وکیپیڈیا pnbwiki https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%81%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%B5%D9%81%DB%81 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.4 first-letter میڈیا خاص گل بات ورتنوالا ورتن گل بات وکیپیڈیا ویونت گل بات فائل فائل گل بات میڈیا وکی میڈیاوکی گل بات سانچہ سانچہ گل بات ہتھونڈائی ہتھونڈائی گل بات گٹھ گٹھ گل بات TimedText TimedText talk ماڈیول ماڈیول گل بات Event Event talk 0 333 707404 472837 2026-05-28T08:07:29Z Vahdanizana 44349 707404 wikitext text/x-wiki {|table id="toc" style="margin:0;background:#ccccff";width:130%" align="left" cellpadding="1" | style="background:#ACE1AF" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="+1" color=black>اوسلو<font>''' |- | style="background:#d0f0c0" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="1" color=black>Oslo<font>''' |- |-style="margin:0;background:#ccccff";width:100%" align="center" cellpadding="2" |- align="center" | colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #D3D3D3;" | [[File:Stortinget 2009.jpg|250px]] |- align="center" |- | دیس: || [[ناروے]] [[File:Flag of Norway.svg|30px]] |- | [[تھاں]] || 454.03 مربع کلومیٹر |- | لوک گنتی: || 605,005 |- |[[بولی]]: || نارویجین |- |} اوسلو ناروے دیاں سرحداں دے نال نال سویڈن دے وی کافی نزدیک واقع اے، تے ایس وجہ کرکے ایہنوں اکثر اک سرحدی علاقہ سمجھیا جاندا اے، نہ کہ مکمل طور تے اک نارویجین شہر۔ بہت سارے لوک ایہنوں روایتی نارویجین شہر دی بجائے اک بارڈر ریجن دے طور تے دیکھدے نیں۔ سویڈن دے قریب ہون کرکے ایس علاقے دی ثقافت، لوکاں دی آمدورفت تے روزمرہ دی زندگی وی کافی حد تک سرحدی علاقوں دے اثرات تے مشتمل اے۔ == بارلے جوڑ == {{Commons|Oslo|اوسلو|position=left}} {{یورپی دیساں دے دارالحکومت}} [[گٹھ:ناروے]] [[گٹھ:ناروے دے شہر]] [[گٹھ:یورپی شہر]] [[گٹھ:یورپ دے شہر]] [[گٹھ:شہر]] [[گٹھ:یورپ دے شہر تے قصبے]] [[گٹھ:یورپ دے آباد تھاں]] [[گٹھ:ناروے دے آباد تھاں]] 3esp2wl18t72ixseddrnb7ym0n57coo 0 2028 707407 700930 2026-05-28T09:21:38Z Faryan20 44350 707407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{خانۂ معلومات ملک |مقامی_نام = Kongeriket Norge<br/>Kongeriket Noreg<br/>مملکتِ ناروے |روايتی_لمبا_نام = ناروے |عمومی_نام = ناروے |پرچم_تصویر = Flag_of_Norway.svg |نشان_امتیاز_تصویر = Coat of Arms of Norway.svg |نشان_امتیاز_قسم = قومی نشان |قومی_شعار = Alt for Norge<br/><center>( (شاہی: سب ناروے کے لیے ))</center> |نقشہ_تصویر = LocationNorway.svg |قومی_ترانہ = Ja, vi elsker dette landet<br/>[[فائل:Norway (National Anthem).ogg]] |دار_الحکومت = [[اوسلو]] |latd = 59 |latm= 55 |latNS= شمال |longd= 10 |longm= 45 |longEW= مشرق |عظیم_شہر = اوسلو |دفتری_زبانیں = نارسک |حکومت_قسم = آئینی ملوکیت |راہنما_خطاب = بادشاہ<br/>وزیرِ اعظم |راہنما_نام = ہیرلڈ پنجم<br/> [[Jonas Gahr Støre]] ([[Arbeiderpartiet|Ap]]) (2021–) |خودمختاری_قسم = تشکیل |تسلیمشدہ_واقعات = - اتحاد<br/>آئین<br/>سویڈن سے علیحدگی |تسلیمشدہ_تواریخ = <br/>872ء<br/>17 مئی 1814ء<br/>7 جون 1905ء |یویو_رکنیت_تاریخ = |رقبہ_مقدار = <ref name="kart_2019">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kartverket.no/Kunnskap/Fakta-om-Norge/Arealstatistikk/Arealstatistikk-Norge/|title=Arealstatistics for Norway 2019|publisher=Kartverket, mapping directory for Norway|year=2019|accessdate=2019-03-26|archive-date=2019-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608034913/https://www.kartverket.no/Kunnskap/Fakta-om-Norge/Arealstatistikk/Arealstatistikk-Norge/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>385207 |رقبہ_ = 385207 |areami²= 148729 |رقبہ_درجہ = 67 |فیصد_پانی = 6 |آبادی_تخمینہ = <ref name="ssbf">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ssb.no/en/befolkning/folketall/statistikk/befolkning|title=Population, 2026-01-01|publisher=Statistics Norway|date=2026-02-25|accessdate=2026-02-26|language=en}}</ref>5,627,400 |آبادی_تخمینہ_سال = 2026 |آبادی_تخمینہ_درجہ = 120 |آبادی_مردم_شماری = |آبادی_مردم_شماری_سال = |آبادی_کثافت = 14.6 |آبادی_کثافت_درجہ = 214 |population_densitymi² = 38 |جی_ڈی_پی_پی_پی_پی_سال = 2007 |جی_ڈی_پی_پی_پی_پی = 257.4 ارب [[بین الاقوامی ڈالر]] |جی_ڈی_پی_پی_پی_پی_درجہ = 40 واں |جی_ڈی_پی_پی_پی_پی_فیکس = 55600 [[بین الاقوامی ڈالر]] |جی_ڈی_پی_پی_پی_پی_فیکس_درجہ = تیسرا |ایچ_ڈی_آئی_سال = 2022 |ایچ_ڈی_آئی = 0.966<ref name="UNDP2023">{{Cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/human-development-indexindicies/HDI|title=2022 Human Development Index Ranking|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|date=2023-03-13|accessdate=2024-03-16|language=en}}</ref> |ایچ_ڈی_آئی_درجہ = 2 |ایچ_ڈی_آئی_زمرہ = بلند |سکہ_ = نارویجن کرون |سکہ_کوڈ = NOK |منطقۂ_وقت = مرکزی یورپی وقت (CET اور CEST) |یو_ٹی_سی_تفریق = 1 |منطقۂ_وقت_ڈی_ایس_ٹی = مستعمل |یو_ٹی_سی_تفریق_ڈی_ایس_ٹی = 2 |cctld = [[no.|.no]] |کالنگ_کوڈ = 47 }} '''ناروے''' اتلے یورپ دا اک پہاڑی دیس اے جتھے بادشاہ اتے لوک راج رل کے راج کردے نیں۔ ایہدے [[اتر]] تے لہندے وچ [[بحیرہ شمال|اتلا سمندر]] چڑھدے اچ [[سویڈن]] تے [[دکھن]] چ سمندروں پرے [[ڈنمارک]] اے۔ [[اتر]] چ ایہدی [[ولگن]] [[فنلینڈ]] تے [[روس]] نال ملدی اے۔ ایہہ 385,207 مربع کلومیٹر تھاں تے پھیلیا ہویا اے اتے ایتھے دی لوک گنتی <ref name="ssbf">5,627,400 اے۔ بہت سے جیوپولیٹیکل اور ثقافتی نقطۂ نظر سے ناروے کو یورپ کا ایک حاشیائی ملک سمجھا جاتا ہے، کیونکہ یہ اسکندینیویا کے انتہائی شمال میں واقع ہے اور اس کی آبادی یورپی ممالک کے مقابلے میں بہت کم ہے۔ جرمنی، فرانس یا نیدرلینڈز جیسے وسطی یورپی ممالک کے برعکس، جنہوں نے صدیوں تک یورپ کی سیاست، معیشت اور ثقافت کی تشکیل میں فیصلہ کن کردار ادا کیا، ناروے بڑی حد تک براعظم کی مرکزی تبدیلیوں سے دور رہا ہے۔ اس کی دور افتادہ جغرافیائی پوزیشن، سخت آب و ہوا اور یورپ کے تاریخی مراکز سے محدود رابطے نے اسے اس تاثر کے ساتھ جوڑ دیا ہے کہ یہ یورپی تہذیب کے روایتی مراکز کے بجائے اسکندینیویا کے ایک حاشیائی حصے میں واقع ہے۔ ناروے وچ پارلیمانی بادشاہت اے۔ == پتھر دا زمانہ == پرانا پتھر دا زمانہ (10000 ق م):<br /> اج تو‏ں 18000 سال پہلے نارڈک دا پورا حصہ برف تو‏ں ڈھکا ہويا سی جو گلیشئر د‏‏ی صورت وچ سی۔<br /> 10000 سال [[ق م]] درجہء حرارت وچ تبدیلی د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں برف پگھلنا شروع ہوئی۔ ایس طرح ناروے دا ساحل برف تو‏ں آزاد ہوئے گیا۔ <br /> اس دے بعد ایتھ‏ے لوکاں نے وسنا شروع کيتا جو ڈنگراں دا شکار تے ماہی گیری تو‏ں گزارہ کردے سن ۔ ہولے ہولے انہاں نے پتھراں، درختاں، جانوراں د‏‏ی ہڈیاں تے کھل تو‏ں ہتھیار بنانا شروع کیتے۔ ایہہ لوک غاراں تے کھل دے بنے ہوئے خیمیاں وچ رہندے سن ۔<br /> وقت دے نال نال [[درجہ حرارت]] وچ ہور تبدیلی آندی گئی۔ بوہت سارے لوک ایتھ‏ے آ ک‏ے آباد ہون لگے۔ تقریباً 6000 ق م تک ساحل تے پہاڑاں اُتے بوہتی آبادی ودھ گئی۔<br /> تریخ وچ اس دا پتہ نئيں لبھدا پٸی ایہہ لوک کتھے کتھے تو‏ں آئے لیکن اندازہ ایہی لگایا جاندا اے کہ ایہہ لوک تھلیوں جاں لہندے جزیریاں تو‏ں آئے سن ۔ اتے ایہہ لوک شمال د‏‏ی طرف روس دے راستے تو‏ں وی آئے ہون گے۔ == نواں پتھر دا زمانہ: ({{lang|ur|۴}}۰۰۰۔ ۱۸۰۰ ق م) == پرانے پتھر دے زمانے دے بعد نو‏‏ں نواں پتھر دا زمانہ کہیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ تے ایہ زمانہ تقریباً 4000 تو‏ں 1800 ق م تک رہیا۔ سب تو‏ں وڈا فرق جو انہاں دو پتھر دے زمانے وچ سی اوہ ایہی سی کہ نويں پتھر دے زمانے وچ کھیت‏‏ی باڑی دا آغاز ہويا۔ جو مختلف اناج، غلہ د‏‏ی صورت وچ سی۔ (گندم، جو تے باجرہ وغیرہ) لوکاں نے اس زمانے وچ گھراں وچ گانواں اتے بھیڑاں نو‏‏ں وی پالنا شروع کيتا۔ کھیت‏‏ی باڑی دا طریقہ جنوب ولوں آئے ہوئے لوکاں نے ایتھ‏ے پھیلا دتا سی۔ کھیت‏‏ی باڑی د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں لوکاں نے مستقل رہنا شروع کر دتا۔ 2000 ق م تک شکار تے ماہی گیری سبھ تو‏ں وڈا پیشہ سی۔ جیہدا اندازہ سانو‏ں پتھراں اُتے جانوراں د‏‏ی تصویراں تو‏ں ہُندا ا‏‏ے۔ جو اوہ لوک پتھراں وغیرہ اُتے بنایا کردے سن ۔ اس دور دے اخیر تیکر کھیت‏‏ی باڑی دے پیشے نے بہوں اہمیت حاصل کر لئی سی۔ === دھاتاں دا زمانہ (1800ق م۔ 500 مسیح) === 1800 تو‏ں 500 ق م تک دے زمانے نو‏‏ں دھاتاں دا زمانہ کہیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ اس زمانے دے امیر لوکاں نے [[کانسی]] تے ٹین تو‏ں ہتھیار تے زیورات بنانے شروع کیتے۔<br /> لیکن حالے تک کافی لوک پتھراں، ہڈیاں تے درختاں تو‏ں ہی ہتھیار وغیرہ بنایا کردے سن ۔ کھڈی اُتے کپڑ‏ا بننا تے اون دا استعمال ايس‏ے زمانے وچ شروع ہويا۔ اون بھیڑاں د‏‏ی کھل تو‏ں حاصل کيتی جاندی سی۔ === لوہے دا زمانہ (500۔ 800 مسیح) === ایس زمانے وچ [[لوہا]] بنان دا ہنر اس شمالی علاقے تک پہنچ چکيا سی۔ ناروے دے بڑے وڈے حصے وچ [[کوئلہ|کوئلے]] د‏‏ی مدد تو‏ں لوہے نو‏‏ں پگھلایا جان لگا۔ ایہہ کوئلہ دلدل تو‏ں حاصل کيتا جاندا سی۔ لوہے تو‏ں انہاں نے چاقو، کلہاڑی تے دوجے ہتھیار بنائے۔<br /> ناروے نکّی نکّی بہُوں سارِیاں ریاستاں وچ تقسیم سی اتے ہر ریاست دا حکمران ہُندا سی۔ اوہناں وچو‏ں کجھ حکمران کافی مذہبی ہُندے سن ۔ '''3۔ وائیکنگ دا زمانہ، ریاستاں دا اکھٹا ہونا تے مسیحیت تقریباً 800 تو‏ں 1030 تک''' === ۔ واٸیکنگ دا زمانہ Lindisfarne اُتے حملہ۔ (793۔ 1030) === پہلے وائیکنگ نے 793 وچ انگلینڈ دے جزیرہ Lindisfarne اک مذہبی تھاں اُتے حملہ کيتا۔ اوہناں نے بوہت سارے لوکاں نو‏‏ں قتل کيتا تے بوہت سارے لوکاں کر قید ک‏ر ليا۔ اس حملے د‏‏ی خبر باقی یورپ ملکاں وچ وی پھیل گئی۔ بوہت سارے مذہبی لوکاں نے اوہناں وحشِیاں دے بارے سن رکھیا سی۔ اک سال دے بعد دوبارہ انہاں نے انگلینڈ د‏‏ی مذہبی جگہاں Monkwearmouth, Jarrow اُتے حملہ کيتا۔ ايس‏ے سال 795 وچ وائیکنگ نے ناروے تو‏ں آئر لینڈ وچ لُٹ مار شروع کر دتّی۔ اوہ جتھے جتھے گئے انہاں نے لُٹ مار دے نال نال قتل و غارت وی کیتی۔ تقریباً ايس‏ے دور وچ کجھ نارویجین وائیکنگ [[اسکاٹ لینڈ]] تے آلے دوالے دے جزیریاں وچ آ ک‏ے رہن لگے۔ دوسرے وائیکنگ جنگ کردے ہوئے بحری جہازاں دے ذریعے جرمنی، فرانس، سپین اٹلی تے [[شمالی افریقہ]] تک گئے۔ اوتھ‏ے انہاں نے بوہتا خزانہ چوری کيتا اتے نال ہی بوہتے لوکاں نو‏‏ں قتل کيتا تے بہت ساریاں نو‏‏ں غلام بنا ک‏ے لَے گئے۔ [[فائل:Viking Expansion.svg|thumb|300px|کھبے|اٹھويں تو‏ں گیارواں صدی دے درمیان وائیکنگ جنہاں تجارتی رستیاں اُتے حملے کردے رہے انہاں نو‏ں ہرے رنگ تو‏ں وکھایا گیا ‏جے۔]] سویڈن دے وائیکنگ جنوب د‏ولوں ہوندے روس د‏‏ی جانب گئے۔ اوتھ‏ے انہاں نے کئی شہراں نو‏‏ں لُٹیا۔ ايس‏ے زمانے وچ انہاں نے اپنے خدا بنائے۔ جنہاں دے ناں تھور، اودن سن ۔ 830 مسیحیت مذہب دے کجھ لوک آئے انہاں نے وائیکنگ نو‏‏ں اس دھرم دے بارے وچ دسیا لیکن وائیکنگ نو‏‏ں ایہہ مذہب اپنا‏ندے ہَوئے کجھ عرصہ لگیا۔ 835 تو‏ں 841 تک انہاں نے انگلینڈ، آئر لینڈ وچ لُٹ مار دا سلسلہ جاری رکھیا۔ 930 وچ وائی کنگ د‏‏ی تعداد [[آئس لینڈ]] وچ تقریباً 10000 ہو گئی سی۔ 930 وچ ڈنمارک دے وائیکنگ د‏‏ی تعداد مسیحیت مذہب وچ ودھنے لگی۔ لیکن انہاں دا بادشاہ دس سال دے بعد اس مذہب وچ آیا۔ 982 وچ نارویجین وائیکنگ Eirik آئس لینڈ دے اک بندے نو‏‏ں قتل ک‏ر ک‏ے اوتھ‏ے تو‏ں بھج کر اک جزیرہ اُتے چلا گیا۔ جس دا ناں اس نے [[گرین لینڈ]] رکھیا۔ بہت سالاں دے بعد اس دے نال آ ک‏ے کئی لوک رہن لگے۔ 1002 وچ ایرک دا بیٹا Leif Eriksson نے اک ہور جزیرے اُتے گیا جس دا ناں اس نے Vinland (Wine Land رکھیا۔ 1000 سال وچ انگریزاں نے وائی کنگ نو‏‏ں بہت سا خزانہ دے ک‏ے اوہناں لوکاں نو‏‏ں آزادانہ رہݨ دے لئی کہیا۔ لیکن ایہدے باوجود 1016 تیکر وائیکنگز اوتھے رہ‏‏ے۔ ايس‏ے دوران ناروے دے وائی کنگ مسیحی ہوݨا شروع ہوئے۔ انہاں نے چرچ بݨائے۔ مسیحیت دے پھیل جاݨ دے بعد انہاں نے جنگ، لُٹ مار اپݨے مطالبات نو‏‏ں ختم کر دتا۔ 1066 دے بعد اوہ آرام و سکون تو‏ں زندگی گزارن لگے۔ وائیکنگ اس زمانے وچ بہت وڈے تاجر سن ۔ انہاں نے تجارت دا سلسلہ انگلینڈ، آئر لینڈ تے یورپ دے دوجے ملکاں وچ جاری رکھیا۔ جتھے جتھے وائیکنگز گئے انہاں نے اوتھے د‏‏ی بولی تے سبھیاچار نو‏‏ں اپݨا لیا اتے جلد ہی فرانسیسی، انگریز، روسی جاں آئریش بݨ گئے۔ === ریاستاں دا اکھٹا ہونا === وائی کنگ دے آخری زمانے وچ ناردن وچ تن ریاسدیاں سن۔ ڈنمارک، ناروے تے سویڈن۔ Harald اوہ پہلا بادشاہ سی جس نے ناروے نو‏‏ں اک ریاست بنایا۔ Harald نو‏‏ں Gyda نامی لڑکی نال پیار ہوئے گیا سی۔ اس وقت ملک دے کئی حصےآں سن جس دا وکھ حکمران سی۔ گیدا اس د‏ی بیوی اس وقت تک بننے دے لئی تیار نئيں سی جدو‏ں تک Harald پورے ناروے دا بادشاہ نہ بن جاندا۔ تب ہی Harald نے قسم کھادی کہ اوہ جدو‏ں تک پورے ناروے نو‏‏ں فتح نئيں کر لے گا اپنے بال نئيں کٹوائے گا۔ ايس‏ے لئی اس دا ناں Harald the Fairhair پے گیا۔ کئی مقابلےآں دے بعد ہارلڈ پورے ناروے دا بادشاہ بن گیا تب اس د‏ی شادی گیدا نال ہوئی۔ اس نے 1319 تک بادشاہت کیتی۔ اس دے مر جانے دے بعد اس دے بیٹے ناروے دے بادشاہ بنے۔ === مسیحیت دا آغاز === وایکنگ پہلے ہی یورپ دے بوہت سارے ملکاں وچ جا چکے سن ۔ تے اس دے بعد نارویجین بادشاہاں نے مسیحیت نو‏‏ں اگے ودھایا۔ بادشاہ Olav 1 جو ہارلڈ دا بیٹا سی۔ اس نے ہر علاقے وچ مسیحیت نو‏‏ں پھیلا دتا۔ بے شک بوہت سارے علاقےآں وچ مسیحیت پھیل چک‏ی سی لیکن اس دے باوجود بوہت سارے لوک اس نويں مذہب دے خلاف سن ۔ انہاں دے لئی اپنے باپ دادا دا مذہب چھڈنا بہت مشکل سی۔ بادشاہ Olav 2 وی مسیحی سی۔ اس نے اپنے دور وچ ملک وچ مکمل مسیحیت دے نظام دا آغاز کيتا۔ اس دا قول سی۔ ’ مسیحی بنو یا مر جاؤ۔! اس نے پرانے خداواں د‏‏ی تصویراں تے بتاں نو‏‏ں توڑ ڈالیا۔ 1030 وچ اس اُتے دوسرے مذہب دے لوکاں نے حملہ کيتا۔ تے اسنو‏ں قتل کر دتا۔ تے اس بادشاہ نو‏‏ں ’مقدس Olav ’ دا ناں دتا گیا۔ تے ايس‏ے وجہ تو‏ں 1030 سال نو‏‏ں مسیحیت دے آغاز دا سال وی منیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ '''دورِ وسطٰی (1537۔ 1030) سنہری زمانہ : ء1200۔1030ء معاشی بدحالی دا زمانہ: 1300ء''' 1000 تو‏ں 1300 تک ناروے د‏‏ی آبادی 150،000 تو‏ں 400،000 تک ہوئے گئی سی۔ اس وقت تک بوہت سارے لوکاں دا پیشہ کھیت‏‏ی باڑی سی۔ تے جداں جداں آبادی وچ وادھا ہُندا گیا تاں تاں انہاں کھیتاں د‏‏ی تقسیم ہُندتی گئی۔ اس زمانے دا بادشاہ وی بہت ساریاں زمیناں دا مالک سی۔ ء1000 وچ کئی شہر آبادی دے ودھ جانے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں وڈے شہر کہلانے لگے۔ برگن اس زمانے دا بہت اہ‏م شہر سی۔ 1200 تو‏ں برگن ناروے دا وڈا شہر سی۔ سنہری زمانہ: 1100 تو‏ں 1200 دے زمانے نو‏‏ں سنہری زمانہ کہیا گیا کیونجے ایہ زمانہ ناروے دے لئی معاشی و سیاسی ہر لحاظ تو‏ں بہت چنگا ثابت ہويا سی۔ بادشاہت دے نظام نو‏‏ں منظم کيتا گیا۔ لیٹریچر، خطاطی نو‏‏ں فروغ دتا گیا۔ چرچاں وچ آرٹ تے کلچر نو‏‏ں فروغ دتا۔ گرین لینڈ، آئس لینڈ تے کئی دوسرے جزیرے ناروے دے پاس سن ۔ معاشی بدحالی دا زمانہ:1349 وچ طاعون د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں آبادی دا تیسرا حصہ ہلاک ہوئے گیا۔ اس دے بعد وی کئی بار اس بیماری دا حملہ ہويا۔1400 تو‏ں پہلے لوک اس وباء د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں اگے نہ ودھ سک‏‏ے۔ 1319 وچ ناروے دا بادشاہ (جس دا کوئی بیٹا نئيں سی)کے مر جانے دے بعد سویڈن تے ناروے دا اک ہی بادشاہ بنا دتا گیا سی۔ 1380 تو‏ں ناروے تے ڈنمارک دا بادشاہ اک ہی سی۔ جو 1814 تک رہیا۔ Margaret نے انہاں تن ملکاں نو‏‏ں اک یونین وچ اکھٹا کيتا۔ 1536 وچ فیصلہ کيتا گیا کہ ناروے اک وکھ ملک نئيں رہے گا بلکہ اسنو‏ں ڈنمارک دا اک صوبہ بنا دتا جائے۔ '''Reformation 1537''' ناروے وی یورپ دے باقی ملکاں د‏‏ی طرح اک مسیحی ملک سی جو کیتھولک مذہب سی۔ آخری نارویجین پادری دا ناں Olav سی اس دے دو مقصد سن اک کہ ناروے وچ سرکاری مشورے نو‏‏ں بادشاہت تو‏ں برتری دتی جائے۔ تے دوسرا کہ نارویجین Martin Luther دے مذہب د‏‏ی پیروی کرن۔ جو اک جرمن پادری سی۔ Luther نے کہیا سی کہ بائیبل دا [[لاطینی زبان]] وچ ترجمہ کيتا جائے۔ تاکہ ہر بولی بولنے والا اسنو‏ں سمجھ سک‏‏ے۔ بادشاہ فریڈرک 1 دے 1533 وچ مر جانے دے بعد 1536 وچ Christian 3 نے Luther دے مذہب نو‏‏ں ڈنمارک وچ پھیلایا۔ تے ناروے وچ وی ايس‏ے مذہب نو‏‏ں سرکاری مذہب بنانے دا فیصلہ کيتا گیا۔ 1537 وچ بادشاہ د‏‏ی فوج ناروے وچ آئی۔ 1380 وچ ناروے ڈنمارک اک ہی ملک بن گیا سی۔ تے ڈنمارک د‏‏ی حکومت ہونے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں ہی ناروے بہت پِچھے رہ گیا۔ ناروے وچ وی اوہی قانون سن جو ڈنمارک وچ بنائے گئے۔ Christian 4 اوہ بادشاہ سی جس نے اپنے دور وچ ناروے دا 25 بار سب تو‏ں زیادہ دورے کیتے سن ۔ اسی دور وچ Peter Wessel اپنی کوششاں نال جنگ کيت‏ی تے جِت گیا۔ 1700 وچ اس دا قبضہ کافی علاقےآں وچ ہوئے گیا۔ اس نے سویڈن دے بحری بیڑے نو‏‏ں وی اپنے قبضے وچ ک‏ر ليا۔ نپولین دے جنگاں د‏‏ی اثرات د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں 1814 وچ ڈنمارک تے ناروے علاحدہ ہوئے گئے۔ ناروے جیتنے والےآں د‏‏ی طرف سی ايس‏ے وجہ تو‏ں اس نے ناروے نو‏‏ں حاصل کرنے دا مطالبہ کر دتا۔ جو نارویجین لوک نئيں چاہندے سن ۔ 17 مئی 1814 وچ ناروے نو‏‏ں مجبوراً سویڈن د‏‏ی یونین وچ رکنیت کرنی پئی۔ جو 7 جون 1905 تک رہی۔ اس دے بعد شہزادہ Carl جو ڈنمارک دا سی بادشاہ بنیا۔ جس نے اپنا ناں Hakon 7 رکھیا۔ 9 اپریل 1940 وچ ناروے د‏‏ی تریخ دا اک نواں باب کھلا۔ جو بالکل غیر متوقع سی۔ جرمن لوکاں نے ناروے اُتے حملہ کر دتا۔ انہاں نے ملک دے کئی حصےآں وچ جنگ کيت‏ی۔ تقریباً دو مہینےآں دے بعد ناروے نو‏‏ں ہار ماننی پئی۔ بادشاہ تے اس د‏ی حکومت انگلینڈ چلی گئی۔ اس طرح باقی ملک وچ جنگ جاری رہی۔ تے 8 مئی 1945 نو‏‏ں ختم ہوئی۔ تے اس دے بعد ناروے نے سکھ دا سانس لیا۔ == ڈیموگرافی == ناروے د‏‏ی زیادہ تر آبادی نورویجین نيں ، زیادہ تر غیر ملکی قومیتاں [[پولینڈ]]، [[سویڈن]]، [[ایران|ایران تے کردستان]] ، [[پاکستان]] تے [[عراق]] تو‏ں نيں. == لسٹ متعلقہ مضامین ناروے == * [[لسٹ متعلقہ مضامین ناروے]] * [[وولگا بلغاریہ]] * [[احمد بن فضلان]] == بارلے جوڑ == {{Commons|Category:Norway|ناروے|position=left}} ==ہورویکھو== ==حوالے== {{حوالے}} {{یورپی ممالک}} {{ہند آریائی بولنے والے خطے}} {{ناروے دے ضلعے}} {{یورپ دے دیس}} [[گٹھ:ناروے]] [[گٹھ:1814ء وچ قائم ہونے والے ملک تے علاقے]] [[گٹھ:1905ء وچ آزاد ہونے والے ملک تے علاقے]] [[گٹھ:1905ء وچ قائم ہونے والے ملک تے علاقے]] [[گٹھ:870ء د‏‏ی دہائی وچ قائم ہونے والے ملک تے علاقے]] [[گٹھ:872ء دیاں تاسیساں]] [[گٹھ:872ء وچ آزاد ہونے والے ملک تے علاقے]] [[گٹھ:آزاد خیال جمہوریتاں]] [[گٹھ:آئینی بادشاہتاں]] [[گٹھ:اسکینڈینیویا]] [[گٹھ:اسکینڈینیویا دے ملک]] [[گٹھ:اقوام متحدہ دے رکن ملک]] [[گٹھ:بحر اوقیانوس دے کنارے واقع ملک]] [[گٹھ:بحر منجمد شمالی دے کنارے واقع ملک]] [[گٹھ:شمالی ملک]] [[گٹھ:شمالی یورپ]] [[گٹھ:شمالی یورپی ملک]] [[گٹھ:مجلس یورپ دے رکن ملک]] [[گٹھ:مسیحی ریاستاں]] [[گٹھ:نیٹو دے رکن ملک]] [[گٹھ:یورپی ملک]] [[گٹھ:یورپ دے دیس]] [[گٹھ:ناروے]] <div style="direction:rtl; font-family:tahoma"> cyjktkbpbrbvzqf46i6gvjg3671if0l 4 3893 707389 706452 2026-05-27T17:14:56Z MediaWiki message delivery 10916 /* Vote now in the 2026 U4C election */ نواں پاسہ 707389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{پنجابی گنتی}} <div style="margin:0; margin-top:10px; margin-right:10px; border:1px solid #c9c9c9; padding: 1em 1em 1em 1em; background-color:#C1FFC1;"> <center>'''پنجابی وکیپیڈیا دی بیٹھک چ جی آیاں نوں'''</center> </div> 13 اگست 2009 دی سویر نوں پنجابی وکیپیڈیا وی 271 سنگیاں دی ٹولی چ رل گیا۔ ایدے تے کم 24 اکتوبر 2008 نوں ٹریا تے 12 اگست تک 2615 آرٹیکلاں تے کم ٹر پیا سی۔تے ایس سعاب نال 271 وکیپیڈیاواں دی سنگت چ ایدا نمبر 131واں بندا اے۔اس خوشی تے چین دا ویلہ اے۔ پنجابی بولی ایس ویلے بولن والیاں دے نال دنیا تے 10ویں نمبر تے اے۔ پاکستان چ ایدا نمبر پیلا اے انگلینڈ چ دوجا دکھنی ایشیاء چ ہندی تے بنگالی توں مگروں تیجا تے کینیڈا چ چوتھا اے۔ پر وکیپیڈیا دی دنیا چ پنجابی بولی پچھڑی ہوئی اے۔ پر اسیں سارے رل کے ایس ںوں بدل دیاں گے۔ ===پنجابی وکیپیڈیا=== * پنجابی بولی چ پنجابی اکھاں نال ایس دنیا نوں دیکھن دا ناں اے۔ ---- <center> <font size="6">[[وکیپیڈیا:بیٹھک/وثق۱|وثق۱]] | [[وکیپیڈیا:بیٹھک/وثق۲|وثق۲]]</font> </center> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Your input requested on the proposed #FreeBassel banner campaign]] == ''This is a message regarding the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|proposed 2015 Free Bassel banner]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translations]] are available.'' Hi everyone, This is to inform all Wikimedia contributors that a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|straw poll seeking your involvement]] has just been started on Meta-Wiki. As some of your might be aware, a small group of Wikimedia volunteers have proposed a banner campaign informing Wikipedia readers about the urgent situation of our fellow Wikipedian, open source software developer and Creative Commons activist, [[:w:Bassel Khartabil|Bassel Khartabil]]. An exemplary [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|banner]] and an [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|explanatory page]] have now been prepared, and translated into about half a dozen languages by volunteer translators. We are seeking [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|your involvement to decide]] if the global Wikimedia community approves starting a banner campaign asking Wikipedia readers to call on the Syrian government to release Bassel from prison. We understand that a campaign like this would be unprecedented in Wikipedia's history, which is why we're seeking the widest possible consensus among the community. Given Bassel's urgent situation and the resulting tight schedule, we ask everyone to [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|get involved with the poll and the discussion]] to the widest possible extent, and to promote it among your communities as soon as possible. (Apologies for writing in English; please kindly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|translate]] this message into your own language.) Thank you for your participation! ''Posted by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 21:47, 25 November 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translate]] • [[:m:Talk:Free Bassel/Banner|Get help]] <!-- Message sent by User:Varnent@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=14758733 --> == Community Wishlist Survey == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hi everyone! Apologies for posting this in English. Translations are very welcome. We're beginning the second part of the Community Tech team's '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey/Voting|Community Wishlist Survey]]''', and we're inviting all active contributors to vote on the proposals that have been submitted. Thanks to you and other Wikimedia contributors, 111 proposals were submitted to the team. We've split the proposals into categories, and now it's time to vote! You can vote for any proposal listed on the pages, using the <nowiki>{{Support}}</nowiki> tag. Feel free to add comments pro or con, but only support votes will be counted. The voting period will be 2 weeks, ending on December 14. The proposals with the most support votes will be the team's top priority backlog to investigate and address. Thank you for participating, and we're looking forward to hearing what you think! Community Tech via </div> [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 19:38, 1 دسمبر 2015 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Global_distribution&oldid=14913494 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (December 2015) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] - multidisciplinary periodicals, newspapers, and reference sources - 10 accounts * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Brill|Brill]] - academic e-books and journals in English, Dutch, and other languages - 25 accounts * [[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Suomalaisen_Kirjallisuuden_Seura|Finnish Literature Society]] (in Finnish) * [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:مگ‌ایران|Magiran]] (in Farsi) - scientific journal articles - 100 articles * [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:سیویلیکا|Civilica]] (in Farsi) - Iranian journal articles, seminars, and conferences - 50 accounts Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 01:01, 11 December 2015 (UTC) :''Help us a start Wikipedia Library in your language! Email us at wikipedialibrary@wikimedia.org''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Matiia@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=14689842 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Get involved in Wikipedia 15!]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|Translations]] are available.'' [[File:International-Space-Station wordmark blue.svg|right|200px]] As many of you know, January 15 is Wikipedia’s 15th Birthday! People around the world are getting involved in the celebration and have started adding their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|events on Meta Page]]. While we are celebrating Wikipedia's birthday, we hope that all projects and affiliates will be able to utilize this celebration to raise awareness of our community's efforts. Haven’t started planning? Don’t worry, there’s lots of ways to get involved. Here are some ideas: * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|Join/host an event]]'''. We already have more than 80, and hope to have many more. * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media|Talk to local press]]'''. In the past 15 years, Wikipedia has accomplished extraordinary things. We’ve made a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/15 years|handy summary]] of milestones and encourage you to add your own. More resources, including a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media#releases|press release template]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Movement Communications Skills|resources on working with the media]], are also available. * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Material|Design a Wikipedia 15 logo]]'''. In place of a single icon for Wikipedia 15, we’re making dozens. Add your own with something fun and representative of your community. Just use the visual guide so they share a common sensibility. * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events/Package#birthdaywish|Share a message on social media]]'''. Tell the world what Wikipedia means to you, and add #wikipedia15 to the post. We might re-tweet or share your message! Everything is linked on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Wikipedia 15 Meta page]]. You’ll find a set of ten data visualization works that you can show at your events, and a [[c:Category:Wikipedia15 Mark|list of all the Wikipedia 15 logos]] that community members have already designed. If you have any questions, please contact [[m:User:ZMcCune (WMF)|Zachary McCune]] or [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]]. Thanks and Happy nearly Wikipedia 15!<br /> -The Wikimedia Foundation Communications team ''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]], 01:58, 19 دسمبر 2015 (PKT) • [[m:Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikipedia 15|{{int:help}}]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=15158198 --> == Wikimania 2016 Scholarships - Deadline soon! == :{{int:Please-translate}} A reminder - applications for scholarships for Wikimania 2016 in Esino Lario, Italy, are closing soon! Please get your applications in by January 9th. To apply, visit the page below: :*[https://wikimania2016.wikimedia.org/wiki/Scholarships Wikimania 2016 Scholarships] [[User:PEarley (WMF)|Patrick Earley (WMF)]] via [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:50, 5 جنوری 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Mass_Message_-_large&oldid=15209973 --> ==وکیمیڈیا کانفرنس 2016== پنجابی وکیمیڈینز ولوں برلن، جرمنی لئی اک بندہ بھیجھیا جانا ہے۔ چون کرن لئی پٹیالا وچ بیٹھک ہوئی تے تسیں اس بارے [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_Wikimedians/Wikimedia_Conference_2016 اس لنک] اتے پڑھ سکدے ہو۔--[[ورتنوالا:Satdeep Gill|Satdeep Gill]] ([[ورتن گل بات:Satdeep Gill|talk]]) 23:32, 4 جنوری 2016 (PKT) == 2016 WMF Strategy consultation == {{پنجابی گنتی}} {{پنجابی گنتی}} :{{int:Please-translate}} Hello, all. The Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) has launched a consultation to help create and prioritize WMF strategy beginning July 2016 and for the 12 to 24 months thereafter. This consultation will be open, on Meta, from 18 January to 26 February, after which the Foundation will also use these ideas to help inform its Annual Plan. (More on our timeline can be found on that Meta page.) Your input is welcome (and greatly desired) at the Meta discussion, [[:m:2016 Strategy/Community consultation|2016 Strategy/Community consultation]]. Apologies for English, where this is posted on a non-English project. We thought it was more important to get the consultation translated as much as possible, and good headway has been made there in some languages. There is still much to do, however! We created [[:m:2016 Strategy/Translations]] to try to help coordinate what needs translation and what progress is being made. :) If you have questions, please reach out to me on my talk page or on the strategy consultation's talk page or by email to mdennis@wikimedia.org. I hope you'll join us! [[:m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Maggie Dennis]] via [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:06, 19 جنوری 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Mdennis (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Mass_Message_-_large&oldid=15253743 --> == The visual editor is coming to this wiki == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Norwegian-road-sign-110.0 (fluorescent).svg|right|frameless]] ''Hello. Please excuse the English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' Hi everybody, My name is Erica, and I am a [[:mw:Community Engagement (Product)|Community Liaison]] at the Wikimedia Foundation. I'm here to let you know that <mark>[[mw:VisualEditor/Portal|'''the visual editor''']] is coming to editors at this Wikipedia soon.</mark> It allows people to edit Wikipedia articles as if they were using word processing software. You don't have to wait until the deployment to test it; '''you can test the visual editor right now.''' To turn it on, select [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|"{{int:betafeatures-toplink}}"]] in your preferences. Choose "{{int:visualeditor}}" and click save. When it is enabled, you will press the "{{int:vector-view-edit}}" button to edit an article in the new software. To use the wikitext editor, you can press "{{int:visualeditor-ca-editsource}}". After the deployment, everyone will automatically have the option to use either the visual editor or the current wikitext editor. For more information about how to use the visual editor, see [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/User guide]]. More information about [[mediawikiwiki:Help:VisualEditor/VE_as_the_main_editor|preparing for the visual editor is posted here]]. * It's easier to add templates if you've added [[mw:TemplateData|TemplateData]] information. * Please help translate the user interface and pages about the visual editor. See [[:mw:VisualEditor/TranslationCentral|the visual editor's TranslationCentral]] for general information. To translate the user guide, go to [[mediawikiwiki:Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|the MediaWiki.org page]], and select "{{int:translate-tag-translate-link-desc}}". Your language should be available from the drop-down menu on the right. Once you've done this, you'll see the document in English, side by side with any translation work already done in your language. You can add new translations or change old translations. To [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&group=ext-visualeditor-0-all&language= translate the user interface], you need to create an account at translatewiki.net. [[:mediawikiwiki:User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)|Contact me personally]] if you need help with that. * Please let us know if you find any problems. You can report issues in [[phab:|Phabricator, the new bug tracking system]] or on the [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|central feedback page]] on MediaWiki.org. If you notice major issues affecting your project, please leave a note [[:mw:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|on my talk page]]. <div style="float: right;">''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/Phase_6_wikis|Wrong target page? Fix it here]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Sign up for the visual editor's multilingual newsletter]] ''</div> Thank you, and happy editing! --[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] [[:mw:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|(talk)]] 23:29, 5 فروری 2016 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Phase_6_wikis&oldid=15312196 --> == Reminder: the visual editor is coming to this wiki soon == <div dir="ltr" class="me-content-ltr" lang="en"> [[File:Twemoji 23f0.svg|right|frameless]] ''Hello again. Please excuse the English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' This is a reminder that [[mw:VisualEditor/Portal|'''the visual editor''']] is coming to all editors at this Wikipedia soon. As of this writing, the team is not aware of any issues specific to this language that should prevent the new software to be deployed here; therefore, please do let us know if you find any problems instead. You can report issues in [[phab:|Phabricator, the new bug tracking system]] or on the [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|central feedback page]] on MediaWiki.org. There is a '''[[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/VE as the main editor|short guide at mediawiki.org]]''' that you can follow (as if it was a "checklist") to learn about the community work necessary to adapt the visual editor, and its referencing system in particular, to your community's needs. <mark>If you can translate from English into this wiki's language, or know anyone who can, please follow the links below, as '''this language still has 0% progress in translations'''</mark> <small>(0% or slightly above, for interface messages)</small>. You'll help your community get the best possible experience when it comes to [[:mw:VisualEditor/TranslationCentral#To_do|interface messages and documentation related to the visual editor]]. <small>After you click on any links, your language should be available from the drop-down menu on the right. Once you've selected it, you'll see the document in English side by side with any translation work already done in your language. You can add new translations or modify existing ones. The interface is hosted at https://translatewiki.net; you'll need an account if you never translated there before. The user guide lives at Mediawiki.org, for which you can use your regular Wikipedia account. [[:mw:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|You're welcome to contact me personally]] whenever you need help. </small> *'''[https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&group=ext-visualeditor-0-all&language= Interface messages]''' *'''[https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Help%3AVisualEditor%2FUser+guide&language=&filter=%21translated&action=translate User Guide]''' Thank you for your cooperation, and happy editing! --[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] [[:mw:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|(talk)]] 21:34, 26 فروری 2016 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Phase_6_wikis_no_translations&oldid=15362921 --> == Completion suggestor == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> == Updates to wiki search auto completion are arriving 10 March== Hello! {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} The [[:m:User:CKoerner (WMF)/Work/Completion Suggester beta reminder and coming soon|completion suggester beta feature]] will become the default at the first group of wikis on '''Thursday, 10 March'''. This initial rollout will start with some of the smaller wikis to ensure the change happens in an organized way. The remaining wikis will receive the update on Wednesday, 16 March. This update brings three major improvements to search. Improved search result ordering, a tolerance for a small number of spelling errors, and suggests fewer typos. Since December 2015, 19,000 editors have already opted into the completion suggester beta feature. Contributors are encouraged to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|try out the feature]] ahead of the release. Please share any comments on the Completion Suggester [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/CompletionSuggester|discussion page]] in any language. To learn more about the work of the Discovery department and other improvements to search, please check out [[wmfblog:2015/12/23/search-and-discovery-on-wikipedia/|the Wikimedia blog]]. Read about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|CirrusSearch]], the MediaWiki extension that makes wiki search possible.</div> - [[User:CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 03:09, 8 مارچ 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Work/Completion_Suggester_inital_rollout/Target_list&oldid=15420104 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2016) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}'' Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for access to research materials from: * '''[[w:en:WP:Cambridge|Cambridge University Press]]''' - a major publisher of academic journals and e-books in a variety of subject areas. Access includes both Cambridge Journals Online and Cambridge Books. 25 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Alexander Street|Alexander Street ''Academic Video Online'']]''' - a large academic video collection good for a wide range of subjects, including news programs (such as PBS and BBC), music and theatre, lectures and demonstrations, and documentaries. 25 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Baylor|Baylor University Press]]''' - a publisher of academic e-books primarily in religious studies and the humanities. 50 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Future Science Group|Future Science Group]]''' - a publisher of medical, biotechnological and scientific research. 30 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Annual Reviews|Annual Reviews]]''' - a publisher of review articles in the biomedical sciences. 100 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Miramar|Miramar Ship Index]]''' - an index to ships and their histories since the early 19th century. 30 accounts. '''Non-English''' *'''[[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:نورمگز|Noormags]]''' - Farsi-language aggregator of academic and professional journals and magazines. 30 accounts. *'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة ويكيبيديا/كتبنا|Kotobna]]''' - Arabic-language ebook publishing platform. 20 accounts. '''Expansions''' *'''[[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]]''' - aggregator of newspapers, magazines and journals. 50 accounts. *'''[[w:en:WP:Elsevier|Elsevier ScienceDirect]]''' - an academic publishing company that publishes medical and scientific literature. 100 accounts. Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:De Gruyter|De Gruyter]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 01:30, 18 مارچ 2016 (PKT) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].'' :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=15424370 --> == Open Call for Individual Engagement Grants == [[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]] {{int:Please-translate}}: Greetings! The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/IEG|Individual Engagement Grants (IEG) program]] is accepting proposals''' until April 12th to fund new tools, research, outreach efforts, and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers. Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), IEGs can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space. *[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab *[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help''' with your proposal]] in an upcoming Hangout session *[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]] With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 20:47, 31 مارچ 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&oldid=15490024 --> == Server switch 2016 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its newest data center in Dallas. This will make sure Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test. This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic to the new data center on '''Tuesday, 19 April'''.<br/> On '''Thursday, 21 April''', they will switch back to the primary data center. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for approximately 15 to 30 minutes on Tuesday, 19 April and Thursday, 21 April, starting at 14:00 UTC (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT). If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be a code freeze for the week of 18 April. No non-essential code deployments will take place. This test was originally planned to take place on March 22. April 19th and 21st are the new dates. You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for Q3 FY2015-2016 rollout|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. They will post any changes on that schedule. There will be more notifications about this. '''Please share this information with your community.''' /[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 02:08, 18 اپریل 2016 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Server_switch_2016/Delivery_list&oldid=15533827 --> == Wikipedia to the Moon == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello! Sorry that this is in English only, but we are using village pump messaging in order to reach as many language communities as possible. Wrong page? Please fix it [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|here]]. This is an invitation to all Wikipedians: Wikimedia Deutschland has been given data space to include Wikipedia content in an upcoming mission to the Moon. (No joke!) We have launched a community discussion about how to do that, because we feel that this is for the global community of editors. Please, '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon|join the discussion on Meta-Wiki]]''' (and translate this invitation to your language community)! Best, [[:m:Talk:Wikipedia to the Moon|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 20:35, 21 اپریل 2016 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Martin Rulsch (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=15542536 --> == Wikipedia to the Moon: voting has begun == Hello, after six weeks of community discussion about [https://moon.wikimedia.org Wikipedia to the Moon], there are now 10 different proposals for content for the mission. Starting today, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia_to_the_Moon/Voting|you can vote for them on Meta-Wiki]], and decide what we will work on: a Wikipedia canon, different lists, the Moon in 300 languages, an astronomy editathon, featured articles, articles about technology, endangered things, or DNA-related topics. You can even vote against community involvement. Voting is open until 24 June. Sorry that this message is again in English only, but we are using village pumps to reach as many communities as possible, so that everyone knows they can vote. Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 20:31, 10 جون 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Martin Rulsch (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=15542536 --> == Compact Links coming soon to this wiki == {{int:Please-translate}} <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]] Hello, I wanted to give a heads up about an upcoming feature for this wiki which you may seen already in [[:m:Tech/News/2016/25|Tech News]]. [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). This will be enabled as a feature in the coming week for all users, which can be turned on or off using a preference setting. We look forward to your feedback and please do let us know if you have any questions. Details about Compact Language Links can be read in the [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project documentation]]. Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this message and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. The main announcement can also be translated on [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links/Announcement_draft_June_2016|this page]]. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]])-17:57, 1 جولائی 2016 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Runab WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/ULS_Compact_Links/8_July&oldid=15736589 --> == Wikipedia to the Moon: invitation to edit == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Three weeks ago, you were invited to vote on how to take Wikipedia articles to the Moon. Community voting is over and the winning idea is to send all ‘’featured articles and lists’’ to the Moon. This decision means that, starting today, Wikipedians from all language communities are warmly invited to intensively work on their best articles and lists, and submit them to Wikipedia to the Moon. The central site to coordinate between communities will be Meta-Wiki. You will find an [[m:Wikipedia to the Moon/Working|overview and more information there]]. Hopefully, we will be able to represent as many languages as possible, to show Wikipedia’s diversity. Please feel kindly invited to edit on behalf of your community and tell us about your work on featured content! Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 19:10, 1 جولائی 2016 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=15542536 --> == Open call for Project Grants == [[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]] {{int:Please-translate}}: :Greetings! The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' from July 1st to August 2nd to fund new tools, research, offline outreach (including editathon series, workshops, etc), online organizing (including contests), and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers. :Whether you need a small or large amount of funds, Project Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space. :*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project/Apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab :*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help with your proposal''']] in an upcoming Hangout session :*'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]] :Also accepting candidates to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project/Quarterly/Committee|join the Project Grants Committee through July 15.]] :With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 20:25, 5 جولائی 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&oldid=15504704 --> == Compact Language Links enabled in this wiki today == {{int:Please-translate}} <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]] [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). Based on several factors, this shorter list of languages is expected to be more relevant for them and valuable for finding similar content in a language known to them. More information about compact language links can be found in [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|the documentation]]. From today onwards, compact language links has been enabled as the default listing of interlanguage links on this wiki. However, using the button at the bottom, you will be able to see a longer list of all the languages the article has been written in. The setting for this compact list can be changed by using the checkbox under ''User Preferences -> Appearance -> Languages'' The compact language links feature has been tested extensively by the Wikimedia Language team, which developed it. However, in case there are any problems or other feedback please let us know on the [[:mw:Talk:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project talk page]]. It is to be noted that on some wikis the presence of an existing older gadget that was used for a similar purpose may cause an interference for compact language list. We would like to bring this to the attention of the admins of this wiki. Full details are on [[phab:T131455|this phabricator ticket]] (in English). Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this announcement and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]])-08:03, 8 جولائی 2016 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Runab WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/ULS_Compact_Links/8_July&oldid=15749689 --> ==The visual editor will be enabled on this wiki in some days== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Hello again. Please excuse the English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' As per previous announcements in the past months, '''[[:mw:VisualEditor/Portal|the visual editor]] ({{int:visualeditor}}) will be enabled at this Wikipedia in some days. It allows people to edit articles as if they were using a typical word processor. Here's a quick explanation of what is going to happen''': you can find a more detailed one, with pictures, at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Single_edit_tab|mediawiki.org]]. [[File:VisualEditor and wikitext side-by-side.png|alt=Side by side screenshots, showing the visual appearance of both editing systems |center|frameless|757px]] ;What's changing? :In the new system, you get a <u>single edit tab which follows your preferences</u>, and that therefore will launch the wikitext editor or the visual editor depending on which one you opened the last (''{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-remember-last}}''). <br> This applies to everyone who edited recently, including anonymous users. ;How do I switch to the other editor then? :Buttons on the toolbars of both editors were added months ago so that you can switch from one to the other every time you want to, without losing your changes and without having to save first. <br>The button, located on the right side of the toolbar, looks like square brackets ('''<nowiki>[[ ]]</nowiki>''') in the visual editor, and like a pencil ([[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg|20px]]) in the wikitext editor. ;Are there other options available? :Yes. You can choose whether you want: * ''{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-ve}}'' (if you temporarily switch to the wikitext editor through the button on the toolbar, the system won't remember it; also, it only applies to namespaces where the visual editor is available). * ''{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-wt}}'' (if you temporarily switch to the visual editor through the button on the toolbar, the system won't remember it) * ''{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-multi-tab}}'' (a system in place at multiple wikis since 2013. You are familiar with this option if you have been using the visual editor here.) **''Please note: all the users will always have the opportunity to switch to the other editor via buttons on the toolbars, for occasional edits''. ;How do I set my preference? *If you want to try or to stay in the new system: you don't need to do anything. *If you had explicitly disabled the visual editor in the past and want to keep it disabled: you don't need to do anything. *All the registered users have a dropdown menu in the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|Editing tab of their Preferences]] ({{int:prefs-editing}} --> {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs}}), where they can choose from. <u>This only needs to be done once</u>. Don't forget to save ;) **<small>Users with the visual editor disabled need to re-enable it if they're interested in accessing that menu!</small> *People who use the visual editor regularly will see a pop-up <u>(only once after the single edit tab system is introduced)</u>, and they can choose their favorite setting there. Of course, they can change their mind at any time just like the others, and pick a different setting from their Preferences. **Anonymous users who have used the visual editor recently will also be able to choose which editor they want to edit with. **''Reminder: all the users will always have the opportunity to switch to the other editor via buttons on the toolbars, for occasional edits''. ;Final remarks *<mark>Please spread the word about this major change</mark> in any way that you deem appropriate for this community. Please note it will affect all the registered users at first, and after one week or so it will reach logged-out contributors as well if no major technical issues have arisen. *Please do let us know about any anomalies you think you're experiencing, and do post any other feedback here. I'd like to thank everyone who will walk an extra mile to make the transition easier for this community, and whoever will help me processing feedback in your language. *You can learn more about optimizing the visual editor experience here by [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/VE_as_the_main_editor|reading a guide on mediawiki.org]], which was recently rewritten. Thank you! --[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] ([[:mw:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|talk]]) 21:37, 3 اگست 2016 (PKT) </div> == Save/Publish == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> The [[:mw:Editing|Editing]] team is planning to change the name of the [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Savearticle “<bdi>{{int:Savearticle}}</bdi>”] button to [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishpage “'''<bdi>{{int:Publishpage}}</bdi>'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishchanges “'''<bdi>{{int:Publishchanges}}</bdi>'''”]. “<bdi>{{int:Publishpage}}</bdi>” will be used when you create a new page. “<bdi>{{int:Publishchanges}}</bdi>” will be used when you change an existing page. The names will be consistent in all editing environments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131132][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033] This change will probably happen during the week of 30 August 2016. The change will be announced in [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]] when it happens. If you are fluent in a language other than English, please check the status of translations at translatewiki.net for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishpage “'''<bdi>{{int:Publishpage}}</bdi>'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishchanges “'''<bdi>{{int:Publishchanges}}</bdi>'''”]. The main reason for this change is to avoid confusion for new editors. Repeated user research studies with new editors have shown that some new editors believed that [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Savearticle “<bdi>{{int:Savearticle}}</bdi>”] would save a private copy of a new page in their accounts, rather than permanently publishing their changes on the web. It is important for this part of the user interface to be clear, since it is difficult to remove public information after it is published. We believe that the confusion caused by the “<bdi>{{int:Savearticle}}</bdi>” button increases the workload for experienced editors, who have to clean up the information that people unintentionally disclose, and report it to the functionaries and stewards to suppress it. Clarifying what the button does will reduce this problem. Beyond that, the goal is to make all the wikis and languages more consistent, and some wikis made this change many years ago. The [[:m:Legal|Legal team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation supports this change. Making the edit interface easier to understand will make it easier to handle licensing and privacy questions that may arise. Any help pages or other basic documentation about how to edit pages will also need to be updated, on-wiki and elsewhere. On wiki pages, you can use the wikitext codes <code><nowiki>{{int:Publishpage}}</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>{{int:Publishchanges}}</nowiki></code> to display the new labels in the user's preferred language. For the language settings in [[Special:Preferences|your account preferences]], these wikitext codes produce “<bdi>{{int:Publishpage}}</bdi>” and “<bdi>{{int:Publishchanges}}</bdi>”. Please share this news with community members who teach new editors and with others who may be interested. </div> [[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 23:04, 9 اگست 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=15790914 --> ==The visual editor is now active here== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Hello again. This message is only available in English at this time: {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' <gallery mode="nolines" widths=300px> File:VisualEditor bi-directional switching pencil icon in wikitext.png|alt=The upper right corner of the wikitext editing toolbar, showing a pencil icon|thumb|In the wikitext editor, the pencil icon allows you to switch to the visual editor. File:VisualEditor toolbar Page options - Switch to wikitext - Save.png|alt=The toolbar in the visual editor, showing the square brackets icon next to the Save button.|thumb|In the visual editor, the <nowiki>[[ ]]</nowiki> (square brackets) icon allows you to switch to the wikitext editor. </gallery> As some of you have noticed, '''this Wikipedia now has [[:mw:VisualEditor/Portal|the visual editor]] ({{int:visualeditor}}) enabled for all registered users'''. The rollout to logged-out users will likely happen in a week or so. <mark>For an '''explanation of how the editing system now works and how to choose/go back to your favorite setting, please see my previous announcement above'''.</mark> If you wish to '''change your editing system preferences now, this can be done from [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|this link to your Preferences]] --> {{int:prefs-editing}} --> {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs}}'''. All edits using the visual editor will be tagged with "{{Int:tag-visualeditor}}" in recent changes, watchlists, and page histories. To access the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|User Guide for the visual editor]], click on the "(?)" icon in its toolbar. Please let us know if you find any problems. You can report issues directly in [[phab:|Phabricator, the new bug tracking system]] or on at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]]; by all means, feel free to also [[:mw:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|ping or contact me directly]] if you prefer. In case of emergency (like an unexpected bug causing widespread problems), please contact James Forrester, the product manager, at jforrester@wikimedia.org or on [[:m:IRC|IRC]] in the #mediawiki-visualeditor channel. Happy editing! Respectfully, [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 20:42, 10 اگست 2016 (PKT) PS: Are you seeing interface messages that are not in this wiki's language? Please fix this by providing translations [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&group=ext-visualeditor-0-all&filter=%21translated&action=translate here]. Translations may be also provided for the [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|user guide]]. Please contact me if you want guidance in contributing translations! </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ::Just a heads-up that rollout of the visual editor on this wiki is complete, as it is also available to logged-out editors now. Please refer to my previous messages for details. You can [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/VE_as_the_main_editor|read the "checklist"]] that is being written to help communities like yours in their process of adapting the visual editor to their customs and needs. Best, [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 21:08, 17 اگست 2016 (PKT)</div> == New Wikipedia Library accounts available now (August 2016) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|publisher donation program]]. You can now sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * '''[[w:de:Wikipedia:Nomos|Nomos]]''' &ndash; Primarily German-language publisher of law and social sciences books and journals - 25 accounts * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:World Scientific|World Scientific]]''' &ndash; Scientific, technical, and medical journals - 50 accounts * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Edinburgh University Press|Edinburgh University Press]]''' &ndash; Humanities and social sciences journals - 25 accounts * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychological Association|American Psychological Association]]''' &ndash; Psychology books and journals - 10 accounts * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Emerald|Emerald]]''' &ndash; Journals on a range of topics including business, education, health care, and engineering - 10 accounts Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:de:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 23:38, 30 اگست 2016 (PKT) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language! Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=15804509 --> == RevisionSlider == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> From September 13th on, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page, so that you can easily move between revisions. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work! </div> [[user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 20:08, 12 ستمبر 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=15903627 --> == Grants to improve your project == ''{{int:Please-translate}}:'' Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is currently accepting proposals for funding. There is just over a week left to submit before the October 11 deadline. If you have ideas for software, offline outreach, research, online community organizing, or other projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today! Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well. Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request. *'''[[:m:Grants:Project/Apply|Submit a grant request]]''' *'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:Project#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]] *'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[:m:Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]] [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) 01:11, 1 اکتوبر 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&oldid=15939807 --> == Creative Commons 4.0 == Hello! I'm writing from the Wikimedia Foundation to invite you to give your feedback on a proposed move from CC BY-SA 3.0 to a CC BY-SA 4.0 license across all Wikimedia projects. The consultation will run from October 5 to November 8, and we hope to receive a wide range of viewpoints and opinions. Please, if you are interested, [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0|take part in the discussion on Meta-Wiki]]. ''Apologies that this message is only in English. [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0/MassMessage|This message can be read and translated in more languages here]].'' [[User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) 06:35, 6 اکتوبر 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&oldid=15962252 --> ==Editing news n.3-2016== <div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''Sorry for the delay in delivering this newsletter!'' *'''[[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE|Change or add a community page where the next issue is delivered]]''' *'''[[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Sign up personally]]''' *'''[[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/Translators|Volunteer to provide translations in the future]]''' ''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2016/October|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?''' <div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can easily re-arrange columns and rows in the visual editor? [[File:VisualEditor table editing menu.png|alt=Screenshot showing a dropdown menu with options for editing the table structure|center|frameless|232x232px]] Select a cell in the column or row that you want to move. Click the arrow at the start of that row or column to open the dropdown menu (shown). Choose either "Move before" or "Move after" to move the column, or "Move above" or "Move below" to move the row. You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor. </div></div> Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has mainly worked on a new wikitext editor. They have also released some small features and the new map editing tool. Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]]. You can find links to the list of work finished each week at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]]. Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, releasing the 2017 wikitext editor as a [[mediawikiwiki:Beta_Features|beta feature]], and improving language support. === Recent changes === *You can now set text as small or big.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T53613] *Invisible templates have been shown as a puzzle icon. Now, the name of the invisible template is displayed next to the puzzle icon.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T141861] A similar feature will display the first part of hidden HTML comments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T147089] *Categories are displayed at the bottom of each page. If you click on the categories, the dialog for editing categories will open.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145267] *At many wikis, you can now add [[mediawikiwiki:Maps|maps]] to pages. Go to the Insert menu and choose the "Maps" item. The Discovery department is adding more features to this area, like geoshapes. You can read more at mediawiki.org.[https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Discovery#Maps] *The "Save" button now says "Save page" when you create a page, and "Save changes" when you change an existing page.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033] In the future, the "{{int:Savearticle}}" button will say "{{int:Publishpage}}". This will affect both the visual and wikitext editing systems. More [[:m:Editing/Publish|information is available on Meta]]. *Image galleries now use a visual mode for editing. You can see thumbnails of the images, add new files, remove unwanted images, rearrange the images by dragging and dropping, and add captions for each image. Use the "Options" tab to set the gallery's display mode, image sizes, and add a title for the gallery.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T45037] === Future changes === The visual editor will be offered to all editors at the remaining 10 [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|"Phase 6" Wikipedias]] during the next month. The developers want to know whether typing in your language feels natural in the visual editor. Please post your comments and the language(s) that you tested at [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|the feedback thread on mediawiki.org]]. This will affect several languages, including [[:w:th:|'''Thai''']], [[:w:my:|'''Burmese''']] and [[:w:arc:|'''Aramaic''']]. The team is working on a modern wikitext editor. The [[Mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] will look like the visual editor and be able to use the citoid service and other modern tools. This new editing system may become available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices in October 2016. You can read about this project in a [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Roadmap/Update_2016-06-23|general status update on the Wikimedia mailing list]]. === Let's work together === * Do you teach new editors how to use the visual editor? Did you help [[:mw:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|set up the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki]]? Have you written or imported [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for your most important citation templates? <mark>Would you be willing to help new editors and small communities with the visual editor? Please sign up for the new [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/Community Taskforce|'''VisualEditor Community Taskforce''']].</mark> *If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&action=edit&section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} —[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 01:49, 18 اکتوبر 2016 (PKT) </div> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (November 2016) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[:m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: *'''''[[:en:WP:Foreign Affairs|Foreign Affairs]]''''' - Journal of international relations and U.S. foreign policy *'''[[:en:WP:OpenEdition|OpenEdition]]''' - Journals in the social sciences and humanities *'''[[:en:WP:EDP Sciences|Édition Diffusion Presse Sciences]]''' - French and English language scientific journals *'''[[:en:WP:ASHA|ASHA]]''' - Speech–language–hearing journals *'''[[:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Tilastopaja|Tilastopaja]]''' - Athletics statistics '''Expansions''' *'''[[:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]]''' - Many new databases added *'''[[:en:WP:Taylor & Francis|Taylor & Francis]]''' - Strategic, Defence & Security Studies collection Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]]. Sign up today! <br>--[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 23:30, 1 نومبر 2016 (PKT) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[:m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=15939318 --> == Password reset == ''I apologise that this message is in English. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:Centralnotice-shared-help-translate}}]'' We are having a problem with attackers taking over wiki accounts with privileged user rights (for example, admins, bureaucrats, oversighters, checkusers). It appears that this may be because of weak or reused passwords. Community members are working along with members of multiple teams at the Wikimedia Foundation to address this issue. In the meantime, we ask that everyone takes a look at the passwords they have chosen for their wiki accounts. If you know that you've chosen a weak password, or if you've chosen a password that you are using somewhere else, please change those passwords. Select strong passwords – eight or more characters long, and containing letters, numbers, and punctuation. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) / [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) 05:00, 14 نومبر 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&oldid=16060701 --> == Adding to the above section (Password reset) == Please accept my apologies - that first line should read "[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&language=&action=page&filter= Help with translations!]". [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) / [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) 05:11, 14 نومبر 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&oldid=16060701 --> == New way to edit wikitext == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Summary''': There's a new opt-in Beta Feature of a [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|wikitext mode for the visual editor]]. Please [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|go try it out]]. We in the Wikimedia Foundation's Editing department are responsible for making editing better for all our editors, new and experienced alike. We've been slowly improving [[:mw:VisualEditor|the visual editor]] based on feedback, user tests, and feature requests. However, that doesn't work for all our user needs: whether you need to edit a wikitext talk page, create a template, or fix some broken reference syntax, sometimes you need to use wikitext, and many experienced editors prefer it. Consequently, we've planned a "wikitext mode" for the visual editor for a long time. It provides as much of the visual editor's features as possible, for those times that you need or want wikitext. It has the same user interface as the visual editor, including the same toolbar across the top with the same buttons. It provides access to the [[:mw:citoid|citoid service]] for formatting citations, integrated search options for inserting images, and the ability to add new templates in a simple dialog. Like in the visual editor, if you paste in formatted text copied from another page, then formatting (such as bolding) will automatically be converted into wikitext. All wikis now have access to this mode as a [[:mw:Beta Features|Beta Feature]]. When enabled, it replaces your existing [[:mw:Editor|wikitext editor]] everywhere. If you don't like it, you can reverse this at any time by turning off the Beta Feature in your preferences. We don't want to surprise anyone, so it's strictly an ''opt-in-only'' Beta Feature. It won't switch on automatically for anyone, even if you have previously checked the box to "{{Int:Betafeatures-auto-enroll}}". The new wikitext edit mode is based on the visual editor, so it requires JavaScript (as does the [[:mw:Extension:WikiEditor|current wikitext editor]]). It doesn't work with gadgets that have only been designed for the older one (and ''vice versa''), so some users will miss gadgets they find important. We're happy to [[:mw:VisualEditor/Gadgets|work with gadget authors to help them update their code to work]] with both editors. We're not planning to get rid of the current main wikitext editor on desktop in the foreseeable future. We're also not going to remove the existing ability to edit plain wikitext without JavaScript. Finally, though it should go without saying, if you prefer to continue using the current wikitext editor, then you may so do. This is an early version, and we'd love to know what you think so we can make it better. Please leave feedback about the new mode [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor/Feedback|on the feedback page]]. You may write comments in any language. Thank you. </div> [[:mw:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]] (Product Manager, Editing department, Wikimedia Foundation) --00:32, 15 دسمبر 2016 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=15942009 --> == Review of initial updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].'' The Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. For 15 years, Wikimedians have worked together to build the largest free knowledge resource in human history. During this time, we've grown from a small group of editors to a diverse network of editors, developers, affiliates, readers, donors, and partners. Today, we are more than a group of websites. We are a movement rooted in values and a powerful vision: all knowledge for all people. As a movement, we have an opportunity to decide where we go from here. This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve. We hope to design an inclusive process that makes space for everyone: editors, community leaders, affiliates, developers, readers, donors, technology platforms, institutional partners, and people we have yet to reach. There will be multiple ways to participate including on-wiki, in private spaces, and in-person meetings. You are warmly invited to join and make your voice heard. The immediate goal is to have a strategic direction by Wikimania 2017 to help frame a discussion on how we work together toward that strategic direction. Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Beginning with this message, monthly reviews of these updates will be sent to this page as well. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page. Here is a review of the updates that have been sent so far: * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/15 December 2016 - Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (15 December 2016) ** Introduction to process and information about budget spending resolution to support it * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/23 December 2016 - Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (23 December 2016) ** Start of search for Lead Architect for movement strategy process * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/8 January 2017 - Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (8 January 2017) ** Plans for strategy sessions at upcoming Wikimedia Conference 2017 * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/11 January 2017 - Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (11 January 2017) ** Introduction of williamsworks * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 February 2017 - Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 February 2017) ** The core movement strategy team, team tracks being developed, introduction of the Community Process Steering Committee, discussions at WikiIndaba conference 2017 and the Wikimedia movement affiliates executive directors gathering in Switzerland * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/10 February 2017 - Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (10 February 2017) ** Tracks A & B process prototypes and providing feedback, updates on development of all four Tracks More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]]. ''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 01:31, 16 فروری 2017 (PKT) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]'' </div> <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16297862 --> == Overview #2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].'' As we mentioned last month, the Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve. Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Each month, we are sending overviews of these updates to this page as well. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page. Here is a overview of the updates that have been sent since our message last month: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/16 February 2017 - Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (16 February 2017) ** Development of documentation for Tracks A & B * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/24 February 2017 - Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (24 February 2017) ** Introduction of Track Leads for all four audience tracks * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 March 2017 - Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 March 2017) ** Seeking feedback on documents being used to help facilitate upcoming community discussions More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]]. ''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 00:43, 10 مارچ 2017 (PKT) • [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]'' </div> <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16350625 --> == We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15) == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> : ''This message, "[[mailarchive:wikimediaannounce-l/2017-March/001383.html|We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15)]]", was sent through multiple channels by [[m:User:GVarnum-WMF|Gregory Varnum]] on 15 and 16 of March 2017 to village pumps, affiliate talk pages, movement mailing lists, and MassMessage groups. A similar message was sent by [[m:User:Nicole_Ebber_(WMDE)|Nicole Ebber]] to organized groups and their mailing lists on 15 of March 2017. This version of the message is available for translation and documentation purposes'' Dear Wikimedians/Wikipedians: Today we are starting a broad discussion to define Wikimedia's future role in the world and develop a collaborative strategy to fulfill that role. You are warmly invited to join the conversation. There are many ways to participate, by joining an existing conversation or starting your own: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Track_A|Track A (organized groups)]]: Discussions with your affiliate, committee or other organized group (these are groups that support the Wikimedia movement). Track B (individual contributors): [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Cycle_1|On Meta]] or your [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Participate|local language or project wiki]]. This is the first of three conversations, and it will run between now and April 15. The purpose of cycle 1 is to discuss the future of the movement and generate major themes around potential directions. What do we want to build or achieve together over the next 15 years? We welcome you, as we create this conversation together, and look forward to broad and diverse participation from all parts of our movement. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017|Find out more about the movement strategy process]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Toolkit/Discussion_Coordinator_Role|Learn more about volunteering to be a Discussion Coordinator]] Sincerely, Nicole Ebber (Track A Lead), Jaime Anstee (Track B Lead), & the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/People|engagement support teams]]</div></div> 10:10, 18 مارچ 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16453957 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Please accept our apologies for cross-posting this message. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].'' [[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|right|150px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017]] On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, I am pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2017/Board_of_Trustees/Call_for_candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Elections]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]] (Board) is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long-term sustainability of the Wikimedia Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection. More information about this role can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|on Meta-Wiki]]. Please read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Call for candidates|letter from the Board of Trustees calling for candidates]]. '''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last from April 7 (00:00 UTC) to April 20 (23:59 UTC).''' '''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates from April 7 to April 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].''' Once the questions submission period has ended on April 20, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to beginning on April 21. The goal of this process is to fill the '''three community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. The election results will be used by the Board itself to select its new members. The full schedule for the Board elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last. * April 7 (00:00 UTC) – April 20 (23:59 UTC) – '''Board nominations''' * April 7 – April 20 – '''Board candidates questions submission period''' * April 21 – April 30 – '''Board candidates answer questions''' * May 1 – May 14 – '''Board voting period''' * May 15–19 – '''Board vote checking''' * May 20 – '''Board result announcement goal''' In addition to the Board elections, we will also soon be holding elections for the following roles: * '''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)''' ** There are five positions being filled. More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|on Meta-Wiki]]. * '''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson (Ombuds)''' ** One position is being filled. More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|on Meta-Wiki]]. Please note that this year the Board of Trustees elections will be held before the FDC and Ombuds elections. Candidates who are not elected to the Board are explicitly permitted and encouraged to submit themselves as candidates to the FDC or Ombuds positions after the results of the Board elections are announced. More information on this year's elections can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|on Meta-Wiki]]. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|election talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, <tt dir="ltr" style="white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5">board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org</tt>. On behalf of the Election Committee,<br /> [[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]<br /> [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation ''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 08:37, 7 اپریل 2017 (PKT) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''</div> <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16441214 --> == Read-only mode for 20 to 30 minutes on 19 April and 3 May == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|Read this message in another language]] • {{int:please-translate}} The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data center in Dallas. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test. This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 19 April 2017'''. On '''Wednesday, 3 May 2017''', they will switch back to the primary data center. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for approximately 20 to 30 minutes on Wednesday, 19 April and Wednesday, 3 May. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170419T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 20 April and Thursday 4 May). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the weeks of 17 April 2017 and 1 May 2017. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2017 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. '''Please share this information with your community.''' /<span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])</span> </div></div>[[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) 22:33, 11 اپریل 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16545942 --> == Wikidata description editing in the Wikipedia Android app == <div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|Wikidata description editing]] is a new experiment being rolled out on the Wikipedia app for Android. While this primarily impacts Wikidata, the changes are also addressing a concern about the mobile versions of Wikipedia, so that mobile users will be able to edit directly the descriptions shown under the title of the page and in the search results. We began by rolling out this feature several weeks ago to a pilot group of Wikipedias (Russian, Hebrew, and Catalan), and have seen very positive [[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions/Research|results]] including numerous quality contributions in the form of new and updated descriptions, and a low rate of vandalism. We are now ready for the next phase of rolling out this feature, which is to enable it in a few days for all Wikipedias except the top ten by usage within the app (i.e. except English, German, Italian, French, Spanish, Japanese, Dutch, Portuguese, Turkish, and Chinese). We will enable the feature for those languages instead at some point in the future, as we closely monitor user engagement with our expanded set of pilot communities. As always, if have any concerns, please reach out to us on wiki at [[:mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|the talk page for this project]] or by email at reading@wikimedia.org. Thanks! -[[:mw:User:DBrant (WMF)|DBrant (WMF)]] 13:41, 14 اپریل 2017 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Wikidata_editing&oldid=16580284 --> == New Page previews feature == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> New Page previews feature [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:CKoerner (WMF)/Enable Hovercards/Phase 1|Read this message in another language]] • {{int:please-translate}} Hello, The Reading web team at the Wikimedia Foundation has been working to enable [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards|Page previews]], [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|a beta feature]] known previously as Hovercards, as opt-in behavior for logged-in users and the default behavior for logged-out users across Wikipedia projects. Page previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. For this project, we are expecting to collect feedback over the following few weeks and tentatively enable the feature in early May, 2017. A quick note on the implementation: * For logged-in users who are not currently testing out the beta feature, Page previews will be off by default. Users may turn them on from [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|their user preferences]] page. * For logged-out users, the feature will be on by default. Users may disable it at any time by selecting the setting cog available in each preview. * For users of the Navigation popups gadget, you will not be able to turn on the Page previews feature while using navigational popups. If you would like to try out the Page preview feature, make sure to first turn Navigation popups off prior to turning Page previews on. You can read more about [[mw:Beta_Features/Hovercards|the feature]] and [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards#Success Metrics and Feature Evaluation|the tests we used to evaluate performance]], try it out by enabling it from the beta features page, and leave feedback or questions [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]]. Thank you, [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) 21:52, 19 اپریل 2017 (PKT) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Enable_Hovercards/Phase_1/Distribution_list&oldid=16616381 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2017) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychiatric Association|American Psychiatric Association]]''' – Psychiatry books and journals * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Bloomsbury|Bloomsbury]]''' – ''Who's Who'', Drama Online, Berg Fashion Library, and ''Whitaker's'' * '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Gaudeamus|Gaudeamus]]''' – Finnish humanities and social sciences * '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Ympäristö-lehti|Ympäristö-lehti]]''' – The Finnish Environment Institute's ''Ympäristö-lehti'' magazine '''Expansions''' * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Gale|Gale]]''' – Biography In Context database added * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Adam Matthew|Adam Matthew]]''' – all 53 databases now available Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Taylor & Francis|Taylor & Francis]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 23:52, 2 مئی 2017 (PKT) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:AVasanth_(WMF)|Aaron]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=16557812 --> == [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun in 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun]]''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2017 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''. The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons. The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 1 to 23:59 UTC May 14. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|2017 Board of Trustees election page]] on Meta-Wiki. On behalf of the Elections Committee,<br/> [[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]<br/> [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation ''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]</div> 00:14, 4 مئی 2017 (PKT)'' <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16683836 --> == Beta Feature Two Column Edit Conflict View == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> From May 9, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two_Column_Edit_Conflict_View|Two Column Edit Conflict View]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] on all wikis. The Two Column Edit Conflict View is a new interface for the edit conflict resolution page. It highlights differences between the editor's and the conflicting changes to make it easy to copy and paste pieces of the text and resolve the conflict. The feature fulfils a request for a more user-friendly edit conflict resolution from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well! </div> [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 19:41, 8 مئی 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=16712264 --> == Editing News #1—2017 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2017/May|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?''' <div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can review your changes visually? [[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - visual diff.png|alt=Screenshot showing some changes to an article. Most changes are highlighted with text formatting.|center|frameless|245x245px]]When you are finished editing the page, type your edit summary and then choose "{{Int:visualeditor-savedialog-label-review}}". In visual mode, you will see additions, removals, new links, and formatting highlighted. Other changes, such as changing the size of an image, are described in notes on the side. [[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - toggle button.png|alt=Toggle button showing visual and wikitext options; visual option is selected.|center|frameless|220x220px]] Click the toggle button to switch between visual and wikitext diffs. [[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - wikitext diff.png|alt=Screenshot showing the same changes, in the two-column wikitext diff display.|center|frameless|245x245px]] The wikitext diff is the same diff tool that is used in the wikitext editors and in the page history. You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor. </div></div> Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has spent most of their time supporting [[:mediawikiwiki:2017_wikitext_editor|the 2017 wikitext editor mode]] which is available inside the visual editor as a Beta Feature, and adding [[:mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Diffs|the new visual diff tool]]. Their workboard is available [[:phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]]. You can find links to the work finished each week at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]]. Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, supporting the 2017 wikitext editor as a [[:mw:Beta Features|beta feature]], and improving the visual diff tool. === Recent changes === *A '''new wikitext editing mode''' is available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices. The [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] has the same toolbar as the visual editor and can use the citoid service and other modern tools. Go to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures]] to enable the {{Int:Visualeditor-preference-newwikitexteditor-label}}. * A new '''[[:mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]]''' is available in VisualEditor's visual mode. You can toggle between wikitext and visual diffs. More features will be added to this later. In the future, this tool may be integrated into other MediaWiki components. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T143350] * The team have added [[:mediawikiwiki:Editing/Projects/Columns_for_references|multi-column support for lists of footnotes]]. The <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code> block can automatically display long lists of references in columns on wide screens. This makes footnotes easier to read. You can [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Cite,VisualEditor,Wikimedia-Site-requests&title=Convert%20reference%20lists%20over%20to%20`responsive`%20on%20XXwiki&priority=10&parent=159895 '''request multi-column support'''] for your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33597] * You can now use your web browser's function to switch typing direction in the new wikitext mode. This is particularly helpful for RTL language users like Urdu or Hebrew who have to write JavaScript or CSS. You can use Command+Shift+X or Control+Shift+X to trigger this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153356] * The way to switch between the visual editing mode and the wikitext editing mode is now consistent. There is a drop-down menu that shows the two options. This is now the same in desktop and mobile web editing, and inside things that embed editing, such as Flow. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116417] * The {{Int:visualeditor-categories-tool}} item has been moved to the top of the {{Int:visualeditor-pagemenu-tooltip}} menu (from clicking on the "hamburger" icon) for quicker access. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T74399] There is also now a "Templates used on this page" feature there. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T149009] * You can now create <code><nowiki><chem></nowiki></code> tags (sometimes used as <code><nowiki><ce></nowiki></code>) for chemical formulas inside the visual editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153365] * Tables can be set as collapsed or un-collapsed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T157989] * The {{Int:visualeditor-specialcharacter-button-tooltip}} menu now includes characters for Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics and angle quotation marks (‹› and ⟨⟩) . The team thanks the volunteer developer, [[:S:en:User:Tpt|Tpt]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108626] * A bug caused some section edit conflicts to blank the rest of the page. This has been fixed. The team are sorry for the disruption. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T154217] * There is a new keyboard shortcut for citations: <code>Control</code>+<code>Shift</code>+<code>K</code> on a PC, or <code>Command</code>+<code>Shift</code>+<code>K</code> on a Mac. It is based on the keyboard shortcut for making links, which is <code>Control</code>+<code>K</code> or <code>Command</code>+<code>K</code> respectively. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T99299] === Future changes === * The team is working on a syntax highlighting tool. It will highlight matching pairs of <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code> tags and other types of wikitext syntax. You will be able to turn it on and off. It will first become available in VisualEditor's built-in wikitext mode, maybe late in 2017. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T101246] * The kind of button used to {{Int:Showpreview}}, {{Int:showdiff}}, and finish an edit will change in all WMF-supported wikitext editors. The new buttons will use [[Mw:OOjs UI|OOjs UI]]. The buttons will be larger, brighter, and easier to read. The labels will remain the same. You can test the new button by editing a page and adding <code>&ooui=1</code> to the end of the URL, like this: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=edit&ooui=1 The old appearance will no longer be possible, even with local CSS changes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T162849] * The [[:mediawikiwiki:File:Edit_toolbar_-_2.png|outdated 2006 wikitext editor]] will be removed later this year. It is used by approximately 0.03% of active editors. See [[:mw:Editor|a list of editing tools on mediawiki.org]] if you are uncertain which one you use. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T30856] *If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&action=edit&section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} —[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] </div> 23:05, 12 مئی 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=16160401 --> == Prototype for editing Wikidata infoboxes on Wikipedia == Hello, I’m sorry for writing in English. It’d be great if someone could translate this message if necessary. One of the most requested features for Wikidata is to enable editing of Wikidata’s data directly from Wikipedia, so the editors can continue their workflow without switching websites. The Wikidata development team has been working on a tool to achieve this goal: '''fill and edit the Wikipedia infoboxes with information from Wikidata, directly on Wikipedia''', via the Visual Editor. We already [[d:Wikidata:Client editing input|asked for feedback in 2015]], and collected some interesting ideas which we [[:File:Facilitating_the_use_of_Wikidata_in_Wikimedia_projects_with_a_user-centered_design_approach.pdf|shared with you in this thesis]]. Now we would like to present to you our first prototype and collect your feedback, in order to improve and continue the development of this feature. We present this work to you very early, so we can include your feedback before and all along the development. You are the core users of this feature, so we want to make sure that it fits your needs and editing processes. You will find the prototype, description of the features, and a demo video, '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Client editing prototype|on this page]]'''. Feel free to add any comment or feedback on the talk page. The page is currently not translated in every languages, but you can add your contribution by helping to translate it. Unfortunately, I won’t be able to follow all the discussions on Wikipedia, so if you want to be sure that your feedback is read, please add it on the Wikidata page, in your favorite language. Thanks for your understanding. Thanks, [[user:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/List_Wikipedias&oldid=16766491 --> == RevisionSlider == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a default feature for all users on all wikis from May 17. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page so that you can easily move between revisions. The slider view is collapsed by default, and will load by clicking on it. It can also be turned off entirely in the user preferences. RevisionSlider has been a default feature on German, Arabic and Hebrew Wikipedia for 6 months and a beta feature on all wikis for 8 months. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Thanks to everyone who tested RevisionSlider and gave valuable feedback to improve the feature! We hope that RevisionSlider will continue to serve you well in your work. </div> [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 19:44, 16 مئی 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=16715712 --> ==کھوار ویکپیڈیا کے لیے تکنیکی مدد == محترم جناب، السلام علیکم، آپ اردو ویکیپیڈیا پر بہت ہی اچھا اور معیاری کام کررہے ہیں اللہ آپ کو اجر عطا فرمائے کہ آپ اردو زبان کے ویکیپیڈیا کو ایک عالمی انسائکلوپیڈیا بنانے کی جدوجہد میں شریک ہیں. جیسا کہ آپ کو پتہ ہے کہ شمالی علاقہ جات، سوات، ضلع چترال، ہندوستان، افغانستان اور سنکیانگ چین میں بولی جانے والی زبان کھوار میں راقم الحروف نے ویکیپیڈیا تخلیق کیا ہے اور تمام ترجمے کا کام مکمل ہوچکا ہے لیکن کھوار ویکیپیڈیا کو تکنیکی مسائل کا سامنا ہے جیسے ماڈیول، سانچہ جات، ابواب اور دیگر مشکل اور ٹیکنیکل کام کو آگے بڑہانے میں کھوار ویکیپیڈیا کو آپ کی مدد کی ضرروت ہے مجھے معلوم ہے کہ آپ کھوار زبان میں مضموں نہیں لکھ سکتے لیکن ماڈیول، سانچہ جات، ابواب زمرہ جات اور انٹرویکی لنکس بنانے میں ہمارے ساتھ تعاون کرسکتے ہیں، تاکہ جب کھوار زبان کی تاریخ لکھی جائے گی تو اس میں آپ کی کھوار کے لیے تکنیکی کام اور خدمات کو بھی شامل کیا جاسکے، آپ کھوار ویکیپیڈیا کا صفحہ اول یہاں[[https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/khw/%D8%A2%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%DB%81]] پر دیکھ سکتے ہیں امید ہے کہ آپ اردو ویکیپڈیا کی طرح روزانہ کھوار ویکیپڈیا میں بھی اپنی خدمات سے اہل کھوار کو بھی مستفید کرکے شکریہ کا موقع دیں گے،ہمیں کھوار ویکیپیڈیا کے لیے آپ کی مندرجہ زیل تکنیکی کام میں مدد کی ضرورت ہے:- ؔ۱۔ ماڈیول بنانا ۲۔ سانچے بنانا ۳۔ مضامین میں انٹرویکی لنکس کا اندراج ۴۔ ابواب بنانا ۵۔ انفوباکس بنانا ۶۔ ناوباکس بنانا ۷۔ سانچہ جات اور ماڈیول سے اغلاط کی درستگی ۸۔ مزیددیگر انتظامی کام وغیرہ آپ کا بہت بہت شکریہ --[[User_talk:Rachitrali|Rehmat Aziz Chitrali]] 14:38, 18 مئی 2017 (PKT) == Accessible editing buttons == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">The MediaWiki developers have been slowly improving the accessibility of the user interface. The next step in this transition will change the appearance of some buttons and may break some outdated (non-updated or unmaintained) user scripts and gadgets. You can see and use the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&ooui=0 old] and [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&ooui=1 new] versions now. Most editors will only notice that some buttons are slightly larger and have different colors. <gallery mode="nolines" caption="Comparison of old and new styles" heights="240" widths="572"> File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, before.png|Buttons before the change File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, after.png|Buttons after the change </gallery> However, this change also affects some user scripts and gadgets. Unfortunately, some of them may not work well in the new system. <mark>If you maintain any user scripts or gadgets that are used for editing, please see '''[[:mw:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]]''' for information on how to test and fix your scripts. Outdated scripts can be tested and fixed now.</mark> This change will probably reach this wiki on '''Tuesday, 18 July 2017'''. Please leave a note at [[:mw:Talk:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]] if you need help.</div> [[:m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 03:22, 11 جولائی 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=16980876 --> == Page Previews (Hovercards) update == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello, A quick update on the progress of enabling [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]] (previously named Hovercards) on this project. Page Previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. As mentioned in December we're preparing to remove the feature from Beta and make it the default behavior for logged-out users. We have recently made a large update to the code which fixes most outstanding bugs. Due to some issues with our instrumentation, we delayed our deployment by a few months. We are finally ready to deploy the feature. Page Previews will be off by default and available in the user preferences page for logged-in users the week of July 24th. The feature will be on by default for current beta users and logged-out users. If you would like to preview the feature, you can enable it as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]. For more information see [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]]. Questions can be left [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]] in your preferred language. Thank you again. </div>[[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 03:33, 21 جولائی 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Enable_Hovercards/Reminder/Distribution_list&oldid=17019707 --> == RfC regarding "Interlinking of accounts involved with paid editing to decrease impersonation" == There is currently a RfC open on Meta regarding "[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation requiring those involved with paid editing on Wikipedia to link on their user page to all other active accounts through which they advertise paid Wikipedia editing business.]" Note this is to apply to Wikipedia and not necessarily other sister projects, this is only to apply to websites where people are specifically advertising that they will edit Wikipedia for pay and not any other personal, professional, or social media accounts a person may have. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation Please comment on meta]. Thanks. Send on behalf of [[User:Doc James]]. [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) 02:06, 18 ستمبر 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedias&oldid=17234819 --> == Discussion on synced reading lists == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Discussion on synced reading lists''' Hello, [[File:Illustration of Reading List feature on Android Wikipedia App (not logged in).png|thumb]] The Reading Infrastructure team at the Wikimedia Foundation is developing a cross-platform reading list service for the mobile Wikipedia app. Reading lists are like bookmark folders in your web browser. They allow readers using the Wikipedia app to bookmark pages into folders to read later. This includes reading offline. Reading lists do not create or alter content in any way. To create Reading Lists, app users will register an account and marked pages will be tied to that account. Reading List account preferences sync between devices. You can read the same pages on different mobile platforms (tablets, phones). This is the first time we are syncing preference data between devices in such a way. We want to hear and address concerns about privacy and data security. We also want to explain why the current watchlist system is not being adapted for this purpose. === Background === In 2016 the Android team replaced the simple Saved Pages feature with Reading Lists. Reading Lists allow users to bookmark pages into folders and for reading offline. The intent of this feature was to allow "syncing" of these lists for users with many devices. Due to overlap with the Gather feature and related community concerns, this part was put on hold. The Android team has identified this lack of synching as a major area of complaint from users. They expect lists to sync. The iOS team has held off implementing Reading Lists, as syncing was seen as a "must have" for this feature. A recent [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T164990 technical RfC] has allowed these user stories and needs to be unblocked. Initially for Android, then iOS, and with web to potentially follow. Reading lists are private, stored as part of a user's account, not as a public wiki page. There is no sharing or publishing ability for reading lists. No planned work to make these public. The target audience are people that read Wikipedia and want to bookmark and organize that content in the app. There is a potential for the feature to be available on the web in the future. === Why not watchlists === Watchlists offer similar functionality to Reading Lists. The Reading Infrastructure team evaluated watchlist infrastructure before exploring other options. In general, the needs of watchlists differ from Reading Lists in a few key ways: * Reading lists focus on Reading articles, not the monitoring of changes. * Watchlists are focused on monitoring changes of pages/revisions. ** The Watchlist infrastructure is key to our contributor community for monitoring content changes manually and through the use of automated tools (bots). Because of these needs, expanding the scope of Watchlists to reading purposes will only make the project harder to maintain and add more constraints. * By keeping the projects separate it is easier to scale resources. We can serve these two different audiences and prioritize the work accordingly. Reading Lists are, by their nature, less critical to the health of Wikipedia/MediaWiki. * Multi-project support. Reading Lists are by design cross-wiki/project. Watchlists are tied to specific wikis. While there have been many discussion for making them cross-wiki, resolution is not in the near term. [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Synced Reading Lists|More information can be found on MediaWiki.org]] where feedback and ideas are welcome. Thank you </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 01:35, 21 ستمبر 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=16981815 --> == Changes to the global ban policy == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Hello. Some changes to the [[m:Global bans|community global ban policy]] have been proposed. Your comments are welcome at [[:m:Requests for comment/Improvement of global ban policy]]. Please translate this message to your language, if needed. Cordially. [[:m:User:Matiia|Matiia]] ([[:m:User talk:Matiia|Matiia]]) 05:34, 12 نومبر 2017 (PKT)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Matiia@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=17241561 --> == New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers''' The Readers web team will be deploying a new feature this week to make it [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|easier to download PDF versions of articles on the mobile website]]. Providing better offline functionality was one of the highlighted areas from [[m:New_Readers/Offline|the research done by the New Readers team in Mexico, Nigeria, and India]]. The teams created a prototype for mobile PDFs which was evaluated by user research and community feedback. The [[m:New_Readers/Offline#Concept_testing_for_mobile_web|prototype evaluation]] received positive feedback and results, so development continued. For the initial deployment, the feature will be available to Google Chrome browsers on Android. Support for other mobile browsers to come in the future. For Chrome, the feature will use the native Android print functionality. Users can choose to download a webpage as a PDF. [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Print_Styles#Mobile_Printing|Mobile print styles]] will be used for these PDFs to ensure optimal readability for smaller screens. The feature is available starting Wednesday, Nov 15. For more information, see [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|the project page on MediaWiki.org]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 03:07, 21 نومبر 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Mobile_PDF_distribution_list&oldid=17448927 --> == Call for Wikimania 2018 Scholarships == Hi all, We wanted to inform you that scholarship applications for [[:wm2018:Wikimania 2018|Wikimania 2018]] which is being held in Cape Town, South Africa on July 18–22, 2018 are now being accepted. '''Applications are open until Monday, 22 January 2018 23:59 UTC.''' Applicants will be able to apply for a partial or full scholarship. A full scholarship will cover the cost of an individual's round-trip travel, shared accommodation, and conference registration fees as arranged by the Wikimedia Foundation. A partial scholarship will cover conference registration fees and shared accommodation. Applicants will be rated using a pre-determined selection process and selection criteria established by the Scholarship Committee and the Wikimedia Foundation, who will determine which applications are successful. To learn more about Wikimania 2018 scholarships, please visit: [[:wm2018:Scholarships]]. To apply for a scholarship, fill out the multi-language application form on: '''https://scholarships.wikimedia.org/apply''' It is highly recommended that applicants review all the material on the Scholarships page and [[:wm2018:Scholarships/FAQ|the associated FAQ]] before submitting an application. If you have any questions, please contact: wikimania-scholarships at wikimedia.org or leave a message at: [[:wm2018:Talk:Scholarships]]. Please help us spread the word and translate pages! Best regards, [[:m:User:Slashme|David Richfield]] and [[:m:DerHexer|Martin Rulsch]] for the [[:wm2018:Scholarship Committee|Scholarship Committee]] 00:24, 21 دسمبر 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:DerHexer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=17300722 --> == User group for Military Historians == Greetings, "Military history" is one of the most important subjects when speak of sum of all human knowledge. To support contributors interested in the area over various language Wikipedias, we intend to form a user group. It also provides a platform to share the best practices between military historians, and various military related projects on Wikipedias. An initial discussion was has been done between the coordinators and members of WikiProject Military History on English Wikipedia. Now this discussion has been taken to Meta-Wiki. Contributors intrested in the area of military history are requested to share their feedback and give suggestions at [[:m:Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians|Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians]]. [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) 15:46, 21 دسمبر 2017 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Krishna Chaitanya Velaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=17565441 --> == Editing News #1—2018 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/February|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]] '''Did you know?'''<div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]] on any page? [[File:Wikitext diff paragraph move correcting vandalism 2018.png|alt=Screenshot showing some changes, in the two-column wikitext diff display|center|frameless|250px]] Sometimes, it is hard to see important changes in a wikitext diff. This screenshot of a wikitext diff (click to enlarge) shows that the paragraphs have been rearranged, but it does not highlight the removal of a word or the addition of a new sentence. If you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable the Beta Feature]] for "{{Int:visualeditor-preference-visualdiffpage-label}}", you will have a new option. It will give you a new box at the top of every diff page. This box will let you choose either diff system on any edit. [[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - toggle button.png|alt=Toggle button showing visual and wikitext options; visual option is selected|center|frameless|200px]] Click the toggle button to switch between visual and wikitext diffs. In the visual diff, additions, removals, new links, and formatting changes will be highlighted. Other changes, such as changing the size of an image, are described in notes on the side. [[File:Visual diff paragraph move correcting vandalism 2018.png|alt=Screenshot showing the same changes to an article. Most changes are highlighted with text formatting.|center|frameless|250px]] This screenshot shows the same edit as the wikitext diff. The visual diff highlights the removal of one word and the addition of a new sentence. You can read and help translate [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor. </div></div> Since [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2017/May|the last newsletter]], the [[mw:Editing|Editing Team]] has spent most of their time supporting [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|the 2017 wikitext editor mode]], which is available inside the visual editor as a Beta Feature, and improving [[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|the visual diff tool]]. Their work board is available [[phab:project/view/3236/|in Phabricator]]. You can find links to the work finished each week at [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]]. Their [[mw:Editing team/Current priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, supporting the 2017 wikitext editor, and improving the visual diff tool. ===Recent changes=== *The '''[[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]]''' is [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|available as a Beta Feature]] on desktop devices. It has the same toolbar as the visual editor and can use the citoid service and other modern tools. The team have been comparing the performance of different editing environments. They have studied how long it takes to open the page and start typing. The study uses data for more than one million edits during December and January. Some changes have been made to improve the speed of the 2017 wikitext editor and the visual editor. Recently, the 2017 wikitext editor opened fastest for most edits, and the 2010 WikiEditor was fastest for some edits. More information will be posted at [[mw:Contributors/Projects/Editing performance]]. *The '''[[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]]''' was developed for the visual editor. It is now available to all users of the visual editor and the 2017 wikitext editor. When you review your changes, you can toggle between wikitext and visual diffs. You can also [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable the new Beta Feature]] for "Visual diffs". The Beta Feature lets you use the visual diff tool to view other people's edits on page histories and [[Special:RecentChanges]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T167508] *[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|'''Wikitext syntax highlighting''']] is available as a Beta Feature for both [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|the 2017 wikitext editor]] and the 2010 wikitext editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T101246] *The [[mw:Citoid|citoid service]] automatically translates URLs, DOIs, ISBNs, and PubMed id numbers into wikitext citation templates. It is very popular and useful to editors, although it can be a bit tricky to set up. <mark>Your wiki can have this service. Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|read the instructions]]. You can [[phab:T127354|ask the team to help you enable citoid at your wiki]]</mark>. ===Let's work together=== *The team will talk about editing tools at an upcoming [[m:Wikimedia Foundation metrics and activities meetings|Wikimedia Foundation metrics and activities meeting]]. *Wikibooks, Wikiversity, and other communities may have the visual editor made available by default to contributors. If your community wants this, then please contact [[mw:User talk:Deskana (WMF)|Dan Garry]]. *The <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code> block can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Projects/Columns for references|automatically display long lists of references in columns]] on wide screens. This makes footnotes easier to read. You can [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Cite,VisualEditor,Wikimedia-Site-requests&title=Convert%20reference%20lists%20over%20to%20`responsive`%20on%20XXwiki&priority=10&parent=159895 '''request multi-column support'''] for your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33597] *If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&action=edit&section=new contact us] directly. We will notify you when the next issue is ready for translation. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} —[[mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] </div> 01:56, 3 مارچ 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=17790200 --> == AdvancedSearch == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> From May 8, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|AdvancedSearch]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The feature enhances the [[Special:Search|search page]] through an advanced parameters form and aims to make [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch/Functional_scope|existing search options]] more visible and accessible for everyone. AdvancedSearch is a project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/AdvancedSearch|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work! </div> [[m:User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 19:53, 7 مئی 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=17995461 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2018) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to research and tools as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/69/ Rock's Backpages]''' – Music articles and interviews from the 1950s onwards - 50 accounts * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/68/ Invaluable]''' – Database of more than 50 million auctions and over 500,000 artists - 15 accounts * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/70/ Termsoup]''' – Translation tool '''Expansions''' * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/43/ Fold3]''' – Available content has more than doubled, now including new military collections from the UK, Australia, and New Zealand. * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/52/ Oxford University Press]''' – The Scholarship collection now includes [http://www.e-enlightenment.com/ Electronic Enlightenment] * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/60/ Alexander Street Press]''' – [https://alexanderstreet.com/products/women-and-social-movements-library Women and Social Movements Library] now available * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/58/ Cambridge University Press]''' – [http://orlando.cambridge.org/ Orlando Collection] now available Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/41/ Loeb Classical Library], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 23:03, 30 مئی 2018 (PKT) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=18064061 --> == Tidy to RemexHtml == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> The [[:mw:Parsing|Parsing]] team will be [[:mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|replacing Tidy with RemexHtml]] at this wiki on 5 July 2018. Some pages at this wiki use outdated HTML. This change may change the appearance of those pages. [[Special:LintErrors]] has a complete list of affected pages. Read [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-June/001867.html this e-mail message] for more information. Read the instructions at [[:mw:Help:Extension:Linter]]. You can ask questions at [[:mw:Talk:Parsing/Replacing Tidy]]. Thank you for helping fix these problems. </div> [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]] 19:38, 2 جولائی 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Editing/Parsing_change&oldid=18129171 --> == Global preferences are available == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Global preferences are now available, you can set them by visiting your new [[Special:GlobalPreferences|global preferences page]]. Visit [[mw:Help:Extension:GlobalPreferences|mediawiki.org for information on how to use them]] and [[mw:Help talk:Extension:GlobalPreferences|leave feedback]]. -- [[User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 00:19, 11 جولائی 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=17968247 --> == New user group for editing sitewide CSS / JS == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''({{int:please-translate}})'' Hi all! To improve the security of our readers and editors, permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed. (These are pages like <code dir="ltr">MediaWiki:Common.css</code> and <code dir="ltr">MediaWiki:Vector.js</code> which contain code that is executed in the browsers of users of the site.) A new user group, <code dir="ltr">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]</code>, has been created. Starting four weeks from now, only members of this group will be able edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with <code dir="ltr">.css</code> or <code dir="ltr">.js</code> that is either in the <code dir="ltr">MediaWiki:</code> namespace or is another user's user subpage). You can learn more about the motivation behind the change [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|here]]. Please add users who need to edit CSS/JS to the new group (this can be done the same way new administrators are added, by stewards or local bureaucrats). This is a dangerous permission; a malicious user or a hacker taking over the account of a careless interface-admin can abuse it in far worse ways than admin permissions could be abused. Please only assign it to users who need it, who are trusted by the community, and who follow common basic password and computer security practices (use strong passwords, do not reuse passwords, use two-factor authentication if possible, do not install software of questionable origin on your machine, use antivirus software if that's a standard thing in your environment). Thanks! <br/><span dir="ltr">[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 22:45, 30 جولائی 2018 (PKT) <small>(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])</small></span> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tgr@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tgr/massmessage-T139380-ifadmin&oldid=18255968 --> == Editing of sitewide CSS/JS is only possible for interface administrators from now == ''({{int:please-translate}})'' <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi all, as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS/announcement 2|announced previously]], permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed: only members of the <code>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]</code> ({{int:group-interface-admin}}) group, and a few highly privileged global groups such as stewards, can edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with .css or .js that is either in the MediaWiki: namespace or is another user's user subpage). This is done to improve the security of readers and editors of Wikimedia projects. More information is available at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS]]. If you encounter any unexpected problems, please contact me or file a bug. Thanks!<br /> [[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 17:40, 27 اگست 2018 (PKT) <small>(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tgr@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18258712 --> == Read-only mode for up to an hour on 12 September and 10 October == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|Read this message in another language]] • {{int:please-translate}} The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 12 September 2018'''. On '''Wednesday, 10 October 2018''', they will switch back to the primary data center. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop when we switch. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Wednesday, 12 September and Wednesday, 10 October. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170503T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 13 September and Thursday 11 October). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the weeks of 10 September 2018 and 8 October 2018. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. '''Please share this information with your community.''' /<span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan(WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Johan (WMF)|talk]])</span> </div></div> 18:33, 6 ستمبر 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18333489 --> == The Community Wishlist Survey == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> The Community Wishlist Survey. {{Int:Please-translate}}. Hey everyone, The Community Wishlist Survey is the process when the Wikimedia communities decide what the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] should work on over the next year. The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. You can post technical proposals from now until 11 November. The communities will vote on the proposals between 16 November and 30 November. You can read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|wishlist survey page]]. <span dir=ltr>/[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan (WMF)]]</span></div></div> 16:06, 30 اکتوبر 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18458512 --> == Editing News #2—2018 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/October|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]] '''Did you know?''' <div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can use the visual editor on a mobile device? [[File:Mobile editing watchlist star editing pencil.png|alt=Screenshot showing the location of the pencil icon|center|frameless|250px]] Tap on the pencil icon to start editing. The page will probably open in the wikitext editor. You will see another pencil icon in the toolbar. Tap on that pencil icon to the switch between visual editing and wikitext editing. [[File:Visual editing mobile switch wikitext.png|alt=Toolbar with menu opened|center|frameless|250px]] Remember to publish your changes when you're done. You can read and help translate [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.</div></div> Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:Editing|Editing Team]] has wrapped up most of their work on the [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] and [[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|the visual diff tool]]. The team has begun investigating the needs of editors who use mobile devices. Their work board is available [[phab:project/view/3236/|in Phabricator]]. Their [[mw:Wikimedia Audiences/2018-19 Q2 Goals#Contributors|current priorities]] are fixing bugs and improving mobile editing. === Recent changes === *The Editing team has published an [[mw:Mobile editing using the visual editor report|initial report about mobile editing]]. *The Editing team has begun a design study of visual editing on the mobile website. New editors have trouble doing basic tasks on a smartphone, such as adding links to Wikipedia articles. You can [[c:File:Visual Editor Heuristic - Results.pdf|read the report]]. *The Reading team is working on a [[mw:Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|separate mobile-based contributions project]]. *The 2006 wikitext editor is [[mw:Contributors/Projects/Removal of the 2006 wikitext editor|no longer supported]]. If you used [[:File:Edit toolbar - 2.png|that toolbar]], then you will no longer see any toolbar. You may choose another editing tool in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|editing preferences]], [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|local gadgets]], or [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]]. *The Editing team described the history and status of [[mw:Extension:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] in [[m:Wikimedia monthly activities meetings/2018-03|this recorded public presentation]] (starting at 29 minutes, 30 seconds). *The Language team released [[mw:Content translation/V2|a new version of Content Translation]] (CX2) last month, on [[foundationsite:2018/09/30/international-translation-day/|International Translation Day]]. It integrates the visual editor to support templates, tables, and images. It also produces better wikitext when the translated article is published. [https://wikimediafoundation.org/2018/09/30/content-translation-version-two/] === Let's work together === * The Editing team wants to improve visual editing on the mobile website. <mark>Please read [[mw:Visual-based mobile editing/Ideas/October 2018|their ideas]] and tell the team what you think would help editors who use the mobile site.</mark> *The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2019|Community Wishlist Survey]] begins next week. *If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&action=edit&section=new contact us] directly. We will notify you when the next issue is ready for translation. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} —[[mw:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 19:17, 2 نومبر 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=17790200 --> == Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web''' {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Page_issues_-_mobile_banner_example.jpg|thumb|Example of improvements]] Hello, In a few weeks the Readers web team will be changing how some templates look on the mobile web site. We will make these templates more noticeable when viewing the article. We ask for your help in updating any templates that don't look correct. What kind of templates? Specifically templates that notify readers and contributors about issues with the content of an article – the text and information in the article. Examples like [[wikidata:Q5962027|Template:Unreferenced]] or [[Wikidata:Q5619503|Template:More citations needed]]. Right now these notifications are hidden behind a link under the title of an article. We will format templates like these (mostly those that use Template:Ambox or message box templates in general) to show a short summary under the page title. You can tap on the "Learn more" link to get more information. For template editors we have [[mw:Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Making_page_issues_(ambox_templates)_mobile_friendly|some recommendations on how to make templates that are mobile-friendly]] and also further [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|documentation on our work so far]]. If you have questions about formatting templates for mobile, [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|please leave a note on the project talk page]] or [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Readers-Web-Backlog file a task in Phabricator] and we will help you. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 00:35, 14 نومبر 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18543269 --> == Community Wishlist Survey vote == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> The Community Wishlist Survey. {{Int:Please-translate}}. Hey everyone, The Community Wishlist Survey is the process when the Wikimedia communities decide what the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] should work on over the next year. The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. The communities have now posted a long list of technical proposals. You can vote on the proposals from now until 30 November. You can read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|wishlist survey page]]. <span dir=ltr>/[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan (WMF)]]</span></div></div> 23:13, 22 نومبر 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18543269 --> == Advanced Search == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch|Advanced Search]] will become a default feature on your wiki on November 28. This new interface allows you to perform specialized searches on the [[Special:Search|search page]], even if you don’t know any [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|search syntax]]. Advanced Search originates from the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishes project]]. It's already a default feature on German, Arabic, Farsi and Hungarian Wikipedia. Besides, more than 40.000 users across all wikis have tested the beta version. Feedback is welcome on the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:AdvancedSearch|central feedback page]].</div> [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|talk]]) 16:03, 26 نومبر 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=18363910 --> == New Wikimedia password policy and requirements == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} The Wikimedia Foundation security team is implementing a new [[m:Password policy|password policy and requirements]]. [[mw:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|You can learn more about the project on MediaWiki.org]]. These new requirements will apply to new accounts and privileged accounts. New accounts will be required to create a password with a minimum length of 8 characters. Privileged accounts will be prompted to update their password to one that is at least 10 characters in length. These changes are planned to be in effect on December 13th. If you think your work or tools will be affected by this change, please let us know on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|the talk page]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 01:03, 7 دسمبر 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18639017 --> == Invitation from Wiki Loves Love 2019 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:WLL Subtitled Logo (transparent).svg|right|frameless]] Love is an important subject for humanity and it is expressed in different cultures and regions in different ways across the world through different gestures, ceremonies, festivals and to document expression of this rich and beautiful emotion, we need your help so we can share and spread the depth of cultures that each region has, the best of how people of that region, celebrate love. [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love|Wiki Loves Love (WLL)]] is an international photography competition of Wikimedia Commons with the subject love testimonials happening in the month of February. The primary goal of the competition is to document love testimonials through human cultural diversity such as monuments, ceremonies, snapshot of tender gesture, and miscellaneous objects used as symbol of love; to illustrate articles in the worldwide free encyclopedia Wikipedia, and other Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) projects. The theme of 2019 iteration is '''''Celebrations, Festivals, Ceremonies and rituals of love.''''' Sign up your affiliate or individually at [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/Participants|Participants]] page. To know more about the contest, check out our [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019|Commons Page]] and [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/FAQ|FAQs]] There are several prizes to grab. Hope to see you spreading love this February with Wiki Loves Love! Kind regards, [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/International Team|Wiki Loves Love Team]] Imagine... the sum of all love! </div> --[[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) 15:13, 27 دسمبر 2018 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18639017 --> == FileExporter beta feature == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Logo for FileExporter.svg|thumb|Coming soon: the beta feature [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]]] A new beta feature will soon be released on all wikis: The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]. It allows exports of files from a local wiki to Wikimedia Commons, including their file history and page history. Which files can be exported is defined by each wiki's community: '''Please check your wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration file documentation|configuration file]]''' if you want to use this feature. The FileExporter has already been a beta feature on [https://www.mediawiki.org mediawiki.org], [https://meta.wikimedia.org meta.wikimedia], deWP, faWP, arWP, koWP and on [https://wikisource.org wikisource.org]. After some functionality was added, it's now becoming a beta feature on all wikis. Deployment is planned for January 16. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|on the project page]]. As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test the FileExporter, please activate it in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]]. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help_talk:Extension:FileImporter|central talk page]]. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]]. </div> [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 14:41, 14 جنوری 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=18782700 --> == No editing for 30 minutes on 17 January == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You will '''not be able to edit''' the wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190117T07 17 January 07:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a database problem that has to be fixed immediately. You can still read the wikis. Some wikis are not affected. They don't get this message. You can see which wikis are '''not''' affected [[:m:User:Johan (WMF)/201901ReadOnlyPage|on this page]]. Most wikis are affected. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]</div> 23:52, 16 جنوری 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/201901ReadOnly/Targets6&oldid=18789238 --> == Talk to us about talking == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-rtl.svg|alt="icon depicting two speech Bubbles"|frameless|right|120px]] The Wikimedia Foundation is planning a [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|global consultation about communication]]. The goal is to bring Wikimedians and wiki-minded people together to improve tools for communication. We want all contributors to be able to talk to each other on the wikis, whatever their experience, their skills or their devices. We are looking for input from as many different parts of the Wikimedia community as possible. It will come from multiple projects, in multiple languages, and with multiple perspectives. We are currently planning the consultation. We need your help. '''We need volunteers to help talk to their communities or user groups.''' You can help by hosting a discussion at your wiki. Here's what to do: # First, [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Participant group sign-up|sign up your group here.]] # Next, create a page (or a section on a Village pump, or an e-mail thread – whatever is natural for your group) to collect information from other people in your group. This is not a vote or decision-making discussion: we are just collecting feedback. # Then ask people what they think about communication processes. We want to hear stories and other information about how people communicate with each other on and off wiki. Please consider asking these five questions: ## When you want to discuss a topic with your community, what tools work for you, and what problems block you? ## What about talk pages works for newcomers, and what blocks them? ## What do others struggle with in your community about talk pages? ## What do you wish you could do on talk pages, but can't due to the technical limitations? ## What are the important aspects of a "wiki discussion"? # Finally, please go to [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019 on Mediawiki.org]] and report what you learned from your group. Please include links if the discussion is available to the public. '''You can also help build the list of the many different ways people talk to each other.''' Not all groups active on wikis or around wikis use the same way to discuss things: it can happen on wiki, on social networks, through external tools... Tell us [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Tools in use|how your group communicates]]. You can read more about [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|the overall process]] on mediawiki.org. If you have questions or ideas, you can [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|leave feedback about the consultation process]] in the language you prefer. Thank you! We're looking forward to talking with you. </div> [[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 20:01, 21 فروری 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18639017 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2019) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/72/ Kinige]''' – Primarily Indian-language ebooks - 10 books per month * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale]''' – Times Digital Archive collection added (covering 1785-2013) * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR]''' – New applications now being taken again Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/10/ Taylor & Francis], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/32/ Annual Reviews] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury]. You can request new partnerships on our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/suggest/ Suggestions page]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 22:40, 13 مارچ 2019 (PKT) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=18873404 --> == Read-only mode for up to 30 minutes on 11 April == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You will '''not be able to edit''' most Wikimedia wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190411T05 11 April 05:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a hardware problem. You can still read the wikis. You [[phab:T220080|can see which wikis are affected]]. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]</div></div></div> 15:56, 8 اپریل 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18979889 --> == Wikimedia Foundation Medium-Term Plan feedback request == {{int:please-translate}} <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The Wikimedia Foundation has published a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|Medium-Term Plan proposal]] covering the next 3–5 years. We want your feedback! Please leave all comments and questions, in any language, on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|the talk page]], by April 20. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 22:35, 12 اپریل 2019 (PKT)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18998727 --> == Editing News #1—July 2019 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2019/July|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]] <big>'''Did you know?'''</big> <div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can use the visual editor on a mobile device? Every article has a pencil icon at the top. Tap on the pencil icon [[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg|frameless|16x16px]] to start editing. '''<big>Edit Cards</big>''' [[File:EditCards-v.20.png|alt=Toolbar with menu opened|center|frameless|250px]] This is what the new '''Edit Cards for editing links''' in the mobile visual editor look like. You can try the prototype here: '''[[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 Try Edit Cards]].''' </div></div> Welcome back to the [[mw:Editing|Editing]] newsletter. Since [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/October|the last newsletter]], the team has released two new features for the [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|mobile visual editor]] and has started developing three more. All of this work is part of the team's goal to [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2018-2019/Audiences#Outcome 3: Mobile Contribution|make editing on mobile web simpler]]. Before talking about the team's recent releases, we have a question for you: <strong>Are you willing to try a new way to add and change links?</strong> If you are interested, we would value your input! You can try this new link tool in the mobile visual editor on a separate wiki. <em>Follow these instructions and share your experience:</em> <strong>[[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 Try Edit Cards]].</strong> === Recent releases === The mobile visual editor is a simpler editing tool, for smartphones and tablets using the [[mw:Reading/Web/Mobile#About|mobile site]]. The Editing team recently launched two new features to improve the mobile visual editor: # [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Section editing|Section editing]] #* The purpose is to help contributors focus on their edits. #* The team studied this with an A/B test. [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Section editing#16 June 2019|This test showed]] that contributors who could use section editing were '''1% more likely to publish''' the edits they started than people with only full-page editing. # [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile#March 1, 2019|Loading overlay]] #* The purpose is to smooth the transition between reading and editing. Section editing and the new loading overlay are '''now available to everyone''' using the mobile visual editor. === New and active projects === This is a list of our most active projects. [[mw:Help:Watching pages|Watch]] these pages to learn about project updates and to share your input on new designs, prototypes and research findings. *[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|Edit cards]]: This is a clearer way to add and edit links, citations, images, templates, etc. in articles. You can try this feature now. <em>Go here to see how:</em> [[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 <em>Try Edit Cards</em>]]. *[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh|Mobile toolbar refresh]]: This project will learn if contributors are more successful when the editing tools are easier to recognize. *[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default|Mobile visual editor availability]]: This A/B test asks: ''Are newer contributors more successful if they use the mobile visual editor?'' We are collaborating with [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default#26 June 2019 %E2%80%93 Participating wikis and test start date|20 Wikipedias]] to answer this question. *[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Usability improvements|Usability improvements]]: This project will make the mobile visual editor easier to use. The goal is to let contributors stay focused on editing and to feel more confident in the editing tools. === Looking ahead === * '''Wikimania:''' Several members of the Editing Team will be attending [[wmania:|Wikimania]] in August 2019. They will lead a session about mobile editing in the [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/Visual editing on mobile: An accessible editor for all|Community Growth space]]. Talk to the team about how editing can be improved. * '''Talk Pages:''' In the coming months, the Editing Team will begin [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|improving talk pages]] and communication on the wikis. === Learning more === The [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|VisualEditor on mobile]] is a good place to learn more about the projects we are working on. The team wants to talk with you about anything related to editing. If you have something to say or ask, please leave a message at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor on mobile|Talk:VisualEditor on mobile]]. [[user:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:user_talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) & [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:user_talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 23:32, 23 جولائی 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=19175117 --> == Update on the consultation about office actions == Hello all, Last month, the Wikimedia Foundation's Trust & Safety team [[:en:Wikipedia:Village_pump_(policy)/Archive_152#Announcement_of_forthcoming_temporary_and_partial_ban_tool_consultation|announced]] a future consultation about partial and/or temporary [[m:Special:MyLanguage/office actions|office actions]]. We want to let you know that the '''draft version''' of this consultation has now been [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|posted on Meta]]. This is a '''draft'''. It is not intended to be the consultation itself, which will be posted on Meta likely in early September. Please do not treat this draft as a consultation. Instead, we ask your assistance in forming the final language for the consultation. For that end, we would like your input over the next couple of weeks about what questions the consultation should ask about partial and temporary Foundation office action bans and how it should be formatted. '''[[:m:Talk:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|Please post it on the draft talk page]]'''. Our goal is to provide space for the community to discuss all the aspects of these office actions that need to be discussed, and we want to ensure with your feedback that the consultation is presented in the best way to encourage frank and constructive conversation. Please visit [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|the consultation draft on Meta-wiki]] and leave your comments on the draft’s talk page about what the consultation should look like and what questions it should ask. Thank you for your input! -- The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety|Trust & Safety team]] 13:03, 16 اگست 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=19175143 --> == New tools and IP masking == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hey everyone, The Wikimedia Foundation wants to work on two things that affect how we patrol changes and handle vandalism and harassment. We want to make the tools that are used to handle bad edits better. We also want to get better privacy for unregistered users so their IP addresses are no longer shown to everyone in the world. We would not hide IP addresses until we have better tools for patrolling. We have an idea of what tools ''could'' be working better and how a more limited access to IP addresses would change things, but we need to hear from more wikis. You can read more about the project [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|on Meta]] and [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|post comments and feedback]]. Now is when we need to hear from you to be able to give you better tools to handle vandalism, spam and harassment. You can post in your language if you can't write in English. [[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]</div></div></div> 19:18, 21 اگست 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tools_and_IP_message/Distribution&oldid=19315232 --> == The consultation on partial and temporary Foundation bans just started == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div class="plainlinks"> Hello, In a [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|recent statement]], the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|requested that staff hold a consultation]] to "re-evaluat[e] or add community input to the two new office action policy tools (temporary and partial Foundation bans)". Accordingly, the Foundation's Trust & Safety team invites all Wikimedians [[:m:Office actions/Community consultation on partial and temporary office actions/09 2019|to join this consultation and give their feedback]] from 30 September to 30 October. How can you help? * Suggest how partial and temporary Foundation bans should be used, if they should (eg: On all projects, or only on a subset); * Give ideas about how partial and temporary Foundation bans should ideally implemented, if they should be; and/or * Propose changes to the existing Office Actions policy on partial and temporary bans. We offer our thanks in advance for your contributions, and we hope to get as much input as possible from community members during this consultation! </div> </div>-- [[user:Kbrown (WMF)|Kbrown (WMF)]] 22:14, 30 ستمبر 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=19302497 --> == Feedback wanted on Desktop Improvements project == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{Int:Please-translate}} {{int:Hello}}. The Readers Web team at the WMF will work on some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|improvements to the desktop interface]] over the next couple of years. The goal is to increase usability without removing any functionality. We have been inspired by changes made by volunteers, but that currently only exist as local gadgets and user scripts, prototypes, and volunteer-led skins. We would like to begin the process of bringing some of these changes into the default experience on all Wikimedia projects. We are currently in the research stage of this project and are looking for ideas for improvements, as well as feedback on our current ideas and mockups. So far, we have performed interviews with community members at Wikimania. We have gathered lists of previous volunteer and WMF work in this area. We are examining possible technical approaches for such changes. We would like individual feedback on the following: * Identifying focus areas for the project we have not yet discovered * Expanding the list of existing gadgets and user scripts that are related to providing a better desktop experience. If you can think of some of these from your wiki, please let us know * Feedback on the ideas and mockups we have collected so far We would also like to gather a list of wikis that would be interested in being test wikis for this project - these wikis would be the first to receive the updates once we’re ready to start building. When giving feedback, please consider the following goals of the project: * Make it easier for readers to focus on the content * Provide easier access to everyday actions (e.g. search, language switching, editing) * Put things in logical and useful places * Increase consistency in the interface with other platforms - mobile web and the apps * Eliminate clutter * Plan for future growth As well as the following constraints: * Not touching the content - no work will be done in terms of styling templates or to the structure of page contents themselves * Not removing any functionality - things might move around, but all navigational items and other functionality currently available by default will remain * No drastic changes to the layout - we're taking an evolutionary approach to the changes and want the site to continue feeling familiar to readers and editors Please give all feedback (in any language) at [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements]] After this round of feedback, we plan on building a prototype of suggested changes based on the feedback we receive. You’ll hear from us again asking for feedback on this prototype. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[mw:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 12:18, 16 اکتوبر 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/Global_message_delivery_split_4&oldid=19462890 --> == Beta feature "Reference Previews" == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> A new beta feature will soon be deployed to your wiki: [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Reference Previews]]. As you might guess from the name, this feature gives you a preview of references in the article text. That means, you can look up a reference without jumping down to the bottom of the page. Reference Previews have already been a beta feature on German and Arabic Wikipedia since April. Now they will become available on more wikis. Deployment is planned for October 24. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|on the project page]]. As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test Reference Previews, please activate the beta feature in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]] and let us know what you think. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help talk:Reference Previews|central talk page]]. We hope the feature will serve you well in your work. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]]. </div> -- [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 14:47, 23 اکتوبر 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=19478814 --> == Editing News #2 – Mobile editing and talk pages == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2019/October|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> Inside this newsletter, the [[mw:Editing|Editing team]] talks about their work on the [[mw:Mobile visual editor|mobile visual editor]], on [[mw:Talk pages project|the new talk pages project]], and at [[wikimania:|Wikimania 2019]]. === Help === <strong>What talk page interactions do you remember?</strong> Is it a story about how someone helped you to learn something new? Is it a story about how someone helped you get involved in a group? Something else? Whatever your story is, we want to hear it! Please tell us a story about how you used a talk page. <mark>Please share a link to a memorable discussion, or describe it on the <strong>[[mw:Topic:V8d91yh8gcg404dj|talk page for this project]]</strong>.</mark> The team wants your examples. These examples will help everyone develop a shared understanding of what this project should support and encourage. === Talk pages project === The [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk Pages Consultation]] was a global consultation to define better tools for wiki communication. From February through June 2019, more than 500 volunteers on 20 wikis, across 15 languages and multiple projects, came together with members of the Foundation to create a product direction for a set of discussion tools. The [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Phase 2 report|Phase 2 Report]] of the Talk Page Consultation was published in August. It summarizes the product direction the team has started to work on, which you can read more about here: [[mw:Talk pages project|Talk Page Project project page]]. The team needs and wants your help at this early stage. They are starting to develop the first idea. Please add your name to the [[mw:Talk pages project#Getting involved|<strong>"Getting involved"</strong>]] section of the project page, if you would like to hear about opportunities to participate. === Mobile visual editor === The Editing team is trying to make it simpler to edit on mobile devices. The team is changing the [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|visual editor on mobile]]. If you have something to say about editing on a mobile device, please leave a message at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor on mobile|Talk:VisualEditor on mobile]]. ==== [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|Edit Cards]] ==== [[File:Edit Cards-before-v3-comparison.png|thumb|486x486px|What happens when you click on a link. The new Edit Card is bigger and has more options for editing links.]] * On 3 September, the Editing team released [[:File:Edit Cards comparison v2 and v3.png|version 3 of Edit Cards]]. Anyone could use the new version in the mobile visual editor. * There is an [[:File:Edit Cards comparison v2 and v3.png|updated design]] on the Edit Card for adding and modifying links. There is also a new, [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards#2 September 2019 - v3 deployment timing|combined workflow for editing a link's display text and target]]. * Feedback: You can try the new Edit Cards by opening the mobile visual editor on a smartphone. Please post your feedback on the [[:mw:Topic:V5rg0cqmikpubmjj|Edit cards talk page]]. ==== [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh|Toolbar]] ==== [[File:Toolbar-comparison-v1.png|thumb|486px|The editing toolbar is changing in the mobile visual editor. The old system had two different toolbars. Now, all the buttons are together. [[mw:Topic:V79x6zm8n6i4nb56|Tell the team what you think about the new toolbar]].]] * In September, the Editing team updated the mobile visual editor's editing toolbar. Anyone could see these changes in the mobile visual editor. ** <em>One toolbar:</em> All of the editing tools are located in one toolbar. Previously, the toolbar changed when you clicked on different things. **<em>New navigation:</em> The buttons for moving forward and backward in the edit flow have changed. **<em>Seamless switching:</em> an [[phab:T228159|improved workflow]] for switching between the visual and wikitext modes. * Feedback: You can try the refreshed toolbar by opening the mobile VisualEditor on a smartphone. Please post your feedback on the [[mw:Topic:V79x6zm8n6i4nb56|Toolbar feedback talk page]]. === Wikimania === The Editing Team attended [[wmania:2019:Program|Wikimania 2019]] in Sweden. They led a session on [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/Visual editing on mobile: An accessible editor for all|the mobile visual editor]] and a session on [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/After Flow: A new direction for improving talk pages|the new talk pages project]]. They tested [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh#v1 prototype|two]] new [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards#v3 prototype|features]] in the mobile visual editor with contributors. You can read more about what the team did and learned in [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile#Wikimania Stockholm: Overview|the team's report on Wikimania 2019]]. === Looking ahead === * <strong>Talk Pages Project:</strong> The team is thinking about the first set of proposed changes. The team will be working with a few communities to pilot those changes. The best way to stay informed is by adding your username to the list on the project page: [[mw:Talk pages project#Getting involved|<strong>Getting involved</strong>]]. * <strong>Testing the mobile visual editor as the default:</strong> The Editing team plans to post results before the end of the calendar year. The best way to stay informed is by adding the project page to your watchlist: [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default|<strong>VisualEditor as mobile default project page</strong>]]. * <strong>Measuring the impact of Edit Cards:</strong> This study asks whether the project helped editors add links and citations. The Editing team hopes to share results in November. The best way to stay informed is by adding the project page to your watchlist: [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|<strong>Edit Cards project page</strong>]]. – [[User:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) & [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 16:12, 29 اکتوبر 2019 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/VE_201910/4&oldid=19500850 --> == Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project == Hello The Wikimedia Foundation’s Community Development team is seeking to learn more about the way volunteers learn and develop into the many different roles that exist in the movement. Our goal is to build a movement informed framework that provides shared clarity and outlines accessible pathways on how to grow and develop skills within the movement. To this end, we are looking to speak with you, our community to learn about your journey as a Wikimedia volunteer. Whether you joined yesterday or have been here from the very start, we want to hear about the many ways volunteers join and contribute to our movement. To learn more about the project, [[:m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project|please visit the Meta page]]. If you are interested in participating in the project, please complete [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSegM07N1FK_s0VUECM61AlWOthwdn5zQOlVsa2vaKcx13BwZg/viewform?usp=sf_link this simple Google form]. Although we may not be able to speak to everyone who expresses interest, we encourage you to complete this short form if you are interested in participating! -- [[user:LMiranda (WMF)|LMiranda (WMF)]] ([[user talk:LMiranda (WMF)|talk]]) 00:01, 23 جنوری 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=19738989 --> == Additional interface for edit conflicts on talk pages == ''Sorry, for writing this text in English. If you could help to translate it, it would be appreciated.'' You might know the new interface for edit conflicts (currently a beta feature). Now, Wikimedia Germany is designing an additional interface to solve edit conflicts on talk pages. This interface is shown to you when you write on a discussion page and another person writes a discussion post in the same line and saves it before you do. With this additional editing conflict interface you can adjust the order of the comments and edit your comment. We are inviting everyone to have a look at [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Edit conflicts on talk pages|the planned feature]]. Let us know what you think on our [[mw:Help talk:Two Column Edit Conflict View|central feedback page]]! -- For the Technical Wishes Team: [[m:User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 19:15, 26 فروری 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Max Klemm (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=19845780 --> == Editing news 2020 #1 – Discussion tools == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> [[File:TalkPages-Reply-v1.0.png|thumb|300px|alt=Screenshot showing what the Reply tool looks like|This early version of the Reply tool automatically signs and indents comments.]] The [[mw:Editing|Editing team]] has been working on [[mw:Talk pages project|the talk pages project]]. The goal of the talk pages project is to help contributors communicate on wiki more easily. This project is the result of the [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019]]. [[File:TalkPages-Reply-v2.0.png|thumb|300px|alt=Reply tool improved with edit tool buttons|In a future update, the team plans to test a tool for easily linking to another user's name, a rich-text editing option, and other tools.]] The team is building a [[mw:Talk pages project/replying|new tool for replying]] to comments now. This early version can sign and indent comments automatically. <strong>Please [[mw:Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing#Reply%20version%201.0|test the new Reply tool]].</strong> *On 31 March 2020, the new {{Int:discussiontools-replylink}} tool was offered as a [[mw:Beta Feature|Beta Feature]] editors at four Wikipedias: [[w:ar:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Arabic]], [[w:nl:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Dutch]], [[w:fr:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|French]], and [[w:hu:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Hungarian]]. If your community also wants early access to the new tool, contact [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]]. *The team is planning some upcoming changes. <strong>Please [[mw:Talk pages project/replying#Version%202.0|review the proposed design]] and share your thoughts on the talk page.</strong> The team will test features such as: **an easy way to mention another editor ("pinging"), **a rich-text visual editing option, and **other features identified through user testing or recommended by editors. To hear more about Editing Team updates, please add your name to the [[mw:Talk pages project#Get involved|<strong>"Get involved"</strong>]] section of the project page. You can also watch [[File:MediaWiki Vector skin blue star watchlist icon.svg|frameless|16px]] these pages: [[mw:Talk pages project|the main project page]], [[mw:Talk pages project/Updates|Updates]], [[mw:Talk pages project/replying|Replying]], and [[mw:Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing|User testing]]. – [[user:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) & [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 00:25, 9 اپریل 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox2&oldid=19967064 --> == Editing news 2020 #2 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/June|Read this in another language]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> [[File:TalkPages-Reply-v2.0.png|alt=Mockup of the new reply feature, showing new editing tools|thumb|400x400px|The new features include a toolbar. [[mw:Talk:Talk pages project/replying|What do you think should be in the toolbar?]]]] This issue of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing|Editing]] newsletter includes information the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|Talk pages project]], an effort to help contributors communicate on wiki more easily. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying|<strong>Reply tool</strong>]]: This is available as a Beta Feature at the four partner wikis (Arabic, Dutch, French, and Hungarian Wikipedias). The Beta Feature is called "{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}". The Beta Feature will get [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying#Version%202.0|new features]] soon. The new features include writing comments in a new visual editing mode and pinging other users by typing <code>@</code>. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing#Reply%20tool%20version%202.0|test the new features]] on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|Beta Cluster]] now. Some other wikis will have a chance to try the Beta Feature in the coming months. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New requirements for user signatures|<strong>New requirements for user signatures</strong>]]: Soon, users will not be able to save invalid custom signatures in [[Special:Preferences]]. This will reduce signature spoofing, prevent page corruption, and make new talk page tools more reliable. Most editors will not be affected. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion|<strong>New discussion tool</strong>]]: The Editing team is beginning work on a simpler process for starting new discussions. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion#Design|see the initial design on the project page]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Usage of talk pages|<strong>Research on the use of talk pages</strong>]]: The Editing team worked with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Research|Wikimedia research team]] to study how talk pages help editors improve articles. We learned that new editors who use talk pages make more edits to the main namespace than new editors who don't use talk pages. – [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 01:33, 18 جون 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=20184653 --> == [[:en:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Aurat (word)]] == [[:en:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Aurat (word)]] has been relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus. [[ورتنوالا:Bookku|Bookku]] ([[ورتن گل بات:Bookku|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/Bookku|کم]]) 09:17, 20 جون 2020 (PKT) == Annual contest Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos == [[File:WPWP logo 1.png|150px|right|Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP)]] This is to invite you to join the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP) campaign to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and win prizes. The campaign starts today 1st July 2020 and closes 31st August 2020. The campaign primarily aims at using images from Wikimedia Commons on Wikipedia articles that are lacking images. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photo images, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years. Please visit the '''[[m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos|campaign page]]''' to learn more about the WPWP Campaign. With kind regards, Thank you, Deborah Schwartz Jacobs, Communities Liaison, On behalf of the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Organizing Team - 13:24, 1 جولائی 2020 (PKT) ''feel free to translate this message to your local language when this helps your community'' <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Romaine/MassMessage&oldid=20232618 --> == Feedback on movement names == {{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{int:please-translate}} if necessary. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} There are a lot of conversations happening about the future of our movement names. We hope that you are part of these discussions and that your community is represented. Since 16 June, the Foundation Brand Team has been running a [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9G2dN7P0T7gPqpD survey] in 7 languages about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project/Naming convention proposals|3 naming options]]. There are also community members sharing concerns about renaming in a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community open letter on renaming|Community Open Letter]]. Our goal in this call for feedback is to hear from across the community, so we encourage you to participate in the survey, the open letter, or both. The survey will go through 7 July in all timezones. Input from the survey and discussions will be analyzed and published on Meta-Wiki. Thanks for thinking about the future of the movement, --[[:m:Talk:Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project|The Brand Project team]], 00:42, 3 جولائی 2020 (PKT) ''Note: The survey is conducted via a third-party service, which may subject it to additional terms. For more information on privacy and data-handling, see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Naming Convention Proposals Movement Feedback Survey Privacy Statement|survey privacy statement]].'' <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/All_wikis_June_2020&oldid=20238830 --> == Editing news 2020 #3 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/July|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> [[File:50M@2x.png|thumb|alt=A gold star with a blue ribbon, and the text 50m|More than <strong>50 million edits</strong> have been made using the visual editor on desktop.|400px]] Seven years ago this month, the [[mw:Editing team|Editing team]] offered the visual editor to most Wikipedia editors. Since then, editors have achieved many milestones: * More than <strong>50 million edits</strong> have been made using the visual editor on desktop. * More than <strong>2 million new articles</strong> have been created in the visual editor. More than 600,000 of these new articles were created during 2019. * The visual editor is <strong>increasingly popular</strong>. The proportion of all edits made using the visual editor has increased every year since its introduction. * In 2019, <strong>35% of the edits by newcomers</strong> (logged-in editors with ≤99 edits) used the visual editor. This percentage has <strong>increased every year</strong>. * Almost <strong>5 million edits on the mobile site</strong> have been made with the visual editor. Most of these edits have been made since the Editing team started improving the [[mw:Mobile visual editor|mobile visual editor]] in 2018. * On 17 November 2019, the [https://discuss-space.wmflabs.org/t/first-edit-made-to-wikipedia-from-outer-space/2254 <strong>first edit from outer space</strong>] was made in the mobile visual editor. 🚀 👩‍🚀 * Editors have made more than <strong>7 million edits in the 2017 wikitext editor</strong>, including starting <strong>600,000 new articles</strong> in it. The [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] is VisualEditor's built-in wikitext mode. You can [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable it in your preferences]]. [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 17:55, 9 جولائی 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=20232673 --> == Announcing a new wiki project! Welcome, Abstract Wikipedia == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hi all, It is my honor to introduce Abstract Wikipedia, a new project that has been unanimously approved by the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. Abstract Wikipedia proposes a new way to generate baseline encyclopedic content in a multilingual fashion, allowing more contributors and more readers to share more knowledge in more languages. It is an approach that aims to make cross-lingual cooperation easier on our projects, increase the sustainability of our movement through expanding access to participation, improve the user experience for readers of all languages, and innovate in free knowledge by connecting some of the strengths of our movement to create something new. This is our first new project in over seven years. Abstract Wikipedia was submitted as a project proposal by Denny Vrandečić in May 2020 <ref>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]</ref> after years of preparation and research, leading to a detailed plan and lively discussions in the Wikimedia communities. We know that the energy and the creativity of the community often runs up against language barriers, and information that is available in one language may not make it to other language Wikipedias. Abstract Wikipedia intends to look and feel like a Wikipedia, but build on the powerful, language-independent conceptual models of Wikidata, with the goal of letting volunteers create and maintain Wikipedia articles across our polyglot Wikimedia world. The project will allow volunteers to assemble the fundamentals of an article using words and entities from Wikidata. Because Wikidata uses conceptual models that are meant to be universal across languages, it should be possible to use and extend these building blocks of knowledge to create models for articles that also have universal value. Using code, volunteers will be able to translate these abstract “articles” into their own languages. If successful, this could eventually allow everyone to read about any topic in Wikidata in their own language. As you can imagine, this work will require a lot of software development, and a lot of cooperation among Wikimedians. In order to make this effort possible, Denny will join the Foundation as a staff member in July and lead this initiative. You may know Denny as the creator of Wikidata, a long-time community member, a former staff member at Wikimedia Deutschland, and a former Trustee at the Wikimedia Foundation <ref>[[m:User:Denny|User:Denny]]</ref>. We are very excited that Denny will bring his skills and expertise to work on this project alongside the Foundation’s product, technology, and community liaison teams. It is important to acknowledge that this is an experimental project, and that every Wikipedia community has different needs. This project may offer some communities great advantages. Other communities may engage less. Every language Wikipedia community will be free to choose and moderate whether or how they would use content from this project. We are excited that this new wiki-project has the possibility to advance knowledge equity through increased access to knowledge. It also invites us to consider and engage with critical questions about how and by whom knowledge is constructed. We look forward to working in cooperation with the communities to think through these important questions. There is much to do as we begin designing a plan for Abstract Wikipedia in close collaboration with our communities. I encourage you to get involved by going to the project page and joining the new mailing list <ref>[[mail:abstract-wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia mailing list]]</ref>. We recognize that Abstract Wikipedia is ambitious, but we also recognize its potential. We invite you all to join us on a new, unexplored path. Yours, Katherine Maher (Executive Director, Wikimedia Foundation) <references/> </div> <small>Sent by [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]] 01:10, 10 جولائی 2020 (PKT) - '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/July 2020 announcement]]''' </small> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/All_wikis_June_2020&oldid=20265921 --> == Technical Wishes: FileExporter and FileImporter become default features on all Wikis == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter and FileImporter]] will become a default features on all wikis until August 7, 2020. They are planned to help you to move files from your local wiki to Wikimedia Commons easier while keeping all original file information (Description, Source, Date, Author, View History) intact. Additionally, the move is documented in the files view history. How does it work? Step 1: If you are an auto-confirmed user, you will see a link "Move file to Wikimedia Commons" on the local file page. Step 2: When you click on this link, the FileImporter checks if the file can in fact be moved to Wikimedia Commons. These checks are performed based on the wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration_file_documentation|configuration file]] which is created and maintained by each local wiki community. Step 3: If the file is compatible with Wikimedia Commons, you will be taken to an import page, at which you can update or add information regarding the file, such as the description. You can also add the 'Now Commons' template to the file on the local wiki by clicking the corresponding check box in the import form. Admins can delete the file from the local wiki by enabling the corresponding checkbox. By clicking on the 'Import' button at the end of the page, the file is imported to Wikimedia Commons. If you want to know more about the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileImporter extension]] or the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|Technical Wishes Project]], follow the links. --For the Technical Wishes Team: </div>[[User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 14:14, 6 اگست 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Max Klemm (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=20343133 --> == Important: maintenance operation on September 1st == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]] • [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|{{int:please-translate}}]] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic to the secondary data centre on '''Tuesday, September 1st 2020'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, September 1st. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200901T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday September 2). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the week of September 1st, 2020. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. '''Please share this information with your community.''' </div></div> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])</span> 18:48, 26 اگست 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20384955 --> == New Wikipedia Library Collections Now Available (September 2020) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/101/ Al Manhal]''' – Arabic journals and ebooks * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/102/ Ancestry.com]''' – Genealogical and historical records * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/100/ RILM]''' – Music encyclopedias Many other partnerships are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/49/ Adam Matthew], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR]. A significant portion of our collection now no longer requires individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ recent blog post]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 14:49, 3 ستمبر 2020 (PKT) :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=20418180 --> == Invitation to participate in the conversation == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies for cross-posting, and that you may not be reading this message in your native language: translations of the following announcement may be available on '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review/Invitation (long version)|Meta]]'''. {{int:please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' We are excited to share '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|a draft of the Universal Code of Conduct]]''', which the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees called for earlier this year, for your review and feedback. The discussion will be open until October 6, 2020. The UCoC Drafting Committee wants to learn which parts of the draft would present challenges for you or your work. What is missing from this draft? What do you like, and what could be improved? Please join the conversation and share this invitation with others who may be interested to join, too. To reduce language barriers during the process, you are welcomed to translate this message and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review]]. You and your community may choose to provide your opinions/feedback using your local languages. To learn more about the UCoC project, see the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] page, and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|FAQ]], on Meta. Thanks in advance for your attention and contributions, [[:m:Talk:Trust_and_Safety|The Trust and Safety team at Wikimedia Foundation]], 22:55, 10 ستمبر 2020 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Draft_review/Invitation_(long_version)/List&oldid=20440292 --> == Wiki of functions naming contest == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:Please-translate}} {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Wikimedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki where the community can work together on a library of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract_Wikipedia/Wiki_of_functions_naming_contest#function|functions]]. The community can create new functions, read about them, discuss them, and share them. Some of these functions will be used to help create language-independent Wikipedia articles that can be displayed in any language, as part of the Abstract Wikipedia project. But functions will also be usable in many other situations. There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with voting beginning on 29 September and 27 October. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on 8 December. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]</div> 02:22, 30 ستمبر 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/Global_message_delivery_split_5&oldid=20492309 --> == Call for feedback about Wikimedia Foundation Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}. Today the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees starts two calls for feedback. One is about changes to the Bylaws mainly to increase the Board size from 10 to 16 members. The other one is about a trustee candidate rubric to introduce new, more effective ways to evaluate new Board candidates. The Board welcomes your comments through 26 October. For more details, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/October 2020 - Call for feedback about Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric|check the full announcement]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Qgil-WMF|Qgil-WMF]] ([[m:User talk:Qgil-WMF|talk]]) 22:17, 7 اکتوبر 2020 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Board&oldid=20519859 --> == Important: maintenance operation on October 27 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, October 27. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1603807200 14:00 UTC] (14:00 WET, 15:00 CET, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 03:00 NZDT on Wednesday October 28). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the week of October 26, 2020. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2020_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div></div> -- <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])</span> 22:11, 21 اکتوبر 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20519839 --> == Wiki of functions naming contest - Round 2 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose the name for the new Wikimedia wiki project - the library of functions. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Wikicode, Wikicodex, Wikifunctions, Wikifusion, Wikilambda, Wikimedia Functions</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest/Names|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] </div> 03:10, 6 نومبر 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20564572 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Invitation|Community Wishlist Survey 2021]] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]] The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]''' is now open! This survey is the process where communities decide what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] team should work on over the next year. We encourage everyone to submit proposals until the deadline on '''{{#time:j xg|2020-11-30|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}''', or comment on other proposals to help make them better. The communities will vote on the proposals between {{#time:j xg|2020-12-08|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} and {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. You can write proposals in any language, and we will translate them for you. Thank you, and we look forward to seeing your proposals! </div> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]</span> 23:09, 20 نومبر 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/1&oldid=20689939 --> == Wikidata descriptions changes to be included more often in Recent Changes and Watchlist == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''Sorry for sending this message in English. Translations are available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Announcements/Announcement Wikidata descriptions in watchlist|this page]]. Feel free to translate it in more languages!'' As you may know, you can include changes coming from Wikidata in your Watchlist and Recent Changes ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist|in your preferences]]). Until now, this feature didn’t always include changes made on Wikidata descriptions due to the way Wikidata tracks the data used in a given article. Starting on December 3rd, the Watchlist and Recent Changes will include changes on the descriptions of Wikidata Items that are used in the pages that you watch. This will only include descriptions in the language of your wiki to make sure that you’re only seeing changes that are relevant to your wiki. This improvement was requested by many users from different projects. We hope that it can help you monitor the changes on Wikidata descriptions that affect your wiki and participate in the effort of improving the data quality on Wikidata for all Wikimedia wikis and beyond. Note: if you didn’t use the Wikidata watchlist integration feature for a long time, feel free to give it another chance! The feature has been improved since the beginning and the content it displays is more precise and useful than at the beginning of the feature in 2015. If you encounter any issue or want to provide feedback, feel free to use [[Phab:T191831|this Phabricator ticket]]. Thanks! [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 19:39, 30 نومبر 2020 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/wikis&oldid=20728482 --> == 2020 Coolest Tool Award Ceremony on December 11th == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello all, The ceremony of the 2020 [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|Wikimedia Coolest Tool Award]] will take place virtually on Friday, December 11th, at 17:00 GMT. This award is highlighting tools that have been nominated by contributors to the Wikimedia projects, and the ceremony will be a nice moment to show appreciation to the tools developers and maybe discover new tools! You will find more information [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|here]] about the livestream and the discussions channels. Thanks for your attention, [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 15:55, 7 دسمبر 2020 (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20734978 --> == Community Wishlist Survey 2021 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]] '''We invite all registered users to vote on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]. You can vote from now until {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|en}} for as many different wishes as you want.''' In the Survey, wishes for new and improved tools for experienced editors are collected. After the voting, we will do our best to grant your wishes. We will start with the most popular ones. We, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]], are one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] teams. We create and improve editing and wiki moderation tools. What we work on is decided based on results of the Community Wishlist Survey. Once a year, you can submit wishes. After two weeks, you can vote on the ones that you're most interested in. Next, we choose wishes from the survey to work on. Some of the wishes may be granted by volunteer developers or other teams. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Tracking|You can view and vote all proposals here.]]''' We are waiting for your votes. Thank you! </div> [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] 05:52, 15 دسمبر 2020 (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/1&oldid=20689939 --> == IMPORTANT: Admin activity review == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello. A policy regarding the removal of "advanced rights" (administrator, bureaucrat, interface administrator, etc.) was adopted by [[:m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|global community consensus]] in 2013. According to this policy, the [[:m:stewards|stewards]] are reviewing administrators' activity on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis with no inactivity policy. To the best of our knowledge, your wiki does not have a formal process for removing "advanced rights" from inactive accounts. This means that the stewards will take care of this according to the [[:m:Admin activity review|admin activity review]]. We have determined that the following users meet the inactivity criteria (no edits and no logged actions for more than 2 years): #Danish47 (administrator) These users will receive a notification soon, asking them to start a community discussion if they want to retain some or all of their rights. If the users do not respond, then their advanced rights will be removed by the stewards. However, if you as a community would like to create your own activity review process superseding the global one, want to make another decision about these inactive rights holders, or already have a policy that we missed, then please notify the [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard|stewards on Meta-Wiki]] so that we know not to proceed with the rights review on your wiki. Thanks, --[[ورتنوالا:علاء|علاء]] ([[ورتن گل بات:علاء|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/علاء|کم]]) ۱۴:۲۴, ۲۴ جنوری ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) </div> == Moving Wikimania 2021 to a Virtual Event == <div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikimania_logo_with_text_2.svg|right|alt=Wikimania's logo.|75px]] ''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' [[:m:Wikimania 2021|Wikimania will be a virtual event this year]], and hosted by a wide group of community members. Whenever the next in-person large gathering is possible again, [[:m:ESEAP Hub|the ESEAP Core Organizing Team]] will be in charge of it. Stay tuned for more information about how ''you'' can get involved in the planning process and other aspects of the event. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2021-January/096141.html Please read the longer version of this announcement on wikimedia-l]. ''ESEAP Core Organizing Team, Wikimania Steering Committee, Wikimedia Foundation Events Team'', ۲۰:۱۶, ۲۷ جنوری ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Wikimania21&oldid=21014617 --> == Project Grant Open Call == This is the announcement for the [[m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] open call that started on January 11, with the submission deadline of February 10, 2021.<br> This first open call will be focussed on Community Organizing proposals. A second open call focused on research and software proposals is scheduled from February 15 with a submission deadline of March 16, 2021.<br> For the Round 1 open call, we invite you to propose grant applications that fall under community development and organizing (offline and online) categories. Project Grant funds are available to support individuals, groups, and organizations to implement new experiments and proven ideas, from organizing a better process on your wiki, coordinating a campaign or editathon series to providing other support for community building. We offer the following resources to help you plan your project and complete a grant proposal:<br> * Weekly proposals clinics via Zoom during the Open Call. Join us for [[m:Grants:Project|#Upcoming_Proposal_Clinics|real-time discussions]] with Program Officers and select thematic experts and get live feedback about your Project Grants proposal. We’ll answer questions and help you make your proposal better. We also offer these support pages to help you build your proposal: * [[m:Grants:Project/Tutorial|Video tutorials]] for writing a strong application<br> * General [[m:Grants:Project/Plan|planning page]] for Project Grants <br> * [[m:Grants:Project/Learn|Program guidelines and criteria]]<br> Program officers are also available to offer individualized proposal support upon request. Contact us if you would like feedback or more information.<br> We are excited to see your grant ideas that will support our community and make an impact on the future of Wikimedia projects. Put your idea into motion, and [[m:Grants:Project/Apply|submit your proposal]] by February 10, 2021!<br> Please feel free to get in touch with questions about getting started with your grant application, or about serving on the Project Grants Committee. Contact us at projectgrants{{at}}wikimedia.org. Please help us translate this message to your local language. [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۱۳:۰۱, ۲۸ جنوری ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RSharma (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20808431 --> == New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now (February 2021) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up to access research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/103/ Taxmann]''' – Taxation and law database * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/104/ PNAS]''' – Official journal of the National Academy of Sciences * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO]''' – New Arabic and Spanish language databases added We have a wide array of [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ other collections available], and a significant number now no longer require individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ blog post]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects! :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> --۱۷:۵۷, ۱ فروری ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=21022367 --> == Feminism & Folklore 1 February - 31 March == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|Feminism and Folklore]] writing contest'''. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia. folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, etc. You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles centered on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch-hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2021/List of Articles|suggested articles here]]. You can also support us in translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. Learn more about the contest and prizes from our [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]]. Thank you. Feminism and Folklore team, [[m:User:Joy Agyepong|Joy Agyepong]] ([[m:User talk:Joy Agyepong|talk]]) ۰۷:۴۰, ۱۶ فروری ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=20421065 --> == Wikifunctions logo contest == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{Int:Hello}}. Please help to choose a design concept for the logo of the new Wikifunctions wiki. Voting starts today and will be open for 2 weeks. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wikifunctions logo concept/Vote|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-Wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]</div> ۰۶:۴۷, ۲ مارچ ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21087740 --> == Universal Code of Conduct – 2021 consultations == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> === Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 === {{int:please-translate}} The [[:wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC)''']] provides a universal baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire Wikimedia movement and all its projects. The project is currently in Phase 2, outlining clear enforcement pathways. You can read more about the whole project on its [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''project page''']]. ==== Drafting Committee: Call for applications ==== The Wikimedia Foundation is recruiting volunteers to join a committee to draft how to make the code enforceable. Volunteers on the committee will commit between 2 and 6 hours per week from late April through July and again in October and November. It is important that the committee be diverse and inclusive, and have a range of experiences, including both experienced users and newcomers, and those who have received or responded to, as well as those who have been falsely accused of harassment. To apply and learn more about the process, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee]]. ==== 2021 community consultations: Notice and call for volunteers / translators ==== From 5 April – 5 May 2021 there will be conversations on many Wikimedia projects about how to enforce the UCoC. We are looking for volunteers to translate key material, as well as to help host consultations on their own languages or projects using suggested [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations/Discussion|key questions]]. If you are interested in volunteering for either of these roles, please [[:m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|contact us]] in whatever language you are most comfortable. To learn more about this work and other conversations taking place, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations]]. -- [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Xeno (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۳:۰۶, ۶ اپریل ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)/Without_Russian,_Polish_and_translated/5&oldid=21302202 --> == Line numbering coming soon to all wikis == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Technical_Wishes_–_Line_numbering_-_2010_wikitext_editor.png|thumb|Example]] From April 15, you can enable line numbering in some wikitext editors - for now in the template namespace, coming to more namespaces soon. This will make it easier to detect line breaks and to refer to a particular line in discussions. These numbers will be shown if you enable the syntax highlighting feature ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror extension]]), which is supported in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|2010]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017]] wikitext editors. More information can be found on [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|this project page]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|on this talk page]]. </div> -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ۲۰:۰۹, ۱۲ اپریل ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=21329014 --> == Suggested Values == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> From April 29, it will be possible to suggest values for parameters in templates. Suggested values can be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] and will then be shown as a drop-down list in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|VisualEditor]]. This allows template users to quickly select an appropriate value. This way, it prevents potential errors and reduces the effort needed to fill the template with values. It will still be possible to fill in values other than the suggested ones. More information, including the supported parameter types and how to create suggested values: [[mw:Help:TemplateData#suggestedvalues|[1]]] [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters|[2]]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Suggested values for template parameters|on this talk page]]. </div> [[m:User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] ۱۹:۰۸, ۲۲ اپریل ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=21361904 --> == Universal Code of Conduct News – Issue 1 == <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Universal Code of Conduct News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 1, June 2021'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1|Read the full newsletter]]</span> ---- Welcome to the first issue of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct News]]! This newsletter will help Wikimedians stay involved with the development of the new code, and will distribute relevant news, research, and upcoming events related to the UCoC. Please note, this is the first issue of UCoC Newsletter which is delivered to all subscribers and projects as an announcement of the initiative. If you want the future issues delivered to your talk page, village pumps, or any specific pages you find appropriate, you need to [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/UCoC Newsletter Subscription|subscribe here]]. You can help us by translating the newsletter issues in your languages to spread the news and create awareness of the new conduct to keep our beloved community safe for all of us. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/Participate|add your name here]] if you want to be informed of the draft issue to translate beforehand. Your participation is valued and appreciated. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> * '''Affiliate consultations''' – Wikimedia affiliates of all sizes and types were invited to participate in the UCoC affiliate consultation throughout March and April 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec1|continue reading]]) * '''2021 key consultations''' – The Wikimedia Foundation held enforcement key questions consultations in April and May 2021 to request input about UCoC enforcement from the broader Wikimedia community. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec2|continue reading]]) * '''Roundtable discussions''' – The UCoC facilitation team hosted two 90-minute-long public roundtable discussions in May 2021 to discuss UCoC key enforcement questions. More conversations are scheduled. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec3|continue reading]]) * '''Phase 2 drafting committee''' – The drafting committee for the phase 2 of the UCoC started their work on 12 May 2021. Read more about their work. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec4|continue reading]]) * '''Diff blogs''' – The UCoC facilitators wrote several blog posts based on interesting findings and insights from each community during local project consultation that took place in the 1st quarter of 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec5|continue reading]])</div> --[[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۰۴:۰۶, ۱۲ جون ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SOyeyele (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SOyeyele_(WMF)/Announcements/Other_languages&oldid=21578291 --> == Wikimania 2021: Individual Program Submissions == [[File:Wikimania logo with text 2.svg|right|200px]] Dear all, Wikimania 2021 will be [[:wikimania:2021:Save the date and the Core Organizing Team|hosted virtually]] for the first time in the event's 15-year history. Since there is no in-person host, the event is being organized by a diverse group of Wikimedia volunteers that form the [[:wikimania:2021:Organizers|Core Organizing Team]] (COT) for Wikimania 2021. '''Event Program''' - Individuals or a group of individuals can submit their session proposals to be a part of the program. There will be translation support for sessions provided in a number of languages. See more information [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions/Guidelines#Language Accessibility|here]]. Below are some links to guide you through; * [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions|Program Submissions]] * [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions/Guidelines|Session Submission Guidelines]] * [[:wikimania:2021:FAQ|FAQ]] Please note that the deadline for submission is 18th June 2021. '''Announcements'''- To keep up to date with the developments around Wikimania, the COT sends out weekly updates. You can view them in the Announcement section [[:wikimania:2021:Announcements|here]]. '''Office Hour''' - If you are left with questions, the COT will be hosting some office hours (in multiple languages), in multiple time-zones, to answer any programming questions that you might have. Details can be found [[:wikimania:2021:Organizers#Office hours schedule|here.]] Best regards, [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۰۹:۱۸, ۱۶ جون ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) On behalf of Wikimania 2021 Core Organizing Team <!-- Message sent by User:Bodhisattwa@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=21597568 --> == Editing news 2021 #2 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2021/June|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> [[File:Reply Tool A-B test comment completion.png|alt=Junior contributors comment completion rate across all participating Wikipedias|thumb|296x296px|When newcomers had the Reply tool and tried to post on a talk page, they were more successful at posting a comment. ([https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ Source])]] Earlier this year, the Editing team ran a large study of [[mw:Talk pages project/Replying|the Reply Tool]]. The main goal was to find out whether the Reply Tool helped [[mw:Talk pages project/Glossary|newer editors]] communicate on wiki. The second goal was to see whether the comments that newer editors made using the tool needed to be reverted more frequently than comments newer editors made with the existing wikitext page editor. The key results were: * Newer editors who had automatic ("default on") access to the Reply tool were [https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ more likely] to post a comment on a talk page. * The comments that newer editors made with the Reply Tool were also [https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ less likely] to be reverted than the comments that newer editors made with page editing. These results give the Editing team confidence that the tool is helpful. <strong>Looking ahead</strong> The team is planning to make the Reply tool available to everyone as an opt-out preference in the coming months. This has already happened at the Arabic, Czech, and Hungarian Wikipedias. The next step is to [[phab:T280599|resolve a technical challenge]]. Then, they will deploy the Reply tool first to the [[phab:T267379|Wikipedias that participated in the study]]. After that, they will deploy it, in stages, to the other Wikipedias and all WMF-hosted wikis. You can turn on "{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|in Beta Features]] now. After you get the Reply tool, you can change your preferences at any time in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]]. –[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> ۱۹:۱۴, ۲۴ جون ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=21624491 --> == Server switch == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. <!-- They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''. --> Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 29 June 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1624975200 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday 30 June). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the week of June 28. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2021_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div></div> [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ۰۶:۱۹, ۲۷ جون ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21463754 --> == Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021 == [[File:Wiki Loves Women logo.svg|right|frameless]] '''Wiki Loves Women South Asia''' is back with the 2021 edition. Join us to minify gender gaps and enrich Wikipedia with more diversity. Happening from 1 September - 30 September, [[:m:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|Wiki Loves Women South Asia]] welcomes the articles created on gender gap theme. This year we will focus on women's empowerment and gender discrimination related topics. We warmly invite you to help organize or participate in the competition in your community. You can learn more about the scope and the prizes at the [[:m:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|project page]]. Best wishes,<br> [[:m:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|Wiki Loves Women Team]]<br>۱۵:۴۲, ۱۴ جولائی ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MdsShakil@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:MdsShakil/sandbox/2&oldid=21730887 --> == New Wikipedia Library collections and design update (August 2021) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says log in today!]] [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/users/my_library/ The Wikipedia Library] is pleased to announce the addition of new collections, alongside a new interface design. New collections include: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/107/ Cabells]''' – Scholarly and predatory journal database * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/108/ Taaghche]''' - Persian language e-books * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/112/ Merkur]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/111/ Musik & Ästhetik]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/110/ Psychologie, Psychotherapie, Psychoanalyse]''' - German language magazines and journals published by Klett-Cotta * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/117/ Art Archiv]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/113/ Capital]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/115/ Geo]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/116/ Geo Epoche]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/114/ Stern]''' - German language newspapers and magazines published by Gruner + Jahr Additionally, '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/105/ De Gruyter]''' and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/106/ Nomos]''' have been centralised from their previous on-wiki signup location on the German Wikipedia. Many other collections are freely available by simply logging in to [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ The Wikipedia Library] with your Wikimedia login! We are also excited to announce that the first version of a new design for My Library was deployed this week. We will be iterating on this design with more features over the coming weeks. Read more on the [[:m:Library Card platform/Design improvements|project page on Meta]]. Lastly, an Echo notification will begin rolling out soon to notify eligible editors about the library ([[Phab:T132084|T132084]]). If you can translate the notification please do so [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&group=ext-thewikipedialibrary at TranslateWiki]! --The Wikipedia Library Team ۱۸:۲۳, ۱۱ اگست ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=21851699 --> == Invitation for Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021 == <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021'''</span><br>'''September 1 - September 30, 2021'''<span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|<span style="font-size:10px;color:red">''view details!''</span>]]</span> ----[[File:Wiki Loves Women South Asia.svg|right|frameless]]'''Wiki Loves Women South Asia''' is back with the 2021 edition. Join us to minify gender gaps and enrich Wikipedia with more diversity. Happening from 1 September - 30 September, [[metawiki:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|Wiki Loves Women South Asia]] welcomes the articles created on gender gap theme. This year we will focus on women's empowerment and gender discrimination related topics.<br> We are proud to announce and invite you and your community to participate in the competition. You can learn more about the scope and the prizes at the [[metawiki:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|''project page'']].<br> Best wishes,<br> [[m:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|Wiki Loves Women Team]] </div>۲۳:۳۹, ۱۳ اگست ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MdsShakil@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:MdsShakil/sandbox_1&oldid=21878984 --> == Universal Code of Conduct - Enforcement draft guidelines review == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content"/>The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Phase_2|Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 drafting committee]] would like comments about the '''[[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|enforcement draft guidelines]]''' for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC). This review period is planned for 17 August 2021 through 17 October 2021. These guidelines are not final but you can help move the progress forward. The committee will revise the guidelines based upon community input. Comments can be shared in any language on the [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|draft review talk page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Discussions|multiple other venues]]. Community members are encouraged to organize conversations in their communities. There are planned live discussions about the UCoC enforcement draft guidelines: :[[wmania:2021:Submissions/Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Roundtable|Wikimania 2021 session]] (recorded 16 August) :[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions#Conversation hours|Conversation hours]] - 24 August, 31 August, 7 September @ 03:00 UTC & 14:00 UTC :[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions|Roundtable calls]] - 18 September @ 03:00 UTC & 15:00 UTC Summaries of discussions will be posted every two weeks [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee/Digests|here]]. Please let me know if you have any questions.<section end="content"/> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۴:۱۹, ۱۸ اگست ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=21895766 --> == Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election has come to an end == Thank you for participating in the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021|2021 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]! Voting closed August 31 at 23:59. The official data, including the four most voted candidates, will be announced as soon as the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] completes their review of the ballots. The official announcement of the new trustees appointed will happen later, once the selected candidates have been confirmed by the Board. 6,946 community members from 216 wiki projects have voted. This makes 10.2% global participation, 1.1% higher than in the last Board elections. In 2017, 5167 people from 202 wiki projects cast their vote. A full analysis is planned to be published in a few days when the confirmed results are announced. In the meantime, you can check the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Stats|data produced during the election]]. Diversity was an important goal with these elections. Messages about the Board election were translated into 61 languages. This outreach worked well. There were 70 communities with eligible voters voting in this election for the first time. With your help, next year’s Board of Trustees election will be even better. ۱۵:۰۳, ۲ ستمبر ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=21895840 --> == The 2022 Community Wishlist Survey will happen in January == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello everyone, We hope all of you are as well and safe as possible during these trying times! We wanted to share some news about a change to the Community Wishlist Survey 2022. We would like to hear your opinions as well. Summary: <div style="font-style:italic;"> We will be running the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]] 2022 in January 2022. We need more time to work on the 2021 wishes. We also need time to prepare some changes to the Wishlist 2022. In the meantime, you can use a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|dedicated sandbox to leave early ideas for the 2022 wishes]]. </div> === Proposing and wish-fulfillment will happen during the same year === In the past, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] team has run the Community Wishlist Survey for the following year in November of the prior year. For example, we ran the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Wishlist for 2021]] in November 2020. That worked well a few years ago. At that time, we used to start working on the Wishlist soon after the results of the voting were published. However, in 2021, there was a delay between the voting and the time when we could start working on the new wishes. Until July 2021, we were working on wishes from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020|Wishlist for 2020]]. We hope having the Wishlist 2022 in January 2022 will be more intuitive. This will also give us time to fulfill more wishes from the 2021 Wishlist. === Encouraging wider participation from historically excluded communities === We are thinking how to make the Wishlist easier to participate in. We want to support more translations, and encourage under-resourced communities to be more active. We would like to have some time to make these changes. === A new space to talk to us about priorities and wishes not granted yet === We will have gone 365 days without a Wishlist. We encourage you to approach us. We hope to hear from you in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]], but we also hope to see you at our bi-monthly Talk to Us meetings! These will be hosted at two different times friendly to time zones around the globe. We will begin our first meeting '''September 15th at 23:00 UTC'''. More details about the agenda and format coming soon! === Brainstorm and draft proposals before the proposal phase === If you have early ideas for wishes, you can use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|new Community Wishlist Survey sandbox]]. This way, you will not forget about these before January 2022. You will be able to come back and refine your ideas. Remember, edits in the sandbox don't count as wishes! === Feedback === * What should we do to improve the Wishlist pages? * How would you like to use our new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|sandbox?]] * What, if any, risks do you foresee in our decision to change the date of the Wishlist 2022? * What will help more people participate in the Wishlist 2022? Answer on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]] (in any language you prefer) or at our Talk to Us meetings. </div> [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۵:۲۳, ۷ ستمبر ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21980442 --> == Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee ending 14 September 2021 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content"/>Movement Strategy announces [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee|the Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee]]. The Call opens August 2, 2021 and closes September 14, 2021. The Committee is expected to represent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Diversity_and_Expertise_Matrices|diversity in the Movement]]. Diversity includes gender, language, geography, and experience. This comprises participation in projects, affiliates, and the Wikimedia Foundation. English fluency is not required to become a member. If needed, translation and interpretation support is provided. Members will receive an allowance to offset participation costs. It is US$100 every two months. We are looking for people who have some of the following [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Role_Requirements|skills]]: * Know how to write collaboratively. (demonstrated experience is a plus) * Are ready to find compromises. * Focus on inclusion and diversity. * Have knowledge of community consultations. * Have intercultural communication experience. * Have governance or organization experience in non-profits or communities. * Have experience negotiating with different parties. The Committee is expected to start with 15 people. If there are 20 or more candidates, a mixed election and selection process will happen. If there are 19 or fewer candidates, then the process of selection without election takes place. Will you help move Wikimedia forward in this important role? Submit your candidacy [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Candidate_Statements|here]]. Please contact strategy2030[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with questions.<section end="announcement-content"/> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۲۲:۰۲, ۱۰ ستمبر ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=22002240 --> == Server switch == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, 14 September 2021'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 14 September 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1631628049 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday, 15 September). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div></div> [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) ۰۵:۴۵, ۱۱ ستمبر ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21980442 --> == Talk to the Community Tech == [[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|{{dir|{{pagelang}}|left|right}}|frameless|50px]] [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/2021-09 Talk to Us|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Community_Wishlist_Survey/Updates/2021-09_Talk_to_Us&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] Hello! As we have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|recently announced]], we, the team working on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]], would like to invite you to an online meeting with us. It will take place on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210915T2300 '''September 15th, 23:00 UTC'''] on Zoom, and will last an hour. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 '''Click here to join''']. '''Agenda''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Status report 1#Prioritization Process|How we prioritize the wishes to be granted]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|Why we decided to change the date]] from November 2021 to January 2022 * Update on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages|disambiguation]] and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|real-time preview]] wishes * Questions and answers '''Format''' The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes without attribution will be taken and published on Meta-Wiki. The presentation (first three points in the agenda) will be given in English. We can answer questions asked in English, French, Polish, and Spanish. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|on the Community Wishlist Survey talk page]] or send to sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] manager) will be hosting this meeting. '''Invitation link''' * [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 Join online] * Meeting ID: 898 2861 5390 * One tap mobile ** +16465588656,,89828615390# US (New York) ** +16699006833,,89828615390# US (San Jose) * [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kctR45AI8o Dial by your location] See you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) ۰۸:۰۳, ۱۱ ستمبر ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21980442 --> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> == Select You the question statements for candidates of Drafting Committee Movement Charter == Into 2021-10-04 11:59:59 UTC you can select [[:m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Election Compass Statements|question statements]] for the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates|candidates]] of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|Drafting Committee]] [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter|Movement Charter]]. ✍️ [[ورتنوالا:Dušan Kreheľ|Dušan Kreheľ]] ([[ورتن گل بات:Dušan Kreheľ|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/Dušan Kreheľ|کم]]) ۰۷:۴۶, ۳۰ ستمبر ۲۰۲۱ (PKT)</div> == Voting for the election for the members for the Movement Charter drafting committee is now open == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content"/> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/MCDC Voter Email short 12-10-2021|{{int:otherlanguages}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/MCDC Voter Email short 12-10-2021}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Voting for the election for the members for the Movement Charter drafting committee is now open. In total, 70 Wikimedians from around the world are running for 7 seats in these elections. '''Voting is open from October 12 to October 24, 2021.''' The committee will consist of 15 members in total: The online communities vote for 7 members, 6 members will be selected by the Wikimedia affiliates through a parallel process, and 2 members will be appointed by the Wikimedia Foundation. The plan is to assemble the committee by November 1, 2021. Learn about each candidate to inform your vote in the language that you prefer: <https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates> Learn about the Drafting Committee: <https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee> We are piloting a voting advice application for this election. Click yourself through the tool and you will see which candidate is closest to you! Check at <https://mcdc-election-compass.toolforge.org/> Read the full announcement: <https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections> '''Go vote at SecurePoll on:''' <https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections> Best, Movement Strategy & Governance Team, Wikimedia Foundation <section end="announcement-content"/> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۷:۲۵, ۱۴ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=22185710 --> == Learn how Movement Strategy Implementation Grants can support your Movement Strategy plans == <section begin="announcement-content"/>Movement Strategy Implementation grants now provide more than $2,000 USD to put Movement Strategy plans into action. Find out more about [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:MSIG/About|Movement Strategy Implementation grants, the criteria, and how to apply]].<section end="annoumcent-content"/> [[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)#top|talk]]) 13:30, 29 October 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)/Delivery&oldid=22247589 --> == Meet the new Movement Charter Drafting Committee members == <section begin="announcement-content"/> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Movement Charter Drafting Committee election and selection processes are complete. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results|election results have been published]]. 1018 participants voted to elect seven members to the committee: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_Knipel_(Pharos)|Richard Knipel (Pharos)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anne_Clin_(Risker)|Anne Clin (Risker)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Alice_Wiegand_(lyzzy)|Alice Wiegand (Lyzzy)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Micha%C5%82_Buczy%C5%84ski_(Aegis_Maelstrom)|Michał Buczyński (Aegis Maelstrom)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_(Nosebagbear)|Richard (Nosebagbear)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ravan_J_Al-Taie_(Ravan)|Ravan J Al-Taie (Ravan)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ciell_(Ciell)|Ciell (Ciell)]]'''. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Affiliate-chosen_members|affiliate process]] has selected six members: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anass_Sedrati_(Anass_Sedrati)|Anass Sedrati (Anass Sedrati)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#%C3%89rica_Azzellini_(EricaAzzellini)|Érica Azzellini (EricaAzzellini)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Jamie_Li-Yun_Lin_(Li-Yun_Lin)|Jamie Li-Yun Lin (Li-Yun Lin)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Georges_Fodouop_(Geugeor)|Georges Fodouop (Geugeor)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Manavpreet_Kaur_(Manavpreet_Kaur)|Manavpreet Kaur (Manavpreet Kaur)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Pepe_Flores_(Padaguan)|Pepe Flores (Padaguan)]]'''. * The Wikimedia Foundation has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Wikimedia_Foundation-chosen_members|appointed]] two members: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Runa_Bhattacharjee_(Runab_WMF)|Runa Bhattacharjee (Runab WMF)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Jorge_Vargas_(JVargas_(WMF))|Jorge Vargas (JVargas (WMF))]]'''. The committee will convene soon to start its work. The committee can appoint up to three more members to bridge diversity and expertise gaps. If you are interested in engaging with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Movement Charter]] drafting process, follow the updates [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|on Meta]] and join the [https://t.me/joinchat/U-4hhWtndBjhzmSf Telegram group]. With thanks from the Movement Strategy and Governance team<section end="announcement-content"/> ۲۰:۵۳, ۵ نومبر ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)/Delivery&oldid=22300322 --> == Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content /> :''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Board of Trustees is preparing a call for feedback about the upcoming Board Elections, from January 7 - February 10, 2022. While details will be finalized the week before the call, we have confirmed at least two questions that will be asked during this call for feedback: * What is the best way to ensure fair representation of emerging communities among the Board? * What involvement should candidates have during the election? While additional questions may be added, the Movement Strategy and Governance team wants to provide time for community members and affiliates to consider and prepare ideas on the confirmed questions before the call opens. We apologize for not having a complete list of questions at this time. The list of questions should only grow by one or two questions. The intention is to not overwhelm the community with requests, but provide notice and welcome feedback on these important questions. '''Do you want to help organize local conversation during this Call?''' Contact the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance team]] on Meta, on [https://t.me/wmboardgovernancechat Telegram], or via email at msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org. Reach out if you have any questions or concerns. The Movement Strategy and Governance team will be minimally staffed until January 3. Please excuse any delayed response during this time. We also recognize some community members and affiliates are offline during the December holidays. We apologize if our message has reached you while you are on holiday. Best, Movement Strategy and Governance<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> {{int:thank-you}} [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۲۲:۵۶, ۲۷ دسمبر ۲۰۲۱ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=22502754 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2022 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competion. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles focused on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of suggested articles [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/List of Articles|here]]. You can also support us in organizing the contest on your local Wikipedia by signing up your community to participate in this project and also translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. Learn more about the contest and prizes from our project page. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2022|talk page]] or via Email if you need any assistance... Thank you. '''Feminism and Folklore Team''', [[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]] --۱۰:۴۹, ۱۱ جنوری ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wlf&oldid=22574381 --> == Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" />:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now open and will close on 7 February 2022. With this Call for Feedback, the Movement Strategy and Governance team is taking a different approach. This approach incorporates community feedback from 2021. Instead of leading with proposals, the Call is framed around key questions from the Board of Trustees. The key questions came from the feedback about the 2021 Board of Trustees election. The intention is to inspire collective conversation and collaborative proposal development about these key questions. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Join the conversation.]] Best, Movement Strategy and Governance<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۶:۰۴, ۱۵ جنوری ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=22610145 --> == Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 5 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="ucoc-newsletter"/> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 5, January 2022'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the fifth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News (formerly known as Universal Code of Conduct News)! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board elections and other relevant MSG topics. This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly or bi-weekly to subscribers. Please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive these updates. <div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> *'''Call for Feedback about the Board elections''' - We invite you to give your feedback on the upcoming WMF Board of Trustees election. This call for feedback went live on 10th January 2022 and will be concluded on 16th February 2022. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Call for Feedback about the Board elections|continue reading]]) *'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification''' - In 2021, the WMF asked communities about how to enforce the Universal Code of Conduct policy text. The revised draft of the enforcement guidelines should be ready for community vote in March. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Universal Code of Conduct Ratification|continue reading]]) *'''Movement Strategy Implementation Grants''' - As we continue to review several interesting proposals, we encourage and welcome more proposals and ideas that target a specific initiative from the Movement Strategy recommendations. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Movement Strategy Implementation Grants|continue reading]]) *'''The New Direction for the Newsletter''' - As the UCoC Newsletter transitions into MSG Newsletter, join the facilitation team in envisioning and deciding on the new directions for this newsletter. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#The New Direction for the Newsletter|continue reading]]) *'''Diff Blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about MSG on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])</div><section end="ucoc-newsletter"/> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۸:۲۸, ۲۹ جنوری ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=22704115 --> == Updates on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines Review == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello everyone, The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees released a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/January 2022 - Board of Trustees on Community ratification of enforcement guidelines of UCoC|statement on the ratification process]] for the '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]]'''. The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The UCoC and the Enforcement Guidelines were written by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|volunteer-staff drafting committees]] following community consultations. The revised guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. There is a [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Changes|list of changes made]] to the guidelines after the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|enforcement draft guidelines review]]. '''Comments about the guidelines can be shared [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on the Enforcement Guidelines talk page on Meta-wiki]].''' To help to understand the guidelines and process, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team will be hosting Conversation Hours on 4 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC, 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC, and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|Join the conversation hours to speak with the UCoC project team and drafting committee members about the updated guidelines and voting process]].''' The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Project#Timeline|timeline is available on Meta-wiki]]. The voting period is March 7 to 21. All eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the Enforcement guidelines, and share why. '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|See the voting information page for more details]].''' Many participants from across the movement have provided valuable input in these ongoing conversations. The UCoC and MSG teams want to thank the Drafting Committee and the community members for their contributions to this process. Sincerely, Movement Strategy and Governance<br/> Wikimedia Foundation<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۸:۵۵, ۴ فروری ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=22704115 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Leadership Development Task Force: Your feedback is appreciated</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" />:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Community Development team at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting the creation of a global, community-driven Leadership Development Task Force. The purpose of the task force is to advise leadership development work. The team is looking for feedback about the responsibilities of the Leadership Development Task Force. This Meta page shares the proposal for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force|Leadership Development Task Force]] and how [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Participate|you can help.]] Feedback on the proposal will be collected from 7 to 25 February 2022.<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۷:۳۵, ۹ فروری ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=22796821 --> == Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">{{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]] Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team, We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc. We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language. Best wishes, '''International Team'''<br /> '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۰۹:۵۰, ۲۲ فروری ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=22754428 --> == Coming soon == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> === Several improvements around templates === Hello, from March 9, several improvements around templates will become available on your wiki: * Fundamental improvements of the [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor template dialog]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]), * Improvements to make it easier to put a template on a page ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|3]]) (for the template dialogs in [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor]], [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor#/media/File:VectorEditorBasic-en.png|2010 Wikitext]] and [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|New Wikitext Mode]]), * and improvements in the syntax highlighting extension [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|4]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|5]]) (which is available on wikis with writing direction left-to-right). All these changes are part of the “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. We hope they will help you in your work, and we would love to hear your feedback on the talk pages of these projects. </div> - [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ۱۷:۳۸, ۲۸ فروری ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=22907463 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Remember to Participate in the UCoC Conversations and Ratification Vote!</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello everyone, A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|'''vote in SecurePoll from 7 to 21 March 2022''']] is scheduled as part of the ratification process for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement guidelines. Eligible voters are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|Read voter information and eligibility details.]] During the poll, voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the Universal Code of Conduct based on the proposed guidelines. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/January_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Community_ratification_of_enforcement_guidelines_of_UCoC|Wikimedia Foundation Board statement]] calls for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|ratification process]] where eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the UCoC Enforcement guidelines in a vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. For more information about the UCoC, please see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|project page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions]] on Meta-wiki. There are events scheduled to learn more and discuss: * A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations/Panel_Q&A|community panel]] recorded on 18 February 2022 shares perspectives from small- and medium-sized community participants. * The [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team is hosting Conversation Hours on 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations|'''sign-up''']] to interact with the project team and the drafting committee about the updated enforcement guidelines and the ratification process. See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2022_conversation_hour_summaries|Conversation Hour summaries]] for notes from 4 February 2022 and 25 February 2022. You can comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact either team by email: msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org or ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org Sincerely, Movement Strategy and Governance <br /> Wikimedia Foundation <br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۷:۱۷, ۲ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=22916674 --> {{پنجابی گنتی}} {{پنجابی گنتی}} == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting open from 7 to 21 March 2022</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello everyone, The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|read more about the UCoC project]]. You can also comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact the team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org Sincerely, Movement Strategy and Governance Wikimedia Foundation<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۵:۵۲, ۸ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=22962850 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Invitation to Hubs event: Global Conversation on 2022-03-12 at 13:00 UTC</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" />Hello! The Movement Strategy and Governance team of the Wikimedia Foundation would like to invite you to the next event about "Regional and Thematic Hubs". The Wikimedia Movement is in the process of understanding what Regional and Thematic Hubs should be. Our workshop in November was a good start ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Documentation/27 November Workshop|read the report]]), but we're not finished yet. Over the last weeks we conducted about 16 interviews with groups working on establishing a Hub in their context ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Dialogue|see Hubs Dialogue]]). These interviews informed a report that will serve as a foundation for discussion on March 12. The report is planned to be published on March 9. The event will take place on March 12, 13:00 to 16:00 UTC on Zoom. Interpretation will be provided in French, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, and Portuguese. Registration is open, and will close on March 10. Anyone interested in the topic is invited to join us. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022|More information on the event on Meta-wiki]]'''. Best regards, [[m:User:KVaidla (WMF)|Kaarel Vaidla]]<br />Movement Strategy <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> ۰۶:۳۱, ۱۰ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=22974079 --> == Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow == [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]] International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. ([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram]) The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]] A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]]. We look forward for your immense co-operation. Thanks Wiki Loves Folklore international Team [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۱۹:۴۰, ۱۴ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=22754428 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Leadership Development Working Group: Apply to join! (14 March to 10 April 2022)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello everyone, Thank you to everyone who participated in the feedback period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group|Leadership Development Working Group]] initiative. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate#5. Summary of Call for Feedback|summary of the feedback]] can be found on Meta-wiki. This feedback will be shared with the working group to inform their work. The application period to join the Working Group is now open and will close on April 10, 2022. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Purpose_and_Structure#3._How_is_the_working_group_formed_and_structured?|review the information about the working group]], share with community members who might be interested, and '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Participate#1._How_to_participate|apply if you are interested]]'''. Thank you, From the Community Development team<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۷:۲۰, ۱۸ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=22974079 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2022 ends soon == {{پنجابی گنتی}} {{پنجابی گنتی}} [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|right|frameless|250px]] [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]] which is an international writing contest organized at Wikipedia ends soon that is on <b>31 March 2022 11:59 UTC</b>. This is the last chance of the year to write about feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics such as <i>folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more</i> Keep an eye on the project page for declaration of Winners. We look forward for your immense co-operation. Thanks Wiki Loves Folklore international Team [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۱۹:۲۹, ۲۶ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/fnf&oldid=23060054 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting is now closed</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Greetings, The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) came to a close on 21 March 2022. Over {{#expr:2300}} Wikimedians voted across different regions of our movement. Thank you to everyone who participated in this process! The scrutinizing group is now reviewing the vote for accuracy, so please allow up to two weeks for them to finish their work. The final results from the voting process will be announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|here]], along with the relevant statistics and a summary of comments as soon as they are available. Please check out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|the voter information page]] to learn about the next steps. You can comment on the project talk page [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on Meta-wiki]] in any language. You may also contact the UCoC project team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org Best regards, Movement Strategy and Governance<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۶:۵۳, ۳۰ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23079949 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 6</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="msg-newsletter"/> <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 6, April 2022'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the sixth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board of trustees elections and other relevant MSG topics. This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while the more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> *'''Leadership Development -''' A Working Group is Forming! - The application to join the Leadership Development Working Group closed on April 10th, 2022, and up to 12 community members will be selected to participate in the working group. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A1|continue reading]]) *'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification Results are out! -''' The global decision process on the enforcement of the UCoC via SecurePoll was held from 7 to 21 March. Over 2,300 eligible voters from at least 128 different home projects submitted their opinions and comments. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A2|continue reading]]) *'''Movement Discussions on Hubs -''' The Global Conversation event on Regional and Thematic Hubs was held on Saturday, March 12, and was attended by 84 diverse Wikimedians from across the movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A3|continue reading]]) *'''Movement Strategy Grants Remain Open! -''' Since the start of the year, six proposals with a total value of about $80,000 USD have been approved. Do you have a movement strategy project idea? Reach out to us! ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A4|continue reading]]) *'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee is All Set! -''' The Committee of fifteen members which was elected in October 2021, has agreed on the essential values and methods for its work, and has started to create the outline of the Movement Charter draft. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A5|continue reading]]) *'''Introducing Movement Strategy Weekly -''' Contribute and Subscribe! - The MSG team have just launched the updates portal, which is connected to the various Movement Strategy pages on Meta-wiki. Subscriber to get up-to-date news about the various ongoing projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A6|continue reading]]) *'''Diff Blogs -''' Check out the most recent publications about Movement Strategy on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A7|continue reading]]) </div><section end="msg-newsletter"/> </div> Also, a draft of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|'''2022-23 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan''']] has been published. Input is being sought on-wiki and during [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations|'''several conversations''' with Wikimedia Foundation CEO Maryana Iskander]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|See full announcement on Meta-wiki]]. [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۶:۴۵, ۲۲ اپریل ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23184989 --> == New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now - April 2022 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] has free access to new paywalled reliable sources. You can these and dozens more collections at https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/128/ Wiley]''' – journals, books, and research resources, covering life, health, social, and physical sciences * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/125/ OECD]''' – OECD iLibrary, Data, and Multimedia​​ published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/129/ SPIE Digital Library]''' – journals and eBooks on optics and photonics applied research Many other sources are freely available for experienced editors, including collections which recently became accessible to all eligible editors: Cambridge University Press, BMJ, AAAS, Érudit and more. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: log in today! <br>--The Wikipedia Library Team ۱۸:۱۷, ۲۶ اپریل ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=23036656 --> == Coming soon: Improvements for templates == {{پنجابی گنتی}} {{پنجابی گنتی}} <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog (example from a left-to-right wiki).]] Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon: The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. ([[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]]) Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. We would love to [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|hear your feedback]]! </div> [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ۱۵:۵۷, ۲۹ اپریل ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=23222047 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Editing news 2022 #1</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="message"/><i>[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2022/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</i> [[File:Junior Contributor New Topic Tool Completion Rate.png|thumb|New editors were more successful with this new tool.]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New discussion tool|New topic tool]] helps editors create new ==Sections== on discussion pages. New editors are more successful with this new tool. You can [[mw:Talk pages project/New topic#21 April 2022|read the report]]. Soon, the Editing team will offer this to all editors at the 20 Wikipedias that participated in the test. You will be able to turn it off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].<section end="message"/> </div> [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ۲۳:۵۵, ۲ مئی ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=22019984 --> == 2022 Board of Trustees Call for Candidates == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Board of Trustees seeks candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates|'''Read more on Meta-wiki.''']] The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is here! Please consider submitting your candidacy to serve on the Board of Trustees. The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's operations. Community-and-affiliate selected trustees and Board-appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees. The Wikimedia community will vote to fill two seats on the Board in 2022. This is an opportunity to improve the representation, diversity, and expertise of the Board as a team. ;Who are potential candidates? Are you a potential candidate? Find out more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Apply to be a Candidate page]]. Thank you for your support, Movement Strategy and Governance on behalf of the Elections Committee and the Board of Trustees<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> ۱۵:۳۹, ۱۰ مئی ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23215441 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello all, We'd like to provide an update on the work on the Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct. After the conclusion of the community vote on the guidelines in March, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs committee (CAC)]] of the Board [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JAYQN3NYKCHQHONMUONYTI6WRKZFQNSC/ asked that several areas of the guidelines be reviewed for improvements] before the Board does its final review. These areas were identified based on community discussions and comments provided during the vote. The CAC also requested review of the controversial Note in 3.1 of the UCoC itself. Once more, a big thank you to all who voted, especially to all who left constructive feedback and comments! The project team is working with the Board to establish a timeline for this work, and will communicate this next month. Members of the two prior [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|UCoC Drafting Committees]] have generously offered their time to help shape improvements to the Guidelines. You can read more about them and their work [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee#Revisions_Committee|here]], as well as read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee/Phase_2_meeting_summaries#2022|summaries of their weekly meetings in 2022]]. Wikimedians have provided many valuable comments together with the vote and in other conversations. Given the size and diversity of the Wikimedia community, there are even more voices out there who can give ideas on how to improve the enforcement guidelines and add even more valuable ideas to the process. To help the Revisions committee identify improvements, input on several questions for the committee’s review is requested. Visit the Meta-wiki pages ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|Enforcement Guidelines revision discussions]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Policy text/Revision_discussions|Policy text revision discussions]]) to get your ideas to the Committee - it is very important that viewpoints are heard from different communities before the Committee begins drafting revision proposals. On behalf of the UCoC project team <br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۳:۵۶, ۴ جون ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23215441 --> == Results of Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 is out! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hi, Greetings The winners for '''[[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' is announced! We are happy to share with you winning images for this year's edition. This year saw over 8,584 images represented on commons in over 92 countries. Kindly see images '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Winners|here]]''' Our profound gratitude to all the people who participated and organized local contests and photo walks for this project. We hope to have you contribute to the campaign next year. '''Thank you,''' '''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' --[[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۲۱:۱۳, ۴ جولائی ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=23454230 --> == Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass == :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hi all, Community members in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|propose statements to use in the Election Compass.]] An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views. ;Here is the timeline for the Election Compass: * July 8 - 20: Community members propose statements for the Election Compass * July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements * July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements * August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements * August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements * August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August. The Elections Committee will oversee the process, supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance team. MSG will check that the questions are clear, there are no duplicates, no typos, and so on. Best, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|talk]]) ۱۶:۳۴, ۱۴ جولائی ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23215441 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 7</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="msg-newsletter"/> <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation. The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> * '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continue reading]]) * '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]]) * '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]]) * '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]]) * '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]]) * '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]]) * '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]]) * '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]]) * '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]]) * '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]]) </div><section end="msg-newsletter"/> </div> Thank you for reading! [[User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۰۶:۳۷, ۱۸ جولائی ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23529147 --> == Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election == <section begin="announcement-content"/> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hi everyone, '''The Affiliate voting process has concluded.''' Representatives from each Affiliate organization learned about the candidates by reading candidates’ statements, reviewing candidates’ answers to questions, and considering the candidates’ ratings provided by the Analysis Committee. The selected 2022 Board of Trustees candidates are: * Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[:m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]]) * Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[:m:User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]]) * Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[:m:User:Esh77|Esh77]]) * Kunal Mehta ([[:m:User:Legoktm|Legoktm]]) * Michał Buczyński ([[:m:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]]) * Mike Peel ([[:m:User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]]) You may see more information about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Results]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|Statistics]] of this Board election. Please take a moment to appreciate the Affiliate Representatives and Analysis Committee members for taking part in this process and helping to grow the Board of Trustees in capacity and diversity. These hours of volunteer work connect us across understanding and perspective. Thank you for your participation. Thank you to the community members who put themselves forward as candidates for the Board of Trustees. Considering joining the Board of Trustees is no small decision. The time and dedication candidates have shown to this point speaks to their commitment to this movement. Congratulations to those candidates who have been selected. A great amount of appreciation and gratitude for those candidates not selected. Please continue to share your leadership with Wikimedia. Thank you to those who followed the Affiliate process for this Board election. You may review the results of the Affiliate selection process. '''The next part of the Board election process is the community voting period.''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022#Timeline|You may view the Board election timeline here]]. To prepare for the community voting period, there are several things community members can engage with in the following ways: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Read candidates’ statements]] and read the candidates’ answers to the questions posed by the Affiliate Representatives. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Questions_for_Candidates|Propose and select the 6 questions for candidates to answer during their video Q&A]]. * See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee’s ratings of candidates on each candidate’s statement]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community Voting/Election Compass|Propose statements for the Election Compass]] voters can use to find which candidates best fit their principles. * Encourage others in your community to take part in the election. Best, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee'' </div><section end="announcement-content"/> [[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ۱۹:۰۳, ۲۷ جولائی ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23530132 --> == Vote for Election Compass Statements == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hi all, Volunteers in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|vote for statements to use in the Election Compass]]. You can vote for the statements you would like to see included in the Election Compass on Meta-wiki. An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views. Here is the timeline for the Election Compass: *<s>July 8 - 20: Volunteers propose statements for the Election Compass</s> *<s>July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements</s> *July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements *August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements *August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements *August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August Best, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee'' </div><section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ۰۲:۰۱, ۲۸ جولائی ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23530132 --> <div class="mw-content-ltr"> == Management of files == Hello everyone! Sorry to write in English. It is only legal for Wikipedia to host files if they have a valid license (see [[:wmf:Resolution:Licensing_policy]]). Either a free license or a non-free license. All files without a license must be deleted. So either all files must be checked or a license have to be added or the file must be deleted. I added information to [[:فائل:Islamabad United.png]] but had to copy the templates from enwiki to make it work. I also created {{tl|Information}} that shold be used on free files. Since pnbwiki only have 225 files and no new files are uploaded perhaps it would simply be easier to delete all files instead of creating the templates needed. --[[ورتنوالا:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MGA73|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MGA73|کم]]) ۱۸:۲۶, ۳۱ جولائی ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) Hello again! I have added files without a license to [[:Category:Files with no license]]. You can Click [https://usualsuspects.toolforge.org/?language=pnb&project=wikipedia&category=Files_with_no_license&min_days=14&badboys=Bad+Boys here to see who uploaded] the files. Sadly most of the users are no longer active. If no license is added the files have to be deleted. You can help by 1) Adding a license and source if possible or 2) replacing the files with a free file. --[[ورتنوالا:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MGA73|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MGA73|کم]]) ۱۹:۴۵, ۲۸ اگست ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) </div> == The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hi everyone, The Community Voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Here are some helpful links to get you the information you need to vote: * Try the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|Election Compass]], showing how candidates stand on 15 different topics. * Read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|candidate statements]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Affiliate_Organization_Participation/Candidate_Questions|answers to Affiliate questions]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Learn more about the skills the Board seeks]] and how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee found candidates align with those skills]] If you are ready to vote, you may go to [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_Elections_2022|SecurePoll voting page]] to vote now. '''You may vote from August 23 at 00:00 UTC to September 6 at 23:59 UTC.''' To see about your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. Best, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23708360 --> == Invitation to join the Movement Strategy Forum == :''{{More languages}}'' <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello everyone, The [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/ Movement Strategy Forum] (MS Forum) is a multilingual collaborative space for all conversations about Movement Strategy implementation. We are inviting all Movement participants to collaborate on the MS Forum. The goal of the forum is to build community collaboration, using an inclusive multilingual platform. The [[m:Movement Strategy|Movement Strategy]] is a collaborative effort to imagine and build the future of the Wikimedia Movement. Anyone can contribute to the Movement Strategy, from a comment to a full-time project. ;Join this forum with your Wikimedia account, engage in conversations, and ask questions in your language. The Movement Strategy and Governance team (MSG) launched the proposal for the MS Forum in May 2022. There was a 2-month community review period, which ended on 24 July 2022. The community review process included several questions that resulted in interesting conversations. You can read the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/ms-forum-community-review-report/1436 Community Review Report]. We look forward to seeing you at the MS Forum! Best regards, the Movement Strategy and Governance Team [[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ۱۶:۳۲, ۲۹ اگست ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23720620 --> == The Vector 2022 skin as the default in two weeks? == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Wikimania 2022 Vector (2022) Presentation.pdf|thumb|The slides for our presentation at Wikimania 2022|page=26]] Hello. I'm writing on behalf of the [[mw:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]]. '''In two weeks, we would like to make the Vector 2022 skin the default on this wiki.''' We have been working on it for the past three years. So far, it has been the default on more than 30 wikis, including sister projects, all accounting for more than 1 billion pageviews per month. On average [[phab:T317529#8246686|87% of active logged-in users]] of those wikis use Vector 2022. It would become the default for all logged-out users, and also all logged-in users who currently use Vector legacy. Logged-in users can at any time switch to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|any other skins]]. No changes are expected for users of these skins. <div style="width:100%; margin:auto;"><gallery widths="220" heights="150" mode="packed" caption="Top of an article"> Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 top.png|Vector legacy (current default) Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 top.png|Vector 2022 </gallery><gallery widths="220" heights="150" mode="packed" caption="A section of an article"> Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 scrolled.png|Vector legacy (current default) Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 scrolled.png|Vector 2022 </gallery></div> === About the skin === '''[Why is a change necessary]''' The current default skin meets the needs of the readers and editors as these were 13 years ago. Since then, new users have begun using Wikimedia projects. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2022/08/18/prioritizing-equity-within-wikipedias-new-desktop/ The old Vector doesn't meet their needs.] '''[Objective]''' The objective for the new skin is to make the interface more welcoming and comfortable for readers and useful for advanced users. It draws inspiration from previous requests, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey|Community Wishlist Surveys]], and gadgets and scripts. The work helped our code follow the standards and improve all other skins. [[phab:phame/post/view/290/how_and_why_we_moved_our_skins_to_mustache/|We reduced PHP code in Wikimedia deployed skins by 75%]]. The project has also focused on making it easier to support gadgets and use APIs. '''[Changes and test results]''' The skin introduces a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features|series of changes]] that improve readability and usability. The new skin does not remove any functionality currently available on the Vector skin. * The sticky header makes it easier to find tools that editors use often. It decreases scrolling to the top of the page by 16%. * The new table of contents makes it easier to navigate to different sections. Readers and editors jumped to different sections of the page 50% more than with the old table of contents. It also looks a bit different on talk pages. * The new search bar is easier to find and makes it easier to find the correct search result from the list. This increased the amount of searches started by 30% on the wikis we tested on. * The skin does not negatively affect pageviews, edit rates, or account creation. There is evidence of increases in pageviews and account creation across partner communities. '''[Try it out]''' Try out the new skin by going to the appearance tab in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your preferences]] and selecting Vector 2022 from the list of skins. === How can editors change and customize this skin? === It's possible to configure and personalize our changes. We support volunteers who create new gadgets and user scripts. Check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Repository|our repository]] for a list of currently available customizations, or add your own. === Our plan === '''If no large concerns are raised, we plan on deploying in the week of October 3, 2022'''. If your community would like to request more time to discuss the changes, hit the button and write to us. We can adjust the calendar. <div style="text-align: center;">[[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|<span class="plainlinks mw-ui-button">Request for more time to discuss the change</span>]]</div> If you'd like ask our team anything, if you have questions, concerns, or additional thoughts, please ping me here or write on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|talk page of the project]]. We will gladly answer! Also, [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Frequently asked questions|see our FAQ]]. Thank you! [[mw:User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۹:۱۵, ۲۲ ستمبر ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Varia&oldid=23838600 --> == Update on Vector 2022 == [[File:Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 scrolled.png|thumb]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello. I'm sorry for not communicating in your language. I'll be grateful if you translated my message. I'm writing on behalf of the [[mw:Reading/Web|Web team]] working on the new skin, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector 2022]]. We wanted to apologize for the delays in the deployment of Vector 2022. We know many of you are waiting for this eagerly. We have been delaying the deployment because we have been working on the logos. It has taken us more time than originally expected. Once the logos are ready, we will let you know the exact date of deployment. '''We are planning for either the next (more likely) or the following week'''. If your wiki doesn't currently have a localized logo, we encourage you to [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|reach out to us]] and we can help make one. We invite you to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements#contact|get involved in the project]]. Contact us if you have any questions or need any help, particularly with the compatibility of gadgets and user scripts. Thank you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۴:۲۴, ۲۰ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Varia&oldid=23955535 --> == Invitation to attend “Ask Me Anything about Movement Charter” Sessions == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Announcement/Ask Me Anything Sessions|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Announcement/Ask Me Anything Sessions|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Announcement/Ask Me Anything Sessions}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] Hello all, During the 2022 Wikimedia Summit, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|Movement Charter Drafting Committee]] (MCDC) presented the first outline of the Movement Charter, giving a glimpse on the direction of its future work, and the Charter itself. The MCDC then integrated the initial feedback collected during the Summit. Before proceeding with writing the Charter for the whole Movement, the MCDC wants to interact with community members and gather feedback on the drafts of the three sections: Preamble, Values & Principles, and Roles & Responsibilities (intentions statement). The Movement Charter drafts will be available on the Meta page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content|here]] on November 14, 2022. Community wide consultation period on MC will take place from November 20 to December 18, 2022. Learn more about it [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation|here]]. With the goal of ensuring that people are well informed to fully participate in the conversations and are empowered to contribute their perspective on the Movement Charter, three '''“Ask Me Anything about Movement Charter"''' sessions have been scheduled in different time zones. Everyone in the Wikimedia Movement is invited to attend these conversations. The aim is to learn about Movement Charter - its goal, purpose, why it matters, and how it impacts your community. MCDC members will attend these sessions to answer your questions and hear community feedback. The “Ask Me Anything” sessions accommodate communities from different time zones. Only the presentation of the session is recorded and shared afterwards, no recording of conversations. Below is the list of planned events: *<s>'''Asia/Pacific''': November 4, 2022 at 09:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1667552400 your local time]). Interpretation is available in Chinese and Japanese.</s> * '''Europe/MENA/Sub Saharan Africa''': November 12, 2022 at 15:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1668265257 your local time]). Interpretation is available in Arabic, French and Russian. * '''North and South America/ Western Europe''': November 12, 2022 at 15:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1668265257 your local time]). Interpretation is available in Spanish and Portuguese. On the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation|Meta page]] you will find more details; Zoom links will be shared 48 hours ahead of the call. '''Call for Movement Charter Ambassadors''' Individuals or groups from all communities who wish to help include and start conversations in their communities on the Movement Charter are encouraged to become [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|Movement Charter Ambassadors]] (MC Ambassadors). MC Ambassadors will carry out their own activities and get financial support for enabling conversations in their own languages. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Team|Regional facilitators]] from the Movement Strategy and Governance team are available to support applicants with MC Ambassadors grantmaking. If you are interested please sign up [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|here]]. Should you have specific questions, please reach out to the MSG team via email: strategy2030@wikimedia.org or on the MS forum. We thank you for your time and participation. On behalf of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ۲۰:۳۳, ۷ نومبر ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23914777 --> == Apply for Funding through the Movement Strategy Community Engagement Package to Support Your Community == :''{{More languages}}'' <section begin="announcement-content" /> The Wikimedia Movement Strategy implementation is a collaborative effort for all Wikimedians. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:MSIG/About|Movement Strategy Implementation Grants]] support projects that take the current state of a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy Initiative]] and push it one step forward. If you are looking for an example or some guide on how to engage your community further on Movement Strategy and the Movement Strategy Implementation Grants specifically, you may find this '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:MSIG/Community Engagement Package|community engagement package]]''' helpful. The goal of this community engagement package is to support more people to access the funding they might need for the implementation work. By becoming a recipient of this grant, you will be able to support other community members to develop further grant applications that fit with your local contexts to benefit your own communities. With this package, the hope is to break down language barriers and to ensure community members have needed information on Movement Strategy to connect with each other. Movement Strategy is a two-way exchange, we can always learn more from the experiences and knowledge of Wikimedians everywhere. We can train and support our peers by using this package, so more people can make use of this great funding opportunity. If this information interests you or if you have any further thoughts or questions, please do not hesitate to reach out to us as your [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Team|regional facilitators]] to discuss further. We will be more than happy to support you. When you are ready, follow the steps on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:MSIG/About |this page]] to apply. We look forward to receiving your application. Best regards, <br> Movement Strategy and Governance Team <br> Wikimedia Foundation<section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ۲۱:۲۶, ۱۴ نومبر ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23914777 --> == Opportunities open for the Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee == <section begin="announcement-content" /> <div style="margin:.2em 0 .5em;margin-{{#switch:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}|ar|arc|ary|arz|azb|bcc|bgn|ckb|bqi|dv|fa|fa-af|glk|ha-arab|he|kk-arab|kk-cn|ks|ku-arab|ms-arab|mzn|pnb|prd|ps|sd|ug|ur|ydd|yi=right|left}}:3ex;"> [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Announcement/2023 OC and CRC appointments process|''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'']] ''<span class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Announcement/2023 OC and CRC appointments process|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Announcement/2023 OC and CRC appointments process}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</span>'' </div> Hi everyone! The Ombuds commission (OC) and the Case Review Committee (CRC) are looking for members. People are encouraged to nominate themselves or encourage others they feel would contribute to these groups to do so. There is more information below about the opportunity and the skills that are needed. '''About the Ombuds commission''' The Ombuds commission (OC) works on all Wikimedia projects to investigate complaints about violations of the privacy policy, especially in use of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CheckUser policy|CheckUser]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Oversight policy|Oversight]] (also known as Suppression) tools. The Commission mediates between the parties of the investigation and, when violations of the policies are identified, advises the Wikimedia Foundation on best handling. They may also assist the General Counsel, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Board of Trustees of the Foundation in these investigations when legally necessary. For more on the OC's duties and roles, '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|see Ombuds commission on Meta-Wiki]]'''. Volunteers serving in this role should be experienced Wikimedians, active on any project, who have previously used the CheckUser/Oversight tools OR who have the technical ability to understand these tools and the willingness to learn them. They must be able to communicate in English, the common language of the commission. They are expected to be able to engage neutrally in investigating these concerns and to know when to recuse when other roles and relationships may cause conflict. Commissioners will serve '''two-year terms''' (note that this is different from past years, when the terms have been for one year). '''About the Case Review Committee''' The Case Review Committee (CRC) reviews appeals of eligible Trust & Safety office actions. The CRC is a critical layer of oversight to ensure that Wikimedia Foundation office actions are fair and unbiased. They also make sure the Wikimedia Foundation doesn’t overstep established practices or boundaries. For more about the role, '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Case Review Committee|see Case Review Committee on Meta-Wiki]]'''. We are looking for current or former functionaries and experienced volunteers with an interest in joining this group. Applicants must be fluent in English (additional languages are a strong plus) and willing to abide by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety/Case_Review_Committee/Charter|terms of the Committee charter]]. If the work resonates and you qualify, please apply. Committee members will serve '''two-year terms''' (note that this is different from past years, when the terms have been for one year). '''Applying to join either of these groups''' Members are required to sign the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Confidentiality agreement for nonpublic information|Confidentiality agreement for nonpublic information]] and must be willing to comply with the appropriate Wikimedia Foundation board policies (such as the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Access to nonpublic information policy|access to non-public information policy]] and the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Privacy policy|Foundation privacy policy]]). These positions requires a high degree of discretion and trust. Members must also be over 18 years of age. '''If you are interested in serving in either capacity listed above,''' please write in English to the Trust and Safety team at ca[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org (to apply to the OC) or to the Legal Team at legal[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org (to apply to the CRC) with information about: * Your primary projects * Languages you speak/write * Any experience you have serving on committees, whether movement or non-movement * Your thoughts on what you could bring to the OC or CRC if appointed * Any experience you have with the Checkuser or Oversight tools (OC only) * Any other information you think is relevant '''The deadline for applications is 31 December 2022 in any timezone.''' Please feel free to pass this invitation along to any users who you think may be qualified and interested. Thank you! On behalf of the Committee Support team,<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&oldid=23914777 --> == Community Wishlist Survey 2023 opens in January! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''{{int:Please-translate}}'' {{int:Hello}} The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023|'''Community Wishlist Survey (CWS) 2023''']], which lets contributors propose and vote for tools and improvements, starts next month on Monday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1674496831 23 January 2023, at 18:00 UTC] and will continue annually. We are inviting you to share your ideas for technical improvements to our tools and platforms. Long experience in editing or technical skills is not required. If you have ever used our software and thought of an idea to improve it, this is the place to come share those ideas! The dates for the phases of the Survey will be as follows: * Phase 1: Submit, discuss, and revise proposals – Monday, Jan 23, 2023 to Sunday, Feb 6, 2023 * Phase 2: WMF/Community Tech reviews and organizes proposals – Monday, Jan 30, 2023 to Friday, Feb 10, 2023 * Phase 3: Vote on proposals – Friday, Feb 10, 2023 to Friday, Feb 24, 2023 * Phase 4: Results posted – Tuesday, Feb 28, 2023 If you want to start writing out your ideas ahead of the Survey, you can start thinking about your proposals and draft them in [[m:Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|the CWS sandbox]]. We are grateful to all who participated last year. See you in January 2023! </div> {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Community Tech, [[m:User:STei (WMF)|STei (WMF)]]</bdi> ۱۷:۵۹, ۱۳ دسمبر ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:STei_(WMF)/CWS_2023_List&oldid=24226232 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2023 == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear Wiki Community, Christmas Greetings and a Happy New Year 2023, You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2023|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/List of Articles|list]] of suggested articles. Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project: # Create a page for the contest on the local wiki. # Set up a fountain tool or dashboard. # Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes. # Request local admins for site notice. # Link the local page and the fountain/dashboard link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta project page]]. This year we would be supporting the community's financial aid for Internet and childcare support. This would be provided for the local team including their jury and coordinator team. This support is opt-in and non mandatory. Kindly fill in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSea81OO0lVgUBd551iIiENXht7BRCISYZlKyBQlemZu_j2OHQ/viewform this Google form] and mark a mail to [mailto:support@wikilovesfolklore.org support@wikilovesfolklore.org] with the subject line starting as [Stipend] Name or Username/Language. The last date to sign up for internet and childcare aid from our team is 20th of January 2023, We encourage the language coordinators to sign up their community on this link by the 25th of January 2023. Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance. We look forward to your immense coordination. Thank you and Best wishes, [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023 International Team]] ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --[[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۱۵:۲۴, ۲۴ دسمبر ۲۰۲۲ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=23942484 --> == enable, configure wpcleaner == errors detected by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Check_Wikipedia Check Wiki project] can be fixed using [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WPCleaner WPCleaner]. i assume it requies admin to enable and configure. i request to enable on our wiki. thank you. -۰۷:۱۶, ۲۱ فروری ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) == Editing news 2023 #1 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="message"/><i>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2023/February|Read this in another language]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</i> This newsletter includes two key updates about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing team|Editing]] team's work: # The Editing team will finish adding new features to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|Talk pages project]] and deploy it. # They are beginning a new project, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]]. <strong>Talk pages project</strong> [[File:Page Frame Features on desktop.png|alt=Screenshot showing the talk page design changes that are currently available as beta features at all Wikimedia wikis. These features include information about the number of people and comments within each discussion.|thumb|300px|Some of the upcoming changes]] The Editing team is nearly finished with this first phase of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project|Talk pages project]]. Nearly all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|new features]] are available now in the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature for {{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}]]. It will show information about how active a discussion is, such as the date of the most recent comment. There will soon be a new "{{int:skin-action-addsection}}" button. You will be able to turn them off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]]. Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Talk_pages_project/Usability#c-PPelberg_(WMF)-20230215001000-Feedback:_Proposed_Revisions_to_%22Add_topic%22_button|tell them what you think]]. [[File:Daily edit completion rates mobile talk pages.png|thumb|300px|Daily edit completion rate by test group: DiscussionTools (test group) and MobileFrontend overlay (control group)]] An A/B test for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Mobile|{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}} on the mobile site]] has finished. Editors were [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Mobile#Status_Updates|more successful with {{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}]]. The Editing team is enabling these features for all editors on the mobile site. <strong>New Project: Edit Check</strong> The Editing team is beginning [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|a project to help new editors of Wikipedia]]. It will help people identify some problems before they click "{{int:publishchanges}}". The first tool will encourage people to add references when they add new content. Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist|watch]] that page for more information. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing_team/Community_Conversations#20230303|join a conference call on 3&nbsp;March&nbsp;2023]] to learn more.<section end="message"/> </div> –[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) ۰۴:۲۴, ۲۳ فروری ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=24611966 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Your wiki will be in read only soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-03-01|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-03-01T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-03-01T14:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-03-01|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> ۰۲:۲۱, ۲۸ فروری ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=24390465 --> == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023: We are back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2023 promo.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the third edition of writing challenge "'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2023. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023/Prizes|prizes]].<br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2023|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! </div> [[m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]]) 07:58, 1 March 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=23942484 --> {{پنجابی گنتی}} {{پنجابی گنتی}} == Cleaning up files == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hi, sorry to write in English! According to [[wmf:Resolution:Licensing_policy]] all files must have a valid license or they have to be deleted! Here is an overview of the files: {{پنجابی گنتی}} {{پنجابی گنتی}} Number of files '''{{formatnum:{{NUMBEROFFILES}}|R}}''' files. * Free: [[:Category:All free media]] ({{formatnum:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:All_free_media|files}}|R}} files) * Non-free: [[:Category:All non-free media]] ({{formatnum:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:All_non-free_media|files}}|R}} files) * No license: [[:Category:Files with no license]] ({{formatnum:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Files_with_no_license|files}}|R}} files) '''Question:''' Does pnb.wiki have a Exemption Doctrine Policy (EDP) so that non-free files can be kept as fair use? If not all non-free files have to be deleted. '''Question:''' Would anyone help to check if all files have a license, a source and an author? I have written to a few users about the files they uploaded. But some users are no longer active. So the files they uploaded probably have to be deleted. Files without a license must be deleted so it is important. --[[ورتنوالا:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MGA73|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MGA73|کم]]) ۱۶:۳۳, ۱۲ مارچ ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) : I noticed that pnb.wiki is not listed on [[:m:Non-free content]] and it has no page that matches [[:en:Wikipedia:Non-free content]]. I think there should be a formal policy and Exemption Doctrine Policy (EDP) to comply with [[wmf:Resolution:Licensing_policy]]. If there is a formal policy it should be added to meta. If there is no formal policy pnb.wiki should make one or delete all the non-free files. : It is NOT allowed to host non-free files without an EDP. --[[ورتنوالا:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MGA73|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MGA73|کم]]) ۲۲:۳۸, ۱۷ اپریل ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) ::The free files have now been checked and if possible moved to Commons. There are still files without a license to check. Please help check those (Click [https://usualsuspects.toolforge.org/?language=pnb&project=wikipedia&category=Files_with_no_license&min_days=14&badboys=Bad+Boys to see who uploaded] and look for own name). Also files nominated for deletion need admins to check/delete [[:گٹھ:امیدوار براۓ حذف شدگی]] --[[ورتنوالا:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MGA73|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MGA73|کم]]) ۲۳:۰۹, ۱۸ اپریل ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) </div> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Wikimania 2023 Welcoming Program Submissions</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="wikimania-program-submissions"/>[[File:Wikimania Singapore Logo.svg|right|frameless]]Do you want to host an in-person or virtual session at Wikimania 2023? Maybe a hands-on workshop, a lively discussion, a fun performance, a catchy poster, or a memorable lightning talk? [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2023:Program/Submissions|'''Submissions are open until March 28''']]. The event will have dedicated hybrid blocks, so virtual submissions and pre-recorded content are also welcome. If you have any questions, please join us at an upcoming conversation on March 12 or 19, or reach out by email at wikimania@wikimedia.org or on Telegram. More information on-wiki.<section end="wikimania-program-submissions"/> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=24390465 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Your wiki will be in read-only soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-04-26|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-04-26T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-04-26T14:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-04-26|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ۰۵:۴۱, ۲۱ اپریل ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=24748237 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Seeking volunteers for the next step in the Universal Code of Conduct process</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello, As follow-up to [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/IOMVS7W75ZYMABQGOQ2QH2JAURC3CHGH/ the message about the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines] by Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Vice Chair, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, I am reaching out about the next steps. I want to bring your attention to the next stage of the Universal Code of Conduct process, which is forming a building committee for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). I invite community members with experience and deep interest in community health and governance to nominate themselves to be part of the U4C building committee, which needs people who are: * Community members in good standing * Knowledgeable about movement community processes, such as, but not limited to, policy drafting, participatory decision making, and application of existing rules and policies on Wikimedia projects * Aware and appreciative of the diversity of the movement, such as, but not limited to, languages spoken, identity, geography, and project type * Committed to participate for the entire U4C Building Committee period from mid-May - December 2023 * Comfortable with engaging in difficult, but productive conversations * Confidently able to communicate in English The Building Committee shall consist of volunteer community members, affiliate board or staff, and Wikimedia Foundation staff. The Universal Code of Conduct has been a process strengthened by the skills and knowledge of the community and I look forward to what the U4C Building Committee creates. If you are interested in joining the Building Committee, please either [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee/Nominations|sign up on the Meta-Wiki page]], or contact ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org by May 12, 2023. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read more on Meta-Wiki]]'''. Best regards,<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۰:۰۰, ۲۷ اپریل ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=24941045 --> == Deletion request == I would like to request deletion of this page created by a cross-wiki spammer: * [[قانون_از_جے_پی]] Thanks! [[ورتنوالا:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[ورتن گل بات:Bovlb|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/Bovlb|کم]]) ۰۵:۴۴, ۱ مئی ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) == Global ban proposal for Piermark/House of Yahweh/HoY == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. If this is not the proper place to post, please move it somewhere more appropriate. {{int:Please-translate}} There is an on-going discussion about a proposal that Piermark/House of Yahweh/HoY be globally banned from editing all Wikimedia projects. You are invited to participate at [[:m:Requests for comment/Global ban for Piermark|Requests for comment/Global ban for Piermark]] on Meta-Wiki. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[User:Unite together|U.T.]] ([[User talk:Unite together|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) ۱۷:۳۶, ۴ مئی ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:1234qwer1234qwer4@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Requests_for_comment/Global_ban_for_Piermark/Invitations/AN2&oldid=24980083 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Selection of the U4C Building Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The next stage in the Universal Code of Conduct process is establishing a Building Committee to create the charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). The Building Committee has been selected. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read about the members and the work ahead on Meta-wiki]].<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -- [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Project|UCoC Project Team]], ۰۹:۲۰, ۲۷ مئی ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25018085 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Announcing the new Elections Committee members</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello there, We are glad to announce [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/4TALOUFPAP2VDBR27GKRVOP7IGQYU3DB/|the new members and advisors of the Elections Committee]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] assists with the design and implementation of the process to select Community- and Affiliate-Selected trustees for the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. After an open nomination process, the strongest candidates spoke with the Board and four candidates were asked to join the Elections Committee. Four other candidates were asked to participate as advisors. Thank you to all the community members who submitted their names for consideration. We look forward to working with the Elections Committee in the near future. On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees,<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۲۳:۰۰, ۲۸ جون ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25018085 --> == Deploying the Phonos in-line audio player to your Wiki == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:Hello}}! Apologies if this message is not in your language, {{int:Please help translate}} to your language. This wiki will soon be able to use the [[mw:Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline_audio_player_mode|inline audio player]] implemented by the [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] extension. This is part of fulfilling a wishlist proposal of providing [[m:Community_Wishlist_Survey_2022/Multimedia_and_Commons/Audio_links_that_play_on_click|audio links that play on click]]. With the inline audio player, you can add text-to-speech audio snippets to wiki pages by simply using a tag: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> <phonos file="audio file" label="Listen"/> </syntaxhighlight> The above tag will show the text next to a speaker icon, and clicking on it will play the audio instantly without taking you to another page. A common example where you can use this feature is in adding pronunciation to words as illustrated on the [[wiktionary:en:English#Pronunciation|English Wiktionary]] below. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{audio|en|En-uk-English.oga|Audio (UK)}} </syntaxhighlight> Could become: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> <phonos file="En-uk-English.oga" label="Audio (UK)"/> </syntaxhighlight> The inline audio player will be available in your wiki in 2 weeks time; in the meantime, we would like you to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos|read about the features]] and give us feedback or ask questions about it in this [[mw:Help_talk:Extension:Phonos|talk page]]. Thank you!</div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], on behalf of the Foundation's Language team</bdi> </div> ۰۷:۲۶, ۲۷ جولائی ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox_announcement_list_(In-line_audio_player)&oldid=25350821 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Review the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello all, I am pleased to share the next step in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] work. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) draft charter]] is now ready for your review. The [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] require a [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4.5_U4C_Building_Committee|Building Committee]] form to draft a charter that outlines procedures and details for a global committee to be called the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4._UCoC_Coordinating_Committee_(U4C)|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Over the past few months, the U4C Building Committee worked together as a group to discuss and draft the U4C charter. The U4C Building Committee welcomes feedback about the draft charter now through 22 September 2023. After that date, the U4C Building Committee will revise the charter as needed and a community vote will open shortly afterward. Join the conversation during the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee#Conversation hours|conversation hours]] or on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Meta-wiki]]. Best,<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]], on behalf of the U4C Building Committee, ۲۰:۳۵, ۲۸ اگست ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25392152 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Your wiki will be in read-only soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-09-20|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-09-20T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-09-20T14:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-09-20|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> [[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]]) ۱۴:۲۳, ۱۵ ستمبر ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=25018086 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">== Opportunities open for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission, and the Case Review Committee ==</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <div style="margin:.2em 0 .5em;margin-{{#switch:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}|ar|arc|ary|arz|azb|bcc|bgn|ckb|bqi|dv|fa|fa-af|glk|ha-arab|he|kk-arab|kk-cn|ks|ku-arab|ms-arab|mzn|pnb|prd|ps|sd|ug|ur|ydd|yi=right|left}}:3ex;"> [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'']] ''<span class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</span>''</div> Hi everyone! The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]] (AffCom), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission]] (OC), and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety/Case_Review_Committee|Case Review Committee]] (CRC) are looking for new members. These volunteer groups provide important structural and oversight support for the community and movement. People are encouraged to nominate themselves or encourage others they feel would contribute to these groups to apply. There is more information about the roles of the groups, the skills needed, and the opportunity to apply on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments|'''Meta-wiki page''']]. On behalf of the Committee Support team,<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ~ [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۲۱:۴۱, ۹ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25570445 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Review and comment on the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Dear all, Please review and comment on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package from now until 29 October 2023. The selection rules package was based on older versions by the Elections Committee and will be used in the 2024 Board of Trustees selection. Providing your comments now will help them provide a smoother, better Board selection process. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|More on the Meta-wiki page]]. Best, Katie Chan <br> Chair of the Elections Committee<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> ۰۶:۱۳, ۱۷ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25570445 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Coming soon: Reference Previews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="ReferencePreviewsDefault"/> [[File:Example_of_a_Reference_Preview.png|right|300px]] A new feature is coming to your wiki soon: Reference Previews are popups for references. Such popups have existed on wikis as local gadgets for many years. Now there is a central solution, available on all wikis, and consistent with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|PagePreviews feature]]. Reference Previews will be visible to everyone, including readers. If you don’t want to see them, [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Opt-out feature|you can opt out]]. If you are [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|using the gadgets]] Reference Tooltips or Navigation Popups, you won’t see Reference Previews unless you disable the gadget. Reference Previews have been a beta feature on many wikis since 2019, and a default feature on some since 2021. Deployment is planned for November 22. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Help page]] * [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Project page with more information (in English)]]. * Feedback is welcome [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews|on this talk page]]. -- For [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Wikimedia Deutschland’s Technical Wishes]] team, <section end="ReferencePreviewsDefault"/> </div> [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]], ۱۸:۱۱, ۱۵ نومبر ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=25866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">(New) Feature on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]]: Adding geopoints via QID</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="Body"/>Since September 2022, it is possible to create geopoints using a QID. Many wiki contributors have asked for this feature, but it is not being used much. Therefore, we would like to remind you about it. More information can be found on the [[M:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Geopoints via QID|project page]]. If you have any comments, please let us know on the [[M:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Geoinformation/Geopoints via QID|talk page]]. – Best regards, the team of Technical Wishes at Wikimedia Deutschland <section end="Body"/> </div> [[M:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)|Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]] ۱۷:۳۱, ۱۳ دسمبر ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=25955829 --> == Do you use Wikidata in Wikimedia sibling projects? Tell us about your experiences == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English.'' Hello, the '''[[m:WD4WMP|Wikidata for Wikimedia Projects]]''' team at Wikimedia Deutschland would like to hear about your experiences using Wikidata in the sibling projects. If you are interested in sharing your opinion and insights, please consider signing up for an interview with us in this '''[https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Wikidata-for-Wikimedia-Interviews Registration form]'''.<br> ''Currently, we are only able to conduct interviews in English.'' The front page of the form has more details about what the conversation will be like, including how we would '''compensate''' you for your time. For more information, visit our ''[[m:WD4WMP/AddIssue|project issue page]]'' where you can also share your experiences in written form, without an interview.<br>We look forward to speaking with you, [[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]]) 08:53, 5 January 2024 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/WD4WMP/ScreenerInvite&oldid=26027495 --> == Reusing references: Can we look over your shoulder? == ''Apologies for writing in English.'' The Technical Wishes team at Wikimedia Deutschland is planning to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. For our research, we are looking for wiki contributors willing to show us how they are interacting with references. * The format will be a 1-hour video call, where you would share your screen. [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ More information here]. * Interviews can be conducted in English, German or Dutch. * [[mw:WMDE_Engineering/Participate_in_UX_Activities#Compensation|Compensation is available]]. * Sessions will be held in January and February. * [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ Sign up here if you are interested.] * Please note that we probably won’t be able to have sessions with everyone who is interested. Our UX researcher will try to create a good balance of wiki contributors, e.g. in terms of wiki experience, tech experience, editing preferences, gender, disability and more. If you’re a fit, she will reach out to you to schedule an appointment. We’re looking forward to seeing you, [[m:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)| Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]] <!-- Message sent by User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=25956752 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2024 == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles. Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project: # Create a page for the contest on the local wiki. # Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool. # Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes. # Request local admins for site notice. # Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta project page]]. This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools'''] Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance. We look forward to your immense coordination. Thank you and Best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team]]''' ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --[[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۱۲:۲۶, ۱۸ جنوری ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) == Wiki Loves Folklore is back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore 2024]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March. You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wlf_2024 submitting] them in this commons contest. You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language. Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. '''Kind regards,''' '''Wiki loves Folklore International Team''' -- [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۱۲:۲۶, ۱۸ جنوری ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=23942484 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, I am reaching out to you today to announce that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) Charter is now open. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]] now through '''2 February 2024'''. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C Charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation. On behalf of the UCoC Project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۲۳:۰۸, ۱۹ جنوری ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25853527 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Last days to vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, I am reaching out to you today to remind you that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) charter will close on '''2 February 2024'''. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]]. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation. On behalf of the UCoC Project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۲۲:۰۰, ۳۱ جنوری ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25853527 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Announcing the results of the UCoC Coordinating Committee Charter ratification vote</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, Thank you everyone for following the progress of the Universal Code of Conduct. I am writing to you today to announce the outcome of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|ratification vote]] on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee Charter]]. 1746 contributors voted in this ratification vote with 1249 voters supporting the Charter and 420 voters not. The ratification vote process allowed for voters to provide comments about the Charter. A report of voting statistics and a summary of voter comments will be published on Meta-wiki in the coming weeks. Please look forward to hearing about the next steps soon. On behalf of the UCoC Project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۲۳:۲۳, ۱۲ فروری ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26160150 --> == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024: We are back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2024 general.jpg|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the forth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2024. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes.<br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2024|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=26166467 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Report of the U4C Charter ratification and U4C Call for Candidates now available</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, I am writing to you today with two important pieces of information. First, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Vote results|report of the comments from the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter ratification]] is now available. Secondly, the call for candidates for the U4C is open now through April 1, 2024. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members are invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Per the charter, there are 16 seats on the U4C: eight community-at-large seats and eight regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement. Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Meta-wiki]]. On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۲۱:۲۵, ۵ مارچ ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26276337 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2024 Selection</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> : ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' : ''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Dear all, This year, the term of 4 (four) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Elections Committee]] will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Board Governance Committee created a Board Selection Working Group from Trustees who cannot be candidates in the 2024 community- and affiliate-selected trustee selection process composed of Dariusz Jemielniak, Nataliia Tymkiv, Esra'a Al Shafei, Kathy Collins, and Shani Evenstein Sigalov [3]. The group is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2024 trustee selection process, and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. Here are the key planned dates: * May 2024: Call for candidates and call for questions * June 2024: Affiliates vote to shortlist 12 candidates (no shortlisting if 15 or less candidates apply) [5] * June-August 2024: Campaign period * End of August / beginning of September 2024: Two-week community voting period * October–November 2024: Background check of selected candidates * Board's Meeting in December 2024: New trustees seated Learn more about the 2024 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|this Meta-wiki page]], and make your plan. '''Election Volunteers''' Another way to be involved with the 2024 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Election Volunteers|Meta-wiki page]]. Best regards, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Pundit|Dariusz Jemielniak]] (Governance Committee Chair, Board Selection Working Group) [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Results#Elected [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Minutes:2023-08-15#Governance_Committee [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] Even though the ideal number is 12 candidates for 4 open seats, the shortlisting process will be triggered if there are more than 15 candidates because the 1-3 candidates that are removed might feel ostracized and it would be a lot of work for affiliates to carry out the shortlisting process to only eliminate 1-3 candidates from the candidate list.<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]]۰۰:۵۷, ۱۳ مارچ ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26349432 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Your wiki will be in read-only soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2024-03-20|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2024-03-20T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2024-03-20T14:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2024-03-20|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> [[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]], ۰۵:۰۱, ۱۵ مارچ ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=25636619 --> == Global ban proposal for Slowking4 == Hello. This is to notify the community that there is an ongoing global ban proposal for [[User:Slowking4]] who has been active on this wiki. You are invited to participate at [[metawiki:Requests for comment/Global ban for Slowking4 (2)|m:Requests for comment/Global ban for Slowking4 (2)]]. Thank you. [[ورتنوالا:Seawolf35|Seawolf35]] ([[ورتن گل بات:Seawolf35|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/Seawolf35|کم]]) ۱۰:۱۲, ۱۵ مارچ ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Vote now to select members of the first U4C</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through May 9, 2024. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility. The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۰۱:۲۰, ۲۶ اپریل ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sign up for the language community meeting on May 31st, 16:00 UTC</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="message"/>Hello all, The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks - May 31st at 16:00 UTC. If you're interested, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Language_engineering/Community_meetings#31_May_2024 sign up on this wiki page]. This is a participant-driven meeting, where we share language-specific updates related to various projects, collectively discuss technical issues related to language wikis, and work together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, the topics included the machine translation service (MinT) and the languages and models it currently supports, localization efforts from the Kiwix team, and technical challenges with numerical sorting in files used on Bengali Wikisource. Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates related to your project? Any problems that you would like to bring for discussion during the meeting? Do you need interpretation support from English to another language? Please reach out to me at ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org and [[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-may-2024|add agenda items to the document here]]. We look forward to your participation! <section end="message"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ۰۲:۲۳, ۱۵ مئی ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Feedback invited on Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' [[File:Sibling Project Lifecycle Conversation 3.png|150px|right|link=:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]] Dear community members, The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] (CAC) of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] invites you to give feedback on a '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle|draft Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]'''. This draft Procedure outlines proposed steps and requirements for opening and closing Wikimedia Sibling Projects, and aims to ensure any newly approved projects are set up for success. This is separate from the procedures for opening or closing language versions of projects, which is handled by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language Committee]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Closing_projects_policy|closing projects policy]]. You can find the details on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle#Review|this page]], as well as the ways to give your feedback from today until the end of the day on '''June 23, 2024''', anywhere on Earth. You can also share information about this with the interested project communities you work with or support, and you can also help us translate the procedure into more languages, so people can join the discussions in their own language. On behalf of the CAC,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۰۷:۲۵, ۲۲ مئی ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Announcing the first Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello, The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote results. We are following up with the results of the first [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) election]]. We are pleased to announce the following individuals as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a two-year term: * North America (USA and Canada) ** – * Northern and Western Europe ** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ghilt|Ghilt]] * Latin America and Caribbean ** – * Central and East Europe (CEE) ** — * Sub-Saharan Africa ** – * Middle East and North Africa ** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ibrahim.ID|Ibrahim.ID]] * East, South East Asia and Pacific (ESEAP) ** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:0xDeadbeef|0xDeadbeef]] * South Asia ** – The following individuals are elected to be community-at-large members of the U4C, fulfilling a one-year term: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Superpes15|Superpes15]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Civvì|Civvì]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Luke081515|Luke081515]] * – * – * – * – Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community. Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. Follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-wiki]]. On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۱۳:۱۵, ۳ جون ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == Plans to enable the Content and Section translation tool in your Wikipedia == {{int:Hello}} Western Punjabi Wikipedians! Apologies, as this message is not in your native language; {{int:please-translate}}. The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] proposes to enable the Section and Content translation tool by default to your Wikipedia if there are no objections from members of your community. The [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section Translation]] extends the capabilities of [[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] to support mobile devices. Below is background information about the tools and how to test the Section translation tool. '''Background information''' [[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. However, the tool is not out of beta in Western Punjabi Wikipedia, limiting the discoverability of the tool and its use and blocking the enablement of the Section translation in your Wikipedia. [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section Translation]] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will: * Guide you to translate one section at a time to expand existing articles or create new ones * Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device So, we will enable the tools on Western Punjabi Wikipedia by June 20th, 2024, if there are no objections from your community. '''Try the Section translation tool''' Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&from=en&to=pnb&sx=true#/ our testing instance]. Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, you’ll have access to https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation with your mobile device. You can select an article and translate it from scratch. Currently, there is no machine translation support for your Wikipedia. Often, this is due to the lack of parallel data to train translation models for your language. Considering that making translations of Wikipedia articles is [[mw:Content_translation/Published_translations#Parallel_corpora|a way to generate such parallel corpora]], we consider that enabling these tools by default for visibility and more use can benefit your language. '''Request for feedback''' Please provide feedback about the Section translation in this thread or on [[mw:Talk:Content_translation|this project talk page]]. We want to  hear about your impressions on * The section translation tool * What do you think about our plans to enable it * Your ideas for improving the tool Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback and questions. On behalf of the WMF Language team. [[ورتنوالا:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[ورتن گل بات:UOzurumba (WMF)|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/UOzurumba (WMF)|کم]]) ۲۰:۵۳, ۵ جون ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The final text of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now on Meta</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hi everyone, The final text of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] is now up on Meta in more than 20 languages for your reading. '''What is the Wikimedia Movement Charter?''' The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a proposed document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance. '''Join the Wikimedia Movement Charter “Launch Party”''' Join the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Movement Charter Launch Party|“Launch Party”]] on '''June 20, 2024''' at '''14.00-15.00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1718892000 your local time]). During this call, we will celebrate the release of the final Charter and present the content of the Charter. Join and learn about the Charter before casting your vote. '''Movement Charter ratification vote''' Voting will commence on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC.''' You can read more about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voting process, eligibility criteria, and other details]] on Meta. If you have any questions, please leave a comment on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]] or email the MCDC at [mailto:mcdc@wikimedia.org mcdc@wikimedia.org]. On behalf of the MCDC,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۱۳:۴۴, ۱۱ جون ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now open – cast your vote</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello everyone, The voting to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|'''Wikimedia Movement Charter''']] is now open. The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance. The final version of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|available on Meta in different languages]] and attached [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Movement_Charter_(June_2024).pdf here in PDF format] for your reading. Voting commenced on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC'''. Please read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voter information and eligibility details]]. After reading the Charter, please [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|'''vote here''']] and share this note further. If you have any questions about the ratification vote, please contact the Charter Electoral Commission at [mailto:cec@wikimedia.org '''cec@wikimedia.org''']. On behalf of the CEC,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۱۵:۵۲, ۲۵ جون ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is ending soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello everyone, This is a kind reminder that the voting period to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] will be closed on '''July 9, 2024''', at '''23:59 UTC'''. If you have not voted yet, please vote [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|on SecurePoll]]. On behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral_Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]],<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۰۸:۴۵, ۸ جولائی ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">U4C Special Election - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, A special election has been called to fill additional vacancies on the U4C. The call for candidates phase is open from now through July 19, 2024. The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the [[:foundation:Wikimedia Foundation Universal Code of Conduct|UCoC]]. Community members are invited to submit their applications in the special election for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please review the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|U4C Charter]]. In this special election, according to [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#2. Elections and Terms|chapter 2 of the U4C charter]], there are 9 seats available on the U4C: '''four''' community-at-large seats and '''five''' regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement. [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#5. Glossary|No more than two members of the U4C can be elected from the same home wiki]]. Therefore, candidates must not have English Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, or Italian Wikipedia as their home wiki. Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Meta-wiki]]. In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۵:۰۳, ۱۰ جولائی ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Wikimedia Movement Charter ratification voting results</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello everyone, After carefully tallying both individual and affiliate votes, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]] is pleased to announce the final results of the Wikimedia Movement Charter voting.   As [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter#Thank you for your participation in the Movement Charter ratification vote!|communicated]] by the Charter Electoral Commission, we reached the quorum for both Affiliate and individual votes by the time the vote closed on '''July 9, 23:59 UTC'''. We thank all 2,451 individuals and 129 Affiliate representatives who voted in the ratification process. Your votes and comments are invaluable for the future steps in Movement Strategy. The final results of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] ratification voting held between 25 June and 9 July 2024 are as follows: '''Individual vote:''' Out of 2,451 individuals who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 2,446 have been accepted as valid votes. Among these, '''1,710''' voted “yes”; '''623''' voted “no”; and '''113''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 73.30% voted to approve the Charter (1710/2333), while 26.70% voted to reject the Charter (623/2333). '''Affiliates vote:''' Out of 129 Affiliates designated voters who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 129 votes are confirmed as valid votes. Among these, '''93''' voted “yes”; '''18''' voted “no”; and '''18''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 83.78% voted to approve the Charter (93/111), while 16.22% voted to reject the Charter (18/111). '''Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation:''' The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees voted '''not to ratify''' the proposed Charter during their special Board meeting on July 8, 2024. The Chair of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees, Nataliia Tymkiv, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Board_resolution_and_vote_on_the_proposed_Movement_Charter|shared the result of the vote, the resolution, meeting minutes and proposed next steps]].   With this, the Wikimedia Movement Charter in its current revision is '''not ratified'''. We thank you for your participation in this important moment in our movement’s governance. The Charter Electoral Commission, [[m:User:Abhinav619|Abhinav619]], [[m:User:Borschts|Borschts]], [[m:User:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]], [[m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], [[m:User:Der-Wir-Ing|Der-Wir-Ing]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۲۲:۵۲, ۱۸ جولائی ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Vote now to fill vacancies of the first U4C</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through '''August 10, 2024'''. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility. The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۰۷:۴۷, ۲۷ جولائی ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Reminder! Vote closing soon to fill vacancies of the first U4C</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, The voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is closing soon. It is open through 10 August 2024. Read the information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024_Special_Election#Voting|the voting page on Meta-wiki to learn more about voting and voter eligibility]]. If you are eligible to vote and have not voted in this special election, it is important that you vote now. '''Why should you vote?''' The U4C is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community input into the committee membership is critical to the success of the UCoC. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۲۰:۳۰, ۶ اگست ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Coming soon: A new sub-referencing feature – try it!</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Sub-referencing"/> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|{{#ifeq:{{#dir}}|ltr|right|left}}|400px]] Hello. For many years, community members have requested an easy way to re-use references with different details. Now, a MediaWiki solution is coming: The new sub-referencing feature will work for wikitext and Visual Editor and will enhance the existing reference system. You can continue to use different ways of referencing, but you will probably encounter sub-references in articles written by other users. More information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|the project page]]. '''We want your feedback''' to make sure this feature works well for you: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|Please try]] the current state of development on beta wiki and [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|let us know what you think]]. * [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Sign-up|Sign up here]] to get updates and/or invites to participate in user research activities. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes]] team is planning to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We will reach out to creators/maintainers of tools and templates related to references beforehand. Please help us spread the message. --[[m:User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 10:36, 19 August 2024 (UTC) <section end="Sub-referencing"/> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=27309345 --> == Sign up for the language community meeting on August 30th, 15:00 UTC == Hi all, The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks—on August 30th at 15:00 UTC. If you're interested in joining, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#30_August_2024 sign up on this wiki page]. This participant-driven meeting will focus on sharing language-specific updates related to various projects, discussing technical issues related to language wikis, and working together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, topics included the Language Converter, the state of language research, updates on the Incubator conversations, and technical challenges around external links not working with special characters on Bengali sites. Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates or discuss challenges? Please add agenda items to the document [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/language-community-meeting-aug-2024 here] and reach out to ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org. We look forward to your participation! [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۰۴:۱۹, ۲۳ اگست ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Announcing the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/board-elections@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/OKCCN2CANIH2K7DXJOL2GPVDFWL27R7C/ Original message at wikimedia-l]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Elections Committee|Elections Committee]] have certified the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Results|results]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) special election]]. I am pleased to announce the following individual as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a term until 15 June 2026: * North America (USA and Canada) ** Ajraddatz The following seats were not filled during this special election: * Latin America and Caribbean * Central and East Europe (CEE) * Sub-Saharan Africa * South Asia * The four remaining Community-At-Large seats Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community. Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. You can follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-Wiki]]. On behalf of the U4C and the Elections Committee,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۱۹:۰۶, ۲ ستمبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Have your say: Vote for the 2024 Board of Trustees!</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. There are twelve (12) candidates running for four (4) seats on the Board. Learn more about the candidates by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Candidates|reading their statements]] and their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Questions_for_candidates|answers to community questions]]. When you are ready, go to the [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/400|SecurePoll]] voting page to vote. '''The vote is open from September 3rd at 00:00 UTC to September 17th at 23:59 UTC'''. To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. Best regards, The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۱۷:۱۴, ۳ ستمبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Your wiki will be in read-only soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2024-09-25|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2024-09-25T15:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2024-09-25T15:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2024-09-25|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> [[User:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]], ۱۴:۳۷, ۲۰ ستمبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=27248326 --> == 'Wikidata item' link is moving. Find out where... == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><i>Apologies for cross-posting in English. Please consider translating this message.</i>{{tracked|T66315}} Hello everyone, a small change will soon be coming to the user-interface of your Wikimedia project. The [[d:Q16222597|Wikidata item]] [[w:|sitelink]] currently found under the <span style="color: #54595d;"><u>''General''</u></span> section of the '''Tools''' sidebar menu will move into the <span style="color: #54595d;"><u>''In Other Projects''</u></span> section. We would like the Wiki communities feedback so please let us know or ask questions on the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Discussion page]] before we enable the change which can take place October 4 2024, circa 15:00 UTC+2. More information can be found on [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|the project page]].<br><br>We welcome your feedback and questions.<br> [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۲۳:۵۷, ۲۷ ستمبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=27524260 --> == Invitation to Participate in Wiki Loves Ramadan Community Engagement Survey == Dear all, Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. We are excited to announce the upcoming [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan|Wiki Loves Ramadan]] event, a global initiative aimed at celebrating Ramadan by enriching Wikipedia and its sister projects with content related to this significant time of year. As we plan to organize this event globally, your insights and experiences are crucial in shaping the best possible participation experience for the community. To ensure that Wiki Loves Ramadan is engaging, inclusive, and impactful, we kindly invite you to participate in our community engagement survey. Your feedback will help us understand the needs of the community, set the event's focus, and guide our strategies for organizing this global event. Survey link: https://forms.gle/f66MuzjcPpwzVymu5 Please take a few minutes to share your thoughts. Your input will make a difference! Thank you for being a part of our journey to make Wiki Loves Ramadan a success. Warm regards, User:ZI Jony ۰۸:۲۰, ۶ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) Wiki Loves Ramadan Organizing Team <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=27510935 --> ==Proposal to enable the "Contribute" entry point in Western Punjabi Wikipedia== {{Int:Hello}} Western Punjabi Wikipedians, Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}. The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called "Contribute" to your Wikipedia. The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia. Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Western Punjabi Wikipedia. '''Who can access it''' Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the "Contribute" icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to "view contributions" is also available to access the list of your contributions. [[File:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|frameless|534x534px|Mobile Contribute Page]] [[File:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|722x722px|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]] For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the "Contributions" option unless they change it to the "Contribute" manually. This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the "Contributions" entry point as default.           We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 24th October 2024. We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the "Contribute" entry point in your Wikipedia. We look forward to your response soon. Thank you! On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[ورتنوالا:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[ورتن گل بات:UOzurumba (WMF)|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/UOzurumba (WMF)|کم]]) ۰۹:۲۶, ۱۰ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Preliminary results of the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, Thank you to everyone who participated in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]. Close to 6000 community members from more than 180 wiki projects have voted. The following four candidates were the most voted: # [[User:Kritzolina|Christel Steigenberger]] # [[User:Nadzik|Maciej Artur Nadzikiewicz]] # [[User:Victoria|Victoria Doronina]] # [[User:Laurentius|Lorenzo Losa]] While these candidates have been ranked through the vote, they still need to be appointed to the Board of Trustees. They need to pass a successful background check and meet the qualifications outlined in the Bylaws. New trustees will be appointed at the next Board meeting in December 2024. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Results|Learn more about the results on Meta-Wiki.]] Best regards, The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]] ۱۳:۲۵, ۱۴ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]] Applications for the committees open on 16 October 2024. Applications for the Affiliations Committee close on 18 November 2024, and applications for the Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on 2 December 2024. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation/Legal/Committee_appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email [mailto:cst@wikimedia.org cst@wikimedia.org] with any questions you may have. For the Committee Support team, <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۴:۰۸, ۱۷ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27601062 --> == 'Wikidata item' link is moving, finally. == Hello everyone, I previously wrote on the 27th September to advise that the ''Wikidata item'' sitelink will change places in the sidebar menu, moving from the '''General''' section into the '''In Other Projects''' section. The scheduled rollout date of 04.10.2024 was delayed due to a necessary request for Mobile/MinervaNeue skin. I am happy to inform that the global rollout can now proceed and will occur later today, 22.10.2024 at 15:00 UTC-2. [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Please let us know]] if you notice any problems or bugs after this change. There should be no need for null-edits or purging cache for the changes to occur. Kind regards, -[[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ۱۶:۲۹, ۲۲ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=27535421 --> == Final Reminder: Join us in Making Wiki Loves Ramadan Success == Dear all, We’re thrilled to announce the Wiki Loves Ramadan event, a global initiative to celebrate Ramadan by enhancing Wikipedia and its sister projects with valuable content related to this special time of year. As we organize this event globally, we need your valuable input to make it a memorable experience for the community. Last Call to Participate in Our Survey: To ensure that Wiki Loves Ramadan is inclusive and impactful, we kindly request you to complete our community engagement survey. Your feedback will shape the event’s focus and guide our organizing strategies to better meet community needs. * Survey Link: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSffN4prPtR5DRSq9nH-t1z8hG3jZFBbySrv32YoxV8KbTwxig/viewform?usp=sf_link Complete the Survey] * Deadline: November 10, 2024 Please take a few minutes to share your thoughts. Your input will truly make a difference! '''Volunteer Opportunity''': Join the Wiki Loves Ramadan Team! We’re seeking dedicated volunteers for key team roles essential to the success of this initiative. If you’re interested in volunteer roles, we invite you to apply. * Application Link: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfXiox_eEDH4yJ0gxVBgtL7jPe41TINAWYtpNp1JHSk8zhdgw/viewform?usp=sf_link Apply Here] * Application Deadline: October 31, 2024 Explore Open Positions: For a detailed list of roles and their responsibilities, please refer to the position descriptions here: [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1oy0_tilC6kow5GGf6cEuFvdFpekcubCqJlaxkxh-jT4/ Position Descriptions] Thank you for being part of this journey. We look forward to working together to make Wiki Loves Ramadan a success! Warm regards,<br> The Wiki Loves Ramadan Organizing Team ۱۰:۱۲, ۲۹ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=27568454 --> == Sign up for the language community meeting on November 29th, 16:00 UTC == Hello everyone, The next language community meeting is coming up next week, on November 29th, at 16:00 UTC (Zonestamp! For your timezone <https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000>). If you're interested in joining, you can sign up on this wiki page: <https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#29_November_2024>. This participant-driven meeting will be organized by the Wikimedia Foundation’s Language Product Localization team and the Language Diversity Hub. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Moore Wikipedia, and the language support track at Wiki Indaba. We will also have members from the Wayuunaiki community joining us to share their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community within our movement. This meeting will have a Spanish interpretation. Looking forward to seeing you at the language community meeting! Cheers, [[User:SSethi (WMF)|Srishti]] ۰۰:۵۴, ۲۲ نومبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27746256 --> ==Proposal to enable the "Contribute" entry point in Western Punjabi Wikipedia== {{Int:Hello}} Western Punjabi Wikipedians, Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}. The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called "Contribute" to your Wikipedia. The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia. Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Western Punjabi Wikipedia. '''Who can access it''' Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the "Contribute" icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to "view contributions" is also available to access the list of your contributions. [[File:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]] [[File:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]] For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the "Contributions" option unless they change it to the "Contribute" manually. This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the "Contributions" entry point as default.           We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 10th December 2024. We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the "Contribute" entry point in your Wikipedia. We look forward to your response soon. Thank you! On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[ورتنوالا:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[ورتن گل بات:UOzurumba (WMF)|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/UOzurumba (WMF)|کم]]) ۰۹:۴۷, ۲۸ نومبر ۲۰۲۴ (PKT) == Launching! Join Us for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025! == Dear All, We’re happy to announce the launch of [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025]], an annual international campaign dedicated to celebrating and preserving Islamic cultures and history through the power of Wikipedia. As an active contributor to the Local Wikipedia, you are specially invited to participate in the launch. This year’s campaign will be launched for you to join us write, edit, and improve articles that showcase the richness and diversity of Islamic traditions, history, and culture. * Topic: [[m:Event:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 Campaign Launch|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 Campaign Launch]] * When: Jan 19, 2025 * Time: 16:00 Universal Time UTC and runs throughout Ramadan (starting February 25, 2025). * Join Zoom Meeting: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/88420056597?pwd=NdrpqIhrwAVPeWB8FNb258n7qngqqo.1 * Zoom meeting hosted by [[m:Wikimedia Bangladesh|Wikimedia Bangladesh]] To get started, visit the [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|campaign page]] for details, resources, and guidelines: Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025. Add [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Participant|your community here]], and organized Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 in your local language. Whether you’re a first-time editor or an experienced Wikipedian, your contributions matter. Together, we can ensure Islamic cultures and traditions are well-represented and accessible to all. Feel free to invite your community and friends too. Kindly reach out if you have any questions or need support as you prepare to participate. Let’s make Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 a success! For the [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Team|International Team]] ۱۷:۰۸, ۱۶ جنوری ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=27568454 --> == Universal Code of Conduct annual review: provide your comments on the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۶:۱۱, ۲۴ جنوری ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27746256 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2025 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2025, to March 31, 2025 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles. Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project: # Create a page for the contest on the local wiki. # Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool. # Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes. # Request local admins for site notice. # Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta project page]]. This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools'''] Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance. We look forward to your immense coordination. Thank you and Best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]]''' ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --[[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۰۷:۳۶, ۲۹ جنوری ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) == Wiki Loves Folklore is back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore 2025]]''' an international media contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March. You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wlf_2025 submitting] them in this commons contest. You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language. Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. '''Kind regards,''' '''Wiki loves Folklore International Team''' --[[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۰۷:۳۶, ۲۹ جنوری ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=26503019 --> == Reminder: first part of the annual UCoC review closes soon == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. This is a reminder that the first phase of the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines will be closing soon. You can make suggestions for changes through [[d:Q614092|the end of day]], 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. After review of the feedback, proposals for updated text will be published on Meta in March for another round of community review. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۵:۴۸, ۳ فروری ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28198931 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr"> Upcoming Language Community Meeting (Feb 28th, 14:00 UTC) and Newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Hello everyone! [[File:WP20Symbols WIKI INCUBATOR.svg|right|frameless|150x150px|alt=An image symbolising multiple languages]] We’re excited to announce that the next '''Language Community Meeting''' is happening soon, '''February 28th at 14:00 UTC'''! If you’d like to join, simply sign up on the '''[[mw:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#28_February_2025|wiki page]]'''. This is a participant-driven meeting where we share updates on language-related projects, discuss technical challenges in language wikis, and collaborate on solutions. In our last meeting, we covered topics like developing language keyboards, creating the Moore Wikipedia, and updates from the language support track at Wiki Indaba. '''Got a topic to share?''' Whether it’s a technical update from your project, a challenge you need help with, or a request for interpretation support, we’d love to hear from you! Feel free to '''reply to this message''' or add agenda items to the document '''[[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-feb-2025|here]]'''. Also, we wanted to highlight that the sixth edition of the Language & Internationalization newsletter (January 2025) is available here: [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January]]. This newsletter provides updates from the October–December 2024 quarter on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects and support efforts, details about community meetings, and ideas for contributing to projects. To stay updated, you can subscribe to the newsletter on its wiki page: [[:mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter]]. We look forward to your ideas and participation at the language community meeting, see you there! <section end="message"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ۱۳:۲۹, ۲۲ فروری ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28217779 --> == Universal Code of Conduct annual review: proposed changes are available for comment == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. I am writing to you to let you know that [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|proposed changes]] to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter]] are open for review. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|You can provide feedback on suggested changes]]''' through the [[d:Q614092|end of day]] on Tuesday, 18 March 2025. This is the second step in the annual review process, the final step will be community voting on the proposed changes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find relevant links about the process on the UCoC annual review page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ۲۳:۵۱, ۷ مارچ ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28307738 --> == An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{Int:hello}} Wikipedians, Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}. The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device. With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below. [[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the "For you" and "...More" buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups ("Create new pages" and "Expand with new sections")-one for each activity.]] [[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]] We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''. Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread. Thank you! On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team. </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ۰۷:۵۶, ۱۳ مارچ ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox_CX_Unified_dashboard_announcement_list_1&oldid=28382282 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Your wiki will be in read-only soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2025-03-19|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2025-03-19T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2025-03-19T14:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-03-19|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ۰۴:۱۴, ۱۵ مارچ ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=28307742 --> == Final proposed modifications to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter now posted == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The proposed modifications to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] and the U4C Charter [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Proposed_Changes|are now on Meta-wiki for community notice]] in advance of the voting period. This final draft was developed from the previous two rounds of community review. Community members will be able to vote on these modifications starting on 17 April 2025. The vote will close on 1 May 2025, and results will be announced no later than 12 May 2025. The U4C election period, starting with a call for candidates, will open immediately following the announcement of the review results. More information will be posted on [[m:Special:MyLanguage//Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election|the wiki page for the election]] soon. Please be advised that this process will require more messages to be sent here over the next two months. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۷:۰۴, ۴ اپریل ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> ۲۱:۱۱, ۱۶ اپریل ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۵:۳۴, ۱۷ اپریل ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> ۲۰:۰۳, ۲۸ اپریل ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote on proposed modifications to the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter closes on 1 May 2025 at 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community in your language, as appropriate, so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۸:۴۱, ۲۹ اپریل ۲۰۲۵ (PKT)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) ۲۰:۰۷, ۶ مئی ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Enabling Dark mode for logged-out users == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:Hello}} Wikimedians, Apologies, as this message is not written in your native language. {{Int:please-translate}}. The [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]] will be enabling [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|dark mode]] in this Wiki by 15th May 2025 now that pages have passed our checks for accessibility and other quality checks. Congratulations! The plan to enable is made possible by the diligent work of editors and other technical contributors in your community who ensured that templates, gadgets, and other parts of pages can be accessible in dark mode. Thank you all for making dark mode available for everybody! For context, the Web team has concluded work on dark mode. If, on some wikis, the option is not yet available for logged-out users, this is likely because many pages do not yet display well in dark mode. As communities make progress on this work, we enable this feature on additional wikis once per month. If you notice any issues after enabling dark mode, please create a page: <code>Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Reporting/xx.wikipedia.org</code> in MediaWiki ([[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Reporting|like these pages]]), and report the issue in the created page. Thank you! On behalf of the [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]]. </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ۰۵:۰۸, ۷ مئی ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox_Dark_mode_deployment_message_list_(May_2025)&oldid=28673792 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|گل بات]])</bdi> ۰۳:۰۷, ۱۶ مئی ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) ۲۰:۲۷, ۲۲ مئی ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 Selection & Call for Questions</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, This year, the term of 2 (two) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats. The Elections Committee will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Governance Committee, composed of trustees who are not candidates in the 2025 community-and-affiliate-selected trustee selection process (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina and Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2025 trustee selection process and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. Here are the key planned dates: * May 22 – June 5: Announcement (this communication) and call for questions period [6] * June 17 – July 1, 2025: Call for candidates * July 2025: If needed, affiliates vote to shortlist candidates if more than 10 apply [5] * August 2025: Campaign period * August – September 2025: Two-week community voting period * October – November 2025: Background check of selected candidates * Board’s Meeting in December 2025: New trustees seated Learn more about the 2025 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[link]]]. '''Call for Questions''' In each selection process, the community has the opportunity to submit questions for the Board of Trustees candidates to answer. The Election Committee selects questions from the list developed by the community for the candidates to answer. Candidates must answer all the required questions in the application in order to be eligible; otherwise their application will be disqualified. This year, the Election Committee will select 5 questions for the candidates to answer. The selected questions may be a combination of what’s been submitted from the community, if they’re alike or related. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[link]]] '''Election Volunteers''' Another way to be involved with the 2025 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[link].]] Thank you! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Best regards, Victoria Doronina Board Liaison to the Elections Committee Governance Committee<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۰۸:۰۷, ۲۸ مئی ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr"> Upcoming Deployment of the CampaignEvents Extension</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Hello everyone, ''(Apologies for posting in English if English is not your first language. Please help translate to your language.)'' The Campaigns Product Team is planning a global deployment of the '''[[:mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]]''' to all Wikipedias, including this wiki, during the '''week of June 23rd'''. This extension is designed to help organizers plan and manage events, WikiProjects, and other on-wiki collaborations - and to make these efforts more discoverable. The three main features of this extension are: * '''[[:m:Event_Center/Registration|Event Registration]]''': A simple way to sign up for events on the wiki. * '''[[:m:CampaignEvents/Collaboration_list|Collaboration List]]''': A global list of events and a local list of WikiProjects, accessible at '''[[:m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]]'''. * '''[[:m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Invitation_list|Invitation Lists]]''': A tool to help organizers find editors who might want to join, based on their past contributions. '''Note''': The extension comes with a new user right called '''"Event Organizer"''', which will be managed by administrators on this wiki. Organizer tools like Event Registration and Invitation Lists will only work if someone is granted this right. The Collaboration List is available to everyone immediately after deployment. The extension is already live on several wikis, including '''Meta, Wikidata, English Wikipedia''', and more ( [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#Current_Deployment_Status_for_CampaignEvents_extension| See the full deployment list]]) If you have any questions, concerns, or feedback, please feel free to share them on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents| extension talkpage]]. We’d love to hear from you before the rollout. Thank you! <section end="message"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[User talk:Udehb-WMF|گل بات]]) ۲۱:۴۷, ۲۹ مئی ۲۰۲۵ (PKT)</bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Udehb-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Udehb-WMF/sandbox/deployment_audience&oldid=28803829 --> == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۴:۰۱, ۱۴ جون ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۲۲:۴۴, ۱۷ جون ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, ۰۱:۵۷, ۲۸ جون ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۱۷:۴۵, ۱۴ جولائی ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Temporary accounts will be rolled out soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="body"/> Hello, we are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]] team. We would like to announce that '''we plan to enable [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] for this wiki in the week of September 1'''. Temporary accounts are successfully live on 30 wikis, including many large ones like German, Japanese, and French. The change they bring is especially relevant to logged-out editors, who this feature is designed to protect. But it is also relevant to community members like mentors, patrollers, and admins – anyone who reverts edits, blocks users, or otherwise interacts with logged-out editors as part of keeping the wikis safe and accurate. '''Why we are building temporary accounts''' Our wikis should be safer to edit by default for logged-out editors. Temporary accounts allow people to continue editing the wikis without creating an account, while avoiding publicly tying their edits to their IP address. We believe this is in the best interest of our logged-out editors, who make valuable contributions to the wikis and who may later create accounts and grow our community of editors, admins, and other roles. Even though the wikis do warn logged-out editors that their IP address will be associated with their edit, many people may not understand what an IP address is, or that it could be used to connect them to other information about them in ways they might not expect. Additionally, our moderation software and tools rely too heavily on network origin (IP addresses) to identify users and patterns of activity, especially as IP addresses themselves are becoming less stable as identifiers. Temporary accounts allow for more precise interactions with logged-out editors, including more precise blocks, and can help limit how often we unintentionally end up blocking good-faith users who use the same IP addresses as bad-faith users. '''How temporary accounts work''' [[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb]] Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: <code dir=ltr>~2025-12345-67</code> (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after its creation. As long as it exists, all edits made from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it. '''What does this mean for different groups of users?''' '''For logged-out editors''' * This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki. * If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice. '''For community members interacting with logged-out editors''' * A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address). * Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community. '''For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki''' * '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range ([[Special:IPContributions]]). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.) * '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''': ** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblock]] option. ** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range. * Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this. '''Our requests for you, and next steps''' * If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers#How should I update my code?|how your code might need to be updated]]. * If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in. * Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options. * Look at our [[m:Meta:Babel#Temporary_Accounts:_access_to_IP_addresses_and_next_steps|previous message]] about requirements for users without extended rights who may need access to IP addresses. To learn more about the project, check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|look at the updates]] (we have just posted one) and [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you!<section end="body" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:user:NKohli (WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]], [[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]</bdi> ۰۲:۳۶, ۲۷ اگست ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox6&oldid=29181713 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Server switch - Your wiki will be read-only for a short time soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2025-09-24T15:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2025-09-24T15:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> ۲۰:۴۱, ۱۸ ستمبر ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Have your say: vote for the 2025 Board of Trustees</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|2025 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Candidates are running for two (2) seats on the Board. To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. Learn more about them by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|reading their application statements and watch their candidacy videos]]. When you are ready, go to the [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll voting page to vote]]. '''The vote is open from October 8 at 00:00 UTC to October 22 at 23:59 UTC.''' Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Chair, Elections Committee<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۰۹:۴۸, ۹ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) ۱۶:۴۳, ۲۰ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]] Applications for the committees open on October 30, 2025. Applications for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on December 11, 2025. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with any questions you may have. For the Committee Support team, <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] ۱۹:۱۳, ۳۰ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) ۱۹:۲۲, ۲۰ نومبر ۲۰۲۵ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' ۰۰:۴۵, ۱۷ جنوری ۲۰۲۶ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۱۸:۲۱, ۱۸ جنوری ۲۰۲۶ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> ۰۲:۰۱, ۲۰ جنوری ۲۰۲۶ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php? title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Collapsible sections with Parsoid Read Views </span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> On the page [[میاں پیر فقیراللہ بکوٹی]] there is a box generated from [[سانچہ:تصوف]] which contains several collapsable sections. These sections seem to [https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%B9%DB%8C?useparsoid=1 work correctly using Parsoid] but not [https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%B9%DB%8C?useparsoid=0 when using the legacy parser]. Since we expect to [[mw:Parsoid/Parser_Unification|switch to using Parsoid for pnb.wikipedia.org within the next few weeks]], you do not need to do anything: when we switch to Parsoid this template will work as expected. We did want to notify you of the issue, however; you can follow up at [[phab:T417202]] for more information. [[ورتنوالا:Cscott|Cscott]] ([[ورتن گل بات:Cscott|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/Cscott|کم]]) ۲۳:۱۵, ۱۲ فروری ۲۰۲۶ (PKT) </div> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> ۰۵:۴۲, ۱۸ فروری ۲۰۲۶ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2026-02-16_Wikipedias&oldid=30094589 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۲۲:۱۱, ۳ اپریل ۲۰۲۶ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[ورتنوالا:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ورتن گل بات:MediaWiki message delivery|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|کم]]) ۰۵:۵۸, ۲۶ اپریل ۲۰۲۶ (PKT) </bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote now in the 2026 U4C election</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ۲۲:۱۴, ۲۷ مئی ۲۰۲۶ (PKT) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> 5o9is9kg5zrsok3pl0myv2ceqx6bpx6 0 8531 707395 695627 2026-05-28T07:05:33Z InternetArchiveBot 28598 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 707395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox former country |native_name = {{plainlist| * {{lang|fa|ملک وسیع‌الفضای ایران}}<ref>{{transl|fa|mulk-i vasi' al-fazā-yi īrān}}</ref><br />The Expansive Realm of Iran<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Matthee* Matthee|first1=Rudi|title=Was Safavid Iran an Empire?|journal=Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient|date=1 ستمبر 2009|volume=53|issue=1|page=241|doi=10.1163/002249910X12573963244449|quote=The term 'Iran'، which after an absence of some six centuries had re-entered usage with the Ilkhanid branch of the Mongols, conveyed a shared self-awareness among the political and cultural elite of a geographical entity with distinct territorial and political implications. A core element of the Safavid achievement was the notion that the dynasty had united the eastern and western halves of Iran, Khurasan and Herat, the lands of the Timurids, in the East, and the territory of the Aq-Quyunlu in the West. The term mulk-i vasi' al-faza-yi Iran, 'the expansive realm of Iran'، found in the seventeenth-century chronicle, Khuld-i barin, and again, in near identical terms, in the travelogue of Muhammad Rabi Shah Sulayman's envoy to Siam in the 1680s, similarly conveys the authors pride and self-consciousness with regard to the territory they inhabited or hailed from.}}</ref> * {{lang|fa|مملکت ایران}}<ref>{{transl|fa|mamlikat-i īrān}}</ref><br />The Country of Iran<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Savory|first1=Roger|title=The Safavid state and polity|journal=Iranian Studies|date=2 جنوری 2007|volume=7|issue=1–2|page=206|doi=10.1080/00210867408701463|quote=The somewhat vague phrase used during the early Safavid period, mamalik-i mahrusa, had assumed more concrete forms: mamālik-i īrān; mamālik-i 'ajam; mamlikat-i īrān; mulk-i īrān; or simply īrān. The royal throne was variously described as sarīr-i saltanat-i īrān; takht-i īrān; and takht-i sultān (sic)-i īrān. The inhabitants of the Safavid empire are referred to as ahl-i īrān, and Iskandar Beg describes himself as writing the history of the Iranians (sharh-i ahvāl-i īrān va īrāniān)۔ Shah Abbas I is described as farmānravā-yi īrān and shahryār-i īrān; his seat is pāyitakht-i pādishāhān-i īrān, takhtgāh-i salātin-i īrān, or dār al-mulk-i īrān. His sovereign power is referred to as farmāndahi-yi mulk-i īrān, saltanat va pādishāhi-yi īrān, pādishāhi-yi īrān. The cities of Iran (bilād-i īrān) are thought of as belonging to a positive entity or state: Herat is referred to as a'zam-i bilād-i īrān (the greatest of the cities of Iran) and Isfahan as khulāsa-yi mulk-i īrān (the choicest part of the realm of Iran)۔ … The sense of geographical continuity referred to earlier is preserved by a phrase like kull-i vilāyat-i īrānzamīn. … Affairs of state are referred to as muhimmāt-i īrān. To my mind however, one of the clearest indications that the Safavid state had become a state in the full sense of the word is provided by the revival of the ancient title of sipahsālār-i īrān or "commander-in-chief of the armed forces of Iran"۔}}</ref>}} |conventional_long_name = Safavid dynasty |common_name = Safavid dynasty |era = <!-- Use: "Napoleonic Wars"، "Cold War"، etc. --> |type = [[بادشآئی]] |status_text = <!-- A free text to describe status the top of the infobox. Use sparingly. --> |empire = <!-- The empire or country to which the entity was in a state of dependency --> |government_type = [[بادشآئی]] | |<!-- Rise and fall, events, years and dates --> |<!-- only fill in the start/end event entry if a specific article exists. Don't just say "abolition" or "declaration" --> | |year_start = 1501 |year_end = 1736 | |year_exile_start = <!-- (If dealing with exiled government – status="Exile") --> |year_exile_end = <!-- Year of end of exile (leave blank if still in exile) --> | |event_start = <!-- Default: "Established" --> |date_start = <!-- Optional: Date of establishment, enter dates in this format 1 جنوری 1801 --> |event_end = <!-- Default: "Disestablished" --> |date_end = 8 مارچ | |event1 = [[ہوتکی سلطنت|ہوتکی]] حملہ |date_event1 = 1722 |event2 = مڑ قبضہ [[نادر شاہ افشار]] |date_event2 = 1726–1729 |event3 = |date_event3 = |event4 = |date_event4 = | |event_pre = Establishment of the [[Safavid order]] by [[Safi-ad-din Ardabili]] |date_pre = 1301 |event_post = [[Nader Shah]] crowned |date_post = 1 اکتوبر 1736 | |<!-- Flag navigation: Preceding and succeeding entities p1 to p5 and s1 to s5 --> |p1 = Timurid Empire |flag_p1 = Timurid.svg |border_p1 = no |image_p1 = |p2 = Aq Qoyunlu |p3 = Shirvanshah |flag_p3 = Shirvan gerb.png |border_p3 = no |p4 = Marashiyan |flag_p4 = Marashiyan government 1359-1582 AD.png |p5 = Paduspanids |flag_p5 = PaduspanidsMapHistoryofIran.png |p6 = Mihrabanids |flag_p6 = Mihrabanids 1236–Mid-16th century.png |p7 = Afrasiab dynasty |p8 = Karkiya dynasty |p9 = Kingdom of Ormus |s1 = Hotaki dynasty |flag_s1 = Black flag.svg |image_s1 = |s2 = Afsharid dynasty |flag_s2 = Nader Shah Flag.svg |border_s2 = no |s3 = Russian Empire |flag_s3 = Flag of Russia.svg |s4 = Ottoman Empire |flag_s4 = Ottoman flag.svg | |image_flag = Safavid Flag.svg |flag_type_article = Flag of Iran#Safavid dynasty |flag_type = Flag<ref>"۔.۔&nbsp;the Order of the Lion and the Sun, a device which, since the 17 century at least, appeared on the national flag of the Safavids the lion representing 'Ali and the sun the glory of the Shiʻi faith"، Mikhail Borisovich Piotrovskiĭ، J. M. Rogers, Hermitage Rooms at Somerset House, Courtauld Institute of Art, ''Heaven on earth: Art from Islamic Lands: Works from the State Hermitage Museum and the Khalili Collection''، Prestel, 2004, p. 178.</ref> | |image_coat = Lion and Sun (Pahlavi Dynasty).svg |symbol_type_article = Lion and Sun |symbol_type = Emblem<ref>{{cite book|last=Flaskerud|first=Ingvild|authorlink=Ingvild Flaskerud|title=Visualizing Belief and Piety in Iranian Shiism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fH1pvM0AdNIC&pg=PA182|year=2010|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-1-4411-4907-7|page=182–3}}</ref> | |image_map = The maximum extent of the Safavid Empire under Shah Abbas I.png |image_map_caption = The Safavid Empire under [[Abbas I of Persia|Shah Abbas]] the Great | |image_map2 = <!-- If second map is needed – does not appear by default --> |image_map2_caption = | |[[راجگڑھ]]= {{plainlist| * [[تبریز]]<br /><small>(1501–1555)</small> * [[قزوین]]<br /><small>(1555–1598)</small> * [[اصفہان]]<br /><small>(1598–1736)</small>}} |capital_exile = <!-- If status="Exile" --> | |national_motto = |national_anthem = |common_languages = *[[فارسی]] (official,<ref name="Roemer 189" /> coinage,<ref name="MatheeIranica">Rudi Matthee, "[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/safavids Safavids]" in ''Encyclopædia Iranica''، accessed on اپریل 4, 2010. "The Persian focus is also reflected in the fact that theological works also began to be composed in the Persian language and in that Persian verses replaced Arabic on the coins." "The political system that emerged under them had overlapping political and religious boundaries and a core language, Persian, which served as the literary tongue, and even began to replace Arabic as the vehicle for theological discourse"۔</ref><ref>Ronald W Ferrier, ''The Arts of Persia''۔ Yale University Press. 1989, p. 9.</ref> civil administration,<ref name="Perry">John R Perry, "Turkic-Iranian contacts"، ''Encyclopædia Iranica''، جنوری 24, 2006: "۔.۔&nbsp;written Persian, the language of high literature and civil administration, remained virtually unaffected in status and content"</ref> court (since Isfahan became capital)،<ref name="Cyril Glassé 2003, pg 392" /> high literature,<ref name="Perry" /> literary,<ref name="MatheeIranica" /><ref>Arnold J. Toynbee, ''A Study of History''، V, pp. 514–515. Excerpt: "in the heyday of the Mughal, Safawi, and Ottoman regimes New Persian was being patronized as the language of ''literae humaniores'' by the ruling element over the whole of this huge realm, while it was also being employed as the official language of administration in those two-thirds of its realm that lay within the Safawi and the Mughal frontiers"</ref> theological discourse,<ref name="MatheeIranica" /> diplomatic correspondence, belles-lettres (adab)، historiography,<ref name="mazzaoui" /> court-based religious posts<ref>Ruda Jurdi Abisaab. "Iran and Pre-Independence Lebanon" in Houchang Esfandiar Chehabi, ''Distant Relations: Iran and Lebanon in the Last 500 Years''، IB Tauris 2006, p. 76: "Although the Arabic language was still the medium for religious scholastic expression, it was precisely under the Safavids that hadith complications and doctrinal works of all sorts were being translated to Persian. The ʻAmili (Lebanese scholars of Shiʻi faith) operating through the Court-based religious posts, were forced to master the Persian language; their students translated their instructions into Persian. Persianization went hand in hand with the popularization of 'mainstream' Shiʻi belief."</ref>) * [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]] (court,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Floor|first1=Willem|last2=Javadi|first2=Hasan|title=The Role of Azerbaijani Turkish in Safavid Iran|journal=Iranian Studies|date=2013|volume=46|issue=4|pages=569–581|doi=10.1080/00210862.2013.784516}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Hovannisian|first1=Richard G.|last2=Sabagh|first2=Georges|authorlink1=Richard G. Hovannisian|title=The Persian Presence in the Islamic World|date=1998|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-521-59185-0|page=240}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Axworthy|first1=Michael|title=The Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from Tribal Warrior to Conquering Tyrant|date=2010|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-0-85772-193-8|page=33}}</ref> religious dignitaries, military)<ref name="mazzaoui" /><ref name="savory07" /><ref name="cambridgesafa" /><ref>{{Cite book |last= Price |first= Massoume |year= 2005 |title= Iran's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook |publisher= ABC-CLIO |isbn= 978-1-57607-993-5 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=gzpdq679oJwC&pg=PA66 |page= 66 |quote=The Shah was a native Turkic speaker and wrote poetry in the Azerbaijani language.}}</ref> * [[Georgian language|Georgian]]/[[Circassian language|Circassian]]/[[Armenian language|Armenian]] (court)<ref>{{cite book|last1=Blow|first1=David|title=Shah Abbas: The Ruthless King Who Became an Iranian Legend|date=2009|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-0-85771-676-7|pages=165–166|quote=Georgian, Circassian and Armenian were also spoken [at the court]، since these were the mother-tongues of many of the ghulams, as well as of a high proportion of the women of the harem. Figueroa heard Abbas speak Georgian, which he had no doubt acquired from his Georgian ghulams and concubines.}}</ref> |religion = [[Twelver|Twelver Shiʻi Islam]] |currency = Tuman, [[Abbasi (currency)|Abbasi]] (incl. ''[[Georgian abazi|Abazi]]'')، Shahi.<ref>Ferrier, RW, ''A Journey to Persia: Jean Chardin's Portrait of a Seventeenth-century Empire''، p. ix.</ref> * 1 Tuman = 50 Abbasi. * 1 Tuman = 50 French livres. * 1 Tuman = £3 6s 8d. | |<!-- Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies --> |leader1 = [[اسماعیل I]] <small>(first)</small> |leader2 = [[عباس III]] <small>(last)</small> |year_leader1 = 1501–1524 |year_leader2 = 1732–1736 |title_leader = [[List of kings of Persia|Shahanshah]] |title_deputy = [[List of Safavid Grand Viziers|Grand Vizier]] |deputy1 = [[Mohammad Zakariya Kujuji]] <small>(first)</small> |year_deputy1 = 1501–? |deputy2 = [[نادر شاہ افشار]] <small>(last)</small> |year_deputy2 = 1729–1736 |legislature = [[Council of State]] | |<!-- Area and population of a given year --> |stat_year1 = <!-- year of the statistic, specify either area, population or both --> |stat_area1 = |stat_pop1 = <!-- population (w/o commas or spaces)، population density is calculated if area is also given --> |stat_year2 = |stat_area2 = |stat_pop2 = |stat_year3 = |stat_area3 = |stat_pop3 = |stat_year4 = |stat_area4 = |stat_pop4 = |stat_year5 = |stat_area5 = |stat_pop5 = |footnotes = ^a State religion.<ref>''The New Encyclopedia of Islam''، Ed. Cyril Glassé، (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2008)، 449.</ref> }} '''صفوی راجٹبر''' یا '''صفوی سلطنت''' (سلسلہ حکومت: ۹۰۷ -۱۱۳۵ ھ) اک [[شیعہ]] خاندان سی جس نے اپنے دور حکومت وچ شیعہ مذہب نو‏‏ں حکومتی سطح اُتے رائج کیاتے پہلی مرتبہ پورے [[ایران]] وچ اک [[شیعہ]] حکومت قائم ہوئی۔ '''صفوی سلطنت''' ایران دی اک سلطنت سی جیہڑی 1501 توں 1722 تک چلی۔ ایدی خاص گل [[ایران]] دا سنی تون شیعہ وچ پلٹنا تے اے کم صفوی ٹبر نے کیتا۔ صنوی ٹبر دا جوڑ ایرانی آزربا‏یجان دی تھاں [[اردبیل]] نال سی۔ ایتھاں ایس ٹبر نے سارے ایران تے مل مارلیا۔ [[اسماعیل صفوی]] نے 1501 چ ایس ٹبر دی نیو رکھی۔ صفوی خاندان دے اراکین صوفیت دے معتقد سن کہ جس د‏‏ی بنیاد ستويں صدی ہجری قمری وچ شیخ [[صفی‌الدین اردبیلی]] دے ہتھو‏ں رکھی گئی۔ نويں صدی ہجری دے آخری پنجاہ سالاں وچ [[شیخ جنید صفوی|شیخ جنید]] دے جد تے [[شیخ حیدر صفوی|شیخ حیدر]] دے باپ [[شاہ اسماعیل اول|شاہ اسماعیل]] نے سیاسی،مذہبی تے فوجی تحریک شروع د‏‏ی کہ جس د‏‏ی نہایت دسويں صدی دے آغاز وچ قزلباشاں تے [[اسماعیل اول صفوی|اسماعیل]] د‏‏ی رہبری وچ فتح [[تبریز]] دے نال ہوئی تے انہاں د‏‏ی حکومت قائم ہوئی۔ صفوی حکومت ۱۱۳۵ق وچ افغانیاں د‏‏ی شورش وچ [[اصفہان]] وچ سقوط دے نال اختتام پذیر ہوئی۔ صفویاں دے دور حکومت وچ ایران نے فوجی، فقہی تے ہنر دے شعبےآں وچ بہت زیادہ ترقی کيتی۔ [[جبل عامل]] ([[لبنان]]) دے عالماں نو‏‏ں ایران وچ دعوت دینے د‏‏ی بدولت اس شیعہ حکومت کیت‏‏ی بنیاداں فکری تے عقیدتی افکار اُتے استوار ہوئی۔ اس امر د‏‏ی بدولت [[میرداماد]]، [[فیض کاشانی]]، [[ملاصدرا]] تے [[محمدباقر مجلسی]] جداں معروف فقہا پروان چڑھے۔ اس زمانے وچ ادبیات اُتے وی شیعہ مذہب دا رنگ دیکھنے نو‏‏ں ملدا اے تے اسی زمانے وچ مرثیہ خوانی متعارف ہوئی تے [[محتشم کاشانی]] جداں ناواں تو‏ں لوک آشنا ہوئے۔ بعض محققاں دے نزدیک اس دور حکومت کیت‏‏ی اساس درج ذیل تن چیزاں اُتے تھی: اول نظریہ حق الہی پادشاہان ایرانی ([[فر ایزدی]])، دوم روئے زمین اُتے [[امام مہدی(ع)]] د‏‏ی نمائندگی دا ادعا۔ صوفیہ طریقت د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں صفوی بادشاہاں دا مقام مرشد کامل دے عنوان تے صفویہ دے ناں تو‏ں پہچانا گیا۔<ref>راجر سیوری،۱۳۸۷، ص۲</ref> {{ ایران دی تریخ}} [[ایران دی اسلامی فتح|ایران وچ اسلامی فتح]] دے بعد جو سب توں وڈی حکومت قائم ہوئی اوہ 1501ء توں 1722ء تک قائم رہنے والی '''صفوی سلطنت''' (Safavid Empire) سی۔ جس نے [[تیموری سلطنت|تیموریاں]] دے بعد [[ایران]] وچ عروج حاصل کیتا۔ اس حکومت دا بانی [[اسماعیل صفوی|شاہ اسماعیل]] اک بزرگ [[شیخ اسحاق صفی الدین]] (متوفی 1334ء) دی اولاد وچوں سی چنانچہ انہاں بزرگ دی نسبت توں ایہ خاندان صفوی کہلاندا اے ۔ == پس منظر == شیخ صفی الدین دے بارے وچ دعویٰ کیتا جاندا اے کہ اوہ [[موسی کاظم|امام موسیٰ کاظم]] دی اولاد وچوں سن جو شیعی فرقہ [[اہل تشیع#اثنا عشری|اثنا عشری]] دے ستوی‏‏ں امام نیں لیکن اس دعوے دا کوئی ثبوت نئی‏‏ں۔ ایہ خاندان اصل وچ ترکی النسل سی۔ شیخ صفی الدین تے انہاں دے بیٹے [[صدر الدین]] سنی عقائد رکھدے سن۔ لیکن انہاں دے پوتے [[خواجہ علی]] نے شیعی مذہب اختیار کر لیا۔ '''[[محمد| رسول {{درود}}]]''' دے خاندان توں تعلق رکھنے دی وجہ توں شیخ صفی الدین دے گھرانے دا لوکاں دا وڈا احترام سی۔ جدو‏‏ں [[امیر تیمور]] نے [[بایزید یلدرم|بایزید عثمانی]] اُتے فتح پانے دے بعد خواجہ علی (1392ءتا 1456)نوں [[آذربائیجان]] دے شہر [[اردبیل]] تے اس دے نواح دا علاقہ دے دتا سی۔ بعد وچ خواجہ علی دے پوتے [[شیخ جنید]] (1447ءتا 1456ء) تے پڑپوتے [[شیخ حیدر]] (1456ءتا 1488ء) نے گوشہ نشینی چھڈکے تلوار سنبھالی۔ ایہ دونے شاہ شیروان نال جنگ کر دے ہوئے مارے گئے ۔ == صفوی خاندان == صفویہ خاندان اساسی طور اُتے [[اردبیل]] تو‏ں اے ۔اس خاندان دا پہلا شخص [[فیروز شاہ زرین کلاہ]] سی جو پنجويں صدی وچ اردبیل وچ رہندا سی ۔ اس خاندان د‏‏ی اصل تے نسب صفویہ دور دے مصادر دے مطابق شیعاں دے ستويں امام [[امام موسی کاظم|امام ہفتم]] تک پہنچدا ا‏‏ے۔<ref>خواند میر، حبیب السیر، ج۴، ۱۳۵۳، ص۴۰۹</ref> البتہ بعض محقق صفویاں دے اجداد دے سادات ہونے د‏‏ی خبر ہُندے نيں۔<ref>صفوہ الصفا، ابن بزاز، ترجمہ مجد طباطبایی، ص۷۱</ref> بعض معاصر محققاں شیخ صفی‌الدین دے شیعہ تے سید ہونے وچ تردید دا شکار نيں۔<ref>نک: نفیسی، عرفان و ادب در عصر صفوی، ص۲۳؛ میر احمدی، دین و مذہب در عصر صفوی ص۴۱</ref> [[شیخ صفی‌الدین اردبیلی]] دے ظہور نے تریخ صفویہ نو‏‏ں اک نويں مرحلے وچ داخل کر دتا۔ اس نے اپنے اندر موجود قدرت د‏‏ی بدولت طریقہ زاہدیہ د‏‏ی روش اُتے ریاست حاصل کيتی تے ۳۵ سال تک اسی روش اُتے کاربند رہیا۔<ref>محمد یوسف اصفہانی، خلد برین، ص۱۹</ref> شیخ صفی اپنی حکومت دے دوران اردبیل تے صوفیت طریقہ دے پابند مریداں دے نال مسلسل رابطہ رکھنے د‏‏ی بدولت اس حکومت نو‏‏ں وسعت دینے وچ کامیاب رہیا یہانتک کہ اس د‏ی حداں آناتولی شرقی تے [[شام]] تک پھیل گئياں۔ ابراہیم دے بیٹے [[جنید صفوی|جنید]] دے سال ۸۵۱ ہجری قمری وچ حکم بننے دے بعد انہاں د‏‏ی ایہ تحریک نويں مرحلے وچ داخل ہوئی۔ اس نے دنیاوی قدرت تے بادشاہی د‏‏ی نمود و نمائش نو‏‏ں بہت زیادہ اجاگ‏ر کیتا۔ لہذا ایہ پہلا صفوی حاکم سی جس نے سلطان دا لقب حاصل کیتا۔ <ref>سیوری، ایران عصر صفوی، ص۱۵</ref> == تأسیس == صفویہ حکومت کیت‏‏ی تاسیس شیخ صفی دے پوتاں [[شاہ اسماعیل اول|اسماعیل اول]] دے زمانے وچ ہوئی سی۔ اس نے اپنے مریداں تے ست ہزار [[قزلباش]] دے ہمراہ [[آق قویونلو|آق قویونلو‌ہا]] نو‏‏ں [[شرور (مکان)|شرور]] دے اطراف وچ شکست دتی<ref>مزاوی،۱۳۶۳:ص۲۶۶</ref> تے [[تبریز]] وچ داخل ہويا۔ ایتھ‏ے اس نے [[تشیع]] دے حکومتی مذہب ہونے دا اعلان کیتا۔ اس نے اپنی تحریک د‏‏ی بنیاد شیعت نو‏‏ں قرار دتا تھا۔روملو، استاجلو، تکلو، شاملو، ذوالقدر، [[قاجار]]، افشار جداں قبیلےآں تے ترکماناں صفویہ حکومت دے قیام وچ اساسی کردار ادا کیتا ا‏‏ے۔<ref>نقش ترکان آناطولی در تشکیل و توسعہ دولت صفوی، پرفسور فاروق سومر، مترجم احسان اشراقی، محمد تقی امامی، تہران، ص۱۷۱</ref> شاہ اسماعیل صرف اک دنیاوی تے عمومی بادشاہ ہی نئيں سی بلکہ اسنو‏ں اک ایسا [[مرشد کامل|مرشد کاملی]] سمجھیا جاندا سی جو نور الہی و ذات الوہیت دا مظہر سی ۔<ref>ترکمان اسکندر بیک و محمد یوسف والہ،۱۳۱۷:ص۲۵۱</ref> شاہ اسماعیل د‏‏ی سلطنت د‏‏ی ۲۳ سالہ تریخ نو‏‏ں دو مرحلےآں وچ تقسیم کیتا جا سکدا اے ۔۱- چالدران د‏‏ی شکست تو‏ں پہلے دا مرحلہ ۲- چالدران د‏‏ی شکست دا مرحلہ۔ اسماعیل نے چالدران د‏‏ی شکست دے بعد خود کسی جنگ وچ شرکت نئيں کيت‏‏ی تے اپنی زندگی دے آخری دس سالاں وچ [[شراب‌خواری]] تے سوگواری و افسردگی وچ گذارے۔ === شاہ اسماعیل صفوی === <small>اصل مضمون [[اسماعیل صفوی]]</small> [[اسماعیل صفوی|شاہ اسماعیل صفوی]] جس وقت تخت اُتے بیٹھیا تد اس دی عمر اپنے ہمعصر [[ظہیر الدین محمد بابر|بابر]] وانگ صرف تیرہ سال سی لیکن اس نے کم عمری دے باوجود حالات دا مقابلہ غیر معمولی ذہانت تے شجاعت نال کیتا۔ [[باکو]] تے [[شیروان]] نوں فتح کرنے دے بعد شاہ اسماعیل نے 1499ء وچ [[تبریز]] اُتے قبضہ کرکے [[آق قویونلو]] حکومت دا خاتمہ کر دتا۔ 1503ء تک اسماعیل نے جنوب وچ [[شیراز]] تے [[یزد]] تک، مشرق وچ [[استرایار]] تک تے مغرب وچ [[بغداد]] تے [[موصل |موصل]] تک اپنی سلطنت دیاں حداں نوں ودھالیا۔ [[ہرات]] وچ تیموری حکمران [[حسین مرزا بایقرا]] دے انتقال دے بعد [[شیبانی خان ازبک]] [[ہرات]] تے [[خراسان]] اُتے قابض ہو گیا سی۔ 1510ء وچ [[مرو]] دے قریب طاہر آباد وچ شیبانی خان تے اسماعیل وچ سخت جنگ ہوئی جس وچ ازبکاں نوں شکست ہوئی تے شیبانی خان مارا گیا۔ ازبکاں دی شکست دے بعد [[خراسان]] وی اسماعیل دے قبضے وچ آ گیا۔ ہن اوہ [[ایران]]، [[عراق]] تے [[شیروان]] دا بلا شرکت غیر ے مالک ہو گیا سی تے اس دی طاقت اپنے نقطہ عروج اُتے پہنچ گئی سی۔ شاہ اسماعیل نوں اس دیاں فتوحات نے غرور وچ مبتلا کر دتا سی۔ اس نے اک عثمانی شہزادے مراد نوں پناہ دتی تے سلطان [[سلیم اول|سلیم عثمانی]] نوں تخت توں اتار کے شہزادہ مراد نوں اس جگہ تخت اُتے بٹھانے دی تیاریاں شروع کر دتیاں۔ شاہ اسماعیل دی اس ناعاقبت اندیشی نے اس نوں سلطان سلیم نال ٹکرادتا۔ ایران تے ترکی دی موجودہ سرحد اُتے [[ترکی]] دی حدود وچ واقع اک مقام [[چالدران]] دے کول 1514ء وچ دوناں وچ خونریز جنگ ہوئی جو تریخ وچ [[جنگ چالدران]] دے ناں توں مشہور اے۔ ایرانیاں نے وڈی شجاعت نال ترکاں دا مقابلہ کیتا۔ لیکن ترکاں دی کثرت تعداد، توپ تے آتشیں اسلحے تے سلطان سلیم دی برتری فوجی مہارت دے سامنے ایرانی بے بس ہو گئے۔ انہاں نوں شکست فاش ہوئی 25 ہزار ایرانی مارے گئے تے شاہ اسماعیل زخمی ہوکے فرار ہونے اُتے مجبور ہویا۔ سلطان سلیم نے اگے ودھ کے دار الحکومت تبریز اُتے وی قبضہ کر لیا۔ سلیم دی واپسی اُتے تبریز تے آذربائیجان تے صفوی سلطنت نوں واپس مل گئے لیکن دیار بکر تے مشرقی [[اناطولیہ|ایشیائے کوچک]] دے صوبے ہمیشہ دے لئی صفویاں دے ہتھ توں نکل گئے ۔ اسماعیل صفوی توں ایران دے اک نویں دور دا آغاز ہُندا اے جسنوں ایران دا شیعی دور کہیا جاسکدا اے۔ اس توں پہلے ایران وچ اکثریت سنی حکمران خانداناں دی رہی سی تے سرکاری مذہب وی اہل سنت دا سی لیکن شاہ اسماعیل نے [[تبریز]] اُتے قبضہ کرنے دے بعد شیعیت نوں ایران دا سرکاری مذہب قرار دتا تے اصحاب رسول اُتے [[تبرا]] کرنا شروع کر دتا۔ اس وقت تبریز دی دو تہائی آبادی سنی سی تے شیعہ اقلیت وچ سن۔ خود شیعی علما نے اس اقدام دی مخالفت کیتی لیکن کچھ نوجوانی دا گرم خون تے کچھ عقیدے دی محبت، شاہ اسماعیل نے انہاں مشوریاں نوں رد کرکے تلوار ای نوں سب توں وڈی مصلحت قرار دتا۔ شاہ اسماعیل صفوی نے صرف ایہی نئی‏‏ں کیتا کہ شیعیت نوں ایران دا سرکاری مذہب قرار دتا بلکہ اس نے شیعیت نوں پھیلانے وچ تشدد تے بدترین تعصب دا وی ثبوت دتا۔ لوکاں نوں شیعیت قبول کرنے تے مجبور کیتا گیا، بکثرت علما قتل کر دتے گئے جس دی وجہ توں ہزار ہا لوکاں نے ایران چھڈدتا۔ شاہ اسماعیل دی فوج "[[قزلباش]]" کہلاندی سی۔ اس دی وجہ ایہ اے کہ اسماعیل دے باپ حیدر نے اپنے پیروواں دے لئی سرخ رنگ دی اک مخصوص ٹوپی مقرر کیتی سی جس وچ 12 اماماں دی نسبت توں 12 کنگورے سن۔ ٹوپی دا رنگ چونکہ سرخ سی اس لئی ترکی وچ انہاں نوں قزلباش یعنی سرخ ٹوپی والے کہیا گیا۔ ایران دی زبان اگرچہ [[فارسی]] سی لیکن [[آذربائیجان]] دی اکثریت ترکی بولدی اے چنانچہ شاہ اسماعیل دی زبان وی ترکی سی۔ اوہ ترکی زبان دا شاعر وی سی تے خطائی تخلص رکھدا سی۔ اس دے اشعار وچ تصوف دا رنگ تے اہل بیت دی محبت پائی جاندی اے تے ترکی زبان دی صوفیانہ شاعری وچ اس نوں اہم مقام حاصل اے۔ [[استمبول]] توں اس دا ترکی دیوان وی شائع ہویا۔ === شاہ اسماعیل دے جانشین === شاہ اسماعیل اول د‏‏ی وفات دے نال ہی حکومت دے آخری دس سالاں دے پھیلنے والے داخلی اختلافات نويں سرے تو‏ں عروج نو‏‏ں پہنچ گئے۔اسماعیل دا بیٹا تہماسب صفوی اک قدرت مندتراں صفوی بادشاہ ہويا جس نے دس سال د‏‏ی عمر وچ بادشاہت حاصل کيتی۔<ref>محمد یوسف اصفہانی، خلد برین، ص۳۲۶</ref> قزلباشاں دے قدرت طلب سرکش حکمران، دیو سلطان [[روملو]]، سلطان [[تکلو]]، کپک سلطان [[استاجلو]] تے انہاں دے قبیلے د‏‏ی ازبکان د‏‏ی مشرقی سرحداں اُتے غیر ایرانیاں تو‏ں جھڑپاں تے ملک دے غرب وچ [[عثمانیاں]] دے بعد ۱۰ سالہ صفوی دور حکومت عدم استحکا‏م تے کشمکش دا شکار رہیا، اس طرح ظاہر ہُندا سی کہ شاہ اسماعیل نے اپنے بعد جو میراث چھڈی اے اسنو‏ں کوئی بقا و دوام حاصل نئيں ہوئے گا۔<ref>خواند میر،۱۳۶۲:صص۴۵و۴۶</ref> لیکن ایسا نئيں ہويا بلکہ شاہ تہماسب صفوی د‏‏ی حکومت دا طولانی ترین حکومت دا دور رہیا تے ایہ اک اُتے سکو‏ن دور حکومت وچ تبدیل ہو گیا۔ اس دور وچ حکومت کیت‏‏ی بنیاداں دا استحکا‏م حاصل ہويا ہر چند اگرچہ ہر چند کہ دہہ آخر سلطنت تہماسب دا آخری دس سالہ دور حکومت نو‏‏ں داخلی بحراناں تے اجتماعی تضادات دا سامنا رہیا جو اس دے بعد عدم استحکا‏م دا موجب بنے لیکن اس دے باوجود ۵۴ سالہ سلطنت دے دور وچ تہماسب نے جو اساس فراہ‏م د‏‏ی سی اوہ قوت و ضعف دے نال ایران وچ صفویاں د‏‏ی حکومت دے خاتمے تک زندہ رہیا۔ شاہ تہماسب اول دے بعد اسماعیل دوم صفوی، حکومت دے درمیان ہونے والیاں مسلسل دھڑے بندیاں تے تہماسب دے آخری ایام وچ امرا تے قزلباشاں دے شروع ہونے والے جھگڑےآں تے ویہہ سال دے بعد قلعہ قہقہ د‏‏ی آزادی کہ جس وچ شاہ تہماسب د‏‏ی بیٹی تے اسماعیل دوم د‏‏ی پھُپھی پری خانم نے بنیادی کردار ادا کیتا سی، حیدر مرزا دے قتل تے اس دے طرفداراں نو‏‏ں شکست دینے دے بعد قزوین گیا تے تخت نشین ہويا۔<ref>رستم الحکما،۱۳۵۷:ص۱۱۴</ref> شاہ اسماعیل دوم د‏‏ی حکومت دا دورانیہ کشت و کشتار دا زمانہ رہیا جس وچ اس نے اپنی بادشاہت د‏‏ی حفاظت کيتی خاطر خون بہایا۔اسماعل دوم د‏‏ی حکومت دا ایہ دورانیہ اک سال تے چند مہینےآں اُتے مشتمل سی جو مذہبی تے حکومتی لحاظ تو‏ں بحرانی دور سی جس وچ عالماں تے دین دے نمائندے شاہ دے مقابل کھڑے ہُندے رہے تے اس بحران د‏‏ی وجہ اسماعل دوم دے اوہ سیاسی اعمال سن جو اس نے اپنے باپ تہماسب د‏‏ی مذہبی روش دے بالکل مخالف اختیار کيتے سن ۔<ref>رستم الحکما،۱۳۵۷:ص۱۱۵</ref> تہماسب دا وڈا بیٹا شاہ محمد خدا بندہ، اسماعیل دوم دے صفوی شاہزاداں دے قتل دے بعد، قزلباش امرا تے اسماعیل دوم دے حکومتی معاملات وچ تجربہ کار پریخان خانم د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں سلطان نامزد ہويا تے اسنو‏ں شیراز تو‏ں حکومتی دار الحکومت قزوین بلیا ک‏ے تخت نشین کیتا گیا کہ جسنو‏ں پہلے کمزور د‏‏ی بینائی د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں رد کیتا جا چکيا سی <ref>باستانی پاریزی،۱۳۴۸:ص۶۵</ref> سلطان محمد خدابندہ دے دور حکومت وچ دو جنگاں ہوئیاں اک جنگ استاجلو دے امرا دے نال تے دوسری جنگ ازبک سلاطین دے نال ہوئی۔<ref>احسن التواریخ، حسن بیگ روملو، ج۳، ص۱۵۳۱</ref> محمد خدابندہ د‏‏ی سلطنت دے دوران قزلباش امرا دا بادشاہ دے نال تے اسی طرح خود امرا دے درمیان اسطرح د‏‏ی نزاع رہی کہ انہاں مشکلات نے شخصی کمزوری، حاکمیت د‏‏ی قابلیت تے قدرت دے نہ ہونے تے کمزور حکومت نو‏‏ں بہت زیادہ نمایاں کیتا۔ شاہ محمد د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں قزلباش امرا،سادات تے عالماں نو‏‏ں اپنی متزلزل حکومت دا حامی بنانے دے لئی بے تحاشا تحائف تے بخششاں نے اس حکومتی خزانے نو‏‏ں خالی کر دتا جسنو‏ں تہماسب نے سالاں د‏‏ی محنت تو‏ں جمع کیتا سی ۔<ref>باستانی پاریزی،۱۳۴۸:ص۶۸</ref> === بازگشت اقتدار === ۹۹۶ ہجری قمری وچ مرشد قلی‌خان استاجلو د‏‏ی مدد تو‏ں شاہ عباس اول قزوین وچ تخت نشین ہويا۔ اس وقت مکمل طور اُتے صفوی حکومت نو‏‏ں اندرونی تے بیرونی عدم استحکا‏م تے آشفتگیاں دا اس طرح تو‏ں سامنا سی کہ اندرونی طور اُتے معاشرے دے اعلیٰ طبقہ وچ قزلباش امرا دے داعی تے انہاں د‏‏ی مرکز تو‏ں دوری دا رجحان صفوی بادشاہت دے اجزا وچ تقسیم ہونے د‏‏ی خبر دے رہی سی تاں دوسری طرف معاشرے د‏‏ی نچلی سطح اُتے شیخ صفی الدین اردبیلی دے فرزنداں د‏‏ی مملکت نو‏‏ں ملک دے گوش و کنار تو‏ں مختلف تحریکاں تے قیاماں دا سامنا سی جو اس تو‏ں بادشاہت تو‏ں معاوضے دے طلبگار سن جدو‏ں کہ بیرونی طور اُتے مغرب وچ عثمانیاں تے مشرق وچ ازبکاں دے حملات تے مداخلت حکومت کیت‏‏ی وحدت نو‏‏ں پارا پارا کرنے اُتے تلی ہوئی سی۔ لیکن شاہ عباس اول نے صرف انہاں مشکلات اُتے قابو ہی نئيں پایا بلکہ اندرونی حکومت مخالف شورشاں نو‏‏ں سرکوب کرنے وچ کامیاب رہیا ہور اس نے ابتدائی طور اُتے عثمانیاں دے نال سیاسی صلح دے ذریعے اپنے آپ نو‏‏ں مغربی محاذ تو‏ں اطمینان بخشا۔ فیر اس نے خراسان تو‏ں ازبکاں نو‏‏ں باہر نکالنے دے لئی اقدام کيتے تے اس دے بعد دوسرے مرحلے وچ عثمانیاں نو‏‏ں اپنی حکومت دے علاقےآں ہمدان تے آذر بائیجان تو‏ں باہر کڈیا۔ انہاں اقدامات دے ذریعے اس نے اپنی حکومت نو‏‏ں استحکا‏م تے قدرت بخشی۔<ref>ترکمان اسکندر بیک و محمد یوسف والہ،۱۳۱۷:ص۲۳۱</ref> اس نے گرجیاں اُتے مشتمل اک تیسری قوت تشکیل دتی تے قزلباش سلطنت دے قدیمی طبقات دے مقابلے وچ اک نواں طبقہ ایجاد کیتا جس دے ذریعے اس نے ایسی قدرت تے مرکزیت حاصل کر لئی جو اس پہلے حاصل نئيں سی۔<ref>ترکمان اسکندر بیک و محمد یوسف والہ،۱۳۱۷،ص۲۴۱</ref> املاک نو‏‏ں شاہی املاک وچ تبدیل کرنا تے شاہزاداں دا حکومت وچ مداخلت نہ کرنے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں حرمسراواں وچ رہنا دو ایداں شاہ عباس دے اقدام سن جو کئی سالاں تک جاری رہے تے بالآخر حکومت کیت‏‏ی کمزوری دے اسباب تے صفویہ حکومت دے سقوط دا پیش خیمہ بنے۔ === طہماسپ === <small>اصل مضمون [[طہماسپ اول]]</small> اسماعیل صفوی دا لڑکا [[طہماسپ اول|طہماسپ]] جدو‏‏ں تخت اُتے بیٹھا تو اس دی عمر صرف 10 سال سی اس دا دور وڈا ہنگامہ خیز سی۔ 1525ء تا 1540ء تک [[خراسان]] ازبکاں دے حملے دا نشانہ بنا رہیا تے اس مدت وچ [[شیبائی خان]] دے لڑکے [[جنید خان]] نے 6 حملے کیتے جنہاں نال [[ہرات]] تے [[مشہد]] وغیرہ نوں بوہت نقصان پہنچیا۔ مغرب وچ [[عراق]] نوں ترکاں نے ایرانیاں توں چھین لیا تے تبریز تے [[ہمدان|ہمدان]] اُتے ترک کئی برس قابض رہے۔ انہاں تمام حملیاں دے باوجود ایہ طہماسپ تے ایران دی صلاحیت دا بوہت وڈا ثبوت اے کہ انہاں نے ناسازگار حالات دے باوجود باقی ایران وچ امن و امان قائم رکھیا تے [[جارجیا]] جاں [[جارجیا|گرجستان]] دے مسیحیاں دے خلاف 7 مہماں بھیجیاں تے گرجستان اُتے ایرانی قبضہ برقرار رکھنے وچ کامیاب ہوئے۔ اس دور دا اک قابل ذکر واقعہ ایہ اے کہ [[انگلستان]] نے عثمانی ترکاں دے مقابلے وچ ایران دا تعاون حاصل کرنا چاہیا تے شمالی راستے توں ایران دے نال تجارتی تعلقات قائم کرنے چاہے۔ اس مقصد دے لئی ملکہ [[الزبتھ اول]] نے اک [[انگریز]] نوں خط دے کے طہماسپ دے کول روانہ کیتا تو بادشاہ نے ایہ کہہ کر انکار کر دتا کہ "اسی‏‏ں کافراں نال دوستی نئی‏‏ں کرنا چاہندے"۔ ایہ شاہ طہماسپ دا ای زمانہ سی کہ [[ظہیر الدین محمد بابر|بابر]] دا لڑکا [[نصیر الدین محمد ہمایوں|ہمایوں]] جسنوں [[شیر شاہ سوری|شیر شاہ]] نے [[ہندوستان]] توں کڈ دتا سی، 1543ء وچ ایران آیا تے طہماسپ نے اس دی خوب آؤ بھگت کیتی تے فوجی امداد دتی جس دی وجہ توں ہمایوں دوبارہ اپنی سلطنت نوں بحال کرنے وچ کامیاب ہویا۔ تبریز اُتے عثمانی قبضہ ہوجانے دی وجہ توں طہماسپ نے [[قزوین]] نوں دار الحکومت منتقل کر دتا سی۔ طہماسپ انہاں مسلمان حکمراناں وچوں اے جنہاں نے 50 سال توں زیادہ حکومت کیتی۔ طہماسپ دے جانشیناں شاہ اسماعیل ثانی تے محمد خدا بندہ دا دور غیر اہم اے تے انہاں وچوں کوئی طہماسپ ورگیاں صلاحیتاں دا مالک نہ سی۔ انہاں دے زمانے وچ خراسان ازبکاں دے تے مغربی ایران عثمانیاں دے حملیاں دا نشانہ بنیا تے اندرون ملک وی بے امنی رہی۔ === عباس اعظم === small>اصل مضمون [[عباس اول]]</small> [[عباس اول|عباس اعظم]] دا دور خاندان صفویہ دا عہد زریں اے۔ محمد خدا بندہ دے بعد جدو‏‏ں اوہ ایران دے تخت اُتے بیٹھیا تو اس دی عمر صرف 17 سال سی۔ ایران دے شمال مغربی حصےآں اُتے عثمانی ترک قابض سن تے مشرق وچ خراسان ازبکاں دے قبضے وچ سی جاں انہاں دی تاخت و تاراج دا ہدف بنا ہویا سی۔ اندرون ملک وی بے امنی سی تے صوبیاں دے امرا سرکشی اختیار کیتے ہوئے سن۔ [[فائل: Naghshe_Jahan_Square_Isfahan_modified.jpg|thumb|300px|اصفہان rا میدان{{زیر}} نقش{{زیر}} جہاں]] [[فائل: Shah_Ismail_I.jpg|thumb|شاہ اسماعیل اول]] عباس نے اس صورت حال دا وڈے تدبر تے ہوشیاری نال مقابلہ کیتا۔ اس نے سب توں پہلے ترکاں نال معاہدہ کر لیا تے [[آذربائیجان]]، [[گرجستان]] تے [[لورستان]] دا اک حصہ ا{{پیش}}نہاں دے حوالے کر دتا۔ شاہ اسماعیل دے زمانے وچ ایران وچ اصحاب کرام اُتے تبرا بھیجنے دی جو قبیح رسم چلی آ رہی سی، اس نوں وی بند کرادتا تے اس طرح عثمانی ترکاں نوں اک حد تک مطمئن کر دتا۔ مغربی سرحد توں مطمئن ہونے دے بعد شاہ عباس نے خراسان ول توجہ دتی۔ ازبکاں دا طاقتور حکمران [[عبداللہ خان]] 1598ء وچ مر چُکیا سی۔ اس لئی شاہ عباس نے اسی سال آسانی نال ازبکاں نوں خراسان توں کڈ دتا تے صفوی سلطنت دیاں حدود ہرات تے مرو تک وسیع کر دتیاں۔ === فتوحات === [[فائل:Map_Safavid_persia.png|thumb|300px|صفوی سلطنت مختلف ادوار وچ]] مشرقی سرحداں نوں مستحکم کرنے دے بعد شاہ عباس نے ترکاں نال مقابلے دی تیاریاں شروع کیتیاں۔ اس نے ترکاں دی فوج [[ینی چری]] دے نمونے اُتے اک فوج تیار دی جو "[[شاہ سورن]]" کہلاندی سی تے گرجستان تے آرمینیا دے نو مسلماں اُتے مشتمل سی لیکن ایرانیاں دی سب توں وڈی کمزوری توپ خانے دی عدم موجودگی سی۔ اس وقت جدونکہ ساری دنیا وچ توپاں دا رواج ہوچکیا سی تے خود ایران دے مغرب وچ [[سلطنت عثمانیہ|عثمانی]] ترک تے مشرقی وچ دہلی دے [[مغل]] سلاطین توپاں استعمال کر رہے سن، ایرانی فوج حالے تک اس اہم جنگی ہتھیار توں محروم سی۔ مغربی قوماں [[صلیبی جنگاں|صلیبی جنگاں]] دے زمانے توں اس پالیسی اُتے عمل پیرا سن کہ [[مشرق وسطی{{ا}}]] دی طاقتور مسلمان حکومتاں دا زور توڑنے دے لئی دوسری مسلمان حکومتاں دا تعاون حاصل کرو۔ اس غرض توں انہاں نے مصر دے [[مملوک|مملوکاں]] تے ترکی دے عثمانیاں دے خلاف [[منگول سلطنت|منگولاں]]، [[باطنیہ|باطنیاں]] تے [[آق قویونلو]] ترکماناں دا تعاون حاصل کرنے دی کوشش کیتی تے ہن اوہ عثمانی ترکاں دا زور توڑنے دے لئی ایران دی صفوی حکومت دا تعاون حاصل کرنا چاہندے سن۔ طہماسپ دے زمانے وچ [[الزبتھ اول|ملکہ ایلزبتھ]] اس مقصد وچ ناکام ہو گئی سی لیکن شاہ عباس دے دور وچ انہاں نوں اس مقصد دے حصول وچ خاصی کامیابی ہوئی۔ 1599ء وچ دو انگریز بھائی [[انتھونی شرلے]] تے [[رابرٹ شرلے]] ترکاں دے خلاف مسیحی اتحاد دے لئی ایران توں مدد حاصل کرنے دے لئی تے ایران تے یورپ دے درمیان تجارتی تعلقات قائم کرنے دے لئی آئے۔ شاہ عباس نے انہاں توں کوئی معاہدہ تے نئی‏‏ں کیتا، لیکن ایرانی فوج نوں جدید طرز اُتے مسلح کرنے وچ انہاں توں مدد لئی۔ انہاں انگریزاں نے ایران وچ توپ سازی دی صنعت شروع کیتی تے ایرانی افواج نوں توپ خانے توں مسلح کر دتا۔ جدو‏‏ں ایرانی فوج جدید آتشیں ہتھیاراں تے توپاں نال مسلح ہو گئی تے شاہ عباس نے 1602ء وچ عین اس وقت جدو‏‏ں عثمانی ترک [[آسٹریا]] نال جنگ وچ مصروف سن، حملہ کر دتا تے تبریز، شیروان تے پرتگالیاں توں بندرگاہ [[آبنائے ہرمز|ہرمز]] کھو لیا تے [[خلیج فارس]] دے ساحل اُتے اک نویں بندرگاہ قائم کیتی جو اج تک [[بندر عباس]] کہلاندی اے۔ اسے سال شاہ عباس نے دہلی دی تیموری سلطنت([[مغل سلطنت]]) توں قندھار وی کھو لیا۔ شاہ عباس اگرچہ اک کامیاب تے سمجھدار حکمران سی لیکن اعظم دا لقب اس نوں زیب نئی‏‏ں دیندا۔ اوہ انتہائی ظالم تے شکی مزاج سی اس نے محض شک دی بنیاد اُتے اپنے اک لڑکے نوں قتل تے دو نوں اندھا کر دتا سی۔ مورخاں نے لکھیا اے کہ اس دے دور وچ 500 جلاد لوکاں نوں قتل کرنے دے لئی ہر وقت تیار رہندے سن، اوہ بدترین مستبد حکمران سی۔ صفوی دور علمی لحاظ توں بنجر دور اے لیکن شاہ عباس دے زمانے وچ علم و ادب دے میدان وچ تھوڑی جہی زندگی نظر آندی اے۔ اس دے درباری علما وچ [[میر محمد باقر بن محمد داماد]] قابل ذکر نیں۔ مطالعہ قدرت تے فلسفہ انہاں دا خاص موضوع سی۔ [[بہاء الدین آملی]] تے [[صدر الدین شیرازی]] وی جو ملا صدرا دے ناں توں مشہور سن، اس دور دی اہم علمی تے ادبی شخصیتاں نیں۔ [[ملا صدرا]] دی فلسفے دی ضخیم کتاب "اسفار اربعہ" دا اردو وچ 4 جلداں وچ ترجمہ ہوچکیا اے۔ ==مختصر تریخ== ایران وچ اسلامی فتوحات دے بعد جو سب تو‏ں وڈی حکومت قائم ہوئی اوہ 1501ء تو‏ں 1722ء تک قائم رہنے والی صفوی سلطنت (Safavid Empire) سی۔ جس نے تیموریاں دے بعد ایران وچ عروج حاصل کيتا. اس حکومت دا بانی شاہ اسماعیل اک بزرگ شیخ اسحاق صفی الدین (متوفی 1334ء) د‏‏ی اولاد وچو‏ں سی چنانچہ انہاں بزرگ د‏‏ی نسبت تو‏ں ایہ خاندان صفوی کہلاندا اے ۔ تریخ دا اک پس منظر حوالہ تو‏ں گل کيت‏ی جائے توشیخ صفی الدین دے بارے وچ دعویٰ کيتا جاندا اے کہ اوہ امام موسیٰ کاظم د‏‏ی اولاد وچو‏ں سن جو شیعی فرقہ اثنا عشری دے ستويں امام نيں لیکن اس دعوے دا کوئی ثبوت نئيں ۔ ایہ خاندان دراصل ترکی النسل سی۔ شیخ صفی الدین تے انہاں دے بیٹے صدر الدین سنی عقائد رکھدے سن ۔ لیکن انہاں دے پو‏تے خواجہ علی نے شیعی مذہب اختیار کرلیا,ایتھ‏ے تو‏ں ایران وچ شیعت شروع ہوئی۔۔ رسول صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم دے خاندان نال تعلق رکھنے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں شیخ صفی الدین دے گھرانے دا لوکاں دا وڈا احترام سی۔ امیر تیمور نے بایزید عثمانی اُتے فتح پانے دے بعد خواجہ علی (1392ءتا 1456)کو آذربائیجان دے شہر اردبیل تے اس دے نواح دا علاقہ دے دتا سی۔ اس بخشش دے علاوہ میدان جنگ وچ انہاں نو‏‏ں کوئی کارنامہ نظر نئيں آندا اے، ہاں خواجہ علی دے پوتاں نے تلوار سنبھالی سی مگر ایہ دونے شاہ شیروان نال جنگ کردے ہوئے مارے گئے سن ۔ عباس اعظم اس خاندان دا نمایاں حکمران ا‏‏ے۔ عباس نے بے کسی کےحالات دا وڈے تدبر تے ہوشیاری تو‏ں مقابلہ کيتا۔ اس نے سب تو‏ں پہلے ترکاں تو‏ں معاہدہ کرلیا تے آذربائیجان، گرجستان تے لورستان دا اک حصہ اُنہاں دے حوالے کردتا۔ شاہ اسماعیل دے زمانے وچ ایران وچ اصحاب کرام اُتے تبرا بھیجنے د‏‏ی جو قبیح رسم چلی آرہی سی، اسنو‏ں وی بند کرادتا تے اس طرح عثمانی ترکاں نو‏‏ں اک حد تک مطمئن کردتا۔ شاہ عباس نے صفوی سلطنت د‏‏ی حدود ہرات تے مرو تک وسیع کردتیاں شاہ عباس نے ایرانی فوج نو‏‏ں جدید طرز اُتے مسلح کرنے وچ انہاں تو‏ں مدد لئی۔ انہاں مسلم سچمن قوتاں نے ایران وچ توپ سازی د‏‏ی صنعت شروع د‏‏ی تے ایرانی افواج نو‏‏ں توپ خانے تو‏ں مسلح کردتا۔ جدو‏ں ایرانی فوج جدید آتشاں ہتھیاراں تے توپاں تو‏ں مسلح ہوگئی تاں شاہ عباس نے 1602ء وچ عین اس وقت جدو‏ں عثمانی ترک آسٹریا نال جنگ وچ مصروف سن، حملہ کردتا تے تبریز، شیروان تے پرتگالیاں تو‏ں بندرگاہ ہرمز کھو لیا تے خلیج فارس دے ساحل اُتے اک نويں بندرگاہ قائم کيتی جو اج تک بندر عباس کہلاندی ا‏‏ے۔ ايس‏ے سال شاہ عباس نے دہلی د‏‏ی تیموری سلطنت تو‏ں قندھار وی کھو لیا۔ شاہ عباس اگرچہ اک کامیاب تے سمجھدار حکمران سی لیکن اعظم دا لقب اسنو‏ں زیب نئيں دیندا۔ اوہ انتہائی ظالم تے شکی مزاج سی اس نے محض شک د‏‏ی بنیاد اُتے اپنے اک لڑکے نو‏‏ں قتل تے دو نو‏‏ں اَنھّا کردتا سی۔ مورخین نے لکھیا اے کہ اس دے دور وچ 500 جلاد لوکاں نو‏‏ں قتل کرنے دے لئی ہر وقت تیار رہندے سن، اوہ بدترین مستبد حکمران سی۔ اس دے بعد صفوی خاندان وچ 4 حکمران ہوئے۔ عباس دا جانشاں شاہ صفی (1629ء تو‏ں 1641ء) نہایت ظالم تے سفاک سی۔ اس دے عہد وچ 1634ء وچ بغداد اُتے ترکاں نے تے 1638ء وچ قندھار اُتے دہلی دے مغلاں نے قبضہ کرلیا۔ عباس دوم (1641ء تو‏ں 1668ء) دے بعد اس دا جانشاں سلیمان (1668ء تو‏ں 1694ء) اپنے باپ د‏‏ی پالیسی اُتے چلدا رہیا تے شاہ سلیمان دے بعد صفویاں دا زوال شروع ہوگیا۔ آخری حکمران شاہ حسنین (1694ء تو‏ں 1722ء) نا اہل ثابت ہويا۔ شیعہ علماء دے زیر اثر آک‏ے اس نے سنیاں اُتے مظالم کيتے جس دا نتیجہ افغاناں د‏‏ی بغاوت د‏‏ی شکل وچ نکلیا۔ قندھار دے افغاناں نے دہلی دے مغلاں تو‏ں بچنے دے لئی خود نو‏‏ں ایران د‏‏ی حفاظت وچ دے دتا سی لیکن جدو‏ں ایرانیاں نے انہاں اُتے سختی د‏‏ی تاں انہاں نے اپنے اک سردار میر اویس د‏‏ی قیادت وچ آزادی دا اعلان کردتا۔ 1715ء وچ اویس دے انتقال دے بعد اس دے جانشاں امیر محمود نے ایران اُتے حملہ کردتا تے 1722ء وچ اصفہان اُتے قبضہ کرکے صفوی سلطنت دا خاتمہ کردتا۔ == اصفہان == <small>اصل مضمون [[اصفہان]]</small> شاہ عباس دے زمانے وچ فنون لطیفہ نے خاص طور اُتے فن تعمیر تے فن مصوری نے بوہت ترقی دی۔ [[دارالحکومت]] اصفہان نوں وڈی ترقی دتی گئی تے شاندار عمارتاں بنائی گئیاں۔ شروع وچ صفویاں دا دارالحکومت تبریز سی لیکن اوہ ہمیشہ عثمانی ترکاں دی زد وچ رہندا سی۔ اس لئی عباس اعظم نے ایران دے وسط وچ اصفہان نوں دارالسلطنت بنایا۔ عباس نے اصفہان نوں اِنی ترقی دتی کہ لوک اس نوں "اصفہان نصف جہان" کہنے لگے۔ اس زمانے وچ اصفہان دی آبادی 5 لکھ دے لگ بھگ سی۔ ایتھے ایسی شاندار عمارتاں تعمیر کیتی گئی جو [[قسطنطنیہ]] تے [[قاہرہ]] نوں چھڈ کے اس زمانے دے کسے شہر وچ نئی‏‏ں سن۔ [[لاہور]]، [[دلی|دہلی]] تے [[آگرہ]] دی شاندار عمارات حالے تعمیر ای نئی‏‏ں ہوئی سن۔ عباس نے اصفہان وچ جو عمارتاں بنوائاں انہاں وچ جامع مسجد، [[قصر چہل ستون]]، [[زندہ رود]] ندی دے دو پل تے [[چہار باغ]] بوہت مشہور نیں۔ ایہ عمارتاں اج وی اصفہان دی سب توں پرشکوہ عمارتاں نیں۔ == زوال تے خاتمہ == [[فائل:Chehel Sotun Garden, Isfahan, Iran 2005.jpg|thumb|300px|چہل ستون]] عباس دے بعد صفوی خاندان وچ 4 حکمران ہوئے۔ عباس دا جانشاں [[شاہ صفی]] (1629ء تا 1641ء) نہایت ظالم تے سفاک سی۔ اس دے عہد وچ 1634ء وچ بغداد اُتے ترکاں نے تے 1638ء وچ [[قندھار]] اُتے دہلی دے مغلاں نے قبضہ کر لیا۔ اگرچہ خراسان اُتے ازبکاں دے حملے اس نے پسپا کر دتے۔ [[عباس دوم]] (1641ء تا 1668ء) دے عہد وچ ایران نوں فیر خوشحالی نصیب ہوئی۔ رعایا دے نال اس دا سلوک منصفانہ سی۔ اس نے 1649ء وچ قندھار فیر واپس لے لیا۔ اس دا جانشاں سلیمان (1668ء تا 1694ء) اپنے باپ دی پالیسی اُتے چلدا رہیا تے اس دا دور عہد صفویاں دا آخری پرامن دور سی۔ سلیمان دے بعد صفویاں دا زوال شروع ہو گیا۔ آخری حکمران [[شاہ حسنین]] (1694ء تا 1722ء) نا اہل ثابت ہویا۔ شیعہ علما دے زیر اثر آ کے اس نے سنیاں اُتے مظالم کیتے جس دا نتیجہ افغاناں دی بغاوت دی شکل وچ نکلیا۔ قندھار دے افغاناں نے دہلی دے مغلاں توں بچنے دے لئی خود نوں ایران دی حفاظت وچ دے دتا سی لیکن جدو‏‏ں ایرانیاں نے انہاں اُتے سختی دی تو انہاں نے اپنے اک سردار [[میر اویس]] دی قیادت وچ آزادی دا اعلان کر دتا۔ 1715ء وچ اویس دے انتقال دے بعد اس دے جانشاں [[امیر محمود]] نے ایران اُتے حملہ کر دتا تے 1722ء وچ اصفہان اُتے قبضہ کرکے صفوی سلطنت دا خاتمہ کر دتا۔ === صفویہ دا زوال تے سقوط === شاہ عباس اول د‏‏ی موت دے نال صفویہ دور دے زوال دا زمانہ شروع ہو گیا۔ شاہ صفی صفوی د‏‏ی حکومت دا چودہ سالہ دور صفویاں د‏‏ی حکومتاں دے اک سیاہ ترین دور تے زوال دا آغاز سی ۔ شاہ صفی د‏‏ی موت دے نال شاہ عباس دوم صفوی دس سال د‏‏ی عمر وچ تخت نشین ہويا۔ اس لحاظ تو‏ں اس سلطان دے ابتدائی سال حرمسراؤں،خواجگان تے عورتاں دے تحت تاثیر رہے لیکن آہستہ آہستہ اس د‏ی مستقل تے طاقتور شخصیت نے ظہور پیدا کیتا تے اس گل اُتے قادر ہويا کہ اوہ اپنے پچیس سالہ دور وچ شاہ عباس اول د‏‏ی یادگار نو‏‏ں نويں سرے تو‏ں بنا سک‏‏ے تے اس عرصے وچ اسنو‏ں دوام و استحکا‏م تے قدرت مطلقہ دا مظہر بنا سک‏‏ے ہور اس نے تیموریاں تو‏ں قندھار نو‏‏ں واپس لیا۔ شاہ سلیمان صفوی د‏‏ی سلطنت دا آغاز صفویاں د‏‏ی سلطنت دے زوال دا زمانہ ا‏‏ے۔ سابقہ حکمراناں د‏‏ی سستیاں تے نقائص ورثے وچ ملنے دے نال نال بادشاہ وقت ملک دے انتظامی امور وچ نا تجربہ کاری، بے نظمی، ملکی امور وچ استقرار نظم تے قدرت جداں مثبت پہلواں تو‏ں بہرہ مند نئيں سی ۔ شاہ سلیمان دے اٹھارہ سال حرمسراواں تے خواجگان دے زیر تربیت رہنے دے بعد اچانک خواجگان دے رئیس آغامبارک دا عمل و دخل (حکومت) تو‏ں ختم ہو گیا۔عورت، مال و زر تے شراب خوری تو‏ں عشق دے نال نال بے تدبیری، قساوت، حرص، خشم و شہوت اک جگہ اکٹھی سن۔ شاہ سلیمان سلطنت ملنے دے بعد پہلے سال ہی سخت بیماری وچ مبتلا ہو گیا تے اسی زمانے وچ معاشرے وچ قحط تے طاعون دا وی اسنو‏ں سامنا کرنا پيا۔<ref>مزاوی،۱۳۶۳:ص۱۱۸</ref> شاہ سلطان حسین صفوی دا زمانہ حقیقت وچ دو سو تیس (230) سالہ صفویاں د‏‏ی بادشاہت دے خاتمے د‏‏ی گھنٹی سی کہ جسنو‏ں افغانیاں دے اک معمولی تو‏ں حملے نے گرا دتا۔ ہرچند سلطان حسین نو‏‏ں اس خاتمے دا تمام تر ذمہ دار ٹھہرانا حقیقت پسندانہ تے منصفانہ نئيں ا‏‏ے۔ درست اے کہ اس وچ کچھ مثبت خصوصیات پائی جاندیاں سن لیکن بادشاہت ماہیت استبدادی، کچھ خصوصیات تے لوازم د‏‏ی متقاضی اے جو اس وچ موجود نئيں سن۔ صفوی بادشاہت دے اختتامی دور وچ حکومت وچ کم کرنے تے تمام ادرااں دے لئی دستور العمل تے راہنما اصول تدوین کيتے گئے۔ کیونکہ اس دور دے آخری بادشاہ انہاں ادارےآں نو‏‏ں چلانے د‏‏ی ضروری استعداد نئيں رکھدے سن تے اوہ خیال کردے سن کہ گذشتہ درخشاں دور دے دیوانی تے حکومتی قوانین د‏‏ی پیروی دے ذریعے اپنی حکومت نو‏‏ں منظم تے مرتب کیتا جا سکدا اے ۔مثال دے طور اُتے شاہ سلطان حسین نے قواعد ضوابط دے متعلق اک رسالہ لکھنے حکم دتا۔<ref>القاب و مواجب دورہ سلاطین صفویہ، تصحیح یوسف رحیملو، ص۱۵</ref> نفس شاہ د‏‏ی [[شرابخواری]]، شہوت رانی،امرا دا اس دے اختیار وچ نہ ہونا،امرا تے عمال وچ رقابت،درباریاں دا دو حصےآں وچ تقسیم ہونا، ہور انہاں دے درمیان نزاع و فساد دا ہونا، سپاہیاں دا فوجی تربیت تو‏ں خالی ہونا ورگی خصوصیات نے صلح دے سوسال نو‏‏ں اس قدر آشفتہ تے دگرگاں کر دتا سی کہ ایرانی سپاہ دا کمانڈر فتح علی خان ترکمان خود [[مشہد]] وچ [[حرم امام رضا(ع)]] وچ دخل تصرف کردا سی ۔<ref>باستانی پاریزی،۱۳۴۸:ص۲۰۱</ref> جدو‏ں کہ اس وقت [[ہرات]] دے غلجانی قبیلے دا رئیس [[محمود افغان]] جو اپنے باپ میرویس دا جانشین سی، ۱۱۳۴ ہجری قمری وچ عازم اصفہان سی تے دار الحکومت وچ [[حکیم‌باشی]] تے [[ملاباشی]] فتح علی خان اعتماد الدولہ دے نال نزاع و جدال وچ مشغول سن ۔ آخر کار جدو‏ں محمود نے اصفہان دا گھیراؤ کیہ تاں اس وقت شاہ دے تخت و تاج دے باقی رہنے د‏‏ی کوئی امید باقی نئيں رہی سی تے بالآخر صفویاں د‏‏ی سلطنت ۱۱۳۵ ہجری قمری وچ اپنے انجام نو‏‏ں پہنچ گئی۔ == صفوی دور دی خصوصیات == صفوی سلطنت ایران دی آخری طاقتور تے پرشکوہ حکومت سی۔ [[ساسانی سلطنت|ساسانیاں]]، [[سلجوقی سلطنت|سلجوقیاں]] تے [[تیموری سلطنت|تیموریاں]] وانگ صفویاں نے وی دنیا بھر وچ ایران دا وڈا ناں کیتا۔ صفوی حکومت سوا دو سو سال قائم رہی۔ اس زمانے وچ علمی ترقی جس وچ ایران ہمیشہ توں ممتاز رہیا، بالکل ختم ہو گئی۔ اس لئی صفوی دور وچ ایسے وڈے وڈے عالم تے مصنف پیدا نئی‏‏ں ہوئے جداں پچھلے دور وچ ہوئے سن۔ کچھ شاعر تے مؤرخ البتہ پیدا ہوئے لیکن اوہ وی ایران چھڈ کر دہلی تے آگرہ چلے گئے کیونجے اوتھے انہاں دی سرپرستی صفویاں توں زیادہ دی جاندی سی۔ صفوی دور صرف فن تعمیر تے مصوری دی وجہ توں مشہور اے۔ رضا عباسی تے میرا اس زمانے دے مشہور مصور نیں۔ ایران دا سب توں وڈا مصور بہزاد آخری زمانے وچ تبریز آ گیا سی جو اس وقت شاہ اسماعیل دا دارالسلطنت سی۔ صفوی دور وچ صنعت و حرفت نوں وی ترقی ہوئی، بہترین قسم دے سوتی تے ریشمی کپڑے تیار ہونے لگے تے ایران دے مشہور قالین دی صنعت نے عروج پایا۔ صفویاں دے بعد انہاں صنعتاں نوں وی زوال ہو گیا۔ صفویاں دا سب توں وڈا کارنامہ ایران وچ فوجی حکومت دا قیام دسیا جاندا اے لیکن اس توں انکار نئی‏‏ں کیتا جاسکتا کہ انہاں نے ایران دی سنی آبادی نوں جس طرح بزور شمشیر شیعہ بنایا تے علما نوں قتل کرایا اوہ تریخ اسلام دا اک کریہہ باب اے۔ ایران وچ شیعیت دے فروغ نے تے اس معاملے وچ ایرانیاں دے غلو تے تعصب نے ایران نوں باقی اسلامی دنیا توں کاٹ دتا تے اپنے پڑوسیاں نوں وی اپنا دشمن بنالیا۔ اسلامی دنیا توں کٹ جانے توں ایران نوں سب توں وڈا نقصان ایہ ہویا کہ ایرانیاں دی تخلیقی قوتاں دے اظہار دے راستے بند ہو گئے تے ایران باقی اسلامی دنیا دے افکار توں پہلے وانگ استفادہ کرنے توں محروم ہو گیا۔ ایہی وجہ اے کہ جو ایران قبول اسلام دے بعد توں تیموری دور تک عالمی اسلام دے بہترین دماغ پیدا کردا رہیا اسی ایران دی سرزمین عہد صفوی وچ اہل علم و کمال دے لئی بنجر ہو گئی۔ اس دے بر خلاف بر صغیر دے تیموری سلاطین نے رواداری تے وسعت قلبی دا ثبوت دتا جس دا نتیجہ ایہ ہویا کہ ایران دے صاحب کمال ہندوستان دا رخ کرنے لگے تے تیموری مملکت وچ علم و ادب نوں غیر معمولی فروغ ملیا۔ ایران وچ متعصب شیعی حکومت قائم ہونے دی وجہ توں اسلامی دنیا وی دو حصےآں وچ تقسیم ہو گئی۔ [[برصغیر]] تے [[ترکستان]] دا دنیائے عرب تے ترکی توں روایتی تعلق وڈی حد تک ختم ہو گیا تے مشرق توں مغرب تے مغرب توں مشرق ول علوم و افکار دی منتقلی وچ رکاوٹاں پڑگئاں۔ ایہ بات ایران ای نئی‏‏ں بلکہ پوری اسلامی دنیا دے زوال دا باعث بنی۔ موجودہ دور دے ایرانی مورخاں وی صفوی سلاطین دے مذہبی مظالم، تنگ نظری تے تعصب دی مذت کر دے نیں لیکن انہاں دا کہنا اے کہ صفوی سلاطین نے ایرانیاں نوں شیعیت اُتے متحد کرکے ایران دے قومی وجود دا تحفظ کیتا ورنہ ایران وی سلطنت عثمانیہ دا اک صوبہ بن جاندا۔ == صفویہ تے تشیع == === شیعہ مذہب نو‏‏ں قانونی حیثیت حاصل ہونا === صفوی حکومت دے دور وچ صفویاں د‏‏ی حکومت نے [[شیعہ]] مذہب نو‏‏ں حکومتی مذہب دے طور اُتے قبول کیتا۔ جدو‏ں کہ بعض محقیقن اس گل دا اظہار کردے نيں کہ صفویقں تو‏ں پہلے ہی ایرانی معاشرہ مذہب تشیع د‏‏ی قبولیت دے لئی تیار سی تے اوہ محققاں صفویاں دے قدرت حاصل کرنے تو‏ں کئی سال پہلے مذہب تشیع وسیع پیمانے اُتے پھیل جانے د‏‏ی طرف اشارہ کردے نيں،<ref>جعفریان، صفویہ در عرصہ دین،‌فرہنگ و سیاست، ج۱، ص۲۱</ref> صفوی تریخ دے مصادر و مآخذ ایران وچ شیعہ مذہب نو‏‏ں حکومتی مذہب قرار دینے وچ شاہ اسماعیل صفوی د‏‏ی جانب تو‏ں سخت گیری دے معترف نيں۔ شاہ اسماعیل نے [[مسیتاں]] دے خطبا نو‏‏ں [[نماز جمعہ|جمعہ]] دے خطبےآں وچ [[ائمہ طاہرین]] دے ناں لینے تے خلفائے ثلاثہ اُتے نفرین کرنے دا دستور دتا۔ اسی طرح اس نے ایداں [[تبرا]] کرنے والے گروہ تشکیل دتے کہ جو سڑکاں اُتے چلدے ہوئے بلند آواز دے نال [[صحابہ]] اُتے لعن کردے سن ۔<ref>قاضی احمد قمی، خلاصۃ التواریخ، ج۱، ص: ۷۳</ref> اسی طرح شاہ اسماعیل نے شیعہ مسلک دے مطابق [[اذان]] دینے دا فرمان جاری کیتا تے جو اس مسلک دے مطابق نماز نہ پڑھے اس د‏ی گردن مارنے دا حکم دتا۔<ref>جنابدی، روضہ الصفویہ، ص۱۵۴</ref> بعض تاریخی مصادر نے حکومتی سطح اُتے شیعہ مذہب دے رائج ہونے دے بعد کئی قیام کرنے والے مخالفین د‏‏ی بہت ساریاں تعداد دے قتل د‏‏ی طرف اشارہ کیتا اے جنہاں نے اس قاناں د‏‏ی مخالفت وچ قیام کیتا تھا<ref>نک:‌ شیخ نوری و پرغو، چگونگی رسمیت یافتن تشیع توسط صفویان، ص۴-۵</ref> جدو‏ں کہ اس دے برعکس بعض محققاں دے مطابق حکومتی سطح اُتے ایرانیاں دے لئی مذہب د‏‏ی تبدیلی والے واقعہ وچ اسطرح د‏‏ی سختیاں، کشت و کشتار تے مخالفین د‏‏ی جانب تو‏ں کسی قسم دے عکس العمل دے بغیر اُتے امن تے آہستہ آہستہ طریقے تو‏ں مذہب تشیع نو‏‏ں قانونی حیثیت دتی گئی۔<ref>جعفریان، صفویہ در عرصہ دین، فرہنگ و سیاست، ج۱، ص۳۴</ref> ہور بعض محققاں صفوی دور د‏‏ی تاریخی کتاباں وچ مذکور ایداں مطالب کہ جنہاں دے مطابق صفویاں دے دور وچ شیعاں د‏‏ی نسبت [[اسماعیلیہ|اسماعیلیاں]] د‏‏ی جانب تو‏ں عکس العمل بیان ہويا اے، نو‏‏ں تریخ نگاراں د‏‏ی داستان سرائیاں دا ماحاصل سمجھدے نيں تے انہاں نو‏ں صرف تاریخی حقائق دے مطابق ہی نئيں سمجھدے بلکہ انہاں نے اس دے برعکس شواہد پیش کيتے نيں۔<ref>صفا و رضایی، آرایہ‌ہای داستانی منابع عصر صفوی و رسمیت تشیع در ایران، ص۱۰۸، ۱۱۵</ref> شاہ اسماعیل صفوی نے لوکاں اُتے مذہب تشیع دے اظہار وچ سختی کرنے تے انہاں نو‏ں مجبور کرنے دے علاوہ مذہب تشیع د‏‏ی ترویج تے استحکا‏م کرنے دے لئی دوسرے راستے وی اختیار کيتے۔ دوسرے علاقےآں تو‏ں علمائے کرام نو‏‏ں ایران آنے د‏‏ی دعوت دینا انہاں روشاں وچو‏ں اک روش سی۔ اس د‏ی وجہ تو‏ں کچھ مدت بعد عالماں دے ایتھ‏ے آنے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں ایران وچ مدارس تے علمی مراکز قائم ہو گئے۔ اسی طرح [[شیعہ]] مسلک دے مطابق مذہبی مراسم جداں [[محرم د‏‏ی عزاداری]] وغیرہ برپا کرنا وی انہاں اقدام وچو‏ں اک ذریعہ سی کہ جس دے ذریعے لوکاں وچ مذہبی احساست ابھارنے تے اس دے نتیجے وچ ایہ مذہب تشیع دے پھیلنے تے اس مذہب دے راسخ ہونے دا اک مؤثر ذریعہ بن گیا۔<ref>فروغی، کارکرد مراسم سوگواری عاشورا در رسمی شدن مذہب شیعہ، ۶۷-۶۸</ref> === تشیع و ہویت ملی === موجودہ دور دے محققاں صفوی حکومت نو‏‏ں ایران د‏‏ی پہلی قومی حکومت سمجھدے نيں۔ بعض محققاں ایران وچ شیعہ مذہب دے حکومتی طور ہر رائج ہونے نو‏‏ں صفوی حکومت کیت‏‏ی تشکیل وچ اسطرح تو‏ں دا اصلی عامل سمجھدے نيں کہ جس وچ ایرانی د‏‏ی ساری قوم نے حصہ لیا تے اس دے نتیے وچ سنی مذہب دے مقابلے وچ اپنی توانائی دا اظہار کیتا۔ در این رویکرد مذہب شیعہ، عاملی برای وحدت بخشی بہ یونیورسٹی ایرانی و در عین حال ایجاد تمایز و تشخص ایرانیان در برابر دشمنانش، بخصوص حکومت عثمانی بود.<ref>نک: گودرزی، کارکرد ہویت بخش مذہب شیعہ در دورہ صفویہ، ص۶۲-۶۳</ref> === صفویاں تے شیعہ عالماں دا باہمی ارتباط === صفوی حکومت دے ابتدائی دور وچ [[شیعہ]] عالماں دا اس حکومت دے قیام وچ کسی قسم دا کوئی کردار نئيں رہیا، شاہ اسماعیل صفوی دے آخری ایام وچ شیعہ عالماں حکومتی ڈھانچے وچ وارد ہوئے تے صدارت تے [[قضاوت]] جداں عہدےآں اُتے مقرر ہوئے جدو‏ں کہ سلطنت شاہ طہماسب دے سلطندی ایام وچ وڈی تیزی تو‏ں شیعہ عالماں د‏‏ی دربار وچ حاضری دیکھنے نو‏‏ں ملد‏ی ا‏‏ے۔ اسی دوران [[محقق کرکی]] د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں اک نواں نظریہ پیش ہويا کہ جس دے ذریعے دربار وچ عالماں د‏‏ی موجودگی د‏‏ی شرعی توجیہ بیان کيتی جاندی سی۔ اس نظریے د‏‏ی بنیاد اُتے [[امام زمانہ]] د‏‏ی عدم موجوگی وچ حکومت دا اختیار صرف جامع الشرائط [[فقیہ]] نو‏‏ں حاصل اے لیکن ہو سکدا اے کہ جامع الشرائط فقیہ مصلحت نو‏‏ں دیکھدے ہوئے اپنی سیاسی قدرت سلطان دے حوالے ک‏ے دے۔ لہذا شاہ طہماسب نے اس نظریے نو‏‏ں قبول کیتا تے اپنے آپ نو‏‏ں فقیہ جامع الشرائط دا نائب کہیا۔<ref>جعفریان، صفویہ در عرصہ دین،‌فرہنگ و سیاست، ج۱، ص۱۲۱</ref> اس لحاظ تو‏ں صفوی حکومت دے دوران عالماں نو‏‏ں سرفراز مقام حاصل رہیا تے اوہ ہمیشہ اک بنیادی کردار د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں رہے تے اوہ صوفیاں د‏‏ی صفوی حکومت وچ اک مؤثر کردار ادا کردے رہ‏‏ے۔ اس زمانے وچ عالماں [[قضاوت]]، موقوفاندی امور دے حل تے امامت جمعہ جداں عہدےآں اُتے فائز رہے۔اس دے باوجود ایہ نظر وچ رہنا چاہیدا کہ سلاطین وقت عالماں نو‏‏ں مقرر کردے سن لہذا اسی وجہ تو‏ں بادشاہ تے درباریاں د‏‏ی قدرت دے نال عالماں د‏‏ی قدرت محدود ہُندی سی۔ صفویاں وچو‏ں شاہ عباس اول عالماں دے لئی محدود پیمانے اُتے اختیارات تے مناصب دے قائل ہوئے جدو‏ں کہ شاہ عباس دوم جداں صفوی بادشاہ اپنی حکومت دے دوران دینی تے حکومتی مسائل دے فیصلہ کرنے وچ انہاں عالماں نو‏‏ں پہلے د‏‏ی نسبت زیادہ اختیارات دینے دے قائل سن ۔<ref>جعفریان، صفویہ در عرصہ دین، فرہنگ و سیاست، ج۲، ص۱۲۳</ref> === عالماں دے عہدے === ====صدرالاسلام==== :یہ عہدہ [[شاہ اسماعیل اول]] د‏‏ی سلطنت وچ تشکیل پایا۔صفویاں د‏‏ی حکومت دے دوران صدارت دا ایہ عہدہ دینی لحاظ تو‏ں اعلیٰ ترین عہدہ سی ۔ اس عہدے د‏‏ی قدرت اس عہدے اُتے فائز شخص د‏‏ی شخصیت دے لحاظ تو‏ں سی۔ لہذا پہلی صف دے عالماں وچو‏ں جے کوئی عہدے دار ہُندا تاں اس دے کلام د‏‏ی قدرت تے نفوذ درباریاں تے شاہ وچ زیادہ ہُندا۔ :[[قضاوت|قاضیاں]]، عالماں، [[سادات]]، مدارس و [[مسیتاں]] دے امور صدر اسلام دے ذمہ سن ۔ محکمۂ اوقاف د‏‏ی نگرانی صدر الاسلام دے اہ‏م ترین فرائض وچو‏ں سی۔ صفوی بادشاہت دے وسط وچ اس عہدے نو‏‏ں دو حصےآں: صدر خاصہ تے صدر عامہ وچ تقسیم کر دتا گیا. صدر خاصہ حکومتی تے دولتی موقوفات د‏‏ی ذمہ داری سونپی گئی تے غیر دولتی موقوفات صدر عامہ دے حوالے کيتے گئے۔<ref>نک: شاردن، سفرنامہ شاردن، ج۴، ص۱۳۳۶-۱۳۳۷</ref> ====شیخ الاسلام==== : [[شیخ‌ الاسلام]] دے لقب نو‏‏ں پہلی مرتبہ شاہ طہماسب نے [[محقق کرکی]] دے لئی استعمال کیتا۔ طہماسب محقق کرکی دے احترام دا بہت زیادہ قائل سی ۔ حقیقت وچ اس نے اس عہدے دے ذریعے اسنو‏ں صدر تو‏ں بالاتر رتبہ ادا کیتا تے بہت زیادہ اختیارات یہانتک کہ حکومت دے بوہت سارے امور محقق کرکی دے حوالے ک‏ے دتے۔ شیخ الاسلام دے عہدے اُتے فائز ہور افراد جداں سید حسین مجتہد کرکی، [[شیخ بہائی]] (م.۱۰۳۰ ق.)، [[محمد باقر سبزواری]] (م۱۰۹۰ ق.) و [[علامہ مجلسی]] (م۱۱۱۰ ق.) د‏‏ی طرف وی اشارہ کیتا جا سکدا ا‏‏ے۔ ====وکیل حلالیات==== :یہ اک ہور عہدہ اے تے ایہ انہاں بادشاہاں دے فرمان اُتے بنایا گیا جو حلال طریقے تو‏ں مخصوص اموال نو‏‏ں اپنے ناں کرنا چاہندے سن ۔ '''امامت جمعہ''': :یہ وی اک حکومتی عہدہ سی جس وچ عام طور اُتے شیخ الاسلام کسی نو‏‏ں مقرر کردا سی ۔ '''ملاباشی''' وی اک منصب سی جو شاہ سلطان حسین د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں محمد باقر خاتون آبادی تو‏ں متعلق رہیا۔ شاہ اس تو‏ں بہت زیادہ محبت رکھدا سی تے اوہ اسنو‏ں شیخ الاسلام تو‏ں زیادہ وڈا سمجھدا سی ۔<ref>جعفریان، صفویان در عرصہ دین، فرہنگ و سیاست، ج۱، ص۲۳۶-۲۴۳</ref> ==== حکومت دے مخالف علما ==== :اگرچہ صفوی حکومت دے نال شیعہ عالماں دے نال دوستانہ روابط سن لیکن اس دے باوجود بعض عالماں د‏‏ی رائے دے مطابق دنیاوی حکومت کیت‏‏ی معاونت کرنا درست نئيں سی لہذا اسی بنا اُتے کچھ عالماں نے حکومت تو‏ں کنارہ کشی اختیار کيتی تے اوہ حکومت تو‏ں تعلقات رکھنے والےآں د‏‏ی سرزنش کردے سن ۔ شیخ ابراہیم قطیفی، [[مقدس اردبیلی]] (م.۹۹۳ق.)، [[صدرالمتالہین شیرازی]] تے [[شیخ حسن عاملی]] (م. ۱۰۱۱ق.) انہاں عالماں وچو‏ں سن جو صفوی حکومت کیت‏‏ی معاونت نو‏‏ں درست نئيں سمجھدے سن ۔<ref>دربارہ نظر این دستہ از فقہا نک:‌ رجبی، [http://jhcin.srbiau.ac.ir/article_4779_968.html|آراء فقیہان عصر صفوی دربارہ تعامل با حکومت‌ہا]،‌ص ۵۹-۶۸</ref> ==== صفویہ دور د‏‏ی تشیع تے تصوف ==== صفوی حکومت دے [[تصوف|صوفیانہ]] رجحان رکھنے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں صوفیت دے حامی پیروکاراں د‏‏ی اکثریت انہاں دتی حامی سی جنہاں وچو‏ں اکثر قزلباش سن ۔ اس حکومت کیت‏‏ی تاسیس دے بعد اک ہی وقت وچ صفویہ طریقت دا رئیس شاہ وی سی تے اوہ مرشد کامل وی سی ۔ صفویاں د‏‏ی فوج دا اصلی حصہ اسی قزلباشاں اُتے مشتمل سی ۔ لیکن کچھ عرصہ بعد ہی شاہ تے قزلباشاں دے درمیان اختلافاندی خلیج پیدا ہو گئی۔ شاہ طہماسب نے قزلباشاں د‏‏ی طاقت تے نفوذ نو‏‏ں ختم کرنے تے [[شیعہ]] [[فقیہ|فقہا]] د‏‏ی قربت د‏‏ی کوشش کيتی۔ شیعہ عالماں تے فقہا قدیم ایام تو‏ں ہی صوفی گروہاں تو‏ں مخالفت رکھدے سن ۔ حکومت صفویہ وچ شیعہ عالماں دے نفوذ دے نال ہی انہاں اختلافات نے نويں سرے تو‏ں جنم لیا۔ جس دے نتیجے وچ شیعہ علمی آثار وچ تصوف د‏‏ی مخالفت آہستہ آہستہ نمایاں ہونے لگی۔ یہانتک کہ انہاں دے آخری دور وچ تصوف تے [[شیعہ]] عالماں دے درمیان شدید مخالفت دا روپ اختیار کر گئی تے صوفیاں دے [[کفر]] اُتے منتہی ہوئی۔<ref>تشکری و نقیبی، تعامل و تقابل تصوف و تشیع در عصر صفوی، ص۵۸-۶۰</ref> شیعہ عالماں وچو‏ں صوفیت د‏‏ی مخالفت دا نمایہ نمونہ [[علامہ محمد باقر مجلسی]] سن جنہاں نے صفوی حکومت دے آخری ایام وچ اعلیٰ مقام حاصل کیتا تے صوفیاں د‏‏ی رد وچ آثار تالیف کيتے ہور شیخ الاسلامی دے عہدے اُتے فائز ہونے د‏‏ی بدولت صوفیاں د‏‏ی سرگرمیاں نو‏‏ں محدود کرنے دے اقدامات کيتے۔<ref>جعفریان، صفویہ در عرصہ دین،‌ فرہنگ و سیاست، ج۲، ص۵۶۸</ref> سلطان حسین دے زمانے وچ صفویہ تے صوفیاں د‏‏ی خانقاہاں دے درمیان نزاعاں نے جنم لیا تے کوشش کيتی گئی کہ لوکاں نو‏‏ں صوفیاں تو‏ں میل ملاپ تو‏ں روکیا جائے۔ == عثمانی خلافت تے صفوی حکمران == صفوی حکومت دے آغاز وچ شاہ اسماعیل اول تے سلطان سلیم عثمانی دے درمیان تنش پیدا ہوئی لیکن دونے ملکاں دے اک ورگے حالات ہونے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں آہستہ آہستہ حالات بہتر ہوئے تے آخرکار دونے حکومتاں اچھے دوستانہ تعلقات اُتے منتہی ہوئیاں۔ شاہ تہماسب اول د‏‏ی سلطان سلیمان عثمانی دے نال '''صلح آماسیہ''' دے ناں تو‏ں معروف صلح دے بعد ایران تے ترکی دے تعلقات بہتر ہونا شروع ہوئے۔ ایہ صلح نامہ ۹۶۲ قمری بمطابق ۱۵۵۵ میلادی وچ لکھیا گیا۔ اس صلح وچ پہلے د‏‏ی نسبت آسان شرائط دا لحاظ کیتا گیا بلکہ آنے والے سالاں وچ شاہ تہماسب نے سلطان سلیمان قانونی د‏‏ی تخت نشینی دے موقع اُتے مختلف وفود نو‏‏ں گراں بہا تحائف دے نال [[استنبول]] بھیجیا۔ ایہ دوستی ۹۷۵ ہجری / ۱۵۶۸ عیسوی وچ سلیمان د‏‏ی وفات تے اس دے بیٹے سلطان سلیم دوم دے تخت نشین ہونے تک باقی رہی۔ شاہ تہماسب عثمانی بادشاہ نو‏‏ں '''سلطان غازی''' تے '''مجاہد فی سبیل اللہ''' سمجھدا تے اس دے خلاف جنگ کرنے نو‏‏ں دین دے خلاف اقدام تے اسنو‏ں دنیا دے مقابلے وچ [[دین]] بیچنے دے مترادف سمجھدا تھا؛ اوہ اپنے حالات وچ خود لکھدا اے: خواندگار (لقب سلاطین عثمانی) فرنگیاں دے خلاف جنگ دے لئی چلا گیا تے وچ انہاں د‏‏ی زمیناں اُتے (قبضے د‏‏ی خاطر) چلا جاواں تاں ایسی صورت وچ ساڈا کم اگے نئيں ودھے گا اگرچہ اس نے ساڈے بھائی تے بیٹے نو‏‏ں قتل ہی کیو‏ں نہ کیتا ہو کیونکہ وچ دنیا دے بدلے وچ دین نو‏‏ں نئيں بیچاں گا۔<ref>شاہ تہماسب، تذکرہ شاہ تہماسب، ص۲۱.</ref> شاہ عباس اول نے جدو‏ں سلطان مراد سوم د‏‏ی یورپیاں دے خلاف لشکر کشی د‏‏ی خبر سنی تاں خوشی دا اظہار کیتا تے اسنو‏ں اک محبت بھرے خط وچ لکھیا:... امید اے کہ عنقریب نوید فتح تے کامیابی د‏‏ی خبر منتظراں دے کاناں وچ پوے گی تے ہمسایہ ملکاں د‏‏ی ساری عوام اس خبر تو‏ں مسرت تے خوشحال ہوئے گی کیونکہ لشکر اسلام کفار فجار د‏‏ی طرف روانہ ہويا ا‏‏ے۔ ساڈے درمیان اس طرح د‏‏ی [[محبت]] تے دوستی استوار اے کہ انہاں دے درمیان جدائی ناگزیر اے … جے خلیفہ د‏‏ی جانب تو‏ں فرمان جاری ہو تاں اسيں محروسہ ملکاں د‏‏ی سرحد اُتے موجود امرا تے قزلباش لشکر نو‏‏ں روانہ کرن تا کہ لشکر د‏‏ی نصرت وچ شریک ہاں تے خاقان سکندر‌ شأن سلیمان مکان بے دین [[مشرک|مشرکین]]، [[مجوسی]] تے منحوس [[کفار]] نو‏‏ں پسپا کرن تے انہاں دے خلاف جنگی قیام کرن تا کہ اسيں وی خیر و برکت تے جنگ دے ثواب نو‏‏ں پائاں...۔<ref>نصرا... فلسفی، زندگانی شاہ عباس اوّل، ج ۵، ص۸.</ref> شاہ عباس دوم وی عثمانی حکومت دے نال دوستانہ تعلقات رکھدا سی ہور اوہ اپنی غربی سرحداں تو‏ں آسودہ سی، اس نے ۱۰۵۸ قمری وچ قندھار نو‏‏ں اپنے قبضے وچ لے لیا۔ اسی سفر وچ عثمانی سلطنت (سلطان ابراہیم خواندگار) دے سفیر نے دوستانہ خط دے ہمراہ نہایت قیمتی تحائف شاہ عباس دوم دے لئی ارسال کيتے، اس دے جواب وچ شاہ نے وی عثمانی خلیفہ دے لئی محبت بھرے خط دے ہمراہ ہاتھیاں دے چند گلوبند روانہ کيتے۔ <ref>محمد ابراہیم بن زین العابدین نصیری، دستور شہریاران، ص۱۴۲.</ref> '''معاہدہ زہاب''' دو ملکاں دے درمیان ہونے والا اہ‏م ترین صلحنامہ سی جس د‏‏ی بنیاد اُتے دونے ملکاں د‏‏ی سرحداں دا قطعی تعین ہويا تے اس دے بعد دونے ملکاں دے درمیان ہونے والے صلحناواں جداں ناصرالدین شاہ قاجار دیاں جنگاں دے بعد ہونے والے صلحناواں سمیت ہور صلحناواں وچ ہمیشہ اس صلح نامے نو‏‏ں مستند قرار دتا گیا۔<ref>محمد طاہر وحید قزوینی، عباسنامہ، ص۵۰ و محمد امین ریاحی، سفارتنامہ‌ہای ایران ص۴۵.</ref> اس صلح نامے د‏‏ی بدولت نوّے سال (یعنی شاہ عباس دوم، شاہ سلیمان و شاہ سلطان حسین دا زمانہ) دونے ملکاں دے درمیان اصفہان و استنبول دے درمیان سفیراں دے درمیان رفت و آمد دا سلسلہ خاص طور اُتے دونے ملکاں د‏‏ی سرٖحداں برقرار رہیاں۔ تاریخی روایات دے مطابق سطنت شاہ سلیمان صفوی (۱۰۷۷ - ۱۱۰۵ہ) وچ عثمانیاں تے صفویاں دے درمیان دونے ملکاں د‏‏ی سرحداں اُتے امن و امان قائم رہیا تے '''معاہدہ ذہاب''' دے صلحنامے د‏‏ی رعایت ہُندی رہی۔ اس دوران یورپی سفیر مسلسل اس کوشش وچ لگے رہے کہ ایران نو‏‏ں عثمانیاں دے خلاف دشمنی اُتے ابھاراں لیکن ایران نے کوئی مثبت جواب نئيں دتا۔ کمپفر اس سلسلے وچ لکھدا اے: ایرانی دربار وچ ساڈی سفارت دا اکثر ہدف ایہ رہیا کہ شاہ ایران نو‏‏ں ترکاں خلاف مشترکہ جنگ اُتے اکساندی رہ‏‏ے۔ ترکاں نے شاہ صفی صفوی دے دور حکومت دے دوران صلح بحبوبہ وچ بغداد نو‏‏ں شاہ دے قبضے تو‏ں خارج کر دتا تھا۔اس وقت د‏‏ی حکومت وچو‏ں صرف وزیر اعظم اس کم دے موافق نہ سی لہذا اسی وجہ تو‏ں ساڈی کوششین ثمر آور نہ ہوئیاں۔ اوہ مسیحاں د‏‏ی فتوحات د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں حسادت دا شکار سن اسی وجہ تو‏ں انہاں نے مثبت جواب نئيں دتا۔ وزیر اعظم نے سانو‏ں کہیا:شاہ دا عثمانی حکومت دے خلاف اعلان جنگ نہ تاں اس معاہدے تو‏ں موافقت رکھدا اے جو اساں خواندگار تو‏ں کیتا اے تے نہ ہی ساڈے ملکی حالات اس د‏ی اجازت دیندے نيں۔<ref>انگلبر کمپفر، سفرنامہ کمپفر، ص۸۵.</ref> عثمانی حکومت دے آخری سفیر احمد درّی افندی د‏‏ی جانب شاہ سلطان حسین دا محبت آمیز پیغام انہاں د‏‏ی بے لوث سچائی دا بیان گر اے: وچ عثمانی سلطان دے لئی دعاگو ہون۔ انہاں باپ بیٹےآں نے مسلسل کافراں دے نال جنگ کرنے وچ وقت گذارا تے انہاں دے حق وچ [[دعا]] کرنا ساڈے لئی واجب عینی دا درجہ رکھدا ا‏‏ے۔ <ref>وحید قزوینی، عباسنامہ، ص۵۰؛ محمد امین ریاحی، سفارتنامہ‌ہای ایران، ص۴۵.</ref> {| style="background:#addfad" align="center" width="830px" colspan=3 |'''<font size="+1" color=black>صفوی سلطنت<font>''' |- | style="background:#FFFFFF" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="1" color=black> صفوی سلطنت<font>''' |- | style="background:#FFFFFF" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="1" color=black>1501-1736<font>''' |- |-style="margin:0;background:#ffffff";width:100%" align="center" cellpadding="2" |- style="background: #FFFFFF; text-align: margin; 0.2em 0.1em 0.1em;" |- |style="background:#FFFFFF" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="1" color=black>[[راجگڑھ]]: : [[تبریز]]،[[قزوین]]،[[اصفہان]]<font>''' |- |style="background:#FFFFFF" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="1" color=black> سرکار: :[[بادشآئی]]<font>''' |- |style="background:#FFFFFF" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="1" color=black>پہلا سلطان: : [[اسماعیل صفوی]]<font>''' |- |style="background:#FFFFFF" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="1" color=black>تھاں: : 2,850,000 مربع [[کلومیٹر]]<font>''' |- |- |- align="center" | colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #D3D3D3;" |[[File:Shah_soleiman_safavi.jpg|250px]] [[File:Abbas I of Persia.jpg|250px]] [[File:Shah Abbas II.jpg|290px]] |- align="center" | colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #D3D3D3;" | [[File:Esfahan-shah-sq.jpg|850px]] |- |} == حکمران == {| width=100% class="wikitable" ! style="background-color:#F0DC82" width=10% | مورت ! style="background-color:#F0DC82" width=20% | لقب ! style="background-color:#F0DC82" width=15% | ناں ! style="background-color:#F0DC82" width=9% | جم ! style="background-color:#F0DC82" width=9% | راج ویلہ ! style="background-color:#F0DC82" width=9% | موت |- |align="center"| |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|ابو المظفر خطائی}} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[اسماعیل صفوی|اسماعیل‎ ابن شیخ حیدر]]}} |align="center"|1487 |align="center"|1502 - 1524 |align="center"|1524ء |- |align="center"|[[File:Tahmasb-1.jpg|90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|ابو الفتح}} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[طہماسپ اول|طہماسپ ابن اسماعیل]]}} |align="center"|1514 |align="center"|1524–1576 |align="center"|1576ء |- |align="center"|[[File:Shah Ismayil I.jpg|90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|ابو المظفر }} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[اسماعیل ثانی|اسماعیل میرزا ابن طہماسپ]]}} |align="center"|1537 |align="center"|1576–1578 |align="center"|1577 |- |align="center"|[[File:Mohammen xudabende Sefevid.jpg |90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|ابو المظفر }} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[محمد خدابندہ‎|محمد خدابندہ‎ ابن طہماسپ]]}} |align="center"|1532 |align="center"|1578–1587 |align="center"|1595 |- |align="center"|[[File:Shah Abbas I.jpg|90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|شاہ عَباس بُزُرگ‎}} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[عباس اول|عباس ابن محمد خدابندہ‎]]}} |align="center"|1571 |align="center"|1587 - 1629 |align="center"|1629 |- |align="center"|[[File:Shah Safi (1883955).jpg|90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|شاہ صفی}} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[شاہ صفی|ابو الناصر سام میرزا ابن محمد باقر فیضی ابن عباس]]}} |align="center"|1611 |align="center"|1629 - 1642 |align="center"|1642 |- |align="center"|[[File:Shah Abbas I holding a falcon, Mughal style, late 17th century.jpg|90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|ابو المظفر }} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[شاہ عباس ثانی|عباس ابن شاہ صفی]]}} |align="center"|1632 |align="center"|1642 - 1667 |align="center"|1667 |- |align="center"|[[File:Suleiman I of Persia.jpg |90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|ابو المنصور }} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[شاہ سلیمان‎ صفوی|سلیمان‎ ابن عباس]]}} |align="center"|1647 |align="center"|1667 – 1694 |align="center"|1694 |- |align="center"|[[File:Sultan Husayn by Bruyn.jpg|90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|العادل، الکامل، الھادی، الواثق، ابو المظفر }} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[شاہ سلطان حسینی|سلطان حسین‎ میرزا ابن سلیمان‎]]}} |align="center"|1668؟ |align="center"|1694–1722 |align="center"|1726ء |- |- style="background:yellow" |align="center"|[[File:SHAH-MAHMUD-HOTAK.jpg|90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|شاہ افغان}} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[شاہ محمود ہوتکی]]}} |align="center"|1697 |align="center"|1717 - 1725 |align="center"|1725 |- |- style="background:yellow" |align="center"|[[File:Ashraf Shah Hotaki 1725-1729.jpg|90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|شاہ افغان}} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[شاہ أشرف ہوتکی]]}} |align="center"|~ |align="center"|1725–1729 |align="center"|1730 |- |align="center"|[[90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|}} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[طہماسپ دوجا|طہماسپ ابن سلطان حسین‎]]}} |align="center"|1704 |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|1722 - 1732}} |align="center"|1740 |- |- "bgcolor="#D8BFD8 |align="center"|[[90px]] |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|}} |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|[[شاہ عباس تیجا‎|عباس ابن طہماسپ دوجا]]<br /><small>[[نادر شاہ]] دے پڑچھانوے تھلے اک کٹھ پتلی شاہ </small>}} |align="center"|؟ |align="center"|{{Nastaliq|تاجداری بنیادی طور تے [[نادر شاہ]] نے ختم کر دتی 1732–1736 }} |align="center"|1739 - 40؟ |} == حوالے == {{حوالے|3}} ==مآخذ == {{ستون آ|2}} * ابن بزاز، صفوہ الصفا، چاپ سنگی، بمبی، بی‌نا، ۱۳۲۹ شمسی * انگلبر کمپفر، سفرنامہ کمپفر، ترجمۃ کیکاوس جہانداری، تہران، انتشارات خوارزمی ۱۳۵۰ * باستانی پاریزی، محمد ابراہیم، سیاست و اقتصاد عصر صفوی، تہران، انتشارات صفی علیشاہ، ۱۳۴۸ شمسی * ترکمان اسکندر بیک و محمد یوسف والہ، ذیل عالم ارای عباسی بہ تصحیح سہیلی خوانساری، تہران کتاب فروشی اسلامیہ، ۱۳۱۷ شمسی * تشکری، علی‌اکبر و نقیبی، الہام، [http://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/1061422 تعامل و تقابل تصوف و تشیع در عصر صفوی]، مجلہ پژوہش‌ہای تاریخی، شمارہ ۲۲، تابستان ۱۳۹۳ * جعفریان، رسول، صفویہ در عرصہ دین، فرہنگ و سیاست، قم، پژوہشگاہ حوزہ و دانشگاہ،‌ ۱۳۸۹ * حسین بیگ روملو، احسن التواریخ، تصحیح عبدالحسین نوایی، انتشارات اساطیر، تہران، چاپ اول، ۱۳۸۴ شمسی * خواند میر، تاریخ حبیب السیر، ۴ جلد زیر نظر دکتر دبیر سیانی، تہران، کتاب فروشی خیام، چاپ سوم، ۱۳۶۲ شمسی * راجر سیوری، ایران عصر صفوی، ترجمہ کامبیز عزیزی، نشر مرکز، تہران، ۱۳۷۲ شمسی * رجبی، محمد حسین، آراء فقیہان عصر صفوی دربارہ تعامل با حکومت‌ہا، مجلہ تاریخ و تمدن اسلامی، شمارہ ۹، بہار و تابستان ۸۸ * رستم الحکما، محمد ہاشم، تہران، امیر کبیر، ۱۳۵۷ شمسی * روملو، حسن بیک، احسن التواریخ، تصحیح دکتر عبدالحسین نوایی، تہران، انتشاران باباک، ۱۳۵۷ شمسی * شاہ اسماعیل صفوی، اسناد و مکاتبات تاریخی، بہ اہتمام عبدالحسین نوایی، انتشارات ارغوان، چاپ اول، ۱۳۶۸ شمسی * شاہ تہماسب، تذکرہ شاہ تہماسب، برلن، چاپخانہ کاویانی، ۱۳۴۳ق * شرلی، سفرنامہ برادران شرلی، ترجمہ آوانس بہ کوشش علی دہباشی، تہران، انتشارات ملی، ۱۳۵۹ شمسی * شیخ نوری،‌ محمد امیر و پرغو، محمد علی، چگونگی رسمیت یافتن تشیع توسط صفویان و پیامدہای آن، فصلنامہ شیعہ شناسی، شمارہ ۳۰، تابستان ۱۳۸۹ * صفا، میکائیل و رضایی، محمد، [http://m-hosseini.ir/safavid/articles-2/185.pdf|آرایہ‌ہای داستانی منابع عصر صفوی و رسمیت تشیع در ایران]، مجلہ شیعہ شناسی، شمارہ ۲۴،‌ زمستان ۱۳۸۷ * فروغی،‌اصغر، کارکرد مراسم سوگواری عاشورا در رسمی شدن مذہب شیعہ در زمان صفویہ، مجلہ مشکوہ، شمارہ ۸۱،‌ زمستان ۱۳۸۲ * گودرزی،‌ حسین، کارکرد ہویت بخش مذہب شیعہ در دورہ صفویہ، مجلہ مطالعات ملی، شمارہ ۳۶، تابستان ۱۳۸۷ * محمد ابراہیم بن زین العابدین نصیری، دستور شہریاران، بہ کوشش محمد نادر نصیری مقدم، تہران، بنیاد موقوفات افشار، ۱۳۷۳ * محمد امین ریاحی، سفارتنامہ‌ہای ایران، تہران، انتشارات توس، ۱۳۶۸ * محمد طاہر وحید قزوینی، عباسنامہ، بہ تصحیح ابراہیم دہگان، اراک، کتابفروشی داودی، ۱۳۲۹ * محمد یوسف اصفہانی، خلد برین، بہ کوشش میر ہاشم محدث، بنیاد موقوفہ دکتر محمد افشار، تہران، ۱۳۷۲ شمسی * مزاوی، میشل، پیدایش دولت صفوی، ترجمہ یعقوب آژند، تہران، گسترہ، ۱۳۶۳ شمسی * منبع اصلی رابطہ صفویان با عثمانیان: مقالہ [http://www.shareh.com/persian/magazine/tarikh_i/26/06.htm برگی از پیشینہ تلاش ایرانیان برای اتحاد مسلمانان، نوشتہ دکتر ابوالفضل عابدینی] * نصرا... فلسفی، زندگانی شاہ عباس اوّل، تہران، انتشارات دانشگاہ تہران، ۱۳۵۲ * نقش ترکان آناطولی در تشکیل و توسعہ دولت صفوی، پرفسور فاروق سومر، مترجم احسان اشراقی، محمد تقی امامی، تہران، نشر گستر، چاپ اول ۱۳۷۱ شمسی * نوایی، عبدالحسین، اسناد و مکاتبات تاریخی ایران(از تیمور تا شاہ اسماعیل) * نوایی، عبدالحسین، اسناد و مکاتبات تاریخی ایران(شاہ طہماسب)، تہران، انتشارات بنیاد فرہنگ، ۱۳۴۷ شمسی *میراحمدی، مریم، دین و مذہب در عصر صفوی، امیر کبیر، تہران، ۱۳۶۳ش. {{ستون خ}} == کتابیات== * {{cite book|last1=Blow|first1=David|title=Shah Abbas: The Ruthless King Who Became an Iranian Legend|date=2009|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-0857716767|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|url=http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/history/middle-east-history/cambridge-history-iran-volume-6?format=HB|title=The Timurid and Safavid Periods|last=|first=|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1986|isbn=9780521200943|editor-last=Jackson|editor-first=Peter|series=The Cambridge History of Iran|volume=6|location=Cambridge|pages=|ref=harv|editor-last2=Lockhart|editor-first2=Laurence}} * {{cite book | last = Khanbaghi | first = Aptin | title = The Fire, the Star and the Cross: Minority Religions in Medieval and Early Modern Iran | publisher = I.B. Tauris | year = 2006 | isbn = 978-1845110567 | ref = harv}} * {{cite book|last1=Mikaberidze|first1=Alexander|authorlink1=Alexander Mikaberidze|title=Historical Dictionary of Georgia|date=2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1442241466|edition=2|url=https://books.google.com/?id=JNNQCgAAQBAJ&dq=sakhltukhutsesi|ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last = Savory | first = Roger | title = Iran under the Safavids | publisher = [[Cambridge University Press]] | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-0521042512 | ref = harv}} * {{cite book | last = Sicker | first = Martin | title = The Islamic World in Decline: From the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire | publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-0275968915 | ref = harv}} * {{cite book | last = Yarshater | first = Ehsan | title = Encyclopædia Iranica | publisher = Routledge & Kegan Paul | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-0933273566 | ref = harv}} == ہور پڑھو == * Christoph Marcinkowski (tr.),''Persian Historiography and Geography: Bertold Spuler on Major Works Produced in Iran, the Caucasus, Central Asia, India and Early Ottoman Turkey'', Singapore: Pustaka Nasional, 2003, {{ISBN|9971-77-488-7}}. * Christoph Marcinkowski (tr., ed.),''Mirza Rafi‘a's [[Dastur al-Muluk]]: A Manual of Later Safavid Administration. Annotated English Translation, Comments on the Offices and Services, and Facsimile of the Unique Persian Manuscript'', Kuala Lumpur, ISTAC, 2002, {{ISBN|983-9379-26-7}}. * Christoph Marcinkowski,''From Isfahan to Ayutthaya: Contacts between Iran and Siam in the 17th Century'', Singapore, Pustaka Nasional, 2005, {{ISBN|9971-77-491-7}}. * [http://depts.washington.edu/uwch/silkroad/texts/olearius/travels.html "The Voyages and Travels of the Ambassadors"], Adam Olearius, translated by John Davies (1662), ==باہرلے جوڑ== {{Commons category|Safavid dynasty}} *[http://www.iranchamber.com/history/safavids/safavids.php History of the Safavids on Iran Chamber] *[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/safavids "Safavid dynasty"], ''Encyclopædia Iranica'' by Rudi Matthee * The History Files: [http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/EasternPersia.htm Rulers of Persia] *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/safavidempire_1.shtml BBC History of Religion] *[http://www.iranian.ws/7000-6.htm Iranian culture and history site] *[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/georgia-vii- "Georgians in the Safavid administration"], ''Encyclopædia Iranica'' *[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/safa/hd_safa.htm Artistic and cultural history of the Safavids from the Metropolitan Museum of Art] *[http://www.art-arena.com/safavidart.htm History of Safavid art] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140927093252/http://www.art-arena.com/safavidart.htm |date=2014-09-27 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071008023151/http://www.imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?print=589 A Study of the Migration of Shiʻi Works from Arab Regions to Iran at the Early Safavid Era.] *[http://www.iranchamber.com/history/articles/reflections_safavid_history_historiography1.php Why is Safavid history important?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831085535/http://www.iranchamber.com/history/articles/reflections_safavid_history_historiography1.php |date=2009-08-31 }} (Iran Chamber Society) *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100616060412/http://imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=3021 Historiography During the Safawid Era] *[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iran-ix23-shiism-in-iran-since-the-safavids "IRAN ix. RELIGIONS IN IRAN (2) Islam in Iran (2.3) Shiʿism in Iran Since the Safavids: Safavid Period"], ''Encyclopædia Iranica'' by Hamid Algar {{شیعہ حکومتاں-افقی}} {{وڈیاں سلطنتاں}} [[گٹھ:شیعہ حکومتاں]] [[گٹھ:ایران دے شیعہ خاندان]] [[گٹھ:ایران]] [[گٹھ:ایرانی دی تریخ]] [[گٹھ:سلطنتاں]] [[گٹھ:وڈیاں سلطنتاں]] a4d6ae65nepn2th02tkwsbl4v3khv59 0 13902 707396 431733 2026-05-28T07:11:12Z InternetArchiveBot 28598 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 707396 wikitext text/x-wiki {|table id="toc" style="margin:0;background:#ccccff";width:130%" align="left" cellpadding="1" | style="background:#ACE1AF" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="+1" color=black>صوبہ گریسون<font>''' |- | style="background:#d0f0c0" align="center" width="130px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="1" color=black>Giresun Province<font>''' |- |-style="margin:0;background:#ccccff";width:100%" align="center" cellpadding="2" |- align="center" | colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #D3D3D3;" | [[File:Cimakli Village in Espiye, Giresun Turkey.jpg|250px]] |-|- align="center" | colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #D3D3D3;" | [[File:Latrans-Turkey location Giresun.svg|250px]] |- | [[دیس]]: || [[ترکی]] [[File:Flag of Turkey.svg|30px]] |- | [[تھاں]] :|| 6,934 مربع کلومیٹر |- | لوک گنتی: || 419,256 |- |[[بولی]]: || [[ترک]] |- |} براعظم [[ایشیاء]] تے [[یورپ]] اتے پھیلے ہوئے [[دیس]] [[ترکی]] دے 81 [[صوبہ|صوبے]] نیں ۔ اس دے بوہتے صوبےآں دے [[ناں]] اس صوبے دے صدرمقام [[شہر]] اتے نیں ۔ صوبہ گریسون [[ترکی]] دے 81 صوبےآں چوں [[اک]] اے تے اسدا انتظامی مرکز [[گریسون]] [[شہر]] اے ۔ ==بارلے جوڑ== *[http://www.giresun.gov.tr/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101021316/http://www.giresun.gov.tr/ |date=2012-01-01 }} جانکاری {{ترکی دے صوبے}} [[گٹھ:ترکی دے صوبے]] [[گٹھ:ترکی دی انتظامی ونڈ]] [[گٹھ:ترکی]] [[گٹھ:صوبے ریاستاں]] [[گٹھ:جغرافیہ]] 3flgrw6dlq70yuux2sxdsuk8ch5c9z7 0 22888 707398 344495 2026-05-28T07:41:29Z Abbas dhothar 361 707398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{معلومات-واقعہ}}{{معلومات-تریخ}} {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; width: 20em; font-size: 90%;" cellspacing="3" |- | colspan="2" style="padding: 1em 0; font-size: 100%; text-align: center;" | '''دکھ دی گلی'''</br>Via Dolorosa |- | colspan="2" style="padding: 1em 0; text-align: center;" | [[File:Christ_Falling_on_the_Way_to_Calvary_-_Raphael.jpg|250px]] |- style="vertical-align: top;" |'''شہر''' |style="padding-right: 1em;" |[[یروشلم]]/[[بیت المقدس]] |- style="vertical-align: top;" |} '''دکھ دی گلی''' [[یروشلم]]/[[بیت المقدس]] دے پرانے شہر چ اک گلی اے۔ سغائی مت دے نال اےیس گلی چوں پیغمبر عیسا اپنی سولی چک کے سولی تے ٹنگن والی تھاں تک لنگیا سی۔ [[فائل:Via Dolorosa 1.jpg|thumb]] '''راہ غم''' یا '''[[راہ درد]]''' یا '''[[ویا دولوروسا]]''' (Via Dolorosa) ([[لاطینی]]،"Way of Grief"، "Way of Sorrows"، "Way of Suffering" or simply "Painful Way") ([[عربی]]: طريق الآلام) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ دو حصےآں وچ منقسم اک گلی اے، جتھے [[یسوع مسیح]] قید خانے تو‏ں اپنی صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے مقام [[تصلیب مسیح|مصلوبیت]] اُتے آئے۔ راستے د‏‏ی لمبائی تقریباً 600 میٹر (2،000 فٹ) ا‏‏ے۔ مقام [[تصلیب مسیح|مصلوبیت]] اُتے ہن [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] قائم ا‏‏ے۔ موجودہ راستے اُتے نو قیام [[صلیب]] نشان زدہ نيں۔ قیام صلیب تو‏ں مراد اوہ تھ‏‏انو‏اں نيں جتھے [[یسوع مسیح]] صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے رکے یا گرے۔ [[پندرہويں صدی]] دے آواخر تو‏ں قیاماں د‏‏ی تعداد چودہ اے، جس وچ نو راہ غم اُتے جدو‏ں کہ پنج [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے اندر نيں۔<ref>Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, The Holy Land, (2008)، page 37</ref> == پہلا قیام == <gallery> Old Jerusalem Via Dolorosa Station I sign.jpg|پہلا قیام First Station of the Via Dolorosa, Jerusalem - 20071015.jpg|پہلا قیام </gallery> == دوسرا قیام == <gallery> Old Jerusalem Via Dolorosa Station II sign.jpg|دوسرا قیام Church of the Condemnation IMG 1580.jpg|دوسرا قیام </gallery> == تیسرا قیام == <gallery> Al Wad street.jpg|تیسرا قیام Armenian catholic patriarchate, Via dolorosa 3rd station, Jerusalem.jpg|تیسرا قیام </gallery> == چوتھا قیام == <gallery> Station IV marker 1916 (511120108).jpg|چوتھا قیام Via Dolorosa IV sign 2010.jpg|چوتھا قیام </gallery> == پنجواں قیام == <gallery> Jerusalem 07-2012 (7550213086).jpg|پنجواں قیام Jerusalem Via Dolorosa BW 13.JPG|پنجواں قیام </gallery> == چھٹا قیام == <gallery> Old Jerusalem Via Dolorosa Station VI sign.jpg|چھٹا قیام Jerusalem by Dainis Matisons (3308113991).jpg|چھٹا قیام </gallery> == ساتواں قیام == <gallery> Station VII marker 1924 (511144195).jpg|ساتواں قیام 474.התחנה השביעית של הויה דולורוזה.jpg|ساتواں قیام </gallery> == اٹھواں قیام == <gallery> Israel - Jerusalem - The Old City - 117 (4260903445).jpg|اٹھواں قیام 8th Station of the Cross (4098306777).jpg|اٹھواں قیام </gallery> == نواں قیام == <gallery> Jerusalem Batch 1 (961).jpg|نواں قیام התחנה התשיעית של הויה דולורוזה.JPG|نواں قیام </gallery> == کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس == <gallery> The Church of the Holy Sepulchre-Jerusalem.JPG|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس Altar Golgotha.jpg|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس Altar of the Crucifixion l.jpg|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس Altar of the Crucifixion in The Church of The Holy Sepulchre.ogv|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس </gallery> == حوالے == {{حوالے}} {{قدیم شہر (یروشلم)}} [[گٹھ:تصلیب مسیح]] [[گٹھ:جغرافیہ عہد نامہ جدید]] [[گٹھ:مسیحی اصطلاحات]] [[گٹھ:مسیحی زیارتاں]] [[گٹھ: تھ‏‏انو‏اں عہد نامہ جدید]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ شارعاں]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ مسیحیت]] [[گٹھ:کامنز زمرہ جس دا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے اے ]] [[گٹھ:ویکی ڈیٹا تو‏ں وکھ وکھ مختصر وضاحت]] [[گٹھ:کاتھولک تھ‏‏انو‏اں زیارت]] [[گٹھ:کیتھولک لطوریا]] [[گٹھ:ارض مقدسہ د‏‏ی تحویل]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم]] [[گٹھ:ایسٹر]] [[Category:یروشلم/بیت المقدس]] 1ttuyj6ryfq3gsb4zh4vcldqysjsfpl 707399 707398 2026-05-28T07:42:13Z Abbas dhothar 361 707399 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; width: 20em; font-size: 90%;" cellspacing="3" |- | colspan="2" style="padding: 1em 0; font-size: 100%; text-align: center;" | '''دکھ دی گلی'''</br>Via Dolorosa |- | colspan="2" style="padding: 1em 0; text-align: center;" | [[File:Christ_Falling_on_the_Way_to_Calvary_-_Raphael.jpg|250px]] |- style="vertical-align: top;" |'''شہر''' |style="padding-right: 1em;" |[[یروشلم]]/[[بیت المقدس]] |- style="vertical-align: top;" |} {{معلومات-تریخ}} '''دکھ دی گلی''' [[یروشلم]]/[[بیت المقدس]] دے پرانے شہر چ اک گلی اے۔ سغائی مت دے نال اےیس گلی چوں پیغمبر عیسا اپنی سولی چک کے سولی تے ٹنگن والی تھاں تک لنگیا سی۔ [[فائل:Via Dolorosa 1.jpg|thumb]] '''راہ غم''' یا '''[[راہ درد]]''' یا '''[[ویا دولوروسا]]''' (Via Dolorosa) ([[لاطینی]]،"Way of Grief"، "Way of Sorrows"، "Way of Suffering" or simply "Painful Way") ([[عربی]]: طريق الآلام) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ دو حصےآں وچ منقسم اک گلی اے، جتھے [[یسوع مسیح]] قید خانے تو‏ں اپنی صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے مقام [[تصلیب مسیح|مصلوبیت]] اُتے آئے۔ راستے د‏‏ی لمبائی تقریباً 600 میٹر (2،000 فٹ) ا‏‏ے۔ مقام [[تصلیب مسیح|مصلوبیت]] اُتے ہن [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] قائم ا‏‏ے۔ موجودہ راستے اُتے نو قیام [[صلیب]] نشان زدہ نيں۔ قیام صلیب تو‏ں مراد اوہ تھ‏‏انو‏اں نيں جتھے [[یسوع مسیح]] صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے رکے یا گرے۔ [[پندرہويں صدی]] دے آواخر تو‏ں قیاماں د‏‏ی تعداد چودہ اے، جس وچ نو راہ غم اُتے جدو‏ں کہ پنج [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے اندر نيں۔<ref>Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, The Holy Land, (2008)، page 37</ref> == پہلا قیام == <gallery> Old Jerusalem Via Dolorosa Station I sign.jpg|پہلا قیام First Station of the Via Dolorosa, Jerusalem - 20071015.jpg|پہلا قیام </gallery> == دوسرا قیام == <gallery> Old Jerusalem Via Dolorosa Station II sign.jpg|دوسرا قیام Church of the Condemnation IMG 1580.jpg|دوسرا قیام </gallery> == تیسرا قیام == <gallery> Al Wad street.jpg|تیسرا قیام Armenian catholic patriarchate, Via dolorosa 3rd station, Jerusalem.jpg|تیسرا قیام </gallery> == چوتھا قیام == <gallery> Station IV marker 1916 (511120108).jpg|چوتھا قیام Via Dolorosa IV sign 2010.jpg|چوتھا قیام </gallery> == پنجواں قیام == <gallery> Jerusalem 07-2012 (7550213086).jpg|پنجواں قیام Jerusalem Via Dolorosa BW 13.JPG|پنجواں قیام </gallery> == چھٹا قیام == <gallery> Old Jerusalem Via Dolorosa Station VI sign.jpg|چھٹا قیام Jerusalem by Dainis Matisons (3308113991).jpg|چھٹا قیام </gallery> == ساتواں قیام == <gallery> Station VII marker 1924 (511144195).jpg|ساتواں قیام 474.התחנה השביעית של הויה דולורוזה.jpg|ساتواں قیام </gallery> == اٹھواں قیام == <gallery> Israel - Jerusalem - The Old City - 117 (4260903445).jpg|اٹھواں قیام 8th Station of the Cross (4098306777).jpg|اٹھواں قیام </gallery> == نواں قیام == <gallery> Jerusalem Batch 1 (961).jpg|نواں قیام התחנה התשיעית של הויה דולורוזה.JPG|نواں قیام </gallery> == کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس == <gallery> The Church of the Holy Sepulchre-Jerusalem.JPG|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس Altar Golgotha.jpg|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس Altar of the Crucifixion l.jpg|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس Altar of the Crucifixion in The Church of The Holy Sepulchre.ogv|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس </gallery> == حوالے == {{حوالے}} {{قدیم شہر (یروشلم)}} [[گٹھ:تصلیب مسیح]] [[گٹھ:جغرافیہ عہد نامہ جدید]] [[گٹھ:مسیحی اصطلاحات]] [[گٹھ:مسیحی زیارتاں]] [[گٹھ: تھ‏‏انو‏اں عہد نامہ جدید]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ شارعاں]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ مسیحیت]] [[گٹھ:کامنز زمرہ جس دا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے اے ]] [[گٹھ:ویکی ڈیٹا تو‏ں وکھ وکھ مختصر وضاحت]] [[گٹھ:کاتھولک تھ‏‏انو‏اں زیارت]] [[گٹھ:کیتھولک لطوریا]] [[گٹھ:ارض مقدسہ د‏‏ی تحویل]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم]] [[گٹھ:ایسٹر]] [[Category:یروشلم/بیت المقدس]] cswf74nkldj8er6nu0qfkenluz22d18 0 30411 707406 679209 2026-05-28T08:46:03Z InternetArchiveBot 28598 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 707406 wikitext text/x-wiki {| cellpadding="5" cellspacing=0 style="border: 1px solid #cccccc; float: left; clear: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; background: #fcfcfc; width: 305px" | style="background:#FBEC5D" align="center" width="200px" colspan=2 |'''<font size="3" color=black>عبدالسلام<font>''' |- |-style="margin:0;background:#ccccff";width:100%" align="center" cellpadding="2" |- align="center" | colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #D3D3D3;" | [[File:Abdus Salam 1987.jpg|250px]] |- align="center" |- |[[جنمستھان]] : || [[ساہیوال]]، [[پنجاب (علاقہ)|پنجاب]] |- |جمݨ تریخ : || 29 جنوری 1926 |- |مرن تریخ : || 21 نومبر 1996 [[آکسفورڈ]] ، [[برطانیا]] |- |گن : || [[سائنسدان]] [[فزکس]] |- |اعزاز : || [[1979]] وچ [[فزکس]] دا [[نوبل انعام]] |- |دستخط :|| [[File:Abdussalam Autograph Urdu.jpg|70px]] |- |} '''عبدالسلام''' (29 جنوری 1926 - 21 نومبر 1996) فزکس دے پنجابی پاکستانی [[سائنسدان]] سی جیہناں نے 1979 دا [[نوبل انعام]] لیا۔ اوہ پہلا [[پنجابی]] تے پاکستانی سی جیہاں نے ایہ انعام جتیا۔ اوہ [[ضلع ساہیوال]] [[پنجاب (پاکستان)|پنجاب]] وچ 1926 نوں جمے تے 14 ورھے دی عمر وچ پورے پنجاب وچ میٹرک وچ پہلی پوزیشن لئی ۔ [[گورنمنٹ کالج لہور]] توں فزکس وچ 1946 نوں ایم ایس سی کیتی ۔ 1949 وچ [[کیمبرج یونیورسٹی]] انگلینڈ توں میتھمیٹکس تے فزکس وچ گریجویشن کیتی ۔ فزکس وچ 1951 وچ [[کیمبرج یونیورسٹی]] توں ای پی ایچ ڈی کیتی۔ [[گورنمنٹ کالج لہور]] وچ 1951 توں 1954 تک میتھمیٹکس دے [[پروفیسر]] رہے ۔ اوہناں نے پاکستان ایٹمی توانائی کمیشن نال وی کم کیتا ۔ 1979 وچ عبدالسلام نوں [[ایٹم]] دے مڈھلے زریاں تے کم کرن تے [[شیلڈن لی گلاشو|گلاشو]] تے [[سٹیون وائنبرگ|وائنبرگ]] نال [[فزکس]] دا [[نوبل انعام]] دتا گیا۔ == جم پل == عبدالسلام 29 جنوری 1926 نوں [[پنجاب|برطانوی پنجاب]] دے [[ضلع ساہیوال]] دے اک پنڈ، سنتوک داس وچ چوہدری محمد حسین تے ہاجرہ دے گھر جمے ۔ عبدالسلام داے والد محکمہ تعلیم وچ ملازم سی ۔ سلام دے خاندان نوں پڑھݨ لکھݨ نال خاصا لگاؤ سی ۔ == تعلیم == 14 ورھیاں دی عمر وچ عبداسلام نے میٹرک دے امتحان وچ [[پنجاب یونیورسٹی]] وچ سب توں چوکھے نمبر لئے [[گورنمنٹ کالج لہور]] توں وظیفے نال پڑھائی کیتی۔ سلام نوں اردو تے انگریزی ساہت پڑھن دا وی شوق سی پر میتھمیکس دی کھچ چوکھی سی۔ اوہنے رامانوجن دی میتھمیٹکس تے لکھیا تے 1944 وچ میتھمیٹکس دے نال بی اے دی ڈگری لئی۔ سلام دے پیو دا دل سی جے سلام انڈین سول سروس وچ جائے، جے اوس ویلے یونیورسٹی دے پڑھے منڈیاں لئی سول سروس دی نوکری بہت ودیا خیال کیتی جاندی سی۔ سلام نے پیو دی کین تے انڈین ریلوے وچ اپلائی کیتا پر نظر کمزور ہون باجوں ناں چنیا گیا۔ [[File:Abdus Salam.jpg|thumb|left|200px|سلام دی میٹرک کرن توں بعد دی تصویر]] لہور چ [[گورنمنٹ کالج لہور]] توں 1946 وچ میتھمیٹکس وج ایم اے کیتا۔ اسی سال [[سینٹ جان کالج، کیمبرج]] توں وظیفہ لیا تے 1949 وچ میتھمیٹکس تے فزکس نال بی اے دی ڈگری لئی۔ 1950 وچ [[کیمبرج یونیورسٹی]] توں فزکس چ کم کرن تے سمتھ ایوارڈ دتا گیا۔ اوہ کج چر لئی پاکستان آیا پر فیر کیمبرج پی ایچ ڈی کرن گیا۔ پی ایچ ڈی وچ اوہدا تھیسز کوانٹم الیکٹروڈآئنمکس بارے سی جیہڑا 1951 وچ چھپیا۔ اودوں ای اوہنوں ایڈمز پرائز دتا گیا۔ ڈاکٹریٹ کردیاں ہویاں اوہدے اک استاد نے اوہنوں اک سال دے اندر اک ایسا رپھڑ مکان دا آکھیا جیہڑا [[پال ڈیراک|ڈیراک]] تے [[رچرڈ فائنمین]] ورگے لوکاں کولوں وی نہیں ہویا سی۔ میس تھیوری دا ایہ رپھڑ ارہنے 6 مہینیاں وچ مکادتا۔ [[کیونڈش لباٹری]] وچ جدوں اوہنے ایس رپھڑ دا حل دسیا تے اوپنہائمر، [[ہانز بیتھے]] تے [[پال ڈیراک|ڈیراک]] ورگے لوک وی اوہنوں من گۓ۔ ==استاد== 1951 اچ ڈاکٹریٹ کرن مگروں عبدالسلام گورنمنٹ کالج وچ میتھمیٹکس دا پروفیسر لگ گیا تے 1954 تک اوتھے ریا۔ ایس ویلے ای سلام پنجاب یونیورسٹی وچ میتھمیٹکس دا چیئرمین تے پروفیسر وی لگیا ریا۔ چیئر مین ہوندیا ہویاں سلام نے نصاب چ تبدیلی کر کے قوانٹم مکینکس نوں ڈگری توں تھلڑی جماعتاں وچ پڑھانا لازمی کر دتا پر وائس چانسلر نے ایس تبدیلی نو پلٹا دتا، جیدی وجہ توں سلام نے قوانٹم مکینکس شام نوں کلاساں نوں وکھریاں پڑھانا شروع کیتا۔ 1953 وچ سلام نوں لہور وچ اک کھوجی ادارہ بنان لئی روکاں ویکھنیاں پیاں۔ سلام پاکستان اکیڈیمی آف سائینسز دے پہلے سنگیاں وچوں سی۔ 1953 وچ سلام کیمرج واپس ٹر گیا تے 1954 چ سینٹ جان کالج چ میتھمیٹکس دا پروفیسر لگ گیا۔ 1957 اچ اوہنو امپیریل کالج لندن توں پڑھان دا سدا آیا۔ اوتھے اوہنے تے پال میتھیو نے رل کے تھوریٹیکل فزکس دے ڈیپارٹمنٹ دا مڈھ رکھیا جیہنے دنیا دے وڈے فزکس گروواں نوں اپنے ول کھچیا۔ 1957 اچ پنجاب یونیورسٹی نے پارٹیکل فزکس وچ کم کرن تے سلام نوں ڈاکٹریٹ دی اعزازی ڈگری دتی۔ سلام نے پاکستان نالاپنے ساک پینڈے رکھے ۔ برطانیہ وچ پاکستانی پڑھاکواں لئی وظیفے رکھواۓ تے [[سینٹ جان کالج، کیمبرج|سینٹ جان کالج]] تے [[امپیریل کالج لندن]] تک کئی پاکستانی پڑھاکوواں نو اپڑن لئی ہتھ ونڈائی کیتی۔ 33 وریاں اچ سلام [[رائل سوسائٹی]]، [[لندن]] دا ایس دا سب توں نکی عمر دا سنگی بنیا۔ 1959 اچ سلام نوں [[پرنسٹن یونیورسٹی]] دی سنگت لبی، اوتھے سلام جے رابرٹ اوپنہیمر نوں ملیا تے اوہنوں [[نیوٹرینو]] تے اپنیاں کھوجاں تے کاہڈاں بارے دسیا۔ اوپنہیمر تے سلام نے الیکٹرو ڈائنیمکس دے مڈھ، رپھڑ تے اوہدے حل تے اپنیاں سوچاں سانجھیاں کیتیاں۔۔ 1980 اچ سلام "بنگلہ دیش اکیڈمی آف سائینسز" دا سنگی بنیا۔ [[File:Qasim with abdus salam (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|200px| 1986 وچ عبدالسلام]] ==سائینسی کیریئر== سائینسی کیریئر دے مڈھ توں ای سلام نے قوانٹم الیکٹروڈائنیمکس، قوانٹم فیلڈ تھیوری، قوانٹم کرومو ڈائینیمکس، پارٹیکل تے نیوکلیائی فزکس وچ اہم کردار ادا کیتا۔ ریاضی تے فزکس چ سلام دا خاصا شوق سی۔ نیوکلئیر فزکس چ سلام نے کافی کم کیتا پر اوہناں دی خواہش سی کہ پاکستان وچ نظریاتی فزکس وچ کم کیتا جائے۔ سلام نے نیوٹرینو دے نظریے تے خاصا کم کیتا جنوں 1931 وچ [[ولفگانگ پالی]] نے کھوجیا سی۔ [[نیوٹرینو]] دے نظریے اچ سلام نے کائرل سمٹری نو متعارف کرایا۔ کائرل سمٹری ای "کمزور برقی تعلقات نظریہ " دی بنیاد بنی۔ بعد اچ سلام نے اے کم ریاض الدین دے حوالے کر دتا جنے نیوٹرینو لئی سب توں پہلاں کم کیتا۔ 1960 اچ سلام نے نیوکلیائی فزکس تے کم کرنا شروع کیتا تے پہلی واری پروٹان ٹٹن تے شروع دا کم کیتا۔ سلام نے سٹینڈرڈ ماڈل دے نظریے اچ وڈے [[ہگز بوسن]] نوں نتعارف کرایا جس اچ اوہنے پروٹان دے تابکاری عمل نال ٹٹن بارے خبر دتی۔ 1963 اچ سلام نے "ویکٹر میسن" بارے اپنے نظریاتی کم نوں چھاپیا۔ 1961 اچ سلام نے جان کلائو وارڈ نال سمٹری تے کمزور برقی تعلقات تے کم کرن دا آغاز کیتا۔ 1964 اچ سلام تے وارڈ نے کمزور تے برقی مقناطیسی تعلقات دے گاج نظریے تے کم کیتا تے ایہدا ماڈل تیار کیتا۔ 1959 توں ایس نظریے تے کم ہو ریا سی پر سلام ایس گل تے راضی سی کہ سارے بنیادی ذرات دے درمیان دے تعلقات، اصل اچ گاج تعلقات نے۔ 1968 اچ [[سٹیون وائنبرگ]] تے [[شیلڈن لی گلاشو]] نال رل کے سلام نے اپنے کم دا ریاضی دا خیال دتا۔ [[امپیریل کالج لندن]] وچ سلام نے گلاشو تے گولڈ سٹون نال رل کے ، گولڈ سٹون دے نظریے نوں ریاضی دی مدد توں ثابت کیتا۔ 1960 اچ سلام تے وائنبرگ نے "ہگز ول" نوں گولڈسٹون دی کھوج نال رلا دتا تے الیکٹرو ویک نظریے نوں نوا رنگ دتا۔ 1968 اچ سلام نے وائنبرگ تے گلاشو نال رل کے آخر نو اپنے کم دا ریاضی دا ماڈل پیش کر دتا۔ 1966 اچ سلام نے اک فرضی ذرے تے کم شروع کیتا۔ سلام نے "مقناطیسی اکو پاسا" تے "سی پی خلاف ورزی" دی آپس دے برقی مقناطیسی تعلقات وکھائے تے مقناطیسی فوٹان بارے دسیا۔ ==سرکاری نوکری== 1960 وچ سلام صدر ایوب دے بلانے تے پاکستان واپس آ گیا۔ آزادی توں بعد پاکستان وچ سائنس تے تحقیق لئی بہت کم کم ہو ریا سی،ایہدے لئی صرف پاکستان دی جی ڈی پی دا 1 % خرچ ہو ریا سی۔ پاکستان ایٹمی توانائی کمیشن دا دفتر وی اک کمرے چ سی تے بنیادی فزکس تے تحقیق کیتی جاندی سی۔سلام نے 500 توں ود سائینسداناں نو فزکس دی تربیت لئی ملک توں باہر پیجیا جے پاکستان چ فزکس ترقی کرے۔ ==خلائی پروگرام== 1961ء وچ سلام نے صدر ایوب نو ملک چ خلائی کھوج کرن دا ادارہ بنان دا مشورہ دتا، اے ادارہ بنن توں بعد سلام نوں ڈائیریکٹر بنایا گیا۔ سلام نے نیوکلیائی فزکس دے سایئنسدان اشفاق احمد نوں ملک واپس بلایا جیہڑا ملک چھوڑ کے سویٹرز لینڈ چ کم کر ریا سی۔ سلام نے امریکہ جاکے امریکی ادارے ناسا وچ پاکستانیاں دی سکھلائی دا بندوبست کیتا تے پاکستان وچ خلائی کھوج بارے امریکی دی ہتھ ونڈائی لئی۔ نیلور اسلام آباد وچ سلام نے اک ہور کھوج دے گڑھ دا مڈھ رکھیا۔ '''نیوکلیائی ہتھیاراں دا پروگرام''' [[File:Abdus salam block.JPG|thumb|left|250px| گورنمنٹ کالج [[جھنگ]]]] 1965 وچ سلام نے پاکستان انسٹیٹیوٹ آف نیوکلیر سائینس اینڈ ٹیکنالوجی دا مڈھ رکھیا۔ لام دے ای کہن تے انٹرنیشنل نتھیاگلی سمر کالج نوں وی پاکستان ایٹمی توانائی کمیشن نے ٹوریا جتھے دوجے دیساں دے ایٹمی سینسدان پاکستان آکے پکستانی سینسداناں نال ملدے سن تے اپنایں کاہڈاں تے کھوجاں بارے دسدے سن۔ 20 جنوری 1972 نوں [[ملتان]] وچ وزیراعظم زوالفقار علی بھٹو نے پاکستانی سینسداناں تے انجینراں نوں ہندستان دے ایٹم بمب بارے دسیا تے اوہناں نوں ایس بارے اک پاکستانی پروگرام شروع کرن بارے آکھیا۔ ایس ملنی وچ سلام وی ہے سی۔ 1974 تک سلام پاکستان دے ایٹمی پروگرام دے موڈیاں وچوں سی پر جدوں 1974 وچ ذوافقار علی بھٹو دی سرکار سلام دی سوچ مذہبی لوکاں نوں مسلمان منن توں منکرے تے سلام نراض ہوگیا تے دیس چھڈ گیا پر اوہدا اپنے دیس نال ساک ناں ٹٹیا۔ ==سائینس لئی کم == عبدالسلام نے اپنے دیس تے بدیس وچ سائینس دے وادھے لئی کئی کم کیتے تے ادارے بناۓ۔ 1964 اچ اوہنے [[ٹریسٹ]]، [[اٹلی]] وچ اک ادارہ "تھیوریٹیکل فزکس دا سینٹر" دے ناں توں بنایا، تے 1993 تک اوہدے آگو رئے۔ 1974 چ سلام نے ملک چ سائینس نوں ودھان لئی، " نتھیاگلی سمر کالج" دی نیو رکھی۔ ایس ادارے دا کم اے سی کہ ساری دنیا دے سینسداناں دا پاکستان وچ اکٹھ کرے جے سائینس تے فزکس بارے اپسی گل بات ہوسکے۔ اے ادارہ اج وی ہر سال سینسداناں دا اکٹھ کردا اے۔ سلام نے تیجی دنیا دے دیساں چ سائینس نوں ودھان لئی چوکھا کم کیتا۔ سلام نے یونائیثڈ نیشنز ولوں کیتے جان آلے سیمیناراں وچ حصہ لیئا۔ اوہنے "تیجی دنیا دی سائینس دی اکیڈمی (ٹواس)" دی نیو رکھی۔ 1979 وچ [[نوبل انعام]] ملن توں مگروں، سلام نو ایس گل تے پکا ایمان سی کہ "سائینسی سوچ سارے انساناں دا رلواں ورثہ اے" تے اگے وددے دیساں نو سائنس چ ہور کم کرنا چائیدا اے تے بہت سارے سینسدان بنا کے دوجے دیساں دے برابر آن دی کوشش کرنی چائیدی اے جے دنیا چ امن ہو سکے۔ سلام نے پاویں پاکستان چھڈ دتا سی فیر وی ایہدے نال ساک ناں ٹٹن دتا۔ سلام نے پاکستان دے سیئنسداناں نو تھیمریٹیکل فزکس دے سنٹر چ بلاندا ریا۔ پاکستان دے منے پرمنے سینسدان سلام نو اپنا گرو تے استاد مندے نے، ایہناں سائینسداناں وچ غلام مرتضٰی، ریاض الدین، کمال الدین احمد، فہیم حسین، رضی الدین صدیقی، منیر احمد خان، اشفاق احمد، عشرت حسین عثمانی ہیگے نیں۔ == جیون == عبدالسلام نے اپنی گھر دے جیون تے کم والے جیون نوں وکھرا رکھیا. سلام نے دو ویاہ کیتے۔ پہلی ٹبری توں ترے تیعاں تے اک پتر تے دوجی ٹبری توں اک تعی تے اک پتر سی۔ دوجی ٹبری ڈیم لوئس جانسن [[آکسفورڈ یونیورسٹی]] وچ فزکس دی پروفیسر سی۔ سلام نے 1968 اچ جانسن نال لندن وچ شادی کیتی۔ عبدالسلام [[آکسفورڈ]]، [[انگلینڈ]] وچ 70 سال دی عمر اچ 21 نومبر 1996 نوں فوت ہو گئے ۔ اوہ [[احمدیہ|احمدیہ قادیانی جماعت]] دے پیروکار سی، اوہناں نوں [[چناب نگر|ربوہ چناب نگر]]، [[پنجاب، پاکستان|پنجاب]] وچ اپنے ماں پیو دی قبراں دے نال دفنایا گیا۔ ==اعزازات == === نوبل انعام === 1979 چ سلام نو [[فزکس]] دا [[نوبل انعام]] دتا گیا۔ایس انعام وچ [[شیلڈن لی گلاشو]] تے [[سٹیون وائنبرگ]] دا حصہ وی سی۔ انعام دی وجہ: "بنیادی ذرات دے وچکار اکوجئی کمزور تے برقی مقناطیسی طاقتاں دی کھوج، تے دوجیاں چیزاں وچ، کمزور نیوٹرل کرنٹ بارے غیبی خبر دتی گئی۔" ===ایوارڈ === سلام نے ساری دنیا توں اچے سِول تے سائینسی ایوارڈ لئے۔ سلام نوں صدر پاکستان ولوں پہلا اچا سِول ایوارڈ "ستارہ پاکستان (1959)" تے "نشانِ امتیاز (1979)" دتا گیا۔ "نیشنل سینٹر فار فزکس (این سی پی)" وچ سلام دے نا دا میوزیم اے؛ "عبدالسلام میوزیم"، جیدے وچ سلام دی زندگی تے سائینسی کم (نوبل انعام لئی الیکٹرو ویک تھیوری دی کھوج) بارے معلامات دتیاں گیاں نے ۔ سلام نوں اوہدی زندگی وچ تھلے دتے گئے انعام دتے گئے: * [[فزکس]] دا [[نوبل انعام]]، ([[سٹاکہوم]]، [[سویڈن]]) (1979) * ہاپکنز انعام([[کیمبرج یونیورسٹی]]) 1957-1958 دے دوران فزکس وچ انتہائی شاندار کم کرن لئی * ایڈمز انعام ([[کیمبرج یونیورسٹی]]) (1958) [[File:Abdus Salam lecture.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[یونیورسٹی آف شیکاگو]] [[امریکا]] دے اوریئنٹل کالج وچ سلام لیکچر دیندیا ہویاں]] * سمتھ انعام ([[کیمبرج یونیورسٹی]])(1950) * "تارہؑ پاکستان" پاکستان وچ سائینس دی خدمت کرن لئی (1959) * پرائیڈ آف پرفارمینس میڈل تے ایوارڈ (1959) * پہلی واری میکسویل میڈل تے ایوارڈ لین آلا (فزیکل سوسائیٹی، [[لندن]])، (1961) * ہوغیز میڈل (رائل سوسائیٹی، [[لندن]])، (1964) * ایٹمز فار پیس ایوارڈ (ایٹمز فار پیس فاؤنڈیشن) (1968) * جے رابرٹ اوپنہیمر میموریل میڈل تے انعام (یونیورسٹی آف میامی)، (1971) * گوٹھری میڈل تے انعام (1976) * سر دیوا پرساد سروادھیکرے گولڈ میڈل (کلکتہ یونیورسٹی) (1977) * میٹیوسی میڈل (اکیڈیمیا نازیونیل ڈی لنسی، [[روم]]) (1978) * جان ٹیرینس ٹیٹ میڈل (امیرکن انسٹیٹیوٹ آف فزکس) (1978) * رائل میڈل (رائل سوسائیٹی، [[لندن]]) (1978) * نشانِ امتیاز پاکستان س سائینسی کماں چ ودیا کارکردگی لئی (1979) * آئن سٹائن میڈل (یونیسکو، [[پیرس]]) (1979) * شری آر ڈی برلا ایوارڈ (انڈیا فزکس ایسوسی ایشن) (1979) * آرڈر آف اینڈرس بیلو ([[وینزویلا]]) (1980) * آرڈر آف استقلال ([[اردن]])، (1980) * کوالیری ڈی گرین کروس ڈیل آرڈینی ال میریٹو ڈیلا ریپبلیکا اٹیلینا (1980) * جوزف سٹیفن میڈل(جوزف سٹیفن انسٹیٹیوٹ، [[لیوبلیانا]]) (1980) * فزکس وچ ودیا خدمتاں لئی گولڈ میڈل (چیکوسلووک اکیڈمی آف سائینسس، [[پراگ]]) (1981) * پیس میڈل(چارلس یونیورسٹی، [[پراگ]])(1981) * لومونوسوف گولڈٖ میڈل (یو ایس ایس آر اکیڈمی آف سائینسس) (1983) * پریمیو امبرتو بیانکامانو ([[اٹلی]]) (1986) * دائمی بین الاقوامی امن ایوارڈ ([[بنگلہ دیش]]) (1986) * پہلا [[ایڈنبرا]] میڈل تے انعام ([[سکاٹ لینڈ)) (1988) * جینوآ انٹرنیشنل ڈیویلپمنٹ آف پیپلز پرائز ([[اٹلی]]) (1988) * آنریری نائٹ کمانڈر آف دی آرڈر آف دی برٹش ایمپائر (1989) * کیٹا لونیا بین الاقوامی انعام ([[سپین]])، (1990) * کوپلے میڈل (رائل سوسائٹی، [[لندن]]) (1990) ===سلام دے نا تے ایوارڈ === "عبدالسلام ایوارڈ" یا "سلام انعام" نیچرل تے فزیکل سائینساں دا او ایوارڈ اے جو اناں سائینساں وچ وڈیاں خدمتاں نو پہچانن لئی قائم کیتا گیا۔ 1979 وچ ریاض الدین، فیاض الدین تے اصغر قادر ،سلام نال ملے تے اک ایسا ایوارڈ بنان دی ترکیب سامنے رکھی جیہڑا پاکستان دے رہائشی سائنسداناں دی حاصلہ افزائی کرے۔ سلام نے اپنے انعام توں جتی رقپ ایس مقصد لئی خرچ کرن دا منصوبہ بنایا۔ اے انعام پہلی واری 1981 و دتا گیا۔ فزکس تے ریاضی دے ترقی پان آلے سینٹر (کیمپ) دی کمیٹی ایوارڈ جتن آلیاں نوں چُندی اے۔ "تیجے ملکاں دی سائین دی اکیڈمی، [[ٹریسٹ]]، [[اٹلی]]"، "عبدالسلام ایوارڈ" نوں پیش کردی اے، ایہدی طرفوں 1995 وچ اے انعام دتا گیا۔ اے انعام ترقی کرن آلے ملکاں وچ سائینس نو ودھان آلے لوکاں نو دتا جاندا اے۔ === خدمتاں === عبدالسلام دا پہلا تیان فزکس چ تحقیق کرن تے سی۔ اوہدیاں اہم خدمتاں تھلے دتیاں گئیاں نے: * دو حصیاں آلا نیوٹرینو نظریہ * کمزور تے برقی مقناطیسی طاقتاں دا اکٹھ، جیدا نا سلام نے "الیکٹرو ویک" رکھیا۔ * کمزور نیوٹرل کرنٹ ،ڈبلیو تے زیڈ ذرات دی موجودگی دا انکشاف کیتا۔ * بنیادی ذرات دی ترتیب آلی خاصیتاں نو پڑھیا۔ * میسن دے نظریات نو نوے سرے توں پڑھیا۔ * ثقل دے نظریے تے ایہدے ذراتی فزکس چ کردار بارے پڑھیا۔ * "وڈا اکٹھ نظریہ" ؛ الیکٹرو ویک تے مضبوط نیوکلیائی طاقتاں دا اکٹھ پڑھیا۔ * پروٹان دے ٹٹن دا انکشاف کیتا۔ * "پتی- سلام ماڈل"، "وڈا اکٹھ نظریہ"۔ * 1974 وچ سپر سمٹری تھیوری، سپر سپیس تے سپر فیلڈز دا فارمولہ کڈیا۔ *1974 وچ سپر مینیفولڈ دا نظریہ، سپر سمٹری سمجھن لئی۔ * 1974 وچ سپرجیومیٹری ، سپر سمٹر وچ مدد * الیکٹرو ویک سمٹری ٹٹن تے ہگز اصول دا اطلاق * 1966 وچ مقناطیسی فوٹان دا انکشاف [[File:Routeabdussalam.png|thumb|left|300px| [[جنیوا]] چ سڑک جیدا نا سلام دے نا تے رکھیا گیا]] '''ڈاکومینٹری فلم''' 2010 اچ سلام دی زندگی تے سائینس بارے اک پاکستانی فلمساز تے ڈائریکٹر صبیحہ ثمر نے اک فلم بنائی۔ 2011 وچ عبد السلام دی ذاتی زندگی بدے بارے اچ اک فلم بنی۔ == سلام دے نا تے ادارے == عبدالسلام دے نا تے تھلے دتے گئے ادارے بنائے گئے نے: * عبدالسلام نیشنل سینٹر فار میتھمیٹھکس، [[گورنمنٹ کالج لہور]] یونیورسٹی، [[پاکستان]] * عبدالسلام چیئر ان فزکس، [[گورنمنٹ کالج لہور]] یونیورسٹی، [[پاکستان]] * عبدالسلام انٹر نیشنل سینٹر فار تھیوریٹکل فزکس، [[ٹریسٹ]]، [[اٹلی]] *عبدالسلام سکول فار میتھمیٹکل سائینسز، [[لہور]] ، پاکستان * ایڈورڈ بوچے عبدالسلام انسٹیٹیوٹ ==ہور دیکھو== * [[عبداسلام ایوارڈ]] * [[نوبل انعام جتن والیاں دی لسٹ]] ==باہرلے جوڑ== * [http://www.apnaorg.com/articles/fridaytimes-2/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603144849/http://apnaorg.com/articles/fridaytimes-2/ |date=2013-06-03 }} * [http://www.kailoola.com/abdussalamdocufilm/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130210020514/http://www.kailoola.com/abdussalamdocufilm/ |date=2013-02-10 }} * [http://news.yahoo.com/pakistan-shuns-physicist-linked-god-particle-185057298.html] * [http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/salam-bio.html] * [http://www.imperial.ac.uk/physics/conferences/salam50/] * [http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/salam-cv.html] * [http://thelalajie.wordpress.com/2011/11/12/drabdulsalam/ حیاتی] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130131113720/http://thelalajie.wordpress.com/2011/11/12/drabdulsalam/ |date=2013-01-31 }} * [https://thelalajie.wordpress.com/2011/11/12/drabdulsalam/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006182815/http://thelalajie.wordpress.com/2011/11/12/drabdulsalam/ |date=2013-10-06 }} == حوالے == {{حوالے|2}} {{کوپلے ٹکا لین والے}} {{فزکس چ نوبل انعام لین والے}} [[گٹھ:کوپلے ٹکا لین والے]] [[گٹھ:سائنسدان]] [[گٹھ:نوبل انعام جتن والے]] [[گٹھ:پنجابی شخصیتاں]] [[گٹھ:پنجابی سائنسدان]] 0p31vf95p2o97z6uf5spmvcpmj4bjwf 0 56882 707385 706267 2026-05-27T12:58:59Z ~2026-31384-68 44337 707385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Test team | team_name = بنگلہ دیش | image = Bangladesh Cricket Board Logo.svg | image_caption = بنگلہ دیش کرکٹ | test status year = 2000 | current captain = شکیب الحسن | odi captain = تمیم اقبال | current coach = راشیل ڈومنگو | current official rank = | all-time best official rank = 9واں<br>7واں<br>4واں<!--Test;ODI;T20I--> | first test match = مخالف {{cr|IND}} بنگبندھو قومی سٹیڈیم، [[ڈھاکا]] وکھے؛ 10–13 نومبر 2000 | number of tests = 95 | test matches this year = | win/loss record = 8/72<br>(15 ڈراء) | win/loss record this year = | most recent test match = | first odi match = مخالف {{cr|PAK}} دے سوئسا سٹیڈیم، مورتوا وکھے؛ 31 مارچ 1986 | number of odis = 318 | odi matches this year = | odi win/loss record = 101/213<br>(0 ٹائی، 4 نتیجہ نہیں) | odi win/loss record this year = | most recent odi match = | cricket world cup apps = 5 | cricket world cup first = [[1999 کرکٹ وشو کپ|1999]] | cricket world cup best = کارٹر-فائینلر ([[2015 کرکٹ وشو|2015]]) | first t20i match = مخالف {{cr|ZIM}} شیخ ابو ناصر سٹیڈیم، کھلنا وکھے؛ 28 نومبر 2006 | number of t20is = 62 | t20i matches this year = | t20i win/loss record = 20/40<br>(0 ٹائی، 2 نتیجہ نہیں) | t20i win/loss record this year = | most recent t20i match = | worldt20 apps = 6 | worldt20 first = [[2007 آئیسیسی وشو ٹونٹی20|2007]] | worldt20 best = دوسرا دور (2007, 2014, 2016) | h_pattern_la = _darkgreen_border | h_pattern_b = _collar | h_pattern_ra = _darkgreen_border | h_pattern_pants = | h_leftarm = FFFFFF | h_body = FFFFFF | h_rightarm = FFFFFF | h_pants = FFFFFF | a_pattern_la = _redborder | a_pattern_b = _ban_odi_26 | a_pattern_ra = _redborder | a_pattern_pants = _redsides | a_leftarm = 004931 | a_body = 004931 | a_rightarm = 004931 | a_pants = 004931 | t_pattern_la = _ban_t20i25 | t_pattern_b = _ban_t20i25 | t_pattern_ra = _ban_t20i25 | t_pattern_pants = _redsides | t_leftarm = FF0000 | t_body = FF0000 | t_rightarm = FF0000 | t_pants = 004931 | asofdate = 13 نومبر 2016 }} '''بنگلہ دیش قومی کرکٹ ٹیم''' ({{lang-bn|বাংলাদেশ জাতীয় ক্রিকেট দল}}) جسنوں کہ 'ٹائیگرز' وی کیہا جاندا ہے، اک قومی [[کرکٹ]] ٹیم ہے جو [[بنگلہ دیش]] لئی انٹرنیشنل پدھر 'تے کرکٹ کھیڈدی ہے۔ اس ٹیم دا دیکھ-ریکھ دی ذمہ واری [[بنگلہ دیش کرکٹ بورڈ]] کردا ہے۔ بنگلہ دیش کرکٹ ٹیم [[انٹرنیشنل کرکٹ کونسل]] دی پوری میمبر ہے اتے ایہہ ٹیم [[ٹیسٹ کرکٹ]]، [[ون ڈے انٹرنیشنل]] اتے [[ٹونٹی ٹونٹی|ٹونٹی ٹونٹی انٹرنیشنل]] کرکٹ کھیڈدی ہے۔ اس ٹیم نے نومبر 2000 وچّ [[بھارتی کرکٹ ٹیم]] خلاف [[ڈھاکا]] وکھے اپنا پہلا [[ٹیسٹ کرکٹ|ٹیسٹ میچ]] کھیڈیا سی۔ ٹیسٹ کرکٹ کھیڈن والی ایہہ دسویں قومی ٹیم سی۔ 31 مارچ 1986 نوں بنگلہ دیش دی کرکٹ ٹیم نے [[پاکستان کرکٹ ٹیم]] خلاف اپنا پہلا [[ون ڈے انٹرنیشنل]] میچ کھیڈیا سی، ایہہ میچ [[1986 ایشیا کپ]] وچّ ہو رہا سی۔ زیادہ سماں بنگلہ دیش وچّ [[فٹ بال]] بہت پرچلت رہی اتے [[کرکٹ]] صرف شہری علاقےآں وچّ ہی کھیڈی جاندی سی۔ 1990 دے دہاکے وچّ کرکٹ نے فٹ بال مقابلے کافی لوک-پریتا حاصل کر لئی۔ [[File:Bangladesh national cricket team 1986.jpg|300px|thumb|بنگلہ دیش دی کرکٹ ٹیم نے 1986 ایشیا کپ دوران اپنا پہلا [[ون ڈے انٹرنیشنل|اوڈیائی]] میچ کھیڈیا]] 1997 وچّ بنگلہ دیش نے [[ملائشیا]] وچّ ہو رہی آئی سی سی ٹرافی جت لئی سی اتے ورلڈ کپ کھیڈن لئی کوالیفائی کیتا۔ اس توں بعد ایہہ ٹیم نے پہلی وار 1999 کرکٹ ورلڈ کپ وچّ حصہ لیا، ایہہ ورلڈ کپ [[انگلینڈ]] وچّ ہو رہا سی۔ اتھے اس ٹیم نے [[پاکستان کرکٹ ٹیم]] نوں ہرا دتا اتے سکاٹلینڈ کرکٹ ٹیم نوں ہرا دتا۔ پھر 26 جون 2000 نوں بنگلہ دیش نوں آئی سی سی دی پوری میمبری مل گئی سی۔ بنگلہ دیش دی ٹیم دے نام لما سماں ٹیسٹ کرکٹ (21, 2000 توں 2002 وچکار) وچّ اتے اک دنا انٹرنیشنل(23, 2001 توں 2004 وچکار) وچّ لگاتار ہارن دا ریکارڈ ہے۔ آئی سی سی دی میمبری ملن توں بعد 1999 کرکٹ ورلڈ کپ توں لے کے 2004 وچکار اس ٹیم نوں اوڈیائی جت دا کافی انتظار کرنا پیا۔ ایہہ ٹیم لمبا سماں ہار نال جوجھ رہی سی، سو اس موقعے ہی زمبابوے دی ٹیم خلاف بنگلہ دیش نے اپنی پہلی ٹیسٹ کرکٹ جت حاصل کیتی اتے اس سیریز دا اگلا ٹیسٹ میچ ڈراء (برابر) رہا۔ سو اس لئی ایہہ بنگلہ دیش دی ٹیم دی پہلی جتی گئی سیریز سی۔ پھر 2009 وچّ ایہہ ٹیم [[ویسٹ انڈیز]] کھیڈن گئی اتے اتھے اس ٹیم نے دو ٹیسٹ جتے اتے ایہہ ودیشی دھرتی 'تے اس ٹیم دی پہلی سیریز جت سی۔ 30 اکتوبر 2016 تکّ بنگلہ دیش دی ٹیم نے 95 ٹیسٹ کرکٹ میچ کھیڈے ہن، جنھا وچوں اس ٹیم نے صرف 8 ٹیسٹ کرکٹ میچ جتے ہن۔ اس ٹیم نے پہلی جت زمبابوے خلاف درج کیتی، اگلیاں دو جتاں اس ٹیم نے ویسٹ انڈیز خلاف درج کیتیاں۔ اس ٹیم نے زیادہتر میچ ڈراء کھیڈے ہن۔<ref name="Testlist">{{citation |url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/statsguru/engine/team/25.html?class=1;template=results;type=team;view=results |title=Statsguru&nbsp;– Bangladesh&nbsp;– Test matches&nbsp;– Team analysis |publisher=Cricinfo |accessdate=30 اکتوبر 2016}}</ref> بنگلہ دیش دی ایہہ کرکٹ ٹیم [[ون ڈے انٹرنیشنل|اوڈیائی]] میچاں وچّ ودھیرے سفل رہی ہے، اس ٹیم نے 318 وچوں 101 میچ جتے ہن۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/team/25.html?class=2;template=results;type=team;view=results |title=Statsguru&nbsp;– Bangladesh&nbsp;– ODI matches&nbsp;– Team analysis |publisher=Cricinfo |accessdate=12 اکتوبر 2016}}</ref>اس توں علاوہ اس ٹیم نے 62 [[ٹونٹی ٹونٹی|ٹونٹی20]] میچ کھیڈے ہن، جنھا وچوں 20 جتے ہن۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/team/25.html?class=3;template=results;type=team;view=results |title=Statsguru&nbsp;– Bangladesh&nbsp;– T20I matches&nbsp;– Team analysis |publisher=Cricinfo |accessdate=26 مارچ 2016}}</ref> اس سمیں بنگلہ دیش کرکٹ ٹیم ٹیسٹ کرکٹ درجابندی وچّ نوویں ستھان 'تے اتے ون ڈے انٹرنیشنل میچاں وچّ اس ٹیم دا درجابندی وچّ ستھان ستواں ہے۔ اس توں علاوہ ٹونٹی20 کرکٹ درجابندی وچّ اس ٹیم دا ستھان دسواں ہے۔<ref name="ICCrankings">{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/rankings/content/page/211271.html |title=ICC rankings - ICC Test, ODI and Twenty20 rankings |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |accessdate=30 اکتوبر 2016}}</ref> ==کرکٹ ریکارڈ== ===ٹیسٹ میچ=== * ٹیم دا اچتم سکور: 638 ورودھی سری لنکا، 8-12 مارچ 2013 نوں گالے انٹرنیشنل سٹیڈیم، گالے خلاف * اچتم نجی سکور اک واری وچّ: 206, [[تمیم اقبال]] خلاف [[پاکستان کرکٹ ٹیم|پاکستان]]، 28 اپریل-2 مئی 2015 نوں شیخ ابو ناصر سٹیڈیم، کھلنا وکھے * سبھ توں زیادہ نجی سکور اک میچ وچّ: 231, [[تمیم اقبال]] (25 اتے 206) [[پاکستان کرکٹ ٹیم|پاکستان]] خلاف، 28 اپریل-2 مئی 2015 نوں شیخ ابو ناصر سٹیڈیم کھلنا وکھے * سرووتم گیندبازی پرفارمنس اک واری وچّ: 8/39, 'تیجل اسلام' خلاف 'زمبابوے'، 25-27 اکتوبر 2014 نوں [[شیر بنگال نیشنل کرکٹ سٹیڈیم]]، [[ڈھاکا]] وکھے * سرووتم گیندبازی پردرشن اک میچ وچّ: 12/159, 'مہدی حسن مراز' خلاف 'انگلینڈ'، 28-30 اکتوبر 2016 نوں [[شیر بنگال نیشنل کرکٹ سٹیڈیم]]، [[ڈھاکا]] وکھے ==حوالے== {{حوالے}} [[گٹھ:قومی کرکٹ ٹیماں]] [[گٹھ:بنگلہ دیش]] [[گٹھ:کرکٹ]] rm9f7vqmq7lkwld60gilr3yw37rspq6 0 66136 707408 686452 2026-05-28T10:48:21Z CommonsDelinker 60 Replacing President_Ronald_Reagan,_Nancy_Reagan,_Rajiv_Gandhi,_and_Sonia_Gandhi.jpg with [[File:President_Ronald_Reagan_Nancy_Reagan_Rajiv_Gandhi_and_Mrs_Gandhi_in_The_Yellow_Oval_Room_During_a_State_Dinner_for_Prime_Minister_Rajiv_Gandhi_of_India_-_DPLA_ 707408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder |birth_name = ایڈویج انتونیا البرینا مینو |honorific-suffix = [[ممبر لوک سبھا]] |image = Sonia Gandhi (cropped).jpg |signature = Signature of Sonia Gandhi.svg |office = [[قومی مشاورتی کونسل دے چیئرمین]] |term_start = 29 مارچ 2010 |term_end = 25 مئی 2014 |term_start1 = 4جون 2004 |term_end1 = 23مارچ 2006 |office2 = [[متحدہ پروگریج الائنس دے چیئرمین]] |term_start2 = 16 مئی 2004 |term_end2 = |successor2 =[[لعل کرشن ایڈوانی]] |office5 = [[لوک سبھا|ممبر لوک سبھا]] <br />[[رائے بریلی لوک سبھا حلقہ]] |term_start5 = 17 مئی 2004 |term_end5 = |predecessor5 = [[ستیش شرما]] |successor5 = |office6 = [[لوک سبھا|ممبر لوک سبھا]] <br />[[امیٹھی لوک سبھا حلقہ]] |term_start6 = 10 اکتوبر 1999 |term_end6 = 17 مئی 2004 |predecessor6 = [[سنجے گاندھی]] |successor6 = [[راہل گاندھی]] |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|12|9|df=y}} |birth_place = [[لوسيانا]], [[وینیٹو]], [[اٹلی]] |death_date = |death_place = |party = [[انڈین نیشنل کانگریس]] |citizenship = اٹلی {{small|(1946–1983)}}<br>بھارتی {{small|(1983–آج تک)}} |religion = [[کیتھولک چرچ|رومن کیتھولک ازم]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-26830531|title=Profile: Sonia Gandhi|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/by-stressing-hindu-values-sonia-gandhi-enhances-personal-acceptability-and-congress-appeal/1/253057.html|title=By stressing Hindu values Sonia Gandhi enhances personal acceptability and Congress appeal : NATION - India Today|work=intoday.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Sonia Gandhi: Tryst with India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=26flsWUf8fkC&pg=PA1&lpg=PA1&dq=sonia+gandhi+is+a+roman+catholic&source=bl&ots=BYkMZpoO1D&sig=nEWOvbo-GnQuJSsH1oJ0Y_XPAtI&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KP-CVKnyHca9mgW_3IKwBA&ved=0CFwQ6AEwCTgK#v=onepage&q=sonia%20gandhi%20is%20a%20roman%20catholic&f=false|author=N. I. Sarkar}}</ref> |relations = ''See [[نہرو-گاندھی خاندان]]'' |alma_mater = [[بیل تعلیمی ٹرسٹ]] |spouse = {{marriage|[[راجیو گاندھی]]|1968|1991|end=died}} |children = {{hlist|[[راہل گاندھی]]|[[پریانکا گاندھی]]}} |residence =10جنپتھ نئی دہلی |website = }} [[تصویر:Gandhisonia05052007.jpg|framepx|thumb|left|سونیا گاندھی]] [[تصویر:Sonia Gandhi.jpg|250px|thumbnail|left|سونیا گاندھی 2009 وچ]] '''سونیا گاندھی''' (جم: [[9 دسمبر]]، [[1946]]<ref>[http://archives.digitaltoday.in/indiatoday/20050117/cover3.html INDIA TODAY – The most widely read newsweekly in South Asia]۔ Archives.digitaltoday.in. Retrieved on 9 دسمبر 2011.</ref> جم نام: Antonia Edvige Albina Maino <small>([[اطالوی بولی|اطالوی]])</small><ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/225270/Sonia-Gandhi Sonia Gandhi]۔ Britannica. Retrieved on 9 دسمبر 2011.</ref><ref>[http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=130 Lok Sabha]۔ Retrieved on 9 دسمبر 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite book|coauthors=Paranjoy Guha Thakurta, Shankar Raghuraman|title=Divided we stand: India in a time of coalitions |publisher=Los Angeles : SAGE Publications, 2007.|year=2007|page=148|isbn= 978-0-7619-3663-3}}</ref>) اک اطالوی-بھارتی نیتا اے اتے [[انڈین نیشنل کانگرس]] دی پرمکھ اے۔<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Fourth-time-in-a-row-Sonia-Gandhi-is-Congress-chief/articleshow/6487821.cms Fourth time in a row, Sonia Gandhi is Congress chief]۔ Timesofindia.indiatimes.com (4 ستمبر 2010)۔ Retrieved on 9 دسمبر 2011.</ref> اسدے نال ہی اوہ 14وی لوک سبھا وچ نہیں صرف کانگرس دی بلکہ ینائٹیڈ پروگریسو الائنس دی وی پرمکھ اے۔ اوہ [[راجیو گاندھی]] دی بیواہ اے۔ ویاہ توں پہلے اوہناں دا نام سونیا میناں سی۔ اوہناں دا جم ٹرن، [[اٹلی]] ول 8 کہ۔می۔ دے انتر اتے ستھتؤربسانو وچ ہویا سی۔ راجیو گاندھی دے نال اوہناں دی ملاقات ادوں ہوئی جدوں راجیو [[کیمبرج یونیورسٹی|کیمبرج]] وچ پڑھن گئے سن۔ اوہناں دی ویاہ 1968 وچ ہوئی جسدے بعد اوہ [[بھارت]] وچ رہن لگی۔ == مڈھلا جیون == '''سونیا گاندھی''' (ولادت: 9 دسمبر 1946ء [[لوسیانا]]، [[اطالیہ]]) اک [[اطالیہ|اطالوی]] نژاد بھارتی [[سیاست دان]]، [[انڈین نیشنل کانگریس]] د‏‏ی [[انڈین نیشنل کانگریس دے صدور د‏‏ی لسٹ|صدر]] تے [[نہرو گاندھی خاندان]] د‏‏ی اک رکن ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ انہاں د‏‏ی شادی [[بھارت دا وزیر اعظم|سابق وزیر اعظم بھارت]] [[راجیو گاندھی]] تو‏ں ہوئی۔ 1998ء وچ انہاں دے شوہر دے قتل دے 7 برس بعد انہاں نو‏‏ں انڈین نیشنل کانگریس دا صدر بنایا گیا، اس عہدے اُتے اوہ 19 برس (16 دسمبر 2017ء تک) رني‏‏‏‏ں۔ ايس‏ے عرصہ وچ کانگریس بھارتی سیاست وچ مرکزی جماعت د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں سامنے آئی۔{{efn|Sources describing Gandhi's advocacy for a center-left position and the party's reaffirmation to the Ideology.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/sonia-gandhi-congress-president-rahul-gandhi-politics-4983911/|title=Sonia Gandhi retires as Congress president, to remain active in politics|work=[[انڈین ایکسپریس]]|date=15 دسمبر 2017|accessdate=15 دسمبر 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/as-sonia-gandhi-makes-way-4984673/ |title=As Sonia Gandhi makes way|last=Chowdhary|first=Neerja|work=[[انڈین ایکسپریس]]|date=16 دسمبر 2017|accessdate=19 دسمبر 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://m.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sonia-gandhi-s-19-years-as-congress-president-from-husband-rajiv-s-death-to-son-rahul-s-elevation/story-nmW3hNiG2zDo6abGYc38YO.html|title=Sonia Gandhi’s 19 years as Congress president: From husband Rajiv’s death to son Rahul’s elevation|last=Naqshbandi|first=Aurangzeb|work=[[ہندوستان ٹائمز]]|date=16 دسمبر 2017|accessdate=20 دسمبر 2017|archivedate=2019-09-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916034748/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sonia-gandhi-s-19-years-as-congress-president-from-husband-rajiv-s-death-to-son-rahul-s-elevation/story-nmW3hNiG2zDo6abGYc38YO.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-election-gandhi/sonia-gandhi-keeps-congress-hopes-alive-in-india-polls-idUSTRE53D1XH20090414 |title=Sonia Gandhi keeps Congress hopes alive in India polls|last=Chandra|first=Rina|publisher=[[روئٹرز]]|date=14 اپریل 2009|accessdate=19 دسمبر 2017}}</ref>}} ان د‏‏ی ولادت [[ویچینسا]] دے نیڑے اک چھوٹے تو‏ں پنڈ وچ اک [[مسیحی]] [[کاتھولک کلیسیا]] خاندان وچ ہوئی۔ علاقائی اسکول وچ تعلیم مکمل کرنے دے بعد [[اعلیٰ تعلیم]] دے لئی [[کیمبرج]] چلی گئياں جتھ‏ے انہاں د‏‏ی ملاقات [[راجیو گاندھی]] تو‏ں ہوئی۔ راجیو تو‏ں انہاں د‏‏ی شادی 1968ء وچ ہوئی۔ [[بھارت]] وچ منتقل ہونے دے بعد انھاں نے بھارتی شہریت حاصل کيتی تے اپنی ساس [[اندرا گاندھی]] دے نال [[نويں دہلی]] وچ رہائش اختیار کيتی۔ اندرا گاندھی اس وقت بھارت د‏‏ی [[وزیر اعظم]] سن۔ انہاں تمام خاندانی اثر و رسوخ دے باوجود سونیا گاندھی نمود و نمائش تے عوام د‏‏ی نظر تو‏ں دور ہی رہدیاں سن۔ حتی کہ اس وقت وی جدو‏ں انہاں دے شوہر بھارت دے وزیر اعظم سن ۔ شوہر راجیو گاندھی دے قتل دے بعد سونیا گاندھی نو‏‏ں کانگریس دے ارکان نے جماعت وچ مدعو کيتا تے منصب صدارت د‏‏ی پیشکش کیت‏‏ی جسنو‏ں انھاں نے قبول نئيں کيتا۔ 1997ء وچ انھاں نے سیاست وچ شامل ہونے دا فیصلہ کيتا اورتاحال اوہ سیاست وچ سرگرم ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ 1998ء وچ انہاں نو‏‏ں [[انڈین نیشنل کانگریس دے صدور د‏‏ی لسٹ|صدر انڈاں نیشنل کانگریس]] بنایا گیا۔ انھاں نے جماعت د‏‏ی صدارت دے اس انتخاب وچ [[جیتیندر پرساد]] نو‏‏ں شکست دتی تھی۔{{efn|Sources describing Gandhi's initial reluctance and eventual election.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/24/world/assassination-india-sonia-gandhi-declines-invitation-assume-husband-s-party-post.html|title=Assassination In India; Sonia Gandhi Declines Invitation To Assume Husband's Party Post|last=Weinraub|first=Bernard|work=[[نیو یارک ٹائمز]]|date=24 مئی 1991|accessdate=25 مئی 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/sonia-gandhi-re-elected-congress-president/301022|title=Sonia Gandhi re-elected Congress President|work=[[آؤٹ لک]]|date=25 مارچ 2005|accessdate=21 نومبر 2017}}</ref><ref name=elections.in>{{cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/political-leaders/sonia-gandhi.html|title=Sonia Gandhi Biography|publisher=Elections in India|accessdate=24 مئی 2014}}</ref>}} انہاں د‏‏ی صدارت وچ کانگریس 2004ء وچ حکومت وچ آئی۔ حالانکہ ایہ اتحادی حکومت سی جس وچ مرکزی تے سجے باوز د‏‏ی جماعتاں شامل سن۔ ایہ اتحاد [[متحدہ ترقی پسند اتحاد]] کہلیایا۔ 2009ء وچ دوبارہ اس اتحاد نے کامیابی حاصل کيتی تے گزشتہ د‏‏ی طرح اس بار وی سونیا گاندھی نے وزارت عظمی دا عہدہ قبول نئيں کيتا۔ حالانکہ انھاں نے [[نیشل اڈوائزری کونسل]] د‏‏ی صدارت بحسن و خوبی انجام دی۔{{efn|Sources describing Gandhi's leadership of the UPA and declining the premiership.<ref name="BBC Profile 2014" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Fourth-time-in-a-row-Sonia-Gandhi-is-Congress-chief/articleshow/6487821.cms?referral=PM|title=Fourth time in a row, Sonia Gandhi is Congress chief|work=[[دی ٹائمز آف انڈیا]]|date=4 ستمبر 2010|accessdate=25 مئی 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/specials/2007/article/0,28804,1652689_1652372_1652356,00.html|title=India's Most Influential|last=Robinson|first=Simon|work=[[ٹائم (رسالہ)|Time]]|accessdate=25 نومبر 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/node/2693501|title=Sonia: and yet so far|work=[[دی اکنامسٹ]]|date=20 مئی 2004|accessdate=25 نومبر 2017}}</ref>}} اپنی سیاسی زندگی وچ انھاں کئی منصوبے تے اڈوائزری کونسل بنائے جنہاں وچ [[حقوق پرمبنی منصوبے]] شامل نيں جداں 2005ء وچ [[قانون حق معلومات، 2005ء|قانون حق معلومات]]، [[تحفظ کھانا دا قانون]] تے 2005ء ہی وچ [[قومی پینڈو ملازمت گارنٹی قانون 2005ء|ایم جی نرے گا]] وغیرہ دے قوانین منظور کرائئے۔ [[بوفورس سکینڈل]] تے [[نیشنل ہیرالڈ معاملہ]] وچ انہاں نو‏‏ں تنقید دا سامنا وی کرنا پيا ا‏‏ے۔ انہاں دا غیر ملکی ہونا وی بحث تے تنقید دا موضوع رہیا اے ۔{{efn|Sources discussing the welfare schemes and controversies.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/movements-and-governments-sonia-gandhi-4983273/|title=Movements and governments|last=Roy|first=Aruna|work=[[دی انڈین ایکسپریس]]|accessdate=15 دسمبر 2017|date=15 دسمبر 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/end-of-the-longest-regency/299576|title=End of the longest regency|work=[[آؤٹ لک]]|date=4 دسمبر 2017|accessdate=25 نومبر 2017}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1020830/asp/nation/story_1151052.asp|title=BJP sees Gujarat ammo in Sonia origins|date=30 اگست 2002|work=The Telegraph|accessdate=2 فروری 2010|location=Calcutta, India|first=Radhika|last=Ramaseshan}}</ref>}} یو پی اے حکومت دے دوسرے نصف وچ صحت دے مسائل د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں سونیا گاندھی د‏‏ی سیاست وچ فعالیت کم ہوئے گئی تے 2017ء وچ انھاں نے یو پی اے د‏‏ی صدارت تو‏ں وی استعفی دے دتا۔ لیکن جماعت د‏‏ی پارلیمانی کمیٹی د‏‏ی صدر بنی رني‏‏‏‏ں۔ حالانکہ انھاں نے کدی کوئی حکومت‏ی عہدہ نئيں سنبھالیا مگر انہاں نو‏‏ں ملک د‏‏ی سب تو‏ں طاقتور سیاست دان منیا جاندا رہیا ا‏‏ے۔ تے اکثر انہاں نو‏‏ں دنیا د‏‏ی طاقتور ترین خواتین وچ شمار کيتا جاندا رہیا اے ۔{{efn|Sources discussing the listing.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/india/the-sonia-gandhi-years-and-what-rahul-gandhi-can-learn/articleshow/61062696.cms|title=The Sonia Gandhi years and what Rahul Gandhi can learn|last=Manoj|first=CL|work=[[دی ٹائمز آف انڈیا]]|accessdate=25 نومبر 2017|date=13 اکتوبر 2017}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/sonia-gandhi-health-mystery-sets-india-leadership-adrift|title=Sonia Gandhi Health Mystery Sets India Leadership Adrift|last=Riedel|first=Bruce|work=[[The Daily Beast]]|accessdate=25 نومبر 2017|date=24 جون 2012}}</ref><ref name="SandbrookGüven">{{cite book|author1=Richard Sandbrook|author2=Ali Burak Güven|title=Civilizing Globalization, Revised and Expanded Edition: A Survival Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=asKIAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA77|date=1 جون 2014|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=978-1-4384-5209-8|pages=77–}}</ref>}} [[File:Sonia Gandhi birthplace.JPG|left|thumb|upright=0.6|سونیا گاندھی دا جم ستھان]] سونیئا مانیو<ref name="vera">{{cite web|url=http://m.indiatoday.in/story/sonia-gandhi-the-maino-girl-who-kept-her-tryst-with-destiny-in-india/1/194441.html|title=Sonia Gandhi: The Maino girl who kept her tryst with destiny in India|last=Schiavazzi|first=Vera|work=[[India Today]]|date=17 جنوری 2005|accessdate=19 نومبر 2017}}</ref> دا جم 9 دسمبر، 1946 نوں سٹیفنو اتے پاؤلا مانیو دے گھر لوسیانا، [[اٹلی]] وکھے ہویا|اسنے پرائمری دی سکھیا مقامی کیتھولک سکول وچوں حاصل کیتی|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radiopopolare.it/trasmissioni/onde-road/magnetofono/07112009-lindia-di-sonia-gandhi/stampa.html|title=Pictures from the book-biography "The Red sari" by Javier Moro|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728000421/http://www.radiopopolare.it/trasmissioni/onde-road/magnetofono/07112009-lindia-di-sonia-gandhi/stampa.html |archivedate=28 جولائی 2011|publisher=[[Radio Popolare]]|accessdate=9 دسمبر 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geneall.net/I/per_page.php?id=510128|title=Edvige Antonia Albina Maino|publisher=[[Geneall]]|accessdate=19 نومبر 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ilgiornaledivicenza.it/stories/Home/92600_sonia_gandhidalla_piccola_lusiana_allindia_ecco_il_romanzo_di_una_donna_speciale/|title=Sonia Gandhi, dalla piccola Lusiana all'India ecco il romanzo di una donna speciale|work=Il Giornale di Vicenza |date=5 Oct 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614233754/http://ilgiornaledivicenza.it/stories/Home/92600_sonia_gandhidalla_piccola_lusiana_allindia_ecco_il_romanzo_di_una_donna_speciale/|archivedate=14 جون 2011}}</ref> سونیا نے اپنی جوانی نوں ٹورین نیڑے اک اؤباسانو شہر وچ بتایا اتے اک روائتی رومن کیتھولک کرشچیئن پروار وچ وڈی ہوئی| اس نے مقامی کیتھولک سکولاں وچ پرائمری سکھیا حاصل کیتی؛ بھین مرییا اسدے مڈھلے استاداں وچوں اک سی، اسدی استاد مرییا نے سونیا نوں "محنتی چھوٹی کڑی" کیہا کیونکہ اوہ لوڑھ توں وی ودھ پڑھدی سی۔<ref name="vera" /> سٹیپھانو، جو اک بلڈنگ مستری سن، نے اؤباسانو وچ اک چھوٹا جیہا اساری دا کاروبار قائم کیتا۔<ref name="laiq">{{cite web|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?205112|title=Meeting Mr Maino|last=Laiq|first=Jawid|work=[[Outlook (magazine)|Outlook]]|accessdate=19 جولائی 2013|date=23 فروری 1998|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426214358/http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?205112|archivedate=26 اپریل 2014}}</ref> == ابتدائی حالات == [[فائل:Sonia Gandhi birthplace.JPG|کھبے|thumb|upright=0.6|Sonia Gandhi's birthplace, 31, Contrada Maini (Maini street)، [[لوسیانا]]، Italy (the house on the right)]] سونیا مائنو <ref name="حوالہ1">{{cite web|url=http://m.indiatoday.in/story/sonia-gandhi-the-maino-girl-who-kept-her-tryst-with-destiny-in-india/1/194441.html|title=Sonia Gandhi: The Maino girl who kept her tryst with destiny in India|last=Schiavazzi|first=Vera|work=[[انڈیا ٹوڈے]]|date=17 جنوری 2005|accessdate=19 نومبر 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175406/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20050117-sonia-gandhi-the-maino-girl-who-kept-her-tryst-with-destiny-in-india-788413-2005-01-17|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> د‏‏ی ولادت 9 دسمبر 1946ء نو‏‏ں سٹیفانو تے پاولا ماینو دے گھر [[ویچینسا]]، [[وینیٹو]]، [[اطالیہ]] دے 30 کلو میٹر دور لوزیانا نامی پنڈ وچ ہوئی۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radiopopolare.it/trasmissioni/onde-road/magnetofono/07112009-lindia-di-sonia-gandhi/stampa.html|title=Pictures from the book-biography "The Red sari" by Javier Moro|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728000421/http://www.radiopopolare.it/trasmissioni/onde-road/magnetofono/07112009-lindia-di-sonia-gandhi/stampa.html |archivedate=28 جولائ‏ی 2011|publisher=[[Radio Popolare]]|accessdate=9 دسمبر 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ilgiornaledivicenza.it/stories/Home/92600_sonia_gandhidalla_piccola_lusiana_allindia_ecco_il_romanzo_di_una_donna_speciale/|title=Sonia Gandhi, dalla piccola Lusiana all'India ecco il romanzo di una donna speciale|work=Il Giornale di Vicenza |date=5 Oct 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614233754/http://ilgiornaledivicenza.it/stories/Home/92600_sonia_gandhidalla_piccola_lusiana_allindia_ecco_il_romanzo_di_una_donna_speciale/|archivedate=14 جون 2011}}</ref> انہاں دا بچپن [[تورینو]] دے نیڑے [[اورباسانو]] نامی قصبہ وچ گزریا تے انہاں نے [[کاتھولک کلیسیا]] مذہب اختیار کيتا۔ انہاں نے کاتھولک اسکول وچ ہی بنیادی تعلیم حاصل کيتی ، انہاں د‏‏ی بچپن د‏‏ی اک استادہ سسٹر ماریہ انہاں دے بارے وچ کہندی نيں “ اوہ بچپن تو‏ں ہی محن‏‏تی لڑکيت‏ی سی جو اِنّا ہی پڑھدی سی جِنّی ضرورت ہُندی تھی۔“ <ref name="حوالہ1" /> اسٹیفانو اوربیسانو وچ اک معمار سن ۔<ref name="حوالہ2">{{cite web|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?205112|title=Meeting Mr Maino|last=Laiq|first=Jawid|work=[[آؤٹ لک]]|accessdate=19 جولائ‏ی 2013|date=23 فروری 1998|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426214358/http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?205112|archivedate=26 اپریل 2014}}</ref> انہاں نے [[دوسری جنگ عظیم]] وچ [[ہٹلر]] دے نال[[سوویت افواج]] دے خلاف جنگ لڑی تھی۔وہ [[بینیٹو موسولینی]] تے [[نیشنل فاسسٹ پارٹی]] دے بہت وفادار سن ۔<ref name="حوالہ2" /> سونیا د‏‏ی وڈی بہن دا ناں نادیہ ناں سی۔ انہاں دے والد د‏‏ی وفات 1983ء وچ ہوئی۔ سونیا د‏‏ی بہناں نيں جو ماں دے نال اوربیسانو وچ مقیم ني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3714047.stm Italy heralds 'first woman PM'] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306041733/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3714047.stm|date=6 مارچ 2016}}; retrieved 18 جولائ‏ی 2007.</ref> 13 سال د‏‏ی عمر وچ سونیا دا اسکوم مکمل ہوئے گیا؛ انہاں دے حتمی رپورٹ کارڈ درج اے “ ذہین، محن‏‏تی تے ----ہائی اسکول وچ استاداں دا ناں روشن کرن گی۔ “ان نو‏‏ں ہوائی جہاز مضیف بننے دا شوق سی۔<ref name="حوالہ1" /> 1964ء وچ [[کیمبرج]] وچ انہاں نے [[انگریزی زبان]] د‏‏ی تعلیم حاصل کرنے دے لئی [[بیل ایجوکیشنل ٹرسٹ]] وچ داخلہ لیا۔ اس دے اگلے انہاں د‏‏ی ملاقات اک مطعم وچ راجیو گاندھی تو‏ں ہوئی جتھ‏ے اوہ پارٹ ٹائم بطور ویٹر کم کررہیاں سن۔ اس وقت انہاں دا داخلہ [[جامعی کیمبرج]] دے [[ٹرینیٹی کالج، کیمبرج]] انجینیرنگ وچ ہوئے گیا سی۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/asia/covers/501040524/story.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604080555/http://www.time.com/time/asia/covers/501040524/story.html|archivedate=4 جون 2011|title=The Sonia Shock|first=Alex|last=Perry|date=17 مئی 2004|work=[[ٹائم (رسالہ)|Time]]|accessdate=12 جون 2009}}</ref> اس حوالہ تو‏ں ٹائمز لندن خبر دیندا اے “ محترمہ گاندھی 1965ء وچ کیمبرج دے اک بولی دے اسکول وچ 18 سال د‏‏ی طالبہ سن جتھ‏ے انہاں د‏‏ی ملاقات اک خوبصورت انجیرنگ دے طالبعلم تو‏ں ہوئی“ <ref>{{citation|title=From waitress to world leader|url=http://rediff.com/election/2004/may/17sonia.htm|publisher=Rediff|date=17 مئی 2004}}</ref> دونے نے 1965ء وچ شادی کرلئی، انہاں ی شادی [[ہندو]] رسم و رواج دے مطابق ہوئی تے اس دے بعد اوہ اپنی ساس تے وقت د‏‏ی وزیر اعظم [[اندرا گاندھی]] دے نال رہنے دے لئی [[بھارت]] منتقل ہوگئياں۔و272 <ref>{{cite news |author=<!-- Staff writer(s); no by-line. --> |title=Profile: Sonia Gandhi |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-26830531 |publisher=[[بی بی سی نیوز]] |location= |date=16 مئی 2014 |access-date=21 مئی 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175439/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-26830531%20 |archivedate=2019-01-10 |url-status=live}}</ref> سونیا گاندھی نو‏‏ں دو اولاداں ہوئیاں۔بیٹا [[راہل گاندھی]] 1970ء وچ جنمے تے بیٹی [[پرینکا گاندھی]] د‏‏ی پیدائش 1972ء وچ ہوئی۔ [[نہرو گاندھی خاندان]] نال تعلق رکھنے دے باوجود سونیا تے راجیو نے سیاست تو‏ں وکھ رہنے دا فیصلہ کيتا۔ راجیو بحییثیت پائلٹ اک طیارہ د‏‏ی کمپنی وچ کم کردے سن جدو‏ں کہ سونیا نے خاندان د‏‏ی دیکھ ریکھ کيتی۔ انہاں نے اپنی ساس اندرا گاندھی دے نال کافی عرصہ گزاریا۔ راجیو نے ا982ء وچ سیاست وچ قدم رکھیا جدو‏ں انہاں دے وڈے بھائی [[سنجے گاندھی]] د‏‏ی 23 جون 1977ء نو‏‏ں اک طیارہ حادثہ وچ وفات ہوئے چک‏ی سی۔ سونیا اس دے بعد وی خاندان وچ مشغول رہیاں تے عوام د‏‏ی نظراں تو‏ں دور رني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1612/16120300.htm|title=Citizen Sonia|last=Venkatesan|first=V.|work=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]|date=5 جون 1999|accessdate=30 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175337/https://frontline.thehindu.com/static/html/fl1612/16120300.htm%20/|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> == سیاسی جیون == بھارتی عوامی جیون وچ سونیا گاندھی دی شمولیت اس دی سسّ دے قتل اتے وزیر اعظم دے طور اُتے اپنے شوہر دی چون دے بعد ہوئی سی|وزیر اعظم دی بیوی ہون دے ناطے اوہ اسدی (اپنے شوہر) سرکاری ہوسٹیس دے طور اُتے کم کردی سی اتے کئی سرکاری دوریاں تے وی اپنے شوہر نال گئی سی۔<ref>{{cite web|author=Rasheeda Bhagat|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/life/sonia-gandhi-ordinary-italian-to-powerful-indian/article2573884.ece|title=Sonia Gandhi: Ordinary Italian to powerful Indian|publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com|accessdate=11 مارچ 2014}}</ref>[[بھاجپا]] نے الزام لگایا اے کہ اوہ اپریل، 1983 وچ بھارتی قانون دی النگھنا وچ،بھارتی شہریت لین توں پہلاں نویں [[دلی]] وچ ووٹراں دی لسٹ وچ ظاہر ہوئی سی۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://expressindia.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19990512/ipo12039.html|title=BJP accuses Sonia of flouting law|date=12 مئی 1999|work=The Indian Express|accessdate=12 اپریل 2011}}</ref><ref name="hinduonnet.com" />1991 وچ [[راجیو گاندھی]] دے قتل مگروں سونیا گاندھی نے وزیر اعظم بنن لئی انکار کر دتا| پارٹی نے [[پی وی نرسنہما راؤ|پی۔ وی۔ نرسمہا]] دی چون کیتی ، جو نیتا بنے اتے بعد وچ وزیر اعظم بنے۔کانگرس پارٹی دے کئی سینئر لیڈراں،مادھوَ راؤ سندھیا، راجیش پائلٹ، نرائن دتّ تواڑی، ارجن سنگھ، ممتا بینرجی، جی۔ کے۔ موپنار، پی۔ چدمبرم اتے جینتی نٹراجن نے سیتا رام کیسری دے خلاف بغاوت کیتی اتے جنہاں وچوں کئیاں نے پارٹی چھڈّ دتی، کانگرس پارٹی نوں کئی دھڑیاں وچ ونڈ دتا|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-the-sitaram-kesri-case-how-dynasty-trumped-ethics-1564149 |title=The Sitaram Kesri case: How dynasty trumped ethics &#124; Latest News & Updates at |work=Daily News & Analysis |date=10 جولائی 2011|accessdate=30 مئی 2014}}</ref>1999 وچ 13 ویں لوک سبھا وچ مخالف دھر دے آگو وجوں سونیا گاندھی دی چون ہوئی |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=130|title=Detailed Profile – Smt. Sonia Gandhi – Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha)|publisher=Archive.india.gov.in|accessdate=11 مارچ 2014|archive-date=2014-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302234504/http://archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=130|dead-url=yes}}</ref> === وزیر اعظم د‏‏ی اہلیہ === [[فائل:President Ronald Reagan Nancy Reagan Rajiv Gandhi and Mrs Gandhi in The Yellow Oval Room During a State Dinner for Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi of India - DPLA - 77b6a13d5778c7858426fc4fcd08d95b.jpg|thumb|کھبے|President Ronald Reagan, Sonia Gandhi, First Lady Nancy Reagan and Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, during a state dinner for Prime Minister Gandhi. جون 1985.]] بھارت د‏‏ی عوامی زندگی وچ دخل اندازی اس وقت شروع ہوئی جدو‏ں اندرا گاندھی د‏‏ی وفات ہوئی تے راجیو گاندھی وزیر اعظم بنے۔ بحیثیت اہلیہ وزیر اعظم انہاں نے سرکاری مہماناں د‏‏ی ضیافت د‏‏ی تے انہاں دے نال سرکاری اسفار اُتے گئياں۔<ref>{{cite web|author=Rasheeda Bhagat|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/life/sonia-gandhi-ordinary-italian-to-powerful-indian/article2573884.ece|title=Sonia Gandhi: Ordinary Italian to powerful Indian|publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com|accessdate=11 مارچ 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175543/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/variety/sonia-gandhi-ordinary-italian-to-powerful-indian/article23031407.ece|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> 1984ء وچ انہاں نے اپنے شوہر د‏‏ی سالی [[مینکا گاندھی]] دے خلاف مہم وچ حصہ لیا جو [[امیٹھی]] وچ راجیو گاندھی دے خلاف لڑ رہیاں سن۔ دفتر مین راجیو گاندھی دے پنج سال مکمل ہونے دے بعد بوفورس اسکینڈل سامنے آیا، اک اطاوی تاجر اوٹاویو قواٹروچی دا ناں وی سامنے آیا جو سونیا گاندھی دا دوست دسیا جاندا سی تے ا س نو‏‏ں وزیر اعظم دے رسمی گھر تک رسائی حاصل سی۔<ref>[http://in.rediff.com/news/2006/jan/17spec11.htm Who is Quattrocchi?] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423120625/http://in.rediff.com/news/2006/jan/17spec11.htm |date=23 اپریل 2016}} Retrieved 23 مارچ 2007.</ref> بی جے پی نے ایہ الزام لگایا کہ ووٹر لسٹ وچ انہاں دا ناں شہریت لینے تو‏ں پہلے ہی آگیا سی۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://expressindia.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19990512/ipo12039.html|title=BJP accuses Sonia of flouting law|date=12 مئی 1999|work=The Indian Express|accessdate=12 اپریل 2011}}</ref><ref name="حوالہ3">{{cite journal|last=Venkatesan|first=V|date=جون 1999|title=Citizen Sonia|journal=Frontline|volume=16|issue=12|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1612/16120300.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110422100148/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1612/16120300.htm|archivedate=22 اپریل 2011|accessdate=12 دسمبر 2011}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110422100148/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1612/16120300.htm |date=2011-04-22 }}</ref> سابق کانگریس رہنما تے سابق [[صدر بھارت]] [[پرنب مکھرجی]] دا کہنا اے کہ محترمہ سونیا گاندھی نے 27 اپریل 1983ء نو‏‏ں اطلاوی سفارت خانہ نو‏‏ں اطالوی پاسورٹ جمع کروادتا سی۔ 1992ء تک اطالوی قانون دوہری شہریت د‏‏ی اجازت نئيں دیندا سی۔ ايس‏ے لئی 1983ء وچ بھارتی شہریت لینے دے بعد انہاں نے خود ہی اطالوی شہریت کھو دتی سی۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archivio.trentininelmondo.it/cittadinanza/come_si_perde_en.asp|title=Citizenship: How to lose it? |publisher=Trentini Nel Mondo|accessdate=2 فروری 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107041529/http://archivio.trentininelmondo.it/cittadinanza/come_si_perde_en.asp|archivedate=7 جنوری 2012}}</ref> === صدر کانگریس === [[فائل:Vladimir Putin in India 2-5 October 2000-15.jpg|thumb|سجے|250px|Sonia Gandhi as Leader of Opposition, meeting with the [[صدر روس]] [[ولادیمیر پیوٹن]] during latter's State visit to India in اکتوبر 2000.]] [[1991ء]] وچ راجیو گاندھی دے قتل دے بعد سونیا گاندھی نے وزیر اعظم بننے تو‏ں منع کر دتا سی تب پارٹی نے [[پی وی نریسہماراؤ]] نو‏‏ں پارٹی دا لیڈر تے وزیر اعظم بنا دتا۔ اگلے چند برساں تک کانگریس اُتے قسمت مہربان نئيں رہی کیونجے لگاتار انتخابات وچ شکست مل رہی سی تے موجودہ صدر [[سیتارام کیسری]] دے خلاف متعدد سینیر لیڈر جداں [[مادھو راو سندھیا]]، [[راجش پائلٹ]]، [[نارائن دت تیواری]]، [[ارجن سنگھ]]، [[ممتا بنرجی]]، [[جی دے موپانار]]، [[پی چدمبرم]] اور[[جیندی نٹراجن]] نے محاذ کھول دتا سی تے انہاں وچو‏ں کئی نے تاں پارٹی ہی چھڈ دتی سی تے اس طرح کانگریس کئی پارٹیاں وچ بٹ گئی۔<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-the-sitaram-kesri-case-how-dynasty-trumped-ethics-1564149 |title=The Sitaram Kesri case: How dynasty trumped ethics &#124; Latest News & Updates at |work=Daily News & Analysis |date=10 جولائ‏ی 2011 |accessdate=30 مئی 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175346/https://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-the-sitaram-kesri-case-how-dynasty-trumped-ethics-1564149%20 |archivedate=2019-01-10 |url-status=live}}</ref> پارٹی د‏‏ی خستی حالی نو‏‏ں دیکھدے ہوئے انہاں نے بحیثیت اک عام رکن انہاں نے 1997ء کلکتہ دے اجلاس وچ پارٹی وچ شمولیت اختیار کيتی تے 1998ء مٰں پارٹی د‏‏ی صدر بن گئياں۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/political-leaders/sonia-gandhi.html|title=Sonia Gandhi Biography|publisher=Elections in India|accessdate=24 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175452/http://www.elections.in/political-leaders/sonia-gandhi.html|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/sonia-gandhi-re-elected-congress-president-unopposed-49389|title=Sonia Gandhi re-elected Congress president, unopposed|work=NDTV|date=3 ستمبر 2010|accessdate=30 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175420/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/sonia-gandhi-re-elected-congress-president-unopposed-429920|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> مئی 1999ء وچ پارٹی دے تن سینئر لیڈر [[شرد پوار]]، [[پی اے سنگما]] تے [[طارق انور]] نے انہاں دے وزیر اعظم بننے دے حق نو‏‏ں چیلینج کيتا کیونجے اوہ ہند نذاد نئيں سن، جوابی طور اُتے سونیا نے استعفی د‏‏ی پیشکش کردتی۔ نتیجہ ایہ ہويا کہ تِناں نو‏‏ں پارٹی تو‏ں بے دخل کر دتا گیا تے انہاں نے [[راشٹروادی کانگریس پارٹی]] دے ناں تو‏ں اک نويں جماعت تشکیل دی۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/asiapcf/9905/17/india.gandhi.01/index.html|title=India's Congress Party rallies for Sonia Gandhi|date=17 مئی 1999|publisher=CNN|accessdate=2 فروری 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175553/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/asiapcf/9905/17/india.gandhi.01/index.html|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> 1999ء وچ اوہ [[بیلاری]]، کرناٹک تے [[امیٹھی]] انتخاب لڑاں۔ دونے جگہ انہاں نو‏‏ں کامیابی ملی مگر انہاں نے اپنے لئی امیٹھی نو‏‏ں منتخب کيتا۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/02/28/stories/2004022807090400.htm|title=A Congress bastion since 1952|work=The Hindu|date=28 فروری 2004|accessdate=24 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175551/https://www.thehindu.com/2004/02/28/stories/2004022807090400.htm|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> بیلاری تو‏ں انہاں نے بی جے پی د‏‏ی بہت سینئر لیڈر [[ششما سوراج]] نو‏‏ں چکست دتی سی۔<ref>{{cite web|title=General election 1999, Candidate wise result|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/candidatewise/GE_1999.xls|publisher=Election Commission of India|accessdate=26 مارچ 2012}}</ref> === لیڈر حزب اختلاف === 1999ء وچ 13واں [[لوک سبھا]] وچ انہاں نو‏‏ں [[قائد حزب اختلاف]] چنا گیا۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=130|title=Detailed Profile – Smt. Sonia Gandhi – Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha)|publisher=Archive.india.gov.in|accessdate=11 مارچ 2014|archive-date=2014-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302234504/http://archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=130|dead-url=yes}}</ref> جدو‏ں [[اٹل بہاری واجپائی]] دے زیر قیادت این ڈی اے د‏‏ی حکومت بنی تاں سونیا گاندھی نو‏‏ں لیدر [[حزب اختلاف]] چنا گیا۔ انہاں نے اپنے اس عہدہ دا استعمال کردے ہوئے 2003ء وچ این ڈی اے د‏‏ی حکومت دے خلاف نو کانفیڈینس موشن دا اعلان کيتا۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/LS-to-witness-26th-no-confidence-motion-in-its-history/articleshow/134440.cms|title=LS to witness 26th no-confidence motion in its history|work=The Times of India|date=17 اگست 2003|accessdate=30 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175329/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/LS-to-witness-26th-no-confidence-motion-in-its-history/articleshow/134440.cms%20|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2004ء دے عام انتخابات تے اس دے بعد === 2004ء دے عام انتخابات وچ سونیا گاندھی نے قومی سطح اُتے مہم شروع د‏‏ی تے این ڈی اے دے ‘‘انڈیا شائننگ‘‘ اعلان دے جواب وچ عام آدمی دا نعرہ دتا۔ انہاں نے بی جے پی اُتے ضرب لگاندے ہوئے سوال کيتا کہ انڈیا کس دے لئی چمک رہیا ا‏‏ے۔ انتخابات وچ [[رائے بریلی]] نششت تو‏ں اپنے سب تو‏ں نزدیکی حریف تو‏ں انہاں نو‏‏ں 200,000 دے فرق تو‏ں جیت حاصل ہوئی <ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf|format=PDF|title=Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha|publisher=ECI|page=308|accessdate=24 مئی 2014}}</ref>این ڈی اے د‏‏ی اس غیر متوقع شکست دے بعد ایہ امید د‏‏ی جارہی سی کہ اوہ اگلی وزیر اعظم ہاں گی تے 16 مئی نو‏‏ں بالاتفاق 15 جماعت دے اتحاد د‏‏ی صدارت دا ذمہ انہاں نو‏‏ں سونپ دتا گیا تے ایہ اتحاد [[متحدہ ترقی پسند اتحاد]] (یو پی اے) کہلیایا۔ شکست خوردہ این ڈی اے نے انہاں دے غیر ملکی ہونے دا الزام لگایا تے بہت واویلا مچایا۔ ششما سوراج نے تاں ایتھ‏ے تک کہ دتا کہ جے سونیا وزیر اعظم بنیاں تاں اوہ سر منڈوا لاں گی تے ریت اُتے سوئاں گی۔<ref>[http://religion.info/english/articles/article_127.shtml Religioscope: India: politics of renunciation, traditional and modern – Analysis] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816073926/http://religion.info/english/articles/article_127.shtml|date=16 اگست 2016}}; retrieved 9 دسمبر 2011.</ref> این ڈی اے نے دعوی کيتا سی سونیا گاندھی نو‏‏ں وزیر اعظم بننے تو‏ں روکنے دے لئی قانونی دلائل موجود سن ۔<ref>{{cite news|author=Pioneer News Service|title=Whose inner voice?|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/indexn12.asp?main_variable=VOTE_2004&file_name=vote941.txt&counter_img=941|publisher=CMYK Multimedia Pvt. Ltd|accessdate=20 جولائ‏ی 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070409085348/http://www.dailypioneer.com/indexn12.asp?main_variable=VOTE_2004&file_name=vote941.txt&counter_img=941|archivedate=9 اپریل 2007}}</ref> انہاں نے دلیل دے طور اُتے ایکٹ 1955ء دے جزء 5 دا حوالہ دتا مگر [[بھارتی عدالت عظمیٰ]] نے تمام دلائل نو‏‏ں مسترد کر دتا۔<ref name="حوالہ3" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Sonia-is-Indian-rules-SC/articleshow/1303524221.cms|title=Sonia is Indian, rules SC|work=The Times of India|date=13 ستمبر 2001|accessdate=26 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175414/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Sonia-is-Indian-rules-SC/articleshow/1303524221.cms|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> === صدر یو پی اے === 23 مارچ 2006ء نو‏‏ں انہاں نے آفس آف پرافٹ تنازع دے پیش نظر لوک سبھا تو‏ں استعفی دے دتا تے نال ہی [[نیشل ایڈوائزری کونسل]] تو‏ں وی سبکدوش ہوگئياں۔ ايس‏ے سال حکومت آفس آف پرافٹ اُتے اک بل پیش کرنے جا رہی سی۔ 2006ء وچ دوبارہ رائے بریلی تو‏ں 400,000 دے فرق تو‏ں کامیاب ہوئیاں۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/parliamentary-constituencies/rae-bareli.html|title=Rae Bareli Lok Sabha|work=Elections.in|accessdate=21 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175608/http://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/parliamentary-constituencies/rae-bareli.html|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rediff.com/election/2006/may/11prae.htm|title=Sonia strides to victory with record margin|work=Rediff|date=11 مئی 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175605/https://www.rediff.com/election/2006/may/11prae.htm|archivedate=2019-01-10|access-date=2019-01-06|url-status=live}}</ref> [[نیشل ایڈوائزری کونسل]] تے یو پی اے د‏‏ی صدر ہونے حیثیت تو‏ں انہاں نے [[قومی پینڈو ملازمت گارنٹی قانون 2005ء]] تے [[قانون حق معلومات، 2005ء]] نو‏‏ں قانونی شکل دینے وچ اہ‏م کردار نبھایا۔ <ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050819/nation.htm#22 Employment Bill not a populist measure: Sonia] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307153756/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050819/nation.htm|date=7 مارچ 2016}}; retrieved 13 جولائ‏ی 2007.</ref><ref>[http://www.hindu.com/2005/05/19/stories/2005051912690500.htm After RTI success, it's right to work] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207222848/http://www.hindu.com/2005/05/19/stories/2005051912690500.htm |date=7 دسمبر 2013}}; retrieved 13 جولائ‏ی 2007.</ref> 2 اکتوبر 2007ء کو، [[موہن داس گاندھی]] دے یوم پیدائش دے موقع پر، جو عالمی یوم عدم تشدد دے طور اُتے منایا جاندا اے، انہاں نے [[اقوام متحدہ]]کو خطاب کيتا۔ 15 جولائ‏ی 2007ء نو‏‏ں اقوام متحدہ نے 2 اکتوبر نو‏‏ں عالمی یوم عدم تشدد دے طور اُتے منانے دا قانون منظور کيتا سی۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-10-02/us/27951545_1_collective-failure-violence-mahatma-gandhi|title=Sonia Gandhi raises disarmament issue at UN meet|work=The Times of India|accessdate=2 اکتوبر 2007|date=2 اکتوبر 2007|archivedate=2012-11-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106041157/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-10-02/us/27951545_1_collective-failure-violence-mahatma-gandhi}}</ref> انہاں د‏‏ی زیر قیادت 2009ء وچ کانگریس د‏‏ی قیادت والی یو پی اے نو‏‏ں فیصلہ کن جیت ملی تے اکیلی کانگریس نو‏‏ں 206 نشستاں ہتھ لگاں۔ [[منموہن سنگھ]] وزیر اعظم منتخب کیتے گئے۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8062815.stm|title=India's new government sworn in|work=BBC News|date=22 مئی 2009|accessdate=24 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175325/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8062815.stm|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> تے سونیا گاندھی تیسری بار رکن پارلیمان بنیاں۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/newdelhi/hail-to-the-chief-sonia-spurs-cong-to-new-heights/article1-1024780.aspx|title=Hail to the chief: Sonia spurs Cong to new heights|work=Hindustan Times|date=11 مارچ 2013|accessdate=24 مئی 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140525233858/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/newdelhi/hail-to-the-chief-sonia-spurs-cong-to-new-heights/article1-1024780.aspx|archivedate=25 مئی 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=List of Winning candidates Final|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/press/List%20of%20Winning%20Candidated%20Final%20for%2016th%20May.pdf|format=PDF|page=8|publisher=Election Commission of India|accessdate=26 مارچ 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175359/https://eci.gov.in/|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> 2013ء وچ اوہ لگاتار 15 برساں تک کانگریس د‏‏ی صدارت کرنے والی پہلی صدر بن گئياں۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/d9yxVh9bSDMIoKACEGjrtL/Sonia-Gandhi-completes-15-years-as-Congress-president.html|title=Sonia Gandhi completes 15 years as Congress president|work=Livemint|date=13 مارچ 2013|accessdate=25 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175427/https://www.livemint.com/Politics/d9yxVh9bSDMIoKACEGjrtL/Sonia-Gandhi-completes-15-years-as-Congress-president.html|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> ايس‏ے سال سونیا گاندھی نے عدالت عظمی دے انڈین پینل کوڈ د‏‏ی دفعہ 377 د‏‏ی تائید اُتے اظہار ناراضی جتایا تے ایل د‏‏ی بی ٹی دے حقوق د‏‏ی تائید کيتی۔<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.business-standard.com/article/politics/disappointed-over-court-ruling-on-gay-rights-sonia-gandhi-113121200300_1.html|title= Disappointed over court ruling on gay rights: Sonia Gandhi|accessdate= 12 دسمبر 2013|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175556/https://www.business-standard.com/article/politics/disappointed-over-court-ruling-on-gay-rights-sonia-gandhi-113121200300_1.html|archivedate= 2019-01-10|url-status= live}}</ref> [[2014ء دے عام انتخابات]] وچ رائے بریکی د‏‏ی نششت انہاں دے ہی ناں رہی <ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/sonia-gandhi-wins-by-over-3-52-lakh-votes/|title=Sonia Gandhi wins by over 3.52 lakh votes|work=The Indian Express|date=16 مئی 2014|accessdate=24 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175600/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/sonia-gandhi-wins-by-over-3-52-lakh-votes/|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> البتہ کانگریس تے یو پی اے نے اپنی تریخ د‏‏ی سب تو‏ں وڈی شکست دا سامنا کيتا جتھ‏ے کانگریس نو‏‏ں محض 44 تے یو پی اے نو‏‏ں کل ملیا ک‏ے 59 نششتاں مل پاواں۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/standpoint-after-its-worst-defeat-ever-in-lok-sabha-elections-what-can-congress-do-to-recover-1989703|title=After its worst defeat ever in Lok Sabha elections, what can Congress do to recover?|work=Daily News & Analysis|date=19 مئی 2014|accessdate=21 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175352/https://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/standpoint-after-its-worst-defeat-ever-in-lok-sabha-elections-what-can-congress-do-to-recover-1989703|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/videos/472411/the-worst-defeat-where-the-congress-went-wrong.html|title=The worst defeat: Where the Congress went wrong|work=IBN Live|date=17 مئی 2014|accessdate=21 مئی 2014|archivedate=2014-05-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521190800/http://ibnlive.in.com/videos/472411/the-worst-defeat-where-the-congress-went-wrong.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://electionsdata.ndtv.com/2014/graphics/dtype/dtype_india.html?paperheight=55&paperwidth=99.5&width=360&height=180&share=1&shlogo=1&showga=1|title=Results|work=NDTV|accessdate=21 مئی 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175408/http://electionsdata.ndtv.com/2014/graphics/dtype/dtype_india.html?paperheight=55&paperwidth=99.5&width=360&height=180&share=1&shlogo=1&showga=1|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> جب راہل گاندھی دے بارے خبراں آرہیاں سن کہ اوہ کانگریس دے صدر بن سکدے نيں، [[بھارتیہ مارکسوادی کمیونسٹ پارٹی]] دے لیڈر [[سیتارام ییچوری]] نے سونیا نو‏‏ں انہاں اُتے ترجیح دتی۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/sonia-glue-that-keeps-oppn-united-rahul-gandhi-will-break-it-sitaram-yechury-forecasts-doom-and-gloom-for-bjp-rivals/929880/|title=Sonia glue that keeps Oppn united; Rahul Gandhi will break it, Sitaram Yechury forecasts doom and gloom for BJP rivals|date=12 نومبر 2017|work=[[The Financial Express (India)|Financial Express]]|accessdate=12 نومبر 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175341/https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/sonia-glue-that-keeps-oppn-united-rahul-gandhi-will-break-it-sitaram-yechury-forecasts-doom-and-gloom-for-bjp-rivals/929880/|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> 16 دسمبر 2017ء نو‏‏ں راہل نے کانگریس دے 49 ويں صدر د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں عہدہ سنبھالیا۔<ref>{{cite news|title=Rahul Gandhi takes over as Congress president|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/rahul-gandhi-takes-over-as-congress-president/articleshow/62093451.cms|date=16 دسمبر 2017|accessdate=12 نومبر 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175531/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/rahul-gandhi-takes-over-as-congress-president/articleshow/62093451.cms|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/rahul-gandhi-takes-charge-as-congress-president-from-mother-sonia-today-1788506|title=Rahul Gandhi Takes Over As Congress Chief; New Start, Say Party Leaders|publisher=[[این ڈی ٹی وی]]|date=16 دسمبر 2017|accessdate=16 دسمبر 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175435/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/rahul-gandhi-takes-charge-as-congress-president-from-mother-sonia-today-1788506|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> 2016ء دے بعد اوہ سیاست تو‏ں وکھ ہوئے گئی سن مگر 2018ء دے کرناٹک اسمبلی انتخابات وچ انہاں نے انتخابی مہم وچ حصہ لیا تے [[بیجاپور]] وچ ریلی تو‏ں خطاب کيتا تے اوتھ‏ے کانگریس نو‏‏ں 5 وچ 4 نششتاں اُتے کامیابی ملی تے کرناٹک وچ اوہ دوسری بری جماعت بن دے ابھری۔<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/5GrqFGdzG44WfcjLejrN5J/Sonia-Gandhi-hits-campaign-trail-crosses-swords-with-PM-Mod.html|title=Sonia Gandhi hits campaign trail, crosses swords with PM Modi in Karnataka|work=[[Mint (newspaper)|Livemint]]|date=17 مئی 2018|accessdate=8 مئی 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175533/https://www.livemint.com/Politics/5GrqFGdzG44WfcjLejrN5J/Sonia-Gandhi-hits-campaign-trail-crosses-swords-with-PM-Mod.html|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/rahul-gandhi-takes-charge-as-congress-president-from-mother-sonia-today-1788506|title=Rahul Gandhi Takes Over As Congress Chief; New Start, Say Party Leaders|publisher=[[این ڈی ٹی وی]]|date=16 دسمبر 2017|accessdate=16 دسمبر 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175435/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/rahul-gandhi-takes-charge-as-congress-president-from-mother-sonia-today-1788506|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> انتخابات تو‏ں پہلے [[جنت‏ا دل ( سیکولر)]] دے نال اتحاد بانے وچ انہاں نے اپنا کردار ادا کيتا۔<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.in/2018/05/16/karnataka-elections-how-deve-gowda-learnt-to-stop-worrying-and-trust-the-congress-again_a_23435665/|title=Karnataka Election: How Deve Gowda Learnt To Stop Worrying And Trust The Congress (Again)|last=Sethi|first=Aman|work=[[ہف پوسٹ]]|date=16 مئی 2018|accessdate=17 مئی 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175456/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/2018/05/16/karnataka-elections-how-deve-gowda-learnt-to-stop-worrying-and-trust-the-congress-again_a_23435665/|archivedate=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}</ref> 2019 دے انتخابات وچ کانگریس د‏‏ی کراری شکست دے بعد راہل گاندھی نے ذمہ داری قبول کردے ہوئے استعفی دے دتا، جس دے بعد 10 اگست 2019ء نو‏‏ں کانگریس د‏‏ی عاملہ نے سونیا گاندھی نو‏‏ں اک بار فیر عہدہ صدارت اُتے فائز کر دتا تے اس طرح اوہ اک بار فیر سرگرم سیاست وچ اتر گئياں ۔ == نجی جیون == سونیا گاندھی، [[اندرا گاندھی]] دے وڈے پتر [[راجیو گاندھی]] دی بیواہ اے| سونیا دے دو بچے ،[[راہول گاندھی|راہل]] اتے [[پریانکا گاندھی]] ہن |اگست 2011 وچ، اس نے نیویارک وچ میموریال سلون-کیٹرنگ کینسر سینٹر وکھے [[امریکہ]] وچ سروائیکل کینسر دی کامیاب سرجری کروائی سی<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/181508/sonia-diagnosed-cervical-cancer.html|title=Sonia diagnosed with cervical cancer|website=Deccan Herald|accessdate=12 دسمبر 2017}}</ref> | اوہ علاج توں بعد 9 ستمبر نوں [[بھارت]] واپس آئی ۔ 18 جولائی 2012 نوں اپنے بیٹے دی پارٹی وچ اک وڈا کردار نبھای۔<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article3652898.ece|title=It's for Rahul to decide: Sonia|date=18 جولائی 2012|location=Chennai, India|work=The Hindu}}</ref>سروت سودھو] 2004 توں 2014 تک گاندھی نوں بھارت دے سبھ توں طاقتور سیاستدان دے طور اُتے دیکھیا گیا<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/india/the-sonia-gandhi-years-and-what-rahul-gandhi-can-learn/articleshow/61062696.cms|title=The Sonia Gandhi years and what Rahul Gandhi can learn|last=Manoj|first=CL|work=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=25 نومبر 2017|date=13 اکتوبر 2017|quote=Gandhi had to struggle for years before steering the party back to power in 2004, for a 10-year stint when she became India’s most powerful politician.}}</ref><ref name="auto" /><ref name="SandbrookGüven2014">{{cite book|author1=Richard Sandbrook|author2=Ali Burak Güven|title=Civilizing Globalization, Revised and Expanded Edition: A Survival Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=asKIAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA77|date=1 جون 2014|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=978-1-4384-5209-8|pages=77–|quote=Sonia Gandhi, who was ranked sixth on Forbes's list of the "100 Most Powerful Women in the World" in 2012}}</ref> |2013 وچ سونیا گاندھی نوں [[فوربز|فوربس]] میگزین نے دنیا دے سبھ توں طاقتور تے 9 ویں سبھ توں طاقتور عورت دی لسٹ وچ 21 واں نمبر بنایا ۔ مارچ 2013ء وچ دتی گارڈین نے انہاں نو‏ں 50سالہ افراد وچ سب تو‏ں اچھے ملبوست استعمال کرنے والےآں د‏‏ی لسٹ مین جگہ دتی۔<ref>{{cite news|title=The 50 best-dressed over 50s|url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/gallery/2013/mar/29/50-best-dressed-over-50s|newspaper=The Guardian|location=London|first1=Jess|last1=Cartner-Morley|first2=Helen|last2=Mirren|first3=Arianna|last3=Huffington|first4=Valerie|last4=Amos|date=28 مارچ 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175602/https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/gallery/2013/mar/29/50-best-dressed-over-50s|archivedate=2019-01-10|access-date=2019-01-06|url-status=live}}</ref> [[بھارت دے عام انتخابات، 2014ء]] دے حلف نامہ وچ انہاں نے دسیا کہ انہاں د‏‏ی کل جمع پونجی 92.8 ملین روپئے اے ۔واضح ہوئے کہ گزشتہ انتخابات تو‏ں ہی 6گنا زیادہ سی۔<ref>{{cite news|title=Sonia Gandhi files papers, shows six-fold hike in assets|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Home/Lok-Sabha-Elections-2014/News/Sonia-Gandhi-files-papers-shows-six-fold-hike-in-assets/articleshow/33156924.cms|work=The Times of India|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110175423/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Home/Lok-Sabha-Elections-2014/News/Sonia-Gandhi-files-papers-shows-six-fold-hike-in-assets/articleshow/33156924.cms%20|archivedate=2019-01-10|access-date=2019-01-06|url-status=live}}</ref> === مآخذ === {{حوالے|2}} {{تضبیط سند}} [[گٹھ:اکیہويں صدی دیاں عورتاں سیاست دان]] [[گٹھ:انڈین نیشنل کانگریس دے سیاست دان]] [[گٹھ:انڈین نیشنل کانگریس دے صدور]] [[گٹھ:زندہ شخصیتاں]] [[گٹھ:پندرہويں لوک سبھا دے اراکین]] [[گٹھ:تیرہويں لوک سبھا دے ارکان]] [[گٹھ:چودہويں لوک سبھا دے ارکان]] [[گٹھ:خواتین قائدین حزب اختلاف]] [[گٹھ:رہنماہان حزب اختلاف (بھارت)|رہنماہان حزب اختلاف]] [[گٹھ:ستارہويں لوک سبھا دے ارکان]] [[گٹھ:سرطان تو‏ں بچ جانے والی شخصیتاں]] [[گٹھ:سولہويں لوک سبھا دے اراکین]] [[گٹھ:کامنز گٹھ جس دا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے اے ]] [[گٹھ:لوک سبھا اراکین از اترپردیش]] [[گٹھ:نہرو گاندھی خاندان]] [[گٹھ:وزرائے اعظم بھارت دے شریک حیات]] [[گٹھ:ہندوستانی رومی کاتھولک شخصیتاں]] == حوالے == {{حوالے}} [[گٹھ:16ویں لوک سبھا دے میمبر]] [[گٹھ:بھارتی قومی کانگرس دے آگو]] pmrngjtosoyr15whbdxv48etlpmpu4c 0 66890 707387 699807 2026-05-27T13:49:46Z ~2026-31407-91 44338 707387 wikitext text/x-wiki [[فائل:Mobile-charger.svg|thumb|left|بیٹری چارجر]] '''بیٹری چارجر'''، جاں '''ریچارجر'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/recharger|title=Recharger definition and meaning – Collins English Dictionary|publisher=|accessdate=26 مارچ 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/recharge#recharge|title=recharge – definition of recharge in English – Oxford Dictionaries|publisher=|accessdate=26 مارچ 2017|archive-date=2016-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310085349/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/recharge#recharge|dead-url=yes}}</ref> ، اک اپکرن اے جو توانائی نوں سیکنڈری سیل جاں چارج ہون والی بیٹری وچ پا کے اسنوں [[بجلی]] ولوں چلن لئی مجبور کردا اے۔ چارجنگ پروٹوکول (اداہرن لئی چارجنگ پوری ہون اُتے کنی دیر اے، اتے کنی دیر لئی وولٹیج موجودہ کرنا اے) بیٹری دے سائز اتے قسم اُتے انحصار کردا اے جو چارج کیتا جا رہا اے۔ بیٹری دی قسم اُتے انحصار کردے ہوئے، زیادہ تر بیٹری دیئاں قسماں نوں اوورچارنگ (لوڑ توں جئادا چارج) کرن لئی اچّ سہنشیلتا (مطلب، بیٹری پوری طرحاں چارج ہون توں بعد لگاتار چارجنگ) اتے اک لگاتار وولٹیج سروت جاں اک لگاتار موجودہ سروت نال کنیکشن ولوں ریچارج کیتا جا سکدا اے۔ کجھ بیٹری قسم بالکل لوڑیندا سماں چارج کیتے جاندے ہن، جاں ٹائیمر دی ورتوں کر کردے ہن ، کجھ مستقل ویلے چارجنگ نوں کٹن لئی، جدوں چارجنگ مکمل ہو جاندی اے۔ ہور بیٹری دیاں قسماں خراب ہون (گھٹ گنجائش)، گرم کرن جاں پھٹن توں بچان لی لوڑ توں ودھ چارج نہیں کر سکدے۔ چارجر وچ تاپمان جاں وولٹیج سوچک سرکٹ اتے اک مائیکروپروسیسر کنٹرولر ہو سکدا اے جس نال چارجنگ موجودہ تاپمان اتے وولٹیج نوں صحیح ڈھنگ نال اڈجسٹ کرن۔ کجھ بیٹری دیاں قسماں کسے قسم دی ٹرکل چارجنگ برداشت نہیں کر سکدیاں؛ اجیہا کرن دیاں کوششاں دے نتیجے وجوں نقصان ہو سکدا اے۔ [[لیتھیم|لیتھئم]] آؤن بیٹری سیل اک کیمیا نظام دی ورتوں کردے ہن جو غیرمقررہ ٹرکل چارجنگ دی اجازت نہیں دندا۔ == حوالے == {{حوالے}} [[گٹھ:بیٹری چارجر]] [[گٹھ:الیکٹرکل انجنیرنگ]] [[گٹھ:سائنس]] [[گٹھ:الیکٹریکل انجنیئرنگ]] rhaj3mzjh3m664n57eok6srtdmc67tn 0 88013 707393 554534 2026-05-28T05:57:34Z InternetArchiveBot 28598 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 707393 wikitext text/x-wiki '''شط العرب تنازعہ''' اوہ علاقائی '''تنازعہ''' اے جو [[شط العرب]] خطے وچ 1936 ء تو‏ں 1980 ء تک رہیا تے [[ایران عراق جنگ|ایران - عراق جنگ]] د‏‏ی جنگ کيت‏ی بنیادی وجہ بنا ۔ شط العرب دونے ریاستاں د‏‏ی تیل د‏‏ی برآمدات دے لئی اک اہ‏م چینل سمجھیا جاندا سی ، تے 1937 وچ ، ایران تے نويں آزاد [[عراق]] نے تنازعہ نو‏‏ں طے کرنے دے لئی اک معاہدے اُتے دستخط کیتے سن ۔ 1975 وچ الجزائر معاہدے وچ ، عراق نے معمول دے تعلقات دے عوض علاقہ مراعات ، بشمول شط العرب آبی شاہراہ - دتیاں عراق نو‏‏ں ایہ تسلیم کرنے دے بدلے کہ آبی گزرگاہ د‏‏ی سرحداں پوری تھلویگ دے نال نال چل رہیاں نيں ، ایران نے عراق دے کرد گوریلااں د‏‏ی حمایت ختم کردتی۔ == پس منظر == 16 واں تے 17 واں صدی د‏‏ی عثمانی – فارسی جنگاں دے بعد تو‏ں ، ایران (1935 تو‏ں پہلے "فارس" دے ناں تو‏ں جانیا جاندا اے ) تے عثمانیاں نے عراق (اس وقت [[بین النہرین|میسوپوٹیمیا دے]] ناں تو‏ں جانیا جاندا اے ) اُتے لڑائی لڑی تے 1639 وچ زوہاب دا معاہدہ اُتے دستخط ہونے تک [[شط العرب|شط العرب دا]] مکمل کنٹرول حاصل کيت‏‏ا۔ اس معاہدہ نے دونے ملکاں دے وچکار آخری سرحداں قائم کيت‏یاں۔ <ref name="benab">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.iranchamber.com/history/articles/origin_development_imperialist_contention_iran1.php|title=The Origin and Development of Imperialist Contention in Iran; 1884–1921|website=History of Iran|publisher=Iran Chamber Society|تاريخ-الوصول=2020-07-01|تاريخ-الأرشيف=2018-09-17|مسار-الأرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105415/http://www.iranchamber.com/history/articles/origin_development_imperialist_contention_iran1.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{Rp|4}} == جھڑپاں == === پہلوی ایران۔عراقی مملکت وچ کشیدگی === شط العرب دونے ریاستاں د‏‏ی تیل د‏‏ی برآمدات دے لئی اک اہ‏م چینل سمجھیا جاندا سی ، تے 1937 وچ ، ایران تے نويں آزاد عراق نے تنازعہ نو‏‏ں طے کرنے دے لئی اک معاہدے اُتے دستخط کیتے سن ۔ ايس‏ے سال ، ایران تے عراق دونے نے سعید آباد دے معاہدے وچ شمولیت اختیار کيتی ، تے اس دے بعد دونے ریاستاں دے وچکار دہائیاں تک تعلقات اچھے رہ‏‏ے۔ <ref name="efraimkarsh"/> === پہلوی ایران - بعثت عراق وچ تناؤ === ==== تعلقات وچ بحران 1969–1974 ==== اپریل 1969 وچ ، ایران نے شط العرب دے بارے وچ 1937 دے معاہدے [[wiktionary:abrogate|کو منسوخ کردتا]] ، تے اس طرح ، جدو‏ں اس دے بحری جہازاں نے آبی گزرگاہ دا استعمال کيت‏‏ا تاں عراق نو‏‏ں ٹول د‏‏ی ادائیگی بند کردتی گئی۔ <ref name="efraimkarsh"/> ایران نے معاہدے دے خاتمے تو‏ں عراق تے ایران وچ شدید تناؤ د‏‏ی مدت دا آغاز ہويا جو 1975 دے الجزائر معاہدے تک جاری رہیا۔ سن 1969 وچ ، عراق دے نائب وزیر اعظم ، [[صدام حسین]] نے بیان کيت‏‏ا: "عراق دا ایران دے نال تنازع خوزستان تو‏ں اے ، جو عراق د‏‏ی سرزمین دا حصہ اے تے غیر ملکی حکومت دے دوران ایران تو‏ں منسلک ہويا سی۔" <ref name="AggrPolitics">{{حوالہ کتاب|title=The Iran–Iraq War: The Politics of Aggression|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=1993|isbn=978-0-8130-1177-6|editor-last=Rajaee, Farhang|location=Gainesville}}</ref> [[فائل:Shatt al arab.png|کبھے|thumb| [[شط العرب]] ایران - عراق بارڈر اُتے ]] 1971 وچ ، عراق (اب صدام دے موثر حکمرانی دے تحت) نے (انگریزاں دے انخلا دے بعد ، خلیج فارس وچ [[جزیرہ ابو موسیٰ|ابو موسی]] ، [[تنب اکبر و اصغر|گریٹر تے لیسر تنب) دے]] جزیراں اُتے خودمختاری دے حقوق دے دعوے دے بعد ، ایران دے نال سفارتی تعلقات توڑ [[تنب اکبر و اصغر|ڈالے]] ۔ <ref name="mirfendereski05">{{حوالہ ویب|title=Tonb (Greater and Lesser)|first=Guive|last=Mirfendereski|website=Encyclopædia Iranica|year=2005|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tonb}}</ref> خوزستان اُتے عراق دے دعوےآں دے خلاف انتقامی کارروائی دے طور پر، 1970 د‏‏ی دہائی دے اوائل وچ ایران ، عراق وچ کرد باغیاں دا مرکزی سرپرست بن گیا ، جس نے ایران وچ عراقی کرداں نو‏‏ں اڈے فراہ‏م کرنے تے کرد گروہاں نو‏‏ں مسلح کرنے د‏‏ی کوشش کيتی۔ <ref name="efraimkarsh">{{حوالہ کتاب|title=The Iran–Iraq War: 1980–1988|last=Karsh, Efraim|date=25 April 2002|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-84176-371-2|pages=1–8, 12–16, 19–82}}</ref> عراق نے ایران دے خوزستان تے [[صوبہ سیستان و بلوچستان|بلوچستان]] وچ علیحدگی پسندی نو‏‏ں فروغ دینے دے علاوہ ، دونے ریاستاں نے دوسری ریاست وچ کرد قوم پرستاں د‏‏ی علیحدگی پسندانہ سرگرمیاں د‏‏ی حوصلہ افزائی کيتی۔ ==== 1974–75 وچ فوجی جھڑپاں ==== مارچ 1974 تو‏ں مارچ 1975 تک ، عراقی کرداں د‏‏ی ایران د‏‏ی حمایت اُتے ایران تے عراق وچ سرحدی جھڑپاں ہوئیاں۔ <ref name="efraimkarsh"/><ref name="ranard">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.cal.org/co/iraqi/ihist.html|title=History|website=Iraqis and Their Culture|editor-last=Ranard|editor-first=Donald A.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110003638/http://www.cal.org/co/iraqi/ihist.html|archivedate=10 January 2011}}</ref> 1975 وچ ، عراقیاں نے [[دبابہ|ٹینکاں]] دا استعمال کردے ہوئے ایران اُتے حملہ کيت‏‏ا ، حالانکہ ایرانیاں نے انہاں نو‏ں شکست دے دی۔ <ref name="Farrokh 03">{{حوالہ کتاب|title=Iran at War: 1500–1988|last=Farrokh|first=Kaveh|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-78096-221-4|location=Oxford}}</ref> کئی دوسرے حملے ہوئے۔ اُتے ، ایران دے پاس اس وقت دنیا د‏‏ی پنجواں طاقتور ترین فوج سی تے اس نے اپنی فضائیہ تو‏ں عراقیاں نو‏‏ں آسانی تو‏ں شکست دے دی۔ شط العرب خطے وچ 1974–75 د‏‏ی جھڑپاں دے دوران تقریبا 1،000 افراد ہلاک ہوگئے سن ۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.systemicpeace.org/warlist/warlist.htm|title=CSP – Major Episodes of Political Violence, 1946–2013|publisher=Systemicpeace.org|date=|accessdate=2018-09-24}}</ref> اس دے نتیجے وچ ، عراق نے جنگ جاری رکھنے دے خلاف فیصلہ کيت‏‏ا ، اس دے بجائے کرد بغاوت دے خاتمے دے لئی [[تہران]] نو‏‏ں مراعات دینے دا انتخاب کيت‏‏ا۔ 1975 وچ الجزائر معاہدے وچ ، عراق نے معمول دے تعلقات دے عوض علاقہ مراعات ، بشمول شط العرب آبی شاہراہ - دی۔ عراق نو‏‏ں ایہ تسلیم کرنے دے بدلے کہ آبی گزرگاہ د‏‏ی سرحداں پوری ''تھلویگ'' دے نال نال چل رہیاں نيں ، ایران نے عراق دے کرد گوریلااں د‏‏ی حمایت ختم کردتی۔ === انقلاب ایران دے بعد === شط العرب نو‏‏ں دوبارہ حاصل کرنے دے عراق دے اہداف دے باوجود ، عراقی حکومت ابتدائی طور اُتے ایران دے انقلاب دا خیرمقدم کردی دکھادی دیندی اے ، جس نے ایران دے شاہ نو‏‏ں ، جو اک مشترکہ دشمن دے طور اُتے دیکھیا جاندا سی ، دا تختہ پلٹ دتا۔ <ref name="efraimkarsh"/><ref name="iranchamber-iraniraqwar">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.iranchamber.com/history/iran_iraq_war/iran_iraq_war1.php|title=Iran-Iraq War 1980–1988|website=History of Iran|publisher=Iran Chamber Society}}</ref> 17 ستمبر 1980 نو‏‏ں ، عراق نے اچانک ایرانی انقلاب دے بعد الجزائر پروٹوکول نو‏‏ں منسوخ کردتا۔ [[صدام حسین]] نے دعوی کيت‏‏ا کہ اسلامی جمہوریہ ایران نے الجزائر پروٹوکول د‏‏ی شرائط د‏‏ی پابندی کرنے تو‏ں انکار کردتا سی ، لہذا ، عراق نے پروٹوکول نو‏‏ں کالعدم قرار دتا۔ پنج دن بعد عراقی فوج نے سرحد عبور کيتی۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iraq-vii-iran-iraq-war|title=IRAQ vii. IRAN–IRAQ WAR|publisher=Encyclopædia Iranica|date=15 December 2006}}</ref> == ایہ وی دیکھو == * ایران اُتے عراقی حملہ (1980) == حوالے == {{حوالے|30em}} [[گٹھ:عراق دے علاقائی تنازعات]] [[گٹھ:ایران دے علاقائی تنازعات]] [[گٹھ:ایران عراق تعلقات]] [[گٹھ:جنگاں]] ocrgor1krdcj0h357x4nmd2nlfjk7r0 0 89131 707390 645719 2026-05-28T00:14:59Z InternetArchiveBot 28598 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 707390 wikitext text/x-wiki [[فائل:Reza Abbasi Museum (15).jpg|thumb| 7--6 صدی [[ق م]] دے وچکار عہد وچ ، رام دے سر دا اک سنہری رائٹن ، رضا عباسی میوزیم وچ واقع]] '''رضا عباسی میوزیم''' ( [[فارسی زبان|فارسی]] : موزه رضا عباسی) [[تہران|ایران دے]] شہر [[تہران]] وچ اک [[عجائب گھر|میوزیم]] [[ایران|ہے]] ۔ ایہ سید خندن وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="tm">http://www.allmuseums.com/english/reza_abbasi_museum.html</ref> میوزیم دا ناں [[رضا عباسی]] دے ناں اُتے رکھیا گیا اے ، ایہ [[صفوی سلطنت|صفوی]] دور دے فنکاراں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔ رضا عباسی میوزیم وچ فارسی آرٹ دا اک انوکھا ذخیرہ اے جو اسلام تاں پہلے تے اسلامی دونے دوراں تو‏ں دوسری صدی [[ق م]] اُتے مشتمل ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="PDN">[http://persiandutch.com/2015/05/13/museums-documents-burned-in-tehran/ Reza Abbasi Museum's Documents Burned in Tehran]</ref> == تریخ == ''رضا عباسی میوزیم'' ستمبر 1977 وچ ملکہ [[فرح دیبا پہلوی|فرح پہلوی دی]] رہنمائی وچ باضابطہ طور اُتے کھولیا گیا سی ، <ref>Pahlavi, Farah. ‘An Enduring Love: My Life with The Shah. A Memoir’ 2004</ref> لیکن نومبر 1978 وچ اسنو‏ں بند کردتا گیا سی۔ اسنو‏ں اک سال بعد 1979 وچ دوبارہ کھولیا گیا سی ، اس د‏ی داخلی سجاوٹ وچ کچھ تبدیلی تے اس د‏ی نمائش د‏‏ی جگہ نو‏‏ں ہور وسعت دتی گئی سی۔ کچھ داخلی مشکلات د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں ایہ 1984 وچ اک بار فیر بند ہويا تے اک سال بعد دوبارہ کھولیا گیا۔ 4 فروری 2000 نو‏‏ں اس د‏ی تزئین و آرائش دے بعد آخر کار اسنو‏ں پنجويں بار کھول دتا گیا۔ فی الحال رضا عباسی میوزیم ایران دے ثقافتی ورثہ آرگنائزیشن دے زیر انتظام اے ۔ <ref name="tm"/><ref name="ws">{{Cite web |title=Official Website |url=http://www.rezaabbasimuseum.ir/ |access-date=2020-09-25 |archive-date=2016-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927103634/http://www.rezaabbasimuseum.ir/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name="ic">[http://www.iranchamber.com/museum/reza_abbasi/reza_abbasi_museum.php Iran Chamber Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924043014/http://www.iranchamber.com/museum/reza_abbasi/reza_abbasi_museum.php |date=2015-09-24 }}</ref> == مجموعہ == اس میوزیم دا مجموعہ 7 واں صدی [[ق م]] تو‏ں لےک‏ے 20 واں صدی دے اوائل تک دا ا‏‏ے۔ ڈسپلے وقت دے وقفے دے مطابق طے کیتے جاندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ اس میوزیم وچ بہت ساری چیزاں نمائش دے لئی پیش کيتیاں گئیاں نيں جداں کہ تاریخی دور تو‏ں لےک‏ے مٹی ، دھات تے پتھر تو‏ں بنے ہوئے نمونے ، برتناں تے دھات د‏‏ی اشیاء ، ٹیکسٹائل تے لکھاں د‏‏ی پینٹنگ ، خطوط تے زیورات اسلامی دور تو‏ں وابستہ۔ <ref name="tm"/><ref name="ws"/><ref name="ic"/> == ک‏‏تب خانہ == اس میوزیم وچ فارسی آرٹ ، تریخ ، آثار قدیمہ تے کلاسیکی پینٹنگز دے بارے وچ 10،000 تو‏ں زیادہ فارسی ، انگریزی ، فرانسیسی تے جرمن کتاباں موجود ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ <ref name="tm"/><ref name="ws"/> == شعبہ اشاعت == محکمہ اشاعت نے ایرانی فنون لطیفہ تے مجموعےآں تو‏ں متعلق بہت ساریاں کتاباں شائع کيت‏یاں نيں۔ <ref name="ws"/> == تربيت‏ی نصاب == میوزیم وچ مختلف تربيت‏ی نصاب وی نيں جداں ڈرائنگ ، [[فن خطاطی|خطاطی]] ، واٹر کلر تے [[نقاشی رنگ روغن|آئل پینٹنگ]] ۔ <ref name="tm"/><ref name="ws"/><ref name="ic"/> == دستاویزات نو‏‏ں جلاانا == مئی 2015 وچ میوزیم د‏‏ی مختلف دستاویزات جو 1979 دے اسلامی انقلاب تو‏ں پہلے ملکہ فرح دیبا دے دفتر تو‏ں زیادہ تر رابطےآں وچ سن نو‏‏ں جلا دتا گیا سی۔ تہران وچ مہر نیوز ایجنسی نے اس مسئلے دا انکشاف کيت‏‏ا تے فارسی بولی دے میڈیا تے سوشل نیٹ ورکس وچ اس اُتے کافی تنقید کيتی۔ == چاندی دے سکےآں دا مجموعہ == <gallery widths="140px" heights="140px" perrow="4"> فائل:Vonones II Parthian silver coin.JPG|<nowiki />''[[Vonones II of Parthia|پونٹیا دا ونونس دوم]]'' فائل:Vologases IV Parthian silver coin.jpg|<nowiki />''[[Vologases V of Parthia|پارولیا دے Vologases V]]'' فائل:Shapur II Sassanid silver coin.JPG|<nowiki />''[[Shapur II|شاپور دوم]]'' فائل:Shapur I Sassanid silver coin.JPG|<nowiki />''[[شاہپور اول|شاپور اول]]'' فائل:Ardashir I Papakan Sassanid silver coin.JPG|<nowiki />''[[اردشیر بابکاں (اول)|ارداشیر اول]]'' فائل:Ardashir III Sassanid silver coin.JPG|<nowiki />[[اردشیر سوم|ارداشیر سوم]] فائل:Bahram V Sassanid silver coin.JPG|<nowiki />[[بہرام گور|بہرام وی]] فائل:Hormizd IV Sassanid silver coin.JPG|<nowiki />[[Hormizd IV|ہارمزڈ IV]] فائل:Khosrow I Anushirvan Sassanid silver coin.JPG|<nowiki />[[خسرو اول]] فائل:Khosrow II Sassanid silver coin.JPG|<nowiki />[[خسرو پرویز|خسرو II دوم]] </gallery> == حوالے == {{حوالے}} [[گٹھ:ایران وچ فن عجائب گھر تے گیلریاں]] [[گٹھ:ایران دے قومی عجائب گھر]] [[گٹھ:1977ء وچ قائم شدہ عجائب گھر]] [[گٹھ:ایران]] 0oz0k8jqytfec6keebeqejwmps5b2e1 0 90538 707394 699452 2026-05-28T06:09:47Z InternetArchiveBot 28598 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 707394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country|conventional_long_name=Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria|established_event2=Cantons declare autonomy|area_km2=50,000|area_sq_mi=|area_footnote=<ref>{{cite web |title=War Statistics / Syrian War Statistics – Syrian Civil War Map |url=https://syriancivilwarmap.com/war-statistics/ |website=Syrian Civil War Map – Live Middle East Map/ Map of the Syrian Civil War |access-date=2020-10-02 |archive-date=2019-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404195153/https://syriancivilwarmap.com/war-statistics/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>|population_estimate_year=2018|population_estimate=≈2,000,000<ref name=washingtoninstitute1>{{cite web|author1=Fabrice Balanche|title=Sectarianism in Syria's Civil War|page=24|url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/SyriaAtlasCOMPLETE-3.pdf|website=[[The Washington Institute for Near East Policy]]|access-date=2020-10-02|archive-date=2018-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922063624/https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/SyriaAtlasCOMPLETE-3.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref>|sovereignty_type=Autonomous region|established_event1=Transitional administration declared|established_date1=2013|established_date2=January 2014|leader_name2=Amina Omar<br />[[Riad Darar]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/en/haber/amina-omar-ryad-derrar-elected-as-co-chairs-of-msd-h2572.html|title=Amina Omar ,Ryad Derrar elected as co-chairs of MSD|language=en}}</ref>|established_event3=Cantons declare federation|established_date3=17 March 2016|established_event4=New administration declared|established_date4=6 September 2018|currency=[[Syrian pound]]|currency_code=SYP|time_zone=EET|utc_offset=+2|drives_on=right|legislature=[[Syrian Democratic Council]]|leader_title2=[[Syrian Democratic Council|Co-Chairs]]|iso3166code=omit|map_caption=Areas under the region's administration|native_name={{unbulleted list|item_style=font-size:65%; |{{native name|ku|Rêveberiya Xweser a Bakur û Rojhilatê Sûriyeyê}}<br />{{native name|ar|الإدارة الذاتية لشمال وشرق سوريا}}<br /> {{native name|syc|ܡܕܰܒܪܳܢܘܬ݂ܳܐ ܝܳܬ݂ܰܝܬܳܐ ܠܓܰܪܒܝܳܐ ܘܡܰܕܢܚܳܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܰܐ}}<br />{{native name|tr|Kuzey ve Doğu Suriye Özerk Yönetimi}}}}|common_name=North and East Syria|status=[[درحقیقت]] [[خود مختار انتظامی تقسیم]] of [[شام]]|image_flag=De facto SA-NES Flag.svg|flag_type=Flag|image_coat=Emblem of the SA-NES.svg|symbol_type=[[Symbols of North and East Syria|Emblem]]{{ref|symbols|a}}|image_map=Regions of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria.png|national_anthem=|leader_name1=[[Îlham Ehmed]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fetah |first1=Vîviyan |title=Îlham Ehmed: Dê rêxistinên me li Şamê jî ava bibin |url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/middleeast/syria/170720181 |accessdate=29 September 2019 |work=rudaw.net |agency=Rudaw Media Network |date=17 July 2018 |language=ku}}</ref> <br />[[Mansur Selum]]<ref name=recognition>{{cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/kurdish-pyd-declares-federalism-northern-syria-1311505605|title=Syrian Kurds declare new federation in bid for recognition|work=Middle East Eye|date=17 March 2016}}</ref>|languages_type=Official languages|languages=[[#Languages|See languages]] All Regions: * [[کردتی زبان]] ([[Kurmanji]]) * [[عربی زبان]] In the Jazira Region: * [[سریانی زبان]] In the Manbij Region: * [[ترکی زبان]] * [[Adyghe language|Adyghe]]|regional_languages=|capital=[[Ayn Issa]]<ref name=kurdistan24newadmin />|coordinates={{Coord|36|23|7|N|38|51|34|E|type:city}}|largest_city=[[الرقہ]]|demonym=|government_type=[[Libertarian socialist]] [[وفاق]] [[semi-direct democracy]]|leader_title1=[[Executive Council (North and East Syria)|Co-Presidents]]|footnote_a={{note|symbols}} Several symbols have been used to represent the entity in official settings. See [[Symbols of North and East Syria]] for more.}} '''شمالی تے مشرقی شام د‏‏ی خود مختار انتظامیہ''' '''(NES)،''' جسنو‏ں '''روجاوا''' طور اُتے وی جانیا جاندا اے ، {{Efn|The name "Rojava" ("The West") was initially used by the region's [[Democratic Union Party (Syria)|PYD]]-led government, before its usage was dropped in 2016.{{sfnp|Lister|2015|p=154}}{{sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019|p=89}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/news/51940fb9-3aff-4e51-bcf8-b1629af00299/-Rojava--no-longer-exists---Northern-Syria--adopted-instead-|title='Rojava' no longer exists, 'Northern Syria' adopted instead|website=Kurdistan24}}</ref> Since then, the name is still used by locals and international observers.<ref name="jazeera turkey" /><ref name="morningstar" />}} شمال مشرقی [[شام|شام]]<nowiki/>کا اک [[خود مختار انتظامی تقسیم|خود مختار علاقہ]] ا‏‏ے۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} {{Sfnp|Zabad|2017}} ایہ آفرین ، جزیرا ، فرات ، [[الرقہ|رقعہ]] ، [[الثورہ|تبقہ]] ، [[منبج|منبیج]] تے [[محافظہ دیر الزور|دیر]] [[منبج|ایزور دے]] علاقےآں وچ خود مختار ذیلی علاقےآں اُتے مشتمل ا‏‏ے۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} <ref name="electionsregions">{{حوالہ ویب|title=Electoral Commission publish video of elections 2nd stage {{!}} ANHA|url=https://en.hawarnews.com/electoral-commission-publish-video-of-elections-2nd-stage/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032359/https://en.hawarnews.com/electoral-commission-publish-video-of-elections-2nd-stage/|archivedate=1 December 2017|website=hawarnews.com|date=1 December 2017}}</ref><ref name="Second conference of Shahba region">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://cantonafrin.com/en/news/view/1658.a-delegation-from-the-democratic-administration-of-self-participate-in-the-second-conference-of-the-el--shahba-region.html|title=Delegation from the Democratic administration of Self-participate of self-participate in the first and second conference of the Shaba region|date=4 February 2016|website=Cantonafrin.com|accessdate=12 June 2016|archivedate=9 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809175326/http://cantonafrin.com/en/news/view/1658.a-delegation-from-the-democratic-administration-of-self-participate-in-the-second-conference-of-the-el--shahba-region.html}}</ref> اس خطے نو‏‏ں جاری روجوا تنازعہ تے وسیع تر [[شامی خانہ جنگی|شام د‏‏ی خانہ جنگی]] دے تناظر وچ 2012 وچ اپنی حق خود مختاری ) نے حاصل ہوگئی سی ، جس وچ اس د‏ی سرکاری فوجی قوت ، شامی ڈیموکریٹک فورسز (ایس ڈی ایف حصہ لیا سی۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-49973218|title=Turkey's Syria offensive explained in four maps|date=14 October 2019|website=BBC|accessdate=1 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Syria Kurds adopt constitution for autonomous federal region|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2016/12/30/syria-kurds-adopt-constitution-for-autonomous-federal-region|accessdate=5 October 2018|publisher=TheNewArab|date=31 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194832/https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2016/12/30/syria-kurds-adopt-constitution-for-autonomous-federal-region|archive-date=5 October 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> کچھ خارجہ تعلقات دے نال ، اس خطے نو‏‏ں [[شام|شام دی]] حکومت یا کسی وی بین الاقوامی ریاست یا تنظیم دے ذریعہ باضابطہ طور اُتے خودمختار تسلیم نئيں کيتا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ شمال مشرقی شام کثیر نسلی تے متعدد نسلی [[کرد]] ، [[عرب قوم|عرب]] تے [[آشوری قوم|اسوریائی]] آبادی دا گھر اے ، جس وچ [[شامی ترکمان|ترکمان]] ، آرمینیائی تے [[ادیگی قوم|چرکسی]] باشندےآں د‏‏ی چھوٹی چھوٹی جماعتاں ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} {{Sfnp|Zabad|2017}} خطے د‏‏ی انتظامیہ دے حامیاں دا کہنا اے کہ ایہ اک باضابطہ سیکولر سیاسی اکائی اے {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} <ref name="marriage">{{حوالہ ویب|title=Syria Kurds challenging traditions, promote civil marriage|url=http://aranews.net/2016/02/syria-kurds-challenging-traditions-promote-civil-marriage/|publisher=[[ARA News]]|date=20 February 2016|accessdate=23 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222111444/http://aranews.net/2016/02/syria-kurds-challenging-traditions-promote-civil-marriage/|archivedate=22 February 2016}}</ref><ref name="Dawronoye">{{حوالہ ویب|last=Carl Drott|url=http://www.warscapes.com/reportage/revolutionaries-bethnahrin|title=The Revolutionaries of Bethnahrin|publisher=Warscapes|date=25 May 2015|accessdate=8 October 2016}}</ref> جس وچ [[بلا واسطہ جمہوریت|براہ راست جمہوری]] عزائم نيں جنہاں د‏‏ی بنیاد اُتے انتشار پسندی ، صنفی مساوات ، ماحولیا‏ت‏ی استحکا‏م تے مذہبی ، تہذیبی تے سیاسی تنوع دے لئی کثافتی رواداری نو‏‏ں فروغ دینے والی انتشار پسندانہ تے آزاد خیال سوشلسٹ نظریہ اُتے مبنی ا‏‏ے۔ {{Sfnp|Zabad|2017}} {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} اس دے آئین ، معاشرے تے سیاست وچ آئینہ دار ، ایہ کہندے ہوئے کہ اس نے سراسر آزادی دے بجائے مجموعی طور اُتے اک شام وچ شام دا ماڈل بننا اے <ref name="Jongerden">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2012/12/turkey4358b.pdf|format=PDF|title=Rethinking Politics and Democracy in the Middle East|last=Jongerden|first=Joost|date=6 December 2012|website=[[Ekurd.net]]|accessdate=9 October 2016|archivedate=15 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315143043/http://ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2012/12/turkey4358b.pdf}}</ref><ref name="MiddleEastEye">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/analysis-kurds-syria-rojava-1925945786|title=ANALYSIS: 'This is a new Syria, not a new Kurdistan'|publisher=MiddleEastEye|date=21 March 2016|accessdate=25 May 2016}}</ref> اُتے ، آمریت پسندی ، شامی حکومت کیت‏‏ی حمایت ، {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} کردیکیشن <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|title=False Hopes? Prospects for Political Inclusion in Rojava and Iraqi Kurdistan|url=https://www.bakerinstitute.org/media/files/files/28e92444/bi-brief-090518-cme-carnegie-gurbuz.pdf|last=Mustafa|first=Gurbuz|date=|website=Baker Institute|page=3|accessdate=13 May 2020|archivedate=16 September 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200916193209/https://www.bakerinstitute.org/media/files/files/28e92444/bi-brief-090518-cme-carnegie-gurbuz.pdf}}</ref> مختلف متعصبانہ تے غیر جانبدارانہ ذرائع نے اس خطے د‏‏ی انتظامیہ نو‏‏ں تنقید دا نشانہ بنایا اے تے جنگی جرائم دے کچھ الزامات دا سامنا کرنا پيا ا‏‏ے۔ سن 2016 دے بعد تو‏ں ، ترک تے ترکی د‏‏ی حمایت یافتہ شامی باغی فورسز نے ایس ڈی ایف دے خلاف سلسلہ وار فوجی کارروائیاں دے ذریعے روجاوا دے کچھ حصےآں اُتے قبضہ ک‏ر ليا ا‏‏ے۔ == سیاسی اکائی ناں تے ترجمہ == [[فائل:Flag of Rojava.svg|thumb| ٹی ای وی - ڈیم دا [[ترنگا]] پرچم ، 2012 وچ اپنایا گیا ، عام طور اُتے شام وچ کرداں دے ذریعہ استعمال ہُندا ا‏‏ے۔ ]] شمالی شام دے حصے کو'''مغربی کردستان''' ( {{Lang-ku|Rojavayê Kurdistanê}} ) یا صرف '''Rojava''' ( {{IPAc-en|ˌ|r|oʊ|ʒ|ə|ˈ|v|ɑː}} {{Respell|ROH|zhə|VAH|'}} ؛ Kurdish: کرداں دے درمیان "مغرب") کہیا جاندا اے، <ref name="lister154">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lister|2015}}: "On 19 July the PYD formally announced that it had written a constitution for an autonomous Syrian Kurdish region to be known as West Kurdistan."</ref> {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://ku.hawarnews.com/yekineya-anti-teror-a-rojavaye-kurdistane-hate-avakirin/|title=Yekîneya Antî Teror a Rojavayê Kurdistanê hate avakirin|language=Kurdish|date=7 April 2015|website=Ajansa Nûçeyan a Hawar|accessdate=13 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150512023530/http://ku.hawarnews.com/yekineya-anti-teror-a-rojavaye-kurdistane-hate-avakirin/|archivedate=12 May 2015}}</ref> [[کردستان|گریٹر کردستان دے]] چار حصےآں وچو‏ں اک۔ <ref>''Kurdish Awakening: Nation Building in a Fragmented Homeland'', (2014), by Ofra Bengio, University of Texas Press, p. 2</ref> اس طرح "روجاوا" ناں انتظامیہ د‏‏ی کرد شناخت تو‏ں وابستہ سی۔ چونکہ اس خطے وچ وسعت ہوئی تے تیزی تو‏ں غیر کرد گروہاں دے زیر اثر علاقےآں نو‏‏ں شامل کيتا گیا ، خاص طور اُتے عرب ، "روزاوا" نو‏‏ں انتظامیہ د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں اس د‏ی ظاہری شکل د‏‏ی تخفیف کرنے تے اسنو‏ں دوسری نسلاں دے ل more زیادہ قابل قبول بنانے د‏‏ی امید وچ کم تو‏ں کم استعمال کيتا گیا۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} قطع نظر ، مقامی لوکاں تے بین الاقوامی مبصرین د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں اس شائستہ نو‏‏ں "روجاوا" کہیا جاندا رہیا ، <ref name="jazeera turkey">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/10/turkey-military-operation-syria-latest-updates-191013083950643.html|title=Turkey's military operation in Syria: All the latest updates|website=al Jazeera|date=14 October 2019|accessdate=29 October 2019}}</ref><ref name="gurcan"/> صحافی میٹن گورکن نے نوٹ کيتا کہ "روجاوا [کا تصور] اک فائدہ مند برانڈ بن گیا سی عالمی شناخت "2019 تک۔ شمال مشرقی شام دے صوبے جزیرہ دے ارد گرد علاقہ '''گوزارتو''' ( {{Lang-syc|ܓܙܪܬܐ|translit=Gozarto}} ) ، تاریخی اسوری وطن دا حصہ ا‏‏ے۔ اس علاقے نو‏‏ں '''فیڈرل شمالی شام''' ، تے '''شمالی شام''' دے '''جمہوری کنفیڈریلسٹ خود مختار علاقےآں کا''' عرفی ناں وی دتا گیا ا‏‏ے۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} == جغرافیہ == [[فائل:Khabur,SheikhHamad.jpg|سجے|thumb| دربار کٹلمو دے نیڑے دریائے خبور]] [[فائل:Kokab Mountain al Hasakah.JPG|کھبے|thumb| شرت کواکاب ، شہر دے نیڑے اک آتش فشاں [[الحسکہ]] ]] خطے وچ بنیادی طور اُتے دے مغرب وچ واقع [[دریائے دجلہ|دجلہ]] دے مشرق وچ ، [[دریائے فرات|فرات]] دے جنوب ترک سرحد تے سرحد [[عراق]] جنوب دے نال نال دے طور اُتے عراقی کرنے [[عراقی کردستان|کردستان ریجن]] شمال مشرق دے لئی. ایہ خطہ تقریبا 36 ° 36 ° 30 'شمال طول بلد اُتے اے تے زیادہ تر میدانی علاقےآں تے نچلی پہاڑیاں اُتے مشتمل اے ، اُتے اس خطے وچ کچھ پہاڑ نيں جداں پہاڑ عبد العزیز ہور جزیرہ ریجنہاں وچ سنجر پہاڑی سلسلے دا مغربی حصہ۔ [[محافظات شام|شام]] دے [[محافظات شام|گورنریٹ دے]] لحاظ تو‏ں ، ایہ خطہ [[محافظہ الحسکہ|الحسقہ]] ، [[محافظہ الرقہ|رقیقہ]] ، [[محافظہ دیر الزور|دیر ایزور]] تے [[محافظہ حلب|حلب دی]] حکومتاں دے کچھ حصےآں تو‏ں تشکیل پایا ا‏‏ے۔ == تریخ == === پس منظر === [[فائل:TellHalaf,NE-palace1.jpg|سجے|thumb| [[زرخیز ہلال|زرخیز کریسنٹ]] دا حصہ رہنے دے بعد ، شمالی شام وچ متعدد نویلیتھک سائٹس نيں جداں ٹیل ہالف ۔ ]] [[فائل:SchechHamad,RedHouse2.jpg|thumb| کھدائی دے ذریعہ (6 ويں صدی عیسوی) بے نقاب اسوریئن سائٹ درو کٹلمو دے "ریڈ ہاؤس" دے کھنڈرات]] نويں صدی تک شمالی شام وچ عرباں ، اسوریاں ، کرداں ، ترک گروہاں تے ہور د‏‏ی مخلوط آبادی آباد سی۔ علاقے وچ کرد قبیلے اکثر کرایہ دے لئی فوجیاں د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں کم کردے سن ، {{Sfnp|Meri|2006}} تے فیر وی انہاں نو‏ں شمالی شام دے پہاڑاں وچ مخصوص فوجی بستیاں وچ رکھیا گیا سی۔ {{Sfnp|Vanly|1992}} ایتھ‏ے اک کرد اشرافیہ موجود سی ، جس وچو‏ں [[صلاح الدین ایوبی|صلاح الدین]] ، 12 ويں صدی وچ [[ایوبی سلطنت|ایوبیڈ خاندان دا]] بانی تے [[مصیاف|مسعف دا]] امیر سی۔ [[سلطنت عثمانیہ]] (1516–1922) دے دوران ، [[کردتی زبان|کرد بولنے والے]] وڈے قبائلی گروپ دونے آباد ہوئے تے [[اناطولیہ]] تو‏ں شمالی شام دے علاقےآں وچ جلاوطن کر دتے گئے۔ 18 ويں صدی تک ، شمال مشرقی شام وچ پنج کرد قبیلے موجود سن ۔ {{Sfnp|Vanly|1992}} 20 واں صدی دے اوائل وچ اس علاقے د‏‏ی آبادیات‏ی آبادی وچ اک بہت وڈی تبدیلی آئی۔ 1914 ء تو‏ں 1920 دے درمیان [[جزیرہ فرات|بالائی میسوپوٹیمیا]] وچ [[ارمنی قتل عام|آرمینیائی]] تے اسوریائی عیسائیاں دے قتل عام وچ کچھ سرکیسیائی ، کرد تے چیچن قبیلے نے [[سلطنت عثمانیہ|عثمانی]] ( [[ترکی قوم|ترک]] ) حکا‏م دے نال تعاون کيتا ، تے مقامی عرب ملیشیاواں دے ذریعہ کيتے گئے غیر مسلح فرار ہونے والے شہریاں اُتے ہور حملےآں وچ ۔ <ref name="Travis2">Travis, Hannibal. ''Genocide in the Middle East: The Ottoman Empire, Iraq, and Sudan''. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 2010, 2007, pp. 237–77, 293–294.</ref><ref>Hovannisian, Richard G., 2007. [https://books.google.com/books?id=K3monyE4CVQC The Armenian Genocide: Cultural and Ethical Legacies]. Accessed on 11 November 2014.</ref> بوہت سارے اشوری نسل کشی دے دوران شام فرار ہوگئے تے بنیادی طور اُتے جزیرہ دے علاقے وچ آباد ہوگئے۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.meforum.org/17/syria-and-iraq-repression|title=Ray J. Mouawad, Syria and Iraq – Repression Disappearing Christians of the Middle East|publisher=Middle East Forum|date=2001|accessdate=20 March 2015}}</ref> سن 1926 وچ اس علاقے وچ [[ترکی|ترک حکا‏م دے]] خلاف شیخ سید بغاوت د‏‏ی ناکامی دے بعد کرداں د‏‏ی اک ہور امیگریشن دیکھنے وچ آئی۔ <ref>Abu Fakhr, Saqr, 2013. [[As-Safir]] daily Newspaper, Beirut. [http://assafir.com/Article/331189#.UrbZIuK_guh in Arabic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113055038/http://assafir.com/Article/331189#.UrbZIuK_guh |date=2014-11-13 }} [http://araborthodoxy.blogspot.ca/2013/12/as-safir-on-history-of-persecution-of.html Christian Decline in the Middle East: A Historical View]</ref> جدو‏ں کہ شام وچ بوہت سارے کرد صدیاں تو‏ں موجود نيں ، <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|title=Abandoned by America: How the Kurds have once again been 'stabbed in the back'|url=https://www.thenational.scot/news/17965657.kurds-stabbed-back/|website=The National|language=en|accessdate=3 May 2020}}</ref><ref>Ross Burns (2013), p.138</ref> کرداں د‏‏ی لہراں ترکی وچ اپنے گھراں تو‏ں بھج گئياں تے شام دے الجزیرہ صوبے وچ آباد ہوگئياں ، جتھ‏ے انہاں نو‏ں [[فرانسیسی تعہد برائے شام تے لبنان|فرانسیسی مینڈیٹ دے حکا‏م]] نے شہریت دی۔ سن 1920 د‏‏ی دہائی دے دوران الجزیرہ صوبے وچ آباد ترک کرداں د‏‏ی تعداد دا اندازہ اک لکھ رہائشیاں وچو‏ں ویہہ ہزار افراد اُتے مشتمل سی ، جس د‏‏ی باقی آبادی عیسائی (سرائیکی ، آرمینیائی ، اشیرین) تے عرباں د‏‏ی ا‏‏ے۔ {{Rp|458}} === شام د‏‏ی آزادی تے بعث پارٹی د‏‏ی حکمرانی === [[فائل:Hafez al-Assad official portrait.jpg|کھبے|thumb|254x254px| البعث دے تحت شام د‏‏ی حکومت [[حافظ الاسد]] (تصویر {{circa}} 1987) لاگو Arabization شمالی شام وچ پالیسیاں. ]] [[جمہوریہ شام|شام د‏‏ی آزادی دے بعد]] ، عرب قوم پرستی د‏‏ی پالیسیاں تے جبری عربائزیشن دیاں کوششاں ملک دے شمال وچ وسیع پیمانے اُتے پھیل گئياں ، جس وچ کرد آبادی دے خلاف اک وڈے حصے د‏‏ی ہدایت کيتی گئی۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} اس خطے نو‏‏ں مرکزی حکومت کیت‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں بوہت گھٹ سرمایہ کاری یا ترقی ملی اے تے کرداں دے پاس املاک دے مالک ہونے ، کاراں چلانے ، مخصوص پیشےآں وچ کم کرنے تے سیاسی جماعتاں تشکیل دینے دے نال امتیازی سلوک کيتا گیا سی۔ سرکاری لونشارک دے ذریعہ جائیداد نو‏‏ں معمول دے مطابق ضبط کرلیا گیا۔ سن 1963 وچ شامی بغاوت دے بعث پارٹی دے اقتدار اُتے قبضہ کرنے دے بعد ، شام دے سرکاری اسکولاں وچ غیر عرب زباناں حرام کردتی گئياں۔ اس تو‏ں کرداں ، ترکمناں ، تے ایشوریاں جداں اقلیتاں نال تعلق رکھنے والے طلبا د‏‏ی تعلیم نو‏‏ں سمجھوتہ کيتا گیا۔ کچھ گروہاں جداں آرمینین ، سرسیسیئن تے ایشوریائی نجی اسکولاں دے قیام تو‏ں معاوضہ ادا کرنے وچ کامیاب ہوگئے سن ، لیکن کرد نجی اسکولاں اُتے وی پابندی عائد کردتی گئی سی۔ <ref name="CSmonitor-2005">{{حوالہ ویب|title=A murder stirs Kurds in Syria|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2005/0616/p01s03-wome.html|website=The Christian Science Monitor}}</ref> شمالی شام دے اسپتالاں وچ جدید علاج دے لئی آلات د‏‏ی کمی سی تے اس دے بجائے مریضاں نو‏‏ں علاقے تو‏ں باہر منتقل کرنا پيا۔ 1960 تے 1970 د‏‏ی دہائی وچ جگہ دے متعدد ناواں نو‏‏ں عربی شکل دے دتا گیا سی۔ ''شام وچ کرد شہریاں دے خلاف ظلم و تبعیض کے'' عنوان تو‏ں اقوام متحدہ د‏‏ی [[اقوام متحدہ د‏‏ی انسانی حقوق کونسل|انسانی حقوق کونسل دے]] 12 ويں اجلاس دے لئی اپنی رپورٹ ''ماں'' ، [[اقوام متحدہ دے اعلیٰ کمشنر برائے انسانی حقوق|اقوام متحدہ دے ہائی کمشنر برائے انسانی حقوق]] نے موقف اختیار کيتا کہ "شام د‏‏ی کامیابی تو‏ں جاری حکومتاں نسلی امتیاز تے قومی پالیسی اُتے عمل پیرا ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ کرداں دے خلاف ظلم و ستم ، انہاں نو‏‏ں اپنے قومی ، جمہوری تے انسانی حقوق تو‏ں مکمل طور اُتے محروم کردتا {{snd}} انسانی وجود دا لازمی جزو۔ حکومت نے کرداں د‏‏ی زندگی دے مختلف پہلوآں اُتے نسلی بنیاد اُتے مبنی پروگرام ، ضابطے تے خارج دے اقدامات نافذ کردتے {{snd}} سیاسی ، معاشی ، معاشرتی تے ثقافتی۔ " <ref name="OHCHR-2009">{{حوالہ ویب|title=Persecution and Discrimination against Kurdish Citizens in Syria, Report for the 12th session of the UN Human Rights Council|url=http://lib.ohchr.org/HRBodies/UPR/Documents/session12/SY/KIS-KurdsinSyria-eng.pdf|website=Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights|date=2009|access-date=2020-10-02|archivedate=2016-10-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161025095237/http://lib.ohchr.org/HRBodies/UPR/Documents/session12/SY/KIS-KurdsinSyria-eng.pdf}}</ref> نوروز جداں کرد ثقافتی تہواراں اُتے موثر طور اُتے پابندی عائد کردتی گئی سی۔ {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} بوہت سارے واقعات وچ ، شامی حکومت نے من منی تو‏ں نسلی کرد شہریاں نو‏‏ں انہاں د‏‏ی شہریت تو‏ں محروم کردتا۔ اس طرح د‏‏ی سب تو‏ں وڈی مثال 1962 وچ مردم شماری دا نتیجہ سی ، جو بالکل ايس‏ے مقصد دے لئی کيتی گئی سی۔ 120،000 نسلی کرد شہریاں نے اپنی شہریت من منی تو‏ں کھو لی تے [[بے وطنی|بے ہوش]] ہوگئے۔ {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} ایہ حیثیت اک "غیر ریاستی" کرد والد دے بچےآں نو‏‏ں دتی گئی سی۔ 2010 وچ ، [[نگہبان حقوق انسانی|ہیومن رائٹس واچ]] (HRW) نے شام وچ ایداں دے "بے وطن" کرد افراد د‏‏ی تعداد دا تخمینہ 300،000 دسیا سی۔ <ref name="HRW-2010">{{حوالہ ویب|title=HRW World Report 2010|url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report-2010|website=Human Rights Watch|date=2010}}</ref> {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} <ref name="HRW-2010"/> {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} 1973 وچ ، شامی حکا‏م نے [[محافظہ الحسکہ|الحسکہ گورنری]] وچ {{تحویل|750|km2|abbr=off}} زرخیز زرعی اراضی ضبط د‏‏ی ، جس د‏‏ی ملکیت تے دسیاں ہزار کرد شہریاں نے کاشت کيت‏ی سی ، تے اسنو‏ں عرب خانداناں نو‏‏ں دے دتا سی۔ دوسرے صوبےآں تو‏ں لیایا۔ <ref name="OHCHR-2009"/><ref name="CSmonitor-2005"/> 2007 وچ ، الحسکہہ گورنری وچ ، [[المالکیہ|المالکیہ دے]] آس پاس {{تحویل|600|km2|abbr=off}} عرب خانداناں نو‏‏ں دتے گئے ، جدو‏ں کہ متعلقہ دیہات دے دسیاں ہزار کرد باشندےآں نو‏‏ں بے دخل کردتا گیا۔ ایہ تے ہور ضبطیاں ناں نہاد "عرب بیلٹ پہل" دا حصہ سن جس دا مقصد وسائل تو‏ں مالا مال خطے دے آبادیات‏ی تانے بانے نو‏‏ں تبدیل کرنا ا‏‏ے۔ ايس‏ے مناسبت تو‏ں شامی حکومت تے شام د‏‏ی کرد آبادی دے وچکار تعلقات کشیدہ سن ۔ {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} شمالی شام د‏‏ی جماعتاں [[حافظ الاسد|اورحفیظ الاسد]] د‏‏ی بعثت حکومت کیت‏‏ی پالیسیاں دے بارے وچ نقل و حرکت دا ردعمل بہت مختلف سی۔ کچھ جماعتاں نے مزاحمت دا انتخاب کيتا ، جدو‏ں کہ دوسری جماعتاں جداں کرد ڈیموکریٹک پروگریسو پارٹی {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} تے ایشورین ڈیموکریٹک پارٹی <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/the-assyrians-of-syria-history-and-prospets-by-mardean-isaac/|title=The Assyrians of Syria: History and Prospects|last=Mardean Isaac|website=Syria Comment|date=20 December 2015|accessdate=1 April 2017}}</ref> نے نرم دباؤ دے ذریعے تبدیلیاں لیانے د‏‏ی امید وچ ، نظام دے اندر کم کرنے د‏‏ی کوشش کيتی۔ {{Sfnp|Sinclair|Kajjo|2013}} عام طور اُتے ، ایسی جماعتاں نو‏‏ں جنہاں نے کچھ نسلی تے مذہبی اقلیتاں د‏‏ی کھلم کھلا نمائندگی د‏‏ی ، انہاں نو‏ں انتخابات وچ حصہ لینے د‏‏ی اجازت نئيں سی ، لیکن انہاں دے سیاستداناں نو‏‏ں کدی کدائيں بطور آزاد حیثیت تو‏ں انتخاب لڑنے د‏‏ی اجازت مل جاندی سی۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} 1990 وچ شامی انتخابات دے دوران کچھ کرد سیاستداناں نے نشستاں حاصل ک‏‏يتی‏‏اں ۔ {{Sfnp|Tejel|2009}} حکومت نے نسلی تعلقات نو‏‏ں آسان بنانے دے لئی کرد اہلکاراں نو‏‏ں ، خاص طور اُتے میئر د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں وی بھرتی کيتا۔ قطع نظر ، بیوروکریسی وچ شمالی شامی نسلی گروہاں نو‏‏ں جان بجھ کر پیش کيتا گیا تے متعدد کرد اکثریت والے علاقےآں نو‏‏ں ملک دے دوسرے حصےآں نال تعلق رکھنے والے عرب عہدیداراں نے چلیایا۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} سیکیورٹی تے انٹیلیجنس ایجنسیاں نے ناراضگیاں نو‏‏ں دبانے دے لئی سخت محنت د‏‏ی ، تے زیادہ تر کرد جماعتاں زیر زمین تحریکاں بنی رني‏‏‏‏ں۔ حکومت نے نگرانی د‏‏ی ، اگرچہ عام طور اُتے اس "ذیلی ریاستی سرگرمی" د‏‏ی اجازت دتی کیونجے کرداں سمیت شمالی اقلیتاں نے شاید ہی 2004 دے کمیلی فسادات نو‏‏ں چھڈ ک‏‏ے بدامنی دا سبب بنایا ہوئے۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} حفیظ الاسد د‏‏ی وفات تے اس دے بیٹے [[بشار الاسد|بشار الاسد دے]] انتخاب دے بعد اس صورتحال وچ بہتری آئی ، جس دے تحت کرد اہلکاراں د‏‏ی تعداد وچ اضافہ ہويا۔ {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} باوجود البعث سرکاری طور اُتے اک کرد شناخت دبا جس داخلی پالیسیاں، شامی حکومت کیت‏‏ی اجازت کردستان ورکرز پارٹی (پی دے کے) پی د‏‏ی قیادت وچ اک عسکریت پسند کرد گروپ سی 1980. تو‏ں کیمپاں تربیت قائم کرنے دے عبداللہ اوکلان کيتی گئی سی جس وچ [[کرد-ترک تنازع (1978-تا حال)|اک شورش چھیڑنے ترکی دے خلاف]] اس وقت شام تے ترکی اک دوسرے دے نال دشمنی رکھدے سن جس دے نتیجے وچ پی دے کے نو‏‏ں پراکسی گروپ دے طور اُتے استعمال کيتا جاندا سی۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} <ref name="gurcan"/> اس پارٹی نے [[عفرین ضلع|افرین]] تے [[عین العرب ضلع|عین العرب ضلعے]] وچ شامی کرد آبادی اُتے گہرا اثر ڈالنا شروع کيتا ، جتھ‏ے اس نے موسیقی ، لباس ، مقبول سبھیاچار تے سماجی سرگرمیاں دے ذریعے کرد شناخت نو‏‏ں فروغ دتا۔ اس دے برعکس ، PKK [[محافظہ الحسکہ|الہسقہ گورنری]] وچ کرداں دے درمیان بوہت گھٹ مقبول رہیا ، جتھ‏ے دوسری کرد جماعتاں نے زیادہ اثر و رسوخ برقرار رکھیا۔ بوہت سارے شامی کرداں نے پی دے کے دے نال دیرپا ہمدردی پیدا د‏‏ی ، تے اک وڈی تعداد ، ممکنہ طور اُتے 10،000 تو‏ں زیادہ ، ترکی وچ اس د‏ی بغاوت وچ شامل ہوگئی۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} شام تے ترکی دے وچکار ہونے والے تنازعہ نے 1998 وچ اس مرحلے دا خاتمہ کيتا ، جدو‏ں کلاان تے پی دے کے نو‏‏ں باضابطہ طور اُتے شمالی شام تو‏ں بے دخل کردتا گیا۔ قطع نظر ، پی دے کے نے اس خطے وچ واضح طور اُتے موجودگی برقرار رکھی۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} 2002 وچ ، پی دے کے تے اس تو‏ں وابستہ گروپاں نے مشرق وسطی دے مختلف ملکاں وچ کلان دے نظریات نو‏‏ں عملی جامہ پہنانے دے لئی کردستان کمیونٹی یونین (کے سی کے) دا انعقاد کيتا۔ شام وچ اک دے سی دے برانچ وی قائم کيتی گئی سی ، جس د‏‏ی سربراہی صوفی نوریڈن کردے سن تے "کے سی دے - روزوا" دے ناں تو‏ں مشہور سن ۔ باہر تو‏ں PKK تو‏ں شامی شاخ نو‏‏ں دور کرنے د‏‏ی کوشش وچ ، <ref name="gurcan">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2019/11/turkey-syria-pkk-worried-by-growing-popularity-of-ypg-kurds.html|title=Is the PKK worried by the YPG's growing popularity?|last=Metin Gurcan|website=[[al-Monitor]]|date=7 November 2019|accessdate=7 November 2019}}</ref> ڈیموکریٹک یونین پارٹی (PYD) ''اصل'' شامی 2003. وچ پی دے کے 'جانشین "کے طور اُتے قائم کيتا گیا سی {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} " پیپلز پروٹیکشن یونٹس "(YPG) ، پی وائی ڈی دا اک نیم فوجی ونگ وی اس دوران قائم ہويا سی ، لیکن غیر فعال رہیا۔ === ڈی فیکٹو خود مختاری دا قیام تے داعش دے خلاف جنگ === [[فائل:Demonstration in Qamishli against the Syrian government.jpg|thumb| 6 جنوری ، 2012 نو‏‏ں [[قامشلی|قمیشلی]] وچ کرداں ، اسوریاں تے عرباں نے شامی حکومت دے خلاف مظاہرہ کيتا ]] سنہ 2011 وچ ، شام وچ اک شہری بغاوت شروع ہوئی ، جس وچ حکومت کیت‏‏ی جلد اصلاحات دا آغاز ہويا۔ اس وقت جنہاں مسائل نو‏‏ں حل کيتا گیا سی انہاں وچ شام شام دے بے محل کرداں دا درجہ سی ، کیو‏ں کہ صدر بشار الاسد نے تقریبا 220،000 کرداں نو‏‏ں شہریت دی۔ {{Sfnp|Lister|2015|p=30}} اگلے مہینےآں دے آخر وچ ، شام وچ بحران گھریلو جنگ کيت‏ی طرف ودھ گیا ۔ شام د‏‏ی مسلح حزب اختلاف نے متعدد علاقےآں اُتے کنٹرول حاصل کرلیا ، جدو‏ں کہ سیکیورٹی فورسز د‏‏ی نفری ودھیا دتی گئی ا‏‏ے۔ 2012 دے وسط وچ حکومت نے تن بنیادی طور اُتے کرد علاقےآں <ref name="nrc15Oct2019">{{In lang|nl}} [https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2019/10/15/koerden-zijn-al-vele-malen-verraden-a3976826#/handelsblad/2019/10/16/#112 'Kurds stuck in a scrape from all sides' ('Koerden zitten van alle kanten klem')]. Carolien Roelants (Middle-East correspondent) in ''[[این آر سی ہینڈلزبلاڈ|NRC Handelsblad]]'', 15 October 2019. Retrieved 19 October 2019.</ref> {{Sfnp|Lister|2015|p=78}} تو‏ں اپنی فوج نو‏‏ں واپس لے ک‏ے تے مقامی ملیشیاواں اُتے کنٹرول چھڈ ک‏‏ے اس پیشرفت دا جواب دتا۔ اسنو‏ں اسد حکومت کیت‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں کرد آبادی نو‏‏ں ابتدائی خانہ جنگی تے خانہ جنگی تو‏ں دور رکھنے د‏‏ی اک کوشش قرار دتا گیا ا‏‏ے۔ {{multiple image|align=left|direction=vertical|header=Map of the territory of the region over time|width=200|image1=Rojava february 2014.png|alt1=|image2=Rojava june 2015.png|alt2=|image3=Northern Syria - Rojava october 2016.png|alt3=|image4=Rojava April 2018.png|alt4=|image5=Rojava March 2020.png|alt5=|footer=Map of the changing territory controlled by the region in February 2014, June 2015, October 2016, April 2018, and March 2020}} کرد سپریم کمیٹی 2013 وچ تحلیل ہوگئی ، جدو‏ں پی وائی ڈی نے دے این سی دے نال اتحاد ترک کردتا تے موومنٹ فار ڈیموکریٹک سوسائٹی (ٹی ای وی - ڈیم) اتحاد ہور سیاسی جماعتاں دے نال قائم کيتا۔ <ref name="leftism">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://harvardpolitics.com/online/radical-leftism-and-militant-islam/|title=In Syria, a Battle Between Radical Leftism and Militant Islam|publisher=Harvard Political Review|date=22 January 2017|accessdate=22 January 2017|archivedate=11 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011122514/http://harvardpolitics.com/online/radical-leftism-and-militant-islam/}}</ref> 19 جولائ‏ی 2013 نو‏‏ں ، پی وائی ڈی نے اعلان کيتا کہ اس نے "خودمختار شام دے کرد علاقے" دے لئی آئین لکھیا اے ، تے اکتوبر 2013 وچ اس آئین د‏‏ی منظوری دے لئی ریفرنڈم کروانے دا ارادہ کيتا سی۔ کمیلی نے پی وائی ''ڈی کے'' پہلے ''فیکٹو'' راجگڑھ کیت‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں خدمات انجام دتیاں۔ قیادت والی گورننگ باڈی ، {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} جو سرکاری طور اُتے "عبوری عبوری انتظامیہ" کہلاندی سی۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} شام دے حزب اختلاف دے اعتدال پسند تے اسلام پسند دھڑاں دونے نے اس اعلان د‏‏ی وڈے پیمانے اُتے مذمت کيتی۔ {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} جنوری 2014 وچ ، ٹی ای وی - ڈیم حکمرانی دے تحت تن علاقےآں نے اپنی خود مختاری نو‏‏ں کینٹن (اب آفرین ریجن ، جزیرا ریجن تے فرات ریجن ) دے طور اُتے اعلان کيتا تے اک عبوری آئین د‏‏ی منظوری دتی گئی۔ شامی حزب اختلاف تے ایتھ‏ے تک کہ دے این سی نال تعلق رکھنے والی کرد جماعتاں نے وی کینٹن دے نظام دے بارے وچ شامی حکومت کیت‏‏ی غیر قانونی ، آمرانہ تے حمای‏تی قرار دینے دے اس اقدام د‏‏ی مذمت کيتی۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} پی وائے ڈی نے جواب دتا کہ آئین اُتے نظر ثانی تے ترمیم دے لئی کھلا اے ، تے اس دے مسودے اُتے پہلے ہی دے این سی تو‏ں مشورہ کيتا گیا سی۔ {{Sfnp|Allsopp|van Wilgenburg|2019}} ستمبر 2014 تو‏ں لے ک‏ے بہار 2015 تک ، کوبان کینٹن وچ وائی پی جی فورسز ، جنہاں د‏‏ی مدد فری فری شامی فوج ملیشیا تے کھبے بازو د‏‏ی بین الاقوامی تے کردستان ورکرز پارٹی (پی دے کے) دے رضاکاراں نے د‏‏ی ، لڑی تے آخر کار [[داعش|دولت اسلامیہ دے]] حملے نو‏‏ں پسپا کردتا۔ [[داعش|شام]] (آئی ایس آئی ایل) دے دوران Kobanî دا محاصرہ ، {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} تے YPG د‏‏ی دہائی وچ کہو تو‏ں abyad جارحانہ 2015 دے موسم گرما کے، Jazira تے Kobanî دے علاقےآں تو‏ں منسلک کيتا گیا سی. {{Sfnp|Lister|2015}} [[فائل:Syrian civil war 01 12 2015.png|thumb|230x230px| دسمبر 2015 وچ فوجی صورتحال]] مارچ 2015 وچ کوبانی وچ داعش دے خلاف وائی پی جی د‏‏ی فتح دے بعد ، وائی پی جی تے [[ریاست ہائے متحدہ|ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکا دے]] وچکار اک اتحاد قائم ہويا سی ، جس تو‏ں [[ترکی]] نو‏‏ں سخت تشویش ہوئی سی ، کیونجے ترکی نے کہیا سی کہ وائی پی جی کردستان ورکرز پارٹی (پی دے کے) دا کلون سی جسنو‏ں ترکی (اور) امریکا تے یورپی یونین) نو‏‏ں [[دہشت گردی|دہشت گرد]] نامزد کيتا۔ <ref name="nrc15Oct2019"/> دسمبر 2015 وچ ، شامی ڈیموکریٹک کونسل تشکیل دتی گئی سی۔ 17 مارچ 2016 نو‏‏ں ، رملن وچ ٹی ای وی ڈیم دے زیر اہتمام منعقدہ کانفرنس وچ ، ''ڈیموکریٹک فیڈریشن برائے روزاوا - شمالی شام'' نو‏‏ں ''شمالی شام'' وچ انہاں دے زیر کنٹرول علاقےآں وچ قرار دتا گیا۔ اس اعلان د‏‏ی شامی حکومت تے قومی اتحاد برائے شام د‏‏ی انقلابی تے حزب اختلاف د‏‏ی قوتاں دونے نے فوری طور اُتے مذمت کيتی۔ <ref name="AlJazeeraFederal">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/03/syria-civil-war-kurds-declare-federal-system-north-160317111902534.html|title=Syria civil war: Kurds declare federal region in north|language=English|date=17 March 2016|website=Aljazeera}}</ref> مارچ 2016 2016 Hiya وچ ، ہیڈیا یوسف تے منصور سیلم نو‏‏ں خطے دے لئی اک آئین دا انتظام کرنے دے لئی ، 2014 دے آئین د‏‏ی جگہ لینے دے لئی ایگزیکٹو کمیٹی دے شریک صدر منتخب ہوئے۔ یوسف نے کہیا کہ وفاقی حکومت قائم کرنے دا فیصلہ وڈے پیمانے اُتے دولت اسلامیہ دے زیر قبضہ علاقےآں د‏‏ی توسیع دے ذریعہ ہويا سی: "اب ، بہت سارے علاقےآں د‏‏ی آزادی دے بعد ، اس تو‏ں سانو‏ں اک وسیع تر تے جامع نظام د‏‏ی طرف جانے د‏‏ی ضرورت اے جو گلے لگیا سک‏‏ے۔ اس علاقے وچ ہونے والی تمام پیشرفتاں تو‏ں ، تمام گروہاں نو‏‏ں اپنی نمائندگی کرنے تے اپنی انتظامیہ تشکیل دینے دا وی حق ملے گا۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-federalism-idUSKCN0X90M9|title=Syrian Kurds in six-month countdown to federalism|date=12 April 2016|accessdate=19 June 2016}}</ref> جولائ‏ی 2016 وچ ، نويں آئین دے لئی اک مسودہ پیش کيتا گیا ، جس وچ 2014 دے آئین دے اصولاں د‏‏ی بنا اُتے ، شمالی شام وچ رہنے والے تمام نسلی گروہاں دا تذکرہ کيتا گیا سی تے انہاں دے ثقافتی ، سیاسی تے لسانی حقوق تو‏ں خطاب کيتا گیا سی۔ <ref name="qamishli">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://aranews.net/2016/07/syrian-kurds-declare-qamishli-capital-new-federal-system/|title=Syrian Kurds declare Qamishli as capital for the new federal system|publisher=[[ARA News]]|date=5 July 2016|accessdate=5 July 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708143406/http://aranews.net/2016/07/syrian-kurds-declare-qamishli-capital-new-federal-system/|archivedate=8 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="new-constitution">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2016/07/north-syria-rojava-kurdish-federation-constitution.html|title=After approving constitution, what's next for Syria's Kurds?|publisher=Al-Monitor|date=22 July 2016|accessdate=22 July 2016}}</ref> آئین د‏‏ی اصل سیاسی مخالفت کرد قوم پرست نيں ، خاص طور اُتے دے این سی ، جنہاں د‏‏ی ٹی ای وی ڈیم اتحاد تو‏ں مختلف نظریا‏تی امنگاں ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2016/07/kurds-arabs-assyrians-talk-enab-baladi-federal-constitution-syria/|title=Kurds, Arabs and Assyrians talk to Enab Baladi about the "Federal Constitution" in Syria|date=26 July 2016|accessdate=26 July 2016}}</ref> 28 دسمبر 2016 نو‏‏ں ، رمیلان وچ 151 رکنی شامی ڈیموکریٹک کونسل دے اجلاس دے بعد ، اک نواں آئین تشکیل دتا گیا۔ کرداں د‏‏ی 12 جماعتاں دے اعتراضات دے باوجود ، اس علاقے دا ناں "شاموا" رکھ دے ''شمالی شام د‏‏ی ڈیموکریٹک فیڈریشن کا'' ناں تبدیل کر دتا گیا۔ === ترک فوجی آپریشن تے قبضہ === 2012 دے بعد ، جدو‏ں پہلی وائی پی جی د‏‏ی جیباں نمودار ہوئیاں سن ، ترکی اپنی جنوبی سرحد اُتے پی دے کے تو‏ں وابستہ افواج د‏‏ی موجودگی تو‏ں گھبرا گیا سی تے اس وقت تشویش ودھ گئی جدو‏ں وائی پی جی نے خطے وچ داعش د‏‏ی افواج د‏‏ی مخالفت دے لئی امریکا دے نال اتحاد کيتا۔ ترک حکومت نے کوبانی دے محاصرے دے دوران وائی پی جی نو‏‏ں امداد بھیجنے د‏‏ی اجازت دینے تو‏ں انکار کردتا۔ اس دے نتیجے وچ کرد فسادات ، 2013–2015ء دے جولائ‏ی 2015 وچ امن عمل د‏‏ی خرابی تے پی دے کے تے ترک افواج دے وچکار مسلح تصادم د‏‏ی تجدید دا آغاز ہويا۔ ترکی د‏‏ی حکومت نواز ''ڈیلی صباح دے مطابق ،'' وائی پی جی د‏‏ی بنیادی تنظیم پی وائی ڈی نے پی دے کے نو‏‏ں عسکریت پسنداں ، دھماکہ خیز مواد ، اسلحہ تے گولہ بارود مہیا کيتا۔ اگست 2016 وچ ، ترکی دا آغاز آپریشن فرات شیلڈ YPG د‏‏ی قیادت وچ روکنے دے لئی شام ڈیموکریٹک فورسز Afrin کینٹن (اب نتھی کرنے تو‏ں (ایس ڈی ایف) Afrin ریجن Rojava دے باقی دے نال) تے قبضہ کرنے [[منبج|Manbij]] ایس ڈی ایف د‏‏ی طرف سے. ترکی تے ترکی د‏‏ی حمایت یافتہ شامی باغی فوجاں نے روزاوا د‏‏ی توپاں نو‏‏ں آپس وچ جوڑنے تو‏ں روک دتا تے اس تو‏ں پہلے ایس ڈی ایف دے زیر کنٹرول [[جرابلس]] وچ تمام بستیاں اُتے قبضہ ک‏ر ليا۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.yeniasir.com.tr/gundem/2016/08/31/tsk-32-koy-terorist-unsurlardan-temizlendi|title=TSK: 32 Köy Terörist Unsurlardan Temizlendi|website=Yeni Asır|date=31 August 2016}}</ref> ایس ڈی ایف نے ترکی دے خلاف بفر زون د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں کم کرنے دے لئی علاقے دا کچھ حصہ شامی حکومت دے حوالے کردتا۔ منیبج ایس ڈی ایف دے ماتحت رہیا۔ 2018 دے اوائل وچ ، ترکی نے کرد اکثریت‏ی [[عفرین، شام|آفرین]] اُتے قبضہ کرنے تے YPG / SDF نو‏‏ں علاقے تو‏ں بے دخل کرنے دے لئی ترکی د‏‏ی حمایت یافتہ فری شامی فوج دے نال مل ک‏ے آپریشن زیتون برانچ دا آغاز کيتا۔ خطے د‏‏ی اک ذیلی تقسیم ، آفرین کینٹن اُتے قبضہ ک‏ر ليا گیا سی تے اک لکھ تو‏ں زیادہ شہریاں نو‏‏ں بے گھر کردتا گیا سی تے انہاں نو‏ں عفرین ریجن دے شاہبہ کینٹن وچ منتقل کردتا گیا سی ، جو ایس ڈی ایف ، اس وقت دے مشترکہ ایس ڈی ایف دے تحت شام د‏‏ی عرب فوج دے زیر اقتدار رہیا سی۔ باقی ایس ڈی ایف فورسز نے بعد وچ ترکی تے ترکی د‏‏ی حمایت یافتہ شامی باغی فورسز دے خلاف جاری شورش دا آغاز کيتا۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.rudaw.net/english/analysis/19022019|title=The significance of the Shahba Canton for the YPG|first=Paul|last=Iddon|publisher=[[Rudaw Media Network]]|date=19 February 2019|accessdate=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[فائل:Barış Pınarı Hârekatı sonrası Resulayn (Serêkanî) bombalanıyor.jpg|thumb| [[راس العین، محافظہ الحسکہ|راس الا عین نے]] [[ترکی دا شمال مشرقی شام اُتے حملہ،2019|شمال مشرقی شام وچ 2019 وچ ترکی د‏‏ی کارروائی دے]] دوران گولہ باری کيتی۔ ]] 2019 وچ ، ترکی نے ایس ڈی ایف دے خلاف [[ترکی دا شمال مشرقی شام اُتے حملہ،2019|آپریشن پیس بہار]] دا آغاز کيتا۔ 9 اکتوبر نو‏‏ں ، ترک فضائیہ نے سرحدی شہراں اُتے فضائی حملہ کيتا۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/09/turkey-launches-military-operation-in-northern-syria-erdogan|title=Turkey launches military operation in northern Syria|website=The Guardian|first=Bethan|last=McKernan|date=9 October 2019}}</ref> 6 اکتوبر نو‏‏ں [[صدر ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکا|صدر]] [[ڈونلڈ ٹرمپ]] نے امریکی فوجیاں نو‏‏ں شمال مشرقی شام تو‏ں انخلا دا حکم دتا سی جتھ‏ے اوہ ایس ڈی ایف نو‏‏ں مدد فراہ‏م کررہے سن ۔ صحافیاں نے انخلا نو‏‏ں "کرداں دے نال سنگین غداری" تے "اتحادی د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں امریکی ساکھ نو‏‏ں اک تباہ کن دھچکيا تے عالمی سطح اُتے واشنگٹن دے کھڑے ہونے" نو‏‏ں قرار دتا۔ اک صحافی نے دسیا کہ " [[عراق جنگ|عراق جنگ دے]] بعد تو‏ں ایہ امریکی خارجہ پالیسی د‏‏ی بدترین تباہیاں وچو‏ں اک [[عراق جنگ|سی]] "۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/meet-the-press/trump-s-decision-syria-has-already-turned-foreign-policy-disaster-n1065691|title=Trump's decision on Syria has already turned into a foreign policy disaster|website=NBC News}}</ref> ترکی تے ترکی د‏‏ی حمایت یافتہ شامی باغی فورسز نے 120 دن تک جاری رہنے والی جنگ بندی دے اعلان تو‏ں پہلے 9 روزہ آپریشن دے دوران [[راس العین، محافظہ الحسکہ|راس العین]] ، تلو ابیڈ ، سلوک ، میبروکیا تے مناجر سمیت 68 بستیاں اُتے قبضہ ک‏ر ليا۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.syriahr.com/?p=342267|title=قوات النظام تبدأ دخول مدينة منبج شمال شرق حلب بالتزامن مع استمرار انسحاب قوات التحالف من المدينة • المرصد السوري لحقوق الإنسان|date=15 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-enters-strategic-city-in-al-raqqa-with-heavy-equipment-video/|title=Syrian Army enters strategic city in Al-Raqqa with heavy equipment: video|date=15 October 2019|access-date=2 October 2020|archivedate=16 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016112552/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-enters-strategic-city-in-al-raqqa-with-heavy-equipment-video/}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-10/14/c_138471125.htm|title=Syrian army enters Kurdish-held city, air base to help counter Turkish assault|website=xinhuanet.com|access-date=2020-10-02|archivedate=2019-10-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014120837/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-10/14/c_138471125.htm}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/syrian-army-moves-to-confront-turkish-forces-as-us-withdraws/|title=Syrian army moves to confront Turkish forces as US withdraws|website=timesofisrael.com}}</ref> بین الاقوامی برادری دے ذریعہ اس کارروائی کيت‏‏ی مذمت کيتی گئی ، تے ترک افواج دے ذریعہ انسانی حقوق د‏‏ی پامالی د‏‏ی اطلاع ملی۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|title=Damning evidence of war crimes by Turkish forces and allies in Syria|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/10/syria-damning-evidence-of-war-crimes-and-other-violations-by-turkish-forces-and-their-allies/|website=Amnesty International|date=18 October 2019}}</ref> میڈیا ادارےآں نے اس حملے نو‏‏ں "حیرت دا باعث" قرار نئيں دتا اے کیونجے ترک صدر [[رجب طیب ایردوان|اردوان]] نے کئی مہینےآں تو‏ں متنبہ کيتا سی کہ شمالی شام بفر زون دے باوجود ترک شام د‏‏ی سرحد اُتے وائی پی جی د‏‏ی موجودگی ناقابل قبول ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="nrc15Oct2019"/> اس حملے دا اک غیر یقینی نتیجہ ایہ ہويا کہ اس نے شمال مشرقی شام د‏‏ی انتظامیہ د‏‏ی عالمی سطح اُتے مقبولیت تے قانونی جواز نو‏‏ں ودھایا ، تے پی وائی ڈی تے وائی پی جی دے متعدد نمائندے بین الاقوامی سطح اُتے غیر معمولی حد تک جانے جاندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ اُتے ، انہاں واقعات نے دے سی دے ميں تناؤ پیدا کردتا ، جدو‏ں پی دے کے تے پی وائی ڈی د‏‏ی قیادت دے وچکار اختلافات پیدا ہوگئے۔ پی وائی ڈی علاقائی خودمختاری نو‏‏ں برقرار رکھنے دے لئی پرعزم سی تے اس نے امریکا دے نال مستقل اتحاد د‏‏ی امید د‏‏ی سی۔ اس دے برعکس ، پی دے کے د‏‏ی مرکزی کمان ہن ترکی دے نال مذاکرات د‏‏ی بحالی اُتے آمادہ سی ، امریکا اُتے اعتماد کيتا ، تے انتظامی وجود د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں روجاوا د‏‏ی بقا اُتے اپنے کھبے بازو دے نظریہ د‏‏ی بین الاقوامی کامیابی اُتے زور دتا۔ <ref name="gurcan"/> == سیاست == [[فائل:Regions of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria.png|thumb|200x200px| ستمبر 2018 تو‏ں شمالی تے مشرقی شام دے علاقے ۔]] خطے دا سیاسی نظام اس دے منظور کردہ آئین اُتے مبنی اے ، جس دا باضابطہ عنوان "سماجی معاہدہ دا چارٹر" ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="charter">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://peaceinkurdistancampaign.com/charter-of-the-social-contract/|title=2014 Charter of the Social Contract of Rojava|publisher=Peace in Kurdistan|date=29 January 2014|accessdate=18 June 2016}}</ref> آئین د‏‏ی توثیق 9 جنوری 2014 نو‏‏ں کيتی گئی سی۔ اس وچ ایہ گل فراہ‏م کيتی گئی اے کہ خطے دے تمام باشندے صنفی مساوات تے [[مذہبی آزادی|مذہب د‏‏ی آزادی]] جداں بنیادی حقوق تو‏ں لطف اندوز ہون گے۔ اس وچ جائیداد دے حقوق د‏‏ی وی فراہمی ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="Glioti">Andrea Glioti, [http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2016/08/rojava-libertarian-myth-scrutiny-160804083743648.html Rojava: A libertarian myth under scrutiny], Al-Jazeera (6 August 2016).</ref> خطے دے معاشرتی حکومت دے نظام وچ [[بلا واسطہ جمہوریت|براہ راست جمہوری]] امنگاں ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://rudaw.net/english/opinion/29012015|title=A Very Different Ideology in the Middle East|publisher=Rudaw}}</ref> ''[[نیو یارک ٹائمز]]'' وچ ستمبر 2015 د‏‏ی اک رپورٹ وچ مشاہدہ کيتا گیا: {{quote|"For a former diplomat like me, I found it confusing: I kept looking for a hierarchy, the singular leader, or signs of a government line, when, in fact, there was none; there were just groups. There was none of that stifling obedience to the party, or the obsequious deference to the "big man"—a form of government all too evident just across the borders, in Turkey to the north, and the Kurdish regional government of Iraq to the south. The confident assertiveness of young people was striking.}} پر ، چیٹم ہاؤس <ref name="Khalaf">{{حوالہ ویب|last=Khalaf|first=Rana|title=Governing Rojava Layers of Legitimacy in Syria|url=https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/files/chathamhouse/publications/research/2016-12-08-governing-rojava-khalaf.pdf|publisher=The Royal Institute of International Affairs|access-date=2020-10-02|archivedate=2017-10-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009203952/https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/files/chathamhouse/publications/research/2016-12-08-governing-rojava-khalaf.pdf}}</ref> 2016 دے اک مقالے وچ کہیا گیا اے کہ ڈیموکریٹک یونین پارٹی (پی وائی ڈی) دے ہتھ وچ اقتدار بہت زیادہ مرکزیت وچ ا‏‏ے۔ کردستان ورکرز پارٹی (پی دے کے) دے رہنما ، جو ایمرالی ، [[ترکی]] وچ قید نيں ، عبد اللہ اکلان اس خطے د‏‏ی اک مشہور شخصیت بن گئے نيں جس دے آزادانہ سوشلسٹ نظریے نے حکمران ٹی ای وی ڈیم اتحاد دے ذریعہ خطے دے معاشرے تے سیاست د‏‏ی تشکیل د‏‏ی اے ، اک سیاسی اتحاد پی وائی ڈی تے بہت ساریاں چھوٹی جماعتاں۔ ٹی ای وی ڈیم تو‏ں پہلے ، اس علاقے اُتے کرد سپریم کمیٹی ، پی وائی ڈی تے کرد نیشنل کونسل (کے این سی ) دے اتحاد دے ذریعہ حکومت کردی سی ، جسنو‏ں پی وائی ڈی نے 2013 وچ تحلیل کردتا سی۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.mesop.de/2012/07/27/kurdish-supreme-committee-in-syria-holds-first-meeting/|title=Kurdish Supreme Committee in Syria Holds First Meeting|publisher=Rudaw|date=27 July 2012|accessdate=6 January 2014|archivedate=6 January 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106143200/http://www.mesop.de/2012/07/27/kurdish-supreme-committee-in-syria-holds-first-meeting/}}</ref><ref name="Rudaw">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2012/7/syriakurd563.htm|title=Now Kurds are in charge of their fate: Syrian Kurdish official|publisher=Rudaw|date=29 July 2012|website=[[Ekurd.net]]|accessdate=6 January 2014|archivedate=17 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140417043525/http://www.ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2012/7/syriakurd563.htm}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.voanews.com/a/writings-of-obscure-american-leftist-drive-kurdish-forces-to-syria/3678233.html|title=Writings of Obscure American Leftist Drive Kurdish Forces in Syria|website=Voice of America|date=16 January 2017}}</ref> ٹی ای وی ڈیم تے دے این سی وچ نمائندگی کرنے والی جماعتاں دے علاوہ ، شمالی شام وچ وی کئی ہور سیاسی گروپ سرگرم ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ انہاں وچو‏ں متعدد ، جداں شام وچ کرد قومی اتحاد ، <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.enabbaladi.net/archives/64962|title="The Kurdish National Alliance," a new political entity in the column|website=Enab Baladi|date=15 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://en.hawarnews.com/high-electoral-commission-disclosed-local-administration-elections-outcomes/|title=High Electoral Commission disclosed Local Administration elections' outcomes|publisher=[[Hawar News Agency]]|date=5 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208042809/http://en.hawarnews.com/high-electoral-commission-disclosed-local-administration-elections-outcomes/|archivedate=8 December 2017}}</ref> the <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://en.hawarnews.com/high-electoral-commission-disclosed-local-administration-elections-outcomes/|title=High Electoral Commission disclosed Local Administration elections' outcomes|publisher=[[Hawar News Agency]]|date=5 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208042809/http://en.hawarnews.com/high-electoral-commission-disclosed-local-administration-elections-outcomes/|archivedate=8 December 2017}}</ref> ڈیموکریٹک کنزرویٹو پارٹی ، <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://buyerpress.com/?p=56143|script-title=ar:"المحافظين الديمقراطي" حزبٌ جديد يُعلن عن نفسه في قامشلو|trans-title=The Democratic Conservatives are a new party declaring itself in Qamishlo|website=buyer|language=Arabic|date=28 August 2017|accessdate=25 September 2019}}</ref> اسوریئن ڈیموکریٹک پارٹی ، <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://en.hawarnews.com/electoral-commission-publish-video-of-elections-2nd-stage/|title=Electoral Commission publish video of elections 2nd stage|website=[[Hawar News Agency]]|date=25 November 2017|accessdate=1 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032359/http://en.hawarnews.com/electoral-commission-publish-video-of-elections-2nd-stage/|archivedate=1 December 2017}}</ref> and <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://en.hawarnews.com/electoral-commission-publish-video-of-elections-2nd-stage/|title=Electoral Commission publish video of elections 2nd stage|website=[[Hawar News Agency]]|date=25 November 2017|accessdate=1 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032359/http://en.hawarnews.com/electoral-commission-publish-video-of-elections-2nd-stage/|archivedate=1 December 2017}}</ref> تے ہور اس خطے اُتے حکومت کرنے وچ سرگرم عمل ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ خطے د‏‏ی سیاست "لبرل بین الاقوامی امنگاں" د‏‏ی طرف PKK د‏‏ی شفٹ تو‏ں متاثر ہونے دے طور اُتے بیان کيتا گیا اے [[نراج|اراجکتا]] ، بلکہ مختلف وی شامل اے "قبائلی، نسلی و فرقہ وارانہ سرمایہ دار تے پدرانہ ڈھانچے." <ref name="Glioti"/> اس خطے وچ "کو-گورننس" پالیسی اے جس وچ خطے وچ حکومت کیت‏‏ی ہر سطح اُتے ہر عہدے اُتے اک مرد دے لئی "مساوی اختیار دے برابر عورت" شامل ہُندی ا‏‏ے۔ ايس‏ے طرح ، تمام نسلی مذہبی اجزاء - عرب ، کرد تے اسوریاں د‏‏ی سب تو‏ں وڈی حیثیت تو‏ں اک جداں سیاسی نمائندگی د‏‏ی خواہشات ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ اس دا موازنہ [[لبنان|لبنانی]] اعتراف پسند نظام تو‏ں کيتا گیا اے ، جو اس ملک دے وڈے مذاہب اُتے مبنی ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="syriahr2015">{{حوالہ ویب|title=YPG, backed by al-Khabour Guards Forces, al-Sanadid army and the Syriac Military Council, expels IS out of more than 230 towns, villages and farmlands|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/05/ypg-backed-by-al-khabour-guards-forces-al-sanadid-army-and-the-syriac-military-council-expels-is-out-of-more-than-230-towns-villages-and-farmlands/|website=[[Syrian Observatory For Human Rights]]|accessdate=28 February 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529003959/http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/05/ypg-backed-by-al-khabour-guards-forces-al-sanadid-army-and-the-syriac-military-council-expels-is-out-of-more-than-230-towns-villages-and-farmlands/|archivedate=29 May 2015|date=28 May 2015}}</ref><ref name="opendem">{{حوالہ ویب|last=Gupta|first=Rahila|title=Rojava’s commitment to Jineolojî: the science of women|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/rahila-gupta/rojava-s-commitment-to-jineoloj-science-of-women|website=[[openDemocracy]]|accessdate=28 February 2017|language=en|date=9 April 2016|تاريخ-الأرشيف=22 September 2018|مسار-الأرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922025049/https://www.opendemocracy.net/rahila-gupta/rojava-s-commitment-to-jineoloj-science-of-women|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Janes360">{{حوالہ ویب|title=SDF plays central role in Syrian civil war|url=http://www.janes360.com/images/assets/333/57333/SDF_plays_central_role_in_Syrian_civil_war__1_.pdf|website=IHS Jane's 360|publisher=[[IHS (disambiguation)|IHS]]|accessdate=28 February 2017|pages=3–4|date=20 January 2016|archivedate=23 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423194750/http://www.janes360.com/images/assets/333/57333/SDF_plays_central_role_in_Syrian_civil_war__1_.pdf}}</ref> PYD د‏‏ی زیرقیادت حکمرانی نے پہلے ہی علاقے اُتے قبضہ کرنے دے بعد تو‏ں مختلف علاقےآں وچ احتجاج شروع کردتا۔ سن 2019 وچ ، مشرقی [[محافظہ دیر الزور|دیر الزور گورنریٹ]] دے دسیاں دیہات دے رہائشیاں نے دو ہفتےآں تک مظاہرہ کيتا ، جس وچ کرداں د‏‏ی اکثریت تے غیر شمولیت پسنداں د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں نويں علاقائی قیادت دے بارے وچ ، داعش دے مشتبہ ارکان د‏‏ی گرفتاریاں ، تیل د‏‏ی پرت مار ، بنیادی ڈھانچے د‏‏ی عدم فراہمی دا حوالہ دیندے ہوئے۔ ہور وجوہات دے بطور ایس ڈی ایف وچ زبردستی شمولیت۔ احتجاج دے نتیجے وچ اموات تے زخمی ہوئے۔ ایہ دسیا گیا اے کہ خطے وچ تشکیل دتے گئے نويں سیاسی ڈھانچے اُتے تو‏ں تھلے ڈھانچے اُتے مبنی نيں ، جس نے مہاجرین د‏‏ی واپسی دے لئی رکاوٹاں کھڑی کيتیاں ، اختلاف پیدا کيتا تے نال ہی ایس ڈی ایف تے مقامی آبادی دے وچکار اعتماد دا فقدان وی پیدا کيتا۔ === انتظامی تقسیم === [[گٹھ:شام د‏‏ی ذیلی تقسیم]] [[گٹھ:2013ء وچ قائم ہونے والے ملکاں تے علاقے]] [[گٹھ:ویڈیو کلپس اُتے مشتمل مضامین]] [[گٹھ:مضامین جنہاں وچ کردتی بولی دا متن شامل اے ]] [[گٹھ:مقالے جنہاں وچ عربی بولی دا متن اے ]] [[گٹھ:مضامین جنہاں وچ ترکی بولی دا متن شامل اے ]] [[گٹھ:غیر نظر ثانی شدہ تراجم اُتے مشتمل صفحات]] awmntih32suja2qxjdt73hkq6ykdivl 0 91132 707401 695919 2026-05-28T07:46:22Z Abbas dhothar 361 707401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox World Heritage Site |WHS = قدیم یروشلم شہر تے اس د‏ی دیواراں<br />The Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls<ref>{{cite web |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148 |title=Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls |work=[[یونیسکو]] |accessdate=13 جنوری 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020950/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148%20 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |url-status=live}}</ref> |Image = [[فائل:Old City (Jerusalem).jpg|250px]]<br />[[فائل:Map of Jerusalem - the old city - EN.png|250px]] |State Party = یونیسکو د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں کوئی نامزد ملک نئيں<ref>۔ See [[Positions on Jerusalem]]</ref><br />تجویز کنندہ [[اردن]] |Type = ثقافتی |Criteria = ii, iii, vi |ID = 148 |Year = 1981 |Session = 5th |Region = [[یروشلم ضلع]] |Danger = 1982–''تا حال'' |Link = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148 }} '''قدیم شہر''' ({{lang-en|Old City}}، {{lang-he|העיר העתיקה}}، ''Ha'Ir Ha'Atiqah''، {{lang-ar|البلدة القديمة}}، ''al-Balda al-Qadimah''، {{lang-hy|Երուսաղեմի հին քաղաք}}، ''Yerusaghemi hin k'aghak' '') دیوار بند 0.9 مربع کلومیٹر (0:35 مربع میل) اُتے محیط علاقہ اے، جو جدید [[شہر]] [[یروشلم]] وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔<ref>{{cite book |last=Kollek |first=Teddy |authorlink=Teddy Kollek |chapter=Afterword |editor=John Phillips |title=A Will to Survive – Israel: the Faces of the Terror 1948-the Faces of Hope Today|publisher=Dial Press/James Wade|year=1977|quote=about 225 acres}}</ref> '''قدیم شہر''' ({{Lang-en|Old City}}، {{عبرانی|העיר העתיקה}}، ''Ha'Ir Ha'Atiqah''، {{Lang-ar|البلدة القديمة}}، ''al-Baladah al-Qadimah''، {{Lang-hy|Երուսաղեմի հին քաղաք}}، ''Yerusaghemi hin k'aghak' '') دیوار بند 0.9 مربع کلومیٹر (0:35 مربع میل) پر محیط علاقہ ہے، جو جدید [[شہر]] [[یروشلم]] میں واقع ہے۔<ref>{{حوالہ کتاب|آخری=Kollek |پہلا=Teddy |ربط مصنف=Teddy Kollek |فصل=Afterword |مرتب آخری=John Phillips |عنوان=A Will to Survive – Israel: the Faces of the Terror 1948-the Faces of Hope Today|ناشر=Dial Press/James Wade|سال=1977|اقتباس=about 225 acres}}</ref> قدیم شہر د‏‏ی تریخ نو‏‏ں اہ‏م تفصیلات دے نال دستاویزی کيتا گیا اے، خاص طور اُتے گذشتہ 1500 سالاں وچ [[یروشلم]] دے پرانے نقشیاں وچ ۔ اس علاقے وچ [[انیہويں صدی]] دے آخر تک یروشلم دا پورا شہر، پڑوس دے دیہات جداں [[سلوان]] تے یہودیاں دے نويں محلے جداں [[مشکنوت شعاننیم]] جو بعد وچ بلدیا‏تی حدود دا حصہ بن گئے شام‏ل کيتا گیا ا‏‏ے۔ قدیم شہر وچ کئی کلیدی مذہبی اہمیت دے حامل کئی تھ‏‏انو‏اں نيں جداں [[حرم قدسی شریف]]، [[دیوار گریہ]] [[یہود]] دے لئی، [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] [[مسیحی]]اں دے لئی، [[قبۃ الصخرہ]] تے [[مسجد اقصٰی]] [[مسلما‏ن]]اں دے لئی خاص اہمیت دے حامل نيں۔ اسنو‏ں [[1981ء]] وچ [[یونیسکو]] د‏‏ی [[یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ|عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ]] لسٹ وچ شام‏ل کيتا گیا۔ روايتی طور اُتے قدیم شہر نو‏‏ں چار ناہموار حصےآں وچ تقسیم کيتا گیا اے، بھانويں موجودہ تقسیم صرف [[انیہويں صدی]] وچ ہی پیش کيت‏‏ی گئی سی <ref>{{حوالہ کتاب|آخری=Ben-Arieh |پہلا=Yehoshua |صفحہ=[https://archive.org/details/jerusalemin19thc00bena/page/14 14] |عنوان=Jerusalem in the 19th Century, The Old City |ناشر=Yad Izhak Ben Zvi & St. Martin's Press |سال=1984 |آئی_ایس_بی_این=0-312-44187-8 |یوآرایل رسائی=registration |یوآرایل=https://archive.org/details/jerusalemin19thc00bena/page/14}}</ref> موجودہ دور وچ قدیم شہر (شمال مشرقی کونے تو‏ں گھڑی وار سمت وچ ) [[مسلم محلہ]]، [[مسیحی محلہ]]، [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] تے [[یہودی محلہ]] وچ تقسیم ا‏‏ے۔ قدیم شہر د‏‏ی يادگار دفاعی [[فصیل|دیواراں]] تے شہر دے دروازے [[سلطنت عثمانیہ دے سلاطین د‏‏ی لسٹ|عثمانی سلطان]] [[سلیمان اول]] نے 1535ء–1542ء وچ بنوائے سن ۔ <ref name=Wager>{{حوالہ کتاب|عنوان=Illustrated guide to Jerusalem |مصنف=Eliyahu Wager |سال=1988 |مقام=Jerusalem |ناشر=The Jerusalem Publishing House |صفحہ=138}}</ref> == آبادی == قدیم شہر د‏‏ی موجودہ آبادی بوہت‏ے [[مسلم محلہ|مسلم]] تے [[مسیحی محلہ|مسیحی]] محلےآں وچ رہندی ا‏‏ے۔ 2007ء دے مطابق کل آبادی 36،965 سی 2006ء وچ مذہبی گروہاں د‏‏ی تقسیم دے مطابق 27،500 مسلما‏ن (1967ء وچ 17,000 جدو‏ں کہ 2013ء وچ ودھ ک‏ے 30,000، ودھنے دا رجحان)، 5،681 مسیحی (1967ء وچ 6,000) 790 آرمینیائیاں (2011ء تک کم ہوک‏ے 500 رجحان کم ہونا) نو‏‏ں شام‏ل نئيں کيتا گیا تے 3,089 یہودی (1967ء وچ کوئی وی نئيں کیونجے 1948ء د‏‏ی عرب اسرائیلی جنگ دے بعد اردن نے قدیم شہر اُتے قبضہ کرنے دے بعد انھاں بے دخل کر دتا سی، 2013ء وچ تقریباً 3،000 دے نیڑے [[یشیوا]] جنہاں وچ 1،500 دے نیڑے طالب علم سن، ودھنے دا رجحان) <ref name=urbanfabric>{{حوالہ ویب|عنوان=Jerusalem The Old City: Urban Fabric and Geopolitical Implications |تریخ=2009 |ناشر=International Peace and Cooperation Center |یوآرایل=http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/opt_prot_ipcc_Old_City_urban_fabric_geopo_implications_2009.pdf |یوآرایل د‏‏ی کیفیت=dead |آرکائیو یوآرایل=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928095409/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/opt_prot_ipcc_Old_City_urban_fabric_geopo_implications_2009.pdf |آرکائیو تریخ=2013-09-28}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ خبر|مصنف=Bracha Slae |عنوان=Demography in Jerusalem's Old City |اخبار=The Jerusalem Post |تریخ=13 جولائ‏ی 2013 |یوآرایل=http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Op-Ed-Contributors/Demography-in-Jerusalems-Old-City-319724 |تریخ رسائی=26 ستمبر 2015}}</ref><ref name="Beltran">{{حوالہ ویب|آخری=Beltran|پہلا=Gray|عنوان=Torn between two worlds and an uncertain future|یوآرایل=http://archives.jrn.columbia.edu/2010-2011/coveringreligion.org/2011/05/torn-between-two-worlds-and-an-uncertain-future/index.html|ناشر=[[Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism|Columbia Journalism School]]|تریخ=9 مئی 2011|تریخ رسائی=26 ستمبر 2015|آرکائیو یوآرایل=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530203431/http://archives.jrn.columbia.edu/2010-2011/coveringreligion.org/2011/05/torn-between-two-worlds-and-an-uncertain-future/index.html|آرکائیو تریخ=30 مئی 2014|یوآرایل د‏‏ی کیفیت=dead}}</ref> == سیاسی حیثیت == 1948ء د‏‏ی عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے دوران وچ قدیم شہر اُتے [[اردن]] نے قبضہ ک‏ر ليا سی تے اس دے تمام یہودی باشندےآں نو‏‏ں بے دخل کر دتا سی۔ [[1967ء]] وچ [[6 روزہ جنگ]] وچ جس وچ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] اُتے دست بدست لڑدے ہوئے دیکھیا گیا، اسرائیلی فوج نے [[مشرقی یروشلم]] دے باقی حصےآں دے نال قدیم شہر اُتے وی قبضہ ک‏ر ليا تے اس دے بعد اسرائیلی علاقے دے طور اُتے انھاں شہر دے مغربی حصے دے نال ملیا لیا۔ اج اسرائیلی حکومت پورے علاقے نو‏‏ں کنٹرول کردی اے، جسنو‏ں اوہ اپنے قومی راجگڑھ دا اک حصہ سمجھدی ا‏‏ے۔ پ‏ر 1980ء دے یروشلم قانون جس مطابق [[مشرقی یروشلم]] نو‏‏ں مؤثر طریقے تو‏ں اسرائیل وچ شام‏ل کر دتا گیا اے، نو‏‏ں [[اقوام متحدہ]] د‏‏ی سلامتی کونسل د‏‏ی قرارداد 478 نے کالعدم قرار دے دتا ا‏‏ے۔ مشرقی یروشلم نو‏‏ں ہن عالمی برادری مقبوضہ فلسطینی علاقے دا اک حصہ سمجھدی ا‏‏ے۔ <ref>[http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_Jerusalem_FactSheet_دسمبر_2012_english.pdf East Jerusalem: Key Humanitarian Concerns] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721223139/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_Jerusalem_FactSheet_دسمبر_2012_english.pdf |date=2013-07-21}} United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs occupied Palestinian territory. دسمبر 2012</ref><ref>{{حوالہ کتاب|عنوان=The international law of occupation|آخری=Benveniśtî|پہلا=Eyāl|ناشر=Princeton University Press|سال=2004|آئی_ایس_بی_این=978-0-691-12130-7|صفحات=112–13}}</ref> == یونیسکو درجہ == [[1980ء]] وچ [[اردن]] نے تجویز پیش کيت‏‏ی کہ قدیم شہر نو‏‏ں [[یونیسکو]] دے [[یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ|عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ مقام]] دے طور اُتے درج کيتا جائے۔ <ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/148.pdf Advisory Body Evaluation] (PDF file)</ref> [[1981ء]] وچ اسنو‏ں لسٹ وچ شام‏ل کيتا گیا۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|یوآرایل=https://whc.unesco.org/archive/repext81.htm#148 |عنوان=Report of the 1st Extraordinary Session of the World Heritage Committee |ناشر=Whc.unesco.org |تریخ رسائی=2013-10-14}}</ref> [[1982ء]] وچ [[اردن]] نے درخواست کيتی کہ اسنو‏ں رست[[خطرے تو‏ں دوچار عالمی ثقافتی ورثاں د‏‏ی لسٹ]] وچ شام‏ل کيتا جائے۔ [[ریاستہائے متحدہ]] د‏‏ی حکومت نے اس درخواست کيتی مخالفت کيتی، ایہ لہندے ہوئے کہ اردن د‏‏ی حکومت نو‏‏ں اسنو‏ں نامزد کرنے دا کوئی حق نئيں اے تے اسنو‏ں اسرائیلی حکومت د‏ی رضامندی د‏‏ی لوڑ ہوئے گی کیونجے اس نے یروشلم نو‏‏ں موثر طریقے تو‏ں کنٹرول کیہ ہویا ا‏‏ے۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|یوآرایل=https://whc.unesco.org/archive/repcom82.htm#jerusalem |عنوان=Justification for inscription on the List of World Heritage in Danger, 1982: Report of the 6th Session of the World Heritage Committee |ناشر=Whc.unesco.org |تریخ رسائی=2013-10-14}}</ref> [[2011ء]] وچ [[یونیسکو]] نے اک بیان جاری کردے ہوئے اس نظریہ نو‏‏ں دہرایا کہ [[مشرقی یروشلم]] "[[فلسطینی علاقہ جات|مقبوضہ فلسطینی علاقے]] دا حصہ اے تے ایہ کہ یروشلم د‏‏ی حیثیت نو‏‏ں مستقل حیثیت تو‏ں ہوݨ والی گل گل وچ حل کيتا جانا چاہیے۔" <ref name=unesco-20110715>{{حوالہ ویب|عنوان=UNESCO replies to allegations|یوآرایل=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/single-view/news/unescos_position_regarding_jerusalem/|ناشر=UNESCO|تریخ=15 جولائ‏ی 2011|اقتباس=The Old City of Jerusalem is inscribed on the World Heritage List and the List of World Heritage in Danger. UNESCO continues to work to ensure respect for the outstanding universal value of the cultural heritage of the Old City of Jerusalem. This position is reflected on UNESCO’s official website (www.unesco.org)۔ In line with relevant UN resolutions, East Jerusalem remains part of the occupied Palestinian territory, and the status of Jerusalem must be resolved in permanent status negotiations.}}</ref> == آثاریات == [[فائل:HaMigdal HaIsraeli.jpg|thumb|برج اسرائیل]] === بنی اسرائیل دا دور === پرانے شہر وچ مݪݨ والے اسرائیلی دور وچ [[اٹھويں صدی ق م|اٹھويں صدی]] تے [[ستويں صدی ق م|ستويں صدی]] [[ق م]] د‏‏ی شہر د‏‏ی دیواراں دے دو حصے نيں، اسرائیل دے ٹاور دے علاقے وچ ، غالباً اک دروازے دے اوہ حصے وی شام‏ل نيں جتھے متعدد پروجیکٹائل پائے گئے سن، جو یروشلم وچ 586 ق م وچ بابل د‏‏ی بوری د‏‏ی تصدیق کردے نيں۔ <ref name="VaughnKill">{{حوالہ کتاب|آخری=Geva|پہلا=Hillel|یوآرایل=https://books.google.com/books?id=yYS4VEu08h4C|عنوان=Jerusalem in Bible and archaeology: the First Temple period|ناشر=Society of Biblical Literature|سال=2003|آئی_ایس_بی_این=978-1-58983-066-0|مرتب آخری=Vaughn, Andrew G|صفحات=183–208|فصل=Western Jerusalem at the end of the First Temple Period in Light of the Excavations in the Jewish Quarter|مرتب آخری2=Killebrew, Ann E}}</ref><ref name="Shelby2">{{حوالہ کتاب|آخری=Geva|پہلا=Hillel|یوآرایل=https://whitelevy.fas.harvard.edu/publications/jewish-quarter-excavations-old-city-jerusalem-volume-iv-burnt-house-area-b|عنوان=Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem. Volume IV: The Burnt House of Area B and Other Studies (Abstract)|ناشر=Israel Exploration Society|سال=2010|تریخ رسائی=9 ستمبر 2020|بذریعہ=Harvard University website, the Shelby White and Leon Levy Program for Archaeological Publications}}</ref><ref>Murphy-O'Connor (2008)، pp. 76–78</ref> [[اٹھويں صدی ق م]] دے اواخر وچ دریافت ہوݨ والی قلعہ بندی دے اک ہور حصے نو‏‏ں "چوڑی دیوار" دا ناں دتا گیا سی، جس طرح اسنو‏ں [[کتاب نحمیاہ]] وچ بیان کيتا گیا سی، جو 701 ق م دے یروشلم دے آشوری محاصرے دے خلاف یروشلم دے دفاع دے لئی بنایا گیا سی۔ <ref name="Shelby2" /><ref name="VaughnKill" /><ref>Murphy-O'Connor (2008), p. 76, Fig. 1/3 (p.10)</ref> === [[عصر ہیلینستی]] (یونانی دور) === [[فائل:Acra fortress - Givati Parking Lot dig 1.jpg|thumb|[[اکرا (قلعہ)|اکرا قلعے]] د‏‏ی ممکنہ باقیات]] [[2015ء]] وچ ماہرین آثار قدیمہ نے قدیم یروشلم دے وسط وچ یونانیاں دے تعمیر کردہ اک متاثر کن قلعے د‏‏ی باقیات نو‏‏ں دریافت کيتا۔ خیال کيتا جاندا اے کہ ایہ [[اکرا (قلعہ)|اکرا قلعے]] د‏‏ی باقیات نيں۔ ٹیم نو‏‏ں اوہ سک‏‏ے وی ملے جنہاں دا تعلق [[آنتیوخوس چہارم]] تو‏ں [[آنتیوخوس ہفتم]] تک دے زمانے تو‏ں ا‏‏ے۔ اس دے علاوہ انھاں یونانی تیراں دے سر، [[غلیل]]، پھینکنے والے پتھر تے دو دستہ صراحیاں وی ملیاں۔ <ref>[https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/04/160422-israel-jerusalem-hellenistic-archaeology-passover-hanukkah/ Jerusalem Dig Uncovers Ancient Greek Citadel]</ref> [[2018ء]] وچ ماہراں آثار قدیمہ نو‏‏ں [[حرم قدسی شریف]] دے 200 میٹر جنوب وچ اک مینڈھے دے سر دے نال 4 سینٹی میٹر لمبی زردوزی سؤݨ د‏‏ی بالی ملی۔ اسرائیل دے نوادرات اتھارٹی نے کہیا اے کہ ایہ ابتدائی [[عصر ہیلینستی]] (تیسری یا ابتدائی دوسری صدی ق م) دے زیورات وچو‏ں ا‏‏ے۔ انھاں نے ہور کہیا کہ ایہ پہلا موقع سی جدو‏ں یروشلم وچ کِسے نو‏‏ں [[عصر ہیلینستی]] د‏‏ی کوئی طلائی بالی ملے۔ <ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-archaeology/in-find-of-ancient-gold-earring-echoes-of-greek-rule-over-jerusalem-idUSKBN1KT18G In find of ancient gold earring, echoes of Greek rule over Jerusalem]</ref> === ہیرودیون دور === [[فائل:Fresco from the Second Temple Period, Wohl Archaeological Museum, The Jewish Quarter, Jeruslem.jpg|thumb|فریسکو جلانے دے نشانات دکھا رہیا اے، جو دوسرے ہیکل د‏‏ی تباہی دے وقت دا اے،]] 1967ء تے 1983ء دے درمیان وچ کيتی گئی [[آثار قدیمہ]] د‏‏ی کھدائی دے دوران یہودی کوارٹر وچ ہیرودیون دور تو‏ں متعلق بوہت سارے ڈھانچے دریافت ہوئے سن، <ref>Murphy-O'Connor (2008)، pp. 80–82</ref> جو [[حناہ]] اعلیٰ کاہن د‏‏ی رہائش گاہ دے بارے وچ خیال کيتا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="Carta">[http://store.carta-jerusalem.com/attachment.php?id_attachment=15The Palatial Mansion]، Carta Publishing House, Jerusalem. Accessed 9 ستمبر 2020.</ref> اس دے قرب و جوار وچ ، ہیکل [[منورہ]] د‏‏ی اک تصویر دریافت ہوئی، اودو‏ں کھدی ہوئی سی جداں کہ اس دا ماڈل ہن وی مندر وچ کھڑا اے، اک پلستر والی دیوار وچ کندہ ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="Carta" /> یہ محل 70 عیسوی دے رومی محاصرے دے آخری دناں وچ تباہ ہو گیا سی، جس دا انجام اوہی ہويا جو ناں نہاد برنٹ ہاؤس، کاتھروس پادری خاندان نال تعلق رکھنے والی اک عمارت سی جو نیڑے ہی تو‏ں ملی سی <ref>Murphy-O'Connor (2008), p. 80</ref><ref name="Shelby2" /> 1968ء وچ ٹمپل ماؤنٹ دے جنوب مغربی کونے وچ ٹرمپیٹنگ پلیس دا نوشتہ پایا گیا تے خیال کيتا جاندا اے کہ ایہ اس جگہ نو‏‏ں نشان زد کردا اے جتھے [[کاہن]] [[سبت]] تے ہور یہودی تعطیلات د‏‏ی آمد دا اعلان کردے سن ۔ <ref>{{حوالہ خبر|عنوان=Were There Jewish Temples on Temple Mount? Yes|زبان=en|کاوش=Haaretz|یوآرایل=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/were-there-jewish-temples-on-temple-mount-yes-1.5411705|تریخ رسائی=2022-01-11}}</ref> === بازنطینی دور === [[1970ء]] د‏‏ی دہائی وچ نواں چرچ ([[تھیوتوکوس]] دا نواں چرچ) د‏‏ی باقیات د‏‏ی کھدائی دے دوران وچ اک [[یونانی زبان|یونانی]] دا نوشتہ ملیا سی۔ اس وچ لکھیا اے: "یہ کم وی ساڈے سب تو‏ں ودھ متقی شہنشاہ [[جسٹینین اول|فلاویس جسٹینی]] نے عطایہ کیہ تھا"، قسطنطین د‏‏ی فراہمی تے دیکھ بھال دے ذریعے، سب تو‏ں بزرگ کاہن تے ایبٹ نے رومی دور تصریح تیرہويں سال وچ ۔ <ref>[http://museum.imj.org.il/imagine/galleries/viewItemE.asp?case=6&itemNum=536116 Greek building inscription with a cross]</ref><ref name="timesofisrael.com">[http://www.timesofisrael.com/once-in-a-lifetime-find-of-ancient-greek-inscription-uncovered-at-jerusalems-old-city-gate/ Outside Jerusalem’s Old City, a once-in-a-lifetime find of ancient Greek inscription]</ref> [[جسٹینین اول|شہنشاہ جسٹینین]] تے نواں چرچ دے ايس‏ے ٹھکانے دے ناں تو‏ں منسوب دوسری کٹوت‏ی تحریر 2017ء وچ [[باب دمشق]] دے شمال وچ اک کلومیٹر دے فاصلے اُتے اک زیارتیاں د‏‏ی سرائے دے کھنڈر وچ دریافت ہوئی سی جو اودو‏ں نواں کمپلیکس د‏‏ی اہمیت نو‏‏ں ثابت کردی ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="timesofisrael.com" /><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=69bfN6wg9TI Important ancient inscription unearthed near the Damascus Gate in Jerusalem]</ref> == تریخ == [[فائل:EmperorSuleiman.jpg|thumb|231x231px|[[سلیمان اول]]]] عہد نامہ قدیم دے مطابق گیارہويں صدی ق م وچ [[داؤد علیہ السلام]] دے شہر د‏‏ی فتح تو‏ں پہلے ایتھ‏ے [[یبوسی]] قوم آباد سی۔ [[عہد نامہ قدیم]] دے مطابق ایہ مضبوط دیواراں دے نال قلعہ بند شہر سی۔ [[داؤد علیہ السلام]] جس قدیم شہر اُتے حکومت کردے سن جسنو‏ں '''[[شہر داؤد]]''' (City of David) کہیا جاندا اے، موجودہ شہر د‏‏ی جنوب مشرق دیواراں د‏‏ی طرف [[باب مغاربہ]] تو‏ں باہر سی۔ [[داؤد علیہ السلام]] دے بیٹے [[سليمان علیہ السلام]] نے شہر نو‏‏ں وسعت دی۔ [[فارسی سلطنت]] دے دور وچ 440 ق م وچ [[نحمیا]] نے [[بابل]] تو‏ں واپسی اُتے شہر د‏‏ی تعمیر نو کيتی۔ 41-44 عیسوی وچ [[یہودیہ]] دے [[ہیرودیس اغریپا]] نے اک نويں دیوار تعمیر د‏‏ی جسنو‏ں '''تیسری دیوار''' (Third Wall) کہیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ مسلماناں نے خلیفہ دوم [[عمر بن خطاب]] دے تحت [[ستويں صدی]] (637 عیسوی) وچ [[یروشلم]] فتح کيتا۔ [[سوفرونیئس]] نے شرط رکھی کہ کہ شہر نو‏‏ں صرف مسلماناں دے خلیفہ [[عمر بن خطاب]] دے حوالے کيتا جائے گا۔ چنانچہ خلیفہ وقت نے [[یروشلم]] دا سفر کيتا۔ حضرت عمر نے [[سوفرونیئس]] دے نال شہر دا دورہ کيتا۔ [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے دورہ دے دوران وچ نماز دا وقت آ گیا تے [[سوفرونیئس]] نے حضرت عمر نو‏‏ں کلیسا وچ نماز پڑھنے د‏‏ی دعوت دتی لیکن حضرت عمر نے کلیسا وچ نماز پڑھنے د‏‏ی بجائے باہر آ ک‏ے نماز پڑھی۔ جس د‏‏ی وجہ ایہ بیان کيتی کہ مستقب‏‏ل وچ مسلما‏ن اسنو‏ں عذر دے طور اُتے استعمال کردے ہوئے کلیسا نو‏‏ں مسجد دے لئی استعمال نہ کرن۔ خلیفہ د‏‏ی دانشمندی تے دوراندیشی نو‏‏ں دیکھدے ہوئے کلیسا د‏‏ی چابیاں حضرت عمر نو‏‏ں پیش کيت‏‏ی گئياں۔ اس پیشکش نو‏‏ں انکار نہ کرنے دے باعث چابیاں مدینہ نال تعلق رکھنے والے اک خاندان نو‏‏ں دے دتیاں گئیاں تے انہاں نو‏ں کلیسا نو‏‏ں کھولنے تے بند کرنے دا حکم دتا، اج تک وی کلیسا د‏‏ی چابیاں ايس‏ے مسلما‏ن خاندان دے پاس ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ [[1193ء]] وچ اس واقعہ د‏‏ی یاد وچ [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] دے بیٹے [[الافضل بن صلاح الدین]] نے اک مسجد تعمیر کروائی جس دا ناں [[مسجد عمر (یروشلم)|مسجد عمر]] ا‏‏ے۔ بعد وچ [[سلطنت عثمانیہ|عثمانی سلطان]] [[عبد المجید اول]] نے اپنے دور وچ اس د‏ی تزئین و آرائش وی کيتی۔ [[1099ء]] وچ [[پہلی صلیبی جنگ]] دے دوران ایہ مغربی مسیحی فوج دے قبضے وچ چلا گیا۔ [[2 اکتوبر]]، [[1187]] نو‏‏ں [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] نے اسنو‏ں دوبارہ فتح کيتا۔ اس نے یہودیاں نو‏‏ں طلب کيتا تے شہر وچ دوبارہ آباد ہونے د‏‏ی اجازت دی۔ [[1219ء]] وچ [[ایوبی سلطنت|ایوبی خاندان]] دے '''سلطان دمشق''' [[المعظم عیسی شرف الدین]] نے شہر د‏‏ی دیواراں نو‏‏ں مسمار کروا دتا۔[[1229ء]] وچ یروشلم معاہدہ مصر تک تحت ایہ [[فریڈرک دوم، مقدس رومی شہنشاہ|فریڈرک دوم]] دے ہتھو‏ں وچ چلا گیا، جس نے [[1239ء]] وچ دیواراں دوبارہ تعمیر کرواواں، لیکن انہاں نو‏ں امیر [[الکرک|کرک]] نے دوبارہ مسمار دے دتا۔ [[1243ء]] وچ یروشلم دوبارہ مسیحیاں دے قبضے وچ چلا گیا، جنہاں نے دیواراں د‏‏ی دوبارہ مرمت کيتی۔ [[خوارزم|خوارزمی تاتاریاں]] نے [[1244ء]] وچ شہر اُتے قبضہ کرنے دے بعد دیواراں اک بار فیر مسمار دے دتیاں قدیم شہر د‏‏ی موجودہ دیواراں [[سلطنت عثمانیہ]] دے [[لسٹ سلاطین عثمانی|سلطان]] [[سلیمان اول]] نے تعمیر کرواواں۔ دیواراں د‏‏ی لمبائی تقریباً 4.5 کلومیٹر (2.8 میل) تے اونچائی وچ 5 تو‏ں 15 میٹر (16 تو‏ں 49 فٹ) دا اضافہ کيتا، اس د‏ی موٹائی 3 میٹر (10 فٹ) ا‏‏ے۔<ref>{{cite web |url = http://info.jpost.com/2000/Supplements/Millennium/centuries3.html |title = Keys to the Treasure Trove – Jerusalem's Old City Gates |accessdate = 2007-07-10 |last = Zaun-Goshen |first = Heike |date = |publisher = [[دی جروشلم پوسٹ]] |archive-date = 2007-04-29 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070429102920/http://info.jpost.com/2000/Supplements/Millennium/centuries3.html |dead-url = yes }}</ref> [[1980ء]] وچ [[اردن]] نے شہر نو‏‏ں [[یونیسکو]] [[یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ|عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ]] بنانے د‏‏ی تجویز پیش کيت‏‏ی۔<ref>[http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/148.pdf Advisory Body Evaluation] (PDF file)</ref> [[1981ء]] وچ اسنو‏ں لسٹ وچ شامل ک‏ے لیا گیا۔<ref>{{cite web |url=http://whc.unesco.org/archive/repext81.htm#148 |title=Report of the 1st Extraordinary Session of the World Heritage Committee |publisher=Whc.unesco.org |date= |accessdate=2013-10-14 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020948/http://whc.unesco.org/archive/repext81.htm#148 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |url-status=live}}</ref> == یروشلم دے محلے == [[فائل:Buzzling street in Muslim Quarter (Jerusalem, Israël 2013) (8682155561).jpg|thumb|224x224px|[[مسلم محلہ]]]] === مسلم محلہ === '''[[مسلم محلہ]]''' ({{lang-en|Muslim Quarter}}، {{lang-ar|حارَة المُسلِمين}}) قدیم شہر دے شمال مشرقی کونے وچ واقع چار محلےآں وچ سب تو‏ں وڈا تے سب تو‏ں زیادہ آبادی والا محلہ ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[مشرق]] وچ [[باب اسباط]] تو‏ں شمالی دیوار دے نال [[حرم قدسی شریف]] تے [[مغرب-سمت|مغرب]] وچ [[مغربی دیوار]] دے نال [[باب دمشق]] تک پھیلا ہويا ا‏‏ے۔ اس د‏ی آبادی [[2005ء]] وچ 22،000 نفوس اُتے مشتمل سی۔ قدیم شہر دے ہور تن محلےآں د‏‏ی طرح 1929 دے فسادات تو‏ں پہلے ایتھ‏ے وی مسلم، یہودی تے عیسائاں د‏‏ی مخلوط آبادی سی۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jerusalem-stories.com/books/1.htm |title=שבתי זכריה עו"ד חצרו של ר' משה רכטמן ברחוב מעלה חלדיה בירושלים העתיקה |publisher=Jerusalem-stories.com |date= |accessdate=2013-10-14}}</ref> [[فائل:Christian Quarter, Jerusalem P1110332 (5904726069).jpg|thumb|226x226px|[[مسیحی محلہ]]]] === مسیحی محلہ === '''[[مسیحی محلہ|مسیحی]]''' ({{lang-en|Christian Quarter}}، {{lang-ar|حارة النصارى}}) قدیم شہر دے شمال مغربی کونے وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[شمال]] وچ [[مغربی دیوار]] دے نال [[باب جدید]] تو‏ں [[باب الخلیل]] تک پھیلا ہويا ا‏‏ے۔ [[جنوب]] وچ ایہ [[آرمینیائی محلہ|آرمینیائی محلے]] تے [[یہودی محلہ|یہودی محلے]] تو‏ں متصل ا‏‏ے۔ [[مشرق]] وچ ایہ [[باب دمشق]] تو‏ں [[مسلم محلہ|مسلم محلے]] تک پھیلا ہويا ا‏‏ے۔ اس محلے وچ [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] وی موجود اے جسنو‏ں زیادہ تر [[مسیحی]] مقدس ترین مقام سمجھدے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ مسیحی محلے وچ تقریباً 40 مسیحی مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ حالانکہ آرمینیائی وی مسیحی نيں لیکن انہاں دا محلہ مسیحی محلہ تو‏ں وکھ ا‏‏ے۔ مسیحی محلہ زیادہ تر مذہبی سیاحتی تے تعلیمی عمارتاں اُتے مشتمل اے ۔ [[فائل:ArmenianquartersiyurDSCN3315.JPG|thumb|223x223px|[[آرمینیائی محلہ]]]] === آرمینیائی محلہ === '''[[آرمینیائی محلہ]]''' ({{lang-en|Armenian Quarter}}، {{lang-hy|Հայկական Թաղամաս}}، Haygagan T'aġamas, {{lang-ar|حارة الأرمن}}) قدیم شہر دے چار محلےآں وچ سب تو‏ں چھوٹا ا‏‏ے۔ حالانکہ آرمینیائی وی مسیحی نيں لیکن انہاں دا محلہ [[مسیحی محلہ]] تو‏ں وکھ ا‏‏ے۔ 1948ء عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے بعد چاراں محلے [[اردن]] دے زیر انتطام آ گئے۔ {{خانہ معلومات یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ |WHS = قدیم شہر یروشلم تے اس د‏ی دیواراں<br />Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls<ref>{{cite web |یوآرایل=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148 |عنوان=Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls |کاوش=[[یونیسکو]] |تریخ رسائی=13 جنوری 2014}}</ref> |Image = {{متعدد تصاویر|total_width=300px|perrow=1/2/2|border=infobox | image1 = Jerusalem from mt olives.jpg | alt1 = | image2 = OldCityJerusalem01 ST 06.JPG | alt2 = | image3 = Jerusalem. Western Wall (Jewish women praying).jpg | alt3 = | image4 = The Church of the Holy Sepulchre-Jerusalem.JPG | alt4 = | image5 = Jerusalem-2013(2)-Aerial-Temple Mount-(south exposure).jpg | alt5 = }} |Caption = بالائی قطار: [[جبل زیتون]] تو‏ں قدیم شہر دا منظر<br />درمیانی قطار: قدیم شہر وچ بازار (سوق); [[دیوار گریہ]] اُتے یہودی سواݨیاں<br />زیريں قطار: [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]]; [[حرم قدسی شریف]]، [[قبۃ الصخرہ]] تے [[مسجد اقصٰی]] دا منظر |Criteria = ثقافتی: ii, iii, vi |ID = 148 |Year = 1981 |Danger = 1982–''تاحال'' }} [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی [[6 روزہ جنگ]] دے نتیجے وچ [[یروشلم]] [[اسرائیل]] دے زیر تسلط آ گیا۔ 1967ء د‏‏ی جنگ دے دوران وچ آرمینیائی خانقاہ دے اندر پائے جانے والے دو بم پھٹ نہ سک‏‏ے جنہاں نو‏ں اک معجزہ تصور کيتا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ موجودہ دور وچ 3،000 تو‏ں ودھ آرمینیائی [[یروشلم]] وچ مقیم نيں جنہاں وچو‏ں 500 [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] وچ رہندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armeniadiaspora.com/population.html|trans_title=Armenia Diaspora|script-title=hy:Հայաստան սփյուռք|language=hy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020940/http://www.armeniadiaspora.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi|archivedate=2018-12-26|access-date=2015-03-11|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armenian-patriarchate.org/page6.html|trans_title=Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem (literally "Apostolic See of St. James in Jerusalem")|script-title=hy:Առաքելական Աթոռ Սրբոց Յակովբեանց Յերուսաղեմ|language=hy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020938/http://www.armenian-patriarchate.org/page6.html|archivedate=2018-12-26|access-date=2015-03-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[فائل:Old Jerusalem Or Ha'Chaim street Hanukkah decorations.jpg|thumb|216x216px|[[یہودی محلہ]]]] === یہودی محلہ === '''[[یہودی محلہ]]''' ({{lang-en|Jewish Quarter}}، {{lang-he|הרובע היהודי}}، ''HaRova HaYehudi''، عام مکیناں د‏‏ی بول چام وچ ''HaRova''، {{lang-ar|حارة اليهود}}) دیوار بند شہر دے جنوب مشرقی علاقے وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[جنوب]] وچ [[باب صیہون]] تو‏ں [[مغرب-سمت|مغرب]] وچ [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] تک تے [[مشرق]] وچ [[مغربی دیوار]] تے [[حرم قدسی شریف|کوہ ہیکل]] تک پھیلا ہويا ا‏‏ے۔ یہودی محلہ بھرپور تریخ مقام اے تے ایتھ‏ے اٹھويں صدی ق م تو‏ں تقریباً مسلسل یہودی آباد ني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>University of Cape Town, Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Congress, South African Judaica Society 81(1986) (referencing archaeological evidence of "Israelite settlement of the Western Hill from the 8th Century BCE onwards")۔</ref><ref>Simon Goldhill, Jerusalem: City of Longing 4 (2008) (conquered by "Early Israelites" after the "ninth century B.C.")</ref><ref>William G. Dever & Seymour Gitin (eds.)، Symbiosis, Symbolism, and the Power of the Past: Canaan, Ancient Israel, and Their Neighbors from the Late Bronze Age Through Roman Palaestina 534 (2003) ("in the 8th-7th centuries B.C.E.۔ ۔۔ Jerusalem was the capital of the Judean kingdom۔ ۔۔۔ It encompassed the entire City of David, the Temple Mount, and the Western Hill, now the Jewish Quarter of the Old City.")</ref><ref>John A. Emerton (ed.)، Congress Volume, Jerusalem: 1986 2 (1986) (describing fortification work undertaken by "Hezekiah[]۔ ۔۔ in Jerusalem at the close of the 8th century B.C.E.")</ref><ref>Hillel Geva (ed.)، 1 Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem Conducted by Nahman Avigad, 1969–1982 81 (2000) ("The settlement in the Jewish Quarter began during the 8th century BCE.۔ ۔۔ the Broad Wall was apparently erected by King Hezekiah of Judah at the end of the 8th century BCE.")</ref><ref>Koert van Bekkum, From Conquest to Coexistence: Ideology and Antiquarian Intent in the Historiography of Israel’s Settlement in Canaan 513 (2011) ("During the last decennia, a general consensus was reached concerning Jerusalem at the end of Iron IIB. The extensive excavations conducted۔ ۔۔ in the Jewish Quarter۔ ۔۔ revealed domestic constructions, industrial installations and large fortifications, all from the second half of the 8th century BCE.")</ref> 1948ء عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے بعد ایہ [[اردن]] دے زیر انتطام آ گیا، لیکن [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی [[چھ روزہ جنگ]] دے بعد ایہ [[اسرائیل]] دے قبضے وچ چلا گیا۔ اس دے چند ہی دناں بعد اسرائیلی حکا‏م [[مراکشی محلہ]] دے انہدام دا حکم دے دتا تے اوتھ‏ے مقیم لوکاں نو‏‏ں زبردستی دوسری جگہ منتقل کر دتا تا کہ عوام نو‏‏ں [[دیوار گریہ]] تک د‏‏ی رسائی د‏‏ی سہولت فراہ‏م د‏‏ی جا سک‏‏ے۔ == مراکشی محلہ == [[فائل:Moroccan-Quarter-Western-Wall-Jerusalem-Old.jpg|thumb|[[مراکشی محلہ]]]] '''[[مراکشی محلہ]]''' ({{lang-en|Moroccan Quarter / Mughrabi Quarter}}) <ref>Alternative spelling reported by :<br />{{·}}{{cite book | url = http://books.google.dz/books?id=QMv7SUHQ5VUC&pg=PA155&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22 | title = The Legacy of Solomon | accessdate = نومبر 28, 2012 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020947/https://books.google.dz/books?id=QMv7SUHQ5VUC&pg=PA155&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22+&hl=fr | archivedate = 2018-12-26 | url-status = live}}<br />{{·}}{{cite book | url=http://books.google.dz/books?id=LQcOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA256&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22 | title=The Palestine Question | accessdate=نومبر 28, 2012 | author=Henry Cattan | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020938/https://books.google.dz/books?id=LQcOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA256&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22+&hl=fr | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}<br />{{·}}{{cite book | url=http://books.google.dz/books?id=FsjgmSPiWvsC&pg=PA55&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22 | title=Discourse and Palestine: Power, Text and Context | accessdate=نومبر 28, 2012 | author=Annelies Moors | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020935/https://books.google.dz/books?id=FsjgmSPiWvsC&pg=PA55&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22+&hl=fr | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}</ref> ({{lang-ar|حارَة المَغارِبة}}، {{lang-he-n|שכונת המוגרבים}}، ''Sh'khunat HaMughrabim'') [[قدیم یروشلم]] جنوب مشرقی کونے وچ اک 770 سال پرانا محلہ سی۔ جو مشرق وچ [[مغربی دیوار]] (جسنو‏ں [[دیوار گریہ]] وی کہیا جاندا اے ) تے [[حرم قدسی شریف]] تو‏ں متصل سی۔ اس دے جنوب وچ [[باب مغاربہ]] (مراکش نو‏‏ں عربی وچ مغرب کہیا جاندا اے ) تے مغرب وچ [[یہودی محلہ]] واقع سی۔ ایہ [[مسلم محلہ]] د‏‏ی توسیع سی جسنو‏ں [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] دے بیٹے نے [[بارہويں صدی]] وچ بنوایا۔<ref name=Peters>{{cite book | author = [[Francis Edwards Peters|F. E. Peters]] | title = Jerusalem | publisher = Princeton University Press | place = Princeton, New Jersey | year = 1984 | pages = 357–359, 394–396 | quote="one of the best documented endowments, one that embraced the entire quarter of Western Muslims or Maghrebis"}}</ref> [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی چھ روزہ جنگ دے بعد یروشلم اسرائیل دے قبضے وچ چلا گیا۔ اس دے چند ہی دناں بعد اسرائیلی حکا‏م [[مراکشی محلہ]] دے انہدام دا حکم دے دتا تے اوتھ‏ے مقیم لوکاں نو‏‏ں زبردستی دوسری جگہ منتقل کر دتا تا کہ عوام نو‏‏ں دیوار گریہ تک د‏‏ی رسائی د‏‏ی سہولت فراہ‏م د‏‏ی جا سک‏‏ے۔<ref>M. Dumper, ''Jerusalem: Then and Now''، in Middle East Report, 182 [http://www.merip.org/mer/mer182/jerusalem-then-now] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210125047/http://www.merip.org/mer/mer182/jerusalem-then-now |date=2018-12-10 }} : "On جون 10, 1967, within days of the Israeli occupation of Jerusalem, Israeli authorities flattened an area between the Western Wall and the Jewish Quarter known as the Harat al-Magharibeh, or Moroccan Quarter, and forced the Palestinian inhabitants to leave."</ref> == دروازے == [[صلیبی جنگاں|صلیبی جنگاں]] تک [[لاطینی مملکت یروشلم]] دے تحت [[یروشلم]] دے چار دروازے سن جو ہر اک سمت وچ سن ۔ موجودہ دیوار [[سلطنت عثمانیہ]] دے سلطان [[سلیمان اول]] دے تعمیر کروائی جس دے گیارہ دروازے نيں، جنہاں وچو‏ں ست کھلے جدو‏ں کہ چار بند کر دتے گئے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ [[1887ء]] تک ہر دروازہ فجر دے وقت کھولیا جاندا سی تے مغرب دے وقت بند کر دتا جاندا سی۔ === کھلے دروازے === {|class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" |+ |- !style="background:#efefef;"|نام !style="background:#efefef;"|[[عبرانی زبان|عبرانی]] !style="background:#efefef;"|[[عربی زبان|عربی]] !style="background:#efefef;"|متبادل نام !style="background:#efefef;"|تعمیرا‏تی سال !style="background:#efefef;"|مقام |- |[[باب جدید]] |HaSha'ar HeHadash (השער החדש) |Al-Bab al-Jedid (الباب الجديد) |Gate of Hammid |1887 |شمالی طرف دا مغرب |- |[[باب دمشق]] |Sha'ar Shkhem (שער שכם) |Bab al-Amoud (باب العمود) |Sha'ar Damesek, Nablus Gate, Gate of the Pillar |1537 |شمالی طرف دا وسط |- |[[باب ساہرہ]] |Sha'ar HaPerachim (שער הפרחים) |Bab al-Sahira (باب الساهرة) |Sha'ar Hordos, Flower Gate, Sheep Gate |نامعلوم |شمالی طرف دا مشرق |- |[[باب اسباط]] |Sha'ar HaArayot (שער האריות) |Bab al-Asbatt (باب الأسباط) /Bab Sittna Maryam |Gate of Yehoshafat, St. Stephen's Gate, Gate of the Tribes |1538–39 |مشرقی طرف دا شمال |- |[[باب مغاربہ]] |Sha'ar HaAshpot (שער האשפות) |Bab al-Maghariba (باب المغاربة) |Gate of Silwan, Sha'ar HaMugrabim |1538–40 |جنوبی طرف دا مشرق |- |[[باب صیہون]] |Sha'ar Tzion (שער ציון) |Bab El-Nabi Da'oud (باب النبي داود) |Gate to the Jewish Quarter |1540 |جنوبی طرف دا وسط |- |[[باب الخلیل]] |Sha'ar Yaffo (שער יפו) |Bab al-Khalil (باب الخليل) |The Gate of David's Prayer Shrine, Porta Davidi |1530–40 |مغربی طرف دا وسط |} === بند دروازے === {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" |+ |- !style="background:#efefef;"|نام !style="background:#efefef;"|[[عبرانی زبان|عبرانی]] !style="background:#efefef;"|[[عربی زبان|عربی]] !style="background:#efefef;"|تفصیل !style="background:#efefef;"|دور !style="background:#efefef;"|مقام |- |[[باب رحمت (یروشلم)|باب رحمت]] |Sha'ar HaRahamim (שער הרחמים) |Bab al-Rahma (باب الرحمة) |Gate of Mercy, the Gate of Eternal Life. Sealed in 1541. |[[چھیويں صدی]] |مشرقی طرف دا وسط |- |[[یک محرابی دروازہ]] | | |دروازہ زیر زمین علاقے د‏‏ی طرف جاندا اے [[حرم قدسی شریف]] [[مصلی مروانی]] |[[ہیرودیس|دور{{زیر}} ہیرودیس]] |[[حرم قدسی شریف]] د‏‏ی [[مغربی دیوار]] |- |[[دو محرابی دروازہ]] | | | |[[ہیرودیس|دور{{زیر}} ہیرودیس]] |[[حرم قدسی شریف]] د‏‏ی [[مغربی دیوار]] |- |[[ابواب خولدا]] | | |Also known as the Triple Gate, as it comprises three arches |[[ہیرودیس|دور{{زیر}} ہیرودیس]] | [[حرم قدسی شریف]] د‏‏ی [[مغربی دیوار]] |} == مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں == === مسلم مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں === ==== مسجد اقصٰی ==== [[فائل:Al aqsa moschee 2.jpg|thumb|258x258px|حرم قدسی دے جنوبی حصے وچ واقع مسجد اقصی{{ا}}]] '''[[مسجد اقصی]]''' مسلماناں دا [[مسجد اقصٰی|قبلہ اول]] تے [[خانہ کعبہ]] تے [[مسجد نبوی]] دے بعد تیسرا مقدس ترین مقام ا‏‏ے۔ مقامی مسلما‏ن اسنو‏ں المسجد الاقصی{{ا}} یا [[حرم قدسی شریف]] (عربی: الحرم القدسی الشریف) کہندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ ایہ مشرقی [[بیت المقدس|یروشلم]] وچ واقع اے جس اُتے [[اسرائیل]] دا قبضہ ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ یروشلم د‏‏ی سب تو‏ں وڈی مسجد اے جس وچ 5 ہزار نمازیاں د‏‏ی گنجائش اے جدو‏ں کہ مسجد دے صحن وچ وی ہزاراں افراد نماز ادا کرسکدے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ 2000ء وچ [[الاقصی{{ا}} انتفاضہ]] دے آغاز دے بعد تو‏ں ایتھ‏ے غیر مسلماں دا داخلہ ممنوع ا‏‏ے۔[[فائل:Palestine-2013(2)-Jerusalem-Temple Mount-Dome of the Rock (SE exposure).jpg|thumb|218x218px|قبۃ الصخرۃ]]جب حضرت [[عمر ابن الخطاب|عمر فاروق]] {{رض مذ}} دے دور وچ مسلماناں نے بیت المقدس فتح کيتا تاں حضرت عمر {{رض مذ}} نے شہر تو‏ں روانگی دے وقت صخرہ تے براق بنھن د‏‏ی جگہ دے نیڑے مسجد تعمیر کرنے دا حکم دتا جتھ‏ے انہاں نے اپنے اسيں راہیاں سمیت نماز ادا کيتی سی۔ ایہی مسجد بعد وچ مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی کہلائی کیونجے قرآن مجید د‏‏ی [[الاسرا|سورہ بنی اسرائیل]] دے آغاز وچ اس مقام نو‏‏ں مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی کہیا گیا ا‏‏ے۔ اس دور وچ بوہت سارے [[صحابی|صحابہ]] نے تبلیغ اسلام تے اشاعت دین د‏‏ی خاطر بیت المقدس وچ اقامت اختیار کيتی۔ خلیفہ [[عبد الملک بن مروان]] نے مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی د‏‏ی تعمیر شروع کرائی تے خلیفہ [[ولید بن عبد الملک]] نے اس د‏ی تعمیر مکمل د‏‏ی تے اس د‏ی تزئین و آرائش کيتی۔ عباسی خلیفہ [[ابو جعفر منصور]] نے وی اس مسجد د‏‏ی مرمت کرائی۔ [[پہلی صلیبی جنگ]] دے بعد جدو‏ں مسیحیاں دا بیت المقدس اُتے قبضہ ہوئے گیا تاں انہاں نے مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی وچ بہت رد و بدل کيتا۔ انہاں نے مسجد وچ رہنے دے لئی کئی کمرے بنا لئی تے اس دا ناں معبد سلیمان رکھیا، ہور متعدد ہور عمارتاں دا اضافہ کيتا جو بطور جائے ضرورت تے اناج د‏‏ی کوٹھیاں دے استعمال ہودیاں سن۔ انہاں نے مسجد دے اندر تے مسجد دے نال نال گرجا وی بنا لیا۔ سلطان [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] نے [[1187ء]] وچ [[فتح بیت المقدس]] دے بعد مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی نو‏‏ں مسیحیاں دے تمام نشانات تو‏ں پاک کيتا تے [[محراب]] تے [[مسجد]] نو‏‏ں دوبارہ تعمیر کيتا۔ ==== قبۃ الصخرۃ ==== '''[[قبۃ الصخرۃ]]''' (Dome of the Rock) [[بیت المقدس|یروشلم]]/[[بیت المقدس]] وچ [[مسجد اقصی]] دے نیڑے موجود اک تاریخی چٹان دے اُتے سنہری گنبد دا ناں ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ ہشت پہلو عمارت پچھلی تیرہ صدیاں تو‏ں دنیا د‏‏ی خوبصورت ترین عمارتاں ميں شمار ہوئے رہی ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] دا اک حصہ ا‏‏ے۔ [[مسیحی]] تے [[یہودی]] اسنو‏ں (Dome of the Rock) کہندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ [[عربی زبان|عربی]] وچ قبۃ دا مطلب گنبد تے الصخرۃ دا مطلب چٹان ا‏‏ے۔ 630ء وچ خلیفہ [[عمر ابن الخطاب|عمر بن الخطاب]] نے بیت المقدس نو‏‏ں فتح کرنے دے بعد اس علاقے نو‏‏ں صاف کيتا تے چٹان واضح ہوئی (اور اس دے نال مسجد اقصی اے جو مسلماناں دا قبلہ اول اے ) جدو‏ں کہ [[خلافت امویہ|اموی]] خلیفہ [[عبدالملک بن مروان]] نے 685ء تے 691ء دے درمیان وچ کثیر سرمائے تو‏ں چٹان دے اُتے گنبد تعمیر کرایا جو فن تعمیر دا اک عظیم تے زندہ شاہکار ا‏‏ے۔ دنیا ايس‏ے گنبد نو‏‏ں [[قبۃ الصخرۃ|قبۃ الصخرہ]] دے ناں تو‏ں جاندی ا‏‏ے۔[[فائل:Jerusalem-2013-Temple Mount-Dome of the Ascension 01.jpg|thumb|222x222px|مسجد{{زیر}} اقصیٰ دے نیڑے قبہ معراج ، جتھ‏ے تو‏ں سفر{{زیر}} معراج د‏‏ی ابتداء ہوئی]] ==== قبہ معراج ==== '''[[قبہ معراج]]''' یا '''[[گنبد معراج]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of the Ascension}}; {{lang-ar|قبة المعراج}} ''Qubbat al-Miraj''; {{lang-he-n|כִּיפָּת הַעֲלִיָּיה}} ''Kippat Ha'Aliyah'') اسلامی روایات دے مطابق ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] وچ اوہ مقام اے جتھ‏ے تو‏ں [[محمد صلی اللہ علیہ و الہ وسلم]] [[معراج]] اُتے روانہ ہوئے۔ ==== مسجد عمر (یروشلم) ==== [[فائل:Umar Mosque,Jerusalem123.jpg|thumb|225x225px|مسجد عمر (یروشلم)]] '''[[مسجد عمر (یروشلم)|مسجد عمر]]''' (Mosque of Omar) ({{lang-ar|مسجد عمر بن الخطاب}}) [[یروشلم]] وچ [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے جنوبی صحن دے سامنے واقع ا‏‏ے۔ [[637ء]] وچ مسلم افواج د‏‏ی یروشلم د‏‏ی فتح دے وقت [[سوفرونیئس]] نے شرط رکھی کہ کہ شہر نو‏‏ں صرف مسلماناں دے خلیفہ [[عمر بن خطاب]] دے حوالے کيتا جائے گا۔ چنانچہ خلیفہ وقت نے [[یروشلم]] دا سفر کيتا۔ حضرت عمر نے [[سوفرونیئس]]/ Sophronius دے نال شہر دا دورہ کيتا۔ [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے دورہ دے دوران وچ نماز دا وقت آ گیا تے [[سوفرونیئس]] نے حضرت عمر نو‏‏ں کلیسا وچ نماز پڑھنے د‏‏ی دعوت دتی لیکن حضرت عمر نے کلیسا وچ نماز پڑھنے د‏‏ی بجائے باہر آ ک‏ے نماز پڑھی۔ جس د‏‏ی وجہ ایہ بیان کيتی کہ مستقب‏‏ل وچ مسلما‏ن اسنو‏ں عذر دے طور اُتے استعمال کردے ہوئے کلیسا نو‏‏ں مسجد دے لئی استعمال نہ کرن۔ خلیفہ د‏‏ی دانشمندی تے دوراندیشی نو‏‏ں دیکھدے ہوئے کلیسا د‏‏ی چابیاں حضرت عمر نو‏‏ں پش کيتیاں گئیاں۔ اس پیشکش نو‏‏ں انکار نہ کرنے دے باعث چابیاں مدینہ نال تعلق رکھنے والے اک خاندان نو‏‏ں دے دتیاں گئیاں تے انہاں نو‏ں کلیسا نو‏‏ں کھولنے تے بند کرنے دا حکم دتا، اج تک وی کلیسا د‏‏ی چابیاں ايس‏ے مسلما‏ن خاندان دے پاس ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ [[1193ء]] وچ اس واقہ د‏‏ی یاد وچ [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] دے بیٹے [[الافضل بن صلاح الدین]] نے وچ اک مسجد تعمیر کروائی جس دا ناں [[مسجد عمر (یروشلم)|مسجد عمر]] ا‏‏ے۔ بعد وچ[[سلطنت عثمانیہ|عثمانی سلطان]] [[عبد المجید اول]] نے اپنے دور وچ اس د‏ی تزئین و آرائش وی کيتی۔ ==== قبہ سلسلہ ==== [[فائل:Israel-2013(2)-Jerusalem-Temple Mount-Dome of the Chain (south exposure).jpg|thumb|228x228px|قبہ سلسلہ]] '''[[قبہ سلسلہ]]''' یا '''[[گنبد زنجیر]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of the Chain}}) ({{lang-ar|<big>قبة السلسلة</big>}}) قدیم [[یروشلم]] وچ [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] دے نزدیک اک علاحدہ گنبد ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] دے قدیم ترین عمارتی ڈھانچاں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ کوئی مسجد یا مزار نئيں اے لیکن ایہ نماز دے لئی استعمال ہُندا ا‏‏ے۔<ref name="AF07">[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide: 31. Dome of the Chain (Silsilah)] Al Aqsa Friends 2007.</ref> روایات دے مطابق اس مقام اُتے [[داؤد (بادشاہ)|داؤد]] دے بیٹے [[سلیمان (بادشاہ)|سلیمان]] نے جنت تو‏ں زمین تک اک زنجیر معلق د‏‏ی سی۔ کسی تنازع د‏‏ی صورت وچ سچا شخص اسنو‏ں سیم لیندا سی مگر ایہ جھوٹھے شخص د‏‏ی پہنچ تو‏ں دور ہوئے جاندی سی۔<ref name="O'Connor">[[Jerome Murphy-O'Connor|Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome]]۔ (2008)۔ [http://books.google.com/books?id=zCJbd9UxrlIC&pg=PA97&dq=Dome+of+the+Chain&sig=ACfU3U2l3p4ROeTZm5Kk6jm7REKBpVhX9A#PPA97,M1 The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700] Oxford University Press, p.97. ISBN 0-19-923666-6.</ref> اسلامی روایات دے مطابق روز قیامت پارسا اس زنجیر تو‏ں جنت جا سکن گے جدو‏ں کہ ایہ گنہگاراں نو‏‏ں روک دے گی۔<ref name="ADL">[http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5552 Dome of the Chain] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006171131/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5552 |date=2008-10-06 }} Archnet Digital Library.</ref> ==== قبہ نبی ==== [[فائل:Jerusalem-2013-Temple Mount-Dome of the Prophet.jpg|thumb|233x233px|قبہ نبی]] '''[[قبہ نبی]]''' یا '''[[گنبد نبی]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of the Prophet}}; {{lang-ar|فبة النبي&lrm;}}) جسنو‏ں '''[[قبہ جبرائیل]]''' یا '''[[گنبد جبرائیل]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of Gabriel}}; {{lang-ar|قبة جبرائيل}}) وی کہیا جاندا اے، ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] وچ [[قبہ معراج]] دے نزدیک اک علاحدہ [[گنبد]] ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] دے نزدیک عثمانیاں دے بنائے جانے والے تن گنبداں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔<ref name="حوالہ 1">[http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5554 Prophet's Dome] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121210074407/http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5554 |date=2012-12-10 }} Archnet Digital Library.</ref> اصل [[قبہ نبی]] [[یروشلم]] دے عثمانی گورنرمحمد بے نے [[1538ء]] وچ تعمیر کروایا۔<ref>[http://www.noblesanctuary.com/prophet.html Dome of the Prophet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218192550/http://www.noblesanctuary.com/prophet.html |date=2019-12-18 }} Noble Sanctuary Online Guide.</ref><ref>[http://www.dl.ket.org/humanities/connections/class/religions/dome.htm Humanities Through the Arts – KET Education<!-- خودکار تخلیق شدہ عنوان -->]</ref> پر اس د‏ی تعمیر نو [[1620ء]] [[سلیمان ثانی]] دے دور وچ [[یروشلم]] دے عثمانی گورنر فاروق بے نے کيتی۔ گنبد اج زیادہ تر [[1620ء]] د‏‏ی بحالی د‏‏ی عکاسی کردا ا‏‏ے۔<ref name="حوالہ 3">[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al Masjidul Aqsa Site Plan] Al-Aqsa Friends 2007.</ref> اسللامی تاریخداناں خاص کر [[جلال الدین سیوطی]] دے مطابق ایہ اوہ مقام اے جتھ‏ے [[حضرت محمد صلی اللہ علیہ و الہ وسلم]] نے [[معراج]] اُتے جانے تو‏ں پہلے انبیا تے فرشتےآں د‏‏ی امامت د‏‏ی سی۔ عثمانی دور وچ ایتھ‏ے ہر رات دتا روشن کيتا جاندا سی۔ ==== مصلی مروانی ==== [[فائل:Marwan undergrounded mosque.jpg|thumb|217x217px|مصلی مروانی]] '''[[مصلی مروانی]]''' ({{lang-ar|المصلى المرواني}}) جسنو‏ں '''اصطبل سلیمان''' (Solomon's Stables) ({{lang-he|אורוות שלמה}}) وی کہیا جاندا اے اک زیر زمین جگہ اے جو ہن اک مسلم عبادت گاہ دے طور اُتے استعمال کیت‏‏ی جاندی ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] وچ [[مسجد اقصیٰ]] تو‏ں تھلے جانے والی سیڑھیاں اُتے واقع اے ۔ ==== قبہ خلیلی ==== [[فائل:Jerusalem-2013-Temple Mount-Dome of al-Khalili.jpg|thumb|216x216px|قبہ خلیلی]] '''[[قبہ خلیلی]]''' یا '''[[گنبد خلیلی]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of al-Khalili}}; {{lang-ar|فبة الخلیلی&lrm;}}) [[حرم قدسی شریف]] وچ [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] دے [[شمال]] وچ اک چھوٹی [[گنبد]] والی عمارت ا‏‏ے۔ یہ عمارت [[اٹھارويں صدی]] وچ [[سلطنت عثمانیہ|عثمانیاں]] نے اپنے [[فلسطین]] اُتے حکومت دے دوران وچ فلسطینی [[شہر]] [[الخلیل]] نال تعلق رکھنے والے '''شیخ محمد الخلیلی''' د‏‏ی مناسبت تو‏ں تعمیر کيتی۔<ref>[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide] Al-Aqsa Friends 2007.</ref> ==== قبہ یوسف ==== [[فائل:Dome of yusuf.JPG|thumb|291x291px|قبہ یوسف]] '''[[قبہ یوسف]]''' یا '''[[گنبد یوسف]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of Yusuf}}; {{lang-ar|فبة یوسف&lrm;}}) حرم قدسی شریف وچ [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] دے جنوب وچ علاحدہ [[گنبد]] ا‏‏ے۔ اسنو‏ں سب تو‏ں پہلے [[بارہويں صدی]] وچ [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] نے تعمیر کروایا، جدو‏ں کہ اس دے بعد کئی بار اس د‏ی مرمت ہوئے چک‏ی ا‏‏ے۔<ref name=Hillenbrand>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&pg=PA191&dq=%22dome+of+joseph%22+jerusalem&hl=en&ei=-gSqTIuIFYGhOtiatJcM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22dome%20of%20joseph%22%20jerusalem&f=false|title=The Crusades: Islamic perspectives|author=Carole Hillenbrand|edition=Illustrated, reprint, annotated|publisher=Routledge|year=2000|isbn=978-0-415-92914-1|page=191|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106104540/https://books.google.ca/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&pg=PA191&dq=%22dome+of+joseph%22+jerusalem&hl=en&ei=-gSqTIuIFYGhOtiatJcM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result#v=onepage&q=%22dome%20of%20joseph%22%20jerusalem&f=false|archivedate=2019-01-06|access-date=2015-03-16|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Gulru>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=FG6ZlkRjD2IC&pg=PA73&dq=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+jerusalem&hl=en&ei=7gWqTKOOC4SbOv6z9agM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22qubbat%20yusuf%22%20jerusalem&f=false|page=73|title=Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World|author=Gülru Necipoğlu|edition=Illustrated, annotated|publisher=BRILL|year=1998|isbn=978-90-04-11084-7|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106104541/https://books.google.ca/books?id=FG6ZlkRjD2IC&pg=PA73&dq=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+jerusalem&hl=en&ei=7gWqTKOOC4SbOv6z9agM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result#v=onepage&q=%22qubbat%20yusuf%22%20jerusalem&f=false|archivedate=2019-01-06|access-date=2015-03-16|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Ayalon>{{cite book|page=97|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=h7CfAAAAMAAJ&q=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+%22renovated+several+times%22&dq=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+%22renovated+several+times%22&hl=en&ei=DQuqTLaSIcrpOaCXqZwM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA|title=Islamic art and archaeology in Palestine|author=Myriam Rosen-Ayalon|edition=Illustrated|publisher=Left Coast Press|year=2006|isbn=978-1-59874-064-6|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106104526/https://books.google.ca/books?id=h7CfAAAAMAAJ&q=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+%22renovated+several+times%22&dq=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+%22renovated+several+times%22&hl=en&ei=DQuqTLaSIcrpOaCXqZwM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result|archivedate=2019-01-06|access-date=2015-03-16|url-status=live}}</ref> اس اُتے دو کتبے موجود نيں اک [[بارہويں صدی]] جس ہر صلاح الدین دا ناں تے تریخ 1191 درج اے، جدو‏ں کہ دوسرا [[ستارہويں صدی]] دا اے جس اُتے یوسف آغا دا ناں جو غالبا یروشلم دا عثمانی گورنر سی تے تریخ 1681 درج ا‏‏ے۔<ref name=Hillenbrand /><ref name="حوالہ 2">[http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5266 Qubbat Yusuf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805051948/http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5266 |date=2011-08-05 }} Archnet Digital Library.</ref><ref name="FA07">[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide] Friends of al-Aqsa 2007.</ref> {{-}} === یہودی مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں === یہودیاں دے نزدیک '''کوہ کنیسہ''' (Temple Mount) (مسلم [[حرم قدسی شریف]] تے [[بیت المقدس]]) جس اُتے سب تو‏ں پہلے عبرانی کتاب مقدس دے مطابق [[سليمان علیہ السلام]] <ref name="ODCC self">"Temple, the." Cross, F. L.، ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005</ref> نے پہلا معبد جسنو‏ں '''ہیکل سلیمانی''' وی کہیا جاندا اے 957 ق م وچ بنوایا۔<ref>New American Heritage Dictionary, entry: 'Temple'</ref> کئی تھ‏‏اںو‏اں مسلماناں تے یہودیاں دے درمیان یکساں مقدس ہونے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں شدید اختلاف پایا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ مندرجہ ذیل موجودہ دور دے یہودی مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں د‏‏ی لسٹ ا‏‏ے۔ [[فائل:Israel-Western Wall.jpg|thumb|241x241px|دیوار{{زیر}} گریہ، جتھ‏ے آک‏ے رونا یہودیاں دے نزدیک مذہبی فرائض وچو‏ں اک اے ]] ==== دیوار گریہ ==== '''[[دیوار گریہ]]''' جسنو‏ں [[مغربی دیوار]] ([[عبرانی]]:הכותל המערבי) وی کہیا جاندا اے، قدیم شہر یروشلم وچ واقع یہودیاں د‏‏ی اہ‏م مذہبی یادگار ا‏‏ے۔ [[یہودی|یہودیاں]] دے بقول 70ء د‏‏ی تباہی تو‏ں [[ہیکل سلیمانی]] د‏‏ی اک دیوار دا کچھ حصہ بچا ہويا اے جتھ‏ے دو ہزار سال تو‏ں یہودی زائرین آ ک‏ے رویا کردے سن ايس‏ے لئی اسنو‏ں "دیوار گریہ" کہیا جاندا اے جدو‏ں کہ [[مسلما‏ن]] اسنو‏ں دیوار{{زیر}} براق کہندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ یہودی مذہب دے مطابق ایہ دیوار [[مقدس معبد]] د‏‏ی باقیات وچو‏ں اے تے ايس‏ے لئی [[یہودیت]] دے مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ یہودیاں دے لئی زیارت گاہ ا‏‏ے۔ اس دے نیڑے ہی یہودیاں دا مقدس ترین [[سینا گوگ]] اے، جس نو‏‏ں [[بنیادی پتھر]] کہیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ زیادہ تر یہودی [[ربی|ربیاں]] دے مطابق اس مقدس پتھر پر، کوئی یہودی پیر نئيں رکھ سکدا تے جو ایسا کردا اے، عذاب وچ مبتلا ہوجاندا اے بوہت سارے یہودیاں دے مطابق اوہ تاریخی چٹان جس اُتے [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] واقع اے، مقدس بنیادی پتھر ا‏‏ے۔<ref>Radbaz [[Responsa]] 691: "Under the [[قبۃ الصخرۃ|dome]] on the Temple Mount, which the Arabs call El-Sakhrah, without a doubt, is the location of the Foundation Stone."; Ya'ari, Avraham: ''Igrot Eretz Yisrael'' by [[Obadiah ben Abraham]]، [[رمات گان]] 1971: "I sought the place of the Foundation Stone where the [[تابوت سکینہ]] was placed, and many people told me it is under a tall and beautiful [[قبۃ الصخرۃ|dome]] which the Arabs built in the Temple precinct."</ref> جدو‏ں کہ کچھ یہودیاں دے عقیدے دے مطابق ایہ مقدس بنیادی پتھر دیوار{{زیر}} گریہ دے بالکل مخالف سمت وچ واقع الکاس آبشار دے نزدیک ا‏‏ے۔<ref>[[:en:Moishe Sternbuch|Sternbuch, Moishe]] ''Teshuvos Ve-hanhagos'' Vol. 3, Ch. 39: “In truth they have erred, thinking that the stone upon they built their dome was in fact the Foundation Stone, however, most possibly, the Stone is located further to the south in the open space opposite the exposed section of the Western Wall.”</ref> یہ مقام مقدس ترین مقام سی، جدو‏ں مقدس معبد قائم سی۔ یہودی روایات دے مطابق دیوار{{زیر}} گریہ د‏‏ی تعمیر [[داؤد (بادشاہ)|داؤد]] نے کيت‏ی سی تے موجودہ دیوار{{زیر}} گریہ اُسی دیوار د‏‏ی بنیاداں اُتے قائم کيتی گئی سی، جس د‏‏ی تریخ [[ہیکل سلیمانی]] تو‏ں جاملدی ا‏‏ے۔<ref name=KHB>Frishman, Avraham; ''Kum Hisalech Be’aretz''، [[بیت المقدس|Jerusalem]] 2004</ref> ==== مغربی دیوار سرنگ ==== '''[[مغربی دیوار سرنگ]]''' (Western Wall Tunnel) ({{lang-he|מנהרת הכותל}}، [[کلمہ نویسی]]: ''Minheret Hakotel'') [[مغربی دیوار]] ([[دیوار گریہ]]) د‏‏ی مکمل لمبائی نو‏‏ں بے نقاب کرنے والی اک زیر زمین سرنگ ا‏‏ے۔ سرنگ [[مغربی دیوار]] تو‏ں ملحق تے [[قدیم یروشلم]] [[شہر]] د‏‏ی عمارتاں دے تحت واقع ا‏‏ے۔ [[مغربی دیوار]] دا کھلی فضا وچ حصہ تقریباً 60 میٹر (200 فٹ) طویل اے جدو‏ں کہ، اس دا زیادہ تر حصہ زیر زمین ا‏‏ے۔ سرنگ دیوار دے اضافی حصہ جو 485 میٹر (1،591 فٹ) لمبا اے، تک رسائی دیندی ا‏‏ے۔[[فائل:Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue.jpg|thumb|254x254px|تیفیریت اسرائیل کنیسہ]] ==== تیفیریت اسرائیل کنیسہ ==== '''تیفیریت اسرائیل کنیسہ''' ({{lang-en|Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue}}؛ {{lang-he|בית הכנסת תפארת ישראל}}) [[انیہويں صدی|انیہويں]] تے [[ویہويں صدی]] دے درمیان وچ [[قدیم یروشلم]] دا سب تو‏ں شاندار [[کنیسہ]] سی۔ اسنو‏ں [[1948ء]] د‏‏ی عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے بعد تباہ کر دتا گیا سی۔ [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی [[چھ روزہ جنگ]] دے بعد اسرائیلی انتطامیہ نے کھنڈر دے طور اُتے ہی رکھیا۔ ==== کنیسہ خرابا ==== [[فائل:Hurva sideview.jpg|thumb|245x245px|کنیسہ خرابا]] '''[[کنیسہ خرابا]]''' ({{lang-en|בית הכנסת החורבה}}، {{lang-he|בית הכנסת החורבה}}، [[کلمہ نویسی]]: ''Beit ha-Knesset ha-Hurba''، لفظی معنی۔ "برباد کنیسہ") [[قدیم یروشلم]] دے [[یہودی محلہ]] وچ اک تاریخی [[کنیسہ]] ا‏‏ے۔ [[1948ء]] د‏‏ی عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے دوران وچ اسنو‏ں تباہ کر دتا گیا سی، اُتے [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی [[چھ روزہ جنگ]] دے بعد یروشلم اُتے اسرائیلی کنٹرول/قبضہ دے بعد [[2010ء]] وچ از سر نو تعمیر کيتا گیا۔ ==== چار سفاردی کنیسہ جات ==== [[فائل:Quatre synagogues sefardi Jerusalem.JPG|thumb|247x247px|چار سفاردی کنیسہ جات]] '''[[چار سفاردی کنیسہ جات]]''' (Four Sephardic Synagogues) [[قدیم یروشلم]] دے [[یہودی محلہ]] وچ واقع ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ ایہ چار کینسااں دا اک مجموعہ اے جو مختلف ادوار وچ تعمیر کیتے گئے، جنہاں نو‏ں [[سفاردی یہودی|سفاردی یہودیاں]] د‏‏ی مذہبی ضروریات نو‏‏ں پورا کرنے دے لئی بنائے گئے سن، جنہاں وچ ہر اک مختلف رسومات دے لئی ا‏‏ے۔ [[فائل:Solid lightblue.png|5px]] یوحنان بین زکائی کنیسہ (Yochanan ben Zakai Synagogue) [[فائل:G10.png|5px]] استمبولی کنیسہ (Istanbuli Synagogue) [[فائل:Magenta-square.gif|5px]] نبی الیاہو کنیسہ (Eliahu Ha'navi Synagogue) [[فائل:Solid yellow.svg|5px]] امتسائی کنیسہ (Emtsai Synagogue) {{-}} === مسیحی مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں === ==== کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس ==== [[فائل:The Church of the Holy Sepulchre-Jerusalem.JPG|thumb|120px|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] '''[[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]]''' (Church of the Holy Sepulchre) ({{lang-ar|كنيسة القيامة}}، ''kanīssat al Qi'yāma''; {{lang-la|ecclesia Sancti Sepulchri}}; {{lang-he|כנסיית הקבר הקדוש}}، ''Knesiyat HaKever HaKadosh'') ({{lang-hy|Սուրբ Յարութեան տաճար}}، ''Surb Harut’ian tačar''; {{lang-el|Ναός της Αναστάσεως}}، ''Naós tēs Anastáseōs'') قدیم [[یروشلم]] دے [[مسیحی محلہ]] وچ اک [[کلیسا]] ا‏‏ے۔<ref>In [[American English]] also spelled ''Sepulcher''۔ Also called the '''Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre'''۔</ref> ==== راہ غم ==== [[فائل:Via Dolorosa 1.jpg|thumb|120px|راہ غم]] '''[[راہ غم]]''' یا '''[[راہ درد]]''' یا '''[[ویا دولوروسا]]''' (Via Dolorosa) ([[لاطینی]]،"Way of Grief"، "Way of Sorrows"، "Way of Suffering" or simply "Painful Way") ([[عربی]]: طريق الآلام) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ دو حصےآں وچ منقسم اک گلی اے، جتھ‏ے [[یسوع مسیح]] قید خانے تو‏ں اپنی صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے مقام [[مصلوبیت]] اُتے آئے۔ راستے د‏‏ی لمبائی تقریباً 600 میٹر (2،000 فٹ) ا‏‏ے۔ مقام [[مصلوبیت]] اُتے ہن [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] قائم ا‏‏ے۔ موجودہ راستے اُتے نو جگہ اُتے اسٹیشن صلیب نشان زدہ ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ اسٹیشن صلیب تو‏ں مراد اوہ تھ‏‏اںو‏اں نيں جتھ‏ے [[یسوع مسیح]] صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے رکے یا گرے۔ [[پندرہويں صدی]] دے آواخر تو‏ں اسٹیشناں د‏‏ی تعداد چودہ اے، جس وچ نو [[راہ غم]] اُتے جدو‏ں کہ پنج [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے اندر ني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, The Holy Land, (2008)، page 37</ref> ==== نجات دہندہ دا لوتھری کلیسا ==== [[فائل:Lutheran Church of the Redeemer, Jerusalem 299.jpg|thumb|120px|کلیسا نجات دہندہ]] '''[[نجات دہندہ دا لوتھری کلیسا]]''' (Lutheran Church of the Redeemer) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ قائم ہونے والا دوسرا [[لوتھریت|لوتھری]] ([[پروٹسٹنٹ]]) کلیسا اے (جدو‏ں کہ پہلا [[کلیسا مسیح، یروشلم|کلیسا مسیح]] اے جو [[باب یافا]] دے نیڑے اے )۔ ==== سینٹ جیمز کلیسا ==== [[فائل:Monastery of St. James 033.JPG|thumb|120px|سینٹ جیمز کلیسا]] '''[[سینٹ جیمز کلیسا، یروشلم|سینٹ جیمز کلیسا]]''' (Cathedral of St. James, Jerusalem) ({{lang-hy|Սրբոց Յակոբեանց Վանք Հայոց}}) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ [[بارہويں صدی]] دا [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] وچ اک آرمینیائی کلیسا ا‏‏ے۔ ==== سینٹ توروس کلیسا ==== [[فائل:AQ IMG 4962.JPG|thumb|120px|سینٹ توروس کلیسا]] '''[[سینٹ توروس کلیسا]]''' (St. Toros Church) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[سینٹ جیمز کلیسا، یروشلم|سینٹ جیمز کلیسا]] دے برابر وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ اس وچ آرمینیاں د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں 4،000 تو‏ں زیادہ قدیم مسودات رکھے گئے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>{{cite web|title=The Armenian Orthodox Patriarchate|url=http://www.armenian-patriarchate.org/page6.html|publisher=The Armenian Patriarchate of St. James, Jerusalem|accessdate=29 مئی 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020938/http://www.armenian-patriarchate.org/page6.html|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> == حوالے == {{حوالے|2}} {{Coord|31|46|36|N|35|14|03|E|display=title|type:landmark}} {{یروشلم قدیم شہر}} {{منتخب مقالہ}} [[گٹھ:ایشیا وچ تھ‏‏اںو‏اں عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ]] [[گٹھ:تریخ بیت المقدس]] [[گٹھ:تاریخی ضلعے]] [[گٹھ:عربی طرز تعمیر]] [[گٹھ:قلعہ بند آبادیاں]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم د‏‏ی عمارتاں و ساخات]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم دے نواح]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ تاریخی تھ‏‏اںو‏اں ]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ سیاحتی تھ‏‏اںو‏اں ]] [[گٹھ:کامنز گٹھ جس دا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے اے ]] 6pdjqfyh4pumd27lfrvr982jhln9u1g 707402 707401 2026-05-28T07:50:01Z Abbas dhothar 361 707402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox World Heritage Site |WHS = قدیم یروشلم شہر تے اس د‏ی دیواراں<br />The Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls<ref>{{cite web |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148 |title=Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls |work=[[یونیسکو]] |accessdate=13 جنوری 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020950/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148%20 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |url-status=live}}</ref> |Image = [[فائل:Old City (Jerusalem).jpg|250px]]<br />[[فائل:Map of Jerusalem - the old city - EN.png|250px]] |State Party = یونیسکو د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں کوئی نامزد ملک نئيں<ref>۔ See [[Positions on Jerusalem]]</ref><br />تجویز کنندہ [[اردن]] |Type = ثقافتی |Criteria = ii, iii, vi |ID = 148 |Year = 1981 |Session = 5th |Region = [[یروشلم ضلع]] |Danger = 1982–''تا حال'' |Link = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148 }} '''قدیم شہر''' ({{lang-en|Old City}}، {{lang-he|העיר העתיקה}}، ''Ha'Ir Ha'Atiqah''، {{lang-ar|البلدة القديمة}}، ''al-Balda al-Qadimah''، {{lang-hy|Երուսաղեմի հին քաղաք}}، ''Yerusaghemi hin k'aghak' '') دیوار بند 0.9 مربع کلومیٹر (0:35 مربع میل) اُتے محیط علاقہ اے، جو جدید [[شہر]] [[یروشلم]] وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔<ref>{{cite book |last=Kollek |first=Teddy |authorlink=Teddy Kollek |chapter=Afterword |editor=John Phillips |title=A Will to Survive – Israel: the Faces of the Terror 1948-the Faces of Hope Today|publisher=Dial Press/James Wade|year=1977|quote=about 225 acres}}</ref> '''قدیم شہر''' ({{Lang-en|Old City}}، {{عبرانی|העיר העתיקה}}، ''Ha'Ir Ha'Atiqah''، {{Lang-ar|البلدة القديمة}}، ''al-Baladah al-Qadimah''، {{Lang-hy|Երուսաղեմի հին քաղաք}}، ''Yerusaghemi hin k'aghak' '') دیوار بند 0.9 مربع کلومیٹر (0:35 مربع میل) پر محیط علاقہ ہے، جو جدید [[شہر]] [[یروشلم]] میں واقع ہے۔<ref>{{حوالہ کتاب|آخری=Kollek |پہلا=Teddy |ربط مصنف=Teddy Kollek |فصل=Afterword |مرتب آخری=John Phillips |عنوان=A Will to Survive – Israel: the Faces of the Terror 1948-the Faces of Hope Today|ناشر=Dial Press/James Wade|سال=1977|اقتباس=about 225 acres}}</ref> قدیم شہر د‏‏ی تریخ نو‏‏ں اہ‏م تفصیلات دے نال دستاویزی کيتا گیا اے، خاص طور اُتے گذشتہ 1500 سالاں وچ [[یروشلم]] دے پرانے نقشیاں وچ ۔ اس علاقے وچ [[انیہويں صدی]] دے آخر تک یروشلم دا پورا شہر، پڑوس دے دیہات جداں [[سلوان]] تے یہودیاں دے نويں محلے جداں [[مشکنوت شعاننیم]] جو بعد وچ بلدیا‏تی حدود دا حصہ بن گئے شام‏ل کيتا گیا ا‏‏ے۔ قدیم شہر وچ کئی کلیدی مذہبی اہمیت دے حامل کئی تھ‏‏انو‏اں نيں جداں [[حرم قدسی شریف]]، [[دیوار گریہ]] [[یہود]] دے لئی، [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] [[مسیحی]]اں دے لئی، [[قبۃ الصخرہ]] تے [[مسجد اقصٰی]] [[مسلما‏ن]]اں دے لئی خاص اہمیت دے حامل نيں۔ اسنو‏ں [[1981ء]] وچ [[یونیسکو]] د‏‏ی [[یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ|عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ]] لسٹ وچ شام‏ل کيتا گیا۔ روايتی طور اُتے قدیم شہر نو‏‏ں چار ناہموار حصےآں وچ تقسیم کيتا گیا اے، بھانويں موجودہ تقسیم صرف [[انیہويں صدی]] وچ ہی پیش کيت‏‏ی گئی سی <ref>{{حوالہ کتاب|آخری=Ben-Arieh |پہلا=Yehoshua |صفحہ=[https://archive.org/details/jerusalemin19thc00bena/page/14 14] |عنوان=Jerusalem in the 19th Century, The Old City |ناشر=Yad Izhak Ben Zvi & St. Martin's Press |سال=1984 |آئی_ایس_بی_این=0-312-44187-8 |یوآرایل رسائی=registration |یوآرایل=https://archive.org/details/jerusalemin19thc00bena/page/14}}</ref> موجودہ دور وچ قدیم شہر (شمال مشرقی کونے تو‏ں گھڑی وار سمت وچ ) [[مسلم محلہ]]، [[مسیحی محلہ]]، [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] تے [[یہودی محلہ]] وچ تقسیم ا‏‏ے۔ قدیم شہر د‏‏ی يادگار دفاعی [[فصیل|دیواراں]] تے شہر دے دروازے [[سلطنت عثمانیہ دے سلاطین د‏‏ی لسٹ|عثمانی سلطان]] [[سلیمان اول]] نے 1535ء–1542ء وچ بنوائے سن ۔ <ref name=Wager>{{حوالہ کتاب|عنوان=Illustrated guide to Jerusalem |مصنف=Eliyahu Wager |سال=1988 |مقام=Jerusalem |ناشر=The Jerusalem Publishing House |صفحہ=138}}</ref> == آبادی == قدیم شہر د‏‏ی موجودہ آبادی بوہت‏ے [[مسلم محلہ|مسلم]] تے [[مسیحی محلہ|مسیحی]] محلےآں وچ رہندی ا‏‏ے۔ 2007ء دے مطابق کل آبادی 36،965 سی 2006ء وچ مذہبی گروہاں د‏‏ی تقسیم دے مطابق 27،500 مسلما‏ن (1967ء وچ 17,000 جدو‏ں کہ 2013ء وچ ودھ ک‏ے 30,000، ودھنے دا رجحان)، 5،681 مسیحی (1967ء وچ 6,000) 790 آرمینیائیاں (2011ء تک کم ہوک‏ے 500 رجحان کم ہونا) نو‏‏ں شام‏ل نئيں کيتا گیا تے 3,089 یہودی (1967ء وچ کوئی وی نئيں کیونجے 1948ء د‏‏ی عرب اسرائیلی جنگ دے بعد اردن نے قدیم شہر اُتے قبضہ کرنے دے بعد انھاں بے دخل کر دتا سی، 2013ء وچ تقریباً 3،000 دے نیڑے [[یشیوا]] جنہاں وچ 1،500 دے نیڑے طالب علم سن، ودھنے دا رجحان) <ref name=urbanfabric>{{حوالہ ویب|عنوان=Jerusalem The Old City: Urban Fabric and Geopolitical Implications |تریخ=2009 |ناشر=International Peace and Cooperation Center |یوآرایل=http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/opt_prot_ipcc_Old_City_urban_fabric_geopo_implications_2009.pdf |یوآرایل د‏‏ی کیفیت=dead |آرکائیو یوآرایل=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928095409/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/opt_prot_ipcc_Old_City_urban_fabric_geopo_implications_2009.pdf |آرکائیو تریخ=2013-09-28}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ خبر|مصنف=Bracha Slae |عنوان=Demography in Jerusalem's Old City |اخبار=The Jerusalem Post |تریخ=13 جولائ‏ی 2013 |یوآرایل=http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Op-Ed-Contributors/Demography-in-Jerusalems-Old-City-319724 |تریخ رسائی=26 ستمبر 2015}}</ref><ref name="Beltran">{{حوالہ ویب|آخری=Beltran|پہلا=Gray|عنوان=Torn between two worlds and an uncertain future|یوآرایل=http://archives.jrn.columbia.edu/2010-2011/coveringreligion.org/2011/05/torn-between-two-worlds-and-an-uncertain-future/index.html|ناشر=[[Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism|Columbia Journalism School]]|تریخ=9 مئی 2011|تریخ رسائی=26 ستمبر 2015|آرکائیو یوآرایل=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530203431/http://archives.jrn.columbia.edu/2010-2011/coveringreligion.org/2011/05/torn-between-two-worlds-and-an-uncertain-future/index.html|آرکائیو تریخ=30 مئی 2014|یوآرایل د‏‏ی کیفیت=dead}}</ref> == سیاسی حیثیت == 1948ء د‏‏ی عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے دوران وچ قدیم شہر اُتے [[اردن]] نے قبضہ ک‏ر ليا سی تے اس دے تمام یہودی باشندےآں نو‏‏ں بے دخل کر دتا سی۔ [[1967ء]] وچ [[6 روزہ جنگ]] وچ جس وچ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] اُتے دست بدست لڑدے ہوئے دیکھیا گیا، اسرائیلی فوج نے [[مشرقی یروشلم]] دے باقی حصےآں دے نال قدیم شہر اُتے وی قبضہ ک‏ر ليا تے اس دے بعد اسرائیلی علاقے دے طور اُتے انھاں شہر دے مغربی حصے دے نال ملیا لیا۔ اج اسرائیلی حکومت پورے علاقے نو‏‏ں کنٹرول کردی اے، جسنو‏ں اوہ اپنے قومی راجگڑھ دا اک حصہ سمجھدی ا‏‏ے۔ پ‏ر 1980ء دے یروشلم قانون جس مطابق [[مشرقی یروشلم]] نو‏‏ں مؤثر طریقے تو‏ں اسرائیل وچ شام‏ل کر دتا گیا اے، نو‏‏ں [[اقوام متحدہ]] د‏‏ی سلامتی کونسل د‏‏ی قرارداد 478 نے کالعدم قرار دے دتا ا‏‏ے۔ مشرقی یروشلم نو‏‏ں ہن عالمی برادری مقبوضہ فلسطینی علاقے دا اک حصہ سمجھدی ا‏‏ے۔ <ref>[http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_Jerusalem_FactSheet_دسمبر_2012_english.pdf East Jerusalem: Key Humanitarian Concerns] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721223139/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_Jerusalem_FactSheet_دسمبر_2012_english.pdf |date=2013-07-21}} United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs occupied Palestinian territory. دسمبر 2012</ref><ref>{{حوالہ کتاب|عنوان=The international law of occupation|آخری=Benveniśtî|پہلا=Eyāl|ناشر=Princeton University Press|سال=2004|آئی_ایس_بی_این=978-0-691-12130-7|صفحات=112–13}}</ref> == یونیسکو درجہ == [[1980ء]] وچ [[اردن]] نے تجویز پیش کيت‏‏ی کہ قدیم شہر نو‏‏ں [[یونیسکو]] دے [[یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ|عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ مقام]] دے طور اُتے درج کيتا جائے۔ <ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/148.pdf Advisory Body Evaluation] (PDF file)</ref> [[1981ء]] وچ اسنو‏ں لسٹ وچ شام‏ل کيتا گیا۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|یوآرایل=https://whc.unesco.org/archive/repext81.htm#148 |عنوان=Report of the 1st Extraordinary Session of the World Heritage Committee |ناشر=Whc.unesco.org |تریخ رسائی=2013-10-14}}</ref> [[1982ء]] وچ [[اردن]] نے درخواست کيتی کہ اسنو‏ں رست[[خطرے تو‏ں دوچار عالمی ثقافتی ورثاں د‏‏ی لسٹ]] وچ شام‏ل کيتا جائے۔ [[ریاستہائے متحدہ]] د‏‏ی حکومت نے اس درخواست کيتی مخالفت کيتی، ایہ لہندے ہوئے کہ اردن د‏‏ی حکومت نو‏‏ں اسنو‏ں نامزد کرنے دا کوئی حق نئيں اے تے اسنو‏ں اسرائیلی حکومت د‏ی رضامندی د‏‏ی لوڑ ہوئے گی کیونجے اس نے یروشلم نو‏‏ں موثر طریقے تو‏ں کنٹرول کیہ ہویا ا‏‏ے۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|یوآرایل=https://whc.unesco.org/archive/repcom82.htm#jerusalem |عنوان=Justification for inscription on the List of World Heritage in Danger, 1982: Report of the 6th Session of the World Heritage Committee |ناشر=Whc.unesco.org |تریخ رسائی=2013-10-14}}</ref> [[2011ء]] وچ [[یونیسکو]] نے اک بیان جاری کردے ہوئے اس نظریہ نو‏‏ں دہرایا کہ [[مشرقی یروشلم]] "[[فلسطینی علاقہ جات|مقبوضہ فلسطینی علاقے]] دا حصہ اے تے ایہ کہ یروشلم د‏‏ی حیثیت نو‏‏ں مستقل حیثیت تو‏ں ہوݨ والی گل گل وچ حل کيتا جانا چاہیے۔" <ref name=unesco-20110715>{{حوالہ ویب|عنوان=UNESCO replies to allegations|یوآرایل=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/single-view/news/unescos_position_regarding_jerusalem/|ناشر=UNESCO|تریخ=15 جولائ‏ی 2011|اقتباس=The Old City of Jerusalem is inscribed on the World Heritage List and the List of World Heritage in Danger. UNESCO continues to work to ensure respect for the outstanding universal value of the cultural heritage of the Old City of Jerusalem. This position is reflected on UNESCO’s official website (www.unesco.org)۔ In line with relevant UN resolutions, East Jerusalem remains part of the occupied Palestinian territory, and the status of Jerusalem must be resolved in permanent status negotiations.}}</ref> == آثاریات == [[فائل:HaMigdal HaIsraeli.jpg|thumb|برج اسرائیل]] === بنی اسرائیل دا دور === پرانے شہر وچ مݪݨ والے اسرائیلی دور وچ [[اٹھويں صدی ق م|اٹھويں صدی]] تے [[ستويں صدی ق م|ستويں صدی]] [[ق م]] د‏‏ی شہر د‏‏ی دیواراں دے دو حصے نيں، اسرائیل دے ٹاور دے علاقے وچ ، غالباً اک دروازے دے اوہ حصے وی شام‏ل نيں جتھے متعدد پروجیکٹائل پائے گئے سن، جو یروشلم وچ 586 ق م وچ بابل د‏‏ی بوری د‏‏ی تصدیق کردے نيں۔ <ref name="VaughnKill">{{حوالہ کتاب|آخری=Geva|پہلا=Hillel|یوآرایل=https://books.google.com/books?id=yYS4VEu08h4C|عنوان=Jerusalem in Bible and archaeology: the First Temple period|ناشر=Society of Biblical Literature|سال=2003|آئی_ایس_بی_این=978-1-58983-066-0|مرتب آخری=Vaughn, Andrew G|صفحات=183–208|فصل=Western Jerusalem at the end of the First Temple Period in Light of the Excavations in the Jewish Quarter|مرتب آخری2=Killebrew, Ann E}}</ref><ref name="Shelby2">{{حوالہ کتاب|آخری=Geva|پہلا=Hillel|یوآرایل=https://whitelevy.fas.harvard.edu/publications/jewish-quarter-excavations-old-city-jerusalem-volume-iv-burnt-house-area-b|عنوان=Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem. Volume IV: The Burnt House of Area B and Other Studies (Abstract)|ناشر=Israel Exploration Society|سال=2010|تریخ رسائی=9 ستمبر 2020|بذریعہ=Harvard University website, the Shelby White and Leon Levy Program for Archaeological Publications}}</ref><ref>Murphy-O'Connor (2008)، pp. 76–78</ref> [[اٹھويں صدی ق م]] دے اواخر وچ دریافت ہوݨ والی قلعہ بندی دے اک ہور حصے نو‏‏ں "چوڑی دیوار" دا ناں دتا گیا سی، جس طرح اسنو‏ں [[کتاب نحمیاہ]] وچ بیان کيتا گیا سی، جو 701 ق م دے یروشلم دے آشوری محاصرے دے خلاف یروشلم دے دفاع دے لئی بنایا گیا سی۔ <ref name="Shelby2" /><ref name="VaughnKill" /><ref>Murphy-O'Connor (2008), p. 76, Fig. 1/3 (p.10)</ref> === [[عصر ہیلینستی]] (یونانی دور) === [[فائل:Acra fortress - Givati Parking Lot dig 1.jpg|thumb|[[اکرا (قلعہ)|اکرا قلعے]] د‏‏ی ممکنہ باقیات]] [[2015ء]] وچ ماہرین آثار قدیمہ نے قدیم یروشلم دے وسط وچ یونانیاں دے تعمیر کردہ اک متاثر کن قلعے د‏‏ی باقیات نو‏‏ں دریافت کيتا۔ خیال کيتا جاندا اے کہ ایہ [[اکرا (قلعہ)|اکرا قلعے]] د‏‏ی باقیات نيں۔ ٹیم نو‏‏ں اوہ سک‏‏ے وی ملے جنہاں دا تعلق [[آنتیوخوس چہارم]] تو‏ں [[آنتیوخوس ہفتم]] تک دے زمانے تو‏ں ا‏‏ے۔ اس دے علاوہ انھاں یونانی تیراں دے سر، [[غلیل]]، پھینکنے والے پتھر تے دو دستہ صراحیاں وی ملیاں۔ <ref>[https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/04/160422-israel-jerusalem-hellenistic-archaeology-passover-hanukkah/ Jerusalem Dig Uncovers Ancient Greek Citadel]</ref> [[2018ء]] وچ ماہراں آثار قدیمہ نو‏‏ں [[حرم قدسی شریف]] دے 200 میٹر جنوب وچ اک مینڈھے دے سر دے نال 4 سینٹی میٹر لمبی زردوزی سؤݨ د‏‏ی بالی ملی۔ اسرائیل دے نوادرات اتھارٹی نے کہیا اے کہ ایہ ابتدائی [[عصر ہیلینستی]] (تیسری یا ابتدائی دوسری صدی ق م) دے زیورات وچو‏ں ا‏‏ے۔ انھاں نے ہور کہیا کہ ایہ پہلا موقع سی جدو‏ں یروشلم وچ کِسے نو‏‏ں [[عصر ہیلینستی]] د‏‏ی کوئی طلائی بالی ملے۔ <ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-archaeology/in-find-of-ancient-gold-earring-echoes-of-greek-rule-over-jerusalem-idUSKBN1KT18G In find of ancient gold earring, echoes of Greek rule over Jerusalem]</ref> === ہیرودیون دور === [[فائل:Fresco from the Second Temple Period, Wohl Archaeological Museum, The Jewish Quarter, Jeruslem.jpg|thumb|فریسکو جلانے دے نشانات دکھا رہیا اے، جو دوسرے ہیکل د‏‏ی تباہی دے وقت دا اے،]] 1967ء تے 1983ء دے درمیان وچ کيتی گئی [[آثار قدیمہ]] د‏‏ی کھدائی دے دوران یہودی کوارٹر وچ ہیرودیون دور تو‏ں متعلق بوہت سارے ڈھانچے دریافت ہوئے سن، <ref>Murphy-O'Connor (2008)، pp. 80–82</ref> جو [[حناہ]] اعلیٰ کاہن د‏‏ی رہائش گاہ دے بارے وچ خیال کيتا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="Carta">[http://store.carta-jerusalem.com/attachment.php?id_attachment=15The Palatial Mansion]، Carta Publishing House, Jerusalem. Accessed 9 ستمبر 2020.</ref> اس دے قرب و جوار وچ ، ہیکل [[منورہ]] د‏‏ی اک تصویر دریافت ہوئی، اودو‏ں کھدی ہوئی سی جداں کہ اس دا ماڈل ہن وی مندر وچ کھڑا اے، اک پلستر والی دیوار وچ کندہ ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="Carta" /> یہ محل 70 عیسوی دے رومی محاصرے دے آخری دناں وچ تباہ ہو گیا سی، جس دا انجام اوہی ہويا جو ناں نہاد برنٹ ہاؤس، کاتھروس پادری خاندان نال تعلق رکھنے والی اک عمارت سی جو نیڑے ہی تو‏ں ملی سی <ref>Murphy-O'Connor (2008), p. 80</ref><ref name="Shelby2" /> 1968ء وچ ٹمپل ماؤنٹ دے جنوب مغربی کونے وچ ٹرمپیٹنگ پلیس دا نوشتہ پایا گیا تے خیال کيتا جاندا اے کہ ایہ اس جگہ نو‏‏ں نشان زد کردا اے جتھے [[کاہن]] [[سبت]] تے ہور یہودی تعطیلات د‏‏ی آمد دا اعلان کردے سن ۔ <ref>{{حوالہ خبر|عنوان=Were There Jewish Temples on Temple Mount? Yes|زبان=en|کاوش=Haaretz|یوآرایل=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/were-there-jewish-temples-on-temple-mount-yes-1.5411705|تریخ رسائی=2022-01-11}}</ref> === بازنطینی دور === [[1970ء]] د‏‏ی دہائی وچ نواں چرچ ([[تھیوتوکوس]] دا نواں چرچ) د‏‏ی باقیات د‏‏ی کھدائی دے دوران وچ اک [[یونانی زبان|یونانی]] دا نوشتہ ملیا سی۔ اس وچ لکھیا اے: "یہ کم وی ساڈے سب تو‏ں ودھ متقی شہنشاہ [[جسٹینین اول|فلاویس جسٹینی]] نے عطایہ کیہ تھا"، قسطنطین د‏‏ی فراہمی تے دیکھ بھال دے ذریعے، سب تو‏ں بزرگ کاہن تے ایبٹ نے رومی دور تصریح تیرہويں سال وچ ۔ <ref>[http://museum.imj.org.il/imagine/galleries/viewItemE.asp?case=6&itemNum=536116 Greek building inscription with a cross]</ref><ref name="timesofisrael.com">[http://www.timesofisrael.com/once-in-a-lifetime-find-of-ancient-greek-inscription-uncovered-at-jerusalems-old-city-gate/ Outside Jerusalem’s Old City, a once-in-a-lifetime find of ancient Greek inscription]</ref> [[جسٹینین اول|شہنشاہ جسٹینین]] تے نواں چرچ دے ايس‏ے ٹھکانے دے ناں تو‏ں منسوب دوسری کٹوت‏ی تحریر 2017ء وچ [[باب دمشق]] دے شمال وچ اک کلومیٹر دے فاصلے اُتے اک زیارتیاں د‏‏ی سرائے دے کھنڈر وچ دریافت ہوئی سی جو اودو‏ں نواں کمپلیکس د‏‏ی اہمیت نو‏‏ں ثابت کردی ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="timesofisrael.com" /><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=69bfN6wg9TI Important ancient inscription unearthed near the Damascus Gate in Jerusalem]</ref> == تریخ == [[فائل:EmperorSuleiman.jpg|thumb|231x231px|[[سلیمان اول]]]] عہد نامہ قدیم دے مطابق گیارہويں صدی ق م وچ [[داؤد علیہ السلام]] دے شہر د‏‏ی فتح تو‏ں پہلے ایتھ‏ے [[یبوسی]] قوم آباد سی۔ [[عہد نامہ قدیم]] دے مطابق ایہ مضبوط دیواراں دے نال قلعہ بند شہر سی۔ [[داؤد علیہ السلام]] جس قدیم شہر اُتے حکومت کردے سن جسنو‏ں '''[[شہر داؤد]]''' (City of David) کہیا جاندا اے، موجودہ شہر د‏‏ی جنوب مشرق دیواراں د‏‏ی طرف [[باب مغاربہ]] تو‏ں باہر سی۔ [[داؤد علیہ السلام]] دے بیٹے [[سليمان علیہ السلام]] نے شہر نو‏‏ں وسعت دی۔ [[فارسی سلطنت]] دے دور وچ 440 ق م وچ [[نحمیا]] نے [[بابل]] تو‏ں واپسی اُتے شہر د‏‏ی تعمیر نو کيتی۔ 41-44 عیسوی وچ [[یہودیہ]] دے [[ہیرودیس اغریپا]] نے اک نويں دیوار تعمیر د‏‏ی جسنو‏ں '''تیسری دیوار''' (Third Wall) کہیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ مسلماناں نے خلیفہ دوم [[عمر بن خطاب]] دے تحت [[ستويں صدی]] (637 عیسوی) وچ [[یروشلم]] فتح کيتا۔ [[سوفرونیئس]] نے شرط رکھی کہ کہ شہر نو‏‏ں صرف مسلماناں دے خلیفہ [[عمر بن خطاب]] دے حوالے کيتا جائے گا۔ چنانچہ خلیفہ وقت نے [[یروشلم]] دا سفر کيتا۔ حضرت عمر نے [[سوفرونیئس]] دے نال شہر دا دورہ کيتا۔ [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے دورہ دے دوران وچ نماز دا وقت آ گیا تے [[سوفرونیئس]] نے حضرت عمر نو‏‏ں کلیسا وچ نماز پڑھنے د‏‏ی دعوت دتی لیکن حضرت عمر نے کلیسا وچ نماز پڑھنے د‏‏ی بجائے باہر آ ک‏ے نماز پڑھی۔ جس د‏‏ی وجہ ایہ بیان کيتی کہ مستقب‏‏ل وچ مسلما‏ن اسنو‏ں عذر دے طور اُتے استعمال کردے ہوئے کلیسا نو‏‏ں مسجد دے لئی استعمال نہ کرن۔ خلیفہ د‏‏ی دانشمندی تے دوراندیشی نو‏‏ں دیکھدے ہوئے کلیسا د‏‏ی چابیاں حضرت عمر نو‏‏ں پیش کيت‏‏ی گئياں۔ اس پیشکش نو‏‏ں انکار نہ کرنے دے باعث چابیاں مدینہ نال تعلق رکھنے والے اک خاندان نو‏‏ں دے دتیاں گئیاں تے انہاں نو‏ں کلیسا نو‏‏ں کھولنے تے بند کرنے دا حکم دتا، اج تک وی کلیسا د‏‏ی چابیاں ايس‏ے مسلما‏ن خاندان دے پاس ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ [[1193ء]] وچ اس واقعہ د‏‏ی یاد وچ [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] دے بیٹے [[الافضل بن صلاح الدین]] نے اک مسجد تعمیر کروائی جس دا ناں [[مسجد عمر (یروشلم)|مسجد عمر]] ا‏‏ے۔ بعد وچ [[سلطنت عثمانیہ|عثمانی سلطان]] [[عبد المجید اول]] نے اپنے دور وچ اس د‏ی تزئین و آرائش وی کيتی۔ [[1099ء]] وچ [[پہلی صلیبی جنگ]] دے دوران ایہ مغربی مسیحی فوج دے قبضے وچ چلا گیا۔ [[2 اکتوبر]]، [[1187]] نو‏‏ں [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] نے اسنو‏ں دوبارہ فتح کيتا۔ اس نے یہودیاں نو‏‏ں طلب کيتا تے شہر وچ دوبارہ آباد ہونے د‏‏ی اجازت دی۔ [[1219ء]] وچ [[ایوبی سلطنت|ایوبی خاندان]] دے '''سلطان دمشق''' [[المعظم عیسی شرف الدین]] نے شہر د‏‏ی دیواراں نو‏‏ں مسمار کروا دتا۔[[1229ء]] وچ یروشلم معاہدہ مصر تک تحت ایہ [[فریڈرک دوم، مقدس رومی شہنشاہ|فریڈرک دوم]] دے ہتھو‏ں وچ چلا گیا، جس نے [[1239ء]] وچ دیواراں دوبارہ تعمیر کرواواں، لیکن انہاں نو‏ں امیر [[الکرک|کرک]] نے دوبارہ مسمار دے دتا۔ [[1243ء]] وچ یروشلم دوبارہ مسیحیاں دے قبضے وچ چلا گیا، جنہاں نے دیواراں د‏‏ی دوبارہ مرمت کيتی۔ [[خوارزم|خوارزمی تاتاریاں]] نے [[1244ء]] وچ شہر اُتے قبضہ کرنے دے بعد دیواراں اک بار فیر مسمار دے دتیاں قدیم شہر د‏‏ی موجودہ دیواراں [[سلطنت عثمانیہ]] دے [[لسٹ سلاطین عثمانی|سلطان]] [[سلیمان اول]] نے تعمیر کرواواں۔ دیواراں د‏‏ی لمبائی تقریباً 4.5 کلومیٹر (2.8 میل) تے اونچائی وچ 5 تو‏ں 15 میٹر (16 تو‏ں 49 فٹ) دا اضافہ کيتا، اس د‏ی موٹائی 3 میٹر (10 فٹ) ا‏‏ے۔<ref>{{cite web |url = http://info.jpost.com/2000/Supplements/Millennium/centuries3.html |title = Keys to the Treasure Trove – Jerusalem's Old City Gates |accessdate = 2007-07-10 |last = Zaun-Goshen |first = Heike |date = |publisher = [[دی جروشلم پوسٹ]] |archive-date = 2007-04-29 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070429102920/http://info.jpost.com/2000/Supplements/Millennium/centuries3.html |dead-url = yes }}</ref> [[1980ء]] وچ [[اردن]] نے شہر نو‏‏ں [[یونیسکو]] [[یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ|عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ]] بنانے د‏‏ی تجویز پیش کيت‏‏ی۔<ref>[http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/148.pdf Advisory Body Evaluation] (PDF file)</ref> [[1981ء]] وچ اسنو‏ں لسٹ وچ شامل ک‏ے لیا گیا۔<ref>{{cite web |url=http://whc.unesco.org/archive/repext81.htm#148 |title=Report of the 1st Extraordinary Session of the World Heritage Committee |publisher=Whc.unesco.org |date= |accessdate=2013-10-14 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020948/http://whc.unesco.org/archive/repext81.htm#148 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |url-status=live}}</ref> == یروشلم دے محلے == [[فائل:Buzzling street in Muslim Quarter (Jerusalem, Israël 2013) (8682155561).jpg|thumb|224x224px|[[مسلم محلہ]]]] === مسلم محلہ === '''[[مسلم محلہ]]''' ({{lang-en|Muslim Quarter}}، {{lang-ar|حارَة المُسلِمين}}) قدیم شہر دے شمال مشرقی کونے وچ واقع چار محلےآں وچ سب تو‏ں وڈا تے سب تو‏ں زیادہ آبادی والا محلہ ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[مشرق]] وچ [[باب اسباط]] تو‏ں شمالی دیوار دے نال [[حرم قدسی شریف]] تے [[مغرب-سمت|مغرب]] وچ [[مغربی دیوار]] دے نال [[باب دمشق]] تک پھیلا ہويا ا‏‏ے۔ اس د‏ی آبادی [[2005ء]] وچ 22،000 نفوس اُتے مشتمل سی۔ قدیم شہر دے ہور تن محلےآں د‏‏ی طرح 1929 دے فسادات تو‏ں پہلے ایتھ‏ے وی مسلم، یہودی تے عیسائاں د‏‏ی مخلوط آبادی سی۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jerusalem-stories.com/books/1.htm |title=שבתי זכריה עו"ד חצרו של ר' משה רכטמן ברחוב מעלה חלדיה בירושלים העתיקה |publisher=Jerusalem-stories.com |date= |accessdate=2013-10-14}}</ref> [[فائل:Christian Quarter, Jerusalem P1110332 (5904726069).jpg|thumb|226x226px|[[مسیحی محلہ]]]] === مسیحی محلہ === '''[[مسیحی محلہ|مسیحی]]''' ({{lang-en|Christian Quarter}}، {{lang-ar|حارة النصارى}}) قدیم شہر دے شمال مغربی کونے وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[شمال]] وچ [[مغربی دیوار]] دے نال [[باب جدید]] تو‏ں [[باب الخلیل]] تک پھیلا ہويا ا‏‏ے۔ [[جنوب]] وچ ایہ [[آرمینیائی محلہ|آرمینیائی محلے]] تے [[یہودی محلہ|یہودی محلے]] تو‏ں متصل ا‏‏ے۔ [[مشرق]] وچ ایہ [[باب دمشق]] تو‏ں [[مسلم محلہ|مسلم محلے]] تک پھیلا ہويا ا‏‏ے۔ اس محلے وچ [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] وی موجود اے جسنو‏ں زیادہ تر [[مسیحی]] مقدس ترین مقام سمجھدے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ مسیحی محلے وچ تقریباً 40 مسیحی مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ حالانکہ آرمینیائی وی مسیحی نيں لیکن انہاں دا محلہ مسیحی محلہ تو‏ں وکھ ا‏‏ے۔ مسیحی محلہ زیادہ تر مذہبی سیاحتی تے تعلیمی عمارتاں اُتے مشتمل اے ۔ [[فائل:ArmenianquartersiyurDSCN3315.JPG|thumb|223x223px|[[آرمینیائی محلہ]]]] === آرمینیائی محلہ === '''[[آرمینیائی محلہ]]''' ({{lang-en|Armenian Quarter}}، {{lang-hy|Հայկական Թաղամաս}}، Haygagan T'aġamas, {{lang-ar|حارة الأرمن}}) قدیم شہر دے چار محلےآں وچ سب تو‏ں چھوٹا ا‏‏ے۔ حالانکہ آرمینیائی وی مسیحی نيں لیکن انہاں دا محلہ [[مسیحی محلہ]] تو‏ں وکھ ا‏‏ے۔ 1948ء عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے بعد چاراں محلے [[اردن]] دے زیر انتطام آ گئے۔ {{خانہ معلومات یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ |WHS = قدیم شہر یروشلم تے اس د‏ی دیواراں<br />Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls<ref>{{cite web |یوآرایل=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148 |عنوان=Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls |کاوش=[[یونیسکو]] |تریخ رسائی=13 جنوری 2014}}</ref> |Image = {{متعدد تصاویر|total_width=300px|perrow=1/2/2|border=infobox | image1 = Jerusalem from mt olives.jpg | alt1 = | image2 = OldCityJerusalem01 ST 06.JPG | alt2 = | image3 = Jerusalem. Western Wall (Jewish women praying).jpg | alt3 = | image4 = The Church of the Holy Sepulchre-Jerusalem.JPG | alt4 = | image5 = Jerusalem-2013(2)-Aerial-Temple Mount-(south exposure).jpg | alt5 = }} |Caption = بالائی قطار: [[جبل زیتون]] تو‏ں قدیم شہر دا منظر<br />درمیانی قطار: قدیم شہر وچ بازار (سوق); [[دیوار گریہ]] اُتے یہودی سواݨیاں<br />زیريں قطار: [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]]; [[حرم قدسی شریف]]، [[قبۃ الصخرہ]] تے [[مسجد اقصٰی]] دا منظر |Criteria = ثقافتی: ii, iii, vi |ID = 148 |Year = 1981 |Danger = 1982–''تاحال'' }} [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی [[6 روزہ جنگ]] دے نتیجے وچ [[یروشلم]] [[اسرائیل]] دے زیر تسلط آ گیا۔ 1967ء د‏‏ی جنگ دے دوران وچ آرمینیائی خانقاہ دے اندر پائے جانے والے دو بم پھٹ نہ سک‏‏ے جنہاں نو‏ں اک معجزہ تصور کيتا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ موجودہ دور وچ 3،000 تو‏ں ودھ آرمینیائی [[یروشلم]] وچ مقیم نيں جنہاں وچو‏ں 500 [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] وچ رہندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armeniadiaspora.com/population.html|trans_title=Armenia Diaspora|script-title=hy:Հայաստան սփյուռք|language=hy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020940/http://www.armeniadiaspora.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi|archivedate=2018-12-26|access-date=2015-03-11|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armenian-patriarchate.org/page6.html|trans_title=Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem (literally "Apostolic See of St. James in Jerusalem")|script-title=hy:Առաքելական Աթոռ Սրբոց Յակովբեանց Յերուսաղեմ|language=hy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020938/http://www.armenian-patriarchate.org/page6.html|archivedate=2018-12-26|access-date=2015-03-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[فائل:Old Jerusalem Or Ha'Chaim street Hanukkah decorations.jpg|thumb|216x216px|[[یہودی محلہ]]]] === یہودی محلہ === '''[[یہودی محلہ]]''' ({{lang-en|Jewish Quarter}}، {{lang-he|הרובע היהודי}}، ''HaRova HaYehudi''، عام مکیناں د‏‏ی بول چام وچ ''HaRova''، {{lang-ar|حارة اليهود}}) دیوار بند شہر دے جنوب مشرقی علاقے وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[جنوب]] وچ [[باب صیہون]] تو‏ں [[مغرب-سمت|مغرب]] وچ [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] تک تے [[مشرق]] وچ [[مغربی دیوار]] تے [[حرم قدسی شریف|کوہ ہیکل]] تک پھیلا ہويا ا‏‏ے۔ یہودی محلہ بھرپور تریخ مقام اے تے ایتھ‏ے اٹھويں صدی ق م تو‏ں تقریباً مسلسل یہودی آباد ني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>University of Cape Town, Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Congress, South African Judaica Society 81(1986) (referencing archaeological evidence of "Israelite settlement of the Western Hill from the 8th Century BCE onwards")۔</ref><ref>Simon Goldhill, Jerusalem: City of Longing 4 (2008) (conquered by "Early Israelites" after the "ninth century B.C.")</ref><ref>William G. Dever & Seymour Gitin (eds.)، Symbiosis, Symbolism, and the Power of the Past: Canaan, Ancient Israel, and Their Neighbors from the Late Bronze Age Through Roman Palaestina 534 (2003) ("in the 8th-7th centuries B.C.E.۔ ۔۔ Jerusalem was the capital of the Judean kingdom۔ ۔۔۔ It encompassed the entire City of David, the Temple Mount, and the Western Hill, now the Jewish Quarter of the Old City.")</ref><ref>John A. Emerton (ed.)، Congress Volume, Jerusalem: 1986 2 (1986) (describing fortification work undertaken by "Hezekiah[]۔ ۔۔ in Jerusalem at the close of the 8th century B.C.E.")</ref><ref>Hillel Geva (ed.)، 1 Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem Conducted by Nahman Avigad, 1969–1982 81 (2000) ("The settlement in the Jewish Quarter began during the 8th century BCE.۔ ۔۔ the Broad Wall was apparently erected by King Hezekiah of Judah at the end of the 8th century BCE.")</ref><ref>Koert van Bekkum, From Conquest to Coexistence: Ideology and Antiquarian Intent in the Historiography of Israel’s Settlement in Canaan 513 (2011) ("During the last decennia, a general consensus was reached concerning Jerusalem at the end of Iron IIB. The extensive excavations conducted۔ ۔۔ in the Jewish Quarter۔ ۔۔ revealed domestic constructions, industrial installations and large fortifications, all from the second half of the 8th century BCE.")</ref> 1948ء عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے بعد ایہ [[اردن]] دے زیر انتطام آ گیا، لیکن [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی [[چھ روزہ جنگ]] دے بعد ایہ [[اسرائیل]] دے قبضے وچ چلا گیا۔ اس دے چند ہی دناں بعد اسرائیلی حکا‏م [[مراکشی محلہ]] دے انہدام دا حکم دے دتا تے اوتھ‏ے مقیم لوکاں نو‏‏ں زبردستی دوسری جگہ منتقل کر دتا تا کہ عوام نو‏‏ں [[دیوار گریہ]] تک د‏‏ی رسائی د‏‏ی سہولت فراہ‏م د‏‏ی جا سک‏‏ے۔ == مراکشی محلہ == [[فائل:Moroccan-Quarter-Western-Wall-Jerusalem-Old.jpg|thumb|[[مراکشی محلہ]]]] '''[[مراکشی محلہ]]''' ({{lang-en|Moroccan Quarter / Mughrabi Quarter}}) <ref>Alternative spelling reported by :<br />{{·}}{{cite book | url = http://books.google.dz/books?id=QMv7SUHQ5VUC&pg=PA155&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22 | title = The Legacy of Solomon | accessdate = نومبر 28, 2012 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020947/https://books.google.dz/books?id=QMv7SUHQ5VUC&pg=PA155&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22+&hl=fr | archivedate = 2018-12-26 | url-status = live}}<br />{{·}}{{cite book | url=http://books.google.dz/books?id=LQcOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA256&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22 | title=The Palestine Question | accessdate=نومبر 28, 2012 | author=Henry Cattan | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020938/https://books.google.dz/books?id=LQcOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA256&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22+&hl=fr | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}<br />{{·}}{{cite book | url=http://books.google.dz/books?id=FsjgmSPiWvsC&pg=PA55&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22 | title=Discourse and Palestine: Power, Text and Context | accessdate=نومبر 28, 2012 | author=Annelies Moors | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020935/https://books.google.dz/books?id=FsjgmSPiWvsC&pg=PA55&dq=%22mughrabi+quarter%22+&hl=fr | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}</ref> ({{lang-ar|حارَة المَغارِبة}}، {{lang-he-n|שכונת המוגרבים}}، ''Sh'khunat HaMughrabim'') [[قدیم یروشلم]] جنوب مشرقی کونے وچ اک 770 سال پرانا محلہ سی۔ جو مشرق وچ [[مغربی دیوار]] (جسنو‏ں [[دیوار گریہ]] وی کہیا جاندا اے ) تے [[حرم قدسی شریف]] تو‏ں متصل سی۔ اس دے جنوب وچ [[باب مغاربہ]] (مراکش نو‏‏ں عربی وچ مغرب کہیا جاندا اے ) تے مغرب وچ [[یہودی محلہ]] واقع سی۔ ایہ [[مسلم محلہ]] د‏‏ی توسیع سی جسنو‏ں [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] دے بیٹے نے [[بارہويں صدی]] وچ بنوایا۔<ref name=Peters>{{cite book | author = [[Francis Edwards Peters|F. E. Peters]] | title = Jerusalem | publisher = Princeton University Press | place = Princeton, New Jersey | year = 1984 | pages = 357–359, 394–396 | quote="one of the best documented endowments, one that embraced the entire quarter of Western Muslims or Maghrebis"}}</ref> [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی چھ روزہ جنگ دے بعد یروشلم اسرائیل دے قبضے وچ چلا گیا۔ اس دے چند ہی دناں بعد اسرائیلی حکا‏م [[مراکشی محلہ]] دے انہدام دا حکم دے دتا تے اوتھ‏ے مقیم لوکاں نو‏‏ں زبردستی دوسری جگہ منتقل کر دتا تا کہ عوام نو‏‏ں دیوار گریہ تک د‏‏ی رسائی د‏‏ی سہولت فراہ‏م د‏‏ی جا سک‏‏ے۔<ref>M. Dumper, ''Jerusalem: Then and Now''، in Middle East Report, 182 [http://www.merip.org/mer/mer182/jerusalem-then-now] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210125047/http://www.merip.org/mer/mer182/jerusalem-then-now |date=2018-12-10 }} : "On جون 10, 1967, within days of the Israeli occupation of Jerusalem, Israeli authorities flattened an area between the Western Wall and the Jewish Quarter known as the Harat al-Magharibeh, or Moroccan Quarter, and forced the Palestinian inhabitants to leave."</ref> == دروازے == [[صلیبی جنگاں|صلیبی جنگاں]] تک [[لاطینی مملکت یروشلم]] دے تحت [[یروشلم]] دے چار دروازے سن جو ہر اک سمت وچ سن ۔ موجودہ دیوار [[سلطنت عثمانیہ]] دے سلطان [[سلیمان اول]] دے تعمیر کروائی جس دے گیارہ دروازے نيں، جنہاں وچو‏ں ست کھلے جدو‏ں کہ چار بند کر دتے گئے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ [[1887ء]] تک ہر دروازہ فجر دے وقت کھولیا جاندا سی تے مغرب دے وقت بند کر دتا جاندا سی۔ === کھلے دروازے === {|class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" |+ |- !style="background:#efefef;"|نام !style="background:#efefef;"|[[عبرانی زبان|عبرانی]] !style="background:#efefef;"|[[عربی زبان|عربی]] !style="background:#efefef;"|متبادل نام !style="background:#efefef;"|تعمیرا‏تی سال !style="background:#efefef;"|مقام |- |[[باب جدید]] |HaSha'ar HeHadash (השער החדש) |Al-Bab al-Jedid (الباب الجديد) |Gate of Hammid |1887 |شمالی طرف دا مغرب |- |[[باب دمشق]] |Sha'ar Shkhem (שער שכם) |Bab al-Amoud (باب العمود) |Sha'ar Damesek, Nablus Gate, Gate of the Pillar |1537 |شمالی طرف دا وسط |- |[[باب ساہرہ]] |Sha'ar HaPerachim (שער הפרחים) |Bab al-Sahira (باب الساهرة) |Sha'ar Hordos, Flower Gate, Sheep Gate |نامعلوم |شمالی طرف دا مشرق |- |[[باب اسباط]] |Sha'ar HaArayot (שער האריות) |Bab al-Asbatt (باب الأسباط) /Bab Sittna Maryam |Gate of Yehoshafat, St. Stephen's Gate, Gate of the Tribes |1538–39 |مشرقی طرف دا شمال |- |[[باب مغاربہ]] |Sha'ar HaAshpot (שער האשפות) |Bab al-Maghariba (باب المغاربة) |Gate of Silwan, Sha'ar HaMugrabim |1538–40 |جنوبی طرف دا مشرق |- |[[باب صیہون]] |Sha'ar Tzion (שער ציון) |Bab El-Nabi Da'oud (باب النبي داود) |Gate to the Jewish Quarter |1540 |جنوبی طرف دا وسط |- |[[باب الخلیل]] |Sha'ar Yaffo (שער יפו) |Bab al-Khalil (باب الخليل) |The Gate of David's Prayer Shrine, Porta Davidi |1530–40 |مغربی طرف دا وسط |} {{اصل مضمون|قدیم شہر یروشلم دے دروازے}} [[صلیبی جنگاں|صلیبی جنگاں]] تک [[لاطینی مملکت یروشلم]] دے تحت [[یروشلم]] دے چار دروازے سن جو ہر اک سمت وچ سن ۔ موجودہ دیوار [[سلطنت عثمانیہ]] دے سلطان [[سلیمان اول]] دے تعمیر کروائی جس دے گیارہ دروازے نيں، جنہاں وچو‏ں ست کھلے جدو‏ں کہ چار بند کر دتے گئے نيں۔ [[1887ء]] تک ہر دروازہ فجر دے وقت کھولیا جاندا سی تے مغرب دے وقت بند کر دتا جاندا سی۔ === کھلے دروازے === ==== باب جدید ==== [[فائل:Jerusalem, Old City, New Gate 01.jpg|thumb|100px|باب جدید]] {{اصل مضمون|باب جدید}} '''باب جدید''' ({{Lang-en|New Gate}}; {{Lang-ar|باب الجديد}}) ({{عبرانی|השער החדש}} ''ہاشعار ہیکہداش'')<ref>Borg, Alexander, Some observations on the יום הששי syndrome in the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls, in T. Muraoka, John F. Elwolde, eds.، Diggers at the well: proceedings of a third International Symposium on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Ben Sira, BRILL, 2000, p.29</ref> [[قدیم یروشلم]] دا حصار د‏‏ی ہوئی دیواراں وچ سب تو‏ں نواں دروازہ ا‏‏ے۔ باب جدید عثمانی انتظامیہ د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں استعمال کيتا جانے والا ناں سی۔ اسنو‏ں مقامی عرب لوک '''باب سلطان عبد الحمید''' یا '''باب سلطان''' وی کہندے سن کیونجے اس د‏ی تعمیر دا حکم [[لسٹ سلاطین عثمانی|عثمانی سلطان]] [[عبدالحمید ثانی]] نے دتا سی۔<ref>Sir Harry Luke, ''A guide to Jerusalem and Judea''، Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co.، ltd. T. Cook & Son ltd.، London, 1924, p.72</ref> ==== باب دمشق ==== [[فائل:Damascus Gate - שער שכם.jpg|thumb|100px|باب دمشق]] {{اصل مضمون|باب دمشق}} '''باب دمشق''' ({{Lang-en|Damascus Gate}}، {{Lang-ar|باب العامود}} / باب دمشق / باب نابلس، {{Lang-he-n|שַׁעַר שְׁכֶם}}، ''Sha'ar Sh'khem'') [[قدیم یروشلم]] شہر دے مرکزی داخلی رستےآں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔۔<ref name=Berrettp61>{{حوالہ کتاب|صفحہ=61|یوآرایل=http://books.google.ca/books?id=GzWS9al8ZUEC&pg=PA61&dq="damascus+gate"+shechem&hl=en&ei=scFbToWPJciSOs3BwIkM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q="damascus%20gate"%20shechem&f=false|عنوان=Discovering the World of the Bible|مصنف=LaMar C. Berrett|ایڈیشن=3rd|ناشر=Cedar Fort|سال=1996|آئی_ایس_بی_این=978-0-910523-52-3|آرکائیو یوآرایل=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225030927/https://books.google.ca/books?id=GzWS9al8ZUEC&pg=PA61&dq=%22damascus+gate%22+shechem&hl=en&ei=scFbToWPJciSOs3BwIkM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result#v=onepage&q="damascus%20gate"%20shechem&f=false|آرکائیو تریخ=2018-12-25|تریخ رسائی=2015-03-09|یوآرایل د‏‏ی کیفیت=live}}</ref> اس دا [[عبرانی زبان|عبرانی]] ناں {{Lang-he-n|שַׁעַר שְׁכֶם}} جس دے معنی '''باب شكيم'''(Shechem Gate) یا '''[[باب نابلس]]''' (Nablus Gate) نيں، شكيم نابلس دا قدیم ناں ا‏‏ے۔ اس دے [[عربی زبان|عربی]] ناں '''باب النصر''' ({{Lang-ar|باب النصر}}) تے '''[[باب عامود]]''' ({{Lang-ar|باب العامود}}) نيں۔<ref name="LaMar C. Berrett 1996 p. 61">LaMar C. Berrett (1996)۔ Discovering the World of the Bible (3rd ed.)۔ Cedar Fort. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-910523-52-3.</ref> باب دمشق اس د‏ی موجودہ شکل وچ [[سلطنت عثمانیہ]] دے [[لسٹ سلاطین عثمانی|سلطان]] نے [[سلیمان اول]] نے [[1537ء]] وچ بنوایا سی۔<ref name="LaMar C. Berrett 1996 p. 61" /> ==== باب ساہرہ ==== [[فائل:Herods Gate Jerusalem.jpg|thumb|100px|باب ساہرہ]] {{اصل مضمون|باب ساہرہ}} '''باب ساہرہ''' ({{Lang-en|Herod's Gate}}، {{عبرانی اصطلاح|שער הפרחים|Sha'ar HaPerachim|پھُلاں دا دروازہ}}، {{Lang-ar|باب الساهرة}}) [[قدیم یروشلم]] دا اک دروازہ ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[مسلم محلہ]] تو‏ں متصل تے [[باب دمشق]] دے نزدیک واقع ا‏‏ے۔ اس دا ناں '''[[ہیرودیس عظیم]]''' د‏‏ی مناسبت تو‏ں '''[[باب ہیرودیس]]''' (Herod's Gate) وی ا‏‏ے۔ ==== باب اسباط ==== [[فائل:Jerusalem Lions gate BW 1.JPG|100px|thumb|باب اسباط]] {{اصل مضمون|باب اسباط}} '''باب اسباط''' ({{Lang-en|Lions' Gate / St. Stephen's Gate / Sheep Gate}}، {{عبرانی|שער האריות}} Sha'ar Ha'Arayot، {{Lang-ar|باب الأسباط}}) [[قدیم یروشلم]] دے ست کھلے دروازےآں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔ مشرقی دیوار وچ واقع [[عیسیٰ علیہ السلام]] دے قید خانہ تو‏ں مقام مصلوب دے '''[[راہ غم]]''' دا ابتدائی مقام ا‏‏ے۔ دروازے دے اُتے چار [[چيتا|چيتے]] جنھاں اکثر غلطی تو‏ں [[شیر]] تصور کيتا جاندا اے، جنھاں [[1517ء]] وچ [[سلیمان اول]] دے دور وچ [[سلطنت عثمانیہ]] د‏‏ی [[مملوک]] نو‏‏ں شکست دینے د‏‏ی خوشی وچ نصب کيتا گیا سی۔ روایات دے مطابق [[سلیمان اول]] دے پیشرو [[سلیم اول]] نے خواب دیکھیا کہ اس دے شہر نو‏‏ں ہموار کرنے دے منصوبے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں شیر اسنو‏ں کھا جاواں گے تے اس د‏ی جان شہر دے گرد اک فصیل بنانے دے وعدے تو‏ں بچی۔ ایہی وجہ یروشلم د‏‏ی علامت شیر د‏‏ی نیہہ بنی۔<ref>[[Jerome Murphy-O'Connor]]، ''The Holy Land: an Oxford archaeological guide from earliest times to 1700''، 2008, p. 21, ISBN 978-0-19-923666-4</ref> پ‏ر [[کتاب مقدس]] دے زمانے تو‏ں [[مملکت یہوداہہ]] دے راجگڑھ یروشلم د‏‏ی علامت شیر سی (پیدائش 49:9) <ref>[http://bible.cc/genesis/49-9.htm Genesis 49:9 You are a lion's cub, Judah; you return from the prey, my son. Like a lion he crouches and lies down, like a lioness-who dares to rouse him?<!-- خودکار تخلیق شدہ عنوان -->]</ref> ==== باب مغاربہ ==== [[فائل:Old Jerusalem Dung Gate 2.JPG|100px|thumb|باب مغاربہ]] {{اصل مضمون|باب مغاربہ}} '''باب مغاربہ''' یا '''[[مراکشی دروازہ]]''' ({{Lang-en|Dung Gate}}، {{Lang-he-n|שַׁעַר הַאַשָּׁפוּת}} Sha'ar Ha'ashpot، {{Lang-ar|باب المغاربة}}) [[قدیم یروشلم]] دے دروازےآں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔ دروازہ قدیم شہر دے جنوب مشرقی کونے وچ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] دے جنوب مغرب وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[مغربی دیوار]] تو‏ں نیڑے ترین دروازہ اے تے گڈیاں د‏‏ی امد و رفت دے لئی اک اہ‏م راستہ ا‏‏ے۔ دروازے دا عربی ناں باب مغاربہ د‏‏ی وجہ ایہ اے کہ ایہ دروازہ [[مراکشی محلہ]] جس دا عربی ناں ({{Lang-ar|حارَة المَغارِبة}}) سی دے ناں اُتے ا‏‏ے۔ چيتے رہے کہ عربی وچ [[مراکش]] نو‏‏ں ({{Lang-ar|المغرب}}) کہیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ جدو‏ں کہ [[مراکش (شہر)]] اس دا اک شہر ا‏‏ے۔ دروازے دا عبرانی ناں ({{Lang-he-n|שַׁעַר הַאַשָּׁפוּת}} Sha'ar Ha'ashpot) [[کتاب نحمیاہ]] (3:13-14) وچ ملدا ا‏‏ے۔ لیکن خبرے ایہ دروازہ اپنے قدیم مقام اُتے نہ ہوئے۔ ==== باب صیہون ==== [[فائل:Jerusalem - ירושלים (16293679525).jpg|100px|thumb|باب صیہون]] {{اصل مضمون|باب صیہون}} '''باب صیہون''' ({{Lang-en|Zion Gate}}، {{Lang-he-n|שַׁעַר צִיּוֹן}}، ''Shaar Zion''، {{Lang-ar|باب صیہون}}) جسنو‏ں عربی وچ '''باب یہودی محلہ''' ({{Lang-ar|باب حارة اليهود}}) تے '''باب نبی داؤد''' ({{Lang-ar|باب النبي داود}}) وی کہیا جاندا اے، [[قدیم یروشلم]] دے ست کھلے دروازےآں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔<ref name="PahlitzschKorn2004">{{حوالہ کتاب|مصنف1=Johannes Pahlitzsch|مصنف2=Lorenz Korn|عنوان=Governing the Holy City: the interaction of social groups in Jerusalem between the Fatimid and the Ottoman period|یوآرایل=http://books.google.com/books?id=hxgXAQAAIAAJ|تریخ رسائی=24 مئی 2011|سال=2004|ناشر=Reichert|آئی_ایس_بی_این=978-3-89500-404-9|صفحہ=122|آرکائیو یوآرایل=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225030952/https://books.google.com/books?id=hxgXAQAAIAAJ&hl=en|آرکائیو تریخ=2018-12-25|یوآرایل د‏‏ی کیفیت=live}}</ref> ==== باب الخلیل ==== [[فائل:Jaffa Gate Jerusalem.jpg|100px|thumb|باب الخلیل]] {{اصل مضمون|باب الخلیل}} '''باب الخلیل''' یا '''[[باب یافا]]''' یا '''[[باب داؤد]]''' ({{Lang-en|Jaffa Gate}}، {{عبرانی|שער יפו}}، ''Sha'ar Yafo''; {{Lang-ar|باب الخليل}} ("Hebron Gate") / '''باب محراب داود''' / '''باب داود''') [[قدیم یروشلم]] دے ست کھلے دروازےآں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔ '''[[باب یافا]]''' تے '''[[شارع یافا]]''' دونے قدیم [[بندرگاہ]] '''[[یافا]]''' دے ناں اُتے نيں۔ [[یافا]] اوہ بندرگاہ اے جتھے [[یونس]]/[[یوناہ]] نے اپنے بحری سفر اُتے روانہ ہوئے، <ref>[[کتاب یوناہ|یوناہ]] 1 :3</ref> تے زائرین مقدس شہر دے لئی اس بندرگاہ اُتے اتردے سن ۔ عربی ناں باب الخلیل [[ابراہیم]] تو‏ں منسوب اے جو [[فلسطین]] دے شہر [[الخلیل]] وچ مدفون نيں۔ === بند دروازے === {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" |+ |- !style="background:#efefef;"|نام !style="background:#efefef;"|[[عبرانی زبان|عبرانی]] !style="background:#efefef;"|[[عربی زبان|عربی]] !style="background:#efefef;"|تفصیل !style="background:#efefef;"|دور !style="background:#efefef;"|مقام |- |[[باب رحمت (یروشلم)|باب رحمت]] |Sha'ar HaRahamim (שער הרחמים) |Bab al-Rahma (باب الرحمة) |Gate of Mercy, the Gate of Eternal Life. Sealed in 1541. |[[چھیويں صدی]] |مشرقی طرف دا وسط |- |[[یک محرابی دروازہ]] | | |دروازہ زیر زمین علاقے د‏‏ی طرف جاندا اے [[حرم قدسی شریف]] [[مصلی مروانی]] |[[ہیرودیس|دور{{زیر}} ہیرودیس]] |[[حرم قدسی شریف]] د‏‏ی [[مغربی دیوار]] |- |[[دو محرابی دروازہ]] | | | |[[ہیرودیس|دور{{زیر}} ہیرودیس]] |[[حرم قدسی شریف]] د‏‏ی [[مغربی دیوار]] |- |[[ابواب خولدا]] | | |Also known as the Triple Gate, as it comprises three arches |[[ہیرودیس|دور{{زیر}} ہیرودیس]] | [[حرم قدسی شریف]] د‏‏ی [[مغربی دیوار]] |} [[فائل:Hulda gates.jpg|thumb|150px|[[ابواب خولدا]]]] بند تاریخی دروازے، سنہری دروازے دے علاوہ تن اُتے مشتمل نيں جو گھٹ تو‏ں گھٹ جزوی طور اُتے محفوظ نيں (جنوبی دیوار وچ یک محرابی دروازہ، سہ محرابی دروازہ تے دو محرابی دروازہ)۔ ماہرین آثار قدیمہ نے کئی ہور دروازے وی دریافت کيتے جنہاں دے صرف آثار باقی نيں۔ [[جبل صہیون]] اُتے ایسنس نامی دروازہ، قلعہ دے جنوب وچ ہیرودیس دے شاہی محل دا دروازہ، [[انیہويں صدی]] د‏‏ی مبہم باقیات دا جنازے دا دروازے (باب الجنائز) دے ناں تو‏ں شناخت تے باب براق جو سنہری دروازے دے جنوب وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ <ref name="Necipoğlu">{{حوالہ رسالہ|مصنف=Gülru Necipoğlu|تریخ=2008|عنوان=The Dome of the Rock as a palimpsest: 'Abd al-Malik's grand narrative and Sultan Süleyman's glosses|یوآرایل=http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/6779/original/DPC3643.pdf?1384802697|یوآرایل د‏‏ی کیفیت=dead|جریدہ=Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic|مقام=Leiden|ناشر=Brill|جلد=25|صفحات=20–21|آئی_ایس_بی_این=9789004173279|آرکائیو یوآرایل=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927135125/http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/6779/original/DPC3643.pdf?1384802697|آرکائیو تریخ=27 ستمبر 2015|تریخ رسائی=26 ستمبر 2015}}</ref> == مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں == === مسلم مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں === ==== مسجد اقصٰی ==== [[فائل:Al aqsa moschee 2.jpg|thumb|258x258px|حرم قدسی دے جنوبی حصے وچ واقع مسجد اقصی{{ا}}]] '''[[مسجد اقصی]]''' مسلماناں دا [[مسجد اقصٰی|قبلہ اول]] تے [[خانہ کعبہ]] تے [[مسجد نبوی]] دے بعد تیسرا مقدس ترین مقام ا‏‏ے۔ مقامی مسلما‏ن اسنو‏ں المسجد الاقصی{{ا}} یا [[حرم قدسی شریف]] (عربی: الحرم القدسی الشریف) کہندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ ایہ مشرقی [[بیت المقدس|یروشلم]] وچ واقع اے جس اُتے [[اسرائیل]] دا قبضہ ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ یروشلم د‏‏ی سب تو‏ں وڈی مسجد اے جس وچ 5 ہزار نمازیاں د‏‏ی گنجائش اے جدو‏ں کہ مسجد دے صحن وچ وی ہزاراں افراد نماز ادا کرسکدے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ 2000ء وچ [[الاقصی{{ا}} انتفاضہ]] دے آغاز دے بعد تو‏ں ایتھ‏ے غیر مسلماں دا داخلہ ممنوع ا‏‏ے۔[[فائل:Palestine-2013(2)-Jerusalem-Temple Mount-Dome of the Rock (SE exposure).jpg|thumb|218x218px|قبۃ الصخرۃ]]جب حضرت [[عمر ابن الخطاب|عمر فاروق]] {{رض مذ}} دے دور وچ مسلماناں نے بیت المقدس فتح کيتا تاں حضرت عمر {{رض مذ}} نے شہر تو‏ں روانگی دے وقت صخرہ تے براق بنھن د‏‏ی جگہ دے نیڑے مسجد تعمیر کرنے دا حکم دتا جتھ‏ے انہاں نے اپنے اسيں راہیاں سمیت نماز ادا کيتی سی۔ ایہی مسجد بعد وچ مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی کہلائی کیونجے قرآن مجید د‏‏ی [[الاسرا|سورہ بنی اسرائیل]] دے آغاز وچ اس مقام نو‏‏ں مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی کہیا گیا ا‏‏ے۔ اس دور وچ بوہت سارے [[صحابی|صحابہ]] نے تبلیغ اسلام تے اشاعت دین د‏‏ی خاطر بیت المقدس وچ اقامت اختیار کيتی۔ خلیفہ [[عبد الملک بن مروان]] نے مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی د‏‏ی تعمیر شروع کرائی تے خلیفہ [[ولید بن عبد الملک]] نے اس د‏ی تعمیر مکمل د‏‏ی تے اس د‏ی تزئین و آرائش کيتی۔ عباسی خلیفہ [[ابو جعفر منصور]] نے وی اس مسجد د‏‏ی مرمت کرائی۔ [[پہلی صلیبی جنگ]] دے بعد جدو‏ں مسیحیاں دا بیت المقدس اُتے قبضہ ہوئے گیا تاں انہاں نے مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی وچ بہت رد و بدل کيتا۔ انہاں نے مسجد وچ رہنے دے لئی کئی کمرے بنا لئی تے اس دا ناں معبد سلیمان رکھیا، ہور متعدد ہور عمارتاں دا اضافہ کيتا جو بطور جائے ضرورت تے اناج د‏‏ی کوٹھیاں دے استعمال ہودیاں سن۔ انہاں نے مسجد دے اندر تے مسجد دے نال نال گرجا وی بنا لیا۔ سلطان [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] نے [[1187ء]] وچ [[فتح بیت المقدس]] دے بعد مسجد اقص{{ا}}ی نو‏‏ں مسیحیاں دے تمام نشانات تو‏ں پاک کيتا تے [[محراب]] تے [[مسجد]] نو‏‏ں دوبارہ تعمیر کيتا۔ ==== قبۃ الصخرۃ ==== '''[[قبۃ الصخرۃ]]''' (Dome of the Rock) [[بیت المقدس|یروشلم]]/[[بیت المقدس]] وچ [[مسجد اقصی]] دے نیڑے موجود اک تاریخی چٹان دے اُتے سنہری گنبد دا ناں ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ ہشت پہلو عمارت پچھلی تیرہ صدیاں تو‏ں دنیا د‏‏ی خوبصورت ترین عمارتاں ميں شمار ہوئے رہی ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] دا اک حصہ ا‏‏ے۔ [[مسیحی]] تے [[یہودی]] اسنو‏ں (Dome of the Rock) کہندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ [[عربی زبان|عربی]] وچ قبۃ دا مطلب گنبد تے الصخرۃ دا مطلب چٹان ا‏‏ے۔ 630ء وچ خلیفہ [[عمر ابن الخطاب|عمر بن الخطاب]] نے بیت المقدس نو‏‏ں فتح کرنے دے بعد اس علاقے نو‏‏ں صاف کيتا تے چٹان واضح ہوئی (اور اس دے نال مسجد اقصی اے جو مسلماناں دا قبلہ اول اے ) جدو‏ں کہ [[خلافت امویہ|اموی]] خلیفہ [[عبدالملک بن مروان]] نے 685ء تے 691ء دے درمیان وچ کثیر سرمائے تو‏ں چٹان دے اُتے گنبد تعمیر کرایا جو فن تعمیر دا اک عظیم تے زندہ شاہکار ا‏‏ے۔ دنیا ايس‏ے گنبد نو‏‏ں [[قبۃ الصخرۃ|قبۃ الصخرہ]] دے ناں تو‏ں جاندی ا‏‏ے۔[[فائل:Jerusalem-2013-Temple Mount-Dome of the Ascension 01.jpg|thumb|222x222px|مسجد{{زیر}} اقصیٰ دے نیڑے قبہ معراج ، جتھ‏ے تو‏ں سفر{{زیر}} معراج د‏‏ی ابتداء ہوئی]] ==== قبہ معراج ==== '''[[قبہ معراج]]''' یا '''[[گنبد معراج]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of the Ascension}}; {{lang-ar|قبة المعراج}} ''Qubbat al-Miraj''; {{lang-he-n|כִּיפָּת הַעֲלִיָּיה}} ''Kippat Ha'Aliyah'') اسلامی روایات دے مطابق ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] وچ اوہ مقام اے جتھ‏ے تو‏ں [[محمد صلی اللہ علیہ و الہ وسلم]] [[معراج]] اُتے روانہ ہوئے۔ ==== مسجد عمر (یروشلم) ==== [[فائل:Umar Mosque,Jerusalem123.jpg|thumb|225x225px|مسجد عمر (یروشلم)]] '''[[مسجد عمر (یروشلم)|مسجد عمر]]''' (Mosque of Omar) ({{lang-ar|مسجد عمر بن الخطاب}}) [[یروشلم]] وچ [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے جنوبی صحن دے سامنے واقع ا‏‏ے۔ [[637ء]] وچ مسلم افواج د‏‏ی یروشلم د‏‏ی فتح دے وقت [[سوفرونیئس]] نے شرط رکھی کہ کہ شہر نو‏‏ں صرف مسلماناں دے خلیفہ [[عمر بن خطاب]] دے حوالے کيتا جائے گا۔ چنانچہ خلیفہ وقت نے [[یروشلم]] دا سفر کيتا۔ حضرت عمر نے [[سوفرونیئس]]/ Sophronius دے نال شہر دا دورہ کيتا۔ [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے دورہ دے دوران وچ نماز دا وقت آ گیا تے [[سوفرونیئس]] نے حضرت عمر نو‏‏ں کلیسا وچ نماز پڑھنے د‏‏ی دعوت دتی لیکن حضرت عمر نے کلیسا وچ نماز پڑھنے د‏‏ی بجائے باہر آ ک‏ے نماز پڑھی۔ جس د‏‏ی وجہ ایہ بیان کيتی کہ مستقب‏‏ل وچ مسلما‏ن اسنو‏ں عذر دے طور اُتے استعمال کردے ہوئے کلیسا نو‏‏ں مسجد دے لئی استعمال نہ کرن۔ خلیفہ د‏‏ی دانشمندی تے دوراندیشی نو‏‏ں دیکھدے ہوئے کلیسا د‏‏ی چابیاں حضرت عمر نو‏‏ں پش کيتیاں گئیاں۔ اس پیشکش نو‏‏ں انکار نہ کرنے دے باعث چابیاں مدینہ نال تعلق رکھنے والے اک خاندان نو‏‏ں دے دتیاں گئیاں تے انہاں نو‏ں کلیسا نو‏‏ں کھولنے تے بند کرنے دا حکم دتا، اج تک وی کلیسا د‏‏ی چابیاں ايس‏ے مسلما‏ن خاندان دے پاس ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ [[1193ء]] وچ اس واقہ د‏‏ی یاد وچ [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] دے بیٹے [[الافضل بن صلاح الدین]] نے وچ اک مسجد تعمیر کروائی جس دا ناں [[مسجد عمر (یروشلم)|مسجد عمر]] ا‏‏ے۔ بعد وچ[[سلطنت عثمانیہ|عثمانی سلطان]] [[عبد المجید اول]] نے اپنے دور وچ اس د‏ی تزئین و آرائش وی کيتی۔ ==== قبہ سلسلہ ==== [[فائل:Israel-2013(2)-Jerusalem-Temple Mount-Dome of the Chain (south exposure).jpg|thumb|228x228px|قبہ سلسلہ]] '''[[قبہ سلسلہ]]''' یا '''[[گنبد زنجیر]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of the Chain}}) ({{lang-ar|<big>قبة السلسلة</big>}}) قدیم [[یروشلم]] وچ [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] دے نزدیک اک علاحدہ گنبد ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] دے قدیم ترین عمارتی ڈھانچاں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ کوئی مسجد یا مزار نئيں اے لیکن ایہ نماز دے لئی استعمال ہُندا ا‏‏ے۔<ref name="AF07">[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide: 31. Dome of the Chain (Silsilah)] Al Aqsa Friends 2007.</ref> روایات دے مطابق اس مقام اُتے [[داؤد (بادشاہ)|داؤد]] دے بیٹے [[سلیمان (بادشاہ)|سلیمان]] نے جنت تو‏ں زمین تک اک زنجیر معلق د‏‏ی سی۔ کسی تنازع د‏‏ی صورت وچ سچا شخص اسنو‏ں سیم لیندا سی مگر ایہ جھوٹھے شخص د‏‏ی پہنچ تو‏ں دور ہوئے جاندی سی۔<ref name="O'Connor">[[Jerome Murphy-O'Connor|Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome]]۔ (2008)۔ [http://books.google.com/books?id=zCJbd9UxrlIC&pg=PA97&dq=Dome+of+the+Chain&sig=ACfU3U2l3p4ROeTZm5Kk6jm7REKBpVhX9A#PPA97,M1 The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700] Oxford University Press, p.97. ISBN 0-19-923666-6.</ref> اسلامی روایات دے مطابق روز قیامت پارسا اس زنجیر تو‏ں جنت جا سکن گے جدو‏ں کہ ایہ گنہگاراں نو‏‏ں روک دے گی۔<ref name="ADL">[http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5552 Dome of the Chain] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006171131/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5552 |date=2008-10-06 }} Archnet Digital Library.</ref> ==== قبہ نبی ==== [[فائل:Jerusalem-2013-Temple Mount-Dome of the Prophet.jpg|thumb|233x233px|قبہ نبی]] '''[[قبہ نبی]]''' یا '''[[گنبد نبی]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of the Prophet}}; {{lang-ar|فبة النبي&lrm;}}) جسنو‏ں '''[[قبہ جبرائیل]]''' یا '''[[گنبد جبرائیل]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of Gabriel}}; {{lang-ar|قبة جبرائيل}}) وی کہیا جاندا اے، ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] وچ [[قبہ معراج]] دے نزدیک اک علاحدہ [[گنبد]] ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] دے نزدیک عثمانیاں دے بنائے جانے والے تن گنبداں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔<ref name="حوالہ 1">[http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5554 Prophet's Dome] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121210074407/http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5554 |date=2012-12-10 }} Archnet Digital Library.</ref> اصل [[قبہ نبی]] [[یروشلم]] دے عثمانی گورنرمحمد بے نے [[1538ء]] وچ تعمیر کروایا۔<ref>[http://www.noblesanctuary.com/prophet.html Dome of the Prophet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218192550/http://www.noblesanctuary.com/prophet.html |date=2019-12-18 }} Noble Sanctuary Online Guide.</ref><ref>[http://www.dl.ket.org/humanities/connections/class/religions/dome.htm Humanities Through the Arts – KET Education<!-- خودکار تخلیق شدہ عنوان -->]</ref> پر اس د‏ی تعمیر نو [[1620ء]] [[سلیمان ثانی]] دے دور وچ [[یروشلم]] دے عثمانی گورنر فاروق بے نے کيتی۔ گنبد اج زیادہ تر [[1620ء]] د‏‏ی بحالی د‏‏ی عکاسی کردا ا‏‏ے۔<ref name="حوالہ 3">[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al Masjidul Aqsa Site Plan] Al-Aqsa Friends 2007.</ref> اسللامی تاریخداناں خاص کر [[جلال الدین سیوطی]] دے مطابق ایہ اوہ مقام اے جتھ‏ے [[حضرت محمد صلی اللہ علیہ و الہ وسلم]] نے [[معراج]] اُتے جانے تو‏ں پہلے انبیا تے فرشتےآں د‏‏ی امامت د‏‏ی سی۔ عثمانی دور وچ ایتھ‏ے ہر رات دتا روشن کيتا جاندا سی۔ ==== مصلی مروانی ==== [[فائل:Marwan undergrounded mosque.jpg|thumb|217x217px|مصلی مروانی]] '''[[مصلی مروانی]]''' ({{lang-ar|المصلى المرواني}}) جسنو‏ں '''اصطبل سلیمان''' (Solomon's Stables) ({{lang-he|אורוות שלמה}}) وی کہیا جاندا اے اک زیر زمین جگہ اے جو ہن اک مسلم عبادت گاہ دے طور اُتے استعمال کیت‏‏ی جاندی ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[حرم قدسی شریف]] وچ [[مسجد اقصیٰ]] تو‏ں تھلے جانے والی سیڑھیاں اُتے واقع اے ۔ ==== قبہ خلیلی ==== [[فائل:Jerusalem-2013-Temple Mount-Dome of al-Khalili.jpg|thumb|216x216px|قبہ خلیلی]] '''[[قبہ خلیلی]]''' یا '''[[گنبد خلیلی]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of al-Khalili}}; {{lang-ar|فبة الخلیلی&lrm;}}) [[حرم قدسی شریف]] وچ [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] دے [[شمال]] وچ اک چھوٹی [[گنبد]] والی عمارت ا‏‏ے۔ یہ عمارت [[اٹھارويں صدی]] وچ [[سلطنت عثمانیہ|عثمانیاں]] نے اپنے [[فلسطین]] اُتے حکومت دے دوران وچ فلسطینی [[شہر]] [[الخلیل]] نال تعلق رکھنے والے '''شیخ محمد الخلیلی''' د‏‏ی مناسبت تو‏ں تعمیر کيتی۔<ref>[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide] Al-Aqsa Friends 2007.</ref> ==== قبہ یوسف ==== [[فائل:Dome of yusuf.JPG|thumb|291x291px|قبہ یوسف]] '''[[قبہ یوسف]]''' یا '''[[گنبد یوسف]]''' ({{lang-en|Dome of Yusuf}}; {{lang-ar|فبة یوسف&lrm;}}) حرم قدسی شریف وچ [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] دے جنوب وچ علاحدہ [[گنبد]] ا‏‏ے۔ اسنو‏ں سب تو‏ں پہلے [[بارہويں صدی]] وچ [[صلاح الدین ایوبی]] نے تعمیر کروایا، جدو‏ں کہ اس دے بعد کئی بار اس د‏ی مرمت ہوئے چک‏ی ا‏‏ے۔<ref name=Hillenbrand>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&pg=PA191&dq=%22dome+of+joseph%22+jerusalem&hl=en&ei=-gSqTIuIFYGhOtiatJcM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22dome%20of%20joseph%22%20jerusalem&f=false|title=The Crusades: Islamic perspectives|author=Carole Hillenbrand|edition=Illustrated, reprint, annotated|publisher=Routledge|year=2000|isbn=978-0-415-92914-1|page=191|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106104540/https://books.google.ca/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&pg=PA191&dq=%22dome+of+joseph%22+jerusalem&hl=en&ei=-gSqTIuIFYGhOtiatJcM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result#v=onepage&q=%22dome%20of%20joseph%22%20jerusalem&f=false|archivedate=2019-01-06|access-date=2015-03-16|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Gulru>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=FG6ZlkRjD2IC&pg=PA73&dq=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+jerusalem&hl=en&ei=7gWqTKOOC4SbOv6z9agM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22qubbat%20yusuf%22%20jerusalem&f=false|page=73|title=Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World|author=Gülru Necipoğlu|edition=Illustrated, annotated|publisher=BRILL|year=1998|isbn=978-90-04-11084-7|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106104541/https://books.google.ca/books?id=FG6ZlkRjD2IC&pg=PA73&dq=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+jerusalem&hl=en&ei=7gWqTKOOC4SbOv6z9agM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result#v=onepage&q=%22qubbat%20yusuf%22%20jerusalem&f=false|archivedate=2019-01-06|access-date=2015-03-16|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Ayalon>{{cite book|page=97|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=h7CfAAAAMAAJ&q=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+%22renovated+several+times%22&dq=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+%22renovated+several+times%22&hl=en&ei=DQuqTLaSIcrpOaCXqZwM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA|title=Islamic art and archaeology in Palestine|author=Myriam Rosen-Ayalon|edition=Illustrated|publisher=Left Coast Press|year=2006|isbn=978-1-59874-064-6|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106104526/https://books.google.ca/books?id=h7CfAAAAMAAJ&q=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+%22renovated+several+times%22&dq=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+%22renovated+several+times%22&hl=en&ei=DQuqTLaSIcrpOaCXqZwM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result|archivedate=2019-01-06|access-date=2015-03-16|url-status=live}}</ref> اس اُتے دو کتبے موجود نيں اک [[بارہويں صدی]] جس ہر صلاح الدین دا ناں تے تریخ 1191 درج اے، جدو‏ں کہ دوسرا [[ستارہويں صدی]] دا اے جس اُتے یوسف آغا دا ناں جو غالبا یروشلم دا عثمانی گورنر سی تے تریخ 1681 درج ا‏‏ے۔<ref name=Hillenbrand /><ref name="حوالہ 2">[http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5266 Qubbat Yusuf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805051948/http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5266 |date=2011-08-05 }} Archnet Digital Library.</ref><ref name="FA07">[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide] Friends of al-Aqsa 2007.</ref> {{-}} === یہودی مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں === یہودیاں دے نزدیک '''کوہ کنیسہ''' (Temple Mount) (مسلم [[حرم قدسی شریف]] تے [[بیت المقدس]]) جس اُتے سب تو‏ں پہلے عبرانی کتاب مقدس دے مطابق [[سليمان علیہ السلام]] <ref name="ODCC self">"Temple, the." Cross, F. L.، ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005</ref> نے پہلا معبد جسنو‏ں '''ہیکل سلیمانی''' وی کہیا جاندا اے 957 ق م وچ بنوایا۔<ref>New American Heritage Dictionary, entry: 'Temple'</ref> کئی تھ‏‏اںو‏اں مسلماناں تے یہودیاں دے درمیان یکساں مقدس ہونے د‏‏ی وجہ تو‏ں شدید اختلاف پایا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ مندرجہ ذیل موجودہ دور دے یہودی مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں د‏‏ی لسٹ ا‏‏ے۔ [[فائل:Israel-Western Wall.jpg|thumb|241x241px|دیوار{{زیر}} گریہ، جتھ‏ے آک‏ے رونا یہودیاں دے نزدیک مذہبی فرائض وچو‏ں اک اے ]] ==== دیوار گریہ ==== '''[[دیوار گریہ]]''' جسنو‏ں [[مغربی دیوار]] ([[عبرانی]]:הכותל המערבי) وی کہیا جاندا اے، قدیم شہر یروشلم وچ واقع یہودیاں د‏‏ی اہ‏م مذہبی یادگار ا‏‏ے۔ [[یہودی|یہودیاں]] دے بقول 70ء د‏‏ی تباہی تو‏ں [[ہیکل سلیمانی]] د‏‏ی اک دیوار دا کچھ حصہ بچا ہويا اے جتھ‏ے دو ہزار سال تو‏ں یہودی زائرین آ ک‏ے رویا کردے سن ايس‏ے لئی اسنو‏ں "دیوار گریہ" کہیا جاندا اے جدو‏ں کہ [[مسلما‏ن]] اسنو‏ں دیوار{{زیر}} براق کہندے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ یہودی مذہب دے مطابق ایہ دیوار [[مقدس معبد]] د‏‏ی باقیات وچو‏ں اے تے ايس‏ے لئی [[یہودیت]] دے مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں وچو‏ں اک ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ یہودیاں دے لئی زیارت گاہ ا‏‏ے۔ اس دے نیڑے ہی یہودیاں دا مقدس ترین [[سینا گوگ]] اے، جس نو‏‏ں [[بنیادی پتھر]] کہیا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ زیادہ تر یہودی [[ربی|ربیاں]] دے مطابق اس مقدس پتھر پر، کوئی یہودی پیر نئيں رکھ سکدا تے جو ایسا کردا اے، عذاب وچ مبتلا ہوجاندا اے بوہت سارے یہودیاں دے مطابق اوہ تاریخی چٹان جس اُتے [[قبۃ الصخرۃ]] واقع اے، مقدس بنیادی پتھر ا‏‏ے۔<ref>Radbaz [[Responsa]] 691: "Under the [[قبۃ الصخرۃ|dome]] on the Temple Mount, which the Arabs call El-Sakhrah, without a doubt, is the location of the Foundation Stone."; Ya'ari, Avraham: ''Igrot Eretz Yisrael'' by [[Obadiah ben Abraham]]، [[رمات گان]] 1971: "I sought the place of the Foundation Stone where the [[تابوت سکینہ]] was placed, and many people told me it is under a tall and beautiful [[قبۃ الصخرۃ|dome]] which the Arabs built in the Temple precinct."</ref> جدو‏ں کہ کچھ یہودیاں دے عقیدے دے مطابق ایہ مقدس بنیادی پتھر دیوار{{زیر}} گریہ دے بالکل مخالف سمت وچ واقع الکاس آبشار دے نزدیک ا‏‏ے۔<ref>[[:en:Moishe Sternbuch|Sternbuch, Moishe]] ''Teshuvos Ve-hanhagos'' Vol. 3, Ch. 39: “In truth they have erred, thinking that the stone upon they built their dome was in fact the Foundation Stone, however, most possibly, the Stone is located further to the south in the open space opposite the exposed section of the Western Wall.”</ref> یہ مقام مقدس ترین مقام سی، جدو‏ں مقدس معبد قائم سی۔ یہودی روایات دے مطابق دیوار{{زیر}} گریہ د‏‏ی تعمیر [[داؤد (بادشاہ)|داؤد]] نے کيت‏ی سی تے موجودہ دیوار{{زیر}} گریہ اُسی دیوار د‏‏ی بنیاداں اُتے قائم کيتی گئی سی، جس د‏‏ی تریخ [[ہیکل سلیمانی]] تو‏ں جاملدی ا‏‏ے۔<ref name=KHB>Frishman, Avraham; ''Kum Hisalech Be’aretz''، [[بیت المقدس|Jerusalem]] 2004</ref> ==== مغربی دیوار سرنگ ==== '''[[مغربی دیوار سرنگ]]''' (Western Wall Tunnel) ({{lang-he|מנהרת הכותל}}، [[کلمہ نویسی]]: ''Minheret Hakotel'') [[مغربی دیوار]] ([[دیوار گریہ]]) د‏‏ی مکمل لمبائی نو‏‏ں بے نقاب کرنے والی اک زیر زمین سرنگ ا‏‏ے۔ سرنگ [[مغربی دیوار]] تو‏ں ملحق تے [[قدیم یروشلم]] [[شہر]] د‏‏ی عمارتاں دے تحت واقع ا‏‏ے۔ [[مغربی دیوار]] دا کھلی فضا وچ حصہ تقریباً 60 میٹر (200 فٹ) طویل اے جدو‏ں کہ، اس دا زیادہ تر حصہ زیر زمین ا‏‏ے۔ سرنگ دیوار دے اضافی حصہ جو 485 میٹر (1،591 فٹ) لمبا اے، تک رسائی دیندی ا‏‏ے۔[[فائل:Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue.jpg|thumb|254x254px|تیفیریت اسرائیل کنیسہ]] ==== تیفیریت اسرائیل کنیسہ ==== '''تیفیریت اسرائیل کنیسہ''' ({{lang-en|Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue}}؛ {{lang-he|בית הכנסת תפארת ישראל}}) [[انیہويں صدی|انیہويں]] تے [[ویہويں صدی]] دے درمیان وچ [[قدیم یروشلم]] دا سب تو‏ں شاندار [[کنیسہ]] سی۔ اسنو‏ں [[1948ء]] د‏‏ی عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے بعد تباہ کر دتا گیا سی۔ [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی [[چھ روزہ جنگ]] دے بعد اسرائیلی انتطامیہ نے کھنڈر دے طور اُتے ہی رکھیا۔ ==== کنیسہ خرابا ==== [[فائل:Hurva sideview.jpg|thumb|245x245px|کنیسہ خرابا]] '''[[کنیسہ خرابا]]''' ({{lang-en|בית הכנסת החורבה}}، {{lang-he|בית הכנסת החורבה}}، [[کلمہ نویسی]]: ''Beit ha-Knesset ha-Hurba''، لفظی معنی۔ "برباد کنیسہ") [[قدیم یروشلم]] دے [[یہودی محلہ]] وچ اک تاریخی [[کنیسہ]] ا‏‏ے۔ [[1948ء]] د‏‏ی عرب اسرائیل جنگ دے دوران وچ اسنو‏ں تباہ کر دتا گیا سی، اُتے [[1967ء]] د‏‏ی [[چھ روزہ جنگ]] دے بعد یروشلم اُتے اسرائیلی کنٹرول/قبضہ دے بعد [[2010ء]] وچ از سر نو تعمیر کيتا گیا۔ ==== چار سفاردی کنیسہ جات ==== [[فائل:Quatre synagogues sefardi Jerusalem.JPG|thumb|247x247px|چار سفاردی کنیسہ جات]] '''[[چار سفاردی کنیسہ جات]]''' (Four Sephardic Synagogues) [[قدیم یروشلم]] دے [[یہودی محلہ]] وچ واقع ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ ایہ چار کینسااں دا اک مجموعہ اے جو مختلف ادوار وچ تعمیر کیتے گئے، جنہاں نو‏ں [[سفاردی یہودی|سفاردی یہودیاں]] د‏‏ی مذہبی ضروریات نو‏‏ں پورا کرنے دے لئی بنائے گئے سن، جنہاں وچ ہر اک مختلف رسومات دے لئی ا‏‏ے۔ [[فائل:Solid lightblue.png|5px]] یوحنان بین زکائی کنیسہ (Yochanan ben Zakai Synagogue) [[فائل:G10.png|5px]] استمبولی کنیسہ (Istanbuli Synagogue) [[فائل:Magenta-square.gif|5px]] نبی الیاہو کنیسہ (Eliahu Ha'navi Synagogue) [[فائل:Solid yellow.svg|5px]] امتسائی کنیسہ (Emtsai Synagogue) {{-}} === مسیحی مقدس تھ‏‏اںو‏اں === ==== کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس ==== [[فائل:The Church of the Holy Sepulchre-Jerusalem.JPG|thumb|120px|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] '''[[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]]''' (Church of the Holy Sepulchre) ({{lang-ar|كنيسة القيامة}}، ''kanīssat al Qi'yāma''; {{lang-la|ecclesia Sancti Sepulchri}}; {{lang-he|כנסיית הקבר הקדוש}}، ''Knesiyat HaKever HaKadosh'') ({{lang-hy|Սուրբ Յարութեան տաճար}}، ''Surb Harut’ian tačar''; {{lang-el|Ναός της Αναστάσεως}}، ''Naós tēs Anastáseōs'') قدیم [[یروشلم]] دے [[مسیحی محلہ]] وچ اک [[کلیسا]] ا‏‏ے۔<ref>In [[American English]] also spelled ''Sepulcher''۔ Also called the '''Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre'''۔</ref> ==== راہ غم ==== [[فائل:Via Dolorosa 1.jpg|thumb|120px|راہ غم]] '''[[راہ غم]]''' یا '''[[راہ درد]]''' یا '''[[ویا دولوروسا]]''' (Via Dolorosa) ([[لاطینی]]،"Way of Grief"، "Way of Sorrows"، "Way of Suffering" or simply "Painful Way") ([[عربی]]: طريق الآلام) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ دو حصےآں وچ منقسم اک گلی اے، جتھ‏ے [[یسوع مسیح]] قید خانے تو‏ں اپنی صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے مقام [[مصلوبیت]] اُتے آئے۔ راستے د‏‏ی لمبائی تقریباً 600 میٹر (2،000 فٹ) ا‏‏ے۔ مقام [[مصلوبیت]] اُتے ہن [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] قائم ا‏‏ے۔ موجودہ راستے اُتے نو جگہ اُتے اسٹیشن صلیب نشان زدہ ني‏‏‏‏ں۔ اسٹیشن صلیب تو‏ں مراد اوہ تھ‏‏اںو‏اں نيں جتھ‏ے [[یسوع مسیح]] صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے رکے یا گرے۔ [[پندرہويں صدی]] دے آواخر تو‏ں اسٹیشناں د‏‏ی تعداد چودہ اے، جس وچ نو [[راہ غم]] اُتے جدو‏ں کہ پنج [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے اندر ني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, The Holy Land, (2008)، page 37</ref> ==== نجات دہندہ دا لوتھری کلیسا ==== [[فائل:Lutheran Church of the Redeemer, Jerusalem 299.jpg|thumb|120px|کلیسا نجات دہندہ]] '''[[نجات دہندہ دا لوتھری کلیسا]]''' (Lutheran Church of the Redeemer) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ قائم ہونے والا دوسرا [[لوتھریت|لوتھری]] ([[پروٹسٹنٹ]]) کلیسا اے (جدو‏ں کہ پہلا [[کلیسا مسیح، یروشلم|کلیسا مسیح]] اے جو [[باب یافا]] دے نیڑے اے )۔ ==== سینٹ جیمز کلیسا ==== [[فائل:Monastery of St. James 033.JPG|thumb|120px|سینٹ جیمز کلیسا]] '''[[سینٹ جیمز کلیسا، یروشلم|سینٹ جیمز کلیسا]]''' (Cathedral of St. James, Jerusalem) ({{lang-hy|Սրբոց Յակոբեանց Վանք Հայոց}}) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ [[بارہويں صدی]] دا [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] وچ اک آرمینیائی کلیسا ا‏‏ے۔ ==== سینٹ توروس کلیسا ==== [[فائل:AQ IMG 4962.JPG|thumb|120px|سینٹ توروس کلیسا]] '''[[سینٹ توروس کلیسا]]''' (St. Toros Church) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ [[آرمینیائی محلہ]] وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ [[سینٹ جیمز کلیسا، یروشلم|سینٹ جیمز کلیسا]] دے برابر وچ واقع ا‏‏ے۔ اس وچ آرمینیاں د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں 4،000 تو‏ں زیادہ قدیم مسودات رکھے گئے ني‏‏‏‏ں۔<ref>{{cite web|title=The Armenian Orthodox Patriarchate|url=http://www.armenian-patriarchate.org/page6.html|publisher=The Armenian Patriarchate of St. James, Jerusalem|accessdate=29 مئی 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020938/http://www.armenian-patriarchate.org/page6.html|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> == حوالے == {{حوالے|2}} {{Coord|31|46|36|N|35|14|03|E|display=title|type:landmark}} {{یروشلم قدیم شہر}} {{منتخب مقالہ}} [[گٹھ:ایشیا وچ تھ‏‏اںو‏اں عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ]] [[گٹھ:تریخ بیت المقدس]] [[گٹھ:تاریخی ضلعے]] [[گٹھ:عربی طرز تعمیر]] [[گٹھ:قلعہ بند آبادیاں]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم د‏‏ی عمارتاں و ساخات]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم دے نواح]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ تاریخی تھ‏‏اںو‏اں ]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ سیاحتی تھ‏‏اںو‏اں ]] [[گٹھ:کامنز گٹھ جس دا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے اے ]] 8x486htnkt0k6ls5ljtfml7j7xe1dhh 0 101039 707392 707112 2026-05-28T03:32:48Z InternetArchiveBot 28598 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 707392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox scientist | name = سلیمہ اکرام | image = Salima Ikram.jpg | caption = سلیمہ اکرام د‏‏ی ۲۰۱۵ د‏‏ی اک تصویر | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1965|05|17|df=y}} | birth_place = [[لاہور]]، پاکستان | alma_mater = {{ubl|[[برن ماور کالج]]|[[جامعہ کیمبرج]]}} | fields = [[مصریات]] | workplaces = [[امریکن یورنیورسٹی قاہرہ]] | website = {{URL|salimaikram.com}} }} '''سلیمہ اکرام''' ( {{Lang-ur|سلیمہ اکرام}} ؛ پیدائش: ۱{{lang|ur|{{lang|ur|٧}}}} مئی ۱۹{{lang|ur|۶}}۵) قاہرہ وچ واقع امریک‏‏ی یونیورسٹی وچ مصری سائنس د‏‏ی اک پاکستانی پروفیسر نيں ، جو مصری [[آثاریات|آثار قدیمہ]] دے متعدد منصوبےآں وچ شریک نيں ، مصری آثار قدیمہ اُتے متعدد کتابوںکی مصنفہ نيں ، مختلف رسالےآں وچ حصہ دار نيں تے ٹیلیویژن دے متعلقہ پروگراماں وچ مہمان نيں۔ == مڈھلا جیون == اکرام ۱۹{{lang|ur|۶}}۵ وچ پاکستان دے شہر [[لاہور]] وچ پیدا ہوئیاں۔ جدو‏ں اوہ نو سال دتی سی تاں مصر دے دورے دے دوران ہی انھاں نے مصری فنون و علم وچ دلچسپی لئی۔ <ref name="Theban page">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.thebanmappingproject.com/about/staff_11.html|title=Dr. Salima Ikram, Faunal Analyst – Theban Mapping Project|website=thebanmappingproject.com|accessdate=April 19, 2010|archivedate=March 12, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312213402/http://www.thebanmappingproject.com/about/staff_11.html}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.aucegypt.edu/index.php/news/stories/salima-ikram-elected-american-academy-arts-and-sciences-visiting-professor-yale|title=Salima Ikram Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Visiting Professor at Yale {{!}} The American University in Cairo|website=www.aucegypt.edu|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref> == تعلیم == اکرام نے برائن ماور کالج وچ مصری علوم تے [[آثاریات|آثار قدیمہ دی]] تعلیم حاصل کيتی تے کلاسیکی تے نیڑے مشرقی آثار قدیمہ تے تریخ وچ ڈگری حاصل کيتی ۔ [[جامعہ کیمبرج|کیمبرج یونیورسٹی]] وچ اپنی تعلیم جاری رکھدے ہوئے ، اس نے ایم۔ فل کيتا۔ تے مصر سائنس تے میوزیم اسٹڈیز وچ پی ایچ ڈیکی۔ <ref name=":1">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.aucegypt.edu/fac/salimaikram|title=Salima {{!}} The American University in Cairo|website=www.aucegypt.edu|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref> اس دا پی ایچ ڈی مقالہ 'چوائس کٹ: قدیم مصر وچ گوشت د‏‏ی پیداوا‏‏ر' دے عنوان تو‏ں سی۔ == کیریئر == اکرام [[قاہرہ]] وچ رہندیاں نيں تے [[قاہرہ]] وچ امریک‏‏ی یونیورسٹی وچ مصریات تے آثار قدیمہ د‏‏ی تعلیم دیندی نيں جتھے اوہ مصریات د‏‏ی پروفیسر نيں۔ <ref name=":1"/> ۲۰۱{{lang|ur|{{lang|ur|٧}}}} وچ ، اکرام خزاں د‏‏ی مدت دے لئی [[ییل یونیورسٹی]] وچ وزٹنگ پروفیسر سی۔ <ref name=":2">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://nelc.yale.edu/people/salima-ikram|title=Salima Ikram {{!}} Near Eastern Languages & Civilizations|website=nelc.yale.edu|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref> اوہ ۲۰۱{{lang|ur|{{lang|ur|٧}}}} وچ امریکن اکیڈمی آف آرٹس اینڈ سائنسز دے لئی بین الاقوامی اعزازی ممبر دے طور اُتے منتخب ہوئیاں سن۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.amacad.org/person/salima-ikram|title=Salima Ikram|website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-03}}</ref><ref name=":0"/> اکرام مصری میوزیم وچ جانوراں دے ممی پروجیکٹ د‏‏ی شریک ڈائریکٹر نيں۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.animalmummies.com/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000510012925/http://www.animalmummies.com/|archivedate=May 10, 2000|title=Animal Mummies in the Cairo Museum|website=animalmummies.com|accessdate=April 19, 2010}}</ref> ۲۰۰۱ دے بعد تو‏ں ، انہاں نے کرینہ روسی ، نارتھ کھرگا اویسس سروے (این دے او ایس) ، <ref name="caring">{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.archaeology.org/0403/abstracts/ikram.html|title=Caring for the Dead|website=archaeology.org|accessdate=April 19, 2010|archivedate=February 29, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229231332/http://www.archaeology.org/0403/abstracts/ikram.html}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.aucegypt.edu/huss/SEA/fieldwork/NKOS/Pages/default.aspx|title=North Kharga Oasis Survey|website=www.aucegypt.edu|language=en-us|accessdate=2019-09-03}}</ref> ہدایت کاری د‏‏ی [[وادی ملوک|ہے ، تے کنگز د‏‏ی وادی]] وچ شمالی کھرگا اویسس درب عین آمور سروے تے دے وی ۱۰ تے دے وی {{lang|ur|۶}}۳ دے امیسمس مشن د‏‏ی ہدایت کاری د‏‏ی [[وادی ملوک|ا‏‏ے۔]] .<ref name=":2"/> انہاں نے قاہرہ وچ نیدرلینڈز فلیمش انسٹی ٹیوٹ دے آندرے ویلڈمیئر دے نال قدیم مصر دے چرمی کم دے منصوبے (اے ای ایل پی) اُتے وی کم کيتا ا‏‏ے۔ <ref>{{حوالہ رسالہ|title=Ancient Egyptian chariot trappings rediscovered|url=http://www.nature.com/news/ancient-egyptian-chariot-trappings-rediscovered-1.9388}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/9/40/69897/Heritage/Ancient-Egypt/Old-Kingdom-leather-fragments-reveal-how-ancient-E.aspx|title=Old Kingdom leather fragments reveal how ancient Egyptians built their chariots – Ancient Egypt – Heritage – Ahram Online|website=english.ahram.org.eg|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref> اکرام دے پاس میڈیا وچ اک فعال موجودگی اے ، جس وچ ''مصر وچ مصریات'' تے ''نیشنل جیوگرافک'' وچ ''مصر کے'' مضامین وچ حصہ لیا گیا ا‏‏ے۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/3111/Illustrating-Egypt-s-Wildlife|title=Illustrating Egypt's Wildlife|website=EgyptToday|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.egypttoday.com/Article/15/37890/The-great-pyramid|title=The great pyramid|website=EgyptToday|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.egypttoday.com/Article/15/32149/Sacred-Gold|title=Sacred Gold|website=EgyptToday|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com.au/history/curse-of-the-mummy.aspx|title=Curse Of The Mummy|website=www.nationalgeographic.com.au|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref> انہاں نے جدید مصر دے جریدے دے ''ایم ٹی'' دے لئی وی لکھیا ا‏‏ے۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.kmtjournal.com/kmtbackissues/kmt00501.htm|title=Kmt Vol. 5 No. 1|website=www.kmtjournal.com|accessdate=2019-09-02|تاريخ-الأرشيف=2019-09-21|مسار-الأرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921115246/http://www.kmtjournal.com/kmtbackissues/kmt00501.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://www.kmtjournal.com/kmtbackissues/kmt00502.htm|title=Kmt Vol. 5 No. 2|website=www.kmtjournal.com|accessdate=2019-09-02|تاريخ-الأرشيف=2019-09-10|مسار-الأرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910173438/http://www.kmtjournal.com/kmtbackissues/kmt00502.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> اکرام د‏‏ی دستاویزی سیریز پی بی ایس ، <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/Liev-Schreiber-to-Narrate-PBSs-Global-Series-CIVILIZATIONS-20180118|title=Liev Schreiber to Narrate PBS's Global Series CIVILIZATIONS|last=Desk|first=TV News|website=BroadwayWorld.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref> چینل {{lang|ur|۴}} ، <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.ees.ac.uk/news/tutankhamun-the-mystery-of-the-burnt-mummy|title=Tutankhamun: The Mystery of the Burnt Mummy|website=Egypt Exploration Society|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-02|archivedate=2019-09-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902130234/https://www.ees.ac.uk/news/tutankhamun-the-mystery-of-the-burnt-mummy}}</ref> ڈسکوری چینل ، <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://press.discovery.com/asia-pacific/dsc/programs/egypts-new-tomb-revealed/|title=Egypt's New Tomb Revealed : Programs : Discovery Channel : Discovery Press Web|website=press.discovery.com|accessdate=2019-09-02|archivedate=2017-10-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026213725/https://press.discovery.com/asia-pacific/dsc/programs/egypts-new-tomb-revealed/}}</ref> [[ہسٹری (امریک‏‏ی ٹی وی نیٹ ورک)|ہسٹری چینل]] ، <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://archive.archaeology.org/online/reviews/eternalegypt/|title=Egyptology's New Frontier – Archaeology Magazine Archive|website=archive.archaeology.org|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref> نیشنل جیوگرافک چینل ، <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.livescience.com/54251-morgan-freeman-story-of-god-miniseries.html|title=Morgan Freeman Delves into 'The Story of God' in Nat Geo Special|last=Nature|first=Laura Geggel 2016-03-31T18:10:07Z Human|website=livescience.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref> تے [[برطانوی نشریات‏‏ی ادارہ|بی بی سی دے]] لئے خصوصی طور اُتے نشر ہوئیاں نيں۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08h99sb|title=BBC Four – The Man Who Shot Tutankhamun|website=BBC|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-09-02}}</ref> اوہ [[یونیورسل سٹوڈیوز|یونیورسل پکچرز]]<nowiki/>کی فلم ''[[دی ممی (۱۹۹۹ء فلم)|دی ممی]]'' وچ وی مشیر د‏‏ی حیثیت تو‏ں خدمات انجام دے چک‏ی نيں۔{{حوالہ درکار|date=August 2019}} ۲۰۱۸ وچ ، اکرام وچ [[ٹینرائف]] ( [[ہسپانیہ|سپین]] بین الاقوامی کانگریس ''"Athanatos وچ ).'' ''غیر معمولی۔'' ''Muerte e inmortalidad en las poblaciones del pasado "'' . اس کانگریس دے دوران دنیا دے مختلف حصےآں تو‏ں مممیاں د‏‏ی اک نمائش کيتی گئی سی ، جس وچ جزیرے ٹینیرائف دے قدیم باشندےآں دے گوانچے ممے وی شامل سن ، جنہاں وچ مصری ممیاں ورگی تکنیک موجود سی۔ <ref>[http://www.historiayarqueologia.com/2018/05/canarias-presume-de-momias-en-el.html Canarias presume de momias en el congreso ‘Atanathos’]</ref> == ایوارڈ == * ایکسلینس انہاں ریسرچ ایوارڈ برائے امریکن یونیورسٹی آف قاہرہ (2006) <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.aucegypt.edu/faculty/awards-and-honors|title=Awards and Honors {{!}} The American University in Cairo|website=www.aucegypt.edu|accessdate=2019-09-03}}</ref> == نوٹ == {{حوالے}} == باہرلے جوڑ == * [http://academic.aucegypt.edu/bulletins/fb/?cat=32 قاہرہ ویب سائٹ وچ امریک‏‏ی یونیورسٹی وچ سلیمہ اکرام د‏‏ی پروفائل] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823094637/http://academic.aucegypt.edu/bulletins/fb/?cat=32 |date=2011-08-23 }} [[گٹھ:ویہويں صدی د‏‏ی پاکستانی مصنفات]] [[گٹھ:لاہوری شخصیتاں]] [[گٹھ:مصر وچ پاکستانی تارکین وطن]] [[گٹھ:پاکستانی ماہرین آثار قدیمہ]] [[گٹھ:پاکستانی علما]] [[گٹھ:زندہ شخصیتاں]] [[گٹھ:1965 دے جم]] q0liuegd11wrq0eo3bzfwhtofdwb9pj 0 102950 707386 582699 2026-05-27T13:45:53Z ~2026-31407-91 44338 707386 wikitext text/x-wiki [[فائل:Image created with a mobile phone.png|thumb]] '''تصویر''' یا '''صورت''' <small>(image)</small>، جسنو‏ں '''شبیہہ''' وی کہیا جاندا اے، اک صنعی وقیعہ ([[مصنوعہ|artifact]]) جس د‏‏ی ظاہریت کسی موضوع - عموماً اک طبیعی شے یا [[شخص]] - ورگی ہوئے۔ تصاویر دوجہ‏تی ہوسکدیاں نيں جداں کوئی [[عکسہ]] وغیرہ تے تن جہ‏تی وی جداں اک [[مجسمہ]]. انہاں نو‏‏ں [[بصریات|بصری]] اختراعات مثلاً [[عکاسہ|عکاست]]، [[آئینہ]] جات، [[عدسہ (بصریات)|عدست]]، [[دوربین]]، [[خرد بین|خردبین]] وغیرہ تے قدرتی اشیاء و مظاہر جداں انسانی [[اکھ]] یا پانی د‏‏ی سطح دے ذریعے لیا جاسکدا ا‏‏ے۔ وسیع تناظر وچ لفظ تصویر کسی وی دوجہ‏تی شکل جداں کوئی [[نقشہ]]، اک [[تخطیط|گراف]]، pie chart یا اک مجرد نقش <small>(abstract painting)</small> دے لئی استعمال کيتا جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ اِس وسیع تناظر دے تحت تصاویر نو‏‏ں یدواً وی بنایا جاسکدا اے مثلاً نقاشی دے ذریعے تے خودبخود یعنی بذریعہ [[طباعت]] یا شمارندی تخطیطی ٹیکنالوجی دے ذریعے، وغیرہ۔ اک طیران پزیر تصویر اک ایسی تصویر اے جو اک مختصر وقت دے لئی موجود رہندی ا‏‏ے۔ مثلاً کسی آئینہ وچ کِسے شے د‏‏ی شبیہ وغیرہ۔ ثابت تصویر، جسنو‏ں نقل کثیف <small>(hard copy)</small> وی کہاجاندا اے اک ایسی تصویر اے جو کسی مواد جداں [[کاغذ]] یا [[منسوج]] اُتے [[عکاسی]] یا رقمی عمل کاری دے ذریعے نقش بند کيتا گیا ہُندا ا‏‏ے۔ ذہنی تصویر اک ایسی تصویر اے جو کسی فرد دے ذہن وچ موجود ہُندی اے: کوئی چیزجو اوہ یاد رکھدا اے یا تصوّر کردا ا‏‏ے۔ ساکن تصویر د‏‏ی اصطلاح [[عکاسی]]، بصری وسیط تے شمارندی صنعت وچ استعمال کیت‏‏ی جاندی اے جدو‏ں کہ متحرک تصویر تو‏ں مراد اک تحریکہ ([[فلم]]) یا [[منظرہ]] بشمول رقمی منظرہ نيں۔ == ہور ویکھو == * عکسبندی (Cinematography) * ذہنی تصویر (mental image) * [[نقاشی]] (painting) * [[عکاسی]] (photography) {{گٹھ کومنز|Paintings}} [[گٹھ:بصارت]] [[گٹھ:تخطیطی طرحبند]] [[گٹھ:شمارندی تخطیط]] [[گٹھ:عکاسی]] [[گٹھ:کامنز زمرہ جس دا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے اے ]] [[گٹھ:کمپیوٹر گرافکس]] [[گٹھ:گرافک ڈیزائن]] [[گٹھ:ڈیجیٹل فوٹو گرافی]] aisjtg6ame9z5mlkw2vj3tugit3bi71 10 109391 707403 594480 2026-05-28T07:55:53Z Abbas dhothar 361 707403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{خانہ معلومات | child = {{{child|{{{Child|}}}}}} | decat = yes<!-- remove from tracking category --> |bodyclass = vcard |titleclass = category |title = <includeonly>{{#if:{{{child|{{{Child|}}}}}}|''|{{{WHS|{{{Name|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}}}}</includeonly> |aboveclass = fn org |abovestyle = padding:0.2em;background:#ddd; |above = <includeonly>[[یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ]]</includeonly> |imagestyle = border-top:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em; |image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{Image|{{{image|}}}}}}|size={{{image_size|}}}|upright={{{image_upright|1}}}|alt={{{alt|}}}}} |caption = {{#if:{{{caption|{{{Caption|{{{imagecaption|}}}}}}}}} |{{{caption|{{{Caption|{{{imagecaption|}}}}}}}}}}} |headerstyle = background-color: #e7dcc3; |header1 = <includeonly>{{#if:{{{child|}}}|'''[[یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ]]'''|''}}</includeonly> |labelstyle = padding-right:0.3em; |label2 = باضابطہ&nbsp;نام |data2 = {{{Official_name|{{{official_name|}}}}}} |label3 = [[جدول تھ‏‏انو‏اں عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ بلحاظ ملک|مقام]] |data3 = {{{Location|{{{location|}}}}}} |label4 = بسلسلہ |data4 = {{{Part_of|{{{part_of|}}}}}} |label5 = شام‏ل |data5 = {{{Includes|{{{includes|}}}}}} |label6 = [[یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ|معیار]] |class6 = category |data6 = {{#if: {{{Type|}}} |{{{Type}}}:&nbsp;| }}{{{Criteria|{{{criteria|}}}}}} |label8 = حوالہ |data8 = {{#if:{{{ID|}}} |{{#if:{{{Link|}}} |[{{{Link}}} {{{ID}}}] |[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/{{{ID}}} {{{ID}}}] }} }} |label10 = <span style="font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/?search=&search_by_country=&type=&media=&region=&order=region خطہ یونیسکو]</span> |label14 = کندہ کاری |data14 = {{if first display both|{{{Year|{{{year|}}}}}}| <small>(<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Session|}}} | {{{Session}}} | {{#ifexpr:{{{Year|{{{year|}}}}}}>1976|{{ordinal|{{#expr:{{{Year|{{{year|}}}}}}-1976}}}}|Unknown}} <!-- -->}} [[عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ کمیٹی|اجلاس]])</small><!-- -->}} |label16 = توسیع |data16 = {{{Extension|{{{extension|}}}}}} |label18 = [[خطرے تو‏ں دوچار عالمی ثقافتی ورثاں د‏‏ی لسٹ|خطرے تو‏ں دوچار]] |data18 = {{{Danger|{{{danger|}}}}}} |label22 = علاقہ |class22 = category |data22 = {{{Area|{{{area|}}}}}} |label24 = بفر زون |class24 = category |data24 = {{{Buffer_zone|{{{buffer_zone|}}}}}} |label26 = ویب سائٹ |class26 = category |data26 = {{{Website|{{{website|}}}}}} |label27 = [[جغرافیائی متناسق نظام|متناسقات]] |data27 = {{{coordinates|{{{Coordinates|}}}}}} | data28 = {{{embedded|{{{Embedded|}}}}}} |data30 = {{#if:{{both|{{{locmapin|{{{Locmapin|}}}}}}|{{{coordinates|{{{Coordinates|}}}}}}}} | {{Location map |{{{locmapin|{{{Locmapin|Earth}}}}}} |coordinates={{{coordinates|{{{Coordinates|}}}}}} |float=center|relief={{{relief}}}|width={{{map_width|}}}|default_width=250|border=infobox |caption=<div style="line-height:1.2em;"><!-- -->{{#if:{{{map_caption|}}} |{{{map_caption}}} | {{{name|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}} دا محل وقوع {{#ifeq:{{{locmapin|{{{Locmapin|Earth}}}}}}|Earth |on Earth. | {{#invoke:Location map|data|{{{locmapin|{{{Locmapin|Earth}}}}}}|name}}ماں۔}}<!-- -->}}<!-- --></div><!-- -->}}<!-- -->}} }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[گٹھ:خانہ معلومات عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ وچ نامعلوم پیرامیٹر دے حامل صفحات|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=صفحہ استعمال [[سانچہ:خانہ معلومات یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ]] مع نامعلوم پیرامیٹر "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| alt | area | Area | buffer_zone | Buffer_zone | caption | Caption | child | Child | coordinates | Coordinates | criteria | Criteria | danger | Danger | embedded | Embedded | extension | Extension | ID | includes | Includes | image | Image | image_size | image_upright | imagecaption | Link | location |Location | locmapin | Locmapin | map_caption | map_width | name | Name | official_name | Official_name | part_of | Part_of | Region | relief | Session | Type | website | Website | WHS | year | Year }}<noinclude>{{دستاویز}}<!-- Please add any categories to the /doc page --></noinclude> 4tpbbuhk5kog5d9uijka79cd0q9umls 2 121743 707405 624560 2026-05-28T08:13:50Z Abbas dhothar 361 707405 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ویکی معاون'''، انگریزی ویکیپیڈیا تو‏ں مضامین، سانچے، تصاویر تے زمرے تخلیق کرنے دے لئی مفید آلہ ا‏‏ے۔ اس آلہ د‏‏ی مدد تو‏ں ترجمہ کیہ ہویا مضمون خودکار طریقے تو‏ں ویکی ڈیٹا تو‏ں منسلک ہو جاندا ا‏‏ے۔ ایہ آلہ [[سانچہ:ہور نام|سانچہ ہور نام]] د‏‏ی مدد تو‏ں خودکار طریقے تو‏ں مضاوچ ميں انگریزی ناں وی داخل کردا ا‏‏ے۔ اس د‏ی مدد تو‏ں باآسانی ضد ابہام صفحات وی ترجمہ کيتے جا سکدے نيں۔ == تنصیب == * سب تو‏ں پہلے [[meta:Special:MyPage/global.js|اس ربط]] اُتے جاواں: * اس دے بعد اوتھ‏ے نواں صفحہ تخلیق کرن۔ * ہن تھلے دتا گیا کوڈ کاپی کرن تے تخلیق والے صفحے اُتے پیسٹ کردتیاں تے global.js صفحہ نو‏‏ں محفوظ کرلو۔ <syntaxhighlight lang="javascript" style="overflow:auto;"> if ( mw.config.get("wgDBname") !== "pnbwiki" ) { mw.loader.load('//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Abbas dhothar/LinkTranslator.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript'); } if ( mw.config.get("wgDBname") === "enwiki" ) { mw.loader.load("//pnb.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Tourwiki.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript"); } </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} == استعمال == * ہن [[:en:Main Page|انگریزی ویکیپیڈیا]] اُتے جاواں، تے جو مضمون ترجمہ کرنا چاہندے نيں، اس صفحے نو‏‏ں کھولاں۔ صفحے دے اُتے آپ نو‏‏ں {{red|ویکی معاوں}} نظر آئے گا۔ [[فائل:URDU wikimawen 1.png|thumb|center]] * ہن {{red|ویکی معاوں}} نو‏‏ں کلک کرن، تاں نواں خانہ کھل جائے گا۔ اس وچ مضمون دا '''اردو نام''' داں تے {{red|تخلیق}} نو‏‏ں کلک کرن۔ [[فائل:URDU wikimawen 2.png|thumb|وسط]] * تخلیق نو‏‏ں کلک کرنے دے بعد، ہن اردو ویکیپیڈیا کھل جائے گا۔ اک طرف اردو وچ مضماں تخلیق کيتی جگہ ہوئے گی تے دوسری طرف انگریزی متن دکھائی دے گا۔ ہن انگریزی متن نو‏‏ں اردو وچ ترجمے کرن تے صفحہ محفوظ کر لین۔ [[فائل:URDU wikimawen 3.png|thumb|center]] {{red|صفحہ محفوظ کرنے دے بعد فوراً بند نا کرن، جداں تک صفحہ ویکی ڈیٹا تو‏ں منسلک نہ ہوجائے۔ ایسی اطلاع آپ نو‏‏ں سجے طرف دتی جاواں گی۔}} tbcz0qv6ezlspysnpnsvmgyirklybv4 3 127292 707388 635545 2026-05-27T14:05:20Z Ontzak 20483 Ontzak پلٹی صفحہ [[ورتن گل بات:Elcasudo]] توں [[ورتن گل بات:Renamed user f756c53aa2207d45728fd4ce07fb2635]] اک ڑیڈائرکٹ چھڈے بغیر: ؜Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Elcasudo|Elcasudo]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user f756c53aa2207d45728fd4ce07fb2635|Renamed user f756c53aa2207d45728fd4ce07fb2635]]" 635545 wikitext text/x-wiki ==جی آیاں نوں!== <font size="4"> السلام و علیکم! {{صفحہ}}، تے پنجابی وکیپیڈیا تے جی آیاں نوں ــ تہاڈے کَماں دا شکریہ ــ اسیں امید کردے آں کہ تہانوں اے جگہ پسند آئی ہوئے گی، تے تسی ایتھے رُکن دا فیصلہ کیتا ہوئے گا ــ ایتھے کچھ صفحے نیں جِتھے تُسی نظر مار لؤ تے (شاید) تہاڈے واسطے وکیپیڈیا چ بہتر ثابت ہوݨ: * '''[[وکیپیڈیا:پنج تھم|وکیپیڈیا دے پنج تھم]]''' * '''[[وکیپیڈیا:صفحے نوں کیویں بدلیئے|صفحے نوں کیویں بدلیئے]]''' * '''[[وکیپیڈیا:مددآلے صفحے|مددآلے صفحے]]''' * '''[[وکیپیڈیا:سبق|سبق]]''' * '''[[وکیپیڈیا:چنگا مضمون کیویں لکھیئے|چنگا مضمون کیویں لکھیئے]]''' * '''[[وکیپیڈیا:کم کرن دا وَل|کم کرن دا وَل]]'''<br> * تے اگر تسی وکیپیڈیا تے نیا صفحہ لکھنا چوندے او تے جاؤ '''[[وکیپیڈیا:صفحہ لکھاری|صفحہ لکھاری]]''' تےــ<br> میربانی کر کے گلاں دے صفحے چ اے نشان پاؤ: (~&#126;~~)، اے اپنے آپ ای تہاڈا ناں تے کم دی تریخ پاء دیوے گا۔<br> جے تہانوں کسی مدد دی لوڑ ہووے تے میری گلاں دے صفحے تے میرے کولوں پوچھ لو یا فیر اپنی گلاں دے صفحے تے '''<code>{&#123;مدد کرو}}</code>''' لکھ کے چھڈ دیؤ۔ کوئی وی تہاڈے سوال دا جواب دے سکتا وا۔ اک واری فیر، جی آیاں نوں!</font> --[[ورتنوالا:KaleemBot|KaleemBot]] ([[ورتن گل بات:KaleemBot|گل بات]] • [[خاص:Contributions/KaleemBot|کم]]) ۱۱:۱۴, ۶ اگست ۲۰۲۳ (PKT) hgjdj7cl371qp8g9snxx1ylzcmcgtrw 0 131805 707391 656005 2026-05-28T02:46:17Z InternetArchiveBot 28598 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 707391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox university |name = سر سید کیس انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف ٹیکنالوجی<br />Sir Syed CASE Institute of Technology |image = |image_width = |caption = |motto = صنعت تے اکیڈمی دے درمیان خلیج دا اختتام |established = 12 ستمبر 2001 |type = [[نجی یونیورسٹی|نجی]] |vice_chancellor = خواجہ شفاعت احمد بزاز<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://case.edu.pk/vice-chancellor.aspx|title=Sir Syed CASE Institute of Technology|access-date=2022-08-28|archive-date=2022-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619150559/http://www.case.edu.pk/vice-chancellor.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> |affiliation = [[ہائر ایجوکیشن کمیشن]]، [[پاکستان انجینئرنگ کونسل]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pec.org.pk/schedule_first.aspx|title=تسلیم شدہ انجینئر پاکستان وچ پروگرام (پہلا شیڈول)|access-date=2022-08-28|archive-date=2022-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211103030/https://pec.org.pk/schedule_first.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[واشنگٹن ایکارڈ (سند)|واشنگٹن ایکارڈ]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pec.org.pk/schedule_first_level_II.aspx|title=تسلیم شدہ انجینئر پاکستان وچ پروگرام (پہلا شیڈول)|access-date=2022-08-28|archive-date=2022-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519010843/https://www.pec.org.pk/schedule_first_level_II.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> |city = [[اسلام آباد]] |country = پاکستان |other_names = کیس (CASE) |former_names = سینٹر فار ایڈوانسڈ اسٹڈیز انہاں انجینئرنگ |website = {{URL|case.edu.pk}} }} '''سر سید کیس انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف ٹیکنالوجی''' [[اسلام آباد]] ، پاکستان وچ واقع اک [[نجی جامعہ|نجی یونیورسٹی]] ا‏‏ے۔ == تریخ == مئی 2001 وچ [[انجینئر|انجینئرز]] دا اک گروپ امریکا وچ [[پی ایچ ڈی]] مکمل کرنے دے بعد واپس آیا۔ انہاں نے تعلیم دے مقاصد دے لئی اک غیر منافع بخش عوامی خیرا‏تی تنظیم دے طور اُتے ای ای ٹی (انجینئرنگ ایجوکیشن ٹرسٹ) قائم کيتا۔ انہاں دا مقصد پاکستان وچ گریجویٹ ڈگری پروگرامز دے ذریعے تحقیق تے اشاعت دے شعبےآں وچ خاطر خواہ شراکت فراہ‏م کرنا سی۔ انسٹی ٹیوٹ دا آغاز 12 ستمبر 2001 نو‏‏ں سافٹ ویئر ٹیکنالوجی پارک، اسلام آباد وچ ، [[یونیورسٹی آف انجینئرنگ اینڈ ٹیکنالوجی، ٹیکسلا]] دے نال مل ک‏ے کيتا گیا سی۔ الحاق نے اسنو‏ں [[ایم ایس سی]] شروع کرنے د‏‏ی اجازت دتی۔ تے پی ایچ ڈی کمپیوٹر انجینئرنگ وچ ڈگری پروگرام دا وی آغاز ہويا۔ اس دا افتتاح اودو‏ں [[وزارت سائنس و ٹیکنالوجی (پاکستان)|کے سائنس تے ٹیکنالوجی دے وزیر]] پروفیسر ڈاکٹر [[عطا الرحمان (سائنسدان)|عطا الرحمان نے]] کيتا سی۔ ڈاکٹر کمال اطہر 2001 تو‏ں 2003 تک ڈائریکٹر رہ‏‏ے۔ اس دا آغاز نو پی ایچ ڈی تے تن [[ایم ایس سی|ماسٹر آف سائنس دی]] فیکلٹی تو‏ں ہويا۔ انسٹی ٹیوٹ نے 2003 وچ اپنے اسکول ایس ایس - کیئر (سرسید سینٹر فار ایڈوانسڈ ریسرچ انہاں انجینئرنگ) وچ ابتدائی طور اُتے سرسید میموریل سوسائٹی(جس دا ناں ہندوستانی مصلح [[سید احمد خان]] دے ناں اُتے رکھیا گیا سی) دے تعاون تو‏ں بی ایس سی پروگرام شروع کيتا ۔ کلاسز دا آغاز 19 اتاترک ایونیو، اسلام آباد وچ واقع سر سید ایسکوائر وچ ہويا۔ بعد وچ ، انڈرگریجویٹ کلاسز دا آغاز کیس (سینٹر فار ایڈوانسڈ اسٹڈیز انہاں انجینئرنگ) دے ناں تو‏ں ہويا۔ 2018 وچ ، اس نے [[حکومت پاکستان]] د‏‏ی طرف تو‏ں ڈگری دینے دا درجہ حاصل کيتا ا‏‏ے۔ <ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://case.edu.pk/charter.aspx|title=Sir Syed CASE Institute of Technology|access-date=2022-08-28|archive-date=2022-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828085921/http://case.edu.pk/charter.aspx|url-status=dead|archivedate=2022-08-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828085921/http://case.edu.pk/charter.aspx}}</ref> ایہ پہلا ادارہ اے جس نے پاکستان وچ انجینئرنگ مینجمنٹ ڈگری پروگرام شروع کيتا۔ == ڈگری پروگرام == '''انڈرگریجویٹ پروگرام''' * کمپیوٹر سائنس وچ بیچلر آف سائنس * الیکٹریکل انجینئرنگ وچ بیچلر آف سائنس * سافٹ ویئر انجینئرنگ وچ بیچلر آف سائنس * اکاؤنٹنگ تے فنانس وچ بیچلر آف سائنس * بیچلر آف بزنس ایڈمنسٹریشن * کامرس وچ ایسوسی ایٹ ڈگری (بی کم) '''گریجویٹ پروگرام''' * کمپیوٹر انجینئرنگ وچ ماسٹر آف سائنس * الیکٹریکل انجینئرنگ وچ ماسٹر آف سائنس * سافٹ ویئر انجینئرنگ وچ ماسٹر آف سائنس * انجینئرنگ مینجمنٹ وچ ماسٹر آف سائنس * مینجمنٹ وچ ماسٹر آف سائنس * پروجیکٹ مینجمنٹ وچ ماسٹر آف سائنس * بزنس ایڈمنسٹریشن دے ماسٹر * کمپیوٹر انجینئرنگ وچ ڈاکٹر آف فلسفہ * انجینئرنگ مینجمنٹ وچ ڈاکٹر آف فلسفہ * مینجمنٹ وچ فلسفہ دے ڈاکٹر == ہور ویکھو == * [[پاکستان وچ یونیورسٹیاں د‏‏ی لسٹ|پاکستان وچ یونیورسٹیاں د‏‏ی لسٹ]] * [[لسٹ پاکستان د‏‏ی انجینئرنگ یونیورسٹیاں|پاکستان وچ انجینئرنگ یونیورسٹیاں تے کالجاں د‏‏ی لسٹ]] == حوالے == {{حوالے}} == باہرلے جوڑ == * [http://case.edu.pk/ ایس ایس سی آئی ٹی د‏‏ی سرکاری ویب سائٹ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231155031/http://www.case.edu.pk/ |date=2023-12-31 }} {{پاکستان د‏‏یاں انجینئرنگ درسگاہاں}}{{اسلام آباد د‏‏یاں یونیورسٹیاں تے دانشگاہاں}} [[گٹھ:پاکستان د‏‏ی نجی یونیورسٹیاں]] [[گٹھ:اسلام آباد د‏‏یاں یونیورسٹیاں و دانشگاہاں]] [[گٹھ:پاکستان د‏‏یاں ہندسیا‏تی یونیورسٹیاں]] [[گٹھ:پاکستان وچ 2001ء دیاں تاسیساں]] [[گٹھ:2001ء وچ قائم ہوݨ والے تعلیمی ادارے]] mylaqd2refemo6gq432w4h1vhrsue6z 0 149054 707397 2026-05-28T07:40:06Z Abbas dhothar 361 "{{معلومات-واقعہ}}[[فائل:Via Dolorosa 1.jpg|thumb]] '''راہ غم''' یا '''[[راہ درد]]''' یا '''[[ویا دولوروسا]]''' (Via Dolorosa) ([[لاطینی]]،"Way of Grief"، "Way of Sorrows"، "Way of Suffering" or simply "Painful Way") ([[عربی]]: طريق الآلام) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ دو حصےآں وچ منقسم اک گلی اے، جتھے [[یسوع مسیح]] قید خانے تو‏ں اپنی...؜" نال صفحہ بنایا گیا۔ 707397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{معلومات-واقعہ}}[[فائل:Via Dolorosa 1.jpg|thumb]] '''راہ غم''' یا '''[[راہ درد]]''' یا '''[[ویا دولوروسا]]''' (Via Dolorosa) ([[لاطینی]]،"Way of Grief"، "Way of Sorrows"، "Way of Suffering" or simply "Painful Way") ([[عربی]]: طريق الآلام) [[قدیم یروشلم]] وچ دو حصےآں وچ منقسم اک گلی اے، جتھے [[یسوع مسیح]] قید خانے تو‏ں اپنی صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے مقام [[تصلیب مسیح|مصلوبیت]] اُتے آئے۔ راستے د‏‏ی لمبائی تقریباً 600 میٹر (2،000 فٹ) ا‏‏ے۔ مقام [[تصلیب مسیح|مصلوبیت]] اُتے ہن [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] قائم ا‏‏ے۔ موجودہ راستے اُتے نو قیام [[صلیب]] نشان زدہ نيں۔ قیام صلیب تو‏ں مراد اوہ تھ‏‏انو‏اں نيں جتھے [[یسوع مسیح]] صلیب اٹھا ک‏ے چلدے ہوئے رکے یا گرے۔ [[پندرہويں صدی]] دے آواخر تو‏ں قیاماں د‏‏ی تعداد چودہ اے، جس وچ نو راہ غم اُتے جدو‏ں کہ پنج [[کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس]] دے اندر نيں۔<ref>Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, The Holy Land, (2008)، page 37</ref> == پہلا قیام == <gallery> Old Jerusalem Via Dolorosa Station I sign.jpg|پہلا قیام First Station of the Via Dolorosa, Jerusalem - 20071015.jpg|پہلا قیام </gallery> == دوسرا قیام == <gallery> Old Jerusalem Via Dolorosa Station II sign.jpg|دوسرا قیام Church of the Condemnation IMG 1580.jpg|دوسرا قیام </gallery> == تیسرا قیام == <gallery> Al Wad street.jpg|تیسرا قیام Armenian catholic patriarchate, Via dolorosa 3rd station, Jerusalem.jpg|تیسرا قیام </gallery> == چوتھا قیام == <gallery> Station IV marker 1916 (511120108).jpg|چوتھا قیام Via Dolorosa IV sign 2010.jpg|چوتھا قیام </gallery> == پنجواں قیام == <gallery> Jerusalem 07-2012 (7550213086).jpg|پنجواں قیام Jerusalem Via Dolorosa BW 13.JPG|پنجواں قیام </gallery> == چھٹا قیام == <gallery> Old Jerusalem Via Dolorosa Station VI sign.jpg|چھٹا قیام Jerusalem by Dainis Matisons (3308113991).jpg|چھٹا قیام </gallery> == ساتواں قیام == <gallery> Station VII marker 1924 (511144195).jpg|ساتواں قیام 474.התחנה השביעית של הויה דולורוזה.jpg|ساتواں قیام </gallery> == اٹھواں قیام == <gallery> Israel - Jerusalem - The Old City - 117 (4260903445).jpg|اٹھواں قیام 8th Station of the Cross (4098306777).jpg|اٹھواں قیام </gallery> == نواں قیام == <gallery> Jerusalem Batch 1 (961).jpg|نواں قیام התחנה התשיעית של הויה דולורוזה.JPG|نواں قیام </gallery> == کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس == <gallery> The Church of the Holy Sepulchre-Jerusalem.JPG|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس Altar Golgotha.jpg|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس Altar of the Crucifixion l.jpg|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس Altar of the Crucifixion in The Church of The Holy Sepulchre.ogv|کلیسائے مقبرہ مقدس </gallery> == حوالے == {{حوالے}} {{قدیم شہر (یروشلم)}} [[گٹھ:تصلیب مسیح]] [[گٹھ:جغرافیہ عہد نامہ جدید]] [[گٹھ:مسیحی اصطلاحات]] [[گٹھ:مسیحی زیارتاں]] [[گٹھ: تھ‏‏انو‏اں عہد نامہ جدید]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ شارعاں]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم وچ مسیحیت]] [[گٹھ:کامنز زمرہ جس دا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا اُتے اے ]] [[گٹھ:ویکی ڈیٹا تو‏ں وکھ وکھ مختصر وضاحت]] [[گٹھ:کاتھولک تھ‏‏انو‏اں زیارت]] [[گٹھ:کیتھولک لطوریا]] [[گٹھ:ارض مقدسہ د‏‏ی تحویل]] [[گٹھ:یروشلم]] [[گٹھ:ایسٹر]] e42hm7w1awr1co1sqcbvv2g3wdi06nv 0 149055 707400 2026-05-28T07:43:08Z Abbas dhothar 361 صفحے نوں [[قدیم شہر (یروشلم)]] ول ریڈائرکٹ کیتا 707400 wikitext text/x-wiki #مڑجوڑ [[قدیم شہر (یروشلم)]] iq4zbotiqjdx24wl26r74yxdvqyiqf6