Wikipedia piwiki https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_Pamukha_patta MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.19 first-letter मीडिया विसेस सम्भासित अवयव अवयव सम्भासित Wikipedia Wikipedia सम्भासित पटिमा पटिमा सम्भासित मीडियाविकि मीडियाविकि सम्भासित पटिरूप पटिरूप सम्भासित अवस्सय अवस्सय सम्भासित विभाग विभाग सम्भासित TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 3 4263 104407 104166 2026-09-13T19:18:16Z Pathoschild 123 fix header 104407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#babel:en|fr|pi-0}}[[File:Redirect arrow without text.svg|46px|link=]][[m:User talk:Pathoschild|m:{{ns:3}}:Pathoschild]] ==Welcome== {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name={{PAGENAME}}}} Bot from user [[User:咽頭べさ|Dr.Intobesa]] [[User:Intobesa.bot|Intobesa.bot]] ([[User talk:Intobesa.bot|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Intobesa.bot|contribs]]) ०८:१४, १० सेप्टेम्बर २०२६ (UTC) 39ipblc1c4yq1lrti1bfjw22d6ezs8q 10 5715 104418 101509 2026-09-14T06:36:39Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104418 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="citation {{{Citation class|{{{Citation type|}}}}}}" {{ #switch:{{{Ref|}}} ||none = |#default = id="{{anchorencode:{{{Ref}}}}}" |harv = {{#if:{{{Surname1|}}}{{{EditorSurname1|}}} |id="CITEREF{{anchorencode:{{#if:{{{Surname1|}}} |{{{Surname1}}}{{{Surname2|}}}{{{Surname3|}}}{{{Surname4|}}} |{{{EditorSurname1|}}}{{{EditorSurname2|}}}{{{EditorSurname3|}}}{{{EditorSurname4|}}} }}{{{Year|{{{Date|}}}}}}}}" }} }}>{{ <!--============ Author or editor and date ============--> #if:{{{Surname1|}}} |{{ #if: {{{AuthorMask|}}} |{{ #iferror: {{ #expr: 1*{{{AuthorMask}}} }} |{{{AuthorMask}}} |{{loop|{{{AuthorMask}}}|2=&mdash;}} }} |{{ #if: {{{Authorlink1|}}} |[[{{{Authorlink1}}} |{{{Surname1}}}{{ #if: {{{Given1|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given1}}} }}]] |{{{Surname1}}}{{ #if: {{{Given1|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given1}}} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname2|}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{Trunc|8}}}<2 |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} |{{ #iferror: {{ #expr: 1*0.0{{{AuthorMask|}}} }} |&#32;<!-- then punctuation should be included in AuthorMask --> |{{ #if: {{{Surname3|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Authorlink2|}}} |[[{{{Authorlink2}}} |{{{Surname2}}}{{ #if: {{{Given2|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given2}}} }}]] |{{{Surname2}}}{{ #if: {{{Given2|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given2}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname3|}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{Trunc|8}}}<3 |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} |{{ #if: {{{Surname4|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Authorlink3|}}} |[[{{{Authorlink3}}} |{{{Surname3}}}{{ #if: {{{Given3|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given3}}} }}]] |{{{Surname3}}}{{ #if: {{{Given3|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given3}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{Surname4|}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{Trunc|8}}}<4 |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} |{{ #if: {{{Surname5|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Authorlink4|}}} |[[{{{Authorlink4}}} |{{{Surname4}}}{{ #if: {{{Given4|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given4}}} }}]] |{{{Surname4}}}{{ #if: {{{Given4|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given4}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{Surname5|}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{Trunc|8}}}<5 |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} |{{ #if: {{{Surname6|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Authorlink5|}}} |[[{{{Authorlink5}}} |{{{Surname5}}}{{ #if: {{{Given5|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given5}}} }}]] |{{{Surname5}}}{{ #if: {{{Given5|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given5}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{Surname6|}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{Trunc|8}}}<6 |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} |{{ #if: {{{Surname7|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Authorlink6|}}} |[[{{{Authorlink6}}} |{{{Surname6}}}{{ #if: {{{Given6|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given6}}} }}]] |{{{Surname6}}}{{ #if: {{{Given6|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given6}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{Surname7|}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{Trunc|8}}}<7 |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} |{{ #if: {{{Surname8|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Authorlink7|}}} |[[{{{Authorlink7}}} |{{{Surname7}}}{{ #if: {{{Given7|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given7}}} }}]] |{{{Surname7}}}{{ #if: {{{Given7|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given7}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{Surname8|}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{Trunc|8}}}<8 |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} |{{ #if: {{{Surname9|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Authorlink8|}}} |[[{{{Authorlink8}}} |{{{Surname8}}}{{ #if: {{{Given8|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given8}}} }}]] |{{{Surname8}}}{{ #if: {{{Given8|}}} |{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given8}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{Surname9|}}} |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Coauthors|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}{{{Coauthors|}}}| }}{{ #if: {{{Date|}}} |&#32;({{{Date}}}){{ #if:{{{YearNote|}}} |&#32;[{{{YearNote}}}] }} }} |{{<!-- ============== No author: display editors first == --> #if: {{{EditorSurname1|}}} |{{ #if: {{{Editorlink1|}}} |[[{{{Editorlink1}}} |{{{EditorSurname1}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven1|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven1}}} }}]] |{{{EditorSurname1}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven1|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven1}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{EditorSurname2|}}} |{{ #if: {{{EditorSurname3|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Editorlink2|}}} |[[{{{Editorlink2}}} |{{{EditorSurname2}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven2|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven2}}} }}]] |{{{EditorSurname2}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven2|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven2}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{EditorSurname3|}}} |{{ #if: {{{EditorSurname4|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Editorlink3|}}} |[[{{{Editorlink3}}} |{{{EditorSurname3}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven3|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven3}}} }}]] |{{{EditorSurname3}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven3|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven3}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{EditorSurname4|}}} |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} }} }} }}, ed{{#if:{{{EditorSurname2|}}}|s}}{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}}{{ #if: {{{Date|}}} |&#32;({{{Date}}}){{ #if:{{{YearNote|}}} |&#32;[{{{YearNote}}}] }} }} }} }}{{ <!--============ Title of included work ============--> #if: {{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}}{{#if:{{{Periodical|}}}||{{#if:{{{TransItalic|}}}||{{{TransTitle|}}}}}}} |{{ #if:{{{Surname1|}}}{{{EditorSurname1|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32; }}{{Citation/make link | 1={{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkURL|}}} |{{{IncludedWorkURL}}} |{{ #if: {{{URL|}}} |{{{URL}}} }} }} | 2={{ #if: {{{Periodical|}}} |''<nowiki />{{{IncludedWorkTitle}}}<nowiki />'' |"{{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}}{{ #if: {{{TransTitle|}}} |{{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}} |&#32; }}&#91;{{{TransTitle}}}&#93; }}" }} }} }}{{ <!--============ Place (if different than PublicationPlace) ============--> #if: {{{Place|}}} |{{ #ifeq: {{{Place|}}} | {{{PublicationPlace|}}} | |{{ #if: {{{Surname1|}}}{{{EditorSurname1|}}}{{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;written at {{{Place}}} }} }} }}{{ <!--============ Editor of compilation ============--> #if: {{{EditorSurname1|}}} |{{ #if: {{{Surname1|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{Sep|}}}|.|I|i}}n&#32; }}{{ #if: {{{Editorlink1|}}} |[[{{{Editorlink1}}} |{{{EditorSurname1}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven1|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven1}}} }}]] |{{{EditorSurname1}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven1|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven1}}} }}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorSurname2|}}} |{{ #if: {{{EditorSurname3|}}} |{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}} |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Editorlink2|}}} |[[{{{Editorlink2}}}|{{{EditorSurname2}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven2|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven2}}} }}]] |{{{EditorSurname2}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven2|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven2}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{EditorSurname3|}}} |{{ #if: {{{EditorSurname4|}}} |&#059;&#32; |{{#if:{{{amp|}}}|&#32;&amp;&#32;|{{{AuthorSep|&#059;&#32;}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Editorlink3|}}} |[[{{{Editorlink3}}}|{{{EditorSurname3}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven3|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven3}}} }}]] |{{{EditorSurname3}}}{{ #if: {{{EditorGiven3|}}} |, {{{EditorGiven3}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{EditorSurname4|}}} |&#32;et al{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|{{#if:{{{Date|}}}|.}}|.}} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}} | |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;ed{{#if:{{{EditorSurname2|}}}|s}}{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.||.}} }} }} }}{{ <!--============ Periodicals ============--> #if: {{{Periodical|}}} |{{ #if: {{{Other|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{Other|}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname1|}}}{{{EditorSurname1|}}}{{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;}}{{ #if: {{{Title|}}}{{{TransTitle|}}} |{{Citation/make link | 1={{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}} |{{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkURL|}}} |{{ #if: {{{URL|}}} |{{{URL}}} }} }} |{{ #if: {{{URL|}}} |{{{URL}}} }} }} | 2="{{{Title}}}{{ #if: {{{TransTitle|}}} |{{ #if: {{{Title|}}} |&#32; }}&#91;{{{TransTitle}}}&#93; }}" }}{{ #if: {{{TitleNote|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{TitleNote}}} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{language|}}} |&#32;(in {{{language}}}) }}{{ #if: {{{format|}}} |&#32;({{{format}}}) }}{{ #if: {{{Periodical|}}} |{{ #if:{{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}}{{{Title|}}}{{{TransTitle|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32; }}''<nowiki />{{{Periodical}}}<nowiki />''{{ #if: {{{Series|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{Series}}} }}{{ #if: {{{PublicationPlace|}}} |{{ #if: {{{Publisher|}}} |&#32;({{{PublicationPlace}}}<nowiki>: </nowiki>{{{Publisher}}}) |&#32;({{{PublicationPlace}}}) }} |{{ #if: {{{Publisher|}}} |&#32;({{{Publisher}}}) }} }}{{ #if: {{{Volume|}}} |&#32;{{#if:{{{Periodical|}}}|'''<nowiki />{{{Volume}}}<nowiki />'''|{{{Volume}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Issue|}}} |&#32;({{{Issue}}}) }} |{{ #if: {{{Issue|}}} |&#32;({{{Issue}}}) }} }}{{ #if: {{{At|}}} |<nowiki>: </nowiki> {{{At}}} }} |{{ <!--============ Anything else with a title, including books ============--> #if: {{{Title|}}}{{{TransItalic|}}} |{{ #if: {{{Surname1|}}}{{{EditorSurname1|}}}{{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}}{{{Periodical|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}} }}&#32;{{Citation/make link | 1={{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}} |{{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkURL|}}} |{{ #if: {{{URL|}}} |{{{URL}}} }} }} |{{ #if: {{{URL|}}} |{{{URL}}} }} }} | 2=''<nowiki />{{{Title|}}}{{ #if:{{{TransItalic|}}}|&#32;&#91;{{{TransItalic}}}&#93; }}<nowiki />'' }} }}{{ #if: {{{TitleType|}}} |&#32;({{{TitleType}}}) }}{{ #if: {{{Series|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{Series}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Volume|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;'''<nowiki />{{{Volume}}}<nowiki />''' }}{{ #if: {{{Other|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{Other|}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Edition|}}} |&#32;({{{Edition}}} ed.) }}{{ #if: {{{PublicationPlace|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{PublicationPlace}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Publisher|}}} |{{ #if: {{{PublicationPlace|}}} |<nowiki>:</nowiki> |{{{Sep|,}}} }}&#32;{{{Publisher}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ Date (if no author/editor) ============--> #if: {{{Surname1|}}}{{{EditorSurname1|}}} | |{{ #if: {{{Date|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{Date}}}{{ #if:{{{YearNote|}}} |&#32;[{{{YearNote}}}] }} }} }}{{ <!--============ Publication date ============--> #if: {{{PublicationDate|}}} |{{ #ifeq: {{{PublicationDate|}}} | {{{Date|}}} | |{{ #if: {{{EditorSurname1|}}} |{{ #if: {{{Surname1|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{PublicationDate}}} |&#32;(published {{{PublicationDate}}}) }} |{{ #if: {{{Periodical|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{PublicationDate}}} |&#32;(published {{{PublicationDate}}}) }} }} }} }}{{ <!--============ Page within included work ============--> #if: {{{Periodical|}}} | |{{ #if: {{{At|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{At}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ arXiv ==============--> #if: {{{ARXIV|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=arxiv |input1={{{ARXIV|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ ASIN ===============--> #if: {{{ASIN|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=asin |input1={{{ASIN|}}} |input2={{{ASIN-TLD|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ BIBCODE ============--> #if: {{{BIBCODE|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=bibcode |input1={{{BIBCODE|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ DOI ================--> #if:{{{DOI|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=doi |input1={{{DOI|}}} |input2={{{DoiBroken|}}} |input3={{{template doc demo|}}}}} }}{{ <!--============ ISBN ===============--> #if: {{{ISBN|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=isbn |input1={{{ISBN|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ ISSN ===============--> #if: {{{ISSN|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=issn |input1={{{ISSN|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ JFM ================--> #if: {{{JFM|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=jfm |input1={{{JFM|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ JSTOR ==============--> #if: {{{JSTOR|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=jstor |input1={{{JSTOR|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ LCCN ===============--> #if: {{{LCCN|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=lccn |input1={{{LCCN|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ MR =================--> #if: {{{MR|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=mr |input1={{{MR|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ OCLC ===============--> #if: {{{OCLC|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=oclc |input1={{{OCLC|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ OL =================--> #if: {{{OL|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=ol |input1={{{OL|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ OSTI ===============--> #if: {{{OSTI|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=osti |input1={{{OSTI|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ PMC ================--> #if: {{{PMC|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=pmc |input1={{{PMC|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ PMID ===============--> #if: {{{PMID|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=pmid |input1={{{PMID|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ RFC ================--> #if: {{{RFC|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=rfc|input1={{{RFC|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ SSRN ================--> #if: {{{SSRN|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=ssrn |input1={{{SSRN|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ ZBL ================--> #if: {{{ZBL|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{citation/identifier |identifier=zbl |input1={{{ZBL|}}} }} }}{{ <!--============ Misc. Identifier ============--> #if: {{{ID|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{ID}}} }}{{ <!--============ Archive data, etc ===========--> #if: {{{Archive|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{{Archive}}}[[Category:Pages using deprecated citation archive parameters]] |{{ #if:{{{ArchiveURL|}}}{{{ArchiveDate|}}} | {{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{#ifeq: {{{DeadURL|}}} | no | {{#if:{{{ArchiveURL|}}} |{{Citation/make link|{{{ArchiveURL|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|A|a}}rchived}}&#32;from the original |{{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|A|a}}rchived }} | {{#ifeq:{{{Sep}}}|.|A|a}}rchived{{#if:{{{OriginalURL|}}}{{{IncludedWorkURL|}}} |{{#if:{{{ArchiveURL|}}}|&#32;from {{Citation/make link|{{{OriginalURL|{{{IncludedWorkURL|}}}}}}|the original}}}} }} }}{{#if:{{{ArchiveDate|}}}|&#32;on {{{ArchiveDate}}}}}{{ #if:{{#if:{{{ArchiveURL|}}}||A}}{{#if:{{{OriginalURL|}}}{{{IncludedWorkURL|}}}||B}}{{#if:{{{ArchiveDate|}}}||C}} |. {{citation error|nocat={{{template doc demo|}}} |If you specify <code>&#124;{{#if:{{{ArchiveURL|}}}|archiveurl|archivedate}}&#61;</code>{{#ifeq:{{{DeadURL|}}}|no|{{#if:{{{OriginalURL|}}}{{{IncludedWorkURL|}}}||&#32;and <code>&#124;deadurl&#61;no</code>}}}}, you must {{#if:{{{OriginalURL|}}}{{{IncludedWorkURL|}}}| also specify <code>&#124;{{#if:{{{ArchiveURL|}}}|archivedate|archiveurl}}&#61;</code>| {{#ifeq:{{{DeadURL|}}}|no|also|first}} specify <code>&#124;url&#61;</code>}}}} }} }} }}{{ <!--============ URL and AccessDate ============--> #if: {{{URL|}}}{{{IncludedWorkURL|}}}{{#ifeq:{{{DeadURL|}}}|no|{{{ArchiveURL|}}}|}} |{{ #if: {{{Title|}}}{{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}}{{{TransTitle|}}} |<span class="printonly">{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkURL|}}} |{{{IncludedWorkURL}}} |{{{URL}}} }}</span> |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;{{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkURL|}}} |{{{IncludedWorkURL}}} |{{{URL}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{AccessDate|}}} | <span class="reference-accessdate">{{#ifeq:{{{Sep|}}}|,|,&#32;r|.&#32;R}}etrieved {{{AccessDate}}}</span> }} }}{{#if:{{{laysummary|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;[{{{laysummary}}} Lay summary]{{#if: {{{laysource|}}}|&nbsp;&ndash;&nbsp;''<nowiki />{{{laysource}}}<nowiki />''}} }}{{#if:{{{laydate|}}} | &#32;({{{laydate}}}) }}{{#if:{{{quote|}}} |{{{Sep|,}}}&#32;"{{{quote}}}" }}{{{PS|}}}</span><!-- === This is a COinS tag (http://ocoins.info), which allows automated tools to parse the citation information: === --><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt={{urlencode:info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:}}{{ #if: {{{Periodical|}}} |journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle={{urlencode:{{{Title|}}}}}&rft.jtitle={{urlencode:{{{Periodical|}}}}} |book{{ #if: {{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}} |&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle={{urlencode:{{{IncludedWorkTitle|}}}}}&rft.atitle={{urlencode:{{{Title|}}}}} |&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle={{urlencode:{{{Title|}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname1|}}} |&rft.aulast={{urlencode:{{{Surname1}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given1|}}} |&rft.aufirst={{urlencode:{{{Given1}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname1|}}} |&rft.au={{urlencode:{{{Surname1}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given1|}}} |{{urlencode:{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given1}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname2|}}} |&rft.au={{urlencode:{{{Surname2}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given2|}}} |{{urlencode:{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given2}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname3|}}} |&rft.au={{urlencode:{{{Surname3}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given3|}}} |{{urlencode:{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given3}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname4|}}} |&rft.au={{urlencode:{{{Surname4}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given4|}}} |{{urlencode:{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given4}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname5|}}} |&rft.au={{urlencode:{{{Surname5}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given5|}}} |{{urlencode:{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given5}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname6|}}} |&rft.au={{urlencode:{{{Surname6}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given6|}}} |{{urlencode:{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given6}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname7|}}} |&rft.au={{urlencode:{{{Surname7}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given7|}}} |{{urlencode:{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given7}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname8|}}} |&rft.au={{urlencode:{{{Surname8}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given8|}}} |{{urlencode:{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given8}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Surname9|}}} |&rft.au={{urlencode:{{{Surname9}}}}}{{ #if: {{{Given9|}}} |{{urlencode:{{{NameSep|,&#32;}}}{{{Given9}}}}} }} }}{{ #if: {{{Date|}}} |&rft.date={{urlencode:{{{Date}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Series|}}} |&rft.series={{urlencode:{{{Series}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Volume|}}} |&rft.volume={{urlencode:{{{Volume}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Issue|}}} |&rft.issue={{urlencode:{{{Issue}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{At|}}} |&rft.pages={{urlencode:{{{At}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Edition|}}} |&rft.edition={{urlencode:{{{Edition}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{PublicationPlace|}}}{{{Place|}}} |&rft.place={{urlencode:{{{PublicationPlace|{{{Place}}}}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{Publisher|}}} |&rft.pub={{urlencode:{{{Publisher}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{ARXIV|}}} |&rft_id=info:arxiv/{{urlencode:{{{ARXIV}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{ASIN|}}} |&rft_id=info:asin/{{urlencode:{{{ASIN}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{BIBCODE|}}} |&rft_id=info:bibcode/{{urlencode:{{{BIBCODE}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{DOI|}}} |&rft_id=info:doi/{{urlencode:{{{DOI}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{ISBN|}}} |&rft.isbn={{urlencode:{{{ISBN}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{ISSN|}}} |&rft.issn={{urlencode:{{{ISSN}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{JFM|}}} |&rft.jfm={{urlencode:{{{JFM}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{JSTOR|}}} |&rft.jstor={{urlencode:{{{JSTOR}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{LCCN|}}} |&rft.lccn={{urlencode:{{{LCCN}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{OCLC|}}} |&rft_id=info:oclcnum/{{urlencode:{{{OCLC}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{OL|}}} |&rft_id=info:olnum/{{urlencode:{{{OL}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{OSTI|}}} |&rft_id=info:osti/{{urlencode:{{{OSTI}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{MR|}}} |&rft.mr={{urlencode:{{{MR}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{PMC|}}} |&rft_id=info:pmc/{{urlencode:{{{PMC}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{PMID|}}} |&rft_id=info:pmid/{{urlencode:{{{PMID}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{RFC|}}} |&rft_id=info:rfc/{{urlencode:{{{RFC}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{SSRN|}}} |&rft_id=info:ssrn/{{urlencode:{{{SSRN}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{ZBL|}}} |&rft_id=info:zbl/{{urlencode:{{{ZBL}}}}} }}{{ #if: {{{URL|}}}{{{IncludedWorkURL|}}} |&rft_id={{urlencode:{{{URL|{{{IncludedWorkURL|}}}}}}}} }}&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}"><span style="display: none;">&nbsp;</span></span><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> gd5lzu9vxjaeyq4m8ym55m1qddorc47 10 5716 104416 101510 2026-09-14T06:34:23Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}} |[{{{1}}} {{{2}}}] |{{{2}}} }}<noinclude><!-- Code notes (here so that people /read/ it) 1. Parameter #2 is always nonempty when called from {{Citation/core}}. 2. It's up to {{Citation/core}} to stop italicized "'foo' & 'bar'" from becoming "'''foo' & 'bar'''". Citation/core does this by having a <nowiki></nowiki> at both beginning and end of the call to this template. Since this is only needed once, it's more efficient to do it in {{Citation/core}} than here. -->{{documentation}}</noinclude> kpq1iofpfn0fdo5bshpu1vjve3ehx2d 10 5718 104415 101511 2026-09-14T06:33:14Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Replaced content with "<includeonly>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} {{collapse top|TemplateData}} {{Cite book/TemplateData}} {{collapse bottom}} </noinclude>" 104415 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} {{collapse top|TemplateData}} {{Cite book/TemplateData}} {{collapse bottom}} </noinclude> my4yy07itdv4e2t5sc1x4l3pzgpmzo7 828 6289 104389 104272 2026-09-13T13:10:15Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104389 Scribunto text/plain -- Inputs: -- image - Can either be a bare filename (with or without the File:/Image: prefix) or a fully formatted image link -- page - page to display for multipage images (DjVu) -- size - size to display the image -- maxsize - maximum size for image -- sizedefault - default size to display the image if size param is blank -- alt - alt text for image -- title - title text for image -- border - set to yes if border -- center - set to yes, if the image has to be centered -- upright - upright image param -- suppressplaceholder - if yes then checks to see if image is a placeholder and suppresses it -- link - page to visit when clicking on image -- Outputs: -- Formatted image. -- More details available at the "Module:InfoboxImage/doc" page local i = {}; local placeholder_image = { "Blue - Replace this image female.svg", "Blue - Replace this image male.svg", "Female no free image yet.png", "Flag of None (square).svg", "Flag of None.svg", "Flag of.svg", "Green - Replace this image female.svg", "Green - Replace this image male.svg", "Image is needed female.svg", "Image is needed male.svg", "Location map of None.svg", "Male no free image yet.png", "Missing flag.png", "No flag.svg", "No free portrait.svg", "No portrait (female).svg", "No portrait (male).svg", "Red - Replace this image female.svg", "Red - Replace this image male.svg", "Replace this image female (blue).svg", "Replace this image female.svg", "Replace this image male (blue).svg", "Replace this image male.svg", "Silver - Replace this image female.svg", "Silver - Replace this image male.svg", "Replace this image.svg", "Cricket no pic.png", "CarersLogo.gif", "Diagram Needed.svg", "Example.jpg", "Image placeholder.png", "No male portrait.svg", "Nocover-upload.png", "NoDVDcover copy.png", "Noribbon.svg", "No portrait-BFD-test.svg", "Placeholder barnstar ribbon.png", "Project Trains no image.png", "Image-request.png", "Sin bandera.svg", "Sin escudo.svg", "Replace this image - temple.png", "Replace this image butterfly.png", "Replace this image.svg", "Replace this image1.svg", "Resolution angle.png", "Image-No portrait-text-BFD-test.svg", "Insert image here.svg", "No image available.png", "NO IMAGE YET square.png", "NO IMAGE YET.png", "No Photo Available.svg", "No Screenshot.svg", "No-image-available.jpg", "Null.png", "PictureNeeded.gif", "Place holder.jpg", "Unbenannt.JPG", "UploadACopyrightFreeImage.svg", "UploadAnImage.gif", "UploadAnImage.svg", "UploadAnImageShort.svg", "CarersLogo.gif", "Diagram Needed.svg", "No male portrait.svg", "NoDVDcover copy.png", "Placeholder barnstar ribbon.png", "Project Trains no image.png", "Image-request.png", "Noimage.gif", } function i.IsPlaceholder(image) -- change underscores to spaces image = mw.ustring.gsub(image, "_", " "); assert(image ~= nil, 'mw.ustring.gsub(image, "_", " ") must not return nil') -- if image starts with [[ then remove that and anything after | if mw.ustring.sub(image,1,2) == "[[" then image = mw.ustring.sub(image,3); image = mw.ustring.gsub(image, "([^|]*)|.*", "%1"); assert(image ~= nil, 'mw.ustring.gsub(image, "([^|]*)|.*", "%1") must not return nil') end -- Trim spaces image = mw.ustring.gsub(image, '^[ ]*(.-)[ ]*$', '%1'); assert(image ~= nil, "mw.ustring.gsub(image, '^[ ]*(.-)[ ]*$', '%1') must not return nil") -- remove prefix if exists local allNames = mw.site.namespaces[6].aliases allNames[#allNames + 1] = mw.site.namespaces[6].name allNames[#allNames + 1] = mw.site.namespaces[6].canonicalName for i, name in ipairs(allNames) do if mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(image, 1, mw.ustring.len(name) + 1)) == mw.ustring.lower(name .. ":") then image = mw.ustring.sub(image, mw.ustring.len(name) + 2); break end end -- Trim spaces image = mw.ustring.gsub(image, '^[ ]*(.-)[ ]*$', '%1'); -- capitalise first letter image = mw.ustring.upper(mw.ustring.sub(image,1,1)) .. mw.ustring.sub(image,2); for i,j in pairs(placeholder_image) do if image == j then return true end end return false end function i.InfoboxImage(frame) local image = frame.args["image"]; if image == "" or image == nil then return ""; end if image == "&nbsp;" then return image; end if frame.args["suppressplaceholder"] ~= "no" then if i.IsPlaceholder(image) == true then return ""; end end if mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(image,1,5)) == "http:" then return ""; end if mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(image,1,6)) == "[http:" then return ""; end if mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(image,1,7)) == "[[http:" then return ""; end if mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(image,1,6)) == "https:" then return ""; end if mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(image,1,7)) == "[https:" then return ""; end if mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(image,1,8)) == "[[https:" then return ""; end if mw.ustring.sub(image,1,2) == "[[" then -- search for thumbnail images and add to tracking cat if found if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 0 and (mw.ustring.find(image, "|%s*thumb%s*[|%]]") or mw.ustring.find(image, "|%s*thumbnail%s*[|%]]")) then return image .. "[[Category:Pages using infoboxes with thumbnail images]]"; elseif mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 0 then return image .. "[[Category:Pages using deprecated image syntax]]"; else return image; end elseif mw.ustring.sub(image,1,2) == "{{" and mw.ustring.sub(image,1,3) ~= "{{{" then return image; elseif mw.ustring.sub(image,1,1) == "<" then return image; elseif mw.ustring.sub(image,1,5) == mw.ustring.char(127).."UNIQ" then -- Found strip marker at begining, so pass don't process at all return image; elseif mw.ustring.sub(image,4,9) == "`UNIQ-" then -- Found strip marker at begining, so pass don't process at all return image; else local result = ""; local page = frame.args["page"]; local size = frame.args["size"]; local maxsize = frame.args["maxsize"]; local sizedefault = frame.args["sizedefault"]; local alt = frame.args["alt"]; local link = frame.args["link"]; local title = frame.args["title"]; local border = frame.args["border"]; local upright = frame.args["upright"] or ""; local thumbtime = frame.args["thumbtime"] or ""; local center= frame.args["center"]; -- remove prefix if exists local allNames = mw.site.namespaces[6].aliases allNames[#allNames + 1] = mw.site.namespaces[6].name allNames[#allNames + 1] = mw.site.namespaces[6].canonicalName for i, name in ipairs(allNames) do if mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(image, 1, mw.ustring.len(name) + 1)) == mw.ustring.lower(name .. ":") then image = mw.ustring.sub(image, mw.ustring.len(name) + 2); break end end if maxsize ~= "" and maxsize ~= nil then -- if no sizedefault then set to maxsize if sizedefault == "" or sizedefault == nil then sizedefault = maxsize end -- check to see if size bigger than maxsize if size ~= "" and size ~= nil then local sizenumber = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(size,"%d*")) or 0; local maxsizenumber = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(maxsize,"%d*")) or 0; if sizenumber>maxsizenumber and maxsizenumber>0 then size = maxsize; end end end -- add px to size if just a number if (tonumber(size) or 0) > 0 then size = size .. "px"; end -- add px to sizedefault if just a number if (tonumber(sizedefault) or 0) > 0 then sizedefault = sizedefault .. "px"; end result = "[[File:" .. image; if page ~= "" and page ~= nil then result = result .. "|page=" .. page; end if size ~= "" and size ~= nil then result = result .. "|" .. size; elseif sizedefault ~= "" and sizedefault ~= nil then result = result .. "|" .. sizedefault; else result = result .. "|frameless"; end if center == "yes" then result = result .. "|center" end if alt ~= "" and alt ~= nil then result = result .. "|alt=" .. alt; end if link ~= "" and link ~= nil then result = result .. "|link=" .. link; end if border == "yes" then result = result .. "|border"; end if upright == "yes" then result = result .. "|upright"; elseif upright ~= "" then result = result .. "|upright=" .. upright; end if thumbtime ~= "" then result = result .. "|thumbtime=" .. thumbtime; end if title ~= "" and title ~= nil then result = result .. "|" .. title; elseif alt ~= "" and alt ~= nil then result = result .. "|" .. alt; end result = result .. "]]"; return result; end end return i; qtnddjnyefntigkcp7xwqp47j23hao6 828 6895 104395 100095 2026-09-13T13:22:09Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104395 Scribunto text/plain -- This module may be used to compare the arguments passed to the parent -- with a list of arguments, returning a specified result if an argument is -- not on the list require ('strict'); local p = {} local pushpin_map_params = { 'coordinates', 'pushpin_caption', 'pushpin_relief', 'pushpin_label', 'pushpin_label_position', 'pushpin_label_size', 'pushpin_map', 'pushpin_mark', 'pushpin_mark_size', 'pushpin_alt', 'pushpin_background', 'pushpin_map_size' } local mapframe_params = { 'coord', 'coordinates', 'id', 'qid', 'mapframe', 'mapframe-area_km2', 'mapframe-area_mi2', 'mapframe-caption', 'mapframe-coord', 'mapframe-coordinates', 'mapframe-custom', 'mapframe-frame-coord', 'mapframe-frame-coordinates', 'mapframe-frame-height', 'mapframe-frame-width', 'mapframe-geomask', 'mapframe-geomask-fill', 'mapframe-geomask-fill-opacity', 'mapframe-geomask-stroke-color', 'mapframe-geomask-stroke-colour', 'mapframe-geomask-stroke-width', 'mapframe-height', 'mapframe-id', 'mapframe-length_km', 'mapframe-length_mi', 'mapframe-line', 'mapframe-line-stroke-color', 'mapframe-line-stroke-colour', 'mapframe-marker', 'mapframe-marker-color', 'mapframe-marker-colour', 'mapframe-point', 'mapframe-population', 'mapframe-shape', 'mapframe-shape-fill', 'mapframe-shape-fill-opacity', 'mapframe-shape-stroke-color', 'mapframe-shape-stroke-colour', 'mapframe-stroke-color', 'mapframe-stroke-colour', 'mapframe-stroke-width', 'mapframe-switcher', 'mapframe-type', 'mapframe-width', 'mapframe-wikidata', 'mapframe-zoom' } local function trim(s) return s:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$') end local function isnotempty(s) return s and s:match('%S') end local function clean(text) -- Return text cleaned for display and truncated if too long. -- Strip markers are replaced with dummy text representing the original wikitext. local pos, truncated local function truncate(text) if truncated then return '' end if mw.ustring.len(text) > 25 then truncated = true text = mw.ustring.sub(text, 1, 25) .. '...' end return mw.text.nowiki(text) end local parts = {} for before, tag, remainder in text:gmatch('([^\127]*)\127[^\127]*%-(%l+)%-[^\127]*\127()') do pos = remainder table.insert(parts, truncate(before) .. '&lt;' .. tag .. '&gt;...&lt;/' .. tag .. '&gt;') end table.insert(parts, truncate(text:sub(pos or 1))) return table.concat(parts) end function p._check(args, pargs) if type(args) ~= "table" or type(pargs) ~= "table" then -- TODO: error handling return end -- create the list of known args, regular expressions, and the return string local knownargs = {} if isnotempty(args['mapframe_args']) then for _, v in ipairs(mapframe_params) do knownargs[v] = 1 end end if isnotempty(args['pushpin_map_args']) then for _, v in ipairs(pushpin_map_params) do knownargs[v] = 1 end end local regexps = {} for k, v in pairs(args) do if type(k) == 'number' then v = trim(v) knownargs[v] = 1 elseif k:find('^regexp[1-9][0-9]*$') then table.insert(regexps, '^' .. v .. '$') end end -- loop over the parent args, and make sure they are on the list local ignoreblank = isnotempty(args['ignoreblank']) local showblankpos = isnotempty(args['showblankpositional']) local values = {} for k, v in pairs(pargs) do if type(k) == 'string' and knownargs[k] == nil then local knownflag = false for _, regexp in ipairs(regexps) do if mw.ustring.match(k, regexp) then knownflag = true break end end if not knownflag and ( not ignoreblank or isnotempty(v) ) then table.insert(values, clean(k)) end elseif type(k) == 'number' and knownargs[tostring(k)] == nil then local knownflag = false for _, regexp in ipairs(regexps) do if mw.ustring.match(tostring(k), regexp) then knownflag = true break end end if not knownflag and ( showblankpos or isnotempty(v) ) then table.insert(values, k .. ' = ' .. clean(v)) end end end -- add results to the output tables local res = {} if #values > 0 then local unknown_text = args['unknown'] or 'Found _VALUE_, ' if mw.getCurrentFrame():preprocess( "{{REVISIONID}}" ) == "" then local preview_text = args['preview'] if isnotempty(preview_text) then preview_text = require('Module:If preview')._warning({preview_text}) elseif preview_text == nil then preview_text = unknown_text end unknown_text = preview_text end for _, v in pairs(values) do -- Fix odd bug for | = which gets stripped to the empty string and -- breaks category links if v == '' then v = ' ' end -- avoid error with v = 'example%2' ("invalid capture index") local r = unknown_text:gsub('_VALUE_', {_VALUE_ = v}) table.insert(res, r) end end return table.concat(res) end function p.check(frame) local args = frame.args local pargs = frame:getParent().args return p._check(args, pargs) end return p kohqf9fxewyce9gq1kljbz0180u8sl1 10 7415 104372 104371 2026-09-13T12:07:16Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | bodystyle = {{#if:{{{boxsize|}}}|width: {{{boxsize}}};}} | abovestyle = font-size:130%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}} }} }} }}; | above = {{{name|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}} | aboveclass = above | subheaderstyle = font-size:110%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{#if:{{{signedrs|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}} }} }} }}; | subheader1 = {{{altname|}}} | subheader2 = {{{nativename|}}} | subheader3 = {{#if:{{{acceptance|}}}|({{{acceptance|}}})}} | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{imagesize|{{{image_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{imagealt|}}}}} | caption = {{{imagecaption|}}} | headerstyle = color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}}}}}; | labelstyle = padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;<!--(modified longitem)--> padding-right:0.5em;<!--(to ensure some gap between any (long/unwrapped) label and subsequent data on same line)--> | datastyle = line-height:1.35em; <!---------------------------------------------------------> | label1 = सरुप्पनं | data1 = {{#if:{{{pronunciation|}}}| {{{pronunciation|''to be added''}}}}} | label2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | निम्माता | जातिकं }} | data2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{creator|–}}} |{{{states|{{{state|}}}}}} }} | label3 = कालो | data3 = {{{created|}}} | label4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | पयोगो च वियोगो च | {{#if:{{{region|}}}|पदेसो}} }} | data4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{setting|}}} |{{{region|}}} }} | label5 = [[पथवीविज्जा अक्खं|ठानन्तरं]] | data5 = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}}|{{#invoke:Coordinates|coordinsert|{{{coordinates}}}|type:landmark}}| }} | label6 = सभावजाति | data6 = {{{ethnicity|}}} | label7 = {{#if:{{{extinct|}}} |[[अन्तरहितभासा|अन्तरहितं]] |{{#if:{{{era|}}} |युगं |{{#if:{{{creator|}}} |पयुञ्जन्ता |{{longitem|जातिक {{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}}|भासन्ता|भासन्तानो}}}} }} }} }} | data7 =<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|(date missing)[[Category:Language articles with unknown extinction date]]|{{{extinct}}}}}<!-- extinct input used -->|{{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{{era}}}<!-- era input used -->|<!-- no era, check for sign/spoken -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|silver|1}}<!-- check for signers/silver -->|<!-- SIGN language (silver) -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}) |{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }} }} }}<!--(end if:date, ifeq:date=na, if:signers. end of SIGN) -->|<!-- SPOKEN language (not silver) -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{speakers|–}}} |{{#ifeq: {{{date}}}|no date|(undated figure of {{{speakers}}})|<!-- The following changes the display depending on the age of the data. Limit set to 25 years, as a population can double in that time. -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{formatnum:{{{date}}}|R}}|}} }}||{{#ifexpr:(({{#time:Y|now|en}} - {{padleft:|4|{{formatnum:{{{date}}}|R}}|}}) < 25)<!-- -->|<!-- regular-->{{{speakers|–}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}})<!-- -->|<!-- old (25+) -->({{{speakers}}} निद्दिट्ठं {{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}){{main other|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e19|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 19 speaker data]]|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e18|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 18 speaker data]]|[[Category:Language articles with old speaker data]]}}}}}}}}}}<!--(end ifexpr:25+, iferror:) -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |<!-- no date input -->{{{speakers|–}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }}<!--(end if:date, before the 25+ expr check) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=no date) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=na) -->|<!--(no speakers number to be shown)-->}}}}<!--(end if:speakers (in 2nd param of silver-check), if:silver. end of SPOKEN) -->}} }}<!--(end if:era, if:extinct. No open #if:s left) If there is a ref, and there is any input for this row (data7), then we add the reference: -->{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{date|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|sign_language}}|{{Infobox language/ref|{{{ref}}}|iso3={{{iso3|}}}|refname={{{refname|}}}|name={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|lc1={{{lc1|}}}|ld1={{Delink|{{{ld1}}}}}|lc2={{{lc2|}}}|ld2={{Delink|{{{ld2}}}}}|lc3={{{lc3|}}}|ld3={{Delink|{{{ld3}}}}}|lc4={{{lc4|}}}|ld4={{Delink|{{{ld4}}}}}|lc5={{{lc5|}}}|ld5={{Delink|{{{ld5}}}}}|lc6={{{lc6|}}}|ld6={{Delink|{{{ld6}}}}}|lc7={{{lc7|}}}|ld7={{Delink|{{{ld7}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Add speakers2 after the ref: -->{{#if:{{{speakers2|}}}|<br />{{{speakers2|}}} }} | label8 = {{#if:{{{revived|}}} |[[Language revitalization|Revival]]{{#if:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat|}}}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat}}}}}}|nocat|<!--suppress-->|[[Category:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat}}}}}}]]|[[Category:Language revival]]}} }} }} | data8 = {{{revived|}}} | label9 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | अत्थो | {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[ဘာသာကုလံ]]}}}} }} | data9 = {{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{family}}}}}|na||<div style="text-align:left;">{{{family|{{{fam1|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |''Unknown''{{main other|[[Category:Languages without classification]]}} |{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} |[[constructed language]] |{{Infobox language/genetic|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}} }} }}}}} <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> {{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|isolate||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Isolate||{{#if:{{{fam2|}}} | {{{fam2}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam3|}}} | {{{fam3}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam4|}}} | {{{fam4}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam5|}}} | {{{fam5}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam6|}}} | {{{fam6}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam7|}}} | {{{fam7}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam8|}}} | {{{fam8}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam9|}}} | {{{fam9}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam10|}}} | {{{fam10}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam11|}}} | {{{fam11}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam12|}}} | {{{fam12}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam13|}}} | {{{fam13}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam14|}}} | {{{fam14}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam15|}}} | {{{fam15}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''</li></ul> | '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul> }}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | label10 = {{longitem|पुब्बरूपानि}} | data10 = {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{protoname|{{{ancestor|}}}}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor2}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor3|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor3}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor4|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor4}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor5|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor5}}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </div>}} | label11 = {{longitem|पमाणरूपानि}} | data11 = {{#if:{{{standards|}}}|{{{standards}}} |{{#if:{{{stand1|}}}| <div>{{{stand1|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand2|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand3|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand4|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand5|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand6|}}}</div> }}}} | label12 = देसियभासा | data12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}|{{{dialects}}} |{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}| {{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|*{{{dia1}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia2|}}}|*{{{dia2}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia3|}}}|*{{{dia3}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia4|}}}|*{{{dia4}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia5|}}}|*{{{dia5}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia6|}}}|*{{{dia6}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia7|}}}|*{{{dia7}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia8|}}}|*{{{dia8}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia9|}}}|*{{{dia9}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia10|}}}|*{{{dia10}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia11|}}}|*{{{dia11}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia12|}}}|*{{{dia12}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia13|}}}|*{{{dia13}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia14|}}}|*{{{dia14}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia15|}}}|*{{{dia15}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia16|}}}|*{{{dia16}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia17|}}}|*{{{dia17}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia18|}}}|*{{{dia18}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia19|}}}|*{{{dia19}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia20|}}}|*{{{dia20}}}}} }}}} | rowclass12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}||{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|{{{listclass|{{{liststyle|plainlist}}}}}}}}}} | label13 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[लिपिकम्मं]]}}}} | data13 = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{script|}}}}} | latin | [[लैटिन]] | latin alphabet | [[लैटिनअक्खरा]] | [[लैटिनअक्खरा|लैटिन]] = [[Latin script|Latin]] | #default = {{{script|}}} }} | label14 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[Manually coded language|Signed forms]]}}}} | data14 = {{#if:{{{sign|}}}|{{{sign}}}}} | label15 = सम्भवो | data15 = {{{posteriori|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header16 = {{#if:{{{nation|}}}{{{minority|}}}{{{agency|}}}|धम्मिकट्ठानं}} | label17 = {{longitem|किच्चपयोगो}} | data17 = {{{nation|}}} | label18 = {{longitem|class=nowrap|अप्पकभासात्तेन<br />सञ्जाननं}} | data18 = {{#if:{{{minority|}}} |<div style="<!--label17 above almost always linewraps, so:-->vertical-align:middle;">{{{minority}}}</div>}} | label19 = धम्मिकपालको | data19 = {{{agency|{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{agency|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}|black|1}}|1|0}} | ''नत्थि'' <!-- | {{#if:{{{nation|}}}|''No official regulation''}} [this ends up claiming that languages have no regulation just cuz no-one bothered to add the regulator --> }}}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header20 = भासासङ्केतानि | label21 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-1]]}} | data21 = {{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso1|}}}}}| 2 | {{ISO639-1|{{{iso1}}}}} | {{{iso1}}} }}</code> {{{iso1comment|}}}}} | label22 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-2]]}} | data22 = {{#if:{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<code>{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2b|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2b}}}}} | {{{iso2b}}} }}&nbsp;(B) |{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |{{{iso2|sgn}}} |{{ #if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{iso2|art}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2}}}}} | {{{iso2}}} }}}}}}}}</code> {{{iso2comment|}}}{{ #if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<br /><code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2t|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2t}}}}} | {{{iso2t}}} }}&nbsp;(T)</code>}} }} | label23 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-3]]}} | data23 = {{#if:{{{iso3|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{iso3|}}}}}|none|{{#if:{{{iso3comment|}}}|{{{iso3comment}}}|''नत्थि'' (<code>mis</code>)}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso3}}}}}| 3 | [[ISO639-3:{{{iso3}}}|{{{iso3}}}]] | {{{iso3}}} }}</code> {{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| – [[:en:ISO 639 macrolanguage|पच्चेक सङ्केता]]<!--not all are 'macrolanguages': Hittite, for example-->}} {{{iso3comment|}}}}}|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| |–}}}}{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|1|0}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />पच्चेकसङ्केतानि|{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|Variously|Either}}}}:{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc1|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc4|}}}|{{{ld4|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc5|}}}|{{{ld5|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc6|}}}|{{{ld6|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc7|}}}|{{{ld7|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc8|}}}|{{{ld8|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc9|}}}|{{{ld9|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc10|}}}|{{{ld10|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc11|}}}|{{{ld11|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc12|}}}|{{{ld12|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc13|}}}|{{{ld13|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc14|}}}|{{{ld14|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc15|}}}|{{{ld15|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc16|}}}|{{{ld16|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc17|}}}|{{{ld17|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc18|}}}|{{{ld18|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc19|}}}|{{{ld19|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc20|}}}|{{{ld20|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc21|}}}|{{{ld21|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc22|}}}|{{{ld22|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc23|}}}|{{{ld23|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc24|}}}|{{{ld24|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc25|}}}|{{{ld25|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc26|}}}|{{{ld26|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc27|}}}|{{{ld27|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc28|}}}|{{{ld28|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc29|}}}|{{{ld29|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc30|}}}|{{{ld30|}}} }} |{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />Individual code:}}{{Infobox language/codelist|code={{{lc1}}}|2={{{ld1|}}} }} }} }} | label24 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-6]]}}<!-- NOTE: ISO 639-6 was withdrawn in 2014.--> | data24 = {{#if:{{{iso6|}}}|<code>{{{iso6}}}</code>}} | label25 = {{longitem|[[Linguist List]]}} | data25 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist|}}} |2={{{lingname|}}}}} | label26 = &nbsp; | data26 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist2|}}}|2={{{lingname2|}}}}} | label27 = &nbsp; | data27 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist3|}}}|2={{{lingname3|}}}}} | label28 = &nbsp; | data28 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist4|}}}|2={{{lingname4|}}}}} | label29 = &nbsp; | data29 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist5|}}}|2={{{lingname5|}}}}} | label30 = &nbsp; | data30 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist6|}}}|2={{{lingname6|}}}}} | label31 = [[Glottolog]] | data31 = {{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|none|''नत्थि''[[Category:Languages without Glottolog code]]|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|spurious|(insufficiently attested or not a distinct language){{main other|[[Category:Languages rejected by Glottolog]]}}|<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto}}}|{{{glottorefname|{{{glottoname|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog"}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|<br />|<!--no break when more than one box on a page-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto2}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname2}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto2}}}|{{{glottorefname2|{{{glottoname2|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog2"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto3}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname3}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto3}}}|{{{glottorefname3|{{{glottoname3|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog3"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto4}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname4}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto4}}}|{{{glottorefname4|{{{glottoname4|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog4"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto5}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname5}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto5}}}|{{{glottorefname5|{{{glottoname5|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog5"}}}}}} | label32 = [[Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies|AIATSIS]]{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{#tag:ref|{{AIATSIS|{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{{aiatsisname|{{{name}}}}}}|{{{aiatsis2|}}}}}|name="AIATSIS"}}}} | data32 = {{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|<code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis}}} {{{aiatsis}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis2|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis2}}} {{{aiatsis2}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname2|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname2}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis3|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis3}}} {{{aiatsis3}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname3|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname3}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis4|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis4}}} {{{aiatsis4}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname4|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname4}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis5|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis5}}} {{{aiatsis5}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname5|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname5}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis6|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis6}}} {{{aiatsis6}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname6|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname6}}}}} }} | label33 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[Guthrie classification of Bantu languages|Guthrie code]]}}}} | data33 = {{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<code>{{{guthrie}}}</code><ref name="Guthrie">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. [http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf New Updated Guthrie List Online]</ref>}} | label34 = [[Linguasphere Observatory|Linguasphere]] | data34 = {{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|<code>{{{lingua}}}</code>{{{lingua_ref|}}}}} | label35 = [[IETF language tag|IETF]] | data35 = {{#if:{{{ietf|}}}|<code>{{{ietf}}}</code>{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with IETF language tag]]}}}} | data36 = {{#if:{{{map|}}} |{{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map}}}|size={{{mapsize|}}}|sizedefault=220px|alt={{{mapalt|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption}}}</div>}} }} | data37 = {{#if:{{{map2|}}} | {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map2}}}|size={{{mapsize|}}}|sizedefault=220px|alt={{{mapalt2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption2|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption2}}}</div>}} }} | data40 = {{{module|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | belowclass = noprint selfref | belowstyle = background-color:#ddddff;padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3; | below = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{notice|{{{notice2|}}}}}}}}|ipa |'''इमस्मिं आलेखनिय [[:en:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] सरुप्पनसञो वत्तन्ति॥''' सम्मा उपत्थम्भस्स अभावेन यूनिकोड अक्खरानं ठाने ? लक्खणानि। चतुरस्सकानि सञन्तरानि च दिस्सेय्युं॥ IPA सञानं परिचयत्थाय [[Help:IPA]] पस्सथ॥ }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> gh8eagvx24qlhofk7pu3v8z2aq0bgc5 104379 104372 2026-09-13T12:22:55Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104379 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- {{#if:{{#property:P1627}}|<div style="position: fixed;right:0px;top:0px; background:#EBECF0;width:100%;padding:0.3em 0.2em;font-size:50%; color:gray; z-index:200">{{collapsible list|title=&nbsp;&nbsp; Sii {{SUBPAGENAME}} en: |1=<span style="line-height:normal;font-size:150%">{{#if:{{#property:P1627}}|[[ISO639-3:{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1627|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no| noicon = yes |linked=false}}|ISO]] {{*}} {{pranala|1=[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1627|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no| noicon = yes |linked=false}}/ Ethnologue] {{*}} [[:en:ISO 639:{{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1627|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no| noicon = yes |linked=false}}|Inglish Wikkapedya]]}}}} </span>}} </div>}} --><!-- INFOBOX -->{{Infobox |templatestyles = Template:Infobox language/styles.css | aboveclass = above basa |bodystyle = width: 22em; border-radius: 10px; border-collapse: separate; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; float: right; box-shadow: 0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0.1,0.2,0.1,0.2); | abovestyle = background-color: {{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}; color: black; font-family: 'Noto Serif Devanagari'; font-size:140%; border-top-left-radius:3px; border-top-right-radius:3px; | above = <div style="position: relative; width: 100%; text-align: center; padding-right: 28px; padding-left: 28px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 115%; line-height: 1.2;">{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}</span>{{#if:{{{nativename|}}}|<br /><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 95%; line-height: 1.2;">{{{nativename}}}</span>}}<div style="position: absolute; right: 4px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); line-height: 0;">[[File:Picto infobox comicballoon.png|25px|link=|alt=]]</div></div> |image= {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|{{#ifexist:Media:{{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P18|fetchwikidata=ALL|noicon=yes|onlysourced=no}}|{{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P18|fetchwikidata=ALL|noicon=yes|onlysourced=no}}}} }}}|size={{{imagesize|}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{imagealt|}}}}} | caption = <div style="line-height:normal; font-family:'Times New Roman'">{{{imagecaption|}}} </div> | headerstyle = margin:0.2em; opacity:80%; font-family:'Bell MT'; font-size:130%; color: {{#if:{{{created|}}}{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}}}}};line-height:1.3;padding:0.2em; | labelstyle = padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em;<!--(modified longitem)--> padding-right:0.5em;<!--(to ensure some gap between any (long/unwrapped) label and subsequent data on same line)--> | datastyle = line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em <!---------------------------------------------------------> | label1 = समुदाहार | data1 = {{#if:{{{pronunciation|}}}| {{{pronunciation|}}} }} | label2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} | सङ्खत | उत्तपि }} | data2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} | {{{creator|–}}} | {{{states|{{{state|}}}}}} }} | label3 = {{#if:{{{created|}}} | उतुपमाण सङ्खत }} | data3 = {{#if:{{{created|}}} | {{{created}}} }} | label4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |अकप्पयि हेतु |{{#if:{{{region|}}}|पदेस}} }} | data4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{setting|}}} |{{{region|}}} }} | label5 = ठितोकास (कूर्दीनात) | data5 = {{#if:{{{latd|}}} | <small style="white-space: nowrap">{{coord|{{{latd}}}|{{{latm}}}|{{{latNS}}}|{{{longd}}}|{{{longm}}}|{{{longEW}}}|type:landmark|display=inline}}</small> }} | label6 = जनता | data6 = {{{ethnicity|}}} | label7 = {{#if:{{{extinct|}}} |[[कालकत भासा|कालकत काल]] |{{#if:{{{era|}}} |परिवास |{{#if:{{{creator|{{{speakers_label|}}}}}} |{{{speakers_label|परिभुत्ताणि}}} |वादका }} }} }} | data7 = <!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|(काल अविञ्ञाणका)[[विभाग:अभिपन्नाणि सम्भासायो ​अञ्ञत परिक्खय मासदिवसा]]|{{{extinct}}}}}<!-- extinct input used -->|{{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{{era}}}<!-- era input used -->|<!-- no era, check for sign/spoken -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|silver|1}}<!-- check for signers/silver -->|<!-- SIGN language (silver) -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|none|''नकोचि'' |{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}) |{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with non-tiered speaker counts]]}}}} }} }} }} }}<!--(end if:date, ifeq:date=na, if:signers. end of SIGN) -->|<!-- SPOKEN language (not silver) -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{speakers|–}}} |{{#ifeq: {{{date}}}|no date|({{{speakers}}} from wun undaited source.)|<!-- The following changes the display depending on the age of the data. Limit set to 25 years, as a population can double in that time. -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}} }}||{{#ifexpr:(({{CURRENTYEAR}} - {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}}) < 25)<!-- -->|<!-- regular-->{{{speakers|–}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}})<!-- -->|<!-- old (25+) -->({{{speakers}}} per {{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}){{main other|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e19|[[Category:Language articles with outdated speaker count data from Ethnologue 19]]|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e18|[[Category:Language articles with outdated speaker count data from Ethnologue 18]]|[[Category:Language articles with outdated speaker count data]]}}}}}}}}}}<!--(end ifexpr:25+, iferror:) -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|none|''नकोचि'' |<!-- no date input -->{{{speakers|–}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with undated speaker counts]]}}}} }} }}<!--(end if:date, before the 25+ expr check) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=no date) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=na) -->|<!--(no speakers number to be shown)-->}}}}<!--(end if:speakers (in 2nd param of silver-check), if:silver. end of SPOKEN) -->}} }}<!--(end if:era, if:extinct. No open #if:s left) If there is a ref, and there is any input for this row (data7), then we add the reference: -->{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{date|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|sign_language}}|{{Infobox language/ref|{{{ref}}}|iso3={{{iso3|}}}|refname={{{refname|}}}|name={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|lc1={{{lc1|}}}|ld1={{Delink|{{{ld1}}}}}|lc2={{{lc2|}}}|ld2={{Delink|{{{ld2}}}}}|lc3={{{lc3|}}}|ld3={{Delink|{{{ld3}}}}}|lc4={{{lc4|}}}|ld4={{Delink|{{{ld4}}}}}|lc5={{{lc5|}}}|ld5={{Delink|{{{ld5}}}}}|lc6={{{lc6|}}}|ld6={{Delink|{{{ld6}}}}}|lc7={{{lc7|}}}|ld7={{Delink|{{{ld7}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Add speakers2 after the ref: -->{{#if:{{{speakers2|}}}|<br />{{{speakers2|}}} }} {{#if:{{{revived|}}}|| {{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1098|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=yes|noicon=yes}} | <div style="line-height:normal; text-align:left">'''वादका अधिकरण''' <small>T' numma o' speakers, along wi' (if applicable) t' collection method, taaep, dait, an loekayshun.{{Wikidata|references|P1098}}</small> {{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1098|fetchwikidata=ALL|list=ubl|qual=ALL|onlysourced=true|noicon=yes }}}} </div> }} | label8 = {{#if:{{{revived|}}} | [[Wp/pih/Laenghwij revival|Revival]]{{Wp/pih/main other|[[Category:Revived Language]]}} }} | data8 = {{{revived|}}} | label9 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}||[[Wp/pih/Laenghwij faemilii|Laenghwij faemilii]]}} | data9 = <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{family}}}}}|na|| <div style="text-align:left; margin-left:0.5em;"> {{Tree list}}{{#ifeq:{{Language Genealogy|ib=ya}}|ada|{{Language Genealogy|2={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}| <!-- Added class="treeview" right here to apply line styles --> <ul class="treeview" style="line-height:100%; padding-left:0;"> <ul style="line-height:100%; padding-left:0; margin:0;"> <li>{{{family|{{{fam1|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}}|''Unknown''{{main other|[[Category:Unclassified laenghwijz]]}}|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|[[Bahasa buatan]]|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Bawaan}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} {{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|isolate||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Isolate|| <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.5em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam2|}}}|{{{fam2}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam3|}}}|{{{fam3}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam4|}}}|{{{fam4}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam5|}}}|{{{fam5}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam6|}}}|{{{fam6}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam7|}}}|{{{fam7}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam8|}}}|{{{fam8}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam9|}}}|{{{fam9}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam10|}}}|{{{fam10}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam11|}}}|{{{fam11}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam12|}}}|{{{fam12}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam13|}}}|{{{fam13}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam14|}}}|{{{fam14}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam15|}}}|{{{fam15}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}}</li></ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul> }}}}}}}} </li> </ul> {{Tree list/end}} </div> }} {{Infobox |bodyclass=mw-collapsible |bodystyle={{Subinfobox bodystyle}} | headerstyle = text-align:left;font-weight:normal;<!--(modified longitem)--> padding-right:0.5em;<!--(to ensure some gap between any (long/unwrapped) label and subsequent data on same line)--> | datastyle = line-height:1.35em; | header11= {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|Ole form(s)}} | data12 = {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;margin-left:1.2em">{{Wp/pih/tree list}}<ul style="line-height:100%;padding-left:0;"><li>{{{protoname|{{{ancestor|}}}}}} <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li>{{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}} | {{{ancestor2|}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{ancestor3|}}} | {{{ancestor3|}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{ancestor4|}}} | {{{ancestor4|}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{ancestor5|}}} | {{{ancestor5|}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''</li></ul> | '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul> </li></ul> </li></ul>{{Wp/pih/Tree list/end}}</div> }} }} | label11 = Standard form(s) | data11 = {{#if:{{{standards|}}}|{{{standards}}} |{{#if:{{{stand1|}}}| <div>{{{stand1|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand2|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand3|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand4|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand5|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand6|}}}</div> }}}} | label12 = Dialekt(s) | data12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}|{{{dialects}}} |{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}| <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia1|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia2|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia3|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia4|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia5|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia6|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia7|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia8|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia9|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia10|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia11|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia12|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia13|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia14|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia15|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia16|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia17|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia18|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia19|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia20|}}}</div> }}}} | label13 = Version(s) | data13 = {{#if:{{{version|}}}|{{{version}}} |{{#if:{{{ver1|}}}| <div>{{{ver1|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver2|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver3|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver4|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver5|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver6|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver7|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver8|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver9|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver10|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver11|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver12|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver13|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver14|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver15|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver16|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver17|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver18|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver19|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver20|}}}</div> }}}} | label14 = [[Wp/pih/Writing system|Writing system]] | data14 = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{script|}}}}} | latin | [[latin]] | Roman Script | [[Wp/pih/Roman Script|Roman Script]] | [[aWp/pih/Roman Script|Latin]] = [[Wp/pih/Latin Script|Latin]] | #default = {{{script|}}} }} | label15 = [[Wp/pih/Laenghwij manual code|sign system]] | data15 = {{#if:{{{sign|}}}|{{{sign}}}}} | label16 = Posteriori | data16 = {{{posteriori|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header18 = {{#if:{{{nation|}}}{{{minority|}}}{{{agency|}}}|Ofishol statyuus}} | label19 = Ofishol laenghwij en | data19 = {{{nation|}}} | label20 = Recognized as a <br/> minority language in | data20 = {{#if:{{{minority|}}} |<div style="<!--label17 above almost always linewraps, so:-->vertical-align:middle;">{{{minority}}}</div>}} | label21 = [[Wp/pih/Lyst o' laenghwij agencies|Regulated b']] | data21 = {{{agency|{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{agency|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox Bahasa/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}|black|1}}|1|0}} | ''None'' <!-- | {{#if:{{{nation|}}}|''Not ofisholi regulated''}} [this ends up claiming that languages have no regulation just cuz no-one bothered to add the regulator --> }}}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header22 = Laenghwij codes | label23 = [[Wp/pih/ISO 639-1|ISO 639-1]] | data23 = {{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|<code style="padding-bottom:0.1em;padding-top:0.1em">{{{iso1}}}</code>}} | label24 = [[Wp/pih/ISO 639-2|ISO 639-2]] | data24 = {{#if:{{#property:P219}}{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}}|<code style="padding-bottom:0.1em;padding-top:0.1em">{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}|[[ISO639-3:{{{iso2b}}}|{{{iso2b}}}]]&nbsp;(B)}}|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Wp/pih/Infobox language/colour|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}}|{{{iso2|sgn}}}|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Wp/pih/Infobox language/colour|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|{{{iso2|art}}}|[[ISO639-3:{{{iso2}}}|{{{iso2}}}]]}}}}}}</code>{{{iso2comment|}}}{{#if:{{{iso2t|}}}|<br /><code style="padding-bottom:0.1em;padding-top:0.1em">[[ISO639-3:{{{iso2t}}}|{{{iso2t}}}]]&nbsp;(T)</code>}} }} | label25 = [[Wp/pih/ISO 639-3|ISO 639-3]] | data25 = {{#if:{{{iso3|}}}{{#property:P220}}|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">[[ISO639-3:{{{iso3|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P220|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes}}}}}|{{{iso3|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P220|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes}}}}}]]</code>{{{iso3comment|}}}|–}} | label26 = [[Wp/pih/Glottolog|Glottolog]] | data26 = {{#if:{{{glotto|}}}{{#property:P1394}}|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|none|''None''|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|spurious|(Lacks documentation ulla es not a separaet laenghwij.)|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1394|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes}}}}} }}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname}}})}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|<br /><code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto2}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname2}}})}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|<br /><code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto3}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname3}}})}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|<br /><code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto4}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname4}}})}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|<br /><code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto5}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname5}}})}}}}}} | label27 = [[Wp/pih/Guthrie's Classification of Bantu Languages|Guthrie code]] | data27 = {{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{{guthrie}}}</code><ref name="Guthrie">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. [https://archive.org Nyuu Updated Guthrie Lyst Online]</ref>}} | label28 = [[Wp/pih/Observatorium Linguasfer|Linguasfer]] | data28 = {{#if:{{{lingua|}}}{{#property:P1396}}|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{{lingua}}}|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1396|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes|linked=no}} }}</code>}} | label29 = [[Wp/pih/IETF Markup Laenghwij|IETF]] | data29 = {{#if:{{{ietf|}}}{{#property:P305}}|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{{ietf|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P305|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes}}}}}</code>{{Wp/pih/main other|[[Category:Wp/pih/Language articles with IETF language tags]]}}}} | header30 = {{#if:{{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{extinct|}}}|Conservation statyuus}} | data30 = {{#if:{{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}|{{{conservation_status|{{{cs|}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{era|}}}{{{extinct|}}}|<br />Extinct Language}}{{#if:{{{ethnos|}}}|<br />Ethnologue: {{{ethnos}}}}} | data31 = {{#if:{{{ethnos|}}}{{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{extinct|}}}|<div style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none">{{Wp/pih/Status Bhasha |1={{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}}}</div><div style="text-align: center; font-size: 90%;">^References: {{#if:{{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{extinct|}}}|<ref>{{Wp/pih/Cite web|title=UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger|url=http://unesco.org|publisher=[[Wp/pih/UNESCO|UNESCO]]|year=2011|accessdate=26 Juun 2011}}</ref>}}{{#if:{{{ethnos|}}}|<ref>{{Wp/pih/Cite web|url=https://ethnologue.com{{{iso3|}}}|title={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|publisher=SIL Ethnologue|language=en}}</ref>}}</div>}} | header32 = {{#if:{{{sample_text|}}}|Saampel text}} | data32 = {{#if:{{{sample_text|}}}|<div style="font-family:'Kalimati',sans-serif; line-height:1.5; font-size:110%;">{{{sample_text}}}{{#if:{{{sample_text_meaning|}}}|<br /><span style="font-size:85%; font-weight:normal; font-style:italic; line-height:1.3;">{{{sample_text_meaning}}}</span>}}</div>}} | data34 = {{#if:{{{map2|}}}|<div class="bg-wp" style="padding-bottom: 0.3em; text-align: center;">[[File:{{{map2}}}|frameless|upright=1.45|alt={{{mapalt2|}}}]]{{#if:{{{mapcaption2|}}}|<div style="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.2em; font-size: 90%; line-height: 1.3em;">{{{mapcaption2}}}</div>}}</div>}} | belowclass = noprint selfref | belowstyle = padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; | below = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{notice|{{{notice2|}}}}}}}}|ipa|<div style="background-color:#ddddff; padding:0.4em 0.6em; text-align:left; line-height:1.4; font-size:90%;">'''Tese artikal contains [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] fonetik symbols.''' Autha good [[International Phonetic Alphabet#Technical notes|render helpers]], yu might see [[mojibake|question marks, boxis, or unsame symbols]] insted o' [[Unicode]] characters. For help on IPA symbols, see [[Wp/pih/Help:IPA|IPA Help]].</div>}}<!-- --><div style="font-family: 'Bell MT'; text-align: center; padding: 0.3em 0px; color: {{#if:{{{created|}}}{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}}}}}; border-bottom-left-radius:3px; border-bottom-right-radius:3px;">[[File:Globe of letters.svg|link=|20px]]&nbsp;[[Wp/pih/Portal:Laenghwij|<span style="color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}};">'''Portal Laenghwij'''</span>]]</div> }}{{main other |[[Category:Artikel bahasa dengan kotak info bahasa]]}} <noinclude> {{documentation|Template:Wp/pih/Infobox language/doc}} </noinclude> ini92pm3i8yp28npgnnviswo13qhzx6 10 7460 104374 103930 2026-09-13T12:14:27Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Removed redirect to [[पटिरूप:विज्जापेटिका भासा]] 104374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | bodystyle = {{#if:{{{boxsize|}}}|width: {{{boxsize}}};}} | abovestyle = font-size:130%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}} }} }} }}; | above = {{{name|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}} | aboveclass = above | subheaderstyle = font-size:110%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{#if:{{{signedrs|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}} }} }} }}; | subheader1 = {{{altname|}}} | subheader2 = {{{nativename|}}} | subheader3 = {{#if:{{{acceptance|}}}|({{{acceptance|}}})}} | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{imagesize|{{{image_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{imagealt|}}}}} | caption = {{{imagecaption|}}} | headerstyle = color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}}}}}; | labelstyle = padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;<!--(modified longitem)--> padding-right:0.5em;<!--(to ensure some gap between any (long/unwrapped) label and subsequent data on same line)--> | datastyle = line-height:1.35em; <!---------------------------------------------------------> | label1 = सरुप्पनं | data1 = {{#if:{{{pronunciation|}}}| {{{pronunciation|''to be added''}}}}} | label2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | निम्माता | जातिकं }} | data2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{creator|–}}} |{{{states|{{{state|}}}}}} }} | label3 = कालो | data3 = {{{created|}}} | label4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | पयोगो च वियोगो च | {{#if:{{{region|}}}|पदेसो}} }} | data4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{setting|}}} |{{{region|}}} }} | label5 = [[पथवीविज्जा अक्खं|ठानन्तरं]] | data5 = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}}|{{#invoke:Coordinates|coordinsert|{{{coordinates}}}|type:landmark}}| }} | label6 = सभावजाति | data6 = {{{ethnicity|}}} | label7 = {{#if:{{{extinct|}}} |[[अन्तरहितभासा|अन्तरहितं]] |{{#if:{{{era|}}} |युगं |{{#if:{{{creator|}}} |पयुञ्जन्ता |{{longitem|जातिक {{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}}|भासन्ता|भासन्तानो}}}} }} }} }} | data7 =<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|(date missing)[[Category:Language articles with unknown extinction date]]|{{{extinct}}}}}<!-- extinct input used -->|{{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{{era}}}<!-- era input used -->|<!-- no era, check for sign/spoken -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|silver|1}}<!-- check for signers/silver -->|<!-- SIGN language (silver) -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}) |{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }} }} }}<!--(end if:date, ifeq:date=na, if:signers. end of SIGN) -->|<!-- SPOKEN language (not silver) -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{speakers|–}}} |{{#ifeq: {{{date}}}|no date|(undated figure of {{{speakers}}})|<!-- The following changes the display depending on the age of the data. Limit set to 25 years, as a population can double in that time. -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{formatnum:{{{date}}}|R}}|}} }}||{{#ifexpr:(({{#time:Y|now|en}} - {{padleft:|4|{{formatnum:{{{date}}}|R}}|}}) < 25)<!-- -->|<!-- regular-->{{{speakers|–}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}})<!-- -->|<!-- old (25+) -->({{{speakers}}} निद्दिट्ठं {{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}){{main other|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e19|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 19 speaker data]]|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e18|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 18 speaker data]]|[[Category:Language articles with old speaker data]]}}}}}}}}}}<!--(end ifexpr:25+, iferror:) -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |<!-- no date input -->{{{speakers|–}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }}<!--(end if:date, before the 25+ expr check) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=no date) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=na) -->|<!--(no speakers number to be shown)-->}}}}<!--(end if:speakers (in 2nd param of silver-check), if:silver. end of SPOKEN) -->}} }}<!--(end if:era, if:extinct. No open #if:s left) If there is a ref, and there is any input for this row (data7), then we add the reference: -->{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{date|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|sign_language}}|{{Infobox language/ref|{{{ref}}}|iso3={{{iso3|}}}|refname={{{refname|}}}|name={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|lc1={{{lc1|}}}|ld1={{Delink|{{{ld1}}}}}|lc2={{{lc2|}}}|ld2={{Delink|{{{ld2}}}}}|lc3={{{lc3|}}}|ld3={{Delink|{{{ld3}}}}}|lc4={{{lc4|}}}|ld4={{Delink|{{{ld4}}}}}|lc5={{{lc5|}}}|ld5={{Delink|{{{ld5}}}}}|lc6={{{lc6|}}}|ld6={{Delink|{{{ld6}}}}}|lc7={{{lc7|}}}|ld7={{Delink|{{{ld7}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Add speakers2 after the ref: -->{{#if:{{{speakers2|}}}|<br />{{{speakers2|}}} }} | label8 = {{#if:{{{revived|}}} |[[Language revitalization|Revival]]{{#if:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat|}}}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat}}}}}}|nocat|<!--suppress-->|[[Category:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat}}}}}}]]|[[Category:Language revival]]}} }} }} | data8 = {{{revived|}}} | label9 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | अत्थो | {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[ဘာသာကုလံ]]}}}} }} | data9 = {{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{family}}}}}|na||<div style="text-align:left;">{{{family|{{{fam1|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |''Unknown''{{main other|[[Category:Languages without classification]]}} |{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} |[[constructed language]] |{{Infobox language/genetic|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}} }} }}}}} <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> {{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|isolate||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Isolate||{{#if:{{{fam2|}}} | {{{fam2}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam3|}}} | {{{fam3}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam4|}}} | {{{fam4}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam5|}}} | {{{fam5}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam6|}}} | {{{fam6}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam7|}}} | {{{fam7}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam8|}}} | {{{fam8}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam9|}}} | {{{fam9}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam10|}}} | {{{fam10}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam11|}}} | {{{fam11}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam12|}}} | {{{fam12}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam13|}}} | {{{fam13}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam14|}}} | {{{fam14}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam15|}}} | {{{fam15}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''</li></ul> | '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul> }}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | label10 = {{longitem|पुब्बरूपानि}} | data10 = {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{protoname|{{{ancestor|}}}}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor2}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor3|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor3}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor4|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor4}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor5|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor5}}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </div>}} | label11 = {{longitem|पमाणरूपानि}} | data11 = {{#if:{{{standards|}}}|{{{standards}}} |{{#if:{{{stand1|}}}| <div>{{{stand1|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand2|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand3|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand4|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand5|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand6|}}}</div> }}}} | label12 = देसियभासा | data12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}|{{{dialects}}} |{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}| {{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|*{{{dia1}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia2|}}}|*{{{dia2}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia3|}}}|*{{{dia3}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia4|}}}|*{{{dia4}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia5|}}}|*{{{dia5}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia6|}}}|*{{{dia6}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia7|}}}|*{{{dia7}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia8|}}}|*{{{dia8}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia9|}}}|*{{{dia9}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia10|}}}|*{{{dia10}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia11|}}}|*{{{dia11}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia12|}}}|*{{{dia12}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia13|}}}|*{{{dia13}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia14|}}}|*{{{dia14}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia15|}}}|*{{{dia15}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia16|}}}|*{{{dia16}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia17|}}}|*{{{dia17}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia18|}}}|*{{{dia18}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia19|}}}|*{{{dia19}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia20|}}}|*{{{dia20}}}}} }}}} | rowclass12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}||{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|{{{listclass|{{{liststyle|plainlist}}}}}}}}}} | label13 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[लिपिकम्मं]]}}}} | data13 = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{script|}}}}} | latin | [[लैटिन]] | latin alphabet | [[लैटिनअक्खरा]] | [[लैटिनअक्खरा|लैटिन]] = [[Latin script|Latin]] | #default = {{{script|}}} }} | label14 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[Manually coded language|Signed forms]]}}}} | data14 = {{#if:{{{sign|}}}|{{{sign}}}}} | label15 = सम्भवो | data15 = {{{posteriori|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header16 = {{#if:{{{nation|}}}{{{minority|}}}{{{agency|}}}|धम्मिकट्ठानं}} | label17 = {{longitem|किच्चपयोगो}} | data17 = {{{nation|}}} | label18 = {{longitem|class=nowrap|अप्पकभासात्तेन<br />सञ्जाननं}} | data18 = {{#if:{{{minority|}}} |<div style="<!--label17 above almost always linewraps, so:-->vertical-align:middle;">{{{minority}}}</div>}} | label19 = धम्मिकपालको | data19 = {{{agency|{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{agency|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}|black|1}}|1|0}} | ''नत्थि'' <!-- | {{#if:{{{nation|}}}|''No official regulation''}} [this ends up claiming that languages have no regulation just cuz no-one bothered to add the regulator --> }}}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header20 = भासासङ्केतानि | label21 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-1]]}} | data21 = {{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso1|}}}}}| 2 | {{ISO639-1|{{{iso1}}}}} | {{{iso1}}} }}</code> {{{iso1comment|}}}}} | label22 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-2]]}} | data22 = {{#if:{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<code>{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2b|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2b}}}}} | {{{iso2b}}} }}&nbsp;(B) |{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |{{{iso2|sgn}}} |{{ #if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{iso2|art}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2}}}}} | {{{iso2}}} }}}}}}}}</code> {{{iso2comment|}}}{{ #if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<br /><code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2t|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2t}}}}} | {{{iso2t}}} }}&nbsp;(T)</code>}} }} | label23 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-3]]}} | data23 = {{#if:{{{iso3|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{iso3|}}}}}|none|{{#if:{{{iso3comment|}}}|{{{iso3comment}}}|''नत्थि'' (<code>mis</code>)}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso3}}}}}| 3 | [[ISO639-3:{{{iso3}}}|{{{iso3}}}]] | {{{iso3}}} }}</code> {{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| – [[:en:ISO 639 macrolanguage|पच्चेक सङ्केता]]<!--not all are 'macrolanguages': Hittite, for example-->}} {{{iso3comment|}}}}}|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| |–}}}}{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|1|0}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />पच्चेकसङ्केतानि|{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|Variously|Either}}}}:{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc1|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc4|}}}|{{{ld4|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc5|}}}|{{{ld5|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc6|}}}|{{{ld6|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc7|}}}|{{{ld7|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc8|}}}|{{{ld8|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc9|}}}|{{{ld9|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc10|}}}|{{{ld10|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc11|}}}|{{{ld11|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc12|}}}|{{{ld12|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc13|}}}|{{{ld13|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc14|}}}|{{{ld14|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc15|}}}|{{{ld15|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc16|}}}|{{{ld16|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc17|}}}|{{{ld17|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc18|}}}|{{{ld18|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc19|}}}|{{{ld19|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc20|}}}|{{{ld20|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc21|}}}|{{{ld21|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc22|}}}|{{{ld22|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc23|}}}|{{{ld23|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc24|}}}|{{{ld24|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc25|}}}|{{{ld25|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc26|}}}|{{{ld26|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc27|}}}|{{{ld27|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc28|}}}|{{{ld28|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc29|}}}|{{{ld29|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc30|}}}|{{{ld30|}}} }} |{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />Individual code:}}{{Infobox language/codelist|code={{{lc1}}}|2={{{ld1|}}} }} }} }} | label24 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-6]]}}<!-- NOTE: ISO 639-6 was withdrawn in 2014.--> | data24 = {{#if:{{{iso6|}}}|<code>{{{iso6}}}</code>}} | label25 = {{longitem|[[Linguist List]]}} | data25 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist|}}} |2={{{lingname|}}}}} | label26 = &nbsp; | data26 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist2|}}}|2={{{lingname2|}}}}} | label27 = &nbsp; | data27 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist3|}}}|2={{{lingname3|}}}}} | label28 = &nbsp; | data28 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist4|}}}|2={{{lingname4|}}}}} | label29 = &nbsp; | data29 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist5|}}}|2={{{lingname5|}}}}} | label30 = &nbsp; | data30 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist6|}}}|2={{{lingname6|}}}}} | label31 = [[Glottolog]] | data31 = {{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|none|''नत्थि''[[Category:Languages without Glottolog code]]|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|spurious|(insufficiently attested or not a distinct language){{main other|[[Category:Languages rejected by Glottolog]]}}|<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto}}}|{{{glottorefname|{{{glottoname|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog"}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|<br />|<!--no break when more than one box on a page-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto2}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname2}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto2}}}|{{{glottorefname2|{{{glottoname2|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog2"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto3}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname3}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto3}}}|{{{glottorefname3|{{{glottoname3|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog3"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto4}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname4}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto4}}}|{{{glottorefname4|{{{glottoname4|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog4"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto5}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname5}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto5}}}|{{{glottorefname5|{{{glottoname5|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog5"}}}}}} | label32 = [[Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies|AIATSIS]]{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{#tag:ref|{{AIATSIS|{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{{aiatsisname|{{{name}}}}}}|{{{aiatsis2|}}}}}|name="AIATSIS"}}}} | data32 = {{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|<code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis}}} {{{aiatsis}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis2|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis2}}} {{{aiatsis2}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname2|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname2}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis3|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis3}}} {{{aiatsis3}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname3|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname3}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis4|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis4}}} {{{aiatsis4}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname4|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname4}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis5|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis5}}} {{{aiatsis5}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname5|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname5}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis6|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis6}}} {{{aiatsis6}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname6|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname6}}}}} }} | label33 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[Guthrie classification of Bantu languages|Guthrie code]]}}}} | data33 = {{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<code>{{{guthrie}}}</code><ref name="Guthrie">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. [http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf New Updated Guthrie List Online]</ref>}} | label34 = [[Linguasphere Observatory|Linguasphere]] | data34 = {{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|<code>{{{lingua}}}</code>{{{lingua_ref|}}}}} | label35 = [[IETF language tag|IETF]] | data35 = {{#if:{{{ietf|}}}|<code>{{{ietf}}}</code>{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with IETF language tag]]}}}} | data36 = {{#if:{{{map|}}} |{{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map}}}|size={{{mapsize|}}}|sizedefault=220px|alt={{{mapalt|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption}}}</div>}} }} | data37 = {{#if:{{{map2|}}} | {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map2}}}|size={{{mapsize|}}}|sizedefault=220px|alt={{{mapalt2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption2|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption2}}}</div>}} }} | data40 = {{{module|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | belowclass = noprint selfref | belowstyle = background-color:#ddddff;padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3; | below = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{notice|{{{notice2|}}}}}}}}|ipa |'''इमस्मिं आलेखनिय [[:en:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] सरुप्पनसञो वत्तन्ति॥''' सम्मा उपत्थम्भस्स अभावेन यूनिकोड अक्खरानं ठाने ? लक्खणानि। चतुरस्सकानि सञन्तरानि च दिस्सेय्युं॥ IPA सञानं परिचयत्थाय [[Help:IPA]] पस्सथ॥ }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> gh8eagvx24qlhofk7pu3v8z2aq0bgc5 104383 104374 2026-09-13T12:47:32Z ङघिञ 8448 104383 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- {{#if:{{#property:P1627}}|<div style="position: fixed;right:0px;top:0px; background:#EBECF0;width:100%;padding:0.3em 0.2em;font-size:50%; color:gray; z-index:200">{{collapsible list|title=&nbsp;&nbsp; Sii {{SUBPAGENAME}} en: |1=<span style="line-height:normal;font-size:150%">{{#if:{{#property:P1627}}|[[ISO639-3:{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1627|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no| noicon = yes |linked=false}}|ISO]] {{*}} {{pranala|1=[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1627|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no| noicon = yes |linked=false}}/ Ethnologue] {{*}} [[:en:ISO 639:{{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1627|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no| noicon = yes |linked=false}}|Inglish Wikkapedya]]}}}} </span>}} </div>}} --><!-- INFOBOX -->{{Infobox |templatestyles = Template:Infobox language/styles.css | aboveclass = above basa |bodystyle = width: 22em; border-radius: 10px; border-collapse: separate; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; float: right; box-shadow: 0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0.1,0.2,0.1,0.2); | abovestyle = background-color: {{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}; color: black; font-family: 'Noto Serif Devanagari'; font-size:140%; border-top-left-radius:3px; border-top-right-radius:3px; | above = <div style="position: relative; width: 100%; text-align: center; padding-right: 28px; padding-left: 28px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 115%; line-height: 1.2;">{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}</span>{{#if:{{{nativename|}}}|<br /><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 95%; line-height: 1.2;">{{{nativename}}}</span>}}<div style="position: absolute; right: 4px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); line-height: 0;">[[File:Picto infobox comicballoon.png|25px|link=|alt=]]</div></div> |image= {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|{{#ifexist:Media:{{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P18|fetchwikidata=ALL|noicon=yes|onlysourced=no}}|{{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P18|fetchwikidata=ALL|noicon=yes|onlysourced=no}}}} }}}|size={{{imagesize|}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{imagealt|}}}}} | caption = <div style="line-height:normal; font-family:'Times New Roman'">{{{imagecaption|}}} </div> | headerstyle = margin:0.2em; opacity:80%; font-family:'Bell MT'; font-size:130%; color: {{#if:{{{created|}}}{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}}}}};line-height:1.3;padding:0.2em; | labelstyle = padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em;<!--(modified longitem)--> padding-right:0.5em;<!--(to ensure some gap between any (long/unwrapped) label and subsequent data on same line)--> | datastyle = line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em <!---------------------------------------------------------> | label1 = समुदाहार | data1 = {{#if:{{{pronunciation|}}}| {{{pronunciation|}}} }} | label2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} | सङ्खत | उत्तपि }} | data2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} | {{{creator|–}}} | {{{states|{{{state|}}}}}} }} | label3 = {{#if:{{{created|}}} | उतुपमाण सङ्खत }} | data3 = {{#if:{{{created|}}} | {{{created}}} }} | label4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |अकप्पयि हेतु |{{#if:{{{region|}}}|पदेस}} }} | data4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{setting|}}} |{{{region|}}} }} | label5 = ठितोकास (कूर्दीनात) | data5 = {{#if:{{{latd|}}} | <small style="white-space: nowrap">{{coord|{{{latd}}}|{{{latm}}}|{{{latNS}}}|{{{longd}}}|{{{longm}}}|{{{longEW}}}|type:landmark|display=inline}}</small> }} | label6 = जनता | data6 = {{{ethnicity|}}} | label7 = {{#if:{{{extinct|}}} |[[कालकत भासा|कालकत काल]] |{{#if:{{{era|}}} |परिवास |{{#if:{{{creator|{{{speakers_label|}}}}}} |{{{speakers_label|परिभुत्ताणि}}} |वादका }} }} }} | data7 = <!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|(काल अविञ्ञाणका)[[विभाग:अभिपन्नाणि सम्भासायो ​अञ्ञत परिक्खय मासदिवसा]]|{{{extinct}}}}}<!-- extinct input used -->|{{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{{era}}}<!-- era input used -->|<!-- no era, check for sign/spoken -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|silver|1}}<!-- check for signers/silver -->|<!-- SIGN language (silver) -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|none|''नकोचि'' |{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}) |{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with non-tiered speaker counts]]}}}} }} }} }} }}<!--(end if:date, ifeq:date=na, if:signers. end of SIGN) -->|<!-- SPOKEN language (not silver) -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{speakers|–}}} |{{#ifeq: {{{date}}}|no date|({{{speakers}}} from wun undaited source.)|<!-- The following changes the display depending on the age of the data. Limit set to 25 years, as a population can double in that time. -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}} }}||{{#ifexpr:(({{CURRENTYEAR}} - {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}}) < 25)<!-- -->|<!-- regular-->{{{speakers|–}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}})<!-- -->|<!-- old (25+) -->({{{speakers}}} per {{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}){{main other|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e19|[[Category:Language articles with outdated speaker count data from Ethnologue 19]]|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e18|[[Category:Language articles with outdated speaker count data from Ethnologue 18]]|[[Category:Language articles with outdated speaker count data]]}}}}}}}}}}<!--(end ifexpr:25+, iferror:) -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|none|''नकोचि'' |<!-- no date input -->{{{speakers|–}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with undated speaker counts]]}}}} }} }}<!--(end if:date, before the 25+ expr check) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=no date) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=na) -->|<!--(no speakers number to be shown)-->}}}}<!--(end if:speakers (in 2nd param of silver-check), if:silver. end of SPOKEN) -->}} }}<!--(end if:era, if:extinct. No open #if:s left) If there is a ref, and there is any input for this row (data7), then we add the reference: -->{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{date|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|sign_language}}|{{Infobox language/ref|{{{ref}}}|iso3={{{iso3|}}}|refname={{{refname|}}}|name={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|lc1={{{lc1|}}}|ld1={{Delink|{{{ld1}}}}}|lc2={{{lc2|}}}|ld2={{Delink|{{{ld2}}}}}|lc3={{{lc3|}}}|ld3={{Delink|{{{ld3}}}}}|lc4={{{lc4|}}}|ld4={{Delink|{{{ld4}}}}}|lc5={{{lc5|}}}|ld5={{Delink|{{{ld5}}}}}|lc6={{{lc6|}}}|ld6={{Delink|{{{ld6}}}}}|lc7={{{lc7|}}}|ld7={{Delink|{{{ld7}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Add speakers2 after the ref: -->{{#if:{{{speakers2|}}}|<br />{{{speakers2|}}} }} {{#if:{{{revived|}}}|| {{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1098|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=yes|noicon=yes}} | <div style="line-height:normal; text-align:left">'''वादका अधिकरण''' <small>T' numma o' speakers, along wi' (if applicable) t' collection method, taaep, dait, an loekayshun.{{Wikidata|references|P1098}}</small> {{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1098|fetchwikidata=ALL|list=ubl|qual=ALL|onlysourced=true|noicon=yes }}}} </div> }} | label8 = {{#if:{{{revived|}}} | [[Wp/pih/Laenghwij revival|Revival]]{{Wp/pih/main other|[[Category:Revived Language]]}} }} | data8 = {{{revived|}}} | label9 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}||[[Wp/pih/Laenghwij faemilii|Laenghwij faemilii]]}} | data9 = <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{family}}}}}|na|| <div style="text-align:left; margin-left:0.5em;"> {{Tree list}}{{#ifeq:{{Language Genealogy|ib=ya}}|ada|{{Language Genealogy|2={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}| <!-- Added class="treeview" right here to apply line styles --> <ul class="treeview" style="line-height:100%; padding-left:0;"> <ul style="line-height:100%; padding-left:0; margin:0;"> <li>{{{family|{{{fam1|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}}|''Unknown''{{main other|[[Category:Unclassified laenghwijz]]}}|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|[[Bahasa buatan]]|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Bawaan}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} {{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|isolate||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Isolate|| <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.5em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam2|}}}|{{{fam2}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam3|}}}|{{{fam3}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam4|}}}|{{{fam4}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam5|}}}|{{{fam5}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam6|}}}|{{{fam6}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam7|}}}|{{{fam7}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam8|}}}|{{{fam8}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam9|}}}|{{{fam9}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam10|}}}|{{{fam10}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam11|}}}|{{{fam11}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam12|}}}|{{{fam12}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam13|}}}|{{{fam13}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam14|}}}|{{{fam14}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>{{#if:{{{fam15|}}}|{{{fam15}}}<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0;"> <li>'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}}</li></ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul>|'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''{{{children|}}} }}</li> </ul> }}}}}}}} </li> </ul> {{Tree list/end}} </div> }} {{Infobox |bodyclass=mw-collapsible |bodystyle={{Subinfobox bodystyle}} | headerstyle = text-align:left;font-weight:normal;<!--(modified longitem)--> padding-right:0.5em;<!--(to ensure some gap between any (long/unwrapped) label and subsequent data on same line)--> | datastyle = line-height:1.35em; | header11= {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|Ole form(s)}} | data12 = {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;margin-left:1.2em">{{Wp/pih/tree list}}<ul style="line-height:100%;padding-left:0;"><li>{{{protoname|{{{ancestor|}}}}}} <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li>{{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}} | {{{ancestor2|}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{ancestor3|}}} | {{{ancestor3|}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{ancestor4|}}} | {{{ancestor4|}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{ancestor5|}}} | {{{ancestor5|}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''</li></ul> | '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul> </li></ul> </li></ul>{{Wp/pih/Tree list/end}}</div> }} }} | label11 = Standard form(s) | data11 = {{#if:{{{standards|}}}|{{{standards}}} |{{#if:{{{stand1|}}}| <div>{{{stand1|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand2|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand3|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand4|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand5|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand6|}}}</div> }}}} | label12 = Dialekt(s) | data12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}|{{{dialects}}} |{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}| <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia1|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia2|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia3|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia4|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia5|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia6|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia7|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia8|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia9|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia10|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia11|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia12|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia13|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia14|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia15|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia16|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia17|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia18|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia19|}}}</div> <div>{{Template:Wp/pih/Hierarchy}}{{{dia20|}}}</div> }}}} | label13 = Version(s) | data13 = {{#if:{{{version|}}}|{{{version}}} |{{#if:{{{ver1|}}}| <div>{{{ver1|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver2|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver3|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver4|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver5|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver6|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver7|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver8|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver9|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver10|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver11|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver12|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver13|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver14|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver15|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver16|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver17|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver18|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver19|}}}</div> <div>{{{ver20|}}}</div> }}}} | label14 = [[Wp/pih/Writing system|Writing system]] | data14 = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{script|}}}}} | latin | [[latin]] | Roman Script | [[Wp/pih/Roman Script|Roman Script]] | [[aWp/pih/Roman Script|Latin]] = [[Wp/pih/Latin Script|Latin]] | #default = {{{script|}}} }} | label15 = [[Wp/pih/Laenghwij manual code|sign system]] | data15 = {{#if:{{{sign|}}}|{{{sign}}}}} | label16 = Posteriori | data16 = {{{posteriori|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header18 = {{#if:{{{nation|}}}{{{minority|}}}{{{agency|}}}|Ofishol statyuus}} | label19 = Ofishol laenghwij en | data19 = {{{nation|}}} | label20 = Recognized as a <br/> minority language in | data20 = {{#if:{{{minority|}}} |<div style="<!--label17 above almost always linewraps, so:-->vertical-align:middle;">{{{minority}}}</div>}} | label21 = [[Wp/pih/Lyst o' laenghwij agencies|Regulated b']] | data21 = {{{agency|{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{agency|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox Bahasa/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}|black|1}}|1|0}} | ''None'' <!-- | {{#if:{{{nation|}}}|''Not ofisholi regulated''}} [this ends up claiming that languages have no regulation just cuz no-one bothered to add the regulator --> }}}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header22 = Laenghwij codes | label23 = [[Wp/pih/ISO 639-1|ISO 639-1]] | data23 = {{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|<code style="padding-bottom:0.1em;padding-top:0.1em">{{{iso1}}}</code>}} | label24 = [[Wp/pih/ISO 639-2|ISO 639-2]] | data24 = {{#if:{{#property:P219}}{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}}|<code style="padding-bottom:0.1em;padding-top:0.1em">{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}|[[ISO639-3:{{{iso2b}}}|{{{iso2b}}}]]&nbsp;(B)}}|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Wp/pih/Infobox language/colour|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}}|{{{iso2|sgn}}}|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Wp/pih/Infobox language/colour|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|{{{iso2|art}}}|[[ISO639-3:{{{iso2}}}|{{{iso2}}}]]}}}}}}</code>{{{iso2comment|}}}{{#if:{{{iso2t|}}}|<br /><code style="padding-bottom:0.1em;padding-top:0.1em">[[ISO639-3:{{{iso2t}}}|{{{iso2t}}}]]&nbsp;(T)</code>}} }} | label25 = [[Wp/pih/ISO 639-3|ISO 639-3]] | data25 = {{#if:{{{iso3|}}}{{#property:P220}}|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">[[ISO639-3:{{{iso3|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P220|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes}}}}}|{{{iso3|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P220|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes}}}}}]]</code>{{{iso3comment|}}}|–}} | label26 = [[Wp/pih/Glottolog|Glottolog]] | data26 = {{#if:{{{glotto|}}}{{#property:P1394}}|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|none|''None''|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|spurious|(Lacks documentation ulla es not a separaet laenghwij.)|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1394|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes}}}}} }}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname}}})}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|<br /><code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto2}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname2}}})}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|<br /><code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto3}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname3}}})}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|<br /><code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto4}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname4}}})}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|<br /><code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{Wp/pih/Glottolink|{{{glotto5}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}|&nbsp;{{nowrap|({{{glottoname5}}})}}}}}} | label27 = [[Wp/pih/Guthrie's Classification of Bantu Languages|Guthrie code]] | data27 = {{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{{guthrie}}}</code><ref name="Guthrie">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. [https://archive.org Nyuu Updated Guthrie Lyst Online]</ref>}} | label28 = [[Wp/pih/Observatorium Linguasfer|Linguasfer]] | data28 = {{#if:{{{lingua|}}}{{#property:P1396}}|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{{lingua}}}|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P1396|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes|linked=no}} }}</code>}} | label29 = [[Wp/pih/IETF Markup Laenghwij|IETF]] | data29 = {{#if:{{{ietf|}}}{{#property:P305}}|<code style="padding: 0.1em 0.2em;">{{{ietf|{{#invoke:Wp/pih/WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P305|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=yes}}}}}</code>{{Wp/pih/main other|[[Category:Wp/pih/Language articles with IETF language tags]]}}}} | header30 = {{#if:{{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{extinct|}}}|Conservation statyuus}} | data30 = {{#if:{{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}|{{{conservation_status|{{{cs|}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{era|}}}{{{extinct|}}}|<br />Extinct Language}}{{#if:{{{ethnos|}}}|<br />Ethnologue: {{{ethnos}}}}} | data31 = {{#if:{{{ethnos|}}}{{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{extinct|}}}|<div style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none">{{Wp/pih/Status Bhasha |1={{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}}}</div><div style="text-align: center; font-size: 90%;">^References: {{#if:{{{conservation_status|}}}{{{cs|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{extinct|}}}|<ref>{{Wp/pih/Cite web|title=UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger|url=http://unesco.org|publisher=[[Wp/pih/UNESCO|UNESCO]]|year=2011|accessdate=26 Juun 2011}}</ref>}}{{#if:{{{ethnos|}}}|<ref>{{Wp/pih/Cite web|url=https://ethnologue.com{{{iso3|}}}|title={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|publisher=SIL Ethnologue|language=en}}</ref>}}</div>}} | header32 = {{#if:{{{sample_text|}}}|Saampel text}} | data32 = {{#if:{{{sample_text|}}}|<div style="font-family:'Kalimati',sans-serif; line-height:1.5; font-size:110%;">{{{sample_text}}}{{#if:{{{sample_text_meaning|}}}|<br /><span style="font-size:85%; font-weight:normal; font-style:italic; line-height:1.3;">{{{sample_text_meaning}}}</span>}}</div>}} | data34 = {{#if:{{{map2|}}}|<div class="bg-wp" style="padding-bottom: 0.3em; text-align: center;">[[File:{{{map2}}}|frameless|upright=1.45|alt={{{mapalt2|}}}]]{{#if:{{{mapcaption2|}}}|<div style="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.2em; font-size: 90%; line-height: 1.3em;">{{{mapcaption2}}}</div>}}</div>}} | belowclass = noprint selfref | belowstyle = padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; | below = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{notice|{{{notice2|}}}}}}}}|ipa|<div style="background-color:#ddddff; padding:0.4em 0.6em; text-align:left; line-height:1.4; font-size:90%;">'''Tese artikal contains [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] fonetik symbols.''' Autha good [[International Phonetic Alphabet#Technical notes|render helpers]], yu might see [[mojibake|question marks, boxis, or unsame symbols]] insted o' [[Unicode]] characters. For help on IPA symbols, see [[Wp/pih/Help:IPA|IPA Help]].</div>}}<!-- --><div style="font-family: 'Bell MT'; text-align: center; padding: 0.3em 0px; color: {{#if:{{{created|}}}{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}}}}}; border-bottom-left-radius:3px; border-bottom-right-radius:3px;">[[File:Globe of letters.svg|link=|20px]]&nbsp;[[Wp/pih/Portal:Laenghwij|<span style="color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}};">'''Portal Laenghwij'''</span>]]</div> }}{{main other |[[Category:Artikel bahasa dengan kotak info bahasa]]}} <noinclude> {{documentation|Template:Wp/pih/Infobox language/doc}} </noinclude> ini92pm3i8yp28npgnnviswo13qhzx6 104386 104383 2026-09-13T13:03:32Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Error 104386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | bodystyle = {{#if:{{{boxsize|}}}|width: {{{boxsize}}};}} | abovestyle = font-size:130%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}} }} }} }}; | above = {{{name|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}} | aboveclass = above | subheaderstyle = font-size:110%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{#if:{{{signedrs|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}} }} }} }}; | subheader1 = {{{altname|}}} | subheader2 = {{{nativename|}}} | subheader3 = {{#if:{{{acceptance|}}}|({{{acceptance|}}})}} | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{imagesize|{{{image_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{imagealt|}}}}} | caption = {{{imagecaption|}}} | headerstyle = color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}}}}}; | labelstyle = padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;<!--(modified longitem)--> padding-right:0.5em;<!--(to ensure some gap between any (long/unwrapped) label and subsequent data on same line)--> | datastyle = line-height:1.35em; <!---------------------------------------------------------> | label1 = सरुप्पनं | data1 = {{#if:{{{pronunciation|}}}| {{{pronunciation|''to be added''}}}}} | label2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | निम्माता | जातिकं }} | data2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{creator|–}}} |{{{states|{{{state|}}}}}} }} | label3 = कालो | data3 = {{{created|}}} | label4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | पयोगो च वियोगो च | {{#if:{{{region|}}}|पदेसो}} }} | data4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{setting|}}} |{{{region|}}} }} | label5 = [[पथवीविज्जा अक्खं|ठानन्तरं]] | data5 = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}}|{{#invoke:Coordinates|coordinsert|{{{coordinates}}}|type:landmark}}| }} | label6 = सभावजाति | data6 = {{{ethnicity|}}} | label7 = {{#if:{{{extinct|}}} |[[अन्तरहितभासा|अन्तरहितं]] |{{#if:{{{era|}}} |युगं |{{#if:{{{creator|}}} |पयुञ्जन्ता |{{longitem|जातिक {{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}}|भासन्ता|भासन्तानो}}}} }} }} }} | data7 =<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|(date missing)[[Category:Language articles with unknown extinction date]]|{{{extinct}}}}}<!-- extinct input used -->|{{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{{era}}}<!-- era input used -->|<!-- no era, check for sign/spoken -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|silver|1}}<!-- check for signers/silver -->|<!-- SIGN language (silver) -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}) |{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }} }} }}<!--(end if:date, ifeq:date=na, if:signers. end of SIGN) -->|<!-- SPOKEN language (not silver) -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{speakers|–}}} |{{#ifeq: {{{date}}}|no date|(undated figure of {{{speakers}}})|<!-- The following changes the display depending on the age of the data. Limit set to 25 years, as a population can double in that time. -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{formatnum:{{{date}}}|R}}|}} }}||{{#ifexpr:(({{#time:Y|now|en}} - {{padleft:|4|{{formatnum:{{{date}}}|R}}|}}) < 25)<!-- -->|<!-- regular-->{{{speakers|–}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}})<!-- -->|<!-- old (25+) -->({{{speakers}}} निद्दिट्ठं {{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}){{main other|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e19|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 19 speaker data]]|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e18|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 18 speaker data]]|[[Category:Language articles with old speaker data]]}}}}}}}}}}<!--(end ifexpr:25+, iferror:) -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |<!-- no date input -->{{{speakers|–}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }}<!--(end if:date, before the 25+ expr check) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=no date) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=na) -->|<!--(no speakers number to be shown)-->}}}}<!--(end if:speakers (in 2nd param of silver-check), if:silver. end of SPOKEN) -->}} }}<!--(end if:era, if:extinct. No open #if:s left) If there is a ref, and there is any input for this row (data7), then we add the reference: -->{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{date|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|sign_language}}|{{Infobox language/ref|{{{ref}}}|iso3={{{iso3|}}}|refname={{{refname|}}}|name={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|lc1={{{lc1|}}}|ld1={{Delink|{{{ld1}}}}}|lc2={{{lc2|}}}|ld2={{Delink|{{{ld2}}}}}|lc3={{{lc3|}}}|ld3={{Delink|{{{ld3}}}}}|lc4={{{lc4|}}}|ld4={{Delink|{{{ld4}}}}}|lc5={{{lc5|}}}|ld5={{Delink|{{{ld5}}}}}|lc6={{{lc6|}}}|ld6={{Delink|{{{ld6}}}}}|lc7={{{lc7|}}}|ld7={{Delink|{{{ld7}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Add speakers2 after the ref: -->{{#if:{{{speakers2|}}}|<br />{{{speakers2|}}} }} | label8 = {{#if:{{{revived|}}} |[[Language revitalization|Revival]]{{#if:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat|}}}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat}}}}}}|nocat|<!--suppress-->|[[Category:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat}}}}}}]]|[[Category:Language revival]]}} }} }} | data8 = {{{revived|}}} | label9 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | अत्थो | {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[ဘာသာကုလံ]]}}}} }} | data9 = {{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{family}}}}}|na||<div style="text-align:left;">{{{family|{{{fam1|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |''Unknown''{{main other|[[Category:Languages without classification]]}} |{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} |[[constructed language]] |{{Infobox language/genetic|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}} }} }}}}} <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> {{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|isolate||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Isolate||{{#if:{{{fam2|}}} | {{{fam2}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam3|}}} | {{{fam3}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam4|}}} | {{{fam4}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam5|}}} | {{{fam5}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam6|}}} | {{{fam6}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam7|}}} | {{{fam7}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam8|}}} | {{{fam8}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam9|}}} | {{{fam9}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam10|}}} | {{{fam10}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam11|}}} | {{{fam11}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam12|}}} | {{{fam12}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam13|}}} | {{{fam13}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam14|}}} | {{{fam14}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam15|}}} | {{{fam15}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''</li></ul> | '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul> }}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | label10 = {{longitem|पुब्बरूपानि}} | data10 = {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{protoname|{{{ancestor|}}}}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor2}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor3|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor3}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor4|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor4}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor5|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor5}}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </div>}} | label11 = {{longitem|पमाणरूपानि}} | data11 = {{#if:{{{standards|}}}|{{{standards}}} |{{#if:{{{stand1|}}}| <div>{{{stand1|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand2|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand3|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand4|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand5|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand6|}}}</div> }}}} | label12 = देसियभासा | data12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}|{{{dialects}}} |{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}| {{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|*{{{dia1}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia2|}}}|*{{{dia2}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia3|}}}|*{{{dia3}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia4|}}}|*{{{dia4}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia5|}}}|*{{{dia5}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia6|}}}|*{{{dia6}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia7|}}}|*{{{dia7}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia8|}}}|*{{{dia8}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia9|}}}|*{{{dia9}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia10|}}}|*{{{dia10}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia11|}}}|*{{{dia11}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia12|}}}|*{{{dia12}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia13|}}}|*{{{dia13}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia14|}}}|*{{{dia14}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia15|}}}|*{{{dia15}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia16|}}}|*{{{dia16}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia17|}}}|*{{{dia17}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia18|}}}|*{{{dia18}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia19|}}}|*{{{dia19}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia20|}}}|*{{{dia20}}}}} }}}} | rowclass12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}||{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|{{{listclass|{{{liststyle|plainlist}}}}}}}}}} | label13 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[लिपिकम्मं]]}}}} | data13 = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{script|}}}}} | latin | [[लैटिन]] | latin alphabet | [[लैटिनअक्खरा]] | [[लैटिनअक्खरा|लैटिन]] = [[Latin script|Latin]] | #default = {{{script|}}} }} | label14 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[Manually coded language|Signed forms]]}}}} | data14 = {{#if:{{{sign|}}}|{{{sign}}}}} | label15 = सम्भवो | data15 = {{{posteriori|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header16 = {{#if:{{{nation|}}}{{{minority|}}}{{{agency|}}}|धम्मिकट्ठानं}} | label17 = {{longitem|किच्चपयोगो}} | data17 = {{{nation|}}} | label18 = {{longitem|class=nowrap|अप्पकभासात्तेन<br />सञ्जाननं}} | data18 = {{#if:{{{minority|}}} |<div style="<!--label17 above almost always linewraps, so:-->vertical-align:middle;">{{{minority}}}</div>}} | label19 = धम्मिकपालको | data19 = {{{agency|{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{agency|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}|black|1}}|1|0}} | ''नत्थि'' <!-- | {{#if:{{{nation|}}}|''No official regulation''}} [this ends up claiming that languages have no regulation just cuz no-one bothered to add the regulator --> }}}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header20 = भासासङ्केतानि | label21 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-1]]}} | data21 = {{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso1|}}}}}| 2 | {{ISO639-1|{{{iso1}}}}} | {{{iso1}}} }}</code> {{{iso1comment|}}}}} | label22 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-2]]}} | data22 = {{#if:{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<code>{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2b|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2b}}}}} | {{{iso2b}}} }}&nbsp;(B) |{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |{{{iso2|sgn}}} |{{ #if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{iso2|art}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2}}}}} | {{{iso2}}} }}}}}}}}</code> {{{iso2comment|}}}{{ #if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<br /><code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2t|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2t}}}}} | {{{iso2t}}} }}&nbsp;(T)</code>}} }} | label23 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-3]]}} | data23 = {{#if:{{{iso3|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{iso3|}}}}}|none|{{#if:{{{iso3comment|}}}|{{{iso3comment}}}|''नत्थि'' (<code>mis</code>)}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso3}}}}}| 3 | [[ISO639-3:{{{iso3}}}|{{{iso3}}}]] | {{{iso3}}} }}</code> {{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| – [[:en:ISO 639 macrolanguage|पच्चेक सङ्केता]]<!--not all are 'macrolanguages': Hittite, for example-->}} {{{iso3comment|}}}}}|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| |–}}}}{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|1|0}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />पच्चेकसङ्केतानि|{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|Variously|Either}}}}:{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc1|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc4|}}}|{{{ld4|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc5|}}}|{{{ld5|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc6|}}}|{{{ld6|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc7|}}}|{{{ld7|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc8|}}}|{{{ld8|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc9|}}}|{{{ld9|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc10|}}}|{{{ld10|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc11|}}}|{{{ld11|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc12|}}}|{{{ld12|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc13|}}}|{{{ld13|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc14|}}}|{{{ld14|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc15|}}}|{{{ld15|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc16|}}}|{{{ld16|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc17|}}}|{{{ld17|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc18|}}}|{{{ld18|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc19|}}}|{{{ld19|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc20|}}}|{{{ld20|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc21|}}}|{{{ld21|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc22|}}}|{{{ld22|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc23|}}}|{{{ld23|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc24|}}}|{{{ld24|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc25|}}}|{{{ld25|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc26|}}}|{{{ld26|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc27|}}}|{{{ld27|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc28|}}}|{{{ld28|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc29|}}}|{{{ld29|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc30|}}}|{{{ld30|}}} }} |{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />Individual code:}}{{Infobox language/codelist|code={{{lc1}}}|2={{{ld1|}}} }} }} }} | label24 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-6]]}}<!-- NOTE: ISO 639-6 was withdrawn in 2014.--> | data24 = {{#if:{{{iso6|}}}|<code>{{{iso6}}}</code>}} | label25 = {{longitem|[[Linguist List]]}} | data25 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist|}}} |2={{{lingname|}}}}} | label26 = &nbsp; | data26 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist2|}}}|2={{{lingname2|}}}}} | label27 = &nbsp; | data27 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist3|}}}|2={{{lingname3|}}}}} | label28 = &nbsp; | data28 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist4|}}}|2={{{lingname4|}}}}} | label29 = &nbsp; | data29 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist5|}}}|2={{{lingname5|}}}}} | label30 = &nbsp; | data30 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist6|}}}|2={{{lingname6|}}}}} | label31 = [[Glottolog]] | data31 = {{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|none|''नत्थि''[[Category:Languages without Glottolog code]]|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|spurious|(insufficiently attested or not a distinct language){{main other|[[Category:Languages rejected by Glottolog]]}}|<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto}}}|{{{glottorefname|{{{glottoname|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog"}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|<br />|<!--no break when more than one box on a page-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto2}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname2}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto2}}}|{{{glottorefname2|{{{glottoname2|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog2"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto3}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname3}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto3}}}|{{{glottorefname3|{{{glottoname3|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog3"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto4}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname4}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto4}}}|{{{glottorefname4|{{{glottoname4|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog4"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto5}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname5}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto5}}}|{{{glottorefname5|{{{glottoname5|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog5"}}}}}} | label32 = [[Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies|AIATSIS]]{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{#tag:ref|{{AIATSIS|{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{{aiatsisname|{{{name}}}}}}|{{{aiatsis2|}}}}}|name="AIATSIS"}}}} | data32 = {{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|<code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis}}} {{{aiatsis}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis2|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis2}}} {{{aiatsis2}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname2|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname2}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis3|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis3}}} {{{aiatsis3}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname3|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname3}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis4|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis4}}} {{{aiatsis4}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname4|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname4}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis5|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis5}}} {{{aiatsis5}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname5|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname5}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis6|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis6}}} {{{aiatsis6}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname6|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname6}}}}} }} | label33 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[Guthrie classification of Bantu languages|Guthrie code]]}}}} | data33 = {{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<code>{{{guthrie}}}</code><ref name="Guthrie">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. [http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf New Updated Guthrie List Online]</ref>}} | label34 = [[Linguasphere Observatory|Linguasphere]] | data34 = {{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|<code>{{{lingua}}}</code>{{{lingua_ref|}}}}} | label35 = [[IETF language tag|IETF]] | data35 = {{#if:{{{ietf|}}}|<code>{{{ietf}}}</code>{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with IETF language tag]]}}}} | data36 = {{#if:{{{map|}}} |{{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map}}}|size={{{mapsize|}}}|sizedefault=220px|alt={{{mapalt|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption}}}</div>}} }} | data37 = {{#if:{{{map2|}}} | {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map2}}}|size={{{mapsize|}}}|sizedefault=220px|alt={{{mapalt2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption2|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption2}}}</div>}} }} | data40 = {{{module|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | belowclass = noprint selfref | belowstyle = background-color:#ddddff;padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3; | below = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{notice|{{{notice2|}}}}}}}}|ipa |'''इमस्मिं आलेखनिय [[:en:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] सरुप्पनसञो वत्तन्ति॥''' सम्मा उपत्थम्भस्स अभावेन यूनिकोड अक्खरानं ठाने ? लक्खणानि। चतुरस्सकानि सञन्तरानि च दिस्सेय्युं॥ IPA सञानं परिचयत्थाय [[Help:IPA]] पस्सथ॥ }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> gh8eagvx24qlhofk7pu3v8z2aq0bgc5 104393 104386 2026-09-13T13:18:48Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | bodystyle = {{#if:{{{boxsize|}}}|width: {{{boxsize}}};}} | abovestyle = font-size:130%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}} }} }} }}; | above = {{{name|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}} | aboveclass = above | subheaderstyle = font-size:110%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{#if:{{{signedrs|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}} }} }} }}; | subheader1 = {{{altname|}}} | subheader2 = {{{nativename|}}} | subheader3 = {{#if:{{{acceptance|}}}|({{{acceptance|}}})}} | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{imagesize|{{{image_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{imagealt|}}}}} | caption = {{{imagecaption|}}} | headerstyle = color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}}|white|{{{fontcolor|black}}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|black|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}}}}}; | labelstyle = padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;<!--(modified longitem)--> padding-right:0.5em;<!--(to ensure some gap between any (long/unwrapped) label and subsequent data on same line)--> | datastyle = line-height:1.35em; <!---------------------------------------------------------> | label1 = सरुप्पनं | data1 = {{#if:{{{pronunciation|}}}| {{{pronunciation|''to be added''}}}}} | label2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | निम्माता | जातिकं }} | data2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{creator|–}}} |{{{states|{{{state|}}}}}} }} | label3 = कालो | data3 = {{{created|}}} | label4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | पयोगो च वियोगो च | {{#if:{{{region|}}}|पदेसो}} }} | data4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{setting|}}} |{{{region|}}} }} | label5 = [[पथवीविज्जा अक्खं|ठानन्तरं]] | data5 = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}}|{{#invoke:Coordinates|coordinsert|{{{coordinates}}}|type:landmark}}| }} | label6 = सभावजाति | data6 = {{{ethnicity|}}} | label7 = {{#if:{{{extinct|}}} |[[अन्तरहितभासा|अन्तरहितं]] |{{#if:{{{era|}}} |युगं |{{#if:{{{creator|}}} |पयुञ्जन्ता |{{longitem|जातिक {{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}}|भासन्ता|भासन्तानो}}}} }} }} }} | data7 =<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|(date missing)[[Category:Language articles with unknown extinction date]]|{{{extinct}}}}}<!-- extinct input used -->|{{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{{era}}}<!-- era input used -->|<!-- no era, check for sign/spoken -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|silver|1}}<!-- check for signers/silver -->|<!-- SIGN language (silver) -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{signers|{{{speakers}}}}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}) |{{{signers|{{{speakers|–}}}}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }} }} }}<!--(end if:date, ifeq:date=na, if:signers. end of SIGN) -->|<!-- SPOKEN language (not silver) -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{{speakers|–}}} |{{#ifeq: {{{date}}}|no date|(undated figure of {{{speakers}}})|<!-- The following changes the display depending on the age of the data. Limit set to 25 years, as a population can double in that time. -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{formatnum:{{{date}}}|R}}|}} }}||{{#ifexpr:(({{#time:Y|now|en}} - {{padleft:|4|{{formatnum:{{{date}}}|R}}|}}) < 25)<!-- -->|<!-- regular-->{{{speakers|–}}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}})<!-- -->|<!-- old (25+) -->({{{speakers}}} निद्दिट्ठं {{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}){{main other|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e19|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 19 speaker data]]|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e18|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 18 speaker data]]|[[Category:Language articles with old speaker data]]}}}}}}}}}}<!--(end ifexpr:25+, iferror:) -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |<!-- no date input -->{{{speakers|–}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }}<!--(end if:date, before the 25+ expr check) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=no date) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=na) -->|<!--(no speakers number to be shown)-->}}}}<!--(end if:speakers (in 2nd param of silver-check), if:silver. end of SPOKEN) -->}} }}<!--(end if:era, if:extinct. No open #if:s left) If there is a ref, and there is any input for this row (data7), then we add the reference: -->{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{date|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|sign_language}}|{{Infobox language/ref|{{{ref}}}|iso3={{{iso3|}}}|refname={{{refname|}}}|name={{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|lc1={{{lc1|}}}|ld1={{Delink|{{{ld1}}}}}|lc2={{{lc2|}}}|ld2={{Delink|{{{ld2}}}}}|lc3={{{lc3|}}}|ld3={{Delink|{{{ld3}}}}}|lc4={{{lc4|}}}|ld4={{Delink|{{{ld4}}}}}|lc5={{{lc5|}}}|ld5={{Delink|{{{ld5}}}}}|lc6={{{lc6|}}}|ld6={{Delink|{{{ld6}}}}}|lc7={{{lc7|}}}|ld7={{Delink|{{{ld7}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Add speakers2 after the ref: -->{{#if:{{{speakers2|}}}|<br />{{{speakers2|}}} }} | label8 = {{#if:{{{revived|}}} |[[Language revitalization|Revival]]{{#if:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat|}}}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat}}}}}}|nocat|<!--suppress-->|[[Category:{{{revived-category|{{{revived-cat}}}}}}]]|[[Category:Language revival]]}} }} }} | data8 = {{{revived|}}} | label9 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} | अत्थो | {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[भासाकुलं]]}}}} }} | data9 = {{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{family}}}}}|na||<div style="text-align:left;">{{{family|{{{fam1|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |''Unknown''{{main other|[[Category:Languages without classification]]}} |{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} |[[constructed language]] |{{Infobox language/genetic|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}} }} }}}}} <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> {{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|isolate||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Isolate||{{#if:{{{fam2|}}} | {{{fam2}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam3|}}} | {{{fam3}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam4|}}} | {{{fam4}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam5|}}} | {{{fam5}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam6|}}} | {{{fam6}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam7|}}} | {{{fam7}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam8|}}} | {{{fam8}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam9|}}} | {{{fam9}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam10|}}} | {{{fam10}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam11|}}} | {{{fam11}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam12|}}} | {{{fam12}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam13|}}} | {{{fam13}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam14|}}} | {{{fam14}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam15|}}} | {{{fam15}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>'''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'''</li></ul> | '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}''' }}</li></ul> }}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | label10 = {{longitem|पुब्बरूपानि}} | data10 = {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{protoname|{{{ancestor|}}}}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor2}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor3|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor3}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor4|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor4}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor5|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor5}}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </div>}} | label11 = {{longitem|पमाणरूपानि}} | data11 = {{#if:{{{standards|}}}|{{{standards}}} |{{#if:{{{stand1|}}}| <div>{{{stand1|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand2|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand3|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand4|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand5|}}}</div> <div>{{{stand6|}}}</div> }}}} | label12 = देसियभासा | data12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}|{{{dialects}}} |{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}| {{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|*{{{dia1}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia2|}}}|*{{{dia2}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia3|}}}|*{{{dia3}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia4|}}}|*{{{dia4}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia5|}}}|*{{{dia5}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia6|}}}|*{{{dia6}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia7|}}}|*{{{dia7}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia8|}}}|*{{{dia8}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia9|}}}|*{{{dia9}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia10|}}}|*{{{dia10}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia11|}}}|*{{{dia11}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia12|}}}|*{{{dia12}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia13|}}}|*{{{dia13}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia14|}}}|*{{{dia14}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia15|}}}|*{{{dia15}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia16|}}}|*{{{dia16}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia17|}}}|*{{{dia17}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia18|}}}|*{{{dia18}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia19|}}}|*{{{dia19}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia20|}}}|*{{{dia20}}}}} }}}} | rowclass12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}||{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|{{{listclass|{{{liststyle|plainlist}}}}}}}}}} | label13 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[लिपिकम्मं]]}}}} | data13 = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{script|}}}}} | latin | [[लैटिन]] | latin alphabet | [[लैटिनअक्खरा]] | [[लैटिनअक्खरा|लैटिन]] = [[Latin script|Latin]] | #default = {{{script|}}} }} | label14 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[Manually coded language|Signed forms]]}}}} | data14 = {{#if:{{{sign|}}}|{{{sign}}}}} | label15 = सम्भवो | data15 = {{{posteriori|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header16 = {{#if:{{{nation|}}}{{{minority|}}}{{{agency|}}}|धम्मिकट्ठानं}} | label17 = {{longitem|किच्चपयोगो}} | data17 = {{{nation|}}} | label18 = {{longitem|class=nowrap|अप्पकभासात्तेन<br />सञ्जाननं}} | data18 = {{#if:{{{minority|}}} |<div style="<!--label17 above almost always linewraps, so:-->vertical-align:middle;">{{{minority}}}</div>}} | label19 = धम्मिकपालको | data19 = {{{agency|{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{agency|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|Default}}}}}|black|1}}|1|0}} | ''नत्थि'' <!-- | {{#if:{{{nation|}}}|''No official regulation''}} [this ends up claiming that languages have no regulation just cuz no-one bothered to add the regulator --> }}}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header20 = भासासङ्केतानि | label21 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-1]]}} | data21 = {{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso1|}}}}}| 2 | {{ISO639-1|{{{iso1}}}}} | {{{iso1}}} }}</code> {{{iso1comment|}}}}} | label22 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-2]]}} | data22 = {{#if:{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<code>{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2b|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2b}}}}} | {{{iso2b}}} }}&nbsp;(B) |{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |{{{iso2|sgn}}} |{{ #if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|black|1}} |{{{iso2|art}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2}}}}} | {{{iso2}}} }}}}}}}}</code> {{{iso2comment|}}}{{ #if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<br /><code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2t|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO639-2|{{{iso2t}}}}} | {{{iso2t}}} }}&nbsp;(T)</code>}} }} | label23 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-3]]}} | data23 = {{#if:{{{iso3|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{iso3|}}}}}|none|{{#if:{{{iso3comment|}}}|{{{iso3comment}}}|''नत्थि'' (<code>mis</code>)}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso3}}}}}| 3 | [[ISO639-3:{{{iso3}}}|{{{iso3}}}]] | {{{iso3}}} }}</code> {{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| – [[:en:ISO 639 macrolanguage|पच्चेक सङ्केता]]<!--not all are 'macrolanguages': Hittite, for example-->}} {{{iso3comment|}}}}}|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| |–}}}}{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|1|0}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />पच्चेकसङ्केतानि|{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|Variously|Either}}}}:{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc1|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc4|}}}|{{{ld4|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc5|}}}|{{{ld5|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc6|}}}|{{{ld6|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc7|}}}|{{{ld7|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc8|}}}|{{{ld8|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc9|}}}|{{{ld9|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc10|}}}|{{{ld10|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc11|}}}|{{{ld11|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc12|}}}|{{{ld12|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc13|}}}|{{{ld13|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc14|}}}|{{{ld14|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc15|}}}|{{{ld15|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc16|}}}|{{{ld16|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc17|}}}|{{{ld17|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc18|}}}|{{{ld18|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc19|}}}|{{{ld19|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc20|}}}|{{{ld20|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc21|}}}|{{{ld21|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc22|}}}|{{{ld22|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc23|}}}|{{{ld23|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc24|}}}|{{{ld24|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc25|}}}|{{{ld25|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc26|}}}|{{{ld26|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc27|}}}|{{{ld27|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc28|}}}|{{{ld28|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc29|}}}|{{{ld29|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc30|}}}|{{{ld30|}}} }} |{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />Individual code:}}{{Infobox language/codelist|code={{{lc1}}}|2={{{ld1|}}} }} }} }} | label24 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-6]]}}<!-- NOTE: ISO 639-6 was withdrawn in 2014.--> | data24 = {{#if:{{{iso6|}}}|<code>{{{iso6}}}</code>}} | label25 = {{longitem|[[Linguist List]]}} | data25 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist|}}} |2={{{lingname|}}}}} | label26 = &nbsp; | data26 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist2|}}}|2={{{lingname2|}}}}} | label27 = &nbsp; | data27 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist3|}}}|2={{{lingname3|}}}}} | label28 = &nbsp; | data28 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist4|}}}|2={{{lingname4|}}}}} | label29 = &nbsp; | data29 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist5|}}}|2={{{lingname5|}}}}} | label30 = &nbsp; | data30 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist6|}}}|2={{{lingname6|}}}}} | label31 = [[Glottolog]] | data31 = {{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|none|''नत्थि''[[Category:Languages without Glottolog code]]|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|spurious|(insufficiently attested or not a distinct language){{main other|[[Category:Languages rejected by Glottolog]]}}|<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto}}}|{{{glottorefname|{{{glottoname|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog"}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|<br />|<!--no break when more than one box on a page-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto2}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname2}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto2}}}|{{{glottorefname2|{{{glottoname2|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog2"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto3}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname3}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto3}}}|{{{glottorefname3|{{{glottoname3|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog3"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto4}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname4}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto4}}}|{{{glottorefname4|{{{glottoname4|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog4"}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto5}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}|&nbsp; {{nowrap|{{{glottoname5}}}}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{glottofoot|}}}|no||{{#tag:ref|{{Glottolog|{{{glotto5}}}|{{{glottorefname5|{{{glottoname5|{{{name}}}}}}}}}}}|name="Glottolog5"}}}}}} | label32 = [[Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies|AIATSIS]]{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{#tag:ref|{{AIATSIS|{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{{aiatsisname|{{{name}}}}}}|{{{aiatsis2|}}}}}|name="AIATSIS"}}}} | data32 = {{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|<code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis}}} {{{aiatsis}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis2|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis2}}} {{{aiatsis2}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname2|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname2}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis3|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis3}}} {{{aiatsis3}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname3|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname3}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis4|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis4}}} {{{aiatsis4}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname4|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname4}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis5|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis5}}} {{{aiatsis5}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname5|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname5}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis6|}}}|, <code>[http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au/main.php?code={{{aiatsis6}}} {{{aiatsis6}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname6|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname6}}}}} }} | label33 = {{allow wrap|{{longitem|[[Guthrie classification of Bantu languages|Guthrie code]]}}}} | data33 = {{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<code>{{{guthrie}}}</code><ref name="Guthrie">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. [http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf New Updated Guthrie List Online]</ref>}} | label34 = [[Linguasphere Observatory|Linguasphere]] | data34 = {{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|<code>{{{lingua}}}</code>{{{lingua_ref|}}}}} | label35 = [[IETF language tag|IETF]] | data35 = {{#if:{{{ietf|}}}|<code>{{{ietf}}}</code>{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with IETF language tag]]}}}} | data36 = {{#if:{{{map|}}} |{{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map}}}|size={{{mapsize|}}}|sizedefault=220px|alt={{{mapalt|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption}}}</div>}} }} | data37 = {{#if:{{{map2|}}} | {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map2}}}|size={{{mapsize|}}}|sizedefault=220px|alt={{{mapalt2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption2|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption2}}}</div>}} }} | data40 = {{{module|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | belowclass = noprint selfref | belowstyle = background-color:#ddddff;padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3; | below = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{notice|{{{notice2|}}}}}}}}|ipa |'''इमस्मिं आलेखनिय [[:en:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] सरुप्पनसञो वत्तन्ति॥''' सम्मा उपत्थम्भस्स अभावेन यूनिकोड अक्खरानं ठाने ? लक्खणानि। चतुरस्सकानि सञन्तरानि च दिस्सेय्युं॥ IPA सञानं परिचयत्थाय [[Help:IPA]] पस्सथ॥ }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 6z3iotk2pfgivwcwqqsysr7q6fnurap 104394 104393 2026-09-13T13:20:05Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | bodyclass = vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds | bodystyle = {{#if:{{{boxsize|}}}|width: {{{boxsize}}};}} | abovestyle = font-size:125%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|#114057|1}}|white|{{if empty|{{{fontcolor|}}}|black}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}} }} }} }}; | above = <includeonly>{{{name|{{#if:{{#invoke:Wikidata|ViewSomething|labels|en|value}}|{{#invoke:Wikidata|ViewSomething|labels|en|value}}|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}</includeonly> | aboveclass = above | subheaderstyle = font-size:110%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|#114057|1}}|white|{{if empty|{{{fontcolor|}}}|black}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}} }} }} }}; | subheader1 = {{{altname|}}} | subheader2 = {{{nativename|}}} | subheader3 = {{#if:{{{acceptance|}}}|({{{acceptance|}}})}} | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|upright={{if empty|{{{imagescale|}}}|0.9}}|alt={{{imagealt|}}}|class={{{image_class|}}}}} | captionstyle = padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em; | caption = {{{imagecaption|}}} | headerstyle = color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}}|white|{{if empty|{{{fontcolor|}}}|black}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}}}}}}}}; <!---------------------------------------------------------> | labelstyle = white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em<!--(to ensure gap between any long/nonwrapped label and subsequent data on same line-->; | datastyle = line-height:1.3em; | label1 = Pronunciation | data1 = {{#if:{{{pronunciation|}}}| {{if empty|{{{pronunciation|}}}|''to be added''}}}} | label2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} | Created&nbsp;by | Native&nbsp;to }} | data2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |{{if empty|{{{creator|}}}|–}} |{{if empty|{{{states|}}}|{{{state|}}}}} }} | label3 = Date | data3 = {{{created|}}} | label4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |Setting and usage |{{#if:{{{region|}}}|Region}} }} | data4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |{{{setting|}}} |{{{region|}}} }} | label6 = Ethnicity | data6 = {{{ethnicity|}}} | label7 = {{#if:{{{extinct|}}} |[[Extinct language|Extinct]] |{{#if:{{{era|}}} |Era |{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{speakers_label|}}} |{{if empty|{{{speakers_label|}}}|Users}} |{{longitem|Native speakers}} }} }} }} | data7 =<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|(date missing)[[Category:Language articles with unknown extinction date]]|{{{extinct}}}}}<!-- extinct input used -->|{{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{{era}}}<!-- era input used -->|<!-- no era, check for sign/spoken -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|silver|1}}<!-- check for signers/silver -->|<!-- SIGN language (silver) -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers|}}}|–}} |{{#ifeq:{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers}}}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers}}}}}|none|''None'' |{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers|}}}|–}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}) |{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers|}}}|–}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }} }} }}<!--(end if:date, ifeq:date=na, if:signers. end of SIGN) -->|<!-- SPOKEN language (not silver) -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{if empty|{{{speakers|}}}|–}} |{{#ifeq: {{{date}}}|no date|(undated figure of {{{speakers}}})|<!-- The following changes the display depending on the age of the data. Limit set to 25 years, as a population can double in that time. -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}} }}||{{#ifexpr:(({{CURRENTYEAR}} - {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}}) < 25)<!-- -->|<!-- regular-->{{if empty|{{{speakers|}}}|–}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}})<!-- -->|<!-- old (25+) -->({{{speakers}}} cited {{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}){{main other|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e19|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 19 speaker data]]|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e18|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 18 speaker data]]|[[Category:Language articles with old speaker data]]}}}}}}}}}}<!--(end ifexpr:25+, iferror:) -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|none|''None'' |<!-- no date input -->{{if empty|{{{speakers|}}}|–}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }}<!--(end if:date, before the 25+ expr check) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=no date) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=na) -->|<!--(no speakers number to be shown)-->}}}}<!--(end if:speakers (in 2nd param of silver-check), if:silver. end of SPOKEN) -->}} }}<!--(end if:era, if:extinct. No open #if:s left) If there is a ref, and there is any input for this row (data7), then we add the reference: -->{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{date|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|sign_language}}|{{Infobox language/ref|{{{ref}}}|iso3={{{iso3|}}}|refname={{{refname|}}}|name={{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}|lc1={{{lc1|}}}|ld1={{Delink|{{{ld1}}}}}|lc2={{{lc2|}}}|ld2={{Delink|{{{ld2}}}}}|lc3={{{lc3|}}}|ld3={{Delink|{{{ld3}}}}}|lc4={{{lc4|}}}|ld4={{Delink|{{{ld4}}}}}|lc5={{{lc5|}}}|ld5={{Delink|{{{ld5}}}}}|lc6={{{lc6|}}}|ld6={{Delink|{{{ld6}}}}}|lc7={{{lc7|}}}|ld7={{Delink|{{{ld7}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Add speakers2 after the ref: -->{{#if:{{{speakers2|}}}|<br />{{{speakers2|}}} }} | label8 = {{#if:{{{revived|}}} |[[Language revitalization|Revival]]{{#if:{{{revived-category|}}}{{{revived-cat|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{if empty|{{{revived-category|}}}|{{{revived-cat}}}}}|nocat|<!--suppress-->|[[Category:{{if empty|{{{revived-category|}}}|{{{revived-cat}}}}}]]|[[Category:Language revival]]}} }} }} | data8 = {{{revived|}}} | label9 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |Purpose |{{longitem|{{Wrap|[[Language family]]}}}} }} | data9 = {{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{family}}}}}|na||<div style="text-align:left;">{{{family|{{{fam1|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |''Unknown''{{main other|[[Category:Languages without classification]]}} |{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} |[[Constructed language]] |{{Infobox language/genetic|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}}}} }} }}}}} <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> {{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|isolate||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Isolate||{{#if:{{{fam2|}}} | {{{fam2}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam3|}}} | {{{fam3}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam4|}}} | {{{fam4}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam5|}}} | {{{fam5}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam6|}}} | {{{fam6}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam7|}}} | {{{fam7}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam8|}}} | {{{fam8}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam9|}}} | {{{fam9}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam10|}}} | {{{fam10}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam11|}}} | {{{fam11}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam12|}}} | {{{fam12}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam13|}}} | {{{fam13}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam14|}}} | {{{fam14}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam15|}}} | {{{fam15}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>'''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}'''</li></ul> | '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }} }}}}}}}}</li></ul>}}}</div>}} | label10 = {{longitem|{{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}}|Early forms|Early form}}}} | data10 = {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{if empty|{{{protoname|}}}|{{{ancestor|}}}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor2}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor3|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor3}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor4|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor4}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor5|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor5}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor6|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor6}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor7|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor7}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor8|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor8}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor9|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor9}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor10|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor10}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor11|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor11}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor12|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor12}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor13|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor13}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor14|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor14}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor15|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor15}}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </div>}} | label11 = {{longitem|Standard forms}} | data11 = {{#if:{{{standards|}}}|{{{standards}}} |{{#if:{{{stand1|}}}|{{plainlist| *{{{stand1|}}}{{#if:{{{stand2|}}}| *{{{stand2|}}}|}}{{#if:{{{stand3|}}}| *{{{stand3|}}}|}}{{#if:{{{stand4|}}}| *{{{stand4|}}}|}}{{#if:{{{stand5|}}}| *{{{stand5|}}}|}}{{#if:{{{stand6|}}}| *{{{stand6|}}}}}}}}}}} | label12 = {{if empty|{{{dialect_label|}}}|Dialects}} | data12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}|{{{dialects}}} |{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}| {{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|*{{{dia1}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia2|}}}|*{{{dia2}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia3|}}}|*{{{dia3}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia4|}}}|*{{{dia4}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia5|}}}|*{{{dia5}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia6|}}}|*{{{dia6}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia7|}}}|*{{{dia7}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia8|}}}|*{{{dia8}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia9|}}}|*{{{dia9}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia10|}}}|*{{{dia10}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia11|}}}|*{{{dia11}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia12|}}}|*{{{dia12}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia13|}}}|*{{{dia13}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia14|}}}|*{{{dia14}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia15|}}}|*{{{dia15}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia16|}}}|*{{{dia16}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia17|}}}|*{{{dia17}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia18|}}}|*{{{dia18}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia19|}}}|*{{{dia19}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia20|}}}|*{{{dia20}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia21|}}}|*{{{dia21}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia22|}}}|*{{{dia22}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia23|}}}|*{{{dia23}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia24|}}}|*{{{dia24}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia25|}}}|*{{{dia25}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia26|}}}|*{{{dia26}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia27|}}}|*{{{dia27}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia28|}}}|*{{{dia28}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia29|}}}|*{{{dia29}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia30|}}}|*{{{dia30}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia31|}}}|*{{{dia31}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia32|}}}|*{{{dia32}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia33|}}}|*{{{dia33}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia34|}}}|*{{{dia34}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia35|}}}|*{{{dia35}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia36|}}}|*{{{dia36}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia37|}}}|*{{{dia37}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia38|}}}|*{{{dia38}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia39|}}}|*{{{dia39}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia40|}}}|*{{{dia40}}}}} }}}} | rowclass12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}||{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|{{if empty|{{{listclass|}}}|{{{liststyle|}}}|plainlist}}}}}} | label13 = {{longitem|{{Wrap|[[Writing system]]}}}} | data13 = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{script|}}}}} | latin | [[latin]] | latin alphabet | [[latin alphabet]] | [[latin alphabet|latin]] = [[Latin script|Latin]] | #default = {{{script|}}} }} | label14 = {{longitem|{{Wrap|[[Manually coded language|Signed forms]]}}}} | data14 = {{#if:{{{sign|}}}|{{{sign}}}}} | label15 = Sources | data15 = {{{posteriori|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header16 = {{#if:{{{nation|}}}{{{official|}}}{{{minority|}}}{{{agency|}}}{{{development_body|}}}|Official status}} | label17 = {{longitem|Official language&nbsp;in}} | data17 = {{if empty|{{{nation|}}}|{{{official|}}}}} | label18 = {{longitem|class=nowrap|Recognised minority<br />language&nbsp;in}} | data18 = {{#if:{{{minority|}}} |<div style="<!--label17 above almost always linewraps, so:-->vertical-align:middle;">{{{minority}}}</div>}} | label19 = [[List of language regulators|Regulated&nbsp;by]] | data19 = {{{agency|{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{agency|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}}}}|#114057|1}}|1|0}} | ''None'' <!-- | {{#if:{{{nation|}}}|''No official regulation''}} [this ends up claiming that languages have no regulation just because no-one bothered to add the regulator --> }}}}} | label20 = Development body | data20 = {{{development_body|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header21 = Language codes | label22 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-1]]}} | data22 = {{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso1|}}}}}| 2 | {{ISO 639-1|{{{iso1}}}}} | {{{iso1}}} }}</code> {{{iso1comment|}}}}} | label23 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-2]]}} | data23 = {{#if:{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<code>{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2b|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO 639-2|{{{iso2b}}}}} | {{{iso2b}}} }}&nbsp;([[ISO 639-2/B|B]]) |{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |{{if empty|{{{iso2|}}}|sgn}} |{{ #if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |{{if empty|{{{iso2|}}}|art}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO 639-2|{{{iso2}}}}} | {{{iso2}}} }}}}}}}}</code> {{{iso2comment|}}}{{ #if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<br /><code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2t|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO 639-2|{{{iso2t}}}}} | {{{iso2t}}} }}&nbsp;([[ISO 639-2/T|T]])</code>}} }} | label24 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-3]]}} | data24 = {{#if:{{{iso3|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{iso3|}}}}}|none|{{if empty|{{{iso3comment|}}}|''None'' (<code>mis</code>)}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso3}}}}}| 3 | [[ISO639-3:{{{iso3}}}|{{{iso3}}}]] | {{{iso3}}} }}</code> {{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| – inclusive code<!--not all are 'macrolanguages': Hittite, for example-->}} {{{iso3comment|}}}}}|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| |–}}}}{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|1|0}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />Individual codes|{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|Variously|Either}}}}:{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc1|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc4|}}}|{{{ld4|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc5|}}}|{{{ld5|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc6|}}}|{{{ld6|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc7|}}}|{{{ld7|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc8|}}}|{{{ld8|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc9|}}}|{{{ld9|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc10|}}}|{{{ld10|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc11|}}}|{{{ld11|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc12|}}}|{{{ld12|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc13|}}}|{{{ld13|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc14|}}}|{{{ld14|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc15|}}}|{{{ld15|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc16|}}}|{{{ld16|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc17|}}}|{{{ld17|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc18|}}}|{{{ld18|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc19|}}}|{{{ld19|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc20|}}}|{{{ld20|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc21|}}}|{{{ld21|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc22|}}}|{{{ld22|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc23|}}}|{{{ld23|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc24|}}}|{{{ld24|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc25|}}}|{{{ld25|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc26|}}}|{{{ld26|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc27|}}}|{{{ld27|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc28|}}}|{{{ld28|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc29|}}}|{{{ld29|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc30|}}}|{{{ld30|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc31|}}}|{{{ld31|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc32|}}}|{{{ld32|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc33|}}}|{{{ld33|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc34|}}}|{{{ld34|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc35|}}}|{{{ld35|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc36|}}}|{{{ld36|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc37|}}}|{{{ld37|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc38|}}}|{{{ld38|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc39|}}}|{{{ld39|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc40|}}}|{{{ld40|}}} }} |{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />Individual code:}}{{Infobox language/codelist|code={{{lc1}}}|2={{{ld1|}}} }} }} }} | label25 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-6]]}}<!-- NOTE: ISO 639-6 was withdrawn in 2014.--> | data25 = {{#if:{{{iso6|}}}|<code>{{{iso6}}}</code>[[Category:Languages with ISO6 code]]}} | label26 = {{longitem|[[Linguist List]]}} | data26 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist|}}} |2={{{lingname|}}}}} | label27 = &nbsp; | data27 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist2|}}}|2={{{lingname2|}}}}} | label28 = &nbsp; | data28 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist3|}}}|2={{{lingname3|}}}}} | label29 = &nbsp; | data29 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist4|}}}|2={{{lingname4|}}}}} | label30 = &nbsp; | data30 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist5|}}}|2={{{lingname5|}}}}} | label31 = &nbsp; | data31 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist6|}}}|2={{{lingname6|}}}}} | label32 = ''[[Glottolog]]'' | data32 = {{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|none|''None''[[Category:Languages without Glottolog code]]|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|spurious|(insufficiently attested or not a distinct language){{main other|[[Category:Languages rejected by Glottolog]]}}|<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|<br />|<!--no break when more than one box on a page-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto2}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname2}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto3}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname3}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto4}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname4}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto5}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname5}}}}}}} | label33 = [[Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies|AIATSIS]]{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{#tag:ref|{{AIATSIS|{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{if empty|{{{aiatsisname|}}}|{{{name}}}}}|{{{aiatsis2|}}}}}|name="AIATSIS"}}}} | data33 = {{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|<code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis}}} {{{aiatsis}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis2|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis2}}} {{{aiatsis2}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname2|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname2}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis3|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis3}}} {{{aiatsis3}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname3|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname3}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis4|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis4}}} {{{aiatsis4}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname4|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname4}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis5|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis5}}} {{{aiatsis5}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname5|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname5}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis6|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis6}}} {{{aiatsis6}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname6|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname6}}}}} }} | label34 = {{longitem|{{Wrap|[[Guthrie classification of Bantu languages|Guthrie code]]}}}} | data34 = {{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<code>{{{guthrie}}}</code><ref name="Guthrie">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180203191542/http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf New Updated Guthrie List Online]</ref>}} | label35 = [[Endangered Languages Project|ELP]] | data35 = {{#ifeq: {{lc: {{{ELP|}}} }} | none | | {{Endangered Languages Project |ELP={{{ELP|}}} |ELPname={{{ELPname|}}} |qid={{{qid|}}} }} }} | label36 = &nbsp;<!--keeps ELP entries aligned--> | data36 = {{#if:{{{ELP2|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP2}}} {{{ELPname2}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label37 = &nbsp; | data37 = {{#if:{{{ELP3|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP3}}} {{{ELPname3}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label38 = &nbsp; | data38 = {{#if:{{{ELP4|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP4}}} {{{ELPname4}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label39 = &nbsp; | data39 = {{#if:{{{ELP5|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP5}}} {{{ELPname5}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label40 = &nbsp; | data40 = {{#if:{{{ELP6|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP6}}} {{{ELPname6}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label41 = [[Glottopedia]] | data41 = {{#if:{{{glottopedia|}}}|<code>[http://www.glottopedia.org/index.php/{{{glottopedia}}} {{{glottopedia}}}]</code>{{#tag:ref|[http://www.glottopedia.org/index.php/{{{glottopedia}}} Glottopedia article on {{PAGENAMEBASE}}].|name="Glottopedia"}}}} | label42 = [[Linguasphere Observatory|Linguasphere]] | data42 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua|}}} |2={{{linguaname|}}}}} | label43 = &nbsp; | data43 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua2|}}}|2={{{linguaname2|}}}}} | label44 = &nbsp; | data44 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua3|}}}|2={{{linguaname3|}}}}} | label45 = &nbsp; | data45 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua4|}}}|2={{{linguaname4|}}}}} | label46 = &nbsp; | data46 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua5|}}}|2={{{linguaname5|}}}}} | label47 = &nbsp; | data47 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua6|}}}|2={{{linguaname6|}}}}} | label48 = &nbsp; | data48 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua7|}}}|2={{{linguaname7|}}}}} | label49 = &nbsp; | data49 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua8|}}}|2={{{linguaname8|}}}}} | label50 = &nbsp; | data50 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua9|}}}|2={{{linguaname9|}}}}} | label51 = &nbsp; | data51 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua10|}}}|2={{{linguaname10|}}}}} | label52 = [[IETF language tag|IETF]] | data52 = {{#if:{{{ietf|}}}|<code>{{{ietf}}}</code>{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with IETF language tag]]}}}} | data53 = {{#if:{{{map|}}} |{{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map}}}|upright={{if empty|{{{mapscale|}}}|1.15}}|alt={{{mapalt|}}}|class={{{map_class|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption}}}</div>}}| }} | data54 = {{#if:{{{map2|}}} | {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map2}}}|upright={{if empty|{{{mapscale|}}}|1.45}}|alt={{{mapalt2|}}}|class={{{map_class2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption2|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption2}}}</div>}} }} | data55 = {{#invoke:Location map|infobox_pushpin_map | default_width = 250 | pushpin_alt = Approximate location where {{if empty|{{{name|}}}|the language}} is spoken }} | data56 = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}} |Coordinates: {{#invoke:Coordinates|coordinsert|{{{coordinates|}}}|type:landmark}}| }} | data57 = {{{module|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | belowclass = noprint selfref | belowstyle = background-color:#E7E7FF;color:inherit;padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3; | below = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{if empty|{{{notice|}}}|{{{notice2|}}}}}}}|ipa |'''This article contains [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] phonetic symbols.''' Without proper [[Help:IPA#Rendering issues|rendering support]], you may see [[Specials (Unicode block)#Replacement character|question marks, boxes, or other symbols]] instead of [[Unicode]] characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see [[Help:IPA]]. }} }}<!-- ---- Adding tracking categories ---- Note 1: Above in this code, already tracking [[Category:...]]'s may be added. Note 2: All categories are using {{main other|[[Cat:...]}}. -->{{main other|<!-- -->{{#if:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{creator|}}}||[[Category:Languages without family color codes]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}||<!-- no main input for data7 -->[[Category:Language articles without speaker estimate]]}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{speakers|}}}|?|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}{{{lc1|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|<!-- ok -->|{{#ifeq:{{{ref|}}}|e18|<!-- ok -->|[[Category:Language articles with unknown population not citing Ethnologue 18]]}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{iso3|}}}}}|none|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}}|[[Category:Conlangs without ISO 639-3 code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror: {{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}} }} |<!-- -->{{#switch: {{lc:{{{date}}}}} | na = [[Category:Language articles with NA population dates]] | no date = [[Category:Language articles with 'no date' set]] | #default = [[Category:Language articles with invalid population dates]]<!-- -->}}|<!-- no error -->}}|<!-- no date -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|<!--ok-->|<!-- -->{{#switch: {{lc:{{{isoexception}}}}} | dialect = [[Category:Dialects of languages with ISO 639-3 code]] | historical = [[Category:Historical forms of languages with ISO codes]] | protolanguage = [[Category:Protolanguages without ISO codes]] | talkpage = |}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{linglist|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{created|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code]]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}{{{lc1|}}}{{{glotto|}}}{{{glotto2|}}}{{{glotto3|}}}{{{glotto4|}}}{{{glotto5|}}}{{{linglist|}}}{{{lingua|}}}{{{aiatsis|}}}{{{guthrie|}}}{{{isoexception|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Language articles without language codes]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Languages which need ISO 639-3 comment]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|{{#ifeq:{{{ref|}}}|e18|[[Category:Nonexistent E18 links]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|{{#if:{{{linglist|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{isoexception|}}}|dialect|[[Category:Dialects with Linguist List code]]|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguist List code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{glotto|}}}|none|<!--ok-->||{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguasphere code]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with AIATSIS code]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Guthrie code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<!--okay-->|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{linglist|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{isoexception|}}}|dialect|[[Category:Dialects with Linguist List code]]|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguist List code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{glotto|}}}|none|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguasphere code]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with AIATSIS code]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Guthrie code]]}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottorefname|}}}{{{glottoname|}}}|<!--ok--> |{{#switch: {{lc:{{{glotto}}}}} |none = |spurious = |#default = [[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}{{{glottorefname2|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}{{{glottorefname3|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}{{{glottorefname4|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}{{{glottorefname5|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{Str index|{{{map|}}}|1}}|[|[[Category:Ill-formatted infobox-language images]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{Str index|{{{map2|}}}|1}}|[|[[Category:Ill-formatted infobox-language images]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{Str index|{{{image|}}}|1}}|[|[[Category:Ill-formatted infobox-language images]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}}|[[Category:Languages with ISO 639-2 code]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|[[Category:Languages with ISO 639-1 code]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers|}}}|?|{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|[[Category:Language articles with speakers set to 'unknown' despite a reference]]|{{#ifeq:{{{isoexception|}}}|dialect|[[Category:Dialect articles with speakers set to 'unknown']]|[[Category:Language articles with speakers set to 'unknown']]}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers|}}}|none|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{familycolor|}}}}}|pidgin|<!--ok: pidgins don't have native speakers-->|[[Category:Language articles with speakers set to 'none']]}}|{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Language articles without reference field]]}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}|{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Language articles with unreferenced extinction date]]}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{boxsize|}}}|}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}{{{glotto2|}}}{{{glotto3|}}}{{{glotto4|}}}{{{glotto5|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Language articles missing Glottolog code]]}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|{{#ifeq:{{{glotto|}}}|none|[[Category:Languages with neither ISO nor Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none||{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#switch: {{{ref}}} | e26 = | e25 = | e24 = | e23 = | e22 = | e21 = | e20 = | e19 = | e18 = | e17 = | e16 = | e15 = | e14 = | e13 = | e12 = | e11 = | e10 = | e09 = | e08 = | ne2007 = [[Category:Articles citing Nationalencyklopedin]] | ne2010 = [[Category:Articles citing Nationalencyklopedin]] | inali = [[Category:Articles citing INALI]] | linglist = [[Category:Articles citing Linguist List]] | aiatsis= [[Category:Articles citing AIATSIS]] | guthrie = [[Category:Articles citing Maho/Guthrie]] | &nbsp; = [[Category:Articles opting out of population reference]] | {{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}|[[Category:Extinct ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue]]|[[Category:ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue]]}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Close wrapping {{main other}} for the categories:-->}}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check |unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox language with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}} |preview=Page using [[Template:Infobox language]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| pushpin_map_args = y | acceptance | agency | aiatsis | aiatsis2 | aiatsis3 | aiatsis4 | aiatsis5 | aiatsis6 | aiatsisname | aiatsisname2 | aiatsisname3 | aiatsisname4 | aiatsisname5 | aiatsisname6 | altname | ancestor | ancestor2 | ancestor3 | ancestor4 | ancestor5 | ancestor6 | ancestor7 | ancestor8 | ancestor9 | ancestor10 | ancestor11 | ancestor12 | ancestor13 | ancestor14 | ancestor15 | boxsize | coordinates | created | creator | date | dateprefix | development_body | dia1 | dia2 | dia3 | dia4 | dia5 | dia6 | dia7 | dia8 | dia9 | dia10 | dia11 | dia12 | dia13 | dia14 | dia15 | dia16 | dia17 | dia18 | dia19 | dia20 | dia21 | dia22 | dia23 | dia24 | dia25 | dia26 | dia27 | dia28 | dia29 | dia30 | dia31 | dia32 | dia33 | dia34 | dia35 | dia36 | dia37 | dia38 | dia39 | dia40 | dialect_label | dialects | ELP | ELP2 | ELP3 | ELP4 | ELP5 | ELP6 | ELPname | ELPname2 | ELPname3 | ELPname4 | ELPname5 | ELPname6 | era | ethnicity | extinct | fam1 | fam2 | fam3 | fam4 | fam5 | fam6 | fam7 | fam8 | fam9 | fam10 | fam11 | fam12 | fam13 | fam14 | fam15 | family | familycolor | fontcolor | glotto | glotto2 | glotto3 | glotto4 | glotto5 | glottoname | glottoname2 | glottoname3 | glottoname4 | glottoname5 | glottopedia | glottorefname | glottorefname2 | glottorefname3 | glottorefname4 | glottorefname5 | guthrie | ietf | image | imagealt | imagecaption | imagescale | image_class | iso1 | iso1comment | iso2 | iso2b | iso2comment | iso2t | iso3 | iso3comment | iso6 | isoexception | lc1 | lc2 | lc3 | lc4 | lc5 | lc6 | lc7 | lc8 | lc9 | lc10 | lc11 | lc12 | lc13 | lc14 | lc15 | lc16 | lc17 | lc18 | lc19 | lc20 | lc21 | lc22 | lc23 | lc24 | lc25 | lc26 | lc27 | lc28 | lc29 | lc30 | lc31 | lc32 | lc33 | lc34 | lc35 | lc36 | lc37 | lc38 | lc39 | lc40 | ld1 | ld2 | ld3 | ld4 | ld5 | ld6 | ld7 | ld8 | ld9 | ld10 | ld11 | ld12 | ld13 | ld14 | ld15 | ld16 | ld17 | ld18 | ld19 | ld20 | ld21 | ld22 | ld23 | ld24 | ld25 | ld26 | ld27 | ld28 | ld29 | ld30 | ld31 | ld32 | ld33 | ld34 | ld35 | ld36 | ld37 | ld38 | ld39 | ld40 | linglist | linglist2 | linglist3 | linglist4 | linglist5 | linglist6 | lingname | lingname2 | lingname3 | lingname4 | lingname5 | lingname6 | lingua | lingua2 | lingua3 | lingua4 | lingua5 | lingua6 | lingua7 | lingua8 | lingua9 | lingua10 | linguaname | linguaname2 | linguaname3 | linguaname4 | linguaname5 | linguaname6 | linguaname7 | linguaname8 | linguaname9 | linguaname10 | listclass | liststyle | map | map2 | mapalt | mapalt2 | mapcaption | mapcaption2 | map_class | map_class2 | mapscale | minority | module | name | nation | nativename | notice | notice2 | official | posteriori | pronunciation | protoname | qid | ref | refname | region | revived | revived-cat | revived-category | script | setting | sign | signers | speakers | speakers_label | speakers2 | stand1 | stand2 | stand3 | stand4 | stand5 | stand6 | standards | state | states }}<templatestyles src="Template:Infobox/styles-images.css" />{{#invoke:Check for conflicting parameters|check | template = [[Template:Infobox language]] | cat = {{main other|Category:Pages using infobox language with conflicting parameters}} | states; state | signers; speakers | revived-category; revived-cat | protoname; ancestor | listclass; liststyle | nation; official }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 32cehbh7za0nxg9sf9go0shia9ss4s9 104401 104394 2026-09-13T13:46:11Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | bodyclass = vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds | bodystyle = {{#if:{{{boxsize|}}}|width: {{{boxsize}}};}} | abovestyle = font-size:125%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|#114057|1}}|white|{{if empty|{{{fontcolor|}}}|black}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}} }} }} }}; | above = <includeonly>{{{name|{{#if:{{#invoke:Wikidata|ViewSomething|labels|en|value}}|{{#invoke:Wikidata|ViewSomething|labels|en|value}}|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}</includeonly> | aboveclass = above | subheaderstyle = font-size:110%; color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|#114057|1}}|white|{{if empty|{{{fontcolor|}}}|black}} }}; background-color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}} }} }} }}; | subheader1 = {{{altname|}}} | subheader2 = {{{nativename|}}} | subheader3 = {{#if:{{{acceptance|}}}|({{{acceptance|}}})}} | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|upright={{if empty|{{{imagescale|}}}|0.9}}|alt={{{imagealt|}}}|class={{{image_class|}}}}} | captionstyle = padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em; | caption = {{{imagecaption|}}} | headerstyle = color: {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}}|white|{{if empty|{{{fontcolor|}}}|black}}}}; background-color: {{#if:{{{signers|}}}|silver|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}|#114057|{{Infobox language/family-color|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}}}}}}}}; <!---------------------------------------------------------> | labelstyle = white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em<!--(to ensure gap between any long/nonwrapped label and subsequent data on same line-->; | datastyle = line-height:1.3em; | label1 = सरुप्पनं | data1 = {{#if:{{{pronunciation|}}}| {{if empty|{{{pronunciation|}}}|''to be added''}}}} | label2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} | निम्माता | जातिकं }} | data2 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |{{if empty|{{{creator|}}}|–}} |{{if empty|{{{states|}}}|{{{state|}}}}} }} | label3 = कालो | data3 = {{{created|}}} | label4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |पयोगो च वियोगो च |{{#if:{{{region|}}}|पदेसो}} }} | data4 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |{{{setting|}}} |{{{region|}}} }} | label6 = सभावजाति | data6 = {{{ethnicity|}}} | label7 = {{#if:{{{extinct|}}} |[[अन्तरहितभासा|अन्तरहितं]] |{{#if:{{{era|}}} |युगं |{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{speakers_label|}}} |{{if empty|{{{speakers_label|}}}|पयुञ्जन्ता}} |{{longitem|जातिक}} }} }} }} | data7 =<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|(date missing)[[Category:Language articles with unknown extinction date]]|{{{extinct}}}}}<!-- extinct input used -->|{{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{{era}}}<!-- era input used -->|<!-- no era, check for sign/spoken -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}} }}|silver|1}}<!-- check for signers/silver -->|<!-- SIGN language (silver) -->{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers|}}}|–}} |{{#ifeq:{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers}}}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers}}}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers|}}}|–}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}) |{{if empty|{{{signers|}}}|{{{speakers|}}}|–}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }} }} }}<!--(end if:date, ifeq:date=na, if:signers. end of SIGN) -->|<!-- SPOKEN language (not silver) -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{date}}}}}|na|{{if empty|{{{speakers|}}}|–}} |{{#ifeq: {{{date}}}|no date|(undated figure of {{{speakers}}})|<!-- The following changes the display depending on the age of the data. Limit set to 25 years, as a population can double in that time. -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}} }}||{{#ifexpr:(({{CURRENTYEAR}} - {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}}) < 25)<!-- -->|<!-- regular-->{{if empty|{{{speakers|}}}|–}}&nbsp;({{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}})<!-- -->|<!-- old (25+) -->({{{speakers}}} cited {{{dateprefix|}}}{{{date}}}){{main other|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e19|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 19 speaker data]]|{{#ifeq:{{{ref}}}|e18|[[Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 18 speaker data]]|[[Category:Language articles with old speaker data]]}}}}}}}}}}<!--(end ifexpr:25+, iferror:) -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|?|<!-- -->|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers}}}|none|''नत्थि'' |<!-- no date input -->{{if empty|{{{speakers|}}}|–}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with speaker number undated]]}}}} }} }}<!--(end if:date, before the 25+ expr check) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=no date) -->}}<!--(end ifeq:date=na) -->|<!--(no speakers number to be shown)-->}}}}<!--(end if:speakers (in 2nd param of silver-check), if:silver. end of SPOKEN) -->}} }}<!--(end if:era, if:extinct. No open #if:s left) If there is a ref, and there is any input for this row (data7), then we add the reference: -->{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{date|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|sign_language}}|{{Infobox language/ref|{{{ref}}}|iso3={{{iso3|}}}|refname={{{refname|}}}|name={{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}|lc1={{{lc1|}}}|ld1={{Delink|{{{ld1}}}}}|lc2={{{lc2|}}}|ld2={{Delink|{{{ld2}}}}}|lc3={{{lc3|}}}|ld3={{Delink|{{{ld3}}}}}|lc4={{{lc4|}}}|ld4={{Delink|{{{ld4}}}}}|lc5={{{lc5|}}}|ld5={{Delink|{{{ld5}}}}}|lc6={{{lc6|}}}|ld6={{Delink|{{{ld6}}}}}|lc7={{{lc7|}}}|ld7={{Delink|{{{ld7}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Add speakers2 after the ref: -->{{#if:{{{speakers2|}}}|<br />{{{speakers2|}}} }} | label8 = {{#if:{{{revived|}}} |[[Language revitalization|Revival]]{{#if:{{{revived-category|}}}{{{revived-cat|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{if empty|{{{revived-category|}}}|{{{revived-cat}}}}}|nocat|<!--suppress-->|[[Category:{{if empty|{{{revived-category|}}}|{{{revived-cat}}}}}]]|[[Category:Language revival]]}} }} }} | data8 = {{{revived|}}} | label9 = {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |Purpose |{{longitem|{{Wrap|[[भासाकुलं]]}}}} }} | data9 = {{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{family}}}}}|na||<div style="text-align:left;">{{{family|{{{fam1|{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |''Unknown''{{main other|[[Category:Languages without classification]]}} |{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}} |[[Constructed language]] |{{Infobox language/genetic|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}}}} }} }}}}} <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> {{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Unclassified||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|isolate||{{#ifeq:{{{familycolor|}}}|Isolate||{{#if:{{{fam2|}}} | {{{fam2}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam3|}}} | {{{fam3}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam4|}}} | {{{fam4}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam5|}}} | {{{fam5}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam6|}}} | {{{fam6}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam7|}}} | {{{fam7}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam8|}}} | {{{fam8}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam9|}}} | {{{fam9}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam10|}}} | {{{fam10}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam11|}}} | {{{fam11}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam12|}}} | {{{fam12}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam13|}}} | {{{fam13}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam14|}}} | {{{fam14}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>{{#if:{{{fam15|}}} | {{{fam15}}}<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>'''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}'''</li></ul> | '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }}</li></ul>| '''{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' }} }}}}}}}}</li></ul>}}}</div>}} | label10 = {{longitem|{{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}}|पुब्बरूपानि|पुब्बरूपान}}}} | data10 = {{#if:{{{protoname|}}}{{{ancestor|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{if empty|{{{protoname|}}}|{{{ancestor|}}}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor2|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor2}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor3|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor3}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor4|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor4}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor5|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor5}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor6|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor6}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor7|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor7}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor8|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor8}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor9|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor9}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor10|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor10}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor11|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor11}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor12|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor12}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor13|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor13}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor14|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor14}}} {{#if:{{{ancestor15|}}}|<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li>{{{ancestor15}}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </li></ul>}} </div>}} | label11 = {{longitem|पमाणरूपानि}} | data11 = {{#if:{{{standards|}}}|{{{standards}}} |{{#if:{{{stand1|}}}|{{plainlist| *{{{stand1|}}}{{#if:{{{stand2|}}}| *{{{stand2|}}}|}}{{#if:{{{stand3|}}}| *{{{stand3|}}}|}}{{#if:{{{stand4|}}}| *{{{stand4|}}}|}}{{#if:{{{stand5|}}}| *{{{stand5|}}}|}}{{#if:{{{stand6|}}}| *{{{stand6|}}}}}}}}}}} | label12 = {{if empty|{{{dialect_label|}}}|देसियभासा}} | data12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}|{{{dialects}}} |{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}| {{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|*{{{dia1}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia2|}}}|*{{{dia2}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia3|}}}|*{{{dia3}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia4|}}}|*{{{dia4}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia5|}}}|*{{{dia5}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia6|}}}|*{{{dia6}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia7|}}}|*{{{dia7}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia8|}}}|*{{{dia8}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia9|}}}|*{{{dia9}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia10|}}}|*{{{dia10}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia11|}}}|*{{{dia11}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia12|}}}|*{{{dia12}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia13|}}}|*{{{dia13}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia14|}}}|*{{{dia14}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia15|}}}|*{{{dia15}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia16|}}}|*{{{dia16}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia17|}}}|*{{{dia17}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia18|}}}|*{{{dia18}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia19|}}}|*{{{dia19}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia20|}}}|*{{{dia20}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia21|}}}|*{{{dia21}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia22|}}}|*{{{dia22}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia23|}}}|*{{{dia23}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia24|}}}|*{{{dia24}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia25|}}}|*{{{dia25}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia26|}}}|*{{{dia26}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia27|}}}|*{{{dia27}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia28|}}}|*{{{dia28}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia29|}}}|*{{{dia29}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia30|}}}|*{{{dia30}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia31|}}}|*{{{dia31}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia32|}}}|*{{{dia32}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia33|}}}|*{{{dia33}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia34|}}}|*{{{dia34}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia35|}}}|*{{{dia35}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia36|}}}|*{{{dia36}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia37|}}}|*{{{dia37}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia38|}}}|*{{{dia38}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia39|}}}|*{{{dia39}}}}} {{#if:{{{dia40|}}}|*{{{dia40}}}}} }}}} | rowclass12 = {{#if:{{{dialects|}}}||{{#if:{{{dia1|}}}|{{if empty|{{{listclass|}}}|{{{liststyle|}}}|plainlist}}}}}} | label13 = {{longitem|{{Wrap|[[लिपिकम्मं]]}}}} | data13 = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{script|}}}}} | latin | [[लैटिन]] | latin alphabet | [[लैटिनअक्खरा]] | [[लैटिनअक्खरा|लैटिन]] = [[Latin script|Latin]] | #default = {{{script|}}} }} | label14 = {{longitem|{{Wrap|[[Manually coded language|Signed forms]]}}}} | data14 = {{#if:{{{sign|}}}|{{{sign}}}}} | label15 = सम्भवो | data15 = {{{posteriori|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header16 = {{#if:{{{nation|}}}{{{official|}}}{{{minority|}}}{{{agency|}}}{{{development_body|}}}|धम्मिकट्ठानं}} | label17 = {{longitem|किच्चपयोगो}} | data17 = {{if empty|{{{nation|}}}|{{{official|}}}}} | label18 = {{longitem|class=nowrap|अप्पकभासात्तेन<br />सञ्जाननं}} | data18 = {{#if:{{{minority|}}} |<div style="<!--label17 above almost always linewraps, so:-->vertical-align:middle;">{{{minority}}}</div>}} | label19 = [[:en:List of language regulators|धम्मिकपालको]] | data19 = {{{agency|{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{agency|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{if empty|{{{familycolor|}}}|Default}}}}|#114057|1}}|1|0}} | ''नत्थि'' <!-- | {{#if:{{{nation|}}}|''No official regulation''}} [this ends up claiming that languages have no regulation just because no-one bothered to add the regulator --> }}}}} | label20 = भासासङ्केतानि | data20 = {{{development_body|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | header21 = भासा कोड | label22 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-1]]}} | data22 = {{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso1|}}}}}| 2 | {{ISO 639-1|{{{iso1}}}}} | {{{iso1}}} }}</code> {{{iso1comment|}}}}} | label23 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-2]]}} | data23 = {{#if:{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<code>{{#if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2b|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO 639-2|{{{iso2b}}}}} | {{{iso2b}}} }}&nbsp;([[ISO 639-2/B|पच्चेक सङ्केता]]) |{{#if:{{{signers|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|silver|1}} |{{if empty|{{{iso2|}}}|पच्चेकसङ्केतानि}} |{{ #if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}} |{{if empty|{{{iso2|}}}|art}} |{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO 639-2|{{{iso2}}}}} | {{{iso2}}} }}}}}}}}</code> {{{iso2comment|}}}{{ #if:{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}} |<br /><code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso2t|}}}}}| 3 | {{ISO 639-2|{{{iso2t}}}}} | {{{iso2t}}} }}&nbsp;([[ISO 639-2/T|T]])</code>}} }} | label24 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-3]]}} | data24 = {{#if:{{{iso3|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{iso3|}}}}}|none|{{if empty|{{{iso3comment|}}}|''None'' (<code>mis</code>)}}|<code>{{#ifeq:{{str len|{{{iso3}}}}}| 3 | [[ISO639-3:{{{iso3}}}|{{{iso3}}}]] | {{{iso3}}} }}</code> {{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| – inclusive code<!--not all are 'macrolanguages': Hittite, for example-->}} {{{iso3comment|}}}}}|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}| |–}}}}{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|1|0}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />Individual codes|{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|Variously|Either}}}}:{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc1|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc4|}}}|{{{ld4|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc5|}}}|{{{ld5|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc6|}}}|{{{ld6|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc7|}}}|{{{ld7|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc8|}}}|{{{ld8|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc9|}}}|{{{ld9|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc10|}}}|{{{ld10|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc11|}}}|{{{ld11|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc12|}}}|{{{ld12|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc13|}}}|{{{ld13|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc14|}}}|{{{ld14|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc15|}}}|{{{ld15|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc16|}}}|{{{ld16|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc17|}}}|{{{ld17|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc18|}}}|{{{ld18|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc19|}}}|{{{ld19|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc20|}}}|{{{ld20|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc21|}}}|{{{ld21|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc22|}}}|{{{ld22|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc23|}}}|{{{ld23|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc24|}}}|{{{ld24|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc25|}}}|{{{ld25|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc26|}}}|{{{ld26|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc27|}}}|{{{ld27|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc28|}}}|{{{ld28|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc29|}}}|{{{ld29|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc30|}}}|{{{ld30|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc31|}}}|{{{ld31|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc32|}}}|{{{ld32|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc33|}}}|{{{ld33|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc34|}}}|{{{ld34|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc35|}}}|{{{ld35|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc36|}}}|{{{ld36|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc37|}}}|{{{ld37|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc38|}}}|{{{ld38|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc39|}}}|{{{ld39|}}}}}{{Infobox language/codelist |{{{lc40|}}}|{{{ld40|}}} }} |{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br />Individual code:}}{{Infobox language/codelist|code={{{lc1}}}|2={{{ld1|}}} }} }} }} | label25 = {{nowrap|[[ISO 639-6]]}}<!-- NOTE: ISO 639-6 was withdrawn in 2014.--> | data25 = {{#if:{{{iso6|}}}|<code>{{{iso6}}}</code>[[Category:Languages with ISO6 code]]}} | label26 = {{longitem|[[Linguist List]]}} | data26 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist|}}} |2={{{lingname|}}}}} | label27 = &nbsp; | data27 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist2|}}}|2={{{lingname2|}}}}} | label28 = &nbsp; | data28 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist3|}}}|2={{{lingname3|}}}}} | label29 = &nbsp; | data29 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist4|}}}|2={{{lingname4|}}}}} | label30 = &nbsp; | data30 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist5|}}}|2={{{lingname5|}}}}} | label31 = &nbsp; | data31 = {{Infobox language/linguistlist|1={{{linglist6|}}}|2={{{lingname6|}}}}} | label32 = ''[[Glottolog]]'' | data32 = {{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|none|''None''[[Category:Languages without Glottolog code]]|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{glotto|}}}}}|spurious|(insufficiently attested or not a distinct language){{main other|[[Category:Languages rejected by Glottolog]]}}|<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|<br />|<!--no break when more than one box on a page-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto2}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname2}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto3}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname3}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto4}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname4}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|<br />|<!--no break-->}}<code>{{glottolink|{{{glotto5}}}}}</code>{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}|&nbsp; {{{glottoname5}}}}}}} | label33 = [[Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies|AIATSIS]]{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{#tag:ref|{{AIATSIS|{{{aiatsis|}}}|{{if empty|{{{aiatsisname|}}}|{{{name}}}}}|{{{aiatsis2|}}}}}|name="AIATSIS"}}}} | data33 = {{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|<code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis}}} {{{aiatsis}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis2|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis2}}} {{{aiatsis2}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname2|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname2}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis3|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis3}}} {{{aiatsis3}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname3|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname3}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis4|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis4}}} {{{aiatsis4}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname4|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname4}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis5|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis5}}} {{{aiatsis5}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname5|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname5}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{aiatsis6|}}}|, <code>[https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/{{{aiatsis6}}} {{{aiatsis6}}}]</code>{{#if:{{{aiatsisname6|}}}|&nbsp;{{{aiatsisname6}}}}} }} | label34 = {{longitem|{{Wrap|[[Guthrie classification of Bantu languages|Guthrie code]]}}}} | data34 = {{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<code>{{{guthrie}}}</code><ref name="Guthrie">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180203191542/http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf New Updated Guthrie List Online]</ref>}} | label35 = [[Endangered Languages Project|ELP]] | data35 = {{#ifeq: {{lc: {{{ELP|}}} }} | none | | {{Endangered Languages Project |ELP={{{ELP|}}} |ELPname={{{ELPname|}}} |qid={{{qid|}}} }} }} | label36 = &nbsp;<!--keeps ELP entries aligned--> | data36 = {{#if:{{{ELP2|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP2}}} {{{ELPname2}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label37 = &nbsp; | data37 = {{#if:{{{ELP3|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP3}}} {{{ELPname3}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label38 = &nbsp; | data38 = {{#if:{{{ELP4|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP4}}} {{{ELPname4}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label39 = &nbsp; | data39 = {{#if:{{{ELP5|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP5}}} {{{ELPname5}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label40 = &nbsp; | data40 = {{#if:{{{ELP6|}}}|[https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/{{{ELP6}}} {{{ELPname6}}}]{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with manual ELP links]]}}}} | label41 = [[Glottopedia]] | data41 = {{#if:{{{glottopedia|}}}|<code>[http://www.glottopedia.org/index.php/{{{glottopedia}}} {{{glottopedia}}}]</code>{{#tag:ref|[http://www.glottopedia.org/index.php/{{{glottopedia}}} Glottopedia article on {{PAGENAMEBASE}}].|name="Glottopedia"}}}} | label42 = [[Linguasphere Observatory|Linguasphere]] | data42 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua|}}} |2={{{linguaname|}}}}} | label43 = &nbsp; | data43 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua2|}}}|2={{{linguaname2|}}}}} | label44 = &nbsp; | data44 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua3|}}}|2={{{linguaname3|}}}}} | label45 = &nbsp; | data45 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua4|}}}|2={{{linguaname4|}}}}} | label46 = &nbsp; | data46 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua5|}}}|2={{{linguaname5|}}}}} | label47 = &nbsp; | data47 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua6|}}}|2={{{linguaname6|}}}}} | label48 = &nbsp; | data48 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua7|}}}|2={{{linguaname7|}}}}} | label49 = &nbsp; | data49 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua8|}}}|2={{{linguaname8|}}}}} | label50 = &nbsp; | data50 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua9|}}}|2={{{linguaname9|}}}}} | label51 = &nbsp; | data51 = {{Infobox language/lingualist|1={{{lingua10|}}}|2={{{linguaname10|}}}}} | label52 = [[IETF language tag|IETF]] | data52 = {{#if:{{{ietf|}}}|<code>{{{ietf}}}</code>{{Main other|[[Category:Language articles with IETF language tag]]}}}} | data53 = {{#if:{{{map|}}} |{{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map}}}|upright={{if empty|{{{mapscale|}}}|1.15}}|alt={{{mapalt|}}}|class={{{map_class|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption}}}</div>}}| }} | data54 = {{#if:{{{map2|}}} | {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{map2}}}|upright={{if empty|{{{mapscale|}}}|1.45}}|alt={{{mapalt2|}}}|class={{{map_class2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{mapcaption2|}}}|<div style="text-align:left;">{{{mapcaption2}}}</div>}} }} | data55 = {{#invoke:Location map|infobox_pushpin_map | default_width = 250 | pushpin_alt = Approximate location where {{if empty|{{{name|}}}|the language}} is spoken }} | data56 = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}} |Coordinates: {{#invoke:Coordinates|coordinsert|{{{coordinates|}}}|type:landmark}}| }} | data57 = {{{module|}}} <!---------------------------------------------------------> | belowclass = noprint selfref | belowstyle = background-color:#E7E7FF;color:inherit;padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3; | below = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{if empty|{{{notice|}}}|{{{notice2|}}}}}}}|ipa |'''इमस्मिं आलेखनिय [[:en:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] सरुप्पनसञो वत्तन्ति॥''' सम्मा उपत्थम्भस्स अभावेन यूनिकोड अक्खरानं ठाने ? लक्खणानि। चतुरस्सकानि सञन्तरानि च दिस्सेय्युं॥ IPA सञानं परिचयत्थाय [[Help:IPA]] पस्सथ॥ }} }}<!-- ---- Adding tracking categories ---- Note 1: Above in this code, already tracking [[Category:...]]'s may be added. Note 2: All categories are using {{main other|[[Cat:...]}}. -->{{main other|<!-- -->{{#if:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{creator|}}}||[[Category:Languages without family color codes]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}{{{signers|}}}{{{speakers|}}}{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}||<!-- no main input for data7 -->[[Category:Language articles without speaker estimate]]}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{speakers|}}}|?|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}{{{lc1|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|<!-- ok -->|{{#ifeq:{{{ref|}}}|e18|<!-- ok -->|[[Category:Language articles with unknown population not citing Ethnologue 18]]}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{iso3|}}}}}|none|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}{{{setting|}}}{{#ifeq:{{Infobox language/family-color|{{{familycolor|}}}}}|#114057|1}}|[[Category:Conlangs without ISO 639-3 code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{date|}}}|{{#iferror: {{#expr: {{padleft:|4|{{{date}}}|}} }} |<!-- -->{{#switch: {{lc:{{{date}}}}} | na = [[Category:Language articles with NA population dates]] | no date = [[Category:Language articles with 'no date' set]] | #default = [[Category:Language articles with invalid population dates]]<!-- -->}}|<!-- no error -->}}|<!-- no date -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|<!--ok-->|<!-- -->{{#switch: {{lc:{{{isoexception}}}}} | dialect = [[Category:Dialects of languages with ISO 639-3 code]] | historical = [[Category:Historical forms of languages with ISO codes]] | protolanguage = [[Category:Protolanguages without ISO codes]] | talkpage = |}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{linglist|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{creator|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{created|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code]]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}{{{lc1|}}}{{{glotto|}}}{{{glotto2|}}}{{{glotto3|}}}{{{glotto4|}}}{{{glotto5|}}}{{{linglist|}}}{{{lingua|}}}{{{aiatsis|}}}{{{guthrie|}}}{{{isoexception|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Language articles without language codes]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Languages which need ISO 639-3 comment]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|{{#ifeq:{{{ref|}}}|e18|[[Category:Nonexistent E18 links]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|{{#if:{{{linglist|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{isoexception|}}}|dialect|[[Category:Dialects with Linguist List code]]|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguist List code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{glotto|}}}|none|<!--ok-->||{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguasphere code]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with AIATSIS code]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Guthrie code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<!--okay-->|{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{linglist|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{isoexception|}}}|dialect|[[Category:Dialects with Linguist List code]]|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguist List code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{glotto|}}}|none|<!--ok-->|{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{lingua|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguasphere code]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{aiatsis|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with AIATSIS code]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{guthrie|}}}|[[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Guthrie code]]}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottorefname|}}}{{{glottoname|}}}|<!--ok--> |{{#switch: {{lc:{{{glotto}}}}} |none = |spurious = |#default = [[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto2|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottoname2|}}}{{{glottorefname2|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto3|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottoname3|}}}{{{glottorefname3|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto4|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottoname4|}}}{{{glottorefname4|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto5|}}}|{{#if:{{{glottoname5|}}}{{{glottorefname5|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{Str index|{{{map|}}}|1}}|[|[[Category:Ill-formatted infobox-language images]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{Str index|{{{map2|}}}|1}}|[|[[Category:Ill-formatted infobox-language images]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{Str index|{{{image|}}}|1}}|[|[[Category:Ill-formatted infobox-language images]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso2|}}}{{{iso2b|}}}{{{iso2t|}}}|[[Category:Languages with ISO 639-2 code]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{iso1|}}}|[[Category:Languages with ISO 639-1 code]]|<!--ok-->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{speakers|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers|}}}|?|{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|[[Category:Language articles with speakers set to 'unknown' despite a reference]]|{{#ifeq:{{{isoexception|}}}|dialect|[[Category:Dialect articles with speakers set to 'unknown']]|[[Category:Language articles with speakers set to 'unknown']]}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{speakers|}}}|none|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{familycolor|}}}}}|pidgin|<!--ok: pidgins don't have native speakers-->|[[Category:Language articles with speakers set to 'none']]}}|{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Language articles without reference field]]}}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}|{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|<!--ok-->|{{#ifeq:{{{extinct}}}|?|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Language articles with unreferenced extinction date]]}}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{boxsize|}}}|}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{glotto|}}}{{{glotto2|}}}{{{glotto3|}}}{{{glotto4|}}}{{{glotto5|}}}|<!--ok-->|[[Category:Language articles missing Glottolog code]]}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none|{{#ifeq:{{{glotto|}}}|none|[[Category:Languages with neither ISO nor Glottolog code]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{{iso3|}}}|none||{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{ref|}}}|{{#switch: {{{ref}}} | e26 = | e25 = | e24 = | e23 = | e22 = | e21 = | e20 = | e19 = | e18 = | e17 = | e16 = | e15 = | e14 = | e13 = | e12 = | e11 = | e10 = | e09 = | e08 = | ne2007 = [[Category:Articles citing Nationalencyklopedin]] | ne2010 = [[Category:Articles citing Nationalencyklopedin]] | inali = [[Category:Articles citing INALI]] | linglist = [[Category:Articles citing Linguist List]] | aiatsis= [[Category:Articles citing AIATSIS]] | guthrie = [[Category:Articles citing Maho/Guthrie]] | &nbsp; = [[Category:Articles opting out of population reference]] | {{#if:{{{extinct|}}}{{{era|}}}|[[Category:Extinct ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue]]|[[Category:ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue]]}}}}}}}}}}<!-- Close wrapping {{main other}} for the categories:-->}}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check |unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox language with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}} |preview=Page using [[Template:Infobox language]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| pushpin_map_args = y | acceptance | agency | aiatsis | aiatsis2 | aiatsis3 | aiatsis4 | aiatsis5 | aiatsis6 | aiatsisname | aiatsisname2 | aiatsisname3 | aiatsisname4 | aiatsisname5 | aiatsisname6 | altname | ancestor | ancestor2 | ancestor3 | ancestor4 | ancestor5 | ancestor6 | ancestor7 | ancestor8 | ancestor9 | ancestor10 | ancestor11 | ancestor12 | ancestor13 | ancestor14 | ancestor15 | boxsize | coordinates | created | creator | date | dateprefix | development_body | dia1 | dia2 | dia3 | dia4 | dia5 | dia6 | dia7 | dia8 | dia9 | dia10 | dia11 | dia12 | dia13 | dia14 | dia15 | dia16 | dia17 | dia18 | dia19 | dia20 | dia21 | dia22 | dia23 | dia24 | dia25 | dia26 | dia27 | dia28 | dia29 | dia30 | dia31 | dia32 | dia33 | dia34 | dia35 | dia36 | dia37 | dia38 | dia39 | dia40 | dialect_label | dialects | ELP | ELP2 | ELP3 | ELP4 | ELP5 | ELP6 | ELPname | ELPname2 | ELPname3 | ELPname4 | ELPname5 | ELPname6 | era | ethnicity | extinct | fam1 | fam2 | fam3 | fam4 | fam5 | fam6 | fam7 | fam8 | fam9 | fam10 | fam11 | fam12 | fam13 | fam14 | fam15 | family | familycolor | fontcolor | glotto | glotto2 | glotto3 | glotto4 | glotto5 | glottoname | glottoname2 | glottoname3 | glottoname4 | glottoname5 | glottopedia | glottorefname | glottorefname2 | glottorefname3 | glottorefname4 | glottorefname5 | guthrie | ietf | image | imagealt | imagecaption | imagescale | image_class | iso1 | iso1comment | iso2 | iso2b | iso2comment | iso2t | iso3 | iso3comment | iso6 | isoexception | lc1 | lc2 | lc3 | lc4 | lc5 | lc6 | lc7 | lc8 | lc9 | lc10 | lc11 | lc12 | lc13 | lc14 | lc15 | lc16 | lc17 | lc18 | lc19 | lc20 | lc21 | lc22 | lc23 | lc24 | lc25 | lc26 | lc27 | lc28 | lc29 | lc30 | lc31 | lc32 | lc33 | lc34 | lc35 | lc36 | lc37 | lc38 | lc39 | lc40 | ld1 | ld2 | ld3 | ld4 | ld5 | ld6 | ld7 | ld8 | ld9 | ld10 | ld11 | ld12 | ld13 | ld14 | ld15 | ld16 | ld17 | ld18 | ld19 | ld20 | ld21 | ld22 | ld23 | ld24 | ld25 | ld26 | ld27 | ld28 | ld29 | ld30 | ld31 | ld32 | ld33 | ld34 | ld35 | ld36 | ld37 | ld38 | ld39 | ld40 | linglist | linglist2 | linglist3 | linglist4 | linglist5 | linglist6 | lingname | lingname2 | lingname3 | lingname4 | lingname5 | lingname6 | lingua | lingua2 | lingua3 | lingua4 | lingua5 | lingua6 | lingua7 | lingua8 | lingua9 | lingua10 | linguaname | linguaname2 | linguaname3 | linguaname4 | linguaname5 | linguaname6 | linguaname7 | linguaname8 | linguaname9 | linguaname10 | listclass | liststyle | map | map2 | mapalt | mapalt2 | mapcaption | mapcaption2 | map_class | map_class2 | mapscale | minority | module | name | nation | nativename | notice | notice2 | official | posteriori | pronunciation | protoname | qid | ref | refname | region | revived | revived-cat | revived-category | script | setting | sign | signers | speakers | speakers_label | speakers2 | stand1 | stand2 | stand3 | stand4 | stand5 | stand6 | standards | state | states }}<templatestyles src="Template:Infobox/styles-images.css" />{{#invoke:Check for conflicting parameters|check | template = [[Template:Infobox language]] | cat = {{main other|Category:Pages using infobox language with conflicting parameters}} | states; state | signers; speakers | revived-category; revived-cat | protoname; ancestor | listclass; liststyle | nation; official }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> s6ji2d4js6i6wn6ovgyevjifuqyob98 828 7537 104373 104303 2026-09-13T12:12:56Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104373 Scribunto text/plain --[[ This module is intended to replace the functionality of {{Coord}} and related templates. It provides several methods, including {{#invoke:Coordinates | coord }} : General function formatting and displaying coordinate values. {{#invoke:Coordinates | dec2dms }} : Simple function for converting decimal degree values to DMS format. {{#invoke:Coordinates | dms2dec }} : Simple function for converting DMS format to decimal degree format. {{#invoke:Coordinates | link }} : Export the link used to reach the tools ]] require('strict') local math_mod = require("Module:Math") local coordinates = {}; local current_page = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local page_name = mw.uri.encode( current_page.prefixedText, 'WIKI' ); local coord_link = '//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=' .. page_name .. '&params=' local templatestyles = 'Module:Coordinates/styles.css' --[[ Helper function, replacement for {{coord/display/title}} ]] local function displaytitle(s, notes) local l = "[[पथवीविज्जा अक्खं|ठानन्तरं]]: " .. s local co = '<span id="coordinates">' .. l .. notes .. '</span>'; return '<span style="font-size: small;">' .. co .. '</span>'; end --[[ Helper function, Replacement for {{coord/display/inline}} ]] local function displayinline(s, notes) return s .. notes end --[[ Helper function, used in detecting DMS formatting ]] local function dmsTest(first, second) if type(first) ~= 'string' or type(second) ~= 'string' then return nil end local s = (first .. second):upper() return s:find('^[NS][EW]$') or s:find('^[EW][NS]$') end --[[ Wrapper function to grab args, see Module:Arguments for this function's documentation. ]] local function makeInvokeFunc(funcName) return function (frame) local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame, { wrappers = 'Template:Coord' }) return coordinates[funcName](args, frame) end end --[[ Helper function, handle optional args. ]] local function optionalArg(arg, supplement) return arg and arg .. supplement or '' end --[[ Formats any error messages generated for display ]] local function errorPrinter(errors) local result = "" for i,v in ipairs(errors) do local errorHTML = '<strong class="error">Coordinates: ' .. v[2] .. '</strong>' result = result .. errorHTML .. "<br />" end return result end --[[ Determine the required CSS class to display coordinates Usually geo-nondefault is hidden by CSS, unless a user has overridden this for himself default is the mode as specificied by the user when calling the {{coord}} template mode is the display mode (dec or dms) that we will need to determine the css class for ]] local function displayDefault(default, mode) if default == "" then default = "dec" end if default == mode then return "geo-default" else return "geo-nondefault" end end --[[ specPrinter Output formatter. Takes the structure generated by either parseDec or parseDMS and formats it for inclusion on Wikipedia. ]] local function specPrinter(args, coordinateSpec) local uriComponents = coordinateSpec["param"] if uriComponents == "" then -- RETURN error, should never be empty or nil return "ERROR param was empty" end if args["name"] then uriComponents = uriComponents .. "&title=" .. mw.uri.encode(coordinateSpec["name"]) end local geodmshtml = '<span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">' .. '<span class="latitude">' .. coordinateSpec["dms-lat"] .. '</span> ' .. '<span class="longitude">' ..coordinateSpec["dms-long"] .. '</span>' .. '</span>' local lat = tonumber( coordinateSpec["dec-lat"] ) or 0 local geodeclat if lat < 0 then -- FIXME this breaks the pre-existing precision geodeclat = tostring(coordinateSpec["dec-lat"]):sub(2) .. "°S" else geodeclat = (coordinateSpec["dec-lat"] or 0) .. "°N" end local long = tonumber( coordinateSpec["dec-long"] ) or 0 local geodeclong if long < 0 then -- FIXME does not handle unicode minus geodeclong = tostring(coordinateSpec["dec-long"]):sub(2) .. "°W" else geodeclong = (coordinateSpec["dec-long"] or 0) .. "°E" end local geodechtml = '<span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">' .. geodeclat .. ' ' .. geodeclong .. '</span>' local geonumhtml = '<span class="geo">' .. coordinateSpec["dec-lat"] .. '; ' .. coordinateSpec["dec-long"] .. '</span>' local inner = '<span class="' .. displayDefault(coordinateSpec["default"], "dms" ) .. '">' .. geodmshtml .. '</span>' .. '<span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span>' .. '<span class="' .. displayDefault(coordinateSpec["default"], "dec" ) .. '">'; if not args["name"] then inner = inner .. geodechtml .. '<span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / ' .. geonumhtml .. '</span></span>' else inner = inner .. '<span class="vcard">' .. geodechtml .. '<span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / ' .. geonumhtml .. '</span>' .. '<span style="display:none">&#xfeff; (<span class="fn org">' .. args["name"] .. '</span>)</span></span></span>' end return mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag{ name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = templatestyles} } .. '<span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">' .. '[' .. coord_link .. uriComponents .. ' ' .. inner .. ']' .. '</span>' end --[[ Helper function, convert decimal to degrees ]] local function convert_dec2dms_d(coordinate) local d = math_mod._round( coordinate, 0 ) .. "°" return d .. "" end --[[ Helper function, convert decimal to degrees and minutes ]] local function convert_dec2dms_dm(coordinate) coordinate = math_mod._round( coordinate * 60, 0 ); local m = coordinate % 60; coordinate = math.floor( (coordinate - m) / 60 ); local d = coordinate % 360 .."°" return d .. string.format( "%02d′", m ) end --[[ Helper function, convert decimal to degrees, minutes, and seconds ]] local function convert_dec2dms_dms(coordinate) coordinate = math_mod._round( coordinate * 60 * 60, 0 ); local s = coordinate % 60 coordinate = math.floor( (coordinate - s) / 60 ); local m = coordinate % 60 coordinate = math.floor( (coordinate - m) / 60 ); local d = coordinate % 360 .."°" return d .. string.format( "%02d′", m ) .. string.format( "%02d″", s ) end --[[ Helper function, convert decimal latitude or longitude to degrees, minutes, and seconds format based on the specified precision. ]] local function convert_dec2dms(coordinate, firstPostfix, secondPostfix, precision) local coord = tonumber(coordinate) local postfix if coord >= 0 then postfix = firstPostfix else postfix = secondPostfix end precision = precision:lower(); if precision == "dms" then return convert_dec2dms_dms( math.abs( coord ) ) .. postfix; elseif precision == "dm" then return convert_dec2dms_dm( math.abs( coord ) ) .. postfix; elseif precision == "d" then return convert_dec2dms_d( math.abs( coord ) ) .. postfix; end end --[[ Convert DMS format into a N or E decimal coordinate ]] local function convert_dms2dec(direction, degrees_str, minutes_str, seconds_str) local degrees = tonumber(degrees_str) local minutes = tonumber(minutes_str) or 0 local seconds = tonumber(seconds_str) or 0 local factor = 1 if direction == "S" or direction == "W" then factor = -1 end local precision = 0 if seconds_str then precision = 5 + math.max( math_mod._precision(seconds_str), 0 ); elseif minutes_str and minutes_str ~= '' then precision = 3 + math.max( math_mod._precision(minutes_str), 0 ); else precision = math.max( math_mod._precision(degrees_str), 0 ); end local decimal = factor * (degrees+(minutes+seconds/60)/60) return string.format( "%." .. precision .. "f", decimal ) -- not tonumber since this whole thing is string based. end --[[ Checks input values to for out of range errors. ]] local function validate( lat_d, lat_m, lat_s, long_d, long_m, long_s, source, strong ) local errors = {}; lat_d = tonumber( lat_d ) or 0; lat_m = tonumber( lat_m ) or 0; lat_s = tonumber( lat_s ) or 0; long_d = tonumber( long_d ) or 0; long_m = tonumber( long_m ) or 0; long_s = tonumber( long_s ) or 0; if strong then if lat_d < 0 then table.insert(errors, {source, "latitude degrees < 0 with hemisphere flag"}) end if long_d < 0 then table.insert(errors, {source, "longitude degrees < 0 with hemisphere flag"}) end --[[ #coordinates is inconsistent about whether this is an error. If globe: is specified, it won't error on this condition, but otherwise it will. For not simply disable this check. if long_d > 180 then table.insert(errors, {source, "longitude degrees > 180 with hemisphere flag"}) end ]] end if lat_d > 90 then table.insert(errors, {source, "latitude degrees > 90"}) end if lat_d < -90 then table.insert(errors, {source, "latitude degrees < -90"}) end if lat_m >= 60 then table.insert(errors, {source, "latitude minutes >= 60"}) end if lat_m < 0 then table.insert(errors, {source, "latitude minutes < 0"}) end if lat_s >= 60 then table.insert(errors, {source, "latitude seconds >= 60"}) end if lat_s < 0 then table.insert(errors, {source, "latitude seconds < 0"}) end if long_d >= 360 then table.insert(errors, {source, "longitude degrees >= 360"}) end if long_d <= -360 then table.insert(errors, {source, "longitude degrees <= -360"}) end if long_m >= 60 then table.insert(errors, {source, "longitude minutes >= 60"}) end if long_m < 0 then table.insert(errors, {source, "longitude minutes < 0"}) end if long_s >= 60 then table.insert(errors, {source, "longitude seconds >= 60"}) end if long_s < 0 then table.insert(errors, {source, "longitude seconds < 0"}) end return errors; end --[[ parseDec Transforms decimal format latitude and longitude into the structure to be used in displaying coordinates ]] local function parseDec( lat, long, format ) local coordinateSpec = {} local errors = {} if not long then return nil, {{"parseDec", "Missing longitude"}} elseif not tonumber(long) then return nil, {{"parseDec", "Longitude could not be parsed as a number: " .. long}} end errors = validate( lat, nil, nil, long, nil, nil, 'parseDec', false ); coordinateSpec["dec-lat"] = lat; coordinateSpec["dec-long"] = long; local mode = coordinates.determineMode( lat, long ); coordinateSpec["dms-lat"] = convert_dec2dms( lat, "N", "S", mode) -- {{coord/dec2dms|{{{1}}}|N|S|{{coord/prec dec|{{{1}}}|{{{2}}}}}}} coordinateSpec["dms-long"] = convert_dec2dms( long, "E", "W", mode) -- {{coord/dec2dms|{{{2}}}|E|W|{{coord/prec dec|{{{1}}}|{{{2}}}}}}} if format then coordinateSpec.default = format else coordinateSpec.default = "dec" end return coordinateSpec, errors end --[[ parseDMS Transforms degrees, minutes, seconds format latitude and longitude into the a structure to be used in displaying coordinates ]] local function parseDMS( lat_d, lat_m, lat_s, lat_f, long_d, long_m, long_s, long_f, format ) local coordinateSpec, errors, backward = {}, {} lat_f = lat_f:upper(); long_f = long_f:upper(); -- Check if specified backward if lat_f == 'E' or lat_f == 'W' then lat_d, long_d, lat_m, long_m, lat_s, long_s, lat_f, long_f, backward = long_d, lat_d, long_m, lat_m, long_s, lat_s, long_f, lat_f, true; end errors = validate( lat_d, lat_m, lat_s, long_d, long_m, long_s, 'parseDMS', true ); if not long_d then return nil, {{"parseDMS", "Missing longitude" }} elseif not tonumber(long_d) then return nil, {{"parseDMS", "Longitude could not be parsed as a number:" .. long_d }} end if not lat_m and not lat_s and not long_m and not long_s and #errors == 0 then if math_mod._precision( lat_d ) > 0 or math_mod._precision( long_d ) > 0 then if lat_f:upper() == 'S' then lat_d = '-' .. lat_d; end if long_f:upper() == 'W' then long_d = '-' .. long_d; end return parseDec( lat_d, long_d, format ); end end coordinateSpec["dms-lat"] = lat_d.."°"..optionalArg(lat_m,"′") .. optionalArg(lat_s,"″") .. lat_f coordinateSpec["dms-long"] = long_d.."°"..optionalArg(long_m,"′") .. optionalArg(long_s,"″") .. long_f coordinateSpec["dec-lat"] = convert_dms2dec(lat_f, lat_d, lat_m, lat_s) -- {{coord/dms2dec|{{{4}}}|{{{1}}}|0{{{2}}}|0{{{3}}}}} coordinateSpec["dec-long"] = convert_dms2dec(long_f, long_d, long_m, long_s) -- {{coord/dms2dec|{{{8}}}|{{{5}}}|0{{{6}}}|0{{{7}}}}} if format then coordinateSpec.default = format else coordinateSpec.default = "dms" end return coordinateSpec, errors, backward end --[[ Check the input arguments for coord to determine the kind of data being provided and then make the necessary processing. ]] local function formatTest(args) local result, errors local backward, primary = false, false local function getParam(args, lim) local ret = {} for i = 1, lim do ret[i] = args[i] or '' end return table.concat(ret, '_') end if not args[1] then -- no lat logic return errorPrinter( {{"formatTest", "Missing latitude"}} ) elseif not tonumber(args[1]) then -- bad lat logic return errorPrinter( {{"formatTest", "Unable to parse latitude as a number:" .. args[1]}} ) elseif not args[4] and not args[5] and not args[6] then -- dec logic result, errors = parseDec(args[1], args[2], args.format) if not result then return errorPrinter(errors); end -- formatting for geohack: geohack expects D_N_D_E notation or D;D notation -- wikiminiatlas doesn't support D;D notation -- #coordinates parserfunction doesn't support negative decimals with NSWE result.param = table.concat({ math.abs(tonumber(args[1])), ((tonumber(args[1]) or 0) < 0) and 'S' or 'N', math.abs(tonumber(args[2])), ((tonumber(args[2]) or 0) < 0) and 'W' or 'E', args[3] or ''}, '_') elseif dmsTest(args[4], args[8]) then -- dms logic result, errors, backward = parseDMS(args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5], args[6], args[7], args[8], args.format) if args[10] then table.insert(errors, {'formatTest', 'Extra unexpected parameters'}) end if not result then return errorPrinter(errors) end result.param = getParam(args, 9) elseif dmsTest(args[3], args[6]) then -- dm logic result, errors, backward = parseDMS(args[1], args[2], nil, args[3], args[4], args[5], nil, args[6], args['format']) if args[8] then table.insert(errors, {'formatTest', 'Extra unexpected parameters'}) end if not result then return errorPrinter(errors) end result.param = getParam(args, 7) elseif dmsTest(args[2], args[4]) then -- d logic result, errors, backward = parseDMS(args[1], nil, nil, args[2], args[3], nil, nil, args[4], args.format) if args[6] then table.insert(errors, {'formatTest', 'Extra unexpected parameters'}) end if not result then return errorPrinter(errors) end result.param = getParam(args, 5) else -- Error return errorPrinter({{"formatTest", "Unknown argument format"}}) .. ' ' end result.name = args.name local extra_param = {'dim', 'globe', 'scale', 'region', 'source', 'type'} for _, v in ipairs(extra_param) do if args[v] then table.insert(errors, {'formatTest', 'Parameter: "' .. v .. '=" should be "' .. v .. ':"' }) end end local ret = specPrinter(args, result) if #errors > 0 then ret = ret .. ' ' .. errorPrinter(errors) .. '[[Category:Pages with malformed coordinate tags]]' end return ret, backward end --[[ Generate Wikidata tracking categories. ]] local function makeWikidataCategories(qid) local ret local qid = qid or mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() if mw.wikibase and current_page.namespace == 0 then if qid and mw.wikibase.entityExists(qid) and mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P625") and mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P625")[1] then local snaktype = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P625")[1].mainsnak.snaktype if snaktype == 'value' then -- coordinates exist both here and on Wikidata, and can be compared. ret = 'Coordinates on Wikidata' elseif snaktype == 'somevalue' then ret = 'Coordinates on Wikidata set to unknown value' elseif snaktype == 'novalue' then ret = 'Coordinates on Wikidata set to no value' end else -- We have to either import the coordinates to Wikidata or remove them here. ret = 'Coordinates not in Wikidata' end end if ret then return string.format('[[Category:%s]]', ret) else return '' end end --[[ link Simple function to export the coordinates link for other uses. Usage: {{#invoke:Coordinates | link }} ]] function coordinates.link(frame) return coord_link; end --[[ dec2dms Wrapper to allow templates to call dec2dms directly. Usage: {{#invoke:Coordinates | dec2dms | decimal_coordinate | positive_suffix | negative_suffix | precision }} decimal_coordinate is converted to DMS format. If positive, the positive_suffix is appended (typical N or E), if negative, the negative suffix is appended. The specified precision is one of 'D', 'DM', or 'DMS' to specify the level of detail to use. ]] coordinates.dec2dms = makeInvokeFunc('_dec2dms') function coordinates._dec2dms(args) local coordinate = args[1] local firstPostfix = args[2] or '' local secondPostfix = args[3] or '' local precision = args[4] or '' return convert_dec2dms(coordinate, firstPostfix, secondPostfix, precision) end --[[ Helper function to determine whether to use D, DM, or DMS format depending on the precision of the decimal input. ]] function coordinates.determineMode( value1, value2 ) local precision = math.max( math_mod._precision( value1 ), math_mod._precision( value2 ) ); if precision <= 0 then return 'd' elseif precision <= 2 then return 'dm'; else return 'dms'; end end --[[ dms2dec Wrapper to allow templates to call dms2dec directly. Usage: {{#invoke:Coordinates | dms2dec | direction_flag | degrees | minutes | seconds }} Converts DMS values specified as degrees, minutes, seconds too decimal format. direction_flag is one of N, S, E, W, and determines whether the output is positive (i.e. N and E) or negative (i.e. S and W). ]] coordinates.dms2dec = makeInvokeFunc('_dms2dec') function coordinates._dms2dec(args) local direction = args[1] local degrees = args[2] local minutes = args[3] local seconds = args[4] return convert_dms2dec(direction, degrees, minutes, seconds) end --[[ coord Main entry point for Lua function to replace {{coord}} Usage: {{#invoke:Coordinates | coord }} {{#invoke:Coordinates | coord | lat | long }} {{#invoke:Coordinates | coord | lat | lat_flag | long | long_flag }} ... Refer to {{coord}} documentation page for many additional parameters and configuration options. Note: This function provides the visual display elements of {{coord}}. In order to load coordinates into the database, the {{#coordinates:}} parser function must also be called, this is done automatically in the Lua version of {{coord}}. ]] coordinates.coord = makeInvokeFunc('_coord') function coordinates._coord(args) if not tonumber(args[1]) and not args[2] then args[3] = args[1]; args[1] = nil local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(args.qid) if entity and entity.claims and entity.claims.P625 and entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.snaktype == 'value' then local precision = entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.precision args[1] = entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.latitude args[2] = entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.longitude if precision then precision = -math_mod._round(math.log(precision)/math.log(10),0) args[1] = math_mod._round(args[1],precision) args[2] = math_mod._round(args[2],precision) end end end local contents, backward = formatTest(args) local Notes = args.notes or '' local Display = args.display and args.display:lower() or 'inline' local function isInline(s) -- Finds whether coordinates are displayed inline. return s:find('inline') ~= nil or s == 'i' or s == 'it' or s == 'ti' end local function isInTitle(s) -- Finds whether coordinates are displayed in the title. return s:find('title') ~= nil or s == 't' or s == 'it' or s == 'ti' end local function coord_wrapper(in_args) -- Calls the parser function {{#coordinates:}}. return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction('#coordinates', in_args) or '' end local text = '' if isInline(Display) then text = text .. displayinline(contents, Notes) end if isInTitle(Display) then text = text .. displaytitle(contents, Notes) .. makeWikidataCategories(args.qid) end if not args.nosave then local page_title, count = mw.title.getCurrentTitle(), 1 if backward then local tmp = {} while not string.find((args[count-1] or ''), '[EW]') do tmp[count] = (args[count] or ''); count = count+1 end tmp.count = count; count = 2*(count-1) while count >= tmp.count do table.insert(tmp, 1, (args[count] or '')); count = count-1 end for i, v in ipairs(tmp) do args[i] = v end else while count <= 9 do args[count] = (args[count] or ''); count = count+1 end end if isInTitle(Display) and not page_title.isTalkPage and page_title.subpageText ~= 'doc' and page_title.subpageText ~= 'testcases' then args[10] = 'primary' end args.notes, args.format, args.display = nil text = text .. coord_wrapper(args) end return text end --[[ coord2text Extracts a single value from a transclusion of {{Coord}}. IF THE GEOHACK LINK SYNTAX CHANGES THIS FUNCTION MUST BE MODIFIED. Usage: {{#invoke:Coordinates | coord2text | {{Coord}} | parameter }} Valid values for the second parameter are: lat (signed integer), long (signed integer), type, scale, dim, region, globe, source ]] function coordinates.coord2text(frame) if frame.args[1] == '' or frame.args[2] == '' or not frame.args[2] then return nil end frame.args[2] = mw.text.trim(frame.args[2]) if frame.args[2] == 'lat' or frame.args[2] == 'long' then local result, negative = mw.text.split((mw.ustring.match(frame.args[1],'[%.%d]+°[NS] [%.%d]+°[EW]') or ''), ' ') if frame.args[2] == 'lat' then result, negative = result[1], 'S' else result, negative = result[2], 'W' end result = mw.text.split(result, '°') if result[2] == negative then result[1] = '-'..result[1] end return result[1] else return mw.ustring.match(frame.args[1], 'params=.-_'..frame.args[2]..':(.-)[ _]') end end --[[ coordinsert Injects some text into the Geohack link of a transclusion of {{Coord}} (if that text isn't already in the transclusion). Outputs the modified transclusion of {{Coord}}. IF THE GEOHACK LINK SYNTAX CHANGES THIS FUNCTION MUST BE MODIFIED. Usage: {{#invoke:Coordinates | coordinsert | {{Coord}} | parameter:value | parameter:value | … }} Do not make Geohack unhappy by inserting something which isn't mentioned in the {{Coord}} documentation. ]] function coordinates.coordinsert(frame) for i, v in ipairs(frame.args) do if i ~= 1 then if not mw.ustring.find(frame.args[1], (mw.ustring.match(frame.args[i], '^(.-:)') or '')) then frame.args[1] = mw.ustring.gsub(frame.args[1], '(params=.-)_? ', '%1_'..frame.args[i]..' ') end end end if frame.args.name then if not mw.ustring.find(frame.args[1], '<span class="vcard">') then local namestr = frame.args.name frame.args[1] = mw.ustring.gsub(frame.args[1], '(<span class="geo%-default">)(<span[^<>]*>[^<>]*</span><span[^<>]*>[^<>]*<span[^<>]*>[^<>]*</span></span>)(</span>)', '%1<span class="vcard">%2<span style="display:none">&#xfeff; (<span class="fn org">' .. namestr .. '</span>)</span></span>%3') frame.args[1] = mw.ustring.gsub(frame.args[1], '(&params=[^&"<>%[%] ]*) ', '%1&title=' .. mw.uri.encode(namestr) .. ' ') end end return frame.args[1] end return coordinates cifqf6fsrvgikebdj57ed78bccir7p1 0 7571 104384 104363 2026-09-13T12:55:53Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104384 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ id98lmh67uao3ki0xxavk8io0mysx3w 104404 104384 2026-09-13T14:32:01Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ f5wza7plmxiek36v4mlb88btcwepplu 104405 104404 2026-09-13T15:11:50Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ q9g8kswavd5qioess4l2lmwxqua83iy 104406 104405 2026-09-13T17:10:04Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104406 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ मूलसरेसु ६ सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}" ति एते रस्ससरा नाम होन्ति॥ "आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति एते दीघसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}" ति पठमं यूयं॥ "इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति दुतियं यूयं॥ "उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति ततियं यूयं॥ एवं मूलसरा (६) तयो रस्सदीघयुगळा होन्ति॥ # मूलसरा : अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}} # गुणसरा: ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}၊ ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} d7vm32mxwtb54ihxk25hvskvsym816h 104408 104406 2026-09-14T01:43:06Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}"}} सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ मूलसरेसु ६ सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}" ति एते रस्ससरा नाम होन्ति॥ "आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति एते दीघसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}" ति पठमं यूयं॥ "इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति दुतियं यूयं॥ "उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति ततियं यूयं॥ एवं मूलसरा (६) तयो रस्सदीघयुगळा होन्ति॥ # मूलसरा : अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}} # गुणसरा: ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}၊ ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} ===ब्यञ्जनानि ३३=== ब्यञ्जनानि वग्गब्यञ्जनं च अवग्गब्यञ्जनञ्च ति द्विधा ठितानि॥ '''<nowiki/>'वग्गब्यञ्जनं'<nowiki/>''' नाम वग्ग आकारेन संगहितानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ '''<nowiki/>'अवग्गब्यञ्जनं'''' नाम वग्गतो मुत्तानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ वग्गब्यञ्जनानि पञ्चवीसति (२५)। अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि अट्ठ (८) होन्ति॥ तानि ब्यञ्जनानि अेतेनाकारेन तिट्ठन्ति॥ gg9us4xdgi8z6zfirn3mh88ku82a4zf 104409 104408 2026-09-14T05:59:29Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}"}} सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ मूलसरेसु ६ सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}" ति एते रस्ससरा नाम होन्ति॥ "आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति एते दीघसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}" ति पठमं यूयं॥ "इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति दुतियं यूयं॥ "उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति ततियं यूयं॥ एवं मूलसरा (६) तयो रस्सदीघयुगळा होन्ति॥ # मूलसरा : अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}} # गुणसरा: ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}၊ ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} ===ब्यञ्जनानि ३३=== ब्यञ्जनानि वग्गब्यञ्जनं च अवग्गब्यञ्जनञ्च ति द्विधा ठितानि॥ '''<nowiki/>'वग्गब्यञ्जनं'<nowiki/>''' नाम वग्ग आकारेन संगहितानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ '''<nowiki/>'अवग्गब्यञ्जनं'''' नाम वग्गतो मुत्तानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ वग्गब्यञ्जनानि पञ्चवीसति (२५)। अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि अट्ठ (८) होन्ति॥ तानि ब्यञ्जनानि अेतेनाकारेन तिट्ठन्ति॥ ===वग्गब्यञ्जनानि २५=== {| class="wikitable" |+ !ठानानि !पथम !दुतिय !ततिय !चतुत्थ !पञ्चम !वग्गो |- |१ कण्ठजं (कण्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |क (ka){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-က.wav|listen}} |ख (kha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ခ.wav|listen}} |ग (ga){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဂ.wav|listen}} |घ (gha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဃ.wav|listen}} |ङ (ṅa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၚ.wav|listen}} |(क वग्गो) |- |२ तालुजं (तालुस्मिं भवा अक्खरा) |च (ca){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-စ.wav|listen}} |छ (cha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဆ.wav|listen}} |ज (ja){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဇ.wav|listen}} |झ (jha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၛ.wav|listen}} |ञ्ञ ('''ñ'''a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ည.wav|listen}} |(च वग्गो) |- |३ मुद्धजं (လमुद्धनि भवा अक्खरा) |ဋ (ṭa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဋ.wav|listen}} |ဌ (ṭha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဌ.wav|listen}} |ဍ (ḍa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဍ.wav|listen}} |ဎ (ḍha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဎ.wav|listen}} |ဏ (ṇa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဏ.wav|listen}} |(ट वग्गो) |- |४ दन्तज (दन्तेसु भवा अक्खरा) |त (ta){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-တ.wav|listen}} |थ (tha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ထ.wav|listen}} |द (da){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဒ.wav|listen}} |ध (dha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-န.wav|listen}} |न (na){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-န.wav|listen}} |(त वग्गो) |- |५ ओट्ठजं (ओट्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |प (pa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ပ.wav|listen}} |फ (pha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဖ.wav|listen}} |ब (ba){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဗ.wav|listen}} |भ (bha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဘ.wav|listen}} |म (ma){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-မ.wav|listen}} |(प वग्गो) |} 10hjzuwi2wg6bfuwv5hl0x49z3uswhc 104410 104409 2026-09-14T06:02:23Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}"}} सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ मूलसरेसु ६ सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}" ति एते रस्ससरा नाम होन्ति॥ "आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति एते दीघसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}" ति पठमं यूयं॥ "इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति दुतियं यूयं॥ "उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति ततियं यूयं॥ एवं मूलसरा (६) तयो रस्सदीघयुगळा होन्ति॥ # मूलसरा : अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}} # गुणसरा: ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}၊ ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} ===ब्यञ्जनानि ३३=== ब्यञ्जनानि वग्गब्यञ्जनं च अवग्गब्यञ्जनञ्च ति द्विधा ठितानि॥ '''<nowiki/>'वग्गब्यञ्जनं'<nowiki/>''' नाम वग्ग आकारेन संगहितानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ '''<nowiki/>'अवग्गब्यञ्जनं'''' नाम वग्गतो मुत्तानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ वग्गब्यञ्जनानि पञ्चवीसति (२५)। अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि अट्ठ (८) होन्ति॥ तानि ब्यञ्जनानि अेतेनाकारेन तिट्ठन्ति॥ ===वग्गब्यञ्जनानि २५=== {| class="wikitable" |+ !ठानानि !पथम !दुतिय !ततिय !चतुत्थ !पञ्चम !वग्गो |- |१ कण्ठजं (कण्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |क (ka){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-က.wav|listen}} |ख (kha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ခ.wav|listen}} |ग (ga){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဂ.wav|listen}} |घ (gha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဃ.wav|listen}} |ङ (ṅa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၚ.wav|listen}} |(क वग्गो) |- |२ तालुजं (तालुस्मिं भवा अक्खरा) |च (ca){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-စ.wav|listen}} |छ (cha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဆ.wav|listen}} |ज (ja){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဇ.wav|listen}} |झ (jha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၛ.wav|listen}} |ञ्ञ ('''ñ'''a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ည.wav|listen}} |(च वग्गो) |- |३ मुद्धजं ( मुद्धनि भवा अक्खरा) |ट (ṭa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဋ.wav|listen}} |ठ (ṭha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဌ.wav|listen}} |ड (ḍa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဍ.wav|listen}} |ढ (ḍha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဎ.wav|listen}} |ण (ṇa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဏ.wav|listen}} |(ट वग्गो) |- |४ दन्तज (दन्तेसु भवा अक्खरा) |त (ta){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-တ.wav|listen}} |थ (tha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ထ.wav|listen}} |द (da){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဒ.wav|listen}} |ध (dha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-န.wav|listen}} |न (na){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-န.wav|listen}} |(त वग्गो) |- |५ ओट्ठजं (ओट्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |प (pa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ပ.wav|listen}} |फ (pha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဖ.wav|listen}} |ब (ba){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဗ.wav|listen}} |भ (bha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဘ.wav|listen}} |म (ma){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-မ.wav|listen}} |(प वग्गो) |} t276yvfyaqvtrt05wxcmn9cwmazau2u 104411 104410 2026-09-14T06:03:55Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}"}} सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ मूलसरेसु ६ सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}" ति एते रस्ससरा नाम होन्ति॥ "आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति एते दीघसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}" ति पठमं यूयं॥ "इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति दुतियं यूयं॥ "उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति ततियं यूयं॥ एवं मूलसरा (६) तयो रस्सदीघयुगळा होन्ति॥ # मूलसरा : अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}} # गुणसरा: ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}၊ ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} ===ब्यञ्जनानि ३३=== ब्यञ्जनानि वग्गब्यञ्जनं च अवग्गब्यञ्जनञ्च ति द्विधा ठितानि॥ '''<nowiki/>'वग्गब्यञ्जनं'<nowiki/>''' नाम वग्ग आकारेन संगहितानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ '''<nowiki/>'अवग्गब्यञ्जनं'''' नाम वग्गतो मुत्तानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ वग्गब्यञ्जनानि पञ्चवीसति (२५)। अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि अट्ठ (८) होन्ति॥ तानि ब्यञ्जनानि अेतेनाकारेन तिट्ठन्ति॥ ===वग्गब्यञ्जनानि २५=== {| class="wikitable" |+ !ठानानि !पथम !दुतिय !ततिय !चतुत्थ !पञ्चम !वग्गो |- |१ कण्ठजं (कण्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |क (ka){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-က.wav|listen}} |ख (kha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ခ.wav|listen}} |ग (ga){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဂ.wav|listen}} |घ (gha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဃ.wav|listen}} |ङ (ṅa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၚ.wav|listen}} |(क वग्गो) |- |२ तालुजं (तालुस्मिं भवा अक्खरा) |च (ca){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-စ.wav|listen}} |छ (cha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဆ.wav|listen}} |ज (ja){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဇ.wav|listen}} |झ (jha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၛ.wav|listen}} |ञ्ञ ('''ñ'''a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ည.wav|listen}} |(च वग्गो) |- |३ मुद्धजं ( मुद्धनि भवा अक्खरा) |ट (ṭa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဋ.wav|listen}} |ठ (ṭha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဌ.wav|listen}} |ड (ḍa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဍ.wav|listen}} |ढ (ḍha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဎ.wav|listen}} |ण (ṇa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဏ.wav|listen}} |(ट वग्गो) |- |४ दन्तज (दन्तेसु भवा अक्खरा) |त (ta){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-တ.wav|listen}} |थ (tha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ထ.wav|listen}} |द (da){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဒ.wav|listen}} |ध (dha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဓ.wav|listen}} |न (na){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-န.wav|listen}} |(त वग्गो) |- |५ ओट्ठजं (ओट्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |प (pa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ပ.wav|listen}} |फ (pha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဖ.wav|listen}} |ब (ba){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဗ.wav|listen}} |भ (bha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဘ.wav|listen}} |म (ma){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-မ.wav|listen}} |(प वग्गो) |} owadcchpja4y56c3el23sfs1iab7ija 104412 104411 2026-09-14T06:23:56Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}"}} सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ मूलसरेसु ६ सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}" ति एते रस्ससरा नाम होन्ति॥ "आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति एते दीघसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}" ति पठमं यूयं॥ "इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति दुतियं यूयं॥ "उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति ततियं यूयं॥ एवं मूलसरा (६) तयो रस्सदीघयुगळा होन्ति॥ # मूलसरा : अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}} # गुणसरा: ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}၊ ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} ===ब्यञ्जनानि ३३=== ब्यञ्जनानि वग्गब्यञ्जनं च अवग्गब्यञ्जनञ्च ति द्विधा ठितानि॥ '''<nowiki/>'वग्गब्यञ्जनं'<nowiki/>''' नाम वग्ग आकारेन संगहितानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ '''<nowiki/>'अवग्गब्यञ्जनं'''' नाम वग्गतो मुत्तानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ वग्गब्यञ्जनानि पञ्चवीसति (२५)। अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि अट्ठ (८) होन्ति॥ तानि ब्यञ्जनानि अेतेनाकारेन तिट्ठन्ति॥ ===वग्गब्यञ्जनानि २५=== {| class="wikitable" |+ !ठानानि !पथम !दुतिय !ततिय !चतुत्थ !पञ्चम !वग्गो |- |१ कण्ठजं (कण्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |क (ka){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-က.wav|listen}} |ख (kha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ခ.wav|listen}} |ग (ga){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဂ.wav|listen}} |घ (gha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဃ.wav|listen}} |ङ (ṅa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၚ.wav|listen}} |(क वग्गो) |- |२ तालुजं (तालुस्मिं भवा अक्खरा) |च (ca){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-စ.wav|listen}} |छ (cha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဆ.wav|listen}} |ज (ja){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဇ.wav|listen}} |झ (jha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၛ.wav|listen}} |ञ्ञ ('''ñ'''a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ည.wav|listen}} |(च वग्गो) |- |३ मुद्धजं ( मुद्धनि भवा अक्खरा) |ट (ṭa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဋ.wav|listen}} |ठ (ṭha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဌ.wav|listen}} |ड (ḍa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဍ.wav|listen}} |ढ (ḍha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဎ.wav|listen}} |ण (ṇa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဏ.wav|listen}} |(ट वग्गो) |- |४ दन्तज (दन्तेसु भवा अक्खरा) |त (ta){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-တ.wav|listen}} |थ (tha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ထ.wav|listen}} |द (da){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဒ.wav|listen}} |ध (dha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဓ.wav|listen}} |न (na){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-န.wav|listen}} |(त वग्गो) |- |५ ओट्ठजं (ओट्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |प (pa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ပ.wav|listen}} |फ (pha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဖ.wav|listen}} |ब (ba){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဗ.wav|listen}} |भ (bha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဘ.wav|listen}} |म (ma){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-မ.wav|listen}} |(प वग्गो) |} ===अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि ८=== य (ya) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ယ.wav|listen}}। र (ra) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ရ.wav|listen}}। ल (la) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-လ.wav|listen}}। व (va) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဝ.wav|listen}}। स (sa) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-သ.wav|listen}}। ह (ha) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဟ.wav|listen}}। ळ (ḷa) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဠ.wav|listen}}। अं (ṃ) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အံ.wav|listen}}॥ 504d8v5c0ykjw6m0x56gp7bk0zk5tj4 104413 104412 2026-09-14T06:28:17Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}"}} सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ मूलसरेसु ६ सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}" ति एते रस्ससरा नाम होन्ति॥ "आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति एते दीघसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}" ति पठमं यूयं॥ "इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति दुतियं यूयं॥ "उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति ततियं यूयं॥ एवं मूलसरा (६) तयो रस्सदीघयुगळा होन्ति॥ # मूलसरा : अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}} # गुणसरा: ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}၊ ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} ===ब्यञ्जनानि ३३=== ब्यञ्जनानि वग्गब्यञ्जनं च अवग्गब्यञ्जनञ्च ति द्विधा ठितानि॥ '''<nowiki/>'वग्गब्यञ्जनं'<nowiki/>''' नाम वग्ग आकारेन संगहितानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ '''<nowiki/>'अवग्गब्यञ्जनं'''' नाम वग्गतो मुत्तानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ वग्गब्यञ्जनानि पञ्चवीसति (२५)। अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि अट्ठ (८) होन्ति॥ तानि ब्यञ्जनानि अेतेनाकारेन तिट्ठन्ति॥ ===वग्गब्यञ्जनानि २५=== {| class="wikitable" |+ !ठानानि !पथम !दुतिय !ततिय !चतुत्थ !पञ्चम !वग्गो |- |१ कण्ठजं (कण्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |क (ka){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-က.wav|listen}} |ख (kha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ခ.wav|listen}} |ग (ga){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဂ.wav|listen}} |घ (gha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဃ.wav|listen}} |ङ (ṅa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၚ.wav|listen}} |(क वग्गो) |- |२ तालुजं (तालुस्मिं भवा अक्खरा) |च (ca){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-စ.wav|listen}} |छ (cha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဆ.wav|listen}} |ज (ja){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဇ.wav|listen}} |झ (jha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၛ.wav|listen}} |ञ्ञ ('''ñ'''a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ည.wav|listen}} |(च वग्गो) |- |३ मुद्धजं ( मुद्धनि भवा अक्खरा) |ट (ṭa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဋ.wav|listen}} |ठ (ṭha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဌ.wav|listen}} |ड (ḍa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဍ.wav|listen}} |ढ (ḍha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဎ.wav|listen}} |ण (ṇa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဏ.wav|listen}} |(ट वग्गो) |- |४ दन्तज (दन्तेसु भवा अक्खरा) |त (ta){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-တ.wav|listen}} |थ (tha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ထ.wav|listen}} |द (da){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဒ.wav|listen}} |ध (dha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဓ.wav|listen}} |न (na){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-န.wav|listen}} |(त वग्गो) |- |५ ओट्ठजं (ओट्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |प (pa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ပ.wav|listen}} |फ (pha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဖ.wav|listen}} |ब (ba){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဗ.wav|listen}} |भ (bha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဘ.wav|listen}} |म (ma){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-မ.wav|listen}} |(प वग्गो) |} ===अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि ८=== य (ya) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ယ.wav|listen}}। र (ra) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ရ.wav|listen}}। ल (la) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-လ.wav|listen}}। व (va) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဝ.wav|listen}}। स (sa) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-သ.wav|listen}}। ह (ha) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဟ.wav|listen}}। ळ (ḷa) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဠ.wav|listen}}। अं (ṃ) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အံ.wav|listen}}॥ ==निस्सै== {{Reflist|}} * See entries for "Pali" (written by K. R. Norman of the Pali Text Society) and "India--Buddhism" in ''The Concise Encyclopedia of Language and Religion'', (Sawyer ed.) ISBN 0-08-043167-4 * {{cite book |last=Müller |first=Edward |year=1995 |orig-year=First published 1884 |title=Simplified Grammar of the Pali Language |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=81-206-1103-9}} * {{cite book |last=Silva |first=Lily de |year=1994 |title=Pali Primer |edition=first |publisher=Vipassana Research Institute Publications |isbn=81-7414-014-X}} * {{cite book |last=Warder |first=A. K. |year=1991 |title=Introduction to Pali|edition= third |publisher=Pali Text Society |isbn=0-86013-197-1}} [[Category:वीकीपीदीया| ]] [[Category:बङ्गदेसस्स भासायो]] [[Category:जम्बुदीपस्स भासायो]] r3kv9pnarkkvdwonhszo3og5ovv50rt 104425 104413 2026-09-14T08:26:45Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}"}} सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ मूलसरेसु ६ सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}" ति एते रस्ससरा नाम होन्ति॥ "आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति एते दीघसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}" ति पठमं यूयं॥ "इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति दुतियं यूयं॥ "उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति ततियं यूयं॥ एवं मूलसरा (६) तयो रस्सदीघयुगळा होन्ति॥ # मूलसरा : अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}} # गुणसरा: ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}၊ ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} ===ब्यञ्जनानि ३३=== ब्यञ्जनानि वग्गब्यञ्जनं च अवग्गब्यञ्जनञ्च ति द्विधा ठितानि॥ '''<nowiki/>'वग्गब्यञ्जनं'<nowiki/>''' नाम वग्ग आकारेन संगहितानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ '''<nowiki/>'अवग्गब्यञ्जनं'''' नाम वग्गतो मुत्तानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ वग्गब्यञ्जनानि पञ्चवीसति (२५)। अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि अट्ठ (८) होन्ति॥ तानि ब्यञ्जनानि अेतेनाकारेन तिट्ठन्ति॥ ===वग्गब्यञ्जनानि २५=== {| class="wikitable" |+ !ठानानि !पथम !दुतिय !ततिय !चतुत्थ !पञ्चम !वग्गो |- |१ कण्ठजं (कण्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |क (ka){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-က.wav|listen}} |ख (kha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ခ.wav|listen}} |ग (ga){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဂ.wav|listen}} |घ (gha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဃ.wav|listen}} |ङ (ṅa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၚ.wav|listen}} |(क वग्गो) |- |२ तालुजं (तालुस्मिं भवा अक्खरा) |च (ca){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-စ.wav|listen}} |छ (cha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဆ.wav|listen}} |ज (ja){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဇ.wav|listen}} |झ (jha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၛ.wav|listen}} |ञ्ञ ('''ñ'''a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ည.wav|listen}} |(च वग्गो) |- |३ मुद्धजं ( मुद्धनि भवा अक्खरा) |ट (ṭa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဋ.wav|listen}} |ठ (ṭha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဌ.wav|listen}} |ड (ḍa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဍ.wav|listen}} |ढ (ḍha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဎ.wav|listen}} |ण (ṇa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဏ.wav|listen}} |(ट वग्गो) |- |४ दन्तज (दन्तेसु भवा अक्खरा) |त (ta){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-တ.wav|listen}} |थ (tha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ထ.wav|listen}} |द (da){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဒ.wav|listen}} |ध (dha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဓ.wav|listen}} |न (na){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-န.wav|listen}} |(त वग्गो) |- |५ ओट्ठजं (ओट्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |प (pa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ပ.wav|listen}} |फ (pha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဖ.wav|listen}} |ब (ba){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဗ.wav|listen}} |भ (bha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဘ.wav|listen}} |म (ma){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-မ.wav|listen}} |(प वग्गो) |} ===अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि ८=== य (ya) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ယ.wav|listen}}। र (ra) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ရ.wav|listen}}। ल (la) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-လ.wav|listen}}। व (va) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဝ.wav|listen}}। स (sa) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-သ.wav|listen}}। ह (ha) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဟ.wav|listen}}। ळ (ḷa) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဠ.wav|listen}}। अं (ṃ) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အံ.wav|listen}}॥ ==निस्सै== {{Reflist|}} * See entries for "Pali" (written by K. R. Norman of the Pali Text Society) and "India--Buddhism" in ''The Concise Encyclopedia of Language and Religion'', (Sawyer ed.) ISBN 0-08-043167-4 * {{cite book |last=Müller |first=Edward |year=1995 |orig-year=First published 1884 |title=Simplified Grammar of the Pali Language |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=81-206-1103-9}} * {{cite book |last=Silva |first=Lily de |year=1994 |title=Pali Primer |edition=first |publisher=Vipassana Research Institute Publications |isbn=81-7414-014-X}} * {{cite book |last=Warder |first=A. K. |year=1991 |title=Introduction to Pali|edition= third |publisher=Pali Text Society |isbn=0-86013-197-1}} ==लिंक== * Pali Text Society, London. [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/ The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary]. Chipstead, 1921-1925. * [http://www.palitext.com/ Pali Text Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921151757/http://www.palitext.com/ |date=21 September 2015 }} * [http://dhamma.ru/paali/palisan.htm Reconstruction of Ancient Indian sound clusters on the basis of Pali sounds (according to "Grammatik des Pali" by Achim Fahs)] * [http://www.ahandfulofleaves.org/documents/Concise%20Pali%20English%20Dictionary_Buddhadatta.pdf Buddhadatta Mahāthera, A. P. (1958). Concise Pāli-English Dictionary.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225203912/http://www.ahandfulofleaves.org/documents/Concise%20Pali%20English%20Dictionary_Buddhadatta.pdf |date=25 February 2021 }} [[Category:वीकीपीदीया| ]] [[Category:बङ्गदेसस्स भासायो]] [[Category:जम्बुदीपस्स भासायो]] egp3450pvr8fnc9h9sjm75j8kelrbsb 104428 104425 2026-09-14T08:32:52Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=पाळि |pronunciation= {{IPA-all|paːli|}} |states=जम्बुदीप |era=बीसी पञ्चसतपुब्ब तो एकसतपुब्ब |ref=<ref>Nagrajji (2003) "Pali language and the Buddhist Canonical Literature". ''Agama and Tripitaka'', vol. 2: Language and Literature.</ref> |speakers2= |familycolor=Indo-European | fam2 = [[इंडो-ईरानी भाषा|इंडो-ईरानी]] | fam3 = [[इंडो-आर्यन भाषा|इंडो-आर्यन]] | fam4 = [[मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा|मज्झिमइंडो-आर्यन भाषा]] | iso1 = pi | iso2 = pli | iso3 = pli | linglist = pli | notice = Indic | glotto = pali1273 | glottorefname = Pali | notice2 = IPA }} [[File:Sanskrit-Pali Faulmann Gesch T10.jpg|thumb|350px|उपरिभागे देवनागरी अक्खरेहि सक्कटभासाय लिखितं विस्सणुनो पत्थनावचनं अत्थि। हेट्ठाभागे मरम्मरट्ठतो लद्धं कम्मवाचापाळि अत्थि॥]] '''पाळिभासा''' जम्बुदीपस्स अन्तोदेसे जातानं मनुस्सानं मातुभासा अहोसि॥ इमस्स भासास्स महन्तेन पमाणेन अज्झयनकरणस्स हेतु सब्बञ्ञुबुद्धस्स अनग्घानि सासनिकगन्थानि तिपिटके पाळिभासाय सङ्गहेत्वा ठपितत्ता होति॥ [[पटिमा:Distinctions in Pali.webm|thumb|सब्बजातियानं पाळिभासाय विसेसं विभावेन्तो पाळिभासाकुसलो [[रामञ्ञमनुस्सा|रामञ्ञ]]पण्डितो॥]] ==मूलसन्तकिञ्च भासाय उपचियमानअक्कम== ===वोहारयोनि=== पाळि इति सद्दं थेरवादबुद्धमामकेहि उपयुत्तं अहोसि॥ सुतेसिनो पाळि सद्दस्स अत्थं धातुञ्च नानाविधं विवरन्ति। लिखनरूपम्पि न समं होति॥ R.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Childers पाळि इति "आवलि" अत्थो होतीति आह॥<ref>Hazra, Kanai Lal. ''Pāli Language and Literature; a systematic survey and historical study.'' D.K. Printworld Lrd., New Delhi, 1994, page 19.</ref> पाळिभासाय अन्तिकतरं दिस्समानं सासनिक इहानि अधिप्पायं पच्छिम जम्बुदीपे गुज्जररट्ठे धम्मासोकमहाराजस्स सिलालेखा भवन्ति॥<ref name="Hirakawa, Akira 2007. p. 119">Hirakawa, Akira. Groner, Paul. ''A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna.'' 2007. p. 119</ref> ==== मरम्मरट्ठे विभावना==== पाळिभासाय मूलट्ठानं सक्कतभासाया विय जम्बुदीपोयेव होति॥ जम्बुदीपेपि मगधरट्ठे भासितत्ता इमं मागधभासा ति वुच्चति॥ लोके पठमं उप्पन्नभासा ताव होति। तस्मा मूलभासा तिपि वुच्चति॥ तं मागधमूलभासां कप्पादिका मनुस्सा च। ब्रह्मानो च। अञ्ञेसं सद्दं अस्सुतपुब्बा दहरा कुमारा च। सम्मासम्बुद्धा च भासन्ती ति गन्थेसु आगतं॥ एवं कप्पादितो पट्ठाय आगता एसा पाळिभासा दोसकलङ्केहि विमुत्ता सुद्धा निज्जटा मूलभासायेव होति॥ अञ्ञासु अञ्ञतरासु भासासु अक्खरानं बहुत्ता अत्थानं संकिण्णता। दुब्बुज्झनता। परिपुण्णवोहारानं अभावो। विसज्जनीयस्स बहुत्ता। नासिकासद्दलक्खणं। अब्यत्ताक्खरता। फरुसस्सरो। अक्खरब्यञ्जनानं अतिबहुत्तं वा अत्यप्पत्तं वा ति अनेकविधा दोसा सन्ति॥ पाळिभासा पन एतेहि दोसेहि सब्बथा विमुत्ता सद्दतो च अत्थतो च परिपुण्णा सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुणेहि समन्नागता महाभासा होति॥ एवं सात्थसब्यञ्जनगुण समन्नागतत्ता बुद्धमुखपाठं परियत्तिं रक्खितुं समत्था भासा होति। तस्मा "पाति रक्खतीति पाळि" इिति वचनत्थानुरूपं पाळि त्येव वुच्चति॥ इमिस्सा पाळिभासाया आवस्सिकत्तं विनयपिटके अधिप्पायतो अतिविय पाकटं होति॥ तं चिरट्ठितं चन॥ पब्बज्जा। उपसम्पदा कम्मवाचादिनि अञ्ञाय भासाय धारेत्वा निप्फादेतुं न सक्कोन्ति। पाळिभासायेव सुविहितं रुळ्हिय वाचेत्वा निप्फादेतब्बानि होन्ति॥ पि च। इमस्मिं कप्पे पुब्बे उप्पन्ना ककुसन्धादिनो बुद्धा च। पुब्बे कप्पेसु उप्पन्नपुब्बा बुद्धा च इमाय पाळिभासायेव वेनेय्यसत्तानं सधम्मं देसेन्ति॥ अम्हेहि सरणं गतो गोतमसम्मासम्बुद्धोपि वेनेय्यानं धम्मामतं पायेत्वा अनुसासन्तो इमाय पाळिभासायेव देसेसि॥ अनागते उप्पज्जिस्सन्ता बुद्धापि पाळिभासायेव धम्मं देसेस्सन्ति॥ तिपिटकसङ्खातं परियत्तिधम्मं संगायन्ता आयस्मा महाकस्सपादयो महाथेरापि पाळिभासायेव संगायिंसू॥ पाळिभासा नाम वित्थारताय अतिगम्भीरा महाभासा होति। तस्मा पद। पाठ। कम्म। कत्तादि-नयानं परिवत्तन निम्मित मग्गे धारेन्ता अनेकेसु सद्दसत्थेसु पुराणाचरियेहि गन्था रचिता होन्ति॥ एसा पाळिभासा मरम्मरट्ठं अनुरुद्धदेवमहाराजस्स कालतो पुब्बेपि पत्ता। अनुरुद्धराजस्स काले महाथेरस्स अरहन्तस्स आनुभावेन अतिविय विरूळ्हा आसि॥ ततो पट्ठाय बुद्धमामका मरम्मराजानो पाळिभासां अतिविय उपत्थम्भेसुं॥ तस्मा पुकं समये मरम्मरट्ठे जना सब्बेसम्पि पाळिभासां परिसीलेन्ति॥ इत्थियोपि ओदनं पचन्तियो उदकं आहरन्तियो पाळिभासां लिखन्ति ति आमणना सन्ति॥ तस्मिं काले अञ्ञतरा इत्थियो पाळिचापे परं वाचेतुं सक्कोन्ति। सत्थगन्थे रचयितुं सक्कोन्ति तिपि अनुस्सति सन्ति॥ विभत्यत्थ नाम सद्दन्तरगन्थो जयसीह राजस्स धीताय रचितो सद्दगन्थो होति॥ अपि च जयसीहराजस्स धीता थान प्यिनराजकुमारी चापं वाचेन्तिं भिक्खुपि उपसंकमित्वा उग्गण्हन्ति ति। अञ्ञतरो तिस्सा सिस्सभिक्खु थान प्यिनराजकुमारिया सम्बन्धं आकङ्खित्वा राजिनो सन्तिके याचिते "एकं गन्थं रचयितुं सक्कोन्तोयेव मामकीं धीतरं लभिस्सति" ति राजा आणापेसि॥ तदा थेरो न्यासगन्थस्स अत्थसंवण्णनायी तीकागन्थं पाळिभासाय रचयित्वा राजिनो उपहरति। राजा पसन्नमानसो धीतरं तस्सा पादमूलिकं अदासि ति राजवंसेसु सुय्यति॥ अज्जतने पन पाळिभासां भिक्खुविहारेसु च विज्जालयेसु चेव अभियुञ्जित्वा परिसीलेन्ति॥ पुब्बे विय जना सब्बे न उस्सहन्ति॥ अत्थतो पन बुद्धवादिनो सब्बेसम्पि परिसीलितब्बा होति॥ हेतु पन: सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स अनुसासनि। मग्ग फल निब्बान पत्ति मग्गो तिपिटकभासांसुयेव तिट्ठति॥ तिपिटकचापं पाळिभासायेव सण्ठितं॥ मरम्मभासाय परिवत्तिता पिटकगन्था सन्ति। निज्जटं पाळिभासां सयं जानन्तो पुग्गलो यावता सब्बं जानाति। तावता मरम्मभासामत्तेन ञातुं न सक्कोति॥ अपि च मरम्मभासाय अन्तो सील। समाधि। पञ्ञा आदीनि पाळिवोहारानि यावता सक्कोन्ति इध पाविसिंसू। तस्मा अज्जपि पाळिभासा मरम्मभासायेव ति आसंकितुं वट्टति॥ मरम्मभासाय रचितेसु गन्थेसु तानि पाळिवोहारानि पाविसेत्वा लिखितत्ता पाळिं अकुसलो पुग्गलो मरम्मभासां सम्मा तिरच्छातुं दुक्करं होति॥ ==भासाबेद== ===अक्खरानि=== पाळिभासायं अुपयुत्तानि अक्खरानि एकचत्तालीस (४१) होन्ति॥ तानि एकचत्तालीस अक्खरानि अट्ठ (८) सरा च। तेत्तिंस (३३) ब्यञ्जनानि च ति द्विधा विभत्तानि होन्ति॥ === सरा (८)=== सरा (८) नाम: "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति होन्ति॥ {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! colspan="2" |मूलसरा !गुणसर !वुद्धिसरा (पाळिभासायं न यूज्यते। सक्कते यूज्यते। पाळिरूपसिद्धियं उपकारकं होति॥) |- !सरयुगळानि !रस्ससरा (अलहुस्सरा) !दीघसर (लहुस्सरा) ! ! |- |पठमा रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} | | |- |दुतिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |- |ततिया रस्सदीघयुगळा |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अु (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အု.wav|listen}} |style="background:gold;text-align:center"|अू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အူ.wav|listen}}। |style="background:#a57c00;text-align:center"|ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} |style="background:#db9d00;text-align:center"|ओो (ou){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အော.wav|listen}} |} तेसु अट्ठसु सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}। ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति एते अट्ठानुरूपा मूलसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}। ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}" ति सरा पन तेहि मूलसरेहि अभिवुद्धिं पत्ता सरा होन्ति। तस्मा "गुणसरा" ति वुच्चन्ति॥ {{efn|अधिप्पायो पन: "ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}" सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ "ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}}"}} सरो नाम "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}} + इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति एतेसं संयोगेन भवितो होति॥ मूलसरेसु ६ सरेसु "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}" ति एते रस्ससरा नाम होन्ति॥ "आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति एते दीघसरा नाम होन्ति॥ "अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}" ति पठमं यूयं॥ "इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}" ति दुतियं यूयं॥ "उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}}" ति ततियं यूयं॥ एवं मूलसरा (६) तयो रस्सदीघयुगळा होन्ति॥ # मूलसरा : अ (a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အ.wav|listen}}। आ (ā){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အာ.wav|listen}}। इ (i){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣ.wav|listen}}। इी (ī){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဣဳ.wav|listen}}। उ (u) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥ.wav|listen}}। उू (ū){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဥူ.wav|listen}} # गुणसरा: ए (e){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဨ.wav|listen}}၊ ओ (o){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဩ.wav|listen}} ===ब्यञ्जनानि ३३=== ब्यञ्जनानि वग्गब्यञ्जनं च अवग्गब्यञ्जनञ्च ति द्विधा ठितानि॥ '''<nowiki/>'वग्गब्यञ्जनं'<nowiki/>''' नाम वग्ग आकारेन संगहितानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ '''<nowiki/>'अवग्गब्यञ्जनं'''' नाम वग्गतो मुत्तानि ब्यञ्जनानि होन्ति॥ वग्गब्यञ्जनानि पञ्चवीसति (२५)। अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि अट्ठ (८) होन्ति॥ तानि ब्यञ्जनानि अेतेनाकारेन तिट्ठन्ति॥ ===वग्गब्यञ्जनानि २५=== {| class="wikitable" |+ !ठानानि !पथम !दुतिय !ततिय !चतुत्थ !पञ्चम !वग्गो |- |१ कण्ठजं (कण्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |क (ka){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-က.wav|listen}} |ख (kha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ခ.wav|listen}} |ग (ga){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဂ.wav|listen}} |घ (gha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဃ.wav|listen}} |ङ (ṅa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၚ.wav|listen}} |(क वग्गो) |- |२ तालुजं (तालुस्मिं भवा अक्खरा) |च (ca){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-စ.wav|listen}} |छ (cha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဆ.wav|listen}} |ज (ja){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဇ.wav|listen}} |झ (jha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ၛ.wav|listen}} |ञ्ञ ('''ñ'''a){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ည.wav|listen}} |(च वग्गो) |- |३ मुद्धजं ( मुद्धनि भवा अक्खरा) |ट (ṭa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဋ.wav|listen}} |ठ (ṭha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဌ.wav|listen}} |ड (ḍa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဍ.wav|listen}} |ढ (ḍha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဎ.wav|listen}} |ण (ṇa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဏ.wav|listen}} |(ट वग्गो) |- |४ दन्तज (दन्तेसु भवा अक्खरा) |त (ta){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-တ.wav|listen}} |थ (tha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ထ.wav|listen}} |द (da){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဒ.wav|listen}} |ध (dha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဓ.wav|listen}} |न (na){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-န.wav|listen}} |(त वग्गो) |- |५ ओट्ठजं (ओट्ठे भवा अक्खरा) |प (pa){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ပ.wav|listen}} |फ (pha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဖ.wav|listen}} |ब (ba){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဗ.wav|listen}} |भ (bha){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဘ.wav|listen}} |म (ma){{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-မ.wav|listen}} |(प वग्गो) |} ===अवग्गब्यञ्जनानि ८=== य (ya) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ယ.wav|listen}}। र (ra) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ရ.wav|listen}}। ल (la) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-လ.wav|listen}}। व (va) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဝ.wav|listen}}। स (sa) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-သ.wav|listen}}। ह (ha) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဟ.wav|listen}}। ळ (ḷa) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-ဠ.wav|listen}}। अं (ṃ) {{audio|LL-Q100271134 (mis)-咽頭べさ-အံ.wav|listen}}॥ ==निस्सै== {{Reflist|}} * See entries for "Pali" (written by K. R. Norman of the Pali Text Society) and "India--Buddhism" in ''The Concise Encyclopedia of Language and Religion'', (Sawyer ed.) ISBN 0-08-043167-4 * {{cite book |last=Müller |first=Edward |year=1995 |orig-year=First published 1884 |title=Simplified Grammar of the Pali Language |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=81-206-1103-9}} * {{cite book |last=Silva |first=Lily de |year=1994 |title=Pali Primer |edition=first |publisher=Vipassana Research Institute Publications |isbn=81-7414-014-X}} * {{cite book |last=Warder |first=A. K. |year=1991 |title=Introduction to Pali|edition= third |publisher=Pali Text Society |isbn=0-86013-197-1}} ==लिंक== * Pali Text Society, London. [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/ The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary]. Chipstead, 1921-1925. * [http://www.palitext.com/ Pali Text Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921151757/http://www.palitext.com/ |date=21 September 2015 }} * [http://dhamma.ru/paali/palisan.htm Reconstruction of Ancient Indian sound clusters on the basis of Pali sounds (according to "Grammatik des Pali" by Achim Fahs)] * [http://www.ahandfulofleaves.org/documents/Concise%20Pali%20English%20Dictionary_Buddhadatta.pdf Buddhadatta Mahāthera, A. P. (1958). Concise Pāli-English Dictionary.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225203912/http://www.ahandfulofleaves.org/documents/Concise%20Pali%20English%20Dictionary_Buddhadatta.pdf |date=25 February 2021 }} [[Category:पाळि| ]] [[Category:बङ्गदेसस्स भासायो]] [[Category:जम्बुदीपस्स भासायो]] jnn7qbi5r2rpg23syte6fz2ip99gpcr 10 7576 104375 2026-09-13T12:15:57Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{#if:{{{1|{{{code|}}}}}} |<br /><code>[[iso639-3:{{{1|{{{code|}}}}}}|{{{1|{{{code}}}}}}]]</code>{{#if:{{{2|}}}|&nbsp;–&nbsp;{{{2|}}}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" 104375 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|{{{code|}}}}}} |<br /><code>[[iso639-3:{{{1|{{{code|}}}}}}|{{{1|{{{code}}}}}}]]</code>{{#if:{{{2|}}}|&nbsp;–&nbsp;{{{2|}}}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> lbxfdz8ccjkb5x4kd8fs9y6qwgmge99 10 7577 104376 2026-09-13T12:18:18Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{Main other|{{Error|This template shouldn't be used in mainspace.}}|{{infobox | title = Background colors used on Wikipedia for various language families and groups | bodyclass = metadata | data1 = {{Infobox language/language family color table}} | label2 = See also | data2 = {{main other||[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Languages]]}} }}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" 104376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Main other|{{Error|This template shouldn't be used in mainspace.}}|{{infobox | title = Background colors used on Wikipedia for various language families and groups | bodyclass = metadata | data1 = {{Infobox language/language family color table}} | label2 = See also | data2 = {{main other||[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Languages]]}} }}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 5fbgimx5bfipzaw9i0i2uwo65d5xmy9 10 7578 104377 2026-09-13T12:19:36Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{|style="text-align:center;" <!-- Colour codes for language families and groups: [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Languages]] --> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Afroasiatic}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Afroasiatic}}<br /><code>#faecc8</code> |colspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Nilo-Saharan}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Nilo-Saharan}}<br /><code>gold (#ffd700)</code> |colspan="1" st..." 104377 wikitext text/x-wiki {|style="text-align:center;" <!-- Colour codes for language families and groups: [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Languages]] --> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Afroasiatic}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Afroasiatic}}<br /><code>#faecc8</code> |colspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Nilo-Saharan}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Nilo-Saharan}}<br /><code>gold (#ffd700)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Niger–Congo}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Niger–Congo}}<br /><code>#ffddaa</code> |colspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Khoisan}}"|[[Khoisan languages|Khoisan (areal)]]<br /><code>goldenrod (#daa520)</code> |- |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Indo-European}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Indo-European}}<br /><code>#c9ffd9</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Caucasian}}"|[[Languages of the Caucasus|Caucasian (areal)]]<br /><code>lightgreen (#90ee90)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Uralic}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Uralic}}<br /><code>lime (#a8fe74)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Dravidian}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Dravidian}}<br /><code>mediumspringgreen (#00fa9a)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Altaic}}"|[[Altaic languages|Altaic (areal)]]<br /><code>yellowgreen (#9acd32)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Paleo-Siberian}}"|[[Paleo-Siberian languages|Paleo-Siberian (areal)]]<br /><code>darkseagreen (#8fbc8f)</code> |- |colspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Sino-Tibetan}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Sino-Tibetan}}<br /><code>salmon (#fa8072)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Hmong–Mien}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Hmong–Mien}}<br /><code>#f2ceee</code> |colspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Kra–Dai}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Kra–Dai}}<br /><code>lavender (#e6e6fa)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Austroasiatic}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Austroasiatic}}<br /><code>lightcoral (#f08080)</code> |- |colspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Austronesian}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Austronesian}}<br /><code>pink (#ffc0cb)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Papuan}}"|[[Papuan languages|Papuan (areal)]]<br /><code>#fd79da</code> |colspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Australian}}"|[[Australian Aboriginal languages|Australian (areal)]]<br /><code>#eba9ee</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Andamanese}}"|[[Andamanese languages|Andamanese (areal)]]<br /><code>#c99fee</code> |- |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Eskaleut}}"|[[Eskaleut languages|Eskaleut]]<br /><code>lightcyan (#e0ffff)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Algic}}"|[[Algic languages|Algic]]<br /><code>lightskyblue (#87cefa)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Uto-Aztecan}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Uto-Aztecan}}<br /><code>#80bfff</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Na-Dene}}"|[[Na-Dene languages|Na-Dene]] (and [[Dene–Yeniseian languages|Dene–Yeniseian]]?)<br /><code>#99ddff</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|American}}"|[[Indigenous languages of the Americas|American (areal)]]<br /><code>#c0dde6</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|salishan}}"|[[Salishan languages|Salishan]]<br /><code>#afced1</code> |- |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|arawakan}}"|[[Arawakan languages|Arawakan]]<br /><code>#98b1c7</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|cariban}}"|[[Cariban languages|Cariban]]<br /><code>#1d8c97</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|hokan}}"|[[Hokan languages|Hokan (disputed)]]<br /><code>#66c0cf</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|macro-jê}}"|{{colored link|white|macro-Jê languages|Macro-Jê}}<br /><code>#275379</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|mayan}}"|{{colored link|white|Mayan languages|Mayan}}<br /><code>#4865bd</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|tucanoan}}"|[[Tucanoan languages|Tucanoan]]<br /><code>#5491a3</code> |- |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|oto-manguean}}"|[[Oto-Manguean languages|Oto-Manguean]]<br /><code>#3686cc</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|pano-tacanan}}; color:white"|{{colored link|white|Pano-Tacanan languages|Pano-Tacanan}}<br /><code>#1f1780</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|penutian}}"|[[Penutian languages|Penutian (disputed)]]<br /><code>#91d1e3</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|quechuan}}"|[[Quechuan languages|Quechuan]]<br /><code>#c0e5e0</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|tupian}}"|[[Tupian languages|Tupian]]<br /><code>#638ba8</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|chibchan}}"|[[Chibchan languages|Chibchan]]<br /><code>#a0c7f9</code> |- |colspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Creole}}"|{{Infobox language/genetic|Creole}}/{{Infobox language/genetic|Pidgin}}/{{Infobox language/genetic|Mixed}}<br /><code>tan (#d2b48c)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Isolate}}"|[[Language isolate]]<br /><code>#dddddd</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Sign}}"|[[Sign language]]<br /><code>silver (#c0c0c0)</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|Conlang}}; color:white"|{{colored link|white|Constructed language}}<br /><code>#114057</code> |colspan="1" style="color:inherit;background-color:{{Infobox language/family-color|unclassified}}"|[[Unclassified language|Unclassified]]<br /><code>white (#ffffff)</code> |}<noinclude>{{documentation}} </noinclude> ms72u0a9iezlwy3ufezvpesykivadtc 10 7579 104378 2026-09-13T12:21:03Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "[[:{{{2}}}|<span class="tmpl-colored-link {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:{{{noinvert|}}}|mw-no-invert|}}" style="color: {{{1}}}; text-decoration: inherit;">{{{3|{{{2}}}}}}</span>]]<noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude>" 104378 wikitext text/x-wiki [[:{{{2}}}|<span class="tmpl-colored-link {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:{{{noinvert|}}}|mw-no-invert|}}" style="color: {{{1}}}; text-decoration: inherit;">{{{3|{{{2}}}}}}</span>]]<noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> bm2i1cvm8jj7zvsf6gc1j4e7lbbma1q 10 7580 104380 2026-09-13T12:26:26Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "/* {{pp-template}} */ @media screen { html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img { background: white; } } @media screen and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img { background: white; } }" 104380 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ @media screen { html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img { background: white; } } @media screen and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img { background: white; } } pjojbxx5a40qdgq9on8w4p6f0elc881 10 7581 104381 2026-09-13T12:30:32Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" 104381 wikitext text/x-wiki background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> nhoiopnnwq36g0vw6ahq0ejceihehw7 828 7582 104382 2026-09-13T12:32:55Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "-- Version: 2023-07-10 -- Module to implement use of a blacklist and whitelist for infobox fields -- Can take a named parameter |qid which is the Wikidata ID for the article -- if not supplied, it will use the Wikidata ID associated with the current page. -- Fields in blacklist are never to be displayed, i.e. module must return nil in all circumstances -- Fields in whitelist return local value if it exists or the Wikidata value otherwise -- The name of the field that thi..." 104382 Scribunto text/plain -- Version: 2023-07-10 -- Module to implement use of a blacklist and whitelist for infobox fields -- Can take a named parameter |qid which is the Wikidata ID for the article -- if not supplied, it will use the Wikidata ID associated with the current page. -- Fields in blacklist are never to be displayed, i.e. module must return nil in all circumstances -- Fields in whitelist return local value if it exists or the Wikidata value otherwise -- The name of the field that this function is called from is passed in named parameter |name -- The name is compulsory when blacklist or whitelist is used, -- so the module returns nil if it is not supplied. -- blacklist is passed in named parameter |suppressfields (or |spf) -- whitelist is passed in named parameter |fetchwikidata (or |fwd) require("strict") local p = {} local cdate -- initialise as nil and only load _complex_date function if needed -- Module:Complex date is loaded lazily and has the following dependencies: -- Module:Calendar -- Module:ISOdate -- Module:DateI18n -- Module:I18n/complex date -- Module:Ordinal -- Module:I18n/ordinal -- Module:Yesno -- Module:Formatnum -- Module:Linguistic -- -- The following, taken from https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikibase/DataModel#Dates_and_times, -- is needed to use Module:Complex date which seemingly requires date precision as a string. -- It would work better if only the authors of the mediawiki page could spell 'millennium'. local dp = { [6] = "millennium", [7] = "century", [8] = "decade", [9] = "year", [10] = "month", [11] = "day", } local i18n = { ["errors"] = { ["property-not-found"] = "Property not found.", ["No property supplied"] = "No property supplied", ["entity-not-found"] = "Wikidata entity not found.", ["unknown-claim-type"] = "Unknown claim type.", ["unknown-entity-type"] = "Unknown entity type.", ["qualifier-not-found"] = "Qualifier not found.", ["site-not-found"] = "Wikimedia project not found.", ["labels-not-found"] = "No labels found.", ["descriptions-not-found"] = "No descriptions found.", ["aliases-not-found"] = "No aliases found.", ["unknown-datetime-format"] = "Unknown datetime format.", ["local-article-not-found"] = "Article is available on Wikidata, but not on Wikipedia", ["dab-page"] = " (dab)", }, ["months"] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" }, ["century"] = "century", ["BC"] = "BC", ["BCE"] = "BCE", ["ordinal"] = { [1] = "st", [2] = "nd", [3] = "rd", ["default"] = "th" }, ["filespace"] = "File", ["Unknown"] = "Unknown", ["NaN"] = "Not a number", -- set the following to the name of a tracking category, -- e.g. "[[Category:Articles with missing Wikidata information]]", or "" to disable: ["missinginfocat"] = "[[Category:Articles with missing Wikidata information]]", ["editonwikidata"] = "Edit this on Wikidata", ["latestdatequalifier"] = function (date) return "before " .. date end, -- some languages, e.g. Bosnian use a period as a suffix after each number in a date ["datenumbersuffix"] = "", ["list separator"] = ", ", ["multipliers"] = { [0] = "", [3] = " thousand", [6] = " million", [9] = " billion", [12] = " trillion", } } -- This allows an internationisation module to override the above table if 'en' ~= mw.getContentLanguage():getCode() then require("Module:i18n").loadI18n("Module:WikidataIB/i18n", i18n) end -- This piece of html implements a collapsible container. Check the classes exist on your wiki. local collapsediv = '<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%; overflow:auto;" data-expandtext="{{int:show}}" data-collapsetext="{{int:hide}}">' -- Some items should not be linked. -- Each wiki can create a list of those in Module:WikidataIB/nolinks -- It should return a table called itemsindex, containing true for each item not to be linked local donotlink = {} local nolinks_exists, nolinks = pcall(mw.loadData, "Module:WikidataIB/nolinks") if nolinks_exists then donotlink = nolinks.itemsindex end -- To satisfy Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles, certain types of items are italicised, and others are quoted. -- The submodule [[Module:WikidataIB/titleformats]] lists the entity-ids used in 'instance of' (P31), -- which allows this module to identify the values that should be formatted. -- WikidataIB/titleformats exports a table p.formats, which is indexed by entity-id, and contains the value " or '' local formats = {} local titleformats_exists, titleformats = pcall(mw.loadData, "Module:WikidataIB/titleformats") if titleformats_exists then formats = titleformats.formats end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Private functions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- makeOrdinal needs to be internationalised along with the above: -- takes cardinal number as a numeric and returns the ordinal as a string -- we need three exceptions in English for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 21st, .. 31st, etc. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local makeOrdinal = function(cardinal) local ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal.default if cardinal % 10 == 1 then ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal[1] elseif cardinal % 10 == 2 then ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal[2] elseif cardinal % 10 == 3 then ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal[3] end -- In English, 1, 21, 31, etc. use 'st', but 11, 111, etc. use 'th' -- similarly for 12 and 13, etc. if (cardinal % 100 == 11) or (cardinal % 100 == 12) or (cardinal % 100 == 13) then ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal.default end return tostring(cardinal) .. ordsuffix end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- findLang takes a "langcode" parameter if supplied and valid -- otherwise it tries to create it from the user's set language ({{int:lang}}) -- failing that it uses the wiki's content language. -- It returns a language object ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local findLang = function(langcode) local langobj langcode = mw.text.trim(langcode or "") if mw.language.isKnownLanguageTag(langcode) then langobj = mw.language.new( langcode ) else langcode = mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction('int', {'lang'}) if mw.language.isKnownLanguageTag(langcode) then langobj = mw.language.new( langcode ) else langobj = mw.language.getContentLanguage() end end return langobj end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- _getItemLangCode takes a qid parameter (using the current page's qid if blank) -- If the item for that qid has property country (P17) it looks at the first preferred value -- If the country has an official language (P37), it looks at the first preferred value -- If that official language has a language code (P424), it returns the first preferred value -- Otherwise it returns nothing. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local _getItemLangCode = function(qid) qid = mw.text.trim(qid or ""):upper() if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then return end local prop17 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P17")[1] if not prop17 or prop17.mainsnak.snaktype ~= "value" then return end local qid17 = prop17.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id local prop37 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid17, "P37")[1] if not prop37 or prop37.mainsnak.snaktype ~= "value" then return end local qid37 = prop37.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id local prop424 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid37, "P424")[1] if not prop424 or prop424.mainsnak.snaktype ~= "value" then return end return prop424.mainsnak.datavalue.value end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- roundto takes a number (x) -- and returns it rounded to (sf) significant figures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local roundto = function(x, sf) if x == 0 then return 0 end local s = 1 if x < 0 then x = -x s = -1 end if sf < 1 then sf = 1 end local p = 10 ^ (math.floor(math.log10(x)) - sf + 1) x = math.floor(x / p + 0.5) * p * s -- if it's integral, cast to an integer: if x == math.floor(x) then x = math.floor(x) end return x end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- decimalToDMS takes a decimal degrees (x) with precision (p) -- and returns degrees/minutes/seconds according to the precision ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local decimalToDMS = function(x, p) -- if p is not supplied, use a precision around 0.1 seconds if not tonumber(p) then p = 1e-4 end local d = math.floor(x) local ms = (x - d) * 60 if p > 0.5 then -- precision is > 1/2 a degree if ms > 30 then d = d + 1 end ms = 0 end local m = math.floor(ms) local s = (ms - m) * 60 if p > 0.008 then -- precision is > 1/2 a minute if s > 30 then m = m +1 end s = 0 elseif p > 0.00014 then -- precision is > 1/2 a second s = math.floor(s + 0.5) elseif p > 0.000014 then -- precision is > 1/20 second s = math.floor(10 * s + 0.5) / 10 elseif p > 0.0000014 then -- precision is > 1/200 second s = math.floor(100 * s + 0.5) / 100 else -- cap it at 3 dec places for now s = math.floor(1000 * s + 0.5) / 1000 end return d, m, s end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- decimalPrecision takes a decimal (x) with precision (p) -- and returns x rounded approximately to the given precision -- precision should be between 1 and 1e-6, preferably a power of 10. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local decimalPrecision = function(x, p) local s = 1 if x < 0 then x = -x s = -1 end -- if p is not supplied, pick an arbitrary precision if not tonumber(p) then p = 1e-4 elseif p > 1 then p = 1 elseif p < 1e-6 then p = 1e-6 else p = 10 ^ math.floor(math.log10(p)) end x = math.floor(x / p + 0.5) * p * s -- if it's integral, cast to an integer: if x == math.floor(x) then x = math.floor(x) end -- if it's less than 1e-4, it will be in exponent form, so return a string with 6dp -- 9e-5 becomes 0.000090 if math.abs(x) < 1e-4 then x = string.format("%f", x) end return x end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- formatDate takes a datetime of the usual format from mw.wikibase.entity:formatPropertyValues -- like "1 August 30 BCE" as parameter 1 -- and formats it according to the df (date format) and bc parameters -- df = ["dmy" / "mdy" / "y"] default will be "dmy" -- bc = ["BC" / "BCE"] default will be "BCE" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local format_Date = function(datetime, dateformat, bc) local datetime = datetime or "1 August 30 BCE" -- in case of nil value -- chop off multiple vales and/or any hours, mins, etc. -- keep anything before punctuation - we just want a single date: local dateval = string.match( datetime, "[%w ]+") local dateformat = string.lower(dateformat or "dmy") -- default to dmy local bc = string.upper(bc or "") -- can't use nil for bc -- we only want to accept two possibilities: BC or default to BCE if bc == "BC" then bc = "&nbsp;" .. i18n["BC"] -- prepend a non-breaking space. else bc = "&nbsp;" .. i18n["BCE"] end local postchrist = true -- start by assuming no BCE local dateparts = {} for word in string.gmatch(dateval, "%w+") do if word == "BCE" or word == "BC" then -- *** internationalise later *** postchrist = false else -- we'll keep the parts that are not 'BCE' in a table dateparts[#dateparts + 1] = word end end if postchrist then bc = "" end -- set AD dates to no suffix *** internationalise later *** local sep = "&nbsp;" -- separator is nbsp local fdate = table.concat(dateparts, sep) -- set formatted date to same order as input -- if we have day month year, check dateformat if #dateparts == 3 then if dateformat == "y" then fdate = dateparts[3] elseif dateformat == "mdy" then fdate = dateparts[2] .. sep .. dateparts[1] .. "," .. sep .. dateparts[3] end elseif #dateparts == 2 and dateformat == "y" then fdate = dateparts[2] end return fdate .. bc end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- dateFormat is the handler for properties that are of type "time" -- It takes timestamp, precision (6 to 11 per mediawiki), dateformat (y/dmy/mdy), BC format (BC/BCE), -- a plaindate switch (yes/no/adj) to en/disable "sourcing circumstances"/use adjectival form, -- any qualifiers for the property, the language, and any adjective to use like 'before'. -- It passes the date through the "complex date" function -- and returns a string with the internatonalised date formatted according to preferences. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: findLang(); cdate(); dp[] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local dateFormat = function(timestamp, dprec, df, bcf, pd, qualifiers, lang, adj, model) -- output formatting according to preferences (y/dmy/mdy/ymd) df = (df or ""):lower() -- if ymd is required, return the part of the timestamp in YYYY-MM-DD form -- but apply Year zero#Astronomers fix: 1 BC = 0000; 2 BC = -0001; etc. if df == "ymd" then if timestamp:sub(1,1) == "+" then return timestamp:sub(2,11) else local yr = tonumber(timestamp:sub(2,5)) - 1 yr = ("000" .. yr):sub(-4) if yr ~= "0000" then yr = "-" .. yr end return yr .. timestamp:sub(6,11) end end -- A year can be stored like this: "+1872-00-00T00:00:00Z", -- which is processed here as if it were the day before "+1872-01-01T00:00:00Z", -- and that's the last day of 1871, so the year is wrong. -- So fix the month 0, day 0 timestamp to become 1 January instead: timestamp = timestamp:gsub("%-00%-00T", "-01-01T") -- just in case date precision is missing dprec = dprec or 11 -- override more precise dates if required dateformat is year alone: if df == "y" and dprec > 9 then dprec = 9 end -- complex date only deals with precisions from 6 to 11, so clip range dprec = dprec>11 and 11 or dprec dprec = dprec<6 and 6 or dprec -- BC format is "BC" or "BCE" bcf = (bcf or ""):upper() -- plaindate only needs the first letter (y/n/a) pd = (pd or ""):sub(1,1):lower() if pd == "" or pd == "n" or pd == "f" or pd == "0" then pd = false end -- in case language isn't passed lang = lang or findLang().code -- set adj as empty if nil adj = adj or "" -- extract the day, month, year from the timestamp local bc = timestamp:sub(1, 1)=="-" and "BC" or "" local year, month, day = timestamp:match("[+-](%d*)-(%d*)-(%d*)T") local iso = tonumber(year) -- if year is missing, let it throw an error -- this will adjust the date format to be compatible with cdate -- possible formats are Y, YY, YYY0, YYYY, YYYY-MM, YYYY-MM-DD if dprec == 6 then iso = math.floor( (iso - 1) / 1000 ) + 1 end if dprec == 7 then iso = math.floor( (iso - 1) / 100 ) + 1 end if dprec == 8 then iso = math.floor( iso / 10 ) .. "0" end if dprec == 10 then iso = year .. "-" .. month end if dprec == 11 then iso = year .. "-" .. month .. "-" .. day end -- add "circa" (Q5727902) from "sourcing circumstances" (P1480) local sc = not pd and qualifiers and qualifiers.P1480 if sc then for k1, v1 in pairs(sc) do if v1.datavalue and v1.datavalue.value.id == "Q5727902" then adj = "circa" break end end end -- deal with Julian dates: -- no point in saying that dates before 1582 are Julian - they are by default -- doesn't make sense for dates less precise than year -- we can suppress it by setting |plaindate, e.g. for use in constructing categories. local calendarmodel = "" if tonumber(year) > 1582 and dprec > 8 and not pd and model == "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985786" then calendarmodel = "julian" end if not cdate then cdate = require("Module:Complex date")._complex_date end local fdate = cdate(calendarmodel, adj, tostring(iso), dp[dprec], bc, "", "", "", "", lang, 1) -- this may have QuickStatements info appended to it in a div, so remove that fdate = fdate:gsub(' <div style="display: none;">[^<]*</div>', '') -- it may also be returned wrapped in a microformat, so remove that fdate = fdate:gsub("<[^>]*>", "") -- there may be leading zeros that we should remove fdate = fdate:gsub("^0*", "") -- if a plain date is required, then remove any links (like BC linked) if pd then fdate = fdate:gsub("%[%[.*|", ""):gsub("]]", "") end -- if 'circa', use the abbreviated form *** internationalise later *** fdate = fdate:gsub('circa ', '<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr>&nbsp;') -- deal with BC/BCE if bcf == "BCE" then fdate = fdate:gsub('BC', 'BCE') end -- deal with mdy format if df == "mdy" then fdate = fdate:gsub("(%d+) (%w+) (%d+)", "%2 %1, %3") end -- deal with adjectival form *** internationalise later *** if pd == "a" then fdate = fdate:gsub(' century', '-century') end return fdate end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- parseParam takes a (string) parameter, e.g. from the list of frame arguments, -- and makes "false", "no", and "0" into the (boolean) false -- it makes the empty string and nil into the (boolean) value passed as default -- allowing the parameter to be true or false by default. -- It returns a boolean. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local parseParam = function(param, default) if type(param) == "boolean" then param = tostring(param) end if param and param ~= "" then param = param:lower() if (param == "false") or (param:sub(1,1) == "n") or (param == "0") then return false else return true end else return default end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- _getSitelink takes the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid= -- It takes an optional parameter |wiki= to determine which wiki is to be checked for a sitelink -- If the parameter is blank, then it uses the local wiki. -- If there is a sitelink to an article available, it returns the plain text link to the article -- If there is no sitelink, it returns nil. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local _getSitelink = function(qid, wiki) qid = (qid or ""):upper() if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then return nil end wiki = wiki or "" local sitelink if wiki == "" then sitelink = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid) else sitelink = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid, wiki) end return sitelink end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- _getCommonslink takes an optional qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid= -- It returns one of the following in order of preference: -- the Commons sitelink of the Wikidata entity - but not if onlycat=true and it's not a category; -- the Commons sitelink of the topic's main category of the Wikidata entity; -- the Commons category of the Wikidata entity - unless fallback=false. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: _getSitelink(); parseParam() ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local _getCommonslink = function(qid, onlycat, fallback) qid = (qid or ""):upper() if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then return nil end onlycat = parseParam(onlycat, false) if fallback == "" then fallback = nil end local sitelink = _getSitelink(qid, "commonswiki") if onlycat and sitelink and sitelink:sub(1,9) ~= "Category:" then sitelink = nil end if not sitelink then -- check for topic's main category local prop910 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P910")[1] if prop910 then local tmcid = prop910.mainsnak.datavalue and prop910.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id sitelink = _getSitelink(tmcid, "commonswiki") end if not sitelink then -- check for list's main category local prop1754 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P1754")[1] if prop1754 then local tmcid = prop1754.mainsnak.datavalue and prop1754.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id sitelink = _getSitelink(tmcid, "commonswiki") end end end if not sitelink and fallback then -- check for Commons category (string value) local prop373 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P373")[1] if prop373 then sitelink = prop373.mainsnak.datavalue and prop373.mainsnak.datavalue.value if sitelink then sitelink = "Category:" .. sitelink end end end return sitelink end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- The label in a Wikidata item is subject to vulnerabilities -- that an attacker might try to exploit. -- It needs to be 'sanitised' by removing any wikitext before use. -- If it doesn't exist, return the id for the item -- a second (boolean) value is also returned, value is true when the label exists ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local labelOrId = function(id, lang) if lang == "default" then lang = findLang().code end local label if lang then label = mw.wikibase.getLabelByLang(id, lang) else label = mw.wikibase.getLabel(id) end if label then return mw.text.nowiki(label), true else return id, false end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- linkedItem takes an entity-id and returns a string, linked if possible. -- This is the handler for "wikibase-item". Preferences: -- 1. Display linked disambiguated sitelink if it exists -- 2. Display linked label if it is a redirect -- 3. TBA: Display an inter-language link for the label if it exists other than in default language -- 4. Display unlinked label if it exists -- 5. Display entity-id for now to indicate a label could be provided -- dtxt is text to be used instead of label, or nil. -- shortname is boolean switch to use P1813 (short name) instead of label if true. -- lang is the current language code. -- uselbl is boolean switch to force display of the label instead of the sitelink (default: false) -- linkredir is boolean switch to allow linking to a redirect (default: false) -- formatvalue is boolean switch to allow formatting as italics or quoted (default: false) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: labelOrId(); donotlink[] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local linkedItem = function(id, args) local lprefix = (args.lp or args.lprefix or args.linkprefix or ""):gsub('"', '') -- toughen against nil values passed local lpostfix = (args.lpostfix or ""):gsub('"', '') local prefix = (args.prefix or ""):gsub('"', '') local postfix = (args.postfix or ""):gsub('"', '') local dtxt = args.dtxt local shortname = args.shortname or args.sn local lang = args.lang or "en" -- fallback to default if missing local uselbl = args.uselabel or args.uselbl uselbl = parseParam(uselbl, false) local linkredir = args.linkredir linkredir = parseParam(linkredir, false) local formatvalue = args.formatvalue or args.fv formatvalue = parseParam(formatvalue, false) -- see if item might need italics or quotes local fmt = "" if next(formats) and formatvalue then for k, v in ipairs( mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(id, "P31") ) do if v.mainsnak.datavalue and formats[v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id] then fmt = formats[v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id] break -- pick the first match end end end local disp local sitelink = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(id) local label, islabel if dtxt then label, islabel = dtxt, true elseif shortname then -- see if there is a shortname in our language, and set label to it for k, v in ipairs( mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(id, "P1813") ) do if v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.language == lang then label, islabel = v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.text, true break end -- test for language match end -- loop through values of short name -- if we have no label set, then there was no shortname available if not islabel then label, islabel = labelOrId(id) shortname = false end else label, islabel = labelOrId(id) end if mw.site.siteName ~= "Wikimedia Commons" then if sitelink then if not (dtxt or shortname) then -- if sitelink and label are the same except for case, no need to process further if sitelink:lower() ~= label:lower() then -- strip any namespace or dab from the sitelink local pos = sitelink:find(":") or 0 local slink = sitelink if pos > 0 then local pfx = sitelink:sub(1,pos-1) if mw.site.namespaces[pfx] then -- that prefix is a valid namespace, so remove it slink = sitelink:sub(pos+1) end end -- remove stuff after commas or inside parentheses - ie. dabs slink = slink:gsub("%s%(.+%)$", ""):gsub(",.+$", "") -- if uselbl is false, use sitelink instead of label if not uselbl then -- use slink as display, preserving label case - find("^%u") is true for 1st char uppercase if label:find("^%u") then label = slink:gsub("^(%l)", string.upper) else label = slink:gsub("^(%u)", string.lower) end end end end if donotlink[label] then disp = prefix .. fmt .. label .. fmt .. postfix else disp = "[[" .. lprefix .. sitelink .. lpostfix .. "|" .. prefix .. fmt .. label .. fmt .. postfix .. "]]" end elseif islabel then -- no sitelink, label exists, so check if a redirect with that title exists, if linkredir is true -- display plain label by default disp = prefix .. fmt .. label .. fmt .. postfix if linkredir then local artitle = mw.title.new(label, 0) -- only nil if label has invalid chars if not donotlink[label] and artitle and artitle.redirectTarget then -- there's a redirect with the same title as the label, so let's link to that disp = "[[".. lprefix .. label .. lpostfix .. "|" .. prefix .. fmt .. label .. fmt .. postfix .. "]]" end end -- test if article title exists as redirect on current Wiki else -- no sitelink and no label, so return whatever was returned from labelOrId for now -- add tracking category [[Category:Articles with missing Wikidata information]] -- for enwiki, just return the tracking category if mw.wikibase.getGlobalSiteId() == "enwiki" then disp = i18n.missinginfocat else disp = prefix .. label .. postfix .. i18n.missinginfocat end end else local ccat = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(id, "P373")[1] if ccat and ccat.mainsnak.datavalue then ccat = ccat.mainsnak.datavalue.value disp = "[[" .. lprefix .. "Category:" .. ccat .. lpostfix .. "|" .. prefix .. label .. postfix .. "]]" elseif sitelink then -- this asumes that if a sitelink exists, then a label also exists disp = "[[" .. lprefix .. sitelink .. lpostfix .. "|" .. prefix .. label .. postfix .. "]]" else -- no sitelink and no Commons cat, so return label from labelOrId for now disp = prefix .. label .. postfix end end return disp end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- sourced takes a table representing a statement that may or may not have references -- it looks for a reference sourced to something not containing the word "wikipedia" -- it returns a boolean = true if it finds a sourced reference. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local sourced = function(claim) if claim.references then for kr, vr in pairs(claim.references) do local ref = mw.wikibase.renderSnaks(vr.snaks) if not ref:find("Wiki") then return true end end end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- setRanks takes a flag (parameter passed) that requests the values to return -- "b[est]" returns preferred if available, otherwise normal -- "p[referred]" returns preferred -- "n[ormal]" returns normal -- "d[eprecated]" returns deprecated -- multiple values are allowed, e.g. "preferred normal" (which is the default) -- "best" will override the other flags, and set p and n ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local setRanks = function(rank) rank = (rank or ""):lower() -- if nothing passed, return preferred and normal -- if rank == "" then rank = "p n" end local ranks = {} for w in string.gmatch(rank, "%a+") do w = w:sub(1,1) if w == "b" or w == "p" or w == "n" or w == "d" then ranks[w] = true end end -- check if "best" is requested or no ranks requested; and if so, set preferred and normal if ranks.b or not next(ranks) then ranks.p = true ranks.n = true end return ranks end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- parseInput processes the Q-id , the blacklist and the whitelist -- if an input parameter is supplied, it returns that and ends the call. -- it returns (1) either the qid or nil indicating whether or not the call should continue -- and (2) a table containing all of the statements for the propertyID and relevant Qid -- if "best" ranks are requested, it returns those instead of all non-deprecated ranks ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local parseInput = function(frame, input_parm, property_id) -- There may be a local parameter supplied, if it's blank, set it to nil input_parm = mw.text.trim(input_parm or "") if input_parm == "" then input_parm = nil end -- return nil if Wikidata is not available if not mw.wikibase then return false, input_parm end local args = frame.args -- can take a named parameter |qid which is the Wikidata ID for the article. -- if it's not supplied, use the id for the current page local qid = args.qid or "" if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end -- if there's no Wikidata item for the current page return nil if not qid then return false, input_parm end -- The blacklist is passed in named parameter |suppressfields local blacklist = args.suppressfields or args.spf or "" -- The whitelist is passed in named parameter |fetchwikidata local whitelist = args.fetchwikidata or args.fwd or "" if whitelist == "" then whitelist = "NONE" end -- The name of the field that this function is called from is passed in named parameter |name local fieldname = args.name or "" if blacklist ~= "" then -- The name is compulsory when blacklist is used, so return nil if it is not supplied if fieldname == "" then return false, nil end -- If this field is on the blacklist, then return nil if blacklist:find(fieldname) then return false, nil end end -- If we got this far then we're not on the blacklist -- The blacklist overrides any locally supplied parameter as well -- If a non-blank input parameter was supplied return it if input_parm then return false, input_parm end -- We can filter out non-valid properties if property_id:sub(1,1):upper() ~="P" or property_id == "P0" then return false, nil end -- Otherwise see if this field is on the whitelist: -- needs a bit more logic because find will return its second value = 0 if fieldname is "" -- but nil if fieldname not found on whitelist local _, found = whitelist:find(fieldname) found = ((found or 0) > 0) if whitelist ~= 'ALL' and (whitelist:upper() == "NONE" or not found) then return false, nil end -- See what's on Wikidata (the call always returns a table, but it may be empty): local props = {} if args.reqranks.b then props = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, property_id) else props = mw.wikibase.getAllStatements(qid, property_id) end if props[1] then return qid, props end -- no property on Wikidata return false, nil end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- createicon assembles the "Edit at Wikidata" pen icon. -- It returns a wikitext string inside a span class="penicon" -- if entityID is nil or empty, the ID associated with current page is used -- langcode and propertyID may be nil or empty ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: i18n[]; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local createicon = function(langcode, entityID, propertyID) langcode = langcode or "" if not entityID or entityID == "" then entityID= mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end propertyID = propertyID or "" local icon = "&nbsp;<span class='penicon autoconfirmed-show'>[[" -- "&nbsp;<span data-bridge-edit-flow='overwrite' class='penicon'>[[" -> enable Wikidata Bridge .. i18n["filespace"] .. ":OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg |frameless |text-top |10px |alt=" .. i18n["editonwikidata"] .. "|link=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/" .. entityID if langcode ~= "" then icon = icon .. "?uselang=" .. langcode end if propertyID ~= "" then icon = icon .. "#" .. propertyID end icon = icon .. "|" .. i18n["editonwikidata"] .. "]]</span>" return icon end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- assembleoutput takes the sequence table containing the property values -- and formats it according to switches given. It returns a string or nil. -- It uses the entityID (and optionally propertyID) to create a link in the pen icon. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam(); ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local assembleoutput = function(out, args, entityID, propertyID) -- sorted is a boolean passed to enable sorting of the values returned -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it false -- if "false" or "no" or "0" is passed set it false local sorted = parseParam(args.sorted, false) -- noicon is a boolean passed to suppress the trailing "edit at Wikidata" icon -- for use when the value is processed further by the infobox -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it false -- if "false" or "no" or "0" is passed set it false local noic = parseParam(args.noicon, false) -- list is the name of a template that a list of multiple values is passed through -- examples include "hlist" and "ubl" -- setting it to "prose" produces something like "1, 2, 3, and 4" local list = args.list or "" -- sep is a string that is used to separate multiple returned values -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it to the default -- any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed -- e.g. |sep=" - " local sepdefault = i18n["list separator"] local separator = args.sep or "" separator = string.gsub(separator, '"', '') if separator == "" then separator = sepdefault end -- collapse is a number that determines the maximum number of returned values -- before the output is collapsed. -- Zero or not a number result in no collapsing (default becomes 0). local collapse = tonumber(args.collapse) or 0 -- replacetext (rt) is a string that is returned instead of any non-empty Wikidata value -- this is useful for tracking and debugging local replacetext = mw.text.trim(args.rt or args.replacetext or "") -- if there's anything to return, then return a list -- comma-separated by default, but may be specified by the sep parameter -- optionally specify a hlist or ubl or a prose list, etc. local strout if #out > 0 then if sorted then table.sort(out) end -- if there's something to display and a pen icon is wanted, add it the end of the last value local hasdisplay = false for i, v in ipairs(out) do if v ~= i18n.missinginfocat then hasdisplay = true break end end if not noic and hasdisplay then out[#out] = out[#out] .. createicon(args.langobj.code, entityID, propertyID) end if list == "" then strout = table.concat(out, separator) elseif list:lower() == "prose" then strout = mw.text.listToText( out ) else strout = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = list, args = out} end if collapse >0 and #out > collapse then strout = collapsediv .. strout .. "</div>" end else strout = nil -- no items had valid reference end if replacetext ~= "" and strout then strout = replacetext end return strout end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- rendersnak takes a table (propval) containing the information stored on one property value -- and returns the value as a string and its language if monolingual text. -- It handles data of type: -- wikibase-item -- time -- string, url, commonsMedia, external-id -- quantity -- globe-coordinate -- monolingualtext -- It also requires linked, the link/pre/postfixes, uabbr, and the arguments passed from frame. -- The optional filter parameter allows quantities to be be filtered by unit Qid. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam(); labelOrId(); i18n[]; dateFormat(); -- roundto(); decimalPrecision(); decimalToDMS(); linkedItem(); ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local rendersnak = function(propval, args, linked, lpre, lpost, pre, post, uabbr, filter) lpre = lpre or "" lpost = lpost or "" pre = pre or "" post = post or "" args.lang = args.lang or findLang().code -- allow values to display a fixed text instead of label local dtxt = args.displaytext or args.dt if dtxt == "" then dtxt = nil end -- switch to use display of short name (P1813) instead of label local shortname = args.shortname or args.sn shortname = parseParam(shortname, false) local snak = propval.mainsnak or propval local dtype = snak.datatype local dv = snak.datavalue dv = dv and dv.value -- value and monolingual text language code returned local val, mlt if propval.rank and not args.reqranks[propval.rank:sub(1, 1)] then -- val is nil: value has a rank that isn't requested ------------------------------------ elseif snak.snaktype == "somevalue" then -- value is unknown val = i18n["Unknown"] ------------------------------------ elseif snak.snaktype == "novalue" then -- value is none -- val = "No value" -- don't return anything ------------------------------------ elseif dtype == "wikibase-item" then -- data type is a wikibase item: -- it's wiki-linked value, so output as link if enabled and possible local qnumber = dv.id if linked then val = linkedItem(qnumber, args) else -- no link wanted so check for display-text, otherwise test for lang code local label, islabel if dtxt then label = dtxt else label, islabel = labelOrId(qnumber) local langlabel = mw.wikibase.getLabelByLang(qnumber, args.lang) if langlabel then label = mw.text.nowiki( langlabel ) end end val = pre .. label .. post end -- test for link required ------------------------------------ elseif dtype == "time" then -- data type is time: -- time is in timestamp format -- date precision is integer per mediawiki -- output formatting according to preferences (y/dmy/mdy) -- BC format as BC or BCE -- plaindate is passed to disable looking for "sourcing cirumstances" -- or to set the adjectival form -- qualifiers (if any) is a nested table or nil -- lang is given, or user language, or site language -- -- Here we can check whether args.df has a value -- If not, use code from Module:Sandbox/RexxS/Getdateformat to set it from templates like {{Use mdy dates}} val = dateFormat(dv.time, dv.precision, args.df, args.bc, args.pd, propval.qualifiers, args.lang, "", dv.calendarmodel) ------------------------------------ -- data types which are strings: elseif dtype == "commonsMedia" or dtype == "external-id" or dtype == "string" or dtype == "url" then -- commonsMedia or external-id or string or url -- all have mainsnak.datavalue.value as string if (lpre == "" or lpre == ":") and lpost == "" then -- don't link if no linkpre/postfix or linkprefix is just ":" val = pre .. dv .. post elseif dtype == "external-id" then val = "[" .. lpre .. dv .. lpost .. " " .. pre .. dv .. post .. "]" else val = "[[" .. lpre .. dv .. lpost .. "|" .. pre .. dv .. post .. "]]" end -- check for link requested (i.e. either linkprefix or linkpostfix exists) ------------------------------------ -- data types which are quantities: elseif dtype == "quantity" then -- quantities have mainsnak.datavalue.value.amount and mainsnak.datavalue.value.unit -- the unit is of the form http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q829073 -- -- implement a switch to turn on/off numerical formatting later local fnum = true -- -- a switch to turn on/off conversions - only for en-wiki local conv = parseParam(args.conv or args.convert, false) -- if we have conversions, we won't have formatted numbers or scales if conv then uabbr = true fnum = false args.scale = "0" end -- -- a switch to turn on/off showing units, default is true local showunits = parseParam(args.su or args.showunits, true) -- -- convert amount to a number local amount = tonumber(dv.amount) or i18n["NaN"] -- -- scale factor for millions, billions, etc. local sc = tostring(args.scale or ""):sub(1,1):lower() local scale if sc == "a" then -- automatic scaling if amount > 1e15 then scale = 12 elseif amount > 1e12 then scale = 9 elseif amount > 1e9 then scale = 6 elseif amount > 1e6 then scale = 3 else scale = 0 end else scale = tonumber(args.scale) or 0 if scale < 0 or scale > 12 then scale = 0 end scale = math.floor(scale/3) * 3 end local factor = 10^scale amount = amount / factor -- ranges: local range = "" -- check if upper and/or lower bounds are given and significant local upb = tonumber(dv.upperBound) local lowb = tonumber(dv.lowerBound) if upb and lowb then -- differences rounded to 2 sig fig: local posdif = roundto(upb - amount, 2) / factor local negdif = roundto(amount - lowb, 2) / factor upb, lowb = amount + posdif, amount - negdif -- round scaled numbers to integers or 4 sig fig if (scale > 0 or sc == "a") then if amount < 1e4 then amount = roundto(amount, 4) else amount = math.floor(amount + 0.5) end end if fnum then amount = args.langobj:formatNum( amount ) end if posdif ~= negdif then -- non-symmetrical range = " +" .. posdif .. " -" .. negdif elseif posdif ~= 0 then -- symmetrical and non-zero range = " ±" .. posdif else -- otherwise range is zero, so leave it as "" end else -- round scaled numbers to integers or 4 sig fig if (scale > 0 or sc == "a") then if amount < 1e4 then amount = roundto(amount, 4) else amount = math.floor(amount + 0.5) end end if fnum then amount = args.langobj:formatNum( amount ) end end -- unit names and symbols: -- extract the qid in the form 'Qnnn' from the value.unit url -- and then fetch the label from that - or symbol if unitabbr is true local unit = "" local usep = "" local usym = "" local unitqid = string.match( dv.unit, "(Q%d+)" ) if filter and unitqid ~= filter then return nil end if unitqid and showunits then local uname = mw.wikibase.getLabelByLang(unitqid, args.lang) or "" if uname ~= "" then usep, unit = " ", uname end if uabbr then -- see if there's a unit symbol (P5061) local unitsymbols = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(unitqid, "P5061") -- construct fallback table, add local lang and multiple languages local fbtbl = mw.language.getFallbacksFor( args.lang, mw.language.FALLBACK_STRICT ) table.insert( fbtbl, 1, args.lang ) table.insert( fbtbl, "mul" ) table.insert( fbtbl, "en" ) local found = false for idx1, us in ipairs(unitsymbols) do for idx2, fblang in ipairs(fbtbl) do if us.mainsnak.datavalue.value.language == fblang then usym = us.mainsnak.datavalue.value.text found = true break end end -- loop through fallback table if found then break end end -- loop through values of P5061 if found then usep, unit = "&nbsp;", usym end end end -- format display: if conv then if range == "" then val = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = "cvt", args = {amount, unit}} else val = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = "cvt", args = {lowb, "to", upb, unit}} end elseif unit == "$" or unit == "£" then val = unit .. amount .. range .. i18n.multipliers[scale] else val = amount .. range .. i18n.multipliers[scale] .. usep .. unit end ------------------------------------ -- datatypes which are global coordinates: elseif dtype == "globe-coordinate" then -- 'display' parameter defaults to "inline, title" *** unused for now *** -- local disp = args.display or "" -- if disp == "" then disp = "inline, title" end -- -- format parameter switches from deg/min/sec to decimal degrees -- default is deg/min/sec -- decimal degrees needs |format = dec local form = (args.format or ""):lower():sub(1,3) if form ~= "dec" then form = "dms" end -- not needed for now -- -- show parameter allows just the latitude, or just the longitude, or both -- to be returned as a signed decimal, ignoring the format parameter. local show = (args.show or ""):lower() if show ~= "longlat" then show = show:sub(1,3) end -- local lat, long, prec = dv.latitude, dv.longitude, dv.precision if show == "lat" then val = decimalPrecision(lat, prec) elseif show == "lon" then val = decimalPrecision(long, prec) elseif show == "longlat" then val = decimalPrecision(long, prec) .. ", " .. decimalPrecision(lat, prec) else local ns = "N" local ew = "E" if lat < 0 then ns = "S" lat = - lat end if long < 0 then ew = "W" long = - long end if form == "dec" then lat = decimalPrecision(lat, prec) long = decimalPrecision(long, prec) val = lat .. "°" .. ns .. " " .. long .. "°" .. ew else local latdeg, latmin, latsec = decimalToDMS(lat, prec) local longdeg, longmin, longsec = decimalToDMS(long, prec) if latsec == 0 and longsec == 0 then if latmin == 0 and longmin == 0 then val = latdeg .. "°" .. ns .. " " .. longdeg .. "°" .. ew else val = latdeg .. "°" .. latmin .. "′" .. ns .. " " val = val .. longdeg .. "°".. longmin .. "′" .. ew end else val = latdeg .. "°" .. latmin .. "′" .. latsec .. "″" .. ns .. " " val = val .. longdeg .. "°" .. longmin .. "′" .. longsec .. "″" .. ew end end end ------------------------------------ elseif dtype == "monolingualtext" then -- data type is Monolingual text: -- has mainsnak.datavalue.value as a table containing language/text pairs -- collect all the values in 'out' and languages in 'mlt' and process them later val = pre .. dv.text .. post mlt = dv.language ------------------------------------ else -- some other data type so write a specific handler val = "unknown data type: " .. dtype end -- of datatype/unknown value/sourced check return val, mlt end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- propertyvalueandquals takes a property object, the arguments passed from frame, -- and a qualifier propertyID. -- It returns a sequence (table) of values representing the values of that property -- and qualifiers that match the qualifierID if supplied. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam(); sourced(); labelOrId(); i18n.latestdatequalifier(); format_Date(); -- makeOrdinal(); roundto(); decimalPrecision(); decimalToDMS(); assembleoutput(); ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local function propertyvalueandquals(objproperty, args, qualID) -- needs this style of declaration because it's re-entrant -- onlysourced is a boolean passed to return only values sourced to other than Wikipedia -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it true local onlysrc = parseParam(args.onlysourced or args.osd, true) -- linked is a a boolean that enables the link to a local page via sitelink -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it true local linked = parseParam(args.linked, true) -- prefix is a string that may be nil, empty (""), or a string of characters -- this is prefixed to each value -- useful when when multiple values are returned -- any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed local prefix = (args.prefix or ""):gsub('"', '') -- postfix is a string that may be nil, empty (""), or a string of characters -- this is postfixed to each value -- useful when when multiple values are returned -- any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed local postfix = (args.postfix or ""):gsub('"', '') -- linkprefix is a string that may be nil, empty (""), or a string of characters -- this creates a link and is then prefixed to each value -- useful when when multiple values are returned and indirect links are needed -- any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed local lprefix = (args.linkprefix or args.lp or ""):gsub('"', '') -- linkpostfix is a string that may be nil, empty (""), or a string of characters -- this is postfixed to each value when linking is enabled with lprefix -- useful when when multiple values are returned -- any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed local lpostfix = (args.linkpostfix or ""):gsub('"', '') -- wdlinks is a boolean passed to enable links to Wikidata when no article exists -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it false local wdl = parseParam(args.wdlinks or args.wdl, false) -- unitabbr is a boolean passed to enable unit abbreviations for common units -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it false local uabbr = parseParam(args.unitabbr or args.uabbr, false) -- qualsonly is a boolean passed to return just the qualifiers -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it false local qualsonly = parseParam(args.qualsonly or args.qo, false) -- maxvals is a string that may be nil, empty (""), or a number -- this determines how many items may be returned when multiple values are available -- setting it = 1 is useful where the returned string is used within another call, e.g. image local maxvals = tonumber(args.maxvals) or 0 -- pd (plain date) is a string: yes/true/1 | no/false/0 | adj -- to disable/enable "sourcing cirumstances" or use adjectival form for the plain date local pd = args.plaindate or args.pd or "no" args.pd = pd -- allow qualifiers to have a different date format; default to year unless qualsonly is set args.qdf = args.qdf or args.qualifierdateformat or args.df or (not qualsonly and "y") local lang = args.lang or findLang().code -- qualID is a string list of wanted qualifiers or "ALL" qualID = qualID or "" -- capitalise list of wanted qualifiers and substitute "DATES" qualID = qualID:upper():gsub("DATES", "P580, P582") local allflag = (qualID == "ALL") -- create table of wanted qualifiers as key local qwanted = {} -- create sequence of wanted qualifiers local qorder = {} for q in mw.text.gsplit(qualID, "%p") do -- split at punctuation and iterate local qtrim = mw.text.trim(q) if qtrim ~= "" then qwanted[mw.text.trim(q)] = true qorder[#qorder+1] = qtrim end end -- qsep is the output separator for rendering qualifier list local qsep = (args.qsep or ""):gsub('"', '') -- qargs are the arguments to supply to assembleoutput() local qargs = { ["osd"] = "false", ["linked"] = tostring(linked), ["prefix"] = args.qprefix, ["postfix"] = args.qpostfix, ["linkprefix"] = args.qlinkprefix or args.qlp, ["linkpostfix"] = args.qlinkpostfix, ["wdl"] = "false", ["unitabbr"] = tostring(uabbr), ["maxvals"] = 0, ["sorted"] = tostring(args.qsorted), ["noicon"] = "true", ["list"] = args.qlist, ["sep"] = qsep, ["langobj"] = args.langobj, ["lang"] = args.langobj.code, ["df"] = args.qdf, ["sn"] = parseParam(args.qsn or args.qshortname, false), } -- all proper values of a Wikidata property will be the same type as the first -- qualifiers don't have a mainsnak, properties do local datatype = objproperty[1].datatype or objproperty[1].mainsnak.datatype -- out[] holds the a list of returned values for this property -- mlt[] holds the language code if the datatype is monolingual text local out = {} local mlt = {} for k, v in ipairs(objproperty) do local hasvalue = true if (onlysrc and not sourced(v)) then -- no value: it isn't sourced when onlysourced=true hasvalue = false else local val, lcode = rendersnak(v, args, linked, lprefix, lpostfix, prefix, postfix, uabbr) if not val then hasvalue = false -- rank doesn't match elseif qualsonly and qualID then -- suppress value returned: only qualifiers are requested else out[#out+1], mlt[#out+1] = val, lcode end end -- See if qualifiers are to be returned: local snak = v.mainsnak or v if hasvalue and v.qualifiers and qualID ~= "" and snak.snaktype~="novalue" then -- collect all wanted qualifier values returned in qlist, indexed by propertyID local qlist = {} local timestart, timeend = "", "" -- loop through qualifiers for k1, v1 in pairs(v.qualifiers) do if allflag or qwanted[k1] then if k1 == "P1326" then local ts = v1[1].datavalue.value.time local dp = v1[1].datavalue.value.precision qlist[k1] = dateFormat(ts, dp, args.qdf, args.bc, pd, "", lang, "before") elseif k1 == "P1319" then local ts = v1[1].datavalue.value.time local dp = v1[1].datavalue.value.precision qlist[k1] = dateFormat(ts, dp, args.qdf, args.bc, pd, "", lang, "after") elseif k1 == "P580" then timestart = propertyvalueandquals(v1, qargs)[1] or "" -- treat only one start time as valid elseif k1 == "P582" then timeend = propertyvalueandquals(v1, qargs)[1] or "" -- treat only one end time as valid else local q = assembleoutput(propertyvalueandquals(v1, qargs), qargs) -- we already deal with circa via 'sourcing circumstances' if the datatype was time -- circa may be either linked or unlinked *** internationalise later *** if datatype ~= "time" or q ~= "circa" and not (type(q) == "string" and q:find("circa]]")) then qlist[k1] = q end end end -- of test for wanted end -- of loop through qualifiers -- set date separator local t = timestart .. timeend -- *** internationalise date separators later *** local dsep = "&ndash;" if t:find("%s") or t:find("&nbsp;") then dsep = " &ndash; " end -- set the order for the list of qualifiers returned; start time and end time go last if next(qlist) then local qlistout = {} if allflag then for k2, v2 in pairs(qlist) do qlistout[#qlistout+1] = v2 end else for i2, v2 in ipairs(qorder) do qlistout[#qlistout+1] = qlist[v2] end end if t ~= "" then qlistout[#qlistout+1] = timestart .. dsep .. timeend end local qstr = assembleoutput(qlistout, qargs) if qualsonly then out[#out+1] = qstr else out[#out] = out[#out] .. " (" .. qstr .. ")" end elseif t ~= "" then if qualsonly then if timestart == "" then out[#out+1] = timeend elseif timeend == "" then out[#out+1] = timestart else out[#out+1] = timestart .. dsep .. timeend end else out[#out] = out[#out] .. " (" .. timestart .. dsep .. timeend .. ")" end end end -- of test for qualifiers wanted if maxvals > 0 and #out >= maxvals then break end end -- of for each value loop -- we need to pick one value to return if the datatype was "monolingualtext" -- if there's only one value, use that -- otherwise look through the fallback languages for a match if datatype == "monolingualtext" and #out >1 then lang = mw.text.split( lang, '-', true )[1] local fbtbl = mw.language.getFallbacksFor( lang ) table.insert( fbtbl, 1, lang ) local bestval = "" local found = false for idx1, lang1 in ipairs(fbtbl) do for idx2, lang2 in ipairs(mlt) do if (lang1 == lang2) and not found then bestval = out[idx2] found = true break end end -- loop through values of property end -- loop through fallback languages if found then -- replace output table with a table containing the best value out = { bestval } else -- more than one value and none of them on the list of fallback languages -- sod it, just give them the first one out = { out[1] } end end return out end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Common code for p.getValueByQual and p.getValueByLang ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local _getvaluebyqual = function(frame, qualID, checkvalue) -- The property ID that will have a qualifier is the first unnamed parameter local propertyID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "") if propertyID == "" then return "no property supplied" end if qualID == "" then return "no qualifier supplied" end -- onlysourced is a boolean passed to return property values -- only when property values are sourced to something other than Wikipedia -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it true -- if "false" or "no" or 0 is passed set it false local onlysrc = parseParam(frame.args.onlysourced or frame.args.osd, true) -- set the requested ranks flags frame.args.reqranks = setRanks(frame.args.rank) -- set a language object and code in the frame.args table frame.args.langobj = findLang(frame.args.lang) frame.args.lang = frame.args.langobj.code local args = frame.args -- check for locally supplied parameter in second unnamed parameter -- success means no local parameter and the property exists local qid, props = parseInput(frame, args[2], propertyID) local linked = parseParam(args.linked, true) local lpre = (args.linkprefix or args.lp or ""):gsub('"', '') local lpost = (args.linkpostfix or ""):gsub('"', '') local pre = (args.prefix or ""):gsub('"', '') local post = (args.postfix or ""):gsub('"', '') local uabbr = parseParam(args.unitabbr or args.uabbr, false) local filter = (args.unit or ""):upper() local maxvals = tonumber(args.maxvals) or 0 if filter == "" then filter = nil end if qid then local out = {} -- Scan through the values of the property -- we want something like property is "pronunciation audio (P443)" in propertyID -- with a qualifier like "language of work or name (P407)" in qualID -- whose value has the required ID, like "British English (Q7979)", in qval for k1, v1 in ipairs(props) do if v1.mainsnak.snaktype == "value" then -- check if it has the right qualifier local v1q = v1.qualifiers if v1q and v1q[qualID] then if onlysrc == false or sourced(v1) then -- if we've got this far, we have a (sourced) claim with qualifiers -- so see if matches the required value -- We'll only deal with wikibase-items and strings for now if v1q[qualID][1].datatype == "wikibase-item" then if checkvalue(v1q[qualID][1].datavalue.value.id) then out[#out + 1] = rendersnak(v1, args, linked, lpre, lpost, pre, post, uabbr, filter) end elseif v1q[qualID][1].datatype == "string" then if checkvalue(v1q[qualID][1].datavalue.value) then out[#out + 1] = rendersnak(v1, args, linked, lpre, lpost, pre, post, uabbr, filter) end end end -- of check for sourced end -- of check for matching required value and has qualifiers else return nil end -- of check for string if maxvals > 0 and #out >= maxvals then break end end -- of loop through values of propertyID return assembleoutput(out, frame.args, qid, propertyID) else return props -- either local parameter or nothing end -- of test for success return nil end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- _location takes Q-id and follows P276 (location) -- or P131 (located in the administrative territorial entity) or P706 (located on terrain feature) -- from the initial item to higher level territories/locations until it reaches the highest. -- An optional boolean, 'first', determines whether the first item is returned (default: false). -- An optional boolean 'skip' toggles the display to skip to the last item (default: false). -- It returns a table containing the locations - linked where possible, except for the highest. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: findLang(); labelOrId(); linkedItem ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local _location = function(qid, first, skip) first = parseParam(first, false) skip = parseParam(skip, false) local locs = {"P276", "P131", "P706"} local out = {} local langcode = findLang():getCode() local finished = false local count = 0 local prevqid = "Q0" repeat local prop for i1, v1 in ipairs(locs) do local proptbl = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, v1) if #proptbl > 1 then -- there is more than one higher location local prevP131, prevP131id if prevqid ~= "Q0" then prevP131 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(prevqid, "P131")[1] prevP131id = prevP131 and prevP131.mainsnak.datavalue and prevP131.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id end for i2, v2 in ipairs(proptbl) do local parttbl = v2.qualifiers and v2.qualifiers.P518 if parttbl then -- this higher location has qualifier 'applies to part' (P518) for i3, v3 in ipairs(parttbl) do if v3.snaktype == "value" and v3.datavalue.value.id == prevqid then -- it has a value equal to the previous location prop = proptbl[i2] break end -- of test for matching last location end -- of loop through values of 'applies to part' else -- there's no qualifier 'applies to part' (P518) -- so check if the previous location had a P131 that matches this alternate if qid == prevP131id then prop = proptbl[i2] break end -- of test for matching previous P131 end end -- of loop through parent locations -- fallback to second value if match not found prop = prop or proptbl[2] elseif #proptbl > 0 then prop = proptbl[1] end if prop then break end end -- check if it's an instance of (P31) a country (Q6256) or sovereign state (Q3624078) -- and terminate the chain if it is local inst = mw.wikibase.getAllStatements(qid, "P31") if #inst > 0 then for k, v in ipairs(inst) do local instid = v.mainsnak.datavalue and v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id -- stop if it's a country (or a country within the United Kingdom if skip is true) if instid == "Q6256" or instid == "Q3624078" or (skip and instid == "Q3336843") then prop = nil -- this will ensure this is treated as top-level location break end end end -- get the name of this location and update qid to point to the parent location if prop and prop.mainsnak.datavalue then if not skip or count == 0 then local args = { lprefix = ":" } out[#out+1] = linkedItem(qid, args) -- get a linked value if we can end qid, prevqid = prop.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id, qid else -- This is top-level location, so get short name except when this is the first item -- Use full label if there's no short name or this is the first item local prop1813 = mw.wikibase.getAllStatements(qid, "P1813") -- if there's a short name and this isn't the only item if prop1813[1] and (#out > 0)then local shortname -- short name is monolingual text, so look for match to the local language -- choose the shortest 'short name' in that language for k, v in pairs(prop1813) do if v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.language == langcode then local name = v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.text if (not shortname) or (#name < #shortname) then shortname = name end end end -- add the shortname if one is found, fallback to the label -- but skip it if it's "USA" if shortname ~= "USA" then out[#out+1] = shortname or labelOrId(qid) else if skip then out[#out+1] = "US" end end else -- no shortname, so just add the label local loc = labelOrId(qid) -- exceptions go here: if loc == "United States of America" then out[#out+1] = "United States" else out[#out+1] = loc end end finished = true end count = count + 1 until finished or count >= 10 -- limit to 10 levels to avoid infinite loops -- remove the first location if not required if not first then table.remove(out, 1) end -- we might have duplicate text for consecutive locations, so remove them if #out > 2 then local plain = {} for i, v in ipairs(out) do -- strip any links plain[i] = v:gsub("^%[%[[^|]*|", ""):gsub("]]$", "") end local idx = 2 repeat if plain[idx] == plain[idx-1] then -- duplicate found local removeidx = 0 if (plain[idx] ~= out[idx]) and (plain[idx-1] == out[idx-1]) then -- only second one is linked, so drop the first removeidx = idx - 1 elseif (plain[idx] == out[idx]) and (plain[idx-1] ~= out[idx-1]) then -- only first one is linked, so drop the second removeidx = idx else -- pick one removeidx = idx - (os.time()%2) end table.remove(out, removeidx) table.remove(plain, removeidx) else idx = idx +1 end until idx >= #out end return out end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- _getsumofparts scans the property 'has part' (P527) for values matching a list. -- The list (args.vlist) consists of a string of Qids separated by spaces or any usual punctuation. -- If the matched values have a qualifer 'quantity' (P1114), those quantites are summed. -- The sum is returned as a number (i.e. 0 if none) -- a table of arguments is supplied implementing the usual parameters. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: setRanks; parseParam; parseInput; sourced; assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local _getsumofparts = function(args) local vallist = (args.vlist or ""):upper() if vallist == "" then return end args.reqranks = setRanks(args.rank) local f = {} f.args = args local qid, props = parseInput(f, "", "P527") if not qid then return 0 end local onlysrc = parseParam(args.onlysourced or args.osd, true) local sum = 0 for k1, v1 in ipairs(props) do if (onlysrc == false or sourced(v1)) and v1.mainsnak.snaktype == "value" and v1.mainsnak.datavalue.type == "wikibase-entityid" and vallist:match( v1.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id ) and v1.qualifiers then local quals = v1.qualifiers["P1114"] if quals then for k2, v2 in ipairs(quals) do sum = sum + v2.datavalue.value.amount end end end end return sum end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Public functions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- _getValue makes the functionality of getValue available to other modules ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: setRanks; parseInput; propertyvalueandquals; assembleoutput; parseParam; sourced; -- labelOrId; i18n.latestdatequalifier; format_Date; makeOrdinal; roundto; decimalPrecision; decimalToDMS; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p._getValue = function(args) -- parameter sets for commonly used groups of parameters local paraset = tonumber(args.ps or args.parameterset or 0) if paraset == 1 then -- a common setting, not usable in infoboxes because the 2018 RFC requires sources args.rank = "best" args.fetchwikidata = "ALL" args.onlysourced = "no" args.noicon = "true" elseif paraset == 2 then -- equivalent to raw, not usable in infoboxes because the 2018 RFC requires sources args.rank = "best" args.fetchwikidata = "ALL" args.onlysourced = "no" args.noicon = "true" args.linked = "no" args.pd = "true" elseif paraset == 3 then -- parameterset 1, but usable in infoboxes because the 2018 RFC requires sources args.rank = "best" args.fetchwikidata = "ALL" args.onlysourced = "yes" args.noicon = "true" end -- implement eid parameter local eid = args.eid if eid == "" then return nil elseif eid then args.qid = eid end local propertyID = mw.text.trim(args[1] or "") args.reqranks = setRanks(args.rank) -- replacetext (rt) is a string that is returned instead of any non-empty Wikidata value -- this is useful for tracking and debugging, so we set fetchwikidata=ALL to fill the whitelist local replacetext = mw.text.trim(args.rt or args.replacetext or "") if replacetext ~= "" then args.fetchwikidata = "ALL" end local f = {} f.args = args local entityid, props = parseInput(f, f.args[2], propertyID) if not entityid then return props -- either the input parameter or nothing end -- qual is a string containing the property ID of the qualifier(s) to be returned -- if qual == "ALL" then all qualifiers returned -- if qual == "DATES" then qualifiers P580 (start time) and P582 (end time) returned -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it nil -> no qualifiers returned local qualID = mw.text.trim(args.qual or ""):upper() if qualID == "" then qualID = nil end -- set a language object and code in the args table args.langobj = findLang(args.lang) args.lang = args.langobj.code -- table 'out' stores the return value(s): local out = propertyvalueandquals(props, args, qualID) -- format the table of values and return it as a string: return assembleoutput(out, args, entityid, propertyID) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getValue is used to get the value(s) of a property -- The property ID is passed as the first unnamed parameter and is required. -- A locally supplied parameter may optionaly be supplied as the second unnamed parameter. -- The function will now also return qualifiers if parameter qual is supplied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: _getValue; setRanks; parseInput; propertyvalueandquals; assembleoutput; parseParam; sourced; -- labelOrId; i18n.latestdatequalifier; format_Date; makeOrdinal; roundto; decimalPrecision; decimalToDMS; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getValue = function(frame) local args= frame.args if not args[1] then args = frame:getParent().args if not args[1] then return i18n.errors["No property supplied"] end end return p._getValue(args) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getPreferredValue is used to get a value, -- (or a comma separated list of them if multiple values exist). -- If preferred ranks are set, it will return those values, otherwise values with normal ranks -- now redundant to getValue with |rank=best ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: p.getValue; setRanks; parseInput; propertyvalueandquals; assembleoutput; -- parseParam; sourced; labelOrId; i18n.latestdatequalifier; format_Date; -- makeOrdinal; roundto; decimalPrecision; decimalToDMS; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getPreferredValue = function(frame) frame.args.rank = "best" return p.getValue(frame) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getCoords is used to get coordinates for display in an infobox -- whitelist and blacklist are implemented -- optional 'display' parameter is allowed, defaults to nil - was "inline, title" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: setRanks(); parseInput(); decimalPrecision(); ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getCoords = function(frame) local propertyID = "P625" -- if there is a 'display' parameter supplied, use it -- otherwise default to nothing local disp = frame.args.display or "" if disp == "" then disp = nil -- default to not supplying display parameter, was "inline, title" end -- there may be a format parameter to switch from deg/min/sec to decimal degrees -- default is deg/min/sec -- decimal degrees needs |format = dec local form = (frame.args.format or ""):lower():sub(1,3) if form ~= "dec" then form = "dms" end -- just deal with best values frame.args.reqranks = setRanks("best") local qid, props = parseInput(frame, frame.args[1], propertyID) if not qid then return props -- either local parameter or nothing else local dv = props[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value local lat, long, prec = dv.latitude, dv.longitude, dv.precision lat = decimalPrecision(lat, prec) long = decimalPrecision(long, prec) local lat_long = { lat, long } lat_long["display"] = disp lat_long["format"] = form -- invoke template Coord with the values stored in the table return frame:expandTemplate{title = 'coord', args = lat_long} end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getQualifierValue is used to get a formatted value of a qualifier -- -- The call needs: a property (the unnamed parameter or 1=) -- a target value for that property (pval=) -- a qualifier for that target value (qual=) -- The usual whitelisting and blacklisting of the property is implemented -- The boolean onlysourced= parameter can be set to return nothing -- when the property is unsourced (or only sourced to Wikipedia) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam(); setRanks(); parseInput(); sourced(); -- propertyvalueandquals(); assembleoutput(); -- labelOrId(); i18n.latestdatequalifier(); format_Date(); -- findLang(); makeOrdinal(); roundto(); decimalPrecision(); decimalToDMS(); ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getQualifierValue = function(frame) -- The property ID that will have a qualifier is the first unnamed parameter local propertyID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "") -- The value of the property we want to match whose qualifier value is to be returned -- is passed in named parameter |pval= local propvalue = frame.args.pval -- The property ID of the qualifier -- whose value is to be returned is passed in named parameter |qual= local qualifierID = frame.args.qual -- A filter can be set like this: filter=P642==Q22674854 local filter, fprop, fval local ftable = mw.text.split(frame.args.filter or "", "==") if ftable[2] then fprop = mw.text.trim(ftable[1]) fval = mw.text.trim(ftable[2]) filter = true end -- onlysourced is a boolean passed to return qualifiers -- only when property values are sourced to something other than Wikipedia -- if nothing or an empty string is passed set it true -- if "false" or "no" or 0 is passed set it false local onlysrc = parseParam(frame.args.onlysourced or frame.args.osd, true) -- set a language object and language code in the frame.args table frame.args.langobj = findLang(frame.args.lang) frame.args.lang = frame.args.langobj.code -- set the requested ranks flags frame.args.reqranks = setRanks(frame.args.rank) -- check for locally supplied parameter in second unnamed parameter -- success means no local parameter and the property exists local qid, props = parseInput(frame, frame.args[2], propertyID) if qid then local out = {} -- Scan through the values of the property -- we want something like property is P793, significant event (in propertyID) -- whose value is something like Q385378, construction (in propvalue) -- then we can return the value(s) of a qualifier such as P580, start time (in qualifierID) for k1, v1 in pairs(props) do if v1.mainsnak.snaktype == "value" and v1.mainsnak.datavalue.type == "wikibase-entityid" then -- It's a wiki-linked value, so check if it's the target (in propvalue) and if it has qualifiers if v1.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id == propvalue and v1.qualifiers then if onlysrc == false or sourced(v1) then -- if we've got this far, we have a (sourced) claim with qualifiers -- which matches the target, so apply the filter and find the value(s) of the qualifier we want if not filter or (v1.qualifiers[fprop] and v1.qualifiers[fprop][1].datavalue.value.id == fval) then local quals = v1.qualifiers[qualifierID] if quals then -- can't reference qualifer, so set onlysourced = "no" (args are strings, not boolean) local qargs = frame.args qargs.onlysourced = "no" local vals = propertyvalueandquals(quals, qargs, qid) for k, v in ipairs(vals) do out[#out + 1] = v end end end end -- of check for sourced end -- of check for matching required value and has qualifiers end -- of check for wikibase entity end -- of loop through values of propertyID return assembleoutput(out, frame.args, qid, propertyID) else return props -- either local parameter or nothing end -- of test for success return nil end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getSumOfParts scans the property 'has part' (P527) for values matching a list. -- The list is passed in parameter vlist. -- It consists of a string of Qids separated by spaces or any usual punctuation. -- If the matched values have a qualifier 'quantity' (P1114), those quantities are summed. -- The sum is returned as a number or nothing if zero. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: _getsumofparts; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getSumOfParts = function(frame) local sum = _getsumofparts(frame.args) if sum == 0 then return end return sum end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getValueByQual gets the value of a property which has a qualifier with a given entity value -- The call needs: -- a property ID (the unnamed parameter or 1=Pxxx) -- the ID of a qualifier for that property (qualID=Pyyy) -- either the Wikibase-entity ID of a value for that qualifier (qvalue=Qzzz) -- or a string value for that qualifier (qvalue=abc123) -- The usual whitelisting, blacklisting, onlysourced, etc. are implemented ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: _getvaluebyqual; parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; -- assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getValueByQual = function(frame) local qualID = frame.args.qualID -- The Q-id of the value for the qualifier we want to match is in named parameter |qvalue= local qval = frame.args.qvalue or "" if qval == "" then return "no qualifier value supplied" end local function checkQID(id) return id == qval end return _getvaluebyqual(frame, qualID, checkQID) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getValueByLang gets the value of a property which has a qualifier P407 -- ("language of work or name") whose value has the given language code -- The call needs: -- a property ID (the unnamed parameter or 1=Pxxx) -- the MediaWiki language code to match the language (lang=xx[-yy]) -- (if no code is supplied, it uses the default language) -- The usual whitelisting, blacklisting, onlysourced, etc. are implemented ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: _getvaluebyqual; parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getValueByLang = function(frame) -- The language code for the qualifier we want to match is in named parameter |lang= local langcode = findLang(frame.args.lang).code local function checkLanguage(id) -- id should represent a language like "British English (Q7979)" -- it should have string property "Wikimedia language code (P424)" -- qlcode will be a table: local qlcode = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(id, "P424") if (#qlcode > 0) and (qlcode[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value == langcode) then return true end end return _getvaluebyqual(frame, "P407", checkLanguage) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getValueByRefSource gets the value of a property which has a reference "stated in" (P248) -- whose value has the given entity-ID. -- The call needs: -- a property ID (the unnamed parameter or 1=Pxxx) -- the entity ID of a value to match where the reference is stated in (match=Qzzz) -- The usual whitelisting, blacklisting, onlysourced, etc. are implemented ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; propertyvalueandquals assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getValueByRefSource = function(frame) -- The property ID that we want to check is the first unnamed parameter local propertyID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or ""):upper() if propertyID == "" then return "no property supplied" end -- The Q-id of the value we want to match is in named parameter |qvalue= local qval = (frame.args.match or ""):upper() if qval == "" then qval = "Q21540096" end local unit = (frame.args.unit or ""):upper() if unit == "" then unit = "Q4917" end local onlysrc = parseParam(frame.args.onlysourced or frame.args.osd, true) -- set the requested ranks flags frame.args.reqranks = setRanks(frame.args.rank) -- set a language object and code in the frame.args table frame.args.langobj = findLang(frame.args.lang) frame.args.lang = frame.args.langobj.code local linked = parseParam(frame.args.linked, true) local uabbr = parseParam(frame.args.uabbr or frame.args.unitabbr, false) -- qid not nil means no local parameter and the property exists local qid, props = parseInput(frame, frame.args[2], propertyID) if qid then local out = {} local mlt= {} for k1, v1 in ipairs(props) do if onlysrc == false or sourced(v1) then if v1.references then for k2, v2 in ipairs(v1.references) do if v2.snaks.P248 then for k3, v3 in ipairs(v2.snaks.P248) do if v3.datavalue.value.id == qval then out[#out+1], mlt[#out+1] = rendersnak(v1, frame.args, linked, "", "", "", "", uabbr, unit) if not mlt[#out] then -- we only need one match per property value -- unless datatype was monolingual text break end end -- of test for match end -- of loop through values "stated in" end -- of test that "stated in" exists end -- of loop through references end -- of test that references exist end -- of test for sourced end -- of loop through values of propertyID if #mlt > 0 then local langcode = frame.args.lang langcode = mw.text.split( langcode, '-', true )[1] local fbtbl = mw.language.getFallbacksFor( langcode ) table.insert( fbtbl, 1, langcode ) local bestval = "" local found = false for idx1, lang1 in ipairs(fbtbl) do for idx2, lang2 in ipairs(mlt) do if (lang1 == lang2) and not found then bestval = out[idx2] found = true break end end -- loop through values of property end -- loop through fallback languages if found then -- replace output table with a table containing the best value out = { bestval } else -- more than one value and none of them on the list of fallback languages -- sod it, just give them the first one out = { out[1] } end end return assembleoutput(out, frame.args, qid, propertyID) else return props -- no property or local parameter supplied end -- of test for success end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getPropertyIDs takes most of the usual parameters. -- The usual whitelisting, blacklisting, onlysourced, etc. are implemented. -- It returns the Entity-IDs (Qids) of the values of a property if it is a Wikibase-Entity. -- Otherwise it returns nothing. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; propertyvalueandquals assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p._getPropertyIDs = function(args) args.reqranks = setRanks(args.rank) args.langobj = findLang(args.lang) args.lang = args.langobj.code -- change default for noicon to true args.noicon = tostring(parseParam(args.noicon or "", true)) local f = {} f.args = args local pid = mw.text.trim(args[1] or ""):upper() -- get the qid and table of claims for the property, or nothing and the local value passed local qid, props = parseInput(f, args[2], pid) if not qid then return props end if not props[1] then return nil end local onlysrc = parseParam(args.onlysourced or args.osd, true) local maxvals = tonumber(args.maxvals) or 0 local out = {} for i, v in ipairs(props) do local snak = v.mainsnak if ( snak.datatype == "wikibase-item" ) and ( v.rank and args.reqranks[v.rank:sub(1, 1)] ) and ( snak.snaktype == "value" ) and ( sourced(v) or not onlysrc ) then out[#out+1] = snak.datavalue.value.id end if maxvals > 0 and #out >= maxvals then break end end return assembleoutput(out, args, qid, pid) end p.getPropertyIDs = function(frame) local args = frame.args return p._getPropertyIDs(args) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getQualifierIDs takes most of the usual parameters. -- The usual whitelisting, blacklisting, onlysourced, etc. are implemented. -- It takes a property-id as the first unnamed parameter, and an optional parameter qlist -- which is a list of qualifier property-ids to search for (default is "ALL") -- It returns the Entity-IDs (Qids) of the values of a property if it is a Wikibase-Entity. -- Otherwise it returns nothing. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; propertyvalueandquals assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getQualifierIDs = function(frame) local args = frame.args args.reqranks = setRanks(args.rank) args.langobj = findLang(args.lang) args.lang = args.langobj.code -- change default for noicon to true args.noicon = tostring(parseParam(args.noicon or "", true)) local f = {} f.args = args local pid = mw.text.trim(args[1] or ""):upper() -- get the qid and table of claims for the property, or nothing and the local value passed local qid, props = parseInput(f, args[2], pid) if not qid then return props end if not props[1] then return nil end -- get the other parameters local onlysrc = parseParam(args.onlysourced or args.osd, true) local maxvals = tonumber(args.maxvals) or 0 local qlist = args.qlist or "" if qlist == "" then qlist = "ALL" end qlist = qlist:gsub("[%p%s]+", " ") .. " " local out = {} for i, v in ipairs(props) do local snak = v.mainsnak if ( v.rank and args.reqranks[v.rank:sub(1, 1)] ) and ( snak.snaktype == "value" ) and ( sourced(v) or not onlysrc ) then if v.qualifiers then for k1, v1 in pairs(v.qualifiers) do if qlist == "ALL " or qlist:match(k1 .. " ") then for i2, v2 in ipairs(v1) do if v2.datatype == "wikibase-item" and v2.snaktype == "value" then out[#out+1] = v2.datavalue.value.id end -- of test that id exists end -- of loop through qualifier values end -- of test for kq in qlist end -- of loop through qualifiers end -- of test for qualifiers end -- of test for rank value, sourced, and value exists if maxvals > 0 and #out >= maxvals then break end end -- of loop through property values return assembleoutput(out, args, qid, pid) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getPropOfProp takes two propertyIDs: prop1 and prop2 (as well as the usual parameters) -- If the value(s) of prop1 are of type "wikibase-item" then it returns the value(s) of prop2 -- of each of those wikibase-items. -- The usual whitelisting, blacklisting, onlysourced, etc. are implemented ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; propertyvalueandquals assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p._getPropOfProp = function(args) -- parameter sets for commonly used groups of parameters local paraset = tonumber(args.ps or args.parameterset or 0) if paraset == 1 then -- a common setting args.rank = "best" args.fetchwikidata = "ALL" args.onlysourced = "no" args.noicon = "true" elseif paraset == 2 then -- equivalent to raw args.rank = "best" args.fetchwikidata = "ALL" args.onlysourced = "no" args.noicon = "true" args.linked = "no" args.pd = "true" elseif paraset == 3 then -- third set goes here end args.reqranks = setRanks(args.rank) args.langobj = findLang(args.lang) args.lang = args.langobj.code local pid1 = args.prop1 or args.pid1 or "" local pid2 = args.prop2 or args.pid2 or "" if pid1 == "" or pid2 == "" then return nil end local f = {} f.args = args local qid1, statements1 = parseInput(f, args[1], pid1) -- parseInput nulls empty args[1] and returns args[1] if nothing on Wikidata if not qid1 then return statements1 end -- otherwise it returns the qid and a table for the statement local onlysrc = parseParam(args.onlysourced or args.osd, true) local maxvals = tonumber(args.maxvals) or 0 local qualID = mw.text.trim(args.qual or ""):upper() if qualID == "" then qualID = nil end local out = {} for k, v in ipairs(statements1) do if not onlysrc or sourced(v) then local snak = v.mainsnak if snak.datatype == "wikibase-item" and snak.snaktype == "value" then local qid2 = snak.datavalue.value.id local statements2 = {} if args.reqranks.b then statements2 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid2, pid2) else statements2 = mw.wikibase.getAllStatements(qid2, pid2) end if statements2[1] then local out2 = propertyvalueandquals(statements2, args, qualID) out[#out+1] = assembleoutput(out2, args, qid2, pid2) end end -- of test for valid property1 value end -- of test for sourced if maxvals > 0 and #out >= maxvals then break end end -- of loop through values of property1 return assembleoutput(out, args, qid1, pid1) end p.getPropOfProp = function(frame) local args= frame.args if not args.prop1 and not args.pid1 then args = frame:getParent().args if not args.prop1 and not args.pid1 then return i18n.errors["No property supplied"] end end return p._getPropOfProp(args) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getAwardCat takes most of the usual parameters. If the item has values of P166 (award received), -- then it examines each of those awards for P2517 (category for recipients of this award). -- If it exists, it returns the corresponding category, -- with the item's P734 (family name) as sort key, or no sort key if there is no family name. -- The sort key may be overridden by the parameter |sortkey (alias |sk). -- The usual whitelisting, blacklisting, onlysourced, etc. are implemented ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; propertyvalueandquals assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getAwardCat = function(frame) frame.args.reqranks = setRanks(frame.args.rank) frame.args.langobj = findLang(frame.args.lang) frame.args.lang = frame.args.langobj.code local args = frame.args args.sep = " " local pid1 = args.prop1 or "P166" local pid2 = args.prop2 or "P2517" if pid1 == "" or pid2 == "" then return nil end -- locally supplied value: local localval = mw.text.trim(args[1] or "") local qid1, statements1 = parseInput(frame, localval, pid1) if not qid1 then return localval end -- linkprefix (strip quotes) local lp = (args.linkprefix or args.lp or ""):gsub('"', '') -- sort key (strip quotes, hyphens and periods): local sk = (args.sortkey or args.sk or ""):gsub('["-.]', '') -- family name: local famname = "" if sk == "" then local p734 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid1, "P734")[1] local p734id = p734 and p734.mainsnak.snaktype == "value" and p734.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id or "" famname = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(p734id) or "" -- strip namespace and disambigation local pos = famname:find(":") or 0 famname = famname:sub(pos+1):gsub("%s%(.+%)$", "") if famname == "" then local lbl = mw.wikibase.getLabel(p734id) famname = lbl and mw.text.nowiki(lbl) or "" end end local onlysrc = parseParam(args.onlysourced or args.osd, true) local maxvals = tonumber(args.maxvals) or 0 local qualID = mw.text.trim(args.qual or ""):upper() if qualID == "" then qualID = nil end local out = {} for k, v in ipairs(statements1) do if not onlysrc or sourced(v) then local snak = v.mainsnak if snak.datatype == "wikibase-item" and snak.snaktype == "value" then local qid2 = snak.datavalue.value.id local statements2 = {} if args.reqranks.b then statements2 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid2, pid2) else statements2 = mw.wikibase.getAllStatements(qid2, pid2) end if statements2[1] and statements2[1].mainsnak.snaktype == "value" then local qid3 = statements2[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.id local sitelink = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid3) -- if there's no local sitelink, create the sitelink from English label if not sitelink then local lbl = mw.wikibase.getLabelByLang(qid3, "en") if lbl then if lbl:sub(1,9) == "Category:" then sitelink = mw.text.nowiki(lbl) else sitelink = "Category:" .. mw.text.nowiki(lbl) end end end if sitelink then if sk ~= "" then out[#out+1] = "[[" .. lp .. sitelink .. "|" .. sk .. "]]" elseif famname ~= "" then out[#out+1] = "[[" .. lp .. sitelink .. "|" .. famname .. "]]" else out[#out+1] = "[[" .. lp .. sitelink .. "]]" end -- of check for sort keys end -- of test for sitelink end -- of test for category end -- of test for wikibase item has a value end -- of test for sourced if maxvals > 0 and #out >= maxvals then break end end -- of loop through values of property1 return assembleoutput(out, args, qid1, pid1) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getIntersectCat takes most of the usual parameters. -- The usual whitelisting, blacklisting, onlysourced, etc. are implemented -- It takes two properties, |prop1 and |prop2 (e.g. occupation and country of citizenship) -- Each property's value is a wiki-base entity -- For each value of the first parameter (ranks implemented) it fetches the value's main category -- and then each value of the second parameter (possibly substituting a simpler description) -- then it returns all of the categories representing the intersection of those properties, -- (e.g. Category:Actors from Canada). A joining term may be supplied (e.g. |join=from). -- The item's P734 (family name) is the sort key, or no sort key if there is no family name. -- The sort key may be overridden by the parameter |sortkey (alias |sk). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; propertyvalueandquals assembleoutput; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getIntersectCat = function(frame) frame.args.reqranks = setRanks(frame.args.rank) frame.args.langobj = findLang(frame.args.lang) frame.args.lang = frame.args.langobj.code local args = frame.args args.sep = " " args.linked = "no" local pid1 = args.prop1 or "P106" local pid2 = args.prop2 or "P27" if pid1 == "" or pid2 == "" then return nil end local qid, statements1 = parseInput(frame, "", pid1) if not qid then return nil end local qid, statements2 = parseInput(frame, "", pid2) if not qid then return nil end -- topics like countries may have different names in categories from their label in Wikidata local subs_exists, subs = pcall(mw.loadData, "Module:WikidataIB/subs") local join = args.join or "" local onlysrc = parseParam(args.onlysourced or args.osd, true) local maxvals = tonumber(args.maxvals) or 0 -- linkprefix (strip quotes) local lp = (args.linkprefix or args.lp or ""):gsub('"', '') -- sort key (strip quotes, hyphens and periods): local sk = (args.sortkey or args.sk or ""):gsub('["-.]', '') -- family name: local famname = "" if sk == "" then local p734 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P734")[1] local p734id = p734 and p734.mainsnak.snaktype == "value" and p734.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id or "" famname = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(p734id) or "" -- strip namespace and disambigation local pos = famname:find(":") or 0 famname = famname:sub(pos+1):gsub("%s%(.+%)$", "") if famname == "" then local lbl = mw.wikibase.getLabel(p734id) famname = lbl and mw.text.nowiki(lbl) or "" end end local cat1 = {} for k, v in ipairs(statements1) do if not onlysrc or sourced(v) then -- get the ID representing the value of the property local pvalID = (v.mainsnak.snaktype == "value") and v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id if pvalID then -- get the topic's main category (P910) for that entity local p910 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(pvalID, "P910")[1] if p910 and p910.mainsnak.snaktype == "value" then local tmcID = p910.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id -- use sitelink or the English label for the cat local cat = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(tmcID) if not cat then local lbl = mw.wikibase.getLabelByLang(tmcID, "en") if lbl then if lbl:sub(1,9) == "Category:" then cat = mw.text.nowiki(lbl) else cat = "Category:" .. mw.text.nowiki(lbl) end end end cat1[#cat1+1] = cat end -- of test for topic's main category exists end -- of test for property has vaild value end -- of test for sourced if maxvals > 0 and #cat1 >= maxvals then break end end local cat2 = {} for k, v in ipairs(statements2) do if not onlysrc or sourced(v) then local cat = rendersnak(v, args) if subs[cat] then cat = subs[cat] end cat2[#cat2+1] = cat end if maxvals > 0 and #cat2 >= maxvals then break end end local out = {} for k1, v1 in ipairs(cat1) do for k2, v2 in ipairs(cat2) do if sk ~= "" then out[#out+1] = "[[" .. lp .. v1 .. " " .. join .. " " .. v2 .. "|" .. sk .. "]]" elseif famname ~= "" then out[#out+1] = "[[" .. lp .. v1 .. " " .. join .. " " .. v2 .. "|" .. famname .. "]]" else out[#out+1] = "[[" .. lp .. v1 .. " " .. join .. " " .. v2 .. "]]" end -- of check for sort keys end end args.noicon = "true" return assembleoutput(out, args, qid, pid1) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- qualsToTable takes most of the usual parameters. -- The usual whitelisting, blacklisting, onlysourced, etc. are implemented. -- A qid may be given, and the first unnamed parameter is the property ID, which is of type wikibase item. -- It takes a list of qualifier property IDs as |quals= -- For a given qid and property, it creates the rows of an html table, -- each row being a value of the property (optionally only if the property matches the value in |pval= ) -- each cell being the first value of the qualifier corresponding to the list in |quals ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam; setRanks; parseInput; sourced; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.qualsToTable = function(frame) local args = frame.args local quals = args.quals or "" if quals == "" then return "" end args.reqranks = setRanks(args.rank) local propertyID = mw.text.trim(args[1] or "") local f = {} f.args = args local entityid, props = parseInput(f, "", propertyID) if not entityid then return "" end args.langobj = findLang(args.lang) args.lang = args.langobj.code local pval = args.pval or "" local qplist = mw.text.split(quals, "%p") -- split at punctuation and make a sequential table for i, v in ipairs(qplist) do qplist[i] = mw.text.trim(v):upper() -- remove whitespace and capitalise end local col1 = args.firstcol or "" if col1 ~= "" then col1 = col1 .. "</td><td>" end local emptycell = args.emptycell or "&nbsp;" -- construct a 2-D array of qualifier values in qvals local qvals = {} for i, v in ipairs(props) do local skip = false if pval ~= "" then local pid = v.mainsnak.datavalue and v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id if pid ~= pval then skip = true end end if not skip then local qval = {} local vqualifiers = v.qualifiers or {} -- go through list of wanted qualifier properties for i1, v1 in ipairs(qplist) do -- check for that property ID in the statement's qualifiers local qv, qtype if vqualifiers[v1] then qtype = vqualifiers[v1][1].datatype if qtype == "time" then if vqualifiers[v1][1].snaktype == "value" then qv = mw.wikibase.renderSnak(vqualifiers[v1][1]) qv = frame:expandTemplate{title="dts", args={qv}} else qv = "?" end elseif qtype == "url" then if vqualifiers[v1][1].snaktype == "value" then qv = mw.wikibase.renderSnak(vqualifiers[v1][1]) local display = mw.ustring.match( mw.uri.decode(qv, "WIKI"), "([%w ]+)$" ) if display then qv = "[" .. qv .. " " .. display .. "]" end end else qv = mw.wikibase.formatValue(vqualifiers[v1][1]) end end -- record either the value or a placeholder qval[i1] = qv or emptycell end -- of loop through list of qualifiers -- add the list of qualifier values as a "row" in the main list qvals[#qvals+1] = qval end end -- of for each value loop local out = {} for i, v in ipairs(qvals) do out[i] = "<tr><td>" .. col1 .. table.concat(qvals[i], "</td><td>") .. "</td></tr>" end return table.concat(out, "\n") end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getGlobe takes an optional qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid= -- otherwise it uses the linked item for the current page. -- If returns the Qid of the globe used in P625 (coordinate location), -- or nil if there isn't one. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getGlobe = function(frame) local qid = frame.args.qid or frame.args[1] or "" if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end local coords = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P625")[1] local globeid if coords and coords.mainsnak.snaktype == "value" then globeid = coords.mainsnak.datavalue.value.globe:match("(Q%d+)") end return globeid end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getCommonsLink takes an optional qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid= -- It returns one of the following in order of preference: -- the Commons sitelink of the linked Wikidata item; -- the Commons sitelink of the topic's main category of the linked Wikidata item; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: _getCommonslink(); _getSitelink(); parseParam() ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getCommonsLink = function(frame) local oc = frame.args.onlycat or frame.args.onlycategories local fb = parseParam(frame.args.fallback or frame.args.fb, true) return _getCommonslink(frame.args.qid, oc, fb) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getSitelink takes the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid= -- It takes an optional parameter |wiki= to determine which wiki is to be checked for a sitelink -- If the parameter is blank, then it uses the local wiki. -- If there is a sitelink to an article available, it returns the plain text link to the article -- If there is no sitelink, it returns nil. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getSiteLink = function(frame) return _getSitelink(frame.args.qid, frame.args.wiki or mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "")) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getLink has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as the first unnamed parameter or as |qid= -- If there is a sitelink to an article on the local Wiki, it returns a link to the article -- with the Wikidata label as the displayed text. -- If there is no sitelink, it returns the label as plain text. -- If there is no label in the local language, it displays the qid instead. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getLink = function(frame) local itemID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or frame.args.qid or "") if itemID == "" then return end local sitelink = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(itemID) local label = labelOrId(itemID) if sitelink then return "[[:" .. sitelink .. "|" .. label .. "]]" else return label end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getLabel has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as the first unnamed parameter or as |qid= -- It returns the Wikidata label for the local language as plain text. -- If there is no label in the local language, it displays the qid instead. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getLabel = function(frame) local itemID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or frame.args.qid or "") if itemID == "" then return end local lang = frame.args.lang or "" if lang == "" then lang = nil end local label = labelOrId(itemID, lang) return label end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- label has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as the first unnamed parameter or as |qid= -- if no qid is supplied, it uses the qid associated with the current page. -- It returns the Wikidata label for the local language as plain text. -- If there is no label in the local language, it returns nil. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.label = function(frame) local qid = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or frame.args.qid or "") if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then return end local lang = frame.args.lang or "" if lang == "" then lang = nil end local label, success = labelOrId(qid, lang) if success then return label end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getAT (Article Title) -- has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as the first unnamed parameter or as |qid= -- If there is a sitelink to an article on the local Wiki, it returns the sitelink as plain text. -- If there is no sitelink or qid supplied, it returns nothing. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getAT = function(frame) local itemID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or frame.args.qid or "") if itemID == "" then return end return mw.wikibase.getSitelink(itemID) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getDescription has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid= -- (it defaults to the associated qid of the current article if omitted) -- and a local parameter passed as the first unnamed parameter. -- Any local parameter passed (other than "Wikidata" or "none") becomes the return value. -- It returns the article description for the Wikidata entity if the local parameter is "Wikidata". -- Nothing is returned if the description doesn't exist or "none" is passed as the local parameter. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getDescription = function(frame) local desc = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "") local itemID = mw.text.trim(frame.args.qid or "") if itemID == "" then itemID = nil end if desc:lower() == 'wikidata' then return mw.wikibase.getDescription(itemID) elseif desc:lower() == 'none' then return nil else return desc end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getAliases has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid= -- (it defaults to the associated qid of the current article if omitted) -- and a local parameter passed as the first unnamed parameter. -- It implements blacklisting and whitelisting with a field name of "alias" by default. -- Any local parameter passed becomes the return value. -- Otherwise it returns the aliases for the Wikidata entity with the usual list options. -- Nothing is returned if the aliases do not exist. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: findLang(); assembleoutput() ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getAliases = function(frame) local args = frame.args local fieldname = args.name or "" if fieldname == "" then fieldname = "alias" end local blacklist = args.suppressfields or args.spf or "" if blacklist:find(fieldname) then return nil end local localval = mw.text.trim(args[1] or "") if localval ~= "" then return localval end local whitelist = args.fetchwikidata or args.fwd or "" if whitelist == "" then whitelist = "NONE" end if not (whitelist == 'ALL' or whitelist:find(fieldname)) then return nil end local qid = args.qid or "" if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid or not mw.wikibase.entityExists(qid) then return nil end local aliases = mw.wikibase.getEntity(qid).aliases if not aliases then return nil end args.langobj = findLang(args.lang) local langcode = args.langobj.code args.lang = langcode local out = {} for k1, v1 in pairs(aliases) do if v1[1].language == langcode then for k1, v2 in ipairs(v1) do out[#out+1] = v2.value end break end end return assembleoutput(out, args, qid) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- pageId returns the page id (entity ID, Qnnn) of the current page -- returns nothing if the page is not connected to Wikidata ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.pageId = function(frame) return mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- formatDate is a wrapper to export the private function format_Date ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: format_Date(); ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.formatDate = function(frame) return format_Date(frame.args[1], frame.args.df, frame.args.bc) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- location is a wrapper to export the private function _location -- it takes the entity-id as qid or the first unnamed parameter -- optional boolean parameter first toggles the display of the first item -- optional boolean parameter skip toggles the display to skip to the last item -- parameter debug=<y/n> (default 'n') adds error msg if not a location ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: _location(); ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.location = function(frame) local debug = (frame.args.debug or ""):sub(1, 1):lower() if debug == "" then debug = "n" end local qid = mw.text.trim(frame.args.qid or frame.args[1] or ""):upper() if qid == "" then qid=mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then if debug ~= "n" then return i18n.errors["entity-not-found"] else return nil end end local first = mw.text.trim(frame.args.first or "") local skip = mw.text.trim(frame.args.skip or "") return table.concat( _location(qid, first, skip), ", " ) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- checkBlacklist implements a test to check whether a named field is allowed -- returns true if the field is not blacklisted (i.e. allowed) -- returns false if the field is blacklisted (i.e. disallowed) -- {{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB |checkBlacklist |name=Joe |suppressfields=Dave; Joe; Fred}} | not blacklisted | blacklisted}} -- displays "blacklisted" -- {{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB |checkBlacklist |name=Jim |suppressfields=Dave; Joe; Fred}} | not blacklisted | blacklisted}} -- displays "not blacklisted" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.checkBlacklist = function(frame) local blacklist = frame.args.suppressfields or frame.args.spf or "" local fieldname = frame.args.name or "" if blacklist ~= "" and fieldname ~= "" then if blacklist:find(fieldname) then return false else return true end else -- one of the fields is missing: let's call that "not on the list" return true end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- emptyor returns nil if its first unnamed argument is just punctuation, whitespace or html tags -- otherwise it returns the argument unchanged (including leading/trailing space). -- If the argument may contain "=", then it must be called explicitly: -- |1=arg -- (In that case, leading and trailing spaces are trimmed) -- It finds use in infoboxes where it can replace tests like: -- {{#if: {{#invoke:WikidatIB |getvalue |P99 |fwd=ALL}} | <span class="xxx">{{#invoke:WikidatIB |getvalue |P99 |fwd=ALL}}</span> | }} -- with a form that uses just a single call to Wikidata: -- {{#invoke |WikidataIB |emptyor |1= <span class="xxx">{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getvalue |P99 |fwd=ALL}}</span> }} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.emptyor = function(frame) local s = frame.args[1] or "" if s == "" then return nil end local sx = s:gsub("%s", ""):gsub("<[^>]*>", ""):gsub("%p", "") if sx == "" then return nil else return s end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- labelorid is a public function to expose the output of labelOrId() -- Pass the Q-number as |qid= or as an unnamed parameter. -- It returns the Wikidata label for that entity or the qid if no label exists. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: labelOrId ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.labelorid = function(frame) return (labelOrId(frame.args.qid or frame.args[1])) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getLang returns the MediaWiki language code of the current content. -- If optional parameter |style=full, it returns the language name. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getLang = function(frame) local style = (frame.args.style or ""):lower() local langcode = mw.language.getContentLanguage().code if style == "full" then return mw.language.fetchLanguageName( langcode ) end return langcode end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getItemLangCode takes a qid parameter (using the current page's qid if blank) -- If the item for that qid has property country (P17) it looks at the first preferred value -- If the country has an official language (P37), it looks at the first preferred value -- If that official language has a language code (P424), it returns the first preferred value -- Otherwise it returns nothing. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: _getItemLangCode() ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getItemLangCode = function(frame) return _getItemLangCode(frame.args.qid or frame.args[1]) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- findLanguage exports the local findLang() function -- It takes an optional language code and returns, in order of preference: -- the code if a known language; -- the user's language, if set; -- the server's content language. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: findLang ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.findLanguage = function(frame) return findLang(frame.args.lang or frame.args[1]).code end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getQid returns the qid, if supplied -- failing that, the Wikidata entity ID of the "category's main topic (P301)", if it exists -- failing that, the Wikidata entity ID associated with the current page, if it exists -- otherwise, nothing ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getQid = function(frame) local qid = (frame.args.qid or ""):upper() -- check if a qid was passed; if so, return it: if qid ~= "" then return qid end -- check if there's a "category's main topic (P301)": qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() if qid then local prop301 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P301") if prop301[1] then local mctid = prop301[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.id if mctid then return mctid end end end -- otherwise return the page qid (if any) return qid end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- followQid takes four optional parameters: qid, props, list and all. -- If qid is not given, it uses the qid for the connected page -- or returns nil if there isn't one. -- props is a list of properties, separated by punctuation. -- If props is given, the Wikidata item for the qid is examined for each property in turn. -- If that property contains a value that is another Wikibase-item, that item's qid is returned, -- and the search terminates, unless |all=y when all of the qids are returned, separated by spaces. -- If |list= is set to a template, the qids are passed as arguments to the template. -- If props is not given, the qid is returned. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam() ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p._followQid = function(args) local qid = (args.qid or ""):upper() local all = parseParam(args.all, false) local list = args.list or "" if list == "" then list = nil end if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then return nil end local out = {} local props = (args.props or ""):upper() if props ~= "" then for p in mw.text.gsplit(props, "%p") do -- split at punctuation and iterate p = mw.text.trim(p) for i, v in ipairs( mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, p) ) do local linkedid = v.mainsnak.datavalue and v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id if linkedid then if all then out[#out+1] = linkedid else return linkedid end -- test for all or just the first one found end -- test for value exists for that property end -- loop through values of property to follow end -- loop through list of properties to follow end if #out > 0 then local ret = "" if list then ret = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = list, args = out} else ret = table.concat(out, " ") end return ret else return qid end end p.followQid = function(frame) return p._followQid(frame.args) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- globalSiteID returns the globalSiteID for the current wiki -- e.g. returns "enwiki" for the English Wikipedia, "enwikisource" for English Wikisource, etc. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.globalSiteID = function(frame) return mw.wikibase.getGlobalSiteId() end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- siteID returns the root of the globalSiteID -- e.g. "en" for "enwiki", "enwikisource", etc. -- treats "en-gb" as "en", etc. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.siteID = function(frame) local txtlang = frame:callParserFunction('int', {'lang'}) or "" -- This deals with specific exceptions: be-tarask -> be-x-old if txtlang == "be-tarask" then return "be_x_old" end local pos = txtlang:find("-") local ret = "" if pos then ret = txtlang:sub(1, pos-1) else ret = txtlang end return ret end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- projID returns the code used to link to the reader's language's project -- e.g "en" for [[:en:WikidataIB]] -- treats "en-gb" as "en", etc. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.projID = function(frame) local txtlang = frame:callParserFunction('int', {'lang'}) or "" -- This deals with specific exceptions: be-tarask -> be-x-old if txtlang == "be-tarask" then return "be-x-old" end local pos = txtlang:find("-") local ret = "" if pos then ret = txtlang:sub(1, pos-1) else ret = txtlang end return ret end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- formatNumber formats a number according to the the supplied language code ("|lang=") -- or the default language if not supplied. -- The number is the first unnamed parameter or "|num=" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: findLang() ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.formatNumber = function(frame) local lang local num = tonumber(frame.args[1] or frame.args.num) or 0 lang = findLang(frame.args.lang) return lang:formatNum( num ) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- examine dumps the property (the unnamed parameter or pid) -- from the item given by the parameter 'qid' (or the other unnamed parameter) -- or from the item corresponding to the current page if qid is not supplied. -- e.g. {{#invoke:WikidataIB |examine |pid=P26 |qid=Q42}} -- or {{#invoke:WikidataIB |examine |P26 |Q42}} or any combination of these -- or {{#invoke:WikidataIB |examine |P26}} for the current page. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.examine = function( frame ) local args if frame.args[1] or frame.args.pid or frame.args.qid then args = frame.args else args = frame:getParent().args end local par = {} local pid = (args.pid or ""):upper() local qid = (args.qid or ""):upper() par[1] = mw.text.trim( args[1] or "" ):upper() par[2] = mw.text.trim( args[2] or "" ):upper() table.sort(par) if par[2]:sub(1,1) == "P" then par[1], par[2] = par[2], par[1] end if pid == "" then pid = par[1] end if qid == "" then qid = par[2] end local q1 = qid:sub(1,1) if pid:sub(1,1) ~= "P" then return "No property supplied" end if q1 ~= "Q" and q1 ~= "M" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then return "No item for this page" end return "<pre>" .. mw.dumpObject( mw.wikibase.getAllStatements( qid, pid ) ) .. "</pre>" end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- checkvalue looks for 'val' as a wikibase-item value of a property (the unnamed parameter or pid) -- from the item given by the parameter 'qid' -- or from the Wikidata item associated with the current page if qid is not supplied. -- It only checks ranks that are requested (preferred and normal by default) -- If property is not supplied, then P31 (instance of) is assumed. -- It returns val if found or nothing if not found. -- e.g. {{#invoke:WikidataIB |checkvalue |val=Q5 |pid=P31 |qid=Q42}} -- or {{#invoke:WikidataIB |checkvalue |val=Q5 |P31 |qid=Q42}} -- or {{#invoke:WikidataIB |checkvalue |val=Q5 |qid=Q42}} -- or {{#invoke:WikidataIB |checkvalue |val=Q5 |P31}} for the current page. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.checkvalue = function( frame ) local args if frame.args.val then args = frame.args else args = frame:getParent().args end local val = args.val if not val then return nil end local pid = mw.text.trim(args.pid or args[1] or "P31"):upper() local qid = (args.qid or ""):upper() if pid:sub(1,1) ~= "P" then return nil end if qid:sub(1,1) ~= "Q" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then return nil end local ranks = setRanks(args.rank) local stats = {} if ranks.b then stats = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, pid) else stats = mw.wikibase.getAllStatements( qid, pid ) end if not stats[1] then return nil end if stats[1].mainsnak.datatype == "wikibase-item" then for k, v in pairs( stats ) do local ms = v.mainsnak if ranks[v.rank:sub(1,1)] and ms.snaktype == "value" and ms.datavalue.value.id == val then return val end end end return nil end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- url2 takes a parameter url= that is a proper url and formats it for use in an infobox. -- If no parameter is supplied, it returns nothing. -- This is the equivalent of Template:URL -- but it keeps the "edit at Wikidata" pen icon out of the microformat. -- Usually it will take its url parameter directly from a Wikidata call: -- e.g. {{#invoke:WikidataIB |url2 |url={{wdib |P856 |qid=Q23317 |fwd=ALL |osd=no}} }} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.url2 = function(frame) local txt = frame.args.url or "" if txt == "" then return nil end -- extract any icon local url, icon = txt:match("(.+)&nbsp;(.+)") -- make sure there's at least a space at the end url = (url or txt) .. " " icon = icon or "" -- extract any protocol like https:// local prot = url:match("(https*://).+[ \"\']") -- extract address local addr = "" if prot then addr = url:match("https*://(.+)[ \"\']") or " " else prot = "//" addr = url:match("[^%p%s]+%.(.+)[ \"\']") or " " end -- strip trailing / from end of domain-only url and add <wbr/> before . and / local disp, n = addr:gsub( "^([^/]+)/$", "%1" ):gsub("%/", "<wbr/>/"):gsub("%.", "<wbr/>.") return '<span class="url">[' .. prot .. addr .. " " .. disp .. "]</span>&nbsp;" .. icon end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getWebsite fetches the Official website (P856) and formats it for use in an infobox. -- This is similar to Template:Official website but with a url displayed, -- and it adds the "edit at Wikidata" pen icon beyond the microformat if enabled. -- A local value will override the Wikidata value. "NONE" returns nothing. -- e.g. {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getWebsite |qid= |noicon= |lang= |url= }} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: findLang(); parseParam(); ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getWebsite = function(frame) local url = frame.args.url or "" if url:upper() == "NONE" then return nil end local urls = {} local quals = {} local qid = frame.args.qid or "" if url and url ~= "" then urls[1] = url else if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then return nil end local prop856 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P856") for k, v in pairs(prop856) do if v.mainsnak.snaktype == "value" then urls[#urls+1] = v.mainsnak.datavalue.value if v.qualifiers and v.qualifiers["P1065"] then -- just take the first archive url (P1065) local au = v.qualifiers["P1065"][1] if au.snaktype == "value" then quals[#urls] = au.datavalue.value end -- test for archive url having a value end -- test for qualifers end -- test for website having a value end -- loop through website(s) end if #urls == 0 then return nil end local out = {} for i, u in ipairs(urls) do local link = quals[i] or u local prot, addr = u:match("(http[s]*://)(.+)") addr = addr or u local disp, n = addr:gsub("%.", "<wbr/>%.") out[#out+1] = '<span class="url">[' .. link .. " " .. disp .. "]</span>" end local langcode = findLang(frame.args.lang).code local noicon = parseParam(frame.args.noicon, false) if url == "" and not noicon then out[#out] = out[#out] .. createicon(langcode, qid, "P856") end local ret = "" if #out > 1 then ret = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = "ubl", args = out} else ret = out[1] end return ret end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getAllLabels fetches the set of labels and formats it for display as wikitext. -- It takes a parameter 'qid' for arbitrary access, otherwise it uses the current page. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getAllLabels = function(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args or {} local qid = args.qid or "" if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid or not mw.wikibase.entityExists(qid) then return i18n["entity-not-found"] end local labels = mw.wikibase.getEntity(qid).labels if not labels then return i18n["labels-not-found"] end local out = {} for k, v in pairs(labels) do out[#out+1] = v.value .. " (" .. v.language .. ")" end return table.concat(out, "; ") end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getAllDescriptions fetches the set of descriptions and formats it for display as wikitext. -- It takes a parameter 'qid' for arbitrary access, otherwise it uses the current page. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getAllDescriptions = function(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args or {} local qid = args.qid or "" if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid or not mw.wikibase.entityExists(qid) then return i18n["entity-not-found"] end local descriptions = mw.wikibase.getEntity(qid).descriptions if not descriptions then return i18n["descriptions-not-found"] end local out = {} for k, v in pairs(descriptions) do out[#out+1] = v.value .. " (" .. v.language .. ")" end return table.concat(out, "; ") end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getAllAliases fetches the set of aliases and formats it for display as wikitext. -- It takes a parameter 'qid' for arbitrary access, otherwise it uses the current page. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.getAllAliases = function(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args or {} local qid = args.qid or "" if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid or not mw.wikibase.entityExists(qid) then return i18n["entity-not-found"] end local aliases = mw.wikibase.getEntity(qid).aliases if not aliases then return i18n["aliases-not-found"] end local out = {} for k1, v1 in pairs(aliases) do local lang = v1[1].language local val = {} for k1, v2 in ipairs(v1) do val[#val+1] = v2.value end out[#out+1] = table.concat(val, ", ") .. " (" .. lang .. ")" end return table.concat(out, "; ") end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- showNoLinks displays the article titles that should not be linked. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p.showNoLinks = function(frame) local out = {} for k, v in pairs(donotlink) do out[#out+1] = k end table.sort( out ) return table.concat(out, "; ") end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- checkValidity checks whether the first unnamed parameter represents a valid entity-id, -- that is, something like Q1235 or P123. -- It returns the strings "true" or "false". -- Change false to nil to return "true" or "" (easier to test with #if:). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: none ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- function p.checkValidity(frame) local id = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "") if mw.wikibase.isValidEntityId(id) then return true else return false end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getEntityFromTitle returns the Entity-ID (Q-number) for a given title. -- Modification of Module:ResolveEntityId -- The title is the first unnamed parameter. -- The site parameter determines the site/language for the title. Defaults to current wiki. -- The showdab parameter determines whether dab pages should return the Q-number or nil. Defaults to true. -- Returns the Q-number or nil if it does not exist. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- function p.getEntityFromTitle(frame) local args=frame.args if not args[1] then args=frame:getParent().args end if not args[1] then return nil end local title = mw.text.trim(args[1]) local site = args.site or "" local showdab = parseParam(args.showdab, true) local qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForTitle(title, site) if qid then local prop31 = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P31")[1] if not showdab and prop31 and prop31.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id == "Q4167410" then return nil else return qid end end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- getDatePrecision returns the number representing the precision of the first best date value -- for the given property. -- It takes the qid and property ID -- The meanings are given at https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikibase/DataModel#Dates_and_times -- 0 = 1 billion years .. 6 = millennium, 7 = century, 8 = decade, 9 = year, 10 = month, 11 = day -- Returns 0 (or the second unnamed parameter) if the Wikidata does not exist. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Dependencies: parseParam; sourced; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- function p.getDatePrecision(frame) local args=frame.args if not args[1] then args=frame:getParent().args end local default = tonumber(args[2] or args.default) or 0 local prop = mw.text.trim(args[1] or "") if prop == "" then return default end local qid = args.qid or "" if qid == "" then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if not qid then return default end local onlysrc = parseParam(args.onlysourced or args.osd, true) local stat = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, prop) for i, v in ipairs(stat) do local prec = (onlysrc == false or sourced(v)) and v.mainsnak.datavalue and v.mainsnak.datavalue.value and v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.precision if prec then return prec end end return default end return p ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- List of exported functions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --[[ _getValue getValue getPreferredValue getCoords getQualifierValue getSumOfParts getValueByQual getValueByLang getValueByRefSource getPropertyIDs getQualifierIDs getPropOfProp getAwardCat getIntersectCat getGlobe getCommonsLink getSiteLink getLink getLabel label getAT getDescription getAliases pageId formatDate location checkBlacklist emptyor labelorid getLang getItemLangCode findLanguage getQID followQid globalSiteID siteID projID formatNumber examine checkvalue url2 getWebsite getAllLabels getAllDescriptions getAllAliases showNoLinks checkValidity getEntityFromTitle getDatePrecision --]] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ql7i3j6aywa93pfslfr0svyicj7ctkn 10 7583 104385 2026-09-13T12:58:58Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{#switch: {{{1}}} | =<!-- blank --> | e19 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue19|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc4|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc4|}}}|{{{l..." 104385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#switch: {{{1}}} | =<!-- blank --> | e19 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue19|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc4|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc4|}}}|{{{ld4|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc5|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc5|}}}|{{{ld5|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc6|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue19|{{{lc6|}}}|{{{ld6|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc7|}}}|<br>(Additional references under 'Language codes' in the information box)}}|name=e19}}<!-- (The e19 switch lacks a final 'else' parameter. This is because it shouldn't generate a reference if we don't supply an ISO code for it to refer to.) -->| e18 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue18|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue18|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue18|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue18|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc4|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue18|{{{lc4|}}}|{{{ld4|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc5|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue18|{{{lc5|}}}|{{{ld5|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc6|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue18|{{{lc6|}}}|{{{ld6|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc7|}}}|<br>(Additional references under 'Language codes' in the information box)}}|name=e18}}<!-- -->| e17 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue17|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue17|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue17|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue17|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e17}}<!-- -->| e16 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue16|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue16|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue16|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue16|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e16}} | e15 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue15|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue15|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue15|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue15|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e15}} | e14 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue14|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue14|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue14|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue14|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e14}} | e13 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue13|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue13|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue13|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue13|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e13}} | e12 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue12|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue12|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue12|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue12|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e12}} | e11 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue11|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue11|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue11|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue11|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e11}} | e10 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue10|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue10|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue10|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue10|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e10}} | e09 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue09|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue09|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue09|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue09|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e09}} | e08 = {{#tag:ref|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{Ethnologue08|{{{iso3|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|<br>}}{{Ethnologue08|{{{lc1|}}}|{{#if:{{{iso3|}}}|{{{ld1|}}}|{{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{ld1|}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc2|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue08|{{{lc2|}}}|{{{ld2|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{lc3|}}}|<br>{{Ethnologue08|{{{lc3|}}}|{{{ld3|}}}}}}}|name=e08}}<!-- -->| linglist = {{#tag:ref|[http://multitree.org/codes/{{{iso3|}}} {{#if:{{{refname|}}}|{{{refname}}}|{{{name|}}}}}] at ''[[MultiTree]]'' on [[the Linguist List]]|name=linglist}} | ne2007 = {{#tag:ref|Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), in ''[[Nationalencyklopedin]]''|name=NE100}} | ne2010 = {{#tag:ref|"Världens 100 största språk 2010" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2010), in ''[[Nationalencyklopedin]]''|name=NE100_2}} | inali = {{#tag:ref|[[INALI]] (2012) [http://site.inali.gob.mx/pdf/libro_lenguas_indigenas_nacionales_en_riesgo_de_desaparicion.pdf ''México: Lenguas indígenas nacionales]''|name=INALI}} | aiatsis = <ref name=AIATSIS/> | glotto = <ref name=Glottolog/> | glotto2 = <ref name=Glottolog2/> | glotto3 = <ref name=Glottolog3/> | glotto4 = <ref name=Glottolog4/> | glotto5 = <ref name=Glottolog5/> | guthrie = <ref name=Guthrie/> | #default = {{{1|}}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> qpijsqmd3hjk4nbsewmqjpa3y6mqg51 10 7584 104387 2026-09-13T13:05:47Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#switch: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}NAMESPACE: {{{1|{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}FULLPAGENAME}}}}}:Foo }} |{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}ns:0}} |{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}ns:File}} |{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}ns:MediaWiki}} |{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}ns:Category}} = |yes }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" 104387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#switch: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}NAMESPACE: {{{1|{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}FULLPAGENAME}}}}}:Foo }} |{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}ns:0}} |{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}ns:File}} |{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}ns:MediaWiki}} |{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}ns:Category}} = |yes }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> geip2atd01h99rtexkfc5id1wal3azb 10 7585 104388 2026-09-13T13:08:08Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "<span class="plainlinks">[https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?iso_639_1={{#switch:{{{1|}}} |aa |ab |ae |af |ak |am |an |ar |as |av |ay |az |ba |be |bg |bh |bi |bm |bn |bo |br |bs |ca |ce |ch |co |cr |cs |cu |cv |cy |da |de |dv |dz |ee |el |en |eo |es |et |eu |fa |ff |fi |fj |fo |fr |fy |ga |gd |gl |gn |gu |gv |ha |he |hi |ho |hr |ht |hu |hy |hz |ia |id |ie |ig |ii |ik |io |is |it |iu |ja |jv |ka |kg |ki |kj |kk |kl |km |kn |ko |kr |ks |ku |kv |k..." 104388 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="plainlinks">[https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?iso_639_1={{#switch:{{{1|}}} |aa |ab |ae |af |ak |am |an |ar |as |av |ay |az |ba |be |bg |bh |bi |bm |bn |bo |br |bs |ca |ce |ch |co |cr |cs |cu |cv |cy |da |de |dv |dz |ee |el |en |eo |es |et |eu |fa |ff |fi |fj |fo |fr |fy |ga |gd |gl |gn |gu |gv |ha |he |hi |ho |hr |ht |hu |hy |hz |ia |id |ie |ig |ii |ik |io |is |it |iu |ja |jv |ka |kg |ki |kj |kk |kl |km |kn |ko |kr |ks |ku |kv |kw |ky |la |lb |lg |li |ln |lo |lt |lu |lv |mg |mh |mi |mk |ml |mn |mr |ms |mt |my |na |nb |nd |ne |ng |nl |nn |no |nr |nv |ny |oc |oj |om |or |os |pa |pi |pl |ps |pt |qu |rm |rn |ro |ru |rw |sa |sc |sd |se |sg |si |sk |sl |sm |sn |so |sq |sr |ss |st |su |sv |sw |ta |te |tg |th |ti |tk |tl |tn |to |tr |ts |tt |tw |ty |ug |uk |ur |uz |ve |vi |vo |wa |wo |xh |yi |yo |za |zh |zu = {{{1|}}} }} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]</span><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 1csor9izwihzdhle7kauhhqhmzfmt1w 10 7586 104390 2026-09-13T13:14:21Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{#if: {{{1|}}} |{{cite book|chapter={{{2|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|chapterurl=http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/{{{1|}}}|editor1-first=Sebastian|editor1-last=Nordhoff|editor2-first=Harald|editor2-last=Hammarström|editor3-first=Robert|editor3-last=Forkel|editor4-first=Martin|editor4-last=Haspelmath|year=2013|title=Glottolog|edition=|location=Leipzig|publisher=Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}} |{{cite book|editor1-first=Sebastian|editor1-last=Nordhoff|ed..." 104390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if: {{{1|}}} |{{cite book|chapter={{{2|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|chapterurl=http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/{{{1|}}}|editor1-first=Sebastian|editor1-last=Nordhoff|editor2-first=Harald|editor2-last=Hammarström|editor3-first=Robert|editor3-last=Forkel|editor4-first=Martin|editor4-last=Haspelmath|year=2013|title=Glottolog|edition=|location=Leipzig|publisher=Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}} |{{cite book|editor1-first=Sebastian|editor1-last=Nordhoff|editor2-first=Harald|editor2-last=Hammarström|editor3-first=Robert|editor3-last=Forkel|editor4-first=Martin|editor4-last=Haspelmath|year=2013|title=Glottolog|edition=|location=Leipzig|publisher=Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology|url=http://glottolog.org/}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> s2sv3sf4vs3mj3iivqj0r54iib82z73 10 7587 104391 2026-09-13T13:16:16Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:x|{{{1|}}}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| 500 }} <noinclude><!-- str >= 500 --></noinclude> | 500 | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}str len/core <noinclude><!-- xx0-xx9 --></noinclude> |{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:x|{{{1|}}}}} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}str len/core <noinclude><!-- x0x-x9x --></noinclude> |{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:x|{{{1|}}}}} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}str len/core <noinclude><!-- 0xx-4xx --></noinclude>..." 104391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:x|{{{1|}}}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| 500 }} <noinclude><!-- str >= 500 --></noinclude> | 500 | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}str len/core <noinclude><!-- xx0-xx9 --></noinclude> |{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:x|{{{1|}}}}} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}str len/core <noinclude><!-- x0x-x9x --></noinclude> |{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:x|{{{1|}}}}} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}str len/core <noinclude><!-- 0xx-4xx --></noinclude> |{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:x|{{{1|}}}}} | | hundreds }}| tens }}| ones }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories and interwikis to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> 1sa1js9xi13c0q8hoaljiiz71oti1qk 10 7588 104392 2026-09-13T13:17:22Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#switch: {{{3|}}} | hundreds = <noinclude><!-- 0xx-4xx, using linear search since most strings will probably be less than 100 bytes. --></noinclude> {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| 100 }} <noinclude><!--str >= x--></noinclude> | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| 200 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| 300 }} | {{{..." 104392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#switch: {{{3|}}} | hundreds = <noinclude><!-- 0xx-4xx, using linear search since most strings will probably be less than 100 bytes. --></noinclude> {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| 100 }} <noinclude><!--str >= x--></noinclude> | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| 200 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| 300 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| 400 }} | 4 | 3 }} | 2 }} | 1 }} | <noinclude><!-- Don't return 0, since tens and ones don't want a leading 0 in parameter 2. --></noinclude> }} | tens = <noinclude><!-- x0x-x9x, using linear search for 0x-3x, binary search for 4x-9x, since most strings will probably be 0-39 bytes. --></noinclude> {{{2|}}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}10 }} <noinclude><!--str >= x--></noinclude> | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}20 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}30 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}40 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}60 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}80 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}90 }} | 9 | 8 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}70 }} | 7 | 6 }} }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}50 }} | 5 | 4 }} }} | 3 }} | 2 }} | 1 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#if:{{{2|}}}|0}} <noinclude><!-- Only return 0 if >=100, since ones don't want a leading 0 in parameter 2. --></noinclude> }} | ones = <noinclude><!-- xx0-xx9, using binary search. --></noinclude> {{{2|}}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}4 }} <noinclude><!--str >= x--></noinclude> | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}6 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}8 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}9 }} | 9 | 8 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}7 }} | 7 | 6 }} }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}5 }} | 5 | 4 }} }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}2 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}3 }} | 3 | 2 }} | {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#ifeq: x{{{1|}}} | x{{{{{|safesubst:}}}padleft:{{{1|}}}| {{{2|}}}1 }} | 1 | 0 }} }} }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories and interwikis to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> jnj62c8t6ykch07z0mcmge7g58q12nz 828 7589 104396 2026-09-13T13:23:08Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "local p = {} local function trim(s) return s:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$') end local function isnotempty(s) return s and s:match('%S') end function p.check(frame) local args = frame.args local pargs = frame:getParent().args local checknested = isnotempty(args['nested']) local delimiter = isnotempty(args['delimiter']) and args['delimiter'] or ';' local argpairs = {} for k, v in pairs(args) do if type(k) == 'number' then local plist = mw.text.split(v, delimiter)..." 104396 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local function trim(s) return s:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$') end local function isnotempty(s) return s and s:match('%S') end function p.check(frame) local args = frame.args local pargs = frame:getParent().args local checknested = isnotempty(args['nested']) local delimiter = isnotempty(args['delimiter']) and args['delimiter'] or ';' local argpairs = {} for k, v in pairs(args) do if type(k) == 'number' then local plist = mw.text.split(v, delimiter) local pfound = {} local count = 0 for ii, vv in ipairs(plist) do vv = trim(vv) if checknested and pargs[vv] or isnotempty(pargs[vv]) then count = count + 1 table.insert(pfound, vv) end end if count > 1 then table.insert(argpairs, pfound) end end end local warnmsg = {} local res = '' local cat = '' if args['cat'] and mw.ustring.match(args['cat'],'^[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]:') then cat = args['cat'] end local template = args['template'] and ' in ' .. args['template'] or '' if #argpairs > 0 then for i, v in ipairs( argpairs ) do table.insert( warnmsg, mw.ustring.format( 'Using more than one of the following parameters%s: <code>%s</code>.', template, table.concat(v, '</code>, <code>') ) ) if cat ~= '' then res = res .. '[[' .. cat .. '|' .. (v[1] == '' and ' ' or '') .. v[1] .. ']]' end end end if #warnmsg > 0 then res = require('Module:If preview')._warning({ table.concat(warnmsg, '<br>') }) .. res end return res end return p 59n770hna40q9pw4oa0dsp86euaks0u 10 7590 104397 2026-09-13T13:24:23Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:Plain text|main|{{{1}}}}}|{{{1}}}|<code>[http://www.hortensj-garden.org/index.php?tnc=1&tr=lsr&nid={{{1|}}} {{{1|}}}]</code>|{{{1}}}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with Linguasphere code]]}}{{{2|{{{linguaname|}}}}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" 104397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:Plain text|main|{{{1}}}}}|{{{1}}}|<code>[http://www.hortensj-garden.org/index.php?tnc=1&tr=lsr&nid={{{1|}}} {{{1|}}}]</code>|{{{1}}}}}{{main other|[[Category:Language articles with Linguasphere code]]}}{{{2|{{{linguaname|}}}}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 6jaqmlpiut3wojv5kg69e5pb0fdytaw 10 7591 104398 2026-09-13T13:25:25Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "<includeonly><span class="wrap">{{{1|&#32;}}}</span></includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude>" 104398 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><span class="wrap">{{{1|&#32;}}}</span></includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> jx32097fuqyo6uie238zvhezzt5d0r5 10 7592 104399 2026-09-13T13:26:25Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{#invoke:Endangered Languages Project |make_entry |elpname={{{ELPname|}}} |elpcode={{{ELP|}}} |qid={{{qid|}}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" 104399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Endangered Languages Project |make_entry |elpname={{{ELPname|}}} |elpcode={{{ELP|}}} |qid={{{qid|}}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 0gibu7vfktmukqa04kp6juaqa7zhsrp 828 7593 104400 2026-09-13T13:27:02Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "local p = {} local elpf = "https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/" -- or get P1630 local tidy_param = function(param) if param == "" then param = nil end return param end p.make_entry = function(frame) local out = {} local make_display = function(elpc, elpn) if elpc and elpn then table.insert(out, "[" .. elpf .. elpc .. " " .. elpn .. "]") elseif elpc or elpn then table.insert(out, (elpc or "") .. (elpn or "") .. "[[Category:Language articles..." 104400 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local elpf = "https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/" -- or get P1630 local tidy_param = function(param) if param == "" then param = nil end return param end p.make_entry = function(frame) local out = {} local make_display = function(elpc, elpn) if elpc and elpn then table.insert(out, "[" .. elpf .. elpc .. " " .. elpn .. "]") elseif elpc or elpn then table.insert(out, (elpc or "") .. (elpn or "") .. "[[Category:Language articles with missing ELP parameters]]") end end local elpname = tidy_param(frame.args.elpname) local elpcode = tidy_param(frame.args.elpcode) local qid = tidy_param((frame.args.qid or ""):upper()) or mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() make_display(elpcode, elpname) if qid then local props = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, "P2192") if props[1] then for _, v in ipairs(props) do local elpc = v.mainsnak.datavalue and v.mainsnak.datavalue.value local elpn = v.qualifiers and v.qualifiers.P1810 and v.qualifiers.P1810[1].datavalue and v.qualifiers.P1810[1].datavalue.value make_display(elpc, elpn) end end end local ret = "" if #out > 1 then return frame:expandTemplate{title = "ubl", args = out} elseif #out==1 then return out[1] end end return p nyvptcjqe25612mia4uih7cz87jlm64 10 7594 104402 2026-09-13T13:48:01Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "<span class="plainlinks">[https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?code_ID={{#switch:{{{1|}}} |aar=1 |abk=2 |ace=3 |ach=4 |ada=5 |ady=6 |afa=7 |afh=8 |afr=9 |ain=10 |aka=11 |akk=12 |alb=14 |ale=15 |alg=16 |alt=17 |amh=18 |ang=19 |anp=20 |apa=21 |ara=22 |arc=23 |arg=24 |arm=26 |arn=27 |arp=28 |art=29 |arw=30 |asm=31 |ast=32 |ath=33 |aus=34 |ava=35 |ave=36 |awa=37 |aym=38 |aze=39 |bad=40 |bai=41 |bak=42 |bal=43 |bam=44 |ban=45 |baq=47 |bas=48 |bat=49 |..." 104402 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="plainlinks">[https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?code_ID={{#switch:{{{1|}}} |aar=1 |abk=2 |ace=3 |ach=4 |ada=5 |ady=6 |afa=7 |afh=8 |afr=9 |ain=10 |aka=11 |akk=12 |alb=14 |ale=15 |alg=16 |alt=17 |amh=18 |ang=19 |anp=20 |apa=21 |ara=22 |arc=23 |arg=24 |arm=26 |arn=27 |arp=28 |art=29 |arw=30 |asm=31 |ast=32 |ath=33 |aus=34 |ava=35 |ave=36 |awa=37 |aym=38 |aze=39 |bad=40 |bai=41 |bak=42 |bal=43 |bam=44 |ban=45 |baq=47 |bas=48 |bat=49 |bej=50 |bel=51 |bem=52 |ben=53 |ber=54 |bho=55 |bih=56 |bik=57 |bin=58 |bis=59 |bla=60 |bnt=61 |bod=447 |bos=62 |bra=63 |bre=64 |btk=65 |bua=66 |bug=67 |bul=68 |bur=70 |byn=71 |cad=72 |cai=73 |car=74 |cat=75 |cau=76 |ceb=77 |cel=78 |ces=107 |cha=79 |chb=80 |che=81 |chg=82 |chi=84 |chk=85 |chm=86 |chn=87 |cho=88 |chp=89 |chr=90 |chu=91 |chv=92 |chy=93 |cmc=94 |cnr=515 |cop=95 |cor=96 |cos=97 |cpe=98 |cpf=99 |cpp=100 |cre=101 |crh=102 |crp=103 |csb=104 |cus=105 |cym=487 |cze=107 |dak=108 |dan=109 |dar=110 |day=111 |del=112 |den=113 |deu=160 |dgr=114 |din=115 |div=116 |doi=117 |dra=118 |dsb=119 |dua=120 |dum=121 |dut=123 |dyu=124 |dzo=125 |efi=126 |egy=127 |eka=128 |ell=175 |elx=129 |eng=130 |enm=131 |epo=132 |est=133 |eus=47 |ewe=134 |ewo=135 |fan=136 |fao=137 |fas=357 |fat=138 |fij=139 |fil=140 |fin=141 |fiu=142 |fon=143 |fra=145 |fre=145 |frm=146 |fro=147 |frr=148 |frs=149 |fry=150 |ful=151 |fur=152 |gaa=153 |gay=154 |gba=155 |gem=156 |geo=158 |ger=160 |gez=161 |gil=162 |gla=163 |gle=164 |glg=165 |glv=166 |gmh=167 |goh=168 |gon=169 |gor=170 |got=171 |grb=172 |grc=173 |gre=175 |grn=176 |gsw=177 |guj=178 |gwi=179 |hai=180 |hat=181 |hau=182 |haw=183 |heb=184 |her=185 |hil=186 |him=187 |hin=188 |hit=189 |hmn=190 |hmo=191 |hrv=394 |hsb=192 |hun=193 |hup=194 |hye=26 |iba=195 |ibo=196 |ice=198 |ido=199 |iii=200 |ijo=201 |iku=202 |ile=203 |ilo=204 |ina=205 |inc=206 |ind=207 |ine=208 |inh=209 |ipk=210 |ira=211 |iro=212 |isl=198 |ita=213 |jav=214 |jbo=215 |jpn=216 |jpr=217 |jrb=218 |kaa=219 |kab=220 |kac=221 |kal=222 |kam=223 |kan=224 |kar=225 |kas=226 |kat=158 |kau=227 |kaw=228 |kaz=229 |kbd=230 |kha=231 |khi=232 |khm=233 |kho=234 |kik=235 |kin=236 |kir=237 |kmb=238 |kok=239 |kom=240 |kon=241 |kor=242 |kos=243 |kpe=244 |krc=245 |krl=246 |kro=247 |kru=248 |kua=249 |kum=250 |kur=251 |kut=252 |lad=253 |lah=254 |lam=255 |lao=256 |lat=257 |lav=258 |lez=259 |lim=260 |lin=261 |lit=262 |lol=263 |loz=264 |ltz=265 |lua=266 |lub=267 |lug=268 |lui=269 |lun=270 |luo=271 |lus=272 |mac=274 |mad=275 |mag=276 |mah=277 |mai=278 |mak=279 |mal=280 |man=281 |mao=283 |map=284 |mar=285 |mas=286 |may=288 |mdf=289 |mdr=290 |men=291 |mga=292 |mic=293 |min=294 |mis=295 |mkd=274 |mkh=296 |mlg=297 |mlt=298 |mnc=299 |mni=300 |mno=301 |moh=302 |mon=304 |mos=305 |mri=283 |msa=288 |mul=306 |mun=307 |mus=308 |mwl=309 |mwr=310 |mya=70 |myn=311 |myv=312 |nah=313 |nai=314 |nap=315 |nau=316 |nav=317 |nbl=318 |nde=319 |ndo=320 |nds=321 |nep=322 |new=323 |nia=324 |nic=325 |niu=326 |nld=123 |nno=327 |nob=328 |nog=329 |non=330 |nor=331 |nqo=506 |nso=332 |nub=333 |nwc=334 |nya=335 |nym=336 |nyn=337 |nyo=338 |nzi=339 |oci=340 |oji=341 |ori=342 |orm=343 |osa=344 |oss=345 |ota=346 |oto=347 |paa=348 |pag=349 |pal=350 |pam=351 |pan=352 |pap=353 |pau=354 |peo=355 |per=357 |phi=358 |phn=359 |pli=360 |pol=361 |pon=362 |por=363 |pra=364 |pro=365 |pus=366 |qaa-qtz=367 |que=368 |raj=369 |rap=370 |rar=371 |roa=372 |roh=373 |rom=374 |ron=376 |rum=376 |run=377 |rup=378 |rus=379 |sad=380 |sag=381 |sah=382 |sai=383 |sal=384 |sam=385 |san=386 |sas=387 |sat=388 |scn=391 |sco=392 |sel=395 |sem=396 |sga=397 |sgn=398 |shn=399 |sid=400 |sin=401 |sio=402 |sit=403 |sla=404 |slk=406 |slo=406 |slv=407 |sma=408 |sme=409 |smi=410 |smj=411 |smn=412 |smo=413 |sms=414 |sna=415 |snd=416 |snk=417 |sog=418 |som=419 |son=420 |sot=421 |spa=422 |sqi=14 |srd=423 |srn=424 |srp=390 |srr=425 |ssa=426 |ssw=427 |suk=428 |sun=429 |sus=430 |sux=431 |swa=432 |swe=433 |syc=511 |syr=434 |tah=435 |tai=436 |tam=437 |tat=438 |tel=439 |tem=440 |ter=441 |tet=442 |tgk=443 |tgl=444 |tha=445 |tib=447 |tig=448 |tir=449 |tiv=450 |tkl=451 |tlh=452 |tli=453 |tmh=454 |tog=455 |ton=456 |tpi=457 |tsi=458 |tsn=459 |tso=460 |tuk=461 |tum=462 |tup=463 |tur=464 |tut=465 |tvl=466 |twi=467 |tyv=468 |udm=469 |uga=470 |uig=471 |ukr=472 |umb=473 |und=474 |urd=475 |uzb=476 |vai=477 |ven=478 |vie=479 |vol=480 |vot=481 |wak=482 |wal=483 |war=484 |was=485 |wel=487 |wen=488 |wln=489 |wol=490 |xal=491 |xho=492 |yao=493 |yap=494 |yid=495 |yor=496 |ypk=497 |zap=498 |zbl=512 |zen=499 |zgh=514 |zha=500 |zho=84 |znd=501 |zul=502 |zun=503 |zxx=504 |zza=510 }} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> oyqopaoabi5omw1kdknz3rg4mpr90pz 10 7595 104403 2026-09-13T13:49:56Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "[https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/{{{1|}}} {{{2|{{{1|}}}}}}]<noinclude> {{documentation}} <templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "Glottolog language code", "type": "line", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Glottolog language name", "type": "line", "suggested": true, "description": "If not given, the code is shown." } } } </templatedata></noinclude>" 104403 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/{{{1|}}} {{{2|{{{1|}}}}}}]<noinclude> {{documentation}} <templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "Glottolog language code", "type": "line", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Glottolog language name", "type": "line", "suggested": true, "description": "If not given, the code is shown." } } } </templatedata></noinclude> nqqkfn1uatzyc6dmiefjrm3y6kp1eqk 10 7596 104414 2026-09-14T06:31:14Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "<includeonly>{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#Invoke:String | pos | target={{{1|}}} | pos={{{2|0}}} | no_category={{{nocategory|}}} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" 104414 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#Invoke:String | pos | target={{{1|}}} | pos={{{2|0}}} | no_category={{{nocategory|}}} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 5dbelmmiji35wel9hbdvtgr7bjw7ezk 10 7597 104417 2026-09-14T06:34:58Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "<includeonly>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=citation }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude>" 104417 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=citation }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> c5vwsrpqyl5vzwjnrpazsisamya1wve 10 7598 104419 2026-09-14T06:38:00Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{#switch:{{{identifier}}} |arxiv=[[arXiv]]:[https://arxiv.org/abs/{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |asin=[[Amazon Standard Identification Number|ASIN]]&nbsp;[https://www.amazon.<!-- -->{{#switch: {{{input2|}}} |ca=ca |cn=cn |de=de |ed=es |fr=fr |it=it |jp=co.jp |co.jp=co.jp |uk=co.uk |co.uk=co.uk |#default=com }}/dp/{{{input1|}}} {{#..." 104419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#switch:{{{identifier}}} |arxiv=[[arXiv]]:[https://arxiv.org/abs/{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |asin=[[Amazon Standard Identification Number|ASIN]]&nbsp;[https://www.amazon.<!-- -->{{#switch: {{{input2|}}} |ca=ca |cn=cn |de=de |ed=es |fr=fr |it=it |jp=co.jp |co.jp=co.jp |uk=co.uk |co.uk=co.uk |#default=com }}/dp/{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |bibcode=[[Bibcode]] [https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |doi={{#ifeq:{{str left|{{{input1|}}}|3}}|10. |{{#if:{{{input2|}}} |[[Digital object identifier|doi]]:{{{input1|}}} (inactive {{{input2|}}}) <!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:0}} |[[Category:Pages with DOIs inactive since {{#time: Y | {{{input2|}}} }}]] | }} |[[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[https://dx.doi.org/{{urlencode:{{{input1|}}}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] }} |{{citation error|nocat={{{input3|}}}|cat=Pages with DOI errors|Bad DOI specified}} }} |isbn={{ISBN|{{{input1|}}}}} |issn=[[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |jfm=[[Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik|JFM]]&nbsp;[http://www.zentralblatt-math.org/zmath/en/search/?q{{=}}an:{{{input1|}}}&format{{=}}complete {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |jstor=[[JSTOR]]&nbsp;[http://www.jstor.org/stable/{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |lccn=[[Library of Congress Control Number|LCCN]]&nbsp;[http://lccn.loc.gov/{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |mr=[[Mathematical Reviews|MR]]&nbsp;[http://www.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr{{=}}{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |oclc=[[OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |ol={{#if:{{str endswith|{{{input1|}}}|A}} |[[Open Library|OL]][http://openlibrary.org/authors/OL{{urlencode:{{{input1|}}}}} {{{input1|}}}] |{{#if:{{str endswith|{{{input1|}}}|M}} |[[Open Library|OL]][http://openlibrary.org/books/OL{{urlencode:{{{input1|}}}}} {{{input1|}}}] |{{#if:{{str endswith|{{{input1|}}}|W}} |[[Open Library|OL]][http://openlibrary.org/works/OL{{urlencode:{{{input1|}}}}} {{{input1|}}}] |<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with OL errors]]<span class="error">Error: Bad OL specified!</span></includeonly> }} }} }} |osti=[[Office of Scientific and Technical Information|OSTI]]&nbsp;[http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id{{=}}{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |pmc=[[PubMed Central|PMC]]&nbsp;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |pmid=[[PubMed Identifier|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |rfc=[[Request for Comments|RFC]]&nbsp;[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |ssrn=[[Social Science Research Network|SSRN]]&nbsp;[http://ssrn.com/abstract{{=}}{{{input1|}}} {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] |zbl=[[Zentralblatt MATH|Zbl]]&nbsp;[http://www.zentralblatt-math.org/zmath/en/search/?q{{=}}an:{{{input1|}}}&format{{=}}complete {{#tag:nowiki|{{{input1|}}}}}] }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> t4g02qn7z9zxbht0thi7kf6fl7ea6gt 10 7599 104420 2026-09-14T06:41:55Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "<onlyinclude><small>{{#if: {{{2|}}}|{{#switch: {{{2}}}|local=देसुच्चारण उच्चारण:&nbsp;|IPA=IPA:&nbsp;|lang=locally:&nbsp;|pron=उच्चारण&nbsp;|{{{2}}}&nbsp;}}|{{#if: {{{2}}}|IPA:&nbsp;}}}}</small>{{IPA|[[Help:IPA|[{{{1}}}]]]}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{IPA audio link|{{{3}}} }} }}</onlyinclude><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" 104420 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude><small>{{#if: {{{2|}}}|{{#switch: {{{2}}}|local=देसुच्चारण उच्चारण:&nbsp;|IPA=IPA:&nbsp;|lang=locally:&nbsp;|pron=उच्चारण&nbsp;|{{{2}}}&nbsp;}}|{{#if: {{{2}}}|IPA:&nbsp;}}}}</small>{{IPA|[[Help:IPA|[{{{1}}}]]]}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{IPA audio link|{{{3}}} }} }}</onlyinclude><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 8qfioqpabukk4s9z27pvb4ev7foovys 10 7600 104421 2026-09-14T06:43:24Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "<includeonly>{{#invoke:IPA|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" 104421 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:IPA|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 7tvkwznxaigtvux43hoc1ooe0mnwkzw 828 7601 104422 2026-09-14T06:45:08Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "require('strict') local p = {} local function multiFind(s, patterns, init) local i, j = mw.ustring.find(s, patterns[1], init) for n = 2, #patterns do local i2, j2 = mw.ustring.find(s, patterns[n], init) if i2 and (not i or i2 < i) then i, j = i2, j2 end end return i, j end local function wrapAtSpaces(s) return mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(%s+)', '<span class="wrap">%1</span>') end local function wrapAtSpacesSafely(s) local patterns = { '%[%[[^%]|]-%s[^%]|]-|'..." 104422 Scribunto text/plain require('strict') local p = {} local function multiFind(s, patterns, init) local i, j = mw.ustring.find(s, patterns[1], init) for n = 2, #patterns do local i2, j2 = mw.ustring.find(s, patterns[n], init) if i2 and (not i or i2 < i) then i, j = i2, j2 end end return i, j end local function wrapAtSpaces(s) return mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(%s+)', '<span class="wrap">%1</span>') end local function wrapAtSpacesSafely(s) local patterns = { '%[%[[^%]|]-%s[^%]|]-|', -- Piped links '</?[A-Za-z][^>]-%s[^>]->' -- HTML tags } s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '%[%[([^%]|]-%s[^%]|]-)%]%]', '[[%1|%1]]') -- Pipe all links local t = {} local init while true do local i, j = multiFind(s, patterns, init) if not i then break end local pre = wrapAtSpaces(mw.ustring.sub(s, init, i - 1)) -- What precedes the match table.insert(t, pre) table.insert(t, mw.ustring.sub(s, i, j)) -- The match init = j + 1 end local post = wrapAtSpaces(mw.ustring.sub(s, init)) -- What follows the last match table.insert(t, post) return table.concat(t) end local function checkNamespace(isDebug) return isDebug or require('Module:Category handler').main({ true }) end local function renderCats(cats, isDebug) if not cats[1] or not checkNamespace(isDebug) then return '' end local t = {} for _, v in ipairs(cats) do table.insert(t, string.format( '[[%sCategory:%s]]', isDebug and ':' or '', v )) end return table.concat(t) end local function resolveSynonym(s) return mw.loadData('Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms')[s] or s end local function splitTag(s) local langCode = s:gsub('%-.*', ''):lower() langCode = resolveSynonym(langCode) local regionCode = s:match('%-(.+)') local isPrivate = regionCode and regionCode:sub(1, 2) == 'x-' return langCode, regionCode, isPrivate end local function getLangName(code, link, raw) return require('Module:Lang')._name_from_tag({ code, link = link, raw = raw, -- Without linking, "{{IPA}}" gets expanded in some contexts template = '[[Template:IPA|IPA]]' }) end local function linkLang(name, target, link) return link == 'yes' and string.format( '[[%s|%s]]', target or name .. ' language', name ) or name end function p._main(args) local ret, cats = {}, {} local isDebug = args.debug == 'yes' local s, langCode, regionCode, isPrivate -- Guide-linking mode if args[2] and args[2] ~= '' then local data = mw.loadData('Module:IPA/data') local isGeneric = args.generic == 'yes' s = args[2] langCode, regionCode, isPrivate = splitTag(args[1]) local langData = data.langs[langCode] or {} if regionCode then if not isPrivate then regionCode = regionCode:upper() end if langData.dialects and langData.dialects[regionCode] then -- Overwrite language data with the dialect's local newLangData = {} for k, v in pairs(langData) do if k ~= 'dialects' then newLangData[k] = v end end local dialectData = langData.dialects[regionCode] if dialectData.aliasOf then -- Use the canonical region code regionCode = dialectData.aliasOf isPrivate = regionCode:sub(1, 2) == 'x-' dialectData = langData.dialects[regionCode] end -- Lowercase IANA variant if dialectData.isVariant then regionCode = regionCode:lower() end for k, v in pairs(dialectData) do newLangData[k] = v end langData = newLangData else isGeneric = true end end local fullLangCode = regionCode and langCode .. '-' .. regionCode or langCode local langName = langData.name and linkLang(langData.name, langData.link, args.link) or getLangName(fullLangCode, args.link) if langName:sub(1, 5) == '<span' then -- Module:Lang has returned an error return langName .. renderCats({ 'IPA template errors' }, isDebug) end if args.cat ~= 'no' then local catLangName = langData.name or getLangName(fullLangCode, nil, 'yes') if catLangName:sub(1, 5) == '<span' then -- Module:Lang has returned an error, but it's not fatal table.insert(cats, 'IPA template errors') mw.addWarning(catLangName) else table.insert(cats, string.format('Pages with %s IPA', catLangName)) end end -- Label local label = args.label if not label then local labelCode = args[3] and args[3]:lower() or langData.defaultLabelCode if labelCode == '' then label = '' else local langText if langData.text then langText = linkLang( langData.text, mw.ustring.match(langName, '^%[%[([^|%]]+)'), args.link ) else langText = mw.ustring.gsub( langName, '^%[%[(([^|]+) languages)%]%]$', '[[%1|%2]]' ) langText = mw.ustring.gsub( langText, ' languages(%]?%]?)$', '%1' ) end if labelCode and data.labels[labelCode] then label = data.labels[labelCode]:format(langText) else label = data.defaultLabel:format(langText) end end end if label and label ~= '' then local span = mw.html.create('span') :addClass('IPA-label') :wikitext(label) if args.small ~= 'no' then span:addClass('IPA-label-small') table.insert(ret, mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag({ name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Module:IPA/styles.css' } })) end table.insert(ret, tostring(span) .. ' ') end -- Brackets s = (not isGeneric and langData.format or '&#91;%s&#93;'):format(s) -- Link to key local key = not isGeneric and langData.key or data.defaultKey s = string.format('[[%s|%s]]', key, s) else -- Basic mode s = args[1] if args.lang and args.lang ~= '' then langCode, regionCode, isPrivate = splitTag(args.lang) end if args.cat ~= 'no' then table.insert(cats, 'Pages with plain IPA') end end -- Transcription do local lang = (langCode or 'und') .. '-Latn' if not isPrivate and regionCode then lang = lang .. '-' .. regionCode end lang = lang .. '-fonipa' local span = mw.html.create('span') :addClass('IPA') :addClass(args.class) :attr('lang', lang) -- wrap=all: Do nothing -- wrap=none: Never break -- Otherwise: Break at spaces only if args.wrap ~= 'all' then span:addClass('nowrap') if args.wrap ~= 'none' then s = wrapAtSpacesSafely(s) end end if (not args[2] or args[2] == '') and args.tooltip ~= '' then local tooltip = args.tooltip or 'Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)' span:attr('title', tooltip) end s = tostring(span:wikitext(s)) table.insert(ret, s) end -- Audio local audio = args.audio ~= '' and args.audio or args[4] ~= '' and args[4] if audio then local button = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate({ title = 'Audio', args = { audio, '' } }) table.insert(ret, ' ' .. button) table.insert(cats, 'Pages including recorded pronunciations') end -- Categories table.insert(ret, renderCats(cats, isDebug)) return table.concat(ret) end function p.main(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args if not args[1] then return '' end for i, v in ipairs(args) do args[i] = mw.text.trim(v) end return p._main(args) end function p.direct(frame) local args = frame.args if not args[1] then return '' end for i, v in ipairs(args) do args[i] = mw.text.trim(v) end return p._main(args) end p[''] = p.direct return p phcnq9r7vohl4joqv46mjx0e82omyvx 828 7602 104423 2026-09-14T06:46:48Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "/* {{pp-template}} */ .IPA-label-small { font-size: 85%; } /* Don't shrink the label where text is already small, per [[MOS:SMALLTEXT]] */ .references .IPA-label-small, .infobox .IPA-label-small, .navbox .IPA-label-small { font-size: 100%; }" 104423 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ .IPA-label-small { font-size: 85%; } /* Don't shrink the label where text is already small, per [[MOS:SMALLTEXT]] */ .references .IPA-label-small, .infobox .IPA-label-small, .navbox .IPA-label-small { font-size: 100%; } 072qrnoi3jojcokw6kqxca0vddi5ui1 828 7603 104424 2026-09-14T06:48:53Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "--[[--------------------------< S U P P O R T E D P A R A M E T E R S >-------------------------------------- Because a steady-state signal conveys no useful information, whitelist.basic_arguments[] list items can have three values: true - these parameters are valid and supported parameters false - these parameters are deprecated but still supported tracked - these parameters are valid and supported parameters tracked in an eponymous properties category nil - thes..." 104424 Scribunto text/plain --[[--------------------------< S U P P O R T E D P A R A M E T E R S >-------------------------------------- Because a steady-state signal conveys no useful information, whitelist.basic_arguments[] list items can have three values: true - these parameters are valid and supported parameters false - these parameters are deprecated but still supported tracked - these parameters are valid and supported parameters tracked in an eponymous properties category nil - these parameters are no longer supported. remove entirely ]] local basic_arguments_t = { ['accessdate'] = true, ['access-date'] = true, ['agency'] = true, ['archivedate'] = true, ['archive-date'] = true, ['archive-format'] = true, ['archiveurl'] = true, ['archive-url'] = true, ['article'] = true, ['article-format'] = true, ['article-number'] = true, -- {{cite journal}}, {{cite conference}}; {{citation}} when |journal= has a value ['article-url'] = true, ['article-url-access'] = true, ['arxiv'] = true, -- cite arxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier ['asin'] = true, ['ASIN'] = true, ['asin-tld'] = true, ['at'] = true, ['author'] = true, ['author-first'] = true, ['author-given'] = true, ['author-last'] = true, ['author-surname'] = true, ['authorlink'] = true, ['author-link'] = true, ['author-mask'] = true, ['bibcode'] = true, ['bibcode-access'] = true, ['biorxiv'] = true, -- cite biorxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier ['chapter'] = true, ['chapter-format'] = true, ['chapter-url'] = true, ['chapter-url-access'] = true, ['citeseerx'] = false, -- cite citeseerx; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier ['collaboration'] = true, ['contribution'] = true, ['contribution-format'] = true, ['contribution-url'] = true, ['contribution-url-access'] = true, ['contributor'] = true, ['contributor-first'] = true, ['contributor-given'] = true, ['contributor-last'] = true, ['contributor-surname'] = true, ['contributor-link'] = true, ['contributor-mask'] = true, ['date'] = true, ['department'] = true, ['df'] = true, ['dictionary'] = true, ['display-authors'] = true, ['display-contributors'] = true, ['display-editors'] = true, ['display-interviewers'] = true, ['display-subjects'] = true, ['display-translators'] = true, ['doi'] = true, ['DOI'] = true, ['doi-access'] = true, ['doi-broken-date'] = true, ['edition'] = true, ['editor'] = true, ['editor-first'] = true, ['editor-given'] = true, ['editor-last'] = true, ['editor-surname'] = true, ['editor-link'] = true, ['editor-mask'] = true, ['eissn'] = true, ['EISSN'] = true, ['encyclopaedia'] = true, ['encyclopedia'] = true, ['entry'] = true, ['entry-format'] = true, ['entry-url'] = true, ['entry-url-access'] = true, ['eprint'] = true, -- cite arxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier ['first'] = true, ['format'] = true, ['given'] = true, ['hdl'] = true, ['HDL'] = true, ['hdl-access'] = true, ['host'] = true, -- unique to certain templates? ['id'] = true, ['ID'] = true, ['institution'] = true, -- constrain to cite thesis? ['interviewer'] = true, ['interviewer-first'] = true, ['interviewer-given'] = true, ['interviewer-last'] = true, ['interviewer-surname'] = true, ['interviewer-link'] = true, ['interviewer-mask'] = true, ['isbn'] = true, ['ISBN'] = true, ['ismn'] = true, ['ISMN'] = true, ['issn'] = true, ['ISSN'] = true, ['issue'] = true, ['jfm'] = true, ['JFM'] = true, ['journal'] = true, ['jstor'] = true, ['JSTOR'] = true, ['jstor-access'] = true, ['lang'] = true, ['language'] = true, ['last'] = true, ['lccn'] = true, ['LCCN'] = true, ['location'] = true, ['magazine'] = true, ['medium'] = true, ['medrxiv'] = true, -- cite medrxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier ['minutes'] = true, -- constrain to cite AV media and podcast? ['mode'] = true, ['mr'] = true, ['MR'] = true, ['name-list-style'] = true, ['newspaper'] = true, ['no-pp'] = true, ['no-tracking'] = true, ['number'] = true, ['oclc'] = true, ['OCLC'] = true, ['ol'] = true, ['OL'] = true, ['ol-access'] = true, ['orig-date'] = true, ['origyear'] = true, ['orig-year'] = true, ['osti'] = true, ['OSTI'] = true, ['osti-access'] = true, ['others'] = true, ['p'] = true, ['page'] = true, ['pages'] = true, ['periodical'] = true, ['place'] = true, ['pmc'] = true, ['PMC'] = true, ['pmc-embargo-date'] = true, ['pmid'] = true, ['PMID'] = true, ['postscript'] = true, ['pp'] = true, ['publication-date'] = true, ['publication-place'] = true, ['publisher'] = true, ['quotation'] = true, ['quote'] = true, ['quote-page'] = true, ['quote-pages'] = true, ['ref'] = true, ['rfc'] = true, ['RFC'] = true, ['sbn'] = true, ['SBN'] = true, ['scale'] = true, ['script-article'] = true, ['script-chapter'] = true, ['script-contribution'] = true, ['script-encyclopaedia'] = true, ['script-encyclopedia'] = true, ['script-entry'] = true, ['script-journal'] = true, ['script-magazine'] = true, ['script-newspaper'] = true, ['script-periodical'] = true, ['script-quote'] = true, ['script-section'] = true, ['script-title'] = true, ['script-website'] = true, ['script-work'] = true, ['section'] = true, ['section-format'] = true, ['section-url'] = true, ['section-url-access'] = true, ['series'] = true, ['ssrn'] = true, -- cite ssrn; these three here because allowed in cite ... as identifier ['SSRN'] = true, ['ssrn-access'] = true, ['subject'] = true, ['subject-first'] = true, ['subject-given'] = true, ['subject-last'] = true, ['subject-link'] = true, ['subject-mask'] = true, ['subject-surname'] = true, ['surname'] = true, ['s2cid'] = true, ['S2CID'] = true, ['s2cid-access'] = true, ['template-doc-demo'] = true, ['time'] = true, -- constrain to cite av media and podcast? ['time-caption'] = true, -- constrain to cite av media and podcast? ['title'] = true, ['title-link'] = true, ['title-note'] = true, ['translator'] = true, ['translator-first'] = true, ['translator-given'] = true, ['translator-last'] = true, ['translator-surname'] = true, ['translator-link'] = true, ['translator-mask'] = true, ['trans-article'] = true, ['trans-chapter'] = true, ['trans-contribution'] = true, ['trans-encyclopaedia'] = true, ['trans-encyclopedia'] = true, ['trans-entry'] = true, ['trans-journal'] = true, ['trans-magazine'] = true, ['trans-newspaper'] = true, ['trans-periodical'] = true, ['trans-quote'] = true, ['trans-section'] = true, ['trans-title'] = true, ['trans-website'] = true, ['trans-work'] = true, ['type'] = true, ['url'] = true, ['URL'] = true, ['url-access'] = true, ['url-status'] = true, ['vauthors'] = true, ['veditors'] = true, ['version'] = true, ['via'] = true, ['volume'] = true, ['website'] = true, ['work'] = true, ['year'] = true, ['zbl'] = true, ['ZBL'] = true, } local numbered_arguments_t = { ['author#'] = true, ['author-first#'] = true, ['author#-first'] = true, ['author-given#'] = true, ['author#-given'] = true, ['author-last#'] = true, ['author#-last'] = true, ['author-surname#'] = true, ['author#-surname'] = true, ['author-link#'] = true, ['author#-link'] = true, ['authorlink#'] = true, ['author#link'] = true, ['author-mask#'] = true, ['author#-mask'] = true, ['contributor#'] = true, ['contributor-first#'] = true, ['contributor#-first'] = true, ['contributor-given#'] = true, ['contributor#-given'] = true, ['contributor-last#'] = true, ['contributor#-last'] = true, ['contributor-surname#'] = true, ['contributor#-surname'] = true, ['contributor-link#'] = true, ['contributor#-link'] = true, ['contributor-mask#'] = true, ['contributor#-mask'] = true, ['editor#'] = true, ['editor-first#'] = true, ['editor#-first'] = true, ['editor-given#'] = true, ['editor#-given'] = true, ['editor-last#'] = true, ['editor#-last'] = true, ['editor-surname#'] = true, ['editor#-surname'] = true, ['editor-link#'] = true, ['editor#-link'] = true, ['editor-mask#'] = true, ['editor#-mask'] = true, ['first#'] = true, ['given#'] = true, ['host#'] = true, ['interviewer#'] = true, ['interviewer-first#'] = true, ['interviewer#-first'] = true, ['interviewer-given#'] = true, ['interviewer#-given'] = true, ['interviewer-last#'] = true, ['interviewer#-last'] = true, ['interviewer-surname#'] = true, ['interviewer#-surname'] = true, ['interviewer-link#'] = true, ['interviewer#-link'] = true, ['interviewer-mask#'] = true, ['interviewer#-mask'] = true, ['last#'] = true, ['subject#'] = true, ['subject-first#'] = true, ['subject#-first'] = true, ['subject-given#'] = true, ['subject#-given'] = true, ['subject-last#'] = true, ['subject#-last'] = true, ['subject-link#'] = true, ['subject#-link'] = true, ['subject-mask#'] = true, ['subject#-mask'] = true, ['subject-surname#'] = true, ['subject#-surname'] = true, ['surname#'] = true, ['translator#'] = true, ['translator-first#'] = true, ['translator#-first'] = true, ['translator-given#'] = true, ['translator#-given'] = true, ['translator-last#'] = true, ['translator#-last'] = true, ['translator-surname#'] = true, ['translator#-surname'] = true, ['translator-link#'] = true, ['translator#-link'] = true, ['translator-mask#'] = true, ['translator#-mask'] = true, } --[[--------------------------< P R E P R I N T S U P P O R T E D P A R A M E T E R S >-------------------- Cite arXiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, cite medrxiv, and cite ssrn are preprint templates that use the limited set of parameters defined in the limited_basic_arguments and limited_numbered_arguments tables. Those lists are supplemented with a template-specific list of parameters that are required by the particular template and may be exclusive to one of the preprint templates. Some of these parameters may also be available to the general cs1|2 templates. Same conventions for true/false/tracked/nil as above. ]] local preprint_arguments_t = { arxiv = { ['arxiv'] = true, -- cite arxiv and arxiv identifiers ['class'] = true, ['eprint'] = true, -- cite arxiv and arxiv identifiers }, biorxiv = { ['biorxiv'] = true, }, citeseerx = { ['citeseerx'] = false, }, medrxiv = { ['medrxiv'] = true, }, ssrn = { ['ssrn'] = true, ['SSRN'] = true, ['ssrn-access'] = true, }, } --[[--------------------------< L I M I T E D S U P P O R T E D P A R A M E T E R S >---------------------- cite arxiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, cite medrxiv, and cite ssrn templates are preprint templates so are allowed only a limited subset of parameters allowed to all other cs1|2 templates. The limited subset is defined here. This list of parameters also used by {{cite document}} Same conventions for true/false/tracked/nil as above. ]] local limited_basic_arguments_t = { ['at'] = true, ['author'] = true, ['author-first'] = true, ['author-given'] = true, ['author-last'] = true, ['author-surname'] = true, ['author-link'] = true, ['authorlink'] = true, ['author-mask'] = true, ['collaboration'] = true, ['date'] = true, ['df'] = true, ['display-authors'] = true, ['first'] = true, ['given'] = true, ['language'] = true, ['last'] = true, ['mode'] = true, ['name-list-style'] = true, ['no-tracking'] = true, ['p'] = true, ['page'] = true, ['pages'] = true, ['postscript'] = true, ['pp'] = true, ['quotation'] = true, ['quote'] = true, ['ref'] = true, ['surname'] = true, ['template-doc-demo'] = true, ['title'] = true, ['trans-title'] = true, ['vauthors'] = true, ['year'] = true, } local limited_numbered_arguments_t = { ['author#'] = true, ['author-first#'] = true, ['author#-first'] = true, ['author-given#'] = true, ['author#-given'] = true, ['author-last#'] = true, ['author#-last'] = true, ['author-surname#'] = true, ['author#-surname'] = true, ['author-link#'] = true, ['author#-link'] = true, ['authorlink#'] = true, ['author#link'] = true, ['author-mask#'] = true, ['author#-mask'] = true, ['first#'] = true, ['given#'] = true, ['last#'] = true, ['surname#'] = true, } --[[--------------------------< U N I Q U E _ A R G U M E N T S >---------------------------------------------- Some templates have unique parameters. Those templates and their unique parameters are listed here. Keys in this table are the template's CitationClass parameter value Same conventions for true/false/tracked/nil as above. ]] local unique_arguments_t = { ['audio-visual'] = { ['people'] = true, ['transcript'] = true, ['transcript-format'] = true, ['transcript-url'] = true, }, conference = { ['book-title'] = true, ['conference'] = true, ['conference-format'] = true, ['conference-url'] = true, ['event'] = true, }, episode = { ['airdate'] = true, ['air-date'] = true, ['credits'] = true, ['episode-link'] = true, -- alias of |title-link= ['network'] = true, ['people'] = true, ['season'] = true, ['series-link'] = true, ['series-no'] = true, ['series-number'] = true, ['station'] = true, ['transcript'] = true, ['transcript-format'] = true, ['transcript-url'] = true, }, mailinglist = { ['mailing-list'] = true, }, map = { ['cartography'] = true, ['inset'] = true, ['map'] = true, ['map-format'] = true, ['map-url'] = true, ['map-url-access'] = true, ['script-map'] = true, ['sections'] = true, ['sheet'] = true, ['sheets'] = true, ['trans-map'] = true, }, newsgroup = { ['message-id'] = true, ['newsgroup'] = true, }, report = { ['docket'] = true, }, serial = { ['airdate'] = true, ['air-date'] = true, ['credits'] = true, ['episode'] = true, -- cite serial only TODO: make available to cite episode? ['episode-link'] = true, -- alias of |title-link= ['network'] = true, ['people'] = true, ['series-link'] = true, ['station'] = true, }, speech = { ['conference'] = true, ['conference-format'] = true, ['conference-url'] = true, ['event'] = true, }, thesis = { ['degree'] = true, ['docket'] = true, }, } --[[--------------------------< C I T E _ D O C U M E N T >---------------------------------------------------- Special case for cite document. This template takes the limited basic and limited enumerated parameters plus others that are apply only to standalone published sources that cannot be cited any other way; no url, book, periodical, etc parameters; limited support for name lists and named identifiers. when validating parameters in {{cite document}} templates, the basic and ]] local document_arguments_t = { ['bibcode'] = true, ['bibcode-access'] = true, ['doi'] = true, ['DOI'] = true, ['doi-access'] = true, ['doi-broken-date'] = true, ['hdl'] = true, ['HDL'] = true, ['hdl-access'] = true, ['id'] = true, ['ID'] = true, ['jfm'] = true, ['JFM'] = true, ['lang'] = true, ['location'] = true, ['mr'] = true, ['MR'] = true, ['no-pp'] = true, ['orig-date'] = true, ['origyear'] = true, ['orig-year'] = true, ['osti'] = true, ['OSTI'] = true, ['osti-access'] = true, ['place'] = true, ['publisher'] = true, ['quote-page'] = true, ['quote-pages'] = true, ['script-quote'] = true, ['script-title'] = true, ['title-link'] = true, ['translator'] = true, ['translator-first'] = true, ['translator-given'] = true, ['translator-last'] = true, ['translator-surname'] = true, ['translator-link'] = true, ['translator-mask'] = true, ['trans-quote'] = true, ['type'] = true, ['zbl'] = true, ['ZBL'] = true, } local document_numbered_arguments_t = { ['translator#'] = true, ['translator-first#'] = true, ['translator#-first'] = true, ['translator-given#'] = true, ['translator#-given'] = true, ['translator-last#'] = true, ['translator#-last'] = true, ['translator-surname#'] = true, ['translator#-surname'] = true, ['translator-link#'] = true, ['translator#-link'] = true, ['translator-mask#'] = true, ['translator#-mask'] = true, } --[[--------------------------< L I S T _ C O M B I N E >------------------------------------------------------ makes one table from a list of tables. <lists_t> is a sequence of tables to be combined ]] local function list_combine (lists_t) local out_t = {}; for _, list_t in ipairs (lists_t) do -- for each list in <lists_t> for k, v in pairs (list_t) do -- extract each k/v pair out_t[k] = v; -- add to <out_t> end end return out_t; -- and done end --[[--------------------------< T E M P L A T E _ L I S T _ G E T >-------------------------------------------- gets a list of the templates from table t ]] local function template_list_get (t) local out_t = {}; -- a table for output for k, _ in pairs (t) do -- spin through the table and collect the keys table.insert (out_t, k) -- add each key to the output table end return out_t; -- and done end --[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D T A B L E S >------------------------------------------------ ]] return { preprint_arguments_t = preprint_arguments_t, preprint_template_list_t = template_list_get (preprint_arguments_t), -- make a template list from preprint_arguments{} table unique_arguments_t = unique_arguments_t, unique_param_template_list_t = template_list_get (unique_arguments_t), -- make a template list from unique_arguments{} table document_parameters_t = list_combine ({limited_basic_arguments_t, limited_numbered_arguments_t, document_arguments_t, document_numbered_arguments_t}); common_parameters_t = list_combine ({basic_arguments_t, numbered_arguments_t}); limited_parameters_t = list_combine ({limited_basic_arguments_t, limited_numbered_arguments_t}); }; 1livvij6p41ygpz0myvp2ov8j5lfzcj 828 7604 104426 2026-09-14T08:28:23Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "local z = { error_cats_t = {}; -- for categorizing citations that contain errors error_ids_t = {}; -- list of error identifiers; used to prevent duplication of certain errors; local to this module error_msgs_t = {}; -- sequence table of error messages maint_cats_t = {}; -- for categorizing citations that aren't erroneous per se, but could use a little work prop_cats_t = {}; -- for categorizing cit..." 104426 Scribunto text/plain local z = { error_cats_t = {}; -- for categorizing citations that contain errors error_ids_t = {}; -- list of error identifiers; used to prevent duplication of certain errors; local to this module error_msgs_t = {}; -- sequence table of error messages maint_cats_t = {}; -- for categorizing citations that aren't erroneous per se, but could use a little work prop_cats_t = {}; -- for categorizing citations based on certain properties, language of source for instance prop_keys_t = {}; -- for adding classes to the citation's <cite> tag }; --[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D D E C L A R A T I O N S >-------------------------------------- ]] local cfg; -- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration --[[--------------------------< I S _ S E T >------------------------------------------------------------------ Returns true if argument is set; false otherwise. Argument is 'set' when it exists (not nil) or when it is not an empty string. ]] local function is_set (var) return not (var == nil or var == ''); end --[[--------------------------< I N _ A R R A Y >-------------------------------------------------------------- Whether needle is in haystack ]] local function in_array (needle, haystack) if needle == nil then return false; end for n, v in ipairs (haystack) do if v == needle then return n; end end return false; end --[[--------------------------< H A S _ A C C E P T _ A S _ W R I T T E N >------------------------------------ When <str> is wholly wrapped in accept-as-written markup, return <str> without markup and true; return <str> and false else with allow_empty = false, <str> must have at least one character inside the markup with allow_empty = true, <str> the markup frame can be empty like (()) to distinguish an empty template parameter from the specific condition "has no applicable value" in citation-context. After further evaluation the two cases might be merged at a later stage, but should be kept separated for now. ]] local function has_accept_as_written (str, allow_empty) if not is_set (str) then return str, false; end local count; if true == allow_empty then str, count = str:gsub ('^%(%((.*)%)%)$', '%1'); -- allows (()) to be an empty set else str, count = str:gsub ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$', '%1'); end return str, 0 ~= count; end --[[--------------------------< S U B S T I T U T E >---------------------------------------------------------- Populates numbered arguments in a message string using an argument table. <args> may be a single string or a sequence table of multiple strings. ]] local function substitute (msg, args) return args and mw.message.newRawMessage (msg, args):plain() or msg; end --[[--------------------------< E R R O R _ C O M M E N T >---------------------------------------------------- Wraps error messages with CSS markup according to the state of hidden. <content> may be a single string or a sequence table of multiple strings. ]] local function error_comment (content, hidden) return substitute (hidden and cfg.presentation['hidden-error'] or cfg.presentation['visible-error'], content); end --[[--------------------------< H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H >-------------------------------------------------- Converts a hyphen, endash, emdash to endash under certain conditions. The hyphen/en/em must separate like items; unlike items are returned unmodified. These forms are modified: letter - letter (A-B) digit - digit (4-5) digit separator digit - digit separator digit (4.1-4.5 or 4-1-4-5) letterdigit - letterdigit (A1-A5) (an optional separator between letter and digit is supported – a.1-a.5 or a-1-a-5) digitletter - digitletter (5a-5d) (an optional separator between letter and digit is supported – 5.a-5.d or 5-a-5-d) any other forms are returned unmodified. str may be a comma- or semicolon-separated list of page ranges with/without single pages ]] local function hyphen_to_dash (str) if not is_set (str) then return str; end str = str:gsub ("(%(%(.-%)%))", function(m) return m:gsub(",", "，"):gsub(";", "；") end) -- replace commas and semicolons in accept-as-written markup with similar unicode characters so they'll be ignored during the split str = str:gsub ('&[nm]dash;', {['&ndash;'] = '–', ['&mdash;'] = '—'}); -- replace &mdash; and &ndash; entities with their characters; semicolon mucks up the text.split str = str:gsub ('&#45;', '-'); -- replace HTML numeric entity with hyphen character str = str:gsub ('&nbsp;', ' '); -- replace &nbsp; entity with generic keyboard space character local out = {}; local list = mw.text.split (str, '%s*[,;]%s*'); -- split str at comma or semicolon separators if there are any local accept; -- boolean for _, item in ipairs (list) do -- for each item in the list item, accept = has_accept_as_written (item); -- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of item if not accept and mw.ustring.match (item, '^%w*[%.%-]?%w+%s*[—–-]%s*%w*[%.%-]?%w+$') then -- if pagination uses <hyphen|dot> separators with hyphen/endash/emdash <range separator> if mw.ustring.match (item, '^%a+[%.%-]%d+%s*[—–-]%s*%a+[%.%-]%d+$') or -- letter<hyphen|dot>digit <range separator> letter<hyphen|dot>digit (requires <hyphen|dot> separator between letter and digit) mw.ustring.match (item, '^%d+[%.%-]%a+%s*[—–-]%s*%d+[%.%-]%a+$') or -- digit<hyphen|dot>letter <range separator> digit<hyphen|dot>letter (requires <hyphen|dot> separator between digit and letter) mw.ustring.match (item, '^%d+[%.%-]%d+%s*[—–-]%s*%d+[%.%-]%d+$') then -- digit<hyphen|dot>digit <range separator> digit<hyphen|dot>digit (requires <hyphen|dot> separator between digit and digit) item = mw.ustring.gsub (item, '(%w*[%.%-]%w+)%s*[—–-]%s*(%w*[%.%-]%w+)', '<span class="nowrap">%1 –</span> <span class="nowrap">%2</span>'); -- replace <range separator>, with spaced endash elseif mw.ustring.match (item, '^%d+%a+%s*[—–-]%s*%d+%a+$') or -- digitletter <range separator> digitletter mw.ustring.match (item, '^%a+%d+%s*[—–-]%s*%a+%d+$') or -- letterdigit <range separator> letterdigit mw.ustring.match (item, '^%d+%s*[—–-]%s*%d+$') or -- digit <range separator> digit mw.ustring.match (item, '^%a+%s*[—–-]%s*%a+$') then -- letter<range separator> letter item = mw.ustring.gsub (item, '(%w+)%s*[—–-]%s*(%w+)', '<span class="nowrap">%1–</span>%2'); -- replace <range separator> with endash, remove extraneous space characters else -- item = mw.ustring.gsub (item, '%s*[—–-]%s*', '–'); -- disabled; here when 'unlike' items so return <item> as is end end table.insert (out, item); -- add the (possibly modified) item to the output table end local temp_str; -- concatenate the output table into a comma separated string temp_str, accept = has_accept_as_written (table.concat (out, ', ')); -- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of concatenated out if accept then temp_str = has_accept_as_written (str); -- when global markup removed, return original str; do it this way to suppress boolean second return value return temp_str:gsub("，", ","):gsub("；", ";"); else return temp_str:gsub("，", ","):gsub("；", ";"); -- else, return assembled temp_str end end --[=[-------------------------< M A K E _ W I K I L I N K >---------------------------------------------------- Makes a wikilink; when both link and display text is provided, returns a wikilink in the form [[L|D]]; if only link is provided (or link and display are the same), returns a wikilink in the form [[L]]; if neither are provided or link is omitted, returns an empty string. ]=] local function make_wikilink (link, display) if not is_set (link) then return '' end if is_set (display) and link ~= display then return table.concat ({'[[', link, '|', display, ']]'}); else return table.concat ({'[[', link, ']]'}); end end --[[--------------------------< S E T _ M E S S A G E >---------------------------------------------------------- Sets an error message using the ~/Configuration error_conditions{} table along with arguments supplied in the function call, inserts the resulting message in z.error_msgs_t{} sequence table, and returns the error message. <error_id> – key value for appropriate error handler in ~/Configuration error_conditions{} table <arguments> – may be a single string or a sequence table of multiple strings to be subsititued into error_conditions[error_id].message <raw> – boolean true – causes this function to return the error message not wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag; returns error_conditions[error_id].hidden as a second return value does not add message to z.error_msgs_t sequence table false, nil – adds message wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag to z.error_msgs_t returns the error message wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag; there is no second return value <prefix> – string to be prepended to <message> -- TODO: remove support for these unused(?) arguments? <suffix> – string to be appended to <message> TODO: change z.error_cats_t and z.maint_cats_t to have the form cat_name = true? this to avoid dups without having to have an extra table ]] local added_maint_cats = {} -- list of maintenance categories that have been added to z.maint_cats_t; TODO: figure out how to delete this table local function set_message (error_id, arguments, raw, prefix, suffix) local error_state = cfg.error_conditions[error_id]; prefix = prefix or ''; suffix = suffix or ''; if error_state == nil then error (cfg.messages['undefined_error'] .. ': ' .. error_id); -- because missing error handler in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration elseif is_set (error_state.category) then if error_state.message then -- when error_state.message defined, this is an error message table.insert (z.error_cats_t, error_state.category); else if not added_maint_cats[error_id] then added_maint_cats[error_id] = true; -- note that we've added this category table.insert (z.maint_cats_t, substitute (error_state.category, arguments)); -- make cat name then add to table end return; -- because no message, nothing more to do end end local message = substitute (error_state.message, arguments); message = table.concat ( { message, ' (', make_wikilink ( table.concat ( { cfg.messages['help page link'], '#', error_state.anchor }), cfg.messages['help page label']), ')' }); z.error_ids_t[error_id] = true; if z.error_ids_t['err_citation_missing_title'] and -- if missing-title error already noted in_array (error_id, {'err_bare_url_missing_title', 'err_trans_missing_title'}) then -- and this error is one of these return '', false; -- don't bother because one flavor of missing title is sufficient end message = table.concat ({prefix, message, suffix}); if true == raw then return message, error_state.hidden; -- return message not wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag end message = error_comment (message, error_state.hidden); -- wrap message in visible-error, hidden-error span tag table.insert (z.error_msgs_t, message); -- add it to the messages sequence table return message; -- and done; return value generally not used but is used as a flag in various functions of ~/Identifiers end --[[-------------------------< I S _ A L I A S _ U S E D >----------------------------------------------------- This function is used by select_one() to determine if one of a list of alias parameters is in the argument list provided by the template. Input: args – pointer to the arguments table from calling template alias – one of the list of possible aliases in the aliases lists from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration index – for enumerated parameters, identifies which one enumerated – true/false flag used to choose how enumerated aliases are examined value – value associated with an alias that has previously been selected; nil if not yet selected selected – the alias that has previously been selected; nil if not yet selected error_list – list of aliases that are duplicates of the alias already selected Returns: value – value associated with alias we selected or that was previously selected or nil if an alias not yet selected selected – the alias we selected or the alias that was previously selected or nil if an alias not yet selected ]] local function is_alias_used (args, alias, index, enumerated, value, selected, error_list) if enumerated then -- is this a test for an enumerated parameters? alias = alias:gsub ('#', index); -- replace '#' with the value in index else alias = alias:gsub ('#', ''); -- remove '#' if it exists end if is_set (args[alias]) then -- alias is in the template's argument list if value ~= nil and selected ~= alias then -- if we have already selected one of the aliases local skip; for _, v in ipairs (error_list) do -- spin through the error list to see if we've added this alias if v == alias then skip = true; break; -- has been added so stop looking end end if not skip then -- has not been added so table.insert (error_list, alias); -- add error alias to the error list end else value = args[alias]; -- not yet selected an alias, so select this one selected = alias; end end return value, selected; -- return newly selected alias, or previously selected alias end --[[--------------------------< A D D _ M A I N T _ C A T >------------------------------------------------------ Adds a category to z.maint_cats_t using names from the configuration file with additional text if any. To prevent duplication, the added_maint_cats table lists the categories by key that have been added to z.maint_cats_t. ]] local function add_maint_cat (key, arguments) if not added_maint_cats [key] then added_maint_cats [key] = true; -- note that we've added this category table.insert (z.maint_cats_t, substitute (cfg.maint_cats [key], arguments)); -- make name then add to table end end --[[--------------------------< A D D _ P R O P _ C A T >-------------------------------------------------------- Adds a category to z.prop_cats_t using names from the configuration file with additional text if any. foreign_lang_source and foreign_lang_source_2 keys have a language code appended to them so that multiple languages may be categorized but multiples of the same language are not categorized. added_prop_cats is a table declared in page scope variables above ]] local added_prop_cats = {}; -- list of property categories that have been added to z.prop_cats_t local function add_prop_cat (key, arguments, key_modifier) local key_modified = key .. ((key_modifier and key_modifier) or ''); -- modify <key> with <key_modifier> if present and not nil if not added_prop_cats [key_modified] then added_prop_cats [key_modified] = true; -- note that we've added this category table.insert (z.prop_cats_t, substitute (cfg.prop_cats [key], arguments)); -- make name then add to table table.insert (z.prop_keys_t, 'cs1-prop-' .. key); -- convert key to class for use in the citation's <cite> tag end end --[[--------------------------< S A F E _ F O R _ I T A L I C S >---------------------------------------------- Protects a string that will be wrapped in wiki italic markup '' ... '' Note: We cannot use <i> for italics, as the expected behavior for italics specified by ''...'' in the title is that they will be inverted (i.e. unitalicized) in the resulting references. In addition, <i> and '' tend to interact poorly under Mediawiki's HTML tidy. ]] local function safe_for_italics (str) if not is_set (str) then return str end if str:sub (1, 1) == "'" then str = "<span></span>" .. str; end if str:sub (-1, -1) == "'" then str = str .. "<span></span>"; end return str:gsub ('\n', ' '); -- Remove newlines as they break italics. end --[[--------------------------< W R A P _ S T Y L E >---------------------------------------------------------- Applies styling to various parameters. Supplied string is wrapped using a message_list configuration taking one argument; protects italic styled parameters. Additional text taken from citation_config.presentation - the reason this function is similar to but separate from wrap_msg(). ]] local function wrap_style (key, str) if not is_set (str) then return ""; elseif in_array (key, {'italic-title', 'trans-italic-title'}) then str = safe_for_italics (str); end return substitute (cfg.presentation[key], {str}); end --[[--------------------------< M A K E _ S E P _ L I S T >------------------------------------------------------------ make a separated list of items using provided separators. <sep_list> - typically '<comma><space>' <sep_list_pair> - typically '<space>and<space>' <sep_list_end> - typically '<comma><space>and<space>' or '<comma><space>&<space>' defaults to cfg.presentation['sep_list'], cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'], and cfg.presentation['sep_list_end'] if <sep_list_end> is specified, <sep_list> and <sep_list_pair> must also be supplied ]] local function make_sep_list (count, list_seq, sep_list, sep_list_pair, sep_list_end) local list = ''; if not sep_list then -- set the defaults sep_list = cfg.presentation['sep_list']; sep_list_pair = cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair']; sep_list_end = cfg.presentation['sep_list_end']; end if 2 >= count then list = table.concat (list_seq, sep_list_pair); -- insert separator between two items; returns list_seq[1] then only one item elseif 2 < count then list = table.concat (list_seq, sep_list, 1, count - 1); -- concatenate all but last item with plain list separator list = table.concat ({list, list_seq[count]}, sep_list_end); -- concatenate last item onto end of <list> with final separator end return list; end --[[--------------------------< S E L E C T _ O N E >---------------------------------------------------------- Chooses one matching parameter from a list of parameters to consider. The list of parameters to consider is just names. For parameters that may be enumerated, the position of the numerator in the parameter name is identified by the '#' so |author-last1= and |author1-last= are represented as 'author-last#' and 'author#-last'. Because enumerated parameter |<param>1= is an alias of |<param>= we must test for both possibilities. Generates an error if more than one match is present. ]] local function select_one (args, aliases_list, error_condition, index) local value = nil; -- the value assigned to the selected parameter local selected = ''; -- the name of the parameter we have chosen local error_list = {}; if index ~= nil then index = tostring(index); end for _, alias in ipairs (aliases_list) do -- for each alias in the aliases list if alias:match ('#') then -- if this alias can be enumerated if '1' == index then -- when index is 1 test for enumerated and non-enumerated aliases value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, false, value, selected, error_list); -- first test for non-enumerated alias end value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, true, value, selected, error_list); -- test for enumerated alias else value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, false, value, selected, error_list); -- test for non-enumerated alias end end if #error_list > 0 and 'none' ~= error_condition then -- for cases where this code is used outside of extract_names() for i, v in ipairs (error_list) do error_list[i] = wrap_style ('parameter', v); end table.insert (error_list, wrap_style ('parameter', selected)); set_message (error_condition, {make_sep_list (#error_list, error_list)}); end return value, selected; end --[=[-------------------------< R E M O V E _ W I K I _ L I N K >---------------------------------------------- Gets the display text from a wikilink like [[A|B]] or [[B]] gives B The str:gsub() returns either A|B froma [[A|B]] or B from [[B]] or B from B (no wikilink markup). In l(), l:gsub() removes the link and pipe (if they exist); the second :gsub() trims whitespace from the label if str was wrapped in wikilink markup. Presumably, this is because without wikimarkup in str, there is no match in the initial gsub, the replacement function l() doesn't get called. ]=] local function remove_wiki_link (str) return (str:gsub ("%[%[([^%[%]]*)%]%]", function(l) return l:gsub ("^[^|]*|(.*)$", "%1" ):gsub ("^%s*(.-)%s*$", "%1"); end)); end --[=[-------------------------< I S _ W I K I L I N K >-------------------------------------------------------- Determines if str is a wikilink, extracts, and returns the wikilink type, link text, and display text parts. If str is a complex wikilink ([[L|D]]): returns wl_type 2 and D and L from [[L|D]]; if str is a simple wikilink ([[D]]) returns wl_type 1 and D from [[D]] and L as empty string; if not a wikilink: returns wl_type 0, str as D, and L as empty string. trims leading and trailing whitespace and pipes from L and D ([[L|]] and [[|D]] are accepted by MediaWiki and treated like [[D]]; while [[|D|]] is not accepted by MediaWiki, here, we accept it and return D without the pipes). ]=] local function is_wikilink (str) local D, L local wl_type = 2; -- assume that str is a complex wikilink [[L|D]] if not str:match ('^%[%[[^%]]+%]%]$') then -- is str some sort of a wikilink (must have some sort of content) return 0, str, ''; -- not a wikilink; return wl_type as 0, str as D, and empty string as L end L, D = str:match ('^%[%[([^|]+)|([^%]]+)%]%]$'); -- get L and D from [[L|D]] if not is_set (D) then -- if no separate display D = str:match ('^%[%[([^%]]*)|*%]%]$'); -- get D from [[D]] or [[D|]] wl_type = 1; end D = mw.text.trim (D, '%s|'); -- trim white space and pipe characters return wl_type, D, L or ''; end --[[--------------------------< S T R I P _ A P O S T R O P H E _ M A R K U P >-------------------------------- Strip wiki italic and bold markup from argument so that it doesn't contaminate COinS metadata. This function strips common patterns of apostrophe markup. We presume that editors who have taken the time to markup a title have, as a result, provided valid markup. When they don't, some single apostrophes are left behind. Returns the argument without wiki markup and a number; the number is more-or-less meaningless except as a flag to indicate that markup was replaced; do not rely on it as an indicator of how many of any kind of markup was removed; returns the argument and nil when no markup removed ]] local function strip_apostrophe_markup (argument) if not is_set (argument) then return argument, nil; -- no argument, nothing to do end if nil == argument:find ( "''", 1, true ) then -- Is there at least one double apostrophe? If not, exit. return argument, nil; end local flag; while true do if argument:find ("'''''", 1, true) then -- bold italic (5) argument, flag = argument:gsub ("%'%'%'%'%'", ""); -- remove all instances of it elseif argument:find ("''''", 1, true) then -- italic start and end without content (4) argument, flag=argument:gsub ("%'%'%'%'", ""); elseif argument:find ("'''", 1, true) then -- bold (3) argument, flag=argument:gsub ("%'%'%'", ""); elseif argument:find ("''", 1, true) then -- italic (2) argument, flag = argument:gsub ("%'%'", ""); else break; end end return argument, flag; -- done end --[[--------------------------< S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S >-------------------------------------- Sets local cfg table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules. ]] local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr) cfg = cfg_table_ptr; end --[[--------------------------< E X P O R T S >---------------------------------------------------------------- ]] return { add_maint_cat = add_maint_cat, -- exported functions add_prop_cat = add_prop_cat, error_comment = error_comment, has_accept_as_written = has_accept_as_written, hyphen_to_dash = hyphen_to_dash, in_array = in_array, is_set = is_set, is_wikilink = is_wikilink, make_sep_list = make_sep_list, make_wikilink = make_wikilink, remove_wiki_link = remove_wiki_link, safe_for_italics = safe_for_italics, select_one = select_one, set_message = set_message, set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules, strip_apostrophe_markup = strip_apostrophe_markup, substitute = substitute, wrap_style = wrap_style, z = z, -- exported table } bvyfrlfh7kkrrt2v6jk2f3z13girav4 828 7605 104427 2026-09-14T08:30:13Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "--[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D D E C L A R A T I O N S >-------------------------------------- ]] local add_prop_cat, is_set, in_array, set_message, substitute, wrap_style; -- imported functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities local cfg; -- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration --[[--------------------------< F I L E - S C O P E D E C L A R A T I O N S >--------------------------------..." 104427 Scribunto text/plain --[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D D E C L A R A T I O N S >-------------------------------------- ]] local add_prop_cat, is_set, in_array, set_message, substitute, wrap_style; -- imported functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities local cfg; -- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration --[[--------------------------< F I L E - S C O P E D E C L A R A T I O N S >-------------------------------- File-scope variables are declared here ]] local lang_obj = mw.getContentLanguage(); -- used by is_valid_accessdate(), is_valid_year(), date_name_xlate(); local year_limit; -- used by is_valid_year() --[=[-------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ A C C E S S D A T E >---------------------------------------- returns true if: Wikipedia start date <= accessdate < today + 2 days Wikipedia start date is 2001-01-15T00:00:00 UTC which is 979516800 seconds after 1970-01-01T00:00:00 UTC (the start of Unix time) accessdate is the date provided in |access-date= at time 00:00:00 UTC today is the current date at time 00:00:00 UTC plus 48 hours if today is 2015-01-01T00:00:00 then adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-02T00:00:00 – one second more than today adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-03T00:00:00 – one second more than tomorrow This function does not work if it is fed month names for languages other than English. Wikimedia #time: parser apparently doesn't understand non-English date month names. This function will always return false when the date contains a non-English month name because good1 is false after the call to lang.formatDate(). To get around that call this function with YYYY-MM-DD format dates. ]=] local function is_valid_accessdate (accessdate) local good1, good2; local access_ts, tomorrow_ts; -- to hold Unix time stamps representing the dates good1, access_ts = pcall (lang_obj.formatDate, lang_obj, 'U', accessdate ); -- convert accessdate value to Unix timestamp good2, tomorrow_ts = pcall (lang_obj.formatDate, lang_obj, 'U', 'today + 2 days' ); -- today midnight + 2 days is one second more than all day tomorrow if good1 and good2 then -- lang.formatDate() returns a timestamp in the local script which which tonumber() may not understand access_ts = tonumber (access_ts) or lang_obj:parseFormattedNumber (access_ts); -- convert to numbers for the comparison; tomorrow_ts = tonumber (tomorrow_ts) or lang_obj:parseFormattedNumber (tomorrow_ts); else return false; -- one or both failed to convert to Unix time stamp end if 979516800 <= access_ts and access_ts < tomorrow_ts then -- Wikipedia start date <= accessdate < tomorrow's date return true; else return false; -- accessdate out of range end end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ M O N T H _ N U M B E R >---------------------------------------------- returns a number according to the month in a date: 1 for January, etc. Capitalization and spelling must be correct. If not a valid month, returns 0 ]] local function get_month_number (month) return cfg.date_names['local'].long[month] or cfg.date_names['local'].short[month] or -- look for local names first cfg.date_names['en'].long[month] or cfg.date_names['en'].short[month] or -- failing that, look for English names 0; -- not a recognized month name end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ S E A S O N _ N U M B E R >-------------------------------------------- returns a number according to the sequence of seasons in a year: 21 for Spring, etc. Capitalization and spelling must be correct. If not a valid season, returns 0. 21-24 = Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter, independent of “Hemisphere” returns 0 when <param> is not |date= Season numbering is defined by Extended Date/Time Format (EDTF) specification (https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/) which became part of ISO 8601 in 2019. See '§Sub-year groupings'. The standard defines various divisions using numbers 21-41. cs1|2 only supports generic seasons. EDTF does support the distinction between north and south hemisphere seasons but cs1|2 has no way to make that distinction. These additional divisions not currently supported: 25-28 = Spring - Northern Hemisphere, Summer- Northern Hemisphere, Autumn - Northern Hemisphere, Winter - Northern Hemisphere 29-32 = Spring – Southern Hemisphere, Summer– Southern Hemisphere, Autumn – Southern Hemisphere, Winter - Southern Hemisphere 33-36 = Quarter 1, Quarter 2, Quarter 3, Quarter 4 (3 months each) 37-39 = Quadrimester 1, Quadrimester 2, Quadrimester 3 (4 months each) 40-41 = Semestral 1, Semestral-2 (6 months each) ]] local function get_season_number (season, param) if 'date' ~= param then return 0; -- season dates only supported by |date= end return cfg.date_names['local'].season[season] or -- look for local names first cfg.date_names['en'].season[season] or -- failing that, look for English names 0; -- not a recognized season name end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ Q U A R T E R _ N U M B E R >------------------------------------------ returns a number according to the sequence of quarters in a year: 33 for first quarter, etc. Capitalization and spelling must be correct. If not a valid quarter, returns 0. 33-36 = Quarter 1, Quarter 2, Quarter 3, Quarter 4 (3 months each) returns 0 when <param> is not |date= Quarter numbering is defined by Extended Date/Time Format (EDTF) specification (https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/) which became part of ISO 8601 in 2019. See '§Sub-year groupings'. The standard defines various divisions using numbers 21-41. cs1|2 only supports generic seasons and quarters. These additional divisions not currently supported: 37-39 = Quadrimester 1, Quadrimester 2, Quadrimester 3 (4 months each) 40-41 = Semestral 1, Semestral-2 (6 months each) ]] local function get_quarter_number (quarter, param) if 'date' ~= param then return 0; -- quarter dates only supported by |date= end quarter = mw.ustring.gsub (quarter, ' +', ' '); -- special case replace multiple space chars with a single space char return cfg.date_names['local'].quarter[quarter] or -- look for local names first cfg.date_names['en'].quarter[quarter] or -- failing that, look for English names 0; -- not a recognized quarter name end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ P R O P E R _ N A M E _ N U M B E R >---------------------------------- returns a non-zero number if date contains a recognized proper-name. Capitalization and spelling must be correct. returns 0 when <param> is not |date= ]] local function get_proper_name_number (name, param) if 'date' ~= param then return 0; -- proper-name dates only supported by |date= end return cfg.date_names['local'].named[name] or -- look for local names dates first cfg.date_names['en'].named[name] or -- failing that, look for English names 0; -- not a recognized named date end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ E L E M E N T _ N U M B E R <------------------------------------------ returns true if month or season or quarter or proper name is valid (properly spelled, capitalized, abbreviated) ]] local function get_element_number (element, param) local num; local funcs = {get_month_number, get_season_number, get_quarter_number, get_proper_name_number}; -- list of functions to execute in order for _, func in ipairs (funcs) do -- spin through the function list num = func (element, param); -- call the function and get the returned number if 0 ~= num then -- non-zero when valid month season quarter return num; -- return that number end end return nil; -- not valid end --[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ Y E A R >---------------------------------------------------- Function gets current year from the server and compares it to year from a citation parameter. Years more than one year in the future are not acceptable. Special case for |pmc-embargo-date=: years more than two years in the future are not acceptable ]] local function is_valid_year (year, param) if not is_set (year_limit) then year_limit = tonumber(os.date("%Y"))+1; -- global variable so we only have to fetch it once end year = tonumber (year) or lang_obj:parseFormattedNumber (year); -- convert to number for the comparison if year and (100 > year) then -- years less than 100 not supported return false; end if 'pmc-embargo-date' == param then -- special case for |pmc-embargo-date= return year and (year <= tonumber(os.date("%Y"))+2) or false; -- years more than two years in the future are not accepted end return year and (year <= year_limit) or false; end --[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ D A T E >---------------------------------------------------- Returns true if day is less than or equal to the number of days in month and year is no farther into the future than next year; else returns false. Assumes Julian calendar prior to year 1582 and Gregorian calendar thereafter. Accounts for Julian calendar leap years before 1582 and Gregorian leap years after 1582. Where the two calendars overlap (1582 to approximately 1923) dates are assumed to be Gregorian. ]] local function is_valid_date (year, month, day, param) local days_in_month = {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31}; local month_length; if not is_valid_year (year, param) then -- no farther into the future than next year except |pmc-embargo-date= no more than two years in the future return false; end month = tonumber (month); -- required for YYYY-MM-DD dates if (2 == month) then -- if February month_length = 28; -- then 28 days unless if 1582 > tonumber(year) then -- Julian calendar if 0 == (year%4) then -- is a leap year? month_length = 29; -- if leap year then 29 days in February end else -- Gregorian calendar if (0 == (year%4) and (0 ~= (year%100) or 0 == (year%400))) then -- is a leap year? month_length = 29; -- if leap year then 29 days in February end end else month_length = days_in_month[month] or 0; -- invalid month number is nil so default <month_length> to 0 end if tonumber (day) > month_length then return false; end return true; end --[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ M O N T H _ R A N G E _ S T Y L E >-------------------------- Months in a range are expected to have the same style: Jan–Mar or October–December but not February–Mar or Jul–August. This function looks in cfg.date_names{} to see if both month names are listed in the long subtable or both are listed in the short subtable. When both have the same style (both are listed in the same table), returns true; false else ]] local function is_valid_month_range_style (month1, month2) if (cfg.date_names.en.long[month1] and cfg.date_names.en.long[month2]) or -- are both English names listed in the long subtable? (cfg.date_names.en.short[month1] and cfg.date_names.en.short[month2]) or -- are both English names listed in the short subtable? (cfg.date_names['local'].long[month1] and cfg.date_names['local'].long[month2]) or -- are both local names listed in the long subtable? (cfg.date_names['local'].short[month1] and cfg.date_names['local'].short[month2]) then -- are both local names listed in the short subtable? return true; end return false; -- names are mixed end --[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ M O N T H _ S E A S O N _ R A N G E >------------------------ Check a pair of months or seasons to see if both are valid members of a month or season pair. Month pairs are expected to be left to right, earliest to latest in time. All season ranges are accepted as valid because there are publishers out there who have published a Summer–Spring YYYY issue, hence treat as ok ]] local function is_valid_month_season_range(range_start, range_end, param) local range_start_number = get_month_number (range_start); local range_end_number; if 0 == range_start_number then -- is this a month range? range_start_number = get_season_number (range_start, param); -- not a month; is it a season? get start season number range_end_number = get_season_number (range_end, param); -- get end season number if (0 ~= range_start_number) and (0 ~= range_end_number) and (range_start_number ~= range_end_number) then return true; -- any season pairing is accepted except when both are the same end return false; -- range_start and/or range_end is not a season end -- here when range_start is a month range_end_number = get_month_number (range_end); -- get end month number if range_start_number < range_end_number and -- range_start is a month; does range_start precede range_end? is_valid_month_range_style (range_start, range_end) then -- do months have the same style? return true; -- proper order and same style end return false; -- range_start month number is greater than or equal to range end number; or range end isn't a month end --[[--------------------------< M A K E _ C O I N S _ D A T E >------------------------------------------------ This function receives a table of date parts for one or two dates and an empty table reference declared in Module:Citation/CS1. The function is called only for |date= parameters and only if the |date=<value> is determined to be a valid date format. The question of what to do with invalid date formats is not answered here. The date parts in the input table are converted to an ISO 8601 conforming date string: single whole dates: yyyy-mm-dd month and year dates: yyyy-mm year dates: yyyy ranges: yyyy-mm-dd/yyyy-mm-dd yyyy-mm/yyyy-mm yyyy/yyyy Dates in the Julian calendar are reduced to year or year/year so that we don't have to do calendar conversion from Julian to Proleptic Gregorian. The input table has: year, year2 – always present; if before 1582, ignore months and days if present month, month2 – 0 if not provided, 1-12 for months, 21-24 for seasons; 99 Christmas day, day2 – 0 if not provided, 1-31 for days the output table receives: rftdate: an ISO 8601 formatted date rftchron: a free-form version of the date, usually without year which is in rftdate (season ranges and proper-name dates) rftssn: one of four season keywords: winter, spring, summer, fall (lowercase) rftquarter: one of four values: 1, 2, 3, 4 ]] local function make_COinS_date (input, COinS_date_t) local date; -- one date or first date in a range local date2 = ''; -- end of range date input.year = tonumber (input.year) or lang_obj:parseFormattedNumber (input.year); -- language-aware tonumber() input.year2 = tonumber (input.year2) or lang_obj:parseFormattedNumber (input.year2); -- COinS dates are pseudo-ISO 8601 so convert to Arabic numerals if ((1582 == input.year) and (10 > tonumber(input.month))) or (1582 > input.year) then -- if a Julian calendar date COinS_date_t.rftdate = tostring (input.year); -- &rft.date gets year only return; -- done end -- here for all forms of Gregorian dates if 20 < tonumber (input.month) then -- if season, quarter, or proper-name date date = input.year; -- &rft.date gets year only if 0 ~= input.year2 and input.year ~= input.year2 then -- if a range, only the second year portion when not the same as range start year date = string.format ('%.4d/%.4d', input.year, input.year2) -- assemble the date range end local season = {[24] = 'winter', [21] = 'spring', [22] = 'summer', [23] = 'fall', [33] = '1', [34] = '2', [35] = '3', [36] = '4', [98] = 'Easter', [99] = 'Christmas'}; -- seasons lowercase, no autumn; proper-names use title case if 0 == input.month2 then -- single season, quarter, or proper-name date if 40 < tonumber(input.month) then COinS_date_t.rftchron = season[input.month]; -- proper-name date; used in journal metadata only elseif 30 < tonumber(input.month) then COinS_date_t.rftquarter = season[input.month]; -- quarter date; used in journal metadata only else COinS_date_t.rftssn = season[input.month]; -- season date; used in journal metadata only end else -- season ranges are lumped into &rft.chron; &rft.ssn and &rft.quarter are left blank if input.year ~= input.year2 then -- season year – season year range or season year–year if 0 ~= input.month2 then COinS_date_t.rftchron = string.format ('%s %s – %s %s', season[input.month], input.year, season[input.month2], input.year2); -- used in journal metadata only end else -- season–season year range COinS_date_t.rftchron = season[input.month] .. '–' .. season[input.month2]; -- season–season year range; used in journal metadata only end end COinS_date_t.rftdate = tostring (date); return; -- done end -- here for gregorian calendar dates if 0 ~= input.day then date = string.format ('%s-%.2d-%.2d', input.year, tonumber(input.month), tonumber(input.day)); -- whole date elseif 0 ~= input.month then date = string.format ('%s-%.2d', input.year, tonumber(input.month)); -- year and month else date = string.format ('%s', input.year); -- just year end if 0 ~= input.year2 then if 0 ~= input.day2 then date2 = string.format ('/%s-%.2d-%.2d', input.year2, tonumber(input.month2), tonumber(input.day2)); -- whole date elseif 0 ~= input.month2 then date2 = string.format ('/%s-%.2d', input.year2, tonumber(input.month2)); -- year and month else date2 = string.format ('/%s', input.year2); -- just year end end COinS_date_t.rftdate = date .. date2; -- date2 has the '/' separator return; end --[[--------------------------< P A T T E R N S _ T >---------------------------------------------------------- this is the list of patterns for date formats that this module recognizes. Approximately the first half of these patterns represent formats that might be reformatted into another format. Those that might be reformatted have 'indicator' letters that identify the content of the matching capture: 'd' (day), 'm' (month), 'a' (anchor year), 'y' (year); second day, month, year have a '2' suffix. These patterns are used for both date validation and for reformatting. This table should not be moved to ~/Configuration because changes to this table require changes to check_date() and to reformatter() and reformat_date() ]] local patterns_t = { -- year-initial numerical year-month-day ['ymd'] = {'^([1-9]%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)%-(%d%d)$', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, -- month-initial: month day, year ['Mdy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'm', 'd', 'a', 'y'}, -- month-initial day range: month day–day, year; days are separated by endash ['Md-dy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?)[%-–]([1-9]%d?), +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'm', 'd', 'd2', 'a', 'y'}, -- day-initial: day month year ['dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'd', 'm', 'a', 'y'}, -- year-initial: year month day; day: 1 or 2 two digits, leading zero allowed; not supported at en.wiki -- ['yMd'] = {'^(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?) +(%D-) +(%d%d?)$', 'a', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, -- day-range-initial: day–day month year; days are separated by endash ['d-dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?)[%-–]([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'd', 'd2', 'm', 'a', 'y'}, -- day initial month-day-range: day month - day month year; uses spaced endash ['dM-dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +[%-–] +([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'd', 'm', 'd2', 'm2', 'a', 'y'}, -- month initial month-day-range: month day – month day, year; uses spaced endash ['Md-Mdy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?) +[%-–] +(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$','m', 'd', 'm2', 'd2', 'a', 'y'}, -- day initial month-day-year-range: day month year - day month year; uses spaced endash ['dMy-dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +([1-9]%d%d%d?) +[%-–] +([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'd', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'a', 'y2'}, -- month initial month-day-year-range: month day, year – month day, year; uses spaced endash ['Mdy-Mdy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +([1-9]%d%d%d?) +[%-–] +(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'm', 'd', 'y', 'm2', 'd2', 'a', 'y2'}, -- these date formats cannot be converted, per se, but month name can be rendered short or long -- month/season year - month/season year; separated by spaced endash ['My-My'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d%d%d?) +[%-–] +(%D-) +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'm', 'y', 'm2', 'a', 'y2'}, -- month/season range year; months separated by endash ['M-My'] = {'^(%D-)[%-–](%D-) +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'm', 'm2', 'a', 'y'}, -- month/season year or proper-name year; quarter year when First Quarter YYYY etc. ['My'] = {'^([^%d–]-) +(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$', 'm', 'a', 'y'}, -- this way because endash is a member of %D; %D- will match January–March 2019 when it shouldn't -- these date formats cannot be converted ['Sy4-y2'] = {'^(%D-) +(([1-9]%d)%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d)%l?)$'}, -- special case Winter/Summer year-year (YYYY-YY); year separated with unspaced endash ['Sy-y'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d%d%d?)[%-–](([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$'}, -- special case Winter/Summer year-year; year separated with unspaced endash ['y-y'] = {'^([1-9]%d%d%d?)[%-–](([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$'}, -- year range: YYY-YYY or YYY-YYYY or YYYY–YYYY; separated by unspaced endash; 100-9999 ['y4-y2'] = {'^(([1-9]%d)%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d)%l?)$'}, -- year range: YYYY–YY; separated by unspaced endash ['y'] = {'^(([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?)$'}, -- year; here accept either YYY or YYYY -- these date formats cannot be converted ['n.d.'] = {'^((n%.d%.)%l?)$'}, -- no date with dots ['nd'] = {'^((nd)%l?)$'}, -- no date } --[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ E M B A R G O _ D A T E >------------------------------------ returns true and date value if that value has proper dmy, mdy, ymd format. returns false and 9999 (embargoed forever) when date value is not proper format; assumes that when |pmc-embargo-date= is set, the editor intended to embargo a PMC but |pmc-embargo-date= does not hold a single date. ]] local function is_valid_embargo_date (v) if v:match (patterns_t['ymd'][1]) or -- ymd v:match (patterns_t['Mdy'][1]) or -- dmy v:match (patterns_t['dMy'][1]) then -- mdy return true, v; end return false, '9999'; -- if here not good date so return false and set embargo date to long time in future end --[[--------------------------< C H E C K _ D A T E >---------------------------------------------------------- Check date format to see that it is one of the formats approved by WP:DATESNO or WP:DATERANGE. Exception: only allowed range separator is endash. Additionally, check the date to see that it is a real date: no 31 in 30-day months; no 29 February when not a leap year. Months, both long-form and three character abbreviations, and seasons must be spelled correctly. Future years beyond next year are not allowed. If the date fails the format tests, this function returns false and does not return values for anchor_year and COinS_date. When this happens, the date parameter is (DEBUG: not?) used in the COinS metadata and the CITEREF identifier gets its year from the year parameter if present otherwise CITEREF does not get a date value. Inputs: date_string - date string from date-holding parameters (date, year, publication-date, access-date, pmc-embargo-date, archive-date, lay-date) Returns: false if date string is not a real date; else true, anchor_year, COinS_date anchor_year can be used in CITEREF anchors COinS_date is ISO 8601 format date; see make_COInS_date() ]] local function check_date (date_string, param, COinS_date_t) local year; -- assume that year2, months, and days are not used; local year2 = 0; -- second year in a year range local month = 0; local month2 = 0; -- second month in a month range local day = 0; local day2 = 0; -- second day in a day range local anchor_year; -- local coins_date; if date_string:match (patterns_t['ymd'][1]) then -- year-initial numerical year month day format year, month, day = date_string:match (patterns_t['ymd'][1]); if 12 < tonumber(month) or 1 > tonumber(month) or 1582 > tonumber(year) or 0 == tonumber(day) then return false; end -- month or day number not valid or not Gregorian calendar anchor_year = year; elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Mdy'][1]) then -- month-initial: month day, year month, day, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Mdy'][1]); month = get_month_number (month); if 0 == month then return false; end -- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Md-dy'][1]) then -- month-initial day range: month day–day, year; days are separated by endash month, day, day2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Md-dy'][1]); if tonumber(day) >= tonumber(day2) then return false; end -- date range order is left to right: earlier to later; dates may not be the same; month = get_month_number (month); if 0 == month then return false; end -- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months month2=month; -- for metadata year2 = year; elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['dMy'][1]) then -- day-initial: day month year day, month, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['dMy'][1]); month = get_month_number (month); if 0 == month then return false; end -- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months --[[ NOT supported at en.wiki elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['yMd'][1]) then -- year-initial: year month day; day: 1 or 2 two digits, leading zero allowed anchor_year, year, month, day = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['yMd'][1]); month = get_month_number (month); if 0 == month then return false; end -- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months -- end NOT supported at en.wiki ]] elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['d-dMy'][1]) then -- day-range-initial: day–day month year; days are separated by endash day, day2, month, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['d-dMy'][1]); if tonumber(day) >= tonumber(day2) then return false; end -- date range order is left to right: earlier to later; dates may not be the same; month = get_month_number (month); if 0 == month then return false; end -- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months month2 = month; -- for metadata year2 = year; elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['dM-dMy'][1]) then -- day initial month-day-range: day month - day month year; uses spaced endash day, month, day2, month2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['dM-dMy'][1]); if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2)) or not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end -- date range order is left to right: earlier to later; month = get_month_number (month); -- for metadata month2 = get_month_number (month2); year2 = year; elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Md-Mdy'][1]) then -- month initial month-day-range: month day – month day, year; uses spaced endash month, day, month2, day2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Md-Mdy'][1]); if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2, param)) or not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end month = get_month_number (month); -- for metadata month2 = get_month_number (month2); year2 = year; elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['dMy-dMy'][1]) then -- day initial month-day-year-range: day month year - day month year; uses spaced endash day, month, year, day2, month2, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['dMy-dMy'][1]); if tonumber(year2) <= tonumber(year) then return false; end -- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later if not is_valid_year(year2) or not is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then return false; end -- year2 no more than one year in the future; months same style month = get_month_number (month); -- for metadata month2 = get_month_number (month2); if 0 == month or 0 == month2 then return false; end -- both must be valid elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Mdy-Mdy'][1]) then -- month initial month-day-year-range: month day, year – month day, year; uses spaced endash month, day, year, month2, day2, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Mdy-Mdy'][1]); if tonumber(year2) <= tonumber(year) then return false; end -- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later if not is_valid_year(year2) or not is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then return false; end -- year2 no more than one year in the future; months same style month = get_month_number (month); -- for metadata month2 = get_month_number(month2); if 0 == month or 0 == month2 then return false; end -- both must be valid elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Sy4-y2'][1]) then -- special case Winter/Summer year-year (YYYY-YY); year separated with unspaced endash local century; month, year, century, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Sy4-y2'][1]); if 'Winter' ~= month and 'Summer' ~= month then return false end; -- 'month' can only be Winter or Summer anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year; -- assemble anchor_year from both years year2 = century..year2; -- add the century to year2 for comparisons if 1 ~= tonumber(year2) - tonumber(year) then return false; end -- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end -- no year farther in the future than next year month = get_season_number(month, param); elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Sy-y'][1]) then -- special case Winter/Summer year-year; year separated with unspaced endash month, year, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['Sy-y'][1]); month = get_season_number (month, param); -- <month> can only be winter or summer; also for metadata if (month ~= cfg.date_names['en'].season['Winter']) and (month ~= cfg.date_names['en'].season['Summer']) then return false; -- not Summer or Winter; abandon end anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year; -- assemble anchor_year from both years if 1 ~= tonumber(year2) - tonumber(year) then return false; end -- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end -- no year farther in the future than next year elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['My-My'][1]) then -- month/season year - month/season year; separated by spaced endash month, year, month2, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['My-My'][1]); anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year; -- assemble anchor_year from both years if tonumber(year) >= tonumber(year2) then return false; end -- left to right, earlier to later, not the same if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end -- no year farther in the future than next year if 0 ~= get_month_number(month) and 0 ~= get_month_number(month2) and is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then -- both must be month year, same month style month = get_month_number(month); month2 = get_month_number(month2); elseif 0 ~= get_season_number(month, param) and 0 ~= get_season_number(month2, param) then -- both must be season year, not mixed month = get_season_number(month, param); month2 = get_season_number(month2, param); else return false; end elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['M-My'][1]) then -- month/season range year; months separated by endash month, month2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['M-My'][1]); if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2, param)) or (not is_valid_year(year)) then return false; end if 0 ~= get_month_number(month) then -- determined to be a valid range so just check this one to know if month or season month = get_month_number(month); month2 = get_month_number(month2); if 0 == month or 0 == month2 then return false; end else month = get_season_number(month, param); month2 = get_season_number(month2, param); end year2 = year; elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['My'][1]) then -- month/season/quarter/proper-name year month, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['My'][1]); if not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end month = get_element_number(month, param); -- get month season quarter proper-name number or nil if not month then return false; end -- not valid whatever it is elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['y-y'][1]) then -- Year range: YYY-YYY or YYY-YYYY or YYYY–YYYY; separated by unspaced endash; 100-9999 year, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['y-y'][1]); anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year; -- assemble anchor year from both years if tonumber(year) >= tonumber(year2) then return false; end -- left to right, earlier to later, not the same if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end -- no year farther in the future than next year elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['y4-y2'][1]) then -- Year range: YYYY–YY; separated by unspaced endash local century; year, century, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['y4-y2'][1]); anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year; -- assemble anchor year from both years if 13 > tonumber(year2) then return false; end -- don't allow 2003-05 which might be May 2003 year2 = century .. year2; -- add the century to year2 for comparisons if tonumber(year) >= tonumber(year2) then return false; end -- left to right, earlier to later, not the same if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end -- no year farther in the future than next year if in_array (param, {'date', 'publication-date', 'year'}) then -- here when 'valid' abbreviated year range; if one of these parameters add_prop_cat ('year-range-abbreviated'); -- add properties cat end elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['y'][1]) then -- year; here accept either YYY or YYYY anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns_t['y'][1]); if false == is_valid_year(year) then return false; end else return false; -- date format not one of the MOS:DATE approved formats end if param ~= 'date' then -- CITEREF disambiguation only allowed in |date=; |year= & |publication-date= promote to date if anchor_year:match ('%l$') then return false; end end if 'access-date' == param then -- test access-date here because we have numerical date parts if 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and -- all parts of a single date required 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2 then -- none of these; access-date must not be a range if not is_valid_accessdate(year .. '-' .. month .. '-' .. day) then return false; -- return false when access-date out of bounds end else return false; -- return false when access-date is a range of two dates end end if 'archive-date' == param then -- test archive-date here because we have numerical date parts if not (0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and -- all parts of a single date required 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2) then -- none of these; archive-date must not be a range return false; -- return false when archive-date is a range of two dates end end local result=true; -- check whole dates for validity; assume true because not all dates will go through this test if 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2 then -- YMD (simple whole date) result = is_valid_date (year, month, day, param); -- <param> for |pmc-embargo-date= elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 ~= day2 then -- YMD-d (day range) result = is_valid_date (year, month, day); result = result and is_valid_date (year, month, day2); elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 ~= month2 and 0 ~= day2 then -- YMD-md (day month range) result = is_valid_date (year, month, day); result = result and is_valid_date (year, month2, day2); elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 ~= year2 and 0 ~= month2 and 0 ~= day2 then -- YMD-ymd (day month year range) result = is_valid_date(year, month, day); result = result and is_valid_date(year2, month2, day2); end if false == result then return false; end if nil ~= COinS_date_t then -- this table only passed into this function when testing |date= parameter values make_COinS_date ({year = year, month = month, day = day, year2 = year2, month2 = month2, day2 = day2}, COinS_date_t); -- make an ISO 8601 date string for COinS end return true, anchor_year; -- format is good and date string represents a real date end --[[--------------------------< D A T E S >-------------------------------------------------------------------- Cycle the date-holding parameters in passed table date_parameters_list through check_date() to check compliance with MOS:DATE. For all valid dates, check_date() returns true. The |date= parameter test is unique, it is the only date holding parameter from which values for anchor_year (used in CITEREF identifiers) and COinS_date (used in the COinS metadata) are derived. The |date= parameter is the only date-holding parameter that is allowed to contain the no-date keywords "n.d." or "nd" (without quotes). Unlike most error messages created in this module, only one error message is created by this function. Because all of the date holding parameters are processed serially, parameters with errors are added to the <error_list> sequence table as the dates are tested. ]] local function dates(date_parameters_list, COinS_date_t, error_list) local anchor_year; -- will return as nil if the date being tested is not |date= local embargo_date; -- if embargo date is a good dmy, mdy, ymd date then holds original value else reset to 9999 local good_date; for k, v in pairs(date_parameters_list) do -- for each date-holding parameter in the list if is_set(v.val) then -- if the parameter has a value v.val = mw.ustring.gsub(v.val, '%d', cfg.date_names.local_digits); -- translate 'local' digits to Western 0-9 if v.val:match("^c%. [1-9]%d%d%d?%l?$") then -- special case for c. year or with or without CITEREF disambiguator - only |date= and |year= local year = v.val:match("c%. ([1-9]%d%d%d?)%l?"); -- get the year portion so it can be tested if 'date' == k then anchor_year = v.val:match ('(c%. [1-9]%d%d%d?%l?)'); -- anchor year only from |date= parameter good_date = is_valid_year(year); elseif 'year' == k then good_date = is_valid_year(year); else good_date = false; end elseif 'date' == k then -- if the parameter is |date= if v.val:match (patterns_t['n.d.'][1]) then -- if |date=n.d. with or without a CITEREF disambiguator good_date, anchor_year = true, v.val:match (patterns_t['n.d.'][1]); -- "n.d."; no error when date parameter is set to no date elseif v.val:match (patterns_t.nd[1]) then -- if |date=nd with or without a CITEREF disambiguator good_date, anchor_year = true, v.val:match (patterns_t.nd[1]); -- "nd"; no error when date parameter is set to no date else good_date, anchor_year = check_date (v.val, k, COinS_date_t); -- go test the date end elseif 'year' == k then -- if the parameter is |year= it should hold only a year value if v.val:match("^[1-9]%d%d%d?%l?$") then -- if |year = 3 or 4 digits only with or without a CITEREF disambiguator good_date, anchor_year = true, v.val:match ("((%d+)%l?)"); else good_date = false; end elseif 'pmc-embargo-date' == k then -- if the parameter is |pmc-embargo-date= good_date = check_date (v.val, k); -- go test the date if true == good_date then -- if the date is a valid date good_date, embargo_date = is_valid_embargo_date (v.val); -- is |pmc-embargo-date= date a single dmy, mdy, or ymd formatted date? yes: returns embargo date; no: returns 9999 end else -- any other date-holding parameter good_date = check_date (v.val, k); -- go test the date end if false == good_date then -- assemble one error message so we don't add the tracking category multiple times table.insert (error_list, wrap_style ('parameter', v.name)); -- make parameter name suitable for error message list end end end return anchor_year, embargo_date; -- and done end --[[--------------------------< Y E A R _ C H E C K >---------------------------------------------------------- Temporary function to test |year= for acceptable values: YYY, YYYY, year-only ranges, their circa forms, with or without CITEREF disambiguators. When |year= holds some form of date that is not one of these year-only dates, emit a maintenance message. This function necessary because many non-cs1|2 templates have a |year= parameter so cirrus searches are more-or- less useless ]] local function year_check (year) year = year:gsub ('c%. *', ''); -- remove circa annotation (if present) before testing <year> for _, index in ipairs ({'y-y', 'y4-y2', 'y'}) do -- spin through these indexes into patterns_t if mw.ustring.match (year, patterns_t[index][1]) then return; -- if a match then |year= holds a valid 'year' end end set_message ('maint_year'); -- if here, |year= value is not an accepted value; add a maint cat end --[[--------------------------< Y E A R _ D A T E _ C H E C K >------------------------------------------------ Compare the value provided in |year= with the year value(s) provided in |date=. This function sets a local numeric value: 0 - year value does not match the year value in date 1 - (default) year value matches the year value in date or one of the year values when date contains two years 2 - year value matches the year value in date when date is in the form YYYY-MM-DD and year is disambiguated (|year=YYYYx) the numeric value in <result> determines the 'output' if any from this function: 0 – adds error message to error_list sequence table 1 – adds maint cat 2 – does nothing ]] local function year_date_check (year_string, year_origin, date_string, date_origin, error_list) local year; local date1; local date2; local result = 1; -- result of the test; assume that the test passes year = year_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d?)'); if date_string:match ('%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d') then --special case where both date and year are required YYYY-MM-DD and YYYYx date1 = date_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d)'); year = year_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d)'); if year ~= date1 then result = 0; -- years don't match elseif year_string:match ('%d%d%d%d%a') then result = 2; -- years match; but because disambiguated, don't add to maint cat end elseif date_string:match ("%d%d%d%d?.-%d%d%d%d?") then -- any of the standard range formats of date with two three- or four-digit years date1, date2 = date_string:match ("(%d%d%d%d?).-(%d%d%d%d?)"); if year ~= date1 and year ~= date2 then result = 0; end elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "%d%d%d%d[%-–]%d%d") then -- YYYY-YY date ranges local century; date1, century, date2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, "((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]+(%d%d)"); date2 = century..date2; -- convert YY to YYYY if year ~= date1 and year ~= date2 then result = 0; end elseif date_string:match ("%d%d%d%d?") then -- any of the standard formats of date with one year date1 = date_string:match ("(%d%d%d%d?)"); if year ~= date1 then result = 0; end else -- should never get here; this function called only when no other date errors result = 0; -- no recognizable year in date end if 0 == result then -- year / date mismatch table.insert (error_list, substitute (cfg.messages['mismatch'], {year_origin, date_origin})); -- add error message to error_list sequence table elseif 1 == result then -- redundant year / date set_message ('maint_date_year'); -- add a maint cat end end --[[--------------------------< R E F O R M A T T E R >-------------------------------------------------------- reformat 'date' into new format specified by format_param if pattern_idx (the current format of 'date') can be reformatted. Does the grunt work for reformat_dates(). The table re_formats maps pattern_idx (current format) and format_param (desired format) to a table that holds: format string used by string.format() identifier letters ('d', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'y2') that serve as indexes into a table t{} that holds captures from mw.ustring.match() for the various date parts specified by patterns_t[pattern_idx][1] Items in patterns_t{} have the general form: ['ymd'] = {'^(%d%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)%-(%d%d)$', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, where: ['ymd'] is pattern_idx patterns_t['ymd'][1] is the match pattern with captures for mw.ustring.match() patterns_t['ymd'][2] is an indicator letter identifying the content of the first capture patterns_t['ymd'][3] ... the second capture etc. when a pattern matches a date, the captures are loaded into table t{} in capture order using the idemtifier characters as indexes into t{} For the above, a ymd date is in t{} as: t.y = first capture (year), t.m = second capture (month), t.d = third capture (day) To reformat, this function is called with the pattern_idx that matches the current format of the date and with format_param set to the desired format. This function loads table t{} as described and then calls string.format() with the format string specified by re_format[pattern_idx][format_param][1] using values taken from t{} according to the capture identifier letters specified by patterns_t[pattern_idx][format_param][n] where n is 2.. ]] local re_formats = { ['ymd'] = { -- date format is ymd; reformat to: ['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'}, -- |df=mdy ['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'}, -- |df=dmy -- ['yMd'] = {'%s %s %s', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, -- |df=yMd; not supported at en.wiki }, ['Mdy'] = { -- date format is Mdy; reformat to: ['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'}, -- for long/short reformatting ['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'}, -- |df=dmy ['ymd'] = {'%s-%s-%s', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, -- |df=ymd -- ['yMd'] = {'%s %s %s', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, -- |df=yMd; not supported at en.wiki }, ['dMy'] = { -- date format is dMy; reformat to: ['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'}, -- for long/short reformatting ['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'}, -- |df=mdy ['ymd'] = {'%s-%s-%s', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, -- |df=ymd -- ['yMd'] = {'%s %s %s', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, -- |df=yMd; not supported at en.wiki }, ['Md-dy'] = { -- date format is Md-dy; reformat to: ['mdy'] = {'%s %s–%s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'd2', 'y'}, -- for long/short reformatting ['dmy'] = {'%s–%s %s %s', 'd', 'd2', 'm', 'y'}, -- |df=dmy -> d-dMy }, ['d-dMy'] = { -- date format is d-d>y; reformat to: ['dmy'] = {'%s–%s %s %s', 'd', 'd2', 'm', 'y'}, -- for long/short reformatting ['mdy'] = {'%s %s–%s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'd2', 'y'}, -- |df=mdy -> Md-dy }, ['dM-dMy'] = { -- date format is dM-dMy; reformat to: ['dmy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'd2', 'm2', 'y'}, -- for long/short reformatting ['mdy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'm2', 'd2', 'y'}, -- |df=mdy -> Md-Mdy }, ['Md-Mdy'] = { -- date format is Md-Mdy; reformat to: ['mdy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'm2', 'd2', 'y'}, -- for long/short reformatting ['dmy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'd2', 'm2', 'y'}, -- |df=dmy -> dM-dMy }, ['dMy-dMy'] = { -- date format is dMy-dMy; reformat to: ['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'y2'}, -- for long/short reformatting ['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y', 'm2', 'd2', 'y2'}, -- |df=mdy -> Mdy-Mdy }, ['Mdy-Mdy'] = { -- date format is Mdy-Mdy; reformat to: ['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y', 'm2', 'd2', 'y2'}, -- for long/short reformatting ['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'y2'}, -- |df=dmy -> dMy-dMy }, ['My-My'] = { -- these for long/short reformatting ['any'] = {'%s %s – %s %s', 'm', 'y', 'm2', 'y2'}, -- dmy/mdy agnostic }, ['M-My'] = { -- these for long/short reformatting ['any'] = {'%s–%s %s', 'm', 'm2', 'y'}, -- dmy/mdy agnostic }, ['My'] = { -- these for long/short reformatting ['any'] = {'%s %s', 'm', 'y'}, -- dmy/mdy agnostic }, -- ['yMd'] = { -- not supported at en.wiki -- ['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'}, -- |df=mdy -- ['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'}, -- |df=dmy -- ['ymd'] = {'%s-%s-%s', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, -- |df=ymd -- }, } local function reformatter (date, pattern_idx, format_param, mon_len) if not in_array (pattern_idx, {'ymd', 'Mdy', 'Md-dy', 'dMy', 'yMd', 'd-dMy', 'dM-dMy', 'Md-Mdy', 'dMy-dMy', 'Mdy-Mdy', 'My-My', 'M-My', 'My'}) then return; -- not in this set of date format patterns_t then not a reformattable date end if 'ymd' == format_param and in_array (pattern_idx, {'ymd', 'Md-dy', 'd-dMy', 'dM-dMy', 'Md-Mdy', 'dMy-dMy', 'Mdy-Mdy', 'My-My', 'M-My', 'My'}) then return; -- ymd date ranges not supported at en.wiki; no point in reformatting ymd to ymd end if in_array (pattern_idx, {'My', 'M-My', 'My-My'}) then -- these are not dmy/mdy so can't be 'reformatted' into either format_param = 'any'; -- so format-agnostic end -- yMd is not supported at en.wiki; when yMd is supported at your wiki, uncomment the next line -- if 'yMd' == format_param and in_array (pattern_idx, {'yMd', 'Md-dy', 'd-dMy', 'dM-dMy', 'Md-Mdy', 'dMy-dMy', 'Mdy-Mdy'}) then -- these formats not convertable; yMd not supported at en.wiki if 'yMd' == format_param then -- yMd not supported at en.wiki; when yMd is supported at your wiki, remove or comment-out this line return; -- not a reformattable date end local c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7; -- these hold the captures specified in patterns_t[pattern_idx][1] c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7 = mw.ustring.match (date, patterns_t[pattern_idx][1]); -- get the captures local t = { -- table that holds k/v pairs of date parts from the captures and patterns_t[pattern_idx][2..] [patterns_t[pattern_idx][2]] = c1; -- at minimum there is always one capture with a matching indicator letter [patterns_t[pattern_idx][3] or 'x'] = c2; -- patterns_t can have a variable number of captures; each capture requires an indicator letter; [patterns_t[pattern_idx][4] or 'x'] = c3; -- where there is no capture, there is no indicator letter so n in patterns_t[pattern_idx][n] will be nil; [patterns_t[pattern_idx][5] or 'x'] = c4; -- the 'x' here spoofs an indicator letter to prevent 'table index is nil' error [patterns_t[pattern_idx][6] or 'x'] = c5; [patterns_t[pattern_idx][7] or 'x'] = c6; [patterns_t[pattern_idx][8] or 'x'] = c7; }; if t.a then -- if this date has an anchor year capture (all convertable date formats except ymd) if t.y2 then -- for year range date formats t.y2 = t.a; -- use the anchor year capture when reassembling the date else -- here for single date formats (except ymd) t.y = t.a; -- use the anchor year capture when reassembling the date end end if tonumber(t.m) then -- if raw month is a number (converting from ymd) if 's' == mon_len then -- if we are to use abbreviated month names t.m = cfg.date_names['inv_local_short'][tonumber(t.m)]; -- convert it to a month name else t.m = cfg.date_names['inv_local_long'][tonumber(t.m)]; -- convert it to a month name end t.d = t.d:gsub ('0(%d)', '%1'); -- strip leading '0' from day if present elseif 'ymd' == format_param then -- when converting to ymd t.y = t.y:gsub ('%a', ''); -- strip CITREF disambiguator if present; anchor year already known so process can proceed; TODO: maint message? if 1582 > tonumber (t.y) then -- ymd format dates not allowed before 1582 return; end t.m = string.format ('%02d', get_month_number (t.m)); -- make sure that month and day are two digits t.d = string.format ('%02d', t.d); elseif mon_len then -- if mon_len is set to either 'short' or 'long' for _, mon in ipairs ({'m', 'm2'}) do -- because there can be two month names, check both if t[mon] then t[mon] = get_month_number (t[mon]); -- get the month number for this month (is length agnostic) if 0 == t[mon] then return; end -- seasons and named dates can't be converted t[mon] = (('s' == mon_len) and cfg.date_names['inv_local_short'][t[mon]]) or cfg.date_names['inv_local_long'][t[mon]]; -- fetch month name according to length end end end local new_date = string.format (re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][1], -- format string t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][2]], -- named captures from t{} t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][3]], t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][4]], t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][5]], t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][6]], t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][7]], t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][8]] ); return new_date; end --[[-------------------------< R E F O R M A T _ D A T E S >-------------------------------------------------- Reformats existing dates into the format specified by format. format is one of several manual keywords: dmy, dmy-all, mdy, mdy-all, ymd, ymd-all. The -all version includes access- and archive-dates; otherwise these dates are not reformatted. This function allows automatic date formatting. In ~/Configuration, the article source is searched for one of the {{use xxx dates}} templates. If found, xxx becomes the global date format as xxx-all. If |cs1-dates= in {{use xxx dates}} has legitimate value then that value determines how cs1|2 dates will be rendered. Legitimate values for |cs1-dates= are: l - all dates are rendered with long month names ls - publication dates use long month names; access-/archive-dates use abbreviated month names ly - publication dates use long month names; access-/archive-dates rendered in ymd format s - all dates are rendered with abbreviated (short) month names sy - publication dates use abbreviated month names; access-/archive-dates rendered in ymd format y - all dates are rendered in ymd format the format argument for automatic date formatting will be the format specified by {{use xxx dates}} with the value supplied by |cs1-dates so one of: xxx-l, xxx-ls, xxx-ly, xxx-s, xxx-sy, xxx-y, or simply xxx (|cs1-dates= empty, omitted, or invalid) where xxx shall be either of dmy or mdy. dates are extracted from date_parameters_list, reformatted (if appropriate), and then written back into the list in the new format. Dates in date_parameters_list are presumed here to be valid (no errors). This function returns true when a date has been reformatted, false else. Actual reformatting is done by reformatter(). ]] local function reformat_dates (date_parameters_list, format) local all = false; -- set to false to skip access- and archive-dates local len_p = 'l'; -- default publication date length shall be long local len_a = 'l'; -- default access-/archive-date length shall be long local result = false; local new_date; if format:match('%a+%-all') then -- manual df keyword; auto df keyword when length not specified in {{use xxx dates}}; format = format:match('(%a+)%-all'); -- extract the format all = true; -- all dates are long format dates because this keyword doesn't specify length elseif format:match('%a+%-[lsy][sy]?') then -- auto df keywords; internal only all = true; -- auto df applies to all dates; use length specified by capture len_p for all dates format, len_p, len_a = format:match('(%a+)%-([lsy])([sy]?)'); -- extract the format and length keywords if 'y' == len_p then -- because allowed by MOS:DATEUNIFY (sort of) range dates and My dates not reformatted format = 'ymd'; -- override {{use xxx dates}} elseif (not is_set(len_a)) or (len_p == len_a) then -- no access-/archive-date length specified or same length as publication dates then len_a = len_p; -- in case len_a not set end end -- else only publication dates and they are long for param_name, param_val in pairs (date_parameters_list) do -- for each date-holding parameter in the list if is_set (param_val.val) then -- if the parameter has a value if not (not all and in_array (param_name, {'access-date', 'archive-date'})) then -- skip access- or archive-date unless format is xxx-all; yeah, ugly; TODO: find a better way for pattern_idx, pattern in pairs (patterns_t) do if mw.ustring.match (param_val.val, pattern[1]) then if all and in_array (param_name, {'access-date', 'archive-date'}) then -- if this date is an access- or archive-date new_date = reformatter (param_val.val, pattern_idx, (('y' == len_a) and 'ymd') or format, len_a); -- choose ymd or dmy/mdy according to len_a setting else -- all other dates new_date = reformatter (param_val.val, pattern_idx, format, len_p); end if new_date then -- set when date was reformatted date_parameters_list[param_name].val = new_date; -- update date in date list result = true; -- and announce that changes have been made break; end end -- if end -- for end -- if end -- if end -- for return result; -- declare boolean result and done end --[[--------------------------< D A T E _ H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H >---------------------------------------- Loops through the list of date-holding parameters and converts any hyphen to an ndash. Not called if the cs1|2 template has any date errors. Modifies the date_parameters_list and returns true if hyphens are replaced, else returns false. ]] local function date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list) local result = false; local n; for param_name, param_val in pairs(date_parameters_list) do -- for each date-holding parameter in the list if is_set (param_val.val) and not mw.ustring.match (param_val.val, patterns_t.ymd[1]) then -- for those that are not ymd dates (ustring because here digits may not be Western) param_val.val, n = param_val.val:gsub ('%-', '–'); -- replace any hyphen with ndash if 0 ~= n then date_parameters_list[param_name].val = param_val.val; -- update the list result = true; end end end return result; -- so we know if any hyphens were replaced end --[[-------------------------< D A T E _ N A M E _ X L A T E >------------------------------------------------ Attempts to translate English date names to local-language date names using names supplied by MediaWiki's date parser function. This is simple name-for-name replacement and may not work for all languages. if xlat_dig is true, this function will also translate Western (English) digits to the local language's digits. This will also translate ymd dates. ]] local function date_name_xlate (date_parameters_list, xlt_dig) local xlate; local modified = false; local date; local sources_t = { {cfg.date_names.en.long, cfg.date_names.inv_local_long}, -- for translating long English month names to long local month names {cfg.date_names.en.short, cfg.date_names.inv_local_short}, -- short month names {cfg.date_names.en.quarter, cfg.date_names.inv_local_quarter}, -- quarter date names {cfg.date_names.en.season, cfg.date_names.inv_local_season}, -- season date nam {cfg.date_names.en.named, cfg.date_names.inv_local_named}, -- named dates } local function is_xlateable (month) -- local function to get local date name that replaces existing English-language date name for _, date_names_t in ipairs (sources_t) do -- for each sequence table in date_names_t if date_names_t[1][month] then -- if date name is English month (long or short), quarter, season or named and if date_names_t[2][date_names_t[1][month]] then -- if there is a matching local date name return date_names_t[2][date_names_t[1][month]]; -- return the local date name end end end end for param_name, param_val in pairs(date_parameters_list) do -- for each date-holding parameter in the list if is_set(param_val.val) then -- if the parameter has a value date = param_val.val; for month in mw.ustring.gmatch (date, '[%a ]+') do -- iterate through all date names in the date (single date or date range) month = mw.text.trim (month); -- this because quarterly dates contain whitespace xlate = is_xlateable (month); -- get translate <month>; returns translation or nil if xlate then date = mw.ustring.gsub (date, month, xlate); -- replace the English with the translation date_parameters_list[param_name].val = date; -- save the translated date modified = true; end end if xlt_dig then -- shall we also translate digits? date = date:gsub ('%d', cfg.date_names.xlate_digits); -- translate digits from Western to 'local digits' date_parameters_list[param_name].val = date; -- save the translated date modified = true; end end end return modified; end --[[--------------------------< S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S >-------------------------------------- Sets local imported functions table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules. ]] local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr, utilities_page_ptr) add_prop_cat = utilities_page_ptr.add_prop_cat ; -- import functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set; in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array; set_message = utilities_page_ptr.set_message; substitute = utilities_page_ptr.substitute; wrap_style = utilities_page_ptr.wrap_style; cfg = cfg_table_ptr; -- import tables from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration end --[[--------------------------< A R C H I V E _ D A T E _ C H E C K >------------------------------------------ Compare value in |archive-date= with the timestamp in Wayback machine urls. Emits an error message with suggested date from the |archive-url= timestamp in an appropriate format when the value in |archive-date= does not match the timestamp. this function never called when any date in a cs1|2 template has errors error message suggests new |archive-date= value in an appropriate format specified by <df>. <df> is either |df= or cfg.global_df in that order. If <df> is nil, suggested date has format from |archive-date=. There is a caveat: when |df=dmy or |df=mdy, the reformatter leaves |access-date= and |archive-date= formats as they are. The error message suggested date is passed to the formatter as YYYY-MM-DD so when |df=dmy or |df=mdy, the format is not changed. ]] local function archive_date_check (archive_date, archive_url_timestamp, df) local archive_date_format = 'dmy-y'; -- holds the date format of date in |archive-date; default to ymd; 'dmy' used here to spoof reformat_dates() for _, v_t in ipairs ({{'dMy', 'dmy-all'}, {'Mdy', 'mdy-all'}}) do -- is |archive-date= format dmy or mdy? if archive_date:match (patterns_t[v_t[1]][1]) then -- does the pattern match? archive_date_format = cfg.keywords_xlate[v_t[2]]; -- get appropriate |df= supported keyword from the i18n translator table break; end end local dates_t = {}; dates_t['archive-date'] = {val=archive_date, name=''}; -- setup to call reformat_dates(); never called when errors so <name> unset as not needed reformat_dates (dates_t, 'dmy-y'); -- reformat |archive-date= to ymd; 'dmy' used here to spoof reformat_dates() local archive_url_date = archive_url_timestamp:gsub ('(%d%d%d%d)(%d%d)(%d%d)%d*', '%1-%2-%3'); -- make ymd format date from timestamp if dates_t['archive-date'].val == archive_url_date then -- are the two dates the same return; -- yes, done else dates_t['archive-date'] = {val=archive_url_date, name=''}; -- setup to call reformat_dates() with the timestamp date reformat_dates (dates_t, df or archive_date_format); -- reformat timestamp to format specified by <df> or format used in |archive-date= archive_url_date = dates_t['archive-date'].val; set_message ('err_archive_date_url_ts_mismatch', archive_url_date); -- emit an error message end end --[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D F U N C T I O N S >------------------------------------------ ]] return { -- return exported functions archive_date_check = archive_date_check, date_hyphen_to_dash = date_hyphen_to_dash, date_name_xlate = date_name_xlate, dates = dates, is_valid_date = is_valid_date, reformat_dates = reformat_dates, set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules, year_check = year_check, year_date_check = year_date_check, } t2d5ocm3ym8yza0dgkl1tstgc2yr6dq 14 7606 104429 2026-09-14T08:35:16Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "{{cat main|पाळि}} [[Category:थेरवाद]] [[Category:पुराणभासायो]]" 104429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cat main|पाळि}} [[Category:थेरवाद]] [[Category:पुराणभासायो]] 4wx9zplor2dc8h81yjbwo78m2q2c1ic 0 7607 104430 2026-09-14T09:19:56Z 咽頭べさ 6149 Created page with "मागधरट्ठे उप्पन्ना भासा। मागधरट्ठवासीहि वोहरिता भासा। अरियजनेहि भासिता भासा॥ (सा एव भासा कप्पमूले मनुस्सेहि। ब्रह्माहि, अञ्ञसद्दं असुतपुब्बेहि दारकेहि। आरञ्ञकजनेहि। सम्मासम..." 104430 wikitext text/x-wiki मागधरट्ठे उप्पन्ना भासा। मागधरट्ठवासीहि वोहरिता भासा। अरियजनेहि भासिता भासा॥ (सा एव भासा कप्पमूले मनुस्सेहि। ब्रह्माहि, अञ्ञसद्दं असुतपुब्बेहि दारकेहि। आरञ्ञकजनेहि। सम्मासम्बुद्धेहि च भासिता॥<ref>रू। न्हा॥ ४१॥ निरये तिरच्छानयोनियं जपत्तिविसये मनुस्सलोके देवलोकेभि सब्बत्थ मागधभासाव उस्सन्ना। अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१॥ (वि।ट्ठ।१।२२०॥ मूलटी।२।१९२॥)</ref> <ref>तिपिटकअभिधानं भाग १६</ref> ==मागधभासा== मागधभासाति (तेन नामेनेव पकासितत्ता) [[मागधरट्ठवा]]सीहि भासिता वोहरिता भासाति पाकटं होति॥ इमाय भासाय आरोपितो धम्मो सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स धम्मो होति॥ तस्मा "मागधभासाति सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स उप्पत्तिकाले च तस्स समीपे पुब्बापरकालेसु च मागधरट्ठवासीहि भासिता वोहरिता भासा" ति पुनप्पुनं सल्लक्खेतब्बं॥<ref>इमिस्सा मागधभासाय उप्पत्तिट्ठानं आरब्भ पास्चात्यपण्डितानं नानावादा पमोक्ख गीगर महासयस्स Pali Literature and Language पिट्ठ ३ ४ त्थ च Encyclopedia Britannica भाग १७ पिट्ठ १४६ त्थ च दिट्ठं सक्का॥</ref><ref>="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==मागधभासाय एव धम्मदेसना== भगवापि मागधभासाय एव धम्मं देसेसिति ञातब्बं॥ कस्माति चे भगवा चतुरारियसच्चं पटिविज्झित्वा अभिसम्बुद्धो यस्मिं ठाने तं मागधरट्ठं एव होति। भगवा चारिकं चरमानो सब्बसत्तानं अमतधम्मं अदासि तं ठानं येभुय्येन मागधरट्ठञ्च कोसलरट्ठञ्च होति॥ तस्मिं काले मागधरट्ठराजूनं आनुभावो महन्तो होति। तस्मा मागधभासाय कुसलता अत्थावहा होति। तेसु ठानेसु सब्बेपि जना तं आजानिस्सन्ति। तस्मा भगवा सब्बजनानं सुविञ्ञेय्याय मागधभासाय एव धम्मं देसेसि॥ तस्मा एव सम्मोहविनोदनी-अट्ठकथायं पटिसम्भिदाविभङ्गवण्णनायं वुत्तं: “''सम्मासम्बुद्धोपि तेपिटक बुद्धवचनं तन्तिं आरोपेन्तो मागधभासाय एव आरोपेति॥''”<ref>၂။ “सम्मासम्बुद्धोपि तेपिटक बुद्धवचनं तन्तिं आरोपेन्तो मागधभासाय एव आरोपेति॥ (अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१)” ति अट्ठकथावचनं उपादाय तन्तिअनारोपितपकिण्णकधम्मदेसनाकाले बहुजनसुविञ्ञेय्यत्थं “देसीयमागधीभासायपि देसेती” (मोग्।निस्य।निदानं-ज)</ref>ति॥<ref>="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> 903wt6hap541lget30lz606ww4psfca 104431 104430 2026-09-14T09:31:03Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104431 wikitext text/x-wiki मागधरट्ठे उप्पन्ना भासा। मागधरट्ठवासीहि वोहरिता भासा। अरियजनेहि भासिता भासा॥ (सा एव भासा कप्पमूले मनुस्सेहि। ब्रह्माहि, अञ्ञसद्दं असुतपुब्बेहि दारकेहि। आरञ्ञकजनेहि। सम्मासम्बुद्धेहि च भासिता॥<ref>रू। न्हा॥ ४१॥ निरये तिरच्छानयोनियं जपत्तिविसये मनुस्सलोके देवलोकेभि सब्बत्थ मागधभासाव उस्सन्ना। अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१॥ (वि।ट्ठ।१।२२०॥ मूलटी।२।१९२॥)</ref> <ref>तिपिटकअभिधानं भाग १६</ref> ==मागधभासा== मागधभासाति (तेन नामेनेव पकासितत्ता) [[मागधरट्ठवा]]सीहि भासिता वोहरिता भासाति पाकटं होति॥ इमाय भासाय आरोपितो धम्मो सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स धम्मो होति॥ तस्मा "मागधभासाति सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स उप्पत्तिकाले च तस्स समीपे पुब्बापरकालेसु च मागधरट्ठवासीहि भासिता वोहरिता भासा" ति पुनप्पुनं सल्लक्खेतब्बं॥<ref>इमिस्सा मागधभासाय उप्पत्तिट्ठानं आरब्भ पास्चात्यपण्डितानं नानावादा पमोक्ख गीगर महासयस्स Pali Literature and Language पिट्ठ ३ ४ त्थ च Encyclopedia Britannica भाग १७ पिट्ठ १४६ त्थ च दिट्ठं सक्का॥</ref><ref>="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==मागधभासाय एव धम्मदेसना== भगवापि मागधभासाय एव धम्मं देसेसिति ञातब्बं॥ कस्माति चे भगवा चतुरारियसच्चं पटिविज्झित्वा अभिसम्बुद्धो यस्मिं ठाने तं मागधरट्ठं एव होति। भगवा चारिकं चरमानो सब्बसत्तानं अमतधम्मं अदासि तं ठानं येभुय्येन मागधरट्ठञ्च कोसलरट्ठञ्च होति॥ तस्मिं काले मागधरट्ठराजूनं आनुभावो महन्तो होति। तस्मा मागधभासाय कुसलता अत्थावहा होति। तेसु ठानेसु सब्बेपि जना तं आजानिस्सन्ति। तस्मा भगवा सब्बजनानं सुविञ्ञेय्याय मागधभासाय एव धम्मं देसेसि॥ तस्मा एव सम्मोहविनोदनी-अट्ठकथायं पटिसम्भिदाविभङ्गवण्णनायं वुत्तं: “''सम्मासम्बुद्धोपि तेपिटक बुद्धवचनं तन्तिं आरोपेन्तो मागधभासाय एव आरोपेति''”<ref>२॥ “सम्मासम्बुद्धोपि तेपिटक बुद्धवचनं तन्तिं आरोपेन्तो मागधभासाय एव आरोपेति॥ (अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१)” ति अट्ठकथावचनं उपादाय तन्तिअनारोपितपकिण्णकधम्मदेसनाकाले बहुजनसुविञ्ञेय्यत्थं “देसीयमागधीभासायपि देसेती” (मोग्।निस्य।निदानं-ज)</ref>ति॥<ref>="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==अविपरीता भासा== सा पन मागधभासा सभावनिरुत्तिति उत्तमगुणेन समन्नागता होति। सब्बभासासू विसिट्ठा होति॥ सभावनिरुत्ति नाम अत्तनो अधिप्पेतमत्थं अविपरीततो तथतो पकासेतुं समत्था। सम्मासम्बुद्धादीहि उत्तमपुग्गलेहि वोहरिता भासाति अत्थो॥<ref>३॥ धम्मनिरुत्ताभिलापेति एत्थ धम्मसद्धो सभाववाचकोति कत्वा आह “या सभावनिरुत्ति”ति। अविपरीतनिरुत्तीति अत्थो॥ (मूलटी।२।१९१)။ अविपरीतनिरुत्तीति बुद्धादीहि आचिण्णा तस्स तस्स अत्थस्स वाचकभावे निरुळ्हा याथावनिरुत्ति॥ (अनुटी।२।१९२)</ref> परियायन्तरेन वत्तुकामो चे। विपरिणामं विनासं अपत्वा पकतिया ठिता भासाति अत्थो॥ अञ्ञा भासा कालन्तरे पत्ते एकन्तेन विपरिणमन्ति विनस्सन्ति॥ मागधभासा पन कत्थचि कदाचि वत्तारुनं दुरुग्गहणादिआदीनवेन विपरिणमति विनस्सति पि। न सब्बत्थ सब्बदा विपरिणमति॥<ref>१॥ सेसा...अट्ठारस भासा परिवत्तन्ति। अयमेवेका यथाभुच्चब्रह्मवोहार अरियवोहार सङ्खाता मागधभासा न परिवत्तति (अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१ २)॥ सेसा परिवत्तन्ति एकन्तेन कालन्तरे अञ्ञथा होन्ति विनस्सन्ति च॥ मागधा पन कत्थचि कदाचि परिवत्तन्तिपि न सब्बत्थ सब्बदा सब्बथा च परिवत्तति। कप्पविनासेपि तिट्ठतियो॥ (मूलटी।२।१९२)॥ मनुस्सानं दुरुग्गहणादिना कत्थचि कदाचि परिवत्तन्तपि ब्रह्मलोकादीसु यथासभावेनेव अवट्ठानतो न सब्बत्थ सब्बदा सब्बसा च परित्तति॥ (अनुटी।२।१९४)</ref> <ref name="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> 6nro81293f00k94lsubw0if152r3chu 104432 104431 2026-09-14T09:48:49Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104432 wikitext text/x-wiki मागधरट्ठे उप्पन्ना भासा। मागधरट्ठवासीहि वोहरिता भासा। अरियजनेहि भासिता भासा॥ (सा एव भासा कप्पमूले मनुस्सेहि। ब्रह्माहि, अञ्ञसद्दं असुतपुब्बेहि दारकेहि। आरञ्ञकजनेहि। सम्मासम्बुद्धेहि च भासिता॥<ref>रू। न्हा॥ ४१॥ निरये तिरच्छानयोनियं जपत्तिविसये मनुस्सलोके देवलोकेभि सब्बत्थ मागधभासाव उस्सन्ना। अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१॥ (वि।ट्ठ।१।२२०॥ मूलटी।२।१९२॥)</ref> <ref>तिपिटकअभिधानं भाग १६</ref> ==मागधभासा== मागधभासाति (तेन नामेनेव पकासितत्ता) [[मागधरट्ठवा]]सीहि भासिता वोहरिता भासाति पाकटं होति॥ इमाय भासाय आरोपितो धम्मो सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स धम्मो होति॥ तस्मा "मागधभासाति सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स उप्पत्तिकाले च तस्स समीपे पुब्बापरकालेसु च मागधरट्ठवासीहि भासिता वोहरिता भासा" ति पुनप्पुनं सल्लक्खेतब्बं॥<ref>इमिस्सा मागधभासाय उप्पत्तिट्ठानं आरब्भ पास्चात्यपण्डितानं नानावादा पमोक्ख गीगर महासयस्स Pali Literature and Language पिट्ठ ३ ४ त्थ च Encyclopedia Britannica भाग १७ पिट्ठ १४६ त्थ च दिट्ठं सक्का॥</ref><ref>="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==मागधभासाय एव धम्मदेसना== भगवापि मागधभासाय एव धम्मं देसेसिति ञातब्बं॥ कस्माति चे भगवा चतुरारियसच्चं पटिविज्झित्वा अभिसम्बुद्धो यस्मिं ठाने तं मागधरट्ठं एव होति। भगवा चारिकं चरमानो सब्बसत्तानं अमतधम्मं अदासि तं ठानं येभुय्येन मागधरट्ठञ्च कोसलरट्ठञ्च होति॥ तस्मिं काले मागधरट्ठराजूनं आनुभावो महन्तो होति। तस्मा मागधभासाय कुसलता अत्थावहा होति। तेसु ठानेसु सब्बेपि जना तं आजानिस्सन्ति। तस्मा भगवा सब्बजनानं सुविञ्ञेय्याय मागधभासाय एव धम्मं देसेसि॥ तस्मा एव सम्मोहविनोदनी-अट्ठकथायं पटिसम्भिदाविभङ्गवण्णनायं वुत्तं: “''सम्मासम्बुद्धोपि तेपिटक बुद्धवचनं तन्तिं आरोपेन्तो मागधभासाय एव आरोपेति''”<ref>२॥ “सम्मासम्बुद्धोपि तेपिटक बुद्धवचनं तन्तिं आरोपेन्तो मागधभासाय एव आरोपेति॥ (अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१)” ति अट्ठकथावचनं उपादाय तन्तिअनारोपितपकिण्णकधम्मदेसनाकाले बहुजनसुविञ्ञेय्यत्थं “देसीयमागधीभासायपि देसेती” (मोग्।निस्य।निदानं-ज)</ref>ति॥<ref>="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==अविपरीता भासा== सा पन मागधभासा सभावनिरुत्तिति उत्तमगुणेन समन्नागता होति। सब्बभासासू विसिट्ठा होति॥ सभावनिरुत्ति नाम अत्तनो अधिप्पेतमत्थं अविपरीततो तथतो पकासेतुं समत्था। सम्मासम्बुद्धादीहि उत्तमपुग्गलेहि वोहरिता भासाति अत्थो॥<ref>३॥ धम्मनिरुत्ताभिलापेति एत्थ धम्मसद्धो सभाववाचकोति कत्वा आह “या सभावनिरुत्ति”ति। अविपरीतनिरुत्तीति अत्थो॥ (मूलटी।२।१९१)။ अविपरीतनिरुत्तीति बुद्धादीहि आचिण्णा तस्स तस्स अत्थस्स वाचकभावे निरुळ्हा याथावनिरुत्ति॥ (अनुटी।२।१९२)</ref> परियायन्तरेन वत्तुकामो चे। विपरिणामं विनासं अपत्वा पकतिया ठिता भासाति अत्थो॥ अञ्ञा भासा कालन्तरे पत्ते एकन्तेन विपरिणमन्ति विनस्सन्ति॥ मागधभासा पन कत्थचि कदाचि वत्तारुनं दुरुग्गहणादिआदीनवेन विपरिणमति विनस्सति पि। न सब्बत्थ सब्बदा विपरिणमति॥<ref>१॥ सेसा...अट्ठारस भासा परिवत्तन्ति। अयमेवेका यथाभुच्चब्रह्मवोहार अरियवोहार सङ्खाता मागधभासा न परिवत्तति (अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१ २)॥ सेसा परिवत्तन्ति एकन्तेन कालन्तरे अञ्ञथा होन्ति विनस्सन्ति च॥ मागधा पन कत्थचि कदाचि परिवत्तन्तिपि न सब्बत्थ सब्बदा सब्बथा च परिवत्तति। कप्पविनासेपि तिट्ठतियो॥ (मूलटी।२।१९२)॥ मनुस्सानं दुरुग्गहणादिना कत्थचि कदाचि परिवत्तन्तपि ब्रह्मलोकादीसु यथासभावेनेव अवट्ठानतो न सब्बत्थ सब्बदा सब्बसा च परित्तति॥ (अनुटी।२।१९४)</ref> <ref name="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==कप्पमूलमनुस्सानं भासा== कस्माति चे "निरये [[तिरच्छान]]योनियं पत्तिविसये मनुस्सलोके<ref>२॥ मनुस्सलोके मागधभासं बाहुल्लेन वोहरन्तीति वुत्तं देसीयमागधीभासं ([[हिन्दीभास|हिन्दीभासं]])सन्धाय वुत्तमं॥ तं वचनं जम्बूदीपसङ्खातं [[इन्द्रियरट्ठं]] सन्धाय वुत्तन्ति गहिते पच्चक्खयुत्ति सम्भवति॥ (मोग्। निस्य। निदानं छ) </ref> देवलोके ब्रह्मलोके च मागधभासा एव उस्सन्ना” ति सम्मोहविनोदनीयं<ref>३॥ पिट्ठ ३७१</ref> वुत्तत्ता। कप्पविनासकालेपि अविनट्ठे ब्रह्मलोके सभावतो तिट्ठति येव॥ अविनट्ठे ब्रह्मलोके सभावतो अविपरीताय ठितत्ता पन मागधभासा कप्पमूलमनुस्सानं भासापि अहोसि॥ पाकटं करेय्यामि कप्पमूलमनुस्सा नाम ब्रह्मलोका चवित्वा मनुस्सलोके उपपातिकपटिसन्धिया उप्पन्ना होन्ति॥ ते ब्रह्मलोके ठितकाले सब्बसाधारणं मागधभासं वोहरिंसु॥ मनुस्सलोके मनुस्सभावं पत्वापि मागधभासं एव वोहरेय्युं॥ तस्मा एव मागधभासावत्तारुनं वसेन कप्पमूलमनुस्सेपि पक्खिपित्वा गन्थेसु<ref>४॥ रूपसिद्धि नामकण्डादित्थ च कारिकासद्दा गाथा १५८ ट्ठ च॥ </ref> दस्सितं॥ कप्पमूलमनुस्सा मागधभासं भासन्तीति ञातत्ता मागधभासा सब्बभासानं मूलभूता मूलभासापि होति॥ तस्मा एव मागधभासा वा [[पाळिभासा]] मूलभासाति वोहरितापि दिस्सति॥ <ref>५॥ परिवत्तेसि सब्बापि। सीहळकथा तदा॥ सब्बेसं मूलभासाय। मागधाय निरुत्तिया॥(महावं। ३७।२४४)။ इमं निदानं पिट्ठ २ पि पस्सथ॥ </ref><ref name="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> 8xim8bbtat6xl4vzoptof2muryj15fi 104433 104432 2026-09-14T10:40:26Z 咽頭べさ 6149 104433 wikitext text/x-wiki मागधरट्ठे उप्पन्ना भासा। मागधरट्ठवासीहि वोहरिता भासा। अरियजनेहि भासिता भासा॥ (सा एव भासा कप्पमूले मनुस्सेहि। ब्रह्माहि, अञ्ञसद्दं असुतपुब्बेहि दारकेहि। आरञ्ञकजनेहि। सम्मासम्बुद्धेहि च भासिता॥<ref>रू। न्हा॥ ४१॥ निरये तिरच्छानयोनियं जपत्तिविसये मनुस्सलोके देवलोकेभि सब्बत्थ मागधभासाव उस्सन्ना। अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१॥ (वि।ट्ठ।१।२२०॥ मूलटी।२।१९२॥)</ref> <ref>तिपिटकअभिधानं भाग १६</ref> ==मागधभासा== मागधभासाति (तेन नामेनेव पकासितत्ता) [[मागधरट्ठवा]]सीहि भासिता वोहरिता भासाति पाकटं होति॥ इमाय भासाय आरोपितो धम्मो सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स धम्मो होति॥ तस्मा "मागधभासाति सम्मासम्बुद्धस्स उप्पत्तिकाले च तस्स समीपे पुब्बापरकालेसु च मागधरट्ठवासीहि भासिता वोहरिता भासा" ति पुनप्पुनं सल्लक्खेतब्बं॥<ref>इमिस्सा मागधभासाय उप्पत्तिट्ठानं आरब्भ पास्चात्यपण्डितानं नानावादा पमोक्ख गीगर महासयस्स Pali Literature and Language पिट्ठ ३ ४ त्थ च Encyclopedia Britannica भाग १७ पिट्ठ १४६ त्थ च दिट्ठं सक्का॥</ref><ref>="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==मागधभासाय एव धम्मदेसना== भगवापि मागधभासाय एव धम्मं देसेसिति ञातब्बं॥ कस्माति चे भगवा चतुरारियसच्चं पटिविज्झित्वा अभिसम्बुद्धो यस्मिं ठाने तं मागधरट्ठं एव होति। भगवा चारिकं चरमानो सब्बसत्तानं अमतधम्मं अदासि तं ठानं येभुय्येन मागधरट्ठञ्च कोसलरट्ठञ्च होति॥ तस्मिं काले मागधरट्ठराजूनं आनुभावो महन्तो होति। तस्मा मागधभासाय कुसलता अत्थावहा होति। तेसु ठानेसु सब्बेपि जना तं आजानिस्सन्ति। तस्मा भगवा सब्बजनानं सुविञ्ञेय्याय मागधभासाय एव धम्मं देसेसि॥ तस्मा एव सम्मोहविनोदनी-अट्ठकथायं पटिसम्भिदाविभङ्गवण्णनायं वुत्तं: “''सम्मासम्बुद्धोपि तेपिटक बुद्धवचनं तन्तिं आरोपेन्तो मागधभासाय एव आरोपेति''”<ref>२॥ “सम्मासम्बुद्धोपि तेपिटक बुद्धवचनं तन्तिं आरोपेन्तो मागधभासाय एव आरोपेति॥ (अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१)” ति अट्ठकथावचनं उपादाय तन्तिअनारोपितपकिण्णकधम्मदेसनाकाले बहुजनसुविञ्ञेय्यत्थं “देसीयमागधीभासायपि देसेती” (मोग्।निस्य।निदानं-ज)</ref>ति॥<ref>="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==अविपरीता भासा== सा पन मागधभासा सभावनिरुत्तिति उत्तमगुणेन समन्नागता होति। सब्बभासासू विसिट्ठा होति॥ सभावनिरुत्ति नाम अत्तनो अधिप्पेतमत्थं अविपरीततो तथतो पकासेतुं समत्था। सम्मासम्बुद्धादीहि उत्तमपुग्गलेहि वोहरिता भासाति अत्थो॥<ref>३॥ धम्मनिरुत्ताभिलापेति एत्थ धम्मसद्धो सभाववाचकोति कत्वा आह “या सभावनिरुत्ति”ति। अविपरीतनिरुत्तीति अत्थो॥ (मूलटी।२।१९१)။ अविपरीतनिरुत्तीति बुद्धादीहि आचिण्णा तस्स तस्स अत्थस्स वाचकभावे निरुळ्हा याथावनिरुत्ति॥ (अनुटी।२।१९२)</ref> परियायन्तरेन वत्तुकामो चे। विपरिणामं विनासं अपत्वा पकतिया ठिता भासाति अत्थो॥ अञ्ञा भासा कालन्तरे पत्ते एकन्तेन विपरिणमन्ति विनस्सन्ति॥ मागधभासा पन कत्थचि कदाचि वत्तारुनं दुरुग्गहणादिआदीनवेन विपरिणमति विनस्सति पि। न सब्बत्थ सब्बदा विपरिणमति॥<ref>१॥ सेसा...अट्ठारस भासा परिवत्तन्ति। अयमेवेका यथाभुच्चब्रह्मवोहार अरियवोहार सङ्खाता मागधभासा न परिवत्तति (अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१ २)॥ सेसा परिवत्तन्ति एकन्तेन कालन्तरे अञ्ञथा होन्ति विनस्सन्ति च॥ मागधा पन कत्थचि कदाचि परिवत्तन्तिपि न सब्बत्थ सब्बदा सब्बथा च परिवत्तति। कप्पविनासेपि तिट्ठतियो॥ (मूलटी।२।१९२)॥ मनुस्सानं दुरुग्गहणादिना कत्थचि कदाचि परिवत्तन्तपि ब्रह्मलोकादीसु यथासभावेनेव अवट्ठानतो न सब्बत्थ सब्बदा सब्बसा च परित्तति॥ (अनुटी।२।१९४)</ref> <ref name="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==कप्पमूलमनुस्सानं भासा== कस्माति चे "निरये [[तिरच्छान]]योनियं पत्तिविसये मनुस्सलोके<ref>२॥ मनुस्सलोके मागधभासं बाहुल्लेन वोहरन्तीति वुत्तं देसीयमागधीभासं ([[हिन्दीभास|हिन्दीभासं]])सन्धाय वुत्तमं॥ तं वचनं जम्बूदीपसङ्खातं [[इन्द्रियरट्ठं]] सन्धाय वुत्तन्ति गहिते पच्चक्खयुत्ति सम्भवति॥ (मोग्। निस्य। निदानं छ) </ref> देवलोके ब्रह्मलोके च मागधभासा एव उस्सन्ना” ति सम्मोहविनोदनीयं<ref>३॥ पिट्ठ ३७१</ref> वुत्तत्ता। कप्पविनासकालेपि अविनट्ठे ब्रह्मलोके सभावतो तिट्ठति येव॥ अविनट्ठे ब्रह्मलोके सभावतो अविपरीताय ठितत्ता पन मागधभासा कप्पमूलमनुस्सानं भासापि अहोसि॥ पाकटं करेय्यामि कप्पमूलमनुस्सा नाम ब्रह्मलोका चवित्वा मनुस्सलोके उपपातिकपटिसन्धिया उप्पन्ना होन्ति॥ ते ब्रह्मलोके ठितकाले सब्बसाधारणं मागधभासं वोहरिंसु॥ मनुस्सलोके मनुस्सभावं पत्वापि मागधभासं एव वोहरेय्युं॥ तस्मा एव मागधभासावत्तारुनं वसेन कप्पमूलमनुस्सेपि पक्खिपित्वा गन्थेसु<ref>४॥ रूपसिद्धि नामकण्डादित्थ च कारिकासद्दा गाथा १५८ ट्ठ च॥ </ref> दस्सितं॥ कप्पमूलमनुस्सा मागधभासं भासन्तीति ञातत्ता मागधभासा सब्बभासानं मूलभूता मूलभासापि होति॥ तस्मा एव मागधभासा वा [[पाळिभासा]] मूलभासाति वोहरितापि दिस्सति॥ <ref>५॥ परिवत्तेसि सब्बापि। सीहळकथा तदा॥ सब्बेसं मूलभासाय। मागधाय निरुत्तिया॥(महावं। ३७।२४४)။ इमं निदानं पिट्ठ २ पि पस्सथ॥ </ref><ref name="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> ==अनमतग्गसंसारे वोहरितभासा== अपिच "मागधभासाय सभावनिरुत्तित्ता यो अञ्ञं किञ्चिपि सद्दं असुणन्तो सयमेव उप्पादेत्वा भासितुं समत्थो। सो मागधभासानुगतं एव सद्दं भासिस्सती"<ref>१॥ योपि अगामके महारञ्ञे निब्बत्तो। तत्थ अञ्ञो कथेन्तो नाम नत्थि। सोपि अत्तनो धम्मताय वचनं समुट्ठापेन्तो मागधभासमेव भासिस्सति॥ (अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१)॥ एत्थ “भासति” ति एकन्तवसेन अवत्त्वा “भासिस्सति” ति मुदुकानागतविभत्तिया वुत्तंति सल्लक्खेतब्बं॥ </ref> सम्मोहविनोदनीयं वुत्तं॥ तत्थ अयमधिप्पायो अनमतग्गसंसारे मागधभासा असङ्ख्येय्यकालं आचिण्णा होति। सब्बेसं संसारिकसत्तानं मागधभासाबीजं अनुसेति। तस्मा वचनकाले पत्ते अञ्ञभासासद्दं असुतपुब्बो पुग्गलो सयमेव सभावनिरुत्तिबीजतो उप्पन्नं मागधभासं एव भासिस्सति॥ एवं भासिस्सतीति वुत्तम्पि अभयाराममहाथेरेन वुत्तनयेन सम्पुण्णा मागधभासा न भवेय्य। थोकमत्ता दुट्ठमागधभासा एव भवेय्य॥ सम्पुण्णं मागधभासं उग्गण्हन्तोपि दुक्करेन पुरेति। किमङ्ग पन सयमेव॥<ref>२॥ मोग्। निस्य। निदानं च </ref> अपिच पाळिसङ्खाता मागधभासा सभावनिरुत्तिताय निरुत्तिपटिसम्भिदाञाणस्स विसयोपि होति॥ निरुत्तिपटिसम्भिदाञाणे सति मागधभासं सयमेव जानाति। मागधभासायं कोसल्लं पटिसम्भिदाञाणस्सपि एको पच्चयो होति॥<ref>३॥ पुब्बयोगो बाहुसच्चं। देसभासा च आगमो ॥ प॥ पटिसम्भिदपच्चया॥ ... देसभासा नाम एकसतवोहारकुसलता। विसेसेन पन मागधिके कोसल्लं॥ (पटिसं।ट्ठ।१।७)॥ निरुत्तिपटिसम्भिदाञाणलाभी पुग्गलो असिक्खन्तोपि मागधभासं जानाति॥ अञ्ञं भासं सिक्खन्तोव जानाति। नासिक्खन्तो॥ (भेदचिन्ताटीका। ५ गाथावण्णना)॥ अभि।ट्ठ।२।३७१ त्थपि पस्सथ॥ </ref><ref name="तिपिटक अभिधानं">तिपिटक अभिधानं भाग १ निदानं</ref> 79xm8h7orik7rvsfy22y1vyxb026nkk