Wikipedia nsowiki https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letlakala_la_pele MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.16 first-letter Media Special Bolediša Mošomi Boledišana le Mošomi Wikipedia Dipolelo tša Wikipedia Seswantšho Poledišano ya Seswantšho MediaWiki Poledišano ya MediaWiki Template Poledišano ya Template Thušo Poledišano ya Thušo Setensele Poledišano ya Setensele TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2106 55494 48656 2026-08-21T21:17:39Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260821)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 55494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox disease | name = Bolwetši bja baerase ya Ebola | image = 7042 lores-Ebola-Zaire-CDC Photo.jpg | caption = 1976 seswantšho sa baoki ba ba bedi ba eme pele ga [[Mayinga N'Seka|Mayinga N.]], motho yo a nago le bolwetši bja baerase ya Ebola; o hlokofetše ka morago ga matšatši a mmalwa ka lebaka la hemoratše ya ka gare e šoro. | DiseasesDB = 18043 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|98|4|a|90}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|065.8}} | MedlinePlus = 001339 | eMedicineSubj = med | eMedicineTopic = 626 | MeshID = D019142 }} '''Bolwetši bja baerase ya Ebola''' ('''EVD''') goba '''Phišo ya hemoratše ya Ebola''' ('''EHF''') ke bolwetši bja batho bjo bo hlolwago ke [[Baerase ya Ebola]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Dišupo gantši di thoma ka matšatši a mabedi go iša go dibeke tše tharo morago ga go hwetša baerase, ka [[phišo]], mogolo o bohloko, [[bohloko bja mešifa|ya myalgia]], le [[go opšwa ke hlogo kudu]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Gantši [[go feroga dibete]], go hlatša, le [[letšhologo]] di a latela, gammogo le phokotšego ya go šoma ga [[sebete]] le [[dipshi]]o.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Ka se sebaka, batho ba bangwe ba thoma go ba le mathata a go [[tšwa madi]].<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web|title=Ebola virus disease Fact sheet N°103|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=12 April 2014|date=March 2014}}</ref> <!-- Cause and Diagnosis--> Baerase e ka ba e hwetšagala ka kopano ya [[madi]] goba [[diela tša mmel]]e tša phoofolo yeo e fetetšwego (gantši dikgabo goba [[dimmankgagane tša dikenyw]]a).<ref name=WHO2014/> Phetetšo ka phatlalatšo ya moya ga se e begwe go tikologo ya tlhago.<ref name=WHOAir2014>{{cite web|title=2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa|url=http://www.who.int/ith/updates/20140421/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=3 August 2014|date=Apr 21 2014|archive-date=29 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729034008/http://www.who.int/ith/updates/20140421/en/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Dimmankgagane tša dikenywa go dumelwa gore di kgona go swara le go phatlalatša baerase ntle le go fetelwa.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Ge phetetšo mothong e ka direga ga tee, bolwetši bo ka phatlalala magareng ga batho.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Baphologi ba banna ba ka kgona go fetetša bolwetši ka [[peu]] sebaka sa go nyaka go lekana dikgwedi tše pedi.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Go dira phekolo, gantši malwetši a mangwe a go ba le dišupo tša go swana bjalo ka [[malaria]], [[kholera]] le malwetši a mangwe a [[diphišo tša baerase ya hemoratš]]e di a tlogelwa mathomong.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Go tiišetša phekolo dišupo tša madi di dirwa diteko tša baerase ya [[ditwantšhi]], baerase ya [[RNA]], goba baerase ka boyona.<ref name=WHO2014/> <!-- Prevention --> Thibelo e akaretša go fokotša phatlalatšo ya bolwetši go tšwa go dikgabo tšeo di fetetšwego le go tšwa go dikolobe go ya bathong.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Se se ka dirwa ka go lekola diphoofolo tše bjalo bakeng sa phetetšo le polao gape le poloko e botse ya ditopo ge eba bolwetši bo hweditšwe.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Go apea nama gabotse le go apara diaparo tša tšhireletšo ge go swarwa nama go ka thuša,<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> le go apara diaparo tša tšhireletšo le [[go hlapa matsogo]] ge o le kgauswi le motho yo a nago le baerase.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Dišupo tša diela tša mmele le dithišu tša go tšwa go batho bao ba nago le bolwetši di swanetše go swarwa ka tlhokomelo e kgethegilego.<ref name=WHO2014/> <!-- Treatment, Prognosis and Epidemiology--> Ga go na kalafi e itšeng ya bolwetši; maitekelo a go thuša batho bao ba fetetšwego a akaretša mohlomongwe go fa [[terapi ya molomo ya go thuša go se felelwe ke meetse mmeleng]] (meetse a go nwa a go tswakwa ka swikiri e nnyane le letswai) goba [[go tšhela diela ka ditlišamadi]].<ref name=WHO2014/> Bolwetši bjo bo na le palo e kgolo [[ya tekanyo ya mahu]]: gantši ka go bolaya palo ya magareng ga 50% le 90% ya batho bao ba fetetšwego ke baerase.<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name="Elsevier/Academic Press">{{cite book|author1=C.M. Fauquet|title=Virus taxonomy classification and nomenclature of viruses; 8th report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|date=2005|publisher=Elsevier/Academic Press|location=Oxford|isbn=9780080575483|page=648|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=9Wy7Jgy5RWYC&pg=PA648}}</ref> EVD e šupeditšwe la mathomo ka [[Sudan]] le ka [[Temokratiki Repabliki ya Congo]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Bolwetši gantši bo tšwelela ka ditsogo dileteng tša molatšatši tša [[Sub-Saharan Afrika]].<ref name=WHO2014/> Go tloga ka 1976 (ge bo be bo šupetšwa la mathomo) go fihla ka 2013, palo ya batho ba go feta 1,000 ba fetetšwe ngwaga ka ngwaga.<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name=MMWRJune2014>{{cite web|title=Ebola Viral Disease Outbreak — West Africa, 2014|url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6325a4.htm?s_cid=mm6325a4_w|website=CDC|accessdate=26 June 2014|date=June 27, 2014}}</ref> Tsogo e kgolo kudu le go fihla ga bjale ke ya go tšwetšapele ya [[tsogo ya Afrika Bodikela ya 2014]], yeo e amago [[Guinea]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Liberia]] mohlomongwe le [[Nigeria]].<ref name=CDC2014>{{cite web|title=CDC urges all US residents to avoid nonessential travel to Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone because of an unprecedented outbreak of Ebola.|url=http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/ebola-liberia|website=CDC|accessdate=2 August 2014|date=July 31, 2014}}</ref><ref name=CDCAug2014N>{{cite web|title=Outbreak of Ebola in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone|url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/guinea/index.html|website=CDC|accessdate=5 August 2014|date=August 4, 2014}}</ref> Go tloga ka Agostose 2014 makga a go feta a 1600 a šupeditšwe.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ebola virus disease update - West Africa|url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_08_04_ebola/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=6 August 2014|date=Aug 4, 2014|archive-date=23 November 2014|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6UJCrmDvn?url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_08_04_ebola/en/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Maiteko a tšwelapela go tšweletša [[kenti]]; le ge go le bjalo, ga se ešo e be gona.<ref name=WHO2014/> == Ditšhupetšo == {{Reflist|colwidth=25em}} ; Pukutaodišo {{Refbegin}} * {{Cite book |last=Klenk |first=Hans-Dieter |title=Marburg and Ebola Viruses (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology) |url=https://archive.org/details/marburgebolaviru0000unse |date=January 1999 |publisher=Springer-Verlag Telos |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3-540-64729-4 |ref=CITEREFKlenk1999}} * {{Cite book |first1=Hans-Dieter |last1=Klenk |first2=Heinz |last2=Feldmann |title=Ebola and Marburg viruses: molecular and cellular biology |url=http://books.google.com/?id=EV_mFgnyPoMC |format=Limited preview |year=2004 |publisher=Horizon Bioscience |location=Wymondham, Norfolk, UK |isbn=978-0-9545232-3-7 |ref=CITEREFKlenkFeldmann2004 }} * {{Cite book |last=Kuhn |first=Jens H. |title=Filoviruses: A Compendium of 40 Years of Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Studies. Archives of Virology Supplement, vol. 20 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=LaOue0F9Ns4C |format=Limited preview |year=2008 |publisher=SpringerWienNewYork |location=Vienna |isbn=978-3-211-20670-6 |ref=CITEREFKuhn2008 }} * {{Cite book |last1=McCormick |first1=Joseph |last2=Fisher-Hoch |first2=Susan |others=Horvitz, Leslie Alan |title=Level 4: Virus Hunters of the CDC |url=http://books.google.com/?id=QEvR3aJX2m0C |format=Limited preview |origyear=1996 |edition=Updated [3rd] |year=1999 |publisher=Barnes & Noble |isbn=978-0-7607-1208-5 |ref=CITEREFMcCormickFisher-Hoch1999 |month=June }} * {{Cite book |last=Pattyn |first=S. R. |title=Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever |year=1978 |url=http://www.itg.be/ebola/ |format=Full free text |edition=1st |publisher=Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press |location=Amsterdam |isbn=0-444-80060-3 |ref=CITEREFPattyn1978 |access-date=2014-08-29 |archive-date=2010-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211083855/http://www.itg.be/ebola/ |dead-url=yes }} * {{Cite book | last1 = Ryabchikova | first1 = Elena I. | last2 = Price | first2 = Barbara B. | title = Ebola and Marburg Viruses: A View of Infection Using Electron Microscopy | year = 2004 | publisher = Battelle Press | location = Columbus, Ohio | isbn = 978-1-57477-131-2 | ref = CITEREFRyabchikovaPrice2004 }} {{Refend}} == Dikopanyo tša ka ntle == {{Refbegin}} * [http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/207.html ViralZone: Ebola-like viruses] – Virological repository from the [[Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics]] * [http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/ CDC: Ebola hemorrhagic fever] – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Special Pathogens Branch * [http://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/en/ WHO: Ebola haemorrhagic fever] – World Health Organization, Global Alert and Response * [http://www.viprbrc.org/brc/home.do?decorator=filo Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Filoviridae] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140808072117/http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/emdb/searchResults.html/?q=ebola 3D macromolecular structures of the Ebola virus archived in the EM Data Bank (EMDB)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140819171607/https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=202977755949863934429.0004c658eb30f9c4fb1c0&ie=UTF8&t=h&ll=27.371767,5.273438&spn=110.017392,184.21875&z=2&source=embed&dg=feature Google Map of Ebola Outbreaks] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140816223245/http://www.who.int/csr/bioriskreduction/filovirus_infection_control/en/ WHO recommended infection control measures] {{Refend}} 2eh768n96n3o1h2xloxa7dvta7w9zj5 0 4072 55495 55328 2026-08-21T21:17:50Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260821)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 55495 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox disease | Name = Phepompe | Image = Orange ribbon.svg | Caption = Lenti la mmala wa numune—ke [[lenti la temošo]] la malnutrition. | Width = 120 | DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = | ICD9 = 263.9 | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = 000404 | eMedicineSubj = ped | eMedicineTopic = 1360 | MeshID = D044342 }}<!-- Definition and Symptoms -->'''Phepompe''' goba '''go se je dijo tša phepo''' ke maemo ao a bakwago ke go ja dijo tše di se nago [[phepo]] goba tša phepo e ntši kudu tša go baka mathata a maphelo.<ref>{{DorlandsDict|five/000062745|malnutrition}}</ref><ref name=FFL2010>{{cite book|title=Facts for life|date=2010|publisher=United Nations Children's Fund|location=New York|isbn=978-92-806-4466-1|pages=61 and 75|edition=4th ed.|url=http://www.unicef.org/nutrition/files/Facts_for_Life_EN_010810.pdf|access-date=2015-09-19|archive-date=2018-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212170249/https://www.unicef.org/nutrition/files/Facts_for_Life_EN_010810.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Diphepo tše di amegago di ka akaretša: [[dikalori]], [[protine]], [[dikhapohaetrete]], [[divitamine]] goba [[diminerale tša|mathomo tša phepo]].<ref name=FFL2010/> Gape e fela e dirišwa go šupetša '''phepo ya tlase''' moo go se nago dikalori tše dintši, diprotine goba [[diphepo tša dimaekro]]; le ge go le bjalo, gape e akaretša [[phepofetišo]].<ref name=Young2012>{{cite book|last1=Young|first1=E.M.|title=Food and development|date=2012|publisher=Routledge|location=Abingdon, Oxon|isbn=9781135999414|pages=36–38|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=XhwKwNzJVjQC&pg=PA36}}</ref><ref name=Jones2011>{{cite book|title=Essentials of International Health|date=2011|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers|isbn=9781449667719|page=194|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=lt7TqZPZSlIC&pg=PA194}}</ref> Ge phepo ya tlase e ka direga ka [[boimana]] goba pele ga mengwaga ye mebedi e ka baka mathata a go ya go ile a kgodišo ya mmele le monagano.<ref name=FFL2010/> Phepo ya tlase ya go fetelela, ya go tsebagala ka [[tlala]], e ka ba le dišupo tša go akaretša: bokgopana, mmele o mo sese, maemo a go fokola ga enetši, le maoto a go ruruga le [[dimpa]].<ref name=FFL2010/><ref name=Young2012/> Gantši batho ba fela ba hwetša diphetetšo gape kgafetša kgafetša ba tsenwa ke [[phefo ya|hypothermia]].<!-- <ref name=Young2012/> --> Dišupo tša [[ditlhaelo tša diphepo tša dimaekro]] di botagetše go diphepho tša dimaekro tše ditlhaelago.<ref name=Young2012/> <!-- Cause -->Phepo ya tlase gantši e bakwa ke go hloka go ja dijo tša phepo e botse.<ref name=WHO2014/> Se gantši se nyalelana le theko ya godimo ya dijo le [[bohloki]].<ref name=FFL2010/><ref name=WHO2014/> Go se nyantšhe [[letswele]] go ka oketša, bjale ka palo ya [[malwetši a phetelo]] go swana le: [[letšhologo]], [[nyumonia]], [[malaria]] le [[mooko]] tše di oketšago dinyakwa tša phepo.<ref name=WHO2014/> Go na le mehuta ye mebedi ya phepo ya tlase: [[phepompe ya protine-enetši]] le ditlhaelo tša phepho.<ref name=Jones2011/> Phepompe ya protine-enetši e na le mehuta ye mebedi e šoro: [[marasmase]] (tlhokego ya protine le dikalori) le [[kwašiokoro]] (tlhokego ya protine fela).<ref name=Young2012/> Ditlhaelo tša phepo ya maekro tše tlwaelegilego di akaretša: tlhokego ya [[tlhaelo ya madi|madi]], [[tlhaelo ya iodine|iodine]] le [[tlhaelo ya vitamine A|vitamine A]].<ref name=Young2012/> Ka nako ya [[boimana]], ka ge e nyakega kudu, tlhaelo e tlwaelegile.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Konje|first1=editor, Mala Arora ; co-editor, Justin C.|title=Recurrent pregnancy loss|date=2007|publisher=Jaypee Bros. Medical Publishers|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788184480061|edition=2nd ed.}}</ref> Go [[dinaga tše di tšwetšwago pele]] phepofetišo ya mohuta wa go[[nona]] e thoma go tšwelela bjalo ka phepo ya tlase.<ref>{{cite web|title=Progress For Children: A Report Card On Nutrition|url=http://www.unicef.org/nutrition/files/Progress_for_Children_-_No._4.pdf|publisher=UNICEF|access-date=2015-09-19|archive-date=2021-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112154958/https://www.unicef.org/nutrition/files/Progress_for_Children_-_No._4.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mabaka a mangwe a go baka phepompe a akaretša [[anorexia nervosa (go itima dijo)]] le [[puo ya bariatric]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Prentice|first1=editor-in-chief, Benjamin Caballero ; editors, Lindsay Allen, Andrew|title=Encyclopedia of human nutrition|date=2005|publisher=Elsevier/Academic Press|location=Amsterdam|isbn=9780080454283|page=68|edition=2nd ed.|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=DHtERWm0mrcC&pg=RA1-PA68}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Stoelting's anesthesia and co-existing disease|date=2012|publisher=Saunders/Elsevier|location=Philadelphia|isbn=9781455738120|page=324|edition=6th ed.|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=yxTtmJYPUV0C&pg=PA324}}</ref> Go [[batšofe]] phepompe e tlwaelegile ka lebaka la maemo a popego, saekholotši le leago.<ref>{{cite book|last1=editors|first1=Ronnie A. Rosenthal, Michael E. Zenilman, Mark R. Katlic,|title=Principles and practice of geriatric surgery|date=2011|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn=9781441969996|page=78|edition=2nd ed.|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=VcgmpMZE6a8C&pg=PA87}}</ref> <!-- Treatment -->Maiteko a go kaonafatša [[phepo]] ke amangwe a mehuta e kaone ya [[thušo ya tšwelelo]].<ref name=UK2012/> Go nyantšha go ka fokotša palo ya phepompe le mahu a bana,<ref name=FFL2010/> gape maiteko a go tšweletša palo ya godimo ya tlwaetšo.<ref name=Bh2013/> Go bana ba bannyane go fa dijo le tlaleletšo ya go nyantšha magarenga ga dikgwedi tše tshela le mengwaga ye mebedi go kaonafatša dipoelo.<ref name=Bh2013/> Gape go na le bohlatse bjo bo botse bja go thekga [[koketšo ya phepo|koketšo]] ya palo ya diphepo tša dimaekro ka boimana le magareng ga bana mafaseng a go tšwetšwa pele.<ref name=Bh2013/> Go fihliša dijo go batho bao ba di nyakago kudu ka thomelo ya dijo le tšhelete gore ba kgone go reka dijo mebarakeng ya kgauswi go kaone.<ref name=UK2012/><ref>{{cite web|title=World Food Programme, Cash and Vouchers for Food|url=http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/communications/wfp246176.pdf|website=WFP.org|accessdate=5 July 2014|date=April 2012}}</ref> Go fana ka dijo dikolong ga go thuše kudu.<ref name=UK2012/> Taolo ya phepompe e šoro legaeng la motho ka [[dijo tša terapi#Dijo tša Terapi Tše-di beakantšwego-Go ka dirišwa|dijo tša terapi tše-di beakantšwego-Go ka dirišwa]] gantši go a kgonagala.<ref name=Bh2013/> Go batho bao ba nago le phepompe e šoro yeo e bakilwego ke mathata a mangwe a maphelo ka fao kalafo ya bookelo e a eletšwa.<ref name=Bh2013/> Gantši se se akaretša taolo ya [[hypoglycemia|swikiri e tlase mading]], [[hypothermia|themperetšha ya mmele]], [[go felelwa ke meetse mmeleng]], le go ja ga nnyane ga nnyane.<ref name=Bh2013/><ref name=WHO2003>{{cite book|author=Ann Ashworth|title=Guidelines for the inpatient treatment of severely malnourished children|url=https://archive.org/details/guidelinesforinp0000unse|date=2003|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|isbn=9241546093}}</ref> Mokgwa wa ka mehla wa [[di-antibiotiki]] gantši o a eletšwa ka lebaka la kotsi e kgolo ya phetelo.<ref name=WHO2003/> Tekanyo ya lebaka le le telele e akaretša: kaonafatšo ya ditlwaetšo tša temo,<ref name=solcultivateplanet>{{cite journal |author=Jonathan A. Foley, Navin Ramankutty, Kate A. Brauman, Emily S. Cassidy, James S. Gerber, Matt Johnston, Nathaniel D. Mueller, Christine O’Connell, Deepak K. Ray, Paul C. West, Christian Balzer, Elena M. Bennett, Stephen R. Carpenter, Jason Hill1, Chad Monfreda, Stephen Polasky1, Johan Rockström, John Sheehan, Stefan Siebert, David Tilman1, David P. M. Zaks |title=Solutions for a cultivated planet |journal=Nature |volume=478 |issue=7369 |pages=337–342 |date=October 2011|pmid=21993620|url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v478/n7369/full/nature10452.html |doi=10.1038/nature10452}}</ref> go fokotša bohloki,kaonafatšo ya [[tlhwekišo ya sanitasi]], le go [[matlafatša basadi|matlafatšo ya basadi]].<ref name=UK2012/> <!-- Epidemiology, Society and Culture -->Go be go na le dimilione tše 925&nbsp;tša batho ba phepo ya tlase lefaseng ka 2010, koketšo ya dimilione tše 80&nbsp;go tloga ka 1990.<ref name=FAO2010>{{cite web|title=Global hunger declining, but still unacceptably high International hunger targets difficult to reach|url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/012/al390e/al390e00.pdf|website=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|accessdate=1 July 2014|date=September 2010}}</ref><ref name=Fao2008>{{cite book|last1=Food|last2=(FAO)|first2=Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=The state of food insecurity in the world, 2008 : high food prices and food security : threats and opportunities|date=2008|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)|location=Rome|isbn=978-92-5-106049-0|page=2|url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/i0291e/i0291e00.htm|quote=FAO’s most recent estimates put the number of hungry [actually, malnourished] people at 923 million in 2007, an increase of more than 80 million since the 1990–92 base period.}}</ref> Palo enngwe ya dibilione tša batho e akantšwe go hloka divitamine le dimenerale.<ref name=UK2012>{{cite web|title=An update of ‘The Neglected Crisis of Undernutrition: Evidence for Action’|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/67319/undernutrition-finalevidence-oct12.pdf|website=www.gov.uk|publisher=Department for International Development|accessdate=5 July 2014|date=Oct 2012}}</ref> Ka 2010 [[phepo ya protine-enetši]] e be e lekanyeditšwe go ka ba e bakile mahu a 600,000 go tšwa go mahu a 883,000 ka 1990.<ref name=Loz2012/> Thlaelo enngwe ya phepo, yeo e akaretšago [[tlhaelo ya iodine]] le [[tlhaelo ya madi ya anemia]], e bakile mahu a mangwe a 84,000.<ref name=Loz2012>{{cite journal |author=Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, et al. |title=Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 |journal=Lancet |volume=380 |issue=9859 |pages=2095–128 |date=December 2012 |pmid=23245604 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_december-15-2012-january-4-2013_380_9859/page/2095}}</ref> Phepo ya tlase go tloga ka 2010 e bakile 1.4% ya [[mengwaga ka moka ya maphelo a go se itekanele mmeleng]].<ref name=UK2012/><ref name=Murray2012>{{cite journal|last1=Murray|first1=CJ|title=Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_december-15-2012-january-4-2013_380_9859/page/2197|journal=Lancet|date=Dec 15, 2012|volume=380|issue=9859|pages=2197–223|pmid=23245608|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4}}</ref> Tee tharong ya mahu a bana go dumelwa gore a bakilwe ke phepo ya tlase; le ge go le bjalo; mahu a gona ga a hlaloswe bjalo.<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web|title=Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health|url=http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/topics/child/malnutrition/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=4 July 2014}}</ref> Ka 2010 go be go akanyeditšwe palo ya mahu a dimi1ione tše 1.5 tša basadi le bana<ref name=Lim2012>{{cite journal |author=Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, et al. |title=A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 |journal=Lancet |volume=380 |issue=9859 |pages=2224–60 |date=December 2012 |pmid=23245609 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_december-15-2012-january-4-2013_380_9859/page/2224}}</ref> le ge le e le gore batho ba bangwe ba akanya gore palo e ka ba e feta dimilione tše &nbsp;3.<ref name="Bh2013"/> Palo tlaleletšo ya bana ba dimilione tše &nbsp; 165 tša [[kgodišompe]] ka baka la malwetši.<ref name=Bh2013>{{cite journal|last1=Bhutta|first1=ZA|last2=Das|first2=JK|last3=Rizvi|first3=A|last4=Gaffey|first4=MF|last5=Walker|first5=N|last6=Horton|first6=S|last7=Webb|first7=P|last8=Lartey|first8=A|last9=Black|first9=RE|last10=Lancet Nutrition Interventions Review|first10=Group|last11=Maternal and Child Nutrition Study|first11=Group|title=Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost?|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_august-3-9-2013_382_9890/page/452|journal=Lancet|date=Aug 3, 2013|volume=382|issue=9890|pages=452–77|pmid=23746776|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60996-4}}</ref> Phepo ya tlase e tlwalegile go [[dinaga tše di tšwetšwago pele]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Liz Young|title=World Hunger Routledge Introductions to Development|date=2002|isbn=9781134774944|page=20|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=w4CGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA20}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == <references /> ax7vr0okuun3er60n14ddq3joni0ffp 0 4380 55497 55325 2026-08-21T21:19:15Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260821)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 55497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox disease | Name = Malaria | ICD10 = {{ICD10|B|50||b|50}}-{{ICD10|B|54||b|54}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|084}} | Image = Malaria.jpg | Caption = Ke ''Plasmotiamo'' go tšwa mareng a monang wa tshadi moving across a mosquito cell. | DiseasesDB = 7728 | MedlinePlus = 000621 | OMIM = 248310 | eMedicineSubj = med | eMedicineTopic = 1385 | eMedicine_mult = {{eMedicine2|emerg|305}} {{eMedicine2|ped|1357}} | MeshName = Malaria | MeshNumber = C03.752.250.552 }}<!-- Definition and symptoms -->'''Malaria''' ke [[bolwetši bja go tšwa monangeng|bolwetši bja go tšwa go monang bja go fetela]] batho le diphoofolo tše dingwe tše di hlotšwego ke dipharasaete tša diprotozoan (mohuta wa sele e tee maekrookanisime) ya mohuta wa ''[[Plasmotiamo]]''.<ref name="WHO2014" /> Malaria a baka dišupo tše di akaretšago letadi, malaise, go tlhatša le go opa ke hlogo.<!-- <ref name=EBMED2014/> --> Mabakeng a kgatelelo e šoro e ka baka letlalo le serolana, dikotwane, go idibala goba lehu.<ref name=EBMED2014/> Dišupo tše gantši di thoma go bonagala ka morago ga matšatši a lesome goba lesome hlano morago ga go longwa.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Go batho bao ba sa hwetšago kalafo e botse bolwetši bo ka boya gape ka morago ga dikgwedi tše mmalwa.<ref name=WHO2014/> Go batho bao ba sa tšwelago go fola phetelo, phetelo gape gantši e laetša dišupo tše nnyane.<!-- <ref name=EBMED2014/> --> Karolwana ye ya tšhonto e timelela ka morago ga dikgwedi ge eba ga go sa na phihlelelo ya malaria.<ref name=EBMED2014/> <!--Cause and diagnosis-->Ka tlwaelo, bolwetši bo fetetšwa ka go loma ga monang wa tshadi wo o fetetšwego wa ''[[Anopheles]]''.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->Go longwa go go tšweletša dipharasaete tša go tšwa mareng a monang ka gare ga madi.<ref name=WHO2014/> Dipharasaete tše di sepelela sebeteng moo di golago le go tswala gape gona.<!-- <ref name=EBMED2014/> --> Mehuta ye mehlano ya ''Diplasmotiamo'' di ka fetetša le go phatlalatšwa ke batho.<ref name=EBMED2014/> Mahu a mantši a bakwa ke ''[[Plasmotiamo falsiparamo|P.&nbsp;falsiparamo]]'' le ''[[Plasmotiamo vivax|P.&nbsp;vivax]]'', ''[[Plasmotiamo ovale|P.&nbsp;ovale]]'', le ''[[Plasmotiamo malariae|P.&nbsp;malariae]]'' ka kakaretšo di baka mohuta o bonolo wa malaria.<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name=EBMED2014/> Mehuta ya ''P.&nbsp;knowlesi'' ga e bake malwetši gantši bathong.<ref name=WHO2014/> Malaria e hlahlobiwa ka go dira diteko tša maekroskoupu ya madi ka go diriša difilimi tša madi, goba ka diantitšene-tše di theilwego diteko tša mogololelo.<ref name=EBMED2014/> Mekgwa yeo e dirišago phetogelo ya ketane ya polymerase go lekola dipharasaete DNA di tšweleditšwe, eupša ga di dirišwe ka bophara mafelong ao malaria a go tšwelela gona ka lebaka la theko le tharagano.<ref name="Nadjm 2012">{{Cite journal |author=Nadjm B, Behrens RH |title=Malaria: An update for physicians |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_infectious-disease-clinics-of-north-america_2012-06_26_2/page/243 |journal=Infectious Disease Clinics of North America |year=2012 |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=243–59 |pmid=22632637 |doi=10.1016/j.idc.2012.03.010}}</ref> <!--Prevention and treatment-->Kotsi ya bolwetši e ka fokotšwa ka go thibela go longwa ke menang ka go diriša nete ya menangle sekoba dikhunkhwane, goba magato a go laola menang bjalo ka go fothela dopolayakhukhu le go pšheša meetse a emegego a sa elego.<ref name=EBMED2014/> Dikalafi tše mmalwa di a hwetšagala go sethibela malaria go basepedi mafelong ao bolwetši bo tlwaelegilego gona.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->Tose ya sewelo ya kalafi ya [[sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine]] e a eletšwa go masea le ka morago ga dikgwedi tše tharo tša mathomo tša boimana mafelong ao go nago le palo ya godimo ya malaria.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Malebana le tlhokego, ga go kgontšhago ya kenti (vaccine) ye e lego gona, le gee le gore maiteko a go e tšweletša a dirilwe.<ref name=WHO2014/> Kalafi yeo e eletšwago ya kalafo ya malaria ke tswakanyo ya dikalafi tša kgatlhanong le malaria tše di akaretšago [[artemisinin]].<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name=EBMED2014/> Kalafi ya bobedi e ka ba [[mefloquine]], [[lumefantrine]], goba sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine.<ref name=WHO2010>{{cite book|last1=Organization|first1=World Health|title=Guidelines for the treatment of malaria|url=https://archive.org/details/guidelinesfortre0000unse|date=2010|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|isbn=9789241547925|page=ix|edition=2nd ed.}}</ref> [[Quinine]] mmogo le [[doxycycline]] di ka dirišwa ge eba artemisinin ga e hwetšagale.<ref name=WHO2010/> Go a eletšwa gore mafelong ao malaria a tlwaelegilego, go swanetše gore malaria a tiišetšwe pele kalafi e ka thongwe ka lebaka la pelaelo ya palo e kgolo ya kgano ya ditagi tša kalafi.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Kgano e tšweletše go dikalafi tše mmalwa tša kgatlhano le malaria; mohlala, kgano ya [[chloroquine]]- ''P.&nbsp;falsiparamo'' e phatlaletše go mafelo a mantši a malaria, gape kgano ya artemisinin ke bothata dikarolong tše dingwe tša Borwa-bohlabela bja Asia.<ref name=WHO2014/> <!--Epidemiology-->Bolwetši bo phatlaletše ka bophara dileteng tša molatšatši le dilete tša magareng tša melatšatši tše di bapanego ka bophara le ekhweitha.<ref name=EBMED2014>{{cite journal|last=Caraballo|first=Hector|title=Emergency Department Management Of Mosquito-Borne Illness: Malaria, Dengue, And West Nile Virus|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|date=May 2014|volume=16|issue=5|url=http://www.ebmedicine.net/topics.php?paction=showTopic&topic_id=405}}</ref> Go akaretšwa kudu Sub-Saharan Afrika, [[Asia]], le Latin Amerika.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Mokgatlo wa tša Maphelo wa Lefase o akanyetša gore ka 2012, go be go na le makga a malaria a palo ya dimilione tše 207.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Ngwageng woo, bolwetši bo lekanyeditšwe gore bo bolaile batho ba palo ya magareng ga 473,000 le 789,000, bontši bja bona e be e le bana mo Afrika.<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web|title=Malaria Fact sheet N°94|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs094/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=28 August 2014|date=March 2014}}</ref> Malaria gantši e nyalwantšhwa le bohloki gomme a na khuetšo empe ya tšwetšopele ya ekonomi.<ref name="IftSoL">{{Cite report |author=Gollin D, Zimmermann C |title=Malaria: Disease Impacts and Long-Run Income Differences |date=August 2007 |publisher=[[Institute for the Study of Labor]] |url=http://ftp.iza.org/dp2997.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref><ref name="Worrall 2005">{{Cite journal |author=Worrall E, Basu S, Hanson K |title=Is malaria a disease of poverty? A review of the literature |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_tropical-medicine-and-international-health_2005-10_10_10/page/1047 |journal=Tropical Health and Medicine |year=2005 |volume=10 |issue=10 |pages=1047–59 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01476.x |pmid=16185240}} {{open access}}</ref> Mo Afrika go akanyeditšwe go lahlegelwa ke dibilione tše $12 tša di-USD ka ngwaga ka lebaka la theko ya godimo ya tlhokomelo ya tša maphelo, go lahlegelwa ke bokgoni bja go šoma le tiragatšo ya boeti.<ref name="Greenwood 2005">{{Cite journal |author=Greenwood BM, Bojang K, Whitty CJ, Targett GA |title=Malaria |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_april-23-29-2005_365_9469/page/1487 |journal=Lancet |year=2005|volume=365 |issue=9469 |pages=1487–98 |pmid=15850634 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66420-3}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == <references /> tqvzp601qh4gtk0uik7ucv4yxn2igr8 0 5253 55500 51987 2026-08-21T21:21:07Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260821)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 55500 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Seswantšho:Linguistic map of the Italian language.svg|right|thumb|upright=1.5|Setaliana lefaseng ka bophara.]] '''Setaliana''' (''italiano'') ke polelo sa [[Yuropa]]. Setaliana se bolelwa ka [[Italia]], [[Switzerland]], San Marino le Vatican City.<ref>[[#simone2010|Simone 2010]]</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights=230 caption=""> Corsivo- come scriverlo a mano in italiano, schede didattiche con alcuni esempi di Paolo Villa (prima edizione commons wikimedia org)-Letters-characters in italics-cursive- how to write it by hand in Italian.pdf|Rutang ho ngola ka letsoho ka mokhoa o sebetsang sekolong Italy. Idioma%20italiano.png </gallery> == Ditšhupetšo == {{reflist}} * {{cite book|last=Simone |first=Raffaele |year=2010 |title=Enciclopedia dell'italiano |publisher=Treccani |ISBN= |ref=simone2010}} * {{cite book|last=Berloco |first=Fabrizio |year=2018 |title=The Big Book of Italian Verbs: 900 Fully Conjugated Verbs in All Tenses. With IPA Transcription, 2nd Edition |publisher=Lengu |ISBN=9788894034813 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=DYynDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false |ref=berloco2018}} * {{cite book|last=Palermo |first=Massimo |year=2015 |title=Linguistica italiana |url=https://archive.org/details/linguisticaitali0000pale |publisher=Il Mulino |ISBN=9788815258847 |ref=palermo2015}} [[Setensele:Yuropa]] [[Setensele:Dipolelo tša Yuropa]] 46k926lx2k4f8qk6jzx15nph0uft3gv 0 5561 55493 47768 2026-08-21T21:16:52Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260821)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 55493 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Seswantšho:Ethiopian Air aircraft showing Ethiopic script.jpg|right|thumb|The Ethiopic writing system is visible on the side of this Ethiopian Airliner: it reads "Ethiopia's": {{lang|am|የኢትዮጵያ}} ''ye-Ītyōṗṗyā''.]] [[Seswantšho:Amharic Coca Cola bottle.jpg|thumb|Amharic label of a Coca-Cola bottle. The script reads '''ኮካ-ኮላ''' (''koka-kola'').]] '''Seamhare''' ke polelo yeo setlogo sa yona e lego [[Ethiopia]]. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+'''Chart of Amharic fidels<ref> {{cite book | chapter=Ethiopic Writing | title=The World's Writing Systems | url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195079937 | year=1996 | editor1-last=Daniels | editor1-first=Peter T. | editor2-last=Bright | editor2-first=William | publisher=Oxford University Press, Inc | isbn=978-0-19-507993-7 | page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195079937/page/573 573]}}</ref><ref> {{cite web |url=http://keyboards.ethiopic.org/specification/GFF-MnemonicEthiopicKeyboardSpecification.pdf |title=Principles and Specification for Mnemonic Ethiopic Keyboards |accessdate=6 February 2012}}</ref>''' |- valign=top !&nbsp;!!ä<br>[ə]!!u!!i!!a!!e!!ə<br>[ɨ]!!o!!ʷä<br>[ʷə]!!ʷi!!ʷa!!ʷe!!ʷə<br>[ʷɨ] |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|h |{{lang|am|ሀ}}||{{lang|am|ሁ}}||{{lang|am|ሂ}}||{{lang|am|ሃ}}||{{lang|am|ሄ}}||{{lang|am|ህ}}||{{lang|am|ሆ}}|| colspan="6" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|l |{{lang|am|ለ}}||{{lang|am|ሉ}}||{{lang|am|ሊ}}||{{lang|am|ላ}}||{{lang|am|ሌ}}||{{lang|am|ል}}||{{lang|am|ሎ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሏ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|H |{{lang|am|ሐ}}||{{lang|am|ሑ}}||{{lang|am|ሒ}}||{{lang|am|ሓ}}||{{lang|am|ሔ}}||{{lang|am|ሕ}}||{{lang|am|ሖ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሗ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|m |{{lang|am|መ}}||{{lang|am|ሙ}}||{{lang|am|ሚ}}||{{lang|am|ማ}}||{{lang|am|ሜ}}||{{lang|am|ም}}||{{lang|am|ሞ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሟ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|ss |{{lang|am|ሠ}}||{{lang|am|ሡ}}||{{lang|am|ሢ}}||{{lang|am|ሣ}}||{{lang|am|ሤ}}||{{lang|am|ሥ}}||{{lang|am|ሦ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሧ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|r |{{lang|am|ረ}}||{{lang|am|ሩ}}||{{lang|am|ሪ}}||{{lang|am|ራ}}||{{lang|am|ሬ}}||{{lang|am|ር}}||{{lang|am|ሮ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሯ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|s |{{lang|am|ሰ}}||{{lang|am|ሱ}}||{{lang|am|ሲ}}||{{lang|am|ሳ}}||{{lang|am|ሴ}}||{{lang|am|ስ}}||{{lang|am|ሶ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሷ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|ʃ (š) |{{lang|am|ሸ}}||{{lang|am|ሹ}}||{{lang|am|ሺ}}||{{lang|am|ሻ}}||{{lang|am|ሼ}}||{{lang|am|ሽ}}||{{lang|am|ሾ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሿ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|q |{{lang|am|ቀ}}||{{lang|am|ቁ}}||{{lang|am|ቂ}}||{{lang|am|ቃ}}||{{lang|am|ቄ}}||{{lang|am|ቅ}}||{{lang|am|ቆ}}||{{lang|am|ቈ}}||{{lang|am|ቊ}}||{{lang|am|ቋ}}||{{lang|am|ቌ}}||{{lang|am|ቍ}} |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|b |{{lang|am|በ}}||{{lang|am|ቡ}}||{{lang|am|ቢ}}||{{lang|am|ባ}}||{{lang|am|ቤ}}||{{lang|am|ብ}}||{{lang|am|ቦ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ቧ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|v |{{lang|am|ቨ}}||{{lang|am|ቩ}}||{{lang|am|ቪ}}||{{lang|am|ቫ}}||{{lang|am|ቬ}}||{{lang|am|ቭ}}||{{lang|am|ቮ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ቯ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|t |{{lang|am|ተ}}||{{lang|am|ቱ}}||{{lang|am|ቲ}}||{{lang|am|ታ}}||{{lang|am|ቴ}}||{{lang|am|ት}}||{{lang|am|ቶ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ቷ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|tʃ |{{lang|am|ቸ}}||{{lang|am|ቹ}}||{{lang|am|ቺ}}||{{lang|am|ቻ}}||{{lang|am|ቼ}}||{{lang|am|ች}}||{{lang|am|ቾ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ቿ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|ħ |{{lang|am|ኀ}}||{{lang|am|ኁ}}||{{lang|am|ኂ}}||{{lang|am|ኃ}}||{{lang|am|ኄ}}||{{lang|am|ኅ}}||{{lang|am|ኆ}}||{{lang|am|ኈ}}||{{lang|am|ኊ}}||{{lang|am|ኋ}}||{{lang|am|ኌ}}||{{lang|am|ኍ}} |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|n |{{lang|am|ነ}}||{{lang|am|ኑ}}||{{lang|am|ኒ}}||{{lang|am|ና}}||{{lang|am|ኔ}}||{{lang|am|ን}}||{{lang|am|ኖ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ኗ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|ɲ |{{lang|am|ኘ}}||{{lang|am|ኙ}}||{{lang|am|ኚ}}||{{lang|am|ኛ}}||{{lang|am|ኜ}}||{{lang|am|ኝ}}||{{lang|am|ኞ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ኟ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|ʔ |{{lang|am|አ}}||{{lang|am|ኡ}}||{{lang|am|ኢ}}||{{lang|am|ኣ}}||{{lang|am|ኤ}}||{{lang|am|እ}}||{{lang|am|ኦ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ኧ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|k |{{lang|am|ከ}}||{{lang|am|ኩ}}||{{lang|am|ኪ}}||{{lang|am|ካ}}||{{lang|am|ኬ}}||{{lang|am|ክ}}||{{lang|am|ኮ}}||{{lang|am|ኰ}}||{{lang|am|ኲ}}||{{lang|am|ኳ}}||{{lang|am|ኴ}}||{{lang|am|ኵ}} |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|x |{{lang|am|ኸ}}||{{lang|am|ኹ}}||{{lang|am|ኺ}}||{{lang|am|ኻ}}||{{lang|am|ኼ}}||{{lang|am|ኽ}}||{{lang|am|ኾ}}|| colspan="6" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|w |{{lang|am|ወ}}||{{lang|am|ዉ}}||{{lang|am|ዊ}}||{{lang|am|ዋ}}||{{lang|am|ዌ}}||{{lang|am|ው}}||{{lang|am|ዎ}}|| colspan="6" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|ʔ |{{lang|am|ዐ}}||{{lang|am|ዑ}}||{{lang|am|ዒ}}||{{lang|am|ዓ}}||{{lang|am|ዔ}}||{{lang|am|ዕ}}||{{lang|am|ዖ}}|| colspan="6" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|z |{{lang|am|ዘ}}||{{lang|am|ዙ}}||{{lang|am|ዚ}}||{{lang|am|ዛ}}||{{lang|am|ዜ}}||{{lang|am|ዝ}}||{{lang|am|ዞ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ዟ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|ʒ |{{lang|am|ዠ}}||{{lang|am|ዡ}}||{{lang|am|ዢ}}||{{lang|am|ዣ}}||{{lang|am|ዤ}}||{{lang|am|ዥ}}||{{lang|am|ዦ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ዧ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|j |{{lang|am|የ}}||{{lang|am|ዩ}}||{{lang|am|ዪ}}||{{lang|am|ያ}}||{{lang|am|ዬ}}||{{lang|am|ይ}}||{{lang|am|ዮ}}|| colspan="6" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|d |{{lang|am|ደ}}||{{lang|am|ዱ}}||{{lang|am|ዲ}}||{{lang|am|ዳ}}||{{lang|am|ዴ}}||{{lang|am|ድ}}||{{lang|am|ዶ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ዷ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|dʒ |{{lang|am|ጀ}}||{{lang|am|ጁ}}||{{lang|am|ጂ}}||{{lang|am|ጃ}}||{{lang|am|ጄ}}||{{lang|am|ጅ}}||{{lang|am|ጆ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጇ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|g |{{lang|am|ገ}}||{{lang|am|ጉ}}||{{lang|am|ጊ}}||{{lang|am|ጋ}}||{{lang|am|ጌ}}||{{lang|am|ግ}}||{{lang|am|ጎ}}||{{lang|am|ጐ}}||{{lang|am|ጒ}}||{{lang|am|ጓ}}||{{lang|am|ጔ}}||{{lang|am|ጕ}} |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|t' |{{lang|am|ጠ}}||{{lang|am|ጡ}}||{{lang|am|ጢ}}||{{lang|am|ጣ}}||{{lang|am|ጤ}}||{{lang|am|ጥ}}||{{lang|am|ጦ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጧ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|tʃ' |{{lang|am|ጨ}}||{{lang|am|ጩ}}||{{lang|am|ጪ}}||{{lang|am|ጫ}}||{{lang|am|ጬ}}||{{lang|am|ጭ}}||{{lang|am|ጮ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጯ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|p' |{{lang|am|ጰ}}||{{lang|am|ጱ}}||{{lang|am|ጲ}}||{{lang|am|ጳ}}||{{lang|am|ጴ}}||{{lang|am|ጵ}}||{{lang|am|ጶ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጷ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|ts' |{{lang|am|ጸ}}||{{lang|am|ጹ}}||{{lang|am|ጺ}}||{{lang|am|ጻ}}||{{lang|am|ጼ}}||{{lang|am|ጽ}}||{{lang|am|ጾ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጿ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|ts' |{{lang|am|ፀ}}||{{lang|am|ፁ}}||{{lang|am|ፂ}}||{{lang|am|ፃ}}||{{lang|am|ፄ}}||{{lang|am|ፅ}}||{{lang|am|ፆ}}|| colspan="6" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|f |{{lang|am|ፈ}}||{{lang|am|ፉ}}||{{lang|am|ፊ}}||{{lang|am|ፋ}}||{{lang|am|ፌ}}||{{lang|am|ፍ}}||{{lang|am|ፎ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ፏ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- style="font-size:2em" !style="font-size:0.5em"|p |{{lang|am|ፐ}}||{{lang|am|ፑ}}||{{lang|am|ፒ}}||{{lang|am|ፓ}}||{{lang|am|ፔ}}||{{lang|am|ፕ}}||{{lang|am|ፖ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ፗ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp; |- !&nbsp;!!ä<br>[ə]!!u!!i!!a!!e!!ə<br>[ɨ], ∅!!o!!ʷä<br>[ʷə]!!ʷi!!ʷa!!ʷe!!ʷə<br>ʷɨ |} == Ditšhupetšo == {{reflist}} czhm3qrfzgsog8kalqrkmdcqi37wkff 0 11567 55499 50712 2026-08-21T21:20:51Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260821)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 55499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pp-pc1}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}} {{Use South African English|date=October 2012}} {{Infobox Politician |Leina = Julius Malema |Senepe = Julius_Malema_2011-09-14_cropped.jpg |Leona_la_matswalo = Julius Sello Malema |Leona_Thaloko = Juju |Tšatši_tswalo = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1981|03|03}} |Lefelo_la_tswalo = [[Seshego]], [[Transvaal Province]], [[South Africa]] |Meloko = {{Marriage|Mantwa Matlala|2014}} |Baba = 3 sons<ref name="kids" /> |Motswadi = Flora Mahlodi Malema |Mokgahlo = [[African National Congress]] (1990–2012)<br>[[Economic Freedom Fighters]] (2013–present) |office1 = Commander-in-Chief of the [[Economic Freedom Fighters]] |Mathomo_a_kotara = 26 July 2013 |Mafelelo_a_kotara = |predecessor1 = ''Office established'' |office2 = President of the [[African National Congress Youth League|ANC Youth League]] |term_start2 = April 2008 |term_end2 = April 2012 |Motlatša_presitente = Andile Lungisa, Ronald Lamola |predecessor2 = [[Fikile Mbalula]] |successor2 = [[Collen Maine]] |alma_mater = [[University of South Africa]] }} '''Julius Sello Malema''' (born 3 March 1981) Ke leloko la [[Parliament of South Africa|Parliament]] le moetapele wa [[Economic Freedom Fighters]], a [[far-left politics|far-left]] [[South Africa]]n political party, which he founded in July 2013.<ref>{{cite web|author=Milton Nkosi|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-23273309|title=Julius Malema launches Economic Freedom Fighters group|publisher=Bbc.co.uk|date=11 July 2013|accessdate=17 August 2014}}</ref><ref>Stone, Setumo {{cite web|url=http://www.bdlive.co.za/national/politics/2013/07/11/malema-takes-command-of-economic-freedom-fighters|title=Malema takes command of Economic Freedom Fighters|publisher=BDlive|accessdate=17 August 2014|archive-date=12 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143012/http://www.bdlive.co.za/national/politics/2013/07/11/malema-takes-command-of-economic-freedom-fighters|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ebe ele mopresitente wa [[African National Congress Youth League]] go tloga ka 2008 go fihla ka 2012. == Further reading == * {{cite book|last1=Forde |first1=Fiona |title=An inconvenient youth: Julius Malema and the 'new' ANC |url=https://archive.org/details/inconvenientyout0000ford |date=2012 |publisher=Portobello Books |location=London |isbn=9781846274565 |edition=Fully revised and updated}} == External links == {{Wikiquote}} * Malema's Economic Freedom Fighters * Julius Malema: Ready to remove Zuma government by force - interview on Al Jazeera English (video, 25 mins) {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Malema, Julius}} Category:1981 births Category:Living people Category:University of South Africa alumni Category:Northern Sotho people Category:People from Polokwane Local Municipality Category:Economic Freedom Fighters politicians Category:People convicted of hate crimes Category:South African pan-Africanists Category:South African politicians convicted of crimes Category:Anti-white racism in Africa Category:Racism in South Africa f9aouhobygqyw517qx4eob6w5how2h1 0 13605 55496 53993 2026-08-21T21:18:44Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260821)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 55496 wikitext text/x-wiki MOKGWA WA POLELO [[Seswantšho:Languages_cp-02.svg|left|thumb|279x279px|Mehuta ya dipolelo]] '''Go''' hwetša polelo ye ntšhwa, ke kgale go lemogwa bjalo ka [[maitemogelo]] a phetogo, a fa mokgwa wo o tseneletšego wa go inela setsong, kgokagano ya leago le [[katološo]] ya tlhaloganyo le [[tlotlontšu]]. Le ge gole bjalo, tsela ya bokgoni bja polelo gantši e tletše ka ditlhohlo. Pelong ya thuto ya polelo ye e atlegilego go na le karolo ye bohlokwa: mokgwa wa polelo ka boomo le wo o swarelelago. Sehlogo se se hlahloba tema ye bohlokwa ya mokgwa wa polelo go fihlelela thelelo, gomme se hlahloba maano a go godiša go šoma gabotse ga yona.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Swain|first=M|date=1985|title=Communicative competence: Some roles of comprehensible input and comprehensible output in its development|journal=Input in second language acquisition|via=University press}}</ref> Mokgwa wa polelo wo o šupago, go kgatha tema ka [[mafolofolo]],go šomiša polelo le go e kaonafatša bokgoni, le go akaretša mediro ya go swana le go bolela, go ngwala, go theeletša le go bala. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Krashen|first=SD|title=Second language acquisition|date=1981|publisher=Prentice Hall|year=1981|isbn=9780080253381|edition=1|location=Oxford Uk|publication-date=1981|pages=6-15|language=English}}</ref>Se se ka akaretša ditlwaetšo, [[dipoledišano]] goba mekgwa ye mengwe, ya go godiša bokgoni bja polelo.Mokgwa wa polelo o akaretša go tsenela mediro ya go [[fapafapana]] go swana le dipoledišano, ditlwaetšo tša go ngwala, mešomo ya kwešišo ya go theeletša, le go bala dingwalwa go kaonafatša bokgoni bja polele thelelo. [[Bohlokwa bja go tsena sekolo|Bohlokwa]] bja go ithuta thuto ya go swana le mokgwa wa polelo bo letše bokgoning bja yona bja go fa thuto ye e [[rulagantšwego]], mokgwa wo o hlahlago, le ditshwaotshwao tše di agago, mafelelong go godiša bokgoni bja polelo le thelelo. E kgontšha batho ka bomong go hlabolla mabokgoni a poledišano ao a šomago gabotse, go godiša kgolo ya motho ka noši le ya profešenale lefaseng leo le kgokaganego ka go oketšega.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Nation|first=I. S. P.|title=Learning vocabulary in another language|url=https://archive.org/details/learningvocabula0000nati_j3c3|date=2001|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-80092-1|series=The Cambridge applied linguistics series|location=Cambridge ; New York}}</ref> Ge re phetha, go itlwaetša polelo go bohlokwa go [[kaonafatša]] bokgoni bja polelo, go [[akaretša]] mediro ya go swana le go bolela, go ngwala, go [[theeletša]], le go bala. Khoso ye fa sebopego, ditshwaotshwao, le tirišano, e dira gore e be sedirišwa sa bohlokwa sa go ithuta. Ka ge go fiwa mehola ya yona, go akaretša mokgwa wa polelo, e ka ba ka thuto goba go ithutela, go a nyakega bakeng sa go fihlelela thelelo le go boledišana ka mo go atlegilego ka polelo.<ref name=":0" /> == Ditšhupetso == <references /> p90f639056u5pv1ey8i2avbe3uwhkoq 0 13608 55498 53996 2026-08-21T21:19:54Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260821)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 55498 wikitext text/x-wiki histori ya Bapedi '''Polelo''' ya Sepedi e wela ka sehlopheng sa dipolelo tša Basotho (e lego [[Sesotho]], [[Setswana]] le [[Seped]]<nowiki/>i). Tirelo ya Dipalopalo ya [[Afrika Borwa]] e bega gore polelo ye ke polelo ya [[Phrobentshe ya Limpopo,]] yeo peleng e bego e bitšwa Theransefala Leboa gomme yona ya fetošwa leina ka 1994 goba [[Phrobentshe ya Leboa,]] gomme polelo ye e bolelwa ke batho bao ba ka bago seripagare sa badudi ba ka mo phrobentsheng ye. Polelo ye e bolelwa ke baboledi bao ba ka bago ba 2826464 bao ba bopago [[61.20%]] ya setšhaba sa [[Limpopo]] ebile e bolelwa kudu ka [[Phrobentsheng ya Mpumalanga]] le ya [[Gauteng]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Delius|first=Peter|title=The land belongs to us: the Pedi polity, the Boers and the British in the nineteenth-century Transvaal|url=https://archive.org/details/landbelongstousp00deli|date=1984|publisher=Univ. of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-05148-5|series=Perspectives on Southern Africa|location=Berkeley}}</ref> [[Seswantšho:Pedi_Living_Culture_Route,_Limpopo,_South_Africa_(2417712111).jpg|center|thumb|setšo sa mapedi]] Ka Phrobentsheng ya [[Mpumalanga,]] e bolelwa ke baboledi bao ba ka bago ba 372392 bao e lego 8.06% ya setšhaba sa ka phrobentsheng ye, mola ka Phrobentsheng ya [[Gauteng]] e bolelwa ke baboledi bao ba ka bago ba 1282896 bao e lego 27.78% ya setšhaba sa ka phrobentsheng ye (go ya ka Tirelo ya Dipalopalo ya Afrika Borwa, ka 2011).<ref>{{Cite book|title=Our story: the people, clans & events that shaped Southern Africa|date=2014|publisher=Heritage Publishers|isbn=978-0-9922288-3-5|edition=First edition|location=Bedfordview [South Africa]}}</ref>, polelo ye re bolelago ka yona mo e bolelwa ke batho ba go feta ba dimilione tše 4 ba setšhaba sa [[Afrika Borwa]] Ge a tsopola [[tshedimošo]] ya morago ka ga baboledi ba polelo ye e tsinkelwago go ya ka go rea maina, Mokgokong (1966: 9) o dumela gore Bapedi mathomong ba ile ba tloga go setšhaba sa Bakgatla (se sengwe sa setšhaba sa Batswana) seo se bego se le ka fase ga boetapele bja Thobele,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Our story: the people, clans & events that shaped Southern Africa|date=2014|publisher=Heritage Publishers|isbn=978-0-9922288-3-5|edition=First edition|location=Bedfordview [South Africa]}}</ref>gomme ba leba thokong ya bohlabela, gomme mafelelong ba dula lefelong leo le bego le le gareng ga noka ya Lepelle le [[Tubatse]], gomme mo lebakeng le lefelo leo le bitšwa [[Driekop]] ([[Ga-Ratau]]). Go tloga mo lefelong le, ba ile ba diriša leina le la Bapedi, gomme ba kgaogana le moeno wa bona wa mathomong wa kgabo ba amogela moeno wa noko. == Ditšhupetso == <references /> 8blzjd3uw3n4d56b8pleafiupk131jj 0 13630 55501 54033 2026-08-21T21:22:50Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260821)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 55501 wikitext text/x-wiki 25/02/2026 [[Seswantšho:The death.svg|thumb|302x302px|Morongwa wa Lehu]] Nnete ya go hwa' '''Lehu''' ke karolo ya bophelo, phihlelo ya legohle yeo ka moka ga rena re bego re leka go e phuthela [[dihlogo]] tša rena ka mengwaga kgolo ye mentšhi. Eupša ge e le gabotse ke eng seo se hwago, gomme ke ka baka la eng e le taba ye kgolo ga kaakaa? Re [[lebeletšana]] bjang le taba ya gore nako ya rena e lekanyeditšwe, gomme ge e le gabotse tshepedišo ya go hwa e thoma neng? Go hwa ke tshepedišo ya go batamela [[lehu]], moo bokgoni bja rena bja mmele le bja monagano bo thomago go fokotšega. Ke karolo ya tlhago ya bophelo, sehlohlolong sa botšofadi, le mafelelo ao a sa phemegego a go belegwa. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Kübler-Ross|first=Elisabeth|title=On death and dying: what the dying have to teach doctors, nurses, clergy and their own families|date=2009|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-46399-7|location=London}}</ref>Ga se fela [[Tshepedišo ya tšhelete ya ge orola mošomo ye e bitšwago The Two-Pot|tshepedišo]] ya thutaphedi, eupša gape le maitemogelo a maikutlo le a monagano ao a re amago, baratiwa ba rena, le ditšhaba tša rena. Go hwa go re gopotša gore bophelo ke bja bohlokwa e bile bo a fokola, go re [[tutueletša]] go hlahloba gape dilo tšeo di tlago pele le ditswalano tša rena. Go tseba gore nako ya rena e lekanyeditšwe go ka re tutueletša go phela ka tsela ya kgonthe kudu, go tšeela godimo nako le baratiwa ba rena le go phegelela dilo tšeo re di ratago. Tshepetšo ya go hwa le yona e ka ba ya phetogo, ya godiša kgolo le go itemoga. Go lebeletšana le go hwa go akaretša motswako wa thekgo ya mmele, ya maikwelo le ya moya. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Becker|first=Ernest|title=The denial of death|url=https://archive.org/details/denialofdeath00beck_0|date=1973|publisher=Free Press|others=Ralph Ellison Collection (Library of Congress)|isbn=978-0-02-902150-7|location=New York}}</ref>Tlhokomelo ya go [[okobatša]], go laola bohloko le thekgo ya maikwelo go tšwa go baratiwa le ditsebi tša tlhokomelo ya tša maphelo di ka dira phapano e kgolo. Go amogela le go amogela go hwa ga rena le gona go ka tliša go tswalelwa, go re dumelela go tlema mafelelo a lokologilego le go hwetša mohola bophelong. Go hwa go ka thoma ka nako le ge e le efe, go sa šetšwe nywaga goba bophelo bjo bobotse.Ke leeto leo le ka bago la tšhoganetšo goba la [[ganyenyane-ganyenyane]]. Nako ga e tsebje e sa le pele, e gatelela bohlokwa bja go phela nakong ya bjale le go diriša motsotso o mongwe le o mongwe ka mo go holago. Ge re phetha, go hwa ke karolo ya bophelo, e lego therešo ya legohle yeo ka moka ga rena re lebeletšanago le yona. Go e na le go e boifa, re ka kgetha go e kwešiša gomme ra e diriša e le [[Kgopolo e sa lemogegego|kgopotšo]] ya go phela ka botlalo, go rata ka mo go tseneletšego le go leboga bophelo. Ka go amogela go hwa ga rena, re ka fetola ka fao re phelago ka gona le go hwetša tlhalošo nakong yeo re nago le yona.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Yalom|first=Irvin D.|title=Staring at the Sun: Overcoming the Terror of Death|date=2010|publisher=Jossey-Bass|isbn=978-0-470-40181-1|edition=1. Aufl|location=s.l.}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == <references /> [[Setensele:Lehu]] [[Setensele:Bohloko]] 6purxirf1fopahp97maw32i95uihl4y 0 13747 55491 54515 2026-08-21T16:57:45Z Martinvl 1126 Sorting out citations 55491 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Seswantšho:Tarangire-Natpark800600.jpg|thumb|Sehlare sa savanna kua Tarangire National Park kua [[Tanzania]] ka [[Afrika Bohlabela]]]] ''''''Savannah'''''' goba Savanna ke lefelo leo le tswakilwego la sethokgwa sa bjang le tshepedišo ya tikologo yeo e hlaolwago ke mehlare, yeo e arogantšwego ka bophara ka moo go lekanego gore marulelo a se ke a tswalelwa. Sekhurumelo se se bulegilego, se dumelela seetša se se lekanego go fihla fase go thekga legapi la bjang leo le sa senyegago, leo le bopšago kudu ke bjang.Go na le mehuta ye mene ya savanna; sethokgwa , moo mehlare le dihlašana di bopago sekhurumelo se se nnyane; savanna ya mehlare le dihlare tše di phatlaletšego le dihlatšana; savanna tša dihlatšana, le dihlatšana tše di phatlaladitšwego; le savanna ya bjang, moo mehlašana le dihlašana gantšhi di se nago gona. DiSavanna di dula di bulegile go sa šetšwe go pitlagana ga mehlare. Gantšhi go dumelwa gore disavanna di na le mehlare e e aroganego kudu, yeo e phatlaletšego. Le ge go le bjalo, ka dipolaseng tše dintšhi, palo ya mehlarehlare e godimo gomme mehlare arogantšwe ka mehla go feta ka dithokgweng Mehuta ya savanna ya Amerika Borwa ya cerrado sensu stricto le cerrado dense ka tlwaelo e na le palo ya mehlare yeo e swanago, goba ya godimo go feta yeo e hwetšwago ka dithokgweng tša molatšatšing tša Amerika Borwa,<ref name=CRC>{{cite book |first1=Jeanine Maria |last1=Felfili |first2=Maria Cristina |last2=Felfili |first3=Christopher William |last3=Fagg |first4=Alba Valéria |last4=Rezende |first5=Paulo Ernane |last5=Nogueira |first6=Manoel |last6=Cláudio da Silva Júnior |chapter=Phytogeography of Cerrado Sensu Stricto and Land System Zoning in Central Brazil |pages=79–94 |editor-first1=R. Toby |editor-first2=Gwilym P. |editor-first3=James A. |editor-last1=Pennington |editor-last2=Lewis |editor-last3=Ratter |title=Neotropical Savannas and Seasonally Dry Forests |date=2006 |doi=10.1201/9781420004496 |isbn=978-0-429-12425-9 }}</ref><ref name=Scholz>{{cite journal |last1=Scholz |first1=Fabian G. |last2=Bucci |first2=Sandra J. |last3=Goldstein |first3=Guillermo |last4=Meinzer |first4=Frederick C. |last5=Franco |first5=Augusto C. |last6=Salazar |first6=Ana |title=Plant- and stand-level variation in biophysical and physiological traits along tree density gradients in the Cerrado |journal=Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology |date=September 2008 |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=217–232 |doi=10.1590/S1677-04202008000300006 |hdl=11336/103001 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> le savanna ya go tloga go mehlare ya 800 go ya go 3300 ya di hektare le dithokgwa tše di bapilego ke mehlare ya go 800-2000.<ref name=Geiger>{{cite journal |last1=Geiger |first1=Erika L. |last2=Gotsch |first2=Sybil G. |last3=Damasco |first3=Gabriel |last4=Haridasan |first4=M. |last5=Franco |first5=Augusto C. |last6=Hoffmann |first6=William A. |title=Distinct roles of savanna and forest tree species in regeneration under fire suppression in a Brazilian savanna: Forest expansion in a Brazilian savanna |journal=Journal of Vegetation Science |date=April 2011 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=312–321 |doi=10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01252.x }}</ref> Ka mo go swanago, sethokgwa sa Guinea se na le mehlare e 129, ge go bapetšwa le 103 ya sethokgwa se se lego kgauswi le noka,<ref name=Abdullahi>{{cite journal |last1=Jibrin |first1=Abdullahi |title=A Study of Variation in Physiognomic Characteristics of Guinea Savanna Vegetation |journal=Environment and Natural Resources Research |date=18 February 2013 |volume=3 |issue=2 |doi=10.5539/enrr.v3n2p52 |doi-access=free }}</ref> mola dithokgwa tša sclerophyll tša ka Bohlabela bja Australia di na le palo ya mehlare ya mo e ka bago 100 ka hektare, go swana le dithokgwa tše di lego seleteng se swanago.&nbsp;&nbsp; Disavana le tšona di hlaolwa ka go hwetšagala ga meetse ka sehla, ka bontši bja pula yeo e lekanyeditšwego go sehla se tee. Di tswalaganywa le mehuta ye mmalwa ya diphedi, gomme gantši di ka Lefelo la phetogo magareng ga [[Sekgwa|sethokgwa]] le leganata goba naga ya bjang, le ge e le gore gantši ke phetogo magareng le leganata go ya sethokgweng.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2014 |title=Savanna |url=https://askabiologist.asu.edu/explore/savanna |access-date=31 August 2022 |website=[[Ask a Biologist]]}}</ref> Savanna e akaretša mo e ka bago 20% ya bogolo bja naga ya [[lefase]]. Ka go se swane le melala ya Amerika Leboa le melala ye e nago le marega a go tonya, melala e hwetšwa kudu mafelong ao a nago le tlelaemete ya go fiša go ya go ya go e fišago, go swana le Afrika, Australia, Amerika Borwa le India.<ref name="UCMP">{{Cite web |title=The grassland biome |url=https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/grasslands.php |access-date=31 August 2022 |website=[[UCMP]]}}</ref> k6pcz5apk6csuboc0of54230f80ed6t 0 13791 55503 55052 2026-08-22T00:14:51Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 55503 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Seswantšho:James Peace at home in Wiesbaden3.jpg|thumb|456x456px|James Peace ntlong ya gagwe kua Wiesbaden]] '''Kenneth James Peace''' o belegetšwe Paisleyka di 28 tša [[Lewedi]], [[1963]]. Ke mohlami wa mmino wa Scotland, sebapadi sa piano sa dikhonsata le rabokgabo. == Taodišophelo == James Peace o belegetšwe go laPaisley, Scotland, ka di 28 tša Setemere, 1963. O feditše bontši bja bjana bja gagwe go laHelensburgh, e lego lefelo la boikhutšo la lebopong la lewatle ka bodikela bja Scotland.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527164145/http://www.wiesbadener-tagblatt.de/region/wiesbaden/meldungen/10206548.htm Birgitta Lamparth. "Keine ‘stacheligen’ Klänge", Wiesbadener Tagblatt (Kuranta ya Jeremane), 10 Hlakola, 2011]</ref><ref name=":1">Julia Anderton. "Tango wie eine süß-saure Geschichte". Wiesbadener Kurier (Kuranta ya Jeremane), 24 Hlakubele, 2012</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-entrevista-al-compositor-james-peace/ |title=Soledad Carrizo-Araya. "Una entrevista al compositor James Peace". Hoja de Ruta Digital. Disemere 2022 |access-date=2026-03-12 |archive-date=2024-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523121450/https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-entrevista-al-compositor-james-peace/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lapa la gagwe le be le na le borabokgabo ba bantši (mohl.John McGhie), gomme gape o tswalana leFelix Burns, mohlami yo a tumilego wa mmino wa go tantsha seripa-gareng sa pele sa ngwagakgolo^wabo-20.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Sabine Klein. "Meine Musik ist wie ich - sehr romantisch". Frankfurter Rundschau (Kuranta ya Jeremane), 1992, edition 254, nomoro ya letlakala: 2</ref> O rutilwe piano go tloga a na le mengwaga ye seswai gomme tiragatšo ya gagwe ya mathomo ya phatlalatša e diregile a na le mengwaga ye lesomenne, a raloka mmino waScott Joplin.<ref name=":2" /> Gea na le mengwaga e lesometshela, o ile a amogelwa Sekolong sa Bogoši sa Scotland sa Mmino le Terama(gabjale se bitšwa: Royal Conservatoire of Scotland) e le morutwana yo monnyane kudu yo a kilego a ba moithuti wa nako e tletšego.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">G. Müller. "Die Seele des Klaviers tanzt Tango". Kulturspiegel Wetterau (Makasine wa Sejeremane). 17 Hlakubele 2001, nomoro ya letlakala: 5</ref> Ka 1983 o ile a aloga [[Yunibesithi]]<nowiki/>ng ya Glasgowka lengwalo la tikiri ya B.A. ya go ruta piano. Ngwageng o latetšego o ile a hwetša lengwalo la diploma la tiragatšo ya mmino ka morago ga go bapalaMendelssohn Piano Concerto No.1 le sehlopha sa mmino sa RSAMD.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka morago ga go tlogela thuto ya semmušo o be a nyakega kudu bjalo ka sebapadi sa piano gomme o ile a dula Edinburgh 1988-1991.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">"James Peace". ''FRIZZ'' (Makasine wa Sejeremane). Janeware 2001, nomoro ya letlakala: 5</ref> James Peace o dutšeBad Nauheim, [[Jeremane]] go tloga ka 1991-2009.<ref>Manfred Merz. "Virtuose, gefühlsbetonte Welt der Romantik", Wetterauer Zeitung (Kuranta ya Jeremane), 12 Dibatsela, 1992, nomoro ya letlakala: 19</ref><ref>"James Peace". The Tango Times (makasine kua new york). Nomoro ya kgatišo: 2002/2003 (39). Matlakala 1 go ya go 5</ref> Go tloga ka 1998 o ile a dira thuto ya tango, a tšweletša CD ''Tango ya Scotland''ya ditlhamo tša gagwe tša piano tšeo di hlohleleditšwego ke tango, gomme ka 2002 o ile a balelokola go hlomphiwaKholetšheng ya Mminoya Victoria.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":6">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=44NLS_ALMA21615957400004341&context=L&vid=44NLS_VU1&lang=en_US&search_scope=SCOPE1&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,Tango%20escoc%C3%A9s&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Tango escocés'']</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |url=https://pad.philharmoniedeparis.fr/pad/doc/ALOES/0795887/tango-escoces-scottish-tango-k-james-peace-comp-piano |title=Philharmonie de Paris. ''Tango escocés'' |access-date=2026-03-12 |archive-date=2025-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250928140339/https://pad.philharmoniedeparis.fr/pad/doc/ALOES/0795887/tango-escoces-scottish-tango-k-james-peace-comp-piano |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":8">[https://www.muziekweb.nl/Link/KHX3103/Tango-escoc%C3%A9s de bibliotheek. ''Tango escocés''] </ref><ref name=":9">"James Peace". La Cadena (makasine wa Sedutch). Lewedi 2002, letlakala 26</ref> Ka wona ngwaga woo o ile a ya maetong a dikhonsata a nnoši a leboa la Jeremane ka Setemere/Okotobere le go ya Bohlabela bja Kgole ka Nofemere, a nea tiragatšo ya gagwe ya mathomo ya''Tango XVII'' kua Hong Kong.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /><ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20040806204941/http://www.tangotang.com/discus/messages/13/266.html?1034001060 TangoTang]''[https://web.archive.org/web/20040806204941/http://www.tangotang.com/discus/messages/13/266.html?1034001060 , Hong Kong (香港). Lengwalo la ditaba, la 8th Diphalane, 2002]</ref><ref>[https://www.scmp.com/article/393890/james-peace "James Peace". 南華早報 (Kuranta kua Hong Kong). 9 Oktubre 2002]</ref> [[Seswantšho:James Peace - Idylls Op.4b.webm|center|thumb|367x367px|James Peace - Idylls Op.4b]] Mengwageng e latetšego, o be a dira ditiragatšo tša gagwe kudu [[Europa]]. O dirile di-tango tša gagwe metseng-mošate ye e latelago: Amsterdam, Athene,<ref>Poroutšha ya konsarata ''{Για σένα Αγγελική}''. Athene, la 10 Moranang, 2016</ref> Berlin,<ref>Tangodanza (Makasine wa Sejeremane). Numero sa edisyon: 1/2002 - 9</ref> Brussels, [[Helsinki]],<ref>Phoustara ya konsarata (leeto la konsarata la Finland ka 2014)</ref> Lisbon,<ref name=":2" /><ref>Phoustara ya konsarata (leeto la konsarata la Portugal ka 2016)</ref> London, Madrid,<ref name=":2" /><ref>Phoustara ya konsarata (​​leeto la konsarata la Spain: ''¡Feliz Cincuenta Cumpleaños - 2013!'')</ref> Oslo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241208042729/https://listen.no/event/konsert-kl-13-00-james-peace-flygel-tangos-romanticos-musikk-av-peace-piazzolla-albeniz-utstillingssalene-er-stengt Listen.no. James Peace (flygel). Munch Museet. Oslo, 16 Diphalane, 2004]</ref> Reykjavík<ref>[https://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/823608/ Ríkarður Ö. Pálsson. "Skozkir Slaghörputangoár". Morgunblaðið (mantalaan sa Islandya). 14 Diphalane, 2004]</ref> le Vienna.<ref>Poroutšha ya konsarata (Vienna). 23rd Pherekgong, 2005</ref> Ka2008 o ile a ba leloko la go hlomphiwaKholetšheng ya Mminoya Londone le ge go lemogwa ditirelo tša gagwe tša tango.<ref name=":10">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?vid=44NLS_VU1&tab=default_tab&docid=44NLS_ALMA21438757900004341&lang=en_US&context=L&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,K.%20James%20Peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''K. James Peace in Wiesbaden'']</ref><ref name=":11">[https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=idn%3D1022200380 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. ''K. James Peace in Wiesbaden'']</ref><ref name=":12">[https://whittakerlive.blogspot.com/2012/05/new-dvd-interview-with-wiesbaden.html Whittaker Live. "Wiesbadener Highlander K. James Peace - New DVD"]</ref> Ka morago ga nako ye kopana kua Edinburgh o ile a boela Jeremane ka Febereware 2010 go yo dula Wiesbaden.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Se se ile sa lebiša go ditutuetšo tše mpsha tša bohlami gomme o ile a dira difilimi tše kopana tša tše dingwe tša ditlhamo tša gagwe. Filimi ya tokumethari ya ''K. James Peace go la Wiesbaden''e gare ga mešomo ya gagwe mohuteng wo.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /> [[Seswantšho:Tango Milonga op. 26.wav|thumb|Tango Milonga op. 26 no. 3]] [[Seswantšho:Tango XVIII by James Peace (James Peace, piano).wav|thumb|Tango XVIII ka James Peace (James Peace, piano)]] == Meputso le Difoka == ●     Sefoka sa Pele, ''Agnes Millar Prize''. Glasgow, 1983<ref name=":4" /> ●      Sefoka sa Pele, ''Dunbarton EIS Prize''. Glasgow, 1984<ref name=":4" /> ●      Sefoka sa Pele, ''Sibelius Essay Prize''. Galsgow, 1985<ref name=":4" /> ●     Diploma ya tlhompho, ''TIM International Composition Competition''. Roma, 2000<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> ●      Diploma ya tlhompho, ''IBLA Foundation''. [[New York City|New York]], 2002<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> ●     Sefoka sa Segopotšo, ''International Piano Duo Association''. Tokyo, 2002<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |title=International Piano Duo Association (東京), Tokyo. Lenaneo la bafenyi ba meputso, 2002 |access-date=2026-03-12 |archive-date=2020-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527164059/http://www.ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ●     Sefoka sa Gauta, ''Académie International de Lutèce''. Paris, 2008<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> [[Seswantšho:Cover page, Eternal Song Op.32 by James Peace (study score).png|thumb|328x328px|Letlakala la ka ntle, Koša ya ka mo go sa Felego Op.32 ka James Peace ]] == Ditlhamo tše Kgolo == ●     Phororo (The Waterfall)<ref>Hessisches Staatstheater. Poroutšha ya dikhonsata ka la 12 le la 19 Lewedi, 2021</ref> ●     Idylls ●     Kgalalelo ya Mesong (Aubade) ●     Megokgo ye e Homotšego (Lento Lacrimoso) ●     Matlakala a Lebetšwego (Forgotten Leaves) ●     Sonata ya Oboe ●     Ballade ●     Moletlo March no.1(Ceremonial March No.1) [[Seswantšho:Eternal Song Op.32 by James Peace (bars 602 - 606).pdf|thumb|304x304px|Pina ya go ya go ile Op.32 ka James Peace (bars 602 - 606)]] ●      Moletlo March no.2 (Ceremonial March No.2) ●     Gauta ya Seruthwane (Autumn Gold)<ref>"Violine schwebt über das Orchester". Schwäbische Post (Kuranta ya Jeremane). 4 Mosegamanye, 1994</ref> ●     Koša ya go ya go ile (Eternal Song)<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9935400923804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Eternal Song Op.32, Peace, K. James'']</ref> ●     "Bakeng sa Georgia" (Leleme la Segeorgia: საქართველოსთვის) (Bangwadi ba mantšu a mmino: Tamari Chikvaidze, Zurab Chikvaidze le James Peace) ●     Di-tango tše 24<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /><ref>[https://www.britishviolasociety.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Latest-news-from-the-British-Viola-Society.-August-2023-compressed.pdf British Viola Society Newsletter, Phato 2024 ka la] </ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240522135254/https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-corta-historia-del-tango/ Hoja de Ruta Digital, México. "Una corta historia del tango", 22 Hlakubele, 2024]</ref><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9941547953804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Tangos op.33, Peace, K. James'']</ref>   == Dikgokagano tša ka Ntle == ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSX1c8EUukg&list=RDsSX1c8EUukg&start_radio=1 Souvenir de Buenos Aires - youtube]'' ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZcMRNnwNJhk&list=RDZcMRNnwNJhk&start_radio=1 Lento Lacrimoso - youtube]'' ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VKxG2dmQn4&list=RD_VKxG2dmQn4&start_radio=1 Autumn Gold - youtube]'' == Ditšhupetšo == mev6s6bmly2hj8wel7uvk9pcjt6wns1 0 13948 55504 55482 2026-08-22T00:23:53Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 55504 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Mogalakwena''' [[Seswantšho:Noka ya Mogalakwena.png]] Noka ya Mogalakwena ke ye nngwe ya dinoka tše dikgolo tšeo di lego ka Profenseng ya Limpopo, Afrika Borwa. Ke lekala la Noka ya Limpopo gomme ke karolo ye bohlokwa ya tshepedišo ya meetse ya noka ya Limpopo. Noka ye e elela ka dikarolong tša ka leboa la Limpopo pele e kopana le Noka ya Limpopo kgauswi le mollwane wa Afrika Borwa le Botswana.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Limpopo Water Management Area |url=https://www.dws.gov.za/ |publisher=Department of Water and Sanitation |access-date=2026-08-07 |archive-date=2026-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260617123727/https://www.dws.gov.za/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> '''Leina''' Leina Mogalakwena le tšwa go polelo ya Setswana. Lentšu Mogale le ra gore motho yo maatla goba yo bogale, mola kwena e le leina la phoofolo ya meetseng yeo e bitšwago kwena. Ka fao, leina Mogalakwena le ka hlalošwa e le “kwena ye bogale” goba “kwena ya maatla.”<ref><nowiki>https://www.dws.gov.za/</nowiki> </ref> '''Tsela ya go elela ga yona''' Noka ya Mogalakwena e thoma tikologong ya Waterberg kua Limpopo. Karolo ya yona ya mathomo e tsebja bjalo ka Noka ya Nyl, yeo e elelago ka lefelong la meetse a mantši la Nyl pele e fetoga Noka ya Mogalakwena.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Nylsvley Nature Reserve |url=https://www.sanbi.org/ |publisher=South African National Biodiversity Institute |access-date=2026-08-07 |archive-date=2026-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301110434/https://www.sanbi.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Go tloga moo, noka e tšwela pele go elela ka leboa la Profense ya Limpopo gomme mafelelong e kopana le Noka ya Limpopo kgauswi le mollwane wa Afrika Borwa le Botswana.<ref name=":0" /> Sebaka sa noka ya Mogalakwena se akaretša lefelo la go lekana le dikilometara tše dikwere tše ka bago 19 000 km², gomme ke ye nngwe ya ditshepedišo tše bohlokwa tša meetse ka gare ga Lefelo la Taolo ya Meetse la Limpopo.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Ramsar Sites Information Service: Nylsvley Nature Reserve |url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/}}</ref> '''Makala a noka''' Dinoka tše mmalwa le melapo ya meetse di tšhela meetse a tšona ka Nokeng ya Mogalakwena. Tše dingwe tša tšona ke:<ref name=":0" /> Noka ya Nyl Noka ya Sterk Noka ya Dorps Noka ya Mothlakole Noka ya Matlalane Noka ya Seepabana Noka ya Klein Mogalakwena Noka ya Pholotsi '''Matamo''' Go na le matamo a mmalwa ao a lego ka gare ga tshepedišo ya noka ya Mogalakwena. Matamo a bohlokwa a akaretša:<ref name=":1" /> Letamo la Glen Alpine Letamo la Doorndraai Letamo la Combrink Letamo la Donkerpoort Matamo a thuša ka kabo ya meetse, temo le taolo ya methopo ya meetse tikologong ye.<ref name=":0" /> '''Tikologo le diphoofolo tša naga''' Noka ya Mogalakwena e thekga mehuta ye mentši ya diphedi le tikologo ya tlhago. Lefelo la meetse a mantši la Nyl, leo e lego karolo ya karolo ya godimo ya noka, le tsebja ka bohlokwa bja lona bja go šireletša dinonyana tše dintši tša meetse.<ref name=":1" /> Noka ye gape e na le bohlokwa go diphoofolo tša naga, go akaretša le dikubu tšeo di hwetšwago dikarolong tša tshepedišo ya Noka ya Limpopo.<ref name=":0" /> '''Bohlokwa bja setšo le histori''' Noka ya Mogalakwena e na le bohlokwa bja setšo go ditšhaba tšeo di dulago tikologong ya yona. Lefelo la Mogalakwena e bile legae la ditšhaba tša Afrika tše di fapanego, go akaretša le Bapedi le ditšhaba tše dingwe tšeo di bego di ithekgile ka naga le methopo ya meetse bakeng sa bophelo bja tšona.<ref name=":2" /> '''Ditlhohlo tša meetse''' Noka ya Mogalakwena e lebeletšana le diphetogo tša palo ya meetse ka lebaka la maemo a boso bja go oma ao a hwetšwago Limpopo. Nakong ya komelelo, dikarolo tše dingwe tša noka di ka ba le meetse a mannyane, e lego seo se ka amago batho, temo le diruiwa tšeo di ithekgilego ka noka ye.<ref name=":0" /> Bona gape Noka ya Limpopo Lefelo la Taolo ya Meetse la Limpopo Noka ya Nyl Mmasepala wa Selete wa Mogalakwena Lenaneo la dinoka tša Afrika Borwa <ref>Department of Water and Sanitation. "Limpopo Water Management Area." https://web.archive.org/web/20260617123727/https://www.dws.gov.za/</ref> <ref>South African National Biodiversity Institute. "Nylsvley Nature Reserve."</ref> <ref>Ramsar Sites Information Service. "Nylsvley Nature Reserve."</ref> 1uunlh6j86tto60lpd2y0ynwtbhml1h 0 13956 55502 55468 2026-08-22T00:09:54Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 55502 wikitext text/x-wiki = '''Bohlokwa bja go Nwa Meetse''' = === Kakaretšo === [[Seswantšho:Two Coracles and Tungabhadra River.jpg|thumb|416x416px|Meetse a noka]] '''[[Meetse]]''' ke motheo wa bophelo bja motho le go phela ga gagwe. A hlokomela tšebetšo ya disele, a laola phišo ya mmele, a thuša ka go šila dijo, le go kgonthišetša gore ditšhila di a ntšhwa. Le ge e le bohlokwa kudu, batho ba dikete tše dintši lefaseng ka bophara ba hloka phihlelelo ya meetse a go nwa ao a hlwekilego, ka gona go ikhwetša meetse ga se fela taba ya maphelo a motho ka noši, eupša ke taba ya maphelo a setšhaba le ditokelo tša botho. Sengwalwa se hlahloba bohlokwa bja meetse mmeleng, mehola ya bophelo bjo bobotse, dikotsi tša go felelelwa ke meetse, diphephetšo tša phihlelelo lefaseng ka bophara, ditaba tša go swarelela, le ditsela tša ka moso tša go netefatša gore bohle ba na le phihlelelo.<ref>Popkin, B.M., D'Anci, K.E, & Rosenberg, I.H. (2010). Water, hydration, and health.https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2908954/</ref> ==== Tshebiso ==== Meetse ke dijo tše bohlokwa kudu go bophelo bja motho. Go fapana le dijo, motho a ka phela dibeke a sa ja, fela a ka se kgone go feta matšatši a sa nwe meetse. Go lekanyeditšwe gore mmele wa motho o na le meetse a ka go 60%, se laetšago gore meetse a bohlokwa kudu mekgweng ya mmele. Go tloga go go boloka madi gore a sepele, go fihla go thuša monagano, meetse a hlokega. Le ge go le bjalo, batho ba bantši ga ba nwe meetse a lekanego letšatši le letšatši, gomme ba bangwe ba thibelwa ke maemo a go hloka phihlelelo ya meetse a hlwekilego. Taba ye ya go hloka meetse ka noši le go hloka meetse lefaseng ka bophara e laetša gore re swanetše go kwešiša seabo sa meetse maphelong le setšhabeng. Bohlokwa bja meetse bo feta fela bophelo bja motho ka noši. Ke motheo wa maphelo a setšhaba, tlhabollo ya ekonomi, le go swarelela ga tikologo. Ditšhaba tšeo di nago le phihlelelo ya meetse a hlwekilego di na le malwetši a fase, di šoma gabotse, le go kgona go lwantšha diphetogo tša boso. Ka go fapana le moo, go hloka ga meetse le go a tšhilafala go oketša bohloki, go se lekane, le go se šikege. Ka gona, go nwa meetse ga se fela tlhoko ya mmele, eupša ke selo se laolago boiketlo bja setšhaba le ekonomi.<ref>https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11402272/</ref> ==== Seabo sa Meetse Mmeleneng ==== Tšebetšo ya Disele: Meetse ke legora leo go lona karabelo ye nngwe le ye nngwe ya mmeleng e diregago. Maemong a disele, meetse a boloka tekano ya go ananya, a dumelela dijo le diminerale go sepela ka go lokologa ka gare ga lera la sele. A thuša ditšhomišo tša dienzyme, a tshepetša go išwa ga sukiri le di-amino acid, gomme a bohlokwa kudu go tšweletšong ya ATP — matla a sele. Ge motho a hloka meetse, disele di palelwa ke go itšhireletša, gomme go dira gore tšebetšo ya mmele e fokole<ref>https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</ref>. Go Laola Phišo ya Mmele: Meetse a na le seabo se segolo go go laola phišo ya mmele. Ka go fufulelwa le go hema, mmele o ntšha phišo gore o se be le phišo e feteletšego ge o šoma ka thata goba o le leetong le le fišago. Mafelong ao go fišago, se bohlokwa kudu go phološa bophelo. Ge motho a felelelwa ke meetse, mmele o palelwa ke go laola phišo, go dira gore go be le kotsi ya go swaba ke phišo. Babapadi le bašomi ba ka ntle ba kotsing kudu, ka gona go bohlokwa go nwa meetse pele o nyorwa<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mdpi.com/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-08-10 |archive-date=2026-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260811120214/https://www.mdpi.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Tšebetšo ya Monagano: Go nwa meetse go bohlokwa kudu go boko. Le ge motho a hloka meetse ka go se nene esita le 1–2% ya boima bja mmele gona monagano wa nako ye kopana, go tsepama, le maikutlo di ka senyege. Dinyakišišo di laeditše gore batho ba nago le meetse a lekanego ba dira gabotse mošomong wa monagano, ba na le go nagana ka pela le go tsepama. Go hloka meetse ga nako ye telele go amana le go opelwa ke hlogo, go tšhošetšega, le go fokola mošomong. ==== Mehola ya Bophelo ya Go Nwa Meetse ==== Maphelo a Dipshio: Go nwa meetse a lekanego go bohlokwa kudu go dipšho. Dipšho di hlwekiša madi le go ntšha ditšhila ka moroto, gomme se se nyaka meetse a lekanego. Ge meetse a le mmalwa, moroto o ba o teteaneng, gomme se se oketša kotsi ya maswika a dipšho le ditšhifo tša moroto. Go hloka meetse ga nako ye telele go amana le bolwetši bja dipšho, kudukudu go batho ba šomago ka phišong. Go nwa meetse ka mehla ke tsela ye bonolo le ye e šomago ya go thibela malwetši a dipšho<ref>https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</ref>. Go Šila dijo: Meetse a na le seabo se segolo go go šila dijo. A thuša go roba dijo, a qhibidiša dijo, gomme a thuša go di monywa ka mading. Meetse a thibela go pipitlelwa ka go nolofatša mantle le go thuša go a ntšha gabonolo. Ge motho a sa nwe meetse, a ka ba le bothata bja mala, go itlhohlela, le go se ye ntloaneng gabotse. Dinyakišišo di laetša gore batho ba nago le meetse a lekanego ba na le mathata a mmalwa a ka mpeng<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mdpi.com/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-08-10 |archive-date=2026-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260811120214/https://www.mdpi.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Maphelo a Pelo le Dithapo tša Madi: Pelo le dithapo tša madi di nyaka meetse go boloka palo ya madi le go a sepediša. Ge motho a felelelwa ke meetse, madi a fokola, gomme pelo e swanela go šoma ka thata go pompa madi. Se se ka baka go theo ga kgateletšego ya madi, go tšhologa, le maemong a mabe go fihla lefelong la go wa. Meetse a thuša gape go laola kgateletšego ya madi le maphelo a dithapo. Dinyakišišo di bontšha gore go nwa meetse go ka fokotša kotsi ya kgateletšego ya madi ye e phagamego. Maphelo a Letlalo: Letlalo ke leloko le legolo kudu mmeleng, gomme maphelo a lona a amana kudu le meetse. Meetse a oketša go ruruga ga letlalo, a fokotša go oma, gomme a thuša go šireletša letlalo kgahlanong le tšhilafalo. Le ge batho ba šomiša ditlotšo, go nwa meetse go bohlokwa kudu go boloka letlalo le lebotse le le lešwa. Dinyakišišo di laeditše gore batho ba ba nago le meetse a mantši ba na le letlalo le phetšego gabotse<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mdpi.com/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-08-10 |archive-date=2026-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260811120214/https://www.mdpi.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Tšebetšo ya Mmele ka Go Šoma: Meetse ke selo sa bohlokwa go tšebetšo ya mmele. Baatlelete ba sa fetolego meetse ao ba a fufulelago ba itemogela go fokola ga go kgotlelela, maatla a a fokologo, le go fola ka go nanya. Le ge motho a hloka meetse ka go se nene, a ka itemogela go fokola ga maatla le go lapala ka pela. Ka gona go bohlokwa go nwa meetse pele, nakong, le ka morago ga go itšhidulla<ref>https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</ref>. Tekanyo ye e Hlokegago ya Letšatši le Letšatši: Institute of Medicine e eletsa gore basadi ba nwe 2.0–2.7 dilitara ka letšatši, gomme banna 2.5–3.7 dilitara. Bana ba nyaka ka go se nene, fela ge ba šoma kudu ba nyaka kudu. Baatlelete le batho ba ba dulago mafelong a fišago ba nyaka kudu. Dikotsi tša go Felelelwa ke Meetse: Go felelelwa ke meetse go ka ba ga nako ye kopana goba ga nako ye telele. Go felelelwa ka go se nene go baka go opelwa ke hlogo le go lapala, gomme go felelelwa kudu go ka baka go palelwa ke mešomo ya mmele goba lehu. Go hloka meetse ga nako ye telele go oketša kotsi ya maswika a dipšho, bolwetši bja sukiri ya mohuta wa 2, le ditšhifo tša moroto. ==== Phihlelelo ya Lefaseng ka Bophara le Maphelo a Setšhaba<ref name=":0">South African Water Research Commission- Water Scarcity in Limpopo Province https://wrc.org.za</ref> ==== Phihlelelo ya meetse a hlwekilego ga se ya gohle. Go ya ka WHO, batho ba fetago dimilione tše 2200 lefaseng ka bophara ga ba na le ditirelo tša meetse a hlwekilego. Go hloka se go baka mahu a mantši ka lebaka la malwetši a letšholo, kudukudu go bana ba ka fase ga mengwaga ye 5. Mathata a a bonala kudu mafelong a bašwahli, moo go hlokego didirišwa le moo diphetogo tša boso di dirago gore meetse a fele. Go hloka meetse go bakwa ke go oketšega ga batho, go ya ditoropong, tšhilafalo, le diphetogo tša boso. Mafelo a mangwe meetse a ka fase ga lefase a fela ka lebelo, gomme meetse a ka godimo a tšhilafala ka lebaka la temo le mešomo ya mešongwana. Se se nyaka maano a go laola meetse ka bohlale. UN e lemogile ka 2010 gore meetse ke tokelo ya botho — motho o swanetše go ba le meetse a lekanego, a hlwekilego, a fihlelelwago, le ao a ka kgonwego. Mohlala go tšwa ‘Limpopo, Afrika Borwa’: malapa a mantši a mebareng a šomiša didiba goba dinoka tšeo di ka tšhilafalago gabonolo goba tša oma ka dinako tše dingwe. Go hloka dipompo le diphaephe go dira gore phihlelelo e se ke ya tshepega. Se se baka malwetši, bohloki, le go se lekane. Go rarolla se go nyaka tšhelete ya didirišwa, thuto, le go laola meetse ka bohlale.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Meetse le go Swarelela ==== Meetse a amana kudu le go swarelela. Go ba le meetse go thuša go fokotša bohloki, go fepa batho, le go lwantšha diphetogo tša boso. Ditšhaba tšeo di nago le meetse di ka lema, di ka godiša diruiwa, le go aga ekonomi, eupša ge meetse a le gona go ba bothata. Diphetogo tša boso di dira gore pula e se ne, dikomelo di oketšege, le dikgorogomo di be gona. Se se senya meetse le boleng bja ona. Maano a bjalo ka go bokella meetse a pula, go hlwekiša meetse a ditšhila, le go nosetša ka bohlale a ka thuša. Theknolotši e ka thuša gape — bjalo ka go tšea letswai ka meetse a lewatle, go hlwekiša ka ditsela tša masea, le go šomiša dikhomputara go laola meetse.<ref>FAO- Water for Sustainable Food and Agriculture https://fao.org</ref> ==== Ditsela tša ka Moso ==== Ka moso phihlelelo ya meetse e tla ithekga ka theknolotši, melawana, le go tsenela ga setšhaba. Theknolotši ye mpsha bjalo ka go šomiša maatla a letšatši go tšea letswai, le go lekola meetse ka AI e ka thuša. Fela e swanetše go ba ye e ka kgonwego ke bohle. Dipušo di swanetše go beeletša ka diphaephe le didiba, le go thibela tšhilafalo. Dinaga di swanetše go šoma mmogo ka gobane dinoka tše dingwe di feta dinageng tše dintši. Le gona, setšhaba se swanetše go ruta batho ka go šomiša meetse ka bohlale, le go laola didiba tša sona. Ge setšhaba se na le maatla, se tla kgona go itšhireletša.<ref>International Water Association - Innovation in Water Technology<nowiki/>https://iwa-network.org</ref><ref>World Bank - Water Global Practice<nowiki/>https://worldbank.org</ref><ref>UNESCP - The United Nations World Development Report<nowiki/>https://unesco.org</ref> ==== Mafetšo ==== Go nwa meetse ga se fela go tima lenyora ke go boloka bophelo, go šireletša maphelo, le go netefatša toka lefaseng. Meetse a thuša monagano, pelo, dipšho, le maatla a mmele, eupša go hloka meetse go sa dutše go le bothata bjo bogolo. Re swanetše go lemoga gore meetse ke tlhoko ya mmele le tokelo ya botho gore re age setšhaba se se phetšego.<ref>https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2908954/</ref> <ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-020-02226-x</ref> == '''Ditšhupetšo''' == <references /> bica6p60ziev1une1bhxednx1mojvke 0 13993 55486 2026-08-21T12:07:07Z Motshekga00 8353 Tlhodile letlakala ka 'Tlhalošo Tlhalošo ke tshepedišo ya go fetolela molaetša wo o bolelwago go tšwa polelong e nngwe go ya polelong ye nngwe ka nako ya ge polelo e tšweletšwa. Motho yo a dirago mošomo wo o bitšwa ‘‘mohlatholli’’ goba ‘‘mofetoledi wa polelo ya go bolelwa’’. Mošomo wa tlhalošo o thuša batho bao ba bolelago maleme a go fapana gore ba kgone go kwešišana le go boledišana ka katlego. Tlhalošo e fapana le phetolelo ka gobane phetolelo gantši e...' 55486 wikitext text/x-wiki Tlhalošo Tlhalošo ke tshepedišo ya go fetolela molaetša wo o bolelwago go tšwa polelong e nngwe go ya polelong ye nngwe ka nako ya ge polelo e tšweletšwa. Motho yo a dirago mošomo wo o bitšwa ‘‘mohlatholli’’ goba ‘‘mofetoledi wa polelo ya go bolelwa’’. Mošomo wa tlhalošo o thuša batho bao ba bolelago maleme a go fapana gore ba kgone go kwešišana le go boledišana ka katlego. Tlhalošo e fapana le phetolelo ka gobane phetolelo gantši e šoma ka sengwalwa se se ngwadilwego, mola tlhalošo e šoma kudu ka polelo ye e bolelwago. == Mehuta ya tlhalošo == === Tlhalošo ya ka go latelana === Tlhalošo ya ka go latelana ke mokgwa woo mmoleledi a bolelago mola mohlatholli a theetša le go tšea dintlha. Ge mmoleledi a fetša karolo ya polelo, mohlatholli o tšweletša molaetša woo ka polelo ya moamogedi. Mokgwa wo o dirišwa gantši dikopanong, dipuisanong, dipoledišanong tša semmušo le ditiragalong tše dingwe. (Translation & Interpretation Hub) === Tlhalošo ya ka nako e tee === Tlhalošo ya ka nako e tee ke mokgwa woo mohlatholli a fetolelago molaetša ka polelo ye nngwe ka nako yeo mmoleledi a sa tšwelago pele go bolela. Mohlatholli o swanetše go theeletša, go kwešiša, go sekaseka le go tšweletša molaetša ka nako e tee. Mokgwa wo o dirišwa kudu dikopanong tša ditšhabatšhaba le dikopanong tše dikgolo moo go dirišwago didirišwa tša tlhalošo. (European Commission) === Tlhalošo ya sephiri === Tlhalošo ya sephiri ke mokgwa wa tlhalošo ya ka nako e tee moo mohlatholli a bolelago ka lentšu la fase kgauswi le motho goba batho bao ba hlokago thušo ya polelo. Mokgwa wo o ka dirišwa ge go se na tlhoko ya go hloma lephephe la tlhalošo. (European Parliament) == Bokgoni bja mohlatholli == Mohlatholli o swanetše go ba le bokgoni bja go theeletša ka kelohloko, go kwešiša molaetša, go sekaseka tshedimošo le go e tšweletša ka polelo ye e kwagalago. Tlhalošo ya ka go latelana gape e nyaka bokgoni bja go tšea dintlha le go gopola dintlha tše bohlokwa tša polelo. (Translation & Interpretation Hub) Go tseba maleme a mabedi goba go feta ga se gwa lekana go dira mohlatholli yo botse. Mohlatholli o swanetše go tseba polelo, setšo le mareo ao a dirišwago lefapheng leo a hlathollago go lona. Bokgoni bja go boledišana gabotse le go tšweletša molaetša ka nepo le bjona bo bohlokwa. == Bohlokwa bja tlhalošo == Tlhalošo e bohlokwa mo ditšhabeng tšeo di nago le maleme a mantši ka gobane e thuša batho go boledišana le ge ba sa bolele polelo e tee. E dirišwa mafapheng a go swana le thuto, tša maphelo, dikgotla, dikgoro tša mmušo, kgwebo, ditherišano le dikopano tša ditšhabatšhaba. Mekgatlo ya ditšhabatšhaba e diriša bahlatholli go kgonthišetša gore batšwasehlabelo bao ba bolelago maleme a go fapana ba kgona go kwešiša dipoledišano. (United Nations) Diphetogo le phetolelo Le ge tlhalošo le phetolelo di na le kgokagano, di fapana ka mokgwa wo molaetša o tšweletšwago ka wona. Phetolelo e šoma kudu ka sengwalwa se se ngwadilwego, mola tlhalošo e šoma ka polelo ye e bolelwago. Ka bobedi di nyaka kwešišo ya maleme, mareo le setšo gore molaetša o kgone go fihliša seo se bego se rerilwe ke mmoleledi goba mongwadi. (European Commission) == Methopo == * European Commission. ‘‘Conference interpreting – types and terminology’’. Knowledge Centre on Translation and Interpretation. (European Commission) * European Commission. ‘‘Consecutive interpreting’’. Knowledge Centre on Translation and Interpretation. (Translation & Interpretation Hub) * European Parliament. ‘‘Interpreting in the European Parliament’’. (European Parliament) * United Nations. ‘‘Translation’’. Department for General Assembly and Conference Management. (United Nations) bzaijtqxclvoydqd7hktlutuww933j1 1 13994 55487 2026-08-21T12:21:01Z Motshekga00 8353 Tlhodile letlakala ka 'Mamokgadi Village Mamokgadi ke motsana wa magaeng wo o lego profenseng ya Limpopo, Afrika Borwa. O hwetšagala ka gare ga Mmasepala wa Selegae wa Greater Letaba, wo e lego karolo ya Mopani District Municipality. Mamokgadi e hwetšagala tikologong ya Bolobedu. Go ya ka Statistics South Africa, Mamokgadi e be e na le badudi ba 1 187 le malapa a 330 ka Census ya 2011. (Statistics South Africa) Thutafase Mamokgadi e hwetšagala ka gare ga Mmasepala wa Selegae wa Great...' 55487 wikitext text/x-wiki Mamokgadi Village Mamokgadi ke motsana wa magaeng wo o lego profenseng ya Limpopo, Afrika Borwa. O hwetšagala ka gare ga Mmasepala wa Selegae wa Greater Letaba, wo e lego karolo ya Mopani District Municipality. Mamokgadi e hwetšagala tikologong ya Bolobedu. Go ya ka Statistics South Africa, Mamokgadi e be e na le badudi ba 1 187 le malapa a 330 ka Census ya 2011. (Statistics South Africa) Thutafase Mamokgadi e hwetšagala ka gare ga Mmasepala wa Selegae wa Greater Letaba profenseng ya Limpopo. Statistics South Africa e bea lefelo la Mamokgadi mo dikopanong tša lefase tšeo di lego kgauswi le 23.4282° borwa le 30.4483° bohlabela. (Statistics South Africa) Mamokgadi e kgokaganywa le mafelo a mangwe ka ditsela tša lefelong leo. Lenaneo la dikgetho la Independent Electoral Commission le laetša Giyani Road, Mamokgadi Village, Bolobedu bjalo ka lefelo leo le lego ka gare ga Mmasepala wa Greater Letaba. (Elections South Africa) Thuto Mamokgadi e na le Mamokgadi Primary School, sekolo sa setšhaba sa maemo a praemari. Sekolo se hwetšagala Mamokgadi Village, Bolobedu, Molototsi, Limpopo. (Schools 4 SA) Tokomane ya Mmasepala wa Greater Letaba le yona e lokeletša Mamokgadi Primary bjalo ka sekolo sa praemari sa lefelong la Mamokgadi. (Greater Letaba Municipality) Setšhaba Mamokgadi ke lefelo leo le akaretšwago gare ga mafelo a Greater Letaba. Datha ya Census ya 2011 e bontšha gore lefelo le be le na le malapa a 330 le badudi ba 1 187. (Statistics South Africa) Mehlodi * Statistics South Africa – Mamokgadi: Main Place. (Statistics South Africa) * Greater Letaba Local Municipality – Integrated Development Plan. (Greater Letaba Municipality) * Independent Electoral Commission of South Africa – Limpopo Voting Station List. (Elections South Africa) * Schools4SA – Mamokgadi Primary. (Schools 4 SA) qh3tbpaosfbrzjv9oth79pne7z7joc4 0 13995 55488 2026-08-21T13:07:39Z Motshekga00 8353 BALOBEDU 55488 wikitext text/x-wiki Khekhapa Khekhapa ke mokgwa wa setšo wa go opela le go bina wo o amanwago le basadi ba Balobedu kua Limpopo, Afrika Borwa. Ke ye nngwe ya metantsho ya setšo ya Balobedu, mola Dinaka e amanywa kudu le banna.<ref>https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-history-of-south-african-literature/isindebele-siswati-northern-sotho-tshivenda-and-xitsonga-oral-culture/44F51D106089B435564D5F2178F8C502?utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> Tiragatšo Khekhapa e dirwa ke basadi ba Balobedu bao ba aparago diaparo tša setšo. Nakong ya tiragatšo, babini ba ka hlama sediko go dikologa baletši ba meropa gomme ba opela le go bina. Tiragatšo e ka dirwa nakong ya ditiragalo le meletlo ya metseng.<ref>https://www.news24.com/ancient-rituals-beckon-the-rain-20150429?utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> Khekhapa e sepela le go letšwa ga meropa le go opela. Meropa e thuša go hloma morethetho wo babini ba o latelago ge ba bina. Dipego tša ditiragatšo tša setšo tša Balobedu di hlalosa basadi ba bina le go opela ba sepela le medumo ya meropa ya setšo. <ref>https://www.news24.com/ancient-rituals-beckon-the-rain-20150429?utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> Bohlokwa bja setšo Khekhapa ke karolo ya boitšhupo le polelo ya setšo ya Balobedu. Ka yona, setšhaba se tšea karolo mminong, go bineng le moaparong wa setšo. Mmino le metantsho ya setšo di tšwela pele go bonagala ditiragalong tša setšo tša Balobedu. <ref>https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-history-of-south-african-literature/isindebele-siswati-northern-sotho-tshivenda-and-xitsonga-oral-culture/44F51D106089B435564D5F2178F8C502?utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> Khekhapa gape e tšwelela nakong ya ditiragalo tša setšhaba moo batho ba kgobokanago go bina, go opela le go keteka. Dipego ka meetlo ya Balobedu di bontšha gore go opela le go bina ke karolo ya ditiragalo tša setšo le tša bodumedi tša setšhaba. <ref>https://www.news24.com/ancient-rituals-beckon-the-rain-20150429?utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> Kamano le meetlo ye mengwe ya Balobedu Khekhapa e amana le mekgwa ye mengwe ya mmino le motantsho wa setšo wa Balobedu. Dinaka ke motantsho le mmino wo o amanywago kudu le banna. O diriša diletswa tša go swana le diphaephe tša setšo le meropa, gomme o ka dirwa ka nako e tee le khekhapa meletlong ye mengwe.<ref>https://www.news24.com/ancient-rituals-beckon-the-rain-20150429?utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> Methopo <nowiki>*</nowiki> Ga-Maphalle Village – Culture & beliefs: Khekhapa and Dinaka. 1jlg715odn8258a2epwi6wcu2pf2ese 0 13996 55489 2026-08-21T13:40:43Z Motshekga00 8353 KHATOLA HIGH MAMOKGADI 55489 wikitext text/x-wiki Khatola High Khatola High ke sekolo sa setšhaba sa sekondari seo se lego Mamokgadi Village, tikologong ya Bolobedu kua Limpopo, Afrika Borwa. Sekolo se ngwadišitšwe ka nomoro ya EMIS 918520085.<ref>Department of Basic Education </ref> Lefelo Khatola High e hwetšagala Mamokgadi Village, Bolobedu, ka gare ga Mmasepala wa Greater Letaba, Setšeng sa Mopani kua Limpopo. Dipego tša dikgetho tša Afrika Borwa le tšona di šupa Khathola Secondary School lefelong la Mamokgadi Village, Bolobedu.<ref>Limpopo Department of Education + IEC</ref> Thuto Khatola High ke sekolo sa sekontari sa lekala la thuto ya setšhaba. Ka 2014, Mail & Guardian e ile ya bega ka maemo a thuto sekolong, gomme ya bolela gore sekolo se be se na le barutiši ba šupago le barutwana ba ka bago 200 ka nako yeo. Pego yeo e ile ya lebana kudu le mathata a go hwetša barutiši ba thuto ya Mathematics.<ref name=":0">Mail & Guardi</ref> Go ya ka datha ya National Senior Certificate ya Lefapha la Thuto ya Motheo, Khatola High e ngwadišitšwe ka EMIS 918520085 gomme e na le dipoelo tša Grade 12 tše di begilwego bakeng sa mengwaga ya 2023, 2024 le 2025. <ref>Department of Basic Education (DBE)</ref> Bohlokwa bja sekolo setšhabeng Khatola High ke karolo ya lefelo la thuto la Mamokgadi Village le tikologo ya Bolobedu. Go ba gona ga sekolo sa sekontari go nea barutwana ba tikologo sebaka sa go tšwela pele ka thuto ka morago ga sekolo sa praemari. Mothopo wa sekolo o se hlaola bjalo ka sekolo sa setšhaba sa sekontari sa maemo a tlwaelegilego. <ref name=":1">Limpopo Department of Education</ref> Methopo <nowiki>*</nowiki> Department of Basic Education. National Senior Certificate Examination: School Performance Data, 2025.<ref>Limpopo Department of Education</ref> <nowiki>*</nowiki> Limpopo Department of Education. Advertisement of Principals’ Posts, 2026.<ref name=":1" /> <nowiki>*</nowiki> Mail & Guardian. “Matric maths scrapped at 300 schools”, 1 August 2014.<ref name=":0" /> <nowiki>*</nowiki> Schools4SA. “Khatola High – Molototsi”. rpx4md186z4fozyvea7a1yv49ivx0kc 0 13997 55490 2026-08-21T14:15:54Z Motshekga00 8353 BALOBEDU CULTURE 55490 wikitext text/x-wiki Go phasa ga Balobedu Go phasa ga Balobedu ke mokgwa wa setšo wo o amanago le go hlompha badimo le go boloka kgokagano magareng ga batho bao ba phelago le bagologolo ba bona. Mokgwa wo o tšwelela gare ga Balobedu ba Bolobedu South kua Limpopo, moo go phasa go lego karolo ya ditirelo tša setšo tšeo di amanago le lehu, go llela bahu le go gopola badimo.<ref name=":0">Mzondi, Abraham M.M. & Modiba, Chosana F.E. (2024). "Death and mourning rituals in a Pentecostal church in Bolobedu South, Limpopo, South Africa." African Journal of Pentecostal Studies, 1(1), a21. DOI: 10.4102/ajops.v1i1.21.</ref> Tlhaloso ya go phasa Go phasa go akaretša go bitša badimo le go dira ditiro tša setšo tša go ba hlompha. Mo ditirelong tše dingwe, setho se segolo sa lapa se ka etelela pele tiragatšo. Ditiro tše di thuša malapa go bontšha tlhompho go bagologolo le go tšwetša pele meetlo ya setšo go meloko ye e latelago. <ref>Mzondi, Abraham M.M. & Modiba, Chosana F.E. (2024). "Death and mourning rituals in a Pentecostal church in Bolobedu South, Limpopo, South Africa." African Journal of Pentecostal Studies, 1(1), a21. DOI: 10.4102/ajops.v1i1.21.</ref> Go phasa go ka akaretša go diriša snuff le meetse ao a tswakilwego le mabele nakong ya poledišano le badimo. Ditiro tše di ka tšwelela nakong ya ditirelo tša lehu le tša go llela bahu.<ref>Mzondi, Abraham M.M. & Modiba, Chosana F.E. (2024). "Death and mourning rituals in a Pentecostal church in Bolobedu South, Limpopo, South Africa." African Journal of Pentecostal Studies, 1(1), a21. DOI: 10.4102/ajops.v1i1.21.</ref> Kamano le badimo Badimo ba tšea karolo ye bohlokwa mo kwešišong ya setšo ya Balobedu. Go phasa go dirišwa go bontšha tlhompho go badimo le go boloka kamano ya lapa le bagologolo ba lona. Ka mokgwa wo, batho ba gopola bao ba hlokofetšego gomme ba tšwetša pele tsebo le meetlo ya lapa. <ref>Mzondi, Abraham M.M. & Modiba, Chosana F.E. (2024). "Death and mourning rituals in a Pentecostal church in Bolobedu South, Limpopo, South Africa." African Journal of Pentecostal Studies, 1(1), a21. DOI: 10.4102/ajops.v1i1.21.</ref> Go phasa ga go direge feela nakong ya lehu. Dinyakišišo tša Balobedu ba Bolobedu South di bontšha gore malapa a mangwe a ka bokana ngwaga le ngwaga bakeng sa go phasa. Nakong yeo, batho ba ka etela mabitla a badimo gomme bagolo ba abelana dikanegelo tša histori ya lapa le ditlogolo. <ref>Mzondi, Abraham M.M. & Modiba, Chosana F.E. (2024). "Death and mourning rituals in a Pentecostal church in Bolobedu South, Limpopo, South Africa." African Journal of Pentecostal Studies, 1(1), a21. DOI: 10.4102/ajops.v1i1.21.</ref> Bohlokwa bja setšo Go phasa go thuša go tšwetša pele bohwa bja setšo le kgokagano magareng ga meloko. Ka go tšea karolo mo ditirelong tše, ditlogolo di ithuta ka histori ya malapa a tšona, meetlo le kamano ya setšhaba le badimo. <ref name=":0" /> Mokgwa wo gape o bontšha kamoo meetlo ya Balobedu e tswalanago le dikgopolo tša bophelo, lehu, segopotšo le bohwa bja setšo. Go phasa go tšwela pele go ba karolo ya mekgwa ya setšo yeo e dirwago ke malapa a mangwe a Balobedu. <ref>Mzondi, Abraham M.M. & Modiba, Chosana F.E. (2024). "Death and mourning rituals in a Pentecostal church in Bolobedu South, Limpopo, South Africa." African Journal of Pentecostal Studies, 1(1), a21. DOI: 10.4102/ajops.v1i1.21.</ref> Methopo 1. Mzondi, Abraham M.M. & Modiba, Chosana F.E. (2024). “Death and mourning rituals in a Pentecostal church in Bolobedu South, Limpopo, South Africa.” African Journal of Pentecostal Studies, 1(1), a21. DOI: 10.4102/ajops. v1i1.21.<ref name=":0" /> eubnq6jc7is6hzz1bqxdspp4rvbp1ix 3 13998 55492 2026-08-21T17:08:34Z Martinvl 1126 /* Changes to Savanna */ sekgao se sempsha 55492 wikitext text/x-wiki == Changes to Savanna == Hi [[User:Khumobelle]]. You appear to have created two identical articles '''[[Savanna]]''' and '''[[Savanna ya go swana le]]''', both of which had identical errors in their lists of references. I have corrected the references in the artcile "Savana" by copying the correct text from the equivalent English article. I do not speak or read SeSotho, so I made the changes by using my knowledge of the structure of WIkipedia artciles. BTW, I have been blocked on the English WIkipedia so I am unable to communicate with you there. However, to put your mind at rest, I am an editor in good standing on Wikimedia Commons, WikiVoyage and the Afrikaans Wikipedia. [[Mošomi:Martinvl|Martinvl]] ([[Boledišana le Mošomi:Martinvl|talk]]) 19:08, 21 Phato 2026 (SAST) eyjw7c87mq5iyxrf6qn5zeyebvwx5u7