Wikipedia rwwiki https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intangiriro MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.7 first-letter Itangazamakuru Ibidasanzwe Ibiganiro Umukoresha Ibiganiro by'umukoresha Wikipedia Ibiganiro kuri Wikipedia Dosiye Ibiganiro kuri dosiye MediyaWiki Ibiganiro kuri MediyaWiki Inyandikorugero Ibiganiro ku nyandikorugero Ubufasha Ibiganiro ku bufasha Ikiciro Ibiganiro ku byiciro TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1784 132418 132417 2026-06-21T11:59:24Z B.Scalling 15089 132418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q183|useImage=[[File:Porz Germany Bezirksrathaus-Porz-02.jpg|Porz_Germany_Bezirksrathaus-Porz-02]]}} '''[[Ubudage]]''' ni igihugu giherereye ku mugabane w'[[Burayi|Uburayi]], kikaba ari nakimwe mu bihugu 29 bigize umuryango wa Schengen,ugamije koroshya urujya n'uruza rw'abaturage hagati y'ibihugu biwugize, binyuze mu gukuraho igenzurwa rinzwe ku mipaka yabyo.<ref>https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/applying-schengen-visa_en</ref>[[Dosiye:Germany map.gif|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Reichstag pano.jpg|thumb|abadage]] '''Abadage''' ni abaturage baba mu gihugu cy'[[Ubudage]], umuturage umwe wu budage yitwa umudage n'aho abadage benshi bakitwa Abadage. == IMIKORANIRE == Abadage babashoramari bakorera mu Rwanda, babinyujije mw'ibaruwa yandikiwe ibiro by'[[Ubudage]] bishinzwe ububanyi n'amahanga (Auswärtiges Amt), bigendanye n'ikibazo cya viza cyatewe n'iyirukanwa ry'Abadipolomate<ref name=":0">https://kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/sosiyete-z-abadage-zikorera-mu-rwanda-zibangamiwe-n-uko-abanyarwanda-bazikorera-batabona-viza-z-icyo-gihugu</ref>b'Abadage birukankwe mu Rwanda, kandi aribo bari bafite munshingano ibijyanye no gusaba no gutanga visa za Schengen, bagaragaza ko abazishaka bajya kuri ambasade y'[[Ubudage]] iri i [[Nairobi]]. Abasinye kuri iyo baruwa bagaragaje ko batewe impungenge n'umubano mu bya politiki, utameze neza hagati y'u [[Rwanda]] n'[[Ubudage]], banasaba ko ibiro by'ububanye n'amahanga byakongera gukorera mu Rwanda.<ref name=":0" /> U Rwanda rufatwa nk'umufatanyabikorwa utanga icyizere mu rwego rw'ikoranabuhanga, kuko arigihugu gifite intego yo kuba ihuriro ry'[[IKORANABUHANGA (ubusobanuro)|ikoranabuhanga]] mu karere (Regional IT hub), kandi rugasabwa gukorana na sosiyete zituruka mu mahanga kugira ngo rushobore kugera ku ntego rwihaye. <ref>https://kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/sosiyete-z-abadage-zikorera-mu-rwanda-zibangamiwe-n-uko-abanyarwanda-bazikorera-batabona-viza-z-icyo-gihugu</ref> == UMUBANO WA POLITIKE == Umubano wa dipolomasi hagati y'u Rwanda n'Ubudage watangiye mu mwaka w'i 1962, aho kuva icyo gihe ibihugu byombi byemeranyije kugirana umubano ushingiye kubwizerane ubufatanye n'ubucuti. Buri myaka ibiri, ibihugu byombi bigirana ibiganiro by'ihariye biga kubutwererane mw'iterambere. Leta zombi zemeranya ko ubutwererane bw'[[iterambere]] hagati y'u Rwanda n'Ubudage bukomeza kwibanda ku iterambere ry'ubukungu burambye, amahugurwa n'ikorwa ry'imirimo, kurengera ibidukikije, guteza imbere ingufu zisukuye hamwe na gahunda ya "Just Transition" igamije impinduka ziboneye mu bukungu.<ref>https://www.rwandaingermany.gov.rw/cooperation</ref> {{stub}} [[Dosiye:Flag of Germany (2004 World Factbook).gif|center|thumb|320x320px|Flag of Germany]] == == * [[Jenoside y’Abayahudi]] [[Category:Abadage| ]] [[Category:Umuryango]] k17cs392ihh9i8iejurzdwrsr05uog9 0 3275 132431 129094 2026-06-21T13:21:53Z Itangishaka adino 18410 impinduka 132431 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Akarere ka Muhanga| ]] [[Ikiciro:Intara y’Amajyepfo y’U Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Intara y'amajyepfo]] {{\sandbox}}'''Akarere ka Muhanga''' ni kamwe mu turere tw'intara y'Amajyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]], kandi ni akarere gakomeye mu bukungu, umuco, ndetse no mu bikorwa remezo. Mu gihe cya mbere y’ubwigenge, Muhanga yabaye igicumbi cy'ubuyobozi mu gihugu, ndetse ikomeje kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ [[igihugu]] muri rusange.Aka karere kagizwe n'imirenge cumi n'ibiri(12),utugali mirongo itandatu na dutatu (63). == Dore ibiranga akarere ka Muhanga: == === 1. Imiterere y'Akarere ka Muhanga === [[Dosiye:Muhanga District round about.jpg|thumb|ibiro nya karere ka muhanga]] Akarere ka Muhanga gahana imbibi n'uturere twa '''Kamonyi na''' '''Ruhango''', muntara y'amajyepfo, Ngororero na karongi, muntara y'iburengerazuba ndetse n' akarere ka Gakenke muntara y'amajyaruguru n'i Muhanga ni akarere gafite umujyi wa Muhanga ari wo '''nyuma y’umujyi munini''' mu karere, kandi uri hafi y’imijyi ikomeye nka '''Kigali''' na '''Nyundo'''. === 2. Ubukungu === Akarere ka Muhanga kagira ibikorwa byinshi by'ubukungu, harimo: * '''Ubuhinzi''': Ubuhinzi ni ishingiro ry'ubukungu bw'Akarere ka Muhanga. Abaturage bo muri Muhanga bakora cyane mu buhinzi bw'ibihingwa birimo '''ibishyimbo''', '''ibigori''', '''imiteja''' (amashyamba), ndetse n'imbuto. Akarere ka Muhanga gashimangira iterambere ry’ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere. * '''Ubucuruzi''': Muhanga ifite umujyi mukuru kandi ni igicumbi cy'ubucuruzi, aho habera ibikorwa byinshi by'ubucuruzi bikomeye. Hari amasoko y’ibiribwa, ibikoresho by’ubuhinzi, ndetse n’amaduka menshi acuruza ibikoresho bitandukanye. * '''Inganda''': Muhanga ni akarere kagira inganda zitandukanye, by'umwihariko inganda zitunganya ibikomoka ku buhinzi n'ibikoresho by’ubuzima. Izi nganda zifasha mu kongera agaciro ku musaruro no kuzamura ubukungu bw’akarere. === 3. Ubukerarugendo === Akarere ka Muhanga kafite amahirwe mu bukerarugendo, harimo ahantu nyaburanga h’ibikorwa byinshi byo gusura: * '''Ibiyaga n’ibishanga''': Akarere ka Muhanga gafite amahirwe mu bijyanye n'ubukerarugendo, cyane cyane ahantu hasurwa, harimo ibikorwa by’ubukerarugendo birimo kugenda mu mazi cyangwa kuzenguruka mu bishanga. * '''Umuco gakondo''': Muhanga izwi kandi ku bw’umuco wayo, aho abaturage babarizwa mu miryango itandukanye n’amateka akomeye. === 4. Ibikorwa Remezo === * [[Dosiye:Nyabugogo Bridge on the Kigali-Muhanga Road (NR1).jpg|thumb|umuhanda wo mu karere ka muhanga]]'''Imihanda''': Akarere ka Muhanga gafite imihanda myiza ituma abantu bagenda neza kandi hakaba hatangwa serivisi nziza z’imihanda. Akarere gafite imihanda ihuza [[Kigali]] n’utundi turere, bikaba byoroshye kwimuka. * '''Amashuri''': Muhanga ifite amashuri menshi yisumbuye n’amashuri abanza, bituma abatuye ako karere babona amahirwe yo kwiga. * '''Ibigo Nderabuzima''': Akarere ka Muhanga gifite ibigo nderabuzima byinshi, aho abaturage babasha kubona serivisi z’ubuzima z’ibanze. === 5. Iterambere ry’Imibereho === * '''Amazi meza''': Akarere ka Muhanga kagiye [[gashora]] imari mu gushaka uburyo bwo kugeza amazi meza ku baturage. Hari gahunda yo kubaka ibikorwa byo kugeza amazi meza ku baturage benshi, bigafasha mu kurwanya indwara zandurira mu mazi. * '''Gahunda yo kubaka ibikorwa remezo''': Muhanga ikomeje gushyira imbere imishinga yo kubaka ibikorwa remezo byiza, birimo amashuri, ibigo nderabuzima, no kubaka imihanda n’ibiraro. === 6. Imbogamizi n'Icyerekezo === Nubwo akarere ka Muhanga kagira ibikorwa byiza by’iterambere, hakiri imbogamizi mu bijyanye n’ubushomeri, kugera ku masoko, ndetse no kongera amahirwe mu by'ubukungu no guhangana n’ubukene. Ariko, hamwe n’imishinga y’iterambere, akarere ka Muhanga kirimo gufata intambwe zikomeye mu gukemura izi mbogamizi. === Icyerekezo === * Guteza imbere ubuhinzi bunoze no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu guhinga. * Kongera ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi no gushyira imbaraga mu kubaka inganda n’ibikorwa remezo. * Kubyaza umusaruro ibiyaga n’ubukerarugendo kugira ngo hatangwe amahirwe yo kwihangira imirimo. [[Dosiye:Jerome Muhanga.jpg|thumb|ikirango cy'ubukungu mu karere ka ruhango]] Akarere ka Muhanga ni akarere k’ibikorwa byinshi by’iterambere, kikomeje gufasha mu kuzamura imibereho y’abaturage bacyo no guteza imbere igihugu muri rusange. [[Ikiciro:Inyandiko zo Kuvugurura]] akbfw5dqzz1d8fhkz7yfq2mbrwf0167 0 5414 132512 132356 2026-06-21T23:36:58Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 132512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q3761|useImage=[[File:Accra Central, Accra, Ghana.jpg|Accra_Central,_Accra,_Ghana]]}} Accra ni [[umurwa]] mukuru ndetse n’umujyi munini wa Ghana. Uherereye ku nkombe z’amajyepfo z’Igolfe ya Guinea, igice cy’Inyanja ya Atlantika. Ni cyo kigo gikuru cy’ubutegetsi, ubukungu n’imiyoborere y’igihugu cya Ghana. [[Dosiye:Accra Mall, Ayawaso West (P1100127).jpg|thumb]] Mu ibarura ry’abaturage ryakozwe mu mwaka wa 2021, Akarere ka Metropolitani ya Accra gafite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 20.4 n’abaturage 284,124. Intara ya Greater Accra yo ifite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 3,245 n’abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 5.46. Izina “Accra” rimwe na rimwe rikoreshwa risobanura agace kanini kari kagize Akarere ka Metropolitani ya Accra mbere y’umwaka wa 2008. Aka gace nyuma kagabanyijwemo uturere 13 tw’ubuyobozi bw’ibanze. == Inkomoko y’Izina<ref>[https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/FCFA_PolicyBrief_Accra-Maputo_WEB1.pdf FCFA_PolicyBrief_Accra-Maputo_WEB1.pdf]</ref> == [[Dosiye:Jamestown, Accra (P1100262).jpg|thumb]] Ijambo “Accra” rikomoka ku ijambo ry’Ikani (Akan) '''Nkran''', risobanura “ibimonyo”. Iri zina ryaturutse ku birundo by’ibimonyo byagaragaraga mu gace gakikije uyu mujyi. Abaturage bavuga ururimi rwa Twi ni bo bakoresheje iri zina bavuga umujyi n’abawutuye.Mu rurimi rw’aba-Ga, abaturage kavukire b’ako gace, Accra yitwa '''Ga''' cyangwa '''Gaga'''. Iri zina rifitanye isano n’iry’ubwoko bw’Abaga batuye muri ako karere. == Amateka == [[Dosiye:Accra Skyline - Wide view.jpg|thumb|337x337px]] Accra yavutse biturutse ku guhuza imidugudu itandukanye yari yubatswe hafi y’ibigo by’ubucuruzi by’Abanyaburayi. Muri ibyo harimo Fort James y’Abongereza, Fort Crêvecoeur (Ussher Fort) y’Abaholandi, na Fort Christiansborg y’Abanya-Danemark. Iyi midugudu yari izwi nka Jamestown, Usshertown na Christiansborg yaje guhuzwa, ikaba ari yo yabaye ishingiro ry’umujyi wa Accra.Mu mwaka wa 1877, Accra yabaye umurwa mukuru wa Gold Coast, koloni y’Abongereza. Yabaye umurwa mukuru kugeza Ghana ibonye ubwigenge mu mwaka wa 1957. Nyuma yaho, umujyi wakomeje kwaguka no gutera imbere ku buryo bwihuse. == Imiterere y’Ubuso == Accra iherereye ku nkombe z’Inyanja ya Atlantika kandi ifite ubutaka buri hasi ugereranyije n’indi mijyi myinshi ya Ghana. Kuba iri ku nkombe z’inyanja bituma ihura n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’izamuka ry’amazi y’inyanja. == Ikirere == Accra ifite ikirere gishyushye cyo mu turere two ku nkombe z’inyanja. Ubushyuhe bwayo buringaniye umwaka wose, kandi imvura nyinshi igwa hagati y’ukwezi kwa Mata n’ukwa Kamena. Impuzandengo y’ubushyuhe iba hagati ya dogere selisiyusi 24 na 33. == Ubukungu == [[Dosiye:Accra Park, Ayawaso West (P1090904).jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Accra Ghana 2.jpg|thumb|268x268px]] [[Dosiye:Traditional fishermen in Jamestown, Accra.jpg|thumb]] Accra ni ihuriro rikomeye ry’ubukungu bwa Ghana. Ni cyo kigo gikuru cy’ubucuruzi, amabanki, ubwishingizi, ubwikorezi n’ishoramari. Mu mwaka wa 2008, Banki y’Isi yagereranyije ko ubukungu bwa Accra bwari bufite agaciro ka miliyari eshatu z’amadolari ya Amerika mu musaruro mbumbe wa Ghana.Urwego rwa serivisi ni rwo rukoresha abaturage benshi, rukurikirwa n’inganda n’ubwubatsi. == Uburezi == Accra ifite amashuri menshi kuva ku mashuri y’incuke kugeza kuri za kaminuza. Muri zo harimo Kaminuza ya Ghana (University of Ghana) iri i Legon, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA), Accra Technical University n’izindi.Uyu mujyi kandi urimo amashuri yisumbuye azwi cyane nka Achimota School, Accra Academy na Presbyterian Boys’ Secondary School. == [[Ubwikorezi mu Rwanda|Ubwikorezi]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/pressrelease/2021%20PHC%20General%20Report%20Vol%203A_Population%20of%20Regions%20and%20Districts_181121.pdf |title=Ghana Statistical Service |access-date=2026-06-21 |archive-date=2025-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250515213019/https://statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/pressrelease/2021%20PHC%20General%20Report%20Vol%203A_Population%20of%20Regions%20and%20Districts_181121.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Accra ni ihuriro rikomeye ry’ubwikorezi muri Ghana. Ifite ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Accra International Airport, imihanda minini ihuza umujyi n’utundi turere twa Ghana, ndetse n’imirongo ya gari ya moshi ijya mu mijyi nka Kumasi na Tema.Abaturage benshi bakoresha tagisi, bisi n’imodoka rusange zizwi nka “tro tro”. == Ubukerarugendo n’Umuco == Accra ni igicumbi cy’ubukerarugendo muri Ghana. Irimo amahoteli, inzu ndangamurage, inzibutso n’ahantu h’imyidagaduro. Umujyi wakira inama nyinshi mpuzamahanga ndetse n’ibikorwa by’umuco bihuriza hamwe abantu baturutse mu bice bitandukanye by’isi. == Amashakiro == 1.[[:en:Accra|Accra - Wikipedia]] [[Category:Gana]] [[Category:Imirwa]] 56xyqsqujzseu7w78dz6jqkhgs7rats 0 8024 132474 98546 2026-06-21T18:14:42Z B.Scalling 15089 132474 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Gisagara| ]] [[Ikiciro:Intara y'amajyepfo]] 4hu1bufh4ypfxul2i7ova2odnbkeuqb 0 8341 132475 118283 2026-06-21T18:18:29Z B.Scalling 15089 132475 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kirehe_district_map.jpg|thumb|ikarita y'akarere ka Kirehe]] [[File:KireheMap.jpg|thumb|KireheMap]] '''kirehe''' ni akarere gaherereye mu burasirazuba bw'u [[Rwanda]] kakaba gahana imbibi na [[Akarere ka Ngoma|Ngoma]] , [[Akarere ka Kayonza|kayonza]], [[Uburundi]] , [[Tanzaniya]] . [[Umugezi]] w'[[Akagera]] niwo uhuza akarere ka Kirehe n'igihugu cya [[Tanzaniya]]. Akarere ka Kirehe gatuwe n'abaturage bagera kuri 340,893 batuye ku buso bwa km 1,1188.5(ibarura rusange ry'abaturage rya 2012).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://kirehe.gov.rw/index.php?id=83 |accessdate=2020-07-18 |archive-date=2020-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720010112/https://kirehe.gov.rw/index.php?id=83 |deadurl=yes }}</ref> Kirehe igizwe n'imirenge cumi n'ibiri (12)ariyo: * [[Umurenge wa Gahara]] * [[Umurenge wa Gatore]] * [[Umurenge wa Kigina]] * [[Umurenge wa Kirehe]] * [[Umurenge wa Mahama]] * [[Umurenge wa Mpaanga]] * [[Umurenge wa Musaza]] * [[Umurenge wa Mushikiri]] * [[Umurenge wa Naasho]] * [[Umurenge wa Nyamugari]] * [[Umurenge wa Nyarubuye]] * [[Umurenge wa Kigarama]] [[File:Lion_from_National_Akagera_Parc,_near_Lac_Akagera,_by_0788221644.jpg|thumb|Intare muri pariki y'Akagera , hafi n'umugezi w'Akagera,]] == Imiyoboro == [[Category:Akarere ka Kirehe| ]] [[Category:Uturere tw’u Rwanda]] 2nm5b1mw82tzde8tecqzht7bu0m2o12 132476 132475 2026-06-21T18:22:38Z B.Scalling 15089 132476 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kirehe_district_map.jpg|thumb|ikarita y'akarere ka Kirehe]] [[File:KireheMap.jpg|thumb|KireheMap]] '''kirehe''' ni akarere gaherereye mu burasirazuba bw'u [[Rwanda]] kakaba gahana imbibi na [[Akarere ka Ngoma|Ngoma]] , [[Akarere ka Kayonza|kayonza]], [[Uburundi]] , [[Tanzaniya]] . [[Umugezi]] w'[[Akagera]] niwo uhuza akarere ka Kirehe n'igihugu cya Tanzaniya. Akarere ka Kirehe gatuwe n'abaturage bagera kuri 340,893 batuye ku buso bwa km 1,1188.5(ibarura rusange ry'abaturage rya 2012).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://kirehe.gov.rw/index.php?id=83 |accessdate=2020-07-18 |archive-date=2020-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720010112/https://kirehe.gov.rw/index.php?id=83 |deadurl=yes }}</ref> Kirehe igizwe n'imirenge cumi n'ibiri (12)ariyo: * [[Umurenge wa Gahara]] * [[Umurenge wa Gatore]] * [[Umurenge wa Kigina]] * [[Umurenge wa Kirehe]] * [[Umurenge wa Mahama]] * [[Umurenge wa Mpaanga]] * [[Umurenge wa Musaza]] * [[Umurenge wa Mushikiri]] * [[Umurenge wa Naasho]] * [[Umurenge wa Nyamugari]] * [[Umurenge wa Nyarubuye]] * [[Dosiye:Rusumo hydropower.jpg|thumb]][[Umurenge wa Kigarama]] [[File:Lion_from_National_Akagera_Parc,_near_Lac_Akagera,_by_0788221644.jpg|thumb|Intare muri pariki y'Akagera , hafi n'umugezi w'Akagera,]] == Imiyoboro == [[Category:Akarere ka Kirehe| ]] [[Category:Uturere tw’u Rwanda]] <references /> 18wekt4skfezgkp30wq3j40ge7b1huk 132478 132476 2026-06-21T18:24:12Z B.Scalling 15089 132478 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kirehe_district_map.jpg|thumb|ikarita y'akarere ka Kirehe]] [[File:KireheMap.jpg|thumb|KireheMap]] '''kirehe''' ni akarere gaherereye mu burasirazuba bw'u [[Rwanda]] kakaba gahana imbibi na [[Akarere ka Ngoma|Ngoma]] , [[Akarere ka Kayonza|kayonza]], [[Uburundi]] , [[Tanzaniya]] . [[Umugezi]] w'[[Akagera]] niwo uhuza akarere ka Kirehe n'igihugu cya Tanzaniya. Akarere ka Kirehe gatuwe n'abaturage bagera kuri 340,893 batuye ku buso bwa km 1,1188.5(ibarura rusange ry'abaturage rya 2012).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://kirehe.gov.rw/index.php?id=83 |accessdate=2020-07-18 |archive-date=2020-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720010112/https://kirehe.gov.rw/index.php?id=83 |deadurl=yes }}</ref> Kirehe igizwe n'imirenge cumi n'ibiri (12)ariyo: * [[Umurenge wa Gahara]] * [[Umurenge wa Gatore]] * [[Umurenge wa Kigina]] * [[Umurenge wa Kirehe]] * [[Umurenge wa Mahama]] * [[Umurenge wa Mpaanga]] * [[Umurenge wa Musaza]] * [[Umurenge wa Mushikiri]] * [[Umurenge wa Naasho]] * [[Umurenge wa Nyamugari]] * [[Umurenge wa Nyarubuye]] * [[Umurenge wa Kigarama]] [[File:Lion_from_National_Akagera_Parc,_near_Lac_Akagera,_by_0788221644.jpg|thumb|Intare muri pariki y'Akagera , hafi n'umugezi w'Akagera,]] == Imiyoboro == [[Category:Akarere ka Kirehe| ]] [[Category:Uturere tw’u Rwanda]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Intara y'iburasirazuba]] g2pf6q3cywzrtvg2i6hsk1b3jjvr2tl 0 8407 132472 124572 2026-06-21T18:06:39Z B.Scalling 15089 132472 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:KicukiroDist.png|alt=|thumb|332x332px|ikarita y'akarere ka kicukiro]] '''Kicukiro''' ni Akarere kamwe mu Turere dutatu (3) tugize [[Kigali|Umujyi wa Kigali.]] Gaherereye mu burasirazuba bw’amajyepfo by’Umujyi wa Kigali. Icyicaro cy’Akarere kiri mu [[Kagarama,|Murenge wa Kagarama,]] mu Kagari ka [[Rukatsa]] n’Umudugudu wa Rukatsa. Akarere ka Kicukiro gahana imbibi n’uturere tune aritwo ; [[Dosiye:Flag of Rwanda.svg|center|thumb|320x320px|Rwanda]] [[Akarere ka Bugesera]]: mu Majyepfo   [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Akarere ka Gasabo:]] mu Majyaruguru [[Akarere ka Rwamagana|Akarere ka Rwamagana:]] mu burasirazuba [[Akarere ka Nyarugenge]]: mu burengerazuba == Imirenge icumi (10) igize akarere ka Kicukiro; == [[File:Mass_Graves_with_Monument_Listing_Names_of_Victims_-_Nyanza_Genocide_Memorial_Site_-_Kicukiro_District_-_Kigali_-_Rwanda.jpg|alt=|thumb|175x175px|u Rwibutso rw'inzirakarengane za Genocide yakoreye Abatutsi muri Genocide ruherereye i Nyanza muri Kicukiro]] [[File:Umuganda"Rwandan_community_work".jpg|thumb|Perezida Kagame m'Umuganda wabereye muri Kicukiro 2016]] [[Dosiye:Hinweisschild Schule Ruanda.jpg|thumb|Sign]] .[[Gahanga]] .[[Gatenga]] .[[Gikondo]] .[[Kanombe]] .[[Kagarama]] .[[Niboye]] .[[Kigarama]] .[[Kicukiro]] .[[Masaka]] .[[Nyarugunga]] '''AKARERE KA KICUKURO KANDI GAFITE IBYIZA NYABURANGA'''<ref>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> Akarere ka Kicukiro gafite ahantu Nyaburanga hagizwe n’Amahoteli, Ikibuga Mpuzamahanga cy'indege cya Kigali n’ahandi hagizwe n’ubusitani bubereye amaso hakunze gusurwa ndetse no gukorerwa ibirori by’ubukwe, ibiterane by'Amadini n'Amatorero n'ibifasha abantu kuruhuka. n’ibindi.<ref><nowiki>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</nowiki> n'ibikorwa remezo bihakorerwa</ref> Kandi muri aka karere ka kicukiro dusangamo ibibuga by'imikino itandukanye kandi dufite amashuri afasha abanyeshuri mu myigire yabo ya buri munsi. '''KANDI GAFITE IBYIZA NYABURANGA HARIMO:''' -AMASOKO -AMAZU [[Ubucuruzi mu Rwanda|Y'UBUCURUZI]] -AMAHOTERI -IKIBUGA MUZA MPUZAMAHANGA CY'INDEGE CYA KIGALI -UBUSITANI BWIZA -AMASHURI -AMAVURIRO -Ibibuga by' imikino ndetse, n' ibindi..... srjikx4j1rom65xoq91vpbsp0swkc2f 132473 132472 2026-06-21T18:08:05Z B.Scalling 15089 132473 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:KicukiroDist.png|alt=|thumb|332x332px|ikarita y'akarere ka kicukiro]] '''Kicukiro''' ni Akarere kamwe mu Turere dutatu (3) tugize [[Kigali|Umujyi wa Kigali.]] Gaherereye mu burasirazuba bw’amajyepfo by’Umujyi wa Kigali. Icyicaro cy’Akarere kiri mu [[Kagarama,|Murenge wa Kagarama,]] mu Kagari ka [[Rukatsa]] n’Umudugudu wa Rukatsa. Akarere ka Kicukiro gahana imbibi n’uturere tune aritwo ; [[Dosiye:Flag of Rwanda.svg|center|thumb|320x320px|Rwanda]] [[Akarere ka Bugesera]]: mu Majyepfo   [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Akarere ka Gasabo:]] mu Majyaruguru [[Akarere ka Rwamagana|Akarere ka Rwamagana:]] mu burasirazuba [[Akarere ka Nyarugenge]]: mu burengerazuba == Imirenge icumi (10) igize akarere ka Kicukiro; == [[File:Mass_Graves_with_Monument_Listing_Names_of_Victims_-_Nyanza_Genocide_Memorial_Site_-_Kicukiro_District_-_Kigali_-_Rwanda.jpg|alt=|thumb|175x175px|u Rwibutso rw'inzirakarengane za Genocide yakoreye Abatutsi muri Genocide ruherereye i Nyanza muri Kicukiro]] [[File:Umuganda"Rwandan_community_work".jpg|thumb|Perezida Kagame m'Umuganda wabereye muri Kicukiro 2016]] [[Dosiye:Hinweisschild Schule Ruanda.jpg|thumb|Sign]] .[[Gahanga]] .[[Gatenga]] .[[Gikondo]] .[[Kanombe]] .[[Kagarama]] .[[Niboye]] .[[Kigarama]] .[[Kicukiro]] .[[Masaka]] .[[Nyarugunga]] '''AKARERE KA KICUKURO KANDI GAFITE IBYIZA NYABURANGA'''<ref>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> Akarere ka Kicukiro gafite ahantu Nyaburanga hagizwe n’Amahoteli, [[Ikibuga mpuzamahanga cy'indege cya kigali|Ikibuga Mpuzamahanga cy'indege cya Kigali]] n’ahandi hagizwe n’ubusitani bubereye amaso hakunze gusurwa ndetse no gukorerwa ibirori by’ubukwe, ibiterane by'Amadini n'Amatorero n'ibifasha abantu kuruhuka. n’ibindi.<ref><nowiki>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</nowiki> n'ibikorwa remezo bihakorerwa</ref> Kandi muri aka karere ka kicukiro dusangamo ibibuga by'imikino itandukanye kandi dufite amashuri afasha abanyeshuri mu myigire yabo ya buri munsi. '''KANDI GAFITE IBYIZA NYABURANGA HARIMO:''' -AMASOKO -AMAZU Y'UBUCURUZI -AMAHOTERI -IKIBUGA MUZA MPUZAMAHANGA CY'INDEGE CYA KIGALI -UBUSITANI BWIZA -AMASHURI -AMAVURIRO -Ibibuga by' imikino ndetse, n' ibindi..... rhezugjjnjnzrpzm9vw09vq8b4eukay 0 8408 132467 127679 2026-06-21T17:58:19Z B.Scalling 15089 132467 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Flag of Rwanda.svg|center|thumb|420x420px|Rwanda]] [[Dosiye:IYAHOZE_GEREZA_YA_NYARUGENGE_1930_01.jpg|thumb|IYAHOZE GEREZA YA NYARUGENGE 1930 01]] [[Dosiye:NyarugengeDist.png|thumb|Nyarugenge Dist]] '''Nyarugenge''' ni [[Uturere tw’u Rwanda|akarere]] kamwe mu turere 3 tugize [[Kigali|umujyi wa Kigali]]. kagizwe n' imirenge 10, [[Akagari|utugari]] 47 n' [[imidugudu]] 350. <ref>https://www.nyarugenge.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Imirenge == Akarere ka Nyarugenge kagabanijwemo [[Imirenge y’u Rwanda|imirenge]] 10 ( ''imirenge'' ): [[Umurenge wa Gitega|Gitega]], [[Umurenge wa Kanyinya|Kanyinya]], [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Kigali]], [[Umurenge wa Kimisagara|Kimisagara]], [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]], [[Umurenge wa Muhima|Muhima]], [[Umurenge wa Nyakabanda|Nyakabanda]], [[Umurenge wa Nyamirambo|Nyamirambo]], [[Umurenge wa Nyarugenge (Nyarugenge)|Nyarugenge]] na [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Rwezamenyo]]. == Uburezi == ''[[Lycée de Kigali]]'' (LDK) iri mu Kagari ka Kiyovu, Umurenge wa Nyarugenge, Akarere ka Nyarugenge. [[Dosiye:Kigali-Rwanda.jpg|thumb|UMUJYI WA KIGALI]] == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[File:NYARUGENGE PRISON 1930.jpg|thumb|Nyarugenge Prison, 1930]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc Inzego.doc] &#x2014; Intara, Uturere [https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc n'umurenge] amakuru ya ''MINALOC'', minisiteri yu Rwanda yubutegetsi bwibanze. === Inkomoko === ibigo by'amashuri abanza nayisumbuye biherereye mu karere ka nyarugenge mumurenge wagitega,muhima na kimisagara:GS cyahafi,GS kimisagara,GS gitega,GS kabusunzu,GS muhima,GS muganza,GS EPA saint michel,GS saint famille nibindi bigiye bitandukanye wifuza kubisura komeza ukurikirane wikipediya rwanda [[Ikiciro:Uturere tw’u Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Nyarugenge| ]] [[Ikiciro:Umujyi wa Kigali]] bzi7c4957fve94vc2yo8s8i7p7jsi4z 132468 132467 2026-06-21T17:59:45Z B.Scalling 15089 132468 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Flag of Rwanda.svg|center|thumb|420x420px|Rwanda]] [[Dosiye:IYAHOZE_GEREZA_YA_NYARUGENGE_1930_01.jpg|thumb|IYAHOZE GEREZA YA NYARUGENGE 1930 01]] [[Dosiye:NyarugengeDist.png|thumb|Nyarugenge Dist]] '''Nyarugenge''' ni [[Uturere tw’u Rwanda|akarere]] kamwe mu turere 3 tugize [[Kigali|umujyi wa Kigali]]. kagizwe n' imirenge 10, [[Akagari|utugari]] 47 n' [[imidugudu]] 350. <ref>https://www.nyarugenge.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Imirenge == Akarere ka Nyarugenge kagabanijwemo [[Imirenge y’u Rwanda|imirenge]] 10 ( ''imirenge'' ): [[Umurenge wa Gitega|Gitega]], [[Umurenge wa Kanyinya|Kanyinya]], [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Kigali]], [[Umurenge wa Kimisagara|Kimisagara]], [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]], [[Umurenge wa Muhima|Muhima]], [[Umurenge wa Nyakabanda|Nyakabanda]], [[Umurenge wa Nyamirambo|Nyamirambo]], [[Umurenge wa Nyarugenge (Nyarugenge)|Nyarugenge]] na [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Rwezamenyo]]. == Uburezi == ''[[Lycée de Kigali]]'' (LDK) iri mu Kagari ka Kiyovu[[Umurenge wa Nyarugenge|, Umurenge wa Nyarugenge,]] Akarere ka Nyarugenge. [[Dosiye:Kigali-Rwanda.jpg|thumb|UMUJYI WA KIGALI]] == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[File:NYARUGENGE PRISON 1930.jpg|thumb|Nyarugenge Prison, 1930]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc Inzego.doc] &#x2014; Intara, Uturere [https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc n'umurenge] amakuru ya ''MINALOC'', minisiteri yu Rwanda yubutegetsi bwibanze. === Inkomoko === ibigo byamashuri abanza nayisumbuye biherereye mu karere ka nyarugenge mumurenge wagitega,muhima na kimisagara:GS cyahafi,GS kimisagara,GS gitega,GS kabusunzu,GS muhima,GS muganza,GS EPA saint michel,GS saint famille nibindi bigiye bitandukanye wifuza kubisura komeza ukurikirane wikipediya rwanda [[Ikiciro:Uturere tw’u Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Nyarugenge| ]] [[Ikiciro:Umujyi wa Kigali]] ig0n6whmbooya7fvo4bajs2zowluorv 132469 132468 2026-06-21T18:01:36Z B.Scalling 15089 132469 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Flag of Rwanda.svg|center|thumb|420x420px|Rwanda]] [[Dosiye:IYAHOZE_GEREZA_YA_NYARUGENGE_1930_01.jpg|thumb|IYAHOZE GEREZA YA NYARUGENGE 1930 01]] [[Dosiye:NyarugengeDist.png|thumb|Nyarugenge Dist]] '''Nyarugenge''' ni [[Uturere tw’u Rwanda|akarere]] kamwe mu turere 3 tugize [[Kigali|umujyi wa Kigali]]. kagizwe n' imirenge 10, [[Akagari|utugari]] 47 n' [[imidugudu]] 350. <ref>https://www.nyarugenge.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Imirenge == Akarere ka Nyarugenge kagabanijwemo [[Imirenge y’u Rwanda|imirenge]] 10 ( ''imirenge'' ): [[Umurenge wa Gitega|Gitega]], [[Umurenge wa Kanyinya|Kanyinya]], [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Kigali]], [[Umurenge wa Kimisagara|Kimisagara]], [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]], [[Umurenge wa Muhima|Muhima]], [[Umurenge wa Nyakabanda|Nyakabanda]], [[Umurenge wa Nyamirambo|Nyamirambo]], [[Umurenge wa Nyarugenge (Nyarugenge)|Nyarugenge]] na [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Rwezamenyo]]. == Uburezi == ''[[Lycée de Kigali]]'' (LDK) iri mu Kagari ka Kiyovu, Umurenge wa Nyarugenge, Akarere ka Nyarugenge. [[Dosiye:Kigali-Rwanda.jpg|thumb|UMUJYI WA KIGALI]] == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[File:NYARUGENGE PRISON 1930.jpg|thumb|Nyarugenge Prison, 1930]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc Inzego.doc] &#x2014; Intara, Uturere [https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc n'umurenge] amakuru ya ''MINALOC'', minisiteri yu Rwanda yubutegetsi bwibanze. === Inkomoko === ibigo byamashuri abanza n'ayisumbuye biherereye mu karere ka nyarugenge mumurenge wagitega,muhima na kimisagara:GS cyahafi,GS kimisagara,GS gitega,GS kabusunzu,GS muhima,GS muganza,GS EPA saint michel,GS saint famille nibindi bigiye bitandukanye wifuza kubisura komeza ukurikirane wikipediya rwanda [[Ikiciro:Uturere tw’u Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Nyarugenge| ]] [[Ikiciro:Umujyi wa Kigali]] t4myu97fj09i527bks45mugnr3ep89w 132470 132469 2026-06-21T18:02:27Z B.Scalling 15089 132470 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Flag of Rwanda.svg|center|thumb|420x420px|Rwanda]] [[Dosiye:IYAHOZE_GEREZA_YA_NYARUGENGE_1930_01.jpg|thumb|IYAHOZE GEREZA YA NYARUGENGE 1930 01]] [[Dosiye:NyarugengeDist.png|thumb|Nyarugenge Dist]] '''Nyarugenge''' ni [[Uturere tw’u Rwanda|akarere]] kamwe mu turere 3 tugize [[Kigali|umujyi wa Kigali]]. kagizwe n' imirenge 10, [[Akagari|utugari]] 47 n' [[imidugudu]] 350. <ref>https://www.nyarugenge.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Imirenge == Akarere ka Nyarugenge kagabanijwemo [[Imirenge y’u Rwanda|imirenge]] 10 ( ''imirenge'' ): [[Umurenge wa Gitega|Gitega]], [[Umurenge wa Kanyinya|Kanyinya]], [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Kigali]], [[Umurenge wa Kimisagara|Kimisagara]], [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]], [[Umurenge wa Muhima|Muhima]], [[Umurenge wa Nyakabanda|Nyakabanda]], [[Umurenge wa Nyamirambo|Nyamirambo]], [[Umurenge wa Nyarugenge (Nyarugenge)|Nyarugenge]] na [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Rwezamenyo]]. == Uburezi == ''[[Lycée de Kigali]]'' (LDK) iri mu Kagari ka Kiyovu, Umurenge wa Nyarugenge, Akarere ka Nyarugenge. [[Dosiye:Kigali-Rwanda.jpg|thumb|UMUJYI WA KIGALI]] == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[File:NYARUGENGE PRISON 1930.jpg|thumb|Nyarugenge Prison, 1930]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc Inzego.doc] &#x2014; Intara, Uturere [https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc n'umurenge] amakuru ya ''MINALOC'', minisiteri yu Rwanda yubutegetsi bwibanze. == Inkomoko == ibigo by'amashuri abanza nayisumbuye biherereye mu karere ka nyarugenge mumurenge wagitega,muhima na kimisagara:GS cyahafi,GS kimisagara,GS gitega,GS kabusunzu,GS muhima,GS muganza,GS EPA saint michel,GS saint famille nibindi bigiye bitandukanye wifuza kubisura komeza ukurikirane wikipediya rwanda [[Ikiciro:Uturere tw’u Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Nyarugenge| ]] [[Ikiciro:Umujyi wa Kigali]] 15bae55u6qlmb9sjfh8ohkzzevipsv3 132471 132470 2026-06-21T18:03:37Z B.Scalling 15089 132471 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Flag of Rwanda.svg|center|thumb|420x420px|Rwanda]] [[Dosiye:IYAHOZE_GEREZA_YA_NYARUGENGE_1930_01.jpg|thumb|IYAHOZE GEREZA YA NYARUGENGE 1930 01]] [[Dosiye:NyarugengeDist.png|thumb|Nyarugenge Dist]] '''Nyarugenge''' ni [[Uturere tw’u Rwanda|akarere]] kamwe mu turere 3 tugize [[Kigali|umujyi wa Kigali]]. kagizwe n' imirenge 10, [[Akagari|utugari]] 47 n' [[imidugudu]] 350. <ref>https://www.nyarugenge.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Imirenge == Akarere ka Nyarugenge kagabanijwemo [[Imirenge y’u Rwanda|imirenge]] 10 ( ''imirenge'' ): [[Umurenge wa Gitega|Gitega]], [[Umurenge wa Kanyinya|Kanyinya]], [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Kigali]], [[Umurenge wa Kimisagara|Kimisagara]], [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]], [[Umurenge wa Muhima|Muhima]], [[Umurenge wa Nyakabanda|Nyakabanda]], [[Umurenge wa Nyamirambo|Nyamirambo]], [[Umurenge wa Nyarugenge|Nyarugenge]] na [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Rwezamenyo]]. == Uburezi == ''[[Lycée de Kigali]]'' (LDK) iri mu Kagari ka Kiyovu, Umurenge wa Nyarugenge, Akarere ka Nyarugenge. [[Dosiye:Kigali-Rwanda.jpg|thumb|UMUJYI WA KIGALI]] == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[File:NYARUGENGE PRISON 1930.jpg|thumb|Nyarugenge Prison, 1930]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc Inzego.doc] &#x2014; Intara, Uturere [https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152931/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/events/Inzego.doc n'umurenge] amakuru ya ''MINALOC'', minisiteri yu Rwanda yubutegetsi bwibanze. === Inkomoko === ibigo byamashuri abanza nayisumbuye biherereye mu karere ka nyarugenge mumurenge wagitega,muhima na kimisagara:GS cyahafi,GS kimisagara,GS gitega,GS kabusunzu,GS muhima,GS muganza,GS EPA saint michel,GS saint famille nibindi bigiye bitandukanye wifuza kubisura komeza ukurikirane wikipediya rwanda [[Ikiciro:Uturere tw’u Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Nyarugenge| ]] [[Ikiciro:Umujyi wa Kigali]] qpw7ndlh3qynee9ry16r52zekd55qa8 0 8498 132507 124186 2026-06-21T21:51:49Z B.Scalling 15089 /* Ifumbire */ 132507 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Brassica oleracea 2011 G1.jpg|thumb|Ishu]] [[Dosiye:Brassica oleracea var. capitata (4170722993).jpg|thumb|Brassica oleracea ]] [[Dosiye:Weißkohl Brassica oleracea var. capitata 2011.JPG|thumb|Amashu]] [[Dosiye:Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) Black rot (35710676671).jpg|thumb|Ishu]] [[Dosiye:Starr-120403-4137-Brassica oleracea var capitata-crop-Kula-Maui (25112160226).jpg|thumb|Ubuhinzi bwamashu]] [[Dosiye:Starr-120403-4138-Brassica oleracea var capitata-crop-Kula-Maui (25045229081).jpg|thumb|Umurima wamashu]] [[Dosiye:Starr-120403-4135-Brassica oleracea var capitata-crop-Kula-Maui (24842833220).jpg|thumb|amashu]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum and Brassica oleracea convar. capitata var. alba - 1001.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum and Brassica oleracea convar]] [[Dosiye:Brassicales - Brassica oleracea convar. capitata var. alba - 1.jpg|thumb|Brassica oleracea convar]] [[Dosiye:Brassicales - Brassica oleracea convar. capitata var. alba - 2.jpg|thumb|Umurima wamashu]] [[Dosiye:Brassicales - Brassica oleracea convar. capitata var. alba 6.jpg|thumb|Umurima wamshu]] [[Dosiye:Starr-090519-8040-Brassica oleracea var capitata-crop with workers in field-Kula-Maui (24929368676).jpg|thumb|Brassica oleracea var capitata-crop]] [[Dosiye:Brassica oleracea E1.jpg|thumb|Brassica oleracea]] [[Dosiye:Starr 060916-8835 Brassica oleracea var. capitata.jpg|thumb|amashu]] [[Dosiye:Kitchen knife made of stainless steel with sliced white cabbage.jpg|thumb|Gukata ishu]] [[Dosiye:Starr-070618-7336-Brassica oleracea var capitata-crop-Kula-Maui (24796284921).jpg|thumb|Brassica oleracea var. capitata]] [[Dosiye:Lombarda - Purple garbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra), Bijuesca, España.JPG|thumb|Amashu]] [[Dosiye:Starr-070730-7852-Brassica oleracea var capitata-green-Foodland Pukalani-Maui (24772560582).jpg|thumb|Amashu]] [[Dosiye:Brassica oleracea var. oleracea 01.JPG|thumb|Amashu]] = <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://yeanrwanda.org/article.php?id=186 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2020-10-03 |archive-date=2025-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220090216/https://yeanrwanda.org/article.php?id=186 |url-status=dead }}</ref>Intangiriro = [[File:Dojranski_zelki.jpg|thumb|Umurima w'amashu<ref>https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dojranski_zelki.jpg</ref>]] Umuryango w’ibihingwa ubarizwamo: Amashu ari mu muryango wa «BRASSICACEAE» bita kandi «Crucifères» nawo uri mu muryango mugari wa «Dicotyledones». Amashu ari mu gihingwa kiribwa cyane n'abatari bake mu [[Rwanda]]. == Aho akunda == Amashu asanzwe (choux pommés) n’amashu bise ay’i [[Buruseli]] (choux de Bruxelles) yera mu [[Rwanda Mountain Tea|Rwanda]] hose. Naho amashu barya indabyo (choux-fleurs) zo zisaba imvura nyinshi kandi ya buri gihe ku buryo aberanye n’akarere k’imisozi miremire. == Ubutaka == Ubutaka buvanze umucanga n’ibumba nibwo buberanye n’amashu yose. Asaba ubutaka bwiza, burebure kandi bufite ifumbire nyinshi. Niyo mpamvu ubutaka busharira cyane atari bwiza kuri icyo gihingwa, ariko ibishanga bikamuye neza kandi byabonye ishagara biberanye n’amashu bufasha kongera umusaruro w'amashu. == Amoko y’amashu == [[File:Choux_fleur_Cl_J_Weber_(23049193544).jpg|thumb|ishufureri<ref>https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Choux_fleur_Cl_J_Weber_(23049193544).jpg</ref>]] [[File:Chou.jpg|thumb|Ishu rya move]] [[File:Chou_rouge_pointu_Salone_del_Gusto.jpg|thumb|Ishu rya move risongoye<ref>https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chou_rouge_pointu_Salone_del_Gusto.jpg </ref>]] Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru amashu agabanyijemo amatsinda atatu akunzwe mu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]]: Amashu asanzwe (Brassica oleracea capitata): uyibwirwa n’uko agenda yibumba uko akura, Amashu y’i Buruseli (ishu mbirigi) ariyo (Brassica oleracea gemmifera): uyibwirwa n’udushu duto tumera ku giti cy’ishu. Iyo witegereje neza usanga utwo dushu duto natwo tugenda twifunga kandi ni natwo turibwa, Amashu basarura indabo (ishufureri) ariyo (Brassica oleracea botrytis): ku mutwe w’ishu iyo yeze, indabyo z’umweru ziba zitsitse hamwe ari nazo basarura akaba arizo barya [[File:Radicchio_Chioggia_Torino.jpg|thumb|amashu atukura<ref>https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Radicchio_Chioggia_Torino.jpg</ref>]] ==== Muri buri tsinda ry’amashu amoko yamamazwa mu Rwanda ni aya ==== Amashu asanzwe: Marché de Copenhague, Amashu mbiligi: Long Island, Amashufureri: Boule de neige. [[File:Choux_02.jpg|thumb|Itsinda ry'amoko atandukanye y'amashu<ref>https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Choux_02.jpg</ref>]] <ref>https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Choux_02.jpg</ref> == [[Ifumbire y’imborera|Ifumbire]] == Nk’izindi mboga barya amababi, ifumbire y’ibishanguka nziza, ihoze kandi nyinshi itanga umusaruro mwiza kandi ushimishije. Niyo mpamvu hagomba Kg 30 kugeza kuri Kg 50/ari 1. == Igihe cy’itera == Ni ngombwa guteganya iminsi 25 kugera kuri 30 amashu amara mu buhumbikiro kugirango umenye igihe uzaterera ingemwe mu murima. Kugemura ingemwe mu mirima bikorwa mu gihe cy’imvura (Nzeri na Werurwe) iyo zihingwa i musozi. Mu kabande aho bashobora kuvomera, amashu ashobora guhingwa ibihe by’ihinga byose uko ari bitatu. == Gutera amashu == === Guhumbika (kwinaza) === Binaza mu buhumbikiro busakaye, Bateganya gr 2 kugeza kuri gr 3 kuri m² 1, Kuri ari 1 y’umurima w’amashu bateganya m² 1,5-2 z’ubuhumbikiro, Ubujyakuzimu bakoresha iyo babiba imbuto mu buhumbikiro: 6-12 mm, Ubuso bw’ubuhumbikiro ngombwa ngo ubone ingemwe zo gutera kuri ha 1= m² 18 – -utugemwe dutangira kumera nyuma y’iminsi kuva kuri 5 kugeza ku minsi 6. === Kugemura === Ingemwe ziri mu buhumbikiro zigemurwa iyo zifite amababi 5 cyangwa 6 bakazitera ku mirongo itandukanyijwe na cm 60, naho ku mirongo batera ku buryo bw’imbusane hagati basiga cm 40 cyangwa 60, Umubare ngombwa kuri ha = ingemwe 42.000, mu gutera, bakoresha ingemwe nziza, zibyibushye kandi zitarangwaho uburwayi, iyo bamaze gutera urugemwe, ni ngombwa gutsindagira ubutaka bwegereye urugemwe, kuvomera no gutwikira urugemwe rumwe rumwe igihe kitari kirekire. === Gukorera amashu mu murima === ==== Imirimo ikurikira igomba kwitabwaho ==== Kuvomera kenshi iyo nta mvura igwa, Kubagara kenshi kugirango hatameramo ibyatsi bibi, Ni ngombwa kumenera kenshi kugirango imiterere y’ubutaka ihore ari myiza, Gufumbira ukoresheje NPK 17.17.17. Bakoresha Kg 3 kuri ari 1 kandi bazengurutsa urugemwe, Ku mashu basarura indabo (choux-fleurs), iyo ururabo rumaze kugira ubunini bungana n’igi, barutwikiriza amababi y’ishu yo hasi bayahinira hejuru y’ururabo. == Indwara n’udukoko == === Ibibyimba ku mizi (Hernie) === Ikiyitera: Agahumyo bita Plasmodisphora brassicae Aho ifata: imizi Ibimenyetso: imizi ita ireme ikamera nk’[[ibijumba]]. Irabora ikanuka cyane kandi amashu ntakura neza ndetse iyo hashyushye amashu ararabirana agasa n’ayanambye. ==== Uko bayirwanya ==== Kurandura no gutwikira mu mwobo amashu arwaye, Mu gihe cy’itera, gukoresha ingemwe zitarwaye, Imirima iyo ndwara yagezemo, kumara imyaka 5 batarasubizamo amashu, Mu buryo bwo kuyikingira : kuvanga itaka ry’ubuhumbikiro n’amatotoro y’inkoko n’ivu ry’ibiti mbere yo guhumbika imbuto z’amashu, Gutera imiti yica indwara iterwa n’uduhumyo: aha twavuga nka: Oxychlorure de cuivre: g 50/10 L z’amazi/ari 1, Dacobre: gr 140/L 10 z’amazi/ari 1 cyangwa 1,5. === Imvura y’amashu (mildiou) === Ni indwara yo mu buhumbikiro Ikiyitera: agahumyo kitwa Peronospora parasitica Aho ifata: amababi Ibimenyetso: utubara duto tutangana, nyuma amababi agahinduka umuhondo, akuma. Iyo ndwara ikara mu gihe cy’imvura nyinshi. ==== Uko bayirwanya ==== Kwirinda guhumbika imbuto zegeranye cyane, Kuvomera mu gitondo nibyo biba byiza, Gutera imiti irwanya indwara z’uduhumyo rimwe mu cyumweru mu bihe bisanzwe cyangwa 2 mu cyumweru mu bihe by’imvura nyinshi. Iyo miti ni nka: Milraz 76 WP: g 20/L 10 z’amazi/are 1, Cupro-antracol: g 20/L 10 z’amazi/are 1, Dithane M45: g 10/ L 10 z’amazi/ari 1. === Ububore bw’umunigo === Ni indwara yo mu buhumbikiro Ikiyitera: agahumyo Rhizoctonia Solani Aho ifata: umunigo w’ishu (urugemwe) Ibimenyetso: umunigo w’urugemwe urabora, ugasa n’ikigina cyijimye kandi ukanuka. Umunigo uba muto kandi urugemwe rukaba rwakuma. ==== Uko bayirwanya ==== Urandura no gutwikira mu mwobo ingemwe zirwaye (zafashwe), Kwirinda guhumbika ingewe zegeranye cyane, Kwirinda gushyira uruhumbikiro ahantu hataboneka urumuri kandi hatose, Gutera imiti irwanya indwara z’uduhumyo (reba ivura imvura y’amashu). === Ikungeri === Ikiyitera: igisavumvuri cy’umukara Aho ifata: amababi Ibimenyetso: mu buhumbikiro cyangwa se ingemwe zigiterwa, usanga ku mababi utwenge twinshi. ==== Uko bayirwanya ==== Gukurikiza uburyo bwiza bwo guhinga kugirango amashu akure vuba, Gutera inyanya cyangwa se urwuya (menthe) hagati y’amashu kuko impumuro y’ibyo bihingwa yirukana ikungeri, Kuvomerera kenshi ingemwe z’amashu mu mpeshyi kugirango amababi y’amashu ndetse n’ubutaka bituma, Gukoresha imiti irwanya udusimba: Sumithion 50%: ml 10/L 10 z’amazi/ari 1, Deltamethrine: ml 30/ L 10 z’amazi/ari 1. === Isazi y’amashu === Ikiyitera: isazi y’amashu Aho ifata: umunigo, agati n’imizi Ibimenyetso: isazi itera amagi hasi ku ngemwe. Inyo zinjira mu munigo zigacukura utuyira mu giti cy’amashu. Iyo isazi ari nyinshi, imizi yose irononekara, amababi akarabirana maze akuma. ==== Uko bayirwanya ==== Gukurikiza uburyo bwiza bwo guhinga kugirango ingemwe zikure vuba, Gutera imiti yica udukoko (reba uko barwanya ikungeri). === Amababi apfumaguye (teigne) === Ikiyitera: igisangungu cy’icyatsi kibisi kibyarwa n’ibinyugunyugu byitwa: Plutella Xystella, Hellula undalis, Spodoptera exempta, Trichoplusia ni Aho ifata: amababi Ibimenyetso: udusangungu tw’icyatsi kibisi keruruka turya amababi y’ishu tugasigamo imyobo minini. ==== Uko bayirwanya ==== – Gutera inyanya nkeya hagati y’amashu kuko impumuro yazo ituma udisimba duhunga. – Gutera imiti yica udukoko (reba uko barwanya ikungeri). === Inzoka z’ibimera (nématodes) === Ikiyitera: Inzoka z’ibihingwa Aho ifata: imizi Ibimenyetso: ku mizi y’ishu hameraho utuzi twinshi duto turiho amapfundo. ==== Uko bayirwanya ==== Mu murima, indwara yajemo, bamara imyaka 3 cyangwa 4 batarasubizamo amashu, Gutera nyiramunukanabi (tagètes) bakazikikiza umurima w’amashu no mu murima hagati, ibyo bifasha kurwanya iyo ndwara. === Ububore bw’amashu === Ikiyitera: agahumyo Aho ifata: imbere mw’ishu Uko bayirwanya: gutera amashu mu mirima ikamuye amazi neza. == Ibindi byonnyi by’amashu biboneka mu Rwanda == Ibyo aribyo n’aho bifata: – Ubuhunduguru (inda z’ibihingwa): Brericoryne brassicae, bufata amababi bukayabuza kwifunga. – Inanda (Agrotis segetum) n’amajeri (Branchytrupes membranaceus) zicimburamo kabili amashu cyane cyane nijoro maze agahita apfa. – Udusurira (Henosepilachna elateris) turya amababi y’amashu. === Uko babirwanya === – Udusurira n’ubuhunduguru: ni ugukoresha imiti yica udukoko nka: Sumithion 50% cyangwa Deltamethrine (reba uko barwanya ikungeri) – Inanda n’amajeri (amajereri): ku zitoragura ukazitwika cyangwa gukoresha umuti wa Dursban 5% G: g 200/ari 1 cyangwa Dursban y’ifu: 150 g/ari 1 cyangwa Dursban 48% y’amazi: 10 ml/litiro 10 z’amazi/ari 1. == Igihe yerera == – Amashu amara amezi 2,5 kugeza kuri 3 kugirango abe yeze, duhereye ku gihe wagemuriwe. – Asarurwa kandi mu gihe cy’icyumweri 1 cyangwa 2 bitewe n’ubushobozi bwo kuyarya cyangwa kuyarurisha. – Amashu yera indabyo yo yera hashize amezi 2 kugeza kuri 3, iyo aharibwa hatangiye kwisatura. == Umurumbuko == Mu buhinzi bwa kijyambere kandi bitewe n’amoko y’amashu, ushobora kugera kuri toni 50 z’amashu kuri ha 1. Ikindi umurumbuko uturuka mu buryo ubuhinzi bw'amashu wabwitayeho umunsi ku munsi. == Guhunika == Amashu abikika nabi cyane. Ariko ashobora kubikwa iminsi mike amanitse mu gisenge cy’ahantu hafutse kandi hinjiramo akayaga cyangwa se mu cyumba gikonje kuri dogeri 4°C. Byateguwe na Ndera Jackson hifashishijwe imfashanyigisho za MINAGRI. == Ishakiro == <references /> tlqeol8uz6m43lp38zobgez9vqmdq62 0 8536 132450 120824 2026-06-21T15:37:53Z HiAmos 18412 gukosora imyandikire 132450 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Water_samples_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|ishusho yerekana ubwuzuzanye hagati yumugabo numugore]] [[Dosiye:Rwanda_banana.jpg|thumb|Uburinganire mu bucuruzi ]] Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2018, igihugu cy'Afurika cy'[[Rwanda|u Rwanda]] kiza mu bihugu 5 bya mbere mu '''buringanire'''. Igitekerezo cy'uburinganire bwiganje muri iki gihugu cyavutse nyuma ya [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi]] yabaye mu 1994. Leta yiyemeje kubungabunga uburenganzira bungana bwabagore n'abagabo bitabangamiye amahame y'uburinganire no kuzuzanya mu iterambere ry'igihugu. Ibi bitekerezo bigaragazwa binyuze mu ruhare rw’abagore b’u Rwanda muri guverinoma, kubahiriza uburezi bw’umugore n’uruhare rw’umugore mu buvuzi bw’u Rwanda. Iki gihugu kandi cyafashe ingamba zihamye zo kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina muri jenoside, rishyiraho gahunda y'ibikorwa by'igihugu nyuma y'Umwanzuro w'Umuryango w'Abibumbye 1325, kandi uharanira ko ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina rirangira. [[Dosiye:Abagore_bavuye_gutashya.jpg|thumb|Abagore]] == Uburinganire muri guverinoma yu Rwanda == Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yashyizweho kugira nibura 30 ku ijana [[Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda|by'abadepite]] babe abagore. Mu nteko ishinga amategeko ya 80, abanyamuryango 46 bari igitsina gore mu 2003. Muri guverinoma y'u Rwanda, harimo Minisiteri y'Uburinganire n'Iterambere ry'Umuryango, ibiro bishinzwe kugenzura uburinganire, ndetse no kwiyemeza ingengo y’imari ishingiye ku gitsina iteza imbere uburinganire. Guverinoma ishyigikiye gahunda nka Women for Women International Rwanda, yibanda ku bagore b'igihugu kwigenga mu bukungu. Guverinoma kandi yateje imbere uburinganire mu Rwanda ikoresheje Minisiteri y’uburinganire n’iterambere ry’umuryango. Mu mpinduka imwe ikomeye, abagore bahawe uburenganzira bumwe n’abagabo bwo kuzungura ubutaka no mu bindi bintu nko mu myanya imwe n'imwe ya leta, mu gisirikare, no mu burezi. == Gufatwa ku ngufu muri Jenoside == [[File:Godelieve_Mukasarasi_colored.jpg|thumb|Godelieve Mukasarasi]] Gufata ku ngufu byakoreshejwe muri [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|jenoside yo]] mu [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Rwanda]] n’abagabo b’Abahutu kugira ngo babone imbaraga no kugenzura abagore b’abatutsi. Iki gikorwa ndetse cyatewe inkunga n'abayobozi nk'intwaro y'intambara. Minisitiri w’abahutu w’umuryango n’ibibazo by’umugore mu Rwanda, Pauline Nyiramasuhuko, yashishikarije abagabo b’Abahutu mu kuboneza urubyaro hagamijwe gufata ku ngufu. Mu magambo ya Nyiramasuhuko yagize ati: "Mbere yo kwica abo bagore, ugomba kubasambanya ku gahato." Umuryango w’abibumbye uvuga ko abagore bagera ku 250.000 kugeza 500.000 bafashwe ku ngufu mu gihe cya jenoside. Iyi mibare irashobora kuba yoroheje mugihe urebye ipfunwe rishingiye ku ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina mu Rwanda. Igihe u Rwanda rwatangiraga gutunganya ibyaha byakozwe mu gihe cya jenoside, amategeko y'u Rwanda yashyize mu majwi gufata ku ngufu nk'icyaha cya kane. Iki cyiciro gisa nuburemere bwo kwiba umutungo, utitaye ku ihungabana rikomeye aba bagore bashobora kuba bafite. Ushinzwe imibereho myiza y'abaturage Godeliève Mukasarasi yamenye ako karengane maze akoranya abarokotse ku ngufu muri jenoside kugira ngo batange ubuhamya bwabo mu Nteko. Ibikorwa bya Mukasarasi byemereye abadepite kubona ubukana bwo gufata ku ngufu mu ntambara na jenoside. Abashingamateka bo mu Rwanda bahinduye iki gikorwa mu mategeko ya jenoside bava mu cyiciro cya kane bagihindura icyaha cyo mu cyiciro cya mbere. Icyiciro cya mbere kingana no kwica umuntu kugirango akomeze impamvu za jenoside. Kwemeza ko gufata ku ngufu ari intwaro muri jenoside bishimangira iterambere ry’igihugu mu buringanire. Godelieve Mukasarasi yatangije kandi gahunda yiswe SEVOTA yo gufasha abagore n'abana bagezweho ningaruka zo gufatwa ku ngufu muri jenoside binyuze mu ihahamuka. SEVOTA isobanura Ubufatanye bwo Kubabara kw'abapfakazi n'imfubyi bigamije Akazi no Kwiteza imbere. Porogaramu ye ikoresha ubuhanzi nubusabane bwitsinda rito kugirango ifashe abagore nabana gusangira ubunararibonye no guca ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina. Iyi gahunda kandi ifasha gushyiraho umubano hagati yabana bavutse kubera gufatwa kungufu muri jenoside na ba nyina. SEVOTA iha abategarugori n’abacitse ku icumu ibikoresho byo kuvuga ku ngufu n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, ikora kugira ngo ikureho isoni z’abaturage no kuzana imbaraga. == Umwanzuro w’umuryango w’abibumbye 1325 mu Rwanda == [[Umuryango w’Abibumye|Umuryango w’abibumbye]] wasohoye Icyemezo 1325 mu 2000 kugira ngo hemezwe ubwitange bwabo ku buringanire mpuzamahanga. Iyi nyandiko yakozwe nyuma y’amahano ya jenoside yo mu Rwanda kandi yibanda ku buryo ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ryagize uruhare mu makimbirane. Umwanzuro 1325 werekana cyane cyane uburyo ihohoterwa nka jenoside ribabaza cyane abagore n’abana. Aba bagore baba mu bihugu birimo amakimbirane nabo bagomba kugira uruhare runini mubikorwa byo guhosha umutekano. Umwanzuro urasobanura uburyo abagore bakeneye kugira ijambo rigaragara muri guverinoma zabo, bakwiriye kurindwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina no gufata ku ngufu, bakeneye kurengerwa n’amategeko ku bitero bishingiye ku gitsina, kandi bagomba guhabwa uruhare muri gahunda z’ubutabazi bwihutirwa. Ibihugu byinshi byashyize mu bikorwa Icyemezo 1325 binyuze muri gahunda z’igihugu ziyemeje guhagarika ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina. U Rwanda rwashyize mu bikorwa umwanzuro 1325 mu mwaka wa 2010 hagamijwe guca ihohoterwa rikorerwa mu ngo n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina. Gahunda y'ibikorwa by'igihugu yanakoze ku mibanire y'abagabo n'abagore nyuma ya jenoside no kubyara ubukungu burambye ku bagore mu gihugu hose. Hariho ugushidikanya ku buryo Umwanzuro 1325 ugira ingaruka ku bagore baba mu turere tutishora muri politiki izwi cyane. Intsinzi yapimwe muri gahunda y'ibikorwa by'igihugu ntabwo yagize ibisubizo bifatika bifitanye isano nicyemezo. == Iterambere ry'uburezi == U Rwanda rwateje imbere uburezi bw'abakobwa kuva jenoside yabaye. Mu 2004, Task Force ishinzwe uburezi bw’abakobwa (GETF) yashinzwe muri minisiteri y’uburezi hagamijwe guteza imbere uburezi ku bakobwa bakiri bato. Hashyizweho gahunda zo gufasha kwigisha abagore bashobora kuba barigeze kuba barangije amashuri kandi bikabemerera kwiga amashuri bangiwe. Izi gahunda zuburinganire mu burezi ntabwo ari iz'abakobwa gusa nubwo; gahunda zashyizwe mu bikorwa zemerera abahungu n’abakobwa kuganira ku burezi bw’umugore. Ikigo cya Aikiah nicyo kigo cya mbere cy’abagore bose mu Rwanda kandi gishyigikira uburinganire hagati y’uburinganire bw'umugore n’umugabo "bategura abanyeshuri babo kuba ejo hazaza h’igihugu." == Uburinganire hagati yuburinganire nubuvuzi == U Rwanda rwagize impinduka nyinshi mu guteza imbere uburinganire kuri bose, hamwe n’icyiciro kimwe bakoze kugira ngo bateze imbere ubuvuzi . Malariya, agakoko gatera SIDA na kolera byigeze kugaragara mu Rwanda. Icyakora, kuva itsembabwoko ryabaye mu 1994, u Rwanda rukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ibintu bishoboke. Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yafatanije na Harvard's Public In Health ndetse n'umuvugizi w’ubuzima ku isi Paul Farmer . Hamwe niyi nkunga, guverinoma yu Rwanda yongeye gushyiraho gahunda y’ubuzima. Guteza imbere ubuzima bw’umugore byayobowe na minisitiri w’[[Ubuzima Mu Rwanda|ubuzima mu Rwanda]], [[Agnes Binagwaho]] . Binagwaho yashimangiye uburinganire muri gahunda y’ubuzima aharanira ko abakobwa bakiri bato bahabwa urukingo rwa HPV Byongeye kandi, u Rwanda rumwe rw’umuryango w’abibumbye ruyobora amatsinda y’ibiganiro ku buzima bw’imyororokere ndetse no kuringaniza imbyaro kugira ngo bigishe abagore bo muri kaminuza ibijyanye n’ubuzima. == Kurangiza ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina == N'ubwo u Rwanda rwemeje itegeko ku gufatwa ku ngufu kwabashakanye mu 2009, haracyari akazi ko guhagarika ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina mu gihugu. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2015, 21 ku ijana by'abagore bo mu Rwanda bahuye n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina no mu mibonano mpuzabitsina mu gihe cy’amezi 12. Iyi mibare iracyari intambwe nini kuva igihe umubare munini wabagore bafashwe kungufu mugihe cya jenoside. Hashyizweho imiryango nk’Urugaga rw’Abagore mu Rwanda mu rwego rwo gufasha kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa mu ngo n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na BioMed Central burasesengura igipimo cy’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abafatanyabikorwa mu Rwanda nyuma ya jenoside, cyane cyane mu myaka ya 2005 na 2010. Muri iki gihe, ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina risobanurwa nk’ihohoterwa ry’umubiri, amarangamutima, imitekerereze, cyangwa igitsina mu mibanire. Nk’uko bitangazwa na BioMed Central, 34 ku ijana by'abagore bo mu Rwanda bavuga ko bari bafitanye umubano kandi bakarokoka ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina mu 2005. Uyu mubare wazamutse ugera kuri 56 ku ijana mu 2010. Uku kwiyongera gushobora guterwa no kugabanya agasuzuguro ku bijyanye n’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abafatanyabikorwa mu Rwanda. Abagore bumva bamerewe neza mugihe basangira ibyababayeho. Byongeye kandi, abayobozi ba politiki b’abagore biyongereye cyane nyuma ya jenoside yabaye mu 2003, bivuguruza uruhare rw’uburinganire mu gihugu hose. BioMed Central yasanze kandi umubare w’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ry’abafatanyabikorwa ryashoboraga kwiyongera bitewe n’umubare ugaragara w’abagore bakomeye muri societe yu Rwanda. Izi nyigisho zombi zerekana ihinduka rito mu mahame mbonezamubano yerekeye ku ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina. Ubundi bushakashatsi bwakozwe n'abashakashatsi bo mu mashami muri [[kaminuza y'u Rwanda]], Kigali, kaminuza ya Umeå, [[Suwede]], na kaminuza ya Gothenburg, muri Suwede, bwakoze iperereza ku ihohoterwa rikorerwa abafatanyabikorwa ba hafi mu Rwanda. Aya makuru yerekana ko nubwo leta yu Rwanda yafashe icyemezo cyo kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ry’abafatanyabikorwa, amahame mbonezamubano ku bagore yari agihuye n’inshingano gakondo zishingiye ku gitsina. Izi ngingo zinyuranye zagize ingaruka ku buryo abagore bakoresha umutungo igihe bahuye n’ihohoterwa. Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza kandi ko kurandura burundu ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, impinduka zigomba kuva mu muryango w’u Rwanda kimwe na politiki yashyizwe mu bikorwa. == Guteza imbere uburinganire == Abagore bo mu Rwanda na bo bagiye gukora kugira ngo icyuho cy’imishahara gishingiye ku gitsina kiveho. Mu 2018, Abanyarwanda binjiza amafaranga mirongo inani n'umunani ugereranyije n'idorari ry'umugabo, Ibi bigashyira u Rwanda ku mwanya wa 25 mu buringanire bw’ubukungu hagati y’uburinganire. [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 5hvraapul4kmy73ov5ainfaxyo50sot 0 8647 132481 130477 2026-06-21T18:33:55Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132481 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Bibliothèque_ENIB_-_Espace_Sciences_Humaines_et_Sociales.JPG|thumb|300px|Isomero ry'ibitabo bivuga ku nkuru za Sciences Humaines et Sociales]] [[Dosiye:Portable radio Olympic-401, by Mykola Lebid (1977).jpg|thumb|300px|isakazamajwi]] [[Ubushakashatsi]] bugaragaza ko indirimbo cyangwa umuziki biri mu bintu bishobora kugufasha mu gihe wigunze. Si ukwigunga gusa ahubwo n'iyo waba ufite agahinda gakabije [https://www.linkedin.com/in/honor%C3%A9-biko-104739149?originalSubdomain=rw Honoré Biko] ni we wavuze ati:"Ubuzima bwanjye ntago bwari bworoshye kuva mu bwana, gusa ku rundi ruhande byaje kumfasha ngera aho nkura mba umugabo, nza kujya mu rukundo uneo nakunze umukobwa ku rwego bitigeze bimbaho na rimwe. Gutandukana nawe byari agahinda gakomeye cyane kurusha kamwe nakuriyemo nita ko ari byo byari bigoye kurusha ibindi byose ku isi." Umuziki hari uburyo yafashamo umuntu ukurikije ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Healthline [https://www.healthline.com/health/benefits-of-music#:~:text=Music's%20effects%20on%20the%20body,engaged%20in%20a%20repetitive%20task. ngibi] bimwe mubyo umuziki wafasha: <u>Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe & Amarangamutima Amabwiriza</u>: Umuziki ugabanya urugero rwa cortisol no guhangayika, gufasha abantu gutunganya, kurekura intimba, no gucunga imihangayiko. Ikora nk'uguhunga bishobora guhindura imyumvire no guteza imbere kuruhuka. <u>Ubuzima bw'umubiri</u>: Kumva umuziki biashobora guhindura umuvuduko w'amaraso no guhumeka, kugabanya umunaniro, no kongera kwihangana. Ikoreshwa mu buryo bwo kuvura kugira ngo ifashe mu gucunga ububabare no kugarura kwibuka, cyane cyane ku barwayi bo guta umutwe. <u>Kumenya & Umusaruro Byongerewe</u>: Umuziki utezimbere kwibanda, kwibuka, hamwe nibikorwa by'ubwenge. Itera ubwonko, bushobora gufasha kongera kuba maso no kunoza ibitekerezo mugihe cyakazi cyangwa kwiga. <u>Guhuza Imibereho & Guhuza</u>: Umuziki ukora nka "kole mbonezamubano," ituma abantu bahuza binyuze mu bitaramo cyangwa gucuranga mu matsinda. Ifasha kugabanya irungu kandi ikomeza umuryango. <u>Iterambere ry'umuntu</u>: Kwiga gucuranga bitera indero, kwihangana, no kwihangana. 1q07knmqvsy1n99wiqstk0xxgbyfyrk 132482 132481 2026-06-21T18:35:43Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132482 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Bibliothèque_ENIB_-_Espace_Sciences_Humaines_et_Sociales.JPG|thumb|300px|Isomero ry'ibitabo bivuga ku nkuru za Sciences Humaines et Sociales]] [[Dosiye:Portable radio Olympic-401, by Mykola Lebid (1977).jpg|thumb|300px|isakazamajwi]] [[Ubushakashatsi]] bugaragaza ko indirimbo cyangwa umuziki biri mu bintu bishobora kugufasha mu gihe wigunze. Si ukwigunga gusa ahubwo n'iyo waba ufite agahinda gakabije [https://www.linkedin.com/in/honor%C3%A9-biko-104739149?originalSubdomain=rw Honoré Biko] ni we wavuze ati:"Ubuzima bwanjye ntago bwari bworoshye kuva mu bwana, gusa ku rundi ruhande byaje kumfasha ngera aho nkura mba umugabo, nza kujya mu rukundo uneo nakunze umukobwa ku rwego bitigeze bimbaho na rimwe. Gutandukana nawe byari agahinda gakomeye cyane kurusha kamwe nakuriyemo nita ko ari byo byari bigoye kurusha ibindi byose ku isi." [[Umuziki]] hari uburyo yafashamo umuntu ukurikije ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Healthline [https://www.healthline.com/health/benefits-of-music#:~:text=Music's%20effects%20on%20the%20body,engaged%20in%20a%20repetitive%20task. ngibi] bimwe mubyo umuziki wafasha: <u>Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe & Amarangamutima Amabwiriza</u>: Umuziki ugabanya urugero rwa cortisol no guhangayika, gufasha abantu gutunganya, kurekura intimba, no gucunga imihangayiko. Ikora nk'uguhunga bishobora guhindura imyumvire no guteza imbere kuruhuka. <u>Ubuzima bw'umubiri</u>: Kumva umuziki biashobora guhindura umuvuduko w'amaraso no guhumeka, kugabanya umunaniro, no kongera kwihangana. Ikoreshwa mu buryo bwo kuvura kugira ngo ifashe mu gucunga ububabare no kugarura kwibuka, cyane cyane ku barwayi bo guta umutwe. <u>Kumenya & Umusaruro Byongerewe</u>: Umuziki utezimbere kwibanda, kwibuka, hamwe nibikorwa by'ubwenge. Itera ubwonko, bushobora gufasha kongera kuba maso no kunoza ibitekerezo mugihe cyakazi cyangwa kwiga. <u>Guhuza Imibereho & Guhuza</u>: Umuziki ukora nka "kole mbonezamubano," ituma abantu bahuza binyuze mu bitaramo cyangwa gucuranga mu matsinda. Ifasha kugabanya irungu kandi ikomeza umuryango. <u>Iterambere ry'umuntu</u>: Kwiga gucuranga bitera indero, kwihangana, no kwihangana. 3ikds2nzgjn1az96079cyqh4shrsuq6 132483 132482 2026-06-21T18:36:32Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132483 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Bibliothèque_ENIB_-_Espace_Sciences_Humaines_et_Sociales.JPG|thumb|300px|Isomero ry'ibitabo bivuga ku nkuru za Sciences Humaines et Sociales]] [[Dosiye:Portable radio Olympic-401, by Mykola Lebid (1977).jpg|thumb|300px|isakazamajwi]] [[Ubushakashatsi]] bugaragaza ko indirimbo cyangwa umuziki biri mu bintu bishobora kugufasha mu gihe wigunze. Si ukwigunga gusa ahubwo n'iyo waba ufite agahinda gakabije [https://www.linkedin.com/in/honor%C3%A9-biko-104739149?originalSubdomain=rw Honoré Biko] ni we wavuze ati:"Ubuzima bwanjye ntago bwari bworoshye kuva mu bwana, gusa ku rundi ruhande byaje kumfasha ngera aho nkura mba umugabo, nza kujya mu rukundo uneo nakunze umukobwa ku rwego bitigeze bimbaho na rimwe. Gutandukana nawe byari agahinda gakomeye cyane kurusha kamwe nakuriyemo nita ko ari byo byari bigoye kurusha ibindi byose ku isi." [[Umuziki]] hari uburyo yafashamo umuntu ukurikije ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Healthline [https://www.healthline.com/health/benefits-of-music#:~:text=Music's%20effects%20on%20the%20body,engaged%20in%20a%20repetitive%20task. ngibi] bimwe mubyo umuziki wafasha: <u>Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe & Amarangamutima Amabwiriza</u>: [[Umuziki gakondo w'u Rwanda|Umuziki]] ugabanya urugero rwa cortisol no guhangayika, gufasha abantu gutunganya, kurekura intimba, no gucunga imihangayiko. Ikora nk'uguhunga bishobora guhindura imyumvire no guteza imbere kuruhuka. <u>Ubuzima bw'umubiri</u>: Kumva umuziki biashobora guhindura umuvuduko w'amaraso no guhumeka, kugabanya umunaniro, no kongera kwihangana. Ikoreshwa mu buryo bwo kuvura kugira ngo ifashe mu gucunga ububabare no kugarura kwibuka, cyane cyane ku barwayi bo guta umutwe. <u>Kumenya & Umusaruro Byongerewe</u>: Umuziki utezimbere kwibanda, kwibuka, hamwe nibikorwa by'ubwenge. Itera ubwonko, bushobora gufasha kongera kuba maso no kunoza ibitekerezo mugihe cyakazi cyangwa kwiga. <u>Guhuza Imibereho & Guhuza</u>: Umuziki ukora nka "kole mbonezamubano," ituma abantu bahuza binyuze mu bitaramo cyangwa gucuranga mu matsinda. Ifasha kugabanya irungu kandi ikomeza umuryango. <u>Iterambere ry'umuntu</u>: Kwiga gucuranga bitera indero, kwihangana, no kwihangana. jvjowj70lgalpr751afo6cb5j79z44n 132484 132483 2026-06-21T18:37:45Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132484 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Bibliothèque_ENIB_-_Espace_Sciences_Humaines_et_Sociales.JPG|thumb|300px|Isomero ry'ibitabo bivuga ku nkuru za Sciences Humaines et Sociales]] [[Dosiye:Portable radio Olympic-401, by Mykola Lebid (1977).jpg|thumb|300px|isakazamajwi]] [[Ubushakashatsi]] bugaragaza ko indirimbo cyangwa umuziki biri mu bintu bishobora kugufasha mu gihe wigunze. Si ukwigunga gusa ahubwo n'iyo waba ufite agahinda gakabije [https://www.linkedin.com/in/honor%C3%A9-biko-104739149?originalSubdomain=rw Honoré Biko] ni we wavuze ati:"Ubuzima bwanjye ntago bwari bworoshye kuva mu bwana, gusa ku rundi ruhande byaje kumfasha ngera aho nkura mba umugabo, nza kujya mu rukundo uneo nakunze umukobwa ku rwego bitigeze bimbaho na rimwe. Gutandukana nawe byari agahinda gakomeye cyane kurusha kamwe nakuriyemo nita ko ari byo byari bigoye kurusha ibindi byose ku isi." [[Umuziki]] hari uburyo yafashamo umuntu ukurikije ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Healthline [https://www.healthline.com/health/benefits-of-music#:~:text=Music's%20effects%20on%20the%20body,engaged%20in%20a%20repetitive%20task. ngibi] bimwe mubyo umuziki wafasha: <u>Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe & Amarangamutima Amabwiriza</u>: [[Umuziki gakondo w'u Rwanda|Umuziki]] ugabanya urugero rwa cortisol no guhangayika, gufasha abantu gutunganya, kurekura intimba, no gucunga imihangayiko. Ikora nk'uguhunga bishobora guhindura imyumvire no guteza imbere kuruhuka. <u>Ubuzima bw'umubiri</u>: Kumva umuziki biashobora guhindura umuvuduko w'amaraso no guhumeka, kugabanya umunaniro, no kongera kwihangana. Ikoreshwa mu buryo bwo kuvura kugira ngo ifashe mu gucunga ububabare no kugarura kwibuka, cyane cyane ku barwayi bo guta umutwe. <u>Kumenya & Umusaruro Byongerewe</u>: Umuziki utezimbere kwibanda, kwibuka, hamwe nibikorwa by'ubwenge. Itera ubwonko, bushobora gufasha kongera kuba maso no kunoza ibitekerezo mugihe cyakazi cyangwa kwiga. <u>Guhuza [[Imibereho yurubyiruko|Imibereho]] & Guhuza</u>: Umuziki ukora nka "kole mbonezamubano," ituma abantu bahuza binyuze mu bitaramo cyangwa gucuranga mu matsinda. Ifasha kugabanya irungu kandi ikomeza umuryango. <u>Iterambere ry'umuntu</u>: Kwiga gucuranga bitera indero, kwihangana, no kwihangana. bs8z7kvgmr9l8x70luqi54m0ge8qhb6 0 8714 132433 130730 2026-06-21T13:38:16Z B.Scalling 15089 /* Mbere yo Mu mwaka 1900 */ imyandikire 132433 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Rwanda_schoolchildren.jpg|thumb|254x254px| Abanyeshuri bo mu mashuri abanza mu Rwanda]] [[File:2018-03-23_OLPC_training_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|248x248px| 2018-03-23 Amahugurwa ya OLPC mu Rwanda]] == Amateka yuburezi [[Rwanda|bw'u Rwanda]] == == Mbere yo Mu mwaka 1900 == '''Uburezi mu Rwanda''' ntabwo bwari busanzwe kandi bwatangwaga ahanini binyuze [[Miryango|mumuryango]] . Amasomo yatangwaga kandi binyuze mu [[Itorero|matorero]]. aho bigaga ibya gisirikare, ibijyanye n'intambara, gucura ibyuma, ibisigo, kuboha ibitebo, n'ibindi Ubumenyi bwabo mubuzima. == Mu mwaka 1960 kugeza mu mwaka 1994 == Nyuma y'ubwigenge, hibanzwe ku kuvugurura gahunda y'uburezi no guteza imbere integanyanyigisho z'igihugu. Intego nyamukuru kwari ukugera ku bana benshi bo mu [[Rwanda]] cyane cyane kunoza uburyo bwo kwiga mu cyaro. Gahunda yigihugu no guhinduranya igitondo n'ikigorobabyatangijwe mu mwaka 1966. Kuva mu mwaka 1977 ,amashuri abanza yari imyaka 8 mu [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]], mugihe amashuli yisumbuye yigishijwaga mu[[Igifaransa|gifaransa]]. == Kuva Mu mwaka 1994 kugeza Mu mwaka 2012 == [[Dosiye:I5H80331 02.jpg|thumb|ikigo cy' amashuri cya Ruhunda cyinjijwe muri Wiki clubs]] Imyaka ya [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|jenoside]] yakorewe abatutsi yibanze ku gushora imari kwabantu no kongera umubare w’abanyeshuri.mu mwaka 1996 hashyizweho amashuri abanza yimyaka 6, ikiciro rusange cyayisumbuye cyimyaka 3, nayisumbuye yimyaka 3, aho [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]] yari ururimi rwo kwigisha kugeza kumyaka 6 y'ibanze, mugihe ayisumbuye , yahindutse igifaransa nicyongereza . Mu mwaka wa 2006, Gahunda ya 4 y’Ingamba z’Uburezi (ESSP 2006–2010) yashyizeho amashuri atishyurwa -9 Yibanze - harimo abanza na tatu yisumbuye. Mugihe igipimo cyo kwiyandikisha cyazamutse, ibiciro bijyanye nishuri byakomeje kuba inzitizi kuri benshi. [[Dosiye:Don Bosco School Gatenga.jpg|thumb|Ishusho iherereye mu kigo cya don bosco mu Gatenga]] Mu mwaka wa 2008, mu rwego rwo gushimangira kwinjira ku [[Rwanda]] m'umuryango [[Umuryango w’Ibihugu by’Iburasirazuba bw’Afurika|w’ibihugu by’Afurika y’iburasirazuba]] (EAC), [[icyongereza]] cyemejwe nkururimi rw’igihugu rwigisha, imyaka 3 gusa yambere y’amashuli abanza niyo yigishwa mu [[Kinyarwanda]]. Hashyizweho abayobozi benshi bashya: * Ikigo [https://web.archive.org/web/20190503215557/http://www.wda.gov.rw/en gishinzwe guteza imbere abakozi (WDA)] cyashinzwe mu mwaka 2008 kugira ngo gikemure muri politiki nziza, gukenera amahugurwa ya tekiniki n’imyuga kwabakozi. * Ikigo [https://web.archive.org/web/20210126202344/http://www.reb.rw/ gishinzwe uburezi mu Rwanda (REB)], cyashinzwe mu mwaka 2011, cyabaye ikigo gishyira mu bikorwa uburezi rusange: gutanga politiki y’uburezi ibitekerezo ku bumenyi, guhuza ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda z’uburezi, kugenzura iterambere ry’imyigishirize, ibipimo by’uburezi, ibizamini by’igihugu ku bumenyi, n'ibindi. * Muri Gashyantare mu mwaka 2018 [[Rwanda Polytechnic]] ( http://www.rp.gov.rw/ )yashyizweho ibumbira hamwe Ishuri rikuru ry'imyuga (IPRC), yabaye ikigo cy'ibikorwa n'amahame ya tekiniki, n'imyuga y'igihugu, etc == Kuva Mu mwaka 2012 kugeza Mu mwaka 2016 == [[Dosiye:I5H80331.jpg|thumb|Wiki Clubs mu ishuri]] Kuva mu mwaka wa 2012, muri gahunda nshya y’ingamba z’uburezi (ESSP 2013-2015), intego yavuye mu kongera umubare w'abinjira n'abiyandikisha mu myaka 9 y'ibanze igera ku kuzamura ireme n’akamaro k’ishuri ndetse no kongera amahirwe yo kwiga amashuri yisumbuye hatangijwe imyaka 12 y’ibanze. Politiki yuburezi (12YBE), ituma amafaranga yishuri atishyurwa kugeza mumashuri yisumbuye. == Minisiteri y'Uburezi == '''Minisitiri w’uburezi''' Dr. Valentine Uwamariya yasimbuye Dr Eugene Mutimura mu mwaka 2020 aba minisitiri w’uburezi [[Dosiye:Dr._Valentine_Uwamariya.jpg|thumb|Minisitiri w'uburezi mu Rwanda Dr. Valentine Uwamariya ]] == '''Ubutumwa n'Intego''' == "Kurwanya ubujiji no kutamenya gusoma." "Gutanga abakozi bafite akamaro mu iterambere ry'ubukungu n'umuryango by'u [[Rwanda]] binyuze mu burezi n'amahugurwa" == Amafaranga yuburezi == Uburezi bufite 15% byingengo y'igihugu muriyo 9.5% ahabwa HE Mu 2003 amafaranga leta yakoresheje mu burezi yari Miliyari 48 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda (ni ukuvuga miliyoni 48.6 z'amapound cyangwa miliyoni 86 z'Amanyamerika). Hagati ya 1996 na 2001 amafaranga rusange yakoreshejwe ava kuri 3.2% agera kuri 5.5%. Icyakora ibyinshi muribi byakoreshejwe mu mashuri yisumbuye. == Ibipimo byuburezi == [[File:Schule_Mpushi-Ruanda.jpg|thumb| Icyumba cy'ishuri i Mpushi]] Inzego zikurikira zigenzura ibipimo byuburezi - Urwego rw'ubwubatsi n'ibikoresho * Gushiraho ibipimo by'icyumba cy'ishuli /ubwubatsi bwishuri. - Inama y’igihugu ishinzwe ibizamini * Gushyiraho ibipimo byamanota niterambere murwego rukurikira rwuburezi. Ishami rishinzwe igenamigambi * Gushyiraho no gukurikirana ibipimo byerekana imikorere ya sisitemu. - Ubugenzuzi Bukuru bw’Uburezi * [[Dosiye:Umuco mu mashuri.jpg|thumb|Abanyeshuri bari kwigisha umuco]]Kugenzura no gutanga inama kubijyanye no kubahiriza amahame. == Ikoranabuhanga n'itumanaho(ICT) mu burezi == [[File:OLPC_classroom_teaching.JPG|thumb| Ishuri rya [[Laptop imwe kuri buri mwana (OLPC)|OLPC]], mumashuri abanza]] Guverinoma y'u [[Rwanda]] yashyizeho ingamba z'igihugu mu ikoranabuhanga n'itumanaho (ICT). Ibi bihuzwa n’ikigo cy’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho ry’u [[Rwanda]] (RITA) cyari kigamije kuba urwego rw’igihugu mu rwego rwo gushyigikira iterambere no gushyira mu bikorwa ibikorwa remezo by’itangazamakuru n’itumanaho mu nzego za Leta n’abikorera. Minisiteri y’Uburezi (MINEDUC) [http://mineduc.gov.rw/] igira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya ICT mu mashuri kandi ikaba iyobora umushinga [[Laptop imwe kuri buri mwana (OLPC)|umwe wa mudasobwa igendanwa ku mwana]] [http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Rwanda] mu gihugu. Nubwo muri iki gihe hari ubumenyi buke bwa ICT n’inkunga ya tekiniki, uburezi bwa ICT bwigishwa mu mashuri makuru kugeza mu mashuri abanza n'ayisumbuye. Kwigisha ICT byatangiye gutanga umusaruro , aho abanyeshuri benshi ubu babona ibiraka bagahabwa umushahara mwiza (ukurikije ibipimo byaho). U [[Rwanda]] kandi rushobora gukurura ubucuruzi binyuze mu ndimi ebyiri Igifaransa n'Icyongereza zikoreshwa n'abaturage benshi. [[Rwanda Education Commons]] (REC) ni gahunda yimyaka ine iterwa inkunga na [[USAID]] mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya ICT mu burezi. Kuva REC yafungura ibiro byayo muri [[MINEDUC]] muri Mutarama mu mwaka 2009, yakoze mu rwego rwo kwagura ubumenyi bw'abarimu, guhuza abarezi hagati yabo, ndetse no gushishikariza no guha ubushobozi abarimu. REC yesheje umuhigo wo kugera ku ntego zayo no kumenyekana nk'umufatanyabikorwa ufatika kandi mwiza mu gufasha u [[Rwanda]] kugera kuri ICT mu ntego z'uburezi. REC yateguye urubuga rwuburezi kuri interineti www.educationcommons.rw Uyu muryango wa interineti urimo isomero riteye imbere ryujuje ubuziranenge ninteganyanyigisho, inama zungurana ibitekerezo, ibikoresho byimbuga rusange, hamwe namakuru. Abarimu barenga 1.630 biyandikishije kuri uru rubuga kandi bahora barukoresha. Bamwe mu banyeshuri bagiye biga muri kaminuza nyafurika yemerera abanyeshuri kwiga kumurongo mugihe bigishwa nabarimu baturutse mubindi bihugu. Mu Kwakira umwaka 2006, Komisiyo ya e-Africa ya [[Umugambi Mushya w’Iterambere muri Afurika|NEPAD]] yatangije umushinga wo kurushaho guteza imbere ICT mu mashuri yo mu [[Rwanda]]. Umushinga uzahuza amashuri muri Afrika, harimo abanza n'ayisumbuye, kandi ugamije kwaguka; amaherezo izashyiramo amashuri yisumbuye yose yu Rwanda. Ibigo bibiri nibyo bifite uruhare runini mu burezi bwa ICT - KIST (Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga rya Kigali) na KIE (Ikigo cy’uburezi cya [[Kigali]] . [[Dosiye:Children preparing salads.jpg|thumb|Abanyeshuri biga gutegura Salade]] Kuva mu mwaka 2005, KIE yagize uruhare muri ICT muri gahunda y’uburezi mu rwego rw’umushinga munini wa EdQual , uterwa inkunga n’ishami ry’[[Ubwongereza]] rishinzwe iterambere mpuzamahanga DfID kandi urimo ibihugu bine by’abafatanyabikorwa ba [[Afurika]]. Gahunda ya EdQual mu [[Rwanda]] yagiye ikorana n’abarimu bo mu mashuri 12 abanza nayisumbuye mu [[Rwanda]]. Binyuze muri gahunda y'amahugurwa n'ibikorwa mumashuri, abarimu bagiye batezimbere ubumenyi bwabo bwa ICT no gukoresha ICT kugirango bashyigikire kwigisha no kwiga siyanse n'imibare. Ubundi bushakashatsi buciriritse bwa EdQual bwagereranije umushinga wa [[Umugambi Mushya w’Iterambere muri Afurika|NEPAD]] mu mashuri yo mu [[Rwanda]] na [[Kenya]]. == Igipimo cyo gusoma no kwandika == Igipimo cyo gusoma no kwandika mu gihugu, cyerekanye ko abafite imyaka 15 kuzamura bashobora gusoma no kwandika, cyari 71% mu mwaka 2009, 38% mu 1978 na 58% mu mwaka 1991. == Imbogamizi z'uburezi mu Rwanda == Urwego rw'uburezi umuntu aba afite akenshi rubonwa nk'uburyo bwo gukusanya imari ifasha mu iterambere ry'ibihugu. Mu [[Rwanda]], mu myaka yashize guverinoma yashyize mu bikorwa politiki yo kugira ngo habeho umubare munini w'abaturage bazi gusoma no kwandika. Mu mwka 2004–2008, 77% by'abagabo n'abagore bari bazi gusoma no kwandika, ibyo bikaba ari ijanisha ryinshi, nyamara, abakomeza amashuri yisumbuye bahagaze kuri 31%. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, '''Minisiteri y'Uburezi (MINEDUC)''' igaragara nkitarashobora kwesa umuhigo wo kugirango abana bato bose bajye ku ishuli. Urwego rw'uburezi, mu [[Rwanda]], rukomeje kuba ruto nubwo hashyizwe mu bikorwa politiki y'uburezi buteganijwe ku mashuri abanza (imyaka 6) ndetse n'ayisumbuye (imyaka 3 ) iyobowe n'amashuri ya [[Leta]]. Abana ntibasabwa kuriha amafaranga yishuri kuri ayo mashuri. Biteganijwe ko umunyarwanda arangiza impuzandengo y'imyaka 10,6 y'uburezi. Ariko, impuzandengo y'imyaka u [[Rwanda]] ikoresha mumashuri ni imyaka 3.3, ibyo bikaba biri munsi yibyateganijwe. Bikaba biri no munsi y'imyaka isanzwe y'ishuri mubihugu byateye imbere na [[Afrika]] yo munsi y'ubutayu bwa Sahara, kuko ho biga imyaka 10.0 n'imyaka 4.5. Hashingiwe kuri raporo '''y’iterambere ry’abantu''' 2010 '''(HDI)''', [[Rwanda|u Rwanda]] ruri ku mwanya wa 152 mu bihugu 169 byose biri mu cyiciro cy’iterambere ry’abantu. Umubare w’abanyarwanda binjira mu mashuri wiyongereye hagati yu mwaka 2001 na 2008, ariko ibikoresho n’umutungo ntibyiyongereye ku kigero kimwe. Kwiyandikisha mu mashuri abanza byikubye hafi kabiri mu myaka icumi ishize, ku mpuzandengo y’ubwiyongere buri mwaka ya 5.4 ku ijana hagati ya 1998 na 2009, igera ku banyeshuri bagera kuri miliyoni 2.2 muri 2008. Icyakora, ubwiyongere bw'abanyeshuri bwatinze mu 2007/08 hiyongereyeho abanyeshuri 40.000 gusa, ugereranije no kwiyongera kw'abanyeshuri 160.000 muri 2005/06. Igitangaje ni uko nta kwiyongera gukomeye kugaragara nyuma yo gushyira mu bikorwa politiki y’uburezi bwibanze ku buntu mu 2003/04, bivuze ko ibintu bitari amafaranga y’ishuri bigira uruhare mu cyemezo cyo kohereza [[umwana]] ku ishuri. Mu mwaka wa 2008, abanyeshuri bagera ku 71 bo mu mashuli abanza bigiraga mu cyumba kimwe, mu mashuri yisumbuye abanyeshuri bagera kuri 5 ugereranyije basangiye [[igitabo]] 1. Mu mashuli abanza umwarimu yigisha abanyeshuri bagera kuri 62 ugereranyije. Amashuri yo mucyaro cya kure cyane nayo abona ko bigoye gukurura abarimu. Inzitizi zindi n’uko ibikoresho by’inyongera byo gusoma bitari bihagije, cyane cyane ku byiciro by’amashuri abanza. * (i) gukwirakwiza ibitabo biterwa cyane no kuboneka kwinkunga, bigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwa guverinoma bwo gukora igenamigambi rihagije, kandi ntibishobora gusubiza neza amasoko n'ibisabwa. * (ii) gusuzuma amasoko yo gutangaza ibitabo akenshi bifata igihe kirekire * (iii) abarimu bumva ko badafite uruhare ruhagije mugikorwa cyo gutoranya ibitabo * (iv) ibitabo bishobora kwangirika kubera gukwirakwiza nabi no gucunga aho bibikwa Izi ngingo zitera kunyuranya ibitabo kwabanyeshuri hagati y’ishuri no mu turere. Ibi bigenda byerekana ko hakiri imbogamizi mubijyanye no kubona n'ibitabo byujuje ubuziranenge mu [[Rwanda]] biteganijwe ko bizakemurwa muri gahunda zimirije. Abagera kuri 40% by'abarimu mu [[Rwanda]] bafite uburambe bwimyaka 5 yo kwigisha. Umubare w’abarimu bujuje ibisabwa mu mashuri abanza wiyongereye kugera kuri 99% muri 2008, nyamara, umubare w’abarimu bujuje ibisabwa mu mashuri yisumbuye ikiciro cya mbere ni 36% na 33% gusa mu kiciro cya kabiri cy'amashuri yisumbuye. Ibi bivuze ko u [[Rwanda]] rudafite abakozi bafite ubumenyi buhanitse, cyane cyane iyo urebye umubare munini wabarimu badafite ubushobozi bwo kwigisha abanyeshuri bo mumashuri yisumbuye. [[Dosiye:Students on masks.jpg|thumb|Abanyeshuri Bari mu ishuri]] Abigisha benshi bumvaga ko bahembwa nabi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, 10% gusa by’abarimu babajijwe bose nibo bize kugira ngo babone impamyabumenyi ihanitse yo kwigisha mu [[Rwanda]]. Benshi mubarimu bigisha mumashuri yisumbuye bariga bashaka impamyabumenyi ihanitse itari iyo kwigisha. Ibi birerekana ko ubushake bwo gukomeza amashuri ari buke kandi hari n'indi mirimo ifite inyungu nyinshi ugereranije no kwigisha mu [[Rwanda]]. Muri rusange, kutagira ireme muri gahunda yuburezi, nkibipimo byabarimu, kubura ibikoresho nubutunzi bituma amashuri adashimishije. == Amashuri abanza == Ururimi rukoreshwa mu kwigisha mu myaka itatu yambere yuburezi bwibanze ni [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]] . Mu mwaka wa kane kugeza mu wa gatandatu, ni Icyongereza. Amasomo y’igifaransa yasubukuwe buri cyumweru mu mashuri abanza, guhera mu 2016. <ref>https://www.jeuneafrique.com/depeches/7725/politique/au-rwanda-le-francais-longtemps-mis-de-cote-fait-un-discret-retour/</ref> Imibare kuva mu mwaka 2003: {| class="wikitable" !Umwaka: ! 2002-3 ! 2007 ! 2011 ! 2015 |- | # y'Amashuri | 2.172 | 2.370 | 2,543 | 2.752 |- | # y'abanyeshuri | 1.636.563 | 2.150.430 | 2,341.146 | 2,450.705 |- | # y'abarimu | 26.024 | 31.037 | 40.299 | 42,005 |- | % by'abarimu babishoboye | 85.2% | 98.1% | 98,6% | 93.9% |- | Abanyeshuri kuri buri mwarimu | 62.9 | 69.3 | 58.1 | 58.3 |- | Igipimo rusange cyo kwiyandikisha (GER) | 100.0% | 151.9% | 127.3% | 135.3% |- | Igipimo cyo kwiyandikisha neza (NER) | 82.7% | 95.8% | 95.9% | 96.9% |} Nubwo hari byinshi byagezweho mu [[Rwanda]] rugerageza kugera ku burezi bw'ibanze ku isi yose, kuri ubu rufite kimwe mu bipimo byisubiramo cyane mu karere ka Sahara. Amashuri abanza arangiye, abanyeshuri bafata icyemezo cyibanze cyuko barangije amashuli abanza (PLE). == Amashuri yisumbuye == Ururimi bigamo ni Icyongereza. Imibare, kuva 2007: {| class="wikitable" !Umwaka: ! 2007 ! 2011 ! 2015 |- | # y'Amashuri | 643 | 1.362 | 1.543 |- | # y'abanyeshuri | 266.518 | 486.437 | 543.936 |- | # y'abarimu | 12,103 | 20.522 | 27,644 |- | % by'abarimu babishoboye | 53.4% | 64.4% | 67.9% |- | Abanyeshuri kuri buri mwarimu | 22.0 | 23.7 | 19.7 |- | Igipimo rusange cyo kwiyandikisha (GER) | 20.5% | 35.5% | 38.0% |- | Igipimo cyo kwiyandikisha neza (NER) | 13.1% | 25.7% | 28.3% |} Amashuri yisumbuye agabanijwe mu cyiciro cya mbere n'icyiciro cya kabiri, byombi bimara imyaka 3. Amashuri Yisumbuye, kimwe n'abanza yibanda ku kunguka ubumenyi nubuhanga. Hamwe na 6 abanza ukongeraho 3 yisumbuye ikiciro cya mbere nibyo bikora -9YBE - 9 yibanze. Iyo myaka 3 irangiye, abanyeshuri bakora Urwego-O,ibizamini byigihugu bibafasha gukomeza Amashuri Yisumbuye. Benshi kandi bakomeza muri sisitemu ya TVET - sisitemeTekiniki, imyuga n'amahugurwa. Guhera mu kiciro cya kabiri cy'ayisumbuye, abanyeshuri batangira amasomo yihariye: * Amashuri Yisumbuye (GSS): aho abanyeshuri bazobereye muri siyanse, ubumuntu, cyangwa indimi bakazakora ibizamini byo kurwego rw'igihugu. * Amashuri yisumbuye ya Tekinike (TSS): amahugurwa ya tekinike aganisha ku cyemezo cya A2. Muri EDPRS II guteza imbere ubumenyi bwa tekiniki n’imyuga byagaragaye ko ari ngombwa mu kuzamura ubukungu bw’u [[Rwanda]]. Hifashishijwe ikigo [https://web.archive.org/web/20190503215557/http://www.wda.gov.rw/en gishinzwe guteza imbere abakozi (WDA)] mu mwaka wa 2008 iyi nzira yisumbuye ya tekiniki iri mu nzira yo kwinjizwa mu bigo by’ubukungu by’akarere ka IPRC, hamwe n’ibigo byigisha imyuga (VTC's) hamwe n’Amashuri makuru. y'Ikoranabuhanga (CoT's). * Amashuri makuru yo guhugura abarimu (TTC) : Abanyeshuri bari muriyamashuli bahugurirwa kuba abarimu bo mumashuri abanza (nubwo bamwe bakomeza amasomo mumashuri makuru). Kuri 16 TTC, gutegura integanyanyigisho, gusuzuma no gutanga ibyemezo ninshingano za [[Kaminuza y'u Rwanda|kaminuza]] yuburezi ya kaminuza yu [[Rwanda]] (UR-CE). Umubare wabanyeshuri nuburinganire muri mwaka 2015: {| class="wikitable" ! ! # y'abanyeshuri ! % Umugore |- | Amashuri yisumbuye | 336.442 | 53.5% |- | Amashuri Yisumbuye - Rusange (GSS) | 131.267 | 55.0% |- | Amashuri Yisumbuye - Tekiniki (TSS) | 67,456 | 44.7% |- | Amashuri Yisumbuye - Umwarimu (TTC) | 8,771 | 55.8% |} [[Dosiye:Kaminuza imag.jpg|thumb|Ibiro bikuru bya Kaminuza y'u Rwanda ]] == Amashuri makuru == Kugeza mu mwaka 2015, mu [[Rwanda]] hari ibigo 44 by'amashuri makuru, 12 muri byo ni ibya Leta naho 32 byigenga. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.mineduc.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/Amatangazo/2015%20Education%20Staiatical%20YearbookF.pdf |accessdate=2021-02-04 |archive-date=2017-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305194604/http://www.mineduc.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/Amatangazo/2015%20Education%20Staiatical%20YearbookF.pdf |deadurl=yes }}</ref> Kaminuza ya mbere mu [[Rwanda]], [[kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda]] (NUR ubu iri muri [[Kaminuza y'u Rwanda|kaminuza yu Rwanda]] ), yafunguwe na guverinoma mu mwaka 1963, ifite abanyeshuri 49. Umwaka w'amashuri wa 1999–2000, ibi byariyongereye bigera ku 4,550. Mu 1997-1998 u [[Rwanda]] rwari rufite abanyeshuri 5.571 biyandikishije mu mashuri makuru. Uyu munsi abanyeshuli babarirwa muri 26.796, 39% muri bo ni igitsina gore. Muri sisitemu yo mumashuri makuru harakorwa PhD zigera ku 100, igice kinini cyazo zikorerwa muri NUR. Mu bice by'ubushakashatsi harimo ubuhinzi, ubworozi, n'amahugurwa y'abashinzwe imirima. Hashyizweho gahunda ya 'Universités du soir' (kaminuza zo mu ishuri rya nijoro) kugira ngo yongere kaminuza. Ariko, habaye impaka zijyanye nubwiza bwamasomo yatanzwe. [[Dosiye:University of Rwanda headquarters.jpg|thumb|Kaminuza Nakuru y'u Rwanda ]] Ishami rishinzwe amashuri makuru mu [[Rwanda]] riracyafite byinshi mu guteza imbere imyigishirize. Muri 2000–1, umwaka wanyuma abanyeshuri barangije bafite amanota ari hagati ya 11 na 50%. Mu myaka yose, iki gipimo cyo gutsinda ni 53-76%. Amashuri makuru mu [[Rwanda]] ni: [https://web.archive.org/web/20210207002642/https://ur.ac.rw/ Kaminuza y'u Rwanda], nayo igizwe na kaminuza 6: * Kaminuza y'u Rwanda - Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubumenyi n'Ikoranabuhanga (ahahoze hitwa [[Kigali]] Institute of Science and Technology) * Kaminuza yu Rwanda - Ishuri Rikuru Nderabarezi (ryahoze ryitwa Kigali Institute of Education) * Kaminuza y'u Rwanda - Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubuvuzi n'Ubuzima (ryahoze ryitwa Ikigo Nderabuzima cya [[Kigali]]) * Kaminuza y'u Rwanda - Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubucuruzi n'Ubukungu (ahahoze hitwa Ishuri ry'Imari na Banki) * Kaminuza yu Rwanda - Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubuhinzi, Ubumenyi bw’inyamaswa n’ubuvuzi bw’amatungo (ahahoze hitwa ISAE Busogo) * Kaminuza y'u Rwanda - Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubuhanzi n'Ubumenyi bw'Imibereho (yahoze yitwa kaminuza nkuru y'u [[Rwanda]]) * Ishuri Rikuru ry'Abarimu mu [[Rwanda]] (RTC) Kaminuza Nyafurika y'Ubuyobozi [[IPRC Tumba|Tumba College of Technology (TCT)]] Umutara Polytechnic (UP) [[IPRC Kigali|Ikigo cya Polytechnic Regional Centre Centre Kicukiro Campus (IPRC)]] [[Institute of Legal Practice and Development (ILPD)|Ikigo cy’amategeko n’iterambere (ILPD)]] Amashuri Makuru Yigenga Ikigo Gatolika cya Kabgayi (ICK) [[Kigali Independent University|Kaminuza yigenga ya Kigali (ULK)]] Ikigo cy'Ubuhinzi, ikoranabuhanga n'Uburezi ya Kibungo (INATEK) Institut Laique adventiste de Kigali (INILAK) [[Kaminuza y'Abadiventisti bo muri Afurika yo Hagati (AUCA)|Kaminuza y'Abadiventisti bo muri Afurika yo Hagati n'Uburasirazuba (AUCA)]] [[INES RUHENGERI|Institut d'Enseignement Supérieur de Ruhengeri (INES)]] Kaminuza Gatolika y'u [[Rwanda]] (CUR) Kaminuza ya KIM (yahoze ari ikigo gishinzwe imiyoborere ya Kigali): www.kimuniversity.ac.rw Byumba Polytechnic (IPB) [https://web.archive.org/web/20210210140846/http://www.kp.ac.rw/ - Kibogora Polytechnic (KP)] [http://www.piass.ac.rw/ - Ikigo cy'Abaporotesitanti cy'Ubuhanzi n'Ubumenyi bw'Imibereho (PIASS)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210125002128/https://utb.ac.rw/ - Kaminuza y'Ubukerarugendo, Ikoranabuhanga n'Ubucuruzi (UTB)] [[Mount Kenya University|Kaminuza ya Mount Kenya Kigali (MKU Kigali)]] Ikigo Nderabuzima cya [[Kigali]], ikigo cy’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi (ISAE) [http://www.akilahinstitute.org - Ikigo cya Akilah gishinzwe abagore] == Reba kandi == * [[Urutonde rw'amashuri mu Rwanda]] == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051230141518/http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/soe/cihe/inhea/profiles/Rwanda.htm Umuyoboro Mpuzamahanga w'Amashuri Makuru Muri Afurika] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051230152340/http://www.nur.ac.rw/ Kaminuza ya NUR] * [http://www.mineduc.gov.rw/ Minisiteri y'Uburezi, u Rwanda] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111204014549/http://www.educationcommons.rw/ U Rwanda Uburezi, u Rwanda] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110716120302/http://www.rwandagateway.org/education/ Rwanda Gateway] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120207011229/http://www.newsfromafrica.org/newsfromafrica/articles/art_10796.html Amakuru Yaturutse muri Afurika] * [http://www.akilahinstitute.org Akilah Institute for Women] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi|Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi mu Rwanda| ]] 8cv5esx8e6hwynjlsy7zyftbq0zpns0 0 8944 132488 126945 2026-06-21T18:48:35Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132488 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pushing up the hill.jpg|thumb|Pushing up the hill]] Umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi umwe mu misozi iri mumujyi wa [[Kigali]] kandi ubitse byinshi mu amateka yu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] ni umusozi uherereye mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Kicukiro|kicukiro]] kandi ukikijwe ni imirenge itandukanye nka [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Gikondo]], Nyamirambo [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]] niyindi. Uyumusozi ufite ubwiza nyaburanga butandukanye harimo amashyamba ubusitani nibindi byiza byinshi bibereye ijisho <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054410/http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubukungu == [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Umusozi wa Rebero]] ni umusozi ukurura ba mukerarugendo kubera ibyiza nyaburanga biwugize. cyane ko ariwo musozi uriho iminara myinshi yifashishwa mwisakaza majwi ndetse namashusho<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m4yBwH--JM</ref> == Amateka == umusozi wa Rebero kandi niho Inkotanyi zanyuze mugufata umujyi wa [[Kigali]] murugamba [[Dosiye:Kigali.jpg|center|thumb|480x480px|rebero view]] rwo guhagarika [[Genocide mu Rwanda|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054413/https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |url-status=dead }}</ref> ku itariki 11 mata == Ubuzima == umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi mwiza ugizwe n'ishyamba n'ubusitani bwiza cyane ko ari numusozi ukorerwaho imyitozo ngorora mubiri<ref>https://web.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=604005269751818&story_fbid=1011085559043785&_rdc=1&_rdr</ref> nabatari bake == Ibigize umusozi wa Rebero == Umusozi wa Rebero ugizwe nibyiza nyaburanga byinshi harimo ninzu ndangamurage iminara, ubusitani, amashuri, ndetse nurwibutso rwa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi<ref>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Baza hano == 8qdvpdfz2rx1h7wx54gxttsz0cq3b4q 132489 132488 2026-06-21T18:49:09Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132489 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pushing up the hill.jpg|thumb|Pushing up the hill]] Umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi umwe mu misozi iri mumujyi wa [[Kigali]] kandi ubitse byinshi mu amateka yu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] ni umusozi uherereye mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Kicukiro|kicukiro]] kandi ukikijwe ni imirenge itandukanye nka [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Gikondo]], [[Nyamirambo]] [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]] niyindi. Uyumusozi ufite ubwiza nyaburanga butandukanye harimo amashyamba ubusitani nibindi byiza byinshi bibereye ijisho <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054410/http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubukungu == [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Umusozi wa Rebero]] ni umusozi ukurura ba mukerarugendo kubera ibyiza nyaburanga biwugize. cyane ko ariwo musozi uriho iminara myinshi yifashishwa mwisakaza majwi ndetse namashusho<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m4yBwH--JM</ref> == Amateka == umusozi wa Rebero kandi niho Inkotanyi zanyuze mugufata umujyi wa [[Kigali]] murugamba [[Dosiye:Kigali.jpg|center|thumb|480x480px|rebero view]] rwo guhagarika [[Genocide mu Rwanda|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054413/https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |url-status=dead }}</ref> ku itariki 11 mata == Ubuzima == umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi mwiza ugizwe n'ishyamba n'ubusitani bwiza cyane ko ari numusozi ukorerwaho imyitozo ngorora mubiri<ref>https://web.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=604005269751818&story_fbid=1011085559043785&_rdc=1&_rdr</ref> nabatari bake == Ibigize umusozi wa Rebero == Umusozi wa Rebero ugizwe nibyiza nyaburanga byinshi harimo ninzu ndangamurage iminara, ubusitani, amashuri, ndetse nurwibutso rwa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi<ref>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Baza hano == be4xh9t2llnu5d3kap3g8q4yna92314 132490 132489 2026-06-21T18:49:44Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132490 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pushing up the hill.jpg|thumb|Pushing up the hill]] Umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi umwe mu misozi iri mumujyi wa [[Kigali]] kandi ubitse byinshi mu amateka yu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] ni umusozi uherereye mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Kicukiro|kicukiro]] kandi ukikijwe ni imirenge itandukanye nka [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Gikondo]], [[Nyamirambo]] [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]] niyindi. Uyumusozi ufite ubwiza nyaburanga butandukanye harimo [[amashyamba]] ubusitani nibindi byiza byinshi bibereye ijisho <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054410/http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubukungu == [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Umusozi wa Rebero]] ni umusozi ukurura ba mukerarugendo kubera ibyiza nyaburanga biwugize. cyane ko ariwo musozi uriho iminara myinshi yifashishwa mwisakaza majwi ndetse namashusho<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m4yBwH--JM</ref> == Amateka == umusozi wa Rebero kandi niho Inkotanyi zanyuze mugufata umujyi wa [[Kigali]] murugamba [[Dosiye:Kigali.jpg|center|thumb|480x480px|rebero view]] rwo guhagarika [[Genocide mu Rwanda|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054413/https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |url-status=dead }}</ref> ku itariki 11 mata == Ubuzima == umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi mwiza ugizwe n'ishyamba n'ubusitani bwiza cyane ko ari numusozi ukorerwaho imyitozo ngorora mubiri<ref>https://web.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=604005269751818&story_fbid=1011085559043785&_rdc=1&_rdr</ref> nabatari bake == Ibigize umusozi wa Rebero == Umusozi wa Rebero ugizwe nibyiza nyaburanga byinshi harimo ninzu ndangamurage iminara, ubusitani, amashuri, ndetse nurwibutso rwa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi<ref>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Baza hano == owe61rr6uvmy559ws8i2jsubcuoxr0a 132491 132490 2026-06-21T18:50:36Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132491 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pushing up the hill.jpg|thumb|Pushing up the hill]] Umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi umwe mu misozi iri mumujyi wa [[Kigali]] kandi ubitse byinshi mu amateka yu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] ni umusozi uherereye mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Kicukiro|kicukiro]] kandi ukikijwe ni imirenge itandukanye nka [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Gikondo]], [[Nyamirambo]] [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]] n'iyindi. Uyumusozi ufite ubwiza nyaburanga butandukanye harimo [[amashyamba]] ubusitani n'ibindi byiza byinshi bibereye ijisho <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054410/http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubukungu == [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Umusozi wa Rebero]] ni umusozi ukurura ba mukerarugendo kubera ibyiza nyaburanga biwugize. cyane ko ariwo musozi uriho iminara myinshi yifashishwa mwisakaza majwi ndetse namashusho<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m4yBwH--JM</ref> == Amateka == umusozi wa Rebero kandi niho Inkotanyi zanyuze mugufata umujyi wa [[Kigali]] murugamba [[Dosiye:Kigali.jpg|center|thumb|480x480px|rebero view]] rwo guhagarika [[Genocide mu Rwanda|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054413/https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |url-status=dead }}</ref> ku itariki 11 mata == Ubuzima == umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi mwiza ugizwe n'ishyamba n'ubusitani bwiza cyane ko ari numusozi ukorerwaho imyitozo ngorora mubiri<ref>https://web.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=604005269751818&story_fbid=1011085559043785&_rdc=1&_rdr</ref> nabatari bake == Ibigize umusozi wa Rebero == Umusozi wa Rebero ugizwe nibyiza nyaburanga byinshi harimo ninzu ndangamurage iminara, ubusitani, amashuri, ndetse nurwibutso rwa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi<ref>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Baza hano == 8aw87xg8h89r2jn98p1gkcukn73di80 132492 132491 2026-06-21T18:51:28Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132492 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pushing up the hill.jpg|thumb|Pushing up the hill]] Umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi umwe mu misozi iri mumujyi wa [[Kigali]] kandi ubitse byinshi mu amateka yu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] ni umusozi uherereye mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Kicukiro|kicukiro]] kandi ukikijwe ni [[Imirenge y’u Rwanda|imirenge]] itandukanye nka [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Gikondo]], [[Nyamirambo]] [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]] n'iyindi. Uyu musozi ufite ubwiza nyaburanga butandukanye harimo [[amashyamba]] ubusitani n'ibindi byiza byinshi bibereye ijisho <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054410/http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubukungu == [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Umusozi wa Rebero]] ni umusozi ukurura ba mukerarugendo kubera ibyiza nyaburanga biwugize. cyane ko ariwo musozi uriho iminara myinshi yifashishwa mwisakaza majwi ndetse namashusho<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m4yBwH--JM</ref> == Amateka == umusozi wa Rebero kandi niho Inkotanyi zanyuze mugufata umujyi wa [[Kigali]] murugamba [[Dosiye:Kigali.jpg|center|thumb|480x480px|rebero view]] rwo guhagarika [[Genocide mu Rwanda|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054413/https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |url-status=dead }}</ref> ku itariki 11 mata == Ubuzima == umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi mwiza ugizwe n'ishyamba n'ubusitani bwiza cyane ko ari numusozi ukorerwaho imyitozo ngorora mubiri<ref>https://web.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=604005269751818&story_fbid=1011085559043785&_rdc=1&_rdr</ref> nabatari bake == Ibigize umusozi wa Rebero == Umusozi wa Rebero ugizwe nibyiza nyaburanga byinshi harimo ninzu ndangamurage iminara, ubusitani, amashuri, ndetse nurwibutso rwa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi<ref>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Baza hano == al8mlwj5r0pvtn9ydaj10ea7vq5btkj 132493 132492 2026-06-21T18:53:13Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132493 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pushing up the hill.jpg|thumb|Pushing up the hill]] Umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi umwe mu misozi iri mumujyi wa [[Kigali]] kandi ubitse byinshi mu amateka yu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] ni umusozi uherereye mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Kicukiro|kicukiro]] kandi ukikijwe ni [[Imirenge y’u Rwanda|imirenge]] itandukanye nka [[Umurenge wa Kigali|Gikondo]], [[Nyamirambo]] [[Umurenge wa Mageragere|Mageragere]] n'iyindi. Uyu musozi ufite ubwiza nyaburanga butandukanye harimo [[amashyamba]] ubusitani n'ibindi byiza byinshi bibereye ijisho <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054410/http://www.igicumbi.com/index.php/ubukerarugendo-mu-rwanda/ibyiza-nyaburanga/item/430-ibintu-byo-gusura-ku-musozi-wa-rebero |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubukungu == [[Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo|Umusozi wa Rebero]] ni umusozi ukurura ba mukerarugendo kubera ibyiza nyaburanga biwugize. cyane ko ariwo musozi uriho iminara myinshi yifashishwa mwisakaza majwi ndetse n'amashusho<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m4yBwH--JM</ref> == Amateka == umusozi wa Rebero kandi niho Inkotanyi zanyuze mugufata umujyi wa [[Kigali]] murugamba [[Dosiye:Kigali.jpg|center|thumb|480x480px|rebero view]] rwo guhagarika [[Genocide mu Rwanda|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2021-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625054413/https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/amateka-yihariye-y-uburyo-inkotanyi-zafashe-rebero-mu-1994-bigasaza-u-bufaransa |url-status=dead }}</ref> ku itariki 11 mata == Ubuzima == umusozi wa Rebero ni umusozi mwiza ugizwe n'ishyamba n'ubusitani bwiza cyane ko ari numusozi ukorerwaho imyitozo ngorora mubiri<ref>https://web.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=604005269751818&story_fbid=1011085559043785&_rdc=1&_rdr</ref> nabatari bake == Ibigize umusozi wa Rebero == Umusozi wa Rebero ugizwe nibyiza nyaburanga byinshi harimo inzu ndangamurage iminara, ubusitani, amashuri, ndetse nurwibutso rwa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|jenocide]] yakorewe abatutsi<ref>https://www.kicukiro.gov.rw/akarere/menya-akarere</ref> == Baza hano == bddp7pehxi3nfkul904wyjtr71tekhw 0 8948 132510 132337 2026-06-21T21:59:51Z B.Scalling 15089 /* Ubushakashatsi */ 132510 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abami bategetse u Rwanda''' Impuguke mu mateka Alexis Kagame n’abandi banditse ku mateka y’u [[Rwanda]], bavuga ko Abami 28 aribo bayoboye u [[Rwanda]] kuva ahagana mu mwaka wa 1091 kugeza muwa 1960. Amateka y’u [[Rwanda]] kandi agaragaza ko ab' Abami bose bo mu Rwanda bakomokaga mu muryango umwe wo mu bwoko bw’Abanyiginya. == Amateka == [[Dosiye:Musinga.jpg|thumb|umwami Yuhi I Musinga]] [[Dosiye:Tutsi King Kigeli in Exile (cropped).jpg|thumb|Umwami Kigeli V Ndahindurwa]] Igihugu cy'u Rwanda gifite amateka yacyo yihariye ajyanye n’ingoma za cyami zariho mu myaka yo hambere. [[Dosiye:RUGANZU_monument.jpg|thumb|Ikibumbano cyerekana umwami RUGANZU II Ndoli]] Bamwe mu bami babaye ibihangange ku bw’inyurabwenge rijimije ryabo ryihariye, abandi babaye indatwa ku bw’ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa mu rugamba rwo kwagura igihugu no kurinda ubusugire bwacyo.[https://web.archive.org/web/20190819131735/http://umubavu.com/amateka/article/Twige-amateka-yacu-tumenya-abami-28-bayoboye-u-Rwanda-kuva-1091-1960] Amateka y’u Rwanda kugira ngo ashyirwe mu nyandiko, hakoreshwaga ihererekanya bumenyi bafataga mu mutwe, dore ko abanyarwanda bari abahanga mu kuvuga imivugo, [[ibyivugo]], amahamba, ibisigo n’ibindi. Bakoreshaga ihererekanyabumenyi bafata mu mutwe. Bitewe n’uburyo bw’ishyinguranyandiko butari buriho muri ibyo bihe, amateka yagiye amenyekana cyane n’abagiye bahiga abandi cyane mu bikorwa by’indashyikirwa. Iyi akaba ariyo mpamvu nyamukuru usanga [[Igitabo|ibitabo]] bivuga ku mateka hari aho bidahuza. Alexis Kagame n’abandi banditsi, bakoze urutonde hagendewe ku bikorwa bikomeye byaranze ingoma ya buri mwami, ijyanye n’igihe cye cyo kwima na bamwe mu bami bo mu bihugu byari bikikije u Rwanda, ibitero bikomeye byaragabwe, inzara yateye, impinduka zidasanzwe mu buyobozi cyangwa mu mibereho ya Rubanda n’ibindi. == Urutonde rw'Abami bayoboye u Rwanda == [[Dosiye:Kings_Palace_1.jpg|thumb|Kings Palace 1]] 1. [[GIHANGA NGOMIJANA|Gihanga I Ngomijan]]<nowiki/>a (1091-1124) 2. [[Kanyarwanda I Gahima I|Kanyarwanda Gahima]] (1124-1157) 3. Yuhi I Musindi (1157-1180) 4. Ndahiro I Ruyange (1180-1213) 5. Ndoba (1213-1246) 6. Samembe (1246-1279) 7. Nsoro Samukondo (1279-1312) 8. Ruganzu I Bwimba (1312-1345) 9. Cyilima I Rugwe (1345-1378) 10. [[Kigeli I Mukobanya]] (1378-1411) 11. [[Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi|Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi I]] (1411-1444) [[Dosiye:Tchached_house.jpg|thumb|Icumbi ry'abami bahambere mu Rwanda]] 12. [[Yuhi II Gahima II]] (1444-1477) 13. [[Ndahiro II Cyamatare]] (1477-1510) 14. [[Ruganzu II Ndoli]] (1510-1543) 15. [[Mutara I Nsoro III Semugeshi|Mutara I Nsoro II Semugeshi]] (1543-1576) 16[[Kigeli II Nyamuheshera|. Kigeli II Nyamuheshera]] (1576-1609) 17. [[Mibamwe II Sekarongoro II Gisanura|Mibambwe II Sekarongoro II Gisanura]] (1609-1642) 18[[Yuhi III Mazimpaka|. Yuhi III Mazimpaka]] (1642-1675) 19. [[Cyilima II Rujugira]] (1675-1708) 20. [[Kigeli III Ndabarasa]] (1708-1741) [[Kalemera Rwaka|Karemera Rwaka]] : (Ku rutonde ntabarwa kuko yabaye umusigarira wa Ndabarasa ubwo yarwaraga amakaburo) 21. [[Mibambwe III Mutabazi II Sentabyo]] (1741-1746) 22. [[Yuhi IV Gahindiro]] (1746-……?) 23. [[Mutara II Rwogera]] (1830-1853) 24. [[Kigeli IV Rwabugiri|Kigeli IV Rwabugili]] (1853-1895) 25. [[Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa]] (1895-1895) Yakorewe kudeta. 26. [[Yuhi V Musinga]] (1895-1931) 27. [[Mutara III Rudahigwa]] (1931-1959) [[Dosiye:Mutara_II_of_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Mutara II Rudahigwa w' u Rwanda]] 28. [[Kigeli V Ndahindurwa]] (1959-1960 Mu nyandiko zakozwe, kugeza none, hagendewe ku byo [[Abiru]] n’ibisonga by’Abami bagaragaje, Abami b’u Rwanda bakurikiranye n’imyaka bimye ingoma, mu buryo bukurikira kuva mu mwaka wa 1091 kugeza muwa 1960.<ref>https://igihe.com/umuco/article/abami-10-bashatse-abagore-benshi-mu-mateka-y-u-rwanda</ref><ref>https://panorama.rw/amazina-yahabwa-abami-mu-rwanda-ninshingano-zabo/</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/122396/Education/know-your-history-the-kings-of-rwanda</ref> == Ubushakashatsi == Bitewe nuko impuguke mu mateka zakoze [[ubushakashatsi]] ku bantu banyuranye kugira ngo zishyire amateka y’u Rwanda mu nyandiko, hari henshi usanga badahuza nko ku myaka ku bikorwa bimwe na bimwe, kuko byari ukugereranya. Akaba ariyo mpamvu bitazagutangaza uguye nko ku gitabo kinyuranya n’uru rutonde.<ref>https://rwiyemeza.com/kn/mordet.php?titID=5818670cd70ad89173d0652ebfca10a389c&vario=229a9f382b7e96e8e74cf5c299f6634e5d</ref> [[Dosiye:King Muzinga’s children and Major R. Høier’s daughter. Ruanda 1928. (9422840528).jpg|thumb|Umuryango w'Umwami MUSINGA ]] Twibukiranye ko kandi ko [[Umwami]] yagiraga ububasha bw’ikirenga mu gihugu cye. Yaricaga agakiza, akagaba akanyaga. Muri make ubuzima bw’abaturage b’Igihugu cyose bwabaga buri mu maboko ye. Ikintu cyose cyabaga ari icy’Umwami, [[inka]] zari iz’Umwami, ubutaka bwabaga ari ubw’Umwami, [[Umugore|abagore]] bose babaga ari ab’Umwami, abana babaga ari ab’Umwami n’ibindi. Iteka yabaga yaciye ryabaga ari ihame ntakuka, rikubahirizwa kuva kubabyeyi kugeza kubana, abuzukuru, abuzukuruza n’ubuvivi bakabitozwa. == Amashakiro; == 3omfavba7dgf6v7a6wtqm6dtpwatcgd 132511 132510 2026-06-21T22:00:40Z B.Scalling 15089 /* Ubushakashatsi */ 132511 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abami bategetse u Rwanda''' Impuguke mu mateka Alexis Kagame n’abandi banditse ku mateka y’u [[Rwanda]], bavuga ko Abami 28 aribo bayoboye u [[Rwanda]] kuva ahagana mu mwaka wa 1091 kugeza muwa 1960. Amateka y’u [[Rwanda]] kandi agaragaza ko ab' Abami bose bo mu Rwanda bakomokaga mu muryango umwe wo mu bwoko bw’Abanyiginya. == Amateka == [[Dosiye:Musinga.jpg|thumb|umwami Yuhi I Musinga]] [[Dosiye:Tutsi King Kigeli in Exile (cropped).jpg|thumb|Umwami Kigeli V Ndahindurwa]] Igihugu cy'u Rwanda gifite amateka yacyo yihariye ajyanye n’ingoma za cyami zariho mu myaka yo hambere. [[Dosiye:RUGANZU_monument.jpg|thumb|Ikibumbano cyerekana umwami RUGANZU II Ndoli]] Bamwe mu bami babaye ibihangange ku bw’inyurabwenge rijimije ryabo ryihariye, abandi babaye indatwa ku bw’ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa mu rugamba rwo kwagura igihugu no kurinda ubusugire bwacyo.[https://web.archive.org/web/20190819131735/http://umubavu.com/amateka/article/Twige-amateka-yacu-tumenya-abami-28-bayoboye-u-Rwanda-kuva-1091-1960] Amateka y’u Rwanda kugira ngo ashyirwe mu nyandiko, hakoreshwaga ihererekanya bumenyi bafataga mu mutwe, dore ko abanyarwanda bari abahanga mu kuvuga imivugo, [[ibyivugo]], amahamba, ibisigo n’ibindi. Bakoreshaga ihererekanyabumenyi bafata mu mutwe. Bitewe n’uburyo bw’ishyinguranyandiko butari buriho muri ibyo bihe, amateka yagiye amenyekana cyane n’abagiye bahiga abandi cyane mu bikorwa by’indashyikirwa. Iyi akaba ariyo mpamvu nyamukuru usanga [[Igitabo|ibitabo]] bivuga ku mateka hari aho bidahuza. Alexis Kagame n’abandi banditsi, bakoze urutonde hagendewe ku bikorwa bikomeye byaranze ingoma ya buri mwami, ijyanye n’igihe cye cyo kwima na bamwe mu bami bo mu bihugu byari bikikije u Rwanda, ibitero bikomeye byaragabwe, inzara yateye, impinduka zidasanzwe mu buyobozi cyangwa mu mibereho ya Rubanda n’ibindi. == Urutonde rw'Abami bayoboye u Rwanda == [[Dosiye:Kings_Palace_1.jpg|thumb|Kings Palace 1]] 1. [[GIHANGA NGOMIJANA|Gihanga I Ngomijan]]<nowiki/>a (1091-1124) 2. [[Kanyarwanda I Gahima I|Kanyarwanda Gahima]] (1124-1157) 3. Yuhi I Musindi (1157-1180) 4. Ndahiro I Ruyange (1180-1213) 5. Ndoba (1213-1246) 6. Samembe (1246-1279) 7. Nsoro Samukondo (1279-1312) 8. Ruganzu I Bwimba (1312-1345) 9. Cyilima I Rugwe (1345-1378) 10. [[Kigeli I Mukobanya]] (1378-1411) 11. [[Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi|Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi I]] (1411-1444) [[Dosiye:Tchached_house.jpg|thumb|Icumbi ry'abami bahambere mu Rwanda]] 12. [[Yuhi II Gahima II]] (1444-1477) 13. [[Ndahiro II Cyamatare]] (1477-1510) 14. [[Ruganzu II Ndoli]] (1510-1543) 15. [[Mutara I Nsoro III Semugeshi|Mutara I Nsoro II Semugeshi]] (1543-1576) 16[[Kigeli II Nyamuheshera|. Kigeli II Nyamuheshera]] (1576-1609) 17. [[Mibamwe II Sekarongoro II Gisanura|Mibambwe II Sekarongoro II Gisanura]] (1609-1642) 18[[Yuhi III Mazimpaka|. Yuhi III Mazimpaka]] (1642-1675) 19. [[Cyilima II Rujugira]] (1675-1708) 20. [[Kigeli III Ndabarasa]] (1708-1741) [[Kalemera Rwaka|Karemera Rwaka]] : (Ku rutonde ntabarwa kuko yabaye umusigarira wa Ndabarasa ubwo yarwaraga amakaburo) 21. [[Mibambwe III Mutabazi II Sentabyo]] (1741-1746) 22. [[Yuhi IV Gahindiro]] (1746-……?) 23. [[Mutara II Rwogera]] (1830-1853) 24. [[Kigeli IV Rwabugiri|Kigeli IV Rwabugili]] (1853-1895) 25. [[Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa]] (1895-1895) Yakorewe kudeta. 26. [[Yuhi V Musinga]] (1895-1931) 27. [[Mutara III Rudahigwa]] (1931-1959) [[Dosiye:Mutara_II_of_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Mutara II Rudahigwa w' u Rwanda]] 28. [[Kigeli V Ndahindurwa]] (1959-1960 Mu nyandiko zakozwe, kugeza none, hagendewe ku byo [[Abiru]] n’ibisonga by’Abami bagaragaje, Abami b’u Rwanda bakurikiranye n’imyaka bimye ingoma, mu buryo bukurikira kuva mu mwaka wa 1091 kugeza muwa 1960.<ref>https://igihe.com/umuco/article/abami-10-bashatse-abagore-benshi-mu-mateka-y-u-rwanda</ref><ref>https://panorama.rw/amazina-yahabwa-abami-mu-rwanda-ninshingano-zabo/</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/122396/Education/know-your-history-the-kings-of-rwanda</ref> == Ubushakashatsi == Bitewe nuko impuguke mu mateka zakoze [[ubushakashatsi]] ku bantu banyuranye kugira ngo zishyire amateka y’u Rwanda mu nyandiko, hari henshi usanga badahuza nko ku myaka ku bikorwa bimwe na bimwe, kuko byari ukugereranya. Akaba ariyo mpamvu bitazagutangaza uguye nko ku gitabo kinyuranya n’uru rutonde.<ref>https://rwiyemeza.com/kn/mordet.php?titID=5818670cd70ad89173d0652ebfca10a389c&vario=229a9f382b7e96e8e74cf5c299f6634e5d</ref> [[Dosiye:King Muzinga’s children and Major R. Høier’s daughter. Ruanda 1928. (9422840528).jpg|thumb|Umuryango w'Umwami MUSINGA ]] Twibukiranye ko kandi ko [[Umwami]] yagiraga ububasha bw’ikirenga mu gihugu cye. Yaricaga agakiza, akagaba akanyaga. Muri make ubuzima bw’abaturage b’Igihugu cyose bwabaga buri mu maboko ye. Ikintu cyose cyabaga ari icy’Umwami, [[inka]] zari iz’Umwami, ubutaka bwabaga ari ubw’Umwami, [[Umugore|abagore]] bose babaga ari ab’Umwami, [[abana]] babaga ari ab’Umwami n’ibindi. Iteka yabaga yaciye ryabaga ari ihame ntakuka, rikubahirizwa kuva kubabyeyi kugeza kubana, abuzukuru, abuzukuruza n’ubuvivi bakabitozwa. == Amashakiro; == nzm0no10muy6f1ljol36yta4mbboka7 0 8954 132441 125997 2026-06-21T14:07:41Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132441 wikitext text/x-wiki == Amashyuza n'iki? == [[File:A river in Rwanda (2044026946).jpg|thumb|Umugezi mu Rwanda|295x295px]] Amazi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu buzima bw'abantu. Abahanga bavuga ko n'ubuzima ubwabwo butangirira mu mazi. Hari ibyiza by'amazi ava mu butaka agasohoka ashyushye yitwa Amashyuza.<ref name=":0">https://kigalitoday.com/ubuzima/ubuvuzi/article/amashyuza-avura-indwara-nyinshi-zirimo-na-bronchites</ref> Amashyuza ni amazi agaragara no mu nkengero z’ikiyaga cya Kivu mu Rwanda, asohoka mu butaka ashyushye, rimwe na rimwe atogota nk’inkono imaze gufata umuriro. Mu Karere ka Rubavu amashyuza aboneka mu Murenge wa Nyamyumba, akaba akunze no gusurwa n’abantu benshi. === AKAMARO K'AMASHYUZA === Ubushyuhe karemano buba mu mashyuza ni bwo butuma agira imbaraga mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye, cyane cyane iz'imitsi (rubagimpande). Iyo ayo mazi akiri mu isoko aba ashobora no kurenza dogere 60 z'ubushyuhe, ariko iyo ageze hanze aba ari hagati ya degere z'ubushye 28 na 36.<ref name=":0" /> Kugira ngo umuntu abone ibyiza by'amashyuza nk'umuti, uretse koga ayo mazi, bayakoresha mu gihe barimo kugorora umuntu ayamo (massage). Ibyo bigakorwa n'abantu bize kandi bazobereye ibyo kugorora ingingo bitwa 'kinesitherapeutes' mu rurimi rw'Igifaransa.<ref name=":0" /> Urwo rubuga ruvuga ko hari abantu bajya kwa muganga bakabandikira imiti itandukanye, nyuma bamara kubona ntacyo ibamariye , bakibuka ko bashobora no kwivuza imiti gakondo usanga mu mico y'ibihugu bitandukanye. Muri iyo miti gakondo harimo n'amazi y'amashyuza.<ref name=":0" /> === Ni ryari umuntiu agirwa inama yo kwivurisha amashyuza? === Amashyuza akoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye harimo iz'imitsi, no kubabara mu ngingo. Hari kandi n'indwara z'uruhu zivurwa n'amashyuza. ==== Amashyuza ni meza mu kuvura indwara zifata mu myanya y'ubuhumekero. ==== Nk'abantu barwara indwara yitwa 'bronchite' irangwa no gukorora igihe kirekire ariko itandura, umuhaha n'izindi, bagirwa inama yo koga amazi y'amashyuza. Ayo mazi atuma amatembabuzi asa n'ashonga, bityo imyanya y'ubuhumekero igakora neza bitagombye gusaba imiti yo kwa muganga. Intego yo gukoresha aya mazi ni ukugabanya imiti bita ' antibiotiques'.<ref name=":0" /> ===== Amashyuza ni meza ku ruhu rw'umuntu: ===== Amashyuza nubwo yagurwa yaramaze gutunganywa agashyirwa mu macupa n'umwuka, cyangwa se agashyirwa mu mavuta yo gusiga ku ruhu, igihe cyose agira akamaro. Ibyiza by'amashyuza ku ruhu rw'umuntu ni ibintu bizwi guhera mu myaka ya cyera, kuko hari abantu bajyaga bayakoresha ku ruhu rwafuruswe cyangwa rurwaye rugakira. Amashyuza akoreshwa ku ruhu rw'umuntu umaze kwiyogosha kugira ngo atagira imiburu, ku ruhu rwababuwe n'izuba ryinshi, ku ruhu rwahuye, n'ubushye, kuko afasha uruhu gukira vuba.<ref name=":0" /> == AMASHAKIRO: == <references /> 0t336eeq8uf99hjpz1h7m30rlymybyg 0 9183 132500 122662 2026-06-21T20:50:15Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132500 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Tidjara Kabendera.jpg|thumb|Tidjara Kabendera]] '''Kabendera''' ni umunyarwandakazi wavutse muri 1978, ni umunyamakuru wa Radiyo na televisiyo y'igihugu wakoreye umwuga w'itangazamakuru imyaka irenga 18<ref>http://www.bwiza.com/?Ni-iki-cyihishe-inyuma-y-ugusezera-kwa-Tidjara-Kabendera-wakoreye-RBA-imyaka-18</ref>. Akora ishoramari akaba ari umwana wa Kabendera Shinani nawe yari umunyamakuru wakoraga kuri radiyo Rwanda , ijwi rya Amerika na BBC<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/womens-month/inkuru/article/tidjara-amaze-imyaka-15-ku-ntebe-ya-se-shinani-wamamaye-kuri-radio-rwanda |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-10-05 |archive-date=2021-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005032246/https://igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/womens-month/inkuru/article/tidjara-amaze-imyaka-15-ku-ntebe-ya-se-shinani-wamamaye-kuri-radio-rwanda |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Ubuzima bwe == [[Dosiye:Tanzania in its region.svg|thumb|Tidjara yavukiye mugihugu cya Tanzania]] Tidjara yavukiye mu Rwanda mu Karere ka Gasabo, aza kujya mu gihugu cya Tanzaniya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi itangiye 1994 dore ko muri icyo gihugu ariho se umubyara avuka.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/147229/Lifestyle/my-efforts-to-advocate-for-swahili-speaking-are-paying-off-a-kabendera</ref> == Ibijyanye n'umwuga we == Aho muri Tanzaniya yize amashuri yisumbuye kuri Rugambwa Secondary School ndetse yiga itangazamakuru muri East African Training Institute (yafatwaga nk'agashami ka Dar es Salama). Muri 2002 yatangiriye itangazamakuru muri Tanzaniya Arusha kuri Radio 5.<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/89567/imyaka-15-irashize-tidjara-kabendera-akabije-inzozi-zo-gukumbuza-shinani-wamamaye-kuri-rad-89567.html</ref>2003 nibwo yagarutse mu Rwanda atangira gukora kuri Radio Rwanda kuva ubwo kugeza 2021,yakoranye kandi na Magic FM.<ref>https://umuryango.rw/ubuzima-115/imibereho/article/tidjara-kabendera-wakunzwe-cyane-muri-rba-yasezeye-ku-mirimo-ye-nyuma-y-imyaka</ref> == Mu bucuruzi == Tidjara Kabendere ni umwe mu banyarwandakazi binjiye muri businesi ndetse n'ubushoramari. Akora kandi ibijyanye no guhangana n'indwara zibasira uruhu ndetse akaba yarashinze iduka ricuruza amavuta avura indwara z'uruhu, harimo ibiheri, kumagara mumaso, amavuta menshi ndetse no gusatagurika bikaba byose bikorwa mu bimera karemano.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kigaliupdates.com/umunyamakuru-tidjara-kabendera-yiyemeje-guhangana-nindwara-zibasira-uruhu-ashinga-iduka-ricuruza-amavuta-yuruhu-akoze-mubimera-karemano/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-10-25 |archive-date=2021-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025160639/https://kigaliupdates.com/umunyamakuru-tidjara-kabendera-yiyemeje-guhangana-nindwara-zibasira-uruhu-ashinga-iduka-ricuruza-amavuta-yuruhu-akoze-mubimera-karemano/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tidjara akora kandi ubucuruzi bw'imyenda aho acuruza imyenda itandukanye ariko akita cyane ku myenda yabasilamu kandi yose ifite umwihariko.<ref>https://www.webrwanda.com/2020/09/video-tidjara-kabendera-yinjiye-mu_9.html</ref> === Inama atanga === Uyu mugore akomeza gushishikariza abadamu bagenzi be, gutinyuka ndetse no gushyira mubikorwa ibisubizo by'ibibazo byinshi bafite ndetse usanga no mubuzima bwa bagenzi babo bwa buri munsi.<ref>https://isano.rw/indi-mpamvu-yatumye-tidjara-kabendera-asezera-muri-rba/</ref> ==== Indi mibereho ==== Tidjara ni umubeyi w'abana 4 abahungu babiri n'abakobwa babiri.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rwandatribune.com/umunyamakuru-tidjara-kabendera-yasezeye-rba-amaze-imyaka-18-akorera/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-05-10 |archive-date=2021-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303183950/https://www.rwandatribune.com/umunyamakuru-tidjara-kabendera-yasezeye-rba-amaze-imyaka-18-akorera/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Category:Abagore]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi]] [[Ikiciro:Ubwiza]] [[Ikiciro:Abanyarwandakazi bari muri business]] 9vz0smm6m6hzg6gwweeofpqkrspqt0a 0 9268 132423 132193 2026-06-21T12:33:09Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132423 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:18 Hours Teaser title card.png|alt=Ifoto yagaragaza umuburo ko 18 Hours igiye gusohoka.|thumb|Ifoto yagaragaza umuburo ko 18 Hours igiye gusohoka.]] '''''18 Hours''''' ni filime y'ikinamico yo muri Kenya 2017 yanditswe kandi iyobowe na Njue Kevin ku mugaragaro bwa mbere<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://stories.showmax.com/18-hours-movie/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-11 |archive-date=2021-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111153345/https://stories.showmax.com/18-hours-movie/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Abakinnyi barimo Nick Ndeda, Sue Wanjiru, Brian Ogola, Isaya Evans na Shirleen Wangari<ref>https://www.showmax.com/eng/movie/aquowbfa-18-hours</ref>. Iyi filime "ikurikira inkeragutabara ya rookie irokoka amasaha 18 muri ambulance ubuzima bw'impanuka yo mu muhanda yangiwe kwinjira mu bitaro<ref>https://moviesofthesoul.com/2021/08/02/18hours/</ref>." Iyi filime, yakoze amateka nk’ifoto ya mbere yo muri [[Kenya]] yatowe muri filime nziza muri rusange muri [[Afurika]] Magic Viewers Choice Awards ( AMVCA ) yegukana ibindi 4 bahatanira ibihembo muri 2018<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sundance.org/festivals/sundance-film-festival |title=sundance film festival. Park City, Utah. Jan 24 - Feb 3, 2019 |access-date=2021-11-11 |archive-date=2018-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218120902/http://www.sundance.org/festivals/sundance-film-festival |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Abakinnyi == * Nick Ndeda * Kurega Wanjiru * Brian Ogola * Achar Brian * Junniah W Kariithi * shirleen Wangari * Ruth Maingi * Brenda Wairimu == Umusaruro == Igitekerezo cya filime cyatangiye mu 2015 ubwo Njue Kevin, umwanditsi & diregiteri, yasomaga inkuru ku kinyamakuru<ref>https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/film-ambulance-patient-8-hours/</ref>. Ni inkuru yahumetswe n'amakuba yabayeho, aho umugabo yavuye ambulance mumasaha 18 kuko ibitaro byigihugu bya Kenyatta(Kenyatta National Hospital) byavugaga ko bidafite uburiri bwa ICU(ICU bed)<ref>https://www.blueskytraveler.com/top-18-safari-movies-to-watch-before-your-african-safari/</ref>. Nibwo twatangiye gukina hirya no hino twibwira ko iyi idashobora kuba filime ikomeye; twibwira ko ari filime yo kwishimisha ariko ikanakoreshwa mu guhindura imibereho. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.deliverafya.org/blog/18-hours-film-health-activism-kenya/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-11 |archive-date=2021-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111154854/http://www.deliverafya.org/blog/18-hours-film-health-activism-kenya/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Producer, Phoebe Ruguru yahise yomekwa hanyuma iterambere ry'imyandikire ritangirana no kuvugana n'abaganga benshi n'abatekinisiye byihutirwa bari barinjiye rwose kandi bafite uruhare mu mushinga hose. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.deliverafya.org/blog/18-hours-film-health-activism-kenya/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-11 |archive-date=2021-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111154854/http://www.deliverafya.org/blog/18-hours-film-health-activism-kenya/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Njue yabitangaje, kubw'ibyo twagombaga kuba abizerwa mu buvandimwe, nkuko Njue yabitangarije BBC Gahuzamiryango. <ref>https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/lifestyle/kenya-organises-its-first-indian-film-festival-819206</ref> Igikorwa cyo gukina cyari cy'itabiriwe n'abantu kandi cy'itabiriwe n'abakinnyi ba Kenya nubwo umusaruro wakiriye ibyifuzo by'abakinnyi ku isi yose harimo bamwe bo muri LA, Hollywood, London, nu Budage<ref>https://lamusicjunkie.wordpress.com/2018/10/09/5-brilliant-award-winning-kenyan-movies-you-need-to-watch/</ref>. Ihamagarwa rya casting ryashyizwe k'umurongo kandi ryakiriye abasaba 1000 hanyuma 25 (makumyabiri na ba tanu)gusa binjira muri filime. <ref>https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/entertainment/2020-12-23-the-biggest-kenyan-shows-and-movies-on-showmax-in-2020/</ref> Nyuma yo kwandika, Njue yahaye akazi umuhanzi w'inkuru maze akambika ibyumweru 4 mu nzu ye i [[Nairobi]] aho bakoze ibishushanyo n'amashusho kugira ngo basobanure inkuru<ref>https://www.kenyaforum.net/arts-sports-culture/18-hours-film-based-on-true-story-feted-africas-best-in-lagos/</ref>. == Kurekura == '''''18 Hours''''' yafunguriwe mu nzu y'imikino muri Afrika y'Uburasirazuba ku ya 10 Ugushyingo 2017 kuri premier yagurishijwe. Abanyamakuru benshi bishimiye itangizwa ryabo barimo umukinnyi ukomoka mu gihugu cya Kenya, David Rudisha, wagize uruhare mu gikorwa cyo kwamamaza kugira ngo baharanire ubutabazi bwihuse muri Kenya.<ref>https://www.kenyabuzz.com/lifestyle/kenyan-movie-18-hours-crowned-best-movie-in-africa/</ref> Filime yakiriwe neza muri Kenya hamwe n'ibisobanuro byerekana ubutwari bwa Njue Kevin n'itsinda rye gukora filime '''''18 Hours'''''<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thedreamafrica.com/africa-kenya-the-5-best-kenyan-movies-of-2017/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-11 |archive-date=2021-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111153352/https://www.thedreamafrica.com/africa-kenya-the-5-best-kenyan-movies-of-2017/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] lnraqae7h8notl76p9a632ab77t0vlb 0 9804 132424 132111 2026-06-21T12:38:21Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132424 wikitext text/x-wiki Ibihembo bya '''Gana Movie 2019''' byari ibirori byabereye muri Theatre ku ya 20 Ukuboza mu mwaka 2019. Muri ibyo birori, umukinnyi wa filime Salma Mumin yakoze amateka kuko yatsindiye umudari we wa mbere kuko yitwaye neza mu cyiciro cy’ibihembo. Umukinnyi Alphonse Menyo nawe yatwaye igikombe cye cya mbere cy'umukinnyi mwiza mu byiciro. Igihembo ngaruka mwaka cyerekana indashyikirwa mu nganda za sinema zo muri Gana kandi iyi yari inshuro ya cyenda(9).<ref>[https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/61890/surprises-at-2019-ghana-movie-awards.html ''Surprises At 2019 Ghana Movie Awards'']. ''modernghana.com''</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://ghanamovieawards.com/2019-nominations/ |title=GHANA MOVIE AWARDS NOMINATIONS 2019 BY CATEGORY – 9th AWARDS |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=2020-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129131019/https://ghanamovieawards.com/2019-nominations/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>Nii Smiley Byte: [https://web.archive.org/web/20201031180101/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2019/12/09/nominees-released-for-2019-ghana-movie-awards-full-list/ ''Nominees Released for 2019 Ghana Movie Awards – Full List'']. ''ghanacelebrities.com''. 12/9/2019.</ref> mu bakandida benshi bajya muri 'Gold Coast lounge', ' Away bus ', 'ABAD' hamwe n'itsinzi nyinshi zahawe filime ya 'Gold Coast lounge' hamwe n'abakinnyi bayo. == IBIGIZE == ; ICYEMEZO MURI CINEMATOGRAPHY * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE ''BY ISREAL DE-LIKE''''' * ''AWAY BUS'' BY KELLY DOE * ''A.B.A.D(FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY BERNARD BENSON & DAVID OKAFOR * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY WILLIAM SEFA NTIAMOAH * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' BY TOYIN ODEKOYA ; ACHIEVEMENT IN COSTUMES AND WARDROBE * ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' BY VIVIAN ADJETEY * '''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY) ''BY GORDON GALOLO''''' * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY SAMIRA YAKUBU & FAUZIA YAKUBU * ''AWAY BUS'' BY VENESSA NANA & AMA ODOOM ; ACHIEVEMENT IN DIRECTING * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE ''BY PASCAL AKA ISREAL DE-LIKE''''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY ISAAC AGYAPONG * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY FRANK RAJAH ABASE * ''AWAY BUS'' BY PETER SEDUFIA and KOFI ASAMOAH * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' BY PASCAL AMANFO ; ACHIEVEMENT IN EDITING (NOMINEES) * '''AWAY BUS ''BY AFRA MARLEY & PETER SEDUFIA''''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY SOLOMON TAMAKLOEN and YAKO PRINCE OSEI * ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' BY KWEKU KACOU * ''SIN CITY'' BY KOBI OKYERE * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY NICHOLAS AGBEKO ; ACHIEVEMENT IN MAKEUP AND HAIRSTYLING * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY MARIAM MUSAH * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE ''BY FLORENCE OWOO''''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY FREMPONG TAKYI BEA & PATIENCE MENSAH * ''AWAY BUS'' BY RHODA-LINE ANSONG & ANN MARIE DZADEY ; ACHIEVEMENT IN MUSIC WRITTEN FOR A MOVIE (ORIGINAL SCORE) * ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' BY PASCAL AKA * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY GEORGE SEDZRO * '''GETTING MARRIED ''BY BERNI ANTI''''' * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' BY KOBI OKYERE JR * ''AWAY BUS'' BY AFRA MARLEY ; ACHIEVEMENT IN MUSIC WRITTEN FOR A MOVIE (ORIGINAL SONG) * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''' '''MUSIC ''BY PASCAL AKA ISREAL DE-LIKE''''' '''LYRIC ''BY REQUEL AMMAH''''' * GETTING MARRIED ''MUSIC AND LYRICS'' BY BERNI ANTI * AWAY BUS ''MUSIC'' BY ENOCH BLEBOO ''LYRICS'' BY SOLOMON OTOO * 40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU ''MUSIC AND LYRICS'' BY STEPHENIE BENSON ; ACHIEVEMENT IN PRODUCTION DESIGN * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''' '''PRODUCTION DESIGN BY JULIUS ELIKEM''' '''SET DECORATION BY PROP HAVEN''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' PRODUCTION DESIGN BY GORDON GALOLO SET DECORATION BY ROBERT AYIM * ''AWAY BUS'' PRODUCTION DESIGN BY JAMES AVAALA SET DECORATION BY HORLA MANUVOR ; ACHIEVEMENT IN VISUAL EFFECTS * '''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY) ''BY BRA CUOJO & JERRY DEBBAH''''' * ''GOLD COAST'' LOUNGE BY PASCAL AKA * ''AWAY BUS'' BY PETER KOJO SAMPAH ; ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING ADAPTED OR ORIGINAL SCREEN PLAY * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''' '''SCREEN PLAY BY PASCAL AKA''' * SAVE THE STREET SCREEN PLAY BY FRANKQUOPHY AWUKU HANYABUI * '''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU''' '''SCREEN PLAY BY FOLAKE AMANFO''' * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' SCREEN PLAY BY SOLAKE AMANFO & RANDOLPH OBAH * ''AWAY BUS'' SCREEN PLAY BY KOFI ASAMOAH, YAW TWUMASI AND PETER SEDUFIA ; BEST ACTOR AFRICAN COLLABORATION * '''MIKE EZURUONYE IN ''TENDER LIES''''' * JIDOLA DABO IN ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' * KUNLE RENI IN ''SIN CITY'' * ALENNE MANGET IN ''BROKEN'' * FRANK ARTUS IN ''SHUKI'' ; BEST ACTRESS AFRICAN COLLABORATION * SYNDY EMADE IN ''BROKEN'' * '''ROSE MEURER IN ''SIN CITY''''' * UCHE JOMBO IN ''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU'' * RUTH KADIRI EZERAKA IN ''TENDER LIES'' ; BEST MOTION PICTURE OF THE YEAR * ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' '''PRODUCER - ESI YEBOAH''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' PRODUCER- ISAAC AGYAPONG * ''GETTING MARRIED'' PRODUCERS- ABDUL SALAM MUMUNI AND TONY RAMESH LACHMA * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' PRODUCER- PASCAL AMANFO & SELASSIE IBRAHIM * ''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU'' PRODUCER- SELASSIE IBRAHIM * ''AWAY BUS'' PRODUCERS- KOFI ASAMOAH AND PETER SEDUFIA * ''SIN CITY'' PRODUCER- YVONNE NELSON * ''ADOMA'' SALLAM MUMUNI ; BEST MOVIE AFRICAN COLLABORATION * ''BROKEN'' BY SYNDY EMADE * ''TENDER LIES'' BY RUTH KADIRI * '''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU ''BY SELASSIE IBRAHIM''''' ; BEST SHORT MOVIE * '''NIRVANA ''BY WILLIAM KOJO AGBETI''''' * ''ADA'' BY JAMES NARTEY * ''ELECTION'' BY JOHN AGBEKO ; DISCOVERY OF THE YEAR * RAQUEL AMMAH IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' * CINA SOUL IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' * OPHELIA DOEFIA IN ''SAVE THE STREET'' * '''FLORENCE ADJEI IN ''ADOMA''''' * ROSY MEURER IN ''SIN CITY'' * QUASI BLAY IN ''ADOMA'' ; FAVORITE ACTOR * VAN VICKER * MAJID MICHEL * JOHN DUMELO * PRINCE DAVID OSEI * JAMES GARDINER * KWADWO NKANSAH (LIL WIN) * KOFI ADU (AGYA KOO) * RICHARD ASHANTI (KALYBOS) * JUSTICE HYMS (GHANA JESUS) * AKWASI BOADI (AKROBETO) * KWAKU MANU * '''BENSON NANAYAW ODURO BOATENG (FUNNY FACE)''' ; FAVORITE ACTRESS * JOSELYN DUMAS * '''NANA AMA MACBROWN''' * JACKIE APPIAH * YVONNE NELSON * YVONNE OKORO * FELA MAKAFUI * LYDIA FORSON * JULIET IBRAHIM * NADIA BUARI * EMELIA BROBBEY * MOESHA BODUONG * MAAME SERWAA ; PERFORMANCE BY AN ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE * JEFFERY NORTEY IN ''ADOMA'' * UMAR KRUPP IN ''AWAY BUS'' * ADJETEY ANNAG IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' * '''KOFI ADU IN ''AWAY BUS''''' * PRINCE DAVID OSEI IN ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' ; PERFORMANCE BY AN ACTOR IN A LEADING ROLE * '''ALPHONSE MENYO IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''''' * KOFI ADJORLOLO IN ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' * JAMES GARDINER IN ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' * MIKKI OSEI BERKO IN ''AWAY BUS'' * QUASI BLAY IN ''ADOMA'' ; PERFORMANCE BY AN ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE * JESSICA WILLIAMS IN ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' * FELLA MAKAFUI IN ''AWAY BUS'' * KALSOUME SINARE IN ''GETTING MARRIED'' * FLORENCE ADJEI IN ''ADOMA'' * '''ZYNNELL ZUH IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''''' ; PERFORMANCE BY AN ACTRESS IN THE LEADING ROLE * RAQUEL AMMA IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' * NADIA BUARI, JACKIE APPIAH, LYDIA FORSON, CHRISTABEL EKEH IN ''GETTING MARRIED'' * YVONNE NELSON IN ''SIN CITY'' * '''SALMA MUMIN IN ''AWAY BUS''''' * SELASSIE IBRAHIM, UCHE JOMBO, ROSELYN NGISSAH, STEPHENIE BENSON, SHASSY BELLO IN ''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU'' <!-- * ; * * * ; * ; * ; * * I * ; * * * ; I * ; * * ; * ; * ; * * * * * * * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * --> == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi zo muri Gana]] 01tnflugdtdiuevjkohr0f5h56oknve 132425 132424 2026-06-21T12:40:15Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132425 wikitext text/x-wiki Ibihembo bya '''Gana Movie 2019''' byari ibirori byabereye muri Theatre ku ya 20 Ukuboza mu mwaka 2019. Muri ibyo birori, umukinnyi wa filime Salma Mumin yakoze amateka kuko yatsindiye umudari we wa mbere kuko yitwaye neza mu cyiciro cy’ibihembo. Umukinnyi Alphonse Menyo nawe yatwaye igikombe cye cya mbere cy'umukinnyi mwiza mu byiciro. Igihembo ngaruka mwaka cyerekana indashyikirwa mu nganda za sinema zo muri Gana kandi iyi yari inshuro ya cyenda(9).<ref>[https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/61890/surprises-at-2019-ghana-movie-awards.html ''Surprises At 2019 Ghana Movie Awards'']. ''modernghana.com''</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://ghanamovieawards.com/2019-nominations/ |title=GHANA MOVIE AWARDS NOMINATIONS 2019 BY CATEGORY – 9th AWARDS |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=2020-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129131019/https://ghanamovieawards.com/2019-nominations/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>Nii Smiley Byte: [https://web.archive.org/web/20201031180101/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2019/12/09/nominees-released-for-2019-ghana-movie-awards-full-list/ ''Nominees Released for 2019 Ghana Movie Awards – Full List'']. ''ghanacelebrities.com''. 12/9/2019.</ref> mu bakandida benshi bajya muri 'Gold Coast lounge', ' Away bus ', 'ABAD' hamwe n'itsinzi nyinshi zahawe filime ya 'Gold Coast lounge' hamwe n'abakinnyi bayo. == IBIGIZE; == ; ICYEMEZO MURI CINEMATOGRAPHY * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE ''BY ISREAL DE-LIKE''''' * ''AWAY BUS'' BY KELLY DOE * ''A.B.A.D(FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY BERNARD BENSON & DAVID OKAFOR * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY WILLIAM SEFA NTIAMOAH * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' BY TOYIN ODEKOYA ; ACHIEVEMENT IN COSTUMES AND WARDROBE * ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' BY VIVIAN ADJETEY * '''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY) ''BY GORDON GALOLO''''' * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY SAMIRA YAKUBU & FAUZIA YAKUBU * ''AWAY BUS'' BY VENESSA NANA & AMA ODOOM ; ACHIEVEMENT IN DIRECTING * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE ''BY PASCAL AKA ISREAL DE-LIKE''''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY ISAAC AGYAPONG * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY FRANK RAJAH ABASE * ''AWAY BUS'' BY PETER SEDUFIA and KOFI ASAMOAH * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' BY PASCAL AMANFO ; ACHIEVEMENT IN EDITING (NOMINEES) * '''AWAY BUS ''BY AFRA MARLEY & PETER SEDUFIA''''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY SOLOMON TAMAKLOEN and YAKO PRINCE OSEI * ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' BY KWEKU KACOU * ''SIN CITY'' BY KOBI OKYERE * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY NICHOLAS AGBEKO ; ACHIEVEMENT IN MAKEUP AND HAIRSTYLING * ''GETTING MARRIED'' BY MARIAM MUSAH * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE ''BY FLORENCE OWOO''''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY FREMPONG TAKYI BEA & PATIENCE MENSAH * ''AWAY BUS'' BY RHODA-LINE ANSONG & ANN MARIE DZADEY ; ACHIEVEMENT IN MUSIC WRITTEN FOR A MOVIE (ORIGINAL SCORE) * ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' BY PASCAL AKA * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' BY GEORGE SEDZRO * '''GETTING MARRIED ''BY BERNI ANTI''''' * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' BY KOBI OKYERE JR * ''AWAY BUS'' BY AFRA MARLEY ; ACHIEVEMENT IN MUSIC WRITTEN FOR A MOVIE (ORIGINAL SONG) * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''' '''MUSIC ''BY PASCAL AKA ISREAL DE-LIKE''''' '''LYRIC ''BY REQUEL AMMAH''''' * GETTING MARRIED ''MUSIC AND LYRICS'' BY BERNI ANTI * AWAY BUS ''MUSIC'' BY ENOCH BLEBOO ''LYRICS'' BY SOLOMON OTOO * 40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU ''MUSIC AND LYRICS'' BY STEPHENIE BENSON ; ACHIEVEMENT IN PRODUCTION DESIGN * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''' '''PRODUCTION DESIGN BY JULIUS ELIKEM''' '''SET DECORATION BY PROP HAVEN''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' PRODUCTION DESIGN BY GORDON GALOLO SET DECORATION BY ROBERT AYIM * ''AWAY BUS'' PRODUCTION DESIGN BY JAMES AVAALA SET DECORATION BY HORLA MANUVOR ; ACHIEVEMENT IN VISUAL EFFECTS * '''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY) ''BY BRA CUOJO & JERRY DEBBAH''''' * ''GOLD COAST'' LOUNGE BY PASCAL AKA * ''AWAY BUS'' BY PETER KOJO SAMPAH ; ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING ADAPTED OR ORIGINAL SCREEN PLAY * '''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''' '''SCREEN PLAY BY PASCAL AKA''' * SAVE THE STREET SCREEN PLAY BY FRANKQUOPHY AWUKU HANYABUI * '''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU''' '''SCREEN PLAY BY FOLAKE AMANFO''' * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' SCREEN PLAY BY SOLAKE AMANFO & RANDOLPH OBAH * ''AWAY BUS'' SCREEN PLAY BY KOFI ASAMOAH, YAW TWUMASI AND PETER SEDUFIA ; BEST ACTOR AFRICAN COLLABORATION * '''MIKE EZURUONYE IN ''TENDER LIES''''' * JIDOLA DABO IN ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' * KUNLE RENI IN ''SIN CITY'' * ALENNE MANGET IN ''BROKEN'' * FRANK ARTUS IN ''SHUKI'' ; BEST ACTRESS AFRICAN COLLABORATION * SYNDY EMADE IN ''BROKEN'' * '''ROSE MEURER IN ''SIN CITY''''' * UCHE JOMBO IN ''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU'' * RUTH KADIRI EZERAKA IN ''TENDER LIES'' ; BEST MOTION PICTURE OF THE YEAR * ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' '''PRODUCER - ESI YEBOAH''' * ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' PRODUCER- ISAAC AGYAPONG * ''GETTING MARRIED'' PRODUCERS- ABDUL SALAM MUMUNI AND TONY RAMESH LACHMA * ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' PRODUCER- PASCAL AMANFO & SELASSIE IBRAHIM * ''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU'' PRODUCER- SELASSIE IBRAHIM * ''AWAY BUS'' PRODUCERS- KOFI ASAMOAH AND PETER SEDUFIA * ''SIN CITY'' PRODUCER- YVONNE NELSON * ''ADOMA'' SALLAM MUMUNI ; BEST MOVIE AFRICAN COLLABORATION * ''BROKEN'' BY SYNDY EMADE * ''TENDER LIES'' BY RUTH KADIRI * '''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU ''BY SELASSIE IBRAHIM''''' ; BEST SHORT MOVIE * '''NIRVANA ''BY WILLIAM KOJO AGBETI''''' * ''ADA'' BY JAMES NARTEY * ''ELECTION'' BY JOHN AGBEKO ; DISCOVERY OF THE YEAR * RAQUEL AMMAH IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' * CINA SOUL IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' * OPHELIA DOEFIA IN ''SAVE THE STREET'' * '''FLORENCE ADJEI IN ''ADOMA''''' * ROSY MEURER IN ''SIN CITY'' * QUASI BLAY IN ''ADOMA'' ; FAVORITE ACTOR * VAN VICKER * MAJID MICHEL * JOHN DUMELO * PRINCE DAVID OSEI * JAMES GARDINER * KWADWO NKANSAH (LIL WIN) * KOFI ADU (AGYA KOO) * RICHARD ASHANTI (KALYBOS) * JUSTICE HYMS (GHANA JESUS) * AKWASI BOADI (AKROBETO) * KWAKU MANU * '''BENSON NANAYAW ODURO BOATENG (FUNNY FACE)''' ; FAVORITE ACTRESS * JOSELYN DUMAS * '''NANA AMA MACBROWN''' * JACKIE APPIAH * YVONNE NELSON * YVONNE OKORO * FELA MAKAFUI * LYDIA FORSON * JULIET IBRAHIM * NADIA BUARI * EMELIA BROBBEY * MOESHA BODUONG * MAAME SERWAA ; PERFORMANCE BY AN ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE * JEFFERY NORTEY IN ''ADOMA'' * UMAR KRUPP IN ''AWAY BUS'' * ADJETEY ANNAG IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' * '''KOFI ADU IN ''AWAY BUS''''' * PRINCE DAVID OSEI IN ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' ; PERFORMANCE BY AN ACTOR IN A LEADING ROLE * '''ALPHONSE MENYO IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''''' * KOFI ADJORLOLO IN ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' * JAMES GARDINER IN ''BUSINESS AS USUAL'' * MIKKI OSEI BERKO IN ''AWAY BUS'' * QUASI BLAY IN ''ADOMA'' ; PERFORMANCE BY AN ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE * JESSICA WILLIAMS IN ''A.B.A.D (FEATS OF DESTINY)'' * FELLA MAKAFUI IN ''AWAY BUS'' * KALSOUME SINARE IN ''GETTING MARRIED'' * FLORENCE ADJEI IN ''ADOMA'' * '''ZYNNELL ZUH IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE''''' ; PERFORMANCE BY AN ACTRESS IN THE LEADING ROLE * RAQUEL AMMA IN ''GOLD COAST LOUNGE'' * NADIA BUARI, JACKIE APPIAH, LYDIA FORSON, CHRISTABEL EKEH IN ''GETTING MARRIED'' * YVONNE NELSON IN ''SIN CITY'' * '''SALMA MUMIN IN ''AWAY BUS''''' * SELASSIE IBRAHIM, UCHE JOMBO, ROSELYN NGISSAH, STEPHENIE BENSON, SHASSY BELLO IN ''40 LOOKS GOOD ON YOU'' <!-- * ; * * * ; * ; * ; * * I * ; * * * ; I * ; * * ; * ; * ; * * * * * * * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * ; * --> == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi zo muri Gana]] lrdx72epwwlzbsql9cl5l7lami50mjc 0 10213 132477 132140 2026-06-21T18:24:11Z Clemy Keza 18414 Guhindura izina rye ry'ikinyarwanda kuko iryari ririho atariryo, kongeramo andi makuru ajyanye n'amarushanwa yitabiriye ariyo Salax Awards na PGGSS, utundi tuntu duke tujyanye n'imyandikire. 132477 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Young Grace 2.jpg|thumb|Abayizera Marie Grace]] <big>Abayizera</big> <big>Marie Grace ni</big> umunyarwandakazi w'umuraperi wavutse ku wa 19 Nzeri 1993. Yavukiye i [[Umujyi wa Rubavu|Rubavu]] mu cyahoze ari Gisenyi<ref name=":0">[https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/young-grace-watandukanye-n-abasore-batanu-yavuze-ku-muzungu-umurusha-imyaka-6#google_vignette Young Grace watandukanye n’abasore batanu yavuze ku muzungu umurusha imyaka (…) - Umuryango.rw] </ref>. Azwi cyane nk’umwe mu bakobwa bazamuye injyana ya Hip Hop mu [[Rwanda]], aho yigaragaje akiri muto binyuze mu ndirimbo ze zatumye izina rye rimenyekana ku rwego rw’igihugu.<ref>[https://kigalitoday.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/article/knowless-na-young-grace-basezererwe-muri-pggss-2 Knowless na Young Grace basezererwe muri PGGSS 2 - Kigali Today]</ref> == Ubuzima bwite<ref name=":0" /> == Young Grace ni imfura mu muryango w’abana batatu kandi yakuriye mu muryango w’ababyeyi bombi. Yatangiye muzika rwihishwa, ariko nyuma ababyeyi be baza kumushyigikira bamaze kubona impano ye. Uretse muzika, yakomeje amasomo ye muri Kaminuza. Yavuze ko umuziki wamufashije kwiyishyurira ishuri, kugura imodoka no kwiyubakira ubuzima bwigenga akiri muto. == Umwuga<ref name=":1" /> == Abayizera Marie Grace yinjiye mu muziki mu mpera za 2009, akora indirimbo ye ya mbere yise ''Hip Hop Game,'' akiri mu mashuri yisumbuye. Iyo ndirimbo yamubereye intangiriro y’urugendo rwe rwa muzika, imukuriza izina n’abafana benshi mu Karere ka Rubavu. nyuma yaho, yatangiye kumenyekanisha umuziki we muri Kigali aho byaje no kumuhira mu mwaka wa 2010, ajya mu bahanzi bahatanira ibihembo bya Salax Awards, aho yaje kwegukana igihembo cy'umuhanzi mwiza ukiri muto "Best Teen Artist". Mu rugendo rwe, yakoze indirimbo nyinshi ndetse ashyira hanze album zitandukanye. Yitabiriye kandi amarushanwa akomeye ya muzika mu [[Rwanda women's national football team|Rwanda]] arimo nka '''Primus Guma Guma Super Star inshuro zitandukanye''', akaba umwe mu bahanzi nyarwanda bayitabiriye inshuro nyinshi ni ukuvuga nko muri 2012, muri 2014, 2015, 2016 na 2018. Mu mwaka wa 2014, yaje ku mwanya wa 9 mu bahanzi 10 bahatanaga. Yahembwe miliyoni imwe y'amanyarwanda. Byamufashije gukomeza kumenyekana no kwagura ibikorwa bye bya muzika. Young Grace ahamya ko [[Umuziki gakondo w'u Rwanda|umuziki]] wamufashije kwigenga no kwiteza imbere.<ref name=":1">https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/abahanzi/young-grace/amakuru/article/ku-myaka-21-young-grace-yujuje </ref> == Amashuri y'ize == Uyu mukobwa wurubavu ruto n'i imfura mu muryango wabana batatu ,akurikirwa na musaza we hagaheruka umukobwa . afite ababyeyi bombi y'iga muri kaminuza mu mwaka w'akabiri2.<ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/abahanzi/young-grace/amakuru/article/ku-myaka-21-young-grace-yujuje#:~:text=Kuwa%2019%20Nzeri%201993%20i,ya%20Hip%20Hop%20mu%20Rwanda. https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/abahanzi/young-grace/amakuru/article/ku-myaka-21-young-grace-yujuje#:~:text=Kuwa%2019%20Nzeri%201993%20i,ya%20Hip%20Hop%20mu%20Rwanda.]</ref> == Amashakiro == <references />{{DEFAULTSORT:ABAYISENGA Marie Grace (young grace)}} [[Ikiciro:Abahanzi ba abanyarwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Umuziki nyarwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Rwandan artists]] ji0uf4rzm1dj15qmgx22y9kp45vuxun 0 12558 132494 115528 2026-06-21T18:55:47Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132494 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kigali Rwanda walk around the city.jpg|thumb|umusozi wa Jali|924x924px]] [[Dosiye:Jabana mount.jpg|thumb|umusozi wa jali|298x298px]] Umusozi wa Jali ni umwe mu [[Imisozi|misozi]] myiza yu [[Umujyi wa Kigali|mujyi wa Kigali]], kdi ikorerwamo n'igendo zitandukanye za bemera [[Imana]]. == Uburebure == Umusozi wa Jali ni umwe mu miremire iri mu mujyi wa Kigali. Ufite ubutumburuke bwa metero 2071. Iyo ugana ku gasongero kawo hari ubwo unyerera, uhirima cg ukagwa ndetse bigusaba gukoresha imbaraga. Ni heza cyane ndahabaratiye.<ref>www.igihe.com</ref> == [https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/84867/hakozwe-inzira-y-umusaraba-isorezwa-i-jali-haturwa-ibibazo-b-84867.html Inzira y'umusaraba ku musozi wa jali]<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/84867/hakozwe-inzira-y-umusaraba-isorezwa-i-jali-haturwa-ibibazo-b-84867.html</ref> == == [https://www.rba.co.rw/post/Abarokokeye-Jali-barishimira-urwibutso-rwatungayirijwe-ababo-bazize-Jenoside Urwibutso rwa jenocide ku musozi wa Jali]<ref>https://www.rba.co.rw/post/Abarokokeye-Jali-barishimira-urwibutso-rwatungayirijwe-ababo-bazize-Jenoside</ref> == == [https://web.archive.org/web/20190702191422/http://igicumbi.com/index.php/ibirori/inkuru-zo-kwamamaza/item/356-make-heritage-fun-ku-nzoga-za-rubingo-i-jali KU NZOGA ZA RUBINGO I JALI]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://igicumbi.com/index.php/ibirori/inkuru-zo-kwamamaza/item/356-make-heritage-fun-ku-nzoga-za-rubingo-i-jali |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-21 |archive-date=2019-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702191422/http://igicumbi.com/index.php/ibirori/inkuru-zo-kwamamaza/item/356-make-heritage-fun-ku-nzoga-za-rubingo-i-jali |url-status=dead }}</ref> == == Reba == [[Ikiciro:Umusozi]] [[Ikiciro:Jenocide yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994]] [[File:Umusozi wa Jali.jpg|thumb|Umusozi wa Jali]] gajpdr5wqbm49gl29c0lt593swcr5aw 0 12739 132534 132213 2026-06-22T09:40:50Z B.Scalling 15089 132534 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:James Kabarebe.jpg|thumb|President w'icyubahiro wa APR FC]] APR FC ni Ikipe y’ingabo z’igihugu cyu [[Rwanda]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aprfc.rw/amafoto-apr-fc-igeze-muri-tunisia-2/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-17 |archive-date=2022-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220914235028/http://www.aprfc.rw/amafoto-apr-fc-igeze-muri-tunisia-2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.teradignews.rw/?s=apr+fc</ref> === AMATEKA === APR FC mu mwaka wa 2022 mu mikino nyafurika ihuza amakipe yabaye ayambere iwayo [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru muri Afrika|CAF]] CHAMPIONS LEAGUE iyi kipe y' ingabo z' igihugu ifite ibigwi bitari bike hano mu [[Rwanda]] ariko hanze y' imbibi z' u Rwanda nta bigwi bihamye iragira. Aya mateka yatangiye ubwo [[MUGUNGA Yves]] yatsinda US Monastir igitego kimwe ari nacyo cyaranze uwo mukino wo kuwa 10 Nzeri 2022, wabereye kuri stade mpuzamahanga ya Huye, ndetse ubu kuri icyi cyumweru APR FC ifite umukino wo kwishyura uzabera i Monastir muri Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imikino/football/article/mugunga-yves-yavunikiye-mu-myitozo-mbere-yo-guhura-na-us-monastir |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-18 |archive-date=2022-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920170746/https://igihe.com/imikino/football/article/mugunga-yves-yavunikiye-mu-myitozo-mbere-yo-guhura-na-us-monastir |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.besoccer.com/match/apr-fc/us-monastirienne/2023294199 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-18 |archive-date=2022-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920170719/https://www.besoccer.com/match/apr-fc/us-monastirienne/2023294199 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == uko ikipe ya APR muriyimisti yubaste == [[Dosiye:RWANDA PREMIER LEAGUE.jpg|thumb]] Urwego ruremereye shampiyona yo mu rwanda y'icyiciro cya mbere mu rwanda amakipe akomeje guhangana kurwegorwohejuru harimo nki kipe ya rayon sport ifite amanota(59) ikipe ya APR ifite amanota(58) abafana ba APR bakomeje kwibaza niba izatwara igikombe bitewe nibibazo ifite kuri uyu wa kabiri umutoza Darko Novic nabamwungirije birukanywe bitewe numusaruro muke, abafana bakomeje kwibaza niba imikino itatu basigaje batazayitsindwa. == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] <references /> hpi61gom9y6s0mz1amywfam6b5hjnk3 0 12858 132525 99894 2026-06-22T06:28:06Z CommonsDelinker 88 Removing [[:c:File:Lightning_McQueen_in_the_Stars_and_Motor_Cars_Parade_at_Disney's_Hollywood_Studios_(2506615253).jpg|Lightning_McQueen_in_the_Stars_and_Motor_Cars_Parade_at_Disney's_Hollywood_Studios_(2506615253).jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons 132525 wikitext text/x-wiki Irushanwa ngarukamwaka ry’amasiganwa mu modoka ryitiriwe Ingagi z’imisozi miremire y’u[[Rwanda]] ryatangijwe ku mugaragaro mu mwaka 2012 na Minisitiri y’Umuco na Siporo, Mitali Protais. == Ibyo Wamenya kwaya Masiganwa == Ni isiganwa ryitabiriwe n’imidoka 13 zo mu [[Rwanda]] no muri [[Uganda]], igikorwa cyatewe inkunga y’ibigo n’amasosiyete atandukanye y’ubucuruzi mu [[Rwanda]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imikino/indi-mikino/amasiganwa-y-imodoka-ya-2012-mu-rwanda-yatangijwe |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-21 |archive-date=2022-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921081608/https://igihe.com/imikino/indi-mikino/amasiganwa-y-imodoka-ya-2012-mu-rwanda-yatangijwe |url-status=dead }}</ref> umuyobozi mukuru wa KBC ishami ry’u [[Rwanda]], yatangaje ko yishimiye ko igikorwa bateguye gitangiye anasobanura ko ari n’inshingano zabo muguteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imikino/indi-mikino/amasiganwa-y-imodoka-ya-2012-mu-rwanda-yatangijwe |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-21 |archive-date=2022-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921081608/https://igihe.com/imikino/indi-mikino/amasiganwa-y-imodoka-ya-2012-mu-rwanda-yatangijwe |url-status=dead }}</ref> Umuterankunga mukuru yari [[Banki y’ubucuruzi y’Abanyakenya]] (KCB) n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa nka ENGEN, PSF, Phoenix, Coca Cola, Airtel, Brussels Airlines, Sulfo Industries, [[Rwanda Motors]], SONATUBES Ltd, AZ IPEX, RAC n’[[Umubano Hotel.]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imikino/indi-mikino/amasiganwa-y-imodoka-ya-2012-mu-rwanda-yatangijwe |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-21 |archive-date=2022-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921081608/https://igihe.com/imikino/indi-mikino/amasiganwa-y-imodoka-ya-2012-mu-rwanda-yatangijwe |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] su0w28y9jp5ohbe8i73n7nyk4xl6wlx 0 12872 132514 119021 2026-06-22T05:34:47Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132514 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Female Football 05.jpg|thumb|ikipe|303x303px]] [[Dosiye:Nation_police.jpg|thumb|police y'u Rwanda ]] Police Fc yatangiye gukina muri 2000, ni ikipe umupira w'amaguru yegamiye kuri [[Police Women Volleyball club|Police]] y'igihugu cyu [[Rwanda]], ifite icyicaro i [[Kigali]], kandi kuri ubu ikina irushanwa yose ategurwa na [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ferwafa]], ikaba yaratangiriye mu cy'iciro cy'akabiri, ubu iri mu cyambere.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_F.C._(Rwanda)#cite_note-1</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/police-fc-yahawe-umuyobozi-mushya-mashami-vincent-agirwa-umutoza-mukuru</ref> [[Dosiye:Rwanda National Police.png|center|thumb|Ikirango cya Police]] == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] ko8yzyh4c1xnssqav5rih8bd7vix8x6 0 12886 132528 118998 2026-06-22T08:43:38Z Elysee 2006 17908 guhanga amakuru 132528 wikitext text/x-wiki == [[FERWAFA|'''UKO YASHINZWE''']] == Iyi ni imwe mu makipe ya mbere afite amateka maremare kandi ashaje cyane mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda. Yashinzwe ahagana mumwaka 1935.: Amagaju FC yashinzwe n’Umutware ''Rutaremara'' ubwo yari amaze kugabirwa ubutware bw’Intara cyangwa ubutware bwa Bufundu (ubu akaba ari mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu Ntara y'Amajypfo mucyahoze ari Gikongoro). Umupira w'amaguru muri icyo gihe wari umaze kumenyekana mu gihugu binyuze mu mashuri, cyane cyane ababyirukaga n'abigaga i Kabgayi bigishwaga n'abamisiyoneri b'abazungu. == '''IBIGWI N'AMATEKA''' == Mu mateka y’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, Amagaju FC ntabwo ari ikipe izwiho gutwara ibikombe bya shampiyona y'ikiciro cyambere, ahubwo ibigwi byayo bishingiye ku mateka yayo maremare, kuba kera yaratsindaga amakipe akomeye nka Rayon sport, Mukura Victory Sports,Kiyovu Sports ndetse na Panthères Noires Kigali yaje gusenywa bityo Amagaju bikayaviramo kwitwa "Inkuba Zesa", no kuba ari yo kipe ya mbere mu Rwanda yahimbiwe indirimbo iyirata ibigwi ariyo "Dore Inganji Iturutse i Bufundu", yahimbwe na Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami, ishingiye ku kurata ibigwi by'ikipe n'imihigo yayo. == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] 9pl0q2zgl1sh7n3u8hywn8t0kzhxrdu 132529 132528 2026-06-22T09:10:42Z Elysee 2006 17908 KONGERAMO 132529 wikitext text/x-wiki == [[FERWAFA|'''UKO YASHINZWE''']] == Iyi ni imwe mu makipe ya mbere afite amateka maremare kandi ashaje cyane mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda. Yashinzwe ahagana mumwaka 1935.: Amagaju FC yashinzwe n’Umutware ''Rutaremara'' ubwo yari amaze kugabirwa ubutware bw’Intara cyangwa ubutware bwa Bufundu (ubu akaba ari mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu Ntara y'Amajypfo mucyahoze ari Gikongoro). Umupira w'amaguru muri icyo gihe wari umaze kumenyekana mu gihugu binyuze mu mashuri, cyane cyane ababyirukaga n'abigaga i Kabgayi bigishwaga n'abamisiyoneri b'abazungu. == '''IBIGWI N'AMATEKA''' == Mu mateka y’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, Amagaju FC ntabwo ari ikipe izwiho gutwara ibikombe bya shampiyona y'ikiciro cyambere, ahubwo ibigwi byayo bishingiye ku mateka yayo maremare, kuba kera yaratsindaga amakipe akomeye nka Rayon sport, Mukura Victory Sports,Kiyovu Sports ndetse na Panthères Noires Kigali yaje gusenywa bityo Amagaju bikayaviramo kwitwa "Inkuba Zesa", no kuba ari yo kipe ya mbere mu Rwanda yahimbiwe indirimbo iyirata ibigwi ariyo "Dore Inganji Iturutse i Bufundu", yahimbwe na Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami, ishingiye ku kurata ibigwi by'ikipe n'imihigo yayo. == '''BAMWE MUBAYIYOBOYE''' == == ''Paul Nshimyumuremyi'' Ni we Perezida w'Amagaju FC ucyuye igihe kandi umaze imyaka itari mike ayiyobora, harimo n’igihe yayifashaga kuzamuka mu Cyiciro cya Mbere (Rwanda Premier League) mu mwaka wa 2023. mubandi bayiyoboye harimo ''Munyantwali Alphonse'' == == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] jb537rzmv0gircw39k0tanm1bjx6c9f 132530 132529 2026-06-22T09:28:14Z Elysee 2006 17908 132530 wikitext text/x-wiki == [[FERWAFA|'''UKO YASHINZWE''']] == Iyi ni imwe mu makipe ya mbere afite amateka maremare kandi ashaje cyane mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda. Yashinzwe ahagana mumwaka 1935.: Amagaju FC yashinzwe n’Umutware ''Rutaremara'' ubwo yari amaze kugabirwa ubutware bw’Intara cyangwa ubutware bwa Bufundu (ubu akaba ari mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu Ntara y'Amajypfo mucyahoze ari Gikongoro). Umupira w'amaguru muri icyo gihe wari umaze kumenyekana mu gihugu binyuze mu mashuri, cyane cyane ababyirukaga n'abigaga i Kabgayi bigishwaga n'abamisiyoneri b'abazungu. == '''IBIGWI N'AMATEKA''' == Mu mateka y’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, Amagaju FC ntabwo ari ikipe izwiho gutwara ibikombe bya shampiyona y'ikiciro cyambere, ahubwo ibigwi byayo bishingiye ku mateka yayo maremare, kuba kera yaratsindaga amakipe akomeye nka Rayon sport, Mukura Victory Sports,Kiyovu Sports ndetse na Panthères Noires Kigali yaje gusenywa bityo Amagaju bikayaviramo kwitwa "Inkuba Zesa", no kuba ari yo kipe ya mbere mu Rwanda yahimbiwe indirimbo iyirata ibigwi ariyo "Dore Inganji Iturutse i Bufundu", yahimbwe na Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami, ishingiye ku kurata ibigwi by'ikipe n'imihigo yayo. == '''BAMWE MUBAYIYOBOYE''' == == ''Paul Nshimyumuremyi'' Ni we Perezida w'Amagaju FC ucyuye igihe kandi umaze imyaka itari mike ayiyobora, harimo n’igihe yayifashaga kuzamuka mu Cyiciro cya Mbere (Rwanda Premier League) mu mwaka wa 2023. mubandi bayiyoboye harimo ''Munyantwali Alphonse'' wari umuyobozi wakarere ka Nyamagabe. == == '''UKOYITEGUYE UMWAKA WIMIKINO''' == Nyuma y’uko mu ntangiriro z’umwaka ikipe itandukanye n’umutoza Niyongabo Amars wari umaze imyaka ibiri n'igice, Amagaju FC yinjiye mu cyerekezo gishya cyo gushaka abatoza bafite amashagaga nka Sghir Hammadi hamwe n'abatoza bunganira barimo [Imurora Hakizimana Japhet] == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] 3u6c70jbczyziblpnana2ljppufl175 132531 132530 2026-06-22T09:32:36Z Elysee 2006 17908 132531 wikitext text/x-wiki == [[FERWAFA|'''UKO YASHINZWE''']] == Iyi ni imwe mu makipe ya mbere afite amateka maremare kandi ashaje cyane mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda. Yashinzwe ahagana mumwaka 1935.: Amagaju FC yashinzwe n’Umutware ''Rutaremara'' ubwo yari amaze kugabirwa ubutware bw’Intara cyangwa ubutware bwa Bufundu (ubu akaba ari mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu Ntara y'Amajypfo mucyahoze ari Gikongoro). Umupira w'amaguru muri icyo gihe wari umaze kumenyekana mu gihugu binyuze mu mashuri, cyane cyane ababyirukaga n'abigaga i Kabgayi bigishwaga n'abamisiyoneri b'abazungu. == '''IBIGWI N'AMATEKA''' == Mu mateka y’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, Amagaju FC ntabwo ari ikipe izwiho gutwara ibikombe bya shampiyona y'ikiciro cyambere, ahubwo ibigwi byayo bishingiye ku mateka yayo maremare, kuba kera yaratsindaga amakipe akomeye nka Rayon sport, Mukura Victory Sports,Kiyovu Sports ndetse na Panthères Noires Kigali yaje gusenywa bityo Amagaju bikayaviramo kwitwa "Inkuba Zesa", no kuba ari yo kipe ya mbere mu Rwanda yahimbiwe indirimbo iyirata ibigwi ariyo "Dore Inganji Iturutse i Bufundu", yahimbwe na Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami, ishingiye ku kurata ibigwi by'ikipe n'imihigo yayo. == '''BAMWE MUBAYIYOBOYE''' == == ''Paul Nshimyumuremyi'' Ni we Perezida w'Amagaju FC ucyuye igihe kandi umaze imyaka itari mike ayiyobora, harimo n’igihe yayifashaga kuzamuka mu Cyiciro cya Mbere (Rwanda Premier League) mu mwaka wa 2023. mubandi bayiyoboye harimo ''Munyantwali Alphonse'' wari umuyobozi wakarere ka Nyamagabe. == == '''UKOYITEGUYE UMWAKA WIMIKINO''' == Nyuma y’uko mu ntangiriro z’umwaka ikipe itandukanye n’umutoza Niyongabo Amars wari umaze imyaka ibiri n'igice, Amagaju FC yinjiye mu cyerekezo gishya cyo gushaka abatoza bafite amashagaga nka Sghir Hammadi hamwe n'abatoza bunganira barimo [Imurora Hakizimana Japhet] . Komite y’iyi kipe ikunze kwibanda kuzana abakinnyi bafite imbaraga bakura mu bihugu bituranye nka u Burundi na DR Congo, ndetse n'abakinnyi bakiri bato mu gihugu kugira ngo hubakwe urwego rurambye kandi ruzigamye mu bukungu bw'ikipe. == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] 315t5cephxy8d1821jl0xkgo9nvxls9 132532 132531 2026-06-22T09:34:16Z Elysee 2006 17908 Gushyiraho Indiana nturo 132532 wikitext text/x-wiki == [[FERWAFA|'''UKO YASHINZWE''']] == Iyi ni imwe mu makipe ya mbere afite amateka maremare kandi ashaje cyane mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda. Yashinzwe ahagana mumwaka 1935.: Amagaju FC yashinzwe n’Umutware ''Rutaremara'' ubwo yari amaze kugabirwa ubutware bw’Intara cyangwa ubutware bwa Bufundu (ubu akaba ari mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu Ntara y'Amajypfo mucyahoze ari Gikongoro). Umupira w'amaguru muri icyo gihe wari umaze kumenyekana mu gihugu binyuze mu mashuri, cyane cyane ababyirukaga n'abigaga i Kabgayi bigishwaga n'abamisiyoneri b'abazungu. == '''IBIGWI N'AMATEKA''' == Mu mateka y’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, Amagaju FC ntabwo ari ikipe izwiho gutwara ibikombe bya shampiyona y'ikiciro cyambere, ahubwo ibigwi byayo bishingiye ku mateka yayo maremare, kuba kera yaratsindaga amakipe akomeye nka Rayon sport, Mukura Victory Sports,Kiyovu Sports ndetse na Panthères Noires Kigali yaje gusenywa bityo Amagaju bikayaviramo kwitwa "Inkuba Zesa", no kuba ari yo kipe ya mbere mu Rwanda yahimbiwe indirimbo iyirata ibigwi ariyo "Dore Inganji Iturutse i Bufundu", yahimbwe na Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami, ishingiye ku kurata ibigwi by'ikipe n'imihigo yayo. == '''BAMWE MUBAYIYOBOYE''' == == ''Paul Nshimyumuremyi'' Ni we Perezida w'Amagaju FC ucyuye igihe kandi umaze imyaka itari mike ayiyobora, harimo n’igihe yayifashaga kuzamuka mu Cyiciro cya Mbere (Rwanda Premier League) mu mwaka wa 2023. mubandi bayiyoboye harimo ''Munyantwali Alphonse'' wari umuyobozi wakarere ka Nyamagabe. == == '''UKOYITEGUYE UMWAKA WIMIKINO''' == Nyuma y’uko mu ntangiriro z’umwaka ikipe itandukanye n’umutoza Niyongabo Amars wari umaze imyaka ibiri n'igice, Amagaju FC yinjiye mu cyerekezo gishya cyo gushaka abatoza bafite amashagaga nka Sghir Hammadi hamwe n'abatoza bunganira barimo [Imurora Hakizimana Japhet] . <ref>https://www.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/amagaju-fc-yabonye-abakinnyi-bashya-n-umutoza-bavuye-i-burundi</ref>Komite y’iyi kipe ikunze kwibanda kuzana abakinnyi bafite imbaraga bakura mu bihugu bituranye nka u Burundi na DR Congo, ndetse n'abakinnyi bakiri bato mu gihugu kugira ngo hubakwe urwego rurambye kandi ruzigamye mu bukungu bw'ikipe. == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] qlqrqe6tvc71dsi7zaoch5etm1gubvg 132533 132532 2026-06-22T09:36:47Z Elysee 2006 17908 132533 wikitext text/x-wiki == [[FERWAFA|'''UKO YASHINZWE''']] == Iyi ni imwe mu makipe ya mbere afite amateka maremare kandi ashaje cyane mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda. Yashinzwe ahagana mumwaka 1935.: Amagaju FC yashinzwe n’Umutware ''Rutaremara'' ubwo yari amaze kugabirwa ubutware bw’Intara cyangwa ubutware bwa Bufundu (ubu akaba ari mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu Ntara y'Amajypfo mucyahoze ari Gikongoro). Umupira w'amaguru muri icyo gihe wari umaze kumenyekana mu gihugu binyuze mu mashuri, cyane cyane ababyirukaga n'abigaga i Kabgayi bigishwaga n'abamisiyoneri b'abazungu. == '''IBIGWI N'AMATEKA''' == Mu mateka y’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, Amagaju FC ntabwo ari ikipe izwiho gutwara ibikombe bya shampiyona y'ikiciro cyambere, ahubwo ibigwi byayo bishingiye ku mateka yayo maremare, kuba kera yaratsindaga amakipe akomeye nka Rayon sport, Mukura Victory Sports,Kiyovu Sports ndetse na Panthères Noires Kigali yaje gusenywa bityo Amagaju bikayaviramo kwitwa "Inkuba Zesa", no kuba ari yo kipe ya mbere mu Rwanda yahimbiwe indirimbo iyirata ibigwi ariyo "Dore Inganji Iturutse i Bufundu", yahimbwe na Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami, ishingiye ku kurata ibigwi by'ikipe n'imihigo yayo. == '''BAMWE MUBAYIYOBOYE''' == == ''Paul Nshimyumuremyi'' Ni we Perezida w'Amagaju FC ucyuye igihe kandi umaze imyaka itari mike ayiyobora, harimo n’igihe yayifashaga kuzamuka mu Cyiciro cya Mbere (Rwanda Premier League) mu mwaka wa 2023. mubandi bayiyoboye harimo ''Munyantwali Alphonse'' wari umuyobozi wakarere ka Nyamagabe. Ni we muyobozi uzwi cyane wabyutse izina ry’Amagaju FC ubwo yari Meya w'Akarere ka Nyamagabe (nyuma yaje kuba Guverineri w'Intara y'Amajyepfo, ubu akaba ari na Perezida wa FERWAFA). == == '''UKOYITEGUYE UMWAKA WIMIKINO''' == Nyuma y’uko mu ntangiriro z’umwaka ikipe itandukanye n’umutoza Niyongabo Amars wari umaze imyaka ibiri n'igice, Amagaju FC yinjiye mu cyerekezo gishya cyo gushaka abatoza bafite amashagaga nka Sghir Hammadi hamwe n'abatoza bunganira barimo [Imurora Hakizimana Japhet] . <ref>https://www.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/amagaju-fc-yabonye-abakinnyi-bashya-n-umutoza-bavuye-i-burundi</ref>Komite y’iyi kipe ikunze kwibanda kuzana abakinnyi bafite imbaraga bakura mu bihugu bituranye nka u Burundi na DR Congo, ndetse n'abakinnyi bakiri bato mu gihugu kugira ngo hubakwe urwego rurambye kandi ruzigamye mu bukungu bw'ikipe. == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] fghbzz0ofmeydfrs9wr1ped20aor25i 132535 132533 2026-06-22T09:41:45Z Elysee 2006 17908 Ifatizo shingiro 132535 wikitext text/x-wiki == [[FERWAFA|'''UKO YASHINZWE''']] == Iyi ni imwe mu makipe ya mbere afite amateka maremare kandi ashaje cyane mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda. Yashinzwe ahagana mumwaka 1935.: Amagaju FC yashinzwe n’Umutware ''Rutaremara'' ubwo yari amaze kugabirwa ubutware bw’Intara cyangwa ubutware bwa Bufundu (ubu akaba ari mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu Ntara y'Amajypfo mucyahoze ari Gikongoro). Umupira w'amaguru muri icyo gihe wari umaze kumenyekana mu gihugu binyuze mu mashuri, cyane cyane ababyirukaga n'abigaga i Kabgayi bigishwaga n'abamisiyoneri b'abazungu.<ref name=":0">https://ingenzinyayo.com/2018/09/13/ikipe-amagaju-fc-niyo-ifite-imyaka-myinshiariko-ntacyerekezo-igiraizira-ikiizazahurwa-nande/</ref> == '''IBIGWI N'AMATEKA''' == <ref name=":0" />Mu mateka y’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, Amagaju FC ntabwo ari ikipe izwiho gutwara ibikombe bya shampiyona y'ikiciro cyambere, ahubwo ibigwi byayo bishingiye ku mateka yayo maremare, kuba kera yaratsindaga amakipe akomeye nka Rayon sport, Mukura Victory Sports,Kiyovu Sports ndetse na Panthères Noires Kigali yaje gusenywa bityo Amagaju bikayaviramo kwitwa "Inkuba Zesa", no kuba ari yo kipe ya mbere mu Rwanda yahimbiwe indirimbo iyirata ibigwi ariyo "Dore Inganji Iturutse i Bufundu", yahimbwe na Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami, ishingiye ku kurata ibigwi by'ikipe n'imihigo yayo. == '''BAMWE MUBAYIYOBOYE''' == == ''Paul Nshimyumuremyi'' Ni we Perezida w'Amagaju FC ucyuye igihe kandi umaze imyaka itari mike ayiyobora, harimo n’igihe yayifashaga kuzamuka mu Cyiciro cya Mbere (Rwanda Premier League) mu mwaka wa 2023. mubandi bayiyoboye harimo ''Munyantwali Alphonse'' wari umuyobozi wakarere ka Nyamagabe. Ni we muyobozi uzwi cyane wabyutse izina ry’Amagaju FC ubwo yari Meya w'Akarere ka Nyamagabe (nyuma yaje kuba Guverineri w'Intara y'Amajyepfo, ubu akaba ari na Perezida wa FERWAFA). == == '''UKOYITEGUYE UMWAKA WIMIKINO''' == Nyuma y’uko mu ntangiriro z’umwaka ikipe itandukanye n’umutoza Niyongabo Amars wari umaze imyaka ibiri n'igice, Amagaju FC yinjiye mu cyerekezo gishya cyo gushaka abatoza bafite amashagaga nka Sghir Hammadi hamwe n'abatoza bunganira barimo [Imurora Hakizimana Japhet] . <ref>https://www.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/amagaju-fc-yabonye-abakinnyi-bashya-n-umutoza-bavuye-i-burundi</ref>Komite y’iyi kipe ikunze kwibanda kuzana abakinnyi bafite imbaraga bakura mu bihugu bituranye nka u Burundi na DR Congo, ndetse n'abakinnyi bakiri bato mu gihugu kugira ngo hubakwe urwego rurambye kandi ruzigamye mu bukungu bw'ikipe. == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] e983m0l7dp54jnh1jf23i0n336zd3il 0 12969 132515 118321 2026-06-22T05:37:38Z B.Scalling 15089 /* IBIBANZA */ 132515 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Sesion de entrenamiento del Mukura VS.jpg|thumb|Mukura imwe mu m'ikipe yatwaye Igikombe cy'amahoro|325x325px]] [[Dosiye:Team éperviers.jpg|thumb|ikipe]] igikombe cy’Amahoro ni igikombe cya Ferwafa.<ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/hamenyekanye-umubare-w-amakipe-azitabira-igikombe-cy-amahoro</ref> == IBIBANZA == igikombe cy’Amahoro ni igikombe gitegurwa n'ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, [[FERWAFA]], Ikipe yegukanye igikombe cy’Amahoro niyo ihagararira igihugu cyu [[Rwanda]], mu mikino nyafurika ya CAF Confedration Cup. Mu gihe hari ikipe yegukanye igikombe cya shampiyona n’igikombe cy’amahoro ikipe yagarukiye ku mukino wa nyuma w’igikombe cy’amahoro niyo ihagararira igihugu mu mikino ya [[CAF]] Confederation Cup.<ref name=":0">https://web.archive.org/web/20220923081443/http://ferwafa.rw/spip.php?article3051</ref> == AMAKIPE AGIKINA == igikombe cy’Amahoro gikinwa n'ikipe yose ibishaka yo mu kiciro cya mbere n’amakipe ni yo mu kiciro cya kabiri azwi n[[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|'ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]], [[FERWAFA]].<ref name=":0" /> == AMAKIPE YACYEGUKANYE == igikombe cy’Amahoro amakipe amaze kugitwa ni nka [[Rayon sports fc|RAYON SPORTS FC]], [[AS Kigali|A.S KIGALI]], [[Mukura Victory Sports|MUKURA V.S]], [[S.C. Kiyovu Sports|S.C KIYOVU]], [[APR FC]], [[Police Fc|POLICE FC]] .<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/police-fc-ibaye-ikipe-ya-kane-igeze-muri-1-2-cy-igikombe-cy-amahoro-2022</ref> == IBIHEMBO == Igikombe cy’Amahoro ikipe igitwaye ihabwa miliyoni 10 z'amafaranga yu Rwanda.<ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/as-kigali-yasubiriye-apr-fc-yegukana-igikombe-cy-amahoro-2022</ref> == AMAKIPE YAGITWAYE == Dore uko amakipe yagiye yegukana igikombe cy’amahoro:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rwandaises.com/2009/08/atraco-fc-irashyize-itwara-igikombe-cyamahoro/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-23 |archive-date=2022-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923200824/https://rwandaises.com/2009/08/atraco-fc-irashyize-itwara-igikombe-cyamahoro/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> #   1994/95 APR FC #   1996 APR FC #  1997 Rwanda # 1998 Rayon Sports # 1999 APR FC #  2000 APR FC # 2001 Les Citadins(A.S Kigali ubu) #  2002 APR FC # 2003 Rayon Sports #  2004 Nticyabaye #   2005 Rayon Sports #   2006 APR FC #  2007 APR FC #   2008 APR FC #  2009 ATRACO FC == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] [[Ikiciro:Ibikombe]] oqbrlskt8gjfo8r5jfo4hg1j61o5e46 0 13038 132463 126000 2026-06-21T17:50:39Z B.Scalling 15089 132463 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:2008-02-12_Township_preschool.jpg|thumb|Abana bakina mu ishuri |292x292px]] [[Dosiye:ASC_Leiden_-_van_Achterberg_Collection_-_5_-_057_-_A_wall_painting_including_a_lion,_a_cow,_flowers_and_a_bus_at_a_kindergarten_-_Dekar_(D'kar),_Botswana,_9-15_March_1997.tif|thumb|Ibishushanyo byo mu ishuri ry'incuke |280x280px]] [[Dosiye:Gukoropa amashuri.jpg|thumb|Umubyiyi uri gukoropa amashuri]] Amashuuri y' [[abana]] bato; incuke mu<ref name=":0">https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/amashuri-y-incuke-yashibutse-mu-kimina-cy-abantu-13-mu-1988</ref> [[Rwanda]]. ayo mashuri yahozeho kuva kera gusa ntiyitabwagaho cyane kandi byari biteguye nabi, mbese nyuma ya Genocide yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka 1994 abanyarwanda batangiye kongera kwiga, icyogihe amashuri y' incuke yicyo gihe yitwaga "IBINYONI". === Amateka: === Amashuri y'incuke yashibutse mu kimina cy'abantu 13 mu 1988. Igitekerezo cyo gushinga amashuri y'incuke ngo cyabajemo mu kwezi kwa Nzeri k'umwaka wa 1988, ubwo babonaga ababyeyi bajya guhinga bashoreranye n'abana, bakiriranwa na bo mu mirima ariko bagataha umubyizi utarangiye, kubera ko abo bana babaga babaruhiji.Niyonteze nabagenzi bafatanyije gushinga amashuri y'incuke bavuga ko muri Nzeri 1988 i Gihara batangiranye n'abana 17, kugeza ubu ku rwego rw'Igihugu hari amashuri y'incuke 4,051, yigamo abana 1,134,913, nkuko raporo y'uburezi ya 2022/2023 ibigaragara.<ref name=":0" />Nyuma ya [[Genocide mu Rwanda|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]] mu mwaka 1994, igihugu cyatangiye kwiyubaka, abantu basubira mu mashuri, ariko amashuri y' incuke ntayabagaho mbese hari ibyo bitaga "IBINYONI" byari icyumba kimwe ku ishuri abana banyuragamo bimenyereza ishuri mbere yo gutangira umwaka wa mbere w' amashuri abanza. <ref>[[Uburezi mu Rwanda]]</ref> ==== Kuva muri 2003 kugeza 2020 ==== Amashuri y' incuke yatangiye gutera imbere ndetse politike ya leta yasabaga ko buri mwana agomba kwiga, ndetse akagera mu mashuri yisumbuye, uburezi bw' u [[Rwanda Mountain Tea|Rwanda]] bwagiye buterimbere gahoro gahoro, kugeza aho amashuri y' incuke yakwirakwiye hose mu mashuri, ku insengero ndetse nabikorera batangira gushinga amashuri yigenga. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00X9N3.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-25 |archive-date=2022-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925112015/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00X9N3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===== Kuva muri 2020 kugeza ubu ===== Muri ikigihe uburezi bumaze guterimbere cyane, amashuri y' incuke amaze guhinduka ipfundo ry' uburezi mu [[Rwanda]]. mu ntangiriro za 2020 icyorezo cya [[COVID-19]] cyahagaritse ibintu byose ariko cyane cyane urwego rw' uburezi, by' umwihariko amashuri y' incuke n' icyiciro cya mbere cya amashuri abanza byarahungabanye cyane kuko abana bigaga muri ibyo byiciro bamaze hafi umwaka wose batajya kwishuri kubera impamvu z' icyorezo. muri mutarama mu mwaka 2021 nibwo amashuri yongeye gutangira neza abana bose basubira ku mashuri. <ref>https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/amashuri-y-incuke-n-icyiciro-cya-mbere-cy-abanza-agiye-gutangira</ref> ====== Ibyiciro by' amashuri mu Rwanda ====== Mu [[Rwanda]] amashuri agabanyijemo ibyiciro bitandukanye: * icyiciro cy' incuke kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya mbere cy' amashuri abanza kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya kabiri cy' amashuri abanza kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro rusange cy' amashuri yisumbuye kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cyisumbuye cy' amashuri yisumbuye kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya mbere, icya kabiri n' icya Gatatu bya Kaminuza ahaho imyaka bimara biterwa nibyo wahisemo kwiga. == Amashakiro: == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Uburezi]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi mu Rwanda]] eymel4nbpowt6gnoox2c02dyyukqzr0 132464 132463 2026-06-21T17:53:31Z B.Scalling 15089 132464 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:2008-02-12_Township_preschool.jpg|thumb|Abana bakina mu ishuri |292x292px]] [[Dosiye:ASC_Leiden_-_van_Achterberg_Collection_-_5_-_057_-_A_wall_painting_including_a_lion,_a_cow,_flowers_and_a_bus_at_a_kindergarten_-_Dekar_(D'kar),_Botswana,_9-15_March_1997.tif|thumb|Ibishushanyo byo mu ishuri ry'incuke |280x280px]] [[Dosiye:Gukoropa amashuri.jpg|thumb|Umubyiyi uri gukoropa amashuri]] Amashuri y' abana bato; incuke mu<ref name=":0">https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/amashuri-y-incuke-yashibutse-mu-kimina-cy-abantu-13-mu-1988</ref> [[Rwanda]]. ayo mashuri yahozeho kuva kera gusa ntiyitabwagaho cyane kandi byari biteguye nabi, mbese nyuma ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenocide yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka 1994]] abanyarwanda batangiye kongera kwiga, icyogihe amashuri y' incuke yicyo gihe yitwaga "IBINYONI". === Amateka: === Amashuri y'incuke yashibutse mu kimina cy'abantu 13 mu 1988. Igitekerezo cyo gushinga amashuri y'incuke ngo cyabajemo mu kwezi kwa Nzeri k'umwaka wa 1988, ubwo babonaga ababyeyi bajya guhinga bashoreranye n'abana, bakiriranwa na bo mu mirima ariko bagataha umubyizi utarangiye, kubera ko abo bana babaga babaruhiji.Niyonteze nabagenzi bafatanyije gushinga amashuri y'incuke bavuga ko muri Nzeri 1988 i Gihara batangiranye n'abana 17, kugeza ubu ku rwego rw'Igihugu hari amashuri y'incuke 4,051, yigamo abana 1,134,913, nkuko raporo y'uburezi ya 2022/2023 ibigaragara.<ref name=":0" />Nyuma ya [[Genocide mu Rwanda|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]] mu mwaka 1994, igihugu cyatangiye kwiyubaka, abantu basubira mu mashuri, ariko amashuri y' incuke ntayabagaho mbese hari ibyo bitaga "IBINYONI" byari icyumba kimwe ku ishuri abana banyuragamo bimenyereza ishuri mbere yo gutangira umwaka wa mbere w' amashuri abanza. <ref>[[Uburezi mu Rwanda]]</ref> ==== Kuva muri 2003 kugeza 2020 ==== Amashuri y' incuke yatangiye gutera imbere ndetse politike ya leta yasabaga ko buri mwana agomba kwiga, ndetse akagera mu mashuri yisumbuye, uburezi bw' u [[Rwanda Mountain Tea|Rwanda]] bwagiye buterimbere gahoro gahoro, kugeza aho amashuri y' incuke yakwirakwiye hose mu mashuri, ku insengero ndetse nabikorera batangira gushinga amashuri yigenga. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00X9N3.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-25 |archive-date=2022-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925112015/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00X9N3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===== Kuva muri 2020 kugeza ubu ===== Muri ikigihe uburezi bumaze guterimbere cyane, amashuri y' incuke amaze guhinduka ipfundo ry' uburezi mu [[Rwanda]]. mu ntangiriro za 2020 icyorezo cya [[COVID-19]] cyahagaritse ibintu byose ariko cyane cyane urwego rw' uburezi, by' umwihariko amashuri y' incuke n' icyiciro cya mbere cya amashuri abanza byarahungabanye cyane kuko abana bigaga muri ibyo byiciro bamaze hafi umwaka wose batajya kwishuri kubera impamvu z' icyorezo. muri mutarama mu mwaka 2021 nibwo amashuri yongeye gutangira neza abana bose basubira ku mashuri. <ref>https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/amashuri-y-incuke-n-icyiciro-cya-mbere-cy-abanza-agiye-gutangira</ref> ====== Ibyiciro by' amashuri mu Rwanda ====== Mu [[Rwanda]] amashuri agabanyijemo ibyiciro bitandukanye: * icyiciro cy' incuke kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya mbere cy' amashuri abanza kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya kabiri cy' amashuri abanza kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro rusange cy' amashuri yisumbuye kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cyisumbuye cy' amashuri yisumbuye kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya mbere, icya kabiri n' icya Gatatu bya Kaminuza ahaho imyaka bimara biterwa nibyo wahisemo kwiga. == Amashakiro: == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Uburezi]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi mu Rwanda]] 6zb29lvdz18zx5ocpop46wiv1t8wqqf 132465 132464 2026-06-21T17:54:20Z B.Scalling 15089 132465 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:2008-02-12_Township_preschool.jpg|thumb|Abana bakina mu ishuri |292x292px]] [[Dosiye:ASC_Leiden_-_van_Achterberg_Collection_-_5_-_057_-_A_wall_painting_including_a_lion,_a_cow,_flowers_and_a_bus_at_a_kindergarten_-_Dekar_(D'kar),_Botswana,_9-15_March_1997.tif|thumb|Ibishushanyo byo mu ishuri ry'incuke |280x280px]] [[Dosiye:Gukoropa amashuri.jpg|thumb|Umubyiyi uri gukoropa amashuri]] Amashuuri y' abana bato; incuke mu<ref name=":0">https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/amashuri-y-incuke-yashibutse-mu-kimina-cy-abantu-13-mu-1988</ref> [[Rwanda]]. ayo mashuri yahozeho kuva kera gusa ntiyitabwagaho cyane kandi byari biteguye nabi, mbese nyuma ya Genocide yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka 1994 abanyarwanda batangiye kongera kwiga, icyogihe amashuri y' incuke yicyo gihe yitwaga "IBINYONI". === Amateka: === Amashuri y'incuke yashibutse mu kimina cy'abantu 13 mu 1988. Igitekerezo cyo gushinga amashuri y'incuke ngo cyabajemo mu kwezi kwa Nzeri k'umwaka wa 1988, ubwo babonaga ababyeyi bajya guhinga bashoreranye n'abana, bakiriranwa na bo mu mirima ariko bagataha umubyizi utarangiye, kubera ko abo bana babaga babaruhiji.Niyonteze nabagenzi bafatanyije gushinga amashuri y'incuke bavuga ko muri Nzeri 1988 i Gihara batangiranye n'abana 17, kugeza ubu ku rwego rw'Igihugu hari amashuri y'incuke 4,051, yigamo abana 1,134,913, nkuko raporo y'uburezi ya 2022/2023 ibigaragara.<ref name=":0" />Nyuma ya [[Genocide mu Rwanda|jenocide]] yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]] mu mwaka 1994, igihugu cyatangiye kwiyubaka, abantu basubira mu mashuri, ariko amashuri y' incuke ntayabagaho mbese hari ibyo bitaga "IBINYONI" byari icyumba kimwe ku ishuri abana banyuragamo bimenyereza ishuri mbere yo gutangira umwaka wa mbere w' amashuri abanza. <ref>[[Uburezi mu Rwanda]]</ref> ==== Kuva muri 2003 kugeza 2020 ==== Amashuri y' incuke yatangiye gutera imbere ndetse politike ya leta yasabaga ko buri mwana agomba kwiga, ndetse akagera mu mashuri yisumbuye, uburezi bw' u [[Rwanda Mountain Tea|Rwanda]] bwagiye buterimbere gahoro gahoro, kugeza aho amashuri y' incuke yakwirakwiye hose mu mashuri, ku insengero ndetse nabikorera batangira gushinga amashuri yigenga. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00X9N3.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-25 |archive-date=2022-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925112015/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00X9N3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===== Kuva muri 2020 kugeza ubu ===== Muri ikigihe uburezi bumaze guterimbere cyane, amashuri y' incuke amaze guhinduka ipfundo ry' uburezi mu [[Rwanda]]. mu ntangiriro za 2020 icyorezo cya [[COVID-19]] cyahagaritse ibintu byose ariko cyane cyane urwego rw' uburezi, by' umwihariko amashuri y' incuke n' icyiciro cya mbere cya amashuri abanza byarahungabanye cyane kuko abana bigaga muri ibyo byiciro bamaze hafi umwaka wose batajya kwishuri kubera impamvu z' icyorezo. muri mutarama mu mwaka 2021 nibwo amashuri yongeye gutangira neza abana bose basubira ku mashuri. <ref>https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/amashuri-y-incuke-n-icyiciro-cya-mbere-cy-abanza-agiye-gutangira</ref> ====== Ibyiciro by' amashuri mu Rwanda ====== Mu [[Rwanda]] amashuri agabanyijemo ibyiciro bitandukanye: * icyiciro cy' incuke kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya mbere cy' amashuri abanza kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya kabiri cy' amashuri abanza kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro rusange cy' amashuri yisumbuye kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cyisumbuye cy' amashuri yisumbuye kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya mbere, icya kabiri n' icya Gatatu bya Kaminuza ahaho imyaka bimara biterwa nibyo wahisemo kwiga. == Amashakiro: == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Uburezi]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi mu Rwanda]] 6lapxdga6ezabek4j9lnio4n92pwag0 132466 132465 2026-06-21T17:55:26Z B.Scalling 15089 132466 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:2008-02-12_Township_preschool.jpg|thumb|Abana bakina mu ishuri |292x292px]] [[Dosiye:ASC_Leiden_-_van_Achterberg_Collection_-_5_-_057_-_A_wall_painting_including_a_lion,_a_cow,_flowers_and_a_bus_at_a_kindergarten_-_Dekar_(D'kar),_Botswana,_9-15_March_1997.tif|thumb|Ibishushanyo byo mu ishuri ry'incuke |280x280px]] [[Dosiye:Gukoropa amashuri.jpg|thumb|Umubyiyi uri gukoropa amashuri]] Amashuuri y' abana bato; incuke mu<ref name=":0">https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/amashuri-y-incuke-yashibutse-mu-kimina-cy-abantu-13-mu-1988</ref> [[Rwanda]]. ayo mashuri yahozeho kuva kera gusa ntiyitabwagaho cyane kandi byari biteguye nabi, mbese nyuma ya Genocide yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka 1994 abanyarwanda batangiye kongera kwiga, icyogihe amashuri y' incuke yicyo gihe yitwaga "IBINYONI". === Amateka: === Amashuri y'incuke yashibutse mu kimina cy'abantu 13 mu 1988. Igitekerezo cyo gushinga amashuri y'incuke ngo cyabajemo mu kwezi kwa Nzeri k'umwaka wa 1988, ubwo babonaga ababyeyi bajya guhinga bashoreranye n'abana, bakiriranwa na bo mu mirima ariko bagataha umubyizi utarangiye, kubera ko abo bana babaga babaruhiji.Niyonteze nabagenzi bafatanyije gushinga amashuri y'incuke bavuga ko muri Nzeri 1988 i Gihara batangiranye n'abana 17, kugeza ubu ku rwego rw'Igihugu hari amashuri y'incuke 4,051, yigamo abana 1,134,913, nkuko raporo y'uburezi ya 2022/2023 ibigaragara.<ref name=":0" />Nyuma ya [[Genocide mu Rwanda|Genocide]] yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]] mu mwaka 1994, igihugu cyatangiye kwiyubaka, abantu basubira mu mashuri, ariko amashuri y' incuke ntayabagaho mbese hari ibyo bitaga "IBINYONI" byari icyumba kimwe ku ishuri abana banyuragamo bimenyereza ishuri mbere yo gutangira umwaka wa mbere w' amashuri abanza. <ref>[[Uburezi mu Rwanda]]</ref> ==== Kuva muri 2003 kugeza 2020 ==== Amashuri y' incuke yatangiye gutera imbere ndetse politike ya leta yasabaga ko buri mwana agomba kwiga, ndetse akagera mu mashuri yisumbuye, uburezi bw' u [[Rwanda Mountain Tea|Rwanda]] bwagiye buterimbere gahoro gahoro, kugeza aho amashuri y' incuke yakwirakwiye hose mu mashuri, ku insengero ndetse nabikorera batangira gushinga amashuri yigenga. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00X9N3.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-25 |archive-date=2022-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925112015/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00X9N3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===== Kuva muri 2020 kugeza ubu ===== Muri ikigihe uburezi bumaze guterimbere cyane, amashuri y' incuke amaze guhinduka ipfundo ry' uburezi mu [[Rwanda]]. mu ntangiriro za 2020 icyorezo cya [[COVID-19]] cyahagaritse ibintu byose ariko cyane cyane urwego rw' uburezi, by' umwihariko amashuri y' incuke n' icyiciro cya mbere cya amashuri abanza byarahungabanye cyane kuko abana bigaga muri ibyo byiciro bamaze hafi umwaka wose batajya kwishuri kubera impamvu z' icyorezo. muri mutarama mu mwaka 2021 nibwo amashuri yongeye gutangira neza abana bose basubira ku mashuri. <ref>https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/amashuri-y-incuke-n-icyiciro-cya-mbere-cy-abanza-agiye-gutangira</ref> ====== Ibyiciro by' amashuri mu Rwanda ====== Mu [[Rwanda]] amashuri agabanyijemo ibyiciro bitandukanye: * icyiciro cy' incuke kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya mbere cy' amashuri abanza kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya kabiri cy' amashuri abanza kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro rusange cy' amashuri yisumbuye kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cyisumbuye cy' amashuri yisumbuye kimara imyaka itatu * icyiciro cya mbere, icya kabiri n' icya Gatatu bya [[Kaminuza y'u Rwanda|Kaminuza]] ahaho imyaka bimara biterwa nibyo wahisemo kwiga. == Amashakiro: == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Uburezi]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi mu Rwanda]] 4zu6njm7ovpkv83kmtvzp7uphpeghix 0 13532 132495 95726 2026-06-21T18:57:36Z B.Scalling 15089 /* Imirimoye kuri Ubu */ 132495 wikitext text/x-wiki Twahirwa Iudovic wamenyekanye nka Coronel Dodo ni umwe mubasirikare bagize uruhare mu rugamba rwo kubohora igihugu kuva mu mwaka wi 1990 mu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] ubwo ingabo za RPF zinjiraga mu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] ari umwe mubimbere kuko ari afite ipete rya Kapieni yaherewe mugihugu cy'abaturanyye [[Uganda]]<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g687mjMrlug</ref> == Twahirwa Ludovic(Coronel Dodo) == Twahirwa ni umwe mungabo zagize uruhare mu rugamba rwo kubohora igihugu kuva mu mwaka wi 1990<ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2022/01/from-atraco-to-jali-investment-meet-col-rtd-dodo-mr-transport/</ref> kandi yari umwe mubimbere barongoye ingabo zu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] yiteguye gukora buri kimwe habe no guhara ubuzima ariko igihugu nabanyarwanda batabarwe kandi atitaye kunyungu ze bwite. <ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukungu/ishoramari/article/menya-amateka-ya-colonel-rtd-dodo-wayoboye-atraco-yahindutse-jali-investment</ref> === Uko yinjiye mu mwuga we w'Igisirikare === Coronel Dodo yavukiye mu gihugu cyabaturanyi [[Uganda]] ahagana mu mwaka wi 1960 kubabyeyi bimpunzi z'abanyarwanda mu majyaruguru ya [[Uganda]] yavutse iwabo ari abatunzi boroyye Inka nyinshi gusa yaje gutangira ubuzima bushya mu mwaka wi 1981 ubwo Yinjiraga mu gisirikare cya [[Ubugande|Uganda]] mu myyaka isaga itandatu gusa (6) yari ahawe ipei rya Kapiteni kubera ibikorwa bye byyindashyikirwa ni ntambara nyinshi<ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2022/01/from-atraco-to-jali-investment-meet-col-rtd-dodo-mr-transport/</ref> arwaniye mugihugu cya [[Ubugande|Uganda]] ==== Imirimoye kuri Ubu ==== Coronel Dodo kandi n'umwe mubagize uruhare mu bikorwa by'ubutwari nkaho yatangije ibikorwa by'ingendo<ref>http://rwandarwabanyarwanda.over-blog.com/article-rwanda-another-rwanda-s-senior-officer-col-dodo-arrested-49079800.html</ref> Rusange [[Umujyi wa Kigali|mumujyi wa Kigali]] byo gutwara abantu ndetse no hanze y'[[Umujyi wa Kigali|Umujyi wa Kigal]]<nowiki/>i ahasaga mu mwaka wi 1999 nyuma yo kujya mu kiruhuko kizabukuru mu mwaka wi 1998<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230203102507/http://hoberwandamagazine.com/spip.php?article20</ref> ==== Reba hano ==== 9j07w75bf721nfvo5y4em252k1si85w 0 13567 132432 126085 2026-06-21T13:37:40Z HiAmos 18412 Nongeye andi makuru 132432 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Clean water for a village in West Lombok (10686572086).jpg|thumb|Amazi meza|154x154px]] [[Dosiye:Thomas Bresson - Creation-goutte-eau-redim (by).jpg|thumb|amazi|129x129px]] [[Dosiye:2006-02-13 Drop-impact.jpg|thumb|amazi mu kirahuri|118x118px]] [[Dosiye:Waterfall in Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Amazi yo ku rutare|205x205px]] [[Dosiye:Two water buffaloes bathing at sunset.jpg|thumb|122x122px|Inyamaswa ziba mumazi]] '''Amazi''' ni igisukika gishobora gukoreshwa mu bintu bitandukanye; urugero: gukora isuku, guteka, gukaraba. 2/3 by'[[isi]] bigizwe n'amazi ndetse n'[[umubiri]] wacu ni amazi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umutihealth.com/kunywa-amazi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-13 |archive-date=2023-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213144559/https://umutihealth.com/kunywa-amazi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/utuntu-n-utundi/article/dore-ibintu-10-by-ingirakamaro-ku-buzima-bw-imodoka-yawe</ref>Kunywa amazi ni ikintu abantu bamwe bavuga ko cyoroshye, hakaba n’ubwo bagereranya ikintu cyoroshye no kunywa amazi, umuntu akaba yavuga ati “ibyo byoroshye nko kunywa amazi”<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuzima/urusobe-rw-ubuzima/article/menya-ibyiza-byo-kunywa-amazi-ahagije-n-ingaruka-zo-kutayanywa</ref> == Ibigize amazi == Amazi agaragara (etat de l'eau) mu buryo 3 : * Mu mwuka * mu bisukika * imiterere ikomeye Bitewe n'igihe kigeze amazi ashobora kuba umwuka cyangwa akomeye.<ref>https://www.cieau.com/connaitre-leau/connaitre-leau/leau-cest-quoi/</ref><ref>https://uel.unisciel.fr/chimie/solutaque/solutaque_ch02/co/apprendre_ch2_01.html</ref> == Amazi ku kwezi == [[Dosiye:Water drop impact on a water-surface - (2).jpg|thumb|Amazi meza|152x152px]] Abashakashatsi babonye amazi ku kwezi, ni amazi ari mu kazenga gato, ku ruhande rugaragaho izuba aho aho yabonetse hangana na m cube imwe.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/amakuru-54702588</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-mahanga/ubuzima/article/nasa-yavumbuwe-ku-kwezi-ikintu-gifitiye-akamaro-kanini-abatuye-isi</ref> Akamaro kamazi kumubiri wumuntu == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Amazi| ]] rm873ln5q0wd8t1bn5jl3u6c6aijmyg 132434 132432 2026-06-21T13:42:29Z HiAmos 18412 nongeyemo amakuru 132434 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Clean water for a village in West Lombok (10686572086).jpg|thumb|Amazi meza|154x154px]] [[Dosiye:Thomas Bresson - Creation-goutte-eau-redim (by).jpg|thumb|amazi|129x129px]] [[Dosiye:2006-02-13 Drop-impact.jpg|thumb|amazi mu kirahuri|118x118px]] [[Dosiye:Waterfall in Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Amazi yo ku rutare|205x205px]] [[Dosiye:Two water buffaloes bathing at sunset.jpg|thumb|122x122px|Inyamaswa ziba mumazi]] '''Amazi''' ni igisukika gishobora gukoreshwa mu bintu bitandukanye; urugero: gukora isuku, guteka, gukaraba. 2/3 by'[[isi]] bigizwe n'amazi ndetse n'[[umubiri]] wacu ni amazi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umutihealth.com/kunywa-amazi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-13 |archive-date=2023-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213144559/https://umutihealth.com/kunywa-amazi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/utuntu-n-utundi/article/dore-ibintu-10-by-ingirakamaro-ku-buzima-bw-imodoka-yawe</ref>Kunywa amazi ni ikintu abantu bamwe bavuga ko cyoroshye, hakaba n’ubwo bagereranya ikintu cyoroshye no kunywa amazi, umuntu akaba yavuga ati “ibyo byoroshye nko kunywa amazi”<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuzima/urusobe-rw-ubuzima/article/menya-ibyiza-byo-kunywa-amazi-ahagije-n-ingaruka-zo-kutayanywa</ref> Amazi ni ikinyobwa gitangaje kuko uretse kuba gituma umuntu agira ubuzima bwiza, kinafasha mu gukiza indwara zimwe na zimwe igihe zamaze kugera ku muntu<ref>https://www.kent.co.in/</ref>. Amazi arinda za ‘infections’ zishobora kwibasira abantu bato ndetse n’abakuze. Kunywa amazi ahagaije bisohora imyanda mu mubiri, ibyo bikagabanya ibyago byo kurwara izo ‘infections’. Gusa nanone, ni ngombwa kunywa amazi meza, kugira ngo umuntu yirinde indwara ziterwa no kunywa amazi mabi<ref>https://www.kent.co.in/</ref> == Ibigize amazi == Amazi agaragara (etat de l'eau) mu buryo 3 : * Mu mwuka * mu bisukika * imiterere ikomeye Bitewe n'igihe kigeze amazi ashobora kuba umwuka cyangwa akomeye.<ref>https://www.cieau.com/connaitre-leau/connaitre-leau/leau-cest-quoi/</ref><ref>https://uel.unisciel.fr/chimie/solutaque/solutaque_ch02/co/apprendre_ch2_01.html</ref> == Amazi ku kwezi == [[Dosiye:Water drop impact on a water-surface - (2).jpg|thumb|Amazi meza|152x152px]] Abashakashatsi babonye amazi ku kwezi, ni amazi ari mu kazenga gato, ku ruhande rugaragaho izuba aho aho yabonetse hangana na m cube imwe.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/amakuru-54702588</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-mahanga/ubuzima/article/nasa-yavumbuwe-ku-kwezi-ikintu-gifitiye-akamaro-kanini-abatuye-isi</ref> Akamaro kamazi kumubiri wumuntu == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Amazi| ]] jh1ieofqme9c4wpdpbisou2s0y1u1rh 132435 132434 2026-06-21T13:44:21Z HiAmos 18412 Nongeye andi makuru 132435 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Clean water for a village in West Lombok (10686572086).jpg|thumb|Amazi meza|154x154px]] [[Dosiye:Thomas Bresson - Creation-goutte-eau-redim (by).jpg|thumb|amazi|129x129px]] [[Dosiye:2006-02-13 Drop-impact.jpg|thumb|amazi mu kirahuri|118x118px]] [[Dosiye:Waterfall in Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Amazi yo ku rutare|205x205px]] [[Dosiye:Two water buffaloes bathing at sunset.jpg|thumb|122x122px|Inyamaswa ziba mumazi]] '''Amazi''' ni igisukika gishobora gukoreshwa mu bintu bitandukanye; urugero: gukora isuku, guteka, gukaraba. 2/3 by'[[isi]] bigizwe n'amazi ndetse n'[[umubiri]] wacu ni amazi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umutihealth.com/kunywa-amazi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-13 |archive-date=2023-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213144559/https://umutihealth.com/kunywa-amazi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/utuntu-n-utundi/article/dore-ibintu-10-by-ingirakamaro-ku-buzima-bw-imodoka-yawe</ref>Kunywa amazi ni ikintu abantu bamwe bavuga ko cyoroshye, hakaba n’ubwo bagereranya ikintu cyoroshye no kunywa amazi, umuntu akaba yavuga ati “ibyo byoroshye nko kunywa amazi”<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuzima/urusobe-rw-ubuzima/article/menya-ibyiza-byo-kunywa-amazi-ahagije-n-ingaruka-zo-kutayanywa</ref> Amazi ni ikinyobwa gitangaje kuko uretse kuba gituma umuntu agira ubuzima bwiza, kinafasha mu gukiza indwara zimwe na zimwe igihe zamaze kugera ku muntu<ref>https://www.kent.co.in/</ref>. Amazi arinda za ‘infections’ zishobora kwibasira abantu bato ndetse n’abakuze. Kunywa amazi ahagaije bisohora imyanda mu mubiri, ibyo bikagabanya ibyago byo kurwara izo ‘infections’. Gusa nanone, ni ngombwa kunywa amazi meza, kugira ngo umuntu yirinde indwara ziterwa no kunywa amazi mabi<ref>https://www.kent.co.in/</ref> Amazi yafasha umuntu urwaye za ‘infections’ mu mpyiko, kuko akenshi zijya gufata impyiko zahereye mu ruhago rw’inkari, ni yo mpamvu abaganga basaba umuntu urwaye izo ‘infections’ kunywa amazi ahagije kuko biramufasha<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuzima/urusobe-rw-ubuzima/article/menya-ibyiza-byo-kunywa-amazi-ahagije-n-ingaruka-zo-kutayanywa</ref> == Ibigize amazi == Amazi agaragara (etat de l'eau) mu buryo 3 : * Mu mwuka * mu bisukika * imiterere ikomeye Bitewe n'igihe kigeze amazi ashobora kuba umwuka cyangwa akomeye.<ref>https://www.cieau.com/connaitre-leau/connaitre-leau/leau-cest-quoi/</ref><ref>https://uel.unisciel.fr/chimie/solutaque/solutaque_ch02/co/apprendre_ch2_01.html</ref> == Amazi ku kwezi == [[Dosiye:Water drop impact on a water-surface - (2).jpg|thumb|Amazi meza|152x152px]] Abashakashatsi babonye amazi ku kwezi, ni amazi ari mu kazenga gato, ku ruhande rugaragaho izuba aho aho yabonetse hangana na m cube imwe.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/amakuru-54702588</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-mahanga/ubuzima/article/nasa-yavumbuwe-ku-kwezi-ikintu-gifitiye-akamaro-kanini-abatuye-isi</ref> Akamaro kamazi kumubiri wumuntu == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Amazi| ]] m61uwmtaogb9ewtfbcn4g0v07pcnzfh 0 14407 132419 118685 2026-06-21T12:03:31Z B.Scalling 15089 132419 wikitext text/x-wiki Mu Rwanda rwo hambere Abanyarwanda bagiraga amoko 19 bakomora ku bakurambere, akaba amoko akomoka ku muryango mugari w’abantu. == Amateka == Buri bwoko bwagiraga icyo bumariye ubundi kandi bukubahirizwa, kimwe n’inyamanswa yabaga iburanga. Uyu munsi Kigali Today irahera ku gusobanura umumaro n’agaciro k’ubwoko bw’abagesera, nk’ubwoko bwabaga bushinzwe gutanga no kwereza ikibanza kugira ngo cyubakwe. === Modeste Nsanzabaganwa === Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu Nteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco (RALC) ashimangira ko buri bwoko bwagiraga umuryango mugari, kandi buri muryango ukagira akamaro kawo. Agira ati “Hari imiryango imwe n’imwe yashingwaga ibikorwa ibi n’ibi by’ibwami cyangwa byo mu buzima busanzwe”. === Muganga Rutangarwamaboko === Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, inzobere mu by’umuco n’ amateka akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo nyarwanda cy’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, yagerageje gusobanura umumaro n’agaciro k’ubwoko bw’Abagesera n’inyamanza nk’inyamanswa iburanga. Ati “Abagesera ni bo batangaga ibibanza, n’iyo utabonaga Umugesera ngo aguhe ikibanza, ngo akikwereze, wahamagaraga umwana we akaza akanyara aho ugiye kubaka, noneho kikabona kigahumanurwa kandi kigakingirwa ikibi, ukazaremya. Ubwo rero urumva ko Abagesera bari bakomeye mu muco nyarwanda.” Akomeza agira ati “Kirazira kwica inyamanza kuko ari ikirangabwoko cy’Abagesera. Iyo wishe inyamanza urayifata ukayishyingura ahantu mu buvumo cyangwa mu rutare, hatagera imvura. Kikaba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko wifatanyije na yo mu kababaro kayo”. Hari andi makuru avuga ko iyo umugabo yabaga amaze gusiza ikibanza yifuza kubakamo inzu, yagombaga gutegereza ko inyoni ziza gutoragura udusimba muri icyo kibanza. Muri izo nyoni hagombaga kubamo inyamanza. Iyo haburagamo inyamanza, uwo muntu ngo yajyaga guhamagara umuntu wo mu bwoko bw’Abagesera, agashinga imiganda y’umuhango muri icyo kibanza. Hanyuma rero nyiri [https://web.archive.org/web/20240629114435/https://ikibanza.com/category/bugusera/ ikibanza] akaza kuyirandura, akabona gushinga imiganda nyakuri, agatangira kubaka inzu ye. === Ibindi === mu Rwanda rwa kera amoko yabagaho yari amoko y’Umuryango mugari w’abantu aba n’aba. Nk’uko amateka y’u Rwanda abigaragaza, amoko y’Abanyarwanda yari 18. Ariko yakagombye kuba ari 19, usibye ubwoko bumwe bwazimye burundu ari bwo bw’Abahondogo bari batuye mu gihugu cy’u Bugesera. Ibyo bikaba byarabaye ku Ngoma y’Umwami w’u Rwanda Mibambwe II Mutabazi Sentabyo wateye Nsoro IV Nyamugeta Umwami w’u Bugesera hagapfa Abahondogo benshi, n’abasigaye biyitirira ubundi bwoko, kugira ngo bakize amagara yabo. Ibyo bikaba byarabaye ahasaga mu w’1741 kugeza mu w’1746. Hari abajya bitiranya ubwoko bw’Abagesera, n’Abanyabugesera (abatuye cyangwa bakomoka mu gace ka Bugesera), bakumva ko utuye cyangwa ukomoka mu Bugesera wese ari umugesera, kandi si ko bimeze kuko Abagesera ni ubwoko ukwabwo, bugizwe n’Abanyarwanda babarizwa hirya no hino mu Rwanda. Ababihuza rero n’insigamigani igira iti “Kugenda nk’Abagesera.” Ntaho bihuriye kuko uvugwa ko yagiye nk’Abagesera, bamuvuga kuko yakomokaga mu gihugu cy’u Bugesera ariko ntaho berekana ko yari uwo mu bwoko bw’Abagesera. Urubuga wikirwanda.org rusobanura ko “Kugenda nk’Abagesera.” babivuga iyo babonye umuntu uvuye mu bo bari kumwe akanyonyomba adasezeye. Ni bwo bavuga ngo naka agenda nk’Abagesera. Wakomotse ku munyabugesera witwaga Muganza wiyahuye muri Cyohoha, i Bugesera (ubu ni mu Karere ka Bugesera) ahayinga umwaka w’i 1400.” == Reba == <ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/umuco/amateka/article/menya-abagesera-ubwoko-bwatangaga-bukanereza-ikibanza-kugira-ngo-cyubakwe</ref> 5b7u5zb392x2dq8p15w26n0rupz1g3u 132420 132419 2026-06-21T12:04:37Z B.Scalling 15089 132420 wikitext text/x-wiki Mu Rwanda rwo hambere Abanyarwanda bagiraga amoko 19 bakomora ku bakurambere, akaba amoko akomoka ku muryango mugari w’abantu. == Amateka == Buri bwoko bwagiraga icyo bumariye ubundi kandi bukubahirizwa, kimwe n’inyamanswa yabaga iburanga. Uyu munsi Kigali Today irahera ku gusobanura umumaro n’agaciro k’ubwoko bw’abagesera, nk’ubwoko bwabaga bushinzwe gutanga no kwereza ikibanza kugira ngo cyubakwe. === Modeste Nsanzabaganwa === Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu Nteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco (RALC) ashimangira ko buri bwoko bwagiraga umuryango mugari, kandi buri muryango ukagira akamaro kawo. Agira ati “Hari imiryango imwe n’imwe yashingwaga ibikorwa ibi n’ibi by’ibwami cyangwa byo mu buzima busanzwe”. === Muganga Rutangarwamaboko === Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, inzobere mu by’umuco n’ amateka akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo nyarwanda cy’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, yagerageje gusobanura umumaro n’agaciro k’ubwoko bw’Abagesera n’inyamanza nk’inyamanswa iburanga. Ati “Abagesera ni bo batangaga ibibanza, n’iyo utabonaga Umugesera ngo aguhe ikibanza, ngo akikwereze, wahamagaraga umwana we akaza akanyara aho ugiye kubaka, noneho kikabona kigahumanurwa kandi kigakingirwa ikibi, ukazaremya. Ubwo rero urumva ko Abagesera bari bakomeye mu muco nyarwanda.” Akomeza agira ati “Kirazira kwica inyamanza kuko ari ikirangabwoko cy’Abagesera. Iyo wishe inyamanza urayifata ukayishyingura ahantu mu buvumo cyangwa mu rutare, hatagera imvura. Kikaba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko wifatanyije na yo mu kababaro kayo”. Hari andi makuru avuga ko iyo umugabo yabaga amaze gusiza ikibanza yifuza kubakamo inzu, yagombaga gutegereza ko inyoni ziza gutoragura udusimba muri icyo kibanza. Muri izo nyoni hagombaga kubamo inyamanza. Iyo haburagamo inyamanza, uwo muntu ngo yajyaga guhamagara umuntu wo mu bwoko bw’Abagesera, agashinga imiganda y’umuhango muri icyo kibanza. Hanyuma rero nyiri [https://web.archive.org/web/20240629114435/https://ikibanza.com/category/bugusera/ ikibanza] akaza kuyirandura, akabona gushinga imiganda nyakuri, agatangira kubaka inzu ye. === Ibindi === mu Rwanda rwa kera amoko yabagaho yari amoko y’Umuryango mugari w’abantu aba n’aba. Nk’uko amateka y’u Rwanda abigaragaza, amoko y’Abanyarwanda yari 18. Ariko yakagombye kuba ari 19, usibye ubwoko bumwe bwazimye burundu ari bwo bw’Abahondogo bari batuye mu gihugu cy’u Bugesera. Ibyo bikaba byarabaye ku Ngoma y’Umwami w’u Rwanda Mibambwe II Mutabazi Sentabyo wateye Nsoro IV Nyamugeta Umwami w’u Bugesera hagapfa Abahondogo benshi, n’abasigaye biyitirira ubundi bwoko, kugira ngo bakize amagara yabo. Ibyo bikaba byarabaye ahasaga mu w’1741 kugeza mu w’1746. Hari abajya bitiranya ubwoko bw’Abagesera, n’Abanyabugesera (abatuye cyangwa bakomoka mu gace ka Bugesera), bakumva ko utuye cyangwa ukomoka mu Bugesera wese ari umugesera, kandi si ko bimeze kuko Abagesera ni ubwoko ukwabwo, bugizwe n’Abanyarwanda babarizwa hirya no hino mu Rwanda. Ababihuza rero n’insigamigani igira iti “Kugenda nk’Abagesera.” Ntaho bihuriye kuko uvugwa ko yagiye nk’Abagesera, bamuvuga kuko yakomokaga mu gihugu cy’u Bugesera ariko ntaho berekana ko yari uwo mu bwoko bw’Abagesera. “Kugenda nk’Abagesera.” babivuga iyo babonye umuntu uvuye mu bo bari kumwe akanyonyomba adasezeye. Ni bwo bavuga ngo naka agenda nk’Abagesera. Wakomotse ku munyabugesera witwaga Muganza wiyahuye muri Cyohoha, i Bugesera (ubu ni mu Karere ka Bugesera) ahayinga umwaka w’i 1400.” == Reba == <ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/umuco/amateka/article/menya-abagesera-ubwoko-bwatangaga-bukanereza-ikibanza-kugira-ngo-cyubakwe</ref> sqxu5re3opgnzffvq9xlw4lz0pl3knj 132421 132420 2026-06-21T12:05:10Z B.Scalling 15089 132421 wikitext text/x-wiki Mu Rwanda rwo hambere Abanyarwanda bagiraga amoko 19 bakomora ku bakurambere, akaba amoko akomoka ku muryango mugari w’abantu. == Amateka == Buri bwoko bwagiraga icyo bumariye ubundi kandi bukubahirizwa, kimwe n’inyamanswa yabaga iburanga. Uyu munsi Kigali Today irahera ku gusobanura umumaro n’agaciro k’ubwoko bw’abagesera, nk’ubwoko bwabaga bushinzwe gutanga no kwereza ikibanza kugira ngo cyubakwe. === Modeste Nsanzabaganwa === Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu Nteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco (RALC) ashimangira ko buri bwoko bwagiraga umuryango mugari, kandi buri muryango ukagira akamaro kawo. Agira ati “Hari imiryango imwe n’imwe yashingwaga ibikorwa ibi n’ibi by’ibwami cyangwa byo mu buzima busanzwe”. === Muganga Rutangarwamaboko === Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, inzobere mu by’umuco n’ amateka akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo nyarwanda cy’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, yagerageje gusobanura umumaro n’agaciro k’ubwoko bw’Abagesera n’inyamanza nk’inyamanswa iburanga. Ati “Abagesera ni bo batangaga ibibanza, n’iyo utabonaga Umugesera ngo aguhe ikibanza, ngo akikwereze, wahamagaraga umwana we akaza akanyara aho ugiye kubaka, noneho kikabona kigahumanurwa kandi kigakingirwa ikibi, ukazaremya. Ubwo rero urumva ko Abagesera bari bakomeye mu muco nyarwanda.” Akomeza agira ati “Kirazira kwica inyamanza kuko ari ikirangabwoko cy’Abagesera. Iyo wishe inyamanza urayifata ukayishyingura ahantu mu buvumo cyangwa mu rutare, hatagera imvura. Kikaba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko wifatanyije na yo mu kababaro kayo”. Hari andi makuru avuga ko iyo umugabo yabaga amaze gusiza ikibanza yifuza kubakamo inzu, yagombaga gutegereza ko inyoni ziza gutoragura udusimba muri icyo kibanza. Muri izo nyoni hagombaga kubamo inyamanza. Iyo haburagamo inyamanza, uwo muntu ngo yajyaga guhamagara umuntu wo mu bwoko bw’Abagesera, agashinga imiganda y’umuhango muri icyo kibanza. Hanyuma rero nyiri [https://web.archive.org/web/20240629114435/https://ikibanza.com/category/bugusera/ ikibanza] akaza kuyirandura, akabona gushinga imiganda nyakuri, agatangira kubaka inzu ye. === Ibindi === mu Rwanda rwa kera amoko yabagaho yari amoko y’Umuryango mugari w’abantu aba n’aba. Nk’uko amateka y’u Rwanda abigaragaza, amoko y’Abanyarwanda yari 18. Ariko yakagombye kuba ari 19, usibye ubwoko bumwe bwazimye burundu ari bwo bw’Abahondogo bari batuye mu gihugu cy’u Bugesera. Ibyo bikaba byarabaye ku Ngoma y’Umwami w’u Rwanda Mibambwe II Mutabazi Sentabyo wateye Nsoro IV Nyamugeta Umwami w’u Bugesera hagapfa Abahondogo benshi, n’abasigaye biyitirira ubundi bwoko, kugira ngo bakize amagara yabo. Ibyo bikaba byarabaye ahasaga mu w’1741 kugeza mu w’1746. Hari abajya bitiranya ubwoko bw’Abagesera, n’Abanyabugesera (abatuye cyangwa bakomoka mu gace ka Bugesera), bakumva ko utuye cyangwa ukomoka mu Bugesera wese ari umugesera, kandi si ko bimeze kuko Abagesera ni ubwoko ukwabwo, bugizwe n’[[Abanyarwanda]] babarizwa hirya no hino mu Rwanda. Ababihuza rero n’insigamigani igira iti “Kugenda nk’Abagesera.” Ntaho bihuriye kuko uvugwa ko yagiye nk’Abagesera, bamuvuga kuko yakomokaga mu gihugu cy’u Bugesera ariko ntaho berekana ko yari uwo mu bwoko bw’Abagesera. “Kugenda nk’Abagesera.” babivuga iyo babonye umuntu uvuye mu bo bari kumwe akanyonyomba adasezeye. Ni bwo bavuga ngo naka agenda nk’Abagesera. Wakomotse ku munyabugesera witwaga Muganza wiyahuye muri Cyohoha, i Bugesera (ubu ni mu Karere ka Bugesera) ahayinga umwaka w’i 1400.” == Reba == <ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/umuco/amateka/article/menya-abagesera-ubwoko-bwatangaga-bukanereza-ikibanza-kugira-ngo-cyubakwe</ref> ag4k4vqyqnb7pxr0kj4hecg4yzez987 0 14519 132444 132227 2026-06-21T14:34:40Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132444 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishyirahamwe rya Siporo rya Muhanga''' rizwi ku izina rya AS Muhanga ni club y'[[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] iherereye mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Muhanga|Muhanga]], mu ntara y'[[Intara y'amajyepfo|Amajyepfo]] mu gihugu cy'u [[Rwanda]]. Kuri ubu iyi kipe irushanwa muri [[Shampiyona y’ icyiciro cya mbere mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda|Shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere(1)mu mupira w'amaguru mu Rwanda]], <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Rwanda - Muhanga FC - Results and fixtures - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/rwanda/muhanga-fc/17090/matches/ |access-date=14 March 2019 |website=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> ikinira imikino yayo (iyo yakiriye andi makipe) iwayo kuri Stade ya Karere ka Muhanga. * [[A.S muhanga]] == '''AMASHAKIRO;''' == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/rwanda/muhanga-fc/17090 Umupira w'amaguru] [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Muhanga]] 817bqfwd7lsfm2aetmfihhf82m937n8 0 14578 132519 128068 2026-06-22T05:44:15Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132519 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Incheon AsianGames Beach Volleyball 10 (15357575501).jpg|thumb|Youvia wfc]] YOUVIA WFC (YOUVIA Women Football Club)  yashinzwe  muri 2012, ikipe yashizwe na [[Ndarama Mark]], ni ikipe y’umupira w'amaguru wa babigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo [[Umugore|abagore]] n’abakobwa mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu itegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’igikombe cy’amahoro cy’igihugu. YOUVIA WFC yakinnye mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cy’akabiri mu [[Rwanda]], ubu ikaba iri mu cyiciro cya mbere cya shampiyona mu mupira w’amaguru mu bagore. <ref>https://igihe.com/imikino/football/article/youvia-wfc-itarabona-amikoro-ahagije-yabonye-abatoza-bashya-barimo-baraka</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/abakinnyi-4-b-ikipe-ya-youvia-barembye-bajyanwa-mu-bitaro-nyuma-yo-kunanirwa</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/122065/youvia-wfc-yagarutse-mu-cyiciro-cya-mbere-ihigitse-as-kabuye-ya-lucky-fire-amafoto-122065.html</ref><ref>https://www.thechoicelive.com/rayon-sports-wfc-yanyagiye-youvia-wfc-ku-munsi-yamurikiwe-aba-rayon-ku-mugaragaro</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://youviawfc.rw/abo-turi-bo/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302141026/https://youviawfc.rw/abo-turi-bo/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/amafoto-200-rayon-sports-wfc-yatsinze-youvia-hatahwa-ikibuga-cyo-mu-nzove</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/03/its-a-two-horse-race-for-ferwafa-presidency/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2023/01/youvia-wfc-yabonye-staff-nshya-yabantu-barindwi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302141019/https://umuseke.rw/2023/01/youvia-wfc-yabonye-staff-nshya-yabantu-barindwi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/iminsi-ibiri-irashize-tuyishimire-angelique-ari-muri-koma-nyuma-yo-kunanirwa-kwakira-gutsindwa</ref><ref>https://www.scorebar.com/team/27663/youvia-wfc-women</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] k57cl1xv18ufn09m8k1hhxvcabkoasi 0 14588 132518 127987 2026-06-22T05:42:22Z B.Scalling 15089 /* Amarushanwa */ 132518 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kamonyi WFC''' (kamonyi Women Football Club)  ikipe yashizwe kandi irebererwa na [[Akarere ka Kamonyi|karere ka kamonyi]] ni ikipe y’umupira wa maguru waba bigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo [[Umugore|abagore]] n’abakobwa mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’igikombe cy’amahoro cy’igihugu. Kamonyi WFC yakinnye mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cy’akabiri mu [[Rwanda]], irazamuka ubu ikaba iri mu cyiciro cya mbere cya shampiyona mu mupira w’amaguru mu bari na [[Umugore|bategarugori]].<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/as-kigali-y-abagore-yisubije-igikombe-cy-amahoro-inyagiye-kamonyi</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-na-kamonyi-zitwaye-neza/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302154052/https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-na-kamonyi-zitwaye-neza/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/06/amafoto-as-kigali-yabagore-yisubije-igikombe-cyamahoro/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302154053/https://umuseke.rw/2022/06/amafoto-as-kigali-yabagore-yisubije-igikombe-cyamahoro/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://rwanda-football.com/as-kigali-yabagore-yisubije-igikombe-cyamahoro/</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/91361/women-football-ikipe-izatwara-igikombe-cya-shampiyona-izahabwa-arenga-3000000-frw-91361.html</ref><ref>https://www.rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/nyirahafashimana-yafashije-scandivia-wfc-kunyagira-inyemera-amafoto</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/88672/women-football-ikipe-yigihugu-mu-myiteguro-ya-nyuma-mbere-yo-kwakira-dr-congo-amafoto-88672.html</ref><ref>https://rushyashya.net/abakinnyi-39-bikipe-yigihugu-yu-rwanda-yabagore-bari-munsi-yimyaka-20-yatangiye-umwiherero-mu-rwego-rwo-guhatanira-itike-yigikombe-cyisi-cya-2022/</ref><ref>https://yegob.rw/kapiteni-wikipe-yabagore-ya-kamonyi-yavugishije-abantu-amagambo-menshi-amafoto/</ref> == Amarushanwa == Kamonyi WFC ( kamonyi Women Football Club ) yagiye yitabira amarushanwa menshi kandi agiye atandukanye, twavuga [[Igikombe cy’Amahoro|igikombe cy'amahoro]] ndetse n'igikombe cya shampiyona haba ari mu cy'iciro cya mbere cyangwa icyiciro cy'akabili, aha twavigako iherutse gukina na ikipe ya [[Rayon Sports Women Football Club|rayon sports women football club]] hari mugikombe cy'amahoro, bari gukina imikino yo muri 1/8 cy'irangiza muri icy gikombe.<ref>https://rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/peace-cup-rayon-sports-wfc-yatomboye-kamonyi-wfc-uko-tombola-yagenze</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umukino w'abagore]] tksv1853dtf6kag9kepz8moyfkl8s6g 0 14590 132521 127893 2026-06-22T05:47:46Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132521 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bugesera WFC''' (Bugesera Women Football Club)  ikipe yashizwe kandi irebererwa na karere ka [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Bugesera]], ni ikipe y’umupira wamaguru wa babigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo [[Umugore|abagore]] n’abakobwa mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’igikombe cy’amahoro cy’igihugu. Bugesera WFC ikina mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere cyu mu mupira w’amaguru mu [[Rwanda]] mu [[Umugore|bagore]]. <ref>https://rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/bugesera-wfc-ishinja-ferwafa-kuyirenganya-mu-gikombe-cy-amahoro-ntikinira</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-wfc-yageze-muri-%C2%BD/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302161827/https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-wfc-yageze-muri-%C2%BD/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/144119/latest%20news/as-kigali-retains-rwanda-women-football-league-title/amp</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/article/abakunzi-b-imikino-mu-rwanda-biteze-iki-mu-mpera-z-icyumweru</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/bane-muri-ferwafa-bamaze-gusabirwa-kweguzwa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302160325/https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/bane-muri-ferwafa-bamaze-gusabirwa-kweguzwa |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/imikino/football/article/scandinavia-wfc-yahize-guhindura-amateka-ikambura-as-kigali-wfc-igikombe-cya</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/06/as-kigali-retains-women-football-league-title/</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] hflqk6nitvu8yil8k6bkp9fwe9gt06f 132522 132521 2026-06-22T05:48:12Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132522 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bugesera WFC''' (Bugesera Women Football Club)  ikipe yashizwe kandi irebererwa na karere ka [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Bugesera]], ni ikipe y’umupira w'amaguru wa babigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo [[Umugore|abagore]] n’abakobwa mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’igikombe cy’amahoro cy’igihugu. Bugesera WFC ikina mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere cyu mu mupira w’amaguru mu [[Rwanda]] mu [[Umugore|bagore]]. <ref>https://rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/bugesera-wfc-ishinja-ferwafa-kuyirenganya-mu-gikombe-cy-amahoro-ntikinira</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-wfc-yageze-muri-%C2%BD/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302161827/https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-wfc-yageze-muri-%C2%BD/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/144119/latest%20news/as-kigali-retains-rwanda-women-football-league-title/amp</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/article/abakunzi-b-imikino-mu-rwanda-biteze-iki-mu-mpera-z-icyumweru</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/bane-muri-ferwafa-bamaze-gusabirwa-kweguzwa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302160325/https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/bane-muri-ferwafa-bamaze-gusabirwa-kweguzwa |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/imikino/football/article/scandinavia-wfc-yahize-guhindura-amateka-ikambura-as-kigali-wfc-igikombe-cya</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/06/as-kigali-retains-women-football-league-title/</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] axoypurwu04nnwtzdci27571a3w86n8 132523 132522 2026-06-22T05:49:52Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132523 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bugesera WFC''' (Bugesera Women Football Club)  ikipe yashizwe kandi irebererwa na karere ka [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Bugesera]], ni ikipe y’umupira w'amaguru wa babigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo [[Umugore|abagore]] n’abakobwa mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’[[Igikombe cy’Amahoro|igikombe cy’amahoro]] cy’igihugu. Bugesera WFC ikina mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere cyu mu mupira w’amaguru mu [[Rwanda]] mu [[Umugore|bagore]]. <ref>https://rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/bugesera-wfc-ishinja-ferwafa-kuyirenganya-mu-gikombe-cy-amahoro-ntikinira</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-wfc-yageze-muri-%C2%BD/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302161827/https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-wfc-yageze-muri-%C2%BD/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/144119/latest%20news/as-kigali-retains-rwanda-women-football-league-title/amp</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/article/abakunzi-b-imikino-mu-rwanda-biteze-iki-mu-mpera-z-icyumweru</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/bane-muri-ferwafa-bamaze-gusabirwa-kweguzwa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302160325/https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/bane-muri-ferwafa-bamaze-gusabirwa-kweguzwa |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/imikino/football/article/scandinavia-wfc-yahize-guhindura-amateka-ikambura-as-kigali-wfc-igikombe-cya</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/06/as-kigali-retains-women-football-league-title/</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] dqgrcpyevzppqwwdc9xd1nt3wo1hiy0 132524 132523 2026-06-22T05:50:33Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132524 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bugesera WFC''' (Bugesera Women Football Club)  ikipe yashinzwe kandi irebererwa na karere ka [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Bugesera]], ni ikipe y’umupira w'amaguru wa babigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo [[Umugore|abagore]] n’abakobwa mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’[[Igikombe cy’Amahoro|igikombe cy’amahoro]] cy’igihugu. Bugesera WFC ikina mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere cyu mu mupira w’amaguru mu [[Rwanda]] mu [[Umugore|bagore]]. <ref>https://rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/bugesera-wfc-ishinja-ferwafa-kuyirenganya-mu-gikombe-cy-amahoro-ntikinira</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-wfc-yageze-muri-%C2%BD/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302161827/https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-wfc-yageze-muri-%C2%BD/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/144119/latest%20news/as-kigali-retains-rwanda-women-football-league-title/amp</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/article/abakunzi-b-imikino-mu-rwanda-biteze-iki-mu-mpera-z-icyumweru</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/bane-muri-ferwafa-bamaze-gusabirwa-kweguzwa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302160325/https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/bane-muri-ferwafa-bamaze-gusabirwa-kweguzwa |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/imikino/football/article/scandinavia-wfc-yahize-guhindura-amateka-ikambura-as-kigali-wfc-igikombe-cya</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/06/as-kigali-retains-women-football-league-title/</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] kp2rycre47a2v2icpjg7gb7k9q30t7t 0 14595 132516 124189 2026-06-22T05:40:04Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132516 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Female Football 05.jpg|thumb|apaer wfc]] [[Dosiye:GasaboDist.png|thumb|Aho abanyeshuri baturuka]] '''APAER WFC''' ( Association des Parents Adventistes Pour l’Education à Rusororo , Women Football Club) rifite [[ishuri]] rya Rusororo Institute bashinze ishuri ryisumbuye ryigamo abanyeshuri basanzwe ndetse n'abakinnyi ba APAER Women Football Club, ikinwamo n’abanyeshuri b’[[Umugore|abakobwa]] biga kuri iri shuri riherereye mu Murenge wa Rusororo mu [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Karere ka Gasabo]]. APAER WFC yazamutse mu shampiyona cyiciro cya mbere mu mwaka w’imikino wa 2021-2022 imaze umwaka umwe mu shampiyona yi cyiciro cya kabili. Urugendo rw' [[Ikipe]] ya APAER WFC muri ruhago y’abagore y’u Rwanda yarutangira mu 1999. APAER WFC ikina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’[[Igikombe cy’Amahoro|igikombe cy’amahoro]] cy’igihugu cyu [[Rwanda]]. Aho mu mwaka w'imikino wa 2024-2025 ubuyobozi bwa Police WFC bwagiranye amasezerano y'imikoranire n'ubuyobozi bwa APAER WFC mugihe cy'umwaka umwe yo kwitwa POLICE WFC bakaba batitwa APAER WFC muri icyo gihe cy'amasezerano. <ref>https://www.rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/mu-wa-gishuti-apaer-wfc-yatsinze-rayon-sports-wfc-amafoto</ref><ref>https://yegob.rw/bwa-mbere-mu-mateka-ikipe-ya-rayon-sports-wfc-yabonye-ikipe-iyihangamura/</ref><ref>https://www.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/ferwafa-yisanze-mu-rindi-bara-as-kigali-wfc-yahawe-amanota-y-umukino</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rwanda-football.com/as-kigali-wfc-yashyikirijwe-igikombe-cya-shampiyona/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302175226/https://rwanda-football.com/as-kigali-wfc-yashyikirijwe-igikombe-cya-shampiyona/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://newstoday.rw/womenfootball-as-kigali-wfc-irimbanyije-imyiteguro-ya-caf-champions-league</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/rayon-sports-y-abagore-yatangiye-kwiyubaka-izana-abanyamahanga</ref><ref>https://rushyashya.net/abakinnyi-39-bikipe-yigihugu-yu-rwanda-yabagore-bari-munsi-yimyaka-20-yatangiye-umwiherero-mu-rwego-rwo-guhatanira-itike-yigikombe-cyisi-cya-2022/</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/apr-fc-yatsinze-kiyovu-sports-iyobora-shampiyona</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/02/28/imbamutima-za-kayitesi-wegukanye-igikombe-muri-as-kigali-yabagore/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302173741/https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/02/28/imbamutima-za-kayitesi-wegukanye-igikombe-muri-as-kigali-yabagore/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi muri Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] <references />'''Ubuyobozi bwa APAER WFC''' # Bayiringire Seth (Club President) # Rwiyamira Desire (Vs President) # Uwineza Kahn (Head of Games and sports department) # Nsengiyaremye Jean Claude (Discipline Master) # Niyobuhungiro Pacifique (Media Officer) b2ow5ranfeobdksrg8up2mxj8vqc5ix 132517 132516 2026-06-22T05:41:14Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132517 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Female Football 05.jpg|thumb|apaer wfc]] [[Dosiye:GasaboDist.png|thumb|Aho abanyeshuri baturuka]] '''APAER WFC''' ( Association des Parents Adventistes Pour l’Education à Rusororo , Women Football Club) rifite [[ishuri]] rya Rusororo Institute bashinze ishuri ryisumbuye ryigamo abanyeshuri basanzwe ndetse n'abakinnyi ba APAER Women Football Club, ikinwamo n’abanyeshuri b’[[Umugore|abakobwa]] biga kuri iri shuri riherereye mu Murenge wa Rusororo mu [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Karere ka Gasabo]]. APAER WFC yazamutse mu shampiyona cyiciro cya mbere mu mwaka w’imikino wa 2021-2022 imaze umwaka umwe mu shampiyona yi cyiciro cya kabili. Urugendo rw' [[Ikipe]] ya APAER WFC muri ruhago y’abagore y’u Rwanda yarutangira mu 1999. APAER WFC ikina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’[[Igikombe cy’Amahoro|igikombe cy’amahoro]] cy’igihugu cyu [[Rwanda]]. Aho mu mwaka w'imikino wa 2024-2025 ubuyobozi bwa Police WFC bwagiranye amasezerano y'imikoranire n'ubuyobozi bwa APAER WFC mugihe cy'umwaka umwe yo kwitwa [[Police Women Volleyball club|POLICE]] WFC bakaba batitwa APAER WFC muri icyo gihe cy'amasezerano. <ref>https://www.rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/mu-wa-gishuti-apaer-wfc-yatsinze-rayon-sports-wfc-amafoto</ref><ref>https://yegob.rw/bwa-mbere-mu-mateka-ikipe-ya-rayon-sports-wfc-yabonye-ikipe-iyihangamura/</ref><ref>https://www.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/ferwafa-yisanze-mu-rindi-bara-as-kigali-wfc-yahawe-amanota-y-umukino</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rwanda-football.com/as-kigali-wfc-yashyikirijwe-igikombe-cya-shampiyona/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302175226/https://rwanda-football.com/as-kigali-wfc-yashyikirijwe-igikombe-cya-shampiyona/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://newstoday.rw/womenfootball-as-kigali-wfc-irimbanyije-imyiteguro-ya-caf-champions-league</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/rayon-sports-y-abagore-yatangiye-kwiyubaka-izana-abanyamahanga</ref><ref>https://rushyashya.net/abakinnyi-39-bikipe-yigihugu-yu-rwanda-yabagore-bari-munsi-yimyaka-20-yatangiye-umwiherero-mu-rwego-rwo-guhatanira-itike-yigikombe-cyisi-cya-2022/</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/apr-fc-yatsinze-kiyovu-sports-iyobora-shampiyona</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/02/28/imbamutima-za-kayitesi-wegukanye-igikombe-muri-as-kigali-yabagore/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302173741/https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/02/28/imbamutima-za-kayitesi-wegukanye-igikombe-muri-as-kigali-yabagore/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi muri Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] <references />'''Ubuyobozi bwa APAER WFC''' # Bayiringire Seth (Club President) # Rwiyamira Desire (Vs President) # Uwineza Kahn (Head of Games and sports department) # Nsengiyaremye Jean Claude (Discipline Master) # Niyobuhungiro Pacifique (Media Officer) 8kr5825gdaqvemq4np7benbjnty828d 0 14597 132520 127922 2026-06-22T05:46:39Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132520 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Algérie - Arménie - 20140531 - Yacine Brahimi (Alg) face à Taron Voskanyan (Arm).jpg|thumb|IPM wfc]] '''IPM wfc''' ( Institut Paroissiale de Mukarange, Women Football Club)  ni [[ikipe]] y’umupira wa maguru wa babigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo [[Umugore|abagore]] n’[[Umugore|abakobwa]] mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’[[Igikombe cy’Amahoro|igikombe cy’amahoro]] cy’igihugu. IPM wfc ikina mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere cyu mu mupira w’amaguru mu [[Rwanda]] mu [[Umugore|bagore]], ikaba yaratweye irushanwa rya [[Amashuri Makuru|Amashuri]] Kagame Cup ndetse , IPM WFC yatwaye igikombe cya Shampiyona y'ikiciro cya kabiri mu [[Umugore|bagore]] muri 2022 kugeza 2023. <ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/as-kigali-wfc-yashyikirijwe-igikombe-cya-shampiyona</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/02/28/imbamutima-za-kayitesi-wegukanye-igikombe-muri-as-kigali-yabagore/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302173741/https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/02/28/imbamutima-za-kayitesi-wegukanye-igikombe-muri-as-kigali-yabagore/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://rushyashya.net/amavubi-yageze-muri-senegal-aho-yitegura-gukina-umunsi-wa-kabiri-wa-afcon2023-reg-vc-na-apr-wvc-zegukanye-gmt-2022-ibyaranze-impera-zicyumweru-muri-siporo/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-na-kamonyi-zitwaye-neza/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302154052/https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-na-kamonyi-zitwaye-neza/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://rwanda-football.com/as-kigali-yongeye-kwegukana-igikombe-cya-shampiyona-yabagore/</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/iminsi-ibiri-irashize-tuyishimire-angelique-ari-muri-koma-nyuma-yo-kunanirwa-kwakira-gutsindwa</ref><ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/abasifuzi-5-bahagaritswe-abakomiseri-2-bahagarikwa-amezi-6</ref><ref>https://www.thechoicelive.com/abasifuzi-basifuriye-rayon-sports-na-etoile-de-lest-nabandi-bahagaritswe</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/abakinnyi-4-b-ikipe-ya-youvia-barembye-bajyanwa-mu-bitaro-nyuma-yo-kunanirwa</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] 5qm41dkpps1aagsbl2w2du2vr5k7fp3 0 14904 132503 126578 2026-06-21T21:22:37Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132503 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Anti-LGBT.svg|thumb|LGBT]] = Abasaga ibihumbi 35 mu [[Rwanda]] baryamana bahuje ibitsina, bari mu bugarijwe cyane na [[SIDA]] = [[Dosiye:02019 1173 Rzeszów Pride.jpg|thumb|Abaharanira uburenganzira ku kubana kwabahuje ibitsina]] Imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ubuzima igaragaza ko icyiciro cy’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina kiri mu byugarijwe cyane na virusi itera [[SIDA|Sida]] kuko cyihariye 7% by’abafite ubu bwandu bose mu gihugu.<ref name=":0">https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/barenga-ibihumbi-35-bari-mu-byiciro-byugarijwe-na-sida-imbogamizi-zibangamiye</ref> Raporo y’Ibikorwa bya Minisiteri y’Ubuzima mu mwaka wa 2019-2020, igaragaza ko abagore bakora uburaya n’abagabo bakorana imibonano mpuzabitsina n’abandi bagabo ari bo bari ku isonga mu bafite virusi itera [[SIDA]].<ref name=":0" /> Abo bagore bihariye 35,5% by’abafite Virusi ya [[SIDA]] mu gihugu, naho abagabo bakorana imibonano mpuzabitsina n’abandi bagabo bihariye 7%.<ref name=":0" /> Umunyamabanga Mukuru mu Nama y’Ubutegetsi y’Ihuriro ry’imiryango itari iya Leta irwanya [[SIDA]], igituntu na malaria no guteza imbere ubuzima (RNGOF) akaba n’Umuyobozi wa RDFP, Mukantabana Crescence yavuze ko imwe mu mpamvu ituma iyi mibare iri hejuru mu baryamana bahuje ibitsina , ari uko iki cyiciro cy’abantu kidakunze gusaba serivisi z’ubuvuzi zabugenewe.<ref name=":1">https://igihe.com/amakuru/utuntu-n-utundi/article/ubuzima-bw-ababana-bahuje-igitsina-bo-mu-mujyi-wa-kigali</ref> Yagize ati “Ibintu byabo babikora babihishe, bagatinya kujya kwa muganga kubera ko [bahagera] bakababwirana, bakabaryanira inzara ugasanga baricecekeye.” Ababana bahuje ibitsina mu [[Rwanda]] bakunze guhisha ibyiyumviro byabo, bakazabigaragaza bumaze gukura bafite ubushobozi bwo kwibeshaho mu gihe baramuka bamaganwe na sosiyete.Mu kiganiro aherutse kugirana na IGIHE, Nabonibo Albert yasobanuye uburyo akimara kugaragaza ko afite ibyiyumviro byo kuryamana n’abo bahuje ibitsina, yatewe utwatsi na sosiyete bikamugiraho ingaruka zigaragara. Mukantabana Crescence, yavuze ko ababana bahuje ibitsina mu [[Rwanda]] bagifite imbogamizi zijyanye n’amategeko abarengera, atuma hari ubwo bahohoterwa ntibabone ubufasha. Icyakora yavuze ko hari byinshi byakozwe bigatuma benshi muri no bigaragaza, ingingo ikomeye cyane kuko ubundi bikunze kugirwa ibanga mu rwego rwo kwirinda ihohoterwa.<ref name=":0" /> Kuri ubu habarurwa ko abarenga ibihumbi 35 baryamana n’abo bahuje ibitsina mu [[Rwanda]], nk’uko Mukantabana yabitangaje. Ati “Barahari byaragaragaye. Igihe mperukira imibare bari bageze mu bihumbi 35. [[Abanyarwanda]] ibihumbi 35 ni benshi.” Nabo nibo we yabwiye IGIHE ko ari benshi bashobora kuba barenze uyu mubare, ahubwo bamwe bataragira ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza ibyiyumviro byabo kuko bishobora kubagiraho ingaruka. Umwe mu babana bahuje ibitsina twaganiriye, yavuze ko “Kwemera kuvuga ko uryamana n’abo muhuje igitsina ni ikintu kitoroshye, benshi mu bakiri bato birinda kubikora kugira ngo batiteranya n’imiryango yabo, cyangwa bakabura amahirwe mu kazi n’ibindi nk’ibyo.<ref name=":1" /> "Kubikora bisaba ubutwari, niyo mpamvu bikorwa na bake, abantu bagenda batinyuka bitewe n’uko imyumvire ya sosiyete izamuka. Ntabwo ari uko ababana bahuje ibitsina mu [[Rwanda]] ari bacye, ni uko banga kubyerekana gusa mu rwego rwo kurinda inyungu zabo.” Yongeyeho ko nubwo hari byinshi bikenewe gukorwa, ashima ubwisanzure bafite mu [[Rwanda]] ugereranyije n’ahandi muri Afurika. Ati "Dufite uburenganzira nk’ubw’abandi imbere y’amategeko, nta mategeko yihariye aduhana, ni ikintu dushimira Leta nubwo hagikenewe byinshi byo gukora, ariko ubona ko nta kibazo duhura nacyo cyo kwimwa uburenganzira bigizwemo uruhare na Leta, niyo mpamvu benshi bari kugenda batinyuka, bakagaragaza imiterere y’umubiri wabo.”<ref name=":0" /> '''Leta yarahagurutse''' Mu bihugu bitandukanye, ikigero cy’abanyamuryango ba [[LGBTQ]] (ababana bahuje ibitsina) biyahura kiri hejuru kurusha uko bimeze mu bindi byiciro by’abaturage, bikaba akarusho iyo bigeze mu bakiri bato, baba bageze mu gihe cyo kwiga no kumenya imiterere y’ibitsina byabo. Ibi ni ko bimeze mu bihugu birimo [[Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika|Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika]],<ref name=":2">https://www.kigalitoday.com/ntibisanzwe/article/ababana-bahuje-ibitsina-mu-gisirikari-cya-amerika-baratangira-guhabwa</ref> aho imibare y’urubyiruko ruri mu muryango w’ababana bahuje ibitsina rutekereza kwiyahura, ikubye kabiri iyo mu rundi rubyiruko rusanzwe.<ref name=":0" /> Imwe mu mpamvu zibitera harimo kwamaganwa no guhabwa akato, aho usanga abantu bagaragaje ko baryamana n’abo bahuje igitsina, baterwa utwatsi bakamaganwa cyangwa bakimwa amahirwe atandukanye, ibi bigatuma barushaho kwiheba no kwitera icyizere, bamwe bakabura aho batura ibibazo byabo kugera ubwo biyahuye.<ref name=":0" /> Ku rwego mpuzamahanga cyane cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere, hagenda haba ubukangurambaga bugamije kwigisha abantu ko ababana n’abo bahuje ibitsina ari abantu nk’abandi, bitewe n’uko ari bwo buryo baremye kandi iyo myitwarire ikaba atari amahitamo, ahubwo ari imiterere yabo.<ref name=":1" /> Ku bakurikira umupira w’amaguru, cyane cyane Shampiyona ya Premier League yo mu [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]], muzakunda kubona ba kapiteni b’amakipe bambaye ibitambaro birimo amabara y’umukororombya, ari ryo bendera riranga abaryamana bahuje ibitsina.<ref name=":3">https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/ababana-bahuje-igitsina-babimye-ahantu-ho-gukorera-ubukwe-biteza-ikibazo-muri#!?pr=119249&lang=en</ref> Ibi na nako bigenda ku mipira ikinwa, imishumi y’inkweto n’ibindi bitandukanye, byose bigamije kurushaho guteza imbere ubukangurambaga bw’umuryango w’ababana bahuje ibitsina.<ref name=":1" /> Amateka agaragaza ko abagize uyu muryango babayeho kuva mu myaka ibihumbi bibiri mbere y’ivuka rya Yezu, bagaragara ku migabane yose y’Isi ndetse no mu moko atandukanye y’abantu. Guhuza ibitsina kw’abafite ibiteye kimwe si imyitwarire y’abantu gusa, kuko iyi mico inagaragara mu zindi nyamswa z’ubwoko burenga 1500 burimo inyoni, [[inyamaswa]] zo mu mazi, inyamabere ndetse no mu dusimba duto. Bitekerezwa ko 90% by’ibikorwa byo guhuza ibitsina bya giraffe bikorwa hagati y’izibihuje.<ref name=":2" /> Hari gahunda nyinshi zagiyeho zigamije guhangana n’ibibazo by’ababana bahuje ibitsina, nk’uko Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu mu Muryango Uharanira Guteza Imbere Ubuzima (HDI), Christopher Sengoga, aherutse kubitangariza IGIHE. Yagize ati “Indi mbogamizi bahura na yo ni ukubona serivisi z’ubuzima. Abaganga benshi ntibaramenya kubitaho mu buryo bw’umwihariko, nubwo turi gufatanya n’inzego za Leta mu kubahugura, ku buryo mu gihe bagiye gushaka serivisi zijyanye n’ubuzima bwabo bwihariye, bazibona nta nkomyi.”<ref name=":0" /> Uretse guhugura abaganga, hari ibindi bikorwa byakozwe mu rwego rwo kurushaho gufasha abagize uyu muryango kugira ubuzima bwiza, harimo kubaha amahugurwa ku bijyanye n’icyorezo cya [[SIDA]] n’ubukangurambaga ku ikoreshwa ry’agakingirizo, ndetse bakanasabwa kurushaho kwisuzumisha kugira ngo bamenye uko ubuzima bwabo buhagaze. Ku ruhande rwa Minisiteri y’Ubuzima mu Rwanda, iri gukora ibishoboka byose mu gufasha abagize uyu muryango kwisuzumisha Virus itera [[SIDA]], kubona ibinini bya PrEP birinda umuntu kwanduza iyo Virus uwo bakorana imibonano mpuzabitsina ndetse n’imiti igabanya ubukana bwa Virus itera [[SIDA]].<ref name=":3" /> Niyingenera Callixte Ushinzwe gukurikirana ibikorwa by’abanyamuryango ba RNGOF mu Mujyi wa Kigali n’Intara y’Iburasirazuba, yabwiye IGIHE ko bagerageza gufasha ababana n’abo bahuje igitsina kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo bivuze indwara zifata imyanya ndangagitsina. Yongeyeho ati “Tubaha n’ibikoresho birimo udukingirizo n’amavuta yongera ububobere. Ikirenze ibyo, tunagerageza gukora ubuvugizi ku butabera bwabo nk’uko nabo babyifuza kuko ni abantu nk’abandi.” Yasobanuye ko batarahabwa ikaze mu muryango mugari w’Abanyarwanda, ati “Ntabwo umuryango Nyarwanda ukwiye kubaca ngo ubatere ibuye ahubwo bakwiye gufashwa mu byo bakora, tugakora ubuvugizi ngo bikorwa bite kugira ngo birinde izo ndwara zindi n’ihohoterwa ariko uburenganzira bwabo burakenewe.”<ref name=":0" /> '''Icyizere cy’Itegeko rirengera LGBTQ mu [[Rwanda]]?''' U [[Rwanda]] ni kimwe mu bihugu bya Afurika bidafite itegeko iryo ari ryo ryose ribangamira ababana bahuje ibitsina. Magingo aya, Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u [[Rwanda]] ntiryerura ngo ryemere cyangwa ryamagane imyitwarire n’imigirire y’ababana n’abo bahuje igitsina. Icyakora mu ngingo yaryo ya 16 rigira riti “Abanyarwanda bose bavukana kandi bagakomeza kugira uburenganzira n’ubwisanzure bingana.”<ref name=":1" /> Gusa mu ngingo ya 17 yaryo, harimo ko “Ishyingirwa ryemewe ari iryabaye hagati y’umugabo n’umugore,” ingingo itavugwaho rumwe kuko ababana bahuje ibitsina bashobora no kubana nk’abashakanye.IGIHE ifite amakuru yemeza ko abanyamategeko b’Ihuriro ry’imiryango itari iya Leta irimo GLIHD, HDI na RNGOF, bateguye umushinga w’itegeko rirebana n’uburenganzira bw’ababana bahuje ibitsina, aho bivugwa ko uyu mushinga warangiye ndetse bari kwitegura kuwushyikiriza Inteko Ishinga Amategeko.<ref name=":0" /> Uwatanze amakuru yagize ati “Ni itegeko ribemerera kugira izindi serivisi bahabwa mu gihugu nk’[[Abanyarwanda]] muri rusange. Ntabwo ari iribashyigikira ngo nimugende mukore ibyo mushaka ku mugaragaro turabashyigikiye.” “Ni iribahesha serivisi nk’undi Munyarwanda uwo ari we wese ku buryo aho bazajya baca batazajya babona ko ari ibicibwa. Niba agiye kwa gitifu cyangwa ubundi buyobozi akaba yisanga nta pfunwe atewe no kuba abana n’uwo bahuje igitsina.” Niyingenera yatangaje ko nka sosiyete sivile, bakangurira ababyeyi gushyigikira uburenganzira bw’abana babo mu gihe bagaragaje ibyiyumvo nk’uko baryamana n’abo bahuje ibitsina, kandi bakabigaragaza bakiri bato. Yasobanuye ko ibi bituma abana bakura neza, bakarushaho kwiyakira no gushyira imbaraga mu iterambere ryabo, aho kwigunga no kwitera icyizere.<ref name=":3" /> == AMASHAKIRO; == qvhl5t41uxtqrqu6m0qg5f2hvje5dtt 0 14945 132496 114744 2026-06-21T19:18:07Z HiAmos 18412 imyandikire 132496 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Shoes on display.jpg|thumb|inkweto z'abagabo]] [[Dosiye:Shoes in a spanish shoe store.jpg|thumb|Inkweto]] [[Dosiye:Camper-rockefeller-STORE.jpg|thumb|Inkweto]] [[Dosiye:Traditional Moroccan shoes called "babouches".JPG|thumb|Inkweto]] [[Dosiye:Balenciaga shoes with huge soles, sold at Roppongi Hills shop.jpg|thumb|Inkweto]] [[Dosiye:Shoes on display.jpg|thumb|Shoes on display]] [[Dosiye:Shoes and Boots.svg|thumb|Shoes and Boots]] [[Dosiye:Shoes and boots.jpg|thumb|Shoes and boots]] '''Inkweto''' ni zigamije kurinda no guhumuriza ikirenge cyumuntu. Bakunze kwambara amasogisi. Inkweto nazo zikoreshwa nk'ikintu cyo gushushanya no kwerekana imideri. Igishushanyo cyinkweto cyagiye gitandukana cyane mugihe ndetse no mumico n'umuco, muburyo bwa mbere bwahujwe nibikorwa. Nubwo ikirenge cyumuntu gishobora guhuza nubutaka butandukanye hamwe nikirere cy’ikirere, biracyashobora kwibasirwa n’ibidukikije nkamabuye akomeye ndetse n’ubushyuhe bukabije, inkweto zirinda. Inkweto zimwe zambarwa nkibikoresho byumutekano, nkibikweto byibyuma bisabwa inkweto zinkweto ahakorerwa inganda. Ibigega bitatu byubururu inyuma yumukara. Isanduku yo hejuru yerekana inkweto ndende zijimye, inkweto ya sandge hamwe ninkweto yo kubyina. Isahani yo hagati yerekana inkweto zitandukanye, inkweto zo mu bwoko bwa kunyerera. Isanduku yo hepfo yerekana inkweto ebyiri za kera hamwe ninkweto zabana. [[Dosiye:Skor från 1700- till 1960-talet - Nordiska Museet - NMA.0056302.jpg|thumb|Inkweto zitandukanye za kera ziri munzu ndangamirage]] Byongeye kandi, imyambarire yagiye itegeka ibintu byinshi byashushanyije, nko kumenya niba inkweto zifite inkweto ndende cyane cyangwa ziringaniye. Inkweto z'iki gihe ziratandukanye cyane muburyo, bigoye hamwe nigiciro. Inkweto z'ibanze zishobora kuba zigizwe gusa n'umugozi woroheje kandi woroshye kandi bigurishwa ku giciro gito. Inkweto ndende yimyambarire yakozwe nabashushanyaga ibyamamare irashobora gukorwa mubikoresho bihenze, gukoresha ubwubatsi bugoye no kugurisha amafaranga menshi. Inkweto zimwe zagenewe intego zihariye, nk'inkweto zagenewe cyane cyane imisozi cyangwa gusiganwa ku maguru, mu gihe izindi zifite imikoreshereze rusange nka siporo yo mu bwoko bwa siporo yavuye mu nkweto zidasanzwe za siporo zihinduka inkweto rusange. Ubusanzwe, inkweto zakozwe mu mpu, mu biti cyangwa muri canvas, ariko ziragenda zikorwa muri reberi, plastike, n'ibindi bikoresho bikomoka kuri peteroli. [1] Ku isi hose, inganda zinkweto ni miliyari 200 z'amadolari y’Amerika ku mwaka. 90% byinkweto birangira byuzuyemo ubutaka, kubera ko ibikoresho bigoye gutandukanya, gutunganya cyangwa gukoresha ubundi buryo == Indangamurongo == https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoe 7bdll5e93zyiyghuaeh9iwre7unlss9 132497 132496 2026-06-21T19:18:35Z HiAmos 18412 gukosora imyandikire 132497 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Shoes on display.jpg|thumb|inkweto z'abagabo]] [[Dosiye:Shoes in a spanish shoe store.jpg|thumb|Inkweto]] [[Dosiye:Camper-rockefeller-STORE.jpg|thumb|Inkweto]] [[Dosiye:Traditional Moroccan shoes called "babouches".JPG|thumb|Inkweto]] [[Dosiye:Balenciaga shoes with huge soles, sold at Roppongi Hills shop.jpg|thumb|Inkweto]] [[Dosiye:Shoes on display.jpg|thumb|Shoes on display]] [[Dosiye:Shoes and Boots.svg|thumb|Shoes and Boots]] [[Dosiye:Shoes and boots.jpg|thumb|Shoes and boots]] '''Inkweto''' zigamije kurinda no guhumuriza ikirenge cyumuntu. Bakunze kwambara amasogisi. Inkweto nazo zikoreshwa nk'ikintu cyo gushushanya no kwerekana imideri. Igishushanyo cyinkweto cyagiye gitandukana cyane mugihe ndetse no mumico n'umuco, muburyo bwa mbere bwahujwe nibikorwa. Nubwo ikirenge cyumuntu gishobora guhuza nubutaka butandukanye hamwe nikirere cy’ikirere, biracyashobora kwibasirwa n’ibidukikije nkamabuye akomeye ndetse n’ubushyuhe bukabije, inkweto zirinda. Inkweto zimwe zambarwa nkibikoresho byumutekano, nkibikweto byibyuma bisabwa inkweto zinkweto ahakorerwa inganda. Ibigega bitatu byubururu inyuma yumukara. Isanduku yo hejuru yerekana inkweto ndende zijimye, inkweto ya sandge hamwe ninkweto yo kubyina. Isahani yo hagati yerekana inkweto zitandukanye, inkweto zo mu bwoko bwa kunyerera. Isanduku yo hepfo yerekana inkweto ebyiri za kera hamwe ninkweto zabana. [[Dosiye:Skor från 1700- till 1960-talet - Nordiska Museet - NMA.0056302.jpg|thumb|Inkweto zitandukanye za kera ziri munzu ndangamirage]] Byongeye kandi, imyambarire yagiye itegeka ibintu byinshi byashushanyije, nko kumenya niba inkweto zifite inkweto ndende cyane cyangwa ziringaniye. Inkweto z'iki gihe ziratandukanye cyane muburyo, bigoye hamwe nigiciro. Inkweto z'ibanze zishobora kuba zigizwe gusa n'umugozi woroheje kandi woroshye kandi bigurishwa ku giciro gito. Inkweto ndende yimyambarire yakozwe nabashushanyaga ibyamamare irashobora gukorwa mubikoresho bihenze, gukoresha ubwubatsi bugoye no kugurisha amafaranga menshi. Inkweto zimwe zagenewe intego zihariye, nk'inkweto zagenewe cyane cyane imisozi cyangwa gusiganwa ku maguru, mu gihe izindi zifite imikoreshereze rusange nka siporo yo mu bwoko bwa siporo yavuye mu nkweto zidasanzwe za siporo zihinduka inkweto rusange. Ubusanzwe, inkweto zakozwe mu mpu, mu biti cyangwa muri canvas, ariko ziragenda zikorwa muri reberi, plastike, n'ibindi bikoresho bikomoka kuri peteroli. [1] Ku isi hose, inganda zinkweto ni miliyari 200 z'amadolari y’Amerika ku mwaka. 90% byinkweto birangira byuzuyemo ubutaka, kubera ko ibikoresho bigoye gutandukanya, gutunganya cyangwa gukoresha ubundi buryo == Indangamurongo == https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoe ejarb3cbslnexxq4es8ef6qftdi9ml4 0 15044 132422 128718 2026-06-21T12:11:31Z B.Scalling 15089 132422 wikitext text/x-wiki Abdallah Magdy ni umukinnyi w’umupira w’amaguru wabigize umwuga ukomoka muri [[Egyptian vulture|Egypt]], akaba akina hagati mu kibuga (midfielder) aho afasha cyane mu kurinda no gutangiza ibitero; kuri ubu akinira ikipe ya Pyramids FC ikina muri Egyptian Premier League, shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere mu [[Misiri]], kandi azwiho gukina afite imbaraga, gutanga imipira myiza no gufasha ikipe ye kugera ku ntsinzi mu mikino yo mu gihugu no ku rwego mpuzamahanga. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FilGoal {{!}} لاعب {{!}} عبد الله مجدي |url=https://www.filgoal.com/players/135606 |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=FilGoal.com |language=ar}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=عبد الله مجدي، آخر الأخبار والملف الشخصي {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/ar-eg/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A/ecydvbcbfc8r17rurm2oa1sve |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=كووورة: الموقع العربي الرياضي الأول |url=https://www.kooora.com/?player=151026 |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=www.kooora.com |archive-date=2023-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305075224/https://www.kooora.com/?player=151026 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubuzima == Abdallah Magdy yavutse ku ya 22 Gashyantare 1997 mu Misiri . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Abdallah Magdy, Latest News & Player Profile {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/player/abdallah-magdy/ecydvbcbfc8r17rurm2oa1sve |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> Yakiniye Misr Lel Makkasa kuva 2019 kugeza 2021 ubwo yimurirwaga muri Pyramide. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Egypt - Abdallah Magdy - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway |url=https://ng.soccerway.com/players/abdallah-magdy/637826/ |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=ng.soccerway.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Abdallah Magdy Biography |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/player/bio/_/id/333188/abdallah-magdy |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> == Igikombe == Yari mu ikipe ya kabiri yegukanye igikombe cya shampiyona yo mu Misiri 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Abdallah Magdy |url=https://www.footballdatabase.eu/en/player/details/392272-abdallah-magdy |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=www.footballdatabase.eu}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru]] aquv6viv6jbuh9tudbt1gnxg48ddifq 0 15157 132443 128515 2026-06-21T14:32:26Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132443 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishyirahamwe Michlifen Ifrane Basket-ball''', rizwi nka '''AMI Basket''', ni ikipe ya basketball ya Maroke ifite icyicaro i Ifrane. Ikipe irushanwa muri Diviziyo, shampiyona y'igihugu yo hejuru. <ref>{{Cite web |title=CLUBS DEX-H |url=https://www.frmbb.ma/clubs-dex-h/ |access-date=22 June 2021 |website=Fédération Royale Marocaine de BasketBall |language=fr-FR |archive-date=2 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202053842/https://www.frmbb.ma/clubs-dex-h/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iyi kipe yashinzwe mu 2014 ikaba ifite ishuri ry'urubyiruko rifite abana barenga 140(ijana na mirongo ine)bafite imyaka 4 kugeza 14. Muri 2016, iyi kipe y'abagabo yegukanye igikombe cya shampiyona y'icyiciro cya gatatu muri Maroke.<ref>https://www.amiparis.com/mc/sets/man/shoes-man</ref><ref>https://www.lexception.com/ch-fr/ami/homme/chaussures/_sneakers</ref><ref>https://www.modalova.fr/marques/homme/ami/baskets</ref><ref>https://www.artic.edu/artworks/198691/ajiro-ami-basket</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.frmbb.ma/samedi-23-avril-a-ifrane-rendez-vous-avec-ami-en-famille/ami-basket/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-13 |archive-date=2023-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313120456/https://www.frmbb.ma/samedi-23-avril-a-ifrane-rendez-vous-avec-ami-en-famille/ami-basket/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.artic.edu/artworks/198684/hana-ajiro-ami-basket</ref><ref>https://rocklandkosher.com/#!/hb/c/1001-0/c/47-1001/c/384-47/b/6600/m/000000/r/73481/he/kosher-househld/kosher-house/kosher-importedproducts/</ref><ref>https://fr.shopping.rakuten.com/s/basket+ami</ref><ref>https://fr.shopping.rakuten.com/s/basket+ami</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://estbearnbasketblog.com/tag/ebb/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-13 |archive-date=2023-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313120456/https://estbearnbasketblog.com/tag/ebb/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.vinted.fr/hommes/chaussures/baskets/2324254427-ami-basket</ref> == Icyubahiro == '''Igice cya 3 cya Maroc''' * '''Ba nyampinga (1):''' 2015–16 == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Maroke]] 8t1360afe1rrcoferncfoaq1wyuhwip 0 16451 132498 132382 2026-06-21T20:44:39Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|useImage=Aaron Tshibola (cropped).jpg|excludeProperties=Q18128872}} '''Aaron Tshibola'''(wavutse taliki ya 2 Mutarama 1995) ni umukinnyi w’umupira w’amaguru wabigize umwuga ukina hagati mu kibuga nk’umukinnyi wo hagati uri ndaza. Akinira [[Kilmarnock F.C.|ikipe ya Kilmarnock]]. Yavukiye mu Bwongereza ariko ahagararira [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|DR Congo]] ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Yavukiye i London, yanyuze mu ishuri ry’umupira w’amaguru rya [[Reading F.C.|Reading]] mbere yo kwerekeza muri [[:en:Aston_Villa_F.C.|Aston Villa]] mu 2016. Yatijwe mu makipe arimo [[Hartlepool United F.C.|Hartlepool United]], [[Nottingham Forest F.C.|Nottingham Forest]] na [[Milton Keynes Dons F.C.|Milton Keynes Dons]], ndetse no muri [[Kilmarnock F.C.|Kilmarnock]] yo muri Ecosse. Yanakiniye mu Bubiligi muri [[Waasland Beveren]] no muri Portugal muri [[C.D. Aves|Aves]]. ==Ubuzima bwa mbere== Tshibola yavukiye mu Karere ka [[London Borough of Newham]] mu Bwongereza .<ref name="ENFA">{{cite web | title = Player search | url = http://www.enfa.co.uk/ | publisher = English National Football Archive | accessdate = 11 December 2014 | url-access = registration | archive-date = 19 September 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180919195109/http://enfa.co.uk/ | url-status = dead }}</ref> ==Umwuga we muma kipe== Tshibola yinjiye mu ishuri rya [[Reading F.C.|Reading]] afite imyaka 13<ref name="Reading profile">{{cite web|title=Aaron Tshibola |url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/team/player-profile/aaron-tshibola/18 |publisher=Reading F.C |accessdate=23 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008042010/http://www.readingfc.co.uk/team/player-profile/aaron-tshibola/18 |archive-date=8 October 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> asinya amasezerano ya mbere nk’umukinnyi wabigize umwuga muri Werurwe 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10306~2304375,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110305235650/http://www.readingfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0%2C%2C10306~2304375%2C00.html |archive-date=5 March 2011 |title=Tanner and Tshibola sign on |publisher=Reading F.C |accessdate=28 March 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Aston Villa=== Taliki ya 10 Nyakanga 2016, yimukiye muri [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]] ku masezerano y’imyaka ine(4).<ref>{{cite web|title=Tshibola completes Villa Park move|url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/news/article/2016-17/tshibola-departs-madejski-stadium-to-sign-for-aston-villa-3177097.aspx|website=readingfc.co.uk|publisher=Reading F.C.|accessdate=10 July 2016|date=10 July 2016}}</ref> ==Umwuga mpuzamahanga== Tshibola yakiniye [[:en:England_national_under-18_football_team|Ubwongereza U18]] mu 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/news/article/england-trio-play-tonight-695061.aspx |title=Trio make England bow |publisher=Reading F.C. |accessdate=28 March 2015 |date=6 March 2013}}</ref> Nyuma yemerewe guhagararira [[DR Congo national football team|DR Congo]] kubera inkomoko ye.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thetilehurstend.sbnation.com/2013/8/6/4593404/the-aaron-tshibola-interview-reading-fc |title=The Aaron Tshibola Interview |date=6 August 2013 |publisher=SB Nation.com|accessdate=10 July 2016}}</ref> ==Ibihembo== '''Reading U21''' * [[:en:Premier_League_Cup_(football)|U21 Premier League Cup:]] 2013–14<ref name="Reading profile"/> '''Gençlerbirliği''' * [[:en:TSYD_Cup|TSYD Cup:]] 2021–22<ref>{{Cite web |title=TSYD Ankara Kupası Gençlerbirliği'nin |url=https://www.ntvspor.net/futbol/tsyd-ankara-kupasi-genclerbirligi-nin-610ee72d0ee4c60bec29b5ad |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=NTVSpor.net |language=tr}}</ref> ==AMASHAKIRO;== {{reflist}} 11k4lhtctfdmahkwcp0xwy4iyzszlld 132499 132498 2026-06-21T20:45:16Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|useImage=Aaron Tshibola (cropped).jpg|excludeProperties=Q18128872}} '''Aaron Tshibola'''(wavutse taliki ya 2 Mutarama 1995) ni umukinnyi w’umupira w’amaguru wabigize umwuga ukina hagati mu kibuga nk’umukinnyi wo hagati. Akinira [[Kilmarnock F.C.|ikipe ya Kilmarnock]]. Yavukiye mu Bwongereza ariko ahagararira [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|DR Congo]] ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Yavukiye i London, yanyuze mu ishuri ry’umupira w’amaguru rya [[Reading F.C.|Reading]] mbere yo kwerekeza muri [[:en:Aston_Villa_F.C.|Aston Villa]] mu 2016. Yatijwe mu makipe arimo [[Hartlepool United F.C.|Hartlepool United]], [[Nottingham Forest F.C.|Nottingham Forest]] na [[Milton Keynes Dons F.C.|Milton Keynes Dons]], ndetse no muri [[Kilmarnock F.C.|Kilmarnock]] yo muri Ecosse. Yanakiniye mu Bubiligi muri [[Waasland Beveren]] no muri Portugal muri [[C.D. Aves|Aves]]. ==Ubuzima bwa mbere== Tshibola yavukiye mu Karere ka [[London Borough of Newham]] mu Bwongereza .<ref name="ENFA">{{cite web | title = Player search | url = http://www.enfa.co.uk/ | publisher = English National Football Archive | accessdate = 11 December 2014 | url-access = registration | archive-date = 19 September 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180919195109/http://enfa.co.uk/ | url-status = dead }}</ref> ==Umwuga we muma kipe== Tshibola yinjiye mu ishuri rya [[Reading F.C.|Reading]] afite imyaka 13<ref name="Reading profile">{{cite web|title=Aaron Tshibola |url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/team/player-profile/aaron-tshibola/18 |publisher=Reading F.C |accessdate=23 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008042010/http://www.readingfc.co.uk/team/player-profile/aaron-tshibola/18 |archive-date=8 October 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> asinya amasezerano ya mbere nk’umukinnyi wabigize umwuga muri Werurwe 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10306~2304375,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110305235650/http://www.readingfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0%2C%2C10306~2304375%2C00.html |archive-date=5 March 2011 |title=Tanner and Tshibola sign on |publisher=Reading F.C |accessdate=28 March 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Aston Villa=== Taliki ya 10 Nyakanga 2016, yimukiye muri [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]] ku masezerano y’imyaka ine(4).<ref>{{cite web|title=Tshibola completes Villa Park move|url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/news/article/2016-17/tshibola-departs-madejski-stadium-to-sign-for-aston-villa-3177097.aspx|website=readingfc.co.uk|publisher=Reading F.C.|accessdate=10 July 2016|date=10 July 2016}}</ref> ==Umwuga mpuzamahanga== Tshibola yakiniye [[:en:England_national_under-18_football_team|Ubwongereza U18]] mu 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/news/article/england-trio-play-tonight-695061.aspx |title=Trio make England bow |publisher=Reading F.C. |accessdate=28 March 2015 |date=6 March 2013}}</ref> Nyuma yemerewe guhagararira [[DR Congo national football team|DR Congo]] kubera inkomoko ye.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thetilehurstend.sbnation.com/2013/8/6/4593404/the-aaron-tshibola-interview-reading-fc |title=The Aaron Tshibola Interview |date=6 August 2013 |publisher=SB Nation.com|accessdate=10 July 2016}}</ref> ==Ibihembo== '''Reading U21''' * [[:en:Premier_League_Cup_(football)|U21 Premier League Cup:]] 2013–14<ref name="Reading profile"/> '''Gençlerbirliği''' * [[:en:TSYD_Cup|TSYD Cup:]] 2021–22<ref>{{Cite web |title=TSYD Ankara Kupası Gençlerbirliği'nin |url=https://www.ntvspor.net/futbol/tsyd-ankara-kupasi-genclerbirligi-nin-610ee72d0ee4c60bec29b5ad |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=NTVSpor.net |language=tr}}</ref> ==AMASHAKIRO;== {{reflist}} 5pxq9lubd9s521b5m8vqpksdxpwybt7 0 16584 132457 123306 2026-06-21T17:39:13Z B.Scalling 15089 132457 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Inyundo1.jpg|thumb|Inyundo nk'igikoresho gikoreshwa mu mashuri y'ubwubatsi ]] [[Dosiye:Mosque_in_Akro_Senior_High_Technical_School.jpg|thumb|aho bakorere paliki mu gihe bagiye kwiga kubaka ]] '''INTANGIRIRO''' Leta y’u [[Rwanda]] yashyizeho gahunda yo guteza imbere amashuri y’ubumenyi ngiro cyane cyane mu rubyiruko. Ugendeye kubigaragara nuko byibuze mu mwaka 2024 abagera kuri 60 % bazaba bararangije amashuri y’ubumenyi ngiro.Ibi bizafasha kugabanya umubare w’ubushomeri ndetse  no kongera ishoramari mu gihugu. Aya mashuri ashimangira inyigisho zigendeye kubikorwa (practice).Aha buri munyeshuri afashwa kugaragaza icyo ashoboye gukora cyizamugirira akamaro kikagirira n’igihugu muri rusange. == '''Ese uburyo bwo kwiga imyuga mu Rwanda bugeze he?''' == Muri rusange leta yu [[Rwanda]] yashyizeho aya mashuri ibona ko afitiye igihugu akamaro kuko urebye neza uzanga ibikoresho byinshi twifashisha mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi biba byarakozwe hifashishijwe ubumenyi buturuka muri aya mashuri. Leta yagerageje kubaka amashuri hirya no hino mu gihugu ndetse no gutanga ibikoresho byibanze bikenewe kugirango aya masomo ashobore kwigwa nta nkomyi.Hari abarimu babifitiye ubushobozi bafasha abanyeshuri kumva neza isomo ndetse no kuri koresha mu buzima bwa buri munsi. '''Imyumvire ihagaze ite kubijyanye n’amashuri y’imyuga?''' Ubu U Rwanda rufite imishinga miremire igamije guteza imbere aya mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro.Ntibigarukira aho kuko yashyize n’imbaraga mu kwigisha abaturage ibijyanye n’ibyiza byo kwiga aya mashuri. Urugendo ruracyari rurerure muguteza imbere aya mashuri ndetse no gushimangira ibyiza byayo mu rubyiruko ariko ubu abantu basobanukiwe neza n’ibyiza y’amashuri ndetse batangiye no gushishikariza abana babo kwiyumvamo ubushobozi no kubona mahirwe muri aya mashuri ==== indanganturo ==== [https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/abiga-imyuga-n-ubumenyi-ngiro-batsinze-neza-kurusha-abo-mu-bumenyi-rusange Abiga imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro batsinze neza kurusha abo mu bumenyi rusange - Kigali Today] 943z1srr64c63blox1dv6pnvnye1a1q 132458 132457 2026-06-21T17:40:57Z B.Scalling 15089 132458 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Inyundo1.jpg|thumb|Inyundo nk'igikoresho gikoreshwa mu mashuri y'ubwubatsi ]] [[Dosiye:Mosque_in_Akro_Senior_High_Technical_School.jpg|thumb|aho bakorere paliki mu gihe bagiye kwiga kubaka ]] '''INTANGIRIRO''' Leta y’u [[Rwanda]] yashyizeho gahunda yo guteza imbere [[Amashuri Makuru|amashuri]] y’ubumenyi ngiro cyane cyane mu rubyiruko. Ugendeye kubigaragara nuko byibuze mu mwaka 2024 abagera kuri 60 % bazaba bararangije amashuri y’ubumenyi ngiro.Ibi bizafasha kugabanya umubare w’ubushomeri ndetse  no kongera ishoramari mu gihugu. Aya mashuri ashimangira inyigisho zigendeye kubikorwa (practice).Aha buri munyeshuri afashwa kugaragaza icyo ashoboye gukora cyizamugirira akamaro kikagirira n’igihugu muri rusange. '''Ese uburyo bwo kwiga imyuga mu Rwanda bugeze he?''' Muri rusange leta yu [[Rwanda]] yashyizeho aya mashuri ibona ko afitiye igihugu akamaro kuko urebye neza uzanga ibikoresho byinshi twifashisha mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi biba byarakozwe hifashishijwe ubumenyi buturuka muri aya mashuri. Leta yagerageje kubaka amashuri hirya no hino mu gihugu ndetse no gutanga ibikoresho byibanze bikenewe kugirango aya masomo ashobore kwigwa nta nkomyi.Hari abarimu babifitiye ubushobozi bafasha abanyeshuri kumva neza isomo ndetse no kuri koresha mu buzima bwa buri munsi. '''Imyumvire ihagaze ite kubijyanye n’amashuri y’imyuga?''' Ubu U Rwanda rufite imishinga miremire igamije guteza imbere aya mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro.Ntibigarukira aho kuko yashyize n’imbaraga mu kwigisha abaturage ibijyanye n’ibyiza byo kwiga aya mashuri. Urugendo ruracyari rurerure muguteza imbere aya mashuri ndetse no gushimangira ibyiza byayo mu rubyiruko ariko ubu abantu basobanukiwe neza n’ibyiza y’amashuri ndetse batangiye no gushishikariza abana babo kwiyumvamo ubushobozi no kubona mahirwe muri aya mashuri ==== indanganturo ==== [https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/abiga-imyuga-n-ubumenyi-ngiro-batsinze-neza-kurusha-abo-mu-bumenyi-rusange Abiga imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro batsinze neza kurusha abo mu bumenyi rusange - Kigali Today] jsxetovfuhdoqn0y3bc38myylashtqg 132459 132458 2026-06-21T17:44:23Z B.Scalling 15089 132459 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Inyundo1.jpg|thumb|Inyundo nk'igikoresho gikoreshwa mu mashuri y'ubwubatsi ]] [[Dosiye:Mosque_in_Akro_Senior_High_Technical_School.jpg|thumb|aho bakorere paliki mu gihe bagiye kwiga kubaka ]] '''INTANGIRIRO''' Leta y’u [[Rwanda]] yashyizeho gahunda yo guteza imbere amashuri y’ubumenyi ngiro cyane cyane mu rubyiruko. Ugendeye kubigaragara nuko byibuze mu mwaka 2024 abagera kuri 60 % bazaba bararangije amashuri y’ubumenyi ngiro.Ibi bizafasha kugabanya umubare w’ubushomeri ndetse  no kongera ishoramari mu gihugu. Aya mashuri ashimangira inyigisho zigendeye kubikorwa (practice).Aha buri munyeshuri afashwa kugaragaza icyo ashoboye gukora cyizamugirira akamaro kikagirira n’igihugu muri rusange. '''Ese uburyo bwo kwiga imyuga mu Rwanda bugeze he?''' Muri rusange leta yu [[Rwanda]] yashyizeho aya mashuri ibona ko afitiye igihugu akamaro kuko urebye neza uzanga ibikoresho byinshi twifashisha mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi biba byarakozwe hifashishijwe ubumenyi buturuka muri aya mashuri. Leta yagerageje kubaka amashuri hirya no hino mu gihugu ndetse no gutanga ibikoresho byibanze bikenewe kugirango aya masomo ashobore kwigwa nta nkomyi.Hari abarimu babifitiye ubushobozi bafasha abanyeshuri kumva neza isomo ndetse no kuri koresha mu buzima bwa buri munsi. '''Imyumvire ihagaze ite kubijyanye n’amashuri y’imyuga?''' Ubu U Rwanda rufite imishinga miremire igamije guteza imbere aya mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro.Ntibigarukira aho kuko yashyize n’imbaraga mu kwigisha abaturage ibijyanye n’ibyiza byo kwiga aya mashuri. Urugendo ruracyari rurerure muguteza imbere aya mashuri ndetse no gushimangira ibyiza byayo mu rubyiruko ariko ubu abantu basobanukiwe neza n’ibyiza y’amashuri ndetse batangiye no gushishikariza [[abana]] babo kwiyumvamo ubushobozi no kubona mahirwe muri aya mashuri ==== indanganturo ==== [https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/abiga-imyuga-n-ubumenyi-ngiro-batsinze-neza-kurusha-abo-mu-bumenyi-rusange Abiga imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro batsinze neza kurusha abo mu bumenyi rusange - Kigali Today] erp2687hpmpqlviukvop57x1qt29h1k 0 17431 132526 128939 2026-06-22T07:09:01Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132526 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''Rugigana Evariste''' ( yavutse ku ya 17 Mata 1982 ) ni umunyarwanda, akaba impuguke mu bukungu akaba ari umunyapolitiki . [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Kuva ku ya 3 Nzeri 2023, Evariste yabaye umuyobozi mukuru w'ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa rusange by'u Rwanda ( RURA ). ni Itegeko [[Rwanda|ry’u Rwanda]] n ° 09/2013 ryo ku wa 01/03/2013 kugenzura ibikorwa rusange birimo gushyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho wo gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko n'amabwiriza akurikizwa no kwemeza ko ibikorwa rusange byubahirizwa n'ibiteganywa n'amategeko n'amabwiriza agenga amategeko agenga mirenge muburyo bufite intego, buboneye kandi butavangura. <ref>https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/CulturalRights/ConsultationImpactAdvertising/Rwanda_NHRI.pdf</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ashimwe |first=Edwin |date=2023-09-04 |title=Kagame appoints new Western Province governor, heads of govt institutions |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/10499/news/politics/kagame-appoints-new-western-province-governor-heads-of-govt-institutions |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=The New Times |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adigun |first=Olalekan |date=2023-09-05 |title=President Kagame Announces Appointments of Western Province Governor and Government Institution Heads |url=https://bnn.network/politics/president-kagame-announces-appointments-of-western-province-governor-and-government-institution-heads/ |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=BNN Breaking |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-09-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905064755/https://bnn.network/politics/president-kagame-announces-appointments-of-western-province-governor-and-government-institution-heads/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mbere yo gushyirwaho yabaye umuyobozi w’inama [[Inama y’Abaminisitiri|y’abaminisitiri mu Rwanda]] ku biro bya Minisitiri w’intebe, [[Édouard Ngirente|Edouard Ngirente]] kuva muri Mata 2018 kugeza muri Nzeri 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 10, 2018 |title=New Prime Minister's Office appointees take office |url=https://en.igihe.com/news/new-prime-minister-s-office-appointees-take |access-date=September 16, 2023 |website=Igihe.com |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026071536/https://en.igihe.com/news/new-prime-minister-s-office-appointees-take |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tabaro |first=Jean de la Croix |date=2018-04-06 |title=President Kagame Reshuffles Cabinet |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/04/president-kagame-reshuffles-cabinet/ |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=KT PRESS |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ubuzima bwambere n'uburere == Evariste yavutse ku ya 17 Mata 1982 i Mbarara, mu burengerazuba bwa [[Ubugande|Uganda]] . Nyuma yo kwiga amashuri abanza aho Evariste yinjiye mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya Makerere arangiza impamyabumenyi y'amashuri yisumbuye. Nyuma yinjiye muri kaminuza ya Makerere, [[Ubugande|muri Uganda]] aho yarangirije afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu by'ubukungu yakuye muri icyo kigo mu 2006. Mu mwaka wa 2011, Evariste yongeye kwiyandikisha mu mpamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu igenamigambi ry'imicungire n'imicungire y'ishuri rya Maastricht School of Management, [[Ubuholandi|mu Buholandi]], arangiza muri uwo mwaka. Mu 2013, yabonye impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu by'ubukungu yakuye mu kigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe impamyabumenyi ya Politiki, Tokiyo, mu [[Ubuyapani|Buyapani]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagire |first=Edmund |date=2023-09-04 |title=New Appointments: Western Province, RURA, Water & Energy Utilities Get New Heads |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2023/09/new-appointments-western-province-rura-water-energy-utilities-get-new-heads/ |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=KT PRESS |language=en-US}}</ref> == Umwuga == Evariste yatangiye umwuga we wungirije umwarimu muri [[Kaminuza y'u Rwanda|kaminuza yu Rwanda]] muri 2007. Mu 2009 yimukiye kuba umuyobozi ushinzwe imisoro mu [[Ikigo cy'u Rwanda gishinzwe Imisoro n'Amahoro|Rwanda Revenue Authority]] kugeza muri 2010. Mu mwaka wa 2010, Evariste yagizwe umusesenguzi wa politiki y’ubukungu mu biro by’u Rwanda bya Minisitiri w’intebe [[Bernard Makuza]] kugeza mu Kwakira 2013, yazamuwe mu ntera n’inama y’abaminisitiri y’u Rwanda muri 2014 kugira ngo abere umujyanama w’ubukungu wa Minisitiri w’intebe icyo gihe Pierre Damien Habumuremyi hanyuma nyuma Anastase Murekezi kugeza muri Kamena 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Remy |first=Dusingizimana |title=Perezida Kagame yashyizeho Guverineri mushya w'Intara y'Iburengerazuba n'abayobozi b'ibigo bikomeye mu Rwanda |url=https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-rwanda/politiki/article/perezida-kagame-yashyizeho-guverineri-mushya-w-intara-y-iburengerazuba-n |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=Umuryango.rw |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Siborurema |title=Ibyemezo by'inama y'abaminisitiri yo kuwa gatanu tariki ya 10 Kanama 2012 {{!}} Rwandinfo-Kinyarwanda |url=https://rwandinfo.com/kinya/ibyemezo-byinama-yabaminisitiri-yo-kuwa-gatanu-tariki-ya-10-kanama-2012/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> Evariste yakoze muri USAID umwaka umwe kuva muri Kamena 2016 kugeza Gicurasi 2017 nk'uhagarariye igihugu cy'u Rwanda muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba Ubucuruzi n'ishoramari Hub, umushinga w’ibendera rya [[Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika|leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika]] ( 2014–2019 ) muri gahunda ya perezida w’ubucuruzi muri Afurika, wagize uruhare mu kuzamura ubucuruzi bw’Amerika na Afurika ndetse ishoramari, kwishyira hamwe kwakarere, no guhangana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USAID East Africa Trade and Investment Hub {{!}} Trade for Development News |url=https://trade4devnews.enhancedif.org/en/usaid-east-africa-trade-and-investment-hub |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=trade4devnews.enhancedif.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-05 |title=East Africa exports to the US hit $1bn in the year to September 2018 |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/east-africa-exports-to-the-us-hit-1bn-in-the-year-to-september-2018--1409510 |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=The East African |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026071525/https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/east-africa-exports-to-the-us-hit-1bn-in-the-year-to-september-2018--1409510 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Tom |date=2017-10-12 |title=GroFin secures $10m USAID grant to back East African agribusinesses |url=https://disrupt-africa.com/2017/10/12/grofin-secures-10m-usaid-grant-to-back-east-african-agribusinesses/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=Disrupt Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> Muri Kamena 2017 , Evariste yagarutse ku biro bya minisitiri w’intebe, akora nk'umujyanama mukuru mu by'ubukungu mbere yuko ashyirwaho na perezida [[Paul Kagame]] muri Mata 2018 nk'umuyobozi w’ibikorwa [[Inama y’Abaminisitiri|by’inama y’abaminisitiri]] mu Rwanda mu biro bya Minisitiri w’intebe [[Édouard Ngirente|Edouard Ngirente]], akora kugeza muri Nzeri 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-04 |title=BREAKING: Perezida Kagame yashyize abayobozi mu myanya itandukanye |url=https://radiotv10.rw/perezida-kagame-yashyize-abayobozi-mu-myanya-itandukanye/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=RADIOTV10 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-18 |title=Prime Minister Nabbanja meets her Rwandan counterpart Dr Edouard Ngirente – Pearl Fm Uganda |url=https://pearlfmuganda.com/prime-minister-nabbanja-meets-her-rwandan-counterpart-dr-edouard-ngirente/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026071525/https://pearlfmuganda.com/prime-minister-nabbanja-meets-her-rwandan-counterpart-dr-edouard-ngirente/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Amb.Gatete Claver yagizwe Minisitiri w'Ibikorwa Remezo asimbura Musoni James - Inyarwanda.com |url=https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/81354/abayobozi-81354.html |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=inyarwanda.com |language=en}}</ref> Ku ya 3 Nzeri 2023, Evariste yongeye kugenwa na perezida [[Paul Kagame]] nk'umuyobozi mukuru w'ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa rusange by’u Rwanda (RURA), ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa bya guverinoma y'u Rwanda ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu bijyanye na ICT, serivisi z’amaposita, ingufu, amazi, isuku, [[Transport mu Rwanda|ubwikorezi]], Kurinda Imirase . <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) guidelines – Policies |url=https://www.iea.org/policies/7995-rwanda-utilities-regulatory-authority-rura-guidelines |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=IEA |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jd |first=Tuyizere |date=2023-09-26 |title=Twakoraga nk'abashaka amafaranga gusa: Umuyobozi wa RURA - Bwiza.com |url=https://bwiza.com/?Twakoraga-nk-abashaka-amafaranga-gusa-Umuyobozi-wa-RURA |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=bwiza.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Ni umwe mu bagize Inama Nyobozi y’ishyirahamwe rishinzwe kugenzura ingufu muri Afurika y’iburasirazuba ( EREA ). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Executive Council |url=https://energyregulators.org/executive-committee/ |access-date=2023-09-22 |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20231026071526/https://www.rura.rw/index.php?id=23 RURA] * Ishyirahamwe rishinzwe ingufu muri Afrika yuburasirazuba == Reba == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi]] 0iy0sai4lwilop3psybe2wnus2qc12j 132527 132526 2026-06-22T07:10:15Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132527 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''Rugigana Evariste''' ( yavutse ku ya 17 Mata 1982 ) ni [[Abanyarwanda|umunyarwanda]], akaba impuguke mu bukungu akaba ari umunyapolitiki . Kuva ku ya 3 Nzeri 2023, Evariste yabaye umuyobozi mukuru w'ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa rusange by'u Rwanda ( RURA ). ni Itegeko [[Rwanda|ry’u Rwanda]] n ° 09/2013 ryo ku wa 01/03/2013 kugenzura ibikorwa rusange birimo gushyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho wo gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko n'amabwiriza akurikizwa no kwemeza ko ibikorwa rusange byubahirizwa n'ibiteganywa n'amategeko n'amabwiriza agenga amategeko agenga mirenge muburyo bufite intego, buboneye kandi butavangura. <ref>https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/CulturalRights/ConsultationImpactAdvertising/Rwanda_NHRI.pdf</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ashimwe |first=Edwin |date=2023-09-04 |title=Kagame appoints new Western Province governor, heads of govt institutions |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/10499/news/politics/kagame-appoints-new-western-province-governor-heads-of-govt-institutions |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=The New Times |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adigun |first=Olalekan |date=2023-09-05 |title=President Kagame Announces Appointments of Western Province Governor and Government Institution Heads |url=https://bnn.network/politics/president-kagame-announces-appointments-of-western-province-governor-and-government-institution-heads/ |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=BNN Breaking |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-09-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905064755/https://bnn.network/politics/president-kagame-announces-appointments-of-western-province-governor-and-government-institution-heads/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mbere yo gushyirwaho yabaye umuyobozi w’inama [[Inama y’Abaminisitiri|y’abaminisitiri mu Rwanda]] ku biro bya Minisitiri w’intebe, [[Édouard Ngirente|Edouard Ngirente]] kuva muri Mata 2018 kugeza muri Nzeri 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 10, 2018 |title=New Prime Minister's Office appointees take office |url=https://en.igihe.com/news/new-prime-minister-s-office-appointees-take |access-date=September 16, 2023 |website=Igihe.com |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026071536/https://en.igihe.com/news/new-prime-minister-s-office-appointees-take |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tabaro |first=Jean de la Croix |date=2018-04-06 |title=President Kagame Reshuffles Cabinet |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/04/president-kagame-reshuffles-cabinet/ |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=KT PRESS |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Ubuzima bwambere n'uburere == Evariste yavutse ku ya 17 Mata 1982 i Mbarara, mu burengerazuba bwa [[Ubugande|Uganda]] . Nyuma yo kwiga amashuri abanza aho Evariste yinjiye mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya Makerere arangiza impamyabumenyi y'amashuri yisumbuye. Nyuma yinjiye muri kaminuza ya Makerere, [[Ubugande|muri Uganda]] aho yarangirije afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu by'ubukungu yakuye muri icyo kigo mu 2006. Mu mwaka wa 2011, Evariste yongeye kwiyandikisha mu mpamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu igenamigambi ry'imicungire n'imicungire y'ishuri rya Maastricht School of Management, [[Ubuholandi|mu Buholandi]], arangiza muri uwo mwaka. Mu 2013, yabonye impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu by'ubukungu yakuye mu kigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe impamyabumenyi ya Politiki, Tokiyo, mu [[Ubuyapani|Buyapani]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagire |first=Edmund |date=2023-09-04 |title=New Appointments: Western Province, RURA, Water & Energy Utilities Get New Heads |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2023/09/new-appointments-western-province-rura-water-energy-utilities-get-new-heads/ |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=KT PRESS |language=en-US}}</ref> == Umwuga == Evariste yatangiye umwuga we wungirije umwarimu muri [[Kaminuza y'u Rwanda|kaminuza yu Rwanda]] muri 2007. Mu 2009 yimukiye kuba umuyobozi ushinzwe imisoro mu [[Ikigo cy'u Rwanda gishinzwe Imisoro n'Amahoro|Rwanda Revenue Authority]] kugeza muri 2010. Mu mwaka wa 2010, Evariste yagizwe umusesenguzi wa politiki y’ubukungu mu biro by’u Rwanda bya Minisitiri w’intebe [[Bernard Makuza]] kugeza mu Kwakira 2013, yazamuwe mu ntera n’inama y’abaminisitiri y’u Rwanda muri 2014 kugira ngo abere umujyanama w’ubukungu wa Minisitiri w’intebe icyo gihe Pierre Damien Habumuremyi hanyuma nyuma Anastase Murekezi kugeza muri Kamena 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Remy |first=Dusingizimana |title=Perezida Kagame yashyizeho Guverineri mushya w'Intara y'Iburengerazuba n'abayobozi b'ibigo bikomeye mu Rwanda |url=https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-rwanda/politiki/article/perezida-kagame-yashyizeho-guverineri-mushya-w-intara-y-iburengerazuba-n |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=Umuryango.rw |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Siborurema |title=Ibyemezo by'inama y'abaminisitiri yo kuwa gatanu tariki ya 10 Kanama 2012 {{!}} Rwandinfo-Kinyarwanda |url=https://rwandinfo.com/kinya/ibyemezo-byinama-yabaminisitiri-yo-kuwa-gatanu-tariki-ya-10-kanama-2012/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> Evariste yakoze muri USAID umwaka umwe kuva muri Kamena 2016 kugeza Gicurasi 2017 nk'uhagarariye igihugu cy'u Rwanda muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba Ubucuruzi n'ishoramari Hub, umushinga w’ibendera rya [[Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika|leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika]] ( 2014–2019 ) muri gahunda ya perezida w’ubucuruzi muri Afurika, wagize uruhare mu kuzamura ubucuruzi bw’Amerika na Afurika ndetse ishoramari, kwishyira hamwe kwakarere, no guhangana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USAID East Africa Trade and Investment Hub {{!}} Trade for Development News |url=https://trade4devnews.enhancedif.org/en/usaid-east-africa-trade-and-investment-hub |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=trade4devnews.enhancedif.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-05 |title=East Africa exports to the US hit $1bn in the year to September 2018 |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/east-africa-exports-to-the-us-hit-1bn-in-the-year-to-september-2018--1409510 |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=The East African |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026071525/https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/east-africa-exports-to-the-us-hit-1bn-in-the-year-to-september-2018--1409510 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Tom |date=2017-10-12 |title=GroFin secures $10m USAID grant to back East African agribusinesses |url=https://disrupt-africa.com/2017/10/12/grofin-secures-10m-usaid-grant-to-back-east-african-agribusinesses/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=Disrupt Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> Muri Kamena 2017 , Evariste yagarutse ku biro bya minisitiri w’intebe, akora nk'umujyanama mukuru mu by'ubukungu mbere yuko ashyirwaho na perezida [[Paul Kagame]] muri Mata 2018 nk'umuyobozi w’ibikorwa [[Inama y’Abaminisitiri|by’inama y’abaminisitiri]] mu Rwanda mu biro bya Minisitiri w’intebe [[Édouard Ngirente|Edouard Ngirente]], akora kugeza muri Nzeri 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-04 |title=BREAKING: Perezida Kagame yashyize abayobozi mu myanya itandukanye |url=https://radiotv10.rw/perezida-kagame-yashyize-abayobozi-mu-myanya-itandukanye/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=RADIOTV10 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-18 |title=Prime Minister Nabbanja meets her Rwandan counterpart Dr Edouard Ngirente – Pearl Fm Uganda |url=https://pearlfmuganda.com/prime-minister-nabbanja-meets-her-rwandan-counterpart-dr-edouard-ngirente/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026071525/https://pearlfmuganda.com/prime-minister-nabbanja-meets-her-rwandan-counterpart-dr-edouard-ngirente/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Amb.Gatete Claver yagizwe Minisitiri w'Ibikorwa Remezo asimbura Musoni James - Inyarwanda.com |url=https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/81354/abayobozi-81354.html |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=inyarwanda.com |language=en}}</ref> Ku ya 3 Nzeri 2023, Evariste yongeye kugenwa na perezida [[Paul Kagame]] nk'umuyobozi mukuru w'ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa rusange by’u Rwanda (RURA), ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa bya guverinoma y'u Rwanda ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu bijyanye na ICT, serivisi z’amaposita, ingufu, amazi, isuku, [[Transport mu Rwanda|ubwikorezi]], Kurinda Imirase . <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) guidelines – Policies |url=https://www.iea.org/policies/7995-rwanda-utilities-regulatory-authority-rura-guidelines |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=IEA |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jd |first=Tuyizere |date=2023-09-26 |title=Twakoraga nk'abashaka amafaranga gusa: Umuyobozi wa RURA - Bwiza.com |url=https://bwiza.com/?Twakoraga-nk-abashaka-amafaranga-gusa-Umuyobozi-wa-RURA |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=bwiza.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Ni umwe mu bagize Inama Nyobozi y’ishyirahamwe rishinzwe kugenzura ingufu muri Afurika y’iburasirazuba ( EREA ). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Executive Council |url=https://energyregulators.org/executive-committee/ |access-date=2023-09-22 |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20231026071526/https://www.rura.rw/index.php?id=23 RURA] * Ishyirahamwe rishinzwe ingufu muri Afrika yuburasirazuba == Reba == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi]] ppd0zgixcwgooswnbqdkce6zeyjcq4y 0 17494 132454 120484 2026-06-21T16:51:54Z HiAmos 18412 Nongeye andi makuru 132454 wikitext text/x-wiki Jean Marie Vianney Gatabazi ni umwe mu bayobozi bo mu Rwanda wagize uruhare rukomeye mu miyoborere y’Igihugu. Muri impinduka zakozwe mu buyobozi bwa Leta, yagizwe Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu, aho yasimbuye Prof Shyaka Anastase<ref>https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/gatabazi-jean-marie-vianney-yagizwe-minisitiri-w-ubutegetsi-bw-igihugu-mu</ref>. Mbere yo kugirwa Minisitiri, Gatabazi yari Guverineri w’Intara y’Amajyaruguru kuva mu 2017, aho yari ashinzwe guhuza ibikorwa by’iterambere n’imiyoborere myiza mu ntara. Mbere yaho kandi yari amaze imyaka igera kuri 14 ari Umudepite mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda, ibintu byamuhaye ubunararibonye mu bijyanye n’imiyoborere n’amategeko.<ref>https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-rwanda/politiki/article/biravugwa-gatabazi-jmv-wahoze-muri-guverinoma-yaba-afunzwe</ref> == UBUZIMA BWITE == Gatabazi yavukiye mukarere ka gicumbi kuwa 18/10/1968 muntara ya amajyaruguru, yize amashuri abanza muri mirindi ndetse na ayisumbuye muri EAV kabutare. == AMASHAKIRO == 62mzayvj03t0pkg8piggl259l0ygkbg 132455 132454 2026-06-21T17:03:34Z HiAmos 18412 Nongeye andi makuru 132455 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean Marie Vianney Gatabazi''' ni umwe mu bayobozi bo mu Rwanda wagize uruhare rukomeye mu miyoborere y’Igihugu. Muri impinduka zakozwe mu buyobozi bwa Leta, yagizwe Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu, aho yasimbuye Prof Shyaka Anastase<ref>https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/gatabazi-jean-marie-vianney-yagizwe-minisitiri-w-ubutegetsi-bw-igihugu-mu</ref>. Mbere yo kugirwa Minisitiri, Gatabazi yari Guverineri w’Intara y’Amajyaruguru kuva mu 2017, aho yari ashinzwe guhuza ibikorwa by’iterambere n’imiyoborere myiza mu ntara. Mbere yaho kandi yari amaze imyaka igera kuri 14 ari Umudepite mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda, ibintu byamuhaye ubunararibonye mu bijyanye n’imiyoborere n’amategeko.<ref>https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-rwanda/politiki/article/biravugwa-gatabazi-jmv-wahoze-muri-guverinoma-yaba-afunzwe</ref> === UBUZIMA BWITE === Jean Marie Vianney Gatabazi yavukiye ku wa 18 Kanama 1968 i Makarange mu Karere ka '''Gicumbi'''. Yize amashuri abanza muri '''Mulindi Primary School''', akomereza ayisumbuye muri '''EAV Kabutare'''. Afite impamyabumenyi ya BBA mu '''micungire''' (Management) ndetse na MBA mu micungire y’igenamigambi (Strategic Management) yakuye muri '''Mount Kenya University'''<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/122755/Lifestyle/mp-gatabazi-talks-family-politics-and-heforshe-campaign</ref>. ====== AMASHAKIRO ====== 5tsn8ghgqqx0wvjuaxj0l2q1f11zd9n 0 17680 132506 117058 2026-06-21T21:31:33Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132506 wikitext text/x-wiki == IMIBEREHO Y'ABAFITE UBUMUGA == === Abafite ubumuga babayeho gute mu nzego zitandukanye z'ubuzima === === ndetse no mu bandi baturage. === [[Dosiye:Women_with_disabilities_from_a_successful_deliberation_on_how_best_to_combat_gender_based_violence.jpg|thumb|abafite ubumuga]] Mu Bwongereza habereye Inama mpuzamahanga y'abafite ubumuga irangira ibihugu bitandukanye ku isi bishyizeho ingamba zigamije kurengera abafite ubumuga n'ibibazo bitandukanye by'ingingo. [https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-babayeho-bate-mu-nzego-zitandukanye-z-ubuzima][[Dosiye:Handicapped-trader-with-assistants-at-Gisenyi-border-to-DRC_Peter-Walkenhorst.jpg|thumb|Handicapped-trader-with-assistants-at-Gisenyi-border-to-DRC Peter-Walkenhorst]] [[Dosiye:Wiki_LA_2020.jpg|thumb|abafite ubumuga]] Intego nyamukuru z'iyi nama yaruguhindura ubuzima [[Dosiye:Handicapped_boy_on_his_bicycle.jpg|thumb|abafite ubumuga ]] [[Dosiye:Ngala_maimo_wajiri_displays_amputee_football.jpg|thumb|abafite ubumuga ]] [[Dosiye:Handicapées_et_sportives.jpg|thumb|abafite ubumuga ]] bw'abafite ubumuga hibanda kuhakigaragara kutubahiriza uburenganzira bwabo, gushishikariza imiryango itandukanye guhura kandi bagashyiraho ingamba zijyanye na gahunda za Loni zirengera abafite ubumuga.[https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-babayeho-bate-mu-nzego-zitandukanye-z-ubuzima] === Mu buvuzi hakozwe iki === Ndayisaba yavuze ko nyuma yo kumenya umubare w'abafite ubumuga, habayeho no kumenya ibyiciro byabo no gutanga ubufasha ajyire aho ahera afasha.[https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-babayeho-bate-mu-nzego-zitandukanye-z-ubuzima] Yavuze ko hahise hatangwa amakarita y'abafite ubumuga. kugeza ubu ikibazo kigihari nuko [[Dosiye:Man_in_a_WheelChair.jpg|thumb|abafite ubumuga]] insimbura ngingo batarazemera ariko twaganiriye na Minisiteli zibishanzwe kandi bemera ko mu mwaka utaha nazo bazazishyiramo.[https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-babayeho-bate-mu-nzego-zitandukanye-z-ubuzima] [[Dosiye:Freind_in_need.jpg|thumb|Freind in need]] [[Dosiye:Travailler_des_handicapé.jpg|thumb|abafite ubumuga ]] [[Dosiye:Un_Cultivateur_handicape',_tenant_sa_daba_en_route_pour_le_champ.jpg|thumb|abafite ubumuga]] === AMASHAKIRO; === 1.https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-babayeho-bate-mu-nzego-zitandukanye-z-ubuzima 2.https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-babayeho-bate-mu-nzego-zitandukanye-z-ubuzima 3.https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-babayeho-bate-mu-nzego-zitandukanye-z-ubuzima 4.https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-babayeho-bate-mu-nzego-zitandukanye-z-ubuzima db55aa9biqmg8ospjieonrz6upr5ue1 0 17933 132436 108155 2026-06-21T13:48:22Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132436 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:ALLPlayer_-_free_video_player.png|thumb|right|ALLPlayer ifunguye muri mudasobwa.]] [[Dosiye:ALLPlayer Group.png|thumb|ALL player group]] '''ALLPlayer''' nI umukinnyi [[:en:Cross-platform|w'ibitangazamakuru]] [[:en:Media_player_(software)|byambukiranya imiyoboro]] hamwe na [[:en:Streaming_media|seriveri]] [[Itangazamakuru|y'ibitangazamakuru]] byanditswe na ALLPlayer Group Ltd ALLPlayer iraboneka kuri desktop [[:en:Windows|ya Windows]] hamwe na porogaramu igendanwa, nka [[:en:Android_(operating_system)|Android]], [[:en:IPad|iPad]] na [[:en:IPhone|iPhone]] [[:en:IOS|iOS]] . Porogaramu iraboneka [[:en:App_store|kububiko bwa App]], Ububiko [[:en:Google_Play|bwa Google bukinishwa]] na Microsoft [[:en:Windows_Store|Windows Ububiko]] . ALLPlayer ishyigikira imiterere ya dosiye nyinshi, harimo CD ya videwo na [[:en:Communications_protocol|protocole]] ya streaming. Irashoboye gutambutsa itangazamakuru ku rubuga rwa [[:en:Computer_network|mudasobwa]] . Ibiranga ALLPlayer byose birimo ivugurura rya codecs zikoresha, ubufatanye na subtitles seriveri (urugero: openubtitles.org) yo gukuramo subtitles mu ndimi nyinshi, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo gukina filime ya [[:en:BitTorrent|BitTorrent]] hamwe n'uruhererekane hamwe na subtitles zihuye. ALLPlayer ifite igenzura rya kure na hoteri ya clavier. Irashobora gukina mirongo niba atari yose izwi amajwi na videwo. Abamenyekanye cyane muri bo ni: 3G2, [[:en:Audio_Video_Interleave|AVI]], [[:en:Matroska|Matroska]] (MKV), [[:en:FLV|FLV]], DAT, MOV, M2TS, [[:en:MP4|MP4]], [[3GP]], [[IJWI|VOB]], MPG, APE, AU, MKA, [[MP3]], OGG, WAV na AC3, ndetse na [[Disiki yuzuye|CD]] y'amajwi, hamwe na urls. ALLPlayer irashobora gukina dosiye zuzuye, cyangwa zitarangiye, nkamadosiye agikuramo hifashishijwe [[:en:Peer-to-peer|urungano.]] (P2P). == IBIRANGA == * Gukina filime kuva [[:en:Torrent_file|.torrent]] dosiye * Gukina dosiye * Amaradiyo menshi kumurongo * Inkunga kuri monitor 4 cyangwa TV * Gukina byikora ku bice bikurikira bya filime cyangwa urukurikirane. * Inkunga ya Dolby Surround, DTS, amajwi ya 3D, SPDIF nibindi * Urutonde * EQ * Inkunga ku majwi n'amashusho, harimo videwo yo kuri YouTube * Kuzunguruka amashusho, gukosora amabara, kuzamura ubwiza * Kuzimya mudasobwa cyangwa gukurikirana nyuma ya filime * Autoresume * Ibisobanuro by'ubwenge * Dubbing * Kugenzura ababyeyi - ijambo ry'ibanga kuri dosiye == AMASHAKIRO; == * http://www.allplayer.org/en * [http://www.softpedia.com/get/Multimedia/Video/Video-Players/ALLPlayer.shtml Softpedia] [[Ikiciro:Ikoranabuhanga]] [[Ikiciro:Ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n'isakazabumenyi mu majyambere]] [[Ikiciro:Ubumuga]] [[Ikiciro:Ubufasha bwibanze]] tmt00ykw701l3kxxyjwreuobke9g7tb 132437 132436 2026-06-21T13:48:41Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132437 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:ALLPlayer_-_free_video_player.png|thumb|right|ALLPlayer ifunguye muri mudasobwa.]] [[Dosiye:ALLPlayer Group.png|thumb|ALL player group]] '''ALLPlayer''' ni umukinnyi [[:en:Cross-platform|w'ibitangazamakuru]] [[:en:Media_player_(software)|byambukiranya imiyoboro]] hamwe na [[:en:Streaming_media|seriveri]] [[Itangazamakuru|y'ibitangazamakuru]] byanditswe na ALLPlayer Group Ltd ALLPlayer iraboneka kuri desktop [[:en:Windows|ya Windows]] hamwe na porogaramu igendanwa, nka [[:en:Android_(operating_system)|Android]], [[:en:IPad|iPad]] na [[:en:IPhone|iPhone]] [[:en:IOS|iOS]] . Porogaramu iraboneka [[:en:App_store|kububiko bwa App]], Ububiko [[:en:Google_Play|bwa Google bukinishwa]] na Microsoft [[:en:Windows_Store|Windows Ububiko]] . ALLPlayer ishyigikira imiterere ya dosiye nyinshi, harimo CD ya videwo na [[:en:Communications_protocol|protocole]] ya streaming. Irashoboye gutambutsa itangazamakuru ku rubuga rwa [[:en:Computer_network|mudasobwa]] . Ibiranga ALLPlayer byose birimo ivugurura rya codecs zikoresha, ubufatanye na subtitles seriveri (urugero: openubtitles.org) yo gukuramo subtitles mu ndimi nyinshi, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo gukina filime ya [[:en:BitTorrent|BitTorrent]] hamwe n'uruhererekane hamwe na subtitles zihuye. ALLPlayer ifite igenzura rya kure na hoteri ya clavier. Irashobora gukina mirongo niba atari yose izwi amajwi na videwo. Abamenyekanye cyane muri bo ni: 3G2, [[:en:Audio_Video_Interleave|AVI]], [[:en:Matroska|Matroska]] (MKV), [[:en:FLV|FLV]], DAT, MOV, M2TS, [[:en:MP4|MP4]], [[3GP]], [[IJWI|VOB]], MPG, APE, AU, MKA, [[MP3]], OGG, WAV na AC3, ndetse na [[Disiki yuzuye|CD]] y'amajwi, hamwe na urls. ALLPlayer irashobora gukina dosiye zuzuye, cyangwa zitarangiye, nkamadosiye agikuramo hifashishijwe [[:en:Peer-to-peer|urungano.]] (P2P). == IBIRANGA == * Gukina filime kuva [[:en:Torrent_file|.torrent]] dosiye * Gukina dosiye * Amaradiyo menshi kumurongo * Inkunga kuri monitor 4 cyangwa TV * Gukina byikora ku bice bikurikira bya filime cyangwa urukurikirane. * Inkunga ya Dolby Surround, DTS, amajwi ya 3D, SPDIF nibindi * Urutonde * EQ * Inkunga ku majwi n'amashusho, harimo videwo yo kuri YouTube * Kuzunguruka amashusho, gukosora amabara, kuzamura ubwiza * Kuzimya mudasobwa cyangwa gukurikirana nyuma ya filime * Autoresume * Ibisobanuro by'ubwenge * Dubbing * Kugenzura ababyeyi - ijambo ry'ibanga kuri dosiye == AMASHAKIRO; == * http://www.allplayer.org/en * [http://www.softpedia.com/get/Multimedia/Video/Video-Players/ALLPlayer.shtml Softpedia] [[Ikiciro:Ikoranabuhanga]] [[Ikiciro:Ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n'isakazabumenyi mu majyambere]] [[Ikiciro:Ubumuga]] [[Ikiciro:Ubufasha bwibanze]] 1x5v83pk443ibk8x9zdmxd65mrkn74j 0 18055 132479 109087 2026-06-21T18:26:41Z B.Scalling 15089 Replaced content with "[[Ikiciro:Umuco]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]]" 132479 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ikiciro:Umuco]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] 16n9iox8ioa0i8qgkisthvpq13vpvb6 132480 132479 2026-06-21T18:27:57Z B.Scalling 15089 132480 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ingobyi bahekamo abarwayi.jpg|left|thumb|Ingobyi]] [[Dosiye:Tradition wedding.jpg|thumb|guheka umugeni]] '''Ingobyi ya Kinyarwanda''' ni igikoresho gifite 'ibigwi n’amateka ahambaye mu muco wu Rwanda, kikaba ari kimwe mu bigaragaza intekerezo z’ihangabuhanga abantu b'Abanyarwanda bari bakungahayeho aho yabafashaga guhanga ibikoresho bibafasha gukemura ibibazo biriho muri icyo gihe hari mo ingobyi yo guheka abarwayi.<ref name=":0">https://igihe.com/umuco/amateka/article/amateka-y-ingobyi-igikoresho-gakondo-cyafashije-abanyarwanda-imyaka-amagana</ref> == Uko imeze == Ingobyi ya kinyarwanda iremye mu buryo ubundi igira imijishi ine. Bivuzeko ko kugira ngo ifate inzira igende ihetse ibyo ijyanye cyangwa se iheste uwo ijyanye, abagabo bane b’ibizigira, ni bo bagombaga kujya muri iyo mijishi uko ari ine. imijishi ine ikoreshwa ku ngobyi, baba bashatse kuvuga impande enye ziyigize aho basesekamo igiti ari cyo bita umujishi, uw’imbere agashyiraho urugata rworohereza urutugu rwe kudakomereka, uw’inyuma bikaba uko . Iba iboshye mu biti birandaranda ndetse n’ibishishwa byabyo. Bimwe byifashishwaga mu kuboha harimo Imigano, Iminyantete, ibishishwa by’imivumu .<ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Umuco]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] ks9i95anfky0hszi8grqw30oz75c6ya 0 18134 132509 117184 2026-06-21T21:55:44Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132509 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:CentralKigali.jpg|thumb|kamikazi ni umunyarwandakazi uvuka mumujyi wa kigali]] '''Cynthia Liliane Kamikazi,''' ni Umuyobozi - Ubufatanye no kwegera [[Uburinganire bw'ibitsina byombi mu Rwanda|uburinganire]], abagore n’imiryango itegamiye kuri leta muri Banki nyafurika itsura amajyambere ([[Icyongereza]]: African Development Bank). Muri urwo rwego, ayoboye ubufatanye no gukusanya umutungo kuri gahunda y’uburinganire bwa Banki. Yakoranye n’inama ngishwanama yo mu rwego rwo hejuru y’abayobozi bakuru ba Afurika, Madamu Kamikazi yayoboye ishyirwaho rya gahunda yo gutera inkunga Afurika muri Afurika hagamijwe kongerera ubushobozi ubukungu bw’umugore, igikorwa cy’imari ishinzwe abagore muri Afurika. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=http://nfnv.rw/views/kamikazi.php |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-03-26 |archive-date=2024-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326103255/http://nfnv.rw/views/kamikazi.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mbere y’umwanya asanzweho, yabaye umuyobozi w’agateganyo ku biro bya Banki bya Visi Perezida akaba n’intumwa idasanzwe y’uburinganire, atanga inama zifatika ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba z’uburinganire bwa Banki no kugenzura igenamigambi n’ingengo y’imari.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.angazaforum2023.com/speakers</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/145987/News/access-to-finance-still-a-headache-for-entrepreneurs</ref> == Amateka y'akazi == [[Dosiye:HQAFDBAbidjanPlateauMars2016.JPG|thumb|Banki nyafurila itsura amajyambere ]] Mbere yo kwinjira muri AfDB, Madamu Kamikazi yayoboye gahunda yo kunganira amajyepfo ya Global Alliance ishinzwe inkingo no gukingira i Geneve, aho yayoboye uruhare rw’abafatanyabikorwa n’ubufatanye. Hagati ya 2002 na 2010, yagiye akora imirimo itandukanye harimo kuba Umujyanama mu bijyanye n'uburenganzira bwa muntu n'iterambere mu butumwa buhoraho bw'u Rwanda muri Loni i Geneve; Umuhuzabikorwa w’umushinga w’uburenganzira bwa muntu muri federasiyo y’isi ya Lutherani akaba n'umujyanama w’uburenganzira bwa muntu muri komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu mu [[Rwanda]]. == Amashuri == Afite Impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu myumvire no mu bikorwa by'uburenganzira bwa muntu yakuye muri kaminuza ya Essex i Colchester, mu [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]] n'impamyabumenyi ya Psychologiya, Imicungire y'Ubucuruzi & Ubuvanganzo bw'[[igifaransa]] yakuye muri Luther College, muri [[Amerika]] mu ([[icyongereza]]: She holds a Master’s Degree in the Theory and Practice of Human Rights from the University of Essex in Colchester, UK and degrees in Psychology, Business Management & French Literature from Luther College, US.)<ref name=":0" /> [[Dosiye:University-of-essex-colchester-campus.jpg|center|thumb|Kaminuza ya Essex|606x606px]] == Ishakiro == [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Abagore ba abayobozi]] [[Ikiciro:Abagore babanyapolitike]] [[Ikiciro:Abagore mu bucuruzi]] [[Ikiciro:Banki zo mu Rwanda]] 7gmxd6imq2s6vbk921tprtf5kwwix2d 0 18135 132508 131467 2026-06-21T21:54:19Z B.Scalling 15089 /* Akazi */ 132508 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:CentralKigali.jpg|thumb|kamikazi numukobwa wumunyarwandakazi uvuka mumujyi wa kigali]] '''Kamikazi Sandrine,''' ni Umujyanama wa Tekinike w’ibidukikije ku muyobozi mukuru muri Rwanda Green Fund. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://greenfund.rw/sandrine-kamikazi-0 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-03-26 |archive-date=2024-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326113034/https://greenfund.rw/sandrine-kamikazi-0 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://rocketreach.co/sandrine-kamikazi-email_112244161</ref>Aho ayoborra isuzuma n'imicungire y'imishinga ya Leta<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://greenfund.rw/sandrine-kamikazi-0 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-03-26 |archive-date=2024-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326113034/https://greenfund.rw/sandrine-kamikazi-0 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Akazi == [[Dosiye:Minister Biruta visits Green Fund investments - 25445558145.jpg|thumb|Rwanda Green Fund Investment]] Afite uburambe bw'imyaka irenga irindwi mugucunga ibidukikije. Nkumujyanama wa tekinike kumuyobozi mukuru, ashyigikira umuyobozi mukuru gufata ibyemezo byingirakamaro, atanga ubushishozi nisesengura kubibazo byingenzi by'umuryango. Mbere yo kwinjira mu kigega cy’ibidukikije cy’u [[Rwanda]] ([[icyongereza]]: [[RWANDA GREEN FUND|Rwanda Green Fund]]), yakoraga muri Minisiteri ishinzwe imicungire y’ubutabazi (MINEMA) kandi yari umujyanama w’ibidukikije mu mishinga myinshi yo mu [[Rwanda]] == Amashuri == [[Dosiye:Université nationale du Rwanda à Butare.JPG|thumb|Kaminuza nkuru y'u Rwanda]] Sandrine afite impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga mu micungire y’ibidukikije yakuye muri kaminuza ya Massey yo muri Nouvelle-Zélande ndetse n'impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu by'ubukungu bw’ubuhinzi n’ubuhinzi yakuye muri [[kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda]]. == Ishakiro == [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Abagore ba abayobozi]] [[Ikiciro:Abagore mu bucuruzi]] [[Ikiciro:Abagore babanyapolitike]] oljm5kdzfro5qtdrqpq0iyph5r86xem 0 18320 132439 104691 2026-06-21T14:00:13Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132439 wikitext text/x-wiki Amalon ni umwe mu bahanzi b'abanyarwanda mu matwi ya benshi mu bakunzi ba muzika ariko na none ukomeje kuzamura urwego rwe muri muzika yu Rwanda uyu muhanzi yaherukaga gusubiramo indirimbo na Ally Soudy indirimbo yitwa Derila yamamaye cyane mu minsi micye nyuma y'igihe gito iyi ndirimbo ikozwe na Amalon yamaze gushyira hanze indirimbo nshya yise Byakubaho.<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=AMAKURU+KURI+AMALON&sca_esv=1408e98ab1991b60&sca_upv=1&rlz=1C1ONGR_enRW1053RW1053&ei=Dpc8ZrKoA-2ki-gP482nGA&ved=0ahUKEwiy56i_oICGAxVt0gIHHePmCQMQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=AMAKURU+KURI+AMALON&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiE0FNQUtVUlUgS1VSSSBBTUFMT04yCBAAGIAEGKIEMggQABiABBiiBDIIEAAYgAQYogRIxmVQvwtY211wAngBkAEGmAHODKABqWiqARAyLTIuMTAuNS4yLjIuMS4yuAEDyAEA-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_CAggQABiiBBiJBcICCxAAGIAEGIYDGIoFwgIFECEYoAGYAzCIBgGQBgq6BgYIARABGBS6BgQIAhgHkgcPMi4wLjEuNC44LjMuMC4yoAeewAE&sclient=gws-wiz-serp</ref> '''AMASHAKIRO;''' cu0se4dd3oqne3p07iyyaapjd8klfn1 0 18525 132428 132218 2026-06-21T12:59:00Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132428 wikitext text/x-wiki Gang Rope [Jean d’Amour Mizinduko] na Glosby [Uwimana Glosby Gad] bahuriye mu ndirimbo ‘‘Let’s get it’’ nibo batwaye igihembo gikuru cya MNi cya miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana abiri na mirongo itanu by’amafaranga y’u [[Rwanda]] (1.250.000 FRW) nyuma y’uko bahize abandi mu majwi y’ababatoye binyuze ku rubuga bwa MNI inategura iki gikorwa ifatanyije na RadioTV10. Ibyamamare byitabiriye uyu muhango wo guhemba Gang Rope na Glosby harimo Aline sano. <ref>https://radiotv10.rw/ibihe-byingenzi-byaranze-itangwa-ryibihembo-bya-mni-byasize-glosby-na-gang-rope-bahawe-igihembo-gikuru-amafoto/</ref> AMASHAKIRO; okc39xumggco373vx3jo1x82xtgyi8d 0 18665 132430 105648 2026-06-21T13:07:30Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132430 wikitext text/x-wiki == AMATEKA == AEBR Kacyiru n'itsinda rya Gikirisitu rigizwe n'urubyiruko rikaba riherereye Kamatamu,Kacyiru,Kigali. Rigizwe n'abaririmbyi n'umuhanzi uririmba ku giti cye witwa Samuel NIYIGABA. Kandi ikirenze kuri ibyo ni rimwe mu matsinda akunzwe cyane mu Mujyi wa Kigali.<ref>https://mapcarta.com/W352844790</ref> == IBITARAMO BAKOZE == Bamaze kubaka izina cyane ku buryo ari bamwe mu bakora ibitaramo byinshi muri Kigali. Igitaramo cyamenyekanye cyane harimo nka "Welcome Vacance" barikumwe na Samuel Niyigena uyoboye Naranda worship.<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/68268/urubyiruko-rwa-aebr-kacyiru-rwateguye-igitaramo-cyo-kwakira-68268.html</ref> '''AMASHAKIRO;''' dk1l2pnqnky2nwtl9t2ng01l5khm4su 0 18828 132451 106434 2026-06-21T16:02:29Z HiAmos 18412 Nongeye andi makuru 132451 wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubutaka(NLA)''' == ni ikigo cya leta kibarizwa muri Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije, kikaba gifite inshingano zirimo gushyira mu bikorwa politiki z’ubutaka, igenamigambi ry’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, kwandika ubutaka, guhuza ubutaka, gukemura amakimbirane ashingiye ku butaka n’ibindi<ref>https://www.lands.rw/rw/abo-turi-bo/amavu-namavuko</ref> Ikigo gishyinzwe ubutaka cyashizweho n'iteka rya Perezida nomero 030/01 ryo kuwa 06/05/2022. iki kigo kandi cyagiye kigira amavugurura agiye atandukanye cyagiye gihindurirwa amazina agiye atandukanye kuva mu 2008, Aho cyabanje kwitwa (NLC), ahanyuma mu mwaka wa 2011 cyitwa ikigo gishinzwe umutungo kamere (RNRA) Mu mwaka wi 2017 gihindurirwa izina cyitwa ikigo gishinzwe imicungire n'imikoreshereze y'ubutaka mu rwanda (RLMUA) Cyongerwa guhindurirwa izina cyongerwa guhindurirwa izina ariryo gifite kugeza (NLA) ubu. <ref>https://businessprocedures.rdb.rw/media/Min%20order,%20procedure%20land.doc</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Kuva cyashingwa, cyakoze impinduka zigaragara kandi cyakoze impinduka zigaragara, cyahinduye urwego n'imicungire y'ubutaka mu Rwanda, ibintu bimwe by'ingenzi byagezweho harimo n'a politike y'ubutaka muri rusange, Ikigo cy'igihugu cy'ubutaka cyagize uruhare runini rufatika mu gukemura amakimbiranemu baturage , binyuze mu gukemura amakimbirane <ref>https://www.lands.rw/rw/abo-turi-bo/amavu-namavuko</ref> == Amashakiro == {{reflist}} j3s8pc5shhn42g2eci4qjmn43hx0yx0 132452 132451 2026-06-21T16:06:19Z HiAmos 18412 gukosora imyandikire 132452 wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubutaka(NLA)''' == ni ikigo cya leta kibarizwa muri Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije, kikaba gifite inshingano zirimo gushyira mu bikorwa politiki z’ubutaka, igenamigambi ry’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, kwandika ubutaka, guhuza ubutaka, gukemura amakimbirane ashingiye ku butaka n’ibindi<ref>https://www.lands.rw/rw/abo-turi-bo/amavu-namavuko</ref> Ikigo gishyinzwe ubutaka cyashizweho n'iteka rya Perezida nomero 030/01 ryo kuwa 06/05/2022 kandi kandi cyagiye kigira amavugurura agiye atandukanye cyagiye aho cyagiye gihindurirwa amazina agiye atandukanye kuva mu 2008, Aho cyabanje kwitwa (NLC), ahanyuma mu mwaka wa 2011 cyitwa ikigo gishinzwe umutungo kamere (RNRA) Mu mwaka wi 2017 gihindurirwa izina cyitwa ikigo gishinzwe imicungire n'imikoreshereze y'ubutaka mu rwanda (RLMUA) Cyongerwa guhindurirwa izina cyongerwa guhindurirwa izina ariryo gifite kugeza (NLA) ubu. <ref>https://businessprocedures.rdb.rw/media/Min%20order,%20procedure%20land.doc</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Kuva cyashingwa, cyakoze impinduka zigaragara kandi cyakoze impinduka zigaragara, cyahinduye urwego n'imicungire y'ubutaka mu Rwanda, ibintu bimwe by'ingenzi byagezweho harimo n'a politike y'ubutaka muri rusange, Ikigo cy'igihugu cy'ubutaka cyagize uruhare runini rufatika mu gukemura amakimbiranemu baturage , binyuze mu gukemura amakimbirane <ref>https://www.lands.rw/rw/abo-turi-bo/amavu-namavuko</ref> == Amashakiro == {{reflist}} 4fndi1anq2kyhxbc4z8d5rpbjd5yhk9 132453 132452 2026-06-21T16:30:10Z HiAmos 18412 Nongeye andi makuru 132453 wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubutaka(NLA)''' == ni ikigo cya leta kibarizwa muri Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije, kikaba gifite inshingano zirimo gushyira mu bikorwa politiki z’ubutaka, igenamigambi ry’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, kwandika ubutaka, guhuza ubutaka, gukemura amakimbirane ashingiye ku butaka n’ibindi<ref>https://www.lands.rw/rw/abo-turi-bo/amavu-namavuko</ref> Ikigo gishyinzwe ubutaka cyashizweho n'iteka rya Perezida nomero 030/01 ryo kuwa 06/05/2022 kandi kandi cyagiye kigira amavugurura agiye atandukanye cyagiye aho cyagiye gihindurirwa amazina agiye atandukanye kuva mu 2008, Aho cyabanje kwitwa (NLC), ahanyuma mu mwaka wa 2011 cyitwa ikigo gishinzwe umutungo kamere (RNRA) Mu mwaka wi 2017 gihindurirwa izina cyitwa ikigo gishinzwe imicungire n'imikoreshereze y'ubutaka mu rwanda (RLMUA) Cyongerwa guhindurirwa izina cyongerwa guhindurirwa izina ariryo gifite kugeza (NLA) ubu. <ref>https://businessprocedures.rdb.rw/media/Min%20order,%20procedure%20land.doc</ref> === '''Intego n’Inshingano''' === Intego y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubutaka ni uguharanira ko ubutaka bucungwa kandi bugakoreshwa neza hagamijwe guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’Igihugu. Iki kigo gikora ibikorwa bitandukanye birimo gushyira mu bikorwa politiki, amategeko n’ingamba bijyanye n’ubutaka, kugira inama Leta, kwigisha abaturage amategeko y’ubutaka no kubungabunga amakuru yose ajyanye n’imicungire n’imikoreshereze yabwo.<ref>https://www.lands.rw/rw/abo-turi-bo/intego-ninshingano</ref> Ikigo gifite kandi inshingano zo gutegura no gukurikirana ibishushanyombonera by’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, gukora no kuvugurura amakarita n’ibipimo by’ubutaka, kwandika no gucunga ubutaka bwa Leta, gukemura ibibazo bijyanye n’imikoreshereze yabwo no gukora ubushakashatsi ku butaka. Gikurikirana kandi ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imishinga ikenera ubutaka, kigatanga ibyangombwa byabwo ndetse kigafasha inzego z’ibanze kubaka ubushobozi mu micungire myiza y’ubutaka. <ref>https://www.lands.rw/rw/abo-turi-bo/amavu-namavuko</ref> == Amashakiro == {{reflist}} 5cbaftnkm4l7iqx2v50ydta03rcd7ln 0 18888 132486 107409 2026-06-21T18:45:22Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ kongeramo amakuru 132486 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Rwanda Mountain at Gatsibo.jpg|thumb|Umusozi wa Murambi]] [[Dosiye:Rwanda , Country of thousand hill in Rutsiro.jpg|left|thumb|Umusozi wa Murambi]] [[Dosiye:Rwanda landscape01.jpg|center|thumb|imisozi ya MurambiUmusozi wa Murambi ni umusozi w'amateka uherereye mu Karere ka Nyamagabe (icyahoze ari Gikongoro) mu Ntara y'Amajyepfo y'u Rwanda.]] lvv2u5l6r1wr9fhvka5de62g9qxi3zk 132487 132486 2026-06-21T18:46:57Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132487 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Rwanda Mountain at Gatsibo.jpg|thumb|Umusozi wa Murambi]] [[Dosiye:Rwanda , Country of thousand hill in Rutsiro.jpg|left|thumb|Umusozi wa Murambi]] [[Dosiye:Rwanda landscape01.jpg|center|thumb|imisozi ya Murambi Umusozi wa Murambi ni umusozi w'amateka uherereye mu Karere ka Nyamagabe (icyahoze ari Gikongoro) mu Ntara y'Amajyepfo y'u Rwanda.]] 0sylx5zx5tr44j8q03tv8dm8iar0yoj 0 19289 132429 117638 2026-06-21T13:04:12Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132429 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:A Tray Of Eggs.jpg|thumb|Amagi ]] [[Dosiye:Inkoko nziza.jpg|thumb|Inkoko ]] '''ABUSOL LTD (Agri-Business solutions),''' ni uruganda rwatangijwe na [[Musabyimana Jean Baptiste]], rutunganya umusaruro ukomoka k'ubworozi bw'inkoko mu [[Rwanda]], rufite icyicaro mu Murenge wa Mayange wo mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]], mu [[Intara y'Iburasirazuba|ntara y'Uburasirazuba]].<ref>https://en.igihe.com/news/article/meet-musabyimana-a-poultry-farmer-breeding-black-soldier-flies-to-reduce-high</ref><ref name=":0">https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/144987/News/poultry-industry-on-the-rise-as-investors-spot-potential</ref><ref>https://www.minagri.gov.rw/updates/news-details/investors-find-lucrative-opportunities-in-rwanda-s-poultry-industry</ref> == Intego == Intego y'uruganda ni ukuzana amagi yujuje ubuziranenge ku isoko, no gufasha abahinzi n'aborozi hirya no hino mu [[Rwanda]] kuzamura umusaruro n' ubucuruzi bw’inkoko kugera ku rwego rw’inganda zikora neza.<ref name=":1">https://www.ktpress.rw/2016/03/poultry-farmer-to-save-rwanda-from-importing-eggs/</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Amateka == Uru ruganda, rukorera ku butaka bwa hegitari 14, muri 2022, uru ruganda rwari rufite inkoko zirenga 100.000 zitanga amagi arenga 70.000 k'umunsi aha mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|karere ka Bugesera]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>https://en.igihe.com/news/article/meet-musabyimana-a-poultry-farmer-breeding-black-soldier-flies-to-reduce-high</ref>Icyi kigo cyiyemeje gufasha Leta y’u [[Rwanda]] guhangana n’imirire mibi n’igwingira binyuze mu gushishikariza abaturage kwita ku ifunguro ry’amagi n’inkoko mu buryo butanga umusaruro.Kuwa14 Gashyantare 2024,ABUSOL Ltd yatangije ubukangurambaga bwo kurya amagi no korora inkoko kinyamwuga mu Karere ka Ngoma, ariko ibikorwa byayo bikomeje kwaguka mu gihugu hose.<ref name=":2">https://imvahonshya.co.rw/ngoma-barashima-abusol-ltd-yaboroje-inkoko-ikabegereza-namagi-abarinda-igwingira/</ref> Musabyimana Jean Baptiste, Umuyobozi Mukuru w'Ikigo ABUSOL Ltd cyorora inkoko zitera amagi akagera mu [[Rwanda]] hose ndetse no hanze ya rwo, avuga ko kugeza ubu bamaze guhindura ubuzima bw'imiryango irenga 100 bayiha ubufasha bukura abana mu mirire mibi.<ref name=":2" /> == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Bugesera]] [[Ikiciro:Intara y'iburasirazuba]] [[Ikiciro:Ubworozi bw'umwuga]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuhinzi mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Uruganda]] mloxifnvdmry0l5iema9w1fatoa6z8i 0 20226 132460 123261 2026-06-21T17:46:40Z B.Scalling 15089 132460 wikitext text/x-wiki Mu [[Rwanda]] hari amashuri makuru na kaminuza zigera kuri 37, harimo 28 zikorera mu gihugu , naho andi 9 akaba ari amashami ya kaminuza z'amahanga.[https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/menya-kaminuza-n-amashuri-makuru-13-bibarizwa-mu-ntara-y-amajyaruguru] === urutonde rwamashuri ya kaminuza === - kaminuza y'u [[Rwanda]] (UR):ni kaminuza ya leta, ikaba ari yo nini mu gihugu -kaminuza y'abadiveventisiti (adventist university of central afric -AUCA ):ni kaminuza yigenga -kaminuza y'abadiventisite (unuversty of lay adventist of [[Kigali|kigali-]]UNILAK):ni kaminuza yigenga -kigali independent university (ULK):ni kaminuza yigenga -INilfashu business [[University of Kigali|university]]:ni kaminuza yigenga -mount kenya university (MKU):ni ishami rya kaminuza ikomeye yo muri [[kenya]] [[University of Kigali|-university]] of [[kigali]] : ni kaminuza yigenga [[University of Kigali|-universty]] of kibungo: ni kaminuza yigenga -southern african nazarene universty (SANU): ni ishami rya kaminuza yo muri afurika y'epfo -akazi internation academy : ni kaminuza yigenga -[[Rwandan Epic|Rwandan i]]<nowiki/>nstitute for peace studies and conflict resolution (RIPCOR):ni kaminuza yigenga -institute of legal practice and development (ILPD)ni kaminuza yigenga -universty of tourism, technology and business studies (UTB):nikaminuza yigenga -[[INES RUHENGERI|INES-Ruhengeri]] :ni kaminuza yigenga -christian universty of [[Rwanda]] (CHUR):ni kaminuza yigenga -[[Rwanda]] institute of technology and management (RITM): ni kaminuza yigenga -university of Gitwe :ni kaminuza yigenga -kampala internation university: ni kaminuza yo muri Uganda -[[African Wildlife Foundation|African]] leadership universty: ni kaminuza yigenga === indanganturo === https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/menya-kaminuza-n-amashuri-makuru-13-bibarizwa-mu-ntara-y-amajyaruguru 8adkug74y63izxjk143k6qq4j129bkf 132461 132460 2026-06-21T17:48:03Z B.Scalling 15089 132461 wikitext text/x-wiki Mu [[Rwanda]] hari amashuri makuru na kaminuza zigera kuri 37, harimo 28 zikorera mu gihugu , naho andi 9 akaba ari amashami ya kaminuza z'amahanga.[https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/menya-kaminuza-n-amashuri-makuru-13-bibarizwa-mu-ntara-y-amajyaruguru] === urutonde rwamashuri ya kaminuza === - kaminuza y'u [[Rwanda]] (UR):ni kaminuza ya leta, ikaba ari yo nini mu gihugu. -kaminuza y'abadiveventisiti (adventist university of central afric -AUCA ):ni kaminuza yigenga -kaminuza y'abadiventisite (unuversty of lay adventist of [[Kigali|kigali-]]UNILAK):ni kaminuza yigenga -kigali independent university (ULK):ni kaminuza yigenga -INilfashu business [[University of Kigali|university]]:ni kaminuza yigenga -mount kenya university (MKU):ni ishami rya kaminuza ikomeye yo muri [[kenya]] [[University of Kigali|-university]] of [[kigali]] : ni kaminuza yigenga [[University of Kigali|-universty]] of kibungo: ni kaminuza yigenga -southern african nazarene universty (SANU): ni ishami rya kaminuza yo muri afurika y'epfo -akazi internation academy : ni kaminuza yigenga -[[Rwandan Epic|Rwandan i]]<nowiki/>nstitute for peace studies and conflict resolution (RIPCOR):ni kaminuza yigenga -institute of legal practice and development (ILPD)ni kaminuza yigenga -universty of tourism, technology and business studies (UTB):nikaminuza yigenga -INES-Ruhengeri :ni kaminuza yigenga -christian universty of [[Rwanda]] (CHUR):ni kaminuza yigenga -[[Rwanda]] institute of technology and management (RITM): ni kaminuza yigenga -university of Gitwe :ni kaminuza yigenga -kampala internation university: ni kaminuza yo muri Uganda -[[African Wildlife Foundation|African]] leadership universty: ni kaminuza yigenga === indanganturo === https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/menya-kaminuza-n-amashuri-makuru-13-bibarizwa-mu-ntara-y-amajyaruguru tbkymxrxjytigmuinze3o4czwnj1bsu 132462 132461 2026-06-21T17:49:24Z B.Scalling 15089 132462 wikitext text/x-wiki Mu [[Rwanda]] hari amashuri makuru na kaminuza zigera kuri 37, harimo 28 zikorera mu gihugu , naho andi 9 akaba ari amashami ya kaminuza z'amahanga.[https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/menya-kaminuza-n-amashuri-makuru-13-bibarizwa-mu-ntara-y-amajyaruguru] === urutonde rwamashuri ya kaminuza === - kaminuza y'u [[Rwanda]] (UR):ni kaminuza ya leta, ikaba ari yo nini mu gihugu -kaminuza y'abadiveventisiti (adventist university of central afric -AUCA ):ni kaminuza yigenga -kaminuza y'abadiventisite (unuversty of lay adventist of [[Kigali|kigali-]]UNILAK):ni kaminuza yigenga -kigali independent university (ULK):ni kaminuza yigenga -INilfashu business [[University of Kigali|university]]:ni kaminuza yigenga -mount kenya university (MKU):ni ishami rya kaminuza ikomeye yo muri [[kenya]] [[University of Kigali|-university]] of [[kigali]] : ni kaminuza yigenga [[University of Kigali|-universty]] of kibungo: ni kaminuza yigenga -southern african nazarene universty (SANU): ni ishami rya kaminuza yo muri afurika y'epfo -akazi internation academy : ni kaminuza yigenga -[[Rwandan Epic|Rwandan i]]<nowiki/>nstitute for peace studies and conflict resolution (RIPCOR):ni kaminuza yigenga -institute of legal practice and development (ILPD)ni kaminuza yigenga -universty of tourism, technology and business studies (UTB):nikaminuza yigenga -INES-Ruhengeri :ni kaminuza yigenga -christian universty of [[Rwanda]] (CHUR):ni kaminuza yigenga -[[Rwanda]] institute of technology and management (RITM): ni kaminuza yigenga -university of Gitwe :ni kaminuza yigenga -kampala internation university: ni kaminuza yo muri [[Uganda]] -[[African Wildlife Foundation|African]] leadership universty: ni kaminuza yigenga === indanganturo === https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/menya-kaminuza-n-amashuri-makuru-13-bibarizwa-mu-ntara-y-amajyaruguru cwk5s4cfyt75ufukkrp9xnu8t1379ds 0 20557 132426 126881 2026-06-21T12:50:52Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132426 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''27 Guns''''' ni filime y'imirwano, filime biopic y'ibyerekeranye na [[Yoweri Museveni|Yoweri kaguta Museveni]] na bagenzi be b'Abasirikare mu gihe cy'intambara ya Bush. Yayobowe na Natasha Museveni Karugire, umukobwa wa Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, ikaba yarekanwe bwa mbere i Kampala taliki ya 8 Nzeri 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |title=27 GUNS: The epic movie that tells the story that changed Uganda |url=https://kampalapost.com/content/opinion/27-guns-epic-movie-tells-story-which-changed-uganda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028033819/https://kampalapost.com/content/opinion/27-guns-epic-movie-tells-story-which-changed-uganda |archive-date=28 October 2018 |access-date=27 October 2018 |website=The Kampala Sun}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |title=First daughter Natasha premieres war memoir 27 Guns |url=https://edge.ug/2018/09/08/first-daughter-natasha-premieres-war-memoir-27-guns/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028073756/https://edge.ug/2018/09/08/first-daughter-natasha-premieres-war-memoir-27-guns/ |archive-date=October 28, 2018 |access-date=27 October 2018 |agency=Edge}}</ref> nyuma yaje kwerekanwa i Johannesburg muri Afurika Yepfo taliki ya 19 Nzeri 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Natasha Karugire's film 27 Guns premiers in South Africa |url=https://www.cnbcafrica.com/videos/2018/09/19/natasha-karugires-film-27-guns-premieres-in-south-africa/attachment/hqdefault-4009/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028073749/https://www.cnbcafrica.com/videos/2018/09/19/natasha-karugires-film-27-guns-premieres-in-south-africa/attachment/hqdefault-4009/ |archive-date=28 October 2018 |access-date=27 October 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |title=Photos: Glamour as First Family Premiers '27 Guns' The Movie |url=https://theinsider.ug/index.php/2018/09/10/photos-glamour-as-first-family-premiers-27-guns-the-movie/ |access-date=28 October 2018 |publisher=Noelyn Tracy Nasuuna |agency=The Insider |archive-date=11 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911121645/https://theinsider.ug/index.php/2018/09/10/photos-glamour-as-first-family-premiers-27-guns-the-movie/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kastingi; == Uruhare runini rwa Yoweri Kaguta Museveni rwahawe Arnold Mubangizi nk'uruhare rwe rwa mbere. Diana Museveni Kyaremera yakinnye nyina Janet Kataha Museni   == Uko yakozwe == Gufata amashusho ya ''27 Guns'' byatangiye taliki ya 8 Kanama 2017, bikomeza iminsi mirongo icyenda. Iyi filime yasohotse muri Gicurasi 2018. Iyi filime yafatiwe iMpigi / Singo, Buikwe na Kampala hamwe n’abakozi bari bahagaze aho amashusho yose azafatirwa. Yesaya 60 Productions yayoboye ibikorwa byose no gukwirakwiza film. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet the Museveni in 27 Guns |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/artsculture/Reviews/Meet-the-Museveni-in-27-Guns-/691232-4790186-115h3n0z/index.html |access-date=28 October 2018 |website=Daily Monitor}}</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * 27 Guns at IMDb rpbhl4jcc0vt06g24i0tjrhvm56eowv 0 20772 132502 124863 2026-06-21T21:16:49Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}} == Umugambi == Adam ( Youssouf Djaoro ), wahoze ari nyampinga wo koga muri Afurika yo hagati, ni umukozi wa pisine muri hoteri nziza. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gabara |first=Rachel |date=September 2013 |title=FEATURE FILMS - Mahamat-Saleh Haroun. A Screaming Man. Original title: Un homme qui crie. 2010. Chad and France. French and Chadian Arabic, with English subtitles. 91 min. Film Movement and Pyramide International. $24.95. |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/abs/feature-films-mahamatsaleh-haroun-a-screaming-man-original-title-un-homme-qui-crie-2010-chad-and-france-french-and-chadian-arabic-with-english-subtitles-91-min-film-movement-and-pyramide-international-2495/5D96075589AC470DD5923D76AF3431CE |journal=African Studies Review |language=en |volume=56 |issue=2 |pages=227–228 |doi=10.1017/asr.2013.68 |issn=0002-0206 |s2cid=144838993 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Champ. Mu rwego rw'ubukungu Madamu We, umuyobozi yamumanuye ku izamu kandi umuhungu we Abdel agirwa umukozi wa pisine. Umuyobozi Mukuru waho ahatira Adam gutanga amafaranga kugira ngo urugamba rwa Tchad rurwanya ingabo z’inyeshyamba, rumuhana ko atitabiriye inama yabiteye. Umutware abwira Adamu uburyo yohereje umuhungu we w'imyaka 17 ku rugamba. Abwira Adamu ko afite iminsi itatu yo kwishyura amafaranga kugira ngo ashyigikire. Kugira ngo agarure umwanya we Adam yatanze Abdel mu Ngabo za Chadian Ground Force, n'abasirikare baza murugo rw'umuryango bategura Abdel ku gahato. Adam yongeye akazi ko kuba umukozi wa pisine. Umukobwa w'imyaka 17, umukunzi wa Abdel wari utwite, ageze kwa Adamu arajyanwa amwitaho. Amakimbirane arakomera maze abatuye mu music barahunga. Adam abwira umukazana we ubuhemu bwe aravunika. Adam yongeye gutekereza ku mwanya we maze afata moto ye hamwe na sidecar mu Karere k'intambara kugira ngo azane Abdel murugo. Asanga Abdel yakomeretse cyane- ijisho, ijosi, ukuboko kw'iburyo n'inda. Muri iryo joro, Adam yakuye Abdel mu bitaro, amushyira mu kayira kegereye urugo. Mu rugendo Abdel avuga ko yifuza koga mu ruzi ariko Abdel apfa bageze kuruzi. Adamu areremba umurambo muruzi, utwara umurambo. == ABAKINNYI == Ibiranga firime; * Youssouf Djaoro nka Adam * Diouc Koma nka Abdel * Emile Abossolo M'Bo nk'umuyobozi w'Akarere * Hadjé Fatimé N'Goua nka Mariam * Marius Yelolo nka David * Djénéba Koné nka Djeneba * Gufasha Li nka Mme Wang * John Mbaiedoum nka Etienne * Abdou Boukar nka Le maître d'hôtel * Gerrard Ganda Mayoumbila nka Le sous-ofisiye * Tourgodi Oumar nka Soldat barrage 2 * Hilaire Ndolassem nk'umuvugizi wa radiyo (ijwi) * Remadji Adele Nagaradoum nka Souad * Sylvain Nbaikoubou nka Le nouveau cuisiner * Fatimé Nguenabaye nka La voisine * Mahamat Choukou nka Soldat barrage 1 * Hadre Dounia nka Joune Soldat blessé * Laure Cadiot == INSANGANYAMATSIKO == Umubano wa Adam na Abdel niwo wibandwaho cyane mu nkuru y’iyi filime, kandi nk'uko umuyobozi abivuga bifitanye isano na Tchad yo muri iki gihe: "Hagati ya se n'umuhungu ni ugutwara kwibuka, ingirabuzima fatizo, n'umuco. Ni ngombwa cyane hano kuko abagabo bayobora intambara muri Tchad. Imvururu zabereye muri Tchad zimaze imyaka 40 kandi nisewanduje umuhungu we umuco w'intambara, kuko bitabaye ibyo nta mpamvu iboneka." <ref name="visibleafrica">{{Cite web |last=Aftab |first=Kaleem |date=2010-07-21 |title=Visible Africa: Cannes winner Mahamat-Saleh Haroun |url=http://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/film/visible-africa-cannes-winner-mahamat-saleh-haroun?pageCount=0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010053744/http://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/film/visible-africa-cannes-winner-mahamat-saleh-haroun?pageCount=0 |archive-date=10 October 2012 |access-date=2010-08-09 |website=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]]}}</ref> Mahamat Saleh Haroun yanze nkana kujya mu magambo arambuye kubyerekeye intambara y'abenegihugu muri Tchad na politiki: "Filime ivuga uko iyi miterere imeze kandi ntabwo yabonye umwanya hamwe n'inyeshyamba cyangwa guverinoma; mu buzima bwe izo ngabo zombi ntizisobanutse bityo rero ntacyo byaba bitwaye aramutse abaye inyeshyamba cyangwa guverinoma kuko ibyo bitazahagarika intambara." <ref name="visibleafrica" /> Umutwe wa film ni amagambo yavuye mucyegeranyo cy’imivugo ''Garuka mu Gihugu Cyanjye kavukire'' na Aimé Césaire . Interuro yuzuye ni "Umugabo utaka ntabwo ari idubu kubyina". <ref name="cineuropa">{{Cite web |last=Lemercier |first=Fabien |date=2009-10-23 |title=Haroun readies to shoot Screaming Man |url=http://cineuropa.org/newsdetail.aspx?lang=en&documentID=114176 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100721010417/http://cineuropa.org/newsdetail.aspx?lang=en&documentID=114176 |archive-date=21 July 2010 |access-date=2010-04-28 |website=Cineuropa}}</ref> Haroun avuga ko umuntu nyamukuru Adamu "avuza induru atuza Imana, ntabwo ari induru irwanya ingorane". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Collett-White |first=Mike |date=2010-05-16 |title=Father-Son Film in War-Torn Chad Lights up Cannes |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/chadNews/idAFLDE64E0D520100516?sp=true |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240525082903/https://www.webcitation.org/5ycjcGX3f?url=http://af.reuters.com/article/idAFLDE64E0D520100516 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |access-date=2011-01-17 |website=af.reuters.com |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]]}}</ref> == Umusaruro == Igitekerezo cya firime cyaje mu 2006 mu gihe cyo gutunganya ''Daratt'' . Taliki ya 13 Mata ingabo z'inyeshyamba zinjiye muri N'Djamena, umurwa Mukuru wa Tchad, aho Haroun yakoreraga amashusho, maze umusaruro uhita uhagarikwa. Abakozi ba filime, barimo umusore ukina umukinnyi wa mbere wujuje imyaka 18 kuri uwo munsi , bafatiwe mu butayu nta buryo bwo gutumanaho. Ibi byashishikarije Haroun kugerageza gufata ibyiyumviro byo gufungwa yagize muri ibyo birori. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Carpentier |first=Mélanie |date=May 2010 |title=Interview de Mahamat-Saleh Haroun |url=http://www.evene.fr/cinema/actualite/mahamat-saleh-haroun-homme-qui-crie-tchad-cannes-2717.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526124608/http://www.evene.fr/cinema/actualite/mahamat-saleh-haroun-homme-qui-crie-tchad-cannes-2717.php |archive-date=26 May 2010 |access-date=2010-05-26 |website=Evene |language=fr}}</ref> Isosiyete y'Abafaransa Pili Films na Goï Goï Productions ya Tchad bakoze film hamwe. Inkunga y’inyongera yatanzwe n’isosiyete yo mu Bubiligi Entre Chiens et Loups. Mu ngengo y’imari ingana na miliyoni ebyiri z’ama euro harimo inkunga yatanzwe n’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’Ubufaransa cy’Ubukorikori, n’ishoramari mbere yo kugurisha ryaturutse kuri Canal +, Canal Horizons, Ciné Cinéma na TV5Monde . <ref name="cineuropa">{{Cite web |last=Lemercier |first=Fabien |date=2009-10-23 |title=Haroun readies to shoot Screaming Man |url=http://cineuropa.org/newsdetail.aspx?lang=en&documentID=114176 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100721010417/http://cineuropa.org/newsdetail.aspx?lang=en&documentID=114176 |archive-date=21 July 2010 |access-date=2010-04-28 |website=Cineuropa}}</ref> Gufata amashusho byabaye mu byumweru bitandatu aho biherereye muri Tchad, guhera <ref name="cineuropa">{{Cite web |last=Lemercier |first=Fabien |date=2009-10-23 |title=Haroun readies to shoot Screaming Man |url=http://cineuropa.org/newsdetail.aspx?lang=en&documentID=114176 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100721010417/http://cineuropa.org/newsdetail.aspx?lang=en&documentID=114176 |archive-date=21 July 2010 |access-date=2010-04-28 |website=Cineuropa}}</ref> 30 Ugushyingo 2009. <ref name="visibleafrica">{{Cite web |last=Aftab |first=Kaleem |date=2010-07-21 |title=Visible Africa: Cannes winner Mahamat-Saleh Haroun |url=http://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/film/visible-africa-cannes-winner-mahamat-saleh-haroun?pageCount=0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010053744/http://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/film/visible-africa-cannes-winner-mahamat-saleh-haroun?pageCount=0 |archive-date=10 October 2012 |access-date=2010-08-09 |website=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]]}}</ref> Umuyobozi yavuze ko gufata amashusho muri N'Djamena ari nta shiti. Icyakora, igihe abo bakozi bafatiraga amashusho ahitwa Abéché, ikigo gikomeye cy’ingabo z’inyeshyamba, burigihe wasangaga ubwoba buri muntu wese wagize uruhare mu bicuruzwa. Haroun yabonaga ko ari ikibazo cyo kurangiza filime mbere yuko hagira ikintu kibaho, mu gihe kandi yagerageje kwifashisha impagarara nyazo kuri seti. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cuyer |first=Clément |date=2010-09-29 |title='Un homme qui crie' : rencontre avec Mahamat Saleh Haroun |url=http://www.allocine.fr/article/fichearticle_gen_carticle=18598029.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110309115047/http://www.allocine.fr/article/fichearticle_gen_carticle=18598029.html |archive-date=9 March 2011 |access-date=2010-10-29 |website=[[AlloCiné]] |publisher=[[Tiger Management|Tiger Global]] |language=fr}}</ref> == Kurekura == A Screaming Man yerekanwe bwa mbere taliki ya 16 Gicurasi 2010 mu marushanwa mu iserukiramuco rya sinema rya 63 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The screenings guide |url=http://www.festival-cannes.fr/assets/File/Web/HORAIRES%202010/Horaire%20Projections.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119191548/http://www.festival-cannes.fr/assets/File/Web/HORAIRES%202010/Horaire%20Projections.pdf |archive-date=19 January 2012 |access-date=2010-05-26 |website=festival-cannes.com |publisher=[[Cannes Film Festival]]}}</ref> Nyuma yaje kwerekanwa ahantu henshi habera ibirori harimo iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya filime rya Toronto . Ikwirakwizwa rya Pyramide ryasohoye mu ma kinamico yo mu Bufaransa taliki ya 29 Nzeri <ref>{{Cite web |title=Un Homme qui crie |url=http://www.allocine.fr/film/fichefilm_gen_cfilm=180361.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100421000332/http://www.allocine.fr/film/fichefilm_gen_cfilm%3D180361.html |archive-date=21 April 2010 |access-date=2010-05-26 |website=[[AlloCiné]] |publisher=[[Tiger Management|Tiger Global]] |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=A Screaming Man |url=http://www.tiff.net/filmsandschedules/tiff/2010/screamingman |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100803001155/http://tiff.net/filmsandschedules/tiff/2010/screamingman |archive-date=3 August 2010 |access-date=2010-08-09 |website=tiff.net |publisher=[[Toronto International Film Festival]]}}</ref> === Igisubizo gikomeye === Filime yakiriwe neza n'abayinenga. Isubiramo ryegeranya Rotten Tomatoes ivuga ko 89% kuri 36 banegura umwuga bahaye filime isuzuma ryiza, naho impuzandengo ya 7.2 / 10. Thomas Sotinel yasuzumye film ya ''Le Monde'' . Yatekerejeko ifite ubwiza budashidikanywaho, ariko akomeza agira ati: "Ubu bwiza nabwo buroroshye, kubera ko Mahamat Saleh Haroun atari afite ibikoresho byose nkenerwa kugira ngo yerekane neza icyerekezo cye. Birababaje cyane cyane ko uko ukurikirana kwimuka kw'abaturage ba N'Djamena byerekana neza ko umukinnyi wa filime ashobora guhinduka mu buryo bukomeye igihe isomo rye ribitegetse." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sotinel |first=Thomas |date=2010-09-29 |title='Un homme qui crie' : dans le chaos tchadien, la tragédie d'Adam, père déchu en quête de rédemption |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2010/09/28/un-homme-qui-crie-dans-le-chaos-tchadien-la-tragedie-d-adam-pere-dechu-en-quete-de-redemption_1417050_3476.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20101002083408/http://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2010/09/28/un-homme-qui-crie-dans-le-chaos-tchadien-la-tragedie-d-adam-pere-dechu-en-quete-de-redemption_1417050_3476.html |archive-date=2010-10-02 |access-date=2010-09-29 |website=[[Le Monde]] |language=fr |quote=Cette beauté est aussi fragile, parce que Mahamat Saleh Haroun n'a pas eu tout à fait les moyens nécessaires à la pleine expression de sa vision. C'est d'autant plus rageant que la séquence de l'exode de la population de N'Djamena montre bien que le cinéaste sait passer au grand format lorsque son propos le commande}}</ref> Julien Welter wo muri ''L'Express'' yashimye uburyo Haroun yahisemo kutagira isesengura rinini ku makimbirane yabereye muri Tchad, cyangwa melodrama ivuga ku mibabaro yazanye. Icyifuzo cya Welter ni uko yatekerezaga ko ireme ry'inyandiko ryagabanutse mu gihe cyagatatu, ariko arangiza isubiramo atangaza ko Haroun ari "umuhanzi wakurikira." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Welter |first=Julien |date=2010-09-28 |title=''Un homme qui crie'' |url=http://www.lexpress.fr/culture/cinema/un-homme-qui-crie_922958.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123093932/http://www.lexpress.fr/culture/cinema/un-homme-qui-crie_922958.html |archive-date=23 January 2011 |access-date=2010-10-29 |website=[[L'Express (France)|L'Express]] |language=fr |quote=Mahamat-Saleh Haroun est plus que jamais un artiste à suivre.}}</ref> Umunyamerika wanenze ama filime Roger Ebert yavuze ko yishimiye cyane iyi filime, agira ati: "Ubwiza bwa filime ni ukureba ubuzima bwa Adam, uburyo aha agaciro akazi ke hafi y’umuhungu we, ndetse n’uburyo icyo aricyo yahawe na hoteri y’iburengerazuba byaramurogeye." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |date=2010-05-24 |title=Cannes postmortem. Is that the wrong word? |url=http://blogs.suntimes.com/ebert/2010/05/cannes_post-mortem_or_is_that.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527090625/http://blogs.suntimes.com/ebert/2010/05/cannes_post-mortem_or_is_that.html |archive-date=27 May 2010 |access-date=2010-05-25 |website=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]}}</ref> === IBIHEMBO; === Filime yahawe igihembo cya Cannes Film Festival. Ibi byatumye Haroun ataba umuyobozi wa mbere wa Tchad gusa ufite filime mu marushanwa akomeye, ahubwo yanabaye uwambere wegukanye kimwe mu bihembo by'umunsi mukuru. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chang |first=Justin |date=2010-05-23 |title='Uncle Boonmee' wins Palme d'Or |url=https://www.variety.com/article/VR1118019731.html?categoryid=13&cs=1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121203034252/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118019731.html?categoryid=13&cs=1 |archive-date=2012-12-03 |access-date=2010-05-23 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> A Screaming Man yatsindiye Silver Hugo kubera amashusho meza mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya filime rya 46 rya Chicago . Youssouf Djaoro yahawe Silver Hugo nk'umukinnyi mwiza. <ref>{{Cite web |title=46th Chicago International Film Festival Award Winners Announced |url=http://www.chicagofilmfestival.com/news/display_news.php?article=the_46th_chicago_international_film_festival_award_winners_announced |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708144244/http://www.chicagofilmfestival.com/news/display_news.php?article=the_46th_chicago_international_film_festival_award_winners_announced |archive-date=8 July 2011}}</ref> Mu bihembo bya Lumière 2011, byemejwe n’abanyamakuru b’abanyamahanga bafite icyicaro i Paris, iyi filime yatsindiye igihembo cya Filime nziza y’ururimi rw’igifaransa yaturutse hanze y’Ubufaransa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lemercier |first=Fabien |date=2011-01-17 |title=''Of Gods and Men'' crowned Best Film at Lumières |url=http://cineuropa.org/newsdetail.aspx?lang=en&documentID=194491 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240602183723/https://www.webcitation.org/5yckM9FyG?url=http://cineuropa.org/newsdetail.aspx%3Flang%3Den%26documentID%3D194491 |archive-date=2024-06-02 |access-date=2011-01-17 |website=Cineuropa}}</ref> Filime yatorewe igihembo cya Magritte mu cyiciro cya filime nziza mu mahanga muri Coproduction mu 2012, ariko itsindwa na ''Romantics Anonymous'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Engelen |first=Aurore |date=10 January 2012 |title=Nominations announced for 2nd Magritte Awards |url=http://cineuropa.org/nw.aspx?t=newsdetail&l=en&did=213926 |access-date=12 January 2013 |publisher=Cineuropa}}</ref> '''AMASHAKIRO;''' == Ihuza ryo hanze == * A Screaming Man at IMDb [[Ikiciro:Pages with unreviewed translations]] i018wd7tv07g8u2r7m1motdnghwdfwn 0 20908 132442 128501 2026-06-21T14:26:29Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132442 wikitext text/x-wiki '''AMI-amajwi''' ni [[Radio reading service|serivisi yo gusoma radio]] yo muri Canada ikorwa na Accessible Media Inc. (AMI). Iyi serivisi yatangijwe mu mwaka 1990 nka '''VoicePrint''', iyi serivisi igira gahunda zirimo gusoma ingingo ziva mu binyamakuru byandika ku nyungu zabafite ubumuga bwo kutabona cyangwa batazi gusoma. Serivisi kandi igira AMI yakozwe ivuga ijambo porogaramu rivuga ku ngingo zijyanye n'ubumuga no kugerwaho. AMI-audio yemerewe na komisiyo ishinzwe amaradiyo na televiziyo yo muri Canada (CRTC) nka serivisi igomba gutangwa mu bushishozi; igomba gukoreshwa ku rwego rwo hasi rwa serivisi yemewe, televiziyo ya satelite, hamwe n'abatanga IPTV muri Canada. Serivise kandi itangwa binyuze muri serivise ya AMI +, hamwe na porogaramu imwe iboneka nka podcasts . == AMASHAKIRO; == Iyi serivisi yatangijwe bwa mbere mu mwaka wa 1990 nka VoicePrint, nka serivisi y’ikigo kidaharanira inyungu cyo gusoma no kwandika (NBRS). CRTC yabemereye nka serivisi "igomba gutangira" mu 2001, bivuze ko insinga zose nshya zijyanye n'igihe hamwe n'abatanga ibyogajuru bagomba gutanga serivisi. Porogaramu yayo nayo itangwa na AMI ya sisitemu nshya, harimo na serivise ya AMI +. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Thiessen |first=Connie |date=2025-09-08 |title=AMI unveils fall TV and audio lineup |url=https://broadcastdialogue.com/74587-2/ |access-date=2025-09-09 |website=Broadcast Dialogue |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2023-12-23 |title=Spoken word: The readers who bring the day’s headlines to people with visual disabilities |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-spoken-word-the-readers-who-bring-the-days-headlines-to-people-with/ |access-date=2025-09-09 |work=The Globe and Mail |language=en-CA}}</ref> == IZINDI == * [[Canal M]], serivisi isa (ariko idafitanye isano) mu rurimi [[Igifaransa|rw'igifaransa]] . == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} 5rktwwroiqtyea984qxsaipppxjmedw 0 20964 132504 125319 2026-06-21T21:24:38Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132504 wikitext text/x-wiki Abafite ubumuga b'i Musanze barishimira iterambere bamaze kujyeraho binyuze mu Kwibumbira hamwe (cooperative) Zitandukanye. == Kwibumbira muri Cooperative == Abafite ubumuga b'imusanze basanga intambwe ya mbwere ishimishije aruko wegera abandi mugakorera hamwe kuko aribwo mugera kure. Iyo mufatanije buri wese atanga igitekerezo cy'iterambere rigera kuri buri munyamurwango. == AMASHAKIRO: == https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/musanze-abafite-ubumuga-bigishijwe-ikoranabuhanga-bitezweho-guhanga-udushya#:~:text=Come%20Ndemezo%2C%20Umukozi%20w'umushinga,Urubyiruko%20cy'Akarere%20ka%20Musanze. f3y0r7aj6ng0s395efwypbxhpg0qf4r 0 20989 132445 126065 2026-06-21T14:38:04Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132445 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''ATutor''' ni sisitemu yo ku rubuga rwa interineti ishingiye ku bumenyi bwo kwiga (LMS) ifunguye ku bantu bose (open source). == Koresha == ATutor ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, harimo gucunga amasomo ku murongo, gukomeza iterambere ry'umwuga ku barimu, guteza imbere umwuga, n'ubushakashatsi bw'amasomo. Porogaramu ivugwa ko idasanzwe kubera uburyo bwo kuyigeraho, (ingirakamaro ku bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona); hamwe n'uburyo bukwiye bwo gukoresha uburezi ukurikije ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusuzuma sofutiweya(software) byashyizweho na Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika ishinzwe Amahugurwa n'Iterambere (ASTD). <ref name="ASTD000">{{Cite web |title=About Astd - Astd - Astd |url=http://www.astd.org/astd |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926024728/http://www.astd.org/ASTD |archive-date=2008-09-26 |access-date=2007-08-06}}</ref> <ref name="Clark000"> {{Cite web |title=Technical Evaluation Report 37. Assistive Software for Disabled Learners |url=http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/viewArticle/198/280 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207171400/http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/viewArticle/198/280 |archive-date=2009-02-07 |access-date=2007-08-06}}</ref> ATutor ikoreshwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga kandi yahinduwe cyangwa yashyizwe mu ndimi zirenga cumi n'eshanu, ifite kandi inkunga y'izindi ndimi zirenga mirongo ine ziri mu bikorwa byo gutezwa imbere muri iki gihe. <ref name="InternationalList000">{{Cite web |title=Czech: PREPARATION OF ON-LINE ASSESSMENTS (masters thesis) |url=https://dip.felk.cvut.cz/browse/pdfcache/bicikj1_2006dipl.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718170824/https://dip.felk.cvut.cz/browse/pdfcache/bicikj1_2006dipl.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-18 |access-date=2007-08-09}}</ref> == Kuboneka == ATutor niyo LCMS yambere yubahirije byimazeyo ibisobanuro bya W3C WCAG 1.0 kurwego rwa AA +, yemerera kugera kubintu byose bikubiye muri sisitemu murwego rwose rwabakoresha-uburenganzira, harimo na konti zabayobozi. Kuba ATutor yujuje ibisabwa na XHTML 1.0 bigamije kwemeza ko igaragarira neza kandi igakora kimwe ku ikoranabuhanga ryose ryemewe. Abashinzwe iterambere rya ATutor bemeza ko ari yo yonyine igera kuri porogaramu ya LCMS ku isoko, harimo amafaranga yishyurwa kandi ifunze isoko. Iyi ngingo ya ATutor yemejwe byibuze muri kaminuza imwe yatangajwe na software. <ref name="Clark000"> {{Cite web |title=Technical Evaluation Report 37. Assistive Software for Disabled Learners |url=http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/viewArticle/198/280 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207171400/http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/viewArticle/198/280 |archive-date=2009-02-07 |access-date=2007-08-06}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090207171400/http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/viewArticle/198/280 "Technical Evaluation Report 37. Assistive Software for Disabled Learners"]. </cite></ref> ATutor avugwa kandi mubisobanuro byinshi bya tekiniki hamwe nubumenyi; nibindi byinshi byiyongera mugice cya gatatu byateguwe kandi bikwirakwizwa kugirango bikoreshe hamwe na software. <ref name="Clark000" /> <ref name="Looi000">{{Cite book |last=Looi |first=Chee-Kit |year=2005 |title=Artificial Intelligence in Education Supporting Learning Through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology |publisher=IOS Press |isbn=1-58603-530-4}}</ref> <ref name="Williams000">{{Cite book |last=Williams |first=Roy |year=2003 |title=2nd European Conference on E-Learning Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, 6–7 November 2003 |publisher=Academic Conferences Limited |isbn=0-9544577-4-9}}</ref> <ref name="St.Amant000">{{Cite book |last=St.Amant |first=Kirk |year=2007 |title=Handbook of Research on Open Source Software: Technological, Economic, and Social Perspectives |publisher=Idea Group Inc (IGI) |isbn=978-1-59140-999-1}}</ref> <ref name="Li000">{{Cite book |last=Li |first=Qing |year=2004 |title=New Horizon In Web-based Learning |publisher=World Scientific |isbn=981-256-029-7}}</ref> <ref name="AcademicList000">{{Cite journal |title=Academic research |url=http://csdl2.computer.org/persagen/DLAbsToc.jsp?resourcePath=/dl/proceedings/&toc=comp/proceedings/la-web/2006/2693/00/2693toc.xml&DOI=10.1109/LA-WEB.2006.31 |doi=10.1109/LA-WEB.2006.31 |s2cid=14673078 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2007-08-09}}</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == ATutor yarekuwe bwa mbere mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2002.Byaje bisubiza ubushakashatsi bubiri bwakozwe na rwiyemezamirimo mu myaka yashize bwarebaga uburyo bwo kwiga kuri interineti ku bafite ubumuga. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byerekanaga ko nta na kimwe muri gahunda yo Kwiga yo Kwiga ikunzwe muri kiriya gihe ndetse yatanze ibisobanuro bike hamwe n'amabwiriza yo kugerwaho. Icyo gihe impumyi urugero, ntishobora kwitabira byimazeyo amasomo yo kumurongo. === Ibiranga ibintu === Babiri, muri benshi, ibiboneka muri sisitemu ni inyandiko isimburana kubintu byose biboneka, hamwe na clavier igera kubintu byose bya porogaramu. Hamwe nibi bintu, umuntu wimpumyi arashobora kumva ibice byose bya sisitemu abifashijwemo numusomyi wa ecran, kandi arashobora kugera kuri sisitemu adakeneye imbeba. Ibi biranga kandi byemerera ATutor guhuza tekinoloji zitandukanye zirimo terefone ngendanwa, abafasha mu makuru yihariye (PDAs), hamwe n’urubuga rushingiye ku nyandiko, kuvuga amazina make. ATutor ikubiyemo ibikoresho byandika bikubiyemo abategura gukora ibikoresho byo kwiga byoroshye. Ibisobanuro nkibi bishishikariza abanditsi kongeramo inyandiko iyindi niba bibagiwe gushyiramo imwe mugihe wongeyeho ishusho, kurugero. Igikoresho cyo kwandika kirimo na serivisi y'urubuga rusuzuma uburyo ibintu byemewe byemewe n’ibipimo mpuzamahanga bitandukanye. Usibye gukora ibintu byoroshye, igikoresho ubwacyo kiragerwaho, cyemerera umukoresha wimpumyi gukora ibirimo ubwabo. === Ibiranga imiterere === ATutor nayo yashizweho kugirango ihuze na kimwe mubintu byinshi byo kwigisha no kwiga. Hariho ibice bine byingenzi byerekana iri hame ryishusho: insanganyamatsiko, uburenganzira, ibikoresho byifashishwa, hamwe nitsinda. Sisitemu y'insanganyamatsiko ya ATutor yemerera abayobozi guhitamo byoroshye isura n'imiterere ya sisitemu kubyo bakeneye byihariye. Insanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa muguha ATutor isura nshya, gutanga ibyiciro byamasomo uko basa, cyangwa gutanga verisiyo nyinshi za ATutor kuri sisitemu imwe, aho abakoresha bashobora guhitamo imwe nkigice cyo guhitamo. Sisitemu yuburenganzira ( privelage system) yemera abigisha guha abanyeshuri b'itsinda ry'ishuri uburenganzira bwo gucunga ibikoresho by'ishuri. Abigisha barashobora gukora abafasha cyangwa abarimu bigisha bari bafite ubushobozi buke kuri kimwe mubikoresho byandika cyangwa ubuyobozi. == E-kwiga impaka za patenti == ATutor ni bumwe mu buryo butatu bwo gucunga imyigishirize y’amasoko yitiriwe ikibazo cy’ingutu ku buryo bwa e-kwiga bwatanzwe na Blackboard Inc. muri Nyakanga 2006. Ikigo cyita ku bwisanzure bwa software cyatanze icyifuzo cyo kongera gukora ibizamini mu izina rya ATutor, hamwe n’abandi bakiriya babiri mu mpera za 2006. Mu ntangiriro za 2007 icyifuzo cyo kongera gukora ikizamini cyatanzwe n’ibiro by’Amerika bishinzwe ubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi (USPTO). Niba bigenze neza, icyifuzo kizageraho gihagarike ibirego 44 byose byasabwe na patenti. Mu rwego rwo gushyigikira imbogamizi kuri patenti ya Blackboard, abakorerabushake kurubuga rwa interineti basanze ingero za porogaramu zishaje zakoresheje ibitekerezo byavuzwe na patenti. Aba bakorerabushake bafatanije gukora inyandiko ya Wikipedia ku mateka y’ibidukikije byigamo, itanga ingero nyinshi zubuhanzi bwambere. Byongeye kandi, Greg Gay, umuyobozi w’umushinga wa ATutor yashimangiye ko ashyigikiye icyifuzo cyo kongera gukora ibizamini: "Patenti ku gitekerezo cy’uburezi - ni isano iri hagati y’abanyeshuri, abigisha, n’abayobozi - ntabwo byumvikana. Ibitekerezo nkibi ni ibya rubanda kandi byakorwaga mu binyejana byinshi; ntabwo ari ibisubizo by’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere." '''AMASHAKIRO;''' k6tdotlq8hoqdbor0yx6axexujd7i2i 0 21001 132427 132405 2026-06-21T12:56:56Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 132427 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''3Play Media''' ni urubuga rutanga serivisi zifasha abantu kubona no kumva neza [[Ibinyamakuru byo muri Afurika Kumurongo|ibinyamakuru]] n'amashusho, rukorera i [[Beston Chambeshi|Boston]], muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu ntara ya Massachusetts, rutanga serivisi zo kongeraho amagambo yanditse ku mashusho, no gusobanura amajwi, hamwe na serivisI zanditse kuri tereviziyo, ibiri kuri videwo, na podcast. Icyo kigo yashinzwe na Josh Miller na Chris Antunes mu mwaka wa 2007. == AMATEKA<ref>[https://www.3playmedia.com/company/about/ Learn About 3Play Media]</ref> == 3Play Media yashinzwe mu 2007, yashyizeho uburyo butandukanye bwo kugera ku nzego zirimo itangazamakuru n'imyidagaduro, uburezi, ibigo, guverinoma, na e-learning. Isosiyete yaguze Captionmax, itanga amakuru ku b'itangazamakuru, muri Gashyantare 2022 yaguye itangwa rya 3Play Media mu magambo yanditse neza na serivisi zitanga amakuru. Kugura byatumye Captionmax yisubiraho nka 3Play Media ku ya 21 Nzeri 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2022 |title=3Play Media Acquires Localization and Accessibility Provider Captionmax |url=https://slator.com/3play-media-acquires-localization-accessibility-provider-captionmax/ |access-date=2023-08-21 |website=Slator}}</ref> Captionmax yashinzwe mu 1993, yatanze ibisobanuro mu mashusho ya videwo, hamwe n’inyandiko zamamaza ku bakiriya barenga 450(magana ane mirongo itanu), harimo imiyoboro minini ya televiziyo na radiyo, situdiyo, ibigo by’uburezi, ndetse n’amasosiyete. Kuba Captionmax yaguze National Captioning Canada muri Werurwe 2021 yarushijeho kwagura serivisi zayo zo kugera ku itangazamakuru. 3Play Media ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya cloud, machine Learning, n'abantu basuzuma kugira ngo itange serivisi zizewe zorohera abantu kubona no kumva ibirimo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=About 3Play Media |url=https://www.3playmedia.com |access-date=2023-08-21 |website=3Play Media}}</ref> == Reba kandi == * Ibisobanuro bifunze * Ibisobanuro byamajwi * Subtitles == AMASHAKIRO; == mfymfwtnm87b4pq8udfub3jvgmzab0u 0 21007 132505 125372 2026-06-21T21:27:43Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132505 wikitext text/x-wiki Abafite ubumuga b'ingororero barishimira inkunga bahabwa na Karere mu rwego rwo kwiteza imbere. == IMBOGAMIZI [https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-bo-mu-karere-ka-ngororero-bishimiye-ko-akarere-katangiye] == Abibumbiye mu ihuriro ry'abafite ubumuga bo mu karere ka Ngororero, baragaragaza imbogamizi bahura nazo za bana batagana ishuri kubera imyumvire ndetse imiterere ya Karere ka Ngororero hakiyongeraho ko biterwa no kwivuza '''AMASHAKIRO;''' https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-bo-mu-karere-ka-ngororero-bishimiye-ko-akarere-katangiye 4utlke3w38mw6iatdzpskmwkhd42m1v 0 21437 132485 131567 2026-06-21T18:38:55Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{\sandbox}} [[Dosiye:LL-Q33573 (kin)-Anne Peline-Huro.wav|thumb|<mark>Umusozi wa Huro uherereye mu Mudugudu wa Huro, Akagari ka Gakenke mu Murenge wa Muhondo mu Akarere ka Gakenke</mark>. Uyu musozi uzwi cyane mu mateka y’u Rwanda nk’icyicaro cy’ingenzi cyategurirwagamo imbuto n’amasaka byakwifashishwaga mu Umunuganura kuva mu kinyejana cya 16.]] '''UMUSOZI WA HURO''' ni [[umusozi]] uherereye mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Gakenke|Gakenke,]]<nowiki/>uri mu mudugudu wa Huro, akagari ka Gakenke,umurenge wa Muhondo. Kera hahoze hitwa i Bumbogo. Amateka agaragaza ko [[umurwa]] wa abanyamihango b'umuganura bitwaga [[abiru]] bo kwa myaka bari bashinzwe gutegura imbuto arizo amasaka n<nowiki>'uburo. Aha i Huro hahurizwaga imbuto zarobanuwe neza kandi zizira icyasha zikoherezwa ibwami gukoreshwa mu mihango y'umuganura ,ari naho havuye imvugo yakwirakwiye mu Rwanda ngo '' ihuriro ni i HURO ''. Bashakaga kuvuga yuko abazanye imbuto n'</nowiki>abazijyanye bahurira i Huro. Mudahinyuka Paulin w’imyaka 78, uri mu basaza batuye i Huro, yavuze ko mu gihe cyo gutoranya imbuto babyitagaho kandi nta mugore wari wemerewe gukora mu mbuto ngo atayanduza bitewe no gutinya ko yazakoramo ari mu gihe cy’imihango abakera bafataga nk’igihe cyanduye. Ati “Bakoraga uko bashoboye bakarobanura [[Urubuto|imbuto]] nziza itarangiritse izabasha kumera bitagoranye, kandi [[Umugore|abagore]] bari babujijwe gukorakora iyo mbuto ngo itazagenda yarangiritse, ndetse n’abagabo ntibakoreshagamo intoki, ahubwo bakoresha agati bitaga ‘isando’, birinda kuyangiza.” Iyi mbuto yajyaga ibwami iherekejwe n’ingoma n’inzoga z’imitsama zateguwe, kugira ngo bimurikirwe Umwami, abiheshe umugisha. Mudahinyuka, yakomeje avuga ko Umwami yazaga ari kumwe n’umuganuza mukuru bagashyira intoki mu gitenga (ikibo kinini), cyuzuye imbuto maze zigasesekara ku butaka, ubwo “umwami akaba atanze imbuto kuko isesekaye ku butaka bw’u [[Rwanda]].” Kimwe mu bimenyetso bikiranga amateka ya Huro twavugamo Ivubiro ryahashyizwe n'umuvubyi witwaga Minyaruko wa Nyamikenke.wari umutware w'ubusigi mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatandatu(16)abisabwe na [[Ruganzu II Ndoli|Ruganzu II ndori.]]<ref>[https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/gakenke-umusozi-wa-huro-ubumbatiye-amateka-y-umuganura-ugiye-kubakwaho-inzu-y https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/gakenke-umusozi-wa-huro]</ref><ref>[https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/gakenke-umusozi-wa-huro-ubumbatiye-amateka-y-umuganura-ugiye-kubakwaho-inzu-y https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/gakenke-umusozi-wa-huro]</ref>nan'uyu munsi hakaba hakiri ikibinsi kiri mu gihuru kirimo amazi.Iri vubiro ryifashishwaga n'Abiru b'Abahinzi bo kwa Myaka bapima imvura kugirango bamenye niba izagwa vuba cyangwa izatinda maze babona izatinda bakihutira kubimenyesha [[Umwami]] nuko nawe agashaka uburyo ayivubisha vuba. kandi mubindi bice by'amateka biri muri Gakenke twavugamo umusozi wa Kabuye ahari iriba rya Nyirarucyaba n'Ubuvumo bw'Umwami,hari kandi i Mbirima ya Matovu mu murenge wa Coko ahari amateka y'Abami;lbuye rya Bajyejye riri muri santere ya Gakenke,n'ahandi. t4whgc9hlbr9cea8b8j04xtxivdea45 2 21465 132446 127509 2026-06-21T15:00:45Z B.Scalling 15089 /* */ 132446 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 3 22654 132513 131951 2026-06-22T01:52:26Z MediaWiki message delivery 4287 /* Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-26 */ new section 132513 wikitext text/x-wiki == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-21 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Stela of the cactus bearer]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Estela del portador del cactus]])&#32;([[:ca:Estela del portador del cactus]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Estela Wachumero en Chavin.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''stela of the cactus bearer''' is a monolith or stele of a single piece of granite, belonging to the Chavín culture of ancient Peru, which remains in its original location on the northwest side of the circular plaza at the archaeological site known as the ceremonial center of Chavín de Huántar in the Ancash region of Peru. It was discovered during the 1972 excavation season by Peruvian archaeologist Luis Guillermo Lumbreras. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ibiganiro by'umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 04:05, 21 Gicurasi 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30529698 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-22 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Griffith Hughes]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The Reverend '''Griffith Hughes''' (1707 – c.1758), FRS, was a Welsh naturalist, clergyman, and author. Hughes wrote The Natural History of Barbados, which included the first description of the grapefruit (also known as "The Forbidden Fruit"). His work was praised by Linnaeus, but it has also been considered a "scientific fraud". <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ibiganiro by'umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:32, 25 Gicurasi 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30529698 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-23 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Umuganda]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Umuganda"Rwandan community work".jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Umuganda''' is a national holiday in Rwanda taking place on the last Saturday of every month for mandatory nationwide community service from 08:00 to 11:00. Participation in Umuganda is required by law; failure to participate can result in a fine. The program was most recently re-established under President Paul Kagame in 2009, having resulted in a notable improvement in the cleanliness of Rwanda. Also, there are other informal Umuganda day activities that occur in the middle of the month. These activities are initiated by either society or the government. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ibiganiro by'umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:56, 1 Kamena 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30529698 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-24 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Juryeonggu]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:kr:주령구]])&#32;([[:ja:酒令具]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:주령구의 발굴 당시 사진.png|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Il '''Juryeonggu''' (주령구?, 酒令具?, JuryeongguLR, ChuryŏngguMR) è un dado a 14 facce, risalente al periodo del Silla unificato (668-935 d.C.), ritrovato nel 1975 dopo alcuni scavi occorsi presso il Donggung e lo stagno Wolji di Gyeongju, in Corea del Sud. Le facce del dado mostravano inscrizioni recanti varie penalità o sfide, legate ad un gioco di bevute, dimostrando l'importanza dell'alcool e la raffinatezza con cui la sua assunzione veniva celebrata. L'artefatto originale è andato perduto, incendiato in un maldestro tentativo di preservazione: oggi ne esistono delle repliche, disponibili anche commercialmente. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ibiganiro by'umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:20, 8 Kamena 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30622359 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-25 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Cape Fiolent]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Beach of Cape Fiolent, Crimea.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Cape Fiolent''' (Crimean Tatar: Felenk Burun; Ukrainian: Фіолент; Russian: Фиолент; Latin: Parthenium), also historically called Cape Fiolente, is a cape and nature reserve (zakaznik) located in southern Sevastopol, a city within Crimea that is internationally recognised as part of Ukraine but currently occupied by Russia since 2014. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ibiganiro by'umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:24, 15 Kamena 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30662919 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-26 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Renovating Action Party]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Partido de Acción Renovadora]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Flag of the Renovating Action Party.svg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Renovating Action Party''' was a left-wing Salvadoran political party that existed from 1944 to 1967. The party had three distinct phases of its existence under the leaderships of Colonel José Asencio Menéndez (1944–1950), the old line (1950–1964), and the new line (1964–1967). <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ibiganiro by'umukoresha:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:52, 22 Kamena 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> 6wew9zywetpxu0sowh4ros4nlbjoh47 0 22943 132501 132372 2026-06-21T20:55:35Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 132501 wikitext text/x-wiki Kabendera Shinani yari umunyamakuru wari ufite amaraso ya Uganda, Tanzania n'u Rwanda. Uyu Shinani yishwe 2000 azize abagizi ba nabi, akaba yarazwi mu kuvuga amakuru ndetse no kogeza umupira wa maguru mu rurimi rw'Igiswahili.<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/nyiringanzo-amateka-ya-kabendera-shinani-ufite-amaraso-ya-uganda-tanzania-n-u-rwanda</ref> == AMATEKA YA KABENDERA SHINANI == Kabendera Shinani yavutse taliki 12/12/1949 yavukiye muri Tanzania k'umugabo ukomoka muri Uganda n'umugore ukomoka muri Tanzania, ariko Shinani akaba yarafashe ubwenegihugu bwa nyina. Ababyeyi ba Shinani batandukanye ari muto nyina agaruka mu Rwanda(i Nyanza), hanyuma Shinani amaze kugeza imyaka 22 yigira inama yo kuza mu Rwanda gushaka nyina ahagana mu 1972, nawe birangira ahashatse umunyarwandakazi ariwe nyina wa Tdjala,nawe wamenyekanye nka Tdjala Kabendera wateye ikirenge mu cya se mu itangazamakuru. Shinani yageze mu Rwanda ntiyahita abonana na nyina ariko aza kubona akazi k'itangazamakuru kuko mu itangazamakuru bashakaga umuntu utyaye mu rurimi rw'Igiswahili abona akazi atyo kuko ururimi rwe kavukire ari Igiswahili nk'umutanzaniya uvuka k'umunyarwandakazi. Kabendera Shinani uretse n'itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda yakoze no ku maradiyo mpuzamahanga mu mashami y'Igiswahili.<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/nyiringanzo-amateka-ya-kabendera-shinani-ufite-amaraso-ya-uganda-tanzania-n-u-rwanda</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == d5zf4ug1q1g1jlathhotv9zdf18vev2 0 22948 132438 2026-06-21T13:54:42Z HiAmos 18412 ubusobanuro 132438 wikitext text/x-wiki Ubwenge Buhangano ('''''Artificial Intelligence''''' cyangwa AI) ni ikoranabuhanga rituma imashini cyangwa mudasobwa zishobora gutekereza, kwiga, no gukora imirimo isanzwe ikorwa n'ubwenge bw'abantuUbwenge buhangano (AI) mu Rwanda ni rimwe mu mashami y'ikoranabuhanga arimo kwihutisha iterambere mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubuzima, uburezi, ubuhinzi, n'imiyoborere. Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yashyizeho politiki zigamije gushyigikira ishoramari muri uru rwego no guhugura urubyiruko kugira ngo igihugu kibe ihuriro ry'ikoranabuhano ku Isi<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-gushyirwaho-ikigo-gishinzwe-ikoranabuhanga-ry-ubwenge-buhangano</ref> fibuqokuxwjj8r84emno9o39oidnc1y 132440 132438 2026-06-21T14:04:59Z HiAmos 18412 nongeye andi makuru 132440 wikitext text/x-wiki Ubwenge Buhangano ('''''Artificial Intelligence''''' cyangwa AI) ni ikoranabuhanga rituma imashini cyangwa mudasobwa zishobora gutekereza, kwiga, no gukora imirimo isanzwe ikorwa n'ubwenge bw'abantuUbwenge buhangano (AI) mu Rwanda ni rimwe mu mashami y'ikoranabuhanga arimo kwihutisha iterambere mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubuzima, uburezi, ubuhinzi, n'imiyoborere. Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yashyizeho politiki zigamije gushyigikira ishoramari muri uru rwego no guhugura urubyiruko kugira ngo igihugu kibe ihuriro ry'ikoranabuhano ku Isi<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-gushyirwaho-ikigo-gishinzwe-ikoranabuhanga-ry-ubwenge-buhangano</ref> U Rwanda na UAE byashyize umukono ku masezerano i Dubai ku wa 31 Nyakanga 2025 agamije guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga no gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ya C4IR. Aya masezerano ashyigikira gahunda ya NST2 y’u Rwanda igamije kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga kandi muri iyo gahunda, abantu babarirwa muri miliyoni, cyane cyane urubyiruko, bazahabwa amasomo ya coding mu myaka itanu iri imbere, mu gihe abandi ibihumbi 500 bazahugurwa ku rwego rwo hejuru mu ikoranabuhanga hagamijwe kongera ubumenyi n’ubushobozi bwabo<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-gushyirwaho-ikigo-gishinzwe-ikoranabuhanga-ry-ubwenge-buhangano</ref> a3cm20cohkddrlmrow4x1tjrbcwly14 132447 132440 2026-06-21T15:23:01Z HiAmos 18412 Nongeye andi makuru 132447 wikitext text/x-wiki Ubwenge Buhangano ('''''Artificial Intelligence''''' cyangwa AI) ni ikoranabuhanga rituma imashini cyangwa mudasobwa zishobora gutekereza, kwiga, no gukora imirimo isanzwe ikorwa n'ubwenge bw'abantuUbwenge buhangano (AI) mu Rwanda ni rimwe mu mashami y'ikoranabuhanga arimo kwihutisha iterambere mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubuzima, uburezi, ubuhinzi, n'imiyoborere. Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yashyizeho politiki zigamije gushyigikira ishoramari muri uru rwego no guhugura urubyiruko kugira ngo igihugu kibe ihuriro ry'ikoranabuhano ku Isi<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-gushyirwaho-ikigo-gishinzwe-ikoranabuhanga-ry-ubwenge-buhangano</ref> U Rwanda na UAE byashyize umukono ku masezerano i Dubai ku wa 31 Nyakanga 2025 agamije guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga no gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ya C4IR. Aya masezerano ashyigikira gahunda ya NST2 y’u Rwanda igamije kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga kandi muri iyo gahunda, abantu babarirwa muri miliyoni, cyane cyane urubyiruko, bazahabwa amasomo ya coding mu myaka itanu iri imbere, mu gihe abandi ibihumbi 500 bazahugurwa ku rwego rwo hejuru mu ikoranabuhanga hagamijwe kongera ubumenyi n’ubushobozi bwabo<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-gushyirwaho-ikigo-gishinzwe-ikoranabuhanga-ry-ubwenge-buhangano</ref> ==== '''Ese ubwenge Buhangano Busasimbura Umuntu?''' ==== Ubwenge buhangano (AI) ntibuzasimbura ubwenge bwa muntu cyangwa abarimu, ahubwo buzabafasha gukora akazi kabo neza kandi vuba. Ibi byagarutsweho n’impuguke mu kiganiro EdTech Monday, zigaragaza ko AI ifasha abarimu gukurikirana imyigire y’abanyeshuri no gukosora imikoro mu gihe gito, ariko ko icyemezo cya nyuma n’ubusesenguzi bikomeza gukorwa n’umuntu, n'ubwo u Rwanda rukomeje guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga no guhugura abarimu benshi ku ikoreshwa rya AI mu burezi, haracyari imbogamizi zirimo ibura ry’ububiko buhagije bw’amakuru (Data Centre). Impuguke zirasaba abanyeshuri n’abarimu gukomeza kwihugura mu ikoranabuhanga no gukoresha AI nk’igikoresho kibafasha, aho kubifata nk’ikizasimbura abantu<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/ntabwo-ubwenge-buhangano-bwasimbura-ubwa-muntu-impuguke</ref> qkhccwdxks2kaxsqii116l71l1cbn1e 132448 132447 2026-06-21T15:24:33Z HiAmos 18412 gukosora imyandikire 132448 wikitext text/x-wiki Ubwenge Buhangano (AI) ni ikoranabuhanga rituma imashini cyangwa mudasobwa zishobora gutekereza, kwiga, no gukora imirimo isanzwe ikorwa n'ubwenge bw'abantu , AI mu Rwanda ni rimwe mu mashami y'ikoranabuhanga arimo kwihutisha iterambere mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubuzima, uburezi, ubuhinzi, n'imiyoborere. Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yashyizeho politiki zigamije gushyigikira ishoramari muri uru rwego no guhugura urubyiruko kugira ngo igihugu kibe ihuriro ry'ikoranabuhano ku Isi<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-gushyirwaho-ikigo-gishinzwe-ikoranabuhanga-ry-ubwenge-buhangano</ref> U Rwanda na UAE byashyize umukono ku masezerano i Dubai ku wa 31 Nyakanga 2025 agamije guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga no gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ya C4IR. Aya masezerano ashyigikira gahunda ya NST2 y’u Rwanda igamije kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga kandi muri iyo gahunda, abantu babarirwa muri miliyoni, cyane cyane urubyiruko, bazahabwa amasomo ya coding mu myaka itanu iri imbere, mu gihe abandi ibihumbi 500 bazahugurwa ku rwego rwo hejuru mu ikoranabuhanga hagamijwe kongera ubumenyi n’ubushobozi bwabo<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-gushyirwaho-ikigo-gishinzwe-ikoranabuhanga-ry-ubwenge-buhangano</ref> ==== '''Ese ubwenge Buhangano Busasimbura Umuntu?''' ==== Ubwenge buhangano (AI) ntibuzasimbura ubwenge bwa muntu cyangwa abarimu, ahubwo buzabafasha gukora akazi kabo neza kandi vuba. Ibi byagarutsweho n’impuguke mu kiganiro EdTech Monday, zigaragaza ko AI ifasha abarimu gukurikirana imyigire y’abanyeshuri no gukosora imikoro mu gihe gito, ariko ko icyemezo cya nyuma n’ubusesenguzi bikomeza gukorwa n’umuntu, n'ubwo u Rwanda rukomeje guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga no guhugura abarimu benshi ku ikoreshwa rya AI mu burezi, haracyari imbogamizi zirimo ibura ry’ububiko buhagije bw’amakuru (Data Centre). Impuguke zirasaba abanyeshuri n’abarimu gukomeza kwihugura mu ikoranabuhanga no gukoresha AI nk’igikoresho kibafasha, aho kubifata nk’ikizasimbura abantu<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/ntabwo-ubwenge-buhangano-bwasimbura-ubwa-muntu-impuguke</ref> acmmhf2cjgabv7xrhv45tmbwigyqntp 132449 132448 2026-06-21T15:30:20Z HiAmos 18412 Nongeye andi makuru 132449 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''Ubwenge Buhangano niki?''' === Ubwenge Buhangano (AI) ni ikoranabuhanga rituma imashini cyangwa mudasobwa zishobora gutekereza, kwiga, no gukora imirimo isanzwe ikorwa n'ubwenge bw'abantu , AI mu Rwanda ni rimwe mu mashami y'ikoranabuhanga arimo kwihutisha iterambere mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubuzima, uburezi, ubuhinzi, n'imiyoborere. Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yashyizeho politiki zigamije gushyigikira ishoramari muri uru rwego no guhugura urubyiruko kugira ngo igihugu kibe ihuriro ry'ikoranabuhano ku Isi<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-gushyirwaho-ikigo-gishinzwe-ikoranabuhanga-ry-ubwenge-buhangano</ref> U Rwanda na UAE byashyize umukono ku masezerano i Dubai ku wa 31 Nyakanga 2025 agamije guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga no gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ya C4IR. Aya masezerano ashyigikira gahunda ya NST2 y’u Rwanda igamije kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga kandi muri iyo gahunda, abantu babarirwa muri miliyoni, cyane cyane urubyiruko, bazahabwa amasomo ya coding mu myaka itanu iri imbere, mu gihe abandi ibihumbi 500 bazahugurwa ku rwego rwo hejuru mu ikoranabuhanga hagamijwe kongera ubumenyi n’ubushobozi bwabo<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-gushyirwaho-ikigo-gishinzwe-ikoranabuhanga-ry-ubwenge-buhangano</ref> ==== '''Ese ubwenge Buhangano Busasimbura Umuntu?''' ==== Ubwenge buhangano (AI) ntibuzasimbura ubwenge bwa muntu cyangwa abarimu, ahubwo buzabafasha gukora akazi kabo neza kandi vuba. Ibi byagarutsweho n’impuguke mu kiganiro EdTech Monday, zigaragaza ko AI ifasha abarimu gukurikirana imyigire y’abanyeshuri no gukosora imikoro mu gihe gito, ariko ko icyemezo cya nyuma n’ubusesenguzi bikomeza gukorwa n’umuntu, n'ubwo u Rwanda rukomeje guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga no guhugura abarimu benshi ku ikoreshwa rya AI mu burezi, haracyari imbogamizi zirimo ibura ry’ububiko buhagije bw’amakuru (Data Centre). Impuguke zirasaba abanyeshuri n’abarimu gukomeza kwihugura mu ikoranabuhanga no gukoresha AI nk’igikoresho kibafasha, aho kubifata nk’ikizasimbura abantu<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/ntabwo-ubwenge-buhangano-bwasimbura-ubwa-muntu-impuguke</ref> === '''Ubwenge Buhangano mu Itangazamakuru''' === Ubwenge buhangano (AI) bukomeje guhindura uburyo itangazamakuru rikora, bufasha mu gukusanya, gutunganya no gutangaza amakuru mu buryo bwihuse kandi bunoze. Nubwo iri koranabuhanga ritanga amahirwe menshi yo koroshya akazi no kongera umusaruro, impuguke zigaragaza ko ridashobora gusimbura burundu abanyamakuru. Ahubwo AI ikwiye gukoreshwa nk’igikoresho kibafasha gukora neza no gutanga amakuru ku gihe, mu gihe umuntu akomeza kugira uruhare rukomeye mu kugenzura no gufata ibyemezo bya nyuma. Ibi bituma amahame y’itangazamakuru, arimo ukuri, ubwizerwe n’ubunyamwuga, akomeza kubahirizwa nubwo ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere<ref>https://www.igihe.com/ikoranabuhanga/article/ubwenge-buhangano-inkota-y-amugi-abiri-ku-itangazamakuru-ry-ubu</ref> 9aoceyan53lpenvp9z7pacr5hylr3w2 0 22949 132456 2026-06-21T17:19:39Z HiAmos 18412 gutangira inkuru 132456 wikitext text/x-wiki Mu ijoro ryo ku wa 10 Kamena 2026, u Rwanda rwatangaje impinduka muri Guverinoma, aho Minisiteri y’Ibikorwaremezo yahawe abayobozi bashya barimo Murwanashyaka Damien, umugabo watangiriye urugendo rwe mu rwego rw’ubwubatsi rufatwa nk’urw’abafundi n’abakora imirimo yo mu kibuga (field work), ariko akaza kugera ku rwego rwo kuyobora imishinga minini y’Igihugu, Murwanashyaka Damien ni inzobere mu bwubatsi (Civil Engineer) ifite uburambe bw’imyaka irenga 15 mu mishinga y’iterambere n’ibikorwaremezo. Yabanje gukora mu bigo bitandukanye by’ubwubatsi nka ROKO Construction Ltd, Real Contractors Ltd na Gasabo 3D Design Ltd, aho yagiye yunguka ubumenyi buhambaye mu igenamigambi, igenzura ry’imishinga n’imicungire y’ubwubatsi. Nyuma yaje no kuyobora ikigo Preferred Contractors, bikamufasha kurushaho kwagura ubunararibonye mu buyobozi<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/umwubatsi-yisanze-ari-minisitiri-video</ref>. o9wnsugd6468y087jyx30lbfd3z2rz6 0 22950 132536 2026-06-22T10:01:35Z Elysee 2006 17908 Gutangiza urupapuro 132536 wikitext text/x-wiki Niyomwungeri Ildebrand yavutse mumwaka wa 1986 avukira mumurenge wa Gatare muri Nyamagabe. Amashuri abanza n'ayisumbuye yabyize mukarere ka Nyamagabe yakomereje muri Kaminuza Nkuru y'u Rwanda (NUR): Yayizemo icyiciro cy'amashuri makuru (BSc with Hons in Chemistry) kuva mu mwaka wa 2007 kugeza mu 2011. Aha ni naho yabaye Umuyobozi w'Abanyeshuri (Guild President) hagati ya 2010 na 2011. Yakomereje mububiligi (Ghent University) Yayizemo icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza (Master of Science - MSc) mu bijyanye n'Isuku n'Ibidukikije (Environmental Sanitation) kuva mu mwaka wa 2013 kugeza mu 2015. 8gr00tivp1o9c19vnfd050i8mfgrzz0