Wikipedia rwwiki https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intangiriro MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.17 first-letter Itangazamakuru Ibidasanzwe Ibiganiro Umukoresha Ibiganiro by'umukoresha Wikipedia Ibiganiro kuri Wikipedia Dosiye Ibiganiro kuri dosiye MediyaWiki Ibiganiro kuri MediyaWiki Inyandikorugero Ibiganiro ku nyandikorugero Ubufasha Ibiganiro ku bufasha Ikiciro Ibiganiro ku byiciro TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 4937 134644 102107 2026-08-28T04:10:15Z CommonsDelinker 88 Removing [[:c:File:Yukhari_Govhar_Agha_Mosque_before_occupation.jpg|Yukhari_Govhar_Agha_Mosque_before_occupation.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Krd|Krd]] because: No permission since 20 August 2026. 134644 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Mosque of Shusha.jpg|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Umusigiti wa Yukhari Govhar aga</span>]] '''Umusigiti wa Yukhari Govharaga''' (izina mu [[kinyazeribayijani]]: ''Yuxarı Gövhərağa məscidi'') ni [[umusigiti]] i [[Shusha]] muri [[Azeribayijani]]. *[[Umusigiti wa Ashaghi Govhar aga]] [[Category:Imisigiti y’Azeribayijani]] [[Category:Shusha]] 7q72lai7mby7suuh4rzz53apw224e4j 0 8921 134641 127576 2026-08-27T14:09:33Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 134641 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Potok pod jezerom 1.jpg|thumb|Umugezi]] [[Dosiye:RusumoFalls1.jpg|thumb|Rusumo waterfall]] [[Dosiye:Loch Meig dam - geograph.org.uk - 4291914.jpg|thumb|Urugomero]] '''Urugomero rwa Rusumo''', , ni urugomero rw'amashanyarazi rukiri kubakwa, <ref name="1R">https://www.independent.co.ug/rwanda-tanzania-burundi-start-construction-rusumo-dam/</ref> hakaba hateganijwe gushyirwaho ingufu za 80 megawatts (110,000 hp). Umushinga uzaba urimo kubaka urugomero, hifashishijwe igishushanyo mbonera. 90 megawatts (120,000 hp) igishushanyo mbonera cy’ibigega cyatekerejweho mbere yo hashyiraho umushinga wa MW 80 ufite ingaruka nke ku bidukikije kandi bikaba bizatwara miliyoni 300 USD. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2012-03-12/50441/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-09 |archive-date=2017-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212162226/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2012-03-12/50441/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Banki y'isi yatangaje ku ya 6 Kanama 2013 ko yemeye inguzanyo ingana na miliyoni 340 z'amadolari y'Amerika yerekeza kuri miliyoni 468.60 z'amadolari akenewe muri uyu mushinga. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2013/08/06/world-bank-approves-rusumo-falls-hydropower-plant?cid=EXT_TWBN_D_EXT |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-09 |archive-date=2015-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122235803/http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2013/08/06/world-bank-approves-rusumo-falls-hydropower-plant?cid=EXT_TWBN_D_EXT |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mu Gushyingo 2013, [[Banki Nyafurika Itsura Amajyambere|Banki Nyafurika itsura amajyambere]] yemeje inguzanyo ya miliyoni 113 z'amadolari y'Amerika kugira ngo umushinga urangire. <ref name="African">{{Cite web |url=http://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/11/rusomo-falls-hydropower-project-receives-113-million.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-09 |archive-date=2018-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707010602/https://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/11/rusomo-falls-hydropower-project-receives-113-million.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/afdb-board-commits-us-113-million-to-regional-rusumo-falls-hydropower-project-12610/</ref> == Aho ruherereye == Sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi iri ku ruzi rwa Akagera, hafi yumupaka w'u Rwanda na [[Tanzaniya]] muri 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) epfo na ruguru aho ibihugu byombi bisangiye umupaka uhuriweho nu [[Uburundi|Burundi]] . Umushinga ugaragara ku isoko rya [[Isumo rya Rusumo|Rusumo]], hafi yumujyi wa Rusumo, hafi 164.5 kilometres (102.2 mi), kumuhanda, mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa [[Kigali]], [[umurwa]] mukuru w'u Rwanda. <ref>https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Kigali,+Rwanda/Rusumo+Hydroelectric+Power+Station,+Nigara+Rusomo+TZ,+JQ9M%2B2M,+Tanzania/@-2.3769373,30.7636769,13.5z/data=!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x19dca4258ed8e797:0xf32b36a5411d0bc8!2m2!1d30.0618851!2d-1.9440727!1m5!1m1!1s0x19c4ddf386af7adb:0xc8989c859096e04!2m2!1d30.784242!2d-2.3825314!3e0</ref> Isumo rya Rusumo ni 61 kilometres (38 mi), kumuhanda, mu majyepfo y'iburasirazuba bw'icyicaro cy'intara i Kibungo, mu [[Akarere ka Ngoma|Karere ka Ngoma]]. <ref>https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Ngoma+District+Office,+Kibungo,+Rwanda/Rusumo+Hydroelectric+Power+Station,+Nigara+Rusomo+TZ,+JQ9M%2B2M,+Tanzania/@-2.2604468,30.5259619,11z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x19c4caebbba18011:0xf05df23cb1e57b6a!2m2!1d30.5547354!2d-2.1390086!1m5!1m1!1s0x19c4ddf386af7adb:0xc8989c859096e04!2m2!1d30.784242!2d-2.3825314!3e0</ref> Imirongo igereranya ya sitasiyo yamashanyarazi ni: 02 ° 22'47.0 "S, 30 ° 47'09.0" E (Ubunini: -2.379722; Uburebure: 30.785833). <ref>https://www.google.com/maps/place/2%C2%B022'47.0%22S+30%C2%B047'09.0%22E/@-2.3765764,30.8146134,7152m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0x0!8m2!3d-2.3797222!4d30.7858333</ref> [[Dosiye:KireheDist.png|center|thumb|Urugomero rwa Rusumo ruherereye mu karere ka Kirehe]] == Ibindi bitekerezo == Imbaraga zitangwa zizagabanywa mubihugu by'u [[Burundi]], u [[Rwanda]], na [[Tanzaniya]]. Amashanyarazi azimurwa avuye mu ruganda rukora hifashishijwe imirongo ya kilovolt 220 kuri sitasiyo yohereza muri: Gitega, u Burundi, intera ya 158 kilometres (98 mi) ; Kigali, u Rwanda, intera 115 kilometres (71 mi) ; na, Nyakanazi, Tanzaniya, intera ya 98 kilometres (61 mi) . <ref>http://www.icafrica.org/fileadmin/documents/Water_Meeting_2008/presentations/Brief_Dam_Rusumo_falls_NBI_EN.pdf</ref> == Amajyambere ya vuba == Mu Gushyingo 2016, hasinywe amasezerano abiri yo kubaka sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi i Kigali, mu Rwanda. Amasezerano ya mbere yari hagati ya Rusumo Power Company Limited hamwe na consortium yabashoramari barimo umushinga uhuriweho na CGCOC Group Limited na Jiangxi Water & Hydropower Construction Company Limited. Aya masezerano ateganya imikorere yimirimo ya leta, harimo gutanga no gushyiramo ibikoresho. <ref name="Sign">{{Cite web |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-09 |archive-date=2017-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512173826/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Amasezerano ya kabiri yasinywe hagati ya Rusumo Power Company Limited n’ihuriro ry’amasosiyete, harimo Rusumo Falls Andritz Hydro GmbH yo mu [[Ubudage|Budage]] na Andritz Hydro PVT Limited yo mu [[Ubuhinde|Buhinde]], kugira ngo bakore gahunda yo kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi. <ref name="Sign" /> Kugeza mu Gushyingo 2016, amafaranga ateganijwe gukora muri uyu mushinga ni miliyoni 340 z'amadolari, azaterwa inkunga na Banki y'Isi. Imirongo itatu y’amashanyarazi ihanitse izavana ingufu ziteganijwe ko izatwara miliyoni 121 z'amadolari, iterwa inkunga na Banki nyafurika itsura amajyambere. Biteganijwe ko imirimo yo kubaka yatangiye muri Mutarama 2017. akaba ari rumwe murugomero Rufitiye igihugu akamaro kuko rutanga amashanyarazi ahagije == Ubwubatsi == Ku ya 30 Werurwe 2017, umuhango wo gutangira wabereye i Ngara, mu karere ka Tanzaniya, witabiriwe n'abayobozi ba leta baturutse mu bihugu bitatu byunguka; abanyamuryango bose bo mu karere [[Umuryango w’Ibihugu by’Iburasirazuba bw’Afurika|ka Afrika yuburasirazuba]] . Sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi ifitwe na ''Rusumo Power Company Limited'' (RPCL), isosiyete idasanzwe y’imodoka, ifitwe n’ibihugu bitatu. Abashoramari babiri batoranijwe kumushinga. Umushinga uhuriweho na CGCOC hamwe na Jiangxi Water & Hydropower Construction Company Limited ishinzwe imirimo ya gisivili, naho ANDRITZ Hydro yo mu Budage no mubuhinde ishinzwe imirimo y'amashanyarazi. Ishami rishinzwe guhuza ibikorwa bya Nil Equatorial Lake Subsidiary Action Program (NELSAP-CU), rishyira mubikorwa umushinga mu izina rya ba nyirubwite. Byari biteganijwe ko kurangiza no gutangiza ibikorwa byubucuruzi muri 2020. Imirimo yo kubaka uyu mushinga yagereranijwe kuri 35% guhera muri Gashyantare 2019, na 59% guhera muri Mutarama 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/2020/01/rusumo-hydroelectric-power-project-in-tanzania-now-59-complete/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-09 |archive-date=2020-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926002828/https://constructionreviewonline.com/2020/01/rusumo-hydroelectric-power-project-in-tanzania-now-59-complete/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>Guhera muri Mata 2021, byari biteganijwe ko irangira mu 2022, aho kimwe mu bice bitatu bitanga amashanyarazi byari biteganijwe gutangira mu gihembwe cya kane cya 2021. <ref name="CompR">https://allafrica.com/stories/202104200296.html</ref>Kugeza muri Kamena 2021, 80 ku ijana by'imirimo yarangiye, hateganijwe ko hajyaho imirimo y'ubucuruzi mu Kuboza 2021. <ref name="CommR">https://allafrica.com/stories/202106140122.html</ref> Ubugenzuzi bwakozwe n'Umugenzuzi Mukuru w'Ibihugu bitatu , bwakozwe mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka wa 2021, bwerekanye ko amafaranga yakoreshejwe yiyongereyeho 22 ku ijana, kugeza icyo gihe muri gahunda y'akazi, hejuru y'ibyateganijwe. Icyo gihe imirimo yo kurangiza yagereranijwe kuri 81 ku ijana. Kurangiza biteganijwe mugice cya kabiri cya 2023. <ref name="AnticR">{{Cite web |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/rusumo-power-project-delayed-by-two-years-3580334 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-09 |archive-date=2022-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220601200511/https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/rusumo-power-project-delayed-by-two-years-3580334 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ibidukikije == Binyuze mubihugu bihuriye mugutegura uno mushinga uko ari bitatu aribyo [[Rwanda]], Burundi ndetse na [[Tanzaniya]] byakoze ubushakashatsi bunononsoye bagamije kureba niba uyumushinga utazabangamira ibidukikije ndetse nabaturage bahaturiye ibyo byemejwe nibyo bihugu byombi binyuze mubuganiro nabaturagebyemezwa ukandi n'Ibiro ntangaza makuru bya Banki nyafurika itsura Amajyambere.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://rusumoproject.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Documents/Factsheet_-_KINYARWANDA.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-25 |archive-date=2025-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220114001/http://rusumoproject.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Documents/Factsheet_-_KINYARWANDA.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == references == [[Ikiciro:Gahunda ya Leta]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Pages with unreviewed translations]] a06hf342dx49qh58q8fudx9n52mtmzb 0 16049 134642 133273 2026-08-27T15:12:30Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 134642 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yannick Bangala Litomba''',(yavutse taliki ya 14 Mata 1994) i [[Kinshasa]], ni umukinnyi ukina [[umupira w'amaguru]] wa[[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Repuburika Iharanaira Demokarasi ya congo]]. Akina nka myugariro cyangwa umukinnyi wo hagati urinda izamu, kuri ubu akinira Young Africans . <ref>https://www.ippmedia.com/en/sport/yanga%E2%80%99s-tainted-euphoria-yannick-bangala-and-pain-bungled-penalty%C2%A0</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/sports/who-will-win-best-player-award--3871940 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-04-06 |archive-date=2023-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202170139/https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/sports/who-will-win-best-player-award--3871940 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.ippmedia.com/en/sport/mexime-bangala-deserves-202122-premier-league-best-player-prize</ref><ref>https://northafricapost.com/32603-drc-4-congolese-soccer-players-flee-in-canoe-to-sign-contracts-in-morocco.html</ref><ref>https://www.ippmedia.com/en/sport/coach%20nabi-explains-change-bangala%E2%80%99s-position</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.brila.net/africas-expensive-player-bakambu-leads-dr-congo-squad-super-eagles-friendly/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-04-06 |archive-date=2023-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406095253/https://www.brila.net/africas-expensive-player-bakambu-leads-dr-congo-squad-super-eagles-friendly/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.ippmedia.com/en/sport/yangas-trio-set-miss-2022-mapinduzi-cup-tourney</ref> == UBUZIMA == Hamwe no gutoranya Abanyekongo batarengeje imyaka 20, yitabiriye igikombe cy’ibihugu by’Africa cyo muri 2013 cyateguwe muri [[Aligeriya|Alijeriya]] . Hamwe n’abatoranijwe nyamukuru, yaje kwitabira amarushanwa y’ibihugu bya Afurika muri 2014 na 2016 . [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] yatsindiye ku nshuro ya 2016 yabereye mu [[Rwanda]], itsinze Mali ku mukino wa nyuma n'amanota 3-0. == IBIHEMBO == * Uwatsinze Shampiyona y’ibihugu by’Afurika muri 2016 hamwe n’ikipe ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] aclk9dt3jq2ck6nofsk65xqn36gg5lx 0 17020 134640 130469 2026-08-27T14:09:02Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 134640 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Rusumofalls.jpg|thumb|rusumo falls]] '''Urugomero rw'amashanyarazi ya Rusumo''', ruzwi ku izina rya '''Rusumo''', ni urugomero rw’amashanyarazi rwubatswe, <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=The Independent |date=30 March 2017 |title=Rwanda, Tanzania, Burundi start construction of Rusumo Dam |url=https://www.independent.co.ug/rwanda-tanzania-burundi-start-construction-rusumo-dam/ |access-date=21 May 2018 |location=Kampala}}</ref> hakaba hari hateganijwe gushyirwaho megawate zigera 80. Uyu mushinga wari urimo kubaka urugomero, hifashishijwe igishushanyo mbonera . megawate igishushanyo mbonera cy’ibigega cyatekerejweho mbere yo gutereranwa hashyirwaho umushinga wa MW 80 ufite ingaruka nkeya ku bidukikije ndetse bikaba bivugwa ko byatwaye miliyoni 300 amadolari ugereranije na miliyoni 400 z'amadolari ku mushinga munini. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Musoni |first=Edwin |date=12 March 2012 |title=Rusumo Hydropower To Generate 80MW |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2012-03-12/50441/ |access-date=8 April 2016 |location=Kigali}}</ref> Banki y'isi yatangaje ku wa 6 Kanama 2013 ko yemeye inguzanyo ingana na miliyoni 340 z'amadolari y'Amerika yerekeza kuri miliyoni 468.60 z'amadolari y'Amerika yarakenewe muri uyu mushinga. <ref>{{Cite web |last=World Bank |date=6 August 2013 |title=World Bank Approves Rusumo Falls Hydropower Plant |url=http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2013/08/06/world-bank-approves-rusumo-falls-hydropower-plant?cid=EXT_TWBN_D_EXT |access-date=18 February 2015 |publisher=[[World Bank]] |location=Washington, DC |archive-date=22 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122235803/http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2013/08/06/world-bank-approves-rusumo-falls-hydropower-plant?cid=EXT_TWBN_D_EXT |url-status=dead }}</ref> Muri Gushyingo 2013, [[Banki Nyafurika Itsura Amajyambere|Banki Nyafurika itsura amajyambere]] yemeje inguzanyo ingana na miliyoni 113 z'amadolari y'Amerika kugira ngo umushinga urangire. <ref name="African">{{Cite web |last=Hydroword |date=27 November 2013 |title=Rwanda's 80 Megawatt Rusumo Falls Hydropower Project Receives $113 Million |url=http://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/11/rusomo-falls-hydropower-project-receives-113-million.html |access-date=18 February 2015 |publisher=Hydroworld.com |archive-date=7 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707010602/https://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/11/rusomo-falls-hydropower-project-receives-113-million.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=AfDB |date=27 November 2013 |title=AfDB Board Commits US$113 Million to Regional Rusumo Falls Hydropower Project |url=http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/afdb-board-commits-us-113-million-to-regional-rusumo-falls-hydropower-project-12610/ |access-date=18 February 2015 |publisher=[[African Development Bank]] (AfDB)}}</ref> == Aho biherereye == Sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi iri ku [[Umugezi wa Kagera|mugezi wa Kagera]], hafi y’umupaka w’u [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] na [[Tanzaniya]] hamwe na kilometero 2 hepfo na ruguru aho ibihugu byombi bisangiye umupaka uhuriweho nu [[Uburundi|Burundi]] . Uyu mushinga wubatswe ku [[Isumo rya Rusumo|isoko ya Rusumo]], hafi yumujyi wa Rusumo, hafi ya kilometero 164.5 mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa [[Kigali]], [[umurwa]] mukuru numujyi munini wu Rwanda. Isumo rya Rusumo ni , mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwicyicaro cyintara i Kibungo, mukarere ka Ngoma. Iyi sitasiyo yamashanyarazi iri ni: 02 ° 22'47.0 "S, 30 ° 47'09.0" E ( Ubunini: -2.379722; Uburebure: 30.785833 ). == Ibindi bitekerezo == Imbaraga zitangwa zigabanywa bimwe mu bihugu nk'Uburundi, [[Rwanda|u Rwanda]], na Tanzaniya. <ref name="African"/> Amashanyarazi azavanwa mu ruganda rw’amashanyarazi akoresheje imirongo ya kilovolt 220 yohereza kuri sitasiyo zoherejwe muri: Gitega, u Burundi, intera ya kilometero 158 ; Kigali, u Rwanda, intera kilometero 115 na, Nyakanazi, Tanzaniya, intera ya kilometero 98 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mbesherubusa |first=Déogratias |date=2008 |title=Rusumo Falls: Water for Power Generation And Multipurpose Use, Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania |url=http://www.icafrica.org/fileadmin/documents/Water_Meeting_2008/presentations/Brief_Dam_Rusumo_falls_NBI_EN.pdf |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=icafrica.org |format=PDF}}</ref> == Amajyambere ya vuba == Mu Gushyingo 2016, hasinywe amasezerano abiri yo kubaka inzira y’amashanyarazi yasinyiwe i Kigali, mu [[RwandAir|Rwanda]]. Amasezerano ya mbere yari hagati ya Rusumo Power Company Limited hamwe n’ihuriro ry’abashoramari barimo umushinga uhuriweho na CGCOC Group Limited na Jiangxi Water and Hydropower Construction Company Limited. Aya masezerano ateganya imikorere yimirimo ya leta, harimo gutanga no gushyiramo ibikoresho bya hydro-mashini. <ref name="Sign">{{Cite web |last=Mushimiyimana |first=Diane |date=11 November 2016 |title=Rusumo power project construction a step closer |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |access-date=15 November 2016 |location=Kigali}}</ref> Amasezerano ya kabiri yasinywe hagati ya Rusumo Power Company Limited n’urugaga rw’a masosiyete, harimo Rusumo Falls Andritz Hydro GmbH yo [[Ubudage|mu Budage]] na Andritz Hydro PVT Limited yo mu [[Ubuhinde|Buhinde]], kugira ngo ikore amashanyarazi yo kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi. <ref name="Sign"/> Kugeza mu Gushyingo 2016, amafaranga ateganijwe muri uyu mushinga ni miliyoni 340 z'amadolari, azaterwa inkunga na Banki y'isi. Imirongo itatu y’amashanyarazi ihanitse izavana ingufu ziteganijwe biteganijwe ko izatwara miliyoni 121 z'amadolari, iterwa inkunga na Banki nyafurika ishinzwe iterambere. Biteganijwe ko imirimo yo kubaka izatangira muri Mutarama 2017. <ref name="Sign"/> == Ubwubatsi == * Urutonde rw'amashanyarazi mu Rwanda * [[Intara y’Iburasirazuba|Intara y'Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda]] * [[Akarere ka Kirehe]] == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umuriro]] maabk0tkxxjj0ec486t83auyr3mjom1