Wikipedia rwwiki https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intangiriro MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.21 first-letter Itangazamakuru Ibidasanzwe Ibiganiro Umukoresha Ibiganiro by'umukoresha Wikipedia Ibiganiro kuri Wikipedia Dosiye Ibiganiro kuri dosiye MediyaWiki Ibiganiro kuri MediyaWiki Inyandikorugero Ibiganiro ku nyandikorugero Ubufasha Ibiganiro ku bufasha Ikiciro Ibiganiro ku byiciro TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1663 139977 130689 2026-09-24T13:21:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139977 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Rwanda IntoreDancers.jpg|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Abatutsi (intore)</span>]] [[File:Fernand Allard l'Olivier - Les Lévriers de Musinga.jpg|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Abatutsi (intore)</span>]] [[Dosiye:Guhamiriza by'intore.jpg|thumb|Intore]] [[Dosiye:King Muzinga’s children and Major R. Høier’s daughter. Ruanda 1928. (9422840528).jpg|thumb|Abatutsi ( 1928)]] [[Dosiye:Ruanda Ospedale di Murunda.jpg|thumb|abatutsi]] '''Abatutsi''' ni ubwoko bwabanyafurika bubarizwa mugice cy'uburasirazuba, bukaba bwiganje mu [[Rwanda]] no mu [[Burundi]], ariko buboneka no mu bindi [[Dosiye:Rwandan_Culture.jpg|thumb|Intore za Batutsi ]] bihugu bya Afurika yo hagati nka [[Ubugande|Uganda]], Democratic Republic of Congo na [[Tanzaniya]]. Abatutsi bivugwa ko aribo baje nyuma mu karere k’[[ibiyaga bigari]]. N’aborozi b’[[inka]] bakaba ari 21% abatuye u Rwanda n’Uburundi. Bagaragaraga nk’imfura bakaba banashoboye gutegeka akarere igihe kirekire bakanakundwa nabose ariko twebwe Abanyarwanda Ubu ibintu bijyanye namoko ntabihari ubu twese turi abanyarwanda byumwihariko mukarere kacu ka ngororero byu mwihariko urubyiruko rwo muri akarere ka ngororero twahagurukiye kurwanya ingenga bitekerezo Binyuze muri gahunda ya nd' Umunyarwanda == Notes == <references group="A" /> == == http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Intore [[Category:Rwanda]] [[Category:Burundi]] [[Category:Abatutsi| ]] [[Category:Umuryango]] l4e73a1w3tmuunbk75ngs5usghwkkeo 0 3088 139954 112542 2026-09-24T13:18:42Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139954 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Joghurt.jpg|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Yawurute </span>]] '''Yawurute''' (izina mu [[giturukiya]] ''yoğurt'') [[Dosiye:Yasuda yogurt 150ml.jpg|thumb|Yahurute]] [[Dosiye:Milk-bottle.jpg|thumb]] Ku bantu bafata ibyo biribwa [[Ibikomoka ku mata|bikomoka ku mata]] birimo nka [[foromaje]], yawurute, abakoreweho igenzura basanze bafite amahirwe macye yo gufatwa n’indwara z’umutima kurusha abatarigeze bafata ibyo biribwa. Umubiri ukenera kandi ibikomoka ku mata : [[amata]], yawurute, foromaje ibi bitanga karisiyumu ikomeza amagufa, poroteyine kimwe na vitamini A,B,C . [[Dosiye:Milk glass.jpg|center|thumb|361x361px|amata]] [[Category:Ibiribwa]] 0uh5nwazjth6mmam565ln1rxlw4wjhp 0 3554 139982 133259 2026-09-24T13:22:02Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139982 wikitext text/x-wiki = Intangiriro = [[File:Gorilla mother and baby at Volcans National Park.jpg|thumb|206x206px|<span style="color:grey;">Ingagi zo mu birunga (gore n’umwana) mu [[Rwanda]]</span>]] [[File:Ingagi_mu_birunga.jpg|thumb|Ingagi mu birunga|264x264px]] '''Ingagi zo mu birunga'''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igihe.com/news-2-95-1258.html |title=Ingagi zo mu Birunga: inyamaswa zifite byinshi zihuriyeho n\'abantu |access-date=2011-01-02 |archive-date=2016-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306071035/http://igihe.com/news-2-95-1258.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingagi zo mu Birunga zariyongereye |url=http://www.rwandagateway.org/rw/spip.php?article625 |accessdate=2011-01-02 |archive-date=2016-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305234747/http://rwandagateway.org/rw/spip.php?article625 |deadurl=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igihe.com/news-2-95-97.html |title=Ingagi zo mu Rwanda zahungiye inkongi y’umuriro muri Congo Kinshasa |access-date=2011-01-02 |archive-date=2020-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815110539/https://www.igihe.com/news-2-95-97.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingagi muri Parike Nasiyonali y’Ibirunga |url=http://www.karabaye.com/news/article.php?id=0105 |accessdate=2011-01-19 |archive-date=2016-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306144347/http://karabaye.com/news/article.php?id=0105 |deadurl=yes }}</ref> cyangwa '''Ingagi zo mu misozi''', '''Ingagi zo mu misozi miremire''' (izina ry’ubumenyi mu [[kilatini]]: ''Gorilla beringei beringei''), ni bumwe mu bwoko bw’[[inyamaswa]] buri gucika cyane ku isi. == Ibarura ry'ingagi == [[Dosiye:Gorilla_gorilla_gorilla_6zz.jpg|thumb|Ingagi y'apfuyez]] Ubu habarwa [[ingagi]] zo mu birunga zigera kuri 720 ku isi yose, kandi zose ziherereye mu majyaruguru y’[[igihugu]] cy’u [[Rwanda]], mu majyepfo ya [[Uganda]] ndetse no mu burasirazuba bwa [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]. Muri iyo Pariki kandi harimo andi moko y’ibinyabuzima gakondo n’andi arinzwe mu rwego rw’amasezerano mpuzamahanga abuza ubucuruzi bw’amoko y’ibinyabuzima biri hafi gucika burundu ([[CITES]]). Ingangi zabazwe ni izo muri Pariki eshatu arizo: [[pariki y’Ibirunga y’u Rwanda]], [[Pariki y’Ibirunga ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] na [[Parc National des Gorilles de Mgahinga ]] yo muri Uganda. Nyamara hari izindi ziri mu ishymba ry’inzitane rya Bwindi rya Pariki y’igihugu cya Uganda. [[File:Susa group, mountain gorilla.jpg|thumb|202x202px|<span style="color:grey;">Ingagi zo mu birunga (gabo)</span>|alt=]] Abayobozi kandi basobobanuye ko iri barurwa ryakozwe mu rwego rwo kumenya uko ibintu byifashe ndetse no kureba uko ingagi zimerewe. Ibyavuye mu ibarura bikaba ari bumwe mu bushakashatsi bukomeye buzaba buhari bwerekana ubuzima bw’izi ngagi ndetse n’uko zibanyeho mu miryango yazo. Ibarura ryakozwe mu Birunga kuva muri Werurwe kugeza muri Mata uyu mwaka, ryerekanye ko umubare w’ingagi wiyongereyeho 26,3% mu myaka irindwi ishize. Ni ukuvuga ko zagiye ziyongeraho 3,7% buri mwaka. Iri barura ryasanze hari ingagi zo mu misozi 480 ziri mu miryango 36 hamwe n’izindi ngabo 14 zigiye zibana. Ibarura ryaherukaga kuba muri 2003, ryari ryabonye ingagi 380. Kugeza kuri uyu munsi, ushyizemo n’ingagi 302 zari zabazwe muri 2006 mu ishyamba rya Bwindi n’zindi enye zabuze ababyeyi zikaba zirererwa mu kigo cyo muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, umubare w’ingagi zo mu misozi zizwi ku isi ni 786. Ingagi zo mu Birunga, zagiye zibasirwa n’intambara zo mu Karere n’ubushimusi mu myaka ishize, zamenyekanye cyane kubera nyakwigendera [[Dian Fossey]], zikaba ari kimwe mu bintu bikururura ba mukerarugendo benshi mu Karere. Mu ishyamba ry’ibimera byiza cyane biri mu birunga bigabanya u Rwanda na Uganda niho habarizwa ingagi zo mu birunga zikunda gusurwa cyane ku isi. Iyi pariki ifite ubwoko bw’ingagi nyakwigendera Dian Fossey yapfuye agerageza kurwana ku buzima bwazo. Ingagi zo mu birunga zisigaye zigera kuri 355, kandi ibimera bihora bitoshye nibyo bituma zidakomeza gucika ku isi. Iyi pariki igizwe n’ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibimera, aho usanga hari ishyamba ry’ibimera bito ndetse harimo n’ibiti binini bitandukanye bibereye ijisho. [[File:Silverback.JPG|thumb|196x196px|<span style="color:grey;">Ingagi zo mu birunga (gabo na gore)</span>]] Ingagi zo mu birunga nk’ubundi bwoko bw’[[inguge]], ziba mu mashyamba agwamo cyane imvura. Kereka [[impundu]] (''chimpanzé'') nizo zishobora gutura mu bice bya ''savannah'' (ubutaka buriho ibimera bigufi kandi imvura idakunda kugwaho cyane). Ingagi zibaho zimuka buri gihe kuko zicumbika ahantu zibasha kubona ibyo kurya. Ahanini zirya ibimera kandi zikabirya ari byinshi. Ingagi zigira amenyo ameze nk’aya'abantu, niyo mpamvu zishobora gukanja ibyatsi byinshi. Ingagi z’ingabo zikuze zigira amenyo manini zikoresha iyo ziri kurwana na zigenzi zazo. Iyi nkongi yibasiye iki gice cy’ishyamba yatangiye kuwa gatandatu nk’uko bitangazwa n’ibiro ntaramakuru by’u Rwanda ngo nta kintu kizwi neza kuba cyarateye iyi nkongi ariko ngo bishoboka kuba ari abavumvu bateye iyi nkongi ariko ngo nta numwe uratabwa muri yombi. Ibindi byerekana ko iyi nkongi yatewe n’uko ari ikirere cyateye iyi nkongi kuko hari hari ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mu mwaka wa 1978 nibwo umushinga gorille des Montagnes watangiye, maze ingagi zo mu birunga ziherereye mu gice cy’u Rwanda zitangira kumenyerezwa gusurwa naba mukerarugendo.Kuva 1973 kugeza 1989,umubare w’ingagi zo mu birunga wariyongereye ziva kuri 261 zigera kuri 324. Abantu bamwe bakeka ko ubukerarugendo bwaba bwaragize uruhare muri uku kwiyongera kw'ingagi. == Amashakiro == <references/> [[Category:Inyamabere]] 4xhi1mrvfqpv0p9htcj81qi2zpf21ce 0 6815 140068 123366 2026-09-25T09:02:54Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140068 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" |- class="infobox-header" colspan="2" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |Amazina |- class="mergedrow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" | |} '''Inzovu Marsh''' iri mu kibaya cy'’uruzi rwa Lower Shire mu gihugu cya [[Malawi]], hagati y’imijyi ya Chikwawa na Nsanje. Igishanga gifite ubuso bungana nubunini kuva {{Convert|150|to|450|mi2|km2}} ukurikije imigezi ya Shire na Ruo kandi idafite umupaka uhoraho. Ahantu hamwe. Umugezi wa Ruo, uruzi runini rwa Shire n'umupaka wo mu majyepfo y'iburasirazuba uhuza Malawi na [[Mozambike]], uhuza na Shire mu gishanga cy'inzovu.<ref>https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/2308 </ref> Igishanga cyiswe David Livingstone mu 1859, wabaruye inzovu zigera kuri 800 ziri muri zone imwe. Muri iki gihe, inzovu zagiye ahanini, ariko Inzovu ya Marsh ishyigikira umubare munini w’inyoni zo mu mazi kimwe na hippopotamus. Igishanga gisa n'ikiyaga cya Chilwa n'ishanga, giherereye {{Convert|200|mi|km}} mu majyaruguru.i parike yigihugu ya Lengwe. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2025)">citation ikenewe</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Reba == lk4masozyixaw09ea8cmo01kh1ak5wr 0 8204 139983 111303 2026-09-24T13:22:09Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139983 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Münster, Wochenmarkt -- 2015 -- 7402.jpg|center|thumb|320x320px|imboga]] Imboga zikonjesheje( muli konjerateri) ni imwe mu ndyo zuzuye intungamubiri, wowe cyangwa se bana bawe mushobora kurya.Ikibabaje gusa ni uko abantu benshi batazifata nk'ibiryo bisanzwe.Kubera izo mpamvu, usanga benshi iyo bigeze igihe cyo gukora ilisiti y'ibyo guhaha batazishyiramo. Ibi aliko ni ikosa rikomeye kuko nazo zifitiye umubiri akamaro cyimwe n'imboga zitoshye. '''Zimwe mu nyungu z'imboga zikonjesheje :''' [[Dosiye:Salad_greens_and_vegetables_-_Cambridge,_MA.jpg|thumb|imboga]] <u>Imboga zikonjesheje zuzuye intungamubiri ,</u>Igikorwa cyo gukonjesha gituma imboga zigumana intungamubiri zifitemo bidasabye ko hongerwamo amo poroduwi yandi atagize icyo amariye umubiri, bitihise ashobora no guteza indwara. [[Dosiye:Vegetables_2015-09-17a.jpg|thumb|imboga]] [[Dosiye:Vegetables_0006.JPG|thumb|imboga zitandukanye ]] j4xxcv2ycklpdx36wbe61cv8mnqpg9u 0 8458 140040 127479 2026-09-24T13:29:00Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140040 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ecole des Science Byimana''' ni ishuri gatolika ryinjira mu [[Rwanda]]. rifite abanyeshuri barenga 700 mu myaka itandatu. Intego y'ishuri ni "Ubumenyi, umutimanama, n'indashyikirwa". rishishikariza abanyeshuri baryo kugira iterambere ryumwuka, ubwenge na iryumubiri babaha amahirwe yo gusenga, gukina siporo no gusabana hagati yabo binyuze mumikino. == Aho riherereye == '''Ecole des Science Byimana''' iherereye mu [[Akarere ka Ruhango|Karere ka Ruhango]], Intara y'Amajyepfo, u Rwanda. Umurenge wa Byimana, neza cyane ku musozi wa Bukomero, niho ari ishuri ryacumbikira abanyeshuri kandi rimwe mu matorero y'abavandimwe ba Maristi mu [[Rwanda]]. Ishuri riri muri metero nkeya uvuye ku muhanda munini wa Muhanga-Butare. [[Dosiye:RuhangoDist.png|center|thumb|320x320px|Ruhango]] == Amateka == Ecole des Science Byimana yashinzwe muri 1952 na abafurere baba Marist. Yakinguye amarembo nkishuri ribanza rya Bukomero ryakiraga abahungu gusa, nyuma iba Ecole des Moniteurs. Kuva rishingwa, umufurere Alvarus, Leon Jozef Backx <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.presence-mariste.fr/spip.php?article17 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2020-09-27 |archive-date=2012-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301203936/http://www.presence-mariste.fr/spip.php?article17 |url-status=dead }}</ref> yari umuyobozi w'ishuri mu myaka hafi mirongo itanu. Mu 1978, Ngombwa Stanislas, umuyobozi mukuru w'iryo shuri, yari mu cyiciro cya gatandatu cya siyansi. Mu 1987, ishuri ryatangiye kwakira abakobwa. Muri [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo]] mu 1994, iryo shuri ryatakaje abakozi benshi ndetse n’abanyeshuri. Ishuri ryagize amazina menshi ariko azwi cyane ni Ecole des Science Byimana. Mu 2002, iryo shuri ryijihije isabukuru yimyaka 50 hamwe n’abanyeshuri 800, abahungu, n’abakobwa. Muri 2008, usibye Tronc Commun (urwego rusanzwe / ishuri ryisumbuye), iryo shuri ryari rifite amahitamo abiri: Bio-Chimie (Biology-Chemistry) na Math-Physique (Imibare-Ubugenge), aho ikura izina ryishuri ryubumenyi rya Byimana. Ururimi rw’amasomo kuri iryo shuri rwabaye [[igifaransa]], ariko guhera mu ntangiriro za 2009 guverinoma y’u Rwanda yahinduye gahunda y’uburezi mu [[Icyongereza|cyongereza]] mu gihe u Rwanda rwinjiye mu [[Umuryango w’Ibihugu by’Iburasirazuba bw’Afurika|muryango w’Afurika y’iburasirazuba]] (2007) na Commonwealth (2009). Kuva muri uwo mwaka (2009) izina "amahitamo" ryahinduwe 'amahuza' muri sisitemu y’amasomo yo mu Rwanda kandi ishuri ryagumye hamwe hamwe: PCM (Physique, Chimie, na Mathematics), PCB (Physics, Chemistry, na Biology), na MCB (Imibare, Ubutabire, na Biologiya), hamwe nurwego rusanzwe. Muri 2014 habaye ishyirwaho rya MPC (Imibare, [[Umugenge|Ubugenge]], na Mudasobwa) muri bo abanyeshuri ba mbere barangije muri 2016. == Abayobozi == Frère Rugereka 'irihimbano) niwe wabanjirije Kigori * Umufurere Alvarus (1952–1995) * Umufurere Ngombwa Stanislas (1996–2002) * Umufurere Malisaba Straton (2002–2009) [https://web.archive.org/web/20121102221940/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-11979475.html] * Umufurere Ngombwa Stanislas (2009–2013) * Umufurere Alphonse Gahima (2013–2015) * Umufurere Malisaba Straton (2015–2017) * Umufurere crescent Karerangabo (2018 - 2022) * Umufurere INGABIRE Jean Marie Vianney (2022 - ubungubu) == Indangagaciro n'intego == Marcellin Champagnat, washinze Marist Brothers yavuze ''ati "kurera abana tugomba kubakunda no kubakunda kimwe"'' Ishuri ritanga ubumenyi kimwe na disipuline ikurikiza inzira ya Champagnat ikunda kandi yitaho. Amasomo nyamukuru yishuri ari mubumenyi: imibare, fiziki, ibinyabuzima na chimie. Usibye siyanse, abanyeshuri bafashwa muburyo bwumwuka: abanyeshuri baterana buri munsi kugirango kuvuga amasengesho kandi basenge. Nubwo ishuri ari Umugatolika, umuntu wese afite uburenganzira bwo kwitabira idini iryo ariryo ryose. Ishuri ryakira abantu bose batitaye ku idini ryabo, inkomoko yabo, nibindi. Nyamara, abanyeshuri bamwe ntibabona amahirwe yo kwiga aho ngaho kuko ishuri rifite ibibazo bitoroshye byo kwinjira hashingiwe ku kizamini gisanzwe cyigihugu. Ishuri rishobora kugera ku ntego zaryo kubera ubufatanye no kudasobanuka neza kw'abanyeshuri n'abakozi bayo. Umwanya w'ishuri nawo urafasha: ifite inyubako zihagije (dortoir, ibyumba byo kuriramo, ibyumba by'ishuri na laboratoire). Ariko, inyubako zimwe zirashaje. Nyamara ishuri rikomeje kwaguka kugirango rihuze ibipimo kandi ritange uburezi bwiza bushoboka. Abanyeshuri ba Byimana bitezeho kuba abantu bafite ubuhanga bagamije kugira uruhare mu kwiyubaka kwu Rwanda. == Reba == <references /> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200118030451/http://www.byimana-school.com/Byimanaschool/Home.html Urubuga rwishuri] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20191027161705/http://www.sanz.biz/byimana Byimana] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100829182657/http://www.ysnews.com/stories/2008/12/120408_rwanda.html Abanyarwanda bafungura isi kuri YS] [[Category:Amashuri mu Rwanda]] jkernbe0vcnlfujj4khr90whpzrfv82 0 8552 140128 134862 2026-09-25T09:09:54Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140128 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bralirwa,''' nanone izwi ku izina ry'Igifaransa '''Brasseries et Limonaderies du Rwanda, sosiyete mu [[Rwanda|yo Rwanda]]''' ni Brewer nini inakora kinyobwa bidasindisha. Umugabane [[Dosiye:Bralirwa_Track.jpg|thumb|Imodoka nini za Bralirwa zitwara ibicuruzwa zibigeza hafi y' abaturage]] wacyo wimigabane urutonde rwimigabane yu Rwanda, aho bacuruza munsi yikimenyetso: '''BLRW'''. Kugeza mu Kuboza 2017, umutungo wose w’isosiyete ufite agaciro ka miliyari 127.73 (hafi miliyoni 149.72 US $), imigabane y’abanyamigabane ingana na miliyari 35.7 (miliyoni 41.83 US $). [[Dosiye:RubavuDist.png|thumb|Aho Bralirwa Brewery iherereye]] == Amateka == Amateka ya Bralirwa yatangiye kuva 1957. Ubuyobozi bw'inzoga zo muri [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Kongo]] [[Uburundi|n'Uburundi]], icyo gihe ziyobowe na '''Brasseries de Leopoldville''' (Uruganda rwa [[Kinshasa]]), rwafashe icyemezo cyo kubaka urundi ruganda rukora inzoga mu karere k'iburasirazuba. Umujyi wa [[Umujyi wa Rubavu|Gisenyi]], ku nkombe y’amajyaruguru [[Ikiyaga cya Kivu|yikiyaga cya Kivu]], watoranijwe kubamo inzoga nshya. Gisenyi yatoranijwe kubera impamvu ebyiri: (a) Byagerwaho byoroshye, n'amazi, ubutaka n'umwuka kandi (b) Ikiyaga cya Kivu gifite umubare munini wibigega bya gaze metani, isoko yingufu zindi. Uruganda rwenga inzoga rwatangiye gukora mu 1959 rutangira gukora byeri ya Primus, ikirango cyonyine cyakozwe kugeza 1987. Mu 1987, hashyizweho ikirango gishya cy’inzoga zaho, Mützig. Mu 1989, Bralirwa yatangiye gukora Guinness abiherewe uruhushya. [[Dosiye:Brasserie_Bralirwa.jpg|thumb|Brasserie Bralirwa]] Mu 1971, mu Heineken Group, a [[Ubuholandi|Dutch]] haradutse abubatsi, yaguze kw'ijana 70 abenshi imigabane mu Bralirwa. Hamwe no kugura, Bralirwa yazamuye cyane uburyo bwo kuyikora. Mu 1974, Bralirwa itandukanye mu gukora ibinyobwa bidasembuye. Uruganda rw’ibinyobwa rworoshye rwafunguwe i [[Kigali]], [[umurwa]] mukuru w’u Rwanda n’umujyi munini. Uruganda rwenga inzoga rwafatanije na Sosiyete Coca-Cola, yemerera Bralirwa kwagura ibicuruzwa byakozwe. Kuva muri 2018, Bralirwa ni uruganda rukora inzoga n’ibinyobwa byemewe mu karere ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga ndetse no kwagura ibinyobwa bisindisha n'ibidasindisha. == Nyirubwite == Imigabane yimigabane yisosiyete iri kurutonde rwimigabane yu Rwanda (RSE), aho bacuruza munsi yikimenyetso cya '''BLRW'''. Itsinda rya Heineken rifite 75 ku ijana by'imigabane y'isosiyete. 25% isigaye ni iy'abashoramari ku giti cyabo n'inzego. Ukuboza 2009, Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yitandukanije neza na sosiyete igurisha imigabane 5 ku ijana mu itsinda rya Heineken ndetse no gushyira ku rutonde 25% basigaye kuri RSE, binyuze mu itangwa rya mbere (IPO). As of December 2017 of December 2017 , umutungo wimigabane yisosiyete nkuko bigaragara mumbonerahamwe ikurikira: {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:0.5em auto" |+Bralirwa ! style="width:2em;" | Urutonde ! Izina rya nyirubwite ! Ijanisha nyirizina |- | 1 | Heineken Mpuzamahanga | 40.01 |- | 2 | Belegginsmaatschapij BV | 35.00 |- | 3 | Arisaig Africa Consumer Fund Limited | 7.06 |- | 4 | Ikigo cy'Ubwiteganyirize bw'u Rwanda | 2.80 |- | 5 | CFC Stanbic Nominees Limited A / C NR13303 | 2.68 |- | 6 | FRB ITF Ishoramari Ikigega cya Afrika | 2.58 |- | 7 | CFC Stanbic Nominees Limited A / C NR 4262756 | 1.99 |- | 8 | Frontaura Global Frontier Fund LLC | 1.70 |- | 9 | Abashoramari b'ibigo n'abikorera binyuze muri RSE | 5.18 |- | | '''Igiteranyo''' | '''100.00''' |- |} == Imiyoborere == Kugeza mu Kuboza 2017, abagize inama y'ubutegetsi ya Bralirwa barimo abantu bakurikira: * Boudewijn Haarsma: Umuyobozi w'intebe * Victor Madiela: Umuyobozi udakurikirana imegidendere * Chantal Mubarure: Umuyobozi udakurikirana imegidendere * George Gakuba: Umuyobozi udakurikirana imegidendere * John Bosco Sebabi: Umuyobozi udakurikirana imegidendere * Jordi Borrut Bel: Umuyobozi udakurikirana imegidendere * Hubert Eze: Umuyobozi udakurikirana imegidendere == Ibikorwa == Uruganda rwa Bralirwa ruherereye i [[Umujyi wa Rubavu|Gisenyi]], hafi 158 kilometres (98 mi), kumuhanda, iburengerazuba bwa [[Kigali]], umurwa mukuru wu Rwanda. Icyicaro gikuru cyikigo giherereye i Kigali. Ikindi giherereye i Kigali ni Uruganda rwibinyobwa rworoheje, aho ibinyobwa bya Coca-Cola bikomoka kuri karubone bikorerwa uruhushya. Muri Gicurasi 2011, ibinyamakuru byatangaje ko iyi sosiyete iri mu rwego rwo gushyiraho umurongo mushya wo gukora ibinyobwa bidasembuye ku ruganda rw’uru ruganda i Kicukiro, mu nkengero za Kigali, no kuzamura uruganda rwenga inzoga i Gisenyi. == Ibirango == Ibirango byakozwe na Bralirwa birimo: === Inzoga === * Primus * Citron * Turbo King * Huza * Mützig, a 5.5% ABV lager; yatangijwe mu 1987. * Mützig Lite * Heineken * Amstel * Legend === Ibinyobwa bidasembuye === * Coca-Cola * Fanta : Orange, Citron, Fiesta * Sprite * Soda == Reba kandi == * [[Rwanda|Repubulika y'u Rwanda]] * [[Ubukungu bw'U Rwanda|Ubukungu bw'u Rwanda]] * [[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|Intara y'Iburengerazuba, u Rwanda]] == Amashakiro == {{Reflist|30em}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.bralirwa.com/ Urupapuro rwitangiriro] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070830131102/http://www.heinekeninternational.com/homepage.aspx Heineken] * [http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Rwanda-s-Bralirwa-gets-Sh2-5bn-loan-to-fund-expansion/-/539552/2848824/-/o81glq/-/index.html Bralirwa yo mu Rwanda ibona KSh2.5 Inguzanyo ya miliyari yo kwagura inkunga] '''Amafoto''' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120301205945/http://www.vaucher.info/voyages/rwanda/tourisme/gisenyi/gisenyi_015.jpg Inzoga ya Bralirwa muri Gisenyi] 8stnevt61cxwogjd0efyuls7crnqhmj 0 8740 140160 129097 2026-09-25T09:27:39Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140160 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Cyprien et Daphrose Rugamba (Kigali, Rwanda, 1992) - Cropped.jpg|thumb|366x366px|Rugamba Cyprien n'umufasha we Daphrose]] [[Dosiye:Guitar May 2009-1.jpg|thumb|gitari]] Rugamba Cyprien umwanditsi, umushakashatsi, umusizi ndetse wamenyekanye cyane mu torero rye Amasimbi n'amakombe. Yakomokaga mu bwoko bw'abahutu ariko akaba yarafatwaga na benshi nk'umuntu uhanga kandi agakoresha abantu bose mu bihangano bye atarobanuye ubwoko. Umugore we yari umututsi. Bakaba barishwe bombi muri Jenoside yo mu Rwanda mu mwaka w'i 1994, hamwe n'abana babo batandatu. == Ubuzima bwe n'amashuri yize == Rugamba Cyprien yavutse ahagana mu mwaka wa 1935, yavukiye mugace k'icyaro i karama mu cyahoze ari komini ya karama muri Gikongoro ya kera, ahitwa ku Muyange kuhagera uvuye mumugi wa nyamagabe ugenda ibirometero cumi na bibiri (12).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-02-10 |archive-date=2021-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207083938/https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |url-status=dead }}</ref> yavutse kuri Bicakungeri Michel na Nyirakinani Tereziya yavutse ari umwana wa kane mu muryango w'iwabo, akivuka yiswe Sirikare amaze gukura nibwo yafashe izina rya Rugamba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-02-10 |archive-date=2021-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207083938/https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |url-status=dead }}</ref> Rugamba yavukiye mu muryango utarakundaga gusenga gusa yabyirutse akunda Imana. Amashuri abanza yayigiye muri paruwasi ya cyanika ubu ni mu [[Akarere ka Nyamagabe|karere ka Nyamagabe]] kubera ubwenge yarafite yasimbukijwe amashuri abiri nyuma yo gusoza amashuri abanza yakomereje ayisumbuye muri seminari ntoya y'i Kabgayi izwi ku izina rya St Leon. Rugamba yifuzaga kuba umupadiri yavuye i kabgayi akomereza muri seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda. Rugamba Cyprien yake gukomereza kaminuza i [[Bujumbura]] abifashijwemo nabakoroni bababiligi mu ishami ry' amateka asoje ayo masomo yaje gukomereza icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]] muri kaminuza ya Louvain. Nubwo yigaga yanabivangaga nibikorwa by'ubusizi n'ubuhanzi. Ubwo yari mububiligi yahahimbiye indirimbo nyinshi anandika ibitabo byinshi byahurizaga kugukebura umuryango nyarwanda yabonaga uyoba ugana ahabi mw'ivangura n'ubwicanyi.<ref>http://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/umuhungu-wa-rugamba-sipiriyani-yavuze-ko-ise-atigeze-aririmba</ref> == Umwuga == Ubwo Rugamba Cyprien yagarukaga mu [[Rwanda]] yakoze muri minisiteri y'uburezi, ahavuye aba perefe wa kibuye Umwaka umwe, yabaye umuyobozi w'ishuri nderabarezi rya IPN, ndetse aza nogukora mu cyahoze ari IRST yahagaritse gukoramo mu wa 1989. Nubwo yakoraga ibyo byose Rugamba Cyprien ntibyamubuzaga gukora ibikorwa bye bijyanye n'ubusizi ndetse no guhimba indirimbo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-02-10 |archive-date=2021-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207083938/https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Umuryango == Rugamba Cyprien yakunze umukobwa witwa Mukangiro Saverina cyane akamuhimbira ibisigo, indirimbo ndetse n'ibihozo harimo nka Musaninyange n'ibindi. yahimbye imitoma amurata imico n'uburanga. mu mwaka wa 1963 Rugamba yabuze umukunzi we kubera politiki y'ivangura aho umukunzi yishwe kuri noheri azira ko ari umututsi akajugunywa mu mugezi wa mwogo. Rugamba warubanye neza n'umuryango wa Mukangiro Saverina yahisemo kuwugumamo maze ubwo yagarukaga mu wa 1965 atwara undi witwaga Mukansanga Daphrose wari mubyara wa Mukangiro Saverina.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-02-10 |archive-date=2021-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207083938/https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ibindi == Mugihe Rugamba cyprien yari mu mashuri yisumbuye muri seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda aho yategurirwaga kuzaba umupadiri yaje kuba umuhakanyi yiyomora ku myemerera yo kwemera Imana, mu mpamvu zaba zaramuteye gutera umugongo Imana ndetse na [[kiliziya Gatolika]] ngo n'uburyo yabonaga abihayimana bo mugihe cye ndetse nabo yamenye mbere babiba urwango mu bantu, inyigisho zabasenyeri zo gutanya abanyarwanda zatumye atakariza icyizere umwuga wo kwiha Imana ahita abihagarika, ikindi cyaba cyaramuteye kureka inzira yo kwiha Imana no kuyemera nuko yari yaracengewe nagace k'isomo rya filozofiya kavuga ku ihame ryo kubaho kw'ibintu hatabayeho iremwa(Existensialisme et Materialisme) gusa nyuma yongeye kwizera Imana nyuma yo kumva ijwi ry'Imana ubwo yaravuye kwivuza mu Bubiligi uburwayi bwo kutumva ndetse no kumva adashaka kurya iryo jwi yaryumvise ari mu ndege rimusaba guhinduka kuva ubwo ahimba indirimbo nyinshi zihimbaza Imana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/amateka-ya-rugamba-sipiriyani-wishwe-muri-jenoside |accessdate=2021-02-12 |archive-date=2020-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219183138/http://www.umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/amateka-ya-rugamba-sipiriyani-wishwe-muri-jenoside |deadurl=yes }}</ref> Rugamba Cyprien na Daphrose nibo bashinze umuryango witwa Communaute de l'Emmanuel mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1990. hanyuma yanashinze ikigo cyabitiriwe gifasha abana bo mu muhanda.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/amakuru/2015/09/150918_rugamba</ref> Rugamba Cyprien yari atuye kimihurura hafi y'ikigo cya IFAK aho hafi hari ikigo cya gisirikare cyabagamo abasirikare barindaga Habyarimana kandi yari yarashizwe kurutonde rwabagombaga kwicwa byari bigoye ko yarokoka ubwo Indege ya Perezida Habyarimana yagwagwa, Umuryango wa Rugamba uri muyaherewe yicwa muri Genocide yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata mu wa 1994 ku itariki zirindwi(7) harokotse umuhungu we w'imfura n'umukobwe we bari baraye i [[Butare]] kwa Nyirasenge.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-02-10 |archive-date=2021-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207083938/https://www.kigalitoday.com/inkuru-zicukumbuye/article/wari-uzi-ko-rugamba-sipiriyani-atigeze-aririmba-mu-ndirimbo-ze |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ibindi wareba == * Amasimbi n'amakombe * [https://emmanuel.info/kigali/ Communaute de l'Emmanuel] == Aho byakuwe == <references /> # # bkyv7jta21ak3ay7yps2ro3l9z6aimm 0 8899 140027 136189 2026-09-24T13:27:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140027 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Nyamata Genocide Herdenkingssite.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa jenoside yakorewe abatutsi i Nyamata<ref>https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=Urwibutso+rwa+jenocide+rwa+Nyamata&title=Special%3AMediaSearch&type=image </ref>]] [[Dosiye:Delegates Arrive with Genocide Commemoration Bouquets - Catholic Church Memorial - Nyamata - Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa jenoside yakorewe abatutsi muri Nyamata]] [[Dosiye:Interior of Catholic Church Genocide Memorial Site with Piled Clothes of Victims - Nyamata - Rwanda.jpg|thumb|urwibutso rwa jenoside yakorewe abatutsi rwa Nyamata]] [[Dosiye:Rwandan Genocide Murambi skulls.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q24964550}}{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q24964550|useImage=[[File:Nyamata Genocide memorial.jpg|Nyamata_Genocide_memorial]]}} '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata''' rwubatswe ku cyahoze ari urusengero mu birometero 30 uvuye mu majyepfo ya [[Kigali]] mu [[Rwanda]], hibukirwa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|itsembabwoko ryo]] mu [[Rwanda]] mu 1994. Imibiri y'abantu 50.000 yashyinguwe hano. <ref name="lp">[http://www.lonelyplanet.com/rwanda/sights/religious/nyamata-church Nyamata church], Lonely Planet, Retrieved 4 March 2016</ref> [[Dosiye:Nyamata_Memorial_Site_Rwanda.JPG|thumb|Urwibutso rwa Nyamata Rwanda]] == Aho ruherereye == Uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu hantu hatandatu hibukirwa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi]] mu [[Rwanda]]. Abandi ni Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi, [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero]], [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Ntarama]], [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigal]][[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|i]], n'Urwibutso rwa Nyarubuye. <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 4 March 2015</ref> Hariho nizindi nzibutso zisaga 250 zanditswe zibitse imibiri y'abatutsi benshi bishwe muri jenoside yo mu [[Rwanda]]. == Amateka == [[File:Nyamata_Memorial_Site_13.jpg|thumb| Ibisigazwa by'imibiri mu rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]] [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Itsembabwoko mu Rwanda]] ryatangiye muri Mata 1994. Abatutsi benshi bahungiye mu byitwaga amatorero yafatwaga nk'ahantu abantu babonera umutekano mu by'ukuri hatavogerwa. Abantu bagera ku 10,000 bahungiye muri uru rusengero barifungirana. Inkuta z'iyi nzu yari urusengero yerekana uburyo abakoze genocide baciye umwobo mu rukuta rw'iyo nzu kugira ngo grenade zishobore kujugunywa muri uru rusengero maze zice imbaga yari yaruhungiyemo. Nyuma y'ibyo, abantu bari imbere bararashwe abandi bicishwa imihoro. Igisenge cy'itorero cyerekana imyobo y'amasasu kandi igitambaro cy'urutambiro kiracyafite amaraso. Ibyinshi mu bisigazwa byarashyinguwe ariko hasigaye imyenda n'indangamuntu. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200720072109/http://www.genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ Genocide Archive of Rwanda]</ref> Indangamuntu nizo zagaragazaga abantu nk'abatutsi cyangwa abahutu. Abantu bo muri aka gace kegeranye n'urusengero nyuma y'ubwicanyi bwakorewe kuri iryo torero nabo barishwe. Ibisigazwa byabantu 50.000 byashyinguwe hano. <ref name="lp"/> == Reba kandi == * [[Nyamata]]  == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2014/jul/04/-sp-rwanda-genocide-nyamata-liberation-day-photography Umunsi wo Kwibohoza kwa Nyamata], urugendo rwa panoramic muri 2014, The Guardian * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200720072109/http://www.genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ Ububiko bwa Jenoside yo mu Rwanda] {{Palette Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda|state=uncollapsed}} [[Category:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] [[Category:Rwanda]] [[Category:Genocide]] [[Category:Ubukerarugendo mu Rwanda]] cqm27voez6avtt8ix7hzd4ol583xc9s 0 9232 140152 120608 2026-09-25T09:26:42Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140152 wikitext text/x-wiki The Battle of Algiers ni filimi yakinwe n'abataliyani bafatanyije n'abanyalijeliya yakinwe muri 1966 ivuga kumateka yanditswe na iyoborwa Gillo Pontecorvo na Star Jean Martin na Saadi Yacef<ref>https://www.criterion.com/films/248-the-battle-of-algiers</ref> . Ishingiye ku bikorwa byakozwe n’inyeshyamba mu gihe cy’intambara ya Alijeriya (1954–1962) kurwanya leta y’[[Ubufaransa]] muri [[Afurika]] y’Amajyaruguru, icyagaragaye cyane ni Intambara izwi ku izina rya Algiers, [[umurwa]] mukuru wa Alijeriya<ref>https://theconversation.com/the-battle-of-algiers-an-iconic-film-whose-message-of-hope-still-resonates-today-170121</ref>. Yafatiwe amashusho ahantu hateguwe na Roberto Rossellinimu buryo bwa newsreel style: umwirabura n'umuzungu hamwe no guhindura ubwoko bwa documentaire kugirango hongerwe kumyumvire yukuri kwamateka, hamwe nabakinnyi badafite umwuga babayeho kurugamba nyarwo.<ref>https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-the-battle-of-algiers-1967</ref> Amanota ya film yahimbwe na Ennio Morricone. Bikunze guhuzwa na cinema yo mubutaliyani<ref>https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/battle-of-algiers-historical-truth-and-filmic-representation/</ref>. Iyi filime yibanze cyane cyane ku barwanyi b'impinduramatwara Ali La Pointe mu myaka iri hagati ya 1954 na 1957, igihe abarwanyi b'inyeshyamba za FLN bishyira hamwe bakaguka i Casbah, umurwa mukuru wa [[Alijeriya]]<ref>https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Battle-of-Algiers</ref>. Ibikorwa byabo byahuye nabaparakomando b'Abafaransa bagerageza kugarura akarere kari karafashwe. Filime cyane ivuga kubyerekeye imitwe yitwara gisirikari hamwe nuburyo butemewe, nkiyicarubozo, byakoreshwaga nimbaraga zabakoloni. Alijeriya yashoboye kubona ubwigenge bw'Abafaransa<ref>https://www.criterionchannel.com/the-battle-of-algiers</ref>. Filime yarashimiwe cyane. Imitwe yombi y'inyeshyamba hamwe n'abayobozi ba leta basanze ari ibisobanuro by'ingenzi ku ntambara yo mu mujyi <ref>https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Battle-of-Algiers </ref>. Ifite umwanya wa 48 kuri ''Filime 250 za Critics ''' ''Amajwi ya Sight &amp;amp; Sound'' 2012<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/film/2007/may/11/drama.worldcinema</ref>, ndetse n’umwanya wa 120 ku ''rutonde rw’ikinyamakuru Empire'' ku rutonde rwa "Filime 500 zikomeye mu bihe byose<ref>https://www.filmlinc.org/films/the-battle-of-algiers/</ref>". Yatoranijwe kugirango yinjire kurutonde rwa " Filime 100 zo mu Butaliyani zigomba gukizwa ". Ikibazo kijyanye na sociopolitiki, film ntabwo imaze imyaka itanu yerekanwe mubufaransa 1971<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/41689226.pdf</ref>. [[Dosiye:Alger_algiers_casbah_1900.jpg|thumb| Casbah, aho film yafatiwe]] [[Dosiye:Battle-of-Algiers-screenshot.jpg|thumb|250x250px| Mahmoud, Hassiba, Omar Nto, na Ali La Pointe mu bwihisho.]] == abakinnyi == * Jean Martin nka Coloneli Philippe Mathieu * Brahim Haggiag nka Ali La Pointe * Yacef Saadi nka Saari Kader / El-Hadi Jafar * Tommaso Neri nka Kapiteni Dubois * Samia Kerbash nka Fathia * Ugo Paletti nka Kapiteni * Fusia El Kader nka Halima * Franco Moruzzi * Mohamed Ben Kassen nka Omar Nto [[Dosiye:Saadi_Yacef,_Picci_and_Gillo_Pontecorvo_1966.jpg|thumb| Umuyobozi w’Ubutaliyani, Gillo Pontecorvo (second from right) kumwe n’umugore we Picci n’umukinnyi wa Alijeriya ndetse n’umufatanyabikorwa witwa Saadi Yacef wifotoje iruhande rw’abashyitsi mu iserukiramuco rya sinema rya 27 rya Venice, aho iyi filime yatsindiye Intare ya Zahabu .]] ==== references ==== h22bw849ylsxeuytic8cctu5aksjbjs 0 9237 139984 128194 2026-09-24T13:22:16Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139984 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Of Good Report''' ni filime y’urukundo yo muri [[Afurika]] y'epfo yakinwe 2013, iyobowe na Jahmil XT Qubeka<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/08/21/world/africa/of-good-report-movie-ban/index.html</ref> . Filime yari ifite Mothusi Magano na Petronella Tshuma mu nshingano zabo<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mnestudies.com/report-writing/qualities-and-characteristics-good-reports |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-11 |archive-date=2021-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111043128/http://www.mnestudies.com/report-writing/qualities-and-characteristics-good-reports |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Mu bihembo bya 10 bya Afurika Movie Academy Awards, yari bifite ibihembo byinshi, kandi yegukana igihembo cya Afurika Movie Academy Academy cya Filime Nziza<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://compassfilms.is/productions/of-good-report/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-11 |archive-date=2021-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111043118/http://compassfilms.is/productions/of-good-report/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>https://africanfilmny.org/films/of-good-report/</ref>. Iyi filime yerekanwe mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya firime rya Toronto 2013<ref>https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/of_good_report<nowiki/>Of Good Report – Cast & Crew on MUBI <nowiki>https://mubi.com</nowiki> › films › of-good-report › cast</ref>. Muri Nyakanga 2013, mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya Filime rya 34 rya Durban<ref>https://variety.com/2013/film/global/of-good-report-review-1200798187/</ref>,<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/oct/14/of-good-report-london-film-festival-review</ref> filime yatoranijwe mbere yo gufungura iri serukiramuco yatangaje ko yabujijwe na Fondasiyo y’igihugu ya Filime na Video kubera ko irimo "porunogarafiya y’abana", iki cyemezo cyaje gukurwaho nyuma y’ubujurire n'abatunganya firime<ref>https://www.nfvf.co.za/home/index.php?ipkArticleID=8</ref>. == Abakinnyi<ref>https://www.lacp.com/annual-report-awards.htm</ref> == * Mothusi Magano nka Parker Sithole * Petronella Tshuma nka Nolitha Ngubane * Tshamano Sebe nka Vuyani * Lee-Ann Van Rooi nka Const. Arendse * Tina Jaxa nk'umuyobozi w'ikigo * Thobi Mkhwanazi nka Squeeza * Nomhle Nkonyeni nka Nyiricyubahiro * Lihlebo Magugu nka Sipho * Frances Ndlazilwana nka Nyirakuru * Mary Twala nka Esther Sithole == Umugambi == Filime ivuga amateka y'umubano w'urukundo rudakwiye hagati y'umwarimu w'ishuri ryisumbuye numwe m'ubanyeshuri be b'abakobwa. == references == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] ndw60ztli89q6sy2ptcv3vguypinuej 0 9308 140028 123949 2026-09-24T13:27:35Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Boetie Gaan Border Toe''''' ni filime yo gusebanya 1984 yashyizweho mugihe cy'intambara y'umupaka wa [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afrika]] yepfo<ref>https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b6f72c27b</ref> . Iyi filime yayobowe na Regardt van den Bergh, ikaba ikinamo Arnold Vosloo, Frank Dankert na Frank Opperman. Umusaruro wafashijwe n’ingabo z’Afurika yepfo (SADF)<ref>https://www.themoviedb.org/movie/30804-boetie-gaan-border-toe</ref>. == Umugambi == Boetie van Tonder, umusore wo muri Afrikaner, ashobora kwinjizwa mu gisirikare cya [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika]] y'Epfo<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gwonline.unc.edu/node/6476 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-12 |archive-date=2021-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112084838/https://gwonline.unc.edu/node/6476 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Nubwo mu mizo ya mbere yiyemeje kurwanya umurimo w’igihugu no kwanga amabwiriza, ahita abona ihumure ari kumwe n’abasirikare bagenzi be mu gihe bahuye n’imyitozo ikaze y’amahugurwa y’ibanze ndetse no koherezwa ku mupaka wa [[Angola|Angola.]]<ref>https://www.filmoria.co.uk/movie-list/boetie-gaan-border-toe-mv030804</ref> == Abakinnyi == * Arnold Vosloo nka Boetie van Tonder * Eric Nobbs [ af ] nka Bots ya Korporaal * Frank Dankert nkumupira wa Dampies * Kelsey Middleton nka Jenny Ball * Janie du Plessis [ af ] nka Elize * Kerneels Coertzen nka Davel * Pagel Kruger nka Mnr. Moerdijk * William Abdul nka James * Frank Opperman nka De Kock * Blake Toerien nka Piet Slabbert * Christo Yasahuwe nk'izuba * Neels Engelbrecht nka Gattie * Rudi De Jager nka Meyer * Bobbette Fouche nka Mev. Moerdijk * Graham Clarke nka Dokter * Gys de Villiers nka Korporaal Smit * Jacques Loots [ af ] nka Politiki * Jana Cilliers nk'Umwarimu (dosent) * Gretha Brazelle nka Charmaine == Kwakira == Umusesenguzi w’ubuvanganzo Monica Popescu yasobanuye ko ''Boetie Gaan Border Toe'' hamwe ''n’uruhererekane rwayo''<ref>https://www.moviemeter.nl/film/92789</ref>'', Boetie Op Maneuvers'', nk'ibikorwa byerekanaga urukundo rw’intambara yo ku mupaka wa [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika]] y'Epfo kandi byibanze cyane ku "myitwarire idahwitse y'abasirikare ba SADF"<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20211112084837/https://hyperleap.com/topic/Boetie_Gaan_Border_Toe</ref>. Keyan Tomaselli wo muri kaminuza ya Johannesburg yanenze iyi filime "kwamamaza"<ref>https://mail.naijagreen.com.ng/s/afrikaans-full-movies-boetie-gaan-border-toe-full-movie/</ref>.<ref>https://www.filmvandaag.nl/film/92366-boetie-gaan-border-toe/kopen?ref=filmpagina</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Filimi zo muri Afurika y’Epfo]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika y’Epfo]] ofy8qzv2ysbc3liu5fdq3i96aq5cknz 0 9414 140114 135231 2026-09-25T09:08:15Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140114 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Map of Malagasy language dialects.svg|thumb|agace marie yavukiyemo muri Malagasy ninaho yakuriye nyuma aza kujya mubu france]] '''Marie-Clémence Andriamonta Paes''' (wavutse 1959), ni umukinnyi wa firime w’Abafaransa wo muri Malagasi<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0086972/</ref> . Yakoze inyandiko nyinshi zamamaye cyane zirimo: ''Angano.'' ''.'' ''.'' ''Angano.'' ''.'' ''.'', ''Mahaleo'' na ''L'opéra du bout du monde''. Usibye gutanga icyerekezo, ni producer numwanditsi<ref>https://dafilms.com/director/10097-marie-clemence-paes</ref>. == Ubuzima bwite == Yavutse mu 1959 kuri se w’umufaransa na nyina wa Malagasy. Yarangije impamyabumenyi ihanitse muri Sociology na Marketing CELSA-Sorbonne Diploma <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://frenchculture.org/events/11052-fahavalo-madagascar-1947-director-marie-clemence-andriamonta-paes |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-15 |archive-date=2021-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115052524/https://frenchculture.org/events/11052-fahavalo-madagascar-1947-director-marie-clemence-andriamonta-paes |url-status=dead }}</ref>.Yashakanye na César Paes, akaba n'umuyobozi wa filimi uvuka muri Franco-Berezile<ref>http://africultures.com/personnes?no=7524</ref>. == Umwuga == Mu 1988, yatangije uruganda rwigenga rukorera i Paris rwitwa 'Laterit Productions' hamwe n'umugabo we César<ref>https://africanfilmny.org/directors/marie-clemence-andriamonta-paes/</ref>. Isosiyete ikora ibicuruzwa yiyemeje gukwirakwiza no gutangaza. Hamwe numugabo we César Paes, yanditse kandi akora documentaire nka ''Angano.'' ''.'' ''.'' ''Angano.'' ''.'' ''.'' ''Umugani wo muri Madagasikari'', ''Indirimbo n'amarira ya Kamere'', na ''Soup ya Awara''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_liste_generique/C_36529_F |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-15 |archive-date=2021-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115052504/http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_liste_generique/C_36529_F |url-status=dead }}</ref> . ''Awara Soup'' yatsindiye ibihembo byinshi muri Cinéma du Réel, Festival dei Popoli na Dok Leipzig. Filime ze nka ''Saudade do Futuro'', ''Mahaleo'', ''Opera yo mu nyanja y'Ubuhinde'' ''n'indirimbo za Madagasikari'' zasohotse mu ikinamico mu [[Bufaransa]] no muri [[Amerika]]<ref>https://tisch.nyu.edu/performance-studies/events/ay-2019-20/screening-of-fahavalo-with-filmmaker-marie-clemence-andriamonta-</ref>. Muri documentaire ye, umuziki ni ikintu cyingenzi kandi umuziki ukoreshwa nkibintu byerekana inkuru. Amenshi muri firime ayobowe na Clémence yatsindiye ibihembo byinshi mu iserukiramuco rya Cinéma du Réel<ref>https://www.allocine.fr/personne/fichepersonne_gen_cpersonne=49270.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.centrepompidou.fr/en/ressources/personne/SQY46yH |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-15 |archive-date=2021-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115052505/https://www.centrepompidou.fr/en/ressources/personne/SQY46yH |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Role !Genre |- |1989 |''[[:en:Angano..._Angano..._nouvelles_de_Madagascar|Angano... Angano... nouvelles de Madagascar]]'' |director, producer, writer |Documentary |- |1992 |''To the warriors of silence'' |producer |Documentary |- |1992 |''Songs and Tears of Nature'' |producer, writer |Documentary |- |2000 |''Saudade Do Futuro'' |producer, writer |Documentary |- |2005 |''Mahaleo'' |producer |Documentary |- |2005 |''Le sifflet'' |producer |Short film |- |2006 |''[[:en:Batuque,_the_Soul_of_a_People|Batuque, l'âme d'un peuple]]'' |director, producer, production manager |Documentary |- |2012 |''L'opéra du bout du monde'' |director, executive producer, writer |Documentary |- |2014 |''The Malagasy Way'' |co-producer |Documentary |- |2016 |''Songs for Madagascar'' |producer |Documentary |- |2016 |''De la Sakay à la Carapa'' |producer |Documentary |- |2018 |''[[Fahavalo, Madagascar 1947]]'' |director, producer, writer |Documentary |} == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] irbfcr2586sbzqdzet52jidgmzscnl8 0 9478 140053 134376 2026-09-24T13:30:34Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140053 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Samama Chikly''' (24 Mutarama 1872 - 28 Ukuboza 1934), yari umukinnyi wa firime akaba n'umufotozi<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0157418/</ref>. Ufatwa nk'imwe mu nkingi za mbere muri Sinema y'isi, Albert yari umufotozi, umukinnyi wa firime, technophile, adventure, umunyonzi w'amagare akaba n'umupayiniya wa Seventh Art.i.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://festival.ilcinemaritrovato.it/en/sezione/albert-samama-chikly-principe-dei-pionieri/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-15 |archive-date=2020-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019075807/https://festival.ilcinemaritrovato.it/en/sezione/albert-samama-chikly-principe-dei-pionieri/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.victorian-cinema.net/samama</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == Yavutse ku ya 24 Mutarama 1872 i Tunisi, muri [[Tunisiya]], avukira mu muryango ukize wa Tunisiya ukomoka mu Bayahudi. Se David Samama, yari umunyamabanki wa Bey washinze ikigo cya banki nyuma gihinduka Banki ya [[Tuniziya]]<ref>https://anttialanenfilmdiary.blogspot.com/2015/06/albert-samama-chikly-prince-of-pioneers.html</ref><ref>https://www.telerama.fr/cinema/films/programme-albert-samama-chikly,-un-pionnier-du-cinema,n5678505.php</ref>. Nyina yari umugore wo mu rugo. Albert yakomereje amasomo ye hamwe na Charles Lavigerie hanyuma akorana n'Abayezuwiti i Marseille. Yari ingenzi yagiye muri Cape Horn, [[Ubushinwa]] na [[Ositaraliya]] kenshi ndetse akiri muto. Yakiriye izina rye 'Chikli' mu buvandimwe bw'abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bo ku kirwa cya Chikly, ikirwa gito ku kiyaga cya [[Tuniziya]] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.filmfestivals.com/person/albert_samama_chikly |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-15 |archive-date=2021-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115172527/https://www.filmfestivals.com/person/albert_samama_chikly |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://frankensaurus.com/Albert_Samama_Chikly |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-15 |archive-date=2021-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115171020/https://frankensaurus.com/Albert_Samama_Chikly |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Yashakanye na Bianca Ferrero, umugore wavukiye mu [[Butaliyani]] ukomoka i Savoy, wari umucuranzi. <ref>Giulia Echites, [http://www.repubblica.it/spettacoli/cinema/2015/07/11/news/chikly-117675443/ "Visionario Chikly, portò il cinema (e la bicicletta) agli africani"] ''la Repubblica'' (11 July 2015).</ref> Abashakanye bari bafite umukobwa umwe Haydée Tamzali. Nyuma yaje kubona ubwenegihugu bw'Ubufaransa maze yinjira mu idini rya Isilamu n'umuryango we.<ref>https://anttialanenfilmdiary.blogspot.com/2015/06/albert-samama-chikly-prince-of-pioneers.html</ref> Albert yapfuye mu 1934 muri Tunisiya afite imyaka 62 ashyingurwa mu irimbi rya Borgel<ref>https://www.allocine.fr/film/fichefilm_gen_cfilm=198512.html</ref>.[[Dosiye:Haydee_Tamzali.jpg|right|thumb| Haydee Tamzali, umukobwa]] == Umurage == Mu 1996, filime ngufi ya biografiya ''Albert Samama Chikli, yafashe amashusho yimashini zisekeje'' yayobowe na Mahmoud Ben Mahmoud mu cyubahiro Albert Samama<ref>http://www.luminous-lint.com/app/photographer/Albert__Samama-Chikli/A/</ref>.<ref>https://www.meisterdrucke.uk/artist/Albert-Samama-Chikli.html</ref> == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Role !Genre |- |1909 |''Brugge en Brussel'' |Director |Documentary |- |1909 |''Antwerpen en Oostende'' |Director |Documentary |- |1922 |''Zohra'' |Director, editor |Short film |- |1924 |''Ain el-Ghezal ou la fille de Carthage'' |Director |Feature film |} == References == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Samama Chikly, Albert}} [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Tunisiya]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi zo muri Tunisiya]] q98pqk4fufq3wqbw5cgl6r4yuds6e3c 0 9523 140008 133630 2026-09-24T13:25:07Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140008 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q97072949}} '''Murumunawabo Cécile''' (Yavutse 1968) ni umugore w'umunyarwandakazi akaba ari umunyapolitiki wo mu [[Rwanda]]. Yatorewe kuba mu mutwe w’abadepite mu [[Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda|Nteko ishinga amategeko y’u Rwanda]] muri 2013. Ni umunyamuryango wa FPR Inkotanyi ariwo, [[Ishyaka FPR-Inkotanyi|Rwanda Patriotic Front]] (FPR), aho ahagarariye [[Kigali|Umujyi wa Kigali]] akaba n'umunyamabanga wa kongere y'[[Umugore|abagore]] ba FPR.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.imbutofoundation.org/who-we-are/our-board/article/honourable-cecile-murumunawabo |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-18 |archive-date=2021-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118093922/http://www.imbutofoundation.org/who-we-are/our-board/article/honourable-cecile-murumunawabo |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubuzima bwo hambere == Murumunawabo yavutse 1968, avukira mu buhungiro, kandi ndetse afite icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu iterammbere n'amajyambere. <ref>https://www.iknowpolitics.org/en/node/60219</ref> Murumunawabo ari mu Banyamuryango bashinze umuryango Imbuto Foundation, kandi akaba ari umwe mu bagize inama jyanama yuwo muryango. Murumunawabo ni umu Krisito wavutse ubwa kabili.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8qFPATdXRI</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/tugomba-kwirinda-tukanarwanya-imvugo-zisesereza-abarokotse-jenoside-depite-murumunawabo</ref><ref>https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abadepite-baguye-mu-kantu-bavumbuye-ko-babeshywe-n-akarere-ka-nyaruguru</ref><ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/bumbogo-muri-guma-mu-rugo-abana-b-abakobwa-23-batewe-inda</ref><ref>https://ar.umuseke.rw/edouard-bamporiki-alias-kideyo-mu-runana-mu-bakandida-ba-rpf-inkotanyi.hmtl</ref> == Umwuga == Murumunawabo ni umwe mu bagize urugaga rwo [[Ishyaka FPR-Inkotanyi|gukunda igihugu cy'u Rwanda]] (FPR) kandi yatorewe kuba Umutwe w'Abadepite mu [[Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda|Nteko ishinga amategeko y'u Rwanda]] mu 2013. Mbere, yakoraga mu biro bya Madamu wa Perezida w'u [[Rwanda]]. Muri 2013, Murumunawabo yagizwe umunyamabanga wa kongere y’abagore ya [[Ishyaka FPR-Inkotanyi|FPR]]. Yongeye gutorerwa kuba umunyamabanga muri 2019 n'amajwi 85.3 ku ijana.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.imbutofoundation.org/who-we-are/our-board/article/honourable-cecile-murumunawabo |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-18 |archive-date=2021-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118093922/http://www.imbutofoundation.org/who-we-are/our-board/article/honourable-cecile-murumunawabo |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyarwandakazi]] njibw70zhqfcrpf79o3m1za63f0ys33 0 9532 140140 116544 2026-09-25T09:11:18Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140140 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Fespaco étalon.jpg|thumb|etalon de yennenga]] '''''Étalon de Yennenga''''' ni igihembo gihabwa abantu b'icyubahiro bagize uruhare muri ecran ya silver ya [[Burkinabe]], gitangwa na Iserukiramuco rya Filime na Televiziyo bya Panafrican ya Ouagadougou (FESPACO), mu rwego rwo gushimira Filime Nziza. Yatangiye bwa mbere mu 1972, ifatwa nkigihembo cyubahwa muri cinema ya [[Afurika|Afrika]]<ref>https://fr.africanews.com/2021/10/25/fespaco-2021-l-etalon-d-or-de-yennenga-pour-un-film-somalien/</ref><ref>https://www.voaafrique.com/a/fespaco-burkina-somalie-cinema-la-femme-du-fossoyeur-remporte-l-etalon-d-or-de-yennenga/6283265.html</ref>. == Amateka == 'Étalon de Yennenga' bisobanura Stallion ya Yennenga bivuga Umuganwakazi Yennenga, umugani washinze ubwami bwa Mossi, ubwoko bukuru muri [[Burukina Faso|Burkinafaso]].<ref>https://www.bbc.com/afrique/59068235</ref> Inkuru ya Yennenga yatangiriye mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 12 mu bwami bwa Dagomba bwa Mossi. Abasirikare b'umwami wa Dagomba, Nedega, bari intwari kandi hafi buri gihe batsindaga imbaraga zose. Umukobwa wa Nedega, Yennenga, wari umugore w'ifarashi, kandi yari umuhanga mu gukoresha amacumu, amacumu n'umuheto.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://abb-burkina.org/2017/03/01/les-trophees-detalon-de-yennenga-histoire-et-symbolisme/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-20 |archive-date=2021-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120231424/https://abb-burkina.org/2017/03/01/les-trophees-detalon-de-yennenga-histoire-et-symbolisme/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Fespaco+2019+-+L%27etalon+de+Yennenga+%3A+des+origines+au+grand+prix+du...-a0673736016</ref> == Igihembo == Irasangiwe na [[Burukina Faso|Burkina Faso]] abakora amafilime azwi cyane, Idrissa Ouedraogo. Ouedraogo yatsindiye igihembo cya Yennenga mu 1991 kubera filime ''Tilai'' <ref>https://ifcinema.institutfrancais.com/fr/movie?id=5f1a07d8-5203-7838-5c30-ec08ac7f4834</ref>. Uwatsindiye iki gihembo ni Voltaïque Kollo Daniel Sanou mu 1983 hamwe na film ye ''Pawéogo'' (The Emigrant).<ref>https://www.voaafrique.com/a/burkina-faso-le-fespaco-%C3%A9pilogue--avec-le-sacre-de-l-etalon-d-or/6282140.html</ref> Muri 2005, FESPACO ya 19, ibihembo bibiri bishya byiswe "Stallion". Igikombe cya Stallion Award cyakozwe numucuzi wa Burkinabe Ali Nikiméa. Igihembo cya Yennenga gisanzwe gihinduka igihembo cyiza cya Yennenga, naho ibihembo bishya byitwa Yennenga Silver Standard na Yennenga Bronze Standard.<ref>https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/somali-drama-wins-pan-african-film-festival-grand-prize-2021-10-23/</ref> == references == [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] c3oa6rnvglzqfmmnkb1qf614bonspee 0 9533 140129 116545 2026-09-25T09:10:01Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140129 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Tamy Contro 2020.jpg|thumb|tamy moyo]] [[Dosiye:Flag of Harare.svg|thumb|tamy yavikiye muri zimbabwe mumujyi wa harare]] '''Thamsanqa 'Tamy' Moyo''' (yavutse 5 Mutarama 1998) numuhanzi wumuziki muri [[Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe.]]<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/202111090473.html</ref> Yamenyekanye cyane mu ndirimbo ''Ndibereke ya'' ''2016 ndetse anagira'' uruhare muri film ya Gonarezhou 2020.<ref>https://www.pindula.co.zw/Tamy_Moyo</ref> == Ubuzima bwo hambere == Yavutse ku ya 5 Mutarama 1998 i [[Harare]], muri [[Zimbabwe]]. Ise Richard Kohola ni umunyamakuru muri Star FM Zimbabwe izwi cyane nka RK. Yarezwe na nyina Doris Moyo na sekuru Makwara<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gambakwe.com/2019/11/21/true-life-story-of-tamy-moyo/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-20 |archive-date=2021-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120232127/https://gambakwe.com/2019/11/21/true-life-story-of-tamy-moyo/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Umwuga == Afite imyaka 7, yatangiye kuririmba cyane cyane muri korari nkuru. Yarangije amashuri abanza mu ishuri ribanza rya Lusitania nyuma yiga Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Westridge mu mashuri yisumbuye. Afite imyaka 13 igihe yari muri Form One, yifatanije nabahanzi bazwi cyane Joe Thomas, Oliver Mtukudzi, Stunner, Ba Shupi, na Alexio Kawara. Nyuma yaje kuba Ambasaderi w’umwana muri Childline [[Zimbabwe]], aba umuhererezi wa [[Zimbabwe]] wabaye ambasaderi. Mu mwaka wa 2008, Tamy yashinze Korali Nyafurika yo muri [[Uganda]], afatanije n'abandi bakozi batatu mu gitaramo cyo gufasha mu busitani bwa Madison Square i New York.<ref>https://www.herald.co.zw/the-evolution-of-tamy-moyo/</ref><ref>https://www.thestandard.co.zw/2021/08/29/a-2022-grammy-award-for-tamy-moyo/</ref> Muri 2017, Tamy yatumiriwe gukina muri film ''Gonarezhou'' hamwe na producer wa firime, Sydney Taivavashe. Filime yakozwe ku bufatanye na Parike ya Zimbabwe hamwe n’ikigo gishinzwe imicungire y’ibinyabuzima. Muri filime Tamy yakinnye nka 'Chipo' nka sinema ye ya mbere. Muri uwo mwaka, yatowe bwa mbere muri National Arts Merit Awards (NAMA awards) kubera kuba indashyikirwa mu nshingano ze<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/202002250007.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nyegenyege.com/artists/tamy-moyo/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-20 |archive-date=2021-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120233623/https://www.nyegenyege.com/artists/tamy-moyo/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Muri 2019, Tamy yatorewe kuba umuhanzi mwiza w’umugore ukomoka muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika yepfo]] mu birori bya All Africa Music Award (AFRIMA) byabereye muri [[Gana]]<ref>https://youthvillage.co.zw/2019/08/jah-prayzah-tamy-moyo-ammara-brown-and-winky-d-all-nominated-for-afrima-awards/</ref>. == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Umwaka ! Filime ! Uruhare ! Ubwoko ! Ref. |- | 2020 | ''Gonarezhou'' | Chipo | Filime | |} == references == [[Ikiciro:Firime]] [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] 544azddvq5gcdb29fgirm9yans2r2k3 0 9543 140115 131410 2026-09-25T09:08:22Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140115 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Étienne Goyémidé''' (22 Mutarama 1942-17 Werurwe 1997), yari [[Repubulika ya Santara Afurika|umunyaCentral African]] w'umwanditsi w'ibikino na filimi.<ref name=":0">https://www.babelio.com/auteur/tienne-Goyemide/170279</ref> Azwiho kuba umwanditsi ''wibitabo byamamaye cyane'' ''Le silence de la forêt'' and ''Dernier Survivant de la caravane''<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ecritures.univ-lorraine.fr/theses/theses-en-cours/la-litterature-centrafricaine-au-prisme-de-loeuvre-detienne-goyemide |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-21 |archive-date=2021-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121053923/https://ecritures.univ-lorraine.fr/theses/theses-en-cours/la-litterature-centrafricaine-au-prisme-de-loeuvre-detienne-goyemide |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == [[Dosiye:Central African Republic - Location Map (2013) - CAF - UNOCHA.svg|thumb|etienne yavukiye muri repubulika ya centre afrique]] Yavutse ku ya 22 Mutarama 1942 i Ippy, [[Repubulika ya Santara Afurika|muri Repubulika ya Centrafrique]] mu muryango w'abahinzi. Kuva mu 1991 kugeza 1992, yari Minisitiri w’uburezi n’ubushakashatsi. Mu 1993, yahawe inkunga n'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibitabo mu [[Bufaransa]]<ref>https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=303666161</ref>. Nyuma yaje kugirwa Minisitiri w’uburezi hanyuma aba Ambasaderi w’icyubahiro wa UNESCO. Yabaye kandi muri Troupe des Griots mbere yo kuyobora Troupe yigihugu ya [[Afurika|Afrika]] yo hagati.<ref>http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n86075266</ref> Goyémidé yapfuye ku ya 17 Werurwe 1997 afite imyaka 55<ref name=":0" />.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.centrafriqueledefi.com/pages/biographies-histoire/centrafrique-le-silence-de-la-foret-etienne-goyemide.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-21 |archive-date=2020-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024090545/https://www.centrafriqueledefi.com/pages/biographies-histoire/centrafrique-le-silence-de-la-foret-etienne-goyemide.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Umwuga == Goyémidé yabonye impamyabumenyi mu bumenyi bw'uburezi kimwe na dipolome y'Icyongereza. Nyuma yaje kuba umwarimu ayoboye ishuri risanzwe ryabarimu i [[Bangui]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mmobaye.com/260/fondation-etienne-goyemide-lance-un-appel-aux-dons-de-livres |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-21 |archive-date=2021-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121053916/http://www.mmobaye.com/260/fondation-etienne-goyemide-lance-un-appel-aux-dons-de-livres |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nyuma yaje gukora mu ishami ry’uburezi kandi yari umuyobozi w’icapiro. Yabaye kandi umuyobozi wa Troupe yigihugu bya [[Afurika|Afrika]] yo hagati.<ref>http://afribd.africultures.com/personne.php?no=3527</ref> Mu 1984, yanditse [[igitabo]] cye kizwi cyane cyitwa ''Le quiet de la forêt (Guceceka kw'ishyamba)''. Iyi nkuru yibanze ku nkuru y’umukozi wa leta wo muri [[Afurika]] yo hagati uta ibintu byose ngo ajye gutembera mumashyamba ahura na pyinga pygmies. Igitabo cyaje guhuzwa na sinema mu 2003 na Didier Florent Ouénangaré na Bassek Ba Kobhio<ref>https://www.lesfrancophonies.fr/GOYEMIDE-Etienne</ref> . Iyi filime yakiriwe neza kandi yari no mu gutoranya abayobozi ba Fortnight mu bayobozi ba Cannes 2003. Mu 2003, yakiriwe mu buryo budasanzwe mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya Filime 2003 ryitwa Francophone de Namur (FIFF).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wikit.wiki/blog/en/Le_silence_de_la_for%C3%AAt |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-21 |archive-date=2021-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121053916/https://www.wikit.wiki/blog/en/Le_silence_de_la_for%C3%AAt |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hanyuma mu 1985 yanditse igitabo cyitwa ''Dernier Survivant de la caravane (Umucikacumu wa nyuma wa Caravan)''. Yibanze ku bucakara bw’Abanyafrika birabura bwakozwe n’abayisilamu bo muri Afurika y'Amajyaruguru aho Ngalandji avuga ikinamico y'umudugudu we mu gihugu cya Banda. Yatsinze amarushanwa ya RFI kubwinkuru ngufi nziza mururimi rwigifaransa inshuro nyinshi.<ref>https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20190612-editions-oubangui-litterature-centrafrique-rca</ref> === Igikorwa c'ikinamico === * ''La petite leçon'', 1976 * ''Le Monsieur de Paris'', 1978 * ''Au pied du Kapokier'', 1978 * ''Mes yubaha Monsieur le Directeur'', 1978 * ''Le vertige'', 1981 * ''Les mangeurs de poulets crevés'', 1983 * ''Responsabilité hamwe'', 1988 * ''Demain ... la liberté'' == references == [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] 3oct0vykglju0cmmrnk96dqmxd3b5uq 0 9619 140167 119040 2026-09-25T09:44:05Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140167 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Donatila_Mukabalisa,_December_2017_(5122)_(cropped2).jpg|thumb]] '''Donatille Mukabalisa''' (yavutse ku ya 30 Nyakanga 1960 i [[Nyamata]] ) ni umunyamategeko n'umunyapolitiki wo mu [[Rwanda]], cyane cyane Perezida w'Umutwe w'Abadepite. Yatorewe kuba Perezida w’inteko ishinga amategeko y’u [[Rwanda]] mu 2013 nyuma y’amatora y’igihugu. <ref name=":0">https://www.huffingtonpost.com/author/donatille-mukabalisa</ref> == Ubuzima bwa Biografiya == Donatille Mukabalisa yavutse ku ya 30 Nyakanga 1960 i [[Nyamata]]. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.rw/index.php?id=125&width=650&detailId=384 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-23 |archive-date=2019-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221111943/http://www.parliament.gov.rw/index.php?id=125&width=650&detailId=384 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yigisha amategeko muri kaminuza yigenga ya Kigali. <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=9E6xCgAAQBAJ&q=Donatille+Mukabalisa&pg=PA155</ref> Yakoze mu ishyirahamwe ry’ubuzima ku isi arangije amasomo ye ndetse n’imyaka 16 muri gahunda y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe iterambere<ref>https://www.womenpoliticalleaders.org/speaker-2021/donatille-mukabalisa/</ref>. == references == [[Ikiciro:Abanyarwandakazi babanyapolitiki]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Abanyepolitiki (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Abagore]] 71343ypvkm4tt1z1ugeoxmxpqbazrv5 0 9650 140029 134925 2026-09-24T13:27:43Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140029 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ciudad del Cabo desde Cabeza de León, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-22, DD 34.jpg|thumb|aubrey yavukiye muri afurika yepfo ]] '''Aubrey Poolo''' (yavutse 30 Ugushyingo 1976), ni umukinnyi wa filimi muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika yepfo]]. <ref>https://mubi.com/cast/mduduzi-mabaso</ref> Azwi cyane kubera uruhare muri firime ''[[:en:Five_Fingers_for_Marseilles|Five Fingers for Marseilles]]'', ''[[:en:Life_Above_All|Life Above All]]'' and ''Madiba''.. <ref>https://www.fernsehserien.de/aubrey-poolo/filmografie</ref> <ref>http://www.filmstarts.de/kritiken/258443/castcrew.html</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == Yavutse ku ya 30 Ugushyingo 1976 i Attredgeville, umujyi wa Pretoria, [[Afurika y'Epfo]] mu muryango w'abanyapolitiki. Yarezwe na nyirakuru abifashijwemo n'abasaza ba Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC). <ref>https://www.monatelly.com/aubrey-poolo-on-his-upbringing-and-five-fingers-for-marseilles-role/</ref> == Umwuga == Akiri muto cyane, yinjiye muri gahunda ya tereviziyo ''Legae la bana''. Muri 2010, yakinnye bwa mbere muri firime ''[[:en:Life,_Above_All|Life, Above All]]''. Filime yerekanwe mu gice cya Un Certain Regard mu iserukiramuco rya sinema rya Cannes 2010 . <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20191207132046/http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/11023168/year/2010.html</ref> Yatoranijwe kandi nk'iyinjira muri Afurika y'Epfo muri Filime nziza y'ururimi rw'amahanga mu bihembo bya 83 <ref>http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2010/20101013a.html</ref> hanyuma ikora urutonde rwa nyuma rwatangajwe muri Mutarama 2011. <ref name="Oscar Shortlist">http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2011/20110119.html</ref> Intsinzi ya firime, yatoranijwe muri televiziyo yo muri Amerika yo muri 2017 ya ''Madiba'' kugira ngo agire uruhare ruto. Muri 2017, yakinnye cyane 'Unathi' muri firime yo muri Afrika yepfo yuburengerazuba bwa firime yitwa ''Fingers for Marseilles'' iyobowe na Michael Matthews. Nyuma yaje kwerekanwa mu gice cya Discovery mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya firime rya Toronto 2017 kandi ryishimiwe cyane. <ref>http://www.thewrap.com/toronto-film-festival-adds-international-films-angelina-jolie-javier-bardem/</ref> == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Umwaka ! Filime ! Uruhare ! Ubwoko ! Ref. |- | 2010 | ''Ubuzima, Hejuru ya Byose'' | Yona | Filime | |- | 2017 | ''Madiba'' | Inkorora | TV Mini-Urukurikirane | |- | 2017 | ''Intoki eshanu kuri Marseille'' | Unathi | Filime | |} == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] ebs15xp92umefxvwzrlir1i3nn3lleg 0 9654 140041 135032 2026-09-24T13:29:07Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140041 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ciudad del Cabo desde Cabeza de León, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-22, DD 34.jpg|thumb|hamiliton yavukiye muri south afurika]] '''Hamilton Dhlamini''' (wavutse ku ya 15 Ukuboza 1969), rimwe na rimwe nka '''Hamilton Dlamini''', ni umukinnyi wa filimi [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]], umwanditsi w'amakinamico ndetse n'umukinnyi wa filime. Azwi cyane kubera uruhare muri firime na ''teleserial Isithembiso'', ''[[:en:Faith_like_Potatoes|Faith like Potatoes]] The King's Messenger''. <ref>https://www.news24.com/drum/Celebs/i-go-to-shebeens-and-places-that-are-considered-dangerous-to-build-my-characters-hamilton-dlamini-on-his-badboy-characters-20180622</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == Yavutse ku ya 15 Ukuboza 1969 mu mudugudu wo mu cyaro i Sebokeng, muri [[Afurika y'Epfo]] mu muryango ufite ubukungu bubi. <ref name="dlamini">https://briefly.co.za/39553-hamilton-dlamini-biography-age-wife-family-voice-hometown-tv-shows-movies-awards-instagram.html</ref> Yashakanye ninzobere mu mirire, Martha, aho bafitanye abana batatu. Yabanje guhura na Marita muri lift. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20211029151701/https://zalebs.com/relationships/hamilton-dlamini/isithembisos-hamilton-dlamini-shares-how-he-met-his-wife</ref> == Umwuga == Yatangiye umwuga wo gukina mu ntangiriro za 1984 abinyujije mu ikinamico. Yakinnye kandi nk'umucuruzi muri Koreya muri SABC 1 sitcom ''Mzee Wa Two Six''. Mu ntangiriro za 2008, yagize uruhare runini mu biganiro bigufi kuri SABC1, byahujwe ''n’ikinamico ya King'' Shakespeare ya William Shakespeare. <ref name="tvsa">{{Cite web |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=4045 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2021-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206080328/https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=4045 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nanone, yakinnye cyane kuri SABC 2 sitcom ''Stokvel'' hamwe n <nowiki>'' Mojo Khumalo '</nowiki>. Muri 2008, yakinnye muri serie ''Ten Bush'' iyobowe na Mncedisi Shabangu. Ku ruhare rwe, nyuma yaje gutsindira igihembo cya Naledi Theatre igihembo cyumukinnyi witwaye neza. Hanyuma muri 2009, yakoranye na William Kentridge hamwe na Handspring Puppet Company kuri ''Woyzeck muri Highveld''. <ref name="dlami">https://www.theheadandtheload.com/hd-bio</ref> Muri 2006, yakinnye muri firime ya Regardt van den Bergh ''Kwizera nk'ibirayi''. Kuri iyi nshuro, yatsindiye ibihembo bya Filime na Televiziyo byo muri Afurika yepfo (Safta) kubera umukinnyi ushyigikiye neza uruhare rwe. <ref name="dlami"/> Muri 2007, yatsindiye igihembo cya Zahabu kubera Umukinnyi witwaye neza muri Filime. Muri 2018, yakinnye 'Banzi Motaung' muri televiziyo izwi cyane ''Isithembiso''. Muri uwo mwaka, yongeye gutsindira igihembo cya Golden Horn igihembo cyumukinnyi mwiza muri opera yisabune ya TV 'Isithembiso'. <ref name="tvsa"/> Yashinze kandi uruganda rwe rukora ibicuruzwa, 'Ndlondlo Productions'. <ref name="dlami"/> == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Role !Genre |- |1990 |''The King's Messenger'' |Poacher |Film |- |2001 |''Scoop Schoombie'' |Sparks |TV Series |- |2004 |''Gums & Noses'' |Street Dealer |Film |- |2006 |''[[:en:Faith_like_Potatoes|Faith like Potatoes]]'' |Simeon Bhengu |Film |- |2009 |''Izingane Zobaba'' |Lucky |TV Series |- |2010 |''Jozi'' |Traffic cop |Film |- |2011 |''[[:en:Otelo_Burning|Otelo Burning]]'' |Skhumbuzo |Film |- |2013 |''Nothing for Mahala'' |Foreman |Film |- |2016 |''Fluiters'' |Bantu Ntenga |TV Series |- |2016 |''Umlilo'' |Mnqobi Simelane |Film |- |2017 |''Lokoza'' |Director |Short film |- |2017 |''Five Fingers for Marseilles'' |Sepoko |Film |- |2018 |''Isithembiso'' |Banzi Motaung |TV Series |- |2021 |''Isibaya'' |Andile Sibiya |- |2021 |''DiepCity'' |Bonga |TV Series |- |2021 |[[:en:Reyka_(TV_Series)|''Reyka'']] |Hector Zwane |TV Series |} == Urundi ruhare rwa Televiziyo == * ''Baza!, Igihe cya 1 nkumugabo utagira aho uba'' * ''Boo & TT, Igihe cya 1'' nka TT * ''Umujyi Ses'la, Igihe cya 1'' nka Uncle Mto eKasi * ''Amateka Yacu, Igihe cya 5'' nka Mbangiseni * ''Amazi, Igihe cya 1'' nka Bantu Ntenga * ''Murugo, Igihe cya 2'' nka Se wa Katleho * ''Murugo, Igihe cya 3 & 4'' nka Senzo Mbatha * ''Izingane zoBaba, Igihe cya 1 nkamahirwe'' * ''Mugenzi wawe (2014), Igihe cya 1'' nka Pat * ''Mzansi, Igihe cya 1 & 2'' nka Prosper * ''Mzee wa Babiri Batandatu, Igihe cya 1'' nka Koreya * ''Abera n'Abanyabyaha, Igihe cya 2'' nka Andries * ''Kurasa Inyenyeri, Igihe cya 2'' nka Themba Zwane * ''Ubugingo Buddyz, Igihe cya 1'' nkumwarimu wa Melusi * ''Stokvel, Igihe cya 6'' nka Mojo Khumalo * ''Umuyobozi, Igihe cya 1'' nka Mapula * ''Matlala Umlilo, Igihe cya 1, 2, 3 & 4'' nka Mnqobi Simelane * ''Ubworoherane bwa Zeru, Igihe cya 1'' nkibumoso * ''Ubworoherane bwa Zeru, Igihe cya 3'' nka Perezida Tubman == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] i7v8ya4drk2eaotr2z9t7zisxnd57gq 0 9707 139990 113571 2026-09-24T13:22:58Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139990 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Hefzy''' (yavutse ku ya 13 Werurwe 1975), ni umukinnyi wa firime wo mu Misiri akaba Umwanditsi. <ref name="screendaily">https://www.screendaily.com/features/the-centrepiece-interview-cairo-chief-mohamed-hefzy-talks-indie-cinema-upcoming-projects/5144584.article</ref> <ref>https://www.enigma-mag.com/mohamed-hefzy/</ref> Umwe mu batunganya amafilime akomeye mu burasirazuba bwo hagati no muri Afurika, Screen International yamwise umwarabu wenyine mu bayobozi 30 bazaza mu gutunganya amafilime mu 2013. Muri 2016, Hefzy yatoranijwe na Variety hejuru yurutonde rw "Amazina icumi ugomba kumenya mu nganda zamafirime y’abarabu" maze amushyira muri Variety 500. <ref>https://variety.com/exec/mohamed-hefzy/</ref> [[Dosiye:Mohamed_Hefzy.jpg|thumb|Mohamed Hefzy|328x328px]] == Ubuzima bwite == Yavutse ku ya 13 Werurwe 1975 i Cairo mu Misiri. Mbere yo kwinjira muri sinema, yize ibijyanye na metallurgical engineering i Londres. <ref name="cineuropa">{{Template:Cite web}}</ref> == Umwuga == Niwe washinze isosiyete ikora 'Film Clinic' iherereye mu Misiri yashinzwe mu 2005. Binyuze muri iyo sosiyete, yatanze amahugurwa na gahunda zamahugurwa kubantu ba firime yabarabu nabanyafurika bakorana nimiryango mpuzamahanga nibigo. Mu mwaka wa 2010, yabaye umwe mu bagize inteko y'abacamanza mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya sinema rya Cairo. Hanyuma mu 2011, yabaye inteko y'abacamanza mu Iserukiramuco rya Filime Abu Dhabi hanyuma aba umunyamuryango mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya sinema rya Venice muri 2018. Kuva mu 2015 kugeza 2017, Hefzy yabaye umuyobozi w'Iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya sinema rya Ismailia rya Documentaire na Short, ndetse no mu nama ngishwanama ya Festival mpuzamahanga ya Cairo. Kuva mu 2013, yabaye umwe mu bagize inama y'ubutegetsi ya Sinema yo mu Misiri. <ref name="screendaily" /> Muri 2016, yakoze firime ''Clash''. Nyuma iyi firime yatoranijwe nka firime itangiza igice cya ' Un Certain Regard ' igice cya Cannes International Festival Festival. Muri 2018, yakoranye na producer ''Yomeddine''. <ref name="madcelebrity">{{Cite web |url=http://madcelebrity.com/mohamed-hefzy.php |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-26 |archive-date=2021-11-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126190837/http://madcelebrity.com/mohamed-hefzy.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> Filime kandi yahisemo kwerekanwa i Cannes mumarushanwa yemewe. Muri 2020, yakoze firime ya ''Luxor'' yitabiriye amarushanwa ya Dramatic World Festival muri Sundance Film Festival. Hagati aho, abo bakoranye, ''Souad, batoranijwe ku'' mugaragaro ku nshuro ya mbere yerekana iserukiramuco rya sinema rya Cannes, ryabaye ku nshuro ya gatatu muri Cannes. Muri Werurwe 2018, yabaye perezida muto mu mateka y'iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya sinema rya Cairo, igihe Hefzy yahawe na minisitiri w’umuco. Muri uwo mwaka, yatsindiye Centre ya Arabiya Cinema Centre y’Abarabu Yatanzwe n’Umunyamakuru wa Hollywood kubera uruhare yagize muri sinema yisi. Nyuma muri kamena 2019, yatumiwe nkumunyamuryango wa Academy ya Motions Pictures Arts Arts na Science mu ishami rya "Producer". <ref name="madcelebrity" /> {| class="wikitable" !Umwaka ! Filime ! Uruhare ! Ubwoko |- | 2014 | ''Kuva kuri A kugeza B.'' | Producer | Filime |- | 2020 | ''Amazing'' | Producer | Filime |- | 2020 | ''Umwaka mushya'' | Producer | Filime |- | 2020 | ''Amaraso'' | Producer | Filime |- | 2020 | ''Paranormal'' | Producer | Urukurikirane rwa TV |- | 2020 | ''Souad'' | Producer | Filime |} == references == [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] q3siet05ro3hccggg6roamyj0hh9068 0 9749 140192 135062 2026-09-25T11:54:12Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140192 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ciudad del Cabo desde Cabeza de León, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-22, DD 34 (cropped).jpg|thumb|igihugu yavukiyemo]] '''Hykie Berg''' (yavutse 2 Gicurasi 1978), ni umukinnyi wa [[Afurika y’Epfo|filimi Afrika yepfo]]. Azwi cyane ku ruhare rwa 'Darius du Buisson' muri televiziyo ya ''Egoli: Place of Gold'' n'uruhare 'Conrad Bester' mu ikinmico, ''Binnelanders''. Muri 2011, yatsindiye igihembwe cya kane cyamarushanwa yukuri ''Survivor South Africa''. == Ubuzima bwite == Yavutse ku ya 2 Gicurasi 1978 i Pretoria, muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]]. Yize kugeza mu cyiciro cya 8 mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya Die Wilgers aho yatangiye gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge. Hanyuma yize mu 1998. Afite imyaka 19, yabaye umusinzi. Nyuma yaje gukira ibiyobyabwenge mu bitaro by’indwara zo mu mutwe bya Weskoppies, Cape Town. Kuva mu 1997 na 1999, yarangije Impamyabumenyi y’ubucuruzi mu kwamamaza - Umwaka wa kabiri, Kwamamaza / Kwamamaza ibicuruzwa muri kaminuza ya Pretoriya. Hanyuma yarangije impamyabumenyi ya Bachelor muri Dramatic Arts mu buhanzi, imyidagaduro, no gucunga itangazamakuru muri kaminuza ya Stellenbosch hagati ya 1999 na 2002. Yashyingiranywe mbere na Melissa Jacobs mu 2013 ariko batandukana muri 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.jacarandafm.com/news/entertainment/binnelanders-star-hykie-berg-confirms-split-we-got-divorced-few-months-ago/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122215443/https://www.jacarandafm.com/news/entertainment/binnelanders-star-hykie-berg-confirms-split-we-got-divorced-few-months-ago/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hanyuma, yasabye inshuti ye yumukobwa Gerridene ku ya 23 kamena 2019 aho amaherezo bashyingiranywe muri Werurwe 2020. <ref>https://www.news24.com/channel/the-juice/news/pics-actor-hykie-berg-ties-the-knot-20200323</ref> == Umwuga == Yatangiye kuri tereviziyo mu rukurikirane rw'urubyiruko ruzwi cyane ''muri Res'' mu 2003. Hanyuma muri 2004, yagize uruhare runini muri serial ''Plek van Meats''. Muri 2007, yakinnye bwa mbere muri firime muri ''Ouma se Slim Kind''. Mu 2004, yinjiye mu bakinnyi ba shampiyona 13 ya ''seri ya tereviziyo Egoli: Place of Gold'' kandi yakinnye nka 'Darius du Buisson' aho yatsindiye igihembo cya Crystal. Yakinnye ibihe bitatu kugeza muri saison 15 muri 2007. Muri 2018, yabaye umwanditsi aho yasohoye igitabo ''Hykie Berg: Ultimate Survivor''. Igitabo kivuga ku buzima bwe bw’ibiyobyabwenge ndetse n’urupfu hafi y’umwuga we wo gukina, aho amaherezo abasha kwisubiraho no kugera ku ntsinzi nyuma. <ref>https://www.nb.co.za/en/view-book/?id=9780796321114</ref> == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Umwaka !Film ! Uruhare ! Ubwoko |- | 2004 |''Plek van die Vleisvreters'' | Rudolph du Toit | Urukurikirane rwa TV |- | 2007 |''Ouma se Slim Kind'' | Steyn Struwig | Filime |- | 2007 |''One Way'' | Frank | Urukurikirane rwa TV |- | 2012 |''Lien se Lankstaanskoene'' | Dominee Gerhard | Filime |- | 2012 |''Pretville'' | Tommie | Filime |- | 2013 |''Klein Karoo'' | Meyer Labuschagne | Filime |- | 2015 |''Mooirivier'' | Stefan Malan | Filime |- | 2015 |''Forsaken'' | Neill | Filime |- | 2015 |''Dis ek, Anna'' | Marnus Kubona | Filime |- | 2015 |''Verskietende Ster'' | Tomas Schuman | Filime |- | 2015 |''Bloedbroers'' | Bennie Naudé | Urukurikirane rwa TV |- | 2009-16 |''Binnelanders'' | Conrad Bester | Urukurikirane rwa TV |- | 2016 |''Die Geur van Appelkose'' | Anton | Filime ya TV |- | 2018 |''Die Ongenooides'' | Dirk | Filime ngufi |} == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] 4693yvwrgf1xqug33qu8q11kpco7jkt 0 9750 140054 116158 2026-09-24T13:37:12Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140054 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ciudad del Cabo desde Cabeza de León, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-22, DD 34.jpg|thumb|Igihugu abamo akaba ari naho yakuriye]] '''Zeke Elakhe Lungelo Mngqolo''' (yavutse ku ya 9 Nzeri 1982), uzwi cyane nka '''Thami Mngqolo''', ni umukinnyi wa filime akaba n'umuyobozi wa filimi muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]]. Azwi cyane kubera uruhare rwe muri seri izwi cyane g''enerations'', ''State Enemy No.1'' and ''Greed and Desire''. <ref>https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sundayworld/news/2018-05-13-thami-mngqolo-jo-anne-reyneke-go-their-separate-ways/</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == Yavutse ku ya 9 Nzeri 1982 i Johannesburg,, muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]] nk'umwana wa kabiri w'umuryango. Afite mukuru we Uvolethwu Mngqolo, witabye Imana mu 2016. <ref name="briefly">https://briefly.co.za/66247-thami-mngqolo-bio-age-children-wedding-divorce-big-brother-generations-profile.html</ref> Yagiranye igihe kirekire na mugenzi we bakinana Jo-anne Reyneke. Bashakanye mu 2008 babyarana abana babiri Uvolwethu (wavutse muri 2013) na Lungelo (wavutse 2015). <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://iharare.com/generations-senzo-dlomo-pearl-from-muvhango/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128095717/https://iharare.com/generations-senzo-dlomo-pearl-from-muvhango/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Muri 2018, Mngqolo yirukanwe mu rugo rwabo na Reyneke nyuma yuko bivugwa ko yabonye videwo ibangamira kuri mobile ye. Nyuma yaje gutabarwa n'inshuti ye, Matli Mohapeloa. <ref name="sowetanlive">https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sundayworld/news/2018-05-13-thami-mngqolo-jo-anne-reyneke-go-their-separate-ways/</ref> Batandukanye mu 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://zalebs.com/drama/jo-anne-reyneke/jo-anne-reyneke-talks-about-her-breakup-thami-mngqolo |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128095717/https://zalebs.com/drama/jo-anne-reyneke/jo-anne-reyneke-talks-about-her-breakup-thami-mngqolo |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Umwuga == Mu 2003, yagaragaye muri seri ya televiziyo yitwa ''Generations'' akina ari ' Senzo Dlomo ', umugabo wigitsina gabo. Muri 2016, yahagaritse gukina seri, mugihe abakinyi bayo bose birukanwe kubera ko basabye umushahara munini. Yagaragaye kandi mu bakinnyi ba ''State Enemy No.1''. <ref name="briefly" /> Yakinnye kandi nka 'resepteptiste' muri ikinamico ya ''Muvhango''. Ugushyingo 2020, yinjiye mu bakinnyi ba telenovela ''Isono''. Muri seri akina nka 'Maradona'. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://iharare.com/generations-senzo-dlomo-returns-to-the-screen-as-a-gangster-as-on-isono/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128101220/https://iharare.com/generations-senzo-dlomo-returns-to-the-screen-as-a-gangster-as-on-isono/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Umwaka ! Filime ! Uruhare ! Ubwoko |- | 1993 – 2016 | generations | Senzo Dlomo | Urukurikirane rwa TV |- | 2016 | ''Greed and Desire.'' | Kenny Msomi | Urukurikirane rwa TV |- | 2020 | ''State Enemy No.1'' | Thulani | Filime |} == References == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] lhvc4s4lcvw3t2xti2gk568z6z1a90o 0 9761 140042 119486 2026-09-24T13:29:14Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140042 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Malaika Arora launches the Taiwan Excellence campaign 06.jpg|thumb|malaika]] '''Malaika Tenshi Nnyanzi''' uzwi cyane mwizina rye nka '''Malaika''' numukinnyi wa filimi muri [[Uganda]], umunyamakuru n'umunyamideli. Azwi cyane kubikorwa bya radio kuri D'Mighty Breakfast show kuri KFM na Malaika na Oulanya kuri Capital Fm ndetse nakazi yakoraga kuri Veronica's Wish, Bed of Thorns, The Honourables and Mela. <ref>https://lifestyleuganda.com/malaika-tenshis-best-instagram-looks-before-veronicas-wish-movie-premiere/</ref> <ref>https://satisfashionug.com/malaika-nnyanzi-on-her-beauty-rules-and-why-her-mum-is-her-beauty-icon/</ref> == Umwuga == === Kwerekana imiterere === Malaika yatangiye umwuga wo kwerekana imideli i Nairobi muri [[Kenya]]. Yayoboye kandi isosiyete icunga icyitegererezo hamwe numugabo kandi yerekanaga ibikorwa byabo mubirori byinshi birimo icyumweru cyimyambarire ya Swahili. Yavuye i Nairobi yimukira muri Uganda aho yakomereje umwuga we wo kwerekana imideli hamwe n'ibikorwa by'imyidagaduro. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://bigeye.ug/malaika-nyanzi-to-sponsor-fan-for-makeup-master-class/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104222649/https://bigeye.ug/malaika-nyanzi-to-sponsor-fan-for-makeup-master-class/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ni ambasaderi wikirango Nice Vine. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://enewsuganda.com/truth-reason-malaika-nyanzi-abandoned-urban-tv/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2020-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029131735/https://enewsuganda.com/truth-reason-malaika-nyanzi-abandoned-urban-tv/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>https://mbu.ug/2020/04/23/malaika-tenshi-nnyanzi-a-fashion-bomb-during-this-pandemic/</ref> <ref>https://doberre.com/malaika-nnyanzis-different-looks-at-uganda-entertainment-awards-2017/</ref> <ref>https://campusbee.ug/fashion/campo-fashion/style-mania-meet-fashion-foward-malaika-nnyanzi/</ref> === Radiyo na televiziyo === Agarutse muri [[Uganda]] avuye muri [[Kenya]], Malaika yinjiye muri Televiziyo ya Urban Group ya Vision Group nk'umufatanyabikorwa hamwe na Gaetano Kagwa mu kiganiro cya mu gitondo cyitwa Urban Today. Nyuma yaje kuva muri Urban Today yakira Fashionista mbere yuko ava muri Televiziyo ya Urban mu Gushyingo 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://chano8.com/reason-malaika-nnyanzi-resigned-urban-tv/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106214412/https://chano8.com/reason-malaika-nnyanzi-resigned-urban-tv/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1441516/malaika-thanks-urban-tv</ref> Yinjiye kandi mu muyoboro w’imyidagaduro wo muri Afurika yepfo Rockstar Group nk'isura nshya ya televiziyo yitwa SHOOOOSH! <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle/57100-malaika-nnyanzi-to-be-face-of-shoooosh.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2020-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029091219/https://observer.ug/lifestyle/57100-malaika-nnyanzi-to-be-face-of-shoooosh.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://digitaldrimzafrica.com/2017/05/02/ugandas-malaika-nnyanzi-lands-herself-a-job-on-rockstar-4000-shines-at-the-namibia-annual-music-awards-2017/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107020801/https://digitaldrimzafrica.com/2017/05/02/ugandas-malaika-nnyanzi-lands-herself-a-job-on-rockstar-4000-shines-at-the-namibia-annual-music-awards-2017/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Malaika yatangiye umwuga we wo gukora kuri radio muri KFM i Kampala muri Mata 2017. Yafatanije nabandi mu ikiganiro cya mugitondo, D'Mighty Breakfast show hamwe na Brian Mulondo. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thetowerpost.com/tag/malaika-nnyanzi-brian-mulondo-join-kfm/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104224431/https://thetowerpost.com/tag/malaika-nnyanzi-brian-mulondo-join-kfm/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>https://www.sqoop.co.ug/201704/four-one-one/malaika-nnyanzi-brian-mulondo-take-over-kfm-morning-show.html</ref> Muri 2019, yavuye muri KFM yinjira muri Capital Fm atangira kwakira ''Malaika na Oulanya'' hamwe na Oulanya Columbus asimbuye Gaetano na Lucky mumwanya wabo wa Overdrive. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://chano8.com/kfms-malaika-nnyanzi-set-to-join-capital-fm/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2021-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104222644/https://chano8.com/kfms-malaika-nnyanzi-set-to-join-capital-fm/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>https://mbu.ug/2019/05/05/malaika-kicks-off-her-stint-at-new-home-with-the-legendary-oulanya/</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://capitalradio.co.ug/presenter/malaika-nyanzi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2020-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029084806/https://capitalradio.co.ug/presenter/malaika-nyanzi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Gukina === Malaika yerekanye umwuga we wo gukina filime ya Nisha Kalema yo muri 2018 yerekana ikinamico ya Veronica's Wish akina nka Bankia. Yakiriye abahatanira ibihembo bibiri mu ruhare mu cyiciro cyiza cyo gushyigikira umukinnyi wa filime muri 2018 Uganda Film Festival Awards na ZAFAA Global Awards muri 2019. Nyuma yaje gukinishwa nka Stella muri 2019 Eleanor Nabwiso yayoboye film. Kuri uru ruhare, Malaika yatowe kandi yegukana igihembo cyumukinnyi witwaye neza muri 2019 Uganda Film Festival Awards. <ref>https://chimpreports.com/malaika-nnyanzi-excited-by-first-nomination-as-actress/</ref> Yakinnye kandi nk'umukinnyi wa Mela Katende mu rukurikirane rw'amakinamico rwa Nana Kagga rwa Mela maze yinjira muri Honourables mu 2019 nk'umunyamuryango ukomeye. == Ubuzima bwite == Malaika yavukiye Malaika Nnyanzi ku babyeyi bava [[Uganda]] i Nairobi muri [[Kenya]], aho se wahoze ari ingabo za [[Uganda]] yari yarajyanywe mu bunyage. Umuryango we wasubiye muri [[Uganda]] utura i Kampala. Yagiye ku ishuri ry’incuke rya Safari, Ishuri ry’ababyeyi rya Kampala, Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Gayaza na Makerere College mbere yo gusubira muri [[Kenya]] aho yarangirije impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga muri kaminuza nkuru y’Amerika yo muri [[Amerika]]. <ref>https://www.independent.co.ug/malaika-nnyanzi-lessons-mother/#:~:text=Kampala%2C%20Uganda%20%7C%20AGNES%20NANTABA%20%7C,with%20Brian%20Mulondo%20on%20KFM.</ref> Muri 2018, ubwo yaganiraga na Crystal Newman kuri show ye ''Crystal 1 Ku ya 1'', Malaika yaje gusohoka ameze nk'uwahohotewe na mugenzi we bakorana kubera igicuri, ikintu yari amaze imyaka irenga icumi yiherereye kandi kimutera kwiheba. <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q794_3o5w04</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.crystalnewman.com/blog/crystal-newman-hosts-malaika-tenshi-crystal-1-on-1 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-28 |archive-date=2020-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029100243/https://www.crystalnewman.com/blog/crystal-newman-hosts-malaika-tenshi-crystal-1-on-1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == references == [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] 56inrl63ig2a0n9fyx9guvqs8vtmtr2 0 9811 140141 116114 2026-09-25T09:11:25Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140141 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Sofia Amara.jpg|thumb|sofia amara]] '''Sofia Amara''' (yavutse ku ya 25 Gicurasi 1968) ni umunyamakuru w’umufaransa wavukiye muri [[Maroke|Maroc]] akaba n'umuyobozi wa firime. == Ubuzima bwa Biografiya == Amara yavukiye i Casablanca mu 1968. Yarangije muri kaminuza ya Yorodani afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu bumenyi bwa politiki no muri IEP i Paris mu 1996. Amara yatangiye umwuga we wumwuga nkumunyamakuru muburasirazuba bwo hagati kumiyoboro itandukanye na radio. Yagaragaje ibyabaye nka Intifada ya mbere y'Abanyapalestine, igitero cya Koweti na Iraki, no kugaruka kwa Yasser Arafat muri Gaza. <ref>https://www.babelio.com/auteur/Sofia-Amara/330299</ref> Amara yatanze raporo ku Isoko ry'Abarabu muri Egiputa, kandi afungwa kabiri hamwe n'abigaragambyaga i Cairo. Yakoze documentaire ku ntambara yo muri Siriya kuva yatangira mu 2011. Muri 2014, Amara yasohoye igitabo ''Infiltrée dans l'enfer syrien: du Printemps de Damas à l'Etat islamique'' aho yasabye ko igihugu cya kisilamu cya Iraki na Levant (ISIL) mubyukuri byari umufatanyabikorwa wa Bashar al-Assad. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.franceculture.fr/oeuvre-infiltree-dans-l-enfer-syrien-de-sofia-amara |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=2020-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209105953/https://www.franceculture.fr/oeuvre-infiltree-dans-l-enfer-syrien-de-sofia-amara |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mosul amaze kubohorwa muri 2017, Amara yabaye umwe mu banyamakuru ba mbere b’abagore binjiye mu mujyi hamwe n’ingabo za Iraki. Muri 2017, yayoboye documentaire ''Yabuze Abana ba Califa'', yerekanaga abana bafite imyaka umunani bogejwe n'ubwonko kandi bahabwa imyitozo yintwaro. <ref>https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/isis-forces-children-young-five-10412834</ref> Yakiriye igihembo cya AMADE mu iserukiramuco rya TV rya Monte-Carlo. Muri 2018, Amara yasohoye igitabo ''Bagdadi, Khalifa w'iterabwoba''. Harimo ibiganiro bye n'uwahoze ari umugore n'umukobwa wa Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi,, umuyobozi wa ISIL. Igitabo cyasuzumye izamuka ry'ubutegetsi bwa al-Baghdadi n'ingaruka zaryo ku isi. <ref>https://www.france24.com/en/20181022-interview-sofia-amara-islamic-state-group-terrorism-women-leader-baghdadi-ex-wife</ref> Amara ifite icyicaro i Beirut. Muri 2019, yanenze Perezida wa Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika [[Donald Trump]] kuba adafite politiki yo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati kandi yirengagiza ihohoterwa rya guverinoma z'Abarabu. Amara yavuze ko umwanzuro uhangayikishije cyane mu mpeshyi y’Abarabu ari uko "hari abayobozi bashinzwe ibibazo bakora bashingiye ku nyungu zabo bwite zihinduka kandi rimwe na rimwe zikabarwa nabi." == Igice cya firime == * 2011: ''Syrie, dans l'enfer de la répression'' (umwanditsi / umuyobozi) * 2011: ''Le grand ikinyamakuru de Canal +'' (Urukurikirane rwa TV) * 2011-2013: ''Iperereza ryihariye'' (serivise za TV, umuyobozi) * 2012: ''Syrie, au cœur de l'armée libre'' (umuyobozi) * 2013: ''Le renégat (The renegade)'' (umuyobozi) * 2014: ''L'invité'' (Urukurikirane rwa TV) * 2017: ''Enquête yihariye'' (Urukurikirane rwa TV, umuyobozi) * 2017: ''Abana Babuze Ubukhalifa'' (umuyobozi) * 2019: ''C à vous'' (Urukurikirane rwa TV) * 2019: ''Al-Baghdadi, les secrets d'une traque'' (umuyobozi) == references == * [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] atrdm77zlhp5om0dlrrxscsh8xayu9j 0 9822 140161 135417 2026-09-25T09:27:46Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140161 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ciudad del Cabo desde Cabeza de León, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-22, DD 34.jpg|thumb|igihugu akomokamo]] '''Ayanda Daweti''' (wavutse 1990), umenyerewe nka '''Tuckshop Bafanaz''', ni umukinnyi wa muzika wo muri [[Afurika y'Epfo]] akaba n'umucuranzi. Azwi cyane kubera uruhare rwe 'Chumani Langa' muri televiziyo izwi cyane ya Scandal!. <ref>https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/news/scandals-ayanda-daweti-on-playing-a-queer-character-this-role-has-helped-a-lot-of-people-20200814</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == Yavutse mu 1990 akurira i Tsolo, muri Afurika y'Epfo. Nyina Nomalizo Daweti yapfuye azize indwara z'umutima asinziriye ubwo Ayanda yari afite imyaka 13. <ref name="news24">https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/scandals-ayanda-daweti-on-his-heartache-after-losing-his-mother-at-13-20190923</ref> Nyuma y'urupfu rwa nyina, yimukiye i Mhlakulo, Tsolo mu burasirazuba bwa Cape hamwe na nyirasenge Stella Sondaba na nyirakuru Nomonde Sondaba. Nyuma yimyaka mike, yimukiye i Johannesburg. Amaze kurangiza amasomo ye, yimukiye i Cape Town yiga IT ndetse yiga n'ubuhanzi muri kaminuza y'ikoranabuhanga ya Tshwane, Pretoria. <ref>https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/5-interesting-facts-about-chumani-from-scandal/ar-BB188KCr</ref> == Umwuga == Uruhare rwe rwa tereviziyo ruzwi cyane kandi ruzwi cyane rwanyuze kuri eTv isabune opera ''Scandal!'', aho yakinnye 'Chumani Langa'. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20211130094859/https://zalebs.com/relationships/hungani-ndlovu/hungani-ndlovu-and-ayanda-daweti-s-offscreen-bromance</ref> Muri serial, yakinnye uruhare mubyukuri muto kurenza imyaka ye. <ref name="Herbst 2020">https://briefly.co.za/72343-scandals-ayanda-dawetis-performance-fans-standing-applauding.html</ref> Muri 2018 yatsindiye igihembo cya Golden Horn igihembo cyiza cya Filime ya TV muri Filime na Televiziyo yo muri Afrika yepfo kubera film ye ''Okae Molao''. <ref name="news24" /> Muri 2020, yatumiriwe kugira uruhare mu biganiro bya televiziyo ''Amaraso Zaburi''. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youthvillage.co.za/2020/08/ayanda-daweti-bags-a-role-on-an-upcoming-drama-series/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=2021-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130093357/https://youthvillage.co.za/2020/08/ayanda-daweti-bags-a-role-on-an-upcoming-drama-series/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Usibye gukina, ni n'umucuranzi yakoresheje izina rya stage 'Tuckshop Bafanaz'. <ref>https://okmzansi.co.za/5-fun-facts-you-need-to-know-about-scandal-actor-ayanda-daweti/</ref> Yatangiye umuziki kubijyanye na nyirasenge, aho yasohoye inzira itandatu ya mbere ya EP. Muri 2019, yasohoye alubumu yeguriwe nyina. Yakundanye n'umukobwa witwa Xola kuva 2007 kugeza apfuye azize impanuka ikomeye y'imodoka mu 2010. Nyuma, yeguriye indirimbo 'Xola' kugirango amwibuke.  == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Umwaka ! Filime ! Uruhare ! Ubwoko |- | 2009 | ''Urukozasoni!'' | Chumani Langa | Urukurikirane rwa TV |} == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] 9toaa2tu6xrnpyxv737m2trqtvfglhr 0 9831 140030 130903 2026-09-24T13:27:50Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140030 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Deolinda Kinzimba no fundão.jpg|thumb|Deolinda Kinzimba ]] [[Dosiye:Ano nov.jpg|thumb|deolinda ines]] '''Deolinda Inês Caetano Kinzimba''' (yavutse ku ya 11 Gicurasi 1995) ni umukinnyi wa firime akaba aririmba ndetse ashobora kwandika indirimbo cyanwa filime [[Angola]]. == Ubuzima bwa Biografiya == [[Dosiye:Deolinda as meena.jpg|thumb|Deolinda Kinzimba muri filimi ]] Kinzimba yavukiye i Luanda akurira muri Ingombota. Yavuze ko yagize ubuzima bwiza kandi ko ashishikajwe n'umuziki kuva akiri muto. Mubyo akora harimo Phyllis Hyman na Selena Quintanilla. <ref name="machado">{{Cite web |url=https://www.verangola.net/va/pt/122016/CulturaEducacao/6762/Deolinda-Kinzimba-%E2%80%9CSempre-acreditei-que-um-dia-conseguiria-mostrar-ao-mundo-aquilo-que-mais-amo-que-%C3%A9-cantar%E2%80%9D.htm?id=8 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=2020-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014035520/https://www.verangola.net/va/pt/122016/CulturaEducacao/6762/Deolinda-Kinzimba-%E2%80%9CSempre-acreditei-que-um-dia-conseguiria-mostrar-ao-mundo-aquilo-que-mais-amo-que-%C3%A9-cantar%E2%80%9D.htm?id=8 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kinzimba yabaga muri [[Tanzaniya]] akiri ingimbi kuko yari afite mushiki we wakoraga kuri ambasade ya Angola. Yimukiye i Guimarães, Porutugali mu 2014 kwiga no kugira amahirwe meza. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ionline.sapo.pt/419137 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=2017-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906135410/https://ionline.sapo.pt/419137 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kinzimba yize amategeko muri Porto. <ref name="machado" /> Muri 2016, yatsindiye igihembwe cya gatatu cya Ijwi rya [[Porutigali|Portugal]]. Kinzimba yiswe " Whitney Houston mushya" ubwo yakoraga indirimbo yakunzwe cyane ya Houston " "I Have Nothing " ashimwa cyane. Yakinnye " "I Will Always Love You " ya Mariah Carey na " A Moment Like This" na Kelly Clarkson kurangiza. Kinzimba yongeye guhura na nyina, uwo yari amaze imyaka ibiri atabona. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.conexaolusofona.org/deolinda-kinzimba-a-diva-angolana-que-conquistou-portugal/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=2020-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014035600/http://www.conexaolusofona.org/deolinda-kinzimba-a-diva-angolana-que-conquistou-portugal/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kubera intsinzi, Kinzimba yasinyanye amasezerano na Universal. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.flash.pt/atualidade/nacional/detalhe/nada-na-vida-acontece-por-acaso |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=2020-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014035620/https://www.flash.pt/atualidade/nacional/detalhe/nada-na-vida-acontece-por-acaso |url-status=dead }}</ref> Muri Nzeri 2016, yakinnye mu gitaramo "Dentro". <ref>https://media.rtp.pt/thevoiceportugal/artigos/deolinda-kinzimba-canta-original-portugues-mostra-do-interprete/</ref> Indirimbo ye ya mbere, "Primeira Vez", yasohotse mu Kwakira 2016. <ref>https://www.dn.pt/media/oica-o-single-de-estreia-de-deolinda-kinzimba-5433473.html</ref> Ugushyingo 2017, yashyize ahagaragara alubumu ye ya mbere yise. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://radiocomercial.iol.pt/noticias/73537/taylor-swift-nos-lancamentos-de-hoje |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=2020-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014035747/https://radiocomercial.iol.pt/noticias/73537/taylor-swift-nos-lancamentos-de-hoje |url-status=dead }}</ref> "Deolinda Kinzimba" yakiriye inyenyeri eshatu nigice ziva muri Sábado, ashima amarangamutima ya Kimzimba n'imikorere ye ariko anenga ibizaba byavuzwe. Nubwo bimeze bityo, iki kinyamakuru cyavuze ko ari umukino wambere hamwe nindirimbo nyinshi zikomeye. <ref>https://www.sabado.pt/gps/detalhe/critica-de-musica-deolinda-kinzimba</ref> Yitabiriye Iserukiramuco RTP da Canção 2017, ku butumire bw'umwanditsi w'indirimbo Rita Redshoes, agera ku mukino wa nyuma w'ibyo birori. <ref>https://www.vip.pt/deolinda-kinzimba-mostra-o-lado-sexy-vencedora-do-voice-deixa-de-ser-uma-mulher-timida</ref> == Discography == == Amashusho == * 2016: ''Dentro'' (nka Raquel) * 2016-2017: ''Sociedade Recreativa'' (nka we) == references == [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] go9qhyw9dfr61n9kj33acxqgva2g5t0 0 10007 140116 120684 2026-09-25T09:08:29Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140116 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Uludag-PSİ-2007 ing.jpg|thumb]] '''Uburezi muri [[Turukiya]]''' bugengwa na gahunda y’igihugu yashyizweho hakurikijwe ivugurura rya [[Abaturukiya|Atatürk]] nyuma y’intambara yo kwigenga ya Turukiya. Nuburyo bugenzurwa na leta bugamije kubyara ibyiciro byumwuga ibigo byimibereho nubukungu byigihugu.Kwiga ku gahato bimara imyaka 12. <ref>https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/</ref>Amashuri abanza nayisumbuye aterwa inkunga na leta kandi kubuntu mumashuri ya leta, hagati yimyaka 6 na 19, naho 2003 kwandikisha abana muriki kigero byari hafi 75%. Amashuri yisumbuye cyangwa ayisumbuye ntabwo ari itegeko ariko arasabwa kugirango noneho atere imbere muri kaminuza.<ref>https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/</ref> Muri 2012 muri Turukiya hari kaminuza 165. Usibye ''Ishami Ryugurura Uburezi'' ( Turkish ) muri kaminuza ya Anadolu, kwinjira bigengwa n’ikizamini cy’igihugu, ÖSYS, nyuma y’abanyeshuri barangije amashuri yisumbuye bakoherezwa muri kaminuza bakurikije imikorere yabo.<ref>2002 Report by Turkish Statistical Institute, Prime Ministry of the Republic of Turkey.</ref> == Amateka == [[Dosiye:Beyazıt State Library (14667026514).jpg|thumb]] Nyuma yo gushingwa kwa [[Turukiya|Repubulika ya Turukiya]] imitunganyirize ya minisiteri y’uburezi yagiye itera imbere buhoro buhoro kandi ivugururwa n’Itegeko no 2287 ryatanzwe mu 1933. Minisiteri yahinduye amazina inshuro nyinshi. Yaguye muri Minisiteri y’umuco (1935–1941) yitwa Minisiteri y’uburezi, urubyiruko, na siporo (1983–1989). Kuva icyo gihe yitwa Minisiteri y'Uburezi bw'igihugu. <ref name="meb1-16">https://web.archive.org/web/20121023052224/http://www.meb.gov.tr/Stats/apk2002ing/apage01_16.htm</ref> Mbere ya Repubulika, ibigo by'uburezi ntibyari bifite imico y'igihugu. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121023052224/http://www.meb.gov.tr/Stats/apk2002ing/apage01_16.htm</ref>Amashuri yateguwe mumiyoboro itatu itandukanye yari ibigo bihagaritse bitigenga. Iya mbere kandi ikunze kugaragara muri uyu muryango ni amashuri y'uturere na madrase bishingiye ku myigishirize ya Koran ururimi rw'icyarabu no gufata mu mutwe, icya kabiri ni amashuri y'Ivugurura n'amashuri yisumbuye ashyigikira udushya naho uwa gatatu ni amashuri makuru n'amashuri mato hamwe n'amahanga. kwigisha ururimi. <ref name="meb1-16" /> Itegeko ryo guhuriza hamwe uburezi, no 430 ryatanzwe ku ya 3 Werurwe 1924. Hamwe n'iri tegeko, imiyoboro itatu itandukanye yarahurijwe hamwe, iyambere yarafunzwe, iya kabiri iratezwa imbere naho iya gatatu ijyanwa mu igenzura no gukurikiranwa na Minisiteri y'Uburezi. Imwe mu ntego zayo kwari ugushyira mu bikorwa ubunyangamugayo mu burezi. <ref name="meb1-162">https://web.archive.org/web/20121023052224/http://www.meb.gov.tr/Stats/apk2002ing/apage01_16.htm</ref> Mu itegeko ry’umuryango w’uburezi no 789 ryatanzwe ku ya 22 Werurwe 1926 Minisiteri y’uburezi y’igihugu yahawe inshingano zo gusobanura impamyabumenyi n’uburinganire bw’amashuli ya Leta n’abikorera ku giti cyabo yamaze gufungura cyangwa gufungura minisiteri itari Minisiteri y’Uburezi y’igihugu. . Iri tegeko ryazanye gahunda nshya nka "nta shuri rishobora gufungurwa muri Turukiya nta ruhushya rwumvikanyweho na Minisiteri y’Uburezi" cyangwa " integanyanyigisho zizategurwa na Minisiteri y’Uburezi". Ibigo byigisha imyuga-tekiniki byahoze biyobowe ninzego zibanze byashyizwe muri minisiteri yuburezi. <ref name="meb1-162" />Mu 1923-24, hari muri Turukiya, abanyeshuri barenga gato 7000 bo mumashuri yisumbuye, abanyeshuri bagera ku 3.000 bo mumashuri yisumbuye, abanyeshuri bagera kuri 2000 biga tekinike ndetse nabanyeshuri ba medrese 18.000 muribo 6.000 bavuga ko ari abanyeshuri nyabo naho abandi biyandikisha kuba ukuwe mu gisirikare. <ref name="feriha">{{Cite web |url=http://www.belgeler.com/blg/s5v/ataturk-un-laiklik-anlayisinin-egitim-sistemimizdeki-yansimalari-1919-1938-reflections-of-ataturk-s-secularism-manner-on-our-education-system-1919-1938 |title=Feriha Özkan, '''Atatürk’ün Laiklik Anlayışının Eğitim Sistemimizdeki Yansımaları (1919–1938)''', ''Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kütahya, 2006'' |access-date=2022-02-09 |archive-date=2012-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206132507/http://www.belgeler.com/blg/s5v/ataturk-un-laiklik-anlayisinin-egitim-sistemimizdeki-yansimalari-1919-1938-reflections-of-ataturk-s-secularism-manner-on-our-education-system-1919-1938 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Muri icyo gihe abaturage ba Turukiya bari miliyoni 13-14. == Amashuri Abanziriza abanza Muri Turikiya == [[Dosiye:Literacy-1924-Turkey.png|thumb]] Amashuri abanza abanza akubiyemo uburezi butemewe bwabana hagati y-amezi 36-72 bari munsi y’amashuri abanza. Ibigo by-amashuri abanza, pepiniyeri yigenga byafunguwe nkamasomo yincuke n’amasomo ngiro mubigo byuburezi byemewe kandi bitemewe bifite ubushobozi bwumubiri bukwiye. <ref name="meb1-163">https://web.archive.org/web/20121023052224/http://www.meb.gov.tr/Stats/apk2002ing/apage01_16.htm</ref> Serivisi zijyanye n'uburezi bwibanze butangwa na pepiniyeri, amashuri y'incuke, amasomo ngiro yafunguwe mbere na mbere na Minisiteri y’uburezi ndetse no mu bigo by’umunsi, amashuri y’incuke, amazu yita ku bana, amazu yita ku bana n’ibigo byita ku bana byafunguwe na minisiteri zitandukanye. n'ibigo bigamije kwita cyangwa uburezi bishingiye ku biteganywa n'amategeko icumi, sitati ebyiri n'amabwiriza icumi. Mu mwaka w'amashuri 2001–2002, abana 256.400 barigwaga naho abarimu 14.500 bakoreshwa mu bigo 10.500 by'amashuri abanza. <ref name="meb130-140">Taken from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20121023052153/http://www.meb.gov.tr/Stats/apk2002ing/apage130-140.htm Education Statistics] by the Ministry of Education for 2002; accessed on 3 November 2012</ref> == Amashuri Abanza muri Turikiya == Amashuri abanza ( Turkish ) bimara imyaka 4. Amashuri abanza akubiyemo uburezi n'inyigisho bigenewe abana bari hagati ya 6-14, ni itegeko kubenegihugu bose, abahungu cyangwa abakobwa, kandi bitangwa kubuntu mumashuri ya leta.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121023052224/http://www.meb.gov.tr/Stats/apk2002ing/apage01_16.htm</ref> Ibigo by'amashuri abanza ni amashuri atanga imyaka umunani yuburezi budahwema, iyo abayirangije bahabwa impamyabumenyi yibanze. <ref name="meb1-164">https://web.archive.org/web/20121023052224/http://www.meb.gov.tr/Stats/apk2002ing/apage01_16.htm</ref> Imyaka ine yambere yishuri ryibanze rimwe na rimwe bita "Ishuri rya mbere, 1. Urwego "( Turkish ''<span style="padding-right:0.1em;">Kademe</span>'' ) ariko byombi nibyo.Hano haribintu bine byingenzi mubyiciro byambere, icya kabiri nicyiciro cya gatatu aribyo; Igiturukiya, Imibare, Hayat Bilgisi (bisobanurwa ngo "Ubumenyi bwubuzima") nururimi rwamahanga. Ku cyiciro cya kane, "Hayat Bilgisi" asimburwa na Science and Social Studies. Ururimi rwamahanga rwigishijwe mumashuri ruhinduka kuva mwishuri. Igikunze kugaragara cyane ni [[icyongereza]], mugihe amashuri amwe yigisha [[ikidage]], [[igifaransa]] cyangwa icyesipanyoli aho kuvuga icyongereza. Amashuri amwe yigenga yigisha indimi ebyiri zamahanga icyarimwe.Mbere ijambo "ishuri ryisumbuye" (tr: ''ortaokul'' ) ryakoreshejwe mumashuri yimyaka itatu kugirango rikurikire imyaka itanu iteganijwe kuri "Ishuri ryambere" (tr: ''ilkokul'' ). Noneho imyaka ine ya kabiri yuburezi bwibanze rimwe na rimwe bita "Ishuri ryambere, 2. Urwego "( Turkish ''<span style="padding-right:0.1em;">Kademe</span>'' ) ariko byombi nibyo. Amashuri abanza arashobora kuba ayigenga cyangwa ayigenga. Amashuri ya Leta ni ubuntu ariko amafaranga yishuri ryigenga ahinduka kuva mwishuri akajya mwishuri. Indimi z'amahanga zigishwa mu Mashuri Yigenga ubusanzwe ziri ku rwego rwo hejuru ugereranije n’Amashuri ya Leta ku Mashuri Yigenga menshi ahitamo guha abavuga ururimi kavukire nk'abarimu. [[Dosiye:Namık kemal lisesi.jpg|thumb]] Hariho amasomo atanu yibanze kumashuri ya gatandatu na karindwi; Igiturukiya, imibare, siyanse, amasomo mbonezamubano n'indimi z'amahanga. Ku cyiciro cya munani, amasomo mbonezamubano asimburwa na "Amateka ya Turukiya ya Revolution na Kemalism" (tr: TC İnkılap Tarihi ve Atatürkçülük).Mu mwaka w'amashuri 2001–2002, miliyoni 10.3 z'abanyeshuri zarigwaga naho abarimu 375.500 bakoreshwa mu mashuri 34,900. <ref name="meb130-1402">Taken from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20121023052153/http://www.meb.gov.tr/Stats/apk2002ing/apage130-140.htm Education Statistics] by the Ministry of Education for 2002; accessed on 3 November 2012</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Turukiya]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi|Turukiya]] ac96oamxkfnh5yccu271jjzwnnzr2xr 0 10065 140009 121913 2026-09-24T13:25:15Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140009 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Verediana_Masanja_1_(cropped).jpg|thumb| Verdiana Grace Masanja]] '''Verdiana Grace''' '''Masanja''' ( '''Kashaga''', wavutse ku ya 12 Ukwakira 1954 ) Niwe mugore wa mbere wo muri [[Tanzaniya]] wabonye impamyabumenyi ya dogiteri mu mibare. [1] Kurenga imibare, yanasohoye inyandiko nyinshi ku myigire n’uruhare rw’abagore muri siyanse. <ref>https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Masanja/</ref> == Uburezi == Masanja yavukiye i Bukoba, icyo gihe igice cya Tanganyika. Yabaye umunyeshuri mu ishuri ryisumbuye ry’abakobwa rya Jangwani i Dar es Salaam hanyuma yiga muri kaminuza ya Dar es Salaam, arangiza icyiciro cy’imibare n’[[Umugenge|ubugenge]] mu 1976 n’icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu 1981. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://dailynews.co.tz/news/2021-05-2460ab7811ae387.aspx |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-02-26 |archive-date=2022-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226100846/https://dailynews.co.tz/news/2021-05-2460ab7811ae387.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yabonye impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya kabiri mubutaribire kandi yarangije impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga ya kaminuza ya tekinike muri [[Berlin]]. Impamyabumenyi ye, ''Numical Study of Reiner - Rivlin Fluid mu muyoboro wa Axi-Symmetrical Circular Circular'', yakurikiranwe na Wolfgang Muschik na Gerd Brunk. <ref name=":0" /> == Umwuga == Masanja amaze kuba umunyeshuri wa masters yabaye umwarimu muri kaminuza ya Dar es Salaam, agarutse avuye mu [[Ubudage|Budage]] ahinduka umwarimu, akomeza kuguma mu ishami rya kaminuza kugeza mu 2010. Mu 2006 yatangiye kwigisha no muri [[kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda]] nk'umwarimu wungirije, maze mu 2007 aba umwarimu aho, ndetse yagizwe umuyobozi w’ubushakashatsi muri kaminuza, anaba umuyobozi wungirije akaba n'umujyanama mukuru muri kaminuza ya Kibungo mu [[Rwanda]]. Muri 2018 yagarutse muri Tanzaniya nk'umwarimu w’imibare muri Nelson Mandela Institute of Science and Technology muri Arusha. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nm-aist.ac.tz/index.php/masanja |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-02-26 |archive-date=2022-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226093841/https://nm-aist.ac.tz/index.php/masanja |url-status=dead }}</ref> Masanja yabaye visi perezida mu muryango Nyafurika Ushinzwe Imibare, yayoboye Komisiyo Nyafurika ishinzwe imibare ku bagore, [4] ndetse n'umuhuzabikorwa w’igihugu gishinzwe uburezi mu mibare muri Afurika. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.udsm.ac.tz/web/index.php/directorates/dica/alumni/name/42 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-02-26 |archive-date=2022-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226093843/https://www.udsm.ac.tz/web/index.php/directorates/dica/alumni/name/42 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == references == [[Ikiciro:Abarimu ba Kaminuza]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi]] 0eg7ejyl5a2vzae9k4vuxjdxkhewt6h 0 10074 140055 135135 2026-09-24T13:37:19Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silas Lwakabamba''' (yavutse 1947) ni umwarimu [[Rwanda|w’umunyarwanda]] ukomoka muri [[Tanzaniya]] wabaye Minisitiri w’uburezi mu Rwanda kuva muri Nyakanga 2014 kugeza ku ya 24 Kamena 2015. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130620151023/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=15281</ref> <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120725074916/http://www.ku.ac.ke/schools/graduate/images/stories/docs/presentation/mapping.pdf</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Silas Lwakabamba yavukiye kandi yiga mu gihugu cya [[Tanzaniya]]. Yagiye muri kaminuza ya Leeds mu [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]] aho yize ibijyanye n’ubuhanga, arangiza BSc mu 1971 na PhD muri 1975. Nyuma yaje gusubira muri Tanzaniya aho yinjiye mu bakozi b'ishami ry'ubwubatsi muri kaminuza ya Dar es Salaam. Yabonye ubushobozi bwo kuba professor muri 1981, nyuma aba Umuyobozi w'ishami. Muri 1997, Silas Lwakabamba yabaye Umuyobozi washinze ikigo cy’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga cya [[Kigali]] mu Rwanda (KIST) [[Rwanda|,]] naho mu 2006, agirwa umuyobozi wa [[kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda]], ikigo cya Leta kinini mu mashuri makuru mu gihugu. Yakomeje kuri uyu mwanya kugeza igihe yagenwe muri Gashyantare 2013 nka Minisitiri w’ibikorwa Remezo muri Guverinoma ya Rwanda<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130620151023/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=15281</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Abarimu ba Kaminuza]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Uburezi]] euhfagac8ztmeavclnw8bkv1prxgs65 0 10202 139962 136239 2026-09-24T13:19:40Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139962 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Knowless Butera.jpg|thumb|Butera Jane uzwi nka Knowless]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q16233306|useImage=[[File:Knowless (21600659636).jpg|Knowless_(21600659636)]]}} '''Butera Jane''' yavutse ku wa 2 Ukwakira 1990 kandi uzwi ku izina rya Knowless cyangwa Butera Knowless mu buryo bw'umwuga,ni umuhanzikazi w'injyana nya[[Rwanda]]. Butera yajyiye akora indirimbo nyinshi zitandukanye. Indirimbo ze zikaba zikora ku mitima ya benshi cyane cyane urubyiruko udasize n'abantu bakuru, cyane ko uyu muhanzikazi ibihangano bye biba byuzuyemo ubutumwa bwinshi. <ref name="salax">{{Cite web |url=http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130812132334/http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/106427/ubuhanga-knowless-yagaragaje-ibyo-wakwitega-kuri-album-ya-5-inzora-106427.html</ref> == Amateka == Butera yavukiye mu [[Akarere ka Ruhango|Karere ka Ruhango]], akaba umwana w'ikinege wa Jean-Marie Vianney Butera na Marie Claire Uyambaje, bombi bitabye Imana. <ref>http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/69290</ref> Nyina yahoze ari umuririmbyi wa mbere muri korari y'itorero ry'Abadiventisiti b'umunsi wa Karindwi. Butera yize amashuri abanza muri ESCAF i [[Nyamirambo]], APARUDE mu mashuri yisumbuye i Ruhango na APACE i [[Kigali]] akaba yarize ikoranabuhanga. Akaba yari umwe mubagize korari yo muri APACE. Mu mwaka wa 2012, yatangiye kwiga kaminuza muri Kigali Institute of Science and Technology. <ref name="bio">https://web.archive.org/web/20120110120556/http://tukabyine.com/index.php/articles/knowles-rwandas-true-music-diva</ref> Mu mwaka 2019, nibwo yasoje muri Kaminuza ya Gikirisitu ya Oklahoma akaba n'umubyeyi w'abakobwa babiri bitwa Ora na Inzora Butera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ar.umuseke.rw/umuhanzikazi-butera-knowless-ni-muntu-ki.hmtl |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-07-31 |archive-date=2023-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731163157/https://ar.umuseke.rw/umuhanzikazi-butera-knowless-ni-muntu-ki.hmtl |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/article/urugendo-rw-umuziki-rwa-butera-knowless-wagize-isabukuru-y-imyaka-29</ref><ref>https://www.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/abahanzi/butera-knowless/amakuru/article/ibintu-10-bitangaje-kuri-knowless</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/umuziki/article/umuhanzikazi-butera-knowless-yarezwe-muri-rib</ref> [[Dosiye:University of Rwanda, Nyarugenge Campus.jpg|thumb|Kaminuza ya Kigali Institute of Science and Technology, Butera yizeho]] [[Dosiye:RuhangoDist.png|center|thumb|Aho Butera yavukiye]] == Umwuga wa muzika == Knowless yashyize ahagaragara umuzingo w<nowiki>'indirimbo we wa mbere, ''</nowiki>''Komeza<nowiki>''</nowiki>'' mu Kuboza 2011. Album ye ya kabiri, ''Uwo Ndiwe'', yasohotse muri Werurwe 2013. <ref name="salax2">http://focus.rw/wp/2013/04/action-packed-female-stars-take-over-rwanda/</ref> Knowless akaba abarizwa muri label ya Kina Music. <ref name="chimp">{{Cite web |url=http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130812132334/http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yakoreye mu [[Rwanda]] no mu bihugu duturanye, harimo na [[Uganda|Uganda,]] kandi akorana n'abahanzi benshi barimo Abanyarwanda nka Danny, Paccy, Ciney, Jay Polly, Kamichi, Urban Boyz hamwe n'itsinda rya Vampos ryo muri Uganda. Umuhanzikazi [[Cécile Kayirebwa|Cecile Kayirebwa]] w’umunyarwanda watuye mu [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]] n’umwanditsi w’indirimbo w’umunyamerika R&B, Brandy Norwood nibo bahanzi afata nk'ikitegererezo. Mu mwaka wa 2021 yasohoye umuzingo mushya (album) yitwa INZORA. <ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2021/06/knowless-set-to-release-inzora-her-best-album-ever/</ref> == Ibihembo == [[Dosiye:Amahoro Stadium 2003 c.png|thumb|Stade Amahoro]] Knowless yatsindiye "Umuhanzi mushya mwiza" mu marushanwa ya Salax Awards 2010. Muri Kanama 2013, yegukanye umwanya wa gatatu mu marushanwa ngarukamwaka ya Primus Guma Guma Super Star abera kuri [[Stade Amahoro]]. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130812132334/http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Muri Werurwe 2013 yatsindiye igihembo cya kabiri cya Salax -kuri iyi nshuro mu cyiciro cy'Umuhanzi w’umugore mwiza". Muri 2013, Knowless yari umwe mu bahanzi batatu baturutse mu Rwanda baririmbye mu birori bya "[[Rwanda]] Day" byabereye i Londres. <ref>http://www.rwandashow.com/index.php/2013/05/knowles-applauds-rwanda-day/</ref> muri 2015, Knowless Butera yatsindiye Primus Guma Guma Superstar Edition ya 5 kandi ni we mugore wa mbere wegukanye amarushanwa nk'aya. == Amashakiro; == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Butera Knowless}} [[Ikiciro:Abagore]] [[Ikiciro:Imyidagaduro mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Imyidagaduro]] [[Ikiciro:Umuhanzi]] ciog8rty1n19ff32ojtra01zpgfy5et 0 10205 139955 136320 2026-09-24T13:18:49Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139955 wikitext text/x-wiki == Amateka == [[Dosiye:Evelyne Umurerwa.jpg|alt=|thumb|Evelyne Umurerwa |311x311px]] Umurerwa Evelyne n'Umunyarwandakazi wavutse m'[[umwaka]] (1977) aho yavukiye mu karere ka Nyarugenge<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/64059</ref> [[Umugimbo|umugi]] wa [[kigali]] ni mwene Eduard Nsababera na Blandine Mukasekuru, yashakanye n'uwitwa Jean-Marie Uwizeye k'itariki (8/1/2000) uyu mugabo babyaranye [[abana]] 3. == Amashuri yize == Evelyne Umurerwa yize [[Amashuri Makuru|amashuri]] yisumbuye kukigo cya Centre Islamiques de l'Enseignments Secondaires de [[Kigali]] (CIESK) Akomereza amashuri ya [[Kaminuza y'u Rwanda|kaminuza]] ku kigo cya [[Kigali]] independent yiga ishami ry'imibanire. == Akazi yakoze == Umurerwa n'umunyarwandakazi w'umunyamakuru ukorera [[Radio Studio 54 Network|Radio]] na television by'Urwanda<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/womens-month/inkuru/article/urugendo-rwa-umurerwa-evelyne-umaze-imyaka-isaga-17-asoma-amakuru-kuri |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2021-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614161444/https://igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/womens-month/inkuru/article/urugendo-rwa-umurerwa-evelyne-umaze-imyaka-isaga-17-asoma-amakuru-kuri |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuva mu mwaka (1998)<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/80370</ref> aho abimazemo [[imyaka]] irenga 20,yakoze kuri radio na television by'[[igihugu]] agisoza kwiga amashuri yisumbuye nyuma anaminuza akora ako kazi k'ubunyamakuru, mu kazi akora kuri television '[[rwanda]] yibanda kubiganiro bijyanye niterambere cyane cyane ry'igitsina gore aho yakoze ikiganiro cyitwa Iterambere ry'Abagore muri ikigihe arimo gukora ikiganiro cya Tinyuka urashoboye<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/womens-month/inkuru/article/urugendo-rwa-umurerwa-evelyne-umaze-imyaka-isaga-17-asoma-amakuru-kuri |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2021-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614161444/https://igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/womens-month/inkuru/article/urugendo-rwa-umurerwa-evelyne-umaze-imyaka-isaga-17-asoma-amakuru-kuri |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuva mu mwaka (2010) kuri television y'Urwanda aho iki kiganiro gishishikariza abagore kwitinyuka bakihangira imirimo bagakora imishinga mitoya bahereye kugishoro gitoya ibi bizabarinda guhora batergereje ibivuye kubagabo babo bakigira ubwabo,Umurerwa Evelyne kandi akora ikindi cy'iganiro cy'itwa Inzozi zanjye, nacyo kuri telesiziyo yu Rwanda, uyu munyamakuru kandi akora mukanama nkemura mpaka mu gihe cya [[Miss Jojo|miss]] [[Rwanda]] kuva mu mwaka 2020<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20210924131234/https://genesisbizz.com/Miss-Rwanda-2020-uko-byari-bimeze-mu-ntara-enye-z-igihugu</ref>. == Mu gihe cyo kuruhuka == Mugihe cyo kuruhuka igihe Evelyne atari mukazi akunda kuba arikumwe n'[[Umuryango w’Abibumye|umuryango]] we ndetse n'inshuti ze,akunda gukora [[siporo]] cyane harimo kwiruka,koga,gym tonic ndetse na sauna aho abikorera k'[[Umugano|Umubano]] [[Hotel Rwanda|Hotel.]] === Urugendo rwa UMURERWA Evelyne === Ababyibuka mu myaka ya 2000 barabyibuka aho buri wa Gatandatu mu masaha y'umugoroba buri wese yabaga yicaye imbere ya televiziyo uwo iwabo batayitunze akajya kuyivumba, yanga gucikwa n'ikiganiro Tele Detente cyacaga kuri Televiziyo Rwanda ari nayo yonyine yakoreragaho mu gihugu. Iyo avuze iki kiganiro cyangwa amakuru mu Kinyarwanda, mu bitekerezo bya benshi haza izina UMURERWA Evelyne kuko aribyo uyu mugore umaze imyaka 20 na akora kuri Televiziyo y'u Rwanda yamenyekanyeho cyane.[https://mobile.igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/womens-month/inkuru/article/urugendo-rwa-umurerwa-evelyne-umaze-imyaka-isaga-17-asoma-amakuru-kuri 6] == Shakira hano == <references />6. https://mobile.igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/womens-month/inkuru/article/urugendo-rwa-umurerwa-evelyne-umaze-imyaka-isaga-17-asoma-amakuru-kuri [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyamakurukazi]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyarwandakazi]] hel163xf9jkzy6k9s3qal7xv4jy2aj5 0 10225 140010 128377 2026-09-24T13:25:23Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140010 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amata Inès Giramata''' (yavutse 29 Mutarama 1996), ni umusizi [[Rwanda|w'umunyarwanda]], impirimbanyi y'uburenganzira bwa muntu cyane cyane umutegarugori. <ref name="1R">https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/magazine/Inside-the-feminist-circle-of-amata-giramata/434746-5246882-pkk1e0z/index.html</ref> Niwe washinze kandi akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru wa ''Sistah Circle'', "umuryango ugizwe n’abagore uharanira icyateza imbere umwali w'umwirabura. <ref name="1R" /><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/211799</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Giramata yavukiye mu [[Rwanda]] ku ya 29 [[Mutarama]] 1996. Niwe mfura mu muryango. Yize mu ''ishuri rya La Colombiere'' mu mashuri abanza. Nyuma yimukiye muri [[Uganda]], yinjira ''mu ishuri rya St. Mary's College Kitende,'', mu Karere ka Wakiso. Yarangije amashuri yisumbuye muri ''Green Hills Academy'', i [[Kigali]], umurwa mukuru w'u [[Rwanda]], muri Gicurasi 2013. nyuma y'uwo mwaka, yinjiye muri kaminuza ya DePauw, muri leta ya Indiana yo muri [[Amerika]]. <ref name="1R" /><ref>https://fr.igihe.com/spip.php?page=mv2_article&id_article=28063</ref> Muri 2017, yarangije muri kaminuza ya DePauw afite impamyabumenyi y’ubuhanzi mu iterambere ry’ubukungu na politiki, uburinganire,n’ubushakashatsi bw’imyororokere. Kuva muri [[Kanama]] 2019, Giramata akurikirana impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu Buringanire n'Ubushakashatsi bw'Abagore muri kaminuza ya Arizona muri [[Amerika]]<ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/inside-the-feminist-circle-of-giramata-1425614</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/sinema/article/kabera-eric-yakoze-filime-yagenewe-kwibuka25 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-14 |archive-date=2022-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514045707/https://www.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/sinema/article/kabera-eric-yakoze-filime-yagenewe-kwibuka25 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Umwuga == Nubwo yari akiri muto, Giramata yibonye mu ruhame kuva mu 2014, afite imyaka 18 ubwo yakoraga igitaramo cyo kwibuka ku nshuro ya ''20 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi'' mu 1994 i Washington DC, muri [[Amerika]] ndetse no ku munsi wa ''20 wo kwibohora'' kuri [[Stade Amahoro|Amahoro Stade]], i [[Kigali]], mu [[Rwanda]], muri 2014<ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/inside-the-feminist-circle-of-giramata-1425614</ref>. Yakinnye kandi ku ''munsi w’u Rwanda (Rwanda Day)2015'' muri Atlanta, Jeworujiya muri [[Amerika]]. Ku ya 4 [[Nyakanga]] 2019, niwe wabaye uwambere mu kuvuga ijambo mu birori byo ''kwizihiza umunsi wa 25 wo kwibohora'' kuri [[Stade Amahoro]], i [[Kigali]].<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/sistah-circle-collective-creating-just-and-safe-space-women</ref><ref name="2R">https://allafrica.com/stories/201904070020.html</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Abagore]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyarwandakazi]] [[Ikiciro:Uburenganzira bwa muntu]] [[Ikiciro:Rwandan artists]] == Inkomoko == {{Reflist}}{{Reflist}} jqw26ltnavy55dmmzersfor270bhwod 0 10285 139998 86811 2026-09-24T13:23:55Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139998 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Uwera Dalila.jpg|thumb|Miss Rwanda Uwera Dalila]] [[Nyampinga w'u Rwanda#cite note-3|Uwera Dalila]] Niwe Wabaye Nyaminga wu [[Rwanda]] bwa mbere hari tariki 17 ukuboza 1993 muhango wabereye kuri Hotel chez Lando i Remera.[[Nyampinga w'u Rwanda#cite note-3]] == Amateka == [[Dosiye:Uwera Dalila na Dirk.jpg|thumb|Dalila Miss Rwanda numugabo we Dirk]] Uwera Dalila yashakanye n’umugabo Dirk basanzwe baba mu gihugu cy’[[Ububiligi|Ububiligi,]] yabwiye Radio [[Rwanda]] icyatumye yitabira iri irushanwa rya [[Nyampinga w'u Rwanda#cite note-3|Nyaminga Wu Rwanda]] ryari ribaye ku nshuro ya kabiri mu gihugu cy'u[[Rwanda]].<ref>https://rushyashya.net/ntabwo-uwera-dalila-yabaye-miss-wambere-mu-rwanda-nkuko-bimaze-iminsi-byandikwa-mu-binyamakuru-kuko-uwabaye-miss-rwanda-1992-yishwe-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi/</ref>Yagumye asobanura icyatumye ajya muri Miss [[Rwanda]] mu mwaka 1993 . Yavuze ko yarasanzwe arumunyamideli guhora abikora yerekana imyambaro igenzweho ikindi abobari bashinzwe ibyo byimideri ni nabo Bamujyanye mwirushanwa rya Nyaminga wu [[Rwanda|Rwanda.]]Nyuma yaho yaje gushakana numugabo kumugabane wiburayi ariwe Dirk. <ref>https://rushyashya.net/ntabwo-uwera-dalila-yabaye-miss-wambere-mu-rwanda-nkuko-bimaze-iminsi-byandikwa-mu-binyamakuru-kuko-uwabaye-miss-rwanda-1992-yishwe-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi/</ref>[[Nyampinga w'u Rwanda#cite note-3|Uwera Dalila]] yaje guhishuye andi mabanga y’urugo rwe mu biganiro yagirinye nitangazamakuru hano mu [[Rwanda]] aho yahamirije abanyamakuru ko yamaze gutandukana n’umubiligi bari barashakanye,gusa yirinda kugaruka ku cyo yapfuye n’uyu wahoze ari umugabo we na cyane ko ngo ari ibintu biri hagati yabo ndetse yumva nta mpamvu n’imwe yatuma atangaza icyo bapfuye.<ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/uwera-dalila-wabaye-miss-rwanda-mu-1994-ntiyumva-neza-impamvu-adahabwa-agaciro</ref> Uwera Dalila yavuzeko yaje gutandukanye n’umugabo bari barashakanye nyuma yo kubyarana umwana umwe. Mu kiganiro ni icyo kinyamakuru yavuze ko nyuma yo gutandukana n’uyu wari umugabo we yatangiye ubuzima bushya ndetse anongeraho ko yamaze kubona umusore bakundana bagiye kumarana umwaka wose bari mu rukundo ndetse bakaba biteguye kurushinga mu gihe icyo aricyo cyose baba bamaze kubyumvikana<ref>https://rushyashya.net/ntabwo-uwera-dalila-yabaye-miss-wambere-mu-rwanda-nkuko-bimaze-iminsi-byandikwa-mu-binyamakuru-kuko-uwabaye-miss-rwanda-1992-yishwe-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi/</ref> == Ibihembo == Uwera Dalila Avugako Bahawe ikamba ari abakobwa 20 avugako bimwe muhihembo Yibuka harimo Imikufi hanyuma ibindi bakaba batarabibonye kubera bayise bahunga berekeza kumugabane w’i [[Burayi]].<ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/uwera-dalila-wabaye-miss-rwanda-mu-1994-ntiyumva-neza-impamvu-adahabwa-agaciro</ref> == Icyo avuga == Avuga ko kuba yarambaye ikamba rya [[Nyampinga w'u Rwanda#cite note-3|Nyampinga w’u Rwanda]] wo mu mwaka 1993 abona ari agaciro gakomeye kuri we ndetse ko kugeza ubu agifite ishema ryaryo.Akongera avugako Kuba yarabaye Nyampinga w’u [[Rwanda]] bivuga byinshi cyane.<ref>https://rushyashya.net/ntabwo-uwera-dalila-yabaye-miss-wambere-mu-rwanda-nkuko-bimaze-iminsi-byandikwa-mu-binyamakuru-kuko-uwabaye-miss-rwanda-1992-yishwe-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi/</ref>byamuhesheje agaciro byatumye amenya agaciro kiwe, byatumye akomeza kuba umwali ukwiriye u [[Rwanda]] n’ubu aracyabyitirirwa. aracyitirirwa Nyampinga w’u [[Rwanda]] akaba ari naryo shema nanubu afite, nta nyungu akurikiranye cyane ariko agaciro gakomeye afite n’uko yahagarariye u [[Rwanda]].<ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/uwera-dalila-wabaye-miss-rwanda-mu-1994-ntiyumva-neza-impamvu-adahabwa-agaciro</ref> === Referances === [[Ikiciro:Miss Rwanda]] s1mndfetx1oov0wsx0q8pkv1rqjohaz 0 10310 139999 138035 2026-09-24T13:24:02Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139999 wikitext text/x-wiki MAHORO GERARDINE umuyobozi wa Act05 Mahoro Gerardine ni [[Itabi|Umunyarwandakazi]] utuye mu bufaransa, n' umujyamama akaba n' umuyobozi mukuru wa Act05 , afite uburambe bukomeye ku mishinga yo murwego rwo hejuru haba mu bikorera ndetse no munzego za leta. Mahoro kandi avuga ko aringomwa gushimangira amahirwe k'uruhande rw'[[afurika]] y'uburengerazuba, akaba yarashyizeho igikorwa cya ACT05 gihereza guverinoma, ubucuruzi ndetse n'abayobozi n'abinzego. Mahoro Gerardine akaba yatowe muri 30 ,abayobozi bato bari munsi y'imyaka 40 bingenzi mukazoza k'afurika na fondasiyo y'ubufaransa hamwe na Perezida Emmanuel Macron hamwe na Nana Akufo-oddo endosementi, yatorewe kandi kuba Umuyobozi w'ihuriro rya Montana muri Afurika 2019_2022 kubera ibikorwa bye byo kunoza ingamba z'ubufatanye bw'[[afurika]] n'uburayi, akaba ari umufatanye bikorwa n'ibihugu 19 bya afurika ndetse n'ibihugu 3 by'iburayi.[https://10000codeurs.com/parole-a-la-jeunesse-rwandaise-avec-gerardine-mahoro-et-arsene-ngenzi/] == Ubumenyi == . Gutunganya ibikorwa by'ubukungu no kubikurikirana . ingamba n'ubufasha mu bikorwa byo gukora . ubushakashatsi<ref>https://www.linkedin.com/in/g%C3%A9rardinemahoro</ref><ref>https://www.financialafrik.com/2021/10/26/gerardine-mahoro-au-sommet-afrique-france-de-montpellier-le-socio-culturel-la-emporte-sur-leconomie/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://act05.com/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-06 |archive-date=2022-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518021401/https://act05.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} i0kd8y3ii49x4agfq8l06xrzbskkl4a 0 10342 140069 137481 2026-09-25T09:03:01Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140069 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maggy Corrêa''' ni umwanditsi w'ibitabo ukomoka mu [[Rwanda]] ariko utuye mu [[Ubusuwisi|Busuwisi]]. Yanditse ibitabo nka''Tutsie, etc.'' (1998) yanditse igitabo avuga uburyo yakijije nyina muri jenoside yakorewe [[abatutsi]] mu [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Rwanda]] muri Nyakanga 1994. <ref name="Favre">https://crossworks.holycross.edu/pf/vol69/iss1/3/</ref> <ref name="RoccaReeds2013">https://books.google.com/books?id=ZFQv1Cnm3kMC</ref> == Ubuzima == Corrêa yavukiye mu [[Rwanda]], <ref name="SH">https://www.editions-saint-honore.com/brand/maggy-correa/</ref> kuri se ukomoka muri Porutugali na nyina [[Rwanda|w’umunyarwanda]]. <ref name="Volet">https://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/CorreaMaggyEng.html </ref> yize mu [[Rwanda]], [[Kongo]] no mu [[Uburundi|Burundi]]. <ref name="SH" /> corrêa yabaye muri Valais mubusuwisi imyaka irenga makumyabiri. Yashinze kandi ayobora ishuri ry'imbyino imyaka icumi mbere yo kuba umunyamakuru wigenga, yandikira ''Le Nouveau Quotidien'', ''Le Temps'' na ''Le Nouvelliste''. Yakoze kandi nk;umunyamakuru wa radiyo kuri Radio Rhône Valais akaba nuwa televiziyo ya Radio Télévision Suisse. <ref>https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no00044578.html</ref> Yerekanye ''Vanille Fraise'', yakoraga gahunda y'iminota 25 mu cyumweru irimo umukino w'ubumenyi rusange kubijyanye nigitsina, kuva yatangizwa mu Gushyingo 1993 kugeza Gashyantare 1994. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_Suisse</ref> Muri Gicurasi 1994, Corrêa yagerageje gukurura ibitekerezo kuri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]] hamwe n'ikinyamakuru cyo mu Busuwisi ''Le Nouveau Quotidien''. Yabaye indorerezi [[Umuryango w’Abibumye|y’umuryango w’abibumbye]] mu ngoro y’igihugu i Geneve. Muri Nyakanga 1994, "yahisemo guhangana n'ibibazo byose byo kujya mu [[Rwanda]] mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi kugira ngo agerageze gukiza nyina; igitabo cye ''Tutsie, etc.'' (1998) ni inkuru y'uru rugendo rudasanzwe"<ref>https://ibukamontargois.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/biblio_filmo.doc</ref>.<ref>https://academicinfluence.com/people/maggy-correa</ref> Igitabo cye cyo mu mwaka wa 2018 ''À la lueur de la lampe-tempête'' (1998) kivuga amateka y'impamo ya Mario Augusto de Jesus du Valle Correia (Mario Corrêa), mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19 yarekuye rwihishwa abacakara ijana mu bukoloni bwa [[Porutigali|Porutugali]] muri [[Angola]]<ref>https://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/CorreaMaggyEng.html</ref><ref>https://hmong.es/wiki/Maggy_Correa</ref> . == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umwanditsi]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyarwandakazi]] 36su5mil0ynpt3cp5gjrjrh3kw1s7yj 0 10491 139963 92948 2026-09-24T13:19:48Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139963 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umunyana Chantal''' (Wavutse 1994) washinze akaba nuyobora umuyobozi wa Umubyeyi Elevate. Umubiriye Elevate Ltd.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/medical-student-leverages-tech-revolutionise-maternal-health</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == Umunyana yavukiye mukarere ka kamonyi akaba ari pfura mubana biwabo. Munyana afite umugabo numwana wimyaka itatu .Umunyana Chantal Yasoje Amashuri ye muri kaminuza nkuru akaba ariwe washinze kandi akanayobora Umubyeyi Elevate.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/medical-student-leverages-tech-revolutionise-maternal-health</ref> Umubyeyi Elevate Ltd nubucuruzi bwikoranabuhanga ryubuzima kubabyeyi bakiri bato, abagore batwite, abashaka kuba ababyeyi, nurubyiruko, bigamije kugabanya indwara nimpfu ziterwa no gutwita no kubyara kubera ubumenyi buke ninkunga ikomeye.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/how-lockdown-pushed-one-woman-create-motherhood-guide</ref> == Umwuga == Chantal yize Ubuganga muri kaminuza nkuru yu [[Rwanda]] akaba yanshoje mwishuri Rikuru ry’Abagore Ba Rwiyemezamirimo (AWE),rifite gahunda yo kongerera ubushobozi abagore ikorwa na Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga ya Leta ishinzwe uburezi n’umuco.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/how-lockdown-pushed-one-woman-create-motherhood-guide</ref> == Inama == Umuntu wese agomba gufata neza ubuzima bwe. Ku bijyanye n'ababyeyi, ibi bigomba gushimangirwa, kubera ko ubuzima bwabo bugira ingaruka no ku bana babyaye.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/medical-student-leverages-tech-revolutionise-maternal-health</ref> Binyuze ku mbuga nkoranyambaga abagore bashobora kugera ku mbuga zitandukanye, harimo na Umubaye Elevate, zitanga amakuru ajyanye n'ubuzima, iyo akoreshejwe neza, bishobora gutuma ubuzima bwiza bugera ku babyeyi ndetse no ku rubyaro rwabo.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/how-lockdown-pushed-one-woman-create-motherhood-guide</ref> == Ibihembo == * Chantal yahawe igihembo na ba rwiyemezamirimo bakiri bato kwihangira imirimo na Minisiteri y’Urubyiruko n’umuco mu Rwanda ndetse n’igihembo cy’Afurika Young Innovators for Health Award.<ref>https://www.wiredupstories.com/post/marie-chantal-umunyana-rwandese</ref> * Yahawe igihembo na (IFPMA) hamwe na Speak Up Africa binyuze muri Women Innovators for Health Awards <ref>https://www.wiredupstories.com/post/marie-chantal-umunyana-rwandese</ref> === Ibindi wareba === '''Umubyeyi Elavate''' :Umubyeyi Elevate 'yatangijwe ku mugaragaro mu Gushyingo 2020. Kuva icyo gihe yatsindiye ikigega cya Young Resilient Fund 2021, yashyizwe ku rutonde rwa 15 muri Afurika Young Innovators for Health 2021, kandi yari mu bagore batatu bahanga udushya twatsindiye igihembo ndetse n'ubujyanama ku buntu. Umunyana na we yagiye muri Isiraheli mubice 20 byashinzwe gutangiza.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/how-lockdown-pushed-one-woman-create-motherhood-guide</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/medical-student-leverages-tech-revolutionise-maternal-health</ref> === Referances === [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] [[Ikiciro:Rwiyemeza mirimo]] gvvt9e6xjnmpj4v50ktzlnr0x6vz4lr 0 10578 140168 137009 2026-09-25T09:44:12Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140168 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Baguma Rose''' ni umunyarwandakazi akaba ari [[umugore]] w'ubatse urugo, Akaba ari impirimbanyi ya polikite mu burezi. Baguma rose wakoze muri [[Minisiteri y'uburezi mu Rwanda|minisiteri y'uburezi]] ubwo yari Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe Politiki n’Igenamigambi <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/icyo-mineduc-ivuga-kuri-ruswa-yagaragajwe-mu-nzego-z-uburezi |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-14 |archive-date=2022-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514105726/https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/icyo-mineduc-ivuga-kuri-ruswa-yagaragajwe-mu-nzego-z-uburezi |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/seven-key-areas-revamped-education-policy-will-focus</ref>, ubu akaba akora mu [[Umujyi wa Kigali|mujyi wa kigali]] aho ari umunyamabanga mu nkuru w'inama y'ubutegetsi y'[[Umujyi wa Kigali|umujyi wa kigali]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kigalicity.gov.rw/index.php?id=147 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-14 |archive-date=2022-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517171115/https://www.kigalicity.gov.rw/index.php?id=147 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:My city kigali.jpg|center|thumb|Umujyi wa Kigali]] == Ibyo yakoze == Baguma Rose ni umwe m'ubagize urwego rw'uburezi mu Rwanda, aho guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashyizeho ingamba zitandukanye, harimo wenda no kuvugurura amwe mu mategeko, bikorwa hagamijwe gukuraho inzitizi zihari zagiye zituma abantu batagira amahirwe angana mu bijyanye n’uburezi, harimo wenda izishingiye ku gitsina, ku bumuga, agace umuntu aturukamo n’ibindi.<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/uburezi-bw-u-rwanda-bwafashije-cyane-mu-kugera-ku-ihame-ry-uburinganire</ref><ref>https://rushyashya.net/ibyemezo-byinama-yabaminisitiri-idasanzwe-yateranye-ku-wa-mbere-tariki-ya-19-ugushyingo-2018/</ref> == Reba == [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyapolitike]] 3a8t9hsqeu96xavgt3bvlzw5ngfvcfn 0 12612 140083 119974 2026-09-25T09:04:38Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140083 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[File:Stefania Turkewich.jpg |thumb|right| Stefania Turkewich-Lukianovych]] '''Stefania Turkewich-Lukianovych''' (25 Mata 1898 - 8 Mata 1977) yari umuhimbyi wo muri [[Ikerene|Ukraine]], umucuranzi wa piyano,ndetse n’umuziki, uzwi nk'umugore wa mbere umugore wa mbere w'umuhimbyi muri Ukraine. <ref>{{Template:Cite web |title=Ukrainian Art Song Project – Stefania Turkewich |url=http://www.ukrainianartsong.ca/new-page-1/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322103631/http://www.ukrainianartsong.ca/new-page-1/ |archive-date=2016-03-22}}</ref> Ibikorwa bye byabujijwe muri Ukraine n'Abasoviyeti. == Ubwana ndetse n'imikurire ye == Stefania yavukiye i Lviv, Otirishiya-Hongiriya. Sekuru (Lev Turkevich), na se (Ivan Turkevich) bari abayobozi b'itororero. Nyina Sofia Kormoshiv (Кормошів) yari umucuranzi wa piyano kandi yigana na Karol Mikuli na Vilém Kurz, anafashanya na Solomiya Krushelnytska. <ref name="Павлишин">Павлишин, Степанія Стефанівна. Перша українська композиторка: Стефанія Туркевич-Лісовська-Лукіянович, БаК, Lviv 2004.</ref>  Umuryango wose wari uwabanyamuziki kandi buri wese yacurangaga igikoresho cy'umuziki. Stefania yacurangaga piyano, inanga, na garonium. == Ibihimbano == ===Ibikorwa bya Symphonic=== * Symphony No 1, 1937 * Symphony No 2a, 1952 * Symphony numero 2b, verisiyo ya kabiri * Sinfonietta, 1956 * Ibishushanyo bitatu bya Symphonic, Ku ya 3 Nyakanga 1975 * Umuvugo wa Symphonic «La Vitа» * Ikirere Symphony, 1972 * Suite ya orchestre ebyiri * Fantasy ya Orchestre ebyiri === Ballet === * Umukobwa ufite Amaboko Yumye, Bristol, 1957 * Urunigi * Vesna (isoko; ballet y'abana), 1934-1935 * Mavka (Ishyamba rya Nymph; Ballet y'abana), 1964-1967, Belfast * Igitinyiro, 1976 === Opera=== * Mavka - (itarangiye) ishingiye ku ndirimbo y'ishyamba ya Lesia Ukrainka ===Imikorere y'abana=== * Tsar Okh cyangwa Umutima wa Oksana, 1960 * Sekibi * Ikibanza cy'imboga, 1969 ===Imirimo ya Korali=== * Liturujiya, 1919 * Zaburi ya Scheptitsky * Mbere y'intambara * Triptych * Lullaby (Ah, nta njangwe) 1946 === Urugereko - Ibikorwa by'ibikoresho=== * Sonata ya violon na piyano, 1935 * Ikurikiranyabihe, 1960 - 1970 * Trio ya violon, viola na selo, 1960 - 1970 * Piyano Quintet, 1960 - 1970 * Umuyaga Trio, 1972 ===Piyano=== * Gutandukana k'umutwe wa Ukraine, 1932 * Ibitekerezo. Suite ya Piyano hamwe n'insanganyamatsiko za Ukraine, 1940 * Impromptu, 1962 * Grotesque, 1964 * Umusozi, 1966-1968 * Uruziga rw'ibice by'abana, 1936–1946 * Noheri ya Ukraine karoli na Shtjedrivka * Inkuru nziza * Noheri hamwe na Harlequin, 1971 ===Dutandukanye=== * Umutima, kubwijwi na orchestre * Lorelei, inkuru ya harmonium na piyano, 1919. Inyandiko ya Lesia Ukrainka * Gicurasi 1912 * Insanganyamatsiko yindirimbo zabantu * Ikibanza c'Ubwigenge, kuri piyano * Indirimbo ya Lemky kumajwi nimirongo == Notes == <references/> == Ihuza ryo hanze == *[https://web.archive.org/web/20160322103631/http://www.ukrainianartsong.ca/new-page-1/ Umushinga windirimbo yubuhanzi bwa Ukraine - Stefania Turkewich] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5bdWrAzMaw&list=OLAK5uy_l7CWjtrPCiFJlL_P63SWExwmO6Hc5oMYs Stefania Turkewich: Abagalatiya I | Indirimbo z'ubuhanzi] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210113201027/http://www.salomeamuseum.lviv.ua/events/10.htm Umuziki n'Urwibutso] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qs6aeznrttk "King Och" cyangwa Umutima wa Oksana] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pa_2_xdRVHY Filime ivuga kuri Stefania Turkewich] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Tta8VSCd78 Isi yambere ya Stefania Turkewich ya Symphony Yambere] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIBr-Rf76K4 Ibishushanyo bitatu bya Symphonic - Premier Premier] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4F9J2PfG3ug Igitaramo cyahariwe isabukuru yimyaka 120 ivuka rya Stefania Turkewich] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJCcqKXpzHc Premiere. Stefania Turkewich-Lukiyanovich "Umutima wa Oksana" opera] [[Category:Ikerene| ]] ozp9volzceobhljps6fsrrig925uhex 0 12700 140095 106133 2026-09-25T09:06:02Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140095 wikitext text/x-wiki UWAYEZU Jean Fidele w'imyaka 54 yamavuko, avuka mu [[Akarere ka Nyanza|akarere ka nyanza]], mu [[Intara y'amajyepfo|intara y'amajyepho]] yu [[Rwanda]], aho rayon sport ikomoka akaba ariwe muyobozi wayo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://bwiza.com/?Uwayezu-Jean-Fidele-wahoze-mu-gisirikare-ni-we-utorewe-kuyobora-Rayon-Sport |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-16 |archive-date=2022-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163550/https://bwiza.com/?Uwayezu-Jean-Fidele-wahoze-mu-gisirikare-ni-we-utorewe-kuyobora-Rayon-Sport |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163832/https://abbagospel.net/Ibyo-wamenya-kuri-Rtd-Captain-Uwayezu-Jean-Fidele-Perezida-wa-Rayon-Sports-n.html</ref> == Amashakiro == {{reflist}} ba52v9hpv8wqfuvwij66ausqn2bb6su 0 12864 140101 136381 2026-09-25T09:06:44Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140101 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Irene Murindahabi''' ni [[Umugabekazi|umugabo]] w'umunya[[Rwanda Tribune|rwanda]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://amahumbezi.com/umunyamakuru-m-irene-yasezeye-isibo-tv |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-21 |archive-date=2022-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921101528/https://amahumbezi.com/umunyamakuru-m-irene-yasezeye-isibo-tv |url-status=dead }}</ref> wamenyekanye cyane mugisata cy[[imyidagaduro]] aho azwiho gufasha abahanzi nya[[rwanda]] aho bamwe muribo bafite impano abaha amahirwe yokuzamuka mwiterambere ryabo. Uyu [[Umugano|mugabo]] kandi azwi cyane k[[Urubuga ku micungire n'imiyoborere ya Interineti|urubuga]] rwa YouTube aho aba afiteho ibiganiro byishi nabahanzi naba sitari bagiye batandukanye arinabyo akeshi byatumye amenyekana akaba icyamamare. == Umwuga Akora == Irene Murindahabi ni Umunyamakuru wakoreye imwe muri televiziyo zizwi cyane mu [[Rwanda Mountain Tea|Rwanda]] yitwa "Isibo Tv".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://amahumbezi.com/umunyamakuru-m-irene-yasezeye-isibo-tv |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-21 |archive-date=2022-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921101528/https://amahumbezi.com/umunyamakuru-m-irene-yasezeye-isibo-tv |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ibitangazamakuru yanyuzemo @magicfmrwanda @isangostarofficial [@sundaynightshow) @isibotvofficial @thechoice_live. Ibyo yakoraga nibindi byose ubu yabikomereje Kuri Platform ya @[[mie_empire.rw]].<ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/hamenyekanye-icyatumye-irene-murindahabi-asezera-isibo-tv</ref>Irene Murindahabi anafasha abahanzi batandukanye harimo uwitwa Niyo Bosco mwakunze cyane mu ndirimbo nka ubugenzute, seka hamwe n’izindi, akanafasha itsinda rya Vestine na Dorcas bazwi mu ndirimbo zihimbaza Imana nka Adonai, Sibayali hamwe n’izindi. Uyu munsi akaba afasha abahanzi n'abadi<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/bavuze-n-akari-imurori-ukwitana-ba-mwana-k-umunyamakuru-m-irenee-n-umubyeyi-wa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-21 |archive-date=2022-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921201151/https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/bavuze-n-akari-imurori-ukwitana-ba-mwana-k-umunyamakuru-m-irenee-n-umubyeyi-wa |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT: Murindahabi, Irene}} [[Ikiciro:Abanyamakuru mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Imyidagaduro mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyamakuru]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyarwanda]] 71i5jh4wfuxdfzc95a8iq5w53olneyl 0 12981 140215 135671 2026-09-25T11:56:48Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140215 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ouchthathurt.jpg|thumb|Igikomere cyo ku kuboko]] Igikomere ni ukwangirika k'[[Umubiri|umubir]]<nowiki/>i . Ni jambo rusange ryerekeza kubibi biterwa n'impanuka, kugwa, gukubita,kwangizwa n'intwaro, n'ibindi byinshi. Umuntu ufite igikomere yitwa inkomere. Inkomere ziva ku zoroheje kugeza zangije [[ubuzima]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://injuries.cochrane.org/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-23 |archive-date=2022-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923110045/https://injuries.cochrane.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Gukomeretsa birashobora kubaho ku kazi cyangwa mu mikino, mu nzu cyangwa hanze, gutwara imodoka, cyangwa kugenda mu muhanda.<ref>https://medlineplus.gov/woundsandinjuries.html</ref> == Ubwoko bw'igikomere == === 1. Igikomere giterwa no kurumwa n'inyamanswa === Ubusanzwe [[inyamaswa]] zo mu gasozi zitinya abantu.Ariko hari igihe zishobora kuruma umuntu bikaba byamuviramo igikomere, ni gake kurumwa n'inyamanswa byangiza ubuzima ariko iyo inyamanswa yariye umuntu yanduye hashobora kuboneka igikomere gikomeye gisaba ubuvuzi bwisumbuyeho. === 2. Ubushye === [[Dosiye:Electrical burn exit wound.jpg|thumb|Ubushye bwatewe n'amashanyarazi]] Ubushye ni ukwangirika k'uturemangingo tugize [[Umubiri|umubir]]<nowiki/>i , ubushye buterwa n'ubushyuhe, imiti, amashanyarazi, urumuri rw'izuba, cyangwa imirasire. Amashakiro == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 2ggj7hbv62glw4eqr6ys9lc9qn9fbde 0 13088 140102 100478 2026-09-25T09:06:51Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140102 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima''' cyangwa '''ubwishingizi bw'ubuvuzi''' (bizwi kandi '''nk'ubuvuzi''' muri Afurika y'Epfo) ni ubwoko bw'ubwishingizi bukubiyemo ibintu byose cyangwa igice cy'ibyago by'umuntu ufite [[:en:Insurance|amafaranga]] yo kwivuza. Kimwe nubundi bwoko bwubwishingizi, ibyago bisangirwa mubantu benshi. Mugereranije ingaruka rusange ziterwa [[:en:Health_economics|nubuzima]] hamwe n’amafaranga [[:en:Medical_expenses|y’ubuzima]] arenga kuri pisine, umwishingizi arashobora guteza imbere imiterere yimari isanzwe, nka premium buri kwezi cyangwa [[:en:Health_risk|umusoro ku mushahara]], kugirango atange amafaranga yo kwishyura inyungu zubuzima zivugwa mu bwishingizi; amasezerano. <ref name="Vuongetal2017b">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664619</ref> Inyungu itangwa n’umuryango wo hagati, nkikigo cya leta, ubucuruzi bwigenga, cyangwa ikigo kidaharanira inyungu. [[:en:Health_Insurance_Association_of_America|shyirahamwe ry’ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima muri Amerika]] rivuga ko ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima busobanurwa nk "ubwishingizi buteganya kwishyura inyungu biturutse ku burwayi cyangwa ibikomere. Harimo ubwishingizi bw'igihombo cyatewe n'impanuka, amafaranga yo kwivuza, ubumuga, cyangwa urupfu rutunguranye no gutandukana <ref>http://kff.org/health-costs/report/how-private-insurance-works-a-primer/</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == # [[:en:Insurance_contract|Amasezerano]] hagati yabatanga ubwishingizi (urugero: isosiyete yubwishingizi cyangwa leta) numuntu cyangwa umuterankunga (uwo ni umukoresha cyangwa umuryango rusange). Amasezerano arashobora kongerwa (buri mwaka, buri kwezi) cyangwa ubuzima bwe bwose mugihe cyubwishingizi bwigenga. Irashobora kandi kuba itegeko kubenegihugu bose mugihe gahunda zigihugu. Ubwoko n'umubare w'amafaranga yo kwivuza azishyurwa n’ushinzwe ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima asobanurwa mu nyandiko, mu masezerano y’abanyamuryango cyangwa agatabo "Ibimenyetso byerekana ubwishingizi" ku bwishingizi bw’abikorera, cyangwa muri politiki y’ubuzima y’igihugu ku bwishingizi rusange. # (Amerika yihariye) Muri Amerika, hari ubwoko bubiri bwubwishingizi bwubuzima - abaterankunga baterwa inkunga n’abikorera ku giti cyabo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=How Insurance Works |url=https://www.hcsc.com/understanding-health-insurance/how-insurance-works |access-date=2019-11-21 |website=hcsc.com |language=en |archive-date=2021-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414025317/https://www.hcsc.com/understanding-health-insurance/how-insurance-works |url-status=dead }}</ref> Urugero rwa gahunda yubwishingizi yatewe inkunga nabikorera ni gahunda ya [[:en:Employee_Retirement_Income_Security_Act|ERISA]] yatewe inkunga nabakoresha. Isosiyete muri rusange yamamaza ko bafite imwe mu masosiyete akomeye y’ubwishingizi. Ariko, mubibazo bya ERISA, iyo societe yubwishingizi "ntabwo yishora mubikorwa byubwishingizi", barayiyobora. Kubwibyo, gahunda za ERISA ntabwo zigengwa n amategeko ya leta. Gahunda ya ERISA igengwa n'amategeko ya federasiyo iyobowe na Minisiteri ishinzwe umurimo muri Amerika (USDOL). Inyungu zihariye cyangwa amakuru arambuye tuyasanga muri Incamake Gahunda Ibisobanuro (SPD). Ubujurire bugomba kunyura mu kigo cyubwishingizi, hanyuma kuri Fiduciary yumukoresha. Niba bigikenewe, icyemezo cya Fiduciary kirashobora kuzanwa muri USDOL kugirango gisuzume niba ERISA yubahirizwa, hanyuma utange ikirego mu rukiko rw’ikirenga. === Inshingano z'umuntu ku giti cye zishobora gufata uburyo butandukanye: === Premium: Amafaranga abafite politiki cyangwa umuterankunga wabo (urugero umukoresha) yishyura gahunda yubuzima yo kugura ubwishingizi bwubuzima. (Amerika yihariye) Dukurikije amategeko y’ubuzima, igihembo kibarwa hakoreshejwe ibintu 5 byihariye bijyanye n’uwishingiwe. Izi ngingo ni imyaka, aho biherereye, ikoreshwa ry itabi, umuntu ku giti cye nu kwiyandikisha mumuryango, hamwe nicyiciro cyateganijwe uwishingiwe ahitamo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=How Health Insurance Marketplace Plans Set Your Premiums |url=https://www.healthcare.gov/how-plans-set-your-premiums/ |access-date=2019-10-23 |website=HealthCare.gov |language=en}}</ref> === Referances === [[Ikiciro:Health]] bzrgaap49wbrhw4ka8jvczxfuw9f4b4 0 13112 139985 133604 2026-09-24T13:22:23Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139985 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Paul Gitwaza .jpg|thumb|gitwaza umuyobozi wa zion tample washyizeho afurika haguruka]] [[Dosiye:Gisubizo Ministry in Bujumbura.jpg|thumb|Abaririmbyi mugiterane|295x295px]][[Dosiye:Gisubizo Ministry on Stage.jpg|thumb|Igiterane |292x292px]] [[Dosiye:Les Frères Guèdèhounguè en concert traditionnel au Bénin 04.jpg|thumb|Igiterane]] '''Afurika Haguruka''' ni igiterane ngaruka mwaka gitegurwa n' Umuryango Authentic word Ministry ukorera mu itorero rya zion Temple mu [[Rwanda]] == amateka == Afurika haguruka ni igiterane ngaruka mwaka kimaze imyaka kiba, bivuga ko cyatangiye mu mwaka wa 2000, kugeza ubu cyagiye kizana mpinduka mubuzima bw'abantu benshi cyane cyane abakirisitu ,mubijyanye n'iyobokamana ndetse n'indi misozi yose abantu babamo mubuzima busanzwe, afurika haguruka iba buri mwaka mu mezi y'impeshyi ,igiterane kibera no mubindi bihugu bya afurika ndetse kijyenda gihindura insanganyamatsiko bitewe n'umwaka.<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/africa-haguruka-igiye-kuba-hizihizwa-isabukuru-y-imyaka-25</ref> Umuyobozi mukuru wa Authentic word Ministry Intumwa Paul Dogiteri Gitwaza yahwe iryo yerekwa mu mwaka1995 ,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.africa-arise.com/africa-haguruka/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-27 |archive-date=2022-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927204517/http://www.africa-arise.com/africa-haguruka/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>https://www.africa-arise.com/</ref>avuga ko iki giterane gifitiye abanyafurka akamaro kanini cyane cyane kubijyanye ni iterambere ry,umugabane wa afurika ndetse no guhembuka kuyu mugabane muburyo bwose bijyanye no gusobunukirwa neza umugambi imana ifitiye [[afurika]]. == Ibindi Wamenya == [[Afurika]] haguruka rero ni ihuriro rusange ry'abanyafurika bizera Imana bahuzwa no gusengera hamwe ,no kwiga ibyakorwa kugirango uyu mugabane ubohoke kdi abawutuye bagire mpinduka mu misozi irindwi ariyo: Iyobokamana. Umuryango,Politiki, ubucuruzi, uburezi,Imikino n'Imyidagaduro, izo nyigisho kuri iyo misozi zahabwa abakirisitu bose ba zion temple ndetse n'inshuti zose zibasha kwitabira ayo mahugurwa ngaruka mwaka atangwa muri icyo giterane, buri mwaka izo nyigisho zitangwa mu gitondo ku rusengero rwa zion temple mu Gatenga amasaha y' igitondo, mugihe igiterane cy'ububyutse kiba ni mugoroba muri sitade. uyu mwaka rero wa 2022 igiterane cyabereye kumusozi mpindura mateka uherereye mu mudugudu wa Giheka, akagali ka Kagugu, umurenge wa Kinyinya, mu karere ka Gasabo akaba ariho zion Temple yubatse sitade yabereyemo igiterane. Iki igiterane uko kibaye burimwaka, hagiye habaho guhindukira kwabantu benshi baza kuri christo ndetse no guhindura amatwara y'abanyarwanda n'abanyafurika muri rusange bitewe n' inyigisho bagenda bahabwa mugihe cya afurika haguruka. Iki giterane rero cyabaye nkaho gifunguye ibikorwa by'iterambere byari byarateganijwe igihe kinini na Zion temple kuri uyu musozi umaze igihe waraguzwe. Umuyobozi mukuru wa zion Temple Intumwa Paul Dogiteri Gitwaza avuga kandi ko bazahahindura umusozi wamasengesho, aho abantu baza kuruhukira no guhembukira, abantu benshi bazajya bava mubihugu bitandukanye baze kuhakorera umwiherero n'imiryango yabo, avuga kdi ko hazategurwa neza kuburyo buri muntu wese azahisanga akaryoherwa ki agahembuka mu muburiri no mumwuka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imyemerere/ibiterane/article/afurika-haguruka-igiye-kubera-ku-musozi-wa-giheka-i-kagugu |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-27 |archive-date=2022-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927204518/https://igihe.com/imyemerere/ibiterane/article/afurika-haguruka-igiye-kubera-ku-musozi-wa-giheka-i-kagugu |url-status=dead }}</ref> <references /> [[Ikiciro:Iyobokamana]] mwdl1ukdfxsjfx5tiaijud0tsetl2u6 0 13157 140103 100258 2026-09-25T09:06:58Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140103 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Eden Gardens under floodlights during a match.jpg|thumb|cricket ]] [[Dosiye:Ken Griffey Jr. Passed Ball (cropped).jpg|thumb|Criket]] '''Cricket''' ni umukino wa [[:en:Bat-and-ball_games|bat-and-ball game]] ukinwa hagati yamakipe abiri yabakinnyi cumi numwe kumurima rwagati rwagati ni ikibuga 22-yard (20-metre) gifite [[:en:Cricket_field|umwannya]] kuri buri mpera, buri kimwe kigizwe nimpande ebyiri zingana kuri stump eshatu. Uruhande rwumukino watsinze rwiruka mukubita umupira watsindagiye kuri wiketi hanyuma ukiruka hagati yikibuga, mugihe uruhande rwo gukinira hamwe numwanya rugerageza kuburizamo (mukubuza umupira kuva mukibuga, no kugeza umupira kuri wiketi ) no kwirukana buri bateri (nuko "basohotse"). Mu buryo bwo kwirukanwa harimo gukubitwa, iyo umupira ukubise igishyitsi ukanatanga ingwate, kandi kuruhande rwikibuga haba gufata umupira nyuma yo gukubitwa, ariko mbere yuko ikubita hasi, cyangwa gukubita wiketi umupira mbere bateri irashobora kwambuka igikoma imbere ya wiketi. Iyo abakinnyi icumi basezerewe, imipira irangira kandi amakipe ahinduranya inshingano. Umukino ucibwa [[:en:Match_referee|nabasifuzi]] babiri, bafashijwe numusifuzi wa gatatu numusifuzi wumukino mumikino mpuzamahanga. Bavugana nabatanga amanota abiri hanze yikibuga bandika amakuru yimibare yimikino. == Umuco == === Ingaruka mubuzima bwa buri munsi === [[Dosiye:WGGrace.jpg|thumb|Umukinnyi w’umukinnyi w’icyongereza WG Grace "gufata izamu" mu 1883. Uturindantoki twahindutse mu buryo runaka. Abakinnyi benshi ba kijyambere bakoresha ibikoresho byo kwirwanaho kuruta kuboneka kwa Grace, cyane cyane ingofero nabashinzwe kurinda amaboko.]] Cricket yagize uruhare runini ku muco uzwi, haba muri [[:en:Commonwealth_of_Nations|Commonwealth y'ibihugu]] n'ahandi. Nkurugero, ryagize ingaruka [[:en:Lexicon|kumvugo yibi]] bihugu, cyane cyane ururimi rwicyongereza, hamwe ninteruro zitandukanye nka "iyo ntabwo ari cricket" (ibyo birenganya), "yagize imipira myiza " (yabayeho igihe kirekire) na " wiketi ifatika " . "Kuri wiketi ifatanye" ( ''bita'' "imbwa ifatanye" cyangwa "inkono ya kole") <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=SC3cBXfj4UcC&pg=PA73</ref> ni ikigereranyo <ref name="CalliesKeller2011">https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofjarg00jona/page/528</ref> gikoreshwa mu gusobanura ibintu bitoroshye. Yatangiye nkijambo ryibihe bigoye byo gukina muri cricket, biterwa nikibuga cyoroshye kandi cyoroshye. <ref name="Hendrickson2001">https://archive.org/details/worldenglishfrom00hend</ref> === Mubuhanzi numuco uzwi === Cricket ni ingingo yibikorwa byabasizi b'icyongereza bazwi, barimo [[:en:William_Blake|William Blake]] na [[:en:Lord_Byron|Lord Byron]]. <ref name="art">Smart, Alastair (20 July 2013). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-features/10191131/The-art-of-cricket-Enough-to-leave-you-stumped.html "The art of cricket: Enough to leave you stumped"], ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved 12 March 2016.</ref> ''Kurenga Umupaka'' (1963), wanditswe na Trinidadian [[:en:Special:BookSources/87-7289-096-7|CLR James]], ukunze kwitwa igitabo cyiza kuri siporo iyo ari yo yose yanditswe. <ref>Rosengarten, Frank (2007). ''Urbane Revolutionary: C. L. R. James and the Struggle for a New Society''. University Press of Mississippi, {{ISBN|87-7289-096-7}} p. 134</ref> === Referances === [[Ikiciro:Imikino]] gmip52avgjpxljtxburab7gsvjigw64 0 13163 140216 108282 2026-09-25T11:56:55Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140216 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Logo SavetheChildren.png|thumb|Ikirango cy'umuryango wa Save the children.]] [[Dosiye:Save the Children, Westport, CT, USA 2012.jpg|thumb|320x320px|save the children westport]] '''Save the Children''' ni umuryango utegamiye kuri leta urengera [[:fr:Droits_de_l'enfant|uburenganzira bw'abana]] ku isi <ref>[http://www.savethechildren.net Site officiel Save the Children]</ref> . Uyu muryango urigaragaza nka umuryango munini wigenga ku isi ukorera abana ". == Imiterere == Yashizeho ihuriro mpuzamahanga (Alliance International Save the Children <ref name="alliance internationale SC">[https://www.savethechildren.net/about-us/our-structure/ Structure internationale de Save the Children], sur www.savethechildren.net</ref> ) ubunyamabanga bwayo bukaba i [https://www.savethechildren.net/about-us/our-structure/ Londres] kandi bugenzura kandi bugahuza ibiro 27 by’igihugu Save the Children. Buri biro bikora bifasha abana mugihugu cyacyo, ariko no mumahanga.I [[:fr:New_York|New York]], [[:fr:Genève|Geneve]] na [[:fr:Bruxelles|Bruxelles]], Save the Children ifite ibiro politiki »Yagize uruhare mu guhindura imirimo, haba ku [[Umuryango w’Abibumye|Muryango w’abibumbye]] cyangwa ku [[Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Ibihugu by’i Burayi|Muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi]], kugira ngo huzuzwe imikoranire n’umuryango w’abibumbye n’abandi.[[Dosiye:Eglantyne Jebb Geneve 02.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa Eglantyne Jebb, washinze umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku mibereho myiza y’abana ku kibuga cya ICRC i Geneve .]] == Amateka == === Gutangira === Amateka <ref name="histoire">[https://www.savethechildren.net/about-us/100-years-children Historique de Save the Children - Save the Children]</ref> ya Save the Children itangirira i Londres mu [[:fr:1919|1919]], hashyizweho ishyirahamwe ryambere ''Save the Children''. Umwaka ukurikira ,. ubumwe mpuzamahanga "ishingiye. Azaba ku isonga mu guharanira uburenganzira bw'abana ku rwego mpuzamahanga, kubera ko ari we uzategura ". Itangazo rya Geneve ”, Yemejwe n'Umuryango [[:fr:Société_des_Nations|w'Abibumbye]] mu 1924 kandi ibanziriza amasezerano [[:fr:Convention_internationale_des_droits_de_l'enfant|mpuzamahanga yerekeye uburenganzira bw'umwana]] wo mu [[:fr:1989|1989]] .Mu gihe [[:fr:Grande_Dépression|cy'ihungabana rikomeye]] [[:fr:Seconde_Guerre_mondiale|n'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose]], Save the Children yakomeje ibikorwa byayo, cyane cyane tubikesha imiryango yo mu bihugu bidafite aho bibogamiye yakoraga mu izina ry'abo mu bihugu by'intambara.Ihuriro mpuzamahanga ni bisanzwe  ryakozwe muri Kamena 1989 , amezi ane mbere yuko iyemezwa <ref>[https://www.savethechildren.net/about-us/our-story savethechildren : Notre histoire]. En 1989, l'a voté la Convention relative aux droits de l'enfant.</ref> [[:fr:Convention_relative_aux_droits_de_l'enfant|ry’amasezerano yerekeye uburenganzira bw’umwana]], riba ishingiro ry’ibikorwa byose Save the Children .Umuryango utegamiye kuri Leta wahagaritse ibikorwa byawo muri [[Koreya y’Amajyaruguru|Koreya ya Ruguru]] mu mwaka wa 2018, ukaba utagishoboye gutanga ubufasha bw'ikiremwamuntu kubera ibihano mpuzamahanga <ref>[https://www.francetvinfo.fr/replay-radio/en-direct-du-monde/en-coree-du-nord-les-sanctions-de-l-onu-ralentissent-l-aide-humanitaire_3033219.html En Corée du Nord, les sanctions de l'ONU ralentissent l'aide humanitaire], ''France Info'', 28 novembre 2018</ref> . == Ibihembo == * 1994 :batsindiye [[:fr:Prix_Princesse_des_Asturies#Concorde|igihembo cya Princess of Asturias Award for Concord]]. * 2013 : 40 imiryango [[:fr:Organisation_non_gouvernementale|itegamiye kuri Leta]] ku Isi nk'uko ikinyamakuru ''The Global Journal'' === Referances === [[Ikiciro:Health]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuzima]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuzima Bwabana]] ry5wagxi29xkypv88j4sed5mcsdhw2c 0 13233 140011 139031 2026-09-24T13:25:30Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140011 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Pharmacy-nl.JPG|thumb|173x173px|Farumasi]] [[Dosiye:Siglăfarmacii.png|thumb|Ikirango kigaragaza farumasi.|170x170px]] '''Farumasi''' ni [[:en:Health_science|siyanse]] [[Ubuvuzi|yubuvuzi ihuza siyanse yubuvuzi]] na [[:en:Chemistry|chimie]] kandi ishinzwe kuvumbura, gukora, kujugunya, gukoresha neza kandi neza, no kugenzura [[:en:Medication|imiti]] [[:en:Medication|n'indi miti yose]]. Hari na Farumasi nkurubuga rwikoranabuhanga ruhuza abarwayi nama farumasi afite imiti bifuza. Urwo rubuga rwa [https://farumasi.com FARUMASI] ruboneka kuri [https://farumasi.com farumasi.com] aho ushobora gusanga imiti wifuza kugiciro gitoya bitewe nuko ubasha kwihitaramo farumasi wifuza utavuye aho uri. kompanyi yitwa [https://eps.farumasi.com E-PHARMA Services Rwanda ltd] niyo yakoze uru rubuga rwa [https://farumasi.com FARUMASI] murwego rwo gufasha abanyarwanda kubona imiti muburyo bworoshye bitabasabye kuzenguruka ama farumasi menshi. [https://farumasi.com FARUMASI] kandi ifasha andi ma farumasi kwagura isoko ryubukiruzi bakabasha gufasha nabarwayi bakure. <ref name=":1" /> Kurundi ruhande, Imyitozo ya farumasi isaba ubumenyi buhebuje bw'ibiyobyabwenge, uburyo bw'ibikorwa, ingaruka, imikoranire, kugenda n'uburozi. Mu gihe kimwe, bisaba ubumenyi bwo kuvura no gusobanukirwa inzira y'indwara. Impuguke zimwe z'aba farumasi, nkiz’aba farumasi b’amavuriro, zisaba ubundi buhanga, urugero ubumenyi bujyanye no kubona no gusuzuma amakuru yumubiri na laboratoire. <ref name="Thomas_2019">https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jp7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1</ref> == Ibikorwa Bya Farumasi == [[Dosiye:Pharmacologyprism.jpg|thumb|Ishusho igaragaza ibyiciro bitanu by'ibanze by'ubushakashatsi mu bumenyi bwa farumasi.|174x174px]] Ibikorwa bya farumasi bikubiyemo inshingano gakondo nko [[:en:Compounding|guhuza]] no gutanga imiti, kandi ikubiyemo serivisi zigezweho zijyanye no [[Ubuvuzi|kwita ku buzima]], harimo serivisi z’amavuriro, gusuzuma imiti y’umutekano n’ingirakamaro, no gutanga amakuru y’ibiyobyabwenge. [[:en:Pharmacist|Abafarumasiye]] rero, ni inzobere mu kuvura ibiyobyabwenge kandi ni inzobere mu buzima bw’ibanze zitezimbere gukoresha imiti ku nyungu z’abarwayi. == Ababigize umwuga == Ishami [[:en:World_Health_Organization|ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima]] rivuga ko ku isi hari byibuze miliyoni 2.6 z'aba farumasi n'abandi bakozi ba farumasi. <ref>World Health Organization. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110518070423/http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2011/en/index.html ''World Health Statistics 2011''] – Table 6: Health workforce, infrastructure, and essential medicines. Geneva, 2011. Accessed 21 July 2011.</ref> === Abafarumasiye === Abafarumasiye ni inzobere mu [[:en:Healthcare_profession|by'ubuzima]] zifite uburezi n’amahugurwa yihariye bakora imirimo itandukanye kugira ngo abarwayi [[:en:Health|babo]] babone umusaruro mwiza binyuze mu gukoresha imiti neza. [[:en:Pharmacist|Abafarumasiye]] barashobora kandi kuba ba rwiyemezamirimo bato, bafite farumasi bakoreramo. Kubera ko abafarumasiye bazi uburyo bwimikorere yibiyobyabwenge runaka, ningaruka za metabolisme ningaruka za physiologique kumubiri wumuntu kuburyo burambuye, bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imiti ivura umuntu. [[Dosiye:Pharmacy, Medicine Store, DrugsBank.jpg|thumb|farumasia|201x201px]] === Abakozi bunganira farumas === === Abatekinisiye ba farumasi === Abatekinisiye ba farumasi bashyigikira umurimo w’aba farumasi n’abandi bahanga mu buzima bakora imirimo itandukanye ijyanye na farumasi, harimo gutanga imiti yandikiwe n’ibindi bikoresho by’ubuvuzi no kubigisha kubikoresha. Barashobora kandi gukora imirimo yubuyobozi mubikorwa bya farumasi, nko gusuzuma ibyifuzo byandikirwa mubiro byubuvuzi hamwe n’amasosiyete yubwishingizi kugirango imiti ikwiye itangwe kandi ubwishyu bwakiriwe.<ref name=":1">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy</ref> === Referances === [[Ikiciro:Health]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuzima]] <references /><ref><nowiki>https://eps.farumasi.com</nowiki> </ref> t11lyjgnvafqu7w08lxo48tnjozyhw4 0 13448 140219 137016 2026-09-25T11:57:15Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140219 wikitext text/x-wiki == Akarere ka Gasabo == [[Akarere ka Gasabo|GASABO]] ni kamwe mu turere dutatu(3) tugize umujyi wa [[Kigali City Tower|KIGALI]] mu Rwandagaherereye mu majyaruguru y'iburasirazuba y'umujyi wa kigali Icyicaro cya karere giherereye mu Murenge wa Remera, mu Kagari ka Nyarutarama. Akarere ka [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gasabo]] gahana imbibi n’utu Turere: Kicukiro: mu Majyepfo. [[Gicumbi Fc|Gicumbi]] mu Majyaruguru. [[Rwamagana Fc|Rwamagana]]: mu Burasirazuba. Nyarugenge: mu burengerazuba Menya byinshi<ref>GASABO DISTRICT - Search (bing.com)</ref> Akarere ka [[Akarere ka Gasabo|GASABO]] kagizwe n'imirenge cumi nitanu(15) utugari mirongo irindwi nadutatu(73) imidugudu 485 kakaba gafite ubuso bungana na 430.30km square Akarere ka [[Akarere ka Gasabo|GASABO]] gafite abaturage bangana na 530,907 batuye kubucucike bungana na 1,237 km square<ref>Ahabanza (gasabo.gov.rw)</ref>. == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} d3l12ml4wt60z46wkhevfly3vg0pmec 0 13570 140070 118114 2026-09-25T09:03:07Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140070 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Awatef Abdel Karim''' (8 Gashyantare 1931 - 24 Mata 2021) yari Umunya[[misiri]] wandikaga amanota y'umuziki wa kera wa kontamporere. Karim niwe mugore wa mbere w'umunyamisiri w'umwanditsi w'amanota ya muzika wize ku mugaragaro kwandika amanota ya muzika. Yahimbye amanota ya muzika ya piyano, viyole, korari, na orukesitere, kandi yanditse umuziki w'abana. Mu 1991, yasimbuye Gamal Abdel-Rahim nk'umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe guhimba amanota ya muzika no kuyobora ishami rya Cairo Conservatoire, akora kuri uwo mwanya kugeza mu 1997. Igitabo cyavuguruwe cy’igitabo cye cyitwa, ''Music Appreciation of Nineteenth Century Music'' cyasohowe mu 2005 i Cairo. Yahawe igihembo cya Leta cy’icyubahiro muri Kamena 2006. Abanyeshuri be bazwi cyane barimo Ahmed El-Saedi, Ali Osman, na Mohamed Abdelwahab Abdelfattah. == Ibihangano == * ''Nine Pieces for Children'', piano [[Ikiciro:Umuziki]] p85nd795wgbefc4n0xqvt4ler56auct 0 13681 140130 101233 2026-09-25T09:10:08Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140130 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amategeko y’ibidukikije''' ni ijambo rusange rikubiyemo ingingo z’amategeko arengera ibidukikije. <ref>Phillipe Sands (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law. 2nd Edition. p. xxi Available at Accessed 19 February 2020</ref> Gahunda ifitanye isano ariko itandukanye yubutegetsi bugenga amategeko, ubu yatewe cyane n’amahame y’ibidukikije, yibanda ku micungire y’umutungo '''kamere''', nk’amashyamba, amabuye y'agaciro, cyangwa uburobyi. Ibindi bice, nko gusuzuma ingaruka z’ibidukikije, ntibishobora kuba bihuye neza muri ibyo byiciro, ariko nubwo ari ibintu byingenzi bigize amategeko y’ibidukikije == Amateka == ngero zambere zishyirwaho namategeko zagenewe kubungabunga ibidukikije, kubwinyungu zayo cyangwa kwishimira abantu, tubisanga mumateka. Mu mategeko asanzwe, uburinzi bwibanze bwabonetse mu mategeko abangamira, ariko ibyo byemereraga gusa ibikorwa by’abikorera ku byangiritse cyangwa ibihano iyo hari ibyangiritse ku butaka. Rero, impumuro ituruka ku ngurube, <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldred's_Case</ref> uburyozwacyaha bukomeye bwo guta imyanda, <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_v_Stephens</ref> cyangwa kwangizwa n'ingomero ziturika. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rylands_v_Fletcher</ref> Abikorera ku giti cyabo ariko, bari bake kandi wasangaga bidahagije kugira ngo bahangane n’ibibazo byangiza ibidukikije, cyane cyane ibangamira umutungo rusange. Mugihe cya " Impumuro nziza " yo mu 1858, guta imyanda mu ruzi rwa Thames byatangiye kunuka cyane mu gihe cy'izuba ku buryo Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yagombaga kwimurwa. Igitangaje ni uko itegeko rya Metropolitan Commission of Sewers Act 1848 ryemereye komisiyo ya Metropolitan ishinzwe abadozi gufunga imyanda ikikije umujyi bagerageza "kweza" ariko ibyo byatumye abantu banduza uruzi. Mu minsi 19, Inteko ishinga amategeko yemeje irindi tegeko ryo kubaka gahunda y’imyanda ya Londres. Londres nayo yahuye n’umwanda ukabije [[Imyuka Ihumanya Ikirere|w’ikirere]], kandi ibyo byaje kurangira muri " Umwotsi Ukomeye " wo mu 1952, ari nawo watumye hashyirwaho amategeko ubwayo: Itegeko ry’ikirere cyiza 1956 . Inzego z’ibanze zashyizweho zari ugushiraho imipaka ku byuka bihumanya ingo n’ubucuruzi (cyane cyane gutwika amakara ) mu gihe ubugenzuzi bwubahiriza kubahiriza. == Kurwanya umwanda == [[Dosiye:Alfred Palmer Smokestacks.jpg|thumb|Guhumanya ikirere mu nganda ubu bigengwa n’amategeko agenga ikirere]] Amategeko y’ikirere govern the emission of <span>Igice cyihariye cyamategeko yubuziranenge bwikirere agenga</span> ubwiza bwumwuka imbere yinyubako <span>.</span> <span>Amategeko y’ikirere akunze gushyirwaho mu rwego rwo kurengera ubuzima bw’abantu mu kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere.</span> <span>Ibindi bikorwa byateguwe kugirango bikemure ibibazo by’ibidukikije bigari, nk’imipaka y’imiti igira ingaruka kuri</span> ozone layer <span>, hamwe na</span> gahunda yubucuruzi bwohereza ibyuka <span>kugirango bakemure</span> imvura ya aside <span>cyangwa</span> imihindagurikire y’ikirere <span>.</span> <span>Imbaraga zishinzwe kugenzura zirimo kumenya no gutondekanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, gushyiraho imipaka kurwego rwemewe rwoherezwa mu kirere, no gutegeka tekinoroji ikenewe cyangwa ikwiye.</span> [[Dosiye:Discharge pipe.jpg|thumb|Ubusanzwe amazi yimvura asohoka, hubahirijwe amategeko yubuziranenge bwamazi]] === Ubwiza === === References === ds1n3gifr2ar6e0j8w5cgdwsdg8qxad 0 13687 140031 90529 2026-09-24T13:27:57Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140031 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ubwoko bwibicu''' ni urutonde rw'amagambo cumi n'ane akoreshwa mu gusobanura imiterere n'imimerere yibicu. Buri cyiciro gifite izina rigufi mu ijambo rigufi rigizwe n'inyuguti eshatu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Weather Facts: Accessory clouds &#124; weatheronline.co.uk |url=http://www.weatheronline.co.uk/reports/wxfacts/Cloud-species.htm"}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Genera and species |url=https://cloudatlas.wmo.int/en/abbr-and-symbols-of-clouds-table-genera-species.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cloud classification summary |url=https://cloudatlas.wmo.int/en/cloud-classification-summary.html}}</ref> [[Dosiye:Cumulus_congestus_and_cumulonimbus_calvus.jpg|thumb| '''Cumulus congestus''' ni icyiciro cya mbere ubona ku gicu.]] == Reba == {{Reflist}} jttjq16j8abjwz5prp15g0dyxiy8nqi 0 13694 140012 90539 2026-09-24T13:25:38Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140012 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ikigo gishinzwe ubumenyi bw’ikirere''' (CICS) giteza imbere ubufatanye bw’ubushakashatsi hagati y’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’inyanja n’ikirere (NOAA) / Ibiro by’ubushakashatsi bw’inyanja n’ikirere (OAR) Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) na kaminuza ya Princeton. Nimwe mubigo 16 byamakoperative NOAA (CIs). <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Cooperative Institutes |url=http://ci.noaa.gov/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2014-04-26 |publisher=NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research}}</ref> Insanganyamatsiko yubushakashatsi bwa CICS ni: * Sisitemu yisi * Ibinyabuzima * Inzira zo ku nkombe * Paleoclimate == Reba == {{Reflist}} a8buk73qy16xzz2fp2sslji2e1khsbj 0 13703 140176 138980 2026-09-25T09:45:09Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140176 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Airmen support Rwandan Defense Force troop rotation.png|thumb]] '''Sisitemu y’umubiri''' ni icyifuzo kitavugwaho rumwe, bivugwa ko ari ingaruka za hypothesis ya Gaia. Igitekerezo cya Gaia kivuga ko isi yose ishobora gufatwa nkibinyabuzima kimwe (Gaia). Nk'ibinyabuzima byigenga, Isi yaba ifite sisitemu y'umubiri runaka kugira ngo ibungabunge ubuzima bwayo. [[Dosiye:Weapons-01.png|thumb]] Bamwe mu bashyigikiye iki gitekerezo cy’ibihimbano, nk'urugero, bemeza ko abantu bashobora gufatwa nk '" ubwandu " bwa Gaia, kandi ko [[SIDA]] ari igerageza ry’ubu buryo bwo kwirinda indwara. " [[Kanseri]] " ishobora kuba ijambo risobanutse neza, kuko abantu bahindutse muri Gaia, kandi ntabwo ari abateye hanze. Ibinyuranye ni uko abantu ari ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wa Gaia ubwabwo, wenda byahindutse kugira ngo birinde amakuba azaza nka Permian na Cretaceous kuzimangana kw'ibinyabuzima. [[Igitabo]] cya James Lovelock " Kwihorera kwa Gaia " cyerekana ko Gaia ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukuraho umuco wangiza bitewe n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere hamwe n’ubushyuhe bukabije bw’isi, ariko byerekana ko hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwiyongera buturuka ku zuba, ubushobozi bwa Gaia bwo "gusubira inyuma" nkuko byagenze nyuma yibyabaye bya Permiya na Cretaceous, birashobora guhungabana. [[Dosiye:Veere (NL), Haven, Kanonen -- 2022 -- 5101.jpg|thumb]] Paul Hawken atanga igitekerezo muri ''Blessed Unrest'' ko iyo Isi ifatwa nk'ubuzima sisitemu y’umubiri y’isi igizwe na miliyoni cyangwa imiryango hafi ya yose ku isi ikorera mu butabera, ibidukikije, n’uburenganzira bw’abasangwabutaka. Amenshi muri ayo matsinda ahujwe binyuze kuri interineti nubundi buryo kuburyo hariho urusobe runini rwabantu bahujwe nitsinda rikora kurinda isi, abantu bayo, nibiremwa byose. Kurugero, umuryango umwe ukora kugirango uhuze amatsinda akora ku mbaraga zirambye ni Inforse muri Danimarike. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2015 |title=International Network for Sustainable Energy |url=http://www.inforse.org/ |access-date=31 May 2015 |website=INFORSE}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} ; '''Bibliografiya''' * {{Cite web |last=Bailey |first=Ronald |date=31 July 2002 |title=Defenders of Earth. Are humans Gaia's immune system? |url=http://reason.com/archives/2002/07/31/defenders-of-earth |access-date=31 May 2015 |website=Reason.com}} * {{Cite web |last=Lehman |first=Andy |date=12 April 2003 |title=Subtle Psychopathy and Schizophrenic Supermen: Gandhi Was a Cultural Oncologist |url=http://www.newciv.org/nl/newslog.php/_v68/__show_article/_a000068-000018.htm |access-date=31 May 2015 |website=New Civilization Network}} *   *   axp3tyuoxhhi97rek335qvra2v0i609 0 13721 139991 90580 2026-09-24T13:23:06Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139991 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gahunda yo gutwara abantu n'ibintu n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe''' muri 2010 muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zasinye amasezerano, agamije kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bituruka ku mavuta y’ibinyabiziga, biva mumajyaruguru y’uburasirazuba bw'Amerika bakoresheje sisiteme yitwa (A Cap and Trade) ku batanga ibicuruzwa byinshi. <ref name="wbur">[https://www.wbur.org/earthwhile/2019/10/01/massachusetts-carbon-cap-emissions-agreement-tci-rggi Mass. Part Of Regional Effort To Drive Down Emissions From Gas And Diesel]</ref> Itangazamakuru ryavuze kandi ko gahunda ari '''amasezerano y’ikirere cy’amajyaruguru y’iburasirazuba.''' Ububasha bwitabiriye ibiganiro ni Akarere ka Columbia na leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika za Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, na Virginia. <ref name="wbur">[https://www.wbur.org/earthwhile/2019/10/01/massachusetts-carbon-cap-emissions-agreement-tci-rggi Mass. Part Of Regional Effort To Drive Down Emissions From Gas And Diesel]</ref> Inyinshi muri izo nkiko zimaze kugira uruhare muri gahunda yo gutangiza ingufu za parike yo mu karere, nagahunda yo kubungabunga ibidukikije no gucuruza ibidahumanya ikirere biva mu mashanyarazi. Niba gahunda yarashyizwe mubikorwa, ibiciro bya lisansi mubihugu byitabiriye byari kwiyongera. Ikigereranyo cyari hagati ya 5 na 24 kuri gallon mu 2023. Abayobozi ba politiki na bo bari bafite impungenge ko umusoro uzagera ku bakene cyane. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2021 |title=Rising gas prices are fueling opposition to Transportation Climate Initiative |url=https://ctmirror.org/2021/11/17/rising-gas-prices-arent-the-only-obstacle-blocking-ct-transportation-climate-initiative/}}</ref> Icyifuzo cyatandukanijwe mugihe cy'icyorezo cya COVID-19 muri Amerika. Massachusetts yavuye muri ayo masezerano mu Gushyingo 2021, avuga ko hashyizweho ubundi buryo bwo gutera inkunga "kuzamura imihanda, ibiraro ndetse na sisitemu yo gutwara abantu n'ibintu no kwita kubidukikije". <ref>[https://www.wcvb.com/article/gov-baker-pulling-massachusetts-out-of-transportation-climate-initiative-compact/38293906# Gov. Baker pulling Massachusetts out of Transportation Climate Initiative compact - "At the same time, the new federal infrastructure funding package, American Rescue Plan investments, as well as tax revenue surpluses generated by Massachusetts' strong economic recovery make the Commonwealth better positioned to upgrade its roads, bridges and public transportation systems"]</ref> Intara ya nyuma yo kuvaho ni Rhode Island. == Reba == <references /> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://www.transportationandclimate.org/ Gutwara abantu no gutangiza ikirere] 6xaac2mjs7f56l9a1gfvoft8jinz25f 0 13810 140043 90776 2026-09-24T13:29:21Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140043 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Soil food webUSDA.jpg|thumb|Urugero rwurubuga rwibiribwa bya topologiya (ishusho tuyikesha ]] '''Urubuga rwibiryo byubutaka''' ni umuryango wibinyabuzima bibaho byose cyangwa igice cyubuzima bwabo mubutaka. Irasobanura uburyo bugoye bwo kubaho mubutaka nuburyo bukorana nibidukikije, ibimera, ninyamaswa. [[:en:Food_webs|Urubuga rwibiryo]] rusobanura ihererekanyabubasha hagati yubwoko [[Urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima|bwibinyabuzima]]. Mugihe urunigi rwibiryo rusuzuma inzira imwe, umurongo, imbaraga zinyuze mubidukikije, urubuga rwibiryo ruragoye kandi rwerekana inzira zose zishoboka. Byinshi muri izo mbaraga byimuwe bituruka ku zuba. Ibimera bikoresha ingufu zizuba kugirango bihindure ibinyabuzima bidafite ingufu, ibinyabuzima bikungahaye, bihindure dioxyde de carbone n imyunyu ngugu mubikoresho byibimera na fotosintezeza. Indabyo ziterwa ziva mu mbuto zikungahaye cyane ku butaka no mu mizi y’ibimera zisohora aside, isukari, na ectoenzymes muri rhosikori, bigahindura [[:en:PH|pH]] no kugaburira urubuga rwibiryo munsi yubutaka. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0124735439</ref> <ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1540314</ref> <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=YdQg-YoghHEC&pg=PA28</ref> Ibimera byitwa [[:en:Autotroph|autotrophs]] kuko bikora imbaraga zabyo; bitwa kandi ababikora kuko bitanga ingufu ziboneka kubindi binyabuzima kurya. [[:en:Heterotroph|Heterotrophs]] ni abaguzi badashobora gukora ibiryo byabo. Kugirango babone ingufu barya ibimera cyangwa izindi heterotrophs. == Ubushakashatsi == miterere yubutaka ituma kwitegereza neza ibiryo byibiribwa bigorana. Kubera ko ibinyabuzima byubutaka bifite ubunini kuva munsi ya 0.1&nbsp;mm (nematode) kugeza kurenza 2&nbsp;mm (inzoka zisi) hariho inzira nyinshi zitandukanye zo kuzikuramo. Ingero zubutaka akenshi zifatwa hifashishijwe icyuma. Makrofauna nini nk'inzoka [[:en:Earthworm|zo mu isi]] hamwe [[:en:Larva|n'udukoko]] tw’udukoko birashobora gukurwaho n'intoki, ariko ibi ntibishoboka kuri nematode ntoya hamwe na arthropodes. Uburyo bwinshi bwo gukuramo ibinyabuzima bito bifite imbaraga; biterwa n'ubushobozi bwibinyabuzima bwo kuva mu butaka. Kurugero, [[:en:Tullgren_funnel|umuyoboro wa Berlese]], ukoreshwa mugukusanya [[:en:Arthropod|arthropodes]] ntoya, ukora urumuri / ubushyuhe mukigereranyo cyubutaka. Mugihe microarthropodes igenda, kure yumucyo nubushyuhe, bigwa mumurongo no mumashanyarazi. Uburyo busa, [[:en:Tullgren_funnel|Baermann funnel]], ikoreshwa kuri nematode. Umuyoboro wa Baerman utose, ariko (mugihe umuyoboro wa Berlese wumye) kandi ntabwo biterwa nurumuri / ubushyuhe. Nematode iva mu butaka ikajya munsi ya ruhurura kuko, uko igenda, iba yuzuye amazi kandi ntishobora koga. Ubutaka bwa mikorobe zirangwa muburyo bwinshi butandukanye. Igikorwa cya mikorobe gishobora gupimwa nubuhumekero bwabo no kurekura karuboni. Ibice bigize selile ya mikorobe birashobora gukurwa mubutaka kandi bigashyirwa ahagaragara, cyangwa biomass ya mikorobe irashobora kubarwa mugupima ubutaka mbere na nyuma yumwotsi. == Ubwoko bwurubuga rwibiryo == Hariho ubwoko butatu bwibiryo byerekana urubuga: ibiryo bya topologiya (cyangwa gakondo), ibiryo bitemba hamwe nimbuga zikorana. Uru rubuga rushobora gusobanura sisitemu haba hejuru no munsi yubutaka. * Topological webs * Flow webs * Interaction web === References === 7a6xw9eoetnfgz5rrrbpo19of53nwrk 0 13859 140056 90857 2026-09-24T13:37:26Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140056 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umwuzure w’Uruzi rw'umuhondo mu mwaka wa 1194''' wari urukurikirane rw'ibiza byibasiye uruzi rw'umuhondo mu [[Ubushinwa|bushinwa]] mu gihe cy'ingoma ya Jurchen Jin. Umuyoboro munini wakoreshejwe mu gutanga ubutabazi bunini, ariko umwuzure wangije igice kinini cy’ikibaya cy’amajyaruguru y’[[Ubushinwa]], uhungabanya ubukungu bw’akarere, kandi urema ubwinshi bw'impunzi ibihumbi. Yahinduye inzira yumugezi wumuhondo uva ku ruzi rwa Hai unyuze kuri Tianjin ya none mugihe [[Umwuzure w'umugezi w'umuhondo mu 1048|cyumwuzure wabaye mu 1048]] kandi nanone wahinduye burundu (unagabanya) inzira y'umugezi wa Si muri Shandong. Inzira yahoze muri Huai ntiyari ikiboneka igihe uruzi rwumuhondo rwongeye guhinduka, kuko rwasize inyuma metero 4 – 6 zicyondo. == Amashakiro == {{Reflist|2}} lzdswkbt38voem02etb3lf4jrwnrdc6 0 13868 140071 90866 2026-09-25T09:03:14Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140071 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umwuzure w’umugezi w’umuhondo 1448''' ni impanuka ikomeye yibasiye ''li'' zirenga 2000 (hafi kilometero 700) z'umugezi w'Umuhondo. Umwuzure wugarije gusenya icyambu kinini cya Linqing kandi bituma ingoma ya Ming yubaka imirimo rusange i Shawan kugirango wirinde ko bitazongera kubaho ukundi. Amabanki n'ibiti byamaraga imyaka ine gusa kugeza ku umwuzure wo mu mwaka wa 1452 . == Amashakiro == {{Reflist|2}} 9ptalh12rv1yqh8d23us114gq6w4wqa 0 13870 140072 90868 2026-09-25T09:03:20Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140072 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umwuzure w’umugezi w’Umuhondo mu mwaka wa 1453''' wari ibiza karemano mu gace gakikije Shawan i Shandong, mu [[Ubushinwa]], ku ngoma ya Ming. Amabanki – yasanwe umwaka umwe gusa – yongeye guturika mukwezi kwa kane ukwezi na gatanu. <ref name="eunuch">{{Cite book|pages=}}</ref> == Reba kandi == * [[Umwuzure w'umugezi w'Umuhondo mu wa 1452|Umwuzure w'umugezi w'Umuhondo]] [[Umwuzure w'umugezi w'Umuhondo mu wa 1452|mu wa 1452]] == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 305favad7wazie0edy9yr32fdckmn65 0 13873 139964 90871 2026-09-24T13:19:55Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139964 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Portrait_map_of_China.jpg|thumb| Ikarita y'Ubushinwa yerekana inzira nshya y'Uruzi rw'Umuhondo ukurikira imishinga ya Li Xing .]] '''Umwuzure w’umugezi w’Umuhondo mu mwaka wa 1494''' ni ibiza kamere mu [[Ubushinwa]] ku ngoma ya Ming. Gutabara umwuzure byayobowe n'inkone nini Li Xing, washinze umujyi wa Anping kandi ashinga insengero imana y'inzuzi hariya na Huanglinggan. Yahinduye umuyoboro w’umugezi w’umuhondo anyura kuri Xuzhou na Huaian, agabanya ubukana bw’umwuzure w’uruzi mu myaka mike yakurikiyeho kandi ashyiraho inzira rusange y’umugezi kugeza umwuzure wo mu mwaka wa 1850. == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 8t1ea22x4wqjk8zmyeusk3fievq0j0m 0 13874 140013 90872 2026-09-24T13:25:46Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140013 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sona Tata Condé''' azwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga ni umunyamuziki wo muri [[Gineya]].<ref name=":0">https://web.archive.org/web/20110715190850/http://rkk-music.com/product_info.php?language=en&info=p17_CD--Sona-Tata-Conde---Simbo-.html&XTCsid=afe05407d775dbbc82d19efa02952483</ref> Sona Tata ni umwe mu bagize ubwoko bwa Mandinka. Sona Tata arazwi cyane muri [[Gineya]], cyane cyane mu murwa mukuru Konakiri. Sona Tata Condé yafashe amajwi ya alubumu ye yo mu njyana ya Afro-pop yitwa ''Simbo'' yitiriye umugabo we, mu 2007. Izina ry'indirimbo Simbo, ni indirimbo y'urukundo yatuwe umugabo we kandi kimwe n'izindi ndirimbo ze nyinshi, ntabwo iririmbwa mu rurimi rw'agace ke k'amavuko ka Malinke gusa, ahubwo no mu zindi ndimi zikoreshwa mu murwa mukuru wa Gineya, Konakiri, harimo Fula, Susu, [[Igifaransa]] n'[[Icyongereza]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20071222051105/http://www.radio-kankan.com/Sona-Tata-Conde.96.0.html</ref> == Reba == <references /> e8t5zv8mvw5snrfy4qey3cm1093ud5p 0 13944 140073 91382 2026-09-25T09:03:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140073 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nwakaego Ihenacho Ogbaro''', <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2007-03-30 |title=WHY I LEFT LAGBAJA – |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/852/why-i-left-lagbaja.html |access-date=2020-02-05 |publisher=Nollywoodgists.com}}</ref> uzwi cyane nka '''Ego''', ni umuririmbyi akaba n'umwanditsi w'indirimbo. Ego yafashe amajwi y'indirimbo nka "Konko Below", "Nothing for You" na "Never Far Away". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ego |url=https://www.dyesek.com/artist/Ego/Mzg0NQ== |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2020-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116053148/https://www.dyesek.com/artist/Ego/Mzg0NQ== |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yakundaga kuzenguruka isi akora ibitaramo ari kumwe na Lagbaja. Ego yavuye mu itsinda rya Africano kugirango akurikira umwuga we w'ubuhanzi ku giti cye wenyine muri 2007. Nyuma yaje gushinga itsinda ryitwa Indigo. Kuva yatandukana n'itsinda rya Lagbaja, yagiye akorana n'abahanzi batandukanye nka Sunny Nneji, Djinee, Tosin Martins, Ayanbirin na Blaise, n'abandi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ego Ihenacho Ogbaro biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/16303/ego-ihenacho-ogbaro}}</ref> Yataramiye hamwe na Weird MC, Aṣa, Cobhams Asuquo na Yinka Davies. Yasohoye indirimbo yitwa "I Believe", ikaba ari indirimbo ya mbere muri alubumu ye ya mbere yatunganyirije muri studio. Yasinyiye kuba ambasaderi wa Globacom mu mwaka wa 2008. == Uburezi == Ego yize amashuri abanza ku kigo cy'amashuri abanza cyo hagati naho amashuri yisumbuye yayize kuri segonderi ya Ikeja, GRA i Lagos. Yarangije amashuri yisumbuye mu 1991. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ego Ihenacho Ogbaro biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/16303/ego-ihenacho-ogbaro}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20221003145730/https://www.lagbaja.com/ Itsinda rya Lagbaja] 6rnh3zp55t2m2o8gip69hsqh06u8ans 0 14076 140169 121268 2026-09-25T09:44:20Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140169 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umwuzure wa Kagoshima mu mwaka wa 1993''' ni urukurikirane rw'imvura nyinshi yaguye yibasiye Kagoshima, mu [[Ubuyapani]] isuri ikabije yatebye mu ntangiriro za Kanama 1993. Izina ryemewe mu [[Ikiyapani|kiyapani]] ni "Kanama 1993 Imvura Yinshi" (平 成 5 年 8 月 豪雨). Abapfuye ni 71, abandi bantu bagera ku 2,500 bari mu modoka, bisi na gari ya moshi batabawe n'ubwato bwo kuroba hamwe n'ubwato bwikorera ibintu bwitwa feri babajyana i Kagoshima banyuze ku kigobe cya Kagoshima Bay.<ref name=":0">https://apnews.com/article/19749a81570fd525f37117a1b589de4e</ref> == Ikirere mu 1993 == Igihe cy'imvura yo mu Buyapani cyo mu 1993 cyari kirekire kuruta uko byari bisanzwe, kubera ko agace k’umuvuduko mwinshi mu nyanja ya pasifika kari gafite intege nke, bikaba byari igihe cy'izuba rikonje. Ikigo cy’Ubuyapani gishinzwe iteganyagihe cyari cyatangaje mbere ko igihe cy’imvura kirangiye kugira ngo gihagarike. Ahagana mu mpera za Nyakanga, inkubi y'imiyaga itatu yateye isuri ikomeye; indi ibiri ijya Kyushu. Muri Kanama, Inkubi y'umuyaga Robyn yaje yegerea Kyushu, maze ahagana mu mpera za Kanama, Inkubi y'umuyaga yitwa Vernon yaje yegera akarere ka Kanto nyuma yerekeza Hokkaido. Muri rusange mu ubuyapani hagezeyo Inkubi y'imiyaga itandatu yose. Impeshyi ikonje yagabanije umusaruro w'umuceri kandi bituma umuceri ubura mugihe cya Heisei.<ref name=":0" /> == Ikirere i Kyushu == Imvura yose hamwe yari mm 1000 mu majyepfo ya Kyushu, itera inkangu cyangwa imyuzure. Ku ya 1 Kanama, imvura idasanzwe mu karere ka Aira yageze kuri mm 104 mu isaha i Mizobe, mm 405 mu munsi umwe. Abapfuye bagera kuri 23 mu bice byo hagati ya Perefegitura ya Kagoshima. Umuhanda w'igihugu No.10, Umuhanda wa Gariyamoshi ya Kyushu na Gari ya moshi y'Ubuyapani ntibyari byuzuye. Inyubako zo muri Service ya Sakurajima zarasenyutse. Ku ya 6 Kanama, umujyi wa Kagoshima wibasiwe cyane n’imvura ya mm 99.8 ku gihe cy'isaha (kuri Kohriyamacho). Hariho abantu 48 bishwe umwe arazimira. Mu biraro bitanu byubakishijwe amabuye byubatswe mu gihe cya Edo ku ruzi rwa Kohtsuki, bibiri byarasenyutse.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/13060257 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-21 |archive-date=2023-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221221312/https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/13060257 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ibyangiritse == Ibyangiritse byari byinshi byatewe n’isuri ikabije. Mu gace ka Ryugamizu, aho imisozi yari yegereye inyanja, hamwe n’imihanda minini na gari ya moshi biherereye, Amasuri 22 yarabaye kandi abantu 2,500 bafatiwe mu modoka 1200, ndetse na bisi na gari ya moshi, kugeza ubwo bakijijwe n’ubwato bw’[[uburobyi]] n’ubwato. babajyana mu mujyi wa Kagoshima banyuze ku kigobe cya Kagoshima.<ref name=":1" /> 20j5nyic08n6p811kvrg9no00nd6z5a 0 14085 140117 91147 2026-09-25T09:08:36Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140117 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Umwuzure wo mu mugezi wa Napa wo mu 1986''' ufatwa na benshi ko ari umwuzure mubi wahuye na Napa, muri Californiya mu kinyejana cya 20. Hamwe na santimetero 20 z'imvura yaguye mugihe cyamasaha 48; Abantu 7,000 bimuwe mu byabo, amazu 250 yarasenyutse abandi 2,500 barangirika, abantu 3 barapfa igiteranyo kibyangiritse muri rusange ni miliyoni 100. <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 11, 2021 |title=Napa River Flood Protection Project: A Living River Concept |url=https://www.fema.gov/case-study/napa-river-flood-protection-project-living-river-concept |access-date=February 2, 2022 |publisher=FEMA}}</ref> <ref>https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/article_abda37f2-3af6-11e0-8366-001cc4c002e0.html</ref> <ref>https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/article_021c4834-3af8-11e0-b171-001cc4c002e0.html</ref> <ref>https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/article_08baa217-9e06-5e01-8154-486c84403846.html</ref> <ref>https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/article_ca4ccea4-3af9-11e0-a87e-001cc4c002e0.html</ref> Nyuma y’umwuzure, abaturage bagaragaje ko byihutirwa kongera kugabanya umwuzure watewe n’umuyaga w’itumba kandi umuntu atera inzitizi zituma uruzi rutemba rugana ku kirwa cya San Francisco. Kuva umwuzure, '''Intara ya Napa ishinzwe kurwanya umwuzure no kubungabunga amazi''' yakomeje gukora mu kurwanya imyuzure binyuze mu mushinga w’umwuzure wa Napa. <ref>https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/article_86af1860-3cb5-11e0-af1c-001cc4c002e0.html</ref> Undi mwuzure utari muto wabaye ku ya 31 Ukuboza 2005, nyuma y'icyumweru kirenga imvura. <ref>https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/article_86af1860-3cb5-11e0-af1c-001cc4c002e0.html</ref> Indi myuzure idakabije yabaye mu 1995 na 1997. == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 30tmiw92h7pg7zavwqrk2w7husn3dtd 0 14086 140153 91148 2026-09-25T09:26:49Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140153 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Edmonton daily bulletin 1915 flood cover.jpg|thumb|29 Kamena 1915 igifuniko cya Bulletin ya buri munsi ya Edmonton {| class="wikitable" |+ !Itariki: 27 Gicurasi 1915–30 Kamena 1915Ahantu: Edmonton Ibikoresho byangiritse: Nibura $ 500,000 e (miliyoni 687 $ mumadolari 2021<ref>https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2881432</ref>), ~ abantu 2000 batagira aho baba. |} ]]   '''Umwuzure wo muri Saskatchewan y'Amajyaruguru mu wa 1915''' ni umwe mu myuzure minini mu mateka ya Edmonton. Ku ya 28 Kamena, Ikinyamakuru Edmonton Bulletin cyatangaje ko uruzi rwazamutse "metero 10 mu masaha menshi." Telegaramu yuzuye ubwoba yo mu nzu ya Rocky Mountain House yamenyesheje abayobozi baho ko umwuzure ugeze. <ref>''The Edmonton Bulletin'', 28 June 1915.</ref> Amazi yazamutse agera k'umurongo w'ikiraro cyo hasi kandi imyanda yakusanyirijwe ku biraro. Imyanda yarimo inzu yatwawe nuwo mwuzure. Umuhanda wa gari ya moshi wo mu majyaruguru ya Kanada wahagaritse gari ya moshi ku kiraro kugira ngo ikiraro kimanuke kandi ugerageze kukirinda gutwarwa. . <ref name="The Edmonton Bulletin 1915">''The Edmonton Bulletin'', 29 June 1915.</ref> Ibihumbi n'ibihumbi by'abaturage ba Edmonton barebye umwuzure usenya urusyo rw'ibiti ku kibaya cy'umugezi. <ref name="The Edmonton Bulletin 1915">''The Edmonton Bulletin'', 29 June 1915.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2014 |title=Look Out Edmonton: The Great Flood of 1915 |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/attractions_events/john_walter_museum/walterdale-flood-video.aspx |access-date=26 April 2015 |publisher=City of Edmonton}}</ref> Kimwe n'inzuzi zose, uruzi rwa Saskatchewan y'Amajyaruguru rushobora kwibasirwa n'umwuzure rimwe na rimwe, utangirana n'urubura rwinshi mu misozi cyangwa igihe kirekire cy'imvura mu kibaya cy'uruzi. Hamwe nogushiraho abaturage bahoraho kumugezi, no kuzamuka kw'inzego zubutegetsi / guverinoma, inyandiko zirahari zerekana imyuzure yabereye mu majyaruguru ya Saskatchewan mu kinyejana gishize. Uruzi ruzwiho kuba rwuzuyemo umwuzure mu 1830 ariko umwuzure wa 1899 w’umugezi niwo mwuzure wambere wigihe cy'izuba cy'inzuzi muburambe bwabantu cyangwa imigenzo yaho. Umwuzure wo mu 1915 wageze kuri metero 4 hejuru y’umwuzure wa 1899. Urugomero rwa Bighorn, rwubatswe mu ntangiriro ya za 70 hafi ya Nordegg, Alberta, n'ikigega cya Brazeau, rwubatswe hagati mu myaka ya za 1960, ntirwagabanije ubushobozi bw'umwuzure ku ruzi rwa Saskatchewan y'Amajyaruguru. <ref>Mustapha, A., Figliuzzi, S., Rickert, H., & Coles, G. (1981). </ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist|30em}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/edmonton_archives/the-flood-of-1915.aspx Umujyi wa Edmonton - Umwuzure wo mu 1915] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DGGnAr1DI6M Reba Inyandiko ngufi ya Edmonton] b9wif77ho50supny8zx5nw4f3f694p9 0 14126 140066 136709 2026-09-25T09:02:41Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140066 wikitext text/x-wiki == Hause Crow == Igikona cyo munzu kizwi kw'iza ry'abahinde [[Cleyon]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/birds/house-crow-animal-pest-alert |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-22 |archive-date=2019-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416180308/https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/birds/house-crow-animal-pest-alert |url-status=dead }}</ref> colombo afashijwe no kohereza, [[Dosiye:House crow near Chandigarh.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Eudynamys scolopaceus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.152.12.jpg|thumb]] ari hagati ya jadaw igikona cya karrion cya cm40 mubunini mu burebure akaba ari 16 . Uruhanga ikamba umuhogo n'amabere, umurizo n'amaguru birirabura. == Taxenomy == Ubwoko bw'abatoranijwe muri C.S iboneka muri [[pakisitani]], ubuhinge na bangaradeshi. Ndetse na [[nepali]] kandi ifite ijosi rw'ijimye ubwoko buto [[C S ZUGMEYER]] iboneka mubice. Bimwe byo mu majyepfo ya [[aziya]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/birds/house-crow-animal-pest-alert |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-22 |archive-date=2019-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416180308/https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/birds/house-crow-animal-pest-alert |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ikwirakwiza naho ziba == Umubare munini w'inyoni ziri hagati ya 200 na 400 waragaragaye muri shan shuii muri [[Hongo Kongo|Hong kong]]. 6soszbhjo0okudyw1zbv2a7u1aq4z8n 0 14129 140202 137322 2026-09-25T11:55:20Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140202 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Vegetable-Carrot-Bundle-wStalks.jpg|thumb|Imboga za Karoti|387x387px]] [[Dosiye:Daucus carota subsp. sativus,Karotten.JPG|thumb|Ubuhinzi bwa Karoti]] [[Dosiye:Willem Frederik van Royen - The Carrot - WGA20173.jpg|thumb|Ubuhinzi bwa Karoti]] [[Dosiye:Carottes et poireaux de la ferme Grandjard au marché de la place Albert Thomas.jpg|thumb|carroti]] '''Umumaro wa Karoti''' Karoti ni ubwoko bw’imboga bukungahaye kuri vitmini A, B, C na E zifitiye akamaro kanini umubiri w’umuntu mu kuwurinda ubuhumyi n’izindi ndwara, gutuma uruhu rusa neza n’ibindi. Karoti zihingwa mu turere twose tw’u Rwanda, mu butaka buseseka, buhitisha amazi kandi bufumbiye.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.urwego.com/2015/01/ubuhinzi-bwa-karoti.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-22 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226143646/https://www.urwego.com/2015/01/ubuhinzi-bwa-karoti.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>Abaturage bo mu Murenge wa Jenda mu Karere ka Nyabihu, bavuga ko bamaze kubona ubukungu bwihishe mu gihingwa cya karoti, bituma bitabira kugihinga, bakaba bemeza ko umusaruro babona ari mwinshi ku buryo utunze igihugu. [[Dosiye:Umuhinzi wa Karoti.jpg|thumb|Umuhinzi wa Karoti]] == Tumenye Igihingwa Karoti == Karoti zihingwa mu murima urambuye cyangwa se mu turima dufite m1,2 mu bugari, uburebure bwo buterwa n’uburebure bw’umurima cyangwa ubushake bw’umuhinzi.Iyo umuhinzi amaze gutegura umurima, kuwufumbira no gutegura uturima ateramo karoti, akora imirimo ikurikira:Guca imirongo igororotse asiga cm 30 hagati yayo,Umurama uterwa uvangwa n’umucanga cyangwa ivu kugira ngo ubucucike bw’umurama bugabanuke,Kuminjira umurama uvanze n’ivu cyangwa umucanga muri ya mirongo,Korosa agataka gake ku murama wanyanyagijwe mu mirongo no Gutwikiriza ibyatsi ahamaze guterwa no kuvomerera.<ref name=":1">https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/article/nyabihu-barakataje-mu-buhinzi-bwa-karoti</ref>Karoti zimera nyuma y’ibyumweru bibiri cyangwa bitatu zitewe.Iyo zameze bakuraho ibyatsi byari bitwikiriye umurima.Iyo karoti zifite cm 5 z’uburebure umuhinzi arazicira, agasiga nka cm 2 hagati ya karoti n’indi,Igihe cyose hamezemo ibyatsi karoti zigomba kubagarwa kandi zikanasukirwa.Ni byiza kuvomerera karoti mu gihe imvura itagwa kugira ngo ubutaka bugumane ubuhehere kandi kroti zikure neza. Bavomerera mu gitondo izuba ritararasa na nimugoroba izuba rirenze.<ref name=":0" /> == Umusaruro uva mugihingwa Karoti == Karoti ziba zeze neza nyuma y’amezi atatu kugeza kuri ane zitewe. Ikigaragaza ko karoti zeze neza ni uko amababi yazo atangira kuba umuhodo, akagenda yuma ahereye kuyo hejuru. Ikindi kandi ubutaka buriyasa ku buryo bugaragara.Umusaruro wa karoti kuri ari 1 (m10x10) uri hagati ya kg 150 na kg 200. Ni ukuvuga ko kuri hegitari (m 100x 100) umusaruro wa karoti uri hagati ya Toni 15 na 20.Ni byiza ko karoti zisarurwa zigiye guhita zitekwa. Icyo gihe uhera ku zigargaza ko zeze neza ( amababi yzo yarhindutse umuhondo kandi atangiye kuma), ndetse inkondo zazo zigaragara aho ubutaka bwiyashije.<ref name=":1" />Iyo karoti zahingiwe kugurishwa na bwo zisarurwa bahita bazijyana ku isoko. Ni ngombwa kuzirandura neza batazikomeretsa kuko byazitesha igiciro cyiza ku isoko.Karoti zishobora kubikwa mu butaka mu gihe kingana n’ukwezi kumwe nta cyo zibaye.Karoti kandi zishobora kubikwa mu byuma bikonjesha (frigos/fridges) cyangwa ibyumba bikonje byabugenewe (cold rooms/chambres froides), zikaba zamara igihe kiri hagati y’ukwezi n’amezi atandatu. Aho karoti zibikwa ntihagomba kuba hari imbuto zitwa pome( pomme/apples) cyangwa puware (poires/pears) kuko karoti zifata impumuro y’izo mbuto.<ref name=":0" /> == Ibindi Wamenya == [[Dosiye:KarottenZwiebeln 266.JPG|thumb|ubuhinzi bw'akaroti]] Abenshi mu bahinzi ba karoti bavuga ko nta kindi gihingwa bashobora gusimbuza karoti ngo babone inyungu nk’iyo bavana muri karoti. Bavuga ko batajya bahura n’ikibazo cy’ubukene kubera icyo gihingwa.bavuze ko icyo gihingwa kibabeshejeho aho kibafasha mu kubona indyo yuzuye, bakazohereza no mu bindi bice by’igihugu.<ref name=":1" />Uburyo abo baturage bapanga umusaruro wabo wa karoti mu mifuka, butangaza benshi banyura muri iyo santere baturutse ahandi Ubwo buryo bwihariye bwo gupanga izo karoti aho umufuka ureshya na Metero ebyiri, bikurura benshi mu baguzi aho karoti nyinshi ari izirenga ku mufuka, kuri uwo mufuka upakiye umuhinzi agahabwa amafaranga ibihumbi 50 y’u Rwanda.<ref name=":1" /> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuhinzi]] [[Ikiciro:Ibimera]] 42r3cy46ftqxw3nlgpfevteg38dmu1s 0 14149 140057 91237 2026-09-24T13:37:33Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140057 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent" |+ class="infobox-title summary" id="4" |1999 Umwuzure wa Vietnam ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Itariki | class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;" | Ukwakira - Ugushyingo 1999 |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Abapfuye | class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;" | 595 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Ibyangiritse ku mutungo | class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;" | Miliyoni 490 [[United States Dollar|USD]] |} '''Umwuzure wo muri Vietnam mu mwaka wa 1999''' wibasiye Vietnam mu mpera z'umwaka wa 1999 niwo mwuzure mubi igihugu cyagize mu kinyejana. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1999 Flood Archive<!-- Bot generated title --> |url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~floods/Archives/1999sum.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226231807/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~floods/Archives/1999sum.htm |archive-date=2008-02-26 |access-date=2007-02-17}}</ref> Umwuzure watewe n'inkubi y'umuyaga yazanye imvura nyinshi mu gice cyo hagati y'igihugu mu Kwakira n'Ugushyingo. Umuyaga wa mbere wibasiye Ubushyuhe bwo mu turere dushyuha ku ya 19 Ukwakira kandi ibyabaye nyamukuru byabaye kuva ku ya 1 Ugushyingo-6 Ugushyingo. Muri rusange, abantu 595 bahasize ubuzima naho 55,000 bakurwa mu byabo. Umwuzure wateje igihombo cy'amadorari miliyoni 290 yangiritse mu karere kandi yateje igihombo cy'ubukungu kingana na miliyoni 490 z'amadorari. Bigereranijwe ko miliyoni 1.7 z'abantu bo mu Ntara yo hagati ya Vietnam bahuye n’umwuzure. == Reba kandi == * Inshuti za Hue Foundation == Amashaki == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/ae080e/ae080e00.htm Uruhare rwinzego zibanze mukugabanya kwibasirwa n’ibiza byibasiye isi ndetse no guteza imbere imibereho irambye.] [http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/ae080e/ae080e00.htm Inyigo: Vietnam] ( FAO ) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060702212623/http://www.palestinercs.org/Downloads/report2001.pdf#page=102 Raporo y'Ibiza ku Isi 2001] ( ICRC ) khq7e0a2ecaz6vbvg14dyrq9rp2bna3 0 14150 140032 119612 2026-09-24T13:28:04Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140032 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishyirahamwe rishinzwe gucunga ikirere n’imyanda''' (mu magambo ahinnye '''AWMA''' ) ni umuryango mpuzamahanga udaharanira inyungu wibanda ku kurengera ibidukikije no kunoza ibyemezo by’ibidukikije. Kugeza mu 2021, ifite abanyamuryango babigize umwuga barenga 5.000 mu bihugu 65, kandi ifite ibice 34 n'imitwe 65 ku isi. Yashinzwe muri Kamena 1907 n'itsinda ry'abagenzuzi b'umwotsi i Milwaukee, muri Wisconsin. Izina ryayo ryambere ryari '''Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga rishinzwe gukumira umwotsi''', <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=636–639}}</ref> hanyuma izina ryaryo ryahinduwe inshuro nyinshi kugirango ryerekane impinduka mubyifuzo byabanyamuryango. By'umwihariko, ryiswe '''Ishyirahamwe rishinzwe gukumira umwotsi muri Amerika''' mu 1915, '''Ishyirahamwe rishinzwe kurwanya umwanda''' mu 1950, kandi ryabonye izina ryaryo muri 1988. <ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.awma.on.ca/about |access-date=2021-06-26 |website=Ontario Section of the AWMA - Air & Waste Management Association |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626161159/https://www.awma.on.ca/about |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Air and Waste Management Association |url=https://uia.org/s/or/en/1100066873 |access-date=2021-06-26 |website=Union of International Associations}}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} dls2rpdployhsudrnofbruup2oi9ybt 0 14260 140154 92032 2026-09-25T09:26:56Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140154 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tanwater''' wari umushinga udasanzwe wo gutunganya amazi watangijwe n’uruganda rwa Elmo muri Suwede mu 1992. Icyari kigamijwe kwari ukugabanya imyanda ya azote muri sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi mugihe cyo gutwika uruhu. Ubusanzwe uruganda rw’iburayi rwashoboye kugabanya azote mu mazi kugeza kuri 30%. Umushinga "Tanwater" ugamije kugabanya imyanda ya azote kugera kuri 80% kandi amaherezo yashoboye kugera kuri 89% kugabanya imyanda ya azote. Iyi yari intambwe ikomeye mu nganda zogosha kuko azote ihumanya amazi yubutaka. Uruganda rwa Elmo rwabonye inkunga y'umushinga UBUZIMA (Ikigocyimari cyibidukikije). UBUZIMA butera inkunga imishinga y’ibidukikije mu Muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Uruganda rwa Elmo, nubwo rutanga uruhu rwiganjemo inganda zimodoka (uruhu rwo hejuru), rutanga uruhu rwimifuka ninkweto. Kuva Elmo yatangira uyu mushinga habaye inganda nyinshi zagiye zikurikirana mu ntambwe zazo zo kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi muri Suwede na Noruveje. == Amashakiro == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090115001900/http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/themes/water/best.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20090115001900/http://ec.europa.eu/ibidukikije/ubuzima/insanganyamatsiko/amazi/best.htm] * https://web.archive.org/web/20160402040947/http://www.tanwater.net/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20111006032813/http://www.tanwater.net/file/Layman-uk.pdf * https://web.archive.org/web/20061110041537/http://www.euroleather.com/doc/frendruptan.doc lokyp87fbmvovxo7ubyz40k862w1c48 0 14272 140170 91458 2026-09-25T09:44:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140170 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Umuyaga utandukanya imisozi,''' '''umuyaga utandukanyijwe n'imisozi''' cyangwa '''icyuho''' ni umuyaga waho uhuha mu cyuho kiri hagati yimisozi. Umuyaga w'icyuho ni umuyaga wo mu rwego rwo hasi kandi urashobora guhuzwa n'umuyaga ukomeye w'amapfundo 20-40 kandi rimwe na rimwe ukarenga ipfundo 50. Umuyaga w'icyuho muri rusange urakomeye cyane hafi yo gusohoka. Ingero zitemba zirimo umuyaga wo hejuru uhuha unyuze mu nzira ya Gibraltar - umwe mu muyaga ukomeye muri kano karere witwa Levanter. Umuyaga nk'uwo uboneka ku bindi byuho biri mu misozi, nka tehuantepecer na [[jochwinde]], no mu miyoboro miremire, nk'inzira ya Juan de Fuca hagati y'imisozi ya Olempike ya Washington n'ikirwa cya Vancouver, Columbiya y'Ubwongereza, Inzira ya Hinlopen hafi ya Spitsbergen. Mu ruzi rwa Columbia ruzwi ku mupaka wa Washington na Oregon, inshuro nyinshi z’umuyaga w’icyuho zatumye hashyirwaho imirima y’umuyaga, hamwe n’umuyaga mwinshi uturuka ku muyaga ubera ku ruzi rwa Columbia. Urundi rugero ni umuyaga wa Koshava muri Seribiya uhuha ku ruzi rwa Danube. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=956–973}}</ref> Imisozi ya Karipati y'Amajyepfo n'imisozi ya Balkan irimo kunyura mu kibaya cy'umugezi wa Danube muri Rumaniya kandi indege isohoka ku marembo y'icyuma azwi ku izina ry'umuyaga wa Koshava. Ibintu nyamukuru biranga umuyaga wa Koshava ni umuvuduko mwinshi wumuyaga, icyerekezo cyamajyepfo yuburasirazuba, gutsimbarara, no gukomera. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=956–973}}</ref> Muri rusange, umuyaga wa koridor ugira ingaruka ku kirere cy’akarere (mu majyepfo y’Ubufaransa), ndetse n’ibimera. Nibice byumuriro ukaze mubice byibasiwe. Inkubi y'umuyaga ishobora kugera kuri kilometero zirenga 100/h kandi bigatera kwangiza umutungo. == Reba kandi == * Ikinyuranyo cy'umuyaga (imiterere ya geografiya) * Ikibuga cyo gusohoka == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} * Bendall, AA, 1982: Urwego rwo hasi runyura mu nzira ya Gibraltar. Ikinyamakuru Meteorologiya, Vol. 111, imp.&nbsp;149-153 * Colle, BA, CF Misa, 2000: Indorerezi-Igisubizo Cyinshi hamwe na Numero Zigereranya Zitemba Iburasirazuba bwa Pasika zinyuze mu kayira ka Juan de Fuca ku ya 9-10 Ukuboza 1995. Ukwezi Gusubiramo Ikirere: Vol. 128, imp.&nbsp;2398–2422. * Colle, BA, CF Mass, 1998: Inkubi y'umuyaga kuruhande rwiburengerazuba bw'imisozi ya Washington Cascade. Igice cya I: Kwiga-Gukemura cyane Kwitegereza no Kwerekana Icyabaye ku ya 12 Gashyantare 1995. Ukwezi Gusubiramo Ikirere: Vol. 126, imp.&nbsp;28-52. * Hanze, JE, na BA Walter, 1981: Umuyaga mwinshi mu kayira ka Juan de Fuca, Ukwezi gusubiramo ukwezi: Vol. 109, imp.&nbsp;2221–2233. * Abatsinze amanota, RS, 1952: Umuyaga utandukanya imisozi; ubushakashatsi bwumuyaga wo hejuru muri Gibraltar. Buri gihembwe Ikinyamakuru cya Royal Meteorology Society: Vol. 78, pp.&nbsp;53–59 * Misa ikarishye, J. na CF, 2002: Columbia Gorge Gap Flow: Ubushishozi buvuye mu Isesengura Ryakozwe na Ultra-High Resolution Simulation. Amatangazo ya Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika y'ikirere: Vol. 83, pp.&nbsp;1757–1762. * Steenburgh, WJ, DM Schultz, BA Colle, 1998: Imiterere nihindagurika ry’imyuka isohoka mu kigobe cya Tehuantepec, Mexico. Ukwezi Gusubiramo Ikirere: Vol. 126, imp.&nbsp;2673-22691. 7qfgyotshkmcrb3md8eohacv8s3w28g 0 14280 140155 106806 2026-09-25T09:27:03Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140155 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Büyükada_liman_manzarası.jpg|thumb|right|Ifoto y'igiti cyafotorewe muri parike karemano ya Dilburnu.]] '''Pariki ya Dilburnu''' ( Turkish ) ni parike y’ibidukikije mu [[Istanbul|Ntara ya Istanbul]], Turukiya. == kumenya amerekezo == Dilburnu (bisobanurwa ngo "Cape Tongue") iherereye mu burengerazuba bwa Büyükada (bisobanurwa ngo: Ikirwa Kinini), kinini mu birwa bya Muganwa, itsinda ry’ibirwa icyenda byo muirwa cyigigkomangoma, mu karere ka [[Adalar]] mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bw’Intara ya Istanbul. Minisiteri y’ibidukikije n’amashyamba mu mwaka wa 2011, Dilburnu n’akarere kayikikije byatangajwe ko ari parike y’ibidukikije. Ifite ubuso bungana na 6.88 ha (hegitari 17.0) . == Reba kandi == * <references /> Pariki ya Büyükada, mu burasirazuba bwa Büyükada * Pariki ya Değirmenburnu, ku kirwa cy’abaturanyi cya Heybeliada {{Reflist|30em|refs=<ref name="itp">{{cite web |url=http://www.istanbultabiatparklari.gov.tr/tabiat-parklarimiz/tum-parklar/dilburnu-tabiat-parki |publisher=İstanbul Tabiat Parkları |title=Dilburnu Tabiat Parkı |language=Turkish |accessdate=2017-05-09 |archive-date=2017-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504131059/http://www.istanbultabiatparklari.gov.tr/tabiat-parklarimiz/tum-parklar/dilburnu-tabiat-parki |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="b1">{{cite web |url=http://istanbul.ormansu.gov.tr/istanbul/AnaSayfa/FotografGalerisi/dilburnu.aspx?sflang=tr |publisher=Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı-1. Bölge Müdürlüğü-İstanbul Şube Müdürlüğü |title=Tabiat Parkları - Dilburnu Tabiat Parkı |language=Turkish |accessdate=2017-05-09 |archive-date=2018-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426041649/http://istanbul.ormansu.gov.tr/istanbul/AnaSayfa/FotografGalerisi/dilburnu.aspx?sflang=tr |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} lfb6vod6zqutug9nfvsqzb3fhkx08ci 0 14293 140162 134461 2026-09-25T09:27:53Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140162 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Little grebe Zwergtaucher.jpg|thumb|Grebe nto.|299x299px]] Grebe ntoya,cyangwa se '''dabchick''', ni umwe mu bagize umuryango wa grebe w'inyoni zo mu mazi. Izina ryubwoko ryakomotse kuri takhus ya kera ''yikigereki'' "yihuta" ikaba ikomoka, mu [[Ikilatini|kilatini]] " ''ijosi'' ". <ref name="job">{{Cite book|pages=[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n341 341], 377}}</ref> iyi nyoni ikaba arimwe muzigize umuryango muto wo [[Burayi|mu Burayi]] mu muryango wacyo. Bikunze kuboneka mumazi afunguye hafi yuburinganire bwayo. == Amatagisi == Grebe ntoya yasobanuwe numudage Peter Simon Pallas mu 1764 ahabwa izina rya binomial ''Colymbus ruficollis''. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=332–341 [339 No. 281]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=271–277}}</ref> Grebe ya tricolored yabonwaga ko idasobanutse,bamwe mu bayobozi bashinzwe ibidukikije ntibarasobanukirwa neza. hari ibintu bitandatu bitandukanye * [[Dosiye:Tachybaptus ruficollis MWNH 1919.JPG|thumb|Amagi y'inyoni ya Grebe nto.]]''T. r. ruficollis'' - <small>( Pallas, 1764)</small> : kandidatire, iboneka mu Burayi no mu burengerazuba bw'Uburusiya mu majyepfo kugera muri Afurika y'Amajyaruguru * ''T. r. iraquensis'' - <small>( Ticehurst, 1923)</small> : iboneka mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Iraki no mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Irani * ''T. r. capensis'' - <small>( Salvadori, 1884)</small> : iboneka muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, [[Madagasikari]], Sri Lanka, no ku mugabane w'Ubuhinde, ugana iburasirazuba kugera muri Birmaniya * ''T. r. poggei'' - <small>(Reichenow, 1902)</small> : iboneka kuva mu majyepfo y'iburasirazuba kugera mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa [[Aziya]], Hainan, Tayiwani, Ubuyapani, n'ibirwa bya Kuril y'Amajyepfo * ''T. r. philippensis'' - <small>(Bonnaterre, 1790)</small> : iboneka mu majyaruguru ya Philippines * ''T. r. cotabato'' - <small>( Rand, 1948)</small> : iboneka kuri Mindanao Grebe akaba ari inyoni nto ikunda kuboneka mumazi cyane,yiganjemo umwijima hejuru hamwe nijosi ryayo, rinini, ijosi n'impande, hamwe n'umuhondo wera. Rufous isimburwa nicyatsi cyijimye cyijimye cyinyoni zitororoka ninyoni. Greb ikaba ari inyoni ifite ibara ry'umukara n'umweru byera ku matama no ku mpande z'ijosi nkuko bigaragara hepfo. == Ikwirakwizwa == Iyi nyoni yororoka muri koloni ntoya mu bimera byinshi by’ibiyaga by’amazi meza mu Burayi. Inyoni nyinshi zimukira mumazi menshi yuguruye cyangwa yinyanja mugihe cyitumba, ariko irimuka gusa muribice bigize aho amazi akonja. Hanze yigihe cyubworozi, yimukira mumazi afunguye, rimwe na rimwe akanagaragara ku nkombe mu biyaga bito. <ref name="IUCN"><cite class="citation journal cs1" id="CITEREFBirdLife_International2017"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="175">BirdLife International (2017) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="176">[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22696545/111716447 "''Tachybaptus ruficollis''"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="177">''[[IUCN Red List|IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]]''. '''2017''': e.</span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="179">T22696545A111716447. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22696545A111716447.en|10.2305/IUCN.]]</span></span><span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22696545A111716447.en|<span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="181">UK.2017-1.</span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="182">RLTS.</span>]]</span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="183"><span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22696545A111716447.en|T22696545A111716447.en]]</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="184"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2022</span>.</span></cite></ref> == Imyitwarire == Grebe ntoya ni inyoni nziza kandi ikayobora kandi ikurikirana amafi yayo ninyamaswa zo mu mazi zidafite ubuzima. Ikoresha ibimera ubuhanga nkahantu hihishe. Kimwe na grebes zose, ziba ku nkombe y'amazi, kubera ko amaguru yayo yashizwe inyuma cyane kandi ntashobora kugenda neza. Ubusanzwe itera amagi 4-7. Iyo inyoni ikuze ivuye mucyari mubisanzwe yitondera gupfuka amagi. Ibi bituma bidashoboka kumenyekana ninyamanswa. Abakiri bato bava mucyari kandi bashobora koga nyuma yo kubyara. Mu [[Ubuhinde|Buhinde]], ubwoko bwororoka mu gihe cy'imvura. == Ikarita == <gallery> Dosiye:Little Grebe (or Dabchick), Tachbaptus ruficollis, at Marievale Nature Reserve, Gauteng, South Africa - breeding plumage (21410502215).jpg|Ubworozi bw'amazi LittleGrebe DSC0240.jpg|Icyari ku nkombe z'ikiyaga i Jodhpur, Rajasthan, mu Buhinde Dosiye:Zampullín chico, polluelo Tachybaptus ruficollis.jpg|Inkoko Tachybaptus ruficollis-diving.jpg|Kwibira muri [[:es:Delta del Llobregat|Delta del Llobregat]], [[:es:Barcelona|Barcelona]] Tachybaptus ruficollis MWNH 1919.JPG|Amagi, [[Museum Wiesbaden|Ingoro Ndangamurage Wiesbaden]] Dosiye:Saverio Manetti, Ornithologia methodice digesta, per monchiani, firenze 1767-76, 048 colimbo minore.jpg|Urugero Dosiye:Breeding plume Little Grebe.jpg|igikumwe | Icyatsi gito Mu myambarire yambere yo korora Dosiye:Non breeding Little Grebe.jpg|igikumwe | Grebe yerekana ibirenge byayo Dosiye:Little grebe (winter plumage).jpg|igikumwe | Icyatsi gito muri plumage Dosiye:Juvenile Little Grebe.jpg|igikumwe | Igihe gishya cyavutse </gallery> == Reba == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name=Clements>{{cite book |last1=Clements |first1=James |title=The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World |url=https://archive.org/details/clementschecklis0000clem_t1e2 |edition=6th |year=2007 |publisher=Cornell University Press |location=Ithaca, NY |isbn=978-0-8014-4501-9}}</ref> <ref name=Dalgliesh1906>{{cite journal |url=https://archive.org/stream/aviculturalm519061907avic#page/n97/mode/2up |title=Notes on the Indian Podicipedidae |last=Dalgliesh |first=Gordon |pages=65–72 |year=1906 |journal=The Avicultural Magazine |volume=5 |issue=2}}</ref> <ref name=Finn1905>{{cite journal |last=Finn |first=Frank |title=Notes on the nesting of the Indian Dabchick |pages=10–17 |journal=Bird Notes |volume=4 |year=1905 |url=https://archive.org/stream/birdnotes05fore#page/n17/mode/2up}}</ref> <ref name=IOC>{{cite web |editor1-last=Gill |editor1-first=F. |editor2-last=Donsker |editor2-first=D. |editor3-last=Rasmussen |editor3-first=Pamela |name-list-style=amp |year=2021 |title=Grebes, flamingos |website=IOC World Bird List (v 11.1) |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/grebes/ |doi=10.14344/IOC.ML.11.1 |doi-access=free }}</ref> <ref name=Ogilvie2003>{{cite book |title=Grebes of the World |url=https://archive.org/details/grebesofworld0000olgi |last=Ogilvie |first=Malcolm |first2=Chris |last2=Rose |publisher=Bruce Coleman |year=2003 |isbn=978-1-872842-03-5}}</ref> <ref name=Prokop2011>{{cite journal |title=Why do grebes cover their nests? Laboratory and field tests of two alternative hypotheses |last1=Prokop |first1=Pavel |first2=Alfréd |last2=Trnka |year=2011 |journal=Journal of Ethology |volume=29 |pages=17–22 |doi=10.1007/s10164-010-0214-4 |url=http://www.zoo.sav.sk/prokop/articles/Prokop-Trnka-JEthol-2011.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414203105/http://www.zoo.sav.sk/prokop/articles/Prokop-Trnka-JEthol-2011.pdf |archive-date=2012-04-14 }}</ref>}} fqi8agfm9lo3uo0pkd7a3i6pzft50g3 0 14299 140097 129923 2026-09-25T09:06:16Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140097 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Glissade++.jpg|thumb|320x320px|ABANTU BUNZE URUNANA]] Bamwe mu baturage baravuga ko kuba bafite ubwisungane mu kwivuza, Mutuelle de Santé bituma bumva batekanye kuko mu gihe bahuye n’indwara, bivuza kare batararemba cyangwa ngo bahasige ubuzima.<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=ubwisungane+mu+kwivuza+mu+rwanda&oq=UBWISUNGANE+MU&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgBEAAYgAQyBwgAEAAYgAQyBwgBEAAYgAQyBggCEEUYOTIICAMQABgWGB4yCAgEEAAYFhgeMgYIBRBFGDwyBggGEEUYPDIGCAcQRRg80gEINzg5NmowajeoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8</ref> Ni mu gihe mbere ngo byasabaga kwitabaza imiryango kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kwivuza. Ubwisungane magirirane mu kwivuza, bwashyizweho na Leta y'u Rwanda hagamijwe gufasha abaturage kwivuza bitabahenze. == Akamaro ka Mituweri == Kugira ngo umunyamuryango wa Mituweri yivuze bitamuhenze, nta kurembera  cyangwa kubyarira mu rugo,  ntanubwo umuntu ufite Mituweri aba agikorana nabavura magendo, ibyo byose bituma umuturage atera imbere mu buzima bwe kubera ko amafaranga yakabaye atakaza yivuza ayashyira mu bindi  bikorwa by’Iterambere.<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=ubwisungane+mu+kwivuza+mu+rwanda&oq=UBWISUNGANE+MU&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgBEAAYgAQyBwgAEAAYgAQyBwgBEAAYgAQyBggCEEUYOTIICAMQABgWGB4yCAgEEAAYFhgeMgYIBRBFGDwyBggGEEUYPDIGCAcQRRg80gEINzg5NmowajeoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8</ref> == Intego yo kwishyura Mituweri == [[Dosiye:San Pablo West County Behavioral Health Center opening 01.jpg|thumb]] Intego ya Mituweri  ni ukugira ngo buri  munyarwanda wese  ashobore kwishyura mu bushobozi ubwo aribwo bwose uko bungana kugirango inzitizi zibura ry’amafaranga igihe havutse uburwayi  ziveho. == ibindi == Abakoresha ubwisungane mu kwivuza (mutuelle de santé) bahamya ko ikoranabuhanga mu myishyurire ryoroheje uburyo bwo gutanga imisanzu. Ubwo bwisungane kandi bubaha uburenganzira bwo kwivuriza ku mavuriro yose ya Leta mu gihugu. Kubera kumenya agaciro ka Mutuelle de Santé, abaturage bavuga ko bakora uko bashoboye kose ngo imisanzu isabwa bayitange ku gihe. Kuri ubu abagana ibitaro n’ibigo nderabuzima abenshi bakoresha ubwisungane mu kwivuza.<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=ubwisungane+mu+kwivuza+mu+rwanda&oq=UBWISUNGANE+MU&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgBEAAYgAQyBwgAEAAYgAQyBwgBEAAYgAQyBggCEEUYOTIICAMQABgWGB4yCAgEEAAYFhgeMgYIBRBFGDwyBggGEEUYPDIGCAcQRRg80gEINzg5NmowajeoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8</ref> == Reba == <ref>https://www.rba.co.rw/post/Uko-Mutuelle-de-Sant-yagabanyije-imfu-mu-Rwanda</ref> <ref>https://www.gasabo.gov.rw/news-detail-1/kongera-kwibutsa-abantu-akamaro-ka-mituweli-no-kubashishikariza-kwihutira-kwishyura</ref> khqwlcc1ducnd6ga7tq1aufp9ceg2g0 0 14345 140193 91666 2026-09-25T11:54:20Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140193 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umwanda usanzwe''' ni ijambo rikoreshwa muri Amerika mu gusobanura umwanda w’amazi meza yo gutunganywa n’uruganda rutunganya imyanda. Urutonde rwibanze rw’imyanda isanzwe isobanurwa mu itegeko ry’amazi meza muri Amerika. Urutonde rwahinduwe mu mabwiriza yatanzwe n'ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije : * ogisijeni ikomoka ku binyabuzima (BOD) * fecal coliform bacteria * amavuta n'amavuta * pH (kurenza imipaka igenga) * byose byahagaritswe (TSS). ''Amabwiriza y’ubuvuzi bwa kabiri'' akubiyemo ibipimo by’isohoka mu gihugu kuri BOD, pH na TSS, bikoreshwa ku nganda zitunganya imyanda muri Amerika == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} tasbq63bae2bxo03t8k3qifob4qz1fx 0 14373 139965 138765 2026-09-24T13:20:02Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139965 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Glycine max 15-p.bot-glyci.max-031.jpg|thumb|Ubuhinzi bwa Soya|326x326px]] [[Dosiye:Soybean Pod (48754451708).jpg|thumb|Ubuhinzi bwa Soya]] [[Dosiye:Glycine max 15-p.bot-glyci.max-039.jpg|thumb|Soya]] [[Dosiye:Glycine_max_pod_ripe3_Carol_Rose_(10220453695).jpg|thumb|Ubuhinzi bwa Soya ]] [[Dosiye:Soya Chaap with curry.jpg|thumb|ifu ya soya]] [[Dosiye:Soya Chaap dish.jpg|thumb|soya chap]] [[Dosiye:Soya beans plantation.jpg|left|thumb|Soya]] '''IRIBURIRO''' Soya ni igihingwa kiri mu muryango w’ibinyamisogwe, gikungahaye ku byubaka umubiri (protein)  n’amavuta. Ihingwa cyane mu murambi n’umukenke w’iburasirazuba, mu mayaga, inkombe z'ikiyaga. Yihanganira ubutaka bwagundutse cyangwa se bufite ubusharire, ikera neza mu butaka burimo amazi ahagije kandi umwuka ubasha gutemberamo. Ikindi kandi,  Soya yifitemo ubushobozi bwo kongera mu butaka imyunyu ngugu yo mu bwoko bwa  Azote ifatanije n’udusimba tuba mu butaka turi mu bwoko bwa bagiteri twitwa Rhizobia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.urwego.com/2015/01/ubuhinzi-bwa-soya.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227060212/https://www.urwego.com/2015/01/ubuhinzi-bwa-soya.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/article/umusaruro-wa-soya-ugera-mu-nganda-ziwutunganya-uracyari-mucye-minagri</ref><ref>http://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/ngoma-ikibazo-cy-ibura-ry-isoko-ku-musaruro-w-ubuhinzi-cyavugutiwe-umuti</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/inama-minisiteri-yubuhinzi-igira-abahinzi-muri-iki-gihe-cyimvura-idasanzwe/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227060213/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/inama-minisiteri-yubuhinzi-igira-abahinzi-muri-iki-gihe-cyimvura-idasanzwe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amoko yamamazwa == {| class="wikitable" |'''Ubwoko''' | colspan="2" |'''Ibiburanga''' |- | rowspan="5" | '''Peka 6''' |Igihe yerera [iminsi] |119 |- |Umusaruro [Kg/Ha] |2406 |- |Intungamubiri zirimo (%) |34.2 |- |Amavuta arimo (%) |23.4 |- |Akarere iberanye na ko |Imisozi iciriritse/ Imisozi migufi |- | rowspan="5" |'''SB 24''' |Igihe yerera [iminsi] |129 |- |Umusaruro [Kg/Ha] |2700 |- |Intungamubiri zirimo (%) |33.6 |- |Amavuta arimo (%) |12.42 |- |Akarere iberanye na ko |Imisozi iciriritse |- | rowspan="5" |'''SC. Saga''' |Igihe yerera [iminsi] |125 |- |Umusaruro [Kg/Ha] |3264 |- |Intungamubiri zirimo (%) |32.5 |- |Amavuta arimo (%) |17.24 |- |Akarere iberanye na ko |Imisozi iciriritse |- | rowspan="5" |'''SC. Sequel''' |Igihe yerera [iminsi] |122 |- |Umusaruro [Kg/Ha] |2128 |- |Intungamubiri zirimo (%) |28.9 |- |Amavuta arimo (%) |14.6 |- |Akarere iberanye na ko |Imisozi iciriritse |- | rowspan="5" |'''SC. Squire''' |Igihe yerera [iminsi] |128 |- |Umusaruro [Kg/Ha] |3278 |- |Intungamubiri zirimo (%) |30.4 |- |Amavuta arimo (%) |17.7 |- |Akarere iberanye na ko |Imisozi iciriritse |} ==== Gutegura umurima wa soya ==== * Kurwanya isuri. * Kurima bwa mbere. * Guhinga bwa kabiri (gutabira cyangwa gusanza) bagiye gutera imbuto.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230227060212/http://www.ehinga.org/kin/articles/soybeans/planting</ref> '''Gufumbira''' * Bashyiramo T 10 kuri ha z’ifumbire y’imborera iboze neza mu gihe cy’itabira. * Bakongeramo ifumbire mvaruganda: Kg 100 bya DAP mu itera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuryango.rw/index.php?page=print&id_article=53144 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227060216/https://umuryango.rw/index.php?page=print&id_article=53144 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Cyangwa se bakongeramo rizobiyumu (mikorobi) mu mbuto mbere yo gutera: agapfunyika ka g 40 kavangwa muri Kg 2 z’imbuto.<ref>https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/abahinzi-baragaragaza-impamvu-batitabira-guhinga-soya/</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] [[Ikiciro:Imboga]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiribwa]] [[Ikiciro:Imbuto]] j2mo79b2hizwawudolstpez2v620vye 0 14378 140131 91725 2026-09-25T09:10:15Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140131 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Umuyaga wo hagati y'imisozi,''' '''umuyaga wo hasi mu misozi''' cyangwa '''umuyaga w'icyuho''' ni umuyaga usanzwe uhuha mu cyuho kiri hagati yimisozi. Umuyaga w'icyuho ni umuyaga ugendera hasi kandi urashobora gushyirwa mu miyaga ikomeye wo kugipimo cya 20-40 kandi rimwe na rimwe ukarenga nigipimo cya 50. Umuyaga w'icyuho muri rusange urakomeye cyane. Ingero zimiyaga zirimo imiyaga yo kubutaka ihuha inyuze muri strait of Gibraltar - umwe mu miyaga ikomeye muri kano karere witwa Levanter. Imiyaga nk'iyi iboneka ku bindi byuho biri mu misozi, nka tehuantepecer na jochwinde, no mu miyoboro miremire, nka Strait of Juan de Fuca hagati y'imisozi ya Olempike ya Washington n'ikirwa cya Vancouver, Columbiya y'Ubwongereza, Hinlopen Strait hafi ya Spitsbergen. Mu ruzi rwa Columbia Rver Gorge ruri ku mupaka wa Washington na Oregon, Umuyaga ukomeye cyane w’icyuho watumye hashyirwaho uruganda rukora amashanyarazi avuye mumuyaga, hamwe n’umuyaga mwinshi unyura ku ruzi rwa Columbia. Urundi rugero ni umuyaga wa Koshava muri Seribiya unyura ku ruzi rwa Danube. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=956–973}}</ref> Imisozi ya Karipati y'Amajyepfo n'imisozi ya Balkan inyurwamo n'umuyaga ujya mu kibaya cy'umugezi wa Danube muri Rumaniya kandi umuyaga usohokera kumarembo y'icyuma(Iron Gates) uzwi kw' izina ry'umuyaga wa Koshava. Ibintu nyamukuru biranga umuyaga wa Koshava ni umuvuduko mwinshi wumuyaga wawo, mu cyerekezo cyamajyepfo yuburasirazuba, kudacogora, no kugendera kumuvuduko mwinshi. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=956–973}}</ref> Muri rusange, imiyaga ya koridor igira ingaruka ku kirere cy’akarere (mu majyepfo y’Ubufaransa), ndetse n’ibimera. Ninibyerekezo bitera umuriro ukaze mubice byibasiwe. Inkubi y'umuyaga ishobora kugendera kuri kilometero zirenga 100/h kandi bigatera kwangirika k' umutungo. == Reba kandi == * Umuyaga w'icyuho (imiterere ya geografiya) * Ikibaya umuyaga usohokeramo == Amashakiro == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> * Bendall, AA, 1982: Urwego rwo hasi runyura mu nzira ya Gibraltar. Ikinyamakuru Meteorologiya, Vol. 111, imp.&nbsp;149-153 * Colle, BA, CF Misa, 2000: Indorerezi-Igisubizo Cyinshi hamwe na Numero Zigereranya Zitemba Iburasirazuba bwa Pasika zinyuze mu kayira ka Juan de Fuca ku ya 9-10 Ukuboza 1995. Ukwezi Gusubiramo Ikirere: Vol. 128, imp.&nbsp;2398–2422. * Colle, BA, CF Mass, 1998: Inkubi y'umuyaga kuruhande rwiburengerazuba bw'imisozi ya Washington Cascade. Igice cya I: Kwiga-Gukemura cyane Kwitegereza no Kwerekana Icyabaye ku ya 12 Gashyantare 1995. Ukwezi Gusubiramo Ikirere: Vol. 126, imp.&nbsp;28-52. * Hanze, JE, na BA Walter, 1981: Umuyaga mwinshi mu kayira ka Juan de Fuca, Ukwezi gusubiramo ukwezi: Vol. 109, imp.&nbsp;2221–2233. * Abatsinze amanota, RS, 1952: Umuyaga utandukanya imisozi; ubushakashatsi bwumuyaga wo hejuru muri Gibraltar. Buri gihembwe Ikinyamakuru cya Royal Meteorology Society: Vol. 78, pp.&nbsp;53–59 * Misa ikarishye, J. na CF, 2002: Columbia Gorge Gap Flow: Ubushishozi buvuye mu Isesengura Ryakozwe na Ultra-High Resolution Simulation. Amatangazo ya Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika y'ikirere: Vol. 83, pp.&nbsp;1757–1762. * Steenburgh, WJ, DM Schultz, BA Colle, 1998: Imiterere nihindagurika ry’imyuka isohoka mu kigobe cya Tehuantepec, Mexico. Ukwezi Gusubiramo Ikirere: Vol. 126, imp.&nbsp;2673-22691. digthsipni6fb9ycnms6ycjcp2w3176 0 14539 140132 137411 2026-09-25T09:10:22Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140132 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Furaha Jacques''' ni umunyarwandakazi akaba umunyamakurukazi wa bigize umwuga ukora inkuru zi mikino na siporo. Umutoni Claire yakoze kubitangazamakuru bitandukanye haba ibyandika ndetse na radiyo, yakoze kubitangazamakuru bitandukanye nka KT Radio, ndetse na KT TV Rwanda yakomeje akazi ki tangazamakuru rya siporo kuri TK Press na Kigali ToDay aha hose yavugaga imikino n’inkuru za siporo. Furaha Jacques abarizwa mu ishyirahamwe rya banyamakuru ba siporo AJSPOR. Mugabo  ni umufana wa Arsenal yo mu gihugu cyu [[Ubwongereza|bwongereza]] ku mugabane w'[[iburayi]].<ref>https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/abanyamakuru-ba-sports-mu-rwanda-byabanze-mu-nda-bagaragaza-amarangamutima-y</ref><ref>https://www.ktradio.rw/tag/jacques-furaha/</ref><ref>https://muckrack.com/jacques-furaha/articles</ref><ref>https://muckrack.com/jacques-furaha</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/mot/jacques-furaha</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/author/jacques-furaha/</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Abanyamakuru ba siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Abanyamakuru]] t62c7vu6x3xqnot88lszbuutx2640fx 0 14603 140150 136662 2026-09-25T09:26:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140150 wikitext text/x-wiki == Egyptian Vulture == [[Dosiye:Egyptian Vulture (18208369344).jpg|thumb]] Egyptian vulture ni ubwoko bw' inyoni bukunze kwitwa kandi inkoko ya Farawo ikunze kugaragara mubice by' amajyaruguru ya africa kuzamuka zikageza no m' ubuhindi, izi nyoni zifite umwihariko wo kugira amababa ameze nk'umurizo aya niyo ayifasha mukuba yaguruka ikazamuka mubushyuhe mugihe gishyushye cy' umunsi. mubitunga izi nyoni harimo guhiga utundi tunyamanswa duto cyane, kandi izi nyonyi zinatungwa no kurya amagi yizindi nyoni kandi zikaba zikoresha utubuye duto nkintwaro kugirango zibashe kuyamena ziyarye.[https://ebird.org/species/egyvul1][https://animalia.bio/egyptian-vulture][https://4vultures.org/vultures/egyptian-vulture/][http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/egyptian-vulture-neophron-percnopterus] 7b3ottv26vyp4798cpjljzjogdalkqy 0 14642 139986 92091 2026-09-24T13:22:30Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139986 wikitext text/x-wiki == Dark chanting Goshawk == [[Dosiye:Melierax metabates -Kapama Game Reserve, South Africa-8-4c.jpg|thumb]] ni inyoni ihiga mu muryango wa Accipitidae iboneka hirya no hino muri africa no mumajyepfo ya arabiya ikana ifite umubare muke ugaragara mu majyepfo ya maroke. Dark chanting Goshawk ifite umutwe igituza nigice cyo hejuru n'umwijima, mugihe igice cyo hasi usibye amabere n'umukara birera, amababa n'umurizo birirabura hamwe n'umweru ikagira amaguru maremare asa orange n'umutuku. ugereranije igitsina gole ni kinini kuruta igitsina gabo gipima 840G, kugeza ku gitimo ntarengwa cy'umugabo 700G [https://ebird.org/species/dacgos1][https://ebird.org/species/eacgos1][http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/22695425] alu4pizblbchn3vzu2047gkzhufb38q 0 14651 140026 115927 2026-09-24T13:27:20Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140026 wikitext text/x-wiki == Pale chanring Goshawk == [[Dosiye:Melierax canorus -Kalahari Desert, South Africa-8.jpg|thumb|355x355px]] ni inyoni ihiga mu muryango wa Accipitridae,ni inyoni yororoka mu majyepfo y'africa, iyinyoni ni 75cm, ni inyoni ikunda kugaragara hafi y'abantu. ubu bwoko bugera kuri cm 55 z'uburebure hamwe n'amababa ya cm110, ni inyoni ifite umweru wijimye ujya gusa n'imvi,ikagira igihanga ,amaso y'umukara,umurizo w'irabura ,n'amaguru asa umuhondo.[https://ebird.org/species/pacgos1][https://www.peregrinefund.org/explore-raptors-species/hawks/pale-chanting-goshawk][https://www.jenmansafaris.com/pale-chanting-goshawk/] s0soxu1dut6i9m6ep9qpfno1mxjhrs6 0 14696 140194 137473 2026-09-25T11:54:26Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140194 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Pabellón cubierto de Chapín - IMG 20171209 132559 735.jpg|thumb|Forzza volleyball]] '''Forzza Volleyball Tournament''' ni irushanwa ngaruka mwaka rikinwa mu byiciro 4. ni irushanwa ritegurwa Na [[FRVB]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Volleyball mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Volleyball]] mu [[Rwanda]]. Ni irushanwa riteguwe mu rwego rwo gukomeza gufasha amakipe n’abakinnyi kuzamura urwego rw'imikinire. Forzza Volleyball Tournament ni irushanwa riteguwe ribera ahantu hatandukanye, icyiciro cya 2 kizabera Gisagara, ndetse ibindi byiciro 2 bya nyuma bizabera mu [[Umujyi wa Kigali|mujyi wa Kigali]]. Ikipe itwara irushanwa ni ikipe iba yagize igiteranyo cya manota menshi mu byiciro byose 4 biteranije hanyuma ikaba iya mbere. Ikipe ya Gisagara Volleyball Club ya bagabo niyo yegukanye igihembo na [[APR WVC]] y'abagore ryari rimaze ukwezi.<ref>https://igihe.com/imikino/volleyball/article/gisagara-vc-na-apr-vc-zegukanye-forzza-volleyball-tournament-2021</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/112499/forzza-volleyball-tournament-gisagara-vc-na-uvc-wvc-zegukanye-agace-ka-mbere-112499.html</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/volleyball/article/irushanwa-rya-forzza-volleyball-rigeze-ku-gace-ka-3-gisagara-yamaze-kwizera-igikombe</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/volleyball/article/gisagara-vc-na-apr-wvc-zegukanye-irushanwa-rya-forzza-volleyball-2021</ref><ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/gisagara-na-uvc-zahigitse-reg-na-apr-zegukana-igice-cya-mbere-cya-forzza-volleyball-tournament-2021</ref><ref>https://rushyashya.net/amafoto-gisagara-vc-mu-bagabo-ndetse-na-uvc-mu-bagore-begukanye-igice-cya-mbere-cyirushanwa-rya-forzza-volleyball-tournament-2021/</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Siporo ya volleyball]] iuci83akz03e7idup966a4whdjjpjh5 0 14718 140058 138929 2026-09-24T13:37:41Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140058 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Star_of_life2.svg|thumb|Ibirango by'ubuvuzi]] '''Ubuvuzi''' cyangwa '''ubuvuzi rusange''' ni ugutezimbere ubuzima binyuze mu gukumira, gusuzuma, kuvura, gukiza cyangwa gukiza indwara, indwara, ibikomere, n’ubundi bumuga bw’umubiri n’ubwenge mu bantu. Ubuvuzi butangwa n'inzobere mu buzima hamwe n’ubuzima bufatanije. Ubuvuzi, amenyo, farumasi, ububyaza, ubuforomo, optometrie, audiologiya, psychologiya, kuvura akazi, kuvura umubiri, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n'indi myuga y'ubuzima byose bigize ubuvuzi. Harimo imirimo ikorwa mu gutanga ubuvuzi bw'ibanze, ubuvuzi bwisumbuye, n'ubuvuzi bwa kaminuza, ndetse no mubuzima rusange. [[Dosiye:Bypass_surgery_lower_side_at_the_Hasharon_Hospital_(FL45929191).jpg|thumb|Ubuvuzi ]] Ku isi yose y'ibikoresho by'ubuzima, nk'uko bigaragazwa n'umubare w'abaganga ku muntu 10,000, n'igihugu. Amakuru yaturutse mu mibare y’ubuzima ku isi 2010, raporo ya OMS. [Akeneye kuvugururwa] [[Dosiye:Yellow_fever_vaccination_05.jpg|thumb|Yellow fever vaccination 05]] Igishushanyo cy’ibitanda by’ibitaro ku bantu 1000 ku isi mu 2013, ku isonga; Ku ifoto [[Dosiye:World_Health_Organization_Flag.jpg|thumb|Ikirango cy'ubuzima ku rwego mpuzamahanga ]] ni ikigo cya Weill-Cornell (ikigo cyera hagati) Kubona ubuvuzi bishobora gutandukana mu bihugu, abaturage, n'abantu ku giti cyabo, bitewe n’imibereho n’ubukungu ndetse na politiki y’ubuzima. Gutanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi bisobanura "gukoresha igihe cya serivisi z'ubuzima ku giti cyawe kugira ngo tugere ku musaruro mwiza w'ubuzima". Ibintu bigomba kwitabwaho mu bijyanye no kwivuza harimo imbogamizi z'amafaranga (nko kwishingira ubwishingizi), inzitizi z’imiterere n’ibikoresho (nk'amafaranga y’inyongera yo gutwara abantu ndetse no gufata igihe cyo kuruhuka ku kazi kugira ngo ukoreshe izo serivisi), ibyifuzo by’umuco, hamwe n’imipaka bwite; (kubura ubushobozi bwo kuvugana n'abashinzwe ubuzima, kutamenya gusoma no kwandika, amafaranga make). [4] Imipaka kuri serivisi zita ku buzima igira ingaruka mbi ku mikoreshereze y’ubuvuzi, ingaruka z’ubuvuzi, hamwe n’ibisubizo muri rusange (imibereho myiza, impfu). Sisitemu y'ubuzima n'imiryango yashyizweho kugira ngo ihuze ibyifuzo byubuzima bw'abaturage. Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) rivuga ko gahunda y’ubuvuzi ikora neza isaba uburyo bwo gutera inkunga, abakozi bahuguwe neza kandi bahembwa bihagije, amakuru yizewe ashingiraho ibyemezo na politiki, hamwe n’ibigo nderabuzima bibungabunzwe neza kugira ngo bitange ubuziranenge imiti n'ikoranabuhanga. Sisitemu nziza yubuzima ishobora kugira uruhare runini mu bukungu bw'igihugu, iterambere, n'inganda. Ubuvuzi busanzwe bufatwa nk'igikorwa cy'ingenzi mu guteza imbere ubuzima rusange bw'umubiri n'ubwenge ndetse n'imibereho myiza y'abantu ku isi. Urugero rw'ibi ni ukurandura burundu ibicurane ku isi mu 1980, byatangajwe na OMS, ko ari indwara ya mbere mu mateka y’abantu yakuweho n’ubuzima nkana. [6] Gutanga [[Dosiye:Opening_celebrations_for_a_new_medical_center_in_El_Arish_(FL45784263).jpg|thumb|Ubuvuzii]] Hindura Reba kandi: Inzobere mu buzima Ubuvuzi bwibanze bushobora gutangwa mu bigo nderabuzima by'abaturage. Gutanga ubuvuzi bugezweho biterwa n'itsinda ry'inzobere zahuguwe hamwe n'aba paraprofessional bahurira hamwe nk'amakipe atandukanye. Ibi birimo inzobere mu buvuzi, psychologiya, physiotherapie, abaforomo, amenyo, ababyaza n’ubuzima bufatanije, hamwe n’abandi benshi nk’abashinzwe ubuzima rusange, abashinzwe ubuzima bw’abaturage n’abakozi bafasha, batanga gahunda ku buryo bwihariye bwo kwita ku gukumira, kuvura no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe; serivisi. N'ubwo ibisobanuro by'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubuvuzi butandukanye bitewe n'uburyo butandukanye bw’umuco, politiki, imitunganyirize, na disipulini, bigaragara ko hari ubwumvikane buke ko ubuvuzi bw'ibanze bugize ikintu cya mbere cy'ibikorwa by'ubuzima bikomeza kandi bishobora no kubamo yo mu cyiciro cya kabiri n'icya gatatu cyo kwita. Ubuvuzi bushobora gusobanurwa nk'ibya leta cyangwa ibyigenga. Icyumba cyihutirwa akenshi ni ikibanza cyambere cyo gutanga ubuvuzi bwibanze. Ubuvuzi bw'ibanze Hindura Ingingo nyamukuru: Ubuvuzi bwibanze Reba kandi: Ubuvuzi bwibanze, ubuvuzi bwa Ambulatory, n'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa Gari ya moshi y'ibitaro "Therapist Matvei Mudrov" i Khabarovsk, mu Burusiya [9] Ubuvuzi bw'ibanze bivuga imirimo y'inzobere mu buzima zikora nk'ingingo ya mbere yo kugisha inama abarwayi bose bari muri gahunda z'ubuzima. [8] Umunyamwuga nkuyu yaba umuganga wibanze, nkumuganga rusange cyangwa umuganga wumuryango. Undi munyamwuga yaba umwuga wigenga wemewe nka physiotherapiste, cyangwa umuganga w'ibanze utari umuganga nk'umufasha wumuganga cyangwa umuforomo. Ukurikije aho gahunda yubuzima ihagaze, umurwayi ashobora kubanza kubona undi mwuga w'ubuzima, nka farumasi cyangwa umuforomo. Bitewe n'imiterere y'ubuzima, abarwayi bashobora koherezwa kwa kabiri cyangwa kaminuza. Ubuvuzi bwibanze bukunze gukoreshwa nk'ijambo rya serivisi zita ku buzima zigira uruhare mu baturage. Ishobora gutangwa mu buryo butandukanye igenamiterere, nk'ibigo byita ku Byihutirwa bitanga umunsi umwe gahunda cyangwa serivisi mu kugenda. Ubuvuzi bw'ibanze bukubiyemo ubuvuzi bwagutse cyane, harimo imyaka yose y’abarwayi, abarwayi bakomoka mu mibereho n’ubukungu n’imibereho yose, abarwayi bashaka kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza, n’abarwayi bafite ibibazo byose by’ubuzima bukabije kandi budakira bw’umubiri, bwo mu mutwe ndetse n’imibereho, harimo byinshi indwara zidakira. Kubwibyo, umuganga wibanze agomba kuba afite ubumenyi bwagutse mubice byinshi. Gukomeza ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kiranga ubuvuzi bw'ibanze, kubera ko abarwayi bakunze guhitamo kubaza umuganga umwe kugira ngo basuzume buri gihe kandi babone uburyo bwo kwirinda, uburezi ku buzima, kandi igihe cyose bakeneye inama ya mbere ku kibazo gishya cy'ubuzima. Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’ubuvuzi bwibanze (ICPC) ni igikoresho gisanzwe cyo gusobanukirwa no gusesengura amakuru yerekeye ibikorwa by’ubuvuzi bwibanze hashingiwe ku mpamvu yo gusura umurwayi. Indwara zidakira zikunze kuvurwa mubuvuzi bwibanze zishobora kubamo, urugero, hypertension, diyabete, asima, COPD, kwiheba no guhangayika, kubabara umugongo, arthrite cyangwa imikorere ya tiroyide. Ubuvuzi bwibanze burimo kandi serivisi zingenzi zita kubuzima bw’ababyeyi n’abana, nka serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro no gukingira. Muri Amerika, Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku rwego rw’ubuzima mu mwaka wa 2013 bwerekanye ko indwara z’uruhu (42.7%), osteoarthritis hamwe n’indwara zifatika (33,6%), ibibazo by’umugongo (23.9%), indwara ziterwa na metabolisme ya lipide (22.4%), n’indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero yo hejuru; (22.1%, usibye asima) nizo mpamvu zikunze kugaragara kwa muganga. Muri Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika, abaganga bambere bambere batangiye gutanga ubuvuzi bwibanze hanze yubuvuzi bucungwa (ubwishingizi-bwishyuza) binyuze mubuvuzi bwibanze butaziguye aribwo buryo bwo kuvura imiti isanzwe. Abaganga muriki cyitegererezo bishyuza abarwayi serivisi zitaziguye, haba mbere yishyuwe mbere, buri gihembwe, cyangwa buri mwaka, cyangwa fagitire kuri buri serivisi mubiro. Ingero zubuvuzi bwibanze burimo Ubuzima bwibanze muri Colorado na Qliance i Washington. Mu rwego rwo gusaza kw’abatuye isi, hamwe n’umubare w’abantu bakuze bafite ibyago byinshi by’indwara zidakira zandura, biteganijwe ko serivisi z’ubuvuzi bw’ibanze ziyongera vuba mu bihugu byateye imbere ndetse n’iterambere. [13] Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima rivuga ko itangwa ry'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze ari kimwe mu bigize ingamba z’ibanze z’ubuvuzi. Icyiciro cya kabiri Hindura Ibitaro by’Urwibutso rwa Jackson i Miami, ibitaro by’ibanze byigisha by’ishuri ry’ubuvuzi rya Leonard M. Miller wo muri kaminuza ya Miami ndetse n’ibitaro binini muri Amerika bifite ibitanda 1.547 [15] Icyiciro cya kabiri cyubuvuzi gikubiyemo ubuvuzi bukabije: ubuvuzi bukenewe mugihe gito kuburwayi bugufi ariko bukomeye, ibikomere, cyangwa ubundi buzima. Ubu buvuzi bukunze kuboneka mu ishami ryihutirwa ryibitaro. Amashuri yisumbuye akubiyemo no kwitabira ubuhanga mugihe cyo kubyara, ubuvuzi bukomeye, hamwe na serivisi zerekana amashusho. Ijambo "ubuvuzi bwa kabiri" rimwe na rimwe rikoreshwa kimwe na "care care". Nyamara, abatanga ubuvuzi bwisumbuye benshi, nk'abaganga b'indwara zo mu mutwe, abahanga mu by'imitekerereze ya muntu, abavuzi babigize umwuga, inzobere mu menyo cyangwa abahanga mu kuvura indwara z'umubiri, ntibakenera gukorera mu bitaro. Serivise zimwe zibanze zitangwa mubitaro. Bitewe n’imitunganyirize na politiki ya gahunda y’ubuzima y’igihugu, abarwayi barashobora gusabwa kubonana n’ibanze kugira ngo babohereze mbere yo kubona ubuvuzi bwa kabiri. [17] Mu bihugu bikorera muri gahunda y’ubuvuzi ivanze n’isoko, abaganga bamwe bagabanya imyitozo yabo ku buvuzi bwa kabiri basaba abarwayi kubanza kubona ubuvuzi bwibanze. Iri tegeko rishobora gushyirwaho hakurikijwe amasezerano yo kwishyura muri gahunda yubwishingizi bwubuzima bwigenga cyangwa mumatsinda. Mu bindi bihe, inzobere mu buvuzi zishobora kubona abarwayi bataboherejwe, kandi abarwayi bashobora guhitamo niba boherejwe ubwabo. Mu bindi bihugu, abarwayi biyitirira inzobere mu buvuzi kugira ngo bavurwe mu cyiciro cya kabiri ntibisanzwe kuko kubanza koherezwa ku wundi muganga (yaba umuganga w’ibanze cyangwa undi muhanga) bifatwa nkenerwa, hatitawe ku kuba inkunga ituruka muri gahunda z’ubwishingizi bw’abikorera cyangwa ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima bw’igihugu; . Inzobere mu by'ubuzima zifatanije, nk'abavuzi b'umubiri, abavuzi b'ubuhumekero, abavuzi babigize umwuga, abavuga imvugo, n'abashinzwe imirire, na bo muri rusange bakora mu buvuzi bwa kabiri, baboneka binyuze mu kohereza abarwayi ubwabo cyangwa bakohereza abaganga. Ubuvuzi bwa gatatu Hindura Ibitaro by’igihugu bishinzwe ubuvuzi bw’imyororokere na Neurosurgie i Londere, mu Bwongereza ni ibitaro by’inzobere mu bijyanye n’imitsi. Ubuvuzi bwa Tertiary ni ubuvuzi bwihariye bwo kwita ku buzima, ubusanzwe ku barwayi no koherezwa n’inzobere mu buzima bw’ibanze cyangwa yisumbuye, mu kigo gifite abakozi n’ibikoresho byo gukora iperereza ry’ubuvuzi n’ubuvuzi, nka kaminuza. y ibitaro byoherejwe. Urugero rwa serivisi zita ku barwayi bo mu rwego rwa gatatu ni imicungire ya [[kanseri]], kubaga indwara zo mu mutwe, kubaga umutima, kubaga plasitike, kuvura inkongi y'umuriro ikabije, serivisi zita ku barwayi ba neonatologiya, palliative, ndetse n'ibindi bikorwa bigoye byo kuvura no kubaga. Kwita kuri kane Hindura Ijambo kwita kuri quaternary rimwe na rimwe rikoreshwa nko kwagura ubuvuzi bwa kaminuza mu rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubuvuzi bwihariye kandi butagerwaho cyane. Ubuvuzi bw'igeragezwa hamwe nuburyo bumwe na bumwe budasanzwe bwo gusuzuma cyangwa kubaga bifatwa nk'ubuvuzi bwa kane. Izi serivisi zitangwa gusa mu mubare muto w’ibigo nderabuzima byo mu karere cyangwa by’igihugu. [20] Murugo no kwita kubaturage Hindura Reba kandi: Ubuzima rusange Ubwoko bwinshi bwubuvuzi butangwa hanze yibigo nderabuzima. Harimo ibikorwa byinshi bifasha inyungu zubuzima rusange, nko kugenzura umutekano wibiribwa, gukwirakwiza udukingirizo na gahunda yo guhana inshinge hagamijwe gukumira indwara zanduza. Harimo kandi serivisi zinzobere mumiturire n’abaturage mu rwego rwo gushyigikira kwiyitaho, kwita ku rugo, kwita ku gihe kirekire, ubufasha bufasha, kuvura indwara ziterwa n’ibiyobyabwenge mu bundi bwoko bwa serivisi zita ku buzima n’imibereho myiza. Serivisi ishinzwe gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abaturage irashobora gufasha mu kugenda no kwigenga nyuma yo gutakaza ingingo cyangwa gutakaza imikorere. Ibi birashobora kubamo prothèse, orthotics, cyangwa intebe yimuga. Ibihugu byinshi bihura n’abaturage basaza, bityo kimwe mu byihutirwa muri gahunda y’ubuvuzi ni ugufasha abageze mu zabukuru kubaho ubuzima bwuzuye, bwigenga mu ngo zabo. Hariho igice cyose cyubuvuzi kigamije guha abakuru ubufasha mubikorwa bya buri munsi murugo nko gutwara abantu no kubonana na muganga hamwe nibindi bikorwa byinshi byingenzi mubuzima bwabo no kumererwa neza. Nubwo batanga urugo kubantu bakuze mubufatanye, abagize umuryango hamwe nabakozi bashinzwe kurera barashobora kugira imyumvire itandukanye nindangagaciro kubikorwa byabo. Iyi miterere irerekana imbogamizi mugushushanya ICT (amakuru n'ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho) yo kwita ku rugo. Kubera ko imibare yerekana ko Abanyamerika barenga miliyoni 80 bakuye igihe ku mirimo yabo y'ibanze kugira ngo bita ku muntu ukunda, [23] ibihugu byinshi byatangiye gutanga porogaramu nka Porogaramu ishinzwe ubufasha bw’umuguzi yemerera abagize umuryango kwita ku bo bakunda. imwe idatanze amafaranga yose yinjiza. Kubera ko umubyibuho ukabije mu bana uhita uhangayikishwa cyane, serivisi z'ubuzima zikunze gushyiraho gahunda mu mashuri zigamije kwigisha abana ibijyanye no kurya indyo yuzuye, bigatuma uburezi bw’umubiri busabwa ndetse no kwigisha ingimbi n'abangavu kugira isura nziza. Ibipimo Hindura Ingingo nyamukuru: Ibipimo byubuzima Ibipimo byubuzima ni amanota cyangwa isuzuma ryubuvuzi bukoreshwa mugusuzuma inzira yubuvuzi n'inzego zita ku buzima hamwe na / cyangwa ibisubizo bya serivisi z'ubuzima. Aya makuru yahinduwe mu makarita ya raporo atangwa n’imiryango ifite ireme, idaharanira inyungu, amatsinda y’abaguzi n’itangazamakuru. Iri suzuma ryubuziranenge rishingiye ku ngamba za: ubuziranenge bwibitaro gahunda yubuzima bwiza ubuvuzi bwiza ubuziranenge kubandi bashinzwe ubuzima bw'uburambe bw'abarwayi Inzego zijyanye Hindura Ubuvuzi ntiburenze gutanga serivisi ku barwayi, bukubiyemo [[Imirenge y’u Rwanda|imirenge]] myinshi ifitanye isano, kandi bushyirwa mu ishusho nini y’imari n’inzego z’imiyoborere. Sisitemu yubuzima Hindura Ingingo z'ingenzi: Sisitemu yubuzima na sisitemu yubuzima byigihugu Sisitemu yubuzima, rimwe na rimwe nanone yitwa sisitemu yubuzima cyangwa sisitemu yubuzima, ni imitunganyirize yabantu, ibigo, nubutunzi butanga serivisi zita kubuzima kubantu bakeneye ubufasha. Inganda zita ku buzima Hindura Reba kandi: Inganda zita ku buzima nubukungu bwubuzima Inganda zita ku buzima zirimo imirenge myinshi igamije gutanga serivisi zita ku buzima n’ibicuruzwa. Mu rwego rw’ibanze mu gusobanura urwego, Umuryango mpuzamahanga w’umuryango w’abibumbye ushyira mu byiciro urwego rw’ubuvuzi rushyira mu bikorwa ubuvuzi nko muri rusange ibikorwa by’ibitaro, ibikorwa by’ubuvuzi n’amenyo, ndetse n’ibindi bikorwa by’ubuzima bw’abantu. Icyiciro cyanyuma kirimo ibikorwa by, cyangwa bikurikiranwa nabaforomo, ababyaza, physiotherapiste, laboratoire yubumenyi cyangwa isuzumabumenyi, amavuriro ya patologiya, ibigo nderabuzima bituye, abunganira abarwayi [24] cyangwa indi myuga ifitanye isano n’ubuzima. Byongeye kandi, ukurikije inganda n’ibyiciro by’isoko, nkibipimo ngenderwaho by’inganda ku rwego rw’isi hamwe n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’inganda, ubuvuzi burimo ibyiciro byinshi by’ubuvuzi, ibikoresho na serivisi birimo ibinyabuzima, laboratoire yo gusuzuma n’ibintu, gukora ibiyobyabwenge no kubitanga. Kurugero, imiti nibindi bikoresho byubuvuzi nibyo biza ku isonga mu ikoranabuhanga ryoherezwa mu Burayi no muri Amerika. [26] Amerika yiganje mu bijyanye n’ibinyabuzima, bingana na bitatu bya kane by’amafaranga yinjira mu ikoranabuhanga ku isi. [25] [27] Ubushakashatsi ku buzima Hindura Ingingo z'ingenzi: Ubushakashatsi mu by'ubuvuzi n'ubushakashatsi bw'abaforomo Kubisobanuro byingenzi, reba siyanse yubuzima. Ubwinshi nubwiza bwibikorwa byinshi byita ku buzima byanozwa binyuze mu bisubizo bya siyansi, nko gutera imbere binyuze mu buryo bw’ubuvuzi bw’ubuzima bwibanda ku kurandura indwara binyuze mu gusuzuma no kuvura neza. Iterambere ryinshi ryingenzi ryatewe nubushakashatsi bwubuzima, ubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima nubushakashatsi bwa farumasi, aribwo shingiro ryubuvuzi bushingiye ku bimenyetso hamwe n’ibikorwa bishingiye ku bimenyetso mu gutanga ubuvuzi. Ubushakashatsi bwita ku buzima bukunze guhura n’abarwayi, kandi nkibibazo nkibi abo bagomba kwishora hamwe nuburyo bwo kubana nabo biba ngombwa kubitekerezaho mugihe ushaka kubishyira mubikorwa. Nubwo imyitozo imwe myiza itabaho, ibisubizo by'isuzuma rifatika ku bijyanye no gusezerana kw'abarwayi byerekana ko uburyo bw'ubushakashatsi bwo guhitamo abarwayi bugomba kubarwa ku kuba abarwayi bahari ndetse n'ubushake bwo kwishora. Ubushakashatsi bwa serivisi z'ubuzima bushobora gutuma habaho uburyo bunoze bwo gutanga serivisi zita ku buzima, nk'uko byateye imbere binyuze mu mibereho y’ubuzima n’ubumuga, bishimangira impinduka z’abaturage zishobora gukorwa kugira ngo abaturage bagire ubuzima bwiza. Ibisubizo bivuye mu bushakashatsi bwa serivisi z'ubuzima akenshi bigize ishingiro rya politiki ishingiye ku bimenyetso muri sisitemu z'ubuzima. Ubushakashatsi bwa serivisi z'ubuzima nabwo bufashwa n’ibikorwa mu rwego rw’ubwenge bw’ubukorikori hagamijwe guteza imbere sisitemu y’isuzuma ry’ubuzima zifite akamaro mu mavuriro, ku gihe, zita ku mpinduka, umuco, umuco, umutwaro muke, uhendutse, wubatswe mu buryo busanzwe, kandi shyiramo umurwayi. Amafaranga yo kwivuza Hindura Reba kandi: Sisitemu yubuzima, politiki yubuzima, hamwe nubuvuzi rusange Reba cyangwa uhindure amakuru yinkomoko. Amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu buzima yose ni agace ka GDP. Muri rusange hari uburyo butanu bwibanze bwo gutera inkunga sisitemu yubuzima: [32] Umusoro rusange kuri leta, [[intara]] cyangwa komine Ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima Ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima ku bushake cyangwa bwigenga Kwishura hanze Impano ku miryango nterankunga Mu bihugu byinshi, hariho imvange yuburyo butanu, ariko ibi biratandukana mubihugu ndetse nigihe kinini mubihugu. Usibye uburyo bwo gutera inkunga, ikibazo cyingenzi kigomba guhora ari amafaranga yo kwivuza. Mu ntumbero yo kugereranya, ibi bikunze kugaragazwa nkijanisha rya GDP ryakoreshejwe mubuvuzi. Mu bihugu bya OECD kuri buri $ $ 1000 yakoreshejwe mu kwivuza, icyizere cyo kubaho kigabanuka ku myaka 0.4. Isano nk'iryo igaragara mu isesengura ryakozwe buri mwaka na Bloomberg. Ikigaragara ni uko ubu bwoko bw'isesengura bufite amakosa kubera ko igihe cyo kubaho ari igipimo kimwe gusa cy'imikorere ya sisitemu y'ubuzima, ariko kimwe, igitekerezo cy'uko inkunga nyinshi ari nziza ntabwo gishyigikiwe. Mu mwaka wa 2011, inganda zita ku buzima zatwaye impuzandengo ya 9.3 ku ijana bya GDP cyangwa US $ 3,322 (PPP-yahinduwe) kuri buri muntu mu bihugu 34 bigize ibihugu bya OECD. Amerika (17.7%, cyangwa US $ PPP 8,508), Ubuholandi (11.9%, 5.099), Ubufaransa (11,6%, 4.118), Ubudage (11.3%, 4.495), Kanada (11.2%, 5669), n'Ubusuwisi (11) %, 5,634) ni bo bakoresheje amafaranga menshi, icyakora icyizere cyo kubaho mu baturage bose bavutse cyari kinini mu Busuwisi (imyaka 82.8), Ubuyapani n'Ubutaliyani (82.7), Espagne na Isilande (82.4), Ubufaransa (82.2) na Ositaraliya (82.0), mugihe impuzandengo ya OECD irenga imyaka 80 kunshuro yambere muri 2011: imyaka 80.1, inyungu yimyaka 10 kuva 1970. Amerika (imyaka 78.7) iri kumwanya wa 26 gusa mubihugu 34 bigize OECD, ariko ifite ibiciro byinshi kugeza ubu. Ibihugu byose bya OECD byageze ku buzima rusange (cyangwa hafi ya byose), usibye Amerika na Mexico. [35] (reba no kugereranya mpuzamahanga.) Muri Amerika, aho hafi 18% bya GDP bikoreshwa mu kwivuza, [34] Isesengura ry’ikigega cya Commonwealth cy’imikoreshereze n’ubuziranenge ryerekana isano iri hagati y’imiterere mibi n’ikoreshwa ryinshi. Ubuyobozi n'amabwiriza Hindura Reba kandi: Ibisabwa mubuzima bwumwuga Ubuyobozi nubuyobozi bwubuvuzi nibyingenzi mugutanga serivisi zubuzima. By'umwihariko, imikorere y’inzobere mu buzima n’imikorere y’ibigo nderabuzima ubusanzwe bigengwa n’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu cyangwa leta / intara binyuze mu nzego zibishinzwe zibishinzwe hagamijwe kwizeza ubuziranenge. Ibihugu byinshi bifite abakozi bafite ibyemezo mu nama ngenzuramikorere cyangwa mu ishami ry’ubuzima bandika ibyemezo cyangwa impushya z’abakozi b’ubuzima n’amateka y’akazi. Ikoranabuhanga mu makuru yubuzima Hindura Andi makuru: Ikoranabuhanga ryamakuru yubuzima, gucunga amakuru yubuzima, informatics yubuzima, eUbuzima, nikoranabuhanga ryubuzima Ikoranabuhanga ryamakuru yubuzima (HIT) ni "ikoreshwa ryogutunganya amakuru arimo ibyuma bya mudasobwa hamwe na software ikora mububiko, kugarura al, gusangira, no gukoresha amakuru yita ku buzima, amakuru, n'ubumenyi mu itumanaho no gufata ibyemezo. "[40] Ibigize ikoranabuhanga mu buzima: Ubuzima bwa elegitoroniki (EHR) - EHR ikubiyemo amateka y’ubuvuzi yuzuye y’umurwayi, kandi irashobora gushiramo inyandiko z’abatanga serivisi nyinshi. Ubuvuzi bwa elegitoroniki (EMR) - EMR ikubiyemo amakuru asanzwe y’ubuvuzi n’ubuvuzi yakusanyirijwe mu biro by’umuntu utanga serivisi. Ubuzima Bwihariye (PHR) - PHR ni amateka y’ubuvuzi bw’umurwayi abikwa wenyine, kugira ngo akoreshwe ku giti cye. Porogaramu yubuvuzi yubuvuzi (MPM) - yashizweho kugirango yorohereze imirimo ya buri munsi yo gukora ikigo nderabuzima. Azwi kandi nka progaramu yo gucunga imyitozo cyangwa sisitemu yo kuyobora imyitozo (PMS). Guhana amakuru ku buzima (HIE) - Guhana amakuru ku buzima bituma inzobere mu buvuzi n’abarwayi bashobora kubona neza kandi bagasangira neza amakuru y’ingenzi y’ubuvuzi y’umurwayi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. == Indangamurongo == [http://igihe.com] s45gcfrairmc5q9v5gtvzyk0h4uaiso 0 14779 140104 92295 2026-09-25T09:07:05Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Niyonizigiye Francine''' (wavutse ku ya 26 Nzeri 1988) <ref>Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill ; et al. " Francine Niyonizigiye Olympic Results" . Olympics at Sports-Reference.com . Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2017.</ref> ni umukinnyi wu mu Burundi uzobereye mu mukino wo kwiruka. <ref>"Francine Niyonizigiye" . Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2017.</ref> Yitabiriye imikino y'Olempike yo mu 2008 yabereye i Beijingmu kwiruka metero 5000, arangiza ku mwanya wa 14 akoresheje imitona 17: 08.44. Niyonizigiye niwe wari afite ibendera ryigihugu mu birori byo gutangiza amarushanwa. <ref>"Flag-bearers for Beijing Olympic Games opening ceremony" . Xinhua. August 8, 2008. Archived from the original on August 11, 2008. Retrieved October 20, 2012.</ref> == Amashakiro == * Francine Niyonizigiye at World Athletics * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120823005054/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete%3D50943/bio/index.html NBC pr]profile == Reba == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru]] jd9f4et9lz037n812ji763eyqluassu 0 14819 140105 92362 2026-09-25T09:07:12Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140105 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_(1825-1905)_-Youth_(1893).jpg|thumb| ''Umufaransa w’Urbyiruko'' ushushanya William-Adolphe Bouguereau. Umuzungu wasangaga uhujwe no kwezwa kwimihango, umwera nubusugi mumico yuburengerazuba.]] '''Ubusugi''' ni ukuvuga umuntu utarigeze akora imibonano mpuzabitsina. <ref name="Virginity2">{{Cite web |title=Virginity |url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Virgin |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213145246/https://www.thefreedictionary.com/virgin |archive-date=February 13, 2021 |access-date=December 21, 2013 |publisher=[[TheFreeDictionary.com]]}}</ref> Ijambo ''isugi'' mu ntangiriro rivuga gusa ku bagore badafite uburambe mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, ariko ryarahindutse rikubiyemo ibisobanuro bitandukanye, nkuko tubisanga mu myumvire gakondo, igezweho ndetse n’imyitwarire. <ref name="Blank">{{Cite book|pages=304 pages}}</ref> Abantu badahuje igitsina barashobora cyangwa ntibashobora gutekereza ko gutakaza ubusugi bibaho gusa binyuze mu gitsina cy’uugabo - kibyara, <ref name="Carpenter" /> <ref name="Intimate" /> [ ikyo nicyo gisobanuro cyo gutakaza ubusugi. <ref name="Carpenter" /> <ref name="Blank" /> Hariho imigenzo n’umuco n’amadini biha agaciro gakomeye nakamaro kuri iyi ngingo, cyane cyane ku bagore batashyingiranywe, bifitanye isano n’ibitekerezo byera, icyubahiro, nagaciro. Kimwe no kuba indakemwa, igitekerezo cy'ubusugi cyakunze gufatwa gutyo. Igitekerezo cyubusugi mubisanzwe gikubiyemo ibibazo byimyitwarire cyangwa idini kandi birashoboka ko bigira ingaruka mubijyanye n'imibereho no mubusabane bwabantu. <ref name="Bennett">{{Cite book|pages=19–21}}</ref> Nubwo ubusugi bugira ingaruka ku mibereho kandi bukaba bwaragize uruhare rukomeye mu mategeko y’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe mu bihe byashize, nta nkurikizi zemewe n'amategeko mu bihugu byinshi muri iki gihe. Ingaruka mbonezamubano zubusugi ziracyari muri societe nyinshi kandi zishobora kugira ingaruka zitandukanye kumuryango wabantu. ec29bzqy9i4yfjm8pld0f2yatfz40c0 0 14831 140118 105494 2026-09-25T09:08:43Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140118 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Feuillet Rémi''' (yavutse 22 Ukuboza 1992) ni umukinnyi wa jido ukomoka muri [[Morise|Maurice]]. <ref>[[Rémi Feuillet]] at the International Judo Federation</ref> Yakundishijwe Jido na se Frédéric wahoze ari umuyobozi wa tekinike mu ikipe ya judo ya Maurice. <ref>"Frédéric Feuillet, père du judoka Rémi Feuillet : "Je suis heureux et fier comme tout père le serait" | 5- Plus Dimanche" . www.5plus.mu .</ref> Aba mu [[Ubufaransa|Bufaransa]] kandi aba muri Val-d'Oise kandi yitoreza muri Villiers-le-Bel. <ref>"Val-d'Oise. Villiers-le-Bel : le judoka Rémi Feuillet vise les JO de Tokyo" . actu.fr .</ref> Yatsindiye imidari ibiri ikurikirana ya bronze muri Shampiyona nyafurika ya Judo yaje ku mwanya wa karindwi muri Shampiyona y'isi ya Jido. <ref>"Mauritius judoka Feuillet looks towards Tokyo 2020 after World Championships" . www.insidethegames.biz . June 12, 2021.</ref> <ref>Houston, Michael (23 May 2021). "Rouhou reclaims title on final day of African Judo Championships" . InsideTheGames.biz . Retrieved 23 May 2021.</ref> Yatoranijwe kuzitabira imikino yo mu mpeshyi ya 2020 akaba yahuye na Shoichiro Mukai mu cyiciro cya mbere. <ref>"Remi Feuillet" . Tokyo 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021.</ref> == Reba == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi uterura ibiremereye]] 4dl091xr3o3gg2fif6fdyvjn9uqk27y 0 14842 140044 92387 2026-09-24T13:29:28Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Dieudonne Dolassem''' (wavutse ku ya 4 Nzeri 1979) <ref name=":0">Dieudonne Dolassem Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill ; et al. "Dieudonne Dolassem Olympic Results" . Olympics at Sports-Reference.com . Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2018.</ref> ni umukinnyi wa jido wo muri Kameruni.<ref name=":0" /> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418050417/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/do/dieudonne-dolassem-1.html Sports reference]</ref> Yitabiriye amarushanwa yo mu mpeshyi ya 2012 mu cyiciro cya bafite ibiro 90 atsindwa mu cyiciro cya mbere na Varlam Liparteliani. <ref>"[[Landan|London]] 2012 profile" . Archived from the original on 2012-08-06. Retrieved 2012-08-04.</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == amashakiro == Dieudonne Dolassem muri federasiyo mpuzamahanga ya Judo Dieudonne Dolassem kuri JudoInside.com Dieudonne Dolassem muri Olempike.com Dieudonne Dolassem muri Olympia Dieudonne Dolassem muri federasiyo yimikino ya Commonwealth [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi uterura ibiremereye]] 0mstgnqu9nwdty3vt2usd3vb6ro557x 0 14851 140220 92396 2026-09-25T11:57:21Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140220 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lucas Telly Diallo''' (yavutse ku ya 13 Nyakanga 1996) ni umukinnyi wa jido ukomoka muri Burkinafaso uhatanira mu icyiciro cya batarengeje ibiro 73&nbsp;.<ref>{{Cite web |title=En Route Pour Tokyo 2021 : Lucas Telly DIALLO, judoka Burkinabè à la découverte des Jeux Olympiques |url=https://www.sports.gov.bf/detail?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=176&cHash=d0a615c6fede9120c83b64d8d0239147}}</ref> Yatoranijwe guhatanira Burkina Faso mumikino yabaye muri 2020 yabereye i Tokiyo. Yanganyije umukino we wa mbere na Cedric Bessi wa Monaco. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Judo DIALLO Lucas - Tokyo 2020 Olympics |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/judo/athlete-profile-n1287376-diallo-lucas.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724075154/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/judo/athlete-profile-n1287376-diallo-lucas.htm |archive-date=2021-07-24 |access-date=2021-07-24 |website=Olympics.com/tokyo-2020/ |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |language=en-us}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi uterura ibiremereye]] fn6azcyohzzn92rqfpv3l1vkskdjm4y 0 14870 140203 92417 2026-09-25T11:55:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140203 wikitext text/x-wiki '''René Djédjémel Mélédjé''' (wavutse ku ya 5 Kamena 1958) ni umukinnyi w'imikino y'inzitizi ya [[Kote Divuwari]].<ref name=":0" /> Muri Shampiyona nyafurika yo mu 1985 yatsinze metero 110 yiruka arangiza ari uwa gatatu muri metero 400 . <ref name=":0">[http://www.gbrathletics.com/ic/afc.htm African Championships] – GBR Athletics</ref> Yatsindiye imidari ya bronze muri metero 400 yirukanka muri Summer Universiade ya 1985 <ref name=":1">[http://www.gbrathletics.com/ic/wsgm.htm World Student Games (Universiade – Men)] – GBR Athletics</ref> no mu kwiruka metero 110 mu mikino yabereye muri Afurika 1987 . <ref>[http://www.gbrathletics.com/ic/afg.htm All-Africa Games] – GBR Athletics</ref> Yitabiriye metero 4 × 400 mu marushanwa y'isi ya 1983, imikino Olempike yo mu 1984, Shampiyona y'isi 1987 na Olempike yo mu 1988 .<ref name=":1" /> Igihe cye cyiza ni amasegonda 48,94, yageze muri Kanama 1986 i Zürich. Nibikorwa byubu byigihugu. == Ibyo yagezeho == {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing {{CIV}} |- |1987 |[[1987 All-Africa Games|All-Africa Games]] |[[Nairobi, Kenya]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |110 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 1987 All-Africa Games|14.30]] |} == Reba == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * René Djédjémel Mélédjé at World Athletics [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wiruka n'amaguru]] [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru]] qjw20b8jm936ulo5pwgfmic1dfvko98 0 14879 140221 117228 2026-09-25T11:57:28Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140221 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Dosiye:Marathon de Toulouse 2014 - 3066.jpg|thumb|289x289px]] '''Meïté Amadou''' (28 Ugushyingo 1949 &#x2013; 11 Gashyantare 2014) yari umukinnyi wo gusiganwa ku maguru ukomoka muri Kote Divuwari, wari uhagarariye igihugu cye kavukire cya Afurika y'Iburengerazuba inshuro ebyiri mu mikino Olempike yo mu mpeshyi : 1972 na 1976. Azwi cyane mu gutsindira umudari wa zahabu muri metero 100 mu bagabo mu mikino yabereye muri Afurika 1978 . [[Dosiye:Flag map of Ivory Coast.svg|thumb]] Meïté ni se wa Ben Youssef Meïté, wegukanye umudali wa Afurika inshuro ebyiri muri 2010 na 2012, muri metero 100 na 200. Muri Mutarama 2014, Amadou Meïté yari mu bitaro i Abidjan kubera uburwayi butamenyekanye, nyuma yo kwimurirwa aho mu bitaro bya kaminuza i Yopougon. Yapfuye muri Gashyantare 2014 afite imyaka 64. == Ibyiza bye bwite == * Metero 100 &#x2013; 10.32 (1980) == Reba == <references /> == Amashakiro == *   [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru]] irxf5i7mfjvzffrj2ot4gb67ialk123 0 14943 140003 135340 2026-09-24T13:24:30Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140003 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:2024 Floods 04.jpg|thumb|318x318px]] '''''Ibiza''''' ni ikinyamakuru cya buri gihembwe cy’amasomo cyasohowe na Wiley-Blackwell abinyujije mu kigo gishinzwe iterambere ry’amahanga (ODI). ''Iiki kinyamakuru'' gicungwa nitsinda rya ry'ubutabazi muri ODI. <ref name="Wor">{{Cite web |date= |title=Disasters - Overview - Wiley Online Library |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1467-7717/homepage/ProductInformation.html |access-date=2013-04-11 |publisher=Onlinelibrary.wiley.com |doi=10.1111/(ISSN)1467-7717}}</ref> Iki kinyamakuru cyashinzwe mu 1977 gikubiyemo ingingo z’ubushakashatsi bw’ibiza na politiki y’imicungire y'ibiza. ''Ibiza'' itangaza raporo, ingingo zo kwiga hamwe nimpapuro zamasomo. Kuri ubu ikosorwa na Sara Pantuliano (Ikigo gishinzwe iterambere mu mahanga), Helen Young ( Kaminuza ya Tufts ), na John Twigg ( Ishuri Rikuru rya Kaminuza London ). <ref>[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1467-7717/homepage/EditorialBoard.html "Editorial Board,"] journal website. Accessed: April 11, 2013.</ref> Nk’uko ''ikinyamakuru Citation Reports'' kibitangaza ngo iki kinyamakuru gifite ingaruka ku mwaka wa 2011 kigera kuri 0.692, kiza ku mwanya wa 36 mu binyamakuru 54 biri mu cyiciro "Igenamigambi n'Iterambere". [[Dosiye:Disaster_for_environment.jpg|thumb|ibiza byangije ibidukikije ]] == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} sb6j1jlo2aif58utrpuakk26gww9cs4 0 14982 140084 128865 2026-09-25T09:04:45Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140084 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Zosterops poliogastrus kikuyuensis - Tiergarten Schönbrunn - Ausschnitt.jpg|thumb]] Heuglin ni ubwoko bw'inyoni mu muryango wa Zosteropidae. Iboneka mu majyaruguru y'iburasirazuba bwa Afurika, cyane cyane muri etiyopiya na kenya. Ikunda ahantu nyaburanga no mu mashyamba ya subtropical cyangwa tropical yo mu misozi (montane) [https://web.archive.org/web/20230310161143/https://ebird.org/species/brrwhe6] ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kuva mu 2014 bwagaragaje ko izina ry'icyongereza ryahinduwe riva kuri <nowiki>''</nowiki> montane white-eye<nowiki>''</nowiki> rihinduka <nowiki>''</nowiki> heuglin's white eye".[https://xeno-canto.org/species/Zosterops-poliogastrus] 4g9bemsxcib6hhnmt3gxvrrmrsphtpu 0 14984 139978 120765 2026-09-24T13:21:34Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139978 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Children_in_air.jpg|thumb|'''Uburyo bwo kwita ku bana bakina''' ]] '''Uburyo bwo kwita ku bana''' cyangwa CCMS mu magambo y' impine mu [[Icyongereza|cyongereza]], ni gahunda yo muri [[Ositaraliya]] ku rwego rw'igihugu yita ku bana igamije gushyira serivisi zose zemewe zo kwita ku bana kuri murandasi. Ibigo bigomba kunyura muri porogaramu ibarura amakuru ku bana, kwiyandikisha no kwitabira ku ishami ry’uburezi, gutanga akazi n’aho akazi gakorerwa (DEEWR). Ibi bituma ishami ribara ubwishyu ku nyungu zo kwita ku bana (CCB) kugabanya amafaranga mu cyimbo cy'abana muri serivisi zabo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Child Care Service Providers |url=http://www.deewr.gov.au/Earlychildhood/Programs/ChildCareforServices/Pages/Home.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317141939/http://www.deewr.gov.au/EarlyChildhood/Programs/ChildCareforServices/Pages/Home.aspx |archive-date=17 March 2012 |access-date=11 March 2012}}</ref> CCBs ni amafranga atangwa na leta ya Australiya kuri serivisi zita kubana kugirango barere [[Dosiye:School_with_a_group_of_young_african_children_1.jpg|thumb|Abana]] abana. [[Dosiye:African_children_doing_an_exercise.jpg|thumb|Abana]] == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Dosiye:African_children_with_donated_school_supplies.jpg|thumb|Abana]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120317141909/http://www.deewr.gov.au/Earlychildhood/Programs/ChildCareforServices/Operation/Pages/CCMSSoftwareProviders.aspx Ipaji ya DEEWR ifite amakuru kurutonde nurutonde rwabatanga software byemewe] . * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140731235552/http://education.gov.au/child-care-management-system-new-child-care-services https://web.archive.org/web/20140731235552/http:] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150422234817/http://www.mychild.gov.au/sites/mychild/childcare-information/pages/benefit http://www.umukobwa.gov.au/urubuga/umwana/umwana-amakuru-amakuru/page/benefit] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200310002542/https://www.childcarecoursesinadelaide.com.au/blog/a-rewarding-career-in-childcare-course-adelaide/ https://www.abana carecoursesinadelaide.com.] fdkfaxm0pvkjpvryf7p0ak28uqdk0ag 0 14996 140222 128617 2026-09-25T11:57:35Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140222 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ambroise Uwiragiye''' ( yavutse ku ya 31 Ukuboza 1980 ) ni umukinnyi wa bigize umwuga ni umunyarwanda wiruka intera ndende, akaba n’inzobere mu gusiganwa muri marato. Yitabiriye isiganwa rya marato ry’abagabo mu mikino Olempike yo mu mpeshyi yo muri 2016 aho yarangije ari ku mwanya wa 99 akoresheje iminota 2:25:57. <ref name="Bio">{{Cite web |title=Ambroise Uwiragiye |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/ambroise-uwiragiye |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826083852/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/ambroise-uwiragiye |archive-date=26 August 2016 |access-date=21 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} == Amasano yo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Kwiruka]] kv2uyfo4f1t6s4gn87p55zr1vdeidtk 0 15015 139966 97203 2026-09-24T13:20:09Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Christophe Tuyishimire''' (wavutse 14 Mutarama 1989) <ref name="world_athletics_profile">{{Cite web |title=Christophe Tuyishimire |url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/rwanda/christophe-tuyishimire-14836329 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711005403/https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/rwanda/christophe-tuyishimire-14836329 |archive-date=2020-07-11 |access-date=10 July 2020 |website=World Athletics}}</ref> ni umunyarwanda wabigize umwuga wiruka intera ndende muri Marato. Muri 2019, yitabiriye irushanwa ry'abagabo bakuru mu marushanwa ya IAAF ya World Cross Country yabereye muri Aarhus, Danimarike. <ref name="senior_men_race_iaaf_world_cross_country_2019">{{Cite web |title=Senior men's race |url=https://media.aws.iaaf.org/competitiondocuments/pdf/6265/AT-XSE-M-f----.RS6.pdf?v=-1530503012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706223921/https://media.aws.iaaf.org/competitiondocuments/pdf/6265/AT-XSE-M-f----.RS6.pdf?v=-1530503012 |archive-date=27 June 2020 |access-date=27 June 2020 |website=2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships}}</ref> Yarangije ku mwanya wa 84. <ref name="senior_men_race_iaaf_world_cross_country_2019" /> Muri 2018, yaserukiye anahagararira u Rwanda mu mikino ya Commonwealth 2018 yabereye muri Gold Coast. <ref name="athletics_results_book_commonwealth_games_2018">{{Cite web |title=Athletics Results Book |url=https://gc2018.com/sites/default/files/2018-04/GC2018_ATH_ResultsBook_v1.0.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200708095754/https://gc2018.com/sites/default/files/2018-04/GC2018_ATH_ResultsBook_v1.0.pdf |archive-date=8 July 2020 |access-date=8 July 2020 |website=2018 Commonwealth Games}}</ref> Yarushanwe mu bagabo metero 5000 kandi yarangije ku mwanya wa 14. <ref name="athletics_results_book_commonwealth_games_2018" /> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru]] 0ujeuya7qbhhsgwek1jh8m9ggoqlwn9 0 15023 140033 92661 2026-09-24T13:28:11Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140033 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Serge Bengono''' (wavutse ku ya 3 Kanama 1977) ni umukinnyi wabigize umwuga uvuka muri [[Kameruni]] wiruka na maguru muri metero 100 . == Umwuga == Yitabiriye imikino Olempike yo mu 2000 na Shampiyona y'isi mu 2001 na 2003 atageze ku mukino wa nyuma. Ibihe bye byiza ni amasegonda 10.25 muri metero 100, yagezeho mumikino ya 1999 yabereye muri Johannesburg; n'amasegonda 20.89 muri metero 200, byagezweho muri Mata 2002 i Knoxville. Niwe kandi ufite rekodi yigihugu mu kwiruka metero 4 x 100, yageze muri Shampiyona yisi 1999 . Muri relay yanitabiriye amarushanwa yisi ya 1997 . Kuri ubu Serge Bengono ni umutoza wungirije muri kaminuza ya Norfolk. == Reba == <references /> == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru]] h10dx4h37hxhtlteyy8softoajytw3d 0 15037 140014 92685 2026-09-24T13:25:53Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140014 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umunsi mukuru w’abagore''' mu Buhinde wizihizwa ku ya 13 Gashyantare buri mwaka, ku isabukuru ya Sarojini Naidu wavutse ku ya 13 Gashyantare 1879 i Hyderabad, mu Buhinde. Naidu yari umuyobozi w’ishyaka ryigenga ry’Ubuhinde kandi azwiho ibikorwa by’ubuvanganzo, cyane cyane ku bisigo bye bifite insanganyamatsiko nko gukunda igihugu, gukundana n’indirimbo yise "Nightingale y' Ubuhinde" - ( ''Bharat Kokila'' ) ya Mahatma Gandhi, Naidu iteka yaharaniraga kongerera ubushobozi abagore mu Buhinde. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2022 |title=Why is National Women's Day Celebrated on Sarojini Naidu's Birth Anniversary? |url=https://www.news18.com/news/lifestyle/why-is-national-womens-day-celebrated-on-sarojini-naidus-birth-anniversary-4764887.html |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=[[Network 18]]}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} jk2kq48if7tsoncw43m4y362fr4flal 0 15045 140034 122738 2026-09-24T13:28:18Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140034 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ghanam Mohamed''' ni ukuminnyi wu mupira wamaguru wu munyamisiri wa bigize umwuga ukinira ikipe ya Future FC yo muri Egiputa ho mu [[Misiri]], muri Future FC ni nkumukinnyi wo hagati. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghanam Mohamed - Player Profile - Football |url=https://www.eurosport.com/football/ghanam-mohamed_prs529125/person.shtml |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=Eurosport |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ghanam Mohamed Career Statistics {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/player/ghanam-mohamed/career/cdx5evgb499200bpbpv25mezu |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghanam Mohamed Biography |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/bio/_/id/319148/ghanam-mohamed |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> == Ubuzima == Ghanam Mohamed yavutse ku ya 12 Werurwe 1997 mu Misiri. <ref>{{Cite web |title=كووورة: الموقع العربي الرياضي الأول |url=https://www.kooora.com/?player=141537 |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=www.kooora.com |archive-date=2023-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230304231418/https://www.kooora.com/?player=141537 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FilGoal {{!}} لاعب {{!}} غنام محمد |url=https://www.filgoal.com/players/120173 |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=FilGoal.com |language=ar}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=لاعب كرة القدم غنام محمد |url=https://player-football.com/player-ghanam+mohamed/ |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=Player-Football.COM |language=ar}}</ref> Yatangiye umwuga we wumupira wamaguru muri Al Ahly. Muri 2017, yimuriwe muri El Gouna. Muri 2018, yimuriwe muri El Entag El- Harby naho mu 2021 yimurirwa muri Future FC. Muri rusange, amaze kwitabira imikino irenga ijana mu marushanwa yose harimo no kugaragara mu gikombe cy’ibihugu cya Afurika U-23 2019 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghanam Mohamed (Future FC) - Player Stats - Soccer24.com |url=https://www.soccer24.com/player/mohamed-ghanam/25s7wnNt/ |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=www.soccer24.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Egypt - Ghanam Mohamed - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway |url=https://ng.soccerway.com/players/ghanam--mohamed/556789/ |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=ng.soccerway.com}}</ref> <ref name=":0"/> == Igikombe == Yatsindiye Igikombe cya Afurika U-23 2019 ndetse n’igikombe cya EFA 2020/2021 hamwe na Future FC. <ref name=":1"/> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wo mu misiri]] ofjzq6c1p9jbc6rurde70cqidy5472f 0 15111 140133 92791 2026-09-25T09:10:29Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140133 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nurdin Bakari''' (wavutse ku ya 6 Nyakanga 1988) ni umukinnyi wabigize umwuga w’umupira wa maguru muri Tanzaniya wakiniye ikipe yu mupira wa maguru yi gihugu wa Tanzaniya. Yabaye umwe mu bakinnyi mu gikombe cya CECAFA muri 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010 na 2011 . <ref name="NFT">{{Cite web |title=Nurdin Bakari |url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/12782/Nurdin_Bakari.html |access-date=6 August 2014 |website=National-Football-Teams.com}}</ref> == Umwuga mpuzamahanga == === Intego mpuzamahanga === : ''Amanota n'ibisubizo urutonde rwa Tanzaniya ibitego byambere.'' <ref name="NFT">{{Cite web |title=Nurdin Bakari |url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/12782/Nurdin_Bakari.html |access-date=6 August 2014 |website=National-Football-Teams.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/12782/Nurdin_Bakari.html "Nurdin Bakari"]. ''National-Football-Teams.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> {| class="wikitable" !Oya ! Itariki ! Ikibanza ! Murwanya ! Amanota ! Igisubizo ! Irushanwa |- | 1. | 4 Ukuboza 2005 | [[Stade Amahoro]], [[Kigali]], [[Rwanda|u Rwanda]] |</img> Eritereya | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 1–0 | 2005 Igikombe cya CECAFA |- | 2. | 30 Ugushyingo 2010 | Sitade y'igihugu, Dar es Salaam, [[Tanzaniya]] |</img> Somaliya | align="center" | '''3''' –0 | align="center" | 3–0 | Igikombe cya CECAFA 2010 |- | 3. | rowspan="2" | 4 Ukuboza 2010 | rowspan="2" | Sitade y'igihugu, Dar es Salaam, Tanzaniya | rowspan="2" |</img> Burundi | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 2–0 | rowspan="2" | Igikombe cya CECAFA 2010 |- | 4. | align="center" | '''2''' –0 |- | 5. | 15 Ugushyingo 2011 | Stade Nacional, N'Djamena, [[Cade|Tchad]] |</img> Tchad | align="center" | '''2''' –1 | align="center" | 2–1 | Amajonjora y'igikombe cy'isi 2014 |- | 6. | 6 Ukuboza 2011 | Sitade y'igihugu, Dar es Salaam, Tanzaniya |</img> Malawi | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 1–0 | Igikombe cya CECAFA 2011 |} == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Tanzaniya]] sopwy8gsq2q1v8cxw50vkllradwecxf 0 15183 140195 92897 2026-09-25T11:54:33Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140195 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmed Ali''' (wavutse 15 Ukwakira 1972) <ref>Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill ; et al. "[[Ahmed Ali]] Olympic Results" . Olympics at Sports-Reference.com . Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2017.</ref> ni umukinnyi wo gusiganwa ku maguru wabigize umwuga ukomoka muri [[Gana]]. <ref>[[Ahmed Ali]] at World Athletics</ref> Yarushanwe mu kwiruka metero 4 × 400 mu bagore mu mikino Olempike yo mu 1996.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/63546919</ref><ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2022/11/23/live-belgium-vs-canada-world-cup-2022</ref><ref>https://www.goal.com/fr/listes/coupe-du-monde-2022-listes-32-equipes-joueurs-selectionnes/bltb6be0131f279822d</ref><ref>https://www.beinsports.com/france/fifa-coupe-du-monde-2022/news/coupe-du-monde-2022-langleterre-surclasse-le-/1996391</ref><ref>https://www.eurosport.fr/football/coupe-du-monde/2022/coupe-du-monde-2022-france-bresil-argentine-allemagne.-toutes-les-listes-pour-le-mondial-au-qatar_sto9220646/story.shtml</ref><ref>https://comorosfootball.com/ahmed-mogni-jeunesse-esch/</ref> <ref>Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill ; et al. "Ahmed Ali Olympic Results" . Olympics at Sports-Reference.com . Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2017.</ref><ref>https://www.africaintelligence.fr/afrique-est-et-corne/2023/03/13/apres-un-court-repit-le-tigray-est-de-nouveau-a-court-de-cash,109922182-art</ref><ref>https://www.africaintelligence.fr/afrique-est-et-corne/2023/03/10/justice-post-guerre-civile--addis-abeba-avance-ses-pions,109921909-art</ref><ref>https://foot-africa.com/mondial-2022/senegal-qatar-compositions-officielles/</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/cl4gnk8x54eo</ref><ref>https://wiwsport.com/2022/12/03/qatar-2022-les-pays-bas-premiers-qualifies-pour-les-quarts-de-final-en-battant-les-etats-unis/</ref><ref>https://www.dhnet.be/sports/football/mondial-2022/2022/11/17/voici-par-pays-la-liste-complete-des-joueurs-qui-prendront-part-a-la-coupe-du-monde-2022-au-qatar-R55XTKIHWNEWDJSF7SVG4S53N4/</ref> == Isesengura == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana]] cjrzqexl8zm2y6rpoejekt2k8j17upo 0 15192 140085 92910 2026-09-25T09:04:52Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140085 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Ampomah''' (yavutse ku ya 11 Nyakanga 1990) ni umukinnyi wabigize umwuga akaba umuterankunga uvuka i Konongo [[Gana|muri Gana]]. <ref>"Rio 2016: Profile John Ampomah" . liquidsportsghana.com . Archived from the original on 2016-08-27. Retrieved 2016-08-26.</ref> Ubu yiga muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Tennessee yo hagati kandi ari mu itsinda risiganwa rya Kaminuza. Ampomah yari ahagarariye Gana mu mikino yo mu mpeshyi ya 2016 yabereye i [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Burezile|muri Burezili]]. <ref>"Rio 2016: John Ampomah athlete profile" . rio2016.com . Archived from the original on 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-08-26.</ref> Ni kapiteni w'ikipe ya Gana i Rio. == Umwuga == == Inyandiko zipiganwa == {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing {{GHA}} |- |2012 |[[2012 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Porto Novo, Benin]] |bgcolor=silver|2nd |Javelin throw |[[2012 African Championships in Athletics – Men's javelin throw|70.65 m]] |- |rowspan=2|2014 |[[Athletics at the 2014 Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]] |[[Glasgow, United Kingdom]] |9th |Javelin throw |[[Athletics at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Men's javelin throw|69.56 m]] |- |[[2014 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Marrakech, Morocco]] |5th |Javelin throw |[[2014 African Championships in Athletics – Men's javelin throw|75.99 m]] |- |2015 |[[Athletics at the 2015 African Games|African Games]] |[[Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo]] |bgcolor=silver|2nd |Javelin throw |[[Athletics at the 2015 African Games – Men's javelin throw|82.94 m]] |- |rowspan=2|2016 |[[2016 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Durban, South Africa]] |bgcolor=silver|2nd |Javelin throw |[[2016 African Championships in Athletics – Men's javelin throw|75.22 m]] |- |[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |[[Rio de Janeiro, Brazil]] |19th (q) |Javelin throw |[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's javelin throw|80.39 m]] |} == Igihe cyiza cyumwaka == * 2012-70.65 * 2014 - 75.99 * 2015 - 82.94 * 2016 - '''83.09 NR''' == Impano == SWAG Umugabo: 2012, 2015 <ref>"John Ampomah grabs SWAG Male Athlete of the Year" . 2016-01-11. Archived from the original on 2016-08-04. Retrieved 2016-08-04.</ref> Abakinnyi ba Gana-Etiyopiya y'indege 2015 <ref>"Ampomah & Amponsah receive 2015 Liquid Sports Ghana-Ethiopian Airlines Awards in USA" . 2016-02-12. Archived from the original on 2016-08-04. Retrieved 2016-08-04.</ref> == Isesengura == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana]] o88x3vpcd1mw1bj8onq9dbb1jc7l69o 0 15211 140035 122449 2026-09-24T13:28:25Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140035 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Clatous Chama''' (wavutse 18 kamena 1991) numupira wamaguru wumupira wamaguru wa Zambiya ukina nkumukinnyi wo hagati utera Simba SC hamwe nikipe yigihugu ya Zambiya. Azwiho gutsinda ibitego, gukina, kuyobora, gufata ibihano nigipimo cyakazi. == Umwuga wa club == Chama yafashije ZESCO United FC kugera muri kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza muri CAF Champions League mbere yo gusinyana amasezerano yimyaka 3 n’ikipe ya Al Ittihad yo mu [[Misiri]]. Icyakora, muri Gashyantare 2017, yavuye muri iyo kipe mbere yo kugaragara ku mugaragaro. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 February 2017 |title=Cletus Chama quits Ittihad |url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/cletus-chama-quits-ittihad/ |access-date=2 January 2019 |publisher=[[Zambia Daily Mail]]}}</ref> Chama yakiniye Lusaka Dynamos FC mbere yo kwinjira muri Simba SC ya [[Tanzaniya]] muri 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2018 |title=Uncleared Clatous collects medal |url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/uncleared-clatous-collects-medal/ |access-date=2 January 2019 |publisher=Zambia Daily Mail}}</ref> == Umwuga mpuzamahanga == === Intego mpuzamahanga === : ''Amanota n'ibisubizo urutonde rwa Zambiya ibitego byambere.'' <ref name="NFT">{{Cite web |title=Chama, Clatous |url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/62017/Clatous_Chama.html |access-date=19 July 2017 |publisher=National Football Teams}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Oya ! Itariki ! Ikibanza ! Murwanya ! Amanota ! Igisubizo ! Irushanwa |- | 1. | 10 Mutarama 2016 | Stade UJ, Johannesburg, [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]] |</img> Angola | align="center" | '''1–1''' | align="center" | 2–1 | Nshuti |- | 2. | rowspan="2" | 16 Nyakanga 2017 | rowspan="2" | Sitade y'igihugu ya Somhlolo, Lobamba, [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] | rowspan="2" |</img> Swaziland | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 4–0 | rowspan="2" | Amajonjora yo guhatanira igikombe cya Afurika 2018 |- | 3. | align="center" | '''3''' –0 |- | 4. | 10 Ukwakira 2019 | Stade Général Seyni Kountché, [[Niamey]], [[Nigeri|Niger]] |</img> Niger | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 1-1 | Nshuti |- | 5. | 25 Werurwe 2021 | Stade y'intwari z'igihugu, [[Lusaka]], [[Zambiya]] |</img> Alijeriya | align="center" | '''2–2''' | align="center" | 3–3 | 2021 Amajonjora yo guhatanira igikombe cya Afrika |} == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * Clatous Chama at Soccerway d8hlr0z5hjc856a4vawwdrxg7ycnkz1 0 15227 140059 121915 2026-09-24T13:37:49Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140059 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Icyatsi''' ni [[Ikimera|igihingwa]] gifatwa nki cyifuzwa mu gihe runaka ku bwimpamvu, gikurira aho kidashaka. <ref name=":2">Harlan, J. R., & deWet, J. M. (1965). Some thoughts about weeds. ''Economic botany'', ''19''(1), 16-24.</ref> Igitekerezo cyi cyatsi gifite akamaro kanini [[Ubuhinzi|mubuhinzi]], aho ikigamijwe ari uguhinga ibihingwa cyangwa urwuri rwu bwoko bumwe, cyangwa kuvanga amoko make yifuzwa. Mu bidukikije, ubundi bwoko bwibimera bifatwa nkutifuzwa bityo rero urumamfu. Uretse ibyo, ibyatsi bimwe bifite imiterere itifuzwa bigatuma ibyonnyi byibimera ubisanga ahantu henshi hahurira na bantu. <ref name=":2" /> == Akamaro k'ibidukikije == [[Dosiye:Pusteblume_(66278071).jpeg|right|thumb| Dandelion ni igihingwa gisanzwe kwisi yose, cyane cyane muburayi, Aziya, na Amerika. Bifatwa nk'icyatsi mu bice bimwe na bimwe ( nk'ibyatsi ) ariko si ibindi (nk'igihe bihingwa nk'imiti [[Imboga|y'imboga]] cyangwa ibyatsi ).]] === Irushanwa hamwe nibihingwa bihingwa kandi byanduye === Mugihe ijambo "urumamfu" muri rusange rifite ubusobanuro bubi, ibimera byinshi bizwi nkibyatsi birashobora kugira akamaro. Ibyatsi bibi byinshi, nka dandelion ( ''Taraxacum'' ) hamwe na kimwe cya kane cyintama biribwa, kandi amababi cyangwa imizi yabyo bishobora gukoreshwa mubiryo cyangwa imiti y'ibyatsi. Burdock isanzwe ku isi, kandi rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa mu gukora isupu n'imiti muri [[Aziya]] y'Uburasirazuba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Burdock Root |url=http://www.chinesesouppot.com/tag/burdock-root |access-date=29 May 2015 |website=Chinese Soup Pot}}</ref> Ibyatsi bibi bimwe bikurura udukoko twiza, ari nako dushobora kurinda ibihingwa ibyonnyi byangiza. Ibyatsi bibi birashobora kandi gukumira udukoko twangiza udukoko kubona umusaruro, kubera ko kuboneka kwabo bihagarika ikibazo cyibimenyetso byiza udukoko dukoresha kugirango tumenye ibiryo byabo. Ibyatsi bibi birashobora kandi gukora nk "ibimera bizima", bitanga igifuniko cyubutaka kigabanya gutakaza ubushuhe kandi bikarinda isuri. Ibyatsi bibi birashobora kandi kuzamura uburumbuke bwubutaka; dandelion, kurugero, izana intungamubiri nka calcium na azote ziva mu butaka hamwe n’umuzi wazo, kandi clover yakira bagiteri itunganya azote mu mizi yayo, ifumbira ubutaka mu buryo butaziguye. Dandelion kandi ni bumwe mu moko menshi atandukanya hardpan mu mirima ihingwa cyane, ifasha ibihingwa gukura neza mu mizi. Indabyo zimwe zo mu busitani zatangiye ari urumamfu mu murima wahinzwe kandi zororerwa guhitamo indabyo zabo cyangwa amababi akwiriye. Urugero rw'icyatsi cy'ibihingwa gihingwa mu busitani ni ibigori, ( ''Agrostemma githago'' ), cyari urumamfu rusanzwe mu mirima y'ingano y'i [[Burayi]], ariko ubu rimwe na rimwe rugahingwa nk'igihingwa cy'ubusitani. <ref name="Preston2002">Preston, Pearman & Dines. (2002). New Atlas of the British Flora. Oxford University Press.</ref> == Gutatana == * Amaranth - ("ingurube") buri mwaka hamwe nimbuto nyinshi zimara igihe kirekire, nazo ziribwa cyane kandi zishobora kwihanganira isoko y'ibiryo * Ibyatsi bya Bermuda - imyaka myinshi, ikwirakwizwa nabiruka, rhizomes n'imbuto. * Bindweed * [[Igiti]] kinini - imyaka myinshi, ikwirakwizwa nimbuto ziguma mu butaka imyaka myinshi * Burdock - imyaka ibiri * Intama zisanzwe - buri mwaka * Cogongras - ''Imperata silindrica'' - Kimwe mu byatsi byangiza udukoko byangiza isi, byangiza ahantu hanini mu turere dushyuha. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Weed Risk Assessment for Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae) – Cogongrass |url=https://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/weeds/downloads/wra/imperata-cylindrica.pdf |url-status=dead |website=Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE |access-date=2023-03-14 |archive-date=2023-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314195024/https://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/weeds/downloads/wra/imperata-cylindrica.pdf }}</ref> * Gukurura charlie - ibimera byinshi, bikwirakwira vuba hamwe nibiti birebire * Dandelion - imyaka myinshi, ikwirakwizwa n'umuyaga, ikura vuba, kandi yihanganira amapfa * Goldenrod - imyaka myinshi * Abayapani * Kudzu - imyaka myinshi * Amababi ya spurge - burigihe, hamwe nibiti byo munsi * Ifu y'amata - buri mwaka cyangwa kabiri * Ibyatsi byuburozi - burigihe * Ragweed - buri mwaka * Sorrel - buri mwaka cyangwa buri mwaka * ''Striga'' * Wort ya St John - imyaka myinshi * Sumac - ibiti byinshi * Igiti cyo mwijuru - ibiti bimera * Karoti yo mu gasozi - imyaka ibiri * Igiti cyibiti - burigihe * Umuhondo nutsedge - imyaka myinshi Amashakiro{{Reflist|30em}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.issg.org/ IUCN Ubwoko Bwubwoko Bwihariye Itsinda ryinzobere] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230314195209/https://weeds.nmsu.edu/ Urupapuro rwatsi rwa kaminuza ya leta ya New Mexico (rurimo igikoresho cyo kumenya)] * [http://eppws.nmsu.edu/ Ishami rya kaminuza ya Leta ya New Mexico ishami rya Entomologiya Ibimera by’ubumenyi n’ubumenyi bw’ibyatsi] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101105230041/http://www.issg.org/database/welcome/ Ubwoko bwa Invasive Ubwoko] Archived * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200810075705/https://definedterm.com/a/definition/200717 "Uruganda rwabakorerabushake" ibisobanuro] Archived * [http://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/invasive_terrestric_plants/ Lucid Multi-access urufunguzo rwibiti byo ku isi byinjira muburayi] (amoko 140, inyuguti 41) * [https://www.business.qld.gov.au/industries/farms-fishing-forestry/agriculture/land-management/health-pests-weeds-diseases/weeds-diseases/identification Lucid urufunguzo rwinshi: Icyatsi cyo muri Ositaraliya Igikoresho cyo Kumenyekanisha.] Guverinoma ya Queensland. (Ubwoko 1021, inyuguti 55) omowvv9zlpdcg598qbb4j7qx042idla 0 15275 140171 130190 2026-09-25T09:44:34Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140171 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Fordjour''' (wavutse ku ya 26 Werurwe 1948) ni umukinnyi ukomoak muri Gana wiruka aharingani nko hagati. Yitabiriye metero 1500 mu bagabo mu mikino Olempike yo mu 1972 .<ref>https://www.milesplit.com/articles/329712/preliminary-start-lists-for-new-balance-nationals-indoor</ref><ref>https://www.milesplit.com/articles/329260/whos-entered-at-nbni-here-are-the-preliminary-lists</ref><ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/19/arts/design/derek-fordjour-self-must-die.html</ref><ref>https://www.christies.com/auction/post-war-and-contemporary-art-day-sale-20099-nyr</ref><ref>https://www.npr.org/2021/03/14/977035882/2021-grammy-awards-the-full-list-of-winners</ref><ref>https://www.culturetype.com/2021/09/16/a-nexus-for-the-black-community-tone-memphis-is-presenting-on-the-road-chocolate-cities-group-exhibition-explores-space-place-and-belonging/</ref><ref>https://www.gram.edu/news/index.php/2022/03/23/scholastic-achievement-of-more-than-3k-students-to-be-recognized-at-honors-convocation-march-29/</ref><ref>https://oxfordamerican.org/magazine/issue-111-winter-2020</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nextgenxv.com/2022/02/28/premiership-rugby-u18-academy-league-finals-day-roundup-bristol-bears-claim-maiden-title/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-16 |archive-date=2023-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316085612/https://nextgenxv.com/2022/02/28/premiership-rugby-u18-academy-league-finals-day-roundup-bristol-bears-claim-maiden-title/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://nextgenxv.com/2022/02/25/premiership-rugby-u18-academy-league-finals-day-preview-team-news-and-fixture-details/</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana]] o3i7r6tch8nwgrvq5mazcfoinkm3wtm 0 15296 140015 93103 2026-09-24T13:26:01Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140015 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eric Nkansah Appiah''' (yavutse ku ya 12 Ukuboza 1974) ni umukinnyi wirukanka ukomoka muri Gana yari kabuhariwe muri metero 100 . Ni umwe mu bafite amateka y’igihugu mu kwiruka metero 4 x 100 akoresha amasegonda 38,12, yagezeho muri Shampiyona y'isi yo muri 1997 yabereye muri Atenayi aho ikipe ya Gana yarangije ku mwanya wa gatanu ku mukino wa nyuma. <ref>[http://www.gbrathletics.com/cm99.htm Commonwealth All-Time Lists (Men)] - GBR Athletics</ref> Yitabiriye imikino Olempike yo mu 2004, yageze ku mwanya wa gatandatu mu marushanwa muri metero 100, bityo abura umwanya wo kujya mu cyiciro cya 2 cya marushanwa. Yatsindiye umudari muri Shampiyona nyafurika 2006 Ibihe byiza yagize ni amasegonda 10.00, yagezweho bwa mbere muri kamena 1999 i Nuremberg. Kugeza ubu agahigo ko muri Gana ni iya Leonard Myles-Mills na masegonda 9.98. == Reba == <references /> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * Eric Nkansah at World Athletics [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana]] pbwzi3sg0l2s2ipnvy6qiy3q4x9jgrn 0 15335 140163 93157 2026-09-25T09:28:00Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140163 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Faycal Bousbiat''' (yavutse 13 Nyakanga 1970) ni umukinnyi ukina umukino waJido ukomoka muri Kanada. Yahoze ahagarariye igihugu cya [[Aligeriya|Alijeriya]].<ref>https://www.lareleve.qc.ca/2022/11/16/13-medailles-pour-les-judokas-de-boucherville/</ref><ref>https://www.lareleve.qc.ca/2021/10/17/la-medaillee-olympique-catherine-beauchemin-pinard-en-visite-a-boucherville/</ref><ref>https://www.lareleve.qc.ca/2020/02/11/le-club-de-judo-de-boucherville-veritable-machine-a-ceintures-noires-et-a-medailles-depuis-50-ans/</ref> Ubu ni umutoza.<ref>https://ici.radio-canada.ca/sports/podium/184/ana-laura-portuondo-isasi-judo-dopage-jeux-olympiques</ref><ref>https://www.rds.ca/amateurs/les-finalistes-au-gala-sports-quebec-1.1140619</ref> == Ibyagezweho == {| class="wikitable" !Umwaka ! Irushanwa ! Ikibanza ! Igisubizo ! Icyabaye |- ! colspan="5" | Guhagararira</img> Alijeriya |- | 1993 | Imikino ya Mediterane |</img> [[Languedoc-Roussillon]], [[Ubufaransa]] | align="center" bgcolor="cc9966" | Icya gatatu | Umucyo udasanzwe (60&nbsp;kg) |- ! colspan="5" | Guhagararira</img> Kanada |- | 2000 | [[2000 Pan American Judo Championships|Amarushanwa ya Pan Amerika]] |</img> [[Orlando, Floride|Orlando]], Amerika | align="center" bgcolor="silver" | Icya kabiri | Igice cyoroheje (66)&nbsp;kg) |- ! colspan="5" | Guhagararira</img> Québec |- | 2001 | Imikino y'Igifaransa <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001-07-05 |title=Canada wins three medals at Francophone Games |url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/canada-wins-three-medals-at-francophone-games-1.255850 |access-date=2019-02-28}}</ref> |</img> [[Ottawa]], Kanada | align="center" bgcolor="cc9966" | Icya gatatu | Igice cyoroheje (66)&nbsp;kg) |} == Reba kandi == * Judo muri Kanada == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == 2pexty8auiupz1vnrcuzc7tamhj746b 0 15405 140223 131878 2026-09-25T11:57:42Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140223 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Uruzi rwa Achwa''' ni [[uruzi]] rwa [[Ubugande|Uganda]]. Rutemba mu gice cyo hagati mu majyaruguru y'igihugu, rutemba igice kinini cy'ubutaka bw'amajyaruguru ya Uganda n'imisozi miremire yo mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba, mbere yo kwambuka umupaka ugana muri [[Sudani y’Amajyepfo|Sudani y'Epfo]] aho ruhurira na [[Nili Yera|white nile]]. Muri [[Sudani y’Amajyepfo|Sudani y'Epfo]] ruzwi nka '''uruzi rwa Aswa'''. Uruzi ni uruzi rw'ubuzima ku baturage bari mu nzira yarwo binyuze mu gutanga ibikorwa by'uburobyi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Human activities threaten River Aswa |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_157135 |access-date=2024-06-06 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref> Uruzi ni isoko y'imibereho ku baturage baturanye nubwo ruri mu kaga ko kwangirika kw'amazi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Human activities threaten River Aswa |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_157135 |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Rise of Okom: Restoring Uganda’s Aswa Basin |url=https://africa.wetlands.org/en/news/rise-of-okom-restoring-ugandas-aswa-basin/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=Wetlands International Africa |language=en-UK}}</ref> Ni agace karinzwe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Protected Planet {{!}} Achwa River |url=https://www.protectedplanet.net/315097 |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=Protected Planet}}</ref> Uruzi rwa Achwa ni uruzi runini ruherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Uganda, rutembera mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba rugana muri Sudani y'Epfo, aho ruhitwa Aswa, rukinjira mu ruzi rwa white nile. Uruzi rutangirira mu misozi iri mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'intara ya Katakwi, runyura mu ntara ya Lira, maze rukaba umupaka uri hagati y'intara za Pader na Gulu, aho uruzi rwa Agago hanyuma rwa Pager rwinjiramo. Uruzi rwa Achwa rugize igice kinini cy'umupaka uri hagati y'intara za Atiak na Kitgum, mbere y'uko rwinjira muri Sudani, mu burasirazuba bw'umujyi w'umupaka wa Nimule, maze rukinjira mu Nili y'Umweru nko ku bilometero icumi mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Nimule. Ako gace k'uruzi rwa Nili y'Umweru kazwi nka Bahr el Jebel, bisobanura "Uruzi rw'Umusozi," cyangwa Nili y'Umusoz y'umusozi. Umugezi wa Achwa utemba amazi menshi mu misozi miremire yo mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba no mu misozi miremire yo mu majyaruguru ya Uganda. Kimwe n'imigezi myinshi yo muri ako karere, amazi ya Achwa aterwa cyane n'ibihe by'umwaka n'ikirere. Hari igihe ukunda kuzura. Mu 2000, warengeye ikiraro gihuza imijyi ya Gulu na Kitgum. Intera iri hagati y’amazi ya Achwa n’amazi yo mu ruzi rwa Nile Yera ni ibirometero bigera kuri 185. Uruzi runyura mu kibaya cya Sudani y’Iburasirazuba gikikije igice kinini cy’amajyaruguru y’uburasirazuba bwa Uganda. Iki kibaya gishyushye, cyumye, gifite ibiti bigizwe ahanini n’ibihuru bya Combretum na Terminalia n’ibiti ndetse n’ibyatsi birebire by’inzovu byagizweho ingaruka mbi n’ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi, inkongi, guca inkwi n’amakara, ariko ahantu hanini h’inyamaswa zidapfa kubamo haracyari no hanze y’ahantu harinzwe. Umubare w’inyamaswa zimwe na zimwe nini z’inyamaswa zonsa wagabanutse kubera guhiga, ariko umubare munini w’izindi uracyahari. == Ubuso bw'amazi n'amazi == Ikibaya cya Aswa (Achwa) ni ikibaya cyambukiranya umupaka hagati ya Uganda na [[Sudani y’Amajyepfo|Sudani y'Epfo]], gifite uburebure bwa kilometero kare 31.000. Wetlands International ivuga ko ikibaya cy'uruzi rwa Aswa mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Uganda gitemba uburebure bwa kilometero kare 27.677 kandi gifite uburyo bunini bw'ibishanga (hafi kilometero kare 2.045), aho ikibaya kigabanyijemo imigezi umunani cyangwa imiyoboro mito. <ref name="WetlandsInternational_Okom">{{Cite web |date=2021-08-27 |title=Rise of Okom: Restoring Uganda's Aswa Basin |url=https://eastafrica.wetlands.org/rise-of-okom-restoring-ugandas-aswa-basin/ |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=Wetlands International Africa}}</ref> Impuzandengo y'amazi ya Aswa mu mwaka ivugwa ko ari kilometero kare 3.0 ku mwaka (1940-1977). == Ubumenyi bw'ibidukikije == Ibice binini by'ikibaya cya Achwa biri mu turere tw'ubutayu bwo mu majyaruguru ya Uganda na Sudani y'Epfo. Imiterere y'ibishanga muri iki kibaya ishyigikira amategeko agenga amazi n'imibereho myiza y'abaturage, harimo uburobyi n'ubuhinzi buciriritse, kandi itanga aho ibinyabuzima bikomoka ku bishanga bituye. == Ikoreshwa n'abantu == === Ingufu z'amazi === Uruzi rwa Achwa rushyigikira iterambere ry’ingufu z’amazi zikoreshwa mu migezi mu majyaruguru [[Ubugande|ya Uganda]]. Umushinga wa Achwa II ni uruganda rw’ingufu z’amazi rwa MW 42 ruherereye ku ruzi rwa Achwa mu turere twa Pader, Kitgum na Gulu. Urwego rw’umushinga rurimo imihanda igeramo na serivisi hamwe n’ibikoresho byo guhuza imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi. <ref name="dportal_AchwaII">{{Cite web |title=Uganda - Achwa II Hydropower Plant |url=https://d-portal.org/q.html?aid=46002-P-UG-FAB-007 |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=d-portal}}</ref> <ref name="AfDB_MapAfrica_AchwaII">{{Cite web |date=2025-09-12 |title=Uganda - Achwa II Hydropower Plant (project page) |url=https://mapafrica.afdb.org/en/projects/46002-P-UG-FAB-007 |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=African Development Bank Group (MapAfrica)}}</ref> === Imibereho === Abaturage bo mu kibaya bishingikiriza ku migezi n'ibishanga mu gukoresha amazi yo mu ngo, ubuhinzi buciriritse, ubworozi, n'uburobyi, cyane cyane mu bihe by'izuba aho andi masoko aba ari make. == Kubungabunga ibidukikije n'ibibazo == Ibice bimwe by'ikibaya cya Aswa byahuye n'ibibazo byo kwangirika bifitanye isano no kwibasirwa n'ibishanga, guhindura ubutaka, no kugabanuka k'imiterere y'ibinyabuzima by'amazi meza. Raporo muri Uganda zagaragaje ko kwangirika kw'ibishanga bifitanye isano no kugabanuka k'uburyo abaturage baho babona amazi meza. <ref name="Monitor_AswaDegradation">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-18 |title=Aswa River basin degradation threatens access to safe water |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/aswa-river-basin-degradation-threatens-access-to-safe-water-4661494 |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=Daily Monitor (Nation.Africa)}}</ref> Imirimo yo gusana ikibaya yakozwe harimo ibikorwa byo gucunga imiyoboro y'amazi yibanda ku bishanga no kuvugurura imiterere y'ubutaka, nk'uko byagaragajwe n'umushinga wa Wetlands International witwa “Rise of Okom”. <ref name="WetlandsInternational_Okom">{{Cite web |date=2021-08-27 |title=Rise of Okom: Restoring Uganda's Aswa Basin |url=https://eastafrica.wetlands.org/rise-of-okom-restoring-ugandas-aswa-basin/ |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=Wetlands International Africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://eastafrica.wetlands.org/rise-of-okom-restoring-ugandas-aswa-basin/ "Rise of Okom: Restoring Uganda's Aswa Basin"]. </cite></ref> == Uduce turinzwe == Ikinyamakuru Protected Planet kivuga ko “Uruzi rwa Achwa” ari ahantu harinzwe muri Uganda (85.68 km2), hashyizweho mu 1948. <ref name="ProtectedPlanet_Achwa">{{Cite web |title=Achwa River (Protected Planet) |url=https://www.protectedplanet.net/achwa-river |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=Protected Planet}}</ref> == Reba kandi == * ''Umugezi wa Okot'' * ''[[Umugezi wa Semliki|Uruzi rwa Semliki]]'' * ''[[Umugezi wa Sezibwa|Uruzi rwa Sezibwa]]'' * [[Uruzi rwa Rutshuru]] * Uruzi rwa Rwizi * [[Umugezi wa Semliki|Uruzi rwa Semliki]] * [[Umugezi wa Sezibwa|Uruzi rwa Sezibwa]] * [[Umugezi wa Turkwel|Uruzi rwa Turkwel]] * [[Nili Yera|Nile Yera]] == indangasoko == {{Reflist}} == Amasano yo hanze == * Uburyo bwo Gutunganya Amazi mu Kibaya cya Nili (Gahunda yo Gutunganya Ikibaya cya Nili): https://nilebasin.org/sites/default/files/2019-09/NileHydrology.pdf * Urutonde rw'imigezi ya WaterwayMap.org (ikomoka kuri OpenStreetMap): https://waterwaymap.org/river/region/UG-Amuru/ {{Hydrography of Uganda}}{{Rivers of South Sudan}} [[Ikiciro:Pages with unreviewed translations]] tq6xhqpg0xlv35v9rjailg6dim3bltu 0 15435 139967 101154 2026-09-24T13:20:16Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139967 wikitext text/x-wiki Mu 2018 na 2019, Green Protector yateguye ubukangurambaga bwiswe Global Goal Jam mu Rwanda. Global Goal Jam ni ubukangurambaga bumara iminsi ibiri ku isi hose aho abantu bafite dushya bahura bakigira hamwe ibibazo byugarije igihugu bashingiye ku Ntego z’Iterambere Rirambye z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye. Mu 2018, twafatanyije na Gahunda y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Yita ku Iterambere (UNDP) mu gutegura ubu bukangurambaga aho abantu bafite ubumenyi n’ubunararibonye barenga ijana basabye kwitabira. Muri abo, mirongo ine (40) nibo batoranyijwe maze bakora amatsinda icumi ariyo yigiye hamwe intego z’iterambere rirambye zashyizweho n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye arizo: Kurandura ubukene, Kwimakaza ubuzima bwiza n’imibereho myiza, Uburinganire, Gukoresha ingufu zihendutse kandi zidahumanya ikirere hamwe no Kubaka imijyi irambye kandi ibereye. Mu 2019, twafatanyije n’Abahagarariye zUmuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi mu Rwanda gutegura ubundi ubukangurambaga nk’ubwo bwabereye mu Rwanda. Abitabiriye ubu bukangurambaga bigiye hamwe zimwe mu Ntego z’Iterambere Rirambye ). Ubu bukangurambaga bwari butandukanye n’ubwabaye mu 2018 kuko abitabiriye babonye umwanya wo kuganira n’abaturage, bakumva ibitekerezo byabo ku gukemura ibibazo birebana n’izi Ntego z’Iterambere Rirambye. Iyo hashize iminsi bari muri icyo gikorwa, hategurwa inama mpuzamahanga aho aya matsinda agaragariza abahagarariye guverinoma z’ibihugu bitandukanye ndetse n’abafatanyabikorwa igisubizo ku ku kibazo kiri mu Ntego z’Iterambere Rirambye (SDGs) baba bakozeho ubushakashatsi. Bitewe n’uko ayo matsinda aba agizwe n’abantu bafite ubumenyi n’ubunararibonye butandukanye, bahuriza hamwe bagashaka igisubizo cy’ikibazo cyugarije isi kandi bagashyiraho ingamba z’igihe gito zitanga umusaruro mu gihe kirekire. == Amashakiro == https://web.archive.org/web/20230321025413/https://www.thegreenprotector.org/rw/ibyo-dukora/ rcw9t96xqcqni9o6gtzh4nyhg7ncy43 0 15442 140074 93333 2026-09-25T09:03:34Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140074 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sebit Bruno''' (wavutse ku ya 16 Werurwe 1994) ni umukinnyi wu [[Umupira w’amaguru|mupira wa maguru]] ukomoka muri Sudani yepfo ukina nku mukinnyi wo hagati. Niwe watsinze ibitego byinshi mu ikipe y'igihugu ni bitego 3, guhera ku ya 27 Werurwe 2016. == Umwuga mpuzamahanga == === Intego mpuzamahanga === : ''Amanota n'ibisubizo urutonde rwa Sudani yepfo ibitego byambere.'' <ref name="NFT">{{Cite web |title=Martinez, Sebit Bruno |url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/60851/Sebit_Bruno_Martinez.html |access-date=27 March 2017 |publisher=National Football Teams}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;" !Oya ! Itariki ! Ikibanza ! Murwanya ! Amanota ! Igisubizo ! Irushanwa |- | 1. | 23 Ugushyingo 2015 | Bahir Dar Stade, Bahir Dar, [[Etiyopiya]] | Djibouti | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 2–0 | Igikombe cya CECAFA 2015 |- | 2. | 27 Ugushyingo 2017 | Bahir Dar Stade, Bahir Dar, Etiyopiya |Malawi | align="center" | '''2''' –0 | align="center" | 2–0 | Igikombe cya CECAFA 2015 |- | 3. | 23 Werurwe 2016 | Stade ya Juba, Juba, [[Sudani y’Amajyepfo|Sudani y'Amajyepfo]] |Bénin | align="center" | '''1–2''' | align="center" | 1-2 | Amajonjora yo guhatanira igikombe cya Afurika 2017 |} == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi]] mknrj25s1c94uug9mzgzzw7kvpui238 0 15464 140204 93360 2026-09-25T11:55:34Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140204 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tito Lutwa Okello''' (1914 yapfuye 3 Kamena 1996) yari umusirikare mukuru wa Uganda akaba nu munyapolitiki. Yabaye perezida wa munani wa Uganda kuva ku ya 29 Nyakanga 1985 kugeza ku ya 26 Mutarama 1986. <ref name="President">{{Cite web |last=Uganda State House |first=. |title=President Tito Okello Lutwa (General) |url=http://www.statehouse.go.ug/past-presidents/president-tito-okello-lutwa-general |access-date=16 February 2015 |publisher=Statehouse.go.ug}}</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Tito Okello yavukiye mu muryango wa acholi wo mu bwoko bwa acholi ahagana mu 1914 mu Karere ka Kitgumu. <ref name="Toes">{{Cite web |last=Titus Kakembo |first=and Joel Ogwang |date=25 January 2012 |title=Tito Okello: The President Who Was Kept On His Toes |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216223129/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html |archive-date=16 February 2015 |access-date=16 February 2015}}</ref> Yinjiye mu mbunda nya furika yu mwami mu 1940 maze akora muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose. Nku musirikare mukuru wu mwuga, yari afite imirimo itandukanye. Nkumukurikira wa Perezida Obote, Okelo yagiye mu buhungiro nyuma y’ubutegetsi bwo mu 1971 bwatumye [[Idi Amin Dada|Idi Amini]] aba umutegetsi mushya wa Uganda. Mu 1972, inyeshyamba zateye Uganda kugarura Obote. Okelo yari umwe mu bayobozi b'umutwe w'inyeshyamba wi basiye Masaka. Igitero cyatsinzwe n'ingabo za Uganda zindahemuka. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=14 September 2019 |title=Obote, Museveni blame each other for failed 1972 invasion of Uganda |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/obote-museveni-blame-each-other-for-failed-1972-invasion-of-uganda-1847674 |access-date=24 April 2021 |website=Daily Monitor}}</ref> Okelo yagize uruhare mu ntambara ya Uganda Tanzaniya. Yari umwe mu bayobozi bari mu ihuriro ry’ingabo z’ingabo z’igihugu cya Tanzaniya n’ingabo z’igihugu cya Liberasiyo zavanye Amin ku butegetsi mu 1979. Mu 1980, Obote yasubijwe kuba perezida. Okello yatorewe kuba Umuyobozi wa kuva 1980 kugeza 1985. <ref name="President">{{Cite web |last=Uganda State House |first=. |title=President Tito Okello Lutwa (General) |url=http://www.statehouse.go.ug/past-presidents/president-tito-okello-lutwa-general |access-date=16 February 2015 |publisher=Statehouse.go.ug}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFUganda_State_House">Uganda State House, . [http://www.statehouse.go.ug/past-presidents/president-tito-okello-lutwa-general "President Tito Okello Lutwa (General)"]. Statehouse.go.ug<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Inyandikorugero:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ([[Icyiciro: CS1 nyamukuru: amazina yumubare: urutonde rwabanditsi|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> == ubutegetsi == Muri Nyakanga 1985, hamwe na Okelo, Tito Lutwa Okello bakozeubutegetsi ihirika perezida Obote. Yategetse kuba perezida amezi atandatu kugeza igihe agomba kwimurira ubutegetsi ingabo z’igihugu zishinzwe kurwanya ziyobowe na perezida uriho, [[Yoweri Museveni]]. Yagiye mu buhungiro muri [[Kenya]] nyuma yuko Museveni arangije manda ye. <ref name="Toes">{{Cite web |last=Titus Kakembo |first=and Joel Ogwang |date=25 January 2012 |title=Tito Okello: The President Who Was Kept On His Toes |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216223129/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html |archive-date=16 February 2015 |access-date=16 February 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTitus_Kakembo2012">Titus Kakembo, and Joel Ogwang (25 January 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150216223129/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html "Tito Okello: The President Who Was Kept On His Toes"]. ''[[Icyerekezo gishya|New Vision]] (Kampala)''. Archived from [http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html the original] on 16 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Umuryango mugari == Umuhungu wa Tito Okello, Henry Oryem Okello, ni Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga w’ububanyi n’amahanga ushinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga. <ref name="President">{{Cite web |last=Uganda State House |first=. |title=President Tito Okello Lutwa (General) |url=http://www.statehouse.go.ug/past-presidents/president-tito-okello-lutwa-general |access-date=16 February 2015 |publisher=Statehouse.go.ug}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFUganda_State_House">Uganda State House, . [http://www.statehouse.go.ug/past-presidents/president-tito-okello-lutwa-general "President Tito Okello Lutwa (General)"]. Statehouse.go.ug<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Inyandikorugero:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ([[Icyiciro: CS1 nyamukuru: amazina yumubare: urutonde rwabanditsi|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> <ref name="Toes">{{Cite web |last=Titus Kakembo |first=and Joel Ogwang |date=25 January 2012 |title=Tito Okello: The President Who Was Kept On His Toes |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216223129/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html |archive-date=16 February 2015 |access-date=16 February 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTitus_Kakembo2012">Titus Kakembo, and Joel Ogwang (25 January 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150216223129/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html "Tito Okello: The President Who Was Kept On His Toes"]. ''[[Icyerekezo gishya|New Vision]] (Kampala)''. Archived from [http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628581-tito-okello--the-president-who-was-kept-on-his-toes.html the original] on 16 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> Mu 2002, murumuna wa Tito Okello, Erisanweri Opira, yashimuswe mu rugo rwe mu Karere ka Kitgum n'umutwe w'inyeshyamba, Lord Lord Resistance Army (LRA). Ishimutwa rye ryafatwaga nkibidasanzwe kuko ubusanzwe LRA yashimuse ingimbi n’urubyiruko kugira ngo babe abasirikare cyangwa imbata z’ibitsina. Opira yari mu kigero cy'imyaka mirongo irindwi ubwo yashimuswe. <ref name="Rebels">{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=Will |date=24 July 2002 |title=Uganda Rebels Grab Ex-President's Brother |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2149675.stm |access-date=16 February 2015 |publisher=[[BBC|BBC News]] (London)}}</ref> == Imyaka yanyuma == Okello yagumye mu buhungiro kugeza mu 1993, igihe yahawe imbabazi na Perezida Museveni agasubira i Kampala. Yapfuye nyuma yimyaka itatu, azize indwara itaramenyekana, ku ya 3 Kamena 1996. Igihe yapfaga yari afite imyaka hafi 82. Ibisigazwa bye byashyinguwe mu rugo rwa basekuruza mu Karere ka Kitgum. <ref name="NYTimes">{{Cite web |last=ASP |first=. |date=10 June 1996 |title=General Tito Okello, Ex-Ugandan Leader, 82 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/10/world/gen-tito-okello-ex-ugandan-leader-82.html |access-date=16 February 2015}}</ref> Muri Mutarama 2010, Okello yapfuye nyuma y’umudari w’icyubahiro wa Kagera kubera kurwanya kurwanya igitugu cya [[Idi Amin Dada|Idi Amin]] mu myaka ya za 70. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Milton Olupot |first=and Daniel Edyegu |date=26 January 2010 |title=Museveni, Janet, Moi Get National Medals |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/708184 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130112540/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/708184 |archive-date=30 January 2010 |access-date=16 February 2015}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa sudani yepho]] 69bgewpmqbuq9q2s906nq4cd9k8legl 0 15483 140045 130735 2026-09-24T13:29:35Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140045 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:KageraRuvubu.jpg|right|thumb|275x275px| Ruvubu aho ihurira na Nyabarongo. Ruvubu iva ibumoso, Nayabarongo uhereye iburyo; ihuriro rya [[Umugezi wa Kagera|Kagera]] ryerekeza mu majyaruguru.]] [[Dosiye:Kagera_catchment_OSM.svg|right|thumb|414x414px| Umugezi wa Ruvuvu (hagati)]] '''Umugezi wa Ruvubu''' (witwa '''Rurubu''' na '''Ruvuvu''' ) ni uruzi rwo muri [[Afurika]] rwagati amazi yawo akusanyiriza mu gice cya kure, mu majyepfo y'ikibaya cya [[Nili]]. Uburebure bwa kilometero 416 kandi ifite ikibaya cya mazi ya kilometero 14,000. Irazamuka mu majyaruguru yu [[Uburundi|Burundi]], hafi y’umujyi wa Kayanza hanyuma ikora umukororroba hepfo yerekeza mu Burundi, igahuzwa n’umugezi wa Ruvyironza hafi ya Gitega. Kuva aho, unyura mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba, unyuze muri parike y'igihugu ya Ruvubu, kugera ku mupaka [[Tanzaniya|wa Tanzaniya]]. Nyuma yo kwambuka umupaka, Ruvubu yambuka neza muri Tanzaniya, mbere yo kwinjira mu [[Umugezi wa Nyabarongo|ruzi rwa Nyabarongo]] ku mupaka wa Tanzaniya - [[Rwanda|u Rwanda]] hafi y’isumo [[Isumo rya Rusumo|rya Rusumo]], kugira ngo agire [[Umugezi wa Kagera|uruzi rwa Kagera]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://muhaziyacu.rw/ingenzi/rusumo-kubaka-urugomero-rwamashanyarazi-ku-mugezi-wakagera-bigeze-kuri-80-ku-ijana/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-21 |archive-date=2023-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321152357/https://muhaziyacu.rw/ingenzi/rusumo-kubaka-urugomero-rwamashanyarazi-ku-mugezi-wakagera-bigeze-kuri-80-ku-ijana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/umuco/amateka/article/uko-gari-ya-moshi-yagombaga-kuvana-u-rwanda-mu-bwigunge-mu-myaka-120-ishize</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.intyoza.com/2018/05/17/kamonyi-umurambo-wumugabo-wabonywe-ku-nkombe-zumugezi-mu-kagari-ka-nyarubuye/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-21 |archive-date=2023-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321152356/https://www.intyoza.com/2018/05/17/kamonyi-umurambo-wumugabo-wabonywe-ku-nkombe-zumugezi-mu-kagari-ka-nyarubuye/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibungabunga/article/green-party-iratabariza-imigezi-y-u-rwanda-kubera-ibiyihumanya-bimenwamo</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-rwanda/ubuzima/article/rubavu-umugezi-wa-sebeya-wuzuye-cyane-uheza-abantu-mu-nzu</ref><ref>https://bwiza.com/?Ntabwo-tuzaceceka-cyangwa-ngo-turekere-keretse-ibyo-byose-dusaba-bimaze</ref><ref>https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2020/06/10/can-the-international-law-resolve-egypt-nile-river-crisis/</ref> Ruvubu yakuye izina ryayo mu ijambo rya [[Ikirundi|Kirundi]] risobanura imvubu, imvubu, kubera ko uruzi rutuwe n'abaturage benshi b'imvubu. <ref>https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/11/04/fleeing-burundi-wont-protect-you-from-its-government-imbonerakure-tanzania-refugees/</ref><ref>https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2017/09/25/language/learn-japanese-travel-world/</ref>{{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Uburundi]] rjtm87vizuusxxqcpkwijnwdt7v3jdx 0 15499 140208 93455 2026-09-25T11:56:00Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140208 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:ABIR_company_posts.svg|thumb| Umugezi wa Lomako]] '''Umugezi wa Lomako''' ni uruzi mu ntara ya eqateur, [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]. Lomako ni uruzi rwa Maringa. Umugezi wa Maringa ufatanya n'u mugezi wa Lopori mu majyaruguru, ugakora uruzi rwa Lulonga, uruzi rw'umugezi wa [[Umugezi wa Congo|Congo]]. Lomako itembera mu kibaya cya Loporina Maringa, izwi kandi ku izina rya Maringa Lopori Wamba, ahantu h’ibidukikije bifite akamaro kanini. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jef Dupain |last2=Janet Nackoney |last3=Jean-Paul Kibambe |last4=Didier Bokelo |last5=David Williams |name-list-style=amp |title=Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape |url=http://www.observatoire-comifac.net/docs/edf2008/EN/SOF_23_Maringa.pdf |access-date=2011-10-14 |publisher=L'Observatoire des Forêts d'Afrique Centrale |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205354/http://www.observatoire-comifac.net/docs/edf2008/EN/SOF_23_Maringa.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Congo]] p1t66sgwt14xjcjaycsjsgiqhw15yfo 0 15505 139968 113633 2026-09-24T13:20:23Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139968 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Murray howlong.jpg|thumb]] '''Umugezi wa Likati''' ni uruzi rwo mu majyaruguru ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], uruzi rw'u mugezi wa Itimbiri. Itembera mu Ntara ya Aketi mu Karere ka Basi Uwele. <ref name="RGC">{{Cite web |title=Découpage administratif de la République Démocratique du Congo |url=http://www.rgc.cd/doctech/UNDP-GIS-25_RDC_administratif.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100401040116/http://rgc.cd/doctech/UNDP-GIS-25_RDC_administratif.pdf |archive-date=1 April 2010 |access-date=31 October 2011 |publisher=Référentiel Géographique Commun - RGC}}</ref> Byavuzwe muri Congo Igicucu na yohani B. <ref>{{Cite book|pages=67}}</ref> I Libongo, mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'umujyi wa Likati, uruzi rwambukiranya umuhanda uvanze n'ikiraro cya gari ya moshi. Kugeza muri 2014 ikiraro cyari gifite inenge kandi giteye akaga kubakoresha umuhanda. [3] wa gari ya moshi, ubu wacitse, wari ishami ry'umurongo wa Vicicongo wubatswe. [4] == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Inkomoko ==   [[Ikiciro:Umugezi wa congo]] c3ai4ygy3nhumitiq1wvkrz0msnqwq3 0 15586 140177 127026 2026-09-25T09:45:16Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140177 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anita Amenuku''' (wavutse 27 Nyakanga 1985) ni umukinnyi w'umupira wamaguru w'abagore bo muri Gana ukina mu b'imbere. Ni umwe mu bagize ikipe y'igihugu y'umupira w'amaguru ya Gana. Yabaye mu ikipe yari mu gikombe cy'isi cy’abagore cya FIFA 2007 . Ku rwego rwa ikipe akinira muri [[Ghatel Ladies]] muri Gana. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=List of Players |url=https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/fwwc%5f2007%5fplayers%5f19147.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014165606/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/fwwc_2007_players_19147.pdf |archive-date=October 14, 2012 |access-date=2007-09-28 |website=FIFA Women's World Cup China 2007 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> Yatangiye gukinira Gana ku ya 12 Nzeri 2007 na Ositaraliya. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150702171309/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/matches/round=248549/match=56325/index.html#nosticky FIFA.com]</ref><ref>https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Today-in-sports-history-Black-Queens-thrash-Guinea-Conakry-by-13-0-1004995</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Anita-Amenuku-4588 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-22 |archive-date=2023-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322141907/https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Anita-Amenuku-4588 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/_/id/108986/anita-amenuku</ref><ref>https://www.soccerdonna.de/en/anita-amenuku/profil/spieler_34.html</ref><ref>https://int.soccerway.com/players/anita-amenuku/19575/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.besoccer.com/player/anita-amenuku-1000082 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-22 |archive-date=2023-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322141905/https://www.besoccer.com/player/anita-amenuku-1000082 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/anita-amenuku/</ref><ref>https://www.sofascore.com/player/anita-amenuku/844558</ref><ref>https://tribuna.com/en/persons/anita-amenuku/</ref> == Reba kandi == * Urutonde rwabakobwa bumupira wamaguru mpuzamahanga == Reba == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana]] ht9umfm6oxb6z2319x0kogqp0oaj4ve 0 15588 140106 104848 2026-09-25T09:07:19Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140106 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mavis Danso''' (wavutse 24 Werurwe 1984) ni umukinnyi w'umupira w'amaguru w'abagore bo muri Gana ukina nka myugariro. Ni umwe mu bagize ikipe y'igihugu y'umupira w'amaguru muri Gana. Yabaye mu ikipe yari mu gikombe cy'isi cy’abagore cya FIFA 2003 ndetse n’igikombe cy’isi cya FIFA 2007 . Ku rwego rwa ikipe akinira Robert Morris College muri Amerika. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=List of Players |url=https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/fwwc%5f2007%5fplayers%5f19147.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014165606/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/fwwc_2007_players_19147.pdf |archive-date=October 14, 2012 |access-date=2007-09-28 |website=FIFA Women's World Cup China 2007 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref><ref>https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Today-in-sports-history-Ghana-s-Black-Queens-exit-FIFA-Women-s-WC-after-4-0-defeat-to-Canada-1059934</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ghgossip.com/ghanaian-girls-prefer-shisha-to-cigarette/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-22 |archive-date=2023-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322143408/https://www.ghgossip.com/ghanaian-girls-prefer-shisha-to-cigarette/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.modernghana.com/news/936692/tourism-minister-yolo-actor-others-to-speak-at-2019-transf.html</ref><ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/1997-year-group-of-st-johns-grammar-school-honour-past-teachers/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/FDA-deepens-stakeholder-collaboration-on-enforcing-tobacco-control-1401667 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-22 |archive-date=2023-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322143401/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/FDA-deepens-stakeholder-collaboration-on-enforcing-tobacco-control-1401667 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.modernghana.com/news/1086607/woman-allegedly-beats-stepdaughter-to-death.html</ref><ref>https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Today-in-sports-history-Black-Queens-thrash-Guinea-Conakry-by-13-0-1004995</ref><ref>https://www.modernghana.com/news/963322/prof-kweku-danso-boafo-leads-ndcs-2020-manifesto.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Mavis-Danso-4660 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-22 |archive-date=2023-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322143400/https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Mavis-Danso-4660 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/_/id/37834/mavis-danso</ref><ref>https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/mavis-danso/</ref> == Reba == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana]] ji2vo641zgsyr4ae71p97m2zfvvsh48 0 15608 140060 128179 2026-09-24T13:37:56Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140060 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:OliviaAnderson.jpg|thumb|right|Olivia Victoria Anderson]] '''Olivia Victoria Anderson''' (wavutse kuwa 18 Ugushyingo 1987) ni umukinnyi w’umupira w'amaguru muri Afurika yepfo wakinnye nk'umukinnyi w’iburyo ndetse anakina nkumuzamu. Yagaragaye mu bihugu bitanu by’umunsi umwe n’amahanga abiri ya 20 muri Afurika yepfo muri 2008. Yakinnye umupira wamaguru mu gihugu mu by'urengerazuba, Kwa Zulu-Natali, Devon na Surrey. <ref name="Cricinfo">{{Cite web |title=Player Profile: Olivia Anderson |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/olivia-anderson-317160 |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> <ref name="CricketArchive">{{Cite web |title=Player Profile: Olivia Anderson |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/232/232848/232848.html |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=CricketArchive}}</ref><ref>https://news.scorebooklive.com/washington/2023/03/01/after-serious-health-scare-ellensburgs-olivia-anderson-not-taking-another-class-2a-girls-basketball-title-run-for-granted</ref><ref>https://metro.co.uk/2023/03/21/olivia-colman-hesitated-over-great-expectations-due-to-gillian-anderson-18480847/</ref><ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/great-expectations-bbc-olivia-colman-b2304883.html</ref><ref>https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/name/olivia-anderson-obituary?id=49199115</ref><ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-11269443/Hollyoaks-Callum-Kerr-SPLITS-fianc-e-Olivia-Anderson-just-year-got-engaged.html</ref><ref>https://www.yakimaherald.com/sports/prep_sports/cwac/ellensburg/jamison-philip-olivia-anderson-carry-ellensburg-girls-past-davis/article_2e470550-8246-11ed-9646-abf7530f2889.html</ref><ref>https://www.thesun.co.uk/sport/18988828/rangers-glen-kamara-olivia-anderson-bikini/</ref><ref>https://alextimes.com/2022/05/olivia-anderson-becomes-times-managing-editor/</ref><ref>https://www.kfyrtv.com/2022/11/04/bismarck-high-school-student-selected-play-all-american-d-day-band-normandy-d-day/</ref><ref>https://www.courierpress.com/story/news/local/2023/03/01/evansville-council-supports-driving-cards-for-undocumented-residents/69941385007/</ref> Muri shampiyona y’abongereza 2010, yakiniye Shepperton, haba mu ikipe y’abagore, ndetse no mu itsinda rya kabiri ry’abagabo, muri bo bombi akaba ari we watsinze ibitego byinshi (nawe uza ku mwanya wa 5 mu mpuzandengo y’abagabo) ndetse no gukomeza gutsinda. Yabaye umukinnyi wambere watsinze ibitego byinshi muri Shampiyona y’abagore mu Ntara ya 2010 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Batting and Fielding for Surrey Women/LV Women's County Championship |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/13/LV_Womens_County_Championship_2010/Surrey_Women_Batting.html |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=CricketArchive}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Afurika yepfo]] cqiox7bpnse0v46e7clugzehvarx3bx 0 15648 140164 93660 2026-09-25T09:28:07Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140164 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Luvua_-_Luapula_-_Chambeshi_River_DRC.svg|thumb| Uruzi rwa Luapula ni ruri rwagati rutukura.]] [[Dosiye:Mweru-Luapula.jpg|thumb|623x623px| Umugezi wa Luapula wo hepfo, delita yacyo aho yinjira mu kiyaga cya Mweru, no mu isoko rya Mweru, uruzi rwa Luvua rugana mu majyaruguru kugera ku ruzi rwa Luwalaba na Congo. Amazi yerekana ko ari umukara muri iyi shusho ya satani ya NASA. Ingano y'ibishanga bya Luwapula yerekanwa n'umurongo ukomeye w'ubururu, naho urugero rw'umwuzure rwerekanwa nk'umurongo utudomo. Imijyi ni, muri Zambiya: 1 Chiyengi, 2 Kashikishi, 3 Nachelenge, 4 Mwansabombwe, 5 Mwense; muri Congo: 6 Peweto, 7 Kilwa, 8 Kasenga. Ibindi biranga: Ikirwa cya Chisenga 9, ikirwa kinini kinini cyo mu gishanga (muri Congo), 11 umwuzure nyamukuru.]] '''Umugezi wa Luapula''' ni igice cy'umugezi wa kabiri muremure wa [[Afurika]], [[Umugezi wa Congo|Kongo]]. Ni uruzi rw'ambukiranya imipaka rugizwe hafi y'uburebure bw'umupaka uhuza [[Zambiya]] na [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Congo]]. Ihuza ikiyaga cya Bangweulu (muri [[Zambiya]] yose) kugera ku kiyaga cya Mweru (gisangiwe hagati y'ibihugu byombi) kandi giha izina Intara ya Luwapula ya Zambiya. <ref name="ITM">Terracarta/International Travel Maps, Vancouver Canada: "Zambia, 2nd edition", 2000</ref> == Inkomoko na Luapula yo hejuru == == Ikibaya cya Luapula == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Ikiciro:Umugezi wa congo]] n7fy84cf0ps0e7h622f4omlgl3fsdbp 0 15658 140134 93671 2026-09-25T09:10:36Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140134 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umugezi wa Zigi''' uzwi kandi ku izina rya '''Sigi''' mu giswahiri, ni uruzi ruherereye mu burasirazuba bwa Tanga mu gihugu cya[[Tanzaniya]]. Uruzi ruzamuka mu gasozi ka Amani mu burasirazuba bwi misozi ya Usambara mu Karere ka Muheza, mu misozi ya Handei, ku butumburuke bwa metero 1130 kandi butemba kuri kilometero 100 mu masumo maremare hamwe n'impinduka nyinshi zicyerekezo kumunwa wa kilometero 40 mu majyaruguru y'umujyi wa Tanga mu nyanja yu Buhinde. Inzuzi zayo ni Kihuhui (kuva mu majyepfo) na Musi (kuva mu majyaruguru). [[Dosiye:Sigi_River_2.jpg|thumb| Reba uruzi rwa Sigi muri Ward ya Mnyanzini, Mkinga]] == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umugezi wa Tanzaniya]] qa82zg12cehixwsmz6dnplqb6cevbw0 0 15689 140135 93714 2026-09-25T09:10:43Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140135 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lulonga''' ni uruzi ruturuka mu ntara ya eqateri ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]. Ni kolomeortero 200 ndende kuva yatangira mu mujyi wa Basankusu. Lopori na Maringa bifatanya gushinga Lulonga hariya. Umugezi wa Lulonga utemba mu [[Umugezi wa Congo|ruzi rwa Congo]] ku mudugudu wa Lulonga. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jef Dupain |last2=Janet Nackoney |last3=Jean-Paul Kibambe |last4=Didier Bokelo |last5=David Williams |name-list-style=amp |title=Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape |url=http://www.observatoire-comifac.net/docs/edf2008/EN/SOF_23_Maringa.pdf |access-date=2011-10-14 |publisher=L'Observatoire des Forêts d'Afrique Centrale |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205354/http://www.observatoire-comifac.net/docs/edf2008/EN/SOF_23_Maringa.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umugezi wa congo]] ce2rsvkjac2hiu9psqfpe6w0jsg1uyo 0 15767 140119 112167 2026-09-25T09:08:51Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140119 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:ABIR_company_posts.svg|thumb| Umugezi wa Yekokora|236x236px]] '''Umugezi wa Yekokora''' ni uruzi ruri mu ntara ya eqateri, [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]. Yekokora ni uruzi rw'umugezi wa Lopori. Umugezi wa Lopori ufatanya n'umugezi wa [[Umugezi wa Maringa|Maringa]] mu majyepfo, ugakora [[Umugezi wa Lulonga|uruzi rwa Lulonga]], uruzi rw'umugezi wa [[Umugezi wa Congo|Kongo]]. Yekokora itembera mu kibaya cya Lopori muri Maringa, uzwi ku izina rya Maringa-Lopori-Wamba, ahantu h’icyanya gikomye bifite akamaro kanini mu bidukikije. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jef Dupain |last2=Janet Nackoney |last3=Jean-Paul Kibambe |last4=Didier Bokelo |last5=David Williams |name-list-style=amp |title=Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape |url=http://www.observatoire-comifac.net/docs/edf2008/EN/SOF_23_Maringa.pdf |access-date=2011-10-14 |publisher=L'Observatoire des Forêts d'Afrique Centrale |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205354/http://www.observatoire-comifac.net/docs/edf2008/EN/SOF_23_Maringa.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umugezi wa congo]] anuoys3om2lxoxgsx5r1opb7piy6b9q 0 15816 140107 130747 2026-09-25T09:07:26Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140107 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vanessa Lau''' (wavutse 29/04/1994) ni rwiyemezamirimo, online marketing strategist, content marketing expert, digital content creator, blogger, numu social media influencer, uzwiho cyane cyane kuri chaine ye ya YouTube<ref>{{cite web |title=YouTube |url=https://youtube.com/c/vanessalau/ |access-date=March 26, 2023 |publisher=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Vanessa Lau - IMDb |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm14148272/ |access-date=March 26, 2023 |publisher=IMDb}}</ref>. Azwiho kwigisha aba creators, abayobozi ,hamwe naba rwiyemezamirimo bakorera online uburyo bakwagura presence yabo ku imbuga nkoranyambaga bikabafasha kongera umusaruro<ref>{{cite web |title=9 Top Online Business Experts On How To Build A Successful Purpose-Filled Business |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeswigunski/2021/08/11/9-top-online-business-experts-on-how-to-build-a-successful-purpose-filled-business |access-date=March 26, 2023 |publisher=Forbes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Turn Your Digital Creator Side Hustle into a Multi-Figure Content Creator Business |url=https://gritdaily.com/turn-your-digital-creator-side-hustle-into-a-multi-figure-content-creator-business/ |access-date=March 26, 2023 |publisher=Grit Daily |archive-date=March 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327234053/https://gritdaily.com/turn-your-digital-creator-side-hustle-into-a-multi-figure-content-creator-business/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Amashuri yize n’ubuzima bwamuranze == Lau yavukiye i Vancouver mu ntara ya British Columbia mu gihugu cya Canada. Akaba afite inkomoko muri Asia. Yize amashuri yisumbuye mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya McRoberts, aho yize ibijyanye n’indimi akaba yararangije amashuri mu 2012<ref>{{cite web |title=YouTube Star Vanessa Lau: Leveraging Losses in the Game of Content Creation |url=https://herforward.com/youtube-star-vanessa-lau-leveraging-losses-in-the-game-of-content-creation/ |access-date=March 26, 2023 |publisher=HerForward}}</ref>. Lau went on to study Marketing and Brand Management at the Sauder School of Business at the University of British Columbia<ref>{{cite web |title=Creator to CEO: Vanessa Lau on How to Avoid Burnout as an Entrepreneur |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/next-step/entrepreneurship/news/creator-ceo-vanessa-lau-how-avoid-burnout-entrepreneur-3161296 |access-date=March 26, 2023 |publisher=The Daily Star}}</ref>.Yatorewe kuba Perezida wa Sosiyete y'Ubucuruzi y'icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu 2015 kandi yegukana igihembo cy’indashyikirwa cy’abagore barangije mu 2016<ref>{{cite web |title=Vanessa Lau - Facebook |url=https://www.facebook.com/VanessaLauOfficial |access-date=March 26, 2023 |publisher=Facebook}}</ref>. == References == {{Reflist|2}} 7uzuf4yryrnvtdjgug8e4idu4p9xpma 0 15823 140075 121213 2026-09-25T09:03:42Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140075 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khalid Aucho''' (wavutse 8 Kanama 1993) ni umukinnyi ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri Uganda ukinira ikipe ya Young Africans yo muri [[Tanzaniya]] ndetse [[Imisambi ya Uganda|n'ikipe y'igihugu ya Uganda]] nku mukinnyi ukina hagati mu kibuga. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Churchill Bros back in I-League |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/Churchill-Bros-back-in-ILeague-/136346.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915031855/https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/Churchill-Bros-back-in-ILeague-/136346.html |archive-date=15 September 2022 |access-date=19 September 2018 |website=heraldgoa.com}}</ref> [[Dosiye:Khalid_aucho_Tz.jpg|thumb|right|Khalid Aucho umukinnyi w'umupira w'amaguru.]] Aucho yakinnye umupira w'amaguru mu makipe atandukanye, nka Jinja Municipal Council FC kuva 2009 kugeza 2010, Water FC yo muri Uganda kuva 2010 kugeza 2012, Simba FC yo muri Uganda, Tusker ikomoka muri [[Kenya]], Gor Mahia ikomoka muri Kenya, na Baroka ikomoka muri Afurika y'Epfo. Yari mu ikipe ya Uganda yujuje ibisabwa mu gikombe cya Afurika ku nshuro ya mbere mu myaka 38. [[Dosiye:Khalid_Aucho.jpg|thumb|right|Khalid Aucho ari mu kibuga cy'umupira w'amaguru.]] == Ubuzima bwo hambere == Aucho yavukiye i Jinja, muri Uganda. Yize amashuri abanza ya Namagabimuri Kayunga, St Thudus mu cyiciro rusange, akomereza mu Ishuri rivanze rya Iganga mu mashuri yisumbuye. == Umwuga wa ikipe == === Gor Mahia FC === Muri Nyakanga 2016, Aucho yagiye mu igeragezwa mu ikipe ya Aberdeen yo muri Skotishi mu cyiciro cya mbere. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Oguda |first=Zachary |title=All set for Aucho as he heads to Scotland |url=http://www.soka.co.ke/news/item/all-set-for-aucho-as-he-heads-to-scotland |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004061740/http://www.soka.co.ke/news/item/all-set-for-aucho-as-he-heads-to-scotland |archive-date=4 October 2018 |access-date=25 August 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Opiyo |first=Vincent |title=Khalid Aucho impresses as Aberdeen thump Arbroath in friendly |url=http://www.soka.co.ke/news/item/khalid-aucho-impresses-as-aberdeen-thump-arbroath-in-friendly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004062642/http://www.soka.co.ke/news/item/khalid-aucho-impresses-as-aberdeen-thump-arbroath-in-friendly |archive-date=4 October 2018 |access-date=25 August 2016}}</ref> Kwimukira muri Aberdeen byaragiye, ariko, nyuma yo kwishyura amafaranga yo kwimura amakipe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ultimate Sports {{!}} Khalid Aucho Aberdeen deal flops |url=http://www.ultimatesports.co/2016/08/04/khalid-aucho-aberdeen-deal-flops/#sthash.X7figOFX.dpuf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222152705/http://www.ultimatesports.co/2016/08/04/khalid-aucho-aberdeen-deal-flops/ |archive-date=2016-12-22 |website=www.ultimatesports.co}} </ref> Nyuma y’igeragezwa ritangenze neza muri otcosse, Aucho yasinye muri Baroka FC ikomoka [[Afurika y’Epfo|muri Afurika yepfo]] ku giciro cyavuzwe ko ari Rande 200.000. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wandera |first=Gilbert |title=Gor Mahia cash in on Aucho's transfer |url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/m/article/2000215862/gor-mahia-cash-in-on-aucho-s-transfer |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331003624/http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/m/article/2000215862/gor-mahia-cash-in-on-aucho-s-transfer |archive-date=31 March 2017 |access-date=17 May 2018 |website=Standard Digital News |language=en}}</ref> [[Dosiye:0K8A3827_(53341132092).jpg|thumb|right|Khalid Aucho arimo gukina umupira w'amaguru.]] === Baroka FC === Ku ya 24 Kanama 2016, Aucho yasinyiye ikipe ya Baroka FC <ref>{{Cite web |last=Opiyo |first=Vincent |title=BREAKING: Khalid Aucho completes Baroka FC switch |url=http://www.soka.co.ke/news/item/breaking-khalid-aucho-completes-baroka-fc-switch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004061610/http://www.soka.co.ke/news/item/breaking-khalid-aucho-completes-baroka-fc-switch |archive-date=4 October 2018 |access-date=25 August 2016}}</ref> Yatangiye umukino we wa mbere ku ya 15 Ukwakira 2016 mu mukino w’umupira w'amaguru wa shampiyona wabereye kuri Stade ya Cape Town ku munota wa 50 asimbuye Chauke Mfundhisii. === Urubyiruko rwo muri Afurika SC === Aucho yimukiye muri ikipe yo muri Tanzaniya ya Young Africans SC muri Kanama 2021. == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda]] ps63u23wlt7jki8w9vrb0f10qpd02b6 0 15883 140142 122279 2026-09-25T09:11:32Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140142 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vincent Kayizzi''' (wavutse 6 Werurwe 1984) ni umukinnyi uri mpuzamahanga ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri [[Ubugande|Uganda]] ukinira ikipe OC Bokavu Dawa. == Umwuga wa ikipe == Kayizzi yatangiye gukina muri ikipe yo muri shampiyona ya Uganda muri Kampala City Council FC. Muri shampiyona 2006/07 yagize amahirwe aza mu ikipe y'umupira w'amaguru [[Rwanda|yo mu Rwanda]] yitwa APR FC. Muri Mutarama 2009, yimukiye i [[Burayi]] gukina mu gikombe cya mbere muri [[Seribiya]] (icyiciro cya kabiri cyo muri Seribiya) FK Srem, iyi kipe ikaba iyambere mu Burayi mu kuzana bakinnyi baturutse Uganda, nka Nestroy Kizito na Phillip Ssozi. Nyuma yaje kugira ikindi gihe mu Burayi, ubwo yakinaga na Motor Lublin muri Shampiyona ya kabiri ya [[Polonye]] 2012–13. <ref>[http://www.90minut.pl/kariera.php?id=23955 Vincent Kayizzi] at 90minut.com</ref> == Umwuga mpuzamahanga == Kayizzi akina mu [[Imisambi ya Uganda|ikipe y'umupira w'amaguru ya Uganda]] kuva 2004, kugeza muri 2014, afite imipira 40 n'ibitego 4 yatsinze. <ref name="nft">[https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/12302/Vincent_Kayizzi.html Vincent Kayizzi] at National-Football-Teams.com</ref> == Icyubahiro == == Reba == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda]] s46mwoh5ry4bekmr6cclultemjryqjm 0 15885 140143 114071 2026-09-25T09:11:39Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140143 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Martin_Kayongo-Mutumba.JPG|thumb|right|alt=Martin Kayongo Mutumba|Martin Kayongo Mutumba|303x303px]] '''Martin Kayongo-Mutumba''' (yavutse yitwa '''Martin Mutumba''', ku ya 15 Kamena 1985) yahoze ari umukinnyi ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] w'abigize umwuga wakinaga nk'umukinnyi wo hagati mu kibuga. Yibukwa cyane kumwanya muri AIK, aho yatsindiye Allsvenskan na Svenska Cupen muri 2009 . Yavukiye muri [[Suwede]] ku babyeyi bakomoka muri Uganda, yahagarariye amakipe yo muri Suwede baterengeje imyaka 17 na 19 mbere yo gukinira umukino mpuzamahanga wa mbere muri [[Imisambi ya Uganda|Uganda]] muri 2012. == Umwuga == === Umwuga wo hambere === Mu 2004 AIK yifuzaga ko Mutumba yakina na FC Café Opera, ikipe yakoraga nk'ikipe ntoya ya AIK. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 November 2006 |title=AIK FOTBOLL: AIK Fotboll och Väsby United fördjupar samarbete |url=http://www.privataaffarer.se/nyheter/Pressmeddelanden/pressmeddelande.xml?intPressReleaseID=86094 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718145618/http://www.privataaffarer.se/nyheter/Pressmeddelanden/pressmeddelande.xml?intPressReleaseID=86094 |archive-date=18 July 2011 |access-date=25 November 2008 |publisher=Privataaffarer.se}}</ref> Kubwamahirwe macye, Mutumba yavunitse ukuguru mu marushanwa yo mu rugo yakinnye na bagenzi be mbere yuko shampiyona itangira kandi ntabwo yigeze ashobora gukina umukino uwo ari wo wose wa Café Opera. <ref>[http://www.dn.se/DNet/jsp/polopoly.jsp?d=647&a=209688 Mutumba: "Jag trodde aldrig jag skulle spela igen"]</ref> Yavuze ko yatakaje imbaraga zogukina umupira w'amaguru, Urukiko rw'ubucamanza rw'amuhaye amahirwe ya kabiri ahitamo gukomeza umupira. <ref name="Jag blev en fel människa">{{Cite web |last=Johan Flinck |date=16 April 2009 |title=Jag blev en fel människa |url=http://www.aftonbladet.se/sportbladet/fotbollsbladet/sverige/allsvenskan/aik/article4920185.ab |publisher=Aftonbladet.se}}</ref> === Rah Ahan === == Ubuzima bwite == Igihe yabanje gusinyana na AIK, akiri ingimbi, ise yaretse akazi maze Mutumba ukiri muto aha umuryango amafaranga yinjiza. Iyo kipe yamuretse aragenda, umuryango wahise wisanga m'ubibazo by'ubukungu. <ref name="Jag blev en fel människa">{{Cite web |last=Johan Flinck |date=16 April 2009 |title=Jag blev en fel människa |url=http://www.aftonbladet.se/sportbladet/fotbollsbladet/sverige/allsvenskan/aik/article4920185.ab |publisher=Aftonbladet.se}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJohan_Flinck2009">Johan Flinck (16 April 2009). [http://www.aftonbladet.se/sportbladet/fotbollsbladet/sverige/allsvenskan/aik/article4920185.ab "Jag blev en fel människa"]. Aftonbladet.se.</cite></ref> == Imibare yumwuga == === ikipe === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |ikipe ! rowspan="2" |igihe ! colspan="3" |irushanwa ! colspan="2" |ibikombe ! colspan="2" |iburayi ! colspan="2" |igiteranyo |- !icyiciro !porogaramu !Ibitego !porogaramu !Ibitego !porogaramu !Ibitego !porogaramu !ibitego |- | rowspan="3" |AIK |2002 |Allsvenskan |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |2003 |Allsvenskan |9 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |9 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |igiteranyo !10 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !10 !0 |- |FC Café Opera (loan) |2004 |Superettan |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |FC Inter |2005 |Veikkausliiga |16 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |16 |2 |- |2006 |Veikkausliiga |17 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |17 |1 |- |2007 |Veikkausliiga |25 |4 |0 |0 |0 |0 |25 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |igiteranyo !58 !7 !0 !0 !0 !0 !58 !7 |- |Väsby United |2008 |Superettan |29 |4 |0 |0 |0 |0 |29 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |AIK |2009 |Allsvenskan |24 |3 |5 |1 |0 |0 |29 |4 |- |2010 |Allsvenskan |13 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |14 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !37 !7 !6 !1 !0 !0 !43 !4 |- |Videoton FC |2010–11 |Nemzeti Bajnokság I |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |AIK |2011 |Allsvenskan |28 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 |29 |3 |- |2012 |Allsvenskan |25 |2 |1 |0 |9 |0 |35 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !53 !5 !2 !0 !9 !0 !64 !5 |- |Çaykur Rizespor |2014–15 | rowspan="1" |icyiciro gikuru |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- | rowspan="1" |Rah Ahan |2014–15 | rowspan="1" |icyiciro |7 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |7 |1 |- |Brommapojkarna |2015 |Superettan |11 |0 | | |0 |0 |11 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Örgryte IS |2016 |Superettan |7 |2 |1 |0 |0 |0 |8 |2 |- |2017 |Superettan |15 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |15 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |igiteranyo !22 !4 !1 !0 !0 !0 !23 !4 |- |Syrianska |2018 |icyiciro cya1 Norra |17 |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |17 |3 |- ! colspan="3" |igiteranyo cyose !247 !27 !9 !1 !9 !0 !266 !28 |} === Mpuzamahanga === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ibigaragara n'intego z'ikipe y'igihugu n'umwaka <ref>{{Cite web |last=Strack-Zimmermann |first=Benjamin |title=Martin Kayongo-Mutumba (Player) |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/47874/Martin_Kayongo_Mutumba.html |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=www.national-football-teams.com |language=en}}</ref> !Ikipe y'igihugu ! Umwaka ! Porogaramu ! Intego |- | rowspan="3" | [[Imisambi ya Uganda|Uganda]] | 2012 | 2 | 0 |- | 2013 | 4 | 0 |- | 2014 | 1 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Igiteranyo ! 7 ! 0 |} == Icyubahiro == == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda]] e3b1rg1bsdcnuzxgs76yc3csbs10r5q 0 15893 140098 138119 2026-09-25T09:06:23Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140098 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Igishanga.jpg|thumb|Igishanga]] [[Dosiye:Florida freshwater swamp usgov image.jpg|thumb|igishanga]] [[Dosiye:Igishanga mu Rwanda,.jpg|thumb|igishanga cya ruterana]] Igishanga cya Ruterana, giherereye mu murenge wa Rongi mu karere ka Muhanga. == Ibyo wamenya ku Igishanga cya Ruterana == [[Dosiye:Igishanga mu Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Igishanga]] Igishanga cya Ruterana, cyo mu karere ka Muhanga, k’ubufatanye n’umushinga protos bigishijwe kwita kubidukikije,ndetse banahabwa ubumenyi mu gutunganya uturima twigikoni.uyu mushinga wari usanzwe ubafasha wahagaritse ibikorwa byawo maze ubyegurira akarere ka muhanga.Ubwo abo baturage bavuga ko bageze kuri byinshi, ngo haracyari byinshi bari bizeye ko bazakora k’ubufatanye n’umushinga, akaba ariho bahera basaba akarere ka muhanga kubaba hafi muburyo bwimyumvire ndetse no mubushobozi.<ref name=":0">https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-rwanda/ubukungu/article/muhanga-abatuye-umurenge-wa-rongi-nyuma-yuko-umushinga-protos-uhagaze-barasaba</ref>Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Muhanga ,nabwo bwizeza aba baturage ko buzakomeza kubafasha nkuko bwari busanzwe bukorana n’uyumushinga, ariko kandi bunasaba abaturage kugira uruhare mu gusigasira ibyo bagezeho.Abaturage bavuga babihuriraho n’ubuyobozi bw’umushinga protos, aho busaba akarere, gukomeza kuba hafi abaturage mu rwego rwo kubafasha gukomeza kugira imibereho myiza.Mu ubufatanye kuva mu mwaka wa 2014, ni bwo abo baturage batangiye gufashwa muri gahunda zigamije kurengera ibidukikije, ndetse no kuzamura imibereho yabo, ubu bakaba bashyizwe mu maboko y’Akarere byumwihariko, nyuma yuko ibikorwa byumushinga bigeze kumusozo.<ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuhinzi]] a7r6f3ogy4rzgyvxucbnuil0xb1peeb 0 15915 140187 122379 2026-09-25T09:46:28Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140187 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Geofrey Massa''' (wavutse 19 Gashyantare 1986) Ni umukinnyi ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri [[Ubugande|Uganda]] ukinira muri shampiyona ya KTFF Süper Lig k'uruhande rwa Küçük Kaymaklı muri Chiypure ya ruguru. == Umwuga wa ikipe == Yavukiye i Jinja, Massa yatangiye umwuga we muri 2004 hamwe n'ikipe ya [[Police Fc|Police FC]] muri shampiyona ya Uganda, mbere yo kwerekeza mu ikipe ya Al-Masry Club yo mu [[Misiri]] muri 2005. Yakinnye imyaka itatu muri Egiputa mbere yo kwimukira mu 2008 mu ikipe yo [[Afurika y’Epfo|muri Afurika yepfo]] ya Jomo Cosmos, yakinnye imikino 14 atsinda igitego kimwe. Muri 2008, yavuye muyo kipe asubira mu Misiri maze asinyana na Itesalat. Massa yinjiye ku ya 14 Nzeri 2011 muri shampiyona ya Telsim Super League, mu ikipe ya Yenicami Ağdelen SK. Ku ya 21 Kanama 2013, yasinyanye amasezerano na kaminuza yo muri Afurika y'Epfo ya Pretoria FC yo kuyikinira. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 August 2013 |title=AmaTuks Sign Ugandan Striker |url=http://www.amatuks.co.za/article/amatuks_sign_ugandan_striker |publisher=Amatuks.co.za |access-date=30 March 2023 |archive-date=21 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180521191711/http://www.amatuks.co.za/article/amatuks_sign_ugandan_striker |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Umwuga mpuzamahanga == Massa yagiye agaragara mu [[Imisambi ya Uganda|ikipe y'igihugu y'umupira w'amaguru ya Uganda]], akaza bwa mbere muri 2005. === Intego mpuzamahanga === {| class="wikitable" !No !italiki !ahantu !uwo bakinnye !ibitego !ibisubizo !amarushanwa |- |1. | rowspan="2" |1 ukuboza 2005 | rowspan="2" |[[Stade Amahoro|Amahoro Stadium]], [[Kigali]], [[Rwanda]] | rowspan="2" |somaliya | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |7–0 | rowspan="2" |2005 CECAFA |- |2. | align="center" |'''3'''–0 |- |3. |3 ukuboza 2005 |Amahoro Stadium, Kigali, Rwanda |sudani | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |3–0 |2005 CECAFA |- |4. |29 ukuboza 2005 |Cairo International Stadium, Cairo, Misiri |ekwadoro | align="center" |'''1'''–1 | align="center" |2–1 |[[2005 LG Cup|LG 2005]] |- |5. | rowspan="2" |2 nzeri 2006 | rowspan="2" |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, [[Ubugande|Uganda]] | rowspan="2" |lesoto | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |3–0 | rowspan="2" |igikombe cy'afurika 2008 |- |6. | align="center" |'''2'''–0 |- |7. | rowspan="2" |12 ukwakira 2008 | rowspan="2" |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda | rowspan="2" |benine | align="center" |'''1'''–1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |2–1 | rowspan="2" |2010 FIFA |- |8. | align="center" |'''2'''–1 |- |9. |7 mutarama 2009 |Nakivubo Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |somaliya | align="center" |'''4'''–0 | align="center" |4–0 |2008 CECAFA |- |10. |7 mutarama 2009 |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |burundi | align="center" |'''4'''–0 | align="center" |5–0 |2008 CECAFA |- |11. |2 ukuboza 2009 |Mumias Sports Complex, Mumias, [[Kenya]] |burundi | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |2–0 |CECAFA 2009 |- |12. |4 kamena 2011 |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |gine | align="center" |'''2'''–0 | align="center" |2–0 |igikombe cy'afurika 2012 |- |13. |16 kamena 2012 |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |congo | align="center" |'''3'''–0 | align="center" |4–0 |igikombe cy'afurika 2013 |- |14. |13 ukwakira 2012 |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |zambiya | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |1–0 (8–9 p) |igikombe cy'afurika 2013 |- |15. |31 gicurasi 2014 |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |madagasikare | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |1–0 |igikombe cy'afurika 2015 |- |16. |19 nyakanga 2014 |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |moritaniya | align="center" |'''2'''–0 | align="center" |2–0 |igikombe cy'afurika 2015 |- |17. | rowspan="2" |10 Nzeri 2014 | rowspan="2" |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda | rowspan="2" |gine | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |2–0 | rowspan="2" |igikombe cy'afurika 2015 |- |18. | align="center" |'''2'''–0 |- |19. |9 ugushyingo 2014 |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |etiyopiya | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |3–0 |Umukino wa gicuti |- |20. |13 kamena 2014 |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |botsuwana | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |2–0 |igikombe cy'afurika 2017 |- |21. |9 ugushyingo 2014 |Mandela National Stadium, Kampala, Uganda |togo | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |3–0 | FIFA 2018 |- |22. |8 mutarama 2017 |Armed Forces Stadium, Abu Dhabi, leta z'abarabu. |silovakiya | align="center" |'''3'''–1 | align="center" |3–1 |Umukino wa nshuti |} == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda]] gdbo30jkshobmyoxpim28pwn9l8emrs 0 15933 140076 94080 2026-09-25T09:03:49Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140076 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Tibingana Mwesigye''' (wavutse ku ya 28 Kanama 1994) yahoze ari umukinnyi ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] wakinaga nk'umukinnyi ukina kuruhande iburyo. Yavukiye muri [[Ubugande|Uganda]], yaginiye [[Amavubi|u Rwanda]] ku rwego mpuzamahanga. == Umwuga == Tibingana yavukiye i Mbarara, muri Uganda, yakinnye umupira w'amaguru mu ikipe ya Proline, Victoria Unversity, APR FC, [[Bullets FC|Bullets]], AS Kigali na Yala United. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonnie Mugabe |date=17 August 2012 |title=Rwanda: Tibingana Moves to Victoria University |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208180358.html |publisher=AllAfrica.com}}</ref> Yatangiye gukinira imikino mpuzamahanga mu [[Amavubi|Rwanda]] muri 2011, yaje twitabira igikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyabatarengeje imwaka 17 muri 2011 . == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda]] 4hner1fa3hw3migxlr27eapz5k542me 0 15971 140224 113174 2026-09-25T11:57:48Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140224 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tony Odur''' (wavutse 7 Ukuboza 1984) Ni umukinnyi ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri [[Uganda]] uheruka gukinira Katwe United yo muri [[Ubugande|Uganda]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-08-21 |title=Tony Odur aims at Top Scorer boot |url=http://www.mondaytimes.co.ug/details.php?option=acat&a=1586#.UwDKpTeUe1s |access-date=2015-09-25 |publisher=Mondaytimes.co.ug |archive-date=2015-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926014318/http://www.mondaytimes.co.ug/details.php?option=acat&a=1586#.UwDKpTeUe1s |url-status=dead }}</ref> Odur kandi yagiye agaragara mu [[Imisambi ya Uganda|ikipe y'umupira w'amaguru ya Uganda]]. Muri Werurwe 2010, Odur yatsinze ibitego bitazibagirana yakinnye [[Uburundi|n'Uburundi]] mu majonjora ya CHAN. == muri 2014 muri CAF muri Champion League == <ref name="observer1">{{Cite web |last=The Ugandan... |date=2010-03-30 |title=The Observer |url=http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7864&catid=44 |access-date=2015-09-25 |publisher=Observer.ug |archive-date=2014-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221205527/http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7864&catid=44 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mu marushanwa ya CAF Champions League muri 2014, KCCA FC vs El Merriekih Tony Odur yari ku rupapuro, rw'amanota rw'abatsinze igitego kimwe n'ikindi cyatsinzwe na mugenzi we Herman Wasswa kugira ngo batsindiye hanze muri sudani, ishingiye kuri El Merriekih mu mukino wa 1, yatsinze igitego mu mikino ya 2 aho KCAA FC yatsinzwe na El Merriekih mu rugo, kampala, igiteranyo cya 3-2 bishyigikira KCCA FC gukomeza. <ref>[https://archive.today/20140217070530/http://www.kawowo.com/index.php/football/17232/kcc-fc-player-rating-kcc-fc-1-2-el-merriekh-caf-cl.html KCC FC Player Rating: KCC FC 1-2 El Merriekh | CAF CL]</ref>Murin shampiyona ya CAF champions league yo muri 2014 na Nkana bakina na KCCA FC, Odur yatsinze igitego kumunsi wa 26 mu mukino urangira banganyije 2-2, kandi ibi byatumye aba umukinnyi wenyine wa KCCA watsinze ibitego mu mikino itatu mu mikino ya CAF Champions league muri 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=10-Man KCCA FC Hold Nkana |url=http://www.galaxyfm.co.ug/2014/03/02/10-man-kcca-fc-hold-nkana |access-date=2015-09-25 |publisher=Galaxyfm.co.ug |archive-date=2015-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926025515/http://www.galaxyfm.co.ug/2014/03/02/10-man-kcca-fc-hold-nkana |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Trophée de la Ligue des champions de la CAF.jpg|center|thumb|Igikombe cya CAF Champions league]] == 2003 kugeza ubu == Odur yagaragaye muri 2003 nku musore ushimishije muri Express FC. Hamwe nu muto witwa Mark Mwambo, kuva aho yaretse umukino, wo hagati, bari abana bashya kuri bariyeri yavuye ku ntebe muri Shampiyona ya makipe ya CECAFA muri uwo mwaka kugirango bahindure umukino. <ref name="observer1"/> Bombi ni bo bavuganaga muri kiriya gihe kandi birashimishije cyane iyo shampiyona irangiye, bafashije Express gutwara igikombe cya Kakungulu. Ariko gukomera cyane ni byiza gutinda kunganya, Odur yatsinze ku mukino wanyuma wa Kakungulu muri 2004 na KCC. <ref name="observer1" /> Ariko, ibibazo bya Odur byabaye iikinyabupfura gicye. Faruuk Ssimbwa, wahoze ari umuyobozi muri Express hagati ya 2005 na 2007 yatangarije [ikinyamakuru Uganda] ko Odur yari umuhanga nuko atumvira. Ati: "Yari umukinnyi wifuzwaga gushaka gufata ikipe, ariko ntashobonte niba adahawe icyo ashaka." <ref name="observer2">{{Cite web |last=The Ugandan... |date=2010-03-30 |title=The Observer |url=http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7864:-tony-odur-recovers-lost-time |access-date=2015-09-25 |publisher=Observer.ug |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924111159/http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7864:-tony-odur-recovers-lost-time |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nimwe mumpamvu yarange kureka ikipe akajya muri Bunamwaya. Yagize kandi ibizamini by'igeragezwa muri [[Danimarike]] nubwo atatsinze, kandi Tony yagize ati: "Nkeneye kongera kurasa amahirwe nk'aya niyo mpamvu nkora cyane." <ref name="observer2"/> Muri Mata 2014, Tony yagiye muri Viyetinamu gukomeza akazi ki nzozi ze, zo gukinira ahandi hanze ya Shampiyona, bityo yerekeza mu ikipe ikorera muri Viyetinamu, Sai Gon FC kugira nakore igeragezwa muri Mata 2014. Muri 2014 Tony yabuze umukino ukomeye mu gikombe cya Uganda, kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza na kaminuza ya Sc victoria kuri stade ya phillip omondi, kubera imvune yo mu ivi ariko KCCF yatsinze uyu umukino ibitego 2-1 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muneza |first=Stephen |date= |title=Uganda Cup semi-final: KCC vs SC Victoria University |url=http://www.redpepper.co.ug/uganda-cup-semi-final-kcc-vs-sc-victoria-university/ |access-date=2015-09-25 |publisher=Redpepper.co.ug |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924085641/http://www.redpepper.co.ug/uganda-cup-semi-final-kcc-vs-sc-victoria-university/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ibyagezweho n'icyubahiro == == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda]] l8qf66dnj0x28thfd03oi2g7nnmb5yy 0 16001 140209 94175 2026-09-25T11:56:07Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140209 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bevis Kristofer Kizito Mugabi''' (Yavutse ku ya 1 Gicurasi 1995) ni umukinnyi ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] wa bigize umwuga ukina nka myugariro mu shampiyona ya sikotishi mu ikipe ya Motherwell. Yabanje gukina shampiyona y'[[umupira w'amaguru]] yo mu [[Bwongereza]] muri Yeovil Town. Yavukiye mu Bwongereza, ahagarariye [[Imisambi ya Uganda|Uganda]] ku rwego mpuzamahanga. == Ubuzima bwambere kandi bwihariye == Mugabi yavukiye i Harrow, Londere, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Isabirye |first=David |date=18 February 2015 |title=Ugandan youngster, Brevis Kizito signs for English side, Southampton |url=http://www.kawowo.com/index.php/football/item/20830-ugandan-youngster-brevis-kizito-signs-for-english-side-southampton.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828025907/http://www.kawowo.com/index.php/football/item/20830-ugandan-youngster-brevis-kizito-signs-for-english-side-southampton.html |archive-date=28 August 2016 |website=Kawowo Sports}}</ref> ku babyeyi baturutse i Kampala, muri [[Uganda]]. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |last=Club |first=Motherwell Football |date=12 September 2019 |title=Bevis Mugabi signs short-term deal |url=https://www.motherwellfc.co.uk/2019/09/12/bevis-mugabi-signs-short-term-deal/}}</ref> == Umwuga wa ikipe == === Umwuga wo hambere === Mugabi yatangiye umwuga muri Fulham mbere yo kwinjira muri gahunda y’urubyiruko ya Southampton muri Nyakanga 2011, anasinyana amasezerano n’imyaka ibiri ni gice n’ikipe muri Gashyantare 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2015 |title=Mugabi signs new Saints deal to 2017 |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2015-02-13/mugabi-signs-new-saints-deal-to-2017 |access-date=5 June 2018 |publisher=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> === Umujyi wa Yeovil === Yasinyiye mu cyiciro cya kabiri cya Yeovil Town ku ya 5 Kanama 2016 ku masezerano y'umwaka. Yatangiye gukinira ikipe ye ya mbere ku ya 9 Kanama 2016, asimbuye ku munota wa 54 mu mukino wa shampiyona ya EFL Cup na Walsall. Mugabi yatsinze igitego cye cya mbere kuri Yeovil mu gikombe cya EFL wabahuje na Portsmouth ku ya 30 Kanama 2016. Muri Gicurasi 2017, yasinyanye amasezerano n’imyaka ibiri n’iyi kipe Mu mpera za shampiyona yo muri 2018–19, Mugabi yarekuwe na Yeovil nyuma yo gusezererwa muri shampiyona ya kabiri. === Mubyeyi === Ku ya 12 Nzeri 2019, Mugabi yasinyiye Motherwell ku masezerano kugeza muri Mutarama 2020. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |last=Club |first=Motherwell Football |date=12 September 2019 |title=Bevis Mugabi signs short-term deal |url=https://www.motherwellfc.co.uk/2019/09/12/bevis-mugabi-signs-short-term-deal/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFClub2019">Club, Motherwell Football (12 September 2019). </cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2019 |title=Motherwell: Ugandan centre-back Bevis Mugabi signs until January |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/49678669 |access-date=12 September 2019 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Nyuma yuko mugenzi wo muri Motherwell Charles Dunne akomeretse, Mugabi yari yiteguye gutangira bwa mbere vuba nkuko byari byitezwe. Ku ya 22 Ugushyingo 2019, Motherwell yatangaje ko bongereye amasezerano na Mugabi kugeza mu mpeshyi ya 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 November 2019 |title=BEVIS MUGABI SIGNS NEW DEAL |url=https://www.motherwellfc.co.uk/2019/11/22/bevis-mugabi-signs-new-deal/ |access-date=22 November 2019 |website=motherwellfc.co.uk/ |publisher=Motherwell F.C.}}</ref> Ku ya 18 Gashyantare 2022, Mugabi yasinyanye amasezerano na Motherwell, kugeza mu mpeshyi ya 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2022 |title=NEW DEAL FOR BEVIS MUGABI |url=https://www.motherwellfc.co.uk/2022/02/18/new-deal-for-bevis-mugabi/ |access-date=18 February 2022 |website=motherwellfc.co.uk/ |publisher=Motherwell F.C.}}</ref> == Umwuga mpuzamahanga == Mugabi yari yemerewe guhagararira Ubwongereza cyangwa Uganda ku rwego mpuzamahanga. == Imibare yumwuga == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ibigaragara n'intego by club, ibihe n'amarushanwa ! rowspan="2" | ikipe ! rowspan="2" | Igihe ! colspan="3" | Urutonde ! colspan="2" | Igikombe cyigihugu ! colspan="2" | Igikombe cya Shampiyona ! colspan="2" | Ibindi ! colspan="2" | Igiteranyo |- ! Igabana ! Porogaramu ! Intego ! Porogaramu ! Intego ! Porogaramu ! Intego ! Porogaramu ! Intego ! Porogaramu ! Intego |- | rowspan="4" | Umujyi wa Yeovil | 2016–17 | Urutonde rwa kabiri | 31 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 39 | 2 |- | 2017–18 | Urutonde rwa kabiri | 22 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 28 | 2 |- | 2018–19 | Urutonde rwa kabiri | 32 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 35 | 1 |- ! colspan="2" | Igiteranyo ! 85 ! 4 ! 4 ! 0 ! 2 ! 0 ! 11 ! 1 ! 102 ! 5 |- | rowspan="5" | Mubyeyi | 2019–20 | Ubuyobozi bwa Scottish | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 |- | 2020–21 | Ubuyobozi bwa Scottish | 23 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 27 | 2 |- | 2021-22 | Ubuyobozi bwa Scottish | 31 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 | 2 |- | 2022-23 | Ubuyobozi bwa Scottish | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 13 | 1 |- ! colspan="2" | Igiteranyo ! 74 ! 5 ! 4 ! 0 ! 2 ! 0 ! 4 ! 0 ! 84 ! 5 |- ! colspan="3" | Umwuga wose ! 159 ! 9 ! 8 ! 0 ! 4 ! 0 ! 15 ! 1 ! 186 ! 10 |} == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda]] lnqkv7rkf4oelxugq3fn7yu4n7qlorj 0 16012 139969 121884 2026-09-24T13:20:30Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139969 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Nouhou Ntollo.jpg|thumb|Benjaloud Youssouf]] '''Benjaloud Youssouf''' (wavutse 11 Gashyantare 1994) ni umukinnyi ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] wa bigize umwuga ukina nk'umukinnyi wo hagati, mu ikipe yu bufaransa ya LB Châteauroux. Yavukiye mu [[Ubufaransa|Bufaransa]], ahagarariye Comore ku rwego mpuzamahanga. == Umwuga wa ikipe == Yavukiye i Marseille, Youssouf yari mu ikipe ya FC Nantes ya batarengeje imyaka 19 yageze muri kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza cya Coupe ya Gambardella. Yinjiye muri Orléans muri 2013 ahindura umwuga arikumwe nabo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 October 2015 |title=FC Nantes: Que sont devenus les demi-finalistes de la Gambardella 2012? |url=https://www.20minutes.fr/nantes/1699599-20151001-fc-nantes-devenus-demi-finalistes-gambardella-2012 |publisher=20minutes.fr |language=fr}}</ref> Muri Kamena 2017 yimukiye muri AJ Auxerre, asinya amasezerano y'imyaka itatu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2017 |title=Mercato: Benjaloud signe à L'AJA (off) |url=http://actu-aja.fr/2017/06/25/9238/mercato-benjaloud-signe-a-laja-off/ |publisher=actu-aja.fr |language=fr |access-date=4 April 2023 |archive-date=10 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110055304/http://actu-aja.fr/2017/06/25/9238/mercato-benjaloud-signe-a-laja-off/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Amasezerano ye ya Auxerre arangiye, ntiyabashije kugaragara mu ikipe ya mbere muri shampiyona yose ya 2019–20, Youssouf yasinyiye muri Le Mans. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 June 2020 |title=Mercato : Bendjaloud Youssouf est la première recrue du Mans FC |url=https://www.francebleu.fr/sports/football/mercato-benjaloud-youssouf-est-la-premiere-recrue-du-mans-fc-1591630465 |publisher=France Bleu |language=fr}}</ref> Ku ya 23 Kamena 2021, yasinyanye na Châteauroux imyaka ibiri. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2021 |title=BENDJALOUD YOUSSOUF EST " BLEU ET ROUGE " ! |url=https://www.berrichonne.net/actualites/saison-2021-2022/actu/2740/bendjaloud-youssouf-est-%C2%AB-bleu-et-rouge-%C2%BB-# |access-date=7 December 2021 |publisher=[[LB Châteauroux|Châteauroux]] |language=fr}}</ref> == Umwuga mpuzamahanga == Youssouf yerekanye bwa mbere muri [[komore]] muri 2015. === Intego mpuzamahanga === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Urutonde rwibitego mpuzamahanga byatsinzwe na Benjaloud Youssouf ! scope="col" | Oya. ! scope="col" | Itariki ! scope="col" | Ikibanza ! scope="col" | Murwanya ! scope="col" | Amanota ! scope="col" | Igisubizo ! scope="col" | Irushanwa |- | align="center" | 1 | 24 Werurwe 2017 | Stade Said Mohamed Cheikh, Mitsamiouli, Comoros |Maurice | align="center" | 1–0 | align="center" | 2–0 | 2019 Amajonjora y'Igikombe cya Afurika |- | align="center" | 2 | 3 Kamena 2022 | Stade Omnisports de Malouzini, [[Moroni]], Comoros |Lesotho | align="center" | 2–0 | align="center" | 2–0 | 2023 Amajonjora yo guhatanira igikombe cya Afrika |} == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Komore]] iirfs8fpl18tutrlgbn28qmfaur62j2 0 16041 140228 139050 2026-09-25T11:58:15Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140228 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ikiyaga cya Nasser''' ni ikigega cy'amazi kinini kiri mu majyepfo ya Misiri no mu majyaruguru [[Sudani|ya Sudani]]. Ni kimwe mu biyaga binini byakozwe n'abantu ku isi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aswan High Dam, River Nile, Sudan, Egypt |url=http://www.water-technology.net/projects/aswan-high-dam-nile-sudan-egypt/ |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Water Technology}}</ref> Mbere yo kubaka, Sudani yarwanyaga inyubako y’ikiyaga cya Nasser, kubera ko yari kwigarurira ubutaka mu majyaruguru y’igihugu, aho abaturage benshi ba Nubiya babaga bagombaga kwimurwa. ku mpera z' ubutaka bwa Sudani hafi y'ikiyaga cya Nasser ahanini huzuyemo amazi y;ikiyaga. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Governorates of Egypt |url=http://www.statoids.com/ueg.html |access-date=16 October 2016 |website=Statoids Administrative Divisions of Countries ("Statoids")}}</ref> [[Dosiye:Lake Nasser (2427655901).jpg|thumb|Ikiyaga cya Nasser]] Mu magambo make, "Ikiyaga cya Nasser" kihariye igice kinini cy'ubutaka bwa Egiputa (83% bwabwo). == Ibisobanuro == Ikiyaga ni kirometero 479  mu burebure na kirometero16 mu bunini, iri hafi ya Tropic ya Kanseri. Ifite ubuso rusange bwa kirometerokare 5,250  kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi angana hafi kirometerokibe 132. Ikiyaga cyakozwe bitewe n’iyubakwa ry’urugomero runini rwa Aswan hakurya y’amazi ya [[Nili]] hagati y'umwaka wa 1958 na 1970. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2012 |title=Life-Giving Nile River (Aswan Dam, Egypt) |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/12/121218/pictures-life-giving-nile-river-photos/ |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=National Geographic |archive-date=23 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121223121943/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/12/121218/pictures-life-giving-nile-river-photos/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Iki kiyaga cyitiriwe Gamal Abdel Nasser, umwe mu bayobozi ba Revolution yo mu Misiri yo mu 1952, na Perezida wa kabiri wa Misiri, watangije umushinga w’urugomero runini. Perezida Anwar Sadat ni we watangije uwo mushinga kumugaragaro w'ikiyaga n'urugomero mu mwaka wa1971. == Ibibazo biriho == Igihugu cya Egiputa kibura amazi akenewe mu buhinzi n'amashanyarazi. Urugomero runini rwa Etiyopiya Renaissance, ubu rwubatswe muri [[Etiyopiya]], rwateje amakimbirane hagati ya Misiri na Sudani na Etiyopiya. Misiri ifite impungenge ko urugomero rushya ruzahagarika uruzi rwa Nili kuzuza ikiyaga cya Nasser mu buryo buhagije. Amazi yo mu kiyaga cya Nasser atanga amashanyarazi, kandi hari impungenge ko kugabanya amazi atemba mu kiyaga cya Nasser bizagira ingaruka mbi ku bushobozi bw’urugomero rwa Aswan mu itangwary' amashanyarazi. Hano hari pompe zigenzura amazi yinjira mu kiyaga cya Nasser, kuri ubu uyu mushinga utanga miliyari 10 za kilowati y’amashanyarazi buri mwaka ku Banyamisiri. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2012 |title=Life-Giving Nile |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/12/121218/pictures-life-giving-nile-river-photos/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605130929/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/pictures-life-giving-nile-river-photos |archive-date=5 June 2022 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=National Geographic}}</ref> == Siporo n'ubukerarugendo == Kuroba kuri Nil perch, uhereye ku nkombe ndetse no mu bwato, birakunzwe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nile Perch Fishing on Lake Nasser |url=https://www.tripadvisor.com/ShowTopic-g294204-i9480-k2121295-Nile_Perch_Fishing_on_Lake_Nasser-Aswan_Aswan_Governorate_Nile_River_Valley.html |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Trip Advisor}}</ref> Mbere yuko ikiyaga cya Nasser cyuzura, mu rwego rwa gahunda mpuzamahanga yo kubungabunga inzibutso za Nubiya. Ubwato bw'ikiyaga cya Nasser, burimo gusura inzibutso n'insengero ku nkombe z'ikiyaga cya Nasser, birakunzwe cyane. Gusura insengero za Abu Simbel ni ikintu cyaranze izo ngendo. == Ibindi wasoma == * Helen Chapin Metz, yasohotse, ''[http://countrystudies.us/egypt/49.htm Misiri: Kwiga Igihugu]''. Washington: GPO y'Isomero rya Kongere, 1990. * Aniba (Nubia), akarere karengerwa n'ikiyaga cya Nasser {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Ibiyaga bya Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiyaga bya Misiri]] ccaug5b4fgloj3h2e2gmlgof1fw0k2k 0 16045 139970 121272 2026-09-24T13:20:37Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139970 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cédric Bakambu''' (yavutse ku ya 11 Mata 1991) ni umukinnyi ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] wa bigize umwuga ukina nk'umukinnyi ukina imbere mu ikipe ya Olympiacos yo muri shampiyona yo [[Ubugereki|Bugereki]] ya Super League ndetse n'ikipe y'igihugu ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Repuburika Iharanaira Demokarasi ya congo]]. Yatangiye gukinira by'umwuga muri Sochaux mu mwaka wa 2010, anabakinira imikino 107 yemewe mu bihe bitanu, atsinda ibitego 21. Nyuma yi mukiye i Bursaspor kuri miliyoni 1.8 zamayelo, arangiza ari we watsinze ibitego byinshi kuko ikipe ye yaje ku mwanya wa kabiri mu gikombe cya [[Turukiya]], mbere yo gusinyira Villarreal nyuma yumwaka. Yavukiye mu Bufaransa, yabahagarariye ku rwego mpuzamahanga ubyiruko kugeza ku batarengeje imyaka 20, atsinda ibitego umunani mu mikino 38 anatsindira Shampiyona y’[[Burayi|Uburayi]] yo muri 2010 mu batarengeje imyaka 19 . Muri 2015, yatangiye gukinira ikipe ye y'igihugu ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Repuburika Iharanaira Demokarasi ya congo]]. == Umwuga wa ikipe == Bakambu yavukiye i Vitry-sur-Seine, yatangiye umwuga we muri Ivry waho afite imyaka 10 mbere yo kwimukira i Sochaux nyuma yimyaka ine. Ku ya 1 Gicurasi 2010, Bakambu yakinnye umukino wa nyuma wa Coupe Gambardella muri 2010 maze atsindira ikipe ye igitego kuri Stade ya France. Sochaux ariko, yatsinzwe umukino 4–3 kuri penariti. Yabanje gutsinda ibitego bibiri muri kimwe cya kane yatsinze kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza yatsinze Metz. Bakambu yatangiye umwuga we ku ya 7 Kanama 2010 mu mukino wafunguye wa Sochaux wo muri shampiyona ya Ligue 1 na Arles-Avignon, agaragara nk'umusimbura ku munota wa 83 wasimbuye Modibo Maïga ku ntsinzi y'ibitego 2–1 kuri Stade Auguste Bonal. Ukwezi kwakurikiyeho, yasinyanye amasezerano ye yambere yumwuga yemera amasezerano y'imyaka itatu niyi kipe kugeza muri Kamena 2013. [[Dosiye:Bakambu.JPG|thumb| Bakambu mu bikorwa bya Villarreal mu Kuboza 2015.]] {{notelist}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | colspan="3" |DR Congo |- ! Umwaka ! Porogaramu ! Intego |- | 2015 | 4 | 0 |- | 2016 | 5 | 3 |- | 2017 | 7 | 4 |- | 2018 | 2 | 0 |- | 2019 | 11 | 6 |- | 2020 | 2 | 0 |- | 2021 | 7 | 0 |- | 2022 | 2 | 0 |- | 2023 | 2 | 2 |- ! Igiteranyo ! 42 ! 15 |} == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] hsyk8bzubvtde398ah5l9ur5h7ghcil 0 16074 140210 122118 2026-09-25T11:56:14Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tshimen Bwanga''' (wavutse Ku ya 5 Mutarama 1949) yahoze ari umukinnyi ukina [[umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri Zaire. Yakinnye mu buzima bwe bwose muri Tout Puissant Mazembe, aho yitabiriye imikino irenga 300 n'ikipe ye. Yatangiye icyiciro cye muri shampiyona yo muri1963-1964 nkumuto wa Tout Puissant Englebert, mbere yuko yinjira mu ikipe yabigenewe y'ikipe ye yi myitozo igihembwe yakurikiyeho, nyuma yinjira mu matsinda ya bigize umwuga mu gihe cya 1965-1966 aho yatsindiye gukurikira icyiciro cya mbere, hamwe n'abatsinze inshuro eshanu muri Afurika Champions League. Azamenya guhitamo kwe bwa mbere hamwe n'ingwe ya Zayire muri 1968 abitegetswe na André Mori, mbere yuko Blagoja Vidinić atangira kuyobora iryo hitamo muri 1970. '''Vidinić''' yashyizeho visi-kapiteni '''Tshimen Bwanga''' akihagera. Yaje kuba kapiteni muri 1972. Kugeza ubu atuye mu [[Ubufaransa|Bufaransa]], muri Les Ulis muri Essonne, umujyi utari muto cyane mu buryo bwa siporo, aho abantu bamwe na bamwe nka Thierry Henry, Patrice Évra, cyangwa Anthony Martial bakuriye. == Ibihembo == * Amakipe abiri yatwaye shampiyona wa Afrika Champion Club (yahoze ari Champions League) (1967,1968). * URASHOBORA gutsinda (1974). * Kwitabira Igikombe cy'isi (1974). * Uwatsindiye igikombe cy'umupira w'amaguru muri Afurika (1980). == Icyubahiro cyawe == * Ballon d'Or Umupira w'amaguru muri Afurika y'Ubufaransa mu 1973 * [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] IFFHS Umukinnyi w'ikinyejana <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marcelo Leme de Arruda |date=21 janvier 2000 |title=IFFHS' Players and Keepers of the Century for many countries |url=http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/iffhs-country-complete.html |access-date=2 mars 2010 |website=[http://www.rsssf.com www.rsssf.com] |publisher=[[RSSSF]] |language=en}}</ref> * Inshuro 4 URASHOBORA kurangiza == Inyandiko == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] dymxxcmavjg59i0v3iz1t3so6gft3vy 0 16076 140036 118453 2026-09-24T13:28:32Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140036 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox_v2 noarchive" | colspan="3" class="entete footballblack" style="background-color:#99cc99;color:#000000;" |Yves Diba Ilunga |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;" | |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |uko bimeze |- ! scope="row" |ikipe | colspan="2" |→ EAU ajman club |- ! scope="row" |inomero | colspan="2" |10 |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |ibimuranga |- ! scope="row" |Ubwenegihugu | colspan="2" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Congolais (RDC)]] |- ! scope="row" |Amavuko | colspan="2" |<time datetime="1987-08-12" class="nowrap date-lien bday" data-sort-value="1987-08-12">12 Kanama 1987</time> <span class="noprint">(Imyaka 35)</span> <br /><br />Lubumbashi ([[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|RD Congo]]) |- ! scope="row" |Uburebure | colspan="2" |metero 1,81 |- ! scope="row" |Umwanya | colspan="2" |hagati mu kibuga |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |Mu bana |- | style="font-weight: normal;" |'''Umwaka''' | colspan=" 2 " |'''ikipe''' |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | |- | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s> | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> Scom Mikishi |- | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s> | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> [[FC Lupopo]] |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |mu nyamwuga |- |'''umwaka''' |'''ikipe''' |ibindi |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;color:#3;" | |- | class="data" |2004-2009 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> AS Vita Club |- | class="data" |2009-2011 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Arabiya Sawudite]]</span> Najran | class="data" |31 (15) |- | class="data" |2011- 2013 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Arabiya Sawudite]]</span> Al-Raed | class="data" |47 (21) |- | class="data" |2013- | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Qatar.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Qatar.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Qatar]]</span> Al-Sailiya | class="data" |14 (9) |- | class="data" |2014- | class="data" |→ <span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Qatar.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Qatar.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Qatar]]</span> Al Kharitiyath | class="data" |1 (1) 2017- AS Vita Club |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |ikipe y'igihugu |- |'''umwaka''' |ikipe |ibindi |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;color:#3;" | |- | class="data" |2006- | class="data" |<span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> Congo</span> | class="data" |15 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(6) |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;color:#555555;" | |- | colspan="3" class="navigation-only" style="border-top: 2px #99cc99 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;" | |} [[Dosiye:Mini football game.jpg|thumb|Umupira wamaguru]] '''Yves Diba Ilunga''' (yavutse Ku ya 12 Kanama 1987) Ni umukinnyi ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] ari mpuzamahanga no muri congo i Lubumbashi. Akina nka rutahizamu w'ikipe yo muri Qatari ya Al Kharitiyath n'ikipe y'igihugu ya congo. == Ubuzima == Yatoranijwe bwa mbere Ku ya 11 Kanama 2010 hamwe n'ikipe ya A ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] mu mukino wa gicuti na [[Misiri]] aho yanatsinze igitego cye cya mbere mu ikipe y'igihugu ya A. Mbere, yari yarahamagawe mu ikipe ya A mu mukino wo kwishyura ndetse no mu cyiciro cya nyuma cya CHAN muri 2009 (Shampiyona y’ibihugu bya Afurika). Umukino we wa mbere na A 'yakiniwe i Lubumbashi na Repubulika ya Kongo mu cyiciro cyo gukuraho. Kuriyi nshuro, azafungura amazamu yu mukino uzarangira itsinze 3-0. == Inyandiko == {{Reflist}} == amahuza yo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] agsubp479x4w1l9hf2ew1q3in8pxllh 0 16081 140016 127358 2026-09-24T13:26:09Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140016 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Mini football game.jpg|thumb|Umupira wamaguru]]'''Elos Elonga-Ekakia''' (yavutse Ku ya 2 Gicurasi 1974 ) ni umukinnyi ukina[[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|congo]], ubu yahinduwe umutoza w'urubyiruko. Amaze umwuga we wose mu mwuga mu [[Bubiligi]], akina mu ma kipe abiri akomeye yo muri iki gihugu, FC Bruges na Anderlecht, kandi yambaraga umwenda w’ikipe y’[[igihugu]] cya Kongo inshuro mirongo itatu. Nyuma yo gutwara igikombe cyo w’Ububiligi hamwe na Anderlecht muri 2000, yaguye mu mpanuka ikomeye yo mu muhanda ituma ataba mu murima imyaka hafi 3. Ekakia yahise akina ibihe bitarenze bibiri bya Francs Borains <ref name="accident_dh">[http://www.dhnet.be/dhjournal/archives_det.phtml?id=215685 La renaissance d'Ekakia], archives DH.net, page consultée le 2 mars 2011</ref>, ariko ingaruka zimpanuka zagaragaye mu mukino we. Urubyiruko rw'ikipe rwa bigaragaje, Lokeren <ref name="footgoal">[https://web.archive.org/web/20230407232935/https://footgoal.net/suite.php?selection=57229 Ekakia devient entraîneur des attaquants de Lokeren], site Footgoal.net, page consultée le 2 mars 2011</ref> . == Umwuga == Elonga-Ekakia yatangiye gukinira ikipe ya AS Vita Club, imwe mu makipe akomeye i [[Kinshasa]], [[umurwa]] mukuru wa [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] muri 1993. Byihuse cyane, yabonywe na bashakishwa abakinnyi muri Beveren, ikipe yo m'[[ububiligi]], ariko ntabwo yigeze abona amahirwe ahari. Nyuma yu mwaka ku ntebe, yimukiye i Lokeren, waje gukina mu cyiciro cya 2 . Yatsindiye igikombe muri 1995-1996, hamwe n'ibitego 14, yagize uruhare runini mu kuzamuka kw'iyi kipe muri D1 . Igihe abantu bashya bateraga i Lokeren muri 1998, Jan Koller na Jean-Paul Boeka-Lisasi, Ekakia yabonye igihe cye cyo gukina kigabanuka, kandi ageze mu kibuga wasangaga akenshi bifata uruhande. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, yerekeje muri FC Brugge, shampiyo urinda izamu, hamwe na mugenzi we Koen Schockaert. Ekakia amara igihe muri Bruges, abujijwe na bakinnyi nka Gert Verheyen cyangwa Edgaras Jankauskas. Yatsinze ibitego bibiri gusa, maze ava muri iyo kipe yerekeza kuri Anderlecht bahanganye, aho yasanze Jan Koller. Muri icyo gihembwe, mauve yiganjemo shampiyona, kandi Ekakia ya gombaga guhangana n’amarushanwa akomeye cyane na Koller, ariko na Tomasz Radzinski, Oleg Iachtchouk, Edrissa Sonko cyangwa Yánnis Anastasíou. Nyamara yakinnye imikino igera kuri mirongo itatu, kandi afite ibitego icumi, yagize uruhare mu gutwara igikombe cya shampiyona w’[[Ububiligi]] ndetse n’igikombe cya Pro League muri 2000 . Kubwamahirwe, nyuma gato yo gutsindira igihugu, Ekakia yaguye mu mpanuka ikomeye yo mu muhanda. Yatanyaguje imitsi ye ikomeye, maze ihungabana ritera kuva amaraso mu bwonko. Ufatwa nk'uwatsinzwe mu mupira w'amaguru, bimutwara hafi imyaka itatu kugirango agaruke mu kibuga. Yagarutse mu cyiciro cya 3, ahitwa Francs Borains, aho yakinnye kugeza muri 2004 mbere yo kumanika burundu. Muri Kanama 2010, yagizwe umutoza wihariye w'amakipe y'urubyiruko ya Lokeren <ref name="footgoal"/> == Ibipimo == {{Traduction/Référence|nl|Elos Elonga-Ekakia|22213203}} == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] fudj7em8szi2583o0lsa0yr3tc3eeht 0 16086 140061 94352 2026-09-24T13:38:03Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140061 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roger Hitoto''', (Yavutse Ku ya 24 Gashyantare 1969) i Mbandaka ( muri Zayire, ubu [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|ni Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] ), ni umukinnyi ukina arimpuzamahanga mu [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]. Umukinnyi hagati mu kibuga hamwe n'uwatwitse, Hitoto yamaze igihe kinini cyu mwuga we m[[ubufaransa]]. == Umwuga == Yatojwe ari muri FC Melun, Hitoto yahiswemo afite imyaka 15 na FC Rouen. Ku myaka 19, muri 1988, yatangiye bwa mbere mu cyiciro cya 2. Muri shampiyona esheshatu yakinnye imikino 147 muri D2 (igitego 1) na 10 muri gikombe cya bafaransa. Nyuma yaje kwinjizwa muri Lille OSC, ikipe ikomeye. Buhoro yigaragaza nk'intangiriro, akurikira Jakob Friis-Hansen. Yakinnye shampiyona bitatu muri D1 (imikino 66 n'ibitego 3) hanyuma bibiri muri D2 (imikino 43) <ref name="ne">[http://www.nordeclair.fr/Locales/Lille/Sports/2012/03/23/roger-hitoto-un-leopard-du-congo-freine.shtml Roger Hitoto : un « Léopard du Congo » freiné dans sa progression], nordeclair.fr, 23/03/2012</ref> . Yatoranijwe mu ikipe ya Zaire (yiswe iya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] muri 1997), yitabira igikombe cya Afurika cy’ibihugu muri 1996 (yakinnye imikino 2 ) hamwe na 1998 (imikino 3 ). Yakinnye kandi imikino itatu yujuje ibisabwa mu gikombe cyisi cyo muri 1998 . Yakomeretse cyane muri 1998, Hitoto yavuye i Lille muri 1999 yerekeza [[Ubushinwa|mu Bushinwa]] hanyuma muri [[katari]]. Mu 2001, yagarutse muri shampiyona muri FC Rouen, asubira muri katari, nyuma arangiza umwuga we mu ma kipe yakiniraga harimo FC Mantes, CMS Oissel, ni zindi <ref name="ne">[http://www.nordeclair.fr/Locales/Lille/Sports/2012/03/23/roger-hitoto-un-leopard-du-congo-freine.shtml Roger Hitoto : un « Léopard du Congo » freiné dans sa progression], nordeclair.fr, 23/03/2012</ref> , . Nyuma yuko atangiye izabukuru muri siporo, Hitoto yongeye kuba umujyanama ku isi mu [[umupira w'amaguru]] maze afata inshingano muri federasiyo y'umupira w'amaguru ya Kongo, nk'umuyobozi ureberera mu [[Burayi]]. == Inyandiko == {{Reflist}} == amahuza yo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] 5v61gjf3qfcqxbwyvpse5j6ux64g9gv 0 16129 140156 94457 2026-09-25T09:27:11Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140156 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:KAA_Gent_1965.jpg|thumb| Hepfo iburyo: Pierre Mwana Kasongo, Lambert, Bula - se w'umucuranzi Blaise Bula - Mayama, [[Giberto Della Brida]], [[Breackman]] (umutoza) mu 1965 kuri KAA Gent]] '''Pierre Mwana Kasongo''' nanone yitwa '''Muana''' ) yari umukinnyi w'[[umupira w'amaguru]] wa bigize umwuga wavutse Ku ya 10 Ukwakira 1938 kandi yapfuye Ku ya 13 Mutarama 1986 . Yakiniye ikipe y'igihugu <nowiki><i id="mwFQ">Les Léopards</i></nowiki>, atoza andi n'amakipe yaho kandi akinira amakipe abiri yo mu [[Bubiligi]]. Yari azwi cyane kubera ubuhanga, impano n'imiterere. Yari umwe mu bakinnyi bake b'Abanyekongo batoranijwe gukina [[umupira w'amaguru]] mu [[Burayi]] muri 1963. Yagumye i Ghent, umujyi w’icyambu na komine mu karere ka Flemande mu [[Bubiligi]]. Igihe y'amaze mu Bubiligi, yakiniye amakipe ya Gantoise (1965-1967) na Verviétois (1961-1965) . == Urubyiruko n'umwuga == Pierre Mwana Kasongo yari [[umupira w'amaguru]] w'umuhanga kandi ufite ubuhanga bwo gukina [[umupira w'amaguru]] aho yagaragaye mu bwana bwe. Nyina yavuze ko yanze gukina n'ibindi bikinisho kandi yishimira gukina n'umupira we w'amaguru. Amaze gukura, yari azwi cyane kubera kuba umuntu ufite uburakari buke kandi yari azwiho kurwana iyo arakaye cyane, ariko ibyo ntibyigeze bimubuza umwuga we w'[[umupira w'amaguru]]. Imico nk'iyi yamuhesheje amazina yamwiziritseho kugeza apfuye nka "Bomber»,« Volvo »n'abandi menshi nka« Mwadia Nvita » <ref>[http://mbokamosika.com/article-l-enfant-terrible-mwana-kasongo-88865322.html L’ENFANT TERRIBLE MWANA KASONGO] / mbokamosika.com</ref> . Igihe kimwe, Kasongo yarwanye na Bakekole Lumumba hanze y'urubyiniro. Muri 1960, Kasongo yakiniye FC St. Eloi muri Elisabethville, ubu yitwa Lubumbashi, kugeza muri 1961. Mbere yo kwimukira mu [[Bubiligi]], we n'umugore we babyaranye abana batatu kandi babiri muri bo bimukana na we n'umugore we mu [[Bubiligi]]. Mu gihe ya maze mu Bubiligi ni bwo we n'umugore we babyaranye umwana wabo wa kane n'uwa gatanu. Nku musore ufite impano; yatorewe gukinira i [[Burayi]] yimurirwa mu Bubiligi muri 1961 mu rwego rwo gushimangira amakipe y'Ububiligi. Hamwe na Patrice Kimoni na Stanislas Kalamba, Kasongo yashoboye kwinjiza muri RCS Verviers, izwi kandi nka CS Vervietois <ref name="r1">[http://mbokamosika.com/article-1963-les-trois-katangais-s-integrent-a-verviers-122387205.html 1963: les trois Katangais s’intègrent à Verviers] / mbokamosika.com</ref> , <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160305011216/http://users.skynet.be/fb304341/topschutters2.htm Meilleures buteurs Division II] / skynet.be</ref> . Yakiniye RCS Verviers kuva 1965 kugeza 1966 hanyuma bidatinze yinjira muri ARA Gent, uzwi nka KAA Gent muri Nyakanga 1967 , asigaye kugeza 1968. Mu 1968, Igikombe cya Afurika cyabereye muri [[Etiyopiya]] naho [[Congo]] ikina na [[Gana]] ku mukino wa nyuma kuri Stade [[Addis Ababa]] ku ngoma ya Haile Selassie. Leon Mungamuni yatsinze iminota icumi m]ugihe cyinyongera m'ugihe Congo-Kinshasa yatsinze ibitego 3-2 kugirango igere kumukino wanyuma ihure na Gana. Pierre Kalala Mukendi yatsinze igitego cy'umukino mu gice cya kabiri cyafashijwe n'umupaka winyuma wa Kasongo. Kubera iyi ntsinzi yatsinze Gana niho Ingwe yegukanye igikombe cya mbere cya AFCON. Baba shampiyo basubiye mu gihugu cyabo, bakiriwe na Mobutu na ba minisitiri be, barimo Etienne Tshisekedi wahoze ari Minisitiri w’intebe wa Kongo. Bakiriwe neza kandi batumirwa gufata amafoto yemewe na Mobutu. Bose bari bambaye imyenda imwe kandi bose bari bambaye ingofero y’ingwe ya Mobutu. Nyuma yo gutsinda CAN 1968, Perezida Mobutu Sese Seko yatumiye ikipe ya Pelé na [[Burezile]] FC Santos mu mikino ya gicuti i Zayire. Mwana Kasongo yari umwe mu bakinnyi bari mu ikipe ya Kongo yakinnye n'umukinnyi uzwi cyane wo muri [[Burezile]] ndetse n'ikipe ye yose <ref>[http://rsssf.com/tables/68a.html African Nations Cup 1968] / [[RSSSF]]</ref> . == Ibihembo == {| border="0" cellpadding="2" | === Inyandiko za club === ; [[Royal Verviers Sports Club|CS Vervietois]] * '''Shampiyona yo mu Bubiligi D2''' ** Rutahizamu mwiza 1962-63 <nowiki><small id="mwYg">(ibitego 28)</small></nowiki> . | width="20" | | valign="top" | === Abatsinze gutoranya === ; Congo-Kinshasa * '''Igikombe cya Afurika''' ( '''1''' ): ** Uwatsinze 1968 . |} == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] ki4uwtj9geqp0cqlnfeo0qcy5qnvcmo 0 16155 140181 100366 2026-09-25T09:45:45Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140181 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Youssouf Mulumbu.jpg|thumb|Youssouf Mulumbu]] '''Youssouf Mulumbu''', (yavutse Ku ya 25 Mutarama 1987), yahoze ari umukinnyi mpuzamahanga w'[[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] ukina ari mpuzamahanga ukomoka i Bumbu, muri komini mu mujyi wa [[Kinshasa]] muri [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Kongo,]] wahindutse umukinnyi wo hagati, kuri ubu ni umuyobozi mukuru wa FC Tanganyika akaba ari ikipe yo muri Kongo ifite icyicaro i Kalemie <ref>{{Cite web |last=tresor |date=2022-10-06 |title=La nouvelle vie de Youssouf Mulumbu |url=https://footrdc.com/a-la-une/la-nouvelle-vie-de-youssouf-mulumbu/ |access-date=2023-01-08 |website=Foot RDC |language=fr-FR}}</ref> . == Ubuzima == akiri muto n'umuryango we bagiye mu [[Bufaransa]] avuye muri Zayire (izina ryahoze ryitwa [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]), yakuriye mu mujyi wa Épinay-sous-Sénart, mu nkengero za Paris. === Muri ikipe === Yinjiye mu kigo cy’imyitozo cya PSG <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://psg1987.skyrock.com/339331175-Youssouf-Mulumbu.html |title=Interview de Youssouf Mulumbu |access-date=2023-04-08 |archive-date=2015-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128225430/http://psg1987.skyrock.com/339331175-Youssouf-Mulumbu.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> afite imyaka 13, yambikwa ikamba rya shampiyo w’[[Ubufaransa]] munsi y’imyaka 18 muri shampiyona yo muri 2005-2006 . Ku ya 22 Ukwakira 2006 , Guy Lacombe bituma akora bwa mbere muri Ligue 1, ku myaka 19 n'amezi 10, ahanganye na AJ Auxerre asinyana amasezerano ya mbere y'umwuga na PSG Ku ya 13 Ugushyingo y'umwaka umwe. Gusezerana, ni igihe gikurikirwa na Manchester United. Shampiyona irangiye, yatoranijwe mu ikipe y’Ubufaransa y’abatarengeje imyaka 20 yatsinze irushanwa rya Toulon. Yakiriye ihitamwo rye rya mbere mu ikipe y'Ubufaransa ya Espoirs Ku ya 21 Kanama 2007 bakina na [[Ubutaliyani]]. Muri shampiyona yo muri 2007-2008, yatijwe nta mahitamo yo kugura Amiens SC muri Ligue 2 (imikino 29, igitego kimwe). Yagarutse muri PSG muri shampiyona yo muri 2008-2009 yakinnye imikino mike ya UEFA. Ariko, akomeza kugarukira kumwanya wabasimbuye. === Umwuga mpuzamahanga === === Mu guhitamo === == Ibihembo == * 2019 Igikombe cya Sikotishi League Igikombe hamwe na Celtic FC * Paris SG : ** Nyampinga wUbufaransa wimyaka -18 : 2006 ** Umukinnyi wanyuma wigikombe : 2006 * Ikipe y'Ubufaransa -Imyaka 20: ** Uwatsinze irushanwa rya Toulon : 2007 * '''DR Congo''' ** Igikombe cya Afurika : *** Icya gatatu : 2015 . == Inyandiko == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] sxce6yayovrwvcfrdjrycm7q0kdyhaq 0 16183 139992 94517 2026-09-24T13:23:13Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139992 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mbala Mbuta''' (yavutse Ku ya 7 Mata 1985) ni umutoza muri [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|wa congo]] (DRC) uvuka i [[Kinshasa]], [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|muri Kongo]] (DRC). == Umwuga == Muri FC Les Star de Kinshasa niho yavumbuwe. Bidatinze yinjiye muri DC Motema Pembe. Ikipe ye yegukanye igikombe [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|cya congo]] muri 2002 ndetse na shampiona [[Kinshasa|ya Kinshasa]], ibikombe byinshi bya shampiyona [[Kinshasa|ya Kinshasa]]. Yatsindiye ibikombe 2 bya muri [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|wa Kongo]] mu myaka ibiri yakurikiyeho ndetse n'indi shampiyona [[Kinshasa|ya Kinshasa]] mbere yo kuva muri iyi kipe. Amaze gutsinda byinshi muri DC Motema Pembe (DCMP), yageze muri [[Isirayeli|Isiraheli]] muri 2004 mu gihe kitari gito ku nguzanyo. Yinjiye mu ikipe ya Hapoel Tel-Aviv, yamazeyo amezi atandatu mbere yo kugwa mu [[Burayi]] aho azakinira mu [[Ubusuwisi|Busuwisi]] muri Yverdon-Sport FC, iyi kipe yazamutse mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’Ubusuwisi. Ntabwo azwi n’abanyaburayi, ariko asanzwe ari inyenyeri mu gihugu cye. Muri 2006, ikipe ye, Yverdon-Sport FC, yamanuwe mu cyiciro cya kabiri cy’Ubusuwisi ( Challenge League ). Zurich Grasshopper noneho ihitamo kugura uyu mukinnyi utanga ikizere cyane. Ku ya 20 Kanama 2014, SO Cholet iratangaza ko yashakishije umukinnyi muri shampiyona itaha. == amahuza yo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] 6nv2793r9n9gtisenuquku8hxgae6tb 0 16195 140086 126750 2026-09-25T09:04:59Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140086 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kapela Mbiyavanga''', (yavutseKu ya 12 Gashyantare 1976 i [[Kinshasa]]) ni umukinnyi uri mpuzamahanga ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira wamaguru]] [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|wa congo]], ubu ni umutoza wa União SC do Uíge yo muri [[Angola]], ukina muri Girabola == Ubuzima == === Umwuga wa ikipe === [[Dosiye:Mini football game.jpg|thumb|Umupira w'amaguru]] [[Dosiye:Trophée de la Ligue des champions de la CAF.jpg|thumb|CAF Champions league]] Mu 1994, icyo gihe yari afite imyaka 18, yinjijwe muri DC Motema Pembe, ikipe iri mu gihugu cye kavukire. Yakinnye ibihe bitanu byose hamwe niyi kipe, atwara Linafoot eshatu, n'igikombe cyabatwaye igikombe muri 1994 . Amaze kuva muri iyo kipe mu idirishya ryo kwimura imbeho 2000, yinjiye muri Atlético Pétroles Luanda yo muri [[Angola]]. Mu mwaka wa mbere, yatsindiye Girabola n'i gikombe cya Angola. Yasubiyemo iyi mikorere shampiyona ikurikira. Mu 2002, yongeyeho Supercopa ya Angola. Yageze kandi muri iyi kipe muri kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza muri CAF Champions League muri 2001 . Yagaragaye cyane muri iri rushanwa, atsinda igitego mu matsinda yakinnye n'ikipe yo mu Misiri ya Al Ahly, nyuma inshuro ebyiri muri kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza n'ikipe yo muri Afurika y'Epfo ya Mamelodi Sundowns <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230409093840/https://www.transfermarkt.fr/kapela-mbiyavanga/leistungsdaten/spieler/628545 Statistiques de Kapela Mbiyavanga] sur ''transfermarkt.fr''</ref> . Muri 2005, yatrijwe igihembwe mu ikipe ya Maritzburg yo muri [[Afurika y'Epfo]]. Yagurijwe kandi muri 1 ° de Agosto muri 2007. Mu 2008, yimuriwe muri Kabuscorp SC, club aho yagiye mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru nk'umukinnyi muri 2010. Muri uwo mwaka, yabaye umutoza wungirije wa Kabuscorp SC, umwanya yari afite umwaka umwe. Yaje kuba umutoza wa União SC do Uíge muri shampiyona ya 2011/2012. Yongeye kuba umutoza w'iyi kipe muri Gicurasi 2014 <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 mai 2014 |title=Mbiyavanga Kapela nouveau entraîneur d'União Uíge |url=http://www.abola.pt/nnh/ver.aspx?id=475805 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508030202/http://www.abola.pt/nnh/ver.aspx?id=475805 |archive-date=8 mai 2014 |access-date=7 mai 2014 |publisher=[[A Bola (journal)|A Bola]] |language=portugais}}</ref> . === Umwuga mpuzamahanga === === nk'umukinnyi === {| align="center" bgcolor="#f7f8ff" border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="font-size: 95%; border: gray solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;" ! width="190" |Club ! width="170" | Igihugu ! width="120" | Umwaka |- align="center" | DC Motema Pembe |Zayire | 1994 - 1999 |- align="center" | Atletico Petroleos Luanda |Angola | 2000 - 2005 |- align="center" | Maritzburg United FC <small>(inguzanyo)</small> |Afurika y'Epfo | 2005 - 2006 |- align="center" | Atletico Petroleos Luanda |Angola | 2006 - 2007 |- align="center" | CD Primeiro de Agosto <small>(inguzanyo)</small> |Angola | 2007 - 2008 |- align="center" | Kabuscorp SC do Palanca |Angola | 2008 - 2010 |} == Inyandiko == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] ofdeh89zdf84vbq8tqdy6pjz6cppaqr 0 16202 140225 118464 2026-09-25T11:57:55Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140225 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Footballeur|nom=Nsumbu Mazuwa|nom de naissance=Emmanuel Nsumbu Mazuwa|image=|taille image=|légende=|nationalité={{COD-d}} [[République démocratique du Congo|Congolais (RDC)]]|date de naissance={{date|24|9|1982|en football|âge=oui}}|lieu de naissance=[[Kisangani]] ([[RD Congo]])|taille={{Taille|m=1.85}}|position=[[Milieu de terrain]]|club actuel=|numéro en club=|période pro=[[1999 en football|1999]]-[[2015 en football|2015]]|parcours junior=|parcours pro={{trois colonnes | [[1999 en football|1999]]-[[2000 en football|2000]]|{{COD-d}} [[Tula Mpaka]]| {{0}}34 {{0}}(0) | [[2000 en football|2000]]-[[2003 en football|2003]]|{{COD-d}} [[AS Vita Club]]| {{0}}84 {{0}}(0) | [[2003 en football|2003]]-[[2005 en football|2005]]|{{nobr|{{ISR-d}} [[Hapoël Haïfa]]}}| {{0}}60 {{0}}(9) | [[2005 en football|2005]]-[[2006 en football|2006]]|{{ISR-d}} [[Betar Jérusalem]]| {{0}}31 {{0}}(2) | [[2006 en football|2006]]-[[2007 en football|2007]]|{{ISR-d}} [[Maccabi Netanya]]| {{0}}29 {{0}}(0) | [[2007 en football|2007]]-[[2008 en football|2008]]|{{ISR-d}} [[Hapoël Tel-Aviv FC]]| {{0}}29 {{0}}(0) | [[2008 en football|2008]]-[[2009 en football|2009]]|{{ISR-d}} [[Bnei Sakhnin FC]]| {{0}}13 {{0}}(1) | [[2009 en football|2009]]|{{TUR-d}} [[Kocaelispor]]| {{0}}13 {{0}}(0) | [[2009 en football|2009]]-[[2011 en football|2011]]|{{TUR-d}} [[İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Spor Kulübü|İstanbul Büyükşehir]]| {{0}}21 {{0}}(0) | [[2009 en football|2009]]-[[2011 en football|2011]]|{{CHY-d}} [[Lapta TBSK]]| {{0}}11 {{0}}(0) | [[2012 en football|2012]]-[[2013 en football|2013]]|{{TUR-d}} [[Samsunspor]]| {{0}}11 {{0}}(0) | [[2013 en football|2013]]-[[2015 en football|2015]]|{{MAL-d}} [[Felda United FC]]| {{0}}6 {{0}}(0) | [[2015 en football|2015]]|{{COD-d}} [[DC Motema Pembe|DCMP Imana]]| {{0}}? {{0}}(?)}}}} {| class="infobox_v2 noarchive" | colspan="3" class="entete footballblack" style="background-color:#99cc99;color:#000000;" |Nsumbu Mazuwa |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |Ibi mugize |- ! scope="row" |<u>Amazina</u> | colspan="2" |Emmanuel Nsumbu Mazuwa |- ! scope="row" |Ubwenegihugu | colspan="2" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Congolais (RDC)]] |- ! scope="row" |amavuko | colspan="2" |<time datetime="1982-09-24" class="nowrap date-lien" data-sort-value="1982-09-24">24 nzeri 1982</time> <span class="noprint">(40 )</span> <br /><br />Kisangani ([[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|RD Congo]]) |- ! scope="row" |Ubburebure | colspan="2" |1,85 |- ! scope="row" |<u>Igihe</u> | colspan="2" |1999-2015 |- ! scope="row" |Umwanya | colspan="2" |Hagati mu kibuga |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |umwuga |- |'''umwaka''' |'''ikipe''' |ib |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;color:#3;" | |- | class="data" |1999-2000 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> [[Tula Mpaka]] | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>34 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2000-2003 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> AS Vita Club | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>84 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2003-2005 | class="data" |<span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Israel.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Israel.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Isiraheli]]</span> Hapoël Haïfa</span> | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>60 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(9) |- | class="data" |2005-2006 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Israel.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Israel.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Isiraheli]]</span> Betar Jérusalem | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>31 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(2) |- | class="data" |2006-2007 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Israel.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Israel.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Isiraheli]]</span> Maccabi Netanya | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>29 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2007-2008 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Israel.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Israel.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Isiraheli]]</span> Hapoël Tel-Aviv FC | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>29 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2008-2009 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Israel.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Israel.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Isiraheli]]</span> Bnei Sakhnin FC | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>13 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(1) |- | class="data" |2009 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Turkey.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Turkey.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Türkiye]]</span> Kocaelispor | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>13 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2009-2011 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Turkey.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Turkey.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Türkiye]]</span> İstanbul Büyükşehir | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>21 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2009-2011 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Cyprus.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Cyprus.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Kupuro]]</span> [[Lapta TBSK]] | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>11 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2012-2013 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Turkey.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Turkey.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Türkiye]]</span> Samsunspor | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>11 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2013-2015 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag of Malaya (1950–1963).svg|link=Fichier:Flag of Malaya (1950–1963).svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Malaya]]</span> [[Felda United FC]] | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>6 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2015 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> DCMP Imana | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>? <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(?) |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |ikipe nkuru |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | |- !umwaka !mu gihugu !ibindi |- | class="data" |<time datetime="2002" class="nowrap date-lien" data-sort-value="2002">2002</time>-<time datetime="2010" class="nowrap date-lien" data-sort-value="2010">2010</time> | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Congo_Kinshasa_1997.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Congo_Kinshasa_1997.svg|border|class=noviewer|20x20px]]</span> Congo | class="data" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center" |31&nbsp;(1) |} [[Dosiye:Mini football game.jpg|thumb|Umupira wamaguru]] [[Catégorie:Article utilisant une Infobox]] [[Catégorie:Pas d'image locale ni d'image sur Wikidata]] [[Catégorie:Utilisation du paramètre parcours pro dans le modèle infobox Footballeur]] '''Emmanuel Nsumbu Mazuwa''' (yavutse Ku ya 24 Nzeri 1982 i Kisangani ) ni umukinnyi ukina umupira [[Umupira w’amaguru|wamaguru]] ukomoka muri congo. Akina nk'umukinnyi wo hagati. Yitabiriye umupira w'amaguru mu gikombe cy'Afurika muri 2004 hamwe na DR Congo. yahizwemo mu ikipe y'igihugu inshuro 31 kuva 2002. == Ubuzima == == Ibihembo == * [[AS Vita Club]] ** Coupe du Congo : 2001 ** [[Dosiye:VClub 2013.jpg|thumb|Ikipe ya AS Vita Club]]Linafoot 2003 : 2003 * [[Hapoel Haifa|Hapoël Haïfa]] ** Liga Leumit : 2004 == Inyandiko == == amahuza yo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] cyrqgjm6l7bq09i4dl9zgui8rrr1kuo 0 16208 140037 113993 2026-09-24T13:28:38Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140037 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zola Matumona Pitshu''' (Yavutse Ku ya 26 Ugushyingo 1981 i [[Kinshasa]] ) ni umukinnyi ukina ari mpuzamahanga ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira]] w'amaguru ukomoka muri congo. Akina nk'umukinnyi wo hagati muri FC Renaissance. == Ubuzima == === Umwuga wa ikipe === [[Dosiye:Football training session.jpg|thumb|Umupira w'amaguru]] Yageze muri AS Vita Club Kinshasa (imwe mu ma kipe akomeye ya DR Congo) nyuma yo kumara igihe muri ikipe yo mu cyiciro cya kabiri Styles du Congo. Yahise aba umukunzi w'abashyigikiye ikipe y'icyatsi n'umukara bamwitaga "Icyumba" yerekeza ku mukino, ugereranije n'umukinnyi w'umudage, Karl-Heinz Rummenigge <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://congobiographie.com/biographie/sport/zola-matumona |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-04-09 |archive-date=2022-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928204902/https://congobiographie.com/biographie/sport/zola-matumona |url-status=dead }}</ref> . Yahamaze ibihembwe bitanu, yegukana igikombe cya shampiyo [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|wa congo]], ibikombe byinshi bya [[Kinshasa]], yitabira CAF Champions League ndetse na CAF Cup hamwe ni kipe ye. Yatsindiye kandi igihembo cy'umukinnyi mwiza muri Kongo inshuro nyinshi mbere yo kuva mu ikipe ye. Yageze muri FC Bruxelles muri 2007 amafaranga bya mayero 60 000  . [[Dosiye:Trophée de la Ligue des champions de la CAF.jpg|thumb|CAF Champions league]] Yahagaritse ku bushake amasezerano yagiranye niyi kipe nyuma y’amagambo y’ivangura yavuzwe na perezida waryo. Nk’uko uwunganira uyu mukinnyi yabitangaza, Johan Vermeersch yari yatutse Matumona amusobanurira ko "ntiyari akiri mu gihugu cye kandi yagombaga kwibagirwa ibiti n'i bitoki imbere y'abakozi n'a bandi bakinnyi. Uyu muyobozi yemeza ibyo yavuze ariko asobanura ko ari "urwenya". Uyu mukinnyi yaje gusubukura amasezerano ye amuhuza niyi kipe kugeza muri 2009 nyuma yikiganiro na perezida wasabye imbabazi kumugaragaro kubyo yavuze. == ikipe == {| class="wikitable alternance" style="text-align:center" !'''Umwaka''' ! '''ikipe''' ! '''Igihugu''' |- | 2001-2006 | AS Vita Club |Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo |- | 2006-2009 | FC Bruxelles |Ububiligi |- | 2009-2012 | RAEC Mons |Ububiligi |- | 2013-2014 | CD Primeiro de Agosto |Angola |- | 2014-2016 | Ikipe yumupira wamaguru ya Congo Renaissance |Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo | 2016- | Birmingham City |</img> Ubwongereza |} == Inyandiko == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] jxj0pqp6333czejhvz365kc5w4p4pm6 0 16245 140077 94640 2026-09-25T09:03:56Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140077 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Banuelia Mrashani-Katesigwa''' (yavutse ku ya 14 Ugushyingo 1977) ni umunya [[Tanzaniya]] kazi wiruka intera ndende. Yitabiriye marato y'abagore mu mikino Olempike yo muri 2004 . <ref>https://olympics.com/en/athletes/banuelia-mrashani</ref><ref>https://worldathletics.org/news/news/banuelia-mrashani-of-tanzania-wins-tokyo-inte</ref><ref>https://www.olympiandatabase.com/index.php?id=41418&L=1</ref><ref>https://www.worldmarathonmajors.com/content-hub/notes-for-boston-marathon-family-ties</ref><ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200211190585.html</ref><ref>https://www.lequipe.fr/Athletisme/championnats-du-monde/annee-2003/page-calendrier-resultats/marathon-femmes</ref><ref>https://www.lequipe.fr/Athletisme/championnats-du-monde/annee-2003/page-calendrier-resultats/marathon-femmes</ref><ref>https://www.lequipe.fr/Athletisme/championnats-du-monde/annee-2003/page-calendrier-resultats/marathon-femmes</ref><ref>https://www.alamy.com/national-stadium-tokyo-japan-24th-mar-2023-ayumu-seko-jpn-march-24-2023-footballsoccer-kirin-challenge-cup-2023-match-between-japan-uruguay-at-national-stadium-tokyo-japan-credit-aflo-sportalamy-live-news-image544146226.html</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Uwiruka muri Tanzaniya]] 3129lumdbtj740ld49kkdfzovexvoa6 0 16249 140157 94646 2026-09-25T09:27:18Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140157 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nataliya Elisante Sulle''' (yavutse ku ya 19 Nyakanga 1988) <ref name="senior_women_race_iaaf_world_cross_country_2019">{{Cite web |title=Senior women's race |url=https://media.aws.iaaf.org/competitiondocuments/pdf/6265/AT-XSE-W-f----.RS6.pdf?v=21598225 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627195835/https://media.aws.iaaf.org/competitiondocuments/pdf/6265/AT-XSE-W-f----.RS6.pdf?v=21598225 |archive-date=27 June 2020 |access-date=27 June 2020 |website=2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships}}</ref> ni umunya [[Tanzaniya]] wiruka intera ndende. Yitabiriye amarushanwa y'abagore bakuru mu marushanwa mpuzamahanga ya IAAF yo muri 2019 yabereye i Aarhus, muri [[Danimarike]]. <ref name="senior_women_race_iaaf_world_cross_country_2019" /> Yarangije ku mwanya wa 68. <ref name="senior_women_race_iaaf_world_cross_country_2019" /> Muri 2019, yaserukiye muri [[Tanzaniya]] mu mikino nyafurika yabereye i Rabat, muri [[Maroke]]. <ref name="athletics_women_half_marathon">{{Cite web |title=2019 African Games – Athletics – Women's Half Marathon – Final |url=https://www.jar2019.ma/resultats/eng/at/engat_athletics-results-women-s-half-marathon-1-01.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191001143458/https://www.jar2019.ma/resultats/eng/at/engat_athletics-results-women-s-half-marathon-1-01.htm |archive-date=1 October 2019 |access-date=1 October 2019 |website=2019 African Games}}</ref> Yarushanwe muri kimwe cya kabiri cya marato y'abagore arangiza ku mwanya wa 7 akoresheje amasaha 1:14:33. <ref name="athletics_women_half_marathon" /> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Uwiruka muri Tanzaniya]] j04kvkrxzan7rl9i9q4vgbog9tvkprv 0 16258 140087 118635 2026-09-25T09:05:06Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140087 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ana Isabel Elias''' (yavutse ku ya 17 Nzeri 1965) ni umukinnyi ukomoka muri Angola, akaba yiruka hagati. Yitabiriye metero 1500 mu [[Umugore|bagore]] mu mikino Olempike yo muri 1992 . <ref>https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/22403544/kidnapped-mother-pittsburgh-pirates-elias-diaz-rescued</ref><ref>https://www.mlb.com/news/pirates-elias-diaz-draws-strength-from-mother-c276555574</ref><ref name=":0">https://www.dailydemocrat.com/2006/05/22/congratulations-woodland-community-college-graduates/</ref><ref>https://worldathletics.org/athletes/angola/ana-isabel-elias-14555795</ref><ref>https://olympics.com/en/athletes/ana-isabel-elias</ref><ref>https://www.olympiandatabase.com/index.php?id=87809&L=1</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.jornaldeangola.ao/ao/noticias/detalhes.php?id=324298 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-04-11 |archive-date=2023-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411094115/https://www.jornaldeangola.ao/ao/noticias/detalhes.php?id=324298 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ni [[Angola|Umunyangola]] wahoze yiruka mu marushanwa yitabiriye imikino ya Olempike ya Moscou muri 1980 mu [[Uburusiya|burusiya]] no muri 1984 muri [[Amerika]]. Niwe washinze Kyomo.org itanga uburezi bw'ibanze, imyambaro n'ibiryo ku bana ba [[Tanzaniya]].  Ni umubyinnyi kandi akaba umunyamuryango wu buhanzi bwaba Olempike.<ref name=":0" /> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Angola]] gtlymuzfwcf895vnrs9fyueptqqfjsz 0 16285 140046 110312 2026-09-24T13:29:42Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140046 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Elvan Abeylegesse 2010 European Team Championships.jpg|thumb|Elvan Abeylegesse]] '''Elvan Abeylegesse''', (nanone yahoze ari '''Hewan Abeye''' na '''Elvan Can''' umunya[[Igiturukiya|Turukiya]] wavutse ku ya 11 Nzeri 1982) ni [[Etiyopiya|Umunyetiyopiya]] ukomoka muri [[Turukiya]] ukomoka mu gihugu cya Turukiya wo hagati kandi ufite intera ndende yiruka mu ntera kuva kuri metero 1500 kugeza kuri marato, kandi no mu irushanwa rya mbukiranya igihugu. Niwe wahoze afite agahigo ku isi- afite metero 5000, ku minota 14: 24.68. Muri Kanama 2015, Ishyirahamwe ry’imikino ngororamubiri muri [[Turukiya]] ryemeje ko ikizamini cyo kurwanya ibyo ngera imbaraga cyakozwe mu marushanwa y’isi ya 2007 yaberaga mu mikino ngororamubiri cyagarutsweho kandi ugasanga ari cyiza ku kintu cyagenzuwe, kandi ko uyu mukinnyi yahagaritswe by'agateganyo mu gihe hagitegerejwe ko bamusuzuma 'B' -Urugero '. Niba byemejwe, Abeylegesse yahagaritse gutakaza umudari we muri 2007, ndetse n'ibindi bihembo guhera kuri iyo tariki. <ref name="Elvan Abeylegesse tests positive">{{Cite web |date=13 August 2015 |title=Elvan Abeylegesse tests positive |url=http://www.taf.org.tr/elvan-abeylegesse-ilgili-kamuoyuna-duyuru/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150816011015/http://www.taf.org.tr/elvan-abeylegesse-ilgili-kamuoyuna-duyuru/ |archive-date=16 August 2015 |access-date=13 August 2015 |publisher=Turkish Athletics}}</ref> Ku ya 29 Werurwe 2017, IAAF yemeje ikizamini cyiza, ihagarika ibisubizo bye kuva ku ya 25 Kanama 2007 kugeza ku ya 25 Kanama 2009 (bityo imwambura imidari ibiri ya feza yari yatsindiye mu mikino Olempike yo muri 2008 ), imubuza imikino ngororamubiri imyaka ibiri. <ref name="IAAF March 2017 Newsletter">[https://www.iaaf.org/download/download?filename=a1f770c2-53e7-465c-900c-755d841adee1.pdf&urlslug=NEWS%20181%20-%20March%202017 IAAF March 2017 Newsletter]</ref> == Ubuzima bwambere nakazi == === Ibintu byingenzi byerekana umwuga === [[Dosiye:Osaka07 D2A Women 10000M VC.jpg|thumb]] Ku [[Etiyopiya|ya]] 3 Kamena 2006, igihe cye cyo kwandika yakubiswe n'[[Etiyopiya|umunyetiyopiya]] Meseret Defar, wirutse muri 14: 24.53 mu mujyi wa New York. Yirutse mu irushanwa rya mbere ry’isi 10K Bangalore muri 2008 arangiza ashyushye hamwe na Grace Momanyi, abasiganwa bombi amaherezo batangazwa ko batsinze. Yahawe igikombe cya Pierre de Coubertin mu mwaka wo muri 2010, igihembo ngarukamwaka gitangwa na komite mpuzamahanga yo gukina imurikagurisha. Yagurije inkweto zo kwiruka umunywanyi Meselech Melkamu mbere gato yuko itangira rya metero 10,000 ry'anyuma muri Shampiyona yisi yaberaga mu isiganwa 2009 . Melkamu amaze kwibagirwa kuzana inkweto ze kumurongo, yagiye gufata ifeza. [[Dosiye:Elvan Abeylegesse-Osaka 2007.jpg|thumb]] Abeylegesse yatsindiye irushanwa rya Ras Al Khaimah Half Marathon muri 2010 mu gihe cya 1:07:07. Iki nicyo gihe cyihuta cyane k'[[umugore]] mu marushanwa ya kimwe cya kabiri cya marato kandi amugira [[umugore]] wa gatandatu wihuta muri rusange. Yakinnye ibyifuzo byo guhindurwa burundu mu masiganwa maremare yo mu muhanda, ariko, avuga ko umukino wa mbere wa marato ugomba gutegereza kugeza nyuma yimikino Olempike izabera i Londres 2012 . == Marato == * Marato ya Istanbul : 2013, 2, 2:29:30 == Inyandiko z'isi == * Ku ya 11 Kamena 2004 Imikino ya Bergen Bislett (Shampiyona ya Zahabu), Bergen, [[Noruveje]] (m 5000)</img> Zahabu (14:24:68) '''WR''' == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa etiyopiya]] fdsol8gql5f13ad2v3kqmabdwt2q42x 0 16291 140144 98119 2026-09-25T09:11:46Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140144 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:20210108145308 IMG 0176-01-01 transcpr.jpg|thumb|Ishusho igaragaza umusozi wa Kulal.]] '''Umusozi wa Kulal''' ni [[Ikirunga|ikirunga cyazimye]] giherereye mu majyaruguru [[Kenya|ya Kenya]], mu burasirazuba bw'ikiyaga cya Turkana. Umusozi wa Kulal ufite uburebure bwa metero 2,285 . Umujyi wa Loiyangalani uri ku kiyaga giherereye muri kilometero 50 i burengerazuba bw'[[umusozi]] wa Kulal. Umusozi Kulal wabungabunzwe kuva mu mwaka wa 1978. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory |url=http://www.unesco.org/mabdb/br/brdir/directory/biores.asp?mode=all&code=KEN+02 |access-date=2016-11-02 |website=UNESCO.org}}</ref> Umusozi Kulal niho honyine habonetse Kulal yera-ijisho ( ''Zosterops kulalensis'' ). <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Mount Kulal (Endemic Bird Areas of the world) |url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/ebas/index.html?action=EbaHTMDetails.asp&sid=361&m=0 |access-date=2016-11-02 |website=Birdlife.org}}</ref> == Reba kandi == * Urutonde rwa Ultras yo muri Afrika == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Imisozi yo muri Kenya]] [[Ikiciro:Imisozi yo muri afurika]] 9glndpla0k6ilnm67mynseafmoq6rb3 0 16309 139993 94761 2026-09-24T13:23:20Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139993 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Werkwuha Getachew''' (yavutse 7 Ukuboza 1995) ni umukinnyi ukomoka muri [[Etiyopiya]] kabuhariwe mu kwiruka metero 3000 . Yatsindiye umudari wa feza muri ibyo birori mu marushanwa mpuzamahanga yo muri 2022 na zahabu muri Shampiyona ny'[[afurika]] muri 2022 . Getachew ni umunyetiyopiya ufite agahigo ko muri metero 800 na metero 3000. Kuva muri Nzeri 2022, yashyize ku mwanya wa kane mu birori bya nyuma ku rutonde rw'ibihe byose ku isi. Yari mu birori bye bidasanzwe muri 2022 shampyina ya Diamond League. Muri Kamena 2021 kuri Stade ya Fanny Blankers-Koen i Hengelo mu birori byo kugerageza imikino Olempike ya [[Etiyopiya]], Werkwuha Getachew yateje impungenge muri metero 800 z'[[Umugore|abagore]] ubwo yamanukaga ho amasaha 2: 00.20 PB ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi ku mwanya wa isaha 1: 56.67 maze ashyiraho amateka mashya y'[[igihugu]]. . <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 8, 2021 |title=World 10,000m record falls again, this time to Letesenbet Gidey |url=https://athleticsweekly.com/event-reports/world-10000m-record-falls-again-this-time-to-letesenbet-gidey-1039945666/}}</ref> Yabaye [[umugore]] wa mbere ku isi wacitse 1:57 muri 2021 kandi abona umwanya we mu mikino Olempike ya Tokiyo yatinze muri 2020 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 8, 2021 |title=2021 Ethiopian Olympic Trials: Gudaf Tsegay (14:13) & Getnet Wale (12:53) Among Six World-Leading Times as New Stars Emerge |url=https://www.letsrun.com/news/2021/06/2021-ethiopian-olympic-trials-wins-for-getnet-wale-selemon-barega-in-new-events-as-new-contenders-emerge-fast-times-abound/ |website=LetsRun.com}}</ref> N'ubwo yavuzwe mu nyandiko zemewe kandi yerekeza i Tokiyo, Getachew yakuweho umunsi wo gushyushya metero 800 z'abagore ntiyitabira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ostlere |first=Lawrence |date=2021-07-31 |title=Major threat for 800m gold pulled from start line over Ethiopian dispute |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/olympics/workua-getachew-800m-ethiopia-tokyo-2020-b1893732.html%3Famp |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> == Ibyagezweho == === Amarushanwa mpuzamahanga === {| {{AchievementTable|nation=ETH|Event=yes|Time=yes|NotesOff=yes}} |Umwaka |Amarushanwa |igihugu |Umwanya |Uburebure |Igihe |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |[[2022 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Port Louis]], Morise | bgcolor="gold" |1st |[[2022 African Championships in Athletics – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|3000 m st.]] |9:36.81 |- |[[2022 World Athletics Championships|World Championships]] |[[Eugene, Oregon|Eugene, OR]], amerika | bgcolor="silver" |2nd |[[2022 World Athletics Championships – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|3000 m st.]] |8:54.61 |} === Ibyiza byawe bwite === * Metero 800 - 1: 56.67 ( Hengelo 2021) NR * Metero 1500 - 4: 10.0h ( [[Addis Ababa|Addis Abeba]] 2021) ** Metero 3000 mu nzu - 8: 37.98 ( Karlsruhe 2023) * Metero 3000 kunyerera - 8: 54.61 ( Eugene, CYANGWA 2022) === Umuzunguruko utsindira imitwe, imitwe yigihugu === * Nyampinga wa Diamond metero 3000 stelechase: muri 2022 <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2022-09-08 |title=World Leaders by Ingebrigtsen & Korir Highlight 2022 Diamond League Final |url=https://www.letsrun.com/news/2022/09/world-leaders-by-ingebrigtsen-korir-highlight-2022-diamond-league-final/ |access-date=2022-09-08 |website=[[LetsRun.com]] |language=en}}</ref> ** 2022 (3000) ): Monaco Herculis, Zürich Weltklasse * Amarushanwa yimikino ngororamubiri ya Etiyopiya ** Metero 800 : 2021 ** Metero 3000 zihanamye : 2022 == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa etiyopiya]] 0kveitz6sa237cc4zsxdz5syd2jsz7v 0 16317 140211 94774 2026-09-25T11:56:21Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140211 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Getenesh Urge''' (yavutse 30 Kanama 1970) [[Etiyopiya|ni umunyetiyopiya]] wasezeye mu kwiruka hagati yirukaga hagati yarushanwe muri 1980 kugeza 2000. Yitabiriye metero 1500 mu bagore mu mikino Olempike yo muri 1992 . Yatsindiye imidari itatu ya bronze mu marushanwa atatu atandukanye ya Afurika muri isiganwa. Muri Annaba muri Shampiyona yo muri 1988 yatsindiye umudari w'umuringa muri metero 1500, asubiramo iyi mikorere nyuma y'imyaka itanu i Durban muri Shampiyona yo muri 1993 . Ibi nyuma ya Shampiyona yo muri 1992 yabereye muri [[Morise|Maurice]] aho yatsindiye umudari w'umuringa muri metero 3000 . Yatsindiye kandi umudari wa bronze i Cairo mu mikino yo muri Afurika yo muri 1991, yongera muri metero 1500. Yarangije cumi na gatatu muri metero 5000 muri Shampiyona yisi muri 1999 . Yabaye kandi mu m[[Ikipe|akipe]] atandatu yegukanye umudari mu marushanwa ya IAAF World Cross Country Championship yarangije ku mwanya wa 31 muri 1990 mu gutsindira ifeza y'amakipe, ku ya 28 muri 1992 mu gutwara umuringa w'amakipe, ku mwanya wa 14 muri 1994 gutsindira ifeza y'amakipe, 29 muri 1996 muri gutsindira ifeza y'ikipe, 21 muri 1998 mu gutwara feza y'ikipe na 17 muri 2000 mugutwara feza y'amakipe, byose muri bar 2000 mu mikino ndende. == Ibyiza byawe bwite == == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa etiyopiya]] 90w9lb2w6oiiwuq4mt9gen3wpuynzto 0 16328 140088 94795 2026-09-25T09:05:13Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140088 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Women's Marathon London 2012 006.jpg|thumb|Sultan Haydar]] '''Sultan Haydar''' (Yavutse ku ya 23 Gicurasi 1985 i Golerogi, muri [[Etiyopiya]]) ni Umunyetiyopiya wavukiye [[Turukiya|muri Turukiya]] [[Etiyopiya|wiruka]] intera ndende muri marato. ni umukinnyi muremure kuri 55 kg, hamwe nuburebure bwa metero 170,  umunyamuryango wa Enkaspor, aho atozwa na Nikola Borić. <ref name="gsb">{{Cite web |title=Sporcular/Atletizm-Sultan Haydar |url=http://www.gsb.gov.tr/londra2012/site/sporcular.asp?nameid=373 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005084548/http://www.gsb.gov.tr/londra2012/site/sporcular.asp?nameid=373# |archive-date=2013-10-05 |access-date=2012-05-25 |publisher=Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı-Türk Sporcular 2012 Londra Olimpiyatlarında |language=Turkish}}</ref> Yavukiye i '''Chaltu Girma Meshesha''' muri Etiyopiya, yatangiye umwuga we wo kwiruka intera yo hagati kandi yaboye umudari wa bronze muri metero 800 mu marushanwa y’imikino ngororamubiri muri Afurika yo muri 2005 . Yagaragaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga rwa nyuma muri Etiyopiya yaje mu marushanwa ya Afurika yo muri 2006 yaberaga mu mikino ngororamubiri, aho yerekanye impano yo gusiganwa ku magare kuko yaje ku mwanya wa gatandatu mu bagore kuri kilometero 20. <ref name="IAAFBio">[http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/biographies/letter=0/athcode=219321/index.html Haydar, Sultan]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2011-10-20.</ref> Yimuriye Turukiya muri 2008. Amarushanwa ya mbere ya Haydar muri Turukiya ni Shampiyona y’ibihugu by’i Burayi yo muri 2008 . Yatangiye isiganwa ry’abatarengeje imyaka 23 mu bagore, vuba ariko atanga umwanya wa mbere maze arekera aho bigeze. <ref>Wenig, Jorg (2008-12-14). [http://www.iaaf.org/WXC09/news/newsid=48724.html Hilda Kibet takes her first title – European XC Champs, WOMEN’s races]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2011-10-20.</ref> Yatsindiye umudari wa metero 1500 muri zahabu, mu marushanwa ya Athletisme yu Burayi yo muri 2009, nyuma atsindira isiganwa ry’abatarengeje imyaka 23 mu marushanwa y’ibihugu by’i Burayi yaberaga muri 2009 nyuma yu wo mwaka. Mu ntangiriro z'umwaka wa 2011 yatangiye bwa mbere muri kimwe cya kabiri cya marato maze yandika isaha 1:10:02 ku mwanya wa karindwi kuri Calibre ndende RAK Half Marathon. <ref>Hutchings, Tim (2011-02-18). [http://www.iaaf.org/LRR11/news/newsid=59327.html Keitany smashes Half Marathon World record in Ras Al Khaimah - UPDATED]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2011-10-20.</ref> Yirutse muri metero 1500 mu marushanwa y’imikino ngororamubiri yo mu Burayi muri 2010, ariko ananirwa kurangiza ubushyuhe bwe. Yerekeje kuri metero 3000 mu marushanwa y’imikino ngororamubiri yo mu Burayi ya muri 2011, aho yashyize ku mwanya wa mbere iminota 9: 03.50 kugira ngo atsinde ubushyuhe, ariko atinda ku mukino wa nyuma, aza ku mwanya wa cyenda. <ref name="IAAFBio">[http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/biographies/letter=0/athcode=219321/index.html Haydar, Sultan]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2011-10-20.</ref> Hanze, yarushanwe muri Turukiya kubutaka bw'iwabo muri Shampiyona ya mbere ya Shampiyona ya makipe yu Burayi muri 2011 kandi yatsindiye muri metero 3000 mu mwanya muremure wohanagura hamwe na Alemitu Bekele Degfa na Binnaz Uslu. Haydar yatsindiye kandi umuringa muri metero 1500. == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa etiyopiya]] mrdy9e30ncb7twzwl04jakhhcdoaysv 0 16336 140017 94815 2026-09-24T13:26:16Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140017 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Marjorie Clark 1928.jpg|thumb|Marjorie Clark]] '''Marjorie Rees Clark''' (yavutse ku ya 6 Ugushyingo 1909 &#x2013; 15 Kamena 1993) yari umukinnyi w’imikino ngororamubiri wo muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika yepfo]], witabiriye imikino Olempike yo muri 1928 ndetse no mu mikino Olempike yo muri 1932 . Yavukiye i Bulwer, KwaZulu-Natal <ref name="SR">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417175204/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/cl/marjorie-clark-1.html Profile at Sports Reference]</ref> kandi yarushanwe mu ikipe ya Albion Ladies Athletic Club. <ref name="SR" /> Mu 1928 Clark yarangije kumwanya wa gatanu mu birori byo gusimbuka hejuru mu mikino Olempike. Yitabiriye kandi amarushanwa ya metero zigera ku 100, ariko asezererwa muri kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza. Nyuma y'imyaka ine yegukanye umudari wa bronze mu marushanwa ya metero 80 yiruka mu mikino Olempike yo muri 1932. Mu isiganwa ryo hejuru ryo muri 1932 yongeye kurangiza ku mwanya wa gatanu no mu marushanwa ya metero zigera 100, ariko asezererwa mu cyiciro cya mbere. Muri 1928 Amarushanwa y'abategarugori batabigize umwuga, Association Miss Clark yatsindiye inzitizi 100 yds inzitizi & no gusimbuka hejuru. Mu mikino yo mu Bwongereza muri 1934 yegukanye umudari wa zahabu mu marushanwa ya metero 80 ndetse no mu birori byo gusimbuka. Nk'umunyamuryango w'ikipe ya relay ya [[Afrika yepfo]] yarangije umwanya wa kane mu marushanwa ya metero 110-220-110. Mu marushanwa ya metero 100 no mu birori bya metero ya 220 yakuweho mu cyiciro cya mbere. == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070321210857/http://www.databaseolympics.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=CLARKMAR01 Umwirondoro kuri base olempike] [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Afurika yepfo]] 9kmy2jjvv69ger4e8gij02d48mfjvvq 0 16362 140145 122280 2026-09-25T09:11:53Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140145 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dodi Lukebakio''', Yavutse Ku ya 24 Nzeri 1997 i Asse, [[Ububiligi|mu Bubiligi]],) ni umukinnyi ukina umupira w'amaguru ukina ari mpuzamahanga [[Ububiligi|w’umubiligi]] ukina nka winger i Hertha [[Berlin]]. Nyuma yo gutoranyirizwa muri ikipe ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] mu mukino wa gicuti muri 2016, amaherezo y'ahisemo muri [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]] umwaka ukurikira. == Ubuzima == [[Dosiye:Dodi_Lukebakio.jpg|left|thumb| Lukebakio hamwe na Anderlecht muri 2016 .]] Dodi Lukebakio yatangiye umwuga we muri Sporting Anderlecht. Kubera kubura umwanya wo gukina, yinjiye muri Toulouse FC ku nguzanyo mu mpeshyi yo muri 2016 <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 septembre 2016 |title=Dodi Lukebakio (Anderlecht) est prêté au TFC |url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Dodi-lukebakio-anderlecht-est-prete-au-tfc/723223 |website=lequipe.fr}}</ref> . Kuba adafite indangamuntu cyangwa uruhushya rwo gutura, ntashobora ariko gukina niyi kipe, yewe ndetse ni tsinda ry'abigenewe. Bigaragara ko atabonye indangamuntu y'Ububiligi kuko adashobora kwerekana ko yavukiye mu Bubiligi. Mu byukuri, nta cyemezo cy'amavuko afite. Kubura icyemezo cy'amavuko ntibibuza gukorera mu Burayi (ikibazo cya shampiyona w’uburayi Renato Sanches ), ariko kugira ngo abone uruhushya rwo gutura mu [[Ubufaransa|Bufaransa]], Lukebakio agomba kuba ari mpuzamahanga, haba mu ikipe ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] cyangwa mu ikipe y’Ububiligi. Umutoza wa Kongo, [[Florent Ibenge]], yemeye atazuyaje, muri Nzeri 2016, ariko federasiyo y’Ababiligi, na yo yasabye ko yamuhitamo, iramwanga muri iyi shampiyona. Nyuma yakinnye umukino wa gicuti kuri Ku ya 4 Ukwakira 2016 kurwanya na [[Kenya]], idafunga imiryango yo gutoranya Ababiligi. == Inyandiko == {{Reflist}} == amahuza yo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] mrt7azzvjei2j543nrirvjnxcxhcug2 0 16370 140217 121417 2026-09-25T11:57:02Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140217 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Lusadisu''' [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|ni umunyekongo]] wahoze akina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] wa bigize umwuga. Aheruka gukina nk'umukinnyi wo hagati muri AS Vita Club. Muri Gashyantare 2019, yagizwe umutoza mukuru wa AS Maniema Union <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 7, 2019 |title=Maniema Union: Guy Lusadisu nommé entraîneur principal |url=https://www.eventsrdc.com/maniema-union-guy-lusadisu-nomme-entraineur-principal/ |website=eventsrdc.com}}</ref> . == Umwuga == === Kugaragara mpuzamahanga === : ''Amanota n'ibisubizo urutonde rwa mbere DR DR.'' {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%;" !Oya. ! Itariki ! Ikibanza ! Murwanya ! Intego ! Igisubizo ! Irushanwa |- | 1. | Ku ya 6 Ugushyingo 2015 | Estádio 11 de Novembro, Luanda, [[Angola]] | Zambiya | align="center" | '''2''' –0 | align="center" | 3–0 | Nshuti |- | 2. | Ku ya 17 Mutarama 2016 | [[Stade Huye|Stade ya Huye]], [[Butare]], [[Rwanda|u Rwanda]] | Etiyopiya | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 3–0 | Shampiyona y’ibihugu bya Afurika 2016 |} === Umutoza === Muri 2017 yatangiye umwuga we nk'[[Umuhoza Emma Pascaline|umutoza]] wa AS PJSK [[ikipe]] ya bigenewe ya AS Vita Club ndetse yafashijwe na Francis Makenda wa musimbuye nyuma yo kuva muri iyi [[ikipe]] muri 2019 akajya gukina muri AS Maniema Union == Ibihembo == ; AS Vita Club '''Uwatsinze''' * Urutonde 1 2014-15 '''Finalist''' * CAF Champion League: 2014 ; TP Mazembe '''Uwatsinze''' * Linafoot (2): 2011, 2012 * CAF Champion League (2): 2009, 2010 * [[Dosiye:Trophée de la Ligue des champions de la CAF.jpg|thumb|Igikombe cya CAF Champions league]]CAF Super Cup (2): 2010, 2011 '''ku mukino wanyuma''' * Igikombe cyisi cya FIFA: 2010 == Reba == {{Reflist}} == amahuza yo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] ku4uv2nw5nro67qkvbkn0llb6w6ej61 0 16390 139994 118272 2026-09-24T13:23:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139994 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yeni Atito Ngbakoto''', (yavutse Ku ya 23 Mutarama 1992 à Croix) ni [[Ubufaransa|umufaransa]] ukina [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru ,]] ni umukinnyi mpuzamahanga ukomoka [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|muri congo]] kuri ubu ukinira Western Wanderers ya Western Sydney nku mukinnyi wo hagati utera. Yabaye mpuzamahanga hamwe na basore b'Abafaransa (afunzwe na munsi ya 17 na munsi ya 18 ). Ngbakoto akina cyane nku mukinnyi wo hagati utera, ariko arashobora gufasha nka rutahizamu. Azwiho umuvuduko nu buhanga. == Umwuga == === Muri ikipe === ==== amasomo mato ==== Yéni Ngbakoto yatangiye umwuga we umupira w'amaguru muri ikipe ya SC Clemenceau i Besançon. Yitwaye neza mu itsinda ry’urubyiruko rw’iyi kipe, aho bamubonye hanyuma akayoborwa na FC Metz, ariko na Tottenham, Chelsea na Barcelona <ref>{{Cite web |date={{date|6|2|2010|en football}} |title=The Premier League today/The Times Online |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/premier_league/article3803788.ece |access-date=2023-04-13 |archive-date=2011-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604182902/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/premier_league/article3803788.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> . Amaherezo yasinye amasezerano y'urubyiruko na FC Metz muri 2007. Bitewe nuko yitwaye n’urubyiruko rwo muri Metz, Yeni yahamagawe mu ikipe y’Ubufaransa y’abatarengeje imyaka muri 17 na Philippe Bergeroo. Ku ya 25 Kamena 2009 , yasinyanye amasezerano y'imyaka 5 yu mwuga na Garnets <ref>{{Cite web |date={{date|25|6|2009|en football}} |title=Yeni Ngbakoto signe pour 5 ans |url=http://www.espoirsdufootball.com/5848-fc-metz-yeni-n%E2%80%99gbakoto-signe-pour-5-ans.html |access-date=2023-04-13 |archive-date=2012-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220165511/http://www.espoirsdufootball.com/5848-fc-metz-yeni-n%E2%80%99gbakoto-signe-pour-5-ans.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> . ==== FC Metz ==== ===== Umukino wa mbere muri Ligue 2 ===== Yéni Ngbakoto yazamuwe mu ikipe ya mbere muri shampiyona yo muri 2009-10, ariko atangira shampiyona hamwe n’ikipe yikinira muri CFA 2, atsinda igitego ku ncuro ya mbere yakiniye iyi kipe yakinnye na CA Pontarlier, Ku ya 15 Kanama 2009 . Azakina amezi ane ari imbere mu ikipe yikinira, yongere atsinde muri mu kino na Thionville (intsinzi 1-0). Yahamagawe na Yvon Pouliquen ku mukino wi cyiciro cya 16 cya Coupe de la Ligue na Olempikee Lyonnais, Ku ya 13 Mutarama 2010 akaza gukina muri munota 83,  mu mwanya wa Julien Cardy (umukino batsinzwe 3-0) <ref>{{Cite web |date={{date|13|1|2010|en football}} |title=Metz cède sur la fin |url=http://www.fcmetz.com/match/report/cdl_2009-2010_olympique-lyonnais-3-0-fc-metz_13012010.html}}</ref> . Yagarutse mu ikipe yikinira shampiyona irangiye, arangiza shampiyona (CFA 2) atsinda ibitego 8 mu mikino 16, ikigega cyo muri FC Metz cyarangije kuba shampiyona n'amanota agera 107, umubare munini mu matsinda yose muri iyi shampiyona. [[Dosiye:Albert_Cartier.jpg|alt=Albert Cartier, entraîneur du club français de football FC Metz lors de la première journée de Ligue 1 saison 2013/2014 contre le Stade Lavallois au Stade Saint-Symphorien.|left|thumb| Ku buyobozi bwa Albert Cartier, Yeni Ngbakoto yimukiye mu itsinda rya Metz maze ava muri National yerekeza muri Ligue 1.]] == Icyubahiro cyawe == === FC Metz === * Igitambara cya zahabu (umukinnyi mwiza) wigihugu muri 2012-2013 * Yatoranijwe mu ikipe yigihugu muri 2012-2013 * UNFP Umukinnyi wigikombe cyukwezi : Ugushyingo 2015 muri Ligue 2 * Top Ligue 2 passer muri 2015-2016 hamwe na assist 11 * Yatoranijwe mu ikipe isanzwe ya Ligue 2 muri 2015-2016 <ref>{{Cite web |date={{date|9|5|2016|en football}} |title=Zlatan, Paris et les autres… |url=http://www.tropheesunfp.com/zlatan-paris-et-les-autres/ |access-date=2023-04-13 |archive-date=2016-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160523112905/http://www.tropheesunfp.com/zlatan-paris-et-les-autres/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Inyandiko == '''Ibipimo'''{{Reflist|group=n}}'''Reba'''{{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] 95acpc76ulwm09a09auvg5dp86gxsjc 0 16402 140120 121871 2026-09-25T09:08:58Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140120 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Galatasaray-Shabani Nonda2.JPG|thumb|Shabani Nonda]] '''Shabani Nonda ('''yavutse Ku ya 6 Werurwe 1977 i [[Bujumbura]] mu [[Uburundi|Burundi]] ), yahoze ari umukinnyi mpuzamahanga ukina [[umupira w'amaguru]] [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|muri congo]] wakinnye nka rutahizamu. == Ubuzima == === Ubwana, ubuhunzi n'intangiriro === Shabani Nonda yavukiye mu [[Uburundi|Burundi]] ku babyeyi ba Zayirwa, yagaragaye hakiri kare cyane kubera ubuziranenge bwe bwo gutsinda ibitego: afite imyaka cumi n'itanu, yamaze gukina n'abakuze maze yigaragaza nki nyenyeri y'ikipe ya mbere ya Atlético Olympic ikipe nto ya D2 i [[Bujumbura]]. Amatike make anyerera mu mufuka kugirango atezimbere ubuzima bwa buri munsi bwu muryango we. Ikipe nini yo mu mujyi irashaka ku musinyisha. Urubanza rukemurwa vuba, amasezerano yasinywe n'amafaranga yakusanyijwe. Ariko mu ntangiriro zuyu mwaka wo muri 1994, [[umurwa]] mukuru w’Uburundi hari kumena amaraso. Kimwe n'indi miryango myinshi, Nondas yagiye mu buhungiro. Se akomoka muri Zayire yahisemo kugarura umuryango we mu gihugu cye kavukire. Ariko Shabani, ufite imyaka 17, afata inzira yo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba hamwe na mukuru we muri [[Tanzaniya]], <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.soccers.fr/lofiversion/index.php/t76654.html |title=Biographie du joueur |access-date=2023-04-13 |archive-date=2009-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413201928/http://www.soccers.fr/lofiversion/index.php/t76654.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> . Nyuma yo kugenda mu mihanda y'umurwa mukuru wa Tanzaniya no kwitegereza imyitozo ya D1, Nonda yimenyekanisha ku bayobozi b'Abasore b'Abanyafurika <ref>[http://www.stade-rennais-online.com/Shabani-Nonda,1948.html]</ref>, ba shampiyona. Byabanjirijwe n'izina rikomeye nk'umukinnyi watsinze ibitego, bigurishwa n'abari mu buhungiro, kandi byasabwe n'inshuti ze, babyumvikanyweho vuba. Mu buhungiro bwe muri [[Tanzaniya]], yakiniye Young africans kandi atwara igikombe cya Kagame Inter-Club muri shampiyona ya mbere. Muri 1994, yatwaye igikombe cye cya kabiri, Igikombe cya Tanzaniya maze ahitamo guhindura amakipe mu mpera zo muri 1994. Yiyandikishije rero muri shampiyona ya 1995 hamwe na Vaal Professionals, ikipe yo muri Afrika yepfo imaze kumubura. Amahirwe amara amezi icumi, igihe cyo kwambikwa ikamba rya shampiyona nuwatsinze ibitego byinshi hanyuma atsinda ibitego bine mu majonjora yo gushaka itike yo gukina igikombe cya Afurika na Vaal Professionals. (2-2 na 2-1). Amezi atatu nyuma yiki gikorwa, yageze muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afrika yepfo]], muri aba Vaal Professionals. Amaherezo ahinduka umunyamwuga. Nubwo kwishyira hamwe byari bigoye, yatsinze ibitego cumi na bibiri mu mezi atandatu y'ambere. Umukozi wo muri [[Arijantine]] wasuye yamuhaye urugendo mu Burayi <ref name="onze" /> . === Ubuvumbuzi bw'Uburayi hamwe na Zurich na Rennes (1995-2000) === [[Dosiye:Galatasaray-Shabani_Nonda.JPG|thumb| Shabani Nonda muri Galatasaray muri 2009]] == Inyandiko == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] exgdtaihyf1ysy6pn3vp6map4uo3ozj 0 16484 140185 95035 2026-09-25T09:46:14Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140185 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Footballeur|nom=Gabriel Abdala Zakwani|image=Gabriel Zakuani.jpg|taille image=200|légende=|nom de naissance=|nationalité={{COD-d}} [[République démocratique du Congo]] (''origine'')<br />{{ENG-d}} [[Angleterre]] (''naturalisé'')|date de naissance={{date|31|5|1986|en football|âge=oui}}|lieu de naissance=[[Kinshasa]] ([[République démocratique du Congo]])|date de décès=|lieu de décès=|taille={{Taille|m=1.86}}<ref>{{Footballdatabase|17203}}</ref>|club actuel={{ENG-d}} [[Dagenham and Redbridge Football Club|Dagenham and Redbridge]]|numéro en club=|position=[[Défenseur (football)|Défenseur central]]|parcours junior={{deux colonnes |[[2000 en football|2000]]-[[2002 en football|2002]]|{{ENG-d}} [[Leyton Orient Football Club|Leyton Orient]] }}|parcours pro={{Trois colonnes |[[2002 en football|2002]]-[[2006 en football|2006]]|{{ENG-d}} [[Leyton Orient Football Club|Leyton Orient]]| {{0}}98 {{0}}(3) |[[2006 en football|2006]]-[[2009 en football|2009]]|{{ENG-d}} [[Fulham Football Club|Fulham]]| {{0}}{{0}}2 {{0}}(0) |[[2007 en football|2007]]|{{Prêt}} {{ENG-d}} [[Stoke City Football Club|Stoke City]]| {{0}}{{0}}9 {{0}}(0) |[[2007 en football|2007]]-[[2008 en football|2008]]|{{Prêt}} {{ENG-d}} [[Stoke City Football Club|Stoke City]]| {{0}}20 {{0}}(0) |[[2008 en football|2008]]-[[2009 en football|2009]]|{{Prêt}} {{ENG-d}} [[Peterborough United Football Club|Peterborough United]]| {{0}}37 {{0}}(1) |[[2009 en football|2009]]-[[2014]]|{{ENG-d}} [[Peterborough United Football Club|Peterborough United]]| 165 {{0}}(5) |[[2014 en football|2014]] | {{GRE-d}} [[AEL Kallonis]]| {{0}}14 {{0}}(0) |[[2014 en football|2014]]-[[2016 en football|2016]] | {{ENG-d}} [[Peterborough United Football Club|Peterborough United]]| {{0}}50 {{0}}(4) |[[2016 en football|2016]]-[[2017]] | {{ENG-d}} [[Northampton Town Football Club|Northampton Town]]| {{0}}25 {{0}}(2) |[[2017 en football|2017]]-[[2018]] | {{ENG-d}} [[Gillingham Football Club|Gillingham]]| {{0}}42 {{0}}(0) }}|sélection nationale={{Trois colonnes |[[2005 en football|2005]]-|{{COD-d}} [[Équipe de République démocratique du Congo de football|République démocratique du Congo]]| {{0}}23 {{0}}(0) }}|date de mise à jour=27 mai 2018}} {| class="infobox_v2 noarchive" | colspan="3" class="entete footballblack" style="background-color:#99cc99;color:#000000;" |Gabriel Abdala Zakwani |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;" |[[Dosiye:Gabriel_Zakuani.jpg|link=Fichier:Gabriel_Zakuani.jpg|alt=Image illustrative de l’article Gabriel Zakuani|459x459px]] |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |ubuzima |- ! scope="row" |ikipe | colspan="2" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Dagenham and Redbridge |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |ibimuranga |- ! scope="row" |Ubwenegihugu | colspan="2" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|kongo]] <br /><br /><span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> ubwongereza yahawe |- ! scope="row" |Amavuko | colspan="2" |<time datetime="1986-05-31" class="nowrap date-lien" data-sort-value="1986-05-31">31 gicurasi 1986</time> <span class="noprint">(36)</span> <br /><br />[[Kinshasa]] ( [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|kongo]]) |- ! scope="row" |uburebure | colspan="2" |1,86<ref><span class="ouvrage">[https://www.footballdatabase.eu/fr/joueur/details/17203 « <cite style="font-style:normal;">Fiche de Gabriel Zakuani</cite> »], sur <span class="italique">[http://www.footballdatabase.eu/ footballdatabase.eu]</span></span></ref> |- ! scope="row" |umwanya | colspan="2" |myugariro |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |i ngimbo |- | style="font-weight: normal;" |'''umwak''' | colspan=" 2 " |'''ikipe''' |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | |- | class="data" |2000-2002 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Leyton Orient |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |u mwuga |- |'''umwak''' |'''ikipe''' |ib |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;color:#3;" | |- | class="data" |2002-2006 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Leyton Orient | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>98 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(3) |- | class="data" |2006-2009 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Fulham | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">00</s>2 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2007 | class="data" |<span style="cursor:help;" title="Prêté à">→</span> <span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Stoke City | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">00</s>9 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2007-2008 | class="data" |<span style="cursor:help;" title="Prêté à">→</span> <span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Stoke City | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>20 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2008-2009 | class="data" |<span style="cursor:help;" title="Prêté à">→</span> <span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Peterborough United | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>37 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(1) |- | class="data" |2009-2014 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Peterborough United | class="data" |165 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(5) |- | class="data" |2014 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_Greece.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_Greece.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubugereki]]</span> AEL Kallonis | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>14 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- | class="data" |2014-2016 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Peterborough United | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>50 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(4) |- | class="data" |2016-2017 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Northampton Town | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>25 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(2) |- | class="data" |2017-2018 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_England.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_England.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubwongereza]]</span> Gillingham | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>42 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |mu gihugu |- |umwaka |'''ikipe''' |ib |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;color:#3;" | |- | class="data" |2005- | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]</span> kongo | class="data" |<s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>23 <s style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</s>(0) |} [[Catégorie:Article utilisant une Infobox]] [[Catégorie:Image locale correspondant à celle de Wikidata]] [[Catégorie:Utilisation du paramètre parcours pro dans le modèle infobox Footballeur]] '''Gabriel Abdala Zakuani''', (Yavutse Ku ya 31 Gicurasi 1986 i [[Kinshasa]]) ni umukinnyi ukina umupira w'amaguru ukomoka muri [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|congo]]. Akina nka myugariro i Gillingham. Murumuna we, Steve Zakuani, nawe ni umupira wamaguru. == Umwuga wa ikipe == === Leyton Iburasirazuba === Yavukiye i [[Kinshasa]], Gabriel n'umuryango we bimukiye mu Bwongereza afite imyaka icyenda. aho, baza gutura mu nkengero z'umujyi wa London. Yamenyekanye mu kipe ya Leyton Orient Football Club nyuma y'ibihe bibiri akiri muto, yatangiye bwa mbere afite imyaka 16 gusa muri shampiyona yakinnye na Bury muri Gicurasi 2003. Mu bihe byo muri 2004-2005 na 2005-2006, yabaye intangiriro idasanzwe. === Fulham === Nyuma y'ibihe byiza, Gabriel yasinyiye muri Fulham muri kamena 2006. Mu myaka itatu, ntabwo yigeze akoreshwa muri shampiyona nyuma y'imvune yo mu ivi kandi akina imikino y'igikombe gusa. Ari mu ntizanyo muri Stoke City kugirango abone uburambe. === Umujyi wa Stoke === * '''DR Congo''' ** Igikombe cya Afurika: *** Icya gatatu 2015 . == reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] a6iowni4mjug9hydvohnpk8iw9of0z2 0 16715 140186 119385 2026-09-25T09:46:21Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140186 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Inge Zaamwani-Kamwi''' (yavutse ku ya 11 Ugushyingo 1958 i Grootfontein, mu karere ka Otjozondjupa ) ni rwiyemezamirimo ukomoka mu gihugu cya [[Namibiya]] akaba ari n'umujyanama wa perezida. <ref name="covid">{{Cite web |title=Namibia's presidential advisor tests positive for COVID-19 - Xinhua &#124; English.news.cn |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-08/14/c_139291120.htm |access-date=2023-06-05 |archive-date=2021-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413184209/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-08/14/c_139291120.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yahoze ari umuyobozi mukuru w'umushinga [[Namdeb]], ukaba wari umushinga uhuriweho w'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro hagati ya guverinoma ya [[Namibiya|Namibia]] na sosiyete yitwa De Beers, kuva yahabwa izo nshingano mu mwaka wa 1999. Mbere yizo nshingano muri uwo mushinga wa Namdeb, Zaamwani yari umuyobozi muri Minisiteri y’amabuye y’agaciro n’ingufu yo muri [[Namibiya]] kuva mu mwaka wa 1995 kugeza mu mwaka wa1998. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110611181022/http://www.nid.org.na/view_book_entry.php?book_id=187 Inge Zaamwani] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611181022/http://www.nid.org.na/view_book_entry.php?book_id=187|date=11 June 2011}} at the Namibia Institute for Democracy</ref> Icyakora, yahagaritse izo nshingano muri Mata 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Namdeb CEO Inge Zaamwani-Kamwi to Step Down |url=http://www.idexonline.com/FullArticle?Id=40868 |access-date=2018-07-23 |website=www.idexonline.com}}</ref> == Uburezi == Zaamwani yize mu kigo cy’umuryango w’abibumbye gishinzwe Namibia (UNIN) giherereye muri [[Zambiya]] kuva mu mwaka wa 1977 kug1za mu mwaka wa 981, ubwo yarangizaga impamyabumenyi mu ''masomo y’iterambere''. Yabonye kandi amahugurwa y’abayobozi yahawe na INSEAD, mu[[Ubufaransa|Bufaransa]], muri kaminuza ya Cape Town hamwe na Ishuri ry’Ubucuruzi rya Harvard (ku bufatanye na kaminuza ya Witwatersrand). Zaamwani ni umunyamategeko wiguye mu mategeko y'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, amaze kubona Impamyabumenyi y'amategeko y'Icyubahiro muri ''kaminuza ya Thames Valley'' iherereye i Londres, ndetse n'impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya kabiri mu mategeko (LLM) yakuye muri kaminuza ya Dundee, mu gihugu cya Scotland.  == Umwuga == Zaamwani yatangiye umwuga we mu mwaka wa 1984 nk'umuyobozi ushinzwe umushinga w'inama y'abagore ya SWAPO i [[Lusaka]], muri [[Zambiya]]. Afite ashishikajwe na Air Namibia hamwe na Banki nkuru yigihugu ya Namibia. Zaamwani-Kamwi ubu akora nk'umuyobozi mukuru wa Namdeb muri sosiyete ya De Beers Anonyme. Kugeza muri Kamena 2008, yari afite inshingano zo kuba Perezida w'Urugaga rw'Ubucuruzi n'inganda rwo mu gihugu cya Namibiya. Yabaye Umuyobozi wigenga utari umuyobozi nshingwabikorwa mur muryango witwa FNB Namibia Holdings Limited guhera muri Mutarama 2000. Yari afite inshingano zo kuba umuyobozi ushinzwe umutungo muri (Namibia) (Proprietary) Ltd. Zaamwani-Kamwi yabaye Umuyobozi wa Extract Resources Ltd kuva ku ya 3 Mata 2009. Akora nk'umuyobozi wa Banki nkuru yigihugu ya Namibiya, Namdeb Property (Pty) Ltd, NamGem Diamond Manufacturing (Pty) Ltd, Diamond Board Namibia, Fishcor na Seaflower Lobster, NOSA Namibia, Zantang Investments (Pty) Ltd. na NABCOA, Ikigega cya XNET. Akora kandi nk'umwe mu bagize Inama y’amasosiyete akomeye ya Namibiya, n'ibigo hamwe n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta. Akora kandi nk'umuyobozi w'Inama Njyanama ya UNAM, Umuryango wita ku mutungo Kamere wo muri Namibiya, Ikigo cya Namibiya gishinzwe ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'ikoranabuhanga, Inama y'Urugaga rw'amabuye y'agaciro, Junior Achievement Namibia, Ikigo cy'imyuga n'amahugurwa, Urugaga rw'ubucuruzi n'inganda rwa Namibiya. Ni Umunyamuryango w’umuryango w'icyubahiro wa Lincolns Inn, London kandi ni umwe mu bagize ikigo gishinzwe ubuyobozi n’indangagaciro rusange z’ishuri ry’ubucuruzi rya UCT.  Ku ya 14 Kanama 2020, Zaamwani-Kamwi yaje kwipimisha asanga yaranduye icyorezo cya COVID-19. <ref name="covid"/> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umuntu]] [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi mukuru]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyamategeko]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyapolitike]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyafrica]] a5d6lxa6ghh4wu7tziwhl3kxjs52hpz 0 16735 140188 123796 2026-09-25T09:46:35Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140188 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:2013 10 23 Economy Barclays Remittance Money Transfer 013 (10470844736).jpg|thumb|amashiringi yo muburasirazuba bwa africa]] '''Amashiringi yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba''' yari mu ishami rya konti mu turere twagenzuwe n'Ubwongereza muri [[Imiterere ya Afurika y'Iburasirazuba n'ibidukikije byaho|Afurika y'Iburasirazuba]] kuva muri 1921 kugeza muri 1969. Yatanzwe n'Inama ishinzwe ifaranga rya Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Niryo zina ryateganijwe ku mafaranga asanzwe [[Umuryango w’Ibihugu by’Iburasirazuba bw’Afurika|Umuryango wiburasirazuba bwa Afrika]] uteganya ahari imbere kumenyekanisha. Amashiringi yagabanijwemo ''amafaranga'' 100, naho amashiringi makumyabiri yari mu ipawundi 1. [[Dosiye:East_African_Shilling_Map.png|right|thumb|300x300px| Shilingi ya kera ya Afrika yuburasirazuba (ibumoso), I Shilingi nyafurika yuburasirazuba ryubu (iburyo)]] == Amateka == === Amashiringi ya mbere yo muri Afrika y'iburasirazuba === Bitandukanye n'ahandi mu mutungo w'Ingoma y'[[Ubwongereza]] yakoreshaga na siterilingi, muri Afurika y'Uburasirazuba bw'Ubwongereza, i shilingi aho kuba I pawundi cyari igice cy'ibanze cya konti, hamwe na pawundi yari ahanini yakoreshwaga mu kwandika amafaranga menshi cyane ntibyaba byoroshye iyo byavuzwe gusa muri shilingi. Iyi miterere idasanzwe yavutse kubera ko ifaranga rya mbere ryakoreshejwe n’abategetsi b’abakoloni b’Ubwongereza muri Afurika y’iburasirazuba bw’Ubwongereza ryari amafaranga, ntabwo ari siterilingi. Amashiringi yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba yamenyekanye muri [[Kenya]], [[Tanzaniya]], na [[Ubugande|Uganda]] muri 1921, asimbuza folorine yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba igihe gito ku gipimo cya shilingi 2 na folorine 1. Folorine yari yazanywe kubera izamuka ry’ibiciro bya feza nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose. Muri kiriya gihe, amafaranga yu [[Ubuhinde|Buhinde]] yari ifaranga ry’ibihugu by’Ubwongereza by’Uburasirazuba. Ifaranga, kubera ko ari igiceri cya feza, ryazamutse mu gaciro kirwanya siterilingi. Iyo igeze ku gaciro ka shilingi ebyiri, abayobozi bahisemo kuyisimbuza folorine. Kuva muri folorine niho havuye shilingi yo muri Afrika yuburasirazuba. Ifaranga ryagumye gushirwa kuri siterlingi imwe kandi ryagabanijwemo amafaranga 100. muri 1936, Zanzibar yinjiye mu nama y’ifaranga, maze ifaranga rya Zanzibari risimburwa ku gipimo cya 1 kugeza kuri 1 Zanzibari. <ref name="tmms_tanzania" /> Yasimbuwe n’ifaranga ryaho ( shilingi yo muri Kenya, shilingi ya Uganda, na shiringi ya Tanzaniya ) nyuma yubwigenge bwintara. <ref name="tmms_kenya" /> <ref name="tmms_tanzania" /> <ref name="tmms_uganda" /> Muri 1951, shilingi yo muri Afrika y'iburasirazuba yasimbuye amafaranga yu Buhinde muri koloni ya Adeni na protekate, ihinduka na Federasiyo y’abarabu yepfo muri 1963. Muri 1965, Ikigo cy’ifaranga ry’Afurika y’iburasirazuba cyarasenyutse, maze dinari y’Abarabu yepfo isimbuza shilingi muri Federasiyo y’Abarabu yepfo ku gipimo cya 20 kugeza kuri dinari 1. === Amashiringi ya kabiri yo muri Afrika yuburasirazuba === Impapuro zasubukuwe n’ifaranga ryasabwe [[Umuryango w’Ibihugu by’Iburasirazuba bw’Afurika|n’umuryango w’Afurika y’iburasirazuba]], ugizwe na [[Kenya]], [[Tanzaniya]], [[Ubugande|Uganda]], [[Rwanda]], [[Uburundi|Burundi]], [[Sudani y’Amajyepfo|Sudani yepfo]], na [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]. Byari byavuzwe ko shilingi ya kabiri yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba izashyirwa ahagaragara mu mwaka wa 2012, ariko intego ntiyagerwaho. Itariki ya kabiri yagenewe umwaka wo muri 2015 yashyizweho, ariko nayo ntiyujujwe. Itariki ya gatatu igenewe ni muri 2024. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=878–902}}</ref> == Ibiceri == === Yatanzwe ku ngoma ya George V. === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" ! colspan="9" |Yatanzwe ku ngoma ya George V. |- ! rowspan="2" | Ishusho ! rowspan="2" | Agaciro ! rowspan="2" | Inomero ya Cataloge ! colspan="2" | Ibipimo bya tekiniki ! colspan="2" | Ibisobanuro ! rowspan="2" | Amatariki ! rowspan="2" | Ijambo |- ! Misa ! Ibigize ! Kurwanya ! Subiza inyuma |- | align="center" | [http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coin.php?image=img13/57-22] | 1 ku ijana | KM 22 | | rowspan="3" | Umuringa | rowspan="3" | "GEORGIVS V", "REX ET IND: IMP:", ikamba, agaciro | rowspan="3" | " AFRIKA y'iburasirazuba ", agaciro, itariki | 1922-1935 | rowspan="3" | umwobo wo hagati |- | align="center" | | Amafaranga 5 | KM 18 | | rowspan="2" | 1921-1936 |- | align="center" | | Amafaranga 10 | KM 19 | |- | align="center" | [http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coin.php?image=nmc2/57-20] | Amafaranga 50<br /><br /><br /><br /> |} === Yatanzwe ku ngoma ya Edward VIII === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" ! colspan="9" |Yatanzwe ku ngoma ya Edward VIII |- ! rowspan="2" | Ishusho ! rowspan="2" | Agaciro ! rowspan="2" | Inomero ya Cataloge ! rowspan="2" | Ibigize ! colspan="2" | Ibisobanuro ! rowspan="2" | Amatariki ! rowspan="2" | Ijambo |- ! Kurwanya ! Subiza inyuma |- | align="center" | [http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coin.php?image=img/57-23] | Amafaranga 5 | KM 23 | rowspan="2" | Umuringa | rowspan="2" | "EDWARDVS VIII", "REX ET IND: IMP:", ikamba, agaciro | rowspan="2" | Afurika y'iburasirazuba", agaciro, itariki | rowspan="2" | 1936 | rowspan="2" | Umwobo wo hagati |- | align="center" | | Amafaranga 10 | KM 24 |} === Yatanzwe ku ngoma ya George VI === ==== Nka JORIJI VI ==== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" ! colspan="9" |Yatanzwe ku ngoma ya George VI nka JORIJI VI |- ! rowspan="2" | Ishusho ! rowspan="2" | Agaciro ! rowspan="2" | Inomero ya Cataloge ! colspan="2" | Ibipimo bya tekiniki ! colspan="2" | Ibisobanuro ! rowspan="2" | Amatariki ! rowspan="2" | Ijambo |- ! Misa ! Ibigize ! Kurwanya ! Subiza inyuma |- | align="center" | | 1 ku ijana | KM 29 | rowspan="7" | | rowspan="7" | Umuringa | rowspan="7" | "JORIJI VI", "REX ET IND: IMP:", ikamba, agaciro | rowspan="7" | " Afurika y'iburasirazuba", agaciro, itariki | 1942 | umwobo wo hagati |- | align="center" | | rowspan="4" | Amafaranga 5 | KM 25 | 1936 | umwobo wo hagati |- | align="center" | | KM 25.1 | 1937-1941 | umwobo wo hagati, flan |- | align="center" | [http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coin.php?image=img10/57-25_2] | KM 25.2 | 1941-1943 | umwobo wo hagati, flan yoroheje |- | align="center" | | KM 25.3 | 1942 | NTA mwobo wo hagati, flan yoroheje |- | align="center" | | rowspan="2" | Amafaranga 10 | KM 26.1 | 1937-1941 | bimwe bifite umwobo wo hagati, bimwe bidafite, flan yuzuye |- | align="center" | | KM 26.2 | 1942-1945 | umwobo wo hagati, flan yoroheje |- | align="center" | | Amafaranga 50<br /><br /><br /><br /> |} ==== Nka GEORGIVS SEXTVS ==== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" ! colspan="9" |Yatanzwe ku ngoma ya George VI nka GEORGIVS SEXTVS |- ! rowspan="2" | Ishusho ! rowspan="2" | Agaciro ! rowspan="2" | Inomero ya Cataloge ! rowspan="2" | Ibigize ! colspan="2" | Ibisobanuro ! rowspan="2" | Amatariki ! rowspan="2" | Ijambo |- ! Kurwanya ! Subiza inyuma |- | align="center" | [http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coin.php?=img10/57-32] | 1 ku ijana | KM 32 | rowspan="3" | Umuringa | rowspan="3" | "GEORGIVS SEXTVS REX", ikamba, agaciro | rowspan="3" | " Afurika y'iburasirazuba", agaciro, itariki | 1949-1952 | rowspan="3" | umwobo wo hagati |- | align="center" | [http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coin.php?image=img10/57-33] | Amafaranga 5 | KM 33 | 1949-1952 |- | align="center" | | Amafaranga 10 | KM 34 | 1949-1952 |- | align="center" | [https://web.archive.org/web/20110926210905/http://www.zanzinet.org/zanzibar/images/003coin_scaled.jpg] | Amafaranga 50<br /><br /><br /><br /> |} === Yatanzwe ku ngoma ya Elizabeti wa II === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" ! colspan="9" |Yatanzwe ku ngoma ya Elizabeti wa II |- ! rowspan="2" | Ishusho ! rowspan="2" | Agaciro ! rowspan="2" | Inomero ya Cataloge ! rowspan="2" | Ibigize ! colspan="2" | Ibisobanuro ! rowspan="2" | Amatariki ! rowspan="2" | Ijambo |- ! Kurwanya ! Subiza inyuma |- | align="center" | [http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coin.php?image=img/57-35] | 1 ku ijana | KM 35 | rowspan="3" | Umuringa | rowspan="3" | "QUEEN ELIZABETH WA KABIRI", ikamba, agaciro | rowspan="3" | "Afurika y'iburasirazuba", agaciro, | 1954-1962 | rowspan="3" | umwobo wo hagati |- | align="center" | [http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coin.php?image=img11/57-37] | Amafaranga 5 | KM 37 | 1955-1963 |- | align="center" | | Amafaranga 10 | KM 38 | 1956-1964 |- | align="center" | [https://web.archive.org/web/20110926210920/http://www.zanzinet.org/zanzibar/images/EA_50cents_1961_scaled.jpg] | Amafaranga 50<br /><br /><br /><br /> |} === Yatanzwe nyuma y'ubwigenge === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" ! colspan="9" |Yatanzwe nyuma y'ubwigenge |- ! rowspan="2" | Ishusho ! rowspan="2" | Agaciro ! rowspan="2" | Inomero ya Cataloge ! rowspan="2" | Ibigize ! colspan="2" | Ibisobanuro ! rowspan="2" | Amatariki ! rowspan="2" | Ijambo |- ! Kurwanya ! Subiza inyuma |- | align="center" | [http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coin.php?image=img10/57-39] | Amafaranga 5 | KM 39 | rowspan="2" | Umuringa | "SENTI TANO", 5, "AMAFARANGA GATANU", "AFRIKA EAST" | "Afurika y'iburasirazuba, 5, | 1964 | rowspan="2" | umwobo wo hagati |- | align="center" | [https://web.archive.org/web/20230606093729/http://www.coinpage.com/coin-image-316.html] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230606093729/http://www.coinpage.com/coin-image-317.html] | Amafaranga 10 | KM 40 | "SENTI KUMI", 10, "AMAFARANGA CUMI", "AFRIKA y'iburasirazuba" | "Afurika y'iburasirazuba ", "10" | 1964 |}   == Inoti == Muri 1921, inoti zatanzwe n’ikigo cy’ifaranga ry’Afurika y'Iburasirazuba mu migeci cya 5 , 10 , 20 , 100 , 200 , 1,000 na 10,000, hamwe n'inoti za shilingi za 20 na hejuru kandi ifite amadini agaragara muri pawundi (1, 5, 10, 50 na 500). Muri 1943, hasohotse inoti 1 , inshuro imwe gusa izo nyandiko zakozwe. 1,000 inoti zatanzwe gusa kugeza muri 1933, hamwe 10,000 inoti iheruka gutangwa muri 1947. Asigaye yatanzwe kugeza muri 1964. Amashilingi yanditswe ku inoti mu [[Icyongereza|Cyongereza]], [[Icyarabu]], na Gujarati, mu gihe indangagaciro za pawundi zanditswe mu Cyongereza gusa. == Ikarita == == Reba kandi == == Reba == {{Reflist}}  : Iheruka gusohoka 10,000 / = inoti yanditswe ku ya 1 Kanama 1951 ariko inoti nkuru yakoreshejwe mugusiba imbere mu myaka myinshi nyuma yo muri 1951. == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140705202327/http://www.eac.int/ Umuryango w'Afurika y'Iburasirazuba] * [http://rodsell.com/enotes/eastafrica.htm Amashusho yinoti zo muri Afrika yuburasirazuba] [[Ikiciro:Amafaranga]] 2v686flyczl8jrmbmshfp3k09pl5sf9 0 16816 140018 95887 2026-09-24T13:26:24Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140018 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Leopold Albu''' (1860–1937) yakoraga ubucuruzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro ya zahabu. Yavukiye i [[Berlin]], muri Prussia. Yageze muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]] mu 1875, atura i Kimberley, mu majyaruguru ya Cape hamwe na murumuna we George. Mu 1891, yimukiye i Johannesburg. Nyuma, yabaye umuturage n'umufatanyabikorwa i Londres, ashinga ikigo rusange gishinzwe ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n’imari. == Amashakiro == * ''[[Ensiklopedie van Suidelike Afrika]]'', Eric Rosenthal, 1967<bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJones,_J._D._F.1995">[[Special:BookSources/1868420299|1868420299]]</cite></bdi> 9qgmiim0n7d37kbyz8tduewr6s0c4lq 0 16826 140229 95898 2026-09-25T11:58:22Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140229 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alhaji Lamrana Bah''' yari umucuruzi ukomeye mu gihugu cya [[Siyera Lewone]] akaya yarakomokaga mu bwoko bwa Fula akaba n'umwe mu bantu bakize cyane muri icyo gihugu. Yari afite amaduka menshi yo muri Freetown no mu bindi bice byinshi bya Siyera Lewone. == Urupfu rwe == Ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2008, nibwo Alhaji Lamrana Bah, yarashwe n'abantu bitwaje imbunda bari mu modoka ye ya Mercedes Benz mu modoka yagonze imodoka ku muhanda wa moteri nkuru ya kera ku giti cya Cola, Umujyi wa Allen mu burasirazuba-Impera ya Freetown. Amaduka yose n’ubucuruzi byari bifite umuryango wa Fula muri Freetown byafunzwe iminsi myinshi mu rwego rwo kwamagana abapolisi ba Freetown bananiwe gukuraho ibyaha muri uyu mujyi. == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://awoko.org/index.php?mact=News,cntnt01,detail,0&cntnt01articleid=1980&cntnt01returnid=282 http://awoko.org/index.php?mact=Amakuru,cntnt01,detail,0&cntnt01articleid=1980&cntnt01returnid=282] sdphnptf8anfu2waqkrh8b24re3w8yz 0 16843 139971 122325 2026-09-24T13:20:43Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139971 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Heathrow Airport 010.jpg|thumb|Ikibuga cy'indege]] '''Ikibuga cy'indege cya Gisenyi''' ni ikibuga cy'indege cyo mu [[Rwanda]]. Ifite ikibuga cy'indege cya IATA GYI (tutitiranya ikibuga cy'indege cya Texas y'Amajyaruguru hamwe na FAA iranga GYI). == Aho biherereye == Ikibuga cy'indege cya Gisenyi, giherereye mu [[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|Ntara y'Uburengerazuba]] bw'u Rwanda, mu [[Akarere ka Rubavu|Karere ka Rubavu]], mu mujyi wa [[Umujyi wa Rubavu|Gisenyi]], ku mupaka mpuzamahanga na [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]. Aha hantu hareshya na kilometero 94, mu kirere, mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'ikibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya [[Kigali]], kuri ubu, cyikaba aricyo kibuga kinini cy'abasivili mu gihugu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Distance between Gisenyi (Gisenyi) and Kigali (Kigali) (Rwanda) |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Rwanda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Gisenyi%20(Gisenyi)%20&toplace=Kigali%20(Kigali)&fromlat=-1.7027778&tolat=-1.9536111&fromlng=29.2563889&tolng=30.0605556 |access-date=2018-08-21 |website=distancecalculator.globefeed.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Imiterere y'ubumenyi bw'isi bwiki kibuga ni: 1 ° 40 '48.00 "S, 29 ° 15' 30.00" E (Ubunini: -1.680000; Uburebure: 29.258334). [[Dosiye:RubavuDist.png|center|thumb|Aho ikibuga cy'indenge cya Gisenyi giherereye]] == Incamake == [[Dosiye:2012-06-21 07-13-14 Kenya Nairobi Area Empakasi.jpg|thumb|296x296px|Ingede ya gisivile]] Ikibuga cy'indege cya Gisenyi ni ikibuga cy'indege giciriritse gikorera mu mujyi wa Gisenyi n'umujyi bituranye wa [[Goma]], hakurya y'umupaka wa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Imijyi yombi ituranye nayo ikoresha i Kibuga cy'indege cya Goma, cyegereye cyane umupaka w'u Rwanda neza neza n'ikibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya Tijuana n'ikibuga cy'indege cya Brown Field gitandukanijwe na Amerika - Umupaka wa [[Megizike|Mexico]]. Ikibuga cy'indege cya Gisenyi ni kimwe mu bibuga by'indege bya gisivili umunani (8) biyobowe [http://www.caa.gov.rw/ n'ikigo gishinzwe indege za gisivili mu Rwanda] . Ikibuga cy'indege cya Gisenyi giherereye ku butumburuke bwa metero 1,549 hejuru y'inyanja. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wolfram{{!}}Alpha: Making the world’s knowledge computable |url=http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=Gisenyi+Airport+elevation&lk=1&a=ClashPrefs_*Airport.HRYG.AirportProperty.Elevation- |access-date=2018-08-21 |website=www.wolframalpha.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Ikibuga cy’indege gifite umuhanda umwe wa asfalt upima metero 1,010 mu burebure na metero 23 mu bugari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GYI - Gisenyi [Gisenyi Airport], 04, RW - Airport - Great Circle Mapper |url=http://www.gcmap.com/airport/HRYG |access-date=2018-08-21 |website=www.gcmap.com}}</ref> == Sosiyete z'ubwikorezi bw'abantu n'ibintu z'indege hamwe nibyerekezo by'ingendo == [[Dosiye:Gisenyi view at kivu lac.jpg|thumb|Gisenyi ]] [[RwandAir]], itwara igihugu, yakoraga serivisi eshatu buri cyumweru hagati y'ikibuga cy’indege cya Gisenyi n’ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Kigali. Icyakora, guhera muri Kamena mu mwaka wa 2013 ntibongeye gukora. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwandair Flights Schedule |url=http://www.rwandair.com/plan-your-flight/schedule-map.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606202636/http://www.rwandair.com/plan-your-flight/schedule-map.html |archive-date=6 June 2013 |access-date=20 June 2013 |publisher=Rwandair}}</ref> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://maps.google.com/maps?q=1.680000S,+29.258334E&hl=en&ll=-1.678715,29.259081&spn=0.008236,0.023389&sll=-1.679037,29.256055&sspn=0.008236,0.023389&gl=us&z=16 Ikibuga cyindege cya Gisenyi Kuri Ikarita ya Google] * [http://www.caa.gov.rw/ Urubuga rw'u Rwanda rushinzwe indege za gisivili] == Reba kandi == * [[Umujyi wa Rubavu|Gisenyi]] * [[Akarere ka Rubavu]] * [[Rwanda Civil Aviation Authority|Ikigo gishinzwe indege za gisivili]] == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Indege]] 2s5yx8e7la5zwoqjq6x5gt6wv22jz5h 0 16968 140121 119741 2026-09-25T09:09:05Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Great Lakes Energy''' yashinzwe na Sam Dargan muri 2005. Ni Isosiyete ifite icyicaro mu [[Umujyi wa Kigali|mujyi wa Kigali]], [[Rwanda|mu Rwanda]] kandi ikorera cyane isoko rya Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Isosiyete ifite ubuhanga bwo gukoresha ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y'izuba. Mu myaka icumi ishize, isosiyete yibanda cyane mu gusobanukirwa no gukemura ibibazo by’ingufu by’abo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Uyu munsi dukoresha ubwo bumenyi nuburambe mugushushanya, kubaka, no kubungabunga sisitemu yizuba yizewe, irambye, kandi ihendutse. Isosiyete itanga imiryango itegamiye kuri leta, ibitaro, n’ishuri hamwe na sisitemu nziza y’amafoto. Isosiyete ifite ubuhanga bwo kuvugurura ibishushanyo mbonera bya PV bituruka kuri grid hamwe na verisiyo nziza. Mubihe byashize iyi sosiyete yatanze akazi ko guhugura abanyarwanda baho uburyo bwo gukora injeniyeri no gushyiraho sisitemu. Isosiyete kandi yatanze amahugurwa kubandi ba rwiyemezamirimo bashinzwe imibereho biga gukorera muri [[Afurika]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=change makers |url=http://www.changemakers.com/socialbusiness/entries/business-training-rural-solar-entrepreneurs |access-date=2023-06-13 |archive-date=2020-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924145244/https://www.changemakers.com/socialbusiness/entries/business-training-rural-solar-entrepreneurs |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=efc |url=https://www.engineeringforchange.org/news/2010/12/10/clean_tech_awareness_brought_to_you_by.html |access-date=2023-06-13 |archive-date=2012-12-20 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121220160624/https://www.engineeringforchange.org/news/2010/12/10/clean_tech_awareness_brought_to_you_by.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ingufu nini zo mu biyaga bigari zikwirakwiza amatara ya sun King lamps nka Green Light Energy muri 2013 zemerera gutanga igisubizo cyu mucyo urambye  ingo zo mucyaro mu Rwanda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=gle website |url=http://gle.solar/sun-king-lamps/ |access-date=2023-06-13 |archive-date=2018-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320063007/http://gle.solar/sun-king-lamps/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mu mwaka wo muri 2014, ingufu z’ibiyaga bigari zafatanije na Global Bright Light Foundation <ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Bright Light Foundation |url=http://globalbrightlight.org/}}</ref> gukwirakwiza amatara y’umwami w’izuba ku mpunzi ziri mu nkambi y’impunzi ya UNHCR Kiziba <ref>{{Cite web |title=UNHCR Kiziba Refugee Camp |url=http://unhcr.org/g-50eaef626}}</ref> muri Rwanda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=darkness was gone |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/carl-pettit/solar-lamps-making-life-b_b_6250552.html}}</ref> Muri 2016 Ingufu z'Ibiyaga Bigari zabaye umugabuzi wemewe wa Victron Energy https://www.victronenergy.com/ == Amavuriro yubuzima akoreshwa na GLE == * Gikomero * Mukuyu * Nyange * Nyarugenge HC * Massoro HC == Igipimo C&I cyakozwe na GLE == * 283KWp ku gitekerezo cya KTF, Bujumbura-Burundi * 100KWp kwa Norrsken Kigali * 60KWp ku ishuri rya Byiringiro Haven * 100KWp ongera ushyire mubitaro bya King Faisal * 35KWp mu mwiherero == Reba kandi == * Imirasire y'izuba muri Afurika * Ingufu mu Rwanda * Hanze ya gride * Ingufu zisubirwamo muri Afrika == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo]] [[Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi]] ndfcsp6mn2htd4dv2tkr7udtucmao6c 0 16997 140019 109538 2026-09-24T13:26:31Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140019 wikitext text/x-wiki : [[Dosiye:Musée de la Musique de Ouagadougou.jpg|thumb|Inzu ndangamurage y'umuziki iherereye Ouagadougou mugihugu cya Burkina faso]][[Dosiye:Flag map of Burkina Faso.svg|thumb|Ikarita irimo idarapo bya burkina faso]][[Dosiye:Guitares et harpes (musée de la musique) (3771941248).jpg|thumb|'''Guitares et harpes (musée de la musique) (3771941248).''']]Iyi ni ingingo y'inzu ndangamurage muri Burkinafaso. Kubireba inzu ndangamurage muri Amerika, reba inzu ndangamurage y'umuziki ''.'' [[Dosiye:Ouagadougou city centre.JPG|thumb|Umugi wa Ouagadougou inzu ndangamurage y'umuziki iherereyemo]] '''Inzu Ndangamurage y’umuziki''' iri muri [[Wagadugu|Ouagadougou]], mu gihugu cya ( [[Burukina Faso|Burkina Faso]] ) mu nyubako y’amagorofa abiri ku Muhanda wa Oubritenga mu majyepfo y’ishuri rya Phillipe Zinda Kabore. Inyubako yahoze irimo Ishyirahamwe rishinzwe iterambere ry’imyubakire nyafurika n’imyubakire y’imijyi (ADAUA) yaravuguruwe kugira ngo yakire inzu ndangamurage. Iyi nyubako iri muburyo bw'inyubako za abasudani baba Sahelian ifite ibisenge bimeze nk'ububiko. Iri hagati mu mujyi kandi biroroshye kugera kubaturage muri rusange. Icyegeranyo cya mbere, cyashyizwe hamwe hagati ya Nzeri mu mwaka wa 1998 na Werurwe mu mwaka wa 1999, gihora gikura. Ibikoresho byo mumiryango yose bigaragazwa harimo aerofone, membranofone, idiophone na chordophone. Buri kintu nicyo cyonyine cy'ubwoko bwacyo kandi kiratandukanye kuva kumyaka 5 kugeza ku myaka 200. Inzu ndangamurage iyobowe n'umurinzi witwa, [[Parfait Z. Bambara]] == Reba kandi == * Urutonde rw'inzu ndangamurage == Amashakiro == [https://web.archive.org/web/20051117222328/http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/Exhibitions/Instruments/Anglais/dpbf_c_txt01_en.html Ishami ry'umurage ndangamuco wa Burkina Faso] [[Ikiciro:Burukina Faso]] [[Ikiciro:Amateka]] opefr9evpbcbf2ofdz7rrds7aa4vqck 0 17037 139956 115124 2026-09-24T13:18:57Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139956 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:An-124 RA-82028 in formation with Su-27 09-May-2010.jpg|thumb|Indege|301x301px]] [[Dosiye:Douglas C-47A-DL Skytrain ‘F-BBBE’ (F-AZTE) (49799752687).jpg|thumb|Indege]] [[Dosiye:Rwandair Express.jpg|thumb|Rwandair Express]] [[Dosiye:Johannesburg O.R. Tambo Airport Rwandair Boeing 737-7K5 9XR-WK.jpg|thumb|Johannesburg O.R. Tambo Airport Rwandair Boeing 737-7K5 9XR-WK]] [[Dosiye:RwandAir aircraft at London Heathrow Airport (July 2023).jpg|thumb|RwandAir aircraft at London Heathrow Airport (July 2023)]] [[Dosiye:Kenya Airways Boeing 777-200ER Jager-1.jpg|thumb|Kenya Airways Boeing 777-200ER ]] [[Dosiye:Kenya Airways Flight.jpg|thumb|Kenya Airways Flight]] [[Dosiye:South African Airways Airbus A340-313 ZS-SXE MUC 2015 02.jpg|thumb|South African Airways Airbus A340-313 ZS-SXE MUC 2015 02.]] [[Dosiye:South African Airways Airbus A350-941 ZS-SDF arriving at JFK Airport.jpg|thumb|South African Airways Airbus A350-941 ZS-SDF arriving at JFK Airport]] [[Dosiye:Uganda Airlines, 5X-EQU, Bombardier CRJ-900 (48641140247).jpg|thumb|Uganda Airlines]] [[Dosiye:Boeing 707-351C, Uganda Airlines JP7687412.jpg|thumb|Uganda Airlines ]] [[Dosiye:Air Senegal, 9H-SZN, Airbus A330-941 (46715789445).jpg|thumb|Air Senegal]] [[Dosiye:Air Senegal International B737 6V-AHU.jpg|thumb|Air Senegal International ]] [[Dosiye:5H-TCG@PEK (20221104080343).jpg|thumb|Air Tanzania]] [[Dosiye:Air Tanzania Cargo 5H-TCO 03-07-2024(2).jpg|thumb|Air Tanzania ]] [[Dosiye:Hewa Bora Airways McDonnell Douglas DC-9-51 S9-DBH.jpg|thumb|Hewa Bora Airways ]] [[Dosiye:Hewa Bora Airways TriStar Menten-2.jpg|thumb|Hewa Bora Airways ]] [[Dosiye:Boeing 737-866 EgyptAir SU-GCM.jpg|thumb|Boeing 737-866 EgyptAir ]] [[Dosiye:SU-GDT Airbus A330 EgyptAir (12289590566).jpg|thumb|SU-GDT Airbus A330 EgyptAir (12289590566)]] [[Dosiye:Danish Air Transport, OY-RUD, ATR 72-201 (16671456419).jpg|thumb|Danish Air Transport]] '''Ishyirahamwe nyafurika ry’indege''' ( '''African Airlines Association''') ( AFRAA ) , ni ishyirahamwe ry’ubucuruzi ry’indege [[Afurika|ny'afurika]]. AFRAA yashinzwe i [[Accra]], [[Gana|muri Gana]], muri 1968, ikaba ifite guhera muri Gashyantare 2021, ifite icyicaro i [[Nairobi]] muri [[Kenya]]. Intego y'ibanze ya AFRAA ni ugushiraho no koroshya ubufatanye hagati yindege [[Afurika|za Afrika]]. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=AFRAA |date=2021 |title=About African Airlines Association |url=https://afraa.org/about-afraa/ |access-date=24 February 2021 |publisher=African Airlines Association (AFRAA) |location=Nairobi}}</ref> Ishyirwaho ry’ishyirahamwe ry’indege nyafurika ryaturutse ku iterambere ry’amateka ndetse n’ubukungu budasanzwe. Mu ntangiriro ya za 1960, ibihugu byinshi by'Afurika byinjiye mu bwigenge kandi bishyiraho indege zabo bwite. Inyinshi muri izo ndege zabaye abanyamuryango b'ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ryo gutwara abantu n'ibintu. AFRAA yatangije igitekerezo cyayo muri 1963, ubwo indege nyinshi z’indege nyafurika, zafataga umwanya zitangwa n’inama rusange ngarukamwaka ya IATA ( AGM ) zatangiye gukora inama nyunguranabitekerezo mbere ya AGMs za IATA kugira ngo baganire ku bibazo bifuza indege za Afurika no gufata imyanya imwe. . Iyi yari intambwe yambere iganisha ku ishyirwaho rya AFRAA. Kuva kuri iyo ntambwe yambere yabereye i Roma mu 1963, hashyizweho mu 1968 i Accra, umuryango w’akarere ushinzwe kuvuga ibitekerezo by’akarere no guteza imbere ubufatanye byakozwe n’abanyamuryango 14 bashinze. == Intego == AFRAA nkishyirahamwe ifite intego zingenzi zikurikira : * Ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere butekanye, bwizewe kandi bwizewe; Guteza imbere inganda uburyo bwiza bwo gushyigikira ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere butekanye, butekanye kandi bwizewe muri Afurika * Kongera imbaraga, kumenyekana no kugira uruhare mu ndege za African Airlines mu nganda z’indege ku isi; * Ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere burambye; Kunganira kugabanya ibiciro bya serivisi zitwara indege muri Afurika ugabanya imisoro, imisoro n'amahoro Duharanire gushyira mubikorwa iterambere rihendutse ry'abakozi Lobby yo kubona isoko kugirango yongere amafaranga kandi yongere umurongo windege muri Afrika * Ubufatanye; Kora ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryibikorwa bigamije kugabanya ibiciro byindege zindege, kongera amafaranga n imigabane ku isoko Korohereza no gushishikariza ubufatanye hagati y'indege ny'afurika * Ubwenge bw'amakuru; Ba ihuriro ry'amakuru, ubwenge nubuhanga ku nganda ny'afurika zindege  == Inzego == * '''Inteko rusange''' Urwego rwo hejuru rushyiraho politiki y’ishyirahamwe ni Inteko rusange ngarukamwaka igizwe n'abayobozi bakuru b'indege z'abanyamuryango. Inteko rusange ngarukamwaka iyobowe na Perezida w’ishyirahamwe. Perezida w'ishyirahamwe azunguruka buri mwaka. * '''Komite Nyobozi''' == Abanyamuryango ba AFRAA == Isosiyete y'indege iyo ari yo yose ikora ibikorwa by'indege mu gutwara abagenzi cyangwa imizigo kandi yujuje ibyangombwa byujuje ibisabwa irashobora gusaba kuba umunyamuryango nk'umunyamuryango ukora cyangwa Associate. Ibikurikira nurutonde rwabanyamuryango ba AFRAA bariho. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Airline !Country !Year Joined AFRAA |- |[[AB Aviation (Sosiyete y'indege)|AB Aviation]] |Comoros |2017 |- |Afriqiyah Airways |Libiya |2002 |- |Air Algérie |Abigeriya |1968 |- |Air Botswana |wotrwana |1991 |- |Air Burkina |Borokina faso |2002 |- |Air Djibouti |Djibouti |2019.<ref name="NewR">{{Cite web |last=Logistics Update Africa Correspondent |date=6 September 2019 |title=AFRAA Receives Safarilink, Air Djibouti, Air Senegal, Uganda Airlines As Members |url=https://www.logupdateafrica.com/afraa-receives-safarilink-air-djibouti-air-senegal-uganda-airlines-as-members-aviation |access-date=7 September 2019}}</ref> |- |Air Madagascar |madagasicale |1975 |- |Air Mauritius |morise |1985 |- |Air Namibia |namibiya |2000 |- |Air Peace |Nigeriya |2019 |- |Air Senegal |senegal |2019<ref name="NewR" /> |- |Air Tanzania |Tanzaniya |1977 |- |Air Zimbabwe |Zimbawe |1981 |- |Allied Air Cargo |Nigeriya |2018 |- |ASKY Airlines |togo |2010 |- |Astral Aviation |yenya |2011 |- |Badr Airlines |Cabo verde |2016 |- |Cabo Verde Airlines |Kameroni |2014 |- |Camair-Co |Kameroni |2012 |- |CEIBA Intercontinental Airlines |Guineya |2011 |- |Congo Airlines |congo |2016 |- |Cronos Airlines |Guneye |2015 |- |EgyptAir (SA) |Musiri |1968 |- |Ethiopian Airlines (SA) |Epitiya |1968 |- |Express AIR Cargo |Tuniziya |2016 |- |Jubba Airways |Kenya |2017 |- |Kenya Airways (ST) |kenya |1977 |- |LAM Mozambique Airlines |Mozambike |1976 |- |Libyan Airlines |Libiya |1968 |- |[[Sosiyete y'ubwikorezi bw'abantu n'ibintu ya Mauritania|Mauritania Airlines]] |Mouraniya |2015 |- |Nile Air |Misiri |2016 |- |Nouvelair |Tuniiya |2017 |- |Oveland Airways |Nigeriya |2019 |- |Precision Air |Nigeriya |2006 |- |Royal Air Maroc (OW) |Maroke |1977 |- |[[RwandAir]] |Rwandair |2009 |- |Safarilink Aviation |Kenya |2019<ref name="NewR" /> |- |Safe Air Company |Kenya |2016 |- |South African Airways |afurika yepfo |1994 |- |South African Express |afurika yepfo |2003 |- |Sudan Airways |Sudani |1968 |- |TAAG Angola Airlines |Angola |1978 |- |Tassili Airlines |Aligeriya |2014 |- |Tunisair |tunisia |1968 |- |Uganda Airlines |Uganda |2019<ref name="NewR" /> |- |} == Reba kandi == == Reba == {{Reflist|2}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.afraa.org Urubuga rwemewe rwa AFRAA] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070916005338/http://www.panapress.com/afraa/index.asp?code=eng012 Amakuru ya AFRAA avuye mu kigo cya Pan African News Agency] * {{In lang|fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20080425174945/http://www.panapress.com/afraa/index.asp?code=fre012 Amakuru ya AFRAA avuye mu kigo cya Pan African News Agency] [[Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi]] dehqrb08zg31jgpm0i1ww6xxrldkk5b 0 17053 140172 96258 2026-09-25T09:44:41Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140172 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Banki nyafurika ishoramari''' ( AIB ) ni kimwe mu bigo bitatu by'imari bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika ( AU ) hamwe n’ikigega [[Ikigega Ny'afurika|cy’imari nyafurika]] na [[Banki Nkuru ya Afurika|Banki nkuru y’Afurika]]. Bizaba bifite icyicaro i Tripoli, [[Libiya]] <ref name="M. Mkwezalamba CAMEF II 2006">M. Mkwezalamba CAMEF II 2006</ref> . == Amavu n'amavuko == Inama ya Lome ( 2000 ) yemeje itegeko nshinga ry’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika, risobanura intego, amahame, n’inzego za AU. Ibihugu 27 byo muri Afurika byashyize umukono kuri iki gikorwa, giteganya gushyiraho inzego zitandukanye, harimo n’Inteko ishinga amategeko ya Pan-Afrika; Urukiko rw'Ubutabera Banki Nkuru ya Afurika; Ikigega Nyafurika cy'Imari; na Banki Nyafurika ishora imari. <ref>''Menas Libya Politics & Security'' 2006</ref> Mu 2005, AU yakoresheje inama y’inzobere zigenga i [[Addis Ababa|Addis Abeba, muri Etiyopiya]], kugira ngo isuzume impapuro z’ibitekerezo n’umushinga w’amasezerano yateguwe na komisiyo y’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika Yunze ubumwe ( AUC ) yerekeye izo nzego uko ari eshatu. AU kandi yagennye imyanya y'ibigo by'imari, Banki Nkuru Nyafurika ( [[Nijeriya]] ), Banki Nyafurika ishora imari ( Libiya ), n'ikigega cy'imari nyafurika ( Afurika yo hagati ). <ref name="M. Mkwezalamba CAMEF II 2006">M. Mkwezalamba CAMEF II 2006</ref> == Manda n'amahame agenga ibikorwa == Ku ya 21 Ugushyingo 2006, AUC yakoresheje inama i Yaounde, muri Kameruni, igaragaza ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ibigo bitatu by'imari byo muri Afurika nk'uko biteganywa n'ingingo ya 19 y'itegeko nshinga. <ref name="M. Mkwezalamba CAMEF II 2006">M. Mkwezalamba CAMEF II 2006</ref> Inshingano za AIB zari ziteganijwe gufasha mu kuzamura ubukungu no kwihutisha ubukungu muri [[Afurika]] bijyanye na gahunda ya AU. <ref>Agreement Establishing the AIB</ref> Ingingo ya 17 ''y’amasezerano'' yemeje kandi ko uburyo bwa AIB bwo gukora amabanki buzakorwa hubahirijwe amahame akurikira : <ref>Article 17, ''Agreement''</ref> # Ibikorwa ahanini bigamije gutera inkunga imishinga yihariye, harimo gahunda yiterambere ryigihugu, iy'akarere cyangwa iy'akarere kubanyamuryango. Hashobora kuba harimo gutera inkunga ibigo byiterambere byigihugu muri Afrika bikora manda; # Muguhitamo imishinga, suzuma uruhare rwayo muri manda, kuruta ubwoko bwumushinga; # AIB ntizatera inkunga igikorwa icyo aricyo cyose mubutaka bwabanyamuryango niba uwo munyamuryango yanze; # Mugusuzuma inguzanyo cyangwa ingwate zisaba, tekereza ubushobozi bwuwagurijwe kubona inkunga cyangwa ibikoresho ahandi; # Mugutanga cyangwa gutanga ingwate, tekereza niba uwagurijwe n' umwishingizi ashobora kuzuza inshingano; kandi ko igipimo cy'inyungu, andi mafaranga na gahunda yo kwishyura birakwiye; # Amafaranga ashobora gukoreshwa gusa mu gutanga amasoko mu bihugu bigize umuryango w’ibicuruzwa byakozwe n’abanyamuryango, keretse iyo Inama y’Ubuyobozi yemereye amasoko atari abanyamuryango, cyangwa ibicuruzwa bitari abanyamuryango, mu bihe bidasanzwe ( ni ukuvuga, abanyamuryango batanga inkunga ikomeye kuri AIB ) ; # Ku bijyanye n'inguzanyo itaziguye, uwagurijwe ashobora gukuramo amafaranga gusa yo gukoresha umushinga nkuko byatanzwe; # Fata ingamba kugirango amafaranga yinguzanyo akoreshwe gusa intego yatanzwe; # Irinde umubare utagereranywa wumutungo wunguka umunyamuryango uwo ari we wese; # Shakisha uburyo butandukanye bwo gushora imari shoramari, AIB ntizemera gucunga ikigo icyo aricyo cyose cyangwa ikigo gifite igishoro, usibye aho bikenewe; # Koresha amahame meza ya banki, cyane cyane mubushoramari mu mari shingiro; # Mu kwishingira inguzanyo zitangwa nabandi bashoramari, AIB izahabwa indishyi zikwiye. == Kuba umunyamuryango == Nkuko ingingo ya 4 ibivuga, abanyamuryango ba AIB barakinguye abanyamuryango ba AU bose. Ibihugu byujuje ibisabwa bitaba abanyamuryango igihe ibikorwa bitangiye birashobora kwemerwa nyuma, hashingiwe ku mategeko n'amabwiriza yashyizweho n'Inama y'Ubutegetsi ( BOG ), nyuma y'amajwi yemejwe nibura na bine bya gatanu bya ba Guverineri, bahagarariye bitarenze bitatu bya kane. y'ububasha bw'abanyamuryango bose. <ref>Article 4, ''Agreement''</ref> == Umurwa mukuru == Ikigega cy'ambere cya AIB cyemewe ntikiramenyekana. Bizagabanywa mumigabane myinshi ifite agaciro kihariye par, izaboneka kubanyamuryango kugirango biyandikishe nkuko biteganijwe ''mumasezerano''. Imari shingiro yemewe igabanijwemo imigabane yishyuwe n'imigabane ishobora guhamagarwa. BOG izagena rimwe na rimwe igipimo cy’imari yemewe mu migabane yishyuwe n’imigabane ishobora guhamagarwa. BOG irashobora kongera imari shingiro yemewe, mugihe gikwiye. Icyemezo cya BOG cyo kongera igishoro cyemejwe kizemezwa n’amajwi byibuze bine bya gatanu bya ba Guverineri, bingana na bitatu bya kane by’ububasha bw’itora bw’abanyamuryango <ref>Article 5, ''Agreement''</ref> . == Inyandiko == {{Reflist|2}} == Reba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101205144323/http://www.africa-union.org/Economic%20Affairs/Meeting%20Financial%20Institutions/AGREEMENT%20ESTABLISHING%20THE%20AFRICAN%20INVESTMENT%20BANK.pdf Amasezerano Gushiraho AIB] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071031133037/http://www.africa-union.org/root/AU/Conferences/Past/2006/November/EA/Yaounde/CAMEF%20II/Speech/STATEMENT%20OF%20COMMISSIONER%20ON%20EXPERTS%20MEETING%20cAM.doc M. Mkwezalamba, CAMEF II] 2006 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071220222448/http://www.uneca.org/cfm/2007/speech_maxwell_070402.htm M. Mkwezalamba, CAMEF] 2007 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20030807165237/http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/inven/pdfs/oau.pdf Ibarura ry’amashyirahamwe n’ubutegetsi mpuzamahanga bidakwirakwiza: AU Umwirondoro wa AU] ''w’ubushakashatsi budakwirakwizwa'' 9-27-2006 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111003033551/http://www.menas.co.uk/pubsamples/Libya%20Politics%20%20and%20%20Security%20-%2013.12.06.pdf Menas Libiya Politiki n'umutekano] 12-13-06 [[Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi]] inlmk4sjooo0sn0u0k70qhtj7eow33q 0 17082 139987 136668 2026-09-24T13:22:37Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139987 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:USAID Southern Africa Trade and Investment Hub (33154024524).png|thumb|'''uruganda rwa AFRICA IMPROVED FOODS RWANDA LIMITED''']] '''AFRICA IMPROVED FOODS RWANDA LIMITED''' ( AIF ) ni ubufatanye bwa Leta n’abikorera barimo DSM, Guverinoma y'u [[Rwanda]], IFC, Itsinda rya CDC na FMO. AIF itanga igisubizo kinini kandi kirambye cy'imirire mibi ikoresheje umusaruro w'ibiryo bifite intungamubiri nyinshi. Amadolari miliyoni zigera kuri 65, niyo yashowe mu Rwanda, ikaba isanzwe mu ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rwo hejuru, yatangiye gukorera mu Rwanda kuva mu Kuboza 2016.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230615215822/https://africaimprovedfoods.com/ihuriro-ryabanyamakuru-bimyidagaduro-mu-rwanda-ryatanze-toni-6-zifu-yigikoma-ku-miryango-yagizweho-ingaruka-na-coronavirus/</ref><ref>https://teradignews.rw/covid-19-abanyamakuru-bimyidagaduro-nabahanzi-batanze-toni-6-zifu-yigikoma-ku-turere-dutatu/</ref> == Ibyo bakora == Hari amafu atandukanye bakora muri uru ruganda, aha twavuga : ay'abana * Shisha Kibondo Infant * Shisha Kibondo Mother * WFP Super Cereal Plus * Other Specialized Cereals Ay'abantu bakuru * Nootri Mama * Nootri Toto * Nootri Qwik * Nootri Family == Amashakiro; == [[Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo]] om9pdxmejp4a4l37nf7gcvkxkelgrb9 0 17169 140151 138492 2026-09-25T09:26:35Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140151 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adma International Ltd''' ni uruganda rukomeye rukora ibisuguti, aho rwanditswe kandi rukora ku mategeko y'u [[Rwanda]]. Rwatangiye rukora ku ya 23 kamena 2003 icyicaro gikuru giherereye mu [[Umujyi wa Kigali|mujyi wa Kigali]],aho ikorera mu jyanya kinganda, aho bakoresha abakozi bagera kuri 440.<ref>https://www.jobinrwanda.com/employer/adma-international-ltd</ref> == ibisuguti ba kora == Adma International Ltd hari ibisuguti bakora birimo amoko 2 nka '''Adma Buscuits''' harimo amaoko atadukanye nka bisuguti bya Nice, ibisuguti bya shortcafe, ibisuguti bya Marie, ibisuguti bya Family, ibisuguti bya Bourbon, ibisuguti bya choco, ibisuguti bya butter, ibisuguti bya Ginger Nuts, ibisuguti bya Rio, ibisuguti bya Digestive. '''Adma Primiuim Biscuit''' harimo ka ibisuguti bya Adma Marie, ibisuguti bya Super Glucose, ibisuguti bya Be Happy, ibisuguti bya Riham Biscuit, ibisuguti bya Fantasia, ibisuguti bya Trunchie biscuits. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230619103302/http://admarwanda.com/adma-brand/</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo]] mbiv18bygc6cfdrlaltcq0m44t9q4d7 0 17434 140108 123568 2026-09-25T09:07:33Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140108 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Murekezi Anastase''' ( wavutse ku ya 15 Kamena 1952) ni umunyapolitiki w'umunyarwanda. Yize muri Groupe Scolaire Officiel de Butare ( GSOB ) akomeza muri kaminuza Gatolika ya Louvain mu Bubiligi kwiga ubuhinzi. Yabaye Minisitiri w’abakozi ba Leta n’umurimo kugeza ku ya 23 Nyakanga 2014 ubwo yabaga [[Prime Minister of Rwanda|Minisitiri w’intebe w’u Rwanda]], akora kugeza muri 2017. <ref name="newVision">{{Cite web |date=23 July 2014 |title=Kagame sacks prime minister, cabinet reshuffle expected |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/657923-kagame-sacks-prime-minister-cabinet-reshuffle-expected.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214224121/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/657923-kagame-sacks-prime-minister-cabinet-reshuffle-expected.html |archive-date=14 February 2015 |access-date=23 July 2014 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Kuva muri 2017-2020, yabaye Umuvunyi mukuru mu Rwanda. == Amashyirahamwe mpuzamahanga == Anastase Murekezi kandi ni umwe mu bagize Inama y'Ubuyobozi ya [https://web.archive.org/web/20150908223201/http://www.compact2025.org/ Compact2025], ubufatanye buteza imbere kandi bukwirakwiza inama zishingiye ku bimenyetso ku banyapolitiki ndetse n'abandi bafata ibyemezo bigamije guca inzara n'imirire mibi mu myaka 10 iri imbere. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.compact2025.org/about-compact2025/governance/leadership-council/ |title=Leadership Council members from the website of the Compact 2025 partnership |access-date=2023-10-26 |archive-date=2016-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105052340/http://www.compact2025.org/about-compact2025/governance/leadership-council/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Abahutu]] [[Ikiciro:Minisitiri w'intebe]] 8minutk0vjy98v1kuhzd2wbs14p64ls 0 17578 140096 125137 2026-09-25T09:06:09Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140096 wikitext text/x-wiki '''UBUMUGA''' Ubumuga bwo kutabona ni bwo bwiganje mubagera 158.712 hagakurikiraho ubwingingo, ndetse nubumuga bwo kutumva, hagakurikiraho nubumuga bw' uruhu.[https://web.archive.org/web/20240117164504/http://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abanyarwanda-3-4-bafite-ubumuga-inzira-iracyari-ndende-mu-burezi-bwabo] === uturere dusangwamo abafite ubumuga === Mu Rwanda harimo intara enye 4 ndetse numunjyi wa kigali, uturere twose hamwe t' Urwanda ni mirongwitatatu 30. uturere usangamo abafite ubumuga benshi kurusha utundi ni akarere ka Gasabo niko gafite umubare munini wabafite ubumuga, kagakurikirwa nakarere ka Ruhango.[https://web.archive.org/web/20240117164504/http://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abanyarwanda-3-4-bafite-ubumuga-inzira-iracyari-ndende-mu-burezi-bwabo] Ikigaragara nuko abenshi bafite ubumuga batinyeze bakandijyira mwishuri ,haracyari cyuho kuri bwabukungu bushinyiye kubumenyi.[https://web.archive.org/web/20240117164504/http://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abanyarwanda-3-4-bafite-ubumuga-inzira-iracyari-ndende-mu-burezi-bwabo]<blockquote>'''amakuru arambuye kubinjyanye nubumuga''' https://web.archive.org/web/20240117164504/http://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abanyarwanda-3-4-bafite-ubumuga-inzira-iracyari-ndende-mu-burezi-bwabo</blockquote> 03wqjiyjx3uwjftssr3m98m48jgdva6 0 17624 139957 136532 2026-09-24T13:19:05Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139957 wikitext text/x-wiki == Umuryango BUFMAR == Umuryango uhuza ibikorwa byamavuriro ya katolika nayamatorero y'abapotestanti yemewe na leta mu Rwanda BUFMAR ,uratangazakoujyiye konjyera ingufu nubushakashatsi mugukora imiti ikorerwa inaha mu[[Rwanda]] MADE IN [[Rwanda|RWANDA]] nkimwe mungamba zokugabanya ibitumizwa hanze yigihugu. Uyumuryango ugamije kwejyereza ibikoresho byiza ndetse nimite myiza byokwamuganga kubiciro byabugufi. Musenyeri Harolimana Vicent umusumba wa diyosezi gatolika ya ruhengeri akaba n'umuvugizi wa BUFMAR, yatangajeko ubusanzwe ko harimiti batumizaga mumahanga nko mubuhinde nibindi batabasha gukorera muRwanda nkibikoresho byabafite ubumuga, ibitanda byo kwamuganga nibindi bijyiye bitandukanye nindi miti.[https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/article/bufmar-yahize-guteza-imbere-made-in-rwanda-mu-miti-n-ibikoresho-byo-kwa-muganga] === intego ikigo bufmar jyifite === igena migambi ryabo bifuza guhuza ingufu gahunda y'u[[Rwanda]] yo kwishakamo ibisubizo bongera umusaruro nimiti bikorera inaha mu[[Rwanda]] ndetse nibikoresho bijyiye bitandukanye byo kwamuganga bishobora gukorerwa inaha mugihugu.[https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/article/bufmar-yahize-guteza-imbere-made-in-rwanda-mu-miti-n-ibikoresho-byo-kwa-muganga] ====== amakuru arambuye ====== ====== 1<nowiki/>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/article/bufmar-yahize-guteza-imbere-made-in-rwanda-mu-miti-n-ibikoresho-byo-kwa-muganga ====== ====== 2 https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/article/bufmar-yahize-guteza-imbere-made-in-rwanda-mu-miti-n-ibikoresho-byo-kwa-muganga ====== k5o3gbnsyu4axlt821f6gm3r95zndbm 0 17644 140047 125162 2026-09-24T13:29:50Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140047 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Bath Chair, Tehran.jpg|thumb|bath chair]] INTEBE YO KWIYUHAGIRIRAMO[[Dosiye:Bath_chair,_St_John's_Museum_Store.jpg|thumb| Igale]] [[Dosiye:EB1911_Bath-chair.jpg|thumb| igare ry'abamugaye bo hambere]] [[Dosiye:Victorian three wheeled wicker bath chair - geograph.org.uk - 5616128.jpg|thumb|Bath chair]] '''Bath chair''' - cyangwa '''intebe yo kwiyuhagiriramo''' - yari akagare kazunguruka cyangwa [[igare]] ryoroheje, aho yatwaraga umuntu umwe ufite ingofero yikubye, aho yashoboraga kuryifungurira ryakoreshejwe cyane cyane n'abamugaye, ryashyirwaga ku mapine atatu cyangwa ane hanyuma bigashushanya cyangwa bigasunikwa n'intoki. Yari afite inkomoko yayo muri Bath, mu [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]]. <ref name="cob">{{Cite web |title=Bath chair |url=http://www.cityofbath.co.uk/history/body_bathchair.html |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080519222501/http://www.cityofbath.co.uk/history/body_bathchair.html |archive-date=May 19, 2008 |access-date=January 19, 2024 |publisher=City of Bath}}</ref> Iyo bibaye ngombwa, intebe ishobora kandi gushyirwa ku mapine ane hanyuma igashushanywa [[Ifarashi|n'ifarasi]], [[Indogoba|indogobe]] cyangwa pony nto hamwe n'uburyo busanzwe bwo kuba yahinduka. Izi verisiyo zishushanyije n'inyamanswa zabanjirijwe n'ubwikorezi butemewe. James Heath, wo muri Bath, wateye imbere mbere y'ikinyejana cya 18 rwagati, ni we wavumbuye intebe yo kwiyuhagiriramo aho kwiyuhagira mu bwogero bw'Abaroma cyangwa gusura Icyumba cya Pompe cyari gikunzwe mu bashyitsi barwaye. <ref name="cob"/> Nyuma yaho hari verisiyo y'ubwoko bw'igare bw'ibimuga bisunikwa n' umukozi aho gukururwa n'inyamaswa. Mu kinyejana cya 19 bakunze kugaragara muri resitora ya spa, nka Buxton na Wells ya Tunbridge. Impapuro zimwe zashyizwemo ibikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa n umuntu uri muriyo intebe y'igare. == Reba kandi == * Imashini yo kwiyuhagira * Rickshaw * Imodoka itemewe * Litter (imodoka) * Rayleigh kwiyuhagira intebe yubwicanyi * Ikimuga == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.peoplescollectionwales.co.uk/items/8707 'Intebe yo kwiyuhagira'.] Ikusanyirizo ryabantu Wales. [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ubumuga]] rnm0cu6bintiwqnenwwx7cvf4kikvvr 0 17664 140189 101872 2026-09-25T09:47:07Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140189 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prosthetic yo mu maso''' cyangwa k'''umaso''' ni igikoresho cy'ubukorikori gikoreshwa muguhindura cyangwa guhuza isura y'inyuma y'Umuntu cyangwa umutwe. Iyo ikoreshejwe mu ikinamico, firime, cyangwa televiziyo, marike yo mu maso ihindura isura isanzwe y'Umuntu mubintu bidasanzwe. Prosthetics yo mu maso ishobora gukorwa mubikoresho byinshi, birimo gelatin, foam latex, silicone, hamwe n'ifuro ikonje. Ingaruka zirashobora kuba zoroshye nko guhindura umurongo w'umusaya cyangwa izuru, cyangwa gutuma umuntu agaragara nk'Umuntu mukuru cyangwa muto kumurusha. Prosthetics yo mu maso ishobora kandi guhindura umukinnyi mubiremwa byose, nk'ibiremwa by'ibyamamare, [[inyamaswa]], n'ibindi. Gukoresha prosthetics yo mu maso, Pros-Aide, Beta Bond, imiti ivura, cyangwa liquid latex ikoreshwa. Ibyiza bifasha ni amazi ashingiye kumazi yakoreshejwe mu "inganda zirikurwego" mu myaka irenga 30. Irinda amazi rwose kandi yateguwe kugirango ikoreshwe n'uruhu rworoshye. Bikurwaho byoroshye hamwe na pros-Aide Remover. BetaBond igenda ikundwa cyane mubahanzi ba Hollywood bavuga ko byoroshye kuyikuramo. Ibiti bivura bifite inyungu ko byakozwe muburyo budasanzwe bwo kudatera allergie cyangwa kurwara uruhu. Liquid latex ishobora gukoreshwa mu masaha make gusa, ariko ishobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibintu bifatika kuva kuruhu kugeza kuri prostate. Nyuma yo kubishyira mu bikorwa, kwisiga cyangwa gusiga irangi ibikoreshwa mu gusiga amabara ya prosthetics no k'uruhu amabara yifuza, kandi bigera ku mpinduka zifatika ziva mu ruhu zijya muri prosthetics. Ibi birashobora gukorwa n'uwambaye, ariko akenshi bikorwa n'umuhanzi wihariye, watojwe. Iyo imikoreshereze yacyo irangiye, prosthetics zimwe zishobora gukurwaho gusa. Abandi bakeneye umusemburo udasanzwe kugirango bafashe gukuraho prosthetics, nka Pros-Aide Remover (amazi yishinjikirijweho kandi afite umutekano rwose) kuri Pros-Aide, Beta Solv kuri Beta Bond imiti yo kuvura. Iyo kumakiya yo kwisiga iragenda ikundwa cyane no gukoreshwa buri munsi. Ubu bwoko bwo kwisiga bukoreshwa n'abantu bifuza guhindura cyane imiterere yabo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-24 |title=Forget contouring, people are using prosthetic make-up to sculpt their faces |url=https://metro.co.uk/2018/06/24/forget-contouring-people-using-prosthetic-make-sculpt-faces-7655640/ |access-date=2019-06-27 |website=Metro |language=en-US}}</ref> == Amateka ya prosthetics yo mu maso == === Ikigaragara mu mateka ya kera === Ntabwo byatangiye nyuma ya kera aho isura yambaraga ibice by'ubukorikori nubwo nta bimenyetso bifatika. Byagaragaye ko abahanga mu bucukumbuzi bw'ibyataburuwe mu matongo batsitaye ku gihangano cyari kinyoma imbere y’ijisho ry’ibumoso ry’igihanga muri [[Irani]] gisubira inyuma nko mu mwaka 3000-2900 mbere ya Yesu. Iyo umuntu wigihanga cy'umutwe apfuye, hashyizwemo ijisho ry'ibinyoma. Masike ya zahabu yabonetse kuri mumyiya mu mva za kera zo muri Egiputa ahagana mu mwaka 2500 mbere ya Yesu, zahabu yo kwisiga n'ibiceri bya feza byari bihari. Ihishurwa ry'ibi bivumbuwe n'intangiriro y'ubumenyi bw'ubuhanga bwa prosthetics yo mu maso kandi mu bihe byashize by'ibanze kumibereho. Ibice by'umubiri nk'izuru, ugutwi n'amaboko byari inzira nk'igihano cyo gusambana m'Ubuhinde bwa kera. Mu gihe cya Vedic, disikuru izwi cyane ku buvuzi bw’Abahinde yitwa (The Sushruta Samhita), yari yakoze raporo ya piramide yo mu mazuru yakuwe mu gace k’imbere yerekana ibimenyetso byerekana ko hongeye kubagwa. Amahirwe yo gutsinda ntabwo yari menshi ugereranije niyi minsi. Kubw'ibyo, kwerekana inyigisho zijyanye no kwiyubaka kwa prosthetics kugerageza mu mateka birashoboka ko bitavuzwe. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|pages=2–4}}</ref> Ahagana mu mwaka 1810–1750 ni mbere ya Yesu, muri gace ka Mezopotamiya, byagaragaye ko gutema ibihano Umwami Hammurabi byakozwe nubwo ubuvuzi bwe ndetse n'imyitwarire ye byemewe. Abantu bari baraciye abandi bahiriwe n'igihano cyagaruye ibice byatakaye byashishikarizaga kugerageza kwiba. Ntabwo wasangaga havugwa prosthetics yo mu maso mubyanditswe mu gihe cyAbagereki n'Abaroma. Kugabanyuka kwa amagufa maremare no kubuzwa byari bishimishije kuri Hippocrates, Galen, na Celsus kugerageza kuruta kuvura inenge ya maxillofacial. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|pages=2–4}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} 8lkb1o3sta70ltvobqbrnc05a4grcfu 0 17665 140212 110590 2026-09-25T11:56:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140212 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Walker._frame.jpg|right|thumb|333x333px| Akuma gafasha Kugenda imbere.]] Umuntu '''ugendera kukuma gafasha abafite ubumuga''' ( Icyongereza cyo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru ) cyangwa '''ikinyabiziga cyo kugenda''' ( Icyongereza cyo mu Bwongereza ) ni igikoresho gitanga inkunga yo gukomeza kuringaniza cyangwa gutuza mugihe ugenda, cyane cyane bitewe n'ubumuga bw'imodoka bushingiye kumyaka, harimo n'intege nke. Irindi jambo risanzwe rihwanye nuwagendagenda ni iyo bita '''Zimmer''' '''(ikadiri)''', ikirango rusange kiva muri Zimmer Biomet, uruganda rukomeye rw'ibikoresho nk'ibi bice bisimburana. Kugenda k'umurongo ufite ibiziga bibiri byimbere, kandi hariho n'abagenda bazunguruka bafite ibiziga bitatu cyangwa bine, bizwi kandi nko kuzina '''rotateur'''. Abagenda kuri icyogikoresho batangiye kugaragara mu ntangiriro yu mwaka 1950. Ipatanti ya mbere yo muri Amerika yahawe mu mwaka 1953 na William Cribbes Robb, wa Stretford, mu Bwongereza, kubera icyogikoresho cyitwa "imfashanyo yo kugenda", cyari cyarashyikirijwe ibiro by’ipatanti mu Bwongereza muri Kanama mu mwaka 1949. <ref>[http://www.google.com/patents/US2656874?printsec=abstract#v=onepage Walking Aid – US Patent 2656874] Retrieved 2012-03-03</ref> Impinduka ebyiri zifite ibiziga zombi zahawe ipatenti muri Amerika muri Gicurasi mu mwaka 1957, <ref>[http://www.google.com/patents/US2792052?printsec=abstract#v=onepage Invalid Walker – US Patent 2792052] Retrieved 2012-03-03</ref> <ref>[http://www.google.com/patents/US2792874?printsec=abstract#v=onepage Orthopedic Walker – US Patent 2792874] Retrieved 2012-03-03</ref> naho igishushanyo cya mbere kidafite ibiziga cyiswe "umutambukanyi" cyatanzwe mu mwaka wa 1965 na Elmer F. Ries wa Cincinnati, muri Leta ya Ohio. <ref>[http://www.google.com/patents/US3165112?printsec=abstract#v=onepage Walker or Walker Aid – US Patent 3165112] Retrieved 2012-03-03</ref> Ugenda imbere usa nabagenda bigezweho yahawe patenti mu mwaka 1970 na Alfred A. Smith wo muri Van Nuys, muri Californiya. <ref>[http://www.google.com/patents/US3517677?printsec=abstract#v=onepage Smith Invalid Walker – US Patent 3517677] Retrieved 2012-03-03</ref> Mu mwaka 2023, ibishushanyo mbonera byambere bifungura isoko bifasha kugenda byasohotse nyuma yo gupimishwa bishobora kwigana digitale hamwe ni capiro rya 3D ridahenze, ryashizweho kandi rigabanya ingano ya purusa 20%. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=79}}</ref> == Igishushanyo == Igishushanyo cy'ibanze kigizwe n'ikintu cyoroheje kijyanye no mu rukenyerero, hafi santimetero 12 (30&nbsp;cm) yimbitse kandi yagutse gato kurenza uyikoresha. Abagenda nabo baraboneka mubindi bipimo nkabana (kubana) cyangwa bariatric (kubantu bafite umubyibuho ukabije). Kugenda bigezweho bishobora guhinduka kandi bigomba gushyirwaho mu rwego rworohereza umukoresha, ariko bikemerera umukoresha kugumana akantu gato mu ntoki. Uku kugoreka gukenewe kugira ngo amaraso atembera neza binyuze mu maboko nkuko bigenda. Amaguru abiri y'imbere y'umugenzi ashobora cyangwa ntashobora kuba afite ibiziga bifatanye, bitewe n'imbaraga n'ubushobozi bw'Umuntu uyikoresha. Birasanzwe kandi kubona ibiziga bya caster cyangwa kunyerera ku maguru y'inyuma y'umugenzi ufite ibiziga b'imbere; usibye ibicuruzwa byunvikana byahujwe no kunyerera n'amaguru nk'ibirenge bifatanye, hamwe n'udupira twa tennis twacukuyemo imyobo kugira ngo tubishyire kumaguru nabyo bikoreshwa hejuru nk'ibiti, epoxy na liniyumu hasi bisanzwe mu bigo. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240106100825/https://spkmobility.com/zimmer-frame-wheeled/ Unlocking Mobility - The evolution of zimmer frames] Evolution and design of zimmer frames.</ref> == Igikoresha == [[Dosiye:A_woman_supporting_herself_with_a_walking_frame.jpg|thumb| Umugore ushyigikira ibiro bye akoresheje ikinyabiziga kigenda nta ruziga]] Umuntu agenda afite ikadiri ikikije imbere n'impande kandi amaboko yabo atanga infashanyo y'iyongera mu gukomeza hejuru yimpande zikadiri. Ubusanzwe, umutambukanyi arafatwa agashyirwa intera ngufi imbere y'umukoresha. Umukoresha noneho aragenda kandi asubiramo inzira. Hamwe no gukoresha ibiziga hamwe n'ibibyunganira, uyikoresha ashobora gusunika ugenda imbere bitandukanye no kumusunika. Ibi bituma byoroha gukoresha ingendo, kuko bidasaba uyikoresha gukoresha amaboko kugirango azamure uwugenda. Ibi ni ingirakamaro kubafite imbaraga nke z'amaboko. Kugenda akenshi bikoreshwa n'abantu barimo gukira ibikomere cyangwa ukuguru. Irakoreshwa kandi ku bantu bafite ibibazo byo kugenda cyangwa bafite ibibazo byoroheje bidakomeye. Ikindi wamenya gifitanye isano ni hemi-wolker, umutambukanyi hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'ubunini bw'urugendo gakondo rugenewe gukoreshwa n'abantu bafite ubuhanga buke cyangwa bushidikanywaho mukuboko kumwe. Aba bagenda bahagaze neza kuruta inkoni ya kane (inkoni ifite ingingo enye zikora ku butaka, bitandukanye n'imwe), ariko ntibisabwa cyane nk'uwagendagenda gakondo kubashobora kuyikoresha. == Reba == {{Reflist}} 21kmlrxk8jlvfr4xflnnrtxm1yqoft3 0 17907 140122 103115 2026-09-25T09:09:12Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Imashini yo gusoma y'abafite ubumuga''' n'igice cya tekinoroji ifasha ituma abafite ubumuga babona ibikoresho byandika. Isikana inyandiko, ihindura ishusho mu myandiko ikoresheje uburyo bwo kumenya imiterere ya optique kandi ikoresha synthesizer yo kuvuga kugira ngo isome ibyo yabonye. == Iterambere == Porotipi ya mbere y'imashini yo gusoma, yitwa optophone, yakozwe na Dr. Edmund Edward Fournier d'Albe wo muri kaminuza ya Birmingham mu mwaka 1913. Fotodetekeri eshanu zahagaritswe zikoreshwa mu gusikana umurongo winyandiko zacapwe. Buri selile yabyaye amajwi atandukanye (G, C, D, E, G8) mu gihe habonetse icapiro ryirabura, ku buryo buri nyuguti yahujwe n'igihe cyihariye gitandukanya amajwi. Hamwe n'imyitozo imwe, abakoresha abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona bashoboye gusobanura aya majwi nk'ubutumwa bufite ireme. Nyamara, umuvuduko wo gusoma wiki gikoresho watinze cyane (hafi ijambo rimwe k'umunota). <ref name="Shankweiler_Seeking">{{Cite journal|pages=78–99}}</ref> <ref name="Cooper_Evolution">{{Cite journal|pages=51–87}}</ref> Kuva mu mwaka 1944 kugeza mu myaka ya za 70, hakozwe prototypes nshya y'imashini yo gusoma muri Laboratoire ya Haskins ku masezerano yatanzwe n’ubuyobozi bw’abasirikare. Umushinga w'ubushakashatsi wakozwe na Caryl Parker Haskins, Franklin S. Cooper na Alvin Liberman. Kugerageza kwabo kwa mbere kunoza optophone byose byarangiye binaniwe cyangwa bitsinzwe, <ref name="Cooper_Evolution">{{Cite journal|pages=51–87}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCooperGaitenbyNye1984">Cooper, FS; Gaitenby, JH; Nye, PW (May 1984). "Evolution of reading machines for the blind: Haskins Laboratories' research as a case history". ''Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development''. '''21''' (1): 51–87. [[PMID (ibiranga)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6396402 6396402].</cite></ref> kandi abakoresha ntibashoboye gusoma amagambo arenga 5 k'umunota ugereranije, nubwo nyuma y'imyitozo ndende. <ref name="Shankweiler_Seeking">{{Cite journal|pages=78–99}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFShankweilerFowler2015">Shankweiler, D; Fowler, CA (February 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20151217221735/http://www.haskins.yale.edu/history/haskhist_fowler_shankweiler.pdf "Seeking a reading machine for the blind and discovering the speech code"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''History of Psychology''. '''18''' (1): 78–99. [[Doi (ibiranga)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1037/a0038299|10.1037/a0038299]]. [[PMID (ibiranga)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25528275 25528275]. [[S2CID (ibiranga)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2347141 2347141].</cite></ref> Iri genzura ryatumye Liberman atekereza ko imipaka yari iy'ubwenge aho kuba tekiniki, no gushyiraho igitekerezo cye cya moteri yo kumva imvugo. Yatahuye ko ikimenyetso cy'ijambo kitigeze cyumvikana nk "" inyuguti "cyangwa" cipher "acoustic, ariko ahubwo byari" code "yerekana ibimenyetso bigaragaza imvugo, kubera guhuza ibitekerezo. Kubw'ibyo, imashini yo gusoma ntishobora guhindura gusa inyuguti zacapwe muruhererekane rw'amajwi avangitiranye, ahubwo ishobora kumenya inyuguti no gutanga amajwi y'imvugo nk'ibisohoka ukoresheje cyangwa ugaragaje imvugo ikomatanya. Imashini ya mbere yo gusoma y'ubucuruzi bw'abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona yakozwe na (Kurzweil Computer Productsnyuma yaguzwe na Xerox Corporation) mu mwaka 1975. Walter Cronkite yakoresheje iyi mashini kugira ngo yumve umukono we, "Kandi uko ni ko bimeze, ku ya 13 Mutarama mu mwaka 1976." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kurzweil Computer Products |url=http://www.kurzweiltech.com/kcp.html |website=Kurzweil Tech}}</ref> Mu myaka ya za 1960 rwagati, Francis F. Lee yinjiye mu itsinda rya Dr. Samuel Jefferson Mason 'Cognitive Information Processing Group' muri Laboratoire y’ubushakashatsi ya Electronics mu kigo cy’ikoranabuhanga cya Massachusetts kugira ngo bakore imashini isoma y'abafite ubumuga bwo kutabo, sisitemu ya mbere yari gusikana inyandiko kandi utange imvugo y'ikomezo. <ref>[http://www.rle.mit.edu/about/history/timeline-1960-1%5B%5D RLE Timeline 1960-1979] Retrieved 3 January 2015</ref> Imashini zo gusoma neza zari zishingiye kumeza kandi ari ndende, wasangaga mu bitabo, mu mashuri, no mu bitaro cyangwa ugasanga byari bifite abakire. Mu mwaka 2009, terefone igendanwa ikoresha Kurzweil Ihuriro ry’igihugu ry’abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona ni sofutiweya ikora nk'imashini yo gusoma. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mobile Products |url=http://www.knfbreader.com/products-mobile.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815094216/http://www.knfbreader.com/products-mobile.php |archive-date=2010-08-15 |access-date=2010-10-19 |website=KNFB Reader}}</ref> == Amashakiro == <references /> ek8buw7z0agm5532fxcorhkgehoh5bv 0 17957 139995 103384 2026-09-24T13:23:34Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139995 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umuryango mpuz'amahanga''' w'abafite ubumuga bwo kutumva kandi uzwi ku izina rya National Hearing Aid Society ni umuryango w’abanyamuryango babigize umwuga washinzwe mu mwaka 1951 uhagarariye abashinzwe ubuvuzi bumva. <ref>[[National Institute of Health]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20121101081136/http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/resources/international-hearing-society-ihs "Health & Aging Organizations Directory"]</ref> IHS ifite icyicaro i Livoniya, muri Leta ya Michigan, itanga serivisi ku isi hose, ifasha abavuzi kumenya inzobere [[Akuma gafasha umuntu kumva|mu buhanga bwo kumva]] kugira ngo zipime ibibazo byo kumva, guhitamo no guhuza [[Akuma gafasha umuntu kumva|ibikoresho byo kumva]], no gutanga inkunga no gusana. <ref>International Hearing Society, [https://www.ihsinfo.org/about/ihs-overview "About"]</ref> IHS itera inkunga mu masomo muri audioprosthology. Ikora kandi operasiyo ya "Helpline Aid Helpline" y'igihugu itanga ibikoresho byamakuru kubijyanye n'abafite ubumuga bwo kutumva no gufasha kumenya inzobere mu gufasha kumva. <ref>[[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20121010082244/http://healthfinder.gov/orgs/HR0578.htm International Hearing Society - IHS]</ref> Sosiyete kandi itanga umurongo ngenderwaho w’inyigisho ku mpushya mpuzamahanga z’inzobere mu buvuzi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-05-15 |title=Study Guide - International Licensing Examination for Hearing Healthcare Professionals |url=https://doh.sd.gov/boards/audiology/assets/IHS_Study_Guide.pdf |access-date=2023-04-26}}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} apgtkts0d1yg56ll7akcriq9vihe00x 0 18020 140048 136739 2026-09-24T13:29:57Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140048 wikitext text/x-wiki Jean Felix AKINGENEYE, yavutse mumwaka wa 1995, avukira mu karere ka [[Rwamagana Solar Power Station|Rwamagana]]  mu [[intara]] y'iburasirazuba. Jean Felix, Jean Felix yakuriye mu Rwanda yiga. mu ishuri nderabarezi rya Bicumbi. nyuma yamasomo muri iryoshuri yakundaga gukina umukino w’amaboko ubu ni umunyeshuri muri university of kibogora polytechnic mnqmocbavjgsjzvwa5to5873apf3j2m 0 18056 139979 138221 2026-09-24T13:21:41Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139979 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Inside of Rwanda cultural house.jpg|thumb|igisenge]] '''Urusenge''' ni igice cy'inzu ya kinyarwanda, aho urugenge rwakundaga kuba mu igikoni, inzu batekeragamo, aho wasanga munsi y'urusenge hari iziko cyangwa se ishyiga bacanagaho, maze hakazamukira umuriro, ariwo watumaga ibintu byose biri kurusenge bitangirika, nk'inyama z'imiranzi, ibigori, nibidi. == Uko rukoze == Urusenge twabaga rukoze mu nibiti bigiye bitambitse bigenda bikinjira mu gikuta cy'inzu, ndetse nabyo bikaba biziritseho imbariro cyangwa se imbigo bikomeye bituma ibyo bashyize hejuru yabyo bitagwa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://yegob.rw/mbega-ikigare-tugenderamo-dore-ubusobanuro-bwo-kubaka-inzu-zifite-urusenge-rurerure-kadasiteri/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-03-19 |archive-date=2024-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319140229/https://yegob.rw/mbega-ikigare-tugenderamo-dore-ubusobanuro-bwo-kubaka-inzu-zifite-urusenge-rurerure-kadasiteri/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umuco]] 17tn4npmvp8mztvur73neh8qcmlz2h4 0 18062 140004 135656 2026-09-24T13:24:38Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umuvuba''' ni igikoresho mu muco nyarwanda, aho cyakoreshaga mu gucura ibikoresho bitandukanye bya kinyarwanda, harimo nka masuka, amacumu, imihoro, amafuni, imihoro, najoro, ishoka haba ku bishongesha cyangwa kuboroshya.<ref name=":0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EUiJUcnRZdc</ref> == Uko umeze == Umuvuba wa kinyarwanda wakoreshanga nu muntu witwa umuvushyi. aho yabaga avuguta ,aho wabaga ufite inzira zigera kuri ebyiri zose zanyuragamo umuyaga uhungiza, umuvuba ufite ibice bitandukanye harimo : Amacuba, isembe ry'umuvuba ameze nka mazuru, hari kandi inkero, hakaba n'amakara ashyirwamo icyo ushaka gutunganya.<ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umuco]] nq81pco4du2mdeb9e5ybfxpi8kgdc5o 0 18206 140109 116939 2026-09-25T09:07:40Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140109 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kigali2018Cropped.jpg|thumb|nkubana numunyarwandakazi wavukiye mumujyi wa kigali]] '''Janet Nkubana''' ni umunyarwandakazi uboha ibiseke. Azwiho akazi ko guhuza imbaraga z’abagore mu Rwanda mu gukora ibiseke bigurishwa muri Amerika. == Ubuzima bwo hambere == [[Dosiye:IBISEKE.jpg|thumb|Ibiseke]] Nkubana yakuriye mu nkambi y'impunzi muri [[Ubugande|Uganda]] kubera [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|itsembabwoko ryo mu Rwanda]]. Yabanje guhura no kuboha uduseke mu nkambi y'impunzi, yitegereza nyina n'abandi bagore bakora ibiseke. <ref name=":0" /> Amaze gukura, Nkubana na mushiki we Joy Ndungutse bayoboye resitora mu murwa mukuru wa Uganda, Kampala. <ref name=":0" /> Nkubana yahise ayobora hoteri mu murwa mukuru w'u Rwanda, [[Kigali]]. <ref name=":0" /> Nkubana yari afite amateka mu buhanzi kandi yibuka kubona nyina n'abandi bagore bo mu gace atuyemo akiri muto. <ref name=":0" /> [[Dosiye:Ibiseke.jpg|thumb|Nkubana aboha ibiseke]] == Umwuga == Nkubana Janet ni we washinze isosiyete yitwa " Gahaya Links " hamwe na mushiki we Ndungutse Joy. Isosiyete yashinzwe mu 2003 kandi yashinzwe mu 2004. Bakoresheje abagore bari abapfakazi mu gihe cya [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|jenoside yo mu Rwanda]] mu 1994. <ref name="Young 2006 d976">{{Cite web |last=Young |first=Robb |date=2006-02-23 |title=African artisans with global designs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/23/style/african-artisans-with-global-designs.html?searchResultPosition=1 |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> Yatangiye kugurisha ibyo biseke ku masoko ya fla maze atangira kubyohereza muri [[Ubugande|Uganda]], [[Kenya]], [[Tanzaniya]], na Amerika. Gahaya Links yafatanije na EDImports gukora ibitebo kumasoko ya USA. Mu 2004 Gahaya Links yakoze ibitebo 12,000 kumasoko yo muri Amerika kandi igurishwa ryarenze 50.000 by'amadorale. <ref name=":1" /> Muri 2005 " Gahaya Links " yahujwe na Willa Shalit kugirango habe ubufatanye nububiko bwa Macy's . Kohereza ibicuruzwa bya mbere byagurishijwe mugihe kitarenze ukwezi mububiko bwa Macy. <ref name=":1" /> Kugeza mu 2012, Nkubana yakoresheje abagore barenga 4000 bakora mu gukora ibiseke. Bamwe bita ibiseke byakozwe nisosiyete ya Nkubana 'ibitebo byamahoro' kubera ko abagore bakora ibiseke bakomoka mumiryango yarwanaga muri jenoside yo mu 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ellis |first=Jessica |last2=Lillian |first2=Leposo |date=2012-06-19 |title=Rwandan basketmakers weave their way into Macy's |url=https://www.cnn.com/2012/06/19/world/africa/rwanda-women-peace-baskets/index.html |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> == Ibihembo n'icyubahiro == Muri 2008, Nkubana yasangiye igihembo cya Afurika cyo kuba yarafashije kugirango inzara ishire hamwena Faiza Jama Mohamed. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2008-10-30 |title=Award is for all Rwandans – laureate winner |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/12784/National/award-is-for-all-rwandans-a-laureate-winner |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=The New Times |language=en}}</ref> Yaboye igihembo cya Afurika muri 2008. == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] o7g1a3cakwoy170dsebumvria9e8w4a 0 18207 140139 135345 2026-09-25T09:11:11Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140139 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Umufana wa Rayon Sport.jpg|thumb|Umufana wa rayon sport]] [[Dosiye:By-map-fr.png|thumb|keza numurundikazi yavukiye iburundi anakurirayo]] '''Keza Anglique''' ni umunyarwandandakazi w'avukiye mu burundi, akaba ari umukinnyi w'umupira w'amaguru mu bagore.Keza Angelique ubu akinira ikipe ya reyon sport y'abagore, uyu akaba yarakiniraga ikipe y'inyemera nyuma aza kuza muri reyon sport y'abagore, aho yatsinze ibitego bigera kuri 49.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2023/10/rayon-yabagore-yaguze-abakinnyi-batatu-barimo-ka-boy/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-04-07 |archive-date=2024-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407134154/https://umuseke.rw/2023/10/rayon-yabagore-yaguze-abakinnyi-batatu-barimo-ka-boy/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] 0gujwdo9yxwysdg202m1kxp5e62hdbk 0 18229 139958 138222 2026-09-24T13:19:12Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ntawutarama Deborah''' ni umugore akaba ari umunyarwandakazi uzobereye mu gukina imikono igiye itandukanye harimo imikini y'amaboko. Ntawutarama Deborah akiniye ikipe ya KEPLER WOMEN, mu marushanwa agiye atandukanye. Ntawutarama Deborah yakinnye shampiyona y’igihugu ya Basketball I tegurwa FERWABA, Ishyirahamwe rya Basketball mu Rwanda, ndetse nibindi bikombe bitandukanye harimo igikombe cy'amahoro, igikombe cya gaciro, n' igikombe gitegurwa na FIBA Women's AfroBasket. Ntawutarama Deborah yitabiriye amarushanwa agiye tandukanye ku rwego rwa afurika nki rushanwa ry'imikino ya shampion league mu mukino wa basketball y'[[Umugore|abagore]]. Ntawutarama Deborah ni umukinnyi w'ikipe y'igihugu yabasketball y'abagore.<ref>https://ferwaba.web.geniussports.com/competitions/?WHurl=%2Fcompetition%2F37985%2Fleaders</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Siporo ya basketball]] 03jyorok99frul37kqaidnpb1fare1j 0 18234 140025 104237 2026-09-24T13:27:13Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140025 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Akariza Nelly''' ni umugore akaba ari umunyarwandakazi mu gukina imikono igiye itandukanye harimo imikini y'amaboko, yakiniye ikipe agiye atandukanye ubu akinira ikipe ya KEPLER WOMEN mu marushanwa agiye atandukanye. Yakinnye shampiyona y’igihugu ya Basketball I tegurwa FERWABA, Ishyirahamwe rya Basketball mu Rwanda, ndetse nibindi bikombe bitandukanye harimo igikombe cy'amahoro, igikombe cya gaciro, n' igikombe gitegurwa na FIBA Women's AfroBasket. Yitabiriye amarushanwa agiye tandukanye ku rwego rwa afurika nki rushanwa ry'imikino ya shampion league mu mukino wa basketball y'[[Umugore|abagore]]. Ni umukinnyi w'ikipe y'igihugu yabasketball y'abagore.<ref>https://ferwaba.web.geniussports.com/competitions/?WHurl=%2Fcompetition%2F37985%2Fleaders</ref> == Reba == [[Ikiciro:Siporo ya basketball]] tt94fm0mk8a1og1kwtsw961hj6hhvgb 0 18248 139959 112939 2026-09-24T13:19:19Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139959 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Girls practicing sport after Covid-19 lockdown in Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Abakinnyi ba Basketball]] [[Dosiye:Université nationale du Rwanda à Butare.JPG|thumb|Mutembanshushu asigaye akinira UR WBBC ya Kaminuza y'u Rwanda]] '''Mutembanshushu Uwase Divine''' ni umugore akaba ari [[Rwanda|umunyarwandakazi]] mu gukina imikono igiye itandukanye harimo imikini y'amaboko, yakiniye ikipe agiye atandukanye ubu akinira ikipe ya UR BBC Women mu marushanwa agiye atandukanye. Yakinnye shampiyona y’igihugu ya Basketball I tegurwa [[FERWAFA|FERWABA]], Ishyirahamwe rya Basketball mu Rwanda, ndetse nibindi bikombe bitandukanye harimo igikombe cy'amahoro, igikombe cya gaciro, n' igikombe gitegurwa na FIBA Women's AfroBasket. Yitabiriye amarushanwa agiye tandukanye ku rwego rwa afurika nki rushanwa ry'imikino ya shampion league mu mukino wa basketball y'[[Umugore|abagore]]. Ni umukinnyi w'ikipe y'igihugu yabasketball y'abagore.<ref>https://ferwaba.web.geniussports.com/competitions/?WHurl=%2Fcompetition%2F37985%2Fleaders</ref> == Reba == [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Siporo ya basketball]] c70mt9bsa4siq35qrpsfscu8teno6p2 0 18298 140049 119475 2026-09-24T13:30:05Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Something to live for''''' ni alubumu ya kane ya studio yumuririmbyi wo muri Nijeriya Phyno. Yasohotse ku ya 12 Ugushyingo 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Phyno releases fourth studio album 'Something to live for' - P.M. News |url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2021/11/13/phyno-releases-fourth-studio-album-something-to-live-for/ |access-date=2021-12-19 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Iyi alubumu y'indirimbo 16 imara iminota mirongo itanu n'itanu, kandi igaragaramo Flavour, Cavemen, Olamide, D Smoke, Peruzzi, Jay Teazer, J Dess, Bee Pee, Pappy Kojo na Anjulite. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-12 |title=LISTEN: Phyno enlists Olamide, Flavour for 'Something To Live For' album |url=http://lifestyle.thecable.ng/listen-phyno-something-to-live-for-album/ |access-date=2021-12-19 |website=TheCable Lifestyle |language=en-US}}</ref> Ubusesenguzi bw'amajwi bwakozwe na Chillz, Rexxie, Masterkraft, Ransombeatz, Blaq Jerzee, TYMG, Eli, Runcheck, Marvie, Soularge na Flengy. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Alake |first=Motolani |date=2021-11-08 |title=The Cavemen, Olamide, D Smoke, Peruzzi, Flavour and more to feature on Phyno's fourth solo studio album |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/the-cavemen-olamide-d-smoke-peruzzi-flavour-and-more-to-feature-on-phynos-something/p2qf3ns |access-date=2021-12-19 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> Swaps, STG, MixMonster, Exraordinaire na Jaysynths bakoze ibyerekeranye kuvanga amajwi no gukora kuburyo bifite injyana. <ref name=":0" /> == Indirimbo yasohoye wenyine == Ku ya 9 Nyakanga 2021, Phyno yasohoye "Bia" hamwe na videwo yayo nk'imwe kuri alubumu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Edeme |first=Victoria |date=2021-07-10 |title=Fans hail Phyno on new song 'Bia' |url=https://punchng.com/fans-hail-phyno-on-new-song-bia/ |access-date=2021-12-19 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> Motolani Alake wo muri ''Pulse Nijeriya'' yavuze ko iyi alubumu ari nk'imyitozo ya Phyno mu ngingo zikuze zijyanye no gushimira, urugendo rwe, urukundo, ibihombo, ubwirasi n'ibindi. Twabonye kandi ko alubumu ari ndende cyane kubera ifite indirmbo 16 n'iminota 55, kandi ko "Paracetamol", "Love Me Right" na "Bia" bitari bikenewe. Album byarangiye ihawe amanota ya 6.1/10. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Alake |first=Motolani |date=2021-11-15 |title=Phyno's ''Something To Live For'' produces great highs and mixed feelings [Pulse Album Review] |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/review-phyno-something-to-live-for-album/j0sychn |access-date=2021-12-19 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> Joy Dennis wo muri ''Naijaloaded'' yayihayeamanota 7/10, yongeraho ko iyi alubumu ari ikintu muzika yari yarabuze kandi ko ari nko "Guhumeka umwuka mwiza". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dennis |first=Joy |date=2021-11-13 |title=On ''Something To Live For'', Phyno Is The Godfather — Album Review |url=https://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/reviews/on-something-to-live-for-phyno-is-the-godfather-album-review |access-date=2021-12-21 |website=Naijaloaded {{!}} Nigeria's Most Visited Music & Entertainment Website |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-12-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221112915/https://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/reviews/on-something-to-live-for-phyno-is-the-godfather-album-review |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Urutonde rw'indirimbo == == Referanse == [[Ikiciro:Alubumu za 2021]] [[Ikiciro:Alubumu za Phyno]] [[Ikiciro:Alubumu zo mu rurimi rwa Igbo]] [[Ikiciro:Umuziki]] 4r6yztuxrrc038ud1r4gxhlozx11ha3 0 18500 140123 111908 2026-09-25T09:09:19Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140123 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Robben Island Prison 6.jpg|thumb]] Minisiteri y'Ubuzima mu Rwanda iravuga ko habonetse undi mubare munini w'abanyururu banduye Covid-19 noneho bakaba batahuwe muri gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali. Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27. '''Minisiteri y'ubuzima mu Rwanda iravuga ko habonetse undi mubare munini w'abanyururu banduye Covid-19 noneho bakaba batahuwe muri gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali.''' [[Dosiye:Prison Bars (5997920696).jpg|thumb]] Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya nsinda iri muri rwamagana yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27. Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27. Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. [[Dosiye:Block, Maximum Security Prison, Robben Island (02).jpg|thumb]] Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27.Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27. Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. [[Dosiye:Fencing and spotlight at Robben Island maximum security prison.jpg|thumb]] Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27.Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27. Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27.Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. [[Dosiye:Maximum security prison, Robben Island, South Africa (5).jpg|thumb]] Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27.Aba banyururu banduye baje bakurikira abandi batahuwe muri gereza ya Nsinda iri mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Umubare w'abandura ukomeje kwiyongera mu magereza wateye impungenge ko ibi bigo bicumbikiye imfungwa bishobora kuba byugarijwe by'umwihariko. Imibare y'ubwandu bushya itangazwa buri mugoroba yerekanye ko abashya banduye ku munsi w'ejo ari 50 mu gihugu cyose, gereza ya Mageragere iri mu mujyi wa Kigali yonyine ikaba yabaruye abanduye 27. Abari muri iyi gereza bavuga ko bafashwe neza;babona ubuvuzi uko bikwiye,bahabwa uburezi bw'ibanze ku bana bavukiramo, abakuru biga nko kubaza, kudoda n'ibindi. Ibyo babyigishanya<ref>edit</ref> hagati yabo. https://www.bbc.com/gahuza 6meqhdrlejkaizbzmfdbml85dev27np 0 18783 140196 122077 2026-09-25T11:54:40Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140196 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kigeli I Mukobanya''' ni [[Urutonde rw'Abami bayoboye u Rwanda|umwami]] w'Ubwami [[ABAMI BATEGETSE U RWANDA|bw'u Rwanda]] kuva mu 1378 IC kugeza 1418 mbere y'ivuka rya Yesu kristo. Ingoma ye yaranzwe no kwinjira no gutungurwa hafi y'ingoro ye yari i [[Kigali]], ni ngabo z'umwami ''Cwamali'' wu Bunyoro muri [[Ubugande|Uganda]]. Kigeli hamwe n'umuhungu we Sekarongoro I bakoze urugamba rwo kwirwanaho ingabo za Cwamali hafi yu mujyi wa Kigali. Sekarongoro I Mutabazi yakomeretse ku gahanga n'amaraso bituma ingabo z'u Rwanda zisubira inyuma. Umwami Kigeli I Mukobanya yavuye mu ngoro ye n'inka ze yongera guhagarara hakurya [[Umugezi wa Nyabarongo|y'umugezi wa Nyabarongo]]. Ingabo za Cwamali zatwitse inzu ye zitera [[igiti]] cy'intsinzi i Runda. Bahise bambuka uruzi bakurikira Kigeli I. Kuri iyi nshuro ingabo za Kigeli I Mukobanya zongeye kwisubiraho maze zigarura igitero gikomeye. Ingabo za Bunyoro zahitanye abantu benshi no gutsindwa gukomeye. Bamwe bafashwe ari imbohe z'intambara. Abashimusi ba Banyoro baciwe intoki n'amano hanyuma basubira i Bunyoro nk'ubutumwa bwo gutera ubwoba Umwami Cwamali. Intiti zitandukanye zigenga, zisobanura Kigeli I Mukobanya kuba yaratsinze akanategeka Bunyoro na Buganda kuko bivugwa ko yashyizwe ku rutonde rwa ''Kigala Mukabya'' mu mateka ya Buganda.<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/menya-inkomoko-y-izina-kigali-umurwa-mukuru-w-u-rwanda</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Abami b’u Rwanda]] nwarw64qy9wawdph6vj45dcbzqfeiud 0 18866 140099 138912 2026-09-25T09:06:30Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140099 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Rugezi wetland (cropped).jpg|thumb|Igishanga cya Rugezi]] Igishanga cya Rugezi n' icyanya gikomye kikaba indiri y' urusobe rw' ibinyabuzima ndetse n' icumbi ry' inyamanswa nk'inyoni z'imisambi n' incenceberi ndetse n'izindi zinyuranye, kikaba gifitiye akamaro abagituriye n' igihugu muri rusange. AHO GIHEREREYE Urugezi ni igishanga giherereye mu karere ka Burera mu majyaruguru y'u Rwanda, gikikijwe n' [[Imirenge y’u Rwanda|imirenge]] ya Butaro, Rwerere, Rusarabuye, Kivuye, Ruhunde na Gatebe yo mu karere ka Burera ndetse n'indi ibiri yo mu karere ka Gicumbi ariyo miyove na nyankenke.^[1]igishanga cy’Urugezi, kigeze kwangirika amashanyarazi arabura cyane, bityo Leta imaze kugisana arongera araboneka.''Mu Rwanda hari amoko atatu y’ibishanga: ibishanga bikomye, ibishanga bikoreshwa habanje gufata imigambi yo kubirengera, n’ibishanga byakoreshwa nta kibazo. Muri byo Kamiranzovu, Rugezi n’Akagera ntibyemerewe guhingwamo.'' ''ICYO KIMARIYE ABATURAGE NA LETA'' [[Dosiye:Florida freshwater swamp usgov image.jpg|thumb]] Urugezi nk' icyanya gikomye ni igicumbi cy' ubukerarugendo ndetse kikaba gicumbikiye inyoni twavuga nk' [[imisambi]] n'izindi, kandi nanone kikagira n' umugezi wa Rugezi amazi yawo niyo atanga amashanyarazi ku rugomero rwa ntaruka ndetse akanisuka mu kiyaga cya Burera. Igishanga cya Rugezi, giherereye mu karere ka Burera, usanga gikungahaye ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima birimo ibyatsi bitohagiye, hakiberamo amoko y’inyoni yitwa inceberi zitaboneka ahandi ku Isi kandi zikunzwe n’abakerarugendo, gitanga kandi amazi menshi akoreshwa mu rugomero rwa Ntaruka akanatanga umugezi wa Mukungwa.Iki gishanga avuga ko ari umutungo kamere ufitiye igihugu akamaro, bityo abagituriye kuri ubu ntibakigihinga kuko kera wasangaga hanakorwamo ubuhinzi n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibidukikije yavuze ko igishanga cya Rugezi kiri mu bikomye, kandi nta wemerewe kugihingamo kuko rimwe abaturage bigeze kugihingamo bituma umuriro w’amashanyarazi uba muke mu gihe amazi y’iki gishanga ari yo atanga urugomero rwa Ntaruka. Amashakiro <ref>[[RUGEZI SWAMP]]</ref> <ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibungabunga/article/rema-irasaba-abaturiye-igishanga-cya-rugezi-kugifata-neza</ref> <ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/umutekano/imbere-mu-gihugu/article/burera-inkuba-yatumye-igishanga-cya-rugezi-gifatwa-n-inkongi-y-umuriro</ref> m6dw1wkm0xurl0h297hoogldvinx48q 0 18869 139972 108967 2026-09-24T13:20:50Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139972 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kivu_lake_view_from_Rutsiro_tea_plantations.jpg|thumb| Ibihingwa bya RutsiroTea]] '''Umusaruro w'icyayi mu [[Rwanda]]''' ukomoka mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, igihe abamisiyonari b'Abadage binjizaga muri iki gihugu igihingwa by'icyayi. Kuva icyo gihe, uruganda rw’icyayi mu Rwanda rwateye imbere, ruhindura igihugu giteye imbere mu gutanga icyayi muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Muri iki gihe, imirima y’icyayi ikwirakwiriye mu gihugu, aho uturere two mu burengerazuba bwa [[Akarere ka Rutsiro|Rutsiro]], [[Akarere ka Nyamasheke|Nyamasheke]], na [[Akarere ka Nyabihu|Nyabihu]] ari two duhinga icyayi cya mbere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=About Rwanda Tea |url=https://naeb.gov.rw/index.php?id=45 |access-date=2024-07-14 |archive-date=2023-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515224815/https://naeb.gov.rw/index.php?id=45 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tea – Visit Rwanda |url=https://www.visitrwanda.com/interests/tea/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ikirere n'ubutaka == [[Dosiye:Orthodox_variety_from_Rutsiro_tea_factory.jpg|thumb| Icyayi]] Igihingwa cy'icyayi mu Rwanda kigira umumaro mu buryo bwinshi harimo ubutumburuke,ubutaka bw'ibirunga,ndetse n'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere.Ubujyejuru bw'igihugu mu ngero za metero 1000 kugeza 4500 bitanga uburyo bwo guhinga icyayi hagati ya metero1800 an 2800. Ubutaka bw'ibirunga bukungahaye ku ntungamubiri butanga uburyohe butandukanye bwicyayi cyu Rwanda, butandukanya icyayi ahandi. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=1–38}}</ref> == Ubwoko == Mu gihugu ahambere Hakora cyane icyayi muri [[Akarere ka Rutsiro|Rutsiro]], ikozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa orotodogisi burimo gusoroma, kusekura, no kumisha amababi y'icyayi. Iyo nzira yo gutunganya icyayi ni igisubizo cy'uburyohe n'intungamubiri by'icyayi kuburyo gikungahaye kandi ari igikombe cyuzuye. [[Dosiye:Rwanda Mountain Tea.jpg|thumb|Uruganda rutunganya icyayi]] Icyayi cy'umukara ni ubwoko butandukanye cyane, icyakora igihugu nacyo gitanga [[Icyayi cya te veri|icyayi kibisi]] buri kimwe gifite uburyohe butandukanye. == Kuramba hamwe n'ingaruka z'imibereho == [[Dosiye:Rutsiro_tea_factory_early_child_development_center.jpg|thumb| Uruganda rwicyayi rwa Rutsiro ikigo cyambere cyiterambere ryabana]] Rumwe mu nganda ruzwi ku izina rya Rwanda Mountain Tea LTD yagize uruhare mu guteza imbere ibikorwa birambye by’ingaruka z’imibereho y'abana ,binyuze mu bigo byita ku bana kuri buri miryango yose ikora mu buhinzi bw’icyayi. n'ibikorwa nka Rainforest Alliance hamwe n'ubucuruzi bwiza (Fairtrade) impamya bushobozi gutunganya icyayi mu Rwanda ,bishyira imbere uburyo bwo guhinga ,no kwita ku bidukikije, ndetse no kubungabunga urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima no gucunga ubutaka. ubu buryo butuma umusaruro w'icyayi wa burigihe uramba mugihe ufasha abaturage baho neza bakagira amahirwe y'ubuvuzi no kwiga. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gisakura Tea Plantation, Rwanda Gisakura Tea Plantation |url=https://www.insidenyungwenationalpark.com/visit-gisakura-tea-plantation/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=Inside Nyungwe National Park |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kumenyekana kwisi yose == [[Dosiye:Rwanda Mountain Tea Products.jpg|thumb|Icyayi cy'uruganda Rwanda Mountain Tea]] Icyayi cy'u Rwanda cyamenyekanye ku rwego mpuzamahanga kubera ubwiza bwihariye n'ibikigize. Icyayi cyamamaye mu marushanwa akomeye y’icyayi, bikurura abantu bamenyereye n'abaguzi ku isi. Isoko ry'icyayi cy'u Rwanda rikomeje kwiyongera uko ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bigera mu bihugu byinshi birimo Amerika, Ubwongereza, Ubudage, Pakisitani, n'Ubuyapani. == Reba == [[Ikiciro:Ubuhinzi mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Icyayi Cy' u Rwanda]] 54842hrlkbw9kx2ghini7ov3igyikv7 0 19229 139973 137574 2026-09-24T13:20:58Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139973 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umuganura mu Karere ka Rwamagana''' ni ibihe abanyarwanda bahura maze bagasangira ibyo bejeje ibyo byose bigakorwa ku umunsi w’Umuganura mu [[Akarere ka Rwamagana|Karere ka Rwamagana]] wizihirijwe hirya no hino mu mirenge 14, aho ku rwego rw’Akarere wizihirijwe mu Murenge wa Musha; ni umunsi waranzwe no kwishimira umusaruro wabonetse no gusangira.<ref name=":0">https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/rwamagana-ibyaranze-umunsi-wumuganuraamafoto/</ref> == Umuganura == Umuganura mu Karere ka Rwamagana ni Umuganura, isoko y’ubumwe n’ishingiro ryo kwigira: Tuganure dushyigikira gahunda yo kugaburira abana ku ishuri, niho n'abandi bayobozi basangiye n’abaturage n’abana, kuri uyu munsi wari ufite iyo nsanganyamatsiko. Rero umuganura tuwukomora mu mateka yacu nk’Abanyarwanda. Umuganura ntugarukira mu gusangira, ni n’umwanya wo kuzirikana umutima w’Abanyarwanda n’uburyo twishakamo ibisubizo.<ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Icyaro]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] [[Ikiciro:Rwamagana]] 2m0tbwk6ozo0nglp2boiaolft4y8duk 0 19285 140052 134895 2026-09-24T13:30:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140052 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Bugesera district map.jpg|thumb|Ikarita y'akarere ka Bugesera ]] [[Akarere ka Bugesera]] gaherereye mu [[Intara y'Iburasirazuba|Ntara y'Uburasirazuba]] bw'u [[Rwanda]], kagizwe n'Imirenge cumi n'itanu (15), Utugari mirongo irindwi na tubiri (72), ndetse n'imidugudu magana atanu na mirongo inani n'umwe (581). Aha turibanda ku mirenge mu gihe wakwifuza amakuru wakwifashisha nomero za terelefone z'abayobozi kuva ku karere kugeza ku mudugudu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bugesera.gov.rw/default-05333b7a14 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-08-28 |archive-date=2024-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502214410/https://www.bugesera.gov.rw/default-05333b7a14 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[[:en:Bugesera_District#:~:text=Bugesera%20district%20is%20divided%20into,%2C%20Ruhuha%2C%20Rweru%20and%20Shyara.|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugesera_District#:~:text=Bugesera%20district%20is%20divided%20into,%2C%20Ruhuha%2C%20Rweru%20and%20Shyara.]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/imirenge-yose-yo-muri-bugesera-yahawe-aba-gitifu-bashya/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-08-28 |archive-date=2025-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250228094507/https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/imirenge-yose-yo-muri-bugesera-yahawe-aba-gitifu-bashya/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Urutonde rw'Imirenge == === Umurenge wa Nyamata === [[Nyamata]] ni umurenge w'umugi, ndetse ni naho ibiro bikuru by'akarere ka Bugesera kubatse, ukaba igizwe n'utugari dutanu Kanazi, Nyamata Ville, Kayumba, Maranyundo, Murama, mu gihe wakwifuza amakuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Ntarama === [[Umurenge wa Ntarama|Ntarama]] ni umurenge w'umugi nawo, cyane ko ariwo murenge ushyikiramo iyo uturutse i Kigali uza i Bugesera unyuze mu muhanda wa kaburimbo, ukaba igizwe n'utugari dutatu aritwo Cyugaro, Kanzenze, Kibungo, uyu Murenge ufite ubuso bunini budatuwe ndetse ukaba ukeneye abashora imari yabo cyane mu buhinzi mu gihe wakwifuza amakuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Mayange === Mayange ni Umurenge w'umugi nawo, cyane ko hagiye hashyira ibikorwa by'iterambere bitandukanye kubera umushinga wa Millemium Village Project wakoreyemo, uyu murenge unyurwamo n'umuhanda wa kaburimbo ukaba igizwe n'utugari dutanu aritwo Kibenga, Kagenge, Gakamba, Kabirizi, Mbyo. Uyu murenge ufite ubuso bunini budatuwe ndetse ukaba ukeneye abashora imari yabo cyane mu buhinzi mu gihe wakwifuza amakuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Musenyi === Musenyi ni umurenge ugaragara nk'icyaro, nubwo ufite abaturage benshi, imishinga itandukanye iri kuwukorerwamo cyane uwo kuwugezamo amashanyarazi ukaba igizwe n'utugari tune aitwo Musenyi, Gicaca, Rulindo, Nyagihunika. Mu buhinzi uyu murenge uteye imbere cyane kubera ukikijwe n'amazi mu gihe wakwifuza amakuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Mwogo === Mwogo ni umurenge ugaragara nk'icyaro, ukorerwamo cyane ubuhinzi ku buso buhuje ku muceri mu gishanga cya rurambi, ndetse n'urutoke, ukaba ukorerwamo cyane n'imirimo y'ubworozi ukaba igizwe n' utugari tune Rurenge, Bitaba, Rugunga na Kagasa buhinzi uyu murenge uteye imbere cyane kubera ukikijwe n'amazi mu gihe wakwifuza amakuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Juru === [[Umurenge wa Juru|Juru]] ni Umurenge ugaragara nk'icyaro, ukorerwamo cyane ubuhinzi ku buso buhuje ku rutoke, ukaba ukorerwamo cyane n'imirimo y'ubworozi bw'inzuki, ndetse hakaba hagaragara amabuye meza y'ubwibatsi atandukanye ukaba igizwe n' utugari dutanu Kabukuba, Mugorore, Juru, Rwinume, na Musovu ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Rilima === [[Rilima]] ni Umurenge ufite ibiyaga byinshi, ukorerwamo cyane ubuhinzi ku buso buhuje ku bishyimbo n'ibigoro, ukaba uteganywa kubakwamo ikibuga cy'indege  ugizwe n' utugari dutanu Nyabagendwa, Kabeza, Kimaranzara, Karera, na Ntarama ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Gashora === [[Gashora]] ni Umurenge ukorerwamo cyane ubuhinzi ku buso buhuje ku bishyimbo n'ibigoro, ukaba ugizwe n'utugari dutanu Biryogo, Kabuye, Kagomasi, Mwendo, na Ramiro ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Rweru === Rweru ni Umurenge  ukorerwamo cyane ubuhinzi ku buso buhuje ku bishyimbo n'ibigoro, ukaba ugizwe n'utugari dutanu Sharita, Batima, Kintambwe, Mazane (Abaturage bakimuwemo kubera kari mu manegeka), Nemba, Nkanga ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. Umurenge wa Kamabaye Kamabuye ni Umurenge uherereye ku mupaka w'uRwanda n'uBurundi ukorerwamo cyane ubuhinzi ku buso bw'imyumbati n'ibigo buhuje, ukaba ugizwe n'utugari dutanu Burenge, Biharagu, Nyakayaga, Tunda, na Kampeka hakaba hari ibiyaga bifasha aribyo cyohohaha, ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Ngeruka === Ngeruka ni Umurenge uherereye ukaba ufite ubuso bunini, ndetse hagakorerwa ibikorwa bitandukanye cyane cyane ubuhinzi bw'imyumbati umurenge ugizwe n'utugari dutanu Murama, Rutonde, Ngeruka, Nyakayenzi, na Gihembe ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Ruhuha === Ruhuha ni Umurenge uteye imbere ukaba ugaragari nk'ihuriro ry'Imirenge ya Ngeruka, Shyara, Mareba, hakorerwa ibikorwa cyane by'ubucuruzi, ariko ubuhinzi buteye imbere harimo umuceri (Hari uruganda ry'Umuceri) cyane cyane ubuhinzi bw'imbuto (Inyanya, Ubunyobwa, imyebwe) ugizwe n'utugari dutanu Ruhuha, Bihari, Kindama, Gikundamvura, na Gatanga ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Mareba === Mareba ni Umurenge ukorerwamo ubuhinzi cyane bw'umuceri kuko hagaragara ibishanga bitanduakanye bikorerwamo ubuhinzi bw'umuceri, hakaba hari igishanga kinini cyo gukamura kugingo hakorerwemo ibikorwa by'ubuhinzi bishobora gutanga umusaruro uhagije, ugizwe n'utugari dutanu Gakomeye, Bushenyi, Nyamigina, Rango, na Rugarama ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Shyara === Shyara ni Umurenge ukorerwamo ubuhinzi cyane bw'umuceri, ndetse hakaba n'ubutaka bwiza butanga amatafari y'ubwubatsi, ukaba uhana urubibe n'akarere ka Nyanza mu majyepfo ukaba ugizwe n'utugari dutanu Nziranziza, Rebero, Kamabuye, Rutare, na Kabagugu ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. === Umurenge wa Nyarugenge === [[Umurenge wa Nyarugenge|Nyarugenge]] ni Umurenge ukorerwamo ubuhinzi cyane bw'imyumbando, ndetse, ukaba uhana ukaba ugizwe n'utugari dutanu Murambi, Ngenda, Gihinga, Kabuye, na Rugando ku yandi makuru ukaba wakwifashisha nomero zatazwe haruguru. == Indanganturo == [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Bugesera]] [[Ikiciro:Imirenge y’u Rwanda]] {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Intara y'uburengerazuba]] lpj7k6ucqpa2cokr8b7cm8nfxrpmf49 0 19400 139974 122016 2026-09-24T13:21:05Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{merge|Gael Faye}} '''Gaël Faye''' ( Yavutse ku ya 6 Kanama 1982 ) ni [[Rwanda|Umunyarwanda]] akaba ari umuririmbyi w’umufaransa, umuraperi, n'umwanditsi w'ibitabo indirimbo n'afilimi zitandukanye. == Ubuzima bwite == Faye yavukiye i [[Bujumbura]], [[Uburundi|mu Burundi]], kwa se [[Ubufaransa|w'umufaransa]] na nyina w'u Rwanda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Africiné – Gaël Faye – Quand deux fleuves se rencontrent |url=http://www.africine.org/film/gael-faye-quand-deux-fleuves-se-rencontrent/23490 |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=Africiné |language=fr}}</ref> Yimukiye mu Bufaransa afite imyaka 13, ahunga intambara yo mu Burundi. Yize ubukungu n’imari. <ref name="Portrait lejdd">{{Cite web |last=Le JDD |first= |date=11 September 2016 |title=PORTRAIT. Gaël Faye, l'écriture pour la vie |url=https://www.lejdd.fr/culture/portrait-gael-faye-lecriture-pour-la-vie-103892 |access-date=2024-07-22 |website=lejdd.fr |language=fr}}</ref> Arubatse, afite abakobwa babiri. <ref name="Portrait lejdd"/> == Igitabo == Faye yanditse [[igitabo]] yatewe inkunga n'uburambe bwe mu myaka y'ubwangavu ku ntambara yo mu Burundi. <ref name="World Literature Today">{{Cite web |last=Cordova |first=Sarah Davies |date=15 June 2018 |title=Petit pays by Gaël Faye |url=https://www.worldliteraturetoday.org/2018/july/petit-pays-gael-faye |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=World Literature Today |language=en}}</ref> ''Igihugu gito'' ( ''Petit Pays'' ) <ref name="Portrait lejdd"/> cyasohowe bwa mbere mu Bufaransa muri Kanama 2016 na Grasset. Yatsindiye ibihembo bitanu byubuvanganzo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 June 2022 |title=Gaël Faye |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ga%C3%ABl_Faye&oldid=194645030 |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=Wikipédia |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name="World Literature Today" /> Yahinduwe mu ndimi 36 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Grey |first=Tobias |date=29 May 2018 |title=A French-Rwandan Rap Star Turned Novelist From Burundi |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/29/books/gael-faye-small-country.html |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> ikorerwa muri firime, yasohotse muri 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barbier |first=Eric |date=28 August 2020 |title=Petit pays |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt9665968/ |access-date=2022-06-19 |publisher=Jerico, Super 8 Production, Pathé |type=Drama}}</ref> == Umuziki == Mu mwaka wa 2010, Faye na Edgar Sekloka basohoye alubumu ya rap na hip-hop yitwa ''Amata Kawa n'Isukari'' (n'izina ry'itsinda ryabo). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Milk Coffee & Sugar – Milk Coffee & Sugar |url=https://www.discogs.com/release/2484505-Milk-Coffee-Sugar-Milk-Coffee-Sugar |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=Discogs |language=en}}</ref> Faye yahise asohora alubumu eshatu wenyine na EP imwe: ''Pili Pili sur un Croissant au Beurre'' (2013), Des fleurs EP (2014) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Africiné – Gaël Faye – Quand deux fleuves se rencontrent |url=http://www.africine.org/film/gael-faye-quand-deux-fleuves-se-rencontrent/23490 |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=Africiné |language=fr}}</ref> ''Lundi Méchant'' (2020) na ''Mauve Jacaranda'' (2022). ''Lundi Méchant'' yagiye zahabu muri 2022. == Filime == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" |Umwaka ! scope="col" | Umutwe ! scope="col" | Uruhare ! scope="col" | Inyandiko ! scope="col" | Réf. |- ! scope="row" | 2022 | ''U Rwanda: Amagambo yo guceceka'' | | Andika kandi uyobore | align="center" | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda: Words of SIlence |url=https://javafilms.fr/film/rwanda-words-of-silence/ |access-date=12 June 2024 |website=Java Films}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | 2024 | ''Abanyamurwango'' | MC Orangutan | Uruhare rw'ijwi | align="center" | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sauvages |url=https://www.annecyfestival.com/en/the-festival/official-selection/competition/2024/longs-metrages/sauvages |access-date=12 June 2024 |website=Annecy International Animated Film Festival |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612194640/https://www.annecyfestival.com/en/the-festival/official-selection/competition/2024/longs-metrages/sauvages |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} == Ibihembo == * 2023 : Igihembo kinini cya rubanda mu iserukiramuco rya documentaire y'ubutabera Paris == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Filime nyarwanda]] 0ymsckxadep0vgwfe91hldkefxppfa7 0 19433 140067 138400 2026-09-25T09:02:47Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140067 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndahiro Gilbert''' ni umukinnyi wa filime ukomoka mu gihugu cyu [[Rwanda]] ariko akaba atuye muri Leta zunze ubumwe za [[Amerika]], Gilbert akaba akurikirana impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu ishuri rikomeye rya kaminuza rikuru rya Columbia i New York. Ndahayo akaba yarashinze sociyete ya sinema muri 2006 ubwo yabonaga umwanya wo gukora filime ya mbere yitwa Inkovu zo mu minsi yanjye ', ku bufatanye n'Ikigo cya Suwede yabereye mu Rwanda.<ref name=":0">https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/61089/Leisure/gilbert-ndahayo-takes-his-film-skills-to-another-level</ref> == Ibindi == Ndahiro kandi arimo ashyira hamwe izindi filime ebyiri muri firimi zerekana ikinamico rya kera, nka HBO y'Abanyamerika kugirango bakore filimi zishingiye ku nkuru zo muri Afurika.<ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] ho1olnzrfmqh3icbjqjf1px94eeencc 0 19472 139988 118057 2026-09-24T13:22:44Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139988 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Groupe .Scolaire de Muhang'''a ni ikicyo cy'amashuri y'sumbuye kibarizwa muri mu [[Akarere ka Muhanga|karere ka Muhanga]] mi [[Intara y'amajyepfo|intara y'amajyepho]] yu [[Rwanda]], aho gihereyeye muri murenge wa Kamabuye aha hahoze ari muri Gitarama. GGroupe .Scolaire de Muhanga ifite ibyiciro bitandukanye by'abanyeyshuri, aha twavuga abiga mu mashuri y'ishuke azwi nka nusery, hagakurikiraho amashuri abanza nka primeri, ndetse hari n'icyiciro rusange ndetse na boading.<ref>https://umuseke.rw/2023/10/muhanga-gs-gitarama-yakuyeho-ifunguro-ryabarimu-biteza-intugunda/</ref> '''Amashakiro''' [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] [[Ikiciro:Icyaro]] 7u6uetw1rslpuzxz9v2k8k02bnh5s9v 0 19517 140000 137747 2026-09-24T13:24:09Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140000 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rwamagana Leaders school''' ni ishuri ryatangijwe n' umuyobozi waryo mu mwaka wa 2006 ritangira rifite abarimu bashoboye, ndetse n'abanyeshuri bafite icyumba kimwe cy'ishuri gusa, ariko kugeza ubu ishuri ryagiye ryaguka cyane kugeza kubanyeshuri basaga 450 abarezi basaga 19 , ibyumba by'amashuri birenga 15 , inzu y'imyidagaduro ,isomero ry' ibitabo, ibibuga by' imikino itandukanye, nibindi byinshi, riherereye I [[Rwamagana]].<ref>https://rwandaschoolproject.org/rwamagana-leaders-school/</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] [[Ikiciro:Icyaro]] 41z893wtapcp94i9u9fygl5t4vgsdj2 0 19733 139980 121964 2026-09-24T13:21:48Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139980 wikitext text/x-wiki == Kuboha ibiseke nibumwe mubugeni dusanga mu muco nyarwanda, bwakunze gukorwa n'abanyarwanda bohambere, ibyobikoresho baboshye bakabyifashisha mumirimo itandukanye yaburi munsi.<ref name=":0" /> == == Muri iki gihe kuboha ibiseke bifatwa nkindi myuga yose kuko bifasha abanyarwanda kwiteza imbere cyane cyane abigitsina gore. Bamwe mubagore barenga ibihumbi 2 mu mujyi wa kigari bavugako kuboha ibiseke byababereye isoko y'umurimo m'uburyo bwogukomera kundanga gaciro nyarwanda yo gukunda umurimo n'uburyo nyabwo kandi buboneye byogukomera no gusigasira umuco w'[[Rwanda|u Rwanda]]. == ==== Bamwe mubabyeyi bavugako kuboha ibiseke uretse kuba isoko yamafaranga, nin'ubunjyeni bubumbatiye umuco w'u Rwanda. Uretse nibyo kuboha ibiseke nuburyo bwogusigasira umuco nyarwanda, binafasha abanyarwanda gukomera kundanga gaciro naza kirazira, kuko hari bamwe muba nyarwanda bavuga ko kuboha ibiseke byababereye isoko y'imirimo bakareka ubucuruzi butemewe bakoraga, n'abataragiraga imirimo bakora ubu bakaba bariteje imbere kuburyo bugaragara. ==== === Ku i REBERO muri Kicukiro niho hubatse inyubako yitwa <ref name=":0">https://igihe.com/abantu/success-stories/article/uko-ubupfubyi-bwasembuye-inganzo-ya-kabasire-yo-kuba-umuboshyi-w-ibyibo </ref>Agaseke center akaba ariho hahurizwa ibiseke byaboshye nabanyarwanda bahuriye muma coperative atandukanye mu mujyi wa Kigali biyemeje gushyira imbaraga zabo mubikorwa bugukomera nogusigasira umuco nyarwanda. === ==== Bamwe mubahanzi bahanga cgangwa baboha ibiseke bavugako kuboha ibiseke arimwe munzira nyayo yogukomeza kuzamura umuco w'u Rwanda kuruhando muza mahanga cyaneko bahamwako kuboha ibiseke binafasha ubukerarugendo m'u Rwanda.<ref>https://rba.co.rw/post/Uburyo-kuboha-Agaseke-byabaye-isoko-yumurimo-no-gusigasira-umuco-wu-Rwanda</ref> ==== Reba kandi {{DEFAULTSORT:Kuboha ibiseke uburyo buboneye bwo gusigasira umuco nyarwanda.}} [[Ikiciro:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 in Rwanda]] 3ez9kc5no2tm51qkl0hy3jfhvybkzn3 0 19743 140005 138188 2026-09-24T13:24:46Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140005 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Nyirankono.jpg|thumb|Runonko]] '''Runonko''' cyangwa '''nyirankono''' biterwa naho uri ni uburyo bwari bumenyerewe mu muco [[Rwanda|nyarwanda]] rwo ha mbere gusa na n’ubucyakorwa. Kenshi na kenshi Runonko yotswaga n’abashumba baragiye kure y’ingo zabo, abahinzi bagiye guhinga kure yaho bataha.<ref>https://igihe.com/umuco/umurage/article/twibukiranye-uko-botsa-runonko-amafoto</ref> == Uko byakorwaga == '''Runonko''' cyngwa '''Nyirankono''' rero Kotsa runonko byakorwaga mu buryo bwo kubaka akantu gato k’ibinonko bigerekeranye aho babaga barimye mu murima w’igisigati ubyo babaga imirimma bitegura imirima umuhindo, bamara kukuzuza bagacanamo umuriro. Rero Ikimenyetso cyagaragazakko ko Runonko yahiye, kubera umurirmo bacanyemo yabaga umutukutuku ibinonko byose. == Ibyo botsaga == Runonko ubwo yabaga imaze kuzura maze bagakuramo ivu ry’inkwi ryacanye maze bagashyiramo [[ibijumba]], ibitoki, amateke n’[[imyumbati]], [[ibirayi]] avioka, hanyuma bagahonda bya binonko byatukuye bikaba itaka ryose hejuru ya byabindi bifuza kotsa. Barangiza bakarenzaho akandi gataka gakeya kugira ngo wa muriro utaza gusohoka hanze bidahiye. Nyuma y’iminota runaka nka 30 maze bakaza kwarura ibyo bokeje maze bakarya byabaga byibyoshye gute. == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umuco w' U Rwanda]] rx4f06bc1ttyb62xp0gcsskwce99115 0 19764 140001 119844 2026-09-24T13:24:16Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140001 wikitext text/x-wiki == Igihano cyo gucibwa cyabagaho mu Rwanda rwo hambere<ref name=":0">https://igihe.com/umuco/amateka/article/ibyo-wamenya-ku-gihano-cyo-gucibwa-cyabagaho-mu-rwanda-rwo-hambere </ref> == Guhana si ibya vuba, mu muryango mugari wose ubamo abantu habamo abakosa, ari yo mpamvu ishyanga ryose rimaze kwiyubaka, rishyiraho amategeko, abayarenzeho bagahanwa. No mu iyubakwa ry'u Rwanda ni ko byagenze, abami bagize uruhare mu kurwubaka bashyizeho imiziro n'imiziririzo, ubirenzeho akabihanirwa bikomeye.<ref name=":0" /> Amateka agaragaza ko Umwami Cyilima Rungwe ari we wahaye umurongo nyawo ibijyanye n'ubutabera bw'u Rwanda, abinyujije mu nteko eshatu ari zo Inteko y'umuryangoo, Inteko y'Abunzi n' Inteko Gacaca, ziyongera ku Inteko y'Ibwami yari yarashyizweho na Gihanga Ngomijana. <ref name=":0" /> Ebyiri muri zo zibanza zari Inteko zunga na ho izindi ebyiri zikaba Intko zihana ndetse bikakakaye, kugira ngo zifashe igihugu n'abaturage gutanga ubutabera bwifuzwa. Hatangwaga ibihano bitandukanye birimo guhabwa imbabazi, gucibwa icyiru, kunyagwa, gucibwa no kwicwa.<ref name=":0" /> Icyo tugiye gusesengura muri ibyo ni ikijyanye no gucibwa kuko cyatangwanwaga, amabwiriza akomeye kuruta ibindi bihano byose. Mu kurangiza imanza zabaga zaciwe mu butabera mu Rwanda rwo hambere,hariibyinshoi byifashishwaga, byakorwaga n'Abase,bifashishaga ibintu bitandukanye. <ref name=":0" /> Igihano cyo gucibwa cyashyirwaga mu bikorwa hifashishijwe ingoma. I Bwami habaga ingoma z'imihango zikagira imirishyo yazo igenewe kugaragaza igikorwa iki n'iki kigiye kuba. No gushyira mu bikorwa igihano cyo gucibwa habaga umurishyo w'ingoma wavugaga umenyesha yuko kanaka uwo ari igicibwa. Ibyo ni byo bitaga gucishwa igoma.<ref name=":0" /> Iyo umuntu yabaga yagomeye umwami cyangwa se yigometse ku muryango, yacishwaga ingoma akaba ikiroroge, ntabe akigira agaciro mu bandi, icyo yabaga yakoze ntigihame umuryango. Uwo yabaga akomwe ku kintu cyose kiri mu gihugu, ntiyashoboraga kuba yahabwa amazi yo kunywa, yakugamishwa imvura iguye, yavoma ku iriba iryo ari ryo ryose ryo mu gihugu n' ibindi.<ref name=":0" /> Iyo umuntu yacishwaga ingoma yahungiraga mu mahanga aturanye n'u Rwanda, we cyangwa se urubyaro rwe bakaba barashoboraga kuzagaruka i Rwanda, ingoma y'uwamuciye imaze guhanguka.<ref name=":0" /> Icyakora ntiyashoboraga guhirahira ngo agaruke i Rwanda mu gihe yabaga yakoreweho umuhango wo gucishwa urusengo keretse ubuvivi bwe ni bwo bwagarukaga. Urusengo cyari igikoresho cy'umuziki cyahinduwe ikirango cy'u Rwanda ku ngoma ya Gihanga Ngomijana.<ref name=":0" /> Shakira hano [[Ikiciro:Images from Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 in Rwanda]] j9bgd6bw4cdlqwzxpvsu23rjp4fxrky 0 19803 139960 137869 2026-09-24T13:19:26Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139960 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Urusyo img.jpg|thumb|262x262px|Umuco Nyarwanda]] '''Imigenzo mu Rwanda''' isanze twifitiye imico n’imigenzo nk'[[abanyarwanda]] imwe muri iyo igenda isimburwa n’indi nkuko ibihe bisimburana. Imigenzo, imwe n'imwe harimo iyo twagiye twasigiwe n’abasokuruza ndetse n'abakurambere harimo imyiza myinshi. <ref name=":0">[https://rwiyemeza.com/kn/mordet.php?titID=13332433124a2b3badf74cf5bba28b9100de&vario=153cef42d16b31e7846ea14544bddaddae0&titNm=Imigenzo%20ya%20kinyarwanda%20: https://rwiyemeza.com/kn/mordet.php?titID=13332433124a2b3badf74cf5bba28b9100de&vario=153cef42d16b31e7846ea14544bddaddae0&titNm=Imigenzo%20ya%20kinyarwanda%20:]</ref> == Imigenzo == Imwe muri iyo migenzo myiza ni iyi: gufashanya mu byerekeye imyaka n’amatungo, gutabarana no kwakira abashyitsi. Kuva kera Abanyarwanda bahoze bafashanya, bagakorera hamwe. ibyo bikaboneka cyane cyane kuguzanya, kwata no kugwatiriza. iyo umuntu yabaga yejeje imyaka, undi atareza cyangwa yararumbije, uwejeje yagurizaga utejeje; na we akazamwishyura cyangwa akazamwitura ku bundi buryo.Uwabaga akeneye umurima, yajyaga kwa mugenzi we akabimutekerereza; mugenzi we akamwatira umurima, agateramo imyaka yamara kweza akazamuha icyatamurima.<ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Umuco]] [[Ikiciro:Umuco w' U Rwanda]] 2blfmwr4nvh3jq16cw2xcw0m88e3wa2 0 19809 140006 139591 2026-09-24T13:24:53Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140006 wikitext text/x-wiki Amakoro ni ubwoko bw'amabuye afite ibara ry'umukara aboneka akenshi nyuma yiruka ry'ibirunga, cyane cyane mu [[Intara y’Amajyaruguru y’u Rwanda|ntara y'amajyaruguru]] n'uburengerazuba by'u [[Rwanda]][[Dosiye:Kubakisha Amakoro.jpg|thumb|amakoro]] ==Akamaro k'amakoro== Mu bwubatsi ,amakoro yagize umumaro cyane, kera umuntu wabaga afite umurima urimo amakoro yagorwaga/yavunwaga no kuwuhinga ariko muri iyi myaka, kubera iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga mu kubasha kuyabyaza umusaruro mu bw'ububatsi, amakoro yongereye agaciro kandi inganda zongerera agaciro aya makoro zariyongereye cyane.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/06/musanze-amakoro-yahindutse-imari-ishyushye-umuturage-yateje-imbere-ayavuga-imyato/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-11-07 |archive-date=2025-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251011012659/https://umuseke.rw/2022/06/musanze-amakoro-yahindutse-imari-ishyushye-umuturage-yateje-imbere-ayavuga-imyato/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <br> Amakoro yifashishwa mu gutaka imbuga, kubaka imihanda, inkuta z'inzu n 'ibindi<ref>https://www.rba.co.rw/post/Amakoro-amaze-kuba-imari-ishyushye-Arabyazwamo-ibikoresho-byubwubatsi</ref> <br> Amakoro yagize uruhare runini mu kubaka ama hoteli ateza imbere ubukerarugendo ndetse anifashishwa mu gutunganya ubwubatsi butangiza ibidukikije. <br> Ivu rikomoka ku iruka ry'ibirunga rikize ku myunyu y'ingenzi ku buhinzi, akaba ari cyo gituma ubutaka bw'amakoro burumbuka bukaba buberanye cyane n'ibikorwa by'ubuhinzi<ref>https://www.virungatoday.rw/ibyingenzi-wamenya-ku-kirunga-umusozi-buhumekero-bwisi/</ref> == Uruhare rw amakoro mwiterambere == abantu benshi batangiye kujya bayakoresha mubucuruzi buteye imbare, nko mumarestora ahenze mumugi wa kigali restorant yitwa Treasures of Ikoro yayakoresheje mukubaka iyo nyubako yayo yose and bikana kururra abakiriya baje kwirebera ubwiza bwiryo kora, ritanga umwuka mwiza ndetse bifasha [[Urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima|nurusobe rw'ibinyabuzima]]. murwego rwo guhanga nimihindagurikire y ikirere nabwo ikoro rifite icyo rifasha kuko risimbura amarange nibindi bikoresho byifashishwa mugutaka amazu, ikoro ritanga ubwiza butangaje.<ref>https://www.tripadvisor.com/Restaurant_Review-g293829-d26224035-Reviews-Treasures_Of_Ikoro-Kigali_Kigali_Province.html</ref> == Uturere tubonekamo amakoro== Mu turere tw'amajyaruguru harimo [[akarere ka Musanze]] Mu turere tw'uburengerazuba harimo akarere ka Nyabihu n'akarere ka Rubavu. ==Uko amakoro abaho == Iyo ibirunga birutse ibikoma(magma) biva mu kirunga bishyushye iyo bimaze igihe birafata maze byakonja bigahinduka amabuye ari yo yitwa amakoro. argllekudm88qfo0s1wrd9h1fghyzzs 0 20137 140190 122912 2026-09-25T09:47:14Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140190 wikitext text/x-wiki Umugaba mukuru wa Carabinieri ni muntu ki?? # Umugaba mukuru w'ingabi za carabinieri ashyirwaho n'iteka rya perezida wa Republica amaze kugisha inama ministiri w'ingabo amaze kugishaka kandi inama umugaba mukuru w'ingabo # atanga raporo kumugaba mukuru w'wingabo gusa u mirimo ya gisirikare ya carabinieri # Ni umwe mu bagize comite y'igihugu ishinzwe ituze rusange Jenerali Salvatore LUONGO, yavukiye i Naples ku ya 6 Kamena 1962, yatangiye umwuga we wa gisirikare mu 1977, yiga mu ishuri rya gisirikare rya (Nunziatella) i Naples, mu ishuri rya gisirikare rya Modena na Carabinieri Application School i Roma. Afite impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu bijyanye n'amategeko, ubumenyi bwa politiki n'umutekano w'imbere mu gihugu, afite impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu bijyanye n'ubumuntu yakuye muri Kaminuza ya Gregorian i Roma. Yize icyiciro cya [https://www.carabinieri.it/chi-siamo/oggi/comandante-generale/chi-%C3%A8?utm_source=chatgpt.com 2] mu kigo cy'amashuri yisumbuye. Ni umuhanga mu rurimi rw'Icyongereza. Yakoranye na Kaminuza ya Roma IV mu nshingano zo kwigisha, guhangana n'ibyaha by'ubuvuzi bwa forensic ndetse by'umwihariko kurwanya ikoreshwa ry'ibiyobyabwenge. Yari umwarimu n'umugenzuzi w'icyiciro cya kabiri cya Masters "Open Innovation and Entrepreunership" muri Kaminuza ya Campus Biomedico University of Rome. aa73rvo0ax6k6fqqkv0yjr4kzl2b3zs 0 20197 140197 124194 2026-09-25T11:54:46Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140197 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Imisozi ya Uluguru''' ni imisozi iri mu burasirazuba bwa [[Tanzaniya]], yitiriwe ubwoko bwa Luguru. Igice kinini cyimisozi ni umusozi unyura hafi y'amajyaruguru n'amajyepfo kandi ifite uburebure bwa {{Convert|2630|m|ft|-2}} Kuruhande runini rwa Uluguru,rufite imidugudu 50 ikora kumupaka wamashyamba kandi abantu barenga 151.000 baboneka mumisozi, akenshi bakiyongera mubucucike k'umusozi muremure kugera kumupaka wamashyamba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20081009202403/http://tanzaniatouristboard.com/places_to_go/mountains_and_volcanoes/uluguru_mountains</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090228155757/http://www.easternarc.or.tz/uluguru</ref> == Ubumenyi bw'isi == Ulugurus ifite ubutumburuke bwa 200&nbsp;km imbere y'inyanja yu Buhinde. Biri mu ruhererekane rw'imisozi yo mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika hamwe bita mu misozi ya Arc irimo imisozi ya Taita, [[imisozi ya Pare]], imisozi ya Usambara, imisozi ya Nguru, Rubeho, Ukaguru, imisozi ya Udzungwa n'imisozi ya Mahenge.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://africanconservation.org/uluguru/background.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-07-18 |archive-date=2007-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070712125325/http://africanconservation.org/uluguru/background.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Amashyamba yimisozi atanga ahantu ho gufata amazi kumigezi ninzuzi. Aya mazi atemba cyane cyane mu mpinga z’amashyamba ya Ulugurus mu migezi ihuza guhuza uruzi rwa Ruvu, rutanga amazi mu mujyi wa Dar es Salaam. Benshi mu baturage baturanye, bagera kuri miliyoni 3, n’inganda zikomeye muri Tanzaniya bashingira kuri aya mazi kugira ngo bakomeze kubaho. Gutakaza amashyamba no kugabanuka kw’amazi yo gutanga amazi yimisozi rero bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumibereho yabantu nubushobozi bwinganda za Tanzaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://africanconservation.org/uluguru/biologicalimportance.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-07-18 |archive-date=2007-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070712125305/http://africanconservation.org/uluguru/biologicalimportance.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashyakiro == l1acv1253v87o30vdutqbwrkt4bd9hq 0 20209 140062 138440 2026-09-24T13:38:10Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140062 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kipengere Range''', izwi kandi ku izina rya '''Livingstone Mountain''', uyu musozi uherereye mu karere ka Njombe mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba [[Tanzaniya|bwa Tanzaniya]] mu majyaruguru y'ikiyaga cyaNyasa. Ni umusozi muremure unyura mu majyepfo y'iburasirazuba uva mu kibaya cy'umugezi [[Umugezi munini wa Ruaha|munini wa Ruaha]] mu majyaruguru ugana ku mugezi wa Ruhuhu mu majyepfo, kandi ugize igice cyo mu burasirazuba bwa Rift yo muri Afurika y'iburasirazuba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20221130175403/https://www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz/en/destination/uporoto-kipengere-and-livingstone-ranges</ref><ref>https://www.protectedplanet.net/555512495</ref> == icyo wamenya ku musozi wa kipengere == Kuva mu mujyi wa Mbeya intera igenda yerekeza mu majyepfo y'iburasirazuba kandi igize igice cyo mu burasirazuba bwa Rift yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba, <ref>https://www.protectedplanet.net/350003</ref>igera ku 100&nbsp;km kumanuka wamajyaruguru yuburasirazuba bwikiyaga kugera kumugezi wa Ruhuhu. Imisozi ya Poroto yibirunga ikora amajyaruguru yuburengerazuba bwagutse.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220307195014/https://www1.undp.org/content/dam/tanzania/Strengthening%20the%20protected%20area%20network%20in%20Southern%20Tanzania.pdf</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 10sln8s80ep8k10zy237aw8mio8yyqg 0 20216 140173 138334 2026-09-25T09:44:48Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140173 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umisozi ya Marra''' ( Fur, '''Fugo Marra'''; Arabic, '''Jebel Marrah''' ni impinga y'imisozi y'ibirunga iba muri massif ifite ubutumburuke bwa {{Convert|3012|m|ft|0}} . Ni imisozi miremire muri [[Sudani]].<ref>https://worldribus.org/sahara-desert-ranges/</ref> Imisozi miremire iherereye hagati mu karere ka Darfur muri [[Sudani]] ku mupaka w’ibihugu bya Darfur yepfo na Darfur yo hagati, hamwe n’agace gato kari muri leta ya Darfur y'Amajyaruguru. Igice cyo hejuru ni Deriba Caldera. Ahagana hejuru ya massif ni agace gato ariko kagira ikirere gishyushye hamwe n’imvura nyinshi n’amasoko ahoraho y’amazi hagati ya savanna y'umye hamwe na scrub ya Sahel hepfo.<ref>https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=225030&vtab=Eruptions</ref> == Imiterere y'umusozi wa Marrah == Jebel Marra, n'ikirunga cya Tertiary gifite uburebure bwa {{Convert|3,042|m|ft}}, gikora mu majyaruguru n'amajyepfo nko muri {{Convert|55|mi|km|order=flip}}, cyaguka kugera kuri {{Convert|40|mi|km|order=flip}}, <ref>https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news-feature/2021/4/21/inside-darfurs-rebel-held-mountains</ref>gikomeza amajyaruguru mu bindi {{Convert|60|mi|km|order=flip}} . Imisozi ya Tagabo n'ikibaya cya Meidob, mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'urugero,abashakashatsi batekerezako aricyo ikomoka mu birunga. Ikibaya gishingiye ku rutare rwa Archean kikazamuka hagati y’ibibaya bya Tchad na Nili yo hagati kandi bigera mu burengerazuba kugera ku mupaka wa Sudani, bigakora umwobo utagira umupaka witwa Basement Complex, ufite uburebure buri hagati ya {{Convert|1,100|m|ft}} mu burasirazuba kugeza kuri {{Convert|600|m|ft}} mu burengerazuba. Imisozi n'udusozi twitaruye, nka {{Convert|1413|m|ft}} Tebella Massif, birashoboka ko ibisigisigi byubuso bwakera bwisuri, akadomo.<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/1780270?origin=crossref</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} cqo0zkb8qti3dimbc4nz5vjy37wvh8g 0 20227 140127 123264 2026-09-25T09:09:47Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140127 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Intare]] ni inyamaswa y'inkazi abantu benshi batinya ndetse no kumenya ubuzima bwite bwayo biragoye, mujyihe cyubukonje nibwo intare zororoka intare yingabo ifita iyingore ikayimarana iminsi ibiri, icyojyihe ishobora gukora imibonano mpuza bitsina inshuro ziri hagati 100 na 120, iyo ingore irimo gusenzanya n'ingabo ifite uburyo ijya kuruhande igahura nizindi ngabo kugirango nibyara zizabashe kurinda abana bayo.[https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/utuntu-n-utundi/article/menya-imibereho-y-intare-n-uko-zororoka] === ibyutaruzi k'intare === [[intare]] ni inyamaswa zitunzwe n'inyama zigahiga izindi nyamaswa zikaba arizo zirya zikanwa amaraso yazo, iyo iyi nyamaswa ikuze cyane ishobora kugira ibilo 250, kumunsi irya ibiro birindwi by'inyama ku ngabo naho ingoreyo ikarya ibiro bitanu, ni ubwoko bw'inyamaswa bukunda kuba mu miryango migari, zikibera mu mashyamba kandi ingabo ingabo ishobora kubaho mujyihe cyimyaka iri hagati yi 7 cyangwa 12 naho ingore zikabaho hagati ya 14 na 20 ariko bishobokako intare yanarenza imyaka 30, mu mashyamba zibamo bakunze kuzita [[umwami]] w'ishyamba kuko usanga zitinywa cyane n'izindi nyamaswa, [[intare]] zikunda guhiga mu [[Igororero rya Nsinda|ijoro]] no mu rukerera kuko mu masaha yandi zisinzira.[https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/ese-intare-ni-umwami-wishyamba-koko-menya-ibintu-bitangaje-utari-uzi-kuri-iyi-nyamaswa-iti-93407] ==== indanganturo ==== 1.[https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/utuntu-n-utundi/article/menya-imibereho-y-intare-n-uko-zororoka Menya imibereho y’intare n’uko zororoka - Kigali Today] 2.[https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/ese-intare-ni-umwami-wishyamba-koko-menya-ibintu-bitangaje-utari-uzi-kuri-iyi-nyamaswa-iti-93407 Ese intare ni umwami w’ishyamba koko? Menya ibintu bitangaje uta | InyaRwanda.com] 0br42xoq46q2zfarco3g2e9nnaf4huo 0 20229 140020 138262 2026-09-24T13:26:38Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140020 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zanzibar''' [ a ] ni ikirwa cya Tanzaniya kiri ku nkombe za [[Imiterere ya Afurika y'Iburasirazuba n'ibidukikije byaho|Afurika y'Iburasirazuba]]. Iherereye mu nyanja y'Ubuhinde, kandi igizwe n'ibirwa byinshi bito n'ibinini binini, Muribyo birwa ikinini kirimo kitwa Zanzibar n'ikirwa cya Unguja n'ikirwa cya Pemba. Umurwa mukuru ni Umujyi wa Zanzibar, uherereye ku kirwa cya Unguja. Ikigo cyamateka cyacyo, Umujyi wa Kibuye, ni Umurage wisi. Zanzibar kandi ni agace kigenga kunze ubumwe na Tanganyika mu 1964, kagashinga [[Tanzaniya|Repubulika yunze ubumwe ya Tanzaniya]] y'ubu.Inganda nyamukuru za archipelago ni ubwiza n'ubukerarugendo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2011 |title=Exotic Zanzibar and its seafood |url=http://drshem.com/2011/05/21/exotic-zanzibar-and-its-seafood/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815070819/http://drshem.com/2011/05/21/exotic-zanzibar-and-its-seafood/ |archive-date=15 August 2011 |access-date=11 June 2011}}</ref> Ingingo nyamukuru byakozwe. Ikirwa cya Zanzibar, hamwe n'ikirwa cya Mafia cyo muri Tanzaniya, rimwe na rimwe bakunze kwitwa "Ibirwa bya Spice". bigizwe n'ubukerarugendo bwa Zanzibar gahunda ya leta yatumye ubwiyongere bwa ba mukerarugendo 19.000 mu 1985, <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201101135606/http://www.ikuluzanzibar.go.tz/en</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Yussuf |first=Issa |date=19 April 2017 |title=Tanzania: Number of Tourists to Zanzibar Doubles As Tourist Hotels Improve Service Delivery |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201704190661.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827153016/http://allafrica.com/stories/201704190661.html |archive-date=27 August 2017 |access-date=June 4, 2019 |website=allAfrica}}</ref> 376.000 muri 2016. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Zanzibar forms Airports Authority, modernises aviation infrastructure |url=http://www.businesstimes.co.tz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1121:zanzibar-forms-airports-authority-modernises-aviation-infrastructure&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=57 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101215243/http://www.businesstimes.co.tz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1121:zanzibar-forms-airports-authority-modernises-aviation-infrastructure&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=57 |archive-date=1 January 2016 |access-date=17 January 2013 |publisher=Business Times (Tanzania)}}</ref> == Imibereho n'ubuzima bwa Zanzibar == Ubusumbane butandukanye buriho mu mibereho y'abatuye Pemba na Unguja, ndetse n'ubusumbane buri hagati y'abatuye imijyi n'icyaro. Impuzandengo y'umwaka yinjiza ni US $ 2500. Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cyabaturage baba munsi yumurongo wubukene. N’ubwo urwego rwo hejuru rw’ubuvuzi n’uburezi rwibanze,impfu z'abana muri Zanzibar ni 54 kuri 1.000 bavutse ari bazima, ibyo bikaba biri munsi ya 10.0 ku ijana ugereranije n’igipimo cyo muri Tanzaniya. Umubare w'abana bapfa muri Zanzibar ni 73 kuri 1.000 bavutse ari bazima, ibyo bikaba biri munsi ya 21.5 ku ijana ugereranyije n'igipimo cyo muri Tanzaniya. Umubare w'abana bavuka muri Tanzaniya ni mwinshi, 35,64 bavuka ku baturage 1000, ariko umubare uragabanuka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Crude birth rate (births per 1000 population) |url=https://www.who.int/data/maternal-newborn-child-adolescent-ageing/indicator-explorer-new/mca/crude-birth-rate-(births-per-1000-population) |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118073226/https://www.who.int/data/maternal-newborn-child-adolescent-ageing/indicator-explorer-new/mca/crude-birth-rate-(births-per-1000-population) |archive-date=18 November 2021 |access-date=18 November 2021 |publisher=World Health Organisation}}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 53xorw01cozw60arncjkd8vnjmljw2l 0 20266 139981 134969 2026-09-24T13:21:55Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139981 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ikiyaga cya Chilwa''' nicyo [[Ikiyaga|kiyaga]] cya kabiri kinini muri [[Malawi]]. Ni ikiyaga giherereye mu burasirazuba bw'akarere ka Zomba, hafi y'umupaka na [[Mozambike]]. Hafi ya 60km z'uburebure na 40km z'ubugari, ikiyaga kizengurutswe n'ibishanga binini. Hano hari ikirwa hagati yikiyaga cyitwa Chisi Island. Ikiyaga, kandi urwego rw'amazi rwibasiwe cyane n'imvura yibihe hamwe no guhumeka. Mu 1968, ikiyaga cyazimiye mu gihe cyizuba kidasanzwe. Igihe David Livingstone yasuraga ikiyaga mu 1859, yatangaje ko umupaka wacyo w’amajyepfo wageze kuri Massif ya Mulanje, ikaba yari gutuma ikiyaga byibura {{Convert|20|mi|km|order=flip}} igihe kirekire kuruta uko bimeze muri iki gihe. Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe iterambere muri Danemark, ku bufatanye na Guverinoma ya Malawi cyakoraga mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ikiyaga n’ibishanga byacyo. ikigo kandi kikaba gifite munshingano gahunda yo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu kiyaga cya Chilwa (LCBCCAP) yatangijwe mu rwego rwo kubungabunga agace gakomeye, kikaba atari igishanga gikomeye cy’ibinyabuzima byaho gusa, ahubwo kikaba n’isoko rikuru ry’ibicuruzwa by’amafi muri ako karere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake Chilwa Basin Climate Change Adaptation Programme |url=http://www.lakechilwaproject.mw/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305173627/http://www.lakechilwaproject.mw/ |archive-date=2016-03-05 |access-date=2015-07-31}}</ref> == Inyamaswa zo mu gasozi == Ubwoko bw'amafi bukunze kugaragara mu kiyaga cya Chilwa ni ''Barbus paludinosus'', ''Oreochromis shiranus chilwae'', ''Clarias gariepinus'', ''Brycinus imberi'' na ''Gnathonemus''. Ikiyaga kikaba gikunda kugaragaramo inyoni zo mu mazi zigera kuri <ref>{{Cite web |last=Njaya |first=Friday J. |date=2001 |title=Management options for Lake Chilwa, Malawi |url=http://www.unuftp.is/static/fellows/document/fridayprf.pdf |website=UNU Fisheries Training Programme |publisher=[[United Nations]] |access-date=2025-07-27 |archive-date=2017-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117231905/http://www.unuftp.is/static/fellows/document/fridayprf.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> zifite amoko agera kuri 160 atandukanye. Bamwe muribo bimukira muri Aziya - East African Flyway kuva muri Siberiya buri mwaka. Hamwe n'ubwoko cumi na bubiri bw'inyoni, umubare urenga 1% y'inyoni zosse ziraguruka. Umubare w'abantu ukikije ni mwinshi kandi uragenda wiyongera, kandi inyoni zo mu mazi zirahigwa ibiryo igihe amazi ari make kandi uburobyi bukaba ikibazo. Harimo gushyirwaho ingufu kugirango guhiga bikorwa muburyo burambye. == Ubukungu == Imidugudu igera kuri 335 ituwe n’abaturage barenga 60.000 yishora mu [[Uburobyi|kuroba]] ikiyaga, kandi ikurura toni zirenga 17.000 buri mwaka, 20% by’amafi yose yafatiwe muri Malawi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2012 |title=Livelihoods Drying Up on Malawi's Lake Chilwa {{!}} Inter Press Service |url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2012/08/livelihoods-drying-up-on-malawis-lake-chilwa/ |access-date=2015-09-14 |website=www.ipsnews.net}}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 0sr5qd6wk5fmerkd5juqp8liti2k21f 0 20273 140110 137524 2026-09-25T09:07:47Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140110 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''Kirstenbosch''' n'ubusitani bw'ibimera bwubatswe munsi y'uburasirazuba bw'umusozi wameza muri Cape Town. Ubusitani ni bumwe mu busitani bwa Botanika 10 bukubiyemo ibinyabuzima bitanu muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]] bitandatu bitandukanye kandi bikayoborwa n’ikigocy'igihugu cy'ibinyabuzima cya Afurika y'epfo (SANBI). Mbere y'itariki ya 1 Nzeri 2004, ikigo cyari kizwi ku izina rya National Botanical Institute.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sanbi.org/media/kirstenbosch-awarded-level-4-accreditation-by-arbnet-accreditation-programme/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-07-27 |archive-date=2025-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250424051612/https://www.sanbi.org/media/kirstenbosch-awarded-level-4-accreditation-by-arbnet-accreditation-programme/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kirstenbosch ishimangira cyane mu guhinga ibihingwa kavukire. Igihe Kirstenbosch yashingwa mu mwaka wi 1913 kugira ngo ibungabunge ibimera bikomoka ku butaka bwa Afurika y'Epfo, nibwo busitani bwa mbere bw’ibimera ku isi bufite uyu mwihariko, mu gihe [[Ibisimba byaduka|amoko atera]] atabonaga ko ari ikibazo cy’ibidukikije n’ibidukikije == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} rce3s0kfsc4myfpr347wfhdqofaqfrh 0 20288 140182 123797 2026-09-25T09:45:53Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140182 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ikibaya cya Mambilla''' ni ikibaya muri giherereye muri Leta ya Taraba ya [[Nijeriya]]. Ikibaya cya Mambilla gifite impuzandengo ya {{Convert|1600|m|ft|0}} hejuru y'inyanja, ikagira ikibaya kinini muri Nijeriya. imwe mu midugudu yacyo iherereye ku misozi ifite byibura {{Convert|1828|m|ft|0}} hejuru yinyanja. Imisozi imwe yo mubibaya no hafi yayo ni {{Convert|2000|m|ft|0}} nimuremure, nka Gang cyangwa Chappal Waddi ifite uburebure bwa {{Convert|2419|m|ft|0}} hejuru y'inyanja. N'umusozi muremure muri Nijeriya no muri Afrika y'uburengerazuba. Ikibaya cya Mambilla gipima hafi {{Convert|96|km|mi|abbr=on}} ku burebure bwacyo bugoramye; ni {{Convert|40|km|mi|abbr=on}} ubugari kandi bugarukira kuri escarpment igera kuri {{Convert|900|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} hejuru ahantu hamwe. Ikibaya gifite ubuso bungana na kilometero {{Convert|9389|km2|mi2|0}} . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mac Leva |first=Fidelis |date=20 May 2007 |title=Nigeria: Myths and Wonders of Mambilla Plateau |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200705210853.html |website=www.allafrica.com}}</ref> == Ubumenyi bw'isi == Ikibaya cya Mambilla giherereye mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Leta ya Taraba muri Nijeriya munsi y’ubutegetsi bw’ibanze bwa Sardauna. <ref>{{Cite web |title=MAMBILLA PLATEAU – Nigeria Online Tourism Magazine |url=http://www.goodlife.com.ng/gltourism.php?gltourism=read&id=100 |access-date=September 4, 2011 |website=www.goodlife.com.ng}}</ref> Ikibaya cya Mambilla ni kamwe mu turere twinshi two muri leta ya Taraba. Hano hari imijyi myinshi kuri plateau, nini ya Gembu. Ikibaya gifite ibice byacyo byo mu majyepfo no mu burasirazuba bihagaze ku mupaka wa [[Kameruni]], mu gihe ibisigaye byo mu majyaruguru no mu burengerazuba bwabyo biri muri Nijeriya. Ikibaya cya Mambilla gifite imisozi miremire cyane, ni ikibaya gifite inzira nyabagendwa Ikibaya gitwikirijwe n'imisozi n'ubutaka hamwe na granite rimwe na rimwe. Ikibaya cyatandukanijwe ninzuzi nyinshi, cyane cyane uruzi rwa Donga n’umugezi wa Taraba, byombi bifite amasoko kuri / kuva mu Mambilla. == Imiterere ya Mambilla == Ibimera byo mu kibaya bigizwe n’ibyatsi bito kandi ibiti bidahari bigaragara ko usibye amashyamba byatewe n'abantu aho ryatewe n’abakoloni b’Abadage mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Abadage bayoboye Kameruni (nko mu 1906-1915) hamwe na gahunda za leta zo muri Nigeriya zo gutera ibiti. harimo ibimera ni cyatsi gito, cya mahmal gisa nicyatsi kizwi hano nka nyakatsi "gwur". <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110724143400/http://www.goodlife.com.ng/gltourism.php?gltourism=read&id=58</ref>Ni ikirango gikomeye cy'imihango y'idini gakondo. Ikibaya nicyo karere cyonyine cya Nijeriya gikura [[Icyayi|igihingwa cyicyayi]] ku rugero runini kandi hari imirima myinshi yicyayi, nubwo umurenge wo murako gace utaratera imbere. Ikaba kandi ibamo parike y’igihugu ya Gashaka Gumti, ikaba ari parike nini, n’akarere karinzwe muri Nijeriya yose, ndetse n’ishyamba rya Majang rizwi ku izina rya Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve, ryombi rikaba rifite ibimera bidasanzwe kandi byangirika by’ibimera byo muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba / Hagati ndetse n’ubwoko bw’inyamaswa byanduye muri ako karere. Igiti cya eucalyptus nicyo giti cy'iganje kitiriwe eucalyptus uyu mugabo wakoze amashyamba biturutse ku guhuza byoroshye n’igiti cya eucalyptus ku burebure hamwe n’imiterere ikonje y’ikirere no mu kibaya. Ubwinshi bw'ibyatsi bitoshye ku kibaya byakwegereye byakuruye [[inka]] nyinshi ziza kuharishiriza, kuva mu gihe cy'ubutegetsi bw'Ubwongereza bikaba byaragize ingaruka ku bimera byo mu kibaya. Ibi byaviriyemo kurisha cyane no gutwarwa n’isuri ku kibaya kandi byateje ibibazo hagati y’abashumba b’inka, bitwa Fulanis n’abasangwabutaka, Mambila.<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200705210853.html</ref> ikibaya cya Mambilla gifite umwimerere, kandi kitiriwe abaturage bo murako gace. abaturage ba Mambilla. Agacegafite ubuso bwa 60.000 km2 ka Mambilla gahana imbibi n’umupaka hano byagaragaye ko karimo ibisigisigi bya "Bantu bagumye mu rugo" kuko igice kinini cy’abavuga Bantu bimukiye mu karere (reba kwaguka kwa Bantu ).<ref>https://jeetbuzz.win/en/</ref> Kuva Abongereza bahigarurira na nyuma yaho, habaye abimukira mu yandi matsinda arimo Yamba, Fulani n'imiryango y'ubucuruzi ya Igbo, Wimbum (Kambu), Hausa na Banso. Muri bo, Yamba yonyine niyo yashinze imidugudu igera kuri 4 imaze kwimuka. Abandi baturage bashya binjiye ntibasaba ubutaka bwa basekuruza, ahubwo ni abimukira cyangwa abimukira mu kazi badafite imidugudu ya kera cyangwa abakurambere babo. Imidugudu yose ya Banso na Kambu (Wimbum) igomba kuboneka muri Repubulika ya Kameruni gusa, igiye iri kure cyane y'umupaka wa Nigeriya. <ref>https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/mambilla-hydropower-project-nigeria/</ref>Umubare munini wabaturage ba Mambilla Plateau bavuga Mambilla nkururimi rwabo rwa kavukire arirwo rwa mbere. Icyongereza ni ururimi rwemewe muri iki gihe, mu gihe Fulfulde (ururimi rwa Fulani, rwatangijwe mu [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]]) yakoreshejwe nk'ururimi rw'ubucuruzi mu bihe bya none. Ubukirisitu n'Ubuyisilamu ni amadini akomeye muri iki gihe, amaze kwimika buhoro buhoro Iyobokamana gakondo rya Mambilla ryari rishingiye kuri [[Sùu system|gahunda ya Suu]], iryo rikaba ariryo dini ryiganje mbere yuko haza abamisiyonari b'Abakristo (guhera mu myaka ya za 1920) hamwe na Hausa na Wawa. Aya madini mashya yagaragaye cyane nyuma y'imyaka ya za 1960.<ref>https://zainabokino.blogspot.com/2010/09/mambilla-plateau-tarabas-unexploited.html</ref> == Reba kandi == * Abantu ba Mambila * Ishyamba rya Ngel Nyaki * Kwagura Bantu == Reba == t8iixraml60neh2etl2eg8qd5vd1qsb 0 20310 140078 137889 2026-09-25T09:04:03Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140078 wikitext text/x-wiki Izina rya crater rifite inkomoko ya onomatopoeic; yitiriwe abashumba ba Maasai nyuma yijwi ryakozwe na cowbell ( ''ngoro ngoro'' ). Hashingiwe ku bimenyetso by’ibinyabuzima OH 7 biboneka ku kibaya cya Olduvai, amoko atandukanye ya hominid yigaruriye ako gace byibuze miliyoni 1.75. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/pdf_files/133/1334728220.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-07-30 |archive-date=2021-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812164038/http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/pdf_files/133/1334728220.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Abahiga basimbuwe n'abashumba mu myaka ibihumbi ishize. Abanyayiraki baje muri kariya gace hashize imyaka igera ku 2000 kandi bifatanya na Datooga ahagana mu mwaka wa 1700. Iyo mitwe yombi yirukanywe muri ako gace na [[Abamasayi|Maasai]] mu myaka ya 1800. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hanby, Jeannette & Bygott, David: Ngorongoro Conservation Area |url=https://ntz.info/gen/b00039.html |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=ntz.info}}</ref> Abanyaburayi bazwiho kuba abarakandagije ikirenge muri Ngorongoro Crater kugeza mu 1892 ubwo yasurwa na Oscar Boumann. Abavandimwe babiri b'Abadage (Adolph na Friedrich Siedentopf) bahinze muri icyo cyobo kugeza Intambara ya mbere y'isi yose nyuma yo gukodesha ubutaka ku buyobozi bwa Afurika y'uburasirazuba bw'abadage. Abavandimwe bahoraga bategura ibirori byo kurasa kugirango bashimishe inshuti zabo. Bagerageje kandi kwirukana amashyo y’inyamanswa mu mwobo. == Ubumenyi bwa geologiya == Itsinda ry’ibirunga rya Pliocene Ngorongoro rigizwe n’ibirunga umunani byazimiye muri Eyasi igice cya graben, urubibi rw'iburasirazuba rwaranzwe na Gregory Rift Western Escarpment. Inkunga y'Ikiyaga cya Eyasi ihuza igice cya graben mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba. Muri urwo ruganda, ibirunga bitanu ni imeze nk'imigozi, mugihe bitatu bifite Calderas.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/sep/06/masai-tribesman-tanzania-tourism</ref> [[Ibirunga byu Rwanda|Ikirunga]] cya Ngorongoro (2.5-1.9 Ma) ni trachyandesite ya basaltike.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248496900081?via=ihub</ref> Caldera igaburirwa ni nzuzi za Munge na Oljoro Nyuki, mugihe [[Amashuza|amasoko ashyushye]] ya Ngoitokitok agaburira mu gishanga cya Goringop. Ikiyaga cya Magadi ni ikiyaga cya metero 1,7. Ibindi birunga biri muri icyo kigo birimo Olmoti (2.01–1.79 Ma), Empakaai, Loolmalasin, Sadiman (3.7 Ma), Lemagrut, na Oldeani. Igice cyo mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa NCA kigizwe n'ibibaya bya Serengeti, ikibaya cya Salei, ikibaya cya Oldupai, hamwe n'imisozi ya Gol inselbergs. Izi inselbergs zigize Quartzite ya [[Mozambike]] na schist ya mika hafi (800-500 [[Umwaka|Ma]] ) mumyaka. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120922172928/http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/local-news/8757-dar-registers-three-wonders</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} o2bcf9pczadtjwkmcqdb9p0rlwadzko 0 20444 140205 124223 2026-09-25T11:55:41Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140205 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''Buji muri Alijeriya''''' ni filime y'imirwano yabongereza yakozwe mu 1944 ihagarariwena George King abakinnyi bari James Mason, Carla Lehmann na Raymond Lovell. Iyifilime ivuga kunama y'ibanga yabaye mu Kwakira 1942 ibera i Cherchell, muri Alijeriya hagati ya jenerali w'umunyamerika Mark W. Clark n'itsinda ry'abayobozi bakuru bo mu Bufaransa Vichy. Muri iyo nama, abayobozi ba Vichy b'Abafaransa bemeye kutarwanya indege ya Operation Torch i Vichy mu Bufaransa -kugenzura Afurika y’amajyaruguru y’Ubufaransa yabaye nyuma yukwezi kumwe. == Umugambi == Mumwaka wi 1943, mbere y’uko Abanyamerika bagaba ibitero kuri Afurika y’amajyaruguru, Alijeriya yari ifiteguverinoma ya Vichy ndetse n’icyicaro gikuru cya komisiyo ishinzwe ibirwanisho mu Budage. Inshingano y'ibanga ya Jenerali Mark Clark ni ingenzi cyane mu gutuma inama ihuza Abongereza, Abanyamerika, n'Abafaransa, itanga inzira yo kugwa mu gisirikare gikomeye ku ntsinzi y’Ubumwe nta gutakaza ubuzima bukabije Mugihe Abanyamuryango baribishimiye intsinzi, Susan Foster, yarafite ikibazo cyo guhungabana yagize mugisasu, akangukira mubitaro kandi ahangayikishijwe n'ibyabereye kuri Alan Thurston, atinya ko yapfuye. Abajije umuforomo aho aherereye kandi amenyeshwa intsinzi, avuga ko Thurston ashimirwa cyane kuba yarashoboye gutsinda kandi akavuga uburyo Thurston yagize uruhare mu butumwa bwe. Muri flashback, mbereyinama, umukoziw’Ubwongereza Alan Thurston yahawe inshingano zo kujya muri Algiers kugarura kamera irim'amafoto yerekanaho inam'izabera. Thurston ntiyigeze amenya ibyiyonama cyangwa ibyihishe murayomashusho arikohamabwiriza yokubuza kamera kugera ku Badage. Afite igicucu cya maneko w’Ubudage Dr. Müller, ufite umugambi wo kwiba kamera akimara kuyibona. Thurston yatawe muri yombi n’Abafaransa Vichy afatwa mpiri n’Abadage mugihome ariko arabacika. Akurikiranwa n'Abadage, ahungira mu nzu Susan Foster, umunyabugeni w’umunyamerik'utuye i Biskra, akodesha Susan atekerezako umucengezi arumujura, Susan yamufatiyeho imbunda kugeza igihe Thurston amwibwiye hanyuma amusaba koyamufasha nk'umuntu ukunda igihugu. Mugihabakozi ba Vichy bagishakisha uwatorotse, Susan yahishe Thurston muri cyumbacy'ibanga kugirangoyirinde gushakisha imitungo. Muganga Müller yasanze ibimenyetso bya Thurston birimu kirahure cy’amata n’itabi kandi aburira Susan kwirinda kwishoramuri politiki. Susan amwizezako azagenda bukeye yerekezamuri Algiers. munzira asubira mur'Amerika. Abashakashatsi bamazekugenda, Thurston aburira Susan ko Müller azakomeza kumukurikirana ariko akamusaba ko yamufasha mukugarura kamera yari yihishe umukozi wapfuye mu biro mu rugo rw’umukunzi w’umukozi, umuririmbyi w’ijoro rya Maritza, utazi akamaro kayo. Akeneye Susan udashaka gukunda igihugu cya tepid gukunda igihugu, amwemeza ko azakora ubutumwa nkibyingenzi kuruta gahunda ye yuzuye yo kwinjira muri WAC. 5rddrm5qvs8uhigr9678wfmna926ni0 0 20446 139961 138344 2026-09-24T13:19:33Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139961 wikitext text/x-wiki Uyu ni umukino wa filime ishingiye kunkuru wamuritswe ku itariki ya 25 Werurwe 2024 muri Century Cinema i Kigali. Ni kandi Filime yagarutse no ku nkuru y’umukobwa witwa Carine wari umwogoshikazi, wavuye mu rugo yari yashakiyemo umugabo, ariko wamubuzaga kubaho ubuzima yifuza. Carine rero akaba yarashatse akiri muto, kandi mu ntangiriro yari anyuzwe n’icyo cyemezo, ariko hashize imyaka aza gusanga hari icyuho n’ibura ry’itumanaho mu rugo rwe, bimutera gufata icyemezo cyo kugendera ku nzozi ze wenyine nubwo byari bigoye. Yashoboye gutangira ubucuruzi bwo kogosha no gutunganya imisatsi, maze nyuma yaho ubwo bucuruzi burakomera, bituma ashobora guha abagore bagenzi be imbaraga, ijwi ndetse n’icyizere. Indirimbo ziri muri iyi filime zirimo iz’abahanzi b’Abanyarwanda nka Mike Kayihura, Peace Jolis na Malaika Uwamahoro.<ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2024/08/rwandan-movie-scoops-best-film-award-for-social-change/</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 7muzz6kni5o49lxo5duhndyr8rk4ddd 0 20501 140079 124436 2026-09-25T09:04:10Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140079 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:The_Nile_boat_or,_glimpses_of_the_land_of_Egypt_-_by_W.H._Bartlett_(1849)_(14591756538).jpg|thumb|Ubwato bwa Nili cyangwa, bwerekana igihugu cya Egiputa]] '''''Amayobera ya Nili''''' ni filime ya IMAX yakozwemu 2005 yerekanurugendo rwambere rwagenze neza ugendere kuburebure bwa [[Nili y’Ubururu|Nili]] na [[Nili]] kuvahwikomoka muri [[Etiyopiya]] kugera ku nyanja ya Mediterane. Urwo rugendo rwari ruyobowe na geologiya [[Pasquale Scaturro]]. Urwo rugendo rwatwayiminsi 114 guhera kwitariki 22 Ukuboza 2003 kugeza 28 Mata 2004. Iyi filime yasohotse mu 2005. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Report |first=Staff |date=16 February 2005 |title=‘Mystery of the Nile’ uncovered |url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/2005/02/16/mystery-of-the-nile-uncovered/ |access-date=17 July 2025 |work=San Diego Union-Tribune}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} 03cxhhv5fhg0n3lr4o6g1dw565snf0f 0 20513 140111 134839 2026-09-25T09:07:54Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140111 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Sidonie Panache''''' ni filime yogusetsa amateka y’Abafaransa yakozwe mu 1934 ihagarariwe na Henry Wulschleger abakinnyibari Florelle, Bach na Alexandre Mihalesco. amashushoyafatiwe muri [[Aligeriya|Alijeriya]]. Amashusho ya firime yateguwe numuyobozi wubuhanzi Marcel Magniez. Byari bishingiye kuri operetta yumutwe umwe. Nibimwe mubisohoka cyane mubufaransa muruwo mwaka. == Inyandiko == Mu 1842 mugihe cyokwigarurira Alijeriya, Sidonie Panache yihinduyenka Zouave kugirango aherekezumukunziwe woherejwe gukorerayo. == Abakinnyi == * Florelle nka Sidonie Panache * Bach nka Chabichou * [[Monique Bert]] nka Rosalie * Paul Azaïs nka Bourrache * Alexandre Mihalesco nka Salomon * Jean-Louis Allibert nka Le duc d'Aumale * Antonin Artaud nka L'émir Abd-el-Kader * [[Paul Clerget]] nka Le maréchal Thomas-Robert Bugeaud * René Dary nka des Ormeaux * Hugues de Bagratide nka Le cheik Mouloud * [[Pierre Feuillère]] nka Tiburce * Madeleine Guitty nka La femme d'Augustin * [[Tahar Hanache]] nka Un cheik * [[Marcelle Lucas]] nka Une grisette * [[Charles Montel]] nka Augustin * [[Marthe Mussine|Marthe Mussineas]] Une grisette * Germaine Sablon nka Séraphine == Amashakiro == <references /> aqdpoo5s33ddnx2t0vkjrl5tu90x4wx 0 20524 140136 125017 2026-09-25T09:10:50Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140136 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iserukiramuco rya gatatu''' ( [[Igifaransa]] : ''Festival des 3 Continents'' ) n'iserukiramuco rya firime ngarukamwaka riba guheramu 1979 i Nantes, mu Bufaransa, ryeguriwe sinema zomuri Aziya, Afurika, na Amerika y'Epfo. Yashinzwe na Philippe na Alain Jalladeau. Igihembo cyambere mumarushanwa yibirori ni Montgolfiere d'or imezenka ballon. <ref name="DH" /> Kubufatanye n’iri serukiramuco ni Produire au Sud ("Producer of the South"), umushinga utanginkunga mu gutunganya amafilime yigenga yaturutse muri Aziya, Afurika, na Amerika y'Epfo. <ref name="DH" /> == Urutonde rwabatsinze Montgolfière d'or == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Director !Country of origin |- |1979 |''[[Baara (film)|Baara]]'' |Souleymane Cissé |Mali |- |1980 |''Chafika et Metwal'' |Aly Badrakhan |Egypt |- | rowspan="2" |1981 |''They Don't Wear Black Tie'' |Leon Hirszman |Brazil |- |''Plae Kao'' |Cherd Songsri |Thailand |- |1982 |''Imagi Ningthem'' |Aribam Syam Sharma |India |- |1983 |''Angela Markado'' |Lino Brocka |The Philippines |- | rowspan="2" |1984 |''The Wanderers'' |Nacer Khemir |Tunisia |- |''The Boys from Fengkuei'' |Hou Hsiao-hsien |Taiwan |- | rowspan="2" |1985 |''The Runner'' |Amir Naderi |Iran |- |''A Summer at Grandpa's'' |Hou Hsiao-hsien |Taiwan |- |1986 |''[[In the Wild Mountains]]'' |[[Yan Xueshu]] |China |- |1987 |''Motherland Hotel'' |Ömer Kavur |Turkey |- |1988 |''Rouge'' |Stanley Kwan |Hong Kong |- |1989 |''Water, Wind, Dust'' |Amir Naderi |Iran |- |1990 |''Untamagiru'' |Gō Takamine |Japan |- |1991 |''[[Five Girls and a Rope]]'' |[[Yeh Hung-wei]] |Taiwan |- |1992 |''[[Bloody Morning]]'' |Li Shaohong |China |- |1993 |''For Fun'' |Ning Ying |China |- |1994 |''[[Dos crímenes]]'' |Roberto Sneider |Mexico |- |1995 |''Sender Unknown'' |Carlos Carrera |Mexico |- |1996 |''A True Story'' |Abolfazl Jalili |Iran |- |1997 |''Made in Hong Kong'' |Fruit Chan |Hong Kong |- | rowspan="2" |1998 |''After Life'' |Hirokazu Koreeda |Japan |- |''Xiao Wu'' |Jia Zhangke |China |- |1999 |''Luna Papa'' |Bakhtyar Khudojnazarov |Tajikistan |- |2000 |''Platform'' |Jia Zhangke |China |- |2001 |''Delbaran'' |Abolfazl Jalili |Iran |- |2002 |''[[My Brother Silk Road]]'' |[[Marat Sarulu]] |Kyrgyzstan/Kazakhstan |- |2003 |Seven Days, Seven Nights |[[Joel Cano]] |Cuba |- |2004 |''Day and Night'' |Wang Chao |China |- |2005 |''Angel's Fall'' |Semih Kaplanoglu |Greece/Turkey |- |2006 |''[[A Few Kilos of Dates for a Funeral]]'' |Saman Salur |Iran |- |2008 |''[[Parque vía]]'' |Enrique Rivero |Mexico |- |2014 |''Hill of Freedom'' |Hong Sang-soo |South Korea |- |2015 |''Kaili Blues'' |Bi Gan |China |- |2016 |''[[In the Last Days of the City]]'' |Tamer El Said |Egypt |- |2017 |''[[Taming the Horse]]'' |[[Tao Gu]] |China |- |2018 |''Memories of My Body'' |Garin Nugroho |Indonesia |- |2019 |''Öndög'' |Wang Quan'an |China |- | rowspan="2" |2020 |''[[Moving On (2020 film)|Moving On]]'' |[[Yoon Dan Bi]] |South Korea |- |''[[Zero (2020 film)|Zero]]'' |[[Kazuhiro Sôda]] |Japan, USA |- |2021 |''Wheel of Fortune and Fantasy'' |Ryûsuke Hamaguchi |Japan |- |2022 |''Glorious Ashes'' |[[Bùi Thạc Chuyên]] |Vietnam |} == Ibindi gusoma == * ''Itara ryubumaji bwa Aziya'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Asia's magic lantern |url=http://www.unesco.org/courier/2000_10/uk/doss11.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907003108/http://www.unesco.org/courier/2000_10/uk/doss11.htm |archive-date=2008-09-07 |access-date=2008-12-16}}</ref> * Umunsi mukuru wimigabane itatu <ref>{{Cite web |title=FilmFestivals . Com – Festival of 3 Continents |url=http://www.filmfestivals.com/cgi-bin/fest_content/festivals.pl?debug=&year=2001&lang=en&partner=&fest=3_continents&page=listvideo&type=interviews |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604160859/http://www.filmfestivals.com/cgi-bin/fest_content/festivals.pl?debug=&year=2001&lang=en&partner=&fest=3_continents&page=listvideo&type=interviews |archive-date=2011-06-04 |access-date=2008-12-16}}</ref> * ''Ntabwo ari'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=staff |date=3 December 2001 |title=Euro-AICN: Festival des 3 Continents in Nantes; PrisonFish; Speed of Light; Bond; Shame'sPhotos;... |url=http://www.aintitcool.com/node/10925 |website=Aint It Cool News}}</ref> * ''Ubugingo Bwatsinze Afurika'', "Iserukiramuco rya Filime 3 ku mugabane wa Afurika - Afurika, Aziya, Amerika y'Epfo" * ''Amayeri ya Canary'', <ref>{{Cite web |title=International Theatre Festival of Three Continents |url=http://www.cunningcanary.com/40/international-theatre-festival-of-three-continents/ |website=cunningcanary.com |access-date=2025-09-25 |archive-date=2022-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630005549/https://www.cunningcanary.com/40/international-theatre-festival-of-three-continents/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> "Iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga ry'amakinamico yo ku migabane itatu" == Reba == {{Reflist}} 0zo50h77wybn71hhhycgdmmcnnndmbd 0 20545 139975 124803 2026-09-24T13:21:13Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iserukiramuco rya Filime rya San Diego''' niserukiramuco ribaburimwaka ribera San Diego, muri Californiya. Iserukiramuco ryemera firime nyafurika yo muri Amerika. Yashinzwe mu 2002 '''nk'iserukiramuco rya Noir'''. Nimwemubirori binini bya firime yabirabura muri Amerika. <ref>{{Cite web |title=San Diego Black Film Festival |url=https://www.sandiego.org/explore/events/film/san-diego-black-film-festival.aspx |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=www.sandiego.org |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-05-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522135625/https://www.sandiego.org/explore/events/film/san-diego-black-film-festival.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amateka == Iserukiramuco rya Filime yabirabura San Diego, ubusanzwerizwi kwizina rya Noir Film Festival, ryatangiye mu 2003 mucyumba cya hoteri muri Quarter ya Gaslamp. Herekanwe firime eshatu, abantubagera kuri 20 baritabiriye. <ref name="large">{{Cite news |last=Tony Cooper |date=January 23, 2011 |title=San Diego Black Film Festival: Living Large |url=http://www.sandiego.com/movies/san-diego-black-film-festival-living-large |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110126095520/http://www.sandiego.com/movies/san-diego-black-film-festival-living-large |archive-date=January 26, 2011 |work=San Diego.com}}</ref> Mu 2006 izina ry'iri serukiramuco ryahinduwe mu iserukiramuco rya sinema rya San Diego kuberako abateguye babonyeko harurujijo na " film noir ". Kugeza mumwaka wa 2011, hateganijwe filime 120 kandi hateganijwe ko abayitabira bari hagati ya 15.000 na 30.000, iri serukiramuco ryabaye rimwe mu maserukiramuco manini y’abirabura muri Amerika ndetse akaba n'imwe mu minsi mikuru ikomeye muri San Diego. <ref name="large" /> Ibirori byerekanye firime mubyiciro bikurikira: urwenya, ikinamico, documentaire, animasiyo, GLBT, iziteyubwoba, idini, abanyamahanga / Abanyafurika Diaspora, filime ngufi, amafilime yerekana amashusho. Muriryo serukiramuco hategurwa ibirori byo kwakira. Ibibuga byashyizwemo Theatre Yabahanzi Yunze ubumwe mw'isoko rya Westfield Horton Plaza, <ref name="large"/> Multiflex ya Gaslamp ya Pasifika, Theatre Grossmont Theatre i La Mesa, Ikinamico rya AMC Fashion Valley, UltraStar Mission Valley na Theatre Box mumujyi rwagati. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ong |first=Jermaine |date=2020-01-27 |title=African-American filmmaking celebrated at San Diego Black Film Festival |url=https://www.10news.com/lifestyle/exploring-san-diego/african-american-filmmaking-celebrated-at-san-diego-black-film-festival |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=KGTV |language=en}}</ref> Muri 2017 ryagutse mumakinamico atatu maze ritangira gutezimbere ikigo cy’amafirime y’abirabura, amaherezo kizakira ibirori ndetsenokubamo ububiko. <ref name="venues">{{Cite news |last=Beth Wood |date=April 20, 2017 |title=San Diego Black Film Festival has new venues |url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/entertainment/movies/sd-et-black-film-fest-20170420-story.html |work=[[San Diego Union-Tribune]]}}</ref> <ref name="KPBS">{{Cite news |last=Accomando |first=Beth |author-link=Beth Accomando |date=April 27, 2017 |title=San Diego Black Film Festival Celebrates 15th Year |url=http://www.kpbs.org/news/2017/apr/27/san-diego-black-film-festival-celebrates-15th-year/ |publisher=[[KPBS Public Media|KPBS]]}}</ref> Karen Willis n'umuyobozi w'iriserukiramuco; <ref name="large"/> Robin Givens yakiriyinshuro nyinshi. <ref name="venues"/> == Reba == {{Reflist}} ixtxurhqucl8fw4373f9zdew0776st8 0 20555 140146 124530 2026-09-25T09:12:00Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140146 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Dark Tide''''' ni filime iteye ubwoba yomuri 2012 yakozwe na John Stockwell, ishorwamo na Jeanette Buerling (uzwi ku izina rya Jeanette B. Milio) na Matthew E. Chausse kandi yanditswe na Ronnie Christensen na Amy Sorlie. Iyifilime ishingiye kunkuru ya Amy Sorlie ikinamo Halle Berry, Olivier Martinez, na Ralph Brown. Filime yari yananiwe bikomeye nabox-office bomb. == Umugambi == Kate ni impuguke mubucuruzi bwananiranye numbwo rimwe narimwe kuba uba impuguke ntago byijya bibura aba bihitana. Kate amaze kwitwa "shark whisperer", Kate ahigwa bukware nibuka icyo gitero kandi ntashobora gusubira mumazi. Hamwe na fagitire zuzuye kandi banki igiye kwambura ubwato bwa Kate, umugabo wa Kate, Jeff, Jeff, yamuhaye amahirwe menshi: kuyobora umucuruzi w’umukungu w’umukungu w’umuherwe n’umuhungu we w’umwangavu ku mwobo w’akaga - hanze y’akazu. Mu kurwanya amakenga ye no gutinya, Kate yemeye icyo cyifuzo kandi ashyiraho inzira y’ubutaka bwica kurusha abandi ku isi, "Shark Alley". == Abakinnyi == * Halle Berry nka Kate Mathieson * Olivier Martinez nka Jeff Mathieson * Ralph Brown nka William Brady * Luke Tyler nka Luke Brady * Mark Elderkin nka Tommy Phillips * Sizwe Msutu nka Themba * Thoko Ntshinga nka Zukie == Umusaruro == Gukorwa batangiye muri Nyakanga 2010 i False Bay, Cape Town, [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'Epfo]], maze urasa ibyumweru bitandatu mubwato buto bufite inyanja nini yera. Ibicuruzwa byaje kwimukira mu Bwongereza mu byumweru bitatu bifata amashusho muri Stidiyo ya Pinewood kuri stade y’amazi nokuri Sitidiyo ya Black Hangar ku kigega cyamazi yo hanze. Amajwi yanditswe kandi akorwa na Mark Sayfritz. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Raup |first=Jordan |date=15 June 2011 |title='Dark Tide' Trailer: Halle Berry Becomes Shark Attack Expert |url=https://thefilmstage.com/trailer/dark-tide-trailer-halle-berry-becomes-shark-attack-expert/ |access-date=16 May 2019 |website=The Film Stage}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2011 |title=Dark Tide – Trailer for Halle Berry's shark attack movie |url=http://www.liveforfilms.com/2011/06/15/dark-tide-trailer-for-halle-berrys-shark-attack-movie/ |url-status= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110822034646/http://www.liveforfilms.com/2011/06/15/dark-tide-trailer-for-halle-berrys-shark-attack-movie/ |archive-date=22 August 2011 |access-date=16 May 2019 |website=Live for Films}}</ref> == Kwakira == Ku Rotten Tomatoes, filime ifite igipimo kidasanzwe cyo kwemerwa cya 0% hashingiwe kubisubizo byatanzwe nabanegura 20, impuzandengo ya 2.59 / 10. Ubwumvikane buke bwurubuga bugira buti: "Shallow and brackish, ''Tide Tide'' yananiwe kuzamuka". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dark Tide (2012) |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/dark_tide_2011 |access-date=2 July 2019 |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |publisher=[[Fandango Media|Fandango]]}}</ref> Kuri Metacritic, ifite amanota 23% hashingiwe kubisubizo byatanzwe nabanegura 4, byerekana "murirusange bidakwiye". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dark Tide |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/dark-tide |access-date=2020-04-20 |website=[[Metacritic]]}}</ref> == Reba kandi == * Urutonde rwa firime zifite 0% kurutonde rwinyanya ziboze * Urutonde rwabicanyi ba firime == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * Dark Tide at IMDb * [http://www.blackfilm.com/read/2011/05/dark-tide/ ''Dark Tide''] at BlackFilm.com {{John Stockwell}} af5n64c5us4mebj76x06dagbtuaig4w 0 20598 140080 124600 2026-09-25T09:04:17Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140080 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Going Bongo''''' ni film yikinamico iseje yabanyamerika-Tanzaniya yomuri 2015 yayobowe na [[Dean Matthew Ronalds]] kandi yakozwe na Brian Ronalds. Muri iyifilime hagaragaramo [[Ernest Napoleon]] kandi hagaragaramo Emanuela Galliussi, [[Nyokabi Gethaiga]] na [[Ashley Olds]]. Yafatiwe amashusho muri Los Angeles na Tanzaniya. Iyifilime yatorewe ibihembo bya Zuku Bongo Movies Awards muri 2015 yatangajwe mw [[Zanzibar International Film Festival|iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya filime rya Zanzibar]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2015 |title=Nominees revealed for the Zuku Bongo Movies Awards |url=https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/31107/nominees-revealed-for-the-zuku-bongo-movies-awards.html |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> Yatsindiye Filime Nziza yIburasirazuba bwafurika. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 July 2015 |title=ZIFF paints a brighter future as it closes |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/magazines/the-beat/ziff-paints-a-brighter-future-as-it-closes-2529104 |website=The Citizen}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Zanzibar International Film Festival (ZIFF) 2015 |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=37461 |website=Africultures}}</ref> == Umugambi == Umuganga mushya w’umunyamerika "kubw' impanuka" kubushake yijyana gukora muri Tanzaniya, muri Afurika ukwezi kose. iyiFilime ishingiye kunkuru yanayayo yumuganga wumufaransa wavuye i Burayi akajya muri Afrika. == Abakinnyi ==   == Kurekura == Iyi filime yerekanwe bwambere i london muri CineWorld Haymarket kuya 4 Kamena 2015. == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * Going Bongo at IMDb 1js4vbegdi5s4dhtb0m6zqk5wwucvjq 0 20642 140089 138809 2026-09-25T09:05:20Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140089 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Banker''''' ni filime yikinamico yakiniwe kandi inasohokera mu gihugu cya Nigeriya 2015, yakozwe kandi iyobowe na Emem Isong na Ikechukwu Onyeka. Iyi filime yakinnye na Mbong Amata, Maureen Okpoko, Belinda Effah na Seun Akindele. Yerekanwe bwa mbere muri Civic Centre, Lagos ku ya 16 Gicurasi 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 1, 2015 |title='The Banker', A New Royal Arts Academy Film, Starring Belinda Effah, Seun Akindele, Mbong Amata, Nsikan Isaac is Set to be Premiered! |url=http://goldenicons.com/the-banker-a-new-royal-arts-academy-film-starring-belinda-effah-seun-akindele-mbong-amata-nsikan-isaac-set-to-be-premiered/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814150425/http://goldenicons.com/the-banker-a-new-royal-arts-academy-film-starring-belinda-effah-seun-akindele-mbong-amata-nsikan-isaac-set-to-be-premiered/ |archive-date=14 August 2020 |access-date=2017-12-25 |website=Golden Icons}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Photos from The Banker Premiere |url=http://www.nollywoodaccess.com/official-photos-from-the-dvd-launchpremierethe-of-the-banker/ |access-date=25 December 2017 |website=nollywoodaccess.com}}</ref> inkuru yiyi filimi ya The Backer ishingiye ku kuntu abanyamabanki b’abagore bakoresha igitsina cyabo kugirango babone inyungu nziza kubakiriya babo. Irasura kandi ibihe nububabare bwamarangamutima banyuramo mugusohoza intego zamasosiyete, mugihe havugwa imyumvire itandukanye ya nyirabukwe, nabagore bafite abagabo bakorana nabanyamabanki b’abagore muri Nijeriya. == Umugambi == Chinwe ni umugore wakoraga muri banki akaba yari umuhanga akaba kandi yarakoreshaga ubuhanga inzira zose zishoboka kugirango abakiriya babagabo kandi babakire bafungure konti zamafaranga, batitaye kubyo basaba. Uzaba sebukwe atekereza ko abanyamabanki bose b'abagore ari abasambanyi kandi ko batazemera gushyingirwa n'umuhungu we. Ibi bimutera kohereza inshuti nyinshi zabakire nkumukiriya ushobora kugerageza kumureshya ngo aryamane nabo, kugirango arebe niba azahagarara. == Abakinnyi == * Mbong Amata nka Chinwe * Ifeanyi Kalu nka Kunle Jnr * Emma Ayalogu nka Kunle Snr * Nichole Banna nkurwenya * Donald Edet nkumuzamu wa Kunle * Nsikan Isaac nka Helen * Shina Ogunjumelo nka Sir Nwade * Gregory Ojefua nka Obi * Maureen Okpoko nka Vivian * Seun Akindele nka David * Belinda Effah nka Daisy Aburi == Kwakira == Nollywood Reinvented yahaye iyi filime amanota 2.5 kuri 5, ayinenga ko idafite umwimerere kandi yitaweho cyane. Iyi filime yasobanuwe kandi ko idashoboka mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ariko yavuze ko kumenyekanisha Seun Akindele mu gice cya nyuma cya filime byazanye ubuzima runaka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=June 19, 2015 |title=The Banker |url=http://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2015/06/the-banker1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708132311/http://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2015/06/the-banker1.html |archive-date=8 July 2017 |access-date=2017-12-25 |website=[[Nollywood Reinvented]]}}</ref> Ku biganiro bya Filime nyafurika, urubuga rwo gusubiramo rushobora "gusaba" cyangwa "gusohora" film; ''Umunyamabanki'' "yasabwe", umwanditsi ashima uburyo "bugororotse-ku-ngingo". Ariko, byumvaga icyerekezo cyimyandikire kidahuye rwose nukuri. Yasabye kandi ko inkuru yari ikwiye kuba itandukanye, mu gihe ishima imikorere ya Seun Akindele. <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 7, 2016 |title=The Banker |url=http://www.talkafricanmovies.com/the-banker/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727214241/https://www.talkafricanmovies.com/the-banker/ |archive-date=27 July 2020 |access-date=2017-12-25 |website=talkafricanmovies.com}}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} qp653dsrbewkxducq45ajel0m7cea3j 0 20677 140213 124696 2026-09-25T11:56:34Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140213 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''Ijewuru''''' ni film yogusetsa yomuri Nigeriya ivuga amarushanwa y'ibiryo. Irimo abakinnyi Baba Tee na Eniola Badmus. Yakozwe na Babatunde Bernard Tayo. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation ikenewe</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Gutanga ibihembo == Mubihembo bya 2012 bya Nollywood Awards (BON), filime yatowe muri Filime yogusetsa y'umwaka. Byongeye kandi, Badmus yatowe nk'umukinnyi mwiza wa Yoruba. Iyi filime kandi yatorewe igihembo cya Filime nziza yo gusetsa muri Yoruba Movies Academy Awards (YMAA) mu <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Olufunmi |first=Dapo |date=2012-09-11 |title=Mercy Aigbe, Nonso Diobi to host Best Of Nollywood awards |url=https://dailypost.ng/2012/09/11/mercy-aigbe-nonso-diobi-host-best-of-nollywood-awards/ |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Orenuga |first=Adenike |date=2014-03-31 |title=Yoruba Movie Awards: Odunlade Adekola, Fathia Balogun, others win [See full list of winners] |url=https://dailypost.ng/2014/03/31/yoruba-movie-awards-odunlade-adekola-fathia-balogun-others-win-see-full-list-winners/ |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} nr6tvlocrk6wc2xtr9ovx6q8dn9196c 0 20697 140198 124719 2026-09-25T11:54:53Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140198 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''Ifarashi ya Zahabu''''' ni filime yinkinamico yakozwe mu mwaka wi 1989 yomuri Tuniziya yayobowe na Nouri Bouzid. Yerekanwe mugice cya Un Certain Regard mw' iserukiramuco rya sinema rya Cannes 1989 . <ref name="festival-cannes.com">{{Cite web |title=Festival de Cannes: Golden Horseshoes |url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/260/year/1989.html |access-date=2 August 2009 |website=festival-cannes.com}}</ref> == Umugambi == Youssef Soltane, wimyaka 45 umunyabwenge wo muri Tuniziya, ni umusaruro w'igisekuru cyabayeho mu bihe bya euphoria n'ibitekerezo bikomeye muri za mirongo itandatu, no gutsindwa kwabo. Yarafunzwe kandi yicwa urubozo azira ibitekerezo bya politiki. Byongeye kandi, umubano we na Zineb, burugumesitiri ukirimuto, mwiza, bimuzanira ibibazo byinshi. Mwijoro rimwe rirerire, Youssef azerera ashakisha ahantu amarangamutima amuyobora, ahiga ibibazo byose bimwibuka. == Abakinnyi == * Hichem Rostom nka Youssef * Hamadi Zarrouk * Michket Krifa * Chadia Azzouz * Fatma Attia * Sondos Belhassen * Saida Ben Chedli * Bechir Bouzaiane * Walid Bouzayane * Sabah Bouzouita * Marianne Catzaras * Khaled El Bibi * Martine Gafsi * Fethi Haddaoui * Rym Kechiche * Farah Khadar * Rashe Manai == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == dwb9a275ivht9miw54y8pstl2sbuq1v 0 20727 140090 124748 2026-09-25T09:05:27Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140090 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Os Flagelados do Vento Leste''''' ( [[Igiporutigali|mugiporutugali]] bisobanura "Abahohotewe n'Umuyaga w'Iburasirazuba") ni igitabo cyasohowe mu 1960 numwanditsi wa [[Kapu Veri|Cape Verdean,]] Manuel Lopes. Hamwe na ''Claridade'', Baltazar Lopes yitabiriye Manuel Lopes na Jorge Barbosa hamwe nabashinze iryosuzumaizina ryari ihuriro mu baharanira inyungu zabo. icyigitabo cyahawe igihembo cya ''Meio Milénio do Achamento das Ilhas de Cabo Verde''. <ref name="baptista">{{Cite web |last=Baptista |first=Maria Luísa |date=2007 |title=Vertentes da Insularidade na Novelística de Manuel Lopes |url=http://www.africanos.eu/ceaup/uploads/EB001.pdf |access-date=20 October 2015 |publisher=Centro de Estudos Africanos da Universidade do Porto |language=pt}}</ref> Igitabo cyahinduwe murifirime iyobowe na [[António Faria]] mu 1987. == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://livroditera.blogspot.com/2006/09/os-flagelados-do-vento-leste.html ''Os Flagelados do Vento Leste'' kuri livroditera.blogspot.com] * Os Flagelados do Vento Leste drqz8wrpr5w1jlshkv4ovdfbrwi4jfo 0 20783 140206 134801 2026-09-25T11:55:47Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140206 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox National handball team||Name=Egypt|Type=Wheelchair handball team|Badge=Egypt handball team shirt crest 2016.svg|Badge_size=140px|Nickname=The Pharaohs|Association=[[Egyptian Handball Federation]]|Coach=|Captain=|Most caps=|Most goals=|pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=_blackcollar|pattern_ra1=|pattern_sh1=_blacksides|leftarm1=FF0000|body1=FF0000|rightarm1=FF0000|shorts1=FFFFFF|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=_redcollar|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=_whitesides|leftarm2=FFFFFF|body2=FFFFFF|rightarm2=FFFFFF|shorts2=000000|Summer Paralympic apps=|Summer Paralympic first=|Summer Paralympic best=|World cup apps=2|World cup first=|World cup best={{World1}} ([[2024 Wheelchair Handball World Championship|2024]])|Regional name=|Regional cup apps=|Regional cup first=|Regional cup best=|updated=21 September 2024}}{{Infobox National handball team||Name=Egypt|Type=Wheelchair handball team|Badge=Egypt handball team shirt crest 2016.svg|Badge_size=140px|Nickname=The Pharaohs|Association=[[Egyptian Handball Federation]]|Coach=|Captain=|Most caps=|Most goals=|pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=_blackcollar|pattern_ra1=|pattern_sh1=_blacksides|leftarm1=FF0000|body1=FF0000|rightarm1=FF0000|shorts1=FFFFFF|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=_redcollar|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=_whitesides|leftarm2=FFFFFF|body2=FFFFFF|rightarm2=FFFFFF|shorts2=000000|Summer Paralympic apps=|Summer Paralympic first=|Summer Paralympic best=|World cup apps=2|World cup first=|World cup best={{World1}} ([[2024 Wheelchair Handball World Championship|2024]])|Regional name=|Regional cup apps=|Regional cup first=|Regional cup best=|updated=21 September 2024}}{{MedalTableTop}} {{MedalCompetition|[[IHF Wheelchair Handball World Championship|IHF Wheelchair World Championship]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2024 Wheelchair Handball World Championship|2024 Egypt]]|}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 Wheelchair Handball World Championship|2022 Egypt]]|}} {{MedalBottom}}'''Ikipe y'igihugu ya Misiri y'abamugaye mu magare''' ni ikipe y'igihugu y'abamugaye mu magare ya Misiri kandi iyobowe na Federasiyo ya Handball yo mu Misiri. Igihugu cya Egiputa cyageze ku mwanya wa 1 mu nshuro ya gatatu ya Shampiyona y’isi y’ibimuga ya IHF Bane ku ruhande, cyabereye mu Misiri. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Egypt deliver perfect final to be crowned champions at the 3rd IHF Wheelchair Handball World Championship |url=https://www.ihf.info/competitions/men/308/3rd-ihf-wheelchair-handball-world-championship-2024-egy/177153/news/193972 |access-date=2024-09-21 |website=ihf.info/}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" ! colspan="9" |Irushanwa ry’Isi rya Handball ikoreshwa intebe y’abafite ubumuga ry’ishyirahamwe IHF |- ! Imikino ! Umwanya ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |- |- bgcolor="silver" | style="border: 3px solid red" |[[2022 Wheelchair Handball World Championship|2022 Misiri]] | Abakurikiye intsinzi ya mbere | 6 | 4 | 2 | 9 | 4 | 78 | 62 |- |- bgcolor="gold" | style="border: 3px solid red" |[[2024 Wheelchair Handball World Championship|2024 Misiri]] | Abatinze | 6 | 5 | 1 | 11 | 3 | 98 | 73 |- ! Igiteranyo ! colspan="" | Yujuje ibyangombwa: 2/2 ! 12 ! 9 ! 3 ! 20 ! 7 ! 176 ! 135 |} == Ikipe == Amakipe mpuzamahanga yo muri Egiputa muri Shampiyona yisi 2022 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2022 |title=Team Roster Egypt |url=https://www.ihf.info/sites/default/files/competitions/d506ae74-1d50-494c-aca8-f152149e32b3/pdf/EGY.PDF |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924154525/https://www.ihf.info/sites/default/files/competitions/d506ae74-1d50-494c-aca8-f152149e32b3/pdf/EGY.PDF |archive-date=24 September 2022 |access-date=24 September 2022 |publisher=[[International Handball Federation]]}}</ref> <section begin="EGY" />Umutoza mukuru: [[Wael Abdelaaty]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wael Abdelaaty Journey Through Indoor |url=https://www.ihf.info/competitions/men/308/1st-ihf-four-a-side-wheelchair-handball-world-championship/101855/news/109795 |access-date=2022-09-23 |website=ihf.info/}}</ref>{{Nat hs start|fs=95}} {{Nat hs player|no=3|pos=|name=[[Ayyat Ahmed Said Mohamed Ibrahim]]|age={{birth date and age|2003|03|03|df=y}}|height=1.60 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=W}} {{Nat hs player|no=9|pos=|name=[[Ahmed Essam Khalil Abdelrahman]]|age={{birth date and age|1996|06|03|df=y}}|height=1.83 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=M}} {{Nat hs player|no=10|pos=|name=[[Samy Mansour Abdelrahman Elsabaawy]]|age={{birth date and age|1981|02|06|df=y}}|height=1.60 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=M}} {{Nat hs player|no=13|pos=|name=[[Rabie Hosni Hassanein Gouda]]|age={{birth date and age|1980|02|16|df=y}}|height=1.80 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=M}} {{Nat hs player|no=28|pos=|name=[[Wafaa Mohamed Abdallah Younis]]|age={{birth date and age|1975|12|07|df=y}}|height=1.55 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=W}} {{Nat hs player|no=44|pos=|name=[[Touba Magdi Mahmoud Issa]]|age={{birth date and age|1985|10|12|df=y}}|height=1.55 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=M}} {{Nat hs player|no=45|pos=|name=[[Mohamed Mohamed Hassabelnabi Ahmed]]|age={{birth date and age|1989|04|29|df=y}}|height=1.80 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=M}} {{Nat hs player|no=55|pos=|name=[[Magdy Talaat Abdo Abbas]]|age={{birth date and age|1996|03|06|df=y}}|height=1.20 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=M}} {{Nat hs player|no=66|pos=|name=[[Mohamed Anwar Ahmed Hassanein]]|age={{birth date and age|1982|11|05|df=y}}|height=1.82 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=M}} {{Nat hs player|no=99|pos=|name=[[Mohamed Farag Gomaa Abdelaziz]]|age={{birth date and age|1978|02|09|df=y}}|height=1.63 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=M}} {{Nat hs player|no=|pos=|name='''Average'''|age=age 35.2|height=1.64 m|apps=0|goals=0|club=|clubnat=|other=}} {{Nat hs end}} * Ikipe y'igihugu ya Misiri y'abagabo * Ikipe y'igihugu ya Misiri mu gihugu cy'abatarengeje imyaka 21 * Ikipe y'igihugu ya Misiri mu gihugu cy'abatarengeje imyaka 19 * [[Egypt men's national under-17 handball team|Ikipe yigihugu ya Misiri yigihugu yabatarengeje imyaka 17]] * Ikipe yigihugu ya misiri yigihugu ya handball == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://www.ehf.com.eg/ Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Handball mu Misiri] * [https://www.ihf.info/member-federations/egypt/135 Umwirondoro wa IHF] {{National sports teams of Egypt}} tncn7v9ailzu9i3wuq98td6wq00r1xz 0 20808 140021 132244 2026-09-24T13:26:45Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140021 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Itsinda ry’u Bwongereza ry’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (LD)''' ni imwe mu makipe umunani y’ubumuga ashyigikiwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’umupira wamaguru. Kugira ngo umukinnyi ajye muri iri tsinda, agomba kuba afite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, afite IQ iri munsi cyangwa ingana na 70–75, nk’uko bisobanurwa n’ Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS). Nanone kandi, umukinnyi agomba kuba yarahawe uburezi bwihariye, cyangwa yaritabiriye akazi cyangwa serivisi z’ituzanwa hagati y’imyaka 0 kugeza kuri 18. <ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-08-30 |title=England ready for title defence |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/disability_sport/5293110.stm |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=BBC Sport}} (Final two paragraphs).</ref> Itsinda ry’u Bwongereza <ref>{{Cite news |last=Davies |first=Jeff |date=2002-08-25 |title=England LD's are top of the World |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20060326120927/http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/ |archive-date=2006-03-26 |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=The FA}}</ref> ry’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (England LD team) ryatsindiye igikombe cy’isi cy’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe mu mikino ya INAS mu mwaka wa 2002, ubwo ryatsindaga Ubuholandi (Netherlands) ibitego 2–1 kuri Stade Yokohama, mu Buyapani, muri Kanama 2002. <ref>{{Cite news |date=2003-08-13 |title=Disappointment for England |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/disability_sport/3147297.stm |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Mu kwezi kwa Kanama 2003, bageze ku mukino wa nyuma w’irushanwa rya Learning Disabilities European Championships, ariko batsindirwa ibitego 2–1 n’Ubuholandi muri Portugal. Mu mwaka wa 2004, muri Kanama, babaye abanyarukiko b’isi mu mikino ya mbere yiswe Global Games, batsinda [[Polonye]] ibitego 4–1 ku mukino wa nyuma wabereye i Bollnäs, muri Suède (Sweden). <ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-08-03 |title=England win Global Games title |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/disability_sport/3531712.stm |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ariko, abari bafite igikombe cy’isi batsinzwe mu mikino ya ¼ cy’irushanwa (quarter finals) y’irushanwa rya INAS FID World Football Championship mu mwaka wa 2006, batsindwa ibitego 4–1 na Arabie Saoudite (Saudi Arabia) i Recklinghausen, mu Budage. <ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-09-11 |title=World Cup defence ends |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/NewsAndFeatures/Postings/2006/09/WorldCup_defence_ends.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080906235129/http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/NewsAndFeatures/Postings/2006/09/WorldCup_defence_ends.htm |archive-date=2008-09-06 |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=The FA}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060326120927/http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/ Urubuga rwemewe rwa FA, Amakipe yamugaye] {{England national football team}} 9sdbtmk3kx2cqo1fj4ukw7dku5lfpoa 0 20819 140147 124999 2026-09-25T09:12:07Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140147 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Komisiyo y’Uburenganzira bw’Abafite Ubumuga (Disability Rights Commission – DRC)''' yashyirwagaho n’ubuyobozi bwa British Labour mu mwaka wa 1999. Icyo gihe, DRC yari komisiyo ya gatatu ishinzwe uburinganire mu Bwongereza, iri kumwe na komisiyo ishinzwe uburinganire bw’amoko na komisiyo ishinzwe amahirwe angana. Umuyobozi wayo kuva 2000 kugeza 2007 yari Bert Massie. DRC yashinzwe gusuzuma Itegekory’Iribagiza Abafite Ubumuga rya 1995 gutanga inama ku byerekeye impinduka zaryo. Yagize uburenganzira bwo gukora iperereza no gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko arebana n’ubumuga, kandi yari ishinzwe kugisha inama abakoresha ku buryo bwo kwakira no guha amahirwe angana abakozi bafite ubumuga mu kazi. DRC yasimbuye ikigo cyabanje kandi cyari gifite imbaraga nke, aricyo National Disability Council, cyashinzwe n’abashinzwe politike ya Conservatives mu myaka ya 1990. Itegeko ry’Uburenganzira Bungana rya 2006 ryatumye mu kwezi kwa cumi 2007, DRC isimburwa n’ikigo gishya cyitwa komisiyo nshya y’uburinganire n’uburenganzira bwa muntu, gifite ububasha ku mategeko yose arebana n’uburinganire, harimo ivangura ry’amoko, igitsina, ubumuga, idini n’imyemerere, uburyo bw’imibonano mpuzabitsina n’imyaka. DRC yari ikigo cya leta kitari mu nzego za minisiteri (NDPB) cyari gishyikirizwa Ishami ry’Umurimo n’Imisanzu. Ibiro byayo bikuru byari mu mujyi wa Manchester, kandi hari n’ibindi biro i London, Cardiff, na Edinburgh. == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081201023739/http://83.137.212.42/sitearchive/drc/default.html Urubuga rwa komisiyo ishinzwe uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga] * [https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/disability-rights-commission Urupapuro rwa komisiyo ishinzwe uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga kuri gov.uk.] eou2s3m08uf5u0vjvmr21swaoinchxz 0 20824 140165 132245 2026-09-25T09:28:14Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140165 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Itsinda ry’u Bwongereza ry’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (LD)''' ni imwe mu makipe umunani y’ubumuga ashyigikiwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’umupira wamaguru. Kugira ngo umukinnyi ajye muri iri tsinda, agomba kuba afite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, afite IQ iri munsi cyangwa ingana na 70–75, nk’uko bisobanurwa n’ Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS). Nanone kandi, umukinnyi agomba kuba yarahawe uburezi bwihariye, cyangwa yaritabiriye akazi cyangwa serivisi z’ituzanwa hagati y’imyaka 0 kugeza kuri 18. <ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-08-30 |title=England ready for title defence |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/disability_sport/5293110.stm |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=BBC Sport}} (Final two paragraphs).</ref> Itsinda ry’u Bwongereza <ref>{{Cite news |last=Davies |first=Jeff |date=2002-08-25 |title=England LD's are top of the World |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20060326120927/http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/ |archive-date=2006-03-26 |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=The FA}}</ref> ry’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (England LD team) ryatsindiye igikombe cy’isi cy’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe mu mikino ya INAS mu mwaka wa 2002, ubwo ryatsindaga Ubuholandi (Netherlands) ibitego 2–1 kuri Stade Yokohama, mu Buyapani, muri Kanama 2002. <ref>{{Cite news |date=2003-08-13 |title=Disappointment for England |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/disability_sport/3147297.stm |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Mu kwezi kwa Kanama 2003, bageze ku mukino wa nyuma w’irushanwa rya Learning Disabilities European Championships, ariko batsindirwa ibitego 2–1 n’Ubuholandi muri Portugal. Mu mwaka wa 2004, muri Kanama, babaye abanyarukiko b’isi mu mikino ya mbere yiswe Global Games, batsinda [[Polonye]] ibitego 4–1 ku mukino wa nyuma wabereye i Bollnäs, muri Suède (Sweden). <ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-08-03 |title=England win Global Games title |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/disability_sport/3531712.stm |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ariko, abari bafite igikombe cy’isi batsinzwe mu mikino ya ¼ cy’irushanwa (quarter finals) y’irushanwa rya INAS FID World Football Championship mu mwaka wa 2006, batsindwa ibitego 4–1 na Arabie Saoudite (Saudi Arabia) i Recklinghausen, mu Budage. <ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-09-11 |title=World Cup defence ends |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/NewsAndFeatures/Postings/2006/09/WorldCup_defence_ends.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080906235129/http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/NewsAndFeatures/Postings/2006/09/WorldCup_defence_ends.htm |archive-date=2008-09-06 |access-date=2008-02-04 |publisher=The FA}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060326120927/http://www.thefa.com/England/DisabledTeams/ Urubuga rwemewe rwa FA, Amakipe yamugaye] {{England national football team}} 9sdbtmk3kx2cqo1fj4ukw7dku5lfpoa 0 20888 140091 125217 2026-09-25T09:05:34Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140091 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Timothy Clarence Johnson''' MNZM (yavutse ku wa 4 Gashyantare 1976) ni umuyobozi wa siporo w’abafite ubumuga muri Nouvelle-Zélande akaba yarahoze akina umikino wa rugby w’abafite ubumuga bwo kugendera mu kagare. Yabaye kapiteni w’ikipe Wheel Blacks, ikipe y’igihugu ya Nouvelle-Zélande ikina rugby y’abakoresha amagare y’abafite ubumuga. Johnson yari umunyamuryango w’amakipe ya Nouvelle-Zélande akina rugby y’abakoresha amagare kuva mu 1998 kugeza mu 2010, harimo n’ikipe yatwaye umudali wa zahabu mu mikino ya Paralympics yo mu mpeshyi ya 2004 yabereye Atenayi, ndetse n’ikipe yatwaye umudali wa feza mu mikino ya Paralympics yo mu 2000 yabereye i Sydney. Mu mikino ya Paralympics yo mu 2008, yari umukinnyi n'umutoza wungirije mu ikipe ya Nouvelle-Zélande, yaje ku mwanya wa gatanu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2008 |title=Paralympics NZ announces strong team for Beijing |url=http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/CU0805/S00055.htm}}</ref> Yatsindiye umudali wa feza mu marushanwa y’isi yabereye i Toronto mu 1998 no muri Christchurch mu 2006, kandi yari kapiteni w’ikipe yo mu 2006. Yabaye perezida wa New Zealand Wheelchair Rugby kuva mu 2003 kugeza mu 2004, ndetse nanone kuva mu 2011 kugeza mu 2014. Yanakoreye iyo nzego nk’umubitsi hagati y’umwaka wa 2005 na 2006. Yanahagarariye abakinnyi muri Komite Olempike ya Nouvelle-Zélande kuva mu 2003 kugeza mu 2014. <ref name="MNZM citation">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2015 |title=Citations for Members of the New Zealand Order of Merit |url=http://www.dpmc.govt.nz/honours/lists/qb2015-mnzm#johnsont |access-date=1 June 2015 |website= |publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet}}</ref> Johnson yize muri Kaminuza ya Canterbury no muri Christchurch College of Education, aho yasoje afite impamyabumenyi ya Bachelor of Engineering with Honours mu bijyanye n’amashanyarazi, elektroniki n’itumanaho mu 1998, Graduate Diploma mu Kwigisha no Kwiga (Secondary) mu 1999, ndetse na Master of Engineering mu 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Graduate search |url=http://www.canterbury.ac.nz/graduatesearch/graduatesearch.aspx |access-date=1 June 2015 |website= |publisher=University of Canterbury}}</ref> Yanize kandi muri Victoria University of Technology i Melbourne ndetse no muri Auckland University of Technology. Yarangije amasomo ajyanye na Graduate Diploma mu Kwita ku Mirimo y’Abakinnyi B’abahanga mu 2005, kandi yasoje afite Graduate Certificate mu Buyobozi bw’Ubucuruzi (Part MBA) mu 2015.Yahawe impamyabumenyi ya kaminuza ya Canterbury na Nouvelle-Zélande Blues mu mukino wa rugby y’abakoresha amagare. <ref name="MNZM citation">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2015 |title=Citations for Members of the New Zealand Order of Merit |url=http://www.dpmc.govt.nz/honours/lists/qb2015-mnzm#johnsont |access-date=1 June 2015 |website= |publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.dpmc.govt.nz/honours/lists/qb2015-mnzm#johnsont "Citations for Members of the New Zealand Order of Merit"]. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 1 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> Kuri ubu akora nka Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe amarushanwa muri ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga rya rugby y’abakoresha amagare (WWR), aho yamaze kuba umunyamuryango w’ingenzi kuva mu 2007. Ni Umutoza wungirije w’Ikoranabuhanga mu mikino ya Paralympics yo mu mpeshyi ya 2024 i Paris, kandi ni Umutoza w’Ikoranabuhanga mu gikombe mpuzamahanga cya 2023 cya Rugby y'abakoresha amagare. Yanabaye Umutoza w’Ikoranabuhanga mu marushanwa akurikira: 2023 WWR Asia-Oceania Championship, 2018 IWRF World Championships, ndetse na 2013, 2015 na 2019 IWRF Asia-Oceania Championships. Yakoze imirimo myinshi muri sosiyete ishinzwe indishyi zimpanuka kuva mu mwaka wa 2006 kugeza mu mwaka wa 2019 Mu isabukuru y’amavuko y’umwamikazi wa 2015, Johnson yagizwe Umunyamuryango w’icyubahiro cya Nouvelle-Zélande, muri serivisi z’imikino y’abafite ubumuga. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2015 |title=Queen's Birthday honours list 2015 |url=http://www.dpmc.govt.nz/honours/lists/qb2015-list |access-date=1 June 2015 |publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * Tim Johnson at Paralympics New Zealand * Timothy Johnson at the International Paralympic Committee {{2008 New Zealand Paralympic team}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Johnson, Tim}} qsrslgphuc3nz2nrdagmo0oe9key9s6 0 20904 140137 125234 2026-09-25T09:10:57Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140137 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Itegeko Nshingiro rya Paralympic''' ni izina ryahawe urutonde rw’amategeko n’amabwiriza agenga imikorere y'imikino y'abamugaye. Rishyiraho Itegeko Nshingiro rya Komite Mpuzamahanga ya Paralympic n’abandi bagize umuryango wa Paralympic, harimo komite za Paralympic z’ibihugu n’izindi nzego z’imikino. Itegeko Nshingiro rya Paralympic rihuye kandi rikurikira Itegeko Nshingiro rya Olympic. Abasesenguzi b’iby’ubumenyi bw’imikino bagaragaje ko intego z’umuryango wa Paralympic zigaragazwa mu Itegeko Nshingiro n’ibindi nyandiko z’ingenzi ari “zitomoye” kandi zidahwitse neza nk’uko byifuzwa ugereranyije n’Itegeko Nshingiro rya Olympic. <ref name="GilbertSchantz2009">{{Cite book |last=Keith Gilbert |date=27 January 2009 |title=The Paralympic Games: Empowerment Or Side Show? |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JnP_ZJUUdPwC&pg=PA36 |last2=Otto J. Schantz |publisher=Meyer & Meyer Verlag |isbn=978-1-84126-265-9 |pages=36 |access-date=10 October 2012}}</ref> == Reba kandi == * Amategeko agenga imyitwarire ya FIFA * Itegeko rigenga imiyoborere y'igihugu, 2025 * Urutonde rwamashyirahamwe yimikino mpuzamahanga == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.paralympic.org/TheIPC/HWA/Handbook Igitabo cya IPC] {{Paralympic Games}} 9r94oqs8x8day7poy8dcvpy9rzpk6p6 0 20936 140207 134510 2026-09-25T11:55:54Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140207 wikitext text/x-wiki   WordQ® ni porogaramu ifasha ikoranabuhanga yateguwe na Quillsoft Ltd hamwe n’ibitaro bya Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital. Intego nyamukuru ya WordQ ni ugufasha abantu bahanganye nogusoma no kwandika ndetse ikanafasha abafite ubumuga butandukanye. Akenshi urwo rugamba ruterwa '''n'ubumuga bw'umubiri cyangwa''' neurodivergence nka Dyslexia cyangwa ADHD. WordQ ikoresha ijambo ryubwenge guhanura kugirango yerekane amagambo umukoresha yandika muri buke 1.3. Ibi bifasha imyandikire, kandi bikana gabanya ingano yimikorere yumubiri umukoresha agomba gukora mugihe yandika. Ikoresha kandi ubuziranenge bwa Acapela inyandiko ndetse n'amajwi kugirango asome inyandiko yinyuma uyikoresha yinjiye, yemerera kugenzura no guhindura. Ikiranga imvugo ya WordQs, SpeakQ®, yashyizwe muri desktop ya WordQ ya Windows OS. Iyemerera abakoresha guhinduranya kuvuga no kwandika mugihe wandika. Ibiro bya WordQ biraboneka kuri Windows na Mac OS, iWordQ iraboneka kuri iPadOS, naho WordQ Chrome ya mushakisha ya Chrome iteganijwe gusohoka muri Mutarama 2022. == Iterambere == WordQ yatunganijwe bwa mbere mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 90 n'itsinda ry'ubushakashatsi riyobowe na Dr. Fraser Shein mu bitaro bya Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital Toronto, Ontario, Kanada. Shein n'ibitaro bashinze isosiyete ifatanije, yitwa Quillsoft Ltd, kugira ngo bamenyekanishe WordQ ndetse no gushyigikira ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu bitaro. Iterambere rya WordQ ryakurikiranye ibicuruzwa bya software byabanje kandi byatejwe imbere muri Holland Bloorview, KeyREP® na WiVox®, ibi byari ibikoresho byo gufasha abanyeshuri bafite ibibazo byo kwandika ndetse nubundi bumuga butandukanye. Porogaramu n'imikorere ya WordQ yarishyuwe kugirango bifashe abafite ikibazo cyo kwandika biturutse ku bumuga bwo kwiga kandi bagakoreshwa murwego runini mumashuri ya Ontario. Imikoreshereze yiyo sisitemu noneho yagutse cyane mumashuri yo mugihugu cya Kanada nahandi kwisi nyuma yiterambere, kuko itsinda <ref name="morrison">{{Cite web |last=Morrison, Eric |year=2007 |title=Fraser Shein, President and CEO, Quillsoft Ltd. |url=http://www.nationaltechcenter.org/index.php/2007/05/29/ipro-17fraser-shein/ |access-date=January 16, 2011 |archive-date=July 24, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724091802/http://www.nationaltechcenter.org/index.php/2007/05/29/ipro-17fraser-shein |url-status=dead }}</ref> kandi rikubiyemo SpeakQ na ThoughtQ®. Ikoranabuhanga rya SpeakQ ryakozwe ku bufatanye n’ikigo gishinzwe iterambere ry’uburezi (Newton, MA) ku nkunga ya Minisiteri y’uburezi muri Amerika. <ref>{{Cite web |title=More About NCIP |url=https://www2.edc.org/ncip/more_top.htm |access-date=2023-12-07 |website=www2.edc.org}}</ref> Muri iki gihe, WordQ ikoreshwa n’abaturage benshi b’abanyeshuri, ntabwo ari abafite ibibazo byo kwiga gusa, urugero, abiga ururimi rwa kabiri hamwe n’abanyeshuri hamwe n’abakozi. == Ibiranga == WordQ ifite idirishya ritoya rigaragara hejuru yidirishya iryo ariryo ryose rikorwa kandi rikora hamwe na porogaramu iyo ari yo yose ukoresha. Nka tekinoroji ifasha, ibi byitwa transparent accessibility. Nkuko umukoresha wa sisitemu yandika, software igerageza kwerekana ijambo rikoreshwa, ukurikije inyuguti zambere namagambo yanditse mbere yukoresha. Nkuko bandika, uyikoresha ashobora gukoresha urufunguzo rwerekezo cyangwa urufunguzo rwumubare kugirango uhitemo ijambo wifuza. Umukoresha ashobora kandi gusaba porogaramu gusoma amajwi yabo yanditse mu ijwi riranguruye nkuko bandika, bigatuma impinduka zimyandikire nimbonezamvugo zifatwa mugihe wandika. Porogaramu irashobora gufungura no kuzimya uyikoresha nkuko bandika, kandi ikorana na progaramu zose zikoreshwa. WordQ kuri ubu irashobora gukoreshwa mucyongereza, Igifaransa, Icyesipanyoli & Ikidage. == SpeakQ == == Ikoreshwa rya SpeakQ == WordQ ikoreshwa mumashuri menshi muri Amerika na Kanada kugirango ifashe abantu bafite ubumuga butandukanye. <ref name="WordQcust">{{Cite web |last=WordQ |year=2009 |title=Customers |url=http://www.wordq.com/customers_us.html |access-date=January 16, 2011 |archive-date=July 18, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718112952/http://www.wordq.com/customers_us.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> imyaka myinshi igurishwa muri Kanada, ariko itangiye kugaragara ku isoko ry’Amerika. Muri Kanada, amashuri menshi yarayakoresheje kugirango akoreshwe muri sisitemu zabo. Mu mwaka wa 2010, OSAPAC, umuryango ushinzwe kugura software ku mashuri yo muri Ontario, yaguze uruhushya rwo gukoresha WordQ mu mashuri yose yo mu ntara yose. <ref name="osapac">{{Cite web |last=OSAPAC |title=WordQ |url=http://www.osapac.org/cms/content/word-q |access-date=January 16, 2011 |archive-date=July 16, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716111248/http://www.osapac.org/cms/content/word-q |url-status=dead }}</ref> Porogaramu yakoreshejwe cyane cyane nkigikoresho cyabanditsi bahanganye nabafite ubumuga bwo kwiga bibabaza ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwandika. Ubushakashatsi bw’abandi bantu bwerekana ko WordQ nayo ikora, niba atari nziza, kuruta izindi software zisa nazo mu gufasha aba banditsi bahanganye. <ref name="behrmann">{{Cite journal |last=Evmenova |first=A.S. |last2=Graff |first2=H.J. |last3=Jerome |first3=M.K. |last4=Behrman |first4=M.M. |year=2010 |title=Word prediction programs with phonetic spelling support: Performance comparisons and impact on journal writing for students with writing difficulties |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_learning-disabilities-research-practice_2010-11_25_4/page/170 |journal=Learning Disabilities Research & Practice |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=170–182 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-5826.2010.00315.x}}</ref> Ubundi bushakashatsi bwigenga bwerekana ko WordQ yo guhanura ijambo hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwandika-kuvuga bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza kubuhanga bwo kwandika bwabanyeshuri bo mumashuri abanza bafite ubumuga bwihariye bwo kwiga. == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 7hpri4yd8xj6tf44t7wp885b77kcsyr 0 20959 140174 125313 2026-09-25T09:44:55Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140174 wikitext text/x-wiki '''sitecues''' ni Urubuga rushingiye kuri software ni igisubizo cyubakanye ikorana buhanga bwa zoom no kuvuga imvugo kurubuga. Igicuruzwa cyongerera ubushobozi no gukoreshwa kubasura urubuga bahura nibibazo byo kubona no gucapa. Urubuga rwatangijwe na ''Ai Squared'', abakora ZoomText na software ifasha. Sitecues ikorera abakiriya barenga 100, muribo harimo kaminuza nyinshi za leta ya Californiya, kaminuza nini namasomero yo muri Amerika, ndetse ninzego zimwe na zimwe za leta na leta. == Incamake == iyi sofutiwaye itanga kandi uburenganzira bwo kuyikoresha kumurongo wo hejuru wa mushakisha kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nabakoresha bafite ibibazo byo kubona no gucapa bigoye zoom / gukuza cyangwa kumva inyandiko yatoranijwe mugihe ushakisha. == Ubufatanye == Muri Gicurasi 2014, Ai Squared, ukora sitecues na ZoomText, na GW Micro, uwashizeho [[Window-Eyes]], bishyize hamwe mu kigo kimwe. Ibigo byahurije hamwe bihuza ibikorwa remezo nubutunzi kugirango bifashe bikoreshe abakoresha mudasobwa bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona cyangwa bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona. == Reba kandi == * Gufasha serivise yikoranabuhanga == Amashakiro == {{Reflist|2}} irrfyabkeftokwq7ykupqf8dfmtdw56 0 20960 140183 125618 2026-09-25T09:46:00Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140183 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ikivugwa''' (kizwi kandi nka '''Spoken - Kanda kuri Talk AAC''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=About Spoken : Tap to Talk AAC |url=https://www.f6s.com/company/spokenaac#about |access-date=2 February 2024}}</ref> AAC ''')''' ni porogaramu igendanwa kandi igikoresho cyo kongera no guhinduranya itumanaho (AAC) cyatangijwe mu mwaka wa 2019. Iyi porogaramu yakozwe kugira ngo ifashe abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kuvuga cyangwa gukoresha ururimi nk'abafite aphasia cyangwa autism adashobora kuvuga (nonverbal autism), ikoresheje ibimenyetso, inyandiko, n'ijwi. == Amateka == Michael Bond yatangiye iterambere rya Spoken mu 2015, abitewe n'icyifuzo cyo kubona ibikoresho bigezweho kandi byorohereza abantu mu buvuzi bwo kuvuga, kuko uburyo gakondo butari bwarahindutse cyane mu myaka 50 ishize. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Spoken Gives a Voice to Those Who Can't Speak |url=https://weare.techohio.ohio.gov/2020/02/17/spoken-gives-a-voice-to-those-who-cant-speak/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201201901/https://weare.techohio.ohio.gov/2020/02/17/spoken-gives-a-voice-to-those-who-cant-speak/ |archive-date=2024-02-01}}</ref> Uyu mushinga wateye imbere cyane kubera uruhare muri gahunda yihuta ya Start-Up Chili, aho wafashe umwanya wa mbere mu bahatanira umwanya wa cumi n'umunani batangiye ku munsi wa 13 wa Demo Day mu Gushyingo 2015. Iyi porogaramu yatangijwe ku mugaragaro muri 2019. Byinshi mu bimenyetso byumwimerere bya Spoken byatijwe muri The Noun Project, byatoranijwe hakoreshejwe imbaga nyamwinshi ishingiye kubantu kugirango hamenyekane amashusho meza kumagambo. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation ikenewe</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Nubwo amashusho menshi yizina y'umushinga aracyakoreshwa muri Spoken, hashyizweho ingufu kugirango uhindure amashusho yihariye kugirango tunonosore uburyo bwo guhuza no kumenyekanisha ijambo byihuse. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 April 2024 |title=AAC App Update Aims to Boost Communication Access |url=https://attoday.co.uk/aac-app-update-aims-to-boost-communication-access/ |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=AT Today}}</ref> Ikoreshwa ryukuri rya tekinoroji ya Spoken ryongerewe mu buryo butunguranye mugihe cyorezo cya COVID-19, gifasha abarwayi gukira gukoresha umuyaga. Muri Werurwe 2021, porogaramu imaze kubona ibicuruzwa birenga 10,000 kandi ikavuga ko izamuka rya 20% buri kwezi. <ref name="auto3">{{Cite web |date=29 March 2021 |title=Patch Gets To Know Spoken |url=https://patch.com/ohio/marietta-oh/patch-gets-know-spoken |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=Patch}}</ref> 2022, yagereranyaga izindi 1.000 zo gukuramo buri cyumweru. <ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |title=Igniting Innovation at AlphaLab Health |url=https://www.highmarkhealth.org/blog/future/Igniting-Innovation-at-AlphaLab-Health.shtml |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=Highmark Health}}</ref> Muri Gashyantare 2022, Spoken yinjiye muri AlphaLab Health, yihuta yo gutangiza na Allegheny Network Network hamwe nudushya two gukora. Ibi byahaye isosiyete uburyo bwo kubona ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, inkunga, hamwe ni nama, bikarushaho gutera imbere. <ref name="auto2"/> Yitabiriye kandi izindi gahunda nka Multiple Autism yihuta na AI ya Slalom Ventures ya AI yihuta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alumni |url=https://www.multiplehub.org/alumni |access-date=17 May 2024 |website=Multiple}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Slalom Ventures Presents AI for Good Accelerator Demo Day |url=https://go.slalom.com/SlalomVenturesDemoDay |access-date=17 May 2024 |website=Slalom}}</ref> Muri Nzeri 2025, porogaramu yerekanye guhuza na [[ElevenLabs]], iha abakoresha ibikoresho byo gukora clone yijwi hamwe nijwi ryihuse ryihuse muri porogaramu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2025)">citation ikenewe</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Spoken yiyemeje kwagura itangwa ryikoranabuhanga mu ndimi nyinshi, ishaka gukemura ibibazo by’abaturage batishoboye no kwitegura kwiyongera ku isi. <ref name="auto3"/> == Igikorwa == Spoken yitandukanije nizindi porogaramu za AAC binyuze mugukoresha urugero runini rwururimi rutanga ubushobozi bwimyandikire iteganijwe, bisa nibikorwa bya terefone byikora. Iyi mikorere yigira kumvugo yukoresha, itanga ibitekerezo byihariye mugihe runaka. Abakoresha barashobora kwagura amagambo ya porogaramu muburyo butatu: mu gukoresha inshuro nyinshi amagambo mashya mumirongo kugirango Spoken yige imiterere yabyo, mu kongeramo amagambo ku bwinshi binyuze mu mahitamo "Ongeramo Amagambo" kugirango uhanure shingiro, cyangwa ukoresheje uburyo bwa "Private Prediction", busaba ibibazo bigamije kwemeza ko amagambo mashya ahita ahanurwa muburyo bukwiye. Byongeye kandi, Spoken irashobora guhuza ibyo iteganya ukurikije aho uyikoresha iherereye, itanga ibitekerezo bijyanye muburyo bwihariye nka resitora cyangwa ibitaro. Porogaramu ikubiyemo guhitamo amajwi-karemano, guhuza amajwi hamwe no guhitamo uburyo bwo guhitamo ikibanza, umuvuduko, nubunini, bigafasha abakoresha guhitamo ijwi ryerekana neza umwirondoro wabo cyangwa ibyo bakunda. Amajwi yose yashyizwe muri Spoken yitiriwe ibimera aho kuba abantu kugirango bagaragare ko badafite uburinganire cyangwa unisex. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">Ingero</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D; &#x5B;</sup> , Bottlebrush, na Dandelion. Muri 2025, Spoken yaguye kugirango yemere abakoresha kubona amajwi aturuka hanze nka Acapela. Ivugurura rimwe ryongeyeho ibikoresho byo kubyara amajwi mashya ukoresheje [[ElevenLabs]], haba ukoresheje ibisobanuro byanditse cyangwa ijwi rya cloni. Imvugo ishigikira uburyo butandukanye bwo kwinjiza kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye byabakoresha nibyifuzo byabo. Kurenga imyandikire isanzwe hamwe ninyandiko ziteganya, izi inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki ndetse nigishushanyo cyoroshye, gihindura inyongeramusaruro mumagambo yavuzwe. <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |date=10 November 2023 |title=Spoken AAC |url=https://www.neilsquire.ca/spoken-aac/ |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=Neil Squire Society}}</ref> Amakuru yakoreshejwe mugutoza ibishushanyo mbonera bya Spoken byakomotse kumukino Byihuse, Kurura!, kubemerera kumenya ibishushanyo mbonera cyane kandi byukuri. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation ikenewe</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Spoken itanga kandi interuro yabitswe iranga, yagenewe abakoresha bahora bakoresha interuro cyangwa imvugo yihariye. Iyi nteruro irashobora kugarurwa mugukanda kabiri gusa, koroshya itumanaho mubihe byihuse cyangwa byihutirwa. Ikindi kintu kiranga Spoken ni "buto yo kwitondera." Iyi miterere yateguwe mugusimbuza amagambo nko gukuramo umuhogo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 February 2024 |title=Michael Bond |url=https://ohiose.com/news/michael-bond/ |access-date=8 February 2024 |website=Ohio Southeast |archive-date=12 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212203129/https://ohiose.com/news/michael-bond/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kanda kamwe kamwe kamwe kano kantu kenshi gahanagura itara ryigikoresho kandi rigakina amajwi yihariye, akurura ibitekerezo. Abakoresha AAC barashobora gukoresha iyi mikorere kugirango bamenyeshe abandi ko bagiye kuvuga, cyangwa kugirango umuntu yitabweho byihuse mugihe cyihutirwa. Kubindi byongeweho kuboneka, Spoken ikubiyemo ibintu nkibicapiro binini, uburyo bwijimye, hamwe nogutandukanya ijambo kugirango umenye neza ko porogaramu ikoreshwa kandi yoroheye kubantu bafite ibyo bakeneye bitandukanye. <ref name="auto1"/> Abakoresha barashobora kandi kwerekana interuro zabo murwego rwuzuye rwa ecran kugirango bavugane ahantu harehare cyane cyangwa mubihe badashaka gutera urusaku. Ibindi bice birimo ubushobozi bwo gusangira byihuse ibyanditse cyangwa amashusho y amajwi avuye muri porogaramu ukoresheje inyandiko cyangwa imeri hamwe nuburyo bwo guhagarika amagambo amwe atagaragara mubyahanuwe, bitanga urwego rwihariye rwihariye. 2timrtioqwo1jacdco1lt6erkhobbt2 0 20972 140191 125330 2026-09-25T09:47:21Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140191 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:'rear-window'_captioning_system-fr.svg|right|thumb|250x250px|Sisitemu Yinyuma Yanditseho Sisitemu]] '''Rear Window Captioning System''' (RWC) nuburyo bwo kwerekana, binyuze mumutwe, inyandiko mvugo yigice cyamajwi ya firime mumikino yabantu bafite ubumuga bwo batumva kandi [[Ubumuga bwo kutumva|batumva]]. Sisitemu yatunganijwe na WGBH na Rufus Butler Seder. Mu nzira binjira mu ikinamico, abayireba bafata ikibaho cya pulasitike cyerekana cyashyizwe ku gihingwa cyoroshye. Ikibaho giteye mubikombe cyangwa hasi yegeranye nintebe. LED nini yerekana yashyizwe kurukuta rwinyuma rwerekana inyuguti zanditse mumashusho yindorerwamo. Abareba bimura panne mumwanya mubusanzwe munsi ya ecran ya firime kugirango basome ibisobanuro byanditse buzwi mundimi zamahanga nka subtitles kandi barebe firime. Rimwe na rimwe birakenerwa kwicara mukarere runaka ka theatre kugirango tubone inguni nziza yo kwerekana inyandiko yinyuma yasohotse inyuma yikinamico ku kibaho ndetse tunabasha kureba firime icyarimwe. Rear Window Captioning yanditseho nubundi buryo bwo gufungura ibisobanuro, aho inyandiko igaragara burundu. Gufungura ibisobanuro byanditse ntibyakoreshejwe cyane kubera gutinya ko byinjiye cyane kandi bigaragara kubumva ndetse nabafite '''ubumuga bwo kutumva'''. Ariko, nta bushakashatsi bwakozwe kugirango abantu bumve ibitekerezo byukuntu bazahuza nibisobanuro byanditse kuri ecran. Inyuma ya Window yanditseho nuburyo bwo gufunga ibisobanuro kuko abareba bagomba guhitamo kureba ibisobanuro. [[File:Rearwindow.jpg|left|thumb|Urugero rwerekana urugero rwinyuma ya Window Yanditseho Sisitemu]] '''Kubantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona''', ibisobanuro byamajwi ( Serivise yerekana amashusho, '''DVS''' ) bishobora kandi mubisanzwe byoherezwa hamwe nibisobanuro. Abareba bumva ibisobanuro bakoresheje na terefone idafite umugozi. Mu matangazo menshi ya firime na sinema runaka, incamake ya "RWC" ikoreshwa cyane, nkuko incamake ya CC ikoreshwa kugirango yerekane ko hari ibisobanuro byafunzwe kuri televiziyo. Akenshi, inyandiko ya "RWC / DVS" ikoreshwa, byerekana ko haboneka Byombi Byerekana rear window captioning system ryanditse hamwe na Serivise ya Video isobanura. * [http://ncam.wgbh.org/mopix/ Ikigo cyigihugu gishinzwe itangazamakuru ryoroshye] * * * * pybih8lhtsick5839xo2knbr4swtnvm 0 20974 140148 125332 2026-09-25T09:12:14Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140148 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kells crozier''' cyangwa ''Ingoro Ndangamurage y'Ubwongereza Crozier'' ni Crozier niyo muri Irlande yo hambere. Bizwi cyane nka "Kells Crozier", byerekana gufatanya na Abbey ba Kells, nubwo nta kimenyetso kibigaragaza kibaho, kandi abahanga mu by'amateka benshi bemeza ko ari ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho. Crozier ntago yuzuye, nubwo bimwe mubisharizo bimeze nabi. Inkomoko yabyo mbere yuko igaragara mu kugurishwa i Londres mu 1850 iyaje kubura ratakara, kandi iri mu bigize icyegeranyo cy’ingoro z'umurage w'u Bwongereza kuva mu 1859. == Ibisobanuro == Kells Crozier yakozwe nabanyabukorikori batandukanye mu byiciro bitatu bitandukanye hagati yikinyejana cya 9 na 11 nyuma ya Yesu. Mugihe intandaro ya crozier ari igiti gikozwe mu ifeza kandi abakozi bapfundikijwe mu rupapuro ruvanze n'umuringa nyuma yaje gutwikirizwa ifeza cyangwa udusimba twuzuyemo intera y'inyamaswa zisanzwe muri kiriya gihe. mugihe umutwe wumuntu ushyirwa kumatonyanga kumpera ya crook. Aha niho crozier yaba yarigeze gufata ibisigisigi byera. Isahani yamanutse yigeze gufata igice cyigiciro cyagaciro ubu cyatakaye. Uburebure bwuzuye bupima nka 133&nbsp;cm. == Inkomoko n'ibimenyetso == Munsi yigitereko cyanditseho handitsweho ikilatini kivanze n’ururimi rwa kera rwo muri Irilande : ''ordo conduilis ocius do mel finnen'', bisobanuwe hafi, isaba abasaba gusengera Cúduilig na Maelfinnén bagize uruhare runini cyane mu kuyivugurura. Intiti zerekanye aya mazina n'abantu ku giti cyabo bari bafitanye isano n’imiturire ikomeye yo muri Irilande i Kells, County Meath. Nyamara, ubushakashatsi buherutse gutera gushidikanya kuriyi sano. Crozier yabonetse nta bisobanuro mu kabati k'ibiro by'abunganizi ba Londere mugihugu cy'ubwongereza hagati mu kinyejana cya cumi n'icyenda. Yari iy'aba nyirayo benshi, barimo Cardinal Wiseman (1802–1865), mbere yo kugurwa n'inzu ndangamurage y'Ubwongereza akaba ariyo iri kureberera Kells crozier. <gallery widths="170" heights="200" perrow="4"> Dosiye:Kells_Crozier_DSCF6977.jpg|alt=The crest of the crook| Ikirindiro Dosiye:Kells_CrozierDSCF6981.jpg|alt=Full-length view| Uburebure bwuzuye Dosiye:Kells_CrozierDSCF6979.jpg|alt=Middle knop| Hagati </gallery> == Reba kandi == * Crozier == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} == Inkomoko ==   8xvos26wb2sh9ajax32io8jv41p0z6o 0 21012 140022 125385 2026-09-24T13:26:52Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140022 wikitext text/x-wiki An extende-wear hearing aid n'ubwoko [[Akuma gafasha umuntu kumva|bw'icyuma cy'amatwi]] gishyirwa cyane mu mfunzo y'amatwi cyane kandi gishobora kumererwa amezi menshi kitavanwaho. Ubu bwoko bw'imfashanyo yo kwumva irakwiriye cyane cyane kubantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva bworoshye. Iki gitekerezo gishya cyo gufasha kwumva cyahimbwe na Adnan Shennib washinze InSound Medical, Inc. <ref>{{Cite web |title=InSound Medical Receives FDA Clearance to Market the World's First Extended-Wear Hearing Device |url=http://www.audiologyonline.com/releases/insound-medical-receives-fda-clearance-5962}}</ref> Kuba ibi byuma by'amatwi bishyirwa mu mfunzo y'amatwi ubwabyo bitanga umusaruro mwiza mu kugabanya urusaku ruturutse ku kirere, kuvugana kw'imbere mu matwi, gusubiramo urusaku no gutanga amajwi mu buryo bwiza, ndetse bigatanga uburyo bwiza bwo kumva aho amajwi aturuka n'ubwiza bw'amajwi ugereranyije n'ibindi byuma by'amatwi. == Koresha no gukora == Extended-wear hearing aids bikorwa mu kintu cyoroshye kigenewe gukurikira imiterere y'imfunzo y'amatwi y'umuntu, kandi zigira ubugari butandukanye bw'imfunzo kugira ngo zihuze n'ingano y'amatwi y'abantu batandukanye. Umuganga wa ENT, inzobere mu majwi cyangwa inzobere mu gufasha kumva ntabwo ari kubaga yinjiza igikoresho mu gutwi, agishyira mu gice cyamagufwa cyumuyoboro w ugutwi ~ 4&nbsp;mm uhereye kuri tympanic membrane, cyangwa ugutwi. Gushyira muburyo bwihariye mumatwi yamatwi bivugwa ko bitanga ubwiyongere rusange mubyunguka nibisohoka, icyumba kinini cyumutwe, kugabanya ingaruka zifatika, kugabanya ibitekerezo no kunoza icyerekezo. Iyo bimaze kwinjizwamo, abakoresha barashobora guhindura amajwi nigenamiterere bakoresheje igikoresho cyo guhindura ibintu. Birakurikirana ko umuganga w'inzobere mu matwi akuraho imfashanyo ndende yo kumva iyo bateri ipfuye cyangwa igihe icyuma kigoma gusimburwa, ariko abahanga benshi mu by'amatwi batanga igikoresho cyihariye cyo kugikuramo(removal loop) kugira ngo umuntu abikore wenyine igihe bibaye ngombwa. == Birakwiriye == Kimwe n'ibindi bikoresho byumva, guhuza bishingiye ku matwi y'umuntu ku giti cye, ingano y'ugutwi n'uburyo, imiterere y'ubuvuzi, n'ubuzima. Ibi birashobora kugenwa no gusura inzobere mu gufasha kumva. == Kuramba == Ibikoresho byunvikana byunvikana byubatswe kugirango bihangane nubushuhe na cerumen (ibishashara byamatwi) kandi birashobora kwambarwa mugihe ukora siporo, kwiyuhagira, nibindi. Kuramba kwimashini ndende yunvikana bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze, itandukaniro ryibidukikije, nubuzima bwa buri mukoresha. aljy3yvk3z3qr735czuqbqoumrbhtmp 0 21054 140092 125432 2026-09-25T09:05:41Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140092 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Imashini za Toyota Partner''' ni urukurikirane rwa za robo zifite ishusho imeze nk'abantu (humanoid) zakozwe na Toyota. Zatangiye kwerekanwa bwa mbere zicuranga ingoma n'impanda mu imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ryabereye muri Aichi, mu Buyapani mu mwaka wa 2005. Hano hari robot 5, zose zifite sisitemu zitandukanye. Imashini 5 ni: '''verisiyo ya 1''' (robot ya bipedal), '''verisiyo ya 2''' ( [[Segway]] -like wheels), '''verisiyo ya 3''' (Segway -like wheels), '''verisiyo ya 4''' (sisitemu y'insinga idasanzwe) na '''i-Foot''' (ishobora gushyirwaho amaguru 2). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.communistrobot.com/robots/47 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225202117/http://www.communistrobot.com/robots/47 |archive-date=2009-02-25 |access-date=2009-02-23}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2023 |title=Toyota Motor Corporation Official Global Website |url=http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/special/robot/}}</ref> Muri Nyakanga 2009, Toyota yashyize ahagaragara amashusho y'ubuhanga bwo kwiruka no guhagarara kwa robot mugenzi wabo. Imashini igera kuri 7&nbsp;km / isaha, icyakora kugenda no kwiruka birashobora kugerwaho gusa hejuru yuburinganire. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Omleiding<!-- Bot generated title --> |url=https://smart-machines.blogspot.com/2009/07/toyotas-running-humanoid-robot.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026140001/http://smart-machines.blogspot.com/2009/07/toyotas-running-humanoid-robot.html |archive-date=2009-10-26 |access-date=2009-10-04}}</ref> Muri 2017, Toyota yasohoye igisekuru cyayo cya gatatu cyimashini za robo, T-HR3, izakoreshwa mu ngendo zo mu kirere. paqm01aa3ktsmb1fmjwva1zbdbis760 0 21062 140149 125442 2026-09-25T09:12:21Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140149 wikitext text/x-wiki '''RoboBraille''' ni serivise y'urubuga ndetsa na imeri ishoboye guhindura inyandiko muburyo butandukanye kandi bworoshye nka [[Inyandiko y'abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona(Braille)|Braille]], mp3, e-ibitabo na Daisy. Serivisi ishobora kandi gukoreshwa muguhindura ubundi buryo butagerwaho nkamashusho ya skaneri na dosiye [[PDF|ya pdf]] muburyo bworoshye. RoboBraille yatangiye gukora kuva mu mwaka wa 2004 kandi kuri ubu itanga ibyifuzo byabakoresha ibihumbi buri kwezi kubakoresha ku isi. Serivise iraboneka kubuntu kubantu kugiti cyabo, badakoresha ubucuruzi. Gukoresha ibigo byamasomo birahari binyuze muri [http://www.sensusaccess.com SensusAccess] . Serivisi ya RoboBraille yateguwe ku bufatanye n’ikigo [http://www.synref.dk cy’igihugu cya Danemark gishinzwe ubumuga bwo kutabona ku bana n’urubyiruko] hamwe [http://www.sensus.dk n’ibarura rya ApS] . RoboBraille iboneka kubuntu kubantu kurubuga rwa murandasi, ndetse nabadakoresha ubucuruzi kandi ntibakeneye kwiyandikisha kugirango bakoreshe serivisi. Gukoresha ubucuruzi muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose birabujijwe. Iterambere n'imikorere bya RoboBraille byatewe inkunga na Guverinoma ya Danemark, Komisiyo y’Uburayi ndetse n’imiryango yigenga. Amashyirahamwe menshi yagize uruhare mu iterambere rya serivisi ya RoboBraille harimo na Royal National College for Blind ifite icyicaro i Hanoford, [[Ubwongereza|mu Bwongereza]], [http://www.stjosephsvi.ie Ishuri rya St Joseph ry’abatabona], Irilande, Inama y’igihugu y’abatabona bo muri Irilande, Repubulika ya Irilande, Associazione Nazionale Subvedenti, [[Ubutaliyani]], CIDEF, [[Porutigali|Porutugali]], Hilfsgemeinschaft der Blinden und Sehschwachen [[Ositiriya|Öster]] [[Polonye|.]] w'impumyi n'abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona, [[Lituwaniya]], Ishyirahamwe Valentin Haüy, [[Ubufaransa|mu Bufaransa]], n'Umuryango Pancyprian w'impumyi, [[Shipure|Kupuro]]. Mu Gushyingo 2012, serivisi ya RoboBraille yahawe igihembo cya WISE 2012 na Qatar Foundation mu rwego rwo gushimira uruhare rwayo mu burezi butarangwamo inzitizi. Muri Mutarama 2010, serivisi za RoboBraille zabonye igihembo cyiza cya BETT. Iyi serivisi yabanje kubona igihembo cya BETT kubera igisubizo cyiza gikenewe mu burezi bwihariye (2010), Igihembo cya IT cyo Kwiga ku gisubizo cyiza cya eL kwiga (2009), Igihembo cy’igihugu cya eWell-Kuba “Kugera kuri Digitally Exclude” (2009), Igihembo cya Komisiyo y’Uburayi eInclusion Award for e-Accessibility Award (2008), Igihembo cya Well-Tech cyo gutanga udushya (Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete Sosiyete). RoboBraille itanga ibyiciro bine byingenzi bya serivisi: # Serivise ya Braille: Guhindura no kuva muri Braille (yagiranye amasezerano, idasezeranye) mu kinyarigariya, Danemark, Icyongereza cy'Abongereza, Icyongereza cy'Abanyamerika, Hongiriya, Umutaliyani, Igifaransa, Ikigereki, Ikidage, Isilande, Noruveje, Igipolonye, Igiporutugali, Ikiromani n'Icyesipanyoli. Ubwoko bwinyandiko zishyigikiwe zirimo dosiye zanditse (DOS na Windows), inyandiko za Microsoft Ijambo (doc, docx, Ijambo xml), inyandiko za HTML, dosiye ya rtf, tiff, gif, jpg, bmp, pcx, dcx, j2k, jp2, jpx, djv nubwoko bwose bwinyandiko za pdf. Mbere yuko inyandiko ya Braille isubizwa uyikoresha, irashobora guhindurwa mumiterere yihariye ya Braille yashizweho ukurikije igenamigambi ryabakoresha. Inyandiko zirashobora kandi gusubizwa muri Unicode Braille cyangwa igahinduka muburyo bw'inyandiko cyangwa PEF (Imiterere ya Portable Embosser). # Serivise zamajwi: Ubwoko bwinyandiko zose ziri mubice byabanjirije zishobora guhindurwa muri dosiye ya mp3. Byongeye kandi, RoboBraille irashoboye guhindura inyandiko Ijambo ryubatswe neza (doc, docx, xml) mubitabo bya Daisy Ibiganiro byuzuye byuzuye amajwi. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, RoboBraille irashobora guhindura inyandiko za docx zirimo imibare (yahimbwe muri MathType) mubitabo bya Daisy bifite imibare ivugwa. Serivisi zihindura amajwi muri iki gihe zirimo amajwi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu ndimi zikurikira: Icyarabu, Icyarabu / Icyongereza Indimi ebyiri, Buligariya, Danemark, Ikidage (Umugabo, Umugore), Icyongereza / Amerika, Icyongereza / Icyongereza, Igifaransa, Ikidage, Greenlandic, Hongiriya, Isilande, Ubutaliyani, Lituwaniya, Igipolonye, Igiporutugali, Ikiromani, Icyesipanyoli / Icyesipanyoli / Latine. # Serivisi za E-Igitabo: Ubwoko bwinyandiko nyinshi zavuzwe haruguru zishobora guhindurwa muburyo bwa e-book bukunzwe bwa EPUB na Mobi Pocket (Amazon Kindle). Serivisi kandi ishyigikira guhindura inyandiko muburyo bwa EPUB3, harimo ibitabo bya EPUB3 hamwe nibitangazamakuru byuzuye. Byongeye kandi, EPUB irashobora guhindurwa muri Mobi Pocket naho ubundi. Kugira ngo abakoresha bafite icyerekezo gike, umurongo shingiro winyandiko yumubiri muri e-book urashobora kuzamurwa kugirango habeho gupima inyandiko ikwiye mubasomyi ba e-bitabo. # Serivise zo kugerwaho: Ubundi inyandiko zitagerwaho nkamadosiye yishusho muri gif, tiff, jpg, bmp, pcx, dcx, j2k, jp2, jpx, djv na pdf yerekana amashusho gusa, kimwe nubwoko bwose bwamadosiye ya pdf arashobora guhindurwa muburyo bworoshye burimo pdf, doc, docx, Ijambo xml, xl, xl, xl Idosiye yijambo na rtf ihindurwa mumyandiko cyangwa yashizwemo dosiye ya pdf ukurikije imiterere yagenwe numukoresha kumurongo, urugero, txt cyangwa pdf. Idosiye ya PowerPoint ihindurwamo pdf, imishinga y'urubuga cyangwa dosiye ya rtf. Usibye imeri twakita nka gakondo, RoboBraille iboneka binyuze kumurongo wurubuga kuri http://www.robobraille.org/ . == Amateka == RoboBraille yahimbwe mu mwaka wa 2004 na Lars Ballieu Christensen, umuhanga mu bya mudasobwa na rwiyemezamirimo ndetse na Svend Thougaard, inzobere mu itangazamakuru. Sisitemu yakorewe mugihugu cya [[Danimarike]] ibifashijwemo na Royal National College for Blind ifite icyicaro i Hanoford, [[Ubwongereza|mu Bwongereza]]. Sisitemu yatangijwe muri Kamena 2006 kandi yegukanye igihembo cy’umushinga w’imishinga yo gutanga imisanzu mu Bwongereza mu Bwongereza mu <ref name="Robobraille">{{Cite news |date=4 January 2008 |title=College project scoops award |url=http://archive.thisisherefordshire.co.uk/2008/1/4/92465.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20100812075209/http://archive.thisisherefordshire.co.uk/2008/1/4/92465.html |archive-date=12 August 2010 |access-date=11 August 2010 |work=Hereford Times |publisher=Newsquest Media Ltd}}</ref> <ref name="Robobraille" /> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.robobraille.org/ Urubuga rwa RoboBraille] p2ps4q70vsnns31j6dgnb7ai7nr60dm 0 21079 140063 125463 2026-09-24T13:38:18Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140063 wikitext text/x-wiki     '''James I. Charlton''' ni umwanditsi w’Umunyamerika, umunyagitugu mu [[Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga|uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga]], ndetse akaba Visi Perezida Mukuru wa Access Living i Chicago.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Nothing About Us Without Us |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520224810 |language=en}}</ref> Yemera ko ubumuga bushyirwaho n’imibereho y’abantu mu muryango.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Charles A. Riley |year=2005 |title=Disability and the media: prescriptions for change |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=181TLdx1S5IC&q=James+Charlton+%28activist%29&pg=PA8 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-473-5}}</ref> Yakoze icyitegererezo cy’imikorere y’umuryango w’[[Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga|uburenganzira bw’abantu bafite ubumuga]], gishobora gutandukanya amoko atandukanye y’imiryango. == Umwuga == Afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse muri kaminuza ya Chicago. Charlton yamaze kuba Umuyobozi w’Ibikorwa, Visi Perezida Mukuru ndetse na Perezida w’Agateganyo wa Access Living guhera mu 1985. Charlton kandi ni umufasha w’umwarimu muri Departema y’Uburemere bw’Ubumuga n’Iterambere ry’Umuntu muri kaminuza ya Illinois i Chicago. Ni umwe mu bagize akanama k’ubuyobozi ka Chicago Transit Authority.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Disability and Human Development - |url=http://www.ahs.uic.edu/ahs/php/content.php?sitename=dhd&type=7&id=138 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100622184635/http://www.ahs.uic.edu/ahs/php/content.php?sitename=dhd&type=7&id=138 |archive-date=June 22, 2010 |access-date=2010-10-17}}</ref> Mu mwaka wa 2000, yasohoye igitabo cyitwa “Nothing About Us Without Us: Disability Oppression and Empowerment”.<ref>{{Cite book |year=2000 |title=Nothing about us without us: disability oppression and empowerment |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ohqff8DBt9gC&q=James+Charlton+(activist) |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-22481-0}}</ref> Charlton yanditse inyandiko mu kinyamakuru cy’ubushakashatsi yitwa “Peripheral Everywhere”, ivuga ku bantu bafite ubumuga nk’“abantu babarirwa kabiri hanze y’imibereho”.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Charlton |first=James I. |year=2010 |title=Peripheral Everywhere |url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_literary_and_cultural_disability_studies/summary/v004/4.2.charlton.html |format=abstract |journal=Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=195–200 |doi=10.3828/jlcds.2010.15 |issn=1757-6458 |s2cid=201765277 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2010-10-17}}</ref> == Reba kandi == * Urutonde rwabaharanira uburenganzira bwabafite ubumuga * Urutonde rwimiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwabafite ubumuga == Reba == {{Reflist}}{{Disability navbox}}{{Discrimination}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Charlton, James}} pcsg9c5ftdettj6tfj9a4pbfelnknww 0 21092 140124 125508 2026-09-25T09:09:26Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140124 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Magnatic Shoe Closures''' nibikoresho bifunga inkweto ukoresheje bits ebyiri za magneti zifatanije ninkweto. Gufunga birashobora gukoreshwa mukweto nyinshi. == Ibisobanuro == Ibikoresho byo gufunga inkweto za magnetiki bifunga inkweto ukoresheje bits ebyiri za magneti zifatanije ninkweto, kandi aho bits ifata umwanya w ipfundo n'umuheto. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Coxworth |first=Ben |date=11 October 2014 |title=Zubits are designed to make shoe-tying obsolete |url=https://newatlas.com/zubits-magnetic-shoe-closures/34215/ |website=newatlas.com}}</ref> Gufunga birashobora gukoreshwa mukweto nyinshi kuko zidafitanye isano nazo, ariko umuguzi arazihuza ninkweto. == Kwakira == Isuzuma ryakozwe mu mwaka wa 2016 muri ''Denver Post'' ryerekanye ko igisubizo cyageragaye mu bikorwa bitandukanye, nubwo wenda bigoye kuyobora abantu bamwe bafite ubumuga. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 March 2016 |title=Gear review: Zubits Magnetic Shoe Closures |url=https://www.denverpost.com/2016/03/11/gear-review-zubits-magnetic-shoe-closures/ |publisher=[[The Denver Post]]}}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} qmp6wl5cfz80ki2cgzfaz6efyrkp8a6 0 21107 140158 136955 2026-09-25T09:27:25Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140158 wikitext text/x-wiki Aself-cleaning cyangwa '''pyrolytic''' oven ni itanura ikoresha ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kugira ngo (hafi {{Convert|932|F|C}} ) ngo itwike ibisigazwa by'ibyokeje hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa pyrolysis, butagombera imiti isukura. Iyo ifuru ishobora gukoresha amashanyarazi yo mu rugo cyangwa gaz. == Inzira ya Pyrolytike == Amashyiga ya pirolitike yo kwisukura agabanya ibiryo byanduye ivu hamwe n'ubushyuhe bugera kuri {{Convert|932|F|C}} . Inkuta z'itanura zometseho ubushyuhe- na aside irwanya feri. A self-cleaning oven yakozwe kugirango igume ifunze kugeza igihe ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burangiye. Kugira ngo hirindwe ibikomere bishobora gutwikwa, hifashishijwe imashini ikoreshwa kugirango urugi rwa feri rufunge kandi rufunge mugihe na nyuma yigihe cyogusukura ubushyuhe bwinshi, bumara amasaha agera kuri atatu. Mubisanzwe, umuryango urashobora gukingurwa nyuma yubushyuhe bukonje bugera kuri {{Convert|600|F|C}} . <ref>{{Cite web |date=n.d. |title=How do self-cleaning ovens work? |url=https://recipes.howstuffworks.com/tools-and-techniques/question559.htm |access-date=2021-11-04 |website=[[HowStuffWorks]]}}</ref> Self-cleaning ovens ubusanzwe afite insulation nyinshi kuruta amashyiga asanzwe kugirango agabanye umuriro. Kwikingira bigabanya kandi ingufu zikenewe mu guteka bisanzwe. <ref name="kelly">{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=John |date=2021-04-12 |orig-date=9 June 2012 |title=How Self-cleaning Ovens Work |url=https://home.howstuffworks.com/self-cleaning-ovens.htm |access-date=2021-11-04 |website=[[HowStuffWorks]] |quote=As a bonus, pyrolytic ovens save energy during normal baking because of the extra insulation that's added to contain the high heat.}}</ref> Self-cleaning ovens afatwa nkayoroshye kandi atwara igihe, bityo rero akoresha amafaranga menshi. Nyamara, kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi, bitanga umwotsi kandi bisaba ingufu nyinshi. Ubusanzwe umunota wiminota 150 uzakenera amashanyarazi arenze 3 kWh. <ref>{{Cite web |title=COOKING • Hansa |url=https://hansa.bg/en/inspirations/cooking/piroliza-poczistwanjeto-nje-je-probljem |website=hansa.bg}}</ref> Nk’uko abahanga benshi babivuga, gukurura impuruza y’umwotsi birashobora kwirindwa no gukoresha buri gihe gahunda yo kwisukura. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Carlye |date=n.d. |title=Pros & Cons of Self-Cleaning Ovens |url=https://homeguides.sfgate.com/pros-cons-selfcleaning-ovens-69125.html |access-date=2021-11-05 |website=[[SFGate|SFGATE]] |publisher=[[Hearst Newspapers]]}}</ref> == Ubundi buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga == === catalytic cleaning === Amashyiga ya catalitiki "ikomeza isukuye" yishingikiriza kumyuma yo mu cyuma kinini kugirango itume igabanuka ryamavuta ivu mubushyuhe busanzwe bwo guteka. Urukuta rw'itanura rya catalitiki yo kwisukura rwometseho ibikoresho bikora nka catisale ya okiside, mubisanzwe muburyo bwa catalizike muri materique ihuza. Cerium (IV) oxyde nimwe mubikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa. Ibindi bishoboka ni umuringa, vanadium, bismuth, molybdenum, manganese, fer, nikel, amabati, niobium, chromium, tungsten, rhenium, platine, cobalt, na oxyde zabo, zonyine cyangwa zivanze. Ipitingi ikora cyane mubusanzwe irimo oxyde y'umuringa, oxyde ya manganese cyangwa cobalt oxyde, na oxyde y'umuringa na manganese ikoreshwa hamwe. Binder irashobora kuba fluoropolymer cyangwa frit enamel. Mu myaka ya za 90, SRI International yakoze ubushakashatsi kuri Whirlpool Corporation, ihindura imiterere nogukoresha hejuru ya farumasi enamel iboneka mu ziko ihinduka imwe irimo ionic nkeya, na firime ikora ibinure mumazi ashonga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Nielson |first=Donald L. |year=2006 |title=A Heritage of Innovation: SRI's First Half Century |url={{Google books |id=dlkROwAACAAJ |plain-url=yes}} |publisher=[[SRI International]] |isbn=9780974520810 |location=Menlo Park, California |page=11-1 |access-date=2021-11-05 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> === Isuku === Ubundi buryo bwo kwifashisha amashyiga ni amashyiga yoza. Ikoresha amazi nubushyuhe bwo hasi kugirango isukure ifuru. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)">citation ikenewe</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Amashakiro == 5kzefx88fleaykb7fvz4jld5ig51zgj 0 21109 140064 138281 2026-09-24T13:38:26Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140064 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Interrupteur_crépusculaire.JPG|thumb|Ubushakashatsi bushyizwe hejuru y'urukuta]] '''Twilight switch''' ni igice cya elegitoronike kigena ko urumuri rwaka ku buryo bwikora igihe urumuri rusanzwe rw'akazi (nk'urwa joro cyangwa izuba) rugabanutse mu gace runaka. Mu mubare munini w'imikoreshereze, ibisanzwe ni ugushoboza gucana mu mihanda, imihanda, umuhanda munini, imihanda, ubusitani, imbuga, nibindi, mugihe urumuri rwizuba rumanutse munsi y'urwego runaka (urugero: kuva nimugoroba). Umuzunguruko wubatswe na twilight switch, mubihe bimwe na bimwe, bisaba ibindi bice, nka relay cyangwa abahuza, mugihe ushaka kugenzura ingufu z'amashanyarazi zisumba izindi (amatara, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, nibindi). == Ibiranga tekinike == Hifashishijwe icyuma gikoresha urumuri ( Photoresistor, Photodiode, Phototransistor, nibindi) byerekana ingano yumucyo umurikira ibidukikije, itera uruziga rw'amashanyarazi rufungura cyangwa rugafunga imikoranire yumurongo wa mashini cyangwa ya reta ikomeye. ( power transistor, thyristor, triac, nibindi), ikora sisitemu yo kumurika. Mubisanzwe, itara risanzwe rijya k'umurongo wifotozi rikoreshwa, hamwe ningaruka zitara rihita ryaka n imugoroba kandi rihora rizima mu mucyo wa mbere w'umuseke. Turashimira iyi sisitemu, ingero nini zingero zikoreshwa zarakozwe, kuva kumurika haba ahantu rusange cyangwa abikorera ku giti cyabo kugeza kwigana kuboneka, aho twilight switch itanga imikorere yigihe gito cy'umuzunguruko. itara ryo kwigana abantu badahari kumubiri. Hariho uburyo bwinshi kandi bushya bwo guhanga udushya butuma urumuri rwizuba rwinshi, hamwe nogushobora guhindura urwego kugirango uhindure umuriro kurwego runaka rwumwijima, bityo ushireho gutinda no kuzimya kubijyanye nurumuri rwibidukikije. Hari ndetse moderi (modules) zidatuma urumuri rw'ubukorano (urumuri rukoresha amashanyarazi) rwaka,kandi zishobora gutandukanya urumuri rusanzwe (urumuri rw'izuba) n'urwo bukoraho. Ariko, mu bindi bihe, bishobora kuba byiza kubihuza n'uburyo bwo gupanga igihe (time scheduling systeems) kugira ngo bikore neza kurushaho. <ref name="Dall’O’20132">{{Cite book |last=Giuliano Dall’O’ |date=8 April 2013 |title=Green Energy Audit of Buildings: A guide for a sustainable energy audit of buildings |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sQlGAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA377 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4471-5064-0 |pages=377–}}</ref> == Amashanyarazi == [[Dosiye:Streetlight_control.jpg|thumb|Electromechanical twilight switch]] Ikoreshwa rya twilight ikunze gukoreshwa cyane ni ubwoko bwa electronique, butandukanye nubwa elegitoronike hifashishijwe ibyuma bya pilote bimaze kwinjizwa mu muzunguruko ubwawo, kandi bigatuma imizigo mito ihuzwa mu buryo butaziguye (urugero, itara rimwe). Twilight switch iraboneka muburyo butandukanye kugirango ihuze ibikenewe byose. Mubyukuri, zirashobora gutandukana uhereye kumiterere yabafite itara kugeza kumasanduku atandukanye (silindrike, kare, nibindi). Witondere umubare wamatara akoresha igikoresho nimbaraga zayo muri watts, ukurikize amabwiriza mumfashanyigisho yumukoresha, kugirango wirinde ibintu biremereye bikabije kuri konte ya disiki ya disiki, mubyukuri, niba bikenewe imitwaro myinshi, hagomba gushyirwaho umuhuza. Kumuri kumuhanda, kurugero, icyerekezo cya twilight kugiti cye kirashobora gukoreshwa, cyangwa icyerekezo cyo hagati gikora andi matara ya kure kugirango ucane amatara menshi, kuburyo umutwaro urumuri rwagati rwagati rugomba kwihanganira arirwo rupapuro rwihariye rwa relaire. <ref name="Schreuder1998">{{Cite book |last=D. A. Schreuder |year=1998 |title=Road Lighting for Safety |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C9UxoH5ehwYC&dq=twilight+switch&pg=PA231 |publisher=Thomas Telford |isbn=978-0-7277-2616-2 |pages=231–}}</ref> == Ibyiza == Inyungu nyamukuru yo gukoresha twilight switch ni imbaraga nyinshi zo kuzigama izana, ihujwe no korohereza gahunda idakenewe, igenga neza izuba. == Ibibi == Ingaruka nyamukuru yo gukora installation ni uko uramutse ushyize urumuri rwububiko hafi yifoto-yerekana ifoto, switch ntishobora gufungura. Muri iki gihe, ugomba kwitondera aho amatara aherereye kubijyanye na fotodetekeri. Kandi, uzirikane ko gutwika gushingiye gusa kumubare wumucyo usanzwe uhari kandi ntabwo ushingiye ku burebure bwizuba, bityo "gutwika udashaka" bishobora kubaho, kurugero imbere yibicu byijimye bifitanye isano no kugabanuka gukabije kumucyo wibidukikije kuri sensor (urugero, mugihe hari umuyaga). Kugirango wirinde ibi, twilight switch irashobora guhuzwa hamwe na sisitemu yo guteganya igihe. <ref name="Dall’O’20132">{{Cite book |last=Giuliano Dall’O’ |date=8 April 2013 |title=Green Energy Audit of Buildings: A guide for a sustainable energy audit of buildings |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sQlGAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA377 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4471-5064-0 |pages=377–}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGiuliano_Dall’O’2013">Giuliano Dall’O’ (8 April 2013). [https://books.google.com/books?id=sQlGAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA377 ''Green Energy Audit of Buildings: A guide for a sustainable energy audit of buildings'']. Springer Science & Business Media. pp.&nbsp;377–. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-4471-5064-0|<bdi>978-1-4471-5064-0</bdi>]].</cite></ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} 03yqkqsrsntkpoygwr09f0wijq5q42s 0 21112 140184 125541 2026-09-25T09:46:07Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140184 wikitext text/x-wiki   Yashinzwe mu 1993 na ex- umuyobozi ushinzwe iterambere rya Microsoft, David Snipp '''Stardraw''' ni kompanyi ikora porogaramu zihuza kandi zigashushanya sisitemu za amajwi/amashusho (A/V system intergration and design software). == Porogaramu == Stardraw ifite ibice bibiri bitandukanye ariko bifitanye isano na software haba ku masoko ya Audio-visual (A / V) === Igishushanyo cya mudasobwa === Igishushanyo mbonera cya Stardraw n'ugukora inyandiko za sisitemu y'amajwi / amashusho. Ibi birimo ibishushanyo bya A / V (bisa nigishushanyo cya mudasobwa ya mudasobwa ), Imiterere ya Rack, Igishushanyo cyerekana (Igishushanyo mbonera), Igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana ibyuma byabugenewe, Igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana, hamwe na raporo zijyanye na byo nka Bills y'ibikoresho, Quotations na Cable Gahunda. Iyi Porogaramu ikubiyemo ibimenyetso by'ibikoresho byateguwe mbere (present equipment icons) kugira ngo bihute mu gukora igishushanyo cya sisitemu ya A/V. Porogaramu zabo z'ubu bwoko zirimo * Stardraw Audio 2007 (Yahagaritswe) * Stardraw A / V 2007 (Yahagaritswe) * Stardraw A / V Lite 2007 (Yahagaritswe) * Amatara ya Stardraw 2D 2007 (Yahagaritswe) * Igishushanyo cya Stardraw 7 - Yasohotse muri Kamena 2011 === Kugenzura software === '''Igenzura rya Stardraw''' nigikorwa cyiterambere ryibikorwa byo gukora Touchscreen ya kure igenzura ibikoresho bitandukanye. Imikoreshereze isanzwe ikubiyemo ibyumba byikora mubyumba byinama, inzu yimyidagaduro, inzu ndangamurage cyangwa inzu yimikino yo murugo, aho abayikoresha bakoresha ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma byerekana ibyuma byerekana amashusho nka porogaramu zerekana amashusho na disikuru, PC, DVD na VCR bakina ibyuma bifata amajwi, kamera, sisitemu ya terefone, ibyuma bifata amajwi / amashusho hamwe nibikoresho bitunganyirizwa, ibyuma byerekana moteri, drape, amatara, na sisitemu zitandukanye. Ibindi bikoreshwa bisanzwe birimo sisitemu yimyidagaduro, ibigo bishinzwe inganda no kugenzura, sisitemu z'umutekano, amahoteri na resitora. Ikitandukanya software zabo nabahanganye na AMX na Crestron nuko idakenera ibyuma bidasanzwe ahubwo ikorera kumashini iyo ari yo yose ikoresha Microsoft Windows, ikindi kandi abashoferi ninyandiko zayo byanditswe mu rurimi rusange rwa programme C # aho kuba ururimi rwihariye kandi rwashizweho mu bishushanyo mbonera bisa n'ibikoreshwa n'ururimi rwa porogaramu za Microsoft. Porogaramu irerekana kandi interineti ya interineti ituma ibikoresho bitari Windows bigenzura porogaramu urugero nka mudasobwa ya Tablet nka iPad ya Apple 31bw4qeefzjflq1llhtaxvcyacvp6oz 0 21113 140166 125542 2026-09-25T09:43:59Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140166 wikitext text/x-wiki '''A sentroller''', akoreshwa kuri enterineti y'ibintu ni sensor, umugenzuzi cyangwa actuator cyangwa guhuza ibi bitatu. == Abagenzuzi mubintu bya enterineti == Interineti iriho ubu ni interineti y'abantu, ishingiye ku bantu bavugana n'abantu, bakoresheje terefone zigendanwa, tableti, mu dasobwa zigendanwa na mudasobwa, ariko ibi birahinduka: ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bihujwe na interineti (urugero: agasanduku gashyizwe hejuru, kamera, imodoka ) biratangira guhindura umubare w'icyerekezo uva ku bantu ugana ku bintu. kure y'abantu. Ubuhanuzi bugera ku kintu cya 100 kugeza kuri 1 cyangwa birenga, bityo interineti yabantu izahinduka kuri enterineti. Kubwibyo, interineti yibintu izahuza kandi ivugane nizindi "bintu", aho guhura nabantu. Byinshi mu bintu bishya bihujwe na enterineti bizaba byoherejwe, bivuze ko ari ibikorwa, sensor, kugenzura, cyangwa guhuza ibi bintu bitatu. Urugero rumwe rworoshye ni urugo rwa thermostat. Thermostat ni umugenzuzi kuko yumva ubushyuhe murugo, akareba niba urugo cyangwa icyumba thermostat ikurikirana ubushyuhe buri ku bushyuhe bwifuzwa, kandi niba atari byo, ifungura umushyushya cyangwa icyuma gikonjesha. Kubwibyo, thermostat ni sensor na mugenzuzi - umugenzuzi. Nta mikoranire y'abantu na thermostat cyangwa igicu bizakenerwa kugirango thermostat igumane ubushyuhe murugo kurwego rukwiye. Mubimenyerezo, abashinzwe umutekano bakurura kandi / cyangwa batanga amakuru make cyane, ariko guhuza na enterineti ni ngombwa kubikorwa byabo. Internet y'ibintu izakira porogaramu zizi gusobanura amakuru yatanzwe n'abashinzwe umutekano n'igikorwa cyafatwa. Ubwenge bw'urugo rwubwenge, ingufu zubwenge, inyubako zubwenge, n'ibindi mu byukuri biba mubicu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (November 2021)">ushidikanya</span></nowiki>&#x20;&#x2013; kuganira'' &#x5D;</sup>  Abashinzwe kohereza ni impera zanyuma zizaba umubare munini wubwoko bwa interineti yibintu. 5aqn85i94b8lol7e9l041as8219ixyj 0 21120 140138 125552 2026-09-25T09:11:04Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox country at games|NPC=ALG|NPCname=Algerian National Paralympic Committee|games=Summer Paralympics|year=2000|flagcaption=|oldcode=|website=|location=[[Sydney]]|competitors=8|sports=2|flagbearer=|rank=38|gold=3|silver=0|bronze=0|officials=|appearances=auto|app_begin_year=1992|app_end_year=|summerappearances=|winterappearances=|seealso=}}'''[[Aligeriya|Alijeriya]]''' yitabiriye '''imikino Paralympike yo mu 2000''' yabereye i Sydney, [[Ositaraliya]]. Bibaye ku nshuro ya gatatu igihugu cyitabira imikino Paralympique. Intumwa zayo zari zigizwe n'abakinnyi batandatu basiganwa ku maguru hamwe n’abakinnyi babiri bakina imikino yo guterura ibiremereye. Umwirukanyi Mohamed Allek, ufite uburwayi bw'ubwonko (mu cyiciro cy’ubumuga T37), ni we watsindiye Alijeriya imidali yose muri ayo mikino - yatwaye imidali itatu ya zahabu. == Abanywanyi == Alijeriya yari ifite itsinda rinini rigizwe n’abantu 8 i Sydney, barimo 7 bagendaga n’amaguru n’umwe ukoresha intebe y’abamugaye. Aya ni yo Mikino ya mbere Alijeriya yari ifitemo umukinnyi w’umugore muri Paralimpike. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! width="200" |Siporo ! width="60" | Ku maguru ! width="60" | Ku kagare k'abamugaye ! width="60" | Igiteranyo |- | align="left" | Imikino ngororamubiri | 6 | - | 6 |- | align="left" | Kuzamura ingufu | 1 | 1 | 2 |- ! Igiteranyo ! 7 ! 1 ! 8 |} == Abamidari == Sprinter Mohamed Allek, ufite ubumuga bwubwonko (icyiciro cy’abafite ubumuga T37 ), yegukanye imidari yose ya Alijeriya muri iyi mikino - zahabu eshatu. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Umudari ! Izina ! Siporo ! Icyabaye ! Igihe cyanyuma |- | Zahabu | Mohamed Allek | Imikino ngororamubiri | Abagabo 100m (T37) | 11.99 ( PR ) |- | Zahabu | Mohamed Allek | Imikino ngororamubiri | Abagabo 200m (T37) | 24.39 |- | Zahabu | Mohamed Allek | Imikino ngororamubiri | Abagabo 400m (T37) | 54.66 ( WR ) |} == Ibisubizo ku byabaye == === Imikino ngororamubiri === Alijeriya yohereje abakinnyi umunani mu mikino yo kwiruka no gusimbuka, bose bari abagabo. Mohamed Aissaoui yitabiriye amarushanwa ya 800m, 1,500m na 5,000m mu cyiciro T46, aho yegereye cyane gufata umudali mu 1,500m, arangiza ari uwa kane n’igihe cy’iminota 4 n’amasegonda 6.85 (asigaje amasegonda 2.09 Wu Yanjian w’u Bushinwa, wafashe umudali wa bronze). [[Bachir Zergoune]], nawe uri mu cyiciro T46, wahoze atsindira umudali wa bronze mu 800m mu mwaka wa 1996, yitabiriye amarushanwa ya 800m, 1,500m na 5,000m, ariko arangiza ari uwa nyuma cyangwa uwa mbere mu nyuma muri buri marushanwa. Mohamed Allek, wahoze atsindira imidali ibiri ya zahabu mu mwaka wa 1996 (100m na 200m T36), yitabiriye amarushanwa atatu mu cyiciro cy’ubumuga T37 (cerebral palsy): 100m, 200m na 400m. Yatsindiye imidali ya zahabu yose mu marushanwa atatu, ashyiraho ikindi gishya mu mateka ya Paralimpike (11.99s) mu 100m, ndetse n’ikindi gishya ku isi (54.66s) mu 400m. [[Rezki Reguig]], nawe uri umukinnyi wa T37, yitabiriye amarushanwa ya 800m, 1,500m na 5,000m, aho igisubizo cye cyiza ari ugusoza ari uwa gatandatu mu 1,500m. Omar Benchiheb, umukinnyi ufite ubumuga bwo kutabona, yitabiriye amarushanwa ya 1,500m, 5,000m na 10,000m mu cyiciro T11, asubiramo ibyavuye mu marushanwa atandukanye. Nubwo atabashije kurangiza isiganwa rya 5,000m, yageze ku cyiciro cya nyuma mu 1,500m, aho arangiza ari uwa gatanu n’igihe cy’iminota 4 n’amasegonda 27.33. Mu isiganwa rya 10,000m, yarangije ari uwa kane, n’igihe cy’amasaha 36 n’iminota 55.90, asigaje amasegonda make 53 Tim Willis wo muri Amerika, wafashe umudali wa bronze. Hakim Yahiaoui, ufite ubumuga bwo kutabona, yitabiriye amarushanwa yo gutera discus no guterura shot put mu cyiciro F13, arangiza ari uwa gatandatu mu discus kandi ari uwa gatanu mu shot put. ; Abagabo - inzira {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%" ! rowspan="2" |Umukinnyi ! rowspan="2" | Icyabaye ! colspan="2" | Shyushya ! colspan="2" | Igice cya kabiri ! colspan="2" | Final |- ! Igisubizo ! Urutonde ! Igisubizo ! Urutonde ! Igisubizo ! Urutonde |- | rowspan="3" align="left" | Mohamed Aissaoui | align="left" | 800 m T46|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | 2: 00.79 | 6 |- | align="left" | 1500 m T46|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | 4: 06.85 | 4 |- | align="left" | 5000 m T46|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | 16: 17.71 | 8 |- | rowspan="3" align="left" | '''Mohamed Allek''' | align="left" | 100 m T37|colspan="2" {{n/a}} | 12.21 | 1Q | 11.99 '''PR''' | |- | align="left" | 200 m T37|colspan="2" {{n/a}} | 24.84 | 1Q | 24.39 | |- | align="left" | 400 m T37|colspan="2" {{n/a}} | 57.11 | 2Q | 54.66 '''WR''' | |- | rowspan="3" align="left" | Omar Benchiheb | align="left" | 1500 m T11|colspan="2" {{n/a}} | 4: 28.49 | 6Q | 4: 27.33 | 5 |- | align="left" | 5000 m T11|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | colspan="2" | DNF |- | align="left" | 10000 m T11|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | 36: 55.90 | 4 |- | rowspan="3" align="left" | [[Rezki Reguig]] | align="left" | 800 m T38|colspan="2" {{n/a}} | 2: 15.19 | 9 | colspan="2" | ntabwo yateye imbere |- | align="left" | 1500 m T37|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | 4: 43.21 | 6 |- | align="left" | 5000 m T38|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | colspan="2" | DNF |- | rowspan="3" align="left" | [[Bachir Zergoune]] | align="left" | 800 m T46|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | 2: 06.06 | 8 |- | align="left" | 1500 m T46|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | 4: 24.61 | 8 |- | align="left" | 5000 m T46|colspan="4" {{n/a}} | 17: 27.13 | 10 |- |} ; Abagabo - umurima {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%" ! rowspan="2" |Umukinnyi ! rowspan="2" | Icyabaye ! colspan="2" | Final |- ! Igisubizo ! Urutonde |- | rowspan="2" align="left" | Hakim Yahiaoui | align="left" | Discus F13 | 42.77 | 6 |- | align="left" | Kurasa F13 | 13.27 | 5 |- |} === Kuzamura ingufu ===   Abanyarwanda babiri baturutse muri Alijeriya bahisemo kwitabira imikino yo guterura ibiremereye, harimo n’umukinnyi w’umugore wihariye w’igihugu muri aya mikino. [[Saleha Annab]] yitabiriye irushanwa ry’abagore riri mu cyiciro cy’ibiro 48, ariko ntiyashoboye guterura na kimwe. [[Djamel Meziani]] yakoze neza mu irushanwa ry’abagabo riri mu cyiciro cy’ibiro 60, aterura ibiro 165&nbsp;kg arangiza ari uwa gatandatu muri cumi na babiri. ; Abagabo {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%" !Umukinnyi ! Icyabaye ! Byose byazamuwe ! Urutonde |- |- | align="left" | [[Djamel Meziani]] | align="left" | +60&nbsp;kg | 165 | 6 |} ; Abagore {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%" !Umukinnyi ! Icyabaye ! Byose byazamuwe ! Urutonde |- |- | align="left" | [[Saleha Annab]] | align="left" | +48&nbsp;kg | colspan="2" | |} * Alijeriya mu mikino Paralympike * Alijeriya mu mikino Olempike yo mu 2000 == Reba == {{Reflist}}{{Algeria at the Paralympics}}{{NPCin2000SummerParalympics}} kblku2vz2s7z1i0i64fsxn0qh70fhoz 0 21139 140050 125635 2026-09-24T13:30:13Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140050 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Dummy, Umurozi wa Sible Hedingham''' ( c. 1788 - 4 Nzeri 1863) ni izina ry'irihimbano ry'umusaza utazwi wari umwe mu bantu ba nyuma bashinjwaga kuroga mu Bwongereza mu kinyejana cya 19. Yapfuye nyuma yo gukubitwa akajugunywa mu ruzi n'abahigi. Umaze igihe kinini atuye i Sible Hedingham, Essex, umudugudu muto w'ubuhinzi mu cyaro cy'Ubwongereza, yari afite ubumuga bwo kutumva-kutavuga yinjiza amaramuko nk'umupfumu waho. Muri Nzeri 1863, Dummy yashinjwaga na Emma Smith wo muri Ridgewell ko 'yamututse,yamuvumye'kugira indwara, maze akurwa mu kabari ''ka Swan'' n’agatsiko k’abasinzi. Yategetswe 'gukuraho umuvumo'. Igihe Dummy atabikoze, yajugunywe mu mugezi uri hafi nk '" ibigeragezo n'amazi ". Yakubiswe kandi inkoni mbere yuko ajyanwa mu kazi i Halstead ari naho yapfiriye umusonga. Nyuma y’iperereza ryakozwe n’ubuyobozi, Emma Smith na Samuel Stammers, wari umubaji w'ubuhanga ndetse akaba n'inshuti na Smith, bashinjwaga "gukubita mu buryo butemewe n’umufaransa umusaza bakunze kwita Dummy, bityo bikamuviramo urupfu." (Icyifuzo cy'uko Dummy yari Umufaransa cyari gisanzwe mu mudugudu, ariko nya bimenyetso byinshi byari bihari byerekana niba ari ukuri.) Bageragejwe mu Rukiko rwa Chelmsford Assizes,aho ku itariki ya 8 Werurwe 1864 bahamijwe igihano cy'amezi atandatu y'akazi gakomeye. 17qtf9v5h7x45ve0pv59l8txi0o4f1g 0 21160 140159 125658 2026-09-25T09:27:32Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140159 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ikigo cya MacKay''', cyahoze ari '''ishuri rya MacKay ry’abafite ubumuga bwo kutumva''' n’ikigo '''cya Mackay gishinzwe abafite ubumuga bwo kutumva bw’abaprotestanti''' (Protestant Deaf Mutes) ni ishuri riherereye muntara ya Montreal, muri Québec, [[Kanada|muri Kanada]] rifite gahunda y’umunsi ikorera abanyeshuri batumva kandi batumva cyane bo mu muryango wa Anglophone wo muri Québec. Yashinzwe na Thomas Widd mu 1869 kandi yitirirwa icyubahiro Joseph Mackay. Mu 1960, ikigo cyahujwe n’ishuri ry’abana bafite ubumuga kandi kikaba ari cyo cyongeye guhuzwa n’ishyirahamwe ry’abatabona rya Montreal mu 2006. Ishuri ryigisha abanza kandi umubare wabanyeshuri batumva bagera kuri 30 mumashuri abanza.<ref>http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/thesescanada/vol2/QMM/TC-QMM-112825.pdf</ref> == Amashakiro == <references /> pesygrrtl0t9jvzzrk6zyq8ybpwpoj5 0 21180 140081 125687 2026-09-25T09:04:23Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140081 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kafr Qasem Sign Language''' ( لغة الإشارة الكفر قاسم ( Icyarabu ) Lughat il-Ishārah il-Kafr Qasim ) ni ururimi rw'amarenga rwo mu mudugudu muri Isiraheli. Ururimi ruri mu nzira zo kwandikwa, cyane cyane muri kaminuza ya Haifa. Kafr Qasem irangwa n'ijanisha ryinshi ry'abantu babana [[Ubumuga bwo kutumva|n'ubumuga bwo kutumva]], kandi uko bigaragara, ururimi rwabo rw'amarenga rwateye imbere mu buryo bwihuse uko imyaka yagiye ihita, kabone niyo rwaba rwaratewe n’ururimi rw'amarenga rwo muri Isiraheli ndetse n'indimi z'amarenga zo muri ako karere. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2013 |title=המילון המקוונן לשפת סימנים כפר קאסם – Sign Language Research Lab |url=https://signlab.haifa.ac.il/2013/10/15/kqsl-2/ |access-date=2024-01-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> Intangiriro y’umuryango w’ababana n'ubumuga bwo kutumva muri Kafr Qasem yatangiye mu ntangiriro y'ikinyejana cya 20, ubwo umuturage yashakanye n’umugore ubana n'ubumuga bwo kutumva ukomoka muri Mazraa. Abashakanye babyaranye abana bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva, na bo barashyingiranwa kandi bafite abana bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva benshi. Mu 1951, i Kafr Qasem hari abaturage 1800, 12 muri bo bakaba bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva. Gukenera kuvugana nabo byatumye habaho iterambere ry'ururimi rw'amarenga rusangiwe na benegihugu - bafite ubwo bumuga kandi bumva. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2017 |title=סוד השפה הנעלמת של חרשי כפר קאסם |url=https://www.ha-makom.co.il/article/noga-berger-sign-language-kfar-qasem/ |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=המקום הכי חם |language=he-IL}}</ref> bs6a0wc2vzlc859y5bix1ab806dctww 0 21201 140178 125714 2026-09-25T09:45:23Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140178 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ururimi rw'amarenga rwa Douentza''', cyangwa '''ururimi rw'amarenga rwa Dogon''' ni ururimi rw'amarenga rw'abaturage ruvugwa muri Douentza ndetse n'abaturage baturanye bo mu gihugu cya Dogon muri Mali. Ntibizwi ukuntu bishobora kuba bisa n'ururimi rw'amarenga rwo mu mudugudu hafi, Ururimi rw'amarenga rwa Tebul, ariko rushobora kuba ntaho ruhuriye n'urundi rurimi rw'amarenga rwo mu karere ka Dogon, Ururimi rw'amarenga rwa Berbey. Kugeza mu 2013, nta shuri ry’ababana n'ubumuga bwo kutumva muri ako karere, ariko harateganijwe; itangizwa ry'ururimi rw'amarenga rw'abanyamerika nk'ururimi rw'inyigisho rushobora kugira ingaruka kubimenyetso bya Douentza. Ikusanyamakuru ryakusanyirijwe hamwe n'ikigo cya Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics kugirango cyandike urupapuro rwabanjirije ururimi. 00xxvux7m0rnpeo349uin3xhk8x92m9 0 21202 140125 125715 2026-09-25T09:09:33Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140125 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisitemu ry'ururimi rw'amarenga''', [ a ] izwi kandi ku '''rurimi rwasinywe''' [ b ] cyangwa '''Igipolonye cyasinywe''', ni uburyo bwandikishijwe intoki bw'igipolonye bukoresha ibimenyetso by'ururimi rw'amarenga rw'igipolonye. Bikunze gukoreshwa icyarimwe "ubusemuzi" bw'igipolonye mukimenyetso. kandi bigafasha cyane abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona Muri 2011, Sisitemu y'ururimi rw'amarenga rwo muri Polonye yemerewe n'amategeko. == Inyandiko == == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} g470i9vkk7d7x5c9w03j26jwwiyv4aj 0 21214 140179 125727 2026-09-25T09:45:31Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140179 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ururimi rw'amarenga rwa Berbey''' ni ururimi rw'amarenga rw'umuryango w'umudugudu wa [[Berbey]] mu karere ka Hombori muri Mali. Ururimi rwaho ni Humburi Senni. Kuri ubu ururimi ruvugwa n'abavandimwe babiri (umwe muri bo akaba abana n'ubumuga bwo kutavuga) n'imiryango yabo, barimo abana bane babana nubwo bumuga. Mu gisekuru cya benewabo, abakoresha ibimenyetso bose bari abafite ubumuga bwo kutumva. es5xfsfgfwp15inppj3tfhbl6ldke92 0 21228 140199 125758 2026-09-25T11:55:00Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140199 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ubushakashatsi bwo kutumva mu Bwongereza''' (The Hearing Research Trust) bwari bumwe mu buyobozi bukomeye bw’ubushakashatsi bw’ubuvuzi [[Ubwongereza|bw’Abongereza]] bukora mu rwego rwo kutumva. Ibikorwa byayo byingenzi ni ubushakashatsi bw'ubuvuzi n'uburezi. Yashinzwe mu '''Gutsinda Ubumuga bwo kutumva''' mu 1985 n’umudepite w’Ubwongereza witwaga Jack Ashley n’umugore we Pauline. Yabaye igice cy'urukundo Igikorwa cyo Gutakaza Kumva muri 2013. == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060526070459/http://www.deafnessresearch.org.uk/ Urubuga rwemewe] * * sz5mq1pvochhgslnamij04z6p3uhlcc 0 21364 140214 130760 2026-09-25T11:56:41Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140214 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Beata Umubaye Mairesse''' (wavutse 1979, i [[Butare]] ) ni ikimanyi cy'umunyaporonye n'umunyarwanda Akaba ari umwanditsi w'igifaransa n'ikinyarwanda akaba yararokotse [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda]]. Ni umwanditsi w'ibitabo bitatu, hamwe n'ibyegeranyo byinshi by'inkuru ngufi n'imivugo. Inyandiko ye yabonye ibihembo byinshi by'ubuvanganzo mu bufaransa ndetse no mu mahanga. == Ubuzima == === Ubuzima bwo hambere === Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse yavukiye kandi akurira i [[Butare]], [[Rwanda|mu Rwanda]]. Se yari Umunyapolonye naho nyina ni Umunyarwanda. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1970-01-01 |title=Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse: podcasts et actualités |url=https://www.radiofrance.fr/personnes/beata-umubyeyi-mairesse |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Radio France |language=fr}}</ref> Akiri umwana, yize ishuri mpuzamahanga i Butare, aho yize kuvuga igifaransa neza. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-11 |title=Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse: au Rwanda, "on a été massacrés dans un silence assourdissant" |url=https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/podcasts/l-invite-de-7h50/l-invite-de-7h50-du-jeudi-11-janvier-2024-3092529 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=France Inter |language=fr}}</ref> Muri [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994]], Beata w'imyaka 15 y'amavuko yarokoye we na nyina [[Abatutsi|w’umututsi]] agerageza kwigira umufaransa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Émission spéciale: Rwanda, 30 ans après le génocide en replay - La grande librairie |url=https://www.france.tv/france-5/la-grande-librairie/saison-16/5803242-emission-speciale-rwanda-30-ans-apres-le-genocide.html |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=www.france.tv |language=fr}}</ref> Bombi bahunze [[igihugu]] bihisha muri convoy y'abana ya Terre des hommes. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Convoy – Orenda Books |url=https://orendabooks.co.uk/product/the-convoy |access-date=2025-02-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Umubyeyi Mairesse nyuma azashyirwa hamwe n'umuryango urera mu majyaruguru y'ubufaransa. Amashuri yisumbuye, yize ubuvanganzo na siyanse ya politiki muri kaminuza ya Sorbonne, ari naho yarangirije impamyabumenyi mu bikorwa by’ubutabazi n’iterambere. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-02 |title=Génocide des Tutsis au Rwanda: comment tout dire sans le raconter |url=https://information.tv5monde.com/culture/genocide-des-tutsis-au-rwanda-comment-tout-dire-sans-le-raconter-31460 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=TV5MONDE - Informations |language=fr}}</ref> Nyuma yakoraga mu miryango mpuzamahanga ifasha no mu rwego rw'ubuzima. Kuva mu 2007 yabaga i Bordeaux, mu Bufaransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-21 |title=Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse. L'écriture pour « consoler en soulevant le couvercle du chagrin » |url=https://www.humanite.fr/culture-et-savoir/premiers-romans/beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-lecriture-pour-consoler-en-soulevant-le-couvercle-du-chagrin |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=L'Humanité |language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Umwuga wo kwandika === Muri 2015, Umubyeyi Mairesse yerekanye bwa mbere nk'umwanditsi ufite icyegeranyo cy'inkuru ngufi zitwa ''Ejo'', ijambo risobanura "ejo hashiz n'ejo Hazaza" i [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]], ururimi rwe kavukire. Izo nkuru zashyizweho mbere na nyuma ya jenoside kandi zivugwa uhereye ku bagore. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mang |first=Lolita |date=2024-04-03 |title=Les 5 livres de Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse à lire absolument |url=https://www.vogue.fr/article/beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-livres-a-lire |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=[[Vogue France]] |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Muri 2017, yasohoye icyegeranyo cya kabiri cy'inkuru ngufi, ''Lézardes''. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nadeau) |first=Jean-Yves Potel (En attendant |date=2017-06-24 |title=«Lézardes», voix des enfants du génocide rwandais |url=https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/240617/lezardes-voix-des-enfants-du-genocide-rwandais |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Mediapart |language=fr}}</ref> Muri 2019, yasohoye ''Après le progrès'', icyegeranyo cy'imivugo. Muri uwo mwaka, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Potel |first=Jean-Yves |date=2019-06-04 |title=Après le progrès, de Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse: des moments abîmes |url=https://www.en-attendant-nadeau.fr/2019/06/04/moments-abimes-mairesse/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=En attendant Nadeau |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Mairesse yasohoye [[igitabo]] cye cya mbere, ''Tous tes enfants dispersés''. Igitabo kivuga amateka y'umuryango washenywe na jenoside n’ubuhunzi. Ireba insanganyamatsiko nk'ububyeyi, uruhare rw'umugore nk'abatwara umuco, ihererekanyabubasha n'umuco hagati y'ibisekuru, ivanguramoko n'umuco. <ref name=":0" /> ''Tous tes enfants dispersés'' yakiriwe neza n’abanenga Abafaransa <ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-09-12 |title=« Tous tes enfants dispersés », de Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse: trois générations dispersées par le génocide du Rwanda |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/critique-litteraire/article/2019/09/12/tous-tes-enfants-disperses-de-beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-trois-generations-dispersees-par-le-genocide-du-rwanda_5509627_5473203.html |access-date=2025-02-16 |work=[[L'Monde]] |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mairesse |first=Beata Umubyeyi |title=Tous tes enfants dispersés de Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse |url=https://www.autrement.com/tous-tes-enfants-disperses/9782746751392 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=[[Autrement]] |language=fr}}</ref> kandi ihabwa ibihembo byinshi by’ubuvanganzo, harimo na Prix des cinq umugabane wa 2020 de la francophonie. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Portail de l'Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) |url=https://www.francophonie.org/remise-du-prix-des-5-continents-beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-1701 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Organisation internationale de la Francophonie |language=fr}}</ref> [[Icyongereza]], ''Abana bawe bose, batatanye'' bahawe ishimwe na ''Financial Times'' <ref>{{Cite news |last=Rhodes |first=Emily |date=2023-02-17 |title=All Your Children, Scattered — three generations remember Rwanda's genocide |url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea1bd66-21b8-4d0c-81f5-4f4f6fac2f94 |access-date=2025-02-16 |work=[[Financial Times]]}}</ref> na ''The Guardian''. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Popescu |first=Lucy |date=2023-03-05 |title=All Your Children, Scattered by Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse review – invisible scars of Rwandan survivors |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/mar/05/all-your-children-scattered-by-beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-review |access-date=2025-02-16 |work=The Observer |language=en-GB |issn=0029-7712}}</ref> Umubyeyi Mairesse yasohoye igitabo cye cya kabiri yise ''Consolée'', mu 2022. ''Consolée'' avuga inkuru y’umugore w’amoko avanze yakuwe kuri nyina w’u Rwanda akiri umwana kugira ngo arerwe n’ababikira bera nyuma yoherezwa kurerwa mu Bubiligi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-09-15 |title=« Consolée », de Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse: renouer tous les fils d'une vie rompue |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2022/09/15/consolee-de-beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-renouer-tous-les-fils-d-une-vie-rompue_6141698_3260.html |access-date=2025-02-16 |language=fr}}</ref> Inkuru ishingiye kubintu byabayeho byabana bavanze-moko barerewe muri Institut pour enfants mulâtres de Save mugihe cy'ubutegetsi bwabakoloni. Igitabo cyahawe Prix Kourouma mu imurikagurisha ry’ibitabo byabereye i Geneve mu 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |date=2023-03-29 |title=Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse wins Prix Kourouma 2023. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-wins-prix-kourouma-2023/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Mu 2024, Umubyeyi Mairesse yasohoye igitabo cyandika ku buzima bwa ''Le convoi'', cyerekanaga ko yahunze u Rwanda mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu 1994. Muri iki gitabo, avuga uburyo yakurikiranye abana kuva muri convoy yahunze, ikipe ya BBC yafashe amashusho ya convoy, hamwe n'abakozi bashinzwe ubutabazi bakijije ubuzima bwe. Yavanze autobiography hamwe ninyandiko, ahuza ibikorwa bye n'abandi banditsi barokotse itsembabwoko, nka Primo Levi na Imre Kertész. <ref>{{Cite web |title=An autobiographical journey back to Rwanda, thirty years after the genocide |url=https://www.the-tls.co.uk/lives/autobiography/le-convoi-beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-book-review-nelly-kaprielian-elf |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=TLS |language=en-GB}}</ref> ''Le convoi'' yahawe ishimwe n’abanenga Abafaransa, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-10 |title="Le Convoi": récit poignant de Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse, survivante du génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda |url=https://www.telerama.fr/livre/le-convoi-recit-poignant-de-beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-survivante-du-genocide-des-tutsi-au-rwanda_cri-7030579.php |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=www.telerama.fr |language=fr}}</ref> kandi yitwa kimwe mu bitabo byiza byo mu 2024 na Télérama <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-05 |title=Les meilleurs romans et récits de 2024: le top de "Télérama" |url=https://www.telerama.fr/livre/les-meilleurs-romans-et-recits-de-2024-le-top-20-des-critiques-de-telerama-7023327.php |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=www.telerama.fr |language=fr}}</ref> na Les Inrockuptibles. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-04 |title=Notre top 25 livres de 2024 |url=https://www.lesinrocks.com/livres/notre-top-25-livres-de-2024-634550-04-12-2024/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Les Inrocks |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Igitabo cyakomeje gutsindira ibihembo byinshi by’ubuvanganzo, harimo Prix Essai France Télévisions <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse et Sophie Divry, lauréates des prix Essai et Roman France Télévisions 2024 |url=https://www.livreshebdo.fr/article/beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-et-sophie-divry-laureates-des-prix-essai-et-roman-france |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Livres Hebdo |language=fr}}</ref> na Grand prix de l'héroïne Madame Figaro. Yabaye kandi finale ya Prix du Livre Inter 2024. Muri uwo mwaka, icyegeranyo cye cy’imivugo ''Culbuter le malheur'' cyasohowe n’umwamamaji w’Abafaransa-Kanada Mémoire d'encrier. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marcoux |first=Yannick |date=2024-02-03 |title=«Culbuter le malheur»: l'incommensurable brouhaha des morts |url=https://www.ledevoir.com/lire/806479/culbuter-malheur-incommensurable-brouhaha-morts |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Le Devoir |language=fr}}</ref> Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse yatanze ijambo ritangiza iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga ry’ubuvanganzo mpuzamahanga rya 2424. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2025)">citation ikenewe</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Bibliografiya == === Ibyegeranyo bigufi === * ''Ejo'', La Cheminante, 2015 ** Ubusobanuro bw'igiportigale (Berezile): ''Ejo e outros contos'', Periferias editora, 2021, byahinduwe na Déborah Spatz <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ejo e outros contos |url=https://periferiasedita.com.br/loja/ejo-e-outros-contos/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Periferias Edita |language=pt-BR}}</ref> ** Ubusemuzi : ''Ejo'', Volvox Globator, 2017, yahinduwe na Tomáš Kybal <ref>{{Cite web |last=Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse |date=2017 |title=Ejo |url=https://irel.knihovny.cz/Record/svkpk.PNA01-000772457?sid=3416 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Knihovny |language=cs |type=Catalog record |archive-date=2025-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251212061510/https://irel.knihovny.cz/Record/svkpk.PNA01-000772457?sid=3416 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * ''Lézardes'', La Cheminante, 2017 * ''Ejo suivi de Lézardes et autres nouvelles'', Autrement, 2020 === Ibitabo === * ''Tous tes enfants dispersés'', Autrement, Ubufaransa, 2019; impapuro, J'ai lu, 2021. ** Ubusobanuro bw'icyongereza: ''Abana bawe bose, batatanye'', Europa editions, 2022 (US), 2023 (UK), byahinduwe na Alison Anderson <ref name=":0"/> ** Ubusobanuro bw'igitaliyani: ''I tuoi figli ovunque dispersi'', edizioni e / o, 2022, byahinduwe na Alberto Bracci Testasecca <ref>{{Cite web |title=I tuoi figli ovunque dispersi |url=https://www.ilfoglio.it/una-fogliata-di-libri/2023/01/04/news/i-tuoi-figli-ovunque-dispersi-4819645/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=www.ilfoglio.it |language=it}}</ref> ** Ubusobanuro bw'ikiromani : ''Toti copiii tai risipiti'', Casa Cartii de Stiinta, 2021, byahinduwe na Andrei Lazar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Toti copiii tai risipiti |url=https://carturesti.ro/carte/toti-copiii-tai-risipiti-1413624305 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=carturesti.ro |language=ro-RO}}</ref> ** Ubusuwede bwahinduwe: ''Alla dina skingrade barn'', Ordfront förlag, 2024, byahinduwe na Nils Wadström <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-16 |title=Trots allt en hoppfull berättelse om folkmordets barn |url=https://www.dn.se/kultur/trots-allt-en-hoppfull-berattelse-om-folkmordets-barn/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=[[Dagens Nyheter]] |language=sv}}</ref> * ''Consolée'', Autrement, 2022; impapuro, J'ai lu, 2024 === Ibisigo === * ''Après le progrès'', La Cheminante, 2019 * ''Culbuter le malheur'', Mémoire d'encrier, 2024 === Ibitari ibihimbano === * ''Le convoi'', Flammarion, 2024; impapuro, J'ai lu, 2025 ** Icyongereza : ''Convoy'', Gufungura Imipaka, Ibitabo bya Orenda, 2025, byahinduwe na Ruth Diver === Ibitabo by'abana === * ''Peau d'épice'', Gallimard Jeunesse, 2023 <ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-10 |title=Les coups de cœur des livres jeunesse du « Monde Afrique » |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2023/12/10/les-coups-de-c-ur-des-livres-jeunesse-du-monde-afrique_6205027_3212.html |access-date=2025-02-16 |language=fr}}</ref> == Ibihembo n'icyubahiro == * 2016 : Prix François Augiéras kuri ''Ejo'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Le Prix Augiéras – Livre en fête à Champcevinel |url=https://www.livrenfete.fr/salon-livre-champcevinel-perigueux/le-prix-augieras/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |language=fr-FR}}</ref> * 2017: Prix du livre Ailleurs kuri ''Ejo'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=dit |first=G. de la Laurencie |date=2018-04-17 |title=Conversation avec Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse |url=https://onuphrius.fr/conversation-avec-beata-umubyeyi-mairesse/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |language=fr-FR |archive-date=2025-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114021520/http://onuphrius.fr/conversation-avec-beata-umubyeyi-mairesse/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2019: Prix La Boétie kuri ''Lézardes'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Le prix La Boétie – Livre en fête à Champcevinel |url=https://www.livrenfete.fr/salon-livre-champcevinel-perigueux/evenements/le-prix-la-boetie/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |language=fr-FR}}</ref> * 2020 : Prix des cinq imigabane de la francophonie ya ''Tous tes enfants dispersés'' <ref name=":1"/> * 2020 : Prix Des racines et des mots ya ''Tous tes enfants dispersés'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-11 |title=Lauréate 2020 |url=https://www.desracinesetdesmots.com/laureate-2020/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Des racines et des mots |language=fr-FR}}</ref> * 2020 : Prix Éthiophile kuri ''Tous tes enfants dispersés'' * 2021: Igihembo cya Richelieu kuri ''Tous tes enfants dispersés'' * 2023: Igihembo cya Kourouma kuri ''Consolée'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-24 |title=Et le prix Kourouma 2023 va à… Beata Umubyeyi Mairesse |url=https://www.lepoint.fr/afrique/et-le-prix-kourouma-2023-va-a-beata-umubyeyi-mairesse-24-03-2023-2513443_3826.php |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Le Point |language=fr}}</ref> * 2023: Prix Livres en boîte kuri ''Consolée'' * 2024: Prix Essai Ubufaransa Télévisions kuri ''Le convoi'' <ref name="auto"/> * 2024 : Grand prix de l'héroïne Madame Figaro kuri ''Le convoi'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Marie Darrieussecq, Beatriz Lema... le palmarès complet du Grand Prix de l'Héroïne Madame Figaro 2024 |url=https://www.livreshebdo.fr/article/marie-darrieussecq-beatriz-lema-le-palmares-complet-du-grand-prix-de-lheroine-madame-figaro |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Livres Hebdo |language=fr}}</ref> * 2024 : Igihembo kidasanzwe Montluc Résistance et Liberté kuri ''Le convoi'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Charrue tordue du Brésilien Itamar Vieira Junior Prix Montluc 2024 |url=https://actualitte.com/article/116549/prix-litteraires/charrue-tordue-du-bresilien-itamar-vieira-junior-prix-montluc-2024 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=ActuaLitté.com |language=fr-FR}}</ref> * 2024 : Umusomyi Prix du Roman Métis kuri ''Le convoi'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rachid Benzine remporte le Grand Prix du Roman Métis 2024 |url=https://www.livreshebdo.fr/article/rachid-benzine-remporte-le-grand-prix-du-roman-metis-2024 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=Livres Hebdo |language=fr}}</ref> * 2024 : Prix Fetkann ! Maryse Condé kuri ''Le convoi'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=VIDAL |first=André-Jean |date=2024-11-29 |title=LITTÉRATURE. Les lauréats du Prix Fetkann ! Maryse-Condé |url=https://hebdoantillesguyane.com/litterature-les-laureats-du-prix-fetkann-maryse-conde/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=L'Hebdo Antilles-Guyane |language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 7afplc6bb2d8kvle0ob7o1cgjbj89q2 0 21387 140023 126725 2026-09-24T13:26:59Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140023 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Beautifullly Broken''' ni film yikinamico ya gikirisitu yo muri Amerika 2018 iyobowe na Eric Welch. Muri iyi filime hagaragaramo Benjamin A. Onyango, Scott William Winters, Michael W. Smith, Emily Hahn, Caitlin Nicol-Thomas na Eric Roberts mu nshingano zabo. Yashyizwe ahagaragara ku ya 24 Kanama 2018 na [[ArtEffects]]. == Umugambi == Ababyeyi barwanira gukiza imiryango yabo, Ubuzima bwabo buhuzwa mu rugendo rutari rwitezwe ku isi yose, aho bahugurwa ku bijyanye n’imbabazi n’ubwiyunge. == Abakinnyi == * [[Benjamin Onyango]] nka William Mwizerwa * Scott William Winters nka Randy Hartley * Michael W. Smith nka Pasiteri Henry * Emily Hahn nka Andrea Hartley * Caitlin Nicol-Thomas nka Darla Hartley * Eric Roberts nka Larry Hartley * Ditebogo Ledwaba nka Umuhoza * Sibulele Gcilitshana nka Keza * Bonko Khoza nka Mugenzi == Gosohoka == ''Beautifully Broken'' yarekuwe muri Amerika ku ya 24 Kanama 2018. === Igisubizo gikomeye === Ku rubuga rwo gusubiramo urubuga Rotten Tomatoes, firime ifite ibyemezo bya 67% hashingiwe kubisobanuro Bwa six Reviews, naho impuzandengo ya 5.8/10 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=''Beautifully Broken'' (2018) |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/beautifully_broken |access-date={{RT data|access date}} |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |publisher=[[Fandango Media|Fandango]]}}</ref> == Reba == == Ihuza ryo hanze == * Beautifully Broken at IMDb  * Beautifully Broken at Rotten Tomatoes * Beautifully Broken at Box Office Mojo oguixdb2bdxq0b6wm872f76gjhevoxl 0 21505 140112 128102 2026-09-25T09:08:01Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140112 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Faustin Butéra''' (wavutse kuwa 20 Nzeri 1955) numukinnyi w'umunyarwanda usiganwa ku maguru. Yitabiriye irushanwa ryo gusiganwa kumaguru rya metero 400 na metero 400 mu mikino Olempike yo mu mpeshyi yo mu 1984. Butéra yegukanye umudari wewa mbere mpuzamahanga mu irushanwa rya 1978 rya Siporo muri Afurika yo Hagati ryabereye i Libreville, muri Gabon, ahoyatsindiye umudari wa zahabu mu kwiruka metero 800 mu minota 1 n'iminota 55.5. <ref name="ap">{{Cite web |title=Faustin Butera |url=https://athleticspodium.com/athlete/65299/faustin-butera |website=Athletics Podium}}</ref> Mu 1979, yashyizeho igihe agahigo ke cya mbere cyo kwiruka metero 400 mu buryo bw'amasegonda 53.7, nubwo yari yihuta kurusha agahigo k'u Rwanda ntikemejwe bitewe n'uburyo bwo gukoresha igihe n'intoki. Yashyizeho igihe cyecya mbere cyo kwiruka metero 400 mumasegonda 49.36 mu 1982. <ref name="o" /> Butéra yatsinze mumikino yo gusiganwa kumaguru yametero 400 ndetse no mu mikino Olempike yomuri 1984, yari iteganyijwe muminsi ikurikiranye. Ku itariki ya 3 Kanama, Butéra yarangije ari uwa 7 mu mikino yo gusiganwa kumaguru ya metero 400, yirukanye amanota 54.36 ariko ntagera muri kimwe cyakabiri cy’irushanwa. Igihe cye cyashyize umuhigo w’igihugu cy’u Rwanda kugeza uburacyariho muri 2025 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda-National-records-Updates-September-2024 |url=https://athletics.rw/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Rwanda-National-records-Updates-September-2024-.pdf |access-date=8 April 2025 |website=athletics.rw}}</ref> Ku itariki ya 4 Kanama, yagarutse muri metero 400, yiruka amasegonda 51.41 aba uwa 8 mu gihe yarari mwirushanwa. Nyuma y'imyaka itatu mu mikino ya Afurika yo Hagati yo mu 1987, Butéra yongeye kwitabira mu isiganwa ry'imipira yogusiganwa metero 400. Yatsindiye umudari wifeza inyuma ya Jean-Pierre Abossolo-Ze, yiruka amasegonda 54.0. Igihe cye cyongeye kwihuta kurusha agahigo ke k'igihugu, ariko ntibyemejwe bitewe n'uburyo bwogukoresha igihe nintoki bwakoreshejwe. <ref name="ap">{{Cite web |title=Faustin Butera |url=https://athleticspodium.com/athlete/65299/faustin-butera |website=Athletics Podium}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://athleticspodium.com/athlete/65299/faustin-butera "Faustin Butera"]. ''Athletics Podium''.</cite></ref> Muri 2012, Butéra yashimwe na Minisiteri y'Umuco n'Imikino yomu Rwanda, ahabwa uburenganzira bwo kwinjira mumikino yose yomu Rwanda kubera kuba umukinnyi mpuzamahanga ukomeye mu gihugu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ex-internationals to get a voice |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/80954/ex-internationals-to-get-a-voice |access-date=8 April 2025 |website=[[newtimes.co.rw]]}}</ref> == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} 5fx9jj9y1oumu4votkpp56nkyy94ocu 0 21519 140002 138965 2026-09-24T13:24:23Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140002 wikitext text/x-wiki NKOMBO FC, n'ikipe y'umpira w'amaguru mu Rwanda, yashinzwe mumwaka wi 2024. ikaba ikina mukiciro cya kabiri (2) nyuma yumwaka umwe ishinzwe ikaba yarahise iva mukiciro cya gatatu izamuka mukiciro cya kabiri akaba ari naho ibarizwa ubungubu, ikaba ikina amarushanwa ategurwa na FERWAFA. Iy'ikipe ikaba iherereye Mu [[intara]] y'Iburengera zuba, [[Akarere ka Rusizi]], umurenge wa Nkombo, akaba ari umurenge ubarizwa mukirwa rwahagati. <ref>https://rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/nkombo-fc-yatsinze-vision-j-n-itangirana-intsinzi-amafoto</ref> NKOMBO FC yabaye ikipe yemewe yokwitabira amarushanwa ategurwa nurwego rushinzwe [[Umupira w’amaguru|umuPira w'amaguru]] murwanda FERWAFA, nyuma yuko yari imaze imyaka igera muri itatu yegukana ibikombe by"umurenge Kagame Cup, harimo ibikombe 2 byokurwego rw'Akarere yatwaye mumyaka 2018, ndetse nuwa 2023. niho havuye igitekerezo cyabamwe mubari bayihagarariye barimo UJEKUVUKA Emmanuel uzwi ku izina rya MARCHAL, akaba ari nawe muyobozi wayo mukuru cyokuyandikisha muma kipe azajya yitabira amarushanwa ategurwa na FRWAFA, NKOMBO FC nyuma y'amezi 7 izamutse mukiciro cya kabiri mumarushanwa ategurwa na FERWAFA, ikaba iri kumwanya wambere n'amanota 26, aho ikurikirwa na Espoire FC n'amanota nayo ibarizwa mukarere ka Rusizi. == Amashakiro == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umupira w’amaguru]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] hdit7zmtl0c4dcyjwtgroasn09bzb7m 0 21542 140093 137638 2026-09-25T09:05:48Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140093 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Motar FC''' ni ikipe y'u[[Umupira w’amaguru|mupira w'amaguru]] mu [[Rwanda]] ,yashinzwe kandi inakinamo abakora umwuga wo gutwara abantu kuri za Moto, ibarizwa mu marushanwa y'icyiciro cya kabiri muri shampiyona itegurwa na [[FERWAFA|Ferwafa]] Ni ikipe itozwa na Uwimana Abdul uzwi nka Gakara wahoze akina muri Rayon Sports. Perezida w’ikipe ya Motar FC akaba ari Habiryayo Aloys Patrick.<ref name=":0">https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino/football/article/motar-fc-byinshi-ku-ikipe-y-abamotari-itozwa-na-uwimana-abdul-gakara</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17446/sports/football/noah-kehinde-the-striker-who-spearheaded-motar-fc-to-second-tier</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino/football/article/motar-fc-mu-makipe-atatu-yazamutse-mu-cyiciro-cya-kabiri</ref> == Indi kipe == Motar FC ifite ikipe ya Karate y’abamotari yitwa WUSHU, ikorera kuri Club Rafiki, hari ikipe y’abagore, ikindi ni hari ikipe izajya ikina imikino yo gusiganwa kuri Moto. bafite icyiciro cy’abana bato, icyiciro cy’abakanyujijeho ndetse n’icyiciro cy’abakinnyi bakina mu cyiciro cya gatatu cya shampiyona y’ u Rwanda.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17241/sports/football/football-three-teams-secure-promotion-to-division-2</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Ikipe y'amagare]] [[Ikiciro:Umupira w’amaguru]] 2u0or4jrc9h8fuai1318j4fzw32hnfr 0 21574 139996 128225 2026-09-24T13:23:41Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139996 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''César Rwagasana''' [[Rwanda|numunyarwanda]] woga byakinyamwuga. Niwe muntu wa mbere wahagarariye [[Rwanda at the Paralympics|u Rwanda muri Paralympic]] ubwo yari uhagarariye igihugu wenyine muri Paralympic yo mu mpeshyi ya 2000 i Sydney. Yari yaritoje mu [[Ikiyaga cya Tanganyika|kiyaga cya Tanganyika]]. Yitabiriye irushanwa rya metero 50 (S10 category), maze yoga uburebure bwa pisine muminota 42.39, arangiza ari uwa nyuma, inyuma y'uwa kabiri mu koga buhoro buhoro mu manota 13.7. Ni bwo buryo bwonyine yitabiriye mu mikino Paralympic. Nubwo Kyodo News International yavuze ko yatakaje ukuguru kwe kw'ibumoso mugihe cya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside yo mu Rwanda]], mu byukuri yari abuze ukuguru kwe kwiburyo, kandi Rwagasana yabwiye ''The Daily Telegraph'' ko yavutse adafite ukuguru. == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} jvyiyqd81c6vgoel1cgarnwahcq9lsv 0 21598 140200 128268 2026-09-25T11:55:07Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140200 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kepler Basketball Club''' ni ikipe y’ababigize umwuga m’umukino wa basketball mu Rwanda ifite icyicaro i [[Kigali]] mu Rwanda. ikaba iyoborwa kandi ishingiye ku ikigo cy’uburezi cya Kepler. Ikipe y’abagabo ikina muri [[Rwanda Basketball League|shampiyona y’umukino wa basketball y’u Rwanda]] ( RBL ) kuva mu mwaka w’imikino wa 2024. == Amateka == == Ikibuga cy'imikino == Ikipe ikinira mu kibuga cyo hanze nk omuri kaminuza ariko yatangiye kubaka ikibuga cyayo cyo mu nzu gifite imyanya 1.500 muri 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Sikubwabo |first=Damas |date=2023-11-15 |title=Inside Kepler’s huge basketball ambitions |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/12360/sports/inside-keplers-huge-basketball-ambitions |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=The New Times |language=en}}</ref> == imidali == * [[Rwanda Basketball League Division 2|'''Shampiyona y'umukino wa Basketball mu Rwanda Icyiciro cya 2''']] ** Aba kabiri (1): 2023 * Igikombe cy'a shampiyona yu Rwanda <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sikubwabo |first=Damas |date=2025-10-04 |title=Hoops: Tigers win Rwanda Cup tournament |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/30216/sports/basketball/hoops-tigers-win-rwanda-cup-tournament |access-date=2025-10-06 |website=The New Times |language=en}}</ref> ** Umwanya wa Gatatu (1): 2025 == Amashakiro == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Imikino]] [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] n1d3tu6ufjayhhpp321a6txv7aewiew 0 21612 140126 128285 2026-09-25T09:09:40Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140126 wikitext text/x-wiki Irushanwa rya Tennis '''rya 2025 Rwanda Challenger II''' ryarirushanwa [[Tenisi|rya Tennis]] ryakinwe ku bibuga by'ibumba. Ryari irushanwa ryakane ryari mucyiciro cya 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. Ryabereye i [[Kigali]], mu Rwanda, hagati ya tariki ya 3 na 9 Werurwe 2025. == Abitabiriye tombola y'ibanze mu bakinnyi b'ingaragu == === Imbuto === {| class="sortable wikitable" ! width="70" |Igihugu ! width="175" | Umukinnyi ! Icyiciro ^{cya 1} ! Imbuto |- | | Jesper de Jong | 105 | 1 |- | | Calvin Hemery | 171 | 2 |- | | Carlos Taberner | 173 | 3 |- | | Valentin Royer | 182 | 4 |- | | Lukas Neumayer | 210 | 5 |- | | Bernard Tomic | 219 | 6 |- | | Geoffrey Blancaneaux | 221 | 7 |- | | Filip Cristian Jianu | 228 | 8 |} * Urutonde ¹ ni urwa 24 Gashyantare 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rankings – Singles – ATP Tour – Tennis |url=http://www.atptour.com/en/rankings/singles |website=ATP Tour}}</ref> === Abandi binjira === * [[Marco Cecchinato]] * [[Andrej Martin]] * [[Maximilian Neuchrist]] Abakinnyi bakurikira binjijwe mumukino w’ibanze w’abasimburana: * [[Eliakim Coulibaly]] * [[Guy den Ouden]] * Andrea Picchione Abakinnyi bakurikira nibo binjijwe mumukino wogushaka itike: * [[Franco Agamenone]] * [[Yankı Erel]] * [[Nicholas David Ionel]] * [[Daniel Michalski]] * [[Luka Pavlovic (tennis)|Luka Pavlovic]] * Gabriele Pennaforti == Abakinnyi batsinze == === Abantu b'ingaragu === * '''[[Valentin Royer]]''' def. [[Guy den Ouden]] 6–2, 6–4. === Ababiri ===   * '''[[Siddhant Banthia]]''' / '''[[Alexander Donski]]''' def. [[Geoffrey Blancaneaux]] / [[Zdeněk Kolář]] 6–4, 5–7, [10–8]. == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} 6clezs7spumzunj5hw8n4lmauxe1po6 0 21651 140051 128335 2026-09-24T13:30:20Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140051 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Laurence Niyonsaba''' (wavutse ku ya 14 Kamena 1973) n'umukinnyi w’Umunyarwanda wiruka intera yohagati. Yitabiriye irushanwa rya metero 1500 mubagore mumikino Olempike yo mu mpeshyi yo mu 1992. == Umwuga == Niyonsaba niwewenyine wasiganwaga metero 1500 washoboye guhagararira [[Rwanda at the 1992 Summer Olympics|u Rwanda mu mikino Olempike yo mu mpeshyi yo mu 1992.]] Muriyomikino, Niyonsaba yarangijaruwa 11 mugihe yarafite imbaraganyinshi, ananirwa kujyamumikino yanyuma. Muri Mata 1993, Niyonsabayashyizeho agahigo k'igihugu cy'u Rwanda ko gusiganwa metero 1000 mwirushanwa ryabereye i Saint-Maur mu Bufaransa mumupira w'amaguru. Nyumay'uwo mwaka, yujuje ibisabwa mukwiruka metero 800 na metero 1500 mu irushanwa ry'isi rya 1993 mu mikino ngororamubiri. Yarangije aruwa 6 mugusiganwa metero 800 nokumwanya wa 12 mu gusiganwa metero 1500, ananirwa gukomeza murayomarushanwa yombi. == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} lyxogk7qeqedjss1pie3v7rkm27frdl 0 21666 140113 135276 2026-09-25T09:08:08Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140113 wikitext text/x-wiki Ubuhinzi bw'urutoki mu karere kacu bukorerwa kuri hegitari ibihumbi 25, hirya no hino mu mirenge,bukaba bwigange cyane mu Murenge wa Mushikiri. Muri iki gihe cy'impeshyi cyangwa mu Ki umusaruro w'uurutoki nubwo uba uboneka cyane; Bifasha abaturage kwihaza mu biribwa no kwiteza imbere mu bukangu.<ref>https://www.kirehe.gov.rw/soma-ibindi/ubuhinzi-bwurutoki-bukorerwa-kuri-hegitari-zisaga-ibihumbi-25-kandi-bufasha-abahinzi-kwiteza-imbere</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} c5aca6x7lq09c75m9yc03bwcg0sdh9o 0 21775 140175 128661 2026-09-25T09:45:02Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140175 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Alphonse Munyeshyaka''' ni umukinnyi ukomoka akanakinira ikipe [[Rwanda|wo mu Rwanda]] wiruka intera yo hagati mu mikino Olempike. Yahagarariye igihugu cye mu kwiruka metero 1500 mu bagabo mu mikino Olempike yo mu mpeshyi yo mu 1996. Igihe cye cyari 3:58.75. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alphonse Munyeshyaka Bio, Stats, and Results |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/mu/alphonse-munyeshyaka-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418064024/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/mu/alphonse-munyeshyaka-1.html |archive-date=18 April 2020 |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com}}</ref> == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} 0dc7nnklc33yumfbdz374a31qeqsu8c 0 21792 139976 128682 2026-09-24T13:21:20Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139976 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ildephonse Sehirwa''' numukinnyi w'Umunyarwanda wiruka interandende. Yitabiriye marato y'abagabo mumikino Olempike yomumpeshyi yomu 1992. == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} h7dz4rrhnqitva56lidt5kacp3cssyk 0 21794 140226 128684 2026-09-25T11:58:02Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140226 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Robert Thomson''' (wavutse kuya 28 Mutarama 1982 <ref name="euro" /> ) numukinnyi wa Basketball w’Umunyarwanda ufitinkomoko mur'Amerika ubukinira ikipe ya CS Gaz Metan Mediaş yo muri Romanian Basketball League. Ni umwe mu bagize ikipe y’igihugu y’abagabo ya Basketball y’Urwanda. Thomson yavukiye muri Pennsylvania, arangiza amashuriye mwishuri ryisumbuye rya Saucon Valley i Hellertown, muri Pennsylvania. Yakinnye umukino wa basketball muri kaminuza ya Fairfield. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fairfield University Athletics |url=http://www.fairfieldstags.com/sports/m-baskbl/spec-rel/113099aab.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217093617/http://www.fairfieldstags.com/sports/m-baskbl/spec-rel/113099aab.html |archive-date=2012-02-17 |access-date=2009-08-30}}</ref> Thomson yimukiye mu [[Rwanda]] mu 2006 nyuma yokurangiza i Fairfield nogukina imyaka ibiri ya Basketball y'umwuga muri [[Hongiriya]] no [[Ubutaliyani|mu Butaliyani]]. Nyuma Thomson yabonye pasiporo y'u Rwanda kandi yarumwe mubagize ikipe y'u Rwanda yaje kumwanya wa cyenda muri Shampiyona ya Afurika ya FIBA yo mu 2009 ndetse no mu 2007 yegukanye igikombe cya mbere cya Afurika mu mateka y'u Rwanda. Thomson yayoboye abakinnyi bose mugusiganwa kumaguru n'iminota kuri burimukino mwirushanwa rya 2009. == Ibihembo n'ibyagezweho == === Ikipe === ; U Cluj-Napoca * Liga National : (2011) == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} fk9ix6adfsjceu0gsxe04kqnqicr0bt 0 21807 140024 128700 2026-09-24T13:27:06Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140024 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Jean-Luc Eric Bakame Ndayishimiye''' (wavutse kuya 25 Gicurasi 1991) numukinnyi mpuzamahanga [[Umupira w’amaguru|w'umupira w'amaguru]] [[Rwanda|w'u Rwanda]] ukina nk'umunyezamu. Kuva muri Gashyantare 2010, akinira [[APR FC]] kandi amaze gukinira ikipeye inshuro esheshatu. Jean Luc yasinye amasezerano na Rayons Sport kuva muri 2013 kandi aherutse gusinya amasezerano azatuma akomeza gukina Rayon indi myaka 2. == Ibyagezweho == * [[Shampiyona y’ icyiciro cya mbere mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda|Champion y'u Rwanda]] mu 2010, 2011, na 2012 muri APR FC * Yatwaye [[Rwandan Cup|igikombe cy'u Rwanda]] mu 2009 ari kumwe na [[ATRACO FC]], mu 2010, 2011, na 2012 ari kumwe na APR FC. * Yatwaye igikombe cya Kagame Interclub Cup mu 2009 ari kumwe na ATRACO FC, mu 2010 ari kumwe na APR FC. == Amasano yo hanze == * {{NFT player|26289|Jean-Luc Ndayishimiye}} jvypnemxlcqgqxqcvoh0pf14djcq8cm 0 21870 140227 128832 2026-09-25T11:58:09Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140227 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" |+ class="infobox-title" id="4" |Ishyirahamwe ry'umupira w'amaguru rya Maasai |- class="mw-file-element" data-file-height="382" data-file-type="drawing" data-file-width="274" decoding="async" height="139" resource="./File:Maasai_Football_Federation.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ab/Maasai_Football_Federation.svg/120px-Maasai_Football_Federation.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ab/Maasai_Football_Federation.svg/250px-Maasai_Football_Federation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ab/Maasai_Football_Federation.svg/250px-Maasai_Football_Federation.svg.png 2x" width="100" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Maasai_Football_Federation.svg|139x139px]] |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Yashinzwe | class="infobox-data" | 2006 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Perezida | class="infobox-data" | Godfrey Ole Ntapatia |} '''Ishyirahamwe ry'umupira w'amaguru rya Maasai''' (MFF), rizwi kandi kw' izina '''ry'ishyirahamwe ry'umupira w'amaguru rya Maasai''', niryo shyirahamwe riyobora [[Umupira w’amaguru|umupira w'amaguru]] mu [[Abamasayi|baturage b'Abamasai]] bomuri [[Kenya]] na [[Tanzaniya]]. Icyicaro gikuru cyaryo kiri i Kiserian, muri Kenya. Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru ryashinzwe muwi 2006, ryabaye umunyamuryango w’Inama Nshya y’Amashyirahamwe y’Umupira w’Amaguru muri Werurwe uwomwaka. Perezida waryo ubu ni Godfrey Ole Ntapatia, naho Solomon Kisemei Ntooki akaba umunyamabanga mukuru waryo. <ref name="fedefutbol">{{Cite web |title=Maasai Football Federation |url=http://fedefutbol.net/fed.aspx?id=MAI |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107234823/http://fedefutbol.net/fed.aspx?id=MAI |archive-date=7 November 2011 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=Fedefutbol.net}}</ref> [[Maasai representative football team|Ikipe y’umupira w’amaguru ya MFF igenzura ikipe y’umupira w’amaguru ihagarariye Abamasai]], ikoresha [[Talek Stadium|Sitade ya Talek]] nk’ikibuga cyayo cyambere, <ref name="fedefutbol">{{Cite web |title=Maasai Football Federation |url=http://fedefutbol.net/fed.aspx?id=MAI |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107234823/http://fedefutbol.net/fed.aspx?id=MAI |archive-date=7 November 2011 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=Fedefutbol.net}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20111107234823/http://fedefutbol.net/fed.aspx?id=MAI "Maasai Football Federation"]. Fedefutbol.net. Archived from [http://fedefutbol.net/fed.aspx?id=MAI the original] on 7 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> itarakina umukino uwari wowose mpuzamahanga, cyangwa ngoyinjire mu gikombe cy’isi cya Viva. Iyikipe yagombaga kwitabira iki gikombe cyayo cyo mu 2008, ariko ntiyashoboye kubikora kubera impamvu zitazwi. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Pulk |first=Åse |date=2008-02-13 |title=Stor interesse for Viva World Cup |url=https://www.nrk.no/sapmi/stor-interesse-for-viva-world-cup-1.4809113 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250829161322/https://www.nrk.no/sapmi/stor-interesse-for-viva-world-cup-1.4809113 |archive-date=2025-08-29 |access-date=2025-08-29 |work=[[NRK]] |language=nb-NO}}</ref> == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} bwu7dld17j4qh8hbhgy06g4kdbugnpq 0 21875 140094 128837 2026-09-25T09:05:55Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140094 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mean Machine RFC''' nikipe y’ishyirahamwe ry’abakina umupira w’amaguru i [[Nairobi]] muri [[Kenya]]. Ni uruhande ruhagarariye Kaminuza ya Nairobi kandi yashinzwe muwi 1977 mu gihe ishyirahamwe ry’abakina umupira w’amaguru muri Kenya ryakinwaga cyane n’abazungu n’abanyamahanga. Iyi kipe irimo abanyeshuri beza muri Kenya binjira muriyi kaminuza kandi baturuka mubigo bitandukanye bya Kaminuza nka Main Campus, Chiromo Campus, Parklands Campus, Lower Kabete Campus, Upper Kabete Campus, Kenya Science Campus ndetse na Mombasa Campus. Mumwaka wabo wambere, batwaye igikombe cya Kenya. Mean Machine yanatwaye shampiyona ya KRU inshuro ebyiri, muri 2018 na 2022 ndetse inatwara shampiyona yambere ya Varsity Cup League. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.kenyarfu.com/KRFU%20DOCS/Kenya%20Rugby%20History%20Highlights.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204162006/http://www.kenyarfu.com/KRFU%20DOCS/Kenya%20Rugby%20History%20Highlights.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-04 |access-date=2016-02-04}}</ref> Mumyaka ya 1980, iyi kipe yahatiwe gufungwa kubera igitutu cya politiki nyuma y’igerageza rya coup d'état ryo mu 1982, kandi abakinnyi benshi bagombaga gukinira andi makipe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mean Machine » History |url=http://meanmachine.co.ke/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608022703/http://meanmachine.co.ke/history/ |archive-date=2010-06-08 |access-date=2010-05-20}}</ref> == Reba kandi == * Ishyirahamwe ry'abakina umupira w'amaguru muri Kenya == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} sm1c1le0totzfj6v0e2lndr9ku0r2aw 0 21933 140100 137942 2026-09-25T09:06:37Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140100 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rwanda Cycling Cup''' ni irushanwa ryu Rwanda, rikaba ari ngaruka mwaka ry’[[Igare|amagare]] rihuza amakipe atandukanye mu [[Rwanda]], rigamije guteza imbere uyu mukino no kuzamura impano nshya muri shampiyona y'icyiciro cya mbere ndetse no mu cy'iciro cy'akabiri ritegurwa n'[[FERWACY|ishyirahamwe ry'umukino w'a magare mu Rwanda]], [[FERWACY|Ferwacy]].<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/amagare/article/amagare-abakinnyi-23-bazahagararira-u-rwanda-muri-shampiyona-nyafurika-ya-2025</ref><ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/amagare/article/ngendahayo-jeremie-na-ingabire-diane-begukanye-isiganwa-ryo-kwibuka29-amafoto</ref><ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/amagare/article/rwanda-cycling-cup-irakomeza-hakinwa-kivu-race</ref><ref>https://kigalitoday.com/imikino/amagare/Nsengimana-Bosco-yegukanye-Rwanda-Cycling-Cup</ref> == Irushanwa == Rwanda cycling cup igizwe n'amarushanwa atandukanye akinwa mu gihugu hirya no hino, ayo marushanwa harimo nka : * HEROES CYCLING CUP * Rwanda Youth Racing Cup 2026 * [[Tour du Rwanda]] == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe y'amagare]] ieqsq62vze57cv949hiwfaz86gd46bb 0 22008 140038 129147 2026-09-24T13:28:46Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140038 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Sitade ya Jay Jay Okocha''' ni sitade irimuri Ogwashi-Uku, Aniocha y'Amajyepfo, [[Nijeriya|muri Nijeriya]] yitiriwe uwahoze ari kapiteni wa Super Eagles Jay-Jay Okocha. Kurubikoreshwa cyane cyane mu mikino [[Umupira w’amaguru|y'umupira w'amaguru]] kandi sitade ya Delta Force FC yakiniwe murugo. Iyi sitade yahinduwe izina rya Okocha muri Kamena 2008, ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu 8.000 kandi yakiriye imikino ya Shampiyona ya WAFU y'abatarengeje imyaka 20 yatwaye na Ghana mu 2008. <ref name="dailynews">{{Cite news |date=25 June 2008 |title=Nigeria: Delta names stadium after Jay Jay Okocha |url=http://ndn.nigeriadailynews.com/templates/?a=9948 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130208140258/http://ndn.nigeriadailynews.com/templates/?a=9948 |archive-date=February 8, 2013 |access-date=19 July 2012 |work=Nigeria Daily News}}</ref> <ref name="bbc1">{{Cite news |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |date=27 June 2008 |title=Okocha's emotional testimonial |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/7477694.stm |access-date=19 July 2012 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref> <ref name="gambia1">{{Cite news |date=1 December 2008 |title=Ghana too strong for Senegal |url=http://observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/ghana-too-strong-for-senegal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217065304/http://observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/ghana-too-strong-for-senegal |archive-date=17 February 2012 |access-date=19 July 2012 |work=The Daily Observer |publisher=Observer Company Ltd. |location=Banjul, Gambia}}</ref> == Amateka == Mu 2015, yabaye imwemumbuga zakiniwemo igikombe cya Delta State Federation Cup cyo mu 2015. Nyuma y'imyaka icyenda, mwirushanwa rya 2024 Zenith Bank/Delta Principals Cup, ryabereye mu cyiciro cyakabiri cyanyuma cyahuje Ishuri Rikuru rya Umutu n'Ishuri Rikuru rya Utagbe, aho Ishuri Rikuru rya Utagbe ryageze kumukino wa nyuma ritsinda igitego 1-0. == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} lsv0146dziftdg1c0191sljg6qeioyz 0 22087 140218 132296 2026-09-25T11:57:08Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140218 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football club|clubname=FC Edaga Hamus|fullname=Football Club Edaga Hamus|nickname=|founded=|ground=[[Cicero Stadium]] <br>[[Asmara]], [[Eritrea]]|capacity=10,000|chairman=|manager=|league=[[Eritrean Premier League]]|season=|position=}}'''Ikipe y'umupira w'amaguru ya Edaga Hamus''' nikipe [[Umupira w’amaguru|y'umupira w'amaguru]] [[Eritereya|ya Eritrea]] ifite icyicaro i [[Edaga Hamus, Eritrea|Edaga Hamus]] mukarere ka [[Asmara]]. Ikinira muri Shampiyona y'Ubwongereza ya Eritrea. Bakinira muri Sitade ya Cicero, ifitubushobozi bwokwakira abantu 10.000. == Ikipe iriho ubu ==   == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} euwylf5yq17lrmsqq51c7wzoomnhcbi 0 22094 139997 129300 2026-09-24T13:23:48Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139997 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sitade ya Ughelli Township''' nisitade iri i Otovwodo, Ughelli North Local Government Area Delta State. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-06 |title=Ughelli North DTHA constituency II aspirant hosts Umurhohwo football competition |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/12/ughelli-north-dtha-constituency-ii-aspirant-hosts-umurhohwo-football-competition/ |access-date=2022-02-17 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ubu ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu mikino [[Umupira w’amaguru|y'umupira w'amaguru]] kandi nisitade ya Ughelli Rovers Football Club. Iyisitade ifitubushobozi bwokwakirabantu 5.000 kandiyubatswe mu 2002. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">Ibisobanuro bikenewe</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Yakiriye imikino ya Shampiyona y'Umupira w'Amaguru w'Abagore yo mu 2006 n'iya Shampiyona ya WAFU y'Abatarengeje imyaka 20 yo mu 2008.   == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070916133326/http://www.deltastate.gov.ng/ughellistadia.htm Amafoto y'ubwubatsi] Archived * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081015053242/http://www.tribune.com.ng/14102008/news/sports8.html Sitade ya Okocha yiteguye WAFU - Oleh, Ughelli, Oghara nayo] <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>5°28′52″N 6°1′22″E / 5.48111°N 6.02278°E / 5.48111; 6.02278 nklc10lrjitnqflogvq8nfp6k48qivf 0 22124 140065 129267 2026-09-24T13:38:33Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox country at games|NPC=UGA|NPCname=Uganda National Paralympic Committee|games=Summer Paralympics|year=1976|flagcaption=|oldcode=|website=|location=[[Toronto]]|competitors=1|sports=1|flagbearer=|rank=34|gold=0|silver=0|bronze=0|officials=|appearances=auto|app_begin_year=|app_end_year=|summerappearances=|winterappearances=|seealso=}}'''[[Ubugande|Uganda]]''' yoherejitsinda ry’abahagarariye abandi mu'''marushanwa ya Paralympic yomu mpeshyi yomu 1976''' yabereye i Toronto, muri Ontario, muri Kanada. Igihugucyinjiyemo umukinnyi umwe gusa, wahatanye mumikino ngororamubiri. Ntamudariyatsindiye. Uganda yitabiriyimikino ya Paralympic, arikontabwo yitabiriye imikino Olempike yomumpeshyi yo mu 1976, kukoyitabiriye imikino yomur'Afurika yokwiyamamaza muri uwomwaka. Nibwo bwanyuma Uganda yagaragaye muriyi mikino ya Paralympic y'impeshyi mbereya 1996. == Siporo == O. Obadiya <small>(izinaryeryose ntiryanditswe)</small> niwewenyine wari uhagarariye Uganda, kandi yahatanye mu irushanwa ry’abagabo ryoguterumuhunda (C). Yaje kumwanya wa 15 muri 23, afitemetero 32.18. == Reba kandi == * Uganda mu mikino Paralempike yo mu mpeshyi ya 1972 * Uganda mu mikino Olempike yo mu mpeshyi ya 2001 == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} == Amasano yo hanze == * [http://www.paralympic.org Urubuga rwemewe rwa Komite Mpuzamahanga y'Imikino y'Abamugaye] {{NPCin1976SummerParalympics}} t180nxp6unsf7kij27xbfpzwiezz3g7 0 22156 140007 130324 2026-09-24T13:25:00Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140007 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Amafoto y' ahitwa kumizi ya Nyabingi.jpg|thumb|Guterekera abazimu]] '''Guterekera Mu Rwanda''' ni umuhango wo mu [[Rwanda]] rwohambere aho abakurambere babikoreshaga mu gusaba imbaraga cyangwa inama ku myuka ya ba sekuruza babo babaga batakiriho, babagisha inama, babaza itsinzi ,cyangwa ikindi kintu cyose cyerekeranye ibihe byarangiye.<ref>https://www.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/amabanga-y-ubupfumu-amarozi-no-kuraguza-mu-muziki-w-u-rwanda</ref> == Mu Rwanda == Umuhango wo guterekera ubundi ni bumwe mu bwoko bwo guterekera ubwoko bw'ubupfumu n'imyizerere byabakurambere bo mu [[Rwanda]] bukubiyemo rwabaga bukubiyemo ibintu byinshi bitandukanye, byenda gusa no kubandwa cyangwa guhamura.<ref>https://igihe.com/umuco/amateka/article/ubupfumu-no-kuraguza-mu-banyarwanda-mu-isura-nshya</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Guterekera]] [[Ikiciro:Ubupfumu]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Rite]] [[Ikiciro:Umuco wacu]] muictsbes7izu5ih8kqsh5j8acr8qoa 0 22457 139989 136956 2026-09-24T13:22:51Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 139989 wikitext text/x-wiki GIRAMATA Jeanne d'Arc wamenyekanye nka ''Giramata'' ni umuhanzikazi w'umunyarwanda uririmba indirimbo zo kuramya no guhimbaza Imana. Giramata yavutse mu mwaka wa 2004.<ref name=":0">https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/abahanzi-10-bashya-bo-guhangwa-amaso-mu-2026</ref> == Akazi == Giramata yatangiye kuririmba kera akiri umwana muri za Korari zitandukanye.<ref name=":1">https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/giramata-wasubiyemo-indirimbo-zabarimo-aline-serge-na-mbonyi-yatangaje-imishinga-afite-ana-110548#google_vignette</ref>Mu mwaka wa 2021 nibwo yatangiye umuziki, atangira asubiramo indirimbo z;abandi bahanzi, nyuma aza no gusohora indirimbo. Harimo Amahirwe ya kabiri <ref name=":0" />, Amarira ndira<ref name=":2">https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/giramata-yasohoye-indirimbo-amarira-ndira-ihumuriza-abarokotse-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi--116238</ref>irimo ubutumwa buhumuriza abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994<ref name=":2" /> == Abahanzi akunda == Giramata akunda cyane Vestina na Dorcas, Tasha Kobbs na Ada Ehi.<ref name=":1" /> == Amarushanwa == Mu mwaka wa 2022 yitabiriye irushanwa rya Gospel Talent Hunt ryateguwe na Rise and Shine World Ministries.<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/abanyempano-6-muri-benshi-bitabiriye-irushanwa-rya-gospel-talent-hunt-ryateguwe-na-rise-an-116400</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} dpvoz4op4oxu0a2j33maj5jwtiz6zli 0 22688 140180 135354 2026-09-25T09:45:38Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140180 wikitext text/x-wiki Gukina Igisoro Igisoro ni umwe mu mikino izwi ko ari iya kera cyane mu [[Rwanda]]. Igisoro kibazwa mu giti cyangwa kikabumbwa ariko n’abana bashobora kugikora bacukura utwobo mu butaka. Igisoro kigizwe n’impande ebyiri, buri ruhande rugizwe n’utwobo cumi na dutandatu aho buri kamwe kitwa icuba. Bivuze ko utwobo twose tugize igisoro ari mirongo itatu na tubiri. Igisoro gikinwa n’abantu babiri bakoresheje utubuye tw’igisoro mirongo itandatu na tune.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/articles/c5y482j3qmmo</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika yacu]] 2tqvkuic05dwnhw9jcwcplvhn19un53 0 22826 140201 131839 2026-09-25T11:55:14Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140201 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Angereb''' izwi kandi nka '''''Bahr as-Salam''''' ni [[Uruzi|umugezi]] wo muri [[Etiyopiya]] na [[Sudani]] y'iburasirazuba, rukaba rumwe mu masoko ya [[Nili]]. Ruzamuka hafi ya Daqwa, mu majyaruguru y'umujyi wa Gondar mu Karere ka Amhara, rutemba rugana iburengerazuba rugana ku ruzi rwa Atbarah. Akarere k'amateka ka Armachiho gaherereye ku nzira yako. Urugomero rwa Angereb, rwatangiye gukoreshwa mu mwaka wa 1997, rwari rugamije gukemura ikibazo cy'amazi meza mu mujyi mu gihe cy'imyaka 25. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haregeweyn |first=Nigussie |date=February 2012 |title=Reservoir sedimentation and its mitigating strategies: a case study of Angereb reservoir (NW Ethiopia) |journal=Journal of Soils and Sediments |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=291–305 |doi=10.1007/s11368-011-0447-z}}</ref> Ikigega cya Angereb n'amasoko y'amazi yo munsi y'ubutaka abiri ni byo bitanga amazi menshi muri uyu mujyi, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo gukora bwa metero kube 8,298 ku munsi. == Reba kandi == * Angereb ntoya * Urutonde rw'imigezi ya Etiyopiya * Urutonde rw'imigezi ya Sudani {{Reflist}} 7gr0g8vuur8ns1bxhbfve5q64bwx249 0 22841 140082 131858 2026-09-25T09:04:31Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140082 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Akalamm Abkhane''' (izwi kandi ku izina ry'Ikiyaga '''cy'Umukara''' ) ni ikiyaga giherereye hafi muri {{Convert|38|km|abbr=on}} ikomoka mu Ntara ya Khénifra. Igaragaza ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'ibidukikije mu Ntara ya Khenifra, cyane cyane mu karere ka Temdaghas Ait Lahcen. Iki kiyaga gituwe n'amoko atandukanye y'inyoni, harimo imbata n'inkoko z'umukara. Ariko, nta mafi arimo bitewe n'imyunyu ngugu irimo uburozi, nka lisansi, ndetse n'umunyu mwinshi mu mazi yacyo. Ikiyaga ni agace karemano gatuwe n'amasoko yo munsi y'ubutaka, cyane cyane ku buryo buzwi cyane kubera ubujyakuzimu bwabyo, cyane cyane ku ruhande rw'iburasirazuba. Iki kiyaga giherereye ku butumburuke bwa {{Convert|1700|m|abbr=on}}, ifite ubuso bwa {{Convert|7|ha}}, ifite ubujyakuzimu bugera kuri {{Convert|2|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Beni Mellal-Khénifra - Conseil régional du tourisme |url=https://www.visitbenimellal.com/ar/nature/baladeenquad/61e14c362259880019a70aa0 |website=www.visitbenimellal.com}}</ref> == Reba == <references /> {{Reflist}} t8svb79boousl7discx8xdtpjnc1g12 0 22853 140039 131877 2026-09-24T13:28:53Z Score Beethoven 11559 Typo fix: removed space before punctuation (, ; .) 140039 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Couffo''' cyangwa '''Kouffo''' ni [[Uruzi|uruzi ruri]] ruherereye muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba. Ruzamuka muri [[Togo]] ariko runyura munzira yarwo y'ibirometero125(78 mi) muri [[Bene|Benin]], Rukagera mu kiyaga cya Ahémé . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Houngnikpo |first=Mathurin C. |date=2013 |title=Historical Dictionary of Benin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0yGPTsRubWEC&pg=PA121 |last2=Decalo |first2=Samuel |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-0810871717 |page=121 |access-date=21 July 2015}}</ref> Rugize igice cy;umupaka wa Togo na Benin kandi rukaba nk'umupaka uhuza ishami rya Kouffo na Zou rya Benin. == Reba kandi == * Urutonde rw'imigezi ya Afurika == Indangasano == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} bfacijjeq8t4krieq0kc9eryiwaacw9