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IMakhiwo Ye-Union
0
1229
6853
6808
2026-09-22T11:01:45Z
Dumbassman
1091
6853
wikitext
text/x-wiki
'''Izakhiwo ze-Union''' ({{langx|af|Uniegebou}}) ibumba isihlalo esisemthethweni sakaRhulumende weSewula Afrika esinama-ofisi kaMengameli weSewula Afrika. Imakhiwo emide nekarisa khulu kwamambala le ifunyaneka e-Pitoli, esiqongolweni se-Meintjeskop; eTlhagwini ye-Arcadia, etjhidelene ne-Curch Square yomlando. Iinvande ezikulu zemakhiwo zizombeleze phakathi kwe-Government Avenue, kwe-Vermeulen Street East, kwe-Church Street, kwe-R104 kanye ne-Blackwood Street. I-Fairview Avenue yindlela evaliweko, ekukulapho-ke iimphathiswa zinemvumo zodwa tere ukungena ngayo emakhiweni we-Union. Nanyana ingakanzinzi phakathi ne-Pitori nje kodwana iMakhiwo ye-Union ithatha isiqongolo se-Pitori begodu iyindawo yamagugu welizwe leSewula Afrika.
IMakhiwo ngenye yamaziko wepilo yepolotiki eSewula Afrika; "IMakhiwo" kanye "ne-Arcadia" muva nje sele zitjhuguluke amagama woMbuso weSewula Afrika. Ibe yindawo edumileko ye-Pitori, eSewula Afrika zombelele begodu ngenye yeendawo elulukeza iimvakatjhi edorobheni beyinetshwayo lentando yenengi.
IMakhiwo le iyindawo lapho aqangulela khona umongameli welizwe umsebenzakhe wetjhuguluko lelizwe ngemva kokukhethwa.
69n6fv352ykh7wcj0p1cdjbtzerzghs
Ukugwalwa Kwezindlu ZamaNdebele
0
1239
6845
6839
2026-09-22T02:35:42Z
Andries Solly Skhosana
1624
Created by translating the section "History" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346828616|Ndebele house painting]]"
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[[Isimumathi:Ndebele Architecture.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Igwalo langaphandle lendlu yamaNdebele.]]
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele-women-loopspruit.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Abomma bamaNdebele bajame ngaphandle kwendlu yerantabula egwaliweko.]]
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' mhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika, obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]] — enarheni yeSewula Afrika kanye [[:en:Northern_Ndebele_people|nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini]] e-[[:en:Matobo|Matobo]]; e-Zimbabwe<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndebele_house_painting</ref>. Kuvama ukwenziwa babantu abasikazi bamaNdebele. Imiphumela yemisebenzabo siyibiza ngokuthi ligwalo nalisebunyeni, bese ebunengini sithi [[:en:Painting|magwalo]]. Kunegwalo langaphandle kwendlu yamaNdebele kanye nelangaphakathi, anjalo-nje ayakhuluma. Elinye nelinye igwalo kukhona elikutjhoko. Kanengi kuba mgwali owazi ihlathululo yegwalo lakhe kanye nemibala ayisebenzisileko bona itjho ukuthini.
== Umlando ==
Ubukghwari obufunyaneka endaweni yesikopilo yamaNdebele babukhona eminyakeni eyiinkulungwana eyadlulako begodu bufakazelwa bukghwari bamatje obufunyaneka ema-Matopos obuthiywe ngama-Khoi-San. Ngomnyaka wee-2016, iSikhwama se-US Mzenda vikela iSiko, i-AFCP ngokurhunyeziweko sanikela ngesibonelelo sokutlola phasi ubukghwari besikopilo yesiNdebele, bokugwala kanye nebokuhlobisa amarantabula. Lokhu-ke kuza njengokuba kuqakatheke ngakho ukudlulisela amakghono kanye nelwazi ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya kwesesibili. <ref name=":0" />
Ngesikhathi seminyaka emakhulu ali-18, isitjhaba samaNdebele wakwaNdzundza; [[Isewula Afrika|eSewula Afrika]] sakha isiko kanye nendlela yaso ekhethekileko yokugwala izindlu. Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni komnyaka we-1900, amaNdebele atjheja iingorho kanye nabanikazi abakhulu abaphethe indawo. Ngesiruthwana somnyaka we-1883, aya epini namaBhunu abomakhelwana babo. [[Lose|Ukuloba]] ipi kwawo kwaletha ipilo ebukhuni tle kanye nokujeziswa okumbi khulu kwamambala emaNdebeleni. Ngeenkhathi lezo ezibudisi, amatshwayo wokuveza imizwa akhiqizwa babantu abatlhagako lokha nabaveza ubuhlungu babo. Amatshwayo la bekasithomo sobukghwari be-Afrika.
Isitjhaba samaNdebele ekuthomeni kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 besihlala eenrantabuleni zotjani. Sathoma ngokusebenzisa izindlu ezinamaboda wedaka, phakathi kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 lokha amatshwayo la nakathoma ukubunjwa eendlini zaso nemabodenaso. Amatshwayo avezwako la gade asetjenziselwa ukulomondisana hlangana neenqhema ezincani zabantu bamaNdebele. Bajamela iragelo phambili labo lokujamela amasiko nobunjalo bobujamo babo. Abalimi bamaBhunu gade bangatlhadlhuleki, kunokuzwisisa lokho bona bebakuthatha njengobukghwari bamasiko obungalimaziko, nje-ke kwavunyelwa bona kuragelwe phambili. Amagwalo la asemabodeni bekenziwa babantu abasikazi, ayimtlolofihlo owaziwa babantu babo bodwa, ingasi nanyana ngubani kodwana amaNdebele kwaphela.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhuliswa kwabantu abaduna, okwaziwa ngokuwela (ukuyama), bekusizathu sokuvuselela, kodwana isiko belingavezwa. Elinye izinga lepilo elingakhange livezwe namkha linqotjhiswe ngamabodabo bekukuvezwa ukuhlanzeka kwabo. Amasiko neenkolelo azange zibe yingcenye yamagwalo wemizi yamaNdebele. Abomma bamaNdebele bavama ukuba bathwali besiko begodu nabathuthukisi abakhulu bobukghwari bamaboda wemakhaya wabo. Isiko nendlela ekhethekileko yokugwala indlu idluliselwa ngumma emalungeni wemindeni, ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya esizukulwaneni sesibili. Ikhaya eligwalwe kuhle liveza umfazi wekhaya njengomfazi kanye nomma wamambala. Utjheja khulu ukugwala iimpundu zemithangala yesango, imithangala yesirhodlo, imithangala yesibuya begodu kanengi utjheja nomthejo wengakwakhe. Into eyodwa tere elitjhuguluko elikarisako soloko kwathoma ukugwala amaboda wezindlu zobukghwari zagadesi kuziindlela zabo ezikhethekileko nezihlukileko kwezabanye.
Ekuthomeni kokugwala izindlu, amatshwayo [[Patterns|nemisikiso]] yazo bekavama ukususelwa emilingakobeni nemikhaleni yawamaNdebele. Imisikiso beyinemibala erasako begodu igwalwe ngemino yabantu abasikazi. Ipende yokuthoma eendlini bekuyipende emhlophe eyenziwa ngomlotha wamatje aphekiweko, i-limestone whitewash. Imibala eyimfakela lokha nakugwalwako bekumibala yemvelo, efakahlangana umbala onzotho, onzima kanye neminye eminengi. Inengi lemisikiso gade linesibumbeko seledere elingu-V begodu noncantathu odwebiwa abe mkhulu ngokwesibumbeko esinombala. Imisikiso, ukukhanya kwemibala yephasi, iinkomba kanye nobukhulu beziqakatheke khulu kwamambala ukudlula imibala yanamhlanjesi ekhanya bha!
330gg5alvr7nhviaz8aon3n59qou1tt
6846
6845
2026-09-22T02:58:36Z
Andries Solly Skhosana
1624
Created by translating the section "Colors" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346828616|Ndebele house painting]]"
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[[Isimumathi:Ndebele Architecture.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Igwalo langaphandle lendlu yamaNdebele.]]
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele-women-loopspruit.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Abomma bamaNdebele bajame ngaphandle kwendlu yerantabula egwaliweko.]]
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' mhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika, obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]] — enarheni yeSewula Afrika kanye [[:en:Northern_Ndebele_people|nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini]] e-[[:en:Matobo|Matobo]]; e-Zimbabwe<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndebele_house_painting</ref>. Kuvama ukwenziwa babantu abasikazi bamaNdebele. Imiphumela yemisebenzabo siyibiza ngokuthi ligwalo nalisebunyeni, bese ebunengini sithi [[:en:Painting|magwalo]]. Kunegwalo langaphandle kwendlu yamaNdebele kanye nelangaphakathi, anjalo-nje ayakhuluma. Elinye nelinye igwalo kukhona elikutjhoko. Kanengi kuba mgwali owazi ihlathululo yegwalo lakhe kanye nemibala ayisebenzisileko bona itjho ukuthini.
== Umlando ==
Ubukghwari obufunyaneka endaweni yesikopilo yamaNdebele babukhona eminyakeni eyiinkulungwana eyadlulako begodu bufakazelwa bukghwari bamatje obufunyaneka ema-Matopos obuthiywe ngama-Khoi-San. Ngomnyaka wee-2016, iSikhwama se-US Mzenda vikela iSiko, i-AFCP ngokurhunyeziweko sanikela ngesibonelelo sokutlola phasi ubukghwari besikopilo yesiNdebele, bokugwala kanye nebokuhlobisa amarantabula. Lokhu-ke kuza njengokuba kuqakatheke ngakho ukudlulisela amakghono kanye nelwazi ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya kwesesibili. <ref name=":0" />
Ngesikhathi seminyaka emakhulu ali-18, isitjhaba samaNdebele wakwaNdzundza; [[Isewula Afrika|eSewula Afrika]] sakha isiko kanye nendlela yaso ekhethekileko yokugwala izindlu. Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni komnyaka we-1900, amaNdebele atjheja iingorho kanye nabanikazi abakhulu abaphethe indawo. Ngesiruthwana somnyaka we-1883, aya epini namaBhunu abomakhelwana babo. [[Lose|Ukuloba]] ipi kwawo kwaletha ipilo ebukhuni tle kanye nokujeziswa okumbi khulu kwamambala emaNdebeleni. Ngeenkhathi lezo ezibudisi, amatshwayo wokuveza imizwa akhiqizwa babantu abatlhagako lokha nabaveza ubuhlungu babo. Amatshwayo la bekasithomo sobukghwari be-Afrika.
Isitjhaba samaNdebele ekuthomeni kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 besihlala eenrantabuleni zotjani. Sathoma ngokusebenzisa izindlu ezinamaboda wedaka, phakathi kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 lokha amatshwayo la nakathoma ukubunjwa eendlini zaso nemabodenaso. Amatshwayo avezwako la gade asetjenziselwa ukulomondisana hlangana neenqhema ezincani zabantu bamaNdebele. Bajamela iragelo phambili labo lokujamela amasiko nobunjalo bobujamo babo. Abalimi bamaBhunu gade bangatlhadlhuleki, kunokuzwisisa lokho bona bebakuthatha njengobukghwari bamasiko obungalimaziko, nje-ke kwavunyelwa bona kuragelwe phambili. Amagwalo la asemabodeni bekenziwa babantu abasikazi, ayimtlolofihlo owaziwa babantu babo bodwa, ingasi nanyana ngubani kodwana amaNdebele kwaphela.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhuliswa kwabantu abaduna, okwaziwa ngokuwela (ukuyama), bekusizathu sokuvuselela, kodwana isiko belingavezwa. Elinye izinga lepilo elingakhange livezwe namkha linqotjhiswe ngamabodabo bekukuvezwa ukuhlanzeka kwabo. Amasiko neenkolelo azange zibe yingcenye yamagwalo wemizi yamaNdebele. Abomma bamaNdebele bavama ukuba bathwali besiko begodu nabathuthukisi abakhulu bobukghwari bamaboda wemakhaya wabo. Isiko nendlela ekhethekileko yokugwala indlu idluliselwa ngumma emalungeni wemindeni, ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya esizukulwaneni sesibili. Ikhaya eligwalwe kuhle liveza umfazi wekhaya njengomfazi kanye nomma wamambala. Utjheja khulu ukugwala iimpundu zemithangala yesango, imithangala yesirhodlo, imithangala yesibuya begodu kanengi utjheja nomthejo wengakwakhe. Into eyodwa tere elitjhuguluko elikarisako soloko kwathoma ukugwala amaboda wezindlu zobukghwari zagadesi kuziindlela zabo ezikhethekileko nezihlukileko kwezabanye.
Ekuthomeni kokugwala izindlu, amatshwayo [[Patterns|nemisikiso]] yazo bekavama ukususelwa emilingakobeni nemikhaleni yawamaNdebele. Imisikiso beyinemibala erasako begodu igwalwe ngemino yabantu abasikazi. Ipende yokuthoma eendlini bekuyipende emhlophe eyenziwa ngomlotha wamatje aphekiweko, i-limestone whitewash. Imibala eyimfakela lokha nakugwalwako bekumibala yemvelo, efakahlangana umbala onzotho, onzima kanye neminye eminengi. Inengi lemisikiso gade linesibumbeko seledere elingu-V begodu noncantathu odwebiwa abe mkhulu ngokwesibumbeko esinombala. Imisikiso, ukukhanya kwemibala yephasi, iinkomba kanye nobukhulu beziqakatheke khulu kwamambala ukudlula imibala yanamhlanjesi ekhanya bha!
== Colors ==
Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, imibala nebunjo kwaba yinto eqakathekileko emtlanyweni yoke. Emaswapheleni weminyaka we-1968, indlela etja ekhethekileko yabonakala. Lokho okwakukade kuyimvelo ngokugwala ngomunwe, muva nje sele kwenziwa iinsetjenziswa ezihlanganiswe neeensibana kwaba ngasuthi ziinkwasana. Amaboda bekasese mhlophe ekuthomeni kodwana imibala yayo yabuua yatjhuguluka khulu. Imisikiso namatshwayo namhlanjesi angabonakala ngombala onzima omanyazelako kanye nombala okhanya bha ngaphakathi. Kunemibala emihlanu eqakathekileko: Obovu kanye nobovu khulu, osarulana ukuya kolidzugu, ulijuba, ohlaza tjani, begodu kwesinye isikhathi obukhobe. Imibala inikela ihlathululo etjhujileko yamaNdebele. Ingatjho ubujamo nofana amandla wabanikazi bekhaya, ukuthandaza, ukukwakwazelela umtjhado ekhaya nofana ingajamela umtjhagalo wagadesi. Imigwalo iveza ihlathululo engabonakaliko nengasi neyamambala. Le kuyindlela eqophileko yokutjengisa ukuzibonakalisa kwabo ebantwini abangaphandle komndeni wabo ohlukileko, ukutjengisa ikghono nokunambitheka kukamma. Umbala omhlophe uhlala usetjenziswa njengesizinda ngombana wenza amaphetheni akhanyako abonakale khulu.
fk6li7th2r49e9w3xo8geniph1d8sa2
6847
6846
2026-09-22T09:29:00Z
Andries Solly Skhosana
1624
Created by translating the section "__LEAD_SECTION__" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346828616|Ndebele house painting]]"
6847
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text/x-wiki
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele Architecture.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Igwalo langaphandle lendlu yamaNdebele.]]
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele-women-loopspruit.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Abomma bamaNdebele bajame ngaphandle kwendlu yerantabula egwaliweko.]]
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' mhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika, obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]] — enarheni yeSewula Afrika kanye [[:en:Northern_Ndebele_people|nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini]] e-[[:en:Matobo|Matobo]]; e-Zimbabwe<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndebele_house_painting</ref>. Kuvama ukwenziwa babantu abasikazi bamaNdebele. Imiphumela yemisebenzabo siyibiza ngokuthi ligwalo nalisebunyeni, bese ebunengini sithi [[:en:Painting|magwalo]]. Kunegwalo langaphandle kwendlu yamaNdebele kanye nelangaphakathi, anjalo-nje ayakhuluma. Elinye nelinye igwalo kukhona elikutjhoko. Kanengi kuba mgwali owazi ihlathululo yegwalo lakhe kanye nemibala ayisebenzisileko bona itjho ukuthini.
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' kumhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]], eSewula Afrika kanye nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini, e-Matobo, e-Zimbabwe. Kwenziwa khulu babantu abasikazi bamaNdebele.
== Umlando ==
Ubukghwari obufunyaneka endaweni yesikopilo yamaNdebele babukhona eminyakeni eyiinkulungwana eyadlulako begodu bufakazelwa bukghwari bamatje obufunyaneka ema-Matopos obuthiywe ngama-Khoi-San. Ngomnyaka wee-2016, iSikhwama se-US Mzenda vikela iSiko, i-AFCP ngokurhunyeziweko sanikela ngesibonelelo sokutlola phasi ubukghwari besikopilo yesiNdebele, bokugwala kanye nebokuhlobisa amarantabula. Lokhu-ke kuza njengokuba kuqakatheke ngakho ukudlulisela amakghono kanye nelwazi ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya kwesesibili. <ref name=":0" />
Ngesikhathi seminyaka emakhulu ali-18, isitjhaba samaNdebele wakwaNdzundza; [[Isewula Afrika|eSewula Afrika]] sakha isiko kanye nendlela yaso ekhethekileko yokugwala izindlu. Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni komnyaka we-1900, amaNdebele atjheja iingorho kanye nabanikazi abakhulu abaphethe indawo. Ngesiruthwana somnyaka we-1883, aya epini namaBhunu abomakhelwana babo. [[Lose|Ukuloba]] ipi kwawo kwaletha ipilo ebukhuni tle kanye nokujeziswa okumbi khulu kwamambala emaNdebeleni. Ngeenkhathi lezo ezibudisi, amatshwayo wokuveza imizwa akhiqizwa babantu abatlhagako lokha nabaveza ubuhlungu babo. Amatshwayo la bekasithomo sobukghwari be-Afrika.
Isitjhaba samaNdebele ekuthomeni kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 besihlala eenrantabuleni zotjani. Sathoma ngokusebenzisa izindlu ezinamaboda wedaka, phakathi kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 lokha amatshwayo la nakathoma ukubunjwa eendlini zaso nemabodenaso. Amatshwayo avezwako la gade asetjenziselwa ukulomondisana hlangana neenqhema ezincani zabantu bamaNdebele. Bajamela iragelo phambili labo lokujamela amasiko nobunjalo bobujamo babo. Abalimi bamaBhunu gade bangatlhadlhuleki, kunokuzwisisa lokho bona bebakuthatha njengobukghwari bamasiko obungalimaziko, nje-ke kwavunyelwa bona kuragelwe phambili. Amagwalo la asemabodeni bekenziwa babantu abasikazi, ayimtlolofihlo owaziwa babantu babo bodwa, ingasi nanyana ngubani kodwana amaNdebele kwaphela.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhuliswa kwabantu abaduna, okwaziwa ngokuwela (ukuyama), bekusizathu sokuvuselela, kodwana isiko belingavezwa. Elinye izinga lepilo elingakhange livezwe namkha linqotjhiswe ngamabodabo bekukuvezwa ukuhlanzeka kwabo. Amasiko neenkolelo azange zibe yingcenye yamagwalo wemizi yamaNdebele. Abomma bamaNdebele bavama ukuba bathwali besiko begodu nabathuthukisi abakhulu bobukghwari bamaboda wemakhaya wabo. Isiko nendlela ekhethekileko yokugwala indlu idluliselwa ngumma emalungeni wemindeni, ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya esizukulwaneni sesibili. Ikhaya eligwalwe kuhle liveza umfazi wekhaya njengomfazi kanye nomma wamambala. Utjheja khulu ukugwala iimpundu zemithangala yesango, imithangala yesirhodlo, imithangala yesibuya begodu kanengi utjheja nomthejo wengakwakhe. Into eyodwa tere elitjhuguluko elikarisako soloko kwathoma ukugwala amaboda wezindlu zobukghwari zagadesi kuziindlela zabo ezikhethekileko nezihlukileko kwezabanye.
Ekuthomeni kokugwala izindlu, amatshwayo [[Patterns|nemisikiso]] yazo bekavama ukususelwa emilingakobeni nemikhaleni yawamaNdebele. Imisikiso beyinemibala erasako begodu igwalwe ngemino yabantu abasikazi. Ipende yokuthoma eendlini bekuyipende emhlophe eyenziwa ngomlotha wamatje aphekiweko, i-limestone whitewash. Imibala eyimfakela lokha nakugwalwako bekumibala yemvelo, efakahlangana umbala onzotho, onzima kanye neminye eminengi. Inengi lemisikiso gade linesibumbeko seledere elingu-V begodu noncantathu odwebiwa abe mkhulu ngokwesibumbeko esinombala. Imisikiso, ukukhanya kwemibala yephasi, iinkomba kanye nobukhulu beziqakatheke khulu kwamambala ukudlula imibala yanamhlanjesi ekhanya bha!
== Colors ==
Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, imibala nebunjo kwaba yinto eqakathekileko emtlanyweni yoke. Emaswapheleni weminyaka we-1968, indlela etja ekhethekileko yabonakala. Lokho okwakukade kuyimvelo ngokugwala ngomunwe, muva nje sele kwenziwa iinsetjenziswa ezihlanganiswe neeensibana kwaba ngasuthi ziinkwasana. Amaboda bekasese mhlophe ekuthomeni kodwana imibala yayo yabuua yatjhuguluka khulu. Imisikiso namatshwayo namhlanjesi angabonakala ngombala onzima omanyazelako kanye nombala okhanya bha ngaphakathi. Kunemibala emihlanu eqakathekileko: Obovu kanye nobovu khulu, osarulana ukuya kolidzugu, ulijuba, ohlaza tjani, begodu kwesinye isikhathi obukhobe. Imibala inikela ihlathululo etjhujileko yamaNdebele. Ingatjho ubujamo nofana amandla wabanikazi bekhaya, ukuthandaza, ukukwakwazelela umtjhado ekhaya nofana ingajamela umtjhagalo wagadesi. Imigwalo iveza ihlathululo engabonakaliko nengasi neyamambala. Le kuyindlela eqophileko yokutjengisa ukuzibonakalisa kwabo ebantwini abangaphandle komndeni wabo ohlukileko, ukutjengisa ikghono nokunambitheka kukamma. Umbala omhlophe uhlala usetjenziswa njengesizinda ngombana wenza amaphetheni akhanyako abonakale khulu.
affa1vxeutt5bo4wjc1zeapfwles797
6848
6847
2026-09-22T09:37:29Z
Andries Solly Skhosana
1624
/* Colors */
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[[Isimumathi:Ndebele Architecture.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Igwalo langaphandle lendlu yamaNdebele.]]
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele-women-loopspruit.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Abomma bamaNdebele bajame ngaphandle kwendlu yerantabula egwaliweko.]]
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' mhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika, obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]] — enarheni yeSewula Afrika kanye [[:en:Northern_Ndebele_people|nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini]] e-[[:en:Matobo|Matobo]]; e-Zimbabwe<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndebele_house_painting</ref>. Kuvama ukwenziwa babantu abasikazi bamaNdebele. Imiphumela yemisebenzabo siyibiza ngokuthi ligwalo nalisebunyeni, bese ebunengini sithi [[:en:Painting|magwalo]]. Kunegwalo langaphandle kwendlu yamaNdebele kanye nelangaphakathi, anjalo-nje ayakhuluma. Elinye nelinye igwalo kukhona elikutjhoko. Kanengi kuba mgwali owazi ihlathululo yegwalo lakhe kanye nemibala ayisebenzisileko bona itjho ukuthini.
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' kumhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]], eSewula Afrika kanye nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini, e-Matobo, e-Zimbabwe. Kwenziwa khulu babantu abasikazi bamaNdebele.
== Umlando ==
Ubukghwari obufunyaneka endaweni yesikopilo yamaNdebele babukhona eminyakeni eyiinkulungwana eyadlulako begodu bufakazelwa bukghwari bamatje obufunyaneka ema-Matopos obuthiywe ngama-Khoi-San. Ngomnyaka wee-2016, iSikhwama se-US Mzenda vikela iSiko, i-AFCP ngokurhunyeziweko sanikela ngesibonelelo sokutlola phasi ubukghwari besikopilo yesiNdebele, bokugwala kanye nebokuhlobisa amarantabula. Lokhu-ke kuza njengokuba kuqakatheke ngakho ukudlulisela amakghono kanye nelwazi ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya kwesesibili. <ref name=":0" />
Ngesikhathi seminyaka emakhulu ali-18, isitjhaba samaNdebele wakwaNdzundza; [[Isewula Afrika|eSewula Afrika]] sakha isiko kanye nendlela yaso ekhethekileko yokugwala izindlu. Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni komnyaka we-1900, amaNdebele atjheja iingorho kanye nabanikazi abakhulu abaphethe indawo. Ngesiruthwana somnyaka we-1883, aya epini namaBhunu abomakhelwana babo. [[Lose|Ukuloba]] ipi kwawo kwaletha ipilo ebukhuni tle kanye nokujeziswa okumbi khulu kwamambala emaNdebeleni. Ngeenkhathi lezo ezibudisi, amatshwayo wokuveza imizwa akhiqizwa babantu abatlhagako lokha nabaveza ubuhlungu babo. Amatshwayo la bekasithomo sobukghwari be-Afrika.
Isitjhaba samaNdebele ekuthomeni kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 besihlala eenrantabuleni zotjani. Sathoma ngokusebenzisa izindlu ezinamaboda wedaka, phakathi kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 lokha amatshwayo la nakathoma ukubunjwa eendlini zaso nemabodenaso. Amatshwayo avezwako la gade asetjenziselwa ukulomondisana hlangana neenqhema ezincani zabantu bamaNdebele. Bajamela iragelo phambili labo lokujamela amasiko nobunjalo bobujamo babo. Abalimi bamaBhunu gade bangatlhadlhuleki, kunokuzwisisa lokho bona bebakuthatha njengobukghwari bamasiko obungalimaziko, nje-ke kwavunyelwa bona kuragelwe phambili. Amagwalo la asemabodeni bekenziwa babantu abasikazi, ayimtlolofihlo owaziwa babantu babo bodwa, ingasi nanyana ngubani kodwana amaNdebele kwaphela.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhuliswa kwabantu abaduna, okwaziwa ngokuwela (ukuyama), bekusizathu sokuvuselela, kodwana isiko belingavezwa. Elinye izinga lepilo elingakhange livezwe namkha linqotjhiswe ngamabodabo bekukuvezwa ukuhlanzeka kwabo. Amasiko neenkolelo azange zibe yingcenye yamagwalo wemizi yamaNdebele. Abomma bamaNdebele bavama ukuba bathwali besiko begodu nabathuthukisi abakhulu bobukghwari bamaboda wemakhaya wabo. Isiko nendlela ekhethekileko yokugwala indlu idluliselwa ngumma emalungeni wemindeni, ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya esizukulwaneni sesibili. Ikhaya eligwalwe kuhle liveza umfazi wekhaya njengomfazi kanye nomma wamambala. Utjheja khulu ukugwala iimpundu zemithangala yesango, imithangala yesirhodlo, imithangala yesibuya begodu kanengi utjheja nomthejo wengakwakhe. Into eyodwa tere elitjhuguluko elikarisako soloko kwathoma ukugwala amaboda wezindlu zobukghwari zagadesi kuziindlela zabo ezikhethekileko nezihlukileko kwezabanye.
Ekuthomeni kokugwala izindlu, amatshwayo [[Patterns|nemisikiso]] yazo bekavama ukususelwa emilingakobeni nemikhaleni yawamaNdebele. Imisikiso beyinemibala erasako begodu igwalwe ngemino yabantu abasikazi. Ipende yokuthoma eendlini bekuyipende emhlophe eyenziwa ngomlotha wamatje aphekiweko, i-limestone whitewash. Imibala eyimfakela lokha nakugwalwako bekumibala yemvelo, efakahlangana umbala onzotho, onzima kanye neminye eminengi. Inengi lemisikiso gade linesibumbeko seledere elingu-V begodu noncantathu odwebiwa abe mkhulu ngokwesibumbeko esinombala. Imisikiso, ukukhanya kwemibala yephasi, iinkomba kanye nobukhulu beziqakatheke khulu kwamambala ukudlula imibala yanamhlanjesi ekhanya bha!
== Colors ==
Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, imibala nebunjo kwaba yinto eqakathekileko emitlanyweni yoke. Emaswapheleni weminyaka we-1968, indlela etja ekhethekileko yabonakala. Lokho okwakukade kuyimvelo ngokugwala ngomuno, muva nje sele kwenziwa iinsetjenziswa ezihlanganiswe neeensibana kwaba ngasuthi ziinkwasana. Amaboda bekasese mhlophe ekuthomeni kodwana imibala yawo yabuya yatjhuguluka khulu. Imisikiso namatshwayo namhlanjesi angabonakala ngombala onzima omanyazelako kanye nombala okhanya bha!. Kunemibala emihlanu eqakathekileko: Obovu kanye nobovu khulu, osarulana ukuya kolidzugu, olijuba, ohlaza tjani begodu kwesinye isikhathi obukhobe. Imibala inikela ihlathululo etjhujileko yamaNdebele. Ingatjho ubujamo nofana amandla wabanikazi bekhaya, ukuthandaza, ukukwakwazelela umtjhado ekhaya nofana ingajamela umtjhagalo wagadesi. Imigwalo iveza ihlathululo engabonakaliko nengasi ngeyamambala. Le kuyindlela eqophileko yokutjengisa ukuzibonakalisa kwabo ebantwini abangaphandle komndeni wabo ohlukileko, ukutjengisa ikghono nokunambitheka kukamma. Umbala omhlophe uhlala usetjenziswa njengesizinda ngombana wenza imisikiso ekhanyako ibonakale khulu.
3fzix0fm0ft16x81upy838qpisclck6
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Andries Solly Skhosana
1624
/* Colors */
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[[Isimumathi:Ndebele Architecture.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Igwalo langaphandle lendlu yamaNdebele.]]
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele-women-loopspruit.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Abomma bamaNdebele bajame ngaphandle kwendlu yerantabula egwaliweko.]]
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' mhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika, obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]] — enarheni yeSewula Afrika kanye [[:en:Northern_Ndebele_people|nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini]] e-[[:en:Matobo|Matobo]]; e-Zimbabwe<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndebele_house_painting</ref>. Kuvama ukwenziwa babantu abasikazi bamaNdebele. Imiphumela yemisebenzabo siyibiza ngokuthi ligwalo nalisebunyeni, bese ebunengini sithi [[:en:Painting|magwalo]]. Kunegwalo langaphandle kwendlu yamaNdebele kanye nelangaphakathi, anjalo-nje ayakhuluma. Elinye nelinye igwalo kukhona elikutjhoko. Kanengi kuba mgwali owazi ihlathululo yegwalo lakhe kanye nemibala ayisebenzisileko bona itjho ukuthini.
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' kumhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]], eSewula Afrika kanye nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini, e-Matobo, e-Zimbabwe. Kwenziwa khulu babantu abasikazi bamaNdebele.
== Umlando ==
Ubukghwari obufunyaneka endaweni yesikopilo yamaNdebele babukhona eminyakeni eyiinkulungwana eyadlulako begodu bufakazelwa bukghwari bamatje obufunyaneka ema-Matopos obuthiywe ngama-Khoi-San. Ngomnyaka wee-2016, iSikhwama se-US Mzenda vikela iSiko, i-AFCP ngokurhunyeziweko sanikela ngesibonelelo sokutlola phasi ubukghwari besikopilo yesiNdebele, bokugwala kanye nebokuhlobisa amarantabula. Lokhu-ke kuza njengokuba kuqakatheke ngakho ukudlulisela amakghono kanye nelwazi ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya kwesesibili. <ref name=":0" />
Ngesikhathi seminyaka emakhulu ali-18, isitjhaba samaNdebele wakwaNdzundza; [[Isewula Afrika|eSewula Afrika]] sakha isiko kanye nendlela yaso ekhethekileko yokugwala izindlu. Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni komnyaka we-1900, amaNdebele atjheja iingorho kanye nabanikazi abakhulu abaphethe indawo. Ngesiruthwana somnyaka we-1883, aya epini namaBhunu abomakhelwana babo. [[Lose|Ukuloba]] ipi kwawo kwaletha ipilo ebukhuni tle kanye nokujeziswa okumbi khulu kwamambala emaNdebeleni. Ngeenkhathi lezo ezibudisi, amatshwayo wokuveza imizwa akhiqizwa babantu abatlhagako lokha nabaveza ubuhlungu babo. Amatshwayo la bekasithomo sobukghwari be-Afrika.
Isitjhaba samaNdebele ekuthomeni kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 besihlala eenrantabuleni zotjani. Sathoma ngokusebenzisa izindlu ezinamaboda wedaka, phakathi kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 lokha amatshwayo la nakathoma ukubunjwa eendlini zaso nemabodenaso. Amatshwayo avezwako la gade asetjenziselwa ukulomondisana hlangana neenqhema ezincani zabantu bamaNdebele. Bajamela iragelo phambili labo lokujamela amasiko nobunjalo bobujamo babo. Abalimi bamaBhunu gade bangatlhadlhuleki, kunokuzwisisa lokho bona bebakuthatha njengobukghwari bamasiko obungalimaziko, nje-ke kwavunyelwa bona kuragelwe phambili. Amagwalo la asemabodeni bekenziwa babantu abasikazi, ayimtlolofihlo owaziwa babantu babo bodwa, ingasi nanyana ngubani kodwana amaNdebele kwaphela.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhuliswa kwabantu abaduna, okwaziwa ngokuwela (ukuyama), bekusizathu sokuvuselela, kodwana isiko belingavezwa. Elinye izinga lepilo elingakhange livezwe namkha linqotjhiswe ngamabodabo bekukuvezwa ukuhlanzeka kwabo. Amasiko neenkolelo azange zibe yingcenye yamagwalo wemizi yamaNdebele. Abomma bamaNdebele bavama ukuba bathwali besiko begodu nabathuthukisi abakhulu bobukghwari bamaboda wemakhaya wabo. Isiko nendlela ekhethekileko yokugwala indlu idluliselwa ngumma emalungeni wemindeni, ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya esizukulwaneni sesibili. Ikhaya eligwalwe kuhle liveza umfazi wekhaya njengomfazi kanye nomma wamambala. Utjheja khulu ukugwala iimpundu zemithangala yesango, imithangala yesirhodlo, imithangala yesibuya begodu kanengi utjheja nomthejo wengakwakhe. Into eyodwa tere elitjhuguluko elikarisako soloko kwathoma ukugwala amaboda wezindlu zobukghwari zagadesi kuziindlela zabo ezikhethekileko nezihlukileko kwezabanye.
Ekuthomeni kokugwala izindlu, amatshwayo [[Patterns|nemisikiso]] yazo bekavama ukususelwa emilingakobeni nemikhaleni yawamaNdebele. Imisikiso beyinemibala erasako begodu igwalwe ngemino yabantu abasikazi. Ipende yokuthoma eendlini bekuyipende emhlophe eyenziwa ngomlotha wamatje aphekiweko, i-limestone whitewash. Imibala eyimfakela lokha nakugwalwako bekumibala yemvelo, efakahlangana umbala onzotho, onzima kanye neminye eminengi. Inengi lemisikiso gade linesibumbeko seledere elingu-V begodu noncantathu odwebiwa abe mkhulu ngokwesibumbeko esinombala. Imisikiso, ukukhanya kwemibala yephasi, iinkomba kanye nobukhulu beziqakatheke khulu kwamambala ukudlula imibala yanamhlanjesi ekhanya bha!
== Imibala ==
Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, imibala nebunjo kwaba yinto eqakathekileko emitlanyweni yoke. Emaswapheleni weminyaka we-1968, indlela etja ekhethekileko yabonakala. Lokho okwakukade kuyimvelo ngokugwala ngomuno, muva nje sele kwenziwa iinsetjenziswa ezihlanganiswe neeensibana kwaba ngasuthi ziinkwasana. Amaboda bekasese mhlophe ekuthomeni kodwana imibala yawo yabuya yatjhuguluka khulu. Imisikiso namatshwayo namhlanjesi angabonakala ngombala onzima omanyazelako kanye nombala okhanya bha!. Kunemibala emihlanu eqakathekileko: Obovu kanye nobovu khulu, osarulana ukuya kolidzugu, olijuba, ohlaza tjani begodu kwesinye isikhathi obukhobe. Imibala inikela ihlathululo etjhujileko yamaNdebele. Ingatjho ubujamo nofana amandla wabanikazi bekhaya, ukuthandaza, ukukwakwazelela umtjhado ekhaya nofana ingajamela umtjhagalo wagadesi. Imigwalo iveza ihlathululo engabonakaliko nengasi ngeyamambala. Le kuyindlela eqophileko yokutjengisa ukuzibonakalisa kwabo ebantwini abangaphandle komndeni wabo ohlukileko, ukutjengisa ikghono nokunambitheka kukamma. Umbala omhlophe uhlala usetjenziswa njengesizinda ngombana wenza imisikiso ekhanyako ibonakale khulu.
amqvbmt7b3834yaruonhw0cki6onbq9
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2026-09-22T09:59:38Z
Andries Solly Skhosana
1624
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[[Isimumathi:Ndebele Architecture.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Igwalo lendlu yamaNdebele laziwa ngokusebenzisa [[:en:Pattern|imisikiso]] yejometri kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemibala ekhanyako.]]
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele-women-loopspruit.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Abomma bamaNdebele bajame ngaphandle kwendlu [[:en:Rondavel|yerantabula]] egwaliweko.]]
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' mhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika, obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]] — enarheni yeSewula Afrika kanye [[:en:Northern_Ndebele_people|nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini]] e-[[:en:Matobo|Matobo]]; e-Zimbabwe<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndebele_house_painting</ref>.
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' kumhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]], eSewula Afrika kanye nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini, e-Matobo, e-Zimbabwe. Kwenziwa khulu babantu abasikazi bamaNdebele.
== Umlando ==
Ubukghwari obufunyaneka endaweni yesikopilo yamaNdebele babukhona eminyakeni eyiinkulungwana eyadlulako begodu bufakazelwa bukghwari bamatje obufunyaneka ema-Matopos obuthiywe ngama-Khoi-San. Ngomnyaka wee-2016, iSikhwama se-US Mzenda vikela iSiko, i-AFCP ngokurhunyeziweko sanikela ngesibonelelo sokutlola phasi ubukghwari besikopilo yesiNdebele, bokugwala kanye nebokuhlobisa amarantabula. Lokhu-ke kuza njengokuba kuqakatheke ngakho ukudlulisela amakghono kanye nelwazi ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya kwesesibili. <ref name=":0" />
Ngesikhathi seminyaka emakhulu ali-18, isitjhaba samaNdebele wakwaNdzundza; [[Isewula Afrika|eSewula Afrika]] sakha isiko kanye nendlela yaso ekhethekileko yokugwala izindlu. Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni komnyaka we-1900, amaNdebele atjheja iingorho kanye nabanikazi abakhulu abaphethe indawo. Ngesiruthwana somnyaka we-1883, aya epini namaBhunu abomakhelwana babo. [[Lose|Ukuloba]] ipi kwawo kwaletha ipilo ebukhuni tle kanye nokujeziswa okumbi khulu kwamambala emaNdebeleni. Ngeenkhathi lezo ezibudisi, amatshwayo wokuveza imizwa akhiqizwa babantu abatlhagako lokha nabaveza ubuhlungu babo. Amatshwayo la bekasithomo sobukghwari be-Afrika.
Isitjhaba samaNdebele ekuthomeni kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 besihlala eenrantabuleni zotjani. Sathoma ngokusebenzisa izindlu ezinamaboda wedaka, phakathi kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 lokha amatshwayo la nakathoma ukubunjwa eendlini zaso nemabodenaso. Amatshwayo avezwako la gade asetjenziselwa ukulomondisana hlangana neenqhema ezincani zabantu bamaNdebele. Bajamela iragelo phambili labo lokujamela amasiko nobunjalo bobujamo babo. Abalimi bamaBhunu gade bangatlhadlhuleki, kunokuzwisisa lokho bona bebakuthatha njengobukghwari bamasiko obungalimaziko, nje-ke kwavunyelwa bona kuragelwe phambili. Amagwalo la asemabodeni bekenziwa babantu abasikazi, ayimtlolofihlo owaziwa babantu babo bodwa, ingasi nanyana ngubani kodwana amaNdebele kwaphela.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhuliswa kwabantu abaduna, okwaziwa ngokuwela (ukuyama), bekusizathu sokuvuselela, kodwana isiko belingavezwa. Elinye izinga lepilo elingakhange livezwe namkha linqotjhiswe ngamabodabo bekukuvezwa ukuhlanzeka kwabo. Amasiko neenkolelo azange zibe yingcenye yamagwalo wemizi yamaNdebele. Abomma bamaNdebele bavama ukuba bathwali besiko begodu nabathuthukisi abakhulu bobukghwari bamaboda wemakhaya wabo. Isiko nendlela ekhethekileko yokugwala indlu idluliselwa ngumma emalungeni wemindeni, ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya esizukulwaneni sesibili. Ikhaya eligwalwe kuhle liveza umfazi wekhaya njengomfazi kanye nomma wamambala. Utjheja khulu ukugwala iimpundu zemithangala yesango, imithangala yesirhodlo, imithangala yesibuya begodu kanengi utjheja nomthejo wengakwakhe. Into eyodwa tere elitjhuguluko elikarisako soloko kwathoma ukugwala amaboda wezindlu zobukghwari zagadesi kuziindlela zabo ezikhethekileko nezihlukileko kwezabanye.
Ekuthomeni kokugwala izindlu, amatshwayo [[Patterns|nemisikiso]] yazo bekavama ukususelwa emilingakobeni nemikhaleni yawamaNdebele. Imisikiso beyinemibala erasako begodu igwalwe ngemino yabantu abasikazi. Ipende yokuthoma eendlini bekuyipende emhlophe eyenziwa ngomlotha wamatje aphekiweko, i-limestone whitewash. Imibala eyimfakela lokha nakugwalwako bekumibala yemvelo, efakahlangana umbala onzotho, onzima kanye neminye eminengi. Inengi lemisikiso gade linesibumbeko seledere elingu-V begodu noncantathu odwebiwa abe mkhulu ngokwesibumbeko esinombala. Imisikiso, ukukhanya kwemibala yephasi, iinkomba kanye nobukhulu beziqakatheke khulu kwamambala ukudlula imibala yanamhlanjesi ekhanya bha!
== Imibala ==
Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, imibala nebunjo kwaba yinto eqakathekileko emitlanyweni yoke. Emaswapheleni weminyaka we-1968, indlela etja ekhethekileko yabonakala. Lokho okwakukade kuyimvelo ngokugwala ngomuno, muva nje sele kwenziwa iinsetjenziswa ezihlanganiswe neeensibana kwaba ngasuthi ziinkwasana. Amaboda bekasese mhlophe ekuthomeni kodwana imibala yawo yabuya yatjhuguluka khulu. Imisikiso namatshwayo namhlanjesi angabonakala ngombala onzima omanyazelako kanye nombala okhanya bha!. Kunemibala emihlanu eqakathekileko: Obovu kanye nobovu khulu, osarulana ukuya kolidzugu, olijuba, ohlaza tjani begodu kwesinye isikhathi obukhobe. Imibala inikela ihlathululo etjhujileko yamaNdebele. Ingatjho ubujamo nofana amandla wabanikazi bekhaya, ukuthandaza, ukukwakwazelela umtjhado ekhaya nofana ingajamela umtjhagalo wagadesi. Imigwalo iveza ihlathululo engabonakaliko nengasi ngeyamambala. Le kuyindlela eqophileko yokutjengisa ukuzibonakalisa kwabo ebantwini abangaphandle komndeni wabo ohlukileko, ukutjengisa ikghono nokunambitheka kukamma. Umbala omhlophe uhlala usetjenziswa njengesizinda ngombana wenza imisikiso ekhanyako ibonakale khulu.
4xjgpp0k3p9ja30eikg9s3yjb2kahrq
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2026-09-22T10:01:55Z
Andries Solly Skhosana
1624
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text/x-wiki
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele Architecture.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Igwalo lendlu yamaNdebele laziwa ngokusebenzisa [[:en:Pattern|imisikiso]] yejometri kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemibala ekhanyako.]]
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele-women-loopspruit.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Abomma bamaNdebele bajame ngaphandle kwendlu [[:en:Rondavel|yerantabula]] egwaliweko.]]
'''Ukugwala izindlu zamaNdebele''' mhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika, obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]] — enarheni yeSewula Afrika kanye [[:en:Northern_Ndebele_people|nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini]] e-[[:en:Matobo|Matobo]]; e-Zimbabwe<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndebele_house_painting</ref>.
== Umlando ==
Ubukghwari obufunyaneka endaweni yesikopilo yamaNdebele babukhona eminyakeni eyiinkulungwana eyadlulako begodu bufakazelwa bukghwari bamatje obufunyaneka ema-Matopos obuthiywe ngama-Khoi-San. Ngomnyaka wee-2016, iSikhwama se-US Mzenda vikela iSiko, i-AFCP ngokurhunyeziweko sanikela ngesibonelelo sokutlola phasi ubukghwari besikopilo yesiNdebele, bokugwala kanye nebokuhlobisa amarantabula. Lokhu-ke kuza njengokuba kuqakatheke ngakho ukudlulisela amakghono kanye nelwazi ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya kwesesibili. <ref name=":0" />
Ngesikhathi seminyaka emakhulu ali-18, isitjhaba samaNdebele wakwaNdzundza; [[Isewula Afrika|eSewula Afrika]] sakha isiko kanye nendlela yaso ekhethekileko yokugwala izindlu. Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni komnyaka we-1900, amaNdebele atjheja iingorho kanye nabanikazi abakhulu abaphethe indawo. Ngesiruthwana somnyaka we-1883, aya epini namaBhunu abomakhelwana babo. [[Lose|Ukuloba]] ipi kwawo kwaletha ipilo ebukhuni tle kanye nokujeziswa okumbi khulu kwamambala emaNdebeleni. Ngeenkhathi lezo ezibudisi, amatshwayo wokuveza imizwa akhiqizwa babantu abatlhagako lokha nabaveza ubuhlungu babo. Amatshwayo la bekasithomo sobukghwari be-Afrika.
Isitjhaba samaNdebele ekuthomeni kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 besihlala eenrantabuleni zotjani. Sathoma ngokusebenzisa izindlu ezinamaboda wedaka, phakathi kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 lokha amatshwayo la nakathoma ukubunjwa eendlini zaso nemabodenaso. Amatshwayo avezwako la gade asetjenziselwa ukulomondisana hlangana neenqhema ezincani zabantu bamaNdebele. Bajamela iragelo phambili labo lokujamela amasiko nobunjalo bobujamo babo. Abalimi bamaBhunu gade bangatlhadlhuleki, kunokuzwisisa lokho bona bebakuthatha njengobukghwari bamasiko obungalimaziko, nje-ke kwavunyelwa bona kuragelwe phambili. Amagwalo la asemabodeni bekenziwa babantu abasikazi, ayimtlolofihlo owaziwa babantu babo bodwa, ingasi nanyana ngubani kodwana amaNdebele kwaphela.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhuliswa kwabantu abaduna, okwaziwa ngokuwela (ukuyama), bekusizathu sokuvuselela, kodwana isiko belingavezwa. Elinye izinga lepilo elingakhange livezwe namkha linqotjhiswe ngamabodabo bekukuvezwa ukuhlanzeka kwabo. Amasiko neenkolelo azange zibe yingcenye yamagwalo wemizi yamaNdebele. Abomma bamaNdebele bavama ukuba bathwali besiko begodu nabathuthukisi abakhulu bobukghwari bamaboda wemakhaya wabo. Isiko nendlela ekhethekileko yokugwala indlu idluliselwa ngumma emalungeni wemindeni, ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya esizukulwaneni sesibili. Ikhaya eligwalwe kuhle liveza umfazi wekhaya njengomfazi kanye nomma wamambala. Utjheja khulu ukugwala iimpundu zemithangala yesango, imithangala yesirhodlo, imithangala yesibuya begodu kanengi utjheja nomthejo wengakwakhe. Into eyodwa tere elitjhuguluko elikarisako soloko kwathoma ukugwala amaboda wezindlu zobukghwari zagadesi kuziindlela zabo ezikhethekileko nezihlukileko kwezabanye.
Ekuthomeni kokugwala izindlu, amatshwayo [[Patterns|nemisikiso]] yazo bekavama ukususelwa emilingakobeni nemikhaleni yawamaNdebele. Imisikiso beyinemibala erasako begodu igwalwe ngemino yabantu abasikazi. Ipende yokuthoma eendlini bekuyipende emhlophe eyenziwa ngomlotha wamatje aphekiweko, i-limestone whitewash. Imibala eyimfakela lokha nakugwalwako bekumibala yemvelo, efakahlangana umbala onzotho, onzima kanye neminye eminengi. Inengi lemisikiso gade linesibumbeko seledere elingu-V begodu noncantathu odwebiwa abe mkhulu ngokwesibumbeko esinombala. Imisikiso, ukukhanya kwemibala yephasi, iinkomba kanye nobukhulu beziqakatheke khulu kwamambala ukudlula imibala yanamhlanjesi ekhanya bha!
== Imibala ==
Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, imibala nebunjo kwaba yinto eqakathekileko emitlanyweni yoke. Emaswapheleni weminyaka we-1968, indlela etja ekhethekileko yabonakala. Lokho okwakukade kuyimvelo ngokugwala ngomuno, muva nje sele kwenziwa iinsetjenziswa ezihlanganiswe neeensibana kwaba ngasuthi ziinkwasana. Amaboda bekasese mhlophe ekuthomeni kodwana imibala yawo yabuya yatjhuguluka khulu. Imisikiso namatshwayo namhlanjesi angabonakala ngombala onzima omanyazelako kanye nombala okhanya bha!. Kunemibala emihlanu eqakathekileko: Obovu kanye nobovu khulu, osarulana ukuya kolidzugu, olijuba, ohlaza tjani begodu kwesinye isikhathi obukhobe. Imibala inikela ihlathululo etjhujileko yamaNdebele. Ingatjho ubujamo nofana amandla wabanikazi bekhaya, ukuthandaza, ukukwakwazelela umtjhado ekhaya nofana ingajamela umtjhagalo wagadesi. Imigwalo iveza ihlathululo engabonakaliko nengasi ngeyamambala. Le kuyindlela eqophileko yokutjengisa ukuzibonakalisa kwabo ebantwini abangaphandle komndeni wabo ohlukileko, ukutjengisa ikghono nokunambitheka kukamma. Umbala omhlophe uhlala usetjenziswa njengesizinda ngombana wenza imisikiso ekhanyako ibonakale khulu.
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[[Isimumathi:Ndebele Architecture.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Igwalo lendlu yamaNdebele laziwa ngokusebenzisa [[:en:Pattern|imisikiso]] yejometri kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemibala ekhanyako.]]
[[Isimumathi:Ndebele-women-loopspruit.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Abomma bamaNdebele bajame ngaphandle kwendlu [[:en:Rondavel|yerantabula]] egwaliweko.]]
'''Ukugwala indlu yamaNdebele''' mhlobo wobukghwari be-Afrika obenziwa [[AmaNdebele|babantu abamaNdebele weSewula]] — enarheni yeSewula Afrika kanye [[:en:Northern_Ndebele_people|nabantu abamaNdebele weTlhagwini]] e-[[:en:Matobo|Matobo]]; e-Zimbabwe<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndebele_house_painting</ref>.
== Umlando ==
Ubukghwari obufunyaneka endaweni yesikopilo yamaNdebele babukhona eminyakeni eyiinkulungwana eyadlulako begodu bufakazelwa bukghwari bamatje obufunyaneka ema-Matopos obuthiywe ngama-Khoi-San. Ngomnyaka wee-2016, iSikhwama se-US Mzenda vikela iSiko, i-AFCP ngokurhunyeziweko sanikela ngesibonelelo sokutlola phasi ubukghwari besikopilo yesiNdebele, bokugwala kanye nebokuhlobisa amarantabula. Lokhu-ke kuza njengokuba kuqakatheke ngakho ukudlulisela amakghono kanye nelwazi ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya kwesesibili. <ref name=":0" />
Ngesikhathi seminyaka emakhulu ali-18, isitjhaba samaNdebele wakwaNdzundza; [[Isewula Afrika|eSewula Afrika]] sakha isiko kanye nendlela yaso ekhethekileko yokugwala izindlu. Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni komnyaka we-1900, amaNdebele atjheja iingorho kanye nabanikazi abakhulu abaphethe indawo. Ngesiruthwana somnyaka we-1883, aya epini namaBhunu abomakhelwana babo. [[Lose|Ukuloba]] ipi kwawo kwaletha ipilo ebukhuni tle kanye nokujeziswa okumbi khulu kwamambala emaNdebeleni. Ngeenkhathi lezo ezibudisi, amatshwayo wokuveza imizwa akhiqizwa babantu abatlhagako lokha nabaveza ubuhlungu babo. Amatshwayo la bekasithomo sobukghwari be-Afrika.
Isitjhaba samaNdebele ekuthomeni kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 besihlala eenrantabuleni zotjani. Sathoma ngokusebenzisa izindlu ezinamaboda wedaka, phakathi kweminyaka emakhulu ali-18 lokha amatshwayo la nakathoma ukubunjwa eendlini zaso nemabodenaso. Amatshwayo avezwako la gade asetjenziselwa ukulomondisana hlangana neenqhema ezincani zabantu bamaNdebele. Bajamela iragelo phambili labo lokujamela amasiko nobunjalo bobujamo babo. Abalimi bamaBhunu gade bangatlhadlhuleki, kunokuzwisisa lokho bona bebakuthatha njengobukghwari bamasiko obungalimaziko, nje-ke kwavunyelwa bona kuragelwe phambili. Amagwalo la asemabodeni bekenziwa babantu abasikazi, ayimtlolofihlo owaziwa babantu babo bodwa, ingasi nanyana ngubani kodwana amaNdebele kwaphela.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhuliswa kwabantu abaduna, okwaziwa ngokuwela (ukuyama), bekusizathu sokuvuselela, kodwana isiko belingavezwa. Elinye izinga lepilo elingakhange livezwe namkha linqotjhiswe ngamabodabo bekukuvezwa ukuhlanzeka kwabo. Amasiko neenkolelo azange zibe yingcenye yamagwalo wemizi yamaNdebele. Abomma bamaNdebele bavama ukuba bathwali besiko begodu nabathuthukisi abakhulu bobukghwari bamaboda wemakhaya wabo. Isiko nendlela ekhethekileko yokugwala indlu idluliselwa ngumma emalungeni wemindeni, ukusuka esizukulwaneni sokuthoma ukuya esizukulwaneni sesibili. Ikhaya eligwalwe kuhle liveza umfazi wekhaya njengomfazi kanye nomma wamambala. Utjheja khulu ukugwala iimpundu zemithangala yesango, imithangala yesirhodlo, imithangala yesibuya begodu kanengi utjheja nomthejo wengakwakhe. Into eyodwa tere elitjhuguluko elikarisako soloko kwathoma ukugwala amaboda wezindlu zobukghwari zagadesi kuziindlela zabo ezikhethekileko nezihlukileko kwezabanye.
Ekuthomeni kokugwala izindlu, amatshwayo [[Patterns|nemisikiso]] yazo bekavama ukususelwa emilingakobeni nemikhaleni yawamaNdebele. Imisikiso beyinemibala erasako begodu igwalwe ngemino yabantu abasikazi. Ipende yokuthoma eendlini bekuyipende emhlophe eyenziwa ngomlotha wamatje aphekiweko, i-limestone whitewash. Imibala eyimfakela lokha nakugwalwako bekumibala yemvelo, efakahlangana umbala onzotho, onzima kanye neminye eminengi. Inengi lemisikiso gade linesibumbeko seledere elingu-V begodu noncantathu odwebiwa abe mkhulu ngokwesibumbeko esinombala. Imisikiso, ukukhanya kwemibala yephasi, iinkomba kanye nobukhulu beziqakatheke khulu kwamambala ukudlula imibala yanamhlanjesi ekhanya bha!
== Imibala ==
Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, imibala nebunjo kwaba yinto eqakathekileko emitlanyweni yoke. Emaswapheleni weminyaka we-1968, indlela etja ekhethekileko yabonakala. Lokho okwakukade kuyimvelo ngokugwala ngomuno, muva nje sele kwenziwa iinsetjenziswa ezihlanganiswe neeensibana kwaba ngasuthi ziinkwasana. Amaboda bekasese mhlophe ekuthomeni kodwana imibala yawo yabuya yatjhuguluka khulu. Imisikiso namatshwayo namhlanjesi angabonakala ngombala onzima omanyazelako kanye nombala okhanya bha!. Kunemibala emihlanu eqakathekileko: Obovu kanye nobovu khulu, osarulana ukuya kolidzugu, olijuba, ohlaza tjani begodu kwesinye isikhathi obukhobe. Imibala inikela ihlathululo etjhujileko yamaNdebele. Ingatjho ubujamo nofana amandla wabanikazi bekhaya, ukuthandaza, ukukwakwazelela umtjhado ekhaya nofana ingajamela umtjhagalo wagadesi. Imigwalo iveza ihlathululo engabonakaliko nengasi ngeyamambala. Le kuyindlela eqophileko yokutjengisa ukuzibonakalisa kwabo ebantwini abangaphandle komndeni wabo ohlukileko, ukutjengisa ikghono nokunambitheka kukamma. Umbala omhlophe uhlala usetjenziswa njengesizinda ngombana wenza imisikiso ekhanyako ibonakale khulu.
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