Wikipedia nywiki https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsamba_Lalikulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1892 72021 71940 2026-10-20T17:19:42Z NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh 8023 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]] ([[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]] 52506 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chichewa''', (Chicheŵa mu chilankhulo cha ku [[Malaŵi]], chomwe chimatchulidwanso kuti [[Chinyanja]]) ndi [[chilankhulo]] cha anthu a chi [[Bantu]] ndipo chimalankhulidwa kwambiri kummwela kwa dziko la [[Malawi]], ndi kumvuma kwa dziko la [[Zambia]]. Mau oyamba okuti Chi- amene amalembedwanso kuti '''Ci-''' amatanthauza “mokhala ngati”, motero liu loti Chichewa limatanthauza “mokhala ngati Achewa”, choncho chilankhulochi chimadziwikanso ndi maina okuti Chewa kapena [[Nyanja]]. [[Chingoni]] ([[Ngoni]]) ndi [[Chikunda]] ([[Kunda]]) ndi kalankhulidwe kena ka chilankhulochi. Ena mwa ma Liu a mchichewa afanananso ndi [[Shona]], [[isizulu]] ndebele komanso Isixhosa. == Kufala kwa Chilankhulochi == Chichewa ndi chimodzi mwa zilankhulo ziwiri zovomelezeka za [[dziko la Malawi]] (chilankhulo chinacho ndi [[Chingerezi]]), ndipo Chinyanja ndi chimodzi cha zilankhulo zisanu ndi ziwiri za [[dziko]] la [[Zambia]], kumene chimalankhulidwa kwambiri kumvuma kwa dzikoli. Chichewa chimalankhulidwanso ku [[Mozambique]], Maka maka mdera la [[Tete]] ndi [[Niassa]] ndiponso ku [[Zimbabwe]] kumene, malinga ndi kafukufuku, ndi chilankhulo chachitatu pa zilankhulo zonse za dzikolo, pambuyo pa [[Chishona]] ndi [[Chindebele]]. Maiko a [[Malawi]], [[Zambia]] ndi [[Mozambique]] ndi kumene chilankhulochi chimayankhulidwa kwambiri. [[Baibulo]] ndi [[Khorani]] anatanthauziridwa mu Chichewa. <gallery mode="packed"> WIKITONGUES- Chabota speaking Nyanja.webm WIKITONUGES- Timothy speaking Chi-Chewa.webm </gallery> ==Zitsanzo zazitsanzo== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Chingerezi!! Chewa (Malawi)<ref>Paas (2016).</ref>!! Town Nyanja (Lusaka)<ref>Mitu ya Grey et al. (2013).</ref> |- | How are you? || Muli bwanji? || Muli bwanji? |- | I'm fine || Ndili bwino || Nili bwino / Niliche mushe |- | Thank you || Zikomo || Zikomo |- | Yes || Inde || Ee |- | No || Iyayi/Ayi || Iyayi |- | What's your name? || Dzina lanu ndani?<ref>Maxson (2011), p. 112.</ref> || Zina yanu ndimwe bandani? |- | My name is... || Dzina langa ndine... || Zina yanga ndine... |- | How many children do you have? || Muli ndi ana angati? || Muli na bana bangati? |- | I have two children || Ndili ndi ana awiri || Nili na bana babili |- | I want... || Ndikufuna... || Nifuna... |- | Food || Chakudya || Vakudya |- | Water || Madzi || Manzi |- | How much is it? || Ndi zingati? || Ni zingati? |- | See you tomorrow || Tionana mawa || Tizaonana mailo |- |I love you |Ndimakukonda |Nikukonda |} == Mbiri == Chichewa chinayambira ku ufumu wa [[Amaravi]], umene unali wotchuka pa zaka za pakati pa 1500 ndi 1800. Ufumuwu unali ku Malawi, Zambia ndi Mozambique. Chilankhulochi chinakhalabe chotchuka ngakhale Angoni anagwetsa ufumu wa chi Maraviwo ndipo chinabvomerezedwa ndi ofalitsa uthenga wa [[Chikhristu]] pachiyambi pa [[chitsamunda.]] Ku Zambia, chilankhulochi chimatchuka ndi dzina lakuti [[Chinyanja]], lomwe limatanthauza “chilankhulo cha Anyanja”, ndipo chimalankhulidwa ndi anthu a Chingoni ndi Chikunda. Mbali la [[Baibulo]] linatanthauziridwa mu chilankhulochi mu zaka za m’ma 1900. ==Zolemba== {{reflist|30em}} [[Category:Chilankhulo]] [[Category:Nyasa zinenero]] [[Category:Zinenero za Malawi]] [[Category:Zinenero za Mozambique]] [[Category:Zinenero za Zambia]] [[Category:Zinenero za Zimbabwe]] [[Category:Chichewa| ]] [[Category:Zambia]] oni12i159mh5xm1ybmzlno9i2f7ndbf 0 3487 72019 71943 2026-10-20T17:19:39Z NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh 8023 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]] ([[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]] 49955 wikitext text/x-wiki Chilankhulo cha '''Chilidenevi''' (chilidenevi: ''lydnevi'').<ref>SZTEMON, Libor (2002). ''Lydnevi''. Archive.org: &lt;https://web.archive.org/web/20091002215506/http://ls78.sweb.cz/lydnevi.htm%26gt;</ref><ref>BERGER, Tilman (2004). [http://www.slovio.com/linkis/BergerPlansprachen.pdf "Vom Erfinden slavischer Sprachen"], in REHDER, P., OKUKA, M., & SCHWEIER, U. ''Germano-slavistische Beiträge: Festschrift für Peter Rehder zum 65. Geburtstag'', München: O. Sagner. ISBN 978-3-87690-874-8.</ref><ref>СИДОРОВАА, Марина Юрьевна, и ШУВАЛОВА, Оксана Николаевна (2006). [http://www.philol.msu.ru/~sidorova/files/conlangs.pdf ''Интернет-лингвистика: Вымышленные языки''], Москва: Издательство «1989.ру». ISBN 5-98789-005-5.</ref><ref>STECOVÁ, Adriána (2010). [http://www.pulib.sk/elpub2/FF/Chovanec1/pdf_doc/58.pdf "Umelé jazyky ako fenomén ľudskej komunikácie"], in SIPKO Jozef, CHOVANEC Marek, HARČARIKOVÁ Gabriela (eds.), ''5. Študentská vedecká konferencia'', Prešov: Prešovská univerzita v Prešove. ISBN 978-80-555-0169-7.</ref><ref>BLANC, Joan Francés, ed. (2010). [http://edicions.talvera.free.fr/bastidas/Joan%20Franc%e9s%20BLANC.%20Las%20lengas%20de%20Libor%20Sztemon%202%20Sorgas%20-%20Jazyky%20Libora%20Sztemone%202%20Pr%e1meny%20%20-%20Libor%20Sztemon%27s%20Conlangs%202%20Sources.pdf ''Las lengas de Libor Sztemon 2: Sorgas - Jazyky Libora Sztemone 2: Prámeny - Libor Sztemon's Conlangs 2: Sources''], Vert-Saint-Denis, Edicions Talvera. ISBN 979-10-90696-00-6.</ref><ref>VAN STEENBERGEN, Jan (2011). [http://conference.conlang.org/lcc4/speakers/jvslcc4.pdf "Towards a unified slavic language"], ''Fourth Language Creation Conference'', Groningen.</ref><ref>MEYER, Anna-Maria (2012): [https://www.academia.edu/6456012/Slavische_Plansprachen_auf_dem_Weg_ins_21._Jahrhundert_preprint_ "Slavische Plansprachen auf dem Weg ins 21. Jahrhundert."] Erscheint im Sammelband zur Konferenz junger SlavistInnen junOST in Basel, 26.-28.4.2012.</ref> == Umboni == [[Category:Chilankhulo]] bdaen7tgidzx9tofniam4pfqi6zq4ov 0 6989 72018 71942 2026-10-20T17:19:36Z NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh 8023 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]] ([[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] 52755 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chinterligue''' (''Interlingue''), yomwe kale inali ''Occidental'', ndi chilankhulo chothandizira padziko lonse lapansi chopangidwa ndi [[Edgar de Wahl]] ndipo chinasindikizidwa mu 1922. Interlingue ndiye chilankhulo chosavuta kuphunzira chifukwa cha chilankhulo chocheperako komanso chokhazikika, komanso mapangidwe ake apadziko lonse lapansi. == Zolemba == Zolemba zazikulu mu chinterlingue zidawonekera ku ''[[Cosmoglotta]]''. Panalinso mabuku ena, oyambirira ndi omasuliridwa, ofalitsidwa mu Interlingue. Zina mwa ntchito ku Interlingue ndi: * Kajš, Jan Amos (1938) ''Krasina, raconta del subterrania del Moravian carst''. * Podobský, Jaroslav (1935/1947) ''Li astres del Verne''. * Costalago, Vicente (2021) ''Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas''<ref>[https://www.lulu.com/en/en/shop/vicente-costalago-v%C3%A1zquez/li-sercha-in-li-castelle-dewahl-e-altri-racontas/paperback/product-4gj9w8.html?page=1&pageSize=4 Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas]</ref>. * Costalago, Vicente (2021) ''Antologie hispan''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Antologie hispan |url=https://www.lulu.com/en/en/shop/vicente-costalago-v%C3%A1zquez/antologie-hispan/paperback/product-pmknpz.html?page=1&pageSize=4 |access-date=2022-01-23 |archive-date=2022-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409004527/https://www.lulu.com/en/en/shop/vicente-costalago-v%C3%A1zquez/antologie-hispan/paperback/product-pmknpz.html?page=1&pageSize=4 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. * Costalago, Vicente (2021) ''Fabules, racontas e mites''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fabules, racontas e mites |url=https://www.lulu.com/en/en/shop/vicente-costalago-v%C3%A1zquez/fabules-contes-e-mites/paperback/product-4g6ezk.html?page=1&pageSize=4 |access-date=2022-01-23 |archive-date=2022-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409004527/https://www.lulu.com/en/en/shop/vicente-costalago-v%C3%A1zquez/fabules-contes-e-mites/paperback/product-4g6ezk.html?page=1&pageSize=4 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Maumboni == <references/> [[Category:Chinterligue]] [[Category:Chilankhulo]] akj5if7lbhjil72bfyp5o8zuk3fr15m 0 7948 72020 71941 2026-10-20T17:19:40Z NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh 8023 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]] ([[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:200.24.154.85|200.24.154.85]] 59746 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chitumbuka''' ndi [[Chinenero cha Bantu|Chiyankhulo chachi Bantu]] chomwe chimalankhulidwa ku [[Malawi]], [[Zambia]], ndi [[Tanzania]].<ref name="Michigan" >[https://web.archive.org/web/20151123103050/http://africa.isp.msu.edu/afrlang/Tumbuka_root.html Michigan State University African Studies Center information page].</ref> Chimadziwikanso kuti {{lang|tum|Chitumbuka}} kapena {{ lang|tum|Citumbuka}} — mawu akuti ''chi-'' kutsogolo kwa ''Tumbuka'' amatanthauza "m'njira ya", ndipo pankhaniyi amatanthauza "chilankhulo cha [[anthu a Tumbuka]]". Chitumbuka chili m’gulu la chinenero chimodzi ([[Guthrie classification of Bantu languages#Zone N|Guthrie Zone N]]) monga [[Chiyankhulo cha Chewa|Chewa]] ndi [[chinenero cha Sena|Sena]].<ref>Kiso (2012), pp.21ff.</ref> Bungwe la World Almanac (1998) likuyerekeza kuti pali anthu pafupifupi 2,000,000 (mu chaka cha 1998) olankhula Chitumbuka, ngakhale magwero ena amati ndi ochepa kwambiri. Anthu ambiri olankhula Chitumbuka amati amakhala ku Malawi.<ref name=Michigan /> Chitumbuka ndi zinenero zomwe zimalankhulidwa kwambiri ku Northern Malawi, makamaka ku [[Rumphi]], [[Mzuzu]], ndi [[Maboma a Mzimba]]. Panopa ChiTumbuka chili ndi anthu oposa 8 miliyoni.<ref>University of Malawi (2006) Language Mapping Survey for Northern Malawi.</ref> Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Chitumbuka chomwe chimalankhulidwa m'matauni a Malawi (omwe amabwereka mawu kuchokera ku [[Swahili language|Swahili]] ndi [[Chiyankhulo cha Chewa|Chewa]]) ndi "mudzi" kapena "zakuya" Tumbuka m’midzi. Mtundu wa [[Rumphi]] nthawi zambiri umadziwika kuti ndi "chilankhulo choyera", ndipo nthawi zina amatchedwa "Tumbuka weniweni".<ref>Kamwendo (2004), p.282.</ref> Chiyankhulo cha [[Mzimba]] wakhala akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi [[Zulu language|Zulu]] (chiNgoni),<ref>University of Malawi (2006), p.27.</ref> even so far as to have [[click consonant|clicks]] mawu ngati {{lang|tum|chitha}} {{IPA-xx|ʇʰitʰa|}} "kodza", omwe samapezeka m'zilankhulo zina. M'mbiri yonse ya dziko la Malawi Chitumbuka ndi Achewa nthawi zina zakhala zilankhulo zomwe akuluakulu aboma amagwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, chilankhulo cha Chitumbuka chinavutika kwambiri muulamuliro wa Pulezidenti [[Hastings Banda|Hastings Kamuzu Banda]], chifukwa mu 1968 chifukwa cha mfundo ya dziko limodzi lokhala ndi chinenero chimodzi chinasiya kukhala chinenero chovomerezeka m’Malawi. Izi zinachititsa kuti a Tumbuka achotsedwe pa maphunziro a sukulu, wailesi ya dziko lonse, ndi ma print media. zinayambikanso pawailesi, koma chiwerengero cha mabuku ndi zofalitsa zina m’Chitumbuka chidakali chochepa.<ref>Onani Kafukufuku wa Mapu a Zinenero ku Northern Malawi (2006), tsamba 38-40 kuti mupeze mndandanda wa zofalitsa.</ref> ==Malemba== [[File:WIKITONGUES-Temwa Speaking Tumbuka - free to use file under Wikipedia policies.webm|left|thumb|342x342px|Temwa kuyankhula Chitumbuka]] Njira ziwiri zolembera Chitumbuka zikugwiritsidwa ntchito: kalembedwe kakale (kagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachitsanzo mu Wikipedia ya Chitumbuka ndi m’nyuzipepala ya {{lang|tum|Fuko}}), mmene mawu monga {{lang|tum|banthu}} 'people' ndi {{lang|tum|chaka}} 'year' alembedwa ndi 'b' ndi 'ch', komanso kalembedwe katsopano ka boma (kogwiritsidwa ntchito mwachitsanzo mu mtanthauzira mawu wa Citumbuka wofalitsidwa pa intaneti ndi Center for Language Studies ndi m’Baibulo la pa intaneti), m’mene mawu ofananawo amalembedwa ndi ‘mira’ ndi ‘c’, mwachitsanzo. ''ŵanthu'' and ''caka''. (Phokoso la ndi lozungulira kwambiri [w] limatchulidwa ndi lilime moyandikira-i.)<ref>Atkins, Guy (1950) [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1156786 "Maganizo for an Amended Spelling and Word Division of Nyanja"] ''Africa: Journal of the International African Institute'', Vol. 20, No. 3, p.205.</ref> Pali kusatsimikizika kwina komwe mungalembe 'r' ndi kuti 'l', mwachitsanzo. {{lang|tum|cakulya}} (Dictionary) or {{lang|tum|cakurya}} (Bible) 'food'. (Kwenikweni [l] ndi [r] ali [[maalofoni]] ofanana [[phoneme]].) Pali kukayikiranso pakati pa kalembedwe 'sk' ndi 'sy' (onse {{lang|tum|miskombe}}) ndi </nowiki>{{lang|tum|misyombe}} ('nsungwi') akupezeka mu dikishonale ya Citumbuka).<ref>Onani zolembedwa {{lang|tum|citatanga}}, {{lang|tum|cidunga}}, {{lang|tum|cihengo}}.</ref> ==Malembo ake== ===Mavawelo=== Mavawelo omwewo {{IPA|/a/}}, {{IPA|/ɛ/}}, {{IPA|/i/}}, {{IPA|/ɔ/}}, {{IPA|/u/}} ndi syllabic {{IPA|/m̩/}} amapezeka m'Chitumbuka monga m'chinenero choyandikana nawo [[Chiyankhulo cha Chewa|Chewa]].<ref>Vail (1972), p. 1.</ref> [[File:Monile.ogg|thumb|Tumbuka moni "Monile" kutanthauza "Moni".]] ===Makonsonati=== Makonsonanti a Chitumbuka amafanananso ndi a [[Chichewa|Chewa]] oyandikana nawo, koma amasiyana. Mawu osalekeza akuti {{IPA|/ɣ/}}, {{IPA|/β/}} ndi {{IPA|/h/}}, omwe palibe kapena m'mphepete mwa Chewa, amapezeka m'Chitumbuka. Zinanso zodziwika bwino ndi mawu omveka {{IPA|/vʲ/}}, {{IPA|/fʲ/}}, {{IPA|/bʲ/}}, {{IPA|/pʲ/}}, {{IPA| /skʲ/}}, {{IPA|/zgʲ/}}, ndi {{IPA|/ɽʲ/}}. M’Chitumbuka mulibe ma affricates monga Chichewa {{IPA|/psʲ/}}, {{IPA|/bzʲ/}}, {{IPA|/t͡s/}}, {{IPA|/d͡z/}}. Maphokoso a {{IPA|/s/}} ndi {{IPA|/z/}} samachotsedwa m'mphuno m'Chitumbuka, kotero kuti Chewa rds a Tumbuka; mwachitsanzo Low ({{lang|tum|yoyoyo}} 'disintegrating into small pieces'), High ({{lang|tum|fyá:}} 'swooping low (of birds)'), High-Low ({{lang |tum|phúli}} 'kuphulika kwa chinthu'), ndi Kutsika Kwambiri ({{lang|tum|yií}} 'kutayika mwadzidzidzi'), etc.<ref>Moto (1999), pp.112-120. </ref> Ku Tumbuka kumagwiritsanso ntchito malankhulidwe amitundumitundu; mwachitsanzo, mu mafunso inde-ayi nthawi zambiri pamakhala kugwa Kwapamwamba-Kutsika pa syllable yomaliza ya funso:<ref>Downing (2008), p.55.</ref> *{{lang|tum|ku-limirâ-so ngô:mâ?}} 'kodi inunso mukupalira chimanga?' Zikuoneka kuti palibe kugwirizana kulikonse pakati pa kamvekedwe ka mawu mu Chitumbuka ndi [[Focus (linguistics)|focus]].<ref>Downing (2012), p.129.</ref> ==Maina== ===Maphunziro a mayina=== Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi zilankhulo za Chibantu, mayina a Chitumbuka amagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana a mayina malinga ndi mawu amodzi komanso ambiri. Gulu lirilonse la nauni liri ndi adjective, pronoun, ndi ma verb mapangano, omwe amadziwika kuti 'concords'. Kumene mapanganowo sakugwirizana ndi mawu oyamba, mapanganowo amakhala patsogolo posankha gulu la nauni. Mwachitsanzo, dzina lakuti {{lang|tum|katundu}} 'possessions', ngakhale lili ndi mawu oyamba ''ka-'', limayikidwa m'kalasi 1, popeza wina amati {{lang|tum|katundu uyu}} 'awa katundu' pogwiritsa ntchito chiwonetsero cha kalasi 1 {{lang|tum|uyu}}. Amalawi eni ake (monga mu dikishonale ya Citumbuka ya University of Malawi) amatchula mayina a mayina ndi mayina achikhalidwe monga "Mu-lina-"; Akatswiri a Bantu, komabe, amatchula makalasi ndi manambala (1/2 etc.) zogwirizana ndi mayina a zilankhulo zina za Bantu. Nthawi zina manauni sagwirizana ndi makalasi pansipa, mwachitsanzo. {{lang|tum|fumu}} 'chief' (class 9) mosakhazikika amakhala ndi mawu ambiri ''mafumu'' m'kalasi 6. '''Class 1/2 (Mu-lina-)''' Maina ena m'kalasi ili alibe chiyambi Mu-: *{{lang|tum|Munthu}} pl. {{lang|tum|banthu (banthu)}} = munthu *{{lang|tum|Muzungu}} pl. {{lang|tum|bazungu (bazungu)}} = mlendo, mzungu *{{lang|tum|Mwana}} pl. {{lang|tum|ŵana (bana)}} = mwana *{{lang|tum|Bulu}} pl. {{lang|tum|babulu}} = bulu *{{lang|tum|Sibweni}} pl. {{lang|tum|basibweni}} = amalume a amayi *{{lang|tum|Katundu}} (no pl.) = katundu, katundu ''Class 3/4 (Mu-Mi-)'' *{{lang|tum|Mutu}} pl. {{lang|tum|mitu}} = mutu *{{lang|tum|Mkuyu}} pl. {{lang|tum|mikuyu}} = mkuyu *{{lang|tum|Moyo}} pl. {{lang|tum|miyoyo}} = moyo *{{lang|tum|Mtima}} pl. {{lang|tum|mitima}} = mtima '''Class 5/6 (Li-Ma-)''' *{{lang|tum|Bele (bhele}} pl. {{lang|tum|mabele (mabhele)}} = bere *{{lang|tum|Boma (bhoma)}} pl. {{lang|tum|maboma (mabhoma)}} = boma, boma *{{lang|tum|Botolo (bhotolo)}} pl. {{lang|tum|mabotolo (mabhotolo)}} = botolo *{{lang|tum|Fuko}} pl. {{lang|tum|mafuko}} = fuko, fuko *{{lang|tum|Jiso}} pl. {{lang|tum|maso}} = diso *{{lang|tum|Maji}} (palibe umodzi) = madzi *{{lang|tum|Phiri}} pl. {{lang|tum|mapiri}} = phiri *{{lang|tum|Suzgo}} pl. {{lang|tum|masuzgo}} = vuto, vuto *{{lang|tum|Woko}} pl. {{lang|tum|mawoko}} = dzanja '''Class 7/8 (Ci-Vi-)''' *{{lang|tum|Caka (chaka)}} pl. {{lang|tum|vyaka}} = chaka *{{lang|tum|Caro (charo)}} pl. {{lang|tum|vyaro}} = dziko, dziko *{{lang|tum|Cigawoto (chibeto)}} pl. {{lang|tum|viseto (vibeto)}} = farm animal *{{lang|tum|Cidakwa (chidakwa)}} pl. {{lang|tum|vidakwa}} = woledzera *{{lang|tum|Cikoti (chikoti)}} pl. {{lang|tum|vikoti}} = chikwapu '''Class 9/10 (Yi-Zi-)''' *{{lang|tum|Mbale}} pl. {{lang|tum|mbale (mambale)}} = plate *{{lang|tum|Ndalama}} pl. {{lang|tum|ndalama}} = ndalama *{{lang|tum|Njelwa}} pl. {{lang|tum|njelwa}} = njerwa *{{lang|tum|Nkhuku}} pl. {{lang|tum|nkuku}} = nkhuku *{{lang|tum|Somba}} pl. {{lang|tum|somba}} = nsomba ''Class 11 (Lu-)'' Okamba ena amaona mawu m’kalasili ngati kuti ali m’kalasi 5/6.<ref>Shiozaki (2004).</ref> *{{lang|tum|Lwande}} = mbali *{{lang|tum|Lumbiri}} = kutchuka *{{lang|tum|Lulimi}} = lilime ''Class 12/13 (Ka-Tu-)'' *{{lang|tum|Kanthu (kantu)}} pl. {{lang|tum|tunthu (tuntu)}} = chinthu chaching'ono *{{lang|tum|Kamwana}} pl. {{lang|tum|tubalana (tubana)}} = mwana *{{lang|tum|Kayuni}} pl. {{lang|tum|tuyuni}} = mbalame *{{lang|tum|Tulo}} (no singular) = kugona ''Class 14/6 (U-Ma-)'' Mainawa nthawi zambiri amakhala osamveka ndipo alibe zambiri. *{{lang|tum|Usiku}} = usiku *{{lang|tum|Ulimi}} = ulimi *{{lang|tum|Ulalo}} pl. {{lang|tum|maulalo}} = bridge *{{lang|tum|Uta}} pl. {{lang|tum|mauta}} = uta ''Class 15 (Ku-) Infinitive'' *{{lang|tum|Kugula}} = kugula, kugula *{{lang|tum|Kwiba (kwibha)}} = kuba, kuba ''Makalasi 16, 17, 18 (Pa-, Ku-, Mu-) Locative'' *{{lang|tum|Pasi}} = underneath *{{lang|tum|Kunthazi (kuntazi)}} = in front, before *{{lang|tum|Mukati}} = inside ===Concords=== Maverebu, ma adjectives, manambala, ziyeneretso, ndi matchulidwe mu Chitumbuka ayenera kugwirizana ndi dzina lomwe likutchulidwa. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma prefixes, infixes, kapena suffixes zotchedwa 'concords' zomwe zimasiyana malinga ndi gulu la nauni. Kalasi 1 ili ndi ma concords osiyanasiyana, osiyana pa matchulidwe, mawu oyamba, chinthu, manambala, adjectives, ndi zotengera:<ref>Chase (2004).</ref><ref>Shiozaki (2004)</ref><ref>Vail (1971)</ref> *{{lang|tum|Mwana u'''yu'''}} = mwana uyu *{{lang|tum|Mwana '''yu'''moza}} = one child *{{lang|tum|Mwana u'''yo'''}} = that child *{{lang|tum|Mwana '''yo'''se}} = the whole child *{{lang|tum|Mwana '''wa'''li'''yo''''se}} = every child *{{lang|tum|Mwana '''wa'''ka'''mu'''wona}} = the child saw him *{{lang|tum|Mwana '''mu'''choko (coko)}} = the small child *{{lang|tum|Mwana '''wa''' Khumbo}} = mwana wa Khumbo *{{lang|tum|Mwana '''wa'''ne}} = my child *{{lang|tum|Mwana '''wa'''wona}} = the child has seen Magulu ena a mayina ali ndi ma concords ang'onoang'ono, monga momwe tawonera patebulo ili pansipa: {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 200px; height: 200px;" |+ Table of Tumbuka concords |- ! ! dzina ! Chingerezi ! izi ! num ! kuti ! zonse ! gawo ! chinthu ! adj ! za ! perf |- ! 1 | | {{lang|tum|mwana}}||child||{{lang|tum|uyu}}||''yu-''||{{lang|tum|uyo}}||{{lang|tum| yose}}||''wa-''||''-mu-''||''mu-''||{{lang|tum|wa}}||''wa-'' |- ! 2 | | {{lang|tum|ŵana}}||ana wose||''ŵakambe-''||''-bb-''|| |- ! 3 | | {{lang|tum|mutu}}||head||{{lang|tum|uwu}}||''wu-''||{{lang|tum|uwo}}||{{lang|tum| wose}}||''wu-''||-''wu-''||''wu-''||{{lang|tum|wa}}||''wa-'' |- ! 4 | | {{lang|tum|mitu}}||heads||{{lang|tum|iyi}}||''yi-''||{{lang|tum|iyo}}||{{lang|tum| yose}}||''yi-''||''-yi-''||''yi-''||{{lang|tum|ya}}||''ya-'' |- ! 5 | | {{lang|tum|jiso}}||eye||{{lang|tum|ili}}||''li-''||{{lang|tum|ilo}}||{{lang|tum| lose}}||''li-''||''-li-''||''li-''||{{lang|tum|la}}||''la-'' |- ! 6 | | {{lang|tum|maso}}||eyes||{{lang|tum|agha}}||''gha-''||{{lang|tum|agho}}||{{lang|tum| ghose}}||''gha-''||''-gha-''||''gha-''||{{lang|tum|gha}}||''gha-'' |- ! 7 | | {{lang|tum|caka}}||year||{{lang|tum|ici}}||''ci-''||{{lang|tum|ico}}||{{lang|tum| cose}}||''ci-''||''-ci-''||''ci-''||{{lang|tum|ca}}||''ca-'' |- ! 8 | | {{lang|tum|vyaka}}||years||{{lang|tum|ivi}}||''vi-''||{{lang|tum|vyo}}||{{lang|tum| zonse}}||''vi-''||''-vi-''||''vi-''||{{lang|tum|vya}}||''vya-'' |- ! 9 | | {{lang|tum|nyumba}}||house||{{lang|tum|iyi}}||''yi-''||{{lang|tum|iyo}}||{{lang|tum| yose}}||''yi-''||''-yi-''||''yi-''||{{lang|tum|ya}}||''ya-'' |- ! 10 | | {{lang|tum|nyumba}}||houses||{{lang|tum|izi}}||''zi-''||{{lang|tum|izo}}||{{lang|tum| zose}}||''zi-''||''-zi-''||''zi-''||{{lang|tum|za}}||''za-'' |- ! 11 | | {{lang|tum|lwande}}||side||{{lang|tum|ulu}}||''lu-''||{{lang|tum|ulo}}||{{lang|tum| lose}}||''lu-''||''-lu-''||''lu-''||{{lang|tum|lwa}}||''lwa-'' |- ! | | ||(or: ||{{lang|tum|ili}}||''li-''||{{lang|tum|ilo}}||{{lang|tum|lose}}||'' li-''||''-li-''||''li-''||{{lang|tum|la}}||''la-'') |- ! 12 | | {{lang|tum|kayuni}}||bird||{{lang|tum|aka}}||''ka-''||{{lang|tum|ako}}||{{lang|tum| kose}}||''ka-''||''-ka-''||''ka-''||{{lang|tum|ka}}||''ka-'' |- ! 13 | | {{lang|tum|tuyuni}}||birds||{{lang|tum|utu}}||''tu-''||{{lang|tum|uto}}||{{lang|tum| tose}}||''tu-''||''-tu-''||''tu-''||{{lang|tum|twa}}||''twa-'' |- ! 14 | | {{lang|tum|uta}}||bow||{{lang|tum|uwu}}||''wu''-||{{lang|tum|uwo}}||{{lang|tum| wose}}||''wu-''||''-wu-''||''wu-''||{{lang|tum|wa}}||''wa-'' |- ! 15 | | {{lang|tum|kugula}}||buying||{{lang|tum|uku}}||''ku-''||{{lang|tum|uko}}||{{lang|tum| kose}}||''ku-''||''-ku-''||''ku-''||{{lang|tum|kwa}}||''kwa-'' |- ! 16 | | {{lang|tum|pasi}}||underneath||{{lang|tum|apa}}||''pa-''||{{lang|tum|apo}}||{{lang|tum| pose}}||''pa-''||''-pa-''||''pa-''||{{lang|tum|pa}}||''pa-'' |- ! 17 | | {{lang|tum|kunthazi}}||in front||{{lang|tum|uku}}||''ku-''||{{lang|tum|uko}}||{{lang|tum| kose}}||''ku-''||''-ku-''||''ku-''||{{lang|tum|kwa}}||''kwa-'' |- ! 18 | | {{lang|tum|mukati}}||inside||{{lang|tum|umu}}||''mu-''||{{lang|tum|umo}}||{{lang|tum| mose}}||''mu-''||''-mu-''||''mu-''||{{lang|tum|mwa}}||''mwa-'' |- |} == Zitsanzo za mawu ndi zolemba == Mawu otsatirawa ndi awa omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito munthu akapita kudera limene chinenero chawo chachikulu ndi Chitumbuka: {| class="wikitable" |+ !Tumbuka !Chichewa |- |Moni |Moni |- |Moni | moni, kwa gulu la anthu |- |Muli makola? Mwaŵa uli? |bwanji? |- |Muli makola? Mwaŵa uli? |Muli bwanji?, kwa gulu la anthu |- |Nili makola |Ndili bwino |- |Tili makola | Tili bwino |- |Naonga (chomene) | Zikomo (zambiri) |- |Yewo (chomene) | Zikomo (zambiri) |- |Ndiwe bwanji? Dzina lako ndani? |- | Zina lane ndine.... | Dzina langa ndine.... |- |Nyengo ili uli? |Nthawi yanji? |- |Ningakuvwila? |Kodi ndingakuthandizeni? |- |Uyende makola |Tendani bwino/maulendo otetezeka |- |Mwende makola |Tendani bwino/maulendo otetezeka (anati kwa gulu la anthu) |- |Enya |Inde |- |Yayi/Chala | Ayi |- |Kwali |Sindikudziwa |- |Mukumanya mawu Chizungu? |Kodi mumatha kulankhula Chingerezi? |- |Nayambapo kutsata Chitumbuka |Ndangoyamba kumene kuphunzira Chitumbuka |- |Mukung'anamula vichi? |Mukutanthauza chiyani? |- |Chonde, ningaluta kubafa? |Kodi ndingapite kuchimbudzi? |- |Namtumiki/Nkhudzedwa |"Ndimakukondani" |- |Pepa |Pepani |- | Phepani |Pepani (kwa gulu la anthu) |- |Banja | Banja |- |Yowoya | Lankhulani/lankhulani |} ==Mavesi == ===Chiyambi chamutu=== Maverebu onse ayenera kukhala ndi chiyambi cha mutu, chomwe chimagwirizana ndi dzina la mutu.<ref>Chavula (2016), p. 22.</ref> Mwachitsanzo, liwu lakuti {{lang|tum|ciŵinda}} 'hunter' ndi kalasi 7, choncho ngati liri lotsogolera, mneniyo amakhala ndi chiyambi ''ci-'': :{{lang|tum|ciŵinda '''ci'''-ka-koma nkhalamu}} = 'mlenje anapha mkango'<ref>Chavula (2016), p. 42.</ref> N'zothekanso kuti mutuwo ukhale dzina lamalo (makalasi 16, 17, 18), pamene mneniyo ali ndi chiyambi cha malo:<ref>Chavula (2016), p. 23.</ref> :{{lang|tum|pamphasa '''pa'''-ka-khala mwana}} = 'pa mphasa panakhala mwana' Mawu akuti "ku-'' (kalasi 17) amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati munthu pokambirana za nyengo:<ref>Chavula (2016), p. 24.</ref> :{{lang|tum|'''ku'''kuzizima madazi ghano}} = 'kuzizira masiku ano' Pamene mutuwo uli mloŵana waumwini, ma prefixes a mutu ali motere (mloŵa m'malo mwake akhoza kuchotsedwa, koma osati mutu wa mutu): :{{lang|tum|(ine) '''n'''-kha-gula}} = 'I bought' (''nkha-'' stands for ''ni-ka-'') :{{lang|tum|(iwe) '''u'''-ka-gula}} = 'you bought' (informal, singular) :{{lang|tum|(iyo)<ref>Chavula (2016), p. 23. Koma Kishindo et al. (2018), s.v. {{lang|tum|iye}}, have {{lang|tum|iye}}.</ref> '''wa'''-ka-gula}} = 'he, she bought' :{{lang|tum|(ise) '''ti'''-ka-gula}} = 'tinagula' :{{lang|tum|(imwe) '''mu'''-ka-gula}} = 'unagula' (zambiri kapena ulemu) :{{lang|tum|(iwo) '''ŵab'''-ka-gula}} = 'anagula', 'anagula' (ochuluka kapena mwaulemu) M’chinenedwe changwiro, awa amafupikitsidwa ku {{lang|tum|n-a-, w-a-, w-a-, t-a-, mw-a-, ŵ-a-}}, mwachitsanzo. {{lang|tum|t-a-gula}} 'tagula'. M’chiyankhulo cha [[Karonga]], pa munthu wachitatu mmodzi ''a-'' amapezeka m'malo mwa ''wa-'', ndipo chachitatu ndi ''wa-'' m'malo mwa ''wa-'', kupatula mu nthawi yangwiro, pamene ''wa-'' ndi ''ba-'' agwiritsidwa ntchito.<ref>McNicholl (2010), pp. 7–8.</ref> ===Chikhomo-chinthu=== Kuti muwonetse chinthu, mawu owonjezera atha kuwonjezeredwa ku mneni nthawi yomweyo muzu wa mneni usanachitike. Nthawi zambiri, chizindikiro cha chinthu ndichosankha:<ref>Chavula (2016), pp. 51–64.</ref> :{{lang|tum|Pokani wa('''yi''')gula galimoto}} = 'Pokani has bought a car' (class 9) :{{lang|tum|Changa waka('''mu'')nyamula katundu}} = 'Changa ananyamula katundu' (class 1) Chizindikiro cha chinthu chimagwirizana ndi gulu la chinthucho, monga momwe tawonetsera pa tebulo la concords pamwambapa. Chizindikiro cha chinthu chingakhalenso malo (makalasi 16, 17, kapena 18):<ref>Chavula (2016), p. 56.</ref> :{{lang|tum|Kondwani wa('''pa''')kwera pa nyumba}} = 'Kondwani has climbed on top of the house' Zolembera za malo oimira munthu ndi izi:<ref>Chavula (2016), pp. 53–4.</ref> :{{lang|tum|wa'''ni'''ona (ine)}} = 'wandiwona' :{{lang|tum|wa'''ku'''ona (iwe)}} = 'wakuwona' :{{lang|tum|wa'''mu'''ona}} = 'wamuona' :{{lang|tum|wa'''ti''''ona}} = 'watiwona' :{{lang|tum|wa'''mu'''ona'''ni'''}} = 'wakuwonani' (ochuluka kapena mwaulemu) :{{lang|tum|wa'''ba'''ona}} = 'wawaona' ===Nyengo=== Nthawi m'Chitumbuka imapangidwa pang'onopang'ono powonjezera ma infixes, ndipo pang'ono ndi ma suffixes. Mosiyana ndi Chichewa, mamvekedwe sapanga mbali iriyonse ya kusiyanitsa pakati pa nthawi imodzi ndi inzake. M'mbuyomu kusiyana kumapangidwa pakati pa nthawi ya hodiernal (kutanthauza zochitika zamasiku ano) ndi nthawi zakutali (kutanthauza zochitika dzulo kapena nthawi ina yapitayo). Komabe, malire pakati pa posachedwapa ndi akutali si enieni.<ref>Kiso (2012), p. 176.</ref> Kusiyana kwina kumapangidwa pakati pa nthawi zakale ndi zangwiro. Nthawi yabwino ikagwiritsiridwa ntchito imakhala ndi tanthawuzo loti zotsatira zake zikadalipo panthawi yolankhula, mwachitsanzo: 'maungu afalikira ({{lang|tum|zathambala}}) pamunda'.<ref>Kiso. (2012), p. 171, mogwira mawu Vail (1972).</ref> Ungwiro wapano utha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito m'maverebu osonyeza momwe zinthu zilili masiku ano monga {{lang|tum|ndakhala}} 'I am sitting' kapena {{lang|tum|ndakondwa}} 'Ndine wokondwa'. Remote perfect is used for events that happened some back but the impact is still not today, such as {{lang|tum|libwe made}} 'the rock has fallen' or {{lang|tum|walikutayika}} ' iye (wamwalira) '.<ref>Kiso (2012), pp. 171, 178.</ref> Nthawi zamtsogolo zimasiyanitsanso pafupi ndi zochitika zakutali. Nthawi zina zimatanthawuza kuti chochitikacho chidzachitika kwina, mwachitsanzo {{lang|tum|ndamukuchezga}} 'Ndipita ndikacheze'.<ref>Kiso (2012), p. 184, mogwira mawu Vail (1972).</ref> Ma Compound tenses amapezekanso mu Chitumbuka, monga {{lang|tum|wati wagona}} 'he had slept', {{lang|tum|wa sauti kuti wafumapo}} 'he had just left' ndi {{lang|tum| wazamukuŵaŵa waguliska}} 'azamuguliska'.<ref>Kiso (2012), pp. 172, 182, 184, quoting Vail (1972).</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left" |+ Nthawi zina za Chitumbuka<ref>Kiso (2012), pp. 163–192.</ref> |- !Nkhani !Chokhomera nthawi !Chitsanzo !Kumasulira |- !Pakali pano zopanda malire | | ku- ||{{lang|tum|'''ku'''-luta}} ||‘to go' |- ! |- !Present simple | | -ku- ||{{lang|tum|wa-'''ku'''-luta}} ||‘he/she goes/is going’ |- !Chizoloŵezi chopezekapo | | -ku-...-anga ||{{lang|tum|wa-'''ku'''-lut-'''anga'''}} ||‘he/she goes’ (olankhula ena okha) |- ! |- ! Perekani mwangwiro | | -a- ||{{lang|tum|w-'''a'''-luta}} ||‘wapita’ |- ! Perekani wangwiro mosalekeza | | -a-...-anga ||{{lang|tum|w-'''a''-lut-'''anga'''}} ||‘he/she has been going' |- !Kutali kwangwiro | | -liku- ||{{lang|tum|wa-'''liku'''-luta}} ||‘he/she has gone’ |- ! |- !Zosavuta zaposachedwa | | -angu- ||{{lang|tum|w-'''angu'''-luta}} ||‘he/she went’ (today) |- !Posachedwapa mosalekeza | | -angu-...-anga ||{{lang|tum|w-'''angu'''-lut-'''anga'''}} ||‘he/she was going' (today) |- !Zosavuta zakutali | | -ka- ||{{lang|tum|wa-'''ka'''-luta}} ||‘he/she went’ |- !Kutali kupitirira mosalekeza | | -ka-...-anga ||{{lang|tum|wa-'''ka'''-lut-'''anga'''}} ||‘he/she was going/used to go' |- ! |- ![[Posachedwapa (galamala)|Posachedwapa]] |...-enge||{{lang|tum|wa-lut-'''enge'''}}||'he will go' (now or today) |- !Emphatic future<ref>Kiso (2012), p. 183, mogwira mawu Vail (1972).</ref> | | -ti-...-enge||{{lang|tum|wa-'''ti'''-lut-'''enge'''}}||'adzapita ndithu' |- !Distal future<ref>Kiso (2012), p. 184, 185, akunena Vail (1972). Kwa mawu akuti 'distal', onani Botne (1999) </ref> | | -amu-(ku)-|| {{lang|tum|w-'''amuku'''-gula}} ||‘he/she will buy’ (where else) |- !Zamtsogolo zakutali | | -zamu-(ku)-|| {{lang|tum|wa-'''zamu''-luta}} ||‘he/she will go’ (tomorrow or later) |- !Kutsogolo kwakutali mosalekeza | | -zamu-...-anga|| {{lang|tum|wa-'''zamu''-lut-'''anga'''}} ||‘he/she will be going' (tomorrow or later) |- ! |- !Present subjunctive | | -e ||{{lang|tum|ti-lut-'''e'''}} ||‘tiyeni tipite' |- ! Distal subjunctive | | -ka-...-e ||{{lang|tum|wa-'''ka'''-gul-'''e'''}} ||‘kuti agule (kwina)' |- ! Zotheka | | -nga- ||{{lang|tum|wa-'''nga'''-luta}} ||'he can go'<ref>McNicholl (2010), p. 8.</ref> |} Nthawi zina zamtsogolo zimaperekedwa ndi Vail (1972) ndi ena.<ref>Onani Kiso (2012) pp. 182–188.</ref> Mu munthu 1 mmodzi, ''ni-ku-'' ndi ''ni-ka-'' afupikitsidwa kukhala ''nkhu-'' ndi ''nkha-'': {{lang|tum|nkhuluta}} ' I am going', 'I go', {{lang|tum|nkhalutanga}} 'I used to go'.<ref>Kiso (2012), pp. 163, 173.</ref> ===Manenedwe oipa=== Popanga mneni m'Chitumbuka, mawu akuti {{lang|tum|yayi}} kapena {{lang|tum|cha(ra)}} amawonjezedwa kumapeto kapena kumapeto kwa ndimeyi. Zikuwoneka kuti {{lang|tum|yayi}} amakondedwa ndi olankhula achichepere:<ref>Kiso (2012), p. 190.</ref> :{{lang|tum|wakulemba kalata '''yayi'''}} :'sakulemba kalata' :{{lang|tum|tizamugwira ntchito '''cha''' machero}} :'sitigwira ntchito mawa' Komabe, ndi nthawi yangwiro, pali mawonekedwe osiyana, kuwonjezera '' -nda-'' ndi kutha '' -e'':<ref>Kiso (2012), p. 191.</ref> :{{lang|tum|enya, n'''a''kumana nawo}} : "yes ndakumana naye" :{{lang|tum|yayi, ni'''nda'''kuman'''e''' nawo}} : "ayi, sindinakumane naye" ==Chikoka cha Ngoni pa Tumbuka== ''Mawu achiNgoni (Chizulu/Ndwandwe) opezeka m'Chitumbuka:'' Zinenero zonse za Chitumbuka zakhudzidwa pang'ono ndi chilankhulo cha Chingoni, makamaka m'boma la Mzimba m'dziko la Malawi. Ngoni ndi chilankhulo chomwe chinachokera kwa anthu a Ndwandwe omwe anali oyandikana ndi a Zulu asanagonjetsedwe ndi Azulu ndipo adatengedwa kukhala Zulu. Choncho chinenero chimene a Ndwandwe ankalankhula chinali chofanana ndi Chizulu. M'munsimu muli zitsanzo za mawu opezeka mu chitumbuka omwe ndi ochokera ku Chizulu/Ndwandwe, ngakhale kuti ambiri mwa mawuwa ali ndi mawu achitumbuka omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito posinthana ndi olankhula, (kupatulapo 'munwe/minwe' kutanthauza 'chala/zala' Mwachitsanzo, zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zinalibe mnzake woyamba kapena mawu oyamba atayika). {| class="wikitable" |- ! Chichewa!! Tumbuka!! Tumbuka-Ngoni dialect |- | | Onani | Wona || Onani |- | | Utsi | Khweŵa || Bhema |- | | Munthu | Mwanalume || Doda |- | | Namwali || Mwali || Nthombi |} ==Chitsanzo cha Tumbuka== '''Miyezi ku Tumbuka:''' {| class="wikitable" |- ! English!! Tumbuka |- | | Januwale | | Matipa |- | | February | | Muswela |- | | March | | Nyakanyaka |- | | April | | Masika |- | | Mayi | Vuna |- | | Juni | Zizima |- | | July | | Mphepo |- | | Ogasiti | | Mpulumutsi |- | | September | | Lupya |- | | October | | Zimya |- | | November | | Thukila |- | | December | | Vula |} Chitsanzo cha nthano zomasuliridwa m'Chitumbuka ndi zilankhulo zina za Kumpoto kwa Malawi chaperekedwa mu kafukufuku wa zilankhulo za ku Northern Malawi wochitidwa ndi bungwe la Center for Language Studies la University of Malawi.<ref>[http://unima-cls. org/Docs/MappingNorthernMalawi/lm-northernmalawi.pdf Kafukufuku wa Mapu a Zinenero], p. 60-64.</ref> Nthano zachitumbuka zimapita motere: :{{lang|tum|KALULU NA FULU (Citumbuka)|italics=no}} :{{lang|tum|Fulu wakaluta kukapemphiska vyakulya kukulya. Pakuyeya thumba lake wakacita kukaka ku cingwe citali na kuvwara mu singo, ndipo pakwenda thumba lake likizanga kunyuma kwake.|italics=no}} :{{lang|tum|Wali mu nthowa, kalulu wakiza kunyuma ndipo wakati “bowo, thumba lane!” Fulu wakati, "Thumba ndane iwe, wona cingwe ici ndaka sono nkhuguza pakwenda." Kalulu wakakana nipera, ndipo anati|italics=no}} == Maumboni == <references /> [[Category:Chilankhulo]] [[Category:Nyasa zinenero]] [[Category:Zinenero za Malawi]] [[Category:Zinenero za Tanzania]] [[Category:Zinenero za Zambia]] [[Category:Zinenero za Zimbabwe]] [[Category:Chitumbuka| ]] [[Category:Zambia]] n6yk12ds61ucu4ms0eo1j7x2dqmlbnx 0 9278 72022 71933 2026-10-20T17:19:59Z NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh 8023 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]] ([[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:Icem4k|Icem4k]] 71919 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Young-Dolly-Parton (cropped).jpg|alt=Dolly Parton wachinyamata|thumb|253x253px|Dolly Parton mu 1977]] '''Dolly Rebecca Parton Dean''' (wobadwa ndi Parton; Januwale 19, 1946 - Ogasiti 25, 2026) anali woyimba komanso wolemba nyimbo waku [[United States of America|America]], wochita sewero, komanso wamalonda. Wotchedwa "Mfumukazi ya Dziko", Parton anali m'modzi mwa ochita sewero otchuka kwambiri aku country, adalandira Mphotho khumi ndi chimodzi za Grammy ndi Mphotho zitatu za Emmy, komanso osankhidwa kuti apeze Mphotho ziwiri za Academy, zisanu ndi chimodzi za Golden Globes ndi Mphotho ya Tony. Amadziwikanso chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake komanso kuthandiza anthu kudzera mu Dollywood ndi Dollywood Foundation. Ndi ma rekodi opitilira 100 miliyoni ogulitsidwa, Parton ndi m'modzi mwa ojambula nyimbo ogulitsidwa kwambiri nthawi zonse. Parton adalemba nyimbo yake yoyamba ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, adayimba nthawi zonse pa TV ali ndi zaka 10, adajambula koyamba ali ndi zaka 11, ndipo adakhala wolemba nyimbo waluso ali ndi zaka 16. Atalemba nyimbo zodziwika bwino kwa ena, adatulutsa chimbale chake choyamba, Hello, I'm Dolly (1967), kuyamba ntchito yake yazaka pafupifupi 60. Iye anatulutsa ma album 49 a studio ndipo analemba nyimbo zoposa 3,000, kuphatikizapo "I Will Always Love You" (nyimbo yomwe inatchuka kwambiri ku America kawiri komanso nyimbo yotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse ya Whitney Houston yomwe inagulitsa makope 40 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi), "[[Jolene (nyimbo)|Jolene]]", "[[Coat of Many Colors (nyimbo)|Coat of Many Colors]]", ndi "9 to 5". == Zolemba == [[Category:1946 Kubadwa]] [[Category:2026 imfa]] 2m2f0bd88gsi8ti7eze26q77qb9r2dm 10 9311 72023 2026-10-21T11:44:45Z ChaloNiZambia 5215 Redirected page to [[Template:Cite news]] 72023 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Cite news]] 8ggskokjo5aaw80bageqj2jd46ku8r8 0 9312 72024 2026-10-21T11:44:53Z ChaloNiZambia 5215 Created page with "'''Gift Simuunza Sialubalo'' (wobadwa 25 August 1969) ndi [[Zambia]]n wandale yemwe pano ndi membala wa nyumba yamalamulo ku [[Kariba (Zambian parliamentary constituency)|Kariba]]. Iye anali Membala wa Nyumba Yamalamulo wa [[Sinazongwe (chigawo)|Sinazongwe]] kuyambira mu Ogasiti 2016 mpaka Meyi 2026<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gift Simuunza Sialubalo {{!}} Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Dziko la Zambia |url=https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/5596 |access-date=2026-07-24 |websi..." 72024 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gift Simuunza Sialubalo'' (wobadwa 25 August 1969) ndi [[Zambia]]n wandale yemwe pano ndi membala wa nyumba yamalamulo ku [[Kariba (Zambian parliamentary constituency)|Kariba]]. Iye anali Membala wa Nyumba Yamalamulo wa [[Sinazongwe (chigawo)|Sinazongwe]] kuyambira mu Ogasiti 2016 mpaka Meyi 2026<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gift Simuunza Sialubalo {{!}} Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Dziko la Zambia |url=https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/5596 |access-date=2026-07-24 |website=www.parliament.gov.zm}}</ref> ndipo anali [[Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (Zambia)|Minister of Local Government and Rural Development]] kuyambira mu Marichi 2025<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-01 |title=Zambia : Gift Sialubalo Analumbiridwa Kukhala Nduna ya Maboma Apafupi ndi Rural Development |url=https://www.lusakatimes.com/2025/04/01/gift-sialubalo-sworn-in-as-minister-of-local-government-and-rural-development/ |access-date=2025-08-06 |website=Lusaka Times |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Tchulani nkhani|last=Mulikelela |first=Maimbolwa |date=29 Marichi 2025 |title=Purezidenti Hichilema achotsa Nkombo, asankha Sialubalo kukhala Nduna yatsopano ya Boma Lam'deralo |newspaper=Zambia Monitor |url=https://www.zambiamonitor.com/president-hichilema-sacks-nkombo-appoints-sialubalo-as-new-minister-of-local-government/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330151826/https://www.zambiamonitor.com/president-hichilema-sacks-nkombo-appoints-sialubalo-as-new-minister-of-local-government/ |archive-date=30 March 2025 |url-status=live }}</ref> mpaka Meyi 2026. == Ntchito Yandale == Sialubalo wakhala akugwira ntchito mu nyumba yamalamulo ya Zambia kuyambira 2016, atasankhidwa mu [[chisankho chachikulu cha Zambia cha 2016|2016]] ndi [[chisankho chachikulu cha Zambia cha 2021|2021]] monga woyimira [[United Party for National Development]] (UPND].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Sinazongwe mu chitukuko cha zomangamanga |date=24 Epulo 2024 |newspaper=Daily Nation |url=https://www.pressreader.com/zambia/daily-nation-newspaper/20240424/281702619774608 }}</ref> Chisankho chake cha 2016 chinatsutsidwa ndi mdani wake, Richwell Siamunene, yemwe adati Sialubalo ndi omutsatira ake ankachita zachiwawa komanso kuopseza ovota komanso kufalitsa mabodza. Khotilo linapeza kuti panali chiwawa chochitidwa ndi Gift Sialubalo, koma sichinachitike mpaka kufika pamlingo woti chichitike.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Richwell Siamunene v Sialubalo Gift |publisher=Constitutional Court of Zambia |date=17 November 2017 |url=https://zambialii.org/akn/zm/judgment/zmcc/2017/85/eng@2017-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330155806/https://zambialii.org/akn/zm/judgment/zmcc/2017/85/eng@2017-11-17 |archive-date=30 March 2025 |url-status=live }}</ref> Pamene, mu 2020, anthu ena adamutcha kuti ndi woimira wina, Sialubalo anayankha kuti adagwira ntchito mwakhama pa ntchito zachitukuko mdera la Sinazongwe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sialubalo Akukana Kukhala MP Wosakhalapo |date=1 Novembala 2020 |publisher=AskMuvTV |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0qsd-yzXA9Y }}</ref> [[Chisankho cha 2026 ku Zambia|Chisankho cha 2026]] chisanachitike, [[Sinazongwe (chigawo)|chigawo cha Sinazongwe]] idagawidwa m'magawo awiri, ndipo imodzi idasunga dzina la Sinazongwe ndipo inayo idatchedwa [[Kariba (chigawo cha nyumba yamalamulo ku Zambia)|Kariba]].<ref>[https://www.elections.org.zm/wp-content/uploads/20260416-ECZ-CHAIRPERSONS-SPEECH-ANCLESS-OF-70-NEW-CONSTITUENCIES.pdf ECZ Chairman Speaker Speech - Kulengezedwa kwa madera atsopano 70 - Electoral Commission of Zambia]</ref><ref>[https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/13025 KOMISIYO YA CHISANKHO YA ZAMBIA YALEMBETSA MALO ATSOPANO 70 A NYUMBA YA NTCHITO YA NDONDO - Nyumba Yamalamulo]</ref> Sialubalo adasankha dera la Kariba ngati malo oti akapikisane ngati woyimira nyumba yamalamulo ya UPND.<ref>[https://web.facebook.com/share/p/19KgJZ7ui1/ Gift Sialubalo (Positi yodzifalitsa pa Facebook)]</ref> Pa chisankho cha pa 13 Ogasiti 2026, adasankhidwa kukhala MP wa Kariba.<ref name=":0" /> ==Zolemba== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Anthu amoyo]] [[Category:Mamembala a Nyumba Yamalamulo Yamalamulo wa ku Zambia]] [[Category: Nduna za boma la m'deralo ku Zambia]] [[Category: Andale a United Party for National Development]] [[Category: Andale a ku Zambia a m'zaka za m'ma 2000]] [[Category: Kubadwa kwa 1969]] 2iwgbea0456vsb3eufoxcyjlj2myrde 72025 72024 2026-10-21T11:45:19Z ChaloNiZambia 5215 72025 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Gift Simuunza Sialubalo''''' (wobadwa 25 August 1969) ndi [[Zambia]]n wandale yemwe pano ndi membala wa nyumba yamalamulo ku [[Kariba (Zambian parliamentary constituency)|Kariba]]. Iye anali Membala wa Nyumba Yamalamulo wa [[Sinazongwe (chigawo)|Sinazongwe]] kuyambira mu Ogasiti 2016 mpaka Meyi 2026<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gift Simuunza Sialubalo {{!}} Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Dziko la Zambia |url=https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/5596 |access-date=2026-07-24 |website=www.parliament.gov.zm}}</ref> ndipo anali [[Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (Zambia)|Minister of Local Government and Rural Development]] kuyambira mu Marichi 2025<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-01 |title=Zambia : Gift Sialubalo Analumbiridwa Kukhala Nduna ya Maboma Apafupi ndi Rural Development |url=https://www.lusakatimes.com/2025/04/01/gift-sialubalo-sworn-in-as-minister-of-local-government-and-rural-development/ |access-date=2025-08-06 |website=Lusaka Times |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Tchulani nkhani|last=Mulikelela |first=Maimbolwa |date=29 Marichi 2025 |title=Purezidenti Hichilema achotsa Nkombo, asankha Sialubalo kukhala Nduna yatsopano ya Boma Lam'deralo |newspaper=Zambia Monitor |url=https://www.zambiamonitor.com/president-hichilema-sacks-nkombo-appoints-sialubalo-as-new-minister-of-local-government/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330151826/https://www.zambiamonitor.com/president-hichilema-sacks-nkombo-appoints-sialubalo-as-new-minister-of-local-government/ |archive-date=30 March 2025 |url-status=live }}</ref> mpaka Meyi 2026. == Ntchito Yandale == Sialubalo wakhala akugwira ntchito mu nyumba yamalamulo ya Zambia kuyambira 2016, atasankhidwa mu [[chisankho chachikulu cha Zambia cha 2016|2016]] ndi [[chisankho chachikulu cha Zambia cha 2021|2021]] monga woyimira [[United Party for National Development]] (UPND].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Sinazongwe mu chitukuko cha zomangamanga |date=24 Epulo 2024 |newspaper=Daily Nation |url=https://www.pressreader.com/zambia/daily-nation-newspaper/20240424/281702619774608 }}</ref> Chisankho chake cha 2016 chinatsutsidwa ndi mdani wake, Richwell Siamunene, yemwe adati Sialubalo ndi omutsatira ake ankachita zachiwawa komanso kuopseza ovota komanso kufalitsa mabodza. Khotilo linapeza kuti panali chiwawa chochitidwa ndi Gift Sialubalo, koma sichinachitike mpaka kufika pamlingo woti chichitike.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Richwell Siamunene v Sialubalo Gift |publisher=Constitutional Court of Zambia |date=17 November 2017 |url=https://zambialii.org/akn/zm/judgment/zmcc/2017/85/eng@2017-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330155806/https://zambialii.org/akn/zm/judgment/zmcc/2017/85/eng@2017-11-17 |archive-date=30 March 2025 |url-status=live }}</ref> Pamene, mu 2020, anthu ena adamutcha kuti ndi woimira wina, Sialubalo anayankha kuti adagwira ntchito mwakhama pa ntchito zachitukuko mdera la Sinazongwe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sialubalo Akukana Kukhala MP Wosakhalapo |date=1 Novembala 2020 |publisher=AskMuvTV |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0qsd-yzXA9Y }}</ref> [[Chisankho cha 2026 ku Zambia|Chisankho cha 2026]] chisanachitike, [[Sinazongwe (chigawo)|chigawo cha Sinazongwe]] idagawidwa m'magawo awiri, ndipo imodzi idasunga dzina la Sinazongwe ndipo inayo idatchedwa [[Kariba (chigawo cha nyumba yamalamulo ku Zambia)|Kariba]].<ref>[https://www.elections.org.zm/wp-content/uploads/20260416-ECZ-CHAIRPERSONS-SPEECH-ANCLESS-OF-70-NEW-CONSTITUENCIES.pdf ECZ Chairman Speaker Speech - Kulengezedwa kwa madera atsopano 70 - Electoral Commission of Zambia]</ref><ref>[https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/13025 KOMISIYO YA CHISANKHO YA ZAMBIA YALEMBETSA MALO ATSOPANO 70 A NYUMBA YA NTCHITO YA NDONDO - Nyumba Yamalamulo]</ref> Sialubalo adasankha dera la Kariba ngati malo oti akapikisane ngati woyimira nyumba yamalamulo ya UPND.<ref>[https://web.facebook.com/share/p/19KgJZ7ui1/ Gift Sialubalo (Positi yodzifalitsa pa Facebook)]</ref> Pa chisankho cha pa 13 Ogasiti 2026, adasankhidwa kukhala MP wa Kariba.<ref name=":0" /> ==Zolemba== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Anthu amoyo]] [[Category:Mamembala a Nyumba Yamalamulo Yamalamulo wa ku Zambia]] [[Category: Nduna za boma la m'deralo ku Zambia]] [[Category: Andale a United Party for National Development]] [[Category: Andale a ku Zambia a m'zaka za m'ma 2000]] [[Category: Kubadwa kwa 1969]] 8wiytfzbn3rciz2g1a6gevga5djcaqo 0 9313 72026 2026-10-21T11:53:52Z ChaloNiZambia 5215 Created page with "'''Elasmous Chomba''' ndi wandale waku Zambia yemwe akuyimira [[Kasama Central Constituency]] mu [[National Assembly of Zambia]]. Iye ndi membala wa [[National Reconciliation Party for Unity and Prosperity]] (NRPUP).<ref name="ParliamentKasama">[https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/1055 Kasama Central], National Assembly of Zambia.</ref><ref name="ParliamentOpposition">[https://www.parliament.gov.zm/members/opposition Opposition Parties' Members of Parliament], National As..." 72026 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elasmous Chomba''' ndi wandale waku Zambia yemwe akuyimira [[Kasama Central Constituency]] mu [[National Assembly of Zambia]]. Iye ndi membala wa [[National Reconciliation Party for Unity and Prosperity]] (NRPUP).<ref name="ParliamentKasama">[https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/1055 Kasama Central], National Assembly of Zambia.</ref><ref name="ParliamentOpposition">[https://www.parliament.gov.zm/members/opposition Opposition Parties' Members of Parliament], National Assembly of Zambia.</ref> == Ntchito yandale == Chomba akuyimira Kasama Central Constituency ku Northern Province. National Assembly of Zambia yamulemba ngati membala wa nyumba yamalamulo ya chigawo kuyambira mu Ogasiti 2026, m'malo mwa Sibongile Mwamba, yemwe adakhala pampando kuyambira mu 2021.<ref name="ParliamentKasama" /> == Zolemba == {{reflist}} [[Category: Andale aku Zambia]] [[Category: Mamembala a Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Dziko la Zambia]] [[Category: Anthu amoyo]] [[Category: Chaka chobadwa chosadziwika]] 84depgaoum70teho02g33litwl628ed 0 9314 72027 2026-10-21T11:57:46Z ChaloNiZambia 5215 Created page with "'''Justin Mutale''' ndi wandale waku Zambia yemwe akuyimira [[Kasama North]] Constituency mu [[National Assembly of Zambia]]. Iye ndi membala wa [[National Reconciliation Party for Unity and Prosperity]] (NRPUP).<ref name="Parliament">[https://www.parliament.gov.zm/members/opposition Opposition Parties' Members of Parliament], National Assembly of Zambia.</ref> == Ntchito yandale == Mutale adapikisana pampando wa nyumba yamalamulo wa Kasama North pa chisankho chachikul..." 72027 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Justin Mutale''' ndi wandale waku Zambia yemwe akuyimira [[Kasama North]] Constituency mu [[National Assembly of Zambia]]. Iye ndi membala wa [[National Reconciliation Party for Unity and Prosperity]] (NRPUP).<ref name="Parliament">[https://www.parliament.gov.zm/members/opposition Opposition Parties' Members of Parliament], National Assembly of Zambia.</ref> == Ntchito yandale == Mutale adapikisana pampando wa nyumba yamalamulo wa Kasama North pa chisankho chachikulu cha [[2026 Zambia]]. Adapambana chisankhocho ndi mavoti 9,285, kugonjetsa woyimira United Party for National Development (UPND) Sibongile Mwamba, yemwe adapeza mavoti 3,554. Isidore Tetamashimba wa Restoration Party adamaliza wachitatu ndi mavoti 3,257. Woyang'anira wobwerera Frazer Sinyangwe adalengeza kuti Mutale wasankhidwa pa 16 Ogasiti 2026.<ref name="ZNBC">Chansa Mayini, [https://znbc.co.zm/?p=14935 "Justine Mutale wa NRPUP Wapambana Kasama North Ndi Mavoti 9,285"], ZNBC, 16 Ogasiti 2026.</ref> == Zolemba == {{reflist}} [[Category: Andale aku Zambia]] [[Category: Mamembala a Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Dziko la Zambia]] [[Category: Anthu amoyo]] [[Category: Chaka chobadwa chosadziwika]] gvsudi4subpch3o794nccjjtu8wcqba