Buganda

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      <comment>#AWAC2026</comment>
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      <text bytes="614" sha1="1vi543s8f2vogx1puypn7l0868m1wmq" xml:space="preserve">'''Buganda''' ni imwe mu makomine atandatu agize intara ya [[Cibitoke]], ikaba ihana imbibe n'amakomine nka [[Murwi]] mu [[Buraruko]], [[Rugombo]] mu [[Buraruko]] bushira [[Uburengero]] hamwe n'i komine ya [[Gihanga]] iri mu ntara ya [[Bubanza]] ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Cibitoke]] mu [[Bumanuko]]; iyo Komine ya '''Buganda''' kandi ihana urubibe n'igihugu ca [[Republika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Republika Iharanira Intwarorusangi ya Kongo]] (''[https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_d%C3%A9mocratique_du_Congo République Démocratique du Congo]'') mu [[Burengero]] bwayo.

[[Category:Burundi]]</text>
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      <text bytes="198541" sha1="pran1nxwvqlc9pfcmy3tetve7aba22a" xml:space="preserve">== On-wiki Registration Wireframes (Request for Feedback) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! 
&lt;br&gt;
We are very excited to share with you the wireframes for the desktop version of the '''On-Wiki Registration Tool'''. Feel free to share your feedback on this update. Results of these feedback will help determine the next steps we take. Thank you in advance!
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''Creating registration for event'''
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Drop down Menu open with Campaign Events label - English Wikipedia Main page - Campaigns Registration Wireframe.jpg|400px|Creating Event Registration]] [[File:Campaign_Event_Registration_Homepage_-_Empty_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px|Registration Homepage]] 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
View full [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Event_Info_-_Create_Event_Registration_Form_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg '''Registration Form''']
&lt;br&gt;
------
'''First-Version Features'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ 
|-
! Viewing, deleting, and messaging participants !! Managing Registrations 
|-
|[[File:Message_Participants_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px|Viewing, deleting, and messaging participants]] || [[File:List_of_Event_Registrations_-_Events_Forms_Home_page_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px|Managing Registrations]]
|-
!Participants Registration ||
|-
||[[File:Event_Page_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px|Event Page Registration]]|| [[File:Side_bar_-_Event_Page_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px]]
|}
&lt;br&gt;
[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#Status_Updates|''Access full project principles and wireframes documentation here'']]. 
&lt;br&gt;
------
&lt;br&gt;
''Feel free to share your feedback!''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ 
|-
!  !! Feedback
|-
|Do you see any advantage or disadvantage of any sort of our proposed event registration system? ||
|-
|Will it provide ease of access and use to you as a campaign organizer? ||
|-
|Does the proposed event registration provide convenience for registering participants? ||
|-
|What are the essential features this first version needs to have so that you can use it? ||
|-
|When you are running a campaign, what information do you typically send to participants, and where do you usually send it 
(e.g., talk page, email, social media, etc)?
|
|-
|Do you prefer that we build the desktop version first or the mobile version of the registration system first? ||
|-
|Is there anything else you would like to add? ||
|-
|}
&lt;br&gt;

Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:51, 25 November 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&amp;oldid=22306967 --&gt;

== On-wiki Registration Wireframes (Request for Feedback) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! 
&lt;br&gt;
We are very excited to share with you the wireframes for the desktop version of the '''On-Wiki Registration Tool'''. Feel free to share your feedback on this update. Results of these feedback will help determine the next steps we take. Thank you in advance!
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''Creating registration for event'''
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Drop down Menu open with Campaign Events label - English Wikipedia Main page - Campaigns Registration Wireframe.jpg|400px|Creating Event Registration]] [[File:Campaign_Event_Registration_Homepage_-_Empty_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px|Registration Homepage]] 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
View full [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Event_Info_-_Create_Event_Registration_Form_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg '''Registration Form''']
&lt;br&gt;
------
'''First-Version Features'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ 
|-
! Viewing, deleting, and messaging participants !! Managing Registrations 
|-
|[[File:Message_Participants_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px|Viewing, deleting, and messaging participants]] || [[File:List_of_Event_Registrations_-_Events_Forms_Home_page_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px|Managing Registrations]]
|-
!Participants Registration ||
|-
||[[File:Event_Page_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px|Event Page Registration]]|| [[File:Side_bar_-_Event_Page_-_Campaigns_Registration_Wireframe.jpg|400px]]
|}
&lt;br&gt;
[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#Status_Updates|''Access full project principles and wireframes documentation here'']]. 
&lt;br&gt;
------
&lt;br&gt;
''Feel free to share your feedback!''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ 
|-
!  !! Feedback
|-
|Do you see any advantage or disadvantage of any sort of our proposed event registration system? ||
|-
|Will it provide ease of access and use to you as a campaign organizer? ||
|-
|Does the proposed event registration provide convenience for registering participants? ||
|-
|What are the essential features this first version needs to have so that you can use it? ||
|-
|When you are running a campaign, what information do you typically send to participants, and where do you usually send it 
(e.g., talk page, email, social media, etc)?
|
|-
|Do you prefer that we build the desktop version first or the mobile version of the registration system first? ||
|-
|Is there anything else you would like to add? ||
|-
|}
&lt;br&gt;

Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:15, 25 November 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&amp;oldid=22306967 --&gt;

== Affiliations Committee (AffCom) Call for candidates - January 2022 ==

''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Translations/Call for candidates - January 2022|Translations]] are available.''

The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]]''' – the committee responsible for guiding volunteers in establishing Wikimedia chapters, thematic organizations, and user groups – is looking for new members!

The main role of the AffCom is to guide groups of volunteers that are interested in forming Wikimedia affiliates. We review applications from new groups, answer questions and provide advice about the different Wikimedia affiliation models and processes, review affiliate bylaws for compliance with requirements and best practices, and update the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees as well as advise them on issues connected to chapters, thematic organizations and Wikimedia user groups.

The committee consists of five to fifteen members, selected at least once every year, to serve two-year terms. 

Being a part of the AffCom requires communication with volunteers all over the world, negotiating skills, cultural sensitivity, and the ability to understand legal texts. We look for a mix of different skill sets in our members. 

;Responsibilities

* Availability of up to 5-8 hours per month

* Participate in monthly one and two-hour voice/video meetings

* Commitment to carry out assigned tasks in a given time.

* Facilitate and support communications

* Affiliate Support and growth

;;Required and Recommended Abilities, Skills, Knowledge for Affiliations Committee Members
Strong interpersonal relationship among members of the committee and also with the Wikimedia community members. Across all committee members, there are additional relevant skills as well as requirements which help to support the committee and its sustainability which include both required and relevant general skills
 
;;;Required
* Fluency in English
* Availability of up to 5 hours per week, and the time to participate in a monthly one and two-hour voice/video meetings.
* Willingness to use one's real name in committee activities (including contacts with current and potential affiliates) when appropriate.
* Strong track record of effective collaboration
*  International orientation
 
;;;Relevant for all members
* Public Communications (English writing and speaking skills)
* Skills in other languages are a major plus.
* Understanding of the structure and work of affiliates and the Wikimedia Foundation.
* Documentation practices
* Interviewing experience
* Experience with, or in, an active affiliate is a major plus.
* Teamwork: Project and people management skills to coordinate and collaborate with different parties on a shared plan and see it through to completion.
* Problem-Solving: Ability to evaluate various solutions, consider multiple interests and points of view,  revisit unresolved issues, seek compromise and work and communicate across languages and cultures.
  
Given the expectations for maintaining the course in 2022 and preparing for potential 2022 transitions as part of the Movement Strategy implementation process, it is important that we are also clear about two different skill sets critical to committee support at this time. The first skillset is oriented to understanding affiliate dynamics and organizational development patterns to successfully process affiliate applications for recognition; the other is oriented to conflict prevention and intervention support for affiliates in conflict.
  
;;;Relevant to Affiliate Recognitions
* Administration &amp; Attention to detail
* Readiness to participate in political discussions on the role and future of affiliates, models of affiliation, and similar topics.
* Awareness of the affiliates ecosystem and models and understanding of community building, organizational development, and group dynamics
 
;;;Relevant to Conflict Prevention &amp; Intervention
* Communication skills for active listening, clear instruction and turn-taking. 
* Stress Management skills for maintaining patience and positivity 
* Emotional intelligence to maintain awareness of emotions of oneself and others to practice empathy, impartiality, and mutual respect.
* Facilitation, negotiation, and mediation skills to guide diverse individuals and groups toward cooperation.
* Ability to work within a team 
 
Do you have relevant skills and interest to support movement affiliates? 

We are looking for people who are excited by the challenge of empowering volunteers to get organized and form communities that further our mission around the world. In exchange, committee members will gain the experience of supporting their world-wide colleagues to develop their communities as well as personal development in guiding organizational development, facilitating affiliate partnerships, and professional communications.

;Selection process

As a reflection of our commitment to openness, transparency, and bilateral engagement with the Wikimedia community, the 2022 member selection process will include a public review and comment period and  a self-assessment survey for candidates to share their skills and their experience. This self-assessment information  will help the committee to identify the skill sets relevant and supportive to our affiliate support processes. We invite you to apply for membership to the committee and join us in supporting the affiliates. The data shared in the self-assessment will only be made available to the committee and the relevant staff support. The nomination, candidate Q&amp;A, and endorsements will still take place posted on Meta for public review at [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Candidates/January 2022|January 2022 page]]. Here the global community is welcome to provide comments and feedback about each candidate.

Once the nomination window closes 31 January 2022, the sitting members who are not candidates for re-election in this cycle will deliberate and then vote, taking into account all inputs from the meta page, self-assessment, advisors, Wikimedia Foundation staff and board liaisons, and committee member discussion. 

A final decision will be made in late-February 2022, with new members to be notified for onboarding in February.

;How to apply

If you are interested in joining the committee, please:

'''Step 1'''. Post your application [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Candidates/January 2022|on the nomination page]] by '''31 January 2022'''. Your application must include the following information:
# Your full name and Wikimedia username
# A statement describing your relevant education, experience, abilities, skills, knowledge, availability, and motivation for joining the committee.

'''Step 2'''. Complete the '''self-assessment survey''' between '''January 1, 2021''' and '''January 31, 2021.'''

* The privacy statement that applies to the survey can be found [[foundation:AffCom_Elections_Self-Assessment_Survey_Privacy_Statement|here]].
* '''''NOTE:''' The survey will take 15 mins. Please do not close your browser. If you need a break, you are advised to keep the browser open. In case of losing the link, please reach out to mkaur-ctr{{at}}wikimedia.org''
* This survey must be completed before Steps 3 &amp; 4, as it will provide more background as to the type of work and expectations of members of AffCom.

'''Step 3'''. Answers the following questions:

* '''''NOTE:'''''  Questions 1-3 are required for all candidates.

* Question 4 &amp; 5 should be answered by those interested in joining  the Recognitions subcommittee. 
* Question 6 &amp; 7 should be answered by those interested in joining the Conflicts Intervention subcommittee. 
* If you are willing to nominate yourself for both subcommittees, answer all questions.

# What roles have you served across any Wikimedia projects and affiliates that you think have prepared you for this role?
# AffCom members need to manage time, confidentiality, conflicts of interest, and diverse situations across the global movement. How do you envision managing these?
# Members of AffCom serve on one of two subcommittees: Recognitions OR Conflicts Intervention. Which one of these are you most interested in serving on?
#If you are interested in serving on the Recognitions subcommittee, what do you think makes a group of Wikimedians ready to function together as an affiliate?
#If you are interested in serving on the Recognitions subcommittee, what do you think are the benefits and responsibilities of functioning as formal affiliates?
#If you are interested in serving on the Conflicts Intervention subcommittee, please describe your experience working with conflicts resolution.
#If you are interested in serving on the Conflicts Intervention subcommittee, please describe how you have helped build consensus and support diversity.

'''Step 4'''. Once you have completed the above, send an email announcing your application to '''affcom{{@}}wikimedia.org''' before the application deadline.

If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact me and/or the committee as a whole. We are happy to chat or have a webinar call with anyone about our work if this helps them decide to apply. Please distribute this call among your networks, and do apply if you are interested!

On behalf of the committee,

--[[User:FULBERT|FULBERT]] ([[User talk:FULBERT|talk]]) 13:18, 19 December 2021 (UTC)
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== Affiliations Committee (AffCom) Call for advisors - January 2022 ==

''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Translations/Call for advisors 2022|Translations]] are available.''

The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]]''' – the committee responsible for guiding volunteers in establishing Wikimedia chapters, thematic organizations, and user groups – is looking for advisors!

The main role of the Affiliations Committee is to guide groups of volunteers that are interested in forming Wikimedia affiliates. We review applications from new groups, answer questions and provide advice about the different Wikimedia affiliation models and processes, review affiliate bylaws for compliance with requirements and best practices, and advise the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees on issues connected to chapters, thematic organizations and Wikimedia user groups.

We are looking for advisors who are excited by the challenge of empowering volunteers to get organized and form communities that further our mission around the world. In exchange, committee advisors selected will gain the experience of supporting their world-wide colleagues to develop their communities as well as personal development in guiding organizational development, facilitating affiliate partnerships, and professional communications.

AffCom advisors can engage with the committee in a variety of capacities:
;Consultant
Individuals with extensive movement experience can be engaged as Consultants for specific cases or initiatives by AffCom.
;Trainer
Individuals with specific expertise may be engaged for short-term projects for training AffCom or Affiliates. They might also lead the Capacity Building initiatives for AffCom or affiliates.
;Observer
AffCom can request specific or all advisors to act as an observer in different cases to ensure neutrality &amp; compliance with guidelines.
;AffCom Support
'''Development of Policies:''' While advisors cannot create legally binding policies for the committee, they can help create policies that provide direction and support for the committee.

'''Planning and Implementing Community Relations:''' The advisors are long-term wikimedians &amp; also include influential community leaders who can be effective at spreading the word about initiatives and services.

'''Supporting Subcommittees:''' The advisors can support subcommittees that have assigned tasks in specific areas.

'''Other Tasks:''' Advisors can be engaged to address a specific need. Such engagements are usually short-lived and are disbanded as soon as their specific goals are met. 


;Key skills

We look for a healthy mix of different skill sets in our advisors, including the following key skills and experience:
# Strong understanding of the structure and work of Wikimedia affiliates and the Wikimedia Foundation.
# Readiness to participate in political discussions on the role and future of affiliates, models of affiliation, and similar topics.
# Availability of up to 2 hours per week, and the time to participate in a monthly two-hour voice/video meeting
# International orientation and ability to work and communicate with other languages and cultures.
# Knowledge of different legal systems and experience in community building and organizing are a plus.
# Fluency in English is required; skills in other languages are a major plus.
# Experience with or in an active Wikimedia affiliate is a major plus.
# Strong track record of effective collaboration (such as evidenced skills at facilitation, mediation, negotiation, and so forth) is a major plus.
# Willingness to use one's real name in committee activities (including contacts with current and potential affiliates) when appropriate.

;Selection process

As a reflection of our commitment to openness, transparency, and bilateral engagement with the Wikimedia community, the 2022 advisors selection process will include a public review and comment period. All applications must be posted on Meta between '''January 01 and January 31, 2022''' at [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Advisors/2022| the nomination page]], and the community will be invited to provide comments and feedback about each candidate.  At the end of the nomination period, the applications will be voted on by the members of the committee, taking into account comments put forward by the committee's members, advisors, Wikimedia Foundation staff and board liaisons, and the community. A final decision will be made in February 2022, with new advisors expected to begin later that month.

;How to apply

If you are interested in advising the committee, please submit your candidacy on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Advisors/2022|the nomination page]] between January 01 to January 31, 2022. Your application must include the following information:
# Your full name and Wikimedia username
# A statement describing your relevant experience, skills, and motivation for joining the committee as an advisor.
# The advisor role you would like to serve
# Answers to the following three questions:
## How do you think affiliates work best together to partner on effective projects and initiatives?
## What do you see as the role of affiliates in the Wikimedia movement in the next three years?
## What do you feel you will bring as an advisor to the committee that makes you a uniquely qualified candidate?

If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact the committee. We are happy to chat or have a phone call with anyone about our work if this helps them decide to apply. Please distribute this call among your networks, and do apply if you are interested!

On behalf of the committee,

--[[User:FULBERT|FULBERT]] ([[User talk:FULBERT|talk]]) 13:17, 19 December 2021 (UTC)
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== Affiliations Committee (AffCom) Member &amp; Advisor Elections - Final Reminder for January 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Translations/Member &amp; Advisor elections final reminder for January 2022|Translations]] are available.''

This is a friendly reminder that the '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]]''' – which is responsible for guiding volunteers in establishing and sustaining Wikimedia chapters, thematic organizations, and user groups – is seeking new members and advisors! The deadline to post your application on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Candidates/January 2022|Member nomination page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Advisors/2022|Advisor nomination]] is 31 January 2022.

If you know somebody you think may be interested, please share  and encourage them to consider applying. If you have any questions please email affcom@wikimedia.org before the application deadline or reach out to any of the current members. Good luck to all the candidates!

On behalf of the committee,&lt;br&gt;
[[User:FULBERT|FULBERT]] ([[User talk:FULBERT|talk]]) 17:32, 25 January 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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:thank you Fulbert for the reminder [[User:Ferdinand IF99|Ferdinand IF99]] ([[User talk:Ferdinand IF99|talk]]) 05:35, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

== Campaigns Product Update #3 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! 

We are excited to share our updates:

*'''Proposal to create new namespaces''': We have proposed to create two namespaces, which are “'''Event'''” and “'''Event talk'''.” This way, we can easily create an Event Center that pulls data from event pages. This Event Center may include tools to create event pages with registration support, a calendar of events, and event statistics, among other features. More importantly, the Event Center will highlight organizing as an essential part of the Wikimedia movement. Please give us feedback on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296280 Phabricator] or [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_March_2022_update|Meta]] about our proposal to create two new namespaces.

*'''Engineering updates''': We are excited that we have finished hiring for our engineering team! Three engineers and an engineering manager have joined our team since our last update. In the last few months, they have conducted technical planning and launched the building phase of the project. They are now building the  registration tool. You can see the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|updated team on meta]].

*'''Design updates''': We conducted usability tests with a small group of testers for early feedback on the desktop wireframes. After collecting this feedback, we have developed a new version for desktop wireframes, which will be ready to share in the next few weeks. These desktop wireframes display the user flow of two experiences: one for organizers who want to add registration to their event pages, and another for participants who want to register for an event. Additionally, the design team is also currently working on the first version of mobile wireframes, which will be shared during the next office hour. 

::1. View the latest desktop wireframes in '''Figma''' for [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1899%3A44995&amp;scaling=min-zoom&amp;page-id=1472%3A36710&amp;starting-point-node-id=1899%3A44995&amp;show-proto-sidebar=1&amp;hide-ui=1 Campaign Organizer Prototype] and [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1998%3A49612&amp;scaling=min-zoom&amp;page-id=1472%3A36710&amp;starting-point-node-id=1998%3A49612&amp;show-proto-sidebar=1&amp;hide-ui=1 Participant Registration Prototype].
::2. [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_project_principles_&amp;_wireframes_(October_2021)|Leave us some feedback]] on the desktop wireframes. Note that we haven’t posted the newest version of the desktop wireframes on the project page yet, but we will soon (and you can feel free to add feedback on any version you have seen). 
 
*'''Ambassador updates''': Three product ambassadors for the Arabic, French and Swahili communities have now joined our team! They will help us collect feedback from Wikimedia communities about the project and understand the needs of organizers, through gathering first-hand information. These ambassadors are immersed as actual members of these communities, so they will also help us identify the needs of the organizers in our pilot communities. The ambassadors are: [[m:User:Bachounda (WMF)|'''M. Bachounda''']] for Arabic communities, [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|'''Georges Fodouop''']] for French communities, and [[m:User:AMtavangu (WMF)|'''Antoni Mtavangu''']] for Swahili communities. 

'''What is next?'''
:'''Next Office Hour''': We will be holding an office hour on '''March 31, 2022''' at 15:00 UTC, which will be conducted via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 '''Zoom''']. We invite everyone to attend, and we really hope to see you! The focus will be on the Registration Tool. The team will also be providing community updates on the usability test findings and design highlights for the wireframes. We will also share our current Project timeline and answer any questions you may have. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 03|Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!]]

:In a few months, we are expecting to have the early testable version of the tool. By then, the team will be doing the first round of general testing and gathering feedback. We are looking forward to adding more features on the tool such as communication support, potentially by the end of this year. If you know other organizers that might be interested in following these developments, please recommend that they [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|subscribe to the newsletter]]. We want to receive as much feedback as we can.

Thank you!


'''The Campaign Product Team'''
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:26, 22 March 2022 (UTC)
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== Campaign Product Team Office Hour - March 31, 2022 ==

Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers!

The Campaign Product Team will be hosting the next office hour  to share exciting updates on the Registration Tool and new proposed namespaces for events. We will also be sharing community updates on the usability tests and design highlights of the latest mobile and desktop wireframes. 

Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!

:Date: '''March 31, 2022'''
:Time: 15:00 UTC
:Zoom Link: https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320

You may also watch [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jT8fRUWjfI Campaigns Office Hour: Introducing the Campaigns Product Team] to learn more about the Team and the previous wireframes.

Feel free to send a message to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you want to receive an email reminder for this meeting.

Thank you.


'''The Campaign Product Team'''


[[Uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:37, 30 March 2022 (UTC)
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:Thank you very much, I will be on [[Uwukoresha:Ferdinand IF99|Ferdinand IF99]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:Ferdinand IF99|talk]]) 11:40, 18 July 2022 (UTC)

== Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test ==

Hello Subscribers!

[[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to:

* Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer)

* Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer)

* Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer)

* Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant)

You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates:

* Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC'''

* Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC'''

These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature.

Thank you!

&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt; [[Uwukoresha:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal (WMF)]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:IBrazal (WMF)|talk]]) 06:43, 18 July 2022 (UTC)

== Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 ==

Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers!


The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']].

You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. 

We look forward to your participation. 

Thank you.


Best,

The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']]

[[Uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:46, 21 July 2022 (UTC)
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== Campaigns Product Update #4 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers!
 
We are excited to share our updates:

*&lt;div style = &quot;text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;&gt;'''Event Registration v0'''&lt;/div&gt;

:We have successfully launched '''Event Registration tool V0''' on beta cluster and collected feedback from the first batch of testers. This tool is part of a more comprehensive organizing solution, the '''Event Center''', which hopes to support movement organizers. Through this registration solution, organizers can collect useful data on campaign participants and their needs while respecting participant privacy. 

:'''Testing update'''. In our first round of feedback collection, testers were composed of different types of organizers around the movement with a language focus on Arabic, French, English, and Swahili communities. Most of the testers successfully created their test event registrations and signed up for a test event registration created by other organizers. '''''Simple''''', '''''easy to use''''', and '''''aids in managing event participants''''' were the common feedback we received from first-time users. In contrast, access and proper localization of the tool were the points for improvement identified. We are working on V1, which will include '''communication support''' and integration with the [https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/ '''Programs and Event Dashboard''']. This will be released on Meta-Wiki soon. We hope to address accessibility during this launch and improve localization problems once the tool has been deployed in local wikiprojects. 

:[https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Main_Page ''The tool is still available for testing on the beta cluster'']. Feel free to leave feedback on our project talk page or this [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe53MNV9CKVBAF3SV2q97baufizH7b_2QJ47H1w0Upvoh4QFQ/viewform form].  

*&lt;div style = &quot;text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;&gt;'''Organizer Lab'''&lt;/div&gt; Looking for a way to learn how to effectively organize around sustainability? Join the beta version of the Organizer Lab on WikiLearn to understand how to effectively organize a global campaign around sustainability and climate change! Applications are open from '''September 22 - October 19, 2022'''.  The Organizer Lab will be a '''9-week online learning experience from the end of October until mid December''' that prepares participants to obtain knowledge about the topics that they wish to create, a call to action for strategic knowledge gaps, as well as more generalized Wikimedia organizing and campaign/event design skills. 
:[[m:Campaigns/Organizer_Lab|'''Read more about the program''']]!  
&lt;br&gt;
'''What's Next''':

*'''Organizer Lab Information Session'''. We invite you to join our information session for the Organizer Lab on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1664546421 '''September 30, 2022 at 14:00 UTC'''] via '''Zoom'''. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89032870014 ''Join this session!'']&lt;br&gt;

*'''Organizer User Rights'''. We are reaching out to a pool of administrators from Arabic, French and Swahili communities to collect feedback on what is the best way to define organizer user rights, what privileges to give to community organizers, and what are the limitations of these privileges. Feel free to reach out to our [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|product ambassadors]] or send an email to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you are interested to be part of these conversations.
&lt;br&gt;
----
'''Community Feedback''':
&lt;center&gt;''&quot;Participants have been always asking the organizers are asked by participants whether they are registered, now participants will just look directly if they are registered, Thank you for creating the system&quot;'' &lt;br&gt; - French Organizer &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

''“I think that the platform will facilitate the process of promoting events and searching for participants”''&lt;br&gt; - Arabic Organizer &lt;/center&gt;&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
Thank you!


'''The Campaigns Product Team'''
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|ikiyago]]) 06:30, 21 Nyakanga 2022 (UTC)
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== Campaigns Product Team Office Hour - December 2022 ==

Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers!

The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|Wikimedia Foundation Campaigns Team]] invites you to join our upcoming office hours. In each session, we will introduce V1 of [[m:Event Center/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], so you can begin '''using it for real events on Meta-wiki'''. &lt;br&gt;

In V1, the following new features will be includedː
* Support for the organizer to specify an event timezone
* Automatic confirmation emails after participants have registered
* Private registration: the option for participants to register and only display their registered username to organizers of the event and we will teach you how you can use it yourself.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;u&gt;'''Office Hour Sessions''':&lt;/u&gt;
* '''1st Session''': '''December 5, 2022''' @ '''18:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom]
* '''2nd Session''': '''December 10, 2022''' @ '''12:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom]
:[[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''''Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!''''']] 
&lt;br&gt;
These office hours will be multilingual, with live interpretations in Arabic, English, French, and Swahili.  Email us @ ''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org'' or [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''sign-up here''']]  if you want to receive a reminder for this meeting.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Thank you.

'''The Campaigns Product Team'''
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== This Month in Education: End of the 2022 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 11 • Issue 10 • October–November 2022&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/End of the 2022|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/End of the 2022/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2022/2nd Latin American Regional Meeting on Education|2nd Latin American Regional Meeting on Education]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2022/Adopting Wikipedia for Secondary School Students in Nigeria Classroom|Adopting Wikipedia for Secondary School Students in Nigeria Classroom]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2022/Celebrating 2022 Vibrance in Kwara State University Malete|Celebrating 2022 Vibrance in Kwara State University Malete]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2022/Celebrating the Wikipedia and Wikidata Birthday in school|Celebrating the Wikipedia and Wikidata Birthday in school]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2022/Report on school libraries in Poland for the Wikiteka project|Report on school libraries in Poland for the Wikiteka project]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2022/Wiki For Senior Citizens Network|Wiki For Senior Citizens Network]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2022/WikiEducation, Educational practices and experiences in Mexico with Wikipedia and other open resources|WikiEducation, Educational practices and experiences in Mexico with Wikipedia and other open resources]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2022/Wikimedia &amp; Education Workshops: a Wiki Movimento Brasil initiative|Wikimedia &amp; Education Workshops: a Wiki Movimento Brasil initiative]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2022/An event at the National History Museum in Tirana|An event at the National History Museum in Tirana]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2022/Students 24-hour competition on Wikipedia article writing|Students 24-hour competition on Wikipedia article writing]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2022/Wiki-Data a Giant at 10|Wiki-Data a Giant at 10]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2022/WikiGraphers: Visualizing Open Knowledge|WikiGraphers: Visualizing Open Knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2022/Wikimedia Israel’s Educational Innovation: “Students Write Wikipedia” as a Matriculation-Exam Alternative|Wikimedia Israel’s Educational Innovation: “Students Write Wikipedia” as a Matriculation-Exam Alternative]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2022/Wikimedia Morocco User Group Empowers Moroccan Teachers to Use Wikipedia in the Classroom |Wikimedia Morocco User Group Empowers Moroccan Teachers to Use Wikipedia in the Classroom]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2022/Wikimedia Russia has released the &quot;Introduction to Wikipedia&quot; textbook|Wikimedia Russia has released the &quot;Introduction to Wikipedia&quot; textbook]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2022/“Wikipedia for School” contest was held in Ukraine for the third time|“Wikipedia for School” contest was held in Ukraine for the third time]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2022/Announcing the Wikipedia &amp; Education User Group Election Results|Announcing the Wikipedia &amp; Education User Group Election Results]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 06:56, 19 Kigarama 2022 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: January 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 1 • January 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2023/Educational Projects 2023-1 in Mexico|Educational Projects 2023-1 in Mexico]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2023/Integration of Wikipedia in Ukrainian universities – teacher-led and student-led|Integration of Wikipedia in Ukrainian universities – teacher-led and student-led]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2023/Transitional Justice in Kosovo edit-a-thon and Partnership with Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering - University of Prishtina|Transitional Justice in Kosovo edit-a-thon and Partnership with Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering - University of Prishtina]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2023/Wikidata Citation Hunt Program for secondary school students, Dubai|Wikidata Citation Hunt Program for secondary school students, Dubai]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2023/Wikipedia edit-a-thon with students from Art Faculty - University of Prishtina|Wikipedia edit-a-thon with students from Art Faculty - University of Prishtina]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2023/Тeacher from Belgrade got a reward for using Wikibooks in teaching|Тeacher from Belgrade got a reward for using Wikibooks in teaching]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 17:32, 6 Ruhuhuma 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: February 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 2 • February 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2023/A Strategic Direction for a Massive Online Course for Educators in Brazil|A Strategic Direction for a Massive Online Course for Educators in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2023/Alliance Funding for Wikipedia as a school resource in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland, New Zealand|Alliance Funding for Wikipedia as a school resource in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland, New Zealand]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2023/Call for Submissions to Wiki Workshop 2023|Call for Submissions to Wiki Workshop 2023]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2023/Collaboration with Charles University on the creation of Czech Wikipedia started in January|Collaboration with Charles University on the creation of Czech Wikipedia started in January]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2023/Open Education Week 2023 in the Wikimedia Mexico Education Program|Open Education Week 2023 in the Wikimedia Mexico Education Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2023/Wikiclubs with different schools in Albania |Wikiclubs with different schools in Albania]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 21:08, 12 Ntwarante 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: March 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 3 • March 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Audio-seminar project of the Wikimedia Mexico Education Program|Audio-seminar project of the Wikimedia Mexico Education Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Empowering Nigerian Female Artists: Through Art &amp; Feminism Edith-A-Thon at KWASU Fan Club|Empowering Nigerian Female Artists: Through Art &amp; Feminism Edith-A-Thon at KWASU Fan Club]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Exploring How Wikipedia Works|Exploring How Wikipedia Works]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Florida graduate students complete Library History edit-a-thon for credit|Florida graduate students complete Library History edit-a-thon for credit]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Improving hearing health content in Brazil|Improving hearing health content in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Media Literacy Portal to become a key resource for media education in Czech Libraries |Media Literacy Portal to become a key resource for media education in Czech Libraries]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Wikeys in the Albanian language|Wikeys in the Albanian language]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Wikimarathon is an opportunity to involve students and teachers in creating and editing articles in Wikipedia|Wikimarathon is an opportunity to involve students and teachers in creating and editing articles in Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Wikimedia Polska short report|Wikimedia Polska short report]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2023/Wikimedia Serbia participated in the State Seminar of the The Mathematical Society of Serbia|Wikimedia Serbia participated in the State Seminar of the The Mathematical Society of Serbia]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 18:45, 8 Ndamukiza 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: April 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 4 • April 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Auckland Museum Alliance fund project update|Auckland Museum Alliance fund project update]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Introducing Wikipedia to Kusaal Language Teachers|Introducing Wikipedia to Kusaal Language Teachers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/KWASU Fan Club Leads the Way in 21st Century Learning with Wiki in School Program|KWASU Fan Club Leads the Way in 21st Century Learning with Wiki in School Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/On-line Courses for Educators in Poland|On-line Courses for Educators in Poland]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Online meeting of Ukrainian educators working with Wikipedia – four perspectives|Online meeting of Ukrainian educators working with Wikipedia – four perspectives]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Wikiclubs Editathon in Elbasan, Albania |Wikiclubs Editathon in Elbasan, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Wikipedia at the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad|Wikipedia at the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Wikipedia at the University of Łódź Information Management Conference|Wikipedia at the University of Łódź Information Management Conference]]
&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: April 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 4 • April 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Auckland Museum Alliance fund project update|Auckland Museum Alliance fund project update]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Introducing Wikipedia to Kusaal Language Teachers|Introducing Wikipedia to Kusaal Language Teachers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/KWASU Fan Club Leads the Way in 21st Century Learning with Wiki in School Program|KWASU Fan Club Leads the Way in 21st Century Learning with Wiki in School Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/On-line Courses for Educators in Poland|On-line Courses for Educators in Poland]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Online meeting of Ukrainian educators working with Wikipedia – four perspectives|Online meeting of Ukrainian educators working with Wikipedia – four perspectives]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Wikiclubs Editathon in Elbasan, Albania |Wikiclubs Editathon in Elbasan, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Wikipedia at the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad|Wikipedia at the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2023/Wikipedia at the University of Łódź Information Management Conference|Wikipedia at the University of Łódź Information Management Conference]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 05:07, 24 Rusama 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: June 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 5 • June 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/Africa Day 2023: Abuja Teachers celebrates|Africa Day 2023: Abuja Teachers celebrates]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/From editing articles to civic power – Wikimedia UK's research on democracy and Wikipedia|From editing articles to civic power – Wikimedia UK's research on democracy and Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Program in Yemen Brings Positive Impact to Yemeni Teachers|Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Program in Yemen Brings Positive Impact to Yemeni Teachers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/Using Wikipedia in education: students' and teachers' view|Using Wikipedia in education: students' and teachers' view]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/The Journey of Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Lagos State|The Journey of Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Lagos State]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/WMB goes to Serbia |WMB goes to Serbia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2023/But we don't want it to end!|But we don't want it to end!]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 08:44, 4 Mukakaro 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: July 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 7 • July 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Wikimedia Kaduna Connect Campaign|Wikimedia Kaduna Connect Campaign]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Wikimedia Serbia published a paper Promoting Equity in Access to Open Knowledge: An Example of the Wikipedia Educational Program|Wikimedia Serbia published a paper Promoting Equity in Access to Open Knowledge: An Example of the Wikipedia Educational Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Wikimedia and Education Kailali Multiple campus|Wikimedia and Education Kailali Multiple campus]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/WikiCamp in Istog, Kosovo: Promoting Knowledge and Nature Appreciation|WikiCamp in Istog, Kosovo: Promoting Knowledge and Nature Appreciation]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Wiki at the Brazilian National History Symposium|Wiki at the Brazilian National History Symposium]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/US &amp; Canada program reaches 100M words added |US &amp; Canada program reaches 100M words added]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Renewed Community Wikiconference brought together experienced Wikipedians and newcomers|Renewed Community Wikiconference brought together experienced Wikipedians and newcomers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Kusaal Wikipedia Workshop at Ajumako Campus, University of Education, Winneba|Kusaal Wikipedia Workshop at Ajumako Campus, University of Education, Winneba]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Join us to celebrate the Kiwix4Schools Africa Mentorship Program Graduation Ceremony|Join us to celebrate the Kiwix4Schools Africa Mentorship Program Graduation Ceremony]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/Activities that took place during the presentation of the WikiEducation book|Activities that took place during the presentation of the WikiEducation book. Educational practices and experiences in Mexico with Wikipedia and other open resources in Xalala, Veracruz from the Wikimedia Mexico Education Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/62+ Participants Graduates from the Kiwix4Schools Africa Mentorship Program|62+ Participants Graduates from the Kiwix4Schools Africa Mentorship Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/“Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” course launched in Ukraine|“Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” course launched in Ukraine]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2023/OFWA and Goethe Institute Host Wiki Skills For Librarians Workshop-Ghana|OFWA and Goethe Institute Host Wiki Skills For Librarians Workshop-Ghana]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:33, 14 Myandagaro 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== Organizer Tools Office Hours &amp; Event Discovery Project ==

('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/fr|Lire ce message en français]])'''; ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/es|Ver este mensaje en español]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/sw|Angalia ujumbe huu kwa Kiswahili]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/ar|إقرأ هذه الرسالة بالعربي]]''') &lt;small&gt; {{int:please-translate}} &lt;/small&gt;.

[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team|The Campaigns team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation has some updates to share with you, which are:

We invite you to attend our upcoming community office hours to learn about organizer tools, including the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration|Event registration tool]] (which has [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#September 18, 2023: October office hours &amp; upcoming features|new and upcoming features]]). '''The office hours are on the following dates, and you can join one or both of them:'''

*'''Saturday, October 7 at 12:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session A|Register here]]''')   
**Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Swahili
*'''Tuesday, October 10 at 18:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session B|Register here]]'''). 
**Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Swahili

'''We have launched a new project: [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|Event Discovery]]'''.  This project aims to make it easier for editors to learn about campaign events. '''We need your help to understand how you would like to discover events on the wikis, so that we can create a useful solution. Please share your feedback on our [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|project talk page]]'''.

; Thank you, and we hope to see you at the upcoming office hours! 
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]])   19:54, 24 Nyakanga 2023 (UTC)

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== This Month in Education: September 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 7 • September 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Inauguration of the Kent Wiki Club at the Wikimania 2023 Conference|Inauguration of the Kent Wiki Club at the Wikimania 2023 Conference]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Letter Magic: Supercharging Your WikiEducation Programs|Letter Magic: Supercharging Your WikiEducation Programs]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Réseau @pprendre (Learning Network) : The Initiative for Educational Change in Francophone West Africa|Réseau @pprendre (Learning Network) : The Initiative for Educational Change in Francophone West Africa]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/WikiChallenge Ecoles d’Afrique closes its 5th edition with 13 winning schools|WikiChallenge Ecoles d’Afrique closes its 5th edition with 13 winning schools]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/WikiConecta: connecting Brazilian university professors and Wikimedia|WikiConecta: connecting Brazilian university professors and Wikimedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Wikimedia Germany launches interactive event series Open Source AI in Education |Wikimedia Germany launches interactive event series Open Source AI in Education]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 05:01, 10 Gitugutu 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: October 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Volume 12 • Issue 8 • October 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/3 Generations at Wikipedia Education Program in Türkiye|3 Generations at Wikipedia Education Program in Türkiye]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/CBSUA Launches Wiki Education in Partnership with PhilWiki Community and Bikol Wikipedia Community|CBSUA Launches Wiki Education in Partnership with PhilWiki Community and Bikol Wikipedia Community]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Celebrating Wikidata’s Birthday in Elbasan|Celebrating Wikidata’s Birthday in Elbasan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Edu Wiki Camp 2023 - together in Sremski Karlovci|Edu Wiki Camp 2023 - together in Sremski Karlovci]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/PhilWiki Community promotes language preservation and cultural heritage advocacies at ADNU|PhilWiki Community promotes language preservation and cultural heritage advocacies at ADNU]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/PunjabWiki Education Program: A Wikipedia Adventure in Punjab|PunjabWiki Education Program: A Wikipedia Adventure in Punjab]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/WikiConference on Education ignites formation of Wikimedia communities|WikiConference on Education ignites formation of Wikimedia communities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Wikimedia Estonia talked about education at CEE meeting in Tbilisi|Wikimedia Estonia talked about education at CEE meeting in Tbilisi]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Wikimedia in Brazil is going to be a book|Wikimedia in Brazil is going to be a book]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Wikipedian Editor Project: Arabic Sounds Workshop 2023|Wikipedian Editor Project: Arabic Sounds Workshop 2023]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 11:34, 8 Munyonyo 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: November 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 9 • November 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/4th WikiUNAM Editathon: Community knowledge strengthens education|4th WikiUNAM Editathon: Community knowledge strengthens education]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Edit-a-thon at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo|Edit-a-thon at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/EduWiki Nigeria Community: Embracing Digital Learning Through Wikipedia|EduWiki Nigeria Community: Embracing Digital Learning Through Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Evening Wikischool offers Czech seniors further education on Wikipedia|Evening Wikischool offers Czech seniors further education on Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Expansion of Wikipedia Education Program through Student Associations at Iranian Universities|Expansion of Wikipedia Education Program through Student Associations at Iranian Universities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Exploring Wikipedia through Wikiclubs and the Wikeys board game in Albania |Exploring Wikipedia through Wikiclubs and the Wikeys board game in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/First anniversary of the game Wikeys|First anniversary of the game Wikeys]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Involve visiting students in education programs|Involve visiting students in education programs]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Iranian Students as Wikipedians: Using Wikipedia to Teach Research Methodology and Encyclopedic Writing|Iranian Students as Wikipedians: Using Wikipedia to Teach Research Methodology and Encyclopedic Writing]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Kiwix4Schools Nigeria: Bridging Knowledge Gap through Digital Literacy|Kiwix4Schools Nigeria: Bridging Knowledge Gap through Digital Literacy]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Lire wikipedia en classe à Djougou au Bénin|Lire wikipedia en classe à Djougou au Bénin]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Tyap Wikimedians Zaria Outreach|Tyap Wikimedians Zaria Outreach]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Art Outreach at Aje Compreshensive Senior High School 1st November 2023, Lagos Mainland|Art Outreach at Aje Comprehensive Senior High School 1st November 2023, Lagos Mainland]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/PhilWiki Community holds a meet-up to advocate women empowerment|PhilWiki Community holds a meet-up to advocate women empowerment]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 08:24, 14 Kigarama 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: January 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 1 • January 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Cross-Continental Wikimedia Activities: A Dialogue between Malaysia and Estonia|Cross-Continental Wikimedia Activities: A Dialogue between Malaysia and Estonia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Czech programme SWW in 2023 – how have we managed to engage students|Czech programme SWW in 2023 – how have we managed to engage students]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Extending Updates on Wikipedia in Education – Elbasan, Albania|Extending Updates on Wikipedia in Education – Elbasan, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Teacher’s guide – now available in Bulgarian language|Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Teacher’s guide – now available in Bulgarian language]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Summer students at Auckland Museum|Summer students at Auckland Museum]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/WikiDunong: EduWiki Initiatives in the Philippines Project|WikiDunong: EduWiki Initiatives in the Philippines Project]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Wikimedia Armenia's Educational Workshops|Wikimedia Armenia's Educational Workshops]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Wikimedia Foundation publishes its first Child Rights Impact Assessment|Wikimedia Foundation publishes its first Child Rights Impact Assessment]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 10:02, 10 Ruhuhuma 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: February 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 2 • February 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/2 new courses in Students Write Wikipedia Starting this February|2 new courses in Students Write Wikipedia Starting this February]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/More two wiki-education partnerships|More two wiki-education partnerships]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Open Education Week 2024 in Mexico|Open Education Week 2024 in Mexico]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Reading Wikipedia in Bolivia, the community grows|Reading Wikipedia in Bolivia, the community grows]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Wiki Education Philippines promotes OERs utilization|Wiki Education Philippines promotes OERs utilization]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Wiki Loves Librarians, Kaduna|Wiki Loves Librarians, Kaduna]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Wiki Workshop 2024 CfP - Call for Papers Research track|Wiki Workshop 2024 CfP – Call for Papers Research track]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 18:38, 20 Ntwarante 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2024)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Group photo - Edu Wiki conference 2023, Belgrade, Serbia.jpg|256px|right|thumb|Group photo of the 2023 EduWiki Conference in Belgrade, organized by Wikipedia &amp; Education User Group]]

&lt;small&gt;''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''&lt;/small&gt;

Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]].

&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:1;&quot;&gt;
'''Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#Affiliate_Recognition_and_Derecognition|Recognition of Cyprus, Botswana, Niger, and Telugu user groups]]

'''Affiliate Activities Report''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#Affiliate_Activities_Report|Reports from Belgium, South African, and Ukrainian chapters]]

'''AffCom Movement Contribution''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement with the new Affiliates Strategy and Movement Charter drafts]]

'''AffCom Administration''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#AffCom_Administration|New AffCom members and advisors]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; &quot;&gt;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|ikiyago]]) 12:56, 18 Ndamukiza 2024 (UTC)
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== This Month in Education: March 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 3 • March 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Reading Wikipedia in the classroom, Kaduna|Reading Wikipedia in the classroom, Kaduna]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Reading Wikipedia in Ukraine – the course for educators is now available on demand|Reading Wikipedia in Ukraine – the course for educators is now available on demand]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Wiki Movement Brazil will once again support the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad|Wiki Movement Brazil will once again support the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Wikipedia within the Education Setting in Albania|Wikipedia within the Education Setting in Albania]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 07:28, 28 Ndamukiza 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: April 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 4 • April 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/EduWiki Updates From Uganda|EduWiki Updates From Uganda]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/Good news from Bolivia: Reading Wikipedia Program continues in 2024|Good news from Bolivia: Reading Wikipedia Program continues in 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/Hearing Health Project: Impactful partnership with Wiki Movement Brazil|Hearing Health Project: Impactful partnership with Wiki Movement Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/Wikimedia Spain, Amical Wikimedia and the University of Valencia develop Wikipedia educational project|Wikimedia Spain, Amical Wikimedia and the University of Valencia develop Wikipedia educational project]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 03:20, 14 Rusama 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: May 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 5 • May 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Albania - Georgia Wikimedia Cooperation 2024|Albania - Georgia Wikimedia Cooperation 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Aleksandër Xhuvani University Editathon in Elbasan|Aleksandër Xhuvani University Editathon in Elbasan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Central Bicol State University of Agriculture LitFest features translation and article writing on Wikipedia|Central Bicol State University of Agriculture LitFest features translation and article writing on Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Empowering Youth Council in Bulqiza through editathons|Empowering Youth Council in Bulqiza through editathons]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/We left a piece of our hearts at Arhavi|We left a piece of our hearts at Arhavi]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Wiki Movimento Brasil at Tech Week and Education Speaker Series |Wiki Movimento Brasil at Tech Week and Education Speaker Series]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Wikimedia MKD trains new users in collaboration with MYLA|Wikimedia MKD trains new users in collaboration with MYLA]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 13:30, 15 Ruheshi 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: June 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 6 • June 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/From a Language Teacher to a Library Support Staff: The Wikimedia Effect|From a Language Teacher to a Library Support Staff: The Wikimedia Effect]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/5th WikiEducation 2024 Conference in Mexico|5th WikiEducation 2024 Conference in Mexico]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Lviv hosted a spring wikischool for Ukrainian high school students|Lviv hosted a spring wikischool for Ukrainian high school students]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/First class of teachers graduated from Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom 2024|First class of teachers graduated from Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Empowering Digital Citizenship: Unlocking the Power of Open Knowledge with Participants of the LIFE Legacy|Empowering Digital Citizenship: Unlocking the Power of Open Knowledge with Participants of the LIFE Legacy]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Wiki Movimento Brazil supports online and in-person courses and launches material to guide educators in using Wikimedia projects |Wiki Movimento Brazil supports online and in-person courses and launches material to guide educators in using Wikimedia projects]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Where to find images for free? Webinar for librarians answered many questions|Where to find images for free? Webinar for librarians answered many questions]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Wikimedia MKD and University of Goce Delchev start a mutual collaboration|Wikimedia MKD and University of Goce Delchev start a mutual collaboration]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 06:58, 9 Mukakaro 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Affiliations Committee News (April-June 2024)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia-Summit-2024-Friday-128.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom group photo at Wikimedia Summit 2024 in Berlin, Germany]]
&lt;small&gt;''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 2|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 2}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''&lt;/small&gt;

Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]].

&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:1;&quot;&gt;Affiliates Strategy Updates: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Adoption of a new affiliate health criteria and changes to User Groups recognition process]]

Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Madagascar, Senegal, Republic of Congo, and Namibia user groups]]

Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]]

AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Six active conflicts, no new reports for Q4]]

AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimedia Summit and ESEAP Conference]]

AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom_Administration|Officers elections and departing members]]

Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Upcoming AffCom Events|AffCom at Wikimania 2024]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; &quot;&gt;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|ikiyago]]) 15:30, 15 Mukakaro 2024 (UTC)
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== This Month in Education: August 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 7 • August 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Cross-Cultural Knowledge Sharing: Wikipedia's New Frontier at University of Tehran|Cross-Cultural Knowledge Sharing: Wikipedia's New Frontier at University of Tehran]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Let's Read Wikipedia in Bolivia reaches teachers in Cochabamba|Let's Read Wikipedia in Bolivia reaches teachers in Cochabamba]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Results of the 2023 “Wikipedia for School” Contest in Ukraine|Results of the 2023 “Wikipedia for School” Contest in Ukraine]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Edu Wiki Camp in Serbia, 2024|Edu Wiki Camp in Serbia, 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Wikimedia Human Rights Month this year engaged schools in large amount|Wikimedia Human Rights Month this year engaged schools in large amount]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Strengthening Education Programs at Wikimania 2024: A Global Leap in Collaborative Learning|Strengthening Education Programs at Wikimania 2024: A Global Leap in Collaborative Learning]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Wiki Education programs are featured in a scientific outreach magazine, and Wiki Movimento Brasil offers training for researchers in the Amazon|Wiki Education programs are featured in a scientific outreach magazine, and Wiki Movimento Brasil offers training for researchers in the Amazon]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Wiki Movimento Brasil aims to adapt a game about Wikipedia, organize an academic event for scientific dissemination, and host the XXXIII Wiki-Education Workshop|Wiki Movimento Brasil aims to adapt a game about Wikipedia, organize an academic event for scientific dissemination, and host the XXXIII Wiki-Education Workshop]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 13:22, 11 Nyakanga 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Affiliations Committee News (July-September 2024)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Wikimania 2024 - Lviv - Day 3 - AffCom meets community.webm|256px|right|thumb|AffCom session at Wikimania 2024]]
&lt;small&gt;''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 3|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 3}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''&lt;/small&gt;

Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]].

&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:1;&quot;&gt;Affiliates Strategy Update: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Implementation status of a new affiliate health criteria and changes to User Groups recognition process]]

Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Togo, Wayúu, and Singapore user groups]]

Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]]

AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]]

AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimania]]

AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Results of the officers elections]]

Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Upcoming AffCom Events|AffCom at WikiIndaba and a strategy meetup]]

Other Movement News: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Other_Movement_News|Regional conferences, mental health support, and new committee support inbox]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; &quot;&gt;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

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== This Month in Education: October 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 8 • October 2024&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/CBSUA Wiki Education turns 1 year|CBSUA Wiki Education turns 1 year]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/7th Senior WikiTown took place in Becov nad Teplou, Czech Republic|7th Senior WikiTown took place in Becov nad Teplou, Czech Republic]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Edit-a-thon about Modern Architecture in Kosovo|Edit-a-thon about Modern Architecture in Kosovo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Edu_Wiki_in_South_Sudan:_Creating_a_better_future_in_education|Empowering Digital Literacy through Wikimedia in South Sudan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Many new articles and contributions in September and October for Wikimedia MKD|Many new articles and contributions in September and October for Wikimedia MKD]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/New Record: 5 Events in Municipal Library within a Month |New Record: 5 Events in Municipal Library within a Month]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Wiki-Education programs in Brazil are centered around the Wikidata and Wikisource platforms|Wiki-Education programs in Brazil are centered around the Wikidata and Wikisource platforms]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/WikiChallenge African Schools wins the “Open Pedagogy” Award 2024 from OE Global|WikiChallenge African Schools wins the “Open Pedagogy” Award 2024 from OE Global]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Wikipedia helps in improving cognitive skills|Wikipedia helps in improving cognitive skills]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Wikipedia in Graduate Studies: Expanding Research Impact|Wikipedia in Graduate Studies: Expanding Research Impact]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/WiLMa PH establishes a Wiki Club|WiLMa PH establishes a Wiki Club]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 14:57, 12 Munyonyo 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: November 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 9 • November 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Auckland Museum Wikipedia Student Programme|Auckland Museum Wikipedia Student Programme]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Citizenship and free knowledge on Wikipedia in Albanian language|Citizenship and free knowledge on Wikipedia in Albanian language]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Engaging students with Wikipedia and Wikidata at Hasanuddin University’s Wikimedia Week|Engaging students with Wikipedia and Wikidata at Hasanuddin University’s Wikimedia Week]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Minigrant initiative by empowering the Rrëshen community in Albania|Minigrant initiative by empowering the Rrëshen community in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikidata birthday in Albania, 2024|Wikidata birthday in Albania, 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikidata birthday in School |Wikidata birthday in School]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikimedia Education Workshop at Lumbini Technological University|Wikimedia Education Workshop at Lumbini Technological University]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikimedia MKD's new collaborations and new content|Wikimedia MKD's new collaborations and new content]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Improving Historical Knowledge on Persian Wikipedia through a continuous Wikimedia Education Program: Shahid Beheshti University Wikipedia Education Program|Improving Historical Knowledge on Persian Wikipedia through a continuous Wikimedia Education Program: Shahid Beheshti University Wikipedia Education Program]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:13, 10 Kigarama 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Affiliations Committee News (October-December 2024)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Affiliations Committee 2024 05.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom at its Strategic Retreat in Frankfurt]]
&lt;small&gt;''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''&lt;/small&gt;

Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]].

&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:1;&quot;&gt;Affiliates Strategy Update: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Notes from the 2024 AffCom strategic retreat]]

Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|User group application pause lifted]]

Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]]

AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]]

AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue4_#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at WikiIndaba]]

AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Mari Avetisyan appointed new AffCom secretary]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; &quot;&gt;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|ikiyago]]) 03:04, 5 Ruhuhuma 2025 (UTC)
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== This Month in Education: January 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 1 • January 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Advancing Education Pillar in Kosovo: 2024 Journey|Advancing Education Pillar in Kosovo: 2024 Journey]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Auckland Museum Wikipedia Students Making Progress|Auckland Museum Wikipedia Students Making Progress]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Celebrating 10 Years of Wiki Education|Celebrating 10 Years of Wiki Education]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Empowering Multilingual Students: Expanding Wikipedia Through Collaboration of foreign languages faculty's students of the University of Tehran|Empowering Multilingual Students: Expanding Wikipedia Through Collaboration of foreign languages faculty's students of the University of Tehran]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Ensuring accurate and authentic information with 1Lib1Ref Campaign in Anambra|Ensuring accurate and authentic information with 1Lib1Ref Campaign in Anambra]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Experiences of Wikipedia in the classroom with a gender perspective in Monterrey |Experiences of Wikipedia in the classroom with a gender perspective in Monterrey]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Fine Arts University Students exploring Wikipedia in Tirana, Albania|Fine Arts University Students exploring Wikipedia in Tirana, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Lviv hosted Ukraine’s first student photo walk for Wikipedia|Lviv hosted Ukraine’s first student photo walk for Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Many new trained volunteers and new articles at the end of the year in Macedonia|Many new trained volunteers and new articles at the end of the year in Macedonia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Wikimedia and Scientific Events in Brazil|Wikimedia and Scientific Events in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Wiki Workshop- Call for Contributions|Wiki Workshop- Call for Contributions]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:56, 5 Ruhuhuma 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: February 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 2 • February 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Activities series at the Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania|Activities series at the Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wikimedia Brazil has formed a partnership with a public policy research institute|Wikimedia Brazil has formed a partnership with a public policy research institute]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Preserving Heritage: Tuluvas Aati Month Educational Wikimedia Programs|Preserving Heritage: Tuluvas Aati Month Educational Wikimedia Programs]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Reflecting on our Past: Farewell to the Auckland Museum Summer Students|Reflecting on our Past: Farewell to the Auckland Museum Summer Students]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Successful Conclusion of the Second Phase of &quot;Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom&quot; in Yemen|Successful Conclusion of the Second Phase of &quot;Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom&quot; in Yemen]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wiki Workshop in Mitrovica |Wiki Workshop in Mitrovica]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wikimedia MKD' Education: Lots of new trained users, lots of new articles|Wikimedia MKD' Education: Lots of new trained users, lots of new articles]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wikimedia Serbia receives accreditation from the National Library of Serbia for the Wiki Senior seminar|Wikimedia Serbia receives accreditation from the National Library of Serbia for the Wiki Senior seminar]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 09:04, 12 Ntwarante 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: March 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 3 • March 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/A Whole New World: Research Findings on New Editor Integration in Serbian Wikipedia|A Whole New World: Research Findings on New Editor Integration in Serbian Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Bolivia: a new round of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia|Bolivia: a new round of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Faculty of Social Sciences Workshop in Albania|Faculty of Social Sciences Workshop in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Lots of contributions and trainings as part of Wikimedia MKD's Education Programme|Lots of contributions and trainings as part of Wikimedia MKD's Education Programme]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Wikimedia organized multiple events of science and education in Brazil during the month of March|Wikimedia organized multiple events of science and education in Brazil during the month of March]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:04, 10 Ndamukiza 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2025)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:WMB meeting in Belo Horizonte in 2023 (day 02) 059.jpg|256px|right|thumb|Wikimedia Brasil, the latest chapter to be recognized by AffCom]]
&lt;small&gt;''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''&lt;/small&gt;

Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]].

&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:1;&quot;&gt;
Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Brasil and four user groups]]

Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]]

AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]]

AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 5#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimedia+Libraries and Wikisource conferences]]

AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Welcoming new AffCom voting and advisory members]]

Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Upcoming_AffCom_Events|AffCom at ESEAP Strategy Summit]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; &quot;&gt;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|ikiyago]]) 01:30, 26 Ndamukiza 2025 (UTC)
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== This Month in Education: April 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 4 • April 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Ceremony of giving certificates and awarding the winners of the edit-a-thon: Meet Slovenia|Ceremony of giving certificates and awarding the winners of the edit-a-thon: Meet Slovenia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/The Workshops Wikimedia &amp; Education are back in Brazil|The Workshops Wikimedia &amp; Education are back in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/EduWiki Nigeria: Advancing Digital Literacy in Schools|EduWiki Nigeria: Advancing Digital Literacy in Schools]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Empowering the Next Generation: Wikidata Training at Federal Government Boys College, FGBC Abuja|Empowering the Next Generation: Wikidata Training at Federal Government Boys College, FGBC Abuja]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Final Wikipedia project with Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania|Final Wikipedia project with Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Teachers who graduated from the Leamos Wikipedia program in Bolivia become mentors for their colleagues |Teachers who graduated from the Leamos Wikipedia program in Bolivia become mentors for their colleagues]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Wikivoyage in Has region, Northern Albania|Wikivoyage in Has region, Northern Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Wikivoyage workshop in Bulqiza|Wikivoyage workshop in Bulqiza]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 02:49, 10 Rusama 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: May 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 5 • May 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Journalism students at Aleksandër Xhuvani University explore Wikipedia in Albania|Journalism students at Aleksandër Xhuvani University explore Wikipedia in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Reviewing pending articles editathon with high school students in Albania|Reviewing pending articles editathon with high school students in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Several educational workshops to promote science on Wiki were held in Brazil in the month of May|Several educational workshops to promote science on Wiki were held in Brazil in the month of May]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Simón Bolívar Teacher Training College joins the Let's Read Wikipedia Program|Simón Bolívar Teacher Training College joins the Let's Read Wikipedia Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Students become Editors: Wikimedia Chile launches Latin America's first Vikidia Workshop|Students become Editors: Wikimedia Chile launches Latin America's first Vikidia Workshop]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/The DemocraTICon competition was held, this year for the first time with a discipline focused on Wikipedia |The DemocraTICon competition was held, this year for the first time with a discipline focused on Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Wikimedia MKD's &quot;Lajka&quot; workshop in Skopje|Wikimedia MKD's &quot;Lajka&quot; workshop in Skopje]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 02:58, 28 Rusama 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: June 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 6 • June 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Albanian high school students at the Wikimedia Youth Conference 2025 in Prague|Albanian high school students at the Wikimedia Youth Conference 2025 in Prague]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Bolivia has 20 new teachers graduated from the Let's Read Wikipedia in the Classroom program|Bolivia has 20 new teachers graduated from the Let's Read Wikipedia in the Classroom program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Brazil was present at the EduWiki Conference 2025 in Bogota|Brazil was present at the EduWiki Conference 2025 in Bogota]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Does Wikipedia has future in the times of Chat-GPT|Does Wikipedia has future in the times of Chat-GPT]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/PhilWiki Community promotes accessible multilingual stories for children|PhilWiki Community promotes accessible multilingual stories for children]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Reading and Editing Wikipedia in a Bangladeshi College|Reading and Editing Wikipedia in a Bangladeshi College]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Wikimedia MKD's Workshops in June|Wikimedia MKD's Workshops in June]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Wikipedia meets 2500 Ukrainian educators at the country’s biggest education festival|Wikipedia meets 2500 Ukrainian educators at the country’s biggest education festival]]

&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 07:19, 27 Ruheshi 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: July 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 7 • July 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Crafting Impactful Education Newsletters: Shared Insights from EduWiki 2025|Crafting Impactful Education Newsletters: Shared Insights from EduWiki 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Educational Outreach with Youth Centers in Albania|Educational Outreach with Youth Centers in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Discussing educational resources at WikiCon Brasil 2025|Discussing educational resources at WikiCon Brasil 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Enhancing Mobile-Friendly Contribution in Wikimedia Education Programs|Enhancing Mobile-Friendly Contribution in Wikimedia Education Programs]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/The second semester of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia with challenges and learning|The second semester of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia with challenges and learning]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/When Travel Fails, Learning Continues: A Reflection from EduWiki 2025 |When Travel Fails, Learning Continues: A Reflection from EduWiki 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Wiki club in Kumanovo - the newest Wiki club of Wikimedia MKD|Wiki club in Kumanovo - the newest Wiki club of Wikimedia MKD]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Jaroslav Mašek: How KISK FF MU students used AI to write Wikipedia|Jaroslav Mašek: How KISK FF MU students used AI to write Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Various programmes up and rolling with Charles University Prague|Various programmes up and rolling with Charles University Prague]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 03:01, 1 Myandagaro 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Affiliations Committee News (April-June 2025)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:MNL25 - day one 08.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom session at the ESEAP Strategy Summit 2025 in Manila, the Philippines]]
&lt;small&gt;''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''&lt;/small&gt;

Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]].

&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:1;&quot;&gt;Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Aotearoa New Zealand and Assamese Wikimedia Community User Group]]

Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]]

AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]]

AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 6#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at the ESEAP Strategy Summit]]

AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Results of the AffCom officers election]]

Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Upcoming_AffCom_Events|Meet AffCom at Wikimania]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; &quot;&gt;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ikiyago c'uwukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|ikiyago]]) 06:25, 5 Myandagaro 2025 (UTC)
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== This Month in Education: August 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 8 • August 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Bootcamp Wikipedia in Classroom|Bootcamp Wikipedia in Classroom]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Brazil launches campaign about Open Science on Wiki|Brazil launches campaign about Open Science on Wiki]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Breaking Barriers: Yoruba Wikipedia Fan Club Offa's Historic Wins|Breaking Barriers: Yoruba Wikipedia Fan Club Offa's Historic Wins]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Emerging Voices in Free Knowledge: The Journey of Wiki Club SATI|Emerging Voices in Free Knowledge: The Journey of Wiki Club SATI]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/From a Curious Student to a Wikimedia Leader|From a Curious Student to a Wikimedia Leader]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/From webinars to conferences: Wikimedia Ukraine’s approach to events for educators|From webinars to conferences: Wikimedia Ukraine’s approach to events for educators]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Higher education with Wikipedia in Spain|Higher education with Wikipedia in Spain]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Scientific Contribution from Serbia: Wikipedia in Education Research Published in a Prestigious Journal|Scientific Contribution from Serbia: Wikipedia in Education Research Published in a Prestigious Journal]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Teachers with Wikipedia. What if we create a Spanish-speaking collaboration network|Teachers with Wikipedia. What if we create a Spanish-speaking collaboration network]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/The brains behind Wikipedia|The brains behind Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Why EduWiki Should Be Considered by Policymakers|Why EduWiki Should Be Considered by Policymakers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikimedia Chile in Visviri: Free knowledge and education at Chile’s starting point|Wikimedia Chile in Visviri: Free knowledge and education at Chile’s starting point]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikipedia as a tool presented at Media Education Summer School for Teachers|Wikipedia as a tool presented at Media Education Summer School for Teachers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikipedia vs AI at La Trobe University|Wikipedia vs AI at La Trobe University]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/St Aloysius University – Wikipedia training session for newcomers|St Aloysius University – Wikipedia training session for newcomers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wiki Loves Academics, WUGN Kaduna|Wiki Loves Academics, WUGN Kaduna]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/In Just 3 Minutes: The Power of Wiki Education|In Just 3 Minutes: The Power of Wiki Education]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Sensing Cebu: Fieldnotes of an Academic as a Wiki Volunteer|Sensing Cebu: Fieldnotes of an Academic as a Wiki Volunteer]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:16, 2 Nyakanga 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: September 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 9 • September 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Brazil organizes seminar to discuss open science and scientific dissemination|Brazil organizes seminar to discuss open science and scientific dissemination]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/CBSUA Recognizes Wiki Training Completers, Awards Feminism &amp; Folklore 2025 Winners|CBSUA Recognizes Wiki Training Completers, Awards Feminism &amp; Folklore 2025 Winners]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/2nd International Conference on Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures Mexico 2025|2nd International Conference on Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures Mexico 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Accredited seminar for teachers in Veliko Gradište|Accredited seminar for teachers in Veliko Gradište]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Breaking Barriers, Why open Knowledge matters|Breaking Barriers, Why open Knowledge matters]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Cross-Continental Knowledge Exchange: Offa Youth Impact Initiative and St Aloysius University in 3D Education Outreach |Cross-Continental Knowledge Exchange: Offa Youth Impact Initiative and St Aloysius University in 3D Education Outreach]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Igbo Language Audio Project in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club IMSU &amp; Alvan|Igbo Language Audio Project in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club IMSU &amp; Alvan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Let's Read Wikipedia reached teachers of the Weenhayek indigenous nation in Bolivia|Let's Read Wikipedia reached teachers of the Weenhayek indigenous nation in Bolivia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Monográfico sobre Wikipedia en el aula, Revista Docere|Monograph on Wikipedia in the classroom, Docere Magazine]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/The Third Training Course of the “Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” Program in Jordan|The Third Training Course of the “Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” Program in Jordan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/The Ukrainian Educators’ Wikimedia Conference 2025|The Ukrainian Educators’ Wikimedia Conference 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Wikimedia MKD's edit-a-thon: Lakes|Wikimedia MKD's edit-a-thon: Lakes]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Cultura libre en las aulas|Free culture in the classroom]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki clubs|Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki clubs]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:10, 2 Gitugutu 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: October 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 10 • October 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/&quot;WikiDonne Internship: Wikimedia Platforms for Open Education and Inclusive Culture!&quot; winner at the Open Education Awards 2025|&quot;WikiDonne Internship: Wikimedia Platforms for Open Education and Inclusive Culture!&quot; winner at the Open Education Awards 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/A Proud Chapter in My Wikimedia Journey 🇳🇬: From Editor to Organizer|A Proud Chapter in My Wikimedia Journey 🇳🇬: From Editor to Organizer]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Debating open science and scientific dissemination in Brazil|Debating open science and scientific dissemination in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Enhancing Academic Articles on Wikipedia with the State University of Jakarta|Enhancing Academic Articles on Wikipedia with the State University of Jakarta]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/India’s Students and Educators Lead the Way in the Wiki Science Competition 2025|India’s Students and Educators Lead the Way in the Wiki Science Competition 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/JDACA &amp; Amman Arab University|JDACA &amp; Amman Arab University]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/New starting page for Wikipedia users had been launched in September|New starting page for Wikipedia users had been launched in September]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Teaching Evidence Synthesis Automation with the Wikipedia–Kaggle Dataset|Teaching Evidence Synthesis Automation with the Wikipedia–Kaggle Dataset]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikimedia MKD’s Education Program activities for October|Wikimedia MKD’s Education Program activities for October]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikimedia Serbia prepares eight annual Edu Wiki camp|Wikimedia Serbia prepares eight annual Edu Wiki camp]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikivoyage editathon in Peshkopia, Albania|Wikivoyage editathon in Peshkopia, Albania]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 06:05, 2 Munyonyo 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: November 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 11 • November 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Auckland Museum's Wiki Summer Student Programme is back for 2025 &amp; 2026|Auckland Museum's Wiki Summer Student Programme is back for 2025 &amp; 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Edu Wiki camp 2025 in Belgrade, Serbia|Edu Wiki camp 2025 in Belgrade, Serbia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wikidata na Escola: estudantes da zona rural de Minas Gerais contribuem com dados sobre mulheres negras brasileiras|Wikidata na Escola: estudantes da zona rural de Minas Gerais contribuem com dados sobre mulheres negras brasileiras]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/190 students from Oteitza Lizeoa create 48 articles on the history of the Basque Country for Txikipedia in one day|190 students from Oteitza Lizeoa create 48 articles on the history of the Basque Country for Txikipedia in one day]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/2nd International Congress Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures – WECUDI|2nd International Congress Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures – WECUDI]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Africa and Proud Leads Wiki Classroom Project Across Three Nigerian States|Africa and Proud Leads Wiki Classroom Project Across Three Nigerian States]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/November 2025November 2025/Annual Czech Wiki Conference took place on Saturday, Nov 8th|November 2025November 2025/Annual Czech Wiki Conference took place on Saturday, Nov 8th]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/EduWiki Meetup at GLAM Wiki Conference 2025|EduWiki Meetup at GLAM Wiki Conference 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Highly productive autumn education activities in Macedonia|Highly productive autumn education activities in Macedonia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Kannada Wikipedia Asian Month 2025: Edit-a-thon &amp; Workshop Highlights from Loyola College, Karnataka|Kannada Wikipedia Asian Month 2025: Edit-a-thon &amp; Workshop Highlights from Loyola College, Karnataka]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Kosovo Wikivoyage Editathons in Gjakova and Krusha e Madhe|Kosovo Wikivoyage Editathons in Gjakova and Krusha e Madhe]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Ukrainian educators create open lesson plans based on the «Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom» course|Ukrainian educators create open lesson plans based on the «Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom» course]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary – University of Nueva Caceres joins Wikisource Training|United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary – University of Nueva Caceres joins Wikisource Training]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Videos on Teaching Experiences with Wikipedia, Wikidata, Commons, and OSM|Videos on Teaching Experiences with Wikipedia, Wikidata, Commons, and OSM]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki as a tool for technological empowerment of indigenous knowledge|Wiki as a tool for technological empowerment of indigenous knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki Science Competition in Albania and Kosovo|Wiki Science Competition in Albania and Kosovo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki Workshop 2026 Call for Contributions|Wiki Workshop 2026 Call for Contributions]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wikipedia Contribution with Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Students in Kosovo|Wikipedia Contribution with Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Students in Kosovo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Impact of Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki Clubs in Growth of Wikimedia User Group Rwanda Community|Impact of Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki Clubs in Growth of Wikimedia User Group Rwanda Community]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 13:47, 30 Munyonyo 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: December 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 12 • December 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/December 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/December 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WikiLatih Wiktionary with the Goethe-Institut: Strengthening the Digital Presence of Indonesia’s Local Languages|WikiLatih Wiktionary with the Goethe-Institut: Strengthening the Digital Presence of Indonesia’s Local Languages]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Wiki in schools - Architecture and Open Heritage|Wiki in schools - Architecture and Open Heritage]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/What are the challenges and opportunities in scientific dissemination? Reflecting on the topic in the Brazilian context|What are the challenges and opportunities in scientific dissemination? Reflecting on the topic in the Brazilian context]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WikipediaxAI: Wikipedia, AI, and the future of knowledge|WikipediaxAI: Wikipedia, AI, and the future of knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Wikipedia at University Another year of working alongside higher education institutions in Argentina|Wikipedia at University Another year of working alongside higher education institutions in Argentina]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WAM - Tulu Edit-a-thon &amp; Workshop in St Aloysius University |WAM - Tulu Edit-a-thon &amp; Workshop in St Aloysius University]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Visibilizando memórias negras: estudantes da UFRGS ampliam a Wikipédia com foco na imprensa e no associativismo pós-abolição|Visibilizando memórias negras: estudantes da UFRGS ampliam a Wikipédia com foco na imprensa e no associativismo pós-abolição]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Transforming Education Through Wikimedia in Kosovo: 2025|Transforming Education Through Wikimedia in Kosovo: 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/New WikiClubs and educational partnership in Albania|New WikiClubs and educational partnership in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/New WikiClub with the Dibra Youth Center in Albania|New WikiClub with the Dibra Youth Center in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Landmark Educational Initiatives and Wikimedia Programs Transform Learning in 2025|Landmark Educational Initiatives and Wikimedia Programs Transform Learning in 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Knowledge in the Digital Age: A WMUK Collaborative Workshop|Knowledge in the Digital Age: A WMUK Collaborative Workshop]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 14:22, 17 Kigarama 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== Affiliations Committee News (July-December 2025) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:At Wikimania 2025 127.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom at Wikimania 2025 in Nairobi, Kenya]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:1;&quot;&gt;Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Georgia: recognized &amp; announced September 2025]]
 
Recognition Status Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#Recognition Status Report|Updates of affiliate applications]]
 
AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]]
 
AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 7#AffCom at WikiConference North America|AffCom at WikiConference North America]]
 
AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom and EDs Discuss Affiliate Ecosystem|AffCom and EDs Discuss Affiliate Ecosystem]]

AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom Administrative Updates|AffCom at Wikimania]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Affiliations Committee News (July-December 2025)

&lt;small&gt;''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7|This newsletter is best translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; &quot;&gt;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 11:11, 13 January 2026 (UTC)
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== This Month in Education: January 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 1 • January 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Strengthening Wikimedia Education and Digital Literacy in 2026|Strengthening Wikimedia Education and Digital Literacy in 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Dzongkha Wikipedia Education Program in Bhutan|Dzongkha Wikipedia Education Program in Bhutan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Wikipedia Education Program - Train The Trainer in Nepal|Wikipedia Education Program – Train The Trainer in Nepal]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Wikipedia 25 celebration in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club Alvan and IMSU|Wikipedia 25 celebration in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club Alvan and IMSU]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/CBSUA boosts Open Knowledge and Local Culture through expanded Wiki Education Program|CBSUA boosts Open Knowledge and Local Culture through expanded Wiki Education Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/WikiChallenge African Schools: Young voices, real impact, and continued (reasonable) growth|WikiChallenge African Schools: Young voices, real impact, and continued (reasonable) growth]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Updates on Auckland Museum Summer Student Programme|Updates on Auckland Museum Summer Student Programme]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Stronger and bolder Wikiforhumanrights 2025 in Anambra Network|Stronger and bolder Wikiforhumanrights 2025 in Anambra Network]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Official Opening of IFAK Secondary School Wiki Club: Engaging Youth in Learning Through Open Knowledge|Official Opening of IFAK Secondary School Wiki Club: Engaging Youth in Learning Through Open Knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Greetings from the Jeronim de Rada WikiClub in Elbasan, Albania, for Christmas 2025|Greetings from the Jeronim de Rada WikiClub in Elbasan, Albania, for Christmas 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Great and productive final activities of 2025 Wikimedia MKD education programme|Great and productive final activities of 2025 Wikimedia MKD education programme]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Envisioning an Open Future together - WikiForAll|Envisioning an Open Future together – WikiForAll]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A look back: reviewing the main education activities in Brazil in 2025|A look back: reviewing the main education activities in Brazil in 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A 147-Year-Old Institution Celebrates 25 Years of Wikipedia: St Aloysius University and the Spirit of Open Knowledge|A 147-Year-Old Institution Celebrates 25 Years of Wikipedia: St Aloysius University and the Spirit of Open Knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/¡Celebrando 25 años de conocimiento libre! El Proyecto &quot;25x25&quot; llega a las aulas de Córdoba, Argentina|Celebrating 25 years of free knowledge! The '25x25' Project reaches the classrooms of Córdoba, Argentina]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A atuação em rede da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora para a difusão do conhecimento livre na Wikipédia|The collaborative efforts of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora for the dissemination of free knowledge on Wikipedia]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 18:26, 28 Nzero 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: February 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 2 • February 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Cairo University Spanish Language Volunteers document Madrid’s Historic and Contemporary Palaces|Cairo University Spanish Language Volunteers document Madrid’s Historic and Contemporary Palaces]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Celebrating 25 Years of Wikipedia in Uzbekistan|Celebrating 25 Years of Wikipedia in Uzbekistan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Encontro da Rede Latino Americana de Inteligência Artificial Feminista: construindo futuros possíveis|Meeting of the Latin American Network of Feminist Artificial Intelligence: building possible futures]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Farewelling the Auckland Museum Summer Students|Farewelling the Auckland Museum Summer Students]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Inclusive Climate Learning with Wikimedia Reaches Special School in Kumasi|Inclusive Climate Learning with Wikimedia Reaches Special School in Kumasi]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Introducing Wikimedia in Academic curriculum for students of higher education in universities of Telangana |Introducing Wikimedia in Academic curriculum for students of higher education in universities of Telangana]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Learning from Finland: Edit-a-thon on Finnish Education set to take place in Belgrade|Learning from Finland: Edit-a-thon on Finnish Education set to take place in Belgrade]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Library of IME-USP Workshop: Edits in History of Mathematics|Library of IME-USP Workshop: Edits in History of Mathematics]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/LitFest 2026: Room to Dream to amplify local voices across Wikimedia|LitFest 2026: Room to Dream to amplify local voices across Wikimedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/New online workshops for the German language Wikipedia|New online workshops for the German language Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Road to Wiki Cohort 1: Building India's Next Generation of Wikimedia Technical Contributors|Road to Wiki Cohort 1: Building India's Next Generation of Wikimedia Technical Contributors]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/The history of the Wikimedia movement in a Brazil: a book about stories and projects|The history of the Wikimedia movement in a Brazil: a book about stories and projects]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Club Federal Government Boys College Celebrates Mother Tongue Day|Wiki Club Federal Government Boys College Celebrates Mother Tongue Day]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Club Minalabac joins Freedom to Read 2026: One World, Many Languages|Wiki Club Minalabac joins Freedom to Read 2026: One World, Many Languages]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Love Folklore Photowalk at Khajuraho Dance Festival 2026|Wiki Love Folklore Photowalk at Khajuraho Dance Festival 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Loves Fish Workshop Empowers Students to Document Coastal Biodiversity|Wiki Loves Fish Workshop Empowers Students to Document Coastal Biodiversity]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/WikiCendekia 2026: Insights from our training of admins in Indonesia|WikiCendekia 2026: Insights from our training of admins in Indonesia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wikimedia MKD's activities- new wiki club and a lots of new training workshops|Wikimedia MKD's activities- new wiki club and a lots of new training workshops]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/WikiPatrimoine Senghor : Valorisation du patrimoine culturel africain à l'Université Senghor|WikiPatrimoine Senghor : Valuation of African cultural heritage at the University Senghor]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wikipedia Turns 25: Young Voices, Big Future|Wikipedia Turns 25: Young Voices, Big Future]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 11:56, 3 Ntwarante 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: March 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 3 • March 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona|Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG|Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources|Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe|Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program|Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026|Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up|One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN|Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology|Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries|The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners|Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil|Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI|Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities|“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikipedia &amp; Libraries: Building New Contributors|Wikipedia &amp; Libraries: Building New Contributors]]

&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 10:21, 1 Ndamukiza 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== This Month in Education: April 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 4 • April 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update|Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh|WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War|Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course|Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools|Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia|University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania|Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan|Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria|Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites|Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/A month full of encounters with students in Brazil|A month full of encounters with students in Brazil]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 16:01, 27 Ndamukiza 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2026) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- == Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2026) == --&gt;

&lt;small&gt;''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 8|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''&lt;/small&gt;

Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]].

[[File:AffCom_and_GRDC_members_at_APP_meeting,_Lisbon_2026_01_(cropped).jpg|220px|right|thumb|AffCom and GRDC members at APP meeting, Lisbon, Portugal]]

&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:1;&quot;&gt;

Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|This past quarter, AffCom recognized no new Affiliates due to the pause in recognizing new affiliates.]] 

AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#AffCom Conflict Intervention|AffCom is currently addressing eight ongoing affiliate conflict cases received in previous quarters.]]
 
Affiliate Recognition Pause Extension: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Affiliate Recognition Pause Extension|The Wikimedia Foundation, together with the AffCom, has extended the pause on new affiliate recognition until September 1, 2026.]]

New Affiliate Model Development Efforts: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#New Affiliate Model Development Efforts|The Affiliations Committee held collaborative meetings with the Global Resource Distribution Committee (GRDC) to explore the development of a new affiliations model.]]

Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations: Updates on the Movement Organizations Pilot, GRDC, and AffCom|Two major pilot initiatives were launched to address long-standing questions about the roles of movement organizations and the future of resource allocation.]]

&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; &quot;&gt;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 8|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:50, 03 May 2026 (UTC)
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== This Month in Education: May 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 5 • May 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Teaching innovation with Wikimedia. Shared experiences in Spanish Universities|Teaching innovation with Wikimedia. Shared experiences in Spanish Universities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Editing Wikipedia with Viktor Hygo High School in Albania|Editing Wikipedia with Viktor Hygo High School in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Debating free license in Brazil|Debating free license in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Microclimatic Explainers: A short-form media approach to build micro-level environmental awareness in India|Microclimatic Explainers: A short-form media approach to build micro-level environmental awareness in India]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Ukraine publishes the first academic collection of papers on Wikipedia and Wikimedia Projects|Ukraine publishes the first academic collection of papers on Wikipedia and Wikimedia Projects]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wiki Digital Youth Club Launches in Tanzania: Youth Build Digital Skills Through Competitive Quest Challenges|Wiki Digital Youth Club Launches in Tanzania: Youth Build Digital Skills Through Competitive Quest Challenges]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wiki Youth Participation in Building Rwanda’s Open Knowledge Ecosystem|Wiki Youth Participation in Building Rwanda’s Open Knowledge Ecosystem]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikimedia Digi-Youth Club in Nigeria|Wikimedia Digi-Youth Club in Nigeria]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikimedia MKD's Education News &amp; Activities|Wikimedia MKD's Education News &amp; Activities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikipedia Serbia's interns and Wiki Ambassadors provide crucial support towards end of the school year|Wikipedia Serbia's interns and Wiki Ambassadors provide crucial support towards end of the school year]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 16:53, 1 Ruheshi 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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    <title>Ibikikije intara ya Muramvya</title>
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      <text bytes="1656" sha1="8d5dbtxmhemal8n2laidor404lw7xf8" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya Muramvya ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Gitega, Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Bujumbura Rural hamwe n'intara ya Bubanza. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Kayanza mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Mwaro.

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: Mbuye, Bukeye, Rutegama, Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
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      <text bytes="1660" sha1="j5rc7zuizblmkzaum51rlp7buj3sgx0" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Gitega, Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Bujumbura Rural hamwe n'intara ya Bubanza. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Kayanza mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Mwaro.

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: Mbuye, Bukeye, Rutegama, Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
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      <text bytes="1664" sha1="2ylrmhn473l7ifkb4pdw1rqmewtm11s" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Bujumbura Rural hamwe n'intara ya Bubanza. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Kayanza mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Mwaro.

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: Mbuye, Bukeye, Rutegama, Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
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      <text bytes="1700" sha1="h51fgz3hdkzujyi7v3xvt60v81vf4x8" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya Bubanza. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Kayanza mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Mwaro.

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: Mbuye, Bukeye, Rutegama, Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
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      <text bytes="1704" sha1="gp0lpo9c8g75yd34nfuopldiunwulyo" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Kayanza mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Mwaro.

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: Mbuye, Bukeye, Rutegama, Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
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        <id>10886</id>
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      <text bytes="1708" sha1="860hdvdr9fdzfy7sdardgwp84zkbney" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya Mwaro.

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: Mbuye, Bukeye, Rutegama, Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
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        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
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      <comment>#AWAC2026</comment>
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      <text bytes="1712" sha1="3f0407b9c4vptfdd8qpzhvhe60xc3q2" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: Mbuye, Bukeye, Rutegama, Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
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        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
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      <comment>#AWAC2026</comment>
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      <text bytes="1737" sha1="m791kq9cyf1890j2cbh4htynqd77w6w" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], Bukeye, Rutegama, Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
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        <id>10886</id>
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      <text bytes="1763" sha1="hsygq5x1w143f8p0tt06ffgl03ma22g" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], [[:en:Commune_of_Bukeye|Bukeye]], Rutegama, Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
      <sha1>hsygq5x1w143f8p0tt06ffgl03ma22g</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27051</id>
      <parentid>27050</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:21:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27051</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1780" sha1="rag44g8luze9216m3jkm7n1mdhyl6io" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], [[:en:Commune_of_Bukeye|Bukeye]], [[:fr:Rutegama|Rutegama]], Muramvya na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
      <sha1>rag44g8luze9216m3jkm7n1mdhyl6io</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27052</id>
      <parentid>27051</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:27:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27052</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1797" sha1="6dffoqu2tkvzaeyscd8khxb0bc9azj2" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], [[:en:Commune_of_Bukeye|Bukeye]], [[:fr:Rutegama|Rutegama]], [[:fr:Muramvya|Muramvya]] na Kiganda

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
      <sha1>6dffoqu2tkvzaeyscd8khxb0bc9azj2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27053</id>
      <parentid>27052</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:29:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27053</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1813" sha1="f41xct3uyrg76q388gqt0nw8hm2nc0i" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], [[:en:Commune_of_Bukeye|Bukeye]], [[:fr:Rutegama|Rutegama]], [[:fr:Muramvya|Muramvya]] na [[:fr:Kiganda|Kiganda]]

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
      <sha1>f41xct3uyrg76q388gqt0nw8hm2nc0i</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27054</id>
      <parentid>27053</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:30:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27054</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1822" sha1="illz5hh7s3d3sejb0gu60n9ri99hsvx" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], [[:en:Commune_of_Bukeye|Bukeye]], [[:fr:Rutegama|Rutegama]], [[:fr:Muramvya|Muramvya]] na [[:fr:Kiganda|Kiganda]]

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000 Habitats) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya Kibira aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
      <sha1>illz5hh7s3d3sejb0gu60n9ri99hsvx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27055</id>
      <parentid>27054</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:33:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27055</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1854" sha1="f9nk310yokf637je3s557bsq1brhhcy" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], [[:en:Commune_of_Bukeye|Bukeye]], [[:fr:Rutegama|Rutegama]], [[:fr:Muramvya|Muramvya]] na [[:fr:Kiganda|Kiganda]]

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000 Habitats) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya [[:fr:Parc_national_de_Kibira|Kibira]] aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: Mubarazi, Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
      <sha1>f9nk310yokf637je3s557bsq1brhhcy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27056</id>
      <parentid>27055</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:35:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27056</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1877" sha1="c1wz2lv34psjsb7xmx52hv6oostwu4k" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], [[:en:Commune_of_Bukeye|Bukeye]], [[:fr:Rutegama|Rutegama]], [[:fr:Muramvya|Muramvya]] na [[:fr:Kiganda|Kiganda]]

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000 Habitats) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya [[:fr:Parc_national_de_Kibira|Kibira]] aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: [[:en:Mubarazi_River|Mubarazi]], Mucece, Nyavyamo, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
      <sha1>c1wz2lv34psjsb7xmx52hv6oostwu4k</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27057</id>
      <parentid>27056</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:35:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27057</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1891" sha1="t11d6kofqnbjf2levj2lmzknmery0nq" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], [[:en:Commune_of_Bukeye|Bukeye]], [[:fr:Rutegama|Rutegama]], [[:fr:Muramvya|Muramvya]] na [[:fr:Kiganda|Kiganda]]

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000 Habitats) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya [[:fr:Parc_national_de_Kibira|Kibira]] aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: [[:en:Mubarazi_River|Mubarazi]], Mucece, Nyavyamo, Nyabukongoro, Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
      <sha1>t11d6kofqnbjf2levj2lmzknmery0nq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27058</id>
      <parentid>27057</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:38:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27058</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1914" sha1="4f2udr5qz0qy69pkbcrs7h5tmxqay24" xml:space="preserve">Intara ya [[Muramvya]] ni imwe mu ntara 18 zigize igihugu cacu c'[[uburundi]].

Intara ya Muramvya iri muntara zohagati mugihugu c'uburundi.

Mu buseruko, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Gitega]], Mu burengero naho, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[:fr:Province_de_Bujumbura_rural|Bujumbura Rural]] hamwe n'intara ya [[Bubanza]]. Mu buraruko, intara ya Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Kayanza]] mugihe mu bumanuko naho, Muramvya ihana urubibe n'intara ya [[Mwaro]].

Intara ya Muramvya igizwe n'ikomine zitanu arizo: [[:en:Commune_of_Mbuye|Mbuye]], [[:en:Commune_of_Bukeye|Bukeye]], [[:fr:Rutegama|Rutegama]], [[:fr:Muramvya|Muramvya]] na [[:fr:Kiganda|Kiganda]]

Intara ya Muramvya irafise imisozi itandukanye isharijwe n'ibiti, ibirimwa ...maze bigafasha iyo ntara mubuzima bwayo bwa minsi yose. Intara ya Muramvya ifise abantu bangana hafi n'ibihumbi cumi  n'umunani(18.000 Habitats) canke mbere banarenga.

Abantu bo mu ntara ya muramvya bagizwe ahanini n'abarimyi hamwe n'aborozi. Bararima ibifungurwa  kandi bakimbura neza cane .Ivyo babikesha akayaga keza kahari, invura iragwa neza, navyo iyo ntara ikabikesha ukuntu imisozi yayo isharije ibiti bikwega invura ndetse aha ntitwokwibagira nk'ishamba cimeza rya [[:fr:Parc_national_de_Kibira|Kibira]] aho iryo shamba rigizwe n'ibiti vyinshi maze Ivyo biti bigafasha cane mubijanye n'invura.  

Iyo invura yabaye nyishi, intara ya Muramvya irafise kandi inzuzi zitandukanye amazi y'invura aca atemberamwo, aha twovuga inzuzi nka: [[:en:Mubarazi_River|Mubarazi]], Mucece, Nyavyamo, [[Uruzi Nyabukongoro|Nyabukongoro]], Kaniga...

Abantu b'imuramvya kandi barorora ibitungwa bitandukanye aha twovuga nk'inka, intama, ingurube, impene, inkwavu, inkoko,...maze byose bikaza bifasha kubuzima bwabene ntara ndetse n'abahandi bose. 

Muri rusangi, intara ya Muramvya yikwije ivyiza vyinshi cane mumice yose y'ubuzima bwayo ndets n'ubw'igihugu.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Uruzi Mubarazi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5126</id>
    <revision>
      <id>27020</id>
      <parentid>26992</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:05:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27020</origin>
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 [[Uruzi]] Mubarazi ni [[uruzi]] rumwe munzuzi ziri mu gihugu cacu c'[[Uburundi]]. Urwo ruzi Mubarazi raca mu ntara zitari nke zigize igihugu cacu c'[[Uburundi]]. Aha twovuga intara nka:
Intara ya [[Bujumbura]] rural,[[Mwaro]],[[Muramvya|Muramvya,]]...
[[Uruzi]] Mubarazi rufise kandi akamaro kadasanzwe na cane cane kubarimyi barimira mumyonga iri kunkengera zarwo. Ibiterwa dusanga birimirwa mumyonga yegereye Mubarazi ni : Amashu, ibigori, ibijumbu, intore, inyanya, ibikaju, umuceri,...
maze ivyo biterwa bikaba bifise akamaro kadasanzwe kubuzima bwabenegihugu.


[[Dosiye:Mubarazi_rugomba_kurenga_inkombe.jpg|Mubarazi rugomba kurenga inkombe]]

Uruzi Mubarazi, rurafise kandi akamaro kadasanzwe mubijanye n'amasoko ntanganguvu, Aho kurirwo hari urugomero rw'umuyagankuba rucanira intara yose ya Muramvya muma komini yose ayigize nka : Mbuye ,Rutegama,Muramvya,Bukeye na Kiganda.

Mugihe c'ici, Uruzi Mubarazi usanga rufise amazi agereranye kandi atemba neza kuburyo rutonona imirima igwegereye. Ariko, mugihe c'urushana na cane cane mumezi nka Ntwarante na Ndamukiza ruba rufise amazi menshi cane kuburyo imirima igwegereye ruyiseserako ndetse nimwe muriyo rukayitwara ibiterwa biri mwiyo myonga igwegereye ikononekara cane,ndetse rimwe na rimwe mwico gihe rurashobora gutwara abantu. Uruzi Mubarazi ruratanga kandi n'akayaga keza cane ku misozi iruhanamiye.

Muri rusangi ,uruzi Mubarazi rurafise ivyiza ndetse n'ibibi bivanye n'ibihe bigize umwaka.

'''Akamaro nyamukuru kagwo:'''

1. Amazi yo gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose

Abantu bo mu bice rucamwo barakoresha amazi yagwo mukuyanywa (inyuma yo kuyatunganya), guteka, koza n’ibindi bikenerwa mu rugo.

2. Ubufasha mu burimyi

Rufasha abarimyi kuvomerera imirima mu gihe c’izuba ryinshi. Ivyo bituma bashobora kurima ibitegwa nk'ibigori, ibiharage, imyumbati n’imboga, bigatuma umwimbu wiyongera.

3. Kuvomera ibitungwa

Inka, intama n’ibindi bitungwa bironka amazi yo kunywa, cane cane mu gihe c’izuba.

4. Gutuma isindimwa yimbuka

Iyo uruzi rwuzuye rugatwara mumwaba rusiga ku nkengero zarwo isi irimwo intungamubiri, bigatuma imirima yera neza.

5. Kubungabunga ibidukikije

Rufasha ibiti, amafi n’ibindi binyabuzima kubaho, bigatuma ibidukikije bigumana ubuzima bwiza.

6. Guteza imbere ubuzima n’ubutunzi

Kubera ko rufasha uburimyi n’ubworozi, rutuma abantu baronka ivyo bafungura n’amafaranga ava mu kugurisha umwimbu ku masoko.</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>27041</id>
      <parentid>27020</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:06:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWAC2026</comment>
      <origin>27041</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2417" sha1="g9b9an4at6a4b3e33r7eisxv41exk1d" xml:space="preserve"> [[Uruzi]] Mubarazi ni [[uruzi]] rumwe munzuzi ziri mu gihugu cacu c'[[Uburundi]]. Urwo ruzi Mubarazi raca mu ntara zitari nke zigize igihugu cacu c'[[Uburundi]]. Aha twovuga intara nka:
Intara ya [[Bujumbura]] rural,[[Mwaro]],[[Muramvya|Muramvya,]]...
[[Uruzi]] Mubarazi rufise kandi akamaro kadasanzwe na cane cane kubarimyi barimira mumyonga iri kunkengera zarwo. Ibiterwa dusanga birimirwa mumyonga yegereye Mubarazi ni : Amashu, ibigori, ibijumbu, intore, inyanya, ibikaju, umuceri,...
maze ivyo biterwa bikaba bifise akamaro kadasanzwe kubuzima bwabenegihugu.


[[Dosiye:Mubarazi_rugomba_kurenga_inkombe.jpg|Mubarazi rugomba kurenga inkombe]]

Uruzi Mubarazi, rurafise kandi akamaro kadasanzwe mubijanye n'amasoko ntanganguvu, Aho kurirwo hari urugomero rw'umuyagankuba rucanira intara yose ya Muramvya muma komini yose ayigize nka : Mbuye ,Rutegama,Muramvya,Bukeye na Kiganda.

Mugihe c'ici, Uruzi Mubarazi usanga rufise amazi agereranye kandi atemba neza kuburyo rutonona imirima igwegereye. Ariko, mugihe c'urushana na cane cane mumezi nka Ntwarante na Ndamukiza ruba rufise amazi menshi cane kuburyo imirima igwegereye ruyiseserako ndetse nimwe muriyo rukayitwara ibiterwa biri mwiyo myonga igwegereye ikononekara cane,ndetse rimwe na rimwe mwico gihe rurashobora gutwara abantu. Uruzi Mubarazi ruratanga kandi n'akayaga keza cane ku misozi iruhanamiye.

Muri rusangi ,uruzi Mubarazi rurafise ivyiza ndetse n'ibibi bivanye n'ibihe bigize umwaka.

'''Akamaro nyamukuru kagwo:'''

1. Amazi yo gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose

Abantu bo mu bice rucamwo barakoresha amazi yagwo mukuyanywa (inyuma yo kuyatunganya), guteka, koza n’ibindi bikenerwa mu rugo.

2. Ubufasha mu burimyi

Rufasha abarimyi kuvomerera imirima mu gihe c’izuba ryinshi. Ivyo bituma bashobora kurima ibitegwa nk'ibigori, ibiharage, imyumbati n’imboga, bigatuma umwimbu wiyongera.

3. Kuvomera ibitungwa

Inka, intama n’ibindi bitungwa bironka amazi yo kunywa, cane cane mu gihe c’izuba.

4. Gutuma isindimwa yimbuka

Iyo uruzi rwuzuye rugatwara mumwaba rusiga ku nkengero zarwo isi irimwo intungamubiri, bigatuma imirima yera neza.

5. Kubungabunga ibidukikije

Rufasha ibiti, amafi n’ibindi binyabuzima kubaho, bigatuma ibidukikije bigumana ubuzima bwiza.

6. Guteza imbere ubuzima n’ubutunzi

Kubera ko rufasha uburimyi n’ubworozi, rutuma abantu baronka ivyo bafungura n’amafaranga ava mu kugurisha umwimbu ku masoko.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Inkukura</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>27059</id>
      <parentid>25736</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:43:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-32643-40</username>
        <id>11469</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27059</origin>
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      <text bytes="1713" sha1="eaexexdsubmeo5jleq3yjmaoqfa28mx" xml:space="preserve">
[[Dosiye:Verm_wave.jpg|thumb|Ingaruka y'inkukura ikomoka k'umuyaga hamwe n'amazi (''Coyote Buttes'', Vermilion Cliffs National Monument, [[Leta z’Unze Ubumwe za Amerika|États-Unis]]).]]
[[Dosiye:Soil_erosion_risk.png|thumb|Igeramirwa r'inkukura y'isi (Europe méditerranéenne).
 ]]
Muvyigwa vy'isi, '''inkukura''' ni itituka rivuye kw'ihindagurika y'imisozi, ibiyaya, muri rusangi ry'isi ritewe n'ikintu cose gishobora kwonona isi kitavuye muriyo.

Isi yakozweko n'inkukura irahinduka uko yahora. Ibintu muri nyamukuru bitera inkukura ni :

* ikirere ;
* imero y'isi ;
* isi ubwayo uko imeze (ubukomezi bw'isi) n'ibigize isi (urugero bw'ivyunyunyu bigize isi nk'akarorero) vy'urutare ;
* ibidukikije nubutaka (kubaho canke kutabaho kw'ivyatsi, ibikoko, n'ibindi bikikuje isi tubayeko) na kamere yavyo ;
* amateka ya kahise k'isi (nk'akarorero isi ishobora kuba yarigeze gusaduka, kugira imigaga n'ibindi) ;
* ibikorwa vy'abantu (ibikorwa vy'uburimyi, kurisha cane ivyatsi biri kw'isi, gutabira isi, kurima kw'isi iri ku mitumba, n'ibindi), gutema amashamba, gushira ibimenyetso kw'isi, ibisagara vyubakwa kw'isi umwanya ku mwanyae.

Inkukura ikora ku bipimo bitandukanye kandi irashobora, mumyaka ibinjana n'ibinjana, gukukura imisozi ikayita hasi, gucukura ibibaya, gusubiza inyuma imisozi.

Ibintu bisanzwe bishika bibaho kw'isi, nk'imiyaga, imvura, canke inkuba, birashobora guhindura cane ibibanza vy'isi mumasaha make, ndetse no muminota mike. Mugukinga inkura abarimyi bahimirizwa gutera ibiti kumisozi ihanamye noguca imikobeko.  

== Ibiharuro ==
&quot;Inkukura yose&quot; iharurwa k'urugero runaka rw'umugezi w'amazi, mu gupima ibintu vyose bitwarwa. Maze hakagereranwa ico gipimo n'urugero nyakuri rw'amazi.</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27060</id>
      <parentid>27059</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:49:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-32643-40</username>
        <id>11469</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27060</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1717" sha1="dl8hazuqj6k47r4t1j0s0hztvw9bh7c" xml:space="preserve">
[[Dosiye:Verm_wave.jpg|thumb|Ingaruka y'inkukura ikomoka k'umuyaga hamwe n'amazi (''Coyote Buttes'', Vermilion Cliffs National Monument, [[Leta z’Unze Ubumwe za Amerika|États-Unis]]).]]
[[Dosiye:Soil_erosion_risk.png|thumb|Igeramirwa r'inkukura y'isi (Europe méditerranéenne).
 ]]
Muvyigwa vy'isi, '''inkukura''' ni itituka rivuye kw'ihindagurika y'imisozi, ibiyaya, muri rusangi ry'[[isi]] ritewe n'ikintu cose gishobora kwonona isi kitavuye muriyo.

Isi yakozweko n'inkukura irahinduka uko yahora. Ibintu muri nyamukuru bitera inkukura ni :

* ikirere ;
* imero y'isi ;
* isi ubwayo uko imeze (ubukomezi bw'isi) n'ibigize isi (urugero bw'ivyunyunyu bigize isi nk'akarorero) vy'urutare ;
* ibidukikije nubutaka (kubaho canke kutabaho kw'ivyatsi, ibikoko, n'ibindi bikikuje isi tubayeko) na kamere yavyo ;
* amateka ya kahise k'isi (nk'akarorero isi ishobora kuba yarigeze gusaduka, kugira imigaga n'ibindi) ;
* ibikorwa vy'abantu (ibikorwa vy'uburimyi, kurisha cane ivyatsi biri kw'isi, gutabira isi, kurima kw'isi iri ku mitumba, n'ibindi), gutema amashamba, gushira ibimenyetso kw'isi, ibisagara vyubakwa kw'isi umwanya ku mwanyae.

Inkukura ikora ku bipimo bitandukanye kandi irashobora, mumyaka ibinjana n'ibinjana, gukukura imisozi ikayita hasi, gucukura ibibaya, gusubiza inyuma imisozi.

Ibintu bisanzwe bishika bibaho kw'isi, nk'imiyaga, imvura, canke inkuba, birashobora guhindura cane ibibanza vy'isi mumasaha make, ndetse no muminota mike. Mugukinga inkura abarimyi bahimirizwa gutera ibiti kumisozi ihanamye noguca imikobeko.  

== Ibiharuro ==
&quot;Inkukura yose&quot; iharurwa k'urugero runaka rw'umugezi w'amazi, mu gupima ibintu vyose bitwarwa. Maze hakagereranwa ico gipimo n'urugero nyakuri rw'amazi.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ibidukikije</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5244</id>
    <revision>
      <id>27040</id>
      <parentid>24408</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:01:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWAC2026</comment>
      <origin>27040</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="677" sha1="he3zwhq3cuixi4nco6xzue9a8k8y8g0" xml:space="preserve">[[Dosiye:Grand-Bassam - Environnement et biodiversité 12.jpg|thumb|IBIDUKIKIJE]]
[[Ibidukikije mu Kirundo|Ibidukikije]] ni ibintu vyose bibaye kw'[[isi]] bifise ubuzima n'ibidafise ubuzima. ivyo navyo hakaba harimwo Impwemu, Amazi, Isi, Ibimera n'ibikoko.&lt;ref&gt;environnement&lt;/ref&gt;

Ivyo bidukikije bifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa minsi yose nk'Impwemu nziza, Amazi meza, n'isi imeze neza kandi ndimwa.

Ibidukikije kandi birimwo ivyubatswe n'abantu kandi bifise ico bifasha kandi vyonona mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Gutahura no kumenya ibidukikije bituma abantu bamenya uko bavyitwarako maze bigatuma bagira amagara meza n'iterambere mu buzima bwa minsi yose.
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Umurimyi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5333</id>
    <revision>
      <id>27061</id>
      <parentid>24961</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T06:58:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-32643-40</username>
        <id>11469</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27061</origin>
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      <text bytes="506" sha1="lwz9vgwzxukk4lc8jnu0z2hwi90ga7g" xml:space="preserve">'''Umurimyi''' ni umuntu akora ibikorwa bijanye n'uburimyi. Uburimyi ni ugutera, kurima, no gufata neza isi kugira ngo habeho umusaruro w'ibimera, canke gukora ibijanye n'ubworozi, aho umuntu ashobora korora amatungo nk'inka, ingurube, intama, n'ibindi. Umurimyi akora kugira ngo agere ku musaruro w'ibiribwa n'ibindi bikenerwa n'abantu. Ico gikorwa gikenewe mu gutanga ibiribwa, ibikoresho vy'ubuzima, no gutanga ibintu vy'ubutunzi.


[[Dosiye:Farmer_07.jpg|border|272x272px|A young man farming in Accra]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>27062</id>
      <parentid>27061</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T07:02:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-32643-40</username>
        <id>11469</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>27062</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="433" sha1="bxgppiznoz8lk39zwz5vya39su050ag" xml:space="preserve">'''Umurimyi''' ni umuntu akora ibikorwa bijanye n'uburimyi. Uburimyi ni ugutera, kurima, no gufata neza isi kugira ngo habeho umusaruro w'ibimera, canke gukora ibijanye n'ubworozi, aho umuntu ashobora korora amatungo nk'inka, ingurube, intama, n'ibindi. Umurimyi akora kugira ngo agere ku musaruro w'ibiribwa n'ibindi bikenerwa n'abantu. Ico gikorwa gikenewe mu gutanga ibiribwa, ibikoresho vy'ubuzima, no gutanga ibintu vy'ubutunzi.</text>
      <sha1>bxgppiznoz8lk39zwz5vya39su050ag</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27063</id>
      <parentid>27062</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T07:07:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IRANKUNDA Belyse</username>
        <id>10886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27063</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="505" sha1="e4e5t8zwnm2aq5f9hjg3pqc1o230dro" xml:space="preserve">'''Umurimyi''' ni umuntu akora ibikorwa bijanye n'uburimyi. Uburimyi ni ugutera, kurima, no gufata neza isi kugira ngo habeho umusaruro w'ibimera, canke gukora ibijanye n'ubworozi, aho umuntu ashobora korora amatungo nk'inka, ingurube, intama, n'ibindi. Umurimyi akora kugira ngo agere ku musaruro w'ibiribwa n'ibindi bikenerwa n'abantu. Ico gikorwa gikenewe mu gutanga ibiribwa, ibikoresho vy'ubuzima, no gutanga ibintu vy'ubutunzi.

[[Dosiye:Farmer_07.jpg|border|272x272px|A young man farming in Accra]]</text>
      <sha1>e4e5t8zwnm2aq5f9hjg3pqc1o230dro</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Uwukoresha:PK2/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>5473</id>
    <revision>
      <id>27039</id>
      <parentid>26889</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T02:53:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>PK2</username>
        <id>904</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>add sandbox pages for new Wikipedia editions</comment>
      <origin>27039</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38826" sha1="lqv4jf4ytbpqgk0b4c59pskg40l4i1p" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%&quot;
|+ Pages I have in my sandbox
|-
| &amp;nbsp;
|}

;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; font-size:85%&quot;&gt;My sandbox pages in different languages by language code&lt;/div&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ A
|-
| [[:ab:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ab&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ace:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Acehnese language|Acehnese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ace&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ady:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Adyghe language|Adyghe]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ady&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:af:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Afrikaans|Afrikaans]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;af&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:als:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Alemannic German|Alemannic German]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;als&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:alt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Southern Altai language|Southern Altai]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;alt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:am:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Amharic|Amharic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;am&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ami:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Amis language|Amis]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ami&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:an:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aragonese language|Aragonese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;an&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ang:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Old English|Old English]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ang&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:ann:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Obolo language|Obolo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ann&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:anp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Angika|Angika]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;anp&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ar:User:PK2/ملعب|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Arabic|Arabic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ar&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:arc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aramaic|Aramaic]] ([[:en:Syriac language|Syriac]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;arc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ary:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Moroccan Arabic|Moroccan Arabic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ary&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:arz:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Egyptian Arabic|Egyptian Arabic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;arz&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:as:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Assamese language|Assamese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;as&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ast:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Asturleonese language|Asturleonese]] ([[:en:Asturian language|Asturian]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ast&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:atj:User:PK2/Kokwetcitasinahikan|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Atikamekw language|Atikamekw]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;atj&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:av:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Avar language|Avar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;av&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:avk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kotava|Kotava]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;avk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:awa:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Awadhi language|Awadhi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;awa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ay:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aymara language|Aymara]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ay&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:az:User:PK2/Qaralama|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;az&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:azb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language#South Azerbaijani|South Azerbaijani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;azb&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ B
|-
| [[:ba:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bashkir language|Bashkir]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ba&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ban:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Balinese language|Balinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ban&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bar:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bavarian language|Bavarian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bar&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bat-smg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Samogitian language|Samogitian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bat-smg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bbc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Toba Batak language|Toba Batak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bbc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bcl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Central Bikol|Central Bikol]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bcl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bdr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sama–Bajaw languages|West Coast Bajau]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bdr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:be:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;be&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:be-tarask:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]] ([[:en:Taraškievica|Taraškievica]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;be-tarask&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bew:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Betawi language|Betawi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bew&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:bg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bihari languages|Bihari]] ([[:en:Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bislama|Bislama]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bjn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Banjarese language|Banjarese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bjn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:blk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pa'O language|Pa'O]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;blk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bambara language|Bambara]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bn:User:PK2/খেলাঘর|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bengali language|Bengali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Central Tibetan|Central Tibetan]] ([[:en:Lhasa Tibetan|Lhasa Tibetan]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bpy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bishnupriya Manipuri|Bishnupriya Manipuri]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bpy&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:br:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Breton language|Breton]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;br&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:bs:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bosnian language|Bosnian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bs&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:btm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mandailing Batak language|Mandailing Batak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;btm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bug:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Buginese language|Buginese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bug&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bxr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Buryat language|Buryat]] (Russia Buriat)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bxr&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ C
|-
| [[:ca:User:PK2/proves|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Catalan language|Catalan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ca&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cbk-zam:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chavacano|Chavacano]] (Zamboanga)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cbk-zam&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cdo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Eastern Min|Eastern Min]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cdo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ce:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chechen language|Chechen]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ce&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ceb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cebuano language|Cebuano]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ceb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ch:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chamorro language|Chamorro]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ch&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:chr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cherokee language|Cherokee]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;chr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:chy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cheyenne language|Cheyenne]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;chy&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:ckb:User:PK2/خۆڵەپەتانێ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Sorani|Sorani]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ckb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:co:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Corsican language|Corsican]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;co&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:crh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;crh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cs:User:PK2/Pískoviště|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Czech language|Czech]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cs&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:csb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kashubian language|Kashubian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;csb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Old Church Slavonic|Old Church Slavonic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cu&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chuvash language|Chuvash]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cy:User:PK2/Pwll Tywod|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Welsh language|Welsh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cy&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ D
|-
| [[:da:User:PK2/sandkasse|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Danish language|Danish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;da&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dag:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dagbani language|Dagbani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dag&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:de:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:German language|German]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dga:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dagaare language|Dagaare]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dga&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:din:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dinka language|Dinka]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;din&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:diq:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zaza language|Zaza]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;diq&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dsb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lower Sorbian language|Lower Sorbian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dsb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dtp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dusun language|Dusun]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dtp&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dty:User:PK2/प्रयोगस्थल|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Doteli|Doteli]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dty&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Maldivian language|Maldivian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dz:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dzongkha|Dzongkha]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dz&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ E
|-
| [[:ee:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ewe language|Ewe]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ee&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:el:User:PK2/πρόχειρο|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Greek language|Greek]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:eml:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Emilian–Romagnol|Emilian–Romagnol]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;eml&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:en:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:English language|English]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:eo:User:PK2/provejo|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Esperanto|Esperanto]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;eo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:es:User:PK2/Taller|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Spanish language|Spanish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:et:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Estonian language|Estonian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;et&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:eu:User:PK2/Proba orria|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Basque language|Basque]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;eu&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ext:User:PK2/obraol|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ext&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ F
|-
| [[:fa:User:PK2/صفحه تمرین|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Persian language|Persian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fat:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] ([[:en:Fante dialect|Fante]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fat&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ff:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fula language|Fula]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ff&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Finnish language|Finnish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fiu-vro:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Võro language|Võro]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fiu-vro&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fj:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fijian language|Fijian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fj&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Faroese language|Faroese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fon:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fon language|Fon]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fon&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fr:User:PK2/Brouillon|/sandbox]] in [[:en:French language|French]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:frp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Franco-Provençal|Franco-Provençal]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;frp&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:frr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:North Frisian language|North Frisian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;frr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fur:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Friulian language|Friulian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fur&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:West Frisian language|West Frisian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fy&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ G
|-
| [[:ga:User:PK2/Clár Dubh|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Irish language|Irish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ga&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gag:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gagauz language|Gagauz]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gag&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gan:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gan Chinese|Gan Chinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gan&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gcr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:French Guianese Creole|French Guianese Creole]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gcr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Scottish Gaelic|Scottish Gaelic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Galician language|Galician]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:glk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gilaki language|Gilaki]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;glk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Guarani language|Guarani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gom:User:PK2/proiogpan|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Konkani language|Konkani]] (Goan Konkani)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gom&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:gor:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gorontalo language|Gorontalo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gor&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:got:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gothic language|Gothic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;got&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gpe:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ghanaian Pidgin English|Ghanaian Pidgin English]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gpe&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gujarati language|Gujarati]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gu&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:guc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Wayuu language|Wayuu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;guc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gur:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Farefare language|Farefare]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gur&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:guw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gun language|Gun]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;guw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Manx language|Manx]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gv&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ H
|-
| [[:ha:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hausa language|Hausa]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ha&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hak:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hakka Chinese|Hakka Chinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hak&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:haw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;haw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:he:User:PK2/טיוטה|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hebrew language|Hebrew]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hi:User:PK2/प्रयोगपृष्ठ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hindi|Hindi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hif:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fiji Hindi|Fiji Hindi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hif&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Croatian language|Croatian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hsb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Upper Sorbian language|Upper Sorbian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hsb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ht:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Haitian Creole|Haitian Creole]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ht&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hu:User:PK2/próbalap|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hungarian language|Hungarian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hu&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hy:User:PK2/Ավազարկղ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Armenian language|Armenian]] ([[:en:Eastern Armenian|Eastern Armenian]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hy&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hyw:User:PK2/Սեւագրութիւն|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Western Armenian|Western Armenian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hyw&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ I
|-
| [[:ia:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Interlingua|Interlingua]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ia&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:iba:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Iban language|Iban]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;iba&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:id:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Indonesian language|Indonesian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ie:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Interlingue|Interlingue]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ie&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ig:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Igbo language|Igbo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ig&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:igl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Igala language|Igala]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;igl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ik:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Iñupiaq language|Iñupiaq]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ik&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ilo:User:PK2/pagipadasan|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ilocano language|Ilocano]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ilo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:inh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ingush language|Ingush]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;inh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:io:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ido|Ido]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;io&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:is:User:PK2/sandkassi|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Icelandic language|Icelandic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;is&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:it:User:PK2/Sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Italian language|Italian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:iu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Inuktitut|Inuktitut]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;iu&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ J
|-
| [[:ja:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Japanese language|Japanese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ja&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:jam:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Jamaican Patois|Jamaican Patois]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;jam&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:jbo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lojban|Lojban]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;jbo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:jv:User:PK2/bak wedhi|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;jv&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ K
|-
| [[:ka:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Georgian language|Georgian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ka&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kaa:User:PK2/qaralama|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Karakalpak language|Karakalpak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kaa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kab:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kabyle language|Kabyle]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kab&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kai:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Karai-karai|Karai-karai]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kai&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kaj:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Jju language|Jju]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kaj&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kbd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kabardian language|Kabardian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kbd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kbp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kabiye language|Kabiye]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kbp&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kcg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tyap|Tyap]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kcg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kongo language|Kongo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kge:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Komering language|Komering]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kge&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ki:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kikuyu language|Kikuyu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ki&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kk:User:PK2/зертхана|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kazakh language|Kazakh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:km:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Khmer language|Khmer]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;km&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:kn:User:PK2/ಪ್ರಯೋಗಪುಟ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kannada|Kannada]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:knc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Central Kanuri|Central Kanuri]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;knc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ko:User:PK2/연습장|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Korean language|Korean]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ko&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:koi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Komi-Permyak language|Komi-Permyak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;koi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:krc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Karachay-Balkar|Karachay-Balkar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;krc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ks:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ks&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ksh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ksh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ku:User:PK2/ceribandin|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Kurmanji|Kurmanji]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ku&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kus:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kusaal language|Kusaal]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kus&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Komi language|Komi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cornish language|Cornish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ky:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ky&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ L
|-
| [[:la:User:PK2/Harenarium|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Latin|Latin]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lad:User:PK2/Kutí de prova|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Judaeo-Spanish|Judaeo-Spanish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lad&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Luxembourgish|Luxembourgish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lbe:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lak language|Lak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lbe&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lez:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lezgian language|Lezgian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lez&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lfn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lingua Franca Nova|Lingua Franca Nova]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Luganda|Luganda]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:li:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Limburgish|Limburgish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:lij:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ligurian language|Ligurian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lij&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lld:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ladin language|Ladin]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lld&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lmo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lombard language|Lombard]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lmo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ln:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lingala|Lingala]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ln&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lao language|Lao]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lt:User:PK2/juodraštis|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ltg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Latgalian language|Latgalian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ltg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lv:User:PK2/Smilšu kaste|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Latvian language|Latvian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lv&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ M
|-
| [[:mad:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Madurese language|Madurese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mad&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mai:User:PK2/प्रयोगपृष्ठ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Maithili language|Maithili]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mai&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:map-bms:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]] ([[:en:Banyumasan dialect|Banyumasan]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;map-bms&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mdf:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Moksha language|Moksha]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mdf&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Malagasy language|Malagasy]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mhr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Meadow Mari language|Meadow Mari]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mhr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Māori language|Māori]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:min:User:PK2/bak kasiak|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;min&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Macedonian language|Macedonian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ml:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Malayalam|Malayalam]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ml&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mongolian language|Mongolian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mn&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:mni:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Meitei language|Meitei]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mni&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mnw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mon language|Mon]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mnw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:m:mos:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mooré|Mooré]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Marathi language|Marathi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mrj:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hill Mari language|Hill Mari]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mrj&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ms:User:PK2/Kotak pasir|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Malay language|Malay]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ms&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Maltese language|Maltese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mwl:User:PK2/Testes|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mirandese language|Mirandese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mwl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:my:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Burmese language|Burmese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;my&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:myv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Erzya language|Erzya]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;myv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mzn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mazanderani language|Mazanderani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mzn&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ N
|-
| [[:nah:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nah&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nap:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nap&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nds:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Low German|Low German]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nds&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nds-nl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dutch Low Saxon|Dutch Low Saxon]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nds-nl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ne:User:PK2/प्रयोगस्थल|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nepali language|Nepali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ne&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:new:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Newar language|Newar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;new&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nia:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nias language|Nias]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nia&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nl:User:PK2/Kladblok|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dutch language|Dutch]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nn:User:PK2/sandkasse|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Nynorsk|Nynorsk]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nn&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:no:User:PK2/sandkasse|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Bokmål|Bokmål]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;no&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nov:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Novial|Novial]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nov&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nqo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:N'Ko language|N'Ko]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nqo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Southern Ndebele language|Southern Ndebele]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nrm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Norman language|Norman]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nrm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nso:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Northern Sotho|Northern Sotho]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nso&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nup:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nupe language|Nupe]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nup&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Navajo language|Navajo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ny:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chewa language|Chewa]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ny&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ O
|-
| [[:oc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Occitan language|Occitan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;oc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:olo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Livvi-Karelian language|Livvi-Karelian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;olo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:om:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Oromo language|Oromo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;om&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:or:User:PK2/ପରଖଘର|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Odia language|Odia]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;or&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:os:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ossetian language|Ossetian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;os&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ P
|-
| [[:pa:User:PK2/ਕੱਚਾ ਖ਼ਾਕਾ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pag:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pag&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pam:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kapampangan language|Kapampangan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pam&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pap:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Papiamento|Papiamento]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pap&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pcd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Picard language|Picard]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pcd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pcm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nigerian Pidgin|Nigerian Pidgin]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pcm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pdc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pdc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pfl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Palatine German dialects|Palatine German]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pfl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pali|Pali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pi&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:pl:User:PK2/brudnopis|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Polish language|Polish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pms:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Piedmontese language|Piedmontese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pms&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pnb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (Western Punjabi)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pnb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pnt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pontic Greek|Pontic Greek]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pnt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ppl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nawat language|Nawat]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ppl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ps:User:PK2/ازمون‌مخ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pashto|Pashto]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ps&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pt:User:PK2/Testes|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Portuguese language|Portuguese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pwn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Paiwan language|Paiwan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pwn&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ Q
|-
| [[:qu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Quechuan languages|Quechua]] ([[:en:Southern Quechua|Southern Quechua]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;qu&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ R
|-
| [[:rki:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Rakhine language|Rakhine]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rki&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Romansh language|Romansh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rmy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Romani language|Romani]] ([[:en:Vlax Romani language|Vlax Romani]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rmy&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kirundi|Kirundi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ro:User:PK2/teste|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Romanian language|Romanian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ro&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:roa-rup:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aromanian language|Aromanian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;roa-rup&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:roa-tara:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]] ([[:en:Tarantino dialect|Tarantino]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;roa-tara&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rsk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pannonian Rusyn|Pannonian Rusyn]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rsk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ru:User:PK2/Черновик|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Russian language|Russian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ru&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rue:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Rusyn language|Rusyn]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rue&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rw&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ S
|-
| [[:sa:User:PK2/प्रयोगपृष्ठम्|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sanskrit|Sanskrit]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sah:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Yakut language|Yakut]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sah&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sat:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Santali language|Santali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sat&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sardinian language|Sardinian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:scn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sicilian language|Sicilian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;scn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sco:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Scots language|Scots]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sco&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sd:User:PK2/مشق پٽي|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sindhi language|Sindhi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:se:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Northern Sámi|Northern Sámi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sango language|Sango]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sh:User:PK2/igralište|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Serbo-Croatian|Serbo-Croatian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:shi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Shilha language|Shilha]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;shi&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:shn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Shan language|Shan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;shn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:si:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sinhala language|Sinhala]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;si&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:simple:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Basic English|Basic English]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;simple&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sk:User:PK2/pieskovisko|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Slovak language|Slovak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:skr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Saraiki language|Saraiki]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;skr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Slovene language|Slovene]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Samoan language|Samoan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:smn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Inari Sámi language|Inari Sámi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;smn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Shona language|Shona]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:so:User:PK2/Bacaadka|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Somali language|Somali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;so&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sq:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Albanian language|Albanian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sq&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:sr:User:PK2/песак|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Serbian language|Serbian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:srn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sranan Tongo|Sranan Tongo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;srn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ss:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Swazi language|Swazi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ss&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:st:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sotho language|Sotho]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;st&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:stq:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Saterland Frisian language|Saterland Frisian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;stq&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:su:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sundanese language|Sundanese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sv:User:PK2/sandlåda|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Swedish language|Swedish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sw:User:PK2/ukurasa wa majaribio|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Swahili language|Swahili]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:syl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sylheti language|Sylheti]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;syl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:szl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Silesian language|Silesian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;szl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:szy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sakizaya language|Sakizaya]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;szy&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ T
|-
| [[:ta:User:PK2/மணல்தொட்டி|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tamil language|Tamil]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ta&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tay:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Atayal language|Atayal]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tay&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tcy:User:PK2/ಕಲ್ಪುನ ಕಳ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tulu language|Tulu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tcy&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tdd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tai Nuea language|Tai Nuea]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tdd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:te:User:PK2/ప్రయోగశాల|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Telugu language|Telugu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tet:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tetum language|Tetum]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tet&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tg:User:PK2/Сиёҳнавис|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tajik language|Tajik]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:th:User:PK2/ทดลองเขียน|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Thai language|Thai]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;th&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ti:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tigrinya language|Tigrinya]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ti&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tig:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tigre language|Tigre]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tig&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Turkmen language|Turkmen]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tl:User:PK2/burador|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tagalog language|Tagalog]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tly:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Talysh language|Talysh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tly&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:tn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tswana language|Tswana]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:to:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tongan language|Tongan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tok:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Toki Pona|Toki Pona]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tok&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tpi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tok Pisin|Tok Pisin]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tpi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tr:User:PK2/deneme tahtası|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Turkish language|Turkish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:trv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Seediq language|Seediq]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;trv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ts:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tsonga language|Tsonga]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ts&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tatar language|Tatar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tum:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tumbuka language|Tumbuka]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tum&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] (Twi)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ty:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tahitian language|Tahitian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ty&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tyv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tuvan language|Tuvan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tyv&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ U
|-
| [[:udm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Udmurt language|Udmurt]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;udm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ug:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Uyghur language|Uyghur]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ug&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:uk:User:PK2/Чернетка|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;uk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ur:User:PK2/تختۂ مشق|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Urdu|Urdu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ur&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:uz:User:PK2/qumloq|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Uzbek language|Uzbek]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;uz&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ V
|-
| [[:ve:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Venda language|Venda]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ve&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vec:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Venetian language|Venetian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vec&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vep:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Veps language|Veps]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vep&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vi:User:PK2/nháp|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vls:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:West Flemish|West Flemish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vls&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vo&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ W
|-
| [[:wa:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Walloon language|Walloon]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;wa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:war:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Waray language|Waray]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;war&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:wo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Wolof language|Wolof]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;wo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:wuu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Wu Chinese|Wu Chinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;wuu&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ X
|-
| [[:xal:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Oirat language|Oirat]] ([[:en:Kalmyk Oirat|Kalmyk Oirat]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;xal&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:xh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Xhosa language|Xhosa]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;xh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:xmf:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mingrelian language|Mingrelian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;xmf&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ Y
|-
| [[:yi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Yiddish|Yiddish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;yi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:yo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Yoruba language|Yoruba]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;yo&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ Z
|-
| [[:za:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zhuang languages|Zhuang]] ([[:en:Standard Zhuang|Standard Zhuang]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;za&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zea:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zeelandic|Zeelandic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zea&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zgh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Standard Moroccan Amazigh|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zgh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zh:User:PK2/沙盒|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chinese language|Chinese]] ([[:en:Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zh-classical:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Classical Chinese|Classical Chinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zh-classical&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zh-min-nan:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Southern Min|Southern Min]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zh-min-nan&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zh-yue:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cantonese|Cantonese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zh-yue&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zulu language|Zulu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zu&lt;/code&gt;)
|}</text>
      <sha1>lqv4jf4ytbpqgk0b4c59pskg40l4i1p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ikiyaga Tanganyika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5490</id>
    <revision>
      <id>27021</id>
      <parentid>26991</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:11:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27021</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5325" sha1="bumvd0kqpncd5lsar1bo65082qi7psi" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

Ikivu Tanganyika gifise:

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

Ibinyabuzima bibamwo

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

Ibinyabuzima birimwo:

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

Ingorane zihari

Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

Muncamake

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>bumvd0kqpncd5lsar1bo65082qi7psi</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27022</id>
      <parentid>27021</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:12:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27022</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5326" sha1="9s4j9rf0pm58uk013dtbdrb1d763uk9" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

Ikivu Tanganyika gifise:

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

Ibinyabuzima bibamwo

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

Ibinyabuzima birimwo:

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

Ingorane zihari

Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

Muncamake

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>9s4j9rf0pm58uk013dtbdrb1d763uk9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27023</id>
      <parentid>27022</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:12:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27023</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5332" sha1="cgmf40co33rjvpn8r3li8y1fdwfurvn" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

Ikivu Tanganyika gifise:

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

Ibinyabuzima bibamwo

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

Ibinyabuzima birimwo:

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

Ingorane zihari

Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

Muncamake

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>cgmf40co33rjvpn8r3li8y1fdwfurvn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27024</id>
      <parentid>27023</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:13:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27024</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5340" sha1="drgc0wce05qh0fo6e7mh5ueq1rjy6ee" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

Ibinyabuzima bibamwo

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

Ibinyabuzima birimwo:

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

Ingorane zihari

Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

Muncamake

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>drgc0wce05qh0fo6e7mh5ueq1rjy6ee</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27025</id>
      <parentid>27024</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:13:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27025</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5347" sha1="rexkudoc0i9cnokkcs3q2492nku6a75" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

Ibinyabuzima birimwo:

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

Ingorane zihari

Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

Muncamake

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>rexkudoc0i9cnokkcs3q2492nku6a75</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27026</id>
      <parentid>27025</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:14:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27026</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5353" sha1="dsjmrqwl29whqs6bbcmopcqfpsqp78o" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

Ingorane zihari

Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

Muncamake

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>dsjmrqwl29whqs6bbcmopcqfpsqp78o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27027</id>
      <parentid>27026</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:15:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27027</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5359" sha1="a0g4h5jlodqls88wzizet308m08cmrb" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

Ingorane zihari

Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

Muncamake

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>a0g4h5jlodqls88wzizet308m08cmrb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27028</id>
      <parentid>27027</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:16:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27028</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5371" sha1="gip7ca7vhu24840noouu0x4tdgc6p2v" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

Muncamake

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>gip7ca7vhu24840noouu0x4tdgc6p2v</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27029</id>
      <parentid>27028</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:17:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27029</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5377" sha1="c07tgc83nlbb72gc78mcx51scoxl23q" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>c07tgc83nlbb72gc78mcx51scoxl23q</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27030</id>
      <parentid>27029</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:21:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27030</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5385" sha1="48j7604lmotyd265kx2vwvkymoxja6y" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, [[RDC|Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “Great Rift Valley”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>48j7604lmotyd265kx2vwvkymoxja6y</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27031</id>
      <parentid>27030</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T17:24:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27031</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5411" sha1="mc4ibp6uihz5ql0ap7za5fj6srusyo0" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, [[RDC|Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], Tanzaniya na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “[[:en:Great_Rift_Valley|Great Rift Valley]]”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>mc4ibp6uihz5ql0ap7za5fj6srusyo0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27032</id>
      <parentid>27031</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T18:04:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27032</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5415" sha1="8skrp6h653d6vwtdwyuej66oi4q0x9g" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: Uburundi, [[RDC|Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], [[Tanzaniya]] na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “[[:en:Great_Rift_Valley|Great Rift Valley]]”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>8skrp6h653d6vwtdwyuej66oi4q0x9g</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27033</id>
      <parentid>27032</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T18:06:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27033</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5419" sha1="fgmwfwkd0nuhxhvwh8y82me5qmldnv4" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: [[Uburundi]], [[RDC|Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], [[Tanzaniya]] na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “[[:en:Great_Rift_Valley|Great Rift Valley]]”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya Bujumbura n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>fgmwfwkd0nuhxhvwh8y82me5qmldnv4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27034</id>
      <parentid>27033</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T18:07:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27034</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5423" sha1="ftyek98n4eyyf229xj4vrk0nocfiain" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: [[Uburundi]], [[RDC|Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], [[Tanzaniya]] na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “[[:en:Great_Rift_Valley|Great Rift Valley]]”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya [[Bujumbura]] n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu Burundi, ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>ftyek98n4eyyf229xj4vrk0nocfiain</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27035</id>
      <parentid>27034</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T18:08:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27035</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5436" sha1="b3jj9m8w8bm0yrklbzrrbwk3nln2v1p" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: [[Uburundi]], [[RDC|Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], [[Tanzaniya]] na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’isi, kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “[[:en:Great_Rift_Valley|Great Rift Valley]]”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya [[Bujumbura]] n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu [[Uburundi|Burundi]], ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>b3jj9m8w8bm0yrklbzrrbwk3nln2v1p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27036</id>
      <parentid>27035</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T18:16:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27036</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5440" sha1="7flnrwqc5uvzhe8h4tcf5inkm2ypswn" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: [[Uburundi]], [[RDC|Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], [[Tanzaniya]] na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’[[isi]], kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “[[:en:Great_Rift_Valley|Great Rift Valley]]”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya [[Bujumbura]] n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu [[Uburundi|Burundi]], ahantu nko mu Rumonge na Bujumbura harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>7flnrwqc5uvzhe8h4tcf5inkm2ypswn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27037</id>
      <parentid>27036</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T18:53:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-32560-90</username>
        <id>11468</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27037</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5444" sha1="lmqattdd3q57a2b58hb1nyyp9zww585" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: [[Uburundi]], [[RDC|Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], [[Tanzaniya]] na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’[[isi]], kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “[[:en:Great_Rift_Valley|Great Rift Valley]]”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “Rift Valley”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya [[Bujumbura]] n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu [[Uburundi|Burundi]], ahantu nko mu Rumonge na [[Bujumbura]] harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>lmqattdd3q57a2b58hb1nyyp9zww585</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27077</id>
      <parentid>27037</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T08:22:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27077</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5464" sha1="bg48zltvorgj3xett3pqh2iv1p4oy3u" xml:space="preserve">'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika'''

'''Intangamarara'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] ni kimwe mu biyaga binini kandi birimwo amazi meza biri kw’isi. Giherereye mu Buseruko bwa [[:fr:Afrique|Afrika]], kikaba gisangiwe n’ibihugu bine ari vyo: [[Uburundi]], [[RDC|Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], [[Tanzaniya]] na Zambiya. Ni ikiyaga gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi, mu buhinga bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, no mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima.

Kizwi kandi ko kiri mu biyaga vya kera cane kw’[[isi]], kuko abashakashatsi bavuga ko kimaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi kibayeho, kikaba kiri mu karere kazwi nka “[[:en:Great_Rift_Valley|Great Rift Valley]]”.

'''Aho giherereye n’ukuntu kimeze:'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika giherereye mu Buseruko bwa Afrika, mu kibanza citwa “[[:en:Rift_valley|Rift Valley]]”, ahantu hari imisozi n’imitumba vyatewe n’ihindagurika ry’isi.

Gifise uburebure burenga kilometero 600, kikaba kiri mu biyaga birebire cane kw’isi. Ubujakuzimu bwaco burenga 1400 metres, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu biyaga vyimbitse kurusha ibindi vyose biri kw’isi.

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gikora ku ntara za Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural na Rumonge, aho kibera isoko ikomeye y’ubuzima ku banyagihugu.

'''Amateka y’Ikiyaga Tanganyika:'''

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Ikiyaga Tanganyika cabayeho kuva kera cane mu mateka y’isi, kikaba kiri mu biyaga vya kera vyahoraho kuva kera.

Mu bihe vya kera, ico kiyaga cari gifise akamaro mu nzira z’ubudandaji hagati y’abanyagihugu bo mu karere kaco. Abantu bakoresheje ico kiyaga mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu bakoresheje ubwato butandukanye bw’imbaho.

Mu gihe c’ubukoloni, ico kiyaga carakomeje kuba ikintu gihambaye mu bijanye n’ubwikorezi n’ubudandaji hagati y’ibihugu vyahurira kuri co.

Uburebure, ubujakuzimu n’ukuntu giteye

'''Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise:'''

Uburebure burenga 600 km

Ubwaguke butandukanye bushobora kugera kuri 50–70 km

Ubujakuzimu burenga 1400 m

Ibi bituma kiba kimwe mu biyaga bifise amazi menshi cane kw’isi.

Amazi yaco arimwo umwihariko kuko arimwo umunyu muke cane, bigatuma abenshi babona ko ari amazi meza kandi akwiye gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri musi.

'''Ibinyabuzima bibamwo:'''

Ikiyaga [[Tanganyika]] gifise ibinyabuzima vyinshi cane, cane cane amafi adasanzwe ataboneka ahandi kw’isi.

Hari ubwoko bw’amafi burenga 300 bwemewe n’abashakashatsi, kandi bwinshi muri bwo buboneka gusa muri ico kiyaga.

'''Ibinyabuzima birimwo:'''

Amafi yo mu bwoko bwa cichlids

Ingona zitandukanye

Utunyabuzima two mu mazi tudashobora kuboneka ahandi

Ibi bituma ico kiyaga kiba ikibanza gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima.

Akamaro k’Ikiyaga Tanganyika

1. Uburovyi

Ikivu Tanganyika ni isoko rikomeye y’amafi ku banyagihugu. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n’uburovyi, bakabona amafaranga n’ivyokurya bivuye kuri ico kiyaga.

Amafi ava muri ico kiyaga aragurishwa mu masoko ya [[Bujumbura]] n’ahandi mu gihugu, bigatuma agira uruhara mu butunzi bw’igihugu.

2. Ubwikorezi

Abantu bakoresha ico kiyaga mu gutembera hagati y’ibihugu bihana imbibe na co. Amato atwara abantu n’ibintu ku buryo bworoshe kandi butekanye mu bice bimwebimwe.

3. Amazi n’ubuzima

Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifasha mu gutanga amazi akoreshwa n’abantu baba ku nkengera yaco. Naho amazi atanywa atunganijwe, agira akamaro mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’ubuzima bwa buri musi.

4. Ingenzi

Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirakwegakwega ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera ubwiza bwaco, imisozi igikikuje, n’ibibanza vyiza vyo kuruhukirako.

Mu [[Uburundi|Burundi]], ahantu nko mu Rumonge na [[Bujumbura]] harazwi kubera ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri ico kiyaga.

5. Ubushakashatsi

Abashakashatsi bakoresha Ikiyaga Tanganyika mu kwiga ibijanye n’ihindagurika ry’isi, ibinyabuzima, n’ukuntu amazi abaho mu biyaga binini.

Akamaro mu butunzi bw’Uburundi

'''Mu Burundi, Ikiyaga Tanganyika gifise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi:'''

Gitanga akazi ku barovyi benshi

Gituma haba isoko ry’amafi i Bujumbura n’ahandi

Gishigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubunini

Giteza imbere ubukerarugendo

Giteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi

'''Ingorane zihari'''

'''Naho gifise akamaro kanini, Ikiya Tanganyika kirafise ingorane zitandukanye:'''

1. Uburovyi bw'indenza rugero

Abantu bariko bararoba amafi menshi cane, bigatuma amafi amwe amwe agabanuka.

2. Ukwandura kw’amazi

Imyanda iva mu bisagara n’amahinguriro ishobora kwanduza ico kiyaga.

3. Ihindagurika ry’ibihe

Ihinduka ry’ibihe rishobora kugira ico rihinduye ku buzima bw’amafi n’urugero rw’amazi.

4. Gukoresha uburyo budakwiye bwo kuroba

Hari abakoresha imitego itemewe, bikonona ibinyabuzima.

Ingene gikingirwa

Hafashwe ingingo zitandukanye mu gukingira ikiyaga Tanganyika:

Gushiraho amategeko agenga uburovyi

Kurwanya kwanduza amazi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gushigikira uburovyi burama (sustainable fishing)

Akamaro kaco mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu

Abantu benshi baba ku nkengera y’ico kiyaga babeshwaho na co ku musi ku musi. Gitanga:

Ibiribwa (amafi)

Akazi

Ubucuruzi

Amahoro y’ubuzima kubera ibidukikije vyiza

'''Muncamake'''

Ikiyaga Tanganyika ni kimwe mu biyaga bikuru vy’isi gifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu, mu butunzi no mu binyabuzima. Kukibungabunga ni igikorwa ca bose kugira ngo kizogume kibera isoko ry’ubuzima ku bihugu bigihana imbibe no ku bisekuru bizovuka.</text>
      <sha1>bg48zltvorgj3xett3pqh2iv1p4oy3u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Uruzi Nyabukongoro</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5491</id>
    <revision>
      <id>26999</id>
      <parentid>26995</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:39:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>26999</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3810" sha1="2zv66qtgtnjvjwqh8bg485emewcov5u" xml:space="preserve">'''URUZI NYABUKONGORO:''' 

AMATEKA, AKAMARO N’URUHARE RWARWO MU BUZIMA BW’ABANYA MURAMVYA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni rumwe mu migezi mito ariko ifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije vyo mu ntara ya Muramvya mu Burundi. Uru ruzi ruzwi cane mu mateka y’aho ruherereye, mu mibereho y’abanyagihugu, no mu gutuma isindimwa buguma bwiyongera kubera amazi yarwo atembera mu misozi itandukanye.

1. AHO URUZI NYABUKONGORO RUHEREREYE N’UKO RUGENDA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ruca mu misozi myiza y’intara ya Muramvya. Ruraca mu bice bitandukanye birimwo:

Umusozi wa Remera

Umusozi wa Murambi

Umusozi wa Muramvya

Umusozi wa Musagara

Umusozi wa Masango

Ayo matongo y’imisozi arangwa n’uburimyi n’imvura nyinshi igafasha uruzi kuguma rufise amazi mu bihe vyinshi vy’umwaka. Uruzi Nyabukongoro ruvuka mu misozi mito, rukagenda ruterera mu bice bitandukanye, rugakomeza rujana amazi yarwo mu bindi bice.

Mu nyuma, amazi yarwo yisuka mu rundi ruzi runini bita Mucece, aho amazi yarwo akomeza urugendo rwerekeza mu yindi migezi minini y’igihugu.

2. AKAMARO K’URUZI NYABUKONGORO

Uruzi Nyabukongoro rufise akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi yarwo.

a) Amazi ni ubuzima bwa buri munsi

Abantu baba mu bice rucamwo barukoresha mu bikorwa bitandukanye vya buri munsi nko:

Kumesa impuzu n’ibikoresho

Kuvomera ibitungwa

Gukoresha mu mirimo yo murugo

Amazi yarwo, iyo ayunguruwe neza, ashobora no gukoreshwa mu kunywa.

b) Uburimyi

Uruzi Nyabukongoro ni isôko rikomeye ry’amazi afasha uburimyi. Abarimyi barukoresha mu:

Kuvomera imirima y’ibigori, ibiharage, imboga n’ibindi birimwa

Gutuma isi ndimwa iguma imeze neza

Gufasha ibiterwa gukura neza mu bihe vy’izuba

c) Ibidukikije n’ibinyabuzima

Ku nkengero z’uruzi Nyabukongoro habamwo ibiti n’ibimera bitandukanye bifasha:

Kwirinda inkukura

Gutuma amazi aguma asukuye

Gutunga ibikoko vyo mu mazi nk’amafi n’utundi tunyabuzima

3. URUHARE RW’URUZI MURI KAHISE

Muri kahise k'aho ruherereye, uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rwari rufise n’akamaro kadasanzwe mu buzima bw’imico n'imigenzo y'ubwami.

Hari inkuru z’abasokuru zemeza ko kera, inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi y’uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro. Ibi vyerekana ko uru ruzi rwari rufise agaciro kanini, atari ku banyagihugu gusa, ariko no ku muryango w’ubwami. Uruzi rwari rufatwa nk’ahantu heza, hasukuye kandi hafise amazi meza y’ibitungwa y’agaciro nk’inka z’umwami.

Ibi bituma Nyabukongoro ruba uruzi rufise n’agaciro k’umuco n’amateka, si amazi gusa ahubwo n’inkomoko y’ivyari bihambaye mu buzima bwa kera.

4. IBIBAZO URUZI RUSHOBORA GUHURA NAVYO

Naho rufise akamaro kanini, uruzi Nyabukongoro rushobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye:

Isuri iterwa no gucibwa kw’amashamba ku nkengero zarwo

Ukwandura kw’amazi kubera imyanda canke ibikorwa vy’abantu

Kurimira hafi cane y’uruzi bigatuma inzira yarwo ihinduka

Imyuzure mu bihe vy’imvura nyinshi

Ibi bibazo bishobora gutuma uruzi rudakora neza nk’uko bikwiye.

5. UKO URUZI RWOKINGIRWA

Kugira ngo uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rukomeze gufasha abantu n’ibidukikije, hari ingingo zikwiye gufatwa:

Gutera ibiti ku nkengera zarwo

Kwirinda guta imyanda mu mazi

Kwirinda kurima cane hafi y’uruzi

Gukingira amasoko y’amazi avamwo uruzi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kurukingira

GUSOZERA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni itunga kavukire rifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu b'i Muramvya. Ruca mu misozi ya Remera, Murambi, Muramvya, Musagara na Masango, hanyuma rukisuka mu ruzi rwa Mucece. Rufise uruhare runini mu burimyi, mu buzima bwa buri munsi, no mu muco w’aho ruherereye, aho kera n’inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi.

Gukingira uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni gukingira ubuzima, uburimyi n’iterambere rya kazoza.</text>
      <sha1>2zv66qtgtnjvjwqh8bg485emewcov5u</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27000</id>
      <parentid>26999</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:40:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27000</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3816" sha1="h344to4szxk6sic5zpxfkzjj096ikz7" xml:space="preserve">'''URUZI NYABUKONGORO:''' 

'''AMATEKA, AKAMARO N’URUHARE RWARWO MU BUZIMA BW’ABANYA MURAMVYA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni rumwe mu migezi mito ariko ifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije vyo mu ntara ya Muramvya mu Burundi. Uru ruzi ruzwi cane mu mateka y’aho ruherereye, mu mibereho y’abanyagihugu, no mu gutuma isindimwa buguma bwiyongera kubera amazi yarwo atembera mu misozi itandukanye.

1. AHO URUZI NYABUKONGORO RUHEREREYE N’UKO RUGENDA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ruca mu misozi myiza y’intara ya Muramvya. Ruraca mu bice bitandukanye birimwo:

Umusozi wa Remera

Umusozi wa Murambi

Umusozi wa Muramvya

Umusozi wa Musagara

Umusozi wa Masango

Ayo matongo y’imisozi arangwa n’uburimyi n’imvura nyinshi igafasha uruzi kuguma rufise amazi mu bihe vyinshi vy’umwaka. Uruzi Nyabukongoro ruvuka mu misozi mito, rukagenda ruterera mu bice bitandukanye, rugakomeza rujana amazi yarwo mu bindi bice.

Mu nyuma, amazi yarwo yisuka mu rundi ruzi runini bita Mucece, aho amazi yarwo akomeza urugendo rwerekeza mu yindi migezi minini y’igihugu.

2. AKAMARO K’URUZI NYABUKONGORO

Uruzi Nyabukongoro rufise akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi yarwo.

a) Amazi ni ubuzima bwa buri munsi

Abantu baba mu bice rucamwo barukoresha mu bikorwa bitandukanye vya buri munsi nko:

Kumesa impuzu n’ibikoresho

Kuvomera ibitungwa

Gukoresha mu mirimo yo murugo

Amazi yarwo, iyo ayunguruwe neza, ashobora no gukoreshwa mu kunywa.

b) Uburimyi

Uruzi Nyabukongoro ni isôko rikomeye ry’amazi afasha uburimyi. Abarimyi barukoresha mu:

Kuvomera imirima y’ibigori, ibiharage, imboga n’ibindi birimwa

Gutuma isi ndimwa iguma imeze neza

Gufasha ibiterwa gukura neza mu bihe vy’izuba

c) Ibidukikije n’ibinyabuzima

Ku nkengero z’uruzi Nyabukongoro habamwo ibiti n’ibimera bitandukanye bifasha:

Kwirinda inkukura

Gutuma amazi aguma asukuye

Gutunga ibikoko vyo mu mazi nk’amafi n’utundi tunyabuzima

3. URUHARE RW’URUZI MURI KAHISE

Muri kahise k'aho ruherereye, uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rwari rufise n’akamaro kadasanzwe mu buzima bw’imico n'imigenzo y'ubwami.

Hari inkuru z’abasokuru zemeza ko kera, inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi y’uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro. Ibi vyerekana ko uru ruzi rwari rufise agaciro kanini, atari ku banyagihugu gusa, ariko no ku muryango w’ubwami. Uruzi rwari rufatwa nk’ahantu heza, hasukuye kandi hafise amazi meza y’ibitungwa y’agaciro nk’inka z’umwami.

Ibi bituma Nyabukongoro ruba uruzi rufise n’agaciro k’umuco n’amateka, si amazi gusa ahubwo n’inkomoko y’ivyari bihambaye mu buzima bwa kera.

4. IBIBAZO URUZI RUSHOBORA GUHURA NAVYO

Naho rufise akamaro kanini, uruzi Nyabukongoro rushobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye:

Isuri iterwa no gucibwa kw’amashamba ku nkengero zarwo

Ukwandura kw’amazi kubera imyanda canke ibikorwa vy’abantu

Kurimira hafi cane y’uruzi bigatuma inzira yarwo ihinduka

Imyuzure mu bihe vy’imvura nyinshi

Ibi bibazo bishobora gutuma uruzi rudakora neza nk’uko bikwiye.

5. UKO URUZI RWOKINGIRWA

Kugira ngo uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rukomeze gufasha abantu n’ibidukikije, hari ingingo zikwiye gufatwa:

Gutera ibiti ku nkengera zarwo

Kwirinda guta imyanda mu mazi

Kwirinda kurima cane hafi y’uruzi

Gukingira amasoko y’amazi avamwo uruzi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kurukingira

GUSOZERA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni itunga kavukire rifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu b'i Muramvya. Ruca mu misozi ya Remera, Murambi, Muramvya, Musagara na Masango, hanyuma rukisuka mu ruzi rwa Mucece. Rufise uruhare runini mu burimyi, mu buzima bwa buri munsi, no mu muco w’aho ruherereye, aho kera n’inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi.

Gukingira uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni gukingira ubuzima, uburimyi n’iterambere rya kazoza.</text>
      <sha1>h344to4szxk6sic5zpxfkzjj096ikz7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27001</id>
      <parentid>27000</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:40:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27001</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3822" sha1="2n24nw1wiuqa8lx8oexkk93kedmj9it" xml:space="preserve">'''URUZI NYABUKONGORO:''' 

'''AMATEKA, AKAMARO N’URUHARE RWARWO MU BUZIMA BW’ABANYA MURAMVYA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni rumwe mu migezi mito ariko ifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije vyo mu ntara ya Muramvya mu Burundi. Uru ruzi ruzwi cane mu mateka y’aho ruherereye, mu mibereho y’abanyagihugu, no mu gutuma isindimwa buguma bwiyongera kubera amazi yarwo atembera mu misozi itandukanye.

'''1. AHO URUZI NYABUKONGORO RUHEREREYE N’UKO RUGENDA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ruca mu misozi myiza y’intara ya Muramvya. Ruraca mu bice bitandukanye birimwo:

Umusozi wa Remera

Umusozi wa Murambi

Umusozi wa Muramvya

Umusozi wa Musagara

Umusozi wa Masango

Ayo matongo y’imisozi arangwa n’uburimyi n’imvura nyinshi igafasha uruzi kuguma rufise amazi mu bihe vyinshi vy’umwaka. Uruzi Nyabukongoro ruvuka mu misozi mito, rukagenda ruterera mu bice bitandukanye, rugakomeza rujana amazi yarwo mu bindi bice.

Mu nyuma, amazi yarwo yisuka mu rundi ruzi runini bita Mucece, aho amazi yarwo akomeza urugendo rwerekeza mu yindi migezi minini y’igihugu.

2. AKAMARO K’URUZI NYABUKONGORO

Uruzi Nyabukongoro rufise akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi yarwo.

a) Amazi ni ubuzima bwa buri munsi

Abantu baba mu bice rucamwo barukoresha mu bikorwa bitandukanye vya buri munsi nko:

Kumesa impuzu n’ibikoresho

Kuvomera ibitungwa

Gukoresha mu mirimo yo murugo

Amazi yarwo, iyo ayunguruwe neza, ashobora no gukoreshwa mu kunywa.

b) Uburimyi

Uruzi Nyabukongoro ni isôko rikomeye ry’amazi afasha uburimyi. Abarimyi barukoresha mu:

Kuvomera imirima y’ibigori, ibiharage, imboga n’ibindi birimwa

Gutuma isi ndimwa iguma imeze neza

Gufasha ibiterwa gukura neza mu bihe vy’izuba

c) Ibidukikije n’ibinyabuzima

Ku nkengero z’uruzi Nyabukongoro habamwo ibiti n’ibimera bitandukanye bifasha:

Kwirinda inkukura

Gutuma amazi aguma asukuye

Gutunga ibikoko vyo mu mazi nk’amafi n’utundi tunyabuzima

3. URUHARE RW’URUZI MURI KAHISE

Muri kahise k'aho ruherereye, uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rwari rufise n’akamaro kadasanzwe mu buzima bw’imico n'imigenzo y'ubwami.

Hari inkuru z’abasokuru zemeza ko kera, inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi y’uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro. Ibi vyerekana ko uru ruzi rwari rufise agaciro kanini, atari ku banyagihugu gusa, ariko no ku muryango w’ubwami. Uruzi rwari rufatwa nk’ahantu heza, hasukuye kandi hafise amazi meza y’ibitungwa y’agaciro nk’inka z’umwami.

Ibi bituma Nyabukongoro ruba uruzi rufise n’agaciro k’umuco n’amateka, si amazi gusa ahubwo n’inkomoko y’ivyari bihambaye mu buzima bwa kera.

4. IBIBAZO URUZI RUSHOBORA GUHURA NAVYO

Naho rufise akamaro kanini, uruzi Nyabukongoro rushobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye:

Isuri iterwa no gucibwa kw’amashamba ku nkengero zarwo

Ukwandura kw’amazi kubera imyanda canke ibikorwa vy’abantu

Kurimira hafi cane y’uruzi bigatuma inzira yarwo ihinduka

Imyuzure mu bihe vy’imvura nyinshi

Ibi bibazo bishobora gutuma uruzi rudakora neza nk’uko bikwiye.

5. UKO URUZI RWOKINGIRWA

Kugira ngo uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rukomeze gufasha abantu n’ibidukikije, hari ingingo zikwiye gufatwa:

Gutera ibiti ku nkengera zarwo

Kwirinda guta imyanda mu mazi

Kwirinda kurima cane hafi y’uruzi

Gukingira amasoko y’amazi avamwo uruzi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kurukingira

GUSOZERA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni itunga kavukire rifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu b'i Muramvya. Ruca mu misozi ya Remera, Murambi, Muramvya, Musagara na Masango, hanyuma rukisuka mu ruzi rwa Mucece. Rufise uruhare runini mu burimyi, mu buzima bwa buri munsi, no mu muco w’aho ruherereye, aho kera n’inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi.

Gukingira uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni gukingira ubuzima, uburimyi n’iterambere rya kazoza.</text>
      <sha1>2n24nw1wiuqa8lx8oexkk93kedmj9it</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27002</id>
      <parentid>27001</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:41:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27002</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3828" sha1="dy0eklgjx16km5tfq9x0sm8tdq9exz5" xml:space="preserve">'''URUZI NYABUKONGORO:''' 

'''AMATEKA, AKAMARO N’URUHARE RWARWO MU BUZIMA BW’ABANYA MURAMVYA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni rumwe mu migezi mito ariko ifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije vyo mu ntara ya Muramvya mu Burundi. Uru ruzi ruzwi cane mu mateka y’aho ruherereye, mu mibereho y’abanyagihugu, no mu gutuma isindimwa buguma bwiyongera kubera amazi yarwo atembera mu misozi itandukanye.

'''1. AHO URUZI NYABUKONGORO RUHEREREYE N’UKO RUGENDA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ruca mu misozi myiza y’intara ya Muramvya. Ruraca mu bice bitandukanye birimwo:

Umusozi wa Remera

Umusozi wa Murambi

Umusozi wa Muramvya

Umusozi wa Musagara

Umusozi wa Masango

Ayo matongo y’imisozi arangwa n’uburimyi n’imvura nyinshi igafasha uruzi kuguma rufise amazi mu bihe vyinshi vy’umwaka. Uruzi Nyabukongoro ruvuka mu misozi mito, rukagenda ruterera mu bice bitandukanye, rugakomeza rujana amazi yarwo mu bindi bice.

Mu nyuma, amazi yarwo yisuka mu rundi ruzi runini bita Mucece, aho amazi yarwo akomeza urugendo rwerekeza mu yindi migezi minini y’igihugu.

'''2. AKAMARO K’URUZI NYABUKONGORO'''

Uruzi Nyabukongoro rufise akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi yarwo.

a) Amazi ni ubuzima bwa buri munsi

Abantu baba mu bice rucamwo barukoresha mu bikorwa bitandukanye vya buri munsi nko:

Kumesa impuzu n’ibikoresho

Kuvomera ibitungwa

Gukoresha mu mirimo yo murugo

Amazi yarwo, iyo ayunguruwe neza, ashobora no gukoreshwa mu kunywa.

b) Uburimyi

Uruzi Nyabukongoro ni isôko rikomeye ry’amazi afasha uburimyi. Abarimyi barukoresha mu:

Kuvomera imirima y’ibigori, ibiharage, imboga n’ibindi birimwa

Gutuma isi ndimwa iguma imeze neza

Gufasha ibiterwa gukura neza mu bihe vy’izuba

c) Ibidukikije n’ibinyabuzima

Ku nkengero z’uruzi Nyabukongoro habamwo ibiti n’ibimera bitandukanye bifasha:

Kwirinda inkukura

Gutuma amazi aguma asukuye

Gutunga ibikoko vyo mu mazi nk’amafi n’utundi tunyabuzima

3. URUHARE RW’URUZI MURI KAHISE

Muri kahise k'aho ruherereye, uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rwari rufise n’akamaro kadasanzwe mu buzima bw’imico n'imigenzo y'ubwami.

Hari inkuru z’abasokuru zemeza ko kera, inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi y’uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro. Ibi vyerekana ko uru ruzi rwari rufise agaciro kanini, atari ku banyagihugu gusa, ariko no ku muryango w’ubwami. Uruzi rwari rufatwa nk’ahantu heza, hasukuye kandi hafise amazi meza y’ibitungwa y’agaciro nk’inka z’umwami.

Ibi bituma Nyabukongoro ruba uruzi rufise n’agaciro k’umuco n’amateka, si amazi gusa ahubwo n’inkomoko y’ivyari bihambaye mu buzima bwa kera.

4. IBIBAZO URUZI RUSHOBORA GUHURA NAVYO

Naho rufise akamaro kanini, uruzi Nyabukongoro rushobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye:

Isuri iterwa no gucibwa kw’amashamba ku nkengero zarwo

Ukwandura kw’amazi kubera imyanda canke ibikorwa vy’abantu

Kurimira hafi cane y’uruzi bigatuma inzira yarwo ihinduka

Imyuzure mu bihe vy’imvura nyinshi

Ibi bibazo bishobora gutuma uruzi rudakora neza nk’uko bikwiye.

5. UKO URUZI RWOKINGIRWA

Kugira ngo uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rukomeze gufasha abantu n’ibidukikije, hari ingingo zikwiye gufatwa:

Gutera ibiti ku nkengera zarwo

Kwirinda guta imyanda mu mazi

Kwirinda kurima cane hafi y’uruzi

Gukingira amasoko y’amazi avamwo uruzi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kurukingira

GUSOZERA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni itunga kavukire rifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu b'i Muramvya. Ruca mu misozi ya Remera, Murambi, Muramvya, Musagara na Masango, hanyuma rukisuka mu ruzi rwa Mucece. Rufise uruhare runini mu burimyi, mu buzima bwa buri munsi, no mu muco w’aho ruherereye, aho kera n’inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi.

Gukingira uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni gukingira ubuzima, uburimyi n’iterambere rya kazoza.</text>
      <sha1>dy0eklgjx16km5tfq9x0sm8tdq9exz5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27003</id>
      <parentid>27002</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:42:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment> #AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27003</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3834" sha1="pmongag7og4uxl3hxj15s94j55bttkm" xml:space="preserve">'''URUZI NYABUKONGORO:''' 

'''AMATEKA, AKAMARO N’URUHARE RWARWO MU BUZIMA BW’ABANYA MURAMVYA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni rumwe mu migezi mito ariko ifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije vyo mu ntara ya Muramvya mu Burundi. Uru ruzi ruzwi cane mu mateka y’aho ruherereye, mu mibereho y’abanyagihugu, no mu gutuma isindimwa buguma bwiyongera kubera amazi yarwo atembera mu misozi itandukanye.

'''1. AHO URUZI NYABUKONGORO RUHEREREYE N’UKO RUGENDA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ruca mu misozi myiza y’intara ya Muramvya. Ruraca mu bice bitandukanye birimwo:

Umusozi wa Remera

Umusozi wa Murambi

Umusozi wa Muramvya

Umusozi wa Musagara

Umusozi wa Masango

Ayo matongo y’imisozi arangwa n’uburimyi n’imvura nyinshi igafasha uruzi kuguma rufise amazi mu bihe vyinshi vy’umwaka. Uruzi Nyabukongoro ruvuka mu misozi mito, rukagenda ruterera mu bice bitandukanye, rugakomeza rujana amazi yarwo mu bindi bice.

Mu nyuma, amazi yarwo yisuka mu rundi ruzi runini bita Mucece, aho amazi yarwo akomeza urugendo rwerekeza mu yindi migezi minini y’igihugu.

'''2. AKAMARO K’URUZI NYABUKONGORO'''

Uruzi Nyabukongoro rufise akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi yarwo.

a) Amazi ni ubuzima bwa buri munsi

Abantu baba mu bice rucamwo barukoresha mu bikorwa bitandukanye vya buri munsi nko:

Kumesa impuzu n’ibikoresho

Kuvomera ibitungwa

Gukoresha mu mirimo yo murugo

Amazi yarwo, iyo ayunguruwe neza, ashobora no gukoreshwa mu kunywa.

b) Uburimyi

Uruzi Nyabukongoro ni isôko rikomeye ry’amazi afasha uburimyi. Abarimyi barukoresha mu:

Kuvomera imirima y’ibigori, ibiharage, imboga n’ibindi birimwa

Gutuma isi ndimwa iguma imeze neza

Gufasha ibiterwa gukura neza mu bihe vy’izuba

c) Ibidukikije n’ibinyabuzima

Ku nkengero z’uruzi Nyabukongoro habamwo ibiti n’ibimera bitandukanye bifasha:

Kwirinda inkukura

Gutuma amazi aguma asukuye

Gutunga ibikoko vyo mu mazi nk’amafi n’utundi tunyabuzima

'''3. URUHARE RW’URUZI MURI KAHISE'''

Muri kahise k'aho ruherereye, uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rwari rufise n’akamaro kadasanzwe mu buzima bw’imico n'imigenzo y'ubwami.

Hari inkuru z’abasokuru zemeza ko kera, inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi y’uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro. Ibi vyerekana ko uru ruzi rwari rufise agaciro kanini, atari ku banyagihugu gusa, ariko no ku muryango w’ubwami. Uruzi rwari rufatwa nk’ahantu heza, hasukuye kandi hafise amazi meza y’ibitungwa y’agaciro nk’inka z’umwami.

Ibi bituma Nyabukongoro ruba uruzi rufise n’agaciro k’umuco n’amateka, si amazi gusa ahubwo n’inkomoko y’ivyari bihambaye mu buzima bwa kera.

4. IBIBAZO URUZI RUSHOBORA GUHURA NAVYO

Naho rufise akamaro kanini, uruzi Nyabukongoro rushobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye:

Isuri iterwa no gucibwa kw’amashamba ku nkengero zarwo

Ukwandura kw’amazi kubera imyanda canke ibikorwa vy’abantu

Kurimira hafi cane y’uruzi bigatuma inzira yarwo ihinduka

Imyuzure mu bihe vy’imvura nyinshi

Ibi bibazo bishobora gutuma uruzi rudakora neza nk’uko bikwiye.

5. UKO URUZI RWOKINGIRWA

Kugira ngo uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rukomeze gufasha abantu n’ibidukikije, hari ingingo zikwiye gufatwa:

Gutera ibiti ku nkengera zarwo

Kwirinda guta imyanda mu mazi

Kwirinda kurima cane hafi y’uruzi

Gukingira amasoko y’amazi avamwo uruzi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kurukingira

GUSOZERA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni itunga kavukire rifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu b'i Muramvya. Ruca mu misozi ya Remera, Murambi, Muramvya, Musagara na Masango, hanyuma rukisuka mu ruzi rwa Mucece. Rufise uruhare runini mu burimyi, mu buzima bwa buri munsi, no mu muco w’aho ruherereye, aho kera n’inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi.

Gukingira uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni gukingira ubuzima, uburimyi n’iterambere rya kazoza.</text>
      <sha1>pmongag7og4uxl3hxj15s94j55bttkm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27004</id>
      <parentid>27003</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:46:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27004</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3840" sha1="j6e1ea202bo50mg0pn80hwwybrr0ufp" xml:space="preserve">'''URUZI NYABUKONGORO:''' 

'''AMATEKA, AKAMARO N’URUHARE RWARWO MU BUZIMA BW’ABANYA MURAMVYA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni rumwe mu migezi mito ariko ifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije vyo mu ntara ya Muramvya mu Burundi. Uru ruzi ruzwi cane mu mateka y’aho ruherereye, mu mibereho y’abanyagihugu, no mu gutuma isindimwa buguma bwiyongera kubera amazi yarwo atembera mu misozi itandukanye.

'''1. AHO URUZI NYABUKONGORO RUHEREREYE N’UKO RUGENDA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ruca mu misozi myiza y’intara ya Muramvya. Ruraca mu bice bitandukanye birimwo:

Umusozi wa Remera

Umusozi wa Murambi

Umusozi wa Muramvya

Umusozi wa Musagara

Umusozi wa Masango

Ayo matongo y’imisozi arangwa n’uburimyi n’imvura nyinshi igafasha uruzi kuguma rufise amazi mu bihe vyinshi vy’umwaka. Uruzi Nyabukongoro ruvuka mu misozi mito, rukagenda ruterera mu bice bitandukanye, rugakomeza rujana amazi yarwo mu bindi bice.

Mu nyuma, amazi yarwo yisuka mu rundi ruzi runini bita Mucece, aho amazi yarwo akomeza urugendo rwerekeza mu yindi migezi minini y’igihugu.

'''2. AKAMARO K’URUZI NYABUKONGORO'''

Uruzi Nyabukongoro rufise akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi yarwo.

a) Amazi ni ubuzima bwa buri munsi

Abantu baba mu bice rucamwo barukoresha mu bikorwa bitandukanye vya buri munsi nko:

Kumesa impuzu n’ibikoresho

Kuvomera ibitungwa

Gukoresha mu mirimo yo murugo

Amazi yarwo, iyo ayunguruwe neza, ashobora no gukoreshwa mu kunywa.

b) Uburimyi

Uruzi Nyabukongoro ni isôko rikomeye ry’amazi afasha uburimyi. Abarimyi barukoresha mu:

Kuvomera imirima y’ibigori, ibiharage, imboga n’ibindi birimwa

Gutuma isi ndimwa iguma imeze neza

Gufasha ibiterwa gukura neza mu bihe vy’izuba

c) Ibidukikije n’ibinyabuzima

Ku nkengero z’uruzi Nyabukongoro habamwo ibiti n’ibimera bitandukanye bifasha:

Kwirinda inkukura

Gutuma amazi aguma asukuye

Gutunga ibikoko vyo mu mazi nk’amafi n’utundi tunyabuzima

'''3. URUHARE RW’URUZI MURI KAHISE'''

Muri kahise k'aho ruherereye, uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rwari rufise n’akamaro kadasanzwe mu buzima bw’imico n'imigenzo y'ubwami.

Hari inkuru z’abasokuru zemeza ko kera, inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi y’uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro. Ibi vyerekana ko uru ruzi rwari rufise agaciro kanini, atari ku banyagihugu gusa, ariko no ku muryango w’ubwami. Uruzi rwari rufatwa nk’ahantu heza, hasukuye kandi hafise amazi meza y’ibitungwa y’agaciro nk’inka z’umwami.

Ibi bituma Nyabukongoro ruba uruzi rufise n’agaciro k’umuco n’amateka, si amazi gusa ahubwo n’inkomoko y’ivyari bihambaye mu buzima bwa kera.

'''4. IBIBAZO URUZI RUSHOBORA GUHURA NAVYO'''

Naho rufise akamaro kanini, uruzi Nyabukongoro rushobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye:

Isuri iterwa no gucibwa kw’amashamba ku nkengero zarwo

Ukwandura kw’amazi kubera imyanda canke ibikorwa vy’abantu

Kurimira hafi cane y’uruzi bigatuma inzira yarwo ihinduka

Imyuzure mu bihe vy’imvura nyinshi

Ibi bibazo bishobora gutuma uruzi rudakora neza nk’uko bikwiye.

5. UKO URUZI RWOKINGIRWA

Kugira ngo uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rukomeze gufasha abantu n’ibidukikije, hari ingingo zikwiye gufatwa:

Gutera ibiti ku nkengera zarwo

Kwirinda guta imyanda mu mazi

Kwirinda kurima cane hafi y’uruzi

Gukingira amasoko y’amazi avamwo uruzi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kurukingira

GUSOZERA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni itunga kavukire rifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu b'i Muramvya. Ruca mu misozi ya Remera, Murambi, Muramvya, Musagara na Masango, hanyuma rukisuka mu ruzi rwa Mucece. Rufise uruhare runini mu burimyi, mu buzima bwa buri munsi, no mu muco w’aho ruherereye, aho kera n’inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi.

Gukingira uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni gukingira ubuzima, uburimyi n’iterambere rya kazoza.</text>
      <sha1>j6e1ea202bo50mg0pn80hwwybrr0ufp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27005</id>
      <parentid>27004</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:47:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27005</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3846" sha1="ogabhnspt04lfyyfgyi1vemo6l3uy7z" xml:space="preserve">'''URUZI NYABUKONGORO:''' 

'''AMATEKA, AKAMARO N’URUHARE RWARWO MU BUZIMA BW’ABANYA MURAMVYA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni rumwe mu migezi mito ariko ifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije vyo mu ntara ya Muramvya mu Burundi. Uru ruzi ruzwi cane mu mateka y’aho ruherereye, mu mibereho y’abanyagihugu, no mu gutuma isindimwa buguma bwiyongera kubera amazi yarwo atembera mu misozi itandukanye.

'''1. AHO URUZI NYABUKONGORO RUHEREREYE N’UKO RUGENDA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ruca mu misozi myiza y’intara ya Muramvya. Ruraca mu bice bitandukanye birimwo:

Umusozi wa Remera

Umusozi wa Murambi

Umusozi wa Muramvya

Umusozi wa Musagara

Umusozi wa Masango

Ayo matongo y’imisozi arangwa n’uburimyi n’imvura nyinshi igafasha uruzi kuguma rufise amazi mu bihe vyinshi vy’umwaka. Uruzi Nyabukongoro ruvuka mu misozi mito, rukagenda ruterera mu bice bitandukanye, rugakomeza rujana amazi yarwo mu bindi bice.

Mu nyuma, amazi yarwo yisuka mu rundi ruzi runini bita Mucece, aho amazi yarwo akomeza urugendo rwerekeza mu yindi migezi minini y’igihugu.

'''2. AKAMARO K’URUZI NYABUKONGORO'''

Uruzi Nyabukongoro rufise akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi yarwo.

a) Amazi ni ubuzima bwa buri munsi

Abantu baba mu bice rucamwo barukoresha mu bikorwa bitandukanye vya buri munsi nko:

Kumesa impuzu n’ibikoresho

Kuvomera ibitungwa

Gukoresha mu mirimo yo murugo

Amazi yarwo, iyo ayunguruwe neza, ashobora no gukoreshwa mu kunywa.

b) Uburimyi

Uruzi Nyabukongoro ni isôko rikomeye ry’amazi afasha uburimyi. Abarimyi barukoresha mu:

Kuvomera imirima y’ibigori, ibiharage, imboga n’ibindi birimwa

Gutuma isi ndimwa iguma imeze neza

Gufasha ibiterwa gukura neza mu bihe vy’izuba

c) Ibidukikije n’ibinyabuzima

Ku nkengero z’uruzi Nyabukongoro habamwo ibiti n’ibimera bitandukanye bifasha:

Kwirinda inkukura

Gutuma amazi aguma asukuye

Gutunga ibikoko vyo mu mazi nk’amafi n’utundi tunyabuzima

'''3. URUHARE RW’URUZI MURI KAHISE'''

Muri kahise k'aho ruherereye, uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rwari rufise n’akamaro kadasanzwe mu buzima bw’imico n'imigenzo y'ubwami.

Hari inkuru z’abasokuru zemeza ko kera, inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi y’uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro. Ibi vyerekana ko uru ruzi rwari rufise agaciro kanini, atari ku banyagihugu gusa, ariko no ku muryango w’ubwami. Uruzi rwari rufatwa nk’ahantu heza, hasukuye kandi hafise amazi meza y’ibitungwa y’agaciro nk’inka z’umwami.

Ibi bituma Nyabukongoro ruba uruzi rufise n’agaciro k’umuco n’amateka, si amazi gusa ahubwo n’inkomoko y’ivyari bihambaye mu buzima bwa kera.

'''4. IBIBAZO URUZI RUSHOBORA GUHURA NAVYO'''

Naho rufise akamaro kanini, uruzi Nyabukongoro rushobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye:

Isuri iterwa no gucibwa kw’amashamba ku nkengero zarwo

Ukwandura kw’amazi kubera imyanda canke ibikorwa vy’abantu

Kurimira hafi cane y’uruzi bigatuma inzira yarwo ihinduka

Imyuzure mu bihe vy’imvura nyinshi

Ibi bibazo bishobora gutuma uruzi rudakora neza nk’uko bikwiye.

'''5. UKO URUZI RWOKINGIRWA'''

Kugira ngo uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rukomeze gufasha abantu n’ibidukikije, hari ingingo zikwiye gufatwa:

Gutera ibiti ku nkengera zarwo

Kwirinda guta imyanda mu mazi

Kwirinda kurima cane hafi y’uruzi

Gukingira amasoko y’amazi avamwo uruzi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kurukingira

GUSOZERA

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni itunga kavukire rifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu b'i Muramvya. Ruca mu misozi ya Remera, Murambi, Muramvya, Musagara na Masango, hanyuma rukisuka mu ruzi rwa Mucece. Rufise uruhare runini mu burimyi, mu buzima bwa buri munsi, no mu muco w’aho ruherereye, aho kera n’inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi.

Gukingira uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni gukingira ubuzima, uburimyi n’iterambere rya kazoza.</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>27006</id>
      <parentid>27005</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:48:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27006</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3852" sha1="lv1q4asm54nkkk3z51vpspjul59wnji" xml:space="preserve">'''URUZI NYABUKONGORO:''' 

'''AMATEKA, AKAMARO N’URUHARE RWARWO MU BUZIMA BW’ABANYA MURAMVYA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni rumwe mu migezi mito ariko ifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije vyo mu ntara ya Muramvya mu Burundi. Uru ruzi ruzwi cane mu mateka y’aho ruherereye, mu mibereho y’abanyagihugu, no mu gutuma isindimwa buguma bwiyongera kubera amazi yarwo atembera mu misozi itandukanye.

'''1. AHO URUZI NYABUKONGORO RUHEREREYE N’UKO RUGENDA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ruca mu misozi myiza y’intara ya Muramvya. Ruraca mu bice bitandukanye birimwo:

Umusozi wa Remera

Umusozi wa Murambi

Umusozi wa Muramvya

Umusozi wa Musagara

Umusozi wa Masango

Ayo matongo y’imisozi arangwa n’uburimyi n’imvura nyinshi igafasha uruzi kuguma rufise amazi mu bihe vyinshi vy’umwaka. Uruzi Nyabukongoro ruvuka mu misozi mito, rukagenda ruterera mu bice bitandukanye, rugakomeza rujana amazi yarwo mu bindi bice.

Mu nyuma, amazi yarwo yisuka mu rundi ruzi runini bita Mucece, aho amazi yarwo akomeza urugendo rwerekeza mu yindi migezi minini y’igihugu.

'''2. AKAMARO K’URUZI NYABUKONGORO'''

Uruzi Nyabukongoro rufise akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi yarwo.

a) Amazi ni ubuzima bwa buri munsi

Abantu baba mu bice rucamwo barukoresha mu bikorwa bitandukanye vya buri munsi nko:

Kumesa impuzu n’ibikoresho

Kuvomera ibitungwa

Gukoresha mu mirimo yo murugo

Amazi yarwo, iyo ayunguruwe neza, ashobora no gukoreshwa mu kunywa.

b) Uburimyi

Uruzi Nyabukongoro ni isôko rikomeye ry’amazi afasha uburimyi. Abarimyi barukoresha mu:

Kuvomera imirima y’ibigori, ibiharage, imboga n’ibindi birimwa

Gutuma isi ndimwa iguma imeze neza

Gufasha ibiterwa gukura neza mu bihe vy’izuba

c) Ibidukikije n’ibinyabuzima

Ku nkengero z’uruzi Nyabukongoro habamwo ibiti n’ibimera bitandukanye bifasha:

Kwirinda inkukura

Gutuma amazi aguma asukuye

Gutunga ibikoko vyo mu mazi nk’amafi n’utundi tunyabuzima

'''3. URUHARE RW’URUZI MURI KAHISE'''

Muri kahise k'aho ruherereye, uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rwari rufise n’akamaro kadasanzwe mu buzima bw’imico n'imigenzo y'ubwami.

Hari inkuru z’abasokuru zemeza ko kera, inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi y’uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro. Ibi vyerekana ko uru ruzi rwari rufise agaciro kanini, atari ku banyagihugu gusa, ariko no ku muryango w’ubwami. Uruzi rwari rufatwa nk’ahantu heza, hasukuye kandi hafise amazi meza y’ibitungwa y’agaciro nk’inka z’umwami.

Ibi bituma Nyabukongoro ruba uruzi rufise n’agaciro k’umuco n’amateka, si amazi gusa ahubwo n’inkomoko y’ivyari bihambaye mu buzima bwa kera.

'''4. IBIBAZO URUZI RUSHOBORA GUHURA NAVYO'''

Naho rufise akamaro kanini, uruzi Nyabukongoro rushobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye:

Isuri iterwa no gucibwa kw’amashamba ku nkengero zarwo

Ukwandura kw’amazi kubera imyanda canke ibikorwa vy’abantu

Kurimira hafi cane y’uruzi bigatuma inzira yarwo ihinduka

Imyuzure mu bihe vy’imvura nyinshi

Ibi bibazo bishobora gutuma uruzi rudakora neza nk’uko bikwiye.

'''5. UKO URUZI RWOKINGIRWA'''

Kugira ngo uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro rukomeze gufasha abantu n’ibidukikije, hari ingingo zikwiye gufatwa:

Gutera ibiti ku nkengera zarwo

Kwirinda guta imyanda mu mazi

Kwirinda kurima cane hafi y’uruzi

Gukingira amasoko y’amazi avamwo uruzi

Gukangurira abanyagihugu kurukingira

'''GUSOZERA'''

Uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni itunga kavukire rifise akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abantu b'i Muramvya. Ruca mu misozi ya Remera, Murambi, Muramvya, Musagara na Masango, hanyuma rukisuka mu ruzi rwa Mucece. Rufise uruhare runini mu burimyi, mu buzima bwa buri munsi, no mu muco w’aho ruherereye, aho kera n’inka z’umwami zajayo kunywa amazi.

Gukingira uruzi rwa Nyabukongoro ni gukingira ubuzima, uburimyi n’iterambere rya kazoza.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Amazi mu Mahinguriro</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:52:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
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      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
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      <text bytes="3751" sha1="lhm5u71gfub7hovv6of4xb0ea8qouao" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

Intangamarara

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

Ibiharuro (Statistics)

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>27008</id>
      <parentid>27007</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:52:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
      <origin>27008</origin>
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      <text bytes="3757" sha1="eroqpvh3hs49pmvei8urrctkq4tvrbs" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

Ibiharuro (Statistics)

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>eroqpvh3hs49pmvei8urrctkq4tvrbs</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>27009</id>
      <parentid>27008</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:53:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#AWC2026</comment>
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      <text bytes="3763" sha1="njrillsx0xts1jz0o99f16090r48gew" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

Ibiharuro (Statistics)

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="3815" sha1="oq7qrfjp2efp7roajtgm5mk0hdfz2o5" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

Ibiharuro (Statistics)

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="3821" sha1="2avpr18fuodqyedr4n9buhs2vfry4zj" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

Ubw'''oko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

Ibiharuro (Statistics)

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="3821" sha1="g3l89uqwg9mly8jeve6izmd85mblyy3" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

'''Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

Ibiharuro (Statistics)

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="3824" sha1="eov1j5635hzgbwn5wcswnrrmu7zu93q" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

'''Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

Ibiharuro (Statistics)

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <id>27015</id>
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      <text bytes="3830" sha1="qklz2ruc2ri5w7c9p91tu3x0zzdle9v" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

'''Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

'''Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:'''

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

Ibiharuro (Statistics)

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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        <id>7914</id>
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      <text bytes="3836" sha1="rjgajzdkpx41mfvmnwbe8hs5dhwj36h" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

'''Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

'''Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:'''

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

'''Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:'''

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

Ibiharuro (Statistics)

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <id>27017</id>
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        <id>7914</id>
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      <text bytes="3842" sha1="sjz0a0b2ejk4ku43zpp4lgy2briszq4" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

'''Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

'''Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:'''

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

'''Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:'''

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

'''Ibiharuro (Statistics)'''

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <id>27018</id>
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        <id>7914</id>
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      <text bytes="3854" sha1="ppvc9m8gbek2n1b86uuvds2yvd0xab7" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

'''Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

'''Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:'''

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

'''Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:'''

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

'''Ibiharuro (Statistics)'''

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

INCAMAKE NO GUSOZERA

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <id>27019</id>
      <parentid>27018</parentid>
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      <text bytes="3860" sha1="65hui7ivsghoan7sivib8wy6u67posn" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’isi, niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

'''Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

'''Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:'''

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

'''Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:'''

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

'''Ibiharuro (Statistics)'''

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

'''INCAMAKE NO GUSOZERA'''

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="3864" sha1="digt7xekhaxfvr8ircuv5wf3nrpzdbd" xml:space="preserve">'''Amazi mu Mahinguriro''' (Industrial Water)

'''Intangamarara'''

Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu vy'ingirakamaro cane mu buzima bw’abantu n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Mu mahinguriro (Industrie), akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gukora ibicuruzwa, gukonjesha imashini, gusukura ibikoresho, no gutunganya ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa.

Uko amahinguriro agenda ziyongera kw’[[isi]], niko ikoreshwa ry’amazi rigenda ryiyongera, bigatera igitutu ku mazi meza n’ibidukikije.[1]

'''Ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu mahinguriro'''

Mu Mahinguriro, amazi akoreshwa mu bikorwa bikurikira:

Gukonjesha imashini (cooling systems)[2]

Gusukura ibikoresho n’ahakorerwa

Gukora ibinyobwa n’ibifungurwa

Gutanga ubushuhe (steam generation)

Gutunganya ibikoresho vya chimie

'''Ubwoko bw’amazi mu mahinguriro
'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

'''Amazi akoreshwa mu mahinguriro agabanywa uku:'''

Amazi meza (process water)

Amazi y’amahinguriro (industrial water)

Amazi y’imyanda (wastewater)[3]

Ingaruka z’amazi y’imyanda

'''Iyo amazi y’amahinguriro atatunganijwe neza ashobora:'''

Kwanduza inzuzi n’ibiyaga

Kwonona ibinyabuzima vyo mu mazi

Guteza indwara ku bantu

Kwanduza isi ndimwa n’amazi yo kunywa

Kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije[4]

Uko amazi atunganywa

'''Amazi y’imyanda atunganywa hakoreshejwe:'''

Kuyungurura (filtration)

Imiti isukura (chemical treatment)

Uburyo bw’ibinyabuzima (biological treatment)

Ibitegwa bimwebimwe (treatment plants)[5]

Akarorero k’u Burundi

Mu Burundi, amazi akoreshwa cane mu mumahinguriro y’ibinyobwa n’ayandi mahinguriro ari mu bisagara binini nka Bujumbura.

Hari intambwe igenda ifatwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda no kuyasubiza mu bidukikije mu buryo butekanye, cane cane mu kurinda:

Ikibanza c’amazi c’Ikidengeri Tanganyika

Inzuzi zifatiye ku buzima bw’abantu

Ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu baba hafi y’amahinguriro

'''Ibiharuro (Statistics)'''

Ubushakashatsi mpuzamakungu bwerekana ko:

Hafi ya 80% y’amazi y’imyanda kw’isi yose asubira mu bidukikije atatunganijwe neza[4]

Amahinguriro atwara hafi ya 20% y’amazi meza akoreshwa kw’isi[2]

Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere, igice kinini c’amazi y’amahinguriro ntigitunganywa uko bikwiye[1]

Ibi birerekana ko ikibazo c’amazi y’amahinguriro ari ikibazo c’isi yose gisaba inyishu zihuse.

Akamaro ko gutunganya amazi

Gukingira ubuzima bw’abantu

Gukingira ibidukikije

Kugabanya iyononekara ry’amazi

Guteza imbere iterambere rusangi (sustainable development)[5]

Inyishu zishoboka

Gushiraho amategeko akomeye agenga amahinguriro 

Gukoresha ubuhinga bugezweho bwo gutunganya amazi

Gusubira gukoresha amazi (water recycling)

Kugabanya imiti ihumanya

Kwigisha abakozi ku kamaro k’isuku y’amazi

'''INCAMAKE NO GUSOZERA'''

Amazi mu mahinguriro ni ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubutunzi, ariko kandi ni isoko rikomeye ry’ihumana ry’ibidukikije iyo atakoreshejwe neza.

Mu gihe isi iriko irondera iterambere riramba, ni ngombwa ko amahinguriro yose ashira imbere uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubira gukoresha amazi.[5]

Gukingira amazi si itegeko ry’amahinguriro gusa, ahubwo ni iya bose: leta, abikorera, n’abanyagihugu. Muri kazoza hasukuye haterwa n’ingingo dufata uyu musi.

References

[1] Industrial Water Use – U.S. Geological Survey. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.usgs.gov⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[2] Industrial water treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_water_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[3] Wastewater – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[4] Industrial wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;

[5] Wastewater treatment – Wikipedia. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment⁠�&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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    <title>Amazi: Soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika</title>
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      <text bytes="5465" sha1="4ovj79yt5uvlisb9mdbpct6hme6i26a" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo kamere w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu buhinzi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga inguvu z'amashanyarazi.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'umutungo ukwiye kubungabungwa kugira ushobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imigi myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu buhinzi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga amashanyarazi.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo.

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku nke.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buhinzi

Ubuhinzi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imyaka.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere ubuhinzi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuhira imyaka iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ibumagaye, ukuronka amazi ku matungo ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubukungu

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Inganda n'Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Inganda nyinshi ntizoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije.

Ubukerarugendo

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikurura ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikurura ingenzi benshi muri Afurika.

Amashanyarazi

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukabije, mu bindi hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa remezo.

- Guteza ibura ry'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <text bytes="5457" sha1="rkdqzt4ol7v0leyu7k54deg85hpue85" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'umutungo ukwiye kubungabungwa kugira ushobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imigi myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu buhinzi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga amashanyarazi.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo.

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku nke.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buhinzi

Ubuhinzi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imyaka.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere ubuhinzi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuhira imyaka iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ibumagaye, ukuronka amazi ku matungo ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubukungu

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Inganda n'Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Inganda nyinshi ntizoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije.

Ubukerarugendo

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikurura ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikurura ingenzi benshi muri Afurika.

Amashanyarazi

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukabije, mu bindi hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa remezo.

- Guteza ibura ry'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <text bytes="5457" sha1="ovkkls9g65ot3dgmi1iq1jwknuu7yvs" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imigi myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu buhinzi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga amashanyarazi.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo.

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku nke.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buhinzi

Ubuhinzi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imyaka.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere ubuhinzi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuhira imyaka iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ibumagaye, ukuronka amazi ku matungo ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubukungu

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Inganda n'Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Inganda nyinshi ntizoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije.

Ubukerarugendo

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikurura ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikurura ingenzi benshi muri Afurika.

Amashanyarazi

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukabije, mu bindi hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa remezo.

- Guteza ibura ry'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <text bytes="5472" sha1="d8mpupkv201a2hte95wwf6rgrvgdkmy" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imiji myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi ndetse uhagije. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu buhinzi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga amashanyarazi.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo.

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku nke.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buhinzi

Ubuhinzi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imyaka.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere ubuhinzi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuhira imyaka iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ibumagaye, ukuronka amazi ku matungo ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubukungu

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Inganda n'Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Inganda nyinshi ntizoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije.

Ubukerarugendo

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikurura ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikurura ingenzi benshi muri Afurika.

Amashanyarazi

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukabije, mu bindi hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa remezo.

- Guteza ibura ry'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <text bytes="5499" sha1="739ih5x5hoflfhwo3u4cforqr74eapl" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imiji myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi ndetse uhagije. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu burimyi, ubworozi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi).

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku nke.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buhinzi

Ubuhinzi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imyaka.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere ubuhinzi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuhira imyaka iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ibumagaye, ukuronka amazi ku matungo ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubukungu

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Inganda n'Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Inganda nyinshi ntizoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije.

Ubukerarugendo

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikurura ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikurura ingenzi benshi muri Afurika.

Amashanyarazi

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukabije, mu bindi hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa remezo.

- Guteza ibura ry'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <text bytes="5501" sha1="bxgc3cxgf0bf42rqs3miz4rqk80qcuj" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imiji myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi ndetse uhagije. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu burimyi, ubworozi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi).

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku rike.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Burimyi

Uburimyi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imirima.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere uburimyi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuhira imyaka iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ibumagaye, ukuronka amazi ku matungo ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubukungu

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Inganda n'Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Inganda nyinshi ntizoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije.

Ubukerarugendo

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikurura ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikurura ingenzi benshi muri Afurika.

Amashanyarazi

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukabije, mu bindi hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa remezo.

- Guteza ibura ry'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <text bytes="5506" sha1="6bbbm4c39ijqyjoq25lxpuxufsq8z82" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imiji myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi ndetse uhagije. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu burimyi, ubworozi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi).

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku rike.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Burimyi

Uburimyi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imirima.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere uburimyi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuvomera imirima iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ubugaragwa, ukuronka amazi ku bitungwa ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubutunzi

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Inganda n'Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Inganda nyinshi ntizoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije.

Ubukerarugendo

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikurura ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikurura ingenzi benshi muri Afurika.

Amashanyarazi

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukabije, mu bindi hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa remezo.

- Guteza ibura ry'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <text bytes="5496" sha1="6qfn6whk9upxqxpwx9bwfs9t2vvkh4e" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imiji myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi ndetse uhagije. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu burimyi, ubworozi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi).

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku rike.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Burimyi

Uburimyi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imirima.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere uburimyi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuvomera imirima iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ubugaragwa, ukuronka amazi ku bitungwa ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubutunzi

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Inganda nyinshi ntizoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije.

Ubukerarugendo

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikurura ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikurura ingenzi benshi muri Afurika.

Amashanyarazi

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukabije, mu bindi hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa remezo.

- Guteza ibura ry'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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        <id>7914</id>
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      <text bytes="5522" sha1="2ebitbscpo9mqzr3gei50trwagmvqez" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imiji myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi ndetse uhagije. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu burimyi, ubworozi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi).

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku rike.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Burimyi

Uburimyi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imirima.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere uburimyi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuvomera imirima iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ubugaragwa, ukuronka amazi ku bitungwa ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubutunzi

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Amahinguriro menshi ntiyoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije afise.

Ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi)

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikwega ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikwega ingenzi nyinshi muri Afurika.

Umuyagankuba

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukabije, mu bindi hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa remezo.

- Guteza ibura ry'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <text bytes="5562" sha1="comnudxk03v2kh8g1v63knv0a9ihijd" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imiji myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi ndetse uhagije. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu burimyi, ubworozi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi).

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku rike.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Burimyi

Uburimyi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imirima.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere uburimyi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuvomera imirima iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ubugaragwa, ukuronka amazi ku bitungwa ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubutunzi

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Amahinguriro menshi ntiyoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije afise.

Ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi)

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikwega ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikwega ingenzi nyinshi muri Afurika.

Umuyagankuba

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga umuyagankuba biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukomeye, mu bindi bice hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa vy'iterambere ry'abayagihugu.

- Guteza ibura canke ubukene bw'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Kurinda amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa remezo vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <text bytes="5597" sha1="f1ze07sq0srhbe9irmg5icxwh764lcb" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imiji myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi ndetse uhagije. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu burimyi, ubworozi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi).

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku rike.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Burimyi

Uburimyi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imirima.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere uburimyi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuvomera imirima iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ubugaragwa, ukuronka amazi ku bitungwa ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubutunzi

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Amahinguriro menshi ntiyoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije afise.

Ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi)

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikwega ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikwega ingenzi nyinshi muri Afurika.

Umuyagankuba

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga umuyagankuba biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukomeye, mu bindi bice hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa vy'iterambere ry'abayagihugu.

- Guteza ibura canke ubukene bw'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa vy'iterambere ry'abanyagihugu bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubugaragwa bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Gukingira amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa vy'iterambere vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo burama. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere arama no ku mibereho myiza y'abayituye.</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-02T08:14:43Z</timestamp>
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        <username>NIHEREWENIMANA Richard</username>
        <id>7914</id>
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      <text bytes="5624" sha1="2mnnknfqfieyj6kd6gpt46w608ll5xp" xml:space="preserve">Amazi: Soko ry'Ubuzima muri Afurika

Intangamarara

Amazi ni umutungo karemano w'agaciro kanini kandi afise uruhara ntangere mu buzima bw'ibinyabuzima vyose. Nta muntu, igikoko canke igiterwa gishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kidafise amazi. Muri Afurika, amazi ni ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubutunzi, imibano n'ibidukikije. Akoreshwa mu kunywa, mu burimyi, mu bworozi, mu mahinguriro, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise ibiyaga binini, inzuzi nyinshi n'amasoko atandukanye y'amazi, abantu benshi baracafise ikibazo co kutaronka amazi meza kandi ahagije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amazi afatwa nk'itunga rikwiye kubungabungwa kugira rishobore gufasha iterambere rirama ry'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Kahise k'Akamaro k'Amazi muri Afurika

Kuva kera, abantu bo muri Afurika bubatse ubuzima bwabo hafi y'amasoko y'amazi. Imiji myinshi ya kera yubatswe ku nkengera z'inzuzi n'ibiyaga kugira abantu bashobore kuronka amazi yo kunywa no gukora ibikorwa vyabo vya minsi yose.

Mu Misiri ya kera, Uruzi Nil rwabaye inkingi y'iterambere ry'ubwami bw'Abanyamisiri. Amazi yarwo yarafasha mu kuvomera imirima no gutuma habaho umwimbu mwinshi ndetse uhagije. No mu bindi bice vya Afurika, inzuzi nka Congo, Niger na Zambezi zarafashije abantu guteza imbere uburimyi, ubworozi n'ubudandaji.

Amasoko y'Amazi muri Afurika

Afurika ifise amasoko menshi y'amazi arimwo:

Inzuzi

Umugabane wa Afurika urimwo inzuzi zikomeye cane ku rwego rw'isi, harimwo:

- Uruzi Nil, rufatwa nk'ururerure kuruta izindi nzuzi zo kw'isi.

- Uruzi Congo, rufise amazi menshi cane muri Afurika.

- Uruzi Niger.

- Uruzi Zambezi.

- Uruzi Limpopo.

Izo nzuzi zifasha mu burimyi, ubworozi, uburovyi, gutwara abantu n'ibintu hamwe no mu gutanga umuyagankuba.

Ibiyaga

Afurika irafise ibiyaga binini birimwo:

- Ikiyaga Victoria.

- Ikiyaga Tanganyika.

- Ikiyaga Malawi.

- Ikiyaga Turkana.

Ivyo biyaga ni amasoko y'amazi meza, uburovyi n'ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi).

Amazi yo mu kuzimu

Mu turere twinshi twumagaye, abantu bifashisha amariba n'amasoko y'amazi yo mu kuzimu kugira baronke amazi yo kunywa no gukoresha mu buzima bwa minsi yose.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Buzima bw'Abantu

Amazi ni ngirakamaro ku magara y'abantu. Umubiri w'umuntu ugizwe ahanini n'amazi, kandi uyakenera kugira ukore neza.

Amazi afasha:

- Gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri.

- Kugenzura ubushuhe bw'umubiri.

- Gukuraho imyanda iva mu mubiri.

- Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'isuku rike.

Kubura amazi meza birashobora gutera indwara zitandukanye nka kolera, tifoyide n'indwara zo gucibwamwo.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Burimyi

Uburimyi ni umwe mu miryango y'ubutunzi ikomeye muri Afurika. Abantu benshi babeshwaho n'uburimyi. Amazi afasha mu:

- Kuvomera imirima.

- Kongera umwimbu.

- Kugabanya ingaruka z'ukwuma.

- Guteza imbere uburimyi bwa kijambere.

Mu bihugu vyinshi vya Afurika, imigambi yo kuvomera imirima iriko iratezwa imbere kugira haboneke ibifungurwa bihagije.

Akamaro k'Amazi mu Bworozi

Ubworozi bushingiye cane ku mazi. Inka, impene, intama n'ibindi bikoko bikenera amazi kugira bibeho kandi bitange umwimbu mwiza.

Mu turere tw'ibahari n'ubugaragwa, ukuronka amazi ku bitungwa ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyugarije aborozi.

Amazi n'Iterambere ry'Ubutunzi

Amazi afise uruhara runini mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vya Afurika.

Amahinguriro

Amazi akoreshwa mu:

- Gutunganya ibifungurwa.

- Gukora ibinyobwa.

- Gukonjesha imashini.

- Gusukura ibikoresho.

Amahinguriro menshi ntiyoshobora gukora neza ata mazi ahagije afise.

Ubukerarugendo (kwakira ingenzi)

Ibiyaga, amasumo n'inzuzi bikwega ingenzi ziva hirya no hino kw'isi. Nk'akarorero, amasumo ya Victoria ari hagati ya Zambia na Zimbabwe ni kimwe mu bibanza bikwega ingenzi nyinshi muri Afurika.

Umuyagankuba

Amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga umuyagankuba biciye ku ngomero zubatswe ku nzuzi. Ivyo bifasha mu guteza imbere amahinguriro, amashure, amavuriro n'ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji.

Amazi n'Ihindagurika ry'Ibihe

Ihindagurika ry'ibihe ririko riragira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y'amazi muri Afurika. Mu bice bimwe, haribonekeza ukwuma gukomeye, mu bindi bice hakaboneka imyuzure ikomeye.

Izo ngaruka zishobora:

- Kugabanya umwimbu w'ibiterwa.

- Gutuma ibikoko bipfa kubera ubukene bw'amazi.

- Kwonona ibikorwa vy'iterambere ry'abayagihugu.

- Guteza ibura canke ubukene bw'ibiribwa.

Ingorane zijanye n'Amazi muri Afurika

N'ubwo Afurika ifise amazi menshi, haracari ingorane nyinshi zirimwo:

- Ukutaronka amazi meza yo kunywa.

- Iyanduza ry'inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Ukwiyongera kw'abantu.

- Ihindagurika ry'ibihe.

- Ibikorwa vy'iterambere ry'abanyagihugu bidahagije.

- Ugusesagura amazi.

Mu bice bimwe vya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubugaragwa bwa Sahara, abagore n'abana bakora urugendo rurerure buri musi baja kuvoma amazi.

Uburyo bwo Kubungabunga Amazi

Kubungabunga amazi ni ngombwa kugira ibisekuru vy'ubu n'ivy'ejo bishobore kuyaronka.

Bimwe mu vyokorwa ni:

- Gukingira amasoko y'amazi.

- Gutera ibiti no kubungabunga amashamba.

- Kwirinda kwanduza inzuzi n'ibiyaga.

- Gukoresha amazi neza.

- Kwubaka ibikorwa vy'iterambere vy'amazi.

- Guteza imbere uburezi ku bijanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Incamake no Gusozera

Amazi ni soko ry'ubuzima muri Afurika kandi afise uruhara runini mu buzima bw'abantu, uburimyi, ubworozi, ubutunzi n'ibidukikije. N'ubwo umugabane wa Afurika ufise umutungo munini w'amazi, haracari ibibazo vy'ukutayaronka neza no kutayakoresha mu buryo bubereye. Kubungabunga amazi no kuyacungera neza ni imwe mu nzira zihambaye zoshobora gufasha Afurika gushika ku majambere y'ukuri no ku mibereho myiza y'abayibamwo.</text>
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