ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ satwiki https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%9B_%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.7 first-letter ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱸᱲᱚᱸ ᱜᱚᱸᱲᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ TimedText TimedText talk ᱢᱳᱰᱩᱞ ᱢᱳᱰᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ Event Event talk 0 1156 193031 145879 2026-06-20T12:04:33Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193031 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Churchill 1904 Q 42037.jpg|thumb|ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱐᱔]]'''ᱩᱭᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱤᱞ''' (᱓᱐ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱗᱔ – ᱒᱔ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱖᱕) ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ|ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱤᱝᱞᱟᱱᱰ|ᱤᱝᱞᱟᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ (prime minister) ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱩᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱟᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ==ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ== ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱟᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤᱭᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ]] ᱭᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱨᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱟᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱮᱱᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ==ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ== ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ (᱑᱙᱔᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ)᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱤᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ==ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ== ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱭᱮ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱜᱤ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱩᱞᱮᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ 'ᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱭᱚᱱᱤᱨ' ᱟᱨ 'ᱰᱮᱞᱤ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ' ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ==ᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ== ᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱭᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱜᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱟᱹᱱᱤᱭᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ '[[ᱢᱮᱱ ᱳᱵᱷᱟᱨᱵᱳᱨᱰ]]'᱾ == ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱮᱛ == * https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == * [http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/authors/c#a1601 Works by Winston Churchill] at [[Project Gutenberg]] * [http://www.churchillmemorial.org/ Winston Churchill Memorial and Library] at [[Westminster College, Missouri|Westminster College]], Missouri * [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/churchill_papers/biography/churchill_chronology.php Churchill College Biography of Winston Churchill] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912233836/http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/churchill_papers/biography/churchill_chronology.php |date=2008-09-12 }} * [http://vault.fbi.gov/Winston%20Churchill FBI files on Winston Churchill] * [http://www.mises.org/story/1450 The Real Churchill] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090502064141/http://www.mises.org/story/1450 |date=2009-05-02 }} (critical) and a rebuttal * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070912233119/http://www.winstonchurchill.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=892&textonly=1 A Rebuttal to "The Real Churchill"] * [http://www.savrola.co.uk/bactable.php?sorted=author&category=A Online bibliography of books on Churchill]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520112416/http://www.savrola.co.uk/bactable.php?sorted=author&category=A |date=2013-05-20 }} * [http://www.museumsyndicate.com/artist.php?artist=667 Online gallery of Churchill's numerous oil paintings] * [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/search/quick_search.aspx?c=CATEGORY%3a4%3aLaw+%26+order+(3)%3aC10017%3a&queryText=churchhill&searchtext=churchhill&queryType=ALL&ShowAllCategories=0 Key records about Winston Churchill at The National Archives of the United Kingdom] * [http://historicalpodcasts.googlepages.com/winstonchurchill Collected Churchill Podcasts and speeches] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204202154/http://historicalpodcasts.googlepages.com/winstonchurchill |date=2009-02-04 }} * [http://www.winstonchurchill.org/ The Churchill Centre website] * ''[http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/churchill/interactive Churchill and the Great Republic]'' Exhibition explores Churchill's relationship with the US * ''War Cabinet Minutes'' [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_1_transcript.pdf (1942)], [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_2_transcript.pdf (1942–43)], [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_3_transcript.pdf (1945–46)], [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_4_transcript.pdf (1946)] * [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/searches/subjectView.asp?ID=P5659 Locations of correspondence and papers of Churchill] at The National Archives of the UK * [http://www.history.com/topics/winston-churchill The History Channel: Winston Churchill] * [http://www.earthstation1.com/churchil.html EarthStation1: Winston Churchill Speech Audio Archive] * [http://www.iwm.org.uk/ Imperial War Museum]: [[Churchill War Rooms]]. Comprising the original underground War Rooms preserved since 1945, including the Cabinet Room, the Map Room and Churchill's bedroom, and the new Museum dedicated to Churchill's life. [[Category:!Main category]] [[category:ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱥᱤ]] [[category:ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱡ]] e5g0rgj73nn7ypt9mjrojz67aek9vzn 0 1191 193036 113276 2026-06-20T12:53:08Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱫᱩᱵᱟᱭ | official_name = | native_name = <span style="line-height:150%">{{lang|ar|دبي}}</span> | settlement_type = ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ | translit_lang1_type = [[Arabic script|Arabic]] | translit_lang1_info = دبي | image_skyline = {{photomontage | photo1a = Dubai-World-Trade-Centre-image.jpg | photo3a = Dubai Marina 04 (cropped).jpg | photo2a = Artificial_Archipelagos,_Dubai,_United_Arab_Emirates_ISS022-E-024940_lrg.jpg | photo2b = DubaiConstruction.jpg | size = 280 | spacing = 1 | color = Transparent | border = 0 }} | image_caption = | image_size = 280px | image_flag = Flag of Dubai.svg | flag_size = 120px | image_shield = Coat of arms of Dubai.svg | shield_size = 80px | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_relief = yes | pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_caption = Location within the United Arab Emirates##Location within the Persian Gulf | coordinates = {{coord|25|15|47|N|55|17|50|E|type:adm1st_region:AE|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type1 = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_type2 = [[ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱢᱤᱨᱟᱛ|ᱟᱢᱤᱨᱟᱛ]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flag| United Arab Emirates}} | subdivision_name2 = [[Emirate of Dubai|ᱫᱩᱵᱟᱭ]] | founder = [[Al Maktoum|Ubaid bin Saeed and Maktum bin Butti Al Maktoum]] | parts_type = Subdivisions | parts = ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ | p1 = [[Jebel Ali]] | p2 = [[Al Aweer]] | p3 = Al Lusayli | p4 = Marqab | p5 = [[Al Faqa]]'<ref name="DSC 2015">{{cite web |publisher=Dubai Statistics Center, [[Government of Dubai]] |title=Population Bulletin |url=https://www.dsc.gov.ae/Publication/Population%20Bulletin%20Emirate%20of%20Dubai%202015.pdf |year=2015 |access-date=5 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407161314/https://www.dsc.gov.ae/Publication/Population%2520Bulletin%2520Emirate%2520of%2520Dubai%25202015.pdf |archive-date=7 April 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> | p6 = Ud al-Bayda | p7 = Urqub Juwayza | government_type = [[Absolute monarchy]] | leader_title = ᱫᱩᱵᱟᱭ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱦ | leader_name = ᱫᱟᱣᱩᱫᱽ ᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱡᱟᱨᱤ | area_footnotes = <ref>[https://www.dubai.com/v/geography/ Dubai Georgraphy] page from dubai.com. Retrieved 12 July 2019.</ref> | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 4,114 | population_total = 3,331,420 | population_footnotes = <ref name="dsc.gov.ae">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dsc.gov.ae/en-us/DSC-News/Pages/Dubai-Population-Are-3.3-Million-by-Q3-19.aspx|title=Dubai Population Are 3.3 Million by Q3-19|website=www.dsc.gov.ae|access-date=15 December 2019|archive-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215235952/https://www.dsc.gov.ae/en-us/DSC-News/Pages/Dubai-Population-Are-3.3-Million-by-Q3-19.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> | population_as_of = Q3 2019 | population_metro = ~4,000,000 | population_metro_footnotes = | population_demonym = [[wikt:Dubaian|ᱫᱩᱵᱟᱭᱟᱱ]] | website = {{Official website|https://u.ae/#/}} | footnotes = | blank_name = Nominal GDP | blank_info = 2016 estimate | blank1_name = ᱜᱩᱴ | blank1_info = [[United States dollar|USD]]$108 billion<ref>{{cite web|title=Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices 2016 – Emirate of Dubai|url=https://www.dsc.gov.ae/Report/Gross%20Domestic%20Product%20at%20Currents%20Prices%202016.pdf|access-date=26 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818173014/https://www.dsc.gov.ae/Report/Gross%20Domestic%20Product%20at%20Currents%20Prices%202016.pdf|archive-date=18 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> | utc_offset = +04:00 | timezone = [[Time in the United Arab Emirates|UAE Standard Time]] }} [[File:Dubai road by mahshooq badiadka.jpg|thumb|Dubai road by mahshooq badiadka]] [[File:Camello y campamento, Al Bastakiya, Dubai, 2009-11-23, DD 8878.jpg|thumb|Camello y campamento, Al Bastakiya, Dubai, 2009-11-23, DD 8878]] '''ᱫᱩᱵᱟᱭ''' Dubai (/duːˈbaɪ/ doo-BYE; Arabic: دبي‎ Dubay, Gulf pronunciation: [dʊˈbɑj]) ᱫᱚ ''ᱭᱩᱱᱟᱭᱴᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱤᱨᱮᱴ '' ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱩᱹᱮᱹᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱵᱩᱨᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟ]] ᱾ == ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ == == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == == ᱚᱛᱱᱚ == [[File:Dubai Creek, UAE (4325886562).jpg|thumb|Dubai Creek, UAE (4325886562)]] == ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ == [[File:Dubai banner 2.jpg|Dubai banner 2]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:!Main category]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:City]] 3vi02tgayf15rm5wvio501lcd3gci92 0 2240 193068 139804 2026-06-20T17:21:39Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193068 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ''' ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟ. [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱥᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱟᱢᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱚᱨᱴ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱞᱤᱪᱟ.ᱲᱦᱚᱱ (Handicap) ᱦᱚᱲ (ᱭᱩᱮᱱᱥᱤᱟᱨᱯᱤᱰᱤ) ᱟᱜ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱟᱭᱴᱮᱰ ᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱢᱮᱞᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱱ ᱥᱩᱦᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱩᱱᱟᱭᱟ. ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ (NLEP) ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑•᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑•᱓ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱭ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱢᱞᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱯᱚᱨᱴ ᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱢᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱨᱟᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱕᱘•᱘% ᱾ [[File:Leprosy.jpg|thumb|᱒᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ (᱑᱘᱘᱖)]] ==ᱩᱪᱟ.ᱲ, ᱛᱤᱠᱪᱷᱟ. ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱪᱟ.ᱲ== ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟ.ᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟ.ᱡ ᱩᱪᱟ.ᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟ.ᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱠᱩᱛ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱩᱯᱟ.ᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱤᱱᱟ.ᱝ ᱚᱝᱜᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞᱮᱛ (symptom) ᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱥ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱲᱟ.ᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱤᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱢᱩᱞᱴᱤᱼᱰᱨᱚᱜᱽ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱮᱯᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱵᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱮᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱠᱪᱷᱟ. ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱤᱪᱟ.ᱲᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱤᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱛᱤᱠᱪᱷᱟ. ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱞᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱤᱪᱟ.ᱲᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟ.ᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱯᱟᱲ ᱞᱤᱠᱷᱳᱱ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱮ, ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱥᱟᱯᱨᱮ, ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱯ ᱥᱤᱢᱯᱴᱚᱢ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱟ.ᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱛᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱮᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱞᱚᱨᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱨᱦᱟ.ᱨ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱤᱡ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱺᱦᱤᱨ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ, ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱡᱩᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣᱜ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱪᱟᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟ. ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱧᱩᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟ.ᱠᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ. ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟ.ᱜᱟ.ᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱪᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ, ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ, ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱟᱯᱨᱤᱠᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟ.ᱵᱷᱟ.ᱭ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟ.ᱦᱤᱞ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱟ. ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ, ᱩᱪᱟ.ᱲᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱤᱡᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱺᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱤᱠᱪᱷᱟ.ᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱯ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟ.ᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱮᱛ (migrant) ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱙᱘ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ.ᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱭ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱛᱤᱠᱪᱷᱟ. ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱲᱦᱮᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱕% ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱠᱪᱷᱟ. ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫᱽ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱸᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟ.ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱠᱟ.ᱱᱩᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ== ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱥᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱧᱚᱞᱦᱟᱫ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱢᱟᱬ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱲ|ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱰ]], ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ, ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ, ᱟᱸᱫᱷᱨᱚᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ [[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟ.ᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱴᱠᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱓᱙ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱳᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱰᱨᱟᱭᱵᱤᱝ ᱞᱟᱭᱥᱮᱱᱥ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱨᱮᱞ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱰᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱜᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱮᱡᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱟᱴᱠᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ==ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baba_Amte https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard_Fischer_(diplomat) ==ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ== http://209.61.208.233/en/Section980/Section2572/Section2575.htm{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222030004/http://209.61.208.233/en/Section980/Section2572/Section2575.htm |date=2014-02-22 }} https://doi.org/10.4103%2Fijdvl.IJDVL_1070_16 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs101/en/index.html https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pntd.0005192 http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/69485/1/WHO_CDS_NTD_2006.4_eng.pdf http://southasia.oneworld.net/Article/laws-in-india-criminalise-leprosy {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229095331/http://southasia.oneworld.net/Article/laws-in-india-criminalise-leprosy |date=2012-02-29 }} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs101/en/index.html http://southasia.oneworld.net/Article/laws-in-india-criminalise-leprosy {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229095331/http://southasia.oneworld.net/Article/laws-in-india-criminalise-leprosy |date=2012-02-29 }} http://www.anandwan.in/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231064857/http://www.anandwan.in/ |date=2014-12-31 }} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟ. ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱒᱐᱑᱘]] 4pp14o3spt6snww6yhbrrm7q8i3sno5 0 3281 193038 65373 2026-06-20T13:11:17Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193038 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] --> | name = ᱭᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ | image = | imagesize = | caption = | pseudonym = | birth_name = ᱭᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ (᱒᱔. ᱗. ᱑᱙᱖᱔) | birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1964}} | birth_place = ᱡᱩᱢᱟᱞ, ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭᱠᱮᱞᱟ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ | nationality = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | period = | genre = | subject = | movement = | notableworks = | spouse = | partner = ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ | children = ᱚᱨᱪᱚᱱᱟ, ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱱᱟ, ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢ | relatives = | influences = | influenced = | awards = [[ᱰᱨ. ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱚᱥᱤᱯ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ]] (᱒᱐᱐᱙),<br /> [[ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱥᱠᱩ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ]] (᱒᱐᱑᱗) | signature = | website = | portaldisp = }} '''ᱭᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ : ᱒᱔ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱖᱔)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.allindiaaseca.org/books/yashoda-murmu.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2019-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702033721/http://www.allindiaaseca.org/books/yashoda-murmu.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ (Translator) ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ-ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ== ᱭᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱠᱷᱳᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ), ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱡᱩᱢᱟᱞ (ᱡᱷᱩᱢᱟᱹᱲ) ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱒᱔ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤ== ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱢᱚ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱚᱦᱟ, ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱞ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱥᱴᱤ-ᱡᱟᱵᱷᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱞᱥ ᱦᱟᱭᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ, ᱪᱟᱺᱭᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱵᱟᱹᱠᱷᱳᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱑᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ N.D. Rungta Girl's High School, Chakulia ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱑ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱭᱚ ᱠᱚᱱᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱰᱢᱤᱥᱳᱱ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱠᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱮᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ clerk-cum-cashier ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱽ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ, ᱡᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱯᱚᱭᱮᱸᱴᱢᱮᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ IA ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ BA ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ LBSM ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱰᱤ, ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱧᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱚᱨ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱧᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱨᱟᱧᱪᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱨᱟᱡᱩᱣᱮᱥᱳᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱥᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱳᱥᱴ ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱳᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱳᱥᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱳᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ== ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱑᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱳᱱ - ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ - ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ - ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱡᱤᱛᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ All India Radio ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱪᱚᱱᱟ, ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱾ ==ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ== ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞ, ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ :-ᱥᱤᱞᱤ, ᱛᱮᱛᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ, ᱦᱚᱞᱚᱝ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ, ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ, ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ, ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ, ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ, ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ, ᱡᱤᱣᱤ, ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨ, ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱤᱯ, ᱟᱹᱝᱠᱩᱨ, ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟ, ᱥᱚᱸᱵᱚᱫᱤᱭᱟ, ᱥᱚᱢᱠᱟᱞᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ, ᱟᱠᱟᱝᱥᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤᱭ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱩᱨᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱥᱵᱟᱬᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱷᱩᱛᱤ, ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱞᱟᱵᱟᱥ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱭᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱮᱰᱵᱟᱭᱤᱡᱚᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱨᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱘-᱒᱐᱑᱒, ᱫᱩᱨᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱥᱵᱟᱬᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱭᱮᱸᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱰᱵᱟᱭᱤᱡᱚᱨᱤ ᱠᱩᱢᱩᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑-᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱡᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱤᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ== ᱭᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤᱭ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ :- * ᱑. ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ - ᱒᱐᱐᱙ * ᱒. ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ - ᱒᱐᱑᱐ * ᱓. ᱜᱩᱲ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ - ᱒᱐᱑᱔ * ᱔. ᱠᱟᱸᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱚᱨᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ - ᱒᱐᱑᱕ (ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ - ᱫᱤᱵᱟᱨ ᱢᱮ ᱮᱠ ᱠᱷᱤᱰᱠᱤ ᱨᱮᱦᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱤ) ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ * ᱕. ᱥᱤᱫᱽ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ - ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ== ᱭᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱺᱦᱤᱨ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ :- * ᱑. ᱰᱨ. ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱚᱥᱤᱯ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ --- ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱫᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱫᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱾ * ᱒. ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱼᱼᱼ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱮᱥᱚᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ, ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱾ * ᱓. ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱥᱠᱩ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ --- ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱾ <ref>https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/news/jamshedpur/story/1077339.html </ref> ==ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ== [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱙]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ.]] isagub04ohka70hj6iuh0lufwa835xw 0 6022 193063 149262 2026-06-20T16:44:34Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | status = LC | status_system = iucn3.1 | status_ref =<ref name=iucn>{{IUCN2008|assessors=Oliver, W. & Leus, K.|year=2008|id=41775|title=Sus scrofa|downloaded=5 अप्रैल 2009}} Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern.</ref> | name = ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ <br /><small> ᱣᱟᱨᱟᱦ Wild Boar</small> | fossil_range = ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ [[:en:Pleistocene|ᱯᱞᱤᱥᱴᱚᱥᱤᱱ ᱱᱟᱝ]] – ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ | image = Wild Boar Habbitat 3.jpg | image_width=250px | regnum = [[ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤ]] | phylum = [[ᱨᱚᱡᱽᱡᱩᱠᱤ]] | classis = [[ᱥᱛᱟᱱᱯᱟᱭᱤ]] | ordo = [[ᱫᱣᱤᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱜᱟᱬ]] | familia = [[:en:Suidae|ᱥᱩᱭᱰᱤ]] | genus = ''[[:en:Pig|ᱥᱩᱥ]]'' | species = '''''S. scrofa''''' | binomial = ''Sus scrofa'' | binomial_authority = [[कार्ल लीनियस|ᱞᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱥ]], १७५८<br />}} '''ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ''' (''Sus scrofa'') ᱥᱮ '''ᱣᱟᱨᱟᱦ''', [[ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ]] ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱠᱚ।<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6978203.stm | title=Pig DNA reveals farming history | publisher=BBC News | first=Liz | last=Seward | date=᱔ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ | accessdate=2008-06-18}}</ref> ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ [[ᱭᱩᱨᱚᱯ]], [[ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ]] ([[ᱩᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]], [[ᱮᱴᱞᱟᱥ ᱯᱚᱨᱣᱟᱛ]]) ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱸᱡ [[ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱤᱸᱰᱚᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱬᱛᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱣᱭᱟᱯᱚᱠ ᱥᱛᱚᱱᱫᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱣᱭᱟᱯᱟᱠ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱣᱟᱨᱫᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱠᱚ᱾‌ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱨᱤᱸᱠᱷᱚᱞᱟ, ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ IUCN ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱽ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱥᱤᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱨᱟᱢᱚᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱸᱵᱷᱣᱛᱟ ᱟᱨᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱤᱥᱴᱚᱥᱤᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱠᱷᱤᱱᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱥᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱤᱰᱤ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ==ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ== •[[ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{reflist}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090927094328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/wildfacts/factfiles/598.shtml BBC profile] 888n5rxfkn94gk7y0u399k23ncbstl7 0 8269 193067 188033 2026-06-20T17:03:42Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ | native_name = {{ublist|item_style=font-size:88%;|{{native name|rn|Repubulika y’u Burundi}} |{{native name|fr|République du Burundi}}}} | common_name = ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ | image_flag = Flag of Burundi.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Burundi.svg | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:Burundi (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Burundi AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | map_caption = | image_map2 = | national_motto = {{unbulleted list |{{native phrase|rn|"Ubumwe, Ibikorwa, Amajambere"|italics=off|nolink=on}}|{{native phrase|fr|"Unité, Travail, Progrès"|italics=off|nolink=on}} |{{native phrase|en|"Union, Work, Progress"|italics=off|nolink=on}} }} | national_anthem = {{native phrase|rn|[[Burundi Bwacu]]|nolink=yes}}<br />{{small|''ᱟᱞᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ''}}<br /> {{center|}} | languages_type = [[ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]ᱠᱚ | languages = [[ᱠᱤᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱤᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ]] (ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ)<br />[[ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ]]<br />[[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] | capital = [[ᱜᱤᱛᱮᱜᱟ]] (ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ) [[ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ]] (ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ){{efn|name=central_cities|While Gitega has been established as the political capital, Bujumbura is still the seat of the government and economic capital.}} | coordinates = {{Coord|3|30|S|30|00|E|type:city}} | largest_city = [[ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ]]{{efn|name=central_cities}} | demonym = ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ | ethnic_groups = {{ublist |85% [[Hutu]] |14% [[Tutsi]] |1% [[Twa]] |~3,000 Europeans |{{nowrap|~2,000 South Asians}}}} | ethnic_groups_year = 2018<ref name="Central Intelligence Agency 2018">{{cite web | title=The World Factbook – Burundi | website=Central Intelligence Agency | date=7 August 2018 | url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burundi/ | access-date=13 August 2018 | df=dmy-all | archive-date=22 January 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122232849/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burundi/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Dominant-party system|dominant-party]] [[Presidential system|presidential]] [[constitutional republic]] | leader_title1 = [[List of Presidents of Burundi|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Évariste Ndayishimiye]] | leader_title2 = [[Vice President of Burundi|Vice President]] | leader_name2 = [[Prosper Bazombanza]] | leader_title3 = [[Prime Minister of Burundi|Prime Minister]] | leader_name3 = [[Alain-Guillaume Bunyoni]] | leader_title4 = [[Supreme Court of Burundi|Chief Justice]] | leader_name4 = Emmanuel Gateretse <ref>https://www.presidence.gov.bi/2019/10/31/decret-n100158-du-28-octobre-2019-portant-nomination-des-magistrats-de-la-cour-supreme/</ref> | legislature = [[Parliament of Burundi|Parliament]] | upper_house = [[Senate (Burundi)|Senate]] | lower_house = [[National Assembly (Burundi)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[History of Burundi|Establishment history]] | established_event1 = [[Kingdom of Burundi|Kingdom]]<ref name="auto"/> | established_date1 = 1680 | established_event2 = Part of [[Ruanda-Urundi]]<br />{{small|([[United Nations trust territories|UN trust territory]])}} | established_date2 = 1945–1962 | established_event3 = Independence from Belgium | established_date3 = 1 July 1962 | established_event4 = Republic | established_date4 = 28 November 1966 | established_event5 = [[Constitution of Burundi]] | established_date5 = 28 February 2005 | area_km2 = 27,834 | area_rank = 142nd | area_sq_mi = | area_footnote = <ref name=ISTEEBU>{{cite web |url=http://www.isteebu.bi/index.php/economie-en-bref |title=Quelques données pour le Burundi |language=fr |publisher=ISTEEBU |access-date=17 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728161954/http://isteebu.bi/index.php/economie-en-bref |archive-date=28 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | percent_water = 10<ref>{{Cite report |date=July 2015 |title=Annuaire statistique du Burundi |language=fr |url=http://www.isteebu.bi/images/annuaires/annuaire%202013%20pdf%20fin.pdf |publisher=ISTEEBU |page=105 |access-date=17 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160607125402/http://www.isteebu.bi/images/annuaires/annuaire%202013%20pdf%20fin.pdf |archive-date=7 June 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | population_estimate = 11,865,821<ref name="cia">[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burundi/ CIA – The World Factbook – Burundi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122232849/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burundi/ |date=2021-01-22 }} [[CIA]]. Retrieved 8 June 2008.</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2020 | population_estimate_rank = 77th | population_census = 8,053,574<ref name=ISTEEBU/> | population_census_year = 2008 | population_density_km2 = 401.6 | population_density_sq_mi = | population_density_rank = 20th | GDP_PPP_year = 2019 | GDP_PPP = $8.380 billion | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $727<ref name="imf.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=60&pr.y=2&sy=2019&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=618&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects : Burundi|work=International Monetary Fund|access-date=20 February 2020}}</ref> | GDP_nominal = $3.573 billion | GDP_nominal_year = 2019 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $310<ref name="imf.org"/> | Gini_year = 2013 | Gini_change = Decrease | Gini = 39.2 <!--number only--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url= http://databank.worldbank.org/data/views/reports/tableview.aspx |title= Gini Index, World Bank Estimate |work= World Development Indicators |publisher= The World Bank |access-date= 13 January 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150626193432/http://databank.worldbank.org/data/views/reports/tableview.aspx |archive-date= 26 June 2015 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all }}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI = 0.433 <!--number only--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 185th | currency = [[Burundian franc]] (FBu) | currency_code = BIF | time_zone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]] | utc_offset = +2 | drives_on = right | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | calling_code = [[+257]] | cctld = [[.bi]] | footnote_a = | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |91.5% [[Christianity]] |—65.3% [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] |—26.2% Other [[List of Christian denominations|Christian]] |5.5% [[African Traditional Religion|Traditional faiths]] |2.1% [[Islam in Burundi|Islam]] |0.2% Others/None }} | religion_year = 2015 | religion_ref =<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/burundi/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=11&affiliations_year=2010|title=Religions in Burundi &#124; PEW-GRF|website=www.globalreligiousfutures.org|access-date=2021-11-09|archive-date=2017-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204222921/http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/burundi/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=11&affiliations_year=2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> | today = }} '''ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ''' ([[ᱠᱤᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱤᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ]]: Repubulika y’Uburundi, [[ᱥᱳᱭᱟᱦᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱳᱭᱟᱦᱤᱞᱤ]]: Jamuhuri ya Burundi, [[ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ]]: République du Burundi) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ [[ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠ]] ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴ ᱨᱤᱯᱷᱴ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱛᱼᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱱᱰᱟ]], ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ [[ᱛᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ [[ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱᱛᱨᱤᱠ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱴᱟᱝᱜᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱦᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱜᱤᱛᱮᱜᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ]], ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ==ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ== ==ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ== ==ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ== ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Sister project links|voy=Burundi|ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ}} {{Scholia|country}} * Records of [https://search.archives.un.org/united-nations-international-commission-of-inquiry-for-burundi-unicib-1995-1996 the United Nations International Commission of Inquiry for Burundi (UNICIB) (1995-1996)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808155412/https://search.archives.un.org/united-nations-international-commission-of-inquiry-for-burundi-unicib-1995-1996 |date=2023-08-08 }} at the United Nations Archives *(ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱛᱮ) [http://www.burundi.gov.bi/ Official Burundi government website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420053748/http://www.burundi.gov.bi/ |date=2018-04-20 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121204213713/http://justice.gov.bi/ Official Website of the Ministry of Justice of Burundi] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110813050117/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-b/burundi.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] * [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burundi/ Burundi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122232849/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burundi/ |date=2021-01-22 }}. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090523153822/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/burundi.htm Burundi] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{curlie|Regional/Africa/Burundi}} * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13085064 Burundi] from the [[BBC News]] * {{Wikiatlas|Burundi}} * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=BI Key Development Forecasts for Burundi] from [[International Futures]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ== dwi5ipj99pq04czjeezwg4etpjpmatw 0 8956 193044 185950 2026-06-20T14:12:18Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox dancer | birth_name = ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱢᱟ | name = ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱥᱣᱟᱛ | image = Acharya pratishtha.jpg | caption = ᱟᱪᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱴᱷᱟ ᱴᱤᱪᱤᱝ ᱭᱚᱜᱟ | nationality = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | birth_date = <!-- {{birth date and age|df=yes|yyyy|mm|dd}} or {{birth date|df=yes|yyyy|mm|dd}} --> | birth_place = | death_date = <!-- {{death date and age|df=yes|deathyear|mm|dd|birthyear|mm|dd}} --> | death_place = | occupation = Classical dancer, yoga teacher | dances = [[ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ]] | website = }} '''ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱢᱟ''', '''ᱟᱪᱟᱨᱭ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱴᱷᱟ''' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱤᱜ,<ref name="Kathak dancer enthralls audience">{{cite news |title=Kathak dancer enthralls audience |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1281132031.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924202759/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1281132031.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 September 2015 |accessdate=15 January 2013 |newspaper=Hindustan Times |date=1 June 2007}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱭᱚᱜᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱷᱟᱨᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱳᱨᱢᱤᱝ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ (founder) ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ== ᱥᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱭᱚᱜᱽ ᱪᱷᱟᱨᱟᱹᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱟᱯᱴᱮ ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱭᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱤ ᱱᱮᱴᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱒ ᱚᱠᱴᱳᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱟ "ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱭᱚᱣᱟ ᱭᱚᱜᱟᱪᱟᱨᱭ" ᱟᱨ "ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱸᱰ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱮᱯᱤᱥᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱭᱚᱜᱽ ᱫᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣ ''ᱡᱟᱜᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱭ ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱭᱟᱜᱽ ᱟᱱᱰᱚᱞᱟᱱ'' [[ᱡᱤ ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱚᱬ]] ᱪᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱬᱴᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱡᱷᱤᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱭᱤᱥᱤᱥᱤ (ICC) ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱱᱥᱵᱟᱨᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱴᱮᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ "ᱭᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ" ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱵᱣᱟᱴᱤᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱᱴ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ''Incredible India'' ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱭᱚᱜᱽ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name="ArtScape biography" /><ref name="IK Acharya Pratishtha biography" />ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱚᱸᱜᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, <ref name=gajani>{{cite web | url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2005/09/30/stories/2005093002410200.htm | title=Entertainment Delhi\Dance: Curtains up | publisher=[[The Hindu]] | date=30 September 2005 | accessdate=15 January 2013 |quote=With her electric freezes on sama and smiling ease while performing, talented Pratishtha Sharma, trained under Guru Rajendra Gangani, with the innovative flair for trying out her own thematic numbers, needs to bring in a quality of response into her presentation, which now has a `bedam' breathless quality of unceasing speed giving the viewer a brain fag.}}</ref>ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱡᱚᱭᱠᱤᱥᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱽ, ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱤᱛᱟᱝᱡᱚᱞᱤ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱾ <ref name="ArtScape biography">{{cite web |title=ArtScape biography |url=http://www.artindia.net/pratishtha.html |accessdate=15 January 2013 |archive-date=17 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117192218/http://www.artindia.net/pratishtha.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="IK Acharya Pratishtha biography">{{cite web |title=Acharya Pratishtha biography |url=http://www.indiankalakar.com/artistdetails.php?artid=136|publisher=Indian Kalakar |accessdate=15 January 2013}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱖᱐᱐᱐ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱪᱟᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱵᱷᱤ. ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱮᱨᱟᱠ ᱯᱨᱟᱥᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱼ ᱭᱟᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, ᱢᱩᱱᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱼ ᱥᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱰᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱰᱟᱞ ᱼ ᱨᱤᱥᱤᱠᱮᱥ, ᱥᱤᱮᱥᱠᱮᱮᱢ ᱼ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱼ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱣᱚᱞ (ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ), ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱮᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱼ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ "ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱕" ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱫᱟᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱚᱜᱽᱨᱚᱬ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱨᱮᱥᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱚᱦᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱬᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱾ <ref name=" Danik jagram site ">{{cite web |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/saharanpur-12699144.html |date=5 August 2015 |title= Acharya Pratishtha honored for her contribution in field of culture, yoga |publisher=Danik Jagran news paper |accessdate=2 April 2019}}</ref>ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱯᱴᱟᱦ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱟᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱚᱬ "ᱥᱚᱸᱜᱤᱱᱤ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱢᱢᱟᱱ" ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱖ ᱚᱠᱴᱳᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱢᱚᱨ ᱩᱡᱟᱞᱟ "ᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱢᱢᱟᱱ" ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾<ref>In News Paper Amar Ujala for Nari Shakti award/http://epaper.amarujala.com/sc/20161007/06.html?format=img</ref><ref>hindustan front page news about honor/http://epaper.livehindustan.com/story.aspx?id=478281&boxid=104152632&ed_date=2015-08-06&ed_code=49&ed_page=1</ref><ref>news about honor announcement in hindustan times/http://epaper.livehindustan.com/story.aspx?id=476891&boxid=98137504&ed_date=2015-08-05&ed_code=49&ed_page=6 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013144105/http://epaper.livehindustan.com/story.aspx?id=476891&boxid=98137504&ed_date=2015-08-05&ed_code=49&ed_page=6 |date=2016-10-13 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://epaper.jagran.com/mpaper/09-mar-2016-32-edition-sharanpur-page-6.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2020-03-28 |archive-date=2016-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013144226/http://epaper.jagran.com/mpaper/09-mar-2016-32-edition-sharanpur-page-6.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{reflist|30em}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== * [http://acharyapratishtha.in/main.php Acharya pratishtha website] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20140331222049/http://acharyapratishtha.in/main.php |date=2014-03-31 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sharma, Pratishtha, pratishtha saraswat, aacharya pratishtha}} [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Kathak exponents]] [[Category:Indian female classical dancers]] [[Category:Performers of Indian classical dance]] [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]] rzhbj821un9klfl2wwe7q9lat7x7m7h 0 9934 193047 131910 2026-06-20T14:47:29Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193047 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟ''' ([[ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ]]; Guyane) [[ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ [[ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ]] ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ [[ᱵᱨᱟᱡᱤᱞ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ {{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| official_name = ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟ | native_name = Département de la Guyane | native_name_lang = fr | settlement_type = [[Overseas region|Overseas region and department]] | image_skyline = Ilet la Mère eastern shore 2013.jpg | image_caption = Ilet la Mère | image_flag = Flag of France.svg | flag_size = 120px | image_shield = Coat of arms of French Guyana.svg | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = French Guiana in France 2016.svg | map_caption = | motto = | coordinates = {{Coord|4|N|53|W|type:adm1st_region:GF|display=ti}} | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = {{flagu|ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥ}} | seat_type = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ | seat = [[ᱠᱟᱭᱮᱱ]] | parts_type = [[Departments of France|Departments]] | parts_style = list | parts = | leader_party = [[Guianese Socialist Party|PSG]] | leader_title = [[Presidents of the Regional Council of French Guiana|President of the Assembly]] | leader_name = ᱨᱳᱫᱳᱞᱯᱷᱮ ᱟᱞᱮᱠᱥᱡᱮᱫᱟᱨ | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = ᱘᱓,᱕᱓᱔ | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_rank = | population_footnotes = <ref name=pop>{{cite web| url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/1893198/estim-pop-nreg-sexe-gca-1975-2020.xls | title=Estimation de population par région, sexe et grande classe d'âge – Années 1975 à 2020| author=[[INSEE]]| accessdate=2020-02-21|language=fr}}</ref> | population_total = 290691 | population_as_of = ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱱ | timezone1 = GFT | utc_offset1 = −03:00 | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | blank_name_sec1 = [[Gross domestic product|GDP]]&nbsp;(2017)<ref name="GDP">{{cite web | url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=nama_10r_2gdp&lang=en | title=Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 2 regions | publisher=[[Eurostat]]|accessdate=2019-04-08}}</ref> | blank_info_sec1 = [[List of French regions and overseas collectivities by GDP|Ranked 17th]] | blank1_name_sec1 = Total | blank1_info_sec1 = €4.6 billion (US$5.2 bn) | blank2_name_sec1 = Per capita | blank2_info_sec1 = €16,200 (US$18,300) | blank_name_sec2 = [[First level NUTS of the European Union#France|NUTS Region]] | blank_info_sec2 = FRA | website = [https://www.ctguyane.fr/ Territorial Collectivity]<br> [http://www.guyane.pref.gouv.fr/ Prefecture] | iso_code = {{hlist|[[ISO 3166-2:GF|GF]]|[[ISO 3166-2:FR|FR-GF]]}} | footnotes = | name = }} ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== * [https://www.worldover.com/vital/french_guiana.html Worldover.com: French Guiana]{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070405215304/http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1117.html Consular Information Sheet] from the [[United States Department of State]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070315221027/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=French%20Guiana Ethnologue French Guiana page] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070426065007/http://kourou.cirad.fr/ Silvolab Guyanae – scientific interest group in French Guiana] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120322051928/http://www.luxner.com/cgi-bin/view_article.cgi?articleID=661 Article on separatism in French Guiana] * [http://rainforests.mongabay.com/20frenchg.htm Status of Forests in French Guiana] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120922204658/http://www.infos-guyane.com/documents/english/ Officials reports, thesis, scientific papers about French Guiana (en|fr)] * [http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/12/01/europe/01legion.php Training legionnaires to fight in French Guiana] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070206024746/http://www.cayenne.ird.fr/aublet2/aublet2_uk.php3 The IRD's database AUBLET2 stores information about botanical specimens collected in the Guianas, mainly in French Guiana] * James Rogers and Luis Simón. [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2004_2009/documents/dv/sede300309studype407004_/SEDE300309StudyPE407004_en.pdf The Status and Location of the Military Installations of the Member States of the European Union and Their Potential Role for the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP).] Brussels: European Parliament, 2009. 25&nbsp;pp. ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]] s4ikin2zi7nz3f073mue1fmybvm3nxu 0 13252 193050 192706 2026-06-20T15:11:00Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193050 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱳ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱒᱐᱒᱐}} {{For|the de facto independent state formerly named Nagorno-Karabakh Republic|ᱟᱨᱴᱥᱟᱠᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ}} {{Infobox country <!----Non-political information----> |conventional_long_name = ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ<br/>{{smaller|(ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱷ)}}, |native_name = ᱟᱨᱴᱥᱟᱠᱷ (Արցախ) {{unbulleted list | <hr/>{{native name|hy|Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ|italics=off|translit=Leṙnayin Ġarabaġ}}<br/>{{smaller|[[:en:Romanization of Armenian|''Leṙnayin Ġarabaġ'']]}} | <hr/>{{native name|az|Dağlıq Qarabağ{{\}}Yuxarı Qarabağ}} | <hr/>{{native name|ru|Нагорный Карабах|italics=off}}<br/>{{smaller|[[:en:Romanization of Russian|''Nagorny Karabakh'']]}} }} |common_name = ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ<!--Commented out the following as this parameter used to create links: or Upper Karabakh--> |image_map = Location Nagorno-Karabakh2.png |map_caption = ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱶᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ [[:en:Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast|ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱥᱟᱭᱚᱛᱛᱚᱥᱟᱥᱤᱛᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] (ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱚᱝ). |area_rank = |area_magnitude = |area_km2 = ᱔,᱔᱐᱐ |area_sq_mi = ᱑,᱗᱐᱐ |percent_water = ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ |population_estimate = ᱑᱔᱖,᱕᱗᱓<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gov.nkr.am/en/regions/ |title=Population of NKR as of 01.01.2013 |publisher=NKR |date=1 January 2013 |accessdate=20 February 2014 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225082123/http://gov.nkr.am/en/regions/%20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |population_census = ᱑᱔᱑,᱔᱐᱐<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.president.nkr.am/en/nkr/statePower/ |title=Official Statistics of the NKR. Official site of the President of the NKR |publisher=President.nkr.am |date=1 January 2010 |accessdate=6 May 2012}}</ref> |religion = |population_estimate_rank = |population_estimate_year = 2013 |population_census_year = 2010 |population_density_km2 = ᱒᱙ |population_density_sq_mi = 43 |population_density_rank = |time_zone = |utc_offset = +4 |time_zone_DST = +5 |utc_offset_DST = |drives_on = |coordinates = {{coord|39|48|55|N|46|45|7|E|region:{{xb|NKR}}|display=inline,title}} }} '''ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ''' ([[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]: Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ; [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱᱤ]]: Dağlıq Qarabağ; [[ᱨᱩᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]: Нагорный Карабах) [[ᱟᱨᱴᱥᱟᱠᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ|ᱟᱨᱴᱥᱟᱠᱷ]] ([[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]: Արցախ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱠᱮᱥᱟᱥ|ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱚᱠᱮᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱛᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱷ]] ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱢᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱷ ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱩᱭᱱᱤᱠᱷ]], ᱟᱨ [[:en:Lesser Caucasus|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱠᱮᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ-ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱪ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[:en:Territorial dispute|ᱨᱮᱯᱮᱪ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.un.org/press/en/2008/ga10693.doc.htm|title=General Assembly adopts resolution reaffirming territorial integrity of Azerbaijan, demanding withdrawal of all Armenian forces|Publisher=United Nations| date=14 March 2008| Collection-date =30 Aug 2015}}</ref>, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳᱼᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ|ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱟᱨᱴᱥᱟᱠᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ]] (ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ''ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ'' (NKP)) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱬᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ (representatives) ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱯᱮᱪ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡ [[:en:OSCE Minsk Group|ᱳᱮᱥᱥᱤᱤ ᱢᱤᱱᱥᱠ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ== ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== [[File:Sarsang reservoir P1090881.JPG|thumb|left|ᱥᱟᱨᱥᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱲᱦᱟ]] [[File:«Լևի» կիրճ02.JPG|thumb|ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨ-ᱵᱩᱨᱩ]] ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱜᱩᱴ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔,᱔᱐᱐ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ (᱑,᱖᱙᱙ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱨᱫᱷᱮᱠ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱙᱕᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱓,᱑᱒᱐ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱢᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮ [[:en:Murovdağ|ᱢᱩᱨᱳᱵᱷᱰᱟᱜ]], ᱥᱩᱥᱟ ᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱫᱽᱨᱩᱫ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱟᱥ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ-ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱵᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ== ==ᱦᱮᱡᱽᱥᱮᱱ== ==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== * [[᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ]] * [[ᱟᱨᱴᱥᱟᱠᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ]] * [[ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳ-ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ]] ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{sisterlinks}} * [http://www.artsakh.org.uk/ Articles and Photography on Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) from UK Photojournalist Russell Pollard] * [https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/eur/rls/or/13508.htm All UN Security Council resolutions on Nagorno-Karabakh, courtesy U.S. State department] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7705067.stm Nagorno-Karabakh Agreement of 2 November 2008] and [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/3658938.stm country profile] from [[BBC News Online]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516114757/http://www.russiaprofile.org/international/2006/12/12/4879.wbp Article on the 10 December Referendum from Russia Profile] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120716200458/http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/WorkingDocs/doc04/EDOC10364.htm The conflict over the Nagorno-Karabakh region dealt with by the OSCE Minsk Conference] — Report by rapporteur David Atkinson presented to Political Affairs Committee of the [[Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120319152630/http://www.c-r.org/our-work/accord/nagorny-karabakh/contents.php Conciliation Resources – Accord issue: ''The limits of leadership – Elites and societies in the Nagorny Karabakh peace process''] also key texts & agreements and chronology (in English & Russian) * [http://www.turkishweekly.net/comments.php?id=2886 Independence of Kosovo and the Nagorno-Karabakh Issue] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303202450/http://www.turkishweekly.net/comments.php?id=2886 |date=2016-03-03 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110707162518/http://www.armenianreporteronline.com/old/27072002/br-dewaal.htm Interview with Thomas De Waal] * [http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/02/908366e9-f535-4958-9383-09f351a1ef0c.html Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty. Nagorno-Karabakh: Timeline Of The Long Road To Peace] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613094730/http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/02/908366e9-f535-4958-9383-09f351a1ef0c.html |date=2008-06-13 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130308110715/http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/AdoptedText/TA05/ERES1416.htm Resolution #1416] from the [[Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081015182856/http://www.usip.org/pubs/peaceworks/pwks25/keypts25.html USIP — Nagorno-Karabakh Searching for a Solution: Key points], by Patricia Carley, Publication of the [[United States Institute of Peace]] (USIP) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081201052200/http://www.usip.org/pubs/peaceworks/pwks19/chap3_19.html USIP — Sovereignty after Empire Self-Determination Movements in the Former Soviet Union. Case Studies: Nagorno-Karabakh.] by [[Galina Starovoitova]], Publication of the [[United States Institute of Peace]] (USIP) * [http://randbild.photoshelter.com/gallery/Nagorny-Karabakh/G0000IcL2yr1SqRw/ Photo Series] Nagorno-Karabakh 2008–2011 – daily life, front line, mine clearance, culture, religion. [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱨᱮᱯᱮᱪ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱠᱚᱠᱮᱥᱟᱥ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== jevsx3s6nk265do0b2fm4d3drjhpgyq 0 13678 193055 68692 2026-06-20T15:35:42Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193055 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name= ᱱᱮᱯᱳᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ |nativename={{lang-nap|napulitano|italics=none|label=none}} |altname= |states=[[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ]] |region=[[ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱩᱡᱽᱡᱳ]], [[ᱟᱯᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱵᱟᱥᱤᱞᱤᱠᱟᱴᱟ]], [[ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱵᱽᱨᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱠᱟᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱞᱟᱡᱤᱭᱳ]], [[ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮ]], [[ᱢᱳᱞᱤᱥᱮ]] |speakers=᱕.᱗ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (᱒᱐᱐᱒) |date= |ref=e18 |familycolor=[[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] |fam2=[[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱠ]] |fam3=[[ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ]] |fam4=[[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱳᱼᱰᱟᱞᱢᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱳᱼᱰᱟᱞᱢᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] |iso2=nap |iso3=nap |glotto=neap1235 |glottorefname=Continental Southern Italian |glottoname=Continental Southern Italian |glotto2=sout3126 |glottorefname2=South Lucanian |glottoname2=South Lucanian = <code>(Vd)</code> Lausberg |map=Neapolitan_languages-it.svg |mapcaption=ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ |map2=Lenguas centromeridionales.png |mapcaption2 = ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟᱼᱠᱚᱧᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱮᱯᱳᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ {{col-begin}} {{legend|#34DA2C|ᱛᱩᱥᱠᱟᱱ}} {{legend|#019FFE|ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ}} {{legend|#A349A4|ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ (Intermediate) ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ (ᱱᱮᱯᱳᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ)}} {{legend|#FEA327|ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ|}} {{col-end}} }} '''ᱱᱮᱯᱳᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ''' ([[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]: napoletano) ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱳᱼᱰᱟᱞᱢᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱳᱼᱰᱟᱞᱢᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ [[ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱵᱽᱨᱤᱭᱟ]], ᱠᱚᱧᱮ [[ᱟᱯᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱤᱥᱤᱞ]] ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ<ref>{{cite book|last=Minahan|first=James|author-link=James Minahan|title=Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: L-R|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u9Lq_8Ozf5cC&pg=PA1348|year=2002|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-32111-5|page=1348}}</ref><ref>[http://taban.canalblog.com/archives/2007/03/09/4262440.html J.-P. Cavaillé; Le napolitain : une langue majoritaire minorée. 09 mars 2007.]</ref><ref name=GuardianDatasets>[https://www.google.com/fusiontables/DataSource?docid=1GAkxun5pU_HJOyuh6oBbvI535IoORBVEsOB8Vzw#rows:id=1 The Guardian for the list of languages in the Unesco site.]</ref> ᱾ ᱟᱨ [[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ|ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ([[:en:Marche|ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[:en:Province of Ascoli Piceno|ᱮᱥᱠᱳᱞᱤ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ [[:en:Kingdom of Naples|ᱱᱮᱯᱚᱞᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱳᱞᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ== ==ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ== ==ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ== ==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== *[[ᱥᱤᱥᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{InterWiki|code=nap}} {{sisterlinks|d=Q33845|wikt=Neapolitan|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|species=no|q=no|n=no|v=no|b=Neapolitan|s=no}} *[http://www.napoli.com/viewarticolo.php?articolo=34942 Neapolitan recognized by UNESCO (in Italian)] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080621074948/http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/translation/Neapolitan/ Websters Online Dictionary Neapolitan–English] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20051107211735/http://www.italica.rai.it/principali/lingua/bruni/mappe/mappe/f_dialetti.htm Interactive Map of languages in Italy] *[http://www.sorrentoradio.com/ Neapolitan on-line radio station] *[[wikt:it:Categoria:Parole in napoletano|Neapolitan glossary on Wiktionary]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20011006092632/http://www.lastoriadinapoli.it/vocab.asp Italian-Neapolitan searchable online dictionary] *[http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100\ier\rom&first=0 Neapolitan basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20200601111645/https://www.torreomnia.com/Testi/argenziano/dizionario/presentazione.htm Grammar primer and extensive vocabulary for the Neapolitan dialect of Torre del Greco] *[http://www.napoletanita.it/ Neapolitan language and culture (in Italian)] *[http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/16 Prosodic detail in Neapolitan Italian. By Francesco Cangemi. Berlin: Language Science Press. 187pp. Free download] *[http://www.napolitoday.it/eventi/consegnato-primo-certificato-europeo-lingua-napoletana.html] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== im5owxby7v6flwwa6c7yzvkniegprag 0 13764 193045 184425 2026-06-20T14:39:11Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193045 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ |image=Fiji Hindi in Latin, Devanagari, Kathi and Nastaliq.svg |imagecaption='ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱦᱤᱱᱰᱤ' ᱫᱚ [[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ|ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ]], [[ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤ]], [[ᱟᱨᱟᱵᱤᱠ ᱞᱤᱯ|ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱚ-ᱟᱨᱟᱵᱤᱠ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤ]] ᱞᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ |nativename= {{lang|hif|फ़िजी हिंदी}} {{small|{{small|{{small|([[ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤ]])}}}}}}<br>𑂣𑂺𑂱𑂔𑂲⸱𑂯𑂱𑂁𑂠𑂲 {{small|{{small|{{small|([[ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ|ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤ]])}}}}}}<br>''Fiji Baat'' |states=[[ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ]] |ethnicity= [[:en:Indo-Fijians|ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[:en:Fijian Indian diaspora|Indo-Fijian diaspora]] |speakers= ᱔᱖᱐,᱐᱐᱐ (᱑᱙᱙᱑) |date= |ref=e18 |familycolor=[[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] |fam2=[[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] |fam3=[[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ]] |fam4=[[ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] & [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ]] |fam5=[[ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]] & [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ]] |fam6=[[ᱚᱵᱚᱫᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱚᱵᱚᱫᱷᱤ]] & [[ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ]] |script={{unbulleted list |[[ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤ]] |[[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ|ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ]] |[[ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤ]] }} |nation=[[File:Flag of Fiji.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ]] |iso3=hif |notice=Indo-Aryan |sign=[[:en:Indian Signing System|Signed Hindi]] |glotto=fiji1242 |glottorefname=Fiji Hindi }} '''ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ''' (ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ: फ़िजी हिंदी) ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ [[:en:Indo-Fijians|ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ]] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱚᱵᱚᱫᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱚᱵᱷᱚᱫᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ==ᱢᱟᱹᱱ== ==ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ== ==ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ== ==ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ== {| class="wikitable" border="1" !ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟ ! ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ!!ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ!!ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ |- |᱒᱑ |twenty-one||{{Lang|hi|इक्कीस}} ({{IAST|ikkīs}})||bis aur ek |- |᱒᱒ |twenty-two||{{Lang|hi|बाईस}} ({{IAST|bāīs}})||bis aur dui |- |᱒᱓ |twenty-three||{{Lang|hi|तेईस}} ({{IAST|teīs}})||bis aur teen |- |᱓᱑ |thirty-one||{{Lang|hi|इकत्तीस}} ({{IAST|ikattīs}})||tiis aur ek |- |᱓᱒ |thirty-two||{{Lang|hi|बत्तीस}} ({{IAST|battīs}})||tiis aur dui |- |᱓᱓ |thirty-three||{{Lang|hi|तैंतीस}} ({{IAST|taintīs}})||tiis aur teen |- |᱔᱑ |forty-one||{{Lang|hi|इकतालीस}} ({{IAST|iktālīs}})||chaalis aur ek |- |᱔᱒ |forty-two||{{Lang|hi|बयालीस}} ({{IAST|bayālīs}})||chaalis aur dui |- |᱔᱓ |forty-three||{{Lang|hi|तैंतालीस}} ({{IAST|taintālīs}})||chaalis aur teen |- |} ==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{InterWiki|code=hif}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080308065956/http://www.geocities.com/fijihindi/FijiHindiEnglishDict.htm Fijian Hindi Dictionary] * [http://www.sidsnet.org/pacific/usp/journ/docs/news/wansolnews/wansol0711011.html The first novel written in Fijian Hindi] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20070927015408/http://www.sidsnet.org/pacific/usp/journ/docs/news/wansolnews/wansol0711011.html archive link]) * [http://www.biblesociety.org/wr_370/370_04.htm Fijian Hindi version of the Gospels and Romans] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080218032929/http://www.adhurasapna.com/ Adhura Sapna - Movie in Fijian Hindi] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090704134049/http://www.gharpardes.com/ Ghar Pardes - Another movie in Fijian Hindi, 2009] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WA2qgwUK5VY&NR=1 Trailer of Ghar Pardes] * [http://hi.wiktionary.org/wiki/Fiji_Hindi_to_Hindi_Dictionary Fijian Hindi-to-Hindi Dictionary] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110822212634/http://myfijiguide.com/about-fiji/local-languages/popular-hindi-phrases.aspx MyFijiGuide.com] * [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Index:Fiji_Hindi Fijian Hindi words on Wiktionary] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121029135122/http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?ref=archive&id=168939 Texan talks the talk (archived)] *[[iarchive:fiji-hindi-a-basic-course-and-reference-grammar-by-rodney-f.-moag-z-lib.org|Fiji Hindi: A basic course and reference grammar.]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== annnfqbvldb35ohtrpoz2953pfrxm97 0 13835 193041 161885 2026-06-20T13:31:20Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name=ᱮᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ |nativename=эрзянь кель |altname=erzänj këlj |states=[[ᱮᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ]] |region=[[ᱢᱳᱨᱰᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱱᱤᱡᱽᱱᱤ ᱱᱳᱵᱷᱜᱽᱨᱳᱫ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱱᱤᱡᱽᱱᱤ ᱱᱳᱵᱷᱜᱽᱨᱳᱫ]], [[ᱪᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱥᱠ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱥᱠ]], [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱨᱟ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱨᱟ]], [[ᱯᱮᱱᱡᱟ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱯᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱛᱳᱵᱷ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱛᱳᱵᱷ]], [[ᱳᱨᱮᱱᱵᱩᱨᱜᱽ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱳᱨᱮᱱᱵᱩᱨᱜᱽ]], [[ᱛᱟᱛᱟᱨᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]], [[ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱳᱨᱛᱳᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] |speakers={{sigfig|431692|2}} ᱢᱳᱨᱰᱳᱵᱷᱤᱱ (᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ) |ref=<ref>{{Cite web|url=[http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol4/pub-04-05.pdf Перепись-2010]|title=Population of the Russian Federation by Languages (in Russian)|website=gks.ru|publisher=Russian Bureau of Statistics|access-date=1 November 2017}}</ref> |date= |speakers2=᱑᱙᱒᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱒/᱓ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱳᱨᱰᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ<ref>Jack Rueter (2013) [https://journals.openedition.org/efo/1829 The Erzya Language. Where is it spoken?] ''Études finno-ougriennes'' 45</ref> |familycolor=Uralic |fam1=[[ᱤᱣᱨᱟᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱣᱨᱟᱞᱤᱠ]] |fam2=[[ᱢᱳᱨᱰᱵᱷᱤᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱢᱳᱨᱰᱵᱷᱤᱱᱤᱠ]] |nation= [[ᱢᱳᱨᱰᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟ]] (ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ) |iso2=myv |iso3=myv |glotto=erzy1239 |glottorefname=Erzya |script=[[ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ|ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ]] |notice=IPA }} '''ᱮᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ''' (ᱮᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ: эрзянь кель, {{IPA-all|ˈerʲzʲanʲ ˈkelʲ|pron}}) ᱥᱮ '''ᱮᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟᱱ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱳᱨᱰᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱤᱣᱨᱟᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱣᱨᱟᱞᱤᱠ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱳᱨᱰᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ [[ᱱᱤᱡᱽᱱᱤ ᱱᱳᱵᱷᱜᱽᱨᱳᱫ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱱᱤᱡᱽᱱᱤ ᱱᱳᱵᱷᱜᱽᱨᱳᱫ]], [[ᱪᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱯᱮᱱᱡᱟ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱯᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱨᱟ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱨᱟ]], [[ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱛᱳᱵᱷ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱛᱳᱵᱷ]], [[ᱳᱨᱮᱱᱵᱩᱨᱜᱽ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱳᱨᱮᱱᱵᱩᱨᱜᱽ]], [[ᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱥᱠ ᱚᱵᱽᱞᱟᱥᱛ|ᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱥᱠ]], [[ᱛᱟᱛᱟᱨᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱳᱨᱛᱳᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ [[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱮᱥᱛᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ [[ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱩᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] [[ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]] ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱳᱨᱰᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱩᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱳᱠᱥᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ== ==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== *{{Commons category inline}} {{InterWiki|code=myv}} *Finno-Ugric Electronic Library by the Finno-Ugric Information Center in [[Syktyvkar]], [[Komi Republic]] (interface in Russian and English, texts in [[Mari language|Mari]], [[Komi language|Komi]], [[Udmurt language|Udmurt]], Erzya and [[Moksha language|Moksha]] languages): [https://web.archive.org/web/20051018190124/http://library.finugor.ru/] *[http://www.erzia.saransk.ru/ Erzjanj Mastor]&nbsp;– The society for preserving the Erzya language (in Erzya and Russian) * https://web.archive.org/web/20061029185215/http://www.info-rm.com/er/index.php News in the Erzya and Moksha Mordvinian languages * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081021051746/http://www.erzan.ru/erzjanskij-jazyk] Эрзянский язык * [https://valks.oahpa.no Erzya – Finnish/English/German/Russian dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413200156/https://valks.oahpa.no/ |date=2021-04-13 }} (robust finite-state, open-source) <!-- https://web.archive.org/web/20170602000344/http://valks.oahpa.no/ --> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170113190126/http://www.ling.helsinki.fi/~rueter/rsc/erzya-studies-reference-bibliography.shtml] Erzya studies reference bibliography under construction. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120426090603/http://www.library.saransk.ru/fu/grant/slovar.pdf Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary] * [http://lazalyk.narod.ru/business.html Russian-Erzya Dictionary] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱣᱨᱟᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱮᱥᱛᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱠᱤᱨᱜᱤᱡᱽᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱩᱡᱽᱵᱮᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱮᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: Erzya language| ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== 2f0c3au8t1jkti27ul88tkxlarqz6te 0 14152 193046 162161 2026-06-20T14:45:05Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language | name = ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ | nativename = {{lang|fur|furlan}} | states = [[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ]] | region = [[ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤ]] | speakers = ᱔᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ) (᱒᱐᱑᱕) | speakers2 = ᱖᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ (ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ) | date = | ref = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.arlef.it/en/friulian-language/sociolinguistic-condition/5 |title=Sociolinguistic Condition |website=Regional Agency for Friulian Language |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222132906/http://www.arlef.it/en/friulian-language/sociolinguistic-condition/5#/sociolinguistic-condition |archive-date=2019-02-22}}</ref> | familycolor = Indo-European | fam1 = [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] | fam2 = [[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱠ]] | fam3 = [[ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ]] | fam4 = [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱯᱟᱪᱮᱭᱟᱭ]] | fam5 = [[ᱜᱟᱞᱳᱼᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱜᱟᱞᱳᱼᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ]] | fam6 = [[ᱨᱟᱭᱮᱛᱳᱼᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱨᱟᱭᱮᱛᱳᱼᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ]] | iso2 = fur | iso3 = fur | glotto = friu1240 | glottorefname = ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ | lingua = 51-AAA-m | script = [[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ|ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ]] (ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ) | agency = Agjenzie regjonâl pe lenghe furlane [http://www.arlef.it/] | notice = IPA | map = Mappa_Dialetti_Friulani.png }} '''ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ''' ({{IPAc-en|f|r|i|ˈ|uː|l|i|ə|n}} {{respell|free|OO|lee|ən}}) ᱥᱮ '''ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱟᱱ''' (ᱥᱛᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ {{Audio|Furlan.ogg|''furlan''|help=no}} ᱥᱮ {{lang|fur|marilenghe}}; [[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]: friulano; [[ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ]]: Furlanisch; [[ᱥᱞᱳᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱞᱳᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ]]: furlanščina) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱨᱟᱭᱮᱛᱳᱼᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱨᱟᱭᱮᱛᱳᱼᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱖᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ]], [[ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ]], [[ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱞᱳᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱞᱳᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱑᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱤᱲᱦᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱑᱓᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ==ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ== ==ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ== ==ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ== [[File:Udine-targaUniversitatdalFriul.jpg|thumb|Sign of the Universitât dâl Friûl in Udine]] ==ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ== {| class="wikitable" |+ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ! ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ! ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ |- |ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱸᱨ; ᱤᱧᱟᱹᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱠ! |Mandi; jo mi clami Jâck! |- |ᱛᱤᱦᱤᱧᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭᱼᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ! |Vuê al è propit cjalt! |- |ᱤᱧ ᱧᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱛᱤᱧᱟ; ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ |O scugni propit lâ cumò; ariviodisi. |- |ᱤᱧ ᱛᱤᱦᱤᱧ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱹᱧ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ; ᱤᱧᱟᱹᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ |No pues vignî fûr cun te usgnot; o ai di studiâ. |} ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Portal|Italy|Languages}} {{Commons category|Friulian language}} {{InterWiki|code=fur}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXQOXCGdrRk Short video showing bilingual Italian/Friulian road signs] * [http://www.ondefurlane.eu/ Radio Onde Furlane]. ''Radio in Friulian language.'' * [http://www.arlef.it/documents/grafie-uficial-de-lenghe-furlane Grafie uficiâl de lenghe furlane — Agjenzie regjonal pe lenghe furlane (different other language resources)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110925132159/http://www.arlef.it/documents/grafie-uficial-de-lenghe-furlane |date=2011-09-25 }} * Dante in furlan: [http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/languages/fur] * [http://www.provincia.udine.it/Pages/default.aspx Provincie di Udin-Provincia di Udine: La lingua friulana] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303013710/http://www.provincia.udine.it/Pages/default.aspx |date=2011-03-03 }} * [http://www.lapatriedalfriul.org/ La Patrie dal Friûl; Magazine and News in Friulian language since 1946] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121212234430/http://www.lenghe.net/ Lenghe.net – Online bilingual magazine in Friulian language (2004–2010)] * [http://www.friul.net/ Online magazine and resources] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060228235418/http://www.ciemen.org/mercator/pdf/wp4-def-ang.PDF The juridical defence of Friulian (in English)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010422085054/http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Union/1702/course.html Course of Friulian] * [http://www.siencis-par-furlan.net/ Friulian Journal of Science] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408195607/http://www.siencis-par-furlan.net/ |date=2008-04-08 }}&nbsp;– an association to foster the use of Friulian in the scientific world * [https://web.archive.org/web/20000120041834/http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Styx/9982/index.htm ''Fogolâr furlan'' of Toronto] * [http://www.fogolar.com/ ''Fogolâr Furlan'' of Windsor] * [http://www.filologicafriulana.it/ Societat Filologjiche Furlane] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060106214749/http://web.uniud.it/cirf/furlan/welcome.htm Centri interdipartimentâl pe ricercje su la culture e la lenghe dal Friûl "Josef Marchet"] * [http://www3.sympatico.ca/rpontisso/firefoxfurlan.htm Friulian version of Firefox browser] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060203053520/http://www3.sympatico.ca/rpontisso/firefoxfurlan.htm |date=2006-02-03 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180821121541/http://www.cfl2000.net/ Centri Friûl Lenghe 2000, Online bilingual dictionary (Italian/Friulian) with online tools] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060302204137/http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/Furlan-english/ Furlan English Dictionary] from [https://web.archive.org/web/20120223164907/http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/ Webster's Online Dictionary] – [[The Rosetta Edition]] * [http://www3.sympatico.ca/rpontisso/c-evo-furlan.html C-evo Furlan] – a computer game in Friulian * [http://www.friul.net/dizionario_nazzi/nazzi_italiano_friulano.php Italian-Friulian Dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303035918/http://www.friul.net/dizionario_nazzi/nazzi_italiano_friulano.php |date=2016-03-03 }} * [http://www.friul.net/multilingue/index.php Friulian-Italian-Slovenian-German-English-Spanish-French Multilingual Dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113064653/http://www.friul.net/multilingue/index.php |date=2016-01-13 }} * [http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100\ier\rom&first=0 Friulian basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110722053136/http://www.sangiorgioinsieme.it/Diz-friulan-english%20.htm Friulian-English English-Friulian dictionary] – ''uses the [[Faggin-Nazzi alphabet]]'' [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱜᱟᱞᱳᱼᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== o15gyuu9c5wrl57vi51ircxhbzio3re 0 14166 193056 135791 2026-06-20T15:47:50Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox adult biography | name = ᱴᱳᱨᱤ ᱵᱽᱞᱮᱠ | image = Tori Black 2014.jpg | caption = Black at the [[AVN Adult Entertainment Expo|AVN Expo]] in Las Vegas, 2014 | birth_name = <!--See WP:BLPPRIVACY before adding birth names/dates--> | birth_date = <!--See WP:BLPPRIVACY before adding birth names/dates--> | birth_place = | spouse = Lyndell Anderson{{r|DailyDot}} | height = | alias = ᱴᱳᱨᱤ ᱵᱽᱞᱮᱠ | children = ᱒ | website = {{url|toriblack.com}} }} '''ᱴᱳᱨᱤ ᱵᱽᱞᱮᱠ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱤᱠᱞᱮᱭᱱ ᱪᱮᱭᱯᱢᱮᱱ) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱩᱭ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱽ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱤ ᱣᱤᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱢᱮᱞ ᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱰᱟᱞᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ== ᱵᱽᱞᱮᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱣᱚᱥᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱨᱱᱟᱞᱤᱡᱽᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱩᱣᱮᱴ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ == ᱵᱽᱞᱮᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱷᱞᱳᱨᱤᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱴ ᱞᱳᱣᱰᱚᱨᱰᱣᱞ‌ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱳ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ == {|class="infobox" style="width: 25em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; vertical-align: middle;" |+ List of accolades |- |colspan=3| {|class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%;" !colspan="3" style="background:#d9e8ff; text-align:center;"|Awards and nominations |-style="background:#d9e8ff; text-align:center; text-align:center;" |'''Award''' |style="background:#cec; text-size:0.9em; width:50px;"|'''Won''' |style="background:#fcd; text-size:0.9em; width:50px;"|'''Nominated''' |- ![[AVN Award]]s |{{won|9}} |{{nom|50}} |- ![[Fans of Adult Media and Entertainment Award|F.A.M.E. Awards]] |{{won|2}} |{{nom|2}} |- !NightMoves Awards |{{won|1}} |{{nom|2}} |- ![[XBIZ Award]]s |{{won|5}} |{{nom|6}} |- ![[XRCO Award]]s |{{won|3}} |{{nom|4}} |} |-style="background:#d9e8ff;" |style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"|'''Total number of wins and nominations''' |- |{{won|'''Totals'''}} |{{won|'''20'''}} |{{nom|'''64'''}} |} [[File:Tori Black AVN 2010.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Black attending the 2010 AVN Awards show]] [[File:Tori Black at FAME Awards 2010.jpg|thumb|upright|Black at the 2010 FAME Awards]] {|class="wikitable" |- !ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ !ᱠᱮᱨᱮᱢᱚᱱᱤ !ᱛᱷᱚᱠ !ᱵᱩᱵᱷᱤ |- |rowspan=2|᱒᱐᱐᱙ |[[XRCO Award]]s<ref>[http://www.xrco.com/ "25th Anniversary XRCO Show WINNERS and NOMINEES! April 16, 2009 - Hollywood, CA"]. [[XRCO]]. Retrieved April 14, 2012.</ref> |Cream Dream |{{n/a}} |- |[[Fans of Adult Media and Entertainment Award|F.A.M.E. Awards]]<ref>[http://business.avn.com/articles/F-A-M-E-Award-Winners-Announced-343971.html "F.A.M.E. Award Winners Announced"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623081109/http://business.avn.com/articles/F-A-M-E-Award-Winners-Announced-343971.html |date=2013-06-23 }}. [[AVN (magazine)|AVN]]. Retrieved April 14, 2012.</ref> |Favorite Female Rookie |{{n/a}} |- |rowspan=8|᱒᱐᱑᱐ |rowspan=5|[[27th AVN Awards|AVN Award]]s<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110707194109/http://avnawards.avn.com/past-shows/past-nominees/ "2011 AVN Awards Past Nominees"]. AVN. Retrieved June 28, 2012</ref><ref>[http://business.avn.com/articles/video/2010-AVN-Award-Winners-Announced-378238.html "2010 AVN Award Winners Announced"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623225400/http://business.avn.com/articles/video/2010-AVN-Award-Winners-Announced-378238.html |date=2016-06-23 }}. AVN. Retrieved April 14, 2012.</ref> |Best All-Girl Couples Sex Scene |''Field of Schemes 5'' |- |Best All-Girl Three-Way Sex Scene |''The 8th Day'' |- |Best Tease Performance |rowspan=2|''[[Tori Black Is Pretty Filthy]]'' |- |ᱵᱮᱥᱴ‌ ᱛᱷᱨᱤᱣᱮ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱥᱤᱱ |- |[[AVN Award for Female Performer of the Year|Female Performer of the Year]] |{{n/a}} |- |[[XBIZ Award]]s<ref>[http://www.xbiz.com/news/115720 "XBIZ Announces Finalist Nominees for 2010 XBIZ Awards"]. XBIZ. Retrieved June 28, 2012</ref><ref>[http://www.xbiz.com/news/117447 "XBIZ Awards 2010 Winners Announced"]. [[XBIZ]]. Retrieved April 13, 2012.</ref> |[[XBIZ Award#Female Performer of the Year|Female Performer of the Year]] |{{n/a}} |- |XRCO Awards<ref name=xrco10>[http://www.xrco.com/ "2010 NOMINEES & WINNERS: for the 4-29-2010 26th annual XRCO AWARDS SHOW "]. [[XRCO]]. Retrieved April 14, 2012.</ref> |Female Performer of the Year |{{n/a}} |- |F.A.M.E. Awards<ref>[http://business.avn.com/articles/The-F-A-M-E-Awards-Reveals-2010-Winners-402778.html "The F.A.M.E. Awards Reveals 2010 Winners"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100714104159/http://business.avn.com/articles/The-F-A-M-E-Awards-Reveals-2010-Winners-402778.html |date=2010-07-14 }}. AVN. Retrieved April 14, 2012.</ref> |Favorite Female Starlet |{{n/a}} |- |rowspan=6|᱒᱐᱑᱑ |rowspan=4|[[28th AVN Awards|AVN Award]]s<ref>[http://avnawards.avn.com/2011_nominations2.pdf "Nominations for the 2011 AVN Awards"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101215000902/http://avnawards.avn.com/2011_nominations2.pdf |date=December 15, 2010 }}. AVN. Retrieved June 28, 2011</ref><ref>[http://business.avn.com/articles/video/AVN-Announces-the-Winners-of-the-2011-AVN-Awards-421782.html "AVN Announces the Winners of the 2011 AVN Awards"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110172712/http://business.avn.com/articles/video/AVN-Announces-the-Winners-of-the-2011-AVN-Awards-421782.html |date=2011-01-10 }}. AVN. Retrieved April 14, 2012.</ref> |Best Oral Sex Scene |''Stripper Diaries'' |- |Best POV Sex Scene |''Jack's POV 15'' |- |Best Sex Scene in a Foreign-Shot Production |''Tori Black: Nymphomaniac'' |- |[[AVN Award for Female Performer of the Year|Female Performer of the Year]] |{{n/a}} |- |XBIZ Awards<ref>[http://www.bwdl.net/XRCO-2/2011show/index.htm "2011 NOMINEES and WINNERS: for the 4-13-2011 27th annual XRCO AWARDS SHOW"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026094659/http://www.bwdl.net/XRCO-2/2011show/index.htm |date=October 26, 2011 }}. XRCO. Retrieved June 28, 2012</ref> |Porn Star Site of the Year |{{n/a}} |- |XRCO Awards<ref name=xrco11>[http://www.xrco.com/ "2011 NOMINEES and WINNERS: for the 4-13-2011 27th annual XRCO AWARDS SHOW"]. [[XRCO]]. Retrieved April 14, 2012.</ref> |Female Performer of the Year |{{n/a}} |- |᱒᱐᱑᱒ |NightMoves Awards<ref>{{cite web |title=20th Annual NightMoves Awards Heats Up Tampa |publisher=AVN.com |url=http://business.avn.com/articles/video/20th-Annual-NightMoves-Awards-Heats-Up-Tampa-491005.html |date=January 10, 2010 |access-date=January 15, 2013 |archive-date=January 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130023104/http://business.avn.com/articles/video/20th-Annual-NightMoves-Awards-Heats-Up-Tampa-491005.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Social Media Star (Editor's Choice) |{{n/a}} |- |᱒᱐᱑᱖ |XBIZ Awards |Director of the Year – Non-Feature Release<ref name=xbizwinners2016>[http://www.xbizawards.com/winners.php XBIZ Award Winners], ''[[XBIZ]]'', January 2016</ref> |''True Lust'' |- |rowspan="1"| ᱒᱐᱑᱘ |XBIZ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ |ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱥᱤᱱ - ᱳᱞ ᱜᱟᱨᱞ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ<ref name=xbizwin2018>[http://www.xbizawards.com/winners.php XBIZ Award Winners], ''[[XBIZ]]'', January, 2018</ref> |''ᱴᱳᱨᱤ ᱵᱽᱞᱮᱠ ᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱽᱞᱮᱠ'' |- |rowspan="1"|᱒᱐᱑᱙ | XBIZ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ | ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱥᱤᱱ – ᱣᱤᱡᱽᱱᱮᱴᱮ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ<ref name=xbizwin2019>[http://www.xbizawards.com/winners.php XBIZ Award Winners], ''[[XBIZ]]'', January, 2019</ref> |''ᱟᱯᱷᱴᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱨᱠ'' |- |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} 2vdboa0svk2634yt24bi8c6942ucw75 0 16704 193032 187644 2026-06-20T12:07:24Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ | settlement_type = [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | total_type = ᱜᱩᱴ | native_name = | image_map = Charkhi Dadri in Haryana (India).svg | map_caption = ᱪᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ ᱨᱮ | coordinates = | coor_pinpoint = ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | established_title = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ | established_date = | seat_type = ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ | seat = [[ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ]] | parts_type = ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ | parts_style = para | p1 = | area_total_km2 = | area_footnotes = | population_as_of = ᱒᱐᱑᱖ | population_total = | population_footnotes = | population_urban = | population_density_km2 = auto | demographics_type1 = | demographics1_title1 = ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ | demographics1_info1 = | demographics1_title2 = ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ | demographics1_info2 = | leader_title = | leader_name = | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | utc_offset1 = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐ | registration_plate = | blank_name_sec1 = [[ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ|ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱱᱟᱣ]] | blank_info_sec1 = ᱒ | blank_name_sec2 = | blank_info_sec2 = | website = }} '''ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ''' ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱒ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ]] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=notifn2>{{cite news|title=Charki Dadri notified as 22nd district of Haryana|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Charki-Dadri-notified-as-22nd-district-of-Haryana/articleshow/55803185.cms|work=The Times of India|date=5 December 2016}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ===ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱮᱨᱟ=== ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ, ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱗᱕ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱤᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱑᱐᱓,᱐᱐᱐ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱣᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱕᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱨᱚᱦ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱫᱩᱨ ᱡᱚᱝᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱢᱨᱟᱴ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱫᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱵᱚᱞᱤᱠ (symbolic) ᱞᱚᱭᱟᱞᱴᱤ (loyalty) ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱤᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱹᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ (surrender) ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱗ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱕᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱠᱮᱥ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ [[ᱞᱟᱦᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱪᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱕᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱠᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱤᱡ ᱡᱤᱸᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱣᱟᱨᱩᱯ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ== ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱔᱔,᱘᱙᱒ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱾ ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== * [https://charkhidadri.gov.in/ Official website] *[http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/community/charkhi-dadri-is-state-s-22nd-district/297332.html Tribune India, accessed 8 Jan 2017]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827145629/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/community/charkhi-dadri-is-state-s-22nd-district/297332.html |date=27 August 2018 }} *[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Dadri-becomes-22nd-district-of-Haryana/articleshow/54929941.cms Times of India, accessed 8 Jan 2017] *[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Charki-Dadri-notified-as-22nd-district-of-Haryana/articleshow/55803185.cms Times of India, accessed 8 Jan 2017] {{Coord missing|ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱪᱚᱨᱠᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:2016 establishments in Haryana]] {{Haryana-geo-stub}} jzv4yrhey8838tfj1egzj1hi00jl2w9 0 17112 193043 190133 2026-06-20T13:56:30Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193043 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Indian badminton player}} {{pp-protected|reason=Persistent [[WP:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]; requested at [[WP:RfPP]]|small=yes}} {{Use Indian English|date=March 2021}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}{{Infobox badminton player|name=P. V. Sindhu|coach=[[Park Tae-sang]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/i-dont-have-any-differences-with-gopichand-says-pv-sindhu/articleshow/80917537.cms | title=I don't have any differences with Gopichand, says PV Sindhu | work=[[The Times of India]] | date=15 February 2021 | access-date=27 June 2021}}</ref>|medaltemplates={{MedalSport | Women's [[badminton]] }} {{MedalCountry | {{IND}} }} {{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] }} {{MedalSilver | [[Badminton at the 2016 Summer Olympics|2016 Rio de Janeiro]] | [[Badminton at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|Women's singles]] }} {{MedalBronze | [[Badminton at the 2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Tokyo]] | [[Badminton at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|Women's singles]] }} {{MedalCompetition | [[BWF World Championships|World Championships]] }} {{MedalGold | [[2019 BWF World Championships|2019 Basel]] | [[2019 BWF World Championships&nbsp;– Women's singles|Women's singles]] }} {{MedalSilver | [[2017 BWF World Championships|2017 Glasgow]] | [[2017 BWF World Championships&nbsp;– Women's singles|Women's singles]] }} {{MedalSilver | [[2018 BWF World Championships|2018 Nanjing]] | [[2018 BWF World Championships&nbsp;– Women's singles|Women's singles]] }} {{MedalBronze | [[2013 BWF World Championships|2013 Copenhagen]] | [[2013 BWF World Championships&nbsp;– Women's singles|Women's singles]] }} {{MedalBronze | [[2014 BWF World Championships|2014 Guangzhou]] | [[2014 BWF World Championships&nbsp;– Women's singles|Women's singles]] }} {{MedalCompetition | [[Uber Cup]] }} {{MedalBronze | [[2014 Thomas & Uber Cup|2014 New Delhi]] | Women's team }} {{MedalBronze | [[2016 Thomas & Uber Cup|2016 Kunshan]] | Women's team }} {{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton at the Asian Games|Asian Games]] }} {{MedalSilver | {{Nowrap|[[Badminton at the 2018 Asian Games|2018 Jakarta–Palembang]]}} | {{Nowrap|[[Badminton at the 2018 Asian Games – Women's singles|Women's singles]]}} }} {{MedalBronze | [[Badminton at the 2014 Asian Games|2014 Incheon]] | [[Badminton at the 2014 Asian Games – Women's team|Women's team]] }} {{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]] }} {{MedalGold | [[Badminton at the 2018 Commonwealth Games|2018 Gold Coast]] | [[Badminton at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Mixed team|Mixed team]] }} {{MedalSilver | 2018 Gold Coast | [[Badminton at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Women's singles|Women's singles]] }} {{MedalBronze | [[Badminton at the 2014 Commonwealth Games|2014 Glasgow]] | [[Badminton at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Women's singles|Women's singles]] }} {{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton Asia Championships|Asian Championships]] }} {{MedalBronze | [[2014 Badminton Asia Championships|2014 Gimcheon]] | Women's singles }} {{MedalCompetition | [[South Asian Games]] }} {{MedalGold | [[2016 South Asian Games|2016 Guwahati–Shillong]] | Women's team }} {{MedalSilver | 2016 Guwahati–Shillong | Women's singles }} {{MedalCompetition | [[Commonwealth Youth Games]] }} {{MedalGold | [[Badminton at the 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games|2011 Douglas]] | Girls' singles }} {{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton Asia Junior Championships|Asian Junior Championships]] }} {{MedalGold | [[2012 Asian Junior Badminton Championships|2012 Gimcheon]] | Girls' singles }} {{MedalBronze | [[2011 Asian Junior Badminton Championships|2011 Lucknow]] | Girls' singles }} {{MedalBronze | 2011 Lucknow | Mixed team }}|show-medals=Yes|date_of_current_ranking=23 March 2021<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/player/73173/pusarla-v-sindhu|title=Current Ranking -|website=www. bwflive.tournamentsoftware.com }}</ref>|current_ranking=7|date_of_highest_ranking=7 April 2017<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bwflive.tournamentsoftware.com/ranking/ranking.aspx?id=13220|title=World No 2 on 7th April 2017 -|website=www. bwflive.tournamentsoftware.com }}</ref>|highest_ranking=2|titles=15<!--should not include "Games" (Olympics, Asian, Southeast Asian)-->|career_record=349 wins, 149 losses|event=Women's singles|handedness=Right|image=PV Sindhu headshot.jpg|years_active=2011–present|weight=65 kg<ref name="SR"/>|height=1.79 m<ref name="SR">{{cite web |title=P. V. Sindhu Bio, Stats, and Results |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/si/p-v-sindhu-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418005033/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/si/p-v-sindhu-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 April 2020 |website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com |access-date=10 April 2020 |language=en}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India<br>{{small|(now in [[Telangana]]), India}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/commonwealth-games/pv-sindhu-profile-badminton-biography-stats-medals-cwg-5105924/|title=PV Sindhu Profile, Stats, Record: PV Sindhu goes after converting bronze medal to gold|date=29 March 2018}}</ref>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1995|7|5}}<ref name="bwfbadminton.com">{{Cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/player/73173/pusarla-v-sindhu|title=PUSARLA V. Sindhu &#124; Profile|website=bwfbadminton.com}}</ref>|country=[[India]]|birth_name=Pusarla Venkata Sindhu|size=|caption=Sindhu in 2016|bwf_id=0BF2D10A-66EB-4B90-BB4B-3F70D4ADAD99}}'''ᱯᱩᱥᱟᱨᱞᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱝᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱕ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱙᱕) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ [[ᱵᱮᱰᱢᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ ᱫᱚ [[ᱚᱞᱚᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱜᱮᱢᱥ|ᱚᱞᱚᱢᱯᱤᱠᱥ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱯᱷ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱴᱩᱨ|ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱯᱷ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴ]], [[2019 BWF World Championships|᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱣᱟᱞᱰ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱤᱯ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱰᱢᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱟᱞᱰ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱻᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱟᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ <ref>{{Cite news|date=August 1, 2021|title=PV Sindhu joins select group of repeat medalists with Tokyo 2020 bronze|url=https://olympics.com/en/featured-news/pv-sindhu-joins-select-group-of-repeat-medalists-with-tokyo-2020-bronze|url-status=live|access-date=August 1, 2021|website=[[Olympic Games]]}}</ref> Sindhu broke into the top 20 of the [[BWF World Ranking]] in September 2012, at the age of 17.<ref name="top20">{{cite news|title=Sindhu breaks into world top 20 ranking|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/article3918416.ece|access-date=21 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 September 2012|location=Chennai, India}}</ref> Beginning in 2013, she won a medal at every world championships, with the exception of [[2015 BWF World Championships|2015]]. She is just the second woman after [[Zhang Ning]] to win five or more medals at the world championships. She represented India at the [[2016 Summer Olympics|2016 Summer Olympics (Rio)]], becoming the first Indian badminton player to reach a final. She won the silver medal after losing out to Spain's [[Carolina Marin]].<ref>{{cite news|title=PV Sindhu Scripts History, Becomes First Indian Woman To Win Olympic Silver Medal|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/sports/rio-olympics/pv-sindhu-scripts-history-becomes-first-indian-woman-to-win-olympic-silver-medal-260281.html|access-date=20 August 2016|work=indiatimes.com}}</ref> She made her second consecutive [[Olympic]] appearance at the [[2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Summer Olympics (Tokyo)]] and won a bronze medal, becoming the first Indian woman ever to win two Olympic medals.<ref>{{Cite news|date=August 1, 2021|title=PV Sindhu joins select group of repeat medalists with Tokyo 2020 bronze|url=https://olympics.com/en/featured-news/pv-sindhu-joins-select-group-of-repeat-medalists-with-tokyo-2020-bronze|url-status=live|access-date=August 1, 2021|website=[[Olympic Games]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-08-01|title=PV Sindhu wins bronze medal to create history for India at Tokyo Olympics|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/sports/olympics/pv-sindhu-wins-bronze-medal-to-create-history-for-india-at-tokyo-olympics-101627817697100.html|access-date=2021-08-01|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> Sindhu won her first [[BWF Superseries|superseries]] title at the [[2016 China Open Super Series Premier|2016 China Open]] and followed it up with four more finals in 2017, winning the titles in [[2017 Korea Open Super Series|South Korea]] and [[2017 India Super Series|India]]. In addition to that, she has won a silver medal each at the [[2018 Commonwealth Games]] and [[2018 Asian Games]], and two bronze medals at the [[Uber Cup]]. With earnings of US$8.5&nbsp;million and $5.5&nbsp;million respectively, Sindhu made the ''[[Forbes]]''{{'}} list of Highest-Paid Female Athletes in 2018 and 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2018/08/21/the-highest-paid-female-athletes-2018/|title=The Highest-Paid Female Athletes 2018|last=Badenhausen|first=Kurt|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=23 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2019/08/06/the-highest-paid-female-athletes-2019-serena-and-osaka-dominate/|title=The Highest-Paid Female Athletes 2019: Serena And Osaka Dominate|last=Badenhausen|first=Kurt|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=23 August 2019}}</ref> She is the recipient of the sports honour [[Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna]], and India's fourth highest civilian award, the [[Padma Shri]]. She was also honoured with [[Padma Bhushan]], the third highest civilian award in India, in January 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/other/2020/jan/26/padma-vibhushan-for-mary-kom-pv-sindhu-awarded-padma-bhushan-2094756.html|title=Padma Vibhushan for Mary Kom, PV Sindhu awarded Padma Bhushan|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=26 January 2020|access-date=26 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/mary-kom-will-be-conferred-with-padma-vibhushan-pv-sindhu-to-get-padma-bhushan/articleshow/73627922.cms|title=Mary Kom will be conferred with Padma Vibhushan, PV Sindhu to get Padma Bhushan|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=26 January 2020|access-date=26 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS|url=https://padmaawards.gov.in/PDFS/2020AwardeesList.pdf|website=padmaawards.gov.in|access-date=25 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last1=DelhiJune 3|first1=Akshay Ramesh New|last2=June 3|first2=2021UPDATED|last3=Ist|first3=2021 13:30|title=PV Sindhu ready for one-woman show at Tokyo Olympics, sees no added pressure|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/badminton/story/tokyo-olympics-pv-sindhu-preparation-saina-srikanth-1810357-2021-06-03|access-date=2021-07-16|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> == Early life and training == Pusarla Venkata Sindhu<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/player/73173/pusarla-v-sindhu|title=P. V. Sindhu -|website=www. bwflive.tournamentsoftware.com}}</ref> was born and brought up in [[Hyderabad]], India to [[P. V. Ramana]] and P. Vijaya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 August 2016|title=PV Sindhu will keep hopes of all Indians high, says her father PV Ramana|url=http://indianexpress.com/sports/rio-2016-olympics/pv-sindhu-silver-medal-india-final-father-ramana-parents-result-highlights-2985915/|access-date=21 August 2016}}</ref> Ramana, an employee of the [[Indian Railways]], was born in [[Nirmal]], [[Telangana]] while Vijaya hails from [[Vijayawada]], [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=P|first=Ashish|date=20 August 2016|title=Who does PV Sindhu belong to? Telangana and Andhra Pradesh in bitter fight|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/rio-olympics-2016/india-olympics/story/rio-olympics-2016-pv-sindhu-pullela-gopichand-andhra-pradesh-telangana-336280-2016-08-20|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-31|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> Both her parents have been national level [[Volleyball]] players. Her father, Ramana, who was a member of the Indian volleyball team that won the bronze medal in 1986 [[1986 Asian Games|Seoul Asian Games]], received the [[Arjuna Award]] in 2000 for his contribution to the sports.<ref name="parents">{{cite news|date=30 December 2009|title=Boys and girls with golden dreams|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/node/98758/print|access-date=20 October 2010|archive-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214135447/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/node/98758/print|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sindhu lives in [[Hyderabad]], [[Telangana]]. She was educated at [[Auxilium High School]], [[Hyderabad]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=PTI|title=Sindhu: 'My dream is to become World No. 1'|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/badminton/sindhu-my-dream-is-to-become-world-no-1/article22881149.ece|access-date=22 January 2020|work=Sportstar|date=28 February 2018|language=en}}</ref> and at [[St. Ann's College for Women]], [[Hyderabad]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bureau|first1=Our|title=St Ann's College fetes Sindhu|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Education-and-Careers/2014-08-12/St-Anns-College-fetes-Sindhu/104814|work=www.thehansindia.com|date=13 August 2014|language=en}}</ref> Though her parents played professional volleyball, she chose [[badminton]] over it because she drew inspiration from the success of [[Pullela Gopichand]], the [[2001 All England Open Badminton Championships|2001 All England Open Badminton Champion]].<ref name="pro_1">{{cite news|last=V. V.|first=Subrahmanyam|title=Aiming for the stars|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/04/10/stories/2008041050140300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108060446/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/04/10/stories/2008041050140300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 November 2012|access-date=20 October 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=10 April 2008|location=Chennai, India}}</ref> She eventually started playing [[badminton]] from the age of eight.<ref name="parents" /> She first learned the basics of the sport with the guidance of Mehboob Ali at the badminton courts of Indian Railway Institute of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications in Secunderabad. Soon after, she joined Pullela Gopichand's [[Gopichand Badminton Academy]].<ref name="pro_1" /> While profiling her career, a correspondent with ''The Hindu'' wrote:<blockquote>"The fact that she reports on time at the coaching camps daily, traveling a distance of 56 km from her residence, is perhaps a reflection of her willingness to complete her desire to be a good badminton player with the required hard work and commitment."<ref name="pro_1" /></blockquote>Gopichand seconded this correspondent's opinion when he said that "the most striking feature in Sindhu's game is her attitude and the never-say-die spirit."<ref name="pro_2">{{cite news|last=V. V.|first=Subrahmanyam|title=Shuttler Sindhu is the star to watch out for|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-downtown/article809945.ece|access-date=20 October 2010|newspaper=The Hindu|date=3 October 2010|location=Chennai, India}}</ref> After joining Gopichand's badminton academy, Sindhu won several titles. In the under-10 years category, she won the 5th Servo All India ranking championship in the doubles category and the singles title at the Ambuja Cement All India ranking. In the under-13 years category, she won the singles title at the Sub-juniors in [[Pondicherry (city)|Pondicherry]], doubles titles at the Krishna Khaitan All India Tournament IOC All India Ranking, the Sub-Junior Nationals and the All India Ranking in [[Pune]]. She also won the under-14 team gold medal at the 51st National State Games in India.<ref name="parents" /> She later parted company with Gopichand and chose South Korean coach [[Park Tae-sang]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/tokyo-olympics/article/explained-why-pv-sindhu-parted-ways-with-pullela-gopichand-to-train-with-south-korean-coach/792272|title=EXPLAINED: Why PV Sindhu parted ways with Pullela Gopichand to train with South Korean coach|publisher=Times Now|work=Abhishek Kumar|date=30 July 2021|accessdate=31 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/badminton/park-tae-sang-pv-sindhu-coach-tokyo-olympics-2021|title=Park Tae-Sang: All you need to know about PV Sindhu's animated coach on the sidelines|publisher=SportsKeeda|work=Hari Kishore Malladi|date=30 July 2021|accessdate=31 July 2021}}</ref> == Career == === 2009–2011 === Sindhu entered the international circuit at a young age of 14. She was a bronze medallist at the 2009 Sub-Junior Asian Badminton Championships held in [[Colombo]]. At the 2010 [[Iran Fajr International]] Badminton Challenge, she won the silver medal in the singles category.<ref>{{cite news|title=SAI badminton coach returns with glory|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2010/20100213/cth2.htm|access-date=20 October 2010|newspaper=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]|date=13 February 2010}}</ref> She reached the quarterfinals of the [[2010 BWF World Junior Championships]] that was held in Mexico where she lost to Chinese [[Suo Di]] in a 3-gamer.<ref>{{cite news|title=India won two bronze in Junior World Badminton c'ships|url=http://www.zeenews.com/news622914.html|access-date=20 October 2010|newspaper=[[Zee News]]|date=29 April 2010}}</ref> In 2011, She won Maldives International Challenge in June defeating compatriot [[P.C. Thulasi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/badminton/15-years-old-pv-sindhu-triumphs-at-maldives-open|title=15 Years Old PV Sindhu Triumphs at Maldives Open|website=www.sportskeeda.com|date=11 June 2011|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=11 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711184035/https://www.sportskeeda.com/amp/badminton/15-years-old-pv-sindhu-triumphs-at-maldives-open|url-status=dead}}</ref> She also won Indonesia International Challenge next month.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/badminton/p-v-sindhu-wins-indonesian-international-challenge|title=P.V. Sindhu wins Indonesian International Challenge|website=www.sportskeeda.com|date=24 July 2011|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=4 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804041709/https://www.sportskeeda.com/amp/badminton/p-v-sindhu-wins-indonesian-international-challenge|url-status=dead}}</ref> She was the finalist at the [[Dutch Open (badminton)|Dutch Open]] where she lost to home player [[Yao Jie]] with scores 16–21, 17–21.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/2011/oct/17/sindhu-loses-in-dutch-open-final-301023.html|title=Sindhu loses in Dutch Open final|website=www.newindianexpress.com|date=17 October 2011|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Her successful run continued after she won Swiss International beating [[Carola Bott]] of Germany in the Final.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/sensational-sindhu-wins-swiss-international-challenge-115051.html/amp|title=Sensational Sindhu wins Swiss International Challenge|website=www.firstpost.com|date=23 October 2011|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She lost in second round of [[2011 BWF World Junior Championships]] to [[Yuki Fukushima]] in a very close match 21–15, 18–21, 21–23.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/sports/badminton/Sameer-battles-to-make-last-eight-in-world-junior-badminton/articleshow/10599759.cms|title=Sameer battles to make last eight in world junior badminton|editor=M Ratnakar|website=m.timesofindia.com|date=4 November 2011|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She won India International badminton event later in the year, defeating [[Sayali Gokhale]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/sindhu-signs-off-deceptively-yours/889928/|title=Sindhu signs off, deceptively yours|editor=Kabir Mandrekar|website=archive.indianexpress.com|date=20 December 2011|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> === 2012 === A 16-year-old Sindhu went on to compete at the [[2012 All England Super Series Premier|All England Open Championships]] as a qualifier. She reached the main draw but lost to [[Tai Tzu-ying]] in 3 games. On 7 July 2012, she won Asian Junior Championships beating Japanese Player [[Nozomi Okuhara]] in final by 18–21, 21–17, 22–20.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/sindhu-wins-asia-youth-under-19-badminton-chship-371072.html/amp|title=Sindhu wins Asia Youth Under-19 Badminton Ch'ship|website=www.firstpost.com|date=7 July 2012|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In the [[Li Ning]] [[China Open (badminton)|China Masters]] Super Series tournament she stunned [[London 2012 Olympics]] gold medallist [[Li Xuerui]], beating her 21–19, 9–21, 21–16 and entered the semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/others/pv-sindhu-stuns-olympic-gold-medallist-xuerui-in-china-masters_748827.html|website=zeenews.india.com|title=PV Sindhu stuns Olympic gold medallist Xuerui in China Masters|date=14 September 2012|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> however she lost to 4th seeded [[Jiang Yanjiao]] of China by 10–21, 21–14, 19–21 in next round.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/sports/more-sports/badminton/Fighter-PV-Sindhu-bows-out-of-China-Masters/articleshow/16408418.cms?referral=PM|website=m.timesofindia.com|title=Fighter PV Sindhu bows out of China Masters|date=15 September 2012|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Sindhu then went on to participate in the 77th [[Indian National Badminton Championships|Senior National Badminton Championships]] held at [[Srinagar]]. She was defeated in the finals by [[Sayali Gokhale]] for 15–21, 21–15, 15–21.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/sports-news/Tennis/Sayali-stuns-Sindhu/Article1-939443.aspx|title=Sayali stuns Sindhu|editor=Anamika Nandekar|website=www.hindustantimes.com|date=3 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006005448/http://www.hindustantimes.com/sports-news/Tennis/Sayali-stuns-Sindhu/Article1-939443.aspx|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=6 October 2012}}</ref> It was later revealed that she injured her knee in the [[China Open (badminton)|China Open]] and she carried this injury through the [[Japan Open (badminton)|Japan Open]] and the nationals. She decided to skip the World Junior Championships so as not to aggravate the injury.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/sport/report_pv-sindhu-sameer-verma-pull-out-of-world-junior-badminton-championships_1752060|title=PV Sindhu, Sameer Verma pull out of World Junior Badminton Championships|editor=G Krishnan|website=www.dnaindia.com|date=13 October 2012|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She finished runner-up in the Syed Modi India Grand Prix Gold event held in [[Lucknow]] in December 2012 after going down to [[Lindaweni Fanetri]] in 3 games.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/badminton/syed-modi-international-gallant-pv-sindhu-loses-in-singles-final|title=Syed Modi International: Gallant PV Sindhu loses in singles final|editor=Suhrid Barua|website=www.sportskeeda.com|date=23 December 2012|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=4 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804041708/https://www.sportskeeda.com/amp/badminton/syed-modi-international-gallant-pv-sindhu-loses-in-singles-final|url-status=dead}}</ref> === 2013 === Sindhu stunned [[Wang Shixian]] in the 2nd round of [[2013 Badminton Asia Championships|Asian Championships]] in tough games to reach the quarterfinal, but lost to [[Eriko Hirose]] of Japan in yet another 3 set clash.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wap.business-standard.com/article-amp/pti-stories/sindhu-crashes-out-of-badminton-asia-c-ships-113041900766_1.html|title=Sindhu crashes out of Badminton Asia C'ships|website=business-standard.com|date=19 April 2013|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=4 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804041656/https://wap.business-standard.com/article-amp/pti-stories/sindhu-crashes-out-of-badminton-asia-c-ships-113041900766_1.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> She reached her career-best ranking of 15.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/kashyap-becomes-world-no6/article4653832.ece|title=Kashyap becomes world No.6|website=www.thehindu.com|date=25 April 2012|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She won Malaysian title, beating Singaporean [[Gu Juan]], by 21–17, 17–21, 21–19. This was her first Grand Prix Gold title.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/sindhu-wins-malaysia-grand-prix/article4683735.ece|title=Sindhu wins Malaysia Grand Prix|website=www.thehindu.com|date=4 May 2013|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She participated in the [[2013 BWF World Championships - Women's singles|2013 World Championships]], where she was seeded 10th in the draw. She defeated Japanese [[Kaori Imabeppu]] in 1st round in 3 games 21–19, 19–21, 21–17 & reached the 2nd round. She downed the defending champion, second-seeded [[Wang Yihan]] of China with score 21–18, 23–21 in 54 minutes, to enter the quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2013/08/08/wang-lao-ji-bwf-world-championships-2013-day-4-stunning-sindhu-denies-wang-yihan-repeat/|title=WANG LAO JI BWF WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS 2013 – DAY 4: STUNNING SINDHU DENIES WANG YIHAN REPEAT|editor=Gayle Alleyne & Dev Sukumar|website=bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com|date=8 August 2013|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She set-up a meeting with another higher-seeded Chinese player, [[Wang Shixian]] & beat her 21–18, 21–17 to become India's only second medalist in the singles event at the Badminton World Championships since [[Prakash Padukone]]'s Bronze medal back in [[1983 IBF World Championships - Men's Singles|1983]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/badminton/pv-sindhu-beats-chinese-former-world-no-1-wang-shixian-to-reach-bwf-world-championships-semis|title=PV Sindhu beats Chinese former World No.1 Wang Shixian to reach BWF World Championships semis|editor=Mohit Camma|website=www.sportskeeda.com|date=10 August 2013|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=4 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804041714/https://www.sportskeeda.com/amp/badminton/pv-sindhu-beats-chinese-former-world-no-1-wang-shixian-to-reach-bwf-world-championships-semis|url-status=dead}}</ref> She lost in the semi-final to ultimate champion Ratchanok Intanon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sport-asia.com/badminton-thai-teen-ratchanok-hopes-to-make-history-against-world-no-1-li/|title=Badminton: Ratchanok ready to create 'new history' in final with World No. 1 Li|website=sport-asia.com|date=10 August 2013|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806160629/http://sport-asia.com/badminton-thai-teen-ratchanok-hopes-to-make-history-against-world-no-1-li/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sindhu was awarded the [[Arjun Award]] by the government of India.<ref name="macau">{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/sports/shuttler-sindhu-receives-arjuna-award/article20665613.ece1/|title=Shuttler Sindhu receives Arjuna Award|website=www.thehindubusinessline.com|date=24 September 2013|access-date=1 December 2013}}</ref> In the [[2013 Indian Badminton League]], she was the captain of the team [[Awadhe Warriors]]. Her team qualified for the semi-final, where they beat [[Mumbai Marathas]], but lost in the final to [[Hyderabad HotShots]]. She won [[2013 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold|Macau Open Grand Prix Gold]] title by defeating Canada's [[Michelle Li]] on 1 December 2013. The top-seeded 18-year-old won the match 21–15, 21–12 in 37 minutes.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/other-sports/story/shuttler-p-v-sindhu-wins-macau-open-crown-219266-2013-12-01|title=Shuttler PV Sindhu wins Macau Open crown, her second Grand Prix of the year|website=www.indiatoday.in|date=1 December 2013|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> === 2014 === Sindhu reached the final of [[2014 India Open Grand Prix Gold]] but lost to her senior compatriot [[Saina Nehwal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2014/01/27/india-gpg-2014-review-nehwal-wins-srikanth-sinks/|title=INDIA GPG 2014 – REVIEW: NEHWAL WINS; SRIKANTH SINKS|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=27 January 2014|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She claimed her first medal at the [[2014 Badminton Asia Championships|Asian Championships]] after beating [[Busanan Ongbamrungphan]] in quarterfinal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2014/04/27/asian-badminton-championships-2014-day-5-sasaki-lin-dan-in-final/|title=ASIAN BADMINTON CHAMPIONSHIPS 2014 – DAY 5: SASAKI, LIN DAN IN FINAL|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=27 April 2014|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She reached the semi-final stage of [[Badminton at the 2014 Commonwealth Games|2014 Commonwealth Games]] in the women's singles competition, which she lost to eventual gold medallist [[Michelle Li]] of Canada. She later won against Malaysian [[Tee Jing Yi]] to claim the bronze medal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/sports/report-commonwealth-games-2014-pv-sindhu-wins-bronze-in-badminton-women-s-singles-2007517|title=Commonwealth Games 2014: PV Sindhu wins bronze in badminton women's singles|website=www.dnaindia.com|date=3 August 2014|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In the [[2014 BWF World Championships - Women's singles|2014 World Championships]] held in Denmark, Sindhu was seeded 11th. She powered past Russian [[Olga Arkhangelskaya]] in round 1 in 2 easy games. She had tough encounter against [[Bae Yeon-ju]] in the round of 16 where she edged a close win 19–21, 22–20, 25–23. She later created history by becoming the first Indian to win two back-to-back medals in the BWF World Badminton Championships after her bronze medal finish last year by beating [[Wang Shixian]] in quarterfinals in three sets 19–21, 21–19, 21–15; with the match lasting more than an hour.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/other-sports/story/pusarla-venkata-sindhu-wang-shixian-wang-shixian-bwf-world-championships-carolina-marin-copenhagen-206316-2014-08-30|title=Sindhu stuns world No. 2 Wang of China to ensure second medal at World Championships|website=www.indiatoday.in|date=30 August 2014|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> However, in semis, she lost to the eventual gold medalist, [[Carolina Marin]], in straight sets and had to settle for bronze medal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2014/08/30/li-ning-bwf-world-championships-2014-day-6-magnificent-marin-shines/|title=LI-NING BWF WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS 2014 – DAY 6: MAGNIFICENT MARIN SHINES|editor=Richard Eaton|website=bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com|date=30 August 2014|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She defended her [[2014 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold|Macau Open]] title by beating [[Kim Hyo-min]] of South Korea in final in year-end.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2014/12/01/2014-macau-open-badminton-grand-prix-gold-review-xue-song-sindhu-victorious/|title=2014 MACAU OPEN BADMINTON GRAND PRIX GOLD – REVIEW: XUE SONG, SINDHU VICTORIOUS|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=1 December 2014|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> === 2015 === Sindhu was almost on verge of victory against [[Li Xuerui]] in [[2015 Badminton Asia Championships|Asian Championships]], but lost 21–11, 19–21, 8–21.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2015/04/24/ahsansetiawan-survive-cliffhanger-dong-feng-citroen-bac-2015-day-4/|title=AHSAN/SETIAWAN SURVIVE CLIFFHANGER – DONG FENG CITROEN BAC 2015 DAY 4|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=24 April 2015|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> At the [[2015 BWF World Championships - Women's singles|2015 World Championships]], she defeated [[Line Kjærsfeldt|Line Højmark Kjærsfeldt]] of Denmark in 1st round after being a game down. She then stunned 3rd seeded [[Li Xuerui]] in Round of 16 and once again reached the quarterfinals of world championships.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2015/08/13/li-xuerui-bites-dust-day-4-session-1/|title=LI XUERUI BITES THE DUST – DAY 4: TOTAL BWF WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS 2015|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com|date=13 August 2015|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> But this time she suffered defeat, against her Korean Opponent [[Sung Ji-hyun]] in a desperately close match 21–17, 19–21, 16–21.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/sports/south-koreas-sung-ji-hyun-ends-p-v-sindhus-run-at-world-championships/articleshow/48481825.cms|title=South Korea's Sung Ji Hyun ends P V Sindhu's run at World Championships|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=14 August 2015|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In October, playing at the [[2015 Denmark Super Series Premier|Denmark Open]], Sindhu reached to her maiden final of a Super Series event. On her route to the final, she defeated three seeded players, namely [[Tai Tzu-ying]], [[Wang Yihan]] and [[Carolina Marin]]. In the final, she lost to the defending champion [[Li Xuerui]] in straight games by 19–21, 12–21.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/Sindhu-ends-runner-up-at-Denmark-Open-Super-Series/articleshow/49442453.cms|title=Sindhu ends runner-up at Denmark Open Super Series|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|date=18 October 2015|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In November, defending champion she won her third successive women's singles title at the [[2015 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold|Macau Open]] Grand Prix Gold after defeating Japan's [[Minatsu Mitani]] in the final by 21–9, 21–23, 21–14.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/other-sports/pv-sindhu-completes-hat-trick-of-macau-open-titles/story-nsllSEcnUJLw33nwZKC71M.html|title=PV Sindhu completes hat-trick of Macau Open titles|website=www.hindustantimes|date=29 November 2015|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She suffered a stress fracture in 2015 that kept her from playing for nearly six months, yet managed to qualify for the 2016 Rio Olympics.<ref>{{Cite web|date=3 August 2020|title=We must get used to playing in empty stadiums, that will happen: Sindhu|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/other-sports/we-must-get-used-to-playing-in-empty-stadiums-that-will-happen-sindhu/story-cwDVclpvyemLULkyOdwV3L.html|access-date=3 August 2020|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last1=Aug 2|first1=Pratyush Raj {{!}} TNN {{!}} Updated|last2=2020|last3=Ist|first3=22:51|title=Reaching final also an achievement: PV Sindhu {{!}} Badminton News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/reaching-final-also-an-achievement-pv-sindhu/articleshow/77319222.cms|access-date=3 August 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> === 2016 === In January, Sindhu won the [[2016 Malaysia Masters Grand Prix Gold|Malaysia Masters]] Grand Prix Gold women's singles title after beating Scotland's [[Kirsty Gilmour]] in the final.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportscafe.in/articles/badminton/2016/jan/24/pv-sindhu-starts-2016-with-a-bang-wins-malaysia-masters|title=PV Sindhu starts 2016 with a bang, wins Malaysia Masters|editor=Debarshee Mitra|website=SportsCafe.in|date=24 January 2016|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=5 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205074250/https://sportscafe.in/articles/badminton/2016/jan/24/pv-sindhu-starts-2016-with-a-bang-wins-malaysia-masters|url-status=dead}}</ref> She had also won this tournament in 2013. She lost a close match at the [[2016 Badminton Asia Championships|Asian Championships]] to Tai Tzu-ying in 2nd round in which she failed to capitalise on the Match point and suffered defeat.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2016/04/29/intanons-winning-run-ends-day-3-dong-feng-citroen-badminton-asia-championships/|title=INTANON'S WINNING RUN ENDS – DAY 3: DONG FENG CITROEN BADMINTON ASIA CHAMPIONSHIPS|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=29 April 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In the [[2016 Premier Badminton League]], she was the captain of [[Chennai Smashers]] team. In the group league, she won all of the five matches to help her team qualify for the semi-final and won the tournament against Mumbai Rockets. At the [[Badminton at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|women's singles event]], at [[Rio Olympics]] Sindhu was seeded 9th in the Draw in Group M. In the group stage, she defeated Hungary's [[Laura Sárosi]] (2–0) and Canada's [[Michelle Li]] (2–1).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/sports/rio-2016-olympics/live-badminton-score-pv-sindhu-women-singles-medal-day-9-2975058|title=PV Sindhu, Rio 2016 Olympics: PV Sindhu clinches win in second group clash|website=indianexpress.com|date=14 August 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Further she ousted [[Tai Tzu-ying]] (2–0) in the round of 16<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/sports/rio-2016-olympics/pv-sindhu-live-badminton-women-singles-pre-quarter-final-match-india-medal-result-video-streaming-day-10-2977530/|title=PV Sindhu enters badminton quarter-final: As it happened|website=indianexpress.com|date=16 August 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> to meet the second seeded [[Wang Yihan]] in the quarterfinals, whom she defeated in straight sets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/sports/indian-shuttler-pv-sindhu-enters-rio-2016-semis-defeats-world-no-2-wang-yihan/story-nV1oIgf25iOAIKsDc3xRqJ.html|title=PV Sindhu enters Rio 2016 semis, defeats World No. 2 Wang Yihan|editor=Sukhwant Basra|date=17 August 2016|access-date=20 August 2016}}</ref> She later faced the Japanese star [[Nozomi Okuhara]] in the semi-finals, won in straight sets, and ensuring a podium finish.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/sports/rio-olympics-2016-how-pv-sindhu-stunned-nozomi-okuhara-with-a-badminton-blitzkrieg-2964664.html|title=Rio Olympics 2016: How PV Sindhu stunned Nozomi Okuhara with a badminton blitzkrieg|editor=Shirish Nadkarni|website=www.firstpost.com|date=19 August 2016|access-date=20 August 2016}}</ref> This set the stage for her final showdown with top seed from Spain, [[Carolina Marín]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/olympics/i-ll-give-my-heart-for-gold-pv-sindhu-after-her-rio-2016-semifinal-victory/story-DG0Y1oJDVuDKwkjVGaTD4N.html|title=I'll give my heart for gold: PV Sindhu after her Rio 2016 semifinal victory|website=www.hindustantimes.com|date=19 August 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Marin managed to beat her in three sets in the 83-minute match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ddinews.gov.in/Sports/Sports%20-%20Top%20Story/Pages/WorldNo1.aspx|title=Carolina Marin stamps class as the World No.1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820142258/http://ddinews.gov.in/Sports/Sports%20-%20Top%20Story/Pages/WorldNo1.aspx|archive-date=20 August 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> With that result, she clinched the silver medal. She charted history of achieving the feat as she is youngest and first female individual to bag an Olympic Silver medal representing India. This was the second instance of podium finish at the Olympics by any Indian badminton player.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/sindhu-settles-for-silver-at-rio-olympics/article9008386.ece|title=Sindhu lends a silver lining to India's Olympic campaign|editor=Kamesh Srinivasan|website=www.thehindu.com|date=19 August 2016|access-date=20 August 2016}}</ref> Sindhu clinched title at the [[2016 China Open Super Series Premier|Thaihot China Open]] beating [[Sun Yu (badminton)|Sun Yu]] scoring 21–11, 17–21, 21–11 & became only Indian player after [[Saina Nehwal]] to do so.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.in/badminton/story/_/id/18092707/badminton-pv-sindhu-wins-china-open-superseries-final|title=Dominant Sindhu wins China Open|website=www.espn.in|date=20 November 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She was also a finalist at the [[2016 Hong Kong Super Series|Hongkong Open]] after going down to [[Tai Tzu-ying]] in straight games.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://taiwantoday.tw/news.php?unit=2,6,10,15,18&post=104488|title=Badminton star Tai Tzu-ying becomes world No. 1 with HK Open victory|website=taiwantoday.tw|date=28 November 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> With her consistent performances, she qualified for [[2016 BWF Super Series Finals|Superseries Finals]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2016/11/29/sindhu-leads-last-minute-dubai-qualifiers/|title=SINDHU LEADS 'LAST-MINUTE' DUBAI QUALIFIERS|editor=Gayle Alleyne|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=29 November 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2016/12/06/womens-singles-qualifiers-dubai-world-superseries-finals/|title=WOMEN'S SINGLES QUALIFIERS: DUBAI WORLD SUPERSERIES FINALS|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=6 December 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She defeated [[Akane Yamaguchi]] (2–1), lost to [[Sun Yu (badminton)|Sun Yu]] (0–2) and won against [[Carolina Marín]] (2–0) in the Group stage. With 2 wins in the group, she reached semi-finals. She was stopped there in semis by [[Sung Ji-hyun]] with score 15–21, 21–18, 15–21.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/field/824457/badminton-pv-sindhu-bows-out-of-dubai-superseries-after-losing-to-sung-ji-hyun-in-semi-final|title=Badminton: PV Sindhu bows out of Dubai Superseries after losing to Sung ji-Hyun in semi-final|website=amp.scroll.in|date=17 December 2016|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In just her first ever appearance in this tournament, she managed to reach semi-final stage. === 2017 === Sindhu won [[2017 Syed Modi International Grand Prix Gold|Syed Modi International]] by beating [[Gregoria Mariska Tunjung]] of Indonesia in Final.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2017/01/30/verma-pusarla-emerge-champions-syed-modi-international-championships-review/|title=Verma, Pusarla Emerge Champions – Syed Modi International Championships: Review|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=30 January 2017|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In the [[2017 India Super Series|India Open Superseries]], she won the title by defeating [[Carolina Marin]] in straight games.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2017/04/02/axelsen-pusarla-on-a-roll-yonex-sunrise-india-open-2017-singles-finals/|title=AXELSEN, PUSARLA ON A ROLL – YONEX-SUNRISE INDIA OPEN 2017: SINGLES FINALS|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=2 April 2017|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In April 2017, she achieved a career-high world ranking of number 2. In the [[2017 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|2017 World Championships]] held in Scotland, she was seeded 4th. In the round of 32, she defeated Korean [[Kim Hyo-min]] in straight games. She survived a difficult challenge from Hongkonger [[Cheung Ngan Yi]] in the next round, beating her in 3 tight games 19–21, 23–21, 21–17. She thereafter eased past [[Sun Yu (badminton)|Sun Yu]] in quarterfinal & another Chinese [[Chen Yufei]] in semi-final both in straight games.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/world-badminton-championships-2017-pv-sindhu-thumps-chen-yufei-to-reach-maiden-final-3978191.html/amp|title=World Badminton Championships 2017: PV Sindhu thumps Chen Yufei to reach maiden final|website=www.firstpost.com|date=27 August 2017|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She had to settle for silver after losing to [[Nozomi Okuhara]] in the finals with scores (19–21, 22–20, 20–22), In a match lasting 110 Minutes thus making it the 2nd longest Women's Singles match in History of Badminton. Her final against Okuhara is widely regarded as one of the best ever women's singles final.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2017/08/28/okuhara-prevails-in-epic-singles-finals-total-bwf-world-championships-2017/|title=OKUHARA PREVAILS IN EPIC – SINGLES FINALS: TOTAL BWF WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS 2017|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com|date=28 August 2017|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Sindhu defeated Okuhara in the final of the [[2017 Korea Open Super Series]] by 22–20, 11–21, 21–18, thereby becoming the first Indian to win [[Korea Open (badminton)|Korea Open]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/korea-open-superseries-pv-sindhu-outlasts-nozomi-okuhara-to-clinch-title-1751342|title=Korea Open Superseries: PV Sindhu Outlasts Nozomi Okuhara To Clinch Title|editor=Dattaraj Thaly|website=NDTVSports.com|date=17 September 2017|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806224956/https://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/korea-open-superseries-pv-sindhu-outlasts-nozomi-okuhara-to-clinch-title-1751342|url-status=dead}}</ref> In August, she took charges as Deputy Collector in [[Krishna District]] in the Chief Commissioner of Land Administration (CCLA) office under the Revenue Department of the Government of [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Sindhu takes charge as Deputy Collector|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/sindhu-takes-charge-as-deputy-collector/article19459741.ece|website=www.thehindu.com|date=10 August 2017|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She set up a repeat clash of last year's final in the [[2017 Hong Kong Super Series|Hongkong Open]], which she again lost to [[Tai Tzu-ying]] in straight games.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/other-sports/story/hong-kong-open-superseries-live-updates-pv-sindhu-tai-tzu-ying-1094433-2017-11-26|title=Hong Kong Open SuperSeries Final: How PV Sindhu was dominated by Tai Tzu Ying|editor=Ritayan Basu|website=www.indiatoday.in|date=26 November 2017|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In the Group stage of [[2017 BWF Super Series Finals|Dubai World Superseries Finals]], she won all of her matches against [[He Bingjiao]] (2–1), [[Sayaka Sato]] (2–0) & [[Akane Yamaguchi]] (2–0). She put her good show against [[Chen Yufei]] (2–0) & reached the final.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/dubai-super-series-finals-pv-sindhu-beats-chen-yufei-to-play-akane-yamaguchi-in-final-1788661%3famp=1&akamai-rum=off|title=Dubai Super Series Finals: PV Sindhu Beats Chen Yufei, To Play Akane Yamaguchi In Final|editor=Joy Tirkey|website=sports.ndtv.com|date=16 December 2017|access-date=31 May 2020}}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> She had another runner-up finish after being defeated by [[Japan]]'s [[Akane Yamaguchi]] 21–15, 12–21, 19–21 in 94 minutes.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2017/12/17/yamaguchi-wins-desert-classic-singles-finals-dubai-world-superseries-finals-2017|website=bwfbadminton.com|title=YAMAGUCHI WINS DESERT CLASSIC – SINGLES FINALS: DUBAI WORLD SUPERSERIES FINALS 2017|editor=Dev Sukumar|date=17 December 2017|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> === 2018 === Sindhu faltered in the final again, this time at her home event, the [[2018 India Open (badminton)|India Open]], where she had Match point in the 3rd game but couldn't convert it and Lost the match to [[Zhang Beiwen]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfworldtour.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2018/02/04/zhangs-finest-moment-finals-yonex-sunrise-india-open-2018/|title=ZHANG'S FINEST HOUR – FINALS: YONEX-SUNRISE INDIA OPEN 2018|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfworldtour.bwfbadminton.com|date=4 February 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> At the [[2018 All England Open|All England Open Championships]], she made it to the top 4, before losing to world number 3 [[Akane Yamaguchi]] in the semi-final with the score 21–19, 19–21, 18–21. This is her best performance at the [[2018 All England Open]].<ref>{{cite news|title=All England Open: PV Sindhu loses to Akane Yamaguchi in epic semi-final|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/all-england-open-pv-sindhu-loses-to-akane-yamaguchi-in-epic-semi-final/articleshow/63349500.cms|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|date=18 March 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She competed at the [[Badminton at the 2018 Commonwealth Games|2018 Commonwealth Games]] in [[Gold Coast, Queensland|Gold Coast]], winning a Gold in the mixed team event<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2018/04/09/golden-day-for-india-day-5-xxi-commonwealth-games/|title=GOLDEN DAY FOR INDIA – DAY 5: XXI COMMONWEALTH GAMES|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=9 April 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> and silver medal in the singles event.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2018/04/16/lee-nehwal-triumphant-finals-xxi-commonwealth-games/|title=LEE, NEHWAL TRIUMPHANT – FINALS: XXI COMMONWEALTH GAMES|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfbadminton.com|date=16 April 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Her Jinx of losing in finals continued after she went down to [[Nozomi Okuhara]] in the final of [[2018 Thailand Open (badminton)|Thailand Open]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfworldtour.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2018/07/15/okuhara-ends-season-jinx-singles-finals-toyota-thailand-open-2018/|title=OKUHARA ENDS SEASON JINX – SINGLES FINALS: TOYOTA THAILAND OPEN 2018|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfworldtour.bwfbadminton.com|date=15 July 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Sindhu was seeded 3rd in the [[2018 BWF World Championships]]. She won her opening encounters against [[Fitriani]] & [[Sung Ji-hyun]] both in straight games. She then faced defending champion [[Nozomi Okuhara]], whom she also defeated with 21–17, 21–19.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2018/08/03/singles-champions-out-day-5-total-bwf-world-championships-2018/|title=SINGLES CHAMPIONS OUT! – DAY 5: TOTAL BWF WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com|date=3 August 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> In the semi-finals, she defeated 2nd seeded [[Akane Yamaguchi]] also in 2 games 21–16, 24–22.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.in/badminton/story/_/id/24281611/as-happened-pv-sindhu-beats-akane-yamaguchi-enter-second-consecutive-world-championship-final%3fplatform=amp|title=As it happened: PV Sindhu beats Akane Yamaguchi to reach the World Championship final|website=www.espn.in|date=4 August 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She won her second consecutive silver medal after losing to [[Carolina Marín]] in finals 19–21, 10–21. This was her total fourth medal at the Worlds.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2018/08/06/king-kento-queen-carolina-singles-finals-total-bwf-world-championships-2018/|title=KING KENTO, QUEEN CAROLINA – SINGLES FINALS: TOTAL BWF WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfworldchampionships.bwfbadminton.com|date=6 August 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Sindhu was seeded 3rd in the [[Badminton at the 2018 Asian Games – Women's singles|2018 Asian Games]]. In the first round, she defeated Vietnamese [[Vu Thi Trang]] in 3 games 21–10, 12–21, 23–21 in a very difficult encounter. She then faced [[Gregoria Mariska Tunjung]] and beat her with 21–12, 21–15 scoreline. She had to again battle to get past Thai [[Nitchaon Jindapol]] in the quarterfinal. She then defeated [[Akane Yamaguchi]] in the semi-final to enter the final round. By losing to world number one [[Tai Tzu-Ying]] in the final, she got the historic first silver medal for India in Women's singles badminton.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/asian-games-2018-pv-sindhu-nets-the-silver-medal-in-badminton/article24799401.ece/|title=Asian Games 2018: P.V. Sindhu nets the silver|editor=Stan Rayan|newspaper=The Hindu|date=28 August 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Sindhu qualified for the [[2018 BWF World Tour Finals]] in the year-end. In the group stage, she defeated defending champion [[Akane Yamaguchi]] (2–0), Top seed [[Tai Tzu Ying]] (2–1) & In her third match, she defeated [[Zhang Beiwen]] comfortably in two games to progress to the semi-finals. In the semi-final she defeated [[Ratchanok Intanon]] (2–0) to reach the final.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bwfworldtourfinals.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2018/12/15/nozomi-v-sindhu-for-gold-day-4-hsbc-bwf-world-tour-finals/|title=NOZOMI V SINDHU FOR GOLD! – DAY 4: HSBC BWF WORLD TOUR FINALS|editor=Gayle Alleyne|website=bwfworldtourfinals.bwfbadminton.com|date=15 December 2018|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> She defeated her arch-rival [[Nozomi Okuhara]] scoring 21–19, 21–17 & became only shuttler from India to claim the Title at the year-end finale.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/pv-sindhu-scripts-history-becomes-1st-indian-to-win-bwf-world-tour-finals-1963332|title=PV Sindhu Scripts History, Becomes 1st Indian To Win BWF World Tour Finals|editor=Santosh Rao|website=NDTVSports.com|date=18 December 2018|access-date=31 May 2020|archive-date=4 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804041659/https://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/pv-sindhu-scripts-history-becomes-1st-indian-to-win-bwf-world-tour-finals-1963332|url-status=dead}}</ref> === 2019–20 === [[ᱨᱮᱫ:P._V._Sindhu_inside_the_cockpit_of_twin-seater_–_HAL’s_Light_Combat_Aircraft_(LCA)_Tejas,_on_the_4th_Day_of_the_Aero_India_–_2019_air_show,_at_Air_Force_Station_Yelahanka,_Bengaluru_on_February_23,_2019.jpg|right|thumb|P. V. Sindhu inside the cockpit of [[HAL Tejas]] at [[Yelahanka Air Force Station|Yelahanka AFS]], Bengaluru.]] Sindhu was bought by the defending champions [[Hyderabad Hunters]] in the PBL auctions 2018 and was named as their skipper.<ref>{{cite news|title=PBL 2018 Auction: Kidambi Srikanth, Saina Nehwal, PV Sindhu Fetch Big Prices {{!}} Badminton News|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/pbl-2018-auction-kidambi-srikanth-saina-nehwal-pv-sindhu-fetch-big-prices-1928727|editor=Samrat Chakraborty|website=NDTVSports.com|date=8 October 2018|access-date=7 December 2019|archive-date=4 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804041703/https://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/pbl-2018-auction-kidambi-srikanth-saina-nehwal-pv-sindhu-fetch-big-prices-1928727|url-status=dead}}</ref> They lost the semi-finals to Mumbai Rockets.<ref>{{cite news|title=PBL 2019: Mumbai Rockets beat Hyderabad Hunters, face Bengaluru Raptors in finals|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/sports/badminton/130119/pbl-mumbai-rockets-bengaluru-raptors-hyderabad-hunters-sameer-verma.html|website=www.deccanchronicle.com|date=13 January 2019|access-date=7 December 2019}}</ref> She competed at the [[Indian National Badminton Championships]] where she reached the final losing to three-time champion [[Saina Nehwal]] 18–21, 15–21.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/badminton/saina-nehwal-beats-pv-sindhu-in-senior-nationals-final-for-second-title-in-a-row-5587223/|title=Saina Nehwal beats PV Sindhu in Senior Nationals final for second title in a row|website=indianexpress.com|date=16 February 2019|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Just before the [[All England Open Badminton Championships|All England Badminton Championships]] she had ended her deal with Yonex and signed a mega-deal with Li-Ning for 4 years worth nearly {{INRConvert|500|m}}. This led to her having a new racket and equipment to which she had to get used to within 2–3 weeks time to debut it at the prestigious [[All England Open Badminton Championships|All England Badminton Championships]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/badminton/story/pv-sindhu-signs-rs-50-crore-sponsorship-deal-with-li-ning-1451295-2019-02-08|title=PV Sindhu signs Rs 50 crore sponsorship deal with Li-Ning|website=www.indiatoday.in/sports|date=8 February 2019|access-date=23 August 2019}}</ref> She reached her first final of the season in the [[Indonesia Open (badminton)|Indonesia Open]], where she lost to [[Akane Yamaguchi]] of Japan 15–21, 16–21.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/sports-news-indonesia-open-2019-final-pv-sindhu-loses-to-akane-yamaguchi-failes-to-capture-maiden-super-1000-title-news-334603|title=Indonesia Open 2019 Final: PV Sindhu Loses To Akane Yamaguchi, Fails To Capture Maiden Super 1000 Title|website=www.outlookindia.com|date=21 July 2019|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> At the [[2019 BWF World Championships - Women's singles|World Championships]], she was seeded fifth. She opened her campaign with a straight sets victories over [[Pai Yu-po]] & [[Zhang Beiwen]] in successive rounds. She impressed everyone with her victory over [[Tai Tzu-ying]]. She defeated Tai, coming from a game down 12–21, 23–21, 21–19 to make the semi-final.<ref>{{cite news|title=BWF World Championships: PV Sindhu assured of 3rd straight medal after stunning Tai Tzu Ying|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/badminton/story/bwf-world-championships-pv-sindhu-beats-world-no-2-tai-tzu-ying-reach-semi-finals-assured-fifth-medal-1590889-2019-08-23|website=www.indiatoday.in|date=23 August 2019|access-date=26 August 2019}}</ref> In the semi-final, she defeated [[Chen Yufei]] in straight sets to enter her third consecutive World Championships final.<ref>{{cite news|title=PV Sindhu reaches 3rd successive World Championships final after outclassing Chen Yu Fei in Basel|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/badminton/story/world-badminton-championship-pv-sindhu-reaches-final-defeat-chen-yufei-1591152-2019-08-24|editor=Akshay Ramesh|website=www.indiatoday.in|date=24 August 2019|access-date=26 August 2019}}</ref> In the final against [[Nozomi Okuhara]], she won 21–7, 21–7. In the process, she became the first Indian to win gold at the championships.<ref>{{cite news|title=PV Sindhu becomes first Indian to win BWF World Championships|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/pv-sindhu-becomes-first-indian-to-win-bwf-world-championships-119082500570_1.html|website=Business Standard|date=25 August 2019|access-date=30 August 2019}}</ref> Despite her ranking as 15th on the World Tour, Sindhu got a wild card entry into the [[2019 BWF World Tour Finals]] because of her World Title victory in August this Year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bwfworldtourfinals.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2019/12/03/meet-the-top-eight-womens-singles|title=MEET THE TOP EIGHT – WOMEN'S SINGLES QUALIFIERS|editor=Dev Sukumar|website=bwfworldtourfinals.bwfbadminton.com|date=3 December 2019|access-date=6 March 2020}}</ref> She competed in World Tour Finals in Guangzhou as a defending champion but failed to reach the knockout phase after losing out to [[Chen Yufei]] (1–2) & [[Akane Yamaguchi]] (1–2) in successive rounds. She finished off as 3rd in the group after defeating [[He Bingjiao]] with score 21–19, 21–19 in her last match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsonair.com/Main-News-Details.aspx?id=375936|title=BWF World Tour Finals: PV Sindhu beats He Bing Jiao for consolation win|website=newsonair.com|date=13 December 2019|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> Pusarla was named the [[BBC]] Indian Sportswoman of Year on 8 March 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/51730452|title=PV Sindhu named BBC Indian Sportswoman of Year|website=www.bbc.com|date=8 March 2020|access-date=8 March 2020}}</ref> In April, she was elected as one of the ambassadors of BWF Committee's campaign – "I am Badminton" to promote clean and fair play in the sport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/badminton/bwf-names-pv-sindhu-as-an-ambassador-for-its-i-am-badminton-campaign-2588063.html|title=BWF Names PV Sindhu as an Ambassador For Its 'I Am Badminton' Campaign|website=www.news18.com|date=22 April 2020|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref> === 2021 === Sindhu reaching her first final in over 18 months, at the [[2021 Swiss Open (badminton)|Swiss Open]], she suffered a demoralising defeat against [[Carolina Marín]], losing 12–21, 5–21.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news|last=PTI|date=7 March 2021|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/pv-sindhu-loses-to-carolina-marin-in-swiss-open-final/articleshow/81379333.cms|title=PV Sindhu loses to Carolina Marin in Swiss Open final|work=The Times of India|access-date=7 March 2021}}</ref> She then was defeated by [[Pornpawee Chochuwong]] of Thailand in the semifinals of the [[2021 All England Open|All England Open]] in straight game losing out in 17–21, 9-21.<ref>{{cite web|last=Berkeley|first=Geoff|title=Chochuwong stuns Sindhu to reach All England Open Badminton Championships final|url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1105682/all-england-open-badminton-day-four|website=www.insidethegames.biz|date=20 March 2021|access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> In May, she was elected as one of the two ambassadors from badminton in the International Olympic Committee's campaign ‘Believe in Sport’ aimed at preventing competition manipulation in the sport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://olympics.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2021/05/03/pusarla-v-sindhu-and-michelle-li-appointed-ambassadors-for-iocs-believe-in-sport-campaign/|title=PUSARLA V.SINDHU AND MICHELLE LI APPOINTED AMBASSADORS FOR IOC'S 'BELIEVE IN SPORT' CAMPAIGN|website=olympics.bwfbadminton.com|publisher=Badminton World Federation|date=3 May 2021|access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref> Sindhu was seeded 6th in the upcoming Tokyo Olympic Games. She won both of her group matches against Israel's [[Ksenia Polikarpova]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/sport/pv-sindhu-makes-winning-start-at-tokyo-olympics-beats-israel-shuttler-ksenia-polikarpova/702565/%3famp|title=PV Sindhu makes winning start at Tokyo Olympics, beats Israel shuttler Ksenia Polikarpova|website=The Print|date=25 July 2021|access-date=1 August 2021}}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and Hong Kong China's representative [[Cheung Ngan Yi]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/olympics-2020/tokyo-olympics-pv-sindhu-beats-cheung-ngan-yi-in-straight-games-enters-pre-quarterfinals-2496532%3famp=1&akamai-rum=off|title=Tokyo Olympics: PV Sindhu Beats Cheung Ngan Yi In Straight Games, Enters Pre-Quarterfinals|website=NDTV Sports|date=28 July 2021|access-date=1 August 2021}}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> to progress towards the knockout stage. She defeated [[Mia Blichfeldt]] in round of sixteen and reached the quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/olympics/tokyo-2020-pv-sindhu-vs-mia-blichfeldt-last-16-report-7427641/lite/|title=Tokyo 2020: PV Sindhu beats Mia Blichfeldt in straight games to enter quarters|website=Indianexpress|date=29 July 2021|access-date=1 August 2021}}</ref> She displayed a dominating display to outmanoeuvre [[Akane Yamaguchi]] 21–13, 22–20, placing herself in last four stage.<ref>{{cite web|first=Abhishek|last=Purohit|url=https://olympics.com/en/news/tokyo-2020-olympics-india-badminton-pv-sindhu-quarter-final-akane-yamaguchi|title=PV Sindhu overcomes a fighting Akane Yamaguchi to enter Tokyo Olympics semi-finals|website=Olympics|date=30 July 2021|access-date=1 August 2021}}</ref> Her opponent for semifinal was second seed [[Tai Tzu-ying]]. Sindhu, who was yet to drop a game in the tournament fell against Taiwan's player in two straight games 18–21, 12–21.<ref>{{cite web|first=Dev|last=Sukumar|url=https://olympics.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2021/07/31/tai-puts-on-a-show/|title=TAI PUTS ON A SHOW|website=Badminton World Federation|date=31 July 2021|access-date=1 August 2021}}</ref> She later won against [[He Bingjiao]] of China in playoff to clinch bronze medal and thereby becoming only the fourth player in Women's singles badminton to claim two medals at the two consecutive Olympic games.<ref>{{cite web|first=James|last=Kuanal|url=https://www.insidesport.co/tokyo-olympics-badminton-super-sindhu-claims-another-olympic-medal-thrashes-chinas-he-bingjiao-21-13-21-15-to-win-bronze-in-tokyo/|title=Tokyo Olympics Badminton: Super Sindhu claims another Olympic medal, thrashes China’s He BingJiao 21-13, 21-15 to win bronze in Tokyo|website=Inside Sports|date=1 August 2021|access-date=1 August 2021}}</ref> == Endorsements == An Economic Times report published in March 2017, noted that she is second only to Indian cricket captain [[Virat Kohli]] when it comes to earnings from each day of brand endorsements. Sindhu charges brands anywhere between {{INRConvert|10|m}} and {{INRConvert|12.5|m}} for a single day of endorsement-related activities.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/advertising/pv-sindhu-is-now-the-no-2-player-in-endorsements/articleshow/57484544.cms|title=PV Sindhu is now the no. 2 player in endorsements|last=Bhushan|first=Ratna|date=6 March 2017|work=The Economic Times|access-date=23 August 2019}}</ref> Sindhu has endorsement deals with [[JBL]], [[Bridgestone|Bridgestone Tyres]], sports drink [[Gatorade]], pain reliever ointment Moov, online fashion store [[Myntra]], e-commerce portal [[Flipkart]], phone maker [[Nokia]] and electronics major [[Panasonic]]. She also endorses [[Stayfree]], health drink Boost, honey producer APIS Himalaya, herbal health drink firm Ojasvita and the [[Bank of Baroda]]. She is also a brand ambassador for both the [[Central Reserve Police Force]] and Vizag Steel.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/olympics/45268565|title=PV Sindhu: How India's Olympic badminton star became a sponsors' dream on £126,000 a week|date=22 August 2018|access-date=23 August 2019|language=en-GB}}</ref> In February 2019, it was announced that Sindhu had signed a four-year sports sponsorship deal for {{INRConvert|500|m}} with Chinese sports brand [[Li-Ning|Li Ning]]. Her deal is one of the biggest in world badminton.{{Citation needed|date=December 2019}} She reportedly will get {{INRConvert|400|m}} as sponsorship while the rest of the money will be for equipment. This was Li-Ning's second stint with Sindhu, who was with them for two years in 2014-2015 for a sum of {{INRConvert|12.5|m}} a year. In 2016, she was back with Yonex for a {{INRConvert|35|m}} per year contract for a period of three years.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/badminton/story/pv-sindhu-signs-rs-50-crore-sponsorship-deal-with-li-ning-1451295-2019-02-08|title=PV Sindhu signs Rs 50 crore sponsorship deal with Li-Ning|agency=Press Trust of India|work=India Today|language=en|date=8 February 2019|access-date=23 August 2019}}</ref> == Honours == * Honoured with [[Padma Bhushan]] Award, the third-highest civilian award in [[India]], in January 2020. * Honoured with [[Padma Shri]] Award, the fourth highest civilian award in [[India]], in March 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in/?Year=2015-2015&Award=Padma%20Shri&Field=Sports|title=Padma Shree for P.V.Sindhu in 2015-|website=www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in|access-date=4 August 2021|archive-date=7 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807005547/http://www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in/?Year=2015-2015&Award=Padma%20Shri&Field=Sports|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sindhu nominated for Padma Bhusan|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/pv-sindhu-nominated-for-padma-bhushan-award-by-sports-ministry/302183|website=outlookindia.com|publisher=The Outlook India|access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> * Received [[Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna]] Award, the highest sporting honour of [[India]], on 29 August 2016<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=149084|title=Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award for P.V.Sindhu in 2016-|website=www.pib.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=President presents Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award to four athletes|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/President-presents-Rajiv-Gandhi-Khel-Ratna-Award-to-four-athletes/article14596452.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=27 January 2019|date=29 August 2016|last1=Desk|first1=Internet}}</ref> * Bestowed with [[Arjuna Award]] for badminton on 24 September 2013<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sportsauthorityofindia.nic.in/showfile.asp?link_temp_id=560|title=Arjuna Award for P.V.Sindhu in 2013-|website=www.sportsauthorityofindia.nic.in|access-date=4 August 2021|archive-date=8 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808121806/http://www.sportsauthorityofindia.nic.in/showfile.asp%3Flink_temp_id%3D560|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=PV Sindhu receives Arjuna award|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/PV-Sindhu-receives-Arjuna-award/articleshow/23000165.cms|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|publisher=TOI|access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> == Achievements == === Olympic Games === ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#F3E6D7" | align="center" |[[Badminton at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|2016]] | align="left" |[[Riocentro|Riocentro – Pavilion 4]], [[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil | align="left" |{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Carolina Marín]] | align="left" |21–19, 12–21, 15–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Silver_medal.svg|16x16px]] '''Silver''' |- style="background:#F3E6D7" | align="center" |[[Badminton at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|2020]] | align="left" |[[Musashino Forest Sports Plaza]], [[Tokyo]], Japan | align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[He Bingjiao]] | align="left" |21–13, 21–15 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Bronze_medal.svg|16x16px]] '''Bronze''' |} === BWF World Championships === ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#F3E6D7" | align="center" |[[2013 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|2013]] | align="left" |[[Tianhe Sports Center]], [[Guangzhou]], China | align="left" |{{flagicon|THA}} [[Ratchanok Intanon]] | align="left" |10–21, 13–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_3.png|Bronze]] '''Bronze''' |- style="background:#F3E6D7" | align="center" |[[2014 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|2014]] | align="left" |[[Ballerup Super Arena]], [[Copenhagen]], Denmark | align="left" |{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Carolina Marín]] | align="left" |17–21, 15–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_3.png|Bronze]] '''Bronze''' |- style="background:#F3E6D7" | align="center" |[[2017 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|2017]] | align="left" |[[Commonwealth Arena and Sir Chris Hoy Velodrome|Emirates Arena]], [[Glasgow]], Scotland | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Nozomi Okuhara]] | align="left" |19–21, 22–20, 20–22 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_2.png|Silver]] '''Silver''' |- style="background:#F3E6D7" | align="center" |[[2018 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|2018]] | align="left" |[[Nanjing Youth Olympic Sports Park]], [[Nanjing]], China | align="left" |{{flagicon|ESP}} Carolina Marín | align="left" |19–21, 10–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_2.png|Silver]] '''Silver''' |- style="background:#F3E6D7" | align="center" |[[2019 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|2019]] | align="left" |[[St. Jakobshalle]], [[Basel]], Switzerland | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} Nozomi Okuhara | align="left" |21–7, 21–7 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_1.png|Gold]] '''Gold''' |} === Asian Games === ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#FFB069" | align="center" |[[Badminton at the 2018 Asian Games – Women's singles|2018]] | align="left" |[[Istora Gelora Bung Karno]], [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | align="left" |{{flagicon|TPE}} [[Tai Tzu-ying]] | align="left" |13–21, 16–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_2.png|Silver]] '''Silver''' |} === Asian Championships === ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#ECF2FF" | align="center" |[[2014 Badminton Asia Championships|2014]] | align="left" |Gimcheon Indoor Stadium, [[Gimcheon|Gimcheon, South Korea]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Wang Shixian]] | align="left" |21–15, 20–22, 12–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_3.png|Bronze]] '''Bronze''' |} === Commonwealth Games === ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#FFE4B5" | align="center" |[[Badminton at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Women's singles|2014]] | align="left" |[[Emirates Arena]], [[Glasgow, Scotland]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|MAS}} [[Tee Jing Yi]] | align="left" |23–21, 21–9 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_3.png|Bronze]] '''Bronze''' |- style="background:#FFE4B5" | align="center" |[[Badminton at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Women's singles|2018]] | align="left" |[[Carrara Sports and Leisure Centre]], [[Gold Coast, Queensland|Gold Coast, Australia]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|IND}} [[Saina Nehwal]] | align="left" |18–21, 21–23 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_2.png|Silver]] '''Silver''' |} === South Asian Games === ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#FFAAAA" | align="center" |[[Badminton at the 2016 South Asian Games|2016]] | align="left" |Multipurpose Hall SAI–SAG Centre, [[Shillong]], [[India]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|IND}} [[Gadde Ruthvika Shivani]] | align="left" |11–21, 20–22 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_2.png|Silver]] '''Silver''' |} === Commonwealth Youth Games === ''Girls' singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#FFE4B5" | align="center" |[[Badminton at the 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games|2011]] | align="left" |[[National Sports Centre (Isle of Man)|National Sports Centre]], [[Douglas, Isle of Man]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|MAS}} [[Soniia Cheah Su Ya]] | align="left" |22–20, 21–8 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_1.png|Gold]] '''Gold''' |} === Asian Junior Championships === ''Girls' Singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#AABBCC" | align="center" |[[2011 Asian Junior Badminton Championships|2011]] | align="left" |Babu Banarasi Das Indoor Stadium, [[Lucknow, India]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Sun Yu (badminton)|Sun Yu]] | align="left" |21–13, 12–21, 10–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_3.png|Bronze]] '''Bronze''' |- style="background:#AABBCC" | align="center" |[[2012 Asian Junior Badminton Championships|2012]] | align="left" |Gimcheon Indoor Stadium, [[Gimcheon|Gimcheon, South Korea]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Nozomi Okuhara]] | align="left" |18–21, 21–17, 22–20 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Med_1.png|Gold]] '''Gold''' |} === BWF World Tour (1 title, 4 runners-up) === The BWF World Tour, which was announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018,<ref>{{cite web|last=Alleyne|first=Gayle|title=BWF Launches New Events Structure|url=http://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2017/03/19/bwf-launches-new-event-structure/|website=bwfbadminton.com|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|date=19 March 2017|access-date=29 November 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201164159/http://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2017/03/19/bwf-launches-new-event-structure/|archive-date=1 December 2017}}</ref> is a series of elite badminton tournaments sanctioned by the [[Badminton World Federation]] (BWF). The BWF World Tours are divided into levels of World Tour Finals, Super&nbsp;1000, Super&nbsp;750, Super&nbsp;500, Super&nbsp;300 (part of the HSBC World Tour), and the BWF Tour Super&nbsp;100.<ref>{{cite web|last=Sukumar|first=Dev|title=Action-Packed Season Ahead!|url=http://bwfworldtour.com/news-single/2018/01/10/action-packed-season-ahead/|website=bwfbadminton.com|publisher=Badminton World Federation|date=10 January 2018|access-date=15 January 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113162925/http://bwfworldtour.com/news-single/2018/01/10/action-packed-season-ahead/|archive-date=13 January 2018}}</ref> ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Tournament !Level !Opponent !Score !Result |- | align="center" |[[2018 India Open (badminton)#Finals 2|2018]] | align="left" |[[India Open]] | align="left" |Super 500 | align="left" |{{flagicon|USA}} [[Beiwen Zhang]] | align="left" |18–21, 21–11, 20–22 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- | align="center" |[[2018 Thailand Open (badminton)#Finals 2|2018]] | align="left" |[[Thailand Open (badminton)|Thailand Open]] | align="left" |Super 500 | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Nozomi Okuhara]] | align="left" |15–21, 18–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- | align="center" |[[2018 BWF World Tour Finals#Finals 2|2018]] | align="left" |[[BWF World Tour Finals]] | align="left" |World Tour Finals | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} Nozomi Okuhara | align="left" |21–19, 21–17 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- | align="center" |[[2019 Indonesia Open (badminton)#Finals 2|2019]] | align="left" |[[Indonesia Open (badminton)|Indonesia Open]] | align="left" |Super 1000 | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Akane Yamaguchi]] | align="left" |15–21, 16–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- | align="center" |[[2021 Swiss Open (badminton)#Finals 2|2021]] | align="left" |[[Swiss Open (badminton)|Swiss Open]] | align="left" |Super 300 | align="left" |{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Carolina Marín]] | align="left" |12–21, 5–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |} === BWF Superseries (3 titles, 4 runners-up) === The BWF Superseries, which was launched on 14 December 2006 and implemented in 2007,<ref>{{cite web|title=BWF Launches Super Series|url=http://www.badminton.org.au/index.php?id=22&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=136&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=2&cHash=26fb36d8a5|website=Badminton Australia|date=15 December 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006123828/http://www.badminton.org.au/index.php?id=22&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=136&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=2&cHash=26fb36d8a5|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 October 2007}}</ref> was a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by the [[Badminton World Federation]] (BWF). BWF Superseries levels were [[BWF Superseries|Superseries and Superseries Premier]]. A season of Superseries consistde of twelve tournaments around the world that had been introduced since 2011.<ref>{{cite web|title=Yonex All England Elevated To BWF Premier Super Series Event|url=http://www.ibadmintonstore.com/iBADMINTONstore-News/Yonex-All-England-Elevated-To-BWF-Premier-Super-Se.aspx|website=www.ibadmintonstore.com|access-date=29 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002005757/http://www.ibadmintonstore.com/iBADMINTONstore-News/Yonex-All-England-Elevated-To-BWF-Premier-Super-Se.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 October 2013}}</ref> Successful players were invited to the Superseries Finals, which were held at the end of each year. ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Tournament !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#DAA520" | align="center" |[[2015 Denmark Super Series Premier#Finals 2|2015]] | align="left" |[[Denmark Open]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Li Xuerui]] | align="left" |19–21, 12–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- style="background:#DAA520" | align="center" |[[2016 China Open Super Series Premier#Finals 2|2016]] | align="left" |[[China Open (badminton)|China Open]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Sun Yu (badminton)|Sun Yu]] | align="left" |21–11, 17–21, 21–11 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#FFFFCC" | align="center" |[[2016 Hong Kong Super Series#Finals 2|2016]] | align="left" |[[Hong Kong Open (badminton)|Hong Kong Open]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|TPE}} [[Tai Tzu-ying]] | align="left" |15–21, 17–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- style="background:#FFFFCC" | align="center" |[[2017 India Super Series#Finals 2|2017]] | align="left" |[[India Open]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Carolina Marín]] | align="left" |21–19, 21–16 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#FFFFCC;" | align="center" |[[2017 Korea Open Super Series#Finals 2|2017]] | align="left" |[[Korea Open (badminton)|Korea Open]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Nozomi Okuhara]] | align="left" |22–20, 11–21, 21–18 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#FFFFCC" | align="center" |[[2017 Hong Kong Super Series#Finals 2|2017]] | align="left" |Hong Kong Open | align="left" |{{flagicon|TPE}} Tai Tzu-ying | align="left" |18–21, 18–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- style="background:#B0C4DE" | align="center" |[[2017 BWF Super Series Finals#Finals 2|2017]] | align="left" |[[BWF Super Series Finals|Dubai World Superseries Finals]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Akane Yamaguchi]] | align="left" |21–15, 12–21, 19–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |} : {{Color box|#B0C4DE|border=darkgray}} [[BWF Superseries Finals]] tournament : {{Color box|#DAA520|border=darkgray}} [[BWF Superseries|BWF Superseries Premier]] tournament : {{Color box|#FFFFCC|border=darkgray}} [[BWF Superseries]] tournament === BWF Grand Prix (6 titles, 3 runners-up) === The BWF Grand Prix had two levels, the [[BWF Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold]]. It was a series of badminton tournaments sanctioned by the [[Badminton World Federation]] (BWF) which was held from 2007 to 2017. ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Tournament !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#D4F1C5" | align="center" |[[2011 Dutch Open Grand Prix#Finals 2|2011]] | align="left" |[[Dutch Open (badminton)|Dutch Open]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|NED}} [[Yao Jie]] | align="left" |16–21, 17–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- style="background:#FFFF67" | align="center" |[[2012 India Open Grand Prix Gold#Finals 2|2012]] | align="left" |[[Syed Modi International Badminton Championships|India Grand Prix Gold]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Lindaweni Fanetri]] | align="left" |15–21, 21–18, 18–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- style="background:#FFFF67" | align="center" |[[2013 Malaysia Grand Prix Gold#Finals 2|2013]] | align="left" |[[Malaysia Masters|Malaysia Grand Prix Gold]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|SIN}} [[Gu Juan]] | align="left" |21–17, 17–21, 21–19 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#FFFF67" | align="center" |[[2013 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold#Finals 2|2013]] | align="left" |[[Macau Open Badminton Championships|Macau Open]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Michelle Li]] | align="left" |21–15, 21–12 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#FFFF67" | align="center" |[[2014 India Open Grand Prix Gold|2014]] | align="left" |India Grand Prix Gold | align="left" |{{flagicon|IND}} [[Saina Nehwal]] | align="left" |14–21, 17–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- style="background:#FFFF67" | align="center" |[[2014 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold|2014]] | align="left" |Macau Open | align="left" |{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Kim Hyo-min]] | align="left" |21–12, 21–17 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#FFFF67" | align="center" |[[2015 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold|2015]] | align="left" |Macau Open | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Minatsu Mitani]] | align="left" |21–9, 21–23, 21–14 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#FFFF67" | align="center" |[[2016 Malaysia Masters Grand Prix Gold|2016]] | align="left" |Malaysia Masters | align="left" |{{flagicon|SCO}} [[Kirsty Gilmour]] | align="left" |21–15, 21–9 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#FFFF67" | align="center" |[[2017 Syed Modi International Grand Prix Gold#Finals 2|2017]] | align="left" |Syed Modi International | align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Gregoria Mariska Tunjung]] | align="left" |21–13, 21–14 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |} : {{Color box|#D4F1C5|border=darkgray}} [[BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix|BWF Grand Prix]] tournament : {{Color box|#FFFF67|border=darkgray}} [[BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix|BWF Grand Prix Gold]] tournament === BWF International Challenge/Series (4 titles, 1 runner-up) === ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" !Year !Tournament !Opponent !Score !Result |- style="background:#D8CEF6" | align="center" |2010 | align="left" |[[Iran Fajr International]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Rie Eto (badminton)|Rie Eto]] | align="left" |14–21, 24–26 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |- style="background:#D8CEF6" | align="center" |2011 | align="left" |[[Maldives International]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|IND}} [[P. C. Thulasi]] | align="left" |21–11, 21–16 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#D8CEF6" | align="center" |2011 | align="left" |[[Indonesia International]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Fransisca Ratnasari]] | align="left" |21–16, 21–11 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#D8CEF6" | align="center" |2011 | align="left" |[[Swiss International (badminton)|Swiss International]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|GER}} [[Carola Bott]] | align="left" |21–11, 21–11 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |- style="background:#D8CEF6" | align="center" |2011 | align="left" |[[Tata Open India International]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|IND}} [[Sayali Gokhale]] | align="left" |21–10, 20–22, 21–11 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}}'''Winner''' |} : {{Color box|#D8CEF6|border=darkgray}} [[BWF International Challenge]] tournament : {{Color box|#D5D5D5|border=darkgray}} [[BWF International Series]] tournament === Invitational tournament === ''Women's singles'' {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" !Year !Tournament !Opponent !Score !Result |- |- style="background:#F5F5F5" | align="center" |[[2015 Copenhagen Masters|2015]] | align="left" |[[Copenhagen Masters]] | align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Line Kjærsfeldt]] | align="left" |12–21, 19–21 | style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{silver2}}'''Runner-up''' |} == Career overview == {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! Singles ! Played ! Wins ! Losses ! Balance |- | align=left | '''Total''' | 488 | 341 | 147 | '''+194''' |- | align=left | '''Current year''' (2021) | 12 | 7 | 5 | '''+2''' |} {{col-2}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! Doubles ! Played ! Wins ! Losses ! Balance |- | align=left | '''Total''' | 24 | 14 | 10 | '''+4''' |- | align=left | '''Current year''' (2021) | 0 | 0 | 0 | '''0''' |} {{col-end}} : ''<nowiki>*</nowiki> Statistics were last updated on 7 March 2021.''<ref>{{cite web|title=PUSARLA V. Sindhu – Career overview|url=http://bwfbadminton.com/player/73173/pusarla-v-sindhu|website=bwfbadminton.com|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=4 February 2021}}</ref> === Singles performance timeline === {{Performance key (badminton)}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! width="260" |Tournament !2009 !2010 !2011 !2012 !2013 !2014 !2015 !2016 !2017 ![[2018 BWF World Tour|2018]] ![[2019 BWF World Tour|2019]] ![[2020 BWF World Tour|2020]] ![[2021 BWF World Tour|2021]] ! width="40" |{{Tooltip|SR|Strike Rate}} !Best |- | colspan="20" style="text-align:center;" |'''[[Badminton World Federation|BWF events]]''' |- | align="left" |'''[[BWF World Junior Championships]]''' | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2009 BWF World Junior Championships|2R]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2010 BWF World Junior Championships|'''QF''']] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2011 BWF World Junior Championships|3R]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | colspan="7" style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|N/A|Not Applicable}} |'''0/3''' | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |'''QF''' ('10) |- | align="left" |'''[[BWF World Championships]]''' | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | bgcolor="#cd7f32" |[[2013 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|B]] | bgcolor="#cd7f32" |[[2014 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|B]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2015 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|QF]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | bgcolor="silver" |[[2017 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|'''S''']] | bgcolor="silver" |[[2018 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|'''S''']] | bgcolor="gold" |[[2019 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|'''G''']] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''1/6''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''G''' ('19) |- | align="left" |'''[[Badminton at the Summer Olympics|Olympics]]''' | colspan="3" style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} |{{Tooltip|DNQ|Did not qualify}} | colspan="3" style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | bgcolor="silver" |[[Badminton at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|'''S''']] | colspan="3" style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | bgcolor="#cd7f32" |[[Badminton at the 2020 Summer Olympics - Women's singles|'''B''']] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} |'''0/2''' | bgcolor="silver" |'''S''' ('16) |- ! colspan="10" |'''[[BWF Super Series|BWF Superseries]] / [[BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix|Grand Prix]]''' ! colspan="6" |'''[[BWF World Tour]]''' |- | align="left" |[[Swiss Open (badminton)|Swiss Open]] | colspan="2" style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|N/A|Not Applicable}} |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2012 Swiss Open Grand Prix Gold|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2013 Swiss Open Grand Prix Gold|2R]] | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2014 Swiss Open Grand Prix Gold|SF]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="ffebcd" |[[2016 Swiss Open Grand Prix Gold|QF]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2021 Swiss Open (badminton)|'''F''']] |'''0/5''' | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |'''F''' ('21) |- | align="left" |[[German Open (badminton)|German Open]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |1R<ref>{{cite web|title=YONEX German Open GPG 2012: Draws: WS|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=596D798E-F45C-45AA-9A03-305480068147&draw=4|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=2 February 2016}}</ref> | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="ffebcd" |[[2016 German Open Grand Prix Gold|'''QF''']] | bgcolor="" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | colspan="2" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | colspan="2" style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} |'''0/2''' | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |'''QF''' ('16) |- | align="left" |[[All England Open Badminton Championships|All England Open]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2012 All England Super Series Premier|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2013 All England Super Series Premier|2R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2014 All England Super Series Premier|1R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="afeeee" |[[2016 All England Super Series Premier|1R]] | bgcolor="ffebcd" |[[2017 All England Super Series Premier|QF]] | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2018 All England Open|'''SF''']] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2019 All England Open|1R]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2020 All England Open|QF]] | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2021 All England Open|'''SF''']] |'''0/9''' | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |'''SF''' ('18, '21) |- | align="left" |[[Malaysia Masters]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2012 Malaysia Open Grand Prix Gold|SF]] | bgcolor="00FF00" |[[2013 Malaysia Grand Prix Gold|'''W''']] | bgcolor="" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2015 Malaysia Masters Grand Prix Gold|SF]] | bgcolor="00FF00" |[[2016 Malaysia Masters Grand Prix Gold|'''W''']] | bgcolor="" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="" |[[2018 Malaysia Masters (badminton)|{{Tooltip|w/d|Withdrew}}]] | bgcolor="" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2020 Malaysia Masters|QF]] | |'''2/5''' | bgcolor="00FF00" |'''W''' ('13, '16) |- | align="left" |[[Australian Open (badminton)|Australian Open]] | colspan="5" style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|N/A|Not Applicable}} | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2014 Australian Super Series|'''QF''']] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2015 Australian Super Series|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2016 Australian Super Series|1R]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2017 Australian Super Series|'''QF''']] |N.P | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2019 Australian Open (badminton)|2R]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''0/5''' | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |'''QF''' ('14, '17) |- | align="left" |[[India Open]] |Q2<ref>{{cite web|title=Yonex Sunrise India Open 2009: Draws: WS – Qualification|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=72F1F101-544B-4C1F-B8BE-11BB3296ADE8&draw=4|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=2 February 2016}}</ref> | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2010 India Open Grand Prix Gold|2R]]<ref>{{cite web|title=INDIA GRAND PRIX GOLD 2010: Draws: WS|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=CD5E57C3-91F4-402A-9434-E2ABFB0CBC91&draw=3|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=2 February 2016}}</ref> | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2011 India Super Series|1R]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2012 India Super Series|QF]] | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2013 India Super Series|SF]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2014 India Super Series|1R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2016 India Super Series|QF]] | bgcolor="00FF00" |[[2017 India Super Series|'''W''']] | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2018 India Open (badminton)|F]] | bgcolor="FFFF00" |[[2019 India Open (badminton)|SF]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''1/8''' | bgcolor="00FF00" |'''W''' ('17) |- | align="left" |[[Malaysia Open (badminton)|Malaysia Open]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} |Q1<ref>{{cite web|title=MAYBANK Malaysia Open Presented by PROTON: Draws: WS – Qualification|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=15C0786F-0C76-474B-845E-15D5FD591223&draw=3|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=4 February 2016}}</ref> | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2013 Malaysia Super Series|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2014 Malaysia Super Series Premier|2R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2016 Malaysia Super Series Premier|QF]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2017 Malaysia Super Series Premier|1R]] | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2018 Malaysia Open (badminton)|'''SF''']] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2019 Malaysia Open (badminton)|R2]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} |[[2021 Malaysia Open (badminton)|Q]] |'''0/7''' | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |'''SF''' ('18) |- | align="left" |[[Singapore Open (badminton)|Singapore Open]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2012 Singapore Super Series|1R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2014 Singapore Super Series|QF]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="afeeee" |[[2016 Singapore Super Series|2R]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2017 Singapore Super Series|QF]] |N.P | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2019 Singapore Open (badminton)|'''SF''']] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} |[[2021 Singapore Open|Q]] |'''0/5''' | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |'''SF''' ('19) |- | align="left" |[[Indonesia Masters]] | colspan="6" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2015 Indonesian Masters Grand Prix Gold|'''QF''']] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|N/A|Not Applicable}} | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2018 Indonesia Masters (badminton)|'''QF''']] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2019 Indonesia Masters (badminton)|'''QF''']] | bgcolor="AFEEEE" |[[2020 Indonesia Masters|2R]] | |'''0/4''' | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |'''QF''' ('15, '18, '19) |- | align="left" |[[Indonesia Open (badminton)|Indonesia Open]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2012 Indonesia Super Series Premier|2R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2014 Indonesia Super Series Premier|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2015 Indonesia Super Series Premier|1R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2017 Indonesia Super Series Premier|2R]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2018 Indonesia Open (badminton)|QF]] | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2019 Indonesia Open (badminton)|'''F''']] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''0/6''' | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |'''F''' ('19) |- | rowspan="2" align="left" |[[Thailand Open (badminton)|Thailand Open]] | colspan="3" rowspan="2" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2012 Thailand Open Grand Prix Gold|2R]] | colspan="5" rowspan="2" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | rowspan="2" bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2018 Thailand Open (badminton)|'''F''']] | rowspan="2" bgcolor="" |[[2019 Thailand Open (badminton)|{{Tooltip|w/d|Withdrew}}]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2020 Yonex Thailand Open|1R]] | rowspan="2" style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | rowspan="2" |'''0/4''' | rowspan="2" bgcolor="D8BFD8" |'''F''' ('18) |- | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2020 Toyota Thailand Open|QF]] |- | align="left" |[[Korea Open (badminton)|Korea Open]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} |Q2<ref>{{cite web|title=Victor Korea Open 2012: Draws: WS – Qualification|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=3677C337-B11D-4E8A-B0D9-F7181D73A7EF&draw=3|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=4 February 2016}}</ref> | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2013 Korea Open Super Series Premier|2R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2015 Korea Open Super Series|2R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="00FF00" |[[2017 Korea Open Super Series|'''W''']] |N.P | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2019 Korea Open (badminton)|1R]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''1/5''' | bgcolor="00FF00" |'''W''' ('17) |- | align="left" |[[Taipei Open (badminton)|Taipei Open]] | colspan="6" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2015 Chinese Taipei Open Grand Prix Gold|'''2R''']] | colspan="4" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''0/1''' | bgcolor="#afeeee" |'''2R''' ('15) |- | align="left" |[[Vietnam Open (badminton)|Vietnam Open]] | colspan="2" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |'''QF<ref>{{cite web|title=Yonex Sunrise Vietnam Grand Prix Open 2011: Draws: WS|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=4B7F4E4E-4EB6-4A33-8655-78FC3FC91D5E&draw=4|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=2 February 2016}}</ref>''' | colspan="8" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''0/1''' | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |'''QF''' ('11) |- | align="left" |[[China Open (badminton)|China Open]] | colspan="2" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} |Q2<ref>{{cite web|title=Li Ning China Open 2011: Draws: WS – Qualification|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=91BC911B-E50D-4FFA-9211-33938FCD4A19&draw=3|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=4 February 2016}}</ref> | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2012 China Open Super Series Premier|1R]] | colspan="2" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2015 China Open Super Series Premier|2R]] | bgcolor="Gold" |'''[[2016 China Open Super Series Premier|W]]''' | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2017 China Open Super Series Premier|QF]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2018 China Open (badminton)|QF]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2019 China Open (badminton)|2R]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''1/7''' | bgcolor="00FF00" |'''W''' ('16) |- | align="left" |[[Japan Open (badminton)|Japan Open]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2012 Japan Super Series|2R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2013 Japan Super Series|2R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2015 Japan Super Series|1R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2017 Japan Super Series|2R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2018 Japan Open (badminton)|2R]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2019 Japan Open (badminton)|'''QF''']] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''0/6''' | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |'''QF''' ('19) |- | align="left" |[[Syed Modi International Badminton Championships|Syed Modi International]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2009 India Open Grand Prix|QF]]<ref>{{cite web|title=JAYPEE CUP SYED MODI MEMORIAL INDIA GRAND PRIX 2009: Draws: WS|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=F7BADB96-E905-4E8B-8B9D-A89A779D4790&draw=2|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=3 February 2016}}</ref> | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2010 India Grand Prix|SF]]<ref>{{cite web|title=India Grand Prix 2010: Draws: WS|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=244B9415-DA84-43A2-8550-ED8B0A1267C6&draw=3|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=3 February 2016}}</ref> | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2011 India Open Grand Prix Gold|2R]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Yonex – Sunrise Syed Modi Memorial India Open Grand Prix Gold: Draws: WS|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=B958ADE2-68D5-422F-BBFB-7248E8752124&draw=4|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=3 February 2016}}</ref> | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2012 India Open Grand Prix Gold|F]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2014 India Open Grand Prix Gold|F]] | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2015 Syed Modi International Grand Prix Gold|SF]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2016 Syed Modi International Grand Prix Gold|2R]] | bgcolor="00FF00" |[[2017 Syed Modi International Grand Prix Gold|'''W''']] | bgcolor="" |[[2018 Syed Modi International|{{Tooltip|w/d|Withdrew}}]] | bgcolor="" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''1/8''' | bgcolor="00FF00" |'''W''' ('17) |- | align="left" |[[Dutch Open (badminton)|Dutch Open]] | colspan="2" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |'''F<ref>{{cite web|title=Yonex Dutch Open 2011: Draws: WS|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=60389B26-7D2A-4EFC-831F-5D94C1BB1911&draw=3|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=4 February 2016}}</ref>''' | colspan="8" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''0/1''' | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |'''F''' ('11) |- | align="left" |[[Denmark Open]] | colspan="4" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2013 Denmark Super Series Premier|1R]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2014 Denmark Super Series Premier|QF]] | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2015 Denmark Super Series Premier|'''F''']] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2016 Denmark Super Series Premier|2R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2017 Denmark Super Series Premier|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2018 Denmark Open|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2019 Denmark Open|2R]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | |'''0/7''' | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |'''F''' ('15) |- | align="left" |[[French Open (badminton)|French Open]] | colspan="4" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2013 French Super Series|2R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2014 French Super Series|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2015 French Super Series|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2016 French Super Series|2R]] | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2017 French Super Series|'''SF''']] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2018 French Open (badminton)|QF]] | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2019 French Open (badminton)|QF]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''0/7''' | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |'''SF''' ('17) |- | align="left" |[[Macau Open Badminton Championships|Macau Open]] | colspan="4" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="00FF00" |[[2013 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold|'''W''']] | bgcolor="00FF00" |[[2014 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold|'''W''']] | bgcolor="00FF00" |[[2015 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold|'''W''']] | colspan="4" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''3/3''' | bgcolor="00FF00" |'''W''' ('13, '14, '15) |- | align="left" |[[Fuzhou China Open]] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |[[2012 China Masters Super Series|'''SF''']] | colspan="3" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="ffebcd" |[[2016 China Masters Grand Prix Gold|QF]] |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} | bgcolor="#ffebcd" |[[2018 Fuzhou China Open|QF]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2019 Fuzhou China Open|1R]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''0/3''' | bgcolor="FFFF00;" |'''SF''' ('12) |- | align="left" |[[Hong Kong Open (badminton)|Hong Kong Open]] | colspan="2" |{{Tooltip|A|Absent}} |Q2<ref>{{cite web|title=Yonex Sunrise Hong Kong Open 2011: Draws: WS – Qualification|url=https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/draw.aspx?id=6ADDD331-4C98-4B84-A2ED-3F0B93881018&draw=3|publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]|access-date=4 February 2016}}</ref> | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2012 Hong Kong Super Series|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2013 Hong Kong Super Series|1R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2014 Hong Kong Super Series|2R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2015 Hong Kong Super Series|1R]] | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2016 Hong Kong Super Series|'''F''']] | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2017 Hong Kong Super Series|'''F''']] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2018 Hong Kong Open (badminton)|2R]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2019 Hong Kong Open (badminton)|2R]] | style="color:#ccc" |{{Tooltip|NH|Not Held}} | |'''0/9''' | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |'''F''' ('16,'17) |- | align="left" |[[BWF Super Series Finals|Superseries]]/[[World Tour Finals]] | colspan="7" |{{Tooltip|DNQ|Did not qualify}} | bgcolor="FFFF00" |[[2016 BWF Super Series Finals|SF]] | bgcolor="D8BFD8" |[[2017 BWF Super Series Finals|F]] | bgcolor="00FF00" |[[2018 BWF World Tour Finals|'''W''']] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2019 BWF World Tour Finals|RR]] | bgcolor="#afeeee" |[[2020 BWF World Tour Finals|RR]] | |'''1/5''' | bgcolor="00FF00" |'''W''' ('18) |- style="background:#fffaaa;" | align="left" |'''Year-end ranking''' |255 |151 |31 |19 |11 |11 |12 |6 |3 |3 |6 |7 | | |2 |} == Record against selected opponents == Record against Year-end Finals finalists, World Championships semi-finalists, and Olympic quarter-finalists. Accurate as of [[Badminton at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|1 August 2021]].{{col-begin}} {{col-break}} {| class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:small" |- ! rowspan="2" | Players ! rowspan="2" | Matches ! colspan="2" | Results ! rowspan="2" | Difference |- ! Won ! Lost |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Chen Yufei]] | 10 || 6 || 4 || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | +2 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|CHN}} [[He Bingjiao]] | 16 || 7 || 9 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –2 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Li Xuerui]] | 7 || 4 || 3 || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | +1 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Wang Lin (badminton)|Wang Lin]] | 1 || 0 || 1 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –1 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Wang Shixian]] | 10 || 4 || 6 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –2 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Wang Yihan]] | 7 || 3 || 4 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –1 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|TPE}} [[Tai Tzu-ying]] | 19 || 5 || 14 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –9 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|DEN}} [[Tine Baun]] | 1 || 0 || 1 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –1 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|GER}} [[Juliane Schenk]] | 2 || 0 || 2 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –2 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|HKG}} [[Yip Pui Yin]] | 4 || 4 || 0 || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | +4 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|IND}} [[Saina Nehwal]] | 4 || 1 || 3 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –2 |} {{col-break}} {| class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:small" ! rowspan="2" | Players ! rowspan="2" | Matches ! colspan="2" | Results ! rowspan="2" | Difference |- ! Won ! Lost |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|INA}} [[Lindaweni Fanetri]] | 10 || 8 || 2 || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | +6 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Minatsu Mitani]] | 5 || 3 || 2 || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | +1 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Nozomi Okuhara]] | 17 || 9 || 8 || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | +1 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Akane Yamaguchi]] | 19 || 12 || 7 || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | +5 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|KOR}} [[An Se-young]] | 1 || 0 || 1 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –1 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Bae Yeon-ju]] | 5 || 1 || 4 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –3 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Sung Ji-hyun]] | 17 || 9 || 8 || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | +1 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Carolina Marín]] | 14 || 5 || 9 || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –4 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|THA}} [[Porntip Buranaprasertsuk]] | 10 || 6 || 4 || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | +2 |- | align="left" | {{flagicon|THA}} [[Ratchanok Intanon]] | 11 || 4 || 7<!-- Do NOT change this to lower number as their clash of World junior championships in 2009 is not included in bwf site, which was won by Intanon --> || bgcolor="#ffddee" | –3 |} {{col-end}} == Personal life == Sindhu has been employed with [[Bharat Petroleum]] since July 2013, as an assistant sports manager with their Hyderabad office. Following her silver-medal win at the Rio Olympics, she was promoted to deputy sports manager. She was appointed as the first brand ambassador of [[Bridgestone|Bridgestone India]].<ref name="BPCL">{{cite news|title=BPCL announces Rs 75 lakh cash award, promotion for P V Sindhu|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/bpcl-announces-rs-75-lakh-cash-award-promotion-for-p-v-sindhu-116082000493_1.html|access-date=20 August 2016|work=Business Standard|date=20 August 2016}}</ref> She was appointed as the Deputy Collector (Group-I) by the Andhra Pradesh government in July 2017, which she took charge later in August.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=9 August 2017|title=PV Sindhu takes charge as Deputy Collector in Andhra Pradesh government|work=Hindustan Times|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/other-sports/pv-sindhu-takes-charge-as-deputy-collector-in-andhra-pradesh-government/story-dku5XszT2ykMS1cebSJz3L.html|access-date=24 July 2021}}</ref> She was the flag bearer for the [[India at the 2018 Commonwealth Games|Indian contingent]] in the opening ceremony of the [[2018 Commonwealth Games]].<ref>{{cite news|title=PV Sindhu leads India's contingent at CWG 2018 Parade of Nations|url=https://zeenews.india.com/other-sports/pv-sindhu-leads-indias-contingent-at-cwg-2018-parade-of-nations-2096456.html|access-date=19 May 2019|work=Zee News|date=4 April 2018|language=en}}</ref> == Awards and recognition == === National === * [[Padma Bhushan]], Third Highest Civilian Award of India (2020). * [[Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna]], highest sporting honour of India (2016)<ref>{{cite web|title=Rajiv khel ratna|url=http://www.news18.com/news/olympics/pv-sindhu-sakshi-malik-dipa-karmakar-and-jitu-rai-to-get-khel-ratna-1284250.html|publisher=news 18.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823170430/http://www.news18.com/news/olympics/pv-sindhu-sakshi-malik-dipa-karmakar-and-jitu-rai-to-get-khel-ratna-1284250.html|archive-date=23 August 2016|access-date=2 February 2017|date=22 August 2016}}</ref> * [[Padma Shri]], the fourth highest civilian award of India (2015)<ref name="pdma">{{cite web|title=Padma Awards 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128022143/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=114952|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=114952|publisher=Press Information Bureau|access-date=25 January 2015|archive-date=28 January 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[Arjuna Award]] (2013)<ref>{{cite news|title=Arjuna Award for Virat Kohli, PV Sindhu; Ronjan Sodhi gets Khel Ratna|url=http://sports.ndtv.com/othersports/news/212289-arjuna-for-kohli-sindhu-sodhi-gets-khel-ratna|access-date=18 August 2016|work=NDTV Sports|date=13 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518085331/http://sports.ndtv.com/othersports/news/212289-arjuna-for-kohli-sindhu-sodhi-gets-khel-ratna|archive-date=18 May 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Others === * [[FICCI]] Breakthrough Sportsperson of the Year 2014<ref>{{cite news|title=FICCI announces the Winners of India Sports Awards for 2014|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/ficci-announces-the-winners-of-india-sports-awards-for-2014/|work=IANS|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|access-date=14 February 2014}}</ref> * [[NDTV Indian of the Year]] 2014<ref>{{cite news|title=Amjad Ali Khan, Satish Gujral honored with NDTV Indian of the Year Award|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/04/amjad-ali-khan-satish-gujral-honored-with-ndtv-indian-of-the-year-award/|work=IANS|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|access-date=29 April 2014}}</ref> * {{INRConvert|1|m}} from the Badminton Association of India, for her victory in the 2015 [[Macau Open Badminton Championships]].<ref>{{cite news|title=BAI announces cash award of Rs. 10 lakh for Sindhu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/bai-announces-cash-award-of-rs-10-lakh-for-sindhu/article7933094.ece|access-date=18 August 2016|work=The Hindu|date=30 November 2015}}</ref> * {{INRConvert|500|k}} from the Badminton Association of India, for her victory in the 2016 [[Malaysia Masters]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Badminton Association of India Awards PV Sindhu Rs 5 lakh for winning Malaysia Masters|url=http://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/news/254762-badminton-association-of-india-awards-pv-sindhu-rs-5-lakh-for-winning-malaysia-masters|access-date=18 August 2016|work=NDTV Sports|date=24 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127063110/http://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/news/254762-badminton-association-of-india-awards-pv-sindhu-rs-5-lakh-for-winning-malaysia-masters|archive-date=27 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> * TV9 Nava Nakshatra Sanmanam - 2019<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXT9tl_tt7w|title=PV Sindhu on TV9 Nava Nakshatra Sanmanam|website=Youtube|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref> * [[BBC Indian Sportswoman of the Year Award|BBC Indian Sportswoman of the Year]] 2020<ref name="PV Sindhu wins BBC award - TOI">{{cite news|title=PV Sindhu wins 'BBC Indian Sportswoman of the Year' award|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/pv-sindhu-wins-bbc-indian-sportswoman-of-the-year-award/articleshow/74544221.cms|work=The Times of India|publisher=Times Internet|access-date=31 January 2021|date=9 March 2020}}</ref> ; Rewards for winning the silver medal at the 2016 Rio Summer Olympics * {{INRConvert|50|m}}, and a [[land grant]] from the [[Government of Telangana]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://english.sakshi.com/telangana/2016/08/20/telangana-govt-announces-rs-5-cr-to-pv-sindhu-rs-1-cr-to-gopichand|title=Telangana Govt Announces Rs 5 cr to PV Sindhu, Rs 1 cr to Gopichand|website=Sakshipost}}</ref> * {{INRConvert|30|m}}, a Group A cadre job(Deputy Collector of Andhra Pradesh)<ref>{{cite news|title=P V Sindhu appointed dy collector in AP|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/625014/p-v-sindhu-appointed-dy.html|access-date=1 February 2021|work=Deccan Herald|date=27 July 2017|language=en}}</ref> and 1000 yd² land grant from the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/sports/rio-olympics-2016/andhra-pradesh-government-to-reward-sindhu-with-rs-3-cr-cash-prize-and-government-job_1920794.html|title=Andhra Pradesh government to reward Sindhu with Rs 3 cr cash prize and government job|date=20 August 2016|website=Zee News}}</ref><ref name="rivalry">{{cite news|title=How rivalry between Andhra and Telangana has enriched PV Sindhu by crores|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/olympics/how-rivalry-between-andhra-and-telangana-has-enriched-pv-sindhu-by-crores/story-TQhA4fA7Wj2XaUaeA1HPdJ.html|access-date=20 August 2016|work=Hindustan Times|date=20 August 2016}}</ref> * {{INRConvert|20|m}} from the [[Government of Delhi]].<ref name="indianexpress.com">{{cite news|title=PV Sindhu lauded with gifts: From BMW to Rs 2.05 crore and land|url=https://indianexpress.com/sports/rio-2016-olympics/from-bmw-to-rs-1-60-crore-and-land-its-raining-gifts-for-rio-star-pv-sindhu-2985893/|access-date=1 February 2021|work=The Indian Express|date=23 August 2016|language=en}}</ref> * {{INRConvert|7.5|m}} from her employer, [[Bharat Petroleum Corporation]], with promotion from assistant to deputy sports manager.<ref name="BPCL" /> * {{INRConvert|5|m}} from the [[Government of Haryana]].<ref name="rivalry" /> * {{INRConvert|5|m}} from the [[Government of Madhya Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Rio Olympics: Madhya Pradesh government announces reward for PV Sindhu silver medal|url=https://www.abplive.in/sports/rio-olympics-madhya-pradesh-government-announces-reward-for-pv-sindhu-silver-medal-401636|access-date=1 February 2021|work=ABP Live|date=19 August 2016|language=en|archive-date=26 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826104732/https://www.abplive.in/sports/rio-olympics-madhya-pradesh-government-announces-reward-for-pv-sindhu-silver-medal-401636|url-status=dead}}</ref> * {{INRConvert|5|m}} from the [[Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports]].<ref name="rivalry" /> * {{INRConvert|5|m}} from [[Badminton Association of India]]<ref name="indianexpress1">{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/sports/rio-2016-olympics/from-bmw-to-rs-1-60-crore-and-land-its-raining-gifts-for-rio-star-pv-sindhu-2985893/|title=PV Sindhu lauded with gifts: From BMW to Rs 2.05 crore and land|date=19 August 2016|work=Indian Express|access-date=20 August 2016}}</ref> * {{INRConvert|5|m}} from NRI businessman, Mukkattu Sebastian<ref name="nricafe">{{cite web|url=http://www.siasat.com/news/rio-2016-dubai-based-indian-businessman-announces-cash-prize-sindhu-sakshi-1004515/|title=Rio 2016: Dubai based indian man announces cash prize|date=21 August 2016|access-date=21 August 2016}}</ref> * {{INRConvert|3|m}} from the [[Indian Olympic Association]].<ref name="rivalry" /> * {{INRConvert|500|k}} from [[All India Football Federation]].<ref name="indianexpress1" /> * [[BMW]] car from the Hyderabad District Badminton Association and as well as Indian cricketer Sachin Tendulkar<ref name="indianexpress.com" /> * {{INRConvert|101|k}} from [[Salman Khan]], for qualifying as an Olympic participant.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rio Olympics 2016: Salman Khan to present Rs 1 lakh cheque to each Indian athelete|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/rio-olympics-2016-salman-khan-to-present-rs-1-lakh-cheque-to-each-indian-athelete-2981351/|access-date=18 August 2016|work=The Indian Express|date=17 August 2016}}</ref> * Miniature badminton racquet memento with gold and diamond from [[Kirtilals]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oneindia.com/sports/pv-sindhu-honoured-with-miniature-gold-diamond-racquet-2199333.html|title=PV Sindhu honoured with miniature gold, diamond racquet|publisher=Oneindia.in|access-date=3 September 2016|work=One India|date=2 September 2016}}</ref> ; For winning the bronze medal at the 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics * {{INRConvert|3|m}} from the Government of India.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sharma|first=Nitin|date=12 July 2021|title=Rs 6 crore or Rs 25 lakh for Olympics gold? Home state key to cash prize|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/olympics/rs-6-crore-or-rs-25-lakh-for-olympics-gold-home-state-key-to-cash-prize-7400117/|work=Indian Express|location=|access-date=1 August 2021}}</ref> * {{INRConvert|5|m}} from the [[Government of Telangana]].<ref>{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.-->|date=7 July 2021|title=Telangana sports minister felicitates Tokyo-bound players, officials|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/tokyo-olympics/indiatokyo/telangana-sports-minister-felicitates-tokyo-bound-players-officials/articleshow/84206205.cms|work=The Times of India|location=|access-date=1 August 2021}}</ref> == See also == * [[Badminton in India]] * [[India national badminton team]] * [[Gopichand Badminton Academy]] == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == {{Commons category}} * {{BWF|0BF2D10A-66EB-4B90-BB4B-3F70D4ADAD99}} * {{Sports-Reference}} * {{IMDb name}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101025135109/http://www.olympicgoldquest.in/ogq/athletes/PVsindhu.htm P.&nbsp;V. Sindhu] at [[Olympic Gold Quest]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100805072833/http://www.pgba.in/sindhu_pro.html P.&nbsp;V. Sindhu] at [[Gopichand Badminton Academy]] * [http://www.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/player.aspx?id=E0382EBA-4B51-4391-B38F-49D9FD058B5A&player=235 P.&nbsp;V. Sindhu] at tournamentsoftware.com {{Olympic medalists for India}} {{Footer World Champions Badminton Singles Women}} {{Footer BWF World Tour Finals Champions Badminton Singles Women}} {{Top ten badminton players}} {{Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Awardees}} {{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Sports}} {{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 2020–2029}} {{Badminton in India}} {{Authority control}} ksronojqo10nn9jz9nhj9m86gh3tenx 0 18191 193059 189673 2026-06-20T16:11:24Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱳᱣᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱫᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ<br/>Commonwealth of The Bahamas | native_name = | common_name = ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ | image_flag = Flag of the Bahamas.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of the Bahamas.svg | national_motto = "Forward, Upward, Onward, Together" | national_anthem = "[[March On, Bahamaland]]"<div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">{{center|[[File:National anthem of the Bahamas.oga]]}}</div> | royal_anthem = "[[God Save the Queen]]"<ref>{{citation|page=59|title=The World Factbook|year=2012|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_World_Factbook/ZAv6-0rGsW8C}}</ref><br /> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:United States Navy Band - God Save the King.oga]]</div> | image_map = The Bahamas on the globe (Americas centered).svg | image_map2 = | capital = [[ᱱᱟᱥᱟᱣ]] | coordinates = {{Coord|25|4|N|77|20|W|type:city}} | largest_city = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ | official_languages = [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]]<!---NOTE: Just English, don't add "Bahamian English"---> | languages_type = [[:en:Vernacular language|ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] | languages = [[:en:Bahamian English|ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]]{{ref label|bahoffbox|a}} | ethnic_groups = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |90.6% [[Afro-Bahamian|Black]] |4.7% [[White Bahamian|White]] |2.1% [[Mixed Race|Mixed]] |1.9% [[Demographics of the Bahamas#Ethnic groups|Others]] |0.7% Unspecified<ref name="cia.gov"/><ref name="statistics">[http://statistics.bahamas.gov.bs/download/095261300.pdf Bahamas Department of Statistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151209035543/http://statistics.bahamas.gov.bs/download/095261300.pdf |date=2015-12-09 }}, PDF document retrieved 20 April 2014.</ref> }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2010 | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |95.8% [[Christianity]] |—80.0% [[Protestantism]] |—15.8% Other [[List of Christian denominations|Christian]] |3.1% [[Irreligion|No religion]] |1.1% Others }} | religion_year = 2010 | religion_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/bahamas#/?affiliations_religion_id=11&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All+Countries&restrictions_year=2015|title=Religions in Bahamas – PEW-GRF|website=www.globalreligiousfutures.org|access-date=8 April 2018|archive-date=16 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016214732/http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/bahamas#/?affiliations_religion_id=11&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All+Countries&restrictions_year=2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> | demonym = [[Bahamians|Bahamian]] | government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]] <br />[[constitutional monarchy]]<ref name="A12">{{cite web |title=•GENERAL SITUATION AND TRENDS |work=[[Pan American Health Organization]] |url=http://www.paho.org/english/dd/ais/cp_044.htm}}</ref><ref name="A13">{{cite news |title= Mission to Long Island in the Bahamas |work= Evangelical Association of the Caribbean |url= http://www.caribbeanevangelical.org/newsevents/oldarticles.htm?id=82 |access-date= 2021-11-07 |archive-date= 2016-03-04 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083539/http://www.caribbeanevangelical.org/newsevents/oldarticles.htm?id=82 |url-status= dead }}</ref><!--(end nowrap:)-->}} | leader_title1 = [[Monarchy of the Bahamas|Monarch]] | leader_name1 = [[Elizabeth II]] | leader_title2 = {{nowrap|[[Governor-General of the Bahamas|Governor-General]]}} | leader_name2 = [[Cornelius A. Smith|Sir Cornelius A. Smith]] | leader_title3 = [[Prime Minister of the Bahamas|Prime Minister]] | leader_name3 = [[Philip "Brave" Davis|Philip Davis]] | legislature = [[Parliament of the Bahamas|Parliament]] | upper_house = [[Senate of the Bahamas|Senate]] | lower_house = [[House of Assembly of the Bahamas|House of Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[Independence]] | sovereignty_note = from the [[United Kingdom]] | established_event1 = Declaration of Independence | established_date1 = 10 July 1973<ref name="bbc_Bahamas">{{cite news |date=9 July 1973 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/9/newsid_2498000/2498835.stm |title=1973: Bahamas' sun sets on British Empire |work=BBC News |access-date=1 May 2009 }}</ref> | area_km2 = 13,878 | area_rank = 155th <!-- Should match the list it links to--> | area_sq_mi = 5358 <!-- Do not remove [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = 28% | population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Bahamas}}{{UN_Population|ref}} | population_census = 351,461 | population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}} | population_estimate_rank = 177th | population_census_year = 2010 | population_density_km2 = 25.21 | population_density_sq_mi = 63.5 <!-- Do not remove [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | population_density_rank = 181st | GDP_PPP = $12.612 billion<ref name="imf2">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=19&pr.y=16&sy=2017&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=313&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |access-date=25 April 2019}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2018 | GDP_PPP_rank = 148th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $33,494<ref name="imf2"/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 40th | GDP_nominal = $12.803 billion<ref name="imf2"/> | GDP_nominal_year = 2018 | GDP_nominal_rank = 130th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $34,102<ref name="imf2"/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 26th | Gini = | Gini_year = | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.814 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2019 <!--Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 58th | currency = [[Bahamian dollar]] (BSD) | time_zone = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]] | utc_offset = −5 | utc_offset_DST = −4 | time_zone_DST = [[Eastern Daylight Time|EDT]] | drives_on = left | calling_code = [[Area code 242|+1 242]] | iso3166code = BS | cctld = [[.bs]] | footnote_a = {{note|bahoffbox}}Also referred to as ''Bahamian dialect'' or ''Bahamianese''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/BS/languages|title=Bahamas|website=Ethnologue}}</ref> }} '''ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ''', ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ '''ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱳᱣᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱫᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ''', ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ|ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱣᱮᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱡ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱩᱠᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱩᱠᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱙᱗% ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱘᱘% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ]] ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱤᱣᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱤᱥᱯᱟᱱᱤᱭᱳᱞᱟ]] ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ, [[ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ|ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱷᱞᱳᱨᱤᱰᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱱᱟᱥᱟᱣ]]᱾ ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== ==ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ==ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ== ==ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ== ==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ== ==ᱦᱮᱡᱥᱮᱱ== ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Sister project links|voy=Bahamas|ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ}} * {{Official website|http://www.bahamas.gov.bs}} * {{Wikiatlas|Bahamas}} * [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bahamas-the/ Bahamas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126031906/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bahamas-the/ |date=2021-01-26 }}. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114547/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/bahamas.htm The Bahamas] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{Curlie|Regional/Caribbean/Bahamas}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1154642.stm The Bahamas] from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=BS Key Development Forecasts for The Bahamas] from [[International Futures]] * [http://collections.lib.uwm.edu/cdm4/results.php?CISORESTMP=results.php&CISOVIEWTMP=item_viewer.php&CISOMODE=thumb&CISOGRID=thumbnail%2CA%2C1%3Btitle%2CA%2C1%3Boption%2CA%2C0%3Bdescri%2C200%2C0%3Bnone%2CA%2C0%3B20%3Btitle%2Cnone%2Cnone%2Cnone%2Cnone&CISOBIB=title%2CA%2C1%2CN%3Boption%2CA%2C0%2CN%3Bdescri%2C200%2C0%2CN%3Bnone%2CA%2C0%2CN%3Bnone%2CA%2C0%2CN%3B20%3Btitle%2Cnone%2Cnone%2Cnone%2Cnone&CISOTHUMB=20+%284x5%29%3Btitle%2Cnone%2Cnone%2Cnone%2Cnone&CISOTITLE=20%3Btitle%2Cnone%2Cnone%2Cnone%2Cnone&CISOHIERA=20%3Bdescri%2Ctitle%2Cnone%2Cnone%2Cnone&CISOSUPPRESS=1&CISOOP1=all&CISOFIELD1=countr&CISOROOT=%2Fagdm&CISOBOX1=Bahamas Maps of the Bahamas from the American Geographical Society Library] * [https://dloc.com/AA00076890/00001/allvolumes ''The Nassau Guardian''] newspaper, 1849–1922, as [[Open Access]] from the [[Digital Library of the Caribbean]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱫᱤᱯ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ== jvlyxruqipiv3g9fcdrxqgg6tv4u08c 0 18511 193062 159952 2026-06-20T16:27:25Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ | native_name = | native_name_lang = | other_name = | settlement_type = [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | image_skyline = {{Photomontage |size = 250 |photo1a = Brigade Road.jpg |photo1b = Nandi Temple Bangalore 5-11-2008 12-13-27 PM.JPG |photo2a = Vidhana Soudha, front (01).jpg |photo2b = Bangalore_Palace_,_Main_Entrance.jpg |photo3a = Bangalore skyline (7121517855).jpg }} | image_alt = | image_caption = Clockwise from top-left: Brigade Road at night, [[Dodda Basavana Gudi]], [[Bangalore Palace]], Skyline of Bangalore, [[Vidhana Soudha]] | nickname = | image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes |frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center |text= '''ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ''' |type=shape |id=Q806463 |stroke-colour=#C60C30 |stroke-width=2 |title= ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ |type2=line|id2=Q1185|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Karnataka }} | map_alt = | map_caption = ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | coordinates = {{coord|12.970214|N|77.56029|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}} | subdivision_type1 = ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ]] | established_title = <!-- ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ --> | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | seat_type = ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ | seat = [[ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ]] | parts_type = ᱛᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ | parts = ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ, [[ᱠᱮᱱᱜᱮᱨᱤ]], [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟ]], [[ᱭᱮᱞᱚᱦᱚᱸᱠᱟ]], [[ᱟᱱᱮᱠᱚᱞ]] | government_type = | governing_body = | leader_title = ᱰᱤᱯᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨ | leader_name = ᱠᱮ.ᱥᱨᱤᱱᱤᱵᱟᱥ, I.A.S | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = <ref name=census1/> | area_total_km2 = 2,196 | area_rank = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_total = 9,621,551 | population_as_of = ᱒᱐᱑᱑ | population_footnotes = <ref name=census1>[https://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/242-bangalore.html Bangalore (Bengaluru) District Population Census 2011, Karnataka literacy sex ratio and density]</ref> | population_density_km2 = auto | population_rank = ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ) | population_demonym = | demographics_type1 = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ | demographics1_title1 = ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ | demographics1_info1 = [[ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ]] | demographics1_title2 = ᱨᱚᱲ | demographics1_info2 = [[ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | utc_offset1 = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐ | postal_code_type = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --> | postal_code = | registration_plate = * ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ KA-01 * ᱯᱟᱪᱮ KA-02 * ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ KA-03 * ᱠᱚᱧᱮ KA-04 * ᱮᱛᱚᱢ KA-05 * Western Suburbs: [[ᱠᱮᱱᱜᱮᱨᱤ]] KA-41 * Northern Suburbs: [[ᱭᱮᱞᱚᱦᱚᱸᱠᱟ]] KA-50 * Southern Suburbs: [[ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ]] KA-51 * Eastern Suburbs: [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟ]] KA-53 * ᱥᱟᱱᱴᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ KA-57 * ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨᱟ KA-59 | website = | footnotes = | official_name = ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ }} '''ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ''' ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ '''ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bengaluruurban.nic.in/en/|title=District Bengaluru Urban, Government of Karnataka &#124; Silicon Valley of India &#124; India}}</ref>''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱨᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ([[ᱵᱮᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ|ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ]]), ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ (ᱠᱮᱱᱜᱮᱨᱤ), ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ (ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱩᱨᱟ), ᱭᱮᱞᱚᱦᱚᱸᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱮᱠᱚᱞ ᱾{{Citation needed|reason=Reliable source needed for the whole sentence|date=November 2020}} ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱗ ᱦᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱥ, ᱖᱖᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱᱤᱠᱥ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱱᱮᱠᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖,᱕᱓᱗,᱑᱒᱔ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱘᱘.᱑᱑% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Census GIS India |url=http://www.censusindiamaps.net/page/India_WhizMap/IndiaMap.htm |access-date=25 November 2021 |archive-date=25 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425105619/http://www.censusindiamaps.net/page/India_WhizMap/IndiaMap.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱙,᱖᱒᱑,᱕᱕᱑ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱙᱐᱘ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ/ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱔,᱓᱗᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-06/bangalore/29387924_1_bangalore-today-population-dakshina-kannada | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105042324/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-06/bangalore/29387924_1_bangalore-today-population-dakshina-kannada | url-status=dead | archive-date=5 November 2012 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Girls are still scarce in IT City | date=6 April 2011}}</ref> ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== ===ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ=== {{Weather box |collapsed = |location = ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ |metric first = Y |single line = Y |Jan high C = 27 |Feb high C = 29.6 |Mar high C = 32.4 |Apr high C = 33.6 |May high C = 32.7 |Jun high C = 29.2 |Jul high C = 27.5 |Aug high C = 27.4 |Sep high C = 28 |Oct high C = 27.7 |Nov high C = 26.6 |Dec high C = 25.9 |year high C = 29 |Jan low C = 15.1 |Feb low C = 16.6 |Mar low C = 19.2 |Apr low C = 21.5 |May low C = 21.2 |Jun low C = 19.9 |Jul low C = 19.5 |Aug low C = 19.4 |Sep low C = 19.3 |Oct low C = 19.1 |Nov low C = 17.2 |Dec low C = 15.6 |year low C = 18.6 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 2.7 |Feb rain mm = 7.2 |Mar rain mm = 4.4 |Apr rain mm = 46.3 |May rain mm = 119.6 |Jun rain mm = 80.6 |Jul rain mm = 110.2 |Aug rain mm = 137 |Sep rain mm = 194.8 |Oct rain mm = 180.4 |Nov rain mm = 64.5 |Dec rain mm = 22.1 |Jan rain days = 0.2 |Feb rain days = 0.5 |Mar rain days = 0.4 |Apr rain days = 3 |May rain days = 7 |Jun rain days = 6.4 |Jul rain days = 8.3 |Aug rain days = 10 |Sep rain days = 9.3 |Oct rain days = 9 |Nov rain days = 4 |Dec rain days = 1.7 |Jan sun = 263.5 |Feb sun = 248.6 |Mar sun = 272.8 |Apr sun = 258 |May sun = 241.8 |Jun sun = 138 |Jul sun = 111.6 |Aug sun = 114.7 |Sep sun = 144 |Oct sun = 173.6 |Nov sun = 189 |Dec sun = 210.8 |source 1 = WMO<ref name= WMO >{{cite web | url = http://www.worldweather.org/066/c00523.htm | title = Bengaluru | access-date = 21 March 2010 | publisher = [[World Meteorological Organisation]]| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100406084804/http://www.worldweather.org/066/c00523.htm| archive-date= 6 April 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> |source 2 = HKO (sun only, 1971–1990)<ref name= HKO >{{cite web | url = http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/asia/india/bangalore_e.htm | title = Climatological Information for Bengaluru, India | access-date = 4 May 2011 | publisher = [[Hong Kong Observatory]] | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120118112518/http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/asia/india/bangalore_e.htm | archive-date = 18 January 2012 | url-status = dead }}</ref> |date = August 2010 }} ==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ== {{historical populations|11=1901|12=3,94,794|13=1911|14=4,28,228|15=1921|16=4,80,675|17=1931|18=5,90,218|19=1941|20=7,38,393|21=1951|22=12,53,542|23=1961|24=14,99,333|25=1971|26=21,97,347|27=1981|28=34,95,566|29=1991|30=48,39,162|31=2001|32=65,37,124|33=2011|34=96,21,551|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}} ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱙,᱖᱒᱑,᱕᱕᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> ᱵᱮᱞᱟᱨᱩᱥ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱾<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Belarus 9,577,552 July 2011 est. | archive-date = 27 September 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ (ᱜᱩᱴ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ) ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name=districtcensus/> ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱔,᱓᱗᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱑,᱓᱔᱐/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name=districtcensus/> ᱒᱐᱐᱑ᱼ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱖.᱖᱘% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=districtcensus/> ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱐᱘ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ,<ref name=districtcensus/> ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱘.᱔᱘% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=districtcensus/> ᱜᱮᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱓.᱔᱖% ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑.᱙᱘% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=districtcensus/> {{bar box |title=ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ (᱒᱐᱑᱑)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community - Karnataka|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW29C-01%20MDDS.XLS|publisher=Census of India}}</ref> |titlebar=#Fcd116 |left1=ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ |right1=ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱲᱟ |float=left |bars= {{bar percent|[[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]]|darkorange|80.29}} {{bar percent|[[ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ]]|green|12.97}} {{bar percent|[[ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ]]|dodgerblue|5.25}} {{bar percent|[[ᱡᱳᱭᱱᱳ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱡᱮᱭᱱ]]|brown|0.86}} {{bar percent|ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ|black|0.63}} }} {{Pie chart |caption = ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ (᱒᱐᱑᱑) |label1 = [[ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ]] |value1 = 44.47 |color1 = mediumblue |label2 = [[ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ]] |value2 = 15.20 |color2 = royalblue |label3 = [[ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ]] |value3 = 13.99 |color3 = aqua |label4 = [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]] |value4 = 12.11 |color4 = green |label5 = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]] |value5 = 4.55 |color5 = orange |label6 = [[ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ]] |value6 = 2.94 |color6 = cornflowerblue |label7 = [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ]] |value7 = 1.92 |color7 = red |label8 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |value8 =4.82 |color8 = gray }} ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ, ᱔᱔.᱔᱗% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ]], ᱑᱕.᱒᱐% ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ]], ᱑᱓.᱙᱙% [[ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ]], ᱑᱒.᱑᱑% ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]], ᱔.᱕᱕%ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]], ᱒.᱙᱔% ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ]] ᱟᱨ ᱑.᱙᱒% ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2900.XLSX |website=census.gov.in|publisher=Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner}}</ref> ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{commons category|ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}} *[https://bengaluruurban.nic.in/en/ Official website of Bangalore Urban District] {{Geographic location |Centre = ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ |North = [[ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] |Northeast = |East = |Southeast = [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ]] |South = |Southwest = [[ᱨᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] |West = |Northwest = }} {{Karnataka topics}} {{DEFAULTSORT:ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ]] qqiso9sw0d417ngz8l3p5lppaqpw03f 0 18608 193051 188016 2026-06-20T15:14:37Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ | common_name = ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ | native_name = {{collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:normal;font-size:85%; |title = Name in national languages | {{Infobox | subbox=yes | bodystyle=font-size:78%;font-weight:normal; | rowclass1 = mergedrow | label1 = [[ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱤ]]: | data1 = {{lang|af|Republiek van Namibië}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Afrikaans.pdf |title=Communal Land Reform Act, Afrikaans |publisher=Government of Namibia |access-date=18 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225105003/http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Afrikaans.pdf |archive-date=25 February 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | rowclass2 = mergedrow | label2 = [[ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ]]: | data2 = {{lang|de|Republik Namibia}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_German.pdf |title=Communal Land Reform Act, German |publisher=Government of Namibia. |access-date=18 February 2016 }}{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | rowclass3 = mergedrow | label3 = [[ᱠᱷᱳᱭᱮᱠᱷᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱷᱳᱭᱮᱠᱷᱳᱜᱳᱣᱟᱵᱽ]]: | data3 = {{lang|naq|Namibiab Republiki dib}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Nama.pdf |title=Communal Land Reform Act, Khoekhoegowab |publisher=Government of Namibia |access-date=18 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225104943/http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Nama.pdf |archive-date=25 February 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | rowclass4 = mergedrow | label4 = [[ᱦᱮᱨᱮᱨᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱳᱛᱡᱤᱦᱮᱨᱳ]]: | data4 = {{lang|hz|Orepublika yaNamibia}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Herero.pdf |title=Communal Land Reform Act, Otjiherero |publisher=Government of Namibia |access-date=18 February 2016 }}{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | rowclass5 = mergedrow | label5 = [[ᱳᱵᱚᱢᱵᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱳᱥᱤᱣᱟᱢᱵᱳ]]: | data5 = {{lang|kj|Orepublika yaNamibia}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://baslerafrika.ch/wp-content/uploads/Neuerwerbungsliste-2013.pdf |title=Communal Land Reform Act, Oshiwambo |publisher=Government of Namibia |access-date=18 February 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301124906/http://baslerafrika.ch/wp-content/uploads/Neuerwerbungsliste-2013.pdf |archive-date=1 March 2016}}</ref> | rowclass6 = mergedrow | label6 = [[ᱠᱣᱟᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱨᱩᱠᱣᱟᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ]]: | data6 = {{lang|kwn|Republika zaNamibia}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Rukwangali.pdf |title=Communal Land Reform Act, Rukwangali |publisher=Government of Namibia |access-date=18 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225104955/http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Rukwangali.pdf |archive-date=25 February 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | rowclass7 = mergedrow | label7 = [[ᱛᱥᱟᱣᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱮᱛᱥᱣᱟᱱᱟ]]: | data7 = {{lang|tn|Rephaboliki ya Namibia}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Setswana.pdf |title=Communal Land Reform Act, Setswana |publisher=Government of Namibia |access-date=18 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225105008/http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Setswana.pdf |archive-date=25 February 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | rowclass8 = mergedrow | label8 = [[ᱞᱳᱡᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱤᱞᱳᱡᱤ]]: | data8 = {{lang|loz| Namibia ye Lukuluhile}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Lozi.pdf |title=Communal Land Reform Act, Lozi |publisher=Government of Namibia |access-date=18 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225104949/http://209.88.21.36/opencms/export/sites/default/grnnet/MLRR/DocArchive/Land-Reform/Communal_Land_Reform_Act_Lozi.pdf |archive-date=25 February 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> }} }} | image_flag = Flag of Namibia.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Namibia.svg | national_motto = "Unity, Liberty, Justice" | national_anthem = "[[Namibia, Land of the Brave]]" <div class="center" style="padding-top:0.5em;"> </div> | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File: Namibia (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Namibia AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | map_caption = | capital = [[ᱣᱤᱸᱰᱦᱳᱠ]] | coordinates = {{Coord|22|34|S|17|5|E|type:city_region:NA}} | largest_city = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ | official_languages = [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] | national_languages = {{unbulleted list |[[ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱤ]] |[[ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ]] |[[ᱦᱮᱨᱮᱨᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱳᱛᱡᱤᱦᱮᱨᱮᱨᱳ]] |[[ᱠᱷᱳᱭᱮᱠᱷᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱷᱳᱭᱮᱠᱷᱳᱜᱳᱣᱟᱵᱽ]] |[[ᱳᱥᱤᱣᱟᱢᱵᱳ]] |[[ᱠᱣᱟᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱨᱩᱠᱣᱟᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ]] |[[ᱛᱥᱣᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱮᱛᱥᱣᱟᱱᱟ]] |[[ᱞᱳᱡᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱤᱞᱳᱡᱤ]] }} | regional_languages = {{unbulleted list | [[!Kung language|!Kung]] | [[Gciriku language|Gciriku]] | [[Mbukushu language|Thimbukushu]] }} | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 49.5% [[Ovambo people|Ovambo]] | 9.2% [[Kavango people|Kavango]] | 8.0% [[Coloured people in Namibia|Coloured]] {{small|(including [[Baster]])}} | 7.0% [[Herero people|Herero]] | 7.0% [[Damara (people)|Damara]] | 7.0% [[White Namibians|White]] | 4.7% [[Nama people|Nama]] | 3.5% [[Lozi people|Lozi]] | 3.0% [[San people|San]] | 0.6% [[Tswana people|Tswana]] | 0.5% Others }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2014 | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |87.9% [[Christianity]] |—43.7% [[Lutheranism]] |—22.8% [[Catholicism]] |—17.0% [[Anglicanism]] |—4.4% Other [[List of Christian denominations|Christian]] |10.2% [[African Traditional Religion|Traditional faiths]] |1.6% [[Irreligion|No religion]] |0.3% Others}} | religion_year = 2013 | religion_ref = <ref>{{Cite web | title=Namibia Demographic and Health Survey 2013 | publisher=The Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS) and ICF International | date=September 2014 | url=https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR298/FR298.pdf | access-date=5 July 2021 | page=30}} Only people between 15 and 49 years of age were surveyed.</ref> | demonym = [[Demographics of Namibia|Namibian]] |government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Dominant-party system|dominant-party]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]] [[constitution]]al [[republic]]<ref name="Dual" /> | leader_title1 = [[President of Namibia|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Hage Geingob]] | leader_title2 = [[Vice President of Namibia|Vice President]] | leader_name2 = [[Nangolo Mbumba]] | leader_title3 = [[Prime Minister of Namibia|Prime Minister]] | leader_name3 = [[Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila]] | leader_title4 = [[Deputy Prime Minister]] | leader_name4 = [[Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah]] | leader_title5 = [[Chief Justice of Namibia|Chief Justice]] | leader_name5 = [[Peter Shivute]] | legislature = [[Parliament of Namibia|Parliament]] | upper_house = [[National Council (Namibia)|National Council]] | lower_house = [[National Assembly (Namibia)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = Independence from [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] | established_event1 = [[Constitution of Namibia|Constitution]] | established_date1 = ᱙ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ | established_ event2 = Independence | established_date2 = ᱒᱑ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ | area_km2 = 825,615 | area_rank = ᱓᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ | area_sq_mi = 318,696 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = negligible | population_estimate = 2,550,226 | population_census = 2,113,077<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cms2.my.na/assets/documents/p19dmlj9sm1rs138h7vb5c2aa91.pdf |title=Census data |website=cms2.my.na |access-date=2020-10-01 |archive-date=2019-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710101819/https://cms2.my.na/assets/documents/p19dmlj9sm1rs138h7vb5c2aa91.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | population_estimate_year = ᱒᱐᱒᱐ | population_estimate_rank = ᱑᱔᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ | population_census_year = ᱒᱐᱑᱑ | population_density_km2 = ᱓.᱒ | population_density_sq_mi = 6.6 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | population_density_rank = ᱒᱓᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ | GDP_PPP = $23.855 billion<ref name="imfna">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/NAM|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |access-date=29 April 2021}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = ᱒᱐᱒᱑ | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $᱙,᱕᱔᱒<ref name=imfna/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | GDP_nominal = $᱑᱐.᱙᱒᱗ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<ref name=imfna/> | GDP_nominal_year = ᱒᱐᱒᱑ | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $᱔,᱓᱗᱑<ref name=imfna/> | Gini = ᱕᱙.᱑ <!-- number only --> | Gini_year = ᱒᱐᱑᱕ | Gini_change = <!-- increase/decrease/steady --> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=NA |title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) |publisher=[[World Bank]] |website=data.worldbank.org |access-date=20 January 2019}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = ᱐.᱖᱔᱖ <!-- number only --> | HDI_year = 2019 <!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year --> | HDI_change = increase <!-- increase/decrease/steady --> | HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2020|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=December 15, 2020|access-date=December 15, 2020}}</ref> | HDI_rank = ᱑᱓᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ | currency = [[Namibian dollar]] <br /> (NAD) <br /> [[South African rand]] (ZAR) | time_zone = [[Central Africa Time|CAST]] | utc_offset = +᱒ | drives_on = left | calling_code = [[+᱒᱖᱔]] | cctld = [[.na]] | footnote_a = |today=}} '''ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ''' ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ [[ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱝᱜᱳᱞᱟ]], ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱴᱥᱣᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱤᱢᱵᱟᱵᱽᱣᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱮᱡᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱥᱣᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱖᱖᱐ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱒᱑ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱸᱰᱦᱳᱠ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ== ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== [[File:Namib Desert Namibia(2).jpg|thumb|Sand dunes in the [[Namib]], Namibia]] [[File:Namibia Natural Earth 1.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Shaded relief map of Namibia]] [[File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_NAM_present.svg|350 px|thumb|ᱠᱚᱯᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱭᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱞᱟᱥᱤᱯᱷᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ]] ᱘᱒᱕,᱖᱑᱕ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱓᱑᱘,᱗᱗᱒ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱨᱮ,<ref>{{cite web|title=Rank Order&nbsp;– Area|publisher=CIA World Fact Book|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html|access-date=12 April 2008|archive-date=13 June 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613003422/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱜᱮᱞᱼᱯᱩᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ([[ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱡᱩᱭᱮᱞᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱰ ᱑᱗° ᱟᱨ ᱒᱙° ᱮᱛᱚᱢ (ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱑᱗° ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ), ᱞᱚᱝᱜᱤᱴᱭᱩᱰ ᱑᱑° ᱟᱨ ᱒᱖° ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱤᱛᱤᱞᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ, ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱼᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱮ ᱫᱟᱜᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |title=Land degradation causes poverty |last=Brandt |first=Edgar |newspaper=[[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]] |date=21 September 2012 |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201209211357.html}}</ref> ==ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ== [[File:Namibia Population Density (2011).jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.5|ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ (ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱒᱐᱑᱑)]] ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ (sovereign) ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=unpop>{{cite book |chapter-url= https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/wpp2008_text_tables.pdf |title=World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision |chapter=Table A.1 |location=New York |publisher=United Nations |author= Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat |year=2009 |access-date=12 March 2009}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱓ᱹ᱐᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/world-development-indicators|title=World Development Indicators (WDI) {{!}} Data Catalog|website=datacatalog.worldbank.org|access-date=9 July 2019}}</ref> ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱴᱤᱞᱤᱴᱤ (fertility) ᱫᱚᱨ ᱓.᱔᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱠᱟᱞᱪᱟᱨ== ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Spoken Wikipedia|Namibia spoken word.ogg|date=2009-08-31}} {{Sister project links|voy=Namibia|collapsible=collapsed}} <!-- *********************** ({{No More 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Wikipedia * * is not a collection of links nor should it be used for advertising. * * * * Vigilant Wikipedians will delete excessive or inappropriate links * * See [[Wikipedia:External links]] & [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details. * * * * If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or * * replacements on this article's discussion page, or submit your link * * to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) * * and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. * ********************** ({{No More Links}}) **************************** --> * [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/namibia/ Namibia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110010829/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/namibia |date=2021-01-10 }}. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221805/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/namibia.htm Namibia] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{curlie|Regional/Africa/Namibia}} * {{Wikiatlas|ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ}} * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=NA Key Development Forecasts for Namibia] from [[International Futures]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121204101417/http://www.grnnet.gov.na/ Republic of Namibia] Government Portal *[https://web.archive.org/web/20081210072855/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-n/namibia.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] {{Namibia topics}} {{Navboxes |title = Articles relating to Namibia |list = {{ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ}} {{Former German colonies}} {{Southern African Development Community}} {{African Union}} {{English official language clickable map}} {{Commonwealth of Nations}} }} {{Portalbar|ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ}} {{Authority control}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ou60lrq6im8o4b2n8xc3uh6otxytlkz 0 19300 193061 149771 2026-06-20T16:27:21Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox university | name = ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱰᱠᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ | native_name = BBAU | motto = प्रज्ञा शील करुणा | mottoeng = wisdom modesty compassion | image_size = | caption = Seal of the university | established = ᱑᱙᱙᱖ | type = [[Public university|Public]] [[central university (India)|central university]] | affiliation = [[University Grants Commission (India)|UGC]]; [[Association of Indian Universities|AIU]]; [[Pharmacy Council of India|PCI]]; [[Bar Council of India|BCI]] | chancellor = ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥ ᱥᱤ. ᱵᱟᱨᱴᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bbau.ac.in/new/BBAUAdministration.aspx |title=Archived copy |access-date=1 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204142934/http://bbau.ac.in/new/BBAUAdministration.aspx |archive-date=4 December 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | vice_chancellor = ᱥᱚᱱᱡᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱝ | city = [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ]] | state = [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] | country = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] | coordinates = {{coord|26.7718|N|80.9195|E|format=dms|region:IN-UP_type:edu|display=inline,title}} | campus = ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ<br />{{convert|250|acre|}} | free = BBAU | free_label1 = Acronym | colours = {{color box|Blue}} Blue {{color box|white}} white | website = {{url|www.bbau.ac.in/}} | head_label = ᱵᱷᱤᱥᱤᱴᱚᱨ | head = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ]] | faculty = ᱓᱑᱑<ref name="nirf_stud" /> | students = ᱔,᱖᱓᱔<ref name=nirf_stud>{{cite web |title=NIRF 2021 |url=http://www.bbau.ac.in/nirf/NIRF%202021%20uploaded%20data%20overall.pdf |publisher=Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University}}</ref> | undergrad = ᱗᱖᱐<ref name=nirf_stud/> | postgrad = ᱓,᱒᱓᱔<ref name=nirf_stud/> | doctoral = ᱖᱔᱐<ref name=nirf_stud/> | image = Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University logo.png }} '''ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱰᱠᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ''' ('''BBAU''') ᱫᱚ [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ]], [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Online 2014">{{cite web | last=Online | first=India Today | title=Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University invites applications for M.Pharm programs : Notification | website=IndiaToday.in | date=26 February 2014 | url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/bbau-lucknow-invites-applications-for-m.pharm-programs/1/345645.html | access-date=21 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="India 2015">{{cite web | author=India | title=Lucknow’s Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Central University | website=The Indian Express | date=11 August 2015 | url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/babasaheb-b-r-ambedkar-law-university-varsity-follows-govs-advice-plans-indian-attire-for-convocation/ | access-date=21 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="http://www.hindustantimes.com/ 2015">{{cite web | title=15-year-old Sushma Verma, the youngest postgraduate in the country, has now achieved yet another milestone by becoming the youngest Indian to get enrolled in the PhD course at Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (BBAU) in Lucknow. | website=hindustantimes.com/ | date=25 July 2015 | url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/education/15-year-old-lucknow-girl-is-india-s-youngest-phd-student/story-q2oWOWvh6rQ9I7EKYepZWL.html | access-date=21 October 2015}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ|ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱰᱠᱚᱨ]], ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱢᱮᱛᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱤᱡ ᱟᱡ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱮᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱞᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ==ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ== [[File:IMG-20190929-WA0002.jpg|thumb|ᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱯᱮᱭᱤ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱜᱟᱨ]] [[File:Central Library of BBAU.JPG|thumb|ᱜᱚᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱽᱫᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ]] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱚᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱨᱚᱰ, ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ ᱼ ᱒᱒᱖᱐᱒᱕ (ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ) ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱕᱐ ᱮᱠᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱪᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱞᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱢᱮᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱭᱩ.ᱡᱤ. ᱥᱤᱞᱟᱵᱟᱥ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱞᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ==ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ== [[File:IMG-20190803-WA0027.jpg|thumb|Front view of girls hostel]] [[File:IMG-20190803-WA0026.jpg|thumb|Night view of hostel]] [[File:Sports ground.jpg|thumb|BBAU ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ]] [[File:TENNIS COURT.jpg|thumb|ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== * [http://www.bbau.ac.in/new/index.aspx Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University] * [http://www.bbau.ac.in/new/Visitor.aspx ] * [http://www.bbauadmissions.in/BbauFacilities.aspx ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222085829/http://www.bbauadmissions.in/BbauFacilities.aspx |date=2022-02-22 }} * [https://admission.icnn.in/bbau-admission-2021/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208220240/https://admission.icnn.in/bbau-admission-2021/ |date=2021-12-08 }} * [http://niteshkverma.com/?i=1 ] {{IndianCentralUniv}} {{ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ}} {{ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ}} {{authority control}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ]] 6m5d8d710e2sxsvr4aa5zqjmyvau3cj 0 24358 193065 187666 2026-06-20T17:03:27Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Australian place | type = town | name = ᱵᱩᱞᱮᱱᱜᱟᱨᱩᱠ | image = BullengarookSchool.JPG | caption = Former Primary school | state = vic | use_lga_map = yes | coordinates = {{coord|37|31|S|144|29|E|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_label_position = right | lga = Shire of Macedon Ranges | postcode = 3437 | pop = 645 | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}} | pop_footnotes =<ref name="abs">{{Census 2016 AUS | id = SSC20385 | name = Bullengarook (State Suburb) | accessdate = 3 September 2021 | quick = on}}</ref> | elevation = 484 | est = | stategov = [[Electoral district of Macedon|Macedon]] | fedgov = [[Division of McEwen|McEwen]] | dist1 = 68.2 | dir1 = NW | location1 = Melbourne | dist2 = 14 | dir2 = W | location2 = [[Gisborne, Victoria|Gisborne]] | dist3 = 19 | dir3 = N | location3 = [[Bacchus Marsh, Victoria|Bacchus Marsh]] | dist4 = 22 | dir4 = S | location4 = [[Woodend, Victoria|Woodend]] | near-nw = [[Trentham, Victoria|Trentham]] | near-n = [[Woodend, Victoria|Woodend]] | near-ne = [[Macedon, Victoria|Macedon]] | near-w = | near-e = [[Gisborne, Victoria|Gisborne]] | near-sw = | near-s = [[Bacchus Marsh, Victoria|Bacchus Marsh]] | near-se = }} '''ᱵᱩᱞᱮᱱᱜᱟᱨᱩᱠ''' ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱠᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱥ ᱢᱟᱨᱥ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱥᱵᱚᱨᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱑᱔ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱙ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱥ ᱢᱟᱨᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱩᱞᱮᱱᱜᱟᱨᱩᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱥᱮᱰᱳᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱞᱞᱮᱱᱜᱟᱨᱩᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱐᱓ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱣᱩᱸᱴ ᱵᱩᱞᱞᱮᱱᱜᱟᱨᱩᱠ, ᱞᱮᱰᱟᱨᱰᱟᱨᱜᱽ ᱥᱴᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱭᱤᱢᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱨᱤᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=vicplace>{{cite web|url=https://www.victorianplaces.com.au/bullengarook|title=Bullengarook|accessdate=2019-03-31|publisher=Victorian Places|archive-date=2019-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331022244/https://www.victorianplaces.com.au/bullengarook|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ== ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱾ 2007 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱵᱚᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱠᱫᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱯᱮᱹᱞᱤᱥᱤᱴ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wordpress.smrss.vic.edu.au/index.php/locate-us/|title=Locate Us – Sunbury and Macedon Ranges Specialist School}}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱴᱳᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱨᱤᱠᱨᱤᱭᱮᱹᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱹᱵᱽᱵᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣᱟᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱛᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱞᱵ ᱠᱨᱮᱠᱮᱴ ᱜᱨᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱡᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱡᱟᱹᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱮᱵᱷᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱰᱮᱹᱞᱴ ᱨᱟᱭᱰᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱵ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱡᱳᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱡᱩᱠ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱰᱤᱜᱳ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱡᱵᱳᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱕᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘᱖᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>[http://www.gisbornemountmacedon.org.au/history.htm Gisborne and Mount Macedon Districts Historical Society Inc.]</ref> ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱣᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱡᱮᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱹᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱑᱘᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱞᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱛ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱖᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱔ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱵᱨᱚᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱳᱞᱮᱱᱜᱚᱨᱩᱠ ᱯᱮᱥᱴ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱘᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑᱕ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱳᱞᱮᱱᱜᱟᱨᱩᱠ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱐-᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱞᱮᱱᱜᱟᱨᱩᱠ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱞᱤᱝᱜᱟᱨᱩᱠ ᱮᱥᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name = "a">{{Citation | last = Phoenix Auctions History | title = Post Office List | url = http://www.phoenixauctions.com.au/cgi-bin/wsPhoenix.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=VIC&filter=*Bullengarook* | access-date = 22 March 2021 }}</ref><ref name=vicplace/> ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱵᱳᱞᱮᱱᱜᱚᱨᱩᱠ ᱵᱮᱞᱳᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱱᱤᱛᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} l2fruj2gv2a080pk90db029qym4fzp8 0 25316 193040 135686 2026-06-20T13:29:47Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Indian track cyclist}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}} {{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}} {{Infobox sportsperson | name = Esow Alben | image = 2019 UCI Juniors Track World Championships 006.jpg | caption = Esow with his bronze medal in keirin | fullname = | nickname = | nationality = Indian | residence = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|2001|03|10|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Port Blair]], [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]], India | death_date = | death_place = | height = | weight = 80.0kg | website = | country = [[India]] | sport = [[Track Cycling]] | event = sprint | club = | team = | turnedpro = | coach = Rk Sharma | retired = | coaching = | worlds = | regionals = | nationals = | olympics = | paralympics = | highestranking = 1 | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[Track Cycling]]}} {{MedalCountry | [[India]] }} {{MedalCompetition | [[UCI Junior Track World Championships]] }} {{MedalGold | [[2019 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships|2019 Frankfurt]] | [[2019 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships - Men's Team Sprint|Men's Team Sprint]] }} {{MedalSilver | [[2018 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships|2018 Aigle]] | [[2018 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships - Men's Keirin|Men's Keirin]] }} {{MedalSilver | [[2019 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships|2019 Frankfurt]] | [[2019 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships - Men's Individual Sprint|Men's Individual Sprint]] }} {{MedalBronze | [[2019 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships|2019 Frankfurt]] | [[2019 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships - Men's Keirin|Men's Keirin]] }} {{MedalCompetition|[[Asian Cycling Championships|Asian Championships]]}} {{MedalBronze|[[2022 Asian Track Cycling Championships|2022 New Delhi]]|Team Sprint}} }} [[File:Esow Alben felicitation.jpg|thumb|Esow Alben at Car Nicobar Sep 2019]] '''ᱮᱥᱳᱣ ᱟᱞᱵᱮᱱ '''ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱠᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱯᱩᱧᱡᱤᱰᱷᱤᱯ]] ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱨᱟᱠ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/17-year-old-esow-alben-creates-history-by-winning-india-s-first-cycling-world-cup-medal-1318277-2018-08-19 | title=17-year-old Esow Alben creates history by winning India's first cycling World Cup medal | publisher=India Today | date=19 August 2018 | accessdate=7 March 2019}}</ref> <ref name="Desk 2022">{{cite web | last=Desk | first=SportsCafe | title=Esow Alben makes history, Ronaldo Singh sets new national record at Track Cycling World Championships 2022 | website=SportsCafe.in | date=18 Oct 2022 | url=https://sportscafe.in/sports/articles/2022/oct/18/esow-alben-makes-history-and-ronaldo-singh-sets-a-new-national-record-at-the-track-cycling-world-championships-2022 | access-date=5 Mar 2023 | archive-date=5 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305205958/https://sportscafe.in/sports/articles/2022/oct/18/esow-alben-makes-history-and-ronaldo-singh-sets-a-new-national-record-at-the-track-cycling-world-championships-2022 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Sharma 2018">{{cite web | last=Sharma | first=Nitin | title=From Andamans, 17-year-old Esow Alben cycles to world number two | website=The Indian Express | date=18 Aug 2018 | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/from-andamans-17-year-old-cycles-to-world-number-two-5312681/ | access-date=5 Mar 2023}}</ref><ref name="Barua 2020">{{cite web | last=Barua | first=Suhrid | title=Esow Alben - The one who gave a new identity to Indian cycling | website=The Bridge | date=8 Jan 2020 | url=https://thebridge.in/cycling/esow-alben-one-gave-new-identity-indian-cycling/ | access-date=5 Mar 2023}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ UCI ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱴᱨᱟᱠ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱞᱤᱝ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱡᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱞᱵᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱞᱟᱭᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱴᱨᱟᱠ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱞᱝ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱥᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴ, ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱚᱞᱰ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱴᱨᱟᱠ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱞᱤᱝ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴ, ᱴᱤᱢ ᱥᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱭᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱞᱰ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱥᱳᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱨᱳᱱᱟᱞᱰᱳ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱞᱟᱭᱴᱚᱱᱡᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱳᱡᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱭᱟᱝᱞᱮᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱠᱯᱩᱨᱴ (ᱳᱰᱟᱨ) ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱥᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ UCI ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱴᱨᱟᱠ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱞᱤᱝ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱞᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱳᱸᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾<ref name="Scroll.in 2019">{{cite web | title=Scripting a new chapter in India’s history: All you need to know about cycling prodigy Esow Alben | website=Scroll.in | date=20 Aug 2019 | url=https://scroll.in/field/934500/scripting-a-new-chapter-in-indias-history-all-you-need-to-know-about-cycling-prodigy-esow-alben | access-date=5 Mar 2023}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == [https://cyclingfederationofindia.org/esow-indias-junior-cyclist-with-a-vision-2/ Esow – India’s Junior Cyclist with a vision – Cycling Federation of India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230624190608/https://cyclingfederationofindia.org/esow-indias-junior-cyclist-with-a-vision-2/ |date=24 June 2023 }} oexn3kfutat9k1h9gzz516o3d8f6aln 0 25517 193070 182117 2026-06-20T17:33:04Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Virachey National Park | alt_name = | iucn_category = II | iucn_ref =<ref name="VNP">{{cite web |author=Protected Planet |date=2018 |title=Virachey National Park |url=https://www.protectedplanet.net/virachey-national-park-and-asean-heritage-park |publisher=United Nations Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre |access-date=26 Dec 2018}}</ref> | photo = Veal thom.jpg | photo_width = | photo_caption = Veal Thom grasslands | map = Cambodia | relief = yes | map_width = | map_caption = | location = [[Ratanakiri Province]], [[Cambodia]] | nearest_city = [[Banlung]] | coordinates = {{coords|14.32569763|106.9981862|region:KH|display=inline, title}} | area = {{convert|3380.57|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}<ref name="VNP" /> | established = 1993 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = [[Ministry of Tourism (Cambodia)|Ministry of Environment]] | website = }} '''ᱵᱷᱤᱨᱟᱪᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ''' ([[ᱠᱷᱚᱢᱮᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]: ឧទ្យាន ជាតិ វីរជ័យ) ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱢᱵᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱓,᱓᱘᱐.᱕᱗ km2 (1,305.25 sq mi) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="VNP" /> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱮᱢᱵᱚᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱮᱨᱤᱴᱮᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="aseanhp">{{cite web | title=List of ASEAN Heritage Parks | url=http://chm.aseanbiodiversity.org/index.php?option=com_wrapper&view=wrapper&Itemid=110&current=110 | publisher=[[ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity]] | access-date=2009-08-29 | archive-date=2015-04-02 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402132522/http://chm.aseanbiodiversity.org/index.php?option=com_wrapper&view=wrapper&Itemid=110&current=110 | url-status=dead }}</ref> The ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚᱠᱤᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱩᱝ ᱴᱨᱮᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱢᱵᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱮᱱᱵᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱞᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱤ == ᱵᱷᱤᱨᱟᱪᱮᱭ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱮᱢᱵᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱡᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱤᱨᱜᱽᱨᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ, ᱢᱳᱸᱴᱮᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ, ᱩᱛᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟᱱᱟ, ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱤᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱔᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱕᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ == *Baird, Ian G. "Making Spaces: The ethnic Brao people and the international border between Laos and Cambodia" in the journal ''Geoforum'' 41 (2010) 271-281 *Baird, Ian G., and Philip Drearden "Biodiversity Conservation and Resource Tenure Regimes: A Case Study from Northeast Cambodia" in the journal ''Environmental Management'' Vol. 32, No.5, pp.&nbsp;541–550 *Bourdier, Frederic. ''The Mountain of Precious Stones: Ratanakiri, Cambodia.'' The Center for Khmer Studies, Phnom Penh, 2006. *Bourdier, Frederic. "Development and Dominion: Indigenous Peoples of Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos." White Lotus Press, Bangkok. 2009. *"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121001152209/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/KF16Ae01.html Cambodia's Last Frontier Falls]" by Stephen Kurczy in the Asia Times Online. * [http://www.conservation.org/explore/asia-pacific/cambodia/Pages/freshwater_rap.aspx Conservation International Preliminary Report 2007] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100813201513/http://www.conservation.org/explore/asia-pacific/cambodia/Pages/freshwater_rap.aspx |date=2010-08-13 }} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == *[http://www.protectedplanet.net/virachey-national-park-and-asean-heritage-park Virachey National Park] in the [https://web.archive.org/web/20090804170907/http://www.wdpa.org/ UNEP-WCMC World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA)] from the [[World Conservation Monitoring Centre]] *[http://viracheyecotourism.blogspot.com/ Eco-Tourism in Virachey National Park] *[https://www.facebook.com/viracheyecotourism/?fref=ts Virachey National Park on Facebook] 6oxd9elphhd3asad2x6ndkl3lps6cbw 0 25718 193035 151690 2026-06-20T12:27:45Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox ethnic group | group = ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ | image = Chenchu tribal hunting.jpg | flag = | caption = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ, [[ :en:Nallamala Forest|ᱱᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟᱵᱩᱨᱩ]], [[ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱝᱜᱟᱱᱟ]] | population = c. ᱖᱕,000 | popplace = [[ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]], [[ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱝᱜᱟᱱᱟ]] | langs = [[ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[:en:Chenchu language|ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ]] | religions = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]] | related = [[:en:Dravidian people|ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[:en:Gondi people|ᱜᱚᱱᱰᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[:en:Telugu people|ᱛᱮᱞᱜᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ]] }} '''ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]ᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]], [[ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱝᱜᱟᱱᱟ]], [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |title=List of notified Scheduled Tribes |publisher=Census India |accessdate=15 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107225208/http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |archivedate=7 November 2013 }}</ref> ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱳᱨᱡᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱫᱚ [[ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱨᱟᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱝᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱞᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤᱵᱽ ᱴᱨᱤᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱧᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱸᱡᱟᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱳᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱱᱪᱩ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Commons category|Chenchu people}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100516233518/http://www.cepceindia.org/programs/rural-electrification/ CEPCE India] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120628160339/http://sakti.in/chenchu-empowerment.html Chenchu Empowerment Programme] * [http://anilcherukupalli.com/the-chenchus/ The Chenchus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120421072219/http://anilcherukupalli.com/the-chenchus/ |date=2012-04-21 }} A photo essay *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100617043246/http://www.naturecamps.co.in/2010/a-night-with-chenchus/ A Night With the Tribals] *This article includes material from the [[public domain]] [[Library of Congress Country Studies|Library of Congress Country Study]] on [[India]]. [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱰᱨᱟᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]] 75v36r4h0j4dvna79hjgr1q863wi6ot 0 25923 193069 186887 2026-06-20T17:26:50Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ | image = | alt = | caption = ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ | birth_date = ᱒᱐ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱩᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱓᱒ | birth_place = ᱱᱟᱣᱜᱚᱝ, ᱟᱥᱟᱢ, ᱰᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | death_date = ᱑᱓ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱚᱴ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ (ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱗᱑) | death_place = [[ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ]], [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] | nationality = | other_names = | education = * ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱤ. ᱮᱪ. ᱰᱤ , ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱚᱣᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ. * ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱤ. ᱮᱪ. ᱰᱤ , ᱰᱤᱵᱽᱨᱩᱜᱚᱲ ᱚᱣᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱟᱥᱟᱢ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | alma_mater = [[:en:Cotton College|ᱠᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ([[:en:Bachelor of Science|ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱥᱤ.]])<br />[[:en:Presidency University, Kolkata|ᱯᱨᱮᱰᱮᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ([[:en:Master of Science|ᱮᱢ.ᱮᱥ.ᱥᱤ]])<br />[[:en:University of London|ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱚᱣᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] (ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱪ.ᱰᱤ.) | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = | spouse = ᱯᱤᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ | awards = [[#Awards|ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ]] | website = }}'''ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ''' ([[ᱚᱥᱚᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱚᱥᱚᱢᱤᱭᱟ]]:ভবেন্দ্ৰ নাথ শইকীয়া; ᱒᱐ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱓᱒ ᱑᱓ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱐᱓) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="MHA_India">{{cite web |title=Padma Awards Directory (1954–2013) |url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |publisher=Govt. of India, Ministry of Home Affairs |access-date=27 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 October 2015 }}</ref> ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="doctoral thesis">{{cite web | url=http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/13521 | title=The structure, aggregation and melting of metal and other films condensed from vapor | publisher=Imperial College London |year=1961 | access-date=2 August 2019 | author=Saikia, Bhabendra Nath| hdl=10044/1/13521 }}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱰᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="MHA_India"/><ref name="One">{{Cite web |date=20 June 2022 |title=Bhabendra Nath Saikia |url=https://www.indiaonline.in/about/personalities/writersandpoets/bhabendra-nath-saikia |website=India Online |access-date=20 June 2022 |archive-date=22 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622103326/https://www.indiaonline.in/about/personalities/writersandpoets/bhabendra-nath-saikia |url-status=dead }}He was the pioneering motive behind the publication of college level textbooks in Assamese language during his tenure as the Secretary of the Co-ordination Committee for production of textbooks in regional languages.</ref> ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱠ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ''ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱩᱨᱟ'' ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱮᱰᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱠᱨᱤᱱᱥᱯᱞᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ 'ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ' ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ==ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ== ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ, ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ, ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ, ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ, ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ, ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴᱤ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ (AIR) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱞᱦᱟᱞ, ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱷᱤᱠᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱦᱟᱥ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱭᱱᱟᱦᱟ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ== *ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱯᱵᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱳᱨᱰ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ (᱑᱙᱗᱓) *ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ (᱑᱙᱗᱖) *ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ (᱑᱙᱙᱐) *ᱥᱨᱤᱢᱚᱸᱛᱟ ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱚᱨᱫᱮᱵᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ (᱑᱙᱙᱘) *ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚ ᱥᱨᱤ (᱒᱐᱐᱑) *ᱰᱤ. ᱞᱤᱴᱴ, ᱦᱳᱱᱚᱨᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱥᱟ (᱒᱐᱐᱑) *ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱰᱨ. ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱟ, ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ *ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱰᱨ. ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱟᱨᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱠᱥᱮᱛᱨᱟ *ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱵᱨᱮᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱟᱨᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱠᱥᱮᱛᱨᱟ *ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱰᱨ. ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱪᱚᱨᱟᱞ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ (᱒᱐᱑᱐) ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱩᱱ ᱜᱚᱜᱚᱭ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱦᱱᱩ ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱣᱟ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060702182352/http://www.sentinelassam.com/sentinel_en/archives/aug2603/regional.htm "Dr Saikia's death condoled"], ''[[The Sentinel (Gauhati)|The Sentinel]]'', 26 August 2003 * [http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/aug31/at11.asp " for 'Sir'"], ''[[Deccan Herald]]'', 31 August 2003 *[http://kothasobi.com/news/sringkhal-release-17th-october/ "Sringkhal to Release on 17th October"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160118155211/http://www.kothasobi.com/news/sringkhal-release-17th-october/ |date=2016-01-18 }} *[http://www.nirvanasutra.com/2012/05/11/the-master-storyteller-dr-bhabendra-nath-saikia/ About ebooks of Dr. Bhaben Saikia] * {{IMDb name|756521}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091201024322/http://rupaliparda.com/english/specialf.htm Complete Works of Dr. Bhabendra Nath Saikia] *[http://www.bhabensaikia.com/aarohan/aarohan.html Dr. Bhabendra Nath Saikia Children's Welfare Trust] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114125327/http://www.bhabensaikia.com/aarohan/aarohan.html |date=14 November 2010 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120208170427/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1031231/asp/northeast/story_2721343.asp ''Reel-life characters make a mark''], ''[[The Telegraph (Kolkata)|The Telegraph]]'' *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071014012026/http://www.sentinelassam.com/sentinel_en/archives/aug1403/story2.htm The Gentle Genius is no more] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061130035444/http://www.voiceofassam.com/voa_feature.htm Voice of Assam feature – citing The Assam Tribune, 13 August 2006] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20091027150631/http://www.geocities.com/bipuljyoti/authors/bhabendranath.html www.bhabensaikia.com – Official Website] 487ohg5d5htlm733l8450v7ctv2y60r 10 26034 193053 175199 2026-06-20T15:20:39Z MT731 2184 193053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | bodyclass = vcard | child = {{{child|}}} | subbox = {{{embed|}}} | above = {{If empty|{{{name|}}}|<includeonly>{{#invoke:WikidataIB|label}}</includeonly>|<includeonly>{{PAGENAMEBASE}}</includeonly>}} | aboveclass = fn org | abovestyle = background-color:#FFFFE6; | headerstyle = background-color:#FFFFE6; | autoheaders = y | image = 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both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P17|2={{{country|}}}|name=country|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P17}}}}}} | label3 = ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | data3 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P276|2={{{location|}}}|name=location|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P276}}}}}} | label4 = Coordinates | data4 = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}}|{{{coordinates|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|NONE|<!-- -->|{{#if:{{#Property:P625}}|{{If first display both|{{Coord|display=inline,title|format=dms}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|P625}}}}}}}}}}}} | label5 = Status | data5 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{status|}}}}} |B=Being decommissioned |BD=Being decommissioned |C=Cancelled |D=Decommissioned |M=[[:wikt:mothball|Mothballed]] |O=Operational |P=Proposed |R=Renovating |U=Under construction |UC=Under construction |#default={{{status|}}} }}|{{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P730|name=status_commissioned|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=true}}|Decommissioned|}}|{{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P729|name=status_commissioned|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=true}}|Operational|}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P5817|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q30108381|nomatch=}}|Q30108381|Cancelled|}}|{{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P793|pval=Q385378|qual=P580|name=status_construction_began|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=true}}|Under&nbsp;construction|}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P5817|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q811683|nomatch=}}|Q811683|Proposed|}}|}} | label6 = Construction&nbsp;began | data6 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P793|2={{{construction_began|}}}|name=construction_began|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q385378|qual=P580|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P793}}}}}} | label7 = [[Project commissioning|Commission&nbsp;date]] | data7 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P729|2={{{commissioned|}}}|name=commissioned|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P729}}}}}} | label8 = Decommission&nbsp;date | data8 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P730|2={{{decommissioned|}}}|name=decommissioned|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P730}}}}}} | label9 = Construction&nbsp;cost | data9 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2130|2={{{cost|}}}|name=cost|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P585|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|scale=8|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2130}}}}}} | label10 = {{Pluralize from text|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P127|2={{{owner|}}}|name=owner|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|shortname=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P127}}}}}}|singular=Owner|likely=Owners|plural=Owners}} | data10 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P127|2={{{owner|}}}|name=owner|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|shortname=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P127}}}}}} | label11 = {{Pluralize from text|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P137|2={{{operator|}}}|name=operator|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|shortname=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P137}}}}}}|singular=Operator|likely=Operators|plural=Operators}} | data11 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P137|2={{{operator|}}}|name=operator|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|shortname=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P137}}}}}} | label12 = Employees | data12 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P1128|2={{{employees|}}}|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P585|rank=best|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|name=employees|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1128}}}}}} | header13 = Geothermal&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Geothermal power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label14 = Type | data14 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{geo_type|}}}}} |DS=[[Dry steam power station|Dry steam]] |FS=[[Flash steam power station|Flash steam]] |BC=[[Binary cycle]] |#default={{{geo_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q41722964|nomatch=}}|Q41722964|[[Flash steam power station|Flash steam]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q41722780|nomatch=}}|Q41722780|[[Dry steam power station|Dry steam]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q4086827|nomatch=}}|Q4086827|[[Binary cycle power station|Binary cycle]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label15 = Min.&nbsp;source&nbsp;temp. | data15 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P5066|2={{{geo_temp_requirement|}}}|name=geo_temp_requirement|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q1049799|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P5066}}}}}} | label16 = Wells | data16 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{geo_well_count|}}}|name=geo_well_count|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q61846297|qual=P1114|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label17 = Max.&nbsp;well&nbsp;depth | data17 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{geo_well_depth|}}}|name=geo_well_depth|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q61846297|qual=P4511|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label18 = Hot&nbsp;water&nbsp;output | data18 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P1056|2={{{geo_water_output|}}}|name=geo_water_output|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q1419245|qual=P2197|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1056}}}}}} | header19 = Nuclear&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Nuclear power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label20 = Reactors | data20 = {{#if:{{{np_reactors|}}}|{{{np_reactors|}}}|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getSumOfParts|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|vlist=Q377968,Q468846,Q558152,Q558181,Q319449,Q3100709,Q1204277,Q379573,Q557804,Q552334,Q1058741,Q2058283,Q1622414,Q373950,Q4391458,Q432432,Q35957}}}} | label21 = Reactor&nbsp;type | data21 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{np_reactor_type|}}}}} |PWR=[[Pressurized water reactor|PWR]] |BWR=[[Boiling water reactor|BWR]] |PHWR=[[Pressurised heavy water reactor|PHWR]] |CANDU=[[CANDU reactor|CANDU]] [[Pressurised heavy water reactor|PHWR]] |RBMK=[[RBMK]] |GCR=[[Gas cooled reactor|GCR]] |HTGR=[[Very-high-temperature reactor|HTGR]] |VHTR=[[Very-high-temperature reactor|VHTR]] |AGR=[[Advanced gas-cooled reactor|AGR]] |GFR=[[Gas-cooled fast reactor|GFR]] |FBR=[[Fast breeder reactor|FBR]] |SFR=[[Sodium-cooled fast reactor|SFR]] |LFR=[[Lead-cooled fast reactor|LFR]] |PBR=[[Pebble bed reactor|PBR]] |MSR=[[Molten salt reactor|MSR]] |AHR=[[Aqueous homogeneous reactor|AHR]] |AHWR=[[Advanced heavy-water reactor|AHWR]] |VVER=[[VVER]] |#default={{{np_reactor_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q377968|nomatch=}}|Q377968|[[Pressurized water reactor|PWR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q468846|nomatch=}}|Q468846|[[Boiling water reactor|BWR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q558152|nomatch=}}|Q558152|[[Pressurized heavy-water reactor|PHWR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q558181|nomatch=}}|Q558181|[[CANDU reactor|CANDU]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q319449|nomatch=}}|Q319449|[[RBMK]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q3100709|nomatch=}}|Q3100709|[[Gas-cooled reactor|GCR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1204277|nomatch=}}|Q1204277|[[Very-high-temperature reactor|VHTR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q379573|nomatch=}}|Q379573|[[Advanced gas-cooled Reactor|AGR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q557804|nomatch=}}|Q557804|[[Gas-cooled fast reactor|GFR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q552334|nomatch=}}|Q552334|[[Fast breeder reactor|FBR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1058741|nomatch=}}|Q1058741|[[Sodium-cooled fast reactor|SFR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q2058283|nomatch=}}|Q2058283|[[Lead-cooled fast reactor|LFR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1622414|nomatch=}}|Q1622414|[[Pebble-bed reactor|PBR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q373950|nomatch=}}|Q373950|[[Molten salt reactor|MSR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q4391458|nomatch=}}|Q4391458|[[Aqueous homogeneous reactor|AHR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q432432|nomatch=}}|Q432432|[[Advanced heavy-water reactor|AHWR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q35957|nomatch=}}|Q35957|[[VVER]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label22 = Reactor&nbsp;supplier | data22 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P527|2={{{np_reactor_supplier|}}}|name=np_reactor_supplier|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P176|qualsonly=y|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | header23 = Solar&nbsp;farm <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Solar power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label24 = Type | data24 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{solar_type|}}}}} |PV=[[Photovoltaics|Flat-panel PV]] |CPV=[[Concentrated photovoltaics|CPV]] |CSP=[[Concentrated solar power|CSP]] |#default={{{solar_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1003207|nomatch=}}|Q1003207|[[Photovoltaics|Standard PV]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q61950883|nomatch=}}|Q61950883|[[Concentrator photovoltaics|CPV]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q285927|nomatch=}}|Q285927|[[Concentrated solar power|CSP]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label25 = CSP&nbsp;technology | data25 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{solar_csp_technology|}}}}} |D=[[Solar thermal energy#Dish designs|Parabolic solar reflector]] |P=[[Parabolic trough]] |F=[[Fresnel reflector]] |T=[[Solar power tower]] |#default={{{solar_csp_technology|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q61954404|nomatch=}}|Q61954404|[[Solar thermal energy#Dish designs|Parabolic solar reflector]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q2051219|nomatch=}}|Q2051219|[[Parabolic trough]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q5155312|nomatch=}}|Q5155312|[[Fresnel reflector]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q13847726|nomatch=}}|Q13847726|[[Solar power tower]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label26 = [[Solar thermal collector|Collectors]] | data26 = {{#if:{{{solar_collectors|}}}|{{{solar_collectors|}}}|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getSumOfParts|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|vlist=Q2051219,Q1347279,Q5155312,Q61954404}}}} | label27 = Total&nbsp;collector&nbsp;area | data27 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P2046|2={{{solar_collectors_area|}}}|name=solar_collectors_area|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q1379273|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2046}}}}}} | label28 = Site&nbsp;resource | data28 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P6876|2={{{solar_site_resource|}}}|name=solar_site_resource|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P6876}}}}}} | label29 = Solar&nbsp;tracker | data29 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{solar_tracker|}}}}} |SA=[[Solar tracker#Single axis trackers|Single-axis]] |1A=[[Solar tracker#Single axis trackers|Single-axis]] |DA=[[Solar tracker#Dual axis trackers|Dual-axis]] |2A=[[Solar tracker#Dual axis trackers|Dual-axis]] |#default={{{solar_tracker|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63199411|nomatch=}}|Q63199411|[[Solar tracker#Single axis trackers|Single-axis]]|}} {{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63199420|nomatch=}}|Q63199420|[[Solar tracker#Dual axis trackers|Dual-axis]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | header30 = Thermal&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Thermal power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label31 = Primary&nbsp;fuel | data31 = {{If first display both|{{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P618|2={{{th_fuel_primary|}}}|name=th_fuel_primary|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P1545|qvalue=1|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{{|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P618|2={{{th_fuel_primary|}}}|name=th_fuel_primary|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P1545|qvalue=1|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}}}}|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{{|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P618|2=|name=th_fuel_primary|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}}}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P618}}}}}} | label32 = Secondary&nbsp;fuel | data32 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P618|2={{{th_fuel_secondary|}}}|name=th_fuel_secondary|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P1545|qvalue=2|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P618}}}}}} | label33 = Tertiary&nbsp;fuel | data33 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P618|2={{{th_fuel_tertiary|}}}|name=th_fuel_tertiary|qualID=P1545|qvalue=3|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P618}}}}}} | label34 = Turbine&nbsp;technology | data34 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{th_technology|}}}}} |ST=[[Steam turbine]] |GT=[[Gas turbine]] |#default={{{th_technology|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P2670|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q193470|nomatch=}}|Q193470|[[Gas turbine]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P2670|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q189859|nomatch=}}|Q189859|[[Steam turbine]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | header35 = Tidal&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Tidal power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label36 = [[Tidal_power#Generating_methods|Type]] | data36 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{tide_technology|}}}}} |TB=[[Tidal barrage]] |TSG=[[Tidal stream generator]] |DTP=[[Dynamic tidal power]] |#default={{{tide_technology|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q7800783|nomatch=}}|Q7800783|[[Tidal barrage]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q3250943|nomatch=}}|Q3250943|[[Tidal stream generator]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label37 = Type&nbsp;of&nbsp;[[Tidal stream generator|TSG]] | data37 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{tide_tsg_type|}}}}} |HA=Horizontal axis |VA=Vertical axis |HF=Hydrofoil |AS=Archimedes screw |TK=Tidal kite |#default={{{tide_tsg_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363573|nomatch=}}|Q63363573|Horizontal axis|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363632|nomatch=}}|Q63363632|Vertical axis|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363679|nomatch=}}|Q63363679|Oscillating hydrofoil|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363745|nomatch=}}|Q63363745|Archimedes screw|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363781|nomatch=}}|Q63363781|Tidal kite|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label38 = Barrage&nbsp;height | data38 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{tide_barrage_height|}}}|name=tide_barrage_height|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q7800783|qual=P2048|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label39 = Barrage&nbsp;length | data39 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{tide_barrage_length|}}}|name=tide_barrage_length|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q7800783|qual=P2043|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label40 = Barrage&nbsp;width | data40 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{tide_barrage_width|}}}|name=tide_barrage_width|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q7800783|qual=P2049|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label41 = Crosses | data41 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P177|2={{{tide_crosses|}}}|name=tide_crosses|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P177}}}}}} | label42 = Channel&nbsp;speed | data42 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P177|2={{{tide_channel_speed|}}}|name=tide_channel_speed|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P177|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|qual=P2052|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P177}}}}}} | label43 = Channel&nbsp;volume | data43 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P177|2={{{tide_channel_volume|}}}|name=tide_channel_volume|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P177|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|qual=P2225|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P177}}}}}} | label44 = [[Tidal range|Tidal&nbsp;range]] | data44 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P4441|2={{{tide_range|}}}|name=tide_range|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P4441}}}}}} | header45 = Wave&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Wave power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label46 = [[Wave_power#Modern_technology|Type]] | data46 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{wave_technology|}}}}} |SA=Surface-following attenuator |PA=Point absorber |OS=Oscillating wave surge converter |OC=[[Oscillating water column]] |OT=Overtopping/Terminator |PD=Submerged pressure differential |BW=Bulge wave device |RM=Rotating mass |#default={{{wave_technology|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367036|nomatch=}}|Q63367036|Attenuator|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367054|nomatch=}}|Q63367054|Point absorber|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367137|nomatch=}}|Q63367137|Oscillating wave surge converter|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q3683519|nomatch=}}|Q3683519|[[Oscillating water column]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367204|nomatch=}}|Q63367204|Overtopping/Terminator|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367211|nomatch=}}|Q63367211|Submerged pressure differential|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367217|nomatch=}}|Q63367217|Bulge wave device|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367226|nomatch=}}|Q63367226|Rotating mass|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label47 = Water&nbsp;body | data47 = {{#if:{{{wave_water_body|}}}|{{{wave_water_body|}}}|{{#if:{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q3068975|nomatch=}}|Q3068975|Wave power station|}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P206|2=|name=wave_water_body|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P206}}}}}}}}}} | label48 = Water&nbsp;depth | data48 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P206|2={{{wave_water_depth|}}}|name=wave_water_depth|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P206|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|qual=P4511|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P206}}}}}} | label49 = Distance&nbsp;from&nbsp;shore | data49 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P206|2={{{wave_shore_distance|}}}|name=wave_shore_distance|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P206|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|qual=P2787|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P206}}}}}} | header50 = Wind&nbsp;farm <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Wind farm articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label51 = [[Wind farm#Types|Type]] | data51 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{wind_farm_type|}}}}} |ON=[[Onshore wind farm|Onshore]] |OF=[[Offshore wind farm|Offshore]] |#default={{{wind_farm_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q50687555|nomatch=}}|Q50687555|[[Onshore wind farm|Onshore]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1357601|nomatch=}}|Q1357601|[[Offshore wind farm|Offshore]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label52 = Site&nbsp;usage | data52 = {{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q50687555|nomatch=}}|Q50687555|{{{wind_site_usage|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P366|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q11451|nomatch=}}|Q11451|Agriculture|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P366|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q2153464|nomatch=}}|Q2153464|Livestock farming|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P366|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q911871|nomatch=}}|Q911871|Wilderness|}}}}</includeonly>}}}|}} | label53 = Max.&nbsp;water&nbsp;depth | data53 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P4511|2={{{wind_offshore_depth|}}}|name=wind_offshore_depth|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q1357601|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P4511}}}}}} | label54 = Distance&nbsp;from&nbsp;shore | data54 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P2043|2={{{wind_offshore_distance|}}}|name=wind_offshore_distance|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q1357601|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2043}}}}}} | label55 = Hub&nbsp;height | data55 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P516|2={{{wind_hub_height|}}}|name=wind_hub_height|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|qual=P2048|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P516}}}}}} | label56 = Rotor&nbsp;diameter | data56 = {{If empty|{{{wind_rotor_diameter|}}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P516|name=wind_rotor_diameter|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|qual=P2386|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P516}}}}}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P2386|2=|name=wind_rotor_diameter|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q193466|qid={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|rank=best|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|P2386}}}}}}}} | label57 = Rated&nbsp;wind&nbsp;speed | data57 = {{If empty|{{{wind_rated_speed|}}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P516|2=|name=wind_rated_speed|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|qual=P5065|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P516}}}}}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P5065|2=|name=wind_rated_speed|qid={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|qualID=P1013|qvalue=Q64441440|rank=best|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|P5065}}}}}}}} | header58 = {{#if:{{{ps_header|}}}|{{{ps_header|}}}|_BLANK_}} | label59 = Site&nbsp;area | data59 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P2046|2={{{ps_site_area|}}}|name=ps_site_area|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q159719|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2046}}}}}} | label60 = Site&nbsp;elevation | data60 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2044|2={{{ps_site_elevation|}}}|name=ps_site_elevation|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2044}}}}}} | label61 = Chimneys | data61 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{ps_chimneys|}}}|name=ps_chimneys|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q170477|qual=P1114|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label62 = Cooling&nbsp;towers | data62 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{ps_cooling_towers|}}}|name=ps_cooling_towers|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q193886|qual=P1114|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label63 = Cooling&nbsp;source | data63 = {{#if:{{{ps_cooling_source|}}}|{{{ps_cooling_source|}}}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{If first display both|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2=|name=ps_cooling_source|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q1049799|qual=P885|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} |{{If first display both|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P588|name=ps_cooling_source|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P588}}}}}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label64 = [[Feed-in tariff|Feed-in&nbsp;tariff]] | data64 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P6826|2={{{ps_feed-in_tariff|}}}|name=ps_feed-in_tariff|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P1013|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|qlinked=true|unitabbr=false|qprefix=per" "|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P6826}}}}}} | label65 = Annual&nbsp;revenue | data65 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2139|2={{{ps_revenue|}}}|name=ps_revenue|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P585|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2139}}}}}} | label66 = [[Combined cycle|Combined&nbsp;cycle]]? | data66 = {{#if:{{{ps_combined_cycle|}}}|{{{ps_combined_cycle|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q900729|nomatch=}}|Q900729|Yes|}}}} | label67 = [[Cogeneration]]? | data67 = {{{ps_cogeneration|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1601458|nomatch=}}|Q1601458|Yes|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q61867910|nomatch=}}|Q61867910|Yes|}}}}}}} | label68 = [[Trigeneration]]? | data68 = {{#if:{{{ps_trigeneration|}}}|{{{ps_trigeneration|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q61876608|nomatch=}}|Q61876608|Yes|}}}} | label69 = [[Integrated water and power plant|IWPP]]? | data69 = {{#if:{{{ps_iwpp|}}}|{{{ps_iwpp|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q64447720|nomatch=}}|Q64447720|Yes|}}}} | label70 = IWPP&nbsp;purification&nbsp;method | data70 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{ps_iwpp_technology|}}}}} |D=[[Distillation]] |R=[[Reverse osmosis plant|Reverse osmosis]] |#default={{{ps_iwpp_technology|}}} }}|{{#if:{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q64447720|nomatch=}}|Q64447720|IWPP|}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getQualifierValue|1=P1056|2={{{ps_iwpp_technology|}}}|name=ps_iwpp_technology|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q283|qual=P2079|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1056}}}}}}}}}} | label71 = IWPP&nbsp;water&nbsp;output | data71 = {{#if:{{{ps_iwpp_water_output|}}}|{{{ps_iwpp_water_output|}}}|{{#if:{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q64447720|nomatch=}}|Q64447720|IWPP|}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P1056|2={{{ps_iwpp_water_output|}}}|name=ps_iwpp_water_output|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q283|qual=P2197|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1056}}}}}}}}}} | label72 = IWPP&nbsp;water&nbsp;tariff | data72 = {{#if:{{{ps_iwpp_water_tariff|}}}|{{{ps_iwpp_water_tariff|}}}|{{#if:{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q64447720|nomatch=}}|Q64447720|IWPP|}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2555|2={{{ps_iwpp_water_tariff|}}}|name=ps_iwpp_water_tariff|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P2210|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1013}}}}}}}}|}} | label73 = Thermal&nbsp;capacity | data73 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2056|2={{{ps_thermal_capacity|}}}|name=ps_thermal_capacity|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2056}}}}}} | label74 = {{{ps_label1|}}} | data74 = {{{ps_data1|}}} | label75 = {{{ps_label2|}}} | data75 = {{{ps_data2|}}} | label76 = {{{ps_label3|}}} | data76 = {{{ps_data3|}}} | label77 = {{{ps_label4|}}} | data77 = {{{ps_data4|}}} | label78 = {{{ps_label5|}}} | data78 = {{{ps_data5|}}} | header79 = Power&nbsp;generation | data80 = <includeonly>{{#invoke:Infobox power station|psunits|qid={{{qid|}}}|ps_units_operational={{{ps_units_operational|}}}|ps_units_manu_model={{{ps_units_manu_model|}}}|ps_units_planned={{{ps_units_planned|}}}|ps_units_cancelled={{{ps_units_cancelled|}}}|ps_units_uc={{{ps_units_uc|}}}|ps_units_decommissioned={{{ps_units_decommissioned|}}}|dbug={{{dbug|}}}}}</includeonly> | label86 = [[Nameplate&nbsp;capacity]] | data86 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2109|2={{#iferror:{{#expr:0+{{formatnum:{{{ps_electrical_capacity|}}}|R}}}}|{{{ps_electrical_capacity|}}}|{{{ps_electrical_capacity|}}} [[Megawatt|MW]]}}|name=ps_electrical_capacity|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2109}}}}}} | label87 = [[Capacity factor|Capacity&nbsp;factor]] | data87 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P6639|2={{{ps_electrical_cap_fac|}}}|name=ps_electrical_cap_fac|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P6639}}}}}} | label88 = [[Net generation|Annual&nbsp;net&nbsp;output]] | data88 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P4131|2={{#iferror: {{#expr:0+{{formatnum:{{{ps_annual_generation|}}}|R}} }}| {{{ps_annual_generation|}}} | {{{ps_annual_generation|}}} [[GW·h]]}}|name=ps_annual_generation|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=ALL|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P4131}}}}}} | label89 = [[Energy storage#Storage capacity|Storage&nbsp;capacity]] | data89 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P4140|2={{{ps_storage_capacity|}}}|name=ps_storage_capacity|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P4140}}}}}} | header90 = External&nbsp;links | label91 = Website | data91 = {{If empty|{{{website|}}}|{{If first display both|{{URL2|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P856|2=|name=website|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|noicon=true}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P856}}}}}}}} | label92 = Commons | data92 = {{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P373|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n|noicon=true}}|[[Commons:Category:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P373|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n|noicon=true}}|Related&nbsp;media&nbsp;on&nbsp;Commons]]}} | below = <includeonly>{{#if:{{{child|}}}||{{EditOnWikidata|qid={{{qid|}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{extra|}}}|<br>{{{extra|}}}}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox power station with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Infobox power station]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y | child | embed | qid | suppressfields | fetchwikidata | onlysourced | name | name_official | logo | logo_size | logo_alt | image | image_caption | image_size | image_alt | location_map_size | location_map_caption | location_map_zoom | location_map_geomask | location_map_marker | country | location | coordinates | status | construction_began | commissioned | decommissioned | cost | owner | operator | employees | geo_type | geo_temp_requirement | geo_well_count | geo_well_depth | geo_water_output | np_reactors | np_reactor_type | np_reactor_supplier | solar_type | solar_csp_technology | solar_collectors | solar_collectors_area | solar_site_resource | solar_tracker | th_fuel_primary | th_fuel_secondary | th_fuel_tertiary | th_technology | tide_technology | tide_tsg_type | tide_barrage_height | tide_barrage_length | tide_barrage_width | tide_crosses | tide_channel_speed | tide_channel_volume | tide_range | wave_technology | wave_water_body | wave_water_depth | wave_shore_distance | wind_farm_type | wind_site_usage | wind_offshore_depth | wind_offshore_distance | wind_hub_height | wind_rotor_diameter | wind_rated_speed | ps_header | ps_site_area | ps_site_elevation | ps_chimneys | ps_cooling_towers | ps_cooling_source | ps_feed-in_tariff | ps_revenue | ps_combined_cycle | ps_cogeneration | ps_trigeneration | ps_thermal_capacity | ps_label1 | ps_data1 | ps_label2 | ps_data2 | ps_label3 | ps_data3 | ps_label4 | ps_data4 | ps_label5 | ps_data5 | ps_iwpp | ps_iwpp_technology | ps_iwpp_water_output | ps_iwpp_water_tariff | ps_units_operational | ps_units_manu_model | ps_units_planned | ps_units_cancelled | ps_units_uc | ps_units_decommissioned | ps_electrical_capacity | ps_electrical_cap_fac | ps_annual_generation | ps_storage_capacity | website | extra }}<!-- --><noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS. --> </noinclude> nwr2vwbk48roodlqnz8cqmfdragw10g 193054 193053 2026-06-20T15:28:24Z MT731 2184 193054 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | bodyclass = vcard | child = {{{child|}}} | subbox = {{{embed|}}} | above = {{If empty|{{{name|}}}|<includeonly>{{#invoke:WikidataIB|label}}</includeonly>|<includeonly>{{PAGENAMEBASE}}</includeonly>}} | aboveclass = fn org | abovestyle = background-color:#FFFFE6; | headerstyle = background-color:#FFFFE6; | autoheaders = y | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P154|2={{{logo|}}}|name=image|qid={{{qid|}}}|rank=best|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|noicon=true}}|size={{{logo_size|}}}|upright=1|alt={{{logo_alt|}}}}} | image2 = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P18|2={{{image|}}}|name=image|qid={{{qid|}}}|rank=best|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|noicon=true}}|size={{#if:{{{image_size|}}}|{{{image_size|}}}|300px}}|upright=1|alt={{{image_alt|}}}}} | caption2 = {{#if:{{{image|}}}|{{{image_caption|}}}|{{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P18|2=|name=image|qid={{{qid|}}}|rank=best|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|noicon=true}}|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P18|2=|name=caption|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P2096|qualsonly=true|rank=best|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|noicon=true}}}}}} | image3 = {{Infobox mapframe |id = {{{qid|}}} |coord = {{{coordinates|}}} |frame-width = {{Digits|1={{#if:{{{location_map_size|}}}|{{{location_map_size|}}}|300px}}}} |marker = {{{location_map_marker|industrial}}} |zoom = {{#if:{{{location_map_geomask|}}}|{{{location_map_zoom|}}}|{{{location_map_zoom|5}}}}} |geomask = {{#ifeq:{{{location_map_geomask|}}}|Yes|P17|<!-- -->}} |geomask-stroke-width = {{#ifeq:{{{location_map_geomask|}}}|Yes|0.5|<!-- -->}} |geomask-stroke-colour = {{#ifeq:{{{location_map_geomask|}}}|Yes|#000000|<!-- -->}} |geomask-fill = {{#ifeq:{{{location_map_geomask|}}}|Yes|#BABABA|<!-- -->}} |wikidata=yes }} | caption3 = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}}{{#property:P625}}|{{{location_map_caption|}}}}} | label1 = Official name | data1 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P1705|2={{{name_official|}}}|name=name_official|qid={{{qid|}}}|rank=best|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|noicon=true|list=ubl|lang={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropOfProp|prop1=P37|prop2=P424|qid={{#invoke:WikidataIB|followQid|props=P17|qid={{{qid|}}}}}|rank=best|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|noicon=true}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1705}}}}}} | label2 = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | data2 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P17|2={{{country|}}}|name=country|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P17}}}}}} | label3 = ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | data3 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P276|2={{{location|}}}|name=location|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P276}}}}}} | label4 = Coordinates | data4 = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}}|{{{coordinates|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|NONE|<!-- -->|{{#if:{{#Property:P625}}|{{If first display both|{{Coord|display=inline,title|format=dms}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|P625}}}}}}}}}}}} | label5 = ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ | data5 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{status|}}}}} |B=Being decommissioned |BD=Being decommissioned |C=Cancelled |D=Decommissioned |M=[[:wikt:mothball|Mothballed]] |O=Operational |P=Proposed |R=Renovating |U=Under construction |UC=Under construction |#default={{{status|}}} }}|{{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P730|name=status_commissioned|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=true}}|Decommissioned|}}|{{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P729|name=status_commissioned|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=true}}|Operational|}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P5817|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q30108381|nomatch=}}|Q30108381|Cancelled|}}|{{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P793|pval=Q385378|qual=P580|name=status_construction_began|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no|noicon=true}}|Under&nbsp;construction|}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P5817|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q811683|nomatch=}}|Q811683|Proposed|}}|}} | label6 = Construction&nbsp;began | data6 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P793|2={{{construction_began|}}}|name=construction_began|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q385378|qual=P580|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P793}}}}}} | label7 = [[Project commissioning|Commission&nbsp;date]] | data7 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P729|2={{{commissioned|}}}|name=commissioned|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P729}}}}}} | label8 = Decommission&nbsp;date | data8 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P730|2={{{decommissioned|}}}|name=decommissioned|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P730}}}}}} | label9 = Construction&nbsp;cost | data9 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2130|2={{{cost|}}}|name=cost|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P585|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|scale=8|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2130}}}}}} | label10 = {{Pluralize from text|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P127|2={{{owner|}}}|name=owner|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|shortname=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P127}}}}}}|singular=Owner|likely=Owners|plural=Owners}} | data10 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P127|2={{{owner|}}}|name=owner|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|shortname=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P127}}}}}} | label11 = {{Pluralize from text|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P137|2={{{operator|}}}|name=operator|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|shortname=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P137}}}}}}|singular=Operator|likely=Operators|plural=Operators}} | data11 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P137|2={{{operator|}}}|name=operator|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|shortname=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P137}}}}}} | label12 = Employees | data12 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P1128|2={{{employees|}}}|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P585|rank=best|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|name=employees|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1128}}}}}} | header13 = Geothermal&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Geothermal power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label14 = ᱞᱮᱠᱟ | data14 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{geo_type|}}}}} |DS=[[Dry steam power station|Dry steam]] |FS=[[Flash steam power station|Flash steam]] |BC=[[Binary cycle]] |#default={{{geo_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q41722964|nomatch=}}|Q41722964|[[Flash steam power station|Flash steam]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q41722780|nomatch=}}|Q41722780|[[Dry steam power station|Dry steam]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q4086827|nomatch=}}|Q4086827|[[Binary cycle power station|Binary cycle]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label15 = Min.&nbsp;source&nbsp;temp. | data15 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P5066|2={{{geo_temp_requirement|}}}|name=geo_temp_requirement|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q1049799|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P5066}}}}}} | label16 = Wells | data16 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{geo_well_count|}}}|name=geo_well_count|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q61846297|qual=P1114|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label17 = Max.&nbsp;well&nbsp;depth | data17 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{geo_well_depth|}}}|name=geo_well_depth|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q61846297|qual=P4511|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label18 = Hot&nbsp;water&nbsp;output | data18 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P1056|2={{{geo_water_output|}}}|name=geo_water_output|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q1419245|qual=P2197|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1056}}}}}} | header19 = Nuclear&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Nuclear power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label20 = Reactors | data20 = {{#if:{{{np_reactors|}}}|{{{np_reactors|}}}|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getSumOfParts|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|vlist=Q377968,Q468846,Q558152,Q558181,Q319449,Q3100709,Q1204277,Q379573,Q557804,Q552334,Q1058741,Q2058283,Q1622414,Q373950,Q4391458,Q432432,Q35957}}}} | label21 = Reactor&nbsp;type | data21 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{np_reactor_type|}}}}} |PWR=[[Pressurized water reactor|PWR]] |BWR=[[Boiling water reactor|BWR]] |PHWR=[[Pressurised heavy water reactor|PHWR]] |CANDU=[[CANDU reactor|CANDU]] [[Pressurised heavy water reactor|PHWR]] |RBMK=[[RBMK]] |GCR=[[Gas cooled reactor|GCR]] |HTGR=[[Very-high-temperature reactor|HTGR]] |VHTR=[[Very-high-temperature reactor|VHTR]] |AGR=[[Advanced gas-cooled reactor|AGR]] |GFR=[[Gas-cooled fast reactor|GFR]] |FBR=[[Fast breeder reactor|FBR]] |SFR=[[Sodium-cooled fast reactor|SFR]] |LFR=[[Lead-cooled fast reactor|LFR]] |PBR=[[Pebble bed reactor|PBR]] |MSR=[[Molten salt reactor|MSR]] |AHR=[[Aqueous homogeneous reactor|AHR]] |AHWR=[[Advanced heavy-water reactor|AHWR]] |VVER=[[VVER]] |#default={{{np_reactor_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q377968|nomatch=}}|Q377968|[[Pressurized water reactor|PWR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q468846|nomatch=}}|Q468846|[[Boiling water reactor|BWR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q558152|nomatch=}}|Q558152|[[Pressurized heavy-water reactor|PHWR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q558181|nomatch=}}|Q558181|[[CANDU reactor|CANDU]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q319449|nomatch=}}|Q319449|[[RBMK]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q3100709|nomatch=}}|Q3100709|[[Gas-cooled reactor|GCR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1204277|nomatch=}}|Q1204277|[[Very-high-temperature reactor|VHTR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q379573|nomatch=}}|Q379573|[[Advanced gas-cooled Reactor|AGR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q557804|nomatch=}}|Q557804|[[Gas-cooled fast reactor|GFR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q552334|nomatch=}}|Q552334|[[Fast breeder reactor|FBR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1058741|nomatch=}}|Q1058741|[[Sodium-cooled fast reactor|SFR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q2058283|nomatch=}}|Q2058283|[[Lead-cooled fast reactor|LFR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1622414|nomatch=}}|Q1622414|[[Pebble-bed reactor|PBR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q373950|nomatch=}}|Q373950|[[Molten salt reactor|MSR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q4391458|nomatch=}}|Q4391458|[[Aqueous homogeneous reactor|AHR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q432432|nomatch=}}|Q432432|[[Advanced heavy-water reactor|AHWR]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q35957|nomatch=}}|Q35957|[[VVER]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label22 = Reactor&nbsp;supplier | data22 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P527|2={{{np_reactor_supplier|}}}|name=np_reactor_supplier|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P176|qualsonly=y|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | header23 = Solar&nbsp;farm <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Solar power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label24 = ᱞᱮᱠᱟ | data24 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{solar_type|}}}}} |PV=[[Photovoltaics|Flat-panel PV]] |CPV=[[Concentrated photovoltaics|CPV]] |CSP=[[Concentrated solar power|CSP]] |#default={{{solar_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1003207|nomatch=}}|Q1003207|[[Photovoltaics|Standard PV]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q61950883|nomatch=}}|Q61950883|[[Concentrator photovoltaics|CPV]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q285927|nomatch=}}|Q285927|[[Concentrated solar power|CSP]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label25 = CSP&nbsp;technology | data25 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{solar_csp_technology|}}}}} |D=[[Solar thermal energy#Dish designs|Parabolic solar reflector]] |P=[[Parabolic trough]] |F=[[Fresnel reflector]] |T=[[Solar power tower]] |#default={{{solar_csp_technology|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q61954404|nomatch=}}|Q61954404|[[Solar thermal energy#Dish designs|Parabolic solar reflector]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q2051219|nomatch=}}|Q2051219|[[Parabolic trough]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q5155312|nomatch=}}|Q5155312|[[Fresnel reflector]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q13847726|nomatch=}}|Q13847726|[[Solar power tower]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label26 = [[Solar thermal collector|Collectors]] | data26 = {{#if:{{{solar_collectors|}}}|{{{solar_collectors|}}}|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getSumOfParts|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|vlist=Q2051219,Q1347279,Q5155312,Q61954404}}}} | label27 = Total&nbsp;collector&nbsp;area | data27 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P2046|2={{{solar_collectors_area|}}}|name=solar_collectors_area|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q1379273|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2046}}}}}} | label28 = Site&nbsp;resource | data28 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P6876|2={{{solar_site_resource|}}}|name=solar_site_resource|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P6876}}}}}} | label29 = Solar&nbsp;tracker | data29 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{solar_tracker|}}}}} |SA=[[Solar tracker#Single axis trackers|Single-axis]] |1A=[[Solar tracker#Single axis trackers|Single-axis]] |DA=[[Solar tracker#Dual axis trackers|Dual-axis]] |2A=[[Solar tracker#Dual axis trackers|Dual-axis]] |#default={{{solar_tracker|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63199411|nomatch=}}|Q63199411|[[Solar tracker#Single axis trackers|Single-axis]]|}} {{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63199420|nomatch=}}|Q63199420|[[Solar tracker#Dual axis trackers|Dual-axis]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | header30 = Thermal&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Thermal power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label31 = Primary&nbsp;fuel | data31 = {{If first display both|{{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P618|2={{{th_fuel_primary|}}}|name=th_fuel_primary|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P1545|qvalue=1|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{{|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P618|2={{{th_fuel_primary|}}}|name=th_fuel_primary|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P1545|qvalue=1|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}}}}|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{{|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P618|2=|name=th_fuel_primary|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}}}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P618}}}}}} | label32 = Secondary&nbsp;fuel | data32 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P618|2={{{th_fuel_secondary|}}}|name=th_fuel_secondary|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P1545|qvalue=2|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P618}}}}}} | label33 = Tertiary&nbsp;fuel | data33 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P618|2={{{th_fuel_tertiary|}}}|name=th_fuel_tertiary|qualID=P1545|qvalue=3|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|maxvals=1|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P618}}}}}} | label34 = Turbine&nbsp;technology | data34 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{th_technology|}}}}} |ST=[[Steam turbine]] |GT=[[Gas turbine]] |#default={{{th_technology|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P2670|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q193470|nomatch=}}|Q193470|[[Gas turbine]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P2670|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q189859|nomatch=}}|Q189859|[[Steam turbine]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | header35 = Tidal&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Tidal power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label36 = [[Tidal_power#Generating_methods|Type]] | data36 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{tide_technology|}}}}} |TB=[[Tidal barrage]] |TSG=[[Tidal stream generator]] |DTP=[[Dynamic tidal power]] |#default={{{tide_technology|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q7800783|nomatch=}}|Q7800783|[[Tidal barrage]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q3250943|nomatch=}}|Q3250943|[[Tidal stream generator]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label37 = Type&nbsp;of&nbsp;[[Tidal stream generator|TSG]] | data37 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{tide_tsg_type|}}}}} |HA=Horizontal axis |VA=Vertical axis |HF=Hydrofoil |AS=Archimedes screw |TK=Tidal kite |#default={{{tide_tsg_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363573|nomatch=}}|Q63363573|Horizontal axis|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363632|nomatch=}}|Q63363632|Vertical axis|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363679|nomatch=}}|Q63363679|Oscillating hydrofoil|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363745|nomatch=}}|Q63363745|Archimedes screw|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63363781|nomatch=}}|Q63363781|Tidal kite|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label38 = Barrage&nbsp;height | data38 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{tide_barrage_height|}}}|name=tide_barrage_height|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q7800783|qual=P2048|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label39 = Barrage&nbsp;length | data39 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{tide_barrage_length|}}}|name=tide_barrage_length|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q7800783|qual=P2043|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label40 = Barrage&nbsp;width | data40 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{tide_barrage_width|}}}|name=tide_barrage_width|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q7800783|qual=P2049|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label41 = Crosses | data41 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P177|2={{{tide_crosses|}}}|name=tide_crosses|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P177}}}}}} | label42 = Channel&nbsp;speed | data42 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P177|2={{{tide_channel_speed|}}}|name=tide_channel_speed|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P177|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|qual=P2052|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P177}}}}}} | label43 = Channel&nbsp;volume | data43 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P177|2={{{tide_channel_volume|}}}|name=tide_channel_volume|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P177|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|qual=P2225|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P177}}}}}} | label44 = [[Tidal range|Tidal&nbsp;range]] | data44 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P4441|2={{{tide_range|}}}|name=tide_range|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P4441}}}}}} | header45 = Wave&nbsp;power&nbsp;station <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Wave power station articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label46 = [[Wave_power#Modern_technology|Type]] | data46 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{wave_technology|}}}}} |SA=Surface-following attenuator |PA=Point absorber |OS=Oscillating wave surge converter |OC=[[Oscillating water column]] |OT=Overtopping/Terminator |PD=Submerged pressure differential |BW=Bulge wave device |RM=Rotating mass |#default={{{wave_technology|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367036|nomatch=}}|Q63367036|Attenuator|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367054|nomatch=}}|Q63367054|Point absorber|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367137|nomatch=}}|Q63367137|Oscillating wave surge converter|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q3683519|nomatch=}}|Q3683519|[[Oscillating water column]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367204|nomatch=}}|Q63367204|Overtopping/Terminator|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367211|nomatch=}}|Q63367211|Submerged pressure differential|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367217|nomatch=}}|Q63367217|Bulge wave device|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P527|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q63367226|nomatch=}}|Q63367226|Rotating mass|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label47 = Water&nbsp;body | data47 = {{#if:{{{wave_water_body|}}}|{{{wave_water_body|}}}|{{#if:{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q3068975|nomatch=}}|Q3068975|Wave power station|}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P206|2=|name=wave_water_body|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P206}}}}}}}}}} | label48 = Water&nbsp;depth | data48 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P206|2={{{wave_water_depth|}}}|name=wave_water_depth|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P206|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|qual=P4511|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P206}}}}}} | label49 = Distance&nbsp;from&nbsp;shore | data49 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P206|2={{{wave_shore_distance|}}}|name=wave_shore_distance|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P206|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|qual=P2787|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P206}}}}}} | header50 = Wind&nbsp;farm <includeonly>{{Main other|[[Category:Wind farm articles using Infobox power station]]}}</includeonly> | label51 = [[Wind farm#Types|Type]] | data51 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{wind_farm_type|}}}}} |ON=[[Onshore wind farm|Onshore]] |OF=[[Offshore wind farm|Offshore]] |#default={{{wind_farm_type|}}} }}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q50687555|nomatch=}}|Q50687555|[[Onshore wind farm|Onshore]]|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1357601|nomatch=}}|Q1357601|[[Offshore wind farm|Offshore]]|}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label52 = Site&nbsp;usage | data52 = {{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q50687555|nomatch=}}|Q50687555|{{{wind_site_usage|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P366|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q11451|nomatch=}}|Q11451|Agriculture|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P366|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q2153464|nomatch=}}|Q2153464|Livestock farming|}} |{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P366|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q911871|nomatch=}}|Q911871|Wilderness|}}}}</includeonly>}}}|}} | label53 = Max.&nbsp;water&nbsp;depth | data53 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P4511|2={{{wind_offshore_depth|}}}|name=wind_offshore_depth|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q1357601|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P4511}}}}}} | label54 = Distance&nbsp;from&nbsp;shore | data54 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P2043|2={{{wind_offshore_distance|}}}|name=wind_offshore_distance|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q1357601|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2043}}}}}} | label55 = Hub&nbsp;height | data55 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P516|2={{{wind_hub_height|}}}|name=wind_hub_height|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|qual=P2048|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P516}}}}}} | label56 = Rotor&nbsp;diameter | data56 = {{If empty|{{{wind_rotor_diameter|}}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P516|name=wind_rotor_diameter|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|qual=P2386|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P516}}}}}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P2386|2=|name=wind_rotor_diameter|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q193466|qid={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|rank=best|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|P2386}}}}}}}} | label57 = Rated&nbsp;wind&nbsp;speed | data57 = {{If empty|{{{wind_rated_speed|}}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P516|2=|name=wind_rated_speed|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|qual=P5065|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P516}}}}}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P5065|2=|name=wind_rated_speed|qid={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|qualID=P1013|qvalue=Q64441440|rank=best|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P516|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=no|rank=best|maxvals=1}}|P5065}}}}}}}} | header58 = {{#if:{{{ps_header|}}}|{{{ps_header|}}}|_BLANK_}} | label59 = Site&nbsp;area | data59 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValueByQual|1=P2046|2={{{ps_site_area|}}}|name=ps_site_area|qid={{{qid|}}}|qualID=P518|qvalue=Q159719|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2046}}}}}} | label60 = Site&nbsp;elevation | data60 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2044|2={{{ps_site_elevation|}}}|name=ps_site_elevation|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2044}}}}}} | label61 = Chimneys | data61 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{ps_chimneys|}}}|name=ps_chimneys|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q170477|qual=P1114|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label62 = Cooling&nbsp;towers | data62 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2={{{ps_cooling_towers|}}}|name=ps_cooling_towers|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q193886|qual=P1114|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} | label63 = Cooling&nbsp;source | data63 = {{#if:{{{ps_cooling_source|}}}|{{{ps_cooling_source|}}}|<includeonly>{{Unbulleted list |{{If first display both|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P527|2=|name=ps_cooling_source|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q1049799|qual=P885|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P527}}}}}} |{{If first display both|{{#invoke:String2|ucfirst|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P588|name=ps_cooling_source|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P588}}}}}}}}</includeonly>|}} | label64 = [[Feed-in tariff|Feed-in&nbsp;tariff]] | data64 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P6826|2={{{ps_feed-in_tariff|}}}|name=ps_feed-in_tariff|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P1013|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|qlinked=true|unitabbr=false|qprefix=per" "|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P6826}}}}}} | label65 = Annual&nbsp;revenue | data65 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2139|2={{{ps_revenue|}}}|name=ps_revenue|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P585|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2139}}}}}} | label66 = [[Combined cycle|Combined&nbsp;cycle]]? | data66 = {{#if:{{{ps_combined_cycle|}}}|{{{ps_combined_cycle|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q900729|nomatch=}}|Q900729|Yes|}}}} | label67 = [[Cogeneration]]? | data67 = {{{ps_cogeneration|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q1601458|nomatch=}}|Q1601458|Yes|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q61867910|nomatch=}}|Q61867910|Yes|}}}}}}} | label68 = [[Trigeneration]]? | data68 = {{#if:{{{ps_trigeneration|}}}|{{{ps_trigeneration|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q61876608|nomatch=}}|Q61876608|Yes|}}}} | label69 = [[Integrated water and power plant|IWPP]]? | data69 = {{#if:{{{ps_iwpp|}}}|{{{ps_iwpp|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q64447720|nomatch=}}|Q64447720|Yes|}}}} | label70 = IWPP&nbsp;purification&nbsp;method | data70 = {{If empty|{{#switch:{{uc:{{{ps_iwpp_technology|}}}}} |D=[[Distillation]] |R=[[Reverse osmosis plant|Reverse osmosis]] |#default={{{ps_iwpp_technology|}}} }}|{{#if:{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q64447720|nomatch=}}|Q64447720|IWPP|}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getQualifierValue|1=P1056|2={{{ps_iwpp_technology|}}}|name=ps_iwpp_technology|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q283|qual=P2079|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1056}}}}}}}}}} | label71 = IWPP&nbsp;water&nbsp;output | data71 = {{#if:{{{ps_iwpp_water_output|}}}|{{{ps_iwpp_water_output|}}}|{{#if:{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q64447720|nomatch=}}|Q64447720|IWPP|}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getQualifierValue|1=P1056|2={{{ps_iwpp_water_output|}}}|name=ps_iwpp_water_output|qid={{{qid|}}}|pval=Q283|qual=P2197|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|convert=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1056}}}}}}}}}} | label72 = IWPP&nbsp;water&nbsp;tariff | data72 = {{#if:{{{ps_iwpp_water_tariff|}}}|{{{ps_iwpp_water_tariff|}}}|{{#if:{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|match|s={{#invoke:WikidataIB|getPropertyIDs|1=P31|qid={{{qid|}}}|fwd=ALL|osd=n}}|pattern=Q64447720|nomatch=}}|Q64447720|IWPP|}}|{{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2555|2={{{ps_iwpp_water_tariff|}}}|name=ps_iwpp_water_tariff|qid={{{qid|}}}|qual=P2210|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P1013}}}}}}}}|}} | label73 = Thermal&nbsp;capacity | data73 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2056|2={{{ps_thermal_capacity|}}}|name=ps_thermal_capacity|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2056}}}}}} | label74 = {{{ps_label1|}}} | data74 = {{{ps_data1|}}} | label75 = {{{ps_label2|}}} | data75 = {{{ps_data2|}}} | label76 = {{{ps_label3|}}} | data76 = {{{ps_data3|}}} | label77 = {{{ps_label4|}}} | data77 = {{{ps_data4|}}} | label78 = {{{ps_label5|}}} | data78 = {{{ps_data5|}}} | header79 = Power&nbsp;generation | data80 = <includeonly>{{#invoke:Infobox power station|psunits|qid={{{qid|}}}|ps_units_operational={{{ps_units_operational|}}}|ps_units_manu_model={{{ps_units_manu_model|}}}|ps_units_planned={{{ps_units_planned|}}}|ps_units_cancelled={{{ps_units_cancelled|}}}|ps_units_uc={{{ps_units_uc|}}}|ps_units_decommissioned={{{ps_units_decommissioned|}}}|dbug={{{dbug|}}}}}</includeonly> | label86 = [[Nameplate&nbsp;capacity]] | data86 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P2109|2={{#iferror:{{#expr:0+{{formatnum:{{{ps_electrical_capacity|}}}|R}}}}|{{{ps_electrical_capacity|}}}|{{{ps_electrical_capacity|}}} [[Megawatt|MW]]}}|name=ps_electrical_capacity|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P2109}}}}}} | label87 = [[Capacity factor|Capacity&nbsp;factor]] | data87 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P6639|2={{{ps_electrical_cap_fac|}}}|name=ps_electrical_cap_fac|qid={{{qid|}}}|fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|ALL}}}|suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}}|onlysourced={{{onlysourced|false}}}|unitabbr=true|sorted=true|noicon=true|list=ubl}}|{{#ifeq:{{{refs|no}}}|yes|{{Wikidata|references|normal+|{{{qid|}}}|P6639}}}}}} | label88 = [[Net generation|Annual&nbsp;net&nbsp;output]] | data88 = {{If first display both|{{#invoke:WikidataIB|getValue|1=P4131|2={{#iferror: {{#expr:0+{{formatnum:{{{ps_annual_generation|}}}|R}} }}| {{{ps_annual_generation|}}} | {{{ps_annual_generation|}}} 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tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox airport | name = ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ | image = Baramati Airport Ramp Evening view.jpg | IATA = none | ICAO = IN-0024 | type = ᱫᱤᱥᱣᱟᱹ | owner = M.I.D.C. | operator = M.I.D.C. | city-served = [[ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ]] | location = [[ᱜᱳᱡᱩᱣᱟᱵᱤ]], [[ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ]], [[ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] {{flagicon|India}} | elevation-f = 1982 | elevation-m = 604 | coordinates = {{coord|18|13|43|N|074|35|04|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}} | website = | pushpin_map = India | pushpin_mark = Red_pog.svg | pushpin_mapsize = 250 | r1-number = 11/29 | r1-length-f = 5,807 | r1-length-m = 1,770 | r1-surface = Paved }} '''ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ]], [[ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ/ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱒ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ MIDC ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱮᱱᱨᱟᱞ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱭᱞᱚᱴ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ== ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱐᱔ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ MSL ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱘᱒.᱕ ᱦᱮᱠᱴᱟᱨ (᱔᱕᱑ ᱮᱠᱚᱨ) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱱᱣᱮ ᱑᱑/᱒᱙ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱯᱟᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱱᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱨᱮᱱᱪ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖ LCN ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱤᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱩᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱗᱕ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱑᱒ ᱥᱠᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251009075331/http://www.baramatiairport.co.in/aboutus.html] ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱯᱚᱨᱴ ᱵᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ</ref> ==ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ== ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ (Freq. =129.25 MHz) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱨ ᱮᱵᱤᱭᱚᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱮᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱭᱞᱚᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱯᱞᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱭᱞᱚᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱥᱯᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱩᱠᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱭᱞᱚᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱹᱮᱪᱹᱮᱯᱷᱹ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱣᱮᱱᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Carver Aviation |url=http://www.carveraviation.com/infrastructure4.htm |access-date=24 October 2023 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402145839/http://www.carveraviation.com/infrastructure4.htm |archive-date=2 April 2012 }}</ref> ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱯᱟᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ x ᱗᱕ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱤ.ᱮᱪ.ᱯᱷᱤ. ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱥᱚᱠ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱣᱛᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=M.I.D.C. |url=http://www.midcindia.org/Pages/SectorialStrength.aspx#5 |access-date=24 October 2023 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328122747/http://www.midcindia.org/Pages/SectorialStrength.aspx |archive-date=28 March 2012 }}</ref> [[File:Baramati Airport Adivisory tower.jpg|thumb|alt= Alt text|ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱴᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ C ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱭᱞᱚᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ ᱾ 11 ᱫᱚ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ 11 ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ ᱾]] ==ᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱯᱞᱟᱱ== ᱨᱤᱞᱟᱭᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱰᱮᱵᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱸᱴᱥ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱱᱤᱞ ᱚᱢᱵᱟᱱᱤ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱙᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱤᱰᱤ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ,<ref name="IE6">{{cite news|title=MIDC-run airports set for makeover |url=http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/midcrun-airports-set-for-makeover/329583/ |newspaper=Indian Express |date=1 July 2008 |access-date=24 October 2023 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014231613/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/midcrun-airports-set-for-makeover/329583/ |archive-date=14 October 2012 }}</ref> ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱵᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱡᱮᱴᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱡᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ]] tousgcjmef7qnn2sh5m35waq5uj19hz 0 30241 193042 166959 2026-06-20T13:46:39Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193042 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱯᱟᱨᱞ ᱯᱟᱫᱚᱢᱥᱤ''' (᱑᱙᱓᱑ – ᱒᱓ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱐᱐) ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱐-᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱴᱮᱡ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ, ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱳᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱴᱟ ᱢᱤᱴᱷᱟ, ᱡᱩᱱᱩᱱ, ᱵᱟᱟᱛᱳᱱ ᱵᱟᱟᱛᱳᱱ ᱢᱮᱸ, ᱠᱟᱟᱢᱟ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱟ: ᱮ ᱴᱮᱞ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱪ ᱮ ᱞᱚᱝ ᱡᱟᱨᱱᱤ᱾<ref>{{cite news |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/person/148580/Pearl-Padamsee?scp=1&sq=Pearl%20Padamsee&st=cse |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103102114/http://movies.nytimes.com/person/148580/Pearl-Padamsee?scp=1&sq=Pearl%20Padamsee&st=cse |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 November 2012 |department=Movies & TV Dept. |work=[[The New York Times]] |year=2012 |title=Pearl Padamsee: Filmography}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱣᱟᱨᱠᱥᱳᱯ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ᱾<ref name=Sashinyt>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/19/opinion/IHT-bombay-in-the-60sa-morality-play.html |title=Bombay in the '60s:a morality play |last=Tharoor |first=Shashi |work=[[International Herald Tribune]] |authorlink=Shashi Tharoor |date=19 February 2003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625171532/https://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/19/opinion/IHT-bombay-in-the-60sa-morality-play.html |archive-date=25 June 2023}}</ref> ᱯᱨᱳᱯᱷᱮᱥᱟᱱᱟᱞ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨ ᱵᱤᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱫᱟᱢᱥᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱱᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱪᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱜᱷᱫᱟᱫᱤ ᱡᱤᱣ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱮᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱫᱟᱢᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, "ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱮᱠᱥᱟᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱨᱟᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱠᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱠᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱟᱨ "ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱨᱳᱯᱳᱞᱳᱡᱤ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ᱾" ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱳᱣᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ: ᱨᱟᱱᱡᱤᱛ ᱪᱳᱣᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱳᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱪᱳᱣᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ᱾ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱤᱥ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ "ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ" ᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱴᱮᱞᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱨᱳᱰᱣᱮ ᱯᱨᱳᱰᱚᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱨᱳᱰᱭᱩᱥ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱡ, ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱳᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱭᱤᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱴ, ᱮᱠᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱳᱰᱭᱩᱥ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱞ ᱮᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱫᱟᱢᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱵᱽ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱫᱟᱢᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ, ᱯᱟᱨᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ, ᱨᱟᱮᱞ ᱯᱟᱫᱟᱢᱥᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱨᱟᱮᱞ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱞᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱞ ᱯᱟᱫᱟᱢᱥᱤ ᱒᱓ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱪᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== * {{IMDb name|0655590}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121104024657/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-25/mumbai/28115744_1_raell-padamsee-theatre-personality-dolly-thakore A night remembering 'Pearl' (25 Apr 2010)] ''[[The Times of India]]'' 184otks3fxstrzn5dgktowrlck88q9x 0 31493 193033 171584 2026-06-20T12:07:27Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193033 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱪᱚᱭᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱦ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴ,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aleya |first=Shikha |date=2019-06-01 |title=Interview: Chayanika Shah |url=https://www.tarshi.net/inplainspeak/interview-chayanika-shah/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=In Plainspeak |language=en-US}}</ref> ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱴ, ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱥᱴᱚᱰᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱱᱥ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ, ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤᱡᱤᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱩᱣᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ, ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤᱡᱤᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱯᱤᱠ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱮᱥᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤᱡᱤᱢ, ᱠᱩᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bazzul |first1=Jesse |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=afaEDwAAQBAJ&dq=chayanika+shah&pg=PA29 |title=Critical Voices in Science Education Research: Narratives of Hope and Struggle |last2=Siry |first2=Christina |date=2019-01-23 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-99990-6 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Rosario">{{Cite news |last=Rosario |first=Kennith |date=2020-02-25 |title=No NRC-NPR in State, say women, queer collectives, demand assurance from CM |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/no-nrc-npr-in-state-say-women-queer-collectives-demand-assurance-from-cm/article30917613.ece |access-date=2023-03-29 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮᱜᱮᱸᱥᱴ ᱚᱯᱚᱯᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱣᱩᱢᱮᱱ, ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮᱜᱮᱸᱥᱴ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱰᱤᱴᱚᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱸᱰ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱯᱨᱤᱥᱤᱞᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ (FASDSP) ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ LABIA ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ - ᱮ ᱠᱩᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴ LBT ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-09-07 |title=Legal battle reflects a broader rights struggle: LGBT activists |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/legal-battle-reflects-a-broader-rights-struggle-lgbt-activists/story-hIDGc9ad7ytTniXPWKWW7N.html |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Chayanika Shah, 2019 – QAMRA |url=https://qamra.in/collections/377interviews/chayanika-shah-2019/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329111211/https://qamra.in/collections/377interviews/chayanika-shah-2019/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ== ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱐-᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ) ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨᱥ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ IIT-ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱤᱮᱪᱰᱤ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ "Many Body Effects in Homogenous and Inhomogenous Electron Systems" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱨᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱨᱤᱭᱮᱥᱴᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱚᱨᱮᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱯᱤᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱤᱥᱚᱨᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱮ ᱟᱴᱮᱸᱰ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ IIT ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱤᱜᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱩᱣᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱨᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ "Ladies’ Hostel" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "Hostel Number 10" ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱥᱴᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱞᱥ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱩᱞᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱯ ᱠᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱵᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ National Forum Against Rape (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ Forum against Oppression of Women ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ) ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱮᱨᱮᱸᱥ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ, ᱮᱢᱚᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱵᱷᱚᱯᱟᱞ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱴᱨᱮᱡᱮᱰᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱴᱤᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞᱥ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱢᱩᱵᱷᱢᱮᱸᱴ (PSM) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱝᱜᱚᱴᱷᱤᱛ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱽᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱚᱯᱚᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱵᱷ ᱯᱚᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ PSM ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱥᱟᱝᱜᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱴᱤᱪᱤᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱚᱱᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱹᱥᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ “ᱞᱟᱹᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱰᱩᱭᱤᱝ” ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱡᱩᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱰᱤᱯᱞᱚᱭᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ== ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱚ-ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ “ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱠᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱯ”, “We and Our Fertility: The politics of technological intervention”, “No Outlaws in the Gender Galaxy” (ᱡᱩᱵᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱠᱥ), ᱟᱨ “Space, Segregation, Discrimination: The Politics of Space in Institutions of Higher Education” (ᱭᱳᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱠᱚᱱᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱣᱤᱠᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱨᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱥᱚᱨᱪ ᱯᱮᱯᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ-ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chayanika Shah |url=https://www.epw.in/author/chayanika-shah |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=Economic and Political Weekly |language=en}}</ref> ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== gsb6d6gk65qmapi91bbf1ahu0srdrh6 0 32119 193066 175166 2026-06-20T17:03:32Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | photo1a = BujumburaFromCathedral.jpg | photo2a = Burundi - monument to heros of independence.jpg | photo2b nduwayezu Joseline= Bujumbura - Flickr - Dave Proffer (5).jpg | photo3a = Cathédrale Regina Mundi de Bujumbura, 2006.jpg | photo3b = Playa de los Cocos, Bujumbura, Burundi.jpg | spacing = 2 | position = center | color_border = white | color = white | size = 280 | foot_montage = ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ: ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ ᱥᱠᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱤᱱ; ᱛᱟᱞᱟ: ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱣ, ᱰᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ; ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱛᱷᱮᱰᱨᱟᱞ, ᱛᱟᱝᱜᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱲᱮ }} |nickname = {{IPAc-en|ˌ|b|ʊ|dʒ|əm|ˈ|b|ʊr|ə}}, {{IPAc-en|ˌ|b|ʊ|ˈ|dʒ|ʊ|m|b|ʊr|ə}} |image_flag = |image_seal = |pushpin_map = Burundi |pushpin_mapsize = 270 |subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ |subdivision_name = {{flag|ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ}} |subdivision_type1 = ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ |subdivision_name1 = [[ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱡᱟ ᱢᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] |established_title = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ |established_date = ᱑᱘᱗᱑ |leader_title = ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ |leader_name = [[ᱡᱤᱢᱤ ᱦᱟᱴᱩᱜᱤᱢᱟᱱᱟ]] |area_magnitude = |area_urban_km2 = 127 |area_land = |area_water = |population_as_of = 2023 |population_urban = 1143202 |population_urban_footnotes = <ref>[https://populationstat.com/burundi/bujumbura PopulationStat] Population of Bujumbura, city and urban area</ref> |population_total = 374809 |population_footnotes = <ref>[https://chislennost.com/en/bi/population_of_bujumbura_8403.html Chislennost.com] Population of Bujumbura city</ref> |population_density_urban_km2 = auto |timezone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]] |utc_offset = +2 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|3|23|S|29|22|E|region:BI-BJ_type:city|display=inline,title}} |elevation_m = 774 |blank_name = [[ᱠᱚᱯᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱸᱭᱼᱦᱤᱸᱥᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ|ᱦᱚᱭᱼᱦᱤᱸᱥᱤᱫ]] |blank_info = [[ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱭᱼᱦᱤᱸᱥᱤᱫ]] |website = {{URL|http://www.mairiebujumbura.gov.bi/}} |footnotes = }} '''ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ''' ([[ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]]: [buʒumbuʁa]; ᱠᱤᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ: [buʒuᵐbuɾa]), ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱩᱥᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ, ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ, ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱚᱨᱴ, ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ, ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱛᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱷᱫᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱲᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ‌ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱱᱠᱩᱨᱩᱱᱡᱤᱡᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱤᱛᱮᱜᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱖ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱯᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱴᱮᱜᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟ‌ᱢ== ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱦᱩᱛᱩ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱛᱩᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== [[File:Bujumbura & Lake Tanganyika.JPG|thumb|left|[[ᱛᱟᱝᱜᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ]]]] ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱟᱝᱜᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭᱠᱟᱞ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱡᱤᱡᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱴᱤᱢᱵᱩᱡᱤ, ᱱᱛᱟᱦᱟᱝᱜᱣᱟ, ᱢᱩᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱭᱚᱥᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ==ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ== ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ==ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ==ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ== ==ᱦᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱱ== [[ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱭᱟᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱸᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ==ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ== ==ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ== ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Commons category-inline|ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ}} *{{wikivoyage inline|ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱢᱵᱩᱨᱟ}} *{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081201093809/http://www.villedebujumbura.org/ Official Website of Bujumbura]}} *{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080912181334/http://www.villedebujumbura.org/images/carte_de_bujumbura.gif Map of Bujumbura]}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20121204213713/http://justice.gov.bi/ Official Website of the Ministry of Justice of Burundi] *[http://www.lonelyplanet.com/burundi/bujumbura Lonely Planet guide] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== j41p86thov3wsnlf5izizsrzjtfsz16 0 32893 193030 180218 2026-06-20T12:00:03Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox rail service | color = 28457D | name = ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ-ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ<br>''ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ'' | logo = Ministry of Railways India.svg | logo_width = | image = | image_width = 300px | image_alt = | alt = | caption = | type = [[ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] | locale = [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] | first = {{start date and age|03 September 2024}} (ᱩᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ) | last = | operator = [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ (ᱮᱱ.ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱭᱩ.ᱟᱨ.)]] | ridership = | start = {{stnlnk|ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ}} (UDZ) | stops = ᱗ | end = {{stnlnk|ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ}} (AGC) | distance = {{convert|610|km|0|abbr=on}} | journeytime = ᱐᱘ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱔᱕ ᱴᱤᱯᱤᱡ | frequency = ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ {{efn|Only Mondays, Thursdays & Saturdays}} | trainnumber = ᱒᱐᱙᱘᱑ / ᱒᱐᱙᱘᱒ | line_used = *[[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ-ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱳᱨᱜᱚᱲ-ᱠᱳᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ]] *[[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ-ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ|ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ-ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ (ᱴᱤᱞ ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ)]] *[[ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟ-ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ]] | class = ᱮᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨ, ᱮᱥᱤ ᱮᱠᱡᱤᱠᱭᱩᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱪᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨ | seating = {{Hlist|ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ| ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱠᱚ}} | sleeping = ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ | autorack = | catering = ᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱨᱰ ᱠᱮᱴᱚᱨᱤᱝ | observation = ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱷᱚᱨᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ | entertainment = {{Hlist|[[ᱣᱟᱭ-ᱯᱷᱟᱭ|ᱚᱱ-ᱵᱚᱨᱰ ᱣᱟᱭᱯᱷᱟᱭ]]|ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱴᱮᱭᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ|[[:en:AC power plugs and sockets: British and related types#Indian IS 1293|ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱟᱣᱩᱴᱞᱮᱴᱥ]]|ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ|ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱯᱚᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱞ ᱦᱳᱞᱰᱟᱨ|ᱴᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱵᱩᱞ}} | baggage = ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱦᱮᱰ ᱨᱮᱠ ᱠᱚ | otherfacilities = [[ᱠᱟᱵᱟᱪ (ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱨᱳᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ)|ᱠᱟᱵᱟᱪ]] | stock = [[ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ#ᱢᱤᱱᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱢᱤᱱᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱒.᱐]] | gauge = [[:en:5 ft 6 in gauge railway|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱡᱽ]]<br/>{{track gauge|1676mm|allk=on}} ᱵᱚᱨᱰ ᱜᱮᱡᱽ | el = | speed = {{cvt|70|km/h|0|abbr=on}} (Avg.) | trainlength = {{convert|192|m|ft}} (᱐᱘ ᱠᱚᱪ ᱠᱚ) | owners = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞ]] | maintenance = [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ (UDZ)]] | sharing = [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ-ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ|᱒᱐᱙᱗᱙/᱒᱐᱙᱘᱐ ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ - ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ - ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] | map = {{ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ-ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ-ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ}} | map_state = collapsed | electrification = [[25 kV 50 Hz AC]] ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱦᱮᱰ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ }} ᱒᱐᱙᱘᱑/᱒᱐᱙᱘᱒ '''ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ-ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ ''ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ''''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱕᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ|ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱭᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱒ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱨᱮ [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Udaipur-Agra Vande Bharat {{!}} Udaipur Kiran |url=https://udaipurkiran.com/tag/udaipur-agra-vande-bharat/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=udaipurkiran.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=उदयपुर से आगरा के बीच वंदे भारत ट्रेन ने भरी रफ्तार, 7 शहरों में होगा स्टॉपेज, यहां देखिए किराया, टाइम टेबल सबकुछ |url=https://www.zeebiz.com/hindi/railways/udaipur-agra-cantt-vande-bharat-express-train-to-run-3-days-in-week-see-time-table-schedule-fare-all-details-here-182527 |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=Zee Business |language=Hindi}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-03 |title=Vande Bharat Express: This state got a new Vande Bharat Express train, know everything from route, timing, fare and stops - informalnewz |url=https://www.informalnewz.com/vande-bharat-express-this-state-got-a-new-vande-bharat-express-train-know-everything-from-route-timing-fare-and-stops/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |language=en-US}}</ref> ᱒ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ '''᱖ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ''' ᱠᱷᱚᱱ '''᱓ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ''' ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ - ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱠ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ '''᱓ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ''' ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ== ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ]], [[ᱨᱟᱬᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱨᱟᱬᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]], [[ᱢᱟᱵᱷᱞᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱢᱟᱵᱷᱞᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ]], [[ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱵᱩᱸᱫᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱵᱩᱸᱫᱤ]], [[ᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ]], [[ᱥᱟᱣᱟᱭ ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱳᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱥᱟᱣᱟᱭᱤ ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱳᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ]], [[ᱜᱟᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱜᱟᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2024 |title=New Vande Bharat Superfast Train Between Udaipur and Agra; Check Route and Stops |url=https://www.nativeplanet.com/news/new-vande-bharat-superfast-train-between-udaipur-and-agra-check-route-and-stops-013197.html |access-date=3 September 2024 |website=Native Planet |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vande Bharat Train: Agra Gets Its Third Vande Bharat Train |url=https://www.india.com/news/vande-bharat-train-agra-udaipur-rana-pratap-nagar-station-mavli-junction-chanderiya-station-kota-junction-sawai-madhopur-gangapur-city-and-bayana-junction-7212052/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=www.india.com |language=en}}</ref> ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱙᱘᱑/᱒᱐᱙᱘᱒ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ (ᱚᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ, ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱦᱩᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ) ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-06 |title=New Vande Bharat Express Train from Udaipur to Agra Route, Schedule, Time Table |url=https://zeenews.india.com/web-stories/news/new-vande-bharat-express-train-from-udaipur-to-agra-route-schedule-time-table-2774620 |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=New Vande Bharat Superfast Train Between Udaipur City And Agra Cantt; Check Route, Stops, Timings |url=https://www.india.com/business/new-vande-bharat-superfast-train-between-udaipur-city-and-agra-cantt-check-route-stops-timings-7144420/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=www.india.com |language=en}}</ref> ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ-ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱠ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱓ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ (ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ, ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱨᱩᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ) ᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱨᱮᱠ ᱠᱚ== ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱞ-ᱯᱩᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ (ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱥᱮᱴ)#ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱲᱦᱤ|ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱲᱦᱤ]] ᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱞᱵᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ#ᱢᱤᱱᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱢᱤᱱᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱒.᱐ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱠ ᱤᱱ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ [[ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱢᱵᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱴᱤᱜᱨᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱪ ᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Train 18, India's Fastest, Named "Vande Bharat Express": Piyush Goyal |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/train-18-indias-fastest-named-vande-bharat-express-piyush-goyal-1983965 |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> ==ᱥᱮᱵᱟ== ᱒᱐᱙᱘᱑/᱒᱐᱙᱘᱒ ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ - ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ, ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱫᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱦᱩᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱗᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ/ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ (᱔᱓ ᱢᱤᱞ/ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱵᱷᱚᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱯᱤᱰ ᱛᱮ ᱘ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱑᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱓᱘᱐ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱯᱤᱰ ᱑᱓᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ/ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ (᱘᱑ ᱢᱤᱞ/ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ {| class="wikitable" |+ ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ - ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱒᱐᱙᱘᱑) <ref name="railradar-20981">{{cite web |url=https://railradar.in/train-status/20981 |title=(20981) Udaipur City - Agra Cantt. Vande Bharat Express Live Running Status |website=RailRadar |access-date=31 August 2025 |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- ! scope="col" | ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ! scope="col" | ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ ! scope="col" | ᱦᱮᱡ ! scope="col" | ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ! scope="col" | ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ (ᱴᱤᱯᱤᱡ) ! scope="col" | ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ (ᱠᱤᱢᱤ) ! scope="col" | ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ |- | ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ | UDZ | {{n/a}} | ᱐᱕:᱔᱕ | {{n/a}} | {{n/a}} | ᱑ |- | ᱨᱟᱬᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ | RPZ | ᱐᱕:᱕᱒ | ᱐᱕:᱕᱔ | ᱒ | ᱔.᱒ | ᱑ |- | ᱢᱟᱵᱷᱞᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ | MVJ | ᱐᱖:᱒᱕ | ᱐᱖:᱒᱗ | ᱒ | ᱔᱒.᱕ | ᱑ |- | ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ | CNA | ᱐᱗:᱔᱑ | ᱐᱗:᱔᱓ | ᱒ | ᱑᱑᱕.᱔ | ᱑ |- | ᱵᱩᱸᱫᱤ | BUDI | ᱐᱙:᱐᱘ | ᱐᱙:᱑᱐ | ᱒ | ᱒᱔᱑.᱑ | ᱑ |- | ᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ | KOTA | ᱐᱙:᱔᱕ | ᱐᱙:᱕᱕ | ᱑᱐ | ᱒᱗᱘.᱘ | ᱑ |- | ᱥᱟᱣᱟᱭ ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱳᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ | SWM | ᱑᱑:᱐᱐ | ᱑᱑:᱐᱒ | ᱒ | ᱓᱘᱖.᱗ | ᱑ |- | ᱜᱟᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ | GGC | ᱑᱑:᱔᱓ | ᱑᱑:᱔᱕ | ᱒ | ᱔᱕᱐.᱔ | ᱑ |- | ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱮᱱᱴ | AGC | ᱑᱔:᱓᱐ | {{n/a}} | {{n/a}} | ᱖᱑᱐.᱕ | ᱑ |} {| class="wikitable" |+ ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱮᱱᱴ - ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱒᱐᱙᱘᱒) <ref name="railradar-20982">{{cite web |url=https://railradar.in/train-status/20982 |title=(20982) Agra Cantt. - Udaipur City Vande Bharat Express Live Running Status |website=RailRadar |access-date=31 August 2025 |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- ! scope="col" | ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ! scope="col" | ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ ! scope="col" | ᱦᱮᱡ ! scope="col" | ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ! scope="col" | ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ (ᱴᱤᱯᱤᱡ) ! scope="col" | ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ (ᱠᱤᱢᱤ) ! scope="col" | ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ |- | ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱮᱱᱴ | AGC | {{n/a}} | ᱑᱕:᱐᱐ | {{n/a}} | {{n/a}} | ᱑ |- | ᱜᱟᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ | GGC | ᱑᱖:᱕᱓ | ᱑᱖:᱕᱕ | ᱒ | ᱑᱖᱐.᱑ | ᱑ |- | ᱥᱟᱣᱟᱭ ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱳᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ | SWM | ᱑᱗:᱓᱘ | ᱑᱗:᱔᱐ | ᱒ | ᱒᱒᱓.᱘ | ᱑ |- | ᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ | KOTA | ᱑᱙:᱐᱐ | ᱑᱙:᱑᱐ | ᱑᱐ | ᱓᱓᱑.᱗ | ᱑ |- | ᱵᱩᱸᱫᱤ | BUDI | ᱑᱙:᱓᱘ | ᱑᱙:᱔᱐ | ᱒ | ᱓᱖᱙.᱓ | ᱑ |- | ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ | CNA | ᱒᱑:᱓᱕ | ᱒᱑:᱓᱗ | ᱒ | ᱔᱙᱕.᱑ | ᱑ |- | ᱢᱟᱵᱷᱞᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ | MVJ | ᱒᱒:᱓᱕ | ᱒᱒:᱓᱗ | ᱒ | ᱕᱖᱘.᱐ | ᱑ |- | ᱨᱟᱬᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ | RPZ | ᱒᱓:᱑᱒ | ᱒᱓:᱑᱔ | ᱒ | ᱖᱐᱖.᱓ | ᱑ |- | ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ | UDZ | ᱒᱓:᱔᱕ | {{n/a}} | {{n/a}} | ᱖᱑᱐.᱕ | ᱑ |} ==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== * [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ-ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] * [[ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] * [[ᱛᱮᱡᱟᱥ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] * [[ᱜᱟᱛᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] * [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] * [[ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] ==ᱱᱳᱴᱥ== {{notelist}} ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} {{ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱮᱱᱡᱚᱨ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ]] no8blfuliqgqzeqt6sm6wmszsow5fju 0 35304 193034 189875 2026-06-20T12:26:11Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱪᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱴᱟᱞ | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱖᱕ | birth_place = ᱜᱳᱦᱟᱞᱰᱤᱦᱤ, [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] | death_date = {{death date and age|1992|8|16|1965|mf=yes}} | death_place = [[ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ]], [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] | death_cause = [[ᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱨ]] | other_names = |education = [[ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ([[ᱵᱮᱪᱮᱞᱚᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ|ᱵᱤ.ᱮ.]]) | spouse ={{marriage|ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱛᱷᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨ|1990}} | occupation = | years_active = | known_for = [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] | notable_works = }} '''ᱪᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱴᱟᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ [[ᱞᱳᱫᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ|ᱞᱳᱫᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱑᱙᱖᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱳᱦᱟᱞᱰᱤᱦᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱞᱳᱫᱷᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱳᱴᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱢᱮᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱛᱷᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱑ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱤᱡ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱣᱟᱨᱠᱥᱚᱯ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name=change/><ref name=epw1991/> == ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱠᱳᱴᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱟᱭᱤ.ᱴᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱯᱤ. ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱳᱫᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱞᱳᱫᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱨᱤᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>''Economic and Political Weekly'', she was the first lodha graduate women. Published by Sameeksha Trust., 1985. ''Page 1467''</ref><ref>''Dust on the Road: The Activist Writings of Mahasweta Devi'', by Mahasveta Devi, Maitreya Ghatak. Published by Seagull Books, 1997. {{ISBN|81-7046-143-X}}. ''The Story of Chuni Kotal - Page 136''.</ref> ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ 'ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱬᱤ [[ᱮᱥ.ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱨ ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ.]] ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱥᱴᱮᱞ' ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱥᱴᱮᱞ ᱥᱩᱯᱚᱨᱤᱱᱴᱮᱱᱰᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱧᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name=change/> [[ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱚᱨᱥ ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ([[ᱮᱢ.ᱮᱥ.ᱥᱤ.]]) ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱜᱨᱮᱰ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱨᱟᱭᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱤᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮ "ᱠᱨᱤᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ", ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱱᱚᱴᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ "ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ" ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Yib9wsfFMdQC&dq=Chuni+Kotal&pg=PA18 Introduction] ''Contested Belonging: An Indigenous People's Struggle for Forest and Identity in Sub-Himalayan Bengal'', by B. G. Karlsson, Published by Routledge, 2000. {{ISBN|0-7007-1179-1}}. ''Page 18-19''.</ref> ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱛᱷᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱫᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱨᱤᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name=change/> == ᱜᱩᱨ == ᱑᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱵᱟᱹᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱥᱤᱥᱴ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱛᱷᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱣᱟᱨᱠᱥᱚᱯ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱖ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=change>''The Changing Status of Women in West Bengal, 1970-2000: The Challenge Ahead'', by Jasodhara Bagchi, Sarmistha Dutta Gupta. Published by SAGE, 2005. {{ISBN|0-7619-3242-9}}. ''Tribal Women - Page 141''.</ref><ref name=epw1991>''Economic and Political Weekly'', Published by Sameeksha Trust., 29 August 1992. Page 1836.</ref> ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱴᱩᱰᱟᱹᱜ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱬ-ᱵᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>''Human Rights: Theory and Practice'', by Debi Chatterjee, Sucheta Ghosh, Sumita Sen, [[Jadavpur University]] Dept. of International Relations. Published by South Asian Publishers, 2002. {{ISBN|81-7003-247-4}}. ''Page 128''.</ref><ref>''Environment and Women Development: Lessons from Third World'', by G. K. Ghosh. Published by Ashish Publishing House, 1995. {{ISBN|81-7024-674-1}}. ''Page 270''.</ref><ref>[http://asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/sagar/fall.1994/dec.94.fn.html "Chuni Kotaler Attohota" ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080807163009/http://asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/sagar/fall.1994/dec.94.fn.html |date=7 August 2008 }} [[Anandabazar Patrika]], 20 August 1992."Debashish Bhottacharjo, "Amader Progotir Mukhosh Khule Dilen Chuni Kotal, Tanr Jibon Diye" "</ref> ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱛᱷᱟ, [[ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ]], ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱬ, ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>[http://www.dalitmirror.com/topic1.html Why Dalits in West Bengal are on Protest] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827150943/http://www.dalitmirror.com/topic1.html |date=27 August 2008 }} ''dalitmirror''.</ref> == ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ == ᱑᱙᱙᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ [[ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱴᱟᱞ ᱢᱮᱢᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱪᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>[https://nandigramunited.blogspot.com/2008/01/home-about-us-contact-us-community.html 13th Chuni Kotal Memorial Lecture]</ref> ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ, [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱳᱴᱤᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>[http://education.nic.in/cd50years/12/8I/74/8I740902.htm Media and Communication Supports] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410155941/http://education.nic.in/cd50years/12/8I/74/8I740902.htm |date=10 April 2009 }} Department of Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development, '' [[Govt. of India]] ''.</ref> ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ-ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱥᱣᱮᱛᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ, ᱵᱭᱟᱫᱷᱠᱷᱚᱱᱰᱚ (᱑᱙᱙᱔) ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20081201143111/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/lr/2002/07/07/stories/2002070700220500.htm Forgotten tales]}} [[The Hindu]], 7 July 2002.</ref> ᱦᱟᱨ ᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱟᱨ (᱒᱐᱒᱑) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱚᱵᱨᱚᱛᱚ ᱵᱚᱥᱩ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist|30em}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == *{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20081201143111/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/lr/2002/07/07/stories/2002070700220500.htm Forgotten Tales]}} ᱩᱢᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱵᱚᱱ-ᱫᱟᱥᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ''[[ᱫᱤ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]]'' ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱥᱣᱮᱛᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ''ᱫᱤ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱫᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱴᱚᱨ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱤᱣ ᱾ ᱒᱓ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱐৭ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kotal, Chuni}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ-ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱖᱕ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱜᱩᱨ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] be9ois9ugjf9qh976fwfc1qokmtvv9q 0 35850 193037 191993 2026-06-20T13:05:57Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193037 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ | other_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ | image_skyline = Dhupguri City.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ, ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ | pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India3 | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | coordinates = {{coord|26|35|20|N|89|00|25|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}} | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] | subdivision_type2 = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name2 = [[ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] | established_title = <!-- ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ --> | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | government_type = ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ | governing_body = ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|title=Dhupguri City|url=http://www.dhupgurimunicipality.org.in/|access-date=2026-05-09|archive-date=2026-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260108115034/http://www.dhupgurimunicipality.org.in/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = 14.9 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 80 | population_total = 44719 | population_as_of = ᱒᱐᱑᱑ | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | demographics_type1 = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ | demographics1_title1 = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ | demographics1_info1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]], [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]], | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | utc_offset1 = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐ | postal_code_type = ᱯᱤᱱ/ᱡᱤᱯ ᱠᱳᱰ | postal_code = ᱗᱓᱕᱒᱑᱐ | area_code_type = ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ/ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ | area_code = ᱐᱓᱕᱖᱓ | registration_plate = | blank1_name_sec1 = [[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ | blank1_info_sec1 = [[ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ (ᱮᱥ.ᱥᱤ.)]] | blank2_name_sec1 = [[ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ | blank2_info_sec1 = [[ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ (ᱮᱥ.ᱥᱤ.)]], [[ᱢᱟᱫᱟᱨᱤᱦᱟᱴ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱢᱟᱫᱟᱨᱤᱦᱟᱴ (ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ.)]], [[ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱠᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱠᱟᱴᱟ (ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ.)]] | website = {{URL|https://www.dhupgurimunicipality.org.in/}} | footnotes = }} '''ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱞᱫᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== {{OSM Location map | width=400| height=300| zoom=9 | coord={{coord|26|37|0|N|88|47|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ (ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ, ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ, ᱢᱟᱭᱱᱟᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ. ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ'''<br/>CT: ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, R: ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ/ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ, N: ᱟᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱮ, C: ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ, NP: ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ/ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ, TE: ᱪᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ<br/>ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ – TG ᱪᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ (ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ / ᱟᱹᱛᱩ), TE ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ, JRS: ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ<br/>ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ |mark-coord1={{coord|26|43|10|N|88|27|41|E}}| label-pos1=top|label1= Dabgram| numbered1=CT| mark-title1= [[ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (CT)|label-color1= #800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2 |mark-coord2={{coord|26|39|7|N|88|30|56|E}}| label-pos2=bottom|label2=Chakiabhita| numbered2=CT| mark-title2= [[ᱪᱟᱠᱤᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord3={{coord|26|39|35|N|88|28|7|E}}| label-pos3=left|label3=Binnaguri 2| numbered3=CT| mark-title3= [[ᱵᱤᱱᱱᱟᱜᱩᱲᱤ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord4={{coord|26|31|52|N|88|42|8|E}}| label-pos4=left|label4=Kharia| numbered4=CT| mark-title4= [[ᱠᱷᱟᱲᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] (CT) |mark-coord5={{coord|26|34|0|N|88|49|12|E}}| label-pos5=top|label5=Mainaguri| numbered5=CT| mark-title5= [[ᱢᱟᱭᱱᱟᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] (CT) |mark-coord6={{coord|26|32|50|N|88|50|17|E}}| label-pos6=right|label6=Dakshin Khagrabari| numbered6=CT| mark-title6= [[ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱜᱽᱲᱟᱵᱟᱲᱤ]] (CT) |mark-coord7={{coord|26|40|48|N|89|1|48|E}}| label-pos7=right|label7=Gairkata| numbered7=CT| mark-title7= [[ᱜᱟᱭᱨᱠᱟᱴᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord8={{coord|26|46|40|N|89|2|26|E}}| label-pos8=right|label8=Banarhat| numbered8=CT| mark-title8= [[ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨᱦᱟᱴ]] (CT) |mark-coord9={{coord|26|43|30|N|89|3|6|E}}| label-pos9=left|label9=Telipara TG| numbered9=CT| mark-title9= [[ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱪᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord10={{coord|26|30|10|N|88|43|48|E}}| label-pos10=right |label10=Jalpaiguri| numbered10=M| mark-title10= [[ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] (M)| shape-color10=#800000 |mark-coord11={{coord|26|36|10|N|89|0|25|E}}| label-pos11=right|label11=Dhupguri| numbered11=M| mark-title11= ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ (M) | shape-color11=#800000 |mark-coord12={{coord|26|45|20|N|89|3|20|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12= Binnaguri 1| numbered12=C| mark-title12=[[ᱵᱤᱱᱱᱟᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] (C)|shape-color12=#AA6666 |mark-coord13={{coord|26|38|19|N|88|24|59|E}}| label-pos13=left|label13=Phulbari|labela13=checkpoint| numbered13=R| mark-title13= [[ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱵᱟᱲᱤ, ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] (R)|shape-color13= #A42222 |mark-coord14={{coord|26|34|50|N|88|31|43|E}}| label-pos14=left|label14=Rajganj| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ, ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] (R)|shape-color14= #A42222 |mark-coord15={{coord|26|35|24|N|88|35|20|E}}| label-pos15=right|label15=Belakoba| numbered15=R| mark-title15= [[ᱵᱮᱞᱟᱠᱳᱵᱟ]] (R)|shape-color15= #A42222 |mark-coord16={{coord|26|33|31|N|88|41|57|E}}| label-pos16= left |label16= Danguajhar TE | numbered16=TE| mark-title16= [[ᱰᱟᱺᱜᱩᱣᱟᱹᱡᱷᱚᱨ ᱪᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ]] (TE)| shape-color16=#87A96B |mark-coord17={{coord|26|48|17|N|89|0|13|E}}| label-pos17= right |label17= Gandrapara TE | numbered17=TE| mark-title17= [[ᱜᱟᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱪᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ]] (TE)| shape-color17=#87A96B |mark-coord18={{coord|26|49|45|N|89|0|53|E}}| label-pos18= top |label18= Lakhipara TE | numbered18=TE| mark-title18= [[ᱜᱟᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱪᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ]] (TE)| shape-color18=#87A96B |mark-coord19={{coord|26|41|20|N|88|25|50|E}} | label-pos19=right|label19=New Jalpaiguri JRS| numbered19=F| mark-title19= [[ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] (F)| shape-color19= #A40000 |mark-coord20={{coord|26|43|10|N|88|48|10|E}}| label-pos20=bottom|label20=Gorumara |labela20= National| labelb20= Park| numbered20=NP| mark-title20= [[ᱜᱳᱨᱩᱢᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ]] (NP)| shape-color20=#228B22 |mark-coord21={{coord|26|52|40|N|88|51|18|E}}| label-pos21=bottom|label21=Chapramari |labela21= Wildlife| labelb21= Sanctuary| numbered21=NP| mark-title21= [[ᱪᱟᱯᱨᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ]] (NP)| shape-color21=#228B22 |mark-coord22={{coord|26|43|43|N|88|35|40|E}}|label22= Teesta| label-color22 = #77A1CB| label-angle22=60| label-pos22=top| label-size22=10| mark-size22=0| mark-title22=none |mark-coord23={{coord|26|38|0|N|88|39|40|E}}|label23= River| label-color23 = #77A1CB| label-angle23=50| label-pos23=top| label-size23=10| mark-size23=0| mark-title23=none |mark-coord24={{coord|26|39|0|N|88|53|0|E}}|label24= ᱡᱟᱞᱫᱷᱟᱠᱟ | labela24=ᱜᱟᱰᱟ| label-color24 = #77A1CB| label-angle24=80| label-pos24=top| label-size24=10| mark-size24=0| mark-title24=none |arc-coordA={{coord|26|30|0|N|88|25|0|E}}|arc-textA= ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA=28| arc-gapA=3.5| arc-radiusA=0.4 |arc-coordB={{coord|26|56|30|N|89|6|30|E}}|arc-textB= ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ| arc-text-colorB=hard grey| arc-angleB=20| arc-gapB=3.5| arc-radiusB=0.4}} ===ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ=== ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱒᱖᱒ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱞᱫᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱟᱭᱱᱟ, ᱜᱤᱞᱟᱱᱰᱤ, ᱫᱩᱰᱩᱭᱟ, ᱠᱩᱢᱞᱟᱭ, ᱡᱷᱩᱢᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱢᱱᱤ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} ===ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ=== ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite book |author=Debnath, S. |year=2010 |title=The Dooars in Historical Transition |publisher=Shiv Mandir: N. L. Publishers|url=http://14.139.206.50:8080/jspui/bitstream/1/885/1/THE%20DOOARS%20IN%20HISTORICAL%20TRANSITION.pdf}}</ref><ref>Dinerstein, E., Loucks, C. (2001). {{WWF ecoregion|name=Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands|id=im0701}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱒.᱐᱑% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱗.᱙᱙% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="admin">{{cite web | url = http://jalpaiguri.gov.in/district-profile| title = Jalpaiguri | work =District Profile | publisher = District administration |access-date = 13 July 2020 }}</ref><ref name="handbook">{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Jalpaiguri |work = Tables 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 13 July 2020}}</ref> ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱨᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱒᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web| url =https://www.indiatea.org/tea_growing_regions |title = Tea Growing Regions | work= Dooars and Terai|publisher= Indian Tea Association | access-date = 13 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.teaboard.gov.in/TEABOARDCSM/MTA=|title = Dooars-Terai |publisher= Tea Board India | access-date = 13 July 2020}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 13 July 2020 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ CT (ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ) ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ R (ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ / ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ TE ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ <small>ᱱᱳᱴ: ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱠᱨᱤᱱ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾</small> ==ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ== ===ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ=== ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ. ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Jalpaiguri |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 2 July 2020}}</ref> ===ᱥᱤᱰᱤ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ=== ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=map>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1902_PART_A_DCHB_JALPAIGURI.pdf| title = District Census Handbook, Jalpaiguri, Series 20, Part XIIA| work= Census of India 2011, Fifth page, map of Jalpaiguri district| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 2 July 2020}}</ref> ==ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ== ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ,<ref>http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=324437 {{dead link|date=January 2018}}</ref> ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱔,᱗᱑᱙ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ: ᱒᱒,᱙᱕᱓ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ (᱕᱑%) ᱟᱨ ᱒᱑,᱗᱖᱖ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ (᱔᱙%) ᱾ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱗᱘% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱗᱔.᱐᱔% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱘᱑.᱖᱑% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱔.᱒᱑% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱙.᱖᱔% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbdma.gov.in/pdf/b.pdf | title = Category, Year of Establishment, Area, SC, ST and total population in ULBs in West Bengal | publisher = Department of Municipal Affairs, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 2008-11-09 | archive-date = 4 December 2009 | archive-url = https://www.webcitation.org/5llpyJUdT?url=http://wbdma.gov.in/pdf/b.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ" ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱪ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱳᱝᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱛᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ (Kamateshwars) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱪ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ (Koch Kingdom) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱪ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ===ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ=== {{Pie chart |thumb = right |caption = ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ (᱒᱐᱑᱑)<ref>[https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16T/DDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-2000.XLSX 2011 census data] censusindia.gov.in</ref> |label1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱤ]] |value1 = 94.9 |color1 = blue |label2 = [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱤ]] |value2 = 3 |color2 = red |label3 = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]] |value3 = 2.3 |color3 = yellow |label4 = [[ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ]] |value4 = 1.78 |color4 = grey |label5 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |value5 = 1.05 |color5 = white }} ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ, ᱟᱹᱞᱩ, ᱡᱩᱴ, ᱪᱚᱭᱳᱴᱮ, ᱥᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ]] ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱞᱩ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]], [[ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱯᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱩᱴ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱩᱫᱳᱜᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ== ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱑᱗ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱮᱭᱜᱳᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ-ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱥᱤᱞᱤᱜᱩᱲᱤ]]-[[ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ]] ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] (DQG) ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱮᱱᱡᱚᱨ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱞ (ᱠᱚᱱᱪᱮᱱᱡᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ, ᱩᱛᱚᱨᱵᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ, ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱭᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ) ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ== ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ (ᱠᱚ-ᱮᱰ) ᱥᱩᱠᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱵᱤᱫᱭᱟᱞᱚᱭ, ᱑᱙᱘᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ, ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ, ᱮᱠᱚᱱᱚᱢᱤᱠᱥ, ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱚᱥᱚᱯᱷᱤ, ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤ, ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ, ᱢᱟᱛᱷᱚᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱤᱠᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱸᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ ᱮᱰᱩᱠᱥᱚᱱ, ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ, ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ BBA ᱟᱨ BCA ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ (ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨᱜᱟᱵᱽᱨᱤᱭᱩᱮᱴ ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ: ==ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ== ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱩᱨᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ. ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱱᱚᱨᱥᱤᱝ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | title =Health & Family Welfare Department | work =Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher =Government of West Bengal | access-date =1 July 2020 | archive-date =8 October 2022 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20221008143352/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | url-status =dead }}</ref> one nursing home. ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== *[http://www.dhupgurimunicipality.org.in/ ᱫᱷᱩᱯᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260108115034/http://www.dhupgurimunicipality.org.in/ |date=2026-01-08 }} {{ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}} {{Authority control}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]] lpej4tr5vkofkjimidtwtswhwilc6wv 0 36112 193057 192309 2026-06-20T15:52:41Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ | native_name = | native_name_lang = | other_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India3 | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | coordinates = {{coord|23.584293|N|87.116954|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}} | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] | subdivision_type2 = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name2 = [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] | established_title = <!-- ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ --> | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | government_type = | governing_body = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = 1.67 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_total = 6,468 | population_as_of = ᱒᱐᱑᱑ | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | demographics_type1 = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ* | demographics1_title1 = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ | demographics1_info1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]], [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]], [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | utc_offset1 = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐ | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | postal_code = ᱗᱑᱓᱓᱒᱓ | area_code_type = ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱚᱱ/ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ | area_code = ᱐᱓᱔᱑ | registration_plate = WB | website = {{URL|paschimbardhaman.co.in/}} | footnotes = }} '''ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱥᱤᱰᱤ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== {{OSM Location map | width=430| height=400| zoom=11 | coord={{coord|23|41|0|N|87|5|20|E}}| float=left|caption='''ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ''' MC: ᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱳᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ, CT: ᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ, N: ᱟᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱮ, R: ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱱᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ |mark-coord1={{coord|23|39|27|N|87|7|2|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1= Kunustara | numbered1=CT| mark-title1=[[ᱠᱩᱱᱩᱥᱛᱟᱨᱟ]] (CT)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2 |mark-coord2={{coord|23|40|5|N|87|7|40|E}} | label-pos2=right|label2= Topsi| numbered2=CT| mark-title2=[[ᱴᱚᱯᱥᱤ]] (CT) |mark-coord3={{coord|23|43|26|N|87|11|57|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Nimsa| numbered3=CT| mark-title3=[[ᱱᱤᱢᱥᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord4={{coord|23|42|58|N|87|11|21|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4= Chinchuria| numbered4=CT| mark-title4=[[ᱪᱤᱸᱪᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] (CT) |mark-coord5={{coord|23|40|38|N|87|10|9|E}} | label-pos5=right|label5= Kenda| numbered5=CT| mark-title5=[[ᱠᱮᱱᱫᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord6={{coord|23|39|10|N|87|9|46|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Parasia| numbered6=CT| mark-title6=[[ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] (CT) |mark-coord7={{coord|23|39|14|N|87|2|9|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7= Ratibati| numbered7=CT| mark-title7=[[ᱨᱚᱛᱤᱵᱟᱛᱤ]] (CT) |mark-coord8={{coord|23|39|40|N|87|2|30|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Chapui| numbered8=CT| mark-title8=[[ᱪᱟᱯᱩᱭ]] (CT) |mark-coord9={{coord|23|39|5|N|87|4|11|E}} | label-pos9=top|label9= Jemari |labela9=(Jaykaynagar)| numbered9=CT| mark-title9=[[ᱡᱮᱢᱟᱨᱤ (ᱡᱮ.ᱠᱮ. ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱯ)]] (CT) |mark-coord10={{coord|23|37|45|N|87|8|22|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Banshra| numbered10=CT| mark-title10=[[ᱵᱟᱸᱥᱲᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord11={{coord|23|38|5|N|87|3|51|E}} | label-pos11=left|label11= Belebathan| numbered11=CT| mark-title11=[[ᱵᱮᱞᱮᱵᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord12={{coord|23|38|28|N|87|2|3|E}} | label-pos12=left|label12= Chelad| numbered12=CT| mark-title12=[[ᱪᱮᱞᱟᱫᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord13={{coord|23|37|29|N|87|4|32|E}} | label-pos13=left|label13= Murgathaul| numbered13=CT| mark-title13=[[ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱛᱷᱳᱞ]] (CT) |mark-coord14={{coord|23|36|57|N|87|5|4|E}} | label-pos14=left|label14= Amkula| numbered14=CT| mark-title14=[[ᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord15={{coord|23|35|53|N|87|8|30|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15= Baktarnagar| numbered15=CT| mark-title15=[[ᱵᱚᱠᱛᱟᱨᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]] (CT) |mark-coord16={{coord|23|36|33|N|87|6|01|E}} | label-pos16=left|label16= Egara| numbered16=CT| mark-title16=[[ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱟ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord17={{coord|23|35|21|N|87|6|21|E}} | label-pos17=left|label17= Sahebganj| numbered17=CT| mark-title17= [[ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] (CT)|shape-color17=black| label-size17=13|label-color17=black |mark-coord18={{coord|23|35|10|N|87|7|7|E}} | label-pos18=right|label18= Raghunathchak| numbered18=CT| mark-title18=[[ᱨᱚᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷᱪᱚᱠ]] (CT) |mark-coord19={{coord|23|34|50|N|87|7|32|E}} | label-pos19=right|label19= Ballavpur| numbered19=CT| mark-title19=ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ (CT) |mark-coord20={{coord|23|46|48|N|87|4|48|E}} | label-pos20=right|label20= Churulia| numbered20=R| mark-title20=[[ᱪᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] (R)|shape-color20=#C42222 |mark-coord21={{coord|23|41|37|N|87|8|39|E}} | label-pos21=right|label21= Bahadurpur| numbered21=R| mark-title21=[[ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱫᱩᱨᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] (R)|shape-color21=#C42222 |mark-coord22={{coord|23|42|7|N|87|2|53|E}} | label-pos22=left|label22=ECL Sripur |labela22= Area Office| numbered22=0 | mark-title22=[[ᱥᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱤᱥᱤᱮᱞ ᱥᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ]] (A)| label-size22=12| shape-color22=#AA6666 |mark-coord23={{coord|23|40|53|N|87|4|45|E}} | label-pos23=left|label23=ECL Satgram |labela23= Area Office |numbered23=0| mark-title23=[[ᱥᱟᱛᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱤᱥᱤᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱛᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ]] (A)| label-size23=12| shape-color23=#AA6666 |mark-coord24={{coord|23|38|50|N|87|7|18|E}} | label-pos24=right|label24=ECL Kunustoria|labela24= Area Office|numbered24=0 | mark-title24=[[ᱠᱩᱱᱩᱥᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱤᱥᱤᱮᱞ ᱠᱩᱱᱩᱥᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ]] (A)| label-size24=12| shape-color24=#AA6666 |mark-coord25={{coord|23|40|0|N|87|13|33|E}} | label-pos25=left|label25=ECL Kenda |labela25= Area Office |numbered25=0| mark-title25=[[ᱠᱮᱸᱫᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱤᱥᱤᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱸᱫᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ]] (A)| label-size25=12| shape-color25=#AA6666 |mark-coord26={{coord|23|40|44|N|86|57|9|E}} | label-pos26=right|label-color26=#800000| label26=Asansol | numbered26=MC| mark-title26=[[ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ]] (MC)|shape-color26=#800000 |mark-coord27={{coord|23|37|12|N|87|7|48|E}} | label-pos27=left|label27=Raniganj | numbered27=N| mark-title27= [[ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] (N)|shape-color27=#C42222 |mark-coord28={{coord|23|42|50|N|87|4|48|E}} | label-pos28=left|label28=Jamuria | numbered28=N| mark-title28= [[ᱡᱟᱢᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] (N)|shape-color28=#C42222 |mark-coord29={{coord|23.612489|87.032854}}| label29=ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ| label-color29 = #77A1CB| label-angle29=28| label-pos29=top| label-size29=10| mark-size29=0| mark-title29 =none |mark-coord30={{coord|23.749367|87.157333}}| label30=ᱚᱡᱚᱭ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ| label-color30 = #77A1CB| label-angle30=0| label-pos30=right| label-size30=10| mark-size30=0| mark-title30 =none}} ===ᱴᱷᱟᱶ=== ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ {{coord|23.584293|N|87.116954|E |source:yahoomaps_region:IN-WB |}} ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱢᱟᱨᱤ (ᱡᱮ.ᱠᱮ. ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱯ)]], [[ᱵᱮᱞᱮᱵᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ]], [[ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱛᱷᱳᱞ]], [[ᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟ]], [[ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱟ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱟ]], [[ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ]], [[ᱨᱚᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷᱪᱚᱠ]] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱞᱚᱥᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱸᱥᱲᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱚᱠᱛᱟᱨᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf |title= Census of India 2011, West Bengal: District Census Handbook, Barddhaman |work = Map of Raniganj CD Block, page 215| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 31 August 2018}}</ref> ===ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ=== ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱘᱓.᱓᱓% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱖.᱖᱗% ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Burdwan |work = Table 2.2, 2.4(a) |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |accessdate = 4 September 2018 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱠᱩᱞᱴᱤ]], [[ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=2015notification>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbdma.gov.in/circulars/249-135-ma_2015-2016.pdf | title = The Kolkata Gazette | work = Notification No. 335/MA/O/C-4/1M-36/2014 dated 3 June 2015 | publisher = Department of Municipal Affairs, Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 4 September 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170312033552/https://www.wbdma.gov.in/circulars/249-135-ma_2015-2016.pdf | archive-date = 12 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱖ (+᱑ ᱟᱫᱷᱟ) ᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ (ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱢᱮᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱠᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ) ᱾ ==ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ== ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖,᱔᱖᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓,᱓᱙᱙ (᱕᱓%) ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓,᱐᱖᱙ (᱔᱗%) ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱖᱘᱗ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱔,᱖᱘᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱘᱐.᱙᱕% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ) ᱾<ref name=census3-2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 18 February 2017 }}</ref> <small>*ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ)#ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]] ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ</small> ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ (UA) ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱒᱔᱓,᱔᱑᱔ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱠᱩᱞᱴᱤ]], [[ᱡᱟᱢᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱢᱭᱩᱱᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮ [[ᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟ]], [[ᱵᱚᱠᱛᱟᱨᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]], ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ, [[ᱵᱷᱟᱱᱳᱣᱟᱨᱟ]], [[ᱫᱳᱢᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ]], [[ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱟ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱟ]], [[ᱡᱮᱢᱟᱨᱤ (ᱡᱮ.ᱠᱮ. ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱯ)]], [[ᱢᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱲᱟ]], [[ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱛᱷᱳᱞ]], [[ᱨᱚᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷᱪᱚᱠ]], [[ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱚᱯᱥᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱥᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱢᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ [[ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf | title = Constituents of Urban Agglomerations having population 1 lakh and above| work= Provisional Population Total, Census of India 2011| publisher = Government of India |access-date = 27 August 2018}}</ref><ref name=2015notification/> ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱕,᱓᱙᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱓% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱗% ᱾ ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱕% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱕᱙.᱕% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱖᱑% ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱙% ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱐% ᱦᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ==ᱤᱱᱯᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱠᱪᱚᱨ== <!--Please do not disturb the referenced text. If you want to add information, add it separately, with reliable reference. --> ''ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ'', ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑.᱖᱗ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱱᱟᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱞ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱓᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱤᱰᱮᱞ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱓ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱮ-ᱯᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱟ ᱥᱤᱠᱥᱟ ᱟᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱ) ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf| title = District Census Handbook Barddhaman, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 1179-1210; Statement I: Status and Growth History, Page 1179; Statement II: Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, Page 1188; Statement III: Civic and other Amenities, Page 1191; Statement IV: Medical Facilities, Page 1196; Statement V: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, Page 1200; Statement VI: Industry and Banking, Page 1209 | publisher = Directorate of census Operations V, West Bengal |access-date = 14 May 2020}}</ref> ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱞᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱑᱑,᱗᱖᱐ ᱴᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>[http://www.infinityfoundation.com/mandala/t_es/t_es_tiwar_paper_frameset.htm History of Paper Technology in India]</ref><ref>Chattopadhyay, Akkori, pp 494, 664</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Telegraph 9 June 2005 |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050609/asp/bengal/story_4845238.asp |access-date=11 September 2012 |archive-date=8 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208170650/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050609/asp/bengal/story_4845238.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ, ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱞᱥ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱠᱭᱩᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.zaubacorp.com/company/BENGAL-PAPER-MILLS-CO-LTD-/U21012WB1900SGC000590 | title = Bengal Paper Mills Co. Ltd. | publisher = Zauba Corp | access-date = 7 July 2018}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ EMTA ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱭᱩᱯᱷᱮᱠᱪᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱟᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱟᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ballavpurpaper.com/index.html | title = Ballavpur Paper Mnfg. Ltd. | publisher = BPML | access-date = 7 July 2018}}</ref> ==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ== ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱢᱜᱳᱯᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱯᱷ ᱵᱤᱫᱭᱟᱯᱤᱴᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱒ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱭᱩᱴᱚᱨ, ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱭᱵᱨᱮᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://schools.org.in/barddhaman/19093000501/ballavpur-r-s-vidyapith.html | title = Ballavpur R.S. Vidyapith | publisher = Schools.org.in|access-date = 6 June 2020}}</ref> ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟ.ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ-ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://schools.org.in/barddhaman/19093000104/ballavpur-r-c-jr-high-school.html | title = Ballavpur R.C.Junior High School | publisher = Schools.org.in|access-date = 6 June 2020}}</ref> ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ-ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ (ᱵᱮᱞᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱒, ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱢᱟᱫᱟᱱᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱑, ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱱᱳᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱤᱠ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱱᱳᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱚᱡᱷᱤᱯᱟᱨᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱩ ᱥᱤᱠᱥᱟ ᱠᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚ), ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ-ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ (ᱟᱫᱚᱨᱥ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ) ᱟᱨ ᱩᱨᱫᱩ-ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ (ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://schools.org.in/west-bengal/barddhaman/raniganj/adarsha-hindi-vidyalaya| title = List of Schools in Adarsh Hindi Vidyalaya Cluster (Bardhaman)| publisher = Schools.org.in|access-date = 6 June 2020}}</ref> ==ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ== ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ. ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ [[ᱵᱚᱠᱛᱟᱨᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]] (᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ) ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱟᱛ (᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ) ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | title =Health & Family Welfare Department | work =Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher =Government of West Bengal | access-date =12 May 2020 | archive-date =8 October 2022 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20221008143352/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | url-status =dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 12 May 2020 | archive-date = 21 April 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref> ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]] kot3ate69c3qkc6yz168z2slzt6tekm 0 36243 193049 192939 2026-06-20T15:07:39Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193049 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ}} {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ | other_name = | settlement_type = ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ | official_name = ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱚᱠᱷᱞᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱴᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | image_skyline = {{Multiple image |border = infobox |total_width = 300 |image_style = border:1; |perrow = 1/2/2 | image1 = Sector 78 Noida with Moonlight.jpg | caption1 = ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱗᱘ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱠᱟᱭᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ | image2 = IT Park, Noida, Uttar Pradesh (2011-06-18) (2).jpg |caption2= ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱖᱒ | image4 = Efficiency in the shape.jpg | caption4 = ᱡᱤ.ᱮ.ᱟᱭᱤ.ᱮᱞ. ᱡᱩᱵᱽᱞᱤ ᱴᱟᱣᱟᱨ | image3 = Noidancrdelhiskyline.jpg | caption3 = ᱥᱩᱯᱚᱨᱱᱳᱵᱟ ᱥᱯᱤᱨᱟ | image5 = Samsung RnD Institute Noida.jpg | caption5 = ᱥᱮᱢᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ | image6 = HCL Tech Noida SEZ Campus.png | caption6 = HCLTech ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ }} | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh | pushpin_map_alt = Noida in Uttar Pradesh, India | pushpin_map_caption = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | pushpin_label = Noida | pushpin_label_position = right | coordinates = {{coord|28.57|77.32|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ]] | subdivision_name = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}} | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_type2 = ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ | subdivision_type3 = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Uttar Pradesh.svg}} [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] | subdivision_name2 = [[ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ|ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ]] | subdivision_name3 = [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]] | established_title = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ | established_date = ᱑᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ | founder = | named_for = ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱚᱠᱷᱞᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱴᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | government_type = ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱴᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | governing_body = ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱚᱴᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | leader_title = ᱪᱮᱭᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱ, ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱚᱴᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | leader_name = ᱫᱤᱯᱟᱠ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ (ᱟᱭᱤᱮᱮᱥ) | leader_title1 = ᱥᱤᱤᱳ, ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱚᱴᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | leader_name1 = ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱩᱱᱮᱥ (ᱟᱭᱤᱮᱮᱥ) | leader_title2 = ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨ, ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ | leader_name2 = ᱥᱮᱞᱵᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱮ. | leader_name3 = ᱢᱮᱫᱷᱟ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱢ<ref>{{cite web |title=DM's Profile |url=https://gbnagar.nic.in/dms-profile/ |website=GautamBuddha Nagar, India |access-date=11 August 2025}}</ref> (ᱟᱭᱤᱮᱮᱥ) | leader_title3 = ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ | leader_title4 = ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨ | leader_name4 = ᱞᱚᱠᱥᱢᱤ ᱥᱤᱝ (ᱟᱭᱤᱯᱤᱮᱥ) | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 203 | area_rank = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 200 | population_total = 637,272 | population_as_of = ᱒᱐᱑᱑ | population_footnotes = <ref name="2011 census data">{{cite web|title=Census of India Search details |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=128539|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=10 May 2015}}</ref> | population_density_km2 = 2463 | population_rank = ᱗᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ | population_demonym = ᱱᱳᱭᱰᱟᱭᱤᱴ / ᱱᱳᱭᱰᱟᱣᱟᱞᱞᱟ | demographics_type1 = [[ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] | demographics1_title1 = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | utc_offset1 = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐ | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | postal_code = ᱒᱐᱑᱓᱐᱑ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱓᱐᱗ | area_code = ᱐᱑᱒᱐ | area_code_type = ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ | registration_plate = UP-16 | blank_name_sec1 = [[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ | blank_info_sec1 = [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]] | blank1_name_sec1 = [[:en:Gross domestic product|GDP]] ([[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]) | blank1_info_sec1 = {{INR|1.66 trillion|link=yes}} (2021–2022)<ref>{{cite web |title=District Domestic Product Estimates Uttar Pradesh Year 2020–21 |url=http://updes.up.nic.in/esd/Book/DDP2020-21(T)MARCH22%20%20new%20web.pdf |website=Directorate of Economics And Statistics Government Of Uttar Pradesh |access-date=6 November 2021}}</ref> | blank2_name_sec1 = [[:wn:Gross domestic product|ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱜᱨᱚᱥ ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱚᱠᱴ]] (ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ) | blank2_info_sec1 = {{USD|8,000|link=yes}} (᱒᱐᱒᱐) | website = {{URL|https://www.noidaauthorityonline.in/}} | demographics1_info1 = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=4 January 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}} See page numbered 49 (frame54 on the pdf) 14.3 b. Additional Official Language: English has been declared as the Additional Official Language of the State.</ref> | demographics1_title2 = ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ&nbsp;ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ | demographics1_info2 = [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]]<ref name="langoff"/> | demographics1_title3 = ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | demographics1_info3 = {{hlist|[[ᱵᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] |ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱤᱵᱳᱞᱤ}} | blank_name_sec2 = ᱨᱮᱯᱤᱰ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱡᱤᱴ | blank_info_sec2 = [[ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ]] | image_blank_emblem = Noida-brandmark-English.png | blank_emblem_type = ᱵᱨᱟᱱᱰᱢᱟᱨᱠ | translit_lang1_type = [[ISO 15919]] | image_seal = Noida Logo.jpg | seal_alt = ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱨᱟᱱᱰᱢᱟᱨᱠ | native_name = | native_name_lang = iast | blank_emblem_size = 150px }} '''ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ''', '''ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱚᱠᱷᱞᱟ ᱩᱫᱳᱜᱽ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=नवीन ओखला औद्योगिक विकास प्राधिकरण, उत्तर प्रदेश, भारत की आधिकारिक वेबसाइट |trans-title=Official Website of New Okhla Industrial Development Authority, Uttar Pradesh, India |url=https://noidaauthorityonline.in/hi |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=noidaauthorityonline.in |archive-date=19 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240819131810/https://noidaauthorityonline.in/hi |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ)|ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] (ᱮᱱ.ᱥᱤ.ᱟᱨ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ|ᱭᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱱ.ᱥᱤ.ᱟᱨ. ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱤᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ, ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱮᱭᱤᱰᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱮᱥᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒.᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱔% ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Economic Snapshot |url=https://invest.up.gov.in/economic-snapshot/ |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=Invest UP |publisher=Government of Uttar Pradesh, India}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱐% ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱳᱴᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱥᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ, ᱜᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱰᱚᱨᱥ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱠᱣᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱸᱰᱥᱠᱮᱯᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱔᱒,᱓᱘᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":3" /> ᱱᱤᱣ ᱳᱠᱷᱟᱞᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ (ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Okhla Industrial Development Authority, Uttar Pradesh, India.|url=https://noidaauthorityonline.in/|access-date=31 July 2020|website=noidaauthorityonline.in|archive-date=27 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327164342/https://noidaauthorityonline.in/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ (ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ) ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ (ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ)]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮ.ᱵᱤ.ᱯᱤ. ᱱᱤᱣᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ "ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ" ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/03/11/article524150.ece/Mumbai-wins-the-Best-City-Award-2015|title=Mumbai wins the Best City Award 2015 |work=[[ABP News]] |date=11 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312225833/http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/03/11/article524150.ece/Mumbai-wins-the-Best-City-Award-2015 |archive-date=12 March 2015}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=http://tennews.in/abp-news-awards-noida-city-for-housing-and-best-city-in-uttar-pradesh/|title=ABP News awards Noida city for housing and best city in Uttar Pradesh |work=Ten News Network |date=11 March 2014 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱜᱚᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ (᱓᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑,᱐᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ) ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱦᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱑,᱐᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱦᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|title=Noida 25th cleanest city among cities with less than 10 lakh people|work=[[The Economic Times]] |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/noida-25th-cleanest-city-among-cities-with-less-than-10-lakh-people/articleshow/77660015.cms|date=20 August 2020}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱤᱴᱤ ᱦᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱥᱚᱯᱴ,<ref name="The Economic Times">{{cite news |last1=Gaur |first1=Vatsala |title=Microsoft to open a 4000-employee campus in Uttar Pradesh |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/ites/microsoft-to-open-a-4000-employee-campus-in-uttar-pradesh/articleshow/76695414.cms |access-date=15 September 2020 |work=The Economic Times}}</ref> ᱟᱨᱢ ᱦᱳᱞᱰᱤᱝᱥ,<ref name="Business Standard India">{{cite news |last1=Punit |first1=Itika Sharma |title=British multinational ARM opens second design center in India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/british-multinational-arm-opens-second-design-center-in-india-113101000414_1.html |access-date=15 September 2020 |work=Business Standard India |date=10 October 2013}}</ref> ᱮᱪ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱞ.,<ref name="mint">{{cite news |title=HCL Technologies launches hackathon to identify solutions for covid impact |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/hcl-technologies-launches-hackathon-to-identify-solutions-for-covid-impact-11597928329529.html |access-date=15 September 2020 |work=mint |date=20 August 2020 |language=en}}</ref> ᱥᱮᱢᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱠᱞᱮᱭᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱯᱷᱴᱣᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="www.millenniumpost.in">{{cite news |title=6 injured as transformer blasts outside Barclays building in Noida Sector 62 |url=http://www.millenniumpost.in/delhi/6-injured-as-transformer-blasts-outside-barclays-building-in-noida-sector-62-396182 |access-date=15 September 2020 |work=www.millenniumpost.in |date=17 January 2020 |language=en}}</ref> ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱚᱥ, ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱥᱮᱢᱵᱞᱤ, ᱚᱴᱳᱢᱳᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱚᱠᱥᱚᱱ, ᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ, ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱑,᱐᱐᱐ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/gb-nagar-industries-helping-gdp-survey-will-find-out/articleshow/123051174.cms</ref><ref>https://m.economictimes.com/news/india/the-curious-case-of-a-up-district-that-beats-japan-in-income/articleshow/122247104.cms</ref> ᱱᱳᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱢᱥᱚᱝ, ᱪᱤᱭᱚᱢᱤ, ᱜᱩᱜᱩᱞ ᱯᱤᱠᱥᱮᱞ, ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱯᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱖᱐% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last1=Phartiyal |first1=Sankalp |date=9 July 2018 |title=Samsung opens world's largest phone factory in India |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-samsung-elec-india/samsung-opens-worlds-largest-phone-factory-in-india-idUSKBN1JZ1EP/ |work=Reuters |access-date=13 November 2025}}</ref> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱰ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ, ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ SEZs ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱯᱮᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>https://content.techgig.com/technology/tech-giants-flock-to-greater-noida-a-10000-crore-transformation/articleshow/121216314.cms</ref> ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ᱑᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ "ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱕-᱑᱙᱗᱗ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱚᱱᱡᱚᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ]] ᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱯᱤ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱟᱠᱴ, ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":2" /> [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱠᱤᱣᱵᱮᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/noida-tops-state-gdp-per-capita-income-again-lucknow-is-second/articleshow/74602571.cms|title=Noida tops Uttar Pradesh GDP & per capita income again, Lucknow is second|newspaper=The Times of India |date=13 March 2020}}</ref> ᱱᱳᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱮᱠᱚᱱᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱡᱚᱱ (SEZ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Operational SEZ of India as on 07.09.2017|url=http://www.sezindia.nic.in/writereaddata/pdf/ListofoperationalSEZs.pdf|publisher=[[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Ministry of Commerce and Industry]]|access-date=15 October 2017|date=7 September 2017}}</ref> ᱱᱳᱭᱰᱟ ᱚᱴᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Aradhak |first=Purusharth |date=27 January 2014 |title=Infrastructure projects to get a boost with Noida Authority's Rs 8,000 crore budget |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/Infrastructure-projects-to-get-a-boost-with-Noida-Authoritys-Rs-8000-crore-budget/articleshow/29427179.cms |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |access-date=9 June 2024}}</ref> ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ== ᱱᱚᱭᱫᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕᱒᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱮ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rajput |first=Vinod |date=5 April 2017 |title=Noida to set up five STPs to ensure the cleanliness of Hindon, Yamuna |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/noida/noida-to-set-up-five-stps-to-ensure-cleanliness-of-hindon-yamuna/story-eW9p8VwgzAxX1JMUoack7N.html |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=25 June 2022 }}</ref> ===ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ=== ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱯᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ (ᱵᱤᱮᱥᱮᱪ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="ClimateData">{{Cite web |title=Noida climate: Weather Noida & temperature by month |url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/india/uttar-pradesh/noida-31485/ |website=en.climate-data.org |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref> ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ (ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱱ) ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱔᱘ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱓᱐ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱥᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱒ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gandhiok |first=Jasjeev |date=15 January 2026 |title=2°C in Noida as NCR shivers on 4th consecutive cold wave day |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/delhi-news/2c-in-noida-as-ncr-shivers-on-4th-consecutive-cold-wave-day-101768415542431.html |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=29 April 2026}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱩᱦᱲᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱩᱝᱜᱩᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱠᱩᱦᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱸᱡᱷᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 January 2023 |title=Fog thickens in Noida; air quality reaches severe |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/noida-news/fog-thickens-in-noida-air-quality-reaches-severe-101673284060318.html |access-date=14 May 2023 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> {{climate chart |Noida |7.7|20.1|23 |10.6|23.6|33 |15.2|29.8|20 |21.0|36.7|14 |25.3|39.5|20 |27.5|38.2|74 |26.6|33.6|208 |25.8|32.3|183 |23.9|32.1|99 |18.9|31.6|13 |14.0|27.3|5 |9.2|22.2|8 |source=[https://en.climate-data.org/asia/india/uttar-pradesh/noida-31485/ Climate Data] |float=left |clear=none }} {{Weather box | location = ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ (᱑᱙᱙᱑-᱒᱐᱒᱑) | metric first = yes | single line = yes | Jan high C = 20.1 | Feb high C = 23.6 | Mar high C = 29.8 | Apr high C = 36.7 | May high C = 39.5 | Jun high C = 39.2 | Jul high C = 35.2 | Aug high C = 34.3 | Sep high C = 34.1 | Oct high C = 31.6 | Nov high C = 27.3 | Dec high C = 22.2 | Jan mean C = 13.5 | Feb mean C = 16.9 | Mar mean C = 22.5 | Apr mean C = 29.1 | May mean C = 32.7 | Jun mean C = 32.9 | Jul mean C = 29.9 | Aug mean C = 28.7 | Sep mean C = 27.7 | Oct mean C = 25.2 | Nov mean C = 20.4 | Dec mean C = 15.3 | Jan low C = 7.7 | Feb low C = 10.6 | Mar low C = 15.2 | Apr low C = 21.0 | May low C = 25.3 | Jun low C = 27.5 | Jul low C = 26.6 | Aug low C = 25.8 | Sep low C = 23.9 | Oct low C = 18.9 | Nov low C = 14.0 | Dec low C = 9.2 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 23 | Feb precipitation mm = 33 | Mar precipitation mm = 20 | Apr precipitation mm = 14 | May precipitation mm = 20 | Jun precipitation mm = 74 | Jul precipitation mm = 208 | Aug precipitation mm = 183 | Sep precipitation mm = 99 | Oct precipitation mm = 13 | Nov precipitation mm = 5 | Dec precipitation mm = 8 | Jan rain days = 2 | Feb rain days = 3 | Mar rain days = 3 | Apr rain days = 3 | May rain days = 4 | Jun rain days = 7 | Jul rain days = 15 | Aug rain days = 15 | Sep rain days = 8 | Oct rain days = 2 | Nov rain days = 1 | Dec rain days = 1 | Jan humidity = 68 | Feb humidity = 62 | Mar humidity = 48 | Apr humidity = 29 | May humidity = 32 | Jun humidity = 47 | Jul humidity = 72 | Aug humidity = 78 | Sep humidity = 73 | Oct humidity = 58 | Nov humidity = 55 | Dec humidity = 62 | year humidity = 51 | Jand sun = 8.2 | Febd sun = 9.4 | Mard sun = 10.6 | Aprd sun = 11.5 | Mayd sun = 12.1 | Jund sun = 11.8 | Juld sun = 9.5 | Augd sun = 9.0 | Sepd sun = 9.3 | Octd sun = 10.1 | Novd sun = 9.6 | Decd sun = 8.8 | source = ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ<ref name="ClimateData"/> }} ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ (ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱒ ᱓-᱑᱐ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ) ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ “ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ” ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024 |url=https://prana.cpcb.gov.in/ncapServices/robust/fetchFilesFromDrive/Swachh_Vayu_Survekshan_2024_Result.pdf |website=Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024}}</ref> ==ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ== ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱔.᱕᱕ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ (ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ) ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾<ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/elections/lok-sabha/story/rajput-rebellion-continues-to-haunt-bjp-in-west-uttar-pradesh-amid-low-voter-turnout-2530399-2024-04-22</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱓.᱕ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴᱤ, ᱒.᱕ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱔ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱓.᱕ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/noida-news/bjp-deploys-teams-in-rajput-villages-to-woo-the-community-101713725632824-amp.html</ref><ref>https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/why-netas-are-rushing-to-rajput-villages/amp_articleshow/109445059.cms</ref><ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/elections/lok-sabha/story/rajput-rebellion-continues-to-haunt-bjp-in-west-uttar-pradesh-amid-low-voter-turnout-2530399-2024-04-22</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱓᱗,᱒᱗᱒ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱓᱔᱙,᱓᱙᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱘᱗,᱘᱗᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱘᱘.᱕᱘% ᱦᱤᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱙᱒.᱙᱐% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱓.᱒᱘% ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱖.᱖᱗% ᱟᱨ ᱐.᱒᱙% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name=":3">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|title=Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above|work=Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India|publisher=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]], [[Government of India]]|page=3|access-date=3 October 2017}}</ref> {{bar box |title=ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ (᱒᱐᱑᱑)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web|date=2011|title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11394/download/14507/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> |titlebar=#Fcd116 |left1=ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ |right1=ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱟᱲᱟ |float=left |bars= {{bar percent|[[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]]|darkorange|86.86}} {{bar percent|[[ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ]]|green|8.55}} {{bar percent|[[ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱠᱷ]]|darkkhaki|1.11}} {{bar percent|[[ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ]]|dodgerblue|0.86}} {{bar percent|[[ᱡᱳᱭᱱᱳ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱡᱟᱭᱱ]]|pink|0.54}} {{bar percent|ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ|black|2.08}} |caption=ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱧ }} [[File:SHRI VINAYAKA TEMPLE Noida.jpg|thumb|ᱥᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱟᱭᱟᱠᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ, ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ]] ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱒᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱱᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ, ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱒᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ, ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱓᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱠᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ, ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱓᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱱᱟᱛ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ, ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ, ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ, ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱓᱖ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱑᱖᱓ ᱢᱚᱦᱤᱭᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱨᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱨᱟᱠ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ (ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ-ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ) ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 October 2014 |title=Only the elderly come to mourn Ravana in 'birthplace' Bisrakh |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/only-the-elderly-come-to-mourn-ravana-in-birthplace-bisrakh/ |access-date=12 February 2023 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱕᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱥᱡᱤᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱕᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱜᱨᱮᱜᱚᱨᱤᱭᱚᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱨᱛᱷᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱪᱟᱨᱪ, ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱕᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱢᱟ ᱪᱟᱨᱪ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱓᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱮᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱪᱟᱨᱪ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ {{pie chart |thumb = left |caption = ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ (᱒᱐᱑᱑)<ref name="Lang"/> |label1 = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]] |value1 = 85.82 |color1 = orange |label2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] |value2 = 2.88 |color2 = orchid |label3 = [[ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ]] |value3 = 2.18 |color3 = gold |label4 = [[ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ]] |value4 = 2.16 |color4 = pink |label5 = [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱭᱫᱷᱤᱞᱤ]] |value5 = 1.14 |color5 = mistyrose |label6 = [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]] |value6 = 0.98 |color6 = green |label7 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ |value7 = 4.84 |color7 = grey }} [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱨᱚᱲᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ]], ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Lang">{{cite web |title=2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue - Uttar Pradesh (Town Level) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10235/download/13347/DDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |access-date=27 June 2022 |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> ==ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ== ===ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ=== {{Main|ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ|ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ}} [[File:Noida Sector 59 metro station.jpg|alt=Picture of Noida Sector 59 Metro Station|thumb|ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱕᱙ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] [[File:Noida Electronic City metro station.jpg|thumb|ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] [[File:Metro in Botanical Garden station of the Magenta line network of Delhi Metro.jpg|thumb|ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱡᱮᱱᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱴᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ *[[ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]], ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ]] ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱯᱤᱰ ᱴᱨᱟᱡᱤᱴ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱱᱮᱴᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱙.᱗ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱘.᱕ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱒᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sinha|first1=Snehil|date=13 May 2018|title=Noida-Greater Noida Metro aqua line may begin by September|language=en|work=Hindustan Times|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/noida/aqua-line-of-noida-metro-may-begin-by-september/story-e84pDJahfRMKTu0fscVIPJ.html}}</ref> *ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱟᱴ ᱯᱞᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱣᱟᱨᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱵᱽ-ᱥᱤᱴᱤ, ᱵᱞᱩ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱞᱩ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱭᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱥᱮᱝᱡᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱤ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ *[[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱡᱮᱱᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱳᱴᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱵᱳᱴᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ]] ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨᱤ]] ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pillai |first1=Soumya |title=It's official: The Magenta Line of Delhi Metro |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/it-s-official-delhi-metro-s-full-magenta-line-to-open-for-public-from-may-29/story-2qMg7uzARrgGXi9P3bKHPJ.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=21 May 2018 |language=en}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱥᱯᱤᱰ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱰ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ===ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ=== {{see also|ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱰᱤ ᱯᱷᱞᱟᱭᱣᱮ|ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ–ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ|ᱭᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ}} [[File:Noida expressway.jpg|thumb|ᱱᱚᱶᱟ [[ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ–ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] ᱾]] [[File:Delhi Noida Direct flyway (Uttar Pradesh - 2011-06-18).jpg|thumb|ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱰᱤ ᱯᱷᱞᱟᱭᱣᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾]] [[File:Yamuna Expressway Delhi - Agra.jpg|thumb|ᱭᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ]] ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱨᱤᱰ ᱯᱮᱴᱟᱨᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱖ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱰᱤ ᱯᱷᱞᱟᱭᱣᱮ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱟᱨ ᱭᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ-ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱮᱱ ᱡᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ, ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ-ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ, ᱩᱯᱯᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱱᱟᱞ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱔/᱖-ᱞᱮᱱ ᱰᱚᱵᱚᱞ-ᱰᱮᱠᱟᱨ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱯᱤ-᱒ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱕ ᱴᱤᱯᱤᱡ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱔.᱘ ᱠᱤ.ᱢᱤ. (᱓.᱐ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱦᱚᱨ ᱯᱷᱞᱮᱠᱥ ᱠᱨᱚᱥᱤᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱣᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱛᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱑᱒/᱒᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱑᱒/᱑᱐-᱒᱑/᱒᱑ᱮ ᱠᱨᱚᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱯᱤ-᱑ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱱᱰᱚᱨᱯᱟᱥ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ UPSRTC, DTC ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱤ, ᱚᱴᱚ ᱨᱤᱠᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱨᱤᱠᱥᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ-ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱯᱚᱠᱮᱴ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱒᱔.᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱕.᱒ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱮᱥᱴᱮᱴ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱥᱤᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱰᱩᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱔, ᱔᱕, ᱙᱒-᱙᱔, ᱙᱖-᱑᱐᱐, ᱑᱐᱕, ᱑᱐᱘, ᱑᱒᱕-᱑᱓᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱔᱑-᱑᱖᱘ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱫᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ, [[ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱤᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱤᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ-ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ-ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱮᱯᱷ ᱮᱱ ᱡᱤ) ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sinha |first1=Meenakshi |title=2.5km stretch of Faridabad-Noida-Ghaziabad eway to be repaired |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/2-5km-stretch-of-fng-eway-to-be-repaired/articleshow/88265842.cms |access-date=20 March 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=14 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref> ===ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ=== ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱤᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱹᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ|ᱤᱱᱫᱤᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱸᱫᱷᱤ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱹᱭᱛᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/noida/new-airport-to-come-up-in-greater-noida-s-jewar-as-centre-clears-proposal/story-B6RPkVuN5zggHTYyKAgxtL.html|title=New airport to come up in Greater Noida's Jewar as Centre clears proposal|date=24 June 2017|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|access-date=16 August 2017}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱨᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰ ᱒᱕ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=PM Modi to visit Noida for Jewar airport bhoomi pujan on Nov 25; here's what you need to know |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/industry/aviation/story/pm-modi-to-visit-noida-for-jewar-airport-bhoomi-pujan-on-nov-25-heres-what-you-need-to-know-313062-2021-11-23 |access-date=20 March 2022 |work=Business Today |date=23 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref> ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱜᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ A320neo ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱙ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last=Dev |first=Aditya |date=9 December 2024 |title=Airbus 320 lands & takes off from Jewar airport in passenger flight trial conducted in 'record' time|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/successful-trial-of-a320-marks-major-milestone-for-noida-international-airport/articleshow/116145499.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱤᱞᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=PM Modi to inaugurate Noida International Airport in Jewar in April 2025 |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/india/story/pm-modi-to-inaugurate-noida-international-airport-in-jewar-in-april-2025-458130-2024-12-21 |work=Business Today|date= 21 December 2024 |access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ (ᱡᱮᱣᱟᱨ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱱᱣᱮ ᱦᱟᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱥᱤᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 July 2025 |title=Flights from Jewar Airport will start from this day. |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/uttar-pradesh/noida/jewar-airport-noida-international-airport-to-start-domestic-flights-from-september-2025 |access-date=14 July 2025 |work=Prabhat Khabar}}</ref> ===ᱵᱟᱥ=== ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱓᱕ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱳᱨᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]], [[ᱫᱮᱦᱨᱟᱫᱩᱱ]], [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]], ᱛᱟᱯᱯᱟᱞ, ᱠᱷᱟᱭᱟᱨ, ᱟᱞᱤᱜᱚᱨ, ᱦᱟᱛᱨᱟᱥ, ᱵᱩᱞᱟᱱᱰᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ, ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴᱷ, [[ᱢᱩᱡᱚᱯᱷᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]], [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ]], ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱢᱳᱨᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱛᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ== ===ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ=== [[File:Amity Univ NOIDA3.jpg|thumb|ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱟᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ|ᱟᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ]] ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱰᱨ. ᱮ.ᱯᱤ.ᱡᱮ. ᱟᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱢ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠᱚᱞ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱪᱩᱴᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: <!---♦♦♦ Only add a college to this list if it already has its own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦---> * [[ᱟᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ|ᱟᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]]<ref name=":1" /> * [[ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱥᱴ ᱜᱨᱮᱡᱩᱮᱴ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ]] * [[ᱟᱭᱤ.ᱮᱢ.ᱮᱥ. ᱞᱳᱣ ᱠᱚᱡᱮᱡᱽ]] * [[ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱤ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱴ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] * [[ᱡᱮ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ.ᱴᱤ.ᱤ. ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ|ᱡᱮ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱥ. ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ]] ==ᱱᱳᱴ== {{notelist}} ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Commons category}} {{Wikivoyage}} * [http://www.noidaauthorityonline.com/ ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨᱤ] {{ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ}} {{Portal bar|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}} {{Authority control}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱱᱚᱭᱰᱟ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]] 5w476b04zsvqst63cct9uc2n8zhicc1 0 36257 193039 193029 2026-06-20T13:16:13Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱫᱟᱲᱮ */ 193039 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ}} {{Infobox power station | name = ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ | name_official = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = <!-- {{coord| | |region:IN_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}} --> | country = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | location = [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | owner = | status = ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ | construction_began = | commissioned = | decommissioned = | cost = | operator = [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]] | th_fuel_primary = [[ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ]] | th_fuel_tertiary = | ps_units_operational = 2 X 525 MW | ps_units_manu_model = | th_combined_cycle = | ps_electrical_capacity = ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ | ps_electrical_cap_fac = | website = }}'''ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ''' (ᱮᱢ.ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱞ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱒×᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱯᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱪᱚᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱣᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tatapower.com/mpl/home.aspx|title=Maithon Power Limited {{!}} Thermal Power Plants in India|website=www.tatapower.com|access-date=2016-10-27}}</ref> {{OSM Location map | width=160| height=175| zoom=11 | coord={{coord|23|44|50|N|86|45|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ, ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ'''<br/>M: ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ, CT: ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, N: ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ, R: ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ/ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ, D: ᱰᱮᱢ, P: ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ<br/>ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ |mark-coord1={{coord|23|47|40|N|86|42|34|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1= Bhamal | numbered1=CT| mark-title1=[[ᱵᱷᱟᱢᱟᱞ]] (CT)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2 |mark-coord2={{coord|23|44|5|N|86|46|29|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2= Panchmahali| numbered2=CT| mark-title2=[[ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱢᱟᱦᱟᱞᱤ]] (CT) |mark-coord3={{coord|23|42|55|N|86|47|24|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Dumarkunda| numbered3=CT| mark-title3=[[ᱰᱩᱢᱟᱨᱠᱩᱸᱰᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord4={{coord|23|41|24|N|86|45|36|E}} | label-pos4=left|label4= Panchet| numbered4=CT| mark-title4=[[ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱮᱛ]] (CT) |mark-coord5={{coord|23|47|29|N|86|41|47|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5= Panrra| numbered5=CT| mark-title5=[[ᱯᱟᱱᱨᱨᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord6={{coord|23|47|11|N|86|42|16|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Nirsa| numbered6=CT| mark-title6=[[ᱱᱤᱨᱥᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord7={{coord|23|45|46|N|86|43|48|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7= Marma| numbered7=CT| mark-title7=[[ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ, ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord8={{coord|23|45|20|N|86|46|12|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Egarkunr| numbered8=CT| mark-title8=[[ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱠᱩᱸᱨ]] (CT) |mark-coord9={{coord|23|45|20|N|86|47|0|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Siuliban| numbered9=CT| mark-title9=[[ᱥᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱵᱟᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord10={{coord|23|45|45|N|86|47|37|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Mera| numbered10=CT| mark-title10=[[ᱢᱮᱨᱟ, ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord11={{coord|23|46|12|N|86|48|30|E}} | label-pos11=left|label11= Maithon| numbered11=CT| mark-title11=[[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord12={{coord|23|44|24|N|86|48|0|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12=Chirkunda| numbered12=M| mark-title12= [[ᱪᱤᱨᱠᱩᱸᱰᱟ]] (M) |label-color12=#800000 |mark-coord13={{coord|23|45|0|N|86|47|5|E}} | label-pos13=left|label13= Kumardubi| numbered13=N| mark-title13= [[ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱰᱩᱵᱤ]] (N) |shape-color13= #C42222 |mark-coord14={{coord|23|46|12|N|86|43|48|E}} | label-pos14=right|label14=Mugma| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[ᱢᱩᱜᱽᱢᱟ]] (R)| shape-14 =#C42222 |mark-coord15={{coord|23|46|34|N|86|43|39|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15=ECL Mugma Area |numbered15=0 | mark-title15=[[ᱢᱩᱜᱽᱜᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | label-size15=12| shape-color15=#AA6666 |mark-coord16={{coord|23|43|45|N|86|44|30|E}} | label-pos16=bottom|label16=BCCL Chanch/ Victoria Area |numbered16=0 | mark-title16=[[ᱪᱟᱸᱪ/ ᱵᱷᱤᱠᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | label-size16=12| shape-color16=#AA6666 |mark-coord17={{coord|23.7809|86.8055}}| label17= Maithon|labela17= Dam| label-color17 = #C42222 | label-angle17=0| label-pos17=top| label-size17=10| mark-size17=12| numbered17=D|mark-title17 =[[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱢ]]| shape-color17=#C42222 |mark-coord18={{coord|23.6823|86.7473}}| label18= Panchet|labela18= Dam| label-color18 = #C42222 | label-angle18=0| label-pos18=right| label-size18=10| mark-size18=12| numbered18=D|mark-title18 =[[ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱮᱛ ᱰᱮᱢ]]| shape-color18=#C42222 |mark-coord19={{coord|23|49|4|N|86|45|23|E}} | label-pos19=left|label19= Maithon Power Plant | numbered19=P| mark-title19= ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ |shape-color19=#967117 |mark-coord20={{coord|23|44|29|N|86|39|19|E}} | label-pos20=right|label20=Kaliasole| numbered20=R| mark-title20= [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱥᱳᱞ]] (R)|shape-20 =#C42222}} ᱵᱤᱰᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱥᱚᱦᱢᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱦᱤᱫᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} ==ᱫᱟᱲᱮ== ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ '''᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ''' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱯᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱮᱞ !! ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ !! ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ !! ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ |- | U#1 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ || ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tatapower.com/media-corner/pressrelease-2012/press-release-24-jul-2012.aspx|title = Tata Power}}</ref> |- | U#2 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ || ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ |- |} ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Portal|India|Energy}} * ᱥᱳᱨᱥᱣᱚᱪ ᱨᱮ [http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Maithon_Right_Bank_Thermal_Power_Station ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ] {{ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ}} {{ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] qmbu1l5804i53tnbcbmv4rwbu78he9i 193048 193039 2026-06-20T15:03:18Z MT731 2184 ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ (running – ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ) 193048 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ}} {{Infobox power station | name = ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ | name_official = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = <!-- {{coord| | |region:IN_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}} --> | country = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | location = [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | owner = | status = ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ | construction_began = | commissioned = | decommissioned = | cost = | operator = [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]] | th_fuel_primary = [[ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ]] | th_fuel_tertiary = | ps_units_operational = 2 X 525 MW | ps_units_manu_model = | th_combined_cycle = | ps_electrical_capacity = ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ | ps_electrical_cap_fac = | website = }}'''ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ''' (ᱮᱢ.ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱞ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱒×᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱯᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱪᱚᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱣᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tatapower.com/mpl/home.aspx|title=Maithon Power Limited {{!}} Thermal Power Plants in India|website=www.tatapower.com|access-date=2016-10-27}}</ref> {{OSM Location map | width=160| height=175| zoom=11 | coord={{coord|23|44|50|N|86|45|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ, ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ'''<br/>M: ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ, CT: ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, N: ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ, R: ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ/ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ, D: ᱰᱮᱢ, P: ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ<br/>ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ |mark-coord1={{coord|23|47|40|N|86|42|34|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1= Bhamal | numbered1=CT| mark-title1=[[ᱵᱷᱟᱢᱟᱞ]] (CT)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2 |mark-coord2={{coord|23|44|5|N|86|46|29|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2= Panchmahali| numbered2=CT| mark-title2=[[ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱢᱟᱦᱟᱞᱤ]] (CT) |mark-coord3={{coord|23|42|55|N|86|47|24|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Dumarkunda| numbered3=CT| mark-title3=[[ᱰᱩᱢᱟᱨᱠᱩᱸᱰᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord4={{coord|23|41|24|N|86|45|36|E}} | label-pos4=left|label4= Panchet| numbered4=CT| mark-title4=[[ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱮᱛ]] (CT) |mark-coord5={{coord|23|47|29|N|86|41|47|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5= Panrra| numbered5=CT| mark-title5=[[ᱯᱟᱱᱨᱨᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord6={{coord|23|47|11|N|86|42|16|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Nirsa| numbered6=CT| mark-title6=[[ᱱᱤᱨᱥᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord7={{coord|23|45|46|N|86|43|48|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7= Marma| numbered7=CT| mark-title7=[[ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ, ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord8={{coord|23|45|20|N|86|46|12|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Egarkunr| numbered8=CT| mark-title8=[[ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱠᱩᱸᱨ]] (CT) |mark-coord9={{coord|23|45|20|N|86|47|0|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Siuliban| numbered9=CT| mark-title9=[[ᱥᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱵᱟᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord10={{coord|23|45|45|N|86|47|37|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Mera| numbered10=CT| mark-title10=[[ᱢᱮᱨᱟ, ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord11={{coord|23|46|12|N|86|48|30|E}} | label-pos11=left|label11= Maithon| numbered11=CT| mark-title11=[[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord12={{coord|23|44|24|N|86|48|0|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12=Chirkunda| numbered12=M| mark-title12= [[ᱪᱤᱨᱠᱩᱸᱰᱟ]] (M) |label-color12=#800000 |mark-coord13={{coord|23|45|0|N|86|47|5|E}} | label-pos13=left|label13= Kumardubi| numbered13=N| mark-title13= [[ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱰᱩᱵᱤ]] (N) |shape-color13= #C42222 |mark-coord14={{coord|23|46|12|N|86|43|48|E}} | label-pos14=right|label14=Mugma| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[ᱢᱩᱜᱽᱢᱟ]] (R)| shape-14 =#C42222 |mark-coord15={{coord|23|46|34|N|86|43|39|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15=ECL Mugma Area |numbered15=0 | mark-title15=[[ᱢᱩᱜᱽᱜᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | label-size15=12| shape-color15=#AA6666 |mark-coord16={{coord|23|43|45|N|86|44|30|E}} | label-pos16=bottom|label16=BCCL Chanch/ Victoria Area |numbered16=0 | mark-title16=[[ᱪᱟᱸᱪ/ ᱵᱷᱤᱠᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | label-size16=12| shape-color16=#AA6666 |mark-coord17={{coord|23.7809|86.8055}}| label17= Maithon|labela17= Dam| label-color17 = #C42222 | label-angle17=0| label-pos17=top| label-size17=10| mark-size17=12| numbered17=D|mark-title17 =[[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱢ]]| shape-color17=#C42222 |mark-coord18={{coord|23.6823|86.7473}}| label18= Panchet|labela18= Dam| label-color18 = #C42222 | label-angle18=0| label-pos18=right| label-size18=10| mark-size18=12| numbered18=D|mark-title18 =[[ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱮᱛ ᱰᱮᱢ]]| shape-color18=#C42222 |mark-coord19={{coord|23|49|4|N|86|45|23|E}} | label-pos19=left|label19= Maithon Power Plant | numbered19=P| mark-title19= ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ |shape-color19=#967117 |mark-coord20={{coord|23|44|29|N|86|39|19|E}} | label-pos20=right|label20=Kaliasole| numbered20=R| mark-title20= [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱥᱳᱞ]] (R)|shape-20 =#C42222}} ᱵᱤᱰᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱥᱚᱦᱢᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱦᱤᱫᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} ==ᱫᱟᱹᱲᱮ== ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ '''᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ''' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱯᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱮᱞ !! ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ !! ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ !! ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ |- | U#1 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ || ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tatapower.com/media-corner/pressrelease-2012/press-release-24-jul-2012.aspx|title = Tata Power}}</ref> |- | U#2 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ || ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ |- |} ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Portal|India|Energy}} * ᱥᱳᱨᱥᱣᱚᱪ ᱨᱮ [http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Maithon_Right_Bank_Thermal_Power_Station ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ] {{ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ}} {{ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] mihuxm23z5g9toy0rg9gfmcpmbwd0ct 193052 193048 2026-06-20T15:17:26Z MT731 2184 193052 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ}} {{Infobox power station | name = ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ | name_official = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = <!-- {{coord| | |region:IN_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}} --> | country = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | location = [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | owner = | status = ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ | construction_began = | commissioned = | decommissioned = | cost = | operator = [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]] | th_fuel_primary = [[ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ]] | th_fuel_tertiary = | ps_units_operational = ᱒ X ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ | ps_units_manu_model = | th_combined_cycle = | ps_electrical_capacity = ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ | ps_electrical_cap_fac = | website = }}'''ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ''' (ᱮᱢ.ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱞ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱒×᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱯᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱪᱚᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱣᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tatapower.com/mpl/home.aspx|title=Maithon Power Limited {{!}} Thermal Power Plants in India|website=www.tatapower.com|access-date=2016-10-27}}</ref> {{OSM Location map | width=160| height=175| zoom=11 | coord={{coord|23|44|50|N|86|45|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ, ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ'''<br/>M: ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ, CT: ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, N: ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ, R: ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ/ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ, D: ᱰᱮᱢ, P: ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ<br/>ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ |mark-coord1={{coord|23|47|40|N|86|42|34|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1= Bhamal | numbered1=CT| mark-title1=[[ᱵᱷᱟᱢᱟᱞ]] (CT)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2 |mark-coord2={{coord|23|44|5|N|86|46|29|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2= Panchmahali| numbered2=CT| mark-title2=[[ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱢᱟᱦᱟᱞᱤ]] (CT) |mark-coord3={{coord|23|42|55|N|86|47|24|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Dumarkunda| numbered3=CT| mark-title3=[[ᱰᱩᱢᱟᱨᱠᱩᱸᱰᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord4={{coord|23|41|24|N|86|45|36|E}} | label-pos4=left|label4= Panchet| numbered4=CT| mark-title4=[[ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱮᱛ]] (CT) |mark-coord5={{coord|23|47|29|N|86|41|47|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5= Panrra| numbered5=CT| mark-title5=[[ᱯᱟᱱᱨᱨᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord6={{coord|23|47|11|N|86|42|16|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Nirsa| numbered6=CT| mark-title6=[[ᱱᱤᱨᱥᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord7={{coord|23|45|46|N|86|43|48|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7= Marma| numbered7=CT| mark-title7=[[ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ, ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord8={{coord|23|45|20|N|86|46|12|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Egarkunr| numbered8=CT| mark-title8=[[ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱠᱩᱸᱨ]] (CT) |mark-coord9={{coord|23|45|20|N|86|47|0|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Siuliban| numbered9=CT| mark-title9=[[ᱥᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱵᱟᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord10={{coord|23|45|45|N|86|47|37|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Mera| numbered10=CT| mark-title10=[[ᱢᱮᱨᱟ, ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord11={{coord|23|46|12|N|86|48|30|E}} | label-pos11=left|label11= Maithon| numbered11=CT| mark-title11=[[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord12={{coord|23|44|24|N|86|48|0|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12=Chirkunda| numbered12=M| mark-title12= [[ᱪᱤᱨᱠᱩᱸᱰᱟ]] (M) |label-color12=#800000 |mark-coord13={{coord|23|45|0|N|86|47|5|E}} | label-pos13=left|label13= Kumardubi| numbered13=N| mark-title13= [[ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱰᱩᱵᱤ]] (N) |shape-color13= #C42222 |mark-coord14={{coord|23|46|12|N|86|43|48|E}} | label-pos14=right|label14=Mugma| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[ᱢᱩᱜᱽᱢᱟ]] (R)| shape-14 =#C42222 |mark-coord15={{coord|23|46|34|N|86|43|39|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15=ECL Mugma Area |numbered15=0 | mark-title15=[[ᱢᱩᱜᱽᱜᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | label-size15=12| shape-color15=#AA6666 |mark-coord16={{coord|23|43|45|N|86|44|30|E}} | label-pos16=bottom|label16=BCCL Chanch/ Victoria Area |numbered16=0 | mark-title16=[[ᱪᱟᱸᱪ/ ᱵᱷᱤᱠᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | label-size16=12| shape-color16=#AA6666 |mark-coord17={{coord|23.7809|86.8055}}| label17= Maithon|labela17= Dam| label-color17 = #C42222 | label-angle17=0| label-pos17=top| label-size17=10| mark-size17=12| numbered17=D|mark-title17 =[[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱢ]]| shape-color17=#C42222 |mark-coord18={{coord|23.6823|86.7473}}| label18= Panchet|labela18= Dam| label-color18 = #C42222 | label-angle18=0| label-pos18=right| label-size18=10| mark-size18=12| numbered18=D|mark-title18 =[[ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱮᱛ ᱰᱮᱢ]]| shape-color18=#C42222 |mark-coord19={{coord|23|49|4|N|86|45|23|E}} | label-pos19=left|label19= Maithon Power Plant | numbered19=P| mark-title19= ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ |shape-color19=#967117 |mark-coord20={{coord|23|44|29|N|86|39|19|E}} | label-pos20=right|label20=Kaliasole| numbered20=R| mark-title20= [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱥᱳᱞ]] (R)|shape-20 =#C42222}} ᱵᱤᱰᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱥᱚᱦᱢᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱦᱤᱫᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} ==ᱫᱟᱲᱮ== ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ '''᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ''' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱯᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱮᱞ !! ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ !! ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ !! ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ |- | U#1 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ || ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tatapower.com/media-corner/pressrelease-2012/press-release-24-jul-2012.aspx|title = Tata Power}}</ref> |- | U#2 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ || ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ |- |} ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Portal|India|Energy}} * ᱥᱳᱨᱥᱣᱚᱪ ᱨᱮ [http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Maithon_Right_Bank_Thermal_Power_Station ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ] {{ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ}} {{ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] aijahaav0e2yz0j2bsbfr13q96yrk9f 193058 193052 2026-06-20T15:55:58Z MT731 2184 193058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ}} {{Infobox power station | name = ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ | name_official = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = <!-- {{coord| | |region:IN_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}} --> | country = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | location = [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | owner = | status = ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ | construction_began = | commissioned = | decommissioned = | cost = | operator = [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]] | th_fuel_primary = [[ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ]] | th_fuel_tertiary = | ps_units_operational = ᱒ X ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ | ps_units_manu_model = | th_combined_cycle = | ps_electrical_capacity = ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ | ps_electrical_cap_fac = | website = }}'''ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ''' (ᱮᱢ.ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱞ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱒×᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱯᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱪᱚᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱣᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tatapower.com/mpl/home.aspx|title=Maithon Power Limited {{!}} Thermal Power Plants in India|website=www.tatapower.com|access-date=2016-10-27}}</ref> {{OSM Location map | width=160| height=175| zoom=11 | coord={{coord|23|44|50|N|86|45|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ, ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ'''<br/>M: ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ, CT: ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, N: ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ, R: ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ/ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ, D: ᱰᱮᱢ, P: ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ<br/>ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ |mark-coord1={{coord|23|47|40|N|86|42|34|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1= Bhamal | numbered1=CT| mark-title1=[[ᱵᱷᱟᱢᱟᱞ]] (CT)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2 |mark-coord2={{coord|23|44|5|N|86|46|29|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2= Panchmahali| numbered2=CT| mark-title2=[[ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱢᱟᱦᱟᱞᱤ]] (CT) |mark-coord3={{coord|23|42|55|N|86|47|24|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Dumarkunda| numbered3=CT| mark-title3=[[ᱰᱩᱢᱟᱨᱠᱩᱸᱰᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord4={{coord|23|41|24|N|86|45|36|E}} | label-pos4=left|label4= Panchet| numbered4=CT| mark-title4=[[ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱮᱛ]] (CT) |mark-coord5={{coord|23|47|29|N|86|41|47|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5= Panrra| numbered5=CT| mark-title5=[[ᱯᱟᱱᱨᱨᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord6={{coord|23|47|11|N|86|42|16|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Nirsa| numbered6=CT| mark-title6=[[ᱱᱤᱨᱥᱟ]] (CT) |mark-coord7={{coord|23|45|46|N|86|43|48|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7= Marma| numbered7=CT| mark-title7=[[ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ, ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord8={{coord|23|45|20|N|86|46|12|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Egarkunr| numbered8=CT| mark-title8=[[ᱮᱜᱟᱨᱠᱩᱸᱨ]] (CT) |mark-coord9={{coord|23|45|20|N|86|47|0|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Siuliban| numbered9=CT| mark-title9=[[ᱥᱤᱭᱩᱞᱤᱵᱟᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord10={{coord|23|45|45|N|86|47|37|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Mera| numbered10=CT| mark-title10=[[ᱢᱮᱨᱟ, ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] (CT) |mark-coord11={{coord|23|46|12|N|86|48|30|E}} | label-pos11=left|label11= Maithon| numbered11=CT| mark-title11=[[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]] (CT) |mark-coord12={{coord|23|44|24|N|86|48|0|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12=Chirkunda| numbered12=M| mark-title12= [[ᱪᱤᱨᱠᱩᱸᱰᱟ]] (M) |label-color12=#800000 |mark-coord13={{coord|23|45|0|N|86|47|5|E}} | label-pos13=left|label13= Kumardubi| numbered13=N| mark-title13= [[ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱰᱩᱵᱤ]] (N) |shape-color13= #C42222 |mark-coord14={{coord|23|46|12|N|86|43|48|E}} | label-pos14=right|label14=Mugma| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[ᱢᱩᱜᱽᱢᱟ]] (R)| shape-14 =#C42222 |mark-coord15={{coord|23|46|34|N|86|43|39|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15=ECL Mugma Area |numbered15=0 | mark-title15=[[ᱢᱩᱜᱽᱜᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | label-size15=12| shape-color15=#AA6666 |mark-coord16={{coord|23|43|45|N|86|44|30|E}} | label-pos16=bottom|label16=BCCL Chanch/ Victoria Area |numbered16=0 | mark-title16=[[ᱪᱟᱸᱪ/ ᱵᱷᱤᱠᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | label-size16=12| shape-color16=#AA6666 |mark-coord17={{coord|23.7809|86.8055}}| label17= Maithon|labela17= Dam| label-color17 = #C42222 | label-angle17=0| label-pos17=top| label-size17=10| mark-size17=12| numbered17=D|mark-title17 =[[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱢ]]| shape-color17=#C42222 |mark-coord18={{coord|23.6823|86.7473}}| label18= Panchet|labela18= Dam| label-color18 = #C42222 | label-angle18=0| label-pos18=right| label-size18=10| mark-size18=12| numbered18=D|mark-title18 =[[ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱮᱛ ᱰᱮᱢ]]| shape-color18=#C42222 |mark-coord19={{coord|23|49|4|N|86|45|23|E}} | label-pos19=left|label19= Maithon Power Plant | numbered19=P| mark-title19= ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ |shape-color19=#967117 |mark-coord20={{coord|23|44|29|N|86|39|19|E}} | label-pos20=right|label20=Kaliasole| numbered20=R| mark-title20= [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱥᱳᱞ]] (R)|shape-20 =#C42222}} ᱵᱤᱰᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱥᱚᱦᱢᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱦᱤᱫᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} ==ᱫᱟᱲᱮ== ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ '''᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ''' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱯᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱮᱞ !! ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ !! ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ !! ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ |- | U#1 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ || ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tatapower.com/media-corner/pressrelease-2012/press-release-24-jul-2012.aspx|title = Tata Power}}</ref> |- | U#2 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ || ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ |- |} ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Portal|India|Energy}} * ᱥᱳᱨᱥᱣᱚᱪ ᱨᱮ [http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Maithon_Right_Bank_Thermal_Power_Station ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ] {{ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ}} {{ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] 2ts6dlq1ua1s4pc9gfbap2dn1qihux8 0 36258 193064 2026-06-20T16:45:35Z MT731 2184 "{{Short description|ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ}} {{Infobox power station | name = ᱴᱨᱳᱢᱵᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ | coordinates = {{Coord|19|00|07|N|72|53|54|E|format=dms|type:landmark_region:IN|display=it}} | country = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | location = [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]] | commissioned = ᱑᱙᱘᱔ | owner = ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 193064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ}} {{Infobox power station | name = ᱴᱨᱳᱢᱵᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ | coordinates = {{Coord|19|00|07|N|72|53|54|E|format=dms|type:landmark_region:IN|display=it}} | country = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | location = [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]] | commissioned = ᱑᱙᱘᱔ | owner = [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] }} '''ᱴᱨᱳᱢᱵᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱥᱩᱨ [[ᱴᱨᱳᱢᱵᱮ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞ-ᱵᱟᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱱ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tatapower.com/services/power-projects.aspx|title=Tata Power :: Services :: Power Projects & Related Services|publisher=|accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱤᱢᱤᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱗᱔.᱓᱒ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱙᱐᱐ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱤᱢᱤᱱᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |date=2025-11-24 |title=Leak reveals Amazon’s hidden data centres' impact on emissions |url=https://www.source-material.org/amazon-data-centres-emissions-energy-mumbai-india-coal/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260105201926/https://www.source-material.org/amazon-data-centres-emissions-energy-mumbai-india-coal/ |archive-date=2026-01-05 |access-date=2026-02-03 |website=SourceMaterial |language=en-GB}}</ref> ==ᱫᱟᱲᱮ== ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ '''᱑᱔᱓᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ''' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱯᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: * ᱖᱒.᱕&nbsp;ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ + ᱖᱒.᱕&nbsp;ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ + ᱖᱒.᱕&nbsp;ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ + ᱑᱕᱐&nbsp;ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ (ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱑ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱔) ᱾ * ᱕᱐᱐&nbsp;ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ (ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱕) ᱾ * ᱕᱐᱐&nbsp;ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ (ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱖) ᱾ * ᱑᱘᱐&nbsp;ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨ (ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱗) * ᱒᱕᱐&nbsp;ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ (ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱘) ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱔ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱖ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} {{Portal|India|Energy}} {{ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱨᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] aunwx95qq6ht8rzxbbs85imvg51nclj 0 36259 193071 2026-06-21T08:49:25Z शेखर सत्यार्थी 11157 ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱥᱴᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ 193071 wikitext text/x-wiki ᱢᱤᱫ '''ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ ᱥᱮ ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ{{dash}}ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ{{dash}}ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Abu-FarajHand12">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YKoHGueXrocC&pg=PA62|title=Handbook of Research on Biomedical Engineering Education and Advanced Bioengineering Learning: Interdisciplinary Concepts - Volume 1| vauthors = Catapano G, Verkerke GJ |publisher=Medical Information Science Reference|year=2012|isbn=9781466601239| veditors = Abu-Faraj ZO |location=Hershey, PA|pages=60–95|chapter=Chapter 2: Artificial Organs|access-date=16 March 2016}}</ref> ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ, ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱦᱤᱯ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="GebeleinTheBasics84">{{cite book|title=Polymeric Materials and Artificial Organs|volume = 256| vauthors = Gebelein CG |publisher=American Chemical Society|year=1984|isbn=9780841208544| veditors = Gebelein CG |location=Washington, DC|pages=1–11|chapter=Chapter 1: The Basics of Artificial Organs|doi=10.1021/bk-1984-0256.ch001|series = ACS Symposium Series}}</ref><ref name="RefMD_AO">{{cite web|url=http://www.reference.md/files/D001/mD001187.html|title=Artificial Organs|date=6 June 2012|work=Reference.MD|publisher=RES, Inc|access-date=16 March 2016}}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱴᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ (ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱼᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱴᱮᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱡᱽ, ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ, ᱟᱨ/ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱴᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟ/ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾)<ref name="Tangarti98">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tang R |title=Artificial Organs |journal=BIOS |date=1998 |volume=69 |issue=3 |pages=119–122 |jstor=4608470 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱟᱭᱞᱤᱥᱤᱥ ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱰᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱡᱚᱥ == ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ, ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ-ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ:<ref name="Abu-FarajHand12" /><ref name="Tangarti98" /><ref name="FountainAFirst12">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/16/health/research/scientists-make-progress-in-tailor-made-organs.html |title=A First: Organs Tailor-Made With Body's Own Cells | vauthors = Fountain H |work=The New York Times |date=15 September 2012 |access-date=16 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="MussivandCost97">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mussivand T, Kung RT, McCarthy PM, Poirier VL, Arabia FA, Portner P, Affeld K | title = Cost effectiveness of artificial organ technologies versus conventional therapy | journal = ASAIO Journal | volume = 43 | issue = 3 | pages = 230–236 | date = May 1997 | pmid = 9152498 | doi = 10.1097/00002480-199743030-00021 }}</ref> * ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱛᱟᱺᱜᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ (ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ); * ᱨᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ (ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ); * ᱨᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ (ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚᱠᱞᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱢᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ); ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ * ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱠᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱴ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱥᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱨᱮᱥᱴᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="FDAAnimalDevice">{{cite web |url=https://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/Transparency/Basics/ucm194932.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100908061432/http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/Transparency/Basics/ucm194932.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 8, 2010 |title=Why are animals used for testing medical products? |work=FDA.org |publisher=Food and Drug Administration |date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="GiardinoLab97">{{cite journal | vauthors = Giardino R, Fini M, Orienti L | title = Laboratory animals for artificial organ evaluation | journal = The International Journal of Artificial Organs | volume = 20 | issue = 2 | pages = 76–80 | date = February 1997 | pmid = 9093884 | doi = 10.1177/039139889702000205 | s2cid = 42808335 }}</ref><ref name="nih.gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/making-artificial-ovaries |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170531201742/https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/making-artificial-ovaries |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 31, 2017 |title=A bioprosthetic ovary created using 3D printed microporous scaffolds restores ovarian function in sterilized mice.|publisher=NIH |date= May 2017|access-date=30 January 2018}}</ref> ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ བᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist|30em}} == ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ == {{refbegin}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Chang TM | title = From artificial red blood cells, oxygen carriers, and oxygen therapeutics to artificial cells, nanomedicine, and beyond | journal = Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes, and Immobilization Biotechnology | volume = 40 | issue = 3 | pages = 197–199 | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22409281 | pmc = 3566225 | doi = 10.3109/10731199.2012.662408 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Foster KR, Jaeger J | title = Ethical implications of implantable radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags in humans | journal = The American Journal of Bioethics | volume = 8 | issue = 8 | pages = 44–48 | date = August 2008 | pmid = 18802863 | doi = 10.1080/15265160802317966 | s2cid = 27093558 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Liu Y, Yang R, He Z, Gao WQ | title = Generation of functional organs from stem cells | journal = Cell Regeneration | volume = 2 | issue = 1 | article-number = 2:1 | date = 2013 | pmid = 25408873 | pmc = 4230490 | doi = 10.1186/2045-9769-2-1 | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Tran J |year=2015 |title=To Bioprint or Not to Bioprint |journal=North Carolina Journal of Law and Technology |volume=17 |pages=123–78 |ssrn=2562952}} {{refend}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ == *''ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ''. {{ISSN|1525-1594}}. * [http://www.asaio.com ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱟᱞ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱥ (ASAIO)] * [https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/tech/elon-musk-wants-hook-your-brain-directly-computers-starting-next-ncna1030631 "ᱮᱞᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ — ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ"] NBC ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ {{Authority control}} <!---ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱴᱮᱜᱽ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱢᱮ--> [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱢᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ (ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ)]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱷᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱮᱥᱴᱤᱠᱚᱞ]] av1z70ulybj6m40v9n4ersc34h9mzlb 0 36260 193072 2026-06-21T09:09:02Z शेखर सत्यार्थी 11157 ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱥᱴᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ 193072 wikitext text/x-wiki ᱢᱤᱫ '''ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ''' (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ '''ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ''' ᱥᱮ '''ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱜᱮᱴ''' ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ|ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱠᱚᱞᱯᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ-ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ''ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤᱣᱴᱤᱠᱥ'' ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱮᱱᱤᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Lin |last2=Yang |first2=Zeyong |last3=Liu |first3=Henry |date=2023-02-17 |title=Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers: Where Are We Now in 2023? |journal=Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=396 |doi=10.3390/medicina59020396 |issn=1648-9144 |pmc=9962799 |pmid=36837597 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ, ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱜᱽᱞᱳᱵᱤᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Citation |title=4 - Ventilation, Blood Flow, and Gas Exchange |date=2016 |work=Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine |pages=58–59 |editor-last=Broaddus |editor-first=V. Courtney |editor-last2=Mason |editor-first2=Robert J. |editor-last3=Ernst |editor-first3=Joel D. |editor-last4=King, Jr. |editor-first4=Talmadge E. |editor-last5=Lazarus |editor-first5=Stephen C. |editor-last6=Murray |editor-first6=John F. |editor-last7=Nadel |editor-first7=Jay A. |editor-last8=Slutsky |editor-first8=Arthur S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hux1BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA58 |access-date=2025-09-09 |archive-url= |edition=6th |place=Philadelphia, PA |publisher=Saunders |isbn=978-1-4557-3383-5}}</ref> ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ-ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱜᱽᱞᱳᱵᱤᱱ-ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ (HBOC)<ref name="HBOC" /> ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱞᱩᱨᱳᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱ-ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Henkel-Honke |first1=T. |last2=Oleck |first2=M. |year=2007 |title=Artificial oxygen carriers: A current review |url=http://www.aana.com/newsandjournal/Documents/henkelhanke205-211.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=AANA Journal |volume=75 |issue=3 |pages=205–11 |pmid=17591302 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185434/http://www.aana.com/newsandjournal/Documents/henkelhanke205-211.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2016-02-09}}</ref> ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤᱣᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱨᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":0" /> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱵᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ, ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱡᱤᱱ, ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱪᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ-ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ-ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ, ᱜᱚᱡ ᱜᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱢᱳᱞᱟᱭᱴᱤᱠ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ) ᱾<ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last1=Boulton |first1=FE |date=December 2013 |title=Blood transfusion; additional historical aspects. Part 1. The birth of transfusion immunology. |journal=Transfusion Medicine (Oxford, England) |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=375–81 |doi=10.1111/tme.12075 |pmid=24003949 |s2cid=9038280}}</ref> ᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sarkar |first1=S. |year=2008 |title=Artificial Blood |journal=Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=140–44 |doi=10.4103/0972-5229.43685 |pmc=2738310 |pmid=19742251 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱑᱘ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ,<ref name="pmid10749843">{{cite journal |last1=Lahiri |first1=S |date=April 2000 |title=Historical perspectives of cellular oxygen sensing and responses to hypoxia. |journal=Journal of Applied Physiology |volume=88 |issue=4 |pages=1467–73 |doi=10.1152/jappl.2000.88.4.1467 |pmid=10749843 |s2cid=18810282}}</ref> ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱰᱥᱴᱮᱭᱱᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱠᱚᱞᱯᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱘᱗᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oberman |first=H. A. |date=1969 |title=Early History of Blood Substitutes: Transfusion of Milk |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1537-2995.1969.tb04920.x |journal=Transfusion |language=en |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=74–77 |doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.1969.tb04920.x |pmid=4886198 |issn=1537-2995|hdl=2027.42/74609 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Zaleski |first=Andrew |date=July 5, 2024 |title=There will be blood |url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adr4067 |access-date=2025-09-09 |journal=Science |volume=385 |issue=6704 |pages=16–20 |language=en |doi=10.1126/science.adr4067 |pmid=38963853 |bibcode=2024Sci...385...16Z |url-access=subscription }}</ref> ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪᱹᱟᱭᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱰ ᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="pmid11834811">{{cite journal |author=Squires JE |year=2002 |title=Artificial blood |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=295 |issue=5557 |pages=1002–05 |bibcode=2002Sci...295.1002S |doi=10.1126/science.1068443 |pmid=11834811 |s2cid=35381400}}</ref><ref name="pmid9971869">{{cite journal |vauthors=Goodnough LT, Brecher ME, Kanter MH, AuBuchon JP |year=1999 |title=Transfusion medicine. First of two parts – blood transfusion |journal=[[N. Engl. J. Med.]] |volume=340 |issue=6 |pages=438–47 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199902113400606 |pmid=9971869}}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱢᱚᱱᱠᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱾<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱸᱴ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Alayash2017">{{cite journal |last1=Alayash |first1=AI |date=4 January 2017 |title=Hemoglobin-Based Blood Substitutes and the Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease: More Harm than Help? |journal=Biomolecules |volume=7 |issue=1 |page=2 |doi=10.3390/biom7010002 |pmc=5372714 |pmid=28054978 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, DARPA ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱱᱛᱷᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱞᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱘ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |last=Webster |first=Hanna |date=4 February 2023|title=DARPA puts $46.4M toward synthetic blood development |url=https://www.ems1.com/research/articles/darpa-puts-464m-toward-synthetic-blood-development-9Lh6u4pBF3sV3tud/ |access-date=2023-02-17 |website=EMS1 |language=en}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist|35em}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ == * [https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/everyday-innovations/artificial-blood3.htm ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ] [[HowStuffWorks]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱱᱛᱷᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] 6gb2ntpyspyrp8c3q35mr2n97wx5i6i 193073 193072 2026-06-21T09:09:46Z शेखर सत्यार्थी 11157 193073 wikitext text/x-wiki ᱢᱤᱫ '''ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ''' (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ '''ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ''' ᱥᱮ '''ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱜᱮᱴ''' ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ|ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱠᱚᱞᱯᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ-ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ''ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤᱣᱴᱤᱠᱥ'' ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱮᱱᱤᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Lin |last2=Yang |first2=Zeyong |last3=Liu |first3=Henry |date=2023-02-17 |title=Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers: Where Are We Now in 2023? |journal=Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=396 |doi=10.3390/medicina59020396 |issn=1648-9144 |pmc=9962799 |pmid=36837597 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ, ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱜᱽᱞᱳᱵᱤᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Citation |title=4 - Ventilation, Blood Flow, and Gas Exchange |date=2016 |work=Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine |pages=58–59 |editor-last=Broaddus |editor-first=V. Courtney |editor-last2=Mason |editor-first2=Robert J. |editor-last3=Ernst |editor-first3=Joel D. |editor-last4=King, Jr. |editor-first4=Talmadge E. |editor-last5=Lazarus |editor-first5=Stephen C. |editor-last6=Murray |editor-first6=John F. |editor-last7=Nadel |editor-first7=Jay A. |editor-last8=Slutsky |editor-first8=Arthur S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hux1BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA58 |access-date=2025-09-09 |archive-url= |edition=6th |place=Philadelphia, PA |publisher=Saunders |isbn=978-1-4557-3383-5}}</ref> ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ-ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱜᱽᱞᱳᱵᱤᱱ-ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ (HBOC) ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱞᱩᱨᱳᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱ-ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Henkel-Honke |first1=T. |last2=Oleck |first2=M. |year=2007 |title=Artificial oxygen carriers: A current review |url=http://www.aana.com/newsandjournal/Documents/henkelhanke205-211.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=AANA Journal |volume=75 |issue=3 |pages=205–11 |pmid=17591302 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185434/http://www.aana.com/newsandjournal/Documents/henkelhanke205-211.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2016-02-09}}</ref> ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤᱣᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱨᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":0" /> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱵᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ, ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱡᱤᱱ, ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱪᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ-ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ-ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ, ᱜᱚᱡ ᱜᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱢᱳᱞᱟᱭᱴᱤᱠ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ) ᱾<ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last1=Boulton |first1=FE |date=December 2013 |title=Blood transfusion; additional historical aspects. Part 1. The birth of transfusion immunology. |journal=Transfusion Medicine (Oxford, England) |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=375–81 |doi=10.1111/tme.12075 |pmid=24003949 |s2cid=9038280}}</ref> ᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sarkar |first1=S. |year=2008 |title=Artificial Blood |journal=Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=140–44 |doi=10.4103/0972-5229.43685 |pmc=2738310 |pmid=19742251 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱑᱘ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ,<ref name="pmid10749843">{{cite journal |last1=Lahiri |first1=S |date=April 2000 |title=Historical perspectives of cellular oxygen sensing and responses to hypoxia. |journal=Journal of Applied Physiology |volume=88 |issue=4 |pages=1467–73 |doi=10.1152/jappl.2000.88.4.1467 |pmid=10749843 |s2cid=18810282}}</ref> ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱰᱥᱴᱮᱭᱱᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱠᱚᱞᱯᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱘᱗᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oberman |first=H. A. |date=1969 |title=Early History of Blood Substitutes: Transfusion of Milk |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1537-2995.1969.tb04920.x |journal=Transfusion |language=en |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=74–77 |doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.1969.tb04920.x |pmid=4886198 |issn=1537-2995|hdl=2027.42/74609 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Zaleski |first=Andrew |date=July 5, 2024 |title=There will be blood |url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adr4067 |access-date=2025-09-09 |journal=Science |volume=385 |issue=6704 |pages=16–20 |language=en |doi=10.1126/science.adr4067 |pmid=38963853 |bibcode=2024Sci...385...16Z |url-access=subscription }}</ref> ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪᱹᱟᱭᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱰ ᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="pmid11834811">{{cite journal |author=Squires JE |year=2002 |title=Artificial blood |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=295 |issue=5557 |pages=1002–05 |bibcode=2002Sci...295.1002S |doi=10.1126/science.1068443 |pmid=11834811 |s2cid=35381400}}</ref><ref name="pmid9971869">{{cite journal |vauthors=Goodnough LT, Brecher ME, Kanter MH, AuBuchon JP |year=1999 |title=Transfusion medicine. First of two parts – blood transfusion |journal=[[N. Engl. J. Med.]] |volume=340 |issue=6 |pages=438–47 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199902113400606 |pmid=9971869}}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱢᱚᱱᱠᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱾<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱸᱴ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Alayash2017">{{cite journal |last1=Alayash |first1=AI |date=4 January 2017 |title=Hemoglobin-Based Blood Substitutes and the Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease: More Harm than Help? |journal=Biomolecules |volume=7 |issue=1 |page=2 |doi=10.3390/biom7010002 |pmc=5372714 |pmid=28054978 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, DARPA ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱱᱛᱷᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱞᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱘ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |last=Webster |first=Hanna |date=4 February 2023|title=DARPA puts $46.4M toward synthetic blood development |url=https://www.ems1.com/research/articles/darpa-puts-464m-toward-synthetic-blood-development-9Lh6u4pBF3sV3tud/ |access-date=2023-02-17 |website=EMS1 |language=en}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist|35em}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ == * [https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/everyday-innovations/artificial-blood3.htm ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ] [[HowStuffWorks]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱱᱛᱷᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] 6t38ijtsavu5jqcixxz5osd00ql1mc1 0 36261 193074 2026-06-21T09:19:40Z शेखर सत्यार्थी 11157 ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱥᱴᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ 193074 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Epigenetic mechanisms.png|thumb|580x580px|ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] '''ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ''' ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Baker_1988">{{cite journal | vauthors = Baker GT, Sprott RL | title = Biomarkers of aging | journal = Experimental Gerontology | volume = 23 | issue = 4–5 | pages = 223–239 | date = January 1988 | pmid = 3058488 | doi = 10.1016/0531-5565(88)90025-3 | s2cid = 31039588 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1258547 }}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ "'''ᱵᱟᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ'''" ᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Baker_1988" /> ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱞᱚᱝᱜᱤᱪᱩᱰᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Harrison DE | title = V. Life span as a biomarker | date = November 11, 2011 | publisher = [[Jackson Laboratory]] | url = http://research.jax.org/faculty/harrison/ger1vLifespan1.html | access-date = 2011-12-03 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120426015835/http://research.jax.org/faculty/harrison/ger1vLifespan1.html | archive-date = April 26, 2012 }}</ref> ᱟᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱟ, ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾<ref name="Baker_1988" /> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ "ᱮᱡᱤᱭᱳᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahadi S, Zhou W, Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose SM, Sailani MR, Contrepois K, Avina M, Ashland M, Brunet A, Snyder M | title = Personal aging markers and ageotypes revealed by deep longitudinal profiling | journal = Nature Medicine | volume = 26 | issue = 1 | pages = 83–90 | date = Jan 2020 | pmid = 31932806 | pmc = 7301912 | doi = 10.1038/s41591-019-0719-5 }}</ref> ᱩᱵ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱠᱩᱸᱪᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Van Neste D, Tobin DJ | title = Hair cycle and hair pigmentation: dynamic interactions and changes associated with aging | journal = Micron | volume = 35 | issue = 3 | pages = 193–200 | date = April 2004 | pmid = 15036274 | doi = 10.1016/j.micron.2003.11.006 }}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱᱤᱛ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Chen W, Qian W, Wu G, Chen W, Xian B, Chen X, Cao Y, Green CD, Zhao F, Tang K, Han JD | title = Three-dimensional human facial morphologies as robust aging markers | journal = Cell Research | volume = 25 | issue = 5 | pages = 574–587 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25828530 | pmc = 4423077 | doi = 10.1038/cr.2015.36 | language = en | issn = 1748-7838 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Nishimura EK, Granter SR, Fisher DE | title = Mechanisms of Hair Graying: Incomplete Melanocyte Stem Cell Maintenance in the Niche | journal = Science | volume = 307 | issue = 5710 | pages = 720–724 | date = 2005-02-04 | pmid = 15618488 | doi = 10.1126/science.1099593 | bibcode = 2005Sci...307..720N | url = https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1099593 | language = en | issn = 0036-8075 | url-access = subscription }}</ref> ᱮᱱᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱩᱱᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ CD4 ᱟᱨ CD8 ᱢᱮᱢᱳᱨᱤ T ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱵᱷ T ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller RA | title = Biomarkers of Aging: Prediction of Longevity by Using Age-Sensitive T-Cell Subset Determinations in a Middle-Aged, Genetically Heterogeneous Mouse Population | journal = The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences | volume = 56 | issue = 4 | pages = B180–B186 | date = 1 April 2001 | pmid = 11283189 | pmc = 7537444 | doi = 10.1093/gerona/56.4.b180 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱵᱤᱜᱽ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱮᱱᱟᱞᱤᱥᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ "ᱮᱡᱤᱝ ᱠᱞᱚᱠ" ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱯᱤᱡᱮᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Horvath_2013" /><ref>{{cite journal | title=A sex-adjusted 7-biomarker clinical aging clock for translational preventative medicine | journal=Scientific Reports | date=2025 | volume=15 | issue=1 | article-number=43538 | doi=10.1038/s41598-025-27478-9 | pmid=41372266 | pmc=12695998 | bibcode=2025NatSR..1543538M | vauthors = Meyer DH, Mejia G, Molière A, Wangprapa P, Khunlertkit T, Teekakirikul P, Ewald CY, Viecelli C }}</ref> ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱰᱮᱴᱟᱥᱮᱴ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ-ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Mamoshina_2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mamoshina P, Kochetov K, Putin E, Cortese F, Aliper A, Lee WS, Ahn SM, Uhn L, Skjodt N, Kovalchuk O, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Zhavoronkov A | title = Population Specific Biomarkers of Human Aging: A Big Data Study Using South Korean, Canadian, and Eastern European Patient Populations | journal = The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences | volume = 73 | issue = 11 | pages = 1482–1490 | date = 8 October 2018 | pmid = 29340580 | pmc = 6175034 | doi = 10.1093/gerona/gly005 }}</ref> ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱠᱨᱤᱯᱴᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Peters MJ, Joehanes R, Pilling LC, Schurmann C, Conneely KN, Powell J, Reinmaa E, Sutphin GL, Zhernakova A, Schramm K, Wilson YA, Kobes S, Tukiainen T, Nalls MA, Hernandez DG, Cookson MR, Gibbs RJ, Hardy J, Ramasamy A, Zonderman AB, Dillman A, Traynor B, Smith C, Longo DL, Trabzuni D, Troncoso J, van der Brug M, Weale ME, O'Brien R, Johnson R, Walker R, Zielke RH, Arepalli S, Ryten M, Singleton AB, Ramos YF, Göring HH, Fornage M, Liu Y, Gharib SA, Stranger BE, De Jager PL, Aviv A, Levy D, Murabito JM, Munson PJ, Huan T, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, van Rooij J, Stolk L, Broer L, Verbiest MM, Jhamai M, Arp P, Metspalu A, Tserel L, Milani L, Samani NJ, Peterson P, Kasela S, Codd V, Peters A, Ward-Caviness CK, Herder C, Waldenberger M, Roden M, Singmann P, Zeilinger S, Illig T, Homuth G, Grabe HJ, Völzke H, Steil L, Kocher T, Murray A, Melzer D, Yaghootkar H, Bandinelli S, Moses EK, Kent JW, Curran JE, Johnson MP, Williams-Blangero S, Westra HJ, McRae AF, Smith JA, Kardia SL, Hovatta I, Perola M, Ripatti S, Salomaa V, Henders AK, Martin NG, Smith AK, Mehta D, Binder EB, Nylocks KM, Kennedy EM, Klengel T, Ding J, Suchy-Dicey AM, Enquobahrie DA, Brody J, Rotter JI, Chen YD, Houwing-Duistermaat J, Kloppenburg M, Slagboom PE, Helmer Q, den Hollander W, Bean S, Raj T, Bakhshi N, Wang QP, Oyston LJ, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Montgomery GW, Turner ST, Blangero J, Meulenbelt I, Ressler KJ, Yang J, Franke L, Kettunen J, Visscher PM, Neely GG, Korstanje R, Hanson RL, Prokisch H, Ferrucci L, Esko T, Teumer A, van Meurs JB, Johnson AD | title = The transcriptional landscape of age in human peripheral blood | journal = Nature Communications | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | article-number = 8570 | date = 22 October 2015 | pmid = 26490707 | pmc = 4639797 | doi = 10.1038/ncomms9570 | bibcode = 2015NatCo...6.8570. }}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111105213958/http://www.nia.nih.gov/NewsAndEvents/PressReleases/PR20020801Biomarkers.htm ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱡᱽ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱟᱭᱡᱚᱨᱤ] [[ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱤᱭᱩᱴ ᱚᱱ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱭᱳᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱥᱮᱱᱥ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]] m1b9urgsmjsxxre4q37zu99io2dl87u 193075 193074 2026-06-21T09:20:40Z शेखर सत्यार्थी 11157 ᱱ 193075 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Epigenetic mechanisms.png|thumb|580x580px|ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] '''ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ''' ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Baker_1988">{{cite journal | vauthors = Baker GT, Sprott RL | title = Biomarkers of aging | journal = Experimental Gerontology | volume = 23 | issue = 4–5 | pages = 223–239 | date = January 1988 | pmid = 3058488 | doi = 10.1016/0531-5565(88)90025-3 | s2cid = 31039588 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1258547 }}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ "'''ᱵᱟᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ'''" ᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Baker_1988" /> ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱞᱚᱝᱜᱤᱪᱩᱰᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Harrison DE | title = V. Life span as a biomarker | date = November 11, 2011 | publisher = [[Jackson Laboratory]] | url = http://research.jax.org/faculty/harrison/ger1vLifespan1.html | access-date = 2011-12-03 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120426015835/http://research.jax.org/faculty/harrison/ger1vLifespan1.html | archive-date = April 26, 2012 }}</ref> ᱟᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱟ, ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾<ref name="Baker_1988" /> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ "ᱮᱡᱤᱭᱳᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahadi S, Zhou W, Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose SM, Sailani MR, Contrepois K, Avina M, Ashland M, Brunet A, Snyder M | title = Personal aging markers and ageotypes revealed by deep longitudinal profiling | journal = Nature Medicine | volume = 26 | issue = 1 | pages = 83–90 | date = Jan 2020 | pmid = 31932806 | pmc = 7301912 | doi = 10.1038/s41591-019-0719-5 }}</ref> ᱩᱵ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱠᱩᱸᱪᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Van Neste D, Tobin DJ | title = Hair cycle and hair pigmentation: dynamic interactions and changes associated with aging | journal = Micron | volume = 35 | issue = 3 | pages = 193–200 | date = April 2004 | pmid = 15036274 | doi = 10.1016/j.micron.2003.11.006 }}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱᱤᱛ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Chen W, Qian W, Wu G, Chen W, Xian B, Chen X, Cao Y, Green CD, Zhao F, Tang K, Han JD | title = Three-dimensional human facial morphologies as robust aging markers | journal = Cell Research | volume = 25 | issue = 5 | pages = 574–587 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25828530 | pmc = 4423077 | doi = 10.1038/cr.2015.36 | language = en | issn = 1748-7838 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Nishimura EK, Granter SR, Fisher DE | title = Mechanisms of Hair Graying: Incomplete Melanocyte Stem Cell Maintenance in the Niche | journal = Science | volume = 307 | issue = 5710 | pages = 720–724 | date = 2005-02-04 | pmid = 15618488 | doi = 10.1126/science.1099593 | bibcode = 2005Sci...307..720N | url = https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1099593 | language = en | issn = 0036-8075 | url-access = subscription }}</ref> ᱮᱱᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱩᱱᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ CD4 ᱟᱨ CD8 ᱢᱮᱢᱳᱨᱤ T ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱵᱷ T ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller RA | title = Biomarkers of Aging: Prediction of Longevity by Using Age-Sensitive T-Cell Subset Determinations in a Middle-Aged, Genetically Heterogeneous Mouse Population | journal = The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences | volume = 56 | issue = 4 | pages = B180–B186 | date = 1 April 2001 | pmid = 11283189 | pmc = 7537444 | doi = 10.1093/gerona/56.4.b180 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱵᱤᱜᱽ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱮᱱᱟᱞᱤᱥᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ "ᱮᱡᱤᱝ ᱠᱞᱚᱠ" ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱯᱤᱡᱮᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | title=A sex-adjusted 7-biomarker clinical aging clock for translational preventative medicine | journal=Scientific Reports | date=2025 | volume=15 | issue=1 | article-number=43538 | doi=10.1038/s41598-025-27478-9 | pmid=41372266 | pmc=12695998 | bibcode=2025NatSR..1543538M | vauthors = Meyer DH, Mejia G, Molière A, Wangprapa P, Khunlertkit T, Teekakirikul P, Ewald CY, Viecelli C }}</ref> ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱰᱮᱴᱟᱥᱮᱴ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ-ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Mamoshina_2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mamoshina P, Kochetov K, Putin E, Cortese F, Aliper A, Lee WS, Ahn SM, Uhn L, Skjodt N, Kovalchuk O, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Zhavoronkov A | title = Population Specific Biomarkers of Human Aging: A Big Data Study Using South Korean, Canadian, and Eastern European Patient Populations | journal = The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences | volume = 73 | issue = 11 | pages = 1482–1490 | date = 8 October 2018 | pmid = 29340580 | pmc = 6175034 | doi = 10.1093/gerona/gly005 }}</ref> ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱠᱨᱤᱯᱴᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Peters MJ, Joehanes R, Pilling LC, Schurmann C, Conneely KN, Powell J, Reinmaa E, Sutphin GL, Zhernakova A, Schramm K, Wilson YA, Kobes S, Tukiainen T, Nalls MA, Hernandez DG, Cookson MR, Gibbs RJ, Hardy J, Ramasamy A, Zonderman AB, Dillman A, Traynor B, Smith C, Longo DL, Trabzuni D, Troncoso J, van der Brug M, Weale ME, O'Brien R, Johnson R, Walker R, Zielke RH, Arepalli S, Ryten M, Singleton AB, Ramos YF, Göring HH, Fornage M, Liu Y, Gharib SA, Stranger BE, De Jager PL, Aviv A, Levy D, Murabito JM, Munson PJ, Huan T, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, van Rooij J, Stolk L, Broer L, Verbiest MM, Jhamai M, Arp P, Metspalu A, Tserel L, Milani L, Samani NJ, Peterson P, Kasela S, Codd V, Peters A, Ward-Caviness CK, Herder C, Waldenberger M, Roden M, Singmann P, Zeilinger S, Illig T, Homuth G, Grabe HJ, Völzke H, Steil L, Kocher T, Murray A, Melzer D, Yaghootkar H, Bandinelli S, Moses EK, Kent JW, Curran JE, Johnson MP, Williams-Blangero S, Westra HJ, McRae AF, Smith JA, Kardia SL, Hovatta I, Perola M, Ripatti S, Salomaa V, Henders AK, Martin NG, Smith AK, Mehta D, Binder EB, Nylocks KM, Kennedy EM, Klengel T, Ding J, Suchy-Dicey AM, Enquobahrie DA, Brody J, Rotter JI, Chen YD, Houwing-Duistermaat J, Kloppenburg M, Slagboom PE, Helmer Q, den Hollander W, Bean S, Raj T, Bakhshi N, Wang QP, Oyston LJ, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Montgomery GW, Turner ST, Blangero J, Meulenbelt I, Ressler KJ, Yang J, Franke L, Kettunen J, Visscher PM, Neely GG, Korstanje R, Hanson RL, Prokisch H, Ferrucci L, Esko T, Teumer A, van Meurs JB, Johnson AD | title = The transcriptional landscape of age in human peripheral blood | journal = Nature Communications | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | article-number = 8570 | date = 22 October 2015 | pmid = 26490707 | pmc = 4639797 | doi = 10.1038/ncomms9570 | bibcode = 2015NatCo...6.8570. }}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111105213958/http://www.nia.nih.gov/NewsAndEvents/PressReleases/PR20020801Biomarkers.htm ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱡᱽ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱟᱭᱡᱚᱨᱤ] [[ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱤᱭᱩᱴ ᱚᱱ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱭᱳᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱥᱮᱱᱥ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]] rastujsi2fgvr7vfb4w4mmu5ziixagw 193076 193075 2026-06-21T09:21:04Z शेखर सत्यार्थी 11157 /* ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ */ 193076 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Epigenetic mechanisms.png|thumb|580x580px|ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] '''ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ''' ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Baker_1988">{{cite journal | vauthors = Baker GT, Sprott RL | title = Biomarkers of aging | journal = Experimental Gerontology | volume = 23 | issue = 4–5 | pages = 223–239 | date = January 1988 | pmid = 3058488 | doi = 10.1016/0531-5565(88)90025-3 | s2cid = 31039588 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1258547 }}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ "'''ᱵᱟᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ'''" ᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Baker_1988" /> ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱞᱚᱝᱜᱤᱪᱩᱰᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Harrison DE | title = V. Life span as a biomarker | date = November 11, 2011 | publisher = [[Jackson Laboratory]] | url = http://research.jax.org/faculty/harrison/ger1vLifespan1.html | access-date = 2011-12-03 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120426015835/http://research.jax.org/faculty/harrison/ger1vLifespan1.html | archive-date = April 26, 2012 }}</ref> ᱟᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱟ, ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾<ref name="Baker_1988" /> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ "ᱮᱡᱤᱭᱳᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahadi S, Zhou W, Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose SM, Sailani MR, Contrepois K, Avina M, Ashland M, Brunet A, Snyder M | title = Personal aging markers and ageotypes revealed by deep longitudinal profiling | journal = Nature Medicine | volume = 26 | issue = 1 | pages = 83–90 | date = Jan 2020 | pmid = 31932806 | pmc = 7301912 | doi = 10.1038/s41591-019-0719-5 }}</ref> ᱩᱵ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱠᱩᱸᱪᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Van Neste D, Tobin DJ | title = Hair cycle and hair pigmentation: dynamic interactions and changes associated with aging | journal = Micron | volume = 35 | issue = 3 | pages = 193–200 | date = April 2004 | pmid = 15036274 | doi = 10.1016/j.micron.2003.11.006 }}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱᱤᱛ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Chen W, Qian W, Wu G, Chen W, Xian B, Chen X, Cao Y, Green CD, Zhao F, Tang K, Han JD | title = Three-dimensional human facial morphologies as robust aging markers | journal = Cell Research | volume = 25 | issue = 5 | pages = 574–587 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25828530 | pmc = 4423077 | doi = 10.1038/cr.2015.36 | language = en | issn = 1748-7838 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Nishimura EK, Granter SR, Fisher DE | title = Mechanisms of Hair Graying: Incomplete Melanocyte Stem Cell Maintenance in the Niche | journal = Science | volume = 307 | issue = 5710 | pages = 720–724 | date = 2005-02-04 | pmid = 15618488 | doi = 10.1126/science.1099593 | bibcode = 2005Sci...307..720N | url = https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1099593 | language = en | issn = 0036-8075 | url-access = subscription }}</ref> ᱮᱱᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱩᱱᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ CD4 ᱟᱨ CD8 ᱢᱮᱢᱳᱨᱤ T ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱵᱷ T ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller RA | title = Biomarkers of Aging: Prediction of Longevity by Using Age-Sensitive T-Cell Subset Determinations in a Middle-Aged, Genetically Heterogeneous Mouse Population | journal = The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences | volume = 56 | issue = 4 | pages = B180–B186 | date = 1 April 2001 | pmid = 11283189 | pmc = 7537444 | doi = 10.1093/gerona/56.4.b180 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱵᱤᱜᱽ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱮᱱᱟᱞᱤᱥᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ "ᱮᱡᱤᱝ ᱠᱞᱚᱠ" ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱯᱤᱡᱮᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | title=A sex-adjusted 7-biomarker clinical aging clock for translational preventative medicine | journal=Scientific Reports | date=2025 | volume=15 | issue=1 | article-number=43538 | doi=10.1038/s41598-025-27478-9 | pmid=41372266 | pmc=12695998 | bibcode=2025NatSR..1543538M | vauthors = Meyer DH, Mejia G, Molière A, Wangprapa P, Khunlertkit T, Teekakirikul P, Ewald CY, Viecelli C }}</ref> ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱰᱮᱴᱟᱥᱮᱴ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ-ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Mamoshina_2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mamoshina P, Kochetov K, Putin E, Cortese F, Aliper A, Lee WS, Ahn SM, Uhn L, Skjodt N, Kovalchuk O, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Zhavoronkov A | title = Population Specific Biomarkers of Human Aging: A Big Data Study Using South Korean, Canadian, and Eastern European Patient Populations | journal = The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences | volume = 73 | issue = 11 | pages = 1482–1490 | date = 8 October 2018 | pmid = 29340580 | pmc = 6175034 | doi = 10.1093/gerona/gly005 }}</ref> ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱠᱨᱤᱯᱴᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱜᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Peters MJ, Joehanes R, Pilling LC, Schurmann C, Conneely KN, Powell J, Reinmaa E, Sutphin GL, Zhernakova A, Schramm K, Wilson YA, Kobes S, Tukiainen T, Nalls MA, Hernandez DG, Cookson MR, Gibbs RJ, Hardy J, Ramasamy A, Zonderman AB, Dillman A, Traynor B, Smith C, Longo DL, Trabzuni D, Troncoso J, van der Brug M, Weale ME, O'Brien R, Johnson R, Walker R, Zielke RH, Arepalli S, Ryten M, Singleton AB, Ramos YF, Göring HH, Fornage M, Liu Y, Gharib SA, Stranger BE, De Jager PL, Aviv A, Levy D, Murabito JM, Munson PJ, Huan T, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, van Rooij J, Stolk L, Broer L, Verbiest MM, Jhamai M, Arp P, Metspalu A, Tserel L, Milani L, Samani NJ, Peterson P, Kasela S, Codd V, Peters A, Ward-Caviness CK, Herder C, Waldenberger M, Roden M, Singmann P, Zeilinger S, Illig T, Homuth G, Grabe HJ, Völzke H, Steil L, Kocher T, Murray A, Melzer D, Yaghootkar H, Bandinelli S, Moses EK, Kent JW, Curran JE, Johnson MP, Williams-Blangero S, Westra HJ, McRae AF, Smith JA, Kardia SL, Hovatta I, Perola M, Ripatti S, Salomaa V, Henders AK, Martin NG, Smith AK, Mehta D, Binder EB, Nylocks KM, Kennedy EM, Klengel T, Ding J, Suchy-Dicey AM, Enquobahrie DA, Brody J, Rotter JI, Chen YD, Houwing-Duistermaat J, Kloppenburg M, Slagboom PE, Helmer Q, den Hollander W, Bean S, Raj T, Bakhshi N, Wang QP, Oyston LJ, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Montgomery GW, Turner ST, Blangero J, Meulenbelt I, Ressler KJ, Yang J, Franke L, Kettunen J, Visscher PM, Neely GG, Korstanje R, Hanson RL, Prokisch H, Ferrucci L, Esko T, Teumer A, van Meurs JB, Johnson AD | title = The transcriptional landscape of age in human peripheral blood | journal = Nature Communications | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | article-number = 8570 | date = 22 October 2015 | pmid = 26490707 | pmc = 4639797 | doi = 10.1038/ncomms9570 | bibcode = 2015NatCo...6.8570. }}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111105213958/http://www.nia.nih.gov/NewsAndEvents/PressReleases/PR20020801Biomarkers.htm ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱡᱽ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱟᱭᱡᱚᱨᱤ] [[ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱤᱭᱩᱴ ᱚᱱ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱭᱳᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱥᱮᱱᱥ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]] fpg86crcte6pycpiokb505d2blxztln 0 36262 193077 2026-06-21T09:28:44Z शेखर सत्यार्थी 11157 ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱥᱴᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ 193077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book | name = ᱮᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ:<br />ᱫᱟ ᱨᱤᱡᱩᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱨᱮᱠᱛᱷᱨᱩᱡᱽ ᱫᱮᱴ ᱠᱩᱰ ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ ᱦᱤᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ ᱤᱱ ᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ | title_orig = | translator = | image = Ending Aging.jpg | image_size = 230px | caption = | author = [[ᱚᱵᱽᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ ᱜᱽᱨᱮ]] ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱨᱟᱭ | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ (United States) | language = ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ | series = | subject = [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ]] | genre = [[ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱦᱤᱭᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ]] | publisher = [[ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱᱥ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] | pub_date = {{start date and age|2007|9}} | media_type = ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ {{nobr|([[ᱦᱟᱨᱰᱠᱚᱵᱷᱚᱨ]]/[[ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨᱵᱮᱠ]])}}, ᱚᱰᱤᱭᱳᱵᱩᱠ | pages = ᱓᱘᱙/᱔᱔᱘ | isbn = 978-0-312-36706-0 | dewey = 612.6/8 22 | congress = QP85 .D348 2007 | oclc = 132583222 | preceded_by = | followed_by = }} '''''ᱮᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ: ᱫᱟ ᱨᱤᱡᱩᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱨᱮᱠᱛᱷᱨᱩᱡᱽ ᱫᱮᱴ ᱠᱩᱰ ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ ᱦᱤᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ ᱤᱱ ᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ''''' ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱚᱵᱽᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ ᱜᱽᱨᱮ, ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱶᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ''ᱮᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ'' ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ ᱜᱽᱨᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ "ᱥᱴᱨᱮᱴᱮᱡᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨᱰ ᱱᱮᱜᱽᱞᱤᱡᱤᱵᱚᱞ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱥᱮᱱᱥ" ("SENS") ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱤ ᱜᱽᱨᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱯᱟᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal |author=Carlos López-Otín |author2=Maria A. Blasco |author3=Linda Partridge |author4=Manuel Serrano |author5=Guido Kroemer |date=2013-06-06|title=The Hallmarks of Aging|journal=Cell|volume=153|issue=6|pages=1194–1217|doi=10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.039|pmc=3836174|pmid=23746838}}</ref> == ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == * ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱᱥ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ, ᱑-ᱞᱩ ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ ''(ᱦᱟᱨᱰᱠᱚᱵᱷᱚᱨ, ᱓᱘᱙ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ)'', ᱔ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ: {{ISBN|0-312-36706-6}} * ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱᱥ ᱜᱨᱤᱯᱷᱤᱱ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱟᱯᱷᱴᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱑-ᱞᱩ ᱨᱤᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴ ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ ''(ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨᱵᱮᱠ, ᱔᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ)'', ᱑᱔ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒૦᱐᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ: {{ISBN|0-312-36707-4}} == ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ == * ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ: ''[https://www.amazon.de/dp/3837613364/ Niemals alt!: So lässt sich das Altern umkehren. Fortschritte der Verjüngungsforschung]'', transcript Verlag, Bielefeld 2010 * ᱥᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥ: ''[[:es:El Fin del Envejecimiento|El Fin del Envejecimiento. Los avances que podrían revertir el envejecimiento humano durante nuestra vida]]'', Lola Books, Berlín 2013 * ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ: ''[https://www.amazon.it/dp/B01MTR5ECB/ La fine dell'invecchiamento: Come la scienza potrà esaudire il sogno dell'eterna giovinezza]'', D Editore, Roma 2016 * ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ: ''[https://www.amazon.com.br/dp/B07DHF84SL/ O fim do envelhecimento: Os avanços que poderiam reverter o envelhecimento humano durante nossa vida]'', NTZ, 2018 ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱱ-ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱨᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱮᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ "Отменить Старение" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ PDF ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://sciencevsaging.org/content/%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8-%D0%B8-%D0%B6%D1%83/%D0%B2 |title=Вышла книга "Отменить старение" ( Ending Aging). |language=ru |trans-title=The book "Отменить старение" was published. |website=sciencevsaging.org |access-date=2021-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807073426/http://sciencevsaging.org/content/%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8-%D0%B8-%D0%B6%D1%83/%D0%B2 |archive-date=2020-08-07 |url-status=live }}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ == {{Reflist}} === ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ === {{Refbegin|2}} * {{cite journal |last = Illes |first = Judy |title = Blurring our edges |journal = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume = 450 |issue = 7168 |pages = 351–352 |date = November 15, 2007 |doi = 10.1038/450351a |bibcode = 2007Natur.450..351I | doi-access = free }} * {{cite news |last = Garreau |first = Joel |author-link = Joel Garreau |title = The Invincible Man – Aubrey de Grey, 44 Going on 1,000, Wants Out of Old Age |newspaper =[[The Washington Post]] |date = October 31, 2007 |url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/30/AR2007103002222_pf.html |access-date = March 20, 2009 }} * {{cite news |last = Lythgoe |first = Dennis |title = Author portends perpetual youth |work = [[Deseret Morning News]] |date = September 16, 2007 |url = http://deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,695210061,00.html |access-date = March 20, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180053/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/695210061/Author-portends-perpetual-youth.html |archive-date=2016-03-03 }} * {{cite news |last = Kling |first = Arnold |author-link = Arnold Kling |title = Living Forever: Is It Possible? What Will Get Us There? |work = [[TCS Daily]] |date = September 19, 2007 |url = http://www.tcsdaily.com/article.aspx?id=091207G |access-date = March 20, 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071014230939/http://www.tcsdaily.com/article.aspx?id=091207G |archive-date = October 14, 2007 }} * {{cite news |last = Boutin |first = Paul |author-link = Paul Boutin (journalist) |title = Battling Time's Ravages – A maverick biotech researcher's goal: perpetual youth |work = [[The Wall Street Journal]] |date = September 8, 2007 |page = P8 |url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB118919946556720937?mod=googlenews_wsj |access-date = March 20, 2009 }} * {{cite news |last = Critser |first = Greg |author-link = Greg Critser |title = The man who will help you live for 1,000 years – Want to live for a millennium? It could be achieved with cellular technology, says Dr Aubrey de Grey |work = [[The Times]] |date = September 7, 2007 |url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/health/features/article2400692.ece |access-date = March 20, 2009 | location=London }}{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * {{cite news |last = Klein |first = Julia M. |title = Forever Young |work = Obit Magazine |date = January 25, 2008 |url = http://www.obit-mag.com/viewmedia.php/prmMID/270 |access-date = March 20, 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081210070630/http://www.obit-mag.com/viewmedia.php/prmMID/270 |archive-date = December 10, 2008 }} * {{cite news |last = Garreau |first = Joel |author-link = Joel Garreau |title = Can aging be cured? |work = The Journal Times |date = December 19, 2007 |url = http://www.journaltimes.com/articles/2007/12/20/life/doc47695d8bbe3de631177336.txt |access-date = March 20, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715034632/http://journaltimes.com/lifestyles/can-aging-be-cured/article_6e235696-62d4-5c1b-b6ed-43e51500ff2b.html |archive-date=2017-07-15 }} {{Refend}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱱᱚᱱ-ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱦᱤᱭᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] 0yewhrynu043p4bcbc7ut6kiggiva1u 193078 193077 2026-06-21T09:29:47Z शेखर सत्यार्थी 11157 193078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book | name = ᱮᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ:<br />ᱫᱟ ᱨᱤᱡᱩᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱨᱮᱠᱛᱷᱨᱩᱡᱽ ᱫᱮᱴ ᱠᱩᱰ ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ ᱦᱤᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ ᱤᱱ ᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ | title_orig = | translator = | image = Ending Aging.jpg | image_size = 230px | caption = | author = [[ᱚᱵᱽᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ ᱜᱽᱨᱮ]] ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱨᱟᱭ | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ (United States) | language = ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ | series = | subject = [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ]] | genre = [[ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱦᱤᱭᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ]] | publisher = [[ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱᱥ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] | pub_date = ᱒00᱗ | media_type = ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ {{nobr|([[ᱦᱟᱨᱰᱠᱚᱵᱷᱚᱨ]]/[[ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨᱵᱮᱠ]])}}, ᱚᱰᱤᱭᱳᱵᱩᱠ | pages = ᱓᱘᱙/᱔᱔᱘ | isbn = 978-0-312-36706-0 | dewey = 612.6/8 22 | congress = QP85 .D348 2007 | oclc = 132583222 | preceded_by = | followed_by = }} '''''ᱮᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ: ᱫᱟ ᱨᱤᱡᱩᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱨᱮᱠᱛᱷᱨᱩᱡᱽ ᱫᱮᱴ ᱠᱩᱰ ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ ᱦᱤᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ ᱤᱱ ᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ''''' ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱚᱵᱽᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ ᱜᱽᱨᱮ, ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱶᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ''ᱮᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱡᱤᱝ'' ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ ᱜᱽᱨᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ "ᱥᱴᱨᱮᱴᱮᱡᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨᱰ ᱱᱮᱜᱽᱞᱤᱡᱤᱵᱚᱞ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱥᱮᱱᱥ" ("SENS") ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱤ ᱜᱽᱨᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱯᱟᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal |author=Carlos López-Otín |author2=Maria A. Blasco |author3=Linda Partridge |author4=Manuel Serrano |author5=Guido Kroemer |date=2013-06-06|title=The Hallmarks of Aging|journal=Cell|volume=153|issue=6|pages=1194–1217|doi=10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.039|pmc=3836174|pmid=23746838}}</ref> == ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == * ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱᱥ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ, ᱑-ᱞᱩ ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ ''(ᱦᱟᱨᱰᱠᱚᱵᱷᱚᱨ, ᱓᱘᱙ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ)'', ᱔ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ: {{ISBN|0-312-36706-6}} * ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱᱥ ᱜᱨᱤᱯᱷᱤᱱ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱟᱯᱷᱴᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱑-ᱞᱩ ᱨᱤᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴ ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ ''(ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨᱵᱮᱠ, ᱔᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ)'', ᱑᱔ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒૦᱐᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ: {{ISBN|0-312-36707-4}} == ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ == * ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ: ''[https://www.amazon.de/dp/3837613364/ Niemals alt!: So lässt sich das Altern umkehren. Fortschritte der Verjüngungsforschung]'', transcript Verlag, Bielefeld 2010 * ᱥᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥ: ''[[:es:El Fin del Envejecimiento|El Fin del Envejecimiento. Los avances que podrían revertir el envejecimiento humano durante nuestra vida]]'', Lola Books, Berlín 2013 * ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ: ''[https://www.amazon.it/dp/B01MTR5ECB/ La fine dell'invecchiamento: Come la scienza potrà esaudire il sogno dell'eterna giovinezza]'', D Editore, Roma 2016 * ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ: ''[https://www.amazon.com.br/dp/B07DHF84SL/ O fim do envelhecimento: Os avanços que poderiam reverter o envelhecimento humano durante nossa vida]'', NTZ, 2018 ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱱ-ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱨᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱮᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ "Отменить Старение" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ PDF ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://sciencevsaging.org/content/%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8-%D0%B8-%D0%B6%D1%83/%D0%B2 |title=Вышла книга "Отменить старение" ( Ending Aging). |language=ru |trans-title=The book "Отменить старение" was published. |website=sciencevsaging.org |access-date=2021-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807073426/http://sciencevsaging.org/content/%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8-%D0%B8-%D0%B6%D1%83/%D0%B2 |archive-date=2020-08-07 |url-status=live }}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ == {{Reflist}} === ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ === {{Refbegin|2}} * {{cite journal |last = Illes |first = Judy |title = Blurring our edges |journal = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume = 450 |issue = 7168 |pages = 351–352 |date = November 15, 2007 |doi = 10.1038/450351a |bibcode = 2007Natur.450..351I | doi-access = free }} * {{cite news |last = Garreau |first = Joel |author-link = Joel Garreau |title = The Invincible Man – Aubrey de Grey, 44 Going on 1,000, Wants Out of Old Age |newspaper =[[The Washington Post]] |date = October 31, 2007 |url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/30/AR2007103002222_pf.html |access-date = March 20, 2009 }} * {{cite news |last = Lythgoe |first = Dennis |title = Author portends perpetual youth |work = [[Deseret Morning News]] |date = September 16, 2007 |url = http://deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,695210061,00.html |access-date = March 20, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180053/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/695210061/Author-portends-perpetual-youth.html |archive-date=2016-03-03 }} * {{cite news |last = Kling |first = Arnold |author-link = Arnold Kling |title = Living Forever: Is It Possible? What Will Get Us There? |work = [[TCS Daily]] |date = September 19, 2007 |url = http://www.tcsdaily.com/article.aspx?id=091207G |access-date = March 20, 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071014230939/http://www.tcsdaily.com/article.aspx?id=091207G |archive-date = October 14, 2007 }} * {{cite news |last = Boutin |first = Paul |author-link = Paul Boutin (journalist) |title = Battling Time's Ravages – A maverick biotech researcher's goal: perpetual youth |work = [[The Wall Street Journal]] |date = September 8, 2007 |page = P8 |url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB118919946556720937?mod=googlenews_wsj |access-date = March 20, 2009 }} * {{cite news |last = Critser |first = Greg |author-link = Greg Critser |title = The man who will help you live for 1,000 years – Want to live for a millennium? It could be achieved with cellular technology, says Dr Aubrey de Grey |work = [[The Times]] |date = September 7, 2007 |url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/health/features/article2400692.ece |access-date = March 20, 2009 | location=London }}{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * {{cite news |last = Klein |first = Julia M. |title = Forever Young |work = Obit Magazine |date = January 25, 2008 |url = http://www.obit-mag.com/viewmedia.php/prmMID/270 |access-date = March 20, 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081210070630/http://www.obit-mag.com/viewmedia.php/prmMID/270 |archive-date = December 10, 2008 }} * {{cite news |last = Garreau |first = Joel |author-link = Joel Garreau |title = Can aging be cured? |work = The Journal Times |date = December 19, 2007 |url = http://www.journaltimes.com/articles/2007/12/20/life/doc47695d8bbe3de631177336.txt |access-date = March 20, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715034632/http://journaltimes.com/lifestyles/can-aging-be-cured/article_6e235696-62d4-5c1b-b6ed-43e51500ff2b.html |archive-date=2017-07-15 }} {{Refend}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱡᱮᱨᱮᱱᱴᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱱᱚᱱ-ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱦᱤᱭᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]] 5spc6vuumeoghqbf8a5al5ma14rucql 0 36263 193079 2026-06-21T09:36:14Z शेखर सत्यार्थी 11157 ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱥᱴᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ 193079 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Soft Total Artificial Heart.jpg|thumb|[[ETH Zurich]] ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱴ [[ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ]]]] '''ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ''' (Organ printing) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ [[3D ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱞᱟᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ 3D ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/soon-doctor-print-human-organ-on-demand-180954951/|title=Soon, Your Doctor Could Print a Human Organ on Demand |date=May 2015|last=Shaer|first=Matthew|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en|access-date=2020-04-02}}</ref> ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱴᱤᱵᱚᱞ ᱯᱞᱟᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":02" /> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱴᱤᱵᱚᱞ ᱯᱞᱟᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱠᱟᱯᱷᱚᱞᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name=":02" /> ᱯᱞᱟᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name=":02" /> ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱠᱩᱵᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=":02" /> ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name=":02" /> [[File:Observing bioprinting.jpg|thumb|ᱢᱤᱫ CELLINK 3D ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=":02" /> ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ,<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|last=Salzman|first=Sony|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/3d-printed-hearts-beating-tissue-could-ease-organ-donor-shortage-ncna1057591|title=3D-printed hears with 'beating' tissue could ease donor shortage|date=September 23, 2019|work=NBC News|access-date=1 April 2020}}</ref> ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱥᱩᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ,<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|last=Ventola|first=C. Lee|date=October 2014|title=Medical Applications for 3D Printing: Current and Projected Uses|journal=Pharmacy and Therapeutics|volume=39|issue=10|pages=704–711|issn=1052-1372|pmc=4189697|pmid=25336867}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|last=Weintraub|first=Karen|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/27/science/off-the-3-d-printer-practice-parts-for-the-surgeon.html|title=Off the 3-D Printer, Practice Parts for the Surgeon|date=2015-01-26|work=The New York Times|access-date=2020-04-02|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱞᱤᱛᱷᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 3D ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":522">{{Cite web|title=How 3-D Bioprinting Works|url=https://health.howstuffworks.com/medicine/modern-technology/3-d-bioprinting.htm|date=2013-12-17|website=HowStuffWorks|language=en|access-date=2020-04-02}}</ref> 3D ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":17">{{Cite web|title=Changing the future of medicine with 3D Bioprinting |url=https://kemasanpack.com/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111101053/https://kemasanpack.com/|archive-date=January 11, 2024|website=Biogelx |access-date=2020-04-22}}</ref> 3D ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱚᱠᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name=":522" /> ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱱᱳᱠᱚᱢᱯᱚᱡᱤᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 3D ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ 3D ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name=":17" /> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ 3D ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name=":522" /> ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ 3D ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱢᱮᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name=":522" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:3D ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ]] cb5r9zjhjw4ptewo93nl4lho145m0an 0 36264 193080 2026-06-21T11:49:33Z MT731 2184 "{{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱞᱟᱱ}} {{Infobox power station | name = ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱟᱞᱴᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ (ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ) | name_official = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map_size = | location_map_caption= | coord..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 193080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱞᱟᱱ}} {{Infobox power station | name = ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱟᱞᱴᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ (ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ) | name_official = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map_size = | location_map_caption= | coordinates = {{coord|22|49|20|N|69|31|56|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_ref = | country = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | location = ᱴᱩᱸᱰᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ [[ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ]] ᱨᱮ, [[ᱠᱟᱪᱪᱷ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] | status = O | construction_began = ᱒᱐᱐᱗ | commissioned = ᱒᱐᱑᱒-᱒᱐᱑᱓ | decommissioned = | cost = | owner = [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] | operator = ᱠᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ | th_fuel_primary = ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱵᱤᱴᱩᱢᱤᱱᱚᱥ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ | th_fuel_tertiary = | ps_units_operational= ᱕ × ᱘᱐᱐&nbsp;ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ | ps_units_manu_model = ᱴᱳᱥᱤᱵᱟ, ᱰᱩᱥᱟᱱ | th_cogeneration = | th_combined_cycle = | ps_electrical_capacity= ᱔,᱐᱐᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ | ps_electrical_cap_fac= | website = | extra = }} '''ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱟᱞᱴᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ''' ᱥᱮ '''ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱭᱩᱮᱢᱯᱤᱯᱤ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱪᱪᱷ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱩᱸᱰᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱵᱤᱴᱩᱢᱤᱱᱚᱥ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱱᱰᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱪᱪᱷ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱞᱯᱷ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱚᱞ ᱜᱩᱡᱟᱨᱟᱴ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ (ᱥᱤᱡᱤᱯᱤᱮᱞ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱑᱐ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tata Power">{{cite web|title=Coastal Gujarat Power Ltd (CGPL)|url=https://www.tatapower.com/aboutus/coastal-gujarat-power-ltd.aspx|accessdate=9 January 2012|website=Tata Power}}</ref> ==ᱫᱟᱲᱮ== ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱔,᱐᱐᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱕ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱘᱐᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! ᱥᱴᱮᱡᱽ !! ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱮᱞ !! ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱞᱰ ᱠᱮᱯᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ (ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) !! ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ |- | ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ || ᱑᱐ || ᱘᱐᱐ || ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱑᱒<ref>{{cite news|work=Business Standard|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/tata-power-commissions-mundra-umpps-first-800-mw-unit/159920/on |title=Tata Power commissions Mundra UMPP's first 800 MW unit |date=2012-03-09 |accessdate=2013-01-09|agency=Press Trust of India }}</ref> |- | ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ || ᱒᱐ || ᱘᱐᱐ || ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱒<ref>{{cite web|author=Shankar Subramaniam |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/article3657443.ece |title=Business Line : Companies News : Tata Power's Mundra plant Unit II becomes operational |work=Business Line |accessdate=2013-01-09}}</ref> |- | ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ || ᱓᱐ || ᱘᱐᱐ || ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱒<ref name="moneycontrol1">{{cite web|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/tata-power-synchronises-third-800-mw-unit-at-mundra-umpp_766254.html |title=Tata Power synchronises third 800 MW unit at Mundra UMPP - PTI |date=8 October 2012 |publisher=Moneycontrol.com |accessdate=2013-01-09}}</ref> |- | ᱯᱩᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ || ᱔᱐ || ᱘᱐᱐ || ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱓<ref>{{cite news|work=Business Standard|url=http://business-standard.com/india/news/tata-power-synchronises-unit-4mundra-umpp/201782/on |title=Tata Power synchronises unit 4 of Mundra UMPP |date=7 January 2013 |accessdate=2013-01-09|last1=Vora |first1=Rutam }}</ref> |- | ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ || ᱕᱐ || ᱘᱐᱐ || ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱑᱓<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/tata-power-commissions-mundra-umpp-5th-unit/article4546948.ece|title=Tata Power commissions Mundra UMPP 5th unit|date=25 March 2013 }}</ref> |- |'''ᱜᱩᱴ'''|| ᱢᱚᱬᱮ || '''᱔᱐᱐᱐''' || |} ==ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ== ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱵᱚᱭᱞᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱭᱩᱮᱢᱯᱤᱯᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑.᱗ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱣᱟᱱᱴᱚᱢ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮ ᱩᱰᱩᱠᱟᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name="moneycontrol1"/> ᱵᱚᱭᱞᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱰᱩᱥᱟᱱ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱳᱥᱤᱵᱟ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ== ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱔,᱐᱐᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱠᱮᱯᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱥᱚᱦᱢᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|agency=Press Trust of India|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-10-07/news/34306316_1_mundra-umpp-mundra-project-mw-unit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305023916/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-10-07/news/34306316_1_mundra-umpp-mundra-project-mw-unit |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 March 2016 |title=Tata Power sees Rs 3,000 crore equity erosion in Mundra UMPP project: Sources - Economic Times |work=The Economic Times |date=2012-10-07 |accessdate=2013-01-09}}</ref> {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ !! ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱮᱠᱴᱮᱰ ᱠᱮᱯᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ (ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) |- | [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] || ᱑,᱘᱐᱕ |- | [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]] || ᱗᱖᱐ |- | [[ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ|ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ]] || ᱔᱗᱕ |- | [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]] || ᱓᱘᱐ |- | [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ]] || ᱓᱘᱐ |- | ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱮ || ᱒᱐᱐ |- |'''ᱜᱩᱴ''' || '''᱔᱐᱐᱐''' |} ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ - ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱭᱩᱛ ᱵᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ, ᱡᱚᱫᱷᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱭᱩᱛ ᱵᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱽᱢᱮᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱭᱩᱛ ᱵᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ - ᱯᱮᱭᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱥᱩᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱥᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱩᱨᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱥᱩᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱵᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱟᱠᱨᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱠᱚᱞᱯ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news|work=Business Standard|url=http://business-standard.com/india/news/rajasthan-break-to-put-tata/s-mundra-power-in-open-market/497808/ |title=Rajasthan break to put Tata's Mundra power in open market |date=2013-01-05 |accessdate=2013-01-09|last1=Kumar |first1=Abhineet }}</ref> ==ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱴᱮᱨᱤᱯᱷ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ== ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱴᱟᱨᱤᱯ ᱵᱤᱰᱤᱝ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱕% ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱠᱮᱞᱮᱵ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒.᱒᱖ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱰᱳᱱᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱳᱱᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱰᱩᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱟ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/news/mundra-braces-for-cerc-order/1008028/0 |title=Mundra braces for CERC order |work=The Financial Express |date=26 September 2012 |accessdate=2013-01-09}}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱨᱟ UMGPP (ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱰᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱔᱖᱒᱐ ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱓᱘᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|author=DNA India |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/money/report_on-mundra-umpp-great-confusion-no-clear-solution_1709713 |title=On Mundra UMPP, great confusion, no clear solution - Money - DNA |work=Daily News and Analysis|date=2012-07-03 |accessdate=2013-01-09}}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱜᱽᱞᱮᱴᱚᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱴᱟᱨᱤᱯ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱟᱦᱟᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|work=The Financial Express|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/mundra-umpp-has-eroded-tata-powers-net-worth-by-rs-3800-crore-in-three-years-anil-sardana/229316/ |title=Mundra UMPP has eroded Tata Power's net worth by Rs 3,800 crore in three years: Anil Sardana |date=2016-03-25 |accessdate=2016-12-10}}</ref> ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] kp3co63tbu6u6qcb56btbq2k0lbpv8v