Akarere ka Muhanga

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    <title>Akarere ka Muhanga</title>
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      <comment>NONGEYEMO IFOTO YIKIRANGO CYEREKANA UBURYO MUHANGA IGIRA URUHARE MW'ICUKURWA RY'MABUYE Y'AGACIRO</comment>
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[[Ikiciro:Intara y’Amajyepfo y’U Rwanda]]
[[Ikiciro:Intara y'amajyepfo]]
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Akarere ka Muhanga &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.muhanga.gov.rw/ Ahabanza]&lt;/ref&gt;ni kamwe mu turere 8 tugize [[Intara y'amajyepfo|intara y'Amajyepfo]]. kagizwe n'imirenge 12, [[Akagari|utugari]] 63 n'imidugudu 331. akarere ka muhanga gafite ubuso bwa Km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; 647.7, Gatuwe n'abaturage bangana na 357.904 n'ingo 87.342 (Ref. Ubud. MEIS Report 10/2020)

Akarere ka Muhanga gafite ubucucike bw'abaturage 552 kuri Km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; imwe.

Akarere ka Muhanga ni kamwe muturere dutandatu twunganira umujyi wa Kigali

=== Uturere duhana imbibi n'akarere ka Muhanga&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;: ===
- Amajyaruguru: [[Akarere ka Gakenke|Akarere Ka Gakenke]]

- Amajyepfo: [[Akarere ka Ruhango]] n' [[Akarere ka Kamonyi]]

- Iburengerazuba:Akarere ka Ngororero n' [[Akarere ka Karongi]]

== '''Dore ibiranga akarere ka Muhanga:''' ==
Akarere ka Muhanga kagizwe n’ibice bibiri by’ingenzi aribyo: igice cy’umujyi kigizwe n’Umurenge wa Nyamabuye, Akagari ka Ruli, mu Murenge wa Shyogwe n’Akagari ka Makera mu Murenge wa Cyeza.

Igice cy’icyaro kigizwe n’Imirenge ya Nyabinoni, Rongi, Kibangu, Kiyumba, Kabacuzi, Rugendabari, Muhanga, Mushishiro na Nyarusange, Utugari dutanu tw’Umurenge wa Cyeza n’Utugari dutatu tw’Umurenge wa Shyogwe.

Icyicaro cy’Akarere ka Muhanga kiri mu Murenge wa Nyamabuye, mu Mujyi wa Muhanga, ku birometero 50 uvuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Akarere ka Muhanga gatuwe n’abaturage 378,760 (Abagabo ni 178.452:49.8%; [[Umugore|Abagore]] ni 179.452: 50.2%) babarizwa mu ngo 87.342.

=== 2. Ubukungu&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.kigalitoday.com/Muhanga Muhanga - Kigali Today]&lt;/ref&gt; ===
Akarere ka Muhanga kagira ibikorwa byinshi by'ubukungu, harimo:

*'''Ubucuruzi''': Muhanga ifite umujyi mukuru kandi ni igicumbi cy'ubucuruzi, aho habera ibikorwa byinshi by'ubucuruzi bikomeye. Hari amasoko y’ibiribwa, ibikoresho by’[[ubuhinzi]], ndetse n’amaduka menshi acuruza ibikoresho bitandukanye.
* '''Inganda''': Muhanga ni akarere kagira inganda zitandukanye, by'umwihariko inganda zitunganya ibikomoka ku buhinzi n'ibikoresho by’ubuzima. Izi nganda zifasha mu kongera agaciro ku musaruro no kuzamura ubukungu bw’akarere.

* '''Ubuhinzi''': Ubuhinzi ni ishingiro ry'ubukungu bw'Akarere ka Muhanga. Abaturage bo muri Muhanga bakora cyane mu buhinzi bw'ibihingwa birimo '''ibishyimbo''', '''[[Ikigori|ibigori]]''', '''imiteja''' (amashyamba), ndetse n'imbuto. Akarere ka Muhanga gashimangira iterambere ry’ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere.
* '''Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro'''
* [[Dosiye:Muhanga Business City Monument.jpg|thumb|Ikibumbano kigaragaza uburyo Muhanga itanga umusanzu munini mu gihugu binyuze mu nganda z'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro]]

=== 3. Ubukerarugendo&lt;ref&gt;[https://ickjournalism.com/lander?oref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bing.com%2F ickjournalism.com/lander?oref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bing.com%2F]&lt;/ref&gt; ===
Akarere ka Muhanga kafite amahirwe mu bukerarugendo, harimo ahantu nyaburanga h’ibikorwa byinshi byo gusura&lt;ref&gt;[https://fdo.net.rw/imyanya-25-yakazi-ko-kuba-dasso-akarere-ka-muhanga-ntucikwe-naya-mahirwe/ Imyanya 25 y'akazi ko kuba DASSO | Akarere ka Muhanga | Ntucikwe n'aya mahirwe - Free digital opportunities]&lt;/ref&gt;:

* '''Ibiyaga n’ibishanga''': Akarere ka Muhanga gafite amahirwe mu bijyanye n'ubukerarugendo, cyane cyane ahantu hasurwa, harimo ibikorwa by’ubukerarugendo birimo kugenda mu mazi cyangwa kuzenguruka mu bishanga.
* '''Umuco gakondo''': Muhanga izwi kandi ku bw’umuco wayo, aho abaturage babarizwa mu miryango itandukanye n’amateka akomeye.

=== 4. Ibikorwa Remezo ===

* [[Dosiye:Nyabugogo Bridge on the Kigali-Muhanga Road (NR1).jpg|thumb|umuhanda wo mu karere ka muhanga]]'''Imihanda''': Akarere ka Muhanga gafite imihanda myiza ituma abantu bagenda neza kandi hakaba hatangwa serivisi nziza z’imihanda. Akarere gafite imihanda ihuza [[Kigali]] n’utundi turere, bikaba byoroshye kwimuka.
* '''[[Amashuri y' incuke mu Rwanda|Amashuri]]''': Muhanga ifite amashuri menshi yisumbuye n’amashuri abanza, bituma abatuye ako karere babona amahirwe yo kwiga.
* '''Ibigo Nderabuzima''': Akarere ka Muhanga gifite ibigo nderabuzima byinshi, aho abaturage babasha kubona serivisi z’ubuzima z’ibanze.

=== 5. Iterambere ry’Imibereho&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.webrwanda.com/2025/08/akarere-ka-muhanga-kari-kubakira.html Akarere ka Muhanga kari kubakira imiryango isaga 140 itishoboye - #rwanda #RwOT]&lt;/ref&gt; ===

* '''Amazi meza''': Akarere ka Muhanga kagiye [[gashora]] imari mu gushaka uburyo bwo kugeza amazi meza ku baturage. Hari gahunda yo kubaka ibikorwa byo kugeza amazi meza ku baturage benshi, bigafasha mu kurwanya indwara zandurira mu mazi.
* '''Gahunda yo kubaka ibikorwa remezo''': Muhanga ikomeje gushyira imbere imishinga yo kubaka ibikorwa remezo byiza, birimo amashuri, ibigo nderabuzima, no kubaka imihanda n’ibiraro.

=== 6. Imbogamizi n'Icyerekezo ===
Nubwo akarere ka Muhanga kagira ibikorwa byiza by’iterambere, hakiri imbogamizi mu bijyanye n’ubushomeri, kugera ku masoko, ndetse no kongera amahirwe mu by'ubukungu no guhangana n’ubukene. Ariko, hamwe n’imishinga y’iterambere, akarere ka Muhanga kirimo gufata intambwe zikomeye mu gukemura izi mbogamizi.

=== Icyerekezo ===

* Guteza imbere ubuhinzi bunoze no gukoresha [[IKORANABUHANGA (ubusobanuro)|ikoranabuhanga]] mu guhinga.
* Kongera ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi no gushyira imbaraga mu kubaka inganda n’ibikorwa remezo.
* Kubyaza umusaruro ibiyaga n’ubukerarugendo kugira ngo hatangwe amahirwe yo kwihangira imirimo.

[[Dosiye:Jerome Muhanga.jpg|thumb|ikirango cy'ubukungu mu karere ka ruhango]]
Akarere ka Muhanga ni akarere k’ibikorwa byinshi by’[[iterambere]], kikomeje gufasha mu kuzamura imibereho y’abaturage bacyo no guteza imbere igihugu muri rusange.


== Amashakiro ==
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[[Ikiciro:Intara y’Amajyepfo y’U Rwanda]]
[[Ikiciro:Intara y'amajyepfo]]
{{\sandbox}}{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q136465380}}

Akarere ka Muhanga &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.muhanga.gov.rw/ Ahabanza]&lt;/ref&gt;ni kamwe mu turere 8 tugize [[Intara y'amajyepfo|intara y'Amajyepfo]]. kagizwe n'imirenge 12, [[Akagari|utugari]] 63 n'imidugudu 331. akarere ka muhanga gafite ubuso bwa Km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; 647.7, Gatuwe n'abaturage bangana na 357.904 n'ingo 87.342 (Ref. Ubud. MEIS Report 10/2020)

Akarere ka Muhanga gafite ubucucike bw'abaturage 552 kuri Km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; imwe.

Akarere ka Muhanga ni kamwe muturere dutandatu twunganira umujyi wa Kigali

=== Uturere duhana imbibi n'akarere ka Muhanga&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;: ===
- Amajyaruguru: [[Akarere ka Gakenke|Akarere Ka Gakenke]]

- Amajyepfo: [[Akarere ka Ruhango]] n' [[Akarere ka Kamonyi]]

- Iburengerazuba:Akarere ka Ngororero n' [[Akarere ka Karongi]]

== '''Dore ibiranga akarere ka Muhanga:''' ==
Akarere ka Muhanga kagizwe n’ibice bibiri by’ingenzi aribyo: igice cy’umujyi kigizwe n’Umurenge wa Nyamabuye, Akagari ka Ruli, mu Murenge wa Shyogwe n’Akagari ka Makera mu Murenge wa Cyeza.

Igice cy’icyaro kigizwe n’Imirenge ya Nyabinoni, Rongi, Kibangu, Kiyumba, Kabacuzi, Rugendabari, Muhanga, Mushishiro na Nyarusange, Utugari dutanu tw’Umurenge wa Cyeza n’Utugari dutatu tw’Umurenge wa Shyogwe.

Icyicaro cy’Akarere ka Muhanga kiri mu Murenge wa Nyamabuye, mu Mujyi wa Muhanga, ku birometero 50 uvuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Akarere ka Muhanga gatuwe n’abaturage 378,760 (Abagabo ni 178.452:49.8%; [[Umugore|Abagore]] ni 179.452: 50.2%) babarizwa mu ngo 87.342.

=== 2. Ubukungu&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.kigalitoday.com/Muhanga Muhanga - Kigali Today]&lt;/ref&gt; ===
Akarere ka Muhanga kagira ibikorwa byinshi by'ubukungu, harimo:

*'''Ubucuruzi''': Muhanga ifite umujyi mukuru kandi ni igicumbi cy'ubucuruzi, aho habera ibikorwa byinshi by'ubucuruzi bikomeye. Hari amasoko y’ibiribwa, ibikoresho by’[[ubuhinzi]], ndetse n’amaduka menshi acuruza ibikoresho bitandukanye.
* '''Inganda''': Muhanga ni akarere kagira inganda zitandukanye, by'umwihariko inganda zitunganya ibikomoka ku buhinzi n'ibikoresho by’ubuzima. Izi nganda zifasha mu kongera agaciro ku musaruro no kuzamura ubukungu bw’akarere.

* '''Ubuhinzi''': Ubuhinzi ni ishingiro ry'ubukungu bw'Akarere ka Muhanga. Abaturage bo muri Muhanga bakora cyane mu buhinzi bw'ibihingwa birimo '''ibishyimbo''', '''[[Ikigori|ibigori]]''', '''imiteja''' (amashyamba), ndetse n'imbuto. Akarere ka Muhanga gashimangira iterambere ry’ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere.
* '''Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro'''
* [[Dosiye:Muhanga Business City Monument.jpg|thumb|Ikibumbano kigaragaza uburyo Muhanga itanga umusanzu munini mu gihugu binyuze mu nganda z'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro]]

=== 3. Ubukerarugendo&lt;ref&gt;[https://ickjournalism.com/lander?oref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bing.com%2F ickjournalism.com/lander?oref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bing.com%2F]&lt;/ref&gt; ===
Akarere ka Muhanga kafite amahirwe mu bukerarugendo, harimo ahantu nyaburanga h’ibikorwa byinshi byo gusura&lt;ref&gt;[https://fdo.net.rw/imyanya-25-yakazi-ko-kuba-dasso-akarere-ka-muhanga-ntucikwe-naya-mahirwe/ Imyanya 25 y'akazi ko kuba DASSO | Akarere ka Muhanga | Ntucikwe n'aya mahirwe - Free digital opportunities]&lt;/ref&gt;:

* '''Ibiyaga n’ibishanga''': Akarere ka Muhanga gafite amahirwe mu bijyanye n'ubukerarugendo, cyane cyane ahantu hasurwa, harimo ibikorwa by’ubukerarugendo birimo kugenda mu mazi cyangwa kuzenguruka mu bishanga.
* '''Umuco gakondo''': Muhanga izwi kandi ku bw’umuco wayo, aho abaturage babarizwa mu miryango itandukanye n’amateka akomeye.

=== 4. Ibikorwa Remezo ===

* [[Dosiye:Nyabugogo Bridge on the Kigali-Muhanga Road (NR1).jpg|thumb|umuhanda wo mu karere ka muhanga]]'''Imihanda''': Akarere ka Muhanga gafite imihanda myiza ituma abantu bagenda neza kandi hakaba hatangwa serivisi nziza z’imihanda. Akarere gafite imihanda ihuza [[Kigali]] n’utundi turere, bikaba byoroshye kwimuka.
* '''[[Amashuri y' incuke mu Rwanda|Amashuri]]''': Muhanga ifite amashuri menshi yisumbuye n’amashuri abanza, bituma abatuye ako karere babona amahirwe yo kwiga.
* '''Ibigo Nderabuzima''': Akarere ka Muhanga gifite ibigo nderabuzima byinshi, aho abaturage babasha kubona serivisi z’ubuzima z’ibanze.

=== 5. Iterambere ry’Imibereho&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.webrwanda.com/2025/08/akarere-ka-muhanga-kari-kubakira.html Akarere ka Muhanga kari kubakira imiryango isaga 140 itishoboye - #rwanda #RwOT]&lt;/ref&gt; ===

* '''Amazi meza''': Akarere ka Muhanga kagiye [[gashora]] imari mu gushaka uburyo bwo kugeza amazi meza ku baturage. Hari gahunda yo kubaka ibikorwa byo kugeza amazi meza ku baturage benshi, bigafasha mu kurwanya indwara zandurira mu mazi.
* '''Gahunda yo kubaka ibikorwa remezo''': Muhanga ikomeje gushyira imbere imishinga yo kubaka ibikorwa remezo byiza, birimo amashuri, ibigo nderabuzima, no kubaka imihanda n’ibiraro.

=== 6. Imbogamizi n'Icyerekezo ===
Nubwo akarere ka Muhanga kagira ibikorwa byiza by’iterambere, hakiri imbogamizi mu bijyanye n’ubushomeri, kugera ku masoko, ndetse no kongera amahirwe mu by'ubukungu no guhangana n’ubukene. Ariko, hamwe n’imishinga y’iterambere, akarere ka Muhanga kirimo gufata intambwe zikomeye mu gukemura izi mbogamizi.

=== Icyerekezo ===

* Guteza imbere ubuhinzi bunoze no gukoresha [[IKORANABUHANGA (ubusobanuro)|ikoranabuhanga]] mu guhinga.
* Kongera ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi no gushyira imbaraga mu kubaka inganda n’ibikorwa remezo.
* Kubyaza umusaruro ibiyaga n’ubukerarugendo kugira ngo hatangwe amahirwe yo kwihangira imirimo.
Akarere ka Muhanga ni akarere k’ibikorwa byinshi by’[[iterambere]], kikomeje gufasha mu kuzamura imibereho y’abaturage bacyo no guteza imbere igihugu muri rusange.


== Amashakiro ==
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  <page>
    <title>Ruth Ndulu Maingi</title>
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      <text bytes="4142" sha1="qy69q0hjnt82ji75qtk88ig89pqm5sr" xml:space="preserve">[[Dosiye:Kenya - Location Map (2013) - KEN - UNOCHA.svg|thumb|ruth nduluyavukiye muri kenya mumujyi wa nairob]]
'''Ruth Ndulu Maingi''' (yavutse 22 Gicurasi 1983), ni umukinnyi wa filime wo [[Kenya|muri Kenya]] . &lt;ref&gt;https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/54762-ruth-maingi-ex-ktn-actor-who-was-conned-twice-house-hunting-video&lt;/ref&gt; Azwi cyane kubera uruhare muri firime  ''[[18 Hours|18 hours]]'',''The Distant Boat'' na ''Midlife Crisis''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://frankensaurus.com/18_Hours |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2021-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125065123/https://frankensaurus.com/18_Hours |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; .
[[Dosiye:Ruth_Ndulu_Maingi.jpg|thumb|right|Ruth Ndulu Maingi]]

== Ubuzima bwite ==
Yavutse ku ya 22 Gicurasi 1983 i Machakos, muri Kenya nk'uwa kane mu muryango hamwe na bavandimwe be batandatu. &lt;ref name=&quot;SPLA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://kenya.spla.pro/en/file.person.ruth-ndulu-maingi-salome.42819.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2021-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125065132/http://kenya.spla.pro/en/file.person.ruth-ndulu-maingi-salome.42819.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yize mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya Kathiani na Township School Primary School i Machakos . Yarangije impamyabumenyi mu bwishingizi nyuma y'amashuri yisumbuye. &lt;ref name=&quot;standardmedia&quot;&gt;https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/amp/article/2000121454/fashion-forward-actress&lt;/ref&gt;

== Umwuga ==
Yatangiye umwuga we wo kubyina. Ariko, nyuma yaje kwimukira mu buhanzi kugira ngo akore umwuga maze yinjira mu ishuri ry’imyidagaduro ry’igihugu cya [[Kenya]] imyaka ibiri. Muri 2007, yinjiye mu bitaramo bya Kigezi Ndoto. Hanyuma muri 2008, yimukiye mu Buhinde ''akinira'' ''Sauti Kimya'' na Githaa. 

Muri 2011 yakinnye bwa mbere muri firime na ''Marshal yo muri Finlande'' &lt;ref&gt;https://thecitizenng.com/kenyan-actress-ndulu-maingi-makes-nollywood-debut/&lt;/ref&gt;. Muri uwo mwaka, yatoranijwe kugira ngo ayobore muri televiziyo ''Lies that Bind'', byatangiye kuri televiziyo. Muri uruhererekane, yakinnye 'Salome', umugore wa gatatu n'urukundo nyarwo rwa Richard Juma, n'umugore wa gatatu&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.wordaz.com/Maingi.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2021-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125065124/https://www.wordaz.com/Maingi.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Noneho muri 2013, yakinnye mu ikinamico izwi cyane ya Swahili ''Mama Duka'' afite uruhare runini&lt;ref&gt;https://peoplepill.com/people/ruth-maingi&lt;/ref&gt;.  Ku ruhare rwe, yaje guhabwa icyubahiro muri 2014 Magic Magic Viewers Choice Awards 2014 . 

Yagize uruhare runini nk'umutoza muri serivise ya tereviziyo ''The Team'', hamwe na Media Focus kuri Afrika yakozwe na Dreamcatcher&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/c6f54332d15718eb80f076450095f8be |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2021-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125065124/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/c6f54332d15718eb80f076450095f8be |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Muri 2014, yakinnye muri firime ebyiri: ''The Next African Film Maker'' na ''Orphan'' .  Muri 2018, yakinnye bwa mbere muri Nollywood muri firime ''Family First'' iyobowe na Lancelot Imasuen&lt;ref&gt;https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/kenyan-actress-ndulu-maingi-gets-her-nollywood-calling/&lt;/ref&gt; . &lt;ref&gt;https://thecitizenng.com/kenyan-actress-ndulu-maingi-makes-nollywood-debut/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amashusho ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Year
!Film
!Role
!Genre
|-
|2012
|''The Marshal of Finland''
|Maria
|Film
|-
|2013
|''Mama Duka''
|Mama Duka
|TV Series short
|-
|2013
|''The Distant Boat''
|Ruth Malombe
|Film
|-
|2015
|''[[:en:Fundi-Mentals|Fundi-Mentals]]''
|
|Film
|-
|2017
|''[[:en:18_Hours|18 Hours]]''
|
|Film
|-
|2018
|''Family First''
|
|Film
|-
|2019
|''The System''
|Rachel
|TV Series
|-
|2020
|''[[:en:Lies_that_Bind|Lies that Bind]]''
|Salome
|TV Series
|-
|2020
|''Midlife Crisis''
|Gigi, Stylist
|Film
|}

== references ==

[[Ikiciro:Abanyakenya]]
[[Ikiciro:Filimi]]
[[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]]
[[Ikiciro:Afurika]]</text>
      <sha1>qy69q0hjnt82ji75qtk88ig89pqm5sr</sha1>
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      <text bytes="4151" sha1="trlzug48tklspj3nm92hyw1ia0h4l6e" xml:space="preserve">[[Dosiye:Kenya - Location Map (2013) - KEN - UNOCHA.svg|thumb|ruth nduluyavukiye muri kenya mumujyi wa nairob]]
'''Ruth Ndulu Maingi''' (yavutse 22 Gicurasi 1983), ni umukinnyi wa filime wo [[Kenya|muri Kenya]] . &lt;ref&gt;https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/54762-ruth-maingi-ex-ktn-actor-who-was-conned-twice-house-hunting-video&lt;/ref&gt; Azwi cyane kubera uruhare muri firime  ''[[18 Hours|18 hours]]'',''The Distant Boat'' na ''Midlife Crisis''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://frankensaurus.com/18_Hours |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2021-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125065123/https://frankensaurus.com/18_Hours |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; .
[[Dosiye:Ruth_Ndulu_Maingi.jpg|thumb|right|Ruth Ndulu Maingi]]

== Ubuzima bwite ==
Yavutse ku ya 22 Gicurasi 1983 i Machakos, muri Kenya nk'uwa kane mu muryango hamwe na bavandimwe be batandatu. &lt;ref name=&quot;SPLA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://kenya.spla.pro/en/file.person.ruth-ndulu-maingi-salome.42819.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2021-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125065132/http://kenya.spla.pro/en/file.person.ruth-ndulu-maingi-salome.42819.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yize mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya Kathiani na Township School Primary School i Machakos . Yarangije impamyabumenyi mu bwishingizi nyuma y'amashuri yisumbuye. &lt;ref name=&quot;standardmedia&quot;&gt;https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000121454/fashion-forward-actress&lt;/ref&gt;

== Umwuga ==
Yatangiye umwuga we wo kubyina. Ariko, nyuma yaje kwimukira mu buhanzi kugira ngo akore umwuga maze yinjira mu ishuri ry’imyidagaduro ry’igihugu cya [[Kenya]] imyaka ibiri. Muri 2007, yinjiye mu bitaramo bya Kigezi Ndoto. Hanyuma muri 2008, yimukiye mu Buhinde ''akinira'' ''Sauti Kimya'' na Githaa. 

Muri 2011 yakinnye bwa mbere muri firime na ''Marshal yo muri Finlande'' &lt;ref&gt;https://thecitizenng.com/kenyan-actress-ndulu-maingi-makes-nollywood-debut/&lt;/ref&gt;. Muri uwo mwaka, yatoranijwe kugira ngo ayobore muri televiziyo ''Lies that Bind'', byatangiye kuri televiziyo. Muri uruhererekane, yakinnye 'Salome', umugore wa gatatu n'urukundo nyarwo rwa Richard Juma, n'umugore wa gatatu&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.wordaz.com/Maingi.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2021-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125065124/https://www.wordaz.com/Maingi.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Noneho muri 2013, yakinnye mu ikinamico izwi cyane ya Swahili ''Mama Duka'' afite uruhare runini&lt;ref&gt;https://peoplepill.com/people/ruth-maingi&lt;/ref&gt;.  Ku ruhare rwe, yaje guhabwa icyubahiro muri 2014 Magic Magic Viewers Choice Awards 2014 . 

Yagize uruhare runini nk'umutoza muri serivise ya tereviziyo ''The Team'', hamwe na Media Focus kuri Afrika yakozwe na Dreamcatcher&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/c6f54332d15718eb80f076450095f8be |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2021-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125065124/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/c6f54332d15718eb80f076450095f8be |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Muri 2014, yakinnye muri firime ebyiri: ''The Next African Film Maker'' na ''Orphan'' .  Muri 2018, yakinnye bwa mbere muri Nollywood muri firime ''Family First'' iyobowe na Lancelot Imasuen&lt;ref&gt;https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/kenyan-actress-ndulu-maingi-gets-her-nollywood-calling/&lt;/ref&gt; . &lt;ref&gt;https://thecitizenng.com/kenyan-actress-ndulu-maingi-makes-nollywood-debut/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amashusho ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Year
!Film
!Role
!Genre
|-
|2012
|''The Marshal of Finland''
|Maria
|Film
|-
|2013
|''Mama Duka''
|Mama Duka
|TV Series short
|-
|2013
|''The Distant Boat''
|Ruth Malombe
|Film
|-
|2015
|''[[:en:Fundi-Mentals|Fundi-Mentals]]''
|
|Film
|-
|2017
|''[[:en:18_Hours|18 Hours]]''
|
|Film
|-
|2018
|''Family First''
|
|Film
|-
|2019
|''The System''
|Rachel
|TV Series
|-
|2020
|''[[:en:Lies_that_Bind|Lies that Bind]]''
|Salome
|TV Series
|-
|2020
|''Midlife Crisis''
|Gigi, Stylist
|Film
|}

== references ==

[[Ikiciro:Abanyakenya]]
[[Ikiciro:Filimi]]
[[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]]
[[Ikiciro:Afurika]]</text>
      <sha1>trlzug48tklspj3nm92hyw1ia0h4l6e</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Meshack Mavuso</title>
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      <text bytes="3795" sha1="4puqm42rng3iyde4gondnj626yrzzo1" xml:space="preserve">[[Dosiye:Ciudad del Cabo desde Cabeza de León, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-22, DD 34 (cropped).jpg|thumb|igihugu abamo akaba arinaho akorera yanakuriye]]
'''Meshack Mavuso Magabane''' (yavutse ku ya 8 Mata 1977), ni umukinnyi wa filime akaba n'umuyobozi wa filimi muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]] . Azwi cyane kubera uruhare muri seri izwi cyane ''Heist'', ''Isidingo'', ''Yizo Yizo'', Isithembiso na Durban gen. &lt;ref name=&quot;savannanews&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://savannanews.com/meshack-mavuso-biography-age-wife-children-debt-tv-roles-net-worth-durban-gen/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122172843/https://savannanews.com/meshack-mavuso-biography-age-wife-children-debt-tv-roles-net-worth-durban-gen/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ubuzima bwite ==
Yavutse ku ya 8 Mata 1977 i Mandagsoek Limpopo, muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]]. &lt;ref&gt;https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2bca4226af&lt;/ref&gt; Arubatse, ni se w'abana bane.

== Umwuga ==
Mu 1998 yakoze umwanya wa mbere 'Vusi Moletsane' mu ikinamico  ''Isidingo'' yamenyekanye cyane. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2018-03-26-meshack-mavuso-on-being-broke-id-go-to-the-bathroom--cry/&lt;/ref&gt; Hanyuma, yagaragaye mu ikinamico ''Yizo Yizo'' yerekanwe kuva 1999 kugeza 2004 afite uruhare 'Jabulani &quot;Javas&quot; Nyembe'. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.power987.co.za/featured/listen-yizo-yizo-made-meshack-mavusos-acting-career/&lt;/ref&gt;

Yamenyekanye kandi ubwo yinjiraga muri Mzansi Magic telenovela Isithembiso yerekanwe bwa mbere ku ya 3 Mata 2017, aho yakinnye imico ya Keromemang Mtimande, se wa Tshepo, wabitswe na se na nyina kugeza igihe yavumbuwe mu buryo butangaje. gira umwana numukunzi we Chlodea ubu bakundana numwanzi we.

Yatangiye umwuga we nka Meshack Mavuso akina 'Simiso Mtshali' mu gice cya kabiri n'icya gatatu cy'urukurikirane rw'abapolisi ''Zero Tolerance'' yerekanwe muri SABC2. Mbere yizo nshingano zashimwe cyane, yakinnye imico itandukanye  mu gice cya mbere. Mu mwaka wa 2008, yari umwe mu babyinnyi b'ibyamamare mu Kubyina umwaka mushya , ku ya 31 Ukuboza 2008. 

Muri 2009, yagaragaye ashyigikiwe nigihembwe cyambere cyuruhererekane rwerekana ibisekuruza ''Who Do You Think You Are?'' cyari gishingiye ku ruhererekane rw'Abongereza . Urukurikirane rwaciye kuri SABC2 muri 2009. Muri 2014, yagarutse kuri tereviziyo akina visits mu bice bibiri by'ikinamico ya Sida ''City'' yakinnye nka 'dogiteri'. Muri 2015, ku nshuro ya mbere, yakoresheje izina Mavuso Magabane mri seri ''Zabalaza'' . Muri seri, yakinnye Visits mugice kimwe. Muri 2016 yakoze umwanya wa kabiri ayoboye muri e.tv ikinamico  ''Heist'' hamwe ninshingano ya 'Chairman'. 

Muri 2020 nyuma yigihe gito muri serial ''The River'', yinjiye mu bakinnyi ba serial ''Durban Gen'' aho akina imico ya Dr Thabo Dlamini ugaragara nkumugore kandi akaba yarashakanye na Dr Precious Dlamini. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/news/meshack-mavuso-on-starring-in-durban-gen-and-lessons-hes-learnt-in-his-career-20200930&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amashusho ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Umwaka
!Film
! Uruhare
! Ubwoko
|-
| 1998
|''Isidingo''
| Vusi Moletsane
| Urukurikirane rwa TV
|-
| 1999
|''Yizo Yizo''
| Javas
| Filime
|-
| 1999
|''Portrait of a Young Man Drowning''
| Umuntu wafashwe
| Filime ngufi
|-
| 2000
|''Hijack Stories''
| Umugabo
| Filime
|-
| 2009
|''Who Do You Think You Are?''
| Uruhare rwa Cameo
| Urukurikirane rwa TV
|-
| 2014
|''Soul City''
| Muganga
| Urukurikirane rwa TV
|-
| 2015
|''Zabalaza''
| Uruhare rwa Cameo
| Urukurikirane rwa TV
|-
| 2016
|''Heist''
| Perezida
| Urukurikirane rwa TV
|-
| 2020 - ''ubungubu''
|Durban Gen
| Dr. Thabo Dlamini
| Urukurikirane rwa TV
|}

== references ==

[[Ikiciro:Afurika]]
[[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]]
[[Ikiciro:Filimi]]</text>
      <sha1>4puqm42rng3iyde4gondnj626yrzzo1</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Urukerereza rwu Rwanda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="3103" sha1="pnvjrs3dqqazljw1z8nw7qd0lbyfeli" xml:space="preserve">[[Dosiye:Ballet_national_du_Rwanda_devant_Jules_Ferry.jpg|right|thumb| Urukerereza muri 2011 ]]
[[Dosiye:Ballet national du Rwanda-Danseurs (3).jpg|thumb|urukerereza]]
'''Itorero ry'Igihugu''' rizwi kw'izina ry'''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Urukerereza''' (''ballet National Urukerereza'') ni itsinda rikora [[Imbyino gakondo za kinyarwanda|Imbyino-Gakondo]] mu [[Rwanda]] ku rwego rw'igihugu. Ryashinzwe muri 1974 ku busabe bwa Perezida [[Juvénal Habyarimana|Juvenal Habyarimana]].  Iyo bataramye bibanda ku ndirimbo z'umuco gakondo wo mu Rwanda, harimo ingoma n'imbyino. 

== Ibindi ==
Kwitwa Urukerereza bikomoka ku izina Urukerereza risobanura &quot;hatinde&quot; bishatse gusobanura uburyo imbyino nzabo zikurura abazireba bakahatinda. Urukerereza ryari itorero ry'igihugu ryo kubyina no kuririmba ryashinzwe mu myaka yaza 70, na minisiteri y'Urubyiruko n'Umuco. 

Urukerereza rwaje gukinduka Itorero rikuru ry'igihugu, nyuma y'uko hashinzwe irindi torero ry'abato ryiswe &quot;Indangamirwa&quot; bisobanura abakwiriye kurebwa. Iri torero rito ryashinzwe na [[Simon Bikindi]], umuyobozi wari ushinzwe ibikorwa by’umuco mu 1985, bakajya bitoreza mu ngoro y'''[[mwami|Umwami]]'' i [[Nyanza, Rwanda|Nyanza]] .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|pages=?}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mu bitarmo n'ibirori byateguwe Urukerereza n'Indangamirwa ni amatorero asusurutsa abantu ndetse batarama n'i mahanga. Muri 2000 nibwo bwa mbere Itorero Urukerereza ryabyinnye mu gitaramo cyiswe &quot;Seattle International Children's Festival&quot; iserukiramuco ryabereye muri [[Amerika ya Ruguru|Amerika ya ruguru]]. 

== Amashakiro ==
{{Reflist|refs=&lt;ref name=Briggs&gt;{{Citation  | last = Briggs  | first = Jimmie  | title = A Dance of Hope in Rwanda  | newspaper = [[Dance Magazine]]  | publisher = [[Macfadden Publications]]  | pages = August 2004  | url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1083/is_8_78/ai_n6142333/  | accessdate = 10 July 2010  | year = 2004  | archive-date = 19 September 2008  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080919123813/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1083/is_8_78/ai_n6142333  | url-status = dead  }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Eastday&gt;{{Citation
 |title=Rebirth of a Nation 
 |newspaper=[[Shanghai Daily]] 
 |publisher=Eastday 
 |date=4 July 2010 
 |url=http://english.eastday.com/e/100704/u1a5308161.html 
 |accessdate=10 July 2010 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306054309/http://english.eastday.com/e/100704/u1a5308161.html 
 |archivedate=6 March 2012 
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Auzias&gt;{{Cite book  | last = Auzias  | first = Dominique  | title = Rwanda  | publisher = Petit Futé  | year = 2007  | page = 68  | isbn =978-2-7469-2037-8
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=NYT&gt;{{Citation  | last =  Verhovek  | first = Sam Howe  | title = Purdy Journal; Rwandans Share Peace and Unity Through Dance  | newspaper = [[The New York Times]]  | date = 24 May 2000  | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/26/us/purdy-journal-rwandans-share-peace-and-unity-through-dance.html  | accessdate =10 July 2010
}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

== Reba kandi ==
Indi ballet yimbyino gakondo zitari Uburayi:

* Les Ballets Afurika, Gineya
* Ballet yumwami wa Kamboje
[[Ikiciro:Umuco]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Shadow Parties</title>
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'''''Shadow Parties''''' ni film yinkinamico ya politiki yomuri Nigeriya 2021 yayobowe kandi yakozwe na Yemi Amodu . Muriyi filime hagaragaramo Yemi Blaq, Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde, Toyin Abraham, Jide Kosoko, Sola Sobowale, Magdalena Korpas, na Lucien Morgan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde, Sola Sobowale feature in 'Shadow Parties' |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/omotola-jalade-ekeinde-sola-sobowale-feature-in-shadow-parties/3s1xeqw |access-date=12 September 2021 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en |archive-date=12 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210912002252/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/omotola-jalade-ekeinde-sola-sobowale-feature-in-shadow-parties/3s1xeqw |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 May 2019 |title=New Movie Shadow Parties to Tackle Communal Clashes |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/05/17/new-movie-shadow-parties-to-tackle-communal-clashes/ |access-date=12 September 2021 |website=THISDAYLIVE |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=6 December 2018 |title=Anticipate! Toyin Abraham, Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde, Segun Arinze, Jide Kosoko to star in 'Shadow Parties' {{!}} Teaser |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/12/anticipate-toyin-abraham-omotola-jalade-ekeinde-segun-arinze-jide-kosoko-to-star-in-shadow-parties-teaser/ |access-date=12 September 2021 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yerekanwe kuri Netflix kuya 6 Nzeri 2021. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 September 2021 |title=Nollywood Movie, 'Shadow Parties' is Now on Netflix |url=https://mediarants.com/nollywood-movie-shadow-parties-is-now-on-netflix/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909144222/https://mediarants.com/nollywood-movie-shadow-parties-is-now-on-netflix/ |archive-date=9 September 2021 |access-date=12 September 2021 |website=Media Rants |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shadow Parties {{!}} Netflix |url=https://www.netflix.com/title/81435739 |access-date=12 September 2021 |website=www.netflix.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Umugambi ==
Iyi filime ishingiye kumakimbirane asanzwe aho Aremu ukomoka mu mujyi wa Aje, umujyi uturanye na Iludun, arinaho umugore we Arike yavukiye, uzwi cyane muntambara zabavandimwe, zahitanye ubuzima bwababyeyi ba Arike. Iyi mijyi yombi yajugunywe mu ntambara nyuma yuko bene wabo ba Aremu bahisemo gutwika umugore we numwana we ari muzima bavuga kari umwanzi waje gutera ibiterobyo kwihorera biturutse kuri Iludun iyobowe na Lowo, murumuna wa Arike. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 June 2019 |title=Omotola leads cast in new movie 'Shadow Parties' |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/06/omotola-leads-cast-in-new-movie-shadow-parties/ |access-date=12 September 2021 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=Nollywood, Hollywood team up in the new movie ''Shadow Parties'' {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/330859-nollywood-hollywood-team-up-in-new-movie-shadow-parties.html |access-date=12 September 2021 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 September 2021 |title='SHADOW PARTIES' An Excellent Advocacy Tool For Conflict Resolution |url=https://veracitydesk.com.ng/2021/09/09/shadow-parties-an-excellent-advocacy-tool-for-conflict-resolution/ |access-date=12 September 2021 |website=Veracity Desk |language=en-US |archive-date=12 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210912004013/https://veracitydesk.com.ng/2021/09/09/shadow-parties-an-excellent-advocacy-tool-for-conflict-resolution/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Abakinnyi ==
 

== Gutanga ibihembo ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Umwaka
! Igihembo
! Icyiciro
! Igisubizo
! Réf
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ibihembo bya Afrika Movie Academy
| Ibyagezweho mugushushanya umusaruro|{{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Banjo |first=Noah |date=29 October 2021 |title=FULL LIST: Ayinla, Omo Ghetto: The Saga bag multiple nominations at AMAA 2021 |url=https://punchng.com/full-list-ayinla-omo-ghetto-the-saga-bag-multiple-nominations-at-amaa-2021/ |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Filime nziza ya Nigeriya|{{nom}}
|}

== Reba ==
{{Reflist}}

== Ihuza ryo hanze ==

* Shadow Parties at IMDb
* Shadow Parties on Netflix</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Hanger, Inc.</title>
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'''Hanger, Inc.''' Ni kompanyi iyoboyeku rwego rw'igihugu mu gutanga ibicuruzwa na serivisi bifasha mu kongera cyangwa gusubizaho ubushobozi bw'umubiri bw'abarwayi bafite ubumuga cyangwa bakomeretse,ifite icyicaro gikuru i Austin,Texas (former Bethesda, Maryland) za orthotic na prostothique (O&amp;P), ikwirakwiza ibikoresho bya O&amp;P nibigize, ikayobora imiyoboro ya O&amp;P, ikanatanga ibisubizo bivura abarwayi nubucuruzi mubihe bikomeye, nyuma yuburakari, nubuvuzi. '''Hanger, Inc.''' ikora ibice bibiri: Kwita ku barwayi n'ibicuruzwa &amp; serivisi.

Igice cyibanze cy’ishami ryita ku barwayi '''ba Hanger, Inc.''' ni '''Hanger Clinic''' (yahoze yitwa Hanger Prosthetics na Orthotics)  mu gushushanya, guhimba, no gutanga ibikoresho byabigenewe O&amp;P binyuze mu mavuriro 677 yita ku barwayi, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa 109 byogajuru mu bihugu 44, ndetse n’akarere ka Columbiya ku ya 30 Nzeri 2018. Miliyari 4 z'amadorali buri mwaka. Ivuriro rya Hanger ryerekana hafi 20 ku ijana by'iri soko. Isosiyete ikoresha abantu bagera ku 4,600, harimo abakora prostate na orthotic bagera ku 1.500. 

Abarwayi ba Hanger bazwi barimo:

* Jeremy Campbell, wegukanye imidari ibiri ya zahabu mu mikino Paralempike yo mu 2008, akaba afite rekodi ku isi muri Pentathlon P44; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=U.S. Paralympics - Features, Events, Results - Team USA |url=http://usparalympics.org/athlete/athlete/2015 |website=Team USA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Aron Ralston wazamutse umusozi wamenyekanye cyane muri Gicurasi 2003, ubwo yacaga ukuboko kwe kw'iburyo akoresheje icyuma cyijimye kugira ngo yikure mu ibuye ryaguye.
* Umurwayi uzwi cyane utari umuntu wa Hanger ni Igihe cy'imbeho, dolphine ya dollenine (igikurura abantu benshi muri Clearwater Marine Aquarium ) izwiho umurizo wa prostate (wakozwe kandi wakozwe na Hanger)

== Amateka ==
James Edward Hanger, waciwe bwa mbere mu mpapuro z’intambara z’Abanyamerika, yashinze isosiyete muri Virginie mu 1861. 

Amagambo yanditse mu nyandiko ya Ambrose Bierce nyuma y'intambara avuga ko &quot;Twarashe ukuguru kwa Confederate i Philippi&quot; bivuga Hanger. Ku ya 2 Kamena 1861, ku &lt;ref name=&quot;Morris&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Roy Morris |year=1998 |title=Ambrose Bierce: alone in bad company |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CVtO3Ff6BpoC&amp;dq=James+Edward+Hanger&amp;pg=PA25 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0195126289 |edition=reprint |pages=320}} pages 25-26&lt;/ref&gt; y'amavuko, Hanger yinjiye mu mafarasi y’ingabo z’Abanyamerika i Philippi, muri Virijiniya. Imvune yasabaga gucibwa ukuguru kwa Hanger hejuru y'amavi; yaciwe ku rugamba rwa mbere ku rugamba, abifashijwemo n'abaganga b’ubumwe. &lt;ref name=&quot;Morris&quot; /&gt; Hanger yasubiye mu rugo rw'ababyeyi be kugira ngo akire yambaye prothèse yari inkoni y'ibiti. Kuba atishimiye imikorere n'imikorere yo gusimbuza ingingo byatumye Hanger ashushanya kandi yubaka prothèse nshya iva mu biti byera byera, reberi n'ibiti, ifite impeta ku ivi no ku birenge. Igikoresho cyakoraga neza, kandi inteko ishinga amategeko ya leta yamusabye gukora “Hanger Limb” ku bandi basirikare bakomeretse. &lt;ref name=&quot;Carnes&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Edward L. Lach |year=2005 |title=American National Biography Supplement 2 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0195222024 |editor-last=Mark C. Carnes |edition=reprint |page=224 |chapter=Hanger, James Edward}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibikorwa byo gukora JE Hanger, Inc., byashinzwe mumijyi ya Staunton na Richmond . Ku &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History of the United States Patent Office, Appendix |url=http://www.myoutbox.net/popchapx.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205013014/http://www.myoutbox.net/popchapx.htm |archive-date=February 5, 2009 |access-date=February 25, 2009 |page=207}}&lt;/ref&gt; Werurwe 1863, Hanger yahawe ipatanti ye ya mbere ku gihimba cy’ubukorikori, nomero 155, avuye ku biro bishinzwe ipatanti ya Confederate Patent ku ya 23 Werurwe 1863. Mu myaka ishize, Hanger yakoze kandi ibandikisha uburenganzira ku bicuruzwa bishya bigenewe abasirikare bahoze ku rugamba n'abandi babuze ibice by'umubiri.

Mu 1906, Hanger yimuye icyicaro gikuru i Washington, DC. Mu 1915, yagiye mu Burayi gufasha abaterankunga b'Intambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose no kwigira ku ndaya zo mu Burayi.

Abahungu batanu ba Hanger bagize uruhare mu gukora ubucuruzi bw'umuryango. Mu 1915, bagabanije JE Hanger, Inc., mu masosiyete ane atandukanye, buri wese akorera mu karere kamwe mu gihugu. Igihe Hanger yapfaga mu 1919, amasosiyete yari afite amashami i Atlanta, St. Louis, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, London na Paris. &lt;ref name=&quot;Carnes&quot;/&gt;

Mu myaka yabanjirije Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, nta terambere ryagaragaye ryabaye mu nganda zo muri Amerika. Umuhengeri mushya w’abahoze mu rugamba rwasabye uburyo bwiza bwo gukora prostate, maze mu 1946, guverinoma ihuriweho na leta itangira gutanga amafaranga y’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere muri prostate. JE Hanger Inc.

Muri iki gihe, inganda za orthotics zashakaga guhuza n'inganda za prostate. Mu 1950, hashyizweho ishyirahamwe ry’imyororokere n’imyororokere y'Abanyamerika, ryibanze cyane ku burezi no gutanga ibyemezo by’abakora amavuriro. Mu myaka ya za 1950 rwagati, JEHanger, Inc., yariyongereye serivisi za orthotic mu bucuruzi bwayo, kandi yariyongereye igera ku biro 50 muri Amerika na 25 mu Burayi. &lt;ref name=&quot;fu&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hanger Orthopedic Group, Inc. |url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Hanger-Orthopedic-Group-Inc-Company-History.html |access-date=March 9, 2009 |website=Funding Universe Company Histories}}&lt;/ref&gt;

1960 na 1970 byagize iterambere rito ugereranije nubuhanga, ariko 1980 yaranze intangiriro yigihe cyiterambere ryiterambere ryiterambere rikomeza kugeza na nubu. Mu 1986, isosiyete y'itumanaho ikorera muri Colorado, Sequel Corporation, yagurishije ubucuruzi bwa terefone ngendanwa maze itangira gushora imari mu nganda za orototike na prostate. Mu 1989, Sequel yaguze JE Hanger, Inc, i Washington, DC. Mugihe cyo kugura, JE Hanger, Inc., yari ubucuruzi bwa miliyoni 8 zamadorali hamwe n’ibiro mu mijyi 11 na leta umunani. Nyuma gato, Sequel yahinduye izina ryisosiyete yitwa Hanger Orthopedic Group. Ivan Sabel, perezida akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ibikorwa, yibanze ku guhuza ibishushanyo mbonera no gukora ibikoresho bya prostate na orthotic by’isosiyete no kubikwirakwiza mu gihugu. &lt;ref name=&quot;fu&quot;/&gt;

Mu 1996, isosiyete yaguze JE Hanger, Inc., yo muri Jeworujiya. Uku kugura gukubye kabiri ingano y’isosiyete, ubu ikaba yari ifite ibigo byita ku barwayi 175, ibibanza bitandatu byakwirakwijwe, inganda enye zikora n’abakozi 1.000 muri leta 30. Hanger yakomeje kugura ibigo bito kandi mu 1998, yakoraga ibigo byita ku barwayi 256. Mu 1999, Itsinda rya Hanger Orthopedic ryaguze umunywanyi waryo ukomeye n’umuyobozi w’inganda, ishami rya orthotics na prostothique ishami rya NovaCare. Ibi byongeyeho ibigo 369 byita ku barwayi. Nyuma yo kugura NovaCare, isosiyete yakomeje kwagura ibikorwa byayo hamwe nubucuruzi bwihariye bujyanye nayo. Mu 1999, Ikinyamakuru Fortune cyashyize Hanger Orthopedic Group ku mwanya wa 79 kurutonde rwamasosiyete ijana yihuta cyane. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Daniels |first=Cora |last2=Lanning |first2=Deirdre |last3=Maroney |first3=Tyler |last4=Tarpley |first4=Natasha |date=September 6, 1999 |title=Fortune's One Hundred Fastest-Growing Companies |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1999/09/06/265302/index.htm |work=Fortune Magazine |archive-date=November 27, 2022 |access-date=October 25, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127203159/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1999/09/06/265302/index.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukwakira 2022, Umurwa mukuru w’abarwayi, LP. yaguze Hanger &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 27, 2022 |title=Frontier Communications Set to Join S&amp;P MidCap 400; Hain Celestial Group to Join S&amp;P SmallCap 600 |url=https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/documents/indexnews/announcements/20220927-1456231/1456231_hngr6.pdf |access-date=October 11, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Inkunga ==
'''Hanger, Inc.''' ikora imirongo irindwi y'ubucuruzi mubice bibiri: Kuvura abarwayi n'ibicuruzwa &amp; serivisi.

'''Hanger, Inc.''' Igice cyo Kwita ku barwayi kigizwe na '''Hanger Clinic''' na '''Linkia''' .

'''Linkia''' ni kompanyi icunga imiyoboro ikorera by'umwihariko mu ruganda rukora ibikoresha byunganira umubiri (orthotics) n'ibisimbura ibice by'umubiri (prosthetics).

Ibicuruzwa na serivisi byacyo birimo '''Kwihutisha Kwitaho Byongeyeho,''' '''Umuyoboro wa Hanger''' (wahoze ari Laboratwari yigihugu) ''', Neurotronics udushya,''' '''Gutanga Prosthetic yo mu majyepfo (SPS),''' na '''SureFit.'''

'''Amajyepfo ya Prosthetic Supply''' afite ibigo byo gukwirakwiza muri leta eshanu, bikwirakwiza ibicuruzwa birenga 400.000. Binyuze mu ishami ryayo rya '''SureFit''', '''SPS''' ikora kandi ikagurisha inkweto zo kuvura abarwayi ba diyabete ku isoko rya podiatric. Binyuze muri '''Hanger Fabrication Network''', ni uruganda rukora ibikoresho bya O&amp;P byifashishwa n'amavuriro yita ku barwayi batishyuwe ndetse n'ayandi mavuriro y'abahanganye mu bucuruzi.

'''Innovative Neurotronics, Inc.''', izobereye mugutezimbere no gucuruza tekinoroji ya neuromuscular ikora. Neuromuscular bivuga gukoresha imbaraga zo gukurura amashanyarazi kugirango tunoze imikorere yibice byangiritse.

== Ubushakashatsi ==
Abakozi b'ikigo ni abanditsi kandi batanga umusanzu w'abanditsi b'ibitabo nka ''Prosthetics no gucunga abarwayi: Uburyo bwuzuye bwo kuvura'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |year=2006 |title=Prosthetics and patient management: a comprehensive clinical approach |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FuuNnSsK8-4C |publisher=SLACK Incorporated |isbn=1556426712 |editor-last=Kevin Carroll |pages=266 |editor-last2=Joan E. Edelstein}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Kugarura imikorere y'abakuze n'abana bafite ububobere bukabije'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |year=2004 |title=Functional Restoration of Adults and Children with Upper Extremity Amputation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rlX20jOFWT4C |publisher=Demos Medical Publishing, LLC |isbn=1888799730 |editor-last=Robert Henry Meier |pages=380 |editor-last2=Diane J. Atkins}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''n'ubuvuzi bw'umubiri no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe: Amahame n'ibikorwa'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |year=2004 |title=Physical medicine and rehabilitation: principles and practice |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1sWk1GYCvKoC |publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins |isbn=0781741300 |editor-last=Joel A. DeLisa |edition=4th |pages=1926 |editor-last2=Bruce M. Gans |editor-last3=Nicholas E. Walsh |editor-last4=William L. Bockenek}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ibibazo byemewe n'amategeko ==
Mu 2004, ibirego by’uburiganya bwo kwishyuza byakorewe iyi sosiyete igihe umuyobozi w’ibiro yamenyesheje abakozi ba Hanger i New York ko bahimbye imiti ku barwayi badahari. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Wary Employee Questions Hanger Orthopedic Billing (washingtonpost.com) |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A10420-2004Jun27.html |website=washingtonpost.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Urubanza rw’icyiciro rwashyikirijwe Hanger kubera gukekwaho gukoresha uburiganya mu kuzamura ibihimbano. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Class-action suits filed against Hanger |url=http://baltimore.bizjournals.com/baltimore/stories/2004/06/21/daily24.html?jst=b_ln_hl |website=Baltimore Business Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ubwo ibiro 14 byavuzwe amazina muri uru rubanza, Hanger yavuze ko ahantu hamwe gusa hagize uruhare muri ubwo buriganya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FindArticles.com - CBSi |url=http://findarticles.com/?noadc=1 |website=findarticles.com |access-date=2025-10-25 |archive-date=2020-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328054937/http://findarticles.com/?noadc=1 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ihagarikwa rya bimwe mu binyobwa bisembuye bikunze kwitwa &quot;Ibyuma&quot;</title>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;== Amabwiriza mashya ya Rwanda FDA agenga ibinyobwa bisindisha, yasize amoko 52 y'inzoga afatiwe ibyemezo byo guhagarikwa ndetse no kutemererwa gucuruzwa ku isoko ry' u Rwanda bitewe n'ibipimo by'umutekano n'ubuziranenge. == Ku wa 20 Nyakanga 2026 , Polisi y' u Rwanda yatangije gahunda ya &quot;SI ZO ZAWE, ZANGE&quot; yo kurwanya inzoga zitemewe cyangwa zahinduwemo ibintu bishobora guteza uburwayi. Ibi bije nyuma y' amakuru mashya y'ihagarikwa ry'agateganyo itumizwa mu Rwanda ry'...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="1403" sha1="hnql9flwfs5y8z057zr892i7h4kgopq" xml:space="preserve">== Amabwiriza mashya ya Rwanda FDA agenga ibinyobwa bisindisha, yasize amoko 52 y'inzoga afatiwe ibyemezo byo guhagarikwa ndetse no kutemererwa gucuruzwa ku isoko ry' u Rwanda bitewe n'ibipimo by'umutekano n'ubuziranenge. ==
Ku wa 20 Nyakanga 2026 , Polisi y' u Rwanda yatangije gahunda ya &quot;SI ZO ZAWE, ZANGE&quot; yo kurwanya inzoga zitemewe cyangwa zahinduwemo ibintu bishobora guteza uburwayi. Ibi bije nyuma y' amakuru mashya y'ihagarikwa ry'agateganyo itumizwa mu Rwanda ry' amoko 52 y'ibinyobwa bisembuye .&lt;ref&gt;https://umuseke.rw/hashingiwe-kuki-hafatwa-umwanzuro-wo-guca-inzoga-zirimo-izizwi-nkibyuma/&lt;/ref&gt;

Itangazo rya Rwanda FDA ryasabye guhagarika itumizwa ,ikwirakwiza ry'inzoga zitemewe zirimo izizwi cyane arizo Kiwingu Spirit , Konyagi, Diamonda Rock Gin zikorerwa muri Tanzania, Gilbey's Flavored Gin ikorerwa muri Uganda ndetse n'izindi. Si izo gusa kuko mu moko menshi yahagaritswe harimo izituruka muri Uganda , Tanzania, Burundi, India na Polanda.&lt;ref&gt;https://umuseke.rw/inganda-nyinshi-zikora-inzoga-zizwi-nkibyuma-zafunzwe/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kuki zahagaritswe? ==
Iki cyemezo cyashyizweho mu rwego rwo kurengera ubuzima bw'abaturage no kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibinyobwa bisembuye , Rwanda FDA ikigo gifite inshingano zo kugenzura ibicuruzwa bishobora kugira ingaruka kubuzima rusange&lt;ref&gt;https://bwiza.com/izindi-nganda-zirenga-100-zibyuma-ninzoga-zinkorano-zafunzwe/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amashakiro ==</text>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;Mu gihe hirya no hino kwisi amakipe akomeje kwitegura umwaka w'imikino wa 2026/2027 hirya no hino kw'isi hamaze kumenyekana igihe amashampiyona ndetse n'amarushanwa akomeye azagarukira&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://www.premierleague.com/en/news/4675097/all-380-fixtures-for-202627-premier-league-season&lt;/ref&gt;  == Irushanwa rya amakipe yabaye ayambere iwayo mu bihugu byiburayi( UEFA Champions Legue) == UEFA ishyirahamwe ry'umupira ritegura amarushanwa mu bihugu by'ibirayi ryamaze g...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="3368" sha1="9nw6afquz4pug3t103e0udhg7oidr0m" xml:space="preserve">Mu gihe hirya no hino kwisi amakipe akomeje kwitegura umwaka w'imikino wa 2026/2027 hirya no hino kw'isi hamaze kumenyekana igihe amashampiyona ndetse n'amarushanwa akomeye azagarukira&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://www.premierleague.com/en/news/4675097/all-380-fixtures-for-202627-premier-league-season&lt;/ref&gt;

== Irushanwa rya amakipe yabaye ayambere iwayo mu bihugu byiburayi( UEFA Champions Legue) ==
UEFA ishyirahamwe ry'umupira ritegura amarushanwa mu bihugu by'ibirayi ryamaze gutangaza ko imikino ya UEFA Champion League iztangira mu bihe bikurikira&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/02a6-20d57cfcd03e-407c22a7f465-1000--2026-27-champions-league-teams-dates-draws-format-final/&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Imikino yo gushaka itike''' yatangiye itariki 7 Nyakanaga 2026, kandi izarangira 26 Kanama 2026&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

'''Imikino yo mumatsinda ,''' amakipe 36 azakina amatsinda imikino yayo izatangira muri Nzeri 2026&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

'''Umukino wanyuma,''' amakipe azagera ku mukino wanyuma azakina umukino wanyuma 5 Kamena 2027 kuri Estadio Metropolitano i Madrid mu gihugu cya Espagne&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://ukwelitimes.com/premier-league-yashyize-hanze-ingengabihe-ya-shampiyona-ya-202627&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shampiyona y'ikiciro cya mbere mu bwongereza (English Premier League)&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; ==
Shampiyona y'ikiciro cya mbere mu bwongereza 2026/27 biteganyijwe ko izatangira ku wa Gatanu, tariki 21 Kanama 2026 . umukino ufungura ni Arsenal ifite igikombe giheruka ndetse na Coventry city yazamutse mu kiciro cya kabiri. Iyi shampiyona ikaba izarangira ku wa 30 Gicurasi 2027&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Shampiona y'ikiciro cya mbere muri espagne (La Liga) ==
Mu gihugu cya Espagne biteganyijwe ko shampiona yabao y'ikiciro cya mbere izatangira ku wa 14 Kanama 2026 ikaba izarangira muri Gicurasi 2027 . Umukino ufungura iyi shampiyona uzba hagati ya Alaves ndeste n'ikipe ya Getafe&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;https://m.imvahonshya.co.rw/hatangajwe-igihe-shampiyona-yu-rwanda-ya-2026-27-izatangirira/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Andi mashampiyona abantu bategereje ==
'''Shampiyona y'ikiciro cya mbere mu Bufaransa (Ligue 1)''' biteganyijwe ko izatangira ku wa 21 Kanama 2026 ikarangira 29 Gicurasi 2027&lt;ref&gt;https://ligue1.com/en/calendar/ligue1&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Shampiyona y'ikiciro cya mbere mu Butariyani ( Serie 1)''' biteganyijwe ko izatangira 22-23 Kanama 2026 ikarangira 29 Gicurasi 2027&lt;ref&gt;https://en.legaseriea.it/serie-a/news/looking-forward-to-the-2026-27-serie-a-fixture-list&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Shampiyona y'ikiciro cya mbere mu Budage ( Bundesliga)''' biteganyijwe ko izatangira 28 Kanama 2026 ikarangira 22 Gicurasi 2027&lt;ref&gt;https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/2026-27-season-fixture-schedules-37671&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shampiyona y'ikiciro cya mbere mu Rwanda 2026/27&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; ==
Shampiyona y' u Rwanda mu mupira wa magauru (BK Pro League) y'umwaka wa 2026/27 izatangira ku wa 4 Nzeri 2026 , mu ngengabihe nshyashya yashyizwe hanze na FERWAFA ishyirahamwe ry'imipira w'amaguru mu Rwanda igaragaza ko:&lt;ref&gt;https://www.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/amakipe-ya-rwanda-premier-league-agiye-guhabwa-imipira-yihariye-yo-gukina&lt;/ref&gt;

* '''Nzeri 4, 2026:''' shampiyona izatangira
* '''Mutarama 22,2027:''' imikino ibanza izasozwa (phase aller)
* '''Gashyantare 5,2027:''' imikino yo kwishyura izatangira(phase retour)
* '''Gicurasi 20,2027:''' shampiyona izasozwa ku mugaragaro

== Amashakiro ==</text>
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      <comment>CONTACT FM NI RADIYO IKORERA MU RWANDA</comment>
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