Wikipedia scowiki https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.7 first-letter Media Special Collogue Uiser Uiser collogue Wikipedia Wikipedia collogue File File collogue MediaWiki MediaWiki collogue Template Template collogue Help Help collogue Category Category collogue Portal Portal talk Define Define talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 15366 918144 832854 2026-06-18T10:11:43Z Cobra 3000 28371 Pit in unsoorced banner an stub tag 918144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Unsoorced}}{{Infobox settlement |name = Sariwon |native_name = 사리원 |official_name = 사리원시 |settlement_type= [[Leet o ceeties in North Korea|Municipal Ceety]] |translit_lang1=&nbsp; |translit_lang1_type=[[Chosŏn'gŭl]] |translit_lang1_info= 사리원시 |translit_lang1_type1=[[Hancha]] |translit_lang1_info1= {{linktext|沙|里|院|市|}} |translit_lang1_type2= [[McCune–Reischauer]] |translit_lang1_info2= Sariwŏn-si |translit_lang1_type3= [[Revised Romanization]] |translit_lang1_info3= Sariweon-si |translit_lang1_type4= |translit_lang1_info4= |translit_lang1_type5= |translit_lang1_info5= |image_skyline = Sariwon (5063726588).jpg |image_caption = |image_map = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |map_caption1 = |image_flag = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |seal_link = |image_shield = |coordinates = {{coord|38.50778|125.75444|region:KP|display=inline}} |pushpin_map = North Korea <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|North Korea}} |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = [[North Hwanghae Province]] |established_title = |established_date = |parts_type = |parts = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |elevation_m = |population_demonym = |population_as_of = |population_footnotes = |population_total = est. 310,100 |population_note = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_metro = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title = |population_blank2 = |demographics_type1 = |demographics1_footnotes = |demographics1_title1 = |demographics1_info1 = |demographics1_title2 = |demographics1_info2 = |demographics1_title3 = |demographics1_info3 = |demographics1_title4 = |demographics1_info4 = |demographics1_title5 = |demographics1_info5 = |demographics_type2 = |demographics2_footnotes = |demographics2_title1 = |demographics2_info1 = |demographics2_title2 = |demographics2_info2 = |demographics2_title3 = |demographics2_info3 = |demographics2_title4 = |demographics2_info4 = |demographics2_title5 = |demographics2_info5 = |timezone = [[Korea Staundart Time]] |utc_offset = +9 |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Sariwŏn''' is the caipital o [[Hwanghaebuk-do]], [[North Korea]]. The ceety's population is reportit tae be 310,100 fowk. Sariwon haes the anerlie pediatric hospital in the entire region; it serves 16 destricts an 500,000 children an teens annually. Sariwon an aa haes a Potassic/Potash Fertilizer Complex, a tractor factory, University o Agricultur, University o Geology, University o Medicine, University o Education no. 1 an, University o Education no 2. It is an aa the hame o the Sariwon Pharmaceutical College o Koryo. ==Gallery== <gallery> File:North Korea-Sariwon Migok Farm-01.jpg File:North Korea-Sariwon Migok Farm-02.jpg </gallery> ==Twin touns== * [[Image:Flag of Pakistan.svg|20px]] [[Lahore]] ([[Pakistan]]) * [[Image:Flag of Hungary.svg|20px]] [[Székesfehérvár]] ([[Hungary]]) == Freemit airtins == * [http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/dprk/sariwon.htm Information about the potassic/potash fertilizer complex] * [http://www.travelpost.com/AS/North_Korea/Hwanghae-bukto/Sariwon/7156235 Basic statistics aboot Sariwon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051203235130/http://www.travelpost.com/AS/North_Korea/Hwanghae-bukto/Sariwon/7156235 |date=2005-12-03 }} * [http://www.interaction.org/newswire/detail.php?id=1628 News aboot Sariwon's pediatric hospital] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060628150138/http://interaction.org/newswire/detail.php?id=1628 |date=2006-06-28 }} {{Stub}}{{Metropolitan ceeties o North Korea}} {{commonscat|Sariwon}} {{coord|38|30|23|N|125|45|35|E|display=title|region:KP_type:city(154942)_source:dewiki}} [[Category:Ceeties in North Hwanghae Province]] 24va4342sluhfrfdu0asuneple6xq90 0 53335 918138 918042 2026-06-18T04:09:33Z CommonsDelinker 411 Removin' "Skyline_of_Sanchong,_New_Taipei_2024.jpg", it haes bin deletit frum Commons by [[commons:User:Krd|Krd]] coz: No permission since 10 June 2026. 918138 wikitext text/x-wiki This is a leet o the maist populous ceeties in the warld defined accordin tae a concept o [[ceety proper]] (an urban locality wioot its suburbs). A ceety proper is a locality defined accordin tae legal or poleetical boundaries an an admeenistratively recognised urban status that is uisually characterized bi some fairm o local govrenment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://esa.un.org/unup/index.asp?panel=6 |title=World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database |publisher=Esa.un.org |date= |accessdate=2010-07-26 |archive-date=2010-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822053414/http://esa.un.org/unup/index.asp?panel=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/densurb/densurbanNotes.htm |title=United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics |publisher=Millenniumindicators.un.org |date= |accessdate=2010-07-26 |archive-date=2011-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623192351/http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/densurb/densurbanNotes.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Demographic Yearbook 2005, Volume 57 |year=2008 |publisher=United Nations |isbn=92-1-051099-2 |page=756 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=OwfGJtkpCbwC&pg=PA241&lpg=PA241& |accessdate=2010-07-19 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> "Warld Urbanization Prospects", a [[Unitit Naitions]] publication, defines the population o a ceety proper as "the population livin within the admeenistrative boundaries o a ceety."<ref name=wup1>{{cite book |title=World Urbanization Prospects: The 2003 Revision |year=2004 |publisher=United Nations |isbn=92-1-151396-0 <!-- This is the correct ISBN. The number on the copyright page of the book is invalid. --> |page=105 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=oxOAckK2stYC&pg=PA105 |accessdate=2010-07-19 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The beuk continues tae say that "ceety proper as defined bi admeenistrative boundaries mey nae include suburban auries whur an important proportion o the population wirkin or studyin in the ceety lives." The term [[ceety]] can tak on mony meanins in different pairts o the warld. For the purposes o this leet, the definition o a ceety as a primarily urban locality is uised. This leet enumerates the populations o some o the warld's lairgest ceeties, the boundaries o which mey or mey nae correspond tae those o [[municipality|municipalities]]. The populations leetit are for the admeenistratively defined ceety an nae for the [[urban aurie]] nor the [[metropolitan aurie]]. Statistical definitions for each ceety, approximate surface aurie, an [[population density]] are an aa indicatit. ==Ceeties proper bi population== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- !Rank !Ceety !Image !Population !Defineetion !Aurie (km²) !Population density (/km²) !Kintra |- |1 | [[Shanghai]] | [[File:Shanghai - Pudong - Lujiazui.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|24,150,000}}<ref>[http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2014-02/27/content_17311272.htm Shanghai's permanent population exceeds 24 million]</ref> | [[Leet o admeenistrative diveesions o Shanghai|Direct-controlled Municipality]]<ref>{{cite web|title=CHINA: Administrative Division of Shanghai (上海市)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-township-shanghai-admin.php|publisher=CityPopulation.De|accessdate=11 March 2014}}</ref><ref>The ceety proper based on the destricts o Huangpu, Xuhui, Changning, Jing'an, Putuo, Zhabei, Hongkou an Yangpu considered "core destricts"-the aulder pairt (Puxi) + Inner suburbs (destricts): Jiading, Baoshan, Minhang an Pudong New Aurie.</ref> | {{nts|6340.5}} | {{nts|3800}} | {{CHN}} |- |2 | [[Beijing]] | [[File:View of Beijing.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|21,150,000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bjstats.gov.cn/xwgb/tjgb/ndgb/201302/t20130207_243837.htm|title=北京市2012年国民经济和社会发展统计公报|date=2013-02-07|accessdate=2013-02-18|publisher=Beijing Statistics Bureau|archive-date=2013-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003092900/http://www.bjstats.gov.cn/xwgb/tjgb/ndgb/201302/t20130207_243837.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Leet o admeenistrative diveesions o Beijing|Direct-controlled Municipality]]<ref>Beijing is ane o the fower direct-controlled municipalities o Fowkrepublic o Cheenae, an is dividit intae 14 destricts an 2 coonties. The ceety proper based on the destricts o Dongcheng an Xicheng considered "core destricts" - the aulder pairt + Inner suburbs (destricts): Chaoyang, Haidian, Fengtai an Shijingshan.</ref> | {{nts|16410.54}} | {{nts|1288}} | {{CHN}} |- |3 | [[Karachi]] | | {{nts|21142625}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Pakistan: Karachi City|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Pakistan-Karachi.html|publisher=citypopulation.de - Archive|accessdate=8 May 2014}}</ref>{{full|date=March 2014}} | [[Leet o Union Councils o Karachi|Ceety Destrict Govrenment]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kmc.gos.pk/Contents.aspx?id=94|title=Town/District Maps|publisher=Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC)|access-date=2014-06-03|archive-date=2014-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209055206/http://kmc.gos.pk/Contents.aspx?id=94|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|3527}} | {{nts|5994}} | {{PAK}} |- |4 | [[Lagos]] | | {{nts|16,060,307}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Local Government Lagos - Population (2006)|url=http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pagelinks.php?p=6|publisher=Lagos Bureau of Statistics|accessdate=13 March 2014|archive-date=2015-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018094514/http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pagelinks.php?p=6|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://www.nigerianmuse.com/20070207234037zg/sections/important-documents/document-errors-miscalculations-omissions-in-lagos-census-figures/ Nigerian Muse: "Errors, Miscalculations, Omissions in Lagos Census Figures" Table 7]</ref> | [[Lagos State|Local Govrenment Areas (LGAs)]]<ref>{{cite web|title=NIGERIA: Metro Lagos|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-metrolagos.php|publisher=CityPopulation.De|accessdate=13 March 2014}}</ref><ref>The Lagos State is made up o 20 destricts (3568 square kilometers). The Metropolitan Lagos (Ceety proper) is made up o 16 destricts: Agege; Ajeromi-Ifelodun; Alimosho; Amuwo-Odofin; Apapa; Eti-Osa; Ifako-Ijaye; Ikeja; Kosofe; Lagos Island; Lagos Mainland; Mushin; Ojo; Oshodi-Isolo; Shomolu; Surulere (1171 square kilometres).</ref> | {{nts|999.58}}<ref>The surface o the Metropolitan Lagos is 1171 square kilometres, but 171 square kilometres is watter (lagoon).</ref> | {{nts|16067}} | {{NGR}} |- |5 | [[Istanbul]] | [[File:Istanbul Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge IMG 7249 1725.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|14,160,467}}<ref name="Population of Turkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/HbGetirHTML.do?id=15974|publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]]|title=The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2013|date=31 December 2013|accessdate=29 January 2014|archive-date=2018-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226013102/http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/jsp/hata/body/hata.jsp;jsessionid=HGjjcvZFPzJRWLtt5XnWKh0zTzfWZ1F78DYr0jTsygZWkPpWNxSX!-604987181|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Leet o destricts o Istanbul|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>The ceety, considered caipital o Istanbul Province, is admeenistered bi the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM), which owersees the thirty-nine destricts o the ceety-province (thirty-sax urban destricts an three rural destricts).</ref> | {{nts|2189.79}}<ref>Accordin tae the new Metropolitan Municipal Law (No.5216/2004-5), Jurisdiction o Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM), the ceety aurie is 5343.02 square kilometers. Destricts: Çatalca, Silivri an Şile (tot aurie 3153.23 square kilometers) are almaist entirely rural.</ref> | {{nts|6467}} | {{TUR}} |- |6 | [[Guangzhou]] | [[File:Pearl River Night Cruise.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|12700800}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gzstats.gov.cn/tjgb/glpcgb/201105/t20110517_25227.htm|title=广州市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报|publisher=China National Census|accessdate=9 May 2014|archive-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225115149/http://www.gzstats.gov.cn/gzstats/error404.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Leet o admeenistrative diveesions o Guangzhou|Sub-Provincial Ceety]]<ref>Guangzhou Ceety is a sub-provincial ceety an it is dividit intae 10 destricts an 2 Coonty-level ceeties. Guangzhou is further dividit intae 131 Subdestricts an 38 Touns. The ceety proper (destricts): Yuexiu, Liwan, Haizhu, Tianhe, Baiyun, Huangpu, Panyu, Huadu an Industrial Destricts - Nansha, Luogang.</ref> | {{nts|3843.43}} | {{nts|3305}} | {{CHN}} |- |7 | [[Mumbai]] | [[File:Mumbai 03-2016 10 skyline of Lotus Colony.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|12478447}}<ref name="india1">{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|publisher=Census of India|title=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011|accessdate=2011-10-18}}</ref> | [[Admeenistrative divisions o Mumbai|Municipal Corporation]]<ref>Mumbai Ceety consists o twa distinct regions: Mumbai Ceety destrict (Island Ceety) an Mumbai Suburban destrict (Wastren Suburban an Eastren Suburban), grouped intae 24 wards, unner the admeenistration o Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC). The remainin aurie belangs tae Defence, Mumbai Port Trust, Atomic Energy Commission an Borivali Naitional Pairk, which are oot o the jurisdiction o the BMC.</ref> | {{nts|603.4}} | {{nts|20680}} | {{IND}} |- |8 | [[Moscow]] | [[File:Москва-Сити 10 ноября 2013.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|12111194}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/PrPopul.xls|title=RUSSIA: Moscow|publisher=mos.ru|accessdate=2014|archive-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225132215/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/PrPopul.xls%0A|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Admeenistrative diveesions o Moscow|Federal Ceety]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mos.ru/en/authority/structure/|title=Территориальное устройство|publisher=Moscow City Government|access-date=2014-06-03|archive-date=2013-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130108044822/http://mos.ru/en/authority/structure/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>The federal ceety o Moscow is dividit intae twelve admeenistrative okrugs, which are in turn subdividit intae destricts (raions).</ref> | {{nts|2510.12}}<ref name="RusArea2009">{{Cite web |url=http://www.rosreestr.ru/upload/www/files/gos_doclad_2008.pdf |title=Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. Federal Registration, Cadastre&Cartograhy Service. Russia Landuse National Report 2008, p.187-188 ('''in Russian''') |access-date=2013-06-29 |archive-date=2014-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010021939/https://rosreestr.ru/upload/www/files/gos_doclad_2008.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{nts|4825}} | {{RUS}} |- |9 | [[São Paulo]] | [[File:Radial Leste.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|11821873}}<ref name="brazil1">{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Estimativas_de_Populacao/Estimativas_2013/estimativa_2013_dou.pdf|title=ESTIMATIVAS DA POPULAÇÃO RESIDENTE NOS MUNICÍPIOS BRASILEIROS COM DATA DE REFERÊNCIA EM 1º DE JULHO DE 2013|publisher=[[Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística|IBGE]]|language=Portuguese|accessdate=31 August 2013}}</ref> | [[Subdiveesions o São Paulo|Municipality Ceety]]<ref>Administratively, the Municipality o São Paulo is dividit intae 31 subprefecturs, each in turn dividit intae 96 destricts. Locally, deestricts mey contain ane or mair neighborhoods (bairros). The ceety o São Paulo recognizes ten geographical auries uised tae reference locations in the ceety.</ref> | {{nts|1521.11}}<ref name="IBGE">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/geociencias/areaterritorial/area.php?nome=Rio+de+Janeiro |title=Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2013) |access-date=2012-10-10 |archive-date=2012-10-10 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6BIdrjSEI?url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/geociencias/areaterritorial/area.php?nome=Rio+de+Janeiro |url-status=live }}</ref> | {{nts|7772}} | {{BRA}} |- |10 | [[Delhi]] | [[File:Skyscrapers connaught place New Delhi.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|11007835}}<ref name="india1" /> | [[Leet o destricts o Delhi|Naitional Caipital Region]]<ref>The Naitional Caipital Territory o Delhi (NCR) is dividit intae eleven revenue destricts, but anly 30% - Ceety proper (urban).</ref> | {{nts|431.09}} | {{nts|25535}} | {{IND}} |- |11 | [[Shenzhen]] | [[File:Shenzhen night street.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|10467400}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2012/szcn/3-1_1ch.htm|title=Shenzhen Statistics|publisher=Shenzhen Government Online|accessdate=2011|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303202329/http://www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2012/szcn/3-1_1ch.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Shenzhen#Admeenistrative diveesions|Sub-Provincial Ceety]] | {{nts|1991.64}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.sz.gov.cn/gi/|title=Shenzhen General Info|publisher=Shenzhen Government Online|accessdate=2011|archive-date=2017-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525115028/http://english.sz.gov.cn/gi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|5255}} | {{CHN}} |- |12 | [[Seoul]] | | {{nts|10388055}}<ref name="seoul2">{{cite web|url=http://stat.seoul.go.kr/Seoul_System5.jsp?stc_cd=418|title=Seoul Statistics (Population)(2013)|publisher=Seoul Metropolitan Government|accessdate=3 March 2014|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220844/http://stat.seoul.go.kr/Seoul_System5.jsp?stc_cd=418|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Leet o destricts o Seoul|Special Ceety]] | {{nts|605.21}}<ref name="seoul1">{{cite web|url=http://stat.seoul.go.kr/Seoul_System5.jsp?stc_cd=418|title=Seoul Statistics (Land Area)|publisher=Seoul Metropolitan Government|accessdate=2012|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220844/http://stat.seoul.go.kr/Seoul_System5.jsp?stc_cd=418|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|17164}} | {{KOR}} |- |13 | [[Jakarta]] | [[File:Jakarta Car Free Day.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|9988329}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dki.kependudukancapil.go.id/index.php/statistik |title=Jumlah Penduduk Provinsi DKI Jakarta (2013) |work=Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Provinsi DKI Jakarta |accessdate=15 March 2014 |archive-date=2014-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326015559/http://dki.kependudukancapil.go.id/index.php/statistik |url-status=dead }}</ref> | [[Jakarta#Admeenistration|Caipital Region - Five Kota]]<ref>[http://www.citypopulation.de/php/indonesia-admin.php INDONESIA: Administrative Division]</ref> | {{nts|664.12}} | {{nts|15040}} | {{IDN}} |- |14 | [[Lima]] | [[File:Lima Plaza Mayor1 cropped.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|9751717}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/peru-limametro.php|title=PERU: Lima Metropolitan Area|publisher=CITY POPULATION.DE}}</ref><ref>[http://www.inei.gob.pe/= INEI] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018070956/https://www.inei.gob.pe/= |date=2021-10-18 }}(source)(2014)</ref> | [[Leet o destricts o Lima|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>The province o Lima is dividit intae fowerty three "destricts o Lima" which are admeenistered bi the Metropolitan Municipality o Lima. The ceety proper (urban aurie) o Lima is generally considered tae be formed bi thirty o these destricts. The remainin thirteen destricts consist o maistly rural an sparsely populatit desert an moontainous auries. The Metropolitan Municipality o Callao is dividit intae sax destricts.</ref> | {{nts|933.63}}<ref>The ceeties o Lima an Callao forms a single ceety "continues". Callao is juist a ceety "admeenistrative". Economically an geographically is a destrict o the Metropolitan Municipality o Lima.</ref> | {{nts|9489}} | {{PER}}| |- |15 | [[Kinshasa]] | [[File:Kinshasa-Gombe, from CCIC.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|9735000}}<ref name="demographia">{{cite web|title=Demographia World Urban Areas (2014)|url=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|publisher=Demographia|accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Evenements: "Avec une population de 9,5 millions, Kinshasa est la troisième plus grande ville sur le continent africain, de taille égale à Johannesburg. Le Kinois (habitants de Kinshasa) sont connus pour leur sens de l'humour, leur musique et leur amour pour la danse."(2013)|url=http://www.kinshasa.cd/|publisher=Ville de Kinshasa|access-date=2014-06-03|archive-date=2001-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011027044821/http://www.kinshasa.cd/|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{full|date=March 2014}} | [[Communes o Kinshasa|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>The province o Kinshasa is dividit intae twenty-fower destricts, admeenistered bi the Metropolitan Municipality o Kinshasa. But the destricts (communes) o Maluku an Nsele (N'Sele) are rural an nae pairt o the ceety proper. The ceety proper (urban area) o Kinshasa is generally considered tae be formed bi twenty-twa "communes".</ref> | {{nts|1117.62}}<ref>Accordin tae the Constitution o Democratic Republic o the Congo, the province o Kinshasa covers 9965.21 km². Maluku an N'Sele (tot area 8847.59 km²) are entirely rural, wi a very very law density.</ref> | {{nts|8710}} | {{COD}} |- |16 | [[Tianjin]] | [[File:天津南京路滨江道交口.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|9341844}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2011/04/29/006466166.shtml|title=天津市公报2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据|publisher=Enorth.com.cn|accessdate=29 April 2011}}</ref> | [[Leet o administrative diveesions o Tianjin|Direct-controlled Municipality]]<ref>Based on the destricts o Heping, Hexi, Hebei, Nankai, Hedong, Hongqiao, Jinnan, Dongli, Xiqing, Beichen an Binhai New Aurie, considered "core destricts". Stairtin frae November 2009, Binhai New Aurie wis consolidatit intae a district, an the umwhile subordinate destricts o Tanggu, Hangu an Dagang wur abolished. Binhai is pairt o the Bohai Economic Rim an is expectit tae acome anither asset tae regional development, follaein the rise o Shenzhen Special Economic Zone an Shanghai Pudong New Aurie. It is a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) o the PRC, meanin experimental reforms are takin place here.</ref> | {{nts|4037}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-township-tianjin-admin.php|title= CHINA: Administrative Division of Tianjin (天津市)}}</ref> | {{nts|2314}} | {{CHN}} |- |17 | [[Tokyo]] | [[File:Skyscrapers of Shinjuku 2009 January (revised).jpg|125px]] | {{nts|9071577}}<ref>{{cite web|title=「東京都の人口（推計）」の概要（平成26年2月1日現在） (2014)|url=http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/INET/CHOUSA/2014/02/60o2r100.htm|work=Tokyo Metropolitan Government (JPN)|accessdate=20 March 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053154/http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/INET/CHOUSA/2014/02/60o2r100.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Special wards o Tokyo|23 Special Wards (tokubetsu-ku)]] | {{nts|622.99}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Land Area by District|url=http://www.toukei.metro.tokyo.jp/tnenkan/2011/tn11q3e001.htm|work=Tokyo Metropolitan Government (ENG)|accessdate=20 March 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|14562}} | {{JPN}} |- |18 | [[Cairo]] | [[File:Kairo 001.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8922949}}<ref name="Capmas2013">{{cite web|url=http://www.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/Electronic%20Static%20Book2013/english/population/untitled1/pop.aspx|title=Estimated Population by Governorate|publisher=[[CAPMAS]]|accessdate=September 2013|archive-date=2013-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231000306/http://www.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/Electronic%20Static%20Book2013/english/population/untitled1/pop.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Cairo Governorate|Governorate]]<ref>In Aprile 2011, Prime Meenister Essam Sharaf abolished the Helwan Govrenorate an reincorporatit its territory intae the Cairo Govrenorate. The tot aurie o the govrenorate is 3085.1 square kilometers, the ceety aurie is 453 square kilometers, but the Egyptian govrenment considered the Cairo Govrenorate is that a whole ceety an aw statistics relate tae the "govrenorate".</ref> | {{nts|3085.1}}<ref>[http://www.citypopulation.de/php/egypt-cairo-admin.php EGYPT: Cairo]</ref> | {{nts|2892}} | {{EGY}} |- |19 | [[Dhaka]] | [[File:Dhaka-Bangladesh.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8906039}}<ref>{{cite web|title=BANGLADESH: Dhaka (Census 2011)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/bangladesh-admin.php|work=CityPopulation.De|accessdate=10 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Dhaka Ceety Corporation|Ceety Corporation]]<ref>Dhaka Ceety Corporation wis established as the Dhaka Municipality on August 1, 1864. The Awami League govrenment on 29 November 2011 dissolved the Dhaka Ceety Corporation bi the Local Govrenment (Ceety Corporation) Amendment Bill 2011 passed bi the Pairlament o Bangladesh efter bein placed in the Pairlament on November 23. The ceety corporation will be split intae twa corporations, North an Sooth. The municipal aurie o Dhaka ceety is unner the jurisdiction o the Dhaka Ceety Corporation (North - Sooth) an the municipal aurie is dividit intae 92 wards.</ref> | {{nts|302.92}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Dhaka Zila|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/bangladesh.aspx|work=GeoHive|accessdate=10 March 2014|archive-date=2014-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226131728/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/bangladesh.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>The Dhaka City Corporation (North-South) not included the cities: Keraniganj, Gāzipur, Sābhār, Rupganj, Narayanganj.</ref> | {{nts|29401}} | {{BAN}} |- |20 | [[Mexico Ceety]] | [[File:Ciudad.de.Mexico.City.Distrito.Federal.DF.Paseo.Reforma.Skyline.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8874724}}<ref>{{cite web|title=MEXICO: Mexico City (2014)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/mexico-mexicocity.php|work=CityPopulation.De|accessdate=15 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Mexico Ceety's boroughs|Federal Destrict]] | {{nts|1485.49}}<ref name="ConapoZM">[http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=133&Itemid=212 Consejo Nacional de Población, México; Delimitación de las zonas metropolitanas de México 2005] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101202063503/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=133&Itemid=212 |date=2010-12-02 }} Retrieved on 2010-11-26.</ref> | {{nts|5974}} | {{MEX}} |- |21 | [[Bangalore]] | [[File:UB City.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8425970}}<ref name=india1/> | [[Leet o destricts o Karnataka#Alphabetical leetin|Municipal Corporation]] | {{nts|709.5}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mapofbangalore.com/trip/|title=trip from Bangalore|accessdate=5 April 2014|archive-date=2016-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504021007/http://www.mapofbangalore.com/trip/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|11876}} | {{IND}} |- |22 | [[New York Ceety]] | [[File:LowerManhattanSept2013.png|125px]] | {{nts|8405837}}<ref name="United States">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk|title=Census Estimates (2013)|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=31 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Borough (New York Ceety)|Five Boroughs]]<ref>New York Ceety is componed o five boroughs: Manhattan, The Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, Staten Island</ref> | {{nts|783.84}} | {{nts|10724}} | {{USA}} |- |23 | [[Lunnon]] | [[File:Canary Wharf Skyline 2, London UK - Oct 2012.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8308369}}<ref name="2012 ONS Population">[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-england-and-wales/mid-2012/mid-2012-population-estimates-for-england-and-wales.html Annual Mid-year Population Estimates for England and Wales, 2012] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001024944/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-england-and-wales/mid-2012/mid-2012-population-estimates-for-england-and-wales.html |date=2015-10-01 }} (press release). Ons.gov.uk (2013-06-26). Retrieved 2013-06-26.</ref> | [[Local govrenment in Lunnon|Greater Lunnon Authority]]<ref>The 33 local authorities are the 32 Lunnon borough cooncils an the Ceety o Lunnon Corporation.</ref> | {{nts|1572.15}} | {{nts|5285}} | {{UK}} |- |24 | [[Bangkok]] | [[File:The Baiyoke Tower II in Bangkok, Thailand.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8280925}}<ref name="2010 census 1">{{cite web|title=Table 1 Population by sex, household type and household by type, average size of private household by region and area: 2010 |url=http://service.nso.go.th/nso/nso_center/project/table/files/C-pop/2553/000/00_C-pop_2553_000_010000_00100.xls |publisher=National Statistics Office|work=Statistic tables, NSO website|accessdate=18 September 2012}}</ref> | [[Leet o destricts o Bangkok|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>Bangkok is subdividit intae 50 destricts (khet เขต, an aa sometimes wrangly cried amphoe อำเภอ as in the ither provinces, derived frae Pali khetta, cognate tae Sanskrit kṣetra), which are further subdividit intae 169 khwaeng แขวง, roughly equivalent tae tambon ตำบล in the ither provinces.</ref> | {{nts|1568.74}} | {{nts|5280}} | {{THA}} |- |25 | [[Dongguan]] | [[File:Dongguan Avenue (CBD) 2010.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8220207}}<ref>{{cite web|title=China - Guangdong Province (2010)|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/cn-44.aspx|publisher=GeoHive|accessdate=14 March 2014|archive-date=2016-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316085121/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/cn-44.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Dongguan#Admeenistration|Sub-Provincial Ceety]] | {{nts|2469.4}} | {{nts|3329}} | {{CHN}} |- |26 | [[Tehran]] | [[File:Tehran tower view.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8154051}}<ref>{{cite web|title=IRAN: Tehran City (Census 2011)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/iran-tehrancity.php|publisher=CITY POPULATION.DE|accessdate=25 February 2014}}</ref> | [[Tehran#Location an subdiveesions|Ceety Municipality]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://en.tehran.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=88 |title=TEHRAN: Administrative Districts |access-date=2014-06-03 |archive-date=2014-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726092302/http://en.tehran.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=88 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{nts|686}}<ref>{{cite web|title=About Teheran|url=http://en.tehran.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=104|publisher=Tehran Municipality|accessdate=25 February 2014|archive-date=2014-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219204318/http://en.tehran.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=104|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|11886}} | {{IRN}} |- |27 | [[Bogotá]] | [[File:Centro-Internacional-Bogotá.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|7776845}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/poblacion-y-demografia/proyecciones-de-poblacion|title=Estimaciones y proyecciones de hogares y viviendas|publisher=DANE (2014)|access-date=2014-06-03|archive-date=2016-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202154631/http://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/poblacion-y-demografia/proyecciones-de-poblacion|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Bogotá#Govrenment|Capital Destrict]]<ref>The Caipital Destrict o Bogotá is dividit intae twenty destricts, admeenistered bi the Metropolitan Municipality o Bogotá.</ref> | {{nts|859.11}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bogota.gov.co/|title=Límites|publisher=Bogota Government Corporation}}</ref><ref>The destrict o Sumapaz is completely rural (no ceety services) an is nae pairt o the ceety proper. The aurie wis an important pilgrimage arheoligic steid for the Muisca indigenous fowks in pre-Columbian times an for veesitin the Sumapaz Naitional Pairk. The destrict o Sumapaz represents 0.1% o the population (48% "aurie") o Bogotá Municipality.</ref> | {{nts|9052}} | {{COL}} |- |28 | [[Ho Chi Minh Ceety]] | [[File:Một khúc sông Sài Gòn.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|7681700}}<ref name="vietnam1">{{cite web|url=http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=467&idmid=3&ItemID=14457|title=Average population by province|publisher=General Statistics Office Of Vietnam|accessdate=2012}}</ref> | [[Ho Chi Minh City#Poleetical an admeenistrative system|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]] | {{nts|2095.6}}<ref name="vietnam2">{{cite web|url=http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=467&idmid=3&ItemID=14459|title=Area, population and population density in 2012 by province|publisher=General Statistics Office Of Vietnam}}</ref> | {{nts|3667}} | {{VIE}} |- |29 | [[Hong Kong]] | [[File:Hong Kong view from The Peak 01.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|7219700}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/press_release/pressReleaseDetail.jsp?charsetID=1&pressRID=3405|title=Year-end population for 2013|publisher=The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administration Region|accessdate=10 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Destricts o Hong Kong|Special Admeenistrative Region]] | {{nts|1104.43}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.landsd.gov.hk/mapping/en/publications/hk_geographic_data_sheet.pdf|title=Hong Kong Geographic|publisher=The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administration Region|accessdate=10 March 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|6537}} | {{CHN}} |- |30 | [[Baghdad]] | [[File:Haifa street, as seen from the medical city hospital across the tigres.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|7180889}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Demographic Statistics of Iraq (2009)|url=http://cosit.gov.iq/en/population-manpower-staatistics/life|work=Central Statistical Government of Iraq|accessdate=5 March 2014|archive-date=2014-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305055657/http://cosit.gov.iq/en/population-manpower-staatistics/life|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Admeenistrative destricts in Baghdad|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>The province o Baghdad is dividit intae nine destrict, admeenistered bi the Metropolitan Municipality o Baghdad. The destricts are distributit intae 89 Neighborhuid Cooncils.</ref> | {{nts|4555}}<ref>Thare are mony disputes aboot Baghdad ceety (urban) aurie. The ceety o Baghdad haes the special status o provincial. The demographic information reportit tae the ceety proper are non-existent or are the estimates, projections inconclusive. The Metropolitan Municipality o Baghdad is a ceety "federal destrict - province". Is seemilar tae the case o Cairo Govrenorate.</ref> | {{nts|1577}} | {{IRQ}} |- |31 | [[Wuhan]] | [[File:Wuchang-Uprising-Memorial-Square-0127.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6886253}}<ref>{{cite web|title=武汉市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 (Main Data from Wuhan 2010 Census)|url=http://www.whtj.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.aspx?id=6417|publisher=Wuhan Statistics Bureau|date=10 May 2011|accessdate=31 July 2011|archive-date=2011-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111025103716/http://www.whtj.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.aspx?id=6417|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Wuhan#Admeenistrative diveesions|Sub-Provincial City]]<ref>The sub-provincial ceety o Wuhan haes direct jurisdiction ower 13 destricts (aicht urban/five rural). The ceety proper (urban) based on the destricts o Jiang'an, Jianghan, Qiaokou, Hanyang, Wuchang an Qingshan considered "core destricts" + Inner suburbs (destricts): Hongshan, Dongxihu.</ref> | {{nts|1327.61}}<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111105213243/http://www.whtj.gov.cn/documents/tjnj2010.pdf Wuhan Statistical Yearbook 2010] p. 15</ref> | {{nts|5187}} | {{CHN}} |- |32 | [[Hanoi]] | [[File:Hanoi Cityscape.jpg |125px]] | {{nts|6844100}}<ref name="vietnam1" /> | [[Hanoi#Destricts|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]] | {{nts|3323.6}}<ref name="vietnam2" /> | {{nts|2059}} | {{VIE}} |- |33 | [[Hyderabad]] | [[File:MindSpace campus in Hyderabad, India.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6809970}}<ref name=india1/> | [[Leet o destricts o Andhra Pradesh|Municipal Corporation]] | {{nts|621.48}}<ref name="Hyd1">{{cite web|url=http://www.ghmc.gov.in/greaterhyd.asp|title=Greater Hyderabad Municipal corporation 2010|publisher=GHMC|accessdate=12-04-2010|archive-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225201010/https://www.ghmc.gov.in/greaterhyd.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|10958}} | {{IND}} |- |34 | [[Rio de Janeiro]] | [[File:Vista aérea Centro do Rio de Janeiro RJ.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6429923}}<ref name="brazil1"/> | [[Rio de Janeiro#Ceety destricts|Municipality Ceety]] | {{nts|1200.27}}<ref name="IBGE"/> | {{nts|5357}} | {{BRA}} |- |35 | [[Lahore]] | [[File:Kalma Underpass1.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6318745}}<ref name=pakistan/> | [[Leet o touns in Lahore|Ceety Destrict]] | {{nts|1772}}<ref name=pakistan>{{cite web|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/pakistan.aspx|title=Lahore City District - Lahore City Tehsil|publisher=GeoHive|accessdate=10 March 2014|archive-date=2013-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406012611/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/pakistan.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|3566}} | {{PAK}} |- |36 | [[Foshan]] | [[File:Downtown of Guicheng.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6151622}}<ref>{{cite web|title=佛山2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报[1]|url=http://fs.house.sina.com.cn/news/2011-05-16/094028198.shtml|work=City of Foshan|accessdate=30 January 2014|archive-date=2014-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202204550/http://fs.house.sina.com.cn/news/2011-05-16/094028198.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Districts of Changcheng, Nanhai, Shunde; see [[Foshan#Admeenistration]]</ref> | [[Foshan#Admeenistration|Sub-Provincial Ceety]] | {{nts|2034.62}}<ref>{{cite web|title=About Foshan|url=http://www.foshan.gov.cn/english/|work=City of Foshan|accessdate=11 March 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|3023}} | {{CHN}} |- |37 | [[Santiago]] | [[File:Santiago de Chile.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5743719}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Chile - Santiago (Census 2012)|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/chile.aspx|accessdate=1 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Santiago Province, Chile|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>The province o Santiago is dividit intae thirty-twa destricts, admeenistered bi the Metropolitan Municipality o Santiago. But the destrict o Lo Barnechea is rural (moontains) an is nae pairt o the ceety proper. The ceety proper (urban aurie) o Santiago is generally considered tae be formed bi thirty-ane destricts (Province o Santiago), the destrict o Puente Alto (Province o Cordillera), an the destrict o San Bernardo (Province o Maipo).</ref> | {{nts|1249.9}} | {{nts|4595}} | {{CHI}} |- |38 | [[Riyadh]] | [[File:Riyadh 1337.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5676621}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Composition of Population (2012)|url=http://www.arriyadh.com/openshare/Eng/ADA/Content/ADA-Public/Investment_Arriyadh_2013.pdf|work=Arriyadh Development Authority|accessdate=4 March 2014|archive-date=2013-08-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823065650/http://www.arriyadh.com/openshare/Eng/ADA/Content/ADA-Public/Investment_Arriyadh_2013.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Riyadh#Geography and climate|Municipality City]]<ref>Riyadh is dividit intae 15 branch municipalities, in addeetion tae the Diplomatic Quarter. Each branch municipality in turn contains several districts, amoontin tae ower 130 in tot, tho some destricts are dividit atween mair nor ane branch municipality. The branch municipalities are Al-Shemaysi, Irqah, Al-Ma'athar, Al-Olayya, Al-Aziziyya, Al-Malaz, Al-Selayy, Nemar, Al-Neseem, Al-Shifa, Al-'Urayja, Al-Bat'ha, Al-Ha'ir, Al-Rawdha, an Al-Shimal ("the North").</ref> | {{nts|1233.98}}<ref>Arriyadh Development Authority (Investment_Arriyadh_2013)</ref> | {{nts|4600}} | {{KSA}} |- |39 | [[Ahmedabad]] | [[File:Amdavad Aerial.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5570585}}<ref name=india1/> | [[Ahmedabad destrict|Municipal Corporation]] | {{nts|475}} | {{nts|11727}} | {{IND}} |- |40 | [[Singapore]] | [[File:Singapore CBD skyline from Esplanade at dusk.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5399200}}<ref>{{cite web|title=POPULATION IN BRIEF 2013|url=http://www.singstat.gov.sg/statistics/browse_by_theme/population/statistical_tables/popinbrief2013.pdf|work=http://www.singstat.gov.sg/|publisher=Singapore|accessdate=22 January 2014|archive-date=2013-11-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113144038/http://www.singstat.gov.sg/statistics/browse_by_theme/population/statistical_tables/popinbrief2013.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Admeenistrative diveesions o Singapore|Ceety State]] | {{nts|712.4}} | {{nts|7579}} | {{SIN}} |- |41 | [[Shantou]] | [[File:China-shantou03.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5391028}}<ref>{{cite web|title=现将汕头市2010年第六次全国人口普查分区县常住人口[2]数据公布如下：|url=http://sttj.shantou.gov.cn/6rkpc/20110519.html|work=汕头市2010年第六次全国人口普查 主要数据公报[1]|accessdate=30 January 2014|archive-date=2014-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424121611/http://sttj.shantou.gov.cn/6rkpc/20110519.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Shantou#Admeenistration|Sub-Provincial Ceety]] | {{nts|2064.42}} | {{nts|2611}} | {{CHN}} |- |42 | [[Luanda]] | [[File:Marginal Avenida 4 de Fevreiro Luanda March 2013 05 (cropped).JPG|125px]] | {{nts|5278800}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Angola (2013)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Angola.html|work=CityPopulation.De|accessdate=22 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Luanda Province|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>Luanda is a ceety-province o Angola. In 2011 Luanda Province wis subdividit intae seiven municipalities: Belas, Cacuaco, Cazenga, Ícolo e Bengo, Luanda, Quiçama an Viana, admeenistered bi the Metropolitan Municipality o Luanda (18825.28 square kilometres). These are again subdividit intae 47 Communes (Comunas). The ceety proper o Luanda is formed bi five destricts: Belas, Viana, Luanda, Cazenga an Cacuaco.</ref> | {{nts|2180.29}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Divisão Político-Administrativa da Província de Luanda|url=http://www.info-angola.ao/images/stories/dpa-grande.png|work=Info-Angola|accessdate=22 March 2014|archive-date=2015-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034703/http://www.info-angola.ao/images/stories/dpa-grande.png|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|2421}} | {{ANG}} |- |43 | [[Saunt Petersburg]] | [[File:Petersburg-square.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5131967}}<ref name="2014Est">[[Goskomstat|Rosstat]]. [http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/PrPopul.xls Оценка численности постоянного населения на 1 января 2014 г.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225132215/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/PrPopul.xls%0A |date=2018-12-25 }} {{ru icon}}</ref> | [[Admeenistrative diveesions o Saunt Petersburg|Federal Ceety]] | {{nts|1439}}<ref name="RusArea2009"/> | {{nts|3566}} | {{RUS}} |- |44 | [[Abidjan]] | [[File:Plateau Centre-est.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4765000}}<ref name="demographia"/> | [[Abidjan#Politics|Department/Ceety Destrict]] | {{nts|2119}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Presentation|url=http://www.districtabidjan.ci/presentation.php|publisher=District Autonome D'Abidjan|accessdate=17 March 2014|archive-date=2014-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140321123118/http://www.districtabidjan.ci/presentation.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|2249}} | {{CIV}} |- |45 | [[Chengdu]] | | {{nts|4741929}}<ref name="2010census">{{cite web|url=http://www.chengdu.gov.cn/govAffairInfo/detail.jsp?id=425258|title=我市2010年第六次全国人口普查数据公报 |publisher=Government of Chengdu|date=2011-05-13|language=Chinese|accessdate=2011-08-04}}</ref> | [[Chengdu#Admeenistrative diveesions|Sub-Provincial Ceety]] | {{nts|421}}<ref name="2010census"/> | {{nts|11260}} | {{CHN}} |- |46 | [[Yangon]] | [[File:Downtown Yangon (2006).jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4714000}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Demographia World Urban Areas (2014)|url=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|publisher=Demographia|accessdate=11 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Leet o destricts an neighborhoods o Yangon|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>Yangon is admeenistered bi the Yangon Ceety Development Committee (YCDC). The ceety proper is dividit intae fower destricts: Wastren Destrict, Eastren Destrict, Soothren Destrict an Northren Destrict. The destricts combined hae a tot o 33 tounships.</ref> | {{nts|598.75}}<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090226114154/http://www.uncrd.or.jp/env/3rd-regional-est-forum/doc/23_Myanmar.pdf Third Regional EST Forum, Presentation of Myanmar]. Retrieved 11 March 2014.</ref> | {{nts|7873}} | {{MYA}} |- |47 | [[Chennai]] | [[File:Southern Railway HQ.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4681087}}<ref name=2011city>{{cite web|title=Cities having population 1 lakh and above|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|work=censusindia|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|accessdate=18 October 2011}}</ref> | [[Administration of Chennai|Municipal Corporation]]<ref>Chennai ceety is govrened bi the Chennai Corporation, dividin intae three regions - fifteen destricts: North (Tiruvottiyur, Manali, Madhavaram, Tondiarpet an Royapuram), Sooth (Valasaravakkam, Alandur, Adyar, Perungudi an Sholinganallur) an Central (Thiru-Vi-Ka Nagar, Ambattur, Anna Nagar, Teynampet an Kodambakkam), which covers 200 wards. O the tot land aurie, reserved forests cover 2.71 km2 an is concentratit in an aroond the Guindy Naitional Pairk region, ane o the few naitional pairks in the warld locatit within a ceety.</ref> | {{nts|426.51}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Expanded Chennai Corporationto be divided into 3 regions|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Chennai/article2658830.ece|work=The Hindu|accessdate=22 March 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|21057}} | {{IND}} |- |48 | [[Sydney]] | [[File:Sydney Harbour01.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4676118}}<ref name=australia>{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Products/3218.0~2012-13~Main+Features~Main+Features|title=Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2012-13|publisher=ABS|accessdate=20 May 2014}}</ref> | [[Leet o Sydney suburbs|Municipality]] | {{nts|2036.55}} | {{nts|1919}} | {{AUS}} |- |49 | [[Alexandria]] | [[File:Alexandria - Egypt.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4616625}}<ref name="Capmas2013"/> | [[Alexandria Governorate|Governorate]] | {{nts|2300}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Egypt: Administrative Units|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/egypt.aspx|work=GeoHive|accessdate=4 March 2014}}</ref><ref>The ceety o Alexandria haes an aurie o approximately 400 square kilometres. Egyptian offeecials provides information at govrenorate level. In the case o "ceety proper" provides information at intervals o mony years. It is impossible tae assess the population (offeecial) reportit in the ceety proper aurie.</ref> | {{nts|2007}} | {{EGY}} |- |50 | [[Chongqing]] | [[File:Chongqing Night Yuzhong.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4513137}}<ref>{{cite web|title=China - Chongqing City (2010)|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/cn-50.aspx|work=GeoHive|accessdate=14 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Leet o admeenistrative diveesions o Chongqing|Direct-controlled Municipality]]<ref>Chongqing is the lairgest o the fower direct-controlled municipalities o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae. The municipality is dividit intae 38 subdiveesions (3 wur abolished in 1997, an Wansheng an Shuangqiao destricts wur abolished in October 2011), consistin o 19 destricts, 15 coonties, an 4 autonomous coonties. The ceety proper based on the destricts o Yuzhong, Dadukou, Jiangbei, Shapingba, Jiulongpo, Nan'an considered "Central Chongqing (重庆市中心)".</ref> | {{nts|1435.07}} | {{nts|3145}} | {{CHN}} |- |51 | [[Kolkata]] | [[File:Victoria Memorial Hall, Kolkata.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4486679}}<ref name="india1"/> | [[Municipal Corporation]] | {{nts|200.7}} | {{nts|24252}} | {{IND}} |- |52 | [[Xi'an]] | [[File:Xi'an erhuan southeast.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|4483426}}<ref>{{cite web|title=西安市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报[1]|url=http://news.163.com/11/0525/03/74SC9U2E00014AED.html|work=Chinese Census 2010|accessdate=14 March 2014|archive-date=2015-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208053640/http://news.163.com/11/0525/03/74SC9U2E00014AED.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Xi'an#Subdiveesion|Sub-Provincial Ceety]]<ref>The sub-provincial ceety o Xi'an haes direct jurisdiction ower 9 destricts (区 qu) an 4 coonties (县 xian). The ceety proper based on the destricts o Xīnchéng, Bēilín an Liánhú considered "core destricts" + Inner suburbs (destricts): Bàqiáo, Wèiyāng an Yàntǎ.</ref> | {{nts|832.17}} | {{nts|5388}} | {{CHN}} |- |53 | [[Surat]] | [[File:GauravPath1.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4462002}}<ref name=india1/> | [[Municipal Corporation]] | {{nts|326.515}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.suratmunicipal.gov.in/content/city/demographics.shtml |title=Demographics: Surat Municipal Corporation |access-date=2013-06-29 |archive-date=2009-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090404112933/http://www.suratmunicipal.gov.in/content/city/demographics.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{nts|13666}} | {{IND}} |- |54 | [[Johannesburg]] | [[File:Johannesburg CBD.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4434827}}<ref name="South Africa"/> | [[Ceety o Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality|Municipality Ceety]] | {{nts|1644.98}} | {{nts|2696}} | {{ZAF}} |- |55 | [[Nanjing]] | [[File:紫峰大厦.jpeg|125px]] | {{nts|4393857}}<ref>Destricts o Xuanwu, Qinhuai, Jianye, Gulou, Yuhuatai, Qixia; see [[Nanjing#Admeenistrative diveesions|Admeenistrative diveesions]]</ref> | [[Nanjing#Admeenistrative diveesions|Sub-Provincial Ceety]] | {{nts|742.85}} | {{nts|5915}} | {{CHN}} |- |56 | [[Dar es Salaam]] | [[File:Dar es Salaam aerial.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4364541}}<ref>{{cite web|last=Pinda|first=Mizengo Peter|title=Welcome to the 2012 Tanzania Population and Housing Census WebPage.|url=http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/new.html|work=Census General Report (pdf); available by clicking “Population Distribution by Administrative Units”|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of Tanzania|accessdate=28 December 2013|archive-date=2014-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140105051305/http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/new.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Dar es Salaam Region|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>Dar es Salaam is dividit intae three destricts: Ilala, Kinondoni, an Temeke. Aw three are govrened as municipal cooncils, an so aw o the ceety's suburbs or wards are affiliated wi them.</ref> | {{nts|1631.12}}<ref>[http://www.citypopulation.de/php/tanzania-admin.php TANZANIA:Administrative Division]</ref> | {{nts|2676}} | {{TZA}} |- |57 | [[Ankara]] | [[File:Ankara and mosque wza.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4360438}}<ref>{{cite web|title=TURKEY: Ankara (2013)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/turkey-ankaracity.php|publisher=CityPopulation.De|accessdate=4 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Ankara Province|Metropolitan Municipality-Province]]<ref>The province o Ankara is dividit intae twenty five destricts, admeenistered bi the Metropolitan Municipality o Ankara. The ceety proper (urban aurie) o Ankara is generally considered tae be formed bi aicht destricts (Sincan, Yenimahalle, Etimesgut, Keçiören, Pursaklar, Altındağ, Mamak, Çankaya). In some criteria, Gölbaşı destrict is pairt o the ceety, but the deestrict o Gölbaşı is rural.</ref> | {{nts|1910.92}} | {{nts|2282}} | {{TUR}} |- |58 | [[Suzhou]] | [[File:China Suzhou Jinjihu Lake.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4327066}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sztjj.gov.cn/tjnj/sqsl2014.pdf|title=Suzhou (Statistics 2013)|publisher=Sztjj.gov.cn|accessdate=20 April 2014|archive-date=2014-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419145824/http://www.sztjj.gov.cn/tjnj/sqsl2014.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Suzhou#Admeenistrative diveesions|Sub-Provincial Ceety]]<ref>The ceety proper based on the destricts o Gūsū, Wúzhōng, Sūzhōu Gōngyèyuán (Industrial Park), Xiàngchéng and Sūzhōu Gāo Xīnjìshù Chǎnyè Kāifāqū (New Destrict)</ref> | {{nts|1649.72}}<ref>Sztjj.gov.cn</ref> | {{nts|2526}} | {{CHN}} |- |59 | [[Harbin]] | [[File:Tower at Harbin Ice and Snow Festival 2012.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4280701}}<ref>{{cite web|title=黑龙江省2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/rkpcgb/dfrkpcgb/201202/t20120228_30390.html|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China|accessdate=3 February 2014}}</ref><ref>Aw ceety proper destricts except Sōngběi; namely Dàolǐ, Nángǎng, Dàowài, Píngfáng, Xiāngfang; see [[Harbin#Admeenistrative diveesions]]</ref> | [[Harbin#Administrative divisions|Sub-Provincial City]] | {{nts|1718.2}}<ref>{{cite web|title=中国年鉴信息网--中国规模最大、实力最强的研究报告提供商！|url=http://www.chinayearbook.com/pcbook/item/1/153934.html|work=Harbin Yearbook|publisher=China Yearbook|accessdate=3 February 2014|archive-date=2016-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506174236/http://www.chinayearbook.com/pcbook/item/1/153934.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|2491.4}} | {{CHN}} |- |60 | [[Melbourne]] | [[File:Melbourne by night.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4252458}}<ref name=australia/> | [[Leet o Melbourne suburbs|Municipality]] | {{nts|9990.5}}<ref name=ABSGCCSAXLS>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/CensusOutput/copsub.NSF/All%20docs%20by%20catNo/2011~Community%20Profile~2GMEL/$File/BCP_2GMEL.zip?OpenElement|title=Greater Melbourne: Basic Community Profile|publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]]|work=2011 Census Community Profiles|date=28 March 2013|format=xls|accessdate=20 May 2014|archive-date=2014-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140211205604/http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/CensusOutput/copsub.NSF/All%20docs%20by%20catNo/2011~Community%20Profile~2GMEL/$File/BCP_2GMEL.zip?OpenElement|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|1458}} | {{AUS}} |- |61 | [[Giza]] | [[File:Egipt 383.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4239988}}<ref>{{cite web|title=EGYPT: Greater Cairo (2006)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/egypt-greatercairo.php|work=citypopulation.de|accessdate=20 February 2014}}</ref> | [[Giza#Destricts an neighbourhuids o Giza|Govrenorate]]<ref>Aw destricts that are leetit as bein in Greater Cairo an are contiguous; namely Ad-Duqī, Al-Ahrām; Al-'Ajūzah; Al-Badrashayn; Al-Ḥawāmidiyah; Al-Jīzah; Al-Jīzah; Al-'Umrāniyah; Al-Warrāq; Awsīm; Būlāq al-Dakrūr; Imbābah; Kirdāsah.</ref> | {{nts|289.08}} | {{nts|14667}} | {{EGY}} |- |62 | [[Zhengzhou]] | | {{nts|4122087}}<ref>[[Zhengzhou#Admeenistration an demografie|Sub-Provincial Ceety]] (Census 2010)</ref> | [[Zhengzhou#Admeenistration an demografie|Sub-Provincial Ceety]]<ref>The ceety proper based on the destricts o Zhōngyuán, Èrqī, Guǎnchéng Huízú, Jīnshuǐ an Huìjì</ref> | {{nts|1015.66}} | {{nts|4059}} | {{CHN}} |- |63 | [[New Taipei Ceety]] | | {{nts|3954929}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/taiwan-admin.php|title=TAIWAN: Administrative Division (Census 2013)|publisher=CityPopulation.De|accessdate=23 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Special municipality (Republic of China)|Special Municipality]] | {{nts|2052.57}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://foreigner.ntpc.gov.tw/web/SG?command=display&pageID=36568&FP=D40000002968000000_5|title=New Taipei City|publisher=New Taipei City Government|accessdate=18 October 2011|archive-date=2012-07-09|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120709080120/http://foreigner.ntpc.gov.tw/web/SG?command=display&pageID=36568&FP=D40000002968000000_5|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|1927}} | {{ROC-TW}} |- |64 | [[Los Angeles]] | [[File:LA Skyline Mountains2.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3857799}}<ref name="United States"/> | Municipality Ceety<ref>Los Angeles Ceety is dividit intae ower 80 destricts an neighborhuids.</ref> | {{nts|1213.85}} | {{nts|3178}} | {{USA}} |- |65 | [[Cape Toun]] | [[File:Central Cape Town.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3740026}}<ref name="South Africa"/> | [[Leet o Cape Toun suburbs|Municipality Ceety]] | {{nts|2444.97}} | {{nts|1530}} | {{ZAF}} |- |66 | [[Shenyang]] | [[File:Shenyang Zentrum.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3717098 }}<ref>Destricts o Shenhe, Heping, Dadong, Huangu, Tiexi; see [[Shenyang#Destricts an zones|Destricts an zones]]</ref> | Sub-Provincial Ceety | {{nts|166}} | {{nts|22392}} | {{CHN}} |- |67 | [[Yokohama]] | [[File:Minato Mirai In Blue.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3680267}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pref.kanagawa.jp/tokei/tokei/204/jinko.html|title=Official monthly estimated de jure population by the Kanagawa Prefectural Government (2010)|publisher=StatJapMonthlyCityYokohama|accessdate=3 March 2014|archive-date=2012-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120424041142/http://www.pref.kanagawa.jp/tokei/tokei/204/jinko.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Ceeties o Japan|Municipality Ceety]] | {{nts|437.38}} | {{nts|8414}} | {{JPN}} |- |68 | [[Busan]] | [[File:August Afternoon in Haeundae 2.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3590101}}<ref name="kosispop">[http://www.mospa.go.kr/gpms/ns/mogaha/user/userlayout/bulletin/userBtView.action?userBtBean.bbsSeq=1023919&userBtBean.ctxCd=1012&userBtBean.ctxType=21010002&userBtBean.categoryCd=] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090806/http://www.mospa.go.kr/gpms/ns/mogaha/user/userlayout/bulletin/userBtView.action?userBtBean.bbsSeq=1023919&userBtBean.ctxCd=1012&userBtBean.ctxType=21010002&userBtBean.categoryCd= |date=2016-03-04 }}, Retrieved 2013-07-01.</ref> | Municipality Ceety | {{nts|766.12}}<ref name="kosispop"/> | {{nts|4686}} | {{KOR}} |- |69 | [[Hangzhou]] | [[File:Hangzhou-yellow-dragon-stad.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3560391}}<ref name="stat">{{cite web |url=http://www.hzstats.gov.cn/web/ShowNews.aspx?id=DwGeRFDvlVg= |title=杭州市 2010年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |accessdate=2011-09-15 |date=2011-02-24 |publisher=Hangzhou Municipal Statistic Bureau |language=Simplified Chinese |archive-date=2011-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903121404/http://www.hzstats.gov.cn/web/ShowNews.aspx?id=DwGeRFDvlVg%3D |url-status=dead }}</ref> | Sub-Provincial Ceety | {{nts|728.19}}<ref name="stat"/> | {{nts|4889}} | {{CHN}} |- |70 | [[Xiamen]] | [[File:Buddhism library.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3531347}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Xiamen (Sub-provincial city, Fujian)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-admin.php?adm2id=3502|work=citypopulation.de|accessdate=4 March 2014|date=November 1, 2010}}</ref> | Sub-Provincial Ceety | {{nts|1699}} | {{nts|2078}} | {{CHN}} |- |71 | [[Quanzhou]] | [[File:Lingshan Islamic Cemetery - city view - DSCF8486.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|3520846}}<ref>Following sections: Licheng District, Fengze District, Shishi City, Jinjiang City; see [[Quanzhou#Administrative divisions]]</ref> | [[Quanzhou#Admeenistrative diveesions|Sub-Provincial Ceety]] | {{nts|1062}} | {{nts|3315}} | {{CHN}} |- |72 | [[Berlin]] | [[File:PotsdamerPlatz Vogelperspektive 2004 1.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3517424}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/pms/2014/14-02-18.pdf|title=Population of Berlin(01.01.2014)|publisher=Statistics Agency Berlin-Brandenburg|accessdate= 3 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Boroughs an localities o Berlin|Ceety State]] | {{nts|891.75}} | {{nts|3944}} | {{DEU}} |- |73 |[[Jeddah]] | [[File:Jeddeh4.jpg|125px]] |{{nts|3456259}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Saudi Census-2010|url=http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/yb47/Pages/MixChapter2.htm|work=Central Departament of Statistics Saudi Government|accessdate=4 March 2014|archive-date=2013-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131201022443/http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/yb47/Pages/MixChapter2.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> | Municipality Ceety |{{nts|1765}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Area and Population|url=http://www.jeddah.gov.sa/english/JeddahCity/Geographical.php|work=Jeddah Municipality|accessdate=4 March 2014|archive-date=2014-04-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140421215956/http://www.jeddah.gov.sa/english/JeddahCity/Geographical.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> |{{nts|1958}} |{{SAU}} |- |74 | [[Durban]] | [[File:VWestDurban.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3442361}}<ref name="South Africa">{{cite web|title=Census (2011)|url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/|publisher=Statistics South Africa|accessdate=23 March 2014|archive-date=2015-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116045932/http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Durban#Suburbs|Municipality Ceety]] | {{nts|2291.31}} | {{nts|1502}} | {{ZAF}} |- |75 | [[Kabul]] | [[File:Khair Khana in 2012.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3414100}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Afghanistan (2013)|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/afghanistan.aspx|publisher=GeoHive|accessdate=21 March 2014}}</ref> | [[Kabul#Neighborhuids|Municipality Ceety]] | {{nts|275}} | {{nts|12415}} | {{AFG}} |- |76 | [[Hefei]] | | {{nts|3352076}}<ref>{{cite web|title=合肥市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报: 合肥市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公 报[1]|url=http://wenku.baidu.com/view/5adc27c29ec3d5bbfd0a74db.html|publisher=Baidu|accessdate=15 February 2014|archive-date=2017-07-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711083138/https://wenku.baidu.com/view/5adc27c29ec3d5bbfd0a74db.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Hefei#Admeenistration|Sub-Provincial Ceety]]<ref>The prefectur-level ceety o Hefei admeenisters 9 coonty-level diveesions, includin 4 destricts, 1 Coonty-ceety an 4 coonties. The ceety proper based on the destricts o Luyang, Yaohai, Shushan an Baohe considered "core destricts".</ref> | {{nts|838.52}} | {{nts|3998}} | {{CHN}} |- |77 | [[Pyongyang]] | [[File:0322 Pyongyang Turm der Juche Idee Aussicht.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3255388}}<ref>[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/North_Korea/2008_North_Korea_Census.pdf United Nations Statistics Division; Preliminary results of the 2008 Census of Population of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea conducted on 1-15 October 2008 ('''pdf-file''')] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325102712/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/North_Korea/2008_North_Korea_Census.pdf |date=2009-03-25 }} Retrieved on 2009-03-01.</ref> | [[Pyongyang#Admeenistrative status an diveesions|Direct-controlled Municipality]] | {{nts|2113}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.northkorea1on1.com/cities.cfm?cid=pyongyan |title=PYONGYANG |access-date=2014-06-03 |archive-date=2014-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140717220924/http://www.northkorea1on1.com/cities.cfm?cid=pyongyan |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{nts|1541}} | {{PRK}} |- |78 | [[Madrid]] | [[File:Gran Vía (Madrid) 1.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3207247}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Municipal Register: Last data published: Population at 1st January (2013)|url=http://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=%2Ft20%2Fe260&file=inebase&L=|publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE - Spain)|accessdate=3 March 2014|archive-date=2013-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208094936/http://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=%2Ft20%2Fe260&file=inebase&L=|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Destricts o Madrid|Municipality Ceety]] | {{nts|605.77}} | {{nts|5294}} | {{ESP}} |- |79 | [[Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality|Ekurhuleni]] | [[File:Germiston CBD.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3178470}}<ref name="South Africa"/> | [[Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality|Municipality Ceety]] | {{nts|1975.31}} | {{nts|1609}} | {{ZAF}} |- |80 |[[Nairobi]] | [[File:NBO5.jpg|125px]] |{{nts|3138369}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Kenya (Census 2009)|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/kenya.aspx|publisher=Geohive|accessdate=3 March 2014|archive-date=2014-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303020641/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/kenya.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[Provinces o Kenyae|Caipital Destrict]] |{{nts|694.9}} |{{nts|4516}} |{{KEN}} |- |81 | [[Pune]] | [[File:AmonoraTownCentre.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3115431}}<ref name=india1/> | [[Municipal Corporation]] | {{nts|450.69}} | {{nts|6913}} | {{IND}} |- |82 | [[Addis Ababa]] | [[File:Aerials Ethiopia 2009-08-27 15-26-13.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|3103673}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csa.gov.et/images/documents/pdf_files/nationalstatisticsabstract/2012/2012%20POPULATION.pdf|title=Population Size of Towns by Sex, Region, Zone and Wereda: July 2013|publisher=Central Statistical Agency - CSA|accessdate=July 2013|archive-date=2015-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923211418/http://www.csa.gov.et/images/documents/pdf_files/nationalstatisticsabstract/2012/2012%20POPULATION.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | Metropolitan Municipality-Province<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php|title=based on the districts of Akaki Kaliti-Sub City, Nefas Silk-Lafto-Sub City, Kolfe Keraniyo-Sub City, Gulele-Sub City, Lideta-Sub City, Kirkos-Sub City, Arada-Sub City, Addis Ketema-Sub City, Yeka-Sub City, Bole-Sub City considered "districts"|access-date=2013-06-29|archive-date=2014-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140214085603/http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|526.99}} | {{nts|5889}} |{{ETH}} |- |83 |[[Changsha]] | [[File:The Huángxīng Lù Commercial Pedestrian Street in Changsha.jpg|125px]] |{{nts|3093980}} | [[Changsha#Admeenistration|Sub-Provincial Ceety]]<ref>Based on the follaein destricts: Furong, Tianxin, Yuelu, Kaifu, Yuhua; see [[Changsha#Admeenistration|Admeenistration]]</ref> |{{nts|969}} |{{nts|3193}} |{{CHN}} |- |84 | [[Jaipur]] | [[File:DSCN1444.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|3073350}}<ref name=india1/> | [[Municipal Corporation]] | {{nts|485}} | {{nts|6337}} | {{IND}} |- |85 |[[Wenzhou]] |[[File:Shopping street in Wenzhou.jpg|125px]] |{{nts|3039439}}<ref name="Wenzhou City, in 2010 the sixth national census data bulletin">{{cite web|title=1103-浙江省温州市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报: 温州市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报|url=http://wenku.baidu.com/view/68e6f74d852458fb770b5630|publisher=Baidu|accessdate=3 March 2014|archive-date=2017-07-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711083254/https://wenku.baidu.com/view/68e6f74d852458fb770b5630|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[Wenzhou#Admeenistration|Sub-Provincial Ceety]]<ref>Based on the follaein destricts: Lucheng, Longwan, Ouhai; see [[Wenzhou#Admeenistration|Admeenistration]]</ref> |{{nts|1187.88}} |{{nts|2559}} |{{CHN}} |- |} ==Notes an references== {{Reflist|30em}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Leet O Ceeties Proper Bi Population}} [[Category:Leets o ceeties bi demografie|Population]] [[Category:Leets o ceeties bi population]] [[Category:Populatit places bi teep]] [[Category:Demographics]] [[Category:Demographic leets]] [[Category:Censuses]] 0w1ypi1rrncd2zambkostq1czs4hwhi 0 59546 918132 911314 2026-06-17T16:20:35Z Jmabel 28983 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:CDM Newport Beach 2013 Photo D Ramey Logan.jpg]] → [[File:CDM Newport Beach 2013 Photo Don Ramey Logan.jpg]] [[c:Special:PermanentLink/1232765674#Mass_rename_requested]] 918132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Fixscots}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Orange Coonty, Californie | official_name = County of Orange | native_name = | other_name = | settlement_type = [[Coonty (Unitit States)|Coonty]] | image_skyline = CDM Newport Beach 2013 Photo Don Ramey Logan.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Aerial view of the coast of [[Newport Beach, California|Newport Beach]] in May 2005. | image_flag = Flag of Orange County, California.svg | flag_size = | image_seal = Seal of Orange County, California.svg | seal_size = | named_for = Orange groves that wur ance plentiful in the aurie | subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] | subdivision_name = {{nowrap|{{flag|Unitit States}}}} | subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Californie}} ---- | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = [[Greater Los Angeles Area]] | seat_type = [[Coonty seat]] | seat = {{flagicon image|Flag of Santa Ana, California.svg}} [[Santa Ana, Californie|Santa Ana]] | parts_type = Lairgest ceety | parts = {{flagicon image|Flag of Anaheim, California (2018–present).svg}} [[Anaheim]] | unit_pref = US | area_total_sq_mi = 947.98 | area_land_sq_mi = 789.40 | area_water_sq_mi = 158.57 | elevation_max_footnotes = | elevation_max_ft = | elevation_min_footnotes = | elevation_min_ft = | population_as_of = 2010 Census | population_total = 3010232 | population_density_sq_mi = 3813.3 | population_demonym = Orange Countian | established_title = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] | established_date = March 11, 1889 | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | timezone = [[Paceefic Staundart Time]] | utc_offset = -8 | timezone_DST = [[Paceefic Daylicht Time]] | utc_offset_DST = -7 | postal_code_type = <!--[[ZIP Code]]--> | postal_code = | area_codes = 562, 714, 949 | image_map = Map of California highlighting Orange County.svg | mapsize = 200px | map_caption = Location in the state o Californie | image_map1 = Map of USA CA.svg | mapsize1 = 200px | map_caption1 = Californie's location in the [[Unitit States]] | image_map1 = OrangeCountyCA Map.gif | mapsize1 = 200px | map_caption1 = Ceeties in Orange Coonty | website = {{URL|http://www.ocgov.com|www.OCGov.com}} | footnotes = }} '''Orange Coonty''' is a [[coonty (Unitit States)|coonty]] in the [[U.S. state]] o [[Californie]]. Its [[coonty seat]] is [[Santa Ana, Californie|Santa Ana]]. As o the 2010 census, its population wis 3,010,232, makkin it the third maist populous coonty in Californie, ahint [[Los Angeles Coonty]] an [[San Diego Coonty]], an the seicont maist populous in the [[Greater Los Angeles Area]], efter Los Angeles Coonty.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/maps/california_map.html |title=California County QuickFacts from the U.S. Census Bureau |publisher=Quickfacts.census.gov |date= |accessdate=2013-05-14 |archive-date=2011-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104034024/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/maps/california_map.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is the [[Leet o the maist populous counties in the Unitit States|saxt maist populous coonty]] in the [[Unitit States]] as o 2009 while at the same time is the smallest area-wise county in [[Soothren Californie]], bein roughly hauf the size o the next smawest coonty, [[Ventura Coonty|Ventura]]. It is the seicont-maist densely populatit coonty in the state, seicont anerly tae [[San Francisco]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usa.com/rank/california-state--population-density--county-rank.htm |title=California Population Density County Rank |publisher=USA.com |date= |accessdate=2013-08-14 |archive-date=2013-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814084054/http://www.usa.com/rank/california-state--population-density--county-rank.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> The coonty is famous for its tourism, as the hame o such attractions as [[Disneyland]] an [[Knott's Berry Farm]], an several beaches alang its mair nor {{convert|40|mi|km|0}} o coastline. It is kent for its [[affluence]] an poleetical [[Conservatism in the Unitit States|conservatism]] – a 2005 academic study leetit three Orange Coonty ceeties as bein amang Americae's 25 "maist conservative," makkin it ane o twa coonties in the kintra containin mair nor ane such ceety ([[Maricopa Coonty]], [[Arizona]], haes three ceeties on the leet an aw).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://govpro.com/content/gov_imp_31439/ |title=Study ranks America's most liberal and conservative cities |publisher=Govpro.com |date=2005-08-16 |accessdate=2010-07-22 |archive-date=2012-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722203607/http://govpro.com/content/gov_imp_31439/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is part of the [[Tech Coast]]. Orange Coonty wis at the time the lairgest American coonty tae hae [[:en:Chapter 9, Title 11, United States Code|gone bankrupt]], when in 1994 langtime treasurer [[Robert Citron]]'s investment strategies left the coonty wi inadequate caipital tae allou for ony rise in interest rates for its tradin positions. When the residents o Orange Coonty votit doun a proposal tae raise taxes in order tae balance the budget, bankruptcy follaeed suin efter. Citron later pleadit guilty tae sax felonies regardin the matter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allbusiness.com/personal-finance/740233.html |title=Losing your tail on the repo market: The story of Robert Citron |publisher=The Arbitrageur |date= |accessdate=1998-03-22}}</ref> Whareas maist population centers in the Unitit States tend tae be identifee'd bi a major ceety, thare is no defined urban centre in Orange Coonty (it is sometimes considered pairt o baith the Los Angeles an San Diego metro auries). It is maistly suburban except for some tradeetionally urban auries at the centres o the aulder ceeties o [[Anaheim]], [[Fullerton, Californie|Fullerton]], [[Huntington Beach]], [[Orange, Californie|Orange]], an [[Santa Ana, Californie|Santa Ana]]. Thare are several [[edge ceety]]-style developments such as Irvine Business Center, [[Newport Center]], an South Coast Metro. The ceety o Santa Ana serves as the govrenmental centre o the coonty, or coonty seat, Anaheim as its main tourist destination, an [[Irvine, Californie|Irvine]] as its major business an financial hub. Aw o these three Orange Coonty ceeties hae populations exceedin 200,000. Thirty-fower [[Incorporatit place|incorporatit]] ceeties are locatit in Orange Coonty; the newest is [[Aliso Viejo]], which wis incorporatit in 2001. Anaheim wis the first ceety incorporatit in Orange Coonty, in 1870 when the region wis still pairt o neebourin Los Angeles Coonty. ==Geografie== ===Incorporatit ceeties=== As o August 2006, Orange Coonty haes 34 incorporatit ceeties. The auldest is Anaheim (1870) an the newest is Aliso Viejo (2001). {{multicol}} *[[Aliso Viejo]], incorporatit in 2001 *[[Anaheim]], incorporatit in 1870 *[[Brea, Californie|Brea]], incorporatit in 1917 *[[Buena Park, Californie|Buena Park]], incorporatit in 1953 *[[Costa Mesa]], incorporatit in 1953 *[[Cypress, Californie|Cypress]], incorporatit in 1956 *[[Dana Point]], incorporatit in 1989 *[[Fountain Valley, Californie|Fountain Valley]], incorporatit in 1957 *[[Fullerton, Californie|Fullerton]], incorporatit in 1904 *[[Garden Grove, Californie|Garden Grove]], incorporatit in 1956 *[[Huntington Beach]], incorporatit in 1909 *[[Irvine, Californie|Irvine]], incorporatit in 1971 *[[La Habra]], incorporatit in 1925 *[[La Palma, Californie|La Palma]], incorporatit in 1955 *[[Laguna Beach]], incorporatit in 1927 *[[Laguna Hills]], incorporatit in 1991 *[[Laguna Niguel]], incorporatit in 1989 {{multicol-break}} *[[Laguna Woods]], incorporatit in 1999 *[[Lake Forest, Californie|Lake Forest]], incorporatit in 1991 *[[Los Alamitos, Californie|Los Alamitos]], incorporatit in 1960 *[[Mission Viejo, Californie|Mission Viejo]], incorporatit in 1988 *[[Newport Beach]], incorporatit in 1906 *[[Orange, Californie|Orange]], incorporatit in 1888 *[[Placentia, Californie|Placentia]], incorporatit in 1926 *[[Rancho Santa Margarita, Californie|Rancho Santa Margarita]], incorporatit in 2000 *[[San Clemente, Californie|San Clemente]], incorporatit in 1928 *[[San Juan Capistrano]], incorporatit in 1961 *[[Santa Ana, Californie|Santa Ana]], incorporatit in 1886 *[[Seal Beach]], incorporatit in 1915 *[[Stanton, Californie|Stanton]], incorporatit in 1956 *[[Tustin, Californie|Tustin]], incorporatit in 1927 *[[Villa Park, Californie|Villa Park]], incorporatit in 1962 *[[Westminster, Californie|Westminster]], incorporatit in 1957 *[[Yorba Linda]], incorporatit in 1967 {{multicol-end}} ===Unincorporatit commonties=== {{See also|Leet o neebourheids an unincorporatit commonties in Orange Coonty}} These commonties are ootside o ceety limits in [[unincorporatit aurie|unincorporatit]] coonty territory: {{Div col}} *[[Coto de Caza, Californie|Coto de Caza]] * Cowan Heights *Emerald Bay *[[Ladera Ranch, Californie|Ladera Ranch]] *[[Las Flores, Californie|Las Flores]] * Lemon Heights *[[Midway City, Californie|Midway City]] *[[Modjeska Canyon, Californie|Modjeska Canyon]] *[[North Tustin, Californie|North Tustin]] *[[Orange Park Acres, Californie|Orange Park Acres]] *[[Rancho Mission Viejo]] *Red Hill *[[Rossmoor, Californie|Rossmoor]] *[[Silverado, Californie|Silverado]] *[[Trabuco Canyon, Californie|Trabuco Canyon]] {{Div col end}} ===Planned commonties=== Orange Coonty haes a history o lairge [[Planned commonty|planned commonties]]. Nearly 30% o the coonty wis creatit as master planned commonties, the maist notable bein the [[Irvine, Californie|City of Irvine]], [[Coto de Caza]], [[Anaheim Hills]], [[Tustin Ranch]], [[Tustin Legacy]], [[Ladera Ranch]], [[Talega]], [[Rancho Santa Margarita, Californie|Rancho Santa Margarita]], an [[Mission Viejo]]. [[Irvine, Californie|Irvine]] is aften referred tae as a model maister-planned ceety, for its veelages o Woodbridge, Northwood, University Park, an Turtle Rock that wur laid oot bi the [[Irvine Company]] o the mid-1960s afore it wis bocht by a group o investors that includit [[Donald Bren]]. ===Adjacent coonties=== {{Geographic location |Centre = Orange Coonty |North = [[Los Angeles Coonty]] |Northeast = [[San Bernardino Coonty]] |East = [[Riverside Coonty]] |Southeast = [[San Diego Coonty]] |South = [[Paceefic Ocean]] |Southwest = [[Paceefic Ocean]] |West = [[Paceefic Ocean]] |Northwest = [[Los Angeles Coonty]] }} ===Naitional protectit auries=== * [[Cleveland National Forest]] (pairt) * [[Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge]] ==Footnotes== {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commons category}} *[http://www.oc.ca.gov/ County of Orange] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815165300/http://oc.ca.gov/ |date=2013-08-15 }} *{{Wikivoyage-inline}} *[http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2010/08/29/us/20100830_ORANGE.html Orange County’s Changing Politics] – slideshow by ''[[The New York Times]]'' *[http://www.uscounties.org/cffiles_web/counties/county.cfm?id=6059 Orange County, California] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308051837/http://www.uscounties.org/cffiles_web/counties/county.cfm?id=6059 |date=2012-03-08 }} on [http://www.naco.org National Association Of Counties] *[http://www.imdb.com/search/text?realm=title&field=locations&q=orange+county Filming Locations in Orange County] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727064330/http://www.imdb.com/search/text?realm=title&field=locations&q=orange+county |date=2013-07-27 }} {{Ceeties o Orange Coonty, Californie}} {{Los Angeles metropolitan aurie}} {{Greater Los Angeles Area}} {{Orange County major watersheds}} {{Californie}} [[Category:Orange Coonty, Californie| ]] [[Category:Californie coonties]] [[Category:Govrenment units that hae filed for Chapter 9 bankruptcy]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1889‎]] dcgrvb3bhhkf5w4kslaing37sr0cnri 918137 918132 2026-06-17T23:39:59Z Atlantic306 30244 /* Freemit airtins */ removed red linked templates 918137 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Fixscots}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Orange Coonty, Californie | official_name = County of Orange | native_name = | other_name = | settlement_type = [[Coonty (Unitit States)|Coonty]] | image_skyline = CDM Newport Beach 2013 Photo Don Ramey Logan.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Aerial view of the coast of [[Newport Beach, California|Newport Beach]] in May 2005. | image_flag = Flag of Orange County, California.svg | flag_size = | image_seal = Seal of Orange County, California.svg | seal_size = | named_for = Orange groves that wur ance plentiful in the aurie | subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] | subdivision_name = {{nowrap|{{flag|Unitit States}}}} | subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Californie}} ---- | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = [[Greater Los Angeles Area]] | seat_type = [[Coonty seat]] | seat = {{flagicon image|Flag of Santa Ana, California.svg}} [[Santa Ana, Californie|Santa Ana]] | parts_type = Lairgest ceety | parts = {{flagicon image|Flag of Anaheim, California (2018–present).svg}} [[Anaheim]] | unit_pref = US | area_total_sq_mi = 947.98 | area_land_sq_mi = 789.40 | area_water_sq_mi = 158.57 | elevation_max_footnotes = | elevation_max_ft = | elevation_min_footnotes = | elevation_min_ft = | population_as_of = 2010 Census | population_total = 3010232 | population_density_sq_mi = 3813.3 | population_demonym = Orange Countian | established_title = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] | established_date = March 11, 1889 | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | timezone = [[Paceefic Staundart Time]] | utc_offset = -8 | timezone_DST = [[Paceefic Daylicht Time]] | utc_offset_DST = -7 | postal_code_type = <!--[[ZIP Code]]--> | postal_code = | area_codes = 562, 714, 949 | image_map = Map of California highlighting Orange County.svg | mapsize = 200px | map_caption = Location in the state o Californie | image_map1 = Map of USA CA.svg | mapsize1 = 200px | map_caption1 = Californie's location in the [[Unitit States]] | image_map1 = OrangeCountyCA Map.gif | mapsize1 = 200px | map_caption1 = Ceeties in Orange Coonty | website = {{URL|http://www.ocgov.com|www.OCGov.com}} | footnotes = }} '''Orange Coonty''' is a [[coonty (Unitit States)|coonty]] in the [[U.S. state]] o [[Californie]]. Its [[coonty seat]] is [[Santa Ana, Californie|Santa Ana]]. As o the 2010 census, its population wis 3,010,232, makkin it the third maist populous coonty in Californie, ahint [[Los Angeles Coonty]] an [[San Diego Coonty]], an the seicont maist populous in the [[Greater Los Angeles Area]], efter Los Angeles Coonty.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/maps/california_map.html |title=California County QuickFacts from the U.S. Census Bureau |publisher=Quickfacts.census.gov |date= |accessdate=2013-05-14 |archive-date=2011-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104034024/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/maps/california_map.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is the [[Leet o the maist populous counties in the Unitit States|saxt maist populous coonty]] in the [[Unitit States]] as o 2009 while at the same time is the smallest area-wise county in [[Soothren Californie]], bein roughly hauf the size o the next smawest coonty, [[Ventura Coonty|Ventura]]. It is the seicont-maist densely populatit coonty in the state, seicont anerly tae [[San Francisco]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usa.com/rank/california-state--population-density--county-rank.htm |title=California Population Density County Rank |publisher=USA.com |date= |accessdate=2013-08-14 |archive-date=2013-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814084054/http://www.usa.com/rank/california-state--population-density--county-rank.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> The coonty is famous for its tourism, as the hame o such attractions as [[Disneyland]] an [[Knott's Berry Farm]], an several beaches alang its mair nor {{convert|40|mi|km|0}} o coastline. It is kent for its [[affluence]] an poleetical [[Conservatism in the Unitit States|conservatism]] – a 2005 academic study leetit three Orange Coonty ceeties as bein amang Americae's 25 "maist conservative," makkin it ane o twa coonties in the kintra containin mair nor ane such ceety ([[Maricopa Coonty]], [[Arizona]], haes three ceeties on the leet an aw).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://govpro.com/content/gov_imp_31439/ |title=Study ranks America's most liberal and conservative cities |publisher=Govpro.com |date=2005-08-16 |accessdate=2010-07-22 |archive-date=2012-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722203607/http://govpro.com/content/gov_imp_31439/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is part of the [[Tech Coast]]. Orange Coonty wis at the time the lairgest American coonty tae hae [[:en:Chapter 9, Title 11, United States Code|gone bankrupt]], when in 1994 langtime treasurer [[Robert Citron]]'s investment strategies left the coonty wi inadequate caipital tae allou for ony rise in interest rates for its tradin positions. When the residents o Orange Coonty votit doun a proposal tae raise taxes in order tae balance the budget, bankruptcy follaeed suin efter. Citron later pleadit guilty tae sax felonies regardin the matter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allbusiness.com/personal-finance/740233.html |title=Losing your tail on the repo market: The story of Robert Citron |publisher=The Arbitrageur |date= |accessdate=1998-03-22}}</ref> Whareas maist population centers in the Unitit States tend tae be identifee'd bi a major ceety, thare is no defined urban centre in Orange Coonty (it is sometimes considered pairt o baith the Los Angeles an San Diego metro auries). It is maistly suburban except for some tradeetionally urban auries at the centres o the aulder ceeties o [[Anaheim]], [[Fullerton, Californie|Fullerton]], [[Huntington Beach]], [[Orange, Californie|Orange]], an [[Santa Ana, Californie|Santa Ana]]. Thare are several [[edge ceety]]-style developments such as Irvine Business Center, [[Newport Center]], an South Coast Metro. The ceety o Santa Ana serves as the govrenmental centre o the coonty, or coonty seat, Anaheim as its main tourist destination, an [[Irvine, Californie|Irvine]] as its major business an financial hub. Aw o these three Orange Coonty ceeties hae populations exceedin 200,000. Thirty-fower [[Incorporatit place|incorporatit]] ceeties are locatit in Orange Coonty; the newest is [[Aliso Viejo]], which wis incorporatit in 2001. Anaheim wis the first ceety incorporatit in Orange Coonty, in 1870 when the region wis still pairt o neebourin Los Angeles Coonty. ==Geografie== ===Incorporatit ceeties=== As o August 2006, Orange Coonty haes 34 incorporatit ceeties. The auldest is Anaheim (1870) an the newest is Aliso Viejo (2001). {{multicol}} *[[Aliso Viejo]], incorporatit in 2001 *[[Anaheim]], incorporatit in 1870 *[[Brea, Californie|Brea]], incorporatit in 1917 *[[Buena Park, Californie|Buena Park]], incorporatit in 1953 *[[Costa Mesa]], incorporatit in 1953 *[[Cypress, Californie|Cypress]], incorporatit in 1956 *[[Dana Point]], incorporatit in 1989 *[[Fountain Valley, Californie|Fountain Valley]], incorporatit in 1957 *[[Fullerton, Californie|Fullerton]], incorporatit in 1904 *[[Garden Grove, Californie|Garden Grove]], incorporatit in 1956 *[[Huntington Beach]], incorporatit in 1909 *[[Irvine, Californie|Irvine]], incorporatit in 1971 *[[La Habra]], incorporatit in 1925 *[[La Palma, Californie|La Palma]], incorporatit in 1955 *[[Laguna Beach]], incorporatit in 1927 *[[Laguna Hills]], incorporatit in 1991 *[[Laguna Niguel]], incorporatit in 1989 {{multicol-break}} *[[Laguna Woods]], incorporatit in 1999 *[[Lake Forest, Californie|Lake Forest]], incorporatit in 1991 *[[Los Alamitos, Californie|Los Alamitos]], incorporatit in 1960 *[[Mission Viejo, Californie|Mission Viejo]], incorporatit in 1988 *[[Newport Beach]], incorporatit in 1906 *[[Orange, Californie|Orange]], incorporatit in 1888 *[[Placentia, Californie|Placentia]], incorporatit in 1926 *[[Rancho Santa Margarita, Californie|Rancho Santa Margarita]], incorporatit in 2000 *[[San Clemente, Californie|San Clemente]], incorporatit in 1928 *[[San Juan Capistrano]], incorporatit in 1961 *[[Santa Ana, Californie|Santa Ana]], incorporatit in 1886 *[[Seal Beach]], incorporatit in 1915 *[[Stanton, Californie|Stanton]], incorporatit in 1956 *[[Tustin, Californie|Tustin]], incorporatit in 1927 *[[Villa Park, Californie|Villa Park]], incorporatit in 1962 *[[Westminster, Californie|Westminster]], incorporatit in 1957 *[[Yorba Linda]], incorporatit in 1967 {{multicol-end}} ===Unincorporatit commonties=== {{See also|Leet o neebourheids an unincorporatit commonties in Orange Coonty}} These commonties are ootside o ceety limits in [[unincorporatit aurie|unincorporatit]] coonty territory: {{Div col}} *[[Coto de Caza, Californie|Coto de Caza]] * Cowan Heights *Emerald Bay *[[Ladera Ranch, Californie|Ladera Ranch]] *[[Las Flores, Californie|Las Flores]] * Lemon Heights *[[Midway City, Californie|Midway City]] *[[Modjeska Canyon, Californie|Modjeska Canyon]] *[[North Tustin, Californie|North Tustin]] *[[Orange Park Acres, Californie|Orange Park Acres]] *[[Rancho Mission Viejo]] *Red Hill *[[Rossmoor, Californie|Rossmoor]] *[[Silverado, Californie|Silverado]] *[[Trabuco Canyon, Californie|Trabuco Canyon]] {{Div col end}} ===Planned commonties=== Orange Coonty haes a history o lairge [[Planned commonty|planned commonties]]. Nearly 30% o the coonty wis creatit as master planned commonties, the maist notable bein the [[Irvine, Californie|City of Irvine]], [[Coto de Caza]], [[Anaheim Hills]], [[Tustin Ranch]], [[Tustin Legacy]], [[Ladera Ranch]], [[Talega]], [[Rancho Santa Margarita, Californie|Rancho Santa Margarita]], an [[Mission Viejo]]. [[Irvine, Californie|Irvine]] is aften referred tae as a model maister-planned ceety, for its veelages o Woodbridge, Northwood, University Park, an Turtle Rock that wur laid oot bi the [[Irvine Company]] o the mid-1960s afore it wis bocht by a group o investors that includit [[Donald Bren]]. ===Adjacent coonties=== {{Geographic location |Centre = Orange Coonty |North = [[Los Angeles Coonty]] |Northeast = [[San Bernardino Coonty]] |East = [[Riverside Coonty]] |Southeast = [[San Diego Coonty]] |South = [[Paceefic Ocean]] |Southwest = [[Paceefic Ocean]] |West = [[Paceefic Ocean]] |Northwest = [[Los Angeles Coonty]] }} ===Naitional protectit auries=== * [[Cleveland National Forest]] (pairt) * [[Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge]] ==Footnotes== {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commons category}} *[http://www.oc.ca.gov/ County of Orange] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815165300/http://oc.ca.gov/ |date=2013-08-15 }} *{{Wikivoyage-inline}} *[http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2010/08/29/us/20100830_ORANGE.html Orange County’s Changing Politics] – slideshow by ''[[The New York Times]]'' *[http://www.uscounties.org/cffiles_web/counties/county.cfm?id=6059 Orange County, California] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308051837/http://www.uscounties.org/cffiles_web/counties/county.cfm?id=6059 |date=2012-03-08 }} on [http://www.naco.org National Association Of Counties] *[http://www.imdb.com/search/text?realm=title&field=locations&q=orange+county Filming Locations in Orange County] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727064330/http://www.imdb.com/search/text?realm=title&field=locations&q=orange+county |date=2013-07-27 }} [[Category:Orange Coonty, Californie| ]] [[Category:Californie coonties]] [[Category:Govrenment units that hae filed for Chapter 9 bankruptcy]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1889‎]] reftjtc9swn06eh9kd68sm0yr9tbm3h 0 143162 918139 918051 2026-06-18T04:09:38Z CommonsDelinker 411 Removin' "Skyline_of_Sanchong,_New_Taipei_2024.jpg", it haes bin deletit frum Commons by [[commons:User:Krd|Krd]] coz: No permission since 10 June 2026. 918139 wikitext text/x-wiki Determinin the '''warld's lairgest ceeties''' depends on which definitions o [[ceety]] are uised. The [[Unitit Naitions]] uises three definitions for whit constitutes a ceety, as nae aw ceeties mey be clessifee'd uisin the same criteria.<ref name="UNICEF"/> Ceeties mey be defined bi the extent o thair urban aurie, the metropolitan region, an the ceety proper.<ref name="UNICEF">{{cite web|url=http://www.unicef.org/sowc2012/statistics.php|title=SOWC-2012-DEFINITIONS|publisher=[[UNICEF]]|accessdate=January 29, 2014|archive-date=2013-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208114052/http://www.unicef.org/sowc2012/statistics.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Leet== {| class="sortable wikitable" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center; background:#FFFFF;" |- !Ceety !Kintra !Image !Ceety Proper Population !Urban Aurie Population<ref name=Demographia>{{cite book|author1=Demographia|title=Demographia World Urban Areas|date=January 2015|edition=11th|url=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|accessdate=2 March 2015}}</ref> !Metropolitan Aurie Population |- | [[Shanghai]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:PudongSkyline-pjt (cropped).jpg|125px]] | {{nts|24256800}}<ref name="shanghai bulletin2014">{{cite web|url = http://www.stats-sh.gov.cn/sjfb/201502/277392.html|trans-title = Shanghai Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin 2014|script-title = zh:2014年上海市国民经济和社会发展统计公报|publisher = Shanghai Bureau of Statistics|language = Chinese|date = 2015-02-28|accessdate = 2015-05-01|archive-date = 2015-03-09|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150309200433/http://www.stats-sh.gov.cn/sjfb/201502/277392.html|url-status = dead}}</ref> | {{nts|23416000}}{{refn |group=lower-alpha |Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Ningbo, Changzhou, Shaoxing, an urban aurie o Zhangjiaggang-Jiangyin within the prefectur-level ceeties o Suzhou an Wuxi are treatit as separate urban auries which constitute the [[Yangtze River Delta]] economic zone. [[Huai'an]] (1,856,000; 148&nbsp;km²), [[Xuzhou]] (1,246,000; 233&nbsp;km²), [[Nantong]] (1,036,000; 233&nbsp;km²), [[Lianyungang]] (985,000; 155&nbsp;km²), [[Zhenjiang]] (983,000; 168&nbsp;km²), [[Yancheng]] (797,000; 207&nbsp;km²), [[Huzhou]] (690,000; 111&nbsp;km²), [[Taizhou, Jiangsu|Taizhou]] (in [[Jiangsu]] Province; 300,000; 117&nbsp;km²) an [[Suqian]] (220,000; 36&nbsp;km²), as well as urban auries o [[Yangzhou]] (1,593,000; 233&nbsp;km²) an [[Gaoyou]] (180,000; 39&nbsp;km²) within the prefectur-level ceety o [[Yangzhou]], urban auries o [[Kunshan]] (1,596,000; 492&nbsp;km²), [[Changshu]] (1,139,000; 285&nbsp;km²) an [[Taicang]] (523,000; 117&nbsp;km²) within the prefectur-level ceety o Suzhou, urban auries o [[Cixi Ceety|Cixi]] (1,200,000; 298&nbsp;km²) an [[Yuyao]] (650,000; 122&nbsp;km²) within the sub-provincial ceety o Ningbo, urban auries o [[Jiaxing]] (1,044,000; 259&nbsp;km²) an [[Tongxiang]] (510,000; 52&nbsp;km²) within the prefectur-level ceety o Jiaxing, urban auries o [[Wenling]] (510,000; 52&nbsp;km²), [[Jiaojiang Destrict|Jiaojiang]] (375,000; 41&nbsp;km²) an [[Huangyan Deestrict|Huangyan]] (200,000; 34&nbsp;km²) within the prefectur-level ceety o [[Taizhou, Zhejiang|Taizhou]] (in [[Zhejiang]] Province), urban auries o [[Zhuji]] (500,000; 117&nbsp;km²) and [[Shangyu]] (400,000; 158&nbsp;km²) within the prefectur-level ceety o Shaoxing, urban auries o [[Yiwu]]-[[Dongyang]] (925,000; 233&nbsp;km²), [[Jinhua]] (520,000; 186&nbsp;km²), [[Yongkang, Zhejiang|Yongkang]] (500,000; 223&nbsp;km²), [[Dongyang]] (260,000; 104&nbsp;km²) an [[Lanxi, Zhejiang|Lanxi]] (220,000; 34&nbsp;km²) within the prefectur-level ceety o Jinhua, an urban aurie o [[Fuyang, Zhejiang|Fuyang]] (450,000; 49&nbsp;km²) within the sub-provincial ceety o Hangzhou are an aa excludit.}} | {{nts|24750000}}<ref name="en.ndrc.gov.cn">[http://en.ndrc.gov.cn/ National Development and Reform Commission (PRC)]</ref> |- | [[Beijing]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:view of Beijing.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|21516000}}<ref name="beijing bulletin2014">{{cite web |url=http://www.bjstats.gov.cn/xwgb/tjgb/ndgb/201502/t20150211_288370.htm |trans-title=Beijing Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin 2014 |script-title=zh:北京市2014年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |publisher=Beijing Bureau of Statistics |language=Chinese |date=12 February 2015 |accessdate=1 May 2015 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225054943/http://www.bjstats.gov.cn/xwgb/tjgb/ndgb/201502/t20150211_288370.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{nts|21009000}} | {{nts|21148000}}<ref name="2013 Beijing Stats">(Chinese) [http://www.bjstats.gov.cn/xwgb/tjgb/ndgb/201402/t20140213_267744.htm 国家统计局北京调查总队, "北京市2013年国民经济和社会发展统计公报", 北京市统计局] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310101546/http://www.bjstats.gov.cn/xwgb/tjgb/ndgb/201402/t20140213_267744.htm |date=2014-03-10 }} 2014-02-13</ref> |- | [[São Paulo]] | {{BRA}} | [[File:Ponte estaiada Octavio Frias - Sao Paulo.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|21,292,893}}<ref name="brazil1">{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Estimativas_de_Populacao/Estimativas_2014/estimativa_dou_2014.pdf|title=2014 Brazilian Cities Population Estimates|publisher=[[Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics|IBGE]]|language=Portuguese|accessdate=October 2, 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|20365000}} | {{nts|36842102}}<ref name="brazil2">{{cite web|url=http://saladeimprensa.ibge.gov.br/en/noticias?view=noticia&id=1&idnoticia=2704&busca=1&t=ibge-releases-population-estimates-of-municipalities-in-2014|title=IBGE releases population estimates of municipalities in 2016|date=August 28, 2014|publisher=[[Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística|IBGE]]|accessdate=4 September 2014|archive-date=2019-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106102124/https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | [[Karachi]] | {{PAK}} | [[File:Karachi Clifton Skyline.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|21000000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Pakistan-100T.html|title=Major Cities|website=http://www.citypopulation.de|publisher=Thomas Brinkhoff|accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref> | {{nts|22123000}} | |- | [[Delhi]] | {{IND}} | [[File:LotusDelhi.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|16,787,941}}<ref>{{cite web|title=India: Delhi|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/India-Delhi.html|website=citypopulation.de|publisher=citypopulation.de|accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref> | {{nts|24998000}} | {{nts|21753486}}<ref name=indiacensus/> |- | [[Lagos]] | {{NGR}} | [[File:Lagos Island.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|16060303}}{{refn|group=note|Lagos conseests 16 oot o Lagos State's 20 LGA, which excludes: [[Badagry]], [[Epe, Lagos State|Epe]], [[Ibeju-Lekki]] an [[Ikorodu]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pagelinks.php?p=6 | title=Population-Lagos State | publisher=[[Lagos State Government]] | accessdate=21 February 2016 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018094514/http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pagelinks.php?p=6 | archive-date=2015-10-18 | url-status=dead }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pagelinks.php?p=6 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-05-20 |archive-date=2015-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018094514/http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pagelinks.php?p=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://ng.boell.org/2015/07/02/lagos-and-its-potentials-economic-growth | title=Lagos and Its Potentials for Economic Growth | date=2 July 2015 | accessdate=26 October 2015}}</ref>}} | {{nts|13123000}} | {{nts|21000000}}<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pagelinks.php?p=6 | title=Population | publisher=Lagos State Government | accessdate=30 March 2015 | archive-date=2015-10-18 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018094514/http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pagelinks.php?p=6 | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | [[Istanbul]] | {{TUR}} | [[File:Halic.png|125px]] | {{nts|14,657,000}}<ref name="ReferenceA">Turkish Statistical Institute - Address Based Population Record System, 2015</ref> | {{nts|15,328,000}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | {{nts|16,703,000}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> |- | [[Tokyo]] | {{JPN}} | [[File:Skyscrapers of Shinjuku 2009 January (revised).jpg|125px]] | {{nts|13,297,629}}<ref>{{cite web|title=「東京都の人口（推計）」の概要（平成26年2月1日現在） (2014)|url=http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/INET/CHOUSA/2014/02/60o2r100.htm|work=Tokyo Metropolitan Government (JPN)|accessdate=20 March 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053154/http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/INET/CHOUSA/2014/02/60o2r100.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> |{{nts|37843000}} |{{nts|36923000}}<ref name="japan1">{{cite web|url=http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c0117.htm|title=Table 2.10 Population of Three Major Metropolitan Areas|publisher=Statistics Bureau of Japan|accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref> |- | [[Mumbai]] | {{IND}} | [[File:Mumbai 03-2016 10 skyline of Lotus Colony.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|12478447}}<ref name="indiacensus">{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|publisher=Census of India|title=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011|accessdate=2011-10-18}}</ref> | {{nts|17712000}} | {{nts|20748395}}<ref name=indiacensus/> |- | [[Moscow]] | {{RUS}} | | {{nts|12,197,596}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/Popul2015.xls|title=RUSSIA: Moscow|publisher=mos.ru|accessdate=2015|archive-date=2015-03-18|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6X7bLwvum?url=http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/Popul2015.xls|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|16170000}} | |- | [[Shenzhen]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Shenzhen CBD and River.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|10780000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.sz.gov.cn/gi/|title=Shenzhen Statistics|publisher=Shenzhen Government Online|accessdate=2015|archive-date=2017-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525115028/http://english.sz.gov.cn/gi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|12084000}} | {{nts|10630000}}<ref>[http://english.sz.gov.cn/gi/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525115028/http://english.sz.gov.cn/gi/ |date=2017-05-25 }}</ref> |- | [[Jakarta]] | {{IDN}} | [[File:Jakarta Panorama.jpg|125x125px]] | {{nts|10,075,310}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://data.jakarta.go.id/dataset/data-jumlah-penduduk-dki-jakarta |title=Data Jumlah Penduduk DKI Jakarta (2014) |work=Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Provinsi DKI Jakarta |accessdate=5 December 2015 |archive-date=2015-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208094445/http://data.jakarta.go.id/dataset/data-jumlah-penduduk-dki-jakarta |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{nts|30539000}} |{{nts|10075310}}<ref name="Data.jakarta.go.id">{{Cite web | url=http://data.jakarta.go.id/dataset/data-jumlah-penduduk-dki-jakarta | title=Data Jumlah Penduduk DKI Jakarta (2014) | date= | accessdate=5 December 2015 | website=Data.jakarta.go.id - Jakarta Open Data | publisher=Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta | last= | first= | archive-date=2015-12-08 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208094445/http://data.jakarta.go.id/dataset/data-jumlah-penduduk-dki-jakarta | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | [[Seoul]] | {{KOR}} | [[File:View of YangJe-Cheon.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|10,048,593}}<ref name="seoul">{{cite web|url=http://stat.seoul.go.kr/Seoul_System5.jsp?stc_cd=418|title=Seoul Statistics.|publisher=Seoul Metropolitan Government|accessdate=3 December 2015|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220844/http://stat.seoul.go.kr/Seoul_System5.jsp?stc_cd=418|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|23480000}} |{{nts|25620000}}<ref name="korea1">{{cite web|url=http://rcps.egov.go.kr:8081/jsp/stat/ppl_stat_jf.jsp|script-title=ko:통계표명 : 주민등록 인구통계|publisher=Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs|language=Korean|accessdate=4 April 2015|archive-date=2011-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303195830/http://rcps.egov.go.kr:8081/jsp/stat/ppl_stat_jf.jsp|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | [[Guangzhou]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Guangzhou skyline.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|9865702}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gzstats.gov.cn/tjgb/glpcgb/201105/t20110517_25227.htm|title=广州市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报|publisher=China National Census|accessdate=9 May 2014|archive-date=2019-01-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107053144/http://www.gzstats.gov.cn/gzstats/error404.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|20597000}} |{{nts|23900000}}<ref>http://data.gzstats.gov.cn/gzStat1/chaxun/njsj.jsp {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214182656/http://data.gzstats.gov.cn/gzStat1/chaxun/njsj.jsp |date=2009-12-14 }}</ref> |- | [[Kinshasa]] |{{COD}} | [[File:Kinshasa-Gombe, from CCIC.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|9,735,000}}<ref name="demographia">{{cite web|title=Demographia World Urban Areas (2014)|url=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|publisher=Demographia|accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Evenements: "Avec une population de 9,5 millions, Kinshasa est la troisième plus grande ville sur le continent africain, de taille égale à Johannesburg. Le Kinois (habitants de Kinshasa) sont connus pour leur sens de l'humour, leur musique et leur amour pour la danse."(2013)|url=http://www.kinshasa.cd/|publisher=Ville de Kinshasa|access-date=2016-05-20|archive-date=2001-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011027044821/http://www.kinshasa.cd/|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{full|date=March 2014}} | {{nts|11587000}} | |- | [[Cairo]] | {{EGY}} | [[File:Kairo 001.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|9,278,441}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Egypt|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Egypt-Cities.html|website=citypopulation.de|accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref> | | |- | [[Mexico Ceety]] | {{MEX}} | [[File:Ciudad.de.Mexico.City.Distrito.Federal.DF.Paseo.Reforma.Skyline.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8874724}}<ref>{{cite web|title=MEXICO: Mexico City (2014)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/mexico-mexicocity.php|work=CityPopulation.De|accessdate=15 March 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|20063000}} |{{nts|21178959}}<ref name="conapomex">{{cite web|url=http://www.conapo.gob.mx/work/models/CONAPO/Resource/1206/2/images/Proyecciones_de_Poblacion_ZM.xlsx|title=Proyecciones de la Población de las Zonas Metropolitanas, 2010-2030|publisher=CONAPO|language=Spanish|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref> |- | [[Lima]] | {{PER}} | [[File:City_of_Lima,_Peru.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8693387}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.larepublica.pe/17-01-2014/inei-lima-tiene-8-millones-693-mil-387-habitantes|title=PERU: Lima population|publisher=La Republica}}</ref> | {{nts|10750000}} |{{nts|9886647}}<ref name="peru2">{{cite web |url=http://es.scribd.com/doc/189489690/Peru-Estimaciones-y-Proyecciones-de-Poblacion-Total-por-Sexo-de-las-Principales-Ciudades-2000-2015|title=PERÚ: ESTIMACIONES Y PROYECCIONES DE POBLACIÓN TOTAL POR SEXO DE LAS PRINCIPALES CIUDADES|publisher=Scribd|work=Instituto Nacional de Estadistica e Informatica (INEI)|page=32|language=Spanish|date=March 2012|accessdate=28 October 2015}}</ref> |- | [[Lunnon]] | {{UK}} | [[File:Canary Wharf Skyline 2, London UK - Oct 2012.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8538689}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Population Estimates for UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, Mid-2014|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-368259|publisher=[[Office for National Statistics|ONS]]|date=25 June 2015|accessdate=18 October 2015|archive-date=2015-12-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151217200316/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm:77-368259|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|10236000}} |{{nts|14031830}}<ref name="euro1"/> |- | [[New York Ceety|New York]] | {{USA}} | [[File:LowerManhattanSept2013.png|125px]] | {{nts|8491079}}<ref name="United States">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk|title=Census Estimates (2014)|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=26 March 2015|archive-date=2015-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521091454/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|20630000}} |{{nts|20092883}}<ref name="us1">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 - United States -- Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico more information. 2014 Population Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division|accessdate=28 March 2015|archive-date=2015-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521091454/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | [[Bengaluru]] | {{IND}} | [[File:UB City.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8425970}}<ref name=indiacensus/> | {{nts|9807000}} |{{nts|8728906}}<ref name=indiacensus/> |- | [[Bangkok]] | {{THA}} | [[File:The Baiyoke Tower II in Bangkok, Thailand.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8280925}}<ref name="2010 census 1">{{cite web|title=Table 1 Population by sex, household type and household by type, average size of private household by region and area: 2010 |url=http://service.nso.go.th/nso/nso_center/project/table/files/C-pop/2553/000/00_C-pop_2553_000_010000_00100.xls |publisher=National Statistics Office|work=Statistic tables, NSO website|accessdate=18 September 2012}}</ref> | {{nts|14998000}} |{{nts|8305218}}<ref>http://service.nso.go.th/nso/nso_center/project/table/files/C-pop/2553/000/00_C-pop_2553_000_010000_00100.xls</ref> |- | [[Dongguan]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Dongguan -03.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8220207}}<ref>{{cite web|title=China – Guangdong Province (2010)|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/cn-44.aspx|publisher=GeoHive|accessdate=14 March 2014|archive-date=2016-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316085121/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/cn-44.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Chongqing]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:SkylineOfChongqing.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8189800}}{{refn |group=lower-alpha |Sum o the 2014 population estimates for the "urban-function core destrict" an "urban-function extendit destrict" o Chongqing, which war 3,677,600 an 4,512,200 respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cqtj.gov.cn/html/tjsj/tjgb/15/03/7345.html |trans-title=Chongqing Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin 2014 |script-title=zh:2014年重庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |publisher=Chongqing Bureau of Statistics |language=Chinese |date=16 March 2015 |accessdate=26 May 2015 |archive-date=2015-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523021109/http://www.cqtj.gov.cn/html/tjsj/tjgb/15/03/7345.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> See an aa the next note.}} | | |- | [[Nanjing]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Nanjingpanorama001.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8187828}}<ref name="China">{{cite web|title=Census (2014)|url=http://221.226.86.104/file/nj2004/2014/quxian/17-3.htm|publisher=Nanjing Municipal Bureru Statistucs|accessdate=19 January 2015|archive-date=2015-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203115241/http://221.226.86.104/file/nj2004/2014/quxian/17-3.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Tehran]] | {{IRN}} | [[File:North Tehran Towers.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|8154051}}<ref>{{cite web|title=IRAN: Tehran City (Census 2011)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/iran-tehrancity.php|publisher=CITY POPULATION.DE|accessdate=25 February 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|13532000}} |{{nts|14595904}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.mrud.ir/news/2220/%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%87-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C |script-title=fa:وضعیت توسعه شهری ایران نگران‌کننده است/ شهرهای اقماری تهران برای فروش حریم مسابقه گذاشته‌اند |access-date=2016-05-20 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024214/http://news.mrud.ir/news/2220/%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%87-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | [[Shenyang]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Shenyang Qingnian Street.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|8106171}}<ref name="Census2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.shenyang.gov.cn/zwgk/system/2012/09/10/010003414.shtml|title=2010年沈阳市第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报（Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China|publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China]]|access-date=2016-05-20|archive-date=2014-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140603182841/http://www.shenyang.gov.cn/zwgk/system/2012/09/10/010003414.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Bogotá]] |{{COL}} | [[File:Centro-Internacional-Bogotá.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|7776845}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/poblacion-y-demografia/proyecciones-de-poblacion|title=Estimaciones y proyecciones de hogares y viviendas|publisher=DANE (2014)|access-date=2016-05-20|archive-date=2016-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202154631/http://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/poblacion-y-demografia/proyecciones-de-poblacion|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | {{nts|7878783}}<ref name="colombia1">{{cite web|url=http://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/poblacion/proyepobla06_20/Municipal_area_1985-2020.xls|title=ESTIMACIONES DE POBLACIÓN 1985 - 2005 Y PROYECCIONES DE POBLACIÓN 2005 - 2020 TOTAL DEPARTAMENTAL POR ÁREA|publisher=[[National Administrative Department of Statistics|DANE]]|language=Spanish|accessdate=21 September 2015}}</ref> |- | [[Ho Chi Minh Ceety]] |{{VIE}} | [[File:Một khúc sông Sài Gòn.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|7681700}}<ref name="vietnam1">{{cite web|url=http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=467&idmid=3&ItemID=14457|title=Average population by province|publisher=General Statistics Office Of Vietnam|accessdate=2012}}</ref> | | |- | [[Ningbo]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Juncture_of_three_main_rivers_in_Ningbo_China.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|7605689}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2011/8/15/art_421_488260.html|title=Ningbo 2011 population report issued|publisher=Ningbo Municipal People's Government|access-date=2016-05-20|archive-date=2015-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208094414/http://english.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2011/8/15/art_421_488260.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Hong Kong]] |{{HK}} | [[File:Hong Kong view from The Peak 01.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|7298600}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hkstat/sub/bbs.jsp|title=Hong Kong Statistics|publisher=Census and Statistics Department. The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region|accessdate=4 December 2015}}</ref> | | {{nts|7331699}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hkstat/sub/so20.jsp |title=Population - Overview |work=[[Census and Statistics Department (Hong Kong)]]|date=25 November 2015}}</ref> |- | [[Baghdad]] |{{IRQ}} | [[File:Haifa street, as seen from the medical city hospital across the tigres.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|7180889}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Demographic Statistics of Iraq (2009)|url=http://cosit.gov.iq/en/population-manpower-staatistics/life|work=Central Statistical Government of Iraq|accessdate=5 March 2014|archive-date=2014-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305055657/http://cosit.gov.iq/en/population-manpower-staatistics/life|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- |[[Changsha]] |{{CHN}} | [[File:The Huángxīng Lù Commercial Pedestrian Street in Changsha.jpg|125px]] |{{nts|7044118}} | | |- | [[Dhaka]] |{{BAN}} | [[File:Dhaka-skyline-aymash.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6970105}}<ref name="bangladesh1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbs.gov.bd/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/National%20Reports/Union%20Statistics.pdf|title=Population & Housing Census-2011|publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]]|page=41|accessdate=20 October 2015|archive-date=2015-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208044832/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/National%20Reports/Union%20Statistics.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nts|15669000}} | {{nts|17151925}}<ref name="Census 2011">[http://www.bbs.gov.bd Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics - Community Report]</ref>{{Failed verification|date=November 2015}} |- | [[Wuhan]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:WuhanSkyline.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6886253}}<ref>{{cite web|title=武汉市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 (Main Data from Wuhan 2010 Census)|url=http://www.whtj.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.aspx?id=6417|publisher=Wuhan Statistics Bureau|date=10 May 2011|accessdate=31 July 2011|archive-date=2011-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111025103716/http://www.whtj.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.aspx?id=6417|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Tianjin]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:炫彩津门99海河夜景.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6859779}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2011/04/29/006466166.shtml|title=2013年天津市国民经济和社会发展统计公报数据|publisher=Enorth.com.cn|accessdate=1 March 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|10920000}} | |- | [[Hyderabad]] |{{IND}} | [[File:MindSpace campus in Hyderabad, India.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6809970}}<ref name=indiacensus/> | | {{nts|7749334}}<ref name=indiacensus/> |- | [[Hanoi]] |{{VIE}} | [[File:Hanoi Cityscape.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6844100}}<ref name="vietnam1" /> | | |- | [[Faisalabad]] |{{PAK}} | [[File:Clock_Tower_Faisalabad_by_Usman_Nadeem.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6480765}}<ref>http://phonebookoftheworld.com/faisalabad/</ref> | | |- | [[Rio de Janeiro]] |{{BRA}} | [[File:Vista aérea Centro do Rio de Janeiro RJ.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6429923}}<ref name="brazil3">{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Estimativas_de_Populacao/Estimativas_2013/estimativa_2013_dou.pdf|title=ESTIMATIVAS DA POPULAÇÃO RESIDENTE NOS MUNICÍPIOS BRASILEIROS COM DATA DE REFERÊNCIA EM 1º DE JULHO DE 2013|publisher=[[Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística|IBGE]]|language=Portuguese|accessdate=31 August 2013}}</ref> | {{nts|11727000}} | {{nts|11973505}}<ref name="brazil1"/> |- | [[Foshan]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Downtown of Guicheng.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|6151622}}<ref>{{cite web|title=佛山2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报[1]|url=http://fs.house.sina.com.cn/news/2011-05-16/094028198.shtml|work=City of Foshan|accessdate=30 January 2014|archive-date=2014-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202204550/http://fs.house.sina.com.cn/news/2011-05-16/094028198.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Districts of Changcheng, Nanhai, Shunde; see [[Foshan#Administration]]</ref> | | |- | [[Zunyi]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Zunyi.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|6127009}} | | |- | [[Santiago]] |{{CHI}} | [[File:Santiago de Chile.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5743719}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Chile – Santiago (Census 2012)|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/chile.aspx|accessdate=1 March 2014}}</ref> | | {{nts|6683852}}<ref name="santiago1">{{cite web|url=http://www.censo.cl/2012/08/resultados_preliminares_censo_2012.pdf|title=Región Metropolitana de Santiago|publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas|language=Spanish|accessdate=22 December 2012|archive-date=2013-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124152651/http://www.censo.cl/2012/08/resultados_preliminares_censo_2012.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | [[Riyadh]] |{{KSA}} | [[File:Riyadh 1337.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5676621}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Composition of Population (2012)|url=http://www.arriyadh.com/openshare/Eng/ADA/Content/ADA-Public/Investment_Arriyadh_2013.pdf|work=Arriyadh Development Authority|accessdate=4 March 2014|archive-date=2013-08-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823065650/http://www.arriyadh.com/openshare/Eng/ADA/Content/ADA-Public/Investment_Arriyadh_2013.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Ahmedabad]] |{{IND}} | [[File:Amdavad Aerial.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5570585}}<ref name=indiacensus/> | | {{nts|6352254}}<ref name=indiacensus/> |- | [[Singapore]] |{{SIN}} | [[File:Singapore CBD skyline from Esplanade at dusk.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5535000}}<ref name="singpop1">{{cite web|url=http://www.singstat.gov.sg/statistics/latest-data|title=Population & Land Area (Mid-Year Estimates)|publisher=[[Statistics Singapore]]|accessdate=4 December 2015|archive-date=2015-11-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129094649/http://www.singstat.gov.sg/statistics/latest-data#14|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Shantou]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:China-shantou03.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5391028}}<ref>{{cite web|title=现将汕头市2010年第六次全国人口普查分区县常住人口[2]数据公布如下：|url=http://sttj.shantou.gov.cn/6rkpc/20110519.html|work=汕头市2010年第六次全国人口普查 主要数据公报[1]|accessdate=30 January 2014|archive-date=2014-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424121611/http://sttj.shantou.gov.cn/6rkpc/20110519.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Yangon]] |{{MYA}} | [[File:Downtown Yangon (2006).jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5214000}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Demographia World Urban Areas (2014)|url=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|publisher=Demographia|accessdate=11 March 2014}}</ref> | | |- | [[Saunt Petersburg]] |{{RUS}} | [[File:Petersburg-square.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5191690}}<ref name="2015Est">[[Goskomstat|Rosstat]]. [http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/Popul2015.xls Оценка численности постоянного населения на 1 января 2015 г.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402190432/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/Popul2015.xls |date=2015-04-02 }} {{ru icon}}</ref> | | |- | [[Chennai]] |{{IND}} | [[File:MGR Memorial 9 December 2007.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4792949}}<ref name="2011city">{{cite web|title=Cities having population 1 lakh and above|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|work=censusindia|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|accessdate=18 October 2011}}</ref> | | {{nts|8917749}}<ref name=indiacensus/> |- | [[Abidjan]] |{{CIV}} | [[File:Plateau Centre-est.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4765000}}<ref name="demographia"/> | | |- | [[Chengdu]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Jiuyanqiao.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4741929}}<ref name="2010census">{{cite web|url=http://www.chengdu.gov.cn/govAffairInfo/detail.jsp?id=425258|script-title=zh:我市2010年第六次全国人口普查数据公报 |publisher=Government of Chengdu|date=2011-05-13|language=Chinese|accessdate=2011-08-04}}</ref> | {{nts|10376000}} | |- | [[Alexandria]] |{{EGY}} | [[File:Alexandria - Egypt.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4616625}}<ref name="Capmas2013">{{cite web|url=http://www.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/Electronic%20Static%20Book2013/english/population/untitled1/pop.aspx|title=Estimated Population by Governorate|publisher=[[CAPMAS]]|accessdate=September 2013|archive-date=2013-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231000306/http://www.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/Electronic%20Static%20Book2013/english/population/untitled1/pop.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Kolkata]] |{{IND}} | [[File:Victoria_Memorial_Kolkata_panorama.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4486679}}<ref name=indiacensus/> | {{nts|14667000}} | {{nts|14617882}}<ref name=indiacensus/> |- | [[Ankara]] |{{TUR}} | [[File:Ankara and mosque wza.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|5271000}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | {{nts|4585000}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | {{nts|4919000}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> |- | [[Xi'an]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:1 xian china wild goose pagoda view.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|4467837}}<ref>{{cite web|title=西安市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报[1]|url=http://news.163.com/11/0525/03/74SC9U2E00014AED.html|work=Chinese Census 2010|accessdate=14 March 2014|archive-date=2015-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208053640/http://news.163.com/11/0525/03/74SC9U2E00014AED.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Surat]] |{{IND}} | [[File:GauravPath1.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4462002}}<ref name=indiacensus/> | | |- | [[Johannesburg]] | {{ZAF}} | [[File:Johannesburg CBD.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4434827}}<ref name="South Africa">{{cite web|title=Census (2011)|url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/|publisher=Statistics South Africa|accessdate=23 March 2014|archive-date=2015-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116045932/http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Dar es Salaam]] |{{TZA}} | [[File:Dar es Salaam aerial.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4364541}}<ref>{{cite web|last=Pinda|first=Mizengo Peter|title=Welcome to the 2012 Tanzania Population and Housing Census WebPage.|url=http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/new.html|work=Census General Report (pdf); available by clicking “Population Distribution by Administrative Units”|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of Tanzania|accessdate=28 December 2013|archive-date=2014-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140105051305/http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/new.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Suzhou]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Panmen Scenic Area 1.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4327066}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sztjj.gov.cn/tjnj/sqsl2014.pdf|title=Suzhou (Statistics 2013)|publisher=Sztjj.gov.cn|accessdate=20 April 2014|archive-date=2014-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419145824/http://www.sztjj.gov.cn/tjnj/sqsl2014.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Harbin]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Kitayskaya_Street.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4280701}}<ref>{{cite web|title=黑龙江省2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/rkpcgb/dfrkpcgb/201202/t20120228_30390.html|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China|accessdate=3 February 2014}}</ref><ref>All city proper districts except Sōngběi; namely Dàolǐ, Nángǎng, Dàowài, Píngfáng, Xiāngfang; see [[Harbin#Administrative divisions]]</ref> | |- | [[Giza]] |{{EGY}} | [[File:Egipt 383.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|4239988}}<ref>{{cite web|title=EGYPT: Greater Cairo (2006)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/egypt-greatercairo.php|work=citypopulation.de|accessdate=20 February 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|15600000}} | |- | [[Zhengzhou]] | {{CHN}} | | {{nts|4122087}}<ref>[[Zhengzhou#Administration and demography|Sub-provincial City]] (Census 2010)</ref> | |- | [[New Taipei Ceety]] |{{TWN}} | | {{nts|3954929}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/taiwan-admin.php|title=TAIWAN: Administrative Division (Census 2013)|publisher=CityPopulation.De|accessdate=23 March 2014}}</ref> | | |- | [[Los Angeles]] | {{USA}} | [[File:LA Skyline Mountains2.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3884307}}<ref name="United States1">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk|title=Census Estimates (2012)|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=11 March 2014}}</ref> | {{nts|15058000}} |{{nts|13262220}}<ref name="us1"/> |- | [[Cape Toun]] |{{ZAF}} | [[File:Central Cape Town.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3740026}}<ref name="South Africa"/> | | |- | [[Yokohama]] |{{JPN}} | [[File:Minato Mirai In Blue.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3680267}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pref.kanagawa.jp/tokei/tokei/204/jinko.html|title=Official monthly estimated de jure population by the Kanagawa Prefectural Government (2010)|publisher=StatJapMonthlyCityYokohama|accessdate=3 March 2014|archive-date=2012-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120424041142/http://www.pref.kanagawa.jp/tokei/tokei/204/jinko.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Busan]] |{{KOR}} | [[File:August Afternoon in Haeundae 2.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3590101}}<ref name="kosispop">[http://www.mospa.go.kr/gpms/ns/mogaha/user/userlayout/bulletin/userBtView.action?userBtBean.bbsSeq=1023919&userBtBean.ctxCd=1012&userBtBean.ctxType=21010002&userBtBean.categoryCd=] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090806/http://www.mospa.go.kr/gpms/ns/mogaha/user/userlayout/bulletin/userBtView.action?userBtBean.bbsSeq=1023919&userBtBean.ctxCd=1012&userBtBean.ctxType=21010002&userBtBean.categoryCd= |date=2016-03-04 }}, Retrieved 2013-07-01.</ref> | | |- | [[Hangzhou]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Hangzhou-yellow-dragon-stad.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3560391}}<ref name="stat">{{cite web |url=http://www.hzstats.gov.cn/web/ShowNews.aspx?id=DwGeRFDvlVg= |script-title=zh:杭州市 2010年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |accessdate=2011-09-15 |date=2011-02-24 |publisher=Hangzhou Municipal Statistic Bureau |language=Chinese |archive-date=2011-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903121404/http://www.hzstats.gov.cn/web/ShowNews.aspx?id=DwGeRFDvlVg%3D |url-status=dead }}</ref> | | |- | [[Xiamen]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:View of Urban Area of Amoy from Mount Riguangyan.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3531347}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Xiamen (Sub-provincial city, Fujian)|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-admin.php?adm2id=3502|work=citypopulation.de|accessdate=4 March 2014|date=November 1, 2010}}</ref> | | |- | [[Quanzhou]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Lingshan Islamic Cemetery - city view - DSCF8486.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|3520846}}<ref>Following sections: Licheng District, Fengze District, Shishi City, Jinjiang City; see [[Quanzhou#Administrative divisions]]</ref> | | |- | [[Berlin]] |{{DEU}} | [[File:PotsdamerPlatz Vogelperspektive 2004 1.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3517424}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/pms/2014/14-02-18.pdf|title=Population of Berlin(01.01.2014)|publisher=Statistics Agency Berlin-Brandenburg|accessdate= 3 March 2014}}</ref> | | |- | [[Rawalpindi]] |{{PAK}} | [[File:AWT building.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3510000}}{{cn|date=November 2015}} | | |- | [[Jeddah]] |{{SAU}} | [[File:Jeddeh4.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3456259}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Saudi Census-2010|url=http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/yb47/Pages/MixChapter2.htm|work=Central Departament of Statistics Saudi Government|accessdate=4 March 2014|archive-date=2013-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131201022443/http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/yb47/Pages/MixChapter2.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Durban]] |{{ZAF}} | [[File:VWestDurban.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3442361}}<ref name="South Africa"/> | | |- | [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]] |{{PAK}} | [[File:Citynazimoffice.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|3429471}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-13637-Sindh-population-surges-by-81.5-pc,-households-by-83.9-pc |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-05-20 |archive-date=2015-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017232747/http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-13637-Sindh-population-surges-by-81.5-pc,-households-by-83.9-pc |url-status=dead }}</ref> | | |- | [[Kabul]] |{{AFG}} | [[File:Khair Khana in 2012.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3414100}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Afghanistan (2013)|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/afghanistan.aspx|publisher=GeoHive|accessdate=21 March 2014}}</ref> | | |- | [[Casablanca]] |{{MAR}} | [[File:CasablancaFAR.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3,359,818}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Morocco: Grand Casablanca - Settat|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/morocco-grandcasablancasettat.php|website=citypopulation.de|accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref> | | |- | [[Hefei]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Hefei Street Scene.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3352076}}<ref>{{cite web|title=合肥市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报: 合肥市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公 报[1]|url=http://wenku.baidu.com/view/5adc27c29ec3d5bbfd0a74db.html|publisher=Baidu|accessdate=15 February 2014}}</ref> | | |- | [[Pyongyang]] |{{PRK}} | [[File:0322 Pyongyang Turm der Juche Idee Aussicht.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3255388}}<ref>[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/North_Korea/2008_North_Korea_Census.pdf United Nations Statistics Division; Preliminary results of the 2008 Census of Population of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea conducted on 1–15 October 2008 ('''pdf-file''')] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325102712/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/North_Korea/2008_North_Korea_Census.pdf |date=2009-03-25 }} Retrieved on 2009-03-01.</ref> | | |- | [[Madrid]] |{{ESP}} | [[File:Gran Vía (Madrid) 1.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3207247}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Municipal Register: Last data published: Population at 1st January (2013)|url=http://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=%2Ft20%2Fe260&file=inebase&L=|publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE – Spain)|accessdate=3 March 2014|archive-date=2013-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208094936/http://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=%2Ft20%2Fe260&file=inebase&L=|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | {{nts|6378297}}<ref name="euro1">{{cite web|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=met_gind3&lang=en|title=Metropolitan regions: Demographic balance and crude rates|publisher=Eurostat|accessdate=26 January 2015}}</ref> |- | [[Peshawar]] |{{PAK}} | [[File:Khyber_pass.jpeg|125px]] | {{nts|3201000}}{{cn|date=November 2015}} | | |- | [[Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality|Ekurhuleni]] |{{ZAF}} | [[File:Germiston CBD.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3178470}}<ref name="South Africa"/> | | |- | [[Nairobi]] | {{KEN}} | [[File:NBO5.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3138369}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Kenya (Census 2009)|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/kenya.aspx|publisher=Geohive|accessdate=3 March 2014|archive-date=2014-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303020641/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/kenya.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Zhongshan]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Zhongshan City -02.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3121275}}<ref>http://www.geohive.com/cntry/cn-44.aspx {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316085121/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/cn-44.aspx |date=2016-03-16 }}</ref> | | |- | [[Pune]] |{{IND}} | [[File:AmonoraTownCentre.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3115431}}<ref name=indiacensus/> | | |- | [[Addis Ababa]] |{{ETH}} | [[File:Aerials Ethiopia 2009-08-27 15-26-13.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|3103673}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csa.gov.et/images/documents/pdf_files/nationalstatisticsabstract/2012/2012%20POPULATION.pdf|title=Population Size of Towns by Sex, Region, Zone and Wereda: July 2013|publisher=Central Statistical Agency – CSA|accessdate=July 2013|archive-date=2015-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923211418/http://www.csa.gov.et/images/documents/pdf_files/nationalstatisticsabstract/2012/2012%20POPULATION.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Jaipur]] | {{IND}} | [[File:World Trade Park Jaipur in 2012.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3073350}}<ref name=indiacensus/> | | |- | [[Buenos Aires]] |{{ARG}} | [[File:Banco de la Nación Argentina (1), AA 2014.jpg|125px]] | {{nts|3054300}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Argentina: Provinces and Agglomerations|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Argentina-Cities.html|website=citypopulation.de|accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref> | {{nts|14122000}} |{{nts|13074000}}<ref name="argentina1">{{cite web|url=http://www.censo2010.indec.gov.ar/preliminares/cuadro_totalpais.asp|title=Censo 2010. Resultados provisionales: cuadros y gráficos|publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INDEC)|language=Spanish|accessdate=22 December 2012|archive-date=2010-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101220143832/http://www.censo2010.indec.gov.ar/preliminares/cuadro_totalpais.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | [[Wenzhou]] | {{CHN}} | [[File:Vue générale de Wenzhou.JPG|125px]] | {{nts|3039439}}<ref name="Wenzhou City, in 2010 the sixth national census data bulletin">{{cite web|title=1103-浙江省温州市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报: 温州市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报|url=http://wenku.baidu.com/view/68e6f74d852458fb770b5630|publisher=Baidu|accessdate=3 March 2014|archive-date=2017-07-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711083254/https://wenku.baidu.com/view/68e6f74d852458fb770b5630|url-status=dead}}</ref> | | |- | [[Osaka]] | {{JPN}} | | | {{nts|17444000}} |{{nts|19342000}}<ref name="japan1"/> |- | [[Paris]] | {{FRA}} | | | {{nts|10858000}} |{{nts|12005077}}<ref name="euro1"/> |- | [[Manila]] | {{PHI}} | | {{nts|1652171}}<ref name="2010 census2">{{cite web|url = http://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/National%20Capital%20Region.pdf|title = Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay: as of May 1, 2010|work = 2010 Census of Population and Housing|publisher = National Statistics Office of the Republic of the Philippines|accessdate = 6 April 2012|archive-date = 2013-11-14|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131114215903/http://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/National%20Capital%20Region.pdf|url-status = dead}}</ref> | {{nts|24123000}} |{{nts|11855975}}<ref name="philippines1">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/National%20Capital%20Region.pdf|title=National Capital Region. Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay: as of May 1, 2010|work=[[Philippine Statistics Authority]]|accessdate=22 December 2012|archive-date=2013-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114215903/http://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/National%20Capital%20Region.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | [[Izmir]] | {{TUR}} | | {{nts|4168000}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | {{nts|3019000}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | {{nts|3575000}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> |- | [[Chicago]] | {{USA}} | | | |{{nts|9554598}}<ref name="us1"/> |- | [[Nagoya]] | {{JPN}} | | | {{nts|10177000}} |{{nts|9107000}}<ref name="japan1"/> |- | [[Taipei]] | {{TWN}} | [[File:Taipei Skyline 2022.06.29.jpg|125px]] | | |{{nts|7045488}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/month/m1-01.xls |title=鄉鎮市區人口及按都會區統計. |work=[[Ministry of the Interior (Republic of China)]] |date=2013 |access-date=2016-05-20 |archive-date=2014-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329071215/http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/month/m1-01.xls |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | [[Luanda]] | {{ANG}} | | | |{{nts|6542944}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Angola (2014)|url=http://www.ine.gov.ao/xeo/attachfileu.jsp?look_parentBoui=19334678&att_display=n&att_download=y|access-date=2016-05-20|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220313/http://www.ine.gov.ao/xeo/attachfileu.jsp?look_parentBoui=19334678&att_display=n&att_download=y|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Houston]] | {{USA}} | | | | {{nts|6490180}}<ref name="us1"/> |- |[[Philadelphia]] | {{USA}} | | | | {{nts|6051170}}<ref name="us1"/> |- | [[Lahore]] | {{PAK}} | [[File:Kalma Underpass1.jpg|125px]] | | {{nts|10052000}} | |} {{notelist}} ==Notes== <references group="note"/> ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Urban geografie]] 0u9imwqmu1s5p6uwc3mqimtmdcrwb6k 0 175107 918142 693631 2026-06-18T09:52:37Z ~2026-35631-69 133055 Gaelic 918142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox military person |name=Gregor MacGregor |image=General Gregor MacGregor retouched.jpg |image_size=250 |caption=General Gregor MacGregor; [[mezzotint]] bi [[Samuel William Reynolds]], efter Simon Jacques Rochard, c. 1820–35 |birth_name= Griogair MacGriogair |birth_date= {{birth date|1786|12|24|df=yes}} |birth_place=[[Stirlingshire]], Scotland, [[Kinrick o Great Breetain|Great Breetain]] |death_date= {{death date and age|1845|12|04|1786|12|24|df=yes}} |death_place = [[Caracas]], Venezuela |placeofburial=Caracas, Venezuela |placeofburial_label= Place o buirial |allegiance={{plainlist| *{{flag|Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Ireland|name=Unitit Kinrick}} (1803–10) *{{flagicon image|Flag of Venezuela (1811).svg}} Venezuela (1812) *{{flagicon image|Flag of New Granada (1811-1814).svg}} [[Unitit Provinces o New Granada|New Granada]] (1813–15, 1818–19) *{{flagu|Venezuela|1836}} (1816–17, 1839–45)}} |branch={{plainlist| *[[Breetish Airmy]] (1803–10) *[[Portuguese Airmy]] (seicontment; 1809–10) *[[Venezuelan Airmy]] (1812) *New Granadian Airmy (1813–15, 1818–19) *Venezuelan Airmy (1816–17, 1839–45)}} |serviceyears= |rank=[[Diveesional general]] (frae 1817) |servicenumber= |unit= |commands= |battles={{plainlist| *[[Peninsular War]] *[[Spaingie American wars o unthirldom]]}} |awards=[[Order o the Liberators]] (Venezuela) |spouse= |relations= |laterwork=Involved in [[Amelia Island affair]] o 1817. Claimed tae be [[Cacique|Cazique]] o Poyais frae 1821 tae 1837. }} [[General officer|General]] '''Gregor MacGregor''' (Gaelic: Griogair MacGriogair) 24 December 1786 – 4 December 1845) wis a Scots sodger, adventurer an [[confidence trick]]ster wha attemptit frae 1821 tae 1837 tae draw Breetish an French investors an settlers tae "Poyais", a feectional Central American territory that he claimed tae rule as "[[Cacique|Cazique]]". Hunders investit thair savins in supponed Poyaisian [[govrenment bond]]s an laund certeeficates, while aboot 250 emigratit tae MacGregor's inventit kintra in 1822–23 tae find anerly an untitchit jungle; mair nor hauf o them dee'd. MacGregor's Poyais scheme haes been cried ane o the maist braisant confidence tricks in history. {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Macgregor, Gregor}} [[Category:1786 births]] [[Category:1845 daiths]] [[Category:57t Regiment o Fit officers]] [[Category:Alumni o the Varsity o Edinburgh]] [[Category:Breetish Airmy personnel o the Peninsular War]] [[Category:Confidence tricksters]] [[Category:Filibusters (militar)]] [[Category:Impostors]] [[Category:Micronaitional leaders]] [[Category:Naituralised ceetizens o Venezuela]] [[Category:Fowk frae Stirlin (cooncil aurie)]] [[Category:Fowk o the Spaingie American wars o unthirldom]] [[Category:Fowk o the Colombie War o IUnthirldom]] [[Category:Fowk o the Venezuelan War o Unthirldom]] [[Category:Scots emigrants tae Venezuela]] [[Category:Scots expatriates in Fraunce]] [[Category:Scots fraudsters]] [[Category:Scots generals]] [[Category:Scots mercenaries]] [[Category:Scots Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Venezuelan generals]] [[Category:19t-century Scots fowk]] [[Category:19t-century militar personnel]] affbidq2qzujxp3zfc1tp4rlcaw4dyx 918143 918142 2026-06-18T09:53:51Z ~2026-35631-69 133055 Born Glengyle 918143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox military person |name=Gregor MacGregor |image=General Gregor MacGregor retouched.jpg |image_size=250 |caption=General Gregor MacGregor; [[mezzotint]] bi [[Samuel William Reynolds]], efter Simon Jacques Rochard, c. 1820–35 |birth_name= Griogair MacGriogair |birth_date= {{birth date|1786|12|24|df=yes}} |birth_place= Glengyle, [[Stirlingshire]], Scotland, [[Kinrick o Great Breetain|Great Breetain]] |death_date= {{death date and age|1845|12|04|1786|12|24|df=yes}} |death_place = [[Caracas]], Venezuela |placeofburial=Caracas, Venezuela |placeofburial_label= Place o buirial |allegiance={{plainlist| *{{flag|Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Ireland|name=Unitit Kinrick}} (1803–10) *{{flagicon image|Flag of Venezuela (1811).svg}} Venezuela (1812) *{{flagicon image|Flag of New Granada (1811-1814).svg}} [[Unitit Provinces o New Granada|New Granada]] (1813–15, 1818–19) *{{flagu|Venezuela|1836}} (1816–17, 1839–45)}} |branch={{plainlist| *[[Breetish Airmy]] (1803–10) *[[Portuguese Airmy]] (seicontment; 1809–10) *[[Venezuelan Airmy]] (1812) *New Granadian Airmy (1813–15, 1818–19) *Venezuelan Airmy (1816–17, 1839–45)}} |serviceyears= |rank=[[Diveesional general]] (frae 1817) |servicenumber= |unit= |commands= |battles={{plainlist| *[[Peninsular War]] *[[Spaingie American wars o unthirldom]]}} |awards=[[Order o the Liberators]] (Venezuela) |spouse= |relations= |laterwork=Involved in [[Amelia Island affair]] o 1817. Claimed tae be [[Cacique|Cazique]] o Poyais frae 1821 tae 1837. }} [[General officer|General]] '''Gregor MacGregor''' (Gaelic: Griogair MacGriogair) 24 December 1786 – 4 December 1845) wis a Scots sodger, adventurer an [[confidence trick]]ster wha attemptit frae 1821 tae 1837 tae draw Breetish an French investors an settlers tae "Poyais", a feectional Central American territory that he claimed tae rule as "[[Cacique|Cazique]]". Hunders investit thair savins in supponed Poyaisian [[govrenment bond]]s an laund certeeficates, while aboot 250 emigratit tae MacGregor's inventit kintra in 1822–23 tae find anerly an untitchit jungle; mair nor hauf o them dee'd. MacGregor's Poyais scheme haes been cried ane o the maist braisant confidence tricks in history. {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Macgregor, Gregor}} [[Category:1786 births]] [[Category:1845 daiths]] [[Category:57t Regiment o Fit officers]] [[Category:Alumni o the Varsity o Edinburgh]] [[Category:Breetish Airmy personnel o the Peninsular War]] [[Category:Confidence tricksters]] [[Category:Filibusters (militar)]] [[Category:Impostors]] [[Category:Micronaitional leaders]] [[Category:Naituralised ceetizens o Venezuela]] [[Category:Fowk frae Stirlin (cooncil aurie)]] [[Category:Fowk o the Spaingie American wars o unthirldom]] [[Category:Fowk o the Colombie War o IUnthirldom]] [[Category:Fowk o the Venezuelan War o Unthirldom]] [[Category:Scots emigrants tae Venezuela]] [[Category:Scots expatriates in Fraunce]] [[Category:Scots fraudsters]] [[Category:Scots generals]] [[Category:Scots mercenaries]] [[Category:Scots Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Venezuelan generals]] [[Category:19t-century Scots fowk]] [[Category:19t-century militar personnel]] 22v3slh8gfvjngwfad8wo0vmkcpowx2 0 204838 918140 913665 2026-06-18T08:38:38Z Makenzis 43742 918140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club | clubname = FK Kauno Žalgiris | image = | fullname = Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris | nickname = (''spirdžiai'') | founded = 2004 | ground = [[NFA Stadion]]<br/>[[Kaunas]] | capacity = 1,000 | chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} [[Mantas Kalnietis]] | chrtitle = Chairman | manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} | mgrtitle = Head coach | league = [[TOPLYGA]]<ref>[https://toplyga.lt/naujiena/naujasis-lietuvos-futbolo-cempionato-pavadinimas-toplyga/9300 Naujasis Lietuvos futbolo čempionato pavadinimas – TOPLYGA]</ref> | season = 2025 | position = Champions | website = | current = 2026 A lyga saison |pattern_la1=_hummelcoreXKjbw |pattern_b1=_hummelcoreXKjbw |pattern_ra1=_hummelcoreXKjbw |pattern_sh1=_hummelcoreXKjbw |pattern_so1=_hummel20w |leftarm1=FFFFFF |body1=FFFFFF |rightarm1=FFFFFF |shorts1=FFFFFF |socks1=FFFFFF |pattern_la2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_b2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_ra2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_sh2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_so2=_hummel20w |leftarm2=FFFFFF |body2=FFFFFF |rightarm2=FFFFFF |shorts2=FFFFFF |socks2=FFFFFF }} '''Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris''' ({{IPA-lt| [Kauno Žalgiris] |pron}}; '''Kauno Žalgiris''' for short) is a lithuanien professional [[association fitbaw|fitbaw]] club frae [[Kaunas]] that plays in the [[TOPLYGA]]. ==Honours== ===Domestic competeetions=== ; '''A lyga (D1)''' * '''Champions (1):''' 2025 * '''2:d plass (1):''' 2022 * '''3:d plass (3)''' : [[2020]], [[2021]], 2024 ; Supertaurė * [[File:Cup Winner.png]] '''Winners (1):''' 2026<ref>[https://toplyga.lt/naujiena/kauno-zalgiris-pirma-karta-laimejo-supertaure/9311 „Kauno Žalgiris“ pirmą kartą laimėjo Supertaurę]</ref><ref>[https://www.sportas.lt/naujiena/535713/kauno-zalgiris-iskovojo-pirmaji-sezono-trofeju „Kauno Žalgiris“ iškovojo pirmąjį sezono trofėjų]</ref> == Saison == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Saison !Div. !Liga !Plass !Web |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2014''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2015''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''A lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2016''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''A lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2017''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''A lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2018''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''A lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2019''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''A lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2020''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''A lyga''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''A lyga''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''A lyga''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2024.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2026''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[TOPLYGA]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2026.html#alyga</ref> |- |} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== * [https://toplyga.lt/komanda/k-zalgiris Offeecial wabsteid: TOPLYGA] {{lt icon}} * [https://zalgiris.lt/komandos/fk-kauno-zalgiris Offeecial wabsteid: zalgiris.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/spyris-kaunas/8413/ FK Kauno Žalgiris: Soccerway] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-kauno-zalgiris/15855/ Globalsportsarchive] {{DEFAULTSORT:Kauno Žalgiris FK}} [[Category:Fitbaw clubs in Lithauanie]] 5i2huy80z7e72waw8iqua13pmuaxasp 2 233624 918130 2026-06-17T15:12:00Z PurpleDinosaur585 129975 Made bi owersettin the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359445024|Silesia]]" 918130 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Silesia</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Polish-language text">''Śląsk''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Polish language|Polish]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Silesian-language text">''Ślōnsk''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Silesian language|Silesian]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Czech-language text">''Slezsko''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Czech language|Czech]])</span><br /><br /><span title="German-language text">''Schlesien''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[German language|German]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Lower Silesian-language text">''Schläsing''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Lower Silesian language|Nether Silesian]])</span></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Historical region]]</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Multiple image/styles.css" wrapper=".tmulti"></templatestyles><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Ksiaz_w_jesiennej_scenerii.jpg|127x127px|Książ Castle, Wałbrzych]]</div><div>Książ Castle</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Wrocław_square.jpg|127x127px|Wrocław Old Town]]</div><div>Wrocław Auld Toun</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:84px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Market_Square_Opole_Southside_2019.jpg|127x127px|Opole Old Town]]</div><div>[[Opole]] Auld Toun</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:84px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Spodek.4.jpg|127x127px|Spodek multipurpose arena, Katowice]]</div><div>Spodek, Katowice</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Deptak_Zielona_Góra.jpg|127x127px|Zielona Góra Old Town]]</div><div>Zielona Góra</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Opava,_Horní_náměstí,_divadlo_a_konkatedrála,_01.jpg|127x127px|Horní náměstí, Opava]]</div><div>Opava</div></div></div></div></div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable" |<templatestyles src="Infobox settlement/columns/styles.css" /> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell">[[File:Silesian_Eagles_CoA.png|150x150px]]<div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Blasoun</div></div></div></div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="switcher-container"><div>[[File:Ślůnsk_1335-1675.png|frameless]]<span class="switcher-label" data-switcher-default="" style="display:none">Show Silesia 1335-1675</span></div><div>[[File:Ślůnsk_apx_1815_-1945.png|frameless]]<span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show Silesia 1815-1939</span></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Ducheries & Province of Silesia on Mid-European kairt</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Coordinates: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Silesia&params=51.6_N_17.2_E_region:PL_type:city <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°36′N</span> <span class="longitude">17°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xFEFF; / &#xFEFF;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.6°N 17.2°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xFEFF; / <span class="geo">51.6; 17.2</span></span></span>]</span></span><indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Silesia&params=51.6_N_17.2_E_region:PL_type:city <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°36′N</span> <span class="longitude">17°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.6°N 17.2°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">51.6; 17.2</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kintra | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist "> * [[Poland]] * [[Czech Republic]] * [[Germany]] </div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mucklest ceity | class="infobox-data" |[[Wrocław]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Umwhile saet | class="infobox-data" |[[Wrocław]] (Nether Silesia)<br /><br />[[Opole]] (Iver Silesia) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">&nbsp;•Aathegither</div> | class="infobox-data" |40,400&nbsp;km² (15,600&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Populace<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">&nbsp;•&nbsp;Aathegither</div> | class="infobox-data" |c. 8,000,000 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Thrangness | class="infobox-data" |200/km² (520/sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Demonym]] | class="infobox-data" |Silesian |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone]] | class="infobox-data" |UTC+1 ([[Central European Time|CET]]) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="nowrap">&nbsp;•&nbsp;Simmer ([[Daylicht savin time|DST]])</span> | class="infobox-data" |UTC+2 (CEST) |} '''Silesia'''{{Efn|{{IPAc-en|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʒ|ə|,_|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʃ|i|ə}} {{respell|sy|LEE|zhə|,_|sy|LEE|shee|ə}}, {{IPAc-en|UKalso|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|z|i|ə}} {{respell|sy|LEE|zee|ə}}, {{IPAc-en|USalso|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʒ|i|ə|,_|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʃ|ə|,_|s|ɪ|ˈ|l|iː|-}} {{respell|sy|LEE|zhee|ə|,_|sy|LEE|shə|,_|sil|EE|-}}.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Silesia|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/silesia|title=Silesia|work=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Silesia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723000000/http://www.lexico.com/definition/Silesia |url-status=dead |archive-date=2019-07-23 |title=Silesia |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Silesia|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref>}} (tak a scance till the names ablow) is a historical pairt of Mid Europe that nou liggs maistly intil [[Poland]], wi smaa pairts in the Czech Republic an [[Germany]]. Its area is about {{Convert|40000|km2|-2}}, an the populace is upcuissen at 8,000,000. Silesia is riven intae twa maist subregions, Nether Silesia bewast an Iver Silesia be-east. Situate alang the [[Oder]] River, wi the [[Sudetes|Sudeten Bens]] raxin athort the southren mairch, Silesia is a heichly industrialised region rife of mineral an naitural resources. The mucklest toun an Nether Silesia's capital is [[Wrocław]]; the historic capital of Iver Silesia is [[Opole]]. The mucklest metropolitan airt is the Katowice metropolitan airt, the hert of whilk is Katowice. Pairts of the Czech toun of Ostrava an the German toun of Görlitz are situate intil Silesia's historic mairches. Silesia’s culture reflecks its wimpled history an diverse influences, takin in Polish, Czech, an German swatches. The region is kent for its unique Silesian language (spoken yet bi a smaa feck of fowk bidin in Iver Silesia), brawlie decored hamelt graith, hairty regional cuisine, an a mixter-maxter of [[Gothic airchitectur|Gothic]], Baroque, an industrial-era architectur seen in its ceities an touns. The region conteens mony historical meiths an [[Warld Heritage Steid|UNESCO Warld Heritage Steids]]. Silesia's mairches an national affiliation haes chyngit throu time, baith whan it wis a heirship aucht of [[Feudalism|noble housses]] an efter the rise of our ain day [[Naition state|nation-states]], resultin in a rowth of castles an stranghauds, mairbetoken in the Jelenia Góra vailley. First heild bi Great Moravia in the back end of the 9t century an Bohemia in the fore-end of the 10t century, Silesia wis taen intae the ear Polish state, and efter its feudal dividin in the 12t century it creatit the Duchery of Silesia. As a result of farrer division, it wis daled intae individual ducheries, ruled bi diverse lines of the Polish Piast dynasty. In the 14t century, it haed become ane of the territories belanging the Bohemian Croun Launds unner the [[Halie Romane Rik|Halie Roman Empire]], the whilk wis gien the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy in 1526; housomever, a wheen of ducheries bedd unner the maistry of Polish dukes (Piast, [[Jagiellonian dynasty|Jagiellon]], Sobieski) as feu'd Bohemian [[Feudalism|feus]]. As a result of the Silesian Weirs, the pairt wis annexed bi [[Kinrick o Proushie|Prussia]] frae Austria in 1742 an syne became pairt of the [[German Empire]] in 1871. Efter [[Warld War I|Warld Weir I]], whan the Poles an Czechs haed wun back their independence, the eastmaist part of Iver Silesia became pairt of Poland bi the decision of the Entente Pouers efter upsets bi Poles an the Iver Silesian plebiscite, while the lave of the umwhile Austrian pairts of Silesia wir daled atween [[Czechoslovakie|Czechoslovakia]] an Poland. Durin [[Warld War II|Warld Weir II]], as a result of German occupation the haill region wis unner the maistry of [[Nazi Germany]]. In 1945, efter Warld Weir II, maist of the German-heild Silesia wis transferred tae Polish jurisdiction wi the Potsdam Greement atween the victorious Allies and became pairt of Poland. The smaa Lusatian skelp bewast the Oder–Neisse line, the whilk haed belanged Silesia sin 1815, became pairt of [[East Germany]]. Ower the heids of the forced popular shifts in 1945–48, the day's indwallers of Silesia speaks the national leids of their respective kintras. Umwhile German-speakin Nether Silesia haes developed a new mell'd Polish dialeck an new-farrant graith. There is ongaun debate anent whither the Silesian leid, commonly spoken in Iver Silesia, shid be consithert a dialeck of [[Pols leid|Polish]] or a sindry langidge. The Nether Silesian German dialeck is aweers of deein out ower the heids of its speakers' gettin herriet out. == Etymology == The names of Silesia in different leids maist likely skairs their etymology—the Polish: Śląsk {{IPA|pl|ɕlɔ̃sk||Pl-Śląsk.ogg}}; the German: Schlesien {{IPA|de|ˈʃleːzi̯ən||De-Schlesien.ogg}}; the Czech: Slezsko {{IPA|cs|ˈslɛsko|}}; the Nether Silesian: Schläsing; the Silesian: Ślōnsk {{IPA|szl|ɕlonsk|}}; the Nether Sorbian: Šlazyńska {{IPA|dsb|ˈʃlazɨnʲska|}}; the Iver Sorbian: Šleska {{IPA|hsb|ˈʃlɛska|}}; the Slovak: Sliezsko; [[Laitin|the Laitin]], the Spainish an the English: ''Silesia''; the French: Silésie; the Dutch: Silezië; the Italian: Slesia. The names aa effeir tae the name of a river (nou kent as Ślęza) an ben (Ben Ślęża) in mid-southren Silesia, the whilk sair'd as a releigious steid for pagans afore Christianization. ''Ślęża'' is listed as ane of the num'rous Pre-Indo-European topographic names in the region (tak a scance till [[:en:Old_European_hydronymy|auld European hydronymy]]). Frae the wittins of a puckle [[Pols leid|Polonists]], the name ''Ślęża'' {{IPA|pl|ˈɕlɛ̃ʐa|}} or ''Ślęż'' {{IPA|pl|ɕlɛ̃ʂ|}} is sib tae the Auld Polish wirds ''ślęg'' {{IPA|pl|ɕlɛŋk|}} or ''śląg'' {{IPA|pl|ɕlɔŋk|}}, meanin dunkieness, moister, or humidity. They differ wi the hypothesis that the name ''Śląsk'' haes its ruits in the name of the Silings tribe. In Polish day-tae-day speech, "Śląsk" refers tae traditionally Polish Iver Silesia an the day's Silesian Voivodeship, but less tae Nether Silesia, whilk is unalike frae Iver Silesia in mony pairts sin the feck of its popular spoke German frae roun about the mid-19t century up ontill 1945–48.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Andreas Lawaty, Hubert Orłowski|title=Deutsche und Polen: Geschichte, Kultur, Politik|publisher=C.H.Beck|year=2003|page=183|language=de}}</ref> == History == [[File:Polska_960_-_992.svg|left|thumb|200x200px|Kairt of Poland wi Silesia (''Śląsk'') in the year 992 durin the maistry of Mieszko I]] In the fowert century BC frae the south, throu the Kłodzko Vailley, the Celts made ingangins intil Silesia, an made hame around Ben Ślęża nearhand our ain day [[Wrocław]], Oława an Strzelin. Germanic Lugii tribes wir first recordit athin Silesia in the 1t century BC. [[Wast Slavs]] an Lechites wan till the pairt roun about the 7t century, an bi the ear ninth century, their colonies haed become stabilised. Local Wast Slavs stertit upsettin boundary structures like the Silesian Przesieka an the Silesia Waws. The easten mairch of Silesian sattlement wis situate bewast the Bytom, an be-east [[Racibórz]] an Cieszyn. East of this line wonned a sib Lechitic tribe kent as the Vistulans. Their northern mairch wis in the howe of the Barycz River, an abuin this bedd the Wastren Polans tribe that gied Poland its name. The first kent states in Silesia wis Greater Moravia an Bohemia. In the 10t century, the Polish ruler Mieszko I of the Piast dynasty haed taen Silesia intae the newly foundit Polish state. In 1000, the Diocie of Wrocław wis foundit as the auldest [[Catholic Kirk|Catholic]] diocie in the region, an ane of the auldest diocies in Poland, thirled tae the Roman Catholic Archdiocie of Gniezno. Poland repelled German invasions of Silesia in 1017 at Niemcza an in 1109 at Głogów. Durin the Feudal Dividin of Poland, Silesia and the lave of the kintra wis pairtit intae mony smawer ducheries ruled bi sindry Silesian dukes. In 1178, pairts of the Duchery of Kraków roun about Bytom, Oświęcim, [[Chrzanów]], an Siewierz were transferred tae the Silesian Piasts, even tho their popular wis feckly Vistulan an nae of Silesian stock. [[File:Silesia_1172-1177.jpg|thumb|226x226px|Silesia in the fore-end of Poland's feudal division, 1172–1177, Nether Silesia wi Lubusz Laund in orange, Iver Silesia in green an yella]] Walloons came tae Silesia as ane of the foremaist fremmit incomer wheens in [[Poland]], maist likely makin hame in Wrocław syne the 12th century, wi farrer Walloon incomers invited bi Duke Henry the Bairdit in the ear 13t century. Sin the 13t century, German cultural an ethnic influence gaed up as a result of incomers frae German-speakin states of the [[Halie Romane Rik|Holy Roman Empire]]. The foremaist designin of municipal privileges in Poland haed taen place in the toun of [[Złotoryja]] bi Henry the Bairdit. Medieval municipal richts modelled efter Lwówek Śląski an Środa Śląska, baith foundit bi Henry the Bairdit, haed become the founds of the municipal form of government for a curnie ceities an touns in Poland, an twa of five local Polish forms of medieval toun richts. The Beuk of Henryków, the whilk conteens the earest kent sentence written in the Polish leid, as weel as a writ conteenin the auldest prented text in the Polish, wis creatit in Henryków an Wrocław in Silesia, respectively. In 1241, the [[Mongol Empire|Mongols]] cairried out their first invasion of Poland, creatin rife pilget an mass flicht. They reived the feck of the region an defaitit the jyned Polish, Moravian an German forces heidit bi Duke Henry II the Pious at the Stour of Legnica, whilk haed taen place at Legnickie Pole nearhand [[Legnica]]. Straicht efter the daith of Orda Khan, the Mongols decidit nae to bensel farrer intae Europe, but gaed back east tae tak pairt in the election of a new Grand Khan (heid yin). Atween 1289 an 1292, Bohemian king Wenceslaus II became ''suzerain'' of a puckle of the Iver Silesian ducheries. Polish monarchs haedna gien ower their heirship richts tae Silesia ontill 1335. The province became pairt of the Bohemian Croun whilk wis pairt of the Hailie Roman Empire; houaniver, a wheen of ducheries bedd unner the maistry of the Polish dukes frae the housses of Piast, [[Jagiellonian dynasty|Jagiellon]] and Sobieski as feu'd Bohemian feus (a puckle ontill the 17t–18t centuries). Atween 1469 an 1490, the pairt was unner the maistry of Matthias Corvinus, wha mountit the Bohemian throne. In 1526 Silesia wis haundit ower wi the Bohemian Crown tae the Habsburg monarchy. In the 15t century, a curnie chynges wir made tae Silesia's mairches. Pairts of the territories that haed gotten transferred tae the Silesian Piasts in 1178 wir coff't wi the Polish kings in the saicont hauf of the 15t century (the Duchery of Oświęcim in 1457; the Duchery of Zator in 1494). The Bytom airt bedd in the aucht of the Silesian Piasts, tho it wis a pairt of the Diocie of Kraków. The Duchery of Krosno Odrzańskie ({{Lang|de|Crossen}}) wis heired bi the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1476 and wi the renunciation of King [[Ferdinand I, Haly Roman Emperor|Ferdinand I]] and the estates of Bohemia in 1538, it became pairt an pertinent of Brandenburg. Atween 1645 an 1666, the Duchery of Opole an Racibórz was hauden in wad wi the Polish Houss of Vasa in tocher of the Polish queen Cecylia Renata. [[File:Crown_of_Bohemia_1648.png|thumb|Launds of the Bohemian Croun atween 1635 an 1742, afore the maist of Silesia was gien ower tae [[Kinrick o Proushie|Prussia]]]] [[File:Silesia-map.svg|left|thumb|Kairt of Austrian an Prussian Silesia wi modren national mairches: <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />{{Legend|#00ffff|[[Austrian Silesia]], 1740}}<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />{{Legend|#ffffff|[[Prussian Silesia]], 1871}}<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />{{Legend|#0000ff|[[Oder]]}}]] In 1742, maist of Silesia wis claucht wi King [[Frederick the Great|Frederick II of Prussia]] in the Weir of the Austrian Succession, at the hinner end becomin the Prussian Province of Silesia in 1815; ower the heids of this, Silesia became part of the [[German Empire]] whan it wis latten wit in 1871. The Silesian capital Breslau became than ane of the big ceities in Germany. Breslau wis a centre of Jewish life in Germany an a wechty steid of science (college) an industry (manufacturin of steam-ingines). German mass tourism stertit in the Silesian bens (Hirschberg, Schneekoppe). [[File:Wrocław_Rynek_18_sm.jpg|left|thumb|279x279px|Teipical Silesian baroque architectur in [[Wrocław]]]] Efter Warld Weir I, a pairt of Silesia, kent as Iver Silesia, wis quarreled wi Germany an the newly independent Saicont Polish Republic. The League of Nations organised a plebiscite tae sattle the maitter in 1921. It haed resultit in 60% of votes gettin cuissen for Germany an 40% for Poland. Efter the third Silesian raibblin (1921), houaniver, the eastmaist pairt of Iver Silesia (as weel as Katowice), wi a feckly ethnic Polish populace, wis gien Poland, becomin the Silesian Voivodeship. The Prussian Province of Silesia intil Germany wis than dividit intae the provinces of Nether Silesia an Iver Silesia. Meantime, Austrian Silesia, the smaa pairt of Silesia keppit bi Austria efter the Silesian Weirs, wis maistly gien tae the new Czechoslovakia (at the hinner-end kent as Czech Silesia an Trans-Olza), awtho maist of Cieszyn an laund be-east of it gaed tae Poland. Polish Silesia wis amang the foremaist regions invadit durin Germany's 1939 sailyie on Poland, the whilk stertit [[Warld War II|Warld Weir II]]. Ane of the claimed ettles of Nazi German occupation, mairbetoken in Iver Silesia, wis the extermination of thaim wham the Nazis thocht tae be "subhuman", viz Jews an ethnic Poles. The Polish an Jewish fowk of the than Polish pairt of Silesia wis subjectit tae genocide involvin expulsions, mass murther an transportation till Nazi concentration camps an forced lawbour camps, while Germans war sattled seekin for [[:en:Lebensraum|Lebensraum]]. Twa thousan Polish intellectuals, politicians, an businessmen wir murthered durin the Intelligenzaktion Schlesien<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|year=2009|location=Warszawa|language=pl}}</ref> in 1940 as pairt of a Germanization program aa ower the kintra. Silesia alsae houssed ane of the twa maist weirtime centres whaur medical pratticks wir conductit on kidnappit Polish bairns wi Nazis. Czech Silesia wis occupied bi Germany as pairt of Sudetenland. In Silesia, [[Nazi Germany]] operate the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, a curnie prisoner-of-weir camps for Allied POWs (amang thaim the maist Stalag VIII-A, Stalag VIII-B, Stalag VIII-C camps), num'rous Nazi wards an thousans of forced lawbour camps — amang thaim wis a netwark of forced lawbour camps allanerly for Poles ({{Lang|de|[[Polenlager]]}}), sub-camps of wards, POW camps and the Gross-Rosen an [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] concentration camps. The [[Potsdam Conference|Potsdam Collogue]] of 1945 haed estaiblish't the Oder-Neisse line as the mairch atween Germany an Poland ontil a hindmaist peace collogue wi Germany cuid be hauden (the whilk niver teuk place).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Geoffrey K. Roberts, Patricia Hogwood|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q40tDwAAQBAJ|title=The Politics Today Companion to West European Politics|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2013|isbn=9781847790323|page=50}}</ref> In the back end of WWII, Germans in Silesia teuk leg bail frae the battle grund, thinkin they wad be able tae come back whan the weir wis by-wi. Housomever, they cuidna come back, an thaim that haed steyed wir herried out an a new Polish popular, amang thaim wis fowk that wir herried out frae umwhile Easten Poland annexed wi the Soviet Union an frae Mid Poland, jyned the lave of the native Polish indwallers frae the region. Efter 1945 an in 1946, nearhand aa of the 4.5 meillion Silesians wi German ruits flichtit, or wir steekit in camps an herried out, amang thaim a wheen thousan German Jews that haed pitten ower the Holocaust an haed come back tae Silesia. The newly foundit Polish Unitit Wirkers' Pairty creatit a Ministry of the Recovered Territories that owned the hauf of the plou-grund (that cuid be gotten) for state-run collectivized fairms. Mony of the new Polish Silesians wha murned the Germans for their invasion in 1939 an fellness in occupation nou murned the newly foundit Polish communist government for their populace shiftin an makin an messin wi fairmin an industrial affairs.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lukowski, Zawadski|first=Jerzy, Hubert|url=https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00luko/page/278|title=A Concise History of Poland|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-521-61857-1|location=Cambridge, UK|pages=[https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00luko/page/278 278–280]|url-access=registration}}</ref> The admeinistrative division of Silesia intil Poland haes chyngit a curnie times sin 1945. Syne 1999, it haes been daled atween Lubusz Voivodeship, Nether Silesian Voivodeship, Opole Voivodeship, an Silesian Voivodeship. Czech Silesia is nou pairt of the Czech Republic, formin pairt of the Moravian-Silesian Airt an the northern pairt of the Olomouc Airt. Germany keps the Silesia-Lusatia airt ({{Lang|de|Niederschlesien-Oberlausitz}} or {{Lang|de|Schlesische Oberlausitz}}) bewast the Neisse, the whilk is pairt of the federal state of [[Saxony]]. The region wis prejudged wi the 1997, 2010 an 2024 Mid European fluids. === Ethnic history === [[File:Silesia_Language_Map_1905.png|thumb|Mither Tungs of Silesia, frae the wittins of the 1905 Census]] Our ain day Silesia is inhaibitit bi [[Poles]], Silesians, [[Germans]], and Czechs. Germans first came till Silesia durin the Late Medieval Ostsiedlung.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Weinhold|first=Karl|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_CqpCAAAAIAAJ|title=Die Verbreitung und die Herkunft der Deutschen in Schlesien|publisher=J. Engelhorn|year=1887|location=Stuttgart|language=de|trans-title=The Spread and the Origin of Germans in Silesia}}</ref> The lest Polish census in 2011 shawed that the Silesians are the mucklest ethnic or national minority in Poland, an Germans the saicont; baith groups bide maistly in Iver Silesia. The Czech pairt of Silesia is inhaibitit bi Czechs, Moravians, Silesians, and Poles. In the ear 19t century the popular of the Prussian pairt of Silesia wis atween 2/3 an 3/4 German-speakin, atween 1/5 an 1/3 Polish-speakin, wi Sorbs, Czechs, Moravians an Jews makin up the ither smawer minorities (tak a scance till Table 1. ablow). Afore the Saicont Warld Weir, Silesia wis inhaibitit maistly bi Germans, whereas Poles wir a muckle minority, formin a plurality in Iver Silesia.<ref name="Gumpert">{{Cite book|last=Jobst Gumpert|title=Polen, Deutschland|publisher=Callwey|year=1966|pages=138|language=de}}</ref> Silesia wis alsae the hame of a smaw feck of Czech an Jewish fowk. The German populace wis maistly wonnin in the urban pairts an in the laundward airts fund in the north an wast, whereas the Polish popular wis maistly laundward an cuid be fund in the east an in the south. {| class="wikitable" |+Table 1. Ethno-leid structure of Prussian Silesia in years 1787–1823 !Ethnic group !frae. G. Hassel in 1819<ref name="Georg Hassel">{{Cite book|last=Georg Hassel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=31DMAJgQV28C&pg=PA34|title=Statistischer Umriß der sämmtlichen europäischen und der vornehmsten außereuropäischen Staaten, in Hinsicht ihrer Entwickelung, Größe, Volksmenge, Finanz- und Militärverfassung, tabellarisch dargestellt; Erster Heft: Welcher die beiden großen Mächte Österreich und Preußen und den Deutschen Staatenbund darstellt|publisher=Verlag des Geographischen Instituts Weimar|year=1823|pages=33–34|language=de|quote=}}</ref> !% !frae. S. Plater in 1823{{Sfn|Plater|1825}} !% !frae. T. Ładogórski in 1787<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ładogórski|first=Tadeusz|title=Ludność, in: Historia Śląska, vol. II: 1763–1850, part 1: 1763–1806|publisher=edited by W. Długoborski|year=1966|location=Wrocław|pages=150|language=pl}}</ref> !% |- |'''Germans''' |1,561,570 |'''75.6''' |1,550,000 |'''70.5''' |1,303,300 |'''74.6''' |- |'''Poles''' |444,000 |'''21.5''' |600,000 |'''27.3''' |401,900 |'''23.0''' |- |'''Sorbs''' |24,500 |'''1.2''' |30,000 |'''1.4''' |900 |'''0.1''' |- |'''Czechs''' |5,500 |'''0.3''' | | |32,600 |'''1.9''' |- |'''Moravians''' |12,000 |'''0.6''' | | | | |- |'''Jews''' |16,916 |'''0.8''' |20,000 |'''0.9''' |8,900 |'''0.5''' |- |'''Popular''' |'''c. 2.1&nbsp;meillion''' |'''100''' |'''c. 2.2&nbsp;meillion''' |'''100''' |'''c. 1.8&nbsp;meillion''' |'''100''' |} Ethnic structure of Prussian Iver Silesia ([[Opole]] regency) durin the 19t century an the ear 20t century can be fund in Table 2.: {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" ! colspan="18" |Table 2. Nummers of Polish, German an ither indwallers (Regierungsbezirk Oppeln)<ref name="Georg Hassel">{{Cite book|last=Georg Hassel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=31DMAJgQV28C&pg=PA34|title=Statistischer Umriß der sämmtlichen europäischen und der vornehmsten außereuropäischen Staaten, in Hinsicht ihrer Entwickelung, Größe, Volksmenge, Finanz- und Militärverfassung, tabellarisch dargestellt; Erster Heft: Welcher die beiden großen Mächte Österreich und Preußen und den Deutschen Staatenbund darstellt|publisher=Verlag des Geographischen Instituts Weimar|year=1823|pages=33–34|language=de|quote=}}</ref><ref name="Paul Weber1">{{Cite book|last=Paul Weber|url=https://archive.org/details/diepoleninobersc00webeuoft|title=Die Polen in Oberschlesien: eine statistische Untersuchung|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Springer|year=1913|location=Berlin|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kalisch|first=Johannes|last2=Bochinski|first2=Hans|date=1958|title=Stosunki narodowościowe na Śląsku w świetle relacji pruskich urzędników z roku 1882|url=http://sobotka.uni.wroc.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Sobotka_13_1958_43-58.pdf|journal=Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka|location=Leipzig|volume=13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201215644/http://sobotka.uni.wroc.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Sobotka_13_1958_43-58.pdf|archive-date=1 February 2020}}</ref> |- !Year !1819 !1831 !1834 !1837 !1840 !1843 !1846 !1852 !1855 !1858 !1861 !1867 !1890 !1900 !1905 !1910 |- |'''''Polish''''' |377,100 '''(67.2%)''' |418,837 '''(62.0%)''' |468,691 '''(62.6%)''' |495,362 '''(62.1%)''' |525,395 '''(58.6%)''' |540,402 '''(58.1%)''' |568,582 '''(58.1%)''' |584,293 '''(58.6%)''' |590,248 '''(58.7%)''' |612,849 '''(57.3%)''' |665,865 '''(59.1%)''' |742,153 '''(59.8%)''' |918,728 '''(58.2%)''' |1,048,230 '''(56.1%)''' |1,158,805 '''(57.0%)''' |Census, monolingual Polish: '''1,169,340''' '''(53.0%)'''<ref name="Paul Weber2">{{Cite book|last=Paul Weber|url=https://archive.org/details/diepoleninobersc00webeuoft|title=Die Polen in Oberschlesien: eine statistische Untersuchung|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Springer|year=1913|location=Berlin|page=27|language=de}}</ref> '''or up tae''' '''1,560,000''' thegither wi bilinguals |- |'''''German''''' |162,600 '''(29.0%)''' |257,852 '''(36.1%)''' |266,399 '''(35.6%)''' |290,168 '''(36.3%)''' |330,099 '''(36.8%)''' |348,094 '''(37.4%)''' |364,175 '''(37.2%)''' |363,990 '''(36.5%)''' |366,562 '''(36.5%)''' |406,950 '''(38.1%)''' |409,218 '''(36.3%)''' |457,545 '''(36.8%)''' |566,523 '''(35.9%)''' |684,397 '''(36.6%)''' |757,200 '''(37.2%)''' |'''884,045''' '''(40.0%)''' |- |'''''Ither''''' |21,503 '''(3.8%)''' |13,254 '''(1.9%)''' |13,120 '''(1.8%)''' |12,679 '''(1.6%)''' |41,570 '''(4.6%)''' |42,292 '''(4.5%)''' |45,736 '''(4.7%)''' |49,445 '''(4.9%)''' |48,270 '''(4.8%)''' |49,037 '''(4.6%)''' |51,187 '''(4.6%)''' |41,611 '''(3.4%)''' |92,480 '''(5.9%)''' |135,519 '''(7.3%)''' |117,651 '''(5.8%)''' |Populace: 2,207,981 |} The Austrian pairt of Silesia haed a mixter-maxter of German, Polish and Czech fowk, wi speakers of the Polish makin a plurality in Cieszyn Silesia.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chromik|first=Grzegorz|title=Geschichte des deutsch-slawischen Sprachkontaktes im Teschener Schlesien|isbn=978-3-88246-398-9|pages=258–322|language=de}}</ref> ==== Releigion ==== [[File:Verbreitung_der_Konfessionen_im_deutschen_Reich.jpg|thumb|Confessions in the German Empire (Catholic/Protestant; {{Circa|1890}}). Nether Silesia wis maistly Protestant, while Glatz (Kłodzko) an Iver Silesia wis maistly Catholic.]] Historically, Silesia wis about aqual spleit atween [[Catholic Kirk|Catholics]] an [[Protestantism|Protestants]] (feckly Lutherans). In an 1890 census taen in the German pairt, Catholics made up a slicht plurality of 53%, while the ither 47% wis awmaist freely Lutheran. Geographically speakin, Iver Silesia wis maistly Catholic binna for a puckle of pairts in the nort-wast, the whilk wir feckly Lutheran. Nether Silesia wis maistly Lutheran binna for the Glatzer Laund (nou kent as Kłodzko County). Generally speakin, the popular wis maistly Protestant in the wastern pairts, an it wad maistly get mair Catholic the farrer east a body gaed. In Iver Silesia, Protestants wir thranged in muckler ceities, an aften conseidered theirsells German. Efter Warld Weir II, the releigious demographics haed chyngit muckle sin Germans, wha made up the feck of the Protestant fowk, wir forcibly herried out. Poles, wha wir maistly Catholic, haed made hame again here in their steid. The day, Silesia bides feckly Catholic. Extant syne the 12t century, Silesia's Jewish commonty wis thranged around Wrocław an Iver Silesia, an nummered at 48,003 (1.1% of the popular) in 1890, gaein doun tae 44,985 bodies (0.9%) bi 1910. In Polish East Iver Silesia, the nummer of Jews wis roun about 90,000–100,000. Historically, the commonty haed dree'd a nummer of localised herryin outs, for ensample their 1453 herryin out frae [[Wrocław]]. Atween 1712 an 1820 a tring of chiels heild the teitle Heid Rabbi of Silesia ("Landesrabbiner"): Naphtali ha-Kohen (1712–16); Samuel ben Naphtali (1716–22); Ḥayyim Jonah Te'omim (1722–1727); Baruch b. Reuben Gomperz (1733–54); Joseph Jonas Fränkel (1754–93); Jeremiah Löw Berliner (1793–99); Lewin Saul Fränkel (1800–7); Aaron Karfunkel (1807–16); an Abraham ben Gedaliah Tiktin (1816–20).<ref>{{Cite web|last=<!--Not stated-->|title=Silesia|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7747-hirschberg|access-date=6 December 2017|website=1906 Jewish Encyclopedia|publisher=JewishEncyclopedia.com}}</ref> ==== Eftercasts of Warld Weir II ==== Efter the Germans invadit Poland in 1939, efter the Nazi racial policy, the Jewish fowk of Silesia wis subjectit tae genocide wi executions cairried out wi Einsatzgruppe z. B.V. heidit bi Udo von Woyrsch an Einsatzgruppe I heidit bi Bruno Streckenbach, wardin in ghettos, an ethnic cleansing of the General Government. In their ettles tae exterminate the Jews throu murther an ethnic cleansin, the Germans foundit the Auschwitz an Gross-Rosen camps in the province of Silesia. Herryin outs wir cairried out apenly an souched in the local paper. Thaim sent tae ghettos wad frae 1942 be herried out till concentration an wark camps. Atween 5 Mey an 17 Juin, 20,000 Silesian Jews wir sent till Birkenau till gas chaumers an aa throu August 1942, atween 10,000 an 13,000 Silesian Jews wir murthert wi gassin at the Auschwitz. Maist Jews in Silesia wir exterminated wi the Nazis. Efter the weir Silesia became a heidmaist steid till repatriation of the Jewish fowk in Poland that haed pitten ower Nazi German extermination an in the hairst of 1945, 15,000 Jews wir in Nether Silesia, maistly Polish Jews that cam back frae territories that nou belanged the Soviet Union, risin in 1946 tae seiventy thousan as Jewish survivors frae ither pairts of Poland wir relocate. The feck of Germans flichtit or wir herried out frae the day's Polish an Czech pairts of Silesia durin an efter Warld Weir II. Atween Juin 1945 an Januar 1947, 1.77&nbsp;meillion Germans wir herried out frae Nether Silesia, an 310,000 frae Iver Silesia. The day, maist German Silesians an their descendants bides in the Federal Republic of Germany, mony of thaim in the [[Ruhr]] pairt wirkin as miners, like their forebeirs in Silesia. Ane of its maist namely but controversial presses wis the [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|Christian Democratic Union]] politician Herbert Hupka. The herryin out of Germans haed resultit in rife unnerpopulation. The populace of the toun of Głogów fell frae 33,500 tae 5,000, an atween 1939 an 1966 the populace of Wrocław fell bi 25%. Ettles tae re-people Silesia didna come muckle speed in the 1940s and 1950s, an Silesia's popular didna rax tae pre-weir levels ontill the hint-end of the 1970s. The Polish sattlers that re-peopled Silesia wir pairtly frae the umwhile Polish Easten Mairchlaunds, the whilk wis annexed bi the [[Soviet Union]] in 1939. Wrocław wis pairtly re-peopled wi bield-seekers frae the umwhile Polish ceity of [[Lviv|Lwów]]. == Geography == [[File:Landkarte_von_Schlesien.jpg|thumb|First kairt of Silesia bi Martin Helwig, 1561; north at the bottom]] [[File:Silesia_Physical_Map.png|thumb|Physical kairt of Silesia in 1905]] The maist of Silesia is affeirin flet, awtho its southren mairch is maistly montanous. It is feckly locate in a swathe rinnin alang baith braes of the iver an mid [[Oder|Oder (Odra)]] River, but it raxes eastle tae the iver Vistula River. The pairt alsae taks in mony leaders of the Oder, amang thaim is the Bóbr (an its leader the Kwisa), the Barycz an the Nysa Kłodzka. The [[Sudetes|Sudeten Bens]] rins alang the maist of the southren rind of the region, tho at its south-eastern extreme it raxes tae the Silesian Beskids an Moravian-Silesian Beskids, the whilk belang the [[Carpathie Moontains|Carpathian Bens]]. Historically, Silesia wis boundit wastle bi the Kwisa an Bóbr Rivers, while the laund bewast the Kwisa wis in Iver Lusatia (earlier ''Milsko''). Housomever, because pairt of Iver Lusatia wis taen in the Province of Silesia in 1815, in Germany Görlitz, Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis an neebourin airts are conseidered pairts of historical Silesia. Thon destricks, alang wi Poland's Nether Silesian Voivodeship an pairts of Lubusz Voivodeship, mak up the geographic region of Nether Silesia. Silesia haes unnergaen a siclike notional raxin at its eastern extreme. Historically, it raxed anelie as faur as the Brynica River, whilk sinders it frae Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in Nether Poland. Houaniver, tae mony Poles the day, Silesia (''Śląsk)'' is unnerstuid tae kiver aa the area roun about Katowice, includin Zagłębie. This interpretation is gien offeicial ratihabitation in the yuise of the name Silesian Voivodeship ({{lang|pl|województwo śląskie}}) for the province kiverin this area. In fack, the wird {{lang|pl|Śląsk}} in the Polish (whan yuised athout qualification) nou commonly refers alanerlie tae this area (alsae cried {{lang|pl|Górny Śląsk}} or Iver Silesia). As weel as the Katowice airt, historical Iver Silesia alsae taks in the [[Opole]] region (Poland's Opole Voivodeship) an Czech Silesia. Czech Silesia is made up of a pairt of the Moravian-Silesian Region an the Jeseník Destrick in the Olomouc Region. === Naitural resources === Silesia is an airt rife of resources an fowk. Syne the mid-18t century, coal haes gotten mined here. The industry haed grown while Silesia wis pairt of Germany, an peaked in the 1970s unner the Fowk's Republic of Poland. Durin this time, Silesia became ane of the warld's mucklest producers of coal, wi a record tonnage in 1979.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> The coal minin dwined durin the nixt twa decades, but haes gaen up again follaein the end of Communist maistry. [[File:KWK_Bolesław_Śmiały_01.jpg|thumb|Bolesław Śmiały Coal Mine, Łaziska Górne]] The 41 coal mines in Silesia are maistly pairt of the Iver Silesian Coal Basin, whilk liggs in the Silesian Braes. The coalfield haes an area of about {{Convert|4,500|km2|mi2}}.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> Deposits in Nether Silesia hae kyth'd tae be a trauchle tae mak yuise of an the area's onprofitable mines wir steekit in 2000.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl" /> In 2008, an upcuissen 35&nbsp;billion tonnes of lignite fordels wir fund near Legnica, makin thaim some of the mucklest in the warld.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mamy największe złoża węgla brunatnego na świecie|url=http://www.gazetawyborcza.pl/1,82244,4820533.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20120503194935/http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/1,114873,4820533.html|archive-date=2012-05-03|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Gazetawyborcza.pl|language=pl}}</ref> Frae the fowerth century BC, airn ore haes been mined in the braes of Silesia.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> The samen while haed leid, capper, siller, an gowd minin. Zinc, cadmium, arsenic, an [[uranium]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wise International &#124; World Information Service on Energy|url=http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/index.html?http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/439-440/poland.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010053346/http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/index.html?http%3A%2F%2Fwww10.antenna.nl%2Fwise%2F439-440%2Fpoland.html|archive-date=10 October 2007|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=0.antenna.nl}}</ref> hev been mined in the region forbye. Nether Silesia features lairge capper minin an processing atween the ceities of [[Legnica]], Głogów, Lubin, and Polkowice. In the Middle Ages, gowd (Polish: złoto) an siller (Polish: srebro) wir mined in the region, whilk is refleckit in the names of the umwhile minin touns of [[Złotoryja]], Złoty Stok an Srebrna Góra. The region is kent for stane quarrying tae produce limestane, marl, mairble, an basalt.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Silesia</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Polish-language text">''Śląsk''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Polish language|Polish]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Silesian-language text">''Ślōnsk''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Silesian language|Silesian]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Czech-language text">''Slezsko''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Czech language|Czech]])</span><br /><br /><span title="German-language text">''Schlesien''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[German language|German]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Lower Silesian-language text">''Schläsing''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Lower Silesian language|Nether Silesian]])</span></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Historical region]]</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Multiple image/styles.css" wrapper=".tmulti"></templatestyles><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Ksiaz_w_jesiennej_scenerii.jpg|127x127px|Książ Castle, Wałbrzych]]</div><div>Książ Castle</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Wrocław_square.jpg|127x127px|Wrocław Old Town]]</div><div>Wrocław Auld Toun</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:84px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Market_Square_Opole_Southside_2019.jpg|127x127px|Opole Old Town]]</div><div>[[Opole]] Auld Toun</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:84px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Spodek.4.jpg|127x127px|Spodek multipurpose arena, Katowice]]</div><div>Spodek, Katowice</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Deptak_Zielona_Góra.jpg|127x127px|Zielona Góra Old Town]]</div><div>Zielona Góra</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Opava,_Horní_náměstí,_divadlo_a_konkatedrála,_01.jpg|127x127px|Horní náměstí, Opava]]</div><div>Opava</div></div></div></div></div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable" |<templatestyles src="Infobox settlement/columns/styles.css" /> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell">[[File:Silesian_Eagles_CoA.png|150x150px]]<div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Blasoun</div></div></div></div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="switcher-container"><div>[[File:Ślůnsk_1335-1675.png|frameless]]<span class="switcher-label" data-switcher-default="" style="display:none">Show Silesia 1335-1675</span></div><div>[[File:Ślůnsk_apx_1815_-1945.png|frameless]]<span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show Silesia 1815-1939</span></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Ducheries & Province of Silesia on Mid-European kairt</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Coordinates: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Silesia&params=51.6_N_17.2_E_region:PL_type:city <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°36′N</span> <span class="longitude">17°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xFEFF; / &#xFEFF;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.6°N 17.2°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xFEFF; / <span class="geo">51.6; 17.2</span></span></span>]</span></span><indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Silesia&params=51.6_N_17.2_E_region:PL_type:city <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°36′N</span> <span class="longitude">17°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.6°N 17.2°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">51.6; 17.2</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kintra | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist "> * [[Poland]] * [[Czech Republic]] * [[Germany]] </div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mucklest ceity | class="infobox-data" |[[Wrocław]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Umwhile saet | class="infobox-data" |[[Wrocław]] (Nether Silesia)<br /><br />[[Opole]] (Iver Silesia) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">&nbsp;•Aathegither</div> | class="infobox-data" |40,400&nbsp;km² (15,600&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Popular<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">&nbsp;•&nbsp;Aathegither</div> | class="infobox-data" |c. 8,000,000 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Thrangness | class="infobox-data" |200/km² (520/sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Demonym]] | class="infobox-data" |Silesian |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone]] | class="infobox-data" |UTC+1 ([[Central European Time|CET]]) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="nowrap">&nbsp;•&nbsp;Simmer ([[Daylicht savin time|DST]])</span> | class="infobox-data" |UTC+2 (CEST) |} {| class="wikitable col2right" |+'''Annwal throu-pit of minerals in Silesia''' !Mineral name !Throu-pit (tonnes) !Ref. |- |Bituminous coal |95,000,000 | |- |Capper |571,000 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 July 2011|title=Copper: World Smelter Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/copper/copper_t21.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Zinc |160,000 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 July 2004|title=Zinc: World Smelter Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/zinc/zinc_table18.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Siller |1,200 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 August 2004|title=Silver: World Mine Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/silver/silver_table08.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Cadmium |500 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 May 2012|title=Cadmium: World Refinery Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/cadmium/cadmium_t5.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Leid |70,000 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 June 2005|title=Lead: World Refinery Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/lead/lead_t16.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |} The region alsae haes a weel-daein lawbourage sector, whilk produces cereals (white, rye, barley, aits, stuff), tatties, rapeseed, succar beets and siclike. Milk throu-pit is weel developed. The Opole Silesia haes for decades taen the tap spat in Poland for their indices of effective yuise of pleu laund.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Samorząd Województwa Opolskiego|url=http://umwo.opole.pl/serwis/index.php?id=2009|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Umwo.opole.pl}}</ref> Montanous pairts of southren Silesia features mony particular an hertsome tourism destinations (e.g., Karpacz, Szczyrk, Wisła). Silesia is maistly weel forestit. This is because greenness is maistly heichly socht efter bi the local popular, mairbetoken in the heichly industrialized pairts of Silesia. == Demographics == Silesia haes been historically diverse in aa pairts. Nouadays, the mucklest pairt of Silesia is locate in Poland; it is aften cried ane of the maist diverse pairts in thon kintra. The Unitit States Immigration Commission, in its ''Dictionary of Races or Fowk'' (published in 1911, whan gey muckle nummers of fowk frae Silesia wir flittin till the Unitit States), consithert Silesian as a geographical (nae ethnic) term, beirin the inhaibitants of Silesia. The existence of baith Polish Silesian an German Silesian dialecks thereawa wis mintioned forbye.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dillingham|first=William Paul|url=https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofrace00unitrich#page/128/mode/1up/search/Silesian|title=Dictionary of Races or Peoples|last2=Folkmar|first2=Daniel|last3=Folkmar|first3=Elnora|publisher=Washington, Government Printing Office|year=1911|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=128}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Dillingham|first=William Paul|url=https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofrace00unitrich#page/105/mode/1up|title=Dictionary of Races or Peoples|last2=Folkmar|first2=Daniel|last3=Folkmar|first3=Elnora|publisher=Washington, Government Printing Office|others=United States. Immigration Commission (1907–1910)|year=1911|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=105, 128}}</ref> === Ceities an touns === The follaein table taks in the ceities and touns in Silesia with a popular greater nor 20,000 (2026).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-04-29|title=Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2025. As of 31 December (table IV)|url=https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-division-in-2025-as-of-31-december,3,39.html|access-date=2026-06-04|publisher=[[Statistics Poland]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-18|title=Population in municipalities as at 1. 1.|url=https://data.csu.gov.cz/datastat/data/VYBER/OBY02AT02|website=DataStat|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! style="width:1%;" | ! style="width:1%;" | !Name ! style="width:6%;" |Popular ! style="width:11%;" |Area ! style="width:4%;" |Kintra !Admeinistrative ! style="width:15%;" |Historic subregion |- style="text-align:center;" |1 |[[File:Herb_wroclaw.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Wrocław]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |672,601 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|293|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |2 |[[File:Ostrava_CoA_CZ.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Ostrava'''* | style="text-align:center;" |280,853 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|214|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia/[[Moravie|Moravia]] |- style="text-align:center;" |3 |[[File:Katowice_Herb.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Katowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |277,415 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|165|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |4 |[[File:Gliwice_herb.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Gliwice''' | style="text-align:center;" |166,942 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|134|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |5 |[[File:POL_Bielsko-Biała_COA.svg|center|48x48px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bielsko-Biała'''* | style="text-align:center;" |163,164 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|125|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia/Lesser Poland |- style="text-align:center;" |6 |[[File:POL_Zabrze_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Zabrze''' | style="text-align:center;" |150,780 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|80|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |7 |[[File:Bytom_herb.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bytom''' | style="text-align:center;" |144,598 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|69|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |8 |[[File:POL_Zielona_Góra_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Zielona Góra''' | style="text-align:center;" |138,476 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|58|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |9 |[[File:POL_Rybnik_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Rybnik]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |128,788 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|148|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |10 |[[File:POL_Ruda_Śląska_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Ruda Śląska''' | style="text-align:center;" |127,601 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|78|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |11 |[[File:POL_Opole_COA.svg|center|34x34px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Opole]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |126,623 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|97|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |12 |[[File:POL_Tychy_COA.svg|center|27x27px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Tychy''' | style="text-align:center;" |120,081 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|82|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |13 |[[File:Chorzów_herb.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Chorzów''' | style="text-align:center;" |98,418 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|33|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |14 |[[File:POL_Wałbrzych_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Wałbrzych]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |97,546 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|85|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |15 |[[File:Legnica_herb.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Legnica]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |89,919 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|56|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |16 |[[File:POL_Jastrzębie-Zdrój_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Jastrzębie-Zdrój''' | style="text-align:center;" |80,527 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|85|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |17 |[[File:POL_Jelenia_Góra_COA_1.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Jelenia Góra''' | style="text-align:center;" |73,470 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|109|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |18 |[[File:POL_Mysłowice_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Mysłowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |70,160 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|66|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |19 |[[File:Havirov_CoA.png|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Havířov''' | style="text-align:center;" |67,998 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|32|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |20 |[[File:POL_Lubin_COA.svg|center|27x27px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Lubin''' | style="text-align:center;" |65,961 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|41|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |21 |[[File:POL_Siemianowice_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Siemianowice Śląskie''' | style="text-align:center;" |62,311 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|25|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |22 |[[File:POL_Żory_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Żory''' | style="text-align:center;" |61,857 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|65|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |23 |[[File:Herb_TarnowskieGory.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Tarnowskie Góry''' | style="text-align:center;" |61,001 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|84|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |24 |[[File:POL_Głogów_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Głogów''' | style="text-align:center;" |60,605 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|35|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |25 |[[File:Wappen_Goerlitz_vector.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Görlitz'''** | style="text-align:center;" |55,186 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|68|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|GER}} | style="text-align:center;" |{{Flagicon|Saxony}} [[Saxony]] |Nether Silesia{{Efn|Historically part of [[Lusatia]], Görlitz and Zgorzelec were considered part of Lower Silesia in the years 1319–1329 and 1815–1945.}} |- style="text-align:center;" |26 |[[File:Opava_CoA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Opava''' | style="text-align:center;" |54,881 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|91|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |27 |[[File:Frýdek_Místek_CoA_CZ.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Frýdek-Místek'''* | style="text-align:center;" |53,164 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|52|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia/Moravia |- style="text-align:center;" |28 |[[File:POL_Kędzierzyn-Koźle_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Kędzierzyn-Koźle''' | style="text-align:center;" |53,140 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|124|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |29 |[[File:POL_Świdnica_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świdnica''' | style="text-align:center;" |51,357 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|22|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |30 |[[File:POL_Piekary_Śląskie_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Piekary Śląskie''' | style="text-align:center;" |51,030 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|40|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |31 |[[File:POL_Racibórz_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Racibórz]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |48,750 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|75|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |32 |[[File:Karwina_herb.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Karviná]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |48,684 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|58|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |33 |[[File:POL_Świętochłowice_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świętochłowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |44,621 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|13|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |34 |[[File:POL_Wodzisław_Śląski_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Wodzisław Śląski''' | style="text-align:center;" |44,017 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|50|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |35 |[[File:POL_Mikołów_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Mikołów''' | style="text-align:center;" |41,478 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|79|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |36 |[[File:POL_Nysa_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Nysa''' | style="text-align:center;" |39,887 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|27|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |37 |[[File:POL_Bolesławiec_COA_1.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bolesławiec''' | style="text-align:center;" |36,642 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|24|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |38 |[[File:POL_Nowa_Sól_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Nowa Sól''' | style="text-align:center;" |35,230 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|22|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |39 |[[File:Herb_Knurów-2018.png|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Knurów''' | style="text-align:center;" |34,919 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|34|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |40 |[[File:POL_Oleśnica_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Oleśnica''' | style="text-align:center;" |34,676 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|21|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |41 |[[File:POL_Czechowice-Dziedzice_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Czechowice-Dziedzice''' | style="text-align:center;" |34,564 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|33|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |42 |[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Třinec.svg|center|34x34px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Třinec''' | style="text-align:center;" |33,523 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|85|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |43 |[[File:POL_Oława_COA.svg|center|33x33px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Oława''' | style="text-align:center;" |32,928 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|27|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |44 |[[File:POL_Brzeg_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Brzeg''' | style="text-align:center;" |32,724 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|15|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |45 |[[File:POL_Cieszyn_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Cieszyn''' | style="text-align:center;" |32,217 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|29|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |46 |[[File:Wappen_Hoyerswerda.PNG|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Hoyerswerda'''** | style="text-align:center;" |30,759 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|96|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|GER}} | style="text-align:center;" |{{Flagicon|Saxony}} Saxony |Nether Silesia{{Efn|Historically part of Lusatia, Hoyerswerda was considered part of Lower Silesia in the years 1825–1945.}} |- style="text-align:center;" |47 |[[File:POL_Dzierżoniów_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Dzierżoniów''' | style="text-align:center;" |30,014 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|20|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |48 |[[File:POL_Zgorzelec_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Zgorzelec'''** | style="text-align:center;" |28,095 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|16|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia[b] |- style="text-align:center;" |49 |[[File:POL_Bielawa_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bielawa''' | style="text-align:center;" |27,480 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|36|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |50 |[[File:Orlová_znak.png|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Orlová''' | style="text-align:center;" |27,383 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|25|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |51 |[[File:POL_Lubliniec_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Lubliniec''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,931 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|89|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |52 |[[File:Cesky_Tesin_CoA.png|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Český Těšín''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,870 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|34|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |53 |[[File:POL_Żagań_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Żagań''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,800 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|40|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |54 |[[File:Krnov_znak.png|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Krnov''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,303 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|44|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |55 |[[File:POL_Orzesze_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Orzesze''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,242 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|84|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |56 |[[File:POL_Świebodzice_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świebodzice''' | style="text-align:center;" |21,469 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|30|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |57 |[[File:POL_Kluczbork_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Kluczbork''' | style="text-align:center;" |21,232 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|12|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |58 |[[File:POL_Polkowice_COA_2022.svg|center|27x27px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Polkowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,832 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|24|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |59 |[[File:POL_Łaziska_Górne_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Łaziska Górne''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,826 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|21|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |60 |[[File:POL_Świebodzin_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świebodzin''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,480 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|11|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |61 |[[File:Bohumin_CoA_CZ.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bohumín''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,234 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|31|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |} <nowiki>*</nowiki> Anelie pairt in Silesia<gallery> File:Old_Town_Hall_in_Wrocław,_September_2022_07.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Old_Town_Hall_in_Wroc%C5%82aw,_September_2022_07.jpg|[[:en:Wrocław|Wrocław]] File:Masarykovo_namesti.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Masarykovo_namesti.jpg|[[:en:Ostrava|Ostrava]] File:Katowice_Rynek.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Katowice_Rynek.jpg|[[:en:Katowice|Katowice]] File:6588vik_Gliwice._Foto_Barbara_Maliszewska.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6588vik_Gliwice._Foto_Barbara_Maliszewska.jpg|[[:en:Gliwice|Gliwice]] File:Ratusz_Bielsko-Biała.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ratusz_Bielsko-Bia%C5%82a.JPG|[[:en:Bielsko-Biała|Bielsko-Biała]] File:Zabrze_post_office.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Zabrze_post_office.jpg|[[:en:Zabrze|Zabrze]] File:Rynek_w_Bytomiu_2020.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rynek_w_Bytomiu_2020.jpg|[[:en:Bytom|Bytom]] File:Ratusz_i_Stary_Rynek_w_Zielonej_Górze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ratusz_i_Stary_Rynek_w_Zielonej_G%C3%B3rze.jpg|[[:en:Zielona_Góra|Zielona Góra]] File:Rynek_w_Rybniku_1.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rynek_w_Rybniku_1.JPG|[[:en:Rybnik|Rybnik]] File:Plac_Jana_Pawła_II_w_Nowym_Bytomiu.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Plac_Jana_Paw%C5%82a_II_w_Nowym_Bytomiu.jpg|[[:en:Ruda_Śląska|Ruda Śląska]] File:Opole_0001.7_-_widok_na_Stare_Miasto.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Opole_0001.7_-_widok_na_Stare_Miasto.jpg|[[:en:Opole|Opole]] File:Tychy_Stare._Rynek1.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tychy_Stare._Rynek1.JPG|[[:en:Tychy|Tychy]] File:Chorzów_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG|[[:en:Chorzów|Chorzów]] File:Wałbrzych_-_Rynek_03.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wa%C5%82brzych_-_Rynek_03.jpg|[[:en:Wałbrzych|Wałbrzych]] File:Legnica_-_Rynek_-_Dawny_Ratusz_01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Legnica_-_Rynek_-_Dawny_Ratusz_01.jpg|[[:en:Legnica|Legnica]] File:Pałac_w_Boryni_7.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pa%C5%82ac_w_Boryni_7.JPG|[[:en:Jastrzębie-Zdrój|Jastrzębie-Zdrój]] File:Horni-namesti1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Horni-namesti1.jpg|[[:en:Opava|Opava]] File:SM_Brzeg_Ratusz_2023_(1).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SM_Brzeg_Ratusz_2023_(1).jpg|[[:en:Brzeg|Brzeg]] </gallery> == Flags an blasouns == The signs of Nether Silesia an Iver Silesia hae their founds in the signs of the Piasts of Nether Silesia an Iver Silesia. The blasoun of Iver Silesia depicts the gowden earn on the blue shiel. The blasoun of Nether Silesia depicts a black earn on a gowden (yella) shiel.<gallery> File:DEU_Oberschlesien_1926-1945_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DEU_Oberschlesien_1926-1945_COA.svg|Blasoun of the Prussian [[:en:Province_of_Upper_Silesia|province of Iver Silesia]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_śląskie_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg|[[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Silesian_Voivodeship|Blasoun of the Silesian Voivodeship]] File:POL_województwo_opolskie_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_opolskie_COA.svg|[[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Opole_Voivodeship|The blasoun of the Opolskie Voivodeship]] File:Henryk_I_Probus_herb.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henryk_I_Probus_herb.png|Blasoun of Duke [[:en:Henry_Probus|Henry Probus]] File:Wappen_Herzogtum_Schlesien.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Herzogtum_Schlesien.png|Blasoun of [[:en:Austrian_Silesia|Austrian Silesia]] (1742–1918) File:Wappen_Provinz_Niederschlesien.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Provinz_Niederschlesien.png|Prussian [[:en:Province_of_Lower_Silesia|province of Nether Silesia]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg|Blasoun of the [[:en:Lower_Silesia_Voivodeship|Nether Silesia Voivodeship]] File:Znak_Slezska.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Znak_Slezska.svg|Blasoun of [[:en:Czech_Silesia|Czech Silesia]] </gallery>Flags wi their colors refer tae the blasoun of Silesia.<gallery> File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Oberschlesien.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flagge_Preu%C3%9Fen_-_Provinz_Oberschlesien.svg|[[:en:Flag_of_Upper_Silesia|Flag of Prussian Iver Silesia province]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg|Flag of Silesia Voivodeship File:Flag_of_Czech_Silesia.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Czech_Silesia.svg|Flag of the Austrian Silesia (1742–1918), an Czech Silesia File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Schlesien.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flagge_Preu%C3%9Fen_-_Provinz_Schlesien.svg|[[:en:Flag_of_Silesia_and_Lower_Silesia|Flag of Prussian Nether Silesia province]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg|Flag of Nether Silesia Voivodeship </gallery> == Warld Heritage Steids == <gallery mode="packed-hover" widths="200px" heights="160px"> File:Swidnica-_Kosciol_Pokoju_02.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Swidnica-_Kosciol_Pokoju_02.jpg|Kirks of Peace, Świdnica an Jawor File:Wrocław_-_Jahrhunderthalle5.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wroc%C5%82aw_-_Jahrhunderthalle5.jpg|Centennial Haa, [[Wrocław]] File:SZTOLNIA_GŁĘBOKA_FRYDERYK_-_część_trasy_turystycznej_pn._Sztolnia_Czarnego_Pastrąga.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SZTOLNIA_G%C5%81%C4%98BOKA_FRYDERYK_-_cz%C4%99%C5%9B%C4%87_trasy_turystycznej_pn._Sztolnia_Czarnego_Pastr%C4%85ga.jpg|Historic Siller Mine, Tarnowskie Góry File:Das_Neue_Schloss_im_Park.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Das_Neue_Schloss_im_Park.jpg|Muskau Pairk, Łęknica an Bad Muskau<ref>Łęknica and Bad Muskau were considered part of Silesia in years 1815–1945.</ref> </gallery> == Relatit links == * == Notes == == References == == Sources == * {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Silesia|volume=25|pages=90–92}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Czapliński|editor1-first=Marek|editor2-last=Wiszewski|editor2-first=Przemysław|encyclopedia=Region Divided - Times of Nation-States (1918-1945)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/64229/Cuius_regio_vol_4.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2014|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=4|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-927132-8-9}} * {{Cite book|last=Długajczyk|first=Edward|title=Tajny front na granicy cieszyńskiej. Wywiad i dywersja w latach 1919–1939|publisher=Śląsk|year=1993|isbn=83-85831-03-7|location=[[Katowice]]|author-link=Edward Długajczyk}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Harc|editor1-first=Lucyna|editor2-last=Wąs|editor2-first=Gabriela|encyclopedia=The Strengthening of Silesian Regionalism (1526-1740)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/73766/Cuius_regio_vol_2.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2014|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=2|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-927132-6-5}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Harc|editor1-first=Lucyna|editor2-last=Kulak|editor2-first=Teresa|encyclopedia=Silesia under the Authority of the Hohenzollerns (1741-1918)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/79021/Cuius_regio_vol_3.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2015|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=3|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-942651-3-7}} * {{Cite book|last=Plater|first=Stanisław|url=https://obc.opole.pl/Content/8541/download/|title=Jeografia wschodniéy części Europy czyli Opis krajów przez wielorakie narody słowiańskie zamieszkanych : obejmujący Prussy, Xsięztwo Poznańskie, Szląsk Pruski, Gallicyą, Rzeczpospolitę Krakowską, Krolestwo Polskie i Litwę|publisher=Wilhelm Bogumił Korn|year=1825|location=Wrocław|language=pl|trans-title=Geography of the Eastern Part of Europe, or Description of the Countries inhabited by Various Slavic Nations: Including Prussia, the Duchy of Posen, Prussian Silesia, Galicia, the Republic of Cracow, the Kingdom of Poland, and Lithuania|author-link=Stanisław Plater}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor-last=Przemysław|editor-first=Wiszewski|encyclopedia=The Long Formation of the Region (c. 1000–1526)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/49790/Cuius_regio_vol_1.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2013|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=1|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-927132-1-0}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor-last=Wiszewski|editor-first=Przemysław|encyclopedia=Permanent Change - The New Region(s) of Silesia (1945-2015)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/76597/Cuius_regio_vol_5.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2015|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=5|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-942651-2-0}} * {{Cite book|last=Zahradnik|first=Stanisław|title=Korzenie Zaolzia|last2=Marek Ryczkowski|publisher=PAI-press|year=1992|location=Warszawa - Praga - Trzyniec|oclc=177389723}} == Wabsteid links == * {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070727142251/http://brws.silesia-region.pl/indexang.php|date=27 July 2007|title=Silesia in Europe page}} * [http://www.hoeckmann.de/germany/silesia.htm Map of Silesia in 1763] * [http://www.vogel-soya.de/bilder/Schlesphoto.html Old postcards from Silesian towns] * [http://www.schlesierland.de/index.html Photos from Silesian towns, villages and communities before 1946] * [http://culture.pl/en/article/what-is-silesia What is Silesia?] * [https://mapy.com/en/zakladni?q=Slezsko%20-%20s%20moravsk%C3%BDmi%20enkl%C3%A1vami&source=area&id=191266&ds=1&x=17.1035242&y=50.7247522&z=7 Borders of Silesia with Moravian enclaves] on Mapy.com <nowiki> [[Category:Coordinates on Wikidata]] [[Category:Airticles conteenin German-leid text]] [[Category:Airticles conteenin Czech-leid text]] [[Category:Airticles conteenin Pols-leid text]]</nowiki> dmzizi5luho6u722606ugst7gz4uemy 918131 918130 2026-06-17T15:44:39Z PurpleDinosaur585 129975 918131 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Silesia</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Polish-language text">''Śląsk''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Polish language|Polish]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Silesian-language text">''Ślōnsk''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Silesian language|Silesian]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Czech-language text">''Slezsko''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Czech language|Czech]])</span><br /><br /><span title="German-language text">''Schlesien''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[German language|German]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Lower Silesian-language text">''Schläsing''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Lower Silesian language|Nether Silesian]])</span></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Historical region]]</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Multiple image/styles.css" wrapper=".tmulti"></templatestyles><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Ksiaz_w_jesiennej_scenerii.jpg|127x127px|Książ Castle, Wałbrzych]]</div><div>Książ Castle</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Wrocław_square.jpg|127x127px|Wrocław Old Town]]</div><div>Wrocław Auld Toun</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:84px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Market_Square_Opole_Southside_2019.jpg|127x127px|Opole Old Town]]</div><div>[[Opole]] Auld Toun</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:84px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Spodek.4.jpg|127x127px|Spodek multipurpose arena, Katowice]]</div><div>Spodek, Katowice</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Deptak_Zielona_Góra.jpg|127x127px|Zielona Góra Old Town]]</div><div>Zielona Góra</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Opava,_Horní_náměstí,_divadlo_a_konkatedrála,_01.jpg|127x127px|Horní náměstí, Opava]]</div><div>Opava</div></div></div></div></div> |- | colspan="2" |[[File:Silesian_Eagles_CoA.png|center|150x150px]]Blasoun |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="switcher-container"><div>[[File:Ślůnsk_1335-1675.png|center|frameless]]<span class="switcher-label" data-switcher-default="" style="display:none">Show Silesia 1335-1675</span></div><div>[[File:Ślůnsk_apx_1815_-1945.png|center|frameless]]<span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show Silesia 1815-1939</span></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Ducheries & Province of Silesia on Mid-European kairt</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Silesia&params=51.6_N_17.2_E_region:PL_type:city <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°36′N</span> <span class="longitude">17°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xFEFF; / &#xFEFF;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.6°N 17.2°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xFEFF; / <span class="geo">51.6; 17.2</span></span></span>]</span></span> |- class="mergedtoprow" | class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kintra | class="infobox-data" |<div class="plainlist "> * [[Poland]] * [[Czech Republic]] * [[Germany]] </div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mucklest ceity | class="infobox-data" |[[Wrocław]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Umwhile saet | class="infobox-data" |[[Wrocław]] (Nether Silesia)<br /><br />[[Opole]] (Iver Silesia) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-header" |Area * Aathegither<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> !40,400&nbsp;km² (15,600&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Populace * Aathegither * Thrangness | class="infobox-data" |c. 8,000,000 200/km² (520/sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Demonym]] | class="infobox-data" |Silesian |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone]] * <span class="nowrap">Simmer ([[Daylicht savin time|DST]])</span> | class="infobox-data" |UTC+1 ([[Central European Time|CET]]) UTC+2 (CEST) |} '''Silesia'''{{Efn|{{IPAc-en|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʒ|ə|,_|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʃ|i|ə}} {{respell|sy|LEE|zhə|,_|sy|LEE|shee|ə}}, {{IPAc-en|UKalso|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|z|i|ə}} {{respell|sy|LEE|zee|ə}}, {{IPAc-en|USalso|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʒ|i|ə|,_|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʃ|ə|,_|s|ɪ|ˈ|l|iː|-}} {{respell|sy|LEE|zhee|ə|,_|sy|LEE|shə|,_|sil|EE|-}}.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Silesia|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/silesia|title=Silesia|work=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Silesia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723000000/http://www.lexico.com/definition/Silesia |url-status=dead |archive-date=2019-07-23 |title=Silesia |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Silesia|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref>}} (tak a scance till the names ablow) is a historical pairt of Mid Europe that nou liggs maistly intil [[Poland]], wi smaa pairts in the Czech Republic an [[Germany]]. Its area is about {{Convert|40000|km2|-2}}, an the populace is upcuissen at 8,000,000. Silesia is riven intae twa maist subregions, Nether Silesia bewast an Iver Silesia be-east. Situate alang the [[Oder]] River, wi the [[Sudetes|Sudeten Bens]] raxin athort the southren mairch, Silesia is a heichly industrialised region rife of mineral an naitural resources. The mucklest toun an Nether Silesia's capital is [[Wrocław]]; the historic capital of Iver Silesia is [[Opole]]. The mucklest metropolitan airt is the Katowice metropolitan airt, the hert of whilk is Katowice. Pairts of the Czech toun of Ostrava an the German toun of Görlitz are situate intil Silesia's historic mairches. Silesia’s culture reflecks its wimpled history an diverse influences, takin in Polish, Czech, an German swatches. The region is kent for its unique Silesian language (spoken yet bi a smaa feck of fowk bidin in Iver Silesia), brawlie decored hamelt graith, hairty regional cuisine, an a mixter-maxter of [[Gothic airchitectur|Gothic]], Baroque, an industrial-era architectur seen in its ceities an touns. The region conteens mony historical meiths an [[Warld Heritage Steid|UNESCO Warld Heritage Steids]]. Silesia's mairches an national affiliation haes chyngit throu time, baith whan it wis a heirship aucht of [[Feudalism|noble housses]] an efter the rise of our ain day [[Naition state|nation-states]], resultin in a rowth of castles an stranghauds, mairbetoken in the Jelenia Góra vailley. First heild bi Great Moravia in the back end of the 9t century an Bohemia in the fore-end of the 10t century, Silesia wis taen intae the ear Polish state, and efter its feudal dividin in the 12t century it creatit the Duchery of Silesia. As a result of farrer division, it wis daled intae individual ducheries, ruled bi diverse lines of the Polish Piast dynasty. In the 14t century, it haed become ane of the territories belanging the Bohemian Croun Launds unner the [[Halie Romane Rik|Halie Roman Empire]], the whilk wis gien the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy in 1526; housomever, a wheen of ducheries bedd unner the maistry of Polish dukes (Piast, [[Jagiellonian dynasty|Jagiellon]], Sobieski) as feu'd Bohemian [[Feudalism|feus]]. As a result of the Silesian Weirs, the pairt wis annexed bi [[Kinrick o Proushie|Prussia]] frae Austria in 1742 an syne became pairt of the [[German Empire]] in 1871. Efter [[Warld War I|Warld Weir I]], whan the Poles an Czechs haed wun back their independence, the eastmaist part of Iver Silesia became pairt of Poland bi the decision of the Entente Pouers efter upsets bi Poles an the Iver Silesian plebiscite, while the lave of the umwhile Austrian pairts of Silesia wir daled atween [[Czechoslovakie|Czechoslovakia]] an Poland. Durin [[Warld War II|Warld Weir II]], as a result of German occupation the haill region wis unner the maistry of [[Nazi Germany]]. In 1945, efter Warld Weir II, maist of the German-heild Silesia wis transferred tae Polish jurisdiction wi the Potsdam Greement atween the victorious Allies and became pairt of Poland. The smaa Lusatian skelp bewast the Oder–Neisse line, the whilk haed belanged Silesia sin 1815, became pairt of [[East Germany]]. Ower the heids of the forced popular shifts in 1945–48, the day's indwallers of Silesia speaks the national leids of their respective kintras. Umwhile German-speakin Nether Silesia haes developed a new mell'd Polish dialeck an new-farrant graith. There is ongaun debate anent whither the Silesian leid, commonly spoken in Iver Silesia, shid be consithert a dialeck of [[Pols leid|Polish]] or a sindry langidge. The Nether Silesian German dialeck is aweers of deein out ower the heids of its speakers' gettin herriet out. == Etymology == The names of Silesia in different leids maist likely skairs their etymology—the Polish: Śląsk {{IPA|pl|ɕlɔ̃sk||Pl-Śląsk.ogg}}; the German: Schlesien {{IPA|de|ˈʃleːzi̯ən||De-Schlesien.ogg}}; the Czech: Slezsko {{IPA|cs|ˈslɛsko|}}; the Nether Silesian: Schläsing; the Silesian: Ślōnsk {{IPA|szl|ɕlonsk|}}; the Nether Sorbian: Šlazyńska {{IPA|dsb|ˈʃlazɨnʲska|}}; the Iver Sorbian: Šleska {{IPA|hsb|ˈʃlɛska|}}; the Slovak: Sliezsko; [[Laitin|the Laitin]], the Spainish an the English: ''Silesia''; the French: Silésie; the Dutch: Silezië; the Italian: Slesia. The names aa effeir tae the name of a river (nou kent as Ślęza) an ben (Ben Ślęża) in mid-southren Silesia, the whilk sair'd as a releigious steid for pagans afore Christianization. ''Ślęża'' is listed as ane of the num'rous Pre-Indo-European topographic names in the region (tak a scance till [[:en:Old_European_hydronymy|auld European hydronymy]]). Frae the wittins of a puckle [[Pols leid|Polonists]], the name ''Ślęża'' {{IPA|pl|ˈɕlɛ̃ʐa|}} or ''Ślęż'' {{IPA|pl|ɕlɛ̃ʂ|}} is sib tae the Auld Polish wirds ''ślęg'' {{IPA|pl|ɕlɛŋk|}} or ''śląg'' {{IPA|pl|ɕlɔŋk|}}, meanin dunkieness, moister, or humidity. They differ wi the hypothesis that the name ''Śląsk'' haes its ruits in the name of the Silings tribe. In Polish day-tae-day speech, "Śląsk" refers tae traditionally Polish Iver Silesia an the day's Silesian Voivodeship, but less tae Nether Silesia, whilk is unalike frae Iver Silesia in mony pairts sin the feck of its popular spoke German frae roun about the mid-19t century up ontill 1945–48.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Andreas Lawaty, Hubert Orłowski|title=Deutsche und Polen: Geschichte, Kultur, Politik|publisher=C.H.Beck|year=2003|page=183|language=de}}</ref> == History == [[File:Polska_960_-_992.svg|left|thumb|200x200px|Kairt of Poland wi Silesia (''Śląsk'') in the year 992 durin the maistry of Mieszko I]] In the fowert century BC frae the south, throu the Kłodzko Vailley, the Celts made ingangins intil Silesia, an made hame around Ben Ślęża nearhand our ain day [[Wrocław]], Oława an Strzelin. Germanic Lugii tribes wir first recordit athin Silesia in the 1t century BC. [[Wast Slavs]] an Lechites wan till the pairt roun about the 7t century, an bi the ear ninth century, their colonies haed become stabilised. Local Wast Slavs stertit upsettin boundary structures like the Silesian Przesieka an the Silesia Waws. The easten mairch of Silesian sattlement wis situate bewast the Bytom, an be-east [[Racibórz]] an Cieszyn. East of this line wonned a sib Lechitic tribe kent as the Vistulans. Their northern mairch wis in the howe of the Barycz River, an abuin this bedd the Wastren Polans tribe that gied Poland its name. The first kent states in Silesia wis Greater Moravia an Bohemia. In the 10t century, the Polish ruler Mieszko I of the Piast dynasty haed taen Silesia intae the newly foundit Polish state. In 1000, the Diocie of Wrocław wis foundit as the auldest [[Catholic Kirk|Catholic]] diocie in the region, an ane of the auldest diocies in Poland, thirled tae the Roman Catholic Archdiocie of Gniezno. Poland repelled German invasions of Silesia in 1017 at Niemcza an in 1109 at Głogów. Durin the Feudal Dividin of Poland, Silesia and the lave of the kintra wis pairtit intae mony smawer ducheries ruled bi sindry Silesian dukes. In 1178, pairts of the Duchery of Kraków roun about Bytom, Oświęcim, [[Chrzanów]], an Siewierz were transferred tae the Silesian Piasts, even tho their popular wis feckly Vistulan an nae of Silesian stock. [[File:Silesia_1172-1177.jpg|thumb|226x226px|Silesia in the fore-end of Poland's feudal division, 1172–1177, Nether Silesia wi Lubusz Laund in orange, Iver Silesia in green an yella]] Walloons came tae Silesia as ane of the foremaist fremmit incomer wheens in [[Poland]], maist likely makin hame in Wrocław syne the 12th century, wi farrer Walloon incomers invited bi Duke Henry the Bairdit in the ear 13t century. Sin the 13t century, German cultural an ethnic influence gaed up as a result of incomers frae German-speakin states of the [[Halie Romane Rik|Holy Roman Empire]]. The foremaist designin of municipal privileges in Poland haed taen place in the toun of [[Złotoryja]] bi Henry the Bairdit. Medieval municipal richts modelled efter Lwówek Śląski an Środa Śląska, baith foundit bi Henry the Bairdit, haed become the founds of the municipal form of government for a curnie ceities an touns in Poland, an twa of five local Polish forms of medieval toun richts. The Beuk of Henryków, the whilk conteens the earest kent sentence written in the Polish leid, as weel as a writ conteenin the auldest prented text in the Polish, wis creatit in Henryków an Wrocław in Silesia, respectively. In 1241, the [[Mongol Empire|Mongols]] cairried out their first invasion of Poland, creatin rife pilget an mass flicht. They reived the feck of the region an defaitit the jyned Polish, Moravian an German forces heidit bi Duke Henry II the Pious at the Stour of Legnica, whilk haed taen place at Legnickie Pole nearhand [[Legnica]]. Straicht efter the daith of Orda Khan, the Mongols decidit nae to bensel farrer intae Europe, but gaed back east tae tak pairt in the election of a new Grand Khan (heid yin). Atween 1289 an 1292, Bohemian king Wenceslaus II became ''suzerain'' of a puckle of the Iver Silesian ducheries. Polish monarchs haedna gien ower their heirship richts tae Silesia ontill 1335. The province became pairt of the Bohemian Croun whilk wis pairt of the Hailie Roman Empire; houaniver, a wheen of ducheries bedd unner the maistry of the Polish dukes frae the housses of Piast, [[Jagiellonian dynasty|Jagiellon]] and Sobieski as feu'd Bohemian feus (a puckle ontill the 17t–18t centuries). Atween 1469 an 1490, the pairt was unner the maistry of Matthias Corvinus, wha mountit the Bohemian throne. In 1526 Silesia wis haundit ower wi the Bohemian Crown tae the Habsburg monarchy. In the 15t century, a curnie chynges wir made tae Silesia's mairches. Pairts of the territories that haed gotten transferred tae the Silesian Piasts in 1178 wir coff't wi the Polish kings in the saicont hauf of the 15t century (the Duchery of Oświęcim in 1457; the Duchery of Zator in 1494). The Bytom airt bedd in the aucht of the Silesian Piasts, tho it wis a pairt of the Diocie of Kraków. The Duchery of Krosno Odrzańskie ({{Lang|de|Crossen}}) wis heired bi the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1476 and wi the renunciation of King [[Ferdinand I, Haly Roman Emperor|Ferdinand I]] and the estates of Bohemia in 1538, it became pairt an pertinent of Brandenburg. Atween 1645 an 1666, the Duchery of Opole an Racibórz was hauden in wad wi the Polish Houss of Vasa in tocher of the Polish queen Cecylia Renata. [[File:Crown_of_Bohemia_1648.png|thumb|Launds of the Bohemian Croun atween 1635 an 1742, afore the maist of Silesia was gien ower tae [[Kinrick o Proushie|Prussia]]]] [[File:Silesia-map.svg|left|thumb|Kairt of Austrian an Prussian Silesia wi modren national mairches: {{Legend|#00ffff|[[Austrian Silesia]], 1740}}{{Legend|#ffffff|[[Prussian Silesia]], 1871}}{{Legend|#0000ff|[[Oder]]}}]] In 1742, maist of Silesia wis claucht wi King [[Frederick the Great|Frederick II of Prussia]] in the Weir of the Austrian Succession, at the hinner end becomin the Prussian Province of Silesia in 1815; ower the heids of this, Silesia became part of the [[German Empire]] whan it wis latten wit in 1871. The Silesian capital Breslau became than ane of the big ceities in Germany. Breslau wis a centre of Jewish life in Germany an a wechty steid of science (college) an industry (manufacturin of steam-ingines). German mass tourism stertit in the Silesian bens (Hirschberg, Schneekoppe). [[File:Wrocław_Rynek_18_sm.jpg|left|thumb|279x279px|Teipical Silesian baroque architectur in [[Wrocław]]]] Efter Warld Weir I, a pairt of Silesia, kent as Iver Silesia, wis quarreled wi Germany an the newly independent Saicont Polish Republic. The League of Nations organised a plebiscite tae sattle the maitter in 1921. It haed resultit in 60% of votes gettin cuissen for Germany an 40% for Poland. Efter the third Silesian raibblin (1921), houaniver, the eastmaist pairt of Iver Silesia (as weel as Katowice), wi a feckly ethnic Polish populace, wis gien Poland, becomin the Silesian Voivodeship. The Prussian Province of Silesia intil Germany wis than dividit intae the provinces of Nether Silesia an Iver Silesia. Meantime, Austrian Silesia, the smaa pairt of Silesia keppit bi Austria efter the Silesian Weirs, wis maistly gien tae the new Czechoslovakia (at the hinner-end kent as Czech Silesia an Trans-Olza), awtho maist of Cieszyn an laund be-east of it gaed tae Poland. Polish Silesia wis amang the foremaist regions invadit durin Germany's 1939 sailyie on Poland, the whilk stertit [[Warld War II|Warld Weir II]]. Ane of the claimed ettles of Nazi German occupation, mairbetoken in Iver Silesia, wis the extermination of thaim wham the Nazis thocht tae be "subhuman", viz Jews an ethnic Poles. The Polish an Jewish fowk of the than Polish pairt of Silesia wis subjectit tae genocide involvin expulsions, mass murther an transportation till Nazi concentration camps an forced lawbour camps, while Germans war sattled seekin for [[:en:Lebensraum|Lebensraum]]. Twa thousan Polish intellectuals, politicians, an businessmen wir murthered durin the Intelligenzaktion Schlesien<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|year=2009|location=Warszawa|language=pl}}</ref> in 1940 as pairt of a Germanization program aa ower the kintra. Silesia alsae houssed ane of the twa maist weirtime centres whaur medical pratticks wir conductit on kidnappit Polish bairns wi Nazis. Czech Silesia wis occupied bi Germany as pairt of Sudetenland. In Silesia, [[Nazi Germany]] operate the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, a curnie prisoner-of-weir camps for Allied POWs (amang thaim the maist Stalag VIII-A, Stalag VIII-B, Stalag VIII-C camps), num'rous Nazi wards an thousans of forced lawbour camps — amang thaim wis a netwark of forced lawbour camps allanerly for Poles ({{Lang|de|[[Polenlager]]}}), sub-camps of wards, POW camps and the Gross-Rosen an [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] concentration camps. The [[Potsdam Conference|Potsdam Collogue]] of 1945 haed estaiblish't the Oder-Neisse line as the mairch atween Germany an Poland ontil a hindmaist peace collogue wi Germany cuid be hauden (the whilk niver teuk place).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Geoffrey K. Roberts, Patricia Hogwood|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q40tDwAAQBAJ|title=The Politics Today Companion to West European Politics|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2013|isbn=9781847790323|page=50}}</ref> In the back end of WWII, Germans in Silesia teuk leg bail frae the battle grund, thinkin they wad be able tae come back whan the weir wis by-wi. Housomever, they cuidna come back, an thaim that haed steyed wir herried out an a new Polish popular, amang thaim wis fowk that wir herried out frae umwhile Easten Poland annexed wi the Soviet Union an frae Mid Poland, jyned the lave of the native Polish indwallers frae the region. Efter 1945 an in 1946, nearhand aa of the 4.5 meillion Silesians wi German ruits flichtit, or wir steekit in camps an herried out, amang thaim a wheen thousan German Jews that haed pitten ower the Holocaust an haed come back tae Silesia. The newly foundit Polish Unitit Wirkers' Pairty creatit a Ministry of the Recovered Territories that owned the hauf of the plou-grund (that cuid be gotten) for state-run collectivized fairms. Mony of the new Polish Silesians wha murned the Germans for their invasion in 1939 an fellness in occupation nou murned the newly foundit Polish communist government for their populace shiftin an makin an messin wi fairmin an industrial affairs.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lukowski, Zawadski|first=Jerzy, Hubert|url=https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00luko/page/278|title=A Concise History of Poland|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-521-61857-1|location=Cambridge, UK|pages=[https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00luko/page/278 278–280]|url-access=registration}}</ref> The admeinistrative division of Silesia intil Poland haes chyngit a curnie times sin 1945. Syne 1999, it haes been daled atween Lubusz Voivodeship, Nether Silesian Voivodeship, Opole Voivodeship, an Silesian Voivodeship. Czech Silesia is nou pairt of the Czech Republic, formin pairt of the Moravian-Silesian Airt an the northern pairt of the Olomouc Airt. Germany keps the Silesia-Lusatia airt ({{Lang|de|Niederschlesien-Oberlausitz}} or {{Lang|de|Schlesische Oberlausitz}}) bewast the Neisse, the whilk is pairt of the federal state of [[Saxony]]. The region wis prejudged wi the 1997, 2010 an 2024 Mid European fluids. === Ethnic history === [[File:Silesia_Language_Map_1905.png|thumb|Mither Tungs of Silesia, frae the wittins of the 1905 Census]] Our ain day Silesia is inhaibitit bi [[Poles]], Silesians, [[Germans]], and Czechs. Germans first came till Silesia durin the Late Medieval Ostsiedlung.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Weinhold|first=Karl|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_CqpCAAAAIAAJ|title=Die Verbreitung und die Herkunft der Deutschen in Schlesien|publisher=J. Engelhorn|year=1887|location=Stuttgart|language=de|trans-title=The Spread and the Origin of Germans in Silesia}}</ref> The lest Polish census in 2011 shawed that the Silesians are the mucklest ethnic or national minority in Poland, an Germans the saicont; baith groups bide maistly in Iver Silesia. The Czech pairt of Silesia is inhaibitit bi Czechs, Moravians, Silesians, and Poles. In the ear 19t century the popular of the Prussian pairt of Silesia wis atween 2/3 an 3/4 German-speakin, atween 1/5 an 1/3 Polish-speakin, wi Sorbs, Czechs, Moravians an Jews makin up the ither smawer minorities (tak a scance till Table 1. ablow). Afore the Saicont Warld Weir, Silesia wis inhaibitit maistly bi Germans, whereas Poles wir a muckle minority, formin a plurality in Iver Silesia.<ref name="Gumpert">{{Cite book|last=Jobst Gumpert|title=Polen, Deutschland|publisher=Callwey|year=1966|pages=138|language=de}}</ref> Silesia wis alsae the hame of a smaw feck of Czech an Jewish fowk. The German populace wis maistly wonnin in the urban pairts an in the laundward airts fund in the north an wast, whereas the Polish popular wis maistly laundward an cuid be fund in the east an in the south. {| class="wikitable" |+Table 1. Ethno-leid structure of Prussian Silesia in years 1787–1823 !Ethnic group !frae. G. Hassel in 1819<ref name="Georg Hassel">{{Cite book|last=Georg Hassel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=31DMAJgQV28C&pg=PA34|title=Statistischer Umriß der sämmtlichen europäischen und der vornehmsten außereuropäischen Staaten, in Hinsicht ihrer Entwickelung, Größe, Volksmenge, Finanz- und Militärverfassung, tabellarisch dargestellt; Erster Heft: Welcher die beiden großen Mächte Österreich und Preußen und den Deutschen Staatenbund darstellt|publisher=Verlag des Geographischen Instituts Weimar|year=1823|pages=33–34|language=de|quote=}}</ref> !% !frae. S. Plater in 1823{{Sfn|Plater|1825}} !% !frae. T. Ładogórski in 1787<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ładogórski|first=Tadeusz|title=Ludność, in: Historia Śląska, vol. II: 1763–1850, part 1: 1763–1806|publisher=edited by W. Długoborski|year=1966|location=Wrocław|pages=150|language=pl}}</ref> !% |- |'''Germans''' |1,561,570 |'''75.6''' |1,550,000 |'''70.5''' |1,303,300 |'''74.6''' |- |'''Poles''' |444,000 |'''21.5''' |600,000 |'''27.3''' |401,900 |'''23.0''' |- |'''Sorbs''' |24,500 |'''1.2''' |30,000 |'''1.4''' |900 |'''0.1''' |- |'''Czechs''' |5,500 |'''0.3''' | | |32,600 |'''1.9''' |- |'''Moravians''' |12,000 |'''0.6''' | | | | |- |'''Jews''' |16,916 |'''0.8''' |20,000 |'''0.9''' |8,900 |'''0.5''' |- |'''Popular''' |'''c. 2.1&nbsp;meillion''' |'''100''' |'''c. 2.2&nbsp;meillion''' |'''100''' |'''c. 1.8&nbsp;meillion''' |'''100''' |} Ethnic structure of Prussian Iver Silesia ([[Opole]] regency) durin the 19t century an the ear 20t century can be fund in Table 2.: {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" ! colspan="18" |Table 2. Nummers of Polish, German an ither indwallers (Regierungsbezirk Oppeln)<ref name="Georg Hassel">{{Cite book|last=Georg Hassel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=31DMAJgQV28C&pg=PA34|title=Statistischer Umriß der sämmtlichen europäischen und der vornehmsten außereuropäischen Staaten, in Hinsicht ihrer Entwickelung, Größe, Volksmenge, Finanz- und Militärverfassung, tabellarisch dargestellt; Erster Heft: Welcher die beiden großen Mächte Österreich und Preußen und den Deutschen Staatenbund darstellt|publisher=Verlag des Geographischen Instituts Weimar|year=1823|pages=33–34|language=de|quote=}}</ref><ref name="Paul Weber1">{{Cite book|last=Paul Weber|url=https://archive.org/details/diepoleninobersc00webeuoft|title=Die Polen in Oberschlesien: eine statistische Untersuchung|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Springer|year=1913|location=Berlin|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kalisch|first=Johannes|last2=Bochinski|first2=Hans|date=1958|title=Stosunki narodowościowe na Śląsku w świetle relacji pruskich urzędników z roku 1882|url=http://sobotka.uni.wroc.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Sobotka_13_1958_43-58.pdf|journal=Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka|location=Leipzig|volume=13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201215644/http://sobotka.uni.wroc.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Sobotka_13_1958_43-58.pdf|archive-date=1 February 2020}}</ref> |- !Year !1819 !1831 !1834 !1837 !1840 !1843 !1846 !1852 !1855 !1858 !1861 !1867 !1890 !1900 !1905 !1910 |- |'''''Polish''''' |377,100 '''(67.2%)''' |418,837 '''(62.0%)''' |468,691 '''(62.6%)''' |495,362 '''(62.1%)''' |525,395 '''(58.6%)''' |540,402 '''(58.1%)''' |568,582 '''(58.1%)''' |584,293 '''(58.6%)''' |590,248 '''(58.7%)''' |612,849 '''(57.3%)''' |665,865 '''(59.1%)''' |742,153 '''(59.8%)''' |918,728 '''(58.2%)''' |1,048,230 '''(56.1%)''' |1,158,805 '''(57.0%)''' |Census, monolingual Polish: '''1,169,340''' '''(53.0%)'''<ref name="Paul Weber2">{{Cite book|last=Paul Weber|url=https://archive.org/details/diepoleninobersc00webeuoft|title=Die Polen in Oberschlesien: eine statistische Untersuchung|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Springer|year=1913|location=Berlin|page=27|language=de}}</ref> '''or up tae''' '''1,560,000''' thegither wi bilinguals |- |'''''German''''' |162,600 '''(29.0%)''' |257,852 '''(36.1%)''' |266,399 '''(35.6%)''' |290,168 '''(36.3%)''' |330,099 '''(36.8%)''' |348,094 '''(37.4%)''' |364,175 '''(37.2%)''' |363,990 '''(36.5%)''' |366,562 '''(36.5%)''' |406,950 '''(38.1%)''' |409,218 '''(36.3%)''' |457,545 '''(36.8%)''' |566,523 '''(35.9%)''' |684,397 '''(36.6%)''' |757,200 '''(37.2%)''' |'''884,045''' '''(40.0%)''' |- |'''''Ither''''' |21,503 '''(3.8%)''' |13,254 '''(1.9%)''' |13,120 '''(1.8%)''' |12,679 '''(1.6%)''' |41,570 '''(4.6%)''' |42,292 '''(4.5%)''' |45,736 '''(4.7%)''' |49,445 '''(4.9%)''' |48,270 '''(4.8%)''' |49,037 '''(4.6%)''' |51,187 '''(4.6%)''' |41,611 '''(3.4%)''' |92,480 '''(5.9%)''' |135,519 '''(7.3%)''' |117,651 '''(5.8%)''' |Populace: 2,207,981 |} The Austrian pairt of Silesia haed a mixter-maxter of German, Polish and Czech fowk, wi speakers of the Polish makin a plurality in Cieszyn Silesia.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chromik|first=Grzegorz|title=Geschichte des deutsch-slawischen Sprachkontaktes im Teschener Schlesien|isbn=978-3-88246-398-9|pages=258–322|language=de}}</ref> ==== Releigion ==== [[File:Verbreitung_der_Konfessionen_im_deutschen_Reich.jpg|thumb|Confessions in the German Empire (Catholic/Protestant; {{Circa|1890}}). Nether Silesia wis maistly Protestant, while Glatz (Kłodzko) an Iver Silesia wis maistly Catholic.]] Historically, Silesia wis about aqual spleit atween [[Catholic Kirk|Catholics]] an [[Protestantism|Protestants]] (feckly Lutherans). In an 1890 census taen in the German pairt, Catholics made up a slicht plurality of 53%, while the ither 47% wis awmaist freely Lutheran. Geographically speakin, Iver Silesia wis maistly Catholic binna for a puckle of pairts in the nort-wast, the whilk wir feckly Lutheran. Nether Silesia wis maistly Lutheran binna for the Glatzer Laund (nou kent as Kłodzko County). Generally speakin, the popular wis maistly Protestant in the wastern pairts, an it wad maistly get mair Catholic the farrer east a body gaed. In Iver Silesia, Protestants wir thranged in muckler ceities, an aften conseidered theirsells German. Efter Warld Weir II, the releigious demographics haed chyngit muckle sin Germans, wha made up the feck of the Protestant fowk, wir forcibly herried out. Poles, wha wir maistly Catholic, haed made hame again here in their steid. The day, Silesia bides feckly Catholic. Extant syne the 12t century, Silesia's Jewish commonty wis thranged around Wrocław an Iver Silesia, an nummered at 48,003 (1.1% of the popular) in 1890, gaein doun tae 44,985 bodies (0.9%) bi 1910. In Polish East Iver Silesia, the nummer of Jews wis roun about 90,000–100,000. Historically, the commonty haed dree'd a nummer of localised herryin outs, for ensample their 1453 herryin out frae [[Wrocław]]. Atween 1712 an 1820 a tring of chiels heild the teitle Heid Rabbi of Silesia ("Landesrabbiner"): Naphtali ha-Kohen (1712–16); Samuel ben Naphtali (1716–22); Ḥayyim Jonah Te'omim (1722–1727); Baruch b. Reuben Gomperz (1733–54); Joseph Jonas Fränkel (1754–93); Jeremiah Löw Berliner (1793–99); Lewin Saul Fränkel (1800–7); Aaron Karfunkel (1807–16); an Abraham ben Gedaliah Tiktin (1816–20).<ref>{{Cite web|last=<!--Not stated-->|title=Silesia|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7747-hirschberg|access-date=6 December 2017|website=1906 Jewish Encyclopedia|publisher=JewishEncyclopedia.com}}</ref> ==== Eftercasts of Warld Weir II ==== Efter the Germans invadit Poland in 1939, efter the Nazi racial policy, the Jewish fowk of Silesia wis subjectit tae genocide wi executions cairried out wi Einsatzgruppe z. B.V. heidit bi Udo von Woyrsch an Einsatzgruppe I heidit bi Bruno Streckenbach, wardin in ghettos, an ethnic cleansing of the General Government. In their ettles tae exterminate the Jews throu murther an ethnic cleansin, the Germans foundit the Auschwitz an Gross-Rosen camps in the province of Silesia. Herryin outs wir cairried out apenly an souched in the local paper. Thaim sent tae ghettos wad frae 1942 be herried out till concentration an wark camps. Atween 5 Mey an 17 Juin, 20,000 Silesian Jews wir sent till Birkenau till gas chaumers an aa throu August 1942, atween 10,000 an 13,000 Silesian Jews wir murthert wi gassin at the Auschwitz. Maist Jews in Silesia wir exterminated wi the Nazis. Efter the weir Silesia became a heidmaist steid till repatriation of the Jewish fowk in Poland that haed pitten ower Nazi German extermination an in the hairst of 1945, 15,000 Jews wir in Nether Silesia, maistly Polish Jews that cam back frae territories that nou belanged the Soviet Union, risin in 1946 tae seiventy thousan as Jewish survivors frae ither pairts of Poland wir relocate. The feck of Germans flichtit or wir herried out frae the day's Polish an Czech pairts of Silesia durin an efter Warld Weir II. Atween Juin 1945 an Januar 1947, 1.77&nbsp;meillion Germans wir herried out frae Nether Silesia, an 310,000 frae Iver Silesia. The day, maist German Silesians an their descendants bides in the Federal Republic of Germany, mony of thaim in the [[Ruhr]] pairt wirkin as miners, like their forebeirs in Silesia. Ane of its maist namely but controversial presses wis the [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|Christian Democratic Union]] politician Herbert Hupka. The herryin out of Germans haed resultit in rife unnerpopulation. The populace of the toun of Głogów fell frae 33,500 tae 5,000, an atween 1939 an 1966 the populace of Wrocław fell bi 25%. Ettles tae re-people Silesia didna come muckle speed in the 1940s and 1950s, an Silesia's popular didna rax tae pre-weir levels ontill the hint-end of the 1970s. The Polish sattlers that re-peopled Silesia wir pairtly frae the umwhile Polish Easten Mairchlaunds, the whilk wis annexed bi the [[Soviet Union]] in 1939. Wrocław wis pairtly re-peopled wi bield-seekers frae the umwhile Polish ceity of [[Lviv|Lwów]]. == Geography == [[File:Landkarte_von_Schlesien.jpg|thumb|First kairt of Silesia bi Martin Helwig, 1561; north at the bottom]] [[File:Silesia_Physical_Map.png|thumb|Physical kairt of Silesia in 1905]] The maist of Silesia is affeirin flet, awtho its southren mairch is maistly montanous. It is feckly locate in a swathe rinnin alang baith braes of the iver an mid [[Oder|Oder (Odra)]] River, but it raxes eastle tae the iver Vistula River. The pairt alsae taks in mony leaders of the Oder, amang thaim is the Bóbr (an its leader the Kwisa), the Barycz an the Nysa Kłodzka. The [[Sudetes|Sudeten Bens]] rins alang the maist of the southren rind of the region, tho at its south-eastern extreme it raxes tae the Silesian Beskids an Moravian-Silesian Beskids, the whilk belang the [[Carpathie Moontains|Carpathian Bens]]. Historically, Silesia wis boundit wastle bi the Kwisa an Bóbr Rivers, while the laund bewast the Kwisa wis in Iver Lusatia (earlier ''Milsko''). Housomever, because pairt of Iver Lusatia wis taen in the Province of Silesia in 1815, in Germany Görlitz, Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis an neebourin airts are conseidered pairts of historical Silesia. Thon destricks, alang wi Poland's Nether Silesian Voivodeship an pairts of Lubusz Voivodeship, mak up the geographic region of Nether Silesia. Silesia haes unnergaen a siclike notional raxin at its eastern extreme. Historically, it raxed anelie as faur as the Brynica River, whilk sinders it frae Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in Nether Poland. Houaniver, tae mony Poles the day, Silesia (''Śląsk)'' is unnerstuid tae kiver aa the area roun about Katowice, includin Zagłębie. This interpretation is gien offeicial ratihabitation in the yuise of the name Silesian Voivodeship ({{lang|pl|województwo śląskie}}) for the province kiverin this area. In fack, the wird {{lang|pl|Śląsk}} in the Polish (whan yuised athout qualification) nou commonly refers alanerlie tae this area (alsae cried {{lang|pl|Górny Śląsk}} or Iver Silesia). As weel as the Katowice airt, historical Iver Silesia alsae taks in the [[Opole]] region (Poland's Opole Voivodeship) an Czech Silesia. Czech Silesia is made up of a pairt of the Moravian-Silesian Region an the Jeseník Destrick in the Olomouc Region. === Naitural resources === Silesia is an airt rife of resources an fowk. Syne the mid-18t century, coal haes gotten mined here. The industry haed grown while Silesia wis pairt of Germany, an peaked in the 1970s unner the Fowk's Republic of Poland. Durin this time, Silesia became ane of the warld's mucklest producers of coal, wi a record tonnage in 1979.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> The coal minin dwined durin the nixt twa decades, but haes gaen up again follaein the end of Communist maistry. [[File:KWK_Bolesław_Śmiały_01.jpg|thumb|Bolesław Śmiały Coal Mine, Łaziska Górne]] The 41 coal mines in Silesia are maistly pairt of the Iver Silesian Coal Basin, whilk liggs in the Silesian Braes. The coalfield haes an area of about {{Convert|4,500|km2|mi2}}.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> Deposits in Nether Silesia hae kyth'd tae be a trauchle tae mak yuise of an the area's onprofitable mines wir steekit in 2000.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl" /> In 2008, an upcuissen 35&nbsp;billion tonnes of lignite fordels wir fund near Legnica, makin thaim some of the mucklest in the warld.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mamy największe złoża węgla brunatnego na świecie|url=http://www.gazetawyborcza.pl/1,82244,4820533.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20120503194935/http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/1,114873,4820533.html|archive-date=2012-05-03|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Gazetawyborcza.pl|language=pl}}</ref> Frae the fowerth century BC, airn ore haes been mined in the braes of Silesia.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> The samen while haed leid, capper, siller, an gowd minin. Zinc, cadmium, arsenic, an [[uranium]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wise International &#124; World Information Service on Energy|url=http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/index.html?http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/439-440/poland.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010053346/http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/index.html?http%3A%2F%2Fwww10.antenna.nl%2Fwise%2F439-440%2Fpoland.html|archive-date=10 October 2007|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=0.antenna.nl}}</ref> hev been mined in the region forbye. Nether Silesia features lairge capper minin an processing atween the ceities of [[Legnica]], Głogów, Lubin, and Polkowice. In the Middle Ages, gowd (Polish: złoto) an siller (Polish: srebro) wir mined in the region, whilk is refleckit in the names of the umwhile minin touns of [[Złotoryja]], Złoty Stok an Srebrna Góra. The region is kent for stane quarrying tae produce limestane, marl, mairble, an basalt.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> {| class="wikitable col2right" |+'''Annwal throu-pit of minerals in Silesia''' !Mineral name !Throu-pit (tonnes) !Ref. |- |Bituminous coal |95,000,000 | |- |Capper |571,000 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 July 2011|title=Copper: World Smelter Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/copper/copper_t21.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Zinc |160,000 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 July 2004|title=Zinc: World Smelter Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/zinc/zinc_table18.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Siller |1,200 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 August 2004|title=Silver: World Mine Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/silver/silver_table08.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Cadmium |500 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 May 2012|title=Cadmium: World Refinery Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/cadmium/cadmium_t5.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Leid |70,000 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 June 2005|title=Lead: World Refinery Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/lead/lead_t16.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |} The region alsae haes a weel-daein lawbourage sector, whilk produces cereals (white, rye, barley, aits, stuff), tatties, rapeseed, succar beets and siclike. Milk throu-pit is weel developed. The Opole Silesia haes for decades taen the tap spat in Poland for their indices of effective yuise of pleu laund.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Samorząd Województwa Opolskiego|url=http://umwo.opole.pl/serwis/index.php?id=2009|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Umwo.opole.pl}}</ref> Montanous pairts of southren Silesia features mony particular an hertsome tourism destinations (e.g., Karpacz, Szczyrk, Wisła). Silesia is maistly weel forestit. This is because greenness is maistly heichly socht efter bi the local popular, mairbetoken in the heichly industrialized pairts of Silesia. == Demographics == Silesia haes been historically diverse in aa pairts. Nouadays, the mucklest pairt of Silesia is locate in Poland; it is aften cried ane of the maist diverse pairts in thon kintra. The Unitit States Immigration Commission, in its ''Dictionary of Races or Fowk'' (published in 1911, whan gey muckle nummers of fowk frae Silesia wir flittin till the Unitit States), consithert Silesian as a geographical (nae ethnic) term, beirin the inhaibitants of Silesia. The existence of baith Polish Silesian an German Silesian dialecks thereawa wis mintioned forbye.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dillingham|first=William Paul|url=https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofrace00unitrich#page/128/mode/1up/search/Silesian|title=Dictionary of Races or Peoples|last2=Folkmar|first2=Daniel|last3=Folkmar|first3=Elnora|publisher=Washington, Government Printing Office|year=1911|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=128}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Dillingham|first=William Paul|url=https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofrace00unitrich#page/105/mode/1up|title=Dictionary of Races or Peoples|last2=Folkmar|first2=Daniel|last3=Folkmar|first3=Elnora|publisher=Washington, Government Printing Office|others=United States. Immigration Commission (1907–1910)|year=1911|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=105, 128}}</ref> === Ceities an touns === The follaein table taks in the ceities and touns in Silesia with a popular greater nor 20,000 (2026).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-04-29|title=Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2025. As of 31 December (table IV)|url=https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-division-in-2025-as-of-31-december,3,39.html|access-date=2026-06-04|publisher=[[Statistics Poland]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-18|title=Population in municipalities as at 1. 1.|url=https://data.csu.gov.cz/datastat/data/VYBER/OBY02AT02|website=DataStat|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! style="width:1%;" | ! style="width:1%;" | !Name ! style="width:6%;" |Popular ! style="width:11%;" |Area ! style="width:4%;" |Kintra !Admeinistrative ! style="width:15%;" |Historic subregion |- style="text-align:center;" |1 |[[File:Herb_wroclaw.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Wrocław]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |672,601 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|293|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |2 |[[File:Ostrava_CoA_CZ.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Ostrava'''* | style="text-align:center;" |280,853 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|214|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia/[[Moravie|Moravia]] |- style="text-align:center;" |3 |[[File:Katowice_Herb.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Katowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |277,415 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|165|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |4 |[[File:Gliwice_herb.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Gliwice''' | style="text-align:center;" |166,942 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|134|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |5 |[[File:POL_Bielsko-Biała_COA.svg|center|48x48px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bielsko-Biała'''* | style="text-align:center;" |163,164 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|125|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia/Lesser Poland |- style="text-align:center;" |6 |[[File:POL_Zabrze_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Zabrze''' | style="text-align:center;" |150,780 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|80|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |7 |[[File:Bytom_herb.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bytom''' | style="text-align:center;" |144,598 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|69|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |8 |[[File:POL_Zielona_Góra_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Zielona Góra''' | style="text-align:center;" |138,476 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|58|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |9 |[[File:POL_Rybnik_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Rybnik]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |128,788 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|148|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |10 |[[File:POL_Ruda_Śląska_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Ruda Śląska''' | style="text-align:center;" |127,601 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|78|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |11 |[[File:POL_Opole_COA.svg|center|34x34px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Opole]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |126,623 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|97|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |12 |[[File:POL_Tychy_COA.svg|center|27x27px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Tychy''' | style="text-align:center;" |120,081 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|82|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |13 |[[File:Chorzów_herb.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Chorzów''' | style="text-align:center;" |98,418 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|33|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |14 |[[File:POL_Wałbrzych_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Wałbrzych]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |97,546 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|85|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |15 |[[File:Legnica_herb.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Legnica]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |89,919 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|56|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |16 |[[File:POL_Jastrzębie-Zdrój_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Jastrzębie-Zdrój''' | style="text-align:center;" |80,527 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|85|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |17 |[[File:POL_Jelenia_Góra_COA_1.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Jelenia Góra''' | style="text-align:center;" |73,470 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|109|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |18 |[[File:POL_Mysłowice_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Mysłowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |70,160 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|66|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |19 |[[File:Havirov_CoA.png|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Havířov''' | style="text-align:center;" |67,998 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|32|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |20 |[[File:POL_Lubin_COA.svg|center|27x27px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Lubin''' | style="text-align:center;" |65,961 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|41|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |21 |[[File:POL_Siemianowice_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Siemianowice Śląskie''' | style="text-align:center;" |62,311 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|25|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |22 |[[File:POL_Żory_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Żory''' | style="text-align:center;" |61,857 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|65|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |23 |[[File:Herb_TarnowskieGory.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Tarnowskie Góry''' | style="text-align:center;" |61,001 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|84|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |24 |[[File:POL_Głogów_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Głogów''' | style="text-align:center;" |60,605 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|35|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |25 |[[File:Wappen_Goerlitz_vector.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Görlitz'''** | style="text-align:center;" |55,186 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|68|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|GER}} | style="text-align:center;" |{{Flagicon|Saxony}} [[Saxony]] |Nether Silesia{{Efn|Historically part of [[Lusatia]], Görlitz and Zgorzelec were considered part of Lower Silesia in the years 1319–1329 and 1815–1945.}} |- style="text-align:center;" |26 |[[File:Opava_CoA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Opava''' | style="text-align:center;" |54,881 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|91|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |27 |[[File:Frýdek_Místek_CoA_CZ.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Frýdek-Místek'''* | style="text-align:center;" |53,164 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|52|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia/Moravia |- style="text-align:center;" |28 |[[File:POL_Kędzierzyn-Koźle_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Kędzierzyn-Koźle''' | style="text-align:center;" |53,140 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|124|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |29 |[[File:POL_Świdnica_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świdnica''' | style="text-align:center;" |51,357 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|22|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |30 |[[File:POL_Piekary_Śląskie_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Piekary Śląskie''' | style="text-align:center;" |51,030 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|40|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |31 |[[File:POL_Racibórz_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Racibórz]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |48,750 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|75|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |32 |[[File:Karwina_herb.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Karviná]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |48,684 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|58|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |33 |[[File:POL_Świętochłowice_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świętochłowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |44,621 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|13|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |34 |[[File:POL_Wodzisław_Śląski_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Wodzisław Śląski''' | style="text-align:center;" |44,017 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|50|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |35 |[[File:POL_Mikołów_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Mikołów''' | style="text-align:center;" |41,478 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|79|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |36 |[[File:POL_Nysa_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Nysa''' | style="text-align:center;" |39,887 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|27|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |37 |[[File:POL_Bolesławiec_COA_1.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bolesławiec''' | style="text-align:center;" |36,642 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|24|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |38 |[[File:POL_Nowa_Sól_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Nowa Sól''' | style="text-align:center;" |35,230 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|22|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |39 |[[File:Herb_Knurów-2018.png|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Knurów''' | style="text-align:center;" |34,919 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|34|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |40 |[[File:POL_Oleśnica_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Oleśnica''' | style="text-align:center;" |34,676 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|21|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |41 |[[File:POL_Czechowice-Dziedzice_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Czechowice-Dziedzice''' | style="text-align:center;" |34,564 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|33|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |42 |[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Třinec.svg|center|34x34px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Třinec''' | style="text-align:center;" |33,523 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|85|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |43 |[[File:POL_Oława_COA.svg|center|33x33px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Oława''' | style="text-align:center;" |32,928 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|27|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |44 |[[File:POL_Brzeg_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Brzeg''' | style="text-align:center;" |32,724 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|15|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |45 |[[File:POL_Cieszyn_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Cieszyn''' | style="text-align:center;" |32,217 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|29|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |46 |[[File:Wappen_Hoyerswerda.PNG|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Hoyerswerda'''** | style="text-align:center;" |30,759 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|96|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|GER}} | style="text-align:center;" |{{Flagicon|Saxony}} Saxony |Nether Silesia{{Efn|Historically part of Lusatia, Hoyerswerda was considered part of Lower Silesia in the years 1825–1945.}} |- style="text-align:center;" |47 |[[File:POL_Dzierżoniów_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Dzierżoniów''' | style="text-align:center;" |30,014 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|20|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |48 |[[File:POL_Zgorzelec_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Zgorzelec'''** | style="text-align:center;" |28,095 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|16|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia[b] |- style="text-align:center;" |49 |[[File:POL_Bielawa_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bielawa''' | style="text-align:center;" |27,480 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|36|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |50 |[[File:Orlová_znak.png|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Orlová''' | style="text-align:center;" |27,383 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|25|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |51 |[[File:POL_Lubliniec_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Lubliniec''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,931 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|89|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |52 |[[File:Cesky_Tesin_CoA.png|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Český Těšín''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,870 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|34|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |53 |[[File:POL_Żagań_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Żagań''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,800 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|40|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |54 |[[File:Krnov_znak.png|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Krnov''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,303 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|44|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |55 |[[File:POL_Orzesze_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Orzesze''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,242 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|84|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |56 |[[File:POL_Świebodzice_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świebodzice''' | style="text-align:center;" |21,469 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|30|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |57 |[[File:POL_Kluczbork_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Kluczbork''' | style="text-align:center;" |21,232 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|12|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |58 |[[File:POL_Polkowice_COA_2022.svg|center|27x27px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Polkowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,832 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|24|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |59 |[[File:POL_Łaziska_Górne_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Łaziska Górne''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,826 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|21|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |60 |[[File:POL_Świebodzin_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świebodzin''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,480 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|11|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |61 |[[File:Bohumin_CoA_CZ.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bohumín''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,234 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|31|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |} <nowiki>*</nowiki> Anelie pairt in Silesia<gallery> File:Old_Town_Hall_in_Wrocław,_September_2022_07.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Old_Town_Hall_in_Wroc%C5%82aw,_September_2022_07.jpg|[[:en:Wrocław|Wrocław]] File:Masarykovo_namesti.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Masarykovo_namesti.jpg|[[:en:Ostrava|Ostrava]] File:Katowice_Rynek.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Katowice_Rynek.jpg|[[:en:Katowice|Katowice]] File:6588vik_Gliwice._Foto_Barbara_Maliszewska.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6588vik_Gliwice._Foto_Barbara_Maliszewska.jpg|[[:en:Gliwice|Gliwice]] File:Ratusz_Bielsko-Biała.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ratusz_Bielsko-Bia%C5%82a.JPG|[[:en:Bielsko-Biała|Bielsko-Biała]] File:Zabrze_post_office.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Zabrze_post_office.jpg|[[:en:Zabrze|Zabrze]] File:Rynek_w_Bytomiu_2020.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rynek_w_Bytomiu_2020.jpg|[[:en:Bytom|Bytom]] File:Ratusz_i_Stary_Rynek_w_Zielonej_Górze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ratusz_i_Stary_Rynek_w_Zielonej_G%C3%B3rze.jpg|[[:en:Zielona_Góra|Zielona Góra]] File:Rynek_w_Rybniku_1.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rynek_w_Rybniku_1.JPG|[[:en:Rybnik|Rybnik]] File:Plac_Jana_Pawła_II_w_Nowym_Bytomiu.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Plac_Jana_Paw%C5%82a_II_w_Nowym_Bytomiu.jpg|[[:en:Ruda_Śląska|Ruda Śląska]] File:Opole_0001.7_-_widok_na_Stare_Miasto.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Opole_0001.7_-_widok_na_Stare_Miasto.jpg|[[:en:Opole|Opole]] File:Tychy_Stare._Rynek1.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tychy_Stare._Rynek1.JPG|[[:en:Tychy|Tychy]] File:Chorzów_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG|[[:en:Chorzów|Chorzów]] File:Wałbrzych_-_Rynek_03.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wa%C5%82brzych_-_Rynek_03.jpg|[[:en:Wałbrzych|Wałbrzych]] File:Legnica_-_Rynek_-_Dawny_Ratusz_01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Legnica_-_Rynek_-_Dawny_Ratusz_01.jpg|[[:en:Legnica|Legnica]] File:Pałac_w_Boryni_7.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pa%C5%82ac_w_Boryni_7.JPG|[[:en:Jastrzębie-Zdrój|Jastrzębie-Zdrój]] File:Horni-namesti1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Horni-namesti1.jpg|[[:en:Opava|Opava]] File:SM_Brzeg_Ratusz_2023_(1).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SM_Brzeg_Ratusz_2023_(1).jpg|[[:en:Brzeg|Brzeg]] </gallery> == Flags an blasouns == The signs of Nether Silesia an Iver Silesia hae their founds in the signs of the Piasts of Nether Silesia an Iver Silesia. The blasoun of Iver Silesia depicts the gowden earn on the blue shiel. The blasoun of Nether Silesia depicts a black earn on a gowden (yella) shiel.<gallery> File:DEU_Oberschlesien_1926-1945_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DEU_Oberschlesien_1926-1945_COA.svg|Blasoun of the Prussian [[:en:Province_of_Upper_Silesia|province of Iver Silesia]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_śląskie_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg|[[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Silesian_Voivodeship|Blasoun of the Silesian Voivodeship]] File:POL_województwo_opolskie_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_opolskie_COA.svg|[[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Opole_Voivodeship|The blasoun of the Opolskie Voivodeship]] File:Henryk_I_Probus_herb.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henryk_I_Probus_herb.png|Blasoun of Duke [[:en:Henry_Probus|Henry Probus]] File:Wappen_Herzogtum_Schlesien.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Herzogtum_Schlesien.png|Blasoun of [[:en:Austrian_Silesia|Austrian Silesia]] (1742–1918) File:Wappen_Provinz_Niederschlesien.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Provinz_Niederschlesien.png|Prussian [[:en:Province_of_Lower_Silesia|province of Nether Silesia]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg|Blasoun of the [[:en:Lower_Silesia_Voivodeship|Nether Silesia Voivodeship]] File:Znak_Slezska.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Znak_Slezska.svg|Blasoun of [[:en:Czech_Silesia|Czech Silesia]] </gallery>Flags wi their colors refer tae the blasoun of Silesia.<gallery> File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Oberschlesien.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flagge_Preu%C3%9Fen_-_Provinz_Oberschlesien.svg|[[:en:Flag_of_Upper_Silesia|Flag of Prussian Iver Silesia province]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg|Flag of Silesia Voivodeship File:Flag_of_Czech_Silesia.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Czech_Silesia.svg|Flag of the Austrian Silesia (1742–1918), an Czech Silesia File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Schlesien.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flagge_Preu%C3%9Fen_-_Provinz_Schlesien.svg|[[:en:Flag_of_Silesia_and_Lower_Silesia|Flag of Prussian Nether Silesia province]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg|Flag of Nether Silesia Voivodeship </gallery> == Warld Heritage Steids == <gallery mode="packed-hover" widths="200px" heights="160px"> File:Swidnica-_Kosciol_Pokoju_02.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Swidnica-_Kosciol_Pokoju_02.jpg|Kirks of Peace, Świdnica an Jawor File:Wrocław_-_Jahrhunderthalle5.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wroc%C5%82aw_-_Jahrhunderthalle5.jpg|Centennial Haa, [[Wrocław]] File:SZTOLNIA_GŁĘBOKA_FRYDERYK_-_część_trasy_turystycznej_pn._Sztolnia_Czarnego_Pastrąga.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SZTOLNIA_G%C5%81%C4%98BOKA_FRYDERYK_-_cz%C4%99%C5%9B%C4%87_trasy_turystycznej_pn._Sztolnia_Czarnego_Pastr%C4%85ga.jpg|Historic Siller Mine, Tarnowskie Góry File:Das_Neue_Schloss_im_Park.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Das_Neue_Schloss_im_Park.jpg|Muskau Pairk, Łęknica an Bad Muskau<ref>Łęknica and Bad Muskau were considered part of Silesia in years 1815–1945.</ref> </gallery> == Relatit links == * == Notes == == References == == Sources == * {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Silesia|volume=25|pages=90–92}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Czapliński|editor1-first=Marek|editor2-last=Wiszewski|editor2-first=Przemysław|encyclopedia=Region Divided - Times of Nation-States (1918-1945)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/64229/Cuius_regio_vol_4.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2014|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=4|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-927132-8-9}} * {{Cite book|last=Długajczyk|first=Edward|title=Tajny front na granicy cieszyńskiej. Wywiad i dywersja w latach 1919–1939|publisher=Śląsk|year=1993|isbn=83-85831-03-7|location=[[Katowice]]|author-link=Edward Długajczyk}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Harc|editor1-first=Lucyna|editor2-last=Wąs|editor2-first=Gabriela|encyclopedia=The Strengthening of Silesian Regionalism (1526-1740)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/73766/Cuius_regio_vol_2.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2014|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=2|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-927132-6-5}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Harc|editor1-first=Lucyna|editor2-last=Kulak|editor2-first=Teresa|encyclopedia=Silesia under the Authority of the Hohenzollerns (1741-1918)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/79021/Cuius_regio_vol_3.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2015|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=3|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-942651-3-7}} * {{Cite book|last=Plater|first=Stanisław|url=https://obc.opole.pl/Content/8541/download/|title=Jeografia wschodniéy części Europy czyli Opis krajów przez wielorakie narody słowiańskie zamieszkanych : obejmujący Prussy, Xsięztwo Poznańskie, Szląsk Pruski, Gallicyą, Rzeczpospolitę Krakowską, Krolestwo Polskie i Litwę|publisher=Wilhelm Bogumił Korn|year=1825|location=Wrocław|language=pl|trans-title=Geography of the Eastern Part of Europe, or Description of the Countries inhabited by Various Slavic Nations: Including Prussia, the Duchy of Posen, Prussian Silesia, Galicia, the Republic of Cracow, the Kingdom of Poland, and Lithuania|author-link=Stanisław Plater}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor-last=Przemysław|editor-first=Wiszewski|encyclopedia=The Long Formation of the Region (c. 1000–1526)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/49790/Cuius_regio_vol_1.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2013|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=1|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-927132-1-0}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor-last=Wiszewski|editor-first=Przemysław|encyclopedia=Permanent Change - The New Region(s) of Silesia (1945-2015)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/76597/Cuius_regio_vol_5.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2015|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=5|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-942651-2-0}} * {{Cite book|last=Zahradnik|first=Stanisław|title=Korzenie Zaolzia|last2=Marek Ryczkowski|publisher=PAI-press|year=1992|location=Warszawa - Praga - Trzyniec|oclc=177389723}} == Wabsteid links == * {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070727142251/http://brws.silesia-region.pl/indexang.php|date=27 July 2007|title=Silesia in Europe page}} * [http://www.hoeckmann.de/germany/silesia.htm Map of Silesia in 1763] * [http://www.vogel-soya.de/bilder/Schlesphoto.html Old postcards from Silesian towns] * [http://www.schlesierland.de/index.html Photos from Silesian towns, villages and communities before 1946] * [http://culture.pl/en/article/what-is-silesia What is Silesia?] * [https://mapy.com/en/zakladni?q=Slezsko%20-%20s%20moravsk%C3%BDmi%20enkl%C3%A1vami&source=area&id=191266&ds=1&x=17.1035242&y=50.7247522&z=7 Borders of Silesia with Moravian enclaves] on Mapy.com <nowiki> [[Category:Coordinates on Wikidata]] [[Category:Airticles conteenin German-leid text]] [[Category:Airticles conteenin Czech-leid text]] [[Category:Airticles conteenin Pols-leid text]]</nowiki> 3136l3qmtn0mw121ib6izb5psnlg7d1 918133 918131 2026-06-17T18:16:36Z PurpleDinosaur585 129975 918133 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Silesia</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Polish-language text">''Śląsk''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Polish language|Polish]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Silesian-language text">''Ślōnsk''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Silesian language|Silesian]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Czech-language text">''Slezsko''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Czech language|Czech]])</span><br /><br /><span title="German-language text">''Schlesien''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[German language|German]])</span><br /><br /><span title="Lower Silesian-language text">''Schläsing''</span>&nbsp;<span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">([[Lower Silesian language|Nether Silesian]])</span></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Historical region]]</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Multiple image/styles.css" wrapper=".tmulti"></templatestyles><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Ksiaz_w_jesiennej_scenerii.jpg|127x127px|Książ Castle, Wałbrzych]]</div><div>Książ Castle</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Wrocław_square.jpg|127x127px|Wrocław Old Town]]</div><div>Wrocław Auld Toun</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:84px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Market_Square_Opole_Southside_2019.jpg|127x127px|Opole Old Town]]</div><div>[[Opole]] Auld Toun</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:84px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Spodek.4.jpg|127x127px|Spodek multipurpose arena, Katowice]]</div><div>Spodek, Katowice</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Deptak_Zielona_Góra.jpg|127x127px|Zielona Góra Old Town]]</div><div>Zielona Góra</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="border:1;height:95px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Opava,_Horní_náměstí,_divadlo_a_konkatedrála,_01.jpg|127x127px|Horní náměstí, Opava]]</div><div>Opava</div></div></div></div></div> |- | colspan="2" |[[File:Silesian_Eagles_CoA.png|center|150x150px]]Blasoun |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="switcher-container"><div>[[File:Ślůnsk_1335-1675.png|center|frameless]]<span class="switcher-label" data-switcher-default="" style="display:none">Show Silesia 1335-1675</span></div><div>[[File:Ślůnsk_apx_1815_-1945.png|center|frameless]]<span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show Silesia 1815-1939</span></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Ducheries & Province of Silesia on Mid-European kairt</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Silesia&params=51.6_N_17.2_E_region:PL_type:city <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°36′N</span> <span class="longitude">17°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xFEFF; / &#xFEFF;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.6°N 17.2°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xFEFF; / <span class="geo">51.6; 17.2</span></span></span>]</span></span> |- class="mergedtoprow" | class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kintra | class="infobox-data" |<div class="plainlist "> * [[Poland]] * [[Czech Republic]] * [[Germany]] </div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mucklest ceity | class="infobox-data" |[[Wrocław]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Umwhile saet | class="infobox-data" |[[Wrocław]] (Nether Silesia)<br /><br />[[Opole]] (Iver Silesia) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-header" |Area * Aathegither<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> !40,400&nbsp;km² (15,600&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Populace * Aathegither * Thrangness | class="infobox-data" |c. 8,000,000 200/km² (520/sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Demonym]] | class="infobox-data" |Silesian |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone]] * <span class="nowrap">Simmer ([[Daylicht savin time|DST]])</span> | class="infobox-data" |UTC+1 ([[Central European Time|CET]]) UTC+2 (CEST) |} '''Silesia'''{{Efn|{{IPAc-en|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʒ|ə|,_|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʃ|i|ə}} {{respell|sy|LEE|zhə|,_|sy|LEE|shee|ə}}, {{IPAc-en|UKalso|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|z|i|ə}} {{respell|sy|LEE|zee|ə}}, {{IPAc-en|USalso|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʒ|i|ə|,_|s|aɪ|ˈ|l|iː|ʃ|ə|,_|s|ɪ|ˈ|l|iː|-}} {{respell|sy|LEE|zhee|ə|,_|sy|LEE|shə|,_|sil|EE|-}}.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Silesia|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/silesia|title=Silesia|work=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Silesia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723000000/http://www.lexico.com/definition/Silesia |url-status=dead |archive-date=2019-07-23 |title=Silesia |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Silesia|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref>}} (tak a scance till the names ablow) is a historical pairt of Mid Europe that nou liggs maistly intil [[Poland]], wi smaa pairts in the Czech Republic an [[Germany]]. Its area is about {{Convert|40000|km2|-2}}, an the populace is upcuissen at 8,000,000. Silesia is riven intae twa maist subregions, Nether Silesia wastle an Iver Silesia eastle. Situate alang the [[Oder]] River, wi the [[Sudetes|Sudeten Bens]] raxin athort the southren mairch, Silesia is a heichly industrialised region rife of mineral an naitural resources. The mucklest toun an Nether Silesia's capital is [[Wrocław]]; the historic capital of Iver Silesia is [[Opole]]. The mucklest metropolitan airt is the Katowice metropolitan airt, the hert of whilk is Katowice. Pairts of the Czech toun of Ostrava an the German toun of Görlitz are situate intil Silesia's historic mairches. Silesia’s culture reflecks its wimpled history an diverse influences, takin in Polish, Czech, an German swatches. The region is kent for its unique Silesian langidge (spoken yet bi a smaa feck of fowk bidin in Iver Silesia), brawlie decored hamelt graith, hairty regional cuisine, an a mixter-maxter of [[Gothic airchitectur|Gothic]], Baroque, an industrial-era architectur seen in its ceities an touns. The region conteens mony historical meiths an [[Warld Heritage Steid|UNESCO Warld Heritage Steids]]. Silesia's mairches an national affiliation haes chyngit throu time, baith whan it wis a heirship aucht of [[Feudalism|noble housses]] an efter the rise of our ain day [[Naition state|nation-states]], resultin in a rowth of castles an stranghauds, mairbetoken in the Jelenia Góra vailley. First heild bi Great Moravia in the back end of the 9t century an Bohemia in the early 10t century, Silesia wis taen intae the ear Polish state, an efter its feudal dividin in the 12t century it creatit the Duchery of Silesia. As a result of farrer division, it wis daled intae individual ducheries, ruled bi diverse lines of the Polish Piast dynasty. In the 14t century, it haed become ane of the territories belanging the Bohemian Croun Launds unner the [[Halie Romane Rik|Halie Roman Empire]], the whilk wis gien the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy in 1526; housomever, a wheen of ducheries bedd unner the maistry of Polish dukes (Piast, [[Jagiellonian dynasty|Jagiellon]], Sobieski) as feu'd Bohemian [[Feudalism|feus]]. As a result of the Silesian Weirs, the region wis annexed bi [[Kinrick o Proushie|Prussia]] frae Austria in 1742 an syne became pairt of the [[German Empire]] in 1871. Efter [[Warld War I|Warld Weir I]], whan the Poles an Czechs haed wun back their independence, the eastmaist part of Iver Silesia became pairt of Poland bi the decision of the Entente Pouers efter upsets bi Poles an the Iver Silesian plebiscite, while the lave of the umwhile Austrian pairts of Silesia wir daled atween [[Czechoslovakie|Czechoslovakia]] an Poland. Durin [[Warld War II|Warld Weir II]], as a result of German occupation the haill region wis unner the maistry of [[Nazi Germany]]. In 1945, efter Warld Weir II, maist of the German-heild Silesia wis transferred tae Polish jurisdiction wi the Potsdam Greement atween the victorious Allies and became pairt of Poland. The smaa Lusatian skelp bewast the Oder–Neisse line, the whilk haed belanged Silesia sin 1815, became pairt of [[East Germany]]. Ower the heids of the forced popular shifts in 1945–48, the day's indwallers of Silesia speaks the national leids of their respective kintras. Umwhile German-speakin Nether Silesia haes developed a new mell'd Polish dialeck an new-farrant graith. There is ongaun debate anent whither the Silesian leid, commonly spoken in Iver Silesia, shid be consithert a dialeck of [[Pols leid|Polish]] or a sindry langidge. The Nether Silesian German dialeck is aweers of deein out ower the heids of its speakers' gettin herriet out. == Etymology == The names of Silesia in different leids maist likely skairs their etymology—the Polish: Śląsk {{IPA|pl|ɕlɔ̃sk||Pl-Śląsk.ogg}}; the German: Schlesien {{IPA|de|ˈʃleːzi̯ən||De-Schlesien.ogg}}; the Czech: Slezsko {{IPA|cs|ˈslɛsko|}}; the Nether Silesian: Schläsing; the Silesian: Ślōnsk {{IPA|szl|ɕlonsk|}}; the Nether Sorbian: Šlazyńska {{IPA|dsb|ˈʃlazɨnʲska|}}; the Iver Sorbian: Šleska {{IPA|hsb|ˈʃlɛska|}}; the Slovak: Sliezsko; [[Laitin|the Laitin]], the Spainish an the English: ''Silesia''; the French: Silésie; the Dutch: Silezië; the Italian: Slesia. The names aa effeir tae the name of a river (nou kent as Ślęza) an ben (Ben Ślęża) in mid-southren Silesia, the whilk sair'd as a releigious steid for pagans afore Christianization. ''Ślęża'' is listed as ane of the num'rous Pre-Indo-European topographic names in the region (tak a scance till [[:en:Old_European_hydronymy|auld European hydronymy]]). Frae the wittins of a puckle [[Pols leid|Polonists]], the name ''Ślęża'' {{IPA|pl|ˈɕlɛ̃ʐa|}} or ''Ślęż'' {{IPA|pl|ɕlɛ̃ʂ|}} is sib tae the Auld Polish wirds ''ślęg'' {{IPA|pl|ɕlɛŋk|}} or ''śląg'' {{IPA|pl|ɕlɔŋk|}}, meanin dunkieness, moister, or humidity. They differ wi the hypothesis that the name ''Śląsk'' haes its ruits in the name of the Silings tribe. In Polish day-tae-day speech, "Śląsk" refers tae traditionally Polish Iver Silesia an the day's Silesian Voivodeship, but less tae Nether Silesia, whilk is unalike frae Iver Silesia in mony pairts sin the feck of its popular spoke German frae roun about the mid-19t century up ontill 1945–48.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Andreas Lawaty, Hubert Orłowski|title=Deutsche und Polen: Geschichte, Kultur, Politik|publisher=C.H.Beck|year=2003|page=183|language=de}}</ref> == History == [[File:Polska_960_-_992.svg|left|thumb|200x200px|Kairt of Poland wi Silesia (''Śląsk'') in the year 992 durin the maistry of Mieszko I]] In the fowert century BC frae the south, throu the Kłodzko Vailley, the Celts made ingangins intil Silesia, an made hame around Ben Ślęża nearhand our ain day [[Wrocław]], Oława an Strzelin. Germanic Lugii tribes wir first recordit athin Silesia in the 1t century BC. [[Wast Slavs]] an Lechites wan till the pairt roun about the 7t century, an bi the ear ninth century, their colonies haed become stabilised. Local Wast Slavs stertit upsettin boundary structures like the Silesian Przesieka an the Silesia Waws. The easten mairch of Silesian sattlement wis situate bewast the Bytom, an be-east [[Racibórz]] an Cieszyn. East of this line wonned a sib Lechitic tribe kent as the Vistulans. Their northern mairch wis in the howe of the Barycz River, an abuin this bedd the Wastren Polans tribe that gied Poland its name. The first kent states in Silesia wis Greater Moravia an Bohemia. In the 10t century, the Polish ruler Mieszko I of the Piast dynasty haed taen Silesia intae the newly foundit Polish state. In 1000, the Diocie of Wrocław wis foundit as the auldest [[Catholic Kirk|Catholic]] diocie in the region, an ane of the auldest diocies in Poland, thirled tae the Roman Catholic Archdiocie of Gniezno. Poland repelled German invasions of Silesia in 1017 at Niemcza an in 1109 at Głogów. Durin the Feudal Dividin of Poland, Silesia and the lave of the kintra wis pairtit intae mony smawer ducheries ruled bi sindry Silesian dukes. In 1178, pairts of the Duchery of Kraków roun about Bytom, Oświęcim, [[Chrzanów]], an Siewierz were transferred tae the Silesian Piasts, even tho their popular wis feckly Vistulan an nae of Silesian stock. [[File:Silesia_1172-1177.jpg|thumb|226x226px|Silesia in the fore-end of Poland's feudal division, 1172–1177, Nether Silesia wi Lubusz Laund in orange, Iver Silesia in green an yella]] Walloons came tae Silesia as ane of the foremaist fremmit incomer wheens in [[Poland]], maist likely makin hame in Wrocław syne the 12th century, wi farrer Walloon incomers invited bi Duke Henry the Bairdit in the ear 13t century. Sin the 13t century, German cultural an ethnic influence gaed up as a result of incomers frae German-speakin states of the [[Halie Romane Rik|Holy Roman Empire]]. The foremaist designin of municipal privileges in Poland haed taen place in the toun of [[Złotoryja]] bi Henry the Bairdit. Medieval municipal richts modelled efter Lwówek Śląski an Środa Śląska, baith foundit bi Henry the Bairdit, haed become the founds of the municipal form of government for a curnie ceities an touns in Poland, an twa of five local Polish forms of medieval toun richts. The Beuk of Henryków, the whilk conteens the earest kent sentence written in the Polish leid, as weel as a writ conteenin the auldest prented text in the Polish, wis creatit in Henryków an Wrocław in Silesia, respectively. In 1241, the [[Mongol Empire|Mongols]] cairried out their first invasion of Poland, creatin rife pilget an mass flicht. They reived the feck of the region an defaitit the jyned Polish, Moravian an German forces heidit bi Duke Henry II the Pious at the Stour of Legnica, whilk haed taen place at Legnickie Pole nearhand [[Legnica]]. Straicht efter the daith of Orda Khan, the Mongols decidit nae to bensel farrer intae Europe, but gaed back east tae tak pairt in the election of a new Grand Khan (heid yin). Atween 1289 an 1292, Bohemian king Wenceslaus II became ''suzerain'' of a puckle of the Iver Silesian ducheries. Polish monarchs haedna gien ower their heirship richts tae Silesia ontill 1335. The province became pairt of the Bohemian Croun whilk wis pairt of the Hailie Roman Empire; houaniver, a wheen of ducheries bedd unner the maistry of the Polish dukes frae the housses of Piast, [[Jagiellonian dynasty|Jagiellon]] and Sobieski as feu'd Bohemian feus (a puckle ontill the 17t–18t centuries). Atween 1469 an 1490, the pairt was unner the maistry of Matthias Corvinus, wha mountit the Bohemian throne. In 1526 Silesia wis haundit ower wi the Bohemian Crown tae the Habsburg monarchy. In the 15t century, a curnie chynges wir made tae Silesia's mairches. Pairts of the territories that haed gotten transferred tae the Silesian Piasts in 1178 wir coff't wi the Polish kings in the saicont hauf of the 15t century (the Duchery of Oświęcim in 1457; the Duchery of Zator in 1494). The Bytom airt bedd in the aucht of the Silesian Piasts, tho it wis a pairt of the Diocie of Kraków. The Duchery of Krosno Odrzańskie ({{Lang|de|Crossen}}) wis heired bi the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1476 and wi the renunciation of King [[Ferdinand I, Haly Roman Emperor|Ferdinand I]] and the estates of Bohemia in 1538, it became pairt an pertinent of Brandenburg. Atween 1645 an 1666, the Duchery of Opole an Racibórz was hauden in wad wi the Polish Houss of Vasa in tocher of the Polish queen Cecylia Renata. [[File:Crown_of_Bohemia_1648.png|thumb|Launds of the Bohemian Croun atween 1635 an 1742, afore the maist of Silesia was gien ower tae [[Kinrick o Proushie|Prussia]]]] [[File:Silesia-map.svg|left|thumb|Kairt of Austrian an Prussian Silesia wi modren national mairches: {{Legend|#00ffff|[[Austrian Silesia]], 1740}}{{Legend|#ffffff|[[Prussian Silesia]], 1871}}{{Legend|#0000ff|[[Oder]]}}]] In 1742, maist of Silesia wis claucht wi King [[Frederick the Great|Frederick II of Prussia]] in the Weir of the Austrian Succession, at the hinner end becomin the Prussian Province of Silesia in 1815; ower the heids of this, Silesia became part of the [[German Empire]] whan it wis latten wit in 1871. The Silesian capital Breslau became than ane of the big ceities in Germany. Breslau wis a centre of Jewish life in Germany an a wechty steid of science (college) an industry (manufacturin of steam-ingines). German mass tourism stertit in the Silesian bens (Hirschberg, Schneekoppe). [[File:Wrocław_Rynek_18_sm.jpg|left|thumb|279x279px|Teipical Silesian baroque architectur in [[Wrocław]]]] Efter Warld Weir I, a pairt of Silesia, kent as Iver Silesia, wis quarreled wi Germany an the newly independent Saicont Polish Republic. The League of Nations organised a plebiscite tae sattle the maitter in 1921. It haed resultit in 60% of votes gettin cuissen for Germany an 40% for Poland. Efter the third Silesian raibblin (1921), houaniver, the eastmaist pairt of Iver Silesia (as weel as Katowice), wi a feckly ethnic Polish populace, wis gien Poland, becomin the Silesian Voivodeship. The Prussian Province of Silesia intil Germany wis than dividit intae the provinces of Nether Silesia an Iver Silesia. Meantime, Austrian Silesia, the smaa pairt of Silesia keppit bi Austria efter the Silesian Weirs, wis maistly gien tae the new Czechoslovakia (at the hinner-end kent as Czech Silesia an Trans-Olza), awtho maist of Cieszyn an laund be-east of it gaed tae Poland. Polish Silesia wis amang the foremaist regions invadit durin Germany's 1939 sailyie on Poland, the whilk stertit [[Warld War II|Warld Weir II]]. Ane of the claimed ettles of Nazi German occupation, mairbetoken in Iver Silesia, wis the extermination of thaim wham the Nazis thocht tae be "subhuman", viz Jews an ethnic Poles. The Polish an Jewish fowk of the than Polish pairt of Silesia wis subjectit tae genocide involvin expulsions, mass murther an transportation till Nazi concentration camps an forced lawbour camps, while Germans war sattled seekin for [[:en:Lebensraum|Lebensraum]]. Twa thousan Polish intellectuals, politicians, an businessmen wir murthered durin the Intelligenzaktion Schlesien<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|year=2009|location=Warszawa|language=pl}}</ref> in 1940 as pairt of a Germanization program aa ower the kintra. Silesia alsae houssed ane of the twa maist weirtime centres whaur medical pratticks wir conductit on kidnappit Polish bairns wi Nazis. Czech Silesia wis occupied bi Germany as pairt of Sudetenland. In Silesia, [[Nazi Germany]] operate the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, a curnie prisoner-of-weir camps for Allied POWs (amang thaim the maist Stalag VIII-A, Stalag VIII-B, Stalag VIII-C camps), num'rous Nazi wards an thousans of forced lawbour camps — amang thaim wis a netwark of forced lawbour camps allanerly for Poles ({{Lang|de|[[Polenlager]]}}), sub-camps of wards, POW camps and the Gross-Rosen an [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] concentration camps. The [[Potsdam Conference|Potsdam Collogue]] of 1945 haed estaiblish't the Oder-Neisse line as the mairch atween Germany an Poland ontil a hindmaist peace collogue wi Germany cuid be hauden (the whilk niver teuk place).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Geoffrey K. Roberts, Patricia Hogwood|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q40tDwAAQBAJ|title=The Politics Today Companion to West European Politics|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2013|isbn=9781847790323|page=50}}</ref> In the back end of WWII, Germans in Silesia teuk leg bail frae the battle grund, thinkin they wad be able tae come back whan the weir wis by-wi. Housomever, they cuidna come back, an thaim that haed steyed wir herried out an a new Polish popular, amang thaim wis fowk that wir herried out frae umwhile Easten Poland annexed wi the Soviet Union an frae Mid Poland, jyned the lave of the native Polish indwallers frae the region. Efter 1945 an in 1946, nearhand aa of the 4.5 meillion Silesians wi German ruits flichtit, or wir steekit in camps an herried out, amang thaim a wheen thousan German Jews that haed pitten ower the Holocaust an haed come back tae Silesia. The newly foundit Polish Unitit Wirkers' Pairty creatit a Ministry of the Recovered Territories that owned the hauf of the plou-grund (that cuid be gotten) for state-run collectivized fairms. Mony of the new Polish Silesians wha murned the Germans for their invasion in 1939 an fellness in occupation nou murned the newly foundit Polish communist government for their populace shiftin an makin an messin wi fairmin an industrial affairs.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lukowski, Zawadski|first=Jerzy, Hubert|url=https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00luko/page/278|title=A Concise History of Poland|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-521-61857-1|location=Cambridge, UK|pages=[https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00luko/page/278 278–280]|url-access=registration}}</ref> The admeinistrative division of Silesia intil Poland haes chyngit a curnie times sin 1945. Syne 1999, it haes been daled atween Lubusz Voivodeship, Nether Silesian Voivodeship, Opole Voivodeship, an Silesian Voivodeship. Czech Silesia is nou pairt of the Czech Republic, formin pairt of the Moravian-Silesian Airt an the northern pairt of the Olomouc Airt. Germany keps the Silesia-Lusatia airt ({{Lang|de|Niederschlesien-Oberlausitz}} or {{Lang|de|Schlesische Oberlausitz}}) bewast the Neisse, the whilk is pairt of the federal state of [[Saxony]]. The region wis prejudged wi the 1997, 2010 an 2024 Mid European fluids. === Ethnic history === [[File:Silesia_Language_Map_1905.png|thumb|Mither Tungs of Silesia, frae the wittins of the 1905 Census]] Our ain day Silesia is inhaibitit bi [[Poles]], Silesians, [[Germans]], and Czechs. Germans first came till Silesia durin the Late Medieval Ostsiedlung.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Weinhold|first=Karl|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_CqpCAAAAIAAJ|title=Die Verbreitung und die Herkunft der Deutschen in Schlesien|publisher=J. Engelhorn|year=1887|location=Stuttgart|language=de|trans-title=The Spread and the Origin of Germans in Silesia}}</ref> The lest Polish census in 2011 shawed that the Silesians are the mucklest ethnic or national minority in Poland, an Germans the saicont; baith groups bide maistly in Iver Silesia. The Czech pairt of Silesia is inhaibitit bi Czechs, Moravians, Silesians, and Poles. In the ear 19t century the popular of the Prussian pairt of Silesia wis atween 2/3 an 3/4 German-speakin, atween 1/5 an 1/3 Polish-speakin, wi Sorbs, Czechs, Moravians an Jews makin up the ither smawer minorities (tak a scance till Table 1. ablow). Afore the Saicont Warld Weir, Silesia wis inhaibitit maistly bi Germans, whereas Poles wir a muckle minority, formin a plurality in Iver Silesia.<ref name="Gumpert">{{Cite book|last=Jobst Gumpert|title=Polen, Deutschland|publisher=Callwey|year=1966|pages=138|language=de}}</ref> Silesia wis alsae the hame of a smaw feck of Czech an Jewish fowk. The German populace wis maistly wonnin in the urban pairts an in the laundward airts fund in the north an wast, whereas the Polish popular wis maistly laundward an cuid be fund in the east an in the south. {| class="wikitable" |+Table 1. Ethno-leid structure of Prussian Silesia in years 1787–1823 !Ethnic group !frae. G. Hassel in 1819<ref name="Georg Hassel">{{Cite book|last=Georg Hassel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=31DMAJgQV28C&pg=PA34|title=Statistischer Umriß der sämmtlichen europäischen und der vornehmsten außereuropäischen Staaten, in Hinsicht ihrer Entwickelung, Größe, Volksmenge, Finanz- und Militärverfassung, tabellarisch dargestellt; Erster Heft: Welcher die beiden großen Mächte Österreich und Preußen und den Deutschen Staatenbund darstellt|publisher=Verlag des Geographischen Instituts Weimar|year=1823|pages=33–34|language=de|quote=}}</ref> !% !frae. S. Plater in 1823{{Sfn|Plater|1825}} !% !frae. T. Ładogórski in 1787<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ładogórski|first=Tadeusz|title=Ludność, in: Historia Śląska, vol. II: 1763–1850, part 1: 1763–1806|publisher=edited by W. Długoborski|year=1966|location=Wrocław|pages=150|language=pl}}</ref> !% |- |'''Germans''' |1,561,570 |'''75.6''' |1,550,000 |'''70.5''' |1,303,300 |'''74.6''' |- |'''Poles''' |444,000 |'''21.5''' |600,000 |'''27.3''' |401,900 |'''23.0''' |- |'''Sorbs''' |24,500 |'''1.2''' |30,000 |'''1.4''' |900 |'''0.1''' |- |'''Czechs''' |5,500 |'''0.3''' | | |32,600 |'''1.9''' |- |'''Moravians''' |12,000 |'''0.6''' | | | | |- |'''Jews''' |16,916 |'''0.8''' |20,000 |'''0.9''' |8,900 |'''0.5''' |- |'''Popular''' |'''c. 2.1&nbsp;meillion''' |'''100''' |'''c. 2.2&nbsp;meillion''' |'''100''' |'''c. 1.8&nbsp;meillion''' |'''100''' |} Ethnic structure of Prussian Iver Silesia ([[Opole]] regency) durin the 19t century an the ear 20t century can be fund in Table 2.: {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" ! colspan="18" |Table 2. Nummers of Polish, German an ither indwallers (Regierungsbezirk Oppeln)<ref name="Georg Hassel">{{Cite book|last=Georg Hassel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=31DMAJgQV28C&pg=PA34|title=Statistischer Umriß der sämmtlichen europäischen und der vornehmsten außereuropäischen Staaten, in Hinsicht ihrer Entwickelung, Größe, Volksmenge, Finanz- und Militärverfassung, tabellarisch dargestellt; Erster Heft: Welcher die beiden großen Mächte Österreich und Preußen und den Deutschen Staatenbund darstellt|publisher=Verlag des Geographischen Instituts Weimar|year=1823|pages=33–34|language=de|quote=}}</ref><ref name="Paul Weber1">{{Cite book|last=Paul Weber|url=https://archive.org/details/diepoleninobersc00webeuoft|title=Die Polen in Oberschlesien: eine statistische Untersuchung|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Springer|year=1913|location=Berlin|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kalisch|first=Johannes|last2=Bochinski|first2=Hans|date=1958|title=Stosunki narodowościowe na Śląsku w świetle relacji pruskich urzędników z roku 1882|url=http://sobotka.uni.wroc.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Sobotka_13_1958_43-58.pdf|journal=Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka|location=Leipzig|volume=13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201215644/http://sobotka.uni.wroc.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Sobotka_13_1958_43-58.pdf|archive-date=1 February 2020}}</ref> |- !Year !1819 !1831 !1834 !1837 !1840 !1843 !1846 !1852 !1855 !1858 !1861 !1867 !1890 !1900 !1905 !1910 |- |'''''Polish''''' |377,100 '''(67.2%)''' |418,837 '''(62.0%)''' |468,691 '''(62.6%)''' |495,362 '''(62.1%)''' |525,395 '''(58.6%)''' |540,402 '''(58.1%)''' |568,582 '''(58.1%)''' |584,293 '''(58.6%)''' |590,248 '''(58.7%)''' |612,849 '''(57.3%)''' |665,865 '''(59.1%)''' |742,153 '''(59.8%)''' |918,728 '''(58.2%)''' |1,048,230 '''(56.1%)''' |1,158,805 '''(57.0%)''' |Census, monolingual Polish: '''1,169,340''' '''(53.0%)'''<ref name="Paul Weber2">{{Cite book|last=Paul Weber|url=https://archive.org/details/diepoleninobersc00webeuoft|title=Die Polen in Oberschlesien: eine statistische Untersuchung|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Springer|year=1913|location=Berlin|page=27|language=de}}</ref> '''or up tae''' '''1,560,000''' thegither wi bilinguals |- |'''''German''''' |162,600 '''(29.0%)''' |257,852 '''(36.1%)''' |266,399 '''(35.6%)''' |290,168 '''(36.3%)''' |330,099 '''(36.8%)''' |348,094 '''(37.4%)''' |364,175 '''(37.2%)''' |363,990 '''(36.5%)''' |366,562 '''(36.5%)''' |406,950 '''(38.1%)''' |409,218 '''(36.3%)''' |457,545 '''(36.8%)''' |566,523 '''(35.9%)''' |684,397 '''(36.6%)''' |757,200 '''(37.2%)''' |'''884,045''' '''(40.0%)''' |- |'''''Ither''''' |21,503 '''(3.8%)''' |13,254 '''(1.9%)''' |13,120 '''(1.8%)''' |12,679 '''(1.6%)''' |41,570 '''(4.6%)''' |42,292 '''(4.5%)''' |45,736 '''(4.7%)''' |49,445 '''(4.9%)''' |48,270 '''(4.8%)''' |49,037 '''(4.6%)''' |51,187 '''(4.6%)''' |41,611 '''(3.4%)''' |92,480 '''(5.9%)''' |135,519 '''(7.3%)''' |117,651 '''(5.8%)''' |Populace: 2,207,981 |} The Austrian pairt of Silesia haed a mixter-maxter of German, Polish and Czech fowk, wi speakers of the Polish makin a plurality in Cieszyn Silesia.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chromik|first=Grzegorz|title=Geschichte des deutsch-slawischen Sprachkontaktes im Teschener Schlesien|isbn=978-3-88246-398-9|pages=258–322|language=de}}</ref> ==== Releigion ==== [[File:Verbreitung_der_Konfessionen_im_deutschen_Reich.jpg|thumb|Confessions in the German Empire (Catholic/Protestant; {{Circa|1890}}). Nether Silesia wis maistly Protestant, while Glatz (Kłodzko) an Iver Silesia wis maistly Catholic.]] Historically, Silesia wis about aqual spleit atween [[Catholic Kirk|Catholics]] an [[Protestantism|Protestants]] (feckly Lutherans). In an 1890 census taen in the German pairt, Catholics made up a slicht plurality of 53%, while the ither 47% wis awmaist freely Lutheran. Geographically speakin, Iver Silesia wis maistly Catholic binna for a puckle of pairts in the nort-wast, the whilk wir feckly Lutheran. Nether Silesia wis maistly Lutheran binna for the Glatzer Laund (nou kent as Kłodzko County). Generally speakin, the popular wis maistly Protestant in the wastern pairts, an it wad maistly get mair Catholic the farrer east a body gaed. In Iver Silesia, Protestants wir thranged in muckler ceities, an aften conseidered theirsells German. Efter Warld Weir II, the releigious demographics haed chyngit muckle sin Germans, wha made up the feck of the Protestant fowk, wir forcibly herried out. Poles, wha wir maistly Catholic, haed made hame again here in their steid. The day, Silesia bides feckly Catholic. Extant syne the 12t century, Silesia's Jewish commonty wis thranged around Wrocław an Iver Silesia, an nummered at 48,003 (1.1% of the popular) in 1890, gaein doun tae 44,985 bodies (0.9%) bi 1910. In Polish East Iver Silesia, the nummer of Jews wis roun about 90,000–100,000. Historically, the commonty haed dree'd a nummer of localised herryin outs, for ensample their 1453 herryin out frae [[Wrocław]]. Atween 1712 an 1820 a tring of chiels heild the teitle Heid Rabbi of Silesia ("Landesrabbiner"): Naphtali ha-Kohen (1712–16); Samuel ben Naphtali (1716–22); Ḥayyim Jonah Te'omim (1722–1727); Baruch b. Reuben Gomperz (1733–54); Joseph Jonas Fränkel (1754–93); Jeremiah Löw Berliner (1793–99); Lewin Saul Fränkel (1800–7); Aaron Karfunkel (1807–16); an Abraham ben Gedaliah Tiktin (1816–20).<ref>{{Cite web|last=<!--Not stated-->|title=Silesia|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7747-hirschberg|access-date=6 December 2017|website=1906 Jewish Encyclopedia|publisher=JewishEncyclopedia.com}}</ref> ==== Eftercasts of Warld Weir II ==== Efter the Germans invadit Poland in 1939, efter the Nazi racial policy, the Jewish fowk of Silesia wis subjectit tae genocide wi executions cairried out wi Einsatzgruppe z. B.V. heidit bi Udo von Woyrsch an Einsatzgruppe I heidit bi Bruno Streckenbach, wardin in ghettos, an ethnic cleansing of the General Government. In their ettles tae exterminate the Jews throu murther an ethnic cleansin, the Germans foundit the Auschwitz an Gross-Rosen camps in the province of Silesia. Herryin outs wir cairried out apenly an souched in the local paper. Thaim sent tae ghettos wad frae 1942 be herried out till concentration an wark camps. Atween 5 Mey an 17 Juin, 20,000 Silesian Jews wir sent till Birkenau till gas chaumers an aa throu August 1942, atween 10,000 an 13,000 Silesian Jews wir murthert wi gassin at the Auschwitz. Maist Jews in Silesia wir exterminated wi the Nazis. Efter the weir Silesia became a heidmaist steid till repatriation of the Jewish fowk in Poland that haed pitten ower Nazi German extermination an in the hairst of 1945, 15,000 Jews wir in Nether Silesia, maistly Polish Jews that cam back frae territories that nou belanged the Soviet Union, risin in 1946 tae seiventy thousan as Jewish survivors frae ither pairts of Poland wir relocate. The feck of Germans flichtit or wir herried out frae the day's Polish an Czech pairts of Silesia durin an efter Warld Weir II. Atween Juin 1945 an Januar 1947, 1.77&nbsp;meillion Germans wir herried out frae Nether Silesia, an 310,000 frae Iver Silesia. The day, maist German Silesians an their descendants bides in the Federal Republic of Germany, mony of thaim in the [[Ruhr]] pairt wirkin as miners, like their forebeirs in Silesia. Ane of its maist namely but controversial presses wis the [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|Christian Democratic Union]] politician Herbert Hupka. The herryin out of Germans haed resultit in rife unnerpopulation. The populace of the toun of Głogów fell frae 33,500 tae 5,000, an atween 1939 an 1966 the populace of Wrocław fell bi 25%. Ettles tae re-people Silesia didna come muckle speed in the 1940s and 1950s, an Silesia's popular didna rax tae pre-weir levels ontill the hint-end of the 1970s. The Polish sattlers that re-peopled Silesia wir pairtly frae the umwhile Polish Easten Mairchlaunds, the whilk wis annexed bi the [[Soviet Union]] in 1939. Wrocław wis pairtly re-peopled wi bield-seekers frae the umwhile Polish ceity of [[Lviv|Lwów]]. == Geography == [[File:Landkarte_von_Schlesien.jpg|thumb|First kairt of Silesia bi Martin Helwig, 1561; north at the bottom]] [[File:Silesia_Physical_Map.png|thumb|Physical kairt of Silesia in 1905]] The maist of Silesia is affeirin flet, awtho its southren mairch is maistly montanous. It is feckly locate in a swathe rinnin alang baith braes of the iver an mid [[Oder|Oder (Odra)]] River, but it raxes eastle tae the iver Vistula River. The pairt alsae taks in mony leaders of the Oder, amang thaim is the Bóbr (an its leader the Kwisa), the Barycz an the Nysa Kłodzka. The [[Sudetes|Sudeten Bens]] rins alang the maist of the southren rind of the region, tho at its south-eastern extreme it raxes tae the Silesian Beskids an Moravian-Silesian Beskids, the whilk belang the [[Carpathie Moontains|Carpathian Bens]]. Historically, Silesia wis boundit wastle bi the Kwisa an Bóbr Rivers, while the laund bewast the Kwisa wis in Iver Lusatia (earlier ''Milsko''). Housomever, because pairt of Iver Lusatia wis taen in the Province of Silesia in 1815, in Germany Görlitz, Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis an neebourin airts are conseidered pairts of historical Silesia. Thon destricks, alang wi Poland's Nether Silesian Voivodeship an pairts of Lubusz Voivodeship, mak up the geographic region of Nether Silesia. Silesia haes unnergaen a siclike notional raxin at its eastern extreme. Historically, it raxed anelie as faur as the Brynica River, whilk sinders it frae Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in Nether Poland. Houaniver, tae mony Poles the day, Silesia (''Śląsk)'' is unnerstuid tae kiver aa the area roun about Katowice, includin Zagłębie. This interpretation is gien offeicial ratihabitation in the yuise of the name Silesian Voivodeship ({{lang|pl|województwo śląskie}}) for the province kiverin this area. In fack, the wird {{lang|pl|Śląsk}} in the Polish (whan yuised athout qualification) nou commonly refers alanerlie tae this area (alsae cried {{lang|pl|Górny Śląsk}} or Iver Silesia). As weel as the Katowice airt, historical Iver Silesia alsae taks in the [[Opole]] region (Poland's Opole Voivodeship) an Czech Silesia. Czech Silesia is made up of a pairt of the Moravian-Silesian Region an the Jeseník Destrick in the Olomouc Region. === Naitural resources === Silesia is an airt rife of resources an fowk. Syne the mid-18t century, coal haes gotten mined here. The industry haed grown while Silesia wis pairt of Germany, an peaked in the 1970s unner the Fowk's Republic of Poland. Durin this time, Silesia became ane of the warld's mucklest producers of coal, wi a record tonnage in 1979.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> The coal minin dwined durin the nixt twa decades, but haes gaen up again follaein the end of Communist maistry. [[File:KWK_Bolesław_Śmiały_01.jpg|thumb|Bolesław Śmiały Coal Mine, Łaziska Górne]] The 41 coal mines in Silesia are maistly pairt of the Iver Silesian Coal Basin, whilk liggs in the Silesian Braes. The coalfield haes an area of about {{Convert|4,500|km2|mi2}}.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> Deposits in Nether Silesia hae kyth'd tae be a trauchle tae mak yuise of an the area's onprofitable mines wir steekit in 2000.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl" /> In 2008, an upcuissen 35&nbsp;billion tonnes of lignite fordels wir fund near Legnica, makin thaim some of the mucklest in the warld.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mamy największe złoża węgla brunatnego na świecie|url=http://www.gazetawyborcza.pl/1,82244,4820533.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20120503194935/http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/1,114873,4820533.html|archive-date=2012-05-03|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Gazetawyborcza.pl|language=pl}}</ref> Frae the fowerth century BC, airn ore haes been mined in the braes of Silesia.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> The samen while haed leid, capper, siller, an gowd minin. Zinc, cadmium, arsenic, an [[uranium]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wise International &#124; World Information Service on Energy|url=http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/index.html?http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/439-440/poland.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010053346/http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/index.html?http%3A%2F%2Fwww10.antenna.nl%2Fwise%2F439-440%2Fpoland.html|archive-date=10 October 2007|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=0.antenna.nl}}</ref> hev been mined in the region forbye. Nether Silesia features lairge capper minin an processing atween the ceities of [[Legnica]], Głogów, Lubin, and Polkowice. In the Middle Ages, gowd (Polish: złoto) an siller (Polish: srebro) wir mined in the region, whilk is refleckit in the names of the umwhile minin touns of [[Złotoryja]], Złoty Stok an Srebrna Góra. The region is kent for stane quarrying tae produce limestane, marl, mairble, an basalt.<ref name="en.poland.gov.pl">{{Cite web|title=Natural Resources &#124; poland.gov.pl|url=http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110813164344/http://en.poland.gov.pl/Natural,Resources,310.html|archive-date=2011-08-13|access-date=19 November 2013|publisher=En.poland.gov.pl}}</ref> {| class="wikitable col2right" |+'''Annwal throu-pit of minerals in Silesia''' !Mineral name !Throu-pit (tonnes) !Ref. |- |Bituminous coal |95,000,000 | |- |Capper |571,000 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 July 2011|title=Copper: World Smelter Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/copper/copper_t21.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Zinc |160,000 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 July 2004|title=Zinc: World Smelter Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/zinc/zinc_table18.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Siller |1,200 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 August 2004|title=Silver: World Mine Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/silver/silver_table08.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Cadmium |500 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 May 2012|title=Cadmium: World Refinery Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/cadmium/cadmium_t5.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |- |Leid |70,000 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 June 2005|title=Lead: World Refinery Production, By Country|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/lead/lead_t16.html|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Indexmundi.com}}</ref> |} The region alsae haes a weel-daein lawbourage sector, whilk produces cereals (white, rye, barley, aits, stuff), tatties, rapeseed, succar beets and siclike. Milk throu-pit is weel developed. The Opole Silesia haes for decades taen the tap spat in Poland for their indices of effective yuise of pleu laund.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Samorząd Województwa Opolskiego|url=http://umwo.opole.pl/serwis/index.php?id=2009|access-date=20 November 2013|publisher=Umwo.opole.pl}}</ref> Montanous pairts of southren Silesia features mony particular an hertsome tourism destinations (e.g., Karpacz, Szczyrk, Wisła). Silesia is maistly weel forestit. This is because greenness is maistly heichly socht efter bi the local popular, mairbetoken in the heichly industrialized pairts of Silesia. == Demographics == Silesia haes been historically diverse in aa pairts. Nouadays, the mucklest pairt of Silesia is locate in Poland; it is aften cried ane of the maist diverse pairts in thon kintra. The Unitit States Immigration Commission, in its ''Dictionary of Races or Fowk'' (published in 1911, whan gey muckle nummers of fowk frae Silesia wir flittin till the Unitit States), consithert Silesian as a geographical (nae ethnic) term, beirin the inhaibitants of Silesia. The existence of baith Polish Silesian an German Silesian dialecks thereawa wis mintioned forbye.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dillingham|first=William Paul|url=https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofrace00unitrich#page/128/mode/1up/search/Silesian|title=Dictionary of Races or Peoples|last2=Folkmar|first2=Daniel|last3=Folkmar|first3=Elnora|publisher=Washington, Government Printing Office|year=1911|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=128}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Dillingham|first=William Paul|url=https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofrace00unitrich#page/105/mode/1up|title=Dictionary of Races or Peoples|last2=Folkmar|first2=Daniel|last3=Folkmar|first3=Elnora|publisher=Washington, Government Printing Office|others=United States. Immigration Commission (1907–1910)|year=1911|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=105, 128}}</ref> === Ceities an touns === The follaein table taks in the ceities and touns in Silesia with a popular greater nor 20,000 (2026).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-04-29|title=Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2025. As of 31 December (table IV)|url=https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-division-in-2025-as-of-31-december,3,39.html|access-date=2026-06-04|publisher=[[Statistics Poland]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-18|title=Population in municipalities as at 1. 1.|url=https://data.csu.gov.cz/datastat/data/VYBER/OBY02AT02|website=DataStat|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! style="width:1%;" | ! style="width:1%;" | !Name ! style="width:6%;" |Popular ! style="width:11%;" |Area ! style="width:4%;" |Kintra !Admeinistrative ! style="width:15%;" |Historic subregion |- style="text-align:center;" |1 |[[File:Herb_wroclaw.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Wrocław]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |672,601 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|293|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |2 |[[File:Ostrava_CoA_CZ.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Ostrava'''* | style="text-align:center;" |280,853 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|214|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia/[[Moravie|Moravia]] |- style="text-align:center;" |3 |[[File:Katowice_Herb.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Katowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |277,415 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|165|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |4 |[[File:Gliwice_herb.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Gliwice''' | style="text-align:center;" |166,942 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|134|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |5 |[[File:POL_Bielsko-Biała_COA.svg|center|48x48px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bielsko-Biała'''* | style="text-align:center;" |163,164 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|125|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia/Lesser Poland |- style="text-align:center;" |6 |[[File:POL_Zabrze_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Zabrze''' | style="text-align:center;" |150,780 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|80|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |7 |[[File:Bytom_herb.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bytom''' | style="text-align:center;" |144,598 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|69|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |8 |[[File:POL_Zielona_Góra_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Zielona Góra''' | style="text-align:center;" |138,476 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|58|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |9 |[[File:POL_Rybnik_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Rybnik]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |128,788 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|148|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |10 |[[File:POL_Ruda_Śląska_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Ruda Śląska''' | style="text-align:center;" |127,601 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|78|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |11 |[[File:POL_Opole_COA.svg|center|34x34px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Opole]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |126,623 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|97|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |12 |[[File:POL_Tychy_COA.svg|center|27x27px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Tychy''' | style="text-align:center;" |120,081 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|82|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |13 |[[File:Chorzów_herb.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Chorzów''' | style="text-align:center;" |98,418 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|33|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |14 |[[File:POL_Wałbrzych_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Wałbrzych]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |97,546 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|85|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |15 |[[File:Legnica_herb.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Legnica]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |89,919 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|56|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |16 |[[File:POL_Jastrzębie-Zdrój_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Jastrzębie-Zdrój''' | style="text-align:center;" |80,527 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|85|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |17 |[[File:POL_Jelenia_Góra_COA_1.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Jelenia Góra''' | style="text-align:center;" |73,470 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|109|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |18 |[[File:POL_Mysłowice_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Mysłowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |70,160 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|66|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |19 |[[File:Havirov_CoA.png|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Havířov''' | style="text-align:center;" |67,998 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|32|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |20 |[[File:POL_Lubin_COA.svg|center|27x27px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Lubin''' | style="text-align:center;" |65,961 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|41|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |21 |[[File:POL_Siemianowice_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Siemianowice Śląskie''' | style="text-align:center;" |62,311 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|25|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |22 |[[File:POL_Żory_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Żory''' | style="text-align:center;" |61,857 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|65|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |23 |[[File:Herb_TarnowskieGory.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Tarnowskie Góry''' | style="text-align:center;" |61,001 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|84|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |24 |[[File:POL_Głogów_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Głogów''' | style="text-align:center;" |60,605 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|35|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |25 |[[File:Wappen_Goerlitz_vector.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Görlitz'''** | style="text-align:center;" |55,186 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|68|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|GER}} | style="text-align:center;" |{{Flagicon|Saxony}} [[Saxony]] |Nether Silesia{{Efn|Historically part of [[Lusatia]], Görlitz and Zgorzelec were considered part of Lower Silesia in the years 1319–1329 and 1815–1945.}} |- style="text-align:center;" |26 |[[File:Opava_CoA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Opava''' | style="text-align:center;" |54,881 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|91|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |27 |[[File:Frýdek_Místek_CoA_CZ.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Frýdek-Místek'''* | style="text-align:center;" |53,164 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|52|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia/Moravia |- style="text-align:center;" |28 |[[File:POL_Kędzierzyn-Koźle_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Kędzierzyn-Koźle''' | style="text-align:center;" |53,140 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|124|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |29 |[[File:POL_Świdnica_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świdnica''' | style="text-align:center;" |51,357 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|22|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |30 |[[File:POL_Piekary_Śląskie_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Piekary Śląskie''' | style="text-align:center;" |51,030 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|40|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |31 |[[File:POL_Racibórz_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Racibórz]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |48,750 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|75|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |32 |[[File:Karwina_herb.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''[[Karviná]]''' | style="text-align:center;" |48,684 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|58|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |33 |[[File:POL_Świętochłowice_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świętochłowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |44,621 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|13|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |34 |[[File:POL_Wodzisław_Śląski_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Wodzisław Śląski''' | style="text-align:center;" |44,017 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|50|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |35 |[[File:POL_Mikołów_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Mikołów''' | style="text-align:center;" |41,478 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|79|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |36 |[[File:POL_Nysa_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Nysa''' | style="text-align:center;" |39,887 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|27|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |37 |[[File:POL_Bolesławiec_COA_1.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bolesławiec''' | style="text-align:center;" |36,642 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|24|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |38 |[[File:POL_Nowa_Sól_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Nowa Sól''' | style="text-align:center;" |35,230 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|22|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |39 |[[File:Herb_Knurów-2018.png|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Knurów''' | style="text-align:center;" |34,919 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|34|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |40 |[[File:POL_Oleśnica_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Oleśnica''' | style="text-align:center;" |34,676 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|21|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |41 |[[File:POL_Czechowice-Dziedzice_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Czechowice-Dziedzice''' | style="text-align:center;" |34,564 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|33|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |42 |[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Třinec.svg|center|34x34px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Třinec''' | style="text-align:center;" |33,523 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|85|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |43 |[[File:POL_Oława_COA.svg|center|33x33px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Oława''' | style="text-align:center;" |32,928 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|27|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |44 |[[File:POL_Brzeg_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Brzeg''' | style="text-align:center;" |32,724 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|15|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |45 |[[File:POL_Cieszyn_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Cieszyn''' | style="text-align:center;" |32,217 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|29|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |46 |[[File:Wappen_Hoyerswerda.PNG|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Hoyerswerda'''** | style="text-align:center;" |30,759 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|96|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|GER}} | style="text-align:center;" |{{Flagicon|Saxony}} Saxony |Nether Silesia{{Efn|Historically part of Lusatia, Hoyerswerda was considered part of Lower Silesia in the years 1825–1945.}} |- style="text-align:center;" |47 |[[File:POL_Dzierżoniów_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Dzierżoniów''' | style="text-align:center;" |30,014 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|20|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |48 |[[File:POL_Zgorzelec_COA.svg|center|31x31px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Zgorzelec'''** | style="text-align:center;" |28,095 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|16|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia[b] |- style="text-align:center;" |49 |[[File:POL_Bielawa_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bielawa''' | style="text-align:center;" |27,480 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|36|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |50 |[[File:Orlová_znak.png|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Orlová''' | style="text-align:center;" |27,383 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|25|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |51 |[[File:POL_Lubliniec_COA.svg|center|28x28px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Lubliniec''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,931 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|89|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |52 |[[File:Cesky_Tesin_CoA.png|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Český Těšín''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,870 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|34|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |53 |[[File:POL_Żagań_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Żagań''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,800 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|40|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |54 |[[File:Krnov_znak.png|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Krnov''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,303 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|44|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |55 |[[File:POL_Orzesze_COA.svg|center|32x32px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Orzesze''' | style="text-align:center;" |22,242 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|84|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |56 |[[File:POL_Świebodzice_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świebodzice''' | style="text-align:center;" |21,469 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|30|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |57 |[[File:POL_Kluczbork_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Kluczbork''' | style="text-align:center;" |21,232 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|12|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_opolskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Opole Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |58 |[[File:POL_Polkowice_COA_2022.svg|center|27x27px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Polkowice''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,832 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|24|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Nether Silesian Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |59 |[[File:POL_Łaziska_Górne_COA.svg|center|29x29px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Łaziska Górne''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,826 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|21|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Silesian Voivodeship |Iver Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |60 |[[File:POL_Świebodzin_COA.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Świebodzin''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,480 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|11|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|POL}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:POL_województwo_lubuskie_flag.svg|border|22x22px]] Lubusz Voivodeship |Nether Silesia |- style="text-align:center;" |61 |[[File:Bohumin_CoA_CZ.svg|center|30x30px]] | style="text-align:left;" |'''Bohumín''' | style="text-align:center;" |20,234 | style="text-align:center;" |{{Convert|31|km²|0}} |{{Flagicon|CZE}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg|border|22x22px]] Moravian-Silesian Region |Czech Silesia |} <nowiki>*</nowiki> Anelie pairt in Silesia<gallery> File:Old_Town_Hall_in_Wrocław,_September_2022_07.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Old_Town_Hall_in_Wroc%C5%82aw,_September_2022_07.jpg|[[:en:Wrocław|Wrocław]] File:Masarykovo_namesti.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Masarykovo_namesti.jpg|[[:en:Ostrava|Ostrava]] File:Katowice_Rynek.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Katowice_Rynek.jpg|[[:en:Katowice|Katowice]] File:6588vik_Gliwice._Foto_Barbara_Maliszewska.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6588vik_Gliwice._Foto_Barbara_Maliszewska.jpg|[[:en:Gliwice|Gliwice]] File:Ratusz_Bielsko-Biała.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ratusz_Bielsko-Bia%C5%82a.JPG|[[:en:Bielsko-Biała|Bielsko-Biała]] File:Zabrze_post_office.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Zabrze_post_office.jpg|[[:en:Zabrze|Zabrze]] File:Rynek_w_Bytomiu_2020.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rynek_w_Bytomiu_2020.jpg|[[:en:Bytom|Bytom]] File:Ratusz_i_Stary_Rynek_w_Zielonej_Górze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ratusz_i_Stary_Rynek_w_Zielonej_G%C3%B3rze.jpg|[[:en:Zielona_Góra|Zielona Góra]] File:Rynek_w_Rybniku_1.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rynek_w_Rybniku_1.JPG|[[:en:Rybnik|Rybnik]] File:Plac_Jana_Pawła_II_w_Nowym_Bytomiu.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Plac_Jana_Paw%C5%82a_II_w_Nowym_Bytomiu.jpg|[[:en:Ruda_Śląska|Ruda Śląska]] File:Opole_0001.7_-_widok_na_Stare_Miasto.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Opole_0001.7_-_widok_na_Stare_Miasto.jpg|[[:en:Opole|Opole]] File:Tychy_Stare._Rynek1.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tychy_Stare._Rynek1.JPG|[[:en:Tychy|Tychy]] File:Chorzów_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG|[[:en:Chorzów|Chorzów]] File:Wałbrzych_-_Rynek_03.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wa%C5%82brzych_-_Rynek_03.jpg|[[:en:Wałbrzych|Wałbrzych]] File:Legnica_-_Rynek_-_Dawny_Ratusz_01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Legnica_-_Rynek_-_Dawny_Ratusz_01.jpg|[[:en:Legnica|Legnica]] File:Pałac_w_Boryni_7.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pa%C5%82ac_w_Boryni_7.JPG|[[:en:Jastrzębie-Zdrój|Jastrzębie-Zdrój]] File:Horni-namesti1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Horni-namesti1.jpg|[[:en:Opava|Opava]] File:SM_Brzeg_Ratusz_2023_(1).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SM_Brzeg_Ratusz_2023_(1).jpg|[[:en:Brzeg|Brzeg]] </gallery> == Flags an blasouns == The signs of Nether Silesia an Iver Silesia hae their founds in the signs of the Piasts of Nether Silesia an Iver Silesia. The blasoun of Iver Silesia depicts the gowden earn on the blue shiel. The blasoun of Nether Silesia depicts a black earn on a gowden (yella) shiel.<gallery> File:DEU_Oberschlesien_1926-1945_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DEU_Oberschlesien_1926-1945_COA.svg|Blasoun of the Prussian [[:en:Province_of_Upper_Silesia|province of Iver Silesia]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_śląskie_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg|[[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Silesian_Voivodeship|Blasoun of the Silesian Voivodeship]] File:POL_województwo_opolskie_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_opolskie_COA.svg|[[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Opole_Voivodeship|The blasoun of the Opolskie Voivodeship]] File:Henryk_I_Probus_herb.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henryk_I_Probus_herb.png|Blasoun of Duke [[:en:Henry_Probus|Henry Probus]] File:Wappen_Herzogtum_Schlesien.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Herzogtum_Schlesien.png|Blasoun of [[:en:Austrian_Silesia|Austrian Silesia]] (1742–1918) File:Wappen_Provinz_Niederschlesien.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Provinz_Niederschlesien.png|Prussian [[:en:Province_of_Lower_Silesia|province of Nether Silesia]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_COA.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg|Blasoun of the [[:en:Lower_Silesia_Voivodeship|Nether Silesia Voivodeship]] File:Znak_Slezska.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Znak_Slezska.svg|Blasoun of [[:en:Czech_Silesia|Czech Silesia]] </gallery>Flags wi their colors refer tae the blasoun of Silesia.<gallery> File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Oberschlesien.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flagge_Preu%C3%9Fen_-_Provinz_Oberschlesien.svg|[[:en:Flag_of_Upper_Silesia|Flag of Prussian Iver Silesia province]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_śląskie_flag.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg|Flag of Silesia Voivodeship File:Flag_of_Czech_Silesia.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Czech_Silesia.svg|Flag of the Austrian Silesia (1742–1918), an Czech Silesia File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Schlesien.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flagge_Preu%C3%9Fen_-_Provinz_Schlesien.svg|[[:en:Flag_of_Silesia_and_Lower_Silesia|Flag of Prussian Nether Silesia province]] (1919–1938 and 1941–1945) File:POL_województwo_dolnośląskie_flag.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg|Flag of Nether Silesia Voivodeship </gallery> == Warld Heritage Steids == <gallery mode="packed-hover" widths="200px" heights="160px"> File:Swidnica-_Kosciol_Pokoju_02.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Swidnica-_Kosciol_Pokoju_02.jpg|Kirks of Peace, Świdnica an Jawor File:Wrocław_-_Jahrhunderthalle5.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wroc%C5%82aw_-_Jahrhunderthalle5.jpg|Centennial Haa, [[Wrocław]] File:SZTOLNIA_GŁĘBOKA_FRYDERYK_-_część_trasy_turystycznej_pn._Sztolnia_Czarnego_Pastrąga.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SZTOLNIA_G%C5%81%C4%98BOKA_FRYDERYK_-_cz%C4%99%C5%9B%C4%87_trasy_turystycznej_pn._Sztolnia_Czarnego_Pastr%C4%85ga.jpg|Historic Siller Mine, Tarnowskie Góry File:Das_Neue_Schloss_im_Park.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Das_Neue_Schloss_im_Park.jpg|Muskau Pairk, Łęknica an Bad Muskau<ref>Łęknica and Bad Muskau were considered part of Silesia in years 1815–1945.</ref> </gallery> == Relatit links == * == Notes == == References == == Sources == * {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Silesia|volume=25|pages=90–92}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Czapliński|editor1-first=Marek|editor2-last=Wiszewski|editor2-first=Przemysław|encyclopedia=Region Divided - Times of Nation-States (1918-1945)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/64229/Cuius_regio_vol_4.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2014|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=4|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-927132-8-9}} * {{Cite book|last=Długajczyk|first=Edward|title=Tajny front na granicy cieszyńskiej. Wywiad i dywersja w latach 1919–1939|publisher=Śląsk|year=1993|isbn=83-85831-03-7|location=[[Katowice]]|author-link=Edward Długajczyk}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Harc|editor1-first=Lucyna|editor2-last=Wąs|editor2-first=Gabriela|encyclopedia=The Strengthening of Silesian Regionalism (1526-1740)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/73766/Cuius_regio_vol_2.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2014|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=2|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-927132-6-5}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Harc|editor1-first=Lucyna|editor2-last=Kulak|editor2-first=Teresa|encyclopedia=Silesia under the Authority of the Hohenzollerns (1741-1918)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/79021/Cuius_regio_vol_3.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2015|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=3|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-942651-3-7}} * {{Cite book|last=Plater|first=Stanisław|url=https://obc.opole.pl/Content/8541/download/|title=Jeografia wschodniéy części Europy czyli Opis krajów przez wielorakie narody słowiańskie zamieszkanych : obejmujący Prussy, Xsięztwo Poznańskie, Szląsk Pruski, Gallicyą, Rzeczpospolitę Krakowską, Krolestwo Polskie i Litwę|publisher=Wilhelm Bogumił Korn|year=1825|location=Wrocław|language=pl|trans-title=Geography of the Eastern Part of Europe, or Description of the Countries inhabited by Various Slavic Nations: Including Prussia, the Duchy of Posen, Prussian Silesia, Galicia, the Republic of Cracow, the Kingdom of Poland, and Lithuania|author-link=Stanisław Plater}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor-last=Przemysław|editor-first=Wiszewski|encyclopedia=The Long Formation of the Region (c. 1000–1526)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/49790/Cuius_regio_vol_1.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2013|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=1|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-927132-1-0}} *  {{cite encyclopedia|editor-last=Wiszewski|editor-first=Przemysław|encyclopedia=Permanent Change - The New Region(s) of Silesia (1945-2015)|url=http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/76597/Cuius_regio_vol_5.pdf|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en|year=2015|publisher=ebooki.com.pl|title=Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia|volume=5|location=Wrocław, Poland|isbn=978-83-942651-2-0}} * {{Cite book|last=Zahradnik|first=Stanisław|title=Korzenie Zaolzia|last2=Marek Ryczkowski|publisher=PAI-press|year=1992|location=Warszawa - Praga - Trzyniec|oclc=177389723}} == Wabsteid links == * {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070727142251/http://brws.silesia-region.pl/indexang.php|date=27 July 2007|title=Silesia in Europe page}} * [http://www.hoeckmann.de/germany/silesia.htm Map of Silesia in 1763] * [http://www.vogel-soya.de/bilder/Schlesphoto.html Old postcards from Silesian towns] * [http://www.schlesierland.de/index.html Photos from Silesian towns, villages and communities before 1946] * [http://culture.pl/en/article/what-is-silesia What is Silesia?] * [https://mapy.com/en/zakladni?q=Slezsko%20-%20s%20moravsk%C3%BDmi%20enkl%C3%A1vami&source=area&id=191266&ds=1&x=17.1035242&y=50.7247522&z=7 Borders of Silesia with Moravian enclaves] on Mapy.com <nowiki> [[Category:Coordinates on Wikidata]] [[Category:Airticles conteenin German-leid text]] [[Category:Airticles conteenin Czech-leid text]] [[Category:Airticles conteenin Pols-leid text]]</nowiki> 4ik38lz4op7zvcspvtedzicjdhapqd0 3 233625 918134 2026-06-17T22:06:23Z Mr.Murdoch78 119895 Walcome tae the Scots Wikipaedia ! 918134 wikitext text/x-wiki ==''Walcome!''== Hullo, Sikander, an [[Wikipedia:Walcome, ane an aw|walcome]] til the Wikipedie! Guid tae see ye. Thank ye for [[Special:Contributions/Sikander|yer contribution]]. Some gibbles ye'll find uissfu: * [[Wikipedia:Aboot|Aboot Wikipedie]] – whit it is an isna. * [[Wikipedia:Five pillars|The five pillars o Wikipaedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Lessons (Editin)|Hou tae edit a page]] an [[Wikipedia:Lessons (Stairt an airticle)|Stairtin airticles]] – gang til the [[Wikipedia:Lessons|Wikipedie Lessons]]. * [[Wikipedia:Mercat Cross|Mercat Cross]] – tae caw the crack anent the technical wirkins here * [[Wikipedia:Spellin an grammar]] – gin yer interestit in writin airticles Bi gaun throu the [[Wikipedia:Commonty Yett|Commontie Yett]] ye'll can find aw kynd o wittins adae wi uisin an eikin til the Wikipedie. For tae hae a sey shottie, veesit oor [[Wikipedia:Saundpit|Saundpit]]. '''Dinna haud yer wheesht, haud yer ain!'''<!--Template:Walcome--> [[Uiser:Mr.Murdoch78|Mr.Murdoch78]] ([[Uiser collogue:Mr.Murdoch78|tauk]]) 22:06, 17 Juin 2026 (UTC) 5lsl090hnv3e6j6lwgk3kmeqba8hkxo 3 233626 918135 2026-06-17T22:06:55Z Mr.Murdoch78 119895 Walcome tae the Scots Wikipaedia ! 918135 wikitext text/x-wiki ==''Walcome!''== Hullo, Angel111l, an [[Wikipedia:Walcome, ane an aw|walcome]] til the Wikipedie! Guid tae see ye. Thank ye for [[Special:Contributions/Angel111l|yer contribution]]. Some gibbles ye'll find uissfu: * [[Wikipedia:Aboot|Aboot Wikipedie]] – whit it is an isna. * [[Wikipedia:Five pillars|The five pillars o Wikipaedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Lessons (Editin)|Hou tae edit a page]] an [[Wikipedia:Lessons (Stairt an airticle)|Stairtin airticles]] – gang til the [[Wikipedia:Lessons|Wikipedie Lessons]]. * [[Wikipedia:Mercat Cross|Mercat Cross]] – tae caw the crack anent the technical wirkins here * [[Wikipedia:Spellin an grammar]] – gin yer interestit in writin airticles Bi gaun throu the [[Wikipedia:Commonty Yett|Commontie Yett]] ye'll can find aw kynd o wittins adae wi uisin an eikin til the Wikipedie. For tae hae a sey shottie, veesit oor [[Wikipedia:Saundpit|Saundpit]]. '''Dinna haud yer wheesht, haud yer ain!'''<!--Template:Walcome--> [[Uiser:Mr.Murdoch78|Mr.Murdoch78]] ([[Uiser collogue:Mr.Murdoch78|tauk]]) 22:06, 17 Juin 2026 (UTC) oflvcuni140ayfawy2temgi420aq6uz 3 233627 918136 2026-06-17T22:07:44Z Mr.Murdoch78 119895 Walcome tae the Scots Wikipaedia ! 918136 wikitext text/x-wiki ==''Walcome!''== Hullo, Jmabel, an [[Wikipedia:Walcome, ane an aw|walcome]] til the Wikipedie! Guid tae see ye. Thank ye for [[Special:Contributions/Jmabel|yer contribution]]. Some gibbles ye'll find uissfu: * [[Wikipedia:Aboot|Aboot Wikipedie]] – whit it is an isna. * [[Wikipedia:Five pillars|The five pillars o Wikipaedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Lessons (Editin)|Hou tae edit a page]] an [[Wikipedia:Lessons (Stairt an airticle)|Stairtin airticles]] – gang til the [[Wikipedia:Lessons|Wikipedie Lessons]]. * [[Wikipedia:Mercat Cross|Mercat Cross]] – tae caw the crack anent the technical wirkins here * [[Wikipedia:Spellin an grammar]] – gin yer interestit in writin airticles Bi gaun throu the [[Wikipedia:Commonty Yett|Commontie Yett]] ye'll can find aw kynd o wittins adae wi uisin an eikin til the Wikipedie. For tae hae a sey shottie, veesit oor [[Wikipedia:Saundpit|Saundpit]]. '''Dinna haud yer wheesht, haud yer ain!'''<!--Template:Walcome--> [[Uiser:Mr.Murdoch78|Mr.Murdoch78]] ([[Uiser collogue:Mr.Murdoch78|tauk]]) 22:07, 17 Juin 2026 (UTC) ni3vn5vx4sz42wa8dnh0mbele3fhlgs 3 233628 918141 2026-06-18T09:09:55Z Mr.Murdoch78 119895 Walcome tae the Scots Wikipaedia ! 918141 wikitext text/x-wiki ==''Walcome!''== Hullo, Cartoniecereali, an [[Wikipedia:Walcome, ane an aw|walcome]] til the Wikipedie! Guid tae see ye. Thank ye for [[Special:Contributions/Cartoniecereali|yer contribution]]. Some gibbles ye'll find uissfu: * [[Wikipedia:Aboot|Aboot Wikipedie]] – whit it is an isna. * [[Wikipedia:Five pillars|The five pillars o Wikipaedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Lessons (Editin)|Hou tae edit a page]] an [[Wikipedia:Lessons (Stairt an airticle)|Stairtin airticles]] – gang til the [[Wikipedia:Lessons|Wikipedie Lessons]]. * [[Wikipedia:Mercat Cross|Mercat Cross]] – tae caw the crack anent the technical wirkins here * [[Wikipedia:Spellin an grammar]] – gin yer interestit in writin airticles Bi gaun throu the [[Wikipedia:Commonty Yett|Commontie Yett]] ye'll can find aw kynd o wittins adae wi uisin an eikin til the Wikipedie. For tae hae a sey shottie, veesit oor [[Wikipedia:Saundpit|Saundpit]]. '''Dinna haud yer wheesht, haud yer ain!'''<!--Template:Walcome--> [[Uiser:Mr.Murdoch78|Mr.Murdoch78]] ([[Uiser collogue:Mr.Murdoch78|tauk]]) 09:09, 18 Juin 2026 (UTC) 8b2lymcd2j9qpirbyi7zzvfpmop3gyl