विकिपिडिया newiki https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.2 first-letter मीडिया विशेष वार्तालाप प्रयोगकर्ता प्रयोगकर्ता वार्ता विकिपिडिया विकिपिडिया वार्ता चित्र चित्र वार्ता मीडियाविकि मीडियाविकि वार्ता ढाँचा ढाँचा वार्ता मद्दत मद्दत वार्ता श्रेणी श्रेणी वार्ता पोर्टल पोर्टल वार्ता मस्यौदा मस्यौदा वार्ता TimedText TimedText talk मोड्युल मोड्युल वार्तालाप Event Event talk 0 2786 1355919 1343455 2026-05-19T06:04:09Z पर्वत सुवेदी 31224 1355919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | type = [[नेपालका जिल्लाहरू|जिल्ला]] | name = | native_name = | nickname = | native_name_lang = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> | motto = | image_skyline = Sinja Valley.JPG | image_alt = | image_caption =[[सिंजा उपत्यका]]को हवाई दृश्य | image_map = Jumla Karnali locator.png | map_alt = | map_caption = कर्णाली प्रदेशमा जुम्ला जिल्लाको अवस्थिति (गाढा पहेँलो) | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_alt1 = | map_caption1 = | coordinates = {{Coord|29.275278|82.183333}} | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = [[सार्वभौम सम्पन्न राष्ट्रहरूको सूची|देश]] | subdivision_name = {{NPL}} | subdivision_type1 = [[नेपालका प्रदेशहरू|प्रदेश]] | subdivision_name1 = [[कर्णाली प्रदेश]] | parts_type = [[नेपालमा स्थानीय सरकार|स्थानीय तहहरू]] | parts_style = coll | p1 = [[नेपालका सहरहरूको सूची|'''नगरपालिका''']] | p2 = [[चन्दननाथ नगरपालिका|चन्दननाथ]] | p17 = [[नेपालका गाउँपालिकाहरूको सूची|'''गाउँपालिका''']] | p18 = [[कानकासुन्दरी गाउँपालिका|कानकासुन्दरी]] | p19 = [[सिंजा गाउँपालिका|सिंजा]] | p20 = [[हिमा गाउँपालिका|हिमा]] | p21 = [[तिला गाउँपालिका||तिला]] | p22 = [[गुठिचौर गाउँपालिका|गुठिचौर]] | p23 = [[तातोपानी गाउँपालिका||तातोपानी]] | p24 = [[पातारासी गाउँपालिका|तातोपानी]] | established_title = स्थापना | established_date =वि.सं २०१८ | seat_type = सदरमुकाम | seat = [[खलङ्गा, जुम्ला|खलङ्गा]] <small> ([[चन्दननाथ नगरपालिका]]) | leader_title = प्रमुख | leader_name = | leader_party = | leader_title1 = उपप्रमुख | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = [[नेपालको संसदीय निर्वाचन क्षेत्रहरूको सूची|संसदीय निर्वाचन क्षेत्र]] | leader_name2 = १ सिट{{collapsible list|bullets=on|[[जुम्ला १ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|जुम्ला १]]}} | leader_title3 = [[नेपालको संसदीय निर्वाचन क्षेत्रहरूको सूची|प्रदेश सभा निर्वाचन क्षेत्रहरू]] | leader_name3 = २ सिट {{collapsible list|bullets=on|[[जुम्ला १ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|जुम्ला १ (ख)]]|[[जुम्ला १ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|जुम्ला १ (ख)]]}} | government_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://daojumla.moha.gov.np/ |title=जिल्ला प्रशासन कार्यालय, जुम्ला}}</ref> | government_type = [[जिल्ला समन्वय समिति (नेपाल)|जिल्ला समन्वय समिति]] | governing_body = [[जिल्ला समन्वय समिति (नेपाल)|जिसस]], जुम्ला | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 2531 | area_note = | area_rank = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_min_m = 915 | elevation_max_m = 4679 | population_footnotes = <ref name="provincialreport"/> | population_total = 118349 | population_as_of = [[राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०७८|वि.सं २०७८]] | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | population_rank = | population_blank1_title = घरधुरी | population_blank1 =24438 | demographics_type1 = [[जनसाङ्ख्यिकी]] | demographics1_title1 = जातीय समूहहरू | demographics1_info1 = [[क्षेत्री]], [[बाहुन]], [[ठकुरी]] | demographics1_title2 = महिला ♀ | demographics1_info2 = ५०% | demographics1_title3 = पुरुष ♂/१०० महिला | demographics1_info3 = | demographics_type2 = [[मानव विकास सूचकाङ्क]] | demographics2_title1 = प्रतिव्यक्ति आय | demographics2_info1 = | demographics2_title2 = गरिबी दर | demographics2_info2 = | demographics2_title3 = [[साक्षरता दर]] | demographics2_info3 = ७०.२% | demographics2_title4 = जीवन प्रत्यासा | demographics2_info4 = | blank_name_sec1 = [[नेपालमा बोलिने भाषाहरू|आधिकारिक भाषा]](हरू) | blank_info_sec1 = [[जुम्ली खस भाषा|जुम्ली खस ]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Teaching and learning in Khas language |url=https://onlineradionepal.gov.np/2020/01/12/40196.html |access-date=2022-11-02 |website=रेडियो नेपाल |language=en-US}}</ref>{{•}}[[नेपाली भाषा|नेपाली]] | blank_name_sec2 = मुख्य राजमार्गहरू | blank_info_sec2 = [[कर्णाली राजमार्ग|कर्णाली]] | timezone1 = [[नेपाली समय]] | utc_offset1 = +०५:४५ | area_code_type = [[नेपालमा टेलिफोन कोड|टेलिफोन कोड]] | area_code = ०८७ | website = [http://daojumla.moha.gov.np जिप्रका, जुम्ला] [http://ddcjumla.gov.np जिसस, जुम्ला] | footnotes = }} [[File:Chandannath Municiplity.jpg|thumb|right|हवाईजहाजबाट देखिएको खलङ्गा बजार]] '''जुम्ला जिल्ला''' [[नेपाल]]को [[कर्णाली प्रदेश]] अन्तर्गत पर्ने उच्च हिमाली जिल्ला हो। चन्दननाथ नगरपालिकाको [[खलङ्गा, जुम्ला|खलङ्गा]] बजार जुम्ला जिल्लाको सदरमुकाम तथा यस क्षेत्रको शिक्षा, स्वास्थ्य तथा व्यापारिक केन्द्र पनि हो। यसको क्षेत्रफल २,५३१ वर्ग किलोमिटर (९७७ वर्ग माइल) रहेको छ। [[नेपालको बाह्रौँ राष्ट्रिय जनगणना, २०७८|२०७८]] अनुसार जिल्लाको जनसङ्ख्या १,१८,३४९ थियो। यसको क्षेत्रफल ८१⁰ २८' र ८२⁰ १८' पूर्व देशान्तर र २८⁰ ५८' र २९⁰ ३०' उत्तर अक्षांशको बीचमा पर्दछ।<ref name="District profile of Jumla">{{Cite web |url=http://rapnepal.com/district/district-profile-12 |title=District profile of Jumla |access-date=2018-08-01 |archive-date=2019-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617082337/http://rapnepal.com/district/district-profile-12 |url-status=dead }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617082337/http://rapnepal.com/district/district-profile-12 |date=2019-06-17 }}</ref> [[File:Jumla Jatra.jpg|thumb|alt=Huge crowd filling a large street with mountains in the background|जात्राको अन्तिम दिन कृष्ण जन्माष्टमीका दिन खलङ्गा बजारमा लागेको भीड।]] [[नेपाली भाषा]] (त्यतिबेला खस भाषा भनेर चिनिन्थ्यो) [[सिंजा उपत्यका]]मा उत्पत्ति भएको थियो। सिंजा [[खस राज्य]]को राजधानी थियो, र "खस भाषा" भनिने बोली अझै पनि त्यस क्षेत्रका मानिसहरूमाझ बोलिन्छ।<ref>{{citation| title = The origin of Nepali language is Sinja of Jumla| url = http://ddcjumla.gov.np/en/brief-introduction/| access-date = Feb 25, 2018}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809204028/http://ddcjumla.gov.np/en/brief-introduction/ |date=August 9, 2020 }}</ref> ==नामकरण== परापूर्व कालदेखि यस जिल्लाको सदरमुकाममा रहेको स्वामी दत्तात्रेय मूर्तिलाई डस्न/टोक्न दुईवटा अजिङ्गर (नाग) आउँदा भेट्टाउन नपाउँदै स्वामी दत्तात्रेयको शक्तिले ती दुवै नाग एकैचोटी भष्म भए। यसरी भष्म भएका ती नागहरू पछि जुम्ल्याहा पहाडको रूपमा देखिएकाले जुम्ल्याहा शब्दको अपभ्रंश हुँदै यस जिल्लाको नाम जुम्ला रहन गएको हो भन्ने जनश्रुती छ। == इतिहास == === खस राज्य === ११औँ देखि १३औँ शताब्दी सम्म जुम्ला [[खस राज्य]]को एक अंश थियो। १३औँ शताब्दी पछि, खस राज्यको पतन भएको थियो र कर्णाली-भेरी क्षेत्रमा रहेका [[बाइसे राज्यहरू]]मा विभाजित भएको थियो र जुम्ला राज्य तिनिहरू मध्ये एक थियो। === जुम्ला राज्य === गोरखाका राजा [[पृथ्वीनारायण शाह]] र पछि उनका कान्छा छोरा [[बहादुर शाह]]ले [[नेपालको एकीकरण]] गर्नुअघि [[नेपाल]]मा रहेका धेरै राज्यहरूमध्ये जुम्ला राज्य एक थियो। यत्से (मल्ल) राज्यका अन्तिम शासककी छोरीसँग विवाह गर्ने बलिराजाले आफ्नो ससुराको उत्तराधिकारी हुँदा यो राज्यको स्थापना वि.सं १४६० तिर भएको थियो। यो पश्चिमी नेपालको सबैभन्दा शक्तिशाली राज्यहरू मध्ये एक थियो, जुन कर्णाली क्षेत्रको बाइसे राज्यहरू मध्ये एक थियो जुन पहिले ठुलो यत्से राज्यको भाग थियो।<ref>Ram Niwas Pandey (1998) ''The making of modern Nepal: A study of history, art, the culture of Western Nepal''. Nirala Press.</ref> शताब्दीयौँ अन्तरालको युद्ध पछि, यसले वि.सं १८१६ मा [[उपल्लो मुस्ताङ|मुस्ताङ राज्य]]लाई कब्जा गरेको थियो।<ref>Rishikesh Shaha (1997) ''Ancient and medieval Nepal''. New Delhi: Manohar, p. 67.</ref> १८औँ शताब्दीको अन्त्यतिर जुम्ला राज्यले राजा पृथ्वीनारायण शाहको पहिलो आक्रमणबाट सफलतापूर्वक आफ्नो रक्षा गरेको थियो, र किंवदन्ती अनुसार उनी युद्धमा घाइते समेत भएका थिए। पछि, जुम्ला वरपरका राज्यहरूको सहयोगमा, [[बहादुर शाह]]ले फेरि यसमा आक्रमण गरेका थिए र वि.सं १८४५ मा जुम्लालाई कब्जा गर्दै गोर्खा राजाहरूसँग यसलाई गाभेका थिए।<ref>Rishikesh Shaha (1996) ''Modern Nepal: A political history 1769-1955'', Vol. I. New Delhi: Manohar, p. 53.</ref> जुम्लाका राजाहरू गोर्खाका राजाहरू जस्तै ठकुरी (सिजापति, मल्ल, शाही) थिए। जुम्ला राज्य नेपालको एकीकरणपूर्वको व्यापक राज्यहरूमध्ये एक थियो। आफ्नो शक्तिको उचाइमा यो पूर्वमा मुस्ताङदेखि वर्तमान उत्तराखण्डसम्म फैलिएको थियो, जुन आधुनिक भारतको एक राज्य हो। यो क्षेत्र वि.सं १८७२ मा नेपाल विभाजनको समयमा नेपाल राज्यले [[इस्ट इन्डिया कम्पनी]]बाट गुमाएको थियो।<ref>Rishikesh Shaha (1996) ''Modern Nepal: A political history 1769-1955'', Vol. I. New Delhi: Manohar, p. 139.</ref> == भूगोल र जलवायु == भौगोलिक रूपमा, जुम्ला एक हिमाली जिल्ला हो जसको उचाइ ९१५ मिटर (३,००२ फिट) देखि ४,६७९ मिटर (१५,३५१ फिट) सम्म छ। उच्च हिमालयी क्षेत्रमा पतारसी र कान्जिरोवा हिमालय शृङ्खलाहरू छन्। जुम्लाका प्रमुख नदीहरू हिमा, तिला र जावा हुन्। {| class="wikitable" |- ! [[नेपालको जलवायु|हावापानी क्षेत्र]]<ref> {{Citation | title = The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal – a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification system | series = . Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No.110. | year = 2005 | url = http://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/20497354/de2_001.pdf | isbn = 87-7903-210-9 | access-date = 22 November 2013}} </ref> ! उचाइ दायरा ! क्षेत्रफलको % |- | [[शीतोष्ण कटिबन्ध]] | २,००० देखि ३,००० मिटर<br>६,४०० देखि ९,८००&nbsp;फिट | २५.३% |- | [[पर्वतीय पारिस्थितिकी#उप पर्वतीय|उप पर्वतीय]] | ३,००० देखि ४,००० मिटर<br>९,८०० देखि १३,१००&nbsp;फिट | ४९.७% |- | [[पर्वतीय पारिस्थितिकी#उच्च पर्वतीय घाँसेमैदान र टुन्ड्रा|उच्च पर्वतीय]] | ४,००० देखि ५,००० मिटर<br>१३,१०० देखि १६,४००&nbsp;फिट | १३.९% |- | [[हिमरेखा]] | ५,००० मिटर भन्दा माथि | ७.३% |- | भोट हिमालय<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.academia.edu/2531420 |title=Vegetation pattern of Trans-Himalayan zone in the North-West Nepal |last1=Shrestha |first1=Mani R. |last2=Rokaya |first2=Maan B. |last3=Ghimire |first3=Suresh K. |journal=Nepal Journal of Plant Sciences |volume=1 |pages=129–135 |year=2005 |access-date=7 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://pragya.org/doc/Climate-change-Himalaya.pdf |title=Climate Change and Himalayan Cold Deserts: Mapping vulnerability and threat to ecology and indigenous livelihoods |last1=Banerji |first1=Gargi |last2=Basu |first2=Sejuti |website=Pragya |location=Gurgaon, Haryana, India |access-date=7 February 2014}}</ref> | ३,००० देखि ६,४०० मिटर<br>९,८०० देखि २१,०००&nbsp;फिट | ३.८% |} {{clear}} == जनसाङ्ख्यिकी == {{Historical populations |title = |align = center |clear = |direction = |percentages = pagr |state = |type = |shading = off |width = |subbox = |pop_name = |year_name = जनगणना वर्ष (वि.सं) |percent_name = |footnote = |source = सिटी पपुलेसन<ref>{{cite web |title=NEPAL: Administrative Division |url=http://www.citypopulation.de/en/nepal/admin/ |website=www.citypopulation.de |language=en}}</ref> |graph-pos = bottom |graph-width = |graph-height = |percol = |cols = |perrow = |rows = |२०३८|68,797 |२०४८|75,964 |२०५८|89,427 |२०६८|108,921 |२०७८|118,349 }} [[राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०७८]] अनुसार, जुम्ला जिल्लाको जनसङ्ख्या १,१८,३४९ थियो। जनसङ्ख्याको ९.०४% ५ वर्ष मुनिका छन्। यहाँको [[साक्षरता दर]] ७०.२०% छ र लिङ्ग अनुपात प्रति १००० पुरुषमा ९९८ महिला छ। २१,०३६ (१७.७७%) नगरपालिकाहरूमा बसोबास गर्दछन्।<ref name="provincialreport">{{Cite web |title=Provincial/District/Local reports: Karnali Province |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/files/result-folder/province/Karnali_Province_census_report.pdf |access-date= |website=राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०७८ |publisher=[[राष्ट्रिय तथ्याङ्क कार्यालय (नेपाल)|राष्ट्रिय तथ्याङ्क कार्यालय]]}}</ref> {{Pie chart |thumb = left |caption=जुम्ला जिल्लाका जातजातिहरू (वि.सं २०७८)<ref name="caste"/> |label1 = [[क्षेत्री]] |value1 = 60.22 |color1 = red |label2 = [[बाहुन]] |value2 = 9.86 |color2 = orange |label3 = [[ठकुरी]] |value3 = 7.97 |color3 = crimson |label4 = [[सार्की जाति|सार्की]] |value4 = 7.65 |color4 = lightsalmon |label5 = [[कामी जाति|कामी]] |value5 = 7.51 |color5 = salmon |label6 = [[दमाई जाति|दमाई]] |value6 = 2.65 |color6 = darksalmon |label7 = दशनामी |value7 = 0.93 |color7 = darkorange |label8 = पहाडी जनजाति |value8 = 2.40 |color8 = teal |label9 = अन्य|value9 = 0.79 |color9 = grey }} ९७% जनसङ्ख्याको साथ जिल्लामा खस मानिसहरू बहुमतमा छ। [[क्षेत्री]]हरू ६०% जनसङ्ख्या सहित जिल्लामा बहुसङ्ख्यक छन्, जबकि खस दलितहरू जनसङ्ख्या १८% रहेको छ। मुख्यतया [[तामाङ जाति|तामाङ]] र अन्य पहाडी तिब्बती मानिसहरू सहित पहाडी जनजातिहरू जनसङ्ख्याको २% ओगटेका छन्।<ref name="caste">{{Cite web |title=Table 1: Caste/Ethnicity and sex |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=Census Nepal 2021 |publisher=[[राष्ट्रिय तथ्याङ्क कार्यालय (नेपाल)|राष्ट्रिय तथ्याङ्क कार्यालय]]}}</ref> {{Pie chart |caption = जुम्ला जिल्लामा बोलिने भाषाहरू (वि.सं २०७८)<ref name="mothertongue"/> |thumb = right |label1 = खस |value1 = 51.16 |color1 = sandybrown |label2 = [[नेपाली भाषा|नेपाली]] |value2 = 42.84 |color2 = orange |label3 = [[जुम्ली खस भाषा|जुम्ली]] |value3 = 4.14 |color3 = #e2934d |label4 = अन्य|value4 = 1.86 |color4 = grey }} [[राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०७८]] अनुसार, जनसङ्ख्याको ५१.१६% ले खस, ४२.८४% [[नेपाली भाषा|नेपाली]] र ४.१४% [[जुम्ली खस भाषा|जुम्ली]]लाई आफ्नो पहिलो भाषाको रूपमा बोल्दछन्।<ref name="mothertongue">{{Cite web |title=Table 5: Mother tongue and sex |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity |access-date= |website=राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०७८|publisher=[[राष्ट्रिय तथ्याङ्क कार्यालय (नेपाल)|राष्ट्रिय तथ्याङ्क कार्यालय]]}}</ref> {{bar box | title = जुम्ला जिल्लाको धर्मगत तथ्याङ्क (वि.सं २०७८)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |title=Table 5: Religion and sex |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०७८ |publisher=[[राष्ट्रिय तथ्याङ्क कार्यालय (नेपाल)|राष्ट्रिय तथ्याङ्क कार्यालय]]}}</ref> | titlebar = #Fcd116 | left1 = धर्म | right1 = प्रतिशत | float = left | bars = {{bar percent|[[नेपालमा हिन्दु धर्म|हिन्दु]]|darkorange|97.30}} {{bar percent|[[नेपालमा बुद्ध धर्म|बुद्ध]]|Yellow|1.45}} {{bar percent|[[इसाई धर्म|इसाई]]|dodgerblue|1.16}} {{bar percent|अन्य वा उल्लेख नभएका|black|0.09}} }} {{clear}} == प्रशासनिक विभाजन == जुम्ला जिल्लामा ८ स्थानीय तहहरू छन्, जसमध्ये १ नगरपालिका र ७ गाउँपालिका छन्।<ref>{{cite web |title=स्थानिय तह |url=https://sthaniya.gov.np/gis/ |access-date=२३ असोज २०८२ |publisher=सङ्घीय मामिला तथा सामान्य प्रशासन मन्त्रालय |language=नेपाली}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+जुम्ला जिल्लाका स्थानीय तहहरू !क्रम !स्थानीय तह !समावेश गाविसहरू !वडा सङ्ख्या !केन्द्र !जनसङ्ख्या ([[नेपालको बाह्रौँ राष्ट्रिय जनगणना, २०७८|वि.सं २०७८]]) !क्षेत्रफल (वर्ग किमी) !जनघनत्व (वर्ग किमी) |- |१ |[[चन्दननाथ नगरपालिका]] |[[महतगाउँ]], [[तलिउम]], [[कार्तिकस्वामी]] र [[चन्दननाथ]] |१० |[[खलङ्गा, जुम्ला|खलङ्गा]] |२१,०३६ |१०२.०३ |२१० |- |२ |[[कनकासुन्दरी गाउँपालिका]] |[[बुम्रमाडीचौर]], [[मालिकाबोता]], [[कनकासुन्दरी]], [[विराट]] र [[पाण्डवगुफा]] |८ |[[विराट]] |१३,६२५ |२२५.३९ |६० |- |३ |[[सिंजा गाउँपालिका]] |[[धापा]], [[नराकोट]] र [[शनिगाउँ]] |६ |[[नराकोट]] |१२,५५६ |१५३.२९ |८२ |- |४ |[[हिमा गाउँपालिका]] |[[बड्की]], [[कालिकाखेतु]] र [[महावैपाथरखोला]] |७ |[[कालिकाखेतु]] |१२,१९१ |१३२.३२ |९२ |- |५ |[[तिला गाउँपालिका]] |[[घोडेमहादेव]], [[मालिकाठाँटा]], [[कुँडारी]] र [[रारालिही]] |९ |[[रारालिही]] |१८,८३२ |१७५.४९ |८३ |- |६ |[[गुठिचौर गाउँपालिका]] |[[गुठिचौर गाउँपालिका|गुठिचौर]], [[गर्ज्याङ्गकोट]] र [[देपालगाउँ]] |५ |[[गुठिचौर]] |१०,९२२ |४२७ |२६ |- |७ |[[तातोपानी गाउँपालिका]] |[[लाम्रा]], [[हाँकु]], [[तातोपानी, जुम्ला|तातोपानी]] र [[ताम्ती]] |८ |[[तातोपानी, जुम्ला|तातोपानी]] |१५,५७५ |५२५.५६ |३० |- |८ |[[पातारासी गाउँपालिका]] |[[पट्मारा]], [[डिल्लीचौर]], [[छुमचौर]] र [[पातारासी गाउँपालिका|पातारासी]] |७ |[[डिल्लीचौर]] |१६,८२४ |८१४.०७ |२१ |} [[चित्र:जुम्ला जिल्लाका गाविसहरू.png|thumb|right|300px|जुम्ला जिल्लाका साविकका गाविसहरू]] ==चित्र दीर्घा== <gallery mode="packed"> File:Narakot Sinja Valley.JPG|नराकोट सिंजा उपत्यका File:Beauty of winter at jumla1.jpg|हिउँद महिनामा जम्ला File:Tila Valley Jumla.JPG|तिला उपत्यका, जुम्ला File:Wooden Craft , Jumla , Sinja.jpg|काठको पुल, सिंजा, जुम्ला File:The way to jumla.jpg|जुम्लाको बाटो File:Jumla11.jpg|जुम्लाको परिदृश्य [[File:Sinja Valley, Jumla|thumb|alt=Khas Nepal|Ludku Area]] </gallery> == सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू == {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == बाह्य कडीहरू == {{कमन्सश्रेणी|Jumla District|जुम्ला जिल्ला}} {{जुम्ला जिल्लाका स्थानीय तहहरू}} {{नेपालका जिल्लाहरू}} {{Coord|29|16|31|N|82|11|00|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki|display=title}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालका जिल्लाहरू]] [[श्रेणी:कर्णाली प्रदेशका जिल्लाहरू]] [[श्रेणी:जुम्ला जिल्ला| ]] h7gkjpp79yeb1lz0yiol96u1dbdvpzz 0 3381 1355885 1355884 2026-05-18T12:06:55Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* सिद्धान्त */ 1355885 wikitext text/x-wiki '''रेडियो''' भनेको [[रेडियो तरङ्ग|रेडियो तरंग]]को प्रयोग गर्ने दूर सञ्चार प्रविधि हो।<ref name="OED">{{cite web |date=2019 |title=Radio |url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/radio |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324025858/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/radio |archive-date=March 24, 2019 |access-date=26 February 2019 |work=Oxford Living Dictionaries |publisher=Oxford University Press }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324025858/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/radio |date=24 March 2019 }}</ref><ref name="PCMag">{{cite encyclopedia|title=Definition of radio|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia|publisher=PCMagazine website, Ziff-Davis|date=2018|url=https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/50130/radio|access-date=26 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="Ellingson1">{{cite book|last1=Ellingson|first1=Steven W.|title=Radio Systems Engineering|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=2016|pages=1–4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QMKSDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1|isbn=978-1316785164}}</ref> रेडियो तरंगहरू ३ हर्ट्ज (Hz) र ३०० गिगा हर्ज (GHz) बीचको आवृत्तिको विद्युत चुम्बकीय तरंगहरू हुन्। तिनीहरू एक इलेक्ट्रोनिक उपकरणद्वारा उत्पन्न हुन्छन् जसलाई एन्टेनामा जडान गरिएको ट्रान्समिटर भनिन्छ जसले वेवहरू प्रसारित गर्छ, र रेडियो रिसीभरमा जडान गरिएको अर्को एन्टेनाद्वारा प्राप्त गरिन्छ। रेडियो आधुनिक प्रविधि, रेडियो संचार, [[राडार]], रेडियो नेभिगेसन, रिमोट कन्ट्रोल, रिमोट सेन्सिङ र अन्य अनुप्रयोगहरूमा व्यापक रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ।[[File:Radio.jpg|200px|thumb|रेडियो ]] == सिद्धान्त == रेडियो तरंगहरू त्वरणमा रहेको विद्युतीय चार्जद्वारा उत्सर्जित हुन्छ।<ref name="Kraus">{{Cite book|last=Kraus|first=John D.|url=https://archive.org/details/Antennas2ndbyjohnD.Kraus1988/page/n75|title=Antennas|date=1988|publisher=Tata-McGraw Hill|isbn=0074632191|edition=2nd|page=50}}</ref><ref name="Serway">{{Cite book|last1=Serway|first1=Raymond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CX0u0mIOZ44C&q=%22electromagnetic+wave%22+charge+acceleration&pg=PA714|title=College Physics, 8th Ed.|last2=Faughn|first2=Jerry|last3=Vuille|first3=Chris|date=2008|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-0495386933|page=714}}</ref> रेडियो तरंगहरू समयानुसार परिवर्तनीय विद्युतीय धाराहरूद्वारा कृत्रिम रूपमा उत्पन्न गरिन्छ । समय परिवर्तनीय करेन्टमा धातु कन्डक्टरमा अगाडी र पछाडी बग्ने इलेक्ट्रोन हुन्छ। धातुको कन्डक्टरलाई एन्टिना भनिन्छ । <ref name="Balanis">{{Cite book|last=Balanis|first=Constantine A.|url=https://archive.org/details/Antenna.Theory.Analysis.and.Design3rd.Edition|title=Antenna theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd Ed.|date=2005|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|isbn=978-1118585733|page=[https://archive.org/details/Antenna.Theory.Analysis.and.Design3rd.Edition/page/n22 10]}}</ref><ref name="Ellingson-2016a">{{Cite book|last=Ellingson|first=Steven W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QMKSDQAAQBAJ&q=%22radio+wave%22+time+varying+electric+current&pg=PA16|title=Radio Systems Engineering|date=2016|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1316785164|pages=16–17}}</ref> जब रेडियो तरंग ट्रान्समिटिङ एन्टेनाबाट निस्कन्छ, रेडियो तरंग फैलन्छ जिसबाट यसको सिग्नल शक्ति कम हुन्छ, त्यसैले रेडियो ट्रान्समिसन केवल ट्रान्समिटरको एक सीमित सीमा भित्र मात्र प्राप्त गर्न सकिन्छ । यो ट्रान्समिटर शक्ति, एन्टिना विकिरण प्याटर्न, रिसीभर संवेदनशीलता, र ट्रान्समिटर- रिसीभर बीच अवरोधको उपस्थितिमा पनि निर्भर हुन्छ। ओम्निडिरेक्सनल ऐन्टेना सबै दिशामा रेडियो तरंग प्रसारित वा प्राप्त गर्न सक्छ, जबकि डिरेक्सनल ऐन्टेना रेडियो तरंग एक विशेष दिशामा मात्र प्रसारित गर्छ, वा केवल एक दिशाबाट मात्र तरंग प्राप्त गर्न सक्छ। <ref name="Visser">{{Cite book|last=Visser|first=Hubregt J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rEs5dz1Zu7AC&q=radio+antenna+theory|title=Antenna Theory and Applications|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|year=2012|isbn=978-1119990253|access-date=29 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Zainah Md Zain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t_LvDwAAQBAJ|title=Proceedings of the 11th National Technical Seminar on Unmanned System Technology 2019: NUSYS'19|last2=Hamzah Ahmad|last3=Dwi Pebrianti|last4=Mahfuzah Mustafa|last5=Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah|last6=Rosdiyana Samad|last7=Maziyah Mat Noh|publisher=Springer Nature|year=2020|isbn=978-9811552816|page=535|access-date=2022-08-27|archive-date=2024-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003154123/https://books.google.com/books?id=t_LvDwAAQBAJ|url-status=live}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=t_LvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA535 Extract of pp. 535–536] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003154112/https://books.google.com/books?id=t_LvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA535#v=onepage&q&f=false|date=2024-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Hurley|first1=Chris|title=WarDriving and Wireless Penetration Testing|last2=Rogers|first2=Russ|last3=Thornton|first3=Frank|last4=Connelly|first4=Daniel|last5=Baker|first5=Brian|date=2007|isbn=978-1-59749-111-2|pages=31–61|chapter=Understanding Antennas and Antenna Theory|doi=10.1016/B978-159749111-2/50027-1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Neely|first1=Matthew|title=Wireless Reconnaissance in Penetration Testing|last2=Hamerstone|first2=Alex|last3=Sanyk|first3=Chris|date=2013|isbn=978-1-59749-731-2|pages=7–43|chapter=Basic Radio Theory and Introduction to Radio Systems|doi=10.1016/B978-1-59-749731-2.00002-8}}</ref> रेडियो तरंग शून्यमा [[प्रकाशको गति]]मा <ref>{{Cite web |title=Electromagnetic Radiation |url=https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/suborbit/POLAR/cmb.physics.wisc.edu/tutorial/light.html#:~:text=Generally%20speaking%2C%20we%20say%20that,than%20the%20speed%20of%20light. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160523101442/https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/suborbit/POLAR/cmb.physics.wisc.edu/tutorial/light.html |archive-date=23 May 2016 |access-date=18 August 2022 |publisher=[[NASA]] |language=en-US}}</ref> र हावामा थोरै कम गतिमा यात्रा गर्छ ।<ref name="Podesta">{{Cite book|last=de Podesta|first=M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h8BNvnR050cC&pg=PA131|title=Understanding the Properties of Matter|publisher=CRC Press|year=2002|isbn=978-0-415-25788-6|page=131|access-date=2024-09-23|archive-date=2024-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003154115/https://books.google.com/books?id=h8BNvnR050cC&pg=PA131|url-status=live}}</ref> == इतिहास == सन् १८९५ मा इटालियन वैज्ञानिक जि. मार्कोनीले विद्दुतीय तारबिना आवाज सम्प्रेषण गर्न सफल भएपछि विश्वमा रेडियोको अविष्कार भएको हो । यस रेडियो प्रविधीलाई वायरलेस अथात् बेतार भन्ने गरिन्थ्यो । सन् १९०१ मा माकोर्नीले रेडियो सङ्केतलाई आन्ध्र महासागर वारपार २१०० माइल टाढासम्म सुन्ने बनाएपछि रेडियो प्रविधि विश्वमा फैलिएको हो। विश्वमा औपचारिक रूपमा रेडियो प्रसारण [[संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका|अमेरिका]]को पेन्सलभेनिया सहरबाट सन् १९२० मा भएको थियो। रेडियो प्रसारणसम्बन्धि विद्युत-चुम्बकीय तरङ्गको सिद्धान्त सन् १८६० मा प्रतिपादन भएतापनि सन् १९१९ मा मात्र रेडियो प्रसारण सुरु भएको हो। अक्टोबर सन् १९१९ मा अमेरिकाको पिट्सवर्ग शहरमा वेस्टिङहाउस कम्पनीले पहिलो व्यावारिक रेडियो खोलेको हो। सन् १९२०को दशकमा अमेरिका र बेलायतमा रेडियो प्रसारणले गति लियो। यसैक्रममा सन् १९२२ मा ब्रिटिस ब्रोडकास्टिङ कम्पनीको स्थापना भयो जुन सन् १९२७ मा आएर [[ब्रिटिस ब्रोडकास्टिङ कर्पोरेसन]]मा परिणत भयो। ==यी पनि हेर्नुहोस्== *[[रेडियो नेपाल]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} {{Commonscat|Radio}} [[श्रेणी:सञ्चार]] 877pusum8cafqutnqaltf6febonjbt7 1355886 1355885 2026-05-18T12:25:09Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* सिद्धान्त */ 1355886 wikitext text/x-wiki '''रेडियो''' भनेको [[रेडियो तरङ्ग|रेडियो तरंग]]को प्रयोग गर्ने दूर सञ्चार प्रविधि हो।<ref name="OED">{{cite web |date=2019 |title=Radio |url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/radio |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324025858/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/radio |archive-date=March 24, 2019 |access-date=26 February 2019 |work=Oxford Living Dictionaries |publisher=Oxford University Press }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324025858/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/radio |date=24 March 2019 }}</ref><ref name="PCMag">{{cite encyclopedia|title=Definition of radio|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia|publisher=PCMagazine website, Ziff-Davis|date=2018|url=https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/50130/radio|access-date=26 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="Ellingson1">{{cite book|last1=Ellingson|first1=Steven W.|title=Radio Systems Engineering|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=2016|pages=1–4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QMKSDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1|isbn=978-1316785164}}</ref> रेडियो तरंगहरू ३ हर्ट्ज (Hz) र ३०० गिगा हर्ज (GHz) बीचको आवृत्तिको विद्युत चुम्बकीय तरंगहरू हुन्। तिनीहरू एक इलेक्ट्रोनिक उपकरणद्वारा उत्पन्न हुन्छन् जसलाई एन्टेनामा जडान गरिएको ट्रान्समिटर भनिन्छ जसले वेवहरू प्रसारित गर्छ, र रेडियो रिसीभरमा जडान गरिएको अर्को एन्टेनाद्वारा प्राप्त गरिन्छ। रेडियो आधुनिक प्रविधि, रेडियो संचार, [[राडार]], रेडियो नेभिगेसन, रिमोट कन्ट्रोल, रिमोट सेन्सिङ र अन्य अनुप्रयोगहरूमा व्यापक रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ।[[File:Radio.jpg|200px|thumb|रेडियो ]] == सिद्धान्त == रेडियो तरंगहरू त्वरणमा रहेको विद्युतीय चार्जद्वारा उत्सर्जित हुन्छ।<ref name="Kraus">{{Cite book|last=Kraus|first=John D.|url=https://archive.org/details/Antennas2ndbyjohnD.Kraus1988/page/n75|title=Antennas|date=1988|publisher=Tata-McGraw Hill|isbn=0074632191|edition=2nd|page=50}}</ref><ref name="Serway">{{Cite book|last1=Serway|first1=Raymond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CX0u0mIOZ44C&q=%22electromagnetic+wave%22+charge+acceleration&pg=PA714|title=College Physics, 8th Ed.|last2=Faughn|first2=Jerry|last3=Vuille|first3=Chris|date=2008|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-0495386933|page=714}}</ref> रेडियो तरंगहरू समयानुसार परिवर्तनीय विद्युतीय धाराहरूद्वारा कृत्रिम रूपमा उत्पन्न गरिन्छ । समय परिवर्तनीय करेन्टमा धातु कन्डक्टरमा अगाडी र पछाडी बग्ने इलेक्ट्रोन हुन्छ। धातुको कन्डक्टरलाई एन्टिना भनिन्छ । <ref name="Balanis">{{Cite book|last=Balanis|first=Constantine A.|url=https://archive.org/details/Antenna.Theory.Analysis.and.Design3rd.Edition|title=Antenna theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd Ed.|date=2005|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|isbn=978-1118585733|page=[https://archive.org/details/Antenna.Theory.Analysis.and.Design3rd.Edition/page/n22 10]}}</ref><ref name="Ellingson-2016a">{{Cite book|last=Ellingson|first=Steven W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QMKSDQAAQBAJ&q=%22radio+wave%22+time+varying+electric+current&pg=PA16|title=Radio Systems Engineering|date=2016|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1316785164|pages=16–17}}</ref> जब रेडियो तरंग ट्रान्समिटिङ एन्टेनाबाट निस्कन्छ, रेडियो तरंग फैलन्छ जिसबाट यसको सिग्नल शक्ति कम हुन्छ, त्यसैले रेडियो ट्रान्समिसन केवल ट्रान्समिटरको एक सीमित सीमा भित्र मात्र प्राप्त गर्न सकिन्छ । यो ट्रान्समिटर शक्ति, एन्टिना विकिरण प्याटर्न, रिसीभर संवेदनशीलता, र ट्रान्समिटर- रिसीभर बीच अवरोधको उपस्थितिमा पनि निर्भर हुन्छ। ओम्निडिरेक्सनल ऐन्टेना सबै दिशामा रेडियो तरंग प्रसारित वा प्राप्त गर्न सक्छ, जबकि डिरेक्सनल ऐन्टेना रेडियो तरंग एक विशेष दिशामा मात्र प्रसारित गर्छ, वा केवल एक दिशाबाट मात्र तरंग प्राप्त गर्न सक्छ। <ref name="Visser">{{Cite book|last=Visser|first=Hubregt J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rEs5dz1Zu7AC&q=radio+antenna+theory|title=Antenna Theory and Applications|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|year=2012|isbn=978-1119990253|access-date=29 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Zainah Md Zain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t_LvDwAAQBAJ|title=Proceedings of the 11th National Technical Seminar on Unmanned System Technology 2019: NUSYS'19|last2=Hamzah Ahmad|last3=Dwi Pebrianti|last4=Mahfuzah Mustafa|last5=Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah|last6=Rosdiyana Samad|last7=Maziyah Mat Noh|publisher=Springer Nature|year=2020|isbn=978-9811552816|page=535|access-date=2022-08-27|archive-date=2024-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003154123/https://books.google.com/books?id=t_LvDwAAQBAJ|url-status=live}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=t_LvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA535 Extract of pp. 535–536] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003154112/https://books.google.com/books?id=t_LvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA535#v=onepage&q&f=false|date=2024-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Hurley|first1=Chris|title=WarDriving and Wireless Penetration Testing|last2=Rogers|first2=Russ|last3=Thornton|first3=Frank|last4=Connelly|first4=Daniel|last5=Baker|first5=Brian|date=2007|isbn=978-1-59749-111-2|pages=31–61|chapter=Understanding Antennas and Antenna Theory|doi=10.1016/B978-159749111-2/50027-1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Neely|first1=Matthew|title=Wireless Reconnaissance in Penetration Testing|last2=Hamerstone|first2=Alex|last3=Sanyk|first3=Chris|date=2013|isbn=978-1-59749-731-2|pages=7–43|chapter=Basic Radio Theory and Introduction to Radio Systems|doi=10.1016/B978-1-59-749731-2.00002-8}}</ref> रेडियो तरंग शून्यमा [[प्रकाशको गति]]मा <ref>{{Cite web |title=Electromagnetic Radiation |url=https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/suborbit/POLAR/cmb.physics.wisc.edu/tutorial/light.html#:~:text=Generally%20speaking%2C%20we%20say%20that,than%20the%20speed%20of%20light. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160523101442/https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/suborbit/POLAR/cmb.physics.wisc.edu/tutorial/light.html |archive-date=23 May 2016 |access-date=18 August 2022 |publisher=[[NASA]] |language=en-US}}</ref> र हावामा थोरै कम गतिमा यात्रा गर्छ ।<ref name="Podesta">{{Cite book|last=de Podesta|first=M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h8BNvnR050cC&pg=PA131|title=Understanding the Properties of Matter|publisher=CRC Press|year=2002|isbn=978-0-415-25788-6|page=131|access-date=2024-09-23|archive-date=2024-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003154115/https://books.google.com/books?id=h8BNvnR050cC&pg=PA131|url-status=live}}</ref> == सञ्चार प्रणाली == * एम्प्लिट्युड मोडुलेसन (ए एम्) * फ्रिक्वेन्सी मोडुलेसन (एफएम) * फ्रिक्वेन्सी-सिफ्ट किइङ   == इतिहास == सन् १८९५ मा इटालियन वैज्ञानिक जि. मार्कोनीले विद्दुतीय तारबिना आवाज सम्प्रेषण गर्न सफल भएपछि विश्वमा रेडियोको अविष्कार भएको हो । यस रेडियो प्रविधीलाई वायरलेस अथात् बेतार भन्ने गरिन्थ्यो । सन् १९०१ मा माकोर्नीले रेडियो सङ्केतलाई आन्ध्र महासागर वारपार २१०० माइल टाढासम्म सुन्ने बनाएपछि रेडियो प्रविधि विश्वमा फैलिएको हो। विश्वमा औपचारिक रूपमा रेडियो प्रसारण [[संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका|अमेरिका]]को पेन्सलभेनिया सहरबाट सन् १९२० मा भएको थियो। रेडियो प्रसारणसम्बन्धि विद्युत-चुम्बकीय तरङ्गको सिद्धान्त सन् १८६० मा प्रतिपादन भएतापनि सन् १९१९ मा मात्र रेडियो प्रसारण सुरु भएको हो। अक्टोबर सन् १९१९ मा अमेरिकाको पिट्सवर्ग शहरमा वेस्टिङहाउस कम्पनीले पहिलो व्यावारिक रेडियो खोलेको हो। सन् १९२०को दशकमा अमेरिका र बेलायतमा रेडियो प्रसारणले गति लियो। यसैक्रममा सन् १९२२ मा ब्रिटिस ब्रोडकास्टिङ कम्पनीको स्थापना भयो जुन सन् १९२७ मा आएर [[ब्रिटिस ब्रोडकास्टिङ कर्पोरेसन]]मा परिणत भयो। ==यी पनि हेर्नुहोस्== *[[रेडियो नेपाल]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} {{Commonscat|Radio}} [[श्रेणी:सञ्चार]] jp2kxehwp4md3ksyo5ca9wug43oxf96 0 14072 1355910 1355875 2026-05-19T05:11:32Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* सि क्लास राणाको निष्कासन */ 1355910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox prime minister |honorific-prefix = श्री ३ महाराज |name = जुद्धशमशेर जंगबहादुर राणा |image = Juddha Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (cropped).png |office1 = [[नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरूको सूची|नेपालको १५औं प्रधानमन्त्री]] |label1 = राजा |data1 = |monarch1 = [[त्रिभुवन वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा त्रिभुवन]] |term_start1 = वि.सं. १९८९ भाद्र १७ |term_end1 = वि.सं. २००२ मंसिर ०४ |predecessor1 = [[भीम शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|भीम शमशेर]] |successor1 =[[पद्म शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|पद्म शमशेर]] |office2 = [[नेपाली सेनाको प्रधान सेनापति|नेपालको प्रधान सेनापति]] |primeminister2 =[[भीम शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|भिम शमशेर]] |term_start2 = वि.सं. १९८६ मंसिर १२ |term_end2 = वि.सं. १९८९ भाद्र १७ |predecessor2 =[[भीम शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|भिम शमशेर]] |successor2 = [[रुद्र शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|रुद्र शमशेर]] |birth_name = जुद्ध शमशेर |birth_date =बि.सं १९३२ बैशाख ७ | birth_place = | death_date = बि.सं २००९ मंसिर ८ | death_place = भारतको [[देहरादुन|देहरादुन]] | nationality = |spouse = |children = |parents = [[धीर शमशेर राणा|धीर शमशेर]] |father = |mother = जुहारकुमारी |alma_mater = |signature = }} '''जुद्धशमशेर जंगबहादुर राणा''' (१९३२ बैशाख ०७ - २००९ मंसिर ०८) नेपालका [[राणा वंश|राणा शासन]]का सातौँ प्रधानमन्त्री थिए। उनी [[जङ्गबहादुर राणा|जंगबहादुर]]को भाइ [[धीर शमशेर राणा|धीर शमशेर]]का छोरा थिए। आफ्ना दाजू [[भीम शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|भीम शमशेर]]को निधन पछि वि.सं. १९८९ भाद्र १७ मा नेपालको श्री ३ महाराज बनेका जुद्ध शमशेर वि.सं. २००२ मंसिर ०४ सम्म नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री रहे। उनले आफू जीवित छँदै आफ्ना भतिज [[पद्म शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|पद्म शमशेर]]लाई श्री ३ बनाई आफू सन्यासी बनेर पाल्पाको रिडीमा बसे। यिनको निधन ०८ मंसिर २००९ (सन् १९५२)मा भारतको [[देहरादुन|देहरादुन]]मा भयो। श्री ३ जुद्धशमशेर विषयलम्पट, अस्थिर मनस्थिति, हीनता मन, सिकारी, अर्थलम्पट, विवेकहीन, कमजोर तथा नालायक प्रशाशक भएर पनि उनका विविध सुधार, भूकम्प उद्धार, शिक्षा, स्वास्थ्य, समाजसुधार तथा उद्योगहरूको स्थापना गराई श्री ५ महाराजधिराजको गरिमालाई उच्च गराई राखेको हुनाले उनको नाउँ नेपालको इतिहासमा उल्लेखनीय रहेको कुरा निर्विवाद छ।<ref name="सुवेदी">{{cite book | last = सुवेदी | first = राजाराम | author-link = राजाराम सुवेदी | year = फागुन २०६१ | title = नेपालको तथ्य इतिहास | publisher = [[साझा प्रकाशन]] | url = | isbn = 99933-2-406-X | pages = पृष्ठ २६४-२६५ }}</ref> ==जन्म/प्रारम्भिक जीवन== जुद्ध शमशेर कमान्डर इन्चीफ धीर शमशेरका [[धीर शमशेर राणा#सन्तान|१७ भाइ छोरामा १५ औँ]] थिए। उनको जन्म वि सं १९३२ वैशाखमा जुहारकुमारीको कोखबाट भएको थियो। सानैबाट साँवलो, कमजोर र आत्मबलरहित हुँदा बचाउन कठिन परेका जुद्धशमशेरको भाग्य त्यत्तिकै प्रबल थियो। वि.सं. १९४१ मा प्रधानसेनापति [[धीर शमशेर राणा|धीरशमशेर]]को मृत्यु हुँदा जुद्ध १० वर्ष पुगेका तर जियारी भने ७ वर्षको बालकको जस्तो हुनाले मर्ने बेलामा निजका आमाले गुन तिर्न आफू समर्थ नहुँदा निजका छोराको ख्याल गर्ने निर्देशन [[वीर शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|वीर शमशेर]]लाई दिएकाले जुद्ध [[राणा वंशको उत्तराधिकारी रोलक्रम|रोलवाला]] भएका थिए। [[४२ सालको पर्व|वि.सं. १९४२ मा श्री ३ रणोद्दीपसिंहको हत्या]] भएपछि श्री ३ पदमा [[वीर शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|वीरशमशेर]] आए। त्यही बेला जुद्ध [[जर्नेल|जनरल]] भए। उनी [[राणा वंशको उत्तराधिकारी रोलक्रम|दसौँ रोलक्रम]]मा थिए।<ref>[[राजाराम सुवेदी]], नेपालको तथ्य इतिहास (काठमाडौँ: साझा प्रकाशन २०६१ फागुन ) पृष्ठ २६०।</ref> वीर शमशेरले जुद्ध शमशेरलाई [[थापाथली दरबार]] दिएका थिए तर कम्पाउण्ड नभएको दरबारमा नबस्ने भनेकाले वीरले उनलाई [[जावलाखेल दरबार]] दिए। जुद्धशमशेर जन्मदै [[कर्नल#समकक्षता|कर्णेल]] भए पनि लुरे हुनाले १९ वर्षको हुँदा आउँ रगतमासीले झण्डै खुस्केका थिए। ==वृत्ति== {| class="wikitable" |+ !साल !पद !श्री ३ !श्री ५ |- |वि सं १९५८ |उत्तरतर्फका जङ्गीलाठ |[[चन्द्र शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|चन्द्र शमशेर]] |[[पृथ्वी वीरविक्रम शाह|पृथ्वी वीर विक्रम शाह]] |- |वि सं १९६४ |पूर्वतर्फका जङ्गीलाठ |[[चन्द्र शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|चन्द्र शमशेर]] |[[पृथ्वी वीरविक्रम शाह|पृथ्वी वीर विक्रम शाह]] |- |वि सं १९७० |पश्चिम तर्फका जङ्गीलाठ |[[चन्द्र शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|चन्द्र शमशेर]] |[[त्रिभुवन वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा त्रिभुवन]] |- |वि सं १९८६ |प्रधानसेनापति |[[भीम शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|भीम शमशेर]] |[[त्रिभुवन वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा त्रिभुवन]] |- |वि सं १९८९ |श्री ३ तथा प्राइममिनिस्टर |आफै |[[त्रिभुवन वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा त्रिभुवन]] |} == प्रधानमन्त्री काल == ===विदेश नीति === ===आर्थिक नीति === जुद्धशमशेरले औद्योगिकरणको नीति लिए। उनले आफूले पनि उद्योगमा लगानी गरे र अरु मानिसलाई पनि उद्योगमा रकम लगानी गर्न प्रेरित गरे। उनले वि.सं १९९२ मा उद्योग परिषद् को स्थापना गरे। उद्योगको संरक्षणको लागि औद्योगिक कानुनको व्यवस्था गरे। वि.सं १९९३ मा कम्पनी कानुन, वि.सं १९९४ मा [[नेपाल बैङ्क|नेपाल बैङ्क लिमिटेड]], १९९३ मा [[विराटनगर जुट मिल]], १९९५ मा द जुद्धम्याच फ्याक्टरी, १९९९ मा कटन मिल्स, २००० मा नेपाल प्लाइउड एण्ड बबिन फ्याक्ट्री, मोरङ विद्युत, नेपाल माइका कम्पनी, नेपाल चामल र मैदा कारखाना, १९९२ मा नेपाल केमिकल इन्डस् ट्रिजहरूको स्थापना गरे। त्यस्तै ससाना उद्योगहरूमा सेरामिक्स फ्याक्टरी, कागज कारखाना, साबुन कारखाना, खानी उद्योग, नर्सिङखोला नुन उद्योग, फर्निचर उद्योग, भाँडा उद्योग, जस्ता उद्योगहरू खुले। नेपालमा कुटिर उद्योगका निम्ति जुद्ध शमशेरले "घरेलु इलम प्रचार अड्डा" मार्फत कतुवा, चर्खा, तान, धागो र प्रविधि सम्बन्धी तालिम दिने व्यवस्था मिलाए। वि.सं १९९४ जेठमा नेपालमा १२ दिन उद्योग प्रदर्शनी आयोजना गरियो। १९९६ मा र २००१ मा पनि त्यस्ता प्रदर्शनी भएका थिए। त्यस्ता प्रदर्शनीमा उत्कृष्ट हुनेलाई पुरस्कृत गरिएको थियो। सर्वप्रथम नेपालमा [[सदर मुलुकी खाना]]बाट कागजी नोट छाप्ने चलन पनि श्री ३ जुद्धकै समयबाट भएको थियो । ===कृषि सुधार=== वि.सं २००० सालमा [[सर्लाही जिल्ला]]मा [[जुद्ध नहर]]को निर्माण भयो । <ref>[https://www.dwri.gov.np/activity जलस्रोत तथा सिंचाइ विभाग] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727065927/https://www.dwri.gov.np/activity |date=2019-07-27 }}</ref> ===प्रशासनिक सुधार=== श्री ३ जुद्धको शासनकालमा सेनामा जागिर खाने मानिसलाई नगद तलब दिने , निवृतभरण, सैनिक द्रव्यकोष (हालको [[कर्मचारी सञ्चय कोष|कर्मचारी सञ्चयकोष]]), अवकाशको व्यवस्था पनि भयो। निजामती कर्मचारी र प्रहरी सेवामा पनि केही सुधारहरू भए। [[जुद्ध शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|जुद्ध शम्सेर]]को पालामा सैनिकहरुले अवकास पछि सरकारसँग रकम माग गर्न जाँदा नोकरी अवधिमा कमाएको रकम बचत भएन भन्ने प्रश्नमा ति सबै घरखर्च र जिविकोपार्जनमा सकिएको बताएपछि मासिक तलबबाट केही रकम कट्टी गरी संचित कोष खडा गनुपर्ने महसुस भएको हो । त्यसलाई मध्यनजर गर्दै सन् १९३४ मा सैनिक द्रव्य कोषको स्थापना गरी सैनिक जवानहरुको मासिक तलबबाट केही रकम कोष कट्टी गर्ने प्रारम्भ भयो । यसको एक दशक पछि निजामति कर्मचारीहरुको लागि पनि पनि त्यस्तो कोषको आवश्यकता महसुस गरी सन् १९४४ मा निजामति संचयकोष स्थापना भयो । यसरी अवकास कोषको अवधारणा सुरु हँुदै बि.स. २०१८ मा विशेष ऐन अन्तर्गत कर्मचारी संचय कोष स्थापना भएप्छि सैनिक द्रव्य कोष निजामति संचय कोषमा गाभिई अवकास कोष योजना सञ्चालनमा आएको हो ।<ref>{{Cite journal |last=श्रेष्ठ |first=शोभा |date=२०७५ चैत्र |title=सामाजिक सुरक्षणमा अवकाश कोष |url=https://www.nlk.org.np/assets/uploads/files/newsevents/Bullitine_2075-Chaitra.pdf |journal=लगानी कोष समाचार |pages=९ }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204084455/https://www.nlk.org.np/assets/uploads/files/newsevents/Bullitine_2075-Chaitra.pdf |date=2023-12-04 }}</ref> [[सदर चिडियाखाना, नेपाल|चिडियाखाना]], सङ्ग्राहलाय, जन्म-मृत्यु दर्ता, खानी अड्डा, समाचार सङ्ग्रह, वनस्पति अड्डा, वनविभाग, व्यापारिक समाचार सङ्ग्रह गर्ने व्यवस्था श्री ३ जुद्धशमशेरले गरे। नेपालको कानूनी इतिहासमा सर्वप्रथम कार्यपालिकासँग न्यायपालिकालाई अलग राख्ने उद्देश्यले वि. सं. १९९७ श्रावण १ बाट कार्य सञ्चालन गर्ने गरी प्रधान न्यायालय खडा भयो । <ref>{{Cite web |title=प्रधान न्यायालय |url=https://supremecourt.gov.np/pradhanNayalaye/about_us }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808201546/https://supremecourt.gov.np/pradhanNayalaye/about_us |date=2024-08-08 }}</ref> राणाहरूले आपसमा जति अन्याय गरे पनि रैतीलाई स्वच्छ न्याय प्रदान गर्दथे। त्यस काममा श्री ३ जुद्ध शमशेर एक पाइला अगाडि बढेर ८ जिल्लामा पुनरावेदन अदालत खोली केन्द्रमा प्रधान न्यायालयको स्थापना गरे। वि.सं. १९९७ साल श्रावण १ गते प्रधानमन्त्री श्री ३ जुद्द शमशेरको पालामा नै एक सनद जारी भई नेपालमा प्रधान न्यायालयको स्थापना भएको थियो । सो सनद बमोजिम न्यायाधीश जनरलको निर्वाचन भई [[बहादुर शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|बहादुर शमशेर ज.व.रा.]] न्यायाधीश जनरल पदमा निर्वाचित भएको पाईन्छ। सो भन्दा पहिले प्रधानमन्त्रीले नै न्याय निसाफ समेतको कार्य गर्ने व्यवस्था रहेको थियो । <ref>http://jcs.gov.np/aboutjsc {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221022407/http://jcs.gov.np/aboutjsc |date=2019-12-21 }}</ref> ===शैक्षिक सुधार=== जुद्ध शमशेरले शिक्षामा समेत राम्रो योगदान पुर्याएका थिए। [[वीरगन्ज महानगरपालिका|वीरगञ्ज]], गौर, [[काठमाडौँ|काठमाडौंं]] जस्ता ठाउँहरूमा उनले पब्लिक स्कुलहरूको स्थापना गराए। विद्यार्थीहरूलाई पढाईमा अभिमुख गराउन पुरस्कार, निशुल्क र तत्कालै जागिर दिने बन्दोबस्त मिलाए। वि सं १९९१ देखि नेपालमा म्याट्रिक जाँचको केन्द्र स्थापना गरी शिक्षा मन्त्रालयले त्यसको जिम्मा लियो। त्यो कामबाट नेपाली विद्यार्थीले जाँच दिन बाहिर जानू परेन। [[शारदा (पत्रिका)|शारदा]] र उद्योग जस्ता साहित्यिक पत्रिका चलाउने श्री ३ जुद्धले [[गोरखापत्र]] साप्ताहिकलाई हप्तामा दुई अङ्क प्रकाशनको आरम्भ भयो। प्रयोगशाला, हुलाक टिकट, छापाखानाको विकास पनि राम्ररी गरियो। ===सामाजिक सुधार=== सामाजिक चाडपर्वमा कम खर्च गर्न र विवाहका निम्ति दुवैको उमेर तोकेर बालविवाह र अनमेल विवाह रोके। त्यस्तै आशौच, देउकीप्रथा, काजकिरिया , व्रतबन्धजस्ता कुरामा सुधार गरे। आगलागीका घटनाबाट पाठ सिक्दै उनले [[जुद्ध बारुण यन्त्र|जुद्ध वारुण यन्त्र]]को स्थापना गरे। * सदर चिडियाखानाको स्थापना वि.सं. १९८९ मा प्रधानमन्त्री '''जुद्ध शमसेर'''ले निजि चिडियाखानाको रूपमा [[सदर चिडियाखाना, नेपाल|सदर चिडियाखाना]] स्थापना गराएका थिए । * ==१९९० को महाभुकम्प== [[विसं १९९० को महाभूकम्प|वि.सं. १९९० साल माघ २ गतेका दिन दिनको २ बजेको महाभूकम्प]]मा प्रधानमन्त्री '''जुद्ध शमशेर'''ले भूकम्प पिडितोद्वार संस्था र कोषको स्थापना गराइ स्वयंसेवी सेवा , निर्व्याजी ॠण सुबिधा दिई तत्कालीन राष्ट्रिय विप्लवबाट पार पाउने प्रयास गरेका थिए । <br /> ==सि क्लास राणाको निष्कासन == वि.सं. १९९० चैत ०१ जुद्ध शमशेरले सि क्लास का राणाहरूलाई [[चार भञ्ज्याङ|चार भन्ज्यांग]]बाट कटाउने कटु निर्णय लिए। [[सिंहदरबार]]मा बैठक बोलाईएको थियो । जुद्धशमशेर दुबै हातको रिभल्वर मुक्तियार [[रुद्र शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|रुद्रशमशेर]]को छाती नजिक ताकी, आपनो कमजोरी देखाउदै--'काँईला ! म [[रणोद्दीपसिंह कुँवर|रणोद्दीप]]झें हुनलागें, तिमीहरू दुई थरिलाई मिलाउन अनेक कोशिश गरें, सकिन तसर्थ तिमी पाल्पा जाउ' भने। रुद्रशमशेरले, 'महाराजबाटै निगाहा भई यो मुक्तियारी पद पाएको हुँ, छोडी जानू भन्ने हुकुम हुन्छ भने खुशीसाथ जान्छु, तर महाराज ! मबाट कुनै भूल भयो कि ?' भनी प्रश्‍न गरे। 'तिमीले भूल गर्‍यो भनी कसले भन्न सक्दछ, तिमी त फट्टिक जस्ता छौं! भनी श्री ३ जुद्धले जवाफ दिए। उनीहरूलाई [[राणा वंशको उत्तराधिकारी रोलक्रम|रोलक्रम]]बाट पनि झिकियो । तदनुसार कमाण्डर इन्चीफ [[रुद्र शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|रुद्र शमशेर]]लाई [[पाल्पा जिल्ला|पाल्पा]]को तैनाथवाला, हिरण्यशमशेर [[वीरगन्ज महानगरपालिका|वीरगञ्ज]] , प्रतापशमशेर [[इलाम जिल्ला|इलाम]], रामशमशेर [[जलेश्वर नगरपालिका|जलेश्वर]] लघारिए। त्यसै गरी जनरल तेजशमशेर, रामशमशेर, [[महावीर शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|महावीरशमशेर]], [[सुवर्ण शमशेर राणा|सुवर्णशमशेर]] लगायतका राणाहरू सपरिवार उपत्यकाबाट चैत्र ५ गते लस्कर साथ टिस्टुङको बाटो बाहिरी पाटो लागे। ।<ref>नेपालको तथ्य इतिहास [[राजाराम सुवेदी]] पृष्ठ २६१</ref> ==दोश्रो विश्वयुद्ध== {{main|[[https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7#नेपालीको_भूमिका दोश्रो विश्व युद्धमा नेपालीको भूमिका]]}} द्वितीय विश्वयुद्धमा नेपाल प्रत्यक्ष सहभागी नभए पनि अप्रत्यक्ष रूपमा आफ्ना सेनाहरू पठाई बेलायतको पक्षबाट युद्धमा सामेल थियो। प्रधानमन्त्री [[जुद्ध शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|जुद्ध शमशेर]]ले बहादुर शमशेर लगायतको नेतृत्त्वमा जम्मा २ लाख ५० हजार नेपाली फौज पठाएका थिए। नेपालीहरूले बहादुर गोर्खालीका रूपमा गौरव तथा सम्मान प्राप्त गरे। गोर्खाली भन्नाले "दुई पैसाको लागि कसैको ज्यान लिन सक्ने जाति" भनेर चिनियो। नेपाली फौजले बेलायतका तर्फबाट जर्मनी तथा जापान विरुद्ध लडेको थियो। [[साइप्रस]], [[ग्रिस|ग्रीस]], [[सिरिया]], [[लेबनान|लेबनान्]], [[प्यालेस्टाइन राज्य|प्यालेस्टाइन]], [[इराक]], [[सिङ्गापुर]], मलाया तथा [[म्यानमार|बर्मा]]मा गई नेपाली फौज लडेको थियो। यद्धमा जम्मा सहभागी मध्ये ७,५४४ नेपाली युवाहरू मारिए र २३,६५५ जना घाइते भए। यसरी यस युद्धमा नेपाल राष्ट्रले पनि ठुलो युवा शक्ति गुमाउन पुग्यो। नेपाल सरकारको सहयोगबाट अत्यन्तै खुसी भई बेलायती सरकारले [[जुद्ध शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|जुद्ध शमशेर]]लाई बेलायती सेनाको पूर्ण अनररी [[जर्नेल]] पदको उपाधि दिएको थियो। साथै ३ करोड ३३ लाख एकमुष्ट आर्थिक सहयोग दियो। प्रथम विश्वयुद्ध पश्चात् दिने गरेको वार्षिक १० लाख रुपियाँ पनि निरन्तर दिने प्रतिबद्धता जाहेर गर्यो। यसका अलवा धेरै नेपाली वीरहरूले बेलायतको सर्वोच्च पदक [[भिक्टोरिया क्रस]] र मिलिटरी क्रस प्राप्त गरे। विदेशमा भएको विकास र प्रगति देखेर नेपाली सैनिकहरूले स्वदेशमा आई जनजागरण र प्रजातन्त्र स्थापनाका लागि सहयोग गरेका थिए। ==जनजागरणको आरम्भ== वि.सं. १९९३ मा [[नेपाल प्रजा परिषद्|नेपाल प्रजा परिषद्को]] स्थापना भयो। वि.सं. १९९७ सालमा राणा शासन विरुद्ध पर्चा छरेपछि २ सयजना जति पक्राउ परे। वि.सं. [[सात सालको क्रान्ति|२००७ सालको क्रान्ति]]को आधारभूमि तयार पार्ने ५ जना युवाहरू- [[टङ्कप्रसाद आचार्य|टंकप्रसाद आचार्य]], [[दशरथ चन्द]], [[धर्मभक्त माथेमा]], [[रामहरि शर्मा]] र [[जीवराज शर्मा]] थिए। १९९७ माघमा [[शुक्रराज शास्त्री]], धर्मभक्त, दशरथ चन्द र गङ्गालाल श्रेष्ठलाई [[मृत्युदण्ड]] दिइयो। ==पदत्याग == [[चित्र:Juddha_Shumsher_heading_to_Ridi,_Gulmi_after_his_abdication.png|अङ्गुठाकार|403x403px|पद त्याग गरेर रिडी गुल्मी तर्फा प्रस्थान गर्दै जुद्ध शमशेर ]] वि सं २००२ मार्ग ४ गते बृहद् भारदारी सभामा आफ्नै हातले [[श्रीपेच]] झिकी पद्मशमशेरलाई लगाइदिए। [[नेपालको इतिहास]]मा स्वेच्छाले पदत्याग गर्ने प्रथम प्रधानमन्त्री समेत हुन्। उनी भन्दा अधिका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरूको पदमै रहँदा हत्या, मृत्यु वा दबाबमा राजिनामा आएको थियो। आफ्ना भतिज [[पद्म शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|पद्म शमशेर]]लाई श्री ३ बनाई आफू सन्यासी बनेर पाल्पाको रिडीमा बसे। स्वच्छिक श्री ३ त्यागेर रिडी हिंडेका उनलाई अहिले पनि ‘राजर्षि श्री ३ महाराज’ भनेर सम्झिन्छ ।<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://dainiklumbini.com/content/16498/|title=श्री ३ महाराज त्यागेर जुद्धशमशेर किन आए रिडी ?|date=माघ १५ २०७८|work=लुम्बिनी दैनिक}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406171014/https://dainiklumbini.com/content/16498/ |date=2023-04-06 }}</ref> जुद्ध शमशेरले उनै भिमका छोरा पद्मशमशेरलाई २००२ मंसिर १४ गते तीन चाँद लगाइदिएर रिडीतर्फ प्रस्थान गरे । उनले तीन चाँदसँग गेरू रंगको फेटा साटे । मंसिर १४ गते जुद्धले सिंहदरबारस्थित फुटबल मैदानमा भाइ भारदारको विशेष कार्यक्रम भन्दै बोलाए । कार्यक्रममा कर्मचारी, साहु महाजन, साधुसन्त समेत सहभागी भए । त्यही विशेष समारोहमा तीन चाँद भतिज पद्यम शमशेरलाई लगाइदिए । भतिज पद्यमले काका जुद्धको पूजाआजा गरे । त्यसपछि लामो भाषण गरे । लामो भाषणको केही आफैले पढे, धेरै माहिला गुरुज्यू हेमराज पाण्डेलाई सुनाउन जिम्मा दिए । भाषणमा जुद्धले पद्यम शमशेरलाई रामराज्य गरे भने । त्यसैगरी [[मोहन शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|मोहन शमशेर]]लाई [[भरत (रामायण)|भरत]]ले [[राम]]लाई मानेझैं [[पद्म शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|पद्मशमशेर]]लाई मान्नु भने । त्यो लामो भाषणमा श्री ३ त्याग्नुको कारण खोल्दै भने–‘मेरा छोरा भतिजहरू राजकाज गर्न समर्थ भएकोले र अघि–अघि रघुकुलका क्षेत्री राजाहरूले पनि उमेर पुगेपछि राजपाठ छाडी जंगलमा तपस्या गर्न गएकाले मैले पनि राजधर्म लिन लागेको छु ।’ भाषण सकिएपछि उपस्थित सबैलाई अनेक खाले उपहार दिए । [[भीमबहादुर पाँडे|सरदार भीमबहादुर पाँडे]]का अनुसार, बग्गीमा चढेर सिंहदबारबाट बिदाई भए । [[टुँडिखेल]]मा पल्टन र बाटाभरी जनताको अभिनन्दन ग्रहण गर्दै कालीमाटीस्थित छोरा [[रवि शमशेर|रविशमशेर]]को दरबार [[रविभवन]]मा पुगेर रात बिताए। भोलीपल्ट [[भीमफेदी]] पुगेका उनी त्यहाँ दुई दिन बसेका थिए । भीमफेदीबाट [[अमलेखगन्ज|अमलेखगञ्ज]] पुगेर चार दिन बसे । त्यसपछि दुई दिन [[वीरगन्ज महानगरपालिका|वीरगञ्ज]]को [[मुरली दरबार]]मा बसेर रक्सौलबाट विशेष रेलगाडीमा नौतनवा पुगे । नौतनवाबाट भैरहवा, बुटवल, तानसेन हुँदै रिडी पुगेका थिए । पद्मशमशेर श्री ३ महाराज भएको केही दिनमै, जुद्ध शमशेर [[रुरु क्षेत्र|रिडी]]तर्फ जान लाग्दा बाटोमै हुँदा काठमाडौंमा पद्मशमशेरले जनताको सामु ‘म राष्ट्र जनताको नोकर हुँ’ भने। पद्ममशेरले जनतासामु बोलेको यो शब्द निरङ्कुश शासकहरूको निमित्त ठूलो प्रहार थियो। जुद्धशमशेरले पनि पद्मशमशेरले बोलेको उद्गारलाई मन पराएनन्। तब रिडीतर्फ जान भनी जुद्धशमशेर बुटबल खस्यौली आइपुगे, त्यहाँ [[रुद्र शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|रुद्रशमशेर]]सँग उनको भेट भयो। रुद्रशमशेरलाई देख्नासाथै जुद्धशमशेरले, "काइँला (रुद्र)! कस्तो नालायकलाई मैले महाराज गराई आएँछु" भने। जवाफमा रुद्रशमशेरले हात हल्लाइहल्लाई "महाराजबाटै छानी–छानी बक्सेको हो" भने। [[बुटवल उपमहानगरपालिका|बुटवल]] खस्यौलीमा जम्मा एक रात मुकाम गरी उनी रिडी अर्गेलीतर्फ लागे। ===उत्तरार्ध जीवन र मृत्यु=== उनी अर्घेलीबाट [[देहरादुन|देहराधुन]] भारत पसे, देहरादुनमा जुद्धलाई बंगला बनाउन भारत सरकारले त्यहाँको भारतीय गोरखा सेना रहेको क्षेत्रको जग्गा ९० वर्षको लिजमा उपलब्ध गराएको थियो । जीवनको उत्तराद्र्धमा नेपालीभाषी समुदायको बसोबास रहेको देहरादुन बस्न रोजेका जुद्धले त्यहाँ निकै सम्मान पाएका थिए । जहाँ विसं २००९ मार्ग ८ गते<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nkp.gov.np/full_detail/7474|title=निर्णय नं. ६८८ - बिगो भराई चलन चलाई पाउँ|date=साल: २०२९ महिना: बैशाख|work=नेपाल कानून पत्रिका}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406172552/https://www.nkp.gov.np/full_detail/7474 |date=2023-04-06 }}</ref> उनको जीवनलीला सकियो। गोर्खाली पल्टनले नेपालका पूर्व श्री ३ महाराजको [[हरिद्वार]]सम्मको शवयात्रामा ब्याण्डबाजा बजाई सम्मान गरेको थियो ।<ref name=":0" /> ==स्मारक== <gallery widths="300" heights="500"> चित्र:Juddha Salik.jpg|जुद्ध शालिक चित्र:Juddha Salik1.jpg|Juddha Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana's statue at Newroad, Kathmandu. चित्र:Inscription Juddha Salik.jpg|Inscription of Juddha Salik. JuddhaShumsher Jang Bahadur Rana's statue at Newroad, Kathmandu. चित्र:Bhadrakali and Sundhara Area 20.jpg|Bhadrakali and Sundhara Area 20 चित्र:Sundhara Area 01.jpg|Sundhara Area 01 </gallery> *[[जुद्ध शालिक]] *[[न्यु रोड, काठमाडौँ|जुद्ध सडक]] ==सन्तान== उनको सन्तानलाई [[:श्रेणी:जुद्ध खलक|जुद्ध खलक]] भनेर चिनिन्छ। उनका बीस छोरा र बीस छोरी थिए। == रङ्गमंच / प्रहसन == कलाकार [[हरिवंश आचार्य]]ले सालिक प्रहसनमा जुद्ध शमशेरको शालिकको भूमिका निर्वाह गरेका छन्। सो प्रहसनमा आचार्यले प्रजातन्त्र पुनर्स्थापना पश्चात मौलाएको दलगत बिकृतिको व्यंग्य गरेका छन् । ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} ==बाह्य कडीहरू== {{नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरू}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको इतिहास]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरू]] [[श्रेणी:राणा प्रधानमन्त्रीहरू]] [[श्रेणी:राणा शासन]] [[श्रेणी : गोरखा दक्षिण बाहु]] ‎ [[श्रेणी:जुद्ध खलक]] [[श्रेणी:खस जाति]] qb7abf9dnfhfqtvtg2yhqueh73aydp6 0 14709 1355961 1340486 2026-05-19T09:00:21Z AnishLama 76740 1355961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ तथा नेपाली कांग्रेसकी केन्द्रीय सदस्य}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2026}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = महालक्ष्मी उपाध्याय 'डिना' | native_name = महालक्ष्मी उपाध्याय | native_name_lang = ne | image = | caption = | office = सदस्य, [[नेपाली कांग्रेस]] केन्द्रीय कार्यसमिति | term_start = २०८२ माघ (२०२६) | term_end = | office1 = [[नेपाली कांग्रेस]] सह-महामन्त्री | term_start1 = २०७८ मंसिर (२०२१) | term_end1 = २०८२ माघ (२०२६) | predecessor1 = | successor1 = | office2 = सदस्य, [[संविधानसभा]] | term_start2 = २०७० | term_end2 = २०७४ | office3 = सदस्य, [[संविधानसभा]] | term_start3 = २०६४ | term_end3 = २०६९ | office4 = [[जलस्रोत मन्त्रालय (नेपाल)|जलस्रोत]] राज्यमन्त्री | term_start4 = २०६३ | term_end4 = २०६४ | party = [[नेपाली कांग्रेस]] | nationality = नेपाली | occupation = राजनीतिज्ञ | known_for = महिला सशक्तीकरण र समावेशी लोकतन्त्रको पक्षपोषण | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1964|10|06|df=y}} | birth_place = [[मकवानपुर जिल्ला]], [[नेपाल]] | education = अर्थशास्त्रमा एम.ए. (त्रिवि)<br>बेलायतबाट ग्रामीण विकासमा पीजी }} '''महालक्ष्मी उपाध्याय''' ({{lang-ne|महालक्ष्मी उपाध्याय}}), जो '''डिना उपाध्याय''' वा '''डिना''' उपनामले लोकप्रिय छिन् (जन्म: वि.सं. २०२१ असोज २०), एक वरिष्ठ नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनी हाल [[नेपाली कांग्रेस]]की '''केन्द्रीय कार्यसमिति सदस्य''' हुन्। उनले यसअघि पार्टीको १४औँ महाधिवेशनबाट निर्वाचित भई २०७८ देखि २०८२ सालसम्म '''सह-महामन्त्री'''को जिम्मेवारी वहन गरेकी थिइन्। डिना उपाध्याय पूर्व '''जलस्रोत राज्यमन्त्री''' समेत हुन् र उनले दुईपटक [[संविधानसभा]] सदस्यको रूपमा संविधान लेखनमा सक्रिय भूमिका निर्वाह गरेकी थिइन्। नेपालको संविधान २०७२ मा महिला अधिकार, पैतृक सम्पत्तिमा समान अधिकार र राज्यका निकायमा ३३% महिला सहभागिता सुनिश्चित गर्न उनले नेतृत्वदायी भूमिका खेलेकी थिइन्। == प्रारम्भिक जीवन र शिक्षा == महालक्ष्मी उपाध्यायको जन्म वि.सं. २०२१ असोज २० (६ अक्टोबर १९६४) मा [[मकवानपुर जिल्ला]]मा भएको हो। उनका हजुरबुवा उदयनाथ अधिकारी प्रजातन्त्र सेनानी थिए जसले राजनीतिक सक्रियताका कारण १२ वर्ष जेल जीवन बिताएका थिए। उनले २०३९ सालमा कन्या माध्यमिक विद्यालय (लैनचौर) बाट एस.एल.सी. उत्तीर्ण गरिन्। उनले [[पद्मकन्या क्याम्पस]]बाट बी.ए. र [[त्रिभुवन विश्वविद्यालय]]बाट अर्थशास्त्रमा स्नातकोत्तर (एम.ए.) गरेकी छिन्। साथै, उनले बेलायतको [[रिडिङ विश्वविद्यालय]]बाट 'ग्रामीण विस्तार र महिला' विषयमा पोष्ट ग्राजुएट (PG) उपाधि हासिल गरेकी छिन्। == राजनीतिक यात्रा == === विद्यार्थी राजनीति र जेल जीवन === उनी २०३९ सालमा पद्मकन्या क्याम्पसको नेविसंघ इकाइ सदस्य भई राजनीतिमा प्रवेश गरिन्। २०४२ सालको सत्याग्रहमा सहभागी हुँदा उनी पक्राउ परिन् र ७ महिना महिला केन्द्रीय कारागारमा बन्दी जीवन बिताइन्। जेलमा उनले नेतृ [[शैलजा आचार्य]]को सान्निध्य पाइन्। रिहा भएपछि उनी २०४३ मा पद्मकन्या क्याम्पसको '''स्ववियु सभापति''' निर्वाचित भइन्। === पार्टी जिम्मेवारी === * **संस्थापक अध्यक्ष:** नेपाल महिला संघ, मकवानपुर (२०४७–२०५७) * **केन्द्रीय सदस्य:** नेपाली कांग्रेस केन्द्रीय कार्यसमिति (२०६२ देखि निरन्तर) * **सह-महामन्त्री:** नेपाली कांग्रेसको १४औँ महाधिवेशन (२०७८ मंसिर) मा उनी महिला कोटाबाट २५३३ मत प्राप्त गरी सह-महामन्त्रीमा निर्वाचित भएकी थिइन्। उनको यो कार्यकाल २०८२ माघसम्म रह्यो। === संसद तथा मन्त्री पद === * **राज्यमन्त्री (२०६३–२०६४):** अन्तरिम सरकारमा जलस्रोत राज्यमन्त्रीको रूपमा उनले मकवानपुरका विकट गाउँहरूमा विद्युतीकरण विस्तारमा प्राथमिकता दिइन्। * **संविधानसभा:** उनी २०६४ र २०७० दुवै संविधानसभा निर्वाचनमा समानुपातिक तर्फबाट सभासद् भइन्। संविधान मस्यौदा समितिको सदस्यको रूपमा उनले 'मौलिक अधिकार र निर्देशक सिद्धान्त' लेखनमा योगदान दिइन्। == निर्वाचन इतिहास == उनी मकवानपुर जिल्लाबाट प्रत्यक्ष निर्वाचनमा पटक-पटक प्रतिस्पर्धा गरेकी छिन्। {| class="wikitable" |+ निर्वाचन परिणामहरू ! वर्ष !! निर्वाचन !! निर्वाचन क्षेत्र !! पार्टी !! नतिजा !! प्रतिस्पर्धी |- | [[आम निर्वाचन २०४८|२०४८]] || प्रतिनिधिसभा || [[मकवानपुर २ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|मकवानपुर-२]] || नेपाली कांग्रेस || पराजित || [[विरोध खतिवडा]] ([[नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी)|एमाले]]) |- | [[आम निर्वाचन २०५१|२०५१]] || प्रतिनिधिसभा || मकवानपुर-२ || नेपाली कांग्रेस || पराजित || विरोध खतिवडा (एमाले) |- | [[प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०७४|२०७४]] || प्रतिनिधिसभा || मकवानपुर-२ || नेपाली कांग्रेस || पराजित || विरोध खतिवडा (एमाले)<ref name="OKBiopic">{{Cite web |title=महालक्ष्मी उपाध्याय (डिना): जिन्दगीकै तीन दशक पार्टी र जनताको सेवामा |url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2022/11/1217500 |website=Online Khabar |language=ne |access-date=2025-07-31}}</ref> |- | [[प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०७९|२०७९]] || प्रतिनिधिसभा || [[मकवानपुर १ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|मकवानपुर-१]] || नेपाली कांग्रेस || पराजित || [[दिपक बहादुर सिंह]] ([[राष्ट्रिय प्रजातन्त्र पार्टी|राप्रपा]])<ref name="MyRepublicaVote">{{Cite web |last=Acharya |first=Krishna |title=NC's Mahalaxmi Upadhyay continues her lead in Makwanpur-1 |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/nc-s-mahalaxmi-upadhyay-continues-her-lead-in-makwanpur-1 |website=MyRepublica |date=2022-11-20 |access-date=2025-07-31}}</ref> |- | [[प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०८२|२०८२]] || प्रतिनिधिसभा || मकवानपुर-१ || नेपाली कांग्रेस || पराजित || प्रकाश गौतम ([[राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी]])<ref>{{Cite web |last=पराजुली |first=अनिल |title=मकवानपुर १ मा रास्वपाका प्रकाश गौतम विजयी|url=https://gorkhapatraonline.com/news/195545|website=Gorkhapatra Online |date=2026-03-28}}</ref> |} == सामाजिक संलग्नता == * **सामुदायिक महिला विकास केन्द्र (CWDC):** २०४८ सालमा मकवानपुरमा पहिलो गैर-सहकारी संस्थाको स्थापना। * **दिव्य तारा सहकारी:** २०५५ सालमा स्थापित यस बहुउद्देश्यीय सहकारीको उनी अध्यक्ष हुन्। == सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू == {{Reflist}} == बाह्य लिङ्कहरू == * [https://nepalicongress.org/ नेपाली कांग्रेस आधिकारिक वेबसाइट] {{DEFAULTSORT:U, Mahalaxmi}} [[श्रेणी:जीवित मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:१९६४ जन्म]] [[श्रेणी:मकवानपुर जिल्लाका मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:नेपाली कांग्रेसका राजनीतिज्ञहरू]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालका महिला राजनीतिज्ञहरू]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको संविधानसभा सदस्यहरू]] [[श्रेणी:त्रिभुवन विश्वविद्यालयका पूर्व विद्यार्थीहरू]] mh35rymz8crqpf8llw44ob79zgl7shi 0 15712 1355895 1238379 2026-05-18T17:12:09Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355895 wikitext text/x-wiki [[काठमाडौँ उपत्यका|काठमाडौं उपत्यका]] सडक यातायातले जोडिनु भन्दा पहिले उपत्यका छिर्न र बाहिरिन चार दिशामा रहेको चार वटा भञ्ज्याङलाई चार [[भन्ज्याङ|भञ्ज्याङ]] भनिन्छ। त्यो मध्ये पश्चिमको [[थानकोट]] (वाडभञ्ज्यांङ)र पूर्वको साङ्गा बढि प्रचलित र सुरक्षाको दृष्टिकोणले महत्त्वपूर्ण मानिन्थ्यो। उपत्यकाको उत्तर तर्फको पांचमाने भाज्यांङ र दक्षिणको फर्पिङ भञ्ज्याङ कम चल्ती का थिए। === स्थान र भूगोल === चार भञ्ज्याङ काठमाडौँको बाहिरी क्षेत्रको एक उपनगर हो जुन भोटेहाङ गाउँपालिकामा पर्दछ। यो स्थान काठमाडौँको केन्द्रबाट लगभग १८ किलोमिटर दूर स्थित छ र बुढीगण्डकी नदीको छेउमा अवस्थित छ। यहाँको उचाइ करिब १,८०० मिटर छ, जसले गर्दा यहाँको मौसम थोरै चिसो र सुखद हुन्छ। === सांस्कृतिक र ऐतिहासिक महत्व === चार भञ्ज्याङ नेपाली संस्कृति र परम्पराको एक महत्वपूर्ण भाग हो। यो क्षेत्रमा बुढीगण्डकी नदीसँग सम्बन्धित विभिन्न धार्मिक र सांस्कृतिक गतिविधिहरू मनाइन्छ। यहाँको परम्परागत जीवनशैली र ग्रामीण वातावरणले आगन्तुकहरूलाई एक अनौठो अनुभव प्रदान गर्छ। ==== प्रमुख स्थलहरू ==== * '''काली माता मन्दिर''': यो मन्दिर धार्मिक महत्त्व राख्दछ र यहाँ स्थानीय मानिसहरू विभिन्न पर्वहरूमा पूजा अर्चना गर्न आउँछन्। * '''शिव मन्दिर''': हिन्दू धर्मको एक प्रमुख स्थल, जहाँ भक्तजनले नियमित पूजा र धार्मिक गतिविधिहरू गर्छन्। * '''पार्वती मन्दिर''': यो मन्दिर स्थानीय देवी पार्वतीलाई समर्पित छ र यस क्षेत्रको धार्मिक र सांस्कृतिक गतिविधिहरूमा प्रमुख भूमिका खेल्दछ। === पर्यटन === चार भञ्ज्याङ प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्य र शान्त वातावरणका लागि प्रसिद्ध छ। यहाँको हरित वन, मनमोहक दृश्यहरू, र शान्त वातावरणले यहाँ भ्रमण गर्नेहरूलाई विश्राम र मानसिक शान्ति प्रदान गर्छ। यस क्षेत्रको रमणीय वातावरणले पर्वतारोहण र ट्रेकिङका लागि उपयुक्त बनाउँछ। ==== प्रमुख गतिविधिहरू ==== * '''हाइकिङ''': चार भञ्ज्याङ र वरपरका वन क्षेत्रहरूमा हाइकिङ गर्न सकिन्छ, जसले रमणीय दृश्यहरूको अनुभव प्रदान गर्छ। * '''प्राकृतिक अवलोकन''': यहाँको सुन्दर वन र विभिन्न वन्यजन्तुहरूको अवलोकन गर्न सकिन्छ। * '''पारम्परिक भोजन''': यहाँको स्थानीय परिकारहरूको स्वाद चाख्न सकिन्छ जसले स्थानीय संस्कृति र जीवनशैलीको प्रतिनिधित्व गर्दछ। === जीवनशैली र स्थानिय संस्कृति === चार भञ्ज्याङका मानिसहरू परम्परागत नेपाली जीवनशैलीमा बसोबास गर्छन्। यहाँको प्रमुख कृषि क्रियाकलापमा धान, मकै, र तरकारीहरूको उत्पादन समावेश छ। स्थानीय संस्कृति र परम्परागत पर्वहरू यहाँको जीवनशैलीको महत्वपूर्ण भाग हुन्। === पहुँच === चार भञ्ज्याङ काठमाडौँको प्रमुख सडकमार्गबाट राम्रोसँग जडान गरिएको छ। काठमाडौँबाट निजी गाडी, टैक्सी, वा सार्वजनिक बसमार्ग प्रयोग गरेर यहाँ पुग्न सकिन्छ। यहाँको सडक अवस्था सामान्यतया राम्रो छ र यात्रा सहज र आरामदायक हुन्छ। === सरोकार === चार भञ्ज्याङको विकास र पर्यावरणीय संरक्षणको लागि विभिन्न स्थानीय संघसंस्थाहरू र सरकारी निकायहरूले काम गर्दैछन्। यहाँको प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्य र सांस्कृतिक धरोहरलाई संरक्षण गर्न र प्रवर्द्धन गर्नका लागि विविध प्रयासहरू जारी छन्। [[श्रेणी:भूगोल]] k9njs79zf21grriozuilkp0d3vqnnnd 0 30926 1355920 1311829 2026-05-19T07:28:31Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = Constituent Assembly of India | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = Seal of the Constituent Assembly | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[Unicameral]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = [[Imperial Legislative Council]] | succeeded_by = [[Parliament of India|Provisional Parliament]] (1950–1952)<br />[[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]] (1947-1956) | new_session = | leader1_type = First President | leader1 = [[Sachchidananda Sinha]] | party1 = | leader2_type = President (Permanent) | leader2 = [[Dr. Rajendra Prasad]] | leader3_type = Vice President | leader3 = [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee|H. C. Mookerjee]]<br />[[V. T. Krishnamachari]] | party3 = | leader4_type = Constitutional Advisor | leader4 = [[B. N. Rau]] | leader5_type = Chairman of the Drafting Committee | leader5 = [[B. R. Ambedkar]] | seats = 389 <small>(December 1946 – June 1947)</small><br/>299 <small>(August 1947 – January 1950)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|Others (inc. [[Communist Party of India|CPI]], [[Hindu Mahasabha|ABHM]], [[Justice Party (India)|JP]], [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]], [[Independent politicians|Independent]] etc.): 15 seats}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[Princely States]]: 93 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]: 73 seats (until August 1947)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = [[Old Parliament House, New Delhi|Old Parliament House]], [[Raisina Hill]], [[New Delhi]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] hvnkl8j3hh4mkjvuvhkx6spn25s7yr0 1355921 1355920 2026-05-19T07:30:17Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = Seal of the Constituent Assembly | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[Unicameral]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = [[Imperial Legislative Council]] | succeeded_by = [[Parliament of India|Provisional Parliament]] (1950–1952)<br />[[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]] (1947-1956) | new_session = | leader1_type = First President | leader1 = [[Sachchidananda Sinha]] | party1 = | leader2_type = President (Permanent) | leader2 = [[Dr. Rajendra Prasad]] | leader3_type = Vice President | leader3 = [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee|H. C. Mookerjee]]<br />[[V. T. Krishnamachari]] | party3 = | leader4_type = Constitutional Advisor | leader4 = [[B. N. Rau]] | leader5_type = Chairman of the Drafting Committee | leader5 = [[B. R. Ambedkar]] | seats = 389 <small>(December 1946 – June 1947)</small><br/>299 <small>(August 1947 – January 1950)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|Others (inc. [[Communist Party of India|CPI]], [[Hindu Mahasabha|ABHM]], [[Justice Party (India)|JP]], [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]], [[Independent politicians|Independent]] etc.): 15 seats}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[Princely States]]: 93 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]: 73 seats (until August 1947)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = [[Old Parliament House, New Delhi|Old Parliament House]], [[Raisina Hill]], [[New Delhi]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] 5us1zl635aw322fq8l92wfl6yxvx9y3 1355922 1355921 2026-05-19T07:31:43Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[Unicameral]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = [[Imperial Legislative Council]] | succeeded_by = [[Parliament of India|Provisional Parliament]] (1950–1952)<br />[[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]] (1947-1956) | new_session = | leader1_type = First President | leader1 = [[Sachchidananda Sinha]] | party1 = | leader2_type = President (Permanent) | leader2 = [[Dr. Rajendra Prasad]] | leader3_type = Vice President | leader3 = [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee|H. C. Mookerjee]]<br />[[V. T. Krishnamachari]] | party3 = | leader4_type = Constitutional Advisor | leader4 = [[B. N. Rau]] | leader5_type = Chairman of the Drafting Committee | leader5 = [[B. R. Ambedkar]] | seats = 389 <small>(December 1946 – June 1947)</small><br/>299 <small>(August 1947 – January 1950)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|Others (inc. [[Communist Party of India|CPI]], [[Hindu Mahasabha|ABHM]], [[Justice Party (India)|JP]], [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]], [[Independent politicians|Independent]] etc.): 15 seats}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[Princely States]]: 93 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]: 73 seats (until August 1947)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = [[Old Parliament House, New Delhi|Old Parliament House]], [[Raisina Hill]], [[New Delhi]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] jdg0bxh0xw9ou88fg7ahymtrt4ghl10 1355925 1355922 2026-05-19T07:32:48Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = [[Imperial Legislative Council]] | succeeded_by = [[Parliament of India|Provisional Parliament]] (1950–1952)<br />[[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]] (1947-1956) | new_session = | leader1_type = First President | leader1 = [[Sachchidananda Sinha]] | party1 = | leader2_type = President (Permanent) | leader2 = [[Dr. Rajendra Prasad]] | leader3_type = Vice President | leader3 = [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee|H. C. Mookerjee]]<br />[[V. T. Krishnamachari]] | party3 = | leader4_type = Constitutional Advisor | leader4 = [[B. N. Rau]] | leader5_type = Chairman of the Drafting Committee | leader5 = [[B. R. Ambedkar]] | seats = 389 <small>(December 1946 – June 1947)</small><br/>299 <small>(August 1947 – January 1950)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|Others (inc. [[Communist Party of India|CPI]], [[Hindu Mahasabha|ABHM]], [[Justice Party (India)|JP]], [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]], [[Independent politicians|Independent]] etc.): 15 seats}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[Princely States]]: 93 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]: 73 seats (until August 1947)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = [[Old Parliament House, New Delhi|Old Parliament House]], [[Raisina Hill]], [[New Delhi]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] mxsrv7alfqiolm06xlcxw34nfjhbzet 1355926 1355925 2026-05-19T07:34:37Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = [[Imperial Legislative Council]] | succeeded_by = [[Parliament of India|Provisional Parliament]] (1950–1952)<br />[[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]] (1947-1956) | new_session = | leader1_type = First President | leader1 = [[Sachchidananda Sinha]] | party1 = | leader2_type = President (Permanent) | leader2 = [[Dr. Rajendra Prasad]] | leader3_type = Vice President | leader3 = [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee|H. C. Mookerjee]]<br />[[V. T. Krishnamachari]] | party3 = | leader4_type = Constitutional Advisor | leader4 = [[B. N. Rau]] | leader5_type = Chairman of the Drafting Committee | leader5 = [[B. R. Ambedkar]] | seats = 389 <small>(December 1946 – June 1947)</small><br/>299 <small>(August 1947 – January 1950)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|Others (inc. [[Communist Party of India|CPI]], [[Hindu Mahasabha|ABHM]], [[Justice Party (India)|JP]], [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]], [[Independent politicians|Independent]] etc.): 15 seats}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[Princely States]]: 93 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]: 73 seats (until August 1947)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] m6byky7uzoee7g25guktxcsh7og7dly 1355927 1355926 2026-05-19T07:36:28Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = [[Parliament of India|Provisional Parliament]] (1950–1952)<br />[[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]] (1947-1956) | new_session = | leader1_type = First President | leader1 = [[Sachchidananda Sinha]] | party1 = | leader2_type = President (Permanent) | leader2 = [[Dr. Rajendra Prasad]] | leader3_type = Vice President | leader3 = [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee|H. C. Mookerjee]]<br />[[V. T. Krishnamachari]] | party3 = | leader4_type = Constitutional Advisor | leader4 = [[B. N. Rau]] | leader5_type = Chairman of the Drafting Committee | leader5 = [[B. R. Ambedkar]] | seats = 389 <small>(December 1946 – June 1947)</small><br/>299 <small>(August 1947 – January 1950)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|Others (inc. [[Communist Party of India|CPI]], [[Hindu Mahasabha|ABHM]], [[Justice Party (India)|JP]], [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]], [[Independent politicians|Independent]] etc.): 15 seats}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[Princely States]]: 93 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]: 73 seats (until August 1947)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] pr0ljsj6u9i786kkhbho3k4qlfq7obo 1355928 1355927 2026-05-19T07:38:42Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = भारतीय संसद (१९५०)<br />पाकिस्तानको संविधान सभा (१९४७) | new_session = | leader1_type = First President | leader1 = [[Sachchidananda Sinha]] | party1 = | leader2_type = President (Permanent) | leader2 = [[Dr. Rajendra Prasad]] | leader3_type = Vice President | leader3 = [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee|H. C. Mookerjee]]<br />[[V. T. Krishnamachari]] | party3 = | leader4_type = Constitutional Advisor | leader4 = [[B. N. Rau]] | leader5_type = Chairman of the Drafting Committee | leader5 = [[B. R. Ambedkar]] | seats = 389 <small>(December 1946 – June 1947)</small><br/>299 <small>(August 1947 – January 1950)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|Others (inc. [[Communist Party of India|CPI]], [[Hindu Mahasabha|ABHM]], [[Justice Party (India)|JP]], [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]], [[Independent politicians|Independent]] etc.): 15 seats}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[Princely States]]: 93 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]: 73 seats (until August 1947)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] qxitff61yzvwt38kfpycvmrzyy6lv2b 1355929 1355928 2026-05-19T07:46:57Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = भारतीय संसद (१९५०)<br />पाकिस्तानको संविधान सभा (१९४७) | new_session = | leader1_type = प्रथम अध्यक्ष | leader1 = सच्चिदानन्द सिन्हा | party1 = | leader2_type = अध्यक्ष (स्थायी) | leader2 = डा. राजेन्द्र प्रसाद | leader3_type = उपाध्यक्ष | leader3 = एच. सी. मुखर्जी<br />वी. टी. कृष्णमाचारी | party3 = | leader4_type = संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार | leader4 = बी. एन. राउ | leader5_type = मस्यौदा समितिको अध्यक्ष | leader5 = बी. आर. अम्बेडकर | seats = 389 <small>(December 1946 – June 1947)</small><br/>299 <small>(August 1947 – January 1950)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|Others (inc. [[Communist Party of India|CPI]], [[Hindu Mahasabha|ABHM]], [[Justice Party (India)|JP]], [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]], [[Independent politicians|Independent]] etc.): 15 seats}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[Princely States]]: 93 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]: 73 seats (until August 1947)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] j39hak3zx6mfhk3fqie3td3d2aleuy7 1355933 1355929 2026-05-19T07:50:39Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = भारतीय संसद (१९५०)<br />पाकिस्तानको संविधान सभा (१९४७) | new_session = | leader1_type = प्रथम अध्यक्ष | leader1 = सच्चिदानन्द सिन्हा | party1 = | leader2_type = अध्यक्ष (स्थायी) | leader2 = डा. राजेन्द्र प्रसाद | leader3_type = उपाध्यक्ष | leader3 = एच. सी. मुखर्जी<br />वी. टी. कृष्णमाचारी | party3 = | leader4_type = संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार | leader4 = बी. एन. राउ | leader5_type = मस्यौदा समितिको अध्यक्ष | leader5 = बी. आर. अम्बेडकर | seats = ३८९ <small>(डिसेम्बर १९४६-जुन १९४७)</small><br/>२९९ <small>(जुन १९४७-जनबरी १९५०)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|Others (inc. [[Communist Party of India|CPI]], [[Hindu Mahasabha|ABHM]], [[Justice Party (India)|JP]], [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]], [[Independent politicians|Independent]] etc.): 15 seats}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[Princely States]]: 93 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]: 73 seats (until August 1947)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] bqdw29w3aubid6mfkfnumsuvh7er176 1355934 1355933 2026-05-19T07:53:30Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355934 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = भारतीय संसद (१९५०)<br />पाकिस्तानको संविधान सभा (१९४७) | new_session = | leader1_type = प्रथम अध्यक्ष | leader1 = सच्चिदानन्द सिन्हा | party1 = | leader2_type = अध्यक्ष (स्थायी) | leader2 = डा. राजेन्द्र प्रसाद | leader3_type = उपाध्यक्ष | leader3 = एच. सी. मुखर्जी<br />वी. टी. कृष्णमाचारी | party3 = | leader4_type = संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार | leader4 = बी. एन. राउ | leader5_type = मस्यौदा समितिको अध्यक्ष | leader5 = बी. आर. अम्बेडकर | seats = ३८९ <small>(डिसेम्बर १९४६-जुन १९४७)</small><br/>२९९ <small>(जुन १९४७-जनबरी १९५०)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{कथा|#००६६CC|[[भारतीय राष्ट्रिय कांग्रेस|INC]]: २०८ सिटहरू}} {{कथा|#CCCCCCC|अन्य (जसमा [[भारतीय कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी|CPI]], [[हिन्दू महासभा|ABHM]], [[जस्टिस पार्टी (भारत)|JP]], [[शिरोमणी अकाली दल|SAD]], [[स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञहरू|स्वतन्त्र]] आदि): १५ सिटहरू}} {{कथा|#FFCC66|[[राजकुमारी राज्यहरू]]: ९३ सिटहरू}} {{कथा|#२०९७००|[[अखिल भारतीय मुस्लिम लीग|AIML]]: ७३ सिटहरू (अगस्ट १९४७ सम्म)}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] oaook39fs9nr8w4ulq92jjitar2jm6y 1355935 1355934 2026-05-19T07:54:23Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = भारतीय संसद (१९५०)<br />पाकिस्तानको संविधान सभा (१९४७) | new_session = | leader1_type = प्रथम अध्यक्ष | leader1 = सच्चिदानन्द सिन्हा | party1 = | leader2_type = अध्यक्ष (स्थायी) | leader2 = डा. राजेन्द्र प्रसाद | leader3_type = उपाध्यक्ष | leader3 = एच. सी. मुखर्जी<br />वी. टी. कृष्णमाचारी | party3 = | leader4_type = संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार | leader4 = बी. एन. राउ | leader5_type = मस्यौदा समितिको अध्यक्ष | leader5 = बी. आर. अम्बेडकर | seats = ३८९ <small>(डिसेम्बर १९४६-जुन १९४७)</small><br/>२९९ <small>(जुन १९४७-जनबरी १९५०)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस|कांग्रेस]]: 208 seats}} {{legend|#209700|[[ऑल इंडिया मुस्लिम लीग|AIML]]: 73 seats}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|अन्य : 15 सीटें}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[रियासत|रियासतें]]: 93 सीटें}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] 8hj6y95kj5ut1nt2hyeas29jsn2tf41 1355941 1355935 2026-05-19T07:58:29Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = भारतीय संसद (१९५०)<br />पाकिस्तानको संविधान सभा (१९४७) | new_session = | leader1_type = प्रथम अध्यक्ष | leader1 = सच्चिदानन्द सिन्हा | party1 = | leader2_type = अध्यक्ष (स्थायी) | leader2 = डा. राजेन्द्र प्रसाद | leader3_type = उपाध्यक्ष | leader3 = एच. सी. मुखर्जी<br />वी. टी. कृष्णमाचारी | party3 = | leader4_type = संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार | leader4 = बी. एन. राउ | leader5_type = मस्यौदा समितिको अध्यक्ष | leader5 = बी. आर. अम्बेडकर | seats = ३८९ <small>(डिसेम्बर १९४६-जुन १९४७)</small><br/>२९९ <small>(जुन १९४७-जनबरी १९५०)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस|कांग्रेस]]: २०८ स्थान}} {{legend|#209700|[[ऑल इंडिया मुस्लिम लीग|AIML]]: ७३ स्थान}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|अन्य : १५ स्थान}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[रियासत|रियासतें]]: ९३ स्थान}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] lx5cx82wbtaqh8tnvsrh58yk7o8eexv 1355943 1355941 2026-05-19T08:00:47Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = भारतीय संसद (१९५०)<br />पाकिस्तानको संविधान सभा (१९४७) | new_session = | leader1_type = प्रथम अध्यक्ष | leader1 = सच्चिदानन्द सिन्हा | party1 = | leader2_type = अध्यक्ष (स्थायी) | leader2 = डा. राजेन्द्र प्रसाद | leader3_type = उपाध्यक्ष | leader3 = एच. सी. मुखर्जी<br />वी. टी. कृष्णमाचारी | party3 = | leader4_type = संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार | leader4 = बी. एन. राउ | leader5_type = मस्यौदा समितिको अध्यक्ष | leader5 = बी. आर. अम्बेडकर | seats = ३८९ <small>(डिसेम्बर १९४६-जुन १९४७)</small><br/>२९९ <small>(जुन १९४७-जनबरी १९५०)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[भारतीय राष्ट्रिय काङ्ग्रेस|काङ्ग्रेस]]: २०८ स्थान}} {{legend|#209700|[[ऑल इंडिया मुस्लिम लीग|AIML]]: ७३ स्थान}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|अन्य : १५ स्थान}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[रियासत|रियासतें]]: ९३ स्थान}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] 4rruankfsvpmv6ciyioso905bwwd8uk 1355944 1355943 2026-05-19T08:03:00Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = भारतीय संसद (१९५०)<br />पाकिस्तानको संविधान सभा (१९४७) | new_session = | leader1_type = प्रथम अध्यक्ष | leader1 = सच्चिदानन्द सिन्हा | party1 = | leader2_type = अध्यक्ष (स्थायी) | leader2 = डा. राजेन्द्र प्रसाद | leader3_type = उपाध्यक्ष | leader3 = एच. सी. मुखर्जी<br />वी. टी. कृष्णमाचारी | party3 = | leader4_type = संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार | leader4 = बी. एन. राउ | leader5_type = मस्यौदा समितिको अध्यक्ष | leader5 = बी. आर. अम्बेडकर | seats = ३८९ <small>(डिसेम्बर १९४६-जुन १९४७)</small><br/>२९९ <small>(जुन १९४७-जनबरी १९५०)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[भारतीय राष्ट्रिय काङ्ग्रेस|काङ्ग्रेस]]: २०८ स्थान}} {{legend|#209700|[[ऑल इंडिया मुस्लिम लीग|AIML]]: ७३ स्थान}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|अन्य : १५ स्थान}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[रियासत|रियासतहरू]]: ९३ स्थान}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = [[Single transferable vote]] | last_election1 = [[1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election]] | next_election1 = [[1951 Indian general election]] | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] rq97bfbmk7qh3didk0t8df5uhrv0gcv 1355945 1355944 2026-05-19T08:06:16Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=जुन २०११}} {{Infobox legislature | name = भारतीय संविधान सभा | native_nalme = | native_name_lang = | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg | coa_caption = संविधान सभाको छाप | coa_res = | coa_alt = | logo_pic = | logo_caption = | logo_res = | logo_alt = | house_type = [[एकसदनपद्धति]] | body = | term_limits = | foundation = {{Start date|df=yes|1946|12|06}} | disbanded = {{End date|df=yes|1950|01|25}} | preceded_by = इम्पेरियल लेजिस्लेटिभ काउन्सिल | succeeded_by = भारतीय संसद (१९५०)<br />पाकिस्तानको संविधान सभा (१९४७) | new_session = | leader1_type = प्रथम अध्यक्ष | leader1 = सच्चिदानन्द सिन्हा | party1 = | leader2_type = अध्यक्ष (स्थायी) | leader2 = डा. राजेन्द्र प्रसाद | leader3_type = उपाध्यक्ष | leader3 = एच. सी. मुखर्जी<br />वी. टी. कृष्णमाचारी | party3 = | leader4_type = संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार | leader4 = बी. एन. राउ | leader5_type = मस्यौदा समितिको अध्यक्ष | leader5 = बी. आर. अम्बेडकर | seats = ३८९ <small>(डिसेम्बर १९४६-जुन १९४७)</small><br/>२९९ <small>(जुन १९४७-जनबरी १९५०)</small> | house1 = | structure1 = [[File:Constituent Assembly of India 1946.svg|300px]] | structure1_res = | structure1_alt = | political_groups1 = {{legend|#0066CC|[[भारतीय राष्ट्रिय काङ्ग्रेस|काङ्ग्रेस]]: २०८ स्थान}} {{legend|#209700|[[ऑल इंडिया मुस्लिम लीग|AIML]]: ७३ स्थान}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|अन्य : १५ स्थान}} {{legend|#FFCC66|[[रियासत|रियासतहरू]]: ९३ स्थान}} | committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = एकल संक्रमणीय मत | last_election1 = १९४६ भारतीय संविधान सभा निर्वाचन | next_election1 = १९५१ भारतीय आम निर्वाचन | session_room = Indian Constituent Assembly.JPG | session_res = | session_alt = Time period:2 years, 11 months and 17 days. First day (6 December 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel; K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel. | meeting_place = पुरानो संसद भवन, रायसिना हिल, [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] | footnotes = | }} {{wikify}} भारतको संविधान निर्माण गर्ने संविधानसभालाई एक अंगका रूपमा लिइन्थ्यो। भारतमा जम्माजम्मी ३६ महिना संविधान निर्माणमा खर्चिनुपरेको थियो। यसको कारण महात्मा गान्धीको हत्या र मुस्लिम लिगको अनुपस्थिति नै हो। यसबाट ठूलो संकट पनि पैदा भयो र भारतको स्वतन्त्रतामा पनि ढिलाई हुन गयो। भारतको स्वतन्त्रता र भारतीय संविधानको निर्माणको सफलता संविधानसभाको सदस्यहरूको दुरदृष्टि, उद्देश्यमाथिको एकता, इमानदारी तथा साहस नै हो। भारतीय संविधानसभाको सुरुको बैठक सन् १९४६ को डिसेम्बर ९ तारिखमा भएको थियो। संविधानसभाको स्थायी अध्यक्षमा सन् १९४६को ११ डिसेम्बरमा डा. राजेन्द्रप्रसाद निर्वाचित भएका थिए। सन् १९४६ डिसेम्बर १३ तारिखमा पण्डित नेहरूले संविधानसभाको उद्देश्य तथा लक्ष्यमाथि जोड दिएका थिए, जसलाई सन् १९४७ को २२ जनवरीमा पास गरिएको थियो। त्यसमा भनिएको थियो कि, त्यहाँ एउटा स्वतन्त्र, अभिभाज्य सार्वभौम गणराज्य हुनेछ। स्वतन्त्रता, समानता र न्यायको प्रत्याभूति सबै अल्पसंख्यीय, पिछडिएका जाति, जनजातिलाई दिलाईनेछ। सरकार जनताको बनाइनेछ। संविधानसभामा जम्माजम्मी १५ समिति रहेका थिए। त्यसमध्ये ८ मुख्य समिति थिए। सन् १९४६ को जुलाईमा विशेषज्ञको समिति बनाइएको थियो, जसमा जवाहरलाल नेहरूलाई समितिको अध्यक्ष बनाइएको थियो। उक्त समितिले क्षेत्रीय संविधान, संघको संविधानको क्षेत्र बारेमा सामग्री तयार गर्ने, दोहोरिएको कुरालाई हटाउने आदि काम गथ्र्यो। सन् १९४७को अगस्ट २९ मा संविधानसभाले मस्यौदा समिति नियुक्त गर्‍यो। जसले संवैधानिक सल्लाहकार समितिले तयार गरेको संविधानलाई जाँचबुझ गर्ने काम गर्‍यो। संविधानको मस्यौदा सन् १९४८ को फेब्रुअरीमा मस्यौदा समितिले तयार गरेको थियो। त्यो मस्यौदालाई प्रकाशित गरियो। यसका प्रतिलिपिहरू संविधानसभाका सदस्यहरू, मन्त्रीहरू, क्षेत्रीय सरकारहरू, प्रान्तीय संसद्हरू, अदालतहरू, सङ्घात्मक अदालतहरू र उच्च अदालतहरूमा सुझाब र अध्ययनका लागि पठाइएको थियो। पछि संविधानको मस्यौदालाई अन्तिम रूप दिन विशेष समिति नियुक्त गरियो। जे भए पनि सबै क्षेत्रबाट आएका आलोचनालाई परीक्षण गरी पहिलो तहमा साधारण सिद्धान्तहरू, अक्षर र सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई छलफलमा ल्याइयो। सबै सङ्कलन गराएर संविधानको तयारी सन् १९४९ को अक्टुबरमा भयो। संविधानको मस्यौदा, संविधानसभाको केही बैठकबाट ३ सय ९५ धारा ९ अनुसूचीलाई अन्तिम रूप दिइयो। यो मस्यौदालाई संविधानसभाले नोभेम्बर ३, १९४९ मा राष्ट्रसमक्ष पेस गरेको थियो र सन् १९४९ नोभेम्बर २६ तारिखमा यसलाई स्वीकार गरियो। केही प्रावधान तत्काल लागू भए भने केही सन् १९५० को २७ जनवरीमा लागू गरिए। संविधानसभाको ११ अधिवेशन भए। २ वर्ष ११ महिना ११ दिनमा भारतको पहिलो संविधान निर्माण पूरा गर्ने काम भयो। <ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.nayapatrika.com/multi-color/7198-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%3F.html|title=कस्ता थिए अन्य देशका संविधानसभा ?|publisher=नयाँ पत्रिका|date=27/05/2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==स्रोत== {{reflist|}} [[श्रेणी:संविधान]] mhuqt6kkxjsub4fe6olq2ez6aikhygg 10 42505 1355967 1250546 2026-05-19T09:21:20Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Country topics | country = नेपाल | state = {{{state<includeonly>|{{{1|collapsed}}}</includeonly>}}} | image = | history = {{Navbox |child|groupstyle=padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal; | group1 = प्राचीन | list1 = * [[भद्रबाहु]] {{Navbox|child|groupstyle=padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal; | group1 = [[शाक्य]] | list1 = * [[गौतम बुद्ध]] * [[मायादेवी]] | group2 = [[किराँत काल]] | list2 = * [[यलम्बर]] | group3 = [[लिच्छवि काल]] | list3 = * [[मानदेव]] * [[अंशुवर्मा]] * [[भृकुटी]] * [[अरनिको]] }} | group2 = मध्य<br>र<br>आधुनिककाल | list2 = * [[अरि मल्ल]] * [[खस राज्य]] * [[बाइसे राज्यहरू|बाइसे राज्य]] * [[चौबिसी राज्यहरू|चौबिसी राज्य]] * [[नेपाल मण्डल|नेवा राज्य]] {{Navbox|child|groupstyle=padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal; | group1 = [[शाह वंश|प्रारम्भिक शाह शासन]] | list1 = * [[गोरखा राज्य]] * [[पृथ्वीनारायण शाह]] * [[नेपालको एकीकरण]] * [[कालु पाँडे]] * [[नेपाल अधिराज्य]] * [[नेपाल –तिब्बत /चीन युद्ध]] * [[भीमसेन थापा]] * [[नेपाल अङ्ग्रेज युद्ध]] * [[बलभद्र कुँवर]] * [[सुगौली सन्धि]] | group2 = [[राणा शासन]] | list2 = * [[कोत पर्व]] * [[जङ्गबहादुर राणा]] * [[अन्तिम नेपाल तिब्बत युद्ध]] * [[त्रिभुवन शाह]] * [[सन् १९२३ को नेपाल-बेलायत सन्धि]] * [[नेपाली काङ्ग्रेस|काङ्ग्रेस]] | group3 = गणतन्त्रपूर्व | list3 = * [[नेपाली गणतन्त्र आन्दोलन]] ** [[नेपालको जनआन्दोलन २०४६]] ** [[नेपालको जनआन्दोलन २०६३]] * [[महेन्द्र वीर विक्रम शाह]] * [[पञ्चायती व्यवस्था|पञ्चायत शासन]] * [[गणेशमान सिंह]] * [[विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइराला]] * [[वीरेन्द्र वीर विक्रम शाह]] * [[दरबार हत्याकाण्ड]] * [[नेपालको जनयुद्ध]] * [[पुष्पकमल दाहाल|प्रचण्ड]] * [[विसं २०७२ को महाभूकम्प]] }} }} |geography = {{Navbox |child |groupstyle=padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal; | group1 = [[नेपालका हिमालहरूको सूची|हिमाल]] | list1 = * [[हिमालय]] ** [[सगरमाथा]] ** [[कञ्चनजङ्घा हिमाल|कञ्चनजङ्घा]] ** [[मकालु हिमाल|मकालु]] ** [[धौलागिरी हिमाल|धौलागिरी]] ** [[मनास्लु हिमाल|मनास्लु]] ** [[अन्नपूर्ण हिमाल|अन्नपूर्ण]] | group2 = क्षेत्र | list2 = * [[काठमाडौँ उपत्यका]] * [[तराई]] ** [[दाङ उपत्यका]] * [[तिब्बती पठार|तिब्बत उच्चसमस्थली]] | group3 = [[नेपालका नदीहरू|नदी]] | list3 = * [[अरुण नदी]] * [[कर्णाली नदी]] * [[कोशी नदी]] * [[गण्डकी नदी|नारायणी {{small|(गण्डकी)}}]] * [[राप्ती नदी]] |group4 = [[नेपालमा वातावरणीय समस्या|वातावरण]] |list4 = * [[नेपालमा जलवायु परिवर्तन|जलवायु परिवर्तन]] * [[नेपालमा वनविनाश|वनविनाश]] * [[नेपालका संरक्षित क्षेत्रहरूको सूची|संरक्षित क्षेत्र]] * [[नेपालको वनसम्पदा|वनसम्पदा]] }} |politics = * [[नेपालको संविधान|संविधान]] * [[नेपालको व्यवस्थापिका संसद|व्यवस्थापिका संसद]] * [[नेपालमा निर्वाचन|निर्वाचन]] * [[नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध|परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] * [[नेपाली सेना|सेना]] * [[नेपालको सङ्घीय संसद|संसद]] ** [[प्रदेश सभा (नेपाल)|प्रदेश सभा]] * [[नेपालका राजनीतिक दलहरूको सूची|राजनीतिक दलहरू]] ** [[नेपालमा सम्यवाद|सम्यवाद]] * [[नेपालको राष्ट्रपति|राष्ट्रपति]] ** [[नेपालको उपराष्ट्रपति|उपराष्ट्रपति]] * [[नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री|प्रधानमन्त्री]] ** [[नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरूको सूची|{{small|सूची}}]] * [[नेपालको मन्त्रिपरिषद्|मन्त्रिपरिषद्]] * [[नेपालको सर्वोच्च अदालत|सर्वोच्च अदालत]] ** [[नेपालको प्रधानन्यायाधीश|प्रधानन्यायाधीश]] {{Navbox |child |groupstyle=padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal; | group1 = [[नेपालको प्रशासनिक विभाजन|विभाजन]] | list1 = * [[नेपालका जिल्लाहरू|जिल्लाहरू]] * [[नेपालका प्रदेशहरू|प्रदेशहरू]] * [[नेपालका नगरपालिकाहरू|नगरपालिकाहरू]] * [[गाउँपालिका]] | group2 = [[नेपालका सहरहरूको सूची|सहरहरू]] | list2 = * [[भरतपुर महानगरपालिका|भरतपुर]] * [[विराटनगर महानगरपालिका|विराटनगर]] * [[वीरगन्ज महानगरपालिका|वीरगन्ज]] * [[दमक नगरपालिका|दमक]] * [[हेटौँडा उपमहानगरपालिका|हेटौँडा]] * [[इटहरी उपमहानगरपालिका|इटहरी]] * [[जनकपुर उपमहानगरपालिका|जनकपुर]] * [[काठमाडौँ|काठमाडौँ {{small|(राजधानी)}}]] * [[ललितपुर महानगरपालिका|ललितपुर]] * [[नेपालगन्ज उपमहानगरपालिका|नेपालगन्ज]] * [[पोखरा महानगरपालिका|पोखरा]] }} |economy = * [[नेपालमा कृषि|कृषि]] * [[नेपालमा ऊर्जा|ऊर्जा]] * [[नेपालका कम्पनीहरूको सूची|कम्पनी]] * [[दक्षिण एसियाली स्वतन्त्र व्यापार क्षेत्र]] * [[नेपाली रूपैयाँ|रूपैयाँ {{small|(मुद्रा)}}]] * [[नेपालमा दूरसञ्चार सेवा|दूरसञ्चार]] * [[नेपालमा पर्यटन|पर्यटन]] * [[नेपालमा यातायात|यातायात]] * [[नेपालमा श्रम|श्रम]] |culture = * [[नेपाली परिकारहरूको सूची|परिकार]] * [[नेपालको जनसाङ्ख्यिकी|जनसाङ्खिकि]] * [[नेपालमा शिक्षा|शिक्षा]] * [[नेपालमा बोलिने भाषाहरू|भाषाहरू]] * [[नेपाली साहित्य|साहित्य]] * [[नेपालको सङ्गीत|सङ्गीत]] * [[गोर्खाली|गोरखाली]] * [[नेपालको अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय वरियता|अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय वरियता]] * [[नेपालको सञ्चार माध्यम|सञ्चार माध्यम]] * [[नेपाल प्रज्ञाप्रतिष्ठान]] * [[नेवार जाति|नेवार]] ** [[नेवारी परम्परागत पोशाक|नेवारी पोशाक]] * [[नेपालका सार्वजनिक बिदाहरू|सार्वजनिक बिदा]] * [[नेपालमा धर्म|धर्म]] ** [[नेपालमा हिन्दु धर्म|हिन्दु धर्म]] ** [[नेपालमा बुद्ध धर्म|बुद्ध धर्म]] ** [[नेपालमा इस्लाम धर्म|इस्लाम धर्म]] ** [[नेपालमा इसाई धर्म|इसाई धर्म]] * [[शेर्पा जाति|शेर्पा]] * [[नेपालमा खेलकुद|खेलकुद]] {{Navbox |child |groupstyle=padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal; | group2 = [[नेपालका चाडपर्वहरूको सूची|चाडपर्वहरू]] | list2 = * [[दसैँ]] * [[तिहार]] * [[मोहनी]] * [[स्वन्ति (चाडपर्व)|स्वन्ति]] * [[दिपङ्खा यात्रा]] * [[ईद]] * [[योमरी पुन्ही]] * [[गढीमाई मेला]] * [[बुद्ध जयन्ती]] * [[माघे सङ्क्रान्ति]] * [[उधौली]] * [[उभौली]] * [[ग्याल्बो ल्होसार]] * [[तमु ल्होसार]] * [[सोनाम ल्होसार]] * [[होली]] * [[छठ]] * [[चसोक तङ्नाम]] * [[छेचु]] * [[जात्रा (नेपाल)|जात्रा]] {{Navbox|child|groupstyle=padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal; | group1 = उत्सव | list1 = * [[न्वारान]] * [[पास्नी]] * [[व्रतबन्ध]] * [[इहि]] * [[श्राद्ध]] * [[अन्त्येष्टि]] }} | group4 = समस्या | list4 = * [[बोक्सी]] * [[नेपालमा मृत्युदण्ड|मृत्युदण्ड]] * [[नेपालमा शरणार्थी|शरणार्थी]] * [[नेपालमा स्वास्थ्य|स्वास्थ्य]] * [[नेपालमा मानव अधिकार|मानव अधिकार]] ** [[नेपालमा अन्तरलिङ्गी व्यक्तिहरूको अधिकार|अन्तरलिङ्गी व्यक्तिहरूको अधिकार]] ** [[नेपालमा एलजीविटी अधिकार|एलजीविटी अधिकार]] ** [[नेपालमा महिला अधिकार|महिला अधिकार]] }} }}<noinclude> [[श्रेणी:नेपाल सम्बन्धित ढाँचाहरू]] </noinclude> 8hzr4hm728dd69usrjvtma66q44plx6 0 47811 1355977 1306289 2026-05-19T11:13:22Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* भूगोल */ 1355977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox body of water | name = मानसरोवर | native_name = {{native name|bo|མ་ཕམ་གཡུ་མཚོ}} | image = Yaks-Kailash-Manasarovar.jpg | caption = पृष्ठभूमिमा [[कैलाश पर्वत]] सहितको मानसरोवर ताल | location = [[तिब्बत स्वायत्त क्षेत्र]], चीन | coords = {{coord|30|39|0|N|81|27|0|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}<!--Precision of 0.05 deg (3')--> | area = {{cvt|320|km2}} | depth = | max-depth = {{cvt|100|m}} | volume = | residence_time = | shore = | elevation = {{cvt|4600|m}} | islands = | cities = | frozen = जाडो मौसम | pushpin_map = China Tibet Ngari#China | pushpin_map_alt = तिब्बतमा तालको स्थान | website = }} '''मानसरोवर ताल''' ({{bo|t=མ་ཕམ་གཡུ་མཚོ།}}; {{zh|c=瑪旁雍錯}}) [[चीन]]को [[तिब्बत स्वायत्त क्षेत्र]]को न्गारी प्रदेशको बुराङ काउन्टीमा रहेको [[कैलाश पर्वत]] नजिकैको उच्च उचाइमा रहेको ताजा पानीको [[ताल]] हो। यो [[चीन]], [[भारत]] र [[नेपाल]] बीचको पश्चिमी त्रिसंयोग नजिकै ४,६०० मिटर (१५,१०० फिट) को उचाइमा अवस्थित छ। यो गङ्गाछु नदी हुँदै छेउछाउको [[राक्षसताल]]को नुनिलो पानीको तालमा बग्छ। [[सिन्धु]], [[सतलज नदी|सतलज]], [[ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी|ब्रह्मपुत्र]] र [[कर्णाली नदी|कर्णाली]] गरी चार नदीहरूको स्रोत यस क्षेत्रको वरपर अवस्थित छ। यो ताल [[हिन्दु धर्म|हिन्दु]], [[बौद्ध धर्म|बौद्ध]], [[जैन धर्म|जैन]] र [[बोन धर्म]]मा पवित्र छ। भारत, चीन, नेपाल र यस क्षेत्रका अन्य देशका मानिसहरू यस क्षेत्रमा [[तीर्थयात्रा]] गर्छन्। तीर्थयात्रा मा सामान्यतया मानसरोवर ताल तर्फ पदयात्रा र नजिकैको कैलाश पर्वतको परिक्रमा शामिल छ। [[संस्कृत]] शब्द "'''मानसरोवर'''" दुई संस्कृत शब्दहरूको संयोजन हो, '''मानस्'''को अर्थ "मन" (सामान्यतया बुद्धि, धारणा, विवेक सहित सम्बन्धित मानसिक शक्तिहरूलाई जनाउँछ) र '''सरोवर'''को अर्थ "ताल वा ठुलो पोखरी" हो।<ref>{{cite web |title=Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary |url=http://faculty.washington.edu/prem/mw/s.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520235218/http://faculty.washington.edu/prem/mw/s.html |archive-date=20 May 2015 |access-date=10 October 2017 |work=[[Monier-Williams]] |quote=sarovara ○vara n. (accord. to some also m.) a lake or large pond, any piece of water deep enough for the lotus }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520235218/http://faculty.washington.edu/prem/mw/s.html |date=20 May 2015 }}</ref> == भूगोल == ३२० वर्ग माइल (१२० वर्ग माइल) को सतह क्षेत्रफलमा फैलिएको मानसरोवर ताल तुलनात्मक रूपमा गोलाकार आकारको छ जसको परिधि ८८ किलोमिटर (५५ माइल) र अधिकतम गहिराइ १०० मिटर (३३० फिट) छ। मानसरोवर प्राकृतिक गङ्गाछु नदी हुँदै [[राक्षसताल]]को नुनिलो पानीको समावृत जलसंभर तालमा बग्छ। यस क्षेत्रबाट निस्कने प्रमुख नदीहरूमा [[ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी|ब्रह्मपुत्र]], [[सिन्धु नदी|सिन्धु]], [[सतलज नदी|सतलज]] र [[गङ्गा नदी|गङ्गा]]को सहायक नदी कर्णाली समावेश छन्।<ref>{{cite book|author-link=Gene Likens|last=Likens|first=Gene|year=2010|title=Lake Ecosystem Ecology: A Global Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OzJOqh90RuwC|publisher=[[Elsevier Science]]|isbn=978-0-12382-003-7|page=294|access-date=20 August 2024|archive-date=20 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240820042402/https://books.google.com/books?id=OzJOqh90RuwC|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A Comprehensive Survey of Rock Art in Upper Tibet: Volume III|author=John Vincent Bellezza|publisher=[[Archaeopress]]|year=2024|isbn=978-1-80327-774-5}}</ref> [[अप्रिल]] देखि [[जुन]] महिनामा दिनको तापक्रम ५ डिग्री सेल्सियस (४१ डिग्री फारेनहाइट) भन्दा बढी र रातको समयको तापक्रम ० डिग्री सेल्सियस (३२ डिग्री फारेनहाइट) नजिक हुने मौसममा मौसम निकै सुख्खा हुन्छ। अक्टोबरमा तापक्रम घट्न थाल्छ र जनवरी सबैभन्दा चिसो हुन्छ। जाडोमा दिनको तापक्रम शून्यभन्दा कम हुन्छ र रातहरू चिसो हुन्छन्। {{Weather box|width=auto |metric first=y |single line=y |location = मानसरोवर ताल |Jan high C = -3.2 |Feb high C = -2.0 |Mar high C = 0.9 |Apr high C = 6.4 |May high C = 10.2 |Jun high C = 13.7 |Jul high C = 13.7 |Aug high C = 13.1 |Sep high C = 13.1 |Oct high C = 11.1 |Nov high C = 6.5 |Dec high C = 1.0 |Jan mean C = -8.9 |Feb mean C = -7.6 |Mar mean C = -4.2 |Apr mean C = -0.1 |May mean C = 3.1 |Jun mean C = 7.1 |Jul mean C = 8.4 |Aug mean C = 8.0 |Sep mean C = 8.0 |Oct mean C = 5.4 |Nov mean C = -0.2 |Dec mean C = -5.1 |year mean C = |Jan low C = -14.5 |Feb low C = -13.1 |Mar low C = -9.2 |Apr low C = -6.6 |May low C = -4.0 |Jun low C = 0.6 |Jul low C = 3.1 |Aug low C = 3.0 |Sep low C = -0.2 |Oct low C = -6.8 |Nov low C = -11.1 |Dec low C = -13.3 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 52 |Feb precipitation mm = 34 |Mar precipitation mm = 52 |Apr precipitation mm = 30 |May precipitation mm = 26 |Jun precipitation mm = 40 |Jul precipitation mm = 125 |Aug precipitation mm = 135 |Sep precipitation mm = 66 |Oct precipitation mm = 29 |Nov precipitation mm = 7 |Dec precipitation mm = 18 |source 1 = [https://en.climate-data.org/location/968516/ Climate-Data.org] }} ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} [[श्रेणी:तिब्बतका तालहरू]] [[श्रेणी:पवित्र तालहरू]] [[श्रेणी:हिन्दु मन्दिरहरू]] 2ok6dsxt4zkltp433l7e8ac2v68nyet 0 55919 1355899 345439 2026-05-19T00:41:43Z Srsh101 60743 "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344421045|Bed sheet]]"पृष्ठलाई अनुवाद गरि सृजना गरियो 1355899 wikitext text/x-wiki [[चित्र:Prześcieradło.jpg|अङ्गुठाकार|एउटा तन्ना]] '''तन्ना''' [[कपडा|कपडाको]] टुक्रा हो जुन ओछ्यानको [[डस्ना]] वा म्याट्ट्रेस छोप्नु प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यो कपडा ओड्ने र सिरकको तल जान्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-13 |title=bed sheet |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/bed-sheet |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=dictionary.cambridge.org |language=en}}</ref> [[श्रेणी:कोठा]] [[श्रेणी:कपडा]] 7fhzzczjh8v8zns3yzjb39ottwkqx7f 3 63638 1355897 1354903 2026-05-18T20:22:07Z MediaWiki message delivery 14766 /* Tech News: 2026-21 */ नयाँ खण्ड 1355897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{archive box| search=yes| * [[प्रयोगकर्ता:Nawaraj_Ghimire/वर्ता१|पुराना सन्देशहरू १ : २०१७/०३/१७ सम्म]] * [[प्रयोगकर्ता:Nawaraj_Ghimire/वर्ता२|पुराना सन्देशहरू २ : २०२२/०७/२२सम्म]] * [[प्रयोगकर्ता:Nawaraj_Ghimire/वर्ता३|पुराना सन्देशहरू ३ : २०२३/०३/२१सम्म]] * [[प्रयोगकर्ता:Nawaraj_Ghimire/वर्ता४|पुराना सन्देशहरू ४ : २०२५/१०/२०८सम्म]] }} == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-13</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/13|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] condition limit was increased from 1000 to 2000. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309609] * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global AbuseFilter#Locally disabled actions|Some Global AbuseFilter]] actions will no longer apply to local projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332521] * Desktop users are now able to subscribe to talk pages by clicking on the {{int:discussiontools-newtopicssubscription-button-subscribe-label}} link in the {{int:toolbox}} menu. If you subscribe to a talk page, you receive [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications|notifications]] when new topics are started on that talk page. This is separate from putting the page on your watchlist or subscribing to a single discussion. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263821] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * You will be able to choose [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diffs]] on all [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Page history|history pages]] at the Wiktionaries and Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314588] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The legacy [[mw:Mobile Content Service|Mobile Content Service]] is going away in July 2023. Developers are encouraged to switch to Parsoid or another API before then to ensure service continuity. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/4MVQQTONJT7FJAXNVOFV3WWVVMCHRINE/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W13"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:५९, २८ मार्च २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=24780854 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-14</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/14|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The system for automatically creating categories for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Babel|Babel]] extension has had several important changes and fixes. One of them allows you to insert templates for automatic category descriptions on creation, allowing you to categorize the new categories. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T211665][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T64714][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170654][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184941][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33074] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Some older [[w:en:Web browser|Web browsers]] will stop being able to use [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] on Wikimedia wikis from this week. This mainly affects users of Internet Explorer 11. If you have an old web browser on your computer you can try to upgrade to a newer version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T178356] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The deprecated <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>jquery.hoverIntent</code></bdi> module has been removed. This module could be used by gadgets and user scripts, to create an artificial delay in how JavaScript responds to a hover event. Gadgets and user scripts should now use jQuery <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>hover()</code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>on()</code></bdi> instead. Examples can be found in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Migration_guide_(users)#jquery.hoverIntent|migration guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311194] * Some of the links in [[{{#special:SpecialPages}}]] will be re-arranged. There will be a clearer separation between links that relate to all users, and links related to your own user account. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333242] * You will be able to hide the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Replying|Reply button]] in archived discussion pages with a new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>__ARCHIVEDTALK__</nowiki></code></bdi> magic word. There will also be a new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>.mw-archivedtalk</code></bdi> CSS class for hiding the Reply button in individual sections on a page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T249293][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295553][https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/DiscussionTools/+/738221] '''Future changes''' * The Vega software that creates data visualizations in pages, such as graphs, will be upgraded to the newest version in the future. Graphs that still use the very old version 1.5 syntax may stop working properly. Most existing uses have been found and updated, but you can help to check, and to update any local documentation. [[phab:T260542|Examples of how to find and fix these graphs are available]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W14"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:२५, ४ अप्रिल २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=24820268 --> == This Month in Education: March 2023 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 12 • Issue 3 • March 2023</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Audio-seminar project of the Wikimedia Mexico Education Program|Audio-seminar project of the Wikimedia Mexico Education Program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Empowering Nigerian Female Artists: Through Art & Feminism Edith-A-Thon at KWASU Fan Club|Empowering Nigerian Female Artists: Through Art & Feminism Edith-A-Thon at KWASU Fan Club]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Exploring How Wikipedia Works|Exploring How Wikipedia Works]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Florida graduate students complete Library History edit-a-thon for credit|Florida graduate students complete Library History edit-a-thon for credit]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Improving hearing health content in Brazil|Improving hearing health content in Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Media Literacy Portal to become a key resource for media education in Czech Libraries |Media Literacy Portal to become a key resource for media education in Czech Libraries]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Wikeys in the Albanian language|Wikeys in the Albanian language]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Wikimarathon is an opportunity to involve students and teachers in creating and editing articles in Wikipedia|Wikimarathon is an opportunity to involve students and teachers in creating and editing articles in Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Wikimedia Polska short report|Wikimedia Polska short report]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Wikimedia Serbia participated in the State Seminar of the The Mathematical Society of Serbia|Wikimedia Serbia participated in the State Seminar of the The Mathematical Society of Serbia]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ००:३०, ९ अप्रिल २०२३ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=24824837 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/15|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] In the visual editor, it is now possible to edit captions of images in galleries without opening the gallery dialog. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Editing/Editable gallery captions in Visual Editor|voted #61 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190224] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] You can now receive notifications when another user edits your user page. See the "{{int:Echo-category-title-edit-user-page}}" option in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-echo|your Preferences]]. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Anti-harassment/Notifications for user page edits|voted #3 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T3876] '''Problems''' * There was a problem with all types of CentralNotice banners still being shown to logged-in users even if they had [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-centralnotice-banners|turned off]] specific banner types. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331671] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]" ({{int:project-localized-name-arywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dinwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dsbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-elwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-emlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-etwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-euwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-extwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tumwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ffwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiu_vrowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frpwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-furwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gcrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-glwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-glkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gomwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gotwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-guwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gvwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304551][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308133] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W15"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:५०, ११ अप्रिल २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=24851886 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/16|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Show_nearby_articles|nearby articles on a Kartographer map]] with the button for the new feature "{{int:Kartographer-sidebar-nearbybutton}}". Six wikis have been testing this feature since October. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Nearby_articles#Implementation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334079] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Special:GlobalWatchlist]] page now has links for "{{int:globalwatchlist-markpageseen}}" for each entry. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Button to mark a single change as read in the global watch list|voted #161 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334246] '''Problems''' * At Wikimedia Commons, some thumbnails have not been getting replaced correctly after a new version of the image is uploaded. This should be fixed later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331138][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333042] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] For the last few weeks, some external tools had inconsistent problems with logging-in with OAuth. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332650] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W16"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:४०, १८ अप्रिल २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=24881071 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/17|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The date-selection menu on pages such as [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] will now show year-ranges that are in the current and past decade, instead of the current and future decade. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Miscellaneous/Change year range shown in date selection popup|voted #145 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334316] '''Problems''' * Due to security issues with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]], graphs have been disabled in all Wikimedia projects. Wikimedia Foundation teams are working to respond to these vulnerabilities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940] * For a few days, it was not possible to save some kinds of edits on the mobile version of a wiki. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334797][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334799][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334794] '''Changes later this week''' * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on April 26. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1682517653 14:00 UTC]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The Editing team plans an A/B test for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|a usability analysis of the Talk page project]]. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Analysis|planned measurements are available]]. Your wiki [[phab:T332946|may be invited to participate]]. Please suggest improvements to the measurement plan at [[mw:Talk:Talk pages project/Usability|the discussion page]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2023-2024|The Wikimedia Foundation annual plan 2023-2024 draft is open for comment and input]] until May 19. The final plan will be published in July 2023 on Meta-wiki. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W17"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०३:४८, २५ अप्रिल २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=24933592 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/18|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The content attribution tools [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Who Wrote That?|Who Wrote That?]], [[xtools:authorship|XTools Authorship]], and [[xtools:blame|XTools Blame]] now support the French and Italian Wikipedias. More languages will be added in the near future. This is part of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Extend "Who Wrote That?" tool to more wikis|#7 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243711][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270490][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334891] * The [[:commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2commons]] tool has been updated. This fixed several bugs related to YouTube uploads. [https://github.com/toolforge/video2commons/pull/162/commits] * The [[{{#special:Preferences}}]] page has been redesigned on mobile web. The new design makes it easier to browse the different categories and settings at low screen widths. You can also now access the page via a link in the Settings menu in the mobile web sidebar. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Moderator_Tools/Content_moderation_on_mobile_web/Preferences] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W18"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:३०, २ मे २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=24966974 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/19|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] Last week, Community Tech released the first update for providing [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|better diffs]], the #1 request in the 2022 Community Wishlist Survey. [[phab:T324759|This update]] adds legends and tooltips to inline diffs so that users unfamiliar with the blue and yellow highlights can better understand the type of edits made. * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] When you close an image that is displayed via MediaViewer, it will now return to the wiki page instead of going back in your browser history. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Return to the article when closing the MediaViewer|voted #65 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T236591] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|SyntaxHighlight]] extension now supports <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr"><code>wikitext</code></bdi> as a selected language. Old alternatives that were used to highlight wikitext, such as <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr"><code>html5</code></bdi>, <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr"><code>moin</code></bdi>, and <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr"><code>html+handlebars</code></bdi>, can now be replaced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29828] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Creating pages with preloaded text|Preloading text to new pages/sections]] now supports preloading from localized MediaWiki interface messages. [https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Martin_Urbanec_(WMF)?action=edit&section=new&preload=MediaWiki:July Here is an example] at the {{int:project-localized-name-cswiki/en}} that uses <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>preload=MediaWiki:July</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T330337] '''Problems''' * Graph Extension update: Foundation developers have completed upgrading the visualization software to Vega5. Existing community graphs based on Vega2 are no longer compatible. Communities need to update local graphs and templates, and shared lua modules like <bdi lang="de" dir="ltr">[[:de:Modul:Graph]]</bdi>. The [https://vega.github.io/vega/docs/porting-guide/ Vega Porting guide] provides the most comprehensive detail on migration from Vega2 and [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Graph:PageViews&action=history here is an example migration]. Vega5 has currently just been enabled on mediawiki.org to provide a test environment for communities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940#8813922] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Until now, all new OAuth apps went through manual review. Starting this week, apps using identification-only or basic authorizations will not require review. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T67750] '''Future changes''' * During the next year, MediaWiki will stop using IP addresses to identify logged-out users, and will start automatically assigning unique temporary usernames. Read more at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates|IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates]]. You can [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#What should it look like?|join the discussion]] about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates#What will temporary usernames look like?|format of the temporary usernames]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332805] * There will be an [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on 10 Wikipedias where the Vector 2022 skin is the default skin. Half of logged-in desktop users will see an interface where the different parts of the page are more clearly separated. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/2023-05 Zebra9 A/B test|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333180][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335972] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] <code>jquery.tipsy</code> will be removed from the MediaWiki core. This will affect some user scripts. Many lines with <code>.tipsy(</code> can be commented out. <code>OO.ui.PopupWidget</code> can be used to keep things working like they are now. You can [[phab:T336019|read more]] and [[:mw:Help:Locating broken scripts|read about how to find broken scripts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336019] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W19"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:२१, ९ मे २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=24998636 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Citations that are automatically generated based on [[d:Q33057|ISBN]] are currently broken. This affects citations made with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]], and the use of the citoid API in gadgets and user scripts. Work is ongoing to restore this feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336298] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]" ({{int:project-localized-name-gorwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hakwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hifwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hsbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-htwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-igwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ilowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-inhwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jvwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308134] '''Future changes''' * There is a recently formed team at the Wikimedia Foundation which will be focusing on experimenting with new tools. Currently they are building [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI|a prototype ChatGPT plugin that allows information generated by ChatGPT to be properly attributed]] to the Wikimedia projects. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget and userscript developers should replace <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>jquery.cookie</code></bdi> with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mediawiki.cookie</code></bdi>. The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>jquery.cookie</code></bdi> library will be removed in ~1 month, and staff developers will run a script to replace any remaining uses at that time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336018] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W20"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०३:३०, १६ मे २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25011501 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/21|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The "recent edits" time period for page watchers is now 30 days. It used to be 180 days. This was a [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Change information about the number of watchers on a page|Community Wishlist Survey proposal]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336250] '''Changes later this week''' * An [[mw:special:MyLanguage/Growth/Positive reinforcement#Impact|improved impact module]] will be available at Wikipedias. The impact module is a feature available to newcomers [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Newcomer homepage|at their personal homepage]]. It will show their number of edits, how many readers their edited pages have, how many thanks they have received and similar things. It is also accessible by accessing Special:Impact. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336203] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W21"/> </div> २२:४०, २२ मे २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25028325 --> == This Month in Education: April 2023 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 12 • Issue 4 • April 2023</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Auckland Museum Alliance fund project update|Auckland Museum Alliance fund project update]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Introducing Wikipedia to Kusaal Language Teachers|Introducing Wikipedia to Kusaal Language Teachers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/KWASU Fan Club Leads the Way in 21st Century Learning with Wiki in School Program|KWASU Fan Club Leads the Way in 21st Century Learning with Wiki in School Program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/On-line Courses for Educators in Poland|On-line Courses for Educators in Poland]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Online meeting of Ukrainian educators working with Wikipedia – four perspectives|Online meeting of Ukrainian educators working with Wikipedia – four perspectives]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Wikiclubs Editathon in Elbasan, Albania |Wikiclubs Editathon in Elbasan, Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Wikipedia at the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad|Wikipedia at the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Wikipedia at the University of Łódź Information Management Conference|Wikipedia at the University of Łódź Information Management Conference]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २२:१२, २३ मे २०२३ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=24999562 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-22</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W22"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/22|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Citations can once again be added automatically from ISBNs, thanks to Zotero's ISBN searches. The current data sources are the Library of Congress (United States), the Bibliothèque nationale de France (French National Library), and K10plus ISBN (German repository). Additional data source searches can be [[mw:Citoid/Creating Zotero translators|proposed to Zotero]]. The ISBN labels in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]] will reappear later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336298#8859917] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The page [[{{#special:EditWatchlist}}]] now has "{{int:watchlistedit-normal-check-all}}" options to select all the pages within a namespace. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Watchlist edit - "check all" checkbox|voted #161 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334252] '''Problems''' * For a few days earlier this month, the "Add interlanguage link" item in the Tools menu did not work properly. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337081] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * VisualEditor will be switched to a new backend on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/small.dblist small] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/medium.dblist medium] wikis this week. Large wikis will follow in the coming weeks. This is part of the effort to move Parsoid into MediaWiki core. The change should have no noticeable effect on users, but if you experience any slow loading or other strangeness when using VisualEditor, please report it on the phabricator ticket linked here. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320529] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W22"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०३:४९, ३० मे २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25079963 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-23</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/23|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:RealMe|RealMe]] extension allows you to mark URLs on your user page as verified for Mastodon and similar software. * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] Citation and footnote editing can now be started from the reference list when using the visual editor. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Citations/Allow citations to be edited in the references section with VisualEditor|voted #2 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T54750] * Previously, clicking on someone else's link to Recent Changes with filters applied within the URL could unintentionally change your preference for "{{int:Rcfilters-group-results-by-page}}". This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T202916#8874081] '''Problems''' * For a few days last week, some tools and bots returned outdated information due to database replication problems, and may have been down entirely while it was being fixed. These issues have now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337446] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Bots will no longer be prevented from making edits because of URLs that match the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SpamBlacklist|spam blacklist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313107] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W23"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:३७, ६ जुन २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25114640 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-24</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/24|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The content attribution tools [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Who Wrote That?|Who Wrote That?]], [[xtools:authorship|XTools Authorship]], and [[xtools:blame|XTools Blame]] now support the Dutch, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Japanese, Polish and Portuguese Wikipedias. This was the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Extend "Who Wrote That?" tool to more wikis|#7 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334891] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Data Across Wikimedia/Search Improvements#Search Preview panel|Search Preview panel]] has been deployed on four Wikipedias (Catalan, Dutch, Hungarian and Norwegian). The panel will show an image related to the article (if existing), the top sections of the article, related images (coming from MediaSearch on Commons), and eventually the sister projects associated with the article. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306341] * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:RealMe#Verifying_a_link_on_non-user_pages|RealMe]] extension now allows administrators to verify URLs for any page, for Mastodon and similar software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T324937] * The default project license [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimediaannounce-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7G6XPWZPQFLZ2JANN3ZX6RT4DVUI3HZQ/ has been officially upgraded] to CC BY-SA 4.0. The software interface messages have been updated. Communities should feel free to start updating any mentions of the old CC BY-SA 3.0 licensing within policies and related documentation pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319064] '''Problems''' * For three days last month, some Wikipedia pages edited with VisualEditor or DiscussionTools had an unintended <code><nowiki>__TOC__</nowiki></code> (or its localized form) added during an edit. There is [[mw:Parsoid/Deployments/T336101_followup|a listing of affected pages sorted by wiki]], that may still need to be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336101] * Currently, the "{{int:Visualeditor-dialog-meta-categories-defaultsort-label}}" feature in VisualEditor is broken. Existing <code><nowiki>{{DEFAULTSORT:...}}</nowiki></code> keywords incorrectly appear as missing templates in VisualEditor. Developers are exploring how to fix this. In the meantime, those wishing to edit the default sortkey of a page are advised to switch to source editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337398] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Last week, an update to the delete form may have broken some gadgets or user scripts. If you need to manipulate (empty) the reason field, replace <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>#wpReason</code></bdi> with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr" style="white-space: nowrap;"><code>#wpReason > input</code></bdi>. See [https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3AGadget-CleanDeleteReasons.js&diff=22859956&oldid=12794189 an example fix]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337809] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * VisualEditor will be switched to a new backend on English Wikipedia on Monday, and all other [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/large.dblist large] wikis on Thursday. The change should have no noticeable effect on users, but if you experience any slow loading or other strangeness when using VisualEditor, please report it on the phabricator ticket linked here. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320529] '''Future changes''' * From 5 June to 17 July, the Foundation's [[:mw:Wikimedia Security Team|Security team]] is holding a consultation with contributors regarding a draft policy to govern the use of third-party resources in volunteer-developed gadgets and scripts. Feedback and suggestions are warmly welcome at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Third-party resources policy|Third-party resources policy]] on meta-wiki. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W24"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २०:३७, १२ जुन २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25133779 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-25</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/25|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Flame graphs are now available in WikimediaDebug. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JXNQD3EHG5V5QW5UXFDPSHQG4MJ3FWJQ/][https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2023/06/08/flame-graphs-arrive-in-wikimediadebug/] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. * There is now a toolbar search popup in the visual editor. You can trigger it by typing <code>\</code> or pressing <code>ctrl + shift + p</code>. It can help you quickly access most tools in the editor. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Visual_editor_toolbar_search_feature.png][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T66905] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W25"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:५४, २० जुन २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25159510 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-26</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/26|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Action API modules and Special:LinkSearch will now add a trailing <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>/</code></bdi> to all <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>prop=extlinks</code></bdi> responses for bare domains. This is part of the work to remove duplication in the <code>externallinks</code> database table. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337994] '''Problems''' * Last week, search was broken on Commons and Wikidata for 23 hours. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T339810][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-06-18_search_broken_on_wikidata_and_commons] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Minerva skin now applies more predefined styles to the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>.mbox-text</code></bdi> CSS class. This enables support for mbox templates that use divs instead of tables. Please make sure that the new styles won't affect other templates in your wiki. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/skins/MinervaNeue/+/930901/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T339040] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadgets will now load on both desktop and mobile by default. Previously, gadgets loaded only on desktop by default. Changing this default using the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>|targets=</code></bdi> parameter is also deprecated and should not be used. You should make gadgets work on mobile or disable them based on the skin (with the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>|skins=</code></bdi> parameter in <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition</bdi>) rather than whether the user uses the mobile or the desktop website. Popular gadgets that create errors on mobile will be disabled by developers on the Minerva skin as a temporary solution. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T127268] * All namespace tabs now have the same browser [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Keyboard_shortcuts|access key]] by default. Previously, custom and extension-defined namespaces would have to have their access keys set manually on-wiki, but that is no longer necessary. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T22126] * The review form of the Flagged Revisions extension now uses the standardized [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|user interface components]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156] '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] How media is structured in the parser's HTML output will change in the coming weeks at [[:wikitech:Deployments/Train#Thursday|group2 wikis]]. This change improves the accessibility of content. You may need to update your site-CSS, or userscripts and gadgets. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Media_structure/FAQ|details on what code to check, how to update the code, and where to report any related problems]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314318] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W26"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २२:०४, २६ जुन २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25202311 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-27</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/27|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the rolling out of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Multimedia and Commons/Audio links that play on click|audio links that play on click]] wishlist proposal, [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/small.dblist small wikis] will now be able to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline audio player mode|inline audio player]] that is implemented by the [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] extension. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336763] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] From this week all gadgets automatically load on mobile and desktop sites. If you see any problems with gadgets on your wikis, please adjust the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|gadget options]] in your gadget definitions file. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328610] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W27"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:३६, ४ जुलाई २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25231546 --> == This Month in Education: June 2023 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 12 • Issue 5 • June 2023</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/Africa Day 2023: Abuja Teachers celebrates|Africa Day 2023: Abuja Teachers celebrates]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/From editing articles to civic power – Wikimedia UK's research on democracy and Wikipedia|From editing articles to civic power – Wikimedia UK's research on democracy and Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Program in Yemen Brings Positive Impact to Yemeni Teachers|Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Program in Yemen Brings Positive Impact to Yemeni Teachers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/Using Wikipedia in education: students' and teachers' view|Using Wikipedia in education: students' and teachers' view]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/The Journey of Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Lagos State|The Journey of Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Lagos State]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/WMB goes to Serbia |WMB goes to Serbia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/But we don't want it to end!|But we don't want it to end!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १४:२९, ४ जुलाई २०२३ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=25147408 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-28</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W28"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/28|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Data Across Wikimedia/Section-level Image Suggestions|Section-level Image Suggestions feature]] has been deployed on seven Wikipedias (Portuguese, Russian, Indonesian, Catalan, Hungarian, Finnish and Norwegian Bokmål). The feature recommends images for articles on contributors' watchlists that are a good match for individual sections of those articles. * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global AbuseFilter|Global abuse filters]] have been enabled on all Wikimedia projects, except English and Japanese Wikipedias (who opted out). This change was made following a [[:m:Requests for comment/Make global abuse filters opt-out|global request for comments]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341159] * [[{{#special:BlockedExternalDomains}}]] is a new tool for administrators to help fight spam. It provides a clearer interface for blocking plain domains (and their subdomains), is more easily searchable, and is faster for the software to process for each edit on the wiki. It does not support regex (for complex cases), nor URL path-matching, nor the [[MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist|MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist]], but otherwise it replaces most of the functionalities of the existing [[MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist|MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist]]. There is a Python script to help migrate all simple domains into this tool, and more feature details, within [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:BlockedExternalDomains|the tool's documentation]]. It is available at all wikis except for Meta-wiki, Commons, and Wikidata. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337431] * The WikiEditor extension was updated. It includes some of the most frequently used features of wikitext editing. In the past, many of its messages could only be translated by administrators, but now all regular translators on translatewiki can translate them. Please check [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=ext-wikieditor&messages=&x=D#sortable:0=asc the state of WikiEditor localization into your language], and if the "Completion" for your language shows anything less than 100%, please complete the translation. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-ambassadors@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/D4YELU2DXMZ75PGELUOKXXMFF3FH45XA/ a more detailed explanation]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The default protocol of [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]] and API counterparts has changed from http to both http and https. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T14810] * [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]] and its API counterparts will now search for all of the URL provided in the query. It used to be only the first 60 characters. This feature was requested fifteen years ago. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T17218] '''Future changes''' * There is an experiment with a [[:w:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] plugin. This is to show users where the information is coming from when they read information from Wikipedia. It has been tested by Wikimedia Foundation staff and other Wikimedians. Soon all ChatGPT plugin users can use the Wikipedia plugin. This is the same plugin which was mentioned in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Tech News 2023/20]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI] * There is an ongoing discussion on a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Third-party resources policy|proposed Third-party resources policy]]. The proposal will impact the use of third-party resources in gadgets and userscripts. Based on the ideas received so far, policy includes some of the risks related to user scripts and gadgets loading third-party resources, some best practices and exemption requirements such as code transparency and inspectability. Your feedback and suggestions are warmly welcome until July 17, 2023 on [[m:Talk:Third-party resources policy|on the policy talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/28|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W28"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:३९, ११ जुलाई २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25278797 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-29</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W29"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/29|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] We are now serving 1% of all global user traffic from [[:en:Kubernetes|Kubernetes]] (you can [[wikitech:MediaWiki On Kubernetes|read more technical details]]). We are planning to increment this percentage regularly. You can [[phab:T290536|follow the progress of this work]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:System_message|system messages]] will now look for available local fallbacks, instead of always using the default fallback defined by software. This means wikis no longer need to override each language on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback_languages|fallback chain]] separately. For example, English Wikipedia doesn't have to create <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>en-ca</code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>en-gb</code></bdi> subpages with a transclusion of the base pages anymore. This makes it easier to maintain local overrides. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T229992] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>action=growthsetmentorstatus</code></bdi> API will be deprecated with the new MediaWiki version. Bots or scripts calling that API should use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>action=growthmanagementorlist</code></bdi> API now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321503] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W29"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:५३, १८ जुलाई २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25289122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-30</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W30"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/30|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] On July 18, the Wikimedia Foundation launched a survey about the [[:mw:Technical_decision_making|technical decision making process]] for people who do technical work that relies on software that is maintained by the Foundation or affiliates. If this applies to you, [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/885471 please take part in the survey]. The survey will be open for three weeks, until August 7. You can find more information in [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/Q7DUCFA75DXG3G2KHTO7CEWMLCYTSDB2/|the announcement e-mail on wikitech-l]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/30|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W30"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०८:०५, २५ जुलाई २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25332248 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-31</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W31"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/31|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Synchronizer|Synchronizer]] tool is now available to keep Lua modules synced across Wikimedia wikis, along with [[mw:Multilingual Templates and Modules|updated documentation]] to develop global Lua modules and templates. * The tag filter on [[{{#special:NewPages}}]] and revision history pages can now be inverted. For example, you can hide edits that were made using an automated tool. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334337][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334338] * The Wikipedia [[:w:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] plugin experiment can now be used by ChatGPT users who can use plugins. You can participate in a [[:m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future Audiences#Announcing monthly Future Audiences open "office hours"|video call]] if you want to talk about this experiment or similar work. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI] '''Problems''' * It was not possible to generate a PDF for pages with non-Latin characters in the title, for the last two weeks. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342442] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Starting on Tuesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]" ({{int:project-localized-name-kawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kaawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kabwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kbdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kbpwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-knwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kshwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kwwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308135] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/31|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W31"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:३९, १ अगस्ट २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25362228 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-32</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W32"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/32|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Mobile Web editors can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced_mobile_contributions#August_1,_2023_-_Full-page_editing_added_on_mobile|edit a whole page at once]]. To use this feature, turn on "{{int:Mobile-frontend-mobile-option-amc}}" in your settings and use the "{{int:Minerva-page-actions-editfull}}" button in the "{{int:Minerva-page-actions-overflow}}" menu. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T203151] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/32|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W32"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०३:०६, ८ अगस्ट २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25420038 --> == This Month in Education: July 2023 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 12 • Issue 7 • July 2023</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Wikimedia Kaduna Connect Campaign|Wikimedia Kaduna Connect Campaign]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Wikimedia Serbia published a paper Promoting Equity in Access to Open Knowledge: An Example of the Wikipedia Educational Program|Wikimedia Serbia published a paper Promoting Equity in Access to Open Knowledge: An Example of the Wikipedia Educational Program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Wikimedia and Education Kailali Multiple campus|Wikimedia and Education Kailali Multiple campus]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/WikiCamp in Istog, Kosovo: Promoting Knowledge and Nature Appreciation|WikiCamp in Istog, Kosovo: Promoting Knowledge and Nature Appreciation]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Wiki at the Brazilian National History Symposium|Wiki at the Brazilian National History Symposium]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/US & Canada program reaches 100M words added |US & Canada program reaches 100M words added]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Renewed Community Wikiconference brought together experienced Wikipedians and newcomers|Renewed Community Wikiconference brought together experienced Wikipedians and newcomers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Kusaal Wikipedia Workshop at Ajumako Campus, University of Education, Winneba|Kusaal Wikipedia Workshop at Ajumako Campus, University of Education, Winneba]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Join us to celebrate the Kiwix4Schools Africa Mentorship Program Graduation Ceremony|Join us to celebrate the Kiwix4Schools Africa Mentorship Program Graduation Ceremony]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Activities that took place during the presentation of the WikiEducation book|Activities that took place during the presentation of the WikiEducation book. Educational practices and experiences in Mexico with Wikipedia and other open resources in Xalala, Veracruz from the Wikimedia Mexico Education Program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/62+ Participants Graduates from the Kiwix4Schools Africa Mentorship Program|62+ Participants Graduates from the Kiwix4Schools Africa Mentorship Program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/“Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” course launched in Ukraine|“Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” course launched in Ukraine]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/OFWA and Goethe Institute Host Wiki Skills For Librarians Workshop-Ghana|OFWA and Goethe Institute Host Wiki Skills For Librarians Workshop-Ghana]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २१:१८, १४ अगस्ट २०२३ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=25457946 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-33</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W33"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/33|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The Content translation system is no longer using Youdao's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Content_translation/Translating/Initial_machine_translation|machine translation service]]. The service was in place for several years, but due to no usage, and availability of alternatives, it was deprecated to reduce maintenance overheads. Other services which cover the same languages are still available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329137] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]" ({{int:project-localized-name-lawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ladwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lbewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lezwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lfnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-liwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lijwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lmowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ltgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-maiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-map_bmswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mdfwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kywiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308136] <!-- TODO replace wiki codes --> '''Future changes''' * A few gadgets/user scripts which add icons to the Minerva skin need to have their CSS updated. There are more details available including a [[phab:T344067|search for all existing instances and how to update them]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/33|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W33"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ११:४५, १५ अगस्ट २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25428668 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-34</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W34"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/34|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [https://gdrive-to-commons.toolforge.org/ GDrive to Commons Uploader] tool is now available. It enables [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GDrive to Commons Uploader|securely selecting and uploading files]] from your Google Drive directly to Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267868] * From now on, we will announce new Wikimedia wikis in Tech News, so you can update any tools or pages. ** Since the last edition, two new wikis have been created: *** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q7121294|Pa'O]] ([[wikt:blk:|<code>wikt:blk:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343540] *** a Wikisource in [[d:Q34002|Sundanese]] ([[s:su:|<code>s:su:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343539] ** To catch up, the next most recent six wikis are: *** Wikifunctions ([[f:|<code>f:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275945] *** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q2891049|Mandailing]] ([[wikt:btm:|<code>wikt:btm:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335216] *** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q5555465|Ghanaian Pidgin]] ([[w:gpe:|<code>w:gpe:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335969] *** a Wikinews in [[d:Q3111668|Gungbe]] ([[n:guw:|<code>n:guw:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334394] *** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q33522|Kabardian]] ([[wikt:kbd:|<code>wikt:kbd:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333266] *** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q35570|Fante]] ([[w:fat:|<code>w:fat:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335016] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-22|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-23|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-24|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There is an existing [[mw:Stable interface policy|stable interface policy]] for MediaWiki backend code. There is a [[mw:User:Jdlrobson/Stable interface policy/frontend|proposed stable interface policy for frontend code]]. This is relevant for anyone who works on gadgets or Wikimedia frontend code. You can read it, discuss it, and let the proposer know if there are any problems. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344079] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/34|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W34"/> </div> २१:१०, २१ अगस्ट २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25497111 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-35</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W35"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/35|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|better diff handling of paragraph splits]], improved detection of splits is being rolled out. Over the last two weeks, we deployed this support to [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Groups|group0]] and group1 wikis. This week it will be deployed to group2 wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341754] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] All [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] pages now show the user's local edit count and the account's creation date. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T324166] * Wikisource users can now use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>prpbengalicurrency</code></bdi> label to denote Bengali currency characters as page numbers inside the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><pagelist></nowiki></code></bdi> tag. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268932] * Two preferences have been relocated. The preference "{{int:visualeditor-preference-visualeditor}}" is now shown on the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|"{{int:prefs-editing}}" tab]] at all wikis. Previously it was shown on the "{{int:prefs-betafeatures}}" tab at some wikis. The preference "{{int:visualeditor-preference-newwikitexteditor-enable}}" is now also shown on the "{{int:prefs-editing}}" tab at all wikis, instead of the "{{int:prefs-betafeatures}}" tab. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335056][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344158] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-29|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-30|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-31|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] New signups for a Wikimedia developer account will start being pushed towards <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[https://idm.wikimedia.org/ idm.wikimedia.org]</bdi>, rather than going via Wikitech. [[wikitech:IDM|Further information about the new system is available]]. * All right-to-left language wikis, plus Korean, Armenian, Ukrainian, Russian, and Bulgarian Wikipedias, will have a link in the sidebar that provides a short URL of that page, using the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]]. This feature will come to more wikis in future weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267921] '''Future changes''' * The removal of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DoubleWiki|DoubleWiki extension]] is being discussed. This extension currently allows Wikisource users to view articles from multiple language versions side by side when the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><=></code></bdi> symbol next to a specific language edition is selected. Comments on this are welcomed at [[phab:T344544|the phabricator task]]. * A proposal has been made to merge the second hidden-categories list (which appears below the wikitext editing form) with the main list of categories (which is further down the page). [[phab:T340606|More information is available on Phabricator]]; feedback is welcome! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/35|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W35"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> १९:४५, २८ अगस्ट २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25510866 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-36</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W36"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/36|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[m:Wikisource_EditInSequence|EditInSequence]], a feature that allows users to edit pages faster on Wikisource has been moved to a Beta Feature based on community feedback. To enable it, you can navigate to the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features tab in Preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308098] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Generate Audio for IPA|Generate Audio for IPA]] and [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Multimedia and Commons/Audio links that play on click|Audio links that play on click]] wishlist proposals, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline_audio_player_mode|inline audio player mode]] of [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] has been deployed to all projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336763] * There is a new option for Administrators when they are changing the usergroups for a user, to add the user’s user page to their watchlist. This works both via [[{{#special:UserRights}}]] and via the API. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272294] * One new wiki has been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q34318|Talysh]] ([[w:tly:|<code>w:tly:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345166] '''Problems''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:LoginNotify|LoginNotify extension]] was not sending notifications since January. It has now been fixed, so going forward, you may see notifications for failed login attempts, and successful login attempts from a new device. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344785] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]" ({{int:project-localized-name-mhrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-miwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-minwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mtwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mwlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-myvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mznwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nahwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-napwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ndswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nds_nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-novwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nqowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nrmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nsowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ocwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-olowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-omwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-orwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-oswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pagwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-papwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pcdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pdcwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pflwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pihwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pmswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pnbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pntwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pswiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308137][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308138] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/36|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W36"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:१९, ५ सेप्टेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25566983 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-37</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W37"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/37|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ORES|ORES]], the revision evaluation service, is now using a new open-source infrastructure on all wikis except for English Wikipedia and Wikidata. These two will follow this week. If you notice any unusual results from the Recent Changes filters that are related to ORES (for example, "{{int:ores-rcfilters-damaging-title}}" and "{{int:ores-rcfilters-goodfaith-title}}"), please [[mw:Talk:Machine Learning|report them]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342115] * When you are logged in on one Wikimedia wiki and visit a different Wikimedia wiki, the system tries to log you in there automatically. This has been unreliable for a long time. You can now visit the login page to make the system try extra hard. If you feel that made logging in better or worse than it used to be, your feedback is appreciated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326281] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Technical decision making|Technical Decision-Making Forum Retrospective]] team invites anyone involved in the technical field of Wikimedia projects to signup to and join [[mw:Technical decision making/Listening Sessions|one of their listening sessions]] on 13 September. Another date will be scheduled later. The goal is to improve the technical decision-making processes. * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|Better diff handling of paragraph splits]] wishlist proposal, the inline switch widget in diff pages is being rolled out this week to all wikis. The inline switch will allow viewers to toggle between a unified inline or two-column diff wikitext format. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336716] '''Future changes''' * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on 20 September. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This is planned at 14:00 UTC.]] More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345263] * The Enterprise API is launching a new feature called "[http://breakingnews-beta.enterprise.wikimedia.com/ breaking news]". Currently in BETA, this attempts to identify likely "newsworthy" topics as they are currently being written about in any Wikipedia. Your help is requested to improve the accuracy of its detection model, especially on smaller language editions, by recommending templates or identifiable editing patterns. See more information at [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/Breaking news|the documentation page]] on MediaWiki or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/FAQ#What is Breaking News|the FAQ]] on Meta. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/37|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W37"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:५३, १२ सेप्टेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25589064 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-38</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W38"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/38|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki now has a [[mw:Stable interface policy/frontend|stable interface policy for frontend code]] that more clearly defines how we deprecate MediaWiki code and wiki-based code (e.g. gadgets and user scripts). Thank you to everyone who contributed to the content and discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T346467][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344079] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on September 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This is planned at 14:00 UTC.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345263] * All wikis will have a link in the sidebar that provides a short URL of that page, using the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267921] '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The team investigating the Graph Extension posted [[mw:Extension:Graph/Plans#Proposal|a proposal for reenabling it]] and they need your input. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/38|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W38"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:०५, १९ सेप्टेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25623533 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-39</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W39"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The Vector 2022 skin will now remember the pinned/unpinned status for the Table of Contents for all logged-out users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316060] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.28|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mediawiki.ui</nowiki></code></bdi> modules are now deprecated as part of the move to Vue.js and Codex. There is a [[mw:Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. More [[phab:T346468|details are available in the task]] and your questions are welcome there. * Gadget definitions will have a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|new "namespaces" option]]. The option takes a list of namespace IDs. Gadgets that use this option will only load on pages in the given namespaces. '''Future changes''' * New variables will be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]]: <code><bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">global_account_groups</bdi></code> and <code><bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">global_account_editcount</bdi></code>. They are available only when an account is being created. You can use them to prevent blocking automatic creation of accounts when users with many edits elsewhere visit your wiki for the first time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345632][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Rules_format] '''Meetings''' * You can join the next meeting with the Wikipedia mobile apps teams. During the meeting, we will discuss the current features and future roadmap. The meeting will be on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1698426015 27 October at 17:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Office_Hours#October_2023|details and how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W39"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २२:३६, २६ सेप्टेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25655264 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-40</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W40"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/40|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a new [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-advancedrendering|user preference]] for "{{int:tog-forcesafemode}}". This setting will make pages load without including any on-wiki JavaScript or on-wiki stylesheet pages. It can be useful for debugging broken JavaScript gadgets. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342347] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget definitions now have a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|new "<var>contentModels</var>" option]]. The option takes a list of page content models, like <code><bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">wikitext</bdi></code> or <code><bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">css</bdi></code>. Gadgets that use this option will only load on pages with the given content models. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.29|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-03|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-04|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-05|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Vector 2022 skin will no longer use the custom styles and scripts of Vector legacy (2010). The change will be made later this year or in early 2024. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Loading Vector 2010 scripts|how to adjust the CSS and JS pages on your wiki]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331679] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/40|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W40"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:१२, ३ अक्टोबर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25686930 --> == ५०,००० लेख प्रतियोगिता == <div style="color:#c9c6bd; box-shadow: 0 20px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.900); border-radius: 20px;"> <div style="position: relative; background: #DC143C; width: 100%; padding:5px;"> <div style="text-align:center; font-size: 36px; margin-top: 15px;margin-left: 26px; font-family: 'Verdana'; line-height: 1.5em;">नमस्ते, <span style="color: #ebe6d8">'''{{safesubst:<noinclude />BASEPAGENAME}}'''ज्यू!</span> तपाईंलाई नयाँ '''{{Uline|c=#ebe6d8|{{Coloredlink|#ebe6d8|विकिपिडिया:५० हजार लेखहरू|५०,००० लेख प्रतियोगिता}}}}'''मा सामेल हुन हार्दिक निमन्त्रणा गरिन्छ</div> <div style="font-size:20px; color: #c9c6bd; padding: 20px;margin-left: 26px; text-align: center;">सबैभन्दा पहिले, नेपाली विकिपिडियामा योगदान गर्नुभएकोमा धन्यवाद। तपाईंलाई नयाँ ५०,००० लेख प्रतियोगितामा सामेल हुन आमन्त्रित गरिएको छ, एउटा चुनौतीपूर्ण प्रतिस्पर्धा जसले लगभग १७,८०० लेख सिर्जनाहरू गर्ने लक्ष्य राखेको छ। सबै विषयहरूका लेखहरू स्वागत छन्। यदि इच्छुक हुनुहुन्छ भने '''{{Coloredlink|#ebe6d8|विकिपिडिया:५० हजार लेखहरू|यो पृष्ठमा}}''' सामेल हुनुहोस् र योगदान गर्न सुरु गर्नुहोस्!</div> </div></div> धन्यवाद - [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) १९:१९, ३ अक्टोबर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:बडा काजी@newiki using the list at https://ne.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%AD&oldid=1171544 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-41</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W41"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/41|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q33291|Fon]] ([[w:fon:|<code>w:fon:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347935] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.30|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-10|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-11|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-12|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]" ({{int:project-localized-name-swwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-wawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-warwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-wowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xalwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xhwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xmfwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-yiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-yowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zeawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zh_min_nanwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zuwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308139] * At some wikis, newcomers are suggested images from Commons to add to articles without any images. Starting on Tuesday, newcomers at these wikis will be able to add images to unillustrated article sections. The specific wikis are listed under "Images recommendations" [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment table|at the Growth team deployment table]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add an image|learn more about this feature.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345940] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] In the mobile web skin (Minerva) the CSS ID <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>#page-actions</nowiki></code></bdi> will be replaced with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>#p-views</nowiki></code></bdi>. This change is to make it consistent with other skins and to improve support for gadgets and extensions in the mobile skin. A few gadgets may need to be updated; there are [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348267 details and search-links in the task]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/41|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W41"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २०:२४, ९ अक्टोबर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25712895 --> == This Month in Education: September 2023 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 12 • Issue 7 • September 2023</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Inauguration of the Kent Wiki Club at the Wikimania 2023 Conference|Inauguration of the Kent Wiki Club at the Wikimania 2023 Conference]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Letter Magic: Supercharging Your WikiEducation Programs|Letter Magic: Supercharging Your WikiEducation Programs]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Réseau @pprendre (Learning Network) : The Initiative for Educational Change in Francophone West Africa|Réseau @pprendre (Learning Network) : The Initiative for Educational Change in Francophone West Africa]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/WikiChallenge Ecoles d’Afrique closes its 5th edition with 13 winning schools|WikiChallenge Ecoles d’Afrique closes its 5th edition with 13 winning schools]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/WikiConecta: connecting Brazilian university professors and Wikimedia|WikiConecta: connecting Brazilian university professors and Wikimedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Wikimedia Germany launches interactive event series Open Source AI in Education |Wikimedia Germany launches interactive event series Open Source AI in Education]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १०:४६, १० अक्टोबर २०२३ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=25700976 --> == Image Description Month in India Campaign == Dear Wikimedian, A2K has conducted an online activity or campaign which is an ongoing Image Description Month in India description-a-thon, a collaborative effort known as [[:m:Image Description Month|Image Description Month]]. This initiative aims to enhance image-related content across Wikimedia projects and is currently underway, running from October 1st to October 31st, 2023. Throughout this event, our focus remains centered on three primary areas: Wikipedia, Wikidata, and Wikimedia Commons. We have outlined several tasks, including the addition of captions to images on Wikipedia, the association of images with relevant Wikidata items, and improvements in the organization, categorization, and captions of media files on Wikimedia Commons. To participate, please visit our dedicated [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/Image Description Month in India|event page]]. We encourage you to sign up on the respective meta page and generously contribute your time and expertise to make essential and impactful edits. Should you have any questions or require further information, please do not hesitate to reach out to me at nitesh@cis-india.org or [[User talk:Nitesh (CIS-A2K)|Nitesh (CIS-A2K)]]. Your active participation will play a significant role in enriching Wikimedia content, making it more accessible and informative for users worldwide. Join us in this ongoing journey of improvement and collaboration. Regards [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) २१:५४, १० अक्टोबर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Nitesh (CIS-A2K)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Satpal_(CIS-A2K)/Mahatma_Gandhi_2020_edit-a-thon_Participants&oldid=20516231 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-42</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W42"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/42|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|Unified login]] system's edge login should now be fixed for some browsers (Chrome, Edge, Opera). This means that if you visit a new sister project wiki, you should be logged in automatically without the need to click "Log in" or reload the page. Feedback on whether it's working for you is welcome. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347889] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Interface/Edit_notice|Edit notices]] are now available within the MobileFrontend/Minerva skin. This feature was inspired by [[w:en:Wikipedia:EditNoticesOnMobile|the gadget on English Wikipedia]]. See more details in [[phab:T316178|T316178]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * In 3 weeks, in the Vector 2022 skin, code related to <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>addPortletLink</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>#p-namespaces</nowiki></code></bdi> that was deprecated one year ago will be removed. If you notice tools that should appear next to the "Discussion" tab are then missing, please tell the gadget's maintainers to see [[phab:T347907|instructions in the Phabricator task]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/42|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W42"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:३२, १७ अक्टोबर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25745824 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-43</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W43"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/43|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language engineering/Newsletter/2023/October|Language and internationalization newsletter]], written quarterly. It contains updates on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects, and related support work. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Source map support has been enabled on all wikis. When you open the debugger in your browser's developer tools, you should be able to see the unminified JavaScript source code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T47514] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/43|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W43"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:०१, २४ अक्टोबर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25782286 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-44</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W44"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/44|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The Structured Content team, as part of its project of [[:commons:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements|improving UploadWizard on Commons]], made some UX improvements to the upload step of choosing own vs not own work ([[phab:T347590|T347590]]), as well as to the licensing step for own work ([[phab:T347756|T347756]]). * The Design Systems team has released version 1.0.0 of [[wmdoc:codex/latest/|Codex]], the new design system for Wikimedia. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design_Systems_Team/Announcing_Codex_1.0|full announcement about the release of Codex 1.0.0]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Listings on category pages are sorted on each wiki for that language using a [[:w:en:International Components for Unicode|library]]. For a brief period on 2 November, changes to categories will not be sorted correctly for many languages. This is because the developers are upgrading to a new version of the library. They will then use a script to fix the existing categories. This will take a few hours or a few days depending on how big the wiki is. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Operations/ICU announcement|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345561][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267145] * Starting November 1, the impact module (Special:Impact) will be upgraded by the Growth team. The new impact module shows newcomers more data regarding their impact on the wiki. It was tested by a few wikis during the last few months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336203] '''Future changes''' * There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph/Plans#Roadmap|a proposed plan]] for re-enabling the Graph Extension. You can help by reviewing this proposal and [[mw:Extension_talk:Graph/Plans#c-PPelberg_(WMF)-20231020221600-Update:_20_October|sharing what you think about it]]. * The WMF is working on making it possible for administrators to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community_configuration_2.0|edit MediaWiki configuration directly]]. This is similar to previous work on Special:EditGrowthConfig. [[phab:T349757|A technical RfC is running until November 08, where you can provide feedback.]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/44|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W44"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:०६, ३१ अक्टोबर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25801989 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-45</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W45"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/45|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * In the Vector 2022 skin, the default font-size of a number of navigational elements (tagline, tools menu, navigational links, and more) has been increased slightly to match the font size used in page content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T346062] '''Problems''' * Last week, there was a problem displaying some recent edits on [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist a few wikis], for 1-6 hours. The edits were saved but not immediately shown. This was due to a database problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350443] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The Growth team will reassign newcomers from former mentors to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Structured mentor list|the currently active mentors]]. They have also changed the notification language to be more user-friendly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T330071][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327493] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/45|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W45"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:५१, ७ नोभेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25838105 --> == This Month in Education: October 2023 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Volume 12 • Issue 8 • October 2023</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/3 Generations at Wikipedia Education Program in Türkiye|3 Generations at Wikipedia Education Program in Türkiye]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/CBSUA Launches Wiki Education in Partnership with PhilWiki Community and Bikol Wikipedia Community|CBSUA Launches Wiki Education in Partnership with PhilWiki Community and Bikol Wikipedia Community]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Celebrating Wikidata’s Birthday in Elbasan|Celebrating Wikidata’s Birthday in Elbasan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Edu Wiki Camp 2023 - together in Sremski Karlovci|Edu Wiki Camp 2023 - together in Sremski Karlovci]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/PhilWiki Community promotes language preservation and cultural heritage advocacies at ADNU|PhilWiki Community promotes language preservation and cultural heritage advocacies at ADNU]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/PunjabWiki Education Program: A Wikipedia Adventure in Punjab|PunjabWiki Education Program: A Wikipedia Adventure in Punjab]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/WikiConference on Education ignites formation of Wikimedia communities|WikiConference on Education ignites formation of Wikimedia communities]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Wikimedia Estonia talked about education at CEE meeting in Tbilisi|Wikimedia Estonia talked about education at CEE meeting in Tbilisi]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Wikimedia in Brazil is going to be a book|Wikimedia in Brazil is going to be a book]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Wikipedian Editor Project: Arabic Sounds Workshop 2023|Wikipedian Editor Project: Arabic Sounds Workshop 2023]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १७:१९, ८ नोभेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=25784366 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-46</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W46"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/46|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Four new wikis have been created: ** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q7598268|Moroccan Amazigh]] ([[w:zgh:|<code>w:zgh:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350216] ** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q35159|Dagaare]] ([[w:dga:|<code>w:dga:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350218] ** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q33017|Toba Batak]] ([[w:bbc:|<code>w:bbc:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350320] ** a Wikiquote in [[d:Q33151|Banjar]] ([[q:bjn:|<code>q:bjn:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350217] '''Problems''' * Last week, users who previously visited Meta-Wiki or Wikimedia Commons and then became logged out on those wikis could not log in again. The problem is now resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350695] * Last week, some pop-up dialogs and menus were shown with the wrong font size. The problem is now resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350544] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * Reference Previews are coming to many wikis as a default feature. They are popups for references, similar to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|PagePreviews feature]]. [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Opt-out feature|You can opt out]] of seeing them. If you are [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|using the gadgets]] Reference Tooltips or Navigation Popups, you won’t see Reference Previews. [[phab:T282999|Deployment]] is planned for November 22, 2023. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Canary (also known as heartbeat) events will be produced into [https://stream.wikimedia.org/?doc#/streams Wikimedia event streams] from December 11. Streams users are advised to filter out these events, by discarding all events where <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>meta.domain == "canary"</nowiki></code></bdi>. Updates to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] or [https://github.com/ChlodAlejandro/wikimedia-streams wikimedia-streams] will discard these events by default. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T266798] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/46|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W46"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:३७, १४ नोभेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25859263 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-47</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W47"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]" ({{int:project-localized-name-quwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rmywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-roa_rupwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-roa_tarawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ruewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rwwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sahwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-satwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-shwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-siwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-skwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-slwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-smwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sqwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-srwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-srnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-stwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-stqwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-suwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-szlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tcywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tetwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-thwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-towiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tpiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ttwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-twwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tyvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-udmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ugwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-uzwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vecwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vepwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vlswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vowiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308141][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308142][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308143] * The Vector 2022 skin will have some minor visual changes to drop-down menus, column widths, and more. These changes were added to four Wikipedias last week. If no issues are found, these changes will proceed to all wikis this week. These changes will make it possible to add new menus for readability and dark mode. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Updates#November_2023:_Visual_changes,_more_deployments,_and_shifting_focus|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347711] '''Future changes''' * There is [[mw:Extension talk:Graph/Plans#Update: 15 November|an update on re-enabling the Graph Extension]]. To speed up the process, Vega 2 will not be supported and only [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335325 some protocols] will be available at launch. You can help by sharing what you think about the plan. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W47"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:४०, २१ नोभेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25884616 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-48</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W48"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/48|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). There is no new MediaWiki version next week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki's JavaScript system will now allow <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>async</code>/<code>await</code></bdi> syntax in gadgets and user scripts. Gadget authors should remember that users' browsers may not support it, so it should be used appropriately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343499] * The deployment of "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add_a_link|Add a link]]" announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|last week]] was postponed. It will resume this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/48|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W48"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:५४, २८ नोभेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25906379 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-49</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W49"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The spacing between paragraphs on Vector 2022 has been changed from 7px to 14px to match the size of the text. This will make it easier to distinguish paragraphs from sentences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T351754] * The "{{int:Visualeditor-dialog-meta-categories-defaultsort-label}}" feature in VisualEditor is working again. You no longer need to switch to source editing to edit <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{DEFAULTSORT:...}}</nowiki></code></bdi> keywords. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337398] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * On 6 December, people who have the enabled the preference for "{{int:Discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}" will notice the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|talk page usability improvements]] appear on pages that include the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>__NEWSECTIONLINK__</nowiki></code></bdi> magic word. If you notice any issues, please [[phab:T352232|share them with the team on Phabricator]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge [[wikitech:News/Toolforge Grid Engine deprecation|Grid Engine shutdown process]] will start on December 14. Maintainers of [[toolforge:grid-deprecation|tools that still use this old system]] should plan to migrate to Kubernetes, or tell the team your plans on Phabricator in the task about your tool, before that date. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/VIWWQKMSQO2ED3TVUR7KPPWRTOBYBVOA/] * Communities using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions|Structured Discussions]] are being contacted regarding [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|the upcoming deprecation of Structured Discussions]]. You can read more about this project, and share your comments, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|on the project's page]]. '''Events''' * Registration & Scholarship applications are now open for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2024|Wikimedia Hackathon 2024]] that will take place from 3–5 May in Tallinn, Estonia. Scholarship applications are open until 5 January 2024. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W49"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:३५, ५ डिसेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25914435 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-50</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W50"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * On Wikimedia Commons, there are some minor user-interface improvements for the "choosing own vs not own work" step in the UploadWizard. This is part of the Structured Content team's project of [[:commons:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements|improving UploadWizard on Commons]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352707][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352709] '''Problems''' * There was a problem showing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Newcomer homepage|Newcomer homepage]] feature with the "impact module" and their page-view graphs, for a few days in early December. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352352][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352349] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]] The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/796964 2023 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 5 January 2024, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:December_2023_Developer_Satisfaction_Survey|privacy statement]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W50"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:५७, १२ डिसेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25945501 --> == This Month in Education: November 2023 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 12 • Issue 9 • November 2023</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/4th WikiUNAM Editathon: Community knowledge strengthens education|4th WikiUNAM Editathon: Community knowledge strengthens education]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Edit-a-thon at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo|Edit-a-thon at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/EduWiki Nigeria Community: Embracing Digital Learning Through Wikipedia|EduWiki Nigeria Community: Embracing Digital Learning Through Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Evening Wikischool offers Czech seniors further education on Wikipedia|Evening Wikischool offers Czech seniors further education on Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Expansion of Wikipedia Education Program through Student Associations at Iranian Universities|Expansion of Wikipedia Education Program through Student Associations at Iranian Universities]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Exploring Wikipedia through Wikiclubs and the Wikeys board game in Albania |Exploring Wikipedia through Wikiclubs and the Wikeys board game in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/First anniversary of the game Wikeys|First anniversary of the game Wikeys]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Involve visiting students in education programs|Involve visiting students in education programs]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Iranian Students as Wikipedians: Using Wikipedia to Teach Research Methodology and Encyclopedic Writing|Iranian Students as Wikipedians: Using Wikipedia to Teach Research Methodology and Encyclopedic Writing]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Kiwix4Schools Nigeria: Bridging Knowledge Gap through Digital Literacy|Kiwix4Schools Nigeria: Bridging Knowledge Gap through Digital Literacy]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Lire wikipedia en classe à Djougou au Bénin|Lire wikipedia en classe à Djougou au Bénin]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Tyap Wikimedians Zaria Outreach|Tyap Wikimedians Zaria Outreach]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Art Outreach at Aje Compreshensive Senior High School 1st November 2023, Lagos Mainland|Art Outreach at Aje Comprehensive Senior High School 1st November 2023, Lagos Mainland]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/PhilWiki Community holds a meet-up to advocate women empowerment|PhilWiki Community holds a meet-up to advocate women empowerment]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १४:०९, १४ डिसेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=25919737 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2023-51</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2023-W51"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 8 January 2024 because of [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|the holidays]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). There is no new MediaWiki version next week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * Starting December 18, it won't be possible to activate Structured Discussions on a user's own talk page using the Beta feature. The Beta feature option remains available for users who want to deactivate Structured Discussions. This is part of [[mw:Structured Discussions/Deprecation|Structured Discussions' deprecation work]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248309] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There will be full support for redirects in the Module namespace. The "Move Page" feature will leave an appropriate redirect behind, and such redirects will be appropriately recognized by the software (e.g. hidden from [[{{#special:UnconnectedPages}}]]). There will also be support for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Renaming or moving modules|manual redirects]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120794] '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The MediaWiki JavaScript documentation is moving to a new format. During the move, you can read the old docs using [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/REL1_41/js/ version 1.41]. Feedback about [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/master/js/ the new site] is welcome on the [[mw:Talk:JSDoc_WMF_theme|project talk page]]. * The Wishathon is a new initiative that encourages collaboration across the Wikimedia community to develop solutions for wishes collected through the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]. The first community Wishathon will take place from 15–17 March. If you are interested in a project proposal as a user, developer, designer, or product lead, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WishathonMarch2024|register for the event and read more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2023-W51"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २२:०३, १८ डिसेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=25959059 --> == [[User:Kulchandra pyakurel|Kulchandra pyakurel]]बाट प्रश्न (००:०५, २० डिसेम्बर २०२३) == नमस्कार profile मा आफ्नो फोटो कसरी राख्ने --[[User:Kulchandra pyakurel|Kulchandra pyakurel]] ([[User talk:Kulchandra pyakurel|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) ००:०५, २० डिसेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) नमस्कार [[User:Kulchandra pyakurel|Kulchandra pyakurel]] तपाइले विकिमीडिया कमन्स [[यहाँ|https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard]] आफ्नो तस्विरहरु अपलोड जानुपर्ने छ र तपाईको आवश्यकता अनुसार [[file:filename]] राखी प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ [[User:Nawaraj Ghimire|Nawaraj Ghimire]] ([[User talk:Nawaraj Ghimire|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) १६:२०, २० डिसेम्बर २०२३ (नेपाली समय) :Ok [[User:Kulchandra pyakurel|Kulchandra pyakurel]] ([[User talk:Kulchandra pyakurel|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) २१:२४, १५ अक्टोबर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-02</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W02"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [https://mediawiki2latex.wmflabs.org/ mediawiki2latex] is a tool that converts wiki content into the formats of LaTeX, PDF, ODT, and EPUB. The code now runs many times faster due to recent improvements. There is also an optional Docker container you can [[b:de:Benutzer:Dirk_Hünniger/wb2pdf/install#Using_Docker|install]] on your local machine. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The way that Random pages are selected has been updated. This will slowly reduce the problem of some pages having a lower chance of appearing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309477] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W02"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:०५, ९ जनवरी २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26026251 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-03</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Pages that use the JSON [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:ContentHandler|contentmodel]] will now use tabs instead of spaces for auto-indentation. This will significantly reduce the page size. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326065] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] and personal user scripts may now use JavaScript syntax introduced in ES6 (also known as "ES2015") and ES7 ("ES2016"). MediaWiki validates the source code to protect other site functionality from syntax errors, and to ensure scripts are valid in all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Browsers|supported browsers]]. Previously, Gadgets could use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>requiresES6</nowiki></code></bdi> option. This option is no longer needed and will be removed in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T75714] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|Bot passwords]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|owner-only OAuth consumers]] can now be restricted to allow editing only specific pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T349957] * You can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Thanks|thank]] edits made by bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341388] * An update on the status of the Community Wishlist Survey for 2024 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Future Of The Wishlist/January 4, 2024 Update|has been published]]. Please read and give your feedback. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * Starting on January 17, it will not be possible to login to Wikimedia wikis from some specific old versions of the Chrome browser (versions 51–66, released between 2016 and 2018). Additionally, users of iOS 12, or Safari on Mac OS 10.14, may need to login to each wiki separately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344791] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>jquery.cookie</code></bdi> module was deprecated and replaced with the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mediawiki.cookie</code></bdi> module last year. A script has now been run to replace any remaining uses, and this week the temporary alias will be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354966] '''Future changes''' * Wikimedia Deutschland is working to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. They are looking for people who are interested in participating in [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ individual video calls for user research in January and February]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W03"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:५८, १६ जनवरी २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26074460 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-04</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * A bug in UploadWizard prevented linking to the userpage of the uploader when uploading. It has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354529] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W04"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:४९, २३ जनवरी २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26096197 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-05</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Starting Monday January 29, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they are looking for, even if this comment was moved elsewhere. This will affect all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. You can read more about this change [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/ on Diff] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk_pages_permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]].<!-- The Diff post will be published on Monday morning UTC--> [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302011] * There are some improvements to the CAPTCHA to make it harder for spam bots and scripts to bypass it. If you have feedback on this change, please comment on [[phab:T141490|the task]]. Staff are monitoring metrics related to the CAPTCHA, as well as secondary metrics such as account creations and edit counts. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] On February 1, a link will be added to the "Tools" menu to download a [[w:en:QR code|QR code]] that links to the page you are viewing. There will also be a new [[{{#special:QrCode}}]] page to create QR codes for any Wikimedia URL. This addresses the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Mobile and apps/Add ability to share QR code for a page in any Wikimedia project|#19 most-voted wish]] from the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Results|2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329973] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] which only work in some skins have sometimes used the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>targets</code></bdi> option to limit where you can use them. This will stop working this week. You should use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>skins</code></bdi> option instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328497] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W05"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:१६, ३० जनवरी २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26137870 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-06</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *The mobile site history pages now use the same HTML as the desktop history pages. If you hear of any problems relating to mobile history usage please point them to [[phab:T353388|the phabricator task]]. *On most wikis, admins can now block users from making specific actions. These actions are: uploading files, creating new pages, moving (renaming) pages, and sending thanks. The goal of this feature is to allow admins to apply blocks that are adequate to the blocked users' activity. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative/Partial blocks#action-blocks|Learn more about "action blocks"]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T242541][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280531] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * Talk pages permalinks that included diacritics and non-Latin script were malfunctioning. This issue is fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356199] '''Future changes''' * [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#24WPs|24 Wikipedias]] with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference_Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] as a default gadget are encouraged to remove that default flag. This would make [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference_Previews|Reference Previews]] the new default for reference popups, leading to a more consistent experience across wikis. For [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#46WPs|46 Wikipedias]] with less than 4 interface admins, the change is already scheduled for mid-February, [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference Previews to become the default for previewing references on more wikis.|unless there are concerns]]. The older Reference Tooltips gadget will still remain usable and will override this feature, if it is available on your wiki and you have enabled it in your settings. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference_Previews_to_become_the_default_for_previewing_references_on_more_wikis][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355312] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W06"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:०७, ६ फेब्रुअरी २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26180971 --> == This Month in Education: January 2024 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 13 • Issue 1 • January 2024</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Cross-Continental Wikimedia Activities: A Dialogue between Malaysia and Estonia|Cross-Continental Wikimedia Activities: A Dialogue between Malaysia and Estonia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Czech programme SWW in 2023 – how have we managed to engage students|Czech programme SWW in 2023 – how have we managed to engage students]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Extending Updates on Wikipedia in Education – Elbasan, Albania|Extending Updates on Wikipedia in Education – Elbasan, Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Teacher’s guide – now available in Bulgarian language|Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Teacher’s guide – now available in Bulgarian language]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Summer students at Auckland Museum|Summer students at Auckland Museum]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/WikiDunong: EduWiki Initiatives in the Philippines Project|WikiDunong: EduWiki Initiatives in the Philippines Project]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Wikimedia Armenia's Educational Workshops|Wikimedia Armenia's Educational Workshops]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Wikimedia Foundation publishes its first Child Rights Impact Assessment|Wikimedia Foundation publishes its first Child Rights Impact Assessment]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १५:४७, १० फेब्रुअरी २०२४ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=26091771 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-07</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split experiment]] is working and loaded onto 3 test servers. The team in charge is testing the split's impact and requires feedback from WDQS users through the UI or programmatically in different channels. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata_talk:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_graph_split][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356773][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Sannita_(WMF)] Users' feedback will validate the impact of various use cases and workflows around the Wikidata Query service. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_backend_update/October_2023_scaling_update][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikidata_Query_Service/User_Manual#Federation] '''Problems''' *There was a bug that affected the appearance of visited links when using mobile device to access wiki sites. It made the links appear black; [[phab:T356928|this issue]] is fixed. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] As work continues on the grid engine deprecation,[https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation] tools on the grid engine will be stopped starting on February 14th, 2024. If you have tools actively migrating you can ask for an extension so they are not stopped. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W07"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ११:३४, १३ फेब्रुअरी २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26223994 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-08</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * If you have the "{{int:Tog-enotifwatchlistpages}}" option enabled, edits by bot accounts no longer trigger notification emails. Previously, only minor edits would not trigger the notification emails. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356984] * There are changes to how user and site scripts load for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022| Vector 2022]] on specific wikis. The changes impacted the following Wikis: all projects with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector|Vector legacy]] as the default skin, Wikivoyage, and Wikibooks. Other wikis will be affected over the course of the next three months. Gadgets are not impacted. If you have been affected or want to minimize the impact on your project, see [[Phab:T357580| this ticket]]. Please coordinate and take action proactively. *Newly auto-created accounts (the accounts you get when you visit a new wiki) now have the same local notification preferences as users who freshly register on that wiki. It is effected in four notification types listed in the [[phab:T353225|task's description]]. *The maximum file size when using [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Upload_Wizard|Upload Wizard]] is now 5 GiB. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191804] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-20|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-21|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-22|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Selected tools on the grid engine have been [[wikitech:News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation|stopped]] as we prepare to shut down the grid on March 14th, 2024. The tool's code and data have not been deleted. If you are a maintainer and you want your tool re-enabled reach out to the [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support|team]]. Only tools that have asked for extension are still running on the grid. * The CSS <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter filter]</code></bdi> property can now be used in HTML <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>style</code></bdi> attributes in wikitext. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308160] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W08"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २१:२२, १९ फेब्रुअरी २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26254282 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-09</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile|mobile visual editor]] is now the default editor for users who never edited before, at a small group of wikis. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile/VE_mobile_default#A/B_test_results| Research ]] shows that users using this editor are slightly more successful publishing the edits they started, and slightly less successful publishing non-reverted edits. Users who defined the wikitext editor as their default on desktop will get the wikitext editor on mobile for their first edit on mobile as well. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352127] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Core modules#mw.config|mw.config]] value <code>wgGlobalGroups</code> now only contains groups that are active in the wiki. Scripts no longer have to check whether the group is active on the wiki via an API request. A code example of the above is: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>if (/globalgroupname/.test(mw.config.get("wgGlobalGroups")))</code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356008] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''Future changes''' * The right to change [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Tags|edit tags]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>changetags</code></bdi>) will be removed from users in Wikimedia sites, keeping it by default for admins and bots only. Your community can ask to retain the old configuration on your wiki before this change happens. Please indicate in [[phab:T355639|this ticket]] to keep it for your community before the end of March 2024. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W09"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:०८, २७ फेब्रुअरी २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26294125 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-10</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Special:Book</code></bdi> page (as well as the associated "Create a book" functionality) provided by the old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Collection|Collection extension]] has been removed from all Wikisource wikis, as it was broken. This does not affect the ability to download normal books, which is provided by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Wikisource|Wikisource extension]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358437] * [[m:Wikitech|Wikitech]] now uses the next-generation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] wikitext parser by default to generate all pages in the Talk namespace. Report any problems on the [[mw:Talk:Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Known_Issues|Known Issues discussion page]]. You can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration]] extension to control the use of Parsoid; see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration help documentation]] for more details. * Maintenance on [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org etherpad] is completed. If you encounter any issues, please indicate in [[phab:T316421|this ticket]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=| Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] allow interface admins to create custom features with CSS and JavaScript. The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Gadget</code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Gadget_definition</code></bdi> namespaces and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>gadgets-definition-edit</code></bdi> user right were reserved for an experiment in 2015, but were never used. These were visible on Special:Search and Special:ListGroupRights. The unused namespaces and user rights are now removed. No pages are moved, and no changes need to be made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T31272] * A usability improvement to the "Add a citation" in Wikipedia workflow has been made, the insert button was moved to the popup header. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354847] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''Future changes''' * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233] * The HTML markup of headings and section edit links will be changed later this year to improve accessibility. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Heading_HTML_changes|Heading HTML changes]] for details. The new markup will be the same as in the new Parsoid wikitext parser. You can test your gadget or stylesheet with the new markup if you add <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>?useparsoid=1</code></bdi> to your URL ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Selecting_a_parser_using_a_URL_query_string|more info]]) or turn on Parsoid read views in your user options ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Enabling_via_user_preference|more info]]). * '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W10"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:३२, ५ मार्च २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26329807 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-11</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * After consulting with various communities, the line height of the text on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] will be increased to its previous value of 1.65. Different options for typography can also be set using the options in the menu, as needed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358498] *The active link color in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva]] will be changed to provide more consistency with our other platforms and best practices. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358516] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Structured data|Structured data on Commons]] will no longer ask whether you want to leave the page without saving. This will prevent the “information you’ve entered may not be saved” popups from appearing when no information have been entered. It will also make file pages on Commons load faster in certain cases. However, the popups will be hidden even if information has indeed been entered. If you accidentally close the page before saving the structured data you entered, that data will be lost. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312315] '''Future changes''' * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W11"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:४९, १२ मार्च २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26374013 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-12</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The notice "Language links are at the top of the page" that appears in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]] main menu has been removed now that users have learned the new location of the Language switcher. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T353619] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP_Editing:_Privacy_Enhancement_and_Abuse_Mitigation/IP_Info_feature|IP info feature]] displays data from Spur, an IP addresses database. Previously, the only data source for this feature was MaxMind. Now, IP info is more useful for patrollers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341395] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge Grid Engine services have been shut down after the final migration process from Grid Engine to Kubernetes. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Obsolete:Toolforge/Grid][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation][https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2022/03/14/toolforge-and-grid-engine/] * Communities can now customize the default reasons for undeleting a page by creating [[MediaWiki:Undelete-comment-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326746] '''Problems''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] is an interface to interactively browse a page's history. Users in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider/Developing_a_RTL-accessible_feature_in_MediaWiki_-_what_we%27ve_learned_while_creating_the_RevisionSlider|right-to-left]] languages reported RevisionSlider reacting wrong to mouse clicks. This should be fixed now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352169] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1710943200 14:00 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W12"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २३:२५, १८ मार्च २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26410165 --> == This Month in Education: February 2024 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 13 • Issue 2 • February 2024</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/2 new courses in Students Write Wikipedia Starting this February|2 new courses in Students Write Wikipedia Starting this February]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/More two wiki-education partnerships|More two wiki-education partnerships]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Open Education Week 2024 in Mexico|Open Education Week 2024 in Mexico]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Reading Wikipedia in Bolivia, the community grows|Reading Wikipedia in Bolivia, the community grows]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Wiki Education Philippines promotes OERs utilization|Wiki Education Philippines promotes OERs utilization]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Wiki Loves Librarians, Kaduna|Wiki Loves Librarians, Kaduna]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Wiki Workshop 2024 CfP - Call for Papers Research track|Wiki Workshop 2024 CfP – Call for Papers Research track]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ००:२३, २१ मार्च २०२४ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=26310117 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-13</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] An update was made on March 18th 2024 to how various projects load site, user JavaScript and CSS in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]]. A [[phab:T360384|checklist]] is provided for site admins to follow. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W13"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ००:४२, २६ मार्च २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26446209 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-14</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|reading accessibility]] beta feature will notice that the default line height for the standard and large text options has changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359030] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''Future changes''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has an annual plan. The annual plan decides what the Wikimedia Foundation will work on. You can now read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product & Technology OKRs#Draft Key Results|the draft key results]] for the Product and Technology department. They are suggestions for what results the Foundation wants from big technical changes from July 2024 to June 2025. You can [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product & Technology OKRs|comment on the talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W14"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०९:२१, २ अप्रिल २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26462933 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Web browsers can use tools called [[:w:en:Browser extension|extensions]]. There is now a Chrome extension called [[m:Future Audiences/Experiment:Citation Needed|Citation Needed]] which you can use to see if an online statement is supported by a Wikipedia article. This is a small experiment to see if Wikipedia can be used this way. Because it is a small experiment, it can only be used in Chrome in English. * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit Recovery|Edit Recovery]] feature has been added to all wikis, available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user preference]]. Once you enable it, your in-progress edits will be stored in your web browser, and if you accidentally close an editing window or your browser or computer crashes, you will be prompted to recover the unpublished text. Please leave any feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Edit-recovery feature|project talk page]]. This was the #8 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey. * Initial results of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] experiments [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#4_April_2024|have been published]]. Edit Check is now deployed as a default feature at [[phab:T342930#9538364|the wikis that tested it]]. [[mw:Talk:Edit check|Let us know]] if you want your wiki to be part of the next deployment of Edit check. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342930][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361727] * Readers using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] on mobile will notice there has been an improvement in the line height across all typography settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359029] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * New accounts and logged-out users will get the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|visual editor]] as their default editor on mobile. This deployment is made at all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361134] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W15"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:२२, ९ अप्रिल २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26564838 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Between 2 April and 8 April, on wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|Flagged Revisions]], the "{{Int:tag-mw-reverted}}" tag was not applied to undone edits. In addition, page moves, protections and imports were not autoreviewed. This problem is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361918][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361940] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#DEFAULTSORT|Default category sort keys]] will now affect categories added by templates placed in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite|footnotes]]. Previously footnotes used the page title as the default sort key even if a different default sort key was specified (category-specific sort keys already worked). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40435] * A new variable <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>page_last_edit_age</code></bdi> will be added to [[Special:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]]. It tells how many seconds ago the last edit to a page was made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T269769] '''Future changes''' * Volunteer developers are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Four database fields will be removed from database replicas (including [[quarry:|Quarry]]). This affects only the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>abuse_filter</code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>abuse_filter_history</code></bdi> tables. Some queries might need to be updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361996] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W16"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:१४, १६ अप्रिल २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26564838 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Starting this week, newcomers editing Wikipedia [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Positive reinforcement#Leveling up 3|will be encouraged]] to try structured tasks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Newcomer tasks|Structured tasks]] have been shown to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Structured tasks/Add a link/Experiment analysis, December 2021|improve newcomer activation and retention]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348086] * You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|nominate your favorite tools]] for the fifth edition of the Coolest Tool Award. Nominations will be open until May 10. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''Future changes''' * This is the last warning that by the end of May 2024 the Vector 2022 skin will no longer share site and user scripts/styles with old Vector. For user-scripts that you want to keep using on Vector 2022, copy the contents of [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector.js]] to [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector-2022.js]]. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Loading Vector 2010 scripts|more technical details]] available. Interface administrators who foresee this leading to lots of technical support questions may wish to send a mass message to your community, as was done on French Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362701] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W17"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:१३, २३ अप्रिल २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26647188 --> == This Month in Education: March 2024 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 13 • Issue 3 • March 2024</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Reading Wikipedia in the classroom, Kaduna|Reading Wikipedia in the classroom, Kaduna]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Reading Wikipedia in Ukraine – the course for educators is now available on demand|Reading Wikipedia in Ukraine – the course for educators is now available on demand]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Wiki Movement Brazil will once again support the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad|Wiki Movement Brazil will once again support the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Wikipedia within the Education Setting in Albania|Wikipedia within the Education Setting in Albania]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १३:१३, २८ अप्रिल २०२४ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=26659969 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' [[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]] * The appearance of talk pages changed for the following wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-thwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}. These wikis participated to a test, where 50% of users got the new design, for one year. As this test [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Analysis|gave positive results]], the new design is deployed on these wikis as the default design. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] ("{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}"). The deployment will happen at all wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341491] * Seven new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[w:bew:|<code>w:bew:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357866] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35708|Kusaal]] ([[w:kus:|<code>w:kus:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359757] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35513|Igala]] ([[w:igl:|<code>w:igl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361644] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q33541|Karakalpak]] ([[wikt:kaa:|<code>wikt:kaa:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362135] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9228|Burmese]] ([[s:my:|<code>s:my:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361085] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[s:ms:|<code>s:ms:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363039] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q8108|Georgian]] ([[s:ka:|<code>s:ka:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363085] * You can now [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Support#Early_access:_Watch_Message_Groups_on_Translatewiki.net watch message groups/projects] on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/translatewiki.net|Translatewiki.net]]. Initially, this feature will notify you of added or deleted messages in these groups. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348501] * Dark mode is now available on all wikis, on mobile web for logged-in users who opt into the [[Special:MobileOptions|advanced mode]]. This is the early release of the feature. Technical editors are invited to [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ check for accessibility issues on wikis]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|more detailed guidelines]]. '''Problems''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can use an alternative visual style without labels, by using <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mapstyle="osm"</nowiki></code></bdi>. This wasn't working in previews, creating the wrong impression that it wasn't supported. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362531] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W18"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०९:१९, ३० अप्रिल २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26689057 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Reminder to vote now to select members of the first U4C</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear Wikimedian, You are receiving this message because you previously participated in the UCoC process. This is a reminder that the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) ends on May 9, 2024. Read the information on the [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility. The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ०४:३८, ३ मे २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_3&oldid=26721208 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' [[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]] * The appearance of talk pages changed for all wikis, except for Commons, Wikidata and most Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|a few]] have already received this design change). You can read the detail of the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] ("{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}"). The deployment will happen at remaining wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352087][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Interface admins now have greater control over the styling of article components on mobile with the introduction of the <code>SiteAdminHelper</code>. More information on how styles can be disabled can be found [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikimediaMessages#Site_admin_helper|at the extension's page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363932] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has added article body sections in JSON format and a curated short description field to the existing parsed Infobox. This expansion to the API is also available via Wikimedia Cloud Services. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/article-sections-and-description/] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * When you look at the Special:Log page, the first view is labelled "All public logs", but it only shows some logs. This label will now say "Main public logs". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T237729] '''Future changes''' * A new service will be built to replace [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Extension:Graph]]. Details can be found in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph/Plans|the latest update]] regarding this extension. * Starting May 21, English Wikipedia and German Wikipedia will get the possibility to activate "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]". This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to all Wikipedias]]. These communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|activate and configure the feature locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308144] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W19"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २२:३०, ६ मे २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26729363 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * On Wikisource there is a special page listing pages of works without corresponding scan images. Now you can use the new magic word <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>__EXPECTWITHOUTSCANS__</code></bdi> to exclude certain pages (list of editions or translations of works) from that list. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344214] * If you use the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user-preference]] "{{int:tog-uselivepreview}}", then the template-page feature "{{int:Templatesandbox-editform-legend}}" will now also work without reloading the page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T136907] * [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can now specify an alternative text via the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>alt=</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute. This is identical in usage to the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>alt=</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Syntax|image and gallery syntax]]. An exception for this feature is wikis like Wikivoyage where the miniature maps are interactive. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328137] * The old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|Guided Tour]] for the "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|New Filters for Edit Review]]" feature has been removed. It was created in 2017 to show people with older accounts how the interface had changed, and has now been seen by most of the intended people. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217451] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[{{#special:search}}]] results page will now use CSS flex attributes, for better accessibility, instead of a table. If you have a gadget or script that adjusts search results, you should update your script to the new HTML structure. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320295] '''Future changes''' * In the Vector 2022 skin, main pages will be displayed at full width (like special pages). The goal is to keep the number of characters per line large enough. This is related to the coming changes to typography in Vector 2022. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357706] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Two columns of the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:pagelinks table|pagelinks]]</code></bdi> database table (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>pl_namespace</code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>pl_title</code></bdi>) are being dropped soon. Users must use two columns of the new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>[[mw:special:MyLanguage/Manual:linktarget table|linktarget]]</code></bdi> table instead (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>lt_namespace</code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>lt_title</code></bdi>). In your existing SQL queries: *# Replace <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>JOIN pagelinks</code></bdi> with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>JOIN linktarget</code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>pl_</code></bdi> with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>lt_</code></bdi> in the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>ON</code></bdi> statement *# Below that add <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>JOIN pagelinks ON lt_id = pl_target_id</code></bdi> ** See <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[phab:T222224]]</bdi> for technical reasoning. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T222224][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T299947] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W20"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:४४, १४ मे २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26762074 --> == This Month in Education: April 2024 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 13 • Issue 4 • April 2024</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/EduWiki Updates From Uganda|EduWiki Updates From Uganda]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/Good news from Bolivia: Reading Wikipedia Program continues in 2024|Good news from Bolivia: Reading Wikipedia Program continues in 2024]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/Hearing Health Project: Impactful partnership with Wiki Movement Brazil|Hearing Health Project: Impactful partnership with Wiki Movement Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/Wikimedia Spain, Amical Wikimedia and the University of Valencia develop Wikipedia educational project|Wikimedia Spain, Amical Wikimedia and the University of Valencia develop Wikipedia educational project]]</div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ०९:०५, १४ मे २०२४ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=26698909 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, will now correctly delete pages which were moved to another title. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T43351] * New changes have been made to the UploadWizard in Wikimedia Commons: the overall layout has been improved, by following new styling and spacing for the form and its fields; the headers and helper text for each of the fields was changed; the Caption field is now a required field, and there is an option for users to copy their caption into the media description. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:WMF_support_for_Commons/Upload_Wizard_Improvements#Changes_to_%22Describe%22_workflow][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361049] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading_HTML_changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It will change on 22 May in some skins (Timeless, Modern, CologneBlue, Nostalgia, and Monobook). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in all other skins. The developers are also considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W21"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:४९, २१ मे २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26786311 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-22</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W22"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Several bugs related to the latest updates to the UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons have been fixed. For more information, see [[:phab:T365107|T365107]] and [[:phab:T365119|T365119]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] In March 2024 a new [[mw:ResourceLoader/Core_modules#addPortlet|addPortlet]] API was added to allow gadgets to create new portlets (menus) in the skin. In certain skins this can be used to create dropdowns. Gadget developers are invited to try it and [[phab:T361661|give feedback]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Some CSS in the Minerva skin has been removed to enable easier community configuration. Interface editors should check the rendering on mobile devices for aspects related to the classes: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>.collapsible</code></bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>.multicol</code></bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>.reflist</code></bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>.coordinates</code></bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>.topicon</code></bdi>. [[phab:T361659|Further details are available on replacement CSS]] if it is needed. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * When you visit a wiki where you don't yet have a local account, local rules such as edit filters can sometimes prevent your account from being created. Starting this week, MediaWiki takes your global rights into account when evaluating whether you can override such local rules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316303] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W22"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:००, २८ मे २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26832205 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-23</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * It is now possible for local administrators to add new links to the bottom of the site Tools menu without JavaScript. [[mw:Manual:Interface/Sidebar#Add or remove toolbox sections|Documentation is available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6086] * The message name for the definition of the tracking category of WikiHiero has changed from "<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>MediaWiki:Wikhiero-usage-tracking-category</code></bdi>" to "<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>MediaWiki:Wikihiero-usage-tracking-category</code></bdi>". [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/wikihiero/+/1035855] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q5317225|Kadazandusun]] ([[w:dtp:|<code>w:dtp:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365220] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''Future changes''' * Next week, on wikis with the Vector 2022 skin as the default, logged-out desktop users will be able to choose between different font sizes. The default font size will also be increased for them. This is to make Wikimedia projects easier to read. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-06 deployments|Learn more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W23"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:२०, ४ जुन २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26844397 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-24</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The software used to render SVG files has been updated to a new version, fixing many longstanding bugs in SVG rendering. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265549] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading HTML changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It was changed last week in some skins (Vector legacy and Minerva). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in Vector-2022. The developers are still considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML markup used for citations by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] changed last week. In places where Parsoid previously added the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw-reference-text</code></bdi> class, Parsoid now also adds the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>reference-text</code></bdi> class for better compatibility with the legacy parser. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1036705] '''Problems''' * There was a bug with the Content Translation interface that caused the tools menus to appear in the wrong location. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366374] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The new version of MediaWiki includes another change to the HTML markup used for citations: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] will now generate a <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><span class="mw-cite-backlink"></nowiki></code></bdi> wrapper for both named and unnamed references for better compatibility with the legacy parser. Interface administrators should verify that gadgets that interact with citations are compatible with the new markup. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1035809] * On multilingual wikis that use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><translate></nowiki></code></bdi> system, there is a feature that shows potentially-outdated translations with a pink background until they are updated or confirmed. From this week, confirming translations will be logged, and there is a new user-right that can be required for confirming translations if the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requests it]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T49177] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W24"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:०५, ११ जुन २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26893898 --> == This Month in Education: May 2024 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 13 • Issue 5 • May 2024</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Albania - Georgia Wikimedia Cooperation 2024|Albania - Georgia Wikimedia Cooperation 2024]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Aleksandër Xhuvani University Editathon in Elbasan|Aleksandër Xhuvani University Editathon in Elbasan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Central Bicol State University of Agriculture LitFest features translation and article writing on Wikipedia|Central Bicol State University of Agriculture LitFest features translation and article writing on Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Empowering Youth Council in Bulqiza through editathons|Empowering Youth Council in Bulqiza through editathons]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/We left a piece of our hearts at Arhavi|We left a piece of our hearts at Arhavi]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Wiki Movimento Brasil at Tech Week and Education Speaker Series |Wiki Movimento Brasil at Tech Week and Education Speaker Series]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Wikimedia MKD trains new users in collaboration with MYLA|Wikimedia MKD trains new users in collaboration with MYLA]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १९:१५, १५ जुन २०२४ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=26854161 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-25</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * People who attempt to add an external link in the visual editor will now receive immediate feedback if they attempt to link to a domain that a project has decided to block. Please see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#11_June_2024|Edit check]] for more details. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366751] * The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CommunityConfiguration|Community Configuration extension]] is available [[testwiki:Special:CommunityConfiguration|on Test Wikipedia]]. This extension allows communities to customize specific features to meet their local needs. Currently only Growth features are configurable, but the extension will support other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community_configuration#Use_cases|Community Configuration use cases]] in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323811][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360954] * The dark mode [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] is now available on category and help pages, as well as more special pages. There may be contrast issues. Please report bugs on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366370] '''Problems''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Cloud Services tools were not available for 25 minutes last week. This was caused by a faulty hardware cable in the data center. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2024-06-11_WMCS_Ceph] * Last week, styling updates were made to the Vector 2022 skin. This caused unforeseen issues with templates, hatnotes, and images. Changes to templates and hatnotes were reverted. Most issues with images were fixed. If you still see any, [[phab:T367463|report them here]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367480] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * Starting June 18, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Edit Check]] will be deployed to [[phab:T361843|a new set of Wikipedias]]. This feature is intended to help newcomers and to assist edit-patrollers by inviting people who are adding new content to a Wikipedia article to add a citation when they do not do so themselves. During [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#Reference_Check_A/B_Test|a test at 11 wikis]], the number of citations added [https://diff.wikimedia.org/?p=127553 more than doubled] when Reference Check was shown to people. Reference Check is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration|community configurable]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361843]<!-- NOTE: THE DIFF BLOG WILL BE PUBLISHED ON MONDAY --> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mailing_lists|Mailing lists]] will be unavailable for roughly two hours on Tuesday 10:00–12:00 UTC. This is to enable migration to a new server and upgrade its software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367521] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W25"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:३४, १८ जुन २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26911987 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-26</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Editors will notice that there have been some changes to the background color of text in the diff view, and the color of the byte-change numbers, last week. These changes are intended to make text more readable in both light mode and dark mode, and are part of a larger effort to increase accessibility. You can share your comments or questions [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading|on the project talkpage]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361717] * The text colors that are used for visited-links, hovered-links, and active-links, were also slightly changed last week to improve their accessibility in both light mode and dark mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366515] '''Problems''' * You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|copy permanent links to talk page comments]] by clicking on a comment's timestamp. [[mw:Talk pages project/Permalinks|This feature]] did not always work when the topic title was very long and the link was used as a wikitext link. This has been fixed. Thanks to Lofhi for submitting the bug. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356196] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] * Starting 26 June, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link at English Wikipedia, making this feature available for you to use at all wikis. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they were linked to, even if this comment has since been moved elsewhere. You can read more about this feature [[DiffBlog:/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/|on Diff]] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365974] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W26"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:१८, २५ जुन २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=26989424 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-27</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Over the next three weeks, dark mode will become available for all users, both logged-in and logged-out, starting with the mobile web version. This fulfils one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2023/Reading/Dark_mode|top-requested community wishes]], and improves low-contrast reading and usage in low-light settings. As part of these changes, dark mode will also work on User-pages and Portals. There is more information in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Updates#June_2024:_Typography_and_dark_mode_deployments,_new_global_preferences|the latest Web team update]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366364] * Logged-in users can now set [[m:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-skin-skin-prefs|global preferences for the text-size and dark-mode]], thanks to a combined effort across Foundation teams. This allows Wikimedians using multiple wikis to set up a consistent reading experience easily, for example by switching between light and dark mode only once for all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341278] * If you use a very old web browser some features might not work on the Wikimedia wikis. This affects Internet Explorer 11 and versions of Chrome, Firefox and Safari older than 2016. This change makes it possible to use new [[d:Q46441|CSS]] features and to send less code to all readers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288287][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:How_to_make_a_MediaWiki_skin#Using_CSS_variables_for_supporting_different_themes_e.g._dark_mode] * Wikipedia Admins can customize local wiki configuration options easily using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]]. Community Configuration was created to allow communities to customize how some features work, because each language wiki has unique needs. At the moment, admins can configure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] on their home wikis, in order to better recruit and retain new editors. More options will be provided in the coming months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366458] * Editors interested in language issues that are related to [[w:en:Unicode|Unicode standards]], can now discuss those topics at [[mw:Talk:WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|a new conversation space in MediaWiki.org]]. The Wikimedia Foundation is now a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|member of the Unicode Consortium]], and the coordination group can collaboratively review the issues discussed and, where appropriate, bring them to the attention of the Unicode Consortium. * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2891049|Mandailing]] ([[w:btm:|<code>w:btm:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368038] '''Problems''' * Editors can once again click on links within the visual editor's citation-preview, thanks to a bug fix by the Editing Team. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368119] '''Future changes''' * Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 2 weeks. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W27"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:४४, २ जुलाई २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27038456 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-28</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W28"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * At the Wikimedia Foundation a new task force was formed to replace the disabled Graph with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project|more secure, easy to use, and extensible Chart]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Chart Project|subscribe to the newsletter]] to get notified about new project updates and other news about Chart. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension is now available on Meta-wiki, Igbo Wikipedia, and Swahili Wikipedia, and can be requested on your wiki. This extension helps in managing and making events more visible, giving Event organizers the ability to use tools like the Event registration tool. To learn more about the deployment status and how to request this extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status|CampaignEvents page on Meta-wiki]]. * Editors using the iOS Wikipedia app who have more than 50 edits can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits#Add an image|Add an Image]] feature. This feature presents opportunities for small but useful contributions to Wikipedia. * Thank you to [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth/Celebration|all of the authors]] who have contributed to MediaWiki Core. As a result of these contributions, the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth|percentage of authors contributing more than 5 patches has increased by 25% since last year]], which helps ensure the sustainability of the platform for the Wikimedia projects. '''Problems''' * A problem with the color of the talkpage tabs always showing as blue, even for non-existent pages which should have been red, affecting the Vector 2022 skin, [[phab:T367982|has been fixed]]. '''Future changes''' * The Trust and Safety Product team wants to introduce [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] with as little disruption to tools and workflows as possible. Volunteer developers, including gadget and user-script maintainers, are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle temporary accounts. The team has [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|created documentation]] explaining how to do the update. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]]. '''Tech News survey''' * Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 1 more week. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W28"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०३:१७, ९ जुलाई २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27080357 --> == This Month in Education: June 2024 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 13 • Issue 6 • June 2024</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/From a Language Teacher to a Library Support Staff: The Wikimedia Effect|From a Language Teacher to a Library Support Staff: The Wikimedia Effect]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/5th WikiEducation 2024 Conference in Mexico|5th WikiEducation 2024 Conference in Mexico]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Lviv hosted a spring wikischool for Ukrainian high school students|Lviv hosted a spring wikischool for Ukrainian high school students]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/First class of teachers graduated from Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom 2024|First class of teachers graduated from Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom 2024]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Empowering Digital Citizenship: Unlocking the Power of Open Knowledge with Participants of the LIFE Legacy|Empowering Digital Citizenship: Unlocking the Power of Open Knowledge with Participants of the LIFE Legacy]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Wiki Movimento Brazil supports online and in-person courses and launches material to guide educators in using Wikimedia projects |Wiki Movimento Brazil supports online and in-person courses and launches material to guide educators in using Wikimedia projects]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Where to find images for free? Webinar for librarians answered many questions|Where to find images for free? Webinar for librarians answered many questions]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Wikimedia MKD and University of Goce Delchev start a mutual collaboration|Wikimedia MKD and University of Goce Delchev start a mutual collaboration]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १२:४३, ९ जुलाई २०२४ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=27085892 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-29</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W29"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News survey''' * Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 3 more days. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia developers can now officially continue to use both [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]], due to a June 24 decision by the Wikimedia Foundation to support software development on both platforms. Gerrit and GitLab are both code repositories used by developers to write, review, and deploy the software code that supports the MediaWiki software that the wiki projects are built on, as well as the tools used by editors to create and improve content. This decision will safeguard the productivity of our developers and prevent problems in code review from affecting our users. More details are available in the [[mw:GitLab/Migration status|Migration status]] page. * The Wikimedia Foundation seeks applicants for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). This group will bring technical contributors and Wikimedia Foundation together to co-define a more resilient, future-proof technological platform. Council members will evaluate and consult on the movement's product and technical activities, so that we develop multi-generational projects. We are looking for a range of technical contributors across the globe, from a variety of Wikimedia projects. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal#Joining the PTAC as a technical volunteer|Please apply here by August 10]]. * Editors with rollback user-rights who use the Wikipedia App for Android can use the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Anti Vandalism|Edit Patrol]] features. These features include a new feed of Recent Changes, related links such as Undo and Rollback, and the ability to create and save a personal library of user talk messages to use while patrolling. If your wiki wants to make these features available to users who do not have rollback rights but have reached a certain edit threshold, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android#Contact us|you can contact the team]]. You can [[diffblog:2024/07/10/ِaddressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/|read more about this project on Diff blog]]. * Editors who have access to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The_Wikipedia_Library|The Wikipedia Library]] can once again use non-open access content in SpringerLinks, after the Foundation [[phab:T368865|contacted]] them to restore access. You can read more about [[m:Tech/News/Recently_resolved_community_tasks|this and 21 other community-submitted tasks that were completed last week]]. '''Changes later this week''' * This week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-07 deployments|dark mode will be available on a number of Wikipedias]], both desktop and mobile, for logged-in and logged-out users. Interface admins and user script maintainers are encouraged to check gadgets and user scripts in the dark mode, to find any hard-coded colors and fix them. There are some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations for dark mode compatibility]] to help. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Next week, functionaries, volunteers maintaining tools, and software development teams are invited to test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on testwiki. Temporary accounts is a feature that will help improve privacy on the wikis. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348895] * Editors who upload files cross-wiki, or teach other people how to do so, may wish to join a Wikimedia Commons discussion. The Commons community is discussing limiting who can upload files through the cross-wiki upload/Upload dialog feature to users auto-confirmed on Wikimedia Commons. This is due to the large amount of copyright violations uploaded this way. There is a short summary at [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Cross-wiki upload|Commons:Cross-wiki upload]] and [[c:Commons:Village pump/Proposals#Deactivate cross-wiki uploads for new users|discussion at Commons:Village Pump]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]]. </div><section end="technews-2024-W29"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:१६, १६ जुलाई २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27124561 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-30</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W30"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translations]] are available. '''Feature News''' * Stewards can now [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks|globally block]] accounts. Before [[phab:T17294|the change]] only IP addresses and IP ranges could be blocked globally. Global account blocks are useful when the blocked user should not be logged out. [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_locks|Global locks]] (a similar tool logging the user out of their account) are unaffected by this change. The new global account block feature is related to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project, which is a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors that are no longer made public. * Later this week, Wikimedia site users will notice that the Interface of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as "Pending Changes") is improved and consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Wikimedia's design system]]. The FlaggedRevs interface experience on mobile and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MinervaNeue|Minerva skin]] was inconsistent before it was fixed and ported to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]] by the WMF Growth team and some volunteers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156] * Wikimedia site users can now submit account vanishing requests via [[m:Special:GlobalVanishRequest|GlobalVanishRequest]]. This feature is used when a contributor wishes to stop editing forever. It helps you hide your past association and edit to protect your privacy. Once processed, the account will be locked and renamed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367329] * Have you tried monitoring and addressing vandalism in Wikipedia using your phone? [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/10/%d9%90addressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/ A Diff blog post on Patrolling features in the Mobile App] highlights some of the new capabilities of the feature, including swiping through a feed of recent changes and a personal library of user talk messages for use when patrolling from your phone. * Wikimedia contributors and GLAM (galleries, libraries, archives, and museums) organisations can now learn and measure the impact Wikimedia Commons is having towards creating quality encyclopedic content using the [https://doc.wikimedia.org/generated-data-platform/aqs/analytics-api/reference/commons.html Commons Impact Metrics] analytics dashboard. The dashboard offers organizations analytics on things like monthly edits in a category, the most viewed files, and which Wikimedia articles are using Commons images. As a result of these new data dumps, GLAM organisation can more reliably measure their return on investment for programs bringing content into the digital Commons. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/] '''Project Updates''' * Come share your ideas for improving the wikis on the newly reopened [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]]. The Community Wishlist is Wikimedia’s forum for volunteers to share ideas (called wishes) to improve how the wikis work. The new version of the wishlist is always open, works with both wikitext and Visual Editor, and allows wishes in any language. '''Learn more''' * Have you ever wondered how Wikimedia software works across over 300 languages? This is 253 languages more than the Google Chrome interface, and it's no accident. The Language and Product Localization Team at the Wikimedia Foundation supports your work by adapting all the tools and interfaces in the MediaWiki software so that contributors in our movement who translate pages and strings can translate them and have the sites in all languages. Read more about the team and their upcoming work on [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/building-towards-a-robust-multilingual-knowledge-ecosystem-for-the-wikimedia-movement/ Diff]. * How can Wikimedia build innovative and experimental products while maintaining such heavily used websites? A recent [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/ blog post] by WMF staff Johan Jönsson highlights the work of the [[m:Future Audiences#Objectives and Key Results|WMF Future Audience initiative]], where the goal is not to build polished products but test out new ideas, such as a [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiments: conversational/generative AI|ChatGPT plugin]] and [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiment:Add a Fact|Add a Fact]], to help take Wikimedia into the future. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]]. </div><section end="technews-2024-W30"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:५०, २३ जुलाई २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27142915 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-31</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W31"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translations]] are available. '''Feature news''' * Editors using the Visual Editor in languages that use non-Latin characters for numbers, such as Hindi, Manipuri and Eastern Arabic, may notice some changes in the formatting of reference numbers. This is a side effect of preparing a new sub-referencing feature, and will also allow fixing some general numbering issues in Visual Editor. If you notice any related problems on your wiki, please share details at the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|project talkpage]]. '''Bugs status''' * Some logged-in editors were briefly unable to edit or load pages last week. [[phab:T370304|These errors]] were mainly due to the addition of new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|linter]] rules which led to caching problems. Fixes have been applied and investigations are continuing. * Editors can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Information tool]] to get information about IP addresses. This tool is available as a Beta Feature in your preferences. The tool was not available for a few days last week, but is now working again. Thank you to Shizhao for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks#2024-07-25|28 other community-submitted tasks]] that were resolved last week. '''Project updates''' * There are new features and improvements to Phabricator from the Release Engineering and Collaboration Services teams, and some volunteers, including: the search systems, the new task creation system, the login systems, the translation setup which has resulted in support for more languages (thanks to Pppery), and fixes for many edge-case errors. You can [[phab:phame/post/view/316/iterative_improvements/|read details about these and other improvements in this summary]]. * There is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|update on the Charts project]]. The team has decided which visualization library to use, which chart types to start focusing on, and where to store chart definitions. * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9056|Czech]] ([[voy:cs:|<code>voy:cs:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370905] '''Learn more''' * There is a [[diffblog:2024/07/26/the-journey-to-open-our-first-data-center-in-south-america/|new Wikimedia Foundation data center]] in São Paulo, Brazil which helps to reduce load times. * There is new [[diffblog:2024/07/22/the-perplexing-process-of-uploading-images-to-wikipedia/|user research]] on problems with the process of uploading images. * Commons Impact Metrics are [[diffblog:2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/|now available]] via data dumps and API. * The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/July|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W31"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:५६, ३० जुलाई २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27164109 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-32</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W32"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translations]] are available. '''Feature news''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Two new parser functions will be available this week: <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#dir|#dir]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#bcp47|#bcp47]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. These will reduce the need for <code>Template:Dir</code> and <code>Template:BCP47</code> on Commons and allow us to [[phab:T343131|drop 100 million rows]] from the "what links here" database. Editors at any wiki that use these templates, can help by replacing the templates with these new functions. The templates at Commons will be updated during the Hackathon at Wikimania. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359761][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366623] * Communities can request the activation of the visual editor on entire namespaces where discussions sometimes happen (for instance ''Wikipedia:'' or ''Wikisource:'' namespaces) if they understand the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/FAQ#WPNS|known limitations]]. For discussions, users can already use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] in these namespaces. * The tracking category "Pages using Timeline" has been renamed to "Pages using the EasyTimeline extension" [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3ATimeline-tracking-category&namespace=8 in TranslateWiki]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match. '''Project updates''' * Editors who help to organize WikiProjects and similar on-wiki collaborations, are invited to share ideas and examples of successful collaborations with the Campaigns and Programs teams. You can fill out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/WikiProjects|a brief survey]] or share your thoughts [[m:Talk:Campaigns/WikiProjects|on the talkpage]]. The teams are particularly looking for details about successful collaborations on non-English wikis. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The new parser is being rolled out on {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} wikis over the next few months. The {{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage}} and {{int:project-localized-name-hewikivoyage}} were [[phab:T365367|switched]] to Parsoid last week. For more information, see [[mw:Parsoid/Parser_Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]]. '''Learn more''' * There will be more than 200 sessions at Wikimania this week. Here is a summary of some of the [[diffblog:2024/08/05/interested-in-product-and-tech-here-are-some-wikimania-sessions-you-dont-want-to-miss/|key sessions related to the product and technology area]]. * The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/07-02|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available. * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/July|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: New design previews for Translatable pages; Updates about MinT for Wiki Readers; the release of Translation dumps; and more. * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/31|Growth newsletter]] is available. * The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/July 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W32"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:२९, ६ अगस्ट २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27233905 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2024-33</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W33"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translations]] are available. '''Feature news''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] editors and maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Actions#Show a CAPTCHA|make a CAPTCHA show if a filter matches an edit]]. This allows communities to quickly respond to spamming by automated bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T20110] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|Stewards]] can now specify if global blocks should prevent account creation. Before [[phab:T17273|this change]] by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product]] Team, all global blocks would prevent account creation. This will allow stewards to reduce the unintended side-effects of global blocks on IP addresses. '''Project updates''' * [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#August_2024_committee_nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new members to refresh the [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]]. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open until at least 2024-08-26. * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2880037|West Coast Bajau]] ([[w:bdr:|<code>w:bdr:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371757] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W33"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:०७, १३ अगस्ट २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27253654 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-34</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W34"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translations]] are available. '''Feature news''' * Editors who want to re-use references but with different details such as page numbers, will be able to do so by the end of 2024, using a new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Sub-referencing in a nutshell|sub-referencing]] feature. You can read more [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|about the project]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|how to test the prototype]]. * Editors using tracking categories to identify which pages use specific extensions may notice that six of the categories have been renamed to make them more easily understood and consistent. These categories are automatically added to pages that use specialized MediaWiki extensions. The affected names are for: [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aintersection-category&namespace=8 DynamicPageList], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Akartographer-tracking-category&namespace=8 Kartographer], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aphonos-tracking-category&namespace=8 Phonos], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Arss-tracking-category&namespace=8 RSS], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Ascore-use-category&namespace=8 Score], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Awikihiero-usage-tracking-category&namespace=8 WikiHiero]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match. Thanks to Pppery for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347324] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Technical volunteers who edit modules and want to get a list of the categories used on a page, can now do so using the <code><bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">categories</bdi></code> property of <code><bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">[[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Title objects|mw.title objects]]</bdi></code>. This enables wikis to configure workflows such as category-specific edit notices. Thanks to SD001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T50175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T85372] '''Bugs status''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Your help is needed to check if any pages need to be moved or deleted. A maintenance script was run to clean up unreachable pages (due to Unicode issues or introduction of new namespaces/namespace aliases). The script tried to find appropriate names for the pages (e.g. by following the Unicode changes or by moving pages whose titles on Wikipedia start with <code>Talk:WP:</code> so that their titles start with <code>Wikipedia talk:</code>), but it may have failed for some pages, and moved them to <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">[[Special:PrefixIndex/T195546/]]</bdi> instead. Your community should check if any pages are listed there, and move them to the correct titles, or delete them if they are no longer needed. A full log (including pages for which appropriate names could be found) is available in [[phab:P67388]]. * Editors who volunteer as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|mentors]] to newcomers on their wiki are once again able to access lists of potential mentees who they can connect with to offer help and guidance. This functionality was restored thanks to [[phab:T372164|a bug fix]]. Thank you to Mbch331 for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and 18 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Project updates''' * The application deadline for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product & Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC) has been extended to September 16. Members will help by providing advice to Foundation Product and Technology leadership on short and long term plans, on complex strategic problems, and help to get feedback from more contributors and technical communities. Selected members should expect to spend roughly 5 hours per month for the Council, during the one year pilot. Please consider applying, and spread the word to volunteers you think would make a positive contribution to the committee. '''Learn more''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award#2024 Winners|2024 Coolest Tool Awards]] were awarded at Wikimania, in seven categories. For example, one award went to the ISA Tool, used for adding structured data to files on Commons, which was recently improved during the [[m:Event:Wiki Mentor Africa ISA Hackathon 2024|Wiki Mentor Africa Hackathon]]. You can see video demonstrations of each tool at the awards page. Congratulations to this year's recipients, and thank you to all tool creators and maintainers. * The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/08-01|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available, and includes some highlights from Wikimania, an upcoming Language community meeting, and other news from the movement. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W34"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:३९, २० अगस्ट २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27307284 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-35</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W35"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translations]] are available. '''Feature news''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Administrators can now test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on test2wiki. This was done to allow cross-wiki testing of temporary accounts, for when temporary accounts switch between projects. The feature was enabled on testwiki a few weeks ago. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Temporary Accounts is a project to create a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors which are no longer made public. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]]. * Later this week, editors at wikis that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as "Pending Changes") may notice that the indicators at the top of articles have changed. This change makes the system more consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156] '''Bugs status''' * Editors who use the 2010 wikitext editor, and use the Character Insert buttons, will [[phab:T361465|no longer]] experience problems with the buttons adding content into the edit-summary instead of the edit-window. You can read more about that, and 26 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Project updates''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Please review and vote on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas|Focus Areas]], which are groups of wishes that share a problem. Focus Areas were created for the newly reopened Community Wishlist, which is now open year-round for submissions. The first batch of focus areas are specific to moderator workflows, around welcoming newcomers, minimizing repetitive tasks, and prioritizing tasks. Once volunteers have reviewed and voted on focus areas, the Foundation will then review and select focus areas for prioritization. * Do you have a project and are willing to provide a three (3) month mentorship for an intern? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Outreachy|Outreachy]] is a twice a year program for people to participate in a paid internship that will start in December 2024 and end in early March 2025, and they need mentors and projects to work on. Projects can be focused on coding or non-coding (design, documentation, translation, research). See the Outreachy page for more details, and a list of past projects since 2013. '''Learn more''' * If you're curious about the product and technology improvements made by the Wikimedia Foundation last year, read [[diffblog:2024/08/21/wikimedia-foundation-product-technology-improving-the-user-experience/|this recent highlights summary on Diff]]. * To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together.webm|Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together]] (55 mins) - about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] project. ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Belgrade - Day 1 - Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views.webm|Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views]] (30 mins) - an overview for both technical and non technical audiences, covering some of the challenges and open questions, related to the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights|platform evolution, stewardship and developer experiences]] research. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W35"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:१९, २७ अगस्ट २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27341211 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-36</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W36"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Editors and volunteer developers interested in data visualisation can now test the new software for charts. Its early version is available on beta Commons and beta Wikipedia. This is an important milestone before making charts available on regular wikis. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|read more about this project update]] and help to test the charts. '''Feature news''' * Editors who use the [[{{#special:Unusedtemplates}}]] page can now filter out pages which are expected to be there permanently, such as sandboxes, test-cases, and templates that are always substituted. Editors can add the new magic word [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE|<code dir="ltr"><nowiki>__EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE__</nowiki></code>]] to a template page to hide it from the listing. Thanks to Sophivorus and DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184633] * Editors who use the New Topic tool on discussion pages, will [[phab:T334163|now be reminded]] to add a section header, which should help reduce the quantity of newcomers who add sections without a header. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:28}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. * Last week, some Toolforge tools had occasional connection problems. The cause is still being investigated, but the problems have been resolved for now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373243] * Translation administrators at multilingual wikis, when editing multiple translation units, can now easily mark which changes require updates to the translation. This is possible with the [[phab:T298852#10087288|new dropdown menu]]. '''Project updates''' * A new draft text of a policy discussing the use of Wikimedia's APIs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/API Policy Update 2024|has been published on Meta-Wiki]]. The draft text does not reflect a change in policy around the APIs; instead, it is an attempt to codify existing API rules. Comments, questions, and suggestions are welcome on [[m:Talk:API Policy Update 2024|the proposed update’s talk page]] until September 13 or until those discussions have concluded. '''Learn more''' * To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization.webm|Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization]] (25 mins) – about the above-mentioned Charts project. ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 3 - State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia.webm|State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia]] (90 mins) – about some of the language tools that support Wikimedia sites, such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content]]/[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation|Section Translation]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MinT|MinT]], and LanguageConverter; also the current state and future of languages onboarding. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368772] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W36"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:५३, ३ सेप्टेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27390268 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-37</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W37"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translations]] are available. '''Feature news''' * Starting this week, the standard [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will receive new colors that make them compatible in dark mode. This is the first of many changes to come as part of a major upgrade to syntax highlighting. You can learn more about what's to come on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365311][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * Editors of wikis using Wikidata will now be notified of only relevant Wikidata changes in their watchlist. This is because the Lua functions <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>entity:getSitelink()</code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid)</code></bdi> will have their logic unified for tracking different aspects of sitelinks to reduce junk notifications from [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Projects/Watchlist Wikidata Sitelinks Tracking|inconsistent sitelinks tracking]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295356] '''Project updates''' * Users of all Wikis will have access to Wikimedia sites as read-only for a few minutes on September 25, starting at 15:00 UTC. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962] * Contributors of [[phab:T363538#10123348|11 Wikipedias]], including English will have a new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>MOS</code></bdi> namespace added to their Wikipedias. This improvement ensures that links beginning with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>MOS:</code></bdi> (usually shortcuts to the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]]) are not broken by [[w:en:Mooré|Mooré]] Wikipedia (language code <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mos</code></bdi>). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363538] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W37"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ००:३८, १० सेप्टेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27424457 --> == This Month in Education: August 2024 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 13 • Issue 7 • August 2024</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Cross-Cultural Knowledge Sharing: Wikipedia's New Frontier at University of Tehran|Cross-Cultural Knowledge Sharing: Wikipedia's New Frontier at University of Tehran]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Let's Read Wikipedia in Bolivia reaches teachers in Cochabamba|Let's Read Wikipedia in Bolivia reaches teachers in Cochabamba]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Results of the 2023 “Wikipedia for School” Contest in Ukraine|Results of the 2023 “Wikipedia for School” Contest in Ukraine]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Edu Wiki Camp in Serbia, 2024|Edu Wiki Camp in Serbia, 2024]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Wikimedia Human Rights Month this year engaged schools in large amount|Wikimedia Human Rights Month this year engaged schools in large amount]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Strengthening Education Programs at Wikimania 2024: A Global Leap in Collaborative Learning|Strengthening Education Programs at Wikimania 2024: A Global Leap in Collaborative Learning]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Wiki Education programs are featured in a scientific outreach magazine, and Wiki Movimento Brasil offers training for researchers in the Amazon|Wiki Education programs are featured in a scientific outreach magazine, and Wiki Movimento Brasil offers training for researchers in the Amazon]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Wiki Movimento Brasil aims to adapt a game about Wikipedia, organize an academic event for scientific dissemination, and host the XXXIII Wiki-Education Workshop|Wiki Movimento Brasil aims to adapt a game about Wikipedia, organize an academic event for scientific dissemination, and host the XXXIII Wiki-Education Workshop]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १९:०६, ११ सेप्टेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=27310254 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-38</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W38"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translations]] are available. '''Improvements and Maintenance''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Editors interested in templates can help by reading the latest Wishlist focus area, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template recall and discovery]], and share your feedback on the talkpage. This input helps the Community Tech team to decide the right technical approach to build. Everyone is also encouraged to continue adding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|new wishes]]. * The new automated [[{{#special:NamespaceInfo}}]] page helps editors understand which [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespaces|namespaces]] exist on each wiki, and some details about how they are configured. Thanks to DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263513] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|References Check]] is a feature that encourages editors to add a citation when they add a new paragraph to a Wikipedia article. For a short time, the corresponding tag "Edit Check (references) activated" was erroneously being applied to some edits outside of the main namespace. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373692] * It is now possible for a wiki community to change the order in which a page’s categories are displayed on their wiki. By default, categories are displayed in the order they appear in the wikitext. Now, wikis with a consensus to do so can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|request]] a configuration change to display them in alphabetical order. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373480] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool authors can now access ToolsDB's [[wikitech:Portal:Data Services#ToolsDB|public databases]] from both [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry|Quarry]] and [[wikitech:Superset|Superset]]. Those databases have always been accessible to every [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] user, but they are now more broadly accessible, as Quarry can be accessed by anyone with a Wikimedia account. In addition, Quarry's internal database can now be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry#Querying Quarry's own database|queried from Quarry itself]]. This database contains information about all queries that are being run and starred by users in Quarry. This information was already public through the web interface, but you can now query it using SQL. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:20}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. * Any pages or tools that still use the very old CSS classes <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw-message-box</code></bdi> need to be updated. These old classes will be removed next week or soon afterwards. Editors can use a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-message-box&regex=1&namespaces=&title= global-search] to determine what needs to be changed. It is possible to use the newer <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>cdx-message</code></bdi> group of classes as a replacement (see [https://doc.wikimedia.org/codex/latest/components/demos/message.html#css-only-version the relevant Codex documentation], and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Header&diff=prev&oldid=27449042 an example update]), but using locally defined onwiki classes would be best. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374499] '''Technical project updates''' * Next week, all Wikimedia wikis will be read-only for a few minutes. This will start on September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This maintenance process also targets other services.]] The previous switchover took 3 minutes, and the Site Reliability Engineering teams use many tools to make sure that this essential maintenance work happens as quickly as possible. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962] '''Tech in depth''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/August 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes details about: research about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Hooks|hook]] handlers to help simplify development, research about performance improvements, work to improve the REST API for end-users, and more. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Auditorium Kyiv - Day 4 - Hackathon Showcase.webm|Hackathon Showcase]] (45 mins) - 19 short presentations by some of the Hackathon participants, describing some of the projects they worked on, such as automated testing of maintenance scripts, a video-cutting command line tool, and interface improvements for various tools. There are [[phab:T369234|more details and links available]] in the Phabricator task. ** [[c:File:Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem.webm|Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem]] (40 mins) - a roundtable discussion for tool-maintainers, users, and supporters of Toolforge about how to make the platform sustainable and how to evaluate the tools available there. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W38"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:४८, १७ सेप्टेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27460876 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-39</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W39"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. Reading the wikis will not be interrupted, but editing will be paused. These twice-yearly processes allow WMF's site reliability engineering teams to remain prepared to keep the wikis functioning even in the event of a major interruption to one of our data centers. '''Updates for editors''' [[File:Add alt text from a halfsheet, with the article behind.png|thumb|A screenshot of the interface for the Alt Text suggested-edit feature]] * Editors who use the iOS Wikipedia app in Spanish, Portuguese, French, or Chinese, may see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|Alt Text suggested-edit experiment]] after editing an article, or completing a suggested edit using "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project#Hypothesis 2 Add an Image Suggested Edit|Add an image]]". Alt-text helps people with visual impairments to read Wikipedia articles. The team aims to learn if adding alt-text to images is a task that editors can be successful with. Please share any feedback on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|the discussion page]]. * The Codex color palette has been updated with new and revised colors for the MediaWiki user interfaces. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design System Team/Color/Design documentation#Updates|most noticeable changes]] for editors include updates for: dark mode colors for Links and for quiet Buttons (progressive and destructive), visited Link colors for both light and dark modes, and background colors for system-messages in both light and dark modes. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] It is now possible to include clickable wikilinks and external links inside code blocks. This includes links that are used within <code><nowiki><syntaxhighlight></nowiki></code> tags and on code pages (JavaScript, CSS, Scribunto and Sanitized CSS). Uses of template syntax <code><nowiki>{{…}}</nowiki></code> are also linked to the template page. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368166] * Two bugs were fixed in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Account vanishing|GlobalVanishRequest]] system by improving the logging and by removing an incorrect placeholder message. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370595][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T372223] * View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] From [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]]: ** The API now enables 5,000 on-demand API requests per month and twice-monthly HTML snapshots freely (gratis and libre). More information on the updates and also improvements to the software development kits (SDK) are explained on [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api/ the project's blog post]. While Wikimedia Enterprise APIs are designed for high-volume commercial reusers, this change enables many more community use-cases to be built on the service too. ** The Snapshot API (html dumps) have added beta Structured Contents endpoints ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/ blog post on that]) as well as released two beta datasets (English and French Wikipedia) from that endpoint to Hugging Face for public use and feedback ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/hugging-face-dataset/ blog post on that]). These pre-parsed data sets enable new options for researchers, developers, and data scientists to use and study the content. '''In depth''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) is used to get answers to questions using the Wikidata data set. As Wikidata grows, we had to make a major architectural change so that WDQS could remain performant. As part of the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split project]], we have new SPARQL endpoints available for serving the "[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org scholarly]" and "[https://query-main.wikidata.org main]" subgraphs of Wikidata. The [http://query.wikidata.org query.wikidata.org endpoint] will continue to serve the full Wikidata graph until March 2025. After this date, it will only serve the main graph. For more information, please see [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|the announcement on Wikidata]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W39"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:२२, २४ सेप्टेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27493779 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-40</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W40"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Readers of [[phab:T375401|42 more wikis]] can now use Dark Mode. If the option is not yet available for logged-out users of your wiki, this is likely because many templates do not yet display well in Dark Mode. Please use the [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ night-mode-checker tool] if you are interested in helping to reduce the number of issues. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations page]] provides guidance on this. Dark Mode is enabled on additional wikis once per month. * Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor as their default can access features from the 2017 wikitext editor by adding <code dir=ltr>?veaction=editsource</code> to the URL. If you would like to enable the 2017 wikitext editor as your default, it can be set in [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-newwikitext|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T239796] * For logged-out readers using the Vector 2022 skin, the "donate" link has been moved from a collapsible menu next to the content area into a more prominent top menu, next to "Create an account". This restores the link to the level of prominence it had in the Vector 2010 skin. [[mw:Readers/2024 Reader and Donor Experiences#Donor Experiences (Key Result WE 3.2 and the related hypotheses)|Learn more]] about the changes related to donor experiences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373585] * The CampaignEvents extension provides tools for organizers to more easily manage events, communicate with participants, and promote their events on the wikis. The extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|enabled]] on Arabic Wikipedia, Igbo Wikipedia, Swahili Wikipedia, and Meta-Wiki. [[w:zh:Wikipedia:互助客栈/其他#引進CampaignEvents擴充功能|Chinese Wikipedia has decided]] to enable the extension, and discussions on the extension are in progress [[w:es:Wikipedia:Votaciones/2024/Sobre la política de Organizadores de Eventos|on Spanish Wikipedia]] and [[d:Wikidata:Project chat#Enabling the CampaignEvents Extention on Wikidata|on Wikidata]]. To learn how to enable the extension on your wiki, you can visit [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|the CampaignEvents page on Meta-Wiki]]. * View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Developers with an account on Wikitech-wiki should [[wikitech:Wikitech/SUL-migration|check if any action is required]] for their accounts. The wiki is being changed to use the single-user-login (SUL) system, and other configuration changes. This change will help reduce the overall complexity for the weekly software updates across all our wikis. '''In depth''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|server switch]] was completed successfully last week with a read-only time of [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Past Switches|only 2 minutes 46 seconds]]. This periodic process makes sure that engineers can switch data centers and keep all of the wikis available for readers, even if there are major technical issues. It also gives engineers a chance to do maintenance and upgrades on systems that normally run 24 hours a day, and often helps to reveal weaknesses in the infrastructure. The process involves dozens of software services and hundreds of hardware servers, and requires multiple teams working together. Work over the past few years has reduced the time from 17 minutes down to 2–3 minutes. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/66ZW7B2MG63AESQVTXDIFQBDBS766JGW/] '''Meetings and events''' * October 4–6: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiIndaba conference 2024|WikiIndaba Conference's Hackathon]] in Johannesburg, South Africa * November 4–6: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] in Vienna, Austria '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W40"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:०६, १ अक्टोबर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27530062 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-41</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W41"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Communities can now request installation of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator|Automoderator]] on their wiki. Automoderator is an automated anti-vandalism tool that reverts bad edits based on scores from the new "Revert Risk" machine learning model. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AutoModerator/Deploying|read details about the necessary steps]] for installation and configuration. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336934] '''Updates for editors''' * Translators in wikis where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|the mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now customize their articles suggestion list from 41 filtering options when using the tool. This topic-based article suggestion feature makes it easy for translators to self-discover relevant articles based on their area of interest and translate them. You can [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&active-list=suggestions try it with your mobile device]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368422] * View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * It is now possible for <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><syntaxhighlight></nowiki></code></bdi> code blocks to offer readers a "Copy" button if the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>copy=1</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight#copy|set on the tag]]. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40932] * Customized copyright footer messages on all wikis will be updated. The new versions will use wikitext markup instead of requiring editing raw HTML. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375789] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this month, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] will be rolled out on several pilot wikis. The final list of the wikis will be published in the second half of the month. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on [[phab:T376499|these 11 wikis]], and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Rate limiting has been enabled for the code review tools [[Wikitech:Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[Wikitech:GitLab|GitLab]] to address ongoing issues caused by malicious traffic and scraping. Clients that open too many concurrent connections will be restricted for a few minutes. This rate limiting is managed through [[Wikitech:nftables|nftables]] firewall rules. For more details, see Wikitech's pages on [[Wikitech:Firewall#Throttling with nftables|Firewall]], [[Wikitech:GitLab/Abuse and rate limiting|GitLab limits]] and [[Wikitech:Gerrit/Operations#Throttling IPs|Gerrit operations]]. * Five new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q49224|Komering]] ([[w:kge:|<code>w:kge:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374813] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36096|Mooré]] ([[m:mos:|<code>m:mos:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374641] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[wikt:mad:|<code>wikt:mad:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374968] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q2501174|Gorontalo]] ([[q:gor:|<code>q:gor:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375088] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikinews}} in [[d:Q56482|Shan]] ([[n:shn:|<code>n:shn:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375430] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W41"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:२८, ८ अक्टोबर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27557422 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-42</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W42"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is starting to be removed. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|A first set of wikis]] are being contacted. These wikis are invited to stop using Flow, and to move all Flow boards to sub-pages, as archives. At these wikis, a script will move all Flow pages that aren't a sub-page to a sub-page automatically, starting on 22 October 2024. On 28 October 2024, all Flow boards at these wikis will be set in read-only mode. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370722] * WMF's Search Platform team is working on making it easier for readers to perform text searches in their language. A [[phab:T332342|change last week]] on over 30 languages makes it easier to find words with accents and other diacritics. This applies to both full-text search and to types of advanced search such as the <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">''hastemplate''</bdi> and <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">''incategory''</bdi> keywords. More technical details (including a few other minor search upgrades) are available. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:TJones_%28WMF%29/Notes/Language_Analyzer_Harmonization_Notes#ASCII-folding/ICU-folding_%28T332342%29] * View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|EditCheck]] was installed at Russian Wikipedia, and fixes were made for some missing user interface styles. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Editors who use the Toolforge tool [[toolforge:copyvios|Earwig's Copyright Violation Detector]] will now be required to log in with their Wikimedia account before running checks using the "search engine" option. This change is needed to help prevent external bots from misusing the system. Thanks to Chlod for these improvements. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:New_pages_patrol/Reviewers#Authentication_is_now_required_for_search_engine_checks_on_Earwig's_Copyvio_Tool] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] users can create tickets and add comments on existing tickets via Email again. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator/Help#Using email|Sending email to Phabricator]] has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356077] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Some HTML elements in the interface are now wrapped with a <code><nowiki><bdi></nowiki></code> element, to make our HTML output more aligned with Web standards. More changes like this will be coming in future weeks. This change might break some tools that rely on the previous HTML structure of the interface. Note that relying on the HTML structure of the interface is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Stable interface policy/Frontend#What is not stable?|not recommended]] and might break at any time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375975] '''In depth''' * The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/September 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes: updates on Wikimedia's authentication system, research to simplify feature development in the MediaWiki platform, updates on Parser Unification and MathML rollout, and more. * The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/October|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition include: research about improving topic suggestions related to countries, improvements to PHPUnit tests, and more. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W42"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०३:०७, १५ अक्टोबर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27597254 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-43</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W43"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Mobile Apps team has released an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh#Phase 1: Creating a user Profile Menu (T373714)|update]] to the iOS app's navigation, and it is now available in the latest App store version. The team added a new Profile menu that allows for easy access to editor features like Notifications and Watchlist from the Article view, and brings the "Donate" button into a more accessible place for users who are reading an article. This is the first phase of a larger planned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh|navigation refresh]] to help the iOS app transition from a primarily reader-focused app, to an app that fully supports reading and editing. The Wikimedia Foundation has added more editing features and support for on-wiki communication based on volunteer requests in recent years. [[File:IOS App Navigation refresh first phase 05.png|thumb|iOS Wikipedia App's profile menu and contents]] '''Updates for editors''' * Wikipedia readers can now download a browser extension to experiment with some early ideas on potential features that recommend articles for further reading, automatically summarize articles, and improve search functionality. For more details and to stay updated, check out the Web team's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments|Content Discovery Experiments page]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Web team's projects|subscribe to their newsletter]]. * Later this month, logged-out editors of [[phab:T376499|these 12 wikis]] will start to have [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] created. The list may slightly change - some wikis may be removed but none will be added. Temporary account is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/User account types|type of user account]]. It enhances the logged-out editors' privacy and makes it easier for community members to communicate with them. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on these 12 wikis, and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]]. Read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|deployment plan across all wikis]]. * View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[w:nr:Main Page|South Ndebele]], [[w:rsk:Главни бок|Pannonian Rusyn]], [[w:ann:Uwu|Obolo]], [[w:iba:Lambar Keterubah|Iban]] and [[w:tdd:ᥞᥨᥝᥴ ᥘᥣᥲ ᥖᥥᥰ|Tai Nüa]] Wikipedia languages were created last week. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36785][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35660][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36614][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33424][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36556] * It is now possible to create functions on Wikifunctions using Wikidata lexemes, through the new [[f:Z6005|Wikidata lexeme type]] launched last week. When you go to one of these functions, the user interface provides a lexeme selector that helps you pick a lexeme from Wikidata that matches the word you type. After hitting run, your selected lexeme is retrieved from Wikidata, transformed into a Wikidata lexeme type, and passed into the selected function. Read more about this in [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-17#Function of the Week: select representation from lexeme|the latest Wikifunctions newsletter]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Users of the Wikimedia sites can now format dates more easily in different languages with the new <code dir="ltr">{{[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef|#timef]]:…}}</code> parser function. For example, <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{#timef:now|date|en}}</nowiki></code> will show as "<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">{{#timef:now|date|en}}</bdi>". Previously, <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{#time:…}}</nowiki></code> could be used to format dates, but this required knowledge of the order of the time and date components and their intervening punctuation. <code dir="ltr">#timef</code> (or <code dir="ltr">#timefl</code> for local time) provides access to the standard date formats that MediaWiki uses in its user interface. This may help to simplify some templates on multi-lingual wikis like Commons and Meta. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223772][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Commons and Meta users can now efficiently [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Localization|retrieve the user's language]] using <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{USERLANGUAGE}}</nowiki></code> instead of using <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{int:lang}}</nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T4085] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Tech Advisory Council]] (PTAC) now has its pilot members with representation across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America. They will work to address the [[Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Technology Council|Movement Strategy's Technology Council]] initiative of having a co-defined and more resilient technological platform. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Strategy/Initiatives/Technology_Council] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/32|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: an upcoming Newcomer Homepage Community Updates module, new Community Configuration options, and details on new projects. * The Wikimedia Foundation is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Security Team#CNA Partnership|now an official partner of the CVE program]], which is an international effort to catalog publicly disclosed cybersecurity vulnerabilities. This partnership will allow the Security Team to instantly publish [[w:en:Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures|common vulnerabilities and exposures]] (CVE) records that are affecting MediaWiki core, extensions, and skins, along with any other code the Foundation is a steward of. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]] is now [[m:Community Wishlist/Updates#October 16, 2024: Conversations Made Easier: Machine-Translated Wishes Are Here!|testing machine translations]] for Wishlist content. Volunteers can now read machine-translated versions of wishes and dive into discussions even before translators arrive to translate content. '''Meetings and events''' * 24 October - Wiki Education Speaker Series Webinar - [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/N4XTB4G55BUY3M3PNGUAKQWJ7A4UOPAK/ Open Source Tech: Building the Wiki Education Dashboard], featuring Wikimedia interns and a Web developer in the panel. * 20–22 December 2024 - [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024|Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024]] in Odisha, India. A hackathon for community members, including developers, designers and content editors, to build technical solutions that improve contributors' experiences. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W43"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:३८, २२ अक्टोबर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27634672 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-44</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W44"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Later in November, the Charts extension will be deployed to the test wikis in order to help identify and fix any issue. A security review is underway to then enable deployment to pilot wikis for broader testing. You can read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#October 2024: Working towards production deployment|the October project update]] and see the [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Charts latest documentation and examples on Beta Wikipedia]. * View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[w:en:PediaPress|Pediapress.com]], an external service that creates books from Wikipedia, can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Maps|Wikimedia Maps]] to include existing pre-rendered infobox map images in their printed books on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375761] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Wikis can use [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|the Guided Tour extension]] to help newcomers understand how to edit. The Guided Tours extension now works with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Dark mode|dark mode]]. Guided Tour maintainers can check their tours to see that nothing looks odd. They can also set <code>emitTransitionOnStep</code> to <code>true</code> to fix an old bug. They can use the new flag <code>allowAutomaticBack</code> to avoid back-buttons they don't want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73927#10241528] * Administrators in the Wikimedia projects who use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Nuke|Nuke Extension]] will notice that mass deletions done with this tool have the "Nuke" tag. This change will make reviewing and analyzing deletions performed with the tool easier. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366068] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W44"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:४१, २९ अक्टोबर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27668811 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-45</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W45"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Stewards can now make [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks|global account blocks]] cause global [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblocks]]. This will assist stewards in preventing abuse from users who have been globally blocked. This includes preventing globally blocked temporary accounts from exiting their session or switching browsers to make subsequent edits for 24 hours. Previously, temporary accounts could exit their current session or switch browsers to continue editing. This is an anti-abuse tool improvement for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project. You can read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|progress on key features for temporary accounts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368949] * Wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]] can now use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event list#October 29, 2024: Collaboration List launched|Collaboration List]] feature. This list provides a new, easy way for contributors to learn about WikiProjects on their wikis. Thanks to the Campaign team for this work that is part of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product %26 Technology OKRs#WE KRs|the 2024/25 annual plan]]. If you are interested in bringing the CampaignEvents extension to your wiki, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|follow these steps]] or you can reach out to User:Udehb-WMF for help. * The text color for red links will be slightly changed later this week to improve their contrast in light mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370446] * View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, on multilingual wikis, users [[phab:T216368|can now]] hide translations from the WhatLinksHere special page. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * XML [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Data dumps|data dumps]] have been temporarily paused whilst a bug is investigated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/xmldatadumps-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/BXWJDPO5QI2QMBCY7HO36ELDCRO6HRM4/] '''In depth''' * Temporary Accounts have been deployed to six wikis; thanks to the Trust and Safety Product team for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|this work]], you can read about [[phab:T340001|the deployment plans]]. Beginning next week, Temporary Accounts will also be enabled on [[phab:T378336|seven other projects]]. If you are active on these wikis and need help migrating your tools, please reach out to [[m:User:Udehb-WMF|User:Udehb-WMF]] for assistance. * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/October|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: New languages supported in translatewiki or in MediaWiki; New keyboard input methods for some languages; details about recent and upcoming meetings, and more. '''Meetings and events''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] is happening in Vienna, Austria and online from 4 to 6 November 2024. The conference will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W45"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:३५, ५ नोभेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27693917 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-46</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W46"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * On wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] enabled, users will notice that the FuzzyBot will now automatically create translated versions of categories used on translated pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285463] * View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the submitted task to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SecurePoll|SecurePoll extension]] for English Wikipedia's special [[w:en:Wikipedia:Administrator elections|administrator election]] was resolved on time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371454] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] In <code dir="ltr">[[mw:MediaWiki_1.44/wmf.2|1.44.0-wmf-2]]</code>, the logic of Wikibase function <code>getAllStatements</code> changed to behave like <code>getBestStatements</code>. Invoking the function now returns a copy of values which are immutable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270851] * [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. The API will be rerouting some page content endpoints from RESTbase to the newer [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST API]] endpoints. The [[phab:T374683|impacted endpoints]] include getting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content. These changes will be available on testwiki later this week, with other projects to follow. This change should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints should verify behavior on testwiki, and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]]. '''In depth''' * Admins and users of the Wikimedia projects [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator_Tools/Automoderator#Usage|where Automoderator is enabled]] can now monitor and evaluate important metrics related to Automoderator's actions. [https://superset.wmcloud.org/superset/dashboard/unified-automoderator-activity-dashboard/ This Superset dashboard] calculates and aggregates metrics about Automoderator's behaviour on the projects in which it is deployed. Thanks to the Moderator Tools team for this Dashboard; you can visit [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator/Unified Activity Dashboard|the documentation page]] for more information about this work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369488] '''Meetings and events''' * 21 November 2024 ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] & [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]) - [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Community call]] with Wikimedia Commons volunteers and stakeholders to help prioritize support efforts for 2025-2026 Fiscal Year. The theme of this call is how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W46"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:५२, १२ नोभेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27732268 --> == This Month in Education: October 2024 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 13 • Issue 8 • October 2024</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/CBSUA Wiki Education turns 1 year|CBSUA Wiki Education turns 1 year]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/7th Senior WikiTown took place in Becov nad Teplou, Czech Republic|7th Senior WikiTown took place in Becov nad Teplou, Czech Republic]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Edit-a-thon about Modern Architecture in Kosovo|Edit-a-thon about Modern Architecture in Kosovo]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Edu_Wiki_in_South_Sudan:_Creating_a_better_future_in_education|Empowering Digital Literacy through Wikimedia in South Sudan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Many new articles and contributions in September and October for Wikimedia MKD|Many new articles and contributions in September and October for Wikimedia MKD]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/New Record: 5 Events in Municipal Library within a Month |New Record: 5 Events in Municipal Library within a Month]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Wiki-Education programs in Brazil are centered around the Wikidata and Wikisource platforms|Wiki-Education programs in Brazil are centered around the Wikidata and Wikisource platforms]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/WikiChallenge African Schools wins the “Open Pedagogy” Award 2024 from OE Global|WikiChallenge African Schools wins the “Open Pedagogy” Award 2024 from OE Global]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Wikipedia helps in improving cognitive skills|Wikipedia helps in improving cognitive skills]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Wikipedia in Graduate Studies: Expanding Research Impact|Wikipedia in Graduate Studies: Expanding Research Impact]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/WiLMa PH establishes a Wiki Club|WiLMa PH establishes a Wiki Club]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २०:४२, १२ नोभेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=27733413 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-47</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W47"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Users of Wikimedia sites will now be warned when they create a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects|redirect]] to a page that doesn't exist. This will reduce the number of broken redirects to red links in our projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326057] * View all {{formatnum:42}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:42|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Overview|Pywikibot]], which automates work on MediaWiki sites, was upgraded to 9.5.0 on Toolforge. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378676] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * On wikis that use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]], pages created or moved by users with the appropriate permissions are marked as flagged automatically. This feature has not been working recently, and changes fixing it should be deployed this week. Thanks to Daniel and Wargo for working on this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379218][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368380] '''In depth''' * There is a new [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/11/05/say-hi-to-temporary-accounts-easier-collaboration-with-logged-out-editors-with-better-privacy-protection Diff post] about Temporary Accounts, available in more than 15 languages. Read it to learn about what Temporary Accounts are, their impact on different groups of users, and the plan to introduce the change on all wikis. '''Meetings and events''' * Technical volunteers can now register for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which will take place in Istanbul, Turkey. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/hackathon2025/ Application for travel and accommodation scholarships] is open from '''November 12 to December 10 2024'''. The registration for the event will close in mid-April 2025. The Wikimedia Hackathon is an annual gathering that unites the global technical community to collaborate on existing projects and explore new ideas. * Join the [[C:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF%20support%20for%20Commons/Commons%20community%20calls|Wikimedia Commons community calls]] this week to help prioritize support for Commons which will be planned for 2025–2026. The theme will be how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons. This is an opportunity for volunteers who work on different things to come together and talk about what matters for the future of the project. The calls will take place '''November 21, 2024, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]'''. * A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place '''November 29, 16:00 UTC''' to discuss updates and technical problem-solving. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W47"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:४६, १९ नोभेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27806858 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-48</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W48"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new version of the standard wikitext editor-mode [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will be available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] later this week. This brings many new features and bug fixes, including right-to-left support, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Template folding|template folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and an improved search panel. You can learn more on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]]. * The 2010 wikitext editor now supports common keyboard shortcuts such <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Ctrl</code>+<code>B</code></bdi> for bold and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Ctrl</code>+<code>I</code></bdi> for italics. A full [[mw:Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|list of all six shortcuts]] is available. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62928] * Starting November 28, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: <bdi>bswiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>elwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>euwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>fawiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>fiwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwikiquote</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwikisource</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwikiversity</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwikivoyage</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>idwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>lvwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>plwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>ptwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>urwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>viwikisource</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>zhwikisource</bdi>. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a user creating a new AbuseFilter can now only set the filter to "protected" [[phab:T377765|if it includes a protected variable]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]], which can be used in JavaScript, CSS, JSON, and Lua pages, [[phab:T377663|now offers]] live autocompletion. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. The feature can be temporarily disabled on a page by pressing <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Ctrl</code>+<code>,</code></bdi> and un-selecting "<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Live Autocompletion</bdi>". * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool-maintainers who use the Graphite system for tracking metrics, need to migrate to the newer Prometheus system. They can check [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/K6DEOo5Ik/grafana-graphite-datasource-utilization?orgId=1 this dashboard] and the list in the Description of the [[phab:T350592|task T350592]] to see if their tools are listed, and they should claim metrics and dashboards connected to their tools. They can then disable or migrate all existing metrics by following the instructions in the task. The Graphite service will become read-only in April. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/KLUV4IOLRYXPQFWD6WKKJUHMWE77BMSZ/] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/NewPP parser report|New PreProcessor parser performance report]] has been fixed to give an accurate count for the number of Wikibase entities accessed. It had previously been resetting after 400 entities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T279069] '''Meetings and events''' * A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place November 29 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000 16:00 UTC]. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Mooré Wikipedia, the language support track at [[m:Wiki Indaba|Wiki Indaba]], and a report from the Wayuunaiki community on their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community over the last 3 years. This meeting will be in English and will also have Spanish interpretation. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W48"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:२७, २६ नोभेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27847039 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-49</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W49"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Two new parser functions were added this week. The <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interwikilink|#interwikilink]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interwiki links|interwiki link]] and the <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interlanguagelink|#interlanguagelink]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interlanguage links|interlanguage link]]. These parser functions are useful on wikis where namespaces conflict with interwiki prefixes. For example, links beginning with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>MOS:</code></bdi> on English Wikipedia [[phab:T363538|conflict with the <code>mos</code> language code prefix of Mooré Wikipedia]]. * Starting this week, Wikimedia wikis no longer support connections using old RSA-based HTTPS certificates, specifically rsa-2048. This change is to improve security for all users. Some older, unsupported browser or smartphone devices will be unable to connect; Instead, they will display a connectivity error. See the [[wikitech:HTTPS/Browser_Recommendations|HTTPS Browser Recommendations page]] for more-detailed information. All modern operating systems and browsers are always able to reach Wikimedia projects. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/CTYEHVNSXUD3NFAAMG3BLZVTVQWJXJAH/] * Starting December 16, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: <bdi>arwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>cawiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>mediawikiwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>orwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>wawiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>wawiktionary</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>wikidatawiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>zhwiki</bdi>. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380910] * This month the Chart extension was deployed to production and is now available on Commons and Testwiki. With the security review complete, pilot wiki deployment is expected to start in the first week of December. You can see a working version [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details. * View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug with the "Download as PDF" system was fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376438] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * In late February, temporary accounts will be rolled out on at least 10 large wikis. This deployment will have a significant effect on the community-maintained code. This is about Toolforge tools, bots, gadgets, and user scripts that use IP address data or that are available for logged-out users. The Trust and Safety Product team wants to identify this code, monitor it, and assist in updating it ahead of the deployment to minimize disruption to workflows. The team asks technical editors and volunteer developers to help identify such tools by adding them to [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/Impacted tools|this list]]. In addition, review the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|updated documentation]] to learn how to adjust the tools. Join the discussions on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|project talk page]] or in the [[discord:channels/221049808784326656/1227616742340034722|dedicated thread]] on the [[w:Wikipedia:Discord|Wikimedia Community Discord server (in English)]] for support and to share feedback. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W49"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:०८, ३ डिसेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27873992 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-50</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W50"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Technical documentation contributors can find updated resources, and new ways to connect with each other and the Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team, at the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Documentation|Documentation hub]] on MediaWiki.org. This page links to: resources for writing and improving documentation, a new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">#wikimedia-techdocs</bdi> IRC channel on libera.chat, a listing of past and upcoming documentation events, and ways to request a documentation consultation or review. If you have any feedback or ideas for improvements to the documentation ecosystem, please [[mw:Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team#Contact us|contact the Technical Documentation Team]]. '''Updates for editors''' [[File:Edit Check on Desktop.png|thumb|Layout change for the Edit Check feature]] * Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] will be relocated to a sidebar on desktop. Edit check is the feature for new editors to help them follow policies and guidelines. This layout change creates space to present people with [[mw:Edit check#1 November 2024|new Checks]] that appear ''while'' they are typing. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#Reference Check A/B Test|initial results]] show newcomers encountering Edit Check are 2.2 times more likely to publish a new content edit that includes a reference and is not reverted. * The Chart extension, which enables editors to create data visualizations, was successfully made available on MediaWiki.org and three pilot wikis (Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedias). You can see a working examples [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details. * Translators in wikis where the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now discover articles in Wikiproject campaigns of their interest from the "[https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=specialcx&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=collections&active-list=suggestions&from=es&to=en All collection]" category in the articles suggestion feature. Wikiproject Campaign organizers can use this feature, to help translators to discover articles of interest, by adding the <code dir=ltr><nowiki><page-collection> </page-collection></nowiki></code> tag to their campaign article list page on Meta-wiki. This will make those articles discoverable in the Content Translation tool. For more detailed information on how to use the tool and tag, please refer to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based & Community-defined lists/How to use the features|the step-by-step guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378958] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, now has a [[phab:T376379#10310998|multiselect filter for namespace selection]]. This enables users to select multiple specific namespaces, instead of only one or all, when fetching pages for deletion. * The Nuke feature also now [[phab:T364225#10371365|provides links]] to the userpage of the user whose pages were deleted, and to the pages which were not selected for deletion, after page deletions are queued. This enables easier follow-up admin-actions. Thanks to Chlod and the Moderator Tools team for both of these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364225#10371365] * The Editing Team is working on making it easier to populate citations from archive.org using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|Citoid]] tool, the auto-filled citation generator. They are asking communities to add two parameters preemptively, <code dir=ltr>archiveUrl</code> and <code dir=ltr>archiveDate</code>, within the TemplateData for each citation template using Citoid. You can see an [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACite_web%2Fdoc&diff=1261320172&oldid=1260788022 example of a change in a template], and a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?namespaces=10&q=%5C%22citoid%5C%22%3A%20%5C%7B&regex=1&title= list of all relevant templates]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374831] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9240|Indonesian]] ([[voy:id:|<code>voy:id:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380726] * Last week, all wikis had problems serving pages to logged-in users and some logged-out users for 30–45 minutes. This was caused by a database problem, and investigation is ongoing. [https://www.wikimediastatus.net/incidents/3g2ckc7bp6l9] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add Link]] feature has been fixed. Previously, the list of sections which are excluded from Add Link was partially ignored in certain cases. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380455][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380329] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, now has an early-stage [[git:design/codex-php|implementation in PHP]]. It is available for general use in MediaWiki extensions and Toolforge apps through [https://packagist.org/packages/wikimedia/codex Composer], with use in MediaWiki core coming soon. More information is available in [[wmdoc:design-codex-php/main/index.html|the documentation]]. Thanks to Doğu for the inspiration and many contributions to the library. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379662] * [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. On December 4, the MediaWiki Interfaces team began rerouting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content endpoints on [[testwiki:|testwiki]] from RESTbase to comparable MediaWiki REST API endpoints. The team encourages active users of these endpoints to verify their tool's behavior on testwiki and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]] before the end of the year, as they intend to roll out the same change across all Wikimedia projects in early January. These changes are part of the work to replace the outdated [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|RESTBase]] system. * The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/986172 2024 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 3 January 2025, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:Developer Satisfaction Survey 2024 Privacy Statement|privacy statement]]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''Meetings and events''' * The next meeting in the series of [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation discussions with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12 December 2024 08:00 UTC|December 12 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12_December 2024 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is new media and new contributors. Contributors from all wikis are welcome to attend. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W50"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:०१, १० डिसेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27919424 --> == This Month in Education: November 2024 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 13 • Issue 9 • November 2024</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Auckland Museum Wikipedia Student Programme|Auckland Museum Wikipedia Student Programme]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Citizenship and free knowledge on Wikipedia in Albanian language|Citizenship and free knowledge on Wikipedia in Albanian language]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Engaging students with Wikipedia and Wikidata at Hasanuddin University’s Wikimedia Week|Engaging students with Wikipedia and Wikidata at Hasanuddin University’s Wikimedia Week]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Minigrant initiative by empowering the Rrëshen community in Albania|Minigrant initiative by empowering the Rrëshen community in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikidata birthday in Albania, 2024|Wikidata birthday in Albania, 2024]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikidata birthday in School |Wikidata birthday in School]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikimedia Education Workshop at Lumbini Technological University|Wikimedia Education Workshop at Lumbini Technological University]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikimedia MKD's new collaborations and new content|Wikimedia MKD's new collaborations and new content]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Improving Historical Knowledge on Persian Wikipedia through a continuous Wikimedia Education Program: Shahid Beheshti University Wikipedia Education Program|Improving Historical Knowledge on Persian Wikipedia through a continuous Wikimedia Education Program: Shahid Beheshti University Wikipedia Education Program]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २०:५८, १० डिसेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=27879342 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2024-51</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2024-W51"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Interested in improving event management on your home wiki? The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] offers organizers features like event registration management, event/wikiproject promotion, finding potential participants, and more - all directly on-wiki. If you are an organizer or think your community would benefit from this extension, start a discussion to enable it on your wiki today. To learn more about how to enable this extension on your wiki, visit the [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|deployment status page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in Italy and Mexico on the Italian, Spanish, and English Wikipedias, can see a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review|personalized Year in Review]] with insights based on their reading and editing history. * Users of the Android Wikipedia App in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia can see the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Rabbit Holes|Rabbit Holes]] feature. This feature shows a suggested search term in the Search bar based on the current article being viewed, and a suggested reading list generated from the user’s last two visited articles. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|global reminder bot]] is now active and running on nearly 800 wikis. This service reminds most users holding temporary rights when they are about to expire, so that they can renew should they want to. See [[m:Global reminder bot/Technical details|the technical details page]] for more information. * The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 13 January 2025 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was [[phab:T374988|fixed]] in the Android Wikipedia App which had caused translatable SVG images to show the wrong language when they were tapped. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * There is no new MediaWiki version next week. The next deployments will start on 14 January. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar/2025] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W51"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:१०, १७ डिसेम्बर २०२४ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27942374 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-03</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Single User Login system is being updated over the next few months. This is the system which allows users to fill out the login form on one Wikimedia site and get logged in on all others at the same time. It needs to be updated because of the ways that browsers are increasingly restricting cross-domain cookies. To accommodate these restrictions, login and account creation pages will move to a central domain, but it will still appear to the user as if they are on the originating wiki. The updated code will be enabled this week for users on test wikis. This change is planned to roll out to all users during February and March. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and a timeline. '''Updates for editors''' * On wikis with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments|PageAssessments]] installed, you can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments#Search|filter search results]] to pages in a given WikiProject by using the <code dir=ltr>inproject:</code> keyword. (These wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-huwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378868] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q34129|Tigre]] ([[w:tig:|<code>w:tig:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381377] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with updating a user's edit-count after making a rollback edit, which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382592] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia REST API users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. Starting the week of January 13, we will begin rerouting [[phab:T374683|some page content endpoints]] from RESTbase to the newer MediaWiki REST API endpoints for all wiki projects. This change was previously available on testwiki and should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints may raise issues directly to the [[phab:project/view/6931/|MediaWiki Interfaces Team]] in Phabricator if they arise. * Toolforge tool maintainers can now share their feedback on Toolforge UI, an initiative to provide a web platform that allows creating and managing Toolforge tools through a graphic interface, in addition to existing command-line workflows. This project aims to streamline active maintainers’ tasks, as well as make registration and deployment processes more accessible for new tool creators. The initiative is still at a very early stage, and the Cloud Services team is in the process of collecting feedback from the Toolforge community to help shape the solution to their needs. [[wikitech:Wikimedia Cloud Services team/EnhancementProposals/Toolforge UI|Read more and share your thoughts about Toolforge UI]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] For tool and library developers who use the OAuth system: The identity endpoint used for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user|OAuth 1]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user 2|OAuth 2]] returned a JSON object with an integer in its <code>sub</code> field, which was incorrect (the field must always be a string). This has been fixed; the fix will be deployed to Wikimedia wikis on the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382139] * Many wikis currently use [[:mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|Cite CSS]] to render custom footnote markers in Parsoid output. Starting January 20 these rules will be disabled, but the developers ask you to ''not'' clean up your <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]</bdi> until February 20 to avoid issues during the migration. Your wikis might experience some small changes to footnote markers in Visual Editor and when using experimental Parsoid read mode, but if there are changes these are expected to bring the rendering in line with the legacy parser output. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370027] '''Meetings and events''' * The next meeting in the series of [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation Community Conversations with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 08:00 UTC|January 15 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is defining the priorities in tool investment for Commons. Contributors from all wikis, especially users who are maintaining tools for Commons, are welcome to attend. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W03"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:२७, १४ जनवरी २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28048614 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-04</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Administrators can mass-delete multiple pages created by a user or IP address using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Extension:Nuke]]. It previously only allowed deletion of pages created in the last 30 days. It can now delete pages from the last 90 days, provided it is targeting a specific user or IP address. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380846] * On [[phab:P72148|wikis that use]] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Patrolled edits|Patrolled edits]] feature, when the rollback feature is used to revert an unpatrolled page revision, that revision will now be marked as "manually patrolled" instead of "autopatrolled", which is more accurate. Some editors that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Filtering|filters]] on Recent Changes may need to update their filter settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302140] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Visual Editor's "Insert link" feature did not always suggest existing pages properly when an editor started typing, which has now been [[phab:T383497|fixed]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is being progressively removed from the wikis. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|The last group of wikis]] ({{int:project-localized-name-cawikiquote/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiwikimedia/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gomwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kabwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwikibooks/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sewikimedia/en}}) will soon be contacted. If you have questions about this process, please ping [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] at your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380912] * The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical_Community_Newsletter/2025/January|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: updates about services from the Data Platform Engineering teams, information about Codex from the Design System team, and more. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W04"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:२२, २१ जनवरी २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28129769 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-05</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Patrollers and admins - what information or context about edits or users could help you to make patroller or admin decisions more quickly or easily? The Wikimedia Foundation wants to hear from you to help guide its upcoming annual plan. Please consider sharing your thoughts on this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|13 other questions]] to shape the technical direction for next year. '''Updates for editors''' * iOS Wikipedia App users worldwide can now access a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review/How your data is used|personalized Year in Review]] feature, which provides insights based on their reading and editing history on Wikipedia. This project is part of a broader effort to help welcome new readers as they discover and interact with encyclopedic content. * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Edit patrollers now have a new feature available that can highlight potentially problematic new pages. When a page is created with the same title as a page which was previously deleted, a tag ('Recreated') will now be added, which users can filter for in [[{{#special:RecentChanges}}]] and [[{{#special:NewPages}}]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T56145] * Later this week, there will be a new warning for editors if they attempt to create a redirect that links to another redirect (a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects#Double redirects|double redirect]]). The feature will recommend that they link directly to the second redirect's target page. Thanks to the user SomeRandomDeveloper for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326056] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia wikis allow [[w:en:WebAuthn|WebAuthn]]-based second factor checks (such as hardware tokens) during login, but the feature is [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Miscellaneous/Fix security key (WebAuthn) support|fragile]] and has very few users. The MediaWiki Platform team is temporarily disabling adding new WebAuthn keys, to avoid interfering with the rollout of [[mw:MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3]] (single user login version 3). Existing keys are unaffected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378402] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * For developers that use the [[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake/Edits/MediaWiki history dumps|MediaWiki History dumps]]: The Data Platform Engineering team has added a couple of new fields to these dumps, to support the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] initiative. If you maintain software that reads those dumps, please review your code and the updated documentation, since the order of the fields in the row will change. There will also be one field rename: in the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mediawiki_user_history</code></bdi> dump, the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>anonymous</code></bdi> field will be renamed to <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>is_anonymous</code></bdi>. The changes will take effect with the next release of the dumps in February. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LKMFDS62TXGDN6L56F4ABXYLN7CSCQDI/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W05"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:००, २८ जनवरी २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28149374 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-06</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors who use the "Special characters" editing-toolbar menu can now see the 32 special characters you have used most recently, across editing sessions on that wiki. This change should help make it easier to find the characters you use most often. The feature is in both the 2010 wikitext editor and VisualEditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T110722] * Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor can now create sublists with correct indentation by selecting the line(s) you want to indent and then clicking the toolbar buttons.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380438] You can now also insert <code><nowiki><code></nowiki></code> tags using a new toolbar button.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383010] Thanks to user stjn for these improvements. * Help is needed to ensure the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]] works properly on each wiki. ** (1) Administrators should update the local versions of the page <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json</code> to include entries for <code dir=ltr>preprint</code>, <code dir=ltr>standard</code>, and <code dir=ltr>dataset</code>; Here are example diffs to replicate [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&diff=1189164774&oldid=1165783565 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&diff=1270832208&oldid=1270828390 for 'standard' and 'dataset']. ** (2.1) If the citoid map in the citation template used for these types of references is missing, [[mediawikiwiki:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki#Step 2.a: Create a 'citoid' maps value for each citation template|one will need to be added]]. (2.2) If the citoid map does exist, the TemplateData will need to be updated to include new field names. Here are example updates [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&diff=1270829051&oldid=1262470053 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&diff=1270831369&oldid=1270829480 for 'standard' and 'dataset']. The new fields that may need to be supported are <code dir=ltr>archiveID</code>, <code dir=ltr>identifier</code>, <code dir=ltr>repository</code>, <code dir=ltr>organization</code>, <code dir=ltr>repositoryLocation</code>, <code dir=ltr>committee</code>, and <code dir=ltr>versionNumber</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383666] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q15637215|Central Kanuri]] ([[w:knc:|<code>w:knc:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385181] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Wikisource/Wikimedia OCR|OCR (optical character recognition) tool]] used for Wikisource now supports a new language, Church Slavonic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384782] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W06"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:५४, ४ फेब्रुअरी २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28203495 --> == [[User:मर्मिक|मर्मिक]]बाट प्रश्न (११:३३, ४ फेब्रुअरी २०२५) == साच्चिकै लेख्न शैलीमा कस्तो प्रकारको शब्द चयन र प्रकाशन गर्दा कस्तो तरीकाबाट गर्न सकिन्छ हो मलाई Wikipediaको बारेमा ज्ञान् त छोइन अब सिक्न खोजिरहेको छु --[[User:मर्मिक|मर्मिक]] ([[User talk:मर्मिक|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) ११:३३, ४ फेब्रुअरी २०२५ (नेपाली समय) == This Month in Education: January 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 1 • January 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Advancing Education Pillar in Kosovo: 2024 Journey|Advancing Education Pillar in Kosovo: 2024 Journey]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Auckland Museum Wikipedia Students Making Progress|Auckland Museum Wikipedia Students Making Progress]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Celebrating 10 Years of Wiki Education|Celebrating 10 Years of Wiki Education]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Empowering Multilingual Students: Expanding Wikipedia Through Collaboration of foreign languages faculty's students of the University of Tehran|Empowering Multilingual Students: Expanding Wikipedia Through Collaboration of foreign languages faculty's students of the University of Tehran]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Ensuring accurate and authentic information with 1Lib1Ref Campaign in Anambra|Ensuring accurate and authentic information with 1Lib1Ref Campaign in Anambra]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Experiences of Wikipedia in the classroom with a gender perspective in Monterrey |Experiences of Wikipedia in the classroom with a gender perspective in Monterrey]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Fine Arts University Students exploring Wikipedia in Tirana, Albania|Fine Arts University Students exploring Wikipedia in Tirana, Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Lviv hosted Ukraine’s first student photo walk for Wikipedia|Lviv hosted Ukraine’s first student photo walk for Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Many new trained volunteers and new articles at the end of the year in Macedonia|Many new trained volunteers and new articles at the end of the year in Macedonia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Wikimedia and Scientific Events in Brazil|Wikimedia and Scientific Events in Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Wiki Workshop- Call for Contributions|Wiki Workshop- Call for Contributions]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २१:४१, ५ फेब्रुअरी २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=28111205 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-07</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Product and Technology Advisory Council (PTAC) has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|a draft of their recommendations]] for the Wikimedia Foundation's Product and Technology department. They have recommended focusing on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback/Mobile experiences|mobile experiences]], particularly contributions. They request community [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|feedback at the talk page]] by 21 February. '''Updates for editors''' * The "Special pages" portlet link will be moved from the "Toolbox" into the "Navigation" section of the main menu's sidebar by default. This change is because the Toolbox is intended for tools relating to the current page, not tools relating to the site, so the link will be more logically and consistently located. To modify this behavior and update CSS styling, administrators can follow the instructions at [[phab:T385346|T385346]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333211] * As part of this year's work around improving the ways readers discover content on the wikis, the Web team will be running an experiment with a small number of readers that displays some suggestions for related or interesting articles within the search bar. Please check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments#Experiment 1: Display article recommendations in more prominent locations, search|the project page]] for more information. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template editors who use TemplateStyles can now customize output for users with specific accessibility needs by using accessibility related media queries (<code dir=ltr>[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-motion prefers-reduced-motion]</code>, <code dir=ltr>[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-transparency prefers-reduced-transparency]</code>, <code dir=ltr>[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-contrast prefers-contrast]</code>, and <code dir=ltr>[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/forced-colors forced-colors]</code>). Thanks to user Bawolff for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384175] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the global blocks log will now be shown directly on the {{#special:CentralAuth}} page, similarly to global locks, to simplify the workflows for stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377024] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Wikidata [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Default values for labels and aliases|now supports a special language as a "default for all languages"]] for labels and aliases. This is to avoid excessive duplication of the same information across many languages. If your Wikidata queries use labels, you may need to update them as some existing labels are getting removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312511] * The function <code dir="ltr">getDescription</code> was invoked on every Wiki page read and accounts for ~2.5% of a page's total load time. The calculated value will now be cached, reducing load on Wikimedia servers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383660] * As part of the RESTBase deprecation [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|effort]], the <code dir="ltr">/page/related</code> endpoint has been blocked as of February 6, 2025, and will be removed soon. This timeline was chosen to align with the deprecation schedules for older Android and iOS versions. The stable alternative is the "<code dir="ltr">morelike</code>" action API in MediaWiki, and [[gerrit:c/mediawiki/services/mobileapps/+/982154/13/pagelib/src/transform/FooterReadMore.js|a migration example]] is available. The MediaWiki Interfaces team [[phab:T376297|can be contacted]] for any questions. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/GFC2IJO7L4BWO3YTM7C5HF4MCCBE2RJ2/] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: Updates about the "Contribute" menu; details on some of the newest language editions of Wikipedia; details on new languages supported by the MediaWiki interface; updates on the Community-defined lists feature; and more. * The latest [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#January 2025: Better visibility into charts and tabular data usage|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on the progress towards bringing better visibility into global charts usage and support for categorizing pages in the Data namespace on Commons. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W07"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:५७, ११ फेब्रुअरी २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28231022 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-08</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Communities using growth tools can now showcase one event on the <code>{{#special:Homepage}}</code> for newcomers. This feature will help newcomers to be informed about editing activities they can participate in. Administrators can create a new event to showcase at <code>{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}</code>. To learn more about this feature, please read [[diffblog:2025/02/12/community-updates-module-connecting-newcomers-to-your-initiatives/|the Diff post]], have a look [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Community updates module|at the documentation]], or contact [[mw:Talk:Growth|the Growth team]]. '''Updates for editors''' [[File:Page Frame Features on desktop.png|thumb|Highlighted talk pages improvements]] * Starting next week, talk pages at these wikis – {{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}} – will get [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|a new design]]. This change was extensively tested as a Beta feature and is the last step of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|talk pages improvements]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379102] * You can now navigate to view a redirect page directly from its action pages, such as the history page. Previously, you were forced to first go to the redirect target. This change should help editors who work with redirects a lot. Thanks to user stjn for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T5324] * When a Cite reference is reused many times, wikis currently show either numbers like "1.23" or localized alphabetic markers like "a b c" in the reference list. Previously, if there were so many reuses that the alphabetic markers were all used, [[MediaWiki:Cite error references no backlink label|an error message]] was displayed. As part of the work to [[phab:T383036|modernize Cite customization]], these errors will no longer be shown and instead the backlinks will fall back to showing numeric markers like "1.23" once the alphabetic markers are all used. * The log entries for each change to an editor's user-groups are now clearer by specifying exactly what has changed, instead of the plain before and after listings. Translators can [[phab:T369466|help to update the localized versions]]. Thanks to user Msz2001 for these improvements. * A new filter has been added to the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool, which allows administrators to mass delete pages, to enable users to filter for pages in a range of page sizes (in bytes). This allows, for example, deleting pages only of a certain size or below. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378488] * Non-administrators can now check which pages are able to be deleted using the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool. Thanks to user MolecularPilot for this and the previous improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376378] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed in the configuration for the AV1 video file format, which enables these files to play again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382193] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to most Wiktionaries over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyage to Parsoid Read Views last year. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385923][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371640] * Developers of tools that run on-wiki should note that <code dir=ltr>mw.Uri</code> is deprecated. Tools requiring <code dir=ltr>mw.Uri</code> must explicitly declare <code dir=ltr>mediawiki.Uri</code> as a ResourceLoader dependency, and should migrate to the browser native <code dir=ltr>URL</code> API soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384515] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W08"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०३:०२, १८ फेब्रुअरी २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28275610 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-09</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Administrators can now customize how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User language|Babel feature]] creates categories using [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Babel}}]]. They can rename language categories, choose whether they should be auto-created, and adjust other settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374348] * The <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[https://www.wikimedia.org/ wikimedia.org]</bdi> portal has been updated – and is receiving some ongoing improvements – to modernize and improve the accessibility of our portal pages. It now has better support for mobile layouts, updated wording and links, and better language support. Additionally, all of the Wikimedia project portals, such as <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[https://wikibooks.org wikibooks.org]</bdi>, now support dark mode when a reader is using that system setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373204][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368221][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Project_portals] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33965|Santali]] ([[wikt:sat:|<code>wikt:sat:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386619] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that prevented clicking on search results in the web-interface for some Firefox for Android phone configurations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381289] '''Meetings and events''' * The next Language Community Meeting is happening soon, February 28th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1740751200 14:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: highlights and technical updates on keyboard and tools for the Sámi languages, Translatewiki.net contributions from the Bahasa Lampung community in Indonesia, and technical Q&A. If you'd like to join, simply [[mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#28 February 2025|sign up on the wiki page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W09"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:२६, २५ फेब्रुअरी २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28296129 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-10</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * All logged-in editors using the mobile view can now edit a full page. The "{{int:Minerva-page-actions-editfull}}" link is accessible from the "{{int:minerva-page-actions-overflow}}" menu in the toolbar. This was previously only available to editors using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|Advanced mobile contributions]] setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387180] * Interface administrators can now help to remove the deprecated Cite CSS code matching "<code dir="ltr">mw-ref</code>" from their local <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]</bdi>. The list of wikis in need of cleanup, and the code to remove, [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-ref%5B%5E-a-z%5D&regex=1&namespaces=8&title=.*css can be found with this global search] and in [https://ace.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&oldid=145662#L-139--L-144 this example], and you can learn more about how to help on the [[mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|CSS migration project page]]. The Cite footnote markers ("<code dir="ltr">[1]</code>") are now rendered by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]], and the deprecated CSS is no longer needed. The CSS for backlinks ("<code dir="ltr">mw:referencedBy</code>") should remain in place for now. This cleanup is expected to cause no visible changes for readers. Please help to remove this code before March 20, after which the development team will do it for you. * When editors embed a file (e.g. <code><nowiki>[[File:MediaWiki.png]]</nowiki></code>) on a page that is protected with cascading protection, the software will no longer restrict edits to the file description page, only to new file uploads.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24521] In contrast, transcluding a file description page (e.g. <code><nowiki>{{:File:MediaWiki.png}}</nowiki></code>) will now restrict edits to the page.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62109] * When editors revert a file to an earlier version it will now require the same permissions as ordinarily uploading a new version of the file. The software now checks for 'reupload' or 'reupload-own' rights,[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304474] and respects cascading protection.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140010] * When administrators are listing pages for deletion with the Nuke tool, they can now also list associated talk pages and redirects for deletion, alongside pages created by the target, rather than needing to manually delete these pages afterwards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T95797] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|previously noted]] update to Single User Login, which will accommodate browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies by moving login and account creation to a central domain, will now roll out to all users during March and April. The team plans to enable it for all new account creation on [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Tuesday|Group0]] wikis this week. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and an updated timeline. * Since last week there has been a bug that shows some interface icons as black squares until the page has fully loaded. It will be fixed this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387351] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q2044560|Sylheti]] ([[w:syl:|<code>w:syl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386441] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed with loading images in very old versions of the Firefox browser on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386400] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W10"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०८:१६, ४ मार्च २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28334563 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-11</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors who use password managers at multiple wikis may notice changes in the future. The way that our wikis provide information to password managers about reusing passwords across domains has recently been updated, so some password managers might now offer you login credentials that you saved for a different Wikimedia site. Some password managers already did this, and are now doing it for more Wikimedia domains. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3 project]] which aims to improve how our unified login works, and to keep it compatible with ongoing changes to the web-browsers we use. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385520][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384844] * The Wikipedia Apps Team is inviting interested users to help improve Wikipedia’s offline and limited internet use. After discussions in [[m:Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]] and the last [[m:Special:MyLanguage/ESEAP Hub/Meetings|ESEAP call]], key challenges like search, editing, and offline access are being explored, with upcoming focus groups to dive deeper into these topics. All languages are welcome, and interpretation will be available. Want to share your thoughts? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Improving Wikipedia Mobile Apps for Offline & Limited Internet Use|Join the discussion]] or email <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">aramadan@wikimedia.org</bdi>! * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 19. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/33|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the launch of the Community Updates module, the most recent changes in Community Configuration, and the upcoming test of in-article suggestions for first-time editors. * An old API that was previously used in the Android Wikipedia app is being removed at the end of March. There are no current software uses, but users of the app with a version that is older than 6 months by the time of removal (2025-03-31), will no longer have access to the Suggested Edits feature, until they update their app. You can [[diffblog:2025/02/24/sunset-of-wikimedia-recommendation-api/|read more details about this change]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W11"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:५५, ११ मार्च २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28372257 --> == This Month in Education: February 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 2 • February 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Activities series at the Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania|Activities series at the Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wikimedia Brazil has formed a partnership with a public policy research institute|Wikimedia Brazil has formed a partnership with a public policy research institute]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Preserving Heritage: Tuluvas Aati Month Educational Wikimedia Programs|Preserving Heritage: Tuluvas Aati Month Educational Wikimedia Programs]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Reflecting on our Past: Farewell to the Auckland Museum Summer Students|Reflecting on our Past: Farewell to the Auckland Museum Summer Students]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Successful Conclusion of the Second Phase of "Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom" in Yemen|Successful Conclusion of the Second Phase of "Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom" in Yemen]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wiki Workshop in Mitrovica |Wiki Workshop in Mitrovica]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wikimedia MKD' Education: Lots of new trained users, lots of new articles|Wikimedia MKD' Education: Lots of new trained users, lots of new articles]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wikimedia Serbia receives accreditation from the National Library of Serbia for the Wiki Senior seminar|Wikimedia Serbia receives accreditation from the National Library of Serbia for the Wiki Senior seminar]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १४:४९, १२ मार्च २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=28314249 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-12</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Twice a year, around the equinoxes, the Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team performs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|a datacenter server switchover]], redirecting all traffic from one primary server to its backup. This provides reliability in case of a crisis, as we can always fall back on the other datacenter. [http://listen.hatnote.com/ Thanks to the Listen to Wikipedia] tool, you can hear the switchover take place: Before it begins, you'll hear the steady stream of edits; Then, as the system enters a brief read-only phase, the sound stops for a couple of minutes, before resuming after the switchover. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]]. If you want to keep an ear out for the next server switchover, listen to the wikis on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 March 19 at 14:00 UTC]. '''Updates for editors''' * The [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=es improved Content Translation tool dashboard] is now available in [[phab:T387820|10 Wikipedias]] and will be available for all Wikipedias [[phab:T387821|soon]]. With [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|the unified dashboard]], desktop users can now: Translate new sections of an article; Discover and access topic-based [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=ig&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits article suggestion filters] (initially available only for mobile device users); Discover and access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based & Community-defined lists|Community-defined lists]] filter, also known as "Collections", from wiki-projects and campaigns. * On Wikimedia Commons, a [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements#Improve category selection|new system to select the appropriate file categories]] has been introduced: if a category has one or more subcategories, users will be able to click on an arrow that will open the subcategories directly within the form, and choose the correct one. The parent category name will always be shown on top, and it will always be possible to come back to it. This should decrease the amount of work for volunteers in fixing/creating new categories. The change is also available on mobile. These changes are part of planned improvements to the UploadWizard. * The Community Tech team is seeking wikis to join a pilot for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] feature and a refreshed Special:Block page in late March. Multiblocks enables administrators to impose multiple different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. If you are an admin or steward and would like us to discuss joining the pilot with your community, please leave a message on the [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|project talk page]]. * Starting March 25, the Editing team will test a new feature for Edit Check at [[phab:T384372|12 Wikipedias]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi-check|Multi-Check]]. Half of the newcomers on these wikis will see all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Checks]] during their edit session, while the other half will continue seeing only one. The goal of this test is to see if users are confused or discouraged when shown multiple Reference Checks (when relevant) within a single editing session. At these wikis, the tags used on edits that show References Check will be simplified, as multiple tags could be shown within a single edit. Changes to the tags are documented [[phab:T373949|on Phabricator]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379131] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]], which is a service for notifying users that their temporary user-rights are about to expire, now supports using the localized name of the user-rights group in the message heading. Translators can see the [[m:Global reminder bot/Translation|listing of existing translations and documentation]] to check if their language needs updating or creation. * The [[Special:GlobalPreferences|GlobalPreferences]] gender setting, which is used for how the software should refer to you in interface messages, now works as expected by overriding the local defaults. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386584] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:26}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:26|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Wikipedia App for Android had a bug fixed for when a user is browsing and searching in multiple languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379777] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Later this week, the way that Codex styles are loaded will be changing. There is a small risk that this may result in unstyled interface message boxes on certain pages. User generated content (e.g. templates) is not impacted. Gadgets may be impacted. If you see any issues [[phab:T388847|please report them]]. See the linked task for details, screenshots, and documentation on how to fix any affected gadgets. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W12"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:३३, १८ मार्च २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28412594 --> == [[प्रयोगकर्ता:Janak SK]]मा [[User:Janak SK|Janak SK]]को प्रश्न (१६:२३, २० मार्च २०२५) == रिमाल थर रिमाल थर नेपालमा पाइने एउटा थर हो, जसलाई गैरदलित र दलित समुदाय दुबैमा वर्गीकृत गर्न सकिन्छ। ऐतिहासिक रूपमा, यो थर विभिन्न भौगोलिक स्थानहरूमा फैलिएको पाइन्छ। इतिहास र उत्पत्ति रिमाल थरका व्यक्तिहरू मुख्य रूपमा बैतडी जिल्लाको दुगेडाकेदार गाउँपालिका अन्तर्गत पर्ने रिम भन्ने ठाउँबाट बसाई सरी आएका मानिन्छन्। करिब पाँच-छ सय वर्ष पहिले, त्यहाँका केही व्यक्तिहरू दार्चुलाको लेकम गाउँपालिका तथा अन्य विभिन्न स्थानमा बसाइँ सरेका थिए। त्यस समयमा स्थानीय भूगोलको आधारमा थर कायम गर्ने परम्पराअनुसार रिम क्षेत्रबाट आएका व्यक्तिहरूले आफ्नो थरलाई रिमाल भनेर संशोधित गरेका थिए। धार्मिक तथा सांस्कृतिक पक्ष रिमाल थर भएका व्यक्तिहरू प्रमुख रूपमा हिन्दू धर्म मान्ने गर्छन्। उनीहरूले दशैँ, तिहार, जनै पूर्णिमा, र तीज जस्ता पर्वहरू विशेष रूपमा मनाउँछन्। परम्परागत रूपमा, तिनका संस्कार र चाडपर्वहरू क्षेत्रीय भिन्नताका आधारमा केही फरक देखिन्छ। रिमाल थरको विविधता रिमाल थर कुनै एकल समुदाय वा जातिमा मात्र सीमित छैन। नेपालमा पाइने सामाजिक तथा जातीय संरचनाका आधारमा यो थर विभिन्न समुदायमा रहेका व्यक्तिहरूले राखेको पाइन्छ। भूगोल, इतिहास, तथा पारिवारिक परम्पराका आधारमा यसको सामाजिक स्थान फरक हुन सक्छ। सम्बन्धित विषयहरू नेपालको थरहरूको उत्पत्ति बैतडी जिल्लाको ऐतिहासिक बसाइँसराइ नेपाली समाजमा थरको महत्व --- यो जानकारीलाई विकिपिडियामा पोस्ट गर्दा थप विश्वसनीय स्रोतहरू उल्लेख गर्नुपर्छ। यदि थप प्रमाण र ऐतिहासिक सन्दर्भहरू उपलब्ध छन् भने, तिनलाई पनि समावेश गर्दा राम्रो हुनेछ। --[[User:Janak SK|Janak]] ([[User talk:Janak SK|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) १६:२३, २० मार्च २०२५ (नेपाली समय) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-13</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking your feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|drafts of the objectives and key results that will shape the Foundation's Product and Technology priorities]] for the next fiscal year (starting in July). The objectives are broad high-level areas, and the key-results are measurable ways to track the success of their objectives. Please share your feedback on the talkpage, in any language, ideally before the end of April. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] will be released to multiple wikis (see [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|deployment plan]] for details) in April 2025, and the team has begun the process of engaging communities on the identified wikis. The extension provides tools to organize, manage, and promote collaborative activities (like events, edit-a-thons, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. The extension has three tools: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation Lists]]. It is currently on 13 Wikipedias, including English Wikipedia, French Wikipedia, and Spanish Wikipedia, as well as Wikidata. Questions or requests can be directed to the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:CampaignEvents|extension talk page]] or in Phabricator (with <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" style="white-space: nowrap;">#campaigns-product-team</bdi> tag). * Starting the week of March 31st, wikis will be able to set which user groups can view private registrants in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], as part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension. By default, event organizers and the local wiki admins will be able to see private registrants. This is a change from the current behavior, in which only event organizers can see private registrants. Wikis can change the default setup by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requesting a configuration change]] in Phabricator (and adding the <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" style="white-space: nowrap;">#campaigns-product-team</bdi> tag). Participants of past events can cancel their registration at any time. * Administrators at wikis that have a customized <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Sidebar]]</bdi> should check that it contains an entry for the {{int:specialpages}} listing. If it does not, they should add it using <code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">* specialpages-url|specialpages</code>. Wikis with a default sidebar will see the link moved from the page toolbox into the sidebar menu in April. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388927] * The Minerva skin (mobile web) combines both Notice and Alert notifications within the bell icon ([[File:OOjs UI icon bell.svg|16px|link=|class=skin-invert]]). There was a long-standing bug where an indication for new notifications was only shown if you had unseen Alerts. This bug is now fixed. In the future, Minerva users will notice a counter atop the bell icon when you have 1 or more unseen Notices and/or Alerts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344029] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * VisualEditor has introduced a [[mw:VisualEditor/Hooks|new client-side hook]] for developers to use when integrating with the VisualEditor target lifecycle. This hook should replace the existing lifecycle-related hooks, and be more consistent between different platforms. In addition, the new hook will apply to uses of VisualEditor outside of just full article editing, allowing gadgets to interact with the editor in DiscussionTools as well. The Editing Team intends to deprecate and eventually remove the old lifecycle hooks, so any use cases that this new hook does not cover would be of interest to them and can be [[phab:T355555|shared in the task]]. * Developers who use the <code dir=ltr>mw.Api</code> JavaScript library, can now identify the tool using it with the <code dir=ltr>userAgent</code> parameter: <code dir=ltr>var api = new mw.Api( { userAgent: 'GadgetNameHere/1.0.1' } );</code>. If you maintain a gadget or user script, please set a user agent, because it helps with library and server maintenance and with differentiating between legitimate and illegitimate traffic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373874][https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Wikimedia_Foundation_User-Agent_Policy] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W13"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:२८, २५ मार्च २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28443127 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-14</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Editing team is working on a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Check|Edit check]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#26 March 2025|Peacock check]]. This check's goal is to identify non-neutral terms while a user is editing a wikipage, so that they can be informed that their edit should perhaps be changed before they publish it. This project is at the early stages, and the team is looking for communities' input: [[phab:T389445|in this Phabricator task]], they are gathering on-wiki policies, templates used to tag non-neutral articles, and the terms (jargon and keywords) used in edit summaries for the languages they are currently researching. You can participate by editing the table on Phabricator, commenting on the task, or directly messaging [[m:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|Single User Login]] has now been updated on all wikis to move login and account creation to a central domain. This makes user login compatible with browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies, which have prevented users of some browsers from staying logged in. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting on March 31st, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin a limited release of generated OpenAPI specs and a SwaggerUI-based sandbox experience for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST APIs]]. They invite developers from a limited group of non-English Wikipedia communities (Arabic, German, French, Hebrew, Interlingua, Dutch, Chinese) to review the documentation and experiment with the sandbox in their preferred language. In addition to these specific Wikipedia projects, the sandbox and OpenAPI spec will be available on the [[testwiki:Special:RestSandbox|on the test wiki REST Sandbox special page]] for developers with English as their preferred language. During the preview period, the MediaWiki Interfaces Team also invites developers to [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|share feedback about your experience]]. The preview will last for approximately 2 weeks, after which the sandbox and OpenAPI specs will be made available across all wiki projects. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Sometimes a small, [[gerrit:c/operations/cookbooks/+/1129184|one line code change]] can have great significance: in this case, it means that for the first time in years we're able to run all of the stack serving <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[http://maps.wikimedia.org/ maps.wikimedia.org]</bdi> - a host dedicated to serving our wikis and their multi-lingual maps needs - from a single core datacenter, something we test every time we perform a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter switchover]]. This is important because it means that in case one of our datacenters is affected by a catastrophe, we'll still be able to serve the site. This change is the result of [[phab:T216826|extensive work]] by two developers on porting the last component of the maps stack over to [[w:en:Kubernetes|kubernetes]], where we can allocate resources more efficiently than before, thus we're able to withstand more traffic in a single datacenter. This work involved a lot of complicated steps because this software, and the software libraries it uses, required many long overdue upgrades. This type of work makes the Wikimedia infrastructure more sustainable. '''Meetings and events''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025]] is happening in Sandusky, USA, and online, from 14–16 May 2025. The workshop will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users. Registration and presentation signup is now available at the workshop's website. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W14"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:५०, १ अप्रिल २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28473566 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * From now on, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface admins]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Central notice administrators|centralnotice admins]] are technically required to enable [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] before they can use their privileges. In the future this might be expanded to more groups with advanced user-rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150898] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The Design System Team is preparing to release the next major version of Codex (v2.0.0) on April 29. Editors and developers who use CSS from Codex should see the [[mw:Codex/Release Timeline/2.0|2.0 overview documentation]], which includes guidance related to a few of the breaking changes such as <code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">font-size</code>, <code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">line-height</code>, and <code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">size-icon</code>. * The results of the [[mw:Developer Satisfaction Survey/2025|Developer Satisfaction Survey (2025)]]  are now available. Thank you to all participants. These results help the Foundation decide what to work on next and to review what they recently worked on. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]] will take place in Istanbul, Turkey, between 2–4 May. Registration for attending the in-person event will close on 13 April. Before registering, please note the potential need for a [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkish-representations.en.mfa visa] or [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/visa-information-for-foreigners.en.mfa e-visa] to enter the country. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W15"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ००:३८, ८ अप्रिल २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28507470 --> == This Month in Education: March 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 3 • March 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/A Whole New World: Research Findings on New Editor Integration in Serbian Wikipedia|A Whole New World: Research Findings on New Editor Integration in Serbian Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Bolivia: a new round of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia|Bolivia: a new round of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Faculty of Social Sciences Workshop in Albania|Faculty of Social Sciences Workshop in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Lots of contributions and trainings as part of Wikimedia MKD's Education Programme|Lots of contributions and trainings as part of Wikimedia MKD's Education Programme]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Wikimedia organized multiple events of science and education in Brazil during the month of March|Wikimedia organized multiple events of science and education in Brazil during the month of March]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २०:४९, १० अप्रिल २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=28458563 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Later this week, the default thumbnail size will be increased from 220px to 250px. This changes how pages are shown in all wikis and has been requested by some communities for many years, but wasn't previously possible due to technical limitations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914] * File thumbnails are now stored in discrete sizes. If a page specifies a thumbnail size that's not among the standard sizes (20, 40, 60, 120, 250, 330, 500, 960), then MediaWiki will pick the closest larger thumbnail size but will tell the browser to downscale it to the requested size. In these cases, nothing will change visually but users might load slightly larger images. If it doesn't matter which thumbnail size is used in a page, please pick one of the standard sizes to avoid the extra in-browser down-scaling step. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Thumbnail_sizes][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914] '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikimedia Foundation are working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]] which will enable [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[:w:en:Denial-of-service attack|Distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is so that they can more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for. * To improve security for users, a small percentage of logins will now require that the account owner input a one-time password [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:EmailAuth|emailed to their account]]. It is recommended that you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|check]] that the email address on your account is set correctly, and that it has been confirmed, and that you have an email set for this purpose. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390662] * "Are you interested in taking a short survey to improve tools used for reviewing or reverting edits on your Wiki?" This question will be [[phab:T389401|asked at 7 wikis starting next week]], on Recent Changes and Watchlist pages. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools team]] wants to know more about activities that involve looking at new edits made to your Wikimedia project, and determining whether they adhere to your project's policies. * On April 15, the full Wikidata graph will no longer be supported on <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]</bdi>. After this date, scholarly articles will be available through <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr" style="white-space:nowrap;">[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/ query-scholarly.wikidata.org]</bdi>, while the rest of the data hosted on Wikidata will be available through the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]</bdi> endpoint. This is part of the scheduled split of the Wikidata Graph, which was [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|announced in September 2024]]. More information is [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|available on Wikidata]]. * The latest quarterly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter/First quarter of 2025|Wikimedia Apps Newsletter]] is now available. It covers updates, experiments, and improvements made to the Wikipedia mobile apps. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2025/April|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: an invitation for tool maintainers to attend the Toolforge UI Community Feedback Session on April 15th; recent community metrics; and recent technical blog posts. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.25|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W16"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:१०, १५ अप्रिल २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28540654 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] is now integrated with [[w:dag:Solɔɣu|Dagbani Wikipedia]] since April 15. It is the first project that will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in articles. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template. [https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status_updates/2025-04-16] * A new type of lint error has been created: [[Special:LintErrors/empty-heading|{{int:linter-category-empty-heading}}]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Lint errors/empty-heading|documentation]]). The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|Linter extension]]'s purpose is to identify wikitext patterns that must or can be fixed in pages and provide some guidance about what the problems are with those patterns and how to fix them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368722] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Following its publication on HuggingFace, the "Structured Contents" dataset, developed by Wikimedia Enterprise, is [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/kaggle-dataset/ now also available on Kaggle]. This Beta initiative is focused on making Wikimedia data more machine-readable for high-volume reusers. They are releasing this beta version in a location that open dataset communities already use, in order to seek feedback, to help improve the product for a future wider release. You can read more about the overall [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/#open-datasets Structured Contents project], and about the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-wikipedia-infobox/ first release that's freely usable]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings and events''' * The Editing and Machine Learning Teams invite interested volunteers to a video meeting to discuss [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]], which is the latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] that will detect "peacock" or "overly-promotional" or "non-neutral" language whilst an editor is typing. Editors who work with newcomers, or help to fix this kind of writing, or are interested in how we use artificial intelligence in our projects are encouraged to attend. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing team/Community Conversations#Next Conversation|meeting will be on April 28, 2025]] at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745863200 18:00–19:00 UTC] and hosted on Zoom. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W17"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:४६, २२ अप्रिल २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28578245 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Event organizers who host collaborative activities on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|multiple wikis]], including Bengali, Japanese, and Korean Wikipedias, will have access to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] this week. Also, admins in the Wikipedia where the extension is enabled will automatically be granted the event organizer right soon. They won't have to manually grant themselves the right before they can manage events as [[phab:T386861|requested by a community]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The release of the next major version of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, is scheduled for 29 April 2025. Technical editors will have access to the release by the week of 5 May 2025. This update will include a number of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Breaking_changes|breaking changes]] and minor [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Visual_changes|visual changes]]. Instructions on handling the breaking and visual changes are documented on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release Timeline/2.0#|this page]]. Pre-release testing is reported in [[phab:T386298|T386298]], with post-release issues tracked in [[phab:T392379|T392379]] and [[phab:T392390|T392390]]. * Users of [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Wiki_Replicas|Wiki Replicas]] will notice that the database views of <code dir="ltr">ipblocks</code>, <code dir="ltr">ipblocks_ipindex</code>, and <code dir="ltr">ipblocks_compat</code> are [[phab:T390767|now deprecated]]. Users can query the <code dir="ltr">[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_table|block]]</code> and <code dir="ltr">[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_target_table|block_target]]</code> new views that mirror the new tables in the production database instead. The deprecated views will be removed entirely from Wiki Replicas in June, 2025. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.27|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes an overview of the improved [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=es&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en#/ Content Translation Dashboard Tool], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Language Support for New and Existing Languages|support for new languages]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Wiki Loves Ramadan Articles Made In Content Translation Mobile Workflow|highlights from the Wiki Loves Ramadan campaign]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Languages Onboarding Experiment 2024 - Executive Summary|results from the Language Onboarding Experiment]], an analysis of topic diversity in articles, and information on upcoming community meetings and events. '''Meetings and events''' * The [[Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Knowledge_Sharing/Connect/Calendar|Let's Connect Learning Clinic]] will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745937000 April 29 at 14:30 UTC]. This edition will focus on "Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects". You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Learning Clinic %E2%80%93 Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects (Part_1)|register now]] to attend. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which brings the global technical community together to connect, brainstorm, and hack existing projects, will take place from May 2 to 4th, 2025, at Istanbul, Turkey. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W18"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:१७, २९ अप्रिल २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28585685 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has shared the latest draft update to their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|annual plan]] for next year (July 2025–June 2026). This includes an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|executive summary]] (also on [[diffblog:2025/04/25/sharing-the-wikimedia-foundations-2025-2026-draft-annual-plan/|Diff]]), details about the three main [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals|goals]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Global Trends|global trends]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Budget Overview|budget]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Financial Model|financial model]]. Feedback and questions are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|talk page]] until the end of May. '''Updates for editors''' * For wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]], two new feature improvements have been released: ** Admins can now choose which namespaces are permitted for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] via [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Permitted namespaces|documentation]]). The default setup is for event registration to be permitted in the Event namespace, but other namespaces (such as the project namespace or WikiProject namespace) can now be added. With this change, communities like WikiProjects can now more easily use Event Registration for their collaborative activities. ** Editors can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Transclusion|transclude]] the Collaboration List on a wiki page ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Collaboration list/Transclusion|documentation]]). The Collaboration List is an automated list of events and WikiProjects on the wikis, accessed via {{#special:AllEvents}} ([[w:en:Special:AllEvents|example]]). Now, the Collaboration List can be added to all sorts of wiki pages, such as: a wiki mainpage, a WikiProject page, an affiliate page, an event page, or even a user page. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Developers who use the <code dir=ltr>moment</code> library in gadgets and user scripts should revise their code to use alternatives like the <code dir=ltr>Intl</code> library or the new <code dir=ltr>mediawiki.DateFormatter</code> library. The <code dir=ltr>moment</code> library has been deprecated and will begin to log messages in the developer console. You can see a global search for current uses, and [[phab:T392532|ask related questions in this Phabricator task]]. * Developers who maintain a tool that queries the Wikidata term store tables (<code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">wbt_*</code>) need to update their code to connect to a separate database cluster. These tables are being split into a separate database cluster. Tools that query those tables via the wiki replicas must be adapted to connect to the new cluster instead. [[wikitech:News/2025 Wikidata term store database split|Documentation and related links are available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390954] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.28|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on preparing to expand the deployment to additional wikis as soon as this week (starting May 6) and scaling up over the following weeks, plus exploring filtering and transforming source data. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W19"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:००, ६ मे २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28665011 --> == This Month in Education: April 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 4 • April 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Ceremony of giving certificates and awarding the winners of the edit-a-thon: Meet Slovenia|Ceremony of giving certificates and awarding the winners of the edit-a-thon: Meet Slovenia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/The Workshops Wikimedia & Education are back in Brazil|The Workshops Wikimedia & Education are back in Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/EduWiki Nigeria: Advancing Digital Literacy in Schools|EduWiki Nigeria: Advancing Digital Literacy in Schools]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Empowering the Next Generation: Wikidata Training at Federal Government Boys College, FGBC Abuja|Empowering the Next Generation: Wikidata Training at Federal Government Boys College, FGBC Abuja]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Final Wikipedia project with Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania|Final Wikipedia project with Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Teachers who graduated from the Leamos Wikipedia program in Bolivia become mentors for their colleagues |Teachers who graduated from the Leamos Wikipedia program in Bolivia become mentors for their colleagues]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Wikivoyage in Has region, Northern Albania|Wikivoyage in Has region, Northern Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Wikivoyage workshop in Bulqiza|Wikivoyage workshop in Bulqiza]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ०८:३३, १० मे २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=28656387 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|"Get shortened URL"]] link on the sidebar now includes a [[phab:T393309|QR code]]. Wikimedia site users can now use it by scanning or downloading it to quickly share and access shared content from Wikimedia sites, conveniently. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikimedia Foundation is working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]], which will enable [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[w:en:Denial-of-service attack|distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is to help more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for. Tech News has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|previously written about this]]. The deployment will be gradual. Some might see the Edge Uniques cookie the week of 19 May. You can discuss this on the [[m:Talk:Edge Uniques|talk page]]. * Starting May 19, 2025, Event organisers in wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled can use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] in the project namespace (e.g., Wikipedia namespace, Wikidata namespace). With this change, communities don't need admins to use the feature. However, wikis that don't want this change can remove and add the permitted namespaces at [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/CampaignEvents]]. * The Wikipedia project now has a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q36720|Nupe]] ([[w:nup:|<code>w:nup:</code>]]). This is a language primarily spoken in the North Central region of Nigeria. Speakers of this language are invited to contribute to [[w:nup:Tatacin feregi|new Wikipedia]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Developers can now access pre-parsed Dutch Wikipedia, amongst others (English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese) through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/snapshot/#structured-contents-snapshot-bundle-info-beta Structured Contents snapshots (beta)]. The content includes parsed Wikipedia abstracts, descriptions, main images, infoboxes, article sections, and references. * The <code dir="ltr">/page/data-parsoid</code> REST API endpoint is no longer in use and will be deprecated. It is [[phab:T393557|scheduled to be turned off]] on June 7, 2025. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.1|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/2025_Cloud_VPS_VXLAN_IPv6_migration IPv6 support] is a newly introduced Cloud virtual network that significantly boosts Wikimedia platforms' scalability, security, and readiness for the future. If you are a technical contributor eager to learn more, check out [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/05/06/wikimedia-cloud-vps-ipv6-support/ this blog post] for an in-depth look at the journey to IPv6. '''Meetings and events''' * The 2nd edition of 2025 of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]], a virtual platform for African Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747328400 May 15 at 17:00 UTC]. This edition will focus on discussions regarding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|Wikimedia Annual planning and progress]]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MENA Connect Community Call|MENA Connect Community Call]], a virtual meeting for [[w:en:Middle East and North Africa|MENA]] Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747501200 May 17 at 17:00 UTC]. You can [[m:Event:MENA Connect (Wiki_Diwan) APP Call|register now]] to attend. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W20"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:२३, १३ मे २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28714188 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Peacock language model for the following languages: Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and Japanese. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check/model test|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on May 23, which will be the start date of the test. '''Updates for editors''' * From May 20, 2025, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Oversight policy|oversighters]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:CheckUsers|checkusers]] will need to have their accounts secured with two-factor authentication (2FA) to be able to use their advanced rights. All users who belong to these two groups and do not have 2FA enabled have been informed. In the future, this requirement may be extended to other users with advanced rights. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|Learn more]]. * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] will begin mass deployment by the end of the month: all non-Wikipedia projects plus Catalan Wikipedia will adopt Multiblocks in the week of May 26, while all other Wikipedias will adopt it in the week of June 2. Please [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|contact the team]] if you have concerns. Administrators can test the new user interface now on your own wiki by browsing to [{{fullurl:Special:Block|usecodex=1}} {{#special:Block}}?usecodex=1], and can test the full multiblocks functionality [[testwiki:Special:Block|on testwiki]]. Multiblocks is the feature that makes it possible for administrators to impose different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|help page]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121] * Later this week, the [[{{#special:SpecialPages}}]] listing of almost all special pages will be updated with a new design. This page has been [[phab:T219543|redesigned]] to improve the user experience in a few ways, including: The ability to search for names and aliases of the special pages, sorting, more visible marking of restricted special pages, and a more mobile-friendly look. The new version can be [https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages previewed] at Beta Cluster now, and feedback shared in the task. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219543] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is being enabled on more wikis. For a detailed list of when the extension will be enabled on your wiki, please read the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|deployment timeline]]. * [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] will be deployed on May 27 on five Wiktionaries: [[wikt:ha:|Hausa]], [[wikt:ig:|Igbo]], [[wikt:bn:|Bengali]], [[wikt:ml:|Malayalam]], and [[wikt:dv:|Dhivehi/Maldivian]]. This is the second batch of deployment planned for the project. After deployment, the projects will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in their pages. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template. * Later this week, the Wikimedia Foundation will publish a hub for [[diffblog:2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/|experiments]]. This is to showcase and get user feedback on product experiments. The experiments help the Wikimedia movement [[diffblog:2023/07/13/exploring-paths-for-the-future-of-free-knowledge-new-wikipedia-chatgpt-plugin-leveraging-rich-media-social-apps-and-other-experiments/|understand new users]], how they interact with the internet and how it could affect the Wikimedia movement. Some examples are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Generated Video|generated video]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Roblox game|Wikipedia Roblox speedrun game]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Discord bot|the Discord bot]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with creating an account using the API, which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390751] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Gadgets and user scripts that interact with [[{{#special:Block}}]] may need to be updated to work with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|manage blocks interface]]. Please review the [[mw:Help:Manage blocks/Developers|developer guide]] for more information. If you need help or are unable to adapt your script to the new interface, please let the team know on the [[mw:Help talk:Manage blocks/Developers|talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121] * The <code dir=ltr>mw.title</code> object allows you to get information about a specific wiki page in the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Lua|Lua]] programming language. Starting this week, a new property will be added to the object, named <code dir=ltr>isDisambiguationPage</code>. This property allows you to check if a page is a disambiguation page, without the need to write a custom function. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T71441] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] User script developers can use a [[toolforge:gitlab-content|new reverse proxy tool]] to load javascript and css from [[gitlab:|gitlab.wikimedia.org]] with <code dir=ltr>mw.loader.load</code>. The tool's author hopes this will enable collaborative development workflows for user scripts including linting, unit tests, code generation, and code review on <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">gitlab.wikimedia.org</bdi> without a separate copy-and-paste step to publish scripts to a Wikimedia wiki for integration and acceptance testing. See [[wikitech:Tool:Gitlab-content|Tool:Gitlab-content on Wikitech]] for more information. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The 12th edition of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Workshop 2025|Wiki Workshop 2025]], a forum that brings together researchers that explore all aspects of Wikimedia projects, will be held virtually on 21-22 May. Researchers can [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/wikiworkshop2025/ register now]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W21"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:५८, २० मे २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28724712 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-22</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W22"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * A community-wide discussion about a very delicate issue for the development of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]] is now open on Meta: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. The discussion is open until June 12 at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]], and every opinion is welcomed. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. '''Updates for editors''' * Since last week, on all wikis except [[phab:T388604|the largest 20]], people using the mobile visual editor will have [[phab:T385851|additional tools in the menu bar]], accessed using the new <code>+</code> toolbar button. To start, the new menu will include options to add: citations, hieroglyphs, and code blocks. Deployment to the remaining wikis is [[phab:T388605|scheduled]] to happen in June. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The <code dir=ltr>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##ifexist|#ifexist]]</code> parser function will no longer register a link to its target page. This will improve the usefulness of [[{{#special:WantedPages}}]], which will eventually only list pages that are the target of an actual red link. This change will happen gradually as the source pages are updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T14019] * This week, the Moderator Tools team will launch [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], starting at Indonesian Wikipedia. This new filter highlights edits that are likely to be reverted. The goal is to help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic edits. Other wikis will benefit from this filter in the future. * Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. Readers of Catalan, Hebrew, and Italian Wikipedias and some sister projects will receive the change between May 21 and mid-June. Readers of other wikis will receive the change later. The goal is to encourage users to read the wikis more. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]]. * Some users of the Wikipedia Android app can use a new feature for readers, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|WikiGames]], a daily trivia game based on real historical events. The release has started as an A/B test, available to 50% of users in the following languages: English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Newsletter|Newsletter extension]] that is available on MediaWiki.org allows the creation of [[mw:Special:Newsletters|various newsletters]] for global users. The extension can now publish new issues as section links on an existing page, instead of requiring a new page for each issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393844] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The previously deprecated <code dir=ltr>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Ipblocks table|ipblocks]]</code> views in [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|Wiki Replicas]] will be removed in the beginning of June. Users are encouraged to query the new <code dir=ltr>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block table|block]]</code> and <code dir=ltr>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block target table|block_target]]</code> views instead. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikidata and Sister Projects|Wikidata and Sister Projects]] is a multi-day online event that will focus on how Wikidata is integrated to Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects. The event runs from May 29 – June 1. You can [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikidata and Sister Projects#Sessions|read the Program schedule]] and [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1291|register]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W22"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:५०, २७ मे २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28788673 --> == This Month in Education: May 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 5 • May 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Journalism students at Aleksandër Xhuvani University explore Wikipedia in Albania|Journalism students at Aleksandër Xhuvani University explore Wikipedia in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Reviewing pending articles editathon with high school students in Albania|Reviewing pending articles editathon with high school students in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Several educational workshops to promote science on Wiki were held in Brazil in the month of May|Several educational workshops to promote science on Wiki were held in Brazil in the month of May]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Simón Bolívar Teacher Training College joins the Let's Read Wikipedia Program|Simón Bolívar Teacher Training College joins the Let's Read Wikipedia Program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Students become Editors: Wikimedia Chile launches Latin America's first Vikidia Workshop|Students become Editors: Wikimedia Chile launches Latin America's first Vikidia Workshop]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/The DemocraTICon competition was held, this year for the first time with a discipline focused on Wikipedia |The DemocraTICon competition was held, this year for the first time with a discipline focused on Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Wikimedia MKD's "Lajka" workshop in Skopje|Wikimedia MKD's "Lajka" workshop in Skopje]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ०८:४३, २८ मे २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=28771448 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-23</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Editors can use this new extension to create interactive data visualizations like bar, line, area, and pie charts. Charts are designed to replace many of the uses of the legacy [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]]. '''Updates for editors''' * It is now easier to configure automatic citations for your wiki within the visual editor's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]]. Administrators can now set a default template by using the <code dir=ltr>_default</code> key in the local <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json]]</bdi> page ([[mw:Special:Diff/6969653/7646386|example diff]]). Setting this default will also help to future-proof your existing configurations when [[phab:T347823|new item types]] are added in the future. You can still set templates for individual item types as they will be preferred to the default template. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384709] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting the week of June 2, bots logging in using <code dir=ltr>action=login</code> or <code dir=ltr>action=clientlogin</code> will fail more often. This is because of stronger protections against suspicious logins. Bots using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|bot passwords]] or using a loginless authentication method such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|OAuth]] are not affected. If your bot is not using one of those, you should update it; using <code dir=ltr>action=login</code> without a bot password was deprecated [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/3EEMN7VQX5G7WMQI5K2GP5JC2336DPTD/|in 2016]]. For most bots, this only requires changing what password the bot uses. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395205] * From this week, Wikimedia wikis will allow ES2017 features in JavaScript code for official code, gadgets, and user scripts. The most visible feature of ES2017 is <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>async</code>/<code>await</code></bdi> syntax, allowing for easier-to-read code. Until this week, the platform only allowed up to ES2016, and a few months before that, up to ES2015. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381537] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * Scholarship applications to participate in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025|GLAM Wiki Conference 2025]] are now open. The conference will take place from 30 October to 1 November, in Lisbon, Portugal. GLAM contributors who lack the means to support their participation can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025/Scholarships|apply here]]. Scholarship applications close on June 7th. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W23"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:४०, ३ जुन २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28819186 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-24</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product team]] is finalizing work needed to roll out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] on large Wikipedias later this month. The team has worked with stewards and other users with extended rights to predict and address many use cases that may arise on larger wikis, so that community members can continue to effectively moderate and patrol temporary accounts. This will be the second of three phases of deployment – the last one will take place in September at the earliest. For more information about the recent developments on the project, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|see this update]]. If you have any comments or questions, write on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|talk page]], and [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 10 (June 2025)|join a CEE Catch Up]] this Tuesday. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist expiry|watchlist expiry]] feature allows editors to watch pages for a limited period of time. After that period, the page is automatically removed from your watchlist. Starting this week, you can set a preference for the default period of time to watch pages. The [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist-pageswatchlist|preferences]] also allow you to set different default watch periods for editing existing pages, pages you create, and when using rollback. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265716] [[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]] * The appearance of talk pages will change at almost all Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|some]] have already received this design change, [[phab:T379264|a few]] will get these changes later). You can read details about the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|in user preferences]] ("{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}"). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392121] * Users with specific extended rights (including administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, oversighters, and stewards) can now have IP addresses of all temporary accounts [[phab:T358853|revealed automatically]] during time-limited periods where they need to combat high-speed account-hopping vandalism. This feature was requested by stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386492] * This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to several more Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-afwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-simplewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * AbuseFilter editors active on Meta-Wiki and large Wikipedias are kindly asked to update AbuseFilter to make it compatible with temporary accounts. A link to the instructions and the private lists of filters needing verification are [[phab:T369611|available on Phabricator]]. * Lua modules now have access to the name of a page's associated thumbnail image, and on [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/operations/mediawiki-config/+/2e4ab14aa15bb95568f9c07dd777065901eb2126/wmf-config/InitialiseSettings.php#10849 some wikis] to the WikiProject assessment information. This is possible using two new properties on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#added-by-extensions|mw.title objects]], named <code dir=ltr>pageImage</code> and <code dir=ltr>pageAssessments</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131911][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380122] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W24"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:०२, १० जुन २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28846858 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-25</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * You can [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/359761?lang=en nominate your favorite tools] for the sixth edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|Coolest Tool Award]]. Nominations are anonymous and will be open until June 25. You can re-use the survey to nominate multiple tools. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.6|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Foundation staff and technical volunteers use Wikimedia APIs to build the tools, applications, features, and integrations that enhance user experiences. Over the coming years, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will be investing in Wikimedia web (HTTP) APIs to better serve technical volunteer needs and protect Wikimedia infrastructure from potential abuse. You can [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/06/12/apis-as-a-product-investing-in-the-current-and-next-generation-of-technical-contributors/ read more about their plans to evolve the APIs in this Techblog post]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W25"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:२४, १७ जुन २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28870688 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-26</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to the third and last batch of Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-swwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tlwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964] '''Updates for editors''' * Last week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] were rolled out on Czech, Korean, and Turkish Wikipedias. This and next week, deployments on larger Wikipedias will follow. [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Share your thoughts]] about the project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340001] * Later this week, the Editing team will release [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi check|Multi Check]] to all Wikipedias (except English Wikipedia). This feature shows multiple [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|Reference checks]] within the editing experience. This encourages users to add citations when they add multiple new paragraphs to a Wikipedia article. This feature was previously available as an A/B test. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/multi_check_ab_test_report_final.html#summary-of-results The test shows] that users who are shown multiple checks are 1.3 times more likely to add a reference to their edit, and their edit is less likely to be reverted (-34.7%). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395519] * A few pages need to be renamed due to software updates and to match more recent Unicode standards. All of these changes are related to title-casing changes. Approximately 71 pages and 3 files will be renamed, across 15 wikis; the complete list is in [[phab:T396903|the task]]. The developers will rename these pages next week, and they will fix redirects and embedded file links a few minutes later via a system settings update. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused pages to scroll upwards when text near the top was selected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364023] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Editors can now use Lua modules to filter and transform tabular data for use with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Extension:Chart]]. This can be used for things like selecting a subset of rows or columns from the source data, converting between units, statistical processing, and many other useful transformations. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Transforms|Information on how to use transforms is available]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates] * The <code dir=ltr>all_links</code> variable in [[Special:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] is now renamed to <code dir=ltr>new_links</code> for consistency with other variables. Old usages will still continue to work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391811] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/34|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the recent updates for the "Add a Link" Task, two new Newcomer Engagement Features, and updates to Community Configuration. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W26"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:०६, २४ जुन २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28870688 --> == This Month in Education: June 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 6 • June 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Albanian high school students at the Wikimedia Youth Conference 2025 in Prague|Albanian high school students at the Wikimedia Youth Conference 2025 in Prague]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Bolivia has 20 new teachers graduated from the Let's Read Wikipedia in the Classroom program|Bolivia has 20 new teachers graduated from the Let's Read Wikipedia in the Classroom program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Brazil was present at the EduWiki Conference 2025 in Bogota|Brazil was present at the EduWiki Conference 2025 in Bogota]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Does Wikipedia has future in the times of Chat-GPT|Does Wikipedia has future in the times of Chat-GPT]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/PhilWiki Community promotes accessible multilingual stories for children|PhilWiki Community promotes accessible multilingual stories for children]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Reading and Editing Wikipedia in a Bangladeshi College|Reading and Editing Wikipedia in a Bangladeshi College]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Wikimedia MKD's Workshops in June|Wikimedia MKD's Workshops in June]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Wikipedia meets 2500 Ukrainian educators at the country’s biggest education festival|Wikipedia meets 2500 Ukrainian educators at the country’s biggest education festival]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १३:०४, २७ जुन २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=28903832 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-27</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled on all Wikipedias. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|Deployment information page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * AbuseFilter maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:IPReputation/AbuseFilter variables|match against IP reputation data]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilters]]. IP reputation data is information about the proxies and VPNs associated with the user's IP address. This data is not shown publicly and is not generated for actions performed by registered accounts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354599] * Hidden content that is within [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Collapsible elements|collapsible parts of wikipages]] will now be revealed when someone searches the page using the web browser's "Find in page" function (Ctrl+F or ⌘F) in supporting browsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327893][https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes/hidden#browser_compatibility] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature, called [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery|Favourite Templates]], will be deployed later this week on all projects (except English Wikipedia, which will receive the feature next week), following a piloting phase on Polish and Arabic Wikipedia, and Italian and English Wikisource. The feature will provide a better way for new and experienced contributors to recall and discover templates via the template dialog, by allowing users to put templates on a special "favourite list". The feature works with both the visual editor and the wikitext editor. The feature is a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|community wishlist focus area]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused some Notifications to be sent multiple times. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397103] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.8|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W27"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:२६, १ जुलाई २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28917415 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-28</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W28"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Temporary accounts|Temporary accounts]] have been rolled out on 18 large and medium-sized Wikipedias, including German, Japanese, French, and Chinese. Now, about 1/3 of all logged-out activity across wikis is coming from temporary accounts. Users involved in patrolling may be interested in two new documentation pages: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Access to IP|Access to IP]], explaining everything related to access to temporary account IP addresses, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Repository|Repository]] with a list of new gadgets and user scripts. '''Updates for editors''' * Anyone can play an experimental new game, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|WikiRun]], that lets you race through Wikipedia by clicking from one article to another, aiming to reach a target page in as few steps and in as little time as possible. The project's goal is to explore new ways of engaging readers. [https://wikirun-game.toolforge.org/ Try playing the game] and let the team know what you think [[mw:Talk:New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|on the talk page]]. * Users of the Wikipedia Android app in some languages can now play the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|trivia game]]. ''Which came first?'' is a simple history game where you guess which of two events happened earlier on today's date. It was previously available as an A/B test. It is now available to all users in English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Arabic, Turkish, and Chinese. The goal of the feature is to help engage with new generations of readers. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22] * Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in some languages may see a new tabbed browsing feature that enables you to open multiple tabs while reading. This feature makes it easier to explore related topics and switch between articles. The A/B test is currently running in Arabic, English, and Japanese in selected regions. More details are available on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)|Tabbed Browsing project page]]. * Bureaucrats on Wikimedia wikis can now use [[{{#special:VerifyOATHForUser}}]] to check if users have enabled [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265726] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed later this week to all Wikimedia projects: a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Template categories|template category browser]] will be introduced to assist users in finding templates to put in their “favourite” list. The browser will allow users to browse a list of templates which have been organised into a given category tree. The feature has been requested by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Select templates by categories|through the Community Wishlist]]. * It is now possible to access watchlist preferences from the watchlist page. Also the redundant button to edit the watchlist has been removed. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Moderator_Tools/Watchlist] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of [[mw:MediaWiki_1.44|MediaWiki 1.44]] there is now a unified built-in Notifications system that makes it easier for developers to send, manage, and customize notifications. Check out the updated documentation at [[mw:Manual:Notifications|Manual:Notifications]], information about migration in [[phab:T388663|T388663]] and details on deprecated hooks in [[phab:T389624|T389624]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.9|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WikidataCon 2025|WikidataCon 2025]], the conference dedicated to Wikidata is now open for [https://pretalx.com/wikidatacon-2025/cfp session proposals] and for [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1340|registration]]. This year's event will be held online from October 31 – November 02 and will explore on the theme of "Connecting People through Linked Open Data". '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W28"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:५१, ८ जुलाई २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28930584 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-29</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W29"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Featured templates|Featured templates]], a new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed this week to all Wikimedia projects: With this feature, editors will be able to quickly access a list of templates that are likely to be useful. These templates will be displayed in a list, under the "featured" tab of the template discovery interface. Administrators can define the list via the Community Configuration interface. The feature fulfills a request by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Easy access Templates|through the Community Wishlist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367428][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392896] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the request to add Malayalam fonts in the [[oldWikisource:Special:MyLanguage/Wikisource:WS Export|Wikisource Book Export Tool]] was resolved and now, the rendering of Malayalam letters in exported Wikisource books are accurate. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374457] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.10|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Developers, designers, and all Wikimedians are invited to [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/7953/ submit a project idea] for the Wikimania Hackathon 2025. Read [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/30/call-for-projects-wikimania-hackathon-2025-is-coming-to-nairobi/ this Diff blog post] for more details. '''Meetings and events''' * [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2025|WikiIndaba 2025]] scholarship application and program submission is open until 23:59 GMT on July 20. WikiIndaba is a regional conference for African Wikimedians both on the continent and in the diaspora to unite and grow together. Submit [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdJTv68R1OPASXXDfpIl8EWiMLTM-TDwh6_5gNVvFuWccFZ2Q/viewform your scholarship application] and [https://ee.kobotoolbox.org/x/BI3omIfH program proposal] now! * [https://br.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiCon_Brasil_2025 WikiCon Brasil 2025] will take place on July 19-20 in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The Brazilian community members are encouraged to register and attend! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W29"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:५५, १५ जुलाई २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28980963 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-30</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W30"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Translation Suggestions feature in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content Translation tool]] now has another level of article filters added to the "[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=fi#/ ... More]" category. Translators who use the Suggestions feature can now select and receive article suggestions that are customized to geographical locations of their interest using the new "{{int:Cx-sx-suggestions-filters-tab-regions}}" filter. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T113257] * Administrators can now limit "Add a Link" to newcomers. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|"Add a Link"]] Structured Task [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Constructive activation experimentation#Enwiki A/B test & "Add a Link" Improvements (Wiki Experiences 1.2.11 & 1.2.16)|helps new account holders start editing]], but some communities have requested the ability to restrict it to its intended audience: newcomers. Administrators can configure this setting within the [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/GrowthSuggestedEdits|Community Configuration]] feature. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * For AbuseFilter editors on [[phab:T392144|some wikis]], it is now possible to filter edits based on the RevertRisk score of the edit being attempted. It is only populated if the action being evaluated is an edit. For more information, please see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ORES/AbuseFilter variables#What variables are available for use|ORES/AbuseFilter variables]] documentation. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|Beta Cluster]] wikis have [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/YDABPV75LADRQCXMJAFWUP256N4EQ25B/|been moved]] from <code dir=ltr>beta.wmflabs.org</code> to <code dir=ltr>beta.wmcloud.org</code>. Users may need to update URLs in any tools, or in their password managers. Any related issues can be [[phab:T289318|reported in the task]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiCite 2025|WikiCite 2025]] will take place from 29–31 August, both online and in-person in Bern, Switzerland. The event's goals are to reconnect communities, institutions, and individuals working with open citations, bibliographic data, and the Wikidata/Wikibase ecosystem. Registration is open and the call for proposals will be announced soon. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/message/KQZUG3ETKLBWPBYSB2YAWZIRPWHS24TG/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W30"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:२८, २२ जुलाई २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29005283 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-31</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W31"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Community Tech team will be focusing on wishes related to Watchlists and Recent Changes pages, over the next few months. They are looking for feedback. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#July 24, 2025: Watchlists and Recent Changes pages|read the latest update]], and if you have ideas, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|submit a wish]] on the topic. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikimedia Commons community has decided to block [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Upload dialog|cross-wiki uploads]] to Wikimedia Commons, for all users without autoconfirmed rights on that wiki, starting on August 16. This is because of [[:c:Commons:Cross-wiki media upload tool/History|widespread problems]] related to files that are uploaded by newcomers. Users who are affected by this will get an error message with a link to the less restrictive UploadWizard on Commons. Please help translating the [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki:Abusefilter-disallowed-cross-wiki-upload|message]] or give feedback on the message text. Please also update your local help pages to explain this restriction. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370598] * On wikis with temporary accounts enabled and Meta-Wiki, administrators may now set up a footer for the Special:Contributions pages of temporary accounts, similar to those which can be shown on IP and user-account pages. They may do it by creating the page named <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Sp-contributions-footer-temp</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398347] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the "no camera" icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as: ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KFEFVG/ Temporary Accounts: Enhancing privacy for our unregistered editors] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TVCVAB/ Building a Sustainable Future for Wikimedia Contributors] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/WTRQCJ/ A dozen visions for wikitext!] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/8YKKP9/ Coordinate Across Stakeholders with the Product and Technology Advisory Council] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Fall 2025]] will be held 28–30 October 2025 in Hanover, Germany. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W31"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:१२, २९ जुलाई २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29051727 --> == This Month in Education: July 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 7 • July 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Crafting Impactful Education Newsletters: Shared Insights from EduWiki 2025|Crafting Impactful Education Newsletters: Shared Insights from EduWiki 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Educational Outreach with Youth Centers in Albania|Educational Outreach with Youth Centers in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Discussing educational resources at WikiCon Brasil 2025|Discussing educational resources at WikiCon Brasil 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Enhancing Mobile-Friendly Contribution in Wikimedia Education Programs|Enhancing Mobile-Friendly Contribution in Wikimedia Education Programs]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/The second semester of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia with challenges and learning|The second semester of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia with challenges and learning]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/When Travel Fails, Learning Continues: A Reflection from EduWiki 2025 |When Travel Fails, Learning Continues: A Reflection from EduWiki 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Wiki club in Kumanovo - the newest Wiki club of Wikimedia MKD|Wiki club in Kumanovo - the newest Wiki club of Wikimedia MKD]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Jaroslav Mašek: How KISK FF MU students used AI to write Wikipedia|Jaroslav Mašek: How KISK FF MU students used AI to write Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Various programmes up and rolling with Charles University Prague|Various programmes up and rolling with Charles University Prague]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ०८:४६, १ अगस्ट २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29005310 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-32</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W32"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors can now enable the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info card]]. This feature adds an icon next to usernames on history pages and similar user-contribution log pages. When you tap or click on the icon, it displays data related to that user account such as the number of edits, reverted edits, blocks, and more. It's part of a broader project to make it easier for moderators to evaluate account trustworthiness. The feature can be enabled in [[testwiki:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your global preferences]], and later this week it will be available in local preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386439] * Everybody is invited to share comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative Contributions]], a project recently launched by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team|Connection team]]. The project aims to create a new way to display the impact of collaborative editing activities (such as edit-a-thons, backlog drives, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. Post your comments on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378035] * Administrators can now define the default block duration for temporary accounts. To do that, they need to create a page named <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Ipb-default-expiry-temporary-account</code> and use a value defined in <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Ipboptions</code>. This allows administrators to easily block temporary accounts for 90 days, which is functionally equivalent to an indefinite block. The advantage of this solution is that it does not clutter Special:BlockList. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block and unblock#Default block duration options|More documentation]] is available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398626] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Gadgets can now include <code dir=ltr>.vue</code> files. This makes it easier to develop modern user interfaces using [[mw:Vue.js|Vue.js]], in particular using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the official design system of Wikimedia. [[wmdoc:codex/latest/icons/overview.html|Codex icons]] can be loaded through the gadget definition. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Pages|The documentation]] has examples. For user scripts that use Vue.js, an [[mw:API:CodexIcons|API module]] now exists to load Codex icons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340460][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311099] * Module developers can now use a [[mw:Help:Extension:Translate/Message Bundles/Lua reference|Lua interface]] to simplify the preparation of Lua modules for translation on Meta-Wiki. This improvement makes it easier for translators to find and edit module strings without dealing with raw Lua code. It helps prevent mistakes that could break the module during translation. Module developers and translators are invited to [[commons:File:Translatable modules video demo July 2025.webm|watch the demo video]], read more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translatable modules|translatable modules]] to understand how it works, refer to Meta-Wiki's [[m:Module:User Wikimedia project|Module:User Wikimedia project]] for example usage, and [[mw:Talk:Translatable modules|share their feedback]] on how well it addresses the challenges in their workflow. The interface still has some performance issues, so it should not be used in widely used modules yet. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359918] * Developers of external tools that connect to Wikimedia pages must set a user-agent that complies with [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|the user-agent policy]]. This policy will start to be more strongly enforced in August because of external crawlers that are [[diffblog:2025/04/01/how-crawlers-impact-the-operations-of-the-wikimedia-projects/|overusing]] Wikimedia's resources. Tools that are hosted on Wikimedia's Toolforge or Cloud VPS will not be affected by this for now, but should still set a user-agent. [[phab:T400119|More technical details are available]], and related questions are welcome in that task. * Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to some smaller Wikipedias over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyages and Wiktionaries to Parsoid Read Views. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/profile/7694/] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.13|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the "no camera" icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as: ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/GEH9DH/ Wikimedia’s knowledge infrastructure in a changing internet: Establishing sustainable pathways for content reuse] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/7ELN9Q/ Wikifunctions is coming soon to a wiki near you!] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/ZMGVJV/ Shaping the Future of Wikipedia’s Reader Experience] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KCKTFZ/ Making Wikipedia More Readable: What Comes Next] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W32"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०९:२६, ५ अगस्ट २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29083927 --> == विकी विमिन एडिटाथन २०२५ मा सहभागी हुने सम्बन्धमा == {{fmbox | image = [[File:Wiki Women-Nepal 2015.png|90px|link=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AB]] | imageright= [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-ne.svg|80px|link=]] | style = | textstyle = | text = <center> [[नेपाली विकिपिडिया]]मा ०५ अगस्ट २०२५ देखि ३१ अगस्ट २०२५ सम्म नारी सम्मानमा समर्पित '''"महिला स्वास्थ तथा स्वच्छता सम्बन्धी जागरूकता"''' नाराको साथ [[विकिपिडिया:विकी विमिन एडिटाथन २०२५|विकी विमिन एडिटाथन २०२५]] सञ्चालन भइरहेको छ, सहभागी हुनका लागि सहभागीहरूले '''[[विकिपिडिया:विकी विमिन एडिटाथन २०२५/सहभागीहरू|यहाँ]]''' आफ्नो नाम दर्ता गर्नको लागि अनुरोध गरिन्छ।<br> <span class="mw-ui-button mw-ui-progressive">[[विकिपिडिया:विकी विमिन एडिटाथन २०२५|<span style="color:white">अझ थप जानकारी...</span>]]</span></br></center> }} <!-- Message sent by User:पर्वत सुबेदी@newiki using the list at https://ne.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE:Nabin_K._Sapkota/Mass_Message_Users_List&oldid=1299914 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-33</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W33"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The WikiEditor toolbar now includes [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|its keyboard shortcuts]] in the tooltips for its buttons. This will help to improve the discoverability of this feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400583] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] published a set of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|proposed experiments]] the Wikimedia Foundation can try to improve communication with community. Feedback on the proposals are welcomed until August 22 on [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|this talk page]]. * The search bar on the Minerva skin (mobile) has been updated to use the same type-ahead search component that is used on the Vector 2022 skin. There are no changes in search functionality but there are minor visual changes. Specifically, the close-search button has been changed from an "X" to a back arrow. This helps to distinguish it from the other "X" button that is used to clear any text. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393944] * Editors on some wikis will see a new toggle for "Group results by page" on watchlist, related changes, and recent changes pages. This is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment|an A/B experiment]] that is planned to start on August 11, and will run for 3–6 weeks on the Bengali, Chinese, Czech, French, Greek, Portuguese, and Urdu Wikipedias. The experiment will examine how making this feature more discoverable might affect editors' ability to find the edits they are looking for. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The multiwiki datasets of [[:wikt:en:Module:Unicode data|Unicode data]] have been moved to [[c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|Category:Unicode Module Datasets]] on Wikimedia Commons, to follow the idea of "One common data source, multiple local wikis". Most wikis have been updated to use the Commons version. You can ask questions at [[c:Category talk:Unicode Module Datasets|the talkpage]]. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Module_talk:Unicode_data#Data_from_commons] * Lua code can add warnings when something is wrong, by using the <code dir=ltr>mw.addWarning()</code> function. It is now possible to add more than one warning, instead of new warnings replacing old ones. If you maintain a Lua module that used warnings, you should check it still works as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398390] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W33"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:१५, १२ अगस्ट २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29106516 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-34</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W34"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Later this week, people who are logged-in and have the "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|Discussion tools]]" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] enabled will gain the ability to "Thank" individual comments directly from talk pages, rather than needing to navigate to page history. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Comment actions|Learn more about this feature]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400849] * An A/B test comparing two versions of the desktop donate link launched on testwiki on 12 August and on English Wikipedia 14 August for 0.1% of logged out users on the desktop site. The experiment will run for three weeks, ending on 12 September. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395716] * An A/A test to measure the baseline for reader retention was launched 12 August using [[wikitech:Experimentation Lab|Experimentation Lab]]. This measures the percentage of users who revisit a wiki after their initial visit over a 14-day period. No visual changes are expected. The experiment will run through 31 August. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399227] * Five new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q34057|Tagalog]] ([[s:tl:|<code>s:tl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388639] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[s:mad:|<code>s:mad:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391747] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q3450749|Rakhine]] ([[w:rki:|<code>w:rki:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392490] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikibooks/en}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[b:min:|<code>b:min:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395452] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q7598268|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]] ([[wikt:zgh:|<code>wikt:zgh:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399684] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:46}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:46|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W34"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०६:२४, १९ अगस्ट २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29127690 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-35</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W35"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template authors can now use additional CSS properties, since the CSS sanitizer used by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] was updated. For example: <code>width: fit-content</code>; <code>ruby-align</code>; relative units such as <code>lh</code>; and custom strings in <code>list-style-type</code>. These improvements are a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Allow use of modern CSS in templates by updating the TemplateStyles CSS sanitizer|Community Wishlist wish]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T277755][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T293633][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295088][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326906][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340057][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360725][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371809][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375344][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T394619] * On large wikis, the default time period to display edits from, within the Special:RecentChanges page, has been changed from 7 days to 1 day. This is part of a performance improvement project. This should have no user-facing impact due to the quantity of edits on these wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399455] * Administrators can now access the [[{{#special:BlockedExternalDomains}}]] page from the [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}]] list page. This makes it easier to find. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393240] * Wikimedia Commons videos were not shown in the Videos tab in Google Search. The problem was investigated and reported to Google who have now fixed the issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396168][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/Wishes/Do_something_about_Google_%26_DuckDuckGo_search_not_indexing_media_files_and_categories_on_Commons] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[wikt:bew:|<code>wikt:bew:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402130] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:39}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:39|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Two fields of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Recentchanges table|recentchanges database table]] are being removed. <code>rc_new</code> and <code>rc_type</code> are being removed in favor of <code>rc_source</code>. Queries to these older fields will start to fail starting this week and developers should use <code>rc_source</code> instead. These older fields were deprecated over 10 years ago and should not be in use. This is part of work to improve the performance and stability of queries to the recentchanges table. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400696] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/July|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: support for new languages in MediaWiki and translatewiki; the start of the Language Onboarding and Development project to help support the growth of new and small wikis; updates on research projects; and more. '''Meetings and events''' * The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#29 August 2025|Language Community Meeting]] is happening soon, August 29th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1756479600 15:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: the Avro keyboard developers from Wikimedia Bangladesh, who were recently awarded a national award for their contributions to this keyboard; and other topics. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W35"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:५८, २६ अगस्ट २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29175124 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-36</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W36"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Editing team wants to compile a list of templates, jargon terms, and policies used in edit summaries when a copyright violation is removed. This will help them identify the number of edits reverted due to copyright issues. We invite community members from the following Wikis to list these terms in [[Phab:T402601|T402601]], or to share their list with [[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]]: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-plwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}. This project is open until September 9th 2025. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled for all Wikisources. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the Deployment information page. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#How_to_Request_the_CampaignEvents_Extension_for_your_wiki] * The lists in the footer of the editing interface, such as "Templates used on this page," will now be organized into columns when there is enough space. This enhancement minimizes scrolling when editing lengthy articles on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401066] * On September 3rd, 2025 we will increase the sampling percentages of our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment#Scope of the experiment|group by toggle experiment]] of the <code>Special:RecentChanges</code>, <code>Special:Watchlist</code>, and <code>Special:RelatedChanges</code> pages on the Chinese, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias to 100 percent, allowing more editors to be part of this experiment. This adjustment is intended to ensure we have sufficient data to make informed decisions when evaluating the experiment results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789] * Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading on English Wikipedia beginning the week of September 22. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. All non-English wikis received this change in June and July. The goal is to make it easier for users to find articles. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Wikifunctions now has a new capability called "lightweight enumeration types", an enumeration type is simply a fixed set of values that's in the type's definition. This capability makes it quick and easy to define such a type, and allows for the reuse of values that are already present in Wikidata. Here is [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-19|a newsletter]] to learn more. * The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Newsletter updates#August 2025: Newsletter #1|Readers Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: the formation of two new teams — Reader Growth and Reader Experience; insights into declining pageviews and account creations; highlights from the Wikimania Nairobi panel on improving the reading experience; upcoming experiments to engage new and existing readers; and more. '''Meetings and events''' * Spotlight on some Wikimania 2025 Sessions: ** Identifying AI-generated text by searching for ISBNs whose checksums fail: Mathias Schindler of WMDE [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dw9o8Lsl974&t=15910s shared tools to help communities search for these]. ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TCHZKH/ La durabilité du mouvement Wikimedia face aux défis actuels et futurs]: This session explored how Wikimedia can stay a trusted source of knowledge in the age of generative AI, information overload, and disinformation. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W36"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:३६, २ सेप्टेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29196010 --> == This Month in Education: August 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 8 • August 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Bootcamp Wikipedia in Classroom|Bootcamp Wikipedia in Classroom]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Brazil launches campaign about Open Science on Wiki|Brazil launches campaign about Open Science on Wiki]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Breaking Barriers: Yoruba Wikipedia Fan Club Offa's Historic Wins|Breaking Barriers: Yoruba Wikipedia Fan Club Offa's Historic Wins]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Emerging Voices in Free Knowledge: The Journey of Wiki Club SATI|Emerging Voices in Free Knowledge: The Journey of Wiki Club SATI]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/From a Curious Student to a Wikimedia Leader|From a Curious Student to a Wikimedia Leader]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/From webinars to conferences: Wikimedia Ukraine’s approach to events for educators|From webinars to conferences: Wikimedia Ukraine’s approach to events for educators]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Higher education with Wikipedia in Spain|Higher education with Wikipedia in Spain]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Scientific Contribution from Serbia: Wikipedia in Education Research Published in a Prestigious Journal|Scientific Contribution from Serbia: Wikipedia in Education Research Published in a Prestigious Journal]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Teachers with Wikipedia. What if we create a Spanish-speaking collaboration network|Teachers with Wikipedia. What if we create a Spanish-speaking collaboration network]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/The brains behind Wikipedia|The brains behind Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Why EduWiki Should Be Considered by Policymakers|Why EduWiki Should Be Considered by Policymakers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikimedia Chile in Visviri: Free knowledge and education at Chile’s starting point|Wikimedia Chile in Visviri: Free knowledge and education at Chile’s starting point]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikipedia as a tool presented at Media Education Summer School for Teachers|Wikipedia as a tool presented at Media Education Summer School for Teachers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikipedia vs AI at La Trobe University|Wikipedia vs AI at La Trobe University]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/St Aloysius University – Wikipedia training session for newcomers|St Aloysius University – Wikipedia training session for newcomers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wiki Loves Academics, WUGN Kaduna|Wiki Loves Academics, WUGN Kaduna]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/In Just 3 Minutes: The Power of Wiki Education|In Just 3 Minutes: The Power of Wiki Education]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Sensing Cebu: Fieldnotes of an Academic as a Wiki Volunteer|Sensing Cebu: Fieldnotes of an Academic as a Wiki Volunteer]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २१:०१, २ सेप्टेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29205629 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-37</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W37"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Editing team is working on a new check: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Paste check|Paste check]]. This check informs newcomers who paste text into Wikipedia that the content might not be accepted. This check is an effort to increase the likelihood that the new content people are adding to Wikipedia is aligned with the Movement's commitment to offering information under a free content license. This check will soon be tested at a few wikis. If your community is interested in this test, please [[phab:T403680|tell us in this task]], or [[mw:Talk:Edit check|contact the team]]. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this week, users of the "{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will be able to use a [[w:en:Lint (software)|linting tool]] to see errors or other potential problems in wikitext in real time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|help page for more information]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381577] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] When browsing a wiki (like <code dir=ltr>en.wikipedia.org</code>), the software responds in one of two ways: a desktop page, or a redirect to a mobile version on an "m" domain (like <code dir=ltr>en.m.wikipedia.org</code>). Over the next three weeks, MediaWiki will start displaying the mobile version to mobile devices directly on the standard domain, without this redirect. This change does not affect existing m-dot URLs, or the "Desktop view" opt-out. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998] * When an edit changes the categories of a page, the changes to the category membership counts are now happening asynchronously. This improves the speed of saving edits, especially when moving many pages to or from the same category, and reduces the risk of site outages, but it means that the counts can show outdated information for a few minutes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365303] * Edits on Wikidata to qualifiers (properties and values) and references (properties and values) in a Wikidata item statement will now not add entries to the RecentChanges or Watchlist pages on all other Wikis. This is a temporary change to improve performance while other solutions are created. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: Turn off (temporarily) Qualifiers and References Wikidata edits to the Recent Changes tables|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401286][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400698] * Japanese-language wikis have had a major upgrade to the way that search works. The new search should generally give more accurate and more relevant search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318269] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W37"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०७:००, ९ सेप्टेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29238161 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-38</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W38"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * References lists that are made using the <code dir=ltr><nowiki><references/></nowiki></code> [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite#references-tag|tag]] will now automatically display with columns in Vector 2022 when readers are using its 'standard' settings for text-size and page-width. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334941] * Starting in the week of October 6, on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small wikis]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] that have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled, all autoconfirmed users will be able to use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] as an organizer. No changes will be made for [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/large.dblist|large wikis]] unless requested in Phabricator. This change is being made to make it easier for more people to use Event Registration, especially on wikis that are less likely to have policies related to the Event Organizer right. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Proposal to grant autoconfirmed users on small and medium wikis the organizer access to the event registration tool|Learn more]]. * Users that search using regular expressions (regex) can now use additional features including: ** for the <code dir=ltr>intitle:</code> keyword: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Metacharacters|metacharacters]] for start-of-line (<code dir=ltr>^</code>) and end-of-line (<code dir=ltr>$</code>) anchors [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T317599] ** for both <code dir=ltr>intitle:</code> and <code dir=ltr>insource:</code> keywords: shorthand [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Character_Classes|character classes]] for digits (<code dir=ltr>\d</code>), whitespace (<code dir=ltr>\s</code>), and word characters (<code dir=ltr>\w</code>); and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Escape codes|escape codes]] for line feed (<code dir=ltr>\r</code>), newline (<code dir=ltr>\n</code>), tab (<code dir=ltr>\t</code>), and unicode (e.g. <code dir=ltr>\uHHHH</code>). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403212] * When you search for text that looks like an IP, the system will now show search results. It used to take you to the contributions for that IP instead of showing search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306325] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on September 24. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests which happen twice a year. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that affected users who used the page-tabs to switch from wikitext editing of a section into the visualeditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401043] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is redesigning the Wikimedia REST API Sandbox with Codex. If you have feedback on improvements for the API documentation or what makes developer experiences smooth (or frustrating), you’re invited to [https://calendar.google.com/calendar/u/0/appointments/schedules/AcZssZ2aZzbXeQvjOF7gB1fJXiwAYemQjKf4sXNaRODPA7_obFyNBwkzNkoVCoTF-aeov89kIjXHbCQm join an upcoming discovery interview], or [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Developer Feedback/Wikimedia Web APIs|leave feedback onwiki]]. [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/C4FBAOA57PH6G5ORVMAUF5TGYBLZDU5Q/|Learn more]]. * Edits to Wikidata aliases (an alternative name for an item or a property) will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: More granular Alias tracking|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401288] * The new [https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode17.0.0/ Unicode 17.0] version has been released. The [[:c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|datasets on Commons]] for the [[:d:Q39301585|Module:Unicode data]] have been updated. Wikipedias that do not use the Commons datasets should either update their own data or switch to the Commons datasets. * Users of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] Structured Contents endpoints can now access [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/parsed-wikipedia-tables/ Parsed Tables]. The new Parsed Tables feature extracts and represents Wikipedia tables in structured JSON. This improves machine accessibility as part of the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/api/structured-contents/ Structured Contents initiative]. Structured Contents output is freely available through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/on-demand/#article-structured-contents-beta On-demand API], or through Wikimedia Cloud Services. * A [https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/wikimedia-foundation/english-wikipedia-people-dataset dataset of English Wikipedia biographical information] from [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has been published on Kaggle, for evaluation and research. This provides structured data from more than 1.5 million biographies, including birth and death dates, education, affiliations, careers, awards, and more (from a June 2024 snapshot). * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Scholarships|Scholarship applications]] for Wikimania 2026 in Paris, France, are open until October 31. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W38"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २२:५३, १५ सेप्टेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29263921 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-39</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W39"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 On September 24th at 15:00 UTC], all Wikimedia sites users will experience a brief read-only period due to a scheduled [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter server switchover]]. The Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team will redirect all traffic from one primary server to its backup. You can listen to the switchover using the [http://listen.hatnote.com/ "Listen to Wikipedia"] tool, where you will hear edits stop for a few minutes during the read-only phase, then resume. This twice-yearly datacenter server switchover ensures reliability by testing the backup datacenter, so that our sites can stay online even if the primary datacenter fails. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the process on the Diff blog]]. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors of [[f:Special:Mylanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-12#Next round of Wiktionaries to receive embedded Wikifunctions calls|60 more Wiktionaries]] will soon be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them into their pages. A function takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, like adding numbers, converting miles to meters, calculating elapsed time, or declining a word into a case. They will join the other [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-29#Wikifunctions available on 65 Wiktionaries|65 Wiktionary language editions]], which already have access to embedded Wikifunctions calls. Later this year, plans are in place to expand to more Wiktionaries and the Incubator. * A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Technical metadata of another page|parser function]] has been added: <code><nowiki>{{#contentmodel}}</nowiki></code>. Template editors and admins can use it to get the localized or canonical name of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|content model]] of a specific page. The function makes it easier to create and edit system messages, such as ''MediaWiki:editinginterface'', even when you switch types of pages, like wiki, JavaScript, CSS or JSON page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328254] * Adding or editing a <code>DISPLAYTITLE</code> for an article using VisualEditor will no longer be broken. Editors who use VisualEditor mode to modify the <code><nowiki>{{DISPLAYTITLE}}</nowiki></code> would no longer have the literal text "DISPLAYTITLE" or its localized variant added to their articles. A list of pages that may have been affected and might need cleanup is documented in [[phab:P83438|this ticket]]. * Beta users of the Wikipedia Android app can now try the redesigned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Activity Tab Experiment|Activity tab]], which replaces the Edits tab. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Wikifunctions users can now import many essential facts involving [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6011|geo-coordinates]], [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6010|quantities]] and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6064|time]] values from Wikidata. This is made possible by the creation of Wikifunctions types for these values, which makes them available for use by functions in Wikifunctions. Learn more about how this works in [[c:File:ImportingWikidataDatatypesIntoWikifunctions.webm|this video]] and Wikifunctions' [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-01#News in Types I: Wikidata quantity|August 1 newsletter]] (for quantities) and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-22#News in Types: Wikidata geo-coordinate|August 22 newsletter]] (for geo-coordinates). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W39"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०४:४१, २३ सेप्टेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29305556 --> ==[[:सुदन गुरुङ]] [[विकिपिडिया:शीघ्र मेट्नुपर्ने आधार|शीघ्र मेट्नुपर्ने]]मा मनोनित== [[File:Ambox warning pn.svg|48px|left|alt=|link=]] {{Quote box|quote=<p>यदि यो तपाईँले सृजना गर्नुभएको पहिलो लेख हो भने, तपाईँ [[विकिपिडिया:स्वशिक्षा|लेखन सहयोग स्वशिक्षा]] पढ्न सक्नुहुन्छ।</p><p>लेख सृजना गर्न मद्दत गर्ने [[विकिपिडिया:लेख विजार्ड|लेख सहायिका]] पनि तपाईँ प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ।</p>|width=20%|align=right}} यस [[:सुदन गुरुङ]]लाई विकिपिडिया देखि [[विकिपिडिया:पृष्ठ हटाउने नीति|चाँडैनै मेटिने]] भनेर एउटा चिनो राखिएको छ। यसले [[वि:शीमे#ले७|ले७]] मापदण्ड अन्तर्गत एक वास्तविक व्यक्ति वा मानिसहरूको समूहलाई जनाउदछ। विकिपिडियाको [[विकिपिडिया:प्रमानिकता|विश्वसनीयता]] ज्ञानकोशमा भएका सम्पूर्ण सामग्री प्रमाणित भएको हुनुपर्नेछ । तर [[विकिपिडिया:प्रमानिकता|विश्वसनीयता]] नभएका सम्पूर्ण सामग्रीलाई [[विकिपिडिया:शीघ्र मेट्नुपर्ने आधार|शीघ्र मेट्नुपर्ने मापदण्ड]]को आधारमा कुनै पनि समयमा मेटाउन सकिन्छ। थप जानकारिका लागि कृपया [[विकिपिडिया:उल्लेखनियता|विकिपिडिया उल्लेखनियता]] पढ्नुहोला। यदि तपाईँलाई लाग्छ पृष्ठलाई यस कारणले मेटाउनु हुँदैन, तपाईँ '''नामाङ्कन विरोध गर्न''' [[:सुदन गुरुङ|पृष्ठमा गएर]] आफ्नो विचार राख्नुहोला। यसले तपाईँलाई पृष्ठ किन मेटाउनु हुँदैन वर्णन गर्ने अवसर दिनेछ। यद्यपि, याद रहोस्, एक पटक पृष्ठ शीघ्र मेटाउन अङ्कित भएमा, यो तत्काल मेटाइनेछ। कृपया पृष्ठबाट शीघ्र मेटाउने चिनो आफैंले नहटाउनुहोला, तर विकिपिडियाको [[विकिपिडिया:नीति तथा दिशानिर्देशहरूको सूची|नीति तथा दिशानिर्देशहरू]] अनुरूप जानकारी थप्न नहिचकिचाउनुहोला। यदि पृष्ठ मेटिसकिएको, र भविष्यका सन्दर्भ वा सुधारको लागि तपाईँ मेटाइएको सामग्री पुनःप्राप्त गर्न चाहनुहुन्छ भने, कृपया {{Querylink|Special:Log|qs=type=delete&page=%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8+%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%99|मेटाउने प्रशासकलाई सम्पर्क गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ}}। <!-- Template:Db-notability-notice --><!-- Template:Db-csd-notice-custom --> [[User:Saroj|Saroj]] ([[User talk:Saroj|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) १२:५२, २३ सेप्टेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-40</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W40"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * A major software upgrade has been made to [[phab:|Phabricator]]. The update introduces performance improvements, a refreshed search interface, enhancements to Maniphest task search, updates to user profile pages and project workboards, new Herald automation features, as well as general text input, mobile experience improvements and more. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/phame/post/view/321/iterative_improvements_september_2025/] '''Updates for editors''' * The Community Tech team will release the new Community Wishlist extension on October 1, that will improve the way wishes will be submitted. The new extension will allow users to add tags to their wishes to better categorise them, and (in a future iteration) to filter them by status, tags and focus areas. It will also be possible to support individual wishes again, as requested by the community in many instances. The old system will be retired. There will be a brief period of downtime while the extension is deployed and wishes are migrated to the new system. You can read more about this [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|in the latest update]] or you can consult the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CommunityRequests|current documentation on MediaWiki]]. * As announced [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|on Diff blog]], the production trial of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|hCaptcha]] service for bot detection has begun. The trial is currently using hCaptcha to protect account creation on Chinese, Persian, Portuguese, Indonesian, Japanese, and Turkish Wikipedias, where it will replace our existing [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ConfirmEdit#FancyCaptcha|CAPTCHA]] (FancyCaptcha). The goal with the trial is to better block bots while also improving usability and accessibility for users who encounter CAPTCHA challenges. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|deployed]] to Wikimedia Commons. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. On Commons, anyone who is a registered user can use it as an event participant. To use it as an organizer, someone needs to have the [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Event organizers|event organizer right]]. * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to German Wikipedia. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|test the feature]] on testwiki or [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on betawiki] as well. Please share your thoughts on [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Templates used in sub-references|using templates in sub-references]] or [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|volunteer to become a pilot wiki]]. * On wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|Mentorship]] system, communities can now opt experienced editors out of Mentorship through [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship}}]]. Within this setting, communities may define thresholds, based on edit count and account age, to decide when an editor is considered experienced enough to no longer receive Mentorship. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403563] * The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tone Check|Tone check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Tone language model for the following languages: Arabic, Czech, German, Hebrew, Indonesian, Dutch, Polish, Russian, Turkish, Chinese, Farsi, Italian, Norwegian, Romanian and Latvian. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check/Tone_Check/Model_evaluation|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on October 3, which will be the start date of the test. * The rollout of [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|multiblocks]] had the side effect that non-active block logs may have been shown on {{#special:Contributions}} and on blocked users' user and user_talk pages. This issue will be fully resolved in a few days. As part of the fix, [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=sp-contributions-blocked-notice}} messages prefixed with <code>sp-contributions-blocked-notice</code>] will be removed and replaced with [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=blocked-notice-logextract}} those prefixed with <code>blocked-notice-logextract</code>] in a few weeks. Please help translate the new messages and update any local overrides if needed. * There was a bug with links added using visual editor if they included characters such as <code dir=ltr><nowiki>[ ] |</nowiki></code> after the fragment identifier (<code><nowiki>#</nowiki></code>). They were not encoded properly creating an incorrect link. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404823] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote/en}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[q:ms:|<code>q:ms:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404698] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info Card]] now displays currently active global lock/blocks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401128] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Later this week, editors using Lua modules will be able to use the <code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.title.newBatch|mw.title.newBatch]]</code> function to look up the existence of up to 25 pages at once, in a way that only increases the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parser functions#Expensive parser functions|expensive function]] count once. * A new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Unsupported Tools Working Group]] has been formed as part of ongoing efforts to collectively determine technical work priorities, similar to the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product & Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). The working group will help prioritize and review requests for support of unmaintained extensions, gadgets, bots, and tools. For the first cycle, the group will be prioritizing an unsupported Wikimedia Commons tool. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W40"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:३८, ३० सेप्टेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29355230 --> == This Month in Education: September 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 9 • September 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Brazil organizes seminar to discuss open science and scientific dissemination|Brazil organizes seminar to discuss open science and scientific dissemination]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/CBSUA Recognizes Wiki Training Completers, Awards Feminism & Folklore 2025 Winners|CBSUA Recognizes Wiki Training Completers, Awards Feminism & Folklore 2025 Winners]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/2nd International Conference on Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures Mexico 2025|2nd International Conference on Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures Mexico 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Accredited seminar for teachers in Veliko Gradište|Accredited seminar for teachers in Veliko Gradište]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Breaking Barriers, Why open Knowledge matters|Breaking Barriers, Why open Knowledge matters]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Cross-Continental Knowledge Exchange: Offa Youth Impact Initiative and St Aloysius University in 3D Education Outreach |Cross-Continental Knowledge Exchange: Offa Youth Impact Initiative and St Aloysius University in 3D Education Outreach]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Igbo Language Audio Project in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club IMSU & Alvan|Igbo Language Audio Project in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club IMSU & Alvan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Let's Read Wikipedia reached teachers of the Weenhayek indigenous nation in Bolivia|Let's Read Wikipedia reached teachers of the Weenhayek indigenous nation in Bolivia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Monográfico sobre Wikipedia en el aula, Revista Docere|Monograph on Wikipedia in the classroom, Docere Magazine]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/The Third Training Course of the “Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” Program in Jordan|The Third Training Course of the “Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” Program in Jordan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/The Ukrainian Educators’ Wikimedia Conference 2025|The Ukrainian Educators’ Wikimedia Conference 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Wikimedia MKD's edit-a-thon: Lakes|Wikimedia MKD's edit-a-thon: Lakes]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Cultura libre en las aulas|Free culture in the classroom]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki clubs|Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki clubs]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २०:५५, २ अक्टोबर २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29344785 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-41</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W41"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#paste|Paste Check]] is a new Edit Check feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check prompts them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. Starting Wednesday, 8 October, [[phab:T403680|22 wikis will test Paste Check]]. Paste Check will help new volunteers understand and follow the policies and guidelines necessary to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia projects. '''Updates for editors''' * Mobile devices will receive mobile articles directly on the standard domain (like <code>en.wikipedia.org</code>), instead of via a redirect to an "m" domain (like <code>en.m.wikipedia.org</code>). This change improves performance. This week it will be enabled on Wikipedias. The existing mobile URLs and the "Desktop view" opt-out remain available. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998] * New [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#creationdate and lasteditdate|date filters]], <code dir=ltr>creationdate:</code> and <code dir=ltr>lasteditdate:</code>, are now available in the wiki search engine. This allows users to filter search results by a page's first or last revision date. The filters support comparison operators (e.g. <code dir=ltr>>2024</code>) and relative dates (e.g. <code dir=ltr>today-1d</code>), making it easier to find recently updated content or pages within specific age ranges. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403593] * [[f:|Wikifunctions]] now supports rich text in embedded calls across the 150 wikis where it's enabled. To showcase this, the team created a [[f:Z26333|Latin declination table]] that Wiktionary editors can use to automatically generate noun forms, producing clear, formatted results — see an [[f:Wikifunctions:Embedded function calls/Wiktionary tables demonstration|example output]]. If you need any help or have any feedback, please [[f:Wikifunctions:Project chat|contact the Wikifunctions Team]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397402] * An edit link will now appear inside the categories box on article pages for logged in users, which will directly launch the VisualEditor category dialog. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291691] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a problem downloading pdf files last week and that has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405957] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The field <code dir=ltr>rev_sha1</code> in the revision database table is being removed in favor of <code dir=ltr>content_sha1</code> in the content database table. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/2D2M3SP4WHR6BXXKTZ2PBLZQYR3EGQVR/ the announcement] for more information. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web|Reader Experience team]] will roll out [[w:en:Light-on-dark color scheme|Dark Mode]] user interface on all Wikimedia sites on October 29, 2025. All anonymous users of Wikimedia sites will have the option to activate a color scheme that features light-colored text on a dark background. This is designed to provide a more comfortable reading experience, especially in low-light situations. Template authors and technical contributors are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|learn how to make pages ready for Dark mode]] and address any compatibility issues found in templates in their wiki before the enablement. Please contact the Web team for questions or any support on [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading#|this talk page]] before the enablement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628] * Starting on Monday, October 6, API endpoints under the <code>rest.php</code> path will be rerouted through a new internal API Gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400130] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W41"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २३:०९, ६ अक्टोबर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29400897 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-42</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W42"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Last week, improvements to account security and two-factor authentication (2FA) features were enabled across all wikis. These changes include user interface improvements for [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity], the support of multiple 2FA methods via authenticator apps and portable security keys (previously users could only enable one method), and a new Recovery Codes module which facilitates fewer account lockouts due to lost two-factor apps and devices. As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project, work is continuing through the rest of 2025 on further user experience improvements, and support for passkeys as an alternate second factor. '''Updates for editors''' * Another part of the Account security project is making 2FA generally available to all users. Along with editors with advanced privileges, such as administrators and bureaucrats, 40% of editors now have access to 2FA. You can check if you have access at [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity]. Instructions for activation are on the linked page. The plan is to continue increasing availability if it is determined that the user support capabilities are able to support global usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400579] * This week, users at wikis where talk page [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|Usability Improvements]] are already available by default (everywhere ''except'' the 12 wikis listed in [[phab:T379264|T379264]]) will gain the ability to Thank a comment directly from the talk page it appears on. Before this change, Thanking could only be done by visiting the revision history of the talk page. You can [[diffblog:2025/10/13/revolutionizing-gratitude-a-new-era-of-thanking-comments/|learn more about this change]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366095] * Users who have not [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|verified their email address]] will soon be receiving monthly Notification reminders to do so. This is because users who have verified their email can more easily recover their account. These reminders will not be sent if the user is inactive or removes the unverified email from their account. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T58074] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a fix was made for an occasional error with saving translated paragraphs in the Content Translation tool, and the related error messages are now easier to see. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376531] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The Unsupported Tools Working Group has chosen [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] as the first tool for its pilot cycle. The group will explore ways to improve and sustain the tool over the coming months. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Learn more on Meta]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W42"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ००:४५, १४ अक्टोबर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29434481 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-43</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W43"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * To optimize how user data is stored in our databases, the saved preferences of users who haven't logged in for over five years and have fewer than 100 edits will be cleared. When those users return, default settings will apply. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406724] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a broken link from the GlobalContributions interface message to the XTools GlobalContributions page which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406415] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The work to reroute all traffic to API endpoints under the <code dir=ltr><nowiki>rest.php</nowiki></code> route through a common API gateway is now complete. If any issues are observed, please file a phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]]. * Edits to Wikidata references or qualifiers will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401290] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W43"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:२२, २१ अक्टोबर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29478670 --> == विकिपिडिया एसियाली महिना २०२५ मा सहभागिता == [[File:Wikipedia Asian Month Logo.svg|right|200px]] नमस्ते {{BASEPAGENAME}} ज्यू!<br /> तपाईंलाई '''[[विकिपिडिया:विकिपिडिया एसियाली महिना २०२५|विकिपिडिया एसियाली महिना २०२५]]''' मा सहभागी हुन हार्दिक निमन्त्रणा गर्दछौं। नोभेम्बर महिनाभर सञ्चालन हुने अनलाइन सम्पादन–थन प्रतियोगिताको उद्देश्य नेपाली विकिपिडियामा नेपालबाहेकका एसियाली देशहरूको लेख संख्या र गुणस्तर बढाउनु हो। चार वा सोभन्दा बढी योग्य लेख सिर्जना गर्ने सहभागीहरूले विशेष '''डिजिटल बार्नस्टार''' पाउनुहुनेछ। सहभागी हुन [[विकिपिडिया:विकिपिडिया एसियाली महिना २०२५/सहभागीहरू|यहाँ क्लिक गर्नुहोस्]]। आउनुहोस्, योगदान गरेर एसियाली विकिपिडिया समुदायबीच मित्रता र सहकार्य बढाऔं! --[[प्रयोगकर्ता:Saroj|Saroj]] ([[प्रयोगकर्ता वार्ता:Saroj|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) २०:४८, २५ अक्टोबर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Saroj@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Saroj/SampleInvitation&oldid=29506389 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-44</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W44"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikipedia iOS app has launched an A/B/C test of improvements made to the tabbed browsing feature for select regions and languages. The test, named “More dynamic tabs”, explores new tab experiences and includes “Did you know” and “Because you read” article recommendations. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)/New Tab Experience and Recommendations Experiment|read more on the project page]]. * Autoconfirmed users on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] with the CampaignEvents extension can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] without the Event Organizer right. This feature lets organizers enable registration, manage participants, and lets users register with one click instead of signing event pages. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue of flashing colors when holding or pressing the arrow keys under the dark mode settings in Vector 2022 has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402285] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The CampaignEvents extension will be deployed to all remaining wikis during the week of 17 November 2025. The extension currently includes three features: Event Registration, Collaboration List, and Invitation List. For this rollout, Invitation List will not be enabled on Wikifunctions and MediaWiki unless requested by those communities. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|Visit the deployment page to learn more]]. * The SwaggerUI-based REST sandbox experience is now live on all wiki projects. The sandbox can be accessed through the [[{{#special:RestSandbox}}]] page. Please report any issues to the MediaWiki Interfaces team board, or join the discussion on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|project launch]] page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/6931/] * Transform endpoints with a trailing slash path in the MediaWiki REST API are now marked as deprecated. They will remain functional during this time, but removal is expected by the end of January 2026. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=mw-extra&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST Sandbox]. See the [[mw:API/Deprecation|MediaWiki REST API Deprecation]] page for more detailed information about the API deprecation policies and procedures. * A dedicated [[mw:API:REST API/Changelog|changelog now exists for the MediaWiki REST API]]. The changelog provides an overview of these changes, making it easier for developers to keep track of improvements and iterations. Announcements will also continue to flow through the standard communication channels, including Tech News and email distribution lists, but can now be more easily referenced from a central location. If you have feedback about the style, structure, or content of this changelog, please [[mw:API talk:REST API/Changelog|join the discussion]]. * Administrators can delete the tracking category which was previously added by the JsonConfig extension, as it is no longer used. See the categories linked from [[d:Q130635582#sitelinks-wikipedia|Q130635582]]. It is OK if there are still pages listed in the category as that is just a caching issue, and they will be automatically cleared out the next time each page is edited. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378352] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.25|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W44"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:१७, २८ अक्टोबर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29513638 --> == This Month in Education: October 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 10 • October 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/"WikiDonne Internship: Wikimedia Platforms for Open Education and Inclusive Culture!" winner at the Open Education Awards 2025|"WikiDonne Internship: Wikimedia Platforms for Open Education and Inclusive Culture!" winner at the Open Education Awards 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/A Proud Chapter in My Wikimedia Journey 🇳🇬: From Editor to Organizer|A Proud Chapter in My Wikimedia Journey 🇳🇬: From Editor to Organizer]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Debating open science and scientific dissemination in Brazil|Debating open science and scientific dissemination in Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Enhancing Academic Articles on Wikipedia with the State University of Jakarta|Enhancing Academic Articles on Wikipedia with the State University of Jakarta]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/India’s Students and Educators Lead the Way in the Wiki Science Competition 2025|India’s Students and Educators Lead the Way in the Wiki Science Competition 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/JDACA & Amman Arab University|JDACA & Amman Arab University]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/New starting page for Wikipedia users had been launched in September|New starting page for Wikipedia users had been launched in September]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Teaching Evidence Synthesis Automation with the Wikipedia–Kaggle Dataset|Teaching Evidence Synthesis Automation with the Wikipedia–Kaggle Dataset]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikimedia MKD’s Education Program activities for October|Wikimedia MKD’s Education Program activities for October]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikimedia Serbia prepares eight annual Edu Wiki camp|Wikimedia Serbia prepares eight annual Edu Wiki camp]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikivoyage editathon in Peshkopia, Albania|Wikivoyage editathon in Peshkopia, Albania]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ११:५०, २ नोभेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29511272 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-45</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W45"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Administrators will now find that [[{{#special:MergeHistory}}]] is now significantly more flexible about what it can merge. It can now merge sections taken from the middle of the history of the source (rather than only the start) and insert revisions anywhere in the history of the destination page (rather than only the start). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382958] * For users with "{{int:discussiontools-preference-autotopicsub}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|enabled in their preferences]], starting a new topic or adding a reply to an existing topic will now subscribe them to replies to that topic. Previously, this would only happen if the DiscussionTools "{{int:Skin-action-addsection}}" or "{{int:Discussiontools-replybutton}}" widgets were used. When DiscussionTools was originally launched existing accounts were not opted in to automatic topic subscriptions, so this change should primarily affect newer accounts and users who have deliberately changed their preferences since that time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290778] * Scribunto modules can now be used to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#SVG library|generate SVG images]]. This can be used to build charts, graphics and other visualizations dynamically through Lua, reducing the need to compose them externally and upload them as files. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405861] * Wikimedia sites now provide all anonymous users with the option to enable a dark mode color scheme, featuring light-colored text on a dark background. This enhancement aims to deliver a more enjoyable reading experience, especially in dimly lit environments. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628] * Users with large watchlists have long faced timeouts when editing [[Special:EditWatchlist|Special:EditWatchlist]]. The page now loads entries in smaller sections instead of all at once due to a paging update, allowing everyone to edit their watchlists smoothly. As part of the database update, sorting by expiry has been removed because it was over 100× slower than sorting by title. A [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/W454 community wish] has been created to explore alternative ways to restore sort-by-expiry. If this feature is important to you, please support the wish! [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T41510] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the fixing of the persisting highlighting when using VisualEditor find and replace during a query. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407318] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Since 2019 the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]] at https://w.wiki is available for all Wikimedia wikis to create short links to articles, permalinks, diffs, etc. It is available in the sidebar as "Get shortened URL". There are 30 wikis that also install an older "ShortUrl" extension. The old extension will soon be removed. This means <code>/s/</code> URLs will not be advertised under article titles via HTML <code dir=ltr>class="title-shortlink"</code>. The <code>/s/</code> URLs will keep working. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T107188] * On Thursday, October 30, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team|MediaWiki Interfaces]] and [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Service Operations]] teams began rerouting Action API traffic through a common API gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/serviceops/ Service Ops team] board. * MediaWiki Train deployments will pause for the final two weeks of 2025: 22 December and 29 December. Backport windows will also pause between Monday, 22 December 2025 and Thursday, 2 January 2026. A backport window is a scheduled time to add things like bug fixes and configuration changes. There are seven deployment trains remaining for 2025. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SMWTEAES4SDLDUSK4HMWNBSKNCXZAWYN/] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * In 2025, the Wikimedia Foundation reported that AI systems and search engines increasingly use Wikipedia content without driving users to the site, contributing to an 8% drop in human pageviews compared to 2024. After detecting bots disguised as humans, Wikimedia updated its traffic data to reflect this shift. Read more about current user trends on Wikipedia in [[diffblog:2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/|a Diff blog post]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W45"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:२०, ४ नोभेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29552512 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-46</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W46"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' [[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]] * Starting November 12, users will see a change in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Usability improvements|appearance of talk pages]] on [[Phab:T379264|some Wikipedias]]. Almost [[phab:T392121|all wikis]] have received this design change; [[phab:T409297|English Wikipedia]] will get these changes later. You can read more [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. Users can opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in their user preferences]] in "{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379264] * MediaWiki can now display a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Protection indicators|page indicator]] automatically while a page is protected. This feature is disabled by default. It can be enabled by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|community request]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12347] * Using the "{{int:showpreview}}" or "{{int:showdiff}}" buttons in the wikitext editor will now carry over certain URL parameters like '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#useskin|useskin]]', '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#uselang|uselang]]' and '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Section#Editing sections|section]]'. This update also fixes an issue where, if the browser crashed while previewing an edit to a single section, saving this edit could overwrite the entire page with just that section’s content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62744][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24029][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T155097] * Wikivoyage wikis can use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Markers and counters|colored map markers in the article text]]. The text of these markers will now be shown in contrasting black or white color, instead of always being white. Local workarounds for the problem can be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369454] * The Activity tab in the Wikipedia Android app is now available for all users. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/Activity_Tab_Experiment] * The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment called "Image browsing" to test how to make it easier for readers to browse and discover images on Wikipedia articles. This experiment, a mobile-only A/B test, will go live on English Wikipedia in the week of November 17 and will run for four weeks, affecting 0.05% of users on English wiki. The test launched on November 3 on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese wikis, affecting up to 10% of users on those wikis. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Reader_Growth/WE3.1.3_Image_Browsing] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example the inability to lock accounts on mobile sites has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T256185] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#November 2025 committee nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]] members. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open through 2025-11-28. * The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT issuer field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]] has been changed to <code><nowiki>https://meta.wikimedia.org</nowiki></code>. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199] * The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT subject field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] will soon change from <code><user id></code> to <code dir=ltr style="white-space:nowrap">mw:<identity type>:<user id></code>, where <code><identity type></code> is typically <code dir=ltr>CentralAuth:</code><!-- not a typo --> (for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]]) or <code dir=ltr style="white-space:nowrap">local:<wiki id></code> (for other wikis). This is to avoid conflicts between different user ID types, and to make OAuth 2 access tokens and the <code>sessionJwt</code> cookie more similar. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199] * MediaWiki's block messages ([[MediaWiki:Blockedtext|blockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-partial|blockedtext-partial]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext|autoblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Systemblockedtext|systemblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-tempuser|blockedtext-tempuser]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext-tempuser|autoblockedtext-tempuser]]) now support additional parameters indicating whether the user is blocked from editing their own user talk page <code><nowiki>$9</nowiki></code> or emailing other users <code><nowiki>$</nowiki><nowiki>10</nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285612] * A <code>REL1_45</code> branch for MediaWiki core and each of the extensions and skins in Wikimedia git has been created. This is the first step in the release process for MediaWiki 1.45.0, scheduled for late November 2025. If you are working on a critical bug fix or working on a new feature, you may need to take note of this change. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/ZUY7TY3Z6XPZWZVAZV63OPO5OW52Q6GE/] * The process for generating CirrusSearch dumps has been updated due to slowing performance. If you encounter any issues migrating to the replacement dumps, please contact the Search Platform Team for support. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366248][https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/3KQPOR6ACVN6OVLMLZPIBXQSWQKW4E3K/] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W46"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:२३, ११ नोभेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29606150 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-47</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W47"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is experimenting with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4_Reading lists|reading lists on mobile web]], allowing logged-in readers with no edits to save private lists of articles for later. The experiment is running on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias since the week of 10 November, and will begin on English Wikipedia the week of 17 November. * Users who can’t receive their email verification code during login can now get help by submitting a form on a new special page. This update is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. If your account has an email address, please make sure you still have access to it. When logging in from a new device or location without 2FA, you may be asked to enter a 6-digit code sent by email to finish logging in. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Why are you requiring me to enter a code from my email to log in? Can I opt out of this?|Learn more]]. * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[s:min:|<code>s:min:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408317] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, the Content Transform Team rolled out Parsoid as the default parser to many low-traffic Wikipedias and is preparing the next step to high traffic ones. This message is an invitation for you to opt-in to Parsoid, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation, and identify any issues you might encounter with your own workflow using bots, gadgets, or user scripts. Please, let us know through the ''"Report Visual Bug"'' link in the Tools sidebar or create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. * Unsupported Tools: Several issues with [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] have been fixed, including filename-related upload failures, black-video imports, and retry handling. AV1 support has also been added. Ongoing work focuses on backend stability, ffmpeg errors, subtitle imports, metadata handling, and playlist uploads. To track specific tasks, check the [[phab:tag/video2commons/|Phabricator board]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * Save the date for the next Wikimedia Hackathon happening in Milan, Italy from May 1–3, 2026. Registration will open in January 2026. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/Hackathon-2026/ Scholarship applications are currently open], and will close on November 28, 2025. If you have any questions, please email <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">hackathon@wikimedia.org</bdi>. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W47"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २३:११, १७ नोभेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29627455 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-48</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W48"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Wikimedia Search Team]] recreated the "DWIM" (Do What I Mean) gadget functionality server-side, for Russian and Hebrew Wikipedias. This feature adds cross-keyboard suggestions to the standard search-box suggestions. For example, searching for ''<span lang="und" dir="ltr">cxfcnmt</span>'' on Russian Wikipedia will now add suggestions for ''<span lang="ru" dir="ltr">счастье</span>'' ("happiness") that the user probably intended. They plan to enable this feature for other Russian and Hebrew wikis this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408734] * Later this week, users of the "{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have syntax highlighting available in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]]. This requires that the "{{int:discussiontools-preference-sourcemodetoolbar}}" preference be set. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407918] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|Campaign events extension]] – the set of tools for coordinating events and other on-wiki collaborations has now been deployed to all Wikimedia wikis. A new feature known as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative contribution]] to help organizers and participants see the impact of activities has also been added. Join the upcoming [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Connection learning session 3|learning session]] to see the new feature in action and share your feedback. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug which stopped CodeReviewBot from working, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410417] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Users of Wikimedia API can join a usability study to help validate the new design of Wikimedia REST API sandboxes. Interested participants should fill the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/487662 recruitment survey]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IREJRRWTZTGCYWQHDMSNJFTQAEPOOAE3/] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is deprecating XSLT stylesheets within the Action API. Support for <code dir=ltr>format=xml'''&xlst={stylesheet}'''</code> will be removed from Wikimedia projects by the end of November, 2025. In addition, it will soon be disabled by default in MediaWiki release versions: v1.43 (LTS), v1.44, and v1.45. Support for XSLT stylesheets will be fully removed from MediaWiki v1.46 (expected to release between April and May 2026). [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/5AX7UWAVVUNUSBOIRHMNOKWOZ5EZI3JX/] * The WDQS legacy endpoint ([https://query-legacy-full.wikidata.org/ query-legacy-full.wikidata.org]) will be decommissioned at the end of December 2025, and finally closed down on 7th January 2026. After this date, users should expect requests to query.wikidata.org that require the full graph to fail or return invalid results if they are not rewritten to use SPARQL federation. The team encourages users to ensure that tools and workflows use the supported WDQS endpoints (<span dir=ltr><nowiki>https://query.wikidata.org/</nowiki></span> - Main graph or <span dir=ltr><nowiki>https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/</nowiki></span> - Scholarly graph). For support with migrating use cases, please review the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Data_access|Data Access]] and [[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query|Request a Query]] pages for details and assistance on alternative access methods. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W48"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २१:४२, २४ नोभेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29702226 --> == This Month in Education: November 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 11 • November 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Auckland Museum's Wiki Summer Student Programme is back for 2025 & 2026|Auckland Museum's Wiki Summer Student Programme is back for 2025 & 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Edu Wiki camp 2025 in Belgrade, Serbia|Edu Wiki camp 2025 in Belgrade, Serbia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wikidata na Escola: estudantes da zona rural de Minas Gerais contribuem com dados sobre mulheres negras brasileiras|Wikidata na Escola: estudantes da zona rural de Minas Gerais contribuem com dados sobre mulheres negras brasileiras]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/190 students from Oteitza Lizeoa create 48 articles on the history of the Basque Country for Txikipedia in one day|190 students from Oteitza Lizeoa create 48 articles on the history of the Basque Country for Txikipedia in one day]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/2nd International Congress Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures – WECUDI|2nd International Congress Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures – WECUDI]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Africa and Proud Leads Wiki Classroom Project Across Three Nigerian States|Africa and Proud Leads Wiki Classroom Project Across Three Nigerian States]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/November 2025November 2025/Annual Czech Wiki Conference took place on Saturday, Nov 8th|November 2025November 2025/Annual Czech Wiki Conference took place on Saturday, Nov 8th]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/EduWiki Meetup at GLAM Wiki Conference 2025|EduWiki Meetup at GLAM Wiki Conference 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Highly productive autumn education activities in Macedonia|Highly productive autumn education activities in Macedonia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Kannada Wikipedia Asian Month 2025: Edit-a-thon & Workshop Highlights from Loyola College, Karnataka|Kannada Wikipedia Asian Month 2025: Edit-a-thon & Workshop Highlights from Loyola College, Karnataka]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Kosovo Wikivoyage Editathons in Gjakova and Krusha e Madhe|Kosovo Wikivoyage Editathons in Gjakova and Krusha e Madhe]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Ukrainian educators create open lesson plans based on the «Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom» course|Ukrainian educators create open lesson plans based on the «Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom» course]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary – University of Nueva Caceres joins Wikisource Training|United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary – University of Nueva Caceres joins Wikisource Training]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Videos on Teaching Experiences with Wikipedia, Wikidata, Commons, and OSM|Videos on Teaching Experiences with Wikipedia, Wikidata, Commons, and OSM]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki as a tool for technological empowerment of indigenous knowledge|Wiki as a tool for technological empowerment of indigenous knowledge]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki Science Competition in Albania and Kosovo|Wiki Science Competition in Albania and Kosovo]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki Workshop 2026 Call for Contributions|Wiki Workshop 2026 Call for Contributions]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wikipedia Contribution with Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Students in Kosovo|Wikipedia Contribution with Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Students in Kosovo]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Impact of Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki Clubs in Growth of Wikimedia User Group Rwanda Community|Impact of Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki Clubs in Growth of Wikimedia User Group Rwanda Community]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १९:३१, ३० नोभेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29716809 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-49</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W49"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikipedia Year in Review 2025 will be available on December 2 for users of iOS and Android Wikipedia apps, featuring new personalized insights, updated reading highlights, and refreshed designs. Learn more on the review's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/Updates|project page]]. * The Growth team is working on improving the text and presentation of the Verification Email sent to new users to make them more welcoming, useful and informative. Some new text have been drafted for A/B testing and you can help by translating them. See [[phab:T396155|Phabricator]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] will now be deployed at Japanese, Urdu and Chinese Wikipedias on December 2. Add a link is based on a prediction model that suggests links to be added to articles. While this feature has already been available on most Wikipedias, the prediction model could not support certain languages. A new model has now been developed to handle these languages, and it will be gradually rolled out to other Wikipedias over time. If you would like to know more, please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where search boxes on some Commons pages showed no results due to switch from SpecialSearch to MediaSearch, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399476] * Two new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36846|Toki Pona]] ([[w:tok:|<code>w:tok:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404457] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q33655|Nigerian Pidgin]] ([[q:pcm:|<code>q:pcm:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408318] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Wikimedia Foundation is in the early stages of exploring approaches to '''Article guidance'''. The initiative aims to identify interventions that could help new editors easily understand and apply existing Wikipedia practices and policies when creating an article. The project is in the exploration and early experimental design phase. All community members are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|learn more]] about the project, and share their thoughts on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Article guidance|the talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W49"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ००:४३, २ डिसेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29732328 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-50</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W50"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Anybody who wishes to secure their user account can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). This is available to all registered users of all Wikimedia projects. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. Later, 2FA will be required for all users who can take security- or privacy-sensitive actions. '''Updates for editors''' * Following last week's deployments, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] feature, which allows editors to add suggested links during editing, will be available to an additional [[Phab:T410469|33 Wikipedias]] starting on 9 December. This expansion is possible thanks to the new prediction model that now supports all languages, including those that were previously not covered. While the feature has been available on most Wikipedias for some time, this rollout brings us closer to using the improved model everywhere. If you have any questions or would like more details please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Search Platform team]] added [[w:en:Transliteration|transliterated]] as-you-type search suggestions to Georgian wikis. If there are only a few regular search suggestions, then queries in Latin or Cyrillic script [[phab:T127003|are now rewritten into Georgian script]] to look for more matches. For example, searching for either <bdi lang="ka-Latn" dir="ltr">''bedniereba''</bdi> or <bdi lang="ka-Cyrl" dir="ltr">''бедниереба''</bdi> will now suggest the existing article about <bdi lang="ka" dir="ltr">ბედნიერება</bdi> ("happiness"). You can recommend other languages where transliterated suggestions would be useful [[phab:T375215|on Phabricator]] for future development. * Later this week, a controlled experiment will begin for editors on the 100 largest Wikipedias who are editing a section in the mobile web visual editor. 50% of these editors will notice a new "Edit full page" button that will enable them to expand their editing session to the whole page. This feature is intended to make it easier for people on mobile web to edit any article section, regardless of which section-edit icon they tapped to begin. The experiment will last ~4 weeks. You can find [[phab:T409112|more details]] about the project. * Later this week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] will launch a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.1.14 Expanded Mobile Sections|mobile web experiment]] to expand all article sections by default (currently they are collapsed by default) and pin the section header the user is currently reading to the top of the page. The experiment will affect 10% of users on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409485] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/2025 Year in Review|Wikipedia Year in Review 2025]], a feature in the Wikipedia mobile apps (iOS and Android) that provides users with a personalised summary of their engagement with Wikipedia over the year, is now available on the iOS and Android apps. This edition includes expanded personalised insights, improved reading highlights, new donor messaging, and updated designs. Open the app to view your Year in Review and explore your reading journey from 2025. * A recent software bug caused edits made with VisualEditor to make unintended changes to wikitext, including removing whitespace and replacing spaces with underscores in wikilinks inside citations. This was partially fixed last week, and further fixes are in progress. Editors who used VisualEditor between November 28 and December 2 should review their edits for unexpected modifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411238] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the incorrect handling of URLs copied from the address bar of Microsoft Edge users, has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341281] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting this week, users of the "{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] as the editor for Lua, JavaScript, CSS, JSON and Vue content models, instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]]. With this, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linters]] will be upgraded. This is part of a larger effort to eventually replace CodeEditor and provide a consistent code editing experience. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373711] * Developers are encouraged to take the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/552643 2025 Developer Satisfaction Survey], which remains open until 5 January 2026. If you build software for the Wikimedia ecosystem and would like to share your experiences or feedback, your participation is greatly appreciated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/W4WBKO6Q55UWWCCSFWQATKEXBEHP3QNR/] * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W50"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २३:३१, ८ डिसेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29738112 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-51</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W51"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, one of the fixes addressed an issue for temporary accounts adding an external URL, which triggered an hCaptcha request in more cases than intended, and did not display the required popup on the first attempt to publish the edit. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411927] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * To improve database and site performance, external links to Wikimedia projects will no longer be stored in the database. This means they will not be searchable in [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]], will not be checked by the Spam Blacklist or AbuseFilter as new links, and will not be in the <code dir=ltr>externallinks</code> table on database replicas. In the future this may be extended to other highly-linked trusted websites on a per-wiki basis, such as Creative Commons links on Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405005] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W51"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ००:४८, १६ डिसेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29796010 --> == This Month in Education: December 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 12 • December 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/December 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/December 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WikiLatih Wiktionary with the Goethe-Institut: Strengthening the Digital Presence of Indonesia’s Local Languages|WikiLatih Wiktionary with the Goethe-Institut: Strengthening the Digital Presence of Indonesia’s Local Languages]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Wiki in schools - Architecture and Open Heritage|Wiki in schools - Architecture and Open Heritage]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/What are the challenges and opportunities in scientific dissemination? Reflecting on the topic in the Brazilian context|What are the challenges and opportunities in scientific dissemination? Reflecting on the topic in the Brazilian context]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WikipediaxAI: Wikipedia, AI, and the future of knowledge|WikipediaxAI: Wikipedia, AI, and the future of knowledge]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Wikipedia at University Another year of working alongside higher education institutions in Argentina|Wikipedia at University Another year of working alongside higher education institutions in Argentina]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WAM - Tulu Edit-a-thon & Workshop in St Aloysius University |WAM - Tulu Edit-a-thon & Workshop in St Aloysius University]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Visibilizando memórias negras: estudantes da UFRGS ampliam a Wikipédia com foco na imprensa e no associativismo pós-abolição|Visibilizando memórias negras: estudantes da UFRGS ampliam a Wikipédia com foco na imprensa e no associativismo pós-abolição]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Transforming Education Through Wikimedia in Kosovo: 2025|Transforming Education Through Wikimedia in Kosovo: 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/New WikiClubs and educational partnership in Albania|New WikiClubs and educational partnership in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/New WikiClub with the Dibra Youth Center in Albania|New WikiClub with the Dibra Youth Center in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Landmark Educational Initiatives and Wikimedia Programs Transform Learning in 2025|Landmark Educational Initiatives and Wikimedia Programs Transform Learning in 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Knowledge in the Digital Age: A WMUK Collaborative Workshop|Knowledge in the Digital Age: A WMUK Collaborative Workshop]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २०:०७, १७ डिसेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29814101 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-52</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W52"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * From January, edit filters [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Access flags|can be set]] to automatically suppress their details such as rules and list of attempted edits and actions. This will help oversighters use edit filters to prevent doxxing or other suppressible material. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290324] * The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 12 January 2026 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:16}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:16|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the crash that occurred when tapping "First Steps" in the Wikipedia Android Year in Review has now been fixed, and the feature opens as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411546] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Interface elements such as diffs and categories generated by MediaWiki used to have the attribute <code dir=ltr>data-mw="interface"</code> to distinguish from wiki content. The attribute has been replaced with <code dir=ltr>data-mw-interface=""</code>, to avoid potential conflicts with other <code dir=ltr>data-mw</code> attributes, which are generated by Parsoid. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409187] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week. '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications just opened mid-December and will close in mid-January or earlier if capacity is reached. With space for approximately 100 participants, early application is encouraged. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W52"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०३:३०, २३ डिसेम्बर २०२५ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29831856 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-03</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support "map" as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W03"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:१९, १३ जनवरी २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29907192 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-04</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: <code dir=ltr>https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/</code>) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]! * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W04"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:१५, २० जनवरी २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29943403 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-05</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February. * All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. * Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the "prevent this user from editing their own talk page" is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new AbuseFilter variable, <code>account_type</code>, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the <code>createaccount</code> and <code>autocreateaccount</code> actions. As part of this change, the variable <code>accountname</code> has been renamed to <code>account_name</code>, and <code>accountname</code> is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049] * Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to <code dir=ltr><nowiki>upload.wikimedia.org/…</nowiki></code> will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W05"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०३:०३, २७ जनवरी २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29969530 --> == This Month in Education: January 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 1 • January 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Strengthening Wikimedia Education and Digital Literacy in 2026|Strengthening Wikimedia Education and Digital Literacy in 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Dzongkha Wikipedia Education Program in Bhutan|Dzongkha Wikipedia Education Program in Bhutan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Wikipedia Education Program - Train The Trainer in Nepal|Wikipedia Education Program – Train The Trainer in Nepal]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Wikipedia 25 celebration in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club Alvan and IMSU|Wikipedia 25 celebration in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club Alvan and IMSU]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/CBSUA boosts Open Knowledge and Local Culture through expanded Wiki Education Program|CBSUA boosts Open Knowledge and Local Culture through expanded Wiki Education Program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/WikiChallenge African Schools: Young voices, real impact, and continued (reasonable) growth|WikiChallenge African Schools: Young voices, real impact, and continued (reasonable) growth]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Updates on Auckland Museum Summer Student Programme|Updates on Auckland Museum Summer Student Programme]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Stronger and bolder Wikiforhumanrights 2025 in Anambra Network|Stronger and bolder Wikiforhumanrights 2025 in Anambra Network]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Official Opening of IFAK Secondary School Wiki Club: Engaging Youth in Learning Through Open Knowledge|Official Opening of IFAK Secondary School Wiki Club: Engaging Youth in Learning Through Open Knowledge]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Greetings from the Jeronim de Rada WikiClub in Elbasan, Albania, for Christmas 2025|Greetings from the Jeronim de Rada WikiClub in Elbasan, Albania, for Christmas 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Great and productive final activities of 2025 Wikimedia MKD education programme|Great and productive final activities of 2025 Wikimedia MKD education programme]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Envisioning an Open Future together - WikiForAll|Envisioning an Open Future together – WikiForAll]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A look back: reviewing the main education activities in Brazil in 2025|A look back: reviewing the main education activities in Brazil in 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A 147-Year-Old Institution Celebrates 25 Years of Wikipedia: St Aloysius University and the Spirit of Open Knowledge|A 147-Year-Old Institution Celebrates 25 Years of Wikipedia: St Aloysius University and the Spirit of Open Knowledge]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/¡Celebrando 25 años de conocimiento libre! El Proyecto "25x25" llega a las aulas de Córdoba, Argentina|Celebrating 25 years of free knowledge! The '25x25' Project reaches the classrooms of Córdoba, Argentina]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A atuação em rede da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora para a difusão do conhecimento livre na Wikipédia|The collaborative efforts of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora for the dissemination of free knowledge on Wikipedia]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ००:११, २९ जनवरी २०२६ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29951116 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-06</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The "{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}" feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''Weekly highlight''' * Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W06"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २३:२९, २ फेब्रुअरी २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30000986 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-07</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors. * A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] * When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458] * The automatic "magic links" for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] <code dir=ltr><nowiki>{{#isbn}}</nowiki></code> available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604] * Two new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|<code>w:kaj:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|<code>w:ppl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W07"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०५:१६, १० फेब्रुअरी २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30026671 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-08</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237] '''Updates for editors''' * The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval] * The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. * Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add <code dir="ltr">#siteNotice { display: none; }</code> to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the "view new changes since…" button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W08"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:०२, १७ फेब्रुअरी २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30086330 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-09</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764] * Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new "Edit full page" button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered "beta" on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:skin-theme-description</code> and <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag</code> to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta. * The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], <code dir=ltr>ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild</code>, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W09"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ००:४९, २४ फेब्रुअरी २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30119102 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-10</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki. '''Updates for editors''' * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&filter=&optional=1&action=translate help to localize] this and related features. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912] * Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807] * Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no <code dir=ltr>uselang=</code> URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111] * The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. * For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust & Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696] * The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views. * The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users. * [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W10"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २३:३७, २ मार्च २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30137798 --> == This Month in Education: February 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 2 • February 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Cairo University Spanish Language Volunteers document Madrid’s Historic and Contemporary Palaces|Cairo University Spanish Language Volunteers document Madrid’s Historic and Contemporary Palaces]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Celebrating 25 Years of Wikipedia in Uzbekistan|Celebrating 25 Years of Wikipedia in Uzbekistan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Encontro da Rede Latino Americana de Inteligência Artificial Feminista: construindo futuros possíveis|Meeting of the Latin American Network of Feminist Artificial Intelligence: building possible futures]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Farewelling the Auckland Museum Summer Students|Farewelling the Auckland Museum Summer Students]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Inclusive Climate Learning with Wikimedia Reaches Special School in Kumasi|Inclusive Climate Learning with Wikimedia Reaches Special School in Kumasi]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Introducing Wikimedia in Academic curriculum for students of higher education in universities of Telangana |Introducing Wikimedia in Academic curriculum for students of higher education in universities of Telangana]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Learning from Finland: Edit-a-thon on Finnish Education set to take place in Belgrade|Learning from Finland: Edit-a-thon on Finnish Education set to take place in Belgrade]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Library of IME-USP Workshop: Edits in History of Mathematics|Library of IME-USP Workshop: Edits in History of Mathematics]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/LitFest 2026: Room to Dream to amplify local voices across Wikimedia|LitFest 2026: Room to Dream to amplify local voices across Wikimedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/New online workshops for the German language Wikipedia|New online workshops for the German language Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Road to Wiki Cohort 1: Building India's Next Generation of Wikimedia Technical Contributors|Road to Wiki Cohort 1: Building India's Next Generation of Wikimedia Technical Contributors]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/The history of the Wikimedia movement in a Brazil: a book about stories and projects|The history of the Wikimedia movement in a Brazil: a book about stories and projects]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Club Federal Government Boys College Celebrates Mother Tongue Day|Wiki Club Federal Government Boys College Celebrates Mother Tongue Day]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Club Minalabac joins Freedom to Read 2026: One World, Many Languages|Wiki Club Minalabac joins Freedom to Read 2026: One World, Many Languages]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Love Folklore Photowalk at Khajuraho Dance Festival 2026|Wiki Love Folklore Photowalk at Khajuraho Dance Festival 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Loves Fish Workshop Empowers Students to Document Coastal Biodiversity|Wiki Loves Fish Workshop Empowers Students to Document Coastal Biodiversity]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/WikiCendekia 2026: Insights from our training of admins in Indonesia|WikiCendekia 2026: Insights from our training of admins in Indonesia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wikimedia MKD's activities- new wiki club and a lots of new training workshops|Wikimedia MKD's activities- new wiki club and a lots of new training workshops]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/WikiPatrimoine Senghor : Valorisation du patrimoine culturel africain à l'Université Senghor|WikiPatrimoine Senghor : Valuation of African cultural heritage at the University Senghor]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wikipedia Turns 25: Young Voices, Big Future|Wikipedia Turns 25: Young Voices, Big Future]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १७:४०, ३ मार्च २०२६ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=30155806 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-11</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. * Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]). '''Updates for editors''' * Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118] * Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W11"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ००:३८, १० मार्च २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30213008 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-12</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055] * On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016] * Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]]. * Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874] * Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror</code> or <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.lib</code> modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.switch</code> hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects). * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W12"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:२१, १७ मार्च २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30260505 --> == अत्यावश्यक ज्ञान अभियान २०२६ == नमस्ते {{BASEPAGENAME}} ज्यू! तपाईंलाई [[Event:अत्यावश्यक ज्ञान अभियान २०२६|अत्यावश्यक ज्ञान अभियान २०२६]] मा सहभागी हुन हार्दिक निमन्त्रणा गर्दछौं। यो ३-हप्ते अभियान (२३ मार्च – १३ अप्रिल २०२६) मार्फत नेपाली विकिपिडियामा अत्यावश्यक लेखहरू सुधार र विस्तार गर्ने लक्ष्य राखिएको छ। यस अभियानमा सहभागी भई तपाईंले: * विकिपिडियामा सम्पादन गर्ने सीप विकास गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ * लेखहरू सुधार, अनुवाद तथा नयाँ लेख सिर्जना गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ * नेपाली विकिपिडियामा महत्त्वपूर्ण योगदान दिन सक्नुहुन्छ उत्कृष्ट योगदानकर्ताहरूलाई [https://diff.wikimedia.org/ Diff] (विकिमिडिया समुदाय ब्लग) मार्फत विशेष पहिचान दिइनेछ। प्रति हप्ता २–५ घण्टा समय दिएर पनि तपाईं सहभागी हुन सक्नुहुन्छ। सहभागी हुन र थप जानकारीका लागि कृपया [[Event:अत्यावश्यक ज्ञान अभियान २०२६|अभियान पृष्ठ हेर्नुहोस्]]। धन्यवाद! --[[प्रयोगकर्ता:Saroj|Saroj]] ([[प्रयोगकर्ता वार्ता:Saroj|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) १५:३६, २३ मार्च २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:Saroj@newiki using the list at https://ne.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE:Saroj/MassMessage&oldid=1347853 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-13</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|"Log in with passkey" button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647] * The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823] * Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127] * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W13"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २२:३६, २३ मार्च २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30268305 --> ==[[:राष्ट्रिय शिक्षा पद्धतिको योजना (२०२८ - २०३२ )]] [[विकिपिडिया:शीघ्र मेट्नुपर्ने आधार|शीघ्र मेट्नुपर्ने]]मा मनोनित== [[Image:Information icon4.svg|48px|left|alt=|link=]] {{Quote box|quote=<p>यदि यो तपाईँले सृजना गर्नुभएको पहिलो लेख हो भने, तपाईँ [[विकिपिडिया:स्वशिक्षा|लेखन सहयोग स्वशिक्षा]] पढ्न सक्नुहुन्छ।</p><p>लेख सृजना गर्न मद्दत गर्ने [[विकिपिडिया:लेख विजार्ड|लेख सहायिका]] पनि तपाईँ प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ।</p>|width=20%|align=right}} नमस्कार, विकिपिडियामा तपाईँलाई [[विकिपिडिया:स्वागत/नव आगन्तुक|स्वागत]] छ। यस [[:राष्ट्रिय शिक्षा पद्धतिको योजना (२०२८ - २०३२ )]]लाई विकिपिडिया देखि [[विकिपिडिया:पृष्ठ हटाउने नीति|चाँडैनै मेटिने]] भनेर एउटा चिनो राखिएको छ। यसले [[वि:शीमे#ले१|ले१]] मापदण्ड अन्तर्गत '''कुनै सन्दर्भ नभएको''' वा '''विषय पहिचान गर्न पर्याप्त सन्दर्भको कमी भएको''' जनाउदछ। [[विकिपिडिया:प्रमानिकता|कुनै सन्दर्भ नभएका]] सम्पूर्ण सामग्रीलाई [[विकिपिडिया:शीघ्र मेट्नुपर्ने आधार|शीघ्र मेट्नुपर्ने मापदण्ड]]को आधारमा कुनै पनि समयमा मेटिन सक्छ। यदि तपाईँलाई लाग्छ पृष्ठलाई यस कारणले मेटाउनु हुँदैन, तपाईँ '''नामाङ्कन विरोध गर्न''' [[:राष्ट्रिय शिक्षा पद्धतिको योजना (२०२८ - २०३२ )|पृष्ठमा गएर]] आफ्नो विचार राख्नुहोला। यसले तपाईँलाई पृष्ठ किन मेटाउनु हुँदैन वर्णन गर्ने अवसर दिनेछ। यद्यपि, याद रहोस्, एक पटक पृष्ठ शीघ्र मेटाउन अङ्कित भएमा, यो तत्काल मेटाइनेछ। कृपया पृष्ठबाट शीघ्र मेटाउने चिनो आफैंले नहटाउनुहोला, तर विकिपिडियाको [[विकिपिडिया:नीति तथा दिशानिर्देशहरूको सूची|नीति तथा दिशानिर्देशहरू]] अनुरूप जानकारी थप्न नहिचकिचाउनुहोला। यदि पृष्ठ मेटिसकिएको, र भविष्यका सन्दर्भ वा सुधारको लागि तपाईँ मेटाइएको सामग्री पुनःप्राप्त गर्न चाहनुहुन्छ भने, कृपया {{Querylink|Special:Log|qs=type=delete&page=%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF+%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B+%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE+%28%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AE+-+%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%A8+%29|मेटाउने प्रशासकलाई सम्पर्क गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ}}, वा यदि तपाईँले पहिल्यै त्यसो गरिसक्नुभएमा, एउटा अनुरोध तपाईँ [[विकिपिडिया:मेटाइएको संशोधन|यहाँ राख्न सक्नुहुन्छ]]। <!-- Template:Db-nocontext-notice --> <!-- Template:Db-csd-notice-custom --> [[User:पर्वत सुवेदी|पर्वत सुवेदी]] ([[User talk:पर्वत सुवेदी|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) २१:५०, २८ मार्च २०२६ (नेपाली समय) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-14</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]]. '''Updates for editors''' * The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]]. * The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap "Edit". This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W14"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:११, ३१ मार्च २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30329462 --> == This Month in Education: March 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 3 • March 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona|Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG|Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources|Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe|Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program|Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026|Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up|One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN|Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology|Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries|The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners|Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil|Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI|Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities|“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikipedia & Libraries: Building New Contributors|Wikipedia & Libraries: Building New Contributors]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] १६:०६, १ अप्रिल २०२६ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=30317659 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २२:०४, ६ अप्रिल २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २१:०४, १३ अप्रिल २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * After two years of development, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]], also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], is to be promoted out of beta on Tuesday, April 21. It brings better code and wikitext readability, reduction in typing errors, and other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|benefits]] to all users of the standard syntax highlighter. A huge thank you to volunteer [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/p/Bhsd/ Bhsd] who developed many of the new features, including [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Code folding|code folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linting]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * A major update to the Wikipedia app for iOS is now rolling out, redesigning the interface to align with Apple's latest "Liquid Glass" visual design. [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia/id324715238 Download the latest version] and explore the update. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading lists]] is a feature which allows readers to save articles to a list for reading later. This feature is now in beta on Arabic, French, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and by default for all new accounts on all Wikipedias. * An experiment which explores extending [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Page Previews to mobile web]] will be launched in the week of April 20 on Arabic, English, French, Italian, Polish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. Page Previews are pop-ups that display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and a link to open the full article of a blue link, thereby improving content discovery. The feature is already available on desktop and in the apps. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology#Template|Read more about this experiment and others]]. * On several wikis, logged-in editors who haven't [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email confirmation|confirmed their email addresses]] can now see a banner encouraging them to do so. Having the email address confirmed allows a user to restore access to the account if they lose it. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Encouraging users to confirm their email addresses|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421366] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:15}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:15|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where editing very large wiki pages in the 2017 wikitext editor caused slow loading, preview and scrolling lag, and performance issues when selecting, cutting, or pasting content, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184857] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the promotion of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] from a beta feature, all users will use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The <code>mirrors.wikimedia.org</code> service for Debian and Ubuntu users will sunset and stop working on May 15. The resources for the service will be replaced with new and better options. Some users may need to switch to a different server which should take about a minute. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LJYRIS4WB66HIRCAO4GIDTXCMDVZRBMA/ You can read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416707] * The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> table will be removed from [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|wikireplicas]]. If your tools or queries access <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> directly, please update them to use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>file</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>filerevision</nowiki></code></bdi> table before 28 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T28741] * Following the recent implementation of global API rate limits on unidentified traffic, the Wikimedia Foundation will continue efforts to ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]] by applying global limits to identified API traffic beginning the last week of April. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Attribution API|Attribution API]] is now available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Stability policy|beta]]. The API fetches information for crediting Wikimedia articles and media files wherever they are used. Reference documentation is available through the REST Sandbox special page available on all Wikimedia wikis (such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=attribution.v0-beta&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST sandbox on English Wikipedia]). Share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Attribution API|project talk page]]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W17"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २०:४६, २० अप्रिल २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30432763 --> == This Month in Education: April 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 4 • April 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update|Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh|WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War|Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course|Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools|Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia|University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania|Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan|Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria|Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites|Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/A month full of encounters with students in Brazil|A month full of encounters with students in Brazil]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] २१:४६, २७ अप्रिल २०२६ (नेपाली समय)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=30406002 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * There is a change in how new users are autoconfirmed that will improve anti-vandalism protection. Currently, users who have had an account for a few days and made a few edits are automatically added to the [[{{int:grouppage-autoconfirmed/{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}|{{int:group-autoconfirmed}}]] group. This configuration tends to be exploited by some vandals, who create accounts and start to use them only after some time. To mitigate this, the configuration will be updated next week so that – for the purpose of becoming autoconfirmed – the account age will be counted from their first edit, instead of registration date. The numeric value of the age threshold will remain the same. This change will be deployed only to wikis which require at least one edit as part of the autoconfirmation conditions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418484] * All Wikipedia users with new accounts and those who activated the "automatically enable most beta features" option in their preference can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists]] beta feature to save articles for later reading. This helps organize reading interests in one place for convenient access. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where infobox images have huge padding in Firefox, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423676] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As a reminder, the global API rate limits will be applied this week to identified API traffic. This is to help ensure [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]]. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, including the actual rate limits, see [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W18"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> २३:५१, २७ अप्रिल २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30458046 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] team invites experienced editors of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators|pilot Wikipedias]]—Arabic, Bangla, Japanese, Portuguese, Persian, Turkish, Simple English, Spanish, and French—to help translate and adapt [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance sample outlines]. These outlines will guide editors in creating clear, well-structured, and policy-compliant articles when using [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Special:NewArticle the feature] once it is launched in May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|Simple instructions]] on how to translate and adapt the outlines are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has published [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|draft recommendations]] on a model that affiliates can follow when contributing to the technical space. Community members are invited to provide feedback on the recommendation until May 8th [[:m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|on the talk page]]. * The number of available thumbnail size preferences in MediaWiki is being reduced to three standardized options—Small (180px), Regular (250px), and Large (400px), as part of ongoing efforts to improve performance and reduce strain on thumbnail services. As a result, existing preferences will be mapped to the nearest new size (for example, smaller selections like 120px or 150px will render at 180px, while larger ones like 300px or 360px will render at 400px). The preferences interface will soon be updated to reflect these changes, and users who wish to opt out or provide feedback can do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424909] * From now on, even when a permission expires automatically, users will receive an Echo notification similar to the standard notification for permission changes. There is a difference between this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]] in that the latter reminds users a week ''before'' the rights are due to expire, so that they can renew the rights. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the problem where the ULS language selector in [[m:Special:Translate|Special:Translate]] would scroll vertically when it shouldn't, has been resolved. Previously, when users opened the "Translate to English" dropdown and typed certain inputs, the dialog would scroll vertically by a few pixels even when there was enough space to display all results. The dropdown no longer shifts unnecessarily when filtering languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358864] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]], which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page, continues to improve. For example, watchlists for Wikibase sites such as [[:d:|Wikidata]] now support [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EntitySchema|EntitySchema]] elements for better tracking. The Live Updates mode now refreshes the special page every 60 seconds to comply with the updated [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] for improved real-time responsiveness. Additionally, a directionality bug that displayed links as "changes 3" instead of "3 changes" in mixed-direction lists has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415450][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424422][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418091] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The second phase of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] has been rolled out to reduce the [[diffblog:2026/03/26/quo-vadis-crawlers-progress-and-whats-next-on-safeguarding-our-infrastructure/|impact of AI crawlers]] and ensure fair, sustainable access to Wikimedia resources, prioritising human and mission-aligned traffic. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits#Limits|Limits]] have been shifted from per-hour to per-minute, producing smoother traffic patterns and more predictable API load. Community users are not expected to be affected, and no action is required. Early indications show some User-Agent-based requestors are adjusting behaviour, and around 64% of automated API traffic has been identified. Monitoring continues, and Wikimedia Enterprise remains available for commercial support. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.27|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W19"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:२८, ५ मे २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30498077 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Community Tech has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/How to write a good wish|new guidance]] explaining how wishes on Community Wishlist are triaged and prioritized. The documentation is intended to help contributors write stronger proposals by clarifying the factors that influence prioritization decisions. Beyond vote counts, the guidance highlights considerations such as potential impact on the community when determining which wishes move forward. '''Updates for editors''' * The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment to test a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Share_Card|Share Card feature]] that allows readers to create visually engaging cards from Wikipedia articles or selected article sections and share them online, with each card linking back to the original article to help expand readership and article discovery. The mobile-only A/B test will be available to a portion of readers on Arabic, Chinese, French, Vietnamese, and English Wikipedia to better understand reading and sharing habits, and is scheduled to begin the week of May 18 and run for four weeks. * The Android and iOS Wikipedia apps recently released the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|25-day reading challenge]] into Beta, as part of efforts to drive reader engagement by encouraging users to complete reading milestones. To track their reading streak during the challenge, App users can add a widget featuring Baby Globe to their home screen. The challenge officially begins May 11. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:17}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:17|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the global preference for enabling syntax highlighting in wikitext could unexpectedly disable itself after being turned on, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425286] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader module <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mediawiki.ui.input</nowiki></code></bdi>, deprecated since [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|September 2023]], will be removed this week. There is a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W20"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०१:०५, १२ मे २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30524429 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Abstract Wikipedia team has identified five potential pilot wikis to assess their interest in adopting abstract articles on their wikis. The pilots are Malayalam, Bengali, Dagbani, Arabic, and Indonesian Wikipedia. The feedback period will be open until May 22. If your community is interested in becoming a pilot, [[m:Talk:Abstract Wikipedia|let us know on Meta]]. '''Updates for editors''' * An experiment to show [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]] to logged-out readers on mobile web will launch on May 18 across German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu Wikipedias, and will run for one month. The effort supports broader goals of helping readers save and organize articles for later reading, while encouraging habits that could lead to future Wikipedia contributions. * To support a bookmark button in the Reading List beta feature, the "Tools > Action" menu has been updated to display icons, including the watch star indicator that helps editors identify temporarily watched articles. The icons now also match those used on mobile, improving consistency across platforms. The change is currently limited to the actions menu and mainly affects editors with privileged user rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T426008] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] was released as an [[w:en:A/B test|A/B test]] for newcomer editors on the mobile website at [[phab:T421189|~15 Wikipedias]]. The experiment will measure the impact that Suggestion Mode has on the proportion of newcomer mobile web edit sessions that result in constructive (un-reverted) article edits. The experiment will also evaluate the feature's impact on editor retention, and monitor changes in revert and block rates. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue in the Wikipedia Android app where images could sometimes fail to load after opening a recommended reading list notification, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418231] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/Backend Replacement|backend replacement recommendation]] and accompanying [[wikitech:Wikidata Query Service/WDQS Architecture re-design|technical architecture]] for the migration of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) away from Blazegraph. Feedback is invited until May 25th 2026, especially on potential gaps and impacts on advanced use cases. Wikidata community members and WDQS users are also encouraged to help identify high-impact tools and workflows that may need attention on [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/High-Impact Use Cases|this page]]. Feedback can be shared on the [[d:Wikidata talk:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update|Migration talk page]] or during the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours|next office hour]]. See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|WDP team newsletter]] for more details. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * On English, French, Japanese, and a few other Wikipedias, there was a [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|trial of hCaptcha]], a third-party bot detection service. The trial showed that hCaptcha effectively detects and deters some bad-faith automated activity, on its own and by giving [[w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 225#Introducing SuggestedInvestigations|checkusers and stewards]] signals to look into. Because the results were positive, hCaptcha will be rolled out across all wikis over the next few weeks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|See the hCaptcha project page]] for technical information about the implementation and privacy protections. [[diffblog:2026/05/04/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha-part-2/|Learn more]]. * The latest Community Tech update is now available, with progress across several Community Wishlist initiatives, including Reading Lists expansion from the mobile app to the website, new language support for "Who Wrote That" and the Personal Dashboard, improvements to 3D rendering and Charts, and upcoming work on talk page sorting, audio playback, and editing workflows. The update also shares current priorities, wishlist status trends, and opportunities for community feedback on future focus areas and the Wikimedia Foundation’s 2026–2027 Annual Plan. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 13, 2026: Latest updates from the Community Tech team|Read the full newsletter for details]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W21"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ०२:०७, १९ मे २०२६ (नेपाली समय) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30539262 --> n99c5ahf5b6i5eyd79f35xuy4rbh2ks 0 87704 1355913 1271747 2026-05-19T05:18:49Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* यो पनि हेर्नुहोस */ 1355913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox lake |name = मृत सागर |native_name = Dead sea |image = Dead Sea by David Shankbone.jpg |caption = मृत सागर |image_bathymetry = |caption_bathymetry = |coords = {{Coord|31|30|N|35|30|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}} |lake_type =[[Endorheic basin|Endorheic]]<br/>[[Hypersaline lake|Hypersaline]] |inflow = [[जोर्डन नदी]] |outflow = ''None'' |catchment = {{convert|41650|km2|abbr=on}} |basin_countries= [[इजरायल]]<br/>[[जोर्डन]]<br/>[[State of Palestine|Palestine]] |length = {{convert|50|km|abbr=on}}<ref name="JVL"/> (northern basin only) |width = {{convert|15|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="JVL">{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vie/Deadsea.html|title=Virtual Israel Experience: The Dead Sea|publisher=Jewish Virtual Library|accessdate=21 January 2013}}</ref> |area = {{convert|600|km2|abbr=on}} |depth = {{convert|199|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}<ref name=ilec/> |max-depth = {{convert|298|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} (elevation of deepest point, 728 m BSL [below sea level], minus current surface elevation) |volume = {{convert|114|km3|cumi|0|abbr=on}}<ref name=ilec/> |shore = {{convert|135|km|abbr=on}} |elevation = {{convert|-430|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="ISRAMAR">{{cite web|url=http://isramar.ocean.org.il/DeadSea/|title=Monitoring of the Dead Sea|publisher=Israel Marine Data Center (ISRAMAR)}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127041015/http://isramar.ocean.org.il/DeadSea/ |date=2010-11-27 }}</ref> |reference = <ref name=ilec>[http://www.eingedi.co.il/viewpage.asp?pagesCatID=13214&siteName=eingedi Dead Sea Data Summary 2015].''Water Authority of Israel''. [http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/MENAEXT/EXTREDSEADEADSEA/0,,contentMDK:21827416~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:5174617,00.html The World Bank - 'The Red Sea - Dead Sea Water Conveyance Study Program' - 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915013427/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/MENAEXT/EXTREDSEADEADSEA/0,,contentMDK:21827416~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:5174617,00.html |date=2013-09-15 }}.</ref><ref name="ISRAMAR"/> |location = [[इजरायल]]<br/>[[जोर्डन]]<br/>[[प्यालेस्टाइन राज्य|प्यालेस्टाइन]] }} [[जोर्डन]] र [[इजरायल]] बीचको अति नुनिलो ताललाई मृत सागर भन्निछ। यो सागरमा अन्य सागरको तुलनामा नुनको मात्रा धेरै रहेको छ। अन्य समुन्द्रको नुनको मात्रा २ देखि ६ प्रतिशतसम्म रहेको हन्छ भने यहाँ नुनको मात्रा २५ ℅ रहेको छ। यस बाहेक यसमा पोटाश, ब्रामिन, [[क्यालसियम क्लोराइड]] र म्याग्नेशियम क्लोराइड लवण तत्व पनि रहेको छ। यसले गर्दा यहाँ कुनै पनि प्राणी धेरै समय सम्म जिवित रहन सक्दैन्न। ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस== * [[अरल सागर]] * [[कश्यप सागर]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} ==बाह्य कडीहरू== [[श्रेणी:पवित्र तालहरू]] ociqwv299wmcvip3xu6smt6iyuivguw 0 93202 1355912 1350197 2026-05-19T05:18:46Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू */ 1355912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_lake |lake_name = कश्यप सागर |image_lake = Caspian Sea.png |caption_lake = कश्यप सागरको मानचित्र |image_bathymetry = |caption_bathymetry = |coords = {{coord|40|N|51|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}} |type = एण्डोरिक, नुनिलो, स्थायी, प्राकृतिक |inflow = [[भोल्गा|भोल्गा नदी]] |outflow = [[वाष्पीकरण]] |catchment = {{convert|3626000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}<ref name="vanderLeeden"/> |basin_countries = {{flagcountry|अजरबैजान}}<br /> {{flagcountry|ईरान}}<br /> {{flagcountry|कजाख्स्तान}}<br /> {{flagcountry|रूस}}<br /> {{flagcountry|तुर्कमेनिस्तान}} |length = |width = |area = {{convert|371000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} |depth = {{convert|184|m|abbr=on}} |max_depth = {{convert|1025|m|abbr=on}} |volume = {{convert|78200|km3|cumi|abbr=on}} |residence_time = २५० वर्ष |shore = |elevation = {{convert|-28|m|abbr=on}} |islands = |islands_category = कश्यप सागरको द्वीप |cities = [[बाकु|बाकु]] (अजरबैजान), [[राश्त]] (ईरान), [[अकतउ]] (कजाखस्तान), [[मखाचकला]] (रूस), [[तुर्कमेनिस्तान]] |reference =<ref name="vanderLeeden">वान डर लीडेन, ट्रएज, एवम् टड, एड्स, ''द वाटर विश्वकोष'' द्वितीय संस्करण. चेल्सिया, एम.आई: लुविस पब्लिशर्स, १९९०, पृष्ठ १९६</ref> }} '''कश्यप सागर''' ([[फारसी भाषा]]: {{Nastaliq|دریای مازندران}}, कश्यप सागर विश्वको सबैभन्दा ठूलो अन्तर्देशीय पानीको स्रोत हो। जसलाई विश्वको सबैभन्दा ठूलो तालको रूपमा वर्णन गरिएको छ र सामान्यतया पूर्ण समुद्रको रूपमा चिनिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-08-12 |title=Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea |language=en-US |newspaper=President Of Russia |url=http://en.kremlin.ru/supplement/5328 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312030539/http://en.kremlin.ru/supplement/5328 |archive-date=2022-03-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-08-16 |title=Is the Caspian a sea or a lake? |language=en-US |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2018/08/16/is-the-caspian-a-sea-or-a-lake |url-status=live |access-date=2022-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819221847/https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2018/08/16/is-the-caspian-a-sea-or-a-lake |archive-date=2018-08-19 |issn=0013-0613}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zimnitskaya |first1=Hanna |last2=von Geldern |first2=James |title=Is the Caspian Sea a Sea; and Why Does it Matter? |journal=Journal of Eurasian Studies |date=January 2011 |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=1–14 |doi=10.1016/j.euras.2010.10.009 |doi-access=free }}</ref> यो [[युरोप]] र [[एसिया]] दुवैमा अवस्थित छ। काकेशसको पूर्वमा, मध्य एसियाको फराकिलो मैदानको पश्चिममा, पूर्वी युरोपमा दक्षिणी रूसको उर्वर मैदानको दक्षिणमा र इरानी पठारका पर्वतीय क्षेत्रको उत्तरमा अवस्थित छ। यसले ३७१,००० वर्ग किलोमिटर (१,४३,००० वर्ग माइल) क्षेत्रफल ओगटेको छ (पूर्वतर्फ रहेको अत्यधिक नुनिलो गराबोगाजकोल लगूनलाई बाहेक), जुन [[जापान]]को क्षेत्रफल बराबर हो। यसको जलआयतन ७८,२०० घन किलोमिटर (१९,००० घन माइल) छ।<ref>{{Cite book |last=Leong |first=Goh Cheng |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XhJ4RAAACAAJ&q=certificate+physical+and+human+geography |title=Certificate Physics And Human Geography; Indian Edition |date=1995-10-27 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-562816-6 |pages=66 |language=en |access-date=2022-01-17 |archive-date=2022-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016144552/https://books.google.com/books?id=XhJ4RAAACAAJ&q=certificate+physical+and+human+geography |url-status=live }}</ref> यसको नुनिलोपन करिब १.२% (१२ ग्राम/लिटर) रहेको छ। जुन सामान्य समुद्री पानीको नुनिलोपनको करिब एक तिहाई मात्र हो। यसलाई उत्तरपूर्वमा [[काजाकिस्तान]], उत्तरपश्चिममा [[रूस]], दक्षिणपश्चिममा [[अजरबैजान]], दक्षिणमा [[इरान]] र दक्षिणपूर्वमा [[तुर्कमेनिस्तान]]ले घेरिएको छ। क्यास्पियन सागरको नाम प्राचीन इरानी '''कास्पी''' मानिसहरूबाट आएको हो। यो ताल उत्तरदेखि दक्षिणसम्म १,२०० किलोमिटर (७५० माइल) फैलिएको छ। जसको औसत चौडाइ ३२० किलोमिटर (२०० माइल) रहेको छ। यसको कुल क्षेत्रफल ३८६,४०० किलोमिटर (१४९,२०० वर्ग माइल) छ भने सतह समुद्र सतहभन्दा लगभग २७ मिटर (८९ फिट) तल रहेको छ। यसको मुख्य ताजा पानीको प्रवाह, युरोपको सबैभन्दा लामो नदी भोल्गा, उथले उत्तरी छेउमा प्रवेश गर्छ। दुई गहिरो बेसिनहरूले यसको मध्य र दक्षिणी क्षेत्रहरू बनाउँछन्। यसले तापक्रम, लवणता र पारिस्थितिकीमा तेर्सो भिन्नता निम्त्याउँछ। दक्षिणमा समुद्री सतह समुद्र सतहभन्दा १,०२३ मिटर (३,३५६ फिट) तल पुग्छ, जुन बैकाल र टांगानिका तालहरू पछि पृथ्वीमा तेस्रो-सबैभन्दा कम प्राकृतिक गैर-समुद्री अवसाद हो। यसका मध्य र दक्षिणी भागहरू दुई गहिरा बेसिनहरूले बनेका छन्। जसले तापक्रम, लवणता र पारिस्थितिकीमा तेर्सो भिन्नता उत्पन्न गर्छ। दक्षिणी बेसिनको गहिराइ समुद्र सतहभन्दा १,०२३ मिटर (३,३५६ फिट) तलसम्म पुग्छ, जसले यसलाई बैकाल ताल र टांगानिका तालपछि पृथ्वीको तेस्रो-सबैभन्दा कम प्राकृतिक गैर-समुद्री अवसाद बनाउँछ। ३७१,००० वर्ग किलोमिटर (१४३,००० वर्ग माइल) क्षेत्रफल भएको कश्यप सागर सुपेरियर ताल भन्दा करिब पाँच गुणा ठूलो रहेको छ। जसको क्षेत्रफल ८२,००० वर्ग किलोमिटर (३२,००० वर्ग माइल) रहेको छ।<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/physfacts.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101029215637/http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/physfacts.html |title=Great Lakes – Physical Facts |publisher=United States Environmental Protection Agency |archive-date=29 October 2010 |access-date=1 January 2023}}</ref> कश्यप सागर विभिन्न प्रजातिहरूको आवासस्थल हो र विशेष गरी क्याभियार तथा तेल उद्योगका लागि प्रसिद्ध छ। तेल उद्योगबाट उत्पन्न प्रदूषण तथा यसमा मिसिने नदीहरूमा बनाइएका बाँधहरूले यसको पारिस्थितिकीमा नकारात्मक प्रभाव पारेका छन्। विश्वव्यापी तापक्रम वृद्धिसँगै मरुभूमीकरणको प्रक्रियाका कारण २१औँ शताब्दीभित्र यसको गहिराइ ९–१८ मिटर (३०–६० फिट) ले घट्ने अनुमान गरिएको छ। जसले पारिस्थितिकीय विनाश (इकोसाइड) निम्त्याउन सक्ने खतरा रहेको छ।<ref name="Dumont1995">{{Cite journal |last=Dumont |first=Henri |date=October 1995 |title=Ecocide in the Caspian Sea |journal=Nature |volume=377 |issue=6551 |pages=673–674 |doi=10.1038/377673a0 |bibcode=1995Natur.377..673D }}</ref><ref name="TheConversation20201223">{{Cite web |last1=Wesselingh |first1=Frank |last2=Lattuada |first2=Matteo |date=2020-12-23 |title=The Caspian Sea is set to fall by 9 metres or more this century – an ecocide is imminent |url=http://theconversation.com/the-caspian-sea-is-set-to-fall-by-9-metres-or-more-this-century-an-ecocide-is-imminent-152229 |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref> ==व्युत्पत्ति== कश्यप सागरको नाम '''कास्पी''' शब्दबाट आएको हो। जुन प्राचीन मानिसहरू ट्रान्सकाकेशियामा समुद्रको दक्षिण पश्चिममा बसोबास गर्ने गर्थे।<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9110540 Caspian Sea] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107011626/https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9110540 |date=2008-01-07 }} in Encyclopædia Britannica.</ref> इरानमा यस ताललाई ''माजन्दरान सागर'' (फारसी: دریای مازندران) भनिन्छ। जुन यसको दक्षिणी किनारमा अवस्थित ऐतिहासिक माजन्दरान प्रान्तको नामबाट व्युत्पन्न भएको हो।<ref>{{cite book |last1=Zonn |first1=I.S. |last2=Kosarev |first2=A.N. |last3=Glantz |first3=M. |last4=Kostianoy |first4=A.G. |title=The Caspian Sea Encyclopedia |publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg |series=Encyclopedia of Seas |year=2010 |isbn=978-3-642-11524-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fvqYSoRvAI4C&pg=PA290 |access-date=July 20, 2022 |page=290 |archive-date=October 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018022516/https://books.google.com/books?id=fvqYSoRvAI4C&pg=PA290 |url-status=live }}</ref> पुराना रूसी स्रोतहरूमा यसलाई ''ख्वालिन वा ख्वालिस सागर'' (रूसी: Хвалынское море / Хвалисское море) भनिएको पाइन्छ। जसको नाम ख्वारज्मिया क्षेत्रसँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ।<ref>Max Vasmer, ''Etimologicheskii slovar' russkogo yazyka'', Vol. IV (Moscow: Progress, 1973), p. 229.</ref> प्राचीन शास्त्रीय कालमा ग्रीक र फारसी स्रोतहरूमा यसलाई ''हार्कानियन सागर'' का रूपमा उल्लेख गरिएको थियो।<ref>[[Pliny the Elder]], [[Natural History (Pliny)|Natural History]] 6.35 et alibi.</ref> == जलाधार (बेसिन) देशहरू == === सीमावर्ती देशहरू === ==== उत्तर ==== {{flag|कजाख्स्तान}} {{flag|रूस}} ==== पूर्व ==== {{flag|तुर्कमेनिस्तान}} ==== पश्चिम ==== {{flag|अजरबैजान}} ==== दक्षिण ==== {{flag|इरान}} === पूर्व सीमावर्ती देशहरू === ==== उत्तर ==== {{flag|सोभियत सङ्घ}} ==== दक्षिण ==== {{flag|इरान}}(पहलवी इरान) ==== पश्चिम ==== ओटोमन साम्राज्य 1736 ==भौतिक विशेषताहरू== ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== *[[अरल सागर]] * [[मृत सागर]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} ==बाह्य कडीहरू== {{Commonscat|Caspian Sea}} {{Wiktionary|Caspian Sea}} {{wikiquote}} {{Commons category}} * {{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Caspian Sea |volume=5 |last1=Kropotkin |first1=Peter Alexeivitch |author1-link=Peter Kropotkin |last2=Bealby |first2=John Thomas |pages=452&ndash;455 }} * [http://www.iranchamber.com/geography/articles/names_of_caspian_sea.php कश्यप सागरका नामहरू] * [http://www.parstimes.com/caspian/ कश्यप सागर क्षेत्र] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724171008/http://www.caspage.citg.tudelft.nl/project.html कश्यप समुद्री सतहमा परिवर्तनहरू बारे डेटिङ] [[श्रेणी:एसियाका तालहरू]] t2vp8zvp5fqt9zly0fv1758hsqlk4tf 0 93502 1355896 1353391 2026-05-18T17:49:25Z ~2026-29938-39 78695 1355896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = कुशवाहा (कोइरी)<br>kushwaha (Koiri) | image = [[File:Koiri caste couple of nepal.png|thumb|Koiri caste couple of nepal]] | caption = | popplace = {{flag|नेपाल}}, {{flag|भारत}}, {{flag|मौरिसस }}, {{flag|पाकिस्तान }}, {{flag|बर्मा }}, {{flag|बङ्गलादेश }} | pop = ३,५५,७०७ (नेपालको कुल जनसंख्याको १.२२%) २०२१ राष्ट्रिय जनगणना | languages = [[मैथिली भाषा|मैथिली]], [[नेपाली भाषा|नेपाली]] र [[भोजपुरी]] | religions = [[हिन्दू धर्म]] १००% (२०२१) | related = अन्य इन्डो-आर्यन जाति र [[मधेशी]] समुदायहरू<ref>{{cite web |title=नेपाली मधेशी समाज (Nepalko Madheshi Samaj) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340827126 |website=ResearchGate |access-date=30 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scribd.com/doc/93185530/Social-Composition-of-Nepal-Caste-Ethnicity-amp-Religion |title=Chapter 3. Social composition of the Population: Caste/Ethnicity and Religion in Nepal |author=Dr. Dilli Ram Dahal |publisher=[[Government of Nepal]], Central Bureau of Statistics |date=2002-12-30 |accessdate=2013-12-05}}</ref> }} '''कुशवाहा (कोइरी)''' [[तराई]] मा वसोवास गर्ने एक उच्च जाति हो । नेपालमा कुशवाहा समुदायको जनसंख्या करिब १.२२% जति रहेको छ। यसको संख्या करिब ३ लाख ५५ हजार भन्दा बढी छ। यो समुदाय मुख्य रूपमा [[मधेश प्रदेश]], [[कोशी प्रदेश]], [[लुम्बिनी प्रदेश]] का जिल्लाहरूमा बढी बसोबास गर्छन् र मधेशी समाजमा एक महत्वपूर्ण समुदाय मानिन्छ। <ref>Government of Nepal, National Statistics Office. ''National Population and Housing Census 2021: Caste/Ethnicity Report''. Kathmandu: NSO, 2023. https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/files/result-folder/Caste%20Ethnicity_report_NPHC_2021.pdf</ref> यिनीहरूको मुख्य पुरखौली पेशा कृषि अनि जमिन्दारी हो । तर अब तिनीहरू हरेक पेशा, व्यवसाय, शिक्षा, निजामती सेवा, सेना आदिमा छन्, तिनीहरू अन्य मधेशी जातिहरूको तुलनामा प्रभावशाली र सुव्यवस्थित शक्तिशाली जाति हुन्। यिनीहरू निकै परिश्रमी हुन्छन् । कुशवाहा समुदाय मधेशी उच्च जातिको [[वैश्य]] वर्ग मा पर्दछन्<ref>Government of Nepal; Central Bureau of Statistics; UNFPA. ''Population Monograph of Nepal, Volume II: Social Demography''. Kathmandu: CBS/UNFPA, 2014. https://nepal.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population%20Monograph%20V02.pdf</ref>, तर धेरैले आफूलाई [[क्षत्रिय]] दर्जा भएको दाबी पनि गर्छन् । यस समुदायमा परम्परागत रूपमा प्रचलित थर महतो रहेको पाइन्छ। नेपालमा कुशवाहा/कोइरी समुदायमा प्रयोग हुने थरहरूमा महतो, सिंह, कुशवाहा, मेहता, मौर्य, मुराव, भगत, सिन्हा तथा वर्मा आदि पर्दछन्। नेपालका केही कुशवाहा संगठनहरूले नेपालमा कुशवाहा(कोइरी) समुदायको जनसंख्या १० लाखभन्दा बढी रहेको दाबी गरेका छन्। यदि यो संख्या मानिने हो भने, यो नेपालका कुल जनसंख्याको करिब ३.४% बराबर हुन्छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Kushwaha community claims over 10 lakh population in Nepal |url=https://www.enewsbureau.com/news-details/9602/2021-01-20 |website=eNews Bureau |date=20 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=National Population and Housing Census 2021 |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/files/result-folder/Final_Population_compostion_12_2.pdf |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal}}</ref> == इतिहास == === उत्पत्ति === कुशवाहा समुदायको ऐतिहासिक र सांस्कृतिक सम्बन्ध भारतका [[बिहार]] र [[उत्तर प्रदेश]] का कुशवाहासँग गहिरो छ। सयौं वर्षअघिदेखि धेरैजसो कुशवाहा नेपालमा बसोबास गर्न आएका हुन् र आफ्नो समृद्ध कृषि परम्परा ल्याएका छन्। यो समुदाय आफ्नो वंशलाई सूर्यवंशी राजवंशसँग जोड्दछ र परम्परागत रूपमा [[क्षत्रिय]] वर्गसँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ। उनीहरूलाई पौराणिक राजा कुश, जो भगवान् रामका पुत्र थिए, का वंशज मानिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jha |first=Hari Bansh |title=The Terai Community and National Integration in Nepal |date=1993 |publisher=Centre for Economic and Technical Studies |isbn=978-81-7022-523-2}}</ref> ऐतिहासिक अभिलेखहरूले देखाउँछन् कि उनीहरूको मधेश क्षेत्रमा बसोबास आधुनिक नेपाल निर्माण हुनु अघि देखि नै रहेको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kushwaha Identity |url=https://kushwaha.in/kushwaha-our-identity/ |website=Kushwaha Community Portal|date=3 March 2011}}</ref><ref name="madeshi EthnicGroupsNepal">{{cite web |title=Ethnic Groups in Nepal |url=https://www.madhesiyouth.com/data/federal-states-in-nepal/ethnic-groups-in-nepal/ }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> नेपाल र विश्वभर कुशवाहा थर पनि व्यापक रूपमा प्रयोग हुन्छ।<ref name="KushwahaSurname">{{cite web |title=Kushwaha Surname Distribution |url=https://forebears.io/surnames/kushwaha}}</ref> कुशवाहा समुदायका केही प्रतिनिधि खेलकुद र अन्य क्षेत्रमा पनि परिचित छन्, जस्तै अजय कुशवाहा(Ajay Kushwaha)।<ref name="AjayKushwahaFIBA">{{cite web |title=Ajay Kushwaha - FIBA Profile |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/251732-ajay-kushwaha}}</ref> नेपालमा कुशवाहाहरूको प्राचीन इतिहास विभिन्न क्षेत्रका ऐतिहासिक अभिलेखबाट ट्रेस गर्न सकिन्छ। मधेश क्षेत्रमा कुशवाहाहरूको उपस्थिति आधुनिक नेपालको स्थापना हुनु अघि नै देखिन्छ, जसलाई [[मिथिला |मिथिला]] र वरिपरि क्षेत्रहरूमा उनीहरूको बसोबास र शासनको ऐतिहासिक सन्दर्भहरूले प्रमाणित गर्दछ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kushwaha Identity and History |url=https://kushwaha.in/kushwaha-our-identity/ |website=Kushwaha Community Portal |date=3 March 2011 |access-date=2025-03-11}}</ref> कुशवाहा समुदायले आफ्नो [[क्षत्रिय]] दर्जा प्राचीन शासन गर्ने [[वंश]]हरूसँगको ऐतिहासिक, सांस्कृतिक र परम्परागत सम्बन्धको आधारमा दाबी गरेको छ।<ref name="KushwahaHistory">{{cite web |title=History of Kushwaha |url=https://kushwaha.in/history-of-kushwaha/}}</ref> {{Infobox royalty | name = कुश | title = [[अयोध्या|अयोध्या]] का राजकुमार<br>कासुर का राजा | type = हिन्दू | image = Kusa, one of Rāma’s sons..jpg | image_size = 100px | caption = कुश, [[राम]] र [[सीता]]का जुडवाँ पुत्रमध्ये एक | father = [[राम]] | mother = [[सीता]] | dynasty = [[रघुवंश|रघुवंश]]-[[सूर्यवंश]] | issue = अतिथि | spouse = कुमुदवती (''आनन्द रामायण'' अनुसार चम्पिका भनिने) }} नेपालमा कुशवाहा समुदायले आफ्नो [[क्षत्रिय]] दर्जा प्राचीन शासन गर्ने वंशहरूसँगको ऐतिहासिक, सांस्कृतिक र परम्परागत सम्बन्धको आधारमा दाबी गरेको छ।<ref name="KushwahaHistory"/> भारत र नेपालमा कुशवाहा समुदायले आफूलाई [[राम]] र [[सीता]]का पुत्र कुशका वंशज मान्दछ, मुख्य रूपमा रामायणसँगको ऐतिहासिक र सांस्कृतिक सम्बन्धका कारण। हिन्दू परम्पराअनुसार, कुश आफ्नो जुडवाँ भाई [[लव]]सँगै पिता रामद्वारा निर्वासित गरिएपछि [[वाल्मीकि]]द्वारा हुर्काइएका थिए र पछि एक महत्वपूर्ण व्यक्तित्व बने। कुशवाहा समुदायले विश्वास गर्छ कि उनीहरूको नाम “कुश” बाट उत्पन्न भएको हो, जसले उनीहरूलाई [[अयोध्या]]को शाही वंशसँग प्रतीकात्मक रूपमा जोड्दछ।<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kumar |first1=Ashwani |title=Community Warriors: State, Peasants and Caste Armies in Bihar |date=2008 |publisher=Anthem Press |isbn=9781843317098 |page=36 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=num2I4NFGqIC}}</ref> यो दाबी प्रायः उनीहरूको ऐतिहासिक भूमिका युद्धकर्मी र कृषकको रूपमा रहेर पनि बलियो बनाइन्छ, जुन [[क्षत्रिय]] वर्ग, अर्थात् युद्धकर्मी वर्ग,सँग मेल खान्छ, जसमा कुश रहेको मानिन्छ। धेरै कुशवाहाहरूले आफूलाई [[मौर्य वंश]] र [[शाक्य]] वंश (गौतम बुद्धको वंशज)सँग पनि जोड्ने दाबी गर्छन्, जसले उनीहरूको क्षत्रिय वंशावलीको विश्वासलाई थप बलियो बनाउँछ। समयसँगै, समुदायले आफ्नो सांस्कृतिक पहिचान कायम राख्दै आएको छ, जुन मुख्य रूपमा कृषि र कुशको विरासतमा आधारित रहेको छ।सांस्कृतिक रूपमा, कुशवाहा समुदायले अझै पनि केही संस्कार, प्रथा र परम्पराहरू पालन गर्दै आएको छ, जसलाई उनीहरूले आफ्नो शाही विरासतसँग सम्बन्धित ठान्छन्। कुशसँगको यो सम्बन्ध उनीहरूको पहिचानको महत्वपूर्ण भाग हो र प्राचीन, कुलीन वंशावलीप्रति गर्वको अनुभूति प्रदान गर्छ। कुषावती कोसाल राज्य को एउटा नगर थियो, जसलाई महाकाव्य [[रामायण]]सँग सम्बन्धित गरिएको छ र कुश तथा कुशवाहा समुदायसँग जोडिएको मानिन्छ। पिता राम पछि कुश शासनमा आएका थिए र उनले क्रमशः लवपुरी (आजको लाहोर) र कुष (कासुर)का शहरहरू स्थापना गरेका थिए।[[File:Valmiki train Lava Kushas in Art of Archery.jpg|thumb|left|वाल्मीकि लव र कुशलाई धनुर्विद्यामा प्रशिक्षण दिँदै]] [[File:The Poet Valmiki, teaching Ramayana to Kusa and Lava.jpg|thumb|250px|ऋषि वाल्मीकि, लव र कुशलाई रामायण सिकाउँदै]] [[रामायण]] अनुसार, गर्भवती रानी [[सीता]]लाई राजा [[राम]]ले अयोध्याबाट बाहिर पठाउनुभयो। यसको उद्देश्य धर्मको सर्वोच्चता देखाउनु र आफ्नो राज्यका एक नागरिकले लगाएको आरोपलाई खारेज गर्नु थियो। त्यसपछि सीता वाल्मीकि आश्रम मा शरण लिए, जुन त्रिवेणी धाम नजिक अवस्थित थियो, जहाँ तमासा नदी, सोना र सप्तगण्डकी नदीहरू भेटिन्छन्। यो आश्रम हालको [[चितवन जिल्ला]] मा तमसा नदी को नजिक रहेको छ।<ref>{{cite book|title=Historic Rama of Valmiki|author=Vishvanath Limaye|publisher=Gyan Ganga Prakashan|year=1984}}</ref> त्यहाँ सीताले जुडवाँ पुत्रहरू, [[कुश]] र [[लव]] जन्माइन्। उनीहरू वाल्मीकि ऋषिद्वारा शिक्षा र सैनिक प्रशिक्षण प्राप्त गरे। साथै, उनीहरूले [[राम]]को कथा पनि सिके।'''कुश''' ({{langx|sa|कुश}}, {{IAST3|Kuśa}}) [[राम]] र [[सीता]]का पुत्र थिए।<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mani |first=Chandra Mauli |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0xludqcKE4IC&pg=PA77 |title=Memorable Characters from the Rāmāyaṇa and the Mahābhārata |date=2009 |publisher=Northern Book Centre |isbn=978-81-7211-257-8 |pages=77 |language=en}}</ref> उनको कथा हिन्दू महाकाव्य [[रामायण]]मा वर्णन गरिएको छ। हिन्दू परम्पराअनुसार, उनले [[कश्मीर]], [[सिन्धु नदी]] र हिन्दू कुश क्षेत्रहरू भारतको सीमा भूभागको रूपमा शासन गरेको मानिन्छ, जसलाई हिन्दू कुश क्षेत्र भनेर चिनिन्छ। कथा अनुसार उनले [[कश्मीर उपत्यका]]मा [[श्रीनगर]] नगर स्थापना गरे र कासुर नगर लवपुरीसँगै स्थापना गरेको पनि बताइन्छ।<ref>{{cite book | last = Nadiem | first = Ihsan N | title = Punjab | page = 111 | year = 2005 | publisher = Al-Faisal Nashran | isbn = 9789695034347 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pyFuAAAAMAAJ }}</ref> यद्यपि स्थानीय कथाहरूले जनाउँछन् कि कासुर १५२५ मा पश्तुन आप्रवासीहरूले स्थापना गरेका थिए।<ref>{{Citebook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EZifwYm8MT0C&q=kasur+arabic+punjab|title=Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab|last=Chopra|first=Gulshan Lall|date=1940|publisher=Government Printing|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xoJICgAAQBAJ&dq=kasur+arabic&pg=PT77|title=Beyond The Border: An Indian in Pakistan|last=Sikand|first=Yoginder|date=2011-07-19|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=9789352141326|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citebook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyFuAAAAMAAJ&q=kasur+pashtun|title=Punjab: land, history, people|last=Nadiem|first=Ihsan H.|date=2005|publisher=al-Faisal Nashran|isbn=9789695032831|language=en}}</ref> काशी–बनारस राज्य र [[मौर्य साम्राज्य]], जसले ईसा पूर्व ३२० देखि १८५ सम्म [[दक्षिण एशिया]]मा शासन गरेको थियो, का शासक वंशहरूले आफूलाई कुशका वंशज भएको दाबी गरेका छन्। कुशलाई [[रघुवंश]]का इक्ष्वाकु वंश तथा [[सूर्यवंश]]सँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ। कथा अनुसार, उनले आफ्नी पत्नी कुमुदवतीबाट दुई सन्तान प्राप्त गरेका थिए: अतिथि (पुत्र) र कनिकमालिका (पुत्री), जसको विवाह यादव वंशका राजा महाभोजसँग भएको बताइन्छ। === वंशहरूको सूची === कुशवाहा समुदाय ऐतिहासिक रूपमा विभिन्न शासन गर्ने तथा योद्धा वंशहरूसँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ, जसमध्ये केही प्रमुख वंशहरू यसप्रकार छन्: * '''[[मौर्य साम्राज्य|मौर्य वंश]]''': सम्राट [[चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य]]सँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite book |last=Thapar |first=Romila |title=Ashoka and the Decline of the Mauryas |date=1961 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> कुशवाहा समुदायले ऐतिहासिक तथा सांस्कृतिक परम्पराका आधारमा आफ्नो वंशावली [[मौर्य साम्राज्य]]सँग जोड्ने दाबी गर्छ। उनीहरूले आफूलाई [[सूर्यवंशी]] क्षत्रिय का वंशजको रूपमा पनि पहिचान गर्ने गर्दछन्, विशेष गरी मौर्य वंशका संस्थापक [[चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य]]सँग सम्बन्धित भएको बताइन्छ।<ref name="MauryaHistory">{{cite web |title=About Maurya |url=https://www.sksmcommunity.com/AboutMaurya.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Thapar |first1=Romila |title=Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryas |date=1998 |publisher=OUP India |isbn=9780195644456 |pages=334}}</ref> * '''[[शाक्य]]''': [[गौतम बुद्ध]]सँग सम्बन्धित प्राचीन वंश। कुशवाहा समुदायका केही समूहहरूले आफ्नो वंशावली [[शाक्य]] वंशसँग पनि जोड्ने दाबी गर्छन्। शाक्यहरू उत्तरी भारत र नेपाल क्षेत्रमा बसोबास गर्ने एक प्राचीन समुदाय थिए, जसलाई प्रायः [[क्षत्रिय]] वर्गसँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ। शाक्य गणराज्यको पतनपछि यसको केही सदस्यहरूले कृषि कार्यलाई निरन्तरता दिएका थिए।<ref name="ShakyaCaste">{{cite web |title=Shakya Caste |url=https://sites.google.com/view/shakya-caste}}</ref> * '''लिच्छवि''': प्राचीन नेपालका शिलालेखहरूमा विभिन्न समुदायहरूको प्रशासनिक भूमिकाको उल्लेख पाइन्छ। कोइरी जातिले लिच्छवीहरू आफ्नो जात को भएको दाबी गर्छन् किनभने तिनीहरू मूल रूपमा वैशाली बिहारका का हुन्। उनीहरूले नेपालमा शासन गरे। <ref>{{Cite book |last=Regmi |first=D.R. |title=Ancient Nepal |date=1969 |publisher=Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay}}</ref> * '''कछवाहा(कुशवाहा)''': कछवाहा/कुशवाहा वंश एक प्रमुख राजपूत वंश हो, जसले विशेष गरी [[राजस्थान]] र [[जयपुर]] क्षेत्रमा शासन गरेको इतिहास पाइन्छ।<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Rajendra |title=The Kachhwaha Dynasty: History and Heritage |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |pages=45–60}}</ref> *'''हरिकेल''' (वा हरकल): प्राचीन पूर्वी बंगालको एक शक्तिशाली र स्वतन्त्र राज्य थियो। यस राज्यको स्थापना र प्रारम्भिक शासन [[कोइरी]] (Koiri/Koeri) जातका '''महाराजाधिराज कान्तिदेव'''ले गरेका थिए।<ref name="Ray2014">{{cite book |last=Ray |first=Himanshu Prabha |title=Archaeology of Religion in South Asia |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Archaeology_of_Religion_in_South_Asia/QEkgEAAAQBAJ?hl=en |publisher=Routledge |year=2014 |isbn=978-0415325912 |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en}}</ref> हरिकेल राज्य करिब ५०० वर्षसम्म अस्तित्वमा रहेको थियो, जसमा वर्तमान बंगलादेशका सिलेट र चट्टग्राम विभागहरूका साथै भारतको त्रिपुरा र दक्षिण आसाम (कछार) का केही भागहरू समावेश थिए। [[File:The flag of the Harikela dynasty, which belonged to the Koiri caste.jpg|thumb|The flag of the Harikela dynasty which belonged to the Koiri caste.]] मध्यकालको प्रारम्भिक चरण (इस्वी संवत् ८ औँ शताब्दी) मा दरभंगा जिल्लाको मानपुर नजिकै कोइरी समुदायसँग सम्बन्धित एउटा महत्वपूर्ण शिलालेख फेला परेको छ। उक्त शिलालेखमा 'भूमिस्पर्श मुद्रा' मा रहेका गौतम बुद्धको मूर्ति दान गरिएको उल्लेख छ। मूर्तिको आसनमुनि '''"येन धर्मदत्त कोइरी"''' (Yena dhar-madatta Koiri) भन्ने वाक्यांश कुँदिएको छ, जसले त्यस समयमा कोइरी समुदायको धार्मिक र सामाजिक प्रतिष्ठालाई झल्काउँछ।<ref name="Ray2014" /> [[File:Silver coins of the Harikela dynasty, associated with the Koiri caste; the first coin features a bull (Nandi), and the second features a trident (Trishula).jpg|thumb|Silver coins of the Harikela dynasty associated with the Koiri caste; the first coin features a bull (Nandi) and the second features a trident (Trishula)]] [[File:Mata Prasad was owner of easte in Katehir who belonged to koiri caste.jpg|thumb|Mata Prasad was owner of easte in Katehir who belonged to koiri caste .]] [[File:Mata PrasRaja Bodh Ram who obtained Raja title from Asaf-ud-daula who was Koiri by caste.jpg|thumb|Raja Bodh Ram who obtained Raja title from Asaf-ud-daula who was Koiri by caste.]] == सामाजिक-आर्थिक अवस्था == [[File:Literacy rate of nepali koiri.png|thumb|Caste-wise literacy rate of Nepali Koiris]] नेपालमा कुशवाहा (कोइरी) समुदाय मुख्यतः कृषि सम्बन्धित पेशामा संलग्न भए पनि, उच्च साक्षरताको कारण उनीहरू सामाजिक र आर्थिक रूपमा अत्यन्त सशक्त बनेका छन्। विशेष गरी तराई क्षेत्रमा, कुशवाहा समुदायले शिक्षा, पेशागत दक्षता, र नेतृत्व क्षमतामा उल्लेखनीय प्रगति हासिल गरेको छ।पछिल्लो जनगणना अनुसार ८०% भन्दा बढी कुशवाहा साक्षर छन् जुन नेपालको औसत साक्षरता दरभन्दा बढी हो। नेपालको औसत साक्षरता दर ७७.४% छ। कोइरी समुदाय केवल कृषिमा सीमित नभई सरकारी सेवा, राजनीति, व्यवसाय, र अन्य पेशागत क्षेत्रमा पनि प्रभावशाली उपस्थित छ। उनीहरूको उच्च साक्षरता दर र सामुदायिक एकता उनीहरूलाई नीति निर्माण, प्रशासन, र स्थानीय नेतृत्वमा अग्रणी बनाउँछ। कुशवाहा एकताबद्ध र शक्तिशाली प्रमुख मधेशी जाति मध्ये एक हुन्।नेपालमा जमिन नभएको र गरिब कोइरी विरलै देख्नुहुनेछ, तिनीहरू नेपालमा आर्थिक, राजनीतिक रूपमा माथिल्लो जातका जमिनदार हुन्। समुदायका विभिन्न सामाजिक र सामुदायिक संस्थाहरूले शिक्षा सचेतना, सांस्कृतिक संरक्षण, सामाजिक विकास, र नेतृत्व क्षमताको विकासमा सक्रिय भूमिका खेलिरहेका छन्। यी पहलहरूले कुशवाहा समुदायलाई नेपाली समाजभित्र प्रभावशाली, सशक्त, र अग्रणी समुदायको रूपमा स्थापित गर्न सहयोग पुर्‍याएको छ।<ref name="NKKS">{{cite web |title=Nepal Kushwaha Kalyan Samaj |url=https://nkks.org.np/}}</ref> == तराई क्षेत्रमा जाति अनुसार कृषि जमिन स्वामित्व == [[File:Caste-wise Agricultural Landholding Data - Terai Region.jpg|thumb|Caste-wise Agricultural Landholding Data - Terai Region.]] नेपालको २०२१ को राष्ट्रिय जनगणनासँग सम्बन्धित तथ्यांकका आधारमा तयार गरिएको यस तालिकाले तराई क्षेत्रमा विभिन्न जाति समुदायहरूको औसत कृषि जमिन स्वामित्व तथा कुल कृषि जमिनमा उनीहरूको हिस्सा देखाउँछ। कुशवाहाको तराईमा अन्य कुनै पनि जातिको तुलनामा धेरै जग्गा छ, उनीहरू तराई क्षेत्रमा बहुमत जग्गाधनी हुन्। धेरै तल्लो जातका मानिसहरू पहिले कोइरीको जमिनमा मजदुरी गर्थे र कोही अझै पनि गर्छन्। यस अनुसार कुशवाहा (कोइरी) समुदाय मुख्यतः कृषिमा संलग्न रहेको देखिन्छ र औसत रूपमा करिब ६.२ बिगाहा जमिन स्वामित्व रहेको उल्लेख गरिएको छ, जुन तालिकामा समावेश गरिएको समुदायहरू मध्ये उच्चमध्ये एक हो। यस्तै यादव, भूमिहार र थारु समुदायहरू पनि कृषिमा प्रमुख रूपमा संलग्न देखिन्छन् र उनीहरूको पनि उल्लेखनीय कृषि जमिन स्वामित्व रहेको देखिन्छ। कृषि नेपालको अर्थतन्त्रको मेरुदण्ड हो र तराई नेपालको अन्न भण्डार हो। यस प्रकारको तथ्यांकले तराई क्षेत्रमा कृषि पेशामा संलग्न विभिन्न समुदायहरूको आर्थिक र सामाजिक संरचनालाई बुझ्न मद्दत पुर्‍याउँछ। कोइरी नेपालको एक बलियो कृषिप्रधान जाति हो। == संस्कृति == [[File:Holi festival celebration in Kathmandu 2025-070A3169.jpg|thumb|women's of kushwaha (koiri) community celebrating holi in nepal]] [[File:Chhath Puja Ritual from India.jpg|thumb|Nepali kushwaha (koiri) community celebrating chhath puja in Kathmandu]] कुशवाहा समुदाय मुख्यतः [[हिन्दू धर्म]] मान्ने समुदाय हो। यस समुदायले विशेषगरी [[शिव]], [[राम]] र [[विष्णु]] जस्ता देवताहरूको पूजा–आराधना गर्ने गर्छन्। कुशवाहा समुदायमा मनाइने प्रमुख पर्वहरूमा [[छठ पर्व]], [[दीपावली]] र [[होली]] पर्दछन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kushwaha Religious Practices |url=https://news.sainicaste.com/2024/03/who-is-kushwaha-caste-god.html |website=Saini Caste News}}</ref> == उपसमूह (कुलहरू) == ऐतिहासिक रूपमा [[कोइरी]] समुदायभित्र विभिन्न उपसमूहहरू(कुलहरू) रहेको उल्लेख पाइन्छ। ब्रिटिशकालीन जाति अध्ययनहरूमा कोइरी समुदायभित्र निम्न उपसमूहहरूको उल्लेख गरिएको छ:<ref>{{cite book |title=The Tribes and Castes of Bengal |last=Risley |first=H. H. |year=1891 |publisher=Government of Bengal}}</ref> * बरकी-दांगी (Barki-Dangi) * छोटकी-दांगी (Chhotki-Dangi) * जरुहार (Jaruhar) * कनौजिया (Kanaujia) * मगहिया (Magahiya) * तिरहुतिया (Tirhutia) * चिरमैट (Chirmait) * कुम्रह (Kumrh) * बनाफर (Banaphar) * गोइता (Goita) * धार (Dhar) * रेतिया (Reutia) * पौरिया (Pauria) * बराकर (Barakar) * पालमोहाँ (Palmohan) == वास्तुकला == [[File:Janaki temple janakpur.jpg|thumb|जानकी मन्दिर जनकपुर कोइरी शैलीको वास्तुकला ]] कोइरी (कुशवाहा) समुदायसँग सम्बन्धित वास्तुकलाको एक उदाहरण [[जानकी मन्दिर]] (जनकपुर) मा देख्न सकिन्छ, जसलाई प्रायः ‘‘कोइरी शैली’’को वास्तुकलाको महत्वपूर्ण नमुना मानिन्छ। यो कोइरी जातिले पनि निर्माण गरेको हुन सक्छ। कुशवाहा (कोइरी) वैदिक क्षत्रिय वा विगतका क्षत्रिय हुन् भन्ने कुरा प्रमाणित हुन्छ । <ref>{{cite web |title=Janaki Mandir |url=https://visitsnepal.com/product/janaki-mandir/}}</ref> [[File:Drone image of jankai temple ( jankapur nepal) in koiri style architecture.png|thumb|Drone image of janaki temple ( jankapur nepal) in koiri style architecture]] यस प्रकारको वास्तुकलामा हिन्दु, मुगल र क्षेत्रीय मिथिला कलाको मिश्रण देखिन्छ। जनकपुरस्थित जानकी मन्दिर तीन तलाको संरचना हो र यो मुख्यतः ढुंगा तथा सेतो संगमरमरबाट निर्माण गरिएको छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Janaki Mandir |url=https://visitsnepal.com/product/janaki-mandir/}}</ref> मन्दिरको संरचनामा गुम्बज, झ्यालहरूमा जालीदार नक्काशी, रंगीन सिसा, स्तम्भ तथा मिथिला चित्रकलाबाट सजावट गरिएको हुन्छ। मन्दिर परिसरमा करिब ६० वटा कोठाहरू रहेको उल्लेख पाइन्छ, जसले यस वास्तुकलालाई विशिष्ट र आकर्षक बनाउँछ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Janaki Mandir |url=https://visitsnepal.com/product/janaki-mandir/}}</ref> यस शैलीको वास्तुकलाले मधेश तथा मिथिला क्षेत्रको सांस्कृतिक प्रभाव र धार्मिक परम्परालाई प्रतिबिम्बित गरेको मानिन्छ। == सामाजिक स्थिति == नेपालका विभिन्न जाति तथा जातीय समूहहरूको ऐतिहासिक रूपमा सरकार, कृषि, व्यापार, निजामती सेवा, न्यायपालिका र सैनिक संस्थाहरूमा प्रतिनिधित्व फरक–फरक रहेको छ। नेपालको [[शाह वंश]]को शासनकाल (१७६८–२००८) मा पहाडी उच्च जाति जस्तै [[बाहुन]] र [[क्षेत्री]]हरूले निजामती सेवा, न्यायपालिका तथा सेनाको उच्च पदहरूमा उल्लेखनीय प्रभुत्व राखेका थिए। तराई क्षेत्रमा गरिएको केही अध्ययनहरू अनुसार (२०१५ भन्दा अगाडिका तथ्याङ्कहरू), केही मधेसी जाति समूहहरूको निजामती सेवामा प्रतिनिधित्व उनीहरूको जनसंख्या अनुपातभन्दा बढी देखिएको थियो। उदाहरणका लागि, कुशवाहा ([[कोइरी]]) समुदायको नेपाल सरकारको निजामती सेवामा प्रतिनिधित्व उनीहरूको राष्ट्रिय जनसंख्या हिस्साभन्दा करिब ३.२ गुणा बढी रहेको उल्लेख गरिएको छ, जसले उनीहरूलाई प्रतिनिधित्वको हिसाबले देशमा चौथो स्थानमा राख्दछ। यसैगरी [[राजपूत]] समुदायको प्रतिनिधित्व उनीहरूको जनसंख्या अनुपातभन्दा करिब ५.६ गुणा बढी रहेको पाइन्छ भने [[मैथिल ब्राह्मण]]हरूको प्रतिनिधित्व करिब ४.२ गुणा रहेको देखिन्छ।<ref name="Hatlebakk07">{{cite web |last=Hatlebakk |first=Magnus |year=2007 |title=Economic and social structures that may explain the recent conflicts in the Terai of Nepal |location=Kathmandu |publisher=Norwegian Embassy |url=http://www.norway.org.np/NR/rdonlyres/0993F5660B3548A98F819167B4FD596C/72944/http___wwwcmi.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724190445/http://www.norway.org.np/NR/rdonlyres/0993F5660B3548A98F819167B4FD596C/72944/http___wwwcmi.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-24 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724190445/http://www.norway.org.np/NR/rdonlyres/0993F5660B3548A98F819167B4FD596C/72944/http___wwwcmi.pdf |date=2011-07-24 }}</ref> [[यादव]] समुदाय नेपालका मधेसी समुदायभित्रका सबैभन्दा ठूलो जाति समूहहरूमध्ये एक हो। केही जिल्लाहरूमा उनीहरूको ठूलो जनसंख्याका कारण पछिल्ला दशकहरूमा राजनीतिक प्रतिनिधित्व पनि उल्लेखनीय रूपमा बढेको छ। यस समुदायका एक प्रमुख व्यक्तित्व [[रामबरन यादव]] हुन्, जो सन् २००८ जुलाई २३ देखि २०१५ अक्टोबर २९ सम्म नेपालका प्रथम राष्ट्रपति बनेका थिए।<ref name="OCHA1">{{cite journal|url=http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpDocuments)/B66F206172F49BE4C12572D50030C3F0/$file/OCHA+overview+no+12+April+07.pdf |title=Highlights |journal=OCHA Nepal Situation Overview |issue=12 |date=April 2007 |publisher=OCHA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091113112940/http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpDocuments)/B66F206172F49BE4C12572F49BE4C12572D50030C3F0/$file/OCHA+overview+no+12+April+07.pdf |archive-date=13 November 2009}}</ref> नेपालमा [[नेपाली भाषा]] राष्ट्रिय भाषा हो भने [[मैथिली भाषा]] दोस्रो धेरै बोलिने भाषामध्ये एक हो। हिन्दू समाजमा प्रचलित [[जाति व्यवस्था]]लाई सन् १९६१ मा लागू गरिएको ''नयाँ मुलुकी ऐन'' द्वारा कानुनी रूपमा निषेध गरिएको थियो।<ref name="OCHA2">{{cite journal|url=https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/2E89F2121C2C57A24925733F000F4F21-Full_report.pdf |title=Highlights |journal=OCHA Nepal Situation Overview |issue=16 |date=July–August 2007 |publisher=OCHA}}</ref><ref name="OCHA3">{{cite journal|url=http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpDocuments)/5CC0BE0C971587F2C1257496004A9B9E/$file/ocha+sitrep+12+july08.pdf |title=Highlights |journal=OCHA Nepal Situation Overview |issue=30 |date=June–July 2008 |publisher=OCHA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218090410/http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpDocuments)/5CC0BE0C971587F2C1257496004A9B9E/$file/ocha+sitrep+12+july08.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2010}}</ref><ref name="Him-ext">{{cite web |url=http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullNews.php?headline=Body+of+murder+victim+found+in+Gulmi&NewsID=266104 |title=Body of murder victim found in Gulmi |publisher=The Himalayan Times |first=Hari |last=Sharma |date=2010-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525142109/http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullNews.php?headline=Body+of+murder+victim+found+in+Gulmi&NewsID=266104 |archive-date=25 May 2012 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525142109/http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullNews.php?headline=Body+of+murder+victim+found+in+Gulmi&NewsID=266104 |date=2012-05-25 }}</ref> [[File:Average Height of Nepalese Men and Women in every Province.png|thumb|'''नेपालका विभिन्न प्रदेशहरूमा पुरुष तथा महिलाको औसत उचाइ''']] == जनसंख्या == नेपालको केन्द्रीय तथ्यांक विभागले कुशवाहा जातिलाई व्यापक मधेसी जाति समूह अन्तर्गतको एक उपसमूहका रूपमा वर्गीकृत गरेको छ। यो समुदाय मुख्यतः नेपालको [[तराई]] क्षेत्रमा बसोबास गर्दै आएको छ, जहाँ कृषिलाई मुख्य पेशाका रूपमा अपनाइन्छ। [[राष्ट्रिय तथ्यांक कार्यालय (नेपाल)|राष्ट्रिय तथ्यांक कार्यालय]] द्वारा प्रकाशित [[२०२१ नेपाल जनगणना]] अनुसार नेपालमा कुशवाहा समुदायको जनसंख्या ३५५,७०७ रहेको छ, जुन नेपालको कुल जनसंख्याको करिब १.२२% हो।<ref name="Census2021">{{Cite book |title=National Population and Housing Census 2021: Caste/Ethnicity Report |publisher=National Statistics Office, Nepal |year=2021}}</ref> प्रदेश अनुसार कुशवाहा जनसंख्याको वितरण निम्नानुसार रहेको छ:<ref name="Census2021"/> * [[मधेश प्रदेश]] – ४.५६% * [[लुम्बिनी प्रदेश]] – २% * [[कोशी प्रदेश]] – १% * [[बागमती प्रदेश]] – ०.५% * [[गण्डकी प्रदेश]] – ०.१% * [[कर्णाली प्रदेश]] – ०.१% * [[सुदूरपश्चिम प्रदेश]] – ०.७% राष्ट्रिय औसत (करिब १.३%) भन्दा बढी कुशवाहा जनसंख्या रहेका जिल्लाहरू निम्न छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=2011 Nepal Census, District Level Detail Report |url=https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |access-date=2025-06-20 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314170005/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |date=2023-03-14 }}</ref> * [[सर्लाही]] – ७.९% * [[रौतहट]] – ३.५% * [[बारा]] – ४.५% * [[पर्सा]] – ३.९% * [[धनुषा]] – ५.१% * [[सिराहा]] – ६.०% * [[सप्तरी]] – १.०% * [[महोत्तरी]] – ५.८% * [[सुनसरी]] – ४.१% * [[मोरङ]] – १.०% * [[कपिलवस्तु]] – ०.५% * [[रुपन्देही]] – १.०% * [[बाँके]] – ०.५% * [[बर्दिया]] – ०.२% * [[झापा]] – ०.१% * [[चितवन]] – <०.१% * [[नवलपरासी]] – <०.१% * [[काठमाडौं]] – ०.१% ==उल्लेखनीय व्यक्तित्वहरू== * '''रामचन्द्र सिंह कुशवाहा''' – नेपालका लोकतान्त्रिक आन्दोलनसँग सम्बन्धित एक स्वतन्त्रता सेनानी। उहाँ महोत्तरी जिल्लाको पडरिया निवासी हुनुहुन्थ्यो। लामो समयदेखि क्यान्सरबाट पीडित रहनु भएका उहाँको काठमाडौँस्थित वीर अस्पतालमा उपचारका क्रममा सन् २०२5 मा निधन भएको थियो।<ref>{{cite web |title=Freedom fighter Kushwaha no more |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/freedom-fighter-kushwaha-no-more.html |website=OnlineKhabar |date=16 July 2025}}</ref> * [[डॉ. उपेन्द्र महतो]] (नेपाली: डॉ. उपेन्द्र महतो), व्यवसायी, परोपकारी तथा गैर‑आवासीय नेपाली संघ (NRNA) का संस्थापक अध्यक्ष।<ref>{{cite web |title=Upendra Mahato: Nepali Business Tycoon & NRNA Founder |url=https://www.sourcenepal.com/upendra-mahato/}}</ref> * [[राजेन्द्र महतो]] (नेपाली: राजेन्द्र महतो; जन्म १९५८), नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, पूर्व उप–प्रधानमन्त्री तथा विभिन्न पार्टीका नेता।<ref>{{cite web |title=Rajendra Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajendra_Mahato}}</ref> * [[लक्ष्मी महतो कोइरी]] (नेपाली: लझ्मी महतो कोइरी; जन्म १९६४), नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, House of Representatives का सदस्य (२०८० सम्म) र CPN (UML) का प्रतिनिधि।<ref>{{cite web |title=Laxmi Mahato Koiri |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laxmi_Mahato_Koiri}}</ref> * उपेन्द्र महतो (राजनीतिज्ञ) – मधेश प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य, Sarlahi‑1 (A) बाट निर्वाचित प्रदेश विपक्षी नेता (२०१७ देखि)।<ref>{{cite web |title=Upendra Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upendra_Mahato}}</ref> * [[बिरेन्द्र प्रसाद महतो]] (नेपाली: बिरेन्द्र प्रसाद महतो; जन्म १९६९), नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, पूर्व वन तथा वातावरण मन्त्री र संघीय संसद सदस्य।<ref>{{cite web |title=Birendra Prasad Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birendra_Prasad_Mahato}}</ref> * [[संजय कुमार महतो]] (नेपाली: संजयकुमार महतो), नेपाली कांग्रेसका प्रदेश सभा सदस्य, मधेश प्रदेश १ (Dhanusha‑1A) बाट निर्वाचित।<ref>{{cite web |title=Sanjay Kumar Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanjay_Kumar_Mahato}}</ref> * [[सिताराम महतो]] (नेपाली: सिताराम महतो; जन्म १९५५), नेपाली कांग्रेस पार्टीका राजनीतिज्ञ र संघीय प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य, Sunsari‑2 बाट निर्वाचित।<ref>{{cite web |title=Sitaram Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitaram_Mahato}}</ref> * [[मुगा लाल महतो]] (नेपाली: मुगा लाल महतो), नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, Sunsari‑4 निर्वाचन क्षेत्रमा संविधान सभा सदस्य।<ref>{{cite web |title=Muga Lal Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muga_Lal_Mahato}}</ref> * रबिन महतो (Rabin Mahato) – रास्ट्रिया स्वतन्त्र पार्टीका उम्मेदवार; सर्लाही–२ क्षेत्रबाट प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्यमा विजयी।<ref>{{cite news |title=RSP’s Rabin Mahato defeats NCP’s Yadav in Sarlahi-2 by 33,989 votes |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/rsps-rabin-mahato-defeats-ncps-yadav-in-sarlahi-2-by-33989-votes-41-52.html}}</ref> * प्रमोद कुमार महतो (Pramod Kumar Mahato) – रास्ट्रिया स्वतन्त्र पार्टीका उम्मेदवार; महोत्तरी–१ क्षेत्रबाट प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्यमा विजयी।<ref>{{cite news |title=Pramod Kumar Mahato Wins Mahottari-1 Seat with 34,636 Votes |url=https://khojsamachar.com/pramod-kumar-mahato-wins-mahottari-1-election/}}</ref> * '''इर. बसन्त कुशवाहा''' – मधेश प्रदेशका एक नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ तथा इन्जिनियर। उहाँ २०२५ देखि मधेश प्रदेश सरकारमा खेलकुद तथा समाज कल्याण मन्त्रीको रूपमा कार्यरत हुनुहुन्छ र मधेश प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य पनि हुनुहुन्छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Er. Basant Kushwaha |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Er._Basant_Kushwaha}}</ref> * '''सरोज सिंह कुशवाहा''' – मधेश प्रदेशका प्रदेश सभा सदस्य तथा जनता समाजवादी पार्टी (नेपाल) का राजनीतिज्ञ। उहाँ महोत्तरी निर्वाचन क्षेत्रबाट निर्वाचित भएका हुन्।<ref>{{cite web |title=JSP-N lawmaker Saroj Singh Kushwaha suspended |url=https://kathmandupost.com/province-no-2/2025/10/17/jsp-n-lawmaker-saroj-singh-kushwaha-suspended}}</ref> * '''अजय कुमार कुशवाहा''' – बारा जिल्लाको कलैया उपमहानगरपालिका वडा नं. ११ का निर्वाचित वडा अध्यक्ष।<ref>{{cite web |title=Ajay Kumar Kushwaha |url=https://kalaiyamun.gov.np/en/content/ajay-kumar-kushwaha}}</ref> * '''राम प्रसाद मेहता''' – सुनसरी जिल्लाका नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ तथा कोशी प्रदेश सरकारका सामाजिक विकास मन्त्री। उहाँ नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी) (CPN-UML) सँग सम्बन्धित हुनुहुन्छ। उहाँले २०७९ को निर्वाचनमा सुनसरी २ (ख) बाट प्रदेश सभा सदस्य निर्वाचित भएका थिए र हाल कोशी प्रदेशमा मन्त्रीको रूपमा कार्यरत हुनुहुन्छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Over 47000 votes invalid in Sunsari |url=https://risingnepaldaily.com/news/19590 |website=Rising Nepal}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=“Effective Cooperation Needed for Drug Control,” Says Koshi Province Chief Minister |url=https://english.pardafas.com/effective-cooperation-needed-for-drug-control-says-koshi-province-chief-minister |website=Pardafas}}</ref> * '''राजन मेहता''' – सुनसरी जिल्लाको इनरुवा नगरपालिकाका मेयर तथा राजनीतिज्ञ। उहाँ नेपाली कांग्रेससँग सम्बन्धित हुनुहुन्छ र स्थानीय तह निर्वाचनमा निर्वाचित भएका हुन्। उहाँले जिल्ला समन्वय समिति, सुनसरीको प्रमुखको रूपमा पनि जिम्मेवारी सम्हाल्नु भएको छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=District Coordination Committee, Sunsari Chief Mr. Rajan Mehta hosted the coordination meeting |url=https://daosunsari.moha.gov.np/en/post/district-coordination-committee-sunsari-chief-mr-rajan-mehta-hosted-the |website=DAO Sunsari}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mayor Rajan Mehta Receiving Victory Certificate after Local Level Election |url=https://www.dreamstime.com/rajan-mehta-the-newly-elected-mayor-of-inaruwa-municipality-is-receiving-the-official-certificate-of-victory-from-the-election-image422987909 |website=Dreamstime}}</ref> *'''[[निशा मेहता]]''' सुनसरी जिल्लासँग सम्बन्धित राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी (रास्वपा) की नेतृ तथा प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य हुन्। उहाँ २०७९ सालको प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचनमा रास्वपाबाट मधेसी महिला क्लस्टर अन्तर्गत समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणालीमार्फत निर्वाचित हुनुभएको हो।<ref>{{cite web |title=प्रतिनिधि सभा समानुपातिक सदस्यहरूको सूची|url=https://election.gov.np}}</ref>उहाँ नेपाल सरकारको मन्त्रिपरिषद्मा स्वास्थ्य तथा जनसंख्या मन्त्री तथा खानेपानी मन्त्रीको रूपमा नियुक्त हुनुभएको छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=नयाँ मन्त्रिपरिषद् गठन |url=https://moha.gov.np}}</ref>मेहता स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्रसँग सम्बन्धित व्यक्ति हुन्। उहाँले नर्सिङ विषयमा स्नातकोत्तर (Master’s) उपाधि हासिल गर्नुभएको छ र यसअघि स्वास्थ्य सेवा तथा शिक्षण क्षेत्रमा कार्यरत रहनुभएको थियो।<ref>{{cite web |title=Nisha Mehta |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nisha_Mehta}}</ref> *'''जवाहरलाल कुशवाहा''' मधेश प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य हुन्, जो सर्लाही निर्वाचन क्षेत्र नम्बर ३ (क) बाट निर्वाचित भएका थिए। उनी स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा निर्वाचित भई पछि नेकपा (माओवादी केन्द्र) मा प्रवेश गरेका हुन्।<ref name="JawaharMaoist">{{cite news |title=स्वतन्त्र सांसद जवाहरलाल कुशवाहा माओवादी केन्द्रमा प्रवेश |url=https://www.ratopati.com/story/321456/jawaharlal-kushwaha |work=रातोपाटी |date=२०२३-०१-२२ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref><ref name="MadheshAssembly">{{cite web |title=प्रदेश सभा सदस्यहरूको विवरण |url=https://pams.gov.np/member |website=मधेश प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *'''रघुनाथ महतो कोइरी''' सुनसरी जिल्लाका एक स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनले विभिन्न तहका निर्वाचनमा स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा सहभागिता जनाउँदै स्थानीय राजनीतिमा सक्रिय भूमिका खेल्दै आएका छन्।<ref name="EC_Nepal_Result">{{cite web |title=प्रतिनिधि सभा तथा प्रदेश सभा निर्वाचन परिणाम |url=https://result.election.gov.np/ |publisher=निर्वाचन आयोग नेपाल |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123062409/https://result.election.gov.np/ |date=2022-11-23 }}</ref> *'''लक्ष्मण महतो कोइरी''' धनुषा जिल्लासँग सम्बन्धित राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनले मधेश प्रदेशको प्रदेश सभा तथा स्थानीय तहका निर्वाचनहरूमा स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा प्रतिस्पर्धा गरेका छन्।<ref name="ElectionRecord">{{cite news |title=धनुषामा स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारहरूको प्रभाव |url=https://ekantipur.com/news |work=कान्तिपुर पब्लिकेसन्स |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref> *'''रामनरेश महतो कोइरी''' धनुषा जिल्लाका स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनले मुख्यतया तराई-मधेस क्षेत्रमा कुशवाहा (कोइरी) समुदायको हकहित र प्रतिनिधित्वको सवालमा आवाज उठाउँदै आएका छन्।<ref name="CommunityLeader">{{cite web |title=मधेसको राजनीतिमा जातीय समीकरण र प्रतिनिधित्व |url=https://gorkhapatraonline.com/ |website=गोरखापत्र अनलाइन |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref> *'''राज किशोर महतो''' राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी (रास्वपा) का राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनी २०८२ को प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचनमा धनुषा निर्वाचन क्षेत्र नम्बर ४ बाट भारी मतका साथ निर्वाचित भएका हुन्। उनले नेपाली कांग्रेसका प्रभावशाली नेता महेन्द्र यादवलाई पराजित गर्दै युवा राजनीतिको लहरलाई स्थापित गरेका थिए।<ref name="Dhanusa4_2082">{{cite news |title=धनुषा ४ मा रास्वपाका राज किशोर महतो विजयी |url=https://election.ekantipur.com/pradesh-2/district-dhanusa/constituency-4 |work=कान्तिपुर पब्लिकेसन्स |date=२०२६-०३-११ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref> *'''वीरेन्द्र कुमार मेहता''' राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टीका केन्द्रीय सदस्य हुन्। उनी मधेस प्रदेशमा पार्टीको संगठन विस्तार र वैकल्पिक राजनीतिको प्रवर्द्धनमा सक्रिय भूमिका खेलिरहेका छन्। उनी २०८२ को निर्वाचनमा पार्टीको रणनीतिक योजना निर्माण र युवा परिचालनमा संलग्न रहेका थिए।<ref name="VirendraRSP">{{cite news |title=रास्वपा केन्द्रीय समितिमा नयाँ अनुहार |url=https://kfgo.com/2026/03/07/inside-the-nepal-campaign |work=The Mighty 790 KFGO |date=२०२६-०३-०७ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=en}}</ref> *'''फकिरा महतो''' मधेस प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य हुन्। उनी सर्लाही निर्वाचन क्षेत्र नम्बर ४ (ख) बाट निर्वाचित भएका थिए। उनी हाल मधेस प्रदेश सभामा नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (माओवादी केन्द्र) को प्रतिनिधित्व गर्दै विभिन्न संसदीय समितिहरूमा सक्रिय छन्।<ref name="FakeeraMadhesh">{{cite web |title=मधेस प्रदेश सभा सदस्यहरूको विवरण |url=https://pams.gov.np/member |website=मधेश प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *'''सञ्जय कुमार महतो''' धनुषा जिल्लाका राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनले २०८२ को प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचनमा धनुषा-४ बाट नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टीको तर्फबाट उम्मेदवारी दिएका थिए। उनी मधेसको स्थानीय राजनीति र सामुदायिक विकासका मुद्दाहरूमा सक्रिय रहँदै आएका छन्।<ref name="SanjayDhanusa">{{cite web |title=प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य निर्वाचन २०८२ - परिणाम |url=https://result.election.gov.np/ |publisher=निर्वाचन आयोग नेपाल |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123062409/https://result.election.gov.np/ |date=2022-11-23 }}</ref> *'''प्रमेश्वर महतो''' (सहिद) सिरहा जिल्लाको लाहानसँग सम्बन्धित एक मधेशी आन्दोलनकारी हुन्। उनले २०६३ सालको ऐतिहासिक मधेश आन्दोलनका क्रममा लाहानमा भएको प्रदर्शनमा सहादत प्राप्त गरेका थिए। उनलाई नेपाल सरकारले औपचारिक रूपमा सहिद घोषणा गरेको छ र उनको सम्मानमा लाहानका विभिन्न स्थानमा स्मारकहरू निर्माण गरिएका छन्।<ref name="Sahid_Lahan">{{cite news |title=मधेश आन्दोलनका सहिदहरूको सम्झना |url=https://gorkhapatraonline.com/news/72431 |work=गोरखापत्र अनलाइन |date=२०२२-०१-२२ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref><ref name="Madesh_Martyrs">{{cite web |title=सहिदहरूको सूची - मधेश प्रदेश सरकार |url=https://madesh.gov.np/martyrs-list |website=मधेश प्रदेश सरकार मुख्यमन्त्री तथा मन्त्रिपरिषद्को कार्यालय |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *'''बेचन मेहता''' (सहिद) सुनसरी जिल्लाको इनरुवासँग सम्बन्धित एक मधेशी आन्दोलनकारी हुन्। उनले २०६३ सालको मधेश आन्दोलनका क्रममा माघ महिनामा इनरुवामा भएको विरोध प्रदर्शनका क्रममा सहादत प्राप्त गरेका थिए। नेपाल सरकारले उनलाई औपचारिक रूपमा सहिद घोषणा गरेको छ। इनरुवा नगरपालिका भित्र उनको सम्मानमा 'सहिद बेचन मेहता चोक' र उनको पूर्ण कदको सालिक निर्माण गरिएको छ।<ref name="BechanSahid">{{cite news |title=मधेश आन्दोलनका सहिद बेचन मेहताको स्मरण |url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2019/01/735624 |work=अनलाइनखबर |date=२०१९-०१-२१ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref><ref name="SunsariMartyr">{{cite web |title=सुनसरीका सहिदहरूको विवरण |url=https://madesh.gov.np/ |website=मधेश प्रदेश सरकार |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *'''अनिता देवी''' जनमत पार्टीकी एक प्रभावशाली नेतृ हुन्। उनी नेपाल सरकारको संघीय मामिला तथा सामान्य प्रशासन मन्त्रीको रूपमा कार्य गरिसकेकी छिन्। उनी कुशवाहा समुदायबाट राष्ट्रिय राजनीतिमा उच्च तहमा पुग्ने थोरै महिला नेतृहरूमध्ये एक हुन्।<ref name="AnitaDevi">{{cite news |title=अनिता देवी सामान्य प्रशासन मन्त्री नियुक्त |url=https://www.nepallive.com/story/301245 |work=नेपाल लाइभ |date=२०२३-०८-१४ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१७ |language=ne}}</ref> === खेलकुद === * [[पुजा महतो]] (नेपाली: पुजा महतो; जन्म १७ फेब्रुअरी २००६), नेपाली महिला क्रिकेट टोलीकी अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय खेलाडी।<ref name="ESPNCricinfo"/> * [[किशोर महतो]] (नेपाली: किशोर महतो), नेपाली पुरुष क्रिकेट खेलाडी।<ref>{{cite web |title=Kishore Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kishore_Mahato |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> * [[संगम महतो]] (नेपाली: संगम महतो), नेपाली महिला भलिबल टोलीकी खेलाडी।<ref>{{cite web |title=Sangam Mahato Profile |url=https://www.hamrokhelkud.net/players/sangam-mahato/ |website=HamroKhelkud }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * [[भरत सिंह महता]] (नेपाली: भरत सिंह महता; जन्म १२ अगस्ट १९९७), नेपाली पारा‑टाइक्वान्डो प्रतिस्पर्धी; पेरालम्पिक्समा प्रतिस्पर्धा।<ref>{{cite web |title=Bharat Singh Mahata |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharat_Singh_Mahata |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> * कुशल सिंह मेहता (Kushal Singh Mehta), क्रिकेट खेलाडी (क्रिकहिरोज प्रोफाइल अनुसार)।<ref>{{cite web |title=Kushal‑singh‑mehta Cricket Stats |url=https://cricheroes.com/player-profile/8161779/kushal-singh-mehta/stats}}</ref> *'''सर्वज्ञ सिंह कुशवाहा''' विश्वकै सबैभन्दा कम उमेरका 'फिडे रेटेड' (FIDE rated) चेस खेलाडी हुन्। उनले मात्र ३ वर्ष ७ महिनाको उमेरमा १५७२ रेटिङ प्राप्त गरेर गिनिज बुक अफ वर्ल्ड रेकर्ड्समा आफ्नो नाम दर्ता गराउने प्रयास गरिरहेका छन्।<ref name="Sarwagya_Chess">{{cite news |title=Sarwagya Singh Kushwaha becomes youngest FIDE-rated chess player |url=https://khelnow.com/chess/sarwagya-singh-kushwaha-youngest-fide-rated-202512 |work=Khel Now |date=२०२५-१२-०३ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=en}}</ref> ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== [[श्रेणी:नेपालका जातिहरू]] * [[क्षत्रिय ]] * [[मौर्य साम्राज्य ]] * [[मधेश प्रदेश ]] * [[तराई]] * [[निशा मेहता]] fx85ohz8qnpqxhj8jq88t7uswh64fie 1355959 1355896 2026-05-19T08:59:22Z ~2026-30059-81 78709 /* */ 1355959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = कुशवाहा (कोइरी)<br>kushwaha (Koiri) | image = [[File:Koiri caste couple of nepal.png|thumb|Koiri caste couple of nepal]] | caption = | popplace = {{flag|नेपाल}}, {{flag|भारत}}, {{flag|मौरिसस }}, {{flag|पाकिस्तान }}, {{flag|बर्मा }}, {{flag|बङ्गलादेश }} | pop = ३,५५,७०७ (नेपालको कुल जनसंख्याको १.२२%) २०२१ राष्ट्रिय जनगणना | languages = [[मैथिली भाषा|मैथिली]], [[नेपाली भाषा|नेपाली]] र [[भोजपुरी]] | religions = [[हिन्दू धर्म]] १००% (२०२१) | related = अन्य इन्डो-आर्यन जाति र [[मधेशी]] समुदायहरू<ref>{{cite web |title=नेपाली मधेशी समाज (Nepalko Madheshi Samaj) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340827126 |website=ResearchGate |access-date=30 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scribd.com/doc/93185530/Social-Composition-of-Nepal-Caste-Ethnicity-amp-Religion |title=Chapter 3. Social composition of the Population: Caste/Ethnicity and Religion in Nepal |author=Dr. Dilli Ram Dahal |publisher=[[Government of Nepal]], Central Bureau of Statistics |date=2002-12-30 |accessdate=2013-12-05}}</ref> }} '''कुशवाहा (कोइरी)''' [[तराई]] मा वसोवास गर्ने एक उच्च जाति हो । नेपालमा कुशवाहा समुदायको जनसंख्या करिब १.२२% जति रहेको छ। यसको संख्या करिब ३ लाख ५५ हजार भन्दा बढी छ। यो समुदाय मुख्य रूपमा [[मधेश प्रदेश]], [[कोशी प्रदेश]], [[लुम्बिनी प्रदेश]] का जिल्लाहरूमा बढी बसोबास गर्छन् र मधेशी समाजमा एक महत्वपूर्ण समुदाय मानिन्छ। <ref>Government of Nepal, National Statistics Office. ''National Population and Housing Census 2021: Caste/Ethnicity Report''. Kathmandu: NSO, 2023. https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/files/result-folder/Caste%20Ethnicity_report_NPHC_2021.pdf</ref> यिनीहरूको मुख्य पुरखौली पेशा कृषि अनि जमिन्दारी हो । तर अब तिनीहरू हरेक पेशा, व्यवसाय, शिक्षा, निजामती सेवा, सेना आदिमा छन्, तिनीहरू अन्य मधेशी जातिहरूको तुलनामा प्रभावशाली र सुव्यवस्थित शक्तिशाली जाति हुन्। यिनीहरू निकै परिश्रमी हुन्छन् । कुशवाहा समुदाय मधेशी उच्च जातिको [[वैश्य]] वर्ग मा पर्दछन्<ref>Government of Nepal; Central Bureau of Statistics; UNFPA. ''Population Monograph of Nepal, Volume II: Social Demography''. Kathmandu: CBS/UNFPA, 2014. https://nepal.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population%20Monograph%20V02.pdf</ref>, तर धेरैले आफूलाई [[क्षत्रिय]] दर्जा भएको दाबी पनि गर्छन्। यिनीहरूका पूर्वज शाकाहारी भएतापनि हाल यसमा परिवर्तन हुँदै आएको छ। यस समुदायमा परम्परागत रूपमा प्रचलित थर महतो रहेको पाइन्छ। नेपालमा कुशवाहा/कोइरी समुदायमा प्रयोग हुने थरहरूमा महतो, सिंह, कुशवाहा, मेहता, मौर्य, मुराव, भगत, सिन्हा तथा वर्मा आदि पर्दछन्। नेपालका केही कुशवाहा संगठनहरूले नेपालमा कुशवाहा(कोइरी) समुदायको जनसंख्या १० लाखभन्दा बढी रहेको दाबी गरेका छन्। यदि यो संख्या मानिने हो भने, यो नेपालका कुल जनसंख्याको करिब ३.४% बराबर हुन्छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Kushwaha community claims over 10 lakh population in Nepal |url=https://www.enewsbureau.com/news-details/9602/2021-01-20 |website=eNews Bureau |date=20 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=National Population and Housing Census 2021 |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/files/result-folder/Final_Population_compostion_12_2.pdf |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal}}</ref> == इतिहास == === उत्पत्ति === कुशवाहा समुदायको ऐतिहासिक र सांस्कृतिक सम्बन्ध भारतका [[बिहार]] र [[उत्तर प्रदेश]] का कुशवाहासँग गहिरो छ। सयौं वर्षअघिदेखि धेरैजसो कुशवाहा नेपालमा बसोबास गर्न आएका हुन् र आफ्नो समृद्ध कृषि परम्परा ल्याएका छन्। यो समुदाय आफ्नो वंशलाई सूर्यवंशी राजवंशसँग जोड्दछ र परम्परागत रूपमा [[क्षत्रिय]] वर्गसँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ। उनीहरूलाई पौराणिक राजा कुश, जो भगवान् रामका पुत्र थिए, का वंशज मानिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jha |first=Hari Bansh |title=The Terai Community and National Integration in Nepal |date=1993 |publisher=Centre for Economic and Technical Studies |isbn=978-81-7022-523-2}}</ref> ऐतिहासिक अभिलेखहरूले देखाउँछन् कि उनीहरूको मधेश क्षेत्रमा बसोबास आधुनिक नेपाल निर्माण हुनु अघि देखि नै रहेको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kushwaha Identity |url=https://kushwaha.in/kushwaha-our-identity/ |website=Kushwaha Community Portal|date=3 March 2011}}</ref><ref name="madeshi EthnicGroupsNepal">{{cite web |title=Ethnic Groups in Nepal |url=https://www.madhesiyouth.com/data/federal-states-in-nepal/ethnic-groups-in-nepal/ }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> नेपाल र विश्वभर कुशवाहा थर पनि व्यापक रूपमा प्रयोग हुन्छ।<ref name="KushwahaSurname">{{cite web |title=Kushwaha Surname Distribution |url=https://forebears.io/surnames/kushwaha}}</ref> कुशवाहा समुदायका केही प्रतिनिधि खेलकुद र अन्य क्षेत्रमा पनि परिचित छन्, जस्तै अजय कुशवाहा(Ajay Kushwaha)।<ref name="AjayKushwahaFIBA">{{cite web |title=Ajay Kushwaha - FIBA Profile |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/251732-ajay-kushwaha}}</ref> नेपालमा कुशवाहाहरूको प्राचीन इतिहास विभिन्न क्षेत्रका ऐतिहासिक अभिलेखबाट ट्रेस गर्न सकिन्छ। मधेश क्षेत्रमा कुशवाहाहरूको उपस्थिति आधुनिक नेपालको स्थापना हुनु अघि नै देखिन्छ, जसलाई [[मिथिला |मिथिला]] र वरिपरि क्षेत्रहरूमा उनीहरूको बसोबास र शासनको ऐतिहासिक सन्दर्भहरूले प्रमाणित गर्दछ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kushwaha Identity and History |url=https://kushwaha.in/kushwaha-our-identity/ |website=Kushwaha Community Portal |date=3 March 2011 |access-date=2025-03-11}}</ref> कुशवाहा समुदायले आफ्नो [[क्षत्रिय]] दर्जा प्राचीन शासन गर्ने [[वंश]]हरूसँगको ऐतिहासिक, सांस्कृतिक र परम्परागत सम्बन्धको आधारमा दाबी गरेको छ।<ref name="KushwahaHistory">{{cite web |title=History of Kushwaha |url=https://kushwaha.in/history-of-kushwaha/}}</ref> {{Infobox royalty | name = कुश | title = [[अयोध्या|अयोध्या]] का राजकुमार<br>कासुर का राजा | type = हिन्दू | image = Kusa, one of Rāma’s sons..jpg | image_size = 100px | caption = कुश, [[राम]] र [[सीता]]का जुडवाँ पुत्रमध्ये एक | father = [[राम]] | mother = [[सीता]] | dynasty = [[रघुवंश|रघुवंश]]-[[सूर्यवंश]] | issue = अतिथि | spouse = कुमुदवती (''आनन्द रामायण'' अनुसार चम्पिका भनिने) }} नेपालमा कुशवाहा समुदायले आफ्नो [[क्षत्रिय]] दर्जा प्राचीन शासन गर्ने वंशहरूसँगको ऐतिहासिक, सांस्कृतिक र परम्परागत सम्बन्धको आधारमा दाबी गरेको छ।<ref name="KushwahaHistory"/> भारत र नेपालमा कुशवाहा समुदायले आफूलाई [[राम]] र [[सीता]]का पुत्र कुशका वंशज मान्दछ, मुख्य रूपमा रामायणसँगको ऐतिहासिक र सांस्कृतिक सम्बन्धका कारण। हिन्दू परम्पराअनुसार, कुश आफ्नो जुडवाँ भाई [[लव]]सँगै पिता रामद्वारा निर्वासित गरिएपछि [[वाल्मीकि]]द्वारा हुर्काइएका थिए र पछि एक महत्वपूर्ण व्यक्तित्व बने। कुशवाहा समुदायले विश्वास गर्छ कि उनीहरूको नाम “कुश” बाट उत्पन्न भएको हो, जसले उनीहरूलाई [[अयोध्या]]को शाही वंशसँग प्रतीकात्मक रूपमा जोड्दछ।<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kumar |first1=Ashwani |title=Community Warriors: State, Peasants and Caste Armies in Bihar |date=2008 |publisher=Anthem Press |isbn=9781843317098 |page=36 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=num2I4NFGqIC}}</ref> यो दाबी प्रायः उनीहरूको ऐतिहासिक भूमिका युद्धकर्मी र कृषकको रूपमा रहेर पनि बलियो बनाइन्छ, जुन [[क्षत्रिय]] वर्ग, अर्थात् युद्धकर्मी वर्ग,सँग मेल खान्छ, जसमा कुश रहेको मानिन्छ। धेरै कुशवाहाहरूले आफूलाई [[मौर्य वंश]] र [[शाक्य]] वंश (गौतम बुद्धको वंशज)सँग पनि जोड्ने दाबी गर्छन्, जसले उनीहरूको क्षत्रिय वंशावलीको विश्वासलाई थप बलियो बनाउँछ। समयसँगै, समुदायले आफ्नो सांस्कृतिक पहिचान कायम राख्दै आएको छ, जुन मुख्य रूपमा कृषि र कुशको विरासतमा आधारित रहेको छ।सांस्कृतिक रूपमा, कुशवाहा समुदायले अझै पनि केही संस्कार, प्रथा र परम्पराहरू पालन गर्दै आएको छ, जसलाई उनीहरूले आफ्नो शाही विरासतसँग सम्बन्धित ठान्छन्। कुशसँगको यो सम्बन्ध उनीहरूको पहिचानको महत्वपूर्ण भाग हो र प्राचीन, कुलीन वंशावलीप्रति गर्वको अनुभूति प्रदान गर्छ। कुषावती कोसाल राज्य को एउटा नगर थियो, जसलाई महाकाव्य [[रामायण]]सँग सम्बन्धित गरिएको छ र कुश तथा कुशवाहा समुदायसँग जोडिएको मानिन्छ। पिता राम पछि कुश शासनमा आएका थिए र उनले क्रमशः लवपुरी (आजको लाहोर) र कुष (कासुर)का शहरहरू स्थापना गरेका थिए।[[File:Valmiki train Lava Kushas in Art of Archery.jpg|thumb|left|वाल्मीकि लव र कुशलाई धनुर्विद्यामा प्रशिक्षण दिँदै]] [[File:The Poet Valmiki, teaching Ramayana to Kusa and Lava.jpg|thumb|250px|ऋषि वाल्मीकि, लव र कुशलाई रामायण सिकाउँदै]] [[रामायण]] अनुसार, गर्भवती रानी [[सीता]]लाई राजा [[राम]]ले अयोध्याबाट बाहिर पठाउनुभयो। यसको उद्देश्य धर्मको सर्वोच्चता देखाउनु र आफ्नो राज्यका एक नागरिकले लगाएको आरोपलाई खारेज गर्नु थियो। त्यसपछि सीता वाल्मीकि आश्रम मा शरण लिए, जुन त्रिवेणी धाम नजिक अवस्थित थियो, जहाँ तमासा नदी, सोना र सप्तगण्डकी नदीहरू भेटिन्छन्। यो आश्रम हालको [[चितवन जिल्ला]] मा तमसा नदी को नजिक रहेको छ।<ref>{{cite book|title=Historic Rama of Valmiki|author=Vishvanath Limaye|publisher=Gyan Ganga Prakashan|year=1984}}</ref> त्यहाँ सीताले जुडवाँ पुत्रहरू, [[कुश]] र [[लव]] जन्माइन्। उनीहरू वाल्मीकि ऋषिद्वारा शिक्षा र सैनिक प्रशिक्षण प्राप्त गरे। साथै, उनीहरूले [[राम]]को कथा पनि सिके।'''कुश''' ({{langx|sa|कुश}}, {{IAST3|Kuśa}}) [[राम]] र [[सीता]]का पुत्र थिए।<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mani |first=Chandra Mauli |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0xludqcKE4IC&pg=PA77 |title=Memorable Characters from the Rāmāyaṇa and the Mahābhārata |date=2009 |publisher=Northern Book Centre |isbn=978-81-7211-257-8 |pages=77 |language=en}}</ref> उनको कथा हिन्दू महाकाव्य [[रामायण]]मा वर्णन गरिएको छ। हिन्दू परम्पराअनुसार, उनले [[कश्मीर]], [[सिन्धु नदी]] र हिन्दू कुश क्षेत्रहरू भारतको सीमा भूभागको रूपमा शासन गरेको मानिन्छ, जसलाई हिन्दू कुश क्षेत्र भनेर चिनिन्छ। कथा अनुसार उनले [[कश्मीर उपत्यका]]मा [[श्रीनगर]] नगर स्थापना गरे र कासुर नगर लवपुरीसँगै स्थापना गरेको पनि बताइन्छ।<ref>{{cite book | last = Nadiem | first = Ihsan N | title = Punjab | page = 111 | year = 2005 | publisher = Al-Faisal Nashran | isbn = 9789695034347 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pyFuAAAAMAAJ }}</ref> यद्यपि स्थानीय कथाहरूले जनाउँछन् कि कासुर १५२५ मा पश्तुन आप्रवासीहरूले स्थापना गरेका थिए।<ref>{{Citebook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EZifwYm8MT0C&q=kasur+arabic+punjab|title=Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab|last=Chopra|first=Gulshan Lall|date=1940|publisher=Government Printing|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xoJICgAAQBAJ&dq=kasur+arabic&pg=PT77|title=Beyond The Border: An Indian in Pakistan|last=Sikand|first=Yoginder|date=2011-07-19|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=9789352141326|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citebook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyFuAAAAMAAJ&q=kasur+pashtun|title=Punjab: land, history, people|last=Nadiem|first=Ihsan H.|date=2005|publisher=al-Faisal Nashran|isbn=9789695032831|language=en}}</ref> काशी–बनारस राज्य र [[मौर्य साम्राज्य]], जसले ईसा पूर्व ३२० देखि १८५ सम्म [[दक्षिण एशिया]]मा शासन गरेको थियो, का शासक वंशहरूले आफूलाई कुशका वंशज भएको दाबी गरेका छन्। कुशलाई [[रघुवंश]]का इक्ष्वाकु वंश तथा [[सूर्यवंश]]सँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ। कथा अनुसार, उनले आफ्नी पत्नी कुमुदवतीबाट दुई सन्तान प्राप्त गरेका थिए: अतिथि (पुत्र) र कनिकमालिका (पुत्री), जसको विवाह यादव वंशका राजा महाभोजसँग भएको बताइन्छ। === वंशहरूको सूची === कुशवाहा समुदाय ऐतिहासिक रूपमा विभिन्न शासन गर्ने तथा योद्धा वंशहरूसँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ, जसमध्ये केही प्रमुख वंशहरू यसप्रकार छन्: * '''[[मौर्य साम्राज्य|मौर्य वंश]]''': सम्राट [[चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य]]सँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite book |last=Thapar |first=Romila |title=Ashoka and the Decline of the Mauryas |date=1961 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> कुशवाहा समुदायले ऐतिहासिक तथा सांस्कृतिक परम्पराका आधारमा आफ्नो वंशावली [[मौर्य साम्राज्य]]सँग जोड्ने दाबी गर्छ। उनीहरूले आफूलाई [[सूर्यवंशी]] क्षत्रिय का वंशजको रूपमा पनि पहिचान गर्ने गर्दछन्, विशेष गरी मौर्य वंशका संस्थापक [[चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य]]सँग सम्बन्धित भएको बताइन्छ।<ref name="MauryaHistory">{{cite web |title=About Maurya |url=https://www.sksmcommunity.com/AboutMaurya.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Thapar |first1=Romila |title=Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryas |date=1998 |publisher=OUP India |isbn=9780195644456 |pages=334}}</ref> * '''[[शाक्य]]''': [[गौतम बुद्ध]]सँग सम्बन्धित प्राचीन वंश। कुशवाहा समुदायका केही समूहहरूले आफ्नो वंशावली [[शाक्य]] वंशसँग पनि जोड्ने दाबी गर्छन्। शाक्यहरू उत्तरी भारत र नेपाल क्षेत्रमा बसोबास गर्ने एक प्राचीन समुदाय थिए, जसलाई प्रायः [[क्षत्रिय]] वर्गसँग सम्बन्धित मानिन्छ। शाक्य गणराज्यको पतनपछि यसको केही सदस्यहरूले कृषि कार्यलाई निरन्तरता दिएका थिए।<ref name="ShakyaCaste">{{cite web |title=Shakya Caste |url=https://sites.google.com/view/shakya-caste}}</ref> * '''लिच्छवि''': प्राचीन नेपालका शिलालेखहरूमा विभिन्न समुदायहरूको प्रशासनिक भूमिकाको उल्लेख पाइन्छ। कोइरी जातिले लिच्छवीहरू आफ्नो जात को भएको दाबी गर्छन् किनभने तिनीहरू मूल रूपमा वैशाली बिहारका का हुन्। उनीहरूले नेपालमा शासन गरे। <ref>{{Cite book |last=Regmi |first=D.R. |title=Ancient Nepal |date=1969 |publisher=Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay}}</ref> * '''कछवाहा(कुशवाहा)''': कछवाहा/कुशवाहा वंश एक प्रमुख राजपूत वंश हो, जसले विशेष गरी [[राजस्थान]] र [[जयपुर]] क्षेत्रमा शासन गरेको इतिहास पाइन्छ।<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Rajendra |title=The Kachhwaha Dynasty: History and Heritage |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |pages=45–60}}</ref> *'''हरिकेल''' (वा हरकल): प्राचीन पूर्वी बंगालको एक शक्तिशाली र स्वतन्त्र राज्य थियो। यस राज्यको स्थापना र प्रारम्भिक शासन [[कोइरी]] (Koiri/Koeri) जातका '''महाराजाधिराज कान्तिदेव'''ले गरेका थिए।<ref name="Ray2014">{{cite book |last=Ray |first=Himanshu Prabha |title=Archaeology of Religion in South Asia |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Archaeology_of_Religion_in_South_Asia/QEkgEAAAQBAJ?hl=en |publisher=Routledge |year=2014 |isbn=978-0415325912 |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en}}</ref> हरिकेल राज्य करिब ५०० वर्षसम्म अस्तित्वमा रहेको थियो, जसमा वर्तमान बंगलादेशका सिलेट र चट्टग्राम विभागहरूका साथै भारतको त्रिपुरा र दक्षिण आसाम (कछार) का केही भागहरू समावेश थिए। [[File:The flag of the Harikela dynasty, which belonged to the Koiri caste.jpg|thumb|The flag of the Harikela dynasty which belonged to the Koiri caste.]] मध्यकालको प्रारम्भिक चरण (इस्वी संवत् ८ औँ शताब्दी) मा दरभंगा जिल्लाको मानपुर नजिकै कोइरी समुदायसँग सम्बन्धित एउटा महत्वपूर्ण शिलालेख फेला परेको छ। उक्त शिलालेखमा 'भूमिस्पर्श मुद्रा' मा रहेका गौतम बुद्धको मूर्ति दान गरिएको उल्लेख छ। मूर्तिको आसनमुनि '''"येन धर्मदत्त कोइरी"''' (Yena dhar-madatta Koiri) भन्ने वाक्यांश कुँदिएको छ, जसले त्यस समयमा कोइरी समुदायको धार्मिक र सामाजिक प्रतिष्ठालाई झल्काउँछ।<ref name="Ray2014" /> [[File:Silver coins of the Harikela dynasty, associated with the Koiri caste; the first coin features a bull (Nandi), and the second features a trident (Trishula).jpg|thumb|Silver coins of the Harikela dynasty associated with the Koiri caste; the first coin features a bull (Nandi) and the second features a trident (Trishula)]] [[File:Mata Prasad was owner of easte in Katehir who belonged to koiri caste.jpg|thumb|Mata Prasad was owner of easte in Katehir who belonged to koiri caste .]] [[File:Mata PrasRaja Bodh Ram who obtained Raja title from Asaf-ud-daula who was Koiri by caste.jpg|thumb|Raja Bodh Ram who obtained Raja title from Asaf-ud-daula who was Koiri by caste.]] == सामाजिक-आर्थिक अवस्था == [[File:Literacy rate of nepali koiri.png|thumb|Caste-wise literacy rate of Nepali Koiris]] नेपालमा कुशवाहा (कोइरी) समुदाय मुख्यतः कृषि सम्बन्धित पेशामा संलग्न भए पनि, उच्च साक्षरताको कारण उनीहरू सामाजिक र आर्थिक रूपमा अत्यन्त सशक्त बनेका छन्। विशेष गरी तराई क्षेत्रमा, कुशवाहा समुदायले शिक्षा, पेशागत दक्षता, र नेतृत्व क्षमतामा उल्लेखनीय प्रगति हासिल गरेको छ।पछिल्लो जनगणना अनुसार ८०% भन्दा बढी कुशवाहा साक्षर छन् जुन नेपालको औसत साक्षरता दरभन्दा बढी हो। नेपालको औसत साक्षरता दर ७७.४% छ। कोइरी समुदाय केवल कृषिमा सीमित नभई सरकारी सेवा, राजनीति, व्यवसाय, र अन्य पेशागत क्षेत्रमा पनि प्रभावशाली उपस्थित छ। उनीहरूको उच्च साक्षरता दर र सामुदायिक एकता उनीहरूलाई नीति निर्माण, प्रशासन, र स्थानीय नेतृत्वमा अग्रणी बनाउँछ। कुशवाहा एकताबद्ध र शक्तिशाली प्रमुख मधेशी जाति मध्ये एक हुन्।नेपालमा जमिन नभएको र गरिब कोइरी विरलै देख्नुहुनेछ, तिनीहरू नेपालमा आर्थिक, राजनीतिक रूपमा माथिल्लो जातका जमिनदार हुन्। समुदायका विभिन्न सामाजिक र सामुदायिक संस्थाहरूले शिक्षा सचेतना, सांस्कृतिक संरक्षण, सामाजिक विकास, र नेतृत्व क्षमताको विकासमा सक्रिय भूमिका खेलिरहेका छन्। यी पहलहरूले कुशवाहा समुदायलाई नेपाली समाजभित्र प्रभावशाली, सशक्त, र अग्रणी समुदायको रूपमा स्थापित गर्न सहयोग पुर्‍याएको छ।<ref name="NKKS">{{cite web |title=Nepal Kushwaha Kalyan Samaj |url=https://nkks.org.np/}}</ref> == तराई क्षेत्रमा जाति अनुसार कृषि जमिन स्वामित्व == [[File:Caste-wise Agricultural Landholding Data - Terai Region.jpg|thumb|Caste-wise Agricultural Landholding Data - Terai Region.]] नेपालको २०२१ को राष्ट्रिय जनगणनासँग सम्बन्धित तथ्यांकका आधारमा तयार गरिएको यस तालिकाले तराई क्षेत्रमा विभिन्न जाति समुदायहरूको औसत कृषि जमिन स्वामित्व तथा कुल कृषि जमिनमा उनीहरूको हिस्सा देखाउँछ। कुशवाहाको तराईमा अन्य कुनै पनि जातिको तुलनामा धेरै जग्गा छ, उनीहरू तराई क्षेत्रमा बहुमत जग्गाधनी हुन्। धेरै तल्लो जातका मानिसहरू पहिले कोइरीको जमिनमा मजदुरी गर्थे र कोही अझै पनि गर्छन्। यस अनुसार कुशवाहा (कोइरी) समुदाय मुख्यतः कृषिमा संलग्न रहेको देखिन्छ र औसत रूपमा करिब ६.२ बिगाहा जमिन स्वामित्व रहेको उल्लेख गरिएको छ, जुन तालिकामा समावेश गरिएको समुदायहरू मध्ये उच्चमध्ये एक हो। यस्तै यादव, भूमिहार र थारु समुदायहरू पनि कृषिमा प्रमुख रूपमा संलग्न देखिन्छन् र उनीहरूको पनि उल्लेखनीय कृषि जमिन स्वामित्व रहेको देखिन्छ। कृषि नेपालको अर्थतन्त्रको मेरुदण्ड हो र तराई नेपालको अन्न भण्डार हो। यस प्रकारको तथ्यांकले तराई क्षेत्रमा कृषि पेशामा संलग्न विभिन्न समुदायहरूको आर्थिक र सामाजिक संरचनालाई बुझ्न मद्दत पुर्‍याउँछ। कोइरी नेपालको एक बलियो कृषिप्रधान जाति हो। == संस्कृति == [[File:Holi festival celebration in Kathmandu 2025-070A3169.jpg|thumb|women's of kushwaha (koiri) community celebrating holi in nepal]] [[File:Chhath Puja Ritual from India.jpg|thumb|Nepali kushwaha (koiri) community celebrating chhath puja in Kathmandu]] कुशवाहा समुदाय मुख्यतः [[हिन्दू धर्म]] मान्ने समुदाय हो। यस समुदायले विशेषगरी [[शिव]], [[राम]] र [[विष्णु]] जस्ता देवताहरूको पूजा–आराधना गर्ने गर्छन्। कुशवाहा समुदायमा मनाइने प्रमुख पर्वहरूमा [[छठ पर्व]], [[दीपावली]] र [[होली]] पर्दछन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kushwaha Religious Practices |url=https://news.sainicaste.com/2024/03/who-is-kushwaha-caste-god.html |website=Saini Caste News}}</ref> == उपसमूह (कुलहरू) == ऐतिहासिक रूपमा [[कोइरी]] समुदायभित्र विभिन्न उपसमूहहरू(कुलहरू) रहेको उल्लेख पाइन्छ। ब्रिटिशकालीन जाति अध्ययनहरूमा कोइरी समुदायभित्र निम्न उपसमूहहरूको उल्लेख गरिएको छ:<ref>{{cite book |title=The Tribes and Castes of Bengal |last=Risley |first=H. H. |year=1891 |publisher=Government of Bengal}}</ref> * बरकी-दांगी (Barki-Dangi) * छोटकी-दांगी (Chhotki-Dangi) * जरुहार (Jaruhar) * कनौजिया (Kanaujia) * मगहिया (Magahiya) * तिरहुतिया (Tirhutia) * चिरमैट (Chirmait) * कुम्रह (Kumrh) * बनाफर (Banaphar) * गोइता (Goita) * धार (Dhar) * रेतिया (Reutia) * पौरिया (Pauria) * बराकर (Barakar) * पालमोहाँ (Palmohan) == वास्तुकला == [[File:Janaki temple janakpur.jpg|thumb|जानकी मन्दिर जनकपुर कोइरी शैलीको वास्तुकला ]] कोइरी (कुशवाहा) समुदायसँग सम्बन्धित वास्तुकलाको एक उदाहरण [[जानकी मन्दिर]] (जनकपुर) मा देख्न सकिन्छ, जसलाई प्रायः ‘‘कोइरी शैली’’को वास्तुकलाको महत्वपूर्ण नमुना मानिन्छ। यो कोइरी जातिले पनि निर्माण गरेको हुन सक्छ। कुशवाहा (कोइरी) वैदिक क्षत्रिय वा विगतका क्षत्रिय हुन् भन्ने कुरा प्रमाणित हुन्छ । <ref>{{cite web |title=Janaki Mandir |url=https://visitsnepal.com/product/janaki-mandir/}}</ref> [[File:Drone image of jankai temple ( jankapur nepal) in koiri style architecture.png|thumb|Drone image of janaki temple ( jankapur nepal) in koiri style architecture]] यस प्रकारको वास्तुकलामा हिन्दु, मुगल र क्षेत्रीय मिथिला कलाको मिश्रण देखिन्छ। जनकपुरस्थित जानकी मन्दिर तीन तलाको संरचना हो र यो मुख्यतः ढुंगा तथा सेतो संगमरमरबाट निर्माण गरिएको छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Janaki Mandir |url=https://visitsnepal.com/product/janaki-mandir/}}</ref> मन्दिरको संरचनामा गुम्बज, झ्यालहरूमा जालीदार नक्काशी, रंगीन सिसा, स्तम्भ तथा मिथिला चित्रकलाबाट सजावट गरिएको हुन्छ। मन्दिर परिसरमा करिब ६० वटा कोठाहरू रहेको उल्लेख पाइन्छ, जसले यस वास्तुकलालाई विशिष्ट र आकर्षक बनाउँछ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Janaki Mandir |url=https://visitsnepal.com/product/janaki-mandir/}}</ref> यस शैलीको वास्तुकलाले मधेश तथा मिथिला क्षेत्रको सांस्कृतिक प्रभाव र धार्मिक परम्परालाई प्रतिबिम्बित गरेको मानिन्छ। == सामाजिक स्थिति == नेपालका विभिन्न जाति तथा जातीय समूहहरूको ऐतिहासिक रूपमा सरकार, कृषि, व्यापार, निजामती सेवा, न्यायपालिका र सैनिक संस्थाहरूमा प्रतिनिधित्व फरक–फरक रहेको छ। नेपालको [[शाह वंश]]को शासनकाल (१७६८–२००८) मा पहाडी उच्च जाति जस्तै [[बाहुन]] र [[क्षेत्री]]हरूले निजामती सेवा, न्यायपालिका तथा सेनाको उच्च पदहरूमा उल्लेखनीय प्रभुत्व राखेका थिए। तराई क्षेत्रमा गरिएको केही अध्ययनहरू अनुसार (२०१५ भन्दा अगाडिका तथ्याङ्कहरू), केही मधेसी जाति समूहहरूको निजामती सेवामा प्रतिनिधित्व उनीहरूको जनसंख्या अनुपातभन्दा बढी देखिएको थियो। उदाहरणका लागि, कुशवाहा ([[कोइरी]]) समुदायको नेपाल सरकारको निजामती सेवामा प्रतिनिधित्व उनीहरूको राष्ट्रिय जनसंख्या हिस्साभन्दा करिब ३.२ गुणा बढी रहेको उल्लेख गरिएको छ, जसले उनीहरूलाई प्रतिनिधित्वको हिसाबले देशमा चौथो स्थानमा राख्दछ। यसैगरी [[राजपूत]] समुदायको प्रतिनिधित्व उनीहरूको जनसंख्या अनुपातभन्दा करिब ५.६ गुणा बढी रहेको पाइन्छ भने [[मैथिल ब्राह्मण]]हरूको प्रतिनिधित्व करिब ४.२ गुणा रहेको देखिन्छ।<ref name="Hatlebakk07">{{cite web |last=Hatlebakk |first=Magnus |year=2007 |title=Economic and social structures that may explain the recent conflicts in the Terai of Nepal |location=Kathmandu |publisher=Norwegian Embassy |url=http://www.norway.org.np/NR/rdonlyres/0993F5660B3548A98F819167B4FD596C/72944/http___wwwcmi.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724190445/http://www.norway.org.np/NR/rdonlyres/0993F5660B3548A98F819167B4FD596C/72944/http___wwwcmi.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-24 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724190445/http://www.norway.org.np/NR/rdonlyres/0993F5660B3548A98F819167B4FD596C/72944/http___wwwcmi.pdf |date=2011-07-24 }}</ref> [[यादव]] समुदाय नेपालका मधेसी समुदायभित्रका सबैभन्दा ठूलो जाति समूहहरूमध्ये एक हो। केही जिल्लाहरूमा उनीहरूको ठूलो जनसंख्याका कारण पछिल्ला दशकहरूमा राजनीतिक प्रतिनिधित्व पनि उल्लेखनीय रूपमा बढेको छ। यस समुदायका एक प्रमुख व्यक्तित्व [[रामबरन यादव]] हुन्, जो सन् २००८ जुलाई २३ देखि २०१५ अक्टोबर २९ सम्म नेपालका प्रथम राष्ट्रपति बनेका थिए।<ref name="OCHA1">{{cite journal|url=http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpDocuments)/B66F206172F49BE4C12572D50030C3F0/$file/OCHA+overview+no+12+April+07.pdf |title=Highlights |journal=OCHA Nepal Situation Overview |issue=12 |date=April 2007 |publisher=OCHA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091113112940/http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpDocuments)/B66F206172F49BE4C12572F49BE4C12572D50030C3F0/$file/OCHA+overview+no+12+April+07.pdf |archive-date=13 November 2009}}</ref> नेपालमा [[नेपाली भाषा]] राष्ट्रिय भाषा हो भने [[मैथिली भाषा]] दोस्रो धेरै बोलिने भाषामध्ये एक हो। हिन्दू समाजमा प्रचलित [[जाति व्यवस्था]]लाई सन् १९६१ मा लागू गरिएको ''नयाँ मुलुकी ऐन'' द्वारा कानुनी रूपमा निषेध गरिएको थियो।<ref name="OCHA2">{{cite journal|url=https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/2E89F2121C2C57A24925733F000F4F21-Full_report.pdf |title=Highlights |journal=OCHA Nepal Situation Overview |issue=16 |date=July–August 2007 |publisher=OCHA}}</ref><ref name="OCHA3">{{cite journal|url=http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpDocuments)/5CC0BE0C971587F2C1257496004A9B9E/$file/ocha+sitrep+12+july08.pdf |title=Highlights |journal=OCHA Nepal Situation Overview |issue=30 |date=June–July 2008 |publisher=OCHA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218090410/http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpDocuments)/5CC0BE0C971587F2C1257496004A9B9E/$file/ocha+sitrep+12+july08.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2010}}</ref><ref name="Him-ext">{{cite web |url=http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullNews.php?headline=Body+of+murder+victim+found+in+Gulmi&NewsID=266104 |title=Body of murder victim found in Gulmi |publisher=The Himalayan Times |first=Hari |last=Sharma |date=2010-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525142109/http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullNews.php?headline=Body+of+murder+victim+found+in+Gulmi&NewsID=266104 |archive-date=25 May 2012 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525142109/http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullNews.php?headline=Body+of+murder+victim+found+in+Gulmi&NewsID=266104 |date=2012-05-25 }}</ref> [[File:Average Height of Nepalese Men and Women in every Province.png|thumb|'''नेपालका विभिन्न प्रदेशहरूमा पुरुष तथा महिलाको औसत उचाइ''']] == जनसंख्या == नेपालको केन्द्रीय तथ्यांक विभागले कुशवाहा जातिलाई व्यापक मधेसी जाति समूह अन्तर्गतको एक उपसमूहका रूपमा वर्गीकृत गरेको छ। यो समुदाय मुख्यतः नेपालको [[तराई]] क्षेत्रमा बसोबास गर्दै आएको छ, जहाँ कृषिलाई मुख्य पेशाका रूपमा अपनाइन्छ। [[राष्ट्रिय तथ्यांक कार्यालय (नेपाल)|राष्ट्रिय तथ्यांक कार्यालय]] द्वारा प्रकाशित [[२०२१ नेपाल जनगणना]] अनुसार नेपालमा कुशवाहा समुदायको जनसंख्या ३५५,७०७ रहेको छ, जुन नेपालको कुल जनसंख्याको करिब १.२२% हो।<ref name="Census2021">{{Cite book |title=National Population and Housing Census 2021: Caste/Ethnicity Report |publisher=National Statistics Office, Nepal |year=2021}}</ref> प्रदेश अनुसार कुशवाहा जनसंख्याको वितरण निम्नानुसार रहेको छ:<ref name="Census2021"/> * [[मधेश प्रदेश]] – ४.५६% * [[लुम्बिनी प्रदेश]] – २% * [[कोशी प्रदेश]] – १% * [[बागमती प्रदेश]] – ०.५% * [[गण्डकी प्रदेश]] – ०.१% * [[कर्णाली प्रदेश]] – ०.१% * [[सुदूरपश्चिम प्रदेश]] – ०.७% राष्ट्रिय औसत (करिब १.३%) भन्दा बढी कुशवाहा जनसंख्या रहेका जिल्लाहरू निम्न छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=2011 Nepal Census, District Level Detail Report |url=https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |access-date=2025-06-20 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314170005/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |date=2023-03-14 }}</ref> * [[सर्लाही]] – ७.९% * [[रौतहट]] – ३.५% * [[बारा]] – ४.५% * [[पर्सा]] – ३.९% * [[धनुषा]] – ५.१% * [[सिराहा]] – ६.०% * [[सप्तरी]] – १.०% * [[महोत्तरी]] – ५.८% * [[सुनसरी]] – ४.१% * [[मोरङ]] – १.०% * [[कपिलवस्तु]] – ०.५% * [[रुपन्देही]] – १.०% * [[बाँके]] – ०.५% * [[बर्दिया]] – ०.२% * [[झापा]] – ०.१% * [[चितवन]] – <०.१% * [[नवलपरासी]] – <०.१% * [[काठमाडौं]] – ०.१% ==उल्लेखनीय व्यक्तित्वहरू== * '''रामचन्द्र सिंह कुशवाहा''' – नेपालका लोकतान्त्रिक आन्दोलनसँग सम्बन्धित एक स्वतन्त्रता सेनानी। उहाँ महोत्तरी जिल्लाको पडरिया निवासी हुनुहुन्थ्यो। लामो समयदेखि क्यान्सरबाट पीडित रहनु भएका उहाँको काठमाडौँस्थित वीर अस्पतालमा उपचारका क्रममा सन् २०२5 मा निधन भएको थियो।<ref>{{cite web |title=Freedom fighter Kushwaha no more |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/freedom-fighter-kushwaha-no-more.html |website=OnlineKhabar |date=16 July 2025}}</ref> * [[डॉ. उपेन्द्र महतो]] (नेपाली: डॉ. उपेन्द्र महतो), व्यवसायी, परोपकारी तथा गैर‑आवासीय नेपाली संघ (NRNA) का संस्थापक अध्यक्ष।<ref>{{cite web |title=Upendra Mahato: Nepali Business Tycoon & NRNA Founder |url=https://www.sourcenepal.com/upendra-mahato/}}</ref> * [[राजेन्द्र महतो]] (नेपाली: राजेन्द्र महतो; जन्म १९५८), नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, पूर्व उप–प्रधानमन्त्री तथा विभिन्न पार्टीका नेता।<ref>{{cite web |title=Rajendra Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajendra_Mahato}}</ref> * [[लक्ष्मी महतो कोइरी]] (नेपाली: लझ्मी महतो कोइरी; जन्म १९६४), नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, House of Representatives का सदस्य (२०८० सम्म) र CPN (UML) का प्रतिनिधि।<ref>{{cite web |title=Laxmi Mahato Koiri |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laxmi_Mahato_Koiri}}</ref> * उपेन्द्र महतो (राजनीतिज्ञ) – मधेश प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य, Sarlahi‑1 (A) बाट निर्वाचित प्रदेश विपक्षी नेता (२०१७ देखि)।<ref>{{cite web |title=Upendra Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upendra_Mahato}}</ref> * [[बिरेन्द्र प्रसाद महतो]] (नेपाली: बिरेन्द्र प्रसाद महतो; जन्म १९६९), नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, पूर्व वन तथा वातावरण मन्त्री र संघीय संसद सदस्य।<ref>{{cite web |title=Birendra Prasad Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birendra_Prasad_Mahato}}</ref> * [[संजय कुमार महतो]] (नेपाली: संजयकुमार महतो), नेपाली कांग्रेसका प्रदेश सभा सदस्य, मधेश प्रदेश १ (Dhanusha‑1A) बाट निर्वाचित।<ref>{{cite web |title=Sanjay Kumar Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanjay_Kumar_Mahato}}</ref> * [[सिताराम महतो]] (नेपाली: सिताराम महतो; जन्म १९५५), नेपाली कांग्रेस पार्टीका राजनीतिज्ञ र संघीय प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य, Sunsari‑2 बाट निर्वाचित।<ref>{{cite web |title=Sitaram Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitaram_Mahato}}</ref> * [[मुगा लाल महतो]] (नेपाली: मुगा लाल महतो), नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, Sunsari‑4 निर्वाचन क्षेत्रमा संविधान सभा सदस्य।<ref>{{cite web |title=Muga Lal Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muga_Lal_Mahato}}</ref> * रबिन महतो (Rabin Mahato) – रास्ट्रिया स्वतन्त्र पार्टीका उम्मेदवार; सर्लाही–२ क्षेत्रबाट प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्यमा विजयी।<ref>{{cite news |title=RSP’s Rabin Mahato defeats NCP’s Yadav in Sarlahi-2 by 33,989 votes |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/rsps-rabin-mahato-defeats-ncps-yadav-in-sarlahi-2-by-33989-votes-41-52.html}}</ref> * प्रमोद कुमार महतो (Pramod Kumar Mahato) – रास्ट्रिया स्वतन्त्र पार्टीका उम्मेदवार; महोत्तरी–१ क्षेत्रबाट प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्यमा विजयी।<ref>{{cite news |title=Pramod Kumar Mahato Wins Mahottari-1 Seat with 34,636 Votes |url=https://khojsamachar.com/pramod-kumar-mahato-wins-mahottari-1-election/}}</ref> * '''इर. बसन्त कुशवाहा''' – मधेश प्रदेशका एक नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ तथा इन्जिनियर। उहाँ २०२५ देखि मधेश प्रदेश सरकारमा खेलकुद तथा समाज कल्याण मन्त्रीको रूपमा कार्यरत हुनुहुन्छ र मधेश प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य पनि हुनुहुन्छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Er. Basant Kushwaha |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Er._Basant_Kushwaha}}</ref> * '''सरोज सिंह कुशवाहा''' – मधेश प्रदेशका प्रदेश सभा सदस्य तथा जनता समाजवादी पार्टी (नेपाल) का राजनीतिज्ञ। उहाँ महोत्तरी निर्वाचन क्षेत्रबाट निर्वाचित भएका हुन्।<ref>{{cite web |title=JSP-N lawmaker Saroj Singh Kushwaha suspended |url=https://kathmandupost.com/province-no-2/2025/10/17/jsp-n-lawmaker-saroj-singh-kushwaha-suspended}}</ref> * '''अजय कुमार कुशवाहा''' – बारा जिल्लाको कलैया उपमहानगरपालिका वडा नं. ११ का निर्वाचित वडा अध्यक्ष।<ref>{{cite web |title=Ajay Kumar Kushwaha |url=https://kalaiyamun.gov.np/en/content/ajay-kumar-kushwaha}}</ref> * '''राम प्रसाद मेहता''' – सुनसरी जिल्लाका नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ तथा कोशी प्रदेश सरकारका सामाजिक विकास मन्त्री। उहाँ नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी) (CPN-UML) सँग सम्बन्धित हुनुहुन्छ। उहाँले २०७९ को निर्वाचनमा सुनसरी २ (ख) बाट प्रदेश सभा सदस्य निर्वाचित भएका थिए र हाल कोशी प्रदेशमा मन्त्रीको रूपमा कार्यरत हुनुहुन्छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=Over 47000 votes invalid in Sunsari |url=https://risingnepaldaily.com/news/19590 |website=Rising Nepal}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=“Effective Cooperation Needed for Drug Control,” Says Koshi Province Chief Minister |url=https://english.pardafas.com/effective-cooperation-needed-for-drug-control-says-koshi-province-chief-minister |website=Pardafas}}</ref> * '''राजन मेहता''' – सुनसरी जिल्लाको इनरुवा नगरपालिकाका मेयर तथा राजनीतिज्ञ। उहाँ नेपाली कांग्रेससँग सम्बन्धित हुनुहुन्छ र स्थानीय तह निर्वाचनमा निर्वाचित भएका हुन्। उहाँले जिल्ला समन्वय समिति, सुनसरीको प्रमुखको रूपमा पनि जिम्मेवारी सम्हाल्नु भएको छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=District Coordination Committee, Sunsari Chief Mr. Rajan Mehta hosted the coordination meeting |url=https://daosunsari.moha.gov.np/en/post/district-coordination-committee-sunsari-chief-mr-rajan-mehta-hosted-the |website=DAO Sunsari}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mayor Rajan Mehta Receiving Victory Certificate after Local Level Election |url=https://www.dreamstime.com/rajan-mehta-the-newly-elected-mayor-of-inaruwa-municipality-is-receiving-the-official-certificate-of-victory-from-the-election-image422987909 |website=Dreamstime}}</ref> *'''[[निशा मेहता]]''' सुनसरी जिल्लासँग सम्बन्धित राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी (रास्वपा) की नेतृ तथा प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य हुन्। उहाँ २०७९ सालको प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचनमा रास्वपाबाट मधेसी महिला क्लस्टर अन्तर्गत समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणालीमार्फत निर्वाचित हुनुभएको हो।<ref>{{cite web |title=प्रतिनिधि सभा समानुपातिक सदस्यहरूको सूची|url=https://election.gov.np}}</ref>उहाँ नेपाल सरकारको मन्त्रिपरिषद्मा स्वास्थ्य तथा जनसंख्या मन्त्री तथा खानेपानी मन्त्रीको रूपमा नियुक्त हुनुभएको छ।<ref>{{cite web |title=नयाँ मन्त्रिपरिषद् गठन |url=https://moha.gov.np}}</ref>मेहता स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्रसँग सम्बन्धित व्यक्ति हुन्। उहाँले नर्सिङ विषयमा स्नातकोत्तर (Master’s) उपाधि हासिल गर्नुभएको छ र यसअघि स्वास्थ्य सेवा तथा शिक्षण क्षेत्रमा कार्यरत रहनुभएको थियो।<ref>{{cite web |title=Nisha Mehta |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nisha_Mehta}}</ref> *'''जवाहरलाल कुशवाहा''' मधेश प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य हुन्, जो सर्लाही निर्वाचन क्षेत्र नम्बर ३ (क) बाट निर्वाचित भएका थिए। उनी स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा निर्वाचित भई पछि नेकपा (माओवादी केन्द्र) मा प्रवेश गरेका हुन्।<ref name="JawaharMaoist">{{cite news |title=स्वतन्त्र सांसद जवाहरलाल कुशवाहा माओवादी केन्द्रमा प्रवेश |url=https://www.ratopati.com/story/321456/jawaharlal-kushwaha |work=रातोपाटी |date=२०२३-०१-२२ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref><ref name="MadheshAssembly">{{cite web |title=प्रदेश सभा सदस्यहरूको विवरण |url=https://pams.gov.np/member |website=मधेश प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *'''रघुनाथ महतो कोइरी''' सुनसरी जिल्लाका एक स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनले विभिन्न तहका निर्वाचनमा स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा सहभागिता जनाउँदै स्थानीय राजनीतिमा सक्रिय भूमिका खेल्दै आएका छन्।<ref name="EC_Nepal_Result">{{cite web |title=प्रतिनिधि सभा तथा प्रदेश सभा निर्वाचन परिणाम |url=https://result.election.gov.np/ |publisher=निर्वाचन आयोग नेपाल |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123062409/https://result.election.gov.np/ |date=2022-11-23 }}</ref> *'''लक्ष्मण महतो कोइरी''' धनुषा जिल्लासँग सम्बन्धित राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनले मधेश प्रदेशको प्रदेश सभा तथा स्थानीय तहका निर्वाचनहरूमा स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा प्रतिस्पर्धा गरेका छन्।<ref name="ElectionRecord">{{cite news |title=धनुषामा स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारहरूको प्रभाव |url=https://ekantipur.com/news |work=कान्तिपुर पब्लिकेसन्स |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref> *'''रामनरेश महतो कोइरी''' धनुषा जिल्लाका स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनले मुख्यतया तराई-मधेस क्षेत्रमा कुशवाहा (कोइरी) समुदायको हकहित र प्रतिनिधित्वको सवालमा आवाज उठाउँदै आएका छन्।<ref name="CommunityLeader">{{cite web |title=मधेसको राजनीतिमा जातीय समीकरण र प्रतिनिधित्व |url=https://gorkhapatraonline.com/ |website=गोरखापत्र अनलाइन |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref> *'''राज किशोर महतो''' राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी (रास्वपा) का राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनी २०८२ को प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचनमा धनुषा निर्वाचन क्षेत्र नम्बर ४ बाट भारी मतका साथ निर्वाचित भएका हुन्। उनले नेपाली कांग्रेसका प्रभावशाली नेता महेन्द्र यादवलाई पराजित गर्दै युवा राजनीतिको लहरलाई स्थापित गरेका थिए।<ref name="Dhanusa4_2082">{{cite news |title=धनुषा ४ मा रास्वपाका राज किशोर महतो विजयी |url=https://election.ekantipur.com/pradesh-2/district-dhanusa/constituency-4 |work=कान्तिपुर पब्लिकेसन्स |date=२०२६-०३-११ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref> *'''वीरेन्द्र कुमार मेहता''' राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टीका केन्द्रीय सदस्य हुन्। उनी मधेस प्रदेशमा पार्टीको संगठन विस्तार र वैकल्पिक राजनीतिको प्रवर्द्धनमा सक्रिय भूमिका खेलिरहेका छन्। उनी २०८२ को निर्वाचनमा पार्टीको रणनीतिक योजना निर्माण र युवा परिचालनमा संलग्न रहेका थिए।<ref name="VirendraRSP">{{cite news |title=रास्वपा केन्द्रीय समितिमा नयाँ अनुहार |url=https://kfgo.com/2026/03/07/inside-the-nepal-campaign |work=The Mighty 790 KFGO |date=२०२६-०३-०७ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=en}}</ref> *'''फकिरा महतो''' मधेस प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य हुन्। उनी सर्लाही निर्वाचन क्षेत्र नम्बर ४ (ख) बाट निर्वाचित भएका थिए। उनी हाल मधेस प्रदेश सभामा नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (माओवादी केन्द्र) को प्रतिनिधित्व गर्दै विभिन्न संसदीय समितिहरूमा सक्रिय छन्।<ref name="FakeeraMadhesh">{{cite web |title=मधेस प्रदेश सभा सदस्यहरूको विवरण |url=https://pams.gov.np/member |website=मधेश प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *'''सञ्जय कुमार महतो''' धनुषा जिल्लाका राजनीतिज्ञ हुन्। उनले २०८२ को प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचनमा धनुषा-४ बाट नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टीको तर्फबाट उम्मेदवारी दिएका थिए। उनी मधेसको स्थानीय राजनीति र सामुदायिक विकासका मुद्दाहरूमा सक्रिय रहँदै आएका छन्।<ref name="SanjayDhanusa">{{cite web |title=प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य निर्वाचन २०८२ - परिणाम |url=https://result.election.gov.np/ |publisher=निर्वाचन आयोग नेपाल |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123062409/https://result.election.gov.np/ |date=2022-11-23 }}</ref> *'''प्रमेश्वर महतो''' (सहिद) सिरहा जिल्लाको लाहानसँग सम्बन्धित एक मधेशी आन्दोलनकारी हुन्। उनले २०६३ सालको ऐतिहासिक मधेश आन्दोलनका क्रममा लाहानमा भएको प्रदर्शनमा सहादत प्राप्त गरेका थिए। उनलाई नेपाल सरकारले औपचारिक रूपमा सहिद घोषणा गरेको छ र उनको सम्मानमा लाहानका विभिन्न स्थानमा स्मारकहरू निर्माण गरिएका छन्।<ref name="Sahid_Lahan">{{cite news |title=मधेश आन्दोलनका सहिदहरूको सम्झना |url=https://gorkhapatraonline.com/news/72431 |work=गोरखापत्र अनलाइन |date=२०२२-०१-२२ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref><ref name="Madesh_Martyrs">{{cite web |title=सहिदहरूको सूची - मधेश प्रदेश सरकार |url=https://madesh.gov.np/martyrs-list |website=मधेश प्रदेश सरकार मुख्यमन्त्री तथा मन्त्रिपरिषद्को कार्यालय |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *'''बेचन मेहता''' (सहिद) सुनसरी जिल्लाको इनरुवासँग सम्बन्धित एक मधेशी आन्दोलनकारी हुन्। उनले २०६३ सालको मधेश आन्दोलनका क्रममा माघ महिनामा इनरुवामा भएको विरोध प्रदर्शनका क्रममा सहादत प्राप्त गरेका थिए। नेपाल सरकारले उनलाई औपचारिक रूपमा सहिद घोषणा गरेको छ। इनरुवा नगरपालिका भित्र उनको सम्मानमा 'सहिद बेचन मेहता चोक' र उनको पूर्ण कदको सालिक निर्माण गरिएको छ।<ref name="BechanSahid">{{cite news |title=मधेश आन्दोलनका सहिद बेचन मेहताको स्मरण |url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2019/01/735624 |work=अनलाइनखबर |date=२०१९-०१-२१ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne}}</ref><ref name="SunsariMartyr">{{cite web |title=सुनसरीका सहिदहरूको विवरण |url=https://madesh.gov.np/ |website=मधेश प्रदेश सरकार |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=ne }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *'''अनिता देवी''' जनमत पार्टीकी एक प्रभावशाली नेतृ हुन्। उनी नेपाल सरकारको संघीय मामिला तथा सामान्य प्रशासन मन्त्रीको रूपमा कार्य गरिसकेकी छिन्। उनी कुशवाहा समुदायबाट राष्ट्रिय राजनीतिमा उच्च तहमा पुग्ने थोरै महिला नेतृहरूमध्ये एक हुन्।<ref name="AnitaDevi">{{cite news |title=अनिता देवी सामान्य प्रशासन मन्त्री नियुक्त |url=https://www.nepallive.com/story/301245 |work=नेपाल लाइभ |date=२०२३-०८-१४ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१७ |language=ne}}</ref> === खेलकुद === * [[पुजा महतो]] (नेपाली: पुजा महतो; जन्म १७ फेब्रुअरी २००६), नेपाली महिला क्रिकेट टोलीकी अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय खेलाडी।<ref name="ESPNCricinfo"/> * [[किशोर महतो]] (नेपाली: किशोर महतो), नेपाली पुरुष क्रिकेट खेलाडी।<ref>{{cite web |title=Kishore Mahato |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kishore_Mahato |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> * [[संगम महतो]] (नेपाली: संगम महतो), नेपाली महिला भलिबल टोलीकी खेलाडी।<ref>{{cite web |title=Sangam Mahato Profile |url=https://www.hamrokhelkud.net/players/sangam-mahato/ |website=HamroKhelkud }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * [[भरत सिंह महता]] (नेपाली: भरत सिंह महता; जन्म १२ अगस्ट १९९७), नेपाली पारा‑टाइक्वान्डो प्रतिस्पर्धी; पेरालम्पिक्समा प्रतिस्पर्धा।<ref>{{cite web |title=Bharat Singh Mahata |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharat_Singh_Mahata |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> * कुशल सिंह मेहता (Kushal Singh Mehta), क्रिकेट खेलाडी (क्रिकहिरोज प्रोफाइल अनुसार)।<ref>{{cite web |title=Kushal‑singh‑mehta Cricket Stats |url=https://cricheroes.com/player-profile/8161779/kushal-singh-mehta/stats}}</ref> *'''सर्वज्ञ सिंह कुशवाहा''' विश्वकै सबैभन्दा कम उमेरका 'फिडे रेटेड' (FIDE rated) चेस खेलाडी हुन्। उनले मात्र ३ वर्ष ७ महिनाको उमेरमा १५७२ रेटिङ प्राप्त गरेर गिनिज बुक अफ वर्ल्ड रेकर्ड्समा आफ्नो नाम दर्ता गराउने प्रयास गरिरहेका छन्।<ref name="Sarwagya_Chess">{{cite news |title=Sarwagya Singh Kushwaha becomes youngest FIDE-rated chess player |url=https://khelnow.com/chess/sarwagya-singh-kushwaha-youngest-fide-rated-202512 |work=Khel Now |date=२०२५-१२-०३ |access-date=२०२६-०३-१२ |language=en}}</ref> ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== [[श्रेणी:नेपालका जातिहरू]] * [[क्षत्रिय ]] * [[मौर्य साम्राज्य ]] * [[मधेश प्रदेश ]] * [[तराई]] * [[निशा मेहता]] kmlvy0m78xrbshgdtimrfdpjnyi11y5 0 99808 1355907 1355874 2026-05-19T04:01:37Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* सन्तान */ 1355907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder |name = बद्री नरसिंह राणा |image = |caption = |office = पाल्पाको बडाहाकिम |monarch = राजा सुरेन्द्र |primeminister = [[जङ्गबहादुर राणा|जंगबहादुर राणा]] |term_start = १९१५ |term_end = १९३१ |predecessor = [[केदार नरसिंह राणा]] |successor = जनरल [[वीर शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|वीर शमशेर]] |birth_date = १८७७ श्रावण १७<ref>पूर्णिमा अंक ९३ पृष्ठ १४ </ref> |birth_place = गोरखा |death_date = १९३१ बैशाख<ref>पूर्णिमा अंक ९३ पृष्ठ ९ </ref> |death_place = पाल्पा |party = |spouse = |parents = [[बालनरसिंह कुँवर|बाल नरसिंह कुँवर]] (पिता )<br>गणेश कुमारी |relatives = |alma_mater = |signature = }} '''कमाण्डर जनरल श्री इस्ट देवता चरण श्री माधर जंग कुमार श्री बद्री नरसिंह कुँवर''' प्रधानमन्त्री [[जङ्गबहादुर राणा|जंगबहादुर राणा]]का साहिला भाइ हुन् । यिनको [[गगनसिंह भण्डारी|गगनसिंह]]को छोरीसँग भित्रि सम्बन्ध थियो र गगन सिंहको हत्यामा उनको भूमिका थियो । [[कोत पर्व]] र [[भण्डारखाल पर्व]]मा यिनको सुझबुझको काम र समयमा गरेका निर्णयले जंगबहादुर र भाइहरू सत्ता हत्याउन सफल भएका थिए । == जंगबहादुरको हत्या योजना == वि.सं. १९०७ फागुन ६ गते बेलायत भ्रमण गरी फर्केपछि जंगबहादुरको हत्या गर्ने षड्यन्त्र बनेको थियो। सो षड्यन्त्रमा बमबहादुर, बद्री नरसिंह, जयबहादुर, करवीर खत्री, माहिला साहेबज्यू [[उपेन्द्रविक्रम शाह|उपेन्द्रविक्रम]] सहभागी थिए। बमबहादुरले सो षड्यन्त्रको भण्डाफोर गरे। त्यो कुरा प्रमाणित भएकोले भारत इलाहावादको जेल-चलान गरी तीन जनालाई सजाय गरियो।<ref>{{cite book|title=नेपालको तथ्य इतिहास|author=प्रा. डा. [[राजाराम सुवेदी]]|page=२३९|date=फागुन २०६१|publisher=[[साझा प्रकाशन]]|isbn=99933-2-406-X|url=}}</ref> [[जङ्गबहादुर राणा|जंगबहादुर]] बेलायत गएका बखतमा फर्केपछी हत्या गर्ने [[बद्री नरसिंह राणा]] र जयबहादुर राणाको योजनाको पोल उनले खोलेका थिए । राजा सुरेन्द्र तथा प्रधानमन्त्री जंगबहादुर विरुद्ध षड्यन्त्र रचेको अभियोगमा उनलाई पक्राउ गरी चुनारको किल्लामा नजरबन्दमा राखिएको थियो । तर पछि आमाको आग्रहमा उनलाई माफी दिई फिर्ता बोलाइयो र मृत्युपर्यन्त उनी पाल्पाको बडाहाकिम रहे ।<ref name=":0">http://www.royalark.net/Nepal/lamb2.htm</ref> == पाल्पाको बडाहाकिम == उनी मृत्युपर्यन्त पाल्पाको बडाहाकिम रहे ।<ref name=":0" /> बद्रीनरसिह कुंवर राणा हमेशैजसो भनिरहन्थे कि “विना कसूर मैले सजाय भोग्नुपरिरहेछ, तसर्थ राणाशासनको नाश गर्ने सकूँ, तसर्थं उनी ज्यादातर पाल्पा-तान्सेनवाट रिडी-[[कालीगण्डकी नदी|क्रालीगण्डकी]]मा गई आफ्नो शरीर कम्मरसम्म डुवाई घण्टौं जप गरी तपस्या गर्ने गर्दथे ।<ref name="पुरुषोत्तम">{{cite book|last=शम्शेर ज ब राणा|first=पुरुषोत्तम|author-link=पुरुषोत्तम शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|year=२०४७|title=श्री ३ हरुको तथ्य वृत्तान्त|publisher=|url=https://archive.org/details/gzof-shree-3-haruko-tathya-vrittanta-by-purushottam-sha/page/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A8/mode/2up|isbn=|pages=133}}</ref> == सन्तान == उनका सन्तानहरूलाई नरसिंह खलक भनिन्छ। [[रणोद्दीपसिंह कुँवर|रणोद्दीप सिंह]] निसन्तान हुनाले उनका सन्तान्हरूलाई धर्मपुत्र राखेका थिए। धीर शमशेरको मृत्यु पछी रणोदीपसिंहको समयमा नरसिंह खलकको चुर्तिफुर्ती निकै थियो । नरसिंह खलक पनि शासन सत्ता हत्याउन मौका कुरेर बसेका थिए। [[४२ सालको पर्व|१९४२को पर्व]] पछि किशोर नरसिंह राणाले [[वीर शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|वीर शमशेर]]लाई भनेका थिए, "महाराज सरकार मेरो भाइ भए पनि मलाई सरकारको सम्मान गर्न र सलाम गर्ने कुनै किसिमको गाह़ो र अफशोच लागेको छैन, कारण, मैले पहिले पनि भाइ त के भतिजासम्मलाई पनि सम्मान गर्दथें भने अब पनि महाराज भाइलाई सम्मान गरी सलाम गर्ने मलाई केही गाह्लो लागेको छैन । खालि अफशोच एकै कुराको छ, सो के भने मैले 'मही' खूब मर्थे र 'नौनीको डल्लो' खान लाग्दा महाराजबाट खोसी ज्यूनार भयो ।" <ref name="पुरुषोत्तम1">{{cite book|last=शम्शेर ज ब राणा|first=पुरुषोत्तम|author-link=पुरुषोत्तम शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|year=२०४७|title=श्री ३ हरुको तथ्य वृत्तान्त|publisher=|url=https://archive.org/details/gzof-shree-3-haruko-tathya-vrittanta-by-purushottam-sha/page/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A8/mode/2up|isbn=|pages=228}}</ref> उनका छोराहरु [[कुमार नरसिंह राणा]] र [[किशोर नरसिंह राणा]] नेपालका प्रख्यात वास्तुविद थिए । ==सन्दर्भ== <references /> [[श्रेणी:नरसिंह खलक]] [[श्रेणी:पाल्पाका बडाहाकिमहरू]] cniembkd35d9ou8uopppyfr9s3a891t 0 101859 1355955 1253566 2026-05-19T08:25:34Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Bilateral relations|नेपाल – संयुक्त अधिराज्य|Nepal|United Kingdom}} '''नेपाल -बेलायत सम्बन्ध''' [[नेपाल]] र [[संयुक्त अधिराज्य]] बीचको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध हो । बेलायत र नेपालको सम्बन्ध इतिहासदेखि मैत्री सम्बन्ध थियो र दूइ देशको राजपरिवार वीच पनि निकट सम्बन्ध थियो । ऐतिहासिक घटनाक्रम र विकास निर्माणको परियोजनामा सहयोग तथा गोर्खा सैनिक जस्ता कुराले नेपाल बेलायत सम्बन्ध विशेष रहने गर्छ । == इतिहास == नेपाल र संयुक्त अधिराज्यले हस्ताक्षर एक सन्धि १९२३ मा, जुनले पहिलो पटक नेपाललाइ अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय स्थितिमा नेपाललाई एक स्वतन्त्र र सार्वभौम राष्ट्र हो भनि परिभाषित गरेको थियो । यो सन्धिले १८७२ मा भएको [[सुगौली सन्धि]] विस्थापित गरेको थियो । नेपालको बेलायत स्थित दूतावास नेपाल २०० वर्ष वार्षिक उत्सवको खुसियाली को नेपाल-बेलायत सम्बन्ध मा २०१४ मा मनाएको थियो । == यो पनि हेर्नुहोस् == * [[नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] * [[गोर्खा ब्रिगेड]] {{ढाँचा:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} == सन्दर्भहरू == [[श्रेणी:नेपाल-बेलायत सम्बन्ध]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] mhzb5u7vih2lwu11yeatedbx50dutjf 0 103598 1355978 1253488 2026-05-19T11:14:32Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* इतिहास */ 1355978 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox former country |native_name =बझाङ राज्य <!-- Name in a modern syntax of native language(s). Leave blank if name is only in English Separate with line breaks<br/> or use Template:Plainlist. If language uses Latin characters, place name(s) in italics. --> |conventional_long_name = <!-- Full name in English --> |common_name =बझाङ <!-- Name to be used in constructing links and category names; not for display --> |continent = एसिया<!-- Generates categories of the type "Former countries in Europe" --> |region =हिन्दु <!-- Reserved for generating categories on subregions of continents --> |era = <!-- Use: "Napoleonic Wars", "Cold War", etc. --> |status = <!-- Status: see Category list on template page --> |status_text = <!-- A free text to describe status at the top of the infobox. Use sparingly. --> |empire = <!-- The empire or country to which the entity was in a state of dependency --> |government_type = राजतन्त्र<!-- To generate categories: "Monarchy", "Republic", etc. to generate categories --> <!-- Rise and fall, events, years and dates --> <!-- only fill in the start/end event entry if a specific article exists. Don't just say "abolition" or "declaration" --> |event_start =स्थापना <!-- Default: "Established" --> |date_start = विसं १५०३ <!-- Optional: Date of establishment, in format 1 January (no year) --> |year_start = विसं १५०३<!-- Year of establishment --> |event_end = विलयकाल<!-- Default: "Disestablished" --> |date_end = विसं १८४८<!-- Optional: Date of disestablishment, in format 1 January (no year) --> |year_end = विसं १८४८<!-- Year of disestablishment --> |year_exile_start = <!-- Year of start of exile (if dealing with exiled government: status="Exile") --> |year_exile_end = <!-- Year of end of exile (leave blank if still in exile) --> |event1 = <!-- Optional: other events between "start" and "end" --> |date_event1 = |event2 = |date_event2 = |event3 = |date_event3 = |event4 = |date_event4 = |event5 = |date_event5 = |event_pre = <!-- Optional: A crucial event that took place before "event_start" --> |date_pre = |event_post = <!-- Optional: A crucial event that took place after "event_end" --> |date_post = <!-- Flag navigation: Preceding and succeeding entities p1 to p5 and s1 to s5 --> |p1 = <!-- Name of the article for preceding entity, numbered 1-5 --> |flag_p1 = <!-- Default: "Flag of {{{p1}}}.svg" (size 30) --> |image_p1 = <!-- Use: [[File:Sin escudo.svg|20px|Image missing]] --> |p2 = |flag_p2 = |p3 = |flag_p3 = |p4 = |flag_p4 = |p5 = |flag_p5 = |s1 = <!-- Name of the article for succeeding entity, numbered 1-5 --> |flag_s1 = <!-- Default: "Flag of {{{s1}}}.svg" (size 30) --> |image_s1 = <!-- Use: [[File:Sin escudo.svg|20px|Image missing]] --> |s2 = |flag_s2 = |s3 = |flag_s3 = |s4 = |flag_s4 = |s5 = |flag_s5 = |image_flag = <!-- Default: Flag of {{{common_name}}}.svg --> |flag_alt = <!-- Alt text for flag --> |image_flag2 = <!-- Second flag --> |flag_alt2 = <!-- Alt text for second flag --> |flag = <!-- Link target under flag image. Default: Flag of {{{common_name}}} --> |flag2 = <!-- Link target undr flag2. Default "Flag" --> |image_coat = <!-- Default: Coat of arms of {{{common_name}}}.svg --> |coa_size = <!-- Size of coat of arms --> |coat_alt = <!-- Alt text for coat of arms --> |symbol_type = <!-- Displayed text for link under symbol. Default "Coat of arms" --> |symbol_type_article = <!-- Link target under symbol image. Default: Coat of arms of {{{common_name}}} --> |image_map = Bajhang district location.png |image_map_alt = |image_map_caption = |image_map2 = <!-- If second map is needed; does not appear by default --> |image_map2_alt = |image_map2_caption = |capital = [[व्यासीकोट दरबार]] |capital_exile = <!-- If status="Exile" --> |national_motto = |national_anthem = |common_languages = |religion = |demonym = |currency = <!-- Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies --> |leader1 = शक्तिसिंह<!-- Name of king or president --> |leader2 = सुजानसिंह |leader3 = भाउसिंह |leader4 = भीमसिंह |year_leader1 = <!-- Years served --> |year_leader2 = |year_leader3 = |year_leader4 = |title_leader = राजा<!-- Default: "King" for monarchy, otherwise "President" --> |representative1 = <!-- Name of representative of head of state (e.g. colonial governor) --> |representative2 = |representative3 = |representative4 = |year_representative1 = <!-- Years served --> |year_representative2 = |year_representative3 = |year_representative4 = |title_representative = <!-- Default: "Governor" --> |deputy1 = <!-- Name of prime minister --> |deputy2 = |deputy3 = |deputy4 = |year_deputy1 = <!-- Years served --> |year_deputy2 = |year_deputy3 = |year_deputy4 = |title_deputy = <!-- Default: "Prime minister" --> <!-- Legislature --> |legislature = <!-- Name of legislature --> |house1 = <!-- Name of first chamber --> |type_house1 = <!-- Default: "Upper house" --> |house2 = <!-- Name of second chamber --> |type_house2 = <!-- Default: "Lower house" --> <!-- Area and population of a given year --> |stat_year1 = <!-- year of the statistic, specify either area, population or both --> |stat_area1 = <!-- area in square kílometres (w/o commas or spaces), area in square miles is calculated --> |stat_pop1 = <!-- population (w/o commas or spaces), population density is calculated if area is also given --> |stat_year2 = |stat_area2 = |stat_pop2 = |stat_year3 = |stat_area3 = |stat_pop3 = |stat_year4 = |stat_area4 = |stat_pop4 = |stat_year5 = |stat_area5 = |stat_pop5 = |today = [[बझाङ जिल्ला]] <!-- Overlapping modern countries, if no more than four of these --><!-- Do NOT add flags, per MOS:INFOBOXFLAG --> |footnote_a = <!-- Accepts wikilinks --> |footnote_b = <!-- Accepts wikilinks --> ... |footnote_h = <!-- Accepts wikilinks --> |footnotes = <!-- Accepts wikilinks --> }}'''बझाङ''' [[बाइसे राज्यहरू|बाइसी राज्य]] थियो। [[खस राज्य]] खण्डित भएर १५०३ मा निर्माण भएको यस राज्य [[बहादुर शाह]]को नायबीकालमा नेपालमा विलय भएको थियो। बझाङका राज्यलाई रजौटाको मान्यता दिइएको थियो। == नामाकरण == ==इतिहास== बझाङ राज्यको स्थापना १५०३ मा भएको थियो । वि सं १८४८ मा नेपालसँग आश्रय सन्धी गरेको हुँदा वार्षिक रू ५०१/- सिर्तो तिर्ने गरी रजौटा थमौती भएको थियो । [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|श्री ५ महेन्द्र]]बाट विसं २०१७ मा राज्य रजौटा ऐन, २०१७ लागू गरियो । [[राज्य रजौटा ऐन, २०१७]] र राज्य अदालत उन्मूलन ऐन, २०१७ लागू भएपछि सबै राज्यहरू खारेज भएका थिए । यद्यपि राज्य रजौटा ऐनले सल्यान, [[बझाङ राज्य|बझाङ]], जाजरकोट, मुस्ताग, भिर्कोट, माल्नेटा, दर्ना गरी १७ रजौटालाई मान्यता दिएको थियो ।<ref>[http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/download?ref=2264 राज्य रजौटा ऐन, २०१७]</ref> === बझाङ काण्ड === बझाङी युवराज ओमजंगबहादुर सिंहले इलाका अदालतको विरोध गरेका थिए । राज्य अदालत कायमै राख्नुपर्ने उनको माग थियो । इलाका अदालत गठन पछि बझाङमा न्यायाधिश उत्तमकुमार पोखरेल आएका थिए । तर बझाङ पुगेका न्यायाधीश पोखरेललाई ओमजंगबहादुरले असहयोग गरेका थिए । ओमजंगले राज्य अदालतका कागजात न्यायाधीश पोखरेललाई नबुझाई बझाङ, झुटेडाको ज्यान मुद्दामा सिंह आफैँले फैसला गरेका थिए । ==राज्यको चौकिल्ला== पूर्व तर्फ बाजुरा, सान्नी, [[जुम्ला राज्य]] पश्चिम तर्फ [[डोटी राज्य]] दक्षिण तर्फ [[थलहरा राज्य]] उत्तरतर्फ तिब्बतको खोजरनाथ पुस्तक्याढुङ्गा र [[मानसरोवर]] ==राजाको वंश== * वंश : [[चन्द्रवंश|चन्द्रवंशी]] * गोत्र :[[कश्यप गोत्र]] ===राजाको वंशावली=== {| class="wikitable" | |'''चित्र''' |'''राजा''' |'''राज्यकाल सुरु''' |'''राज्यकाल अन्त्य''' |'''कैफियत''' |- |१ | |शक्तिसिंह |सस्थापक विसं १५०३ | | |- |२ | |सुजानसिंह | | | |- |३ | |भाउसिंह | | | |- |४ | |भीमसिंह | | | |- |५ | |पृथ्वीसिंह | | | |- |६ | |जितारीसिंह | | | |- |७ | |इन्द्रसिंह | | | |- |८ | |दिलीपसिंह | | | |- |९ | |महेन्द्रसिंह | | | |- |१० | |रतनीसिंह | | | |- |११ | |कल्याणसिंह | | | |- |१२ | |अमरसिंह | | | |- |१३ | |समुद्रसिंह | | | |- |१४ | |रघुनाथसिंह | | | |- |१५ | |गजराजसिंह | | | |- |१६ | |भूपेन्द्रसिंह | | | |- |१७ | |विक्रमबहादुरसिंह | | | |- |१८ | {| |- |[[चित्र:Jaya_Prithvi_Bahadur_Singh1.jpg|119x119px|[[जयपृथ्वीबहादुर सिंह]]]] |} |[[जयपृथ्वीबहादुर सिंह]] | | | |- |१९ | |देवीजङ्गबहादुरसिंह | | | |- |२० | |रामजङ्गबहादुरसिंह | | | |- |२१ | |ॐजङ्गबहादुरसिंह | | | |- |२२ | |ईश्वरीजङ्गबहादुरसिंह | | |माननीय न्यायाधीश |- |२३ | |दीपकजङ्गबहादुरसिंह |२०३० वैशाख २५ <ref>[http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/book/?ref=6161 नेपाल राजपत्र]</ref> | | |- |२४ | |विनोदविक्रमसिंह | |२०६५ जेठ १५ सम्म |[[ज्ञानेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|श्री ५ ज्ञानेन्द्र]]का भान्जा |} * ==अर्थतन्त्र == धुरीकर ६००० का अतिरिक्त ३६ कर, तिब्बतको व्यापार र खनिजको कर गर्दा वार्षिक २५००० भन्दा बढी आय थियो बझाङ राज्यमा त्यतिबेला ‘छत्तिासी–बत्तिासी’ कर प्रचलनमा थिए। नदीघाट, तुइन, फटके तर्न ‘जगातो’ तिर्नुपथ्र्यो। नदीमा माछा मार्दा ‘दहत्तार–बहत्तार’ लाग्थ्यो। बझाङ राज्यको आफ्नै मुद्रा भने थिएन। मुग्लानतिरका ‘फर्कवादी’, ‘लसकरी’, ‘हाली–बरेली’, ‘दिल्ली महमदशाही’, पटना–लषनौ ‘नजीमावादी’ चाँदीका मुद्रा बझाङमा प्रचलित थिए। राज्यको अर्थतन्त्र जनताबाट लिइने कर र दण्डकुण्डबाट असुलिने रैरकममा निर्भर थियो। सोही रकमबाट राज परिवारको भत्ता, खान्गीका साथै राज्यका कर्मचारीको तलब बेहोरिन्थ्यो। बझाङ राज्यमा त्यतिबेला ‘छत्तिसी–बत्तिसी’ कर प्रचलनमा थिए। नदीघाट, तुइन, फटके तर्न ‘जगातो’ तिर्नुपथ्र्यो। नदीमा माछा मार्दा ‘दहत्तर–बहत्तर’ लाग्थ्यो। ==प्रशासन== बझाङ राज्यको सर्वोच्च पदमा राजा थिए। राजालाई राजकाजमा राजकुमार, साहेबज्यू, चौतारिया, काजी, देवान, धर्माधिकारी, सरदार, हितहितान, रजबार, विन्त्यारु, नेव, देवान, छापदार, जिम्मुवाल–मुखियाले सघाउँथे। राजाका परामर्शदातामा चौतरियाको भूमिका हुन्थ्यो। मुख्तियार र चौतरियामा राजाका भाइभैयार्द नियुक्त हुन्थे। बझाङ राज्यका मन्त्रीलाई ‘अमात्य’ र सल्लाहकारलाई ‘हितान’ भनिन्थ्यो। दरा–गर्खाहरूको रखबारी भारदारहरूलाई दिइन्थ्यो। काजी (मन्त्री) सरहको अर्को पद ‘देवान’ हुन्थ्यो। देवानमा राजपरिवार निकटका व्यक्ति नियुक्त हुन्थे। रोकाया, कार्की, अधिकारी, अडै, खड्गा, बुढा, बुढथापा, थापा (क्षेत्री), राना (क्षेत्री), महतारा, भण्डारी विभिन्न पदमा हुन्थे। राजाको सेरा फाँट हेर्नेलाई ‘अडै’ भनिन्थ्यो। ‘अधिकारी’ले दरागर्खाको प्रशासन चलाउँथे। कर–राजस्व ‘कार्की’ले असुल्थे। राज्यस्तरका पदाधिकारी ' रोकाया ' र ‘महतारा’ हुन्थे। खड्का, राना, थापा, बुढा, बुढथापा सैन्यसेवामा हुन्थे। पछि यी पदहरू थरमा परिणत भएका थिए। दरा गर्खामा मालपोत असुली मुखिया र जिम्मुवालले गर्थे। सूचना आदानप्रदानमा ओखेडा (कटुवाल)लाई खटाइन्थ्यो। बिहे–व्रतबन्ध, दसैं–तिहारजस्ता उत्सवमा नगर्ची, औजी र भेरवालहरूले बढाइँ गर्थे। ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको इतिहास]] [[श्रेणी:बाइसे राज्यहरू]] [[श्रेणी:बझाङ जिल्ला]] p7d3foee9mz9ehecnggdo9p1hv3jv8a 10 114923 1355932 1285644 2026-05-19T07:48:48Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध |title = {{flagicon|Nepal}} [[नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |listclass = hlist |image = {{portal|नेपाल}} |groupstyle = padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; <!--reduces gap between wrapped groupname lines--> |group1 = अमेरिकी महाद्वीप |list1 = * [[नेपाल – अमेरिका सम्बन्ध|संयुक्त राज्य]] |group2 = एसिया |list2 = * [[Bangladesh–Nepal relations|Bangladesh]] * [[Bhutan–Nepal relations|Bhutan]] * [[नेपाल-चीन सम्बन्ध|चीन]] * [[नेपाल-भारत सम्बन्ध|भारत]] * [[नेपाल–इन्डोनेसिया सम्बन्ध|इन्डोनेसिया]] * [[इजरायल-नेपाल सम्बन्ध|इजरायल ]] * [[जापान-नेपाल सम्बन्ध|जापान]] * [[नेपाल-मलेसिया सम्बन्ध|मलेसिया]] * [[नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार]] * [[नेपाल-पाकिस्तान सम्बन्ध|पाकिस्तान]] |group3 = अन्य |list3 = * [[Denmark–Nepal relations|Denmark]] * [[Nepal – European Union relations|European Union]] * [[Holy See–Nepal relations|Holy See]] * [[Nepal–Norway relations|Norway]] * [[नेपाल-रुस सम्बन्ध|रुस]] * [[Nepal–Spain relations|Spain]] * [[नेपाल-बेलायत सम्बन्ध|संयुक्त अधिराज्य]] * [[एन्डोरा-नेपाल कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध|एन्डोरा]] |group4 = अन्तराष्ट्रिय<br/>सङ्गठनहरू |list4 = * [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास]] * [[South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme]] * [[दक्षिण एसियाली आर्थिक युनियन]] * [[सार्क]] * [[European Union-Nepal relations|European Union]] |group5 = सन्धिहरू |list5 = * [[दक्षिण एसियाली स्वतन्त्र व्यापार क्षेत्र]] * [[सुगौली सन्धि]] * [[बेलायत-भारत-नेपाल त्रिपक्षीय सम्झौता]] * [[भारत-नेपाल शान्ति तथा मैत्री सन्धि,१९५०]] * [[चीन-नेपाल शान्ति तथा मैत्री सन्धि]] |group6 = सम्बन्धित विषयहरू |list6 = * [[नेपालमा वैदेशिक सहयोग]] * [[नेपाली कूटनीतिक नियोगहरूको सूची|नेपाली कूटनीतिक नियोग]] * [[नेपालमा रहेका कुटनैतिक मिसनहरूको सूची|नेपालमा रहेका कुटनैतिक मिसनहरू]] * [[भुटानी शरणार्थी]] * [[नेपाली राष्ट्रियता कानुन]] * [[:श्रेणी:नेपाली कूटनीतिज्ञहरू|नेपाली कूटनीतिज्ञहरू]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Foreign relations of Nepal|τ]] [[Category:Nepal politics and government templates|Foreign relations]] [[Category:Foreign relations by country templates|Nepal]] </noinclude> [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] r8gkzmhqfw58fg80fs29wog2l6w84xa 1355939 1355932 2026-05-19T07:57:32Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध |title = {{flagicon|Nepal}} [[नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |listclass = hlist |image = {{portal|नेपाल}} |groupstyle = padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; <!--reduces gap between wrapped groupname lines--> |group1 = अमेरिकी महाद्वीप |list1 = * [[नेपाल – अमेरिका सम्बन्ध|संयुक्त राज्य]] |group2 = एसिया |list2 = * [[Bangladesh–Nepal relations|Bangladesh]] * [[Bhutan–Nepal relations|Bhutan]] * [[नेपाल-चीन सम्बन्ध|चीन]] * [[नेपाल-भारत सम्बन्ध|भारत]] * [[नेपाल–इन्डोनेसिया सम्बन्ध|इन्डोनेसिया]] * [[इजरायल-नेपाल सम्बन्ध|इजरायल ]] * [[जापान-नेपाल सम्बन्ध|जापान]] * [[नेपाल-मलेसिया सम्बन्ध|मलेसिया]] * [[नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार]] * [[नेपाल-पाकिस्तान सम्बन्ध|पाकिस्तान]] |group3 = अन्य |list3 = * [[Denmark–Nepal relations|Denmark]] * [[Nepal – European Union relations|European Union]] * [[Holy See–Nepal relations|Holy See]] * [[Nepal–Norway relations|Norway]] * [[नेपाल-रुस सम्बन्ध|रुस]] * [[Nepal–Spain relations|Spain]] * [[नेपाल-बेलायत सम्बन्ध|संयुक्त अधिराज्य]] * [[एन्डोरा-नेपाल कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध|एन्डोरा]] |group4 = अन्तराष्ट्रिय<br/>सङ्गठनहरू |list4 = * [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास]] * [[South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme]] * [[दक्षिण एसियाली आर्थिक युनियन]] * [[सार्क]] * [[European Union-Nepal relations|European Union]] |group5 = सन्धिहरू |list5 = * [[दक्षिण एसियाली स्वतन्त्र व्यापार क्षेत्र]] * [[सुगौली सन्धि]] * [[बेलायत-भारत-नेपाल त्रिपक्षीय सम्झौता]] * [[भारत-नेपाल शान्ति तथा मैत्री सन्धि,१९५०]] * [[चीन-नेपाल शान्ति तथा मैत्री सन्धि]] |group6 = सम्बन्धित विषयहरू |list6 = * [[नेपालमा वैदेशिक सहयोग]] * [[नेपाली कूटनीतिक नियोगहरूको सूची|नेपाली कूटनीतिक नियोग]] * [[नेपालमा रहेका कुटनैतिक मिसनहरूको सूची|नेपालमा रहेका कुटनैतिक मिसनहरू]] * [[भुटानी शरणार्थी]] * [[नेपाली राष्ट्रियता कानुन]] * [[:श्रेणी:नेपाली कूटनीतिज्ञहरू|नेपाली कूटनीतिज्ञहरू]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Foreign relations of Nepal|τ]] [[Category:Nepal politics and government templates|Foreign relations]] [[Category:Foreign relations by country templates|Nepal]] </noinclude> [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] cv0iw2fd4ws2uvkrzal7mlq4k3y40rq 1355963 1355939 2026-05-19T09:16:26Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध |title = {{flagicon|Nepal}} [[नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |listclass = hlist |image = {{portal|नेपाल}} |groupstyle = padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; <!--reduces gap between wrapped groupname lines--> |group1 = अमेरिकी महाद्वीप |list1 = * [[नेपाल – अमेरिका सम्बन्ध|संयुक्त राज्य]] |group2 = एसिया |list2 = * [[Bangladesh–Nepal relations|Bangladesh]] * [[Bhutan–Nepal relations|Bhutan]] * [[नेपाल-चीन सम्बन्ध|चीन]] * [[नेपाल-भारत सम्बन्ध|भारत]] * [[नेपाल–इन्डोनेसिया सम्बन्ध|इन्डोनेसिया]] * [[इजरायल-नेपाल सम्बन्ध|इजरायल ]] * [[जापान-नेपाल सम्बन्ध|जापान]] * [[नेपाल-मलेसिया सम्बन्ध|मलेसिया]] * [[नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार]] * [[नेपाल-पाकिस्तान सम्बन्ध|पाकिस्तान]] |group3 = अन्य |list3 = * [[Denmark–Nepal relations|Denmark]] * [[Nepal – European Union relations|European Union]] * [[Holy See–Nepal relations|Holy See]] * [[Nepal–Norway relations|Norway]] * [[नेपाल-रुस सम्बन्ध|रुस]] * [[Nepal–Spain relations|Spain]] * [[नेपाल-बेलायत सम्बन्ध|संयुक्त अधिराज्य]] * [[एन्डोरा-नेपाल कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध|एन्डोरा]] |group4 = अन्तराष्ट्रिय<br/>सङ्गठनहरू |list4 = * [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास]] * [[South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme]] * [[दक्षिण एसियाली आर्थिक युनियन]] * [[सार्क]] * [[European Union-Nepal relations|European Union]] |group5 = सन्धिहरू |list5 = * [[दक्षिण एसियाली स्वतन्त्र व्यापार क्षेत्र]] * [[सुगौली सन्धि]] * [[बेलायत-भारत-नेपाल त्रिपक्षीय सम्झौता]] * [[भारत-नेपाल शान्ति तथा मैत्री सन्धि,१९५०]] * [[चीन-नेपाल शान्ति तथा मैत्री सन्धि]] |group6 = सम्बन्धित विषयहरू |list6 = * [[नेपालमा वैदेशिक सहयोग]] * [[नेपाली कूटनीतिक नियोगहरूको सूची|नेपाली कूटनीतिक नियोग]] * [[नेपालमा रहेका कुटनैतिक मिसनहरूको सूची|नेपालमा रहेका कुटनैतिक मिसनहरू]] *[[नेपालमा शरणार्थी]] * [[भुटानी शरणार्थी]] * [[नेपाली राष्ट्रियता कानुन]] * [[:श्रेणी:नेपाली कूटनीतिज्ञहरू|नेपाली कूटनीतिज्ञहरू]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Foreign relations of Nepal|τ]] [[Category:Nepal politics and government templates|Foreign relations]] [[Category:Foreign relations by country templates|Nepal]] </noinclude> [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] c5fkj9mtm5tn3vzo7uf7hro7j6fgff9 0 115513 1355947 1318619 2026-05-19T08:15:07Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bilateral relations|Israel–Nepal|Israel|Nepal|map=Israel Nepal locator.svg|mission1=Embassy of Israel, [[Kathmandu]]|mission2=Embassy of Nepal, [[Tel Aviv]]}} '''इजरायल -नेपाल कुटनैतिक सम्बन्ध ''' १ जून १९६० मा स्थापित, [[इजरायल]] र [[नेपाल|नेपालबीचको]] सम्बन्ध होो। नेपााल इजरायलसँग कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध राख्ने पहिलो एसियाली देश हो। <ref name="MOFA1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateral/nepal-israel.php|title=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nepal|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208110633/http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateral/nepal-israel.php|archivedate=8 December 2009|accessdate=17 April 2017}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208110633/http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateral/nepal-israel.php |date=8 December 2009 }}</ref> <ref name="VISIT">[http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/About+the+Ministry/MFA+Spokesman/2007/Visit++of+Nepalese+Minister+for+Foreign+Affairs+12-Jul-2007.htm Visit to Israel of Honorable Mrs. Sahana Pradhan, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Nepal] Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Bilateral/Pages/Israel-Nepal-55-years-of-diplomatic-relations-8-Jul-2015.aspx|title=Israel-Nepal 55 years of diplomatic relations|publisher=mfa.gov.il|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629105329/http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Bilateral/Pages/Israel-Nepal-55-years-of-diplomatic-relations-8-Jul-2015.aspx|archivedate=29 June 2016|accessdate=2 September 2016}}</ref> == राजनीतिक सम्बन्ध == [[चित्र:King_of_Nepal_1958.jpg|right|thumb|222x222px| सन् १९५८ मा नेपालका राजा महेन्द्र (बायाँबाट दोस्रो) इजरायलको वेइज्मान विज्ञान संस्थानको भ्रमणमा थिए। ]] नेपाल र इजरायल बीच १ जुन १९६० मा कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध स्थापित भयो। <ref name="MOFA">Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nepal</ref> सम्बन्ध स्थापना भएदेखि नै नेपालले अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रूपमा इजरायललाई सहयोग पुर्‍याएको छ। इजरायलले मार्च १९६१ मा राजधानी [[काठमाडौँ|काठमाडौंमा]] आफ्नो दूतावास खोले। [[इजिप्ट|इजिप्टमा]] नेपाली राजदूत पहिलो पटक इजरायलमा मान्यता प्राप्त थिए। नेपालले इजरायलमा १९९३ मा नेपाली मानद वाणिज्य दूतावास र २२००७ मा दूतावास खोले। इजरायलमा हालका नेपाली राजदूत [[वैजनाथ|बैजनाथ]] थापालिया हुन् जसले मार्च १९ मार्च २०,०८ ष्ट्र पति पेरिस समक्ष आफ्नो ओहोदाको प्रस्तुत गरे। नेपालले १३ अगस्ट २००७ मा तेल अवीव, इजरायलमा आफ्नो दूतावास खोले। <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateralRelation/nepal-israel.php|title=Bilateral Relation of Nepal-Israel|publisher=www.mofa.gov.np|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111210225219/http://mofa.gov.np/bilateralRelation/nepal-israel.php|archivedate=10 December 2011|accessdate=2 September 2016}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111210225219/http://mofa.gov.np/bilateralRelation/nepal-israel.php |date=10 December 2011 }}</ref> == आर्थिक सहयोग == === प्रशिक्षण === === जनशक्ति === === व्यापार === === हवाइ सेवा === === प्रकोप राहत === == द्विपक्षीय भ्रमण == == सन्दर्भ == {{Reflist}} == यो पनि हेर्नुहोस् == {{ढाँचा:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} {{कमन्सश्रेणी|Relations of Israel and Nepal}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] kvw2amytewjs1nfdz0lhzbg0kc7zdvb 1355948 1355947 2026-05-19T08:16:24Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bilateral relations|इजरायल–नेपाल|इजरायल|नेपाल|map=Israel Nepal locator.svg|mission1=Embassy of Israel, [[Kathmandu]]|mission2=Embassy of Nepal, [[Tel Aviv]]}} '''इजरायल -नेपाल कुटनैतिक सम्बन्ध ''' १ जून १९६० मा स्थापित, [[इजरायल]] र [[नेपाल|नेपालबीचको]] सम्बन्ध होो। नेपााल इजरायलसँग कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध राख्ने पहिलो एसियाली देश हो। <ref name="MOFA1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateral/nepal-israel.php|title=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nepal|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208110633/http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateral/nepal-israel.php|archivedate=8 December 2009|accessdate=17 April 2017}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208110633/http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateral/nepal-israel.php |date=8 December 2009 }}</ref> <ref name="VISIT">[http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/About+the+Ministry/MFA+Spokesman/2007/Visit++of+Nepalese+Minister+for+Foreign+Affairs+12-Jul-2007.htm Visit to Israel of Honorable Mrs. Sahana Pradhan, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Nepal] Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Bilateral/Pages/Israel-Nepal-55-years-of-diplomatic-relations-8-Jul-2015.aspx|title=Israel-Nepal 55 years of diplomatic relations|publisher=mfa.gov.il|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629105329/http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Bilateral/Pages/Israel-Nepal-55-years-of-diplomatic-relations-8-Jul-2015.aspx|archivedate=29 June 2016|accessdate=2 September 2016}}</ref> == राजनीतिक सम्बन्ध == [[चित्र:King_of_Nepal_1958.jpg|right|thumb|222x222px| सन् १९५८ मा नेपालका राजा महेन्द्र (बायाँबाट दोस्रो) इजरायलको वेइज्मान विज्ञान संस्थानको भ्रमणमा थिए। ]] नेपाल र इजरायल बीच १ जुन १९६० मा कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध स्थापित भयो। <ref name="MOFA">Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nepal</ref> सम्बन्ध स्थापना भएदेखि नै नेपालले अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रूपमा इजरायललाई सहयोग पुर्‍याएको छ। इजरायलले मार्च १९६१ मा राजधानी [[काठमाडौँ|काठमाडौंमा]] आफ्नो दूतावास खोले। [[इजिप्ट|इजिप्टमा]] नेपाली राजदूत पहिलो पटक इजरायलमा मान्यता प्राप्त थिए। नेपालले इजरायलमा १९९३ मा नेपाली मानद वाणिज्य दूतावास र २२००७ मा दूतावास खोले। इजरायलमा हालका नेपाली राजदूत [[वैजनाथ|बैजनाथ]] थापालिया हुन् जसले मार्च १९ मार्च २०,०८ ष्ट्र पति पेरिस समक्ष आफ्नो ओहोदाको प्रस्तुत गरे। नेपालले १३ अगस्ट २००७ मा तेल अवीव, इजरायलमा आफ्नो दूतावास खोले। <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateralRelation/nepal-israel.php|title=Bilateral Relation of Nepal-Israel|publisher=www.mofa.gov.np|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111210225219/http://mofa.gov.np/bilateralRelation/nepal-israel.php|archivedate=10 December 2011|accessdate=2 September 2016}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111210225219/http://mofa.gov.np/bilateralRelation/nepal-israel.php |date=10 December 2011 }}</ref> == आर्थिक सहयोग == === प्रशिक्षण === === जनशक्ति === === व्यापार === === हवाइ सेवा === === प्रकोप राहत === == द्विपक्षीय भ्रमण == == सन्दर्भ == {{Reflist}} == यो पनि हेर्नुहोस् == {{ढाँचा:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} {{कमन्सश्रेणी|Relations of Israel and Nepal}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] qruenh53s41narvtmy9qbc8phhdr0nl 1355949 1355948 2026-05-19T08:18:44Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bilateral relations|इजरायल–नेपाल|इजरायल|नेपाल|map=Israel Nepal locator.svg|mission1=इजरायलको दूतावास, [[काठमाडौं]]|mission2=नेपाली दूतावास, [[तेल अभिभ]]}} '''इजरायल -नेपाल कुटनैतिक सम्बन्ध ''' १ जून १९६० मा स्थापित, [[इजरायल]] र [[नेपाल|नेपालबीचको]] सम्बन्ध होो। नेपााल इजरायलसँग कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध राख्ने पहिलो एसियाली देश हो। <ref name="MOFA1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateral/nepal-israel.php|title=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nepal|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208110633/http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateral/nepal-israel.php|archivedate=8 December 2009|accessdate=17 April 2017}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208110633/http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateral/nepal-israel.php |date=8 December 2009 }}</ref> <ref name="VISIT">[http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/About+the+Ministry/MFA+Spokesman/2007/Visit++of+Nepalese+Minister+for+Foreign+Affairs+12-Jul-2007.htm Visit to Israel of Honorable Mrs. Sahana Pradhan, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Nepal] Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Bilateral/Pages/Israel-Nepal-55-years-of-diplomatic-relations-8-Jul-2015.aspx|title=Israel-Nepal 55 years of diplomatic relations|publisher=mfa.gov.il|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629105329/http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Bilateral/Pages/Israel-Nepal-55-years-of-diplomatic-relations-8-Jul-2015.aspx|archivedate=29 June 2016|accessdate=2 September 2016}}</ref> == राजनीतिक सम्बन्ध == [[चित्र:King_of_Nepal_1958.jpg|right|thumb|222x222px| सन् १९५८ मा नेपालका राजा महेन्द्र (बायाँबाट दोस्रो) इजरायलको वेइज्मान विज्ञान संस्थानको भ्रमणमा थिए। ]] नेपाल र इजरायल बीच १ जुन १९६० मा कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध स्थापित भयो। <ref name="MOFA">Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nepal</ref> सम्बन्ध स्थापना भएदेखि नै नेपालले अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रूपमा इजरायललाई सहयोग पुर्‍याएको छ। इजरायलले मार्च १९६१ मा राजधानी [[काठमाडौँ|काठमाडौंमा]] आफ्नो दूतावास खोले। [[इजिप्ट|इजिप्टमा]] नेपाली राजदूत पहिलो पटक इजरायलमा मान्यता प्राप्त थिए। नेपालले इजरायलमा १९९३ मा नेपाली मानद वाणिज्य दूतावास र २२००७ मा दूतावास खोले। इजरायलमा हालका नेपाली राजदूत [[वैजनाथ|बैजनाथ]] थापालिया हुन् जसले मार्च १९ मार्च २०,०८ ष्ट्र पति पेरिस समक्ष आफ्नो ओहोदाको प्रस्तुत गरे। नेपालले १३ अगस्ट २००७ मा तेल अवीव, इजरायलमा आफ्नो दूतावास खोले। <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mofa.gov.np/bilateralRelation/nepal-israel.php|title=Bilateral Relation of Nepal-Israel|publisher=www.mofa.gov.np|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111210225219/http://mofa.gov.np/bilateralRelation/nepal-israel.php|archivedate=10 December 2011|accessdate=2 September 2016}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111210225219/http://mofa.gov.np/bilateralRelation/nepal-israel.php |date=10 December 2011 }}</ref> == आर्थिक सहयोग == === प्रशिक्षण === === जनशक्ति === === व्यापार === === हवाइ सेवा === === प्रकोप राहत === == द्विपक्षीय भ्रमण == == सन्दर्भ == {{Reflist}} == यो पनि हेर्नुहोस् == {{ढाँचा:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} {{कमन्सश्रेणी|Relations of Israel and Nepal}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] qvlarfb1pax38687vs5s8cv80hbhjn0 0 121843 1355950 1026529 2026-05-19T08:20:49Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355950 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bilateral relations|जापान–नेपाल|जापान|नेपाल|filetype=svg}} [[नेपाल]] र [[जापान]]बीच औपचारिक कूटनैतिक सम्बन्ध ({{lang-ja|日本とネパールの関係}}) सन १९५६ सेप्टेम्बर १ तारिकका दिन स्थापना भएको थियो। दुवै देशहरूमा आवासीय राजदूतावास स्थापना हुनु अगाडि [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] स्थित आ-आफ्नो राजदूतहरूलाई नै नेपाल तथा जापानका लागि पनि राजदूतका रुपमा नियुक्ति गरिएको थियो। यसप्रकार [[दमन शमशेर राणा]] तथा सेइजिरो योसिजावा दुई देशका आ-आफ्नो राजदूतहरू बनेका थिए। सन १९६५ मा जापानमा आवसीय नेपाली राजदूतावासको स्थापना भयो र भरतराज राजभण्डारीलाई राजदूतमा नियुक्ति गरियो। त्यसपछि सन १९६८ मा काठमाडौं पानीपोखरीमा पनि आवसीय जापानी राजदूतावासको स्थापना गरि हिदेमिची किरा राजदूतमा नियुक्ति भएको थियो। ==इतिहास== नेपालका तत्कालीन प्रधानमन्त्री [[देव शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|देव शमशेर]]को पालामा वि.सं. १९५८ (सन् १९०२) मा [[नेपाल सरकार]]ले खनिज, यान्त्रिकी, खरखजाना प्रविधि तथा कृषि क्षेत्र बारे अध्ययन गर्नका लागि आठजना नेपाली युवाहरूलाई जापान पठाउने निर्णय गरेको थियो। छनौट भएका नेपाली विद्यार्थीहरू ३ वर्षको अध्ययन पूरा गरेर जापानबाट सन् १९०५ मा नेपाल फर्केका थिए। छनौट भएका सबै युवाहरू १८ देखि २७ वर्ष उमेरका थिए र उनीहरूसँग १७ जना सेवकहरू पनि जापानबाट नेपाल आएका थिए। सन् १९०२ को अप्रिल महिनामा नेपालबाट प्रस्थान गरेर उनीहरू पानीजहाजको यात्रा गर्दै जुन १७ का दिन प्रथम नेपालीका रूपमा जापानको योकोहामा सहरमा आगमन गरेका थिए। उनीहरू जापान पुग्ने प्रथम नेपाली त थिए नै साथै तत्कालिन नेपाली शासकहरूले उच्च अध्ययनका लागि तेस्रो वैश्विक मुलुकमा पठाएका प्रथम नेपालीहरू पनि हुन पुगेका थिए। नेपालको विभिन्न क्षेत्रमा समग्र विकासको लागि एसियाली अनुभवबाट थप अनुभव र दक्षता लिने विश्वासका साथ उनीहरूलाई जापान पठाइएको थियो। उनीहरू सन् १९०५ मा ३ वर्षको अध्ययन पूरा गरी जापानबाट नेपाल फर्केका थिए। उनीहरू नेपाल फर्कदा निललहर, [[हलुवावेद]], [[कटुस]] र [[गोदावरी फूल|गोदावरी]] फूलका बिउ समेत सँगै ल्याएर नेपालमा रोपेका थिए। यसअघि नेपालमा यी वनस्पतिहरू पाइदैन थियो। आज यी [[वनस्पति]]हरू नेपालमा फूलिरहेका छन् जसलाई एक शताब्दी पहिले नेपाली विद्यार्थीहरूले समुद्रपारबाट आफ्ना यात्रा संस्मरण स्वरूप ल्याएका थिए। आज ती वनस्पतिहरू दुई देशबिचको जनस्तरीय मित्रताको सुरुवातका रूपमा लिन सकिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nepaljapan.com/04/30/492897/ |title=यी हुन् नेपाल भ्रमण गर्ने पहिलो जापानी र जापान भ्रमण गर्ने पहिलो नेपाली |website=नेपाल जापान |language=नेपाली |accessdate=2021-07-03}}</ref> ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} 9shd9imbsylwmyjxh5phglwjqhbm3lr 1355951 1355950 2026-05-19T08:22:09Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bilateral relations|Japan–Nepal|Japan|Nepal|filetype=svg}} [[नेपाल]] र [[जापान]]बीच औपचारिक कूटनैतिक सम्बन्ध ({{lang-ja|日本とネパールの関係}}) सन १९५६ सेप्टेम्बर १ तारिकका दिन स्थापना भएको थियो। दुवै देशहरूमा आवासीय राजदूतावास स्थापना हुनु अगाडि [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] स्थित आ-आफ्नो राजदूतहरूलाई नै नेपाल तथा जापानका लागि पनि राजदूतका रुपमा नियुक्ति गरिएको थियो। यसप्रकार [[दमन शमशेर राणा]] तथा सेइजिरो योसिजावा दुई देशका आ-आफ्नो राजदूतहरू बनेका थिए। सन १९६५ मा जापानमा आवसीय नेपाली राजदूतावासको स्थापना भयो र भरतराज राजभण्डारीलाई राजदूतमा नियुक्ति गरियो। त्यसपछि सन १९६८ मा काठमाडौं पानीपोखरीमा पनि आवसीय जापानी राजदूतावासको स्थापना गरि हिदेमिची किरा राजदूतमा नियुक्ति भएको थियो। ==इतिहास== नेपालका तत्कालीन प्रधानमन्त्री [[देव शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|देव शमशेर]]को पालामा वि.सं. १९५८ (सन् १९०२) मा [[नेपाल सरकार]]ले खनिज, यान्त्रिकी, खरखजाना प्रविधि तथा कृषि क्षेत्र बारे अध्ययन गर्नका लागि आठजना नेपाली युवाहरूलाई जापान पठाउने निर्णय गरेको थियो। छनौट भएका नेपाली विद्यार्थीहरू ३ वर्षको अध्ययन पूरा गरेर जापानबाट सन् १९०५ मा नेपाल फर्केका थिए। छनौट भएका सबै युवाहरू १८ देखि २७ वर्ष उमेरका थिए र उनीहरूसँग १७ जना सेवकहरू पनि जापानबाट नेपाल आएका थिए। सन् १९०२ को अप्रिल महिनामा नेपालबाट प्रस्थान गरेर उनीहरू पानीजहाजको यात्रा गर्दै जुन १७ का दिन प्रथम नेपालीका रूपमा जापानको योकोहामा सहरमा आगमन गरेका थिए। उनीहरू जापान पुग्ने प्रथम नेपाली त थिए नै साथै तत्कालिन नेपाली शासकहरूले उच्च अध्ययनका लागि तेस्रो वैश्विक मुलुकमा पठाएका प्रथम नेपालीहरू पनि हुन पुगेका थिए। नेपालको विभिन्न क्षेत्रमा समग्र विकासको लागि एसियाली अनुभवबाट थप अनुभव र दक्षता लिने विश्वासका साथ उनीहरूलाई जापान पठाइएको थियो। उनीहरू सन् १९०५ मा ३ वर्षको अध्ययन पूरा गरी जापानबाट नेपाल फर्केका थिए। उनीहरू नेपाल फर्कदा निललहर, [[हलुवावेद]], [[कटुस]] र [[गोदावरी फूल|गोदावरी]] फूलका बिउ समेत सँगै ल्याएर नेपालमा रोपेका थिए। यसअघि नेपालमा यी वनस्पतिहरू पाइदैन थियो। आज यी [[वनस्पति]]हरू नेपालमा फूलिरहेका छन् जसलाई एक शताब्दी पहिले नेपाली विद्यार्थीहरूले समुद्रपारबाट आफ्ना यात्रा संस्मरण स्वरूप ल्याएका थिए। आज ती वनस्पतिहरू दुई देशबिचको जनस्तरीय मित्रताको सुरुवातका रूपमा लिन सकिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nepaljapan.com/04/30/492897/ |title=यी हुन् नेपाल भ्रमण गर्ने पहिलो जापानी र जापान भ्रमण गर्ने पहिलो नेपाली |website=नेपाल जापान |language=नेपाली |accessdate=2021-07-03}}</ref> ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} 2jymel8gr1c6mq52hbp5cbgitssjfg6 1355952 1355951 2026-05-19T08:22:54Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bilateral relations|जापान-नेपाल|Japan|Nepal|filetype=svg}} [[नेपाल]] र [[जापान]]बीच औपचारिक कूटनैतिक सम्बन्ध ({{lang-ja|日本とネパールの関係}}) सन १९५६ सेप्टेम्बर १ तारिकका दिन स्थापना भएको थियो। दुवै देशहरूमा आवासीय राजदूतावास स्थापना हुनु अगाडि [[नयाँ दिल्ली]] स्थित आ-आफ्नो राजदूतहरूलाई नै नेपाल तथा जापानका लागि पनि राजदूतका रुपमा नियुक्ति गरिएको थियो। यसप्रकार [[दमन शमशेर राणा]] तथा सेइजिरो योसिजावा दुई देशका आ-आफ्नो राजदूतहरू बनेका थिए। सन १९६५ मा जापानमा आवसीय नेपाली राजदूतावासको स्थापना भयो र भरतराज राजभण्डारीलाई राजदूतमा नियुक्ति गरियो। त्यसपछि सन १९६८ मा काठमाडौं पानीपोखरीमा पनि आवसीय जापानी राजदूतावासको स्थापना गरि हिदेमिची किरा राजदूतमा नियुक्ति भएको थियो। ==इतिहास== नेपालका तत्कालीन प्रधानमन्त्री [[देव शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा|देव शमशेर]]को पालामा वि.सं. १९५८ (सन् १९०२) मा [[नेपाल सरकार]]ले खनिज, यान्त्रिकी, खरखजाना प्रविधि तथा कृषि क्षेत्र बारे अध्ययन गर्नका लागि आठजना नेपाली युवाहरूलाई जापान पठाउने निर्णय गरेको थियो। छनौट भएका नेपाली विद्यार्थीहरू ३ वर्षको अध्ययन पूरा गरेर जापानबाट सन् १९०५ मा नेपाल फर्केका थिए। छनौट भएका सबै युवाहरू १८ देखि २७ वर्ष उमेरका थिए र उनीहरूसँग १७ जना सेवकहरू पनि जापानबाट नेपाल आएका थिए। सन् १९०२ को अप्रिल महिनामा नेपालबाट प्रस्थान गरेर उनीहरू पानीजहाजको यात्रा गर्दै जुन १७ का दिन प्रथम नेपालीका रूपमा जापानको योकोहामा सहरमा आगमन गरेका थिए। उनीहरू जापान पुग्ने प्रथम नेपाली त थिए नै साथै तत्कालिन नेपाली शासकहरूले उच्च अध्ययनका लागि तेस्रो वैश्विक मुलुकमा पठाएका प्रथम नेपालीहरू पनि हुन पुगेका थिए। नेपालको विभिन्न क्षेत्रमा समग्र विकासको लागि एसियाली अनुभवबाट थप अनुभव र दक्षता लिने विश्वासका साथ उनीहरूलाई जापान पठाइएको थियो। उनीहरू सन् १९०५ मा ३ वर्षको अध्ययन पूरा गरी जापानबाट नेपाल फर्केका थिए। उनीहरू नेपाल फर्कदा निललहर, [[हलुवावेद]], [[कटुस]] र [[गोदावरी फूल|गोदावरी]] फूलका बिउ समेत सँगै ल्याएर नेपालमा रोपेका थिए। यसअघि नेपालमा यी वनस्पतिहरू पाइदैन थियो। आज यी [[वनस्पति]]हरू नेपालमा फूलिरहेका छन् जसलाई एक शताब्दी पहिले नेपाली विद्यार्थीहरूले समुद्रपारबाट आफ्ना यात्रा संस्मरण स्वरूप ल्याएका थिए। आज ती वनस्पतिहरू दुई देशबिचको जनस्तरीय मित्रताको सुरुवातका रूपमा लिन सकिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nepaljapan.com/04/30/492897/ |title=यी हुन् नेपाल भ्रमण गर्ने पहिलो जापानी र जापान भ्रमण गर्ने पहिलो नेपाली |website=नेपाल जापान |language=नेपाली |accessdate=2021-07-03}}</ref> ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} nzwvuktoowglqpmzc012r2a1pgqmoft 0 124706 1355908 1354392 2026-05-19T04:04:03Z ~2026-30023-21 78700 1355908 wikitext text/x-wiki {{छोटो विवरण|२०८२ देखि नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = <!-- [[WP:NCIN]] अनुसार यहाँ कुनै पनि शैली/शीर्षक नथप्नुहोस् --> | honorific_suffix = <!-- [[WP:NCIN]] अनुसार यहाँ कुनै पनि शैली/शीर्षक नथप्नुहोस् --> | name = बालेन शाह | native_name = | image = चित्र:Official portrait of Balen Shah, the Prime Minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.jpg | alt = चश्मा, कालो सुट ज्याकेट, कालो शर्ट र ढाका टोपी लगाएका शाहको तस्विर। | caption = शाहको आधिकारिक तस्वीर, २०८२ | office = [[नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री|नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री]] | term_start = १३ चैत २०८२ | term_end = | president = [[रामचन्द्र पौडेल]] | predecessor = [[सुशीला कार्की]] (अन्तरिम) {{Collapsed infobox section begin|थप मन्त्रालयहरू}} | 1blankname1 = मन्त्रालय र विभागहरू | 1namedata1 = * [[प्रधानमन्त्री तथा मन्त्रिपरिषदको कार्यालय (नेपाल)|प्रधानमन्त्री तथा मन्त्रिपरिषद्को कार्यालय]] * [[रक्षा मन्त्रालय (नेपाल)|रक्षा मन्त्रालय]] * [[गृह मन्त्रालय (नेपाल)|गृह मन्त्रालय]] | term_start1 = | term_end1 = १३ चैत २०८२ | predecessor1 = [[सुशीला कार्की]] (अन्तरिम) {{Collapsed infobox section end}} | office2 = [[प्रतिनिधि सभा (नेपाल)|प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य]] | term_start2 = १२ चैत २०८२ | term_end2 = | predecessor2 = [[खड्गप्रसाद ओली|केपी शर्मा ओली]] | constituency2 = [[झापा ५ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|झापा ५]] | office3 = [[काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख]] | term_start3 = २०७९ जेठ १६ | term_end3 = २०८२ माघ ४ | deputy3 = सुनिता डङ्गोल | predecessor3 = [[विद्यासुन्दर शाक्य]] | successor3 = [[सुनिता डङ्गोल]] (कार्यवाहक) | birth_name = बालेन्द्र शाह | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1990|04|27|df=y}} | birth_place = [[नरदेवी मन्दिर|नरदेवी]], [[काठमाडौँ]] | party = [[राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी]] (२०८२ देखि) | alma_mater = हिमालयन ह्वाइटहाउस इन्टरनेसनल कलेज ([[इन्जिनियरिङमा स्नातक|बिई]])<br>निट्टे मीनाक्षी इन्स्टिच्युट अफ टेक्नोलोजी ([[इन्जिनियरिङमा स्नातकोत्तर|एमटेक]]) | profession = {{hlist|राजनीतिज्ञ|र्‍र्‍यापर|स्ट्रक्चरल इन्जिनियर}} | spouse = {{marriage|सविना काफ्ले|2018}} | children = १ | parents = {{Plainlist| * डा. रामनारायण शाह (बुबा) * ध्रुवदेवी शाह (आमा) }} | signature = Signature of Balen Shah.svg | otherparty = [[स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ]] (२०७९–२०८२) }} '''बालेन्द्र शाह''' (जन्म: २०४७ वैशाख १४) जसलाई '''बालेन''' भनेर चिनिन्छन्, एक नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, स्ट्रक्चरल इन्जिनियर र र्‍यापर हुन्। उनी वि.सं २०८२ चैत १३ का दिनदेखि नेपालको ४३औँ [[नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री|प्रधानमन्त्री]]को रूपमा कार्यरत छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first=सेतोपाटी संवाददाता:|title=बालेन शाह प्रधानमन्त्री नियुक्त |url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/385188/ |access-date=2026-03-27 |website=सेतोपाटी |language=नेपाली}}</ref> उनी [[प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०८२]]मा [[राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी]]को विजयपछि [[नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री]] बनेका थिए। उनी नेपालको पहिलो [[मधेशी]] मूलका प्रधानमन्त्री हुन्। उनले यसअघि २०७९ देखि २०८२ सम्म [[काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिकाको १५औँ नगर प्रमुख]]का रूपमा सेवा गरेका थिए, जुन पद सम्हाल्ने उनी पहिलो [[स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ|स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवार]] थिए। [[स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन, २०७९]]मा शाह काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुखमा निर्वाचित भएका थिए। आफ्नो कार्यकालमा उनले फोहोर व्यवस्थापन र ट्राफिक व्यवस्थापनमा विभिन्न पहलहरू सुरु गरेका थिए। अनधिकृत संरचनाहरू भत्काउने, सुकुम्बासी बस्ती व्यवस्थापन र फुटपाथ व्यवसायीहरू विरुद्धको कारबाहीका कारण उनको प्रशासनले आलोचना र विवादको पनि सामना गर्नु परेको थियो। मेयरको रूपमा आफ्नो कार्यकालमा शाहले [[विशाल नेपाल]]को अवधारणालाई पनि प्रवद्र्धन गरेका थिए। शाह [[नेपालमा जेनजी आन्दोलन|जेनजी आन्दोलन]]को समयमा एक प्रमुख राजनीतिक व्यक्तित्वका रूपमा उदाएका थिए। २०८२ माघमा उनले काठमाडौँको मेयर पदबाट राजीनामा दिँदै [[राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी]]मा प्रवेश गरी प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०८२ पार्टीको प्रधानमन्त्री उम्मेदवारका रूपमा प्रतिस्पर्धा गरेका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/nepali/articles/cp37x5nny2no|title=बालेन र हर्कले दिए चुनावमा उठ्न राजीनामा, कानुनमा के छ? |last=|first=|language=नेपाली|date=२०८२ फागुन २३|website=[[बीबीसी नेपाली]]|accessdate=२०८२ चैत १२}}</ref> उनले [[झापा ५ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|झापा ५]] मा पूर्वप्रधानमन्त्री [[केपी शर्मा ओली]]लाई भारी मतले पराजित गर्दै आफ्नो पार्टीलाई ऐतिहासिक बहुमत दिलाउन सफल भएका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2026/03/1886502/balen-elected-in-jhapa-5-by-a-margin-of-about-50000-votes|title=झापा-५ मा ओलीसँग करिब ५० हजार मतान्तरले बालेन निर्वाचित |last=|first=|language=नेपाली|date=२०८२ फागुन २३|website=अनलाइन खबर|accessdate=२०८२ चैत १२}}</ref> == प्रारम्भिक जीवन == बालेन शाहको जन्म [[विक्रम सम्वत्|वि.सं.]] २०४७ वैशाख १४ गते नरदेवी, [[काठमाडौँ]]मा [[मधेशी]] परिवारमा भएको थियो र उनको [[नामकरण संस्कार|न्वारन]]को नाम बालेन्द्र शाह हो। उनी सुदी जातिका हुन्।<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://nagariknews.nagariknetwork.com/politics/835441-1653546559.html|title=काठमाडौँका ‘लेन’मा बालेन|last=बेलवासे|first=अस्मिता|date=१२ जेठ २०७९|website=नागरीक|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526131230/https://nagariknews.nagariknetwork.com/politics/835441-1653546559.html|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|dead-url=|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> उनी [[आयुर्वेद|आयुर्वेदिक]] चिकित्सक डा. रामनारायण शाह र उनकी दोस्रो पत्नी ध्रुवदेवी शाहका कान्छा छोरा हुन्।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gorkhapatraonline.com/news/13998|title=‘वालेन जितेर एक पटक गाउँ आऊ’|last=दास|first=महेशकुमार|date=११ जेठ २०७९|website=[[गोरखापत्र]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525162723/https://gorkhapatraonline.com/news/13998|archivedate=११ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/272342|title=काठमाडौँले पर्खिरहेको मेयर बालेन शाह|last=श्रेष्ठ|first=सुदीप|date=११ जेठ २०७९|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526161837/https://www.setopati.com/politics/272342|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526161837/https://www.setopati.com/politics/272342 |date=2022-05-26 }}</ref> बालेनको पुख्र्यौली घर [[महोत्तरी जिल्ला|महोत्तरी]] जिल्लाको [[एकडारा गाउँपालिका]]मा पर्दछ भने<ref name=":0" /> मामाघर [[धनुषा जिल्ला]]को जमुनिवास– ४ मा पर्दछ।<ref name=":0" /> शाहका हजुरबुवा मुनिलाल शाह एक जमिन्दार थिए।<ref name=":0" /> उनको परिवार अहिले [[त्रिभुवन अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय विमानस्थल|त्रिभुवन विमानस्थल]] नजिकै रहेको तीनकुनेको गैरीगाउँमा बस्छन्।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lokkalam.com/news/13051|title=काठमाडौँका मेयर उम्मेदवारले कहाँबाट गर्दैछन् मतदान ?|date=२९ वैशाख २०७९|website=लोक कलम|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526113524/https://lokkalam.com/news/13051|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> उनले ह्वाइट हाउस इन्स्टिच्युट अफ टेक्नोलोजीबाट [[सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङ]]मा स्नातक र भारतको [[कर्नाटक]]मा स्थित विश्वेश्वरय्या प्राविधिक विश्वविद्यालयबाट स्ट्रक्चरल इन्जिनियरिङमा स्नातकोत्तर गरेका छन्। उनी आफ्नो पेशाको क्रममा देशका ६५ वटा जिल्ला भ्रमण गरेको एक कार्यक्रममा बताएका थिए।<ref name=":1" /> [[विसं २०७२ को महाभूकम्प|२०७२ सालको महाभूकम्प]]पछि उनले उद्धार र राहतको काममा सक्रिय भएर समाजसेवीको रूपमा नक्सा बनाउने कार्य गरेका थिए।<ref name=":1" /> उनले सबिना काफ्लेसँग विवाह गरेका छन्। शाहकी श्रीमती पेसाले जनस्वास्थ्यकर्मी छिन्।<ref name=":3" /> ==साङ्गीतिक जीवन== सानैदेखि बालेनको रुचि सङ्गीत र कवितामा थियो।<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228|title=कालो चस्माभित्र लुकेका बालेन शाह|last=सत्याल|first=मनोज|date=१६ वैशाख २०७९|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526185828/https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526120434/https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228 |date=2022-05-26 }}</ref> उनले आफ्नो पहिलो गीत "सडक बालक" वि.सं. २०६९ मा गाएका थिए र याे गीत उनले कक्षा ९ मा हुँदा लेखेका थिए।<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://ekagaj.com/article/society/97791/|title=स्थापित दलका उम्मेदवारमाथि एक्लै भारी बनेका बालेन शाह|last=बजगाईं|first=सुरेन्द्र|date=१९ बैशाख २०७९|website=इकागज|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502135526/https://ekagaj.com/article/society/97791/|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526185851/https://ekagaj.com/article/society/97791/ |date=2022-05-26 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nepallive.com/story/268882|title=र्‍यापर बालेन काठमाडौँ मेयरको उम्मेदवार बन्ने घोषणा, कलाकारहरूको समर्थन|website=नेपाल लाइभ|publisher=१३ पुस २०७८|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526134938/https://nepallive.com/story/268882|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> == काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख == र्‍याप र इन्जिनियरिङसँगै उनले नेपालको राजनीतिमा पनि रुचि राखेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /> विवेकशील र [[साझा पार्टी]] छुट्टिएको बेला उनी विवेकशील पार्टीसम्म पुगेर काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुखको उम्मेदवारको रूपमा विवेकशीलबाट उठ्न चाहेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /> शाह सुरुमा [[विवेकशील नेपाली दल|विवेकशील पार्टी]]प्रति आकर्षित थिए।<ref name=":3" /> उनी त्यतिबेला गायकका रूपमा मात्र चिनिन्थे र विवेकशील पार्टीले उनलाई पार्टीमा आउन आग्रह गरेको थियो तर शाहले विवेकशीलको सदस्यता लिएनन्।<ref name=":3" /> उनले स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा चुनाव लड्ने तयारीमा लागेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/nepali/news-61566558|title=बालेनः स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवार बालेन्द्र शाह कसरी काठमाण्डू महानगरमा निर्वाचित भए, अब उनका चुनौती कस्ता|date=१३ जेठ, २०७९|website=बीबीसी नेपाली|accessdate=१३ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> शाहले [[स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन, २०७४]]मा मतदान गरेनन् र उनले वि.सं. २०७४ वैशाख ३१ गते आफ्नो [[फेसबुक]]मा "मैले आज भोट गरिनँ। म उम्मेदवार थिइनँ। मैले सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङमा स्नातक गरेँ, म स्ट्रक्चरल इन्जिनियरिङको मास्टर्सको आधा बाटोमा छुँ। मलाई देश बनाउन आउँछ। म अर्को पटक भोट गर्छु, र आफैँलाई भोट दिन्छु। म मेरो देशको विकास गर्छु। मलाई अरू कसैको भर लाग्दैन्"। भनी लेखेका थिए<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" /> उनले वि.सं. २०७९ वैशाखमा भएको [[स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन, २०७९]]मा [[काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिका निर्वाचन, २०७९|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिकाको मेयरको पदमा चुनाव लड्ने]] घोषणा गरेका थिए।<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/multimedia/261977|title=र्‍यापर बालेन शाह किन उठ्दैछन् काठमाडौँका मेयर? (भिडिओ)|last=राई|first=विवेक|date=२८ माघ २०७८|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526123219/https://www.setopati.com/multimedia/261977|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> शाहले आफु ९०,८३५ मत ल्याएर चुनाव जित्ने दावी गरेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /> [[काठमाडौँ|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिका]]को नगरप्रमुख पदमा स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारीले उनलाई थप चर्चामा ल्याएको थियो।<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2022/05/26/165352625609192175.html|title=परम्परागत राजनीतिमाथि बालेन–विद्रोह|last=दाहाल|first=मणि|date=१२ जेठ २०७९|website=कान्तिपुर|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> वैशाख ११ गते शाहले आधिकारिक रूपमा उम्मेदवारी दर्ता गरेका थिए र उनको विपक्षमा एमालेबाट [[केशव स्थापित]] र काङ्ग्रेसबाट सिर्जना सिंहले उम्मेदवारी दिएका थिए।<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/04/24/165078538093562386.html|title=काठमाडौँ महानगरको मेयरमा बालेन शाहद्वारा उम्मेदवारी दर्ता|date=११ वैशाख २०७९|website=कान्तिपुर|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526131339/https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/04/24/165078538093562386.html|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> उनलाई वैशाख १७ मा [[निर्वाचन आयोग (नेपाल)|निर्वाचन आयोग]]ले लौरो चुनाव चिह्न दिएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2022/04/1118516|title=बालेन शाह र अटेरीलाई लौरो चुनाव चिह्न|date=२०७९ वैशाख १७|website=अनलाइनखबर|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526115336/https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2022/04/1118516|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> वैशाख ३० गते सेतोपाटीले प्रकाशित गरेको मत सर्वेक्षणको अनुसार बालेनलाई नगरप्रमुख पदमा ४२% जनताले मतदान दिएको बताएका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/election/localelection/270502/|title=सेतोपाटी प्रक्षेपण: बालेन शाह चुनिने छन् काठमाडौँका मेयर|date=३० वैशाख २०७९|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526130123/https://www.setopati.com/election/localelection/270502/|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> वि.सं. २०७९ जेठ ११ गते उनको जित निश्चित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/05/25/165345808613167802.html|title=काठमाडौँको मेयरमा वालेन्द्र साहको जित सुनिश्चित|date=११ जेठ २०७९|website=कान्तिपुर|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526190113/https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/05/25/165345808613167802.html|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> वि.सं. २०७९ जेठ १२ गते बालेन [[काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख|काठमाडौँको नगरप्रमुख]]को कार्यालयमा निर्वाचित भए भने उपप्रमुखमा [[सुनिता डङ्गोल|सुनिता डङ्गोल]] निर्वाचित भएकी थिइन्।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/272420|title=काठमाडौँको मेयर बने बालेन शाह, उपमेयर सुनिता डङ्गोल|date=१२ जेठ २०७९|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526172752/https://www.setopati.com/politics/272420|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526172752/https://www.setopati.com/politics/272420 |date=2022-05-26 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/05/26/165356175313176522.html|title=वालेन्द्र बने काठमाडौँ महानगरको मेयर|date=१२ जेठ २०७९|website=कान्तिपुर|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526181552/https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/05/26/165356175313176522.html|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> == चुनावी इतिहास == === २०७९ काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिका निर्वाचन === {{मुख्य|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिका निर्वाचन, २०७९}} बालेन शाहले २०७७ देखि नै आफ्नो उम्मेदवारीको योजना बनाइरहेका थिए र २०७८ पुस २ मा उनले आफ्नो [[फेसबुक]] पेजमार्फत मेयरको स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा चुनाव लड्ने घोषणा गरेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /> उनको अभियान मुख्यतया [[फोहोर व्यवस्थापन]], [[ट्राफिक नियन्त्रण]], [[सार्वजनिक सेवा]] प्रवाह, [[भ्रष्टाचार विरोधी]] अभियान र सहरको [[सांस्कृतिक सम्पदा]] संरक्षणमा केन्द्रित थियो।<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=26 May 2022 |title='Balen' canes parties with the walking stick |url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2022/05/26/balen-canes-parties-with-the-walking-stick |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526151646/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2022/05/26/balen-canes-parties-with-the-walking-stick |archive-date=26 May 2022 |access-date=26 May 2022 |website=[[The Kathmandu Post]] |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='Balen, come to your home village after win' |url=https://risingnepaldaily.com/news/11721 |access-date=2026-03-19 |website=GorakhaPatra}}</ref> शाह २०७९ जेठ १२ मा कुल खसेको मतको ३८.६% मत प्राप्त गरी निर्वाचित भएका थिए। उनले [[नेपाली काङ्ग्रेस]]की उम्मेदवार सिर्जना श्रेष्ठ र पूर्व मेयर तथा [[नेकपा (एमाले)]]का उम्मेदवार [[केशव स्थापित]]लाई २३,००० भन्दा बढी मतको अन्तरले पराजित गरेका थिए।<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=26 May 2022 |title='लौरो' बोकेर बालेन बने काठमाण्डू महानगर प्रमुख, को हुन् उनको विजयका सारथि |url=https://www.bbc.com/nepali/news-61566558 |website=बीबीसी नेपाली |language=ne}}</ref> शाहले २०७९ जेठ १६ मा मेयरको रूपमा पद तथा गोपनीयताको शपथ लिएका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2022 |title=KMC Mayor Balen Shah takes oath of office and secrecy |url=https://english.khabarhub.com/2022/30/254867/ |website=Khabarhub |language=en}}</ref> {{Election box begin|title=नगर प्रमुखको निर्वाचन परिणाम}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ|candidate=बालेन्द्र शाह|votes=61767|percentage=३८.६%|change=''नयाँ''}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=नेपाली काङ्ग्रेस|candidate=सिर्जना सिंह|votes=३८,३४१|percentage=२४.०%|change=+१.१%|}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=नेकपा (एमाले)|candidate=केशव स्थापित |votes=३८,११७|percentage=२३.८%|change=-९.१%}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ|candidate=सुमन सायमी |votes=१३,७७०|percentage=८.६%|change=''नयाँ''|}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=राष्ट्रिय प्रजातन्त्र पार्टी|candidate=मदनदास श्रेष्ठ|votes=५,७७०|percentage=३.६%|change=''नयाँ''|}} {{Election box candidate||party=अन्य|candidate=|votes=२,१४१|percentage=१.३%|change=}} {{Election box total valid||votes=१५९,९०६|percentage=|change=}} {{Election box rejected||votes=३१,२८०|percentage=|change=}} {{Election box turnout||votes=१९१,१८६|percentage=६३.६८%|change=-९.०४%}} {{Election box registered electors||reg. electors=३००,३४२|ref=<ref name="voter">{{cite web |title=प्रेस विज्ञप्ति |url=https://election.gov.np/admin/public//storage/Local%20Election/Press%20Release/Press%20Release.pdf |website=Election Commission, Nepal|language=ne |access-date=26 May 2022}}</ref>|change=+१०.७%}} {{Election box end}} === २०८२ झापा–५ संसदीय निर्वाचन === काठमाडौँको मेयरको रूपमा आफ्नो कार्यकाल पूरा नगरी, शाहले माघ २०८२ मा मेयर पदबाट राजीनामा दिँदै [[राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी]] (रास्वपा) मा प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनी [[प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०८२]] लागि पार्टीको प्रधानमन्त्री उम्मेदवार बनेका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2026 |title=RSP's Balen Shah receives victory certificate |url=https://english.khabarhub.com/2026/07/538254/ |website=Khabarhub}}</ref> शाहले [[झापा ५ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|झापा निर्वाचन क्षेत्र नं. ५]] बाट उम्मेदवारी दिए, जहाँ उनले चार पटकका पूर्वप्रधानमन्त्री तथा [[नेकपा (एमाले)]]का अध्यक्ष [[केपी शर्मा ओली]]लाई चुनौती दिएका थिए। ओलीले [[संविधान सभा निर्वाचन, २०६४|२०६४]] बाहेक त्यस क्षेत्रबाट हरेक निर्वाचन जित्दै आएका थिए। शाह २०८२ फागुन २३ मा झापा–५ बाट [[प्रतिनिधि सभा (नेपाल)|प्रतिनिधि सभा]] सदस्यमा आधिकारिक रूपमा निर्वाचित भएका थिए। [[निर्वाचन आयोग (नेपाल)|निर्वाचन आयोग]]ले सार्वजनिक गरेको अन्तिम नतिजा अनुसार शाहले ६८,३४८ मत प्राप्त गरेका थिए जुन नेपालको संसदीय निर्वाचनको इतिहासमा कुनै पनि उम्मेदवारले प्राप्त गरेको अहिलेसम्मकै उच्च मत हो। उनले ओलीले [[प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०७४|२०७४]] मा सोही क्षेत्रमा कायम गरेको ५७,१३९ मतको रेकर्ड तोडेका थिए।<ref name="khabarhub2026">{{Cite web |date=7 March 2026 |title=RSP's Balen Shah receives victory certificate after landslide win in Jhapa-5 |url=https://english.khabarhub.com/2026/07/538254/ |access-date=7 March 2026 |website=Khabarhub}}</ref><ref name="khoj2026">{{Cite web |date=7 March 2026 |title=Balen Shah Wins Jhapa-5 with Record 68,348 Votes, Defeats Former PM KP Sharma Oli |url=https://khojsamachar.com/balen-shah-jhapa-5-record-votes-defeats-kp-sharma-oli/ |access-date=7 March 2026 |website=Khoj Samachar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Beech |first=Hannah |last2=Ghimire |first2=Binod |last3=Pradhan |first3=Sajal |date=2026-03-10 |title=Who Is Balendra Shah, the Rapper Set to Be Nepal’s Next Prime Minister? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/09/world/asia/balendra-shah-nepal-prime-minister.html |access-date=2026-03-10 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ओलीले १८,७३४ मत प्राप्त गरेका थिए जस अनुसार शाह ४९,६१४ मतान्तरले विजयी भएका थिए। {{Election box begin|title=संसदीय निर्वाचन परिणाम}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी|candidate=बालेन्द्र शाह|votes=68,348|percentage=६६.७९%|change=+५४.२७%}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=नेकपा (एमाले)|candidate=[[केपी शर्मा ओली]]|votes=१८,७३४|percentage=१८.३१%|change=-३७.३%}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=श्रम संस्कृति पार्टी|candidate=समिर तामाङ|votes=९,२३३|percentage=९.०२%|change=''नयाँ''}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=नेपाली काङ्ग्रेस|candidate=मन्धरा चिमरिया|votes=१,८२१|percentage=१.७८%|change=-२३.५१%}} {{Election box candidate||party=अन्य|candidate=|votes=४,२०२|percentage=४.१०%|change=-२.३६%}} {{Election box total valid||votes=१२०,३३८|percentage=|change=}} {{Election box rejected||votes=४,२३०|percentage=|change=}} {{Election box turnout||votes=१०६,५६८|percentage=६३.६८%|change=}} {{Election box registered electors||reg. electors=१६३,३७९|ref=|change=}} {{Election box end}} == व्यक्तिगत जीवन == शाहले जनस्वास्थ्य विशेषज्ञ सविना काफ्लेसँग विवाह गरेका थिए।<ref name=":269228" /> उनी आफ्नी पत्नी र छोरीका साथ काठमाडौँको तीनकुने, गैरीगाउँमा बस्छन्।<ref name=":269228">{{Cite web |last=सत्याल |first=मनोज |date=29 April 2022 |title=कालो चस्माभित्र लुकेका बालेन शाह |url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526185828/https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228/ |archive-date=26 May 2022 |access-date=26 May 2022 |website=सेतोपाटी |language=नेपाली }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526185828/https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228/ |date=26 May 2022 }}</ref> == सम्मान तथा पहिचान == सन् २०२३ मा प्रतिष्ठित ''[[टाइम (पत्रिका)|टाइम]]'' पत्रिकाले शाहलाई आफ्नो विश्वका १०० प्रभावशाली उदीयमान व्यक्तिहरूको सूचीमा समावेश गरेपछि उनले अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रूपमा चर्चा प्राप्त गरेका थिए।<ref>{{cite web |title=TIME100 Next 2023: Balendra Shah |url=https://time.com/collection/time100-next-2023/6311766/balendra-shah/ |publisher=Time |date=2023-09-13 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> एक स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा उनको विजयलाई राजनीतिक विश्लेषकहरूले नेपालका स्थापित राजनीतिक दलहरूको वर्चस्वका लागि एक ठूलो चुनौती र "बालेन प्रभाव"को रूपमा व्याख्या गरेका थिए।<ref>{{cite web |title=Balen Shah's victory and what it means for Nepal's politics |url=https://kathmandupost.com/politics/2022/05/20/balen-shah-s-victory-and-what-it-means-for-nepal-s-politics |publisher=The Kathmandu Post |date=2022-05-20}}</ref> == गीतहरू == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" ! scope="col" |गीत ! scope="col" |टिप्पणीहरू ! scope="col" |वर्ष ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |सन्दर्भ |- !'''जय महाकाली''' | |सन् २०२६ |<ref>{{Citation |last=Balen |title=BALEN - JAY MAHAKAALI (Swapnil, Chronic Beatz, Foeseal) |date=2026-03-26 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yse0H0mXEuQ |access-date=2026-03-27}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"सबै लाई हतार छ" | |सन् २०२१ | |- ! scope="row" |"स्टे ट्रु" | |सन् २०२१ | |- ! scope="row" |"बलिदान" | |सन् २०२० | |- ! scope="row" |"लोकल ठिटो" | |सन् २०२० | |- ! scope="row" |"सावेज" | |सन् २०२० | |- ! scope="row" |"आस्तिक" | |सन् २०२० | |- ! scope="row" |"गोर्खाली तोप" | |सन् २०१९ | |- ! scope="row" |"मार्फाको मदिरा" | |सन् २०१९ | |- ! scope="row" |"मन यो उड्यो" | |सन् २०१६ | |- ! scope="row" |"नेपाल हासेको" | |सन् २०१५ | |- ! scope="row" |"आम नेपाली बुवा" | |सन् २०१३ | |- ! scope="row" |"तथ्य" | |सन् २०१३ | |- ! scope="row" |"सडक बालक" |पहिलो गीत |सन् २०१२ | |} == सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू == {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == बाह्य कडीहरू == {{wikiquote}} {{Commons category}} * {{IMDb name|nm14014835}} {{s-start}} {{s-par|np-lwr}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[केपी शर्मा ओली]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[झापा ५ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|झापा ५]] का लागि प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य|years=वि.सं २०८२–वर्तमान}} {{s-inc}} |- {{s-off}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[सुशीला कार्की]]<br />{{small|अन्तरिम}}}} {{s-ttl|title=[[नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरूको सूची|नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री]]|years=वि.सं २०८२–वर्तमान}} {{s-inc}} |- {{s-bef | before = [[विद्यासुन्दर शाक्य]] }} {{s-ttl | title = [[काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिकाको प्रमुख]] | years = २०२२–२०२६ }} {{s-aft | after = [[सुनिता डङ्गोल]]<br />{{small|कार्यवाहक}}}} {{s-end}} {{नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरू}} {{वर्तमान सार्क नेताहरू}} [[श्रेणी:नेपाली र्‍यापरहरू]] [[श्रेणी:सन् १९९० मा जन्म]] [[श्रेणी:नेपाली भाषाका गायकहरू]] [[श्रेणी:काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिकाका नगरप्रमुखहरू]] [[श्रेणी:नेपाली हिन्दुहरू]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालका स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञहरू]] [[श्रेणी:राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टीका राजनीतिज्ञहरू]] [[श्रेणी:जीवित मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालका सांसदहरू २०८२–]] [[श्रेणी:२१औँ शताब्दीका नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरू]] ee64ib1632yotcvot2woh5mx0iliqqc 1355909 1355908 2026-05-19T04:05:06Z ~2026-30023-21 78700 [[Special:Contributions/~2026-30023-21|~2026-30023-21]] ([[User talk:~2026-30023-21|वार्ता]])द्वारा [[Special:Diff/1355908|1355908]] संशोधनलाई खारेज गरियो 1355909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{छोटो विवरण|२०८२ देखि नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = <!-- [[WP:NCIN]] अनुसार यहाँ कुनै पनि शैली/शीर्षक नथप्नुहोस् --> | honorific_suffix = <!-- [[WP:NCIN]] अनुसार यहाँ कुनै पनि शैली/शीर्षक नथप्नुहोस् --> | name = बालेन शाह | native_name = {{nobold|बालेन्द्र शाह}} | image = | alt = चश्मा, कालो सुट ज्याकेट, कालो शर्ट र ढाका टोपी लगाएका शाहको तस्विर। | caption = शाहको आधिकारिक तस्वीर, २०८२ | office = [[नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री|नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री]] | term_start = १३ चैत २०८२ | term_end = | president = [[रामचन्द्र पौडेल]] | predecessor = [[सुशीला कार्की]] (अन्तरिम) {{Collapsed infobox section begin|थप मन्त्रालयहरू}} | 1blankname1 = मन्त्रालय र विभागहरू | 1namedata1 = * [[प्रधानमन्त्री तथा मन्त्रिपरिषदको कार्यालय (नेपाल)|प्रधानमन्त्री तथा मन्त्रिपरिषद्को कार्यालय]] * [[रक्षा मन्त्रालय (नेपाल)|रक्षा मन्त्रालय]] * [[गृह मन्त्रालय (नेपाल)|गृह मन्त्रालय]] | term_start1 = | term_end1 = १३ चैत २०८२ | predecessor1 = [[सुशीला कार्की]] (अन्तरिम) {{Collapsed infobox section end}} | office2 = [[प्रतिनिधि सभा (नेपाल)|प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य]] | term_start2 = १२ चैत २०८२ | term_end2 = | predecessor2 = [[खड्गप्रसाद ओली|केपी शर्मा ओली]] | constituency2 = [[झापा ५ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|झापा ५]] | office3 = [[काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख]] | term_start3 = २०७९ जेठ १६ | term_end3 = २०८२ माघ ४ | deputy3 = सुनिता डङ्गोल | predecessor3 = [[विद्यासुन्दर शाक्य]] | successor3 = [[सुनिता डङ्गोल]] (कार्यवाहक) | birth_name = बालेन्द्र शाह | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1990|04|27|df=y}} | birth_place = [[काठमाडौँ]], नेपाल | party = [[राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी]] | alma_mater = हिमालयन ह्वाइटहाउस इन्टरनेसनल कलेज ([[इन्जिनियरिङमा स्नातक|बिई]])<br>निट्टे मीनाक्षी इन्स्टिच्युट अफ टेक्नोलोजी, कर्नाटक (भारत) ([[इन्जिनियरिङमा स्नातकोत्तर|एमटेक]]) | profession = {{hlist|राजनीतिज्ञ|र्‍र्‍यापर|स्ट्रक्चरल इन्जिनियर}} | spouse = {{marriage|सविना काफ्ले|2018}} | children = १ | parents = {{ubl|रामनारायण शाह|ध्रुवदेवी शाह}} | signature = Signature of Balen Shah.svg }} '''बालेन्द्र शाह''' (जन्म: २०४७ वैशाख १४) जसलाई '''बालेन''' भनेर चिनिन्छन्, एक नेपाली राजनीतिज्ञ, स्ट्रक्चरल इन्जिनियर र र्‍यापर हुन्। उनी वि.सं २०८२ चैत १३ का दिनदेखि नेपालको ४३औँ [[नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री|प्रधानमन्त्री]]को रूपमा कार्यरत छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first=सेतोपाटी संवाददाता:|title=बालेन शाह प्रधानमन्त्री नियुक्त |url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/385188/ |access-date=2026-03-27 |website=सेतोपाटी |language=नेपाली}}</ref> उनी [[प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०८२]]मा [[राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी]]को विजयपछि [[नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री]] बनेका थिए। उनी नेपालको पहिलो [[मधेशी]] मूलका प्रधानमन्त्री हुन्। उनले यसअघि २०७९ देखि २०८२ सम्म [[काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिकाको १५औँ नगर प्रमुख]]का रूपमा सेवा गरेका थिए, जुन पद सम्हाल्ने उनी पहिलो [[स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ|स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवार]] थिए। [[स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन, २०७९]]मा शाह काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुखमा निर्वाचित भएका थिए। आफ्नो कार्यकालमा उनले फोहोर व्यवस्थापन र ट्राफिक व्यवस्थापनमा विभिन्न पहलहरू सुरु गरेका थिए। अनधिकृत संरचनाहरू भत्काउने, सुकुम्बासी बस्ती व्यवस्थापन र फुटपाथ व्यवसायीहरू विरुद्धको कारबाहीका कारण उनको प्रशासनले आलोचना र विवादको पनि सामना गर्नु परेको थियो। मेयरको रूपमा आफ्नो कार्यकालमा शाहले [[विशाल नेपाल]]को अवधारणालाई पनि प्रवद्र्धन गरेका थिए। शाह [[नेपालमा जेनजी आन्दोलन|जेनजी आन्दोलन]]को समयमा एक प्रमुख राजनीतिक व्यक्तित्वका रूपमा उदाएका थिए। २०८२ माघमा उनले काठमाडौँको मेयर पदबाट राजीनामा दिँदै [[राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी]]मा प्रवेश गरी प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०८२ पार्टीको प्रधानमन्त्री उम्मेदवारका रूपमा प्रतिस्पर्धा गरेका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/nepali/articles/cp37x5nny2no|title=बालेन र हर्कले दिए चुनावमा उठ्न राजीनामा, कानुनमा के छ? |last=|first=|language=नेपाली|date=२०८२ फागुन २३|website=[[बीबीसी नेपाली]]|accessdate=२०८२ चैत १२}}</ref> उनले [[झापा ५ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|झापा ५]] मा पूर्वप्रधानमन्त्री [[केपी शर्मा ओली]]लाई भारी मतले पराजित गर्दै आफ्नो पार्टीलाई ऐतिहासिक बहुमत दिलाउन सफल भएका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2026/03/1886502/balen-elected-in-jhapa-5-by-a-margin-of-about-50000-votes|title=झापा-५ मा ओलीसँग करिब ५० हजार मतान्तरले बालेन निर्वाचित |last=|first=|language=नेपाली|date=२०८२ फागुन २३|website=अनलाइन खबर|accessdate=२०८२ चैत १२}}</ref> == प्रारम्भिक जीवन == बालेन शाहको जन्म [[विक्रम सम्वत्|वि.सं.]] २०४७ वैशाख १४ गते नरदेवी, [[काठमाडौँ]]मा [[मधेशी]] परिवारमा भएको थियो र उनको [[नामकरण संस्कार|न्वारन]]को नाम बालेन्द्र शाह हो। उनी सुदी जातिका हुन्।<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://nagariknews.nagariknetwork.com/politics/835441-1653546559.html|title=काठमाडौँका ‘लेन’मा बालेन|last=बेलवासे|first=अस्मिता|date=१२ जेठ २०७९|website=नागरीक|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526131230/https://nagariknews.nagariknetwork.com/politics/835441-1653546559.html|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|dead-url=|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> उनी [[आयुर्वेद|आयुर्वेदिक]] चिकित्सक डा. रामनारायण शाह र उनकी दोस्रो पत्नी ध्रुवदेवी शाहका कान्छा छोरा हुन्।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gorkhapatraonline.com/news/13998|title=‘वालेन जितेर एक पटक गाउँ आऊ’|last=दास|first=महेशकुमार|date=११ जेठ २०७९|website=[[गोरखापत्र]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525162723/https://gorkhapatraonline.com/news/13998|archivedate=११ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/272342|title=काठमाडौँले पर्खिरहेको मेयर बालेन शाह|last=श्रेष्ठ|first=सुदीप|date=११ जेठ २०७९|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526161837/https://www.setopati.com/politics/272342|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526161837/https://www.setopati.com/politics/272342 |date=2022-05-26 }}</ref> बालेनको पुख्र्यौली घर [[महोत्तरी जिल्ला|महोत्तरी]] जिल्लाको [[एकडारा गाउँपालिका]]मा पर्दछ भने<ref name=":0" /> मामाघर [[धनुषा जिल्ला]]को जमुनिवास– ४ मा पर्दछ।<ref name=":0" /> शाहका हजुरबुवा मुनिलाल शाह एक जमिन्दार थिए।<ref name=":0" /> उनको परिवार अहिले [[त्रिभुवन अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय विमानस्थल|त्रिभुवन विमानस्थल]] नजिकै रहेको तीनकुनेको गैरीगाउँमा बस्छन्।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lokkalam.com/news/13051|title=काठमाडौँका मेयर उम्मेदवारले कहाँबाट गर्दैछन् मतदान ?|date=२९ वैशाख २०७९|website=लोक कलम|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526113524/https://lokkalam.com/news/13051|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> उनले ह्वाइट हाउस इन्स्टिच्युट अफ टेक्नोलोजीबाट [[सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङ]]मा स्नातक र भारतको [[कर्नाटक]]मा स्थित विश्वेश्वरय्या प्राविधिक विश्वविद्यालयबाट स्ट्रक्चरल इन्जिनियरिङमा स्नातकोत्तर गरेका छन्। उनी आफ्नो पेशाको क्रममा देशका ६५ वटा जिल्ला भ्रमण गरेको एक कार्यक्रममा बताएका थिए।<ref name=":1" /> [[विसं २०७२ को महाभूकम्प|२०७२ सालको महाभूकम्प]]पछि उनले उद्धार र राहतको काममा सक्रिय भएर समाजसेवीको रूपमा नक्सा बनाउने कार्य गरेका थिए।<ref name=":1" /> उनले सबिना काफ्लेसँग विवाह गरेका छन्। शाहकी श्रीमती पेसाले जनस्वास्थ्यकर्मी छिन्।<ref name=":3" /> ==साङ्गीतिक जीवन== सानैदेखि बालेनको रुचि सङ्गीत र कवितामा थियो।<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228|title=कालो चस्माभित्र लुकेका बालेन शाह|last=सत्याल|first=मनोज|date=१६ वैशाख २०७९|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526185828/https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526120434/https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228 |date=2022-05-26 }}</ref> उनले आफ्नो पहिलो गीत "सडक बालक" वि.सं. २०६९ मा गाएका थिए र याे गीत उनले कक्षा ९ मा हुँदा लेखेका थिए।<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://ekagaj.com/article/society/97791/|title=स्थापित दलका उम्मेदवारमाथि एक्लै भारी बनेका बालेन शाह|last=बजगाईं|first=सुरेन्द्र|date=१९ बैशाख २०७९|website=इकागज|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502135526/https://ekagaj.com/article/society/97791/|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526185851/https://ekagaj.com/article/society/97791/ |date=2022-05-26 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nepallive.com/story/268882|title=र्‍यापर बालेन काठमाडौँ मेयरको उम्मेदवार बन्ने घोषणा, कलाकारहरूको समर्थन|website=नेपाल लाइभ|publisher=१३ पुस २०७८|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526134938/https://nepallive.com/story/268882|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> == काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख == र्‍याप र इन्जिनियरिङसँगै उनले नेपालको राजनीतिमा पनि रुचि राखेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /> विवेकशील र [[साझा पार्टी]] छुट्टिएको बेला उनी विवेकशील पार्टीसम्म पुगेर काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुखको उम्मेदवारको रूपमा विवेकशीलबाट उठ्न चाहेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /> शाह सुरुमा [[विवेकशील नेपाली दल|विवेकशील पार्टी]]प्रति आकर्षित थिए।<ref name=":3" /> उनी त्यतिबेला गायकका रूपमा मात्र चिनिन्थे र विवेकशील पार्टीले उनलाई पार्टीमा आउन आग्रह गरेको थियो तर शाहले विवेकशीलको सदस्यता लिएनन्।<ref name=":3" /> उनले स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा चुनाव लड्ने तयारीमा लागेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/nepali/news-61566558|title=बालेनः स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवार बालेन्द्र शाह कसरी काठमाण्डू महानगरमा निर्वाचित भए, अब उनका चुनौती कस्ता|date=१३ जेठ, २०७९|website=बीबीसी नेपाली|accessdate=१३ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> शाहले [[स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन, २०७४]]मा मतदान गरेनन् र उनले वि.सं. २०७४ वैशाख ३१ गते आफ्नो [[फेसबुक]]मा "मैले आज भोट गरिनँ। म उम्मेदवार थिइनँ। मैले सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङमा स्नातक गरेँ, म स्ट्रक्चरल इन्जिनियरिङको मास्टर्सको आधा बाटोमा छुँ। मलाई देश बनाउन आउँछ। म अर्को पटक भोट गर्छु, र आफैँलाई भोट दिन्छु। म मेरो देशको विकास गर्छु। मलाई अरू कसैको भर लाग्दैन्"। भनी लेखेका थिए<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" /> उनले वि.सं. २०७९ वैशाखमा भएको [[स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन, २०७९]]मा [[काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिका निर्वाचन, २०७९|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिकाको मेयरको पदमा चुनाव लड्ने]] घोषणा गरेका थिए।<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/multimedia/261977|title=र्‍यापर बालेन शाह किन उठ्दैछन् काठमाडौँका मेयर? (भिडिओ)|last=राई|first=विवेक|date=२८ माघ २०७८|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526123219/https://www.setopati.com/multimedia/261977|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> शाहले आफु ९०,८३५ मत ल्याएर चुनाव जित्ने दावी गरेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /> [[काठमाडौँ|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिका]]को नगरप्रमुख पदमा स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारीले उनलाई थप चर्चामा ल्याएको थियो।<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2022/05/26/165352625609192175.html|title=परम्परागत राजनीतिमाथि बालेन–विद्रोह|last=दाहाल|first=मणि|date=१२ जेठ २०७९|website=कान्तिपुर|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> वैशाख ११ गते शाहले आधिकारिक रूपमा उम्मेदवारी दर्ता गरेका थिए र उनको विपक्षमा एमालेबाट [[केशव स्थापित]] र काङ्ग्रेसबाट सिर्जना सिंहले उम्मेदवारी दिएका थिए।<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/04/24/165078538093562386.html|title=काठमाडौँ महानगरको मेयरमा बालेन शाहद्वारा उम्मेदवारी दर्ता|date=११ वैशाख २०७९|website=कान्तिपुर|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526131339/https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/04/24/165078538093562386.html|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> उनलाई वैशाख १७ मा [[निर्वाचन आयोग (नेपाल)|निर्वाचन आयोग]]ले लौरो चुनाव चिह्न दिएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2022/04/1118516|title=बालेन शाह र अटेरीलाई लौरो चुनाव चिह्न|date=२०७९ वैशाख १७|website=अनलाइनखबर|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526115336/https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2022/04/1118516|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> वैशाख ३० गते सेतोपाटीले प्रकाशित गरेको मत सर्वेक्षणको अनुसार बालेनलाई नगरप्रमुख पदमा ४२% जनताले मतदान दिएको बताएका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/election/localelection/270502/|title=सेतोपाटी प्रक्षेपण: बालेन शाह चुनिने छन् काठमाडौँका मेयर|date=३० वैशाख २०७९|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526130123/https://www.setopati.com/election/localelection/270502/|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> वि.सं. २०७९ जेठ ११ गते उनको जित निश्चित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/05/25/165345808613167802.html|title=काठमाडौँको मेयरमा वालेन्द्र साहको जित सुनिश्चित|date=११ जेठ २०७९|website=कान्तिपुर|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526190113/https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/05/25/165345808613167802.html|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> वि.सं. २०७९ जेठ १२ गते बालेन [[काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख|काठमाडौँको नगरप्रमुख]]को कार्यालयमा निर्वाचित भए भने उपप्रमुखमा [[सुनिता डङ्गोल|सुनिता डङ्गोल]] निर्वाचित भएकी थिइन्।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/272420|title=काठमाडौँको मेयर बने बालेन शाह, उपमेयर सुनिता डङ्गोल|date=१२ जेठ २०७९|website=सेतोपाटी|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526172752/https://www.setopati.com/politics/272420|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526172752/https://www.setopati.com/politics/272420 |date=2022-05-26 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/05/26/165356175313176522.html|title=वालेन्द्र बने काठमाडौँ महानगरको मेयर|date=१२ जेठ २०७९|website=कान्तिपुर|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526181552/https://ekantipur.com/local-elections-2022/2022/05/26/165356175313176522.html|archivedate=१२ जेठ २०७९|accessdate=१२ जेठ २०७९}}</ref> == चुनावी इतिहास == === २०७९ काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिका निर्वाचन === {{मुख्य|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिका निर्वाचन, २०७९}} बालेन शाहले २०७७ देखि नै आफ्नो उम्मेदवारीको योजना बनाइरहेका थिए र २०७८ पुस २ मा उनले आफ्नो [[फेसबुक]] पेजमार्फत मेयरको स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा चुनाव लड्ने घोषणा गरेका थिए।<ref name=":3" /> उनको अभियान मुख्यतया [[फोहोर व्यवस्थापन]], [[ट्राफिक नियन्त्रण]], [[सार्वजनिक सेवा]] प्रवाह, [[भ्रष्टाचार विरोधी]] अभियान र सहरको [[सांस्कृतिक सम्पदा]] संरक्षणमा केन्द्रित थियो।<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=26 May 2022 |title='Balen' canes parties with the walking stick |url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2022/05/26/balen-canes-parties-with-the-walking-stick |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526151646/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2022/05/26/balen-canes-parties-with-the-walking-stick |archive-date=26 May 2022 |access-date=26 May 2022 |website=[[The Kathmandu Post]] |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='Balen, come to your home village after win' |url=https://risingnepaldaily.com/news/11721 |access-date=2026-03-19 |website=GorakhaPatra}}</ref> शाह २०७९ जेठ १२ मा कुल खसेको मतको ३८.६% मत प्राप्त गरी निर्वाचित भएका थिए। उनले [[नेपाली काङ्ग्रेस]]की उम्मेदवार सिर्जना श्रेष्ठ र पूर्व मेयर तथा [[नेकपा (एमाले)]]का उम्मेदवार [[केशव स्थापित]]लाई २३,००० भन्दा बढी मतको अन्तरले पराजित गरेका थिए।<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=26 May 2022 |title='लौरो' बोकेर बालेन बने काठमाण्डू महानगर प्रमुख, को हुन् उनको विजयका सारथि |url=https://www.bbc.com/nepali/news-61566558 |website=बीबीसी नेपाली |language=ne}}</ref> शाहले २०७९ जेठ १६ मा मेयरको रूपमा पद तथा गोपनीयताको शपथ लिएका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2022 |title=KMC Mayor Balen Shah takes oath of office and secrecy |url=https://english.khabarhub.com/2022/30/254867/ |website=Khabarhub |language=en}}</ref> {{Election box begin|title=नगर प्रमुखको निर्वाचन परिणाम}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ|candidate=बालेन्द्र शाह|votes=61767|percentage=३८.६%|change=''नयाँ''}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=नेपाली काङ्ग्रेस|candidate=सिर्जना सिंह|votes=३८,३४१|percentage=२४.०%|change=+१.१%|}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=नेकपा (एमाले)|candidate=केशव स्थापित |votes=३८,११७|percentage=२३.८%|change=-९.१%}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ|candidate=सुमन सायमी |votes=१३,७७०|percentage=८.६%|change=''नयाँ''|}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=राष्ट्रिय प्रजातन्त्र पार्टी|candidate=मदनदास श्रेष्ठ|votes=५,७७०|percentage=३.६%|change=''नयाँ''|}} {{Election box candidate||party=अन्य|candidate=|votes=२,१४१|percentage=१.३%|change=}} {{Election box total valid||votes=१५९,९०६|percentage=|change=}} {{Election box rejected||votes=३१,२८०|percentage=|change=}} {{Election box turnout||votes=१९१,१८६|percentage=६३.६८%|change=-९.०४%}} {{Election box registered electors||reg. electors=३००,३४२|ref=<ref name="voter">{{cite web |title=प्रेस विज्ञप्ति |url=https://election.gov.np/admin/public//storage/Local%20Election/Press%20Release/Press%20Release.pdf |website=Election Commission, Nepal|language=ne |access-date=26 May 2022}}</ref>|change=+१०.७%}} {{Election box end}} === २०८२ झापा–५ संसदीय निर्वाचन === काठमाडौँको मेयरको रूपमा आफ्नो कार्यकाल पूरा नगरी, शाहले माघ २०८२ मा मेयर पदबाट राजीनामा दिँदै [[राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी]] (रास्वपा) मा प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनी [[प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०८२]] लागि पार्टीको प्रधानमन्त्री उम्मेदवार बनेका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2026 |title=RSP's Balen Shah receives victory certificate |url=https://english.khabarhub.com/2026/07/538254/ |website=Khabarhub}}</ref> शाहले [[झापा ५ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|झापा निर्वाचन क्षेत्र नं. ५]] बाट उम्मेदवारी दिए, जहाँ उनले चार पटकका पूर्वप्रधानमन्त्री तथा [[नेकपा (एमाले)]]का अध्यक्ष [[केपी शर्मा ओली]]लाई चुनौती दिएका थिए। ओलीले [[संविधान सभा निर्वाचन, २०६४|२०६४]] बाहेक त्यस क्षेत्रबाट हरेक निर्वाचन जित्दै आएका थिए। शाह २०८२ फागुन २३ मा झापा–५ बाट [[प्रतिनिधि सभा (नेपाल)|प्रतिनिधि सभा]] सदस्यमा आधिकारिक रूपमा निर्वाचित भएका थिए। [[निर्वाचन आयोग (नेपाल)|निर्वाचन आयोग]]ले सार्वजनिक गरेको अन्तिम नतिजा अनुसार शाहले ६८,३४८ मत प्राप्त गरेका थिए जुन नेपालको संसदीय निर्वाचनको इतिहासमा कुनै पनि उम्मेदवारले प्राप्त गरेको अहिलेसम्मकै उच्च मत हो। उनले ओलीले [[प्रतिनिधि सभा निर्वाचन, २०७४|२०७४]] मा सोही क्षेत्रमा कायम गरेको ५७,१३९ मतको रेकर्ड तोडेका थिए।<ref name="khabarhub2026">{{Cite web |date=7 March 2026 |title=RSP's Balen Shah receives victory certificate after landslide win in Jhapa-5 |url=https://english.khabarhub.com/2026/07/538254/ |access-date=7 March 2026 |website=Khabarhub}}</ref><ref name="khoj2026">{{Cite web |date=7 March 2026 |title=Balen Shah Wins Jhapa-5 with Record 68,348 Votes, Defeats Former PM KP Sharma Oli |url=https://khojsamachar.com/balen-shah-jhapa-5-record-votes-defeats-kp-sharma-oli/ |access-date=7 March 2026 |website=Khoj Samachar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Beech |first=Hannah |last2=Ghimire |first2=Binod |last3=Pradhan |first3=Sajal |date=2026-03-10 |title=Who Is Balendra Shah, the Rapper Set to Be Nepal’s Next Prime Minister? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/09/world/asia/balendra-shah-nepal-prime-minister.html |access-date=2026-03-10 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ओलीले १८,७३४ मत प्राप्त गरेका थिए जस अनुसार शाह ४९,६१४ मतान्तरले विजयी भएका थिए। {{Election box begin|title=संसदीय निर्वाचन परिणाम}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी|candidate=बालेन्द्र शाह|votes=68,348|percentage=६६.७९%|change=+५४.२७%}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=नेकपा (एमाले)|candidate=[[केपी शर्मा ओली]]|votes=१८,७३४|percentage=१८.३१%|change=-३७.३%}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=श्रम संस्कृति पार्टी|candidate=समिर तामाङ|votes=९,२३३|percentage=९.०२%|change=''नयाँ''}} {{Election box candidate with party link|party=नेपाली काङ्ग्रेस|candidate=मन्धरा चिमरिया|votes=१,८२१|percentage=१.७८%|change=-२३.५१%}} {{Election box candidate||party=अन्य|candidate=|votes=४,२०२|percentage=४.१०%|change=-२.३६%}} {{Election box total valid||votes=१२०,३३८|percentage=|change=}} {{Election box rejected||votes=४,२३०|percentage=|change=}} {{Election box turnout||votes=१०६,५६८|percentage=६३.६८%|change=}} {{Election box registered electors||reg. electors=१६३,३७९|ref=|change=}} {{Election box end}} == व्यक्तिगत जीवन == शाहले जनस्वास्थ्य विशेषज्ञ सविना काफ्लेसँग विवाह गरेका थिए।<ref name=":269228" /> उनी आफ्नी पत्नी र छोरीका साथ काठमाडौँको तीनकुने, गैरीगाउँमा बस्छन्।<ref name=":269228">{{Cite web |last=सत्याल |first=मनोज |date=29 April 2022 |title=कालो चस्माभित्र लुकेका बालेन शाह |url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526185828/https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228/ |archive-date=26 May 2022 |access-date=26 May 2022 |website=सेतोपाटी |language=नेपाली }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526185828/https://www.setopati.com/politics/269228/ |date=26 May 2022 }}</ref> == सम्मान तथा पहिचान == सन् २०२३ मा प्रतिष्ठित ''[[टाइम (पत्रिका)|टाइम]]'' पत्रिकाले शाहलाई आफ्नो विश्वका १०० प्रभावशाली उदीयमान व्यक्तिहरूको सूचीमा समावेश गरेपछि उनले अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रूपमा चर्चा प्राप्त गरेका थिए।<ref>{{cite web |title=TIME100 Next 2023: Balendra Shah |url=https://time.com/collection/time100-next-2023/6311766/balendra-shah/ |publisher=Time |date=2023-09-13 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> एक स्वतन्त्र उम्मेदवारको रूपमा उनको विजयलाई राजनीतिक विश्लेषकहरूले नेपालका स्थापित राजनीतिक दलहरूको वर्चस्वका लागि एक ठूलो चुनौती र "बालेन प्रभाव"को रूपमा व्याख्या गरेका थिए।<ref>{{cite web |title=Balen Shah's victory and what it means for Nepal's politics |url=https://kathmandupost.com/politics/2022/05/20/balen-shah-s-victory-and-what-it-means-for-nepal-s-politics |publisher=The Kathmandu Post |date=2022-05-20}}</ref> == गीतहरू == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" ! scope="col" |गीत ! scope="col" |टिप्पणीहरू ! scope="col" |वर्ष ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |सन्दर्भ |- !'''जय महाकाली''' | |सन् २०२६ |<ref>{{Citation |last=Balen |title=BALEN - JAY MAHAKAALI (Swapnil, Chronic Beatz, Foeseal) |date=2026-03-26 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yse0H0mXEuQ |access-date=2026-03-27}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"सबै लाई हतार छ" | |सन् २०२१ | |- ! scope="row" |"स्टे ट्रु" | |सन् २०२१ | |- ! scope="row" |"बलिदान" | |सन् २०२० | |- ! scope="row" |"लोकल ठिटो" | |सन् २०२० | |- ! scope="row" |"सावेज" | |सन् २०२० | |- ! scope="row" |"आस्तिक" | |सन् २०२० | |- ! scope="row" |"गोर्खाली तोप" | |सन् २०१९ | |- ! scope="row" |"मार्फाको मदिरा" | |सन् २०१९ | |- ! scope="row" |"मन यो उड्यो" | |सन् २०१६ | |- ! scope="row" |"नेपाल हासेको" | |सन् २०१५ | |- ! scope="row" |"आम नेपाली बुवा" | |सन् २०१३ | |- ! scope="row" |"तथ्य" | |सन् २०१३ | |- ! scope="row" |"सडक बालक" |पहिलो गीत |सन् २०१२ | |} == सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू == {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == बाह्य कडीहरू == {{wikiquote}} {{Commons category}} * {{IMDb name|nm14014835}} {{s-start}} {{s-par|np-lwr}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[केपी शर्मा ओली]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[झापा ५ (निर्वाचन क्षेत्र)|झापा ५]] का लागि प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य|years=वि.सं २०८२–वर्तमान}} {{s-inc}} |- {{s-off}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[सुशीला कार्की]]<br />{{small|अन्तरिम}}}} {{s-ttl|title=[[नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरूको सूची|नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री]]|years=वि.सं २०८२–वर्तमान}} {{s-inc}} |- {{s-bef | before = [[विद्यासुन्दर शाक्य]] }} {{s-ttl | title = [[काठमाडौँको नगर प्रमुख|काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिकाको प्रमुख]] | years = २०२२–२०२६ }} {{s-aft | after = [[सुनिता डङ्गोल]]<br />{{small|कार्यवाहक}}}} {{s-end}} {{नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरू}} {{वर्तमान सार्क नेताहरू}} [[श्रेणी:नेपाली र्‍यापरहरू]] [[श्रेणी:सन् १९९० मा जन्म]] [[श्रेणी:नेपाली भाषाका गायकहरू]] [[श्रेणी:काठमाडौँ महानगरपालिकाका नगरप्रमुखहरू]] [[श्रेणी:नेपाली हिन्दुहरू]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालका स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञहरू]] [[श्रेणी:राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टीका राजनीतिज्ञहरू]] [[श्रेणी:जीवित मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालका सांसदहरू २०८२–]] [[श्रेणी:२१औँ शताब्दीका नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्रीहरू]] tc27xjrgpps1l7zpjliqacxn7ia82v4 0 134848 1355915 1297630 2026-05-19T05:23:09Z ~2026-29947-84 78706 /* */ 1355915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox YouTube personality|name=Sisan Baniya|image=|caption=Baniya in 2022|birth_name=Sisan Baniya|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1989|05/14}}|birth_place=Basantapur, Nepal|nationality=Nepali|occupation=Vlogger•Videographer•Film maker•Photographer|channel_name=Sisan Baniya|channel_url=https://youtube.com/@SisanBaniya?si=yGReB_J2A4kzqV7i|channel_display_name=Sisan Baniya|years active=2015-present|genre=Travel|subscribers=847 thousands|subscriber_date=may, 2026|views=98.9 million|view_date=may, 2026}} '''सिसन बानिया''' नेपाली भ्लगिङ समुदाय र नेपाली सिनेमामा आफ्नो कामका लागि परिचित नेपाली भ्लगर र चलचित्र निर्माता हुन्। <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-19 |title=Sisan Baniya: Popular Nepal YouTuber plans career shift |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/sisan-baniya-nepali-youtuber.html |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=फिल्म मेकिङमा आउने तयारीमा सिसन |url=http://www.filmykhabar.com/news/21867/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=www.filmykhabar.com}}</ref> उनी भ्लगिङमा परफेक्शनिस्टका रूपमा चिनिन्छन्। उनी नेपालको एक सफल ब्य्क्ती हुन। <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-09 |title=KanchhiKitchen: The story behind popular food vlogs, all the way from Nepali villages - OnlineKhabar English News |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/kanchhikitchen-food-vlogs-rural-nepal.html |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Miss Nepals join hands to help orphans |url=https://annapurna-express.prixa.net/news/miss-nepals-join-hands-to-help-orphans-3448/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=The Annapurna Express |language=Nepali}}</ref> == व्यक्तिगत जीवन == बानियाको जन्म 10 जुन [[नेपाल|, 1991, नेपालको]] [[नेपाल|पूर्वी]] भागमा पर्ने [[झापा जिल्ला|झापामा]] भएको थियो। बानिया ५ फिट ८ इन्चमा रहन्छ । उनको बुबाको नाम श्याम राजा बानियाँ र आमाको नाम सुशीला बानियाँ हो। <ref>{{Cite web |title=ब्रेकअपको हल्लाबीच सिसन बानियाँ लेख्छन्, ‘मेरो जीवनको त्यो अध्याय सकियो, पाना पल्टाउनुहोस्’ |url=https://www.ratopati.com/story/346228/sisan-baniya-statement-on-breakup |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=www.ratopati.com |language=Nepali}}</ref> == क्यारियर == उनले आफ्नो पहिलो [[युट्युब|YouTube]] भिडियो आठ वर्ष अघि अपलोड गरे र 2015 मा भ्लगिङ सुरु गरे। सिसन बानिया मुख्यतया भ्लगिङ क्षेत्रमा आउन फिटनेस प्रशिक्षक '''सुशान्त प्रधानबाट''' प्रेरित र प्रभावित थिए। <ref>{{Cite web |last=Republica |title=11 Finalists announced for Nepal Vlog Challenge |url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/118839/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=My City |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> यसअघि उनी मोडल र विवाह समारोहमा फोटोग्राफी गर्थिन् । उसले भ्लगिङ क्षेत्रमा परिचय गराएकोमा सुशान्त प्रधानलाई श्रेय दिन्छ र दिन्छ। उनी भिडियो बनाउनुअघि कथाहरू बनाउन माहिर छन्। यसले उनलाई सयौं YouTube सिर्जनाकर्ताहरूमध्ये फरक बनाउँछ। <ref>{{Cite web |last=Khadgi |first=Pranish |date=2021-12-16 |title=Book Gara: A New Nepali Go-To Platform for Any Service, Co-founded by Sisan Baniya and Friends |url=https://techlekh.com/book-gara/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=TechLekh: Latest Tech News, Reviews, Startups and Apps in Nepal |language=en-US}}</ref> उहाँ फोटोग्राफर, भिडियोग्राफर र दक्ष पेशेवर फिल्म निर्माता पनि हुनुहुन्छ। <ref>{{Cite web |title=‘It’s only very recently that I started reading books on filmmaking’ |url=http://kathmandupost.com/39/2022/09/22/it-s-only-very-recently-that-i-started-reading-books-on-filmmaking |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English}}</ref> उनले अन्नगत, आधा लभ आदि जस्ता धेरै चलचित्रमा काम गरिसकेका छन्। उनी एक सफल ब्यक्ती हुन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=अध्ययनका लागि अमेरिका उडिन् श्रृंखला खतिवडा |url=https://www.news24nepal.tv/2021/08/03/802679 |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=News24 : Premium News Channel |language=en }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906070913/https://www.news24nepal.tv/2021/08/03/802679 |date=2023-09-06 }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-21 |title=पूर्वमिस नेपाल शृंखला खतिवडाका प्रेमी |url=https://everestdainik.com/2020/02/309534/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-GB }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906070916/https://everestdainik.com/2020/02/309534/ |date=2023-09-06 }}</ref> == सन्दर्भहरू == <references /> [[श्रेणी:नेपाली मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:जीवित मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:सन् १९९१ मा जन्म]] 6hniycljzpwv1jh0ll20nhxy29d2zai 1355917 1355915 2026-05-19T05:25:57Z ~2026-29947-84 78706 /* */ 1355917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox YouTube personality|name=Sisan Baniya|image=|caption=Baniya in 2022|birth_name=Sisan Baniya|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1989|05|14}}|birth_place=Basantapur, Nepal|nationality=Nepali|occupation=Vlogger•Videographer•Film maker•Photographer|channel_name=Sisan Baniya|channel_url=https://youtube.com/@SisanBaniya?si=yGReB_J2A4kzqV7i|channel_display_name=Sisan Baniya|years active=2015-present|genre=Travel|subscribers=847 thousands|subscriber_date=may, 2026|views=98.9 million|view_date=may, 2026}} '''सिसन बानिया''' नेपाली भ्लगिङ समुदाय र नेपाली सिनेमामा आफ्नो कामका लागि परिचित नेपाली भ्लगर र चलचित्र निर्माता हुन्। <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-19 |title=Sisan Baniya: Popular Nepal YouTuber plans career shift |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/sisan-baniya-nepali-youtuber.html |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=फिल्म मेकिङमा आउने तयारीमा सिसन |url=http://www.filmykhabar.com/news/21867/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=www.filmykhabar.com}}</ref> उनी भ्लगिङमा परफेक्शनिस्टका रूपमा चिनिन्छन्। उनी नेपालको एक सफल ब्य्क्ती हुन। <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-09 |title=KanchhiKitchen: The story behind popular food vlogs, all the way from Nepali villages - OnlineKhabar English News |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/kanchhikitchen-food-vlogs-rural-nepal.html |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Miss Nepals join hands to help orphans |url=https://annapurna-express.prixa.net/news/miss-nepals-join-hands-to-help-orphans-3448/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=The Annapurna Express |language=Nepali}}</ref> == व्यक्तिगत जीवन == बानियाको जन्म 10 जुन [[नेपाल|, 1991, नेपालको]] [[नेपाल|पूर्वी]] भागमा पर्ने [[झापा जिल्ला|झापामा]] भएको थियो। बानिया ५ फिट ८ इन्चमा रहन्छ । उनको बुबाको नाम श्याम राजा बानियाँ र आमाको नाम सुशीला बानियाँ हो। <ref>{{Cite web |title=ब्रेकअपको हल्लाबीच सिसन बानियाँ लेख्छन्, ‘मेरो जीवनको त्यो अध्याय सकियो, पाना पल्टाउनुहोस्’ |url=https://www.ratopati.com/story/346228/sisan-baniya-statement-on-breakup |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=www.ratopati.com |language=Nepali}}</ref> == क्यारियर == उनले आफ्नो पहिलो [[युट्युब|YouTube]] भिडियो आठ वर्ष अघि अपलोड गरे र 2015 मा भ्लगिङ सुरु गरे। सिसन बानिया मुख्यतया भ्लगिङ क्षेत्रमा आउन फिटनेस प्रशिक्षक '''सुशान्त प्रधानबाट''' प्रेरित र प्रभावित थिए। <ref>{{Cite web |last=Republica |title=11 Finalists announced for Nepal Vlog Challenge |url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/118839/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=My City |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> यसअघि उनी मोडल र विवाह समारोहमा फोटोग्राफी गर्थिन् । उसले भ्लगिङ क्षेत्रमा परिचय गराएकोमा सुशान्त प्रधानलाई श्रेय दिन्छ र दिन्छ। उनी भिडियो बनाउनुअघि कथाहरू बनाउन माहिर छन्। यसले उनलाई सयौं YouTube सिर्जनाकर्ताहरूमध्ये फरक बनाउँछ। <ref>{{Cite web |last=Khadgi |first=Pranish |date=2021-12-16 |title=Book Gara: A New Nepali Go-To Platform for Any Service, Co-founded by Sisan Baniya and Friends |url=https://techlekh.com/book-gara/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=TechLekh: Latest Tech News, Reviews, Startups and Apps in Nepal |language=en-US}}</ref> उहाँ फोटोग्राफर, भिडियोग्राफर र दक्ष पेशेवर फिल्म निर्माता पनि हुनुहुन्छ। <ref>{{Cite web |title=‘It’s only very recently that I started reading books on filmmaking’ |url=http://kathmandupost.com/39/2022/09/22/it-s-only-very-recently-that-i-started-reading-books-on-filmmaking |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English}}</ref> उनले अन्नगत, आधा लभ आदि जस्ता धेरै चलचित्रमा काम गरिसकेका छन्। उनी एक सफल ब्यक्ती हुन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=अध्ययनका लागि अमेरिका उडिन् श्रृंखला खतिवडा |url=https://www.news24nepal.tv/2021/08/03/802679 |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=News24 : Premium News Channel |language=en }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906070913/https://www.news24nepal.tv/2021/08/03/802679 |date=2023-09-06 }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-21 |title=पूर्वमिस नेपाल शृंखला खतिवडाका प्रेमी |url=https://everestdainik.com/2020/02/309534/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-GB }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906070916/https://everestdainik.com/2020/02/309534/ |date=2023-09-06 }}</ref> == सन्दर्भहरू == <references /> [[श्रेणी:नेपाली मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:जीवित मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:सन् १९९१ मा जन्म]] c6qb4s83r6zl2nn7ksjaei1se4ndo2r 1355918 1355917 2026-05-19T05:34:42Z ~2026-29947-84 78706 /* */ 1355918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox YouTube personality|name=Sisan Baniya|image=|caption=Baniya in 2022|birth_name=Sisan Baniya|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1989|05|14}}|birth_place=Basantapur, Nepal|nationality=Nepali|occupation=Vlogger•Videographer•Entrepreneur•Singer•Model•Film maker•Photographer|channel_name=Sisan Baniya|channel_url=https://youtube.com/@SisanBaniya?si=yGReB_J2A4kzqV7i|channel_display_name=Sisan Baniya|years active=2015-present|genre=Travel|subscribers=847 thousands|subscriber_date=may, 2026|views=98.9 million|view_date=may, 2026}} '''सिसन बानिया''' नेपाली भ्लगिङ समुदाय र नेपाली सिनेमामा आफ्नो कामका लागि परिचित नेपाली भ्लगर र चलचित्र निर्माता हुन्। उनि एक गायकका रूपमा पनि चचित् छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-19 |title=Sisan Baniya: Popular Nepal YouTuber plans career shift |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/sisan-baniya-nepali-youtuber.html |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=फिल्म मेकिङमा आउने तयारीमा सिसन |url=http://www.filmykhabar.com/news/21867/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=www.filmykhabar.com}}</ref> उनी भ्लगिङमा परफेक्शनिस्टका रूपमा चिनिन्छन्। उनी नेपालको एक सफल ब्य्क्ती हुन। <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-09 |title=KanchhiKitchen: The story behind popular food vlogs, all the way from Nepali villages - OnlineKhabar English News |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/kanchhikitchen-food-vlogs-rural-nepal.html |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Miss Nepals join hands to help orphans |url=https://annapurna-express.prixa.net/news/miss-nepals-join-hands-to-help-orphans-3448/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=The Annapurna Express |language=Nepali}}</ref> == व्यक्तिगत जीवन == बानियाको जन्म 10 जुन [[नेपाल|, 1991, नेपालको]] [[नेपाल|पूर्वी]] भागमा पर्ने [[झापा जिल्ला|झापामा]] भएको थियो। बानिया ५ फिट ८ इन्चमा रहन्छ । उनको बुबाको नाम श्याम राजा बानियाँ र आमाको नाम सुशीला बानियाँ हो। <ref>{{Cite web |title=ब्रेकअपको हल्लाबीच सिसन बानियाँ लेख्छन्, ‘मेरो जीवनको त्यो अध्याय सकियो, पाना पल्टाउनुहोस्’ |url=https://www.ratopati.com/story/346228/sisan-baniya-statement-on-breakup |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=www.ratopati.com |language=Nepali}}</ref> == क्यारियर == उनले आफ्नो पहिलो [[युट्युब|YouTube]] भिडियो आठ वर्ष अघि अपलोड गरे र 2015 मा भ्लगिङ सुरु गरे। सिसन बानिया मुख्यतया भ्लगिङ क्षेत्रमा आउन फिटनेस प्रशिक्षक '''सुशान्त प्रधानबाट''' प्रेरित र प्रभावित थिए। <ref>{{Cite web |last=Republica |title=11 Finalists announced for Nepal Vlog Challenge |url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/118839/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=My City |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> यसअघि उनी मोडल र विवाह समारोहमा फोटोग्राफी गर्थिन् । उसले भ्लगिङ क्षेत्रमा परिचय गराएकोमा सुशान्त प्रधानलाई श्रेय दिन्छ र दिन्छ। उनी भिडियो बनाउनुअघि कथाहरू बनाउन माहिर छन्। यसले उनलाई सयौं YouTube सिर्जनाकर्ताहरूमध्ये फरक बनाउँछ। <ref>{{Cite web |last=Khadgi |first=Pranish |date=2021-12-16 |title=Book Gara: A New Nepali Go-To Platform for Any Service, Co-founded by Sisan Baniya and Friends |url=https://techlekh.com/book-gara/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=TechLekh: Latest Tech News, Reviews, Startups and Apps in Nepal |language=en-US}}</ref> उहाँ फोटोग्राफर, भिडियोग्राफर र दक्ष पेशेवर फिल्म निर्माता पनि हुनुहुन्छ। <ref>{{Cite web |title=‘It’s only very recently that I started reading books on filmmaking’ |url=http://kathmandupost.com/39/2022/09/22/it-s-only-very-recently-that-i-started-reading-books-on-filmmaking |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English}}</ref> उनले अन्नगत, आधा लभ आदि जस्ता धेरै चलचित्रमा काम गरिसकेका छन्। उनी एक सफल ब्यक्ती हुन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=अध्ययनका लागि अमेरिका उडिन् श्रृंखला खतिवडा |url=https://www.news24nepal.tv/2021/08/03/802679 |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=News24 : Premium News Channel |language=en }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906070913/https://www.news24nepal.tv/2021/08/03/802679 |date=2023-09-06 }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-21 |title=पूर्वमिस नेपाल शृंखला खतिवडाका प्रेमी |url=https://everestdainik.com/2020/02/309534/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-GB }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906070916/https://everestdainik.com/2020/02/309534/ |date=2023-09-06 }}</ref> == सन्दर्भहरू == <references /> [[श्रेणी:नेपाली मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:जीवित मानिसहरू]] [[श्रेणी:सन् १९९१ मा जन्म]] skkqp0q4lnbc3ejingbfq8bekhpaonx 0 137567 1355953 1285647 2026-05-19T08:24:07Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355953 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bilateral relations|Nepal–Russia|Nepal|Russia}} '''नेपाल-रसिया सम्बन्ध''' (रसियाली: Российско-непальские отношения) रूस र नेपाल बीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध हो। नेपाल र सोभियत संघले सन् १९५६ जुन ५ देखि जुलाई ९ सम्म कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध स्थापित गरेका थिए । २०१७ माघ २० मा सोभियत रुसका राष्ट्रपति मार्सल के.ई. भेरोसिलोभले नेपालको भ्रमण गरेका थिए। त्यसै समयमा नेपाल र सोभियत रुसको बीचमा सहायतासम्बन्धी सन्धिमा हस्ताक्षर भएको थियो। यस सन्धिअनुसार सोभियत रुसले नेपाललाई तीन करोड रुबल आर्थिक सहयोग गरेका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web |title=नेपाल–रुस सम्बन्धका सात दशक |url=https://annapurnapost.com/story/453713/ |access-date=2025-05-16 |website=Annapurna Post |language=Nepali}}</ref> १९५६ जुलाई २० मा नेपालको तत्कालीन सोभियत रुससँग दौत्य सम्बन्ध स्थापना भएपछि दुवै देशबीच उच्चस्तरीय भ्रमणको सिलसिला कायम भएको थियो। सोभियत रुस र जापानसँग नेपालको कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध एकै वर्षमा भएको थियो। नेपालको आवासीय दूतावास मस्कोमा छ भने रुसको आवासीय दूतावास काठमाडौंमा छ। १९९१ डिसेम्बर २८ मा सोभियत रुसको विखण्डनपछि नेपाल सरकारले रुसी संघलाई सार्वभौम राष्ट्रको रूपमा मान्यता प्रदान गर्‍यो। सन् १९५८ मा [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]] र स्न १९७६ मा [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]बाट रुसको भ्रमण भएको थियो। == रुसी सेनामा नेपाली भर्ना == ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} {{ढाँचा:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} ==बाह्य कडीहरू== n8q5uvrkmin7g9kjabvfyi3i5nly1k2 1355954 1355953 2026-05-19T08:24:32Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bilateral relations|नेपाल-रसिया|Nepal|Russia}} '''नेपाल-रसिया सम्बन्ध''' (रसियाली: Российско-непальские отношения) रूस र नेपाल बीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध हो। नेपाल र सोभियत संघले सन् १९५६ जुन ५ देखि जुलाई ९ सम्म कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध स्थापित गरेका थिए । २०१७ माघ २० मा सोभियत रुसका राष्ट्रपति मार्सल के.ई. भेरोसिलोभले नेपालको भ्रमण गरेका थिए। त्यसै समयमा नेपाल र सोभियत रुसको बीचमा सहायतासम्बन्धी सन्धिमा हस्ताक्षर भएको थियो। यस सन्धिअनुसार सोभियत रुसले नेपाललाई तीन करोड रुबल आर्थिक सहयोग गरेका थिए।<ref>{{Cite web |title=नेपाल–रुस सम्बन्धका सात दशक |url=https://annapurnapost.com/story/453713/ |access-date=2025-05-16 |website=Annapurna Post |language=Nepali}}</ref> १९५६ जुलाई २० मा नेपालको तत्कालीन सोभियत रुससँग दौत्य सम्बन्ध स्थापना भएपछि दुवै देशबीच उच्चस्तरीय भ्रमणको सिलसिला कायम भएको थियो। सोभियत रुस र जापानसँग नेपालको कूटनीतिक सम्बन्ध एकै वर्षमा भएको थियो। नेपालको आवासीय दूतावास मस्कोमा छ भने रुसको आवासीय दूतावास काठमाडौंमा छ। १९९१ डिसेम्बर २८ मा सोभियत रुसको विखण्डनपछि नेपाल सरकारले रुसी संघलाई सार्वभौम राष्ट्रको रूपमा मान्यता प्रदान गर्‍यो। सन् १९५८ मा [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]] र स्न १९७६ मा [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]बाट रुसको भ्रमण भएको थियो। == रुसी सेनामा नेपाली भर्ना == ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} {{ढाँचा:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} ==बाह्य कडीहरू== d3jgpkjtmttjhlwtmcu4gap61of2vej 0 139252 1355911 1211883 2026-05-19T05:15:53Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''अरल सागर''' [[कजाख्स्तान|काजाकिस्तान]] र [[उज्बेकिस्तान]]को बीचमा रहेको ताल हो। यो सन् १९६०को दशकमा संकुचन हुन थाल्यो र २०१० को दशकमा ठूलो मात्रामा सुकेको थियो। यो काजाकिस्तानको अक्तोबे र किजिलोर्डा क्षेत्र र उज्बेकिस्तानको कराकलपाकस्तान स्वायत्त क्षेत्रमा थियो।  यो नाम लगभग मंगोलियाली र तुर्किक भाषाहरूबाट "द्वीपहरूको समुद्र" मा अनुवाद गरिएको छ, जुन एक पटक यसको पानीमा फैलिएको टापुहरूको ठूलो संख्या (१, १०० भन्दा बढी) को सन्दर्भ हो । अरल सागरको जल निकासी बेसिनले उज्बेकिस्तान र [[अफगानिस्तान]], [[इरान]], काजाकिस्तान, [[किर्गिस्तान]], [[ताजिकिस्तान]] र [[तुर्कमेनिस्तान]]का केही भागहरू समेट्छ। ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} qdtqc9oqzrdfo49zp9zpuuyomszismg 1355914 1355911 2026-05-19T05:18:52Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355914 wikitext text/x-wiki '''अरल सागर''' [[कजाख्स्तान|काजाकिस्तान]] र [[उज्बेकिस्तान]]को बीचमा रहेको ताल हो। यो सन् १९६०को दशकमा संकुचन हुन थाल्यो र २०१० को दशकमा ठूलो मात्रामा सुकेको थियो। यो काजाकिस्तानको अक्तोबे र किजिलोर्डा क्षेत्र र उज्बेकिस्तानको कराकलपाकस्तान स्वायत्त क्षेत्रमा थियो।  यो नाम लगभग मंगोलियाली र तुर्किक भाषाहरूबाट "द्वीपहरूको समुद्र" मा अनुवाद गरिएको छ, जुन एक पटक यसको पानीमा फैलिएको टापुहरूको ठूलो संख्या (१, १०० भन्दा बढी) को सन्दर्भ हो । अरल सागरको जल निकासी बेसिनले उज्बेकिस्तान र [[अफगानिस्तान]], [[इरान]], काजाकिस्तान, [[किर्गिस्तान]], [[ताजिकिस्तान]] र [[तुर्कमेनिस्तान]]का केही भागहरू समेट्छ। ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[मृत सागर]] *[[कश्यप सागर]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} 2rw1qi7vokivn4kqrpaik7gn607nxbz 1355916 1355914 2026-05-19T05:24:00Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox body of water | name = Aral Sea | other_name = {{ubl | {{nativename|kaa|Арал теңизи}} | {{nativename|kk|Арал теңізі}} | {{nativename|ru|Аральское море}} | {{nativename|uz|Орол денгизи}} }} | image = AralSea1989 2014.jpg | caption = The Aral Sea in 1989 (left) and 2014 (right) | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | location = [[मध्य एसिया]]<br />([[कजाख्स्तान]] – [[उज्बेकिस्तान]]) | coords = {{Coord|45|N|60|E|type:waterbody_scale:5000000|display=inline,title}} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 5 | type = [[Endorheic lake|Endorheic]], [[नुनिलो ताल ]], [[प्राकृतिक ताल ]], [[बाँध ]] (उत्तर ) | inflow = {{ubl|North: [[Syr Darya]]|South: [[Groundwater]] only|Previously: [[Amu Darya]]}} | outflow = | catchment = {{Convert|1549000|km2|mi2|-2|abbr=on}} | basin_countries = {{Collapsible list|title=List<ref name=aral.unece.org/>|[[अफगानिस्तान]]|[[इरान]]|[[कजाख्स्तान]]|[[किर्गिस्तान]]|[[रसिया]]|[[ताजिकिस्तान]]|[[तुर्कमेनिस्तान]]|[[उज्बेकिस्तान]]}} | length = | width = | area = {{ubl|{{Convert|68000|km2|mi2|-2|abbr=on}}<br />(1960, one lake)|{{Convert|28687|km2|mi2|0|abbr=on}}<br />(1998, two lakes)|'''{{Convert|17160|km2|mi2|0|abbr=on}}'''<br />'''(2004, four lakes)'''|North:<br />{{Convert|3142|km2|mi2|-1|abbr=on}} (2018)|South:<br />{{Convert|5179|km2|mi2|-1|abbr=on}} (2018)}}<ref name=CATENA191>{{cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Xuewen |last2=Wang |first2=Ninglian |last3=Chen |first3=An'an |last4=He |first4=Jing |last5=Hua |first5=Ting |last6=Qie |first6=Yufan |title=Changes in area and water volume of the Aral Sea in the arid Central Asia over the period of 1960–2018 and their causes |journal=CATENA |date=August 2020 |volume=191 |article-number=104566 |doi=10.1016/j.catena.2020.104566 |bibcode=2020Caten.19104566Y }}</ref> }} '''अरल सागर''' [[कजाख्स्तान|काजाकिस्तान]] र [[उज्बेकिस्तान]]को बीचमा रहेको ताल हो। यो सन् १९६०को दशकमा संकुचन हुन थाल्यो र २०१० को दशकमा ठूलो मात्रामा सुकेको थियो। यो काजाकिस्तानको अक्तोबे र किजिलोर्डा क्षेत्र र उज्बेकिस्तानको कराकलपाकस्तान स्वायत्त क्षेत्रमा थियो।  यो नाम लगभग मंगोलियाली र तुर्किक भाषाहरूबाट "द्वीपहरूको समुद्र" मा अनुवाद गरिएको छ, जुन एक पटक यसको पानीमा फैलिएको टापुहरूको ठूलो संख्या (१, १०० भन्दा बढी) को सन्दर्भ हो । अरल सागरको जल निकासी बेसिनले उज्बेकिस्तान र [[अफगानिस्तान]], [[इरान]], काजाकिस्तान, [[किर्गिस्तान]], [[ताजिकिस्तान]] र [[तुर्कमेनिस्तान]]का केही भागहरू समेट्छ।<ref name=aral.unece.org>{{cite web|url=https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/water/blanks/assessment/aral.pdf|title=DRAINAGE BASIN OF THE ARAL SEA AND OTHER TRANSBOUNDARY SURFACE WATERS IN CENTRAL ASIA|website=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)|date= 2005|access-date= 4 February 2016}}</ref> ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[मृत सागर]] *[[कश्यप सागर]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{reflist}} by39eip43e3wmagdw1way2d28kriwzp 0 149864 1355972 1352241 2026-05-19T09:46:17Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355972 wikitext text/x-wiki [[दन्त चिकित्सा]], जसलाई दन्त चिकित्सा विज्ञान (dental medicine) र मुख चिकित्सा (oral medicine) पनि भनिन्छ, [[दाँत]], [[गिजा]] र मुखमा केन्द्रित चिकित्सा विज्ञानको एउटा शाखा हो। यसले मुखका रोगहरू, विकारहरू र अवस्थाहरूको अध्ययन, निदान, रोकथाम, व्यवस्थापन र उपचारलाई समेट्छ। यो मुख्यतया '''दन्त-विन्यास''' (दाँतको विकास र व्यवस्थापन) का साथै मुखको भित्री तह (oral mucosa) मा केन्द्रित हुन्छ। दन्त चिकित्साले टेम्पोरोम्यान्डिबुलर जोइन्ट (temporomandibular joint) सहित क्रेनियोफेसियल (टाउको र अनुहार) संरचनाका अन्य पक्षहरूलाई पनि समावेश गर्न सक्छ। यसको अभ्यास गर्ने विशेषज्ञलाई [https://advancedentalcares.com/ दन्त चिकित्सक] (Dentist) भनिन्छ। दन्त चिकित्साको इतिहास मानवता र सभ्यताको इतिहास जत्तिकै पुरानो छ, जसको प्रारम्भिक प्रमाण ७००० ईसापूर्वदेखि ५५०० ईसापूर्वसम्म फेला परेको छ। दन्त चिकित्सालाई चिकित्सा क्षेत्रको '''पहिलो विशेषज्ञता''' मानिन्छ, जसले पछि आफ्नै विशेष विधाहरूसहितको मान्यता प्राप्त शैक्षिक उपाधि (degree) विकास गरेको छ। दन्त चिकित्साले प्रायः अहिले धेरै हदसम्म अप्रचलित भइसकेको 'स्टोमेटोलोजी' (मुख र यसका रोग तथा विकारहरूको अध्ययन) नामक चिकित्सा विशेषज्ञतालाई पनि समेटेको बुझिन्छ, जसका कारण कतिपय क्षेत्रहरूमा यी दुई शब्दहरूलाई एकअर्काको सट्टामा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यद्यपि, केही विशेषज्ञताहरू जस्तै ओरल एण्ड म्याक्सिलोफेसियल सर्जरी (अनुहारको पुनर्निर्माण/OMFS) पूरा गर्न मेडिकल र डेन्टल दुवै डिग्री आवश्यक पर्न सक्छ।<ref>{{Citation |title=Dentistry |date=2026-04-08 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dentistry&oldid=1347732393 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-04-22 |language=en}}</ref> दन्त उपचार एक '''दन्त टोली'''द्वारा गरिन्छ, जसमा प्रायः एक दन्त चिकित्सक र दन्त सहयोगीहरू (जस्तै डेन्टल असिस्टेन्ट, डेन्टल हाइजिनिस्ट, डेन्टल टेक्निसियन, र डेन्टल थेरापिस्ट) समावेश हुन्छन्। धेरैजसो दन्त चिकित्सकहरू कि त निजी क्लिनिकहरू (प्राथमिक हेरचाह), दन्त अस्पतालहरू, वा अन्य संस्थाहरू (माध्यमिक हेरचाह जस्तै जेल, सशस्त्र बलका आधार शिविरहरू, आदि) मा काम गर्छन्। '''प्रमाण-आधारित दन्त चिकित्सा''' (evidence-based dentistry) को आधुनिक अभियानले निर्णय प्रक्रियालाई मार्गदर्शन गर्न उच्च गुणस्तरको वैज्ञानिक अनुसन्धान र प्रमाणहरूको प्रयोगमा जोड दिन्छ। यस अन्तर्गत म्यानुअल दाँतको संरक्षण, फ्लोराइडयुक्त पानी र फ्लोराइड टुथपेस्टको प्रयोग, दाँत कीराले खाने र गिजाको रोग (periodontitis) जस्ता मुखका रोगहरूको उपचार पर्दछन्। यसका साथै अस्टियोपोरोसिस, मधुमेह, सिलियाक रोग, क्यान्सर, अटोइम्यून रोगहरू र एचआईभी/एड्स (HIV/AIDS) जस्ता प्रणालीगत रोगहरू (जसले मुखको गुहालाई पनि असर गर्न सक्छ) को व्यवस्थापन पनि यसैमा पर्दछ। sybsoi86ut7zfhnqfoij82ui5ob8lhg 1355973 1355972 2026-05-19T09:46:37Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355973 wikitext text/x-wiki [[दन्त चिकित्सा]], जसलाई दन्त चिकित्सा विज्ञान (dental medicine) र मुख चिकित्सा (oral medicine) पनि भनिन्छ, [[दाँत]], [[गिजा]] र मुखमा केन्द्रित चिकित्सा विज्ञानको एउटा शाखा हो। यसले मुखका रोगहरू, विकारहरू र अवस्थाहरूको अध्ययन, निदान, रोकथाम, व्यवस्थापन र उपचारलाई समेट्छ। यो मुख्यतया '''दन्त-विन्यास''' (दाँतको विकास र व्यवस्थापन) का साथै मुखको भित्री तह (oral mucosa) मा केन्द्रित हुन्छ। दन्त चिकित्साले टेम्पोरोम्यान्डिबुलर जोइन्ट (temporomandibular joint) सहित क्रेनियोफेसियल (टाउको र अनुहार) संरचनाका अन्य पक्षहरूलाई पनि समावेश गर्न सक्छ। यसको अभ्यास गर्ने विशेषज्ञलाई [https://advancedentalcares.com/ दन्त चिकित्सक] (Dentist) भनिन्छ। दन्त चिकित्साको इतिहास मानवता र सभ्यताको इतिहास जत्तिकै पुरानो छ, जसको प्रारम्भिक प्रमाण ७००० ईसापूर्वदेखि ५५०० ईसापूर्वसम्म फेला परेको छ। दन्त चिकित्सालाई चिकित्सा क्षेत्रको '''पहिलो विशेषज्ञता''' मानिन्छ, जसले पछि आफ्नै विशेष विधाहरूसहितको मान्यता प्राप्त शैक्षिक उपाधि (degree) विकास गरेको छ। दन्त चिकित्साले प्रायः अहिले धेरै हदसम्म अप्रचलित भइसकेको 'स्टोमेटोलोजी' (मुख र यसका रोग तथा विकारहरूको अध्ययन) नामक चिकित्सा विशेषज्ञतालाई पनि समेटेको बुझिन्छ, जसका कारण कतिपय क्षेत्रहरूमा यी दुई शब्दहरूलाई एकअर्काको सट्टामा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यद्यपि, केही विशेषज्ञताहरू जस्तै ओरल एण्ड म्याक्सिलोफेसियल सर्जरी (अनुहारको पुनर्निर्माण/OMFS) पूरा गर्न मेडिकल र डेन्टल दुवै डिग्री आवश्यक पर्न सक्छ।<ref>{{Citation |title=Dentistry |date=2026-04-08 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dentistry&oldid=1347732393 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-04-22 |language=en}}</ref> दन्त उपचार एक '''दन्त टोली'''द्वारा गरिन्छ, जसमा प्रायः एक दन्त चिकित्सक र दन्त सहयोगीहरू (जस्तै डेन्टल असिस्टेन्ट, डेन्टल हाइजिनिस्ट, डेन्टल टेक्निसियन, र डेन्टल थेरापिस्ट) समावेश हुन्छन्। धेरैजसो दन्त चिकित्सकहरू कि त निजी क्लिनिकहरू (प्राथमिक हेरचाह), दन्त अस्पतालहरू, वा अन्य संस्थाहरू (माध्यमिक हेरचाह जस्तै जेल, सशस्त्र बलका आधार शिविरहरू, आदि) मा काम गर्छन्। '''प्रमाण-आधारित दन्त चिकित्सा''' (evidence-based dentistry) को आधुनिक अभियानले निर्णय प्रक्रियालाई मार्गदर्शन गर्न उच्च गुणस्तरको वैज्ञानिक अनुसन्धान र प्रमाणहरूको प्रयोगमा जोड दिन्छ। यस अन्तर्गत म्यानुअल दाँतको संरक्षण, फ्लोराइडयुक्त पानी र फ्लोराइड टुथपेस्टको प्रयोग, दाँत कीराले खाने र गिजाको रोग (periodontitis) जस्ता मुखका रोगहरूको उपचार पर्दछन्। यसका साथै अस्टियोपोरोसिस, मधुमेह, सिलियाक रोग, क्यान्सर, अटोइम्यून रोगहरू र एचआईभी/एड्स (HIV/AIDS) जस्ता प्रणालीगत रोगहरू (जसले मुखको गुहालाई पनि असर गर्न सक्छ) को व्यवस्थापन पनि यसैमा पर्दछ। ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} f1h790wufon0p8s8ckuxvpixjf0y810 1355974 1355973 2026-05-19T09:48:30Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355974 wikitext text/x-wiki [[चित्र:Dental_surgery_aboard_USS_Eisenhower,_January_1990.JPEG|अङ्गुठाकार|दन्त चिकित्सक]] [[दन्त चिकित्सा]], जसलाई दन्त चिकित्सा विज्ञान (dental medicine) र मुख चिकित्सा (oral medicine) पनि भनिन्छ, [[दाँत]], [[गिजा]] र मुखमा केन्द्रित चिकित्सा विज्ञानको एउटा शाखा हो। यसले मुखका रोगहरू, विकारहरू र अवस्थाहरूको अध्ययन, निदान, रोकथाम, व्यवस्थापन र उपचारलाई समेट्छ। यो मुख्यतया '''दन्त-विन्यास''' (दाँतको विकास र व्यवस्थापन) का साथै मुखको भित्री तह (oral mucosa) मा केन्द्रित हुन्छ। दन्त चिकित्साले टेम्पोरोम्यान्डिबुलर जोइन्ट (temporomandibular joint) सहित क्रेनियोफेसियल (टाउको र अनुहार) संरचनाका अन्य पक्षहरूलाई पनि समावेश गर्न सक्छ। यसको अभ्यास गर्ने विशेषज्ञलाई [https://advancedentalcares.com/ दन्त चिकित्सक] (Dentist) भनिन्छ। दन्त चिकित्साको इतिहास मानवता र सभ्यताको इतिहास जत्तिकै पुरानो छ, जसको प्रारम्भिक प्रमाण ७००० ईसापूर्वदेखि ५५०० ईसापूर्वसम्म फेला परेको छ। दन्त चिकित्सालाई चिकित्सा क्षेत्रको '''पहिलो विशेषज्ञता''' मानिन्छ, जसले पछि आफ्नै विशेष विधाहरूसहितको मान्यता प्राप्त शैक्षिक उपाधि (degree) विकास गरेको छ। दन्त चिकित्साले प्रायः अहिले धेरै हदसम्म अप्रचलित भइसकेको 'स्टोमेटोलोजी' (मुख र यसका रोग तथा विकारहरूको अध्ययन) नामक चिकित्सा विशेषज्ञतालाई पनि समेटेको बुझिन्छ, जसका कारण कतिपय क्षेत्रहरूमा यी दुई शब्दहरूलाई एकअर्काको सट्टामा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यद्यपि, केही विशेषज्ञताहरू जस्तै ओरल एण्ड म्याक्सिलोफेसियल सर्जरी (अनुहारको पुनर्निर्माण/OMFS) पूरा गर्न मेडिकल र डेन्टल दुवै डिग्री आवश्यक पर्न सक्छ।<ref>{{Citation |title=Dentistry |date=2026-04-08 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dentistry&oldid=1347732393 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-04-22 |language=en}}</ref> दन्त उपचार एक '''दन्त टोली'''द्वारा गरिन्छ, जसमा प्रायः एक दन्त चिकित्सक र दन्त सहयोगीहरू (जस्तै डेन्टल असिस्टेन्ट, डेन्टल हाइजिनिस्ट, डेन्टल टेक्निसियन, र डेन्टल थेरापिस्ट) समावेश हुन्छन्। धेरैजसो दन्त चिकित्सकहरू कि त निजी क्लिनिकहरू (प्राथमिक हेरचाह), दन्त अस्पतालहरू, वा अन्य संस्थाहरू (माध्यमिक हेरचाह जस्तै जेल, सशस्त्र बलका आधार शिविरहरू, आदि) मा काम गर्छन्। '''प्रमाण-आधारित दन्त चिकित्सा''' (evidence-based dentistry) को आधुनिक अभियानले निर्णय प्रक्रियालाई मार्गदर्शन गर्न उच्च गुणस्तरको वैज्ञानिक अनुसन्धान र प्रमाणहरूको प्रयोगमा जोड दिन्छ। यस अन्तर्गत म्यानुअल दाँतको संरक्षण, फ्लोराइडयुक्त पानी र फ्लोराइड टुथपेस्टको प्रयोग, दाँत कीराले खाने र गिजाको रोग (periodontitis) जस्ता मुखका रोगहरूको उपचार पर्दछन्। यसका साथै अस्टियोपोरोसिस, मधुमेह, सिलियाक रोग, क्यान्सर, अटोइम्यून रोगहरू र एचआईभी/एड्स (HIV/AIDS) जस्ता प्रणालीगत रोगहरू (जसले मुखको गुहालाई पनि असर गर्न सक्छ) को व्यवस्थापन पनि यसैमा पर्दछ। ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} slhrm4etmmoils5avbnft6pv8y6zugp 0 150175 1355887 1355163 2026-05-18T13:19:39Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 275 | image1 = Processing gold.jpg | alt1 = | caption1 = Gold [[smelting]] workers in [[Siuna]], Nicaragua in the late 20th century | image2 = Pouring gold.jpg | alt2 = | caption2 = [[Casting (metalworking)|Casting]], the process of pouring molten metal into a mold }}'''धातु विज्ञान''' धातुको भौतिक र रासायनिक गुण, तिनीहरूको अन्तर-धातु यौगिकहरू, र तिनीहरूको मिश्रणहरू, (जसलाई [[मिश्रधातु|मिश्र धातु]] भनिन्छ), अध्ययन गर्ने "[[पदार्थ विज्ञान]] र [[इन्जिनियरिङ]]"को एक क्षेत्र हो । धातु विज्ञानले धातुको उत्पादन र इन्जिनियरिङ सहित धातुको विज्ञान र प्रविधि दुवैलाई समेट्छ। धातु विज्ञान धातुकार्य भन्दा भिन्न छ, यसले धातुकार्यको लागी बैज्ञानिक आधार प्रदान गर्छ । [[चिकित्सा विज्ञान]]ले चिकित्सा अभ्यासलाई समर्थन गरेजस्तै। धातु विज्ञानको विशेषज्ञलाई धातुविज्ञको रूपमा जानिन्छ। ऐतिहासिक रूपमा, धातु विज्ञान मुख्यतया धातुहरूको उत्पादनमा केन्द्रित छ। धातु उत्पादन धातु उत्खननको लागी घाउको प्रशोधनबाट सुरु हुन्छ। धातु उत्पादनको अध्ययनलाई फलाम धातु विज्ञान र गैर-फलाम धातुविज्ञानमा विभाजित गरिएको छ। फलाम-धातु विज्ञानमा [[फलाम]]मा आधारित प्रक्रियाहरू र मिश्र धातुहरू समावेश हुन्छन्, जबकि गैर-फलाम धातु विज्ञानमा अन्य धातुहरूमा आधारित प्रक्रियाहरू अनि मिश्र धातुहरू सामेल हुन्छन्। विश्व धातु उत्पादनको ९५% फलाम धातु पर्दछ ।<ref>[http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/bse/108584/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F "Металлургия"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118031950/http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/bse/108584/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F|date=18 January 2015}}. in ''The [[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]]''. 1979.</ref> == इतिहास == ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[पदार्थ विज्ञान]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} [[श्रेणी:धातुहरू]] cixh4sgjk68vv48k47z7r49zet9o8nl 4 150179 1355888 1355882 2026-05-18T15:40:07Z पर्वत सुवेदी 31224 1355888 wikitext text/x-wiki === [[विकिपिडिया:प्रशासक अधिकारको लागि निवेदन/Saroj|Saroj]] === '''[{{fullurl:विकिपिडिया:प्रशासक अधिकारको लागि निवेदन/Saroj|action=edit}} मत राख्नुहोला]''' {{स्थिति|छलफल जारी <!--don't change this line-->}} {{R-request|Saroj}} ;''२८ मे २०२६ ०८:२२ युटिसी भन्दा पूर्व नसकिने'' म नेपाली विकिपिडियामा प्रशासक अधिकारको लागि निवेदन गर्दछु। म यस परियोजनामा प्रबन्धकको रूपमा कार्यरत रहिसकेको छु र सो जिम्मेवारी अन्तर्गत समुदायका प्रबन्धकीय कार्यहरूमा सक्रिय रूपमा योगदान गर्दै आएको छु। साथै, मैले [[विकिपिडिया:विकिपिडिया एसियाली महिना २०२५|विकिपिडिया एसियाली महिना २०२५]], [[विकिपिडिया:नारीवाद र लोककथा २०२६|नारीवाद र लोककथा २०२६]], र [[Event:अत्यावश्यक ज्ञान अभियान २०२६|अत्यावश्यक ज्ञान अभियान २०२६]] जस्ता अभियानहरूको आयोजना गरेको छु। हाल नेपाली विकिपिडियामा सक्रिय प्रशासकहरूको सङ्ख्या सीमित भएकाले प्रशासकीय कार्यहरू, विशेषगरी विशेषाधिकार तथा बोट अनुमोदन अनुरोधहरू, समयमा सम्पन्न हुन ढिलाइ हुने स्थिति देखिएको छ। सक्रिय प्रशासकको उपलब्धता बढेमा यी कार्यहरू अझ प्रभावकारी र समयमै सम्पन्न गर्न सहज हुनेछ। म अङ्ग्रेजी विकिकथन र विकिडेटामा प्रबन्धक तथा अङ्ग्रेजी विकिकथनमा प्रशासकको रूपमा कार्यरत छु र अधिकार प्रयोग तथा प्रक्रिया व्यवस्थापनसँग परिचित छु। म समुदायका नीतिहरूको पालना गर्दै, पारदर्शी र जिम्मेवार तरिकाले यो अधिकार प्रयोग गर्ने प्रतिबद्धता व्यक्त गर्दछु। --[[User:Saroj|Saroj]] ([[User talk:Saroj|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) १४:०७, १४ मे २०२६ (नेपाली समय) ==== '''समर्थन''' ==== * {{समर्थन}} प्रशासक बन्नका लागि सबै मापदण्ड पूरा गरेको र एक अनुभवी प्रयोगकर्ताको अतिरिक्त सक्रिय प्रबन्धक भएको नाताले मेरो तर्फबाट उहाँलाई पूर्ण समर्थन छ[[प्रयोगकर्ता:हिमाल सुवेदी|हिमाल सुवेदी]] [[प्रयोगकर्ता वार्ता:हिमाल सुवेदी|कुरा गर्ने]] २०:२८, १६ मे २०२६ (नेपाली समय) *:i Agree [[विशेष:Contributions/&#126;2026-29710-05|&#126;2026-29710-05]] ([[प्रयोगकर्ता वार्ता:&#126;2026-29710-05|वार्तालाप]]) १६:३७, १८ मे २०२६ (नेपाली समय) * {{समर्थन}} माथि उल्लेखित कारण अनुसार [[User:Himvat|Himvat]] ([[User talk:Himvat|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) १४:३२, १७ मे २०२६ (नेपाली समय) * {{समर्थन}} एक अनुभवी र यो पदको लागि योग्य भएकाले। [[प्रयोगकर्ता:पर्वत सुवेदी|पर्वत सुवेदी]] ([[प्रयोगकर्ता वार्ता:पर्वत सुवेदी|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) २१:२५, ३ जेठ २०८३ (नेपाली समय) ==== '''विरोध''' ==== ==== '''छलफल''' ==== kvyml9y2ujuganxe5gig7in4tz84ujf 0 150219 1355889 2026-05-18T16:39:57Z Saroj 31493 नयाँ लेख 1355889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox television | image = Off Campus logo.webp | genre = [[रोमान्टिक ड्रामा]] | creator = लुइसा लेवी | based_on = {{based on|''अफ-क्याम्पस'' शृङ्खला|[[एल केनेडी]]}} | showrunner = {{Plainlist| * लुइसा लेवी * जिना फाटोरे }} | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[एला ब्राइट]] * [[बेलमोन्ट क्यामेली]] * [[मिका अब्दाला]] * स्टिफन क्यालिन * [[जेलेन थोमस ब्रुक्स]] * [[एन्टोनियो चिप्रियानो]] * [[जोस ह्युस्टन]] * [[स्टिभ हाउइ (अभिनेता)|स्टिभ हाउइ]] }} | music = [[किगन डेविट]] | country = संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका | language = अङ्ग्रेजी | num_seasons = १ | num_episodes = ८ | list_episodes = | executive_producer = {{Plainlist| * जिना फाटोरे * लुइसा लेवी * [[सिल्भर ट्री]] * मार्टी बोवेन * [[वाइक गडफ्रे]] * जेम्स साइडम्यान * नील फ्लाहर्टी * लिआना बिलिङ्स }} | producer = रायन सिल्भा | location = [[भ्यानकुभर]] | cinematography = {{Plainlist| * कोलिन हौल्ट * निक थोमस }} | editor = {{Plainlist| * निकोल ब्रिक * गर्डन रेम्पेल * लिसा रोबिसन * नेथन इस्टरलिङ }} | camera = | runtime = ४६–५६ मिनेट | company = {{Plainlist| * २८ इन ब्लु * ड्राउनिङ गर्ल प्रोडक्सन्स * [[टेम्पल हिल इन्टरटेन्मेन्ट]] * बिलिङ्स प्रोडक्सन्स * [[अमेजन एमजीएम स्टुडियोज]] }} | network = [[अमेजन प्राइम भिडियो]] | first_aired = {{Start date|2026|5|13}} | last_aired = वर्तमान }} '''''अफ क्याम्पस''''' लुइसा लेवीद्वारा अमेजन प्राइम भिडियोका लागि सिर्जना गरिएको एक अमेरिकी रोमान्टिक ड्रामा टेलिभिजन शृङ्खला हो। यो [[एल केनेडी]]को ''अफ-क्याम्पस'' पुस्तक शृङ्खलामा आधारित छ।<ref name="Series order">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2024/10/off-campus-tv-series-elle-kennedys-books-prime-video-1236103731/|title='Off Campus' TV Series Based On Elle Kennedy's Books Ordered By Prime Video|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|first=Nellie|last=Andreeva|date=October 1, 2024|access-date=October 4, 2024}}</ref> ''अफ क्याम्पस'' को प्रिमियर १३ मे २०२६ मा भएको थियो। फेब्रुअरी २०२६ मा, शृङ्खलाको प्रिमियर हुनु अघि नै, यसलाई दोस्रो सिजनका लागि नवीकरण गरिएको थियो। ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} ==बाह्य कडीहरू== * {{IMDb title}} [[श्रेणी:अमेरिकी नाटक टेलिभिजन शृङ्खलाहरू]] [[अङ्ग्रेजी भाषाका टेलिभिजन कार्यक्रमहरू]] {{ठुटो}} s8ym2f4zumt51ks29zsgdqip77lawsv 1355890 1355889 2026-05-18T16:40:47Z Saroj 31493 // Edit via Wikiplus 1355890 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox television | image = Off Campus logo.webp | genre = [[रोमान्टिक ड्रामा]] | creator = लुइसा लेवी | based_on = {{based on|''अफ-क्याम्पस'' शृङ्खला|[[एल केनेडी]]}} | showrunner = {{Plainlist| * लुइसा लेवी * जिना फाटोरे }} | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[एला ब्राइट]] * [[बेलमोन्ट क्यामेली]] * [[मिका अब्दाला]] * स्टिफन क्यालिन * [[जेलेन थोमस ब्रुक्स]] * [[एन्टोनियो चिप्रियानो]] * [[जोस ह्युस्टन]] * [[स्टिभ हाउइ (अभिनेता)|स्टिभ हाउइ]] }} | music = [[किगन डेविट]] | country = संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका | language = अङ्ग्रेजी | num_seasons = १ | num_episodes = ८ | list_episodes = | executive_producer = {{Plainlist| * जिना फाटोरे * लुइसा लेवी * [[सिल्भर ट्री]] * मार्टी बोवेन * [[वाइक गडफ्रे]] * जेम्स साइडम्यान * नील फ्लाहर्टी * लिआना बिलिङ्स }} | producer = रायन सिल्भा | location = [[भ्यानकुभर]] | cinematography = {{Plainlist| * कोलिन हौल्ट * निक थोमस }} | editor = {{Plainlist| * निकोल ब्रिक * गर्डन रेम्पेल * लिसा रोबिसन * नेथन इस्टरलिङ }} | camera = | runtime = ४६–५६ मिनेट | company = {{Plainlist| * २८ इन ब्लु * ड्राउनिङ गर्ल प्रोडक्सन्स * [[टेम्पल हिल इन्टरटेन्मेन्ट]] * बिलिङ्स प्रोडक्सन्स * [[अमेजन एमजीएम स्टुडियोज]] }} | network = [[अमेजन प्राइम भिडियो]] | first_aired = {{Start date|2026|5|13}} | last_aired = वर्तमान }} '''''अफ क्याम्पस''''' लुइसा लेवीद्वारा अमेजन प्राइम भिडियोका लागि सिर्जना गरिएको एक अमेरिकी रोमान्टिक ड्रामा टेलिभिजन शृङ्खला हो। यो [[एल केनेडी]]को ''अफ-क्याम्पस'' पुस्तक शृङ्खलामा आधारित छ।<ref name="Series order">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2024/10/off-campus-tv-series-elle-kennedys-books-prime-video-1236103731/|title='Off Campus' TV Series Based On Elle Kennedy's Books Ordered By Prime Video|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|first=Nellie|last=Andreeva|date=October 1, 2024|access-date=October 4, 2024}}</ref> ''अफ क्याम्पस'' को प्रिमियर १३ मे २०२६ मा भएको थियो। फेब्रुअरी २०२६ मा, शृङ्खलाको प्रिमियर हुनु अघि नै, यसलाई दोस्रो सिजनका लागि नवीकरण गरिएको थियो। ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} ==बाह्य कडीहरू== * {{IMDb title}} [[श्रेणी:अमेरिकी नाटक टेलिभिजन शृङ्खलाहरू]] [[श्रेणी:अङ्ग्रेजी भाषाका टेलिभिजन कार्यक्रमहरू]] {{ठुटो}} 0gl4wv9urwvskmjtf4ext5l7vbjbdsj 6 150220 1355891 2026-05-17T21:03:20Z en>Hwi.padam 0 Uploading a non-free logo using [[Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard|File Upload Wizard]] 1355891 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Summary== {{Non-free use rationale 2 |Description = Logo of Amazon's [[Off Campus]] series, reserve for future seasons |Source = https://www.amazon.com/gp/video/detail/B0GPKJLP7G/ |Article = Off Campus |Purpose = to serve as the primary means of visual identification at the top of the article dedicated to the entity in question. |Replaceability = Any derivative work based upon the logo would be a copyright violation, so creation of a free image is not possible. |Minimality = Only in [[Off Campus]] |Commercial = The use of a low resolution image of an organization's logo in the article about that organization will not impact the commercial viability of the logo. |Other information = {{trademarked}} }} ==Licensing== {{Non-free symbol}} ampo5kom8teyfifbnrhy6e7aj4lwaiq 1355892 1355891 2026-05-18T16:50:20Z Saroj 31493 [[:en:File:Off_Campus_logo.webp]] बाट १ संशोधन(हरू) 1355891 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Summary== {{Non-free use rationale 2 |Description = Logo of Amazon's [[Off Campus]] series, reserve for future seasons |Source = https://www.amazon.com/gp/video/detail/B0GPKJLP7G/ |Article = Off Campus |Purpose = to serve as the primary means of visual identification at the top of the article dedicated to the entity in question. |Replaceability = Any derivative work based upon the logo would be a copyright violation, so creation of a free image is not possible. |Minimality = Only in [[Off Campus]] |Commercial = The use of a low resolution image of an organization's logo in the article about that organization will not impact the commercial viability of the logo. |Other information = {{trademarked}} }} ==Licensing== {{Non-free symbol}} ampo5kom8teyfifbnrhy6e7aj4lwaiq 1355893 1355892 2026-05-18T16:50:54Z Saroj 31493 Saroj ले [[चित्र:Off Campus logo.webp]] अपलोड गरेका छन् 1355891 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Summary== {{Non-free use rationale 2 |Description = Logo of Amazon's [[Off Campus]] series, reserve for future seasons |Source = https://www.amazon.com/gp/video/detail/B0GPKJLP7G/ |Article = Off Campus |Purpose = to serve as the primary means of visual identification at the top of the article dedicated to the entity in question. |Replaceability = Any derivative work based upon the logo would be a copyright violation, so creation of a free image is not possible. |Minimality = Only in [[Off Campus]] |Commercial = The use of a low resolution image of an organization's logo in the article about that organization will not impact the commercial viability of the logo. |Other information = {{trademarked}} }} ==Licensing== {{Non-free symbol}} ampo5kom8teyfifbnrhy6e7aj4lwaiq 1355894 1355893 2026-05-18T16:51:23Z Saroj 31493 // Edit via Wikiplus 1355894 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Summary== {{Non-free use rationale 2 |Description = Logo of Amazon's [[अफ क्याम्पस]] series, reserve for future seasons |Source = https://www.amazon.com/gp/video/detail/B0GPKJLP7G/ |Article = अफ क्याम्पस |Purpose = to serve as the primary means of visual identification at the top of the article dedicated to the entity in question. |Replaceability = Any derivative work based upon the logo would be a copyright violation, so creation of a free image is not possible. |Minimality = Only in [[अफ क्याम्पस]] |Commercial = The use of a low resolution image of an organization's logo in the article about that organization will not impact the commercial viability of the logo. |Other information = {{trademarked}} }} ==Licensing== {{Non-free symbol}} jca9veif44dr6b646felepkokq3wpdf 0 150221 1355898 2026-05-19T00:33:18Z Srsh101 60743 "[[:hi:Special:Redirect/revision/6508828|उपकरण]]"पृष्ठलाई अनुवाद गरि सृजना गरियो 1355898 wikitext text/x-wiki [[चित्र:Hammer2.jpg|दायाँ|अङ्गुठाकार|मुङ्ग्रो]] '''ज्याबलहरू''' भनेको कुनै कार्यलाई सहज बनाउने, सरल बनाउने वा सहज बनाउने उपकरण हुन्। केही उपकरणहरूले ती कार्यहरू पनि गर्न सक्छन् जुन तिनीहरू बिना सम्भव हुँदैनन्। [[सरल यन्त्र]]लाई सबैभन्दा सरल ज्याबल भन्न सकिन्छ। [[श्रेणी:उपकरण]] pi5cm1m1ilnaf92s51hoycx9nie1nhv 0 150222 1355900 2026-05-19T00:52:55Z Srsh101 60743 "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348306118|Nut (hardware)]]"पृष्ठलाई अनुवाद गरि सृजना गरियो 1355900 wikitext text/x-wiki [[चित्र:M4_Inbusschraube_focusstacked.jpg|अङ्गुठाकार|एउटा [[पेच]]माथी लगाएको ढिम्री]] प्वालभित्र पेच भएको, डन्डीमा कस्ने चार वा छपाटे फलामको गोलाकार भएको चक्कालाई ढिम्री भनिन्छ। [[श्रेणी:उपकरणहरू]] [[श्रेणी:उपकरण]] ga078mvhlx6h2wjq5cyc3idbngeebcz 0 150223 1355901 2026-05-19T00:59:44Z Srsh101 60743 "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1279009853|Marking gauge]]"पृष्ठलाई अनुवाद गरि सृजना गरियो 1355901 wikitext text/x-wiki [[चित्र:Marking_gauges.jpg|दायाँ|अङ्गुठाकार|300x300पिक्सेल|खरकस]] खरकस भनेको काठमा खोल झिक्न तथा काठ ताछ्नका लागि सोझो चिनो लाउन प्रयोग गरिने, बिचमा सानो किलो गाडेको सिकर्मीको एउटा ज्याबल हो। [[श्रेणी:उपकरण]] 8xnrvfm7d67sdu9zuly5mk1fk8nt0q0 0 150224 1355902 2026-05-19T02:14:39Z Srsh101 60743 "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352196710|Saucepan]]"पृष्ठलाई अनुवाद गरि सृजना गरियो 1355902 wikitext text/x-wiki [[चित्र:Kupferkasserolle_Stielkasserolle_16_cm_Casserole.jpg|अङ्गुठाकार|बिर्को बिनाको दिउरे]] '''दिउरे''' वा '''दिउरो''' भनेको आरी वा डेक्चीका आकारको बिटसमेत भएको एउटा सानो भाँडो हो। [[श्रेणी:भान्सा]] [[श्रेणी:भान्छाघर]] 4113xai74lzybe3ndbexfyf82u68hhq 0 150225 1355903 2026-05-19T02:49:27Z ~2026-29901-53 78698 वसन्त शमशेर पर्वकाे बारेमा 1355903 wikitext text/x-wiki भिम शमशेरका पालामा वसन्त शमशेर र यज्ञ शमशेरलाई राजगद्दी ताक्ने षड्यन्त्र गरेकाे आरोपमा राम शमशेरले यज्ञ शमशेरलाई १२ बर्ष नजरबन्द राखेकाे घटना 64fhs76wplz574g06r677pswdy4yopt 3 150226 1355904 2026-05-19T02:55:30Z नेपाली विकिपिडिया स्वागत 28168 [[ढाँचा:नमस्ते|स्वागतम्]] 1355904 wikitext text/x-wiki ==विकिपिडियामा स्वागत छ!== <div style="width: 99%; color: #111; {{box-shadow|0|1px|3px|rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35)}} {{border-radius|2px}}"> <div style="overflow:hidden; height:auto; background: #fff; width: 100%; padding-bottom:18px;"> <div style="font-size: 36px; margin-top: 24px;margin-left: 16px; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; line-height: 1.2em;">नमस्ते, Indrakhadka447ज्यू</div> <div style="font-size: 24px; padding-top: 0px; margin-left: 16px; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; line-height:1.2em; color: #666; "> [[नेपाली विकिपिडिया]]मा हार्दिक [[विकिपिडिया:स्वागत|स्वागत]] छ! </div></div> <div style="vertical-align:middle; color: black; background-color:#fff"> <div style="display: flex; flex-flow: row wrap; background-color:#EAECF0; padding: 10px; padding-left: 25px; "> <div style="font-size: 18px; padding-top: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: center; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; line-height:1.5em; color: #111; "> हालसम्म नेपाली विकिपिडियामा [[विशेष:Statistics|२९,७३९]] लेखहरू छन्। यसलाई बढाउन तपाईंको योगदानको आवश्यकता रहेको छ। आउनुहोस् तपाईं हामी सबै मिलेर नेपाली विकिपिडियालाई विश्वका अन्य प्रमुख [[:meta:List_of_Wikipedias/ne|भाषाका विकिपिडिया जत्ति कै धनी]] बनाऔँ। विकिपिडियाले कुनै पनि व्यक्तिलाई सम्पादन गर्ने अधिकार दिन्छ। मलाई आशा छ कि तपाईंले यहाँ मन पराउनुहुन्छ र योगदान गर्ने निर्णय गर्नुहुन्छ।</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 300px;"><br/> <div style="font-size: 17px; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; line-height:1.2em; font-weight:normal;">[[चित्र:Symbol support2 vote.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] सुरुवात</div> <div style="font-size: 15px;"> * पहिले [[विकिपिडिया:विकिपिडियाको बारेमा|विकिपिडियाको परिचय पृष्ठ]] पढ्नुहोस्। * तपाईंले कसरी [[मद्दत:सहायता विषयसूचि|विकिपिडियामा योगदान गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ]] जान्नुहोस्। * आफ्नो परिचय दिनको लागि तपाईंको [[प्रयोगकर्ता:Indrakhadka447|प्रयोगकर्ता पृष्ठ]] बनाउनुहोला ताकि हामी तपाईंलाई अझ राम्रोसँग चिन्न सक्छौँ। (परिचय दिइरहनु आवश्यक नै भने छैन) </div> </div> <div style="flex: 1 1 300px;"><br/> <div style="font-size: 17px; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; line-height:1.2em; font-weight:normal;">[[चित्र:Artículo bueno-blue.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] सुझावहरू</div> <div style="font-size: 15px;"> * कृपया [[विकिपिडिया:स्वशिक्षा/वार्तालाप पृष्ठ|वार्तालाप पृष्ठ]]मा चारवटा वक्र (<code><nowiki>~~~~</nowiki></code>) प्रयोग गरि हस्ताक्षर गर्नुहोला। यसो गर्नाले वार्तालाप पृष्ठमा स्वत: तपाईंको नाम, वार्ता पृष्ठसूत्र र मिति थपिने छ। * यदि तपाईंलाई विकिपिडियामा केही समस्या परेको छ भने आफ्नो वार्तालाप पृष्ठमा <code>'''<nowiki>{{मद्दत}}</nowiki>'''</code> राख्नु होला। हाम्रा प्रयोगकर्ताहरूले तपाईंको समस्याको समाधान बताउने छन्। * नयाँ पृष्ठहरू [[विकिपिडिया:स्वशिक्षा/सम्पादन|सम्पादन गर्दा]] वा [[विकिपिडिया:कसरी लेख बनाउने?|सिर्जना गर्दा]], [[विकिपिडिया:स्वशिक्षा/सन्दर्भ|सन्दर्भ]]हरू थप्दा वा मेटाउँदा गल्ती गर्न डराउनु पर्दैन किनकि गल्ती जो कोहीबाट हुन् सक्छ। </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 10px; padding-left: 25px; "> <div style="text-align: center;"> {{clickable button 2|विकिपिडिया:कसरी लेख बनाउने?|कसरी लेख बनाउने?|class=mw-ui-constructive center}} </div> <div style="text-align: center;"> {{clickable button 2|विकिपिडिया:चिया घर|यदि तपाईंसँग प्रश्नहरू छन् भने यहाँ सोध्नुहोस्|class=mw-ui-constructive center}} </div> </div> </div> </div> '''स्वागतम्''', हामी नेपाली विकिपिडियामा तपाईंको सम्पादनको लागि पर्खिरहेका छौँ! -- [[User:नेपाली विकिपिडिया स्वागत|नेपाली विकिपिडिया स्वागत]] ([[User talk:नेपाली विकिपिडिया स्वागत|कुरा गर्नुहोस्]]) ०८:४०, १९ मे २०२६ (नेपाली समय) daazjgadv84s18fcf5tmxniaiy2hbau 0 150227 1355905 2026-05-19T03:11:06Z Indrakhadka447 78699 दासढुङ्गा दुर्घटना 1355905 wikitext text/x-wiki दासढुङ्गा दुर्घटना नेपालको चर्चित रहस्यमय राजनीतिक घटना हाे र यो दुर्घटना वि.सं. २०५० जेठ ३ गते चितवनको दासढुङ्गा क्षेत्रमा भएको थियो।यस दुर्घटनामा मदन भण्डारी र जिवराज आश्रितको मृत्यु भएको थियो।घटना अनुसार उनीहरू चढेको जीप त्रिशूली नदीतर्फ खसेको थियो। जीपका चालक अमर लामा भने जीवित बचेका थिए। पछि चालक अमर लामाको पनि रहस्यमय रूपमा हत्या भएपछि यो घटनालाई अझ रहस्यमय मानियो। दासढुङ्गा दुर्घटनाको महत्वनेपालमा बहुदलीय प्रजातन्त्रपछि भएको ठूलो राजनीतिक घटना मानिन्छ owxtf4ojenkamj5bku67zoueujk1mic 0 150228 1355906 2026-05-19T03:50:14Z Srsh101 60743 "[[:hi:Special:Redirect/revision/6205114|बसूला]]"पृष्ठलाई अनुवाद गरि सृजना गरियो 1355906 wikitext text/x-wiki [[चित्र:Adze.jpg|दायाँ|अङ्गुठाकार|300x300पिक्सेल|बसिला]] '''बसिला''' [[बन्चरो]] जस्तै एउटा काठ काट्ने ज्याबल हो। यो काठको सतहहरू चिल्लो पार्न प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसको धार काठ माथी तानेर, काठका पात्रा निकालेर काठ चिल्लो पारिन्छ। [[श्रेणी:उपकरण]] r3j5o0vlskd0o5d8wfqj4w37oq99lpb 0 150229 1355923 2026-05-19T07:31:48Z Bishaldev100 28807 "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326598821|Myanmar–Nepal relations]]"पृष्ठलाई अनुवाद गरि सृजना गरियो 1355923 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[Myanmar|म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[Nepal|नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> == य पनि हेर्नुहोस् == * नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी == सन्दर्भहरू == {{Reflist}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010}} * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} 4j1okvuaqm6wwcm413kwlf9ke24b09h 1355924 1355923 2026-05-19T07:32:31Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355924 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[Myanmar|म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[Nepal|नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010}} * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} tkg7k6vocy3v7zmzcz44l4e61l58zr7 1355930 1355924 2026-05-19T07:47:24Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355930 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[Myanmar|म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[Nepal|नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्धपछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010}} * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} o0nqiisix9hn7kf791gb7g2h8lodxra 1355931 1355930 2026-05-19T07:47:52Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* थप पढ्नुहोस् */ 1355931 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[Myanmar|म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[Nepal|नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्धपछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} 40hbu5z8kvgbecmq5uxf6lf981tfqqa 1355936 1355931 2026-05-19T07:56:08Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355936 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[Myanmar|म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[Nepal|नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> नेपाल र म्यानमार दुवै [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास|बिमस्टेक]]"बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास"को सदस्य राष्ट्र हुन् । == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्धपछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । == भ्रमण आदानप्रदान == विभिन्न स्तरमा भ्रमण आदानप्रदानबाट दुई देशबीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध अझ सुदृढ भएको छ। केही महत्त्वपूर्ण भ्रमणहरू तल सूचीबद्ध गरिएका छन्: * राष्ट्रपति [[विद्यादेवी भण्डारी]] १६ देखि २० अक्टोबर २०१९ राजकीय भ्रमण । * प्रधानसेनापति जनरल [[राजेन्द्र क्षत्री|राजेन्द्र क्षेत्री]]ले ४-८ जुलाई २०१८ मा म्यानमारको सद्भावना भ्रमण । यो नेपालका प्रधानसेनापतिको म्यानमारको पहिलो भ्रमण थियो। * प्रधानमन्त्री [[सुशील कोइराला]]ले ४ मार्च २०१४ मा तेस्रो बिमस्टेक शिखर सम्मेलनमा भाग लिन म्यानमारको भ्रमण। * १९८०- प्रधानमन्त्री [[कीर्तीनिधि विष्ट|कीर्ति निधि बिष्ट]]को आधिकारिक भ्रमण * १९८०- [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण * १९७०- [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} 7ygbij4axcpt90hzr7yat39zoebinlg 1355937 1355936 2026-05-19T07:56:55Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* भ्रमण आदानप्रदान */ 1355937 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[Myanmar|म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[Nepal|नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> नेपाल र म्यानमार दुवै [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास|बिमस्टेक]]"बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास"को सदस्य राष्ट्र हुन् । == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्धपछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । == भ्रमण आदानप्रदान == विभिन्न स्तरमा भ्रमण आदानप्रदानबाट दुई देशबीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध अझ सुदृढ भएको छ। केही महत्त्वपूर्ण भ्रमणहरू तल सूचीबद्ध गरिएका छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEPAL-MYANMAR RELATIONS {{!}} Ministry Of Foreign Affairs |url=https://mofa.gov.np/content/1483/nepal-myanmar-relations/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=mofa.gov.np |language=en}}</ref> * राष्ट्रपति [[विद्यादेवी भण्डारी]] १६ देखि २० अक्टोबर २०१९ राजकीय भ्रमण । * प्रधानसेनापति जनरल [[राजेन्द्र क्षत्री|राजेन्द्र क्षेत्री]]ले ४-८ जुलाई २०१८ मा म्यानमारको सद्भावना भ्रमण । यो नेपालका प्रधानसेनापतिको म्यानमारको पहिलो भ्रमण थियो। * प्रधानमन्त्री [[सुशील कोइराला]]ले ४ मार्च २०१४ मा तेस्रो बिमस्टेक शिखर सम्मेलनमा भाग लिन म्यानमारको भ्रमण। * १९८०- प्रधानमन्त्री [[कीर्तीनिधि विष्ट|कीर्ति निधि बिष्ट]]को आधिकारिक भ्रमण * १९८०- [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण * १९७०- [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} 1zl7lmmfh5ymv8zfml6h7brdv5w9402 1355938 1355937 2026-05-19T07:57:18Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* थप पढ्नुहोस् */ 1355938 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[Myanmar|म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[Nepal|नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> नेपाल र म्यानमार दुवै [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास|बिमस्टेक]]"बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास"को सदस्य राष्ट्र हुन् । == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्धपछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । == भ्रमण आदानप्रदान == विभिन्न स्तरमा भ्रमण आदानप्रदानबाट दुई देशबीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध अझ सुदृढ भएको छ। केही महत्त्वपूर्ण भ्रमणहरू तल सूचीबद्ध गरिएका छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEPAL-MYANMAR RELATIONS {{!}} Ministry Of Foreign Affairs |url=https://mofa.gov.np/content/1483/nepal-myanmar-relations/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=mofa.gov.np |language=en}}</ref> * राष्ट्रपति [[विद्यादेवी भण्डारी]] १६ देखि २० अक्टोबर २०१९ राजकीय भ्रमण । * प्रधानसेनापति जनरल [[राजेन्द्र क्षत्री|राजेन्द्र क्षेत्री]]ले ४-८ जुलाई २०१८ मा म्यानमारको सद्भावना भ्रमण । यो नेपालका प्रधानसेनापतिको म्यानमारको पहिलो भ्रमण थियो। * प्रधानमन्त्री [[सुशील कोइराला]]ले ४ मार्च २०१४ मा तेस्रो बिमस्टेक शिखर सम्मेलनमा भाग लिन म्यानमारको भ्रमण। * १९८०- प्रधानमन्त्री [[कीर्तीनिधि विष्ट|कीर्ति निधि बिष्ट]]को आधिकारिक भ्रमण * १९८०- [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण * १९७०- [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] 1wq89jyrzs3eve5bh936l830mc9z698 1355940 1355938 2026-05-19T07:58:11Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* थप पढ्नुहोस् */ 1355940 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[Myanmar|म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[Nepal|नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> नेपाल र म्यानमार दुवै [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास|बिमस्टेक]]"बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास"को सदस्य राष्ट्र हुन् । == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्धपछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । == भ्रमण आदानप्रदान == विभिन्न स्तरमा भ्रमण आदानप्रदानबाट दुई देशबीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध अझ सुदृढ भएको छ। केही महत्त्वपूर्ण भ्रमणहरू तल सूचीबद्ध गरिएका छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEPAL-MYANMAR RELATIONS {{!}} Ministry Of Foreign Affairs |url=https://mofa.gov.np/content/1483/nepal-myanmar-relations/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=mofa.gov.np |language=en}}</ref> * राष्ट्रपति [[विद्यादेवी भण्डारी]] १६ देखि २० अक्टोबर २०१९ राजकीय भ्रमण । * प्रधानसेनापति जनरल [[राजेन्द्र क्षत्री|राजेन्द्र क्षेत्री]]ले ४-८ जुलाई २०१८ मा म्यानमारको सद्भावना भ्रमण । यो नेपालका प्रधानसेनापतिको म्यानमारको पहिलो भ्रमण थियो। * प्रधानमन्त्री [[सुशील कोइराला]]ले ४ मार्च २०१४ मा तेस्रो बिमस्टेक शिखर सम्मेलनमा भाग लिन म्यानमारको भ्रमण। * १९८०- प्रधानमन्त्री [[कीर्तीनिधि विष्ट|कीर्ति निधि बिष्ट]]को आधिकारिक भ्रमण * १९८०- [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण * १९७०- [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] 7bttoa0k9co1bknsmkq0ol4jjac9dp8 1355942 1355940 2026-05-19T07:58:47Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* इतिहास */ 1355942 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[Myanmar|म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[Nepal|नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> नेपाल र म्यानमार दुवै [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास|बिमस्टेक]]"बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास"को सदस्य राष्ट्र हुन् । == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। [[नेपाल अङ्ग्रेज युद्ध|नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्ध]]पछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । == भ्रमण आदानप्रदान == विभिन्न स्तरमा भ्रमण आदानप्रदानबाट दुई देशबीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध अझ सुदृढ भएको छ। केही महत्त्वपूर्ण भ्रमणहरू तल सूचीबद्ध गरिएका छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEPAL-MYANMAR RELATIONS {{!}} Ministry Of Foreign Affairs |url=https://mofa.gov.np/content/1483/nepal-myanmar-relations/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=mofa.gov.np |language=en}}</ref> * राष्ट्रपति [[विद्यादेवी भण्डारी]] १६ देखि २० अक्टोबर २०१९ राजकीय भ्रमण । * प्रधानसेनापति जनरल [[राजेन्द्र क्षत्री|राजेन्द्र क्षेत्री]]ले ४-८ जुलाई २०१८ मा म्यानमारको सद्भावना भ्रमण । यो नेपालका प्रधानसेनापतिको म्यानमारको पहिलो भ्रमण थियो। * प्रधानमन्त्री [[सुशील कोइराला]]ले ४ मार्च २०१४ मा तेस्रो बिमस्टेक शिखर सम्मेलनमा भाग लिन म्यानमारको भ्रमण। * १९८०- प्रधानमन्त्री [[कीर्तीनिधि विष्ट|कीर्ति निधि बिष्ट]]को आधिकारिक भ्रमण * १९८०- [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण * १९७०- [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] otml8xiteh111x8qameglpo0gxxn5nj 1355946 1355942 2026-05-19T08:12:28Z ~2026-29768-28 78708 1355946 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> नेपाल र म्यानमार दुवै [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास|बिमस्टेक]]"बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास"को सदस्य राष्ट्र हुन् । == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। [[नेपाल अङ्ग्रेज युद्ध|नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्ध]]पछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । == भ्रमण आदानप्रदान == विभिन्न स्तरमा भ्रमण आदानप्रदानबाट दुई देशबीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध अझ सुदृढ भएको छ। केही महत्त्वपूर्ण भ्रमणहरू तल सूचीबद्ध गरिएका छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEPAL-MYANMAR RELATIONS {{!}} Ministry Of Foreign Affairs |url=https://mofa.gov.np/content/1483/nepal-myanmar-relations/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=mofa.gov.np |language=en}}</ref> * राष्ट्रपति [[विद्यादेवी भण्डारी]] १६ देखि २० अक्टोबर २०१९ राजकीय भ्रमण । * प्रधानसेनापति जनरल [[राजेन्द्र क्षत्री|राजेन्द्र क्षेत्री]]ले ४-८ जुलाई २०१८ मा म्यानमारको सद्भावना भ्रमण । यो नेपालका प्रधानसेनापतिको म्यानमारको पहिलो भ्रमण थियो। * प्रधानमन्त्री [[सुशील कोइराला]]ले ४ मार्च २०१४ मा तेस्रो बिमस्टेक शिखर सम्मेलनमा भाग लिन म्यानमारको भ्रमण। * १९८०- प्रधानमन्त्री [[कीर्तीनिधि विष्ट|कीर्ति निधि बिष्ट]]को आधिकारिक भ्रमण * १९८०- [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण * १९७०- [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] craseioejf585i3o75d4v38pb1gqkpf 1355960 1355946 2026-05-19T08:59:38Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* यो पनि हेर्नुहोस् */ 1355960 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> नेपाल र म्यानमार दुवै [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास|बिमस्टेक]]"बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास"को सदस्य राष्ट्र हुन् । == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। [[नेपाल अङ्ग्रेज युद्ध|नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्ध]]पछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । == भ्रमण आदानप्रदान == विभिन्न स्तरमा भ्रमण आदानप्रदानबाट दुई देशबीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध अझ सुदृढ भएको छ। केही महत्त्वपूर्ण भ्रमणहरू तल सूचीबद्ध गरिएका छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEPAL-MYANMAR RELATIONS {{!}} Ministry Of Foreign Affairs |url=https://mofa.gov.np/content/1483/nepal-myanmar-relations/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=mofa.gov.np |language=en}}</ref> * राष्ट्रपति [[विद्यादेवी भण्डारी]] १६ देखि २० अक्टोबर २०१९ राजकीय भ्रमण । * प्रधानसेनापति जनरल [[राजेन्द्र क्षत्री|राजेन्द्र क्षेत्री]]ले ४-८ जुलाई २०१८ मा म्यानमारको सद्भावना भ्रमण । यो नेपालका प्रधानसेनापतिको म्यानमारको पहिलो भ्रमण थियो। * प्रधानमन्त्री [[सुशील कोइराला]]ले ४ मार्च २०१४ मा तेस्रो बिमस्टेक शिखर सम्मेलनमा भाग लिन म्यानमारको भ्रमण। * १९८०- प्रधानमन्त्री [[कीर्तीनिधि विष्ट|कीर्ति निधि बिष्ट]]को आधिकारिक भ्रमण * १९८०- [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण * १९७०- [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिङ्ग्या शरणार्थी|नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] l5z1tkt4w0fnttb3c83vg9ler0qxpb8 1355975 1355960 2026-05-19T09:51:42Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* यो पनि हेर्नुहोस् */ 1355975 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> नेपाल र म्यानमार दुवै [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास|बिमस्टेक]]"बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास"को सदस्य राष्ट्र हुन् । == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। [[नेपाल अङ्ग्रेज युद्ध|नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्ध]]पछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । == भ्रमण आदानप्रदान == विभिन्न स्तरमा भ्रमण आदानप्रदानबाट दुई देशबीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध अझ सुदृढ भएको छ। केही महत्त्वपूर्ण भ्रमणहरू तल सूचीबद्ध गरिएका छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEPAL-MYANMAR RELATIONS {{!}} Ministry Of Foreign Affairs |url=https://mofa.gov.np/content/1483/nepal-myanmar-relations/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=mofa.gov.np |language=en}}</ref> * राष्ट्रपति [[विद्यादेवी भण्डारी]] १६ देखि २० अक्टोबर २०१९ राजकीय भ्रमण । * प्रधानसेनापति जनरल [[राजेन्द्र क्षत्री|राजेन्द्र क्षेत्री]]ले ४-८ जुलाई २०१८ मा म्यानमारको सद्भावना भ्रमण । यो नेपालका प्रधानसेनापतिको म्यानमारको पहिलो भ्रमण थियो। * प्रधानमन्त्री [[सुशील कोइराला]]ले ४ मार्च २०१४ मा तेस्रो बिमस्टेक शिखर सम्मेलनमा भाग लिन म्यानमारको भ्रमण। * १९८०- प्रधानमन्त्री [[कीर्तीनिधि विष्ट|कीर्ति निधि बिष्ट]]को आधिकारिक भ्रमण * १९८०- [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण * १९७०- [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिङ्ग्या शरणार्थी|नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] * [[बर्मेली नेपाली]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] 8mhxf8veg0omq4r1bshn2ox7ioqzqur 1355976 1355975 2026-05-19T10:09:54Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355976 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="5" |नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Myanmar_Nepal_Locator.svg|250x250पिक्सेल|Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Nepal]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey;color:inherit;" | |- style="height:0.6em" | style="background:#339933;color:inherit;" | | style="background:#E08020;color:inherit;" | |- ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center" |[[File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|बोर्डर|45x45पिक्सेल]]<br />[[म्यानमार]] ! scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;" |[[File:Flag_of_Nepal.svg|कडी=|पाठ=|30x30पिक्सेल| ]]<br />[[नेपाल]] |} '''[[नेपाल]]-[[म्यानमार]]''' बिचको [[कूटनीति|द्विपक्षीय विदेश सम्बन्ध]] आधिकारिक रूपमा १९ मार्च १९६० मा स्थापित भएको थियो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal, Myanmar sign trade agreement |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/134517/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Setopati}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mm.nepalembassy.gov.np/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=Embassy of Nepal – Yangon, Myanmar |language=en-US}}</ref> याङ्गुनमा नेपालको दूतावास छ र [[काठमाडौँ]] मा म्यानमारको दूतावास छ।<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Bijaya |date=5 March 2021 |title=IN PICS: Civil society members stage protest in front of Myanmar Embassy |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/in-pics-civil-society-members-stage-protest-in-front-of-myanmar-embassy/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref> नेपाल र म्यानमार दुवै [[बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास|बिमस्टेक]]"बहुक्षेत्रीय प्राविधिक तथा आर्थिक सहयोगका लागि बङ्गालको खाडीको प्रयास"को सदस्य राष्ट्र हुन् । म्यानमारमा डेढ लाख नेपालीभाषी अहिले पनि छन् । तीमध्ये केही रोजगारीको सिलसिलामा बर्माबाट थाइल्यान्ड वा अन्य देश गएका छन् । दोस्रो विश्वयुद्ध अघिसम्म नेपालीहरू काम खोज्नमात्र नभई बसाइँ सरेरै जाने देश बर्मा  हो। <ref>{{Cite web |title=विचार {{!}} बर्मामा भेटिने ‘नेपाल’ |url=https://ekantipur.com/opinion/2019/10/18/157136780451394114.html |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=Ekantipur |language=ne}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ekagaj.com/news/detail/8549/|title=नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्धको धागो|last=खडेरी|first=सन्तोष|date=फागुन २६, २०७७}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=‘बर्मा गए कर्म सँगै ! नेपाल गए कपाल सँगै !’ |url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2019/04/755967/%e0%a4%ac%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%97%e0%a4%8f-%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ae-%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%81%e0%a4%97%e0%a5%88-%e0%a4%a8%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%aa%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b2 |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=Online Khabar |language=en-US}}</ref> == इतिहास == जनरल [[भीमसेन थापा]]को समयमा नेपालको बर्मासित पनि दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित गर्ने प्रयास भएको थियो। [[नेपाल अङ्ग्रेज युद्ध|नेपाल-अंग्रेज युद्ध]]पछी बर्मासरकारले-हिन्दुस्थानमा मालसामान किन्न आएका एक व्यापारीमार्फत कलकत्तास्थित नेपाली दुतछेउ सन्देश पठाई नेपाल सरकारसित सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्ने अभिलाषा प्रकट गर्‍यो। संवत्‌ १८७५ पौष वदि ३० रोज १ का दिन [[कोलकाता|कलकत्ता]]बाट वकील चन्द्रशेखर उपाध्यायले मुख्तियारलाई यस्तो लेखेका थिए तापनि तुरुन्त नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दोत्यसम्बन्धका निम्ति स्थिति अनुकूल हुन सकेन। संवत्‌ १८७५ मा नै सम्बन्ध स्थापनार्थ कुराकानी चलाउन आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मा पठायो ।<ref>{{cite book|title=जनरल भीमसेन थापा र तत्कालीन नेपाल|author=[[चित्तरञ्जन नेपाली]]|page=129-133|date=2020 BS|publisher=मेरी राजभण्डारी|isbn=|url=}}</ref> नेपाली दूतले बर्मा गई कुराकानी गर्नका निम्ति नेपालसरकारले एउटा अख्तियारको सवालपत्र गरिदिएको थियो । तर नेपालसरकारले आफ्नो दूतलाई बर्मासम्म पठाए पनि तथा बर्मासरकारको इच्छासमेत भएर पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापित हुन सकेन । यसको एक जबर्जस्त कारण थियो- अंग्रेजी साम्राज्यवादी शक्ति। बृटिश कंपनीसरकार "नेपालले बर्मासित सम्बन्ध जोडोस्‌" भन्ने कहिल्यै चाहेन, किनभने यसबाट उ आफूलाई खतरा सम्झन्थ्यो । संवत्‌ १८८१ सालमा बर्मा र बृटिश भारतको बीच पहिलो युद्ध छेडिन गएकोले पनि नेपाल र बर्माको बीच दौत्यसम्बन्ध स्थापनाका निमित्त औपचारिक ढंगबाट कुरा चलाउनमा ढीलो हुन गयो । == भ्रमण आदानप्रदान == विभिन्न स्तरमा भ्रमण आदानप्रदानबाट दुई देशबीचको द्विपक्षीय सम्बन्ध अझ सुदृढ भएको छ। केही महत्त्वपूर्ण भ्रमणहरू तल सूचीबद्ध गरिएका छन्:<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEPAL-MYANMAR RELATIONS {{!}} Ministry Of Foreign Affairs |url=https://mofa.gov.np/content/1483/nepal-myanmar-relations/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |website=mofa.gov.np |language=en}}</ref> * राष्ट्रपति [[विद्यादेवी भण्डारी]] १६ देखि २० अक्टोबर २०१९ राजकीय भ्रमण । * प्रधानसेनापति जनरल [[राजेन्द्र क्षत्री|राजेन्द्र क्षेत्री]]ले ४-८ जुलाई २०१८ मा म्यानमारको सद्भावना भ्रमण । यो नेपालका प्रधानसेनापतिको म्यानमारको पहिलो भ्रमण थियो। * प्रधानमन्त्री [[सुशील कोइराला]]ले ४ मार्च २०१४ मा तेस्रो बिमस्टेक शिखर सम्मेलनमा भाग लिन म्यानमारको भ्रमण। * १९८०- प्रधानमन्त्री [[कीर्तीनिधि विष्ट|कीर्ति निधि बिष्ट]]को आधिकारिक भ्रमण * १९८०- [[वीरेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा वीरेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण * १९७०- [[महेन्द्र वीरविक्रम शाह|राजा महेन्द्र]]को राजकीय भ्रमण ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपालमा रोहिङ्ग्या शरणार्थी|नेपालमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] * [[बर्मेली नेपाली]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} == थप पढ्नुहोस् == * {{Cite book|last=Śreshṭha|first=Hiraṇyalāla|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_0kMwEACAAJ|title=Nepal Myanmar Relations|date=2010|publisher=Janmaitri Prakashan|isbn=978-9937-2-2152-8|language=en}} {{नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध|म्यानमार ]] gw8laz8pi9b9j11y3u2cc0mlj8u7o7v 0 150230 1355956 2026-05-19T08:58:29Z Bishaldev100 28807 "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1214124416|Rohingya refugees in Nepal]]"पृष्ठलाई अनुवाद गरि सृजना गरियो 1355956 wikitext text/x-wiki '''रोहिङ्ग्या शरणार्थी'''हरू [[म्यानमार]] [[राखाइन राज्य|राखाइन]] राज्यबाट शरण लिन नेपाल आएका [[रोहिङ्ग्या|रोहिंग्या]] मानिसहरू थिए । रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> == जनसङ्ख्या == नेपालमा रोहिंग्याहरूको सही जनसङ्ख्या अज्ञात छ। कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMagazine">Magazine, New Spolight. [https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ "Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern"]. ''SpotlightNepal''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> == कानूनी स्थिति == नेपालले १९५१ को शरणार्थी महासन्धि वा १९६७ को प्रोटोकलमा हस्ताक्षर नगरेको हुनाले, शरणार्थीहरूको सेवा गर्ने नेपालको कुनै कानुनी दायित्व छैन। यद्यपि, नेपालले [[जेनेभा महासन्धि]]ले तोकेका मानव अधिकार सन्धिहरूलाई अनुमोदन गरेको छ त्यसैले यो रोहिंग्याको अधिकारको रक्षा गर्नुपर्ने बाध्यतामा छ।<ref name="kpost2020" /> यसरी, नेपालले रोहिंग्या समुदायलाई शरणार्थीको रूपमा होइन तर अवैध आप्रवासीको रूपमा मान्यता दिन्छ। संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघीय शरणार्थी एजेन्सीले उनीहरूलाई परिचयपत्र र प्रति परिवार प्रति महिना रु ५,००० भत्ता प्रदान गर्छन् तर यसले उनीहरूको आधारभूत आवश्यकता पूरा गर्दैन। ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rohingyas in Nepal: Give us citizenship or send us elsewhere – OnlineKhabar |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/rohingyas-in-nepal-give-us-citizenship-or-send-us-elsewhere.html |access-date=2020-06-13}}</ref> == अवैध गतिविधि == सन् २०१५ मा पाँच रोहिंग्या शरणार्थीसँग [[मोरङ जिल्ला|मोरङ]] अवैध रूपमा जारी गरिएको नेपाली पासपोर्ट सहित फेला परेका थिए। उनीहरू यी पासपोर्टहरू लिएर सफलतापूर्वक [[साउदी अरब]] प्रवेश गरेका थिए।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMagazine">Magazine, New Spolight. [https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ "Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern"]. ''SpotlightNepal''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> * नेपालमा शरणार्थी * भारतमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी d2bkolrknnmvmvgsq71rudfz0qhlcpi 1355957 1355956 2026-05-19T08:59:10Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355957 wikitext text/x-wiki '''रोहिङ्ग्या शरणार्थी'''हरू [[म्यानमार]] [[राखाइन राज्य|राखाइन]] राज्यबाट शरण लिन नेपाल आएका [[रोहिङ्ग्या|रोहिंग्या]] मानिसहरू थिए । रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> == जनसङ्ख्या == नेपालमा रोहिंग्याहरूको सही जनसङ्ख्या अज्ञात छ। कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMagazine">Magazine, New Spolight. [https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ "Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern"]. ''SpotlightNepal''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> == कानूनी स्थिति == नेपालले १९५१ को शरणार्थी महासन्धि वा १९६७ को प्रोटोकलमा हस्ताक्षर नगरेको हुनाले, शरणार्थीहरूको सेवा गर्ने नेपालको कुनै कानुनी दायित्व छैन। यद्यपि, नेपालले [[जेनेभा महासन्धि]]ले तोकेका मानव अधिकार सन्धिहरूलाई अनुमोदन गरेको छ त्यसैले यो रोहिंग्याको अधिकारको रक्षा गर्नुपर्ने बाध्यतामा छ।<ref name="kpost2020" /> यसरी, नेपालले रोहिंग्या समुदायलाई शरणार्थीको रूपमा होइन तर अवैध आप्रवासीको रूपमा मान्यता दिन्छ। संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघीय शरणार्थी एजेन्सीले उनीहरूलाई परिचयपत्र र प्रति परिवार प्रति महिना रु ५,००० भत्ता प्रदान गर्छन् तर यसले उनीहरूको आधारभूत आवश्यकता पूरा गर्दैन। ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rohingyas in Nepal: Give us citizenship or send us elsewhere – OnlineKhabar |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/rohingyas-in-nepal-give-us-citizenship-or-send-us-elsewhere.html |access-date=2020-06-13}}</ref> == अवैध गतिविधि == सन् २०१५ मा पाँच रोहिंग्या शरणार्थीसँग [[मोरङ जिल्ला|मोरङ]] अवैध रूपमा जारी गरिएको नेपाली पासपोर्ट सहित फेला परेका थिए। उनीहरू यी पासपोर्टहरू लिएर सफलतापूर्वक [[साउदी अरब]] प्रवेश गरेका थिए।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMagazine">Magazine, New Spolight. [https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ "Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern"]. ''SpotlightNepal''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध]] * [[नेपालमा शरणार्थी]] * [[भारतमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] hpb1vmst1r5uz9e1mnqjazo96dumb3q 1355958 1355957 2026-05-19T08:59:21Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* यो पनि हेर्नुहोस् */ 1355958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''रोहिङ्ग्या शरणार्थी'''हरू [[म्यानमार]] [[राखाइन राज्य|राखाइन]] राज्यबाट शरण लिन नेपाल आएका [[रोहिङ्ग्या|रोहिंग्या]] मानिसहरू थिए । रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> == जनसङ्ख्या == नेपालमा रोहिंग्याहरूको सही जनसङ्ख्या अज्ञात छ। कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMagazine">Magazine, New Spolight. [https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ "Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern"]. ''SpotlightNepal''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> == कानूनी स्थिति == नेपालले १९५१ को शरणार्थी महासन्धि वा १९६७ को प्रोटोकलमा हस्ताक्षर नगरेको हुनाले, शरणार्थीहरूको सेवा गर्ने नेपालको कुनै कानुनी दायित्व छैन। यद्यपि, नेपालले [[जेनेभा महासन्धि]]ले तोकेका मानव अधिकार सन्धिहरूलाई अनुमोदन गरेको छ त्यसैले यो रोहिंग्याको अधिकारको रक्षा गर्नुपर्ने बाध्यतामा छ।<ref name="kpost2020" /> यसरी, नेपालले रोहिंग्या समुदायलाई शरणार्थीको रूपमा होइन तर अवैध आप्रवासीको रूपमा मान्यता दिन्छ। संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघीय शरणार्थी एजेन्सीले उनीहरूलाई परिचयपत्र र प्रति परिवार प्रति महिना रु ५,००० भत्ता प्रदान गर्छन् तर यसले उनीहरूको आधारभूत आवश्यकता पूरा गर्दैन। ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rohingyas in Nepal: Give us citizenship or send us elsewhere – OnlineKhabar |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/rohingyas-in-nepal-give-us-citizenship-or-send-us-elsewhere.html |access-date=2020-06-13}}</ref> == अवैध गतिविधि == सन् २०१५ मा पाँच रोहिंग्या शरणार्थीसँग [[मोरङ जिल्ला|मोरङ]] अवैध रूपमा जारी गरिएको नेपाली पासपोर्ट सहित फेला परेका थिए। उनीहरू यी पासपोर्टहरू लिएर सफलतापूर्वक [[साउदी अरब]] प्रवेश गरेका थिए।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMagazine">Magazine, New Spolight. [https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ "Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern"]. ''SpotlightNepal''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ==यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्== * [[नेपाल-म्यानमार सम्बन्ध]] * [[नेपालमा शरणार्थी]] * [[भारतमा रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी]] ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} 59uddflo6w5h8z0qnywc1qcqrvcxb6r 0 150231 1355962 2026-05-19T09:15:14Z Bishaldev100 28807 "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1276597910|Refugees in Nepal]]"पृष्ठलाई अनुवाद गरि सृजना गरियो 1355962 wikitext text/x-wiki [[नेपाल]] मा संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) द्वारा आधिकारिक रूपमा मान्यता प्राप्त ४० हजार ४९० शरणार्थी छन्। भारतीय, तिब्बती, रोहिङ्ग्या र भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू नेपालको शरणार्थी जनसङ्ख्याको ठूलो हिस्सा हुन्। == भुटानबाट आएका शरणार्थी == १९९० को दशकको सुरुवातमा, भूटान सरकारले वंशजको नागरिकता र नागरिक अधिकार हटाउने नयाँ कानून ल्याएपछि लगभग १,०६,००० [[भुटानी शरणार्थी|भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू]] पूर्वी नेपालमा संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघको निरीक्षणमा रहेका सात शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरे।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,IRIN,,BTN,491946b81e,0.html Nepal: Bhutanese refugees find new life beyond the camps] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008021239/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher%2CIRIN%2C%2CBTN%2C491946b81e%2C0.html|date=2012-10-08}}</ref> नेपालमा काम गर्ने वा जग्गा स्वामित्वको अधिकार बिना यी शरणार्थीहरू संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघबाट प्राप्त खाद्य सहायतामा निर्भर छन्।<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091112215444/http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-43808420091109 U.N. resumes full food aid to Bhutan refugees in Nepal]</ref> शरणार्थीहरूलाई भुटान फिर्ता पठाउने उद्देश्यले गरिएका धेरै असफल छलफलहरू पछि, धेरैजसो शरणार्थीहरूलाई अब संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) र International Organization for Migration को सहयोगमा अन्य अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय गन्तव्यहरूमा पुनर्वास गरिएको छ। २००७ मा भुटानी शरणार्थी पुनर्वास पहल सुरु भएदेखि युएनएचसीआरले १,००,००० भन्दा बढी शरणार्थीहरूलाई स्थानान्तरण गरिसकेको छ। संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाले यी शरणार्थीहरूमध्ये ८४,००० भन्दा बढीलाई आश्रय दिएको छ, बाँकी अष्ट्रेलिया, क्यानडा, नर्वे, न्यूजील्याण्ड, डेनमार्क, संयुक्त अधिराज्य र नेदरल्याण्ड्समा सरेका छन्।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/4aa641446.html Over 20,000 Bhutanese refugees resettled from Nepal]</ref> नेपालमा रहेका पाँच भुटानी शरणार्थी शिविरहरूः # बेल्डान्गी # गोल्डह्याप # खुदुनाबारी # सानिस्चेयर # तिमाइ == तिब्बतबाट आएका शरणार्थी == सन् १९५९,१९६० र १९६१ मा तिब्बती विद्रोह र [[चौधौँ दलाई लामा|दलाई लामा]] निर्वासनपछि २०,००० भन्दा बढी तिब्बतीहरू नेपाल बसाइँ सरेका थिए। त्यसबेलादेखि धेरैजना भारतमा बसाइँ सरेका छन् वा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रेड क्रस समिति, [[नेपाल सरकार]], स्विस सरकार, प्राविधिक सहयोगका लागि सेवाहरू स्विट्जरल्याण्ड, र अष्ट्रेलियाली शरणार्थी समितिले स्थापना गरेको शरणार्थी शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref name="settlements">{{Cite web |title=CTRC ::: Tibetan Settlements in Nepal |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/set-nep.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610023107/http://www.tibetgov.net:80/set-nep.html |archive-date=2010-06-10 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> हाल नेपालमा बाह्रवटा तिब्बती शरणार्थी शिविरहरू छन्, प्रत्येकको निरीक्षण केन्द्रीय तिब्बती प्रशासन नियुक्त प्रतिनिधिको पर्यवेक्षणमा गरिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tibetan Settlemnts in Nepal {{!}} > Tashi-Palkhel Settlement, Dhud Kharka, Pokhara |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601212108/http://tibetgov.net:80/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-date=2011-06-01 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> # चोजोर (चोरटेन र जोरपाटी) # डेलेकिङ, चिल्सा, सोलुखुम्बु # नोर्जिलिङ तिब्बती बस्ती दोरपट्टन, बाग्लुङ # जाम्पलिङ, लोद्रिक, तनहुँ # नामग्यालिङ, त्सेरोक, मुस्ताङ # पाल्जोर्लिङ, लोड्रिक, पोखरा # फाक्सिङ र ग्याल्सा # ग्यागेलिङ, रसुवा, डुंचे # समदुपलिङ, जावलाखेल # टसी पालखील, पोखरा # ताशिलिङ, पोखरा # साम्फेलिंग, वालुङ, ताप्लेजुङ == म्यानमारबाट रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी == रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल आएका थिए।<ref name="spotlight20202">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए। तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> == अफगान शरणार्थी == सन् २०२१ मा अफगानिस्तानमा तालिबान प्रशासनले सत्ता हातमा लिएपछि अफगान शरणार्थीहरू भारत हुँदै नेपाल आउन थाले। उनीहरू भारतीय सीमाबाट प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनीहरू [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|युएनएचसीआर]] निगरानीमा रहेका छन्। हाल दिल्लीमा रहेका धेरै अफगानीहरू नेपाल प्रवेश गर्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=भित्रिन थाले अफगान 'शरणार्थी'- समाचार - कान्तिपुर समाचार |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/10/25/163512234438116619.html |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Afghans in Nepal await resettlement- Nepali Times |url=https://www.nepalitimes.com/here-now/afghans-in-nepal-await-resettlement/ |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref> == अन्य शरणार्थीहरू == [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] gonmk5feykgss99f98lj7msoj1da7b9 1355964 1355962 2026-05-19T09:16:54Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355964 wikitext text/x-wiki [[नेपाल]] मा संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) द्वारा आधिकारिक रूपमा मान्यता प्राप्त ४० हजार ४९० शरणार्थी छन्। भारतीय, तिब्बती, रोहिङ्ग्या र भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू नेपालको शरणार्थी जनसङ्ख्याको ठूलो हिस्सा हुन्। == भुटानबाट आएका शरणार्थी == १९९० को दशकको सुरुवातमा, भूटान सरकारले वंशजको नागरिकता र नागरिक अधिकार हटाउने नयाँ कानून ल्याएपछि लगभग १,०६,००० [[भुटानी शरणार्थी|भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू]] पूर्वी नेपालमा संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघको निरीक्षणमा रहेका सात शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरे।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,IRIN,,BTN,491946b81e,0.html Nepal: Bhutanese refugees find new life beyond the camps] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008021239/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher%2CIRIN%2C%2CBTN%2C491946b81e%2C0.html|date=2012-10-08}}</ref> नेपालमा काम गर्ने वा जग्गा स्वामित्वको अधिकार बिना यी शरणार्थीहरू संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघबाट प्राप्त खाद्य सहायतामा निर्भर छन्।<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091112215444/http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-43808420091109 U.N. resumes full food aid to Bhutan refugees in Nepal]</ref> शरणार्थीहरूलाई भुटान फिर्ता पठाउने उद्देश्यले गरिएका धेरै असफल छलफलहरू पछि, धेरैजसो शरणार्थीहरूलाई अब संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) र International Organization for Migration को सहयोगमा अन्य अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय गन्तव्यहरूमा पुनर्वास गरिएको छ। २००७ मा भुटानी शरणार्थी पुनर्वास पहल सुरु भएदेखि युएनएचसीआरले १,००,००० भन्दा बढी शरणार्थीहरूलाई स्थानान्तरण गरिसकेको छ। संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाले यी शरणार्थीहरूमध्ये ८४,००० भन्दा बढीलाई आश्रय दिएको छ, बाँकी अष्ट्रेलिया, क्यानडा, नर्वे, न्यूजील्याण्ड, डेनमार्क, संयुक्त अधिराज्य र नेदरल्याण्ड्समा सरेका छन्।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/4aa641446.html Over 20,000 Bhutanese refugees resettled from Nepal]</ref> नेपालमा रहेका पाँच भुटानी शरणार्थी शिविरहरूः # बेल्डान्गी # गोल्डह्याप # खुदुनाबारी # सानिस्चेयर # तिमाइ == तिब्बतबाट आएका शरणार्थी == सन् १९५९,१९६० र १९६१ मा तिब्बती विद्रोह र [[चौधौँ दलाई लामा|दलाई लामा]] निर्वासनपछि २०,००० भन्दा बढी तिब्बतीहरू नेपाल बसाइँ सरेका थिए। त्यसबेलादेखि धेरैजना भारतमा बसाइँ सरेका छन् वा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रेड क्रस समिति, [[नेपाल सरकार]], स्विस सरकार, प्राविधिक सहयोगका लागि सेवाहरू स्विट्जरल्याण्ड, र अष्ट्रेलियाली शरणार्थी समितिले स्थापना गरेको शरणार्थी शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref name="settlements">{{Cite web |title=CTRC ::: Tibetan Settlements in Nepal |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/set-nep.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610023107/http://www.tibetgov.net:80/set-nep.html |archive-date=2010-06-10 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> हाल नेपालमा बाह्रवटा तिब्बती शरणार्थी शिविरहरू छन्, प्रत्येकको निरीक्षण केन्द्रीय तिब्बती प्रशासन नियुक्त प्रतिनिधिको पर्यवेक्षणमा गरिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tibetan Settlemnts in Nepal {{!}} > Tashi-Palkhel Settlement, Dhud Kharka, Pokhara |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601212108/http://tibetgov.net:80/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-date=2011-06-01 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> # चोजोर (चोरटेन र जोरपाटी) # डेलेकिङ, चिल्सा, सोलुखुम्बु # नोर्जिलिङ तिब्बती बस्ती दोरपट्टन, बाग्लुङ # जाम्पलिङ, लोद्रिक, तनहुँ # नामग्यालिङ, त्सेरोक, मुस्ताङ # पाल्जोर्लिङ, लोड्रिक, पोखरा # फाक्सिङ र ग्याल्सा # ग्यागेलिङ, रसुवा, डुंचे # समदुपलिङ, जावलाखेल # टसी पालखील, पोखरा # ताशिलिङ, पोखरा # साम्फेलिंग, वालुङ, ताप्लेजुङ == म्यानमारबाट रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी == रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल आएका थिए।<ref name="spotlight20202">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए। तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> == अफगान शरणार्थी == सन् २०२१ मा अफगानिस्तानमा तालिबान प्रशासनले सत्ता हातमा लिएपछि अफगान शरणार्थीहरू भारत हुँदै नेपाल आउन थाले। उनीहरू भारतीय सीमाबाट प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनीहरू [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|युएनएचसीआर]] निगरानीमा रहेका छन्। हाल दिल्लीमा रहेका धेरै अफगानीहरू नेपाल प्रवेश गर्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=भित्रिन थाले अफगान 'शरणार्थी'- समाचार - कान्तिपुर समाचार |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/10/25/163512234438116619.html |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Afghans in Nepal await resettlement- Nepali Times |url=https://www.nepalitimes.com/here-now/afghans-in-nepal-await-resettlement/ |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref> == अन्य शरणार्थीहरू == [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] o7xcav551l4p6kn92cg4a6tiaowl022 1355965 1355964 2026-05-19T09:17:35Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355965 wikitext text/x-wiki [[नेपाल]] मा [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त]] (युएनएचसीआर) द्वारा आधिकारिक रूपमा मान्यता प्राप्त ४० हजार ४९० शरणार्थी छन्। भारतीय, तिब्बती, रोहिङ्ग्या र भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू नेपालको शरणार्थी जनसङ्ख्याको ठूलो हिस्सा हुन्। == भुटानबाट आएका शरणार्थी == १९९० को दशकको सुरुवातमा, भूटान सरकारले वंशजको नागरिकता र नागरिक अधिकार हटाउने नयाँ कानून ल्याएपछि लगभग १,०६,००० [[भुटानी शरणार्थी|भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू]] पूर्वी नेपालमा संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघको निरीक्षणमा रहेका सात शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरे।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,IRIN,,BTN,491946b81e,0.html Nepal: Bhutanese refugees find new life beyond the camps] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008021239/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher%2CIRIN%2C%2CBTN%2C491946b81e%2C0.html|date=2012-10-08}}</ref> नेपालमा काम गर्ने वा जग्गा स्वामित्वको अधिकार बिना यी शरणार्थीहरू संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघबाट प्राप्त खाद्य सहायतामा निर्भर छन्।<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091112215444/http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-43808420091109 U.N. resumes full food aid to Bhutan refugees in Nepal]</ref> शरणार्थीहरूलाई भुटान फिर्ता पठाउने उद्देश्यले गरिएका धेरै असफल छलफलहरू पछि, धेरैजसो शरणार्थीहरूलाई अब संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) र International Organization for Migration को सहयोगमा अन्य अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय गन्तव्यहरूमा पुनर्वास गरिएको छ। २००७ मा भुटानी शरणार्थी पुनर्वास पहल सुरु भएदेखि युएनएचसीआरले १,००,००० भन्दा बढी शरणार्थीहरूलाई स्थानान्तरण गरिसकेको छ। संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाले यी शरणार्थीहरूमध्ये ८४,००० भन्दा बढीलाई आश्रय दिएको छ, बाँकी अष्ट्रेलिया, क्यानडा, नर्वे, न्यूजील्याण्ड, डेनमार्क, संयुक्त अधिराज्य र नेदरल्याण्ड्समा सरेका छन्।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/4aa641446.html Over 20,000 Bhutanese refugees resettled from Nepal]</ref> नेपालमा रहेका पाँच भुटानी शरणार्थी शिविरहरूः # बेल्डान्गी # गोल्डह्याप # खुदुनाबारी # सानिस्चेयर # तिमाइ == तिब्बतबाट आएका शरणार्थी == सन् १९५९,१९६० र १९६१ मा तिब्बती विद्रोह र [[चौधौँ दलाई लामा|दलाई लामा]] निर्वासनपछि २०,००० भन्दा बढी तिब्बतीहरू नेपाल बसाइँ सरेका थिए। त्यसबेलादेखि धेरैजना भारतमा बसाइँ सरेका छन् वा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रेड क्रस समिति, [[नेपाल सरकार]], स्विस सरकार, प्राविधिक सहयोगका लागि सेवाहरू स्विट्जरल्याण्ड, र अष्ट्रेलियाली शरणार्थी समितिले स्थापना गरेको शरणार्थी शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref name="settlements">{{Cite web |title=CTRC ::: Tibetan Settlements in Nepal |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/set-nep.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610023107/http://www.tibetgov.net:80/set-nep.html |archive-date=2010-06-10 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> हाल नेपालमा बाह्रवटा तिब्बती शरणार्थी शिविरहरू छन्, प्रत्येकको निरीक्षण केन्द्रीय तिब्बती प्रशासन नियुक्त प्रतिनिधिको पर्यवेक्षणमा गरिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tibetan Settlemnts in Nepal {{!}} > Tashi-Palkhel Settlement, Dhud Kharka, Pokhara |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601212108/http://tibetgov.net:80/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-date=2011-06-01 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> # चोजोर (चोरटेन र जोरपाटी) # डेलेकिङ, चिल्सा, सोलुखुम्बु # नोर्जिलिङ तिब्बती बस्ती दोरपट्टन, बाग्लुङ # जाम्पलिङ, लोद्रिक, तनहुँ # नामग्यालिङ, त्सेरोक, मुस्ताङ # पाल्जोर्लिङ, लोड्रिक, पोखरा # फाक्सिङ र ग्याल्सा # ग्यागेलिङ, रसुवा, डुंचे # समदुपलिङ, जावलाखेल # टसी पालखील, पोखरा # ताशिलिङ, पोखरा # साम्फेलिंग, वालुङ, ताप्लेजुङ == म्यानमारबाट रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी == रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल आएका थिए।<ref name="spotlight20202">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए। तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> == अफगान शरणार्थी == सन् २०२१ मा अफगानिस्तानमा तालिबान प्रशासनले सत्ता हातमा लिएपछि अफगान शरणार्थीहरू भारत हुँदै नेपाल आउन थाले। उनीहरू भारतीय सीमाबाट प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनीहरू [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|युएनएचसीआर]] निगरानीमा रहेका छन्। हाल दिल्लीमा रहेका धेरै अफगानीहरू नेपाल प्रवेश गर्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=भित्रिन थाले अफगान 'शरणार्थी'- समाचार - कान्तिपुर समाचार |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/10/25/163512234438116619.html |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Afghans in Nepal await resettlement- Nepali Times |url=https://www.nepalitimes.com/here-now/afghans-in-nepal-await-resettlement/ |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref> == अन्य शरणार्थीहरू == [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] kbdtvgi2xdzn5ushj263z385kvnknvz 1355966 1355965 2026-05-19T09:19:59Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* भुटानबाट आएका शरणार्थी */ 1355966 wikitext text/x-wiki [[नेपाल]] मा [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त]] (युएनएचसीआर) द्वारा आधिकारिक रूपमा मान्यता प्राप्त ४० हजार ४९० शरणार्थी छन्। भारतीय, तिब्बती, रोहिङ्ग्या र भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू नेपालको शरणार्थी जनसङ्ख्याको ठूलो हिस्सा हुन्। == भुटानबाट आएका शरणार्थी == १९९० को दशकको सुरुवातमा, भूटान सरकारले वंशजको नागरिकता र नागरिक अधिकार हटाउने नयाँ कानून ल्याएपछि लगभग १,०६,००० [[भुटानी शरणार्थी|भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू]] पूर्वी नेपालमा संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघको निरीक्षणमा रहेका सात शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरे।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,IRIN,,BTN,491946b81e,0.html Nepal: Bhutanese refugees find new life beyond the camps] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008021239/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher%2CIRIN%2C%2CBTN%2C491946b81e%2C0.html|date=2012-10-08}}</ref> नेपालमा काम गर्ने वा जग्गा स्वामित्वको अधिकार बिना यी शरणार्थीहरू संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघबाट प्राप्त खाद्य सहायतामा निर्भर छन्।<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091112215444/http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-43808420091109 U.N. resumes full food aid to Bhutan refugees in Nepal]</ref> शरणार्थीहरूलाई भुटान फिर्ता पठाउने उद्देश्यले गरिएका धेरै असफल छलफलहरू पछि, धेरैजसो शरणार्थीहरूलाई अब संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) र International Organization for Migration को सहयोगमा अन्य अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय गन्तव्यहरूमा पुनर्वास गरिएको छ। २००७ मा भुटानी शरणार्थी पुनर्वास पहल सुरु भएदेखि युएनएचसीआरले १,००,००० भन्दा बढी शरणार्थीहरूलाई स्थानान्तरण गरिसकेको छ। संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाले यी शरणार्थीहरूमध्ये ८४,००० भन्दा बढीलाई आश्रय दिएको छ, बाँकी अष्ट्रेलिया, क्यानडा, नर्वे, न्यूजील्याण्ड, डेनमार्क, संयुक्त अधिराज्य र नेदरल्याण्ड्समा सरेका छन्।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/4aa641446.html Over 20,000 Bhutanese refugees resettled from Nepal]</ref> नेपालमा रहेका पाँच भुटानी शरणार्थी शिविरहरूः # [[बेलडाँडी गाउँपालिका|बेलडाँगी]] शिविर # [[गोलधाप]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[खुदुनाबारी]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[शनिश्चरे, झापा|शनिस्चरे]] शरणार्थी शिविर # टिमाइ शरणार्थी शिविर == तिब्बतबाट आएका शरणार्थी == सन् १९५९,१९६० र १९६१ मा तिब्बती विद्रोह र [[चौधौँ दलाई लामा|दलाई लामा]] निर्वासनपछि २०,००० भन्दा बढी तिब्बतीहरू नेपाल बसाइँ सरेका थिए। त्यसबेलादेखि धेरैजना भारतमा बसाइँ सरेका छन् वा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रेड क्रस समिति, [[नेपाल सरकार]], स्विस सरकार, प्राविधिक सहयोगका लागि सेवाहरू स्विट्जरल्याण्ड, र अष्ट्रेलियाली शरणार्थी समितिले स्थापना गरेको शरणार्थी शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref name="settlements">{{Cite web |title=CTRC ::: Tibetan Settlements in Nepal |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/set-nep.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610023107/http://www.tibetgov.net:80/set-nep.html |archive-date=2010-06-10 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> हाल नेपालमा बाह्रवटा तिब्बती शरणार्थी शिविरहरू छन्, प्रत्येकको निरीक्षण केन्द्रीय तिब्बती प्रशासन नियुक्त प्रतिनिधिको पर्यवेक्षणमा गरिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tibetan Settlemnts in Nepal {{!}} > Tashi-Palkhel Settlement, Dhud Kharka, Pokhara |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601212108/http://tibetgov.net:80/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-date=2011-06-01 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> # चोजोर (चोरटेन र जोरपाटी) # डेलेकिङ, चिल्सा, सोलुखुम्बु # नोर्जिलिङ तिब्बती बस्ती दोरपट्टन, बाग्लुङ # जाम्पलिङ, लोद्रिक, तनहुँ # नामग्यालिङ, त्सेरोक, मुस्ताङ # पाल्जोर्लिङ, लोड्रिक, पोखरा # फाक्सिङ र ग्याल्सा # ग्यागेलिङ, रसुवा, डुंचे # समदुपलिङ, जावलाखेल # टसी पालखील, पोखरा # ताशिलिङ, पोखरा # साम्फेलिंग, वालुङ, ताप्लेजुङ == म्यानमारबाट रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी == रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल आएका थिए।<ref name="spotlight20202">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए। तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> == अफगान शरणार्थी == सन् २०२१ मा अफगानिस्तानमा तालिबान प्रशासनले सत्ता हातमा लिएपछि अफगान शरणार्थीहरू भारत हुँदै नेपाल आउन थाले। उनीहरू भारतीय सीमाबाट प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनीहरू [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|युएनएचसीआर]] निगरानीमा रहेका छन्। हाल दिल्लीमा रहेका धेरै अफगानीहरू नेपाल प्रवेश गर्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=भित्रिन थाले अफगान 'शरणार्थी'- समाचार - कान्तिपुर समाचार |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/10/25/163512234438116619.html |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Afghans in Nepal await resettlement- Nepali Times |url=https://www.nepalitimes.com/here-now/afghans-in-nepal-await-resettlement/ |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref> == अन्य शरणार्थीहरू == [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] hm1e64u8wq8vz6f7g0jx78j1sdtyzy6 1355968 1355966 2026-05-19T09:24:28Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355968 wikitext text/x-wiki [[नेपाल]] मा [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त]] (युएनएचसीआर) द्वारा आधिकारिक रूपमा मान्यता प्राप्त ४० हजार ४९० शरणार्थी छन्। भारतीय, तिब्बती, रोहिङ्ग्या र भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू नेपालको शरणार्थी जनसङ्ख्याको ठूलो हिस्सा हुन्। शरणको मरण हुन दिन नहुने’ पूर्वीय मान्यतासमेत विशुद्ध मानवीय आधारमा स्थापित अवधारणा हो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=शरणार्थीका सवाल, तेस्रो मुलुक पुनर्वास र आसन्न सार्क सम्मेलन - INSEC Online |url=https://inseconline.org/forum/%e0%a4%b6%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%a5%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%a4%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8b-%e0%a4%ae/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |language=ne-NP}}</ref> == भुटानबाट आएका शरणार्थी == १९९० को दशकको सुरुवातमा, भूटान सरकारले वंशजको नागरिकता र नागरिक अधिकार हटाउने नयाँ कानून ल्याएपछि लगभग १,०६,००० [[भुटानी शरणार्थी|भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू]] पूर्वी नेपालमा संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघको निरीक्षणमा रहेका सात शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरे।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,IRIN,,BTN,491946b81e,0.html Nepal: Bhutanese refugees find new life beyond the camps] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008021239/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher%2CIRIN%2C%2CBTN%2C491946b81e%2C0.html|date=2012-10-08}}</ref> नेपालमा काम गर्ने वा जग्गा स्वामित्वको अधिकार बिना यी शरणार्थीहरू संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघबाट प्राप्त खाद्य सहायतामा निर्भर छन्।<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091112215444/http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-43808420091109 U.N. resumes full food aid to Bhutan refugees in Nepal]</ref> शरणार्थीहरूलाई भुटान फिर्ता पठाउने उद्देश्यले गरिएका धेरै असफल छलफलहरू पछि, धेरैजसो शरणार्थीहरूलाई अब संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) र International Organization for Migration को सहयोगमा अन्य अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय गन्तव्यहरूमा पुनर्वास गरिएको छ। २००७ मा भुटानी शरणार्थी पुनर्वास पहल सुरु भएदेखि युएनएचसीआरले १,००,००० भन्दा बढी शरणार्थीहरूलाई स्थानान्तरण गरिसकेको छ। संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाले यी शरणार्थीहरूमध्ये ८४,००० भन्दा बढीलाई आश्रय दिएको छ, बाँकी अष्ट्रेलिया, क्यानडा, नर्वे, न्यूजील्याण्ड, डेनमार्क, संयुक्त अधिराज्य र नेदरल्याण्ड्समा सरेका छन्।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/4aa641446.html Over 20,000 Bhutanese refugees resettled from Nepal]</ref> नेपालमा रहेका पाँच भुटानी शरणार्थी शिविरहरूः # [[बेलडाँडी गाउँपालिका|बेलडाँगी]] शिविर # [[गोलधाप]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[खुदुनाबारी]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[शनिश्चरे, झापा|शनिस्चरे]] शरणार्थी शिविर # टिमाइ शरणार्थी शिविर == तिब्बतबाट आएका शरणार्थी == सन् १९५९,१९६० र १९६१ मा तिब्बती विद्रोह र [[चौधौँ दलाई लामा|दलाई लामा]] निर्वासनपछि २०,००० भन्दा बढी तिब्बतीहरू नेपाल बसाइँ सरेका थिए। त्यसबेलादेखि धेरैजना भारतमा बसाइँ सरेका छन् वा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रेड क्रस समिति, [[नेपाल सरकार]], स्विस सरकार, प्राविधिक सहयोगका लागि सेवाहरू स्विट्जरल्याण्ड, र अष्ट्रेलियाली शरणार्थी समितिले स्थापना गरेको शरणार्थी शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref name="settlements">{{Cite web |title=CTRC ::: Tibetan Settlements in Nepal |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/set-nep.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610023107/http://www.tibetgov.net:80/set-nep.html |archive-date=2010-06-10 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> हाल नेपालमा बाह्रवटा तिब्बती शरणार्थी शिविरहरू छन्, प्रत्येकको निरीक्षण केन्द्रीय तिब्बती प्रशासन नियुक्त प्रतिनिधिको पर्यवेक्षणमा गरिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tibetan Settlemnts in Nepal {{!}} > Tashi-Palkhel Settlement, Dhud Kharka, Pokhara |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601212108/http://tibetgov.net:80/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-date=2011-06-01 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> # चोजोर (चोरटेन र जोरपाटी) # डेलेकिङ, चिल्सा, सोलुखुम्बु # नोर्जिलिङ तिब्बती बस्ती दोरपट्टन, बाग्लुङ # जाम्पलिङ, लोद्रिक, तनहुँ # नामग्यालिङ, त्सेरोक, मुस्ताङ # पाल्जोर्लिङ, लोड्रिक, पोखरा # फाक्सिङ र ग्याल्सा # ग्यागेलिङ, रसुवा, डुंचे # समदुपलिङ, जावलाखेल # टसी पालखील, पोखरा # ताशिलिङ, पोखरा # साम्फेलिंग, वालुङ, ताप्लेजुङ == म्यानमारबाट रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी == रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल आएका थिए।<ref name="spotlight20202">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए। तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> == अफगान शरणार्थी == सन् २०२१ मा अफगानिस्तानमा तालिबान प्रशासनले सत्ता हातमा लिएपछि अफगान शरणार्थीहरू भारत हुँदै नेपाल आउन थाले। उनीहरू भारतीय सीमाबाट प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनीहरू [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|युएनएचसीआर]] निगरानीमा रहेका छन्। हाल दिल्लीमा रहेका धेरै अफगानीहरू नेपाल प्रवेश गर्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=भित्रिन थाले अफगान 'शरणार्थी'- समाचार - कान्तिपुर समाचार |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/10/25/163512234438116619.html |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Afghans in Nepal await resettlement- Nepali Times |url=https://www.nepalitimes.com/here-now/afghans-in-nepal-await-resettlement/ |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref> == अन्य शरणार्थीहरू == [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] fcnigxmwjb6u3ievtqhmtvo1s6dtt4q 1355969 1355968 2026-05-19T09:25:28Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* भुटानबाट आएका शरणार्थी */ 1355969 wikitext text/x-wiki [[नेपाल]] मा [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त]] (युएनएचसीआर) द्वारा आधिकारिक रूपमा मान्यता प्राप्त ४० हजार ४९० शरणार्थी छन्। भारतीय, तिब्बती, रोहिङ्ग्या र भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू नेपालको शरणार्थी जनसङ्ख्याको ठूलो हिस्सा हुन्। शरणको मरण हुन दिन नहुने’ पूर्वीय मान्यतासमेत विशुद्ध मानवीय आधारमा स्थापित अवधारणा हो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=शरणार्थीका सवाल, तेस्रो मुलुक पुनर्वास र आसन्न सार्क सम्मेलन - INSEC Online |url=https://inseconline.org/forum/%e0%a4%b6%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%a5%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%a4%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8b-%e0%a4%ae/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |language=ne-NP}}</ref> == भुटानबाट आएका शरणार्थी == {{मुख्य|भुटानी शरणार्थी}} १९९० को दशकको सुरुवातमा, भूटान सरकारले वंशजको नागरिकता र नागरिक अधिकार हटाउने नयाँ कानून ल्याएपछि लगभग १,०६,००० [[भुटानी शरणार्थी|भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू]] पूर्वी नेपालमा संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघको निरीक्षणमा रहेका सात शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरे।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,IRIN,,BTN,491946b81e,0.html Nepal: Bhutanese refugees find new life beyond the camps] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008021239/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher%2CIRIN%2C%2CBTN%2C491946b81e%2C0.html|date=2012-10-08}}</ref> नेपालमा काम गर्ने वा जग्गा स्वामित्वको अधिकार बिना यी शरणार्थीहरू संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघबाट प्राप्त खाद्य सहायतामा निर्भर छन्।<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091112215444/http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-43808420091109 U.N. resumes full food aid to Bhutan refugees in Nepal]</ref> शरणार्थीहरूलाई भुटान फिर्ता पठाउने उद्देश्यले गरिएका धेरै असफल छलफलहरू पछि, धेरैजसो शरणार्थीहरूलाई अब संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) र International Organization for Migration को सहयोगमा अन्य अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय गन्तव्यहरूमा पुनर्वास गरिएको छ। २००७ मा भुटानी शरणार्थी पुनर्वास पहल सुरु भएदेखि युएनएचसीआरले १,००,००० भन्दा बढी शरणार्थीहरूलाई स्थानान्तरण गरिसकेको छ। संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाले यी शरणार्थीहरूमध्ये ८४,००० भन्दा बढीलाई आश्रय दिएको छ, बाँकी अष्ट्रेलिया, क्यानडा, नर्वे, न्यूजील्याण्ड, डेनमार्क, संयुक्त अधिराज्य र नेदरल्याण्ड्समा सरेका छन्।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/4aa641446.html Over 20,000 Bhutanese refugees resettled from Nepal]</ref> नेपालमा रहेका पाँच भुटानी शरणार्थी शिविरहरूः # [[बेलडाँडी गाउँपालिका|बेलडाँगी]] शिविर # [[गोलधाप]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[खुदुनाबारी]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[शनिश्चरे, झापा|शनिस्चरे]] शरणार्थी शिविर # टिमाइ शरणार्थी शिविर == तिब्बतबाट आएका शरणार्थी == सन् १९५९,१९६० र १९६१ मा तिब्बती विद्रोह र [[चौधौँ दलाई लामा|दलाई लामा]] निर्वासनपछि २०,००० भन्दा बढी तिब्बतीहरू नेपाल बसाइँ सरेका थिए। त्यसबेलादेखि धेरैजना भारतमा बसाइँ सरेका छन् वा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रेड क्रस समिति, [[नेपाल सरकार]], स्विस सरकार, प्राविधिक सहयोगका लागि सेवाहरू स्विट्जरल्याण्ड, र अष्ट्रेलियाली शरणार्थी समितिले स्थापना गरेको शरणार्थी शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref name="settlements">{{Cite web |title=CTRC ::: Tibetan Settlements in Nepal |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/set-nep.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610023107/http://www.tibetgov.net:80/set-nep.html |archive-date=2010-06-10 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> हाल नेपालमा बाह्रवटा तिब्बती शरणार्थी शिविरहरू छन्, प्रत्येकको निरीक्षण केन्द्रीय तिब्बती प्रशासन नियुक्त प्रतिनिधिको पर्यवेक्षणमा गरिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tibetan Settlemnts in Nepal {{!}} > Tashi-Palkhel Settlement, Dhud Kharka, Pokhara |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601212108/http://tibetgov.net:80/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-date=2011-06-01 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> # चोजोर (चोरटेन र जोरपाटी) # डेलेकिङ, चिल्सा, सोलुखुम्बु # नोर्जिलिङ तिब्बती बस्ती दोरपट्टन, बाग्लुङ # जाम्पलिङ, लोद्रिक, तनहुँ # नामग्यालिङ, त्सेरोक, मुस्ताङ # पाल्जोर्लिङ, लोड्रिक, पोखरा # फाक्सिङ र ग्याल्सा # ग्यागेलिङ, रसुवा, डुंचे # समदुपलिङ, जावलाखेल # टसी पालखील, पोखरा # ताशिलिङ, पोखरा # साम्फेलिंग, वालुङ, ताप्लेजुङ == म्यानमारबाट रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी == रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल आएका थिए।<ref name="spotlight20202">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए। तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> == अफगान शरणार्थी == सन् २०२१ मा अफगानिस्तानमा तालिबान प्रशासनले सत्ता हातमा लिएपछि अफगान शरणार्थीहरू भारत हुँदै नेपाल आउन थाले। उनीहरू भारतीय सीमाबाट प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनीहरू [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|युएनएचसीआर]] निगरानीमा रहेका छन्। हाल दिल्लीमा रहेका धेरै अफगानीहरू नेपाल प्रवेश गर्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=भित्रिन थाले अफगान 'शरणार्थी'- समाचार - कान्तिपुर समाचार |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/10/25/163512234438116619.html |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Afghans in Nepal await resettlement- Nepali Times |url=https://www.nepalitimes.com/here-now/afghans-in-nepal-await-resettlement/ |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref> == अन्य शरणार्थीहरू == [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] 7ttwnj00zb9qoztdngc1rrrk1g862no 1355970 1355969 2026-05-19T09:26:17Z Bishaldev100 28807 /* म्यानमारबाट रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी */ 1355970 wikitext text/x-wiki [[नेपाल]] मा [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त]] (युएनएचसीआर) द्वारा आधिकारिक रूपमा मान्यता प्राप्त ४० हजार ४९० शरणार्थी छन्। भारतीय, तिब्बती, रोहिङ्ग्या र भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू नेपालको शरणार्थी जनसङ्ख्याको ठूलो हिस्सा हुन्। शरणको मरण हुन दिन नहुने’ पूर्वीय मान्यतासमेत विशुद्ध मानवीय आधारमा स्थापित अवधारणा हो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=शरणार्थीका सवाल, तेस्रो मुलुक पुनर्वास र आसन्न सार्क सम्मेलन - INSEC Online |url=https://inseconline.org/forum/%e0%a4%b6%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%a5%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%a4%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8b-%e0%a4%ae/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |language=ne-NP}}</ref> == भुटानबाट आएका शरणार्थी == {{मुख्य|भुटानी शरणार्थी}} १९९० को दशकको सुरुवातमा, भूटान सरकारले वंशजको नागरिकता र नागरिक अधिकार हटाउने नयाँ कानून ल्याएपछि लगभग १,०६,००० [[भुटानी शरणार्थी|भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू]] पूर्वी नेपालमा संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघको निरीक्षणमा रहेका सात शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरे।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,IRIN,,BTN,491946b81e,0.html Nepal: Bhutanese refugees find new life beyond the camps] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008021239/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher%2CIRIN%2C%2CBTN%2C491946b81e%2C0.html|date=2012-10-08}}</ref> नेपालमा काम गर्ने वा जग्गा स्वामित्वको अधिकार बिना यी शरणार्थीहरू संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघबाट प्राप्त खाद्य सहायतामा निर्भर छन्।<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091112215444/http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-43808420091109 U.N. resumes full food aid to Bhutan refugees in Nepal]</ref> शरणार्थीहरूलाई भुटान फिर्ता पठाउने उद्देश्यले गरिएका धेरै असफल छलफलहरू पछि, धेरैजसो शरणार्थीहरूलाई अब संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) र International Organization for Migration को सहयोगमा अन्य अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय गन्तव्यहरूमा पुनर्वास गरिएको छ। २००७ मा भुटानी शरणार्थी पुनर्वास पहल सुरु भएदेखि युएनएचसीआरले १,००,००० भन्दा बढी शरणार्थीहरूलाई स्थानान्तरण गरिसकेको छ। संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाले यी शरणार्थीहरूमध्ये ८४,००० भन्दा बढीलाई आश्रय दिएको छ, बाँकी अष्ट्रेलिया, क्यानडा, नर्वे, न्यूजील्याण्ड, डेनमार्क, संयुक्त अधिराज्य र नेदरल्याण्ड्समा सरेका छन्।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/4aa641446.html Over 20,000 Bhutanese refugees resettled from Nepal]</ref> नेपालमा रहेका पाँच भुटानी शरणार्थी शिविरहरूः # [[बेलडाँडी गाउँपालिका|बेलडाँगी]] शिविर # [[गोलधाप]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[खुदुनाबारी]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[शनिश्चरे, झापा|शनिस्चरे]] शरणार्थी शिविर # टिमाइ शरणार्थी शिविर == तिब्बतबाट आएका शरणार्थी == सन् १९५९,१९६० र १९६१ मा तिब्बती विद्रोह र [[चौधौँ दलाई लामा|दलाई लामा]] निर्वासनपछि २०,००० भन्दा बढी तिब्बतीहरू नेपाल बसाइँ सरेका थिए। त्यसबेलादेखि धेरैजना भारतमा बसाइँ सरेका छन् वा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रेड क्रस समिति, [[नेपाल सरकार]], स्विस सरकार, प्राविधिक सहयोगका लागि सेवाहरू स्विट्जरल्याण्ड, र अष्ट्रेलियाली शरणार्थी समितिले स्थापना गरेको शरणार्थी शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref name="settlements">{{Cite web |title=CTRC ::: Tibetan Settlements in Nepal |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/set-nep.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610023107/http://www.tibetgov.net:80/set-nep.html |archive-date=2010-06-10 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> हाल नेपालमा बाह्रवटा तिब्बती शरणार्थी शिविरहरू छन्, प्रत्येकको निरीक्षण केन्द्रीय तिब्बती प्रशासन नियुक्त प्रतिनिधिको पर्यवेक्षणमा गरिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tibetan Settlemnts in Nepal {{!}} > Tashi-Palkhel Settlement, Dhud Kharka, Pokhara |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601212108/http://tibetgov.net:80/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-date=2011-06-01 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> # चोजोर (चोरटेन र जोरपाटी) # डेलेकिङ, चिल्सा, सोलुखुम्बु # नोर्जिलिङ तिब्बती बस्ती दोरपट्टन, बाग्लुङ # जाम्पलिङ, लोद्रिक, तनहुँ # नामग्यालिङ, त्सेरोक, मुस्ताङ # पाल्जोर्लिङ, लोड्रिक, पोखरा # फाक्सिङ र ग्याल्सा # ग्यागेलिङ, रसुवा, डुंचे # समदुपलिङ, जावलाखेल # टसी पालखील, पोखरा # ताशिलिङ, पोखरा # साम्फेलिंग, वालुङ, ताप्लेजुङ == म्यानमारबाट रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी == {{मुख्य|नेपालमा रोहिङ्ग्या शरणार्थी}} रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल आएका थिए।<ref name="spotlight20202">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए। तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> == अफगान शरणार्थी == सन् २०२१ मा अफगानिस्तानमा तालिबान प्रशासनले सत्ता हातमा लिएपछि अफगान शरणार्थीहरू भारत हुँदै नेपाल आउन थाले। उनीहरू भारतीय सीमाबाट प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनीहरू [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|युएनएचसीआर]] निगरानीमा रहेका छन्। हाल दिल्लीमा रहेका धेरै अफगानीहरू नेपाल प्रवेश गर्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=भित्रिन थाले अफगान 'शरणार्थी'- समाचार - कान्तिपुर समाचार |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/10/25/163512234438116619.html |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Afghans in Nepal await resettlement- Nepali Times |url=https://www.nepalitimes.com/here-now/afghans-in-nepal-await-resettlement/ |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref> == अन्य शरणार्थीहरू == [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] jpdfzb77b6mgz2657j1dkd5kv4e64dr 1355971 1355970 2026-05-19T09:37:53Z Bishaldev100 28807 1355971 wikitext text/x-wiki [[नेपाल]] मा [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त]] (युएनएचसीआर) द्वारा आधिकारिक रूपमा मान्यता प्राप्त ४० हजार ४९० शरणार्थी छन्। भारतीय, तिब्बती, रोहिङ्ग्या र भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू नेपालको शरणार्थी जनसङ्ख्याको ठूलो हिस्सा हुन्। शरणको मरण हुन दिन नहुने’ पूर्वीय मान्यतासमेत विशुद्ध मानवीय आधारमा स्थापित अवधारणा हो।<ref>{{Cite web |title=शरणार्थीका सवाल, तेस्रो मुलुक पुनर्वास र आसन्न सार्क सम्मेलन - INSEC Online |url=https://inseconline.org/forum/%e0%a4%b6%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%a5%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%a4%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8b-%e0%a4%ae/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |language=ne-NP}}</ref> == भुटानका शरणार्थी == {{मुख्य|भुटानी शरणार्थी}} १९९० को दशकको सुरुवातमा, भूटान सरकारले वंशजको नागरिकता र नागरिक अधिकार हटाउने नयाँ कानून ल्याएपछि लगभग १,०६,००० [[भुटानी शरणार्थी|भुटानी शरणार्थीहरू]] पूर्वी नेपालमा संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघको निरीक्षणमा रहेका सात शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरे।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,IRIN,,BTN,491946b81e,0.html Nepal: Bhutanese refugees find new life beyond the camps] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008021239/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher%2CIRIN%2C%2CBTN%2C491946b81e%2C0.html|date=2012-10-08}}</ref> नेपालमा काम गर्ने वा जग्गा स्वामित्वको अधिकार बिना यी शरणार्थीहरू संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघबाट प्राप्त खाद्य सहायतामा निर्भर छन्।<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091112215444/http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-43808420091109 U.N. resumes full food aid to Bhutan refugees in Nepal]</ref> शरणार्थीहरूलाई भुटान फिर्ता पठाउने उद्देश्यले गरिएका धेरै असफल छलफलहरू पछि, धेरैजसो शरणार्थीहरूलाई अब संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघीय शरणार्थी उच्चायुक्त (युएनएचसीआर) र International Organization for Migration को सहयोगमा अन्य अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय गन्तव्यहरूमा पुनर्वास गरिएको छ। २००७ मा भुटानी शरणार्थी पुनर्वास पहल सुरु भएदेखि युएनएचसीआरले १,००,००० भन्दा बढी शरणार्थीहरूलाई स्थानान्तरण गरिसकेको छ। संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाले यी शरणार्थीहरूमध्ये ८४,००० भन्दा बढीलाई आश्रय दिएको छ, बाँकी अष्ट्रेलिया, क्यानडा, नर्वे, न्यूजील्याण्ड, डेनमार्क, संयुक्त अधिराज्य र नेदरल्याण्ड्समा सरेका छन्।<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/4aa641446.html Over 20,000 Bhutanese refugees resettled from Nepal]</ref> नेपालमा रहेका पाँच भुटानी शरणार्थी शिविरहरूः # [[बेलडाँडी गाउँपालिका|बेलडाँगी]] शिविर # [[गोलधाप]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[खुदुनाबारी]] शरणार्थी शिविर # [[शनिश्चरे, झापा|शनिस्चरे]] शरणार्थी शिविर # टिमाइ शरणार्थी शिविर == तिब्बतका शरणार्थी == सन् १९५९,१९६० र १९६१ मा तिब्बती विद्रोह र [[चौधौँ दलाई लामा|दलाई लामा]] निर्वासनपछि २०,००० भन्दा बढी तिब्बतीहरू नेपाल बसाइँ सरेका थिए। त्यसबेलादेखि धेरैजना भारतमा बसाइँ सरेका छन् वा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रेड क्रस समिति, [[नेपाल सरकार]], स्विस सरकार, प्राविधिक सहयोगका लागि सेवाहरू स्विट्जरल्याण्ड, र अष्ट्रेलियाली शरणार्थी समितिले स्थापना गरेको शरणार्थी शिविरहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref name="settlements">{{Cite web |title=CTRC ::: Tibetan Settlements in Nepal |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/set-nep.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610023107/http://www.tibetgov.net:80/set-nep.html |archive-date=2010-06-10 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> हाल नेपालमा बाह्रवटा तिब्बती शरणार्थी शिविरहरू छन्, प्रत्येकको निरीक्षण केन्द्रीय तिब्बती प्रशासन नियुक्त प्रतिनिधिको पर्यवेक्षणमा गरिन्छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tibetan Settlemnts in Nepal {{!}} > Tashi-Palkhel Settlement, Dhud Kharka, Pokhara |url=http://www.tibetgov.net/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601212108/http://tibetgov.net:80/nepal/settlements/tashipalkyil-np.html |archive-date=2011-06-01 |access-date=2025-02-18}}</ref> # चोजोर (चोरटेन र जोरपाटी) # डेलेकिङ, चिल्सा, सोलुखुम्बु # नोर्जिलिङ तिब्बती बस्ती दोरपट्टन, बाग्लुङ # जाम्पलिङ, लोद्रिक, तनहुँ # नामग्यालिङ, त्सेरोक, मुस्ताङ # पाल्जोर्लिङ, लोड्रिक, पोखरा # फाक्सिङ र ग्याल्सा # ग्यागेलिङ, रसुवा, डुंचे # समदुपलिङ, जावलाखेल # टसी पालखील, पोखरा # ताशिलिङ, पोखरा # साम्फेलिंग, वालुङ, ताप्लेजुङ == म्यानमारका शरणार्थी == {{मुख्य|नेपालमा रोहिङ्ग्या शरणार्थी}} रोहिङ्ग्याहरू सन् १९९० को दशक र मुख्यतया २०१२ मा नेपाल आएका थिए।<ref name="spotlight20202">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल प्रवेश गरेका थिए। तिनीहरू [[बङ्गलादेश]] र [[भारत]] पार गरेर पूर्वी नेपाल हुँदै आएका थिए। तिनीहरू [[काठमाडौँ]] कपन र [[तराई]] विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा बसोबास गरेका छन्।<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal and the Rohingya Refugees |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/nepal-and-the-rohingya-refugees/ |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baral |first=Biswas |title=No country for Rohingya |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/29282/ |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=My Republica}}</ref> कपनमा ३०० रोहिंग्या शरणार्थी बसेका छन्। नेपालभरि रोहिंग्याहरूको कुल सङ्ख्या ६००<ref name="kpost2020">{{Cite web |title=Opinion {{!}} The Rohingya in Nepal |url=https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2020/01/01/the-rohingya-in-nepal |accessdate=2020-06-13}}</ref> र ३००० को बीचमा रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ।<ref name="spotlight2020">{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=New Spolight |title=Rohingyas Refugees Entry In Nepal A Cause Of Concern |url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2019/12/30/rohingyas-refugees-entry-nepal-cause-concern/ |access-date=2020-06-13 |website=SpotlightNepal}}</ref> == अफगान शरणार्थी == सन् २०२१ मा अफगानिस्तानमा तालिबान प्रशासनले सत्ता हातमा लिएपछि अफगान शरणार्थीहरू भारत हुँदै नेपाल आउन थाले। उनीहरू भारतीय सीमाबाट प्रवेश गरेका थिए। उनीहरू [[संयुक्त राष्ट्र शरणार्थी उच्च आयोग|युएनएचसीआर]] निगरानीमा रहेका छन्। हाल दिल्लीमा रहेका धेरै अफगानीहरू नेपाल प्रवेश गर्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।<ref>{{Cite web |title=भित्रिन थाले अफगान 'शरणार्थी'- समाचार - कान्तिपुर समाचार |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/10/25/163512234438116619.html |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Afghans in Nepal await resettlement- Nepali Times |url=https://www.nepalitimes.com/here-now/afghans-in-nepal-await-resettlement/ |accessdate=2021-10-25}}</ref> == अन्य शरणार्थीहरू == ==सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू== {{सन्दर्भसूची}} [[श्रेणी:नेपालको परराष्ट्र सम्बन्ध]] rzcrrcw4imc5r5wtck6rh0uot5sz1y0