Wikipedia nsowiki https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letlakala_la_pele MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.19 first-letter Media Special Bolediša Mošomi Boledišana le Mošomi Wikipedia Dipolelo tša Wikipedia Seswantšho Poledišano ya Seswantšho MediaWiki Poledišano ya MediaWiki Template Poledišano ya Template Thušo Poledišano ya Thušo Setensele Poledišano ya Setensele TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 12749 55779 52580 2026-09-10T09:45:40Z Makenzis 7323 55779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club|clubname=Baroka|image=|image_size=250px|fullname=Baroka Football Club|nickname=''Bakgakga''|founded={{Start date and age|2007|12|30|df=y}}|ground=[[Old Peter Mokaba Stadium]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/south-africa/baroka-fc/18450/|title=South Africa - Baroka FC - Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos and news - Soccerway|website=int.soccerway.com|access-date=20 February 2018|archive-date=13 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113100442/https://int.soccerway.com/teams/south-africa/baroka-fc/18450/|url-status=live}}</ref>|capacity=15,000|owner=|chairman=Khurishi Mphahlele|manager= |league=[[National First Division|First Division]] |season=[[2025–26 National First Division|2025–26]] |position=16th |pattern_la1=_baroka1718h|pattern_b1=_baroka1718h|pattern_ra1=_baroka1718h|leftarm1=119E50|body1=119E50|rightarm1=119E50|shorts1=F5DE2D|socks1=119E50|pattern_la2=_baroka1718a|pattern_b2=_baroka1718a|pattern_ra2=_baroka1718a|leftarm2=119E50|body2=119E50|rightarm2=119E50|shorts2=119E50|socks2=119E50|pattern_la3=_baroka1718t|pattern_b3=_baroka1718t|pattern_ra3=_baroka1718t|leftarm3=119E50|body3=119E50|rightarm3=119E50|shorts3=ffffff|socks3=ffffff|website=https://barokafc.co.za}} '''Baroka FC''' ke sehlopha sa [[kgwele ya maoto]] sa Afrika Borwa sa go tšwa Ga-Mphahlele kgauswi le [[Polokwane]], [[Limpopo]] se se ralokago ka Karolong ya Pele ya Bosetšhaba yeo e tsebjago bjalo ka Motsepe Foundation Championship ka mabaka a go thekgo ya ditšhelete, ka morago ga go rotošetšwa go karolo ya maemo a godimo yeo ka tlwaelo e bitšwago DStv Premiership. == Ditšhupetšo == {{reflist}} sf7b1l6rgc7tu38o4dzf5dyleczbrwy 2 13533 55766 55731 2026-09-10T07:42:27Z Zureka4 8367 ke feditse 55766 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina la ka ke Zureka4. [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 3/|Draft 3]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 4|Draft 4]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 5|Draft 5]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 6|Draft 6]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 7|Draft 7]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 8|Draft 8]] qbrr9a5hhrc2ul9c7x3zqb8zlw4tu31 55768 55766 2026-09-10T08:31:41Z Zureka4 8367 ke dira draft 55768 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina la ka ke Zureka4. [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 3/|Draft 3]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 4|Draft 4]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 5|Draft 5]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 6|Draft 6]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 7|Draft 7]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 8|Draft 8]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 9|Draft 9]] d3w8ckrg7abvjr4347rehwuehyqp6hg 55771 55768 2026-09-10T08:42:27Z Zureka4 8367 ke dira draft 55771 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina la ka ke Zureka4. [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 3/|Draft 3]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 4|Draft 4]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 5|Draft 5]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 6|Draft 6]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 7|Draft 7]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 8|Draft 8]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 9|Draft 9]] [[Mošomi:Zureka4/Draft 10|Draft 10]] e0be6ftkm3l25pprjc2x4ealvt37b69 2 13577 55778 54218 2026-09-10T09:26:06Z Kakamas14 8370 picture 55778 wikitext text/x-wiki Dikgaruru tše di theilwego godimo ga bong '''Dikgaruru''' tša bong di šupa ditiro tše kotsi tšeo di lebanego le batho ka lebaka la bong bja bona. E akaretša mehuta ye e fapafapanego ya tlaišo ya go swana le [[dikgaruru]] tša mmele, tša thobalano, tša monagano le tša ekonomi, gomme di ama kudu basadi, basetsana, batho ba transgender, le bao ba sa sepelelanego le melao ya setšo ya bong. GBV e hlolwa ke go se lekalekane ga bong le tšhomišo e mpe ya maatla, gomme se se dira gore e be ye nngwe ya dikgatako tša ditokelo tša botho tše di phatlaletšego kudu lefaseng.<ref>https://www.unhcr.org/what-we-do/protect-human-rights/protection/gender-based-violence</ref> [[Seswantšho:Breaking the Silence; United Against Gender Based Violence.jpg|alt=A re emeng mmogo|thumb|332x332px|A re emišeng dikgaruru tša bong]] Mohuta wo wa dikgaruru o tseneletše kudu ka dibopegong tša leago le setšo, ditlwaelo le dikelo tšeo di laolago setšhaba gomme gantši di thekgwa ke setšo sa go gana le go homola. Dikgaruru tša bong di ka diragala ka mafelong a phraebete le a setšhaba gomme di ama basadi ka tsela ye e sa lekanego. Dikgaruru tša bong e ka ba tša thobalano, tša mmele, tša molomo, tša monagano tša maikutlo, goba tša ekonomi ya leago, gomme di ka tšea mehuta ye mentši, go tloga go tlaišo ya mantšu le polelo ya lehloyo [[inthaneteng]] go ya go go kata goba polao. E ka dirwa ke mang le mang: molekane wa bjale goba wa peleng, leloko la lapa, mošomimmogo le yena, bagwera, batho bao ba sa ba tsebego, goba batho bao ba šomago legatong la dihlongwa tša setšo, tša bodumedi, tša mmušo goba tša ka gare ga mmušo.<ref>https://plan-international.org/learn/what-is-gender-based-violence-gbv/</ref> Tlhalošo le Bogolo bja Dikgaruru tša bong di šupa tshenyo ya mmele ya bong, ya monagano goba ya ekonomi yeo e hlolwago ke motho ka lebaka la bong, tshekamelo ya gagwe ya bong goba boitšhupo bja gagwe. E akaretša dikgaruru tša ka malapeng le tša balekane ba kgauswi, tlaišo ya tša thobalano, go šala morago, go gweba ka batho, lenyalo la bana, go kgaolwa ga basadi (FGM), tlaišo ya inthanete le melato yeo e bitšwago 'tlhompho'. Le ge basadi le basetsana ba amega kudu, banna, batho ba [[LGBTQ]]+ le dihlopha tše di phaetšwego thoko le bona e ka ba batšwasehlabelo.<ref>https://oxford-review.com/the-oxford-review-dei-diversity-equity-and-inclusion-dictionary/gender-based-violence-definition-and-explanation/</ref> Ka go feleletša, dikgaruru tša bong di tšwela pele go ba tlhohlo ye kgolo yeo e nyakago magato a mohlakanelwa le boikgafo go aga setšhaba se se bolokegilego le sa tekatekano go bohle. Maitapišo a swanetše go nepiša go kwešiša go raragana ga GBV le go tsentšha mošomong maano a kakaretšo a go e rarolla ka tshwanelo. A go na motho yo a swantše go dumela GBV e direga ka pele a gage, ge o ka kopana le yona o netefatše gore wa e thibela ka tsela ye o kakgonang ka gona.<ref>https://karibu.org.za/gender-based-violence-in-south-africa-a-crisis-that-demands-action/</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == <references /> [[Setensele:Dintwa]] [[Setensele:Go tshwenya]] 9ir4td4w61gd92497xl5ltszn0q7qlx 2 13815 55758 55750 2026-09-09T19:38:52Z Derek J Moore 7077 added 55758 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Template:Nsoipedia_/styles.css" /> <div class="nsoipedia-header"> <div class="nsoipedia-header-left"> <div class="nsoipedia-logo"> <span class="nsoiki-logo-lead">Wikipediy</span><span class="nsoiki-logo-end">A</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-tagline"> Ensaeklopidia ya mahala </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-meta"> <span class="nsoikipedia-pill">📚 Encylopediya</span> </div> </div> <div class="nsoipedia-header-right"> <div class="nsoikipedia-menu-title">Categories</div> <div class="nsoikipedia-menu-grid"> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🎨</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Culture</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🌱</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Nature</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🔬</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Science</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🏛️</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Histories</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> {{Infobox |name = Derek J Moore |title = My Sandbox |header1 = {{#if:{{{item_one|}}}{{{item_two|}}}{{{item_three|}}}|Optional header}} |label2 = |data2 = {{{item_two| {{Kenya setshwantsho|Derek Moore|date=May 2026|cat3=Weblearning}} }}} |label3 = First name |data3 = {{{item_two| Derek }}} |label4 = Last name |data4 = {{{item_three|Moore}}} |label5 = Website |data5 = {{{item_four|weblearning.co.za}}} }} <div class="contain"> <div class="lamp-row"> <div class="container"> <div id="night" class="shade" ></div> <div class="top-light"></div> <div class="arm"></div> <div class="pole"></div> <div class="base"></div> </div> <div class="container"> <div id="night" class="shade" ></div> <div class="top-light"></div> <div class="arm"></div> <div class="pole"></div> <div class="base"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> r1tk883gaytdo4lrcgt1b847zp8bljt 55759 55758 2026-09-09T19:51:50Z Derek J Moore 7077 added 55759 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Template:Nsoipedia_/styles.css" /> <div class="nsoipedia-header"> <div class="nsoipedia-header-left"> <div class="nsoipedia-logo"> <span class="nsoiki-logo-lead">Wikipediy</span><span class="nsoiki-logo-end">A</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-tagline"> Ensaeklopidia ya mahala </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-meta"> <span class="nsoikipedia-pill">📚 Encylopediya</span> </div> </div> <div class="nsoipedia-header-right"> <div class="nsoikipedia-menu-title">Categories</div> <div class="nsoikipedia-menu-grid"> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🎨</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Culture</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🌱</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Nature</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🔬</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Science</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🏛️</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Histories</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> {{Infobox |name = Derek J Moore |title = My Sandbox |header1 = {{#if:{{{item_one|}}}{{{item_two|}}}{{{item_three|}}}|Optional header}} |label2 = |data2 = {{{item_two| {{Kenya setshwantsho|Derek Moore|date=May 2026|cat3=Lamposts}} }}} |label3 = First name |data3 = {{{item_two| Derek }}} |label4 = Last name |data4 = {{{item_three|Moore}}} |label5 = Website |data5 = {{{item_four|weblearning.co.za}}} }} <div class="contain"> <div class="lamp-row"> <div class="container"> <div id="night" class="shade" ></div> <div class="top-light"></div> <div class="arm"></div> <div class="pole"></div> <div class="base"></div> </div> <div class="container"> <div id="night" class="shade" ></div> <div class="top-light"></div> <div class="arm"></div> <div class="pole"></div> <div class="base"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> hikds08118d6jn5dl5fhl458rlaf1z8 55761 55759 2026-09-09T20:04:31Z Derek J Moore 7077 added 55761 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Template:Nsoipedia/styles.css" /> <div class="nsoipedia-header"> <div class="nsoipedia-header-left"> <div class="nsoipedia-logo"> <span class="nsoiki-logo-lead">Wikipediy</span><span class="nsoiki-logo-end">A</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-tagline"> Ensaeklopidia ya mahala </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-meta"> <span class="nsoikipedia-pill">📚 Encylopediya</span> </div> </div> <div class="nsoipedia-header-right"> <div class="nsoikipedia-menu-title">Categories</div> <div class="nsoikipedia-menu-grid"> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🎨</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Culture</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🌱</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Nature</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🔬</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Science</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🏛️</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Histories</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> {{Infobox |name = Derek J Moore |title = My Sandbox |header1 = {{#if:{{{item_one|}}}{{{item_two|}}}{{{item_three|}}}|Optional header}} |label2 = |data2 = {{{item_two| {{Kenya setshwantsho|Derek Moore|date=May 2026|cat3=Lamposts}} }}} |label3 = First name |data3 = {{{item_two| Derek }}} |label4 = Last name |data4 = {{{item_three|Moore}}} |label5 = Website |data5 = {{{item_four|weblearning.co.za}}} }} <div class="contain"> <div class="lamp-row"> <div class="container"> <div id="night" class="shade" ></div> <div class="top-light"></div> <div class="arm"></div> <div class="pole"></div> <div class="base"></div> </div> <div class="container"> <div id="night" class="shade" ></div> <div class="top-light"></div> <div class="arm"></div> <div class="pole"></div> <div class="base"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> e11q6ko5wt5jrs9qrt9loh26erhpiu6 55780 55761 2026-09-10T11:08:10Z Derek J Moore 7077 added 55780 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Template:Nsoipedia/styles.css" /> <div class="nsoipedia-header"> <div class="nsoipedia-header-left"> <div class="nsoipedia-logo"> <span class="nsoiki-logo-lead">Wikipediy</span><span class="nsoiki-logo-end">A</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-tagline"> Ensaeklopidia ya mahala </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-meta"> <span class="nsoikipedia-pill">📚 Encylopediya</span> </div> </div> <div class="nsoipedia-header-right"> <div class="nsoikipedia-menu-title">Categories</div> <div class="nsoikipedia-menu-grid"> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🎨</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Culture</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🌱</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Nature</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🔬</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Science</span> </div> <div class="nsoikipedia-cat"> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-icon">🏛️</span> <span class="nsoikipedia-cat-label">Histories</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> {{Infobox | title = Upload Images |data2 = {{{item_two| {{Kenya setshwantsho|Derek Moore|date=May 2026|cat3=Lamposts}} }}} }} <div class="contain"> <div class="lamp-row"> <div class="container"> <div id="night" class="shade" ></div> <div class="top-light"></div> <div class="arm"></div> <div class="pole"></div> <div class="base"></div> </div> <div class="container"> <div id="night" class="shade" ></div> <div class="top-light"></div> <div class="arm"></div> <div class="pole"></div> <div class="base"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> 6avnpimcgt31qs18tz9o8hqwndzfnot 10 13816 55775 54829 2026-09-10T09:11:55Z Derek J Moore 7077 lets see 55775 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="text-align: center;">[[File:{{#switch: {{{1|{{{type|}}}}}} | 1 = Gthumb.svg | 2 = Replace this image JA.svg | 3 = Requestpicture.JPG | #default = Gthumb.svg }}|{{#if: {{{2|{{{size|}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{size}}}}}} | {{#switch: {{{1|{{{type|}}}}}} | 2 = 150px | 3 = 230px | #default = {{{size}}}<!-- size? --> }} }}|link=commons:Special:UploadWizard]]<br /><!-- --><span style="font-size: smaller;"><!-- -->{{Clickable button|c:Special:UploadWizard|Kenya Setshwantsho|class=mw-ui-progressive}}<!-- --></span></div><includeonly>{{#switch: {{NAMESPACE}} | {{ns:0}} | {{ns:1}} = {{#if:{{{cat|}}} | [[Category:{{{cat}}} Image Request]] }} | #default= }}{{#if: {{{cat1|}}} | [[Category:{{{cat1}}} Image Request]] }}{{#if: {{{cat2|}}} | [[Category:{{{cat2}}} Image Request]] }}{{#if: {{{cat3|}}} | [[Image Request for Category:{{{cat3}}}]] }}{{#if: {{{cat4|}}} | [[Image Request for Category:{{{cat4}}}]] }}{{#if: {{{cat5|}}} | [[Image Request for Category:{{{cat5}}}]] }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> 1coa2ndb0awi0u57kos0d9zr53hos2r 0 13929 55763 55302 2026-09-10T06:55:21Z Renalemathata 8347 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371073347|Sexual intercourse]]" 55763 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Paul_Avril_-_Les_Sonnetts_Luxurieux_(1892)_de_Pietro_Aretino,_2.jpg|alt=Sexual intercourse in the missionary position depicted by Édouard-Henri Avril (1892), depicting a man inserting his penis into woman's vagina|thumb| Boemo bja boromiwa, bjo bo pentilwego ke Édouard-Henri Avril (1892), bjo bo hlohleleditšwego ke disonete tše di tsošago kganyogo ya botona le botshadi tša Pietro Aretino]] '''Thobalano''', yeo e tsebjago semmušo kudu e le '''kopano ya bontate le basadi''', '''kopano ya bontate le basadi''', goba '''kopano ya bontate le basadi''', ke modiro wa kgaufsi wa tša leago wo ka tlwaelo o akaretšago go tsenywa ga setho sa bonna se se emego ka gare ga bokgarebe bja mosadi gomme wa latelwa ke ditšhišinyego tša go kgorometša bakeng sa lethabo la go tsoša kganyogo ya bontate le basadi, go tšweletša gape ga diphedi, goba ka bobedi. Mohuta wo o itšego wa thobalano o tsebja gape bjalo ka thobalano ya bosadi (goba thobalano ya bokgarebe). Le ge go le bjalo, mehuta ye mengwe ya kopano ya bontate le basadi ye e tsenelelago le yona e gona, go akaretšwa thobalano ya ka maragong (go tsenelela ga anus ka setho sa pelego), thobalano ya molomo (go tsenelela ga molomo ka setho sa pelego goba go kgomagana ka molomo le goba go tsenelela ga ditho tša pelego tša basadi ), go swara ka menwana (go tsenelela ga thobalano ka menwana) le go tsenelela ka go šomiša tilto (kudu tilto ya lebanta ), le di- vibrators . <ref name="health.discovery.com">{{Cite web |title=Sexual Intercourse |url=http://health.discovery.com/centers/sex/sexpedia/intercourse.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080822040701/http://health.discovery.com/centers/sex/sexpedia/intercourse.html |archive-date=August 22, 2008 |access-date=January 12, 2008 |publisher=[[Discovery Channel|Discovery Health]]}}</ref> Kganyogo ya mediro ye e theilwe tlhagong ya tlhago ya motho gomme e akaretša tswalano ya kgaufsi ya mmele magareng ga batho ba babedi goba go feta moo, yeo gantši e dirwago molao ke batho feela bakeng sa go thabiša mmeleng le maikwelong, ka dinako tše dingwe e tlaleletša tlemong ya batho . <ref name="health.discovery.com" /> fcgl3teki8q43hh5u3udnoyzen1hjd4 0 14057 55772 55638 2026-09-10T08:51:10Z Zureka4 8367 ke loketse dilinki 55772 wikitext text/x-wiki Ditwatši '''Ditwatši''' ke ditwatši tše nnyane tšeo di ka babjago batho, diphoofolo le dimela. Ke tše nnyane kudu go feta ditwatši gomme o ka se di bone ka microscope ya ka mehla. O ka hwetša ditwatši gohle mo go re dikologilego. Ditwatši tše dingwe di hlola malwetši a nnyane, mola tše dingwe di ka ba tše šoro kudu goba le go bea bophelo kotsing. Go ithuta ka ditwatši go bohlokwa thutamahlale le kalafo ka gobane e re thuša go tseba gore malwetši a phatlalala bjang le gore re ka a thibela bjang.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Viruses: What They Are & How They Work |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24861-virus |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260811132642/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24861-virus |archive-date=2026-08-11 |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Cleveland Clinic |language=en}}</ref> [[Seswantšho:201904 Virus.svg|thumb|Twatši]] Ditwatši ke diphelakadingwe tše nnyane, tšeo di sa phelego tšeo di sa swanelago go swana le disele tše di tlwaelegilego. Di ka fetetša diphedi tša go fapafapana, go tloga go pakteria go ya go dimela go ya go [[diphoofolo]]. Ditwatši di gona magareng ga dilo tše di phelago le tše di sa phelego. Dibaerase tše di phelago di a gola, di a tswala le go tswala, eupša ditwatši ga di dirwe ka disele, ga di na tshepedišo ya mmele, ga di gole ebile ga di kgone go arogana go swana le disele. Ditwatši di ka itirela dikopi, eupša di ithekga ka botlalo ka disele tša tšona go bopa ditwatši tše mpsha, tšeo di kgobokeditšwego ka sebopego sa tšona sa mafelelo. Ga go na motho yo a tsebago gore ditwatši di tšweletše neng le gona bjang, ka ge di sa tlogele difosile. Ditwatši tše dingwe di dumela gore ditwatši tša sebjalebjale di swana le [[patchwork]] ya dikarolwana tša esiti ya [[nucleic]] tšeo di adimilwego go tšwa methopong ya go fapafapana historing ya tšona ya tlhagelelo.Ditwatši di ile tša utollwa la mathomo ka morago ga ge borathutamahlale ba tšweleditše sefa se se kgethegilego sa porcelain—sefa sa Chamberland-Pasteur—seo se bego se ka tloša dipakteria ka moka tšeo o ka di bonago ka fase ga maekroskopo. Ka 1886, Adolph Meyer o bontšhitše gore bolwetši bja dibjalo tša motšoko, bjo bo bitšwago bolwetši bja mosaic ya motšoko, bo ka fetišetšwa go tšwa go sebjalo se se babjago go ya go se phetšego gabotse ka go diriša dintšhi tša seela go tšwa sebjalong. Ka 1892, Dmitri Ivanowski o hweditše gore bolwetši bjo bo ka phatlalatšwa le ka morago ga go sefa dipakteria ka moka ka sefa sa Chamberland-Pasteur. Go tšere mengwaga ye mentši pele batho ba lemoga gore ditwatši tše tša go fetela "tše di ka sefago" e be e se fela dipakteria tše dinyenyane, eupša e be e le mohuta o moswa ka botlalo wa dikarolwana tše nnyane tše di hlolago malwetši.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Viral Infections |url=https://medlineplus.gov/viralinfections.html |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=medlineplus.gov |publisher=National Library of Medicine}}</ref> Baerase e dirilwe ka dikarolwana tša leabela—e ka ba DNA goba RNA—ka gare ga kgopa ya tšhireletšo yeo e bitšwago capsid. Ditwatši tše dingwe le tšona di na le khupetšo ya ka ntle yeo e bitšwago envelopu. Go fapana le disele tše di phelago, ditwatši ga di kgone go itswadiša ka botšona. Di swanetše go tsena ka gare ga disele tša monggae gomme di diriše metšhene ya sele go dira ditwatši tše dingwe. Ditwatši tše mpsha di ka fetetša disele tše dingwe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quick Facts:Overview of Viral Infections |url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/quick-facts-infections/overview-of-viral-infections/overview-of-viral-infections |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Merck Manual Consumer Version |language=en-US}}</ref> Ditwatši di ka phatlalala ka ditsela tša go fapafapana. Tše dingwe di sepela moyeng ge motho yo a fetetšwego a gohlola goba a ethimola.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-09-02 |title=Virus {{!}} Definition, Structure, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/virus |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == lzc2c6ejq0eriww1kdzhnrg2r0x4nxd 55773 55772 2026-09-10T08:54:23Z Zureka4 8367 ke feditse 55773 wikitext text/x-wiki Ditwatši '''Ditwatši''' ke ditwatši tše nnyane tšeo di ka babjago batho, diphoofolo le dimela. Ke tše nnyane kudu go feta ditwatši gomme o ka se di bone ka microscope ya ka mehla. O ka hwetša ditwatši gohle mo go re dikologilego. Ditwatši tše dingwe di hlola malwetši a nnyane, mola tše dingwe di ka ba tše šoro kudu goba le go bea bophelo kotsing. Go ithuta ka ditwatši go bohlokwa thutamahlale le kalafo ka gobane e re thuša go tseba gore malwetši a phatlalala bjang le gore re ka a thibela bjang.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Viruses: What They Are & How They Work |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24861-virus |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260811132642/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24861-virus |archive-date=2026-08-11 |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Cleveland Clinic |language=en}}</ref> [[Seswantšho:201904 Virus.svg|thumb|Twatši]] Ditwatši ke diphelakadingwe tše nnyane, tšeo di sa phelego tšeo di sa swanelago go swana le disele tše di tlwaelegilego. Di ka fetetša diphedi tša go fapafapana, go tloga go pakteria go ya go dimela go ya go [[diphoofolo]]. Ditwatši di gona magareng ga dilo tše di phelago le tše di sa phelego. Dibaerase tše di phelago di a gola, di a tswala le go tswala, eupša ditwatši ga di dirwe ka disele, ga di na tshepedišo ya mmele, ga di gole ebile ga di kgone go arogana go swana le disele. Ditwatši di ka itirela dikopi, eupša di ithekga ka botlalo ka disele tša tšona go bopa ditwatši tše mpsha, tšeo di kgobokeditšwego ka sebopego sa tšona sa mafelelo. Ga go na motho yo a tsebago gore ditwatši di tšweletše neng le gona bjang, ka ge di sa tlogele difosile. Ditwatši tše dingwe di dumela gore ditwatši tša sebjalebjale di swana le [[patchwork]] ya dikarolwana tša esiti ya [[nucleic]] tšeo di adimilwego go tšwa methopong ya go fapafapana historing ya tšona ya tlhagelelo.Ditwatši di ile tša utollwa la mathomo ka morago ga ge borathutamahlale ba tšweleditše sefa se se kgethegilego sa porcelain—sefa sa Chamberland-Pasteur—seo se bego se ka tloša dipakteria ka moka tšeo o ka di bonago ka fase ga maekroskopo. Ka 1886, Adolph Meyer o bontšhitše gore bolwetši bja dibjalo tša motšoko, bjo bo bitšwago bolwetši bja mosaic ya motšoko, bo ka fetišetšwa go tšwa go sebjalo se se babjago go ya go se phetšego gabotse ka go diriša dintšhi tša seela go tšwa sebjalong. Ka 1892, Dmitri Ivanowski o hweditše gore bolwetši bjo bo ka phatlalatšwa le ka morago ga go sefa dipakteria ka moka ka sefa sa Chamberland-Pasteur. Go tšere mengwaga ye mentši pele batho ba lemoga gore ditwatši tše tša go fetela "tše di ka sefago" e be e se fela dipakteria tše dinyenyane, eupša e be e le mohuta o moswa ka botlalo wa dikarolwana tše nnyane tše di hlolago malwetši.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Viral Infections |url=https://medlineplus.gov/viralinfections.html |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=medlineplus.gov |publisher=National Library of Medicine}}</ref> Baerase e dirilwe ka dikarolwana tša leabela—e ka ba DNA goba RNA—ka gare ga kgopa ya tšhireletšo yeo e bitšwago capsid. Ditwatši tše dingwe le tšona di na le khupetšo ya ka ntle yeo e bitšwago envelopu. Go fapana le disele tše di phelago, ditwatši ga di kgone go itswadiša ka botšona. Di swanetše go tsena ka gare ga disele tša monggae gomme di diriše metšhene ya sele go dira ditwatši tše dingwe. Ditwatši tše mpsha di ka fetetša disele tše dingwe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quick Facts:Overview of Viral Infections |url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/quick-facts-infections/overview-of-viral-infections/overview-of-viral-infections |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Merck Manual Consumer Version |language=en-US}}</ref> Ditwatši di ka phatlalala ka ditsela tša go fapafapana. Tše dingwe di sepela moyeng ge motho yo a fetetšwego a gohlola goba a ethimola.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-09-02 |title=Virus {{!}} Definition, Structure, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/virus |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == <references /> [[Setensele:Dibaerase]] r2n1uu8dl5f93cyoq44jdqx72zzd37a 10 14072 55755 55749 2026-09-09T19:36:18Z Derek J Moore 7077 55755 sanitized-css text/css /**************************************************/ /*** nsoikipedia ***/ /*** Heritage in Style ***/ /*┌──────────────────────────────────┬──────────┐*/ /*│ FIRST COLUMN │ SECOND │*/ /*│ flex: 1 │ COLUMN │*/ /*│ │ │*/ /*│ (Tab 1) (Tab 2) (Tab 3) │ Badges │*/ /*└──────────────────────────────────┴──────────┘*/ .primary {color:#bd6794;} .secondary {color:white;} /****************************/ /*** HEADER ***/ /****************************/ .nsoipedia-header { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; background-color: #bd6794; 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} .lamp-row { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: flex-end; gap: 20px; flex-wrap: wrap; } /****************************/ /*** MOBILE ***/ /****************************/ @media screen and (max-width: 560px) { .nsoipedia-header { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .nsoipedia-header-right { min-width: unset; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15); padding: 1rem 1.25rem 1.25rem; } .nsoipedia-logo { font-size: 1.9em; } .nsoikipedia-tagline { font-size: 1.1em; } } /****************************/ /*** Ta Txikipedia ***/ /****************************/ hcxwcyrobcqyzuh1d1bm4mcab293ycd 55757 55756 2026-09-09T19:37:39Z Derek J Moore 7077 Derek J Moore moved page [[Template:Nsoikipedia/styles.css]] to [[Template:Nsoipedia /styles.css]] without leaving a redirect 55756 sanitized-css text/css /**************************************************/ /*** nsoipedia ***/ /*** Heritage in Style ***/ /*┌──────────────────────────────────┬──────────┐*/ /*│ FIRST COLUMN │ SECOND │*/ /*│ flex: 1 │ COLUMN │*/ /*│ │ │*/ /*│ (Tab 1) (Tab 2) (Tab 3) │ Badges │*/ /*└──────────────────────────────────┴──────────┘*/ .primary {color:#bd6794;} .secondary {color:white;} /****************************/ /*** HEADER ***/ /****************************/ .nsoipedia-header { display: grid; 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} .lamp-row { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: flex-end; gap: 20px; flex-wrap: wrap; } /****************************/ /*** MOBILE ***/ /****************************/ @media screen and (max-width: 560px) { .nsoipedia-header { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .nsoipedia-header-right { min-width: unset; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15); padding: 1rem 1.25rem 1.25rem; } .nsoipedia-logo { font-size: 1.9em; } .nsoikipedia-tagline { font-size: 1.1em; } } /****************************/ /*** Ta Txikipedia ***/ /****************************/ hcxwcyrobcqyzuh1d1bm4mcab293ycd 55781 55760 2026-09-10T11:10:17Z Derek J Moore 7077 added 55781 sanitized-css text/css /**************************************************/ /*** nsoipedia ***/ /*** Heritage in Style ***/ /*┌──────────────────────────────────┬──────────┐*/ /*│ FIRST COLUMN │ SECOND │*/ /*│ flex: 1 │ COLUMN │*/ /*│ │ │*/ /*│ (Tab 1) (Tab 2) (Tab 3) │ Badges │*/ /*└──────────────────────────────────┴──────────┘*/ .primary {color:#bd6794;} .secondary {color:white;} /****************************/ /*** HEADER ***/ /****************************/ .nsoipedia-header { display: grid; 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} /****************************/ /*** CSS image ***/ /****************************/ .container { position: relative; width: 250px; height: 400px; } .shade { display: block; position: relative; width: 100px; top: 10px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); border-top: 30px solid #2c3e50; border-bottom: 30px solid transparent; border-radius: 50%; z-index: 40; } .top-light { position: absolute; height:0; width:20px; border-bottom:75px solid #f2ce3a; border-right:15px solid #f2ce3a; border-left:15px solid #f2ce3a; top: 10px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); z-index: 10; } .pole { position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); width: 20px; height: 320px; background: #2c3e50; } .base { position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); width: 40px; height: 20px; background: #1a252f; border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0; } .contain { height: 100vh; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; background-color: #D2CBD5; transition: color 0.3s, background-color 0.3s; } .lamp-row { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: flex-end; gap: 20px; flex-wrap: wrap; } /****************************/ /*** MOBILE ***/ /****************************/ @media screen and (max-width: 560px) { .nsoipedia-header { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .nsoipedia-header-right { min-width: unset; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15); padding: 1rem 1.25rem 1.25rem; } .nsoipedia-logo { font-size: 1.9em; } .nsoikipedia-tagline { font-size: 1.1em; } } /* ========================================= iPEDIA INFOBOX ========================================= */ /* ----------------------------------------- Main infobox ----------------------------------------- */ .infobox { float: right; clear: right; width: 22em; max-width: 100%; margin: 0.5em 0 1.25em 1.5em; padding: 0; border: 1px solid #d7dccf;; border-radius: 12px; background: #ffffff; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.05), 0 8px 20px rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.05); } /* ----------------------------------------- Infobox title ----------------------------------------- */ .infobox-above, .infobox-title, .infobox caption { padding: 0.7em 0.9em; background: #bd6794 !important; color: #fff !important; border: 0; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.25; text-align: center; } /* ----------------------------------------- Image area ----------------------------------------- */ .infobox-image, .infobox-full-data { padding: 0.6em; background: #ffffff; text-align: center; } .infobox-image img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; border-radius: 7px; } /****************************/ /*** Ta Txikipedia ***/ /****************************/ 51aka14hhy11trzvxdahamamw9yjse5 0 14087 55754 2026-09-09T18:37:52Z Nompumelelo.S29 8767 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347283332|Sekwati]]" 55754 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sekwati''' (c. 1824 – 20 September 1861) e be e le Kgoši ya godimodimo ya ngwagakgolo wa bo-19 ya Maroteng, yeo e tsebjago kudu bjalo ka batho ba Bapedi .<ref>https://everything.explained.today/Sekwati/</ref> Pušo ya gagwe e be e lebišitšwe go aga Mmušo wa Marota lefsa mafelelong a Mfecane le go boloka dikamano tša khutšo le ma -Boer Voortrekker le dikgošana tša kgauswi ka leboa-bohlabela bja Transvaal . E be e le tatago baphenkgišani [[Matsebe Sekhukhune|Sekhukhune I]] yo a tšerego bophagamo bja Marota/Pedi ka kgapeletšo, le [[Sefoka Mokgadi Emelda|Mampuru II]], mohlahlami wa gagwe wa maleba.<ref>https://grokipedia.com/page/Sekhukhune</ref> '''Ka''' morago ga lehu la tatagwe Thulare I ka 1824, Mmušo wa Marota goba Mmušo wa Pedi o be o le maemong a go hloka kholofelo ka lebaka la khuduego yeo e hlotšwego ke ba Mfecane ("go pšhatlaganya") goba Difeqane ("go phatlalatšwa") le badudi ba bašweu bao ba tsenago ka gare ga Transvaal . Sekwati o nametše setulo sa bogoši ka morago ga go hlokofala ga baratho ba gagwe ba bagolo(Malekutu, Matsebe le Phetedi) bao ba lobilego maphelo a bona ka noko yela Matebele a Mzilikazi a bego a ba hlasetše ka yona. Go aga mmušo lefsa, o ile a huduša motse-mošate wa gagwe go tloga Phiring go ya Thaba Mosego.<ref>https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/rsa/bapedi-kingdom.htm</ref> == Go tsoga ga Kgoši Sekwati == '''Masolo''' kgahlanong le ma-Pedi e be e le lelokelelo la maitapišo a sešole ao a bego a swarwa ke ma-Swazi ka maiteko a go kokobetša batho ba ma-Pedi.<ref name=":0">https://podscan.fm/podcasts/the-story-of-south-africa-empire-apartheid-and-transformation-fexingo-history/episodes/south-africa-1877-the-sekhukhune-war-and-pedi-resistance</ref> Le ge ba lekile go hlasela Mapedi, baile ba palelwa ka lebaka la t~hireletšo yeo ba ifilego ka thaba ya Phirirng moo ba bego ba ikutule gona. Ka lebaka leo, bafaladi ba bangwe ba Pedi ba kgonne go hlopha gape le go tšwetša pele kganetšo ya bona. '''Ge''' go thoma ngwaga kgolo wa ba 19, Mapedi a ile a ba ka fase ga diphetogo tše kgolo tša dipolotiki. Kgoši Thulare o tšweletše a le moetapele wa maatla a thoma le bogoši Manganeng,kua nokeng ya Steelpoort .<ref>https://southafrica.co.za/history-of-the-pedi.html</ref> Nako ye e swaya go phagama ga ba Pedi, bao ba ilego ba ba legoro le le bušago ka fase ga boetapele bja Kgoši Thulare. '''Le''' ge go le bjalo, go tsepama ga mmušo wa Pedi e be e le ga nako ye kopana ka ge dingangišano tša tlhatlamano di ile tša tšwelela ka morago ga lehu la Kgoši Thulare. Ka ngwaga wa 1826, Matebele ka tlase ga pušo ya Mzilikazi ba ile ba tšea sebaka ba hlasela setšhaba sa Mapedi, moo barwa ba Thulare ba mmalwa ba ilego ba loba maphelo a bona.<ref name=":1">https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/nkosi-mzilikazi-and-ndebele</ref> '''Gare''' ga khuduego yeo, yo mongwe wa barwa ba Thulare bao ba šetšego, Sekwati, o ile a tšhabela le Pedi yo a bego a tšhaba. Ka morago, Sekwati o ile a boela go balatedi ba gagwe gomme a kgetha Phiring ka bohlale bjalo ka thaba yeo batla tšwago ba dula go yona ge ntše ba leka go ikemela gape. Ka boetapele bja gagwe bja bokgoni le bodiplomate bja bohlale, Sekwati o kgonne go kopanya batho bja Mapedi le go tiiša bogoši bja go fapafapana ka fase ga pušo ya gagwe, mafelelong a ba Kgoši ye kgolo.<ref name=":1" /> '''Ka''' fase ga boetapele bja Sekwati, ba Pedi ba be ba le tseleng ya go hloma mmušo wo o boifišago.<ref name=":0" />E fela, tšwelopele ya bona e ile ya kopana le mathata ka lebaka la gore dipalo tša batho ba mmala mošwue bao ba bego ba hudugela go le dibe di namella, seo se be se ba palliša go ikemela. '''Ka''' go leka go hwetša khutšo le tšwelopele, Sekwati o hlamile tswalano le dihlopha tša baagišani ba mošate wa gagwe, e le go Maburu, Maswati le Mazulu. Go se go ye kae, dingangišano di ile tša go gela pele go ya le nako ebile ka ngwaga wa 1852, Hendrik Potgieter o etetše sehlopha sa bahlabani ba Maburu pele ge ba be le kgatlanong le pušo ya kgoši Sekwati. '''Maburu''' a ile a rakelela sebo sa Mapedi, a holofela go fetša dijo le kabo ya bona ya meetse. Le ge go le bjalo, bahlabani ba Mapedi bao ba nago le bokgoni ba kgonne go efoga mela ya Maburu bošego, ba iphediša nakong ya go rakelela ka nako ye telele. Ka morago ga matšatši a masomepedi-nne, maburu a ile a tloga, a tšea dikgomo tša Mapedi. '''Ka''' go lemoga bohlokwa bja maano a kabo ya meetse a mantši, Sekwati o ile a hudušetša motse-mošate wa gagwe go Thaba Mosega (Mosega Kop). Ka morago o ile a saena kwano le Maburu, a hloma Noka ya Steelpoort bjalo ka mollwane magareng ga dinaga tše pedi, eleng ya Mapedi le Repabliki ya Lydenburg.<ref>https://everything.explained.today/Sekwati/</ref> '''Go''' feta moo, kgoši Sekwati o ile a dumelela Alexander Merensky le C. H. T. Grützner gore ba thome modiro wa boebangedi ka gare ga tšhemo ya gagwe, ba tlaleletša go mafolofolo a bodumedi le a setšo a mmušo wa Mapedi goba Mmušo wa Marota.<ref>https://dacb.org/stories/southafrica/merensky-alexander/</ref> * Peter Nicholas St. Martin Delius, ''The Pedi Polity Under Sekwati and Sekhukhune, 1828-1880'', Yunibesithi ya London (Sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bochabela le Afrika). * Barbara Oomen, ''Dikgošana ka Afrika Borwa: Molao, Maatla & Setšo Mehleng ya Ka morago ga Kgethollo'', Yunibesithi ya KwazuluNatal Press, 2005. == Bona gape == * [[Sefoka Mokgadi Emelda|Mampuru II]] * [[Matsebe Sekhukhune|Sekhukhune I]] * Sekhukhune II * Batho ba Pedi {{Reflist}} <references /> [[Setensele:Mapedi]] [[Setensele:Kgoši Sekwati]] [[Setensele:Kgoši Thulare]] [[Setensele:Matebele a Mzilikazi]] [[Setensele:Manganeng]] 42gr4scuz3so5hyk0mn5i4scmdam9co 0 14088 55762 2026-09-10T06:43:13Z Renalemathata 8347 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365174145|Foot]]" 55762 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[File:MedialViewOfRightFoot.png|thumb| Bokagodimo anathomi ya leoto le letona le kgokgoilane; lehlakore la magareng. 1, thibialese thentone pele - 2, malleolus ya magareng - 3, thibialese thentone morago - 4, tuberosity navicular - 5, flexor digitorum longus tendon - 6, sustentaculum tali ya calcaneus - 7, flexor hallucis longus tendon - 8, tendon ya Achilles - 9, hlooho ea talus - 10, kopanetsoeng pakeng tsa navicular le pele cuneiform - 11, kopanetsoeng pakeng tsa pele metatarsal le pele cuneiform - 12, metatarso-phalangeal kopanetsoeng. (Ka morago ga Rawlings.)]] '''Leoto''' ( pl. : '''maoto''' ) ke sebopego sa anatomical seo se hwetšwago diphoofolong tše dintši tša marapo a mokokotlo . Ke seripa sa mafelelo sa setho seo se rwalago boima gomme e dumelela go sepela. Diphoofolong tše ntši tše di nago le maoto, leoto ke setho seripeng sa mafelelo sa leoto seo se bopilwego ka karolo e tee goba tše ntši goba marapo, ka kakaretšo go akaretša manala le/goba manala.   == Ethimolotši == Lentšu "leoto", ka kgopolo ya go bolela "karolo ya mafelelo ya leoto la phoofolo ya vertebrate" le tšwa go fot ya Seisemane sa Kgale, go tšwa go Proto-Germanic * fot (yeo gape e lego mothopo wa fot ya Old Frisian, fot ya Old Saxon, fotr ya Norse ya Kgale, fod ya Sedanishe, fot ya Seswedish, voet ya Sedache, Fuoz ya Sejeremane sa Kgale se Phagamego, Fuß ya Sejeremane, fotus ya Gothic; ka moka di bolela "foot"), ka moka ga tšona di bolela "foot"). go tšwa modung wa Proto-Indo-European *ped- "leoto"..<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Foot |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/foot#etymonline_v_11759 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012055452/http://www.etymonline.com/word/foot#etymonline_v_11759 |archive-date=12 October 2017 |access-date=20 May 2017 |website=etymonline.com |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary}}</ref> fh7031gug25ufohadpobzfvn32i0bjx 2 14089 55764 2026-09-10T07:21:42Z Zureka4 8367 ke feditse 55764 wikitext text/x-wiki Pukuntšu [[Seswantšho:Latin_dictionary.jpg|thumb|Pukuntšu]] '''Pukuntšu''' ke ye nngwe ya dipuku tše bohlokwa kudu tšeo di lego gona. Ke [[puku]] yeo e nago le mantšu ka tatelano ya [[alfabete]], gammogo le ditlhalošo tša ona, go bitšwa, mopeleto le mehlala ya ka moo o ka di šomišago. Pukuntšu e na le mohola go baithuti, barutiši, bangwadi goba mang le mang yo a nyakago go kaonafatša polelo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A brief History of Dictionaries |url=https://www.word-connection.com/blogs/a-brief-history-of-dictionaries |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=www.word-connection.com |language=en}}</ref> Maikemišetšo a magolo a pukuntšu ke go hlaloša seo se bolelwago ke mantšu. Ge re hwetša lentšu leo re sa le kwešišego, re ka le bala ka pukuntšung go hwetša seo le se bolelwago. Go fa mohlala, ge moithuti a sa tsebe seo se bolelwago, pukuntšu e ka mmotša gore o nyaka go tseba goba go ithuta se sengwe. Pukuntšu e re thuša go kwešiša seo re se balago le go se kwa. Pukuntšu le yona e thuša go kaonafatša [[mopeleto]] wa gago. Ka dinako tše dingwe re tseba lentšu eupša ga re tsebe gore re le peleta bjang ka tshwanelo. Ka go lebelela pukuntšu, re ka hwetša mopeleto wo o nepagetšego. Se se thuša kudu ge o ngwala ditlhaka, dikanegelo goba ditlhahlobo. Go tseba mopeleto wo o nepagetšego wa mantšu go re thuša go boledišana gabotse le ka boitshepho.Pukuntšu e ka re thuša gape go kaonafatša [[tlotlontšu]] ya rena. Ge re diriša pukuntšu ka mehla, re hwetša mantšu a mafsa gomme re ithuta go a diriša. Go ba le tlotlontšu ye kgolo go dira gore go be bonolo go abelana dikgopolo le maikwelo a rena. Gape go ka dira gore polelo ya rena le go ngwala e thabiše le go kgahliša. Baithuti bao ba tlwaetšego go diriša pukuntšu gantši e ba babadi le bangwadi ba kaone.<ref>{{Citation|last=Mitchell|first=Linda C.|title=Introduction|date=2026-07-20|work=The Authoritative Word|pages=1–8|url=https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003750086-1|access-date=2026-09-10|place=London|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-003-75008-6}}</ref> Ka go realo, pukuntšu ke mothopo wa bohlokwa wa tsebo. E re thuša go ithuta seo se bolelwago ke mantšu, go kaonafatša tsela yeo re e peletago le go e bolela, go godiša tlotlontšu ya rena le go bolela gabotse. Moithuti yo mongwe le yo mongwe o swanetše go tlwaetša go diriša pukuntšu kgafetšakgafetša. Le ge [[Theknolotsi|theknolotši]] e fetošitše tsela yeo re hwetšago [[tshedimošo]], pukuntšu e sa ntše e le sedirišwa se bohlokwa sa go ithuta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=words |first=All slang |date=2023-06-14 |title=The Profound Influence of the Dictionary on the English Language |url=https://medium.com/@allslangwords110/the-profound-influence-of-the-dictionary-on-the-english-language-725f251492f8 |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == evue6knyw2nho93sdaop2gnbga5z79c 55765 55764 2026-09-10T07:22:53Z Zureka4 8367 ke loketše dihlopha 55765 wikitext text/x-wiki Pukuntšu [[Seswantšho:Latin_dictionary.jpg|thumb|Pukuntšu]] '''Pukuntšu''' ke ye nngwe ya dipuku tše bohlokwa kudu tšeo di lego gona. Ke [[puku]] yeo e nago le mantšu ka tatelano ya [[alfabete]], gammogo le ditlhalošo tša ona, go bitšwa, mopeleto le mehlala ya ka moo o ka di šomišago. Pukuntšu e na le mohola go baithuti, barutiši, bangwadi goba mang le mang yo a nyakago go kaonafatša polelo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A brief History of Dictionaries |url=https://www.word-connection.com/blogs/a-brief-history-of-dictionaries |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=www.word-connection.com |language=en}}</ref> Maikemišetšo a magolo a pukuntšu ke go hlaloša seo se bolelwago ke mantšu. Ge re hwetša lentšu leo re sa le kwešišego, re ka le bala ka pukuntšung go hwetša seo le se bolelwago. Go fa mohlala, ge moithuti a sa tsebe seo se bolelwago, pukuntšu e ka mmotša gore o nyaka go tseba goba go ithuta se sengwe. Pukuntšu e re thuša go kwešiša seo re se balago le go se kwa. Pukuntšu le yona e thuša go kaonafatša [[mopeleto]] wa gago. Ka dinako tše dingwe re tseba lentšu eupša ga re tsebe gore re le peleta bjang ka tshwanelo. Ka go lebelela pukuntšu, re ka hwetša mopeleto wo o nepagetšego. Se se thuša kudu ge o ngwala ditlhaka, dikanegelo goba ditlhahlobo. Go tseba mopeleto wo o nepagetšego wa mantšu go re thuša go boledišana gabotse le ka boitshepho.Pukuntšu e ka re thuša gape go kaonafatša [[tlotlontšu]] ya rena. Ge re diriša pukuntšu ka mehla, re hwetša mantšu a mafsa gomme re ithuta go a diriša. Go ba le tlotlontšu ye kgolo go dira gore go be bonolo go abelana dikgopolo le maikwelo a rena. Gape go ka dira gore polelo ya rena le go ngwala e thabiše le go kgahliša. Baithuti bao ba tlwaetšego go diriša pukuntšu gantši e ba babadi le bangwadi ba kaone.<ref>{{Citation|last=Mitchell|first=Linda C.|title=Introduction|date=2026-07-20|work=The Authoritative Word|pages=1–8|url=https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003750086-1|access-date=2026-09-10|place=London|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-003-75008-6}}</ref> Ka go realo, pukuntšu ke mothopo wa bohlokwa wa tsebo. E re thuša go ithuta seo se bolelwago ke mantšu, go kaonafatša tsela yeo re e peletago le go e bolela, go godiša tlotlontšu ya rena le go bolela gabotse. Moithuti yo mongwe le yo mongwe o swanetše go tlwaetša go diriša pukuntšu kgafetšakgafetša. Le ge [[Theknolotsi|theknolotši]] e fetošitše tsela yeo re hwetšago [[tshedimošo]], pukuntšu e sa ntše e le sedirišwa se bohlokwa sa go ithuta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=words |first=All slang |date=2023-06-14 |title=The Profound Influence of the Dictionary on the English Language |url=https://medium.com/@allslangwords110/the-profound-influence-of-the-dictionary-on-the-english-language-725f251492f8 |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == <references /> [[Setensele:Sekolo]] e2il6w97zvs1ixjrny2crlmiywlt4pw 0 14090 55767 2026-09-10T08:26:35Z Zureka4 8367 ke feditse 55767 wikitext text/x-wiki Menala [[Seswantšho:Fingernails2.jpg|thumb|Manala]] '''Menala''' ke karolo ye nnyane eupša e bohlokwa ya [[Mmele wa ka, kgetho ya ka|mmele]] wa [[motho]]. A dula mafelelong a menwana ya rena gomme a thuša go šireletša dintlha tše di kwagalago gore di se gobatše. Le ge e le gore batho ba bantši ga ba nagane ka manala a bona, a na le mešomo ye mmalwa ya mohola gomme a ka re fa tshedimošo ka ga maphelo a rena le mekgwa ya rena.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-30 |title=What Are Fingernails Made Of and How They Grow |url=https://scienceinsights.org/what-are-fingernails-made-of-and-how-they-grow/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=ScienceInsights |language=en-US}}</ref> Ye nngwe ya mešomo ye megolo ya manala ke go šireletša menwana ya rena. Re diriša menwana ya rena go dira dilo tše dintši [[letšatši]] le letšatši, go swana le go ngwala, go apea, go šoma le go topa dilo. Manala a rena a tiile a dira gore letlalo le be le šireletšegile. Manala a rena gape a re thuša go dira mediro ye mennyane le ye e nepagetšego. Ka mohlala, di ka re thuša go hlohlona, go goga sekgomaretši goba go topa dilo tše nnyane. Go boloka manala a gago le gore a dule a hlwekile go bohlokwa. Ditšhila le [[ditwatši]] di ka iphitlha ka fase ga manala a matelele goba a ditšhila. Ge re kgoma sefahlego, [[dijo]] goba dilo tše dingwe ka diatla le manala ao a sa hlwekago, ditwatši di ka phatlalala. Go kaone go hlapa diatla ka mehla ka sesepa le [[meetse]] le go hlwekiša ka fase ga manala a gago. Go sega manala a gago ka mehla go dira gore manala a gago a hlweke le go fokotša kgonagalo ya gore a robege goba a tšhilafale.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=SuchScience |date=2023-03-02 |title=Why Do We Have Fingernails: Uncovering Their Purpose and Function – SuchScience |url=https://suchscience.net/why-do-we-have-fingernails/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> Manala a ka bonala e le karolo e nyenyane ya mebele ya rena, eupša ge e le gabotse a na le tema e bohlokwa. Di šireletša menwana ya rena, di re thuša ka mediro e menyenyane gomme di kgatha tema go bohlweki bja rena le ka moo re lebelelegago ka gona. Go hlokomela manala a rena ka go a boloka, go a sega ka mehla le go lemoga diphetogo tše di sa tlwaelegago go ka re thuša gore re dule re phetše gabotse e bile re lebelelega gabotse.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-26 |title=What Is the Purpose of Fingernails? |url=https://biologyinsights.com/what-is-the-purpose-of-fingernails/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Biology Insights |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == [[Setensele:Menwana]] dj4dqe2sp7p0b1d3oo2dnes4lzrfmr1 2 14091 55769 2026-09-10T08:33:10Z Zureka4 8367 ke dira draft 55769 wikitext text/x-wiki Menala [[Seswantšho:Fingernails2.jpg|thumb|Manala]] '''Menala''' ke karolo ye nnyane eupša e bohlokwa ya [[Mmele wa ka, kgetho ya ka|mmele]] wa [[motho]]. A dula mafelelong a menwana ya rena gomme a thuša go šireletša dintlha tše di kwagalago gore di se gobatše. Le ge e le gore batho ba bantši ga ba nagane ka manala a bona, a na le mešomo ye mmalwa ya mohola gomme a ka re fa tshedimošo ka ga maphelo a rena le mekgwa ya rena.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-30 |title=What Are Fingernails Made Of and How They Grow |url=https://scienceinsights.org/what-are-fingernails-made-of-and-how-they-grow/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=ScienceInsights |language=en-US}}</ref> Ye nngwe ya mešomo ye megolo ya manala ke go šireletša menwana ya rena. Re diriša menwana ya rena go dira dilo tše dintši [[letšatši]] le letšatši, go swana le go ngwala, go apea, go šoma le go topa dilo. Manala a rena a tiile a dira gore letlalo le be le šireletšegile. Manala a rena gape a re thuša go dira mediro ye mennyane le ye e nepagetšego. Ka mohlala, di ka re thuša go hlohlona, go goga sekgomaretši goba go topa dilo tše nnyane. Go boloka manala a gago le gore a dule a hlwekile go bohlokwa. Ditšhila le [[ditwatši]] di ka iphitlha ka fase ga manala a matelele goba a ditšhila. Ge re kgoma sefahlego, [[dijo]] goba dilo tše dingwe ka diatla le manala ao a sa hlwekago, ditwatši di ka phatlalala. Go kaone go hlapa diatla ka mehla ka sesepa le [[meetse]] le go hlwekiša ka fase ga manala a gago. Go sega manala a gago ka mehla go dira gore manala a gago a hlweke le go fokotša kgonagalo ya gore a robege goba a tšhilafale.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=SuchScience |date=2023-03-02 |title=Why Do We Have Fingernails: Uncovering Their Purpose and Function – SuchScience |url=https://suchscience.net/why-do-we-have-fingernails/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> Manala a ka bonala e le karolo e nyenyane ya mebele ya rena, eupša ge e le gabotse a na le tema e bohlokwa. Di šireletša menwana ya rena, di re thuša ka mediro e menyenyane gomme di kgatha tema go bohlweki bja rena le ka moo re lebelelegago ka gona. Go hlokomela manala a rena ka go a boloka, go a sega ka mehla le go lemoga diphetogo tše di sa tlwaelegago go ka re thuša gore re dule re phetše gabotse e bile re lebelelega gabotse.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-26 |title=What Is the Purpose of Fingernails? |url=https://biologyinsights.com/what-is-the-purpose-of-fingernails/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Biology Insights |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == avbgnd01xqxqnx38kfh10tq93db9d2w 55770 55769 2026-09-10T08:34:16Z Zureka4 8367 ke feditse 55770 wikitext text/x-wiki Menala [[Seswantšho:Fingernails2.jpg|thumb|Manala]] '''Menala''' ke karolo ye nnyane eupša e bohlokwa ya [[Mmele wa ka, kgetho ya ka|mmele]] wa [[motho]]. A dula mafelelong a menwana ya rena gomme a thuša go šireletša dintlha tše di kwagalago gore di se gobatše. Le ge e le gore batho ba bantši ga ba nagane ka manala a bona, a na le mešomo ye mmalwa ya mohola gomme a ka re fa tshedimošo ka ga maphelo a rena le mekgwa ya rena.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-30 |title=What Are Fingernails Made Of and How They Grow |url=https://scienceinsights.org/what-are-fingernails-made-of-and-how-they-grow/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=ScienceInsights |language=en-US}}</ref> Ye nngwe ya mešomo ye megolo ya manala ke go šireletša menwana ya rena. Re diriša menwana ya rena go dira dilo tše dintši [[letšatši]] le letšatši, go swana le go ngwala, go apea, go šoma le go topa dilo. Manala a rena a tiile a dira gore letlalo le be le šireletšegile. Manala a rena gape a re thuša go dira mediro ye mennyane le ye e nepagetšego. Ka mohlala, di ka re thuša go hlohlona, go goga sekgomaretši goba go topa dilo tše nnyane. Go boloka manala a gago le gore a dule a hlwekile go bohlokwa. Ditšhila le [[ditwatši]] di ka iphitlha ka fase ga manala a matelele goba a ditšhila. Ge re kgoma sefahlego, [[dijo]] goba dilo tše dingwe ka diatla le manala ao a sa hlwekago, ditwatši di ka phatlalala. Go kaone go hlapa diatla ka mehla ka sesepa le [[meetse]] le go hlwekiša ka fase ga manala a gago. Go sega manala a gago ka mehla go dira gore manala a gago a hlweke le go fokotša kgonagalo ya gore a robege goba a tšhilafale.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=SuchScience |date=2023-03-02 |title=Why Do We Have Fingernails: Uncovering Their Purpose and Function – SuchScience |url=https://suchscience.net/why-do-we-have-fingernails/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> Manala a ka bonala e le karolo e nyenyane ya mebele ya rena, eupša ge e le gabotse a na le tema e bohlokwa. Di šireletša menwana ya rena, di re thuša ka mediro e menyenyane gomme di kgatha tema go bohlweki bja rena le ka moo re lebelelegago ka gona. Go hlokomela manala a rena ka go a boloka, go a sega ka mehla le go lemoga diphetogo tše di sa tlwaelegago go ka re thuša gore re dule re phetše gabotse e bile re lebelelega gabotse.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-26 |title=What Is the Purpose of Fingernails? |url=https://biologyinsights.com/what-is-the-purpose-of-fingernails/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Biology Insights |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == <references /> [[Setensele:Menwana]] [[Setensele:Maoto]] op669qgk61t5q75a7qh0l8fudrxuv8o 2 14092 55774 2026-09-10T08:55:38Z Zureka4 8367 ke feditse 55774 wikitext text/x-wiki Ditwatši '''Ditwatši''' ke ditwatši tše nnyane tšeo di ka babjago batho, diphoofolo le dimela. Ke tše nnyane kudu go feta ditwatši gomme o ka se di bone ka microscope ya ka mehla. O ka hwetša ditwatši gohle mo go re dikologilego. Ditwatši tše dingwe di hlola malwetši a nnyane, mola tše dingwe di ka ba tše šoro kudu goba le go bea bophelo kotsing. Go ithuta ka ditwatši go bohlokwa thutamahlale le kalafo ka gobane e re thuša go tseba gore malwetši a phatlalala bjang le gore re ka a thibela bjang.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Viruses: What They Are & How They Work |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24861-virus |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260811132642/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24861-virus |archive-date=2026-08-11 |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Cleveland Clinic |language=en}}</ref> [[Seswantšho:201904 Virus.svg|thumb|Twatši]] Ditwatši ke diphelakadingwe tše nnyane, tšeo di sa phelego tšeo di sa swanelago go swana le disele tše di tlwaelegilego. Di ka fetetša diphedi tša go fapafapana, go tloga go pakteria go ya go dimela go ya go [[diphoofolo]]. Ditwatši di gona magareng ga dilo tše di phelago le tše di sa phelego. Dibaerase tše di phelago di a gola, di a tswala le go tswala, eupša ditwatši ga di dirwe ka disele, ga di na tshepedišo ya mmele, ga di gole ebile ga di kgone go arogana go swana le disele. Ditwatši di ka itirela dikopi, eupša di ithekga ka botlalo ka disele tša tšona go bopa ditwatši tše mpsha, tšeo di kgobokeditšwego ka sebopego sa tšona sa mafelelo. Ga go na motho yo a tsebago gore ditwatši di tšweletše neng le gona bjang, ka ge di sa tlogele difosile. Ditwatši tše dingwe di dumela gore ditwatši tša sebjalebjale di swana le [[patchwork]] ya dikarolwana tša esiti ya [[nucleic]] tšeo di adimilwego go tšwa methopong ya go fapafapana historing ya tšona ya tlhagelelo.Ditwatši di ile tša utollwa la mathomo ka morago ga ge borathutamahlale ba tšweleditše sefa se se kgethegilego sa porcelain—sefa sa Chamberland-Pasteur—seo se bego se ka tloša dipakteria ka moka tšeo o ka di bonago ka fase ga maekroskopo. Ka 1886, Adolph Meyer o bontšhitše gore bolwetši bja dibjalo tša motšoko, bjo bo bitšwago bolwetši bja mosaic ya motšoko, bo ka fetišetšwa go tšwa go sebjalo se se babjago go ya go se phetšego gabotse ka go diriša dintšhi tša seela go tšwa sebjalong. Ka 1892, Dmitri Ivanowski o hweditše gore bolwetši bjo bo ka phatlalatšwa le ka morago ga go sefa dipakteria ka moka ka sefa sa Chamberland-Pasteur. Go tšere mengwaga ye mentši pele batho ba lemoga gore ditwatši tše tša go fetela "tše di ka sefago" e be e se fela dipakteria tše dinyenyane, eupša e be e le mohuta o moswa ka botlalo wa dikarolwana tše nnyane tše di hlolago malwetši.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Viral Infections |url=https://medlineplus.gov/viralinfections.html |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=medlineplus.gov |publisher=National Library of Medicine}}</ref> Baerase e dirilwe ka dikarolwana tša leabela—e ka ba DNA goba RNA—ka gare ga kgopa ya tšhireletšo yeo e bitšwago capsid. Ditwatši tše dingwe le tšona di na le khupetšo ya ka ntle yeo e bitšwago envelopu. Go fapana le disele tše di phelago, ditwatši ga di kgone go itswadiša ka botšona. Di swanetše go tsena ka gare ga disele tša monggae gomme di diriše metšhene ya sele go dira ditwatši tše dingwe. Ditwatši tše mpsha di ka fetetša disele tše dingwe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quick Facts:Overview of Viral Infections |url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/quick-facts-infections/overview-of-viral-infections/overview-of-viral-infections |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Merck Manual Consumer Version |language=en-US}}</ref> Ditwatši di ka phatlalala ka ditsela tša go fapafapana. Tše dingwe di sepela moyeng ge motho yo a fetetšwego a gohlola goba a ethimola.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-09-02 |title=Virus {{!}} Definition, Structure, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/virus |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == <references /> [[Setensele:Dibaerase]] r2n1uu8dl5f93cyoq44jdqx72zzd37a 2 14093 55776 2026-09-10T09:23:39Z Kakamas14 8370 new work 55776 wikitext text/x-wiki Ketlele [[Seswantšho:Elektr choynak.jpg|thumb|435x435px|Ketlele ]] '''Ketlele''' ke sebjana se se khupeditšwego seo se nago le seswaro le spout seo se šomišwago go bela [[meetse]]. Ketlele ke sedirišwa seo se bewago setofong goba se se tsentšhwago ka gare ga sokete ya lebota go ruthetša meetse a go nwa teye, kofi, go hlapa goba go apea. Mehuta ya di ketlele e hwetšagala bjalo ka pitša ya tšhipi ya setšo ya godimo ga setofo goba ketlele ya mohlagase ya sebjalebjale yeo e nago le tšobotsi ya go tima ka go itiriša.<ref>{{Cite web |title=what is a kettle? |url=https://www.bing.com/search?FORM=J244DF&PC=J244&q=what+is+a+kettle? |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Bing |language=en}}</ref> Ketlele ya sebjalebjale ya godimo ga setofo ke pitša ya tšhipi yeo e nago le fase ye e phagamego yeo e šomišwago go ruthetša meetse ka setofong. Ka tlwaelo di na le seširo ka godimo, setofo le seširo. Tše dingwe di na le leswika le lennyane leo le go tsebišago ge meetse a bediša. Ka tlwaelo diketlele di dirilwe ka tšhipi ye e sego ya selo, eupša o ka di hwetša gape ka koporo goba ditshipi tše dingwe.  Diketlele tša mohlagase O ka diriša gape diketlele tša mohlagase go bediša meetse ntle le setofo. Ka tlwaelo ketlele ya [[mohlagase]] e tswaletšwe ka botlalo gomme e na le kelo ya maatla a 2-3 kW. Se se ra gore ketlele ya mohlagase e ka goga go fihla go 13 amps ya bjale, yeo e lego ye nnyane kudu ge go lebeletšwe gore dintlo tše dintši di na le difuse tše kgolo tša magareng ga 20 le 100 amps. Go tšea metsotso ye 2 le metsotswana ye 3 go bediša meetse ka ketlele ya mohlagase. Diketlele tša sebjalebjale di na le sebopego seo se di timago ka boitirišo ge meetse a fihla mo karolong ya go bela le go thibela meetse gore a se ke a ruthela le go senya dilo tše di fišago.<ref>{{Citation|title=Kettle|date=2026-09-08|work=Wikipedia|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kettle&oldid=1373853326|access-date=2026-09-10|language=en}}</ref> Gantši ketlele e na le Sekhurumelo se tswalela karolo ya ka gare moo meetse a lego gona. Sebjana sa meetse ke moo meetse a tsenywago gona. Setshwaro se thuša motho go swara le go kuka ketlele ka polokego. Molomo wa ketlele o thuša go tšholla meetse. Karolo ya go fiša e fiša meetse ge ketlele e šomiša mohlagase. Thapo ya mohlagase goba motheo wa motlakase o thuša ketlele go hwetša mohlagase. Diketlele tša tee di diretšwe go dira gore teye e be bonolo. Di ka dira mehuta ya go fapana ya teye ntle le go hloka tše ntši go tšwa go wena. Ge o di beakanyeditše, di ruthetša meetse ka [[themperetšha]] ya maleba ya teye yeo, ba oketša teye gomme ba e dumelela go tsenelela nako ya maleba. Teye ya go fapana e nyaka dithemperetšha tša go fapana gore e be le tatso ye kaone. Ka tlwaelo, di tla lla ge teye ya gago e loketše gomme di e boloke e le borutho ka morago ga ge e dirilwe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=OpenAI |title=ChatGPT |url=https://chatgpt.com/c/6aa2519c-3e40-83ea-9cdc-eef52a27dc1c |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=ChatGPT}}</ref> Ka boripana, Ketlele ke sedirišwa sa go fiša le go bediša meetse ka pela, gomme gantši se šomiša mohlagase. Go hlokomela ketlele ya gago gabotse ke senotlolo sa go e boloka e šoma gabotse lebaka le letelele. Kgonthiša gore o e tloša [[kgafetšakgafetša]], kudukudu ge o na le meetse a tiilego, go efoga go kgobokana ga diminerale tšeo di ka šitišago phišo. Hlwekiša ka gare le ka ntle ka didirišwa tša maleba go e boloka e bonala gabotse le go šoma gabotse. Ka mehla lekola ditaelo tša motšweletši go hwetša keletšo efe goba efe ya tlhokomelo ya maleba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-27 |title=What is: Kettle |url=https://holistichealthpathways.com/glossario/what-is-kettle-a-comprehensive-guide/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Holistic Health Pathways |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == [[Setensele:Mohlagase]] [[Setensele:Meetse]] 0gzezu61462su11gahm1wafth737mun 0 14094 55777 2026-09-10T09:24:38Z Kakamas14 8370 new article 55777 wikitext text/x-wiki Ketlele [[Seswantšho:Elektr_choynak.jpg|thumb|435x435px|Ketlele]] '''Ketlele''' ke sebjana se se khupeditšwego seo se nago le seswaro le spout seo se šomišwago go bela [[meetse]]. Ketlele ke sedirišwa seo se bewago setofong goba se se tsentšhwago ka gare ga sokete ya lebota go ruthetša meetse a go nwa teye, kofi, go hlapa goba go apea. Mehuta ya di ketlele e hwetšagala bjalo ka pitša ya tšhipi ya setšo ya godimo ga setofo goba ketlele ya mohlagase ya sebjalebjale yeo e nago le tšobotsi ya go tima ka go itiriša.<ref>{{Cite web |title=what is a kettle? |url=https://www.bing.com/search?FORM=J244DF&PC=J244&q=what+is+a+kettle? |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Bing |language=en}}</ref> Ketlele ya sebjalebjale ya godimo ga setofo ke pitša ya tšhipi yeo e nago le fase ye e phagamego yeo e šomišwago go ruthetša meetse ka setofong. Ka tlwaelo di na le seširo ka godimo, setofo le seširo. Tše dingwe di na le leswika le lennyane leo le go tsebišago ge meetse a bediša. Ka tlwaelo diketlele di dirilwe ka tšhipi ye e sego ya selo, eupša o ka di hwetša gape ka koporo goba ditshipi tše dingwe.  Diketlele tša mohlagase O ka diriša gape diketlele tša mohlagase go bediša meetse ntle le setofo. Ka tlwaelo ketlele ya [[mohlagase]] e tswaletšwe ka botlalo gomme e na le kelo ya maatla a 2-3 kW. Se se ra gore ketlele ya mohlagase e ka goga go fihla go 13 amps ya bjale, yeo e lego ye nnyane kudu ge go lebeletšwe gore dintlo tše dintši di na le difuse tše kgolo tša magareng ga 20 le 100 amps. Go tšea metsotso ye 2 le metsotswana ye 3 go bediša meetse ka ketlele ya mohlagase. Diketlele tša sebjalebjale di na le sebopego seo se di timago ka boitirišo ge meetse a fihla mo karolong ya go bela le go thibela meetse gore a se ke a ruthela le go senya dilo tše di fišago.<ref>{{Citation|title=Kettle|date=2026-09-08|work=Wikipedia|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kettle&oldid=1373853326|access-date=2026-09-10|language=en}}</ref> Gantši ketlele e na le Sekhurumelo se tswalela karolo ya ka gare moo meetse a lego gona. Sebjana sa meetse ke moo meetse a tsenywago gona. Setshwaro se thuša motho go swara le go kuka ketlele ka polokego. Molomo wa ketlele o thuša go tšholla meetse. Karolo ya go fiša e fiša meetse ge ketlele e šomiša mohlagase. Thapo ya mohlagase goba motheo wa motlakase o thuša ketlele go hwetša mohlagase. Diketlele tša tee di diretšwe go dira gore teye e be bonolo. Di ka dira mehuta ya go fapana ya teye ntle le go hloka tše ntši go tšwa go wena. Ge o di beakanyeditše, di ruthetša meetse ka [[themperetšha]] ya maleba ya teye yeo, ba oketša teye gomme ba e dumelela go tsenelela nako ya maleba. Teye ya go fapana e nyaka dithemperetšha tša go fapana gore e be le tatso ye kaone. Ka tlwaelo, di tla lla ge teye ya gago e loketše gomme di e boloke e le borutho ka morago ga ge e dirilwe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=OpenAI |title=ChatGPT |url=https://chatgpt.com/c/6aa2519c-3e40-83ea-9cdc-eef52a27dc1c |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=ChatGPT}}</ref> Ka boripana, Ketlele ke sedirišwa sa go fiša le go bediša meetse ka pela, gomme gantši se šomiša mohlagase. Go hlokomela ketlele ya gago gabotse ke senotlolo sa go e boloka e šoma gabotse lebaka le letelele. Kgonthiša gore o e tloša [[kgafetšakgafetša]], kudukudu ge o na le meetse a tiilego, go efoga go kgobokana ga diminerale tšeo di ka šitišago phišo. Hlwekiša ka gare le ka ntle ka didirišwa tša maleba go e boloka e bonala gabotse le go šoma gabotse. Ka mehla lekola ditaelo tša motšweletši go hwetša keletšo efe goba efe ya tlhokomelo ya maleba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-27 |title=What is: Kettle |url=https://holistichealthpathways.com/glossario/what-is-kettle-a-comprehensive-guide/ |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=Holistic Health Pathways |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == 67i0btidhpplacw0ya6275hqxchf6fj 3 14095 55782 2026-09-10T11:50:20Z Oneofwun26 8364 Kasi football a sport that is played in the township 55782 wikitext text/x-wiki Kasi football Kgwele ya maoto ya Kasi ke mokgwa wo o phelago, wo o sego wa semmušo wa kgwele ya maoto ya setarateng le ya ditoropong ka Afrika Borwa wo o hlalošwago ke go sepela ka dikepe tša bokgoni bjo bo phagamego, mošomo wa maoto wo o raraganego, le boithabišo bja maano. Tšwago le Setšo Medu ya toropo: Polelo ya "Kasi" e ra baagišani goba toropo ka slang ya selegae. Mokgwa wo wa go bapala o gotše ditšhabeng tša maemo a bašomi a Afrika Borwa bjalo ka mokgwa wa go bontšha setšo, go kgotlelela, le go bušetša sebaka sa boiketlo. Bokgabo go feta mokgwa wa ka mehla: Dipapadi di šoma kudu go swana le bokgabo bja go diragatša goba go tantsha go feta ditlwaetšo tše di tiilego tša maano, moo go nyenyefatša moganetši ka bokgoni go lego bohlokwa go fo swana le go swara dintlha. Kasi Flava: E tumile ka go sepela go swana le go gata godimo ga kgwele, go dira "shibobo" (go puckering goba nutmegging moganetši), go lekalekanya goba go ema godimo ga kgwele, le go tšhošetša monaganong. Diphadišano: Diphadišano tša metheo tše bjalo ka Sebjana sa Red Bull Kasi le dipapadi tša kasi tša lefelong leo di na le melao ya moswananoši—e bjalo ka go nyaka gore sebapadi se dule pankeng ka metsotso e mehlano ge e ba se tlaišwa ke shibobo—e tliša mašaba a magolo a setšhaba le boithabišo. Gape go na le tša go swana le phadišano ya dipapadi ya Philly's Games yeo e swarwago ditoropong ka moka tša Gauteng le Limpopo, go swana le Soweto, Tembisa, Soshanguve le tše dingwe tše ntši, tšeo le tšona di gašwago thelebišeneng. Ke ye nngwe ya dithonamente tše kgolo tša kgwele ya maoto tša kasi tšeo di kopanyago dihlopha tša ka godimo ga tše 32 tša selegae go tšwa ditoropong tše di fapanego. Kgahlamelo ya leago: Ka ntle ga boithabišo, dithonamente tša kgwele ya maoto tša ditoropong le mananeo a metheo di šoma bjalo ka megala ya bophelo ye bohlokwa go boloka bafsa kgole le malwetši a leago le go epolla talente ye e utilwego. E bile e kopanya batho ba toropo ka dipapadi rivarly le go ipshina. geyt3xxbeyetix5953zm3y2alk830pc