Wikipedia pamwiki https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pun_Bulung MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.5 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1357 312927 309787 2026-06-10T08:09:17Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312927 wikitext text/x-wiki Ing '''Republica ning Filipinas''' o '''Filipinas''' a yawsan da muring Perlas ning Dayat Aslagan, metung yang [[timawa]]ng [[magsarili]]ng [[bansa]] ning [[Maulingaslagang Asia|mawli-aslagang Asia]] (southeast Asia). Maki distansya yang 1,210 km (750 mi) manibat king mainland [[:en:Asia|Asia]] at atin yang 7,107 a islang kayabe king [[:en:Malay Archipelago|Malay Archipelago]]. {{Infobox Country | native_name = Republika ning Filipinas | common_name = Filipinas | image_flag = Flag of the Philippines.svg | image_coat = Coat of Arms of the Philippines.svg | national_motto = Maka-Diyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, at Makabansa ([[Filipino language|Tagalug]] : For the Love of God, People, Nature, and Country)'' | image_map = LocationPhilippines.png | national_anthem = ''[[Lupang Hinirang]] (Chosen Land)'' | official_languages = [[Filipino language|Filipino]] ([[Tagalog_language|Tagalog]]), [[English language|English]] | major_regional_languages = [[Cebuano language|Cebuano]], [[Ilokano language|Ilokano]],[[Hiligaynon language|Hiligaynon]], [[Bikol language|Bikol]], [[Waray-Waray language|Waray-Waray]], [[Kapampangan]], [[Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]], [[Kinaray-a language|Kinaray-a]], [[Maranao language|Maranao]], [[Maguindanao language|Maguindanao]], [[Tausug language|Tausug]] | capital = [[Menila]]|latd=14|latm=35|latNS=N|longd=121|longm=0|longEW=E| largest_city = [[Quezon Lakanbalen]] | government_type = [[Republika]] | leader_titles = [[Ding Pamuntuk ning Filpinas|Presidenti]]<br />[[Vice President of the Philippines|Bise Presidenti]] | leader_names = [[Noynoy Aquino|Benigno Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III]]<br />[[Jejomar Binay|Jejomar Cabaoatan Binay]] | area_km2 = 300000 | area_rank = pang71| area_magnitude = 1 E11| percent_water = 0.6% | population_estimate = 87,857,473 | population_estimate_year = Juliu 2005 | population_estimate_rank = pang12 | population_census = 76,498,735 | population_census_year = 2000 | population_density_km2= 276 | population_density_rank = pang27 | GDP_PPP_year = 2005 | GDP_PPP = $409,445 million | GDP_PPP_rank = 25th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $4,770 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = pang107 | sovereignty_type = [[Pangatimawa]] | established_events = - Declared | established_dates = Ibat [[Espanya]]<br />[[Juniu 12]], [[1898]] (official) | currency = [[Philippine Peso|Philippine peso]] (''pesus'') | currency_code = PHP | time_zone = [[UTC]] +8 | utc_offset = +8 | time_zone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | cctld = [[.ph]] | calling_code = 63 | footnotes= ¹ Agpang king Konstitusyong 1987, amanu yang opisyal ing [[Filipino language|Filipino o Tagalug]] ampo ing [[English language|Ingles]]. <p>Kadwa lang amanung opisyal kareng sarili rang rehiyon deng amanung rehiyonal. <p>Deng [[Spanish language|Castila]] ampong [[Arabic language|Arabo]] e ro kikilalanang opisyal pero gagamitan da la king paralang "boluntaryu at opsyonal."| }} Kilub ning 256 a banwa, metung yang [[Spanish Empire|kolonya ning España]] ([[1565]]-[[1821]]) ing Filipinas, at pitung pulung banwa kaybat na nita, mituring yang [[province|lalawigan ning España]] ([[1821]]-[[1898]]). Kaybat ning [[:en:Spanish-American War|Spanish-American War]] ketang [[1898]], mesakup ya kareng Americanu ing Filipinas. Megi yang [[:en:United States|United States]] [[:en:unincorporated territory|unincorporated territory]] anting metung a [[commonwealth]] o mancomunidad manibat anyang [[1935]]. Migwakas ya ing panau'ning Commonwealth uling king [[:en:World War II|World War II]] o Kadwang Gerang Pangkabilugan, nung kapilan sinakup de reng Japon ing Filipinas. Akamtan ne murin ning Filipinas ing kayang katimawan a [[de facto]] kanitang Julio 4, 1946. Maragul ing impluwensya ning panaun a sinakup deng dayuan ing bansa lalu na ketang kayang [[:en:culture|kultura]] ampong [[:en:society|sosyedad]]. Makikilala ya ing bansa king impluwensya ning [[Iglesia Catolica]] ampo ing kayang masikan a [[pamana]] ibat kareng bansa ning [[albugan]]. Metung ya kareng adwang bansa king Asia nung nukarin Catolicu la keraklan deng memalen; ing [[East Timor]] itang metung. Ing Filipinas ing manimunang bansa king Asia king panyulung kaybat ning [[World War II|Kadwang Gerang Pangkabilugan]], oneng mitawli ya uling king mabagal yang masensu ing kayang ekonomya, pamangumpiska na ning gubyernu king pibandyan, laganap a korupsyon, ampong impluwensiyang neo-kolonyal. King kasalukuyan, kasantingan (moderate) ing pamanasensu ning ekonomiya, uling kareng paparla da reng dakal a Pilipinung makakalat king mabilug a yatu ampo ing daragul a industriya king [[information technology]]. Atin yang mangaragul a prublema ing bansa, kayabe ne ing pangimut ba lang mikawani reng [[Muslim]] king Mindanao, ing rebelyong kumunista ning [[New People's Army]] king kabundukan, detang e parapareung patakaran ning kapamahalan, darakal a krimen, ampong polusyon king kadayatan ampo king dalampasigan. Mágkasákit ya murin ing bansa uling king sobrang dagul a populasyon, lalu na kareng syudad uling king kakulangan king obra. Pálak na kátas niti kesa ketang kaylangan bang miyalilan (replacement rate), at anggang bayu-bayu pamu ini ing metung kareng pekamatas king Asia. == Amlat o Kasalesayan == {{seemain|Amlat ning Filipinas}} === Prehistory === Mayayakit kareng mediskubring [[Fossil|fossil da reng tau]] a libu-libu nang banwang ating manuknangan king Filipinas. Linipat lang teteng gabun o yelu (land or ice bridges) detang kayang minunang tau, a mayayaus [[Ayta]], a menuknangan kareng mangakapal a kagubatan o kakewan da reng isla. Kalabas ning panaun, dinatang no man detang dayung magsalitang amanung Austronesian manibat king mawling China (southern China), kapamilata'ning Taiwan. === Pamakitalamitam king Asia, detang kayaryan a Buddhist === Minuna lang dinatang deng negosyanting ibat [[China]] kanitang ka-[[walung siglu]]. Uling king pamanalto da reng mangasikan a kayaryang [[Buddhist]], mika kalakal king [[Indonesia|kapulwang Indonesian]], king [[India]], [[Japan|Japon]] at [[Mauling Aslagang Asia]] o Southeast Asia. Uling king pamipate-pate da reng paksyon karetang kayaryan ning Mawli-aslagang Asia, meyna la reti, at mas masaguling mika impluwensya ibat king kilwal. Samantala, ing pamikalat ning [[:en:Islam|Islam]] kapamilata'ning kalakal ampong pamag-kumberti, migdala yang negosyanti ampong misyoneru king rehiyon, antimurin king pamikalat ning [[:en:Christianity|Cristianismo]]. Minuna lang miras king [[Mindanao]] deng Arabu kanitang ka-[[:en:labing apat a siglu|labing apat a siglu]]. Anyang miratang la reng minunang tau ibat king [[:en:Europe|Europa]], a penimunan nang [[:en:Ferdinand Magellan|Ferdinand Magellan]] kanitang [[:en:1521|1521]], ating [[:en:raja|raja]] angga king [[Menila]] a malwat nang mamayad bwis kareng kayaryan king Mawli-aslagang Asia, partikular ing [[:en:Srivijaya|Imperyung Shri Vishayan]]. Nanupata, anti la mong magsarili at mabibye libri (timawa) deng isla ning kapulwan. === Pamanyakup da reng Castila === Bindyan de at sinakup deng tau [[Espanya|Espania]] ing kapulwan kanitang [[1565]], king lalam ning conquistador a ibat España, i [[Miguel López de Legaspi]], a miglayag ibat king [[New Spain]] (a ngeni [[Mexico]]) at miratang at menuknangan king [[Cebu]]. Inaus nong ''Las Islas Filipinas'' [[Ruy López de Villalobos]] deng isla ning [[Samar]] ampong [[Leyte]] a pekilagyu na kang Aring [[:en:Philip II of Spain|Felipe ning España]] ketang kayang expedition a e migtagumpe kanitang [[1543]]. Meyaus ya king dakal a lagyu ing kapulwan, kayabe ne ing Bayung Castilla (Nueva Castilla), Isla ning Albugan (Islas del Poniente), the Manilas, deng Isla nang San [[:en:Lazarus|Lazaro]] (Islas de San Lázaro), at aliwa pa. Bandang tawli, Filipinas ing inaus da king mabilug a kapulwan. Linakad la king balang isla reng paring [[:en:Augustinian|Agustino]] ampong [[:en:Franciscan|Franciscano]] kayabe da reng sundalung Castila nung nu la mitalakad kuta, menintun [[:en:gold|gintu]], ampong [[spices]] at migdala king Cristianismo. === Deng amun king pamanibala ning España === E Filipinu ing paglalawe da king karelang sarili deng memalen kanitang panaun a kolonya ya pa ing Filipinas. Ing aus da karela, "Indio," o ing lagyu ning karelang lahi o grupung etnolingwistiku. Maigpit lang magpalakad deng Castila, at ini ing meging sangkan da reng pamanalsang mányad pamipante-panteng paglalawe. Migumpisa la reng mabayat a amun king pamanyakup da reng Castila kanitang [[1761]], anyang miyabe ya ing [[:en:Spain|España]] king [[:en:Seven Years' War|Seven Years' War]] ([[1756]]-[[1763]]) at migdeklara yang gera king [[:en:Great Britain|Great Britain]]. Ketang [[1762]], ikwa de reng [[:en:79th Regiment of Foot|pwersang kolonyal]] ning [[:en:British East India Company|British East India Company]] ing Menila kaybat ning metung a masipit a pamilaban. Agpang king [[Treaty of Paris (1763)|Treaty of Paris kanitang 1763]] a migwakas king gera ning [[:en:Great Britain|Britania]] laban king España ampong [[France|Francia]], misubli ya king España ing Filipinas. Nanupata, mesikan la lub deng rebelding Filipinu ketang pangasambut da reng Castila kareng British, kayabe ne i [[:en:Diego Silang|Diego Silang]], a mitabî kareng Castila king [[:en:Vigan|Vigan]], metung a balen a atyu king bebe dagat. Uling abala la king pamakilaban kareng British ampong rebeldi deng Castila kanitang Seven Years War, e ra apatuknang ing pamag-raid da reng [[:en:Moro|Moru]] ning Mawli kareng komunidad a Cristianu king [[:en:Visayan Islands|Visayas]] ampo king [[Luzon]]. Libu-libu la reng Cristianung dekap da at gewang alipan, at anggang miyari ya ing siglu maragul ya pa muring prublema ining pamag-raid da reng Moru. Uling masakit ya lub king e panteng paglalawe da reng Castila ing komunidad da reng Chino, masikan ing suportang binye da reti kareng British, at minambag lang talapagobra ampong armadung lalaking linaban kang [[:en:de Anda|de Anda]] king [[Pampanga]]. === Rizal, ing Pangimut a Propaganda, ampo ing Rebolusyon === Migumpisa yang mibuklat ing ekonomya ning kapulwan anyang [[:en:19th century|kalabingsyam a siglu]]. Meragul ya impluwensya ing metung a middle class a ambisyosu ampong makabansa, nung nu la kayanib deng Filipinung megaral, Castilang mibait king Filipinas, mestisung Castila, ampo reng mestisung Chino a masikan talan king ekonomya, at uli na niti migwakas ing panaun ning lubusang pamibabo da reng Castila. Ginising no ning [[Dr. José Rizal#Legacy|Pangimut a Propaganda (Propaganda)]] king kayalang hustisya (katalarwan) ning kapamahalang kolonyal ning Espania, at minyad lang katimawan (independensya). Dekap de at beril kanitang [[:en:1896|1896]] i [[José Rizal]], ing pekakilalang propagandista, uling king subersyon. E miglwat, memakbung ing [[:en:Philippine Revolution|Rebolusyong Filipinu]], a panimunan ning KKK (Kataastaasan at Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan) o [[:en:Katipunan|Katipunan]], metung a lihim a agumang rebolusyonaryung tinatag nang [[:en:Andres Bonifacio|Andres Bonifacio]] at kaybat sindu nang [[Emilio Aguinaldo]]. Digsu ne mu migtagumpe ing rebolusyon laban kareng Castila anyang [[:en:1896|1896]]. Makasulat ya keng bersyong Ingles ing makatuki: <!-- This heading is disputed. Please do not change it for the time being, it may go against Wikipedia's neutral point of view policy. Please see the talk page by clicking "discussion" above for more information --> === Ing Kuneksyung Americanu === Ita muring banwang ita, milaban ya ing España ampo ing [[United States|America]] king [[:en:Spanish-American War|Spanish-American War]], at kaybat na niti, binye ne ning [[Espanya]] ing Filipinas, [[Cuba]], [[Guam]] at [[Puerto Rico]] king America kalibe ning adwang pulung milyung dolyar ketang Treaty of Paris. Uling migdeklara neng katimawan o independensya ing Filipinas kanita, migumpisa naman ing [[:en:Philippine-War|Philippine-War]] a opisyal a miyari kanitang [[:en:1901|1901]], dapot atin pa muring mapilang pamilaban anggang [[1913]]. Megi yang teritoryu ning American a limitadu mu katimawan king kapamahalan anggang [[1935]], nung kapilan megi yang Commonwealth king lalam ning America. Kanitang panaun ning Commonwealth, migparla yang delegadung e magbotu king [[:en:United States House of Representatives|United States House of Representatives]] ing Filipinas, antimo ing [[:en:District of Columbia|District of Columbia]], [[Guam]], [[Puerto Rico]], ampo ing [[:en:United States Virgin Islands|United States Virgin Islands]] ngeni. Bandang tawli, mipagkalub king Filipinas ing katimawan, kaybat ning pamanyakup da reng Japon kanitang [[:en:World War II|Kadwang Gerang Pangkabilugan]]. Kaybat na niti, mekaranas yang prublema kayari ning gera ing Filipinas; kagulwan kanitang panaun ning [[:en:dictatorship|diktadurya]] nang [[Ferdinand Marcos]], a tinabi ra kanitang [[1986]]; at kaybat na nita, ing malwat nang pamag-rebeldi da reng kumunista ampo ing pamangawani da reng [[Muslim]]. == Pulitika ampong ugnayang panglwal == {{seemain|Pulitika ning Filipinas}} === Kapamahalang Pambansa === Keraklan, pekituki re ing kapamahalan ning Filipinas ketang [[Government of the United States|sistemang Americano]]. Metung yang [[Republic|representative republic]], nung nu ing [[President of the Philippines|Presidenti o Pamuntuk]] yang [[:en:head of state|pamuntuk ning estadu]] ampo ning [[head of government|kapamahalan]], ampong commander-in-chief ning [[Military of the Philippines|pwersang armadu]]. Pipilinan ya ing pamuntuk king metung a eleksyon nung nukarin anam a banwa ing kayang terminu, at mamili yang [[:en:cabinet|gabineti]]. Ing [[legislature|lehislatura]] ning Filipinas, ing [[Congress of the Philippines|Congreso]], bibilugan de ring adwang kapulungan, ing [[Senate of the Philippines|Senado]] ampo ing [[House of Representatives of the Philippines|Camara de Representantes]] o Mababang Kapulungan; pipilinan do reng kayanib da reng adwang kapulungan kapamilatan ning popular a botu. Adwa lang pulu't apat deng senador a maki terminung anam a banwa, kabang deng kayanib ning Camara de Representantes, e la sumobra king 250 (adwang dalan ampong limang pulu), a maki terminung atlung banwa. Ing sanga nang pang-ukuman ning kapamahalan panibalan ne ning [[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Corte Suprema]] o Kakataskatasan a Ukuman. Iti bibilugan ne ning Chief Justice ampong labing apat a Associate Justice. === Ugnayang panglwal === Metung ya kareng mitátag king [[:en:United Nations|Misasanmetung a Bansa]] o United Nations ing Filipinas kanitang [[Octubri 24]], [[1945]], nung nu ya aktibung kayanib. Metung ya ring kayanib a mitátag at manimuna king [[:en:Association of Southeast Asian Nations|Association of Southeast Asian Nations]] (ASEAN) o Kapisanan da reng Bansa ning Mawli-aslagang Asia. Aktibu ya king [[:en:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation|Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation]] (APEC), ampo king [[:en:Group of 24|Group of 24]]. Metung yang manimunang non-NATO ally ning [[United States|America]]. Atin yang e pamikasundu ing Filipinas king [[Taiwan]], [[:en:China|China]], [[Vietnam]] at [[Malaysia]] tungkul karing [[:en:Spratly Islands|Spratly Islands]] ampo king [[:en:Scarborough Shoal|Scarborough Shoal]] a dakal a [[:en:oil|larû]] ampong [[:en:natural gas|natural gas]], at saka king [[Malaysia]] tungkul king [[Sabah]]. Dininan neng upaya ning Sultan ning [[Sulu]] (a tinanggap king lugal a ita anting regalu kaybat neng sinopan ing Sultan ning Brunei a lumaban king metung a pamagalsa) a kímut ba yang mibalik itang teritoryu. Angga ngeni, tatanggap ya pa muring "upa" manibat king kapamahalan ning Malaysia ing pamilya ning Sultan ning Sulu. ''Lawan ya rin ing:'' [[:en:Foreign relations of the Philippines|Foreign relations of the Philippines]], [[Ding Pamuntuk ning Filipinas|Pamuntuk ning Filipinas]], [[:en:Constitution of the Philippines|Constitution of the Philippines]] == Labuad at lalawigan == {{seemain|Ding Labuad ning Filipinas}} Ing Filipinas bibilugan de ring kapamahalang lokal (local government units o LGU), nung nu ing [[Ding Lalawigan ning Filipinas|lalawigan]] ing manimunang unit. Kanitang [[2002]], pitu lang pulu't syam deng prubinsya ning bansa. Den namang prubinsya bibilugan da la reng [[Ding Lakanbalen ning Filipinas|lakanbalen]] ampong [[Ding Balen ning Filipinas|balen]], a bibilugan da naman deng [[barangay]]. Ing barangay ing malating diling unit ning kapamahalan. Makagrupu la kareng labimpitung [[Ding Labuad ning|labuad]] deng probinsya para king malagwang pamanibala. Atin lang tanggapan a panrehiyon deng keraklan kareng sanga ning kapamahalan ba ra lang pagsilbyan deng probinsyang kayanib kareti. Ala lang sariling kapamahalan den mismung rehiyon bukud mu king [[Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao|Muslim Mindanao]] a maki otonomiya. Munta ka kareng artikulu tungkul kareng [[Ding Labuad ning Filipinas|labuad]] ampong [[Ding Lalawigan ning Filipinas|lalawigan]] ba kang manakit mas maragul a mapa nung nu la mayayakit deng labuad ampong lalawigan. === Deng Labuad === * [[Labuad Ilocos]] (Labuad I) * [[Saug Cagayan]] (Labuad II) * [[Kalibudtarang Luzon|Central Luzon(Kalibudtarang Luzon)]] (Labuad III) * [[CALABARZON]] (Labuad IV-A) '''&sup1;''' '''&sup2;''' * [[MIMAROPA]] (Labuad IV-B) '''&sup1;''' '''&sup2;''' * [[Labuad Bicol]] (Labuad V) * [[Albugan Visayas]] (Labuad VI) * [[Kalibudtang Visayas]] (Labuad VII) * [[Aslagan Visayas]] (Labuad VIII) * [[Zamboanga Peninsula]] (Labuad IX) * [[Northern Mindanao]] (Labuad X) * [[Davao Region]] (Labuad XI) * [[SOCCSKSARGEN]] (Labuad XII) '''&sup1;''' * [[Caraga]] (Labuad XIII) * [[Bangsamoro|Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao]] (BARMM) * [[Cordillera Administrative Region]] (CAR) * [[Metro Manila|National Capital Region]] (NCR) (''Metro Manila'') '''&sup1;''' Maka-capitalize la reng lagyung deti uling acronym la o amanung pepakuyad, a pikudta ibat king lagyu dareng lalawigan o lakanbalen a kayabe kareti (lon ya ing [[Acronyms in the Philippines]]). '''&sup2;''' Melalang la reng labuad a reti ibat king sadyang Labuad ning Mawling Katagalugan (Southern Tagalog), o Labuad IV. ''Lon ya murin ing'': [[Lalawigan ning Filipinas]], [[Manimunang Dalan ning Filipinas]] == Geografia == {{seemain|Geografia ning Filipinas}} Metung yang [[:en:archipelago|archipelago]] o kapulwan ing Filipinas a maki 7,107 a isla. Ing kayang land area o pangkabilugan a lapad ning kayang gabun 300,000, km&sup2; ya. Atyu king pilatan ning 116° 40' ampong 126° 34' E. longitude, at 4° 40' ampong 21° 10' N. latitude. Painduruta'ne king aslagan ning [[Dayat Malat ning Filipinas]], king albugan ning [[Dayat Malat ning Mauling Tsina]], at king mawli ning [[:en:Celebes Sea|Celebes Sea]]. Mayayakit ya ing [[Borneo]] mapilan a dalan a kilometru king mawli-albugan (southwest), at ing [[Taiwan]] ketang mismung kayang pangulu o norti. Ketang marayu nang mawli (south) mayakit ya ing [[:en:Moluccas|Moluccas]] ampo ing [[:en:Celebes|Celebes]], at king dane nang aslagan ning [[Dayat Malat ning Filipinas]] atyu ing [[:en:Palau|Palau]]. Keraklan, mapipitna la kareng atlung mangaragul a grupu deng pulu: [[Luzon]] (Labuad I anggang V + NCR & CAR), [[Visayas]] (VI anggang VIII), at [[Mindanao]] (IX to XIII + ARMM). Ing manimunang daungan ning [[Menila]], king [[:Luzon|Luzon]], ing [[:en:capital|kapitolyu]] ampo ing kadwang pekamaragul a [[lakanbalen]] kaybat ning [[Quezon Lakanbalen]]. Mapali, malisangan at tropikal ing kayang [[:en:climate|klima]]. Manga 26.5° Celsius ing average a temperatura king pabanwa. Keraklan kareng Filipinu atlu la kikilalanan a panaun. Ing ''kaleldo'' manibat ya Marzo angga Mayo, kabang ing ''kauran'' manibat ya Junio angga Diciembre. Ing ''panaun ning dimla'' naman manibat Diciembre angga Febrero. Ing "southwest monsoon" (Mayo anggang Octubri), mayayaus ya ring "abagat," kabang ing northeast monsoon (Noviembre anggang Abril) yapin ing "amian". Keraklan kareng islang mabunduk sadya lang makatakap [[:en:rainforest|rainforest]] at bulkan ing karelang penibatan. Ing pekamatas a dake ning Filipinas yapin ing [[Bunduk Apo|Mount Apo]] king Mindanao a maki kátas a 2,954 m. Dakal ing aktibu kareng [[bulkan]] king bansa, alimbawa ing [[Bulkang Pinatubo]]. Atyu king [[:en:typhoon|typhoon]] belt ning albugang Pacifico ing bansa, at lalabasan deng mga labingsyam a bagyu banwa-banwa. Uling atyu king [[:en:Pacific Ring of Fire|Pacific Ring of Fire]] ing Filipinas, marlas yang makadanas ayún ampong pamamakbung bulkan. ''Lawen ya rin'': [[Ecoregions of the Philippines]] == Ekonomya == {{seemain|Economy of the Philippines}} [[File:NDS reverse 20 Philippine peso bill.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Ing Pesus o Philippine Peso ing opisyal a cualta.]] Kanitang [[1998]], meyna ya ing ekonomya ning Filipinas — a bibilugan ning [[:en:agriculture|agrikultura]], mayan a industrya (light industry) at serbisyung pangsuporta (support services) — uling king epektu ning [[:en:Asian financial crisis|Asian financial crisis]] (krisis king pisalapyan king Asia) ampong e masanting a panaun (poor weather conditions). Mibagsak king 0.6% ing pamandagul ning ekonomya kanitang 1998 manibat 5% kanitang [[1997]], pero mitas ya king 3% kanitang [[1999]] at 4% anyang [[2000]]. Mengaku ya ing gubyernung isundu na ing reporma ning ekonomya ba yang mitagal ing Filipinas king pamanasensu da reng newly industrialized countries o NIC (bayung mag-industriyalisang bansa) ning [[Aslagang Asia]]. Abita'na pababa ning mabayat a utang (77% ning GDP ing utang ning kapamahalan o public debt) ing pamagpursiging samasan ya ing kabilyan ning ekonomya. Mas matas pa ing dake ning budget a makasadya para king pamamayad utang kesa ketang piyabe rang dake ding Departamentu ning Edukasyon ampong militar. Kayabe king planu ing pamipasanting ning [[:en:infrastructure|inprastuktura]], pamibayu king sistema ning [[:en:tax|bwis]] bang miragdagan ing panakitan ning kapamahalan, lalu pang deregulasyon ampong [[:en:privatization|privatization]] ning ekonomya, ampo ing pamipasikan king pamibuklud-buklud ning kalakal king rehiyon. Magdependi yang maragul ing ing paintungulan (prospects for the future) king kabilyan ning ekonomya da reng kayang maragul diling ka-negosyu, ing [[:en:United States|America]] ampo ing [[Japan|Japon]], pamanibalang mas maki kapakibatan, ampong tuntunan ning kapamahalan a e marlas manaliwa. == Demographics == {{seemain|Demographics of the Philippines}} "Filipino" ing pangkabilugan aus kareng memalen ning Filipinas. Kanitang mabilug a panaung kolonyal, deng Castilang mibait king Filipinas ing awsan dang "Filipinu". Anyang bandang tawli da no mu inabe deng eganaganang tau king Filipinas nanuman ing karelang lahi. Kareng okasyun a e pormal, "Pinoy" ("Pinay" kareng bábai) ing aus da king sarili da deng Filipinu. Ibat ya ing katayang ''Pinoy'' kareng mumunang apat a letra ning ''Pilipino'' a tiglungan ning [[diminutive]] o pampalating ]] [[suffix]] ''- y''. Ing ginawa kaniting kataya ila pin deng Filipinung dinayu king America kanitang dekadang 1920, at kaybat ginamit de reng Filipino king Filipinas. Metung ya muring palayo da reng Filipino ing ''Flip''. Ini murin migumpisa ya kanitang dekada 1920. Lipat ning ala ne mang e masanting a kabaldugan kanita, bala da reng aliwang Filipinu matsura ya buring sabyan. Agpang kareng estadistika ning kapamahalang Filipinu ampong datos ibat king sensus, keraklan (95.5%) da reng memalen, kayanib la kareng lahing magsalitang [[:en:Austronesian languages|amanung Austronesian]]. Ing maragul diling lahing e-Austronesian ila pin deng [[Chino]] (1.5%), a maragul papil king negosyu manibat pa anyang kasyam a siglu anyang minuna lang dinatang king Filipinas para king kalakal. Deta namang miyayaliwang klasing [[:en:mestizo|mistisu]], Filipino-Español, Filipino-Americano, o Filipino-Chino la man, ditak la mu, oneng maragul ing karelang papil king pulitika ampong ekonomya. Karetang mitatagan a (1%), keraklan kareti bibilugan da reng komunidad a pangtribung [[Negrito]] manuknangan kareng mangarayung lugal king libutad da reng isla, ampo retang mas mangalating minoryang [[:en:expatriate|expatriate]]. Kayabe la keti reng [[:en:Spaniards|Español]] at aliwang [[:en:Europeans|Europeo]], [[Mexican]]o at aliwang [[:en:Latin Americans|Latin Americans]], [[North American]], [[:en:Japanese|Japon]], [[:en:Korean|Korean]]o, [[:en:East Indian|East Indian]], (Tamil ampong Sindhi), [[Arab]]o ampong [[Vietnam]]ese. Karetang (95.5%) a kayabe kareng dakal a grupong etnolingwistiko ning bansa, keraklan kareti kayanib la kareng magsalitang labing adwang amanu. Deng maragul dili kareti ila ring [[:en:Tagalog|Tagalog]], [[Bikol language|Bikolano]], [[Waray-Waray language|Waray-Waray]], [[Kapampangan]], [[Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]], [[Kinaray-a language|Kinaray-a]], [[Maranao language|Maranao]], [[Maguindanao language|Maguindanao]], ampong [[Tausug language|Tausug]]. Metung ya kareng bansang dakal dili myayaliwang lahi king Asia ing Filipinas. Kareting milabasan a banwa, manigobra ya ing kapamahalan bang miragdagan ing pamilupa-lupa da reti king kultura. Agyang ing Filipino ing gewa rang opisyal a amanu ning bansa, halus kaparehu ne pa murin ning Tagalug, at (24%) na mu ning populasyon ing maki tubung amanu kaniti. King dinalán a banwa manibat anyang 1903 Census of the Philippines, meragul yang labing metung a besis ing populasyon ning bansa. Metung yang maragul a prublema ing sobrang populasyon, a misnang katas kesa king replacement rate o itang kaylangan ba yang miyalilan. E mikasundu ing kapamahalan ampo ing Iglesia Catolica kareng miyayaliwang paralan ning pamag-kontrol king populasyon - artipisyal a paralan (contraceptives, sterilization, atlwp.) laban kareng natural (abstinence at spacing). == Deng Amanu == {{seemain|Languages of the Philippines}} Maygit lang dinalan pitumpulu deng amanung magagamit king Filipinas, at halus eganagana kareti kayabe la kareng [[Malayo-Polynesian languages|Western Malayo-Polynesian languages]]. Deng [[official languages|amanung opisyal]] ila ring [[Filipino language|Filipino]] (a makabasi king [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]]) ampo ing [[:en:American English|American English]]. Deng aliwang amanung [[:en:native|tubu]]ng mangaragul ilapin deti: [[Cebuano language|Cebuano]], [[Ilocano language|Ilocano]], [[Waray-Waray language|Waray-Waray]], [[Amánung Ilonggu|Ilonggu]], [[Bikol language|Bikol]], [[Kapampangan]], [[Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]], [[Kinaray-a language|Kinaray-a]], [[Maranao language|Maranao]], [[Maguindanao language|Maguinadanao]], [[Tausug language|Tausug]], ampong [[Chabacano language|Chabacano]]. Deng amanung [[:en:Foreign|dayu]] ila pin deng [[Spanish language|Castila]] kareng Español ampong komunidad a Español-Filipino, [[Chinese language|Chino]] ([[Min Nan]] (Hokkien), [[Cantonese language|Cantonese]], ampong [[Mandarin (linguistics)|Mandarin]]) kareng komunidad a Chino ampong Chino-Filipino, ampong [[Malay language|Malay]], [[Arabu language|Arabic]], at [[Hindi]] kareng [[Muslim]] ampong [[Hindu]]. ''Lon ya rin ing:'' [[Spanish in the Philippines]] == Kalinangan o Kultura == {{seemain|Culture of the Philippines}} Antimo ing kayang amlat (kasalesayan o history), misasamut ing tradisyon ning aslagan ampong albugan king kultura ning Filipinas. Makabasi ya iti king kultura da reng myayaliwang lahi, nung nu dakal a misamut a impluwensiyang [[:en:foreign|dayuan]]: ibat king China, Islam ampong Hinduism angga king España, Mexico at Pangulung America (North America). Uli ning kayang makaba at komplikadung amlat, maragul ing utang ning Filipinas kareng kaugalyan at tradisyong [[:en:Hispanic|ibat España]]. Minaliwa murin ing impluwensiyang kultural at katangian da reng keraklan a tau ngening milabasan a dinalan a banwa uling king pamakitalamitam kareng aliwang kultura, kayabe ne ing [[:en:United States of America|America]] ampo reng kasiping a bansa king [[:en:Asia|Asia]]. Ngening milabasan a mapilan a banwa, minaliwa la pamanisip ampong kaugalyan deng keraklan kareng Filipinung [[:en:urban|kareng syudad]] uling king [[:en:pop culture|pop culture]] ibat king [[America]], [[Japon]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Taiwan]], [[Singapore]] ampong [[People's Republic of China|China]]. Manatili la pa murin karing Filipinu kareng kabundukan [[:en:Negrito|Negrito]], detang manuknangan kareng bunduk ning [[Luzon]], [[Visayas]], [[Mindanao]] ampong aliwang mangarayung kagubatan [[:en:mangatwa|ancient]] ing kapaniwalan da reng karelang pipumpunan (ancestors) at kakawani da ing karelang sarili king makabáyung sosyedad. Aliwa ing kultura da kareng aliwang Filipinu. King paglalawe da reng aliwa, ing karelang pamibyebye ing tuneng [[:en:indigenous|tubung]] kultura ning kapulwang Filipinu. Karas king [[:en:nationalism|nasyonalismu]], [[:en:politics|pulitika]], at [[:en:government|kapamahalan]], mas malapit ing karakter ning Filipinas king [[:en:Latin America|Latin America]] kesa kareng kasiping nang bansa king Asia. E la kumulang deng tangkang [[coup d'état]] o pamanyamsam gubyernu ketang milabasan a adwang apulung banwa, at adwa la reng migtagumpe. Maragul ing papil ning [[:en:Roman Catholic Church|Iglesia Catolica]] king pisamban ampo king kapamahalan. Basan la rin deti: * [[:en:Hispanic culture in the Philippines|Hispanic culture in the Philippines]] * [[:en:Religion in the Philippines|Religion in the Philippines]] * [[:en:Filipino cuisine|Filipino cuisine]] * [[:en:List of Filipinos|List of Filipinos]] == Panyulat o Literatura == Dela da reng [[:en:Spaniards|Castila]] ibat king España kanitang [[1565]] ing karelang amanu ampong cultura. Mitatag lang sistema da reng myayaliwang uri king sosyedad (class system) a makabasi king lahi, at e miglwat, pepairal de ing relihyung [[:en:Roman Catholic|Catolicu]] kareng memalen a tubung Austronesian. Linakad la kareng myayaliwang isla deng misyonerung [[:en:Augustinian|Agustinu]] ampong [[:en:Francsican|Franciscanu]], kayabe da ring sundalung Castila, a darlan da ing Cristianismu. Meging lalung malagwa ing karelang misyun uling sapilitan dong inalis deng tau, at itang organisadung dayung relihyun ing meging bayu nang sentru ning karelang bye. Magsermun la kareng amanung balen deng pari, at pepagobra lang [[:en:translator|talapanlíkas]] (translator) manibat kareng memalen, ating lintong uring bilingual (adwa amanu) a awsan dang [[:en:ladino|ladino]]. E ro tuturung Castila deng keraklan kareng tubung memalen, a inaus dang 'indios,' pero detang taung bilingual, alimbawa itang poeta at talapanlikas a i [[Gaspar Aquino de Belen]], mekagawa lang poesyang pangrelihyun (devotional poetry) king [[:en:Tagalog|Tagalug]] a makasulat king sulat a Romanu. Kukwentu ne ning [[:en:pasyon|pasyun]], a inumpisan nang Gaspar Aquino de Belen, ing pamagkasakit, pangamate at pamisubli nang mebyeng Jesucristo. Ating myayaliwang bersyon na niti, kayabe no reng mapilan king Kapampangan. Anyang kai, linto la reng kuriru (corrido), detang popular a dalit king bersu tungkul king panga-kabalyeru (chivalry). Deti ilang meging modelu para king literatura o panyulat a [[:en:secular|sekular]]. Deta namang makabersung kwentu, o kumidya, papalage ra la kareng [[:en:regional languages|amanung panrehiyon]] para kareng keraklan a e byasang mamasa. Makasulat la rin king alpabetung Romanu kareng manimunang amanu ning bansa, at marayu la darasan. Bukud king mismung literatura ([[José Rizal]], [[Pedro Paterno]]), makasulat la king Castila deng dokumentung pangkasalesayan ([[dalit pambansa]], [[Constitución Política de Malolos]]), oneng e ne magagamit a amanung opisyal iti. Angga kanitang [[:en:1946|1946]]], gagamit la pang Castila deng talasulat a Filipinu. Metung yang arkitektu, pintor, talaturu, ekonomista, [[ethnologist]], Syentipikung ortelanu, historian, inventor, peryodista, linguist, musician, mythologist, [[:en:nationalist|nasyonalista]], naturalist, nobelista, siruhanu [[Ophthalmology|king mata]], poeta, propagandista, eskultor and sociologist. Itang minunang [[Presidenti]] ning [[United Nations]] General Assembly metung yang Filipinu - i [[:en:Carlos Peña Romulo|Carlos Peña Romulo]]. Ing metung kareng mapya king boksing (boxing greats), i [[Flash Elorde]], Filipinu ya naman. Ngening milabasan a mapilang banwa, miragdagan la reng manimunang bayani king pasiknangan (sports) kayabe no ri Paeng Nepomuceno a mekata-lima meging kampeon ning World Cup, i [[:en:Manny Pacquiao|Manny Pacquiao]] a sinikat king [[:en:boxing|boksing]], ampo i [[Efren "Bata" Reyes]] a dakal nang besis migkampeo king [[:en:billiards|bilyar]]. Dakal ya pambansang bayani ing Filipinas. I [[:en:Lapu-Lapu|Lapu-Lapu]] ning isla ning [[:en:Mactan|Mactan]], a mekamate kang Ferdinand Magellan, ing tuturing dang minunang mitabî kareng dayuang ibat king albugan. I [[José Rizal]] , a mibait king balen ning Calamba, Laguna kanitang Junio 19, 1861, ing aswan dang "Pride of the Malay Race" ampong "Philippine National Hero". Mebyasa yang adwampulu't adwang amanu: [[Catalan language|Catalan]], [[Chinese language|Chino]], [[English language|Ingles]], [[French language|French]], [[German language|German]], [[Greek language|Greek]], [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Japanese language|Japon]], [[Latin]], [[Malay language|Malay]], [[Sanskrit]], [[Spanish language|Castila]], [[Tagalog language|Tagalug]], at aliwang [[:en:language|amanung]] tubu (native languages). == Deng Landmark == [[File:Beach in Boracay in May, 2014.JPG|thumb|400px|Pagmaragul ning [[Boracay]] ([[Aklan]], [[Filipinas]]) ing kayang maputing bebe dagat ampong asul a kadayatan. Ing pekamasanting a dake na niti yapin itang metung a kilometrung maputing bebe dagat a yawsan dang "finest beach in the world." Mababo itang danum a makapaligid at mas mapinu at mas maputi ing balas kesa king keraklan kareng beach king kapulwan.]] Kayabe la kareng cultural at historic landmarks ning Filipinas ding [[Intramuros]] (ing matwang syudad a muralya (walled city) ning Menila, a mesira kanitang Kadwang Gerang Pangkabilugan at mitikdong pasibayu kaybat ning gera), [[:en:Fort Santiago|Fort Santiago]], [[:en:Fort San Pedro|Fort San Pedro]], [[:en:Magellan's Cross|Magellan's Cross]] (deng pisamban a Baroque Churches ning Filipinas), balen ning [[:en:Las Piñas|Las Piñas]] (nung nu ya atyu ing maragul diling bamboo organ king yatu) ampo reng makasalesayang balen ning [[:en:Vigan|Vigan]], [[:en:Cavite|Cavite]], [[:en:Colon City, street|Colon]] and [[Baleria]]. Deng aliwa pang World Heritage Site ila ring [[:en:Banaue Rice Terraces|Banaue Rice Terraces]], [[:en:Tubbataha Reef|Tubbataha Reef]], at [[Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park]]. Deng [[:en:Boracay|Isla ning Boracay]], [[:en:Chocolate Hills|Chocolate Hills]], [[:en:El Nido|El Nido]], [[:en:Hundred Islands National Park|Hundred Islands National Park]], , [[:en:Mayon Volcano|Mayon Volcano]], [[:en:Maria Christina Falls|Maria Christina Falls]], [[:en:Mount Apo|Mount Apo]], [[:en:Puerto Galera|Puerto Galera]], , [[:en:Pagsanjan Falls|Pagsanjan Falls]], [[:en:San Juanico Bridge|San Juanico Bridge]], [[:en:Taal Volcano|Taal Volcano]] ampong [[:en:Huluga Caves|Huluga Caves]] ing aliwa pa kareng lugal a marlas dang pupuntalan deng turista. Maragul murin ing kabaldugan da king amlat ning [[:en:Bataan|Bataan]] ampo ing [[:en:Corregidor|Corregidor]], detang tawli dang balwarti deng sundalung Americanu king Asia. Kilala ya ing Bataan ketang mitmung kasakitan (infamous) a [[:en:Bataan Death March|Death March]]. == Suglung (link) a palwal == === Gobierno === * [http://www.gov.ph www.gov.ph] {{Wayback|url=http://www.gov.ph/ |date=20120101105754 }} * [http://www.op.gov.ph www.op.gov.ph] {{Wayback|url=http://www.op.gov.ph/ |date=20070609185330 }} * [http://www.senate.gov.ph www.senate.gov.ph] * [http://www.congress.gov.ph www.congress.gov.ph] * [http://www.supremecourt.gov.ph www.supremecourt.gov.ph] {{Wayback|url=http://www.supremecourt.gov.ph/ |date=20080512084154 }} * [http://www.comelec.gov.ph www.comelec.gov.ph] * [http://www.dfa.gov.ph www.dfa.gov.ph] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dfa.gov.ph/ |date=20061205235233 }} * [http://www.wowphilippines.com.ph www.wowphilippines.com.ph] * [http://www.afp.mil.ph www.afp.mil.ph] === Media === * [http://www.inq7.net Philippine Daily Inquirer at GMA News] * [http://www.abs-cbnnews.com ABS-CBN News] * [http://www.philstar.com Philippine Star] * [http://www.mb.com.ph The Manila Bulletin Online] * [http://www.manilatimes.net The Manila Times Online] * [http://www.sunstar.com.ph Sun Star Network Online] * [http://www.tribune.net.ph The Daily Tribune Online] * [http://www.malaya.com.ph Malaya Online] * [http://www.today.net.ph Today Online] * [http://www.kabayanonline.com Kabayan Online] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kabayanonline.com/ |date=20191018220647 }} === Deng Miscelaneo === * [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/rp.html CIA World Factbook - ''Philippines''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/rp.html |date=20060528200256 }} * [http://www.filipinolinks.com Tanikalang Ginto] {{Wayback|url=http://www.filipinolinks.com/ |date=20220201115142 }} - * [http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317836/us317916/us559898/us559967/us559994/ LookSmart - ''Republic of the Philippines''] * [http://www.dmoz.org/Regional/Asia/Philippines/ Open Directory Project - ''Philippines''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dmoz.org/Regional/Asia/Philippines/ |date=20040819050600 }} * [http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/Countries/Philippines/ Yahoo! - ''Philippines''] {{Wayback|url=http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/Countries/Philippines/ |date=20050719013926 }} * [http://news.yahoo.com/fc?tmpl=fc&cid=34&in=world&cat=philippines Yahoo! News Full Coverage - ''Philippines''] * [http://www.WebQuartet.com WebQuartet.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.webquartet.com/ |date=20070822165812 }} - Philippine Search Engine and Directory * [http://www.yehey.com Yehey.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.yehey.com/ |date=20050115085947 }} - * [http://www.philsite.net Philippines Travel Guide] * [http://www.manilamail.com ManilaMail] * [http://www.odp.ph Philippine Directory] {{Wayback|url=http://www.odp.ph/ |date=20210225155256 }} * [http://www.philippines-hotel-resort.org Philippines Hotel & Resort] {{Wayback|url=http://www.philippines-hotel-resort.org/ |date=20141218013533 }} {{Mauling Aslagang Asia }} {{Asia}} [[Category:Asia]] [[Category:Mauling Aslagang Asia]] [[Category:Filipinas]] [[Category:Deng Bangsa]] [[Category:ASEAN (Deng Bangsa)]] h6tryur7n7rlmi16u2x8fkntwdrexco 0 3180 312916 310541 2026-06-10T00:28:38Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Country |native_name = Қазақстан Республикасы<br />''Qazaqstan Respublïkası''<br />Республика Казахстан<br />''Respublika Kazakhstan'' |conventional_long_name = Republic of Kazakhstan |common_name = Kazakhstan |national_motto = none |image_flag = Flag of Kazakhstan.svg |image_coat = Coat of arms of Kazakhstan.gif |image_map = KazakhstanWorldMap.png |national_anthem = [[My Kazakhstan]] |official_languages = [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], [[Russian language|Russian]] |capital = [[Nursultan]] |latd=51 |latm=10 |latNS=N |longd=71 |longm=30 |longEW=E | |largest_city = [[Almaty]] |government_type = [[Republic]] |leader_titles = [[President of Kazakhstan|President]]<br />[[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Minister]] |leader_names = [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]<br />[[Askar Mamin]] |area_rank = 9th |area_magnitude = 1 E7 |area_km2= 2717300 |areami²= 1,049,155<!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> |percent_water = 1.7% |population_estimate = 15,185,844 |population_estimate_year = 2005 |population_estimate_rank = 61st |population_census = |population_census_year = |population_density_km2= 5.6 |population_densitymi² =14.5 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> |population_density_rank = 182nd |GDP_PPP_year= 2005 <!--cia.gov--> |GDP_PPP = $132.7 billion |GDP_PPP_rank = 56th |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $8,700 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 92nd |sovereignty_type = [[Independence]] |established_events = [[History of Kazakhstan#Sovereignty and Independence|Declared]] |established_dates = From the [[Soviet Union]]<br />[[December 16]], [[1991]] |HDI_year = 2003 |HDI = 0.761 |HDI_rank = 80th |HDI_category = <font color="#FFCC00">medium</font> |currency = [[Kazakhstani tenge|Tenge]] |currency_code = KZT |country_code = KAZ |time_zone = |utc_offset =+5<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zakon.kz/obshestvo/6425975-kazakhstan-perekhodit-na-edinyy-chasovoy-poyas-chto-nuzhno-znat.html|title=Казахстан переходит на единый часовой пояс: что нужно знать|lang=ru|first=|last=|website=[[zakon.kz]]|date=2024-02-29|access-date=}}</ref> |cctld = [[.kz]] |calling_code = 7 |footnotes = }} Ing '''Kazakhstan''', mika-kulitan a '''Kazakstan''', ([[Kazakh language|Kazakh]]: ?аза?станhstan''', mika-kulitan mu naman '''Kazakstan''', ([[Kazakh language|Kazakh?]? ? ?ЄC Казастан?z?x?st?n/}}), ing peka-opisyal a '''Republica ning Kazakhstan''', metung yang bangsa a makayatsat king malapad a karinan ning pangulung at kalibudatarang [[Eurasia]]. Ing [[Countries in both Europe and Asia|dake]] ning kayang sasakupan albugan ning [[Ilug Ural]] atyu king peka-aslagan ning [[Europa]]. Ding kayang bangsang sepu ilapin ding [[Russia]], ing [[Maldang Republika ning Tsina]], at ding[[Central Asia|Kalibudtarang Asiang]] a bangsa [[Kyrgyzstan]], [[Uzbekistan]] at[[Turkmenistan]], at ating yang pampang king [[Daayt Malat ning Caspian]]. Ing Kazakhstan metung yang republika ning dating [[Pisanmetung a Soviet]] at ngeni kayanib ya keng [[Commonwealth ning Timawang States]]. Ing Kazakhstan iya ing pang-siyam a peka-malapad a bangsa king yatu dapot ing kayang mala-disiertung ([[steppe]]) at meging yang pang 57 kara keng populasyun. Ing populasyun inyang 2005 atin yang 15,100,500 a katau[http://www.stat.kz/en/info/stat-bul/stbr&e0303.pdf] {{Wayback|url=http://www.stat.kz/en/info/stat-bul/stbr%26e0303.pdf |date=20050415225803 }}, mibaba manibat keng 16,464,464 inyang 1989 [http://www.stat.kz/ru/dynamic/svedenia_rk/population/nas.htm] {{Wayback|url=http://www.stat.kz/ru/dynamic/svedenia_rk/population/nas.htm |date=20050323063127 }}. == Suglung Palwal == {{sisterlinks|Kazakhstan}} * {{wikivoyage}} * [http://www.kazmarket.com/ Kaz-Market Business Portal] * [http://www.professores.uff.br/hjbortol/arquivo/2006.1/applets/kazakhstan_en.html Kazakhstan's location on a 3D globe (Java)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.professores.uff.br/hjbortol/arquivo/2006.1/applets/kazakhstan_en.html |date=20061206001533 }} * [http://www.akorda.kz/page.php?lang=2 President of the Republic of Kazakhstan] {{Wayback|url=http://www.akorda.kz/page.php?lang=2 |date=20070405183348 }} * [https://archive.is/20130628113317/www.associatedcontent.com/article/17305/winter_sports_in_almaty_kazakhstan.html Article on Winter Sports in Kazakhstan] * [http://www.dinarstandard.com/current/KazakVision032906.htm Kazakhstan’s Vision Sets it up as an Investment Gateway to Central Asia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dinarstandard.com/current/KazakVision032906.htm |date=20060517141609 }} * [http://www.kz/ Welcome to Kazakhstan] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kz/ |date=20060706000910 }} * [http://www.suhbat.com/ Suhbat.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.suhbat.com/ |date=20090802211642 }} * [http://www.government.kz/en/default.asp Government of Kazakhstan] {{Wayback|url=http://www.government.kz/en/default.asp |date=20051107232512 }} * [http://www.nationalbank.kz/?switch=eng National Bank of Kazakhstan] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nationalbank.kz/?switch=eng |date=20100325191558 }} * [http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Kazakhstan.html Encyclopedia of the Nations - ''Kazakhstan''] * [http://dmoz.org/Regional/Asia/Kazakhstan/ Open Directory Project - ''Kazakhstan''] {{Wayback|url=http://dmoz.org/Regional/Asia/Kazakhstan/ |date=20060422021809 }} directory category * [http://www.kazakhstannews.com/ World News Service - Kazakhstan] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kazakhstannews.com/ |date=20060507121735 }} * [http://www.khabar.kz/eng/ Khabar: Kazakhstan News Agency] * [http://www.advantour.com/kazakhstan/ Kazakhstan: Travel Guide] * [http://www.kazakhstanpost.com/ The Kazakhstan Post] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kazakhstanpost.com/ |date=20060507223154 }} * [http://www.timesca.com/news/AllNews/Kazakhstan The Times of Central Asia (Kazakhstan events)] * [https://archive.is/20121212131208/www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/kazak.html US Dept. of Energy Country Analysis Brief] {{Kalibudtarang_Asia}} {{Asia}} {{Commonwealth_of_Independent_States}} {{Eurasian_Economic_Community}} {{Europe}} [[Category:Deng Bangsa]] [[Category:Kazakhstan| ]] [[Category:Eurasia]] [[Category:Central Asian countries]] [[Category:Bicontinental countries]] [[Category:Landlocked countries]] 1wwo6bz9125ek8k9izfszhjot8ubo5o 0 5253 312924 310241 2026-06-10T04:15:59Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Edison}} {{Infobox Celebrity | name = Thomas Alva Edison | image = Thomas_Edison.jpg | caption = <div style="font-size: 90%">"''Genius is one percent inspiration, ninety-nine percent perspiration''." - Thomas Edison, [[Harper's Magazine|Harper's Monthly]] (September 1931)</div> | birth_date =[[Pebreru 11]] [[1847]] | birth_place =[[Milan, Ohio]], [[United States]] | death_date =[[Octubri 18]] [[1931]] | death_place =[[West Orange, New Jersey]], [[United States]] | occupation = [[Inventor]], [[entrepreneur]] | spouse = Mary Edison, Mina Edison | website = | footnotes = }} [[File:A day with Thomas A. Edison.webm|thumb|thumbtime=1|upright=1.1|{{en}} ''A Day with Thomas Edison'' (1922)]] Y '''Thomas Alva Edison''' ([[Pebreru 11]] [[1847]] – [[Octubri 18]] [[1931]]) metung yang [[United States|Americanung]] [[menimbentu]] at [[mangalakal]] a migpalual a dkal a kagamitan at menaliwa ing pamibiebie da ring tau king mabilug a yatu anggang king pang21 a Mayayaus yang "Ing Wizard ning [[Edison, New Jersey|Menlo Park]]" ning metung a mamahayag, iuya ing mumunang menimbentu keng prinsiyipyu ning ausan dang [[mass production]] (o marakal a papalual) anggang keng processu ning [[inbensiyun]], at kaya mabibiye ing galal a pamilalang ning mumunang pamanyaliksik keng industriyang [[laboratoryu]]. deng aliwang imbentu ela menibat kaya nune mesamasan la kareng menguang imbensiyun. Nanupata, y Edison mabibilang yang metung kareng pekamarkal diling imbensiyun agpang keng amlat, at tatalan keng [[List of Edison patents|1,097]] a U.S. [[patent]] keng kayang lagyu, at dakal pang pantents a king [[United Kingdom]], [[France]], at [[Germany]]. Mebie ya anggang king idad a 84. {{commonscat|Thomas Alva Edison}} * {{gutenberg author| id=Thomas+A.+Edison | name=Thomas Edison}} * [http://cylinders.library.ucsb.edu/search.php?query=edison&queryType=%40attr+1%3D1016 Edison cylinder recordings], from the [[Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project]] at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara]] Library. * [http://www.kino.com/edison 4-disc DVD set containing over 140 films produced by the Thomas Edison Company]. * [http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bledisonpatents.htm Complete list of 1,093 patents]{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. * See Thomas Edison's [http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals_iv/sections/thomas_edison_patent.html patent application for the light bulb] at the National Archives. * {{imdb name|id=0249379|name=Thomas Edison}} * [http://deadwoodelectrified1883.blogspot.com/ Historical Deadwood Newspaper accounts of Edison's 1880 placer and pulp sluicing process and electrifying Deadwood SD 1883 before the illumination of the White House 1891] ; Biography links * "''[http://www.worldwideschool.org/library/books/hst/biography/Edison/toc.html Edison, His Life And Inventions] {{Wayback|url=http://www.worldwideschool.org/library/books/hst/biography/Edison/toc.html |date=20000127091750 }}''" by ''Frank Lewis Dyer'' at Worldwideschool.org * "''[http://www.thomasedison.com/ Thomas Edison] {{Wayback|url=http://www.thomasedison.com/ |date=20101223172554 }}''," by ''Gerry Beales''. * "''[http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/john_murphy/edison.html Thomas Alva Edison]''" by ''John Patrick Michael Murphy''. * [http://www.projectshum.org/Edison/ A short Thomas Edison biography] {{Wayback|url=http://www.projectshum.org/Edison/ |date=20090205190818 }} * {{gutenberg|no=820|name=Edison, His Life and Inventions ''by Frank Lewis Dyer and Thomas Commerford Martin''}} * "''[http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/radio_history/gtnames/edison.php Thomas Alva Edison and the invention factory] {{Wayback|url=http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/radio_history/gtnames/edison.php |date=20070209141016 }}''" ; Historic sites * [http://www.tomedison.org/ Edison Birthplace Museum] * [http://www.edisonhouse.org/ Thomas Edison House] * [http://www.edison-ford-estate.com/ Thomas Edison Winter Estate] * [http://www.nps.gov/edis/ Edison National Historic Site] * [http://www.edisonnj.org/menlopark/ Menlo Park] {{Wayback|url=http://www.edisonnj.org/menlopark/ |date=20080916202419 }} * "Menlo Park Reminiscences, Volume 1," by Francis Jehl, originally published by Edison Institute, Dearborn, Michigan, 1937. Reprinted by Dover Publications, Mineola, NY, 1990. ISBN 0-486-26357-6 * [http://www.phmuseum.org/depot/depot.htm Edison Depot Museum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.phmuseum.org/depot/depot.htm |date=20021007230636 }} * [http://www.hfmgv.org/exhibits/edison/ Edison exhibit and Menlo Park Laboratory at Henry Ford Museum] ; Archives * [http://edison.rutgers.edu Rutgers: Edison Papers] * [http://edison.rutgers.edu/patents.htm Rutgers: Edison Patents] {{Wayback|url=http://edison.rutgers.edu/patents.htm |date=20120817173804 }} * [http://www.edisonian.com/ Edisonian Museum Antique Electrics] * [http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/edison/aa_edison_subj_e.html Thomas A. Edison in his laboratory in New Jersey, 1901] * "[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/edison/ Edison's Miracle of Light] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/edison/ |date=20161204032415 }}" ''[[American Experience]]'', [[PBS]]. * [http://americanhistory.si.edu/archives/d8069.htm William J. Hammer collection]{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} — c. 1874–1935, 1955–1957. Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. [[Category:Americanu menimbentu|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:American autodidacts|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:National Inventors Hall of Fame|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:Home schooled people|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:Congressional Gold Medal recipients|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:Deaf people|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:Thomas Edison| ]] [[Category:People with dyslexia|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:American vegetarians|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:Dutch Americans|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:1847 kebaitan|Edison, Thomas]] [[Category:1931 kematyan|Edison, Thomas]] rv1wshq168zr3st4njdr4tm5f33lzzf 0 7823 312922 312890 2026-06-10T02:38:55Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coor title dms|44|57|35|N|7|55|10|E|type:adm1st(4341733)|region:IT}} {{otheruses1|the [[Italy|Italian]] region}} {{Infobox Region of Italy | name = Piedmont (en), Piemont (pie), Piemonte (it), Piémont (fr) | fullname = Regione Piemonte (it) |Labuad Piedmont (kap) | isocode = &nbsp; | capital = [[Turin]] | governor = [[Mercedes Bresso]]<br />(''[[Democrats of the Left|DS]]''-''[[The Union (political coalition)|Union]]'') | zone = [[Northwestern Italy]] | province = 8 | municipality = 1,206 | arearank = 2nd | area = 25,399 | areapercent = 8.4 | population_as_of = 2006 est. | populationrank = 6th | population = 4,341,733 | populationpercent = 7.4 | populationdensity = 171 | coatofarms = [[File:Flag of Piedmont.svg|200px]] | map = [[File:Italy Regions Piedmont Map.png]] | }} == Ding Lalawigan == Ing Piedmont atin yang walung lalawigan: [[File:Piedmont Provinces.png|450px|Lalawigan ning Piedmont.]] * [[Lalawigan ning Alessandria|Alessandria]] * [[Lalawigan ning Asti|Asti]] * [[Lalawigan ning Biella|Biella]] * [[Lalawigan ning Cuneo|Cuneo]] * [[Lalawigan ning Novara|Novara]] * [[Lalawigan ning Turin|Turin]] * [[Lalawigan ning Verbano-Cusio-Ossola|Verbano-Cusio-Ossola]] * [[Lalawigan ning Vercelli|Vercelli]] == Ding Lakanbalen == Ing lakanbalen ning Piedmont a atin populasyun a 50,000 o maiggit pa: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Comune ! Populasyun (2006 est.) |- | [[Turin]] | 900,608 |- | [[Novara]] | 102,817 |- | [[Alessandria]] | 91,593 |- | [[Asti]] | 73,734 |- | [[Moncalieri]] | 55,983 |- | [[Cuneo]] | 54,817 |- | [[Rivoli]] | 50,213 |} == Dalerayan == <references/> == Lawen ya rin == * The [[XX Olympic Winter Games]] * [[Kingdom of Sardinia]] * [[Battle of Marengo]] (14 June 1800) * [[Battle of Novara]] (1849) * [[Gianduja]] == Larawan Galleria == <gallery> Image:Chiappera1.jpg|<center>Acceglio</center> Image:Acqui Terme – the cathedral.jpg|<center>Acqui Terme</center> Image:Asti Cathedral.jpg|<center>Asti</center> Image:Biella-Teatro Sociale-2-bis.jpg|<center>Biella</center> Image:Isola San Giulio.jpg|<center> Isola San Giulio</center> Image:Macugnaga.JPG|<center>Macugnaga</center> Image:Turin monte cappuccini.jpg|<center>Turin</center> Image:Verbania Pallanza.jpg|<center>Verbania</center> </gallery> == suglung Palwal == === Agencia ning Gubyernu === * [http://www.regione.piemonte.it/ Piemonte Region: Official Site] * [http://www.consiglioregionale.piemonte.it/ Consiglio Regionale] * [http://www.arpa.piemonte.it/ ARPA Piemonte] {{Wayback|url=http://www.arpa.piemonte.it/ |date=20060510000700 }} (environmental protection agency) * [http://www.piemonte.istruzione.it/ Ufficio Scolastico Regionale] {{Wayback|url=http://www.piemonte.istruzione.it/ |date=20060614220139 }} (school district) === Tourismu Portal === * [http://www.italy-weather-and-maps.com/maps/italy/piedmont.gif Map of Piedmont] {{Wayback|url=http://www.italy-weather-and-maps.com/maps/italy/piedmont.gif |date=20060623033911 }} * [http://www.globalgeografia.com/italia/piemonte.htm Global Geografia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.globalgeografia.com/italia/piemonte.htm |date=20060613014919 }} * [http://www.piemondo.it/ Piemondo] * [http://www.piemonte-emozioni.it/ Piemonte Emozioni] {{Wayback|url=http://www.piemonte-emozioni.it/ |date=20060903192603 }} * [http://www.piemonteweb.it/pw/Home.asp Piemonte Web] * [http://www.itinerari-piemonte.it/ Itinerari Piemonte] {{Wayback|url=http://www.itinerari-piemonte.it/ |date=20061211221214 }} * [http://www.sacrimonti.net/User/index.php?PAGE=Sito_it/Catalogo_eng Official English website for European Sacred Mounts] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080202035900/http://www.freewebs.com/photoitalia/piemonte.htm Piedmont Picture Gallery] * [http://digilander.libero.it/fotogian/piemonte.html Photos] * [http://www.paradoxplace.com/Perspectives/Venice%20&%20N%20Italy/Piemonte/Truffle_Festival/Tartufo_Festival_2006_1.htm Piedmont Wine, Truffle and Food Festival Photo Pages] {{Wayback|url=http://www.paradoxplace.com/Perspectives/Venice%20%26%20N%20Italy/Piemonte/Truffle_Festival/Tartufo_Festival_2006_1.htm |date=20160603102639 }} {{Regions of Italy}} [[Category:Piedmont| ]] [[Category:NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union]] [[Category:Wine regions of Italy]] 6thjf3mu664gnnzpmxs9jicps460hyo 0 10993 312919 301712 2026-06-10T01:39:05Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wiktionary|hammer}} [[File:Hammer2.jpg|right|thumb|Metung a makabayung martiliung de kabra]] Ing '''martiliu''' (‘’hammer’’ king Ingles) kasangkapan yang pamukpuk kareng bage. Ing karaniwan a gamit na niti, ila pin deng pámukpuk [[w:nail|páku]], pamilapat kareng dake da reng gamit, ampong pamaglasak o pamangalag kareng bage. Keraklan, megawa la para king partikular a gamit deng martiliu, at miyayaliwa la tabas ampong pangabalangkas. Keraklan, bibilugan ne ning pulu o talanan ampong buntuk ing martiliu, nung nu atyu king buntuk ing keraklan king bayat na niti. Paganan ya king gamat ing pekasimpling diseniu, pero atin muring modelung de makina para kareng mangabayat a obra. Ing maritiliu ing pekamaulagang kasangkapan kareng dakal a obra o propesion, at malyari ya muring gamitan anting [[w:war hammer|sandata]]. Mapalyaring iti ing matuang diling kasangkapan ning tau{{Fact|date=June 2007}}. == Amlat == Kanita pang manga 2,400,000 BCE (maigit aduang miliung banua Bayu i Cristo), gagamitan da no reng batung miyayaliwa tabas king pamamukpuk king dutung, butul ampo kareng aliwang batu, king pamamirasu kareti, ampo king pamandukit kareti. Gagamitan da la reng batung makatuglung kareng taiktik (stick) kapamilatan da reng mangakabang pirasung balat o litid animal kanita pang atlung libung banua Bayu i Cristo (30,000 BCE) aniang libutad ning [[w:Paleolithic|Paleolithic Stone Age]]. == Diseniu ampong pamiyaliwa-liwa == Ing pekamaulagang dake ning martiliu ya pin ing buntuk, metung a siksik a pirasung malyaring pamukpuk ketang bageng sukat turan, a e madidisporma. Deng maralas dang gagamitan a martiliu ila pin deng makatuki: * deng martiliu da reng aluagi o karpinteru, (a gagamitan da king pamamaku), anti ing [[framing hammer]] ampo ing [[martiliung de kabra]] (claw hammer) * [[upholstery hammer]] * martiliung gagamitan king pamanikdong bale (construction hammers) kayabe ne ing [[masu]] * drilling hammer - metung a masung mayan ampong makuyad talanan * martiliung de bola (ball-peen hammer), or martiliung pang-mekaniku (mechanic’s hammer) * cross-peen hammer, o Warrington hammer * [[mallet]]s, including the rubber hammer and [[dead blow hammer]]. * [[Splitting maul]] * [[stonemason's hammer]] * [[Geologist's hammer]] o rock pick * [[lump hammer]], o club hammer * [[gavel]], a gagamitan da reng ukum ampong reng opisial a mamuntukan * Tinner's Hammer <gallery> image:hammer2.jpg|[[Claw hammer|Martiliung de kabra]] Image:Framing hammer.jpg|[[Framing hammer]] Image:GeologicalHammerSolidForgedHead.png|[[Geologist's hammer]] Image:Hammer tapissier.jpg|[[Upholstery hammer]] Image:Hammer-1.jpg|[[Cross-peen hammer]] Image:Ball-peen hammer 380mm.JPG|[[Ball-peen hammer|Martiliung de bola]] Image:Mallet.jpg|Rubber mallet Image:Wooden mallet.jpg|Wooden [[mallet|malieti]] </gallery> Keraklan, aliwa la itsura deng martiliung de makina kareng kasangkapang gamat, dapot gagana la king metung mung prinsipiu. Kayabe la kareti deni: * [[jackhammer]] * [[steam hammer]] * [[trip hammer]] * [[hammer drill]], metung a kombinasiun ning piesang balamu jackhammer ampong [[barena]] Kareng aluaging gagawang [[w:framing (construction)|kuadru]], lalu na kareng masulung a bangsa, alus miyalilan ne king [[nail gun]] ing martiliu. King propesiun namang upholstery, ing [[staple gun]] naman ing kakumpitensia ning martiliu. == Deng kasangkapan a magagamit kayabe ning martiliu == * [[w:Wedge (mechanical device)|Woodsplitting wedge]] - pupukpukan yang masu ba yang mabangal ing dutung. * [[w:Splitting maul|Woodsplitting maul]] - can be hit with a sledgehammer for splitting wood. * Masonry star drill * [[Pat]] * [[w:Punch (engineering)|Punch]] * [[Pandayan]] (anvil) == Suglung palual == * [http://www.diracdelta.co.uk/science/source/h/a/hammer/source.html Hammer types] {{Wayback|url=http://www.diracdelta.co.uk/science/source/h/a/hammer/source.html |date=20090702011323 }} images and descriptions. * [http://www.hammermuseum.org The Hammer Museum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hammermuseum.org/ |date=20110905075950 }} The world's only museum about the place of the hammer in human history. {{Commons category|Hammers}} {{Types of tools}} [[Category:Hammers| ]] [[Category:Mechanical hand tools]] [[Category:Metalworking hand tools]] [[Category:Woodworking hand tools]] eyezbtel3kv2yw11aon6cye1lbnyf1z 0 17994 312923 312795 2026-06-10T03:47:10Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox building |name = The Shard |image = Shard London Bridge May 2012.JPG |image_size = 250px |caption = The Shard anyang Mayo 2012 |highest_region = Europa |highest_start = 2012 |highest_prev = [[Commerzbank Tower]] |highest_end = |highest_next = |start_date = Marzo 2009 |completion_date = Julio 2012 |status= Yari |location = 32 London Bridge Street, [[Southwark]], [[London]], England, United Kingdom, SE1 9SG |latd = 51| latm = 30| lats = 16| latNS = N |longd = 0| longm = 5| longs = 12| longEW = W |iso_region = GB |coordinates_display= title |roof = {{convert|304.1|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} |antenna_spire = {{convert|309.6|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} |floor_count = 95 (Including [[Mechanical floor|plant floors]]), 72 (habitable) |floor_area = {{convert|1200000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} |architect = [[Renzo Piano]] |developer = [[Sellar Property Group]] |structural_engineer= Turner & Townsend (Project Managers), [[WSP Group|WSP Cantor Seinuk]] (Structural Engineers), [[Robert Bird Group]] (concrete temporary works) Ischebeck Titan on most floors 40+ for concrete support |main_contractor = [[Mace (company)|Mace]] |services_engineer = [[Arup]] |initial est. cost = £350m |cost = ~ £450 million<ref>[http://thelondonshard.com/faq/how-much-did-the-london-shard-cost-to-build "How much did the London Shard cost to build?"] {{Wayback|url=http://thelondonshard.com/faq/how-much-did-the-london-shard-cost-to-build |date=20120118052751 }} The London Shard. Retrieved 15 November 2011.</ref> |references =<ref>{{emporis|101995}}</ref>}} Ing '''Shard London Bridge''' o '''The Shard''' (a sadya dang awsang '''London Bridge Tower'''<ref>[http://www.designbuild-network.com/projects/london-bridge/ London Bridge Tower, London]. Design Build Network. Retrieved 7 July 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/index.php?fuseaction=wanappln.projectview&upload_id=1387 |work=World Architecture News |accessdate =7 July 2010 |date= 10 September 2007 |title= Shard funding crisis: Tower finances cast shadow over project}}</ref> o '''Shard of Glass''')<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23651085-28bn-shard-of-glass-to-start-its-ascent.do |title= £28bn Shard of Glass to start its ascent |newspaper= London Evening Standard |date= 24 February 2009 |accessdate= 7 July 2010 |first= Mira |last= Bar-Hillel |archivedate= 27 May 2010 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100527082453/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23651085-28bn-shard-of-glass-to-start-its-ascent.do }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.nce.co.uk/news/structures/work-starts-on-shard-of-glass/1996445.article |title= Work starts on Shard of Glass |work=New Civil Engineer |date=2 April 2009 |accessdate=7 July 2010}}</ref> metung yang [[skyscraper]] king [[Southwark]], London. Maki katas yang {{convert|309.6|m|ft}} babo ning gabun, at yang [[Listahan da reng pekamatas a gusali king Europa|pekamatas a gusali king Europa]] anyang Julio 2012. Iti murin ing kadang pekamatas a istruktura [[Listahan da reng pekamatas a istruktura king United Kingdom|king in United Kingdom]], katuki ning {{convert|330|m|ft|0|adj=on}} toreng kongkretu king [[Emley Moor transmitting station]]. Elilan ne ning The Shard ing [[Southwark Towers]], metung a 24-pisu o palapag a gusaling pang-upisina king katatalakaran na a mitikdo anyang 1975. I [[Renzo Piano]], ing arkitektu ning the Shard's architect, megobra ya king kumpanyang pang inhenyeria (''engineering firm'') a ing [[Broadway Malyan]] anyang panaun ning pamagplanu. Atin yang 72 pisu o palapag a malyaring gamitan ing tori, ampong viewing gallery at makabuklat a observation deck – ing pekamatas king UK – king ka-72ng pisu, king katas a {{convert|245|m|ft}}.<ref>[http://www.cnplus.co.uk/technical/tall-buildings/shard-observation-deck-to-be-europes-highest/5202330.article "Shard observation deck to be Europe's highest"]. CNPlus.co.uk, 20 May 2009. Retrieved 2 February 2012.</ref> Midisenyu ya ing The Shard king tabas o ubug a irregular a [[Pyramid (geometry)|pramide]] (''pyramid'') manibat king pundasyun angga king babo, at laganas yang mibabalut king salamin. Miyari ya ing kayang istruktura anyang Abril 2012, at mibuklat ya king publiku anyang 5 Julio 2012.<ref>[http://www.london-se1.co.uk/news/view/5976 "Prince Andrew and Qatari prime minister to open Shard on 5 July"]. LondonSE1, 30 April 2012. Retrieved 1 May 2012.</ref><ref name=GulfTi2012>[http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/article.asp?cu_no=2&item_no=478894&version=1&template_id=57&parent_id=56 "Qatar's Shard the tallest building in Europe now"]. ''Gulf Times'', 3 January 2012. Retrieved 6 January 2012.</ref> == Lon la murin == *[[30 St Mary Axe]] *[[Beetham Tower, London|Beetham Tower]] *[[List of tallest buildings and structures in London]] *[[List of tallest buildings in Europe]] *[[List of tallest buildings in the world]] == Dalerayan == {{Reflist|2}} == Bibliography == *Powell, Kenneth; "New London Architecture", (2001, Hugh Merell, London), pp.&nbsp;218–219. == Suglung palwal == {{Commons category}} *{{Official website|www.the-shard.com}} *{{twitter|LondonShard}} *[http://londonbridgequarter.com London Bridge Quarter website] {{Wayback|url=http://londonbridgequarter.com/ |date=20141218210625 }} *[http://www.docklandsdevelopments.ltd.uk/overview_media/shard%20london%20bridge.htm Overview of London Bridge Tower Project]{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} by [[Cliff L'Aimable]] *[http://www.building.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=583&storycode=3094541 Article describing the demolition and the tower's construction] *[http://www.londonbridgebid.co.uk The London Bridge BID Company] {{Wayback|url=http://www.londonbridgebid.co.uk/ |date=20081006170408 }} *[http://www.estatesgazette.com/shardspecial/ The Shard Special] {{Wayback|url=http://www.estatesgazette.com/shardspecial/ |date=20121002002216 }} on ''[[Estates Gazette]]'' *[http://www.gleeds.tv/index.cfm?video=657 James Sellar, CEO of Sellar Property Group, discusses the Shard of Glass at New London Architecture, 2010] {{Wayback|url=http://www.gleeds.tv/index.cfm?video=657 |date=20120808173225 }}(Video) *[http://shardldn.com General information, timeline and a gallery of pictures relating to the Shard] *[http://archive.is/20130103001508/sites.google.com/site/shardcam/ Shardcam] – live webcam image *[http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/ENG/LONDONBR.gif Computer generated virtual panorama] {{S-start}} {{s-ach|rec}} {{succession box | before=[[One Canada Square]] | title=<br />[[List of tallest buildings in London|Tallest building in London]] | years=2010—Present<br /></small><small>310m</small><br /> | after=None }} {{succession box | before=[[One Canada Square]] | title=<br />[[List of tallest buildings in the United Kingdom|Tallest building in the United Kingdom]] | years=2010—Present<br /><small>310m</small><br /> | after=None }} {{S-end}} {{Buildings in Europe timeline}} {{Buildings in the European Union timeline}} {{UKSkyscrapers|Under construction}} {{EUSkyscrapers}} {{London landmarks}} {{Supertall skyscrapers | under-construction}} {{Shangri-La Hotels}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2011}} [[Category:Redevelopment projects in London]] [[Category:Shangri-La Hotels]] [[Category:Skyscrapers in Southwark]] [[Category:Renzo Piano buildings]] [[Category:Skyscrapers between 300 and 349 meters]] [[Category:Residential skyscrapers in London]] [[Category:Skyscraper hotels]] 9xpgkbd8shgu0vlf5dh5fifkhz59wcv 0 18818 312918 306626 2026-06-10T01:21:28Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Officeholder |name = Mahinda Rajapaksa |birth_name = Percy Mahendra Rajapaksa |image = WEF on the Middle East Arab and foreign Ministers Crop.jpg |order = [[List of Presidents of Sri Lanka|6th]] |office = Pamuntuk ning Sri Lanka |primeminister = [[D. M. Jayaratne]] |term_start = 19 Noviembre 2005 |term_end = |predecessor = [[Chandrika Kumaratunga]] |successor = |office2 = [[Prime Minister of Sri Lanka]] |president2 = [[Chandrika Kumaratunga]] |term_start2 = 6 Abril 2004 |term_end2 = 19 Noviembre 2005 |predecessor2 = [[Ranil Wickremasinghe]] |successor2 = [[Ratnasiri Wickremanayake]] |office3 = [[Leader of the Opposition (Sri Lanka)|Leader of the Opposition]] |primeminister3 = [[Ranil Wickremasinghe]] |term_start3 = 9 Diciembre 2001 |term_end3 = 2 Abril 2004 |predecessor3 = [[Ranil Wickremasinghe]] |successor3 = [[Ranil Wickremasinghe]] |office4 = [[Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (Sri Lanka)|Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources]] |term_start4 = 1997 |term_end4 = 2001 |predecessor4 = |successor4 = |office5 = [[Ministry of Labour Relations and Manpower (Sri Lanka)|Minister of Labour]] |term_start5 = 1994 |term_end5 = 1997 |predecessor5 = |successor5 = |constituency_MP6 = [[Hambantota Electoral District|Hambantota]] |parliament6 = Sri Lankan |term_start6 = 1989 |term_end6 = 2005 |predecessor6 = |successor6 = |constituency_MP7 = [[Hambantota Electoral District|Hambantota]] |parliament7 = Sri Lankan |term_start7 = 1970 |term_end7 = 1977 |predecessor7 = |successor7 = |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1945|11|18|df=y}} |birth_place = [[Weerakatiya]], [[British Ceylon]] |death_date = |death_place = |party = [[United People's Freedom Alliance]]<br>[[Sri Lanka Freedom Party|Freedom Party]] |alma_mater = [[Richmond College (Sri Lanka)|Richmond College]]<br>[[Nalanda College Colombo]]<br>[[Thurstan College]]<br>[[Sri Lanka Law College]] |profession = Politician, Lawyer |spouse = [[Shiranthi Rajapaksa]]<br>(nee Wickremesinghe) |children = [[Namal Rajapaksa|Namal]]<br>Yoshitha<br>Rohitha |religion = [[Theravada Buddhism]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.president.gov.lk/mahinda_rajapaksa.php/ |title=Mahinda – The early years |publisher=President.gov.lk |date= |accessdate=2012-09-28 |archivedate=2012-09-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921005310/http://www.president.gov.lk/mahinda_rajapaksa.php }}</ref> |website = [http://www.president.gov.lk Official website] }} I '''Percy Mahendra "Mahinda" Rajapaksa''' ({{lang-si|මහින්ද රාජපක්ෂ}}, {{IPA-si|maˈhində ˈraːɟəˌpakʂə|pron}}, {{lang-ta|மகிந்த ராசபக்ச}}; mibait 18 Noviembre 1945) ing ka-6 a [[Pamuntuk ning Sri Lanka]] ampo ing [[Pekapun a Komandanti]] of the [[Ukbung Makiarmas ning Sri Lankan]]. Metung a abugadu agpang king propesyon i A lawyer by profession, Rajapaksa, a mumunang miyalal king [[Parlamento ning Sri Lanka]] anyang 1970, at migsilbi yang [[Pun Ministru ning Sri Lanka|Pun Ministru]] manibat 6 Abril 2004 anggang sumambut ya king [[Alalang pang-pamuntuk ning Sri Lanka, 2005|Alalang pang-pamuntuk ning 2005]]. Sinumps ys para king anam a banwang terminu antimong pamuntuk anyang 19 Noviembre 2005. Miyalal ya para king kadwang terminu anyang 27 Enero 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8482270.stm |title=(BBC) |publisher=BBC News |date=2010-01-27 |accessdate=2012-09-28}}</ref> ==Dalerayan== {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==Ding suglung a palual== {{wikisource author}} {{Sister project links|author=yes|wikt=no|v=no|b=no|n=Category:Mahinda Rajapaksa}} <!-- Please keep this section brief and simple to navigate. Specific pages already fully referenced within the article do not need repeating here. --> ;Official sites * [http://www.mahinda2010.lk/ Official Website of Mahinda Rajapaksa Presidential Election Campaign – 2010] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mahinda2010.lk/ |date=20091229035314 }} * [http://www.president.gov.lk/ Sri Lankan President's Official Website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.president.gov.lk/ |date=20110725214707 }} * [http://www.mahindarajapaksa.com Mahinda Rajapaksa's Web Site] * [http://www.srilankafreedomparty.org/ Sri Lanka Freedom Party's official Website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.srilankafreedomparty.org/ |date=20080302201452 }} ;News media * [http://www.dailynews.lk/2001/pix/picturegallery/picturegallery-home.htm Mahinda Rajapaksa's PICTURE GALLERY] * [http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2008/11/02/fea03.asp Interview with The Hindu] * [http://www.thesundayleader.lk/20090111/editorial-.htm Last Editorial By Lasantha Wickramatunga] {{Wayback|url=http://www.thesundayleader.lk/20090111/editorial-.htm |date=20121016035116 }} * [http://www.dailynews.lk/2004/07/01/new41.html Nalanda Keerthi Sri Award for Prime Minister] ;Other links * [http://www.rootsweb.com/~lkawgw/gen3086.html The Rajapaksa Ancestry] * [http://www.mahinda4srilanka.org "Mahinda 4 Sri Lanka"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mahinda4srilanka.org/ |date=20061007041111 }} A website with Mahinda Rajapaksa Biography, Photos, News and Critics {{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef|before=[[Ranil Wickremesinghe]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Prime Minister of Sri Lanka]]|years=2004–2005}} {{s-aft|after={{nowrap|[[Ratnasiri Wickremanayake]]}}}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[Chandrika Kumaratunga]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[President of Sri Lanka]]|years=2005–present}} {{s-inc}} {{s-dip}} {{s-bef|before=[[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[SAARC|Chair of SAARC]]|years=2008–present}} {{s-inc}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[Mahmoud Ahmadinejad]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Group of 15|Chair of G-15]]|years=2010–present}} {{s-inc}} {{s-end}} {{Members of 7th Parliament of Ceylon}} {{SriLankaPresidents}} {{SriLankaPrimeMinisters}} {{Current SAARC Leaders}} {{Authority control|VIAF=1889541}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rajapaksa, Mahinda}} [[Category:Ding Politiku]] [[Category:Ding Budista]] iyxnxoqoi6w6x1mlr26kfbzxxt7oemg 0 19329 312928 300702 2026-06-10T08:40:29Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Other uses}} {{Infobox settlement |name ={{raise|0.2em|Guangzhou}} |other_name = |official_name ={{longitem|style=font-size:110%;|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-cn|广州市}}}}}} |native_name ={{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|广州}}}}}} |settlement_type =[[Sub-provincial city in the People's Republic of China|Sub-provincial city]] |image_skyline =Guangzhou montage.png |image_caption =From top: [[Tianhe District|Tianhe]] CBD, the [[Canton Tower]] & [[Chigang Pagoda]], [[Haizhu Bridge]], [[Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall (Guangzhou)|Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall]], Statue of Five Goats, [[Zhenhai Tower (Guangzhou)|Zhenhai Tower]] in Yuexiu Park, and [[Sacred Heart Cathedral of Guangzhou|Sacred Heart Cathedral]]. |image_map = Guangdong subdivisions - Guangzhou.svg |map_caption = Lokasyun ning Guangzhou king Guangdong |pushpin_map =Tsina |pushpin_label_position= bottom |pushpin_map_caption =Lokasyun king Tsina |pushpin_mapsize = |coordinates_display =inline,title |coordinates_region =CN-44 |subdivision_type =Bangsa |subdivision_name =Maldang Republika ning Tsina |subdivision_type1 =[[Lalawigan ning Maldang Republika ning Tsina |Lalawigan]] |subdivision_name1 =[[Guangdong]] |established_title = |established_date = |parts_type = |parts = |government_type =Sub-provincial city |leader_title =[[Mayor of Guangzhou|CPC Ctte Secretary]] |leader_name =[[Wan Qingliang]] |leader_title1 =[[Mayor of Guangzhou|Mayor]] |leader_name1 =[[Chen Jianhua]] |area_total_km2 =7434 |area_total_sq_mi =2870 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 =3843 |area_urban_sq_mi =1484 |area_footnotes =<ref name="guangzhoustatarea">{{cite web|url=http://data.gzstats.gov.cn/gzStat1/yearqueryAction.do?method=displayRpt&ACTFLAG=3&FID=21901&RPTID=TJ_RPT_984248444736412557&RPTNAME=%CD%C1%B5%D8%C3%E6%BB%FD%BA%CD%C8%CB%BF%DA%C3%DC%B6%C8&FLTITLE=%B9%E3%D6%DD%CD%B3%BC%C6%D7%CA%C1%CF%282008%C4%EA%29|title={{lang|zh-cn|土地面积、人口密度（2008年）}}|publisher=Statistics Bureau of Guangzhou|accessdate=2010-02-08|archivedate=2019-01-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107053147/http://data.gzstats.gov.cn/gzStat1/yearqueryAction.do?method=displayRpt&ACTFLAG=3&FID=21901&RPTID=TJ_RPT_984248444736412557&RPTNAME=%CD%C1%B5%D8%C3%E6%BB%FD%BA%CD%C8%CB%BF%DA%C3%DC%B6%C8&FLTITLE=%B9%E3%D6%DD%CD%B3%BC%C6%D7%CA%C1%CF%282008%C4%EA%29}}</ref> |elevation_m =21 |elevation_ft =68 |elevation_footnotes = |population_total =12700800 |population_as_of =2010 |population_footnotes =<ref name="2010census">{{cite web|url=http://www.gzstats.gov.cn/tjgb/glpcgb/201105/t20110517_25227.htm|title={{lang|zh-cn|广州市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报}}|publisher=Statistics Bureau of Guangzhou|date=2011-05-16|language=Chinese|accessdate=2011-05-25|archivedate=2019-01-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107053144/http://www.gzstats.gov.cn/gzstats/error404.shtml}}</ref> |population_density_km2 =1708 |population_density_sq_mi =4425 |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_urban =11070654 |population_demonym =Guangzhouese<br>Cantonese |timezone =[[China standard time]] |utc_offset =+8 |latd= 23 |latm= 08 |latNS= N |longd=113 |longm=16 |longEW=E |postal_code_type =[[Postal code of China|Postal code]] |postal_code =510000 |area_code =[[List of international call prefixes|+]][[List of country calling codes|86]] [[Telephone numbers in China|(0)20]] |blank_name =GDP<ref name="guangdongstatyearbook">{{cite web|url=http://www.gzstats.gov.cn/tjfx/gztjfs/201104/t20110411_24947.htm|title={{lang|zh-cn|2010年广州市国民经济和社会发展统计公报}}|publisher=Statistics Bureau of Guangzhou|date=2011-04-07|language=Chinese|accessdate=2011-05-25|archivedate=2019-01-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109232559/http://www.gzstats.gov.cn/gzstats/error404.shtml}}</ref> |blank_info =2011 |blank1_name =&nbsp;- Total |blank1_info =[[Renminbi|CN¥]]1,242.34 billion<br>(US$192.3 billion) |blank2_name =&nbsp;- Per capita |blank2_info =CN¥97,588<br>(US$15,109)<!--2010 census population used for calculation--> |blank4_name =&nbsp;- Growth |blank4_info ={{increase}} 11.3% |blank5_name =[[Licence plates of the People's Republic of China|Licence plate]] prefixes |blank5_info ={{lang|zh-cn|粤}}A |website = http://english.gz.gov.cn }} {{Infobox Chinese |order=st |pic=GuangZhou.png |piccap="Guangzhou", as written in Traditional Chinese and Simplified Chinese |picsize= |s=广州 |t=廣州 |l=Wide State or Capital of Guangfu |showflag=jyp |p=Guǎngzhōu<br />{{Audio|Guangzhou pronunciation.ogg|[Listen]}} |mi={{IPA-cmn|kwɑ̀ŋʈʂóʊ̯}} |w=Kuang³-chou¹ |j=Gwong² zau¹ |ci={{IPA-yue|kʷɔ̌ːŋtsɐ̂u}} |y=Gwóngjàu |psp=Canton / Kwangchow<ref name="Guangzhou China">"[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/93196/Guangzhou Guangzhou (China)]". Encyclopædia Britannica. Accessed September 12, 2010.</ref> |poj=Kńg-chiu |h=Kóng-chû |wuu=kuaon tseu }} Ing '''Guangzhou''' ({{zh|s=广州}}) — a king kasalesayan kilala antimong '''Canton''' o '''Kwangchow'''<ref name="Guangzhou China"/> — ing tungku is the (''capital'') ampong pekamaragul a lakanbalen (''largest city'') ning lalawigan ning [[Guangdong]], [[Tsina|Maldang Republika ning Tsina]]. Atyu king [[Pearl River (China)|Pearl River]], manga {{convert|120|km|abbr=on}} king [[pangulu]]-[[pangulu]] [[albugan]] ning [[Hong Kong]] ampong [[pangulu]]-[[pangulu]] [[aslagan]] ning [[Macau]]. Ing Guangzhou manimuna yang sentru ning palimpatang pambangsa (''key national transportation hub'') ampong [[Port of Guangzhou|daungan ning kalakal]] (''trading port'').<ref name="Official">{{cite web |url=http://www.visitgz.com/en/About%20Guangzhou/Introduction/280318.html |title=Tourism Administration of Guangzhou Municipality |work=visitgz.com |accessdate=2010-03-21 |archivedate=2010-09-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100906143754/http://www.visitgz.com/en/About%20Guangzhou/Introduction/280318.html }}</ref> Metung ya kareng limang [[Pambangsang Kalibudtang Lakanbalen]] (''National Central Cities''),<ref>{{cite news |title={{lang|zh-cn|全国城镇规划确定五大中心城市}} |url=http://gcontent.oeeee.com/b/15/b1563a78ec593375/Blog/300/19c802.html |work=Southern Metropolitan Daily |date=2010-02-09 |accessdate=2010-07-29}}</ref> at maki kabilyan yang administratibung [[sub-provincial]]. ==Dalerayan== * {{PD-old-text|title=On the knowledge possessed by the ancient Chinese of the Arabs and Arabian colonies: and other western countries, mentioned in Chinese books|year=1871|author=E. Bretschneider}} {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==Karagdagang babasan== * {{Cite book|last1=Foster|first1=Simon|last2=Lin-Liu|first2=Jen|last3=Pham|first3=Sherisse|coauthors=Beth Reiber, Sharon Owyang, Lee Wing-sze, Christopher D. Winnan|title=Frommer's China|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=1DqjMGlyY5QC&pg=PA542|accessdate=2010-03-21|date=2010-02-12|publisher=2000–2010 by [[Frommer's]]/[http://www.frommers.com/about/copyright.html Wiley Publishing, Inc.]|location=United States|isbn=978-0-470-52658-3|pages=542–|authormask=|origyear=|oclc=|bibcode=|quote=|laysummary=|laydate=|ref=Fromers542}} * {{Cite book |last=Johnson |first=Graham E. |title=Historical Dictionary of Guangzhou (Canton) and Guangdong |year=1999 |publisher=The Scarecrow Press |location=Lanham, MD |isbn=978-0-8108-3516-0 }} * {{Cite book |last=Lee |first=Edward Bing-Shuey |title=Modern Canton |year=1936 |publisher=The Mercury Press |location=Shanghai |isbn=}} * {{Cite book |last=Ng |first=Yong Sang |title=Canton, City of the Rams: A General Description and a Brief Historical Survey |year=1936 |publisher=M.S. Cheung |location=Canton |isbn=|asin=B0008D1HHO }} * {{Cite book |last=Shaw |first=Samuel |title=The journals of Major Samuel Shaw : the first American consul at Canton : with a life of the author |coauthors=[[Josiah Quincy, Jr.|Josiah Quincy]] |year=1847 |publisher=Wm. Crosby and H.P. Nichols |location=Boston |isbn=|url=http://www.archive.org/details/journalsofmajors00shaw |accessdate=2008-04-05}} * {{Cite book |last=Vogel |first=Ezra F. |title=Canton Under Communism: Programs and Politics in a Provincial Capital, 1949–1968 |authorlink=Ezra Vogel |year=1969 |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |location=Cambridge, MA |isbn=978-0-674-09475-8 }} * {{cite book|quote=|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=j5EuAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Fourteen months in Canton|author=Mrs. John Henry Gray|year=1880|edition=|editor=|publisher=Macmillan and co.|location=LODON : PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.|isbn=|page=444|accessdate=March 21, 2012}}London : MACMILLAN AND Co. 1880. [The Right of Translation is reserved.] Original from Harvard University Digitized Oct 14, 2008 * {{cite book|quote=|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=7CkYAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Walks in the city of Canton|author=John Henry Gray|year=1875|edition=|editor=|publisher=De Souza & Co.|isbn=|page=695|accessdate=March 21, 2012}}VICTORIA, HONGKONG : DE SOUZA & CO. 1875. Original from the New York Public Library Digitized Apr 2, 2008 ==Suglung palwal== {{Commons category}} * [http://english.gz.gov.cn/ Guangzhou International] {{Wayback|url=http://english.gz.gov.cn/ |date=20191227095151 }} – Official website of government of Guangzhou municipality * [http://www.guangzhou.gov.cn/ Guangzhou, China Network] {{Wayback|url=http://www.guangzhou.gov.cn/ |date=20080120060228 }} * [http://gzhou.net Guangzhou Network] {{Wayback|url=http://gzhou.net/ |date=20210412190558 }} * [http://www.visitgz.com/en/ Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Tourism] {{Wayback|url=http://www.visitgz.com/en/ |date=20101125015246 }} * {{Wikivoyage-inline|Guangzhou}} * [http://www.presbyterian.org.nz/archives/photogallery9/page1.htm Photos of Old Canton (20th century) from a Presbyterian mission near Canton] [http://www.presbyterian.org.nz/archives/photogallery11/page1.htm also of the Sino-Japanese War] {{s-start}} {{s-bef|before=N/A}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Nanyue|Capital of Nanyue]] |years=204 BC — 111 BC |dynasty=[[Nanyue]]}} {{s-aft|after=N/A}} {{s-bef|before=[[Shenyang|Fengtian]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Historical capitals of China|Capital of China]] |years=1 July 1925 — 21 February 1927 |dynasty=[[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]}} {{s-aft|after=[[Wuhan]]}} {{s-bef|before=[[Taiyuan]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Historical capitals of China|Capital of China]] |years=28 May 1931 — 22&nbsp;December&nbsp;1931 |dynasty=[[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]}} {{s-aft|after=[[Chongqing]]}} {{s-bef|before=[[Nanjing]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Historical capitals of China|Capital of China]] |years=23 April 1949 — 14 October 1949 |dynasty=[[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]}} {{s-aft|after=[[Chongqing]]}} {{s-end}} {{Geographic Location |Centre = {{flagicon|PRC}} Guangzhou |North = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Qingyuan]] |Northeast = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Zhaoqing]] |East = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Huizhou]] |Southeast = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Dongguan]] |South = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Zhongshan]] |Southwest = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Foshan]] |West = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Foshan]] |Northwest = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Qingyuan]] }} {{Navboxes |title= Articles Related to Guangzhou |list = {{Guangzhou}} {{Guangdong}} {{Metropolitan cities of the People's Republic of China}} {{Pearl River Delta}} {{Navboxes |title= [[File:Gnome-globe.svg|25px]]{{nbsp}}Geographic locale |list = {{Geographic location |Centre= Guangzhou |North= |Northeast= [[Shaoguan]] |East= [[Huizhou]] |Southeast= [[Dongguan]]<br/>''[[Pearl River (China)|Pearl River]]'' / [[Shenzhen]]<br/>{{flagicon|HKG}} [[Hong Kong]] |South= [[Zhongshan]] |Southwest= [[Foshan]] |West=[[Zhaoqing]] |Northwest= [[Qingyuan, Guangdong|Qingyuan]] }} '''[[Geographic coordinate system|Lat. <small>and</small> Long.]] {{Coord|23|7|44|N|113|15|32|E|display=inline}}''' }} {{Guangdong topics}} {{Navboxes |title= Cities of China and the World |list = {{Most populous cities in the People's Republic of China}} {{Provincial capitals of China}} {{World's most populated urban areas}} {{Asian Games Host Cities}} }} {{Dutch colonies|East India}} }} [[Category:214 BC establishments]] [[Category:Guangzhou| ]]<!--leave the empty space as standard--> [[Category:Provincial capitals in China]] [[Category:Sub-provincial cities in the People's Republic of China]] [[Category:Treaty of Nanking|Canton]] j4zt1juzqw1vjxyezl50lp516f4qjh8 0 20193 312921 311635 2026-06-10T02:25:38Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Jewish leader | honorific-prefix = Rabbi | name = Ovadia Yosef | honorific-suffix = | title = | image = Ovadya Yosef.jpg|250px | caption = I Ovadia Yosef, 2007 | synagogue = | synagogueposition = | yeshiva = | yeshivaposition = | organisation = Chief Rabbinate of Israel | organisationposition = Sadyang Sepharding Pekapun a Rabbi ning Israel | began = 1973 | ended = | predecessor = | successor = | rabbi = | rebbe = | kohan = | hazzan = | rank = | other_post = Sephardi Chief Rabbi of [[Tel Aviv]]<br />Spiritual leader of the [[Shas]] political party <!---------- Personal details ----------> | birth_name = Ovadia Yosef | birth_date = 1918 o Setiembre 23, 1920 | birth_place = [[Baghdad]], [[Iraq]] | death_date = {{death date|2013|10|07}} (93–95) | death_place = [[Jerusalem]], [[Israel]] | buried = [[Sanhedria Cemetery]] | nationality = [[Israel]]i | denomination = [[Orthodox Judaism]] | residence = Jerusalem | dynasty = | parents = Yaakov ampong Georgia Ovadia | spouse = Margalit Fattal | children = 11 | occupation = [[Rabbi]], [[Talmud]]ic a iskilar ampong kikilalanan a autoridad a [[halakha|halakhic]] | profession = | alma_mater = [[Porat Yosef Yeshiva]] | semicha = Porat Yosef Yeshiva | signature = }} I Rabbi '''Ovadia Yosef''', ({{lang-he|עובדיה יוסף}}) a mibait a '''Abdullah Youssef''' king kayang sariling amanu,<ref name="Name">{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/misc/tags/1.477118|title=Rabbi Ovadia Yosef|year=2013|work=[[Haaretz]]|accessdate=7 October 2013|archivedate=10 January 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110195214/http://www.haaretz.com/misc/tags/Tag/Second%252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252520Lebanon%252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252520War/Rabbi%20Ovadia%20Yosef-1.477118}}</ref> ({{lang-ar|يوسف}}) (1918<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rabanut.gov.il/show_item.asp?itemId=105&levelId=61624&itemType=0|title=הרב עובדיה יוסף שליט"א|trans_title=Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, shlit"a|year=2013|publisher=[[Chief Rabbinate of Israel]]|accessdate=7 October 2013|archivedate=29 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929153735/http://rabanut.gov.il/show_item.asp?itemId=105&levelId=61624&itemType=0}}</ref> o Setiembre 23, 1920 – Octubre 7, 2013)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.jpost.com/National-News/Shas-spiritual-leader-Rabbi-Ovadia-Yosef-dies-at-93-328072|title=Shas spiritual leader Rabbi Ovadia Yosef dies at 93|work=[[The Jerusalem Post]]|date=7 October 2013|accessdate=7 October 2013}}</ref> ing sadwang [[Pekapun a Rabbi ning Israel]] (''Chief Rabbi of Israel''),<ref>The Sephardi chief rabbi of Israel was also known as the [[Rishon LeZion (title)|Rishon leZion]]. In a broad sense, and particularly for religious purposes, Sephardi Jews are those who use a Sephardic style of liturgy. In this broader sense, the term Sephardim includes most [[Mizrahi]] Jews.</ref> metung a kikilalanan a iskolar ning [[Talmud]] ampong manimunang [[posek|autoridad]] king [[halakha|leying Hudyo]]. Migsilbi yang pekapun a ispiritual ning partido politikal a [[Shas]] king [[Knesset|Parlamentung Israeli]]. Matas ing paglalawe king kayang halakhic a [[Responsa#In Judaism|responsa]] kareng grupung Hudyong [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox]], at tuturing dong maki tauling upaya (''binding'') kareng komunidad a [[Mizrahi]], a ing paglalawe kaya, a ing paglalawe kaya kanitang mabye ya, "ing pekamaulagang autoridad a halachic a mabye." ("the most important living halachic authority.)"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1239710806422&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull |title=Israel News &#124; Online Israeli News Covering Israel & The Jewish World – JPost |publisher=Fr.jpost.com |date= |accessdate=2012-06-06 |archivedate=2011-07-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713124441/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1239710806422&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull }}</ref> == Dalerayan == {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} == Suglung palwal == {{Wikiquote}} *[https://rabbimeirbaalhaneis.com/Rabbi%20Ovadia%20Yosef.asp Biography of Rabbi Ovadia Yosef] * [https://maran1.com/ Maran – a website containing videos of sermons given by Rabbi Ovadia Yosef]{{Dead link|date=October 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://HalachaYomit.co.il/ Halacha Yomit – a website containing daily Halacha given by Rabbi Ovadia Yosef] * [http://www.jewishideasdaily.com/content/module/2010/10/12/main-feature/1/rav-ovadia Rav Ovadia by Yehudah Mirsky: An overview of the life, career, and thought of the outsize rabbinic personality] * [http://www.time.com/time/europe/magazine/2000/0821/ovadia.html Time Magazine Overview of controversial Rabbi Yosef moments] {{Wayback|url=http://www.time.com/time/europe/magazine/2000/0821/ovadia.html |date=20081122155315 }} * [http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2000/issue4/jv4n4a3.html Rabbi Ovadia Yosef and his "Culture War" in Israel], from ''[[Middle East Review of International Affairs]]'', 4:4, December 2000. * [http://www.netivot-shalom.org.il/parshaeng/acharey5763.php Land vs. Life] {{Wayback|url=http://www.netivot-shalom.org.il/parshaeng/acharey5763.php |date=20131008092102 }}, from [Netivot Shalom], April 2003. * [http://www.ottmall.com/mj_ht_arch/v6/mj_v6i83.html Conquest of Land in Erez Yisrael], from [Mail.Jewish Mailing List], March 1993. * [http://www.jewishideasdaily.com/content/module/2010/10/12/main-feature/1/rav-ovadia Rav Ovadia [[Jewish Ideas Daily]]] * [http://www.communitym.com/article.asp?article_id=100858&article_type=0 – Portrait of a Prodigy by Yehuda Azoulay] {{S-start}} {{S-rel}} {{Succession box|title=[[Chief rabbi#Sephardi|Sephardi Chief Rabbi of Israel]]<br> Ovadia Yosef|before=[[Yitzhak Nissim]]||after=[[Mordechai Eliyahu]]<br>'''<small></small>|years=1973–1983}} {{S-end}} {{Chief Rabbinate of Israel}} {{Porat Yosef Yeshiva}} {{Authority control |VIAF=97355099 |LCCN=n/79/133789 |GND=129821411 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yosef, Ovadia}} [[Category:Ovadia Yosef| ]] [[Category:1920 kebaitan]] [[Category:2013 kematyan]] [[Category:Shas]] [[Category:Iraqi Jews]] [[Category:Mizrahi Jews]] [[Category:People from Basra]] [[Category:Rishon LeZion (rabbi)]] [[Category:Iraqi emigrants to Israel]] [[Category:Israeli party leaders]] [[Category:Israel Prize in Rabbinical literature recipients]] [[Category:Israel Prize Rabbi recipients]] [[Category:Sephardic Haredi rabbis in Israel]] [[Category:20th-century rabbis]] [[Category:Shas Council of Torah Sages]] pjgo63cl8b1rchd8gporthfojuee42u 0 20307 312925 311865 2026-06-10T06:37:14Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist | name = Bono | image = <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: Do not replace Bono_at_the_2009_Tribeca_Film_Festival.jpg unless it is with a photo under a public domain or free license (meaning NOT merely fair use). Any fair use photos (''e.g.,'' "promotional photos") are copyright violations and will be deleted. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fair use criteria -->Bono_at_the_2009_Tribeca_Film_Festival.jpg | caption = I Bono king 2009 [[Tribeca Film Festival]] | image_size = 225 | background = solo_singer | birth_name = Paul David Hewson | alias = Bono, Bono Vox<!-- Please do not add any other aliases without a reliable source --> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1960|5|10|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Dublin]], [[Ireland]] | origin = [[Finglas]],<ref name="Bono - Evening Herald">{{cite news |url=http://www.herald.ie/entertainment/around-town/its-where-i-shaped-my-future-says-bono-3324323.html |title=It's where I shaped my future, says Bono |publisher=Herald.ie |date=12 December 2012 |deadurl=no |accessdate=5 September 2013 |archivedate=26 December 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121226032720/http://www.herald.ie/entertainment/around-town/its-where-i-shaped-my-future-says-bono-3324323.html }}</ref> [[County Dublin]], [[Ireland]] | height = | death_date = | instrument = Main: Vocals Occasional: Guitar, harmonica | genre = [[Rock music|Rock]], [[post-punk]], [[alternative rock]] | occupation = Musikeru, magkanta-talasulat kanta, aktibista, pilantropu | label = | associated_acts = [[U2]], [[Original Soundtracks 1|Passengers]] | website = [http://www.u2.com/ u2.com] | notable_instruments = [[Gretsch|Gretsch Irish Falcon]]<br />[[Gretsch|Gretsch Country Club]] [[File:BonoSignature.svg|90px]]<br /><small>Bono's signature</small> }} <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: Please do not change the structure of the first sentence of the article without discussing first on this article's talk page. Multiple editors designed and approved the current version after several edit wars. If you would like to make changes to the first sentence, please discuss on the talk page.--> I '''Paul David Hewson''' (mibait 10 Mayo 1960), a mas kilala king kayang talipampan a '''Bono''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɒ|n|oʊ}}), metung yang [[Irish people|Irish]] a magkanta, musikeru, venture capitalist, negosyanti ampong aktibista.<ref>[http://www.oprah.com/spirit/Bono-A-Global-Rock-Star-and-Activist Bono-fire] {{Wayback|url=http://www.oprah.com/spirit/Bono-A-Global-Rock-Star-and-Activist |date=20160304131235 }}.</ref> Pikabaluan yang dili antimong [[frontman]], manimunang bokalista (''primary vocalist'') ampong talasulat amanu (''lyricist'') ning bandang rock a [[U2]], a makabasi king [[Dublin]]. Mibait ya ampong meragul i Bono king Dublin, Ireland, at megaral ya king [[Mount Temple Comprehensive School]], nung nu la mikit ning kayang ayasawa, i [[Ali Hewson|Alison Stewart]], ampo reng meging kayanib o miembru ning U2 .<ref name=MacphistoNet /><ref name="Bono on Bono" /><ref name=ATU2Clayton /> Alus i Bono ing susulat kareng anggang amanu da reng kanta ning U2, at maralas, gagamit yang temang relihyosu, sosyal, pang-ketawan o pang-ketawan, ampong pampulitika.<ref name=ATU2comBonoBio /><ref name=Stockman /> Anyang mumuna nang banwa ning During U2, sinaup la reng amanu nang Bono king datang nang magrebeldi ampong ispiritwal kareti.<ref name=ATU2comBonoBio /> Anyang melambat ya ing banda, ing meging inspirasyun da reng amanu, deng personal a karanasan nung no nala karake deng aliwang kayanib ning banda.<ref name="Bono on Bono" /><ref name=ATU2comBonoBio /> ==Dalerayan== ;Footnotes {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} ;Bibliography {{refbegin}} *{{cite book |last=Assayas |first1=Michka |coauthors=Bono |title=Bono in Conversation with Michka Assayas |year=2005 |publisher=[[Riverhead Books]] |location=New York City |isbn=1-57322-309-3}} *{{cite book |last=Matthews |first=Sheelagh |title=Bono |series=Remarkable People |year=2008 |publisher=[[Weigl Publishers]] |location=New York City |isbn=978-1-59036-638-7}} *{{cite book |last=Stockman |first=Steve |title=Walk On: The Spiritual Journey of U2 |year=2001 |publisher=Relevant Books |location=[[Lake Mary, Florida|Lake Mary]] |isbn=978-0-88419-793-5}} *{{cite book |last=Vagacs |first=Robert |year=2005 |title=Religious Nuts, Political Fanatics: U2 in Theological Perspective |publisher=Cascade Books |isbn=1-59752-336-4}} {{refend}} ==Suglung palwal== {{Wikiquote}} {{Commons category|Bono (vocalist)}} *[http://www.U2.com/ U2.com]—Official U2 website *[http://www.one.org/ ONE Campaign]—Advocacy and campaigning organization cofounded by Bono *[http://www.edun.ie/ EDUN] {{Wayback|url=http://www.edun.ie/ |date=20050825082005 }}—Fashion label started by Bono and his wife Ali *{{Amg name|7314}} *{{TED|speakers/bono.html}} *{{C-SPAN|bono}} *{{Charlie Rose view|971}} *{{IMDb name|0095104}} *{{NYTtopic|people/b/bono}} *{{worldcat id|lccn-no96-27739}} *{{Nndb|390/000024318}} {{U2}} {{Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song 2000s}} {{Grammy Award for Album of the Year 1980s}} {{Grammy Award for Album of the Year 2000s}} {{Grammy Award for Record of the Year 2000s}} {{Grammy Award for Song of the Year 2000s}} {{Time Persons of the Year 2001–2025}} {{Use British English|date=August 2010}} {{Authority control|VIAF=93710720}} [[Category:Bono| ]] [[Category:1960 kebaitan]] [[Category:HIV/AIDS activists]] [[Category:Alternative rock singers]] [[Category:Grammy Award-winning artists]] [[Category:Golden Globe Award winning musicians]] [[Category:Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] [[Category:Irish humanitarians]] [[Category:Irish male singers]] [[Category:Irish businesspeople]] [[Category:Irish philanthropists]] [[Category:Irish Christians]] [[Category:Irish rock singers]] [[Category:Ivor Novello Award winners]] [[Category:Légion d'honneur recipients]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Musicians from Dublin (city)]] [[Category:Private equity and venture capital investors]] [[Category:U2 members]] [[Category:International opponents of apartheid in South Africa]] [[Category:Post-punk musicians]] [[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] [[Category:Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]] [[Category:Anti-poverty advocates]] nvgle1i89s4lu4mk8s1iujhlwwp8cx3 0 20374 312920 312531 2026-06-10T01:50:35Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox F1 driver | name = Michael Schumacher | image = Michael Schumacher Berkedip (Cropped).jpg | caption = I Michael Schumacher anyang {{f1|2010}} | nationality = [[Alemania|Aleman]] | Years = {{F1|1991}}–{{F1|2006}}, {{F1|2010}}–{{F1|2012}} | Team(s) = [[Jordan Grand Prix|Jordan]], [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]], [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]], [[Mercedes-Benz in Formula One|Mercedes]] | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1969|1|3|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Hürth]], [[West Germany]] | 2012 Team = [[Mercedes-Benz in Formula One|Mercedes]] | 2012 Car number = 7 | Races = {{F1stat|MSC|entries}} ({{F1stat|MSC|starts}} starts) | Championships = 7 ({{F1|1994}}, {{F1|1995}}, {{F1|2000}}, {{F1|2001}}, {{F1|2002}}, {{F1|2003}}, {{F1|2004}}) | Wins = {{F1stat|MSC|wins}} | Podiums = {{F1stat|MSC|podiums}} | Points = {{F1stat|MSC|careerpoints}} | Poles = {{F1stat|MSC|poles}} | Fastest laps = {{F1stat|MSC|fastestlaps}} | First race = [[1991 Belgian Grand Prix]] | First win = [[1992 Belgian Grand Prix]] | Last win = [[2006 Chinese Grand Prix]] | Last race = [[2012 Brazilian Grand Prix]] }} {{Infobox Le Mans driver | Years = {{24hLM|1991}} | Teams = Team Sauber Mercedes | Best Finish = 5th in C2 (1991) | Class Wins = 0 }} I '''Michael Schumacher''' ({{IPA-de|ˈmɪçaʔɛl ˈʃuːmaxɐ|-|De-Michael-Schumacher.ogg}}; mibait 3 Enero 1969) metung yang retiradung [[Alemania|Aleman]] a kareristang [[Formula One|F1]] a tuturing dang metung kareng mapyang dili king kabang panaun.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/motorsport/formula_one/3168114.stm|title=Who is the greatest ever?|publisher=BBC Sport |first=Andrew|last=Benson|date=12 October 2003|accessdate=30 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The final five could all have been No. 1, but only Foyt gets the prize |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/rpm/racing/columns/story?columnist=blount_terry&id=3407489 |publisher=[[ESPN]] |date=23 May 2008 |accessdate=18 July 2011}}</ref><ref name="SchuAS2">{{cite web|title=Formula 1's Greatest Drivers: 2. MICHAEL SCHUMACHER|url=http://f1greatestdrivers.autosport.com/?driver=2|work=[[Autosport]]|publisher=[[Haymarket Media Group|Haymarket Publications]]|date=10 December 2009|accessdate=10 December 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/motor-racing/the-ten-best-formula-one-drivers-1920034.html|first=Simon|last=Rice|title=The ten best Formula One drivers|date=12 March 2010|accessdate=30 July 2011|work=The Independent |location=UK|publisher=Independent Print Limited}}</ref> Dakal ya tatalnan a [[List of Formula One driver records|driver records]], kayabe ya ing dakal dili kampeonato, dakal dili pamanyambut king karera, pekamabilis a lap, pole positions ampong dakal diling karera king metung a panaun o season&nbsp;– 13 anyang [[2004 Formula One season|2004]]. Anyang [[2002 Formula One season|2002]] megi yang magdili-diling karerista king kasalesayan ning Formula One a mayari kareng atlung pekamatas o ''top three'' ning balang karera ning metung a panaun, at ligpusan ne murin ing record para king dakal diling podium finish. Agpang king karinan-Aptas o website a Formula One, ya ing "mapyang diling kareristang linto king pasiknangan a iti agpang king estadistika" ("statistically the greatest driver the sport has ever seen").<ref name="most successful">{{cite news |title=Michael Schumacher – the end of an era |publisher=The Official Formula 1 Website |date=10 September 2006 |url=http://www.formula1.com/news/features/2006/9/4932.html |accessdate=24 October 2006}}</ref> == Dalerayan ampong notes == <!--This section uses the Cite.php citation mechanism.If you want more information on how to add references to this article, see http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cite/Cite.php--> {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} Ibat la ngan deng resulta da reng karera ampong kampeonato (1991–2006) king Official Formula 1 Website. [http://www.formula1.com/results/season/1991/ 1991 Season review onwards.] www.formula1.com. Retrieved 23 May 2007 == Suglung palwal == {{Sister project links}} * {{Official website|1=http://www.michael-schumacher.de/sites/index_en.html}} * {{DriverDB driver|michael-schumacher}} * [http://www.mercedes-gp.com/team.asp?mgp=j%B5%B0%99%A2%97 Profile] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mercedes-gp.com/team.asp?mgp=j%B5%B0%99%A2%97 |date=20100421203241 }} – from [http://www.mercedes-gp.com/ Mercedes GP official website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mercedes-gp.com/ |date=20100502024500 }} * [http://www.ms-Kartcenter.de Kartcenter and Museum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ms-kartcenter.de/ |date=20190623154055 }} * [http://www.ksm-motorsport.de Kartteam Kaiser-Schumacher-Muchow] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ksm-motorsport.de/ |date=20101225113915 }} * [http://www.formula1.com/teams_and_drivers/hall_of_fame/7/ Formula1.com Profile] * [http://www.4mula1.ro/history/driver/Michael_Schumacher Michael Schumacher career statistics] {{Wayback|url=http://www.4mula1.ro/history/driver/Michael_Schumacher |date=20101203091456 }} * [http://www.sportingo.com/michael-schumacher/6,990 News Articles about Michael Schumacher] * {{IMDb name|1635856}} * {{nndb|219/000030129}} {{Navboxes |title=Michael Schumacher sporting positions | list1 = <span> {{S-start}} {{S-sports}} {{Succession box|title=Formula König champion|before=None|after= [[Thomas Winkelhock]]|years=1988}} {{Succession box|title=[[List of German Formula Three champions|German Formula Three champion]]|before= [[Karl Wendlinger]]|after= [[Tom Kristensen]]|years=1990}} {{Succession box|title=[[Macau Grand Prix]]<br />Winner |before= [[David Brabham]]|after= [[David Coulthard]]|years=1990}} {{Succession box|title=[[List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions|Formula One World Champion]] |before= [[Alain Prost]]|after= [[Damon Hill]]|years={{F1|1994}}–{{F1|1995}}}} {{Succession box|title=[[List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions|Formula One World Champion]] |before= [[Mika Häkkinen]]|after= [[Fernando Alonso]]|years={{F1|2000}}, {{F1|2001}}, {{F1|2002}}, {{F1|2003}}, {{F1|2004}}}} {{Succession box|title= [[Race of Champions]]<br />Nations' Cup|before= [[Heikki Kovalainen]]<br />[[Marcus Grönholm]]|after= Incumbent|years= [[2007 Race of Champions|2007]], [[2008 Race of Champions|2008]], [[2009 Race of Champions|2009]], [[2010 Race of Champions|2010]], [[2011 Race of Champions|2011]], [[2012 Race of Champions|2012]] |with= [[Sebastian Vettel]]}} {{succession box|title=[[Desafio Internacional das Estrelas]]<br />Winner | before = [[Felipe Massa]] | after = [[Rubens Barrichello]] | years = [[2007 Desafio Internacional das Estrelas|2007]]}} {{succession box|title=[[Desafio Internacional das Estrelas]]<br />Winner| before = [[Rubens Barrichello]] | after = [[Lucas di Grassi]] | years = [[2009 Desafio Internacional das Estrelas|2009]]}} {{S-ach|aw}} {{Succession box|before=[[Markus Wasmeier]]|title=[[German Sportspersonality of the year|German Sportsman of the Year]]|years=1995|after=[[Frank Busemann]]}} {{Succession box|before= [[Damon Hill]]|title=[[Autosport]]<br />International Driver of the Year|after= [[Damon Hill]]|years=1995}} {{Succession box|before= [[Mika Häkkinen]]|title=[[Autosport]]<br />International Driver of the Year|after= [[Juan Pablo Montoya]]|years=2000–2002}} {{Succession box|before= [[Tiger Woods]]|title=[[L'Équipe Champion of Champions]]|years=2001–2003|after= [[Hicham El Guerrouj]]}} {{Succession box|before= [[Tiger Woods]]|title=[[Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year|Laureus World Sportsman of the Year]]|years=2002|after= [[Lance Armstrong]]}} {{Succession box|before= [[Juan Pablo Montoya]]|title=[[Lorenzo Bandini Trophy]]|years=2003|after= [[Kimi Räikkönen]]}} {{Succession box|before= [[Lance Armstrong]]|title=[[Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year|Laureus World Sportsman of the Year]]|years=2004|after= [[Roger Federer]]}} {{Succession box|before=[[Jan Ullrich]]|title=[[German Sportspersonality of the year|German Sportsman of the Year]]|years=2004|after=[[Ronny Ackermann]]}} {{Succession box|before= [[Spain national basketball team]]|title=[[Prince of Asturias Award#Sports|Prince of Asturias Award for Sports]]|years=2007|after= [[Rafael Nadal]]}} {{S-ach|rec}} {{Succession box|title=[[List of Formula One driver records#Total wins|Most Grand Prix wins]]<br />91 wins''', | before = [[Alain Prost]]<small><br />51 wins'''<br />([[1980 Formula One season|1980]]–[[1991 Formula One season|1991]], [[1993 Formula One season|1993]])</small>| after = Incumbent | years = 52nd at the [[2001 Belgian Grand Prix|2001 Belgian GP]]}} {{S-end}} {{German F3 champions}} {{Formula One World Drivers' Champions}} {{Laureus World Sportsman of the Year}} {{Autosport International Racing Driver Award}} {{Mercedes Grand Prix}} {{Scuderia Ferrari}} {{Benetton Formula}} {{Jordan Grand Prix}} }} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2011}} {{Good article}} {{Authority control|VIAF=2576952|LCCN=n/96/091540}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Schumacher, Michael}} [[Category:1969 kebaitan]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Hürth]] [[Category:German Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Racing drivers from North Rhine-Westphalia]] [[Category:24 Hours of Le Mans drivers]] [[Category:Ambassadors of San Marino]] [[Category:Karting World Championship drivers]] [[Category:Benetton Formula One drivers]] [[Category:Ferrari Formula One drivers]] [[Category:Formula One World Drivers' Champions]] [[Category:Formula Ford drivers]] [[Category:German expatriates in Monaco]] [[Category:German expatriates in Switzerland]] [[Category:German Formula One drivers]] [[Category:German Formula Three Championship drivers]] [[Category:German racing drivers]] [[Category:Japanese Formula 3000 Championship drivers]] [[Category:Jordan Formula One drivers]] [[Category:Laureus World Sports Awards winners]] [[Category:Mercedes-Benz Formula One drivers]] [[Category:World Sportscar Championship drivers]] [[Category:Recipients of the Silver Laurel Leaf]] 48b6xp7ra98ap9b2w9g25yzdf1te6hk 0 23288 312926 298889 2026-06-10T07:53:31Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312926 wikitext text/x-wiki Ing '''Eksarkádu ning Filipínas''' ([[Amánung Bikolánu|Bikolánu]]: ''Eksarkado nin Filipinas''; [[Espanyol (amanu)|Espaniol]]: ''Exarcado de Filipinas''; [[Amánung Ilonggu|Ilonggu]]: ''Eksarkado sg Filipinas''; [[Amanung Ingles|Inggles]]: ''Exarchate of the Philippines''; [[Ilokanu (amanu)|Ilokánu]]: ''Eksarkado ti Filipinas''; [[Amánung Sambal|Sambal]]: ''Iksarkado nin Filipinas''; [[Amanung Cebuanu|Sebuánu]]: ''Eksarkado sa Filipinas''; [[Amanung Tagalug|Tagálug]]: ''Eksarkado ng Filipinas'') ya ing hurisdiksiong [[Filipinas|Filipínu]] ning [[Patriarkádung Ekumeniku ning Konstantinopla]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cs.ust.hk/faculty/dimitris/metro/profs.html|title=Profiles of Parishes and Organizations throughout the Metropolis|publisher=Metropolitanate of Hong Kong and Southeast Asia|accessdate=2007-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070815044241/http://www.cs.ust.hk/faculty/dimitris/metro/profs.html|archive-date=2007-08-15|url-status=dead|archivedate=2007-08-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070815044241/http://www.cs.ust.hk/faculty/dimitris/metro/profs.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ec-patr.org/hierarchs/show.php?lang=en&id=53|title=Nikitas of Hong Kong|accessdate=2007-08-02}}</ref> ==Ding daleráyan== {{reflist}} ==Ding suglung palual== *[http://orthodoxchurchinphilippines.omhksea.org/ Ofisial a sibersitiu] {{Wayback|url=http://orthodoxchurchinphilippines.omhksea.org/ |date=20210121122315 }} *[http://www.orthodoxchurchinasia.com/ Ortodoksia king Ekstremung Orienti] {{Wayback|url=http://www.orthodoxchurchinasia.com/ |date=20181125105105 }} {{philippines-stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Eksarkadu ning Filipinas}} [[Category:Kristianismung Ortodoksu]] [[Category:Kristianismu king Filipínas]] a64d9gft8xi553hs4chkxqvl6k19enr 0 28754 312917 305209 2026-06-10T00:56:48Z InternetArchiveBot 18050 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 312917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Leon Klinghoffer |image = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = 24 ya ing Septiembre 1916 |birth_place = Lakanbalén ning New York, New York, Estados Unidos |death_date = 8 ya ing Octubre 1985 (edad 69) | death_place = Achille Lauro | restingplace = Beth David Memorial Park, Kenilworth, New Jersey, Estados Unidos | occupation = Gágawang appliance ​| spouse = Marilyn Klinghoffer​ | partner = 2 | children = | signature = }} I '''Leon Klinghoffer''' (24 ya ing Septiembre 1916 – 8 ya ing Octubre 1985) métung yang Americanung béril da at pété, at inugsé da king dáyatmálat king bapor a páglayag (cruise ship) a ''[[MS Achille Lauro|Achille Lauro]]'' déng kayánib ning [[Palestinian Liberation Front]] a mig-hijack king [[Achille Lauro hijacking|hijacked]] anyang 1985.<ref name="haaretz.com">{{Cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.4978546|title=Klinghoffer daughters recall personal tragedy at commemoration of terror victims outside Israel|last=Berman|first=Daphna|work=[[Haaretz]]|access-date=2018-09-13|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605141908/http://www.haaretz.com/klinghoffer-daughters-recall-personal-tragedy-at-commemoration-of-terror-victims-outside-israel-1.245471|archive-date=2011-06-05|accessdate=2023-12-19|archivedate=2011-06-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605141908/http://www.haaretz.com/klinghoffer-daughters-recall-personal-tragedy-at-commemoration-of-terror-victims-outside-israel-1.245471}}</ref> 70mt5m17ui0ge484atpl8x2em23olm0