Wikipedia scowiki https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.7 first-letter Media Special Collogue Uiser Uiser collogue Wikipedia Wikipedia collogue File File collogue MediaWiki MediaWiki collogue Template Template collogue Help Help collogue Category Category collogue Portal Portal talk Define Define talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1563 918365 916585 2026-06-19T19:47:13Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918365 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots|date=December 2020}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Lunnon | image_skyline = London collage.jpg | imagesize = 270px | image_caption = Frae upper left: [[Ceety o Lunnon]], [[Tower Bridge]] an [[Lunnon Eye]], [[Palace o Wastmeenster]] | image_map = London (European Parliament constituency).svg | mapsize = 180px | map_caption = [[Greater Lunnon|Lunnon region]] in the Unitit Kinrick |settlement_type = | subdivision_type = [[Leet o sovereign states|Sovereign state]] | subdivision_name = [[Unitit Kinrick]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Kintras o the Unitit Kinrick|Kintra]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Ingland]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Regions o Ingland|Region]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Greater Lunnon|Lunnon]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Ceremonial coonties o Ingland|Ceremonial coonties]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Ceety o Lunnon|Ceety]] an [[Greater Lunnon]] | subdivision_type4 = [[Destricts o England|Destricts]] | subdivision_name4 = [[Ceety o Lunnon|Ceety]] an [[Lunnon burgh|32 burghs]] | seat_type = Heidquairters | seat = [[City Hall (Lunnon)|City Hall]] | leader_title = Regional authority | leader_name = [[Greater Lunnon Authority]] | leader_title1 = [[Regional assembly (Ingland)|Regional assembly]] | leader_name1 = [[Lunnon Assembly]] | leader_title2 = [[Mayor o Lunnon]] | leader_name2 = [[Sadiq Khan]] | leader_title3 = [[Pairlament o the Unitit Kinrick|UK Pairlament]]<br />*Lunnon&nbsp;Assembly<br />*[[European Pairlament]] | leader_name3 = [[Leet o Pairlamentary constituencies in Lunnon|74 constituencies]]<br />[[Lunnon Assembly constituencies|14 constituencies]]<br />[[Lunnon (European Parliament constituency)|Lunnon constituency]] | established_title = Settled bi [[Roman Empire|Romans]] | established_date = as [[Roman Lunnon|Londinium]], c. 43 AD | aurie_magnitude = | aurie_total_sq_mi = 607 | population_as_of = | population_footnotes =<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/mro/news-release/census-result-shows-increase-in-population-of-london-as-it-tops-8-million/censuslondonnr0712.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-12-18 |archive-date=2015-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019123117/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/mro/news-release/census-result-shows-increase-in-population-of-london-as-it-tops-8-million/censuslondonnr0712.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | total_type = Lunnon | population_as_o = 2015 | population_footnotes = <ref name=gla-pop-2015>{{cite web|title=Population Growth in London, 1939–2015|url=http://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/population-change-1939-2015/resource/0a026346-960e-49e6-b968-a386d2cfe55f|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219160246/http://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/population-change-1939-2015/resource/0a026346-960e-49e6-b968-a386d2cfe55f|archive-date=2015-02-19|website=London Datastore|publisher=Greater London Authority|accessdate=7 July 2015|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> | population_total = 8,630,000 | population_density_km2 = 5,490 | population_blank1_title = [[Greater Lunnon Biggit-up Area|Urban]] | population_blank1 = 9,787,426 | population_blank2_title = [[Lunnon metropolitan area|Metro]] | population_blank2 = 13,879,757 | population_demonym = Lunnoner {{Collapsible list | title = Ethnic groups | frame_style = border:none; padding: 0; <!--NOTICE: This will hide the borders and make rows closer (padding)--> | list_style = text-align:left;display:none; | 1 = '''59.8% [[White fowk|White]]''' | 2 = 44.9% [[White Breetish]] | 3 = 2.2% [[Erse migration tae Great Breetain|White Erse]] | 4 = 12.7% [[Ither White]] | 5 = &nbsp; | 6 = '''5% [[Mixed (Unitit Kinrick ethnicity category)|Mixed]]''' | 7 = 1.5% [[Mixed (Unitit Kinrick ethnicity category)#Mixed Black Caribbean an White|Black Caribbean & White]] | 8 = 0.8% [[Mixed (Unitit Kinrick ethnicity category)#Mixed Black Caribbean an White|Black African & White]] | 9 = 1.2% [[Mixed (Unitit Kinrick ethnicity category)#Mixed South Asian an White|Sooth Asie & White]] | 10 = 1.5% [[Mixed (Unitit Kinrick ethnicity category)|Ither mixed]] | 11 = &nbsp; | 12 = '''16.9% [[Breetish Asie|Sooth Asie]]''' | 13 = 6.6% [[Breetish Indie|Indie]] | 14 = 2.7% [[Breetish Pakistanis|Pakistani]] | 15 = 2.7% [[Breetish Bangladeshi|Bangladeshi]] | 16 = 4.9% [[Breetish Asiae|Ither Sooth Asie]] | 17 = &nbsp; | 18 = '''13.3% [[Black Breetish|Black]]''' | 19 = 7% [[Black Breetish|Black African]] | 20 = 4.2% [[Breetish African-Caribbean commonty|Black Caribbean]] | 21 = 2.1% [[Ither Black (Unitit Kinrick ethnicity category)|Ither Black]] | 22 = &nbsp; | 23 = '''4.9% [[East Asies in the Unitit Kinrick|East Asie]] [[Classification o ethnicity in the Unitit Kinrick|or Ither]]''' | 24 = 1.5% [[Breetish Cheenese|Chinese]] | 25 = 3.4% [[Classification o ethnicity in the Unitit Kinrick|Ither]] | archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5yo0HaAk7 |archivedate = 19 May 2011}} | timezone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = ±0 | timezone_DST = [[Bretish Simmer Time|BST]] | utc_offset_DST = +1 | coordinates = {{coord|51|30|26|N|0|7|39|W|region:GB|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes =<ref name = Elevation>{{Cite journal |url = http://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/03772.html |title = London, United Kingdom Forecast : Weather Underground (weather and elevation at Heathrow Airport) |publisher = The Weather Underground, Inc. |accessdate = 6 June 2008 |format = online |ref = harv |archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0HaAk7?url=http://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/03772.html |archivedate = 2011-05-19 |journal = |url-status = live }}</ref> | elevation_m = 24 | postcode_type = [[Postcodes in the Unitit Kinrick|Postcode areas]] | postcode = {{postcode|E}}, {{postcode|EC}}, {{postcode|N}}, {{postcode|NW}}, {{postcode|SE}}, {{postcode|SW}}, {{postcode|W}}, {{postcode|WC}}, {{postcode|BR}}, {{postcode|CM}}, {{postcode|CR}}, {{postcode|DA}}, {{postcode|EN}}, {{postcode|HA}}, {{postcode|IG}}, {{postcode|KT}}, {{postcode|RM}}, {{postcode|SM}}, {{postcode|TN}}, {{postcode|TW}}, {{postcode|UB}}, {{postcode|WD}} | aurie_code = [[Leet o telephone exchynges in Lunnon|020, 01322, 01689, 01708, 01737, 01895, 01923, 01959, 01992]] | wabsteid = [http://www.london.gov.uk/ london.gov.uk] }} '''Lunnon''' ({{IPA-sco|ˈlʌnən|}}; {{lang-en|London}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/london?showCookiePolicy=true|title=London|accessdate=23 September 2014|publisher=Collins Dictionary|date=n.d.}}</ref>, {{IPA-endia|ˈlʌndən|}}) is the caipital an maist populous ceety o [[Ingland]] an the [[Unitit Kinrick]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uk.html|title=The World Factbook|date=1 February 2014|work=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]|accessdate=23 February 2014|archive-date=2019-01-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107065049/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uk.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>. Staunin on the [[River Thames]], Lunnon haes been a major dounset for twa millennia, [[History o Lunnon|its history]] that gangs back tae its foundin bi the [[Roman Empire|Romans]], wha named it ''[[Londinium]]''.<ref name=Lunnon_001>{{cite web |url= http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/EventsExhibitions/Permanent/RomanLondon.htm |date= n.d. |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080622181424/http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/EventsExhibitions/Permanent/RomanLondon.htm |title= Roman London |publisher= [[Museum o Lunnon]] |archivedate= 2008-06-22 |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= live }}</ref> Lunnon's auncient core, the [[Ceety o Lunnon]], lairgely retains its {{convert|1.12|sqmi|adj=on}} [[Middle Ages|medieval]] boundaries an in 2011 haed a resident population o 7,375, makin it the smawest [[Ceety status in the Unitit Kinrick|ceety]] in Ingland. Syne the 19t century or mair, the term ''Lunnon'' haes referred tae the metropolis developed aroond this core an aa.<ref name="mills_140">{{Harvnb|Mills|2001|p=140}}</ref> The bulk o this [[conurbation]] forms the [[Greater Lunnon]] [[Metropolitan an non-metropolitan coonties o Ingland|admeenistrative area]] (coterminous wi the Lunnon [[regions o England|region]]),<ref name="region">{{cite web|url=http://www.gos.gov.uk/gol/factgol/London/?a=42496|title=Government Offices for the English Regions, Fact Files: London|publisher=Office for National Statistics|accessdate=4 May 2008|archive-date=2008-01-24|archive-url=https://archive.today/20080124102915/http://www.gos.gov.uk/gol/factgol/London/?a=42496|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref><ref name="elcock">{{Cite book |last= Elcock |first=Howard |title=Local Government: Policy and Management in Local Authorities |url= https://archive.org/details/localgovernmentp0000elco |publisher=Routledge |location= Lunnon |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-415-10167-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/localgovernmentp0000elco/page/n368 368]|ref=harv}}</ref><ref group="note">See an aa: [[Independent ceety#National capitals|Independent ceety § National capitals]].</ref> govrened bi the [[Mayor o Lunnon]] an the [[Lunnon Assembly]].<ref name="politics_uk">{{Cite book |last=Jones |first=Bill |author2=Kavanagh, Dennis|author3=Moran, Michael|author4=Norton, Philip |title=Politics UK |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsuk0000unse |publisher=Pearson Education |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-4058-2411-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/politicsuk0000unse/page/868 868] |ref=harv |location=Harlow}}</ref><ref group="note">The Lunnon Mayor isnae tae be confused wi the [[Lord Mayor o Lunnon]] wha heids the [[City o Lunnon Corporation]], that administers the ceety o Lunnon.</ref> Lunnon is a leadin [[global ceety]],<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/shortcuts/2013/mar/10/london-capital-of-world-divorce-breakfast |title= London: the everything capital of the world |work=[[The Guardian]] |author= Adewunmi, Bim |date=10 March 2013 |location =Lunnon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://moreintelligentlife.co.uk/content/ideas/john-parker/what-capital-world?page=full |title= What's The Capital Of The World? |publisher= More Intelligent Life |accessdate= 4 July 2013 |archive-date= 2013-09-22 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130922132807/http://moreintelligentlife.co.uk/content/ideas/john-parker/what-capital-world?page=full |url-status= dead }}</ref> wi strenths in the arts, commerce, eddication, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research an development, tourism, an transport aw contributing tae its prominence.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.forbes.com/pictures/edgl45ghmd/no-1-london |title= The World's Most Influential Cities 2014 |accessdate= 2 March 2015 |publisher= Forbes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.mori-m-foundation.or.jp/gpci/index_e.html |title= Global Power City Index 2014 |accessdate= 2 March 2015 |publisher= Institute for Urban Strategies&nbsp;– The Mori Memorial Foundation}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/london-is-the-most-desirable-city-in-the-world-to-work-in-study-finds-9779868.html |title= London is 'the most desirable city in the world tae work in', study finds |accessdate= 2 March 2015 |publisher= The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.londonandpartners.com/media-centre/press-releases/2014/20141218london-leads-the-uk-for-worldclass-research |title= London leads the UK for world-class research |accessdate= 2 March 2015 |publisher= Lunnon & Partners |archive-date= 2019-04-01 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190401181841/https://www.londonandpartners.com/media-centre/press-releases/2014/20141218london-leads-the-uk-for-worldclass-research |url-status= dead }}</ref> It is ane o the warld's leadin [[financial centre]]s<ref name="Mastercard">{{cite web |url= http://www.mastercard.com/us/company/en/insights/pdfs/2008/MCWW_WCoC-Report_2008.pdf |title= Worldwide Centres of Commerce Index 2008 |publisher=Mastercard}}</ref><ref name="Global Financial Centres 10">{{cite web |url=http://zyen.com/PDF/GFCI%2010.pdf |title=Global Financial Centres 9 |publisher=[[Z/Yen]] |year=2011 |access-date=2015-06-04 |archive-date=2011-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008222617/http://zyen.com/PDF/GFCI%2010.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="forbes.com">{{cite news |url= http://www.forbes.com/2008/07/15/economic-growth-gdp-biz-cx_jz_0715powercities.html |title= World's Most Economically Powerful Cities |work= Forbes |location= New York |date= 15 July 2008 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0LhcwS?url=http://www.forbes.com/2008/07/15/economic-growth-gdp-biz-cx_jz_0715powercities.html |archivedate= 2011-05-19 |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= live }}</ref> an haes the [[Leet o ceeties by GDP|fift-or saxt-lairgest metropolitan area GDP in the warld]] dependin on measurement.<ref group="note">Rankings o ceeties by metropolitan area GDP can vary as a result o differences in the definition o the boundaries an population sizes o the areas compared, exchange rate fluctuations an the method uised tae calculate throu-pit. Lunnon an [[Paris]] are o about similar size in terms o total economic throu-pit that can result in third party sources varyin as tae whit ane o thaim is defined as haein the fifth- an sixth-lairgest ceety GDP in the warld. A report by the McKinsey Global Institute published in 2012 estimatit that Lunnon had a ceety GDP o US$751.8 billion in 2010, compared tae US$764.2 billion for Paris, makkin thaim respectively the saxt- an fift-mucklemaist in the warld. A report by PricewaterhouseCoopers published in November 2009 estimatit that Lunnon haed a ceety GDP measured in purchasing power parity o US$565 billion in 2008, compared tae US$564 billion for Paris, makkin thaim respectively the fift- an saxt-mucklemaist in the warld. The McKinsey Global Institute study uised a metropolitan area wi a population o 14.9 million for Lunnon compared tae 11.8 million for Paris, while the PricewaterhouseCoopers study uised a metropolitan area wi a population o 8.59 million for Lunnon compared tae 9.92 million for Paris.</ref><ref name=forpolgdp>{{cite news |url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/08/13/the_most_dynamic_cities_of_2025 |title=The Most Dynamic Cities of 2025 |accessdate=28 September 2012 |work=Foreign Policy |date=September–October 2012 |archive-date=2012-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104144609/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/08/13/the_most_dynamic_cities_of_2025 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Global ceety GDP rankings 2008-2025">{{cite web |url=http://www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/Media-Library/Global-city-GDP-rankings-2008-2025-61a.aspx |title=Global city GDP rankings 2008–2025 |publisher=PricewaterhouseCoopers |accessdate=16 November 2010 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0M2ast?url=http://www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/Media-Library/Global-city-GDP-rankings-2008-2025-61a.aspx |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lunnon is a warld cultural caipital.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/london-capital-of-the-world-766661.html |location=Lunnon |work=The Independent |first=Simon |last=Calder |date=22 December 2007 |title=London, capital of the world}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/news/article-23389580-london-is-the-world-capital-of-the-21st-century-says-new-york.do |author= Teodorczuk, Tom |title= London is the world capital of the 21st century&nbsp;... says New York |work= Lunnon Evening Standard |date= 20 March 2007 |access-date= 2015-06-04 |archive-date= 2009-11-25 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091125151618/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/news/article-23389580-london-is-the-world-capital-of-the-21st-century-says-new-york.do |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www2.lse.ac.uk/newsAndMedia/news/archives/2008/culturecapital.aspx |title=London is world capital of culture says LSE expert |publisher=Lunnon School o Economics |date=11 March 2008 |access-date=2015-06-04 |archive-date=2011-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118132607/http://www2.lse.ac.uk/newsAndMedia/news/archives/2008/culturecapital.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london.gov.uk/get-involved/consultations/current-consultations/cultural-strategy |title=Cultural Strategy |publisher=Greater Lunnon Authority |date=6 September 2010 |accessdate=10 February 2012 |archive-date=2012-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209210256/http://www.london.gov.uk/get-involved/consultations/current-consultations/cultural-strategy |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is the warld's maist-visitit ceety as measured by international arrivals<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/london-tops-ranking-of-destination-cities-2291794.html |title= London tops ranking of destination cities |accessdate=12 June 2012 |newspaper =The Independent |location =Lunnon |date=1 June 2011}}</ref> an haes the [[World's busiest ceety airport systems by passenger traffic|warld's lairgest ceety airport system]] measured bi passenger traffic.<ref name=capa1>{{cite web |url= http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/beijing-to-overtake-london-as-worlds-largest-aviation-hub-massive-new-airport-planned-58776 |title= Beijing tae overtake london as world's largest aviation hub |accessdate=12 June 2012 |publisher=Centre for Aviation}}</ref> Lunnon's 43 varsities form the lairgest concentration o higher education institutes in Europe.<ref name="Lunnon2">{{cite press release |date=20 August 2008 |url=http://www.london.gov.uk/media/press_releases_mayoral/number-international-students-london-continues-grow |title=Number of international students in London continues tae grow |publisher=Greater Lunnon Authority |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0OvJq8?url=http://www.london.gov.uk/media/press_releases_mayoral/number-international-students-london-continues-grow |archivedate=2011-05-19 |access-date=2015-06-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In [[2012 Simmer Olympics|2012]], Lunnon became the first ceety tae host the modren [[Simmer Olympic Gemmes]] three times.<ref name=IOC>{{cite web |url= http://www.olympic.org/media?calendartab=1&articleid=52922 |title=IOC elects London as the Host City of the Games of the XXX Olympiad in 2012 |date=6 July 2005 |publisher=[[International Olympic Committee]] |accessdate=3 June 2006}}</ref> Lunnon haes a diverse range o fowk an culturs, an mair nor 300 leids is spoken wiin Greater Lunnon.<ref name=Lunnon_006>{{cite web |url= http://www.cilt.org.uk/faqs/langspoken.htm |title= Languages spoken in the UK population |publisher= National Centre for Language |accessdate= 6 June 2008 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0PFX8H?url=http://www.cilt.org.uk/faqs/langspoken.htm |archivedate= 2011-05-19 |url-status= dead }}</ref> The [[Greater Lunnon Authority]] estimatit its population tae be 8.63 million in 2015,<ref name=gla-pop-2015/> the lairgest o ony [[lairgest ceeties o the European Union by population wiin ceety limits|municipality in the European Union]],<ref name="lairgest_city_eu">{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=384 |title=Largest EU City. Over 7&nbsp;million residents in 2001 |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=28 June 2008 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5Qd8V9JhM?url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=384 |archivedate=2007-07-26 |url-status=live }}</ref> an accoonting for 12.5 percent o the UK population.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://data.london.gov.uk/datastore/applications/focus-london-population-and-migration |title=Focus on London&nbsp;– Population and Migration &#124; London DataStore |publisher=Greater Lunnon Authority |accessdate=10 February 2012 |archive-date=2010-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101016225915/http://data.london.gov.uk/datastore/applications/focus-london-population-and-migration |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Greater Lunnon Urban area|Lunnon's urban area]] is the seicont [[lairgest urban areas o the European Union|maist populous in the EU]], efter [[Paris]], wi 9,787,426 indwallers accordin tae the 2011 census.<ref name="urbanpopulation">{{cite web | url=http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/articles/747.aspx|title=2011 Census – Built-up areas| publisher=[[Office for National Statistics|ONS]] | accessdate=29 June 2013}}</ref> The [[Lunnon metropolitan area|ceety's metropolitan area]] is the ane o the [[Leet o metropolitan areas in Europe|maist populous in Europe]] wi 13,614,409 indwallers,{{refn|According tae the [[Eurostat|European Statistical Agency]], Lunnon has the lairgest [[lairger Urban Zones|lairger Urban Zone]] that uises [[conurbation]]s an areas o heich population as its definition. A [[lairgest ceeties o the European Union by population wiin ceety limits|ranking o population]] wiin municipal boundaries places Lunnon first. Houaniver, the [[University o Avignon]] in France claims that Paris is first an Lunnon second whan includin the hale urban areaan [[hinterland]], that is the [[lairgest urban areas o the European Union|outlying ceeties as well]].|group=note}}<ref name="appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu show">{{cite web |url= http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=met_pjanaggr3&lang=en |title= Metropolitan Area Populations |publisher=Eurostat |date=30 August 2012 |accessdate=4 May 2013}}</ref> while the [[Greater Lunnon Authority]] pits the population o Lunnon metropolitan region at 21 million.<ref>[http://www.london.gov.uk/thelondonplan/introduction/positioning.jsp The London Plan – Introduction – Positioning London] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407025007/http://www.london.gov.uk/thelondonplan/introduction/positioning.jsp |date=2014-04-07 }}. Greater Lunnon Authority. Retrieved 12 July 2013.</ref> Lunnon wis the [[warld's lairgest ceeties|warld's maist populous ceety]] frae aroond 1831 tae 1925.<ref name=Lunnon_030>{{cite web |url=http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/i-m/london4.html |title=London: The greatest city |publisher=Channel 4 |accessdate=12 October 2008 |ref=harv |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0g3KOn?url=http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/i-m/london4.html |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> Lunnon conteens fower [[Warld Heritage Steid]]s: the [[Touer o Lunnon]]; [[Kew Gardens]]; the site comprisin the [[Pailace o Wastmeenster]], [[Westminster Abbey]], an [[St Margaret's, Westminster|St Margaret's Kirk]]; an the historic dounset o [[Greenwich]] (in whilk the [[Royal Observatory, Greenwich]] marks the [[Prime Meridian]], 0° [[langitude]], an [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]).<ref name=Lunnon_005>{{cite web |url= http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/gb|title=Lists: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=26 November 2008}}</ref> Ither famous laundmerks include [[Buckingham Palace]], the [[Lunnon Ee]], [[Piccadilly Circus]], [[St Paul's Cathedral]], [[Tower Bridge]], [[Trafalgar squerr]], an [[The Shard]]. Lunnon is home tae numerous [[Leet o museums in Lunnon|museums]], galleries, libraries, [[Sport in Lunnon|sporting events]] an ither cultural institutions, includin the [[British Museum]], [[National Gallery]], [[Tate Modern]], [[British Library]] an 40 [[West End theatre|West End]] theatres.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.whatsonstage.com/index.php?pg=207&story=E8821201275286&title=West+End+Must+Innovate+to+Renovate%2C+Says+Report |title=West End Must Innovate tae Renovate, Says Report |accessdate=15 November 2010 |work=What's On Stage |date=25 January 2008 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0S4x3M?url=http://www.whatsonstage.com/index.php?pg=207 |archivedate=2011-05-19 |location=Lunnon |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Lunnon Unnergrund]] is the auldest unnerground railway network in the warld.<ref name=Metro150>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-20641351 |title=Oyster card celebrates 150th Tube anniversary |work=BBC News |date=10 December 2012 |accessdate=10 January 2013}}</ref><ref name="railwaygazette.com">{{cite news |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/10/shanghai-now-the-worlds-longest-metro.html |title=Shanghai now the world's longest metro |date=4 May 2010 |work=[[Railway Gazette International]] |accessdate=4 May 2010 |location=Lunnon |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0Tj3yO?url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/10/shanghai-now-the-worlds-longest-metro.html |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> == History == ===Toponymy=== [[File:London Thames Sunset panorama - Feb 2008.jpg|thumb|300px|The name ''Lunnon'' mey derive frae the [[River Thames]]]] The [[etymology o Lunnon|etymology o ''Lunnon'']] is uncertain.<ref name="mills_139">{{Harvnb|Mills|2001|p=139}}</ref> It is an auncient name, foond in soorces frae the 2nt century. It is recorded c. 121 as ''[[Londinium]]'', that pynts tae [[Romano-British]] origin.<ref name="mills_139"/> The earliest attemptit explanation, nou disregarded, is attributit tae [[Geoffrey o Monmouth]] in ''[[Historia Regum Britanniae]]''.<ref name="mills_139"/> This haed it that the name originatit frae a supposed [[Lud son o Heli|Keeng Lud]], wha haed allegedly takken ower the ceety an named it ''Kaerlud''.<ref name=Lunnon_009>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/02/books/chapters/02-1st-ackro.html?ex=1225339200&en=b9c2c11ad6e1f435&ei=5070&pagewanted=3|title=London|last=Ackroyd|first=Peter|work=The New York Times |accessdate=28 October 2008 | date=2 December 2001|isbn=978-0-7011-7279-4}}</ref> Frae 1898, it wis commonly acceptit that the name wis o [[Celts|Celtic]] origin an meant ''place belangin tae a man cawed *Londinos''; this explication haes syne been rejeckit.<ref name="mills_139"/> [[Richard Coates]] pit forrit an explication in 1998 that it is derived frae the pre-Celtic [[Auld European hydronymy|Auld European]] ''*(p)lowonida'', meanin 'burn ower wide for tae ford', an suggestit that this wis a name gien tae the pairt o the [[River Thames]] that rins throu Lunnon; frae this, the dounset gained the Celtic form o its name, ''*Lowonidonjon'';<ref name=coates>{{Cite journal|last=Coates|first=Richard|year=1998|title=A new explanation of the name of London|journal=Transactions o the Philological Society|volume=96|issue=2|pages=203–229|url=http://www.doi.org/10.1111/1467-968X.00027|doi=10.1111/1467-968X.00027|ref=harv|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0UqnAy?url=http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1467-968X.00027|archivedate=2011-05-19|access-date=2019-10-24|url-status=live}}</ref> this requires quite a serious amendment houiver. The ultimate difficulty lies in reconciling the Latin form ''Londinium'' wi the modren Welsh ''Llundain'', that should demand a form ''*(h)lōndinion'' (as opposed tae *londīnion), frae earlier ''*loundiniom''. The possibility canna be ruled oot that the Welsh name wis borrowed back in frae Inglis at a later date, an for that raison canna be uised as a basis frae that tae reconstruct the oreeginal name. Til 1889, the name "Lunnon" offeecially anerly applee'd tae the [[Ceety o Lunnon]] but syne then it haes referred tae the [[Coonty o Lunnon]], an nou [[Greater Lunnon]] an aa.<ref name="mills_140"/> ===Prehistory=== Twa recent discoveries indicate probable vera auld settlements near the Thames in the Lunnon area. In 1999, the remains o a [[Bronze Age]] bridge war foond on the foreshore north o [[Vauxhall Bridge]].<ref name="Denison">{{cite journal|last=Denison|first=Simon|title=First 'London Bridge' in River Thames at Vauxhall|journal=British Archaeology|date=July 1999|issue=46|url=http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba46/ba46news.html|accessdate=15 April 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0WdLQ0?url=http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba46/ba46news.html|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> This brig aither gaed athort the Thames, or gaed tae a nou lost island in the burn. Dendrology datit the timbers tae 1500 BC.<ref name="Denison"/> In 2010 the foundations o a lairge timmer structur, datit tae 4500 BC, war foond on the Thames foreshore, sooth o Vauxhall Bridge.<ref name="Milne">{{cite web|last=Milne|first=Gustav|title=London's Oldest Foreshore Structure!|url=http://www.thamesdiscovery.org/frog-blog/london-s-oldest-find-discovered-at-vauxhall|work=Frog Blog|publisher=Thames Discovery Programme|accessdate=15 April 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0WtZpl?url=http://www.thamesdiscovery.org/frog-blog/london-s-oldest-find-discovered-at-vauxhall|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> The function o the mesolithic structur is nae kent. Baith structures are on South Bank, at a naitural crossin pynt whaur the [[River Effra]] flows intae the River Thames.<ref name="Milne"/> ===Roman Lunnon=== [[File:Map of London, 1300.svg|thumb|In 1300, the [[Ceety o Lunnon|Ceety]] wis still confined wiin the [[Lunnon Waw|Roman walls]].]] Tho thare is evidence o scattered [[Britons (historical)|Brythonic]] settlements in the area, the first major dounset wis foondit bi the [[Roman Empire|Romans]] efter the invasion o 43&nbsp;AD.<ref name="roman">{{Cite book |title=Roman London |last=Perring |first=Dominic |year=1991 |publisher=Routledge |location=Lunnon |isbn=978-0-203-23133-3|page=1 |ref=harv }}</ref> This anerly lastit til aroond 61, whan the [[Iceni]] tribe led bi [[Boudica|Queen Boudica]] stormed it, burning it tae the grund.<ref name=Lunnon_010>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/romanbritain_timeline_noflash.shtml|title=British History Timeline&nbsp;—Roman Britain|publisher=BBC|accessdate=7 June 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0V1GXn?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/romanbritain_timeline_noflash.shtml|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> The next, heivy planned, incarnation o Londinium prospered an superseded [[Colchester]] as the caipital o the [[Roman Britain|Roman province]] o [[Britannia]] in 100. At its hicht in the 2nt century, Roman Lunnon haed a population o aroond 60,000. ===Anglo-Saxon Lunnon (an Viking period)=== Wi the collapse o Roman rule in the early 5t century, Lunnon ceased tae be a caipital an the walled ceety o Londinium wis effectively abandoned, awtho Roman civilisation continued in the [[St Martin-in-the-Fields]] area until aroond 450.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/EventsExhibitions/Past/MissingLink/Themes/TML_themes_Londinium.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108092449/http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/EventsExhibitions/Past/MissingLink/Themes/TML_themes_Londinium.htm|archivedate=2009-01-08|publisher=Museum o Lunnon|title=The last days of Londinium|accessdate=31 March 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> Frae aroond 500, an [[Anglo-Saxon]] dounset kent as [[Anglo-Saxon Lunnon|Lundenwic]] developed in the same area, slichtly tae the wast o the auld Roman ceety.<ref name=Lunnon_011>{{cite web |url= http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/EventsExhibitions/Past/MissingLink/Themes/TML_themes_Lundenwic.htm |title= The early years of Lundenwic |publisher= The [[Museum o Lunnon]] |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080610043903/http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/EventsExhibitions/Past/MissingLink/Themes/TML_themes_Lundenwic.htm |archivedate= 2008-06-10 |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= live }}</ref> By aboot 680, it haed revived sufficiently tae become a major port, awtho thare is little evidence o lairge-scale production o goods. Frae the 820s the toun declined acause o repeatit [[Viking]] invasions. Thare three recordit Viking assaults on Lunnon; twa o whilk wis wun tae in 851 an 886 AD, tho thay war defeatit in the attack o 994 AD.<ref name="Viking Attacks">{{cite web|url=https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/viking_attacklist.html?showall=1|title=Viking Attacks|publisher=web.cn.edu/kwheeler/|accessdate=24 August 2014}}</ref> [[File:Siege of London (MS 1168).jpg|thumb|upright|The [[Hoose o Lancaster|Lancastrian]] siege o Lunnon in 1471 is attacked by a [[Hoose o York|Yorkist]] sally.]] The Vikings established [[Denlaw]] ower a fair feck o the eastren an northren pairt o Ingland wi its mairch gaun frae aboot Lunnon tae [[Chester]]. It wis an area o political an geographical control imposed bi the Viking incursions that wis formally agreed tae bi the [[Dens fowk|Dens]] [[warlord]], [[Guthrum]] an wast-[[Saxon]] [[keeng]], [[Alfred the Great]] in 886 AD. Denlaw lastit in mony pairts o Ingland for centuries tae come. The ''[[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle]]'' recordit that Lunnon wis "refounded" by [[Alfred the Great]] in 886. Archaeological research shows that this involved abandonment o Lundenwic an a revival o life an tred wiin the auld Roman walls. Lunnon then grew slowly until aboot 950, efter whilk activity increased dramatically.<ref name="blackwell">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Vince|first= Alan|year=2001|title=London|encyclopedia=The Blackwell Encyclopedia o Anglo-Saxon England |publisher= Blackwell |isbn=978-0-631-22492-1}}</ref> Bi the 11t century, Lunnon wis ayont aw comparison the lairgest toun in Ingland. [[Wastmeenster Abbey]], rebiggit in the [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] style by King [[Edward the Confessor]], wis ane o the grandest kirks in Europe. [[Winchester]] haed aforehaun been the caipital o Anglo-Saxon Ingland, but frae this time on, Lunnon becam the main forum for furren traders an the base for defence in time o war. In the view o [[Frank Stenton]]: "It had the resources, an it was rapidly developing the dignity an the political self-consciousness appropriate tae a national capital."<ref>{{cite book|authorlink=Frank Stenton|last=Stenton|first= Frank|year=1971|title=Anglo-Saxon England|url=https://archive.org/details/anglosaxonenglan0000sten|pages=[https://archive.org/details/anglosaxonenglan0000sten/page/538 538]–539|publisher= Oxford University Press|edition=3rd|isbn=978-0-19-280139-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Blair |first= John |year=2001|title=Westminster|encyclopedia=The Blackwell Encyclopedia o Anglo-Saxon England|publisher= Blackwell |isbn=978-0-631-22492-1}}</ref> ===Middle Ages=== [[File:Westminster Abbey by Canaletto, 1749.jpg|thumb|left|[[Wastmeenster Abbey]], as seen in this pentin (Canaletto, 1749), is a [[World Heritage Site]] an ane o Lunnon's auldest an maist important biggins]] Follaein his victory in the [[Battle o Hastings]], [[William the Conqueror|William, Duke o Normandy]], wis crowned [[Keeng o Ingland]] in the newly finished Wastmeenster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066.<ref name=Lunnon_015>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/normans/1066_06.shtml|title=History&nbsp;– 1066&nbsp;– King William|publisher=BBC|accessdate=5 May 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0Yen4R?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/normans/1066_06.shtml|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> William biggit the [[Touer o Lunnon]], the first o the mony Norman castles in Ingland tae be rebuilt in stone, in the sootheastren corner o the ceety, tae intimidate the native indwallers.<ref name=Lunnon_016>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/architecture_02.shtml|title=A History of British Architecture&nbsp;— White Tower|last=Tinniswood|first=Adrian|authorlink=Adrian Tinniswood|publisher=BBC|accessdate=5 May 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0ZWxtH?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/architecture_02.shtml|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1097, [[William II o Ingland|William II]] began the biggin o [[Wastmeenster Hall]], close bi the abbey o the same name. The hall becam the basis o a new [[Pailace o Wastmeenster]].<ref name=Lunnon_017>{{cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/about/history/building.cfm|title=UK Parliament&nbsp;— Parliament: The building|date=9 November 2007|publisher=UK Parliament|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080311032051/http://www.parliament.uk/about/history/building.cfm|archivedate=2008-03-11|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_018>{{cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/parliament/guide/palace.htm|title=Palace of Westminster|publisher=UK Parliament|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080404171249/http://www.parliament.uk/parliament/guide/palace.htm|archivedate=2008-04-04|url-status=live}}</ref> During the 12t century, the institutions o central government, whilk haed hitherto accompanied the ryal Inglis court as it moved aroond the kintra, grew in size an sophistication an becam increasingly fixed in ane place. In maist cases this wis Wastmeenster, awtho the ryal treasury, haein been moved frae Winchester, came tae rest in the Tower. While the [[Ceety o Wastmeenster]] developed intae a true caipital in governmental terms, its distinct neighbour, the ceety o Lunnon, remained Ingland's lairgest ceety an principal commercial centre, an it flourished unner its ain unique admeenistration, the [[Ceety o Lunnonn Corporation|Corporation o Lunnon]]. In 1100, its population wis aroond 18,000; by 1300 it haed grown tae nearly 100,000.<ref name=Lunnon_019>{{Cite book|last=Schofield|first=John|last2=Vince|first2=Alan|author2-link=Alan Vince|title=Medieval Towns: The Archaeology of British Towns in Their European Setting|publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group|year=2003|isbn=978-0-8264-6002-8|url=http://books.google.com/?id=Qu7QLC7g7VgC&pg=PA26&lpg=PA26&dq=london+population+1100+-+1300|page=26|ref=harv}}</ref> Disaster struck during the [[Black Death]] in the mid-14t century, when Lunnon lost nearly a third o its population.<ref>{{Cite journal |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/black_01.shtml |title=Black Death |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0ZmE6P?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/black_01.shtml |archivedate=2011-05-19 |publisher=BBC History |accessdate=3 November 2008 |ref=harv |journal= |url-status=live }}</ref> Lunnon wis the focus o the [[Peasants' Revolt]] in 1381.<ref name=Lunnon_020>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/richard_ii_king.shtml|title=Richard II (1367–1400)|publisher=BBC|accessdate=12 October 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0aYnXz?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/richard_ii_king.shtml|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Air modren=== [[File:Great Fire London.jpg|thumb|The [[Great Fire o Lunnon]] destroyed mony pairts o the ceety in 1666.]] [[File:London - John Norden's map of 1593.jpg|thumb|Cairt o Lunnon in 1593. Thare is anly ane bridge athort the Thames, but pairts o Southwark on the sooth bank o the river hae been developed.]] During the [[Tudor period]] the [[Inglis Reformation|Reformation]] produced a gradual shift tae Protestantism, wi much o Lunnon passin frae kirk tae private ainership.<ref name=pevsner>[[Nikolaus Pevsner|Pevsner, Nikolaus]]. ''Lunnon I: The ceeties o Lunnon an Westminster'' rev. edition, 1962. Introduction p. 48.</ref> The traffic in [[woollen]] cloths shipped undyed an undressed frae Lunnon tae the nearby shores o the [[Law Kintras]] whaur it wis considered indispensable.<ref>J. G. Pounds (1976). "An Historical Geography o Europe 450 B.C.-A.D. 1330, Part 1330". p. 430. CUP Archive,</ref> But the tentacles o English maritime enterprise hardly extendit beyond the seas o north-wast Europe. The commercial route tae [[Italy]] an the [[Mediterranean Sea]] normally lay throu [[Antwerp]] an ower the [[Alps]]; ony ships passing throu the [[Strait o Gibraltar]] tae or frae England war likely tae be Italian or [[Dubrovnik|Ragusan]]. Upon the re-openin o the [[Netherlands]] tae English shipping in Januar 1565 thare at ance ensued a strang outburst o commercial activity.<ref>Ramsay, George Daniel (1986). The Queen's Merchants an the Revolt o the Netherlands: The End o the Antwerp Mart. Volume 2, pp. 1 an 62–63. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-1849-7</ref> The [[Royal Exchange, Lunnon|Royal Exchange]] wis foondit.<ref>The life an times o Sir Thomas Gresham, founner o the Royal Exchange: including notices o many o his contemporaries. wi illustrations, Volume 2, pages&nbsp;80–81, John William Burgon, E. Wilson, 1839.</ref> [[Mercantilism]] grew an monopoly trading companies sic as the [[East Indie Company]] war established, wi tred expanding tae the [[New World]]. Lunnon becam the principal [[North Sea]] port, wi migrants arrivin frae England an abroad. The population rose frae an estimatit 50,000 in 1530 tae aboot 225,000 in 1605.<ref name=pevsner/> In the 16t century, [[William Shakespeare]] an his contemporaries lived in Lunnon at a time o hostility tae the development o the [[Elizabethan theatre|theatre]]. By the end o the Tudor period in 1603, Lunnon wis still vera compact. Thare wis an assassination attempt on [[James I o England|James I]] in Westminster, throu the [[Gunpowder Plot]] on 5 November 1605.<ref name=Lunnon_023>{{Cite book |title=James I |url=https://archive.org/details/jamesi0000durs |last=Durston |first=Christopher|year=1993 |publisher=Routledge |location=Lunnon |isbn=978-0-415-07779-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/jamesi0000durs/page/59 59] |ref=harv }}</ref> Lunnon wis [[Bubonic plague|plagued]] by disease in the early 17t century,<ref name=Lunnon_024>{{cite web |url=http://urbanrim.org.uk/plague%20list.htm |title=A List of National Epidemics of Plague in England 1348–1665 |publisher=Urban Rim |date=4 December 2009 |accessdate=3 May 2010 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5gVUqcycW?url=http://urbanrim.org.uk/plague%20list.htm |archivedate=2009-05-04 |url-status=live }}</ref> culminatin in the [[Great Plague o Lunnon|Great Plague]] o 1665–1666, whilk killt up tae 100,000 bodies, or a fift o the population.<ref name=Lunnon_025>{{cite web |url= http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/plague/story.html |title= Story of the plague |publisher= Channel 4 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0bPVKk?url=http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/plague/story.html |archivedate= 2011-05-19 |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= live }}</ref> The [[Great Fire o Lunnon]] broke oot in 1666 in Pudding Lane in the ceety an quickly swept throu the widden biggins.<ref name="Samuel Pepys' Diary">{{Cite book | last = Pepys | first = Samuel | authorlink = Samuel Pepys | title = The Diary of Samuel Pepys | volume = 45: August/September 1666 | date = 2 September 1666 | origyear = 1893 | editor = [[Mynors Bright]] (decipherer) | editor2 = [[Henry B. Wheatley]] | url = http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/4167/pg4167.html | ref = harv | isbn = 978-0-520-22167-3 | archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0bzHYi?url=http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/4167/pg4167.html | archivedate = 2011-05-19 | access-date = 2015-06-04 | url-status = live }}</ref> Rebiggin teuk ower ten year an wis supervised by [[Robert Hooke]]<ref name=Lunnon_026>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/after_fire_02.shtml |title=London After the Great Fire: Civil War and Revolution |author=Schofield, John |date=17 February 2011 |publisher=BBC History |accessdate=4 July 2013 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0ckJxq?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/after_fire_02.shtml |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_027>{{cite web |url= http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/EventsExhibitions/Special/LondonsBurning/Themes/1405/ |title= Rebuilding after the fire |publisher= Museum o Lunnon |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080201204641/http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/EventsExhibitions/Special/LondonsBurning/Themes/1405/ |archivedate= 2008-02-01 |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_028>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=jX8ZAAAAIAAJ&q=rebuilding+of+london&dq=rebuilding+of+london|title=The Rebuilding of London After the Great Fire|publisher=Thomas Fiddian|year=1940|accessdate=27 April 2008}}</ref> as Surveyor o Lunnon.<ref name=Lunnon_029>The curious life o Robert Hooke, the man who measured Lunnon by Lisa Jardine</ref> In 1708 [[Christopher Wren]]'s masterpiece, [[St Paul's Cathedral]] wis completit. During the [[Georgian era]] new destricts sic as [[Mayfair]] war formed in the wast; an new brigs ower the Thames encouraged development in [[South Lunnon]]. In the east, the [[Port o Lunnon]] expanded downstream. In 1762, [[George III o Great Britain|George III]] acquired [[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]] an it wis enlairged ower the next 75 year. During the 18t century, Lunnon wis dogged by crime an the [[Bow Street Runners]] war established in 1750 as a professional police force.<ref>"[http://www.pbs.org/kqed/demonbarber/madding/thieftaker.html Thief Taker, Constable, Police]". Public Broadcasting Service (PBS).</ref> In tot, mair nor 200 offences war punishable by death,<ref>{{cite news |last=Jackson |first=Peter |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/8181192.stm |title=Rough justice&nbsp;– Victorian style |work=BBC News |date=3 August 2009 |accessdate=13 December 2011}}</ref> includin petty theft.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,894775,00.html |title=National Affairs: Capital punishment: a fading practice |work=Time |location=New York |date=21 March 1960 |accessdate=13 December 2011 |archive-date=2011-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011174652/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,894775,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Most childer born in the ceety died afore reakin thair third birthday.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/victorians/foundling_01.shtml |title=The Foundling Hospital |publisher=BBC History |date=17 February 2011 |accessdate=13 December 2011}}</ref> The [[coffeehouse]] became a popular place tae debate ideas, wi growin [[literacy]] an the development o the [[prentin press]] makkin news widely available; an [[Fleet Street]] became the centre o the British press. Accordin tae Samuel Johnson: {{quote|Ye cannae fin a man, at aw intellectual, wha is willin tae leave Lunnon. Naw, Sir, whan a man is fauchelt Lunnon, he is tired o life; for there in Lunnon aw that life can afford.|[[Samuel Johnson]], 1777<ref name=Lunnon_022>{{cite web |url= http://www.samueljohnson.com/tiredlon.html |title= When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life: Samuel Johnson |ref= harv |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20150522151652/http://www.samueljohnson.com/tiredlon.html |archivedate= 2015-05-22 |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= dead }}</ref>}} ===Late modren an contemporary=== [[File:British recruits August 1914 Q53234.jpg|thumb|British volunteer recruits in Lunnon, August 1914]] [[File:LondonBombedWWII full.jpg|thumb|A bombed-oot Lunnon street during [[the Blitz]] o the Seicont World War]] Lunnon wis the warld's [[Leet o lairgest ceeties throughout history|lairgest ceety frae aboot 1831 tae 1925]].<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web |url=http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/i-m/london4.html |title=London: The greatest city |publisher=Channel 4 |accessdate=12 October 2008 |ref=harv |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0g3KOn?url=http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/i-m/london4.html |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> Lunnon's overcrowded conditions led tae [[cholera]] epidemics,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/themes/publichealth/cholera.aspx |title=Hidden extras: cholera comes tae Victorian London |publisher=The Science Museum |location=Lunnon |accessdate=13 December 2011 |archive-date=2011-12-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213064834/http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/themes/publichealth/cholera.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> claimin 14,000 lifes in 1848, an 6,000 in 1866.<ref>{{cite web |author= Brown, Robert W. |url= http://www.uncp.edu/home/rwb/london_19c.html |title= London in the Nineteenth Century |publisher= University o North Carolina at Pembroke |accessdate= 13 December 2011 |archive-date= 2011-12-30 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111230164544/http://www.uncp.edu/home/rwb/london_19c.html |url-status= dead }}</ref> risin [[traffic congestion]] led tae the creation o the warld's first local urban rail network. The [[Metropolitan Board o Works]] oversaw infrastructure expansion in the caipital an some surroondin counties; it wis abolished in 1889 when the [[Lunnon County cooncil]] wis creatit oot o those areas o the counties surroondin the caipital. [[German strategic bombin during World War I|Lunnon wis bombed bi the Germans during the First World War]] while during the Seicont World War [[the Blitz]] an ither bombin bi the German ''[[Luftwaffe]]'' killed ower 30,000 Lunnoners an destroyed lairge tracts o housing an ither biggins athort the ceety. Immediately efter the war, the [[1948 Simmer Olympics]] war held at the oreeginal [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]], at a time when Lunnon haed barely recovered frae the war. In 1951, the [[Festeeval o Britain]] wis held on the [[Sooth Bank]]. The [[Great Smog]] o 1952 led tae the [[Clean Air Act 1956]], that endit the "[[pea soup fog]]s" for whilk Lunnon haed been notorious. Frae the 1940s onwart, Lunnon became hame tae numerous [[immigrants]], lairgely frae [[Commonweel o Nations|Commonweel]] countries lik [[Jamaica]], Indie, [[Bangladesh]] an [[Pakistan]], makkin Lunnon ane o the maist diverse ceeties in Europe. [[File:London Thames (1930).jpg|thumb|left|A view frae Victoria Touer, in late 1920s.]] Primarily stairtin in the mid-1960s, Lunnon becam a centre for the warldwide [[youth cultur]], exemplified bi the [[Swinging Lunnon]] subculture associatit wi the [[Keeng's Road]], [[Chelsea, Lunnon|Chelsea]] an [[Carnaby Street]]. The role o trendsetter wis revived in the [[punk rock|punk]] era. In 1965 Lunnon's political boundaries wis expandit tae tak intae accoont the growthe o the urban area an a new [[Greater Lunnon cooncil]] wis creatit. Throu [[The Troubles]] in Northren Ireland, Lunnon wis subjectit tae bombin attacks bi the [[Provisional IRA]]. Racial inequality wis hielichtit bi the [[1981 Brixton riot]]. Greater Lunnon's population declined steadily in the decades efter the Seicont World War, frae an estimatit peak o 8.6&nbsp;million in 1939 tae aroond 6.8&nbsp;million in the 1980s. The principal ports for Lunnon moved downstream tae [[Port o Felixstowe|Felixstowe]] an [[Port o Tilbury|Tilbury]], wi the [[Lunnon Docklands]] area becomin a focus for regeneration, includin the [[Canary Wharf]] development. This wis borne oot o Lunnon's ever-increasin role as a major international financial centre during the 1980s. The [[Thames Barrier]] wis completit in the 1980s tae pertect Lunnon against tidal surges frae the [[North Sea]]. The Greater Lunnon cooncil wis abolished in 1986, whilk left Lunnon as the anerly lairge metropolis in the warld wioot a central admeenistration. In 2000, Lunnon-wide govrenment wis restored, wi the creation o the [[Greater Lunnon Authority]]. tae celebrate the stairt o the 21st century, the [[Millennium Dome]], [[Lunnon Eye]] an [[Millennium Bridge (Lunnon)|Millennium Bridge]] war biggit. On 6 Julie 2005 Lunnon wis awairdit the [[2012 Simmer Olympics]], makkin Lunnon the first ceety tae stage the [[Olympic Gemmes]] three times.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/front_page/4655555.stm |title= London beats Paris tae 2012 Games |publisher=BBC Sport |date=6 July 2005 |accessdate=28 September 2012}}</ref> The naxt day (7 Julie 2005) Lunnon's tube network wis hit bi major bomb attacks. In Februar 2015, Greater Lunnon's population wis estimatit tae be 8.6 million, the heichest level syne 1939.<ref>{{cite web|title = London's population hits 8.6m record high|url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-31082941|website = BBC News|accessdate = 2015-05-21}}</ref> ==Government== {{Politics o Lunnon}} ===Local government=== {{Main|Local government in Lunnon|History o local government in Lunnon|Leet o heads o Lunnon government}} The admeenistration o Lunnon is formed o twa tiers—a ceety-wide, strategic tier an a local tier. ceety-wide admeenistration is coordinatit bi the [[Greater Lunnon Authority]] (GLA), while local admeenistration is carried oot by 33 smawer authorities.<ref name=Lunnon_032>{{cite web|url=http://www.london.gov.uk/gla/|title=About the Greater London Authority|publisher=Lunnon Government|accessdate=27 September 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0hYGdz?url=http://www.london.gov.uk/gla/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> The GLA consists o twa electit components; the [[Mayor o Lunnon]], wha haes executive powers, an the [[Lunnon Assembly]], whilk scrutinises the mayor's decisions an can accept or reject the mayor's budget proposals ilka year. The headquarters o the GLA is [[City Hall (Lunnon)|City Hall]], [[Southwark]]; the mayor is [[Sadiq Khan]]. The mayor's [[statutory planning]] strategy is published as the [[Lunnon Plan]], whilk daed it's maist recent revision in 2011.<ref name=Lunnon_plan>{{cite web|url=http://www.london.gov.uk/priorities/planning/londonplan|title=The London Plan|publisher=Greater Lunnon Authority|accessdate=25 May 2012|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/67vG4jMg5?url=http://www.london.gov.uk/priorities/planning/londonplan|archivedate=2012-05-25|url-status=live}}</ref> The local authorities are the cooncils o the 32 [[Lunnon borough]]s an the [[City o Lunnon Corporation]].<ref name=Lunnon_035>{{cite web|url=http://www.london.gov.uk/london/links.jsp|title=Links tae other websites&nbsp;— London boroughs|publisher=Lunnon Government|accessdate=27 September 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019055428/http://www.london.gov.uk/london/links.jsp|archivedate=2007-10-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> Thay are responsible for maist local services, sic as local planning, schuils, [[social work|social services]], local roads an refuse collection. Certaint functions, sic as [[Waste disposal authorities in Lunnon|waste management]], are providit throu jynt arrangements. In 2009–2010 the combined revenue expenditure by Lunnon cooncils an the GLA amountit tae juist ower £22 billion (£14.7 billion for the boroughs an £7.4 billion for the GLA).<ref>http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/statistics/pdf/1911067.pdf</ref> Policing in Greater Lunnon, except the [[City o Lunnon]], is providit bi the [[Metropolitan Police Service|Metropolitan Police Force]], overseen bi the Mayor throu the [[Mayor's Office for Policing an Crime]] (MOPAC).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.london.gov.uk/priorities/policing-crime/about-mopac |title= About MOPAC |publisher= Greater Lunnon Authority |accessdate= 4 May 2013 |archive-date= 2013-04-11 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130411075040/http://www.london.gov.uk/priorities/policing-crime/about-mopac |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://policeauthority.org/Metropolitan/ |title=MPA: Metropolitan Police Authority |publisher= Metropolitan Police Authority |date=22 May 2012 |accessdate=4 May 2013}}</ref> The ceety o Lunnon haes its ain police force&nbsp;– the [[City o Lunnon Police]].<ref name="Policing">{{cite web |url=http://www.london.gov.uk/gla/policing.jsp |title=Policing |publisher=Greater Lunnon Authority |accessdate=25 August 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080121173357/http://www.london.gov.uk/gla/policing.jsp |archivedate=2008-01-21 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[British Transport Police]] are responsible for police services on [[National Rail]] an [[Lunnon Unnergrund]] services.<ref name="BTP">{{cite web |url= http://www.btp.police.uk/about_us/areas.aspx |title= Areas |publisher= British Transport Police |accessdate= 25 August 2009 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0hdc31?url=http://www.btp.police.uk/about_us/areas.aspx |archivedate= 2011-05-19 |url-status= live }}</ref> The [[Lunnon Fire Brigade]] is the [[statute|statutory]] [[Fire service in the UK|fire an rescue service]] for Greater Lunnon. It is run bi the [[Lunnon Fire an Emergency Planning Authority]] an is the third lairgest fire service in the warld.<ref name="LFB">{{cite web |url=http://www.london-fire.gov.uk/WhoWeAre.asp |title=Who we are |publisher=Lunnon Fire Brigade |accessdate=25 August 2009 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0hzveR?url=http://www.london-fire.gov.uk/WhoWeAre.asp |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[National Health Service]] [[Emergency medical services|ambulance services]] are providit bi the [[Lunnon Ambulance Service|Lunnon Ambulance Service (LAS) NHS Trust]], the lairgest free-at-the-pynt-o-uise emergency ambulance service in the warld.<ref name="LAS">{{cite web |url= http://www.londonambulance.nhs.uk/about_us.aspx |title= About us |publisher= Lunnon Ambulance Service NHS Trust |accessdate= 25 August 2009 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0iCW89?url=http://www.londonambulance.nhs.uk/about_us.aspx |archivedate= 2011-05-19 |url-status= live }}</ref> The [[Lunnon Air Ambulance]] charity operates in conjunction wi the LAS whaur required. [[Her Majesty's Coastguard]] an the [[Royal National Lifeboat Institution]] operate on the [[River Thames]],<ref name="Coastguard">{{cite web |url= http://www.mcga.gov.uk/c4mca/mcga07-home/aboutus/mcga-online/mcga-sailing-cg66/dops_-_all-cg66-stationlist.htm |title= Station list |year= 2007 |publisher= Maritime an Coastguard Agency |accessdate= 25 August 2009 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0jzXE7?url=http://www.mcga.gov.uk/c4mca/mcga07-home/aboutus/mcga-online/mcga-sailing-cg66/dops_-_all-cg66-stationlist.htm |archivedate= 2011-05-19 |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name="Lifeboat">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1739401.stm |title=Thames lifeboat service launched |date=2 January 2002 |work=BBC News |accessdate=25 August 2009 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0kXnz9?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1739401.stm |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> whilk is unner the jurisdiction o the [[Port o Lunnon Authority]] frae [[Teddington Lock]] tae the sea.<ref name="portLunnonauthority">{{cite web |url=http://www.pla.co.uk/assets/Port_of_London_Act_1968__revised_.pdf |title=Port of London Act 1968 |accessdate=30 November 2013 |archive-date=2013-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005959/http://www.pla.co.uk/assets/Port_of_London_Act_1968__revised_.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===National government=== Lunnon is the seat o the [[Govrenment o the Unitit Kinrick]]. Mony govrenment departments are based close tae the [[Pailace o Wastmeenster]], parteecularly alang [[Whitehall]], includin the [[Prime Minister o the Unitit Kinrick|Prime Minister's]] residence at [[10 Downing Street]].<ref name=Lunnon_036>{{cite web |url= http://www.number10.gov.uk/output/Page1.asp |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080510193022/http://www.number10.gov.uk/output/Page1.asp |archivedate= 2008-05-10 |title= 10 Downing Street&nbsp;— Official Website |accessdate= 26 April 2008 |url-status= live }}</ref> The British Parliament is eften referred tae as the "Mother o Parliaments" (awtho this ''[[sobriquet]]'' wis first applied tae England itself by [[John Bright]])<ref name="Lunnon_037">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/talking_politics/96021.stm |publisher=BBC |accessdate=6 June 2008 |date=3 June 1998 |title=UK Politics: Talking Politics&nbsp;— The 'Mother of Parliaments' |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0l5vww?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/talking_politics/96021.stm |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> acause it haes been the model for maist ither [[parliamentary system]]s.<ref name="Lunnon_037"/> Thare are 73 Members o Parliament (MPs) frae Lunnon, who correspond tae local parliamentary [[Leet o Parliamentary constituencies in Greater Lunnon|constituencies]] in the national [[British House o Commons|Parliament]]. As o Juin 2017, 49 are frae the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], 21 are [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]], an 3 are [[Leeberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrat]].<ref>{{cite web|title = General Election Results 2015|url = http://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/general-election-results-2015|website = Lunnon DataStore|accessdate = 2015-05-10|publisher = [[Greater Lunnon Authority]]|date = 2015-05-08|archive-date = 2016-05-04|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160504063550/http://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/general-election-results-2015|url-status = dead}}</ref> ==Geography== {{Main|Geography o Lunnon}} ===Scope=== [[File:London, United Kingdom.JPG|thumb|Satellite view o inner Lunnon]] [[Greater Lunnon]] is the tap-level administrative subdiveesion coverin Lunnon.<ref group="note">Greater Lunnon isnae a ceety in the sense that the word applies in the Unitit Kinrick, that o havin [[Ceety status in the Unitit Kinrick|ceety status]] grantit by the Crown.</ref> The wee, ancient [[City o Lunnon]] at its core ance contained the hale dounset, but as the urban area grew the [[City o Lunnon Corporation|City Corporation]] resistit attemps tae amalgamate it wi its suburbs, causin "Lunnon" tae be defined in a nummer weys for different purposes.<ref name="chancery">{{Cite journal|author=Beavan,Charles|author2=Bickersteth, Harry|title=Reports of Cases in Chancery, Argued and Determined in the Rolls Court|publisher=Saunners an Benning|year=1865|url=http://books.google.com/?id=YFYDAAAAQAAJ|ref=harv}}</ref> Forty per cent o Greater Lunnon is covered bi the [[Lunnon postal destrict|Lunnon]] post toun, wiin whilk 'Lunnon' forms pairt o postal addresses.<ref name=Lunnon_042>{{Cite book|last=Stationery Office|title=The Inner London Letter Post|publisher=H.M.S.O|year=1980|isbn=978-0-10-251580-0|page=128|ref=harv}}</ref><ref name=map_post>{{Cite book|title=London Postcode and Administrative Boundaries|publisher=Geographers' A-Z Map Company|author=Geographers' A-Z Map Company|year=2008|edition=6|isbn=978-1-84348-592-6|ref=harv}}</ref> The Lunnon telephone [[area code]] (020) covers a lairger area, seemilar in size tae Greater Lunnon, awtho some outer destricts are omeetit an some places juist ootside are included. The Greater Lunnon boundary haes been [[Leet o Greater Lunnon boundary changes|aligned tae the M25 motorway]] in places.<ref name=Lunnon_044>{{cite web|url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/SI/si1993/Uksi_19930441_en_1.htm|title=The Essex, Greater London and Hertfordshire (County and London Borough Boundaries) Order|year=1993|publisher=Office o Public Sector Information|accessdate=6 June 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0lyLLA?url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/SI/si1993/Uksi_19930441_en_1.htm|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> Outward urban expansion is nou preventit bi the [[Metropolitan Green Belt]],<ref name=Lunnon_040>{{Cite book|last=Dilys|first=M Hill|title=Urban Policy and Politics in Britain|publisher=St. Martin's Press|year=2000|isbn=978-0-312-22745-6|page=268|ref=harv}}</ref> awtho the biggit-up area extends beyond the boundary in places, resultin in a separately defined [[Greater Lunnon Urban area]]. Beyond this is the vast [[Lunnon commuter belt]].<ref name=Lunnon_041>{{cite web |url=http://www.london.gov.uk/assembly/reports/plansd/london_regional_200104.pdf |title=London in its Regional Setting |publisher=Lunnon Assembly |accessdate=6 June 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527193714/http://www.london.gov.uk/assembly/reports/plansd/london_regional_200104.pdf |archivedate=2008-05-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Greater Lunnon is split for some purposes intae [[Inner Lunnon]] an [[Outer Lunnon]].<ref name=Lunnon_045>{{cite book |url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/RevisedStatutes/Acts/ukpga/1963/cukpga_19630033_en_1 |title=London Government Act 1963 |publisher=Office o Public Sector Information |accessdate=6 May 2008 |isbn=978-0-16-053895-7 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0mVCtM?url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/RevisedStatutes/Acts/ukpga/1963/cukpga_19630033_en_1 |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> The ceety is split bi the River Thames intae [[North Lunnon|North]] an [[South Lunnon|South]], wi an informal [[central Lunnon]] area in its interior. The coordinates o the nominal centre o Lunnon, tradeetionally considered tae be the oreeginal [[Eleanor Cross]] at [[Charing Cross]] near the junction o [[Trafalgar squerr]] an [[Whitehall]], are approximately {{Coord|51|30|26|N|00|07|39|W|type:city(7,000,000)_region:GB}}.<ref name=Lunnon_039>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2005/08/15/charingcross_feature.shtml|title=London&nbsp;— Features&nbsp;— Where is the Centre of London?|publisher=BBC|accessdate=6 June 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5msV6aAO0?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2005/08/15/charingcross_feature.shtml|archivedate=2010-01-18|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Status=== Athin Lunnon, baith the [[City o Lunnon]] an the [[City o Westminster]] hae [[City status in the Unitit Kinrick|ceety status]] an baith the ceety o Lunnon an the remainder o Greater Lunnon is the [[Ceremonial counties o England|ceremonial counties]].<ref name=Lunnon_049>{{cite web|url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1997/ukpga_19970023_en_1|title=Lieutenancies Act 1997|publisher=OPSI|accessdate=7 June 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0mpHnm?url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1997/ukpga_19970023_en_1|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> The area o [[Metropolitan an non-metropolitan counties o England#Greater Lunnon|Greater Lunnon]] haes incorporatit area that war ance pairt o the [[Historic counties o England|historic counties]] o [[Middlesex]], [[Kent]], [[Surrey]], [[Essex]] an [[Hertfordshire]].<ref name=Lunnon_050>{{Cite book|last=Barlow|first=I. M. |title=Metropolitan Government|url=https://archive.org/details/metropolitangove0000barl|year=1991|publisher=Routledge|page=[https://archive.org/details/metropolitangove0000barl/page/n363 346]|ref=harv}}</ref> Lunnon's status as the caipital o England, an later the Unitit Kinrick, haes never been grantit or confirmed offeecially—by [[statute]] or in written form.{{refn|According tae the ''Collins English Dictionary'' definition o 'the seat o government',<ref name=Lunnon_061>(1994) ''Collins English Dictionary'', Collins Education plc.</ref> Lunnon isnae the offeecial capital o England, as England disnae hae its ain government. Accordin tae the ''Oxford English Reference Dictionary'' definition o 'the maist important toun'<ref name=Lunnon_062>''Oxford English Reference Dictionary'', Oxford English.</ref> an mony ither authorities.<ref name=Lunnon_063>"HC 501 0304.PDF" (PDF). Parliament Publications</ref>|group=note}} Its poseetion wis formed throu [[constitutional convention (political custom)|constitutional convention]], makkin its status as ''de facto'' caipital a pairt o the [[Constitution o the Unitit Kinrick|UK's unwritten constitution]]. The caipital o Ingland wis moved tae Lunnon frae [[Winchester]] as the [[Pailace o Wastmeenster]] developed in the 12t an 13t centuries tae become the permanent location o the [[Noble court|royal court]], an sicweys the political caipital o the naition.<ref name=Lunnon_060>{{Cite journal |last=Schofield |first=John |date=June 1999 |title=British Archaeology |publisher=British Archaeology |issue=45 |issn=1357-4442 |url=http://www.britarch.ac.uk/BA/ba45/ba45regs.html |accessdate=6 May 2008 |ref=harv |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0mw1Sn?url=http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba45/ba45regs.html |archivedate=2011-05-19 |journal= |url-status=live }}</ref> Mair recently, Greater Lunnon haes been defined as a [[Regions o England|region o England]] an in this context is kent as ''Lunnon''.<ref name=region/> ===Topography=== [[File:London in snow 2 February 2009 387.jpg|thumb|The [[Victoria Memorial, Lunnon|Victoria Memorial]] in the snow in 2009]] Greater Lunnon encompasses a tot area o {{convert|1583|km2|sqmi}}, an area that haed a population o 7,172,036 in 2001 an a population density o {{convert|4542|PD/km2|PD/sqmi}}. The extendit area kent as the Lunnon Metropolitan Region or the Lunnon Metropolitan Agglomeration, comprises a tot area o {{convert|8382|km2|sqmi}} haes a population o 13,709,000 an a population density o {{convert|1510|PD/km2|PD/sqmi}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dgcl.interieur.gouv.fr/sections/a_votre_service/lu_pour_vous/les_grandes_metropol/downloadFile/attachedFile/metropolislondres.pdf?nocache=1254397828.63 |title=Metropolis: 027 London, World Association of the Major Metropolises |accessdate=3 May 2010 |archive-date=2011-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110427084411/http://www.dgcl.interieur.gouv.fr/sections/a_votre_service/lu_pour_vous/les_grandes_metropol/downloadFile/attachedFile/metropolislondres.pdf?nocache=1254397828.63 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Modern Lunnon stauns on the [[The burn the Thames|Thames]], its primary geographical featur, a [[Navigability|navigable]] river whilk crosses the ceety frae the sooth-wast tae the east. The [[Thames Valley]] is a [[floodplain]] surroondit by gently rolling hills includin [[Parliament Hill, Lunnon|Parliament Hill]], [[Addington Hills]], an [[Primrose Hill]]. The Thames wis ance a fair bit broader, shallaer burn wi extensive [[marsh]]lands; at heich tide, its shores reakit five times thair present width.<ref name=Lunnon_065>{{cite book |url= http://books.google.com/?id=M9qvtYYhRtAC&pg=PR11&dq=thames+%22iron+age%22+london+wide+geography+shallow+marsh |title=London: A History |first=Francis|last= Sheppard | page=10 |publisher= Oxford University Press |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-19-285369-1 |accessdate=6 June 2008}}</ref> Syne the [[Victorian era]] the Thames haes been extensively [[Thames Embankment|embanked]], an mony o its Lunnon [[Tributaries o the River Thames|tributaries]] nou flow [[Subterranean rivers o Lunnon|unnerground]]. The Thames is a tidal river, an Lunnon is vulnerable tae flooding.<ref name=Lunnon_066>{{cite web|url=http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/yourenv/eff/1190084/natural_forces/flooding/?version=1&lang=_e|title=Flooding|publisher=UK [[Environment Agency]]|accessdate=19 June 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060215080725/http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/yourenv/eff/1190084/natural_forces/flooding/?version=1&lang=_e|archivedate=2006-02-15|url-status=live}}</ref> The threat haes increased ower time acause o a slaw but continuous rise in [[Tide|heich watter]] level bi the slow 'tilting' o Britain (up in the north an doun in the sooth) caused by [[post-glacial rebound]].<ref name=Lunnon_067>{{cite web|url=http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/yourenv/eff/1190084/natural_forces/sealevels/?version=1&lang=_e|title="Sea Levels"&nbsp;– UK Environment Agency|publisher=[[Environment Agency]]|accessdate=6 June 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523225152/http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/yourenv/eff/1190084/natural_forces/sealevels/?version=1&lang=_e|archivedate=2008-05-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1974, a decade o work began on the construction o the [[Thames Barrier]] athort the Thames at [[Woolwich]] tae deal wi this threat. While the barrier is expectit tae function as designed til aboot 2070, concepts for its future enlairgement or redesign is awready bein discussed.<ref>{{cite news|first=David|last=Adam|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/mar/31/thames-flood-barrier-london|title=Thames Barrier gets extra time as London's main flood defence|work=The Guardian|location=UK|date=31 March 2009|accessdate=7 November 2009|ref=harv|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0n91QT?url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/mar/31/thames-flood-barrier-london|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Climate=== [[File:Summer Love of Russell Square.jpg|thumb|Average simmertime day temperatures range atween 22°C an 28°C. Awbesit uncommon, temperatures as heich as 40°C hae been recordit]] Lunnon haes a temperate [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfb&#x202f;''), seemilar tae aw o soothren Britain. Maugre its reputation as bein a rainy ceety, Lunnon receives less precipitation ({{convert|601|mm|0|abbr=on}} in a year), than [[Roum]], [[Bordeaux]], [[Toulouse]], [[Naples]] an even [[Sydney]] in Australie.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_066062_All.shtml|title=Climate statistics for Australian locations|work=bom.gov.au}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldweather.org/176/c00604.htm |title=Weather Information for Naples |publisher=Worldweather.org |date=5 October 2006 |accessdate=4 May 2013 |archive-date=2012-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105145214/http://www.worldweather.org/176/c00604.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.meteoam.it/modules.php?name=viewClinoFile&station=289&name_station=Napoli%20CapodichinoVisualizzazione tabella CLINO della stazione / CLINO Averages Listed for the station Napoli Capodichino]{{dead link|date=May 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://www.theweathernetwork.com/ The Weather Network] 18 November 2011</ref><ref>[http://france.meteofrance.com/france/climat_france?CLIMAT_PORTLET.path=climatstationn%2F31069001 Prévisions météo de Météo-France – Climat en France] {{Webarchive|url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160517203416/http://france.meteofrance.com/france/climat_france?CLIMAT_PORTLET.path=climatstationn%2F31069001 |date=2016-05-17 }} 18 November 2011</ref><ref>[http://www.worldweather.org/062/c01058.htm World Weather Information Service – Toulouse] 18 November 2011</ref> Temperature extremes for aw sites in the Lunnon area range frae {{convert|40.2|°C|°F|1}} at [[Heathrow Airport]] during 19 Julie 2022 doun tae {{convert|-17.4|°C|°F|1}} at Northolt during 13 December 1981.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.personal.dundee.ac.uk/~taharley/british_weather_in_january.htm|title=January 1962 weather|accessdate=18 September 2012|archive-date=2015-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150903235843/https://www.personal.dundee.ac.uk/~taharley/british_weather_in_january.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|number=1549448971676012546|user=metoffice|title=Here are the highest temperatures across the country today 👇 At least 34 sites have exceeded the UK's previous na…|date=19 Julie 2022}}</ref> Simmers are generally warm an whiles het, Lunnon's average Julie heich is {{convert|24|°C|°F|1}}. On average, Lunnon will see 31 days abuin {{convert|25|°C|°F|1}} ilka year, an 4.2 days abuin {{convert|30.0|°C|°F|1}} ilka year. Throu the [[2003 European heat wave]] thare war 14 consecutive days abuin {{convert|30|°C|°F|1}} an 2 consecutive days whaur temperatures reakit {{convert|38|°C|°F|1}}, leadin tae hunners o heat relatit daiths.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The impact of the 2003 heat wave on daily mortality in England and Wales and the use of rapid weekly mortality estimates|journal=Eurosurveillance|volume=10|issue=7|date=1 July 2005|first1=H|last1=Johnson|first2=RS|last2=Kovats|first3=G|last3=McGregor|first4=J|last4=Stedman|first5=M|last5=Gibbs|first6=H|last6=Walton6|url=http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=558}}</ref> Winters are generally cuil an damp wi little temperature variation. Snowfall daes occur frae time tae time, an can cause traivel disruption whan this happens. Spring an hairst are mixed seasons an can be leesome. As a lairge ceety, Lunnon haes a considerable [[urban heat island]] effect,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://legacy.london.gov.uk/mayor/environment/climate-change/docs/UHI_summary_report.pdf|title=London's Urban Heat Island: A Summary for Decision Makers|publisher=Greater Lunnon Authority|date=October 2006|accessdate=29 April 2015|archive-date=2012-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120816015955/http://legacy.london.gov.uk/mayor/environment/climate-change/docs/UHI_summary_report.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> makkin the centre o Lunnon at times {{convert|5|C-change|0|}} warmer than the suburbs an outskirts. The effect o this can be seen ablo whan comparin Lunnon Heathrow that is locatit {{convert|24|km}} wast o Lunnon wi the Lunnon Weather Centre that is locatit in the centre o Lunnon.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ever warmer as temperatures rival France|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1463994/Ever-warmer-as-temperatures-rival-France.html|publisher=Telegraph|date=16 May 2015}}</ref> {{Weather box |location = Lunnon Heathrow 1981-2010 |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 17 |Feb record high C = 20 |Mar record high C = 24 |Apr record high C = 29 |May record high C = 33 |Jun record high C = 36 |Jul record high C = 37 |Aug record high C = 38 |Sep record high C = 35 |Oct record high C = 30 |Nov record high C = 21 |Dec record high C = 17 |year record high C = 38.1 |Jan high C = 8 |Feb high C = 8 |Mar high C = 11 |Apr high C = 14 |May high C = 18 |Jun high C = 21 |Jul high C = 24 |Aug high C = 23 |Sep high C = 20 |Oct high C = 16 |Nov high C = 11 |Dec high C = 8 |year high C = 15 |Jan low C = 2 |Feb low C = 2 |Mar low C = 4 |Apr low C = 6 |May low C = 9 |Jun low C = 12 |Jul low C = 14 |Aug low C = 14 |Sep low C = 11 |Oct low C = 8 |Nov low C = 5 |Dec low C = 3 |year low C = 8 |Jan record low C = -22 |Feb record low C = -10 |Mar record low C = -7 |Apr record low C = -4 |May record low C = 0 |Jun record low C = 3 |Jul record low C = 7 |Aug record low C = 7 |Sep record low C = 3 |Oct record low C = -5 |Nov record low C = -6 |Dec record low C = -12 |year record low C= -22 |Jan precipitation mm = 55.2 |Feb precipitation mm = 40.9 |Mar precipitation mm = 41.6 |Apr precipitation mm = 43.7 |May precipitation mm = 49.4 |Jun precipitation mm = 45.1 |Jul precipitation mm = 44.5 |Aug precipitation mm = 49.5 |Sep precipitation mm = 49.1 |Oct precipitation mm = 68.5 |Nov precipitation mm = 59.0 |Dec precipitation mm = 55.2 |year precipitation mm = 601.7 |Jan sun = 61.5 |Feb sun = 77.9 |Mar sun = 114.6 |Apr sun = 168.7 |May sun = 198.5 |Jun sun = 204.3 |Jul sun = 212.0 |Aug sun = 204.7 |Sep sun = 149.3 |Oct sun = 116.5 |Nov sun = 72.6 |Dec sun = 52.0 |year sun = 1632.6 |source 1= <ref name="UK Met Office" >{{cite web |url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gcpsvf37b |title=London Heathrow Airport |publisher=Met Office |accessdate=17 September 2014 }}</ref> |source 2= <ref name="Britain's highest recorded temperatures for each day o the year">{{cite web |url=http://www.torro.org.uk/site/hightempsyear.php |title=British Weather Extremes: Daily Maximum Temperatures |publisher=Torro |accessdate=17 September 2014 |archive-date=2015-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150824032720/http://www.torro.org.uk/site/hightempsyear.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> }} {{Weather box |location = Lunnon Weather Centre UHI |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 8.5 |Feb high C = 8.9 |Mar high C = 11.7 |Apr high C = 15.7 |May high C = 18.6 |Jun high C = 22.4 |Jul high C = 23.6 |Aug high C = 23.2 |Sep high C = 20.8 |Oct high C = 16.1 |Nov high C = 11.9 |Dec high C = 8.6 |year high C = 15.8 |Jan mean C = 6.8 |Feb mean C = 6.8 |Mar mean C = 8.8 |Apr mean C = 12.0 |May mean C = 14.8 |Jun mean C = 18.3 |Jul mean C = 19.6 |Aug mean C = 19.4 |Sep mean C = 17.3 |Oct mean C = 13.5 |Nov mean C = 10.0 |Dec mean C = 7.0 |year mean C = 12.8 |Jan low C = 5.0 |Feb low C = 4.7 |Mar low C = 5.8 |Apr low C = 8.2 |May low C = 10.9 |Jun low C = 14.1 |Jul low C = 15.5 |Aug low C = 15.5 |Sep low C = 13.7 |Oct low C = 10.9 |Nov low C = 8.0 |Dec low C = 5.4 |year low C = 9.8 |source 1= <ref name="Lunnon Weather Centre climate data" >{{cite web |url=http://www.weatheronline.co.uk/weather/maps/city?LANG=en&PLZ=_____&PLZN=_____&WMO=03779&CONT=ukuk&R=0&LEVEL=162&REGION=0003&LAND=UK&MOD=tab&ART=TMX&NOREGION=1&FMM=1&FYY=2001&LMM=12&LYY=2014 |title=London Weather Centre analysis |publisher=weatheronline.co.uk |accessdate=17 November 2014 }}</ref> |source 2= <ref name="Climate Lunnon Weather Centre" >{{cite web |url=http://www.tutiempo.net/en/Climate/London_Weather_Centre/37790.htm |title=climate: Climate London Weather Centre |publisher=Tutiempo |accessdate=17 November 2014 }}</ref> }} ===destricts=== {{Main|Leet o destricts o Lunnon}} Lunnon's vast urban area is aften descrievit uisin a set o destrict names, lik [[Bloomsbury]], [[Mayfair]], [[Wembley]] an [[Whitechapel]]. Thay are aither informal designations, reflect the names o villages that hae been absorbed by sprawl, or are superseded administrative units sic as parishes or [[Metropolitan boroughs o the County o Lunnon|umwhile boroughs]]. Siclike names hae remained in uise throu tradeetion, ilk o thaim referrin tae a local area wi its ain distinctive character, but wioot official boundaries. Syne 1965 Greater Lunnon haes been dividit intae 32 [[Lunnon borough]]s in addition tae the ancient ceety o Lunnon.<ref name=Lunnon_071>{{cite web|url=http://www.london.gov.uk/london-life/city-government/boroughs.jsp|title=London boroughs&nbsp;— London Life, GLA|publisher=Lunnon Government|accessdate=3 November 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213025156/http://www.london.gov.uk/london-life/city-government/boroughs.jsp|archivedate=2007-12-13|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_072>{{Cite book |last1=Dogan |first1=Mattei |first2=John D. |last2=Kasarda |title=The Metropolis Era |publisher=Sage |year=1988 |page=99 |isbn=978-0-8039-2603-5 |url= http://books.google.com/?id=_GFPAAAAMAAJ&q=1965,+32+boroughs+of+london&dq=1965,+32+boroughs+of+london |ref=harv}}</ref> The ceety o Lunnon is the main financial destrict,<ref name=Lunnon_073>{{cite web |url= http://www.london.gov.uk/london-life/business-and-jobs/financial-centre.jsp |title= London as a financial centre |publisher= Mayor o Lunnon |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080106051217/http://www.london.gov.uk/london-life/business-and-jobs/financial-centre.jsp |archivedate= 2008-01-06 |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= dead }}</ref> an [[Canary Wharf]] haes recently developed intae a new financial an commercial hub in the [[Lunnon Docklands|Docklands]] tae the east. The [[West End o Lunnon|West End]] is Lunnon's main entertainment an shoppin destrict, attracting tourists.<ref name=Lunnon_075>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1608619.stm |title=West End still drawing crowds |work=BBC News |accessdate=6 June 2008 |date=22 October 2001 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0o6fkv?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1608619.stm |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[West (Lunnon sub region)|West Lunnon]] includes expensive residential areas whaur properties can sell for tens o millions o pounds.<ref name=Lunnon_076>{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2006/apr/17/tax.g2 |title=Super Rich |date=17 April 2006 |newspaper=The Guardian |accessdate=7 June 2008 |location=Lunnon |first=James |last=Meek |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0ofbib?url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2006/apr/17/tax.g2 |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> The average price for properties in [[Royal Borough o Kensington an Chelsea|Kensington an Chelsea]] is ower £2 million wi a seimilarly heich outlay in maist o [[central Lunnon]].<ref name="Lunnon's Properties">{{cite web|url=http://www.rbkc.gov.uk/planningandconservation/planningpolicy/idoc.ashx%3Fdocid%3Dbf56bda1-575c-435b-92ac-9a71625c1746%26version%3D-1|archivedate=2016-12-30|title=Information on latest house prices in the Royal Borough|publisher=Royal Borough o Kensington an Chelsea|access-date=2022-07-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230190409/https://www.rbkc.gov.uk/planningandconservation/planningpolicy/idoc.ashx?docid=bf56bda1-575c-435b-92ac-9a71625c1746&version=-1|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=GuardAug14>{{cite news |url= http://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/aug/08/housing-london-jump-19-per-cent-year |title= Average house prices in London jump 19 percent in a year |author=Rupert Jones |newspaper=The Guardian |location= Lunnon |date=8 August 2014 |accessdate=24 September 2014}}</ref> The [[East End o Lunnon|East End]] is the area closest tae the oreeginal [[Port o Lunnon]], kent for its heich immigrant population, as weel as for bein ane o the puirest areas in Lunnon.<ref name="East End">{{cite news |url=http://msnbc.msn.com/id/8487518/site/newsweek/ |date=6 July 2005 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060829024354/http://msnbc.msn.com/id/8487518/site/newsweek/ |archivedate=2006-08-29 |title=Tomorrow's East End |newspaper=Newsweek |author=Flynn, Emily |location=New York |access-date=2015-06-04 |url-status=live }}</ref> The surroondin [[North East (Lunnon sub region)|East Lunnon]] area saw a fair bit o Lunnon's early industrial development; nou, [[brownfield land|brownfield]] sites throughout the area are bein redeveloped as pairt o the [[Thames Gateway]] includin the [[Lunnon Riverside]] an [[Lower Lea Valley]], that wis developed intae the [[Olympic Park, Lunnon|Olympic Park]] for the [[Lunnon 2012 Olympic bid|2012 Olympics an Paralympics]].<ref name="East End" /> ===Architecture=== {{Main|Architecture o Lunnon|Leet o tallest biggins an structures in Lunnon}} [[File:Aerial Tower of London.jpg|thumb|right|The Tower of London]] Lunnon's biggins are ower diverse tae be characterised by ony parteecular [[architectural]] style, partly acause o thair varyin ages. Mony grand houses an public biggins, sic as the [[National Gallery]], are biggit frae [[Portland stone]]. Some areas o the ceety, parteecularly those juist wast o the centre, are characterised by white [[stucco]] or whitewashed biggins. Few structures in central Lunnon pre-date the [[Great Fire o Lunnon|Great Fire]] o 1666, thir bein a few trace [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] remains, the [[Tower o Lunnon]] an a few scattered [[Tudor architecture|Tudor]] survivors in the ceety. Faur oot is, for insample, the [[Tudor period]] [[Hampton Court Palace]], England's auldest surviving Tudor palace, biggit by Cardinal [[Thomas Wolsey]] c. 1515.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/tudors/hampton_court_01.shtml |title=Hampton Court: The Lost Palace |publisher=BBC History |date=29 March 2011 |author=Foyle, Jonathan |accessdate=16 June 2013 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0pDL3i?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/tudors/hampton_court_01.shtml |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}}</ref> [[Christopher Wren|Wren]]'s late 17t-century kirks an the financial institutions o the 18t an 19t centuries lik the [[Royal Exchange, Lunnon|Royal Exchange]] an the [[Bank o England]], tae the early 20t century [[Old Bailey]] an the 1960s [[Barbican Estate]] form pairt o the varied architectural heritage. [[File:30 St Mary Axe from Leadenhall Street.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[30 St Mary Axe]], forby kent as "the Gherkin", touers ower [[St Andrew Undershaft]]]] The disuised, but suin tae be rejuvenated, 1939 [[Battersea Power Station]] bi the burn in the sooth-wast is a local laundmerk, while some railway termini are excellent insamples o [[Victorian architecture]], maist notably [[St Pancras railway station|St. Pancras]] an [[Paddington railway station|Paddington]].<ref name=Lunnon_078>{{cite web |url=http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Paddington_Station.html |title=Paddington Station |publisher=Great biggins |accessdate=6 June 2008 |ref=harv |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0pwi86?url=http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Paddington_Station.html |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> The density o Lunnon varies, wi heich employment density in the [[Central Lunnon|central area]], heich residential densities in [[inner Lunnon]] an laicher densities in [[Outer Lunnon]]. [[The Monument]] in the ceety o Lunnon provides views o the surroondin areas while commemoratin the [[Great Fire o Lunnon]], whilk originatit fae a biggin naurhaun. [[Marble Arch]] an [[Wellington Arch]], at the north an sooth ends o [[Park Lane (road)|Park Lane]] respectively, hae royal connections, as dae the [[Albert Memorial]] an [[Royal Albert Hall]] in [[Kensington]]. [[Nelson's Column]] is a nationally recognised monument in [[Trafalgar squerr]], ane o the focal pynts o the ceety centre. Older biggins are mainly brick biggit, maist commonly the yellae [[Lunnon stock brick]] or a warm orange-red variety, eften decoratit wi carvings an white plaster [[moulding (decorative)|mouldings]].<ref name=Lunnon_077>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/main.jhtml?view=DETAILS&grid=A1&xml=/property/2008/03/27/lpgreen127.xml |title=Eco homes: Wooden it be lovely... ? |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |accessdate=12 October 2008 |location=Lunnon |first=Sarah |last=Lonsdale |date=27 March 2008 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0rvzUL?url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/main.jhtml?view=DETAILS |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> <!-- [[File:Buckingham Palace frae gardens, London, UK - Diliff.jpg|left|thumb|[[Buckingham Palace]] is the official residence o the British monarch]] --> In the dense airts, maist o the concentration is via medium- an heich-rise biggins. Lunnon's skyscrapers lik [[30 St Mary Axe]], [[Tower 42]], the [[Broadgate Tower]] an [[One Canada squerr]] are maistly in the twa financial destricts, the [[City o Lunnon]] an [[Canary Wharf]]. High-rise development is restrictit at certaint sites if it wad obstruct pertectit views o [[St Paul's Cathedral]] an ither historic biggins. Housomeiver, thare a nummer o verra heich skyscrapers in central Lunnon ''(see [[Tall biggins in Lunnon]])'', includin the 72-storey [[Shard Lunnon Bridge]], the [[Leet o heichest biggins in the European Union|heichest biggin in the European Union]]. Other notable modern biggins include [[City Hall (Lunnon)|City Hall]] in [[Southwark]] wi its distinctive oval shape,<ref name=Lunnon_079>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/2129199.stm |title=Inside London's new 'glass egg' |date=16 July 2002 |work=BBC News |accessdate=26 April 2008 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0sZ57q?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/2129199.stm |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> an the [[British Library]] in [[Somers Town, Lunnon|Somers Town]]/[[Keengs Cross, Lunnon|Kings Cross]]. What wis formerly the [[Millennium Dome]], bi the Thames tae the east o Canary Wharf, is nou an entertainment venue cried [[The O2 (Lunnon)|The O2 Arena]]. {{wide image|Horniman London skyline 2013.jpg|1000px|[[The Shard]] dominating the [[City o Lunnon]] skyline, as seen frae [[Forest Hill, Lunnon|Forest Hill]] in July 2013}} ===Natural history=== The Lunnon Natural History Society suggest that Lunnon is "one o the World's Greenest ceeties" wi mair nor 40 percent green space or open watter. Thay indicate that 2000 species o flowering plant hae been foond growin thare an that the [[Tideway|tidal Thames]] supports 120 species o fish.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lnhs.org.uk/index.htm|title=Wildlife in London, England: LNHS Home page|work=lnhs.org.uk|access-date=2015-06-04|archive-date=2007-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212143739/http://www.lnhs.org.uk/Index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Thay forby state that ower 60 species o bird nest in [[central Lunnon]] an that thair members hae recordit 47 species o butterflee, 1173 moths an mair nor 270 kinds o speeder aroond Lunnon. Lunnon's [[wetland]] airts support nationally important populations o mony watter birds. Lunnon haes 38 [[Sites o Special Scientific Interest]] (SSSIs), twa [[National Nature Reserves]] an 76 [[Local Nature Reserves]].<ref>Lunnon Natural History Society.</ref> [[Amphibians]] are common in the caipital, includin [[smooth newt]]s livin bi the [[Tate Modern]], an common [[frog]]s, common [[toad]]s, [[palmate newt]]s an [[great crestit newt]]s, housamiver, native reptiles lik [[slow-worm]]s, [[common lizard]]s, [[grass snake]]s an [[Vipera berus|adder]]s, are maistly anly seen in [[outer Lunnon]].<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/jul/27/london-amphibian-reptile-map "London's amphibians and reptile populations mapped". Laurie Tuffrey, ''The Guardian'', Friday 27 July 2012]</ref> [[File:Flickr - Duncan~ - Fox Trot.jpg|thumb|left|Fox on Ayres Street, [[Southwark]], [[South Lunnon]] ]] Amang ither indwallers o Lunnon are 10,000 tods, sae that thare are nou 16 tods for every squerr mile (2.6 squerr kilometres) o Lunnon. Thir urban tods are noticeably bolder than thair kintra cousins, sharin the pavement (sidewalk) wi pedestrians an raisin cubs in people's backyards. Tods hae even sneaked intae the [[Houses o Parliament]], whaur ane wis foond asleep on a filing cabinet. Anither broke intae the grunds o [[Buckingham Palace]], reportedly killin some o Queen Elizabeth II's prized [[pink flamingo]]s. Generally, housamiver, tods an ceety folk appear tae get alang. A survey in 2001 bi the Lunnon-based [[Mammal Society]] foond that 80 percent o Lunnoners liked haein them aroond.<ref>[http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/05/foxes-london_2.html "10,000 Foxes Roam London". James Owen in London for ''National Geographic'' News, May 15, 2006]</ref> Other mammals foond in [[Greater Lunnon]] are [[hedgehog]]s, rats, mice, rabbit, shrew, vole, an squirrels,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/richmond-park/richmond-park-attractions/wildlife/mammals|title=Mammals|work=The Royal Parks|access-date=2015-06-04|archive-date=2020-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307135419/https://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/richmond-park/richmond-park-attractions/wildlife/mammals|url-status=dead}}</ref> In wilder areas o [[Outer Lunnon]], sic as [[Epping Forest]], a wide variety o mammals are foond includin [[hare]], [[brock]], field, bank an watter [[laund-moose]], [[wid moose]], [[yellae-neck moose]], [[mowdiwarp]], [[shrew]], an [[wheasel]], in addition tae tod, squirrel an hurcheon. A deid otter wis foond at The Highway, in [[Wapping]], aboot {{convert|1|mi|adj=on}} frae the [[Tower Bridge]], that wad suggest that thay hae begun tae muive back efter bein absence a hunner year frae the ceety.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thisislocallondon.co.uk/news/topstories/946018.londons_first_wild_otter_found/|title=London's first wild otter found|author=Peter Law|work=This Is Local Lunnon}}</ref> Ten o England's eighteen species o [[bat]]s hae been recorded in Epping Forest: soprano, nathusius an common pipistrelles, noctule, serotine, barbastelle, daubenton's, brown Long-eared, natterer's an leisler's.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/green-spaces/epping-forest/wildlife-and-nature/Pages/Mammals.aspx|title=Mammals|work=cityofLunnon.gov.uk|access-date=2015-06-04|archive-date=2015-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318070552/http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/green-spaces/epping-forest/wildlife-and-nature/Pages/Mammals.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> Amang the strange sights seen in Lunnon hae been a whale in the Thames,<ref>Liam O'Brien, (24 March 2013). [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/dead-whale-found-floating-in-the-thames-estuary-will-be-examined-8547350.html "Dead whale found floating in the Thames Estuary 'will be examined'"]. ''The Independent on Sunday'' (Lunnon).</ref> while The BBC Twa programme "Natural World: Unnatural History o Lunnon", shaws pigeons uisin the [[Lunnon Unnergrund]] tae get aroond the ceety, a [[Pinniped|seal]] that taks fish frae [[fishmonger]]s athoot [[Billingsgate Fish Market]], an tods that will "sit" gif thay're gien sausages.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/18428378?print=true|title=BBC Nature - A Question of Nature: How hidden is the UK's wild side?|work=BBC Nature}}</ref> Herds o [[red deer|red]] an [[fallow deer]] roam freely wiin hantle o [[Richmond Park|Richmond]] an [[Bushy Park]]. A cull takes place ilk November an Februar tae ensure nummers can be sustained.<ref name="Deer cull begins">{{cite news | url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/local/wandsworthnews/10026864.Richmond_Park_deer_cull_begins/ | title=Richmond Park deer cull begins | work=Wandsworth Guardian | date=5 November 2012 | accessdate=9 November 2012 | author=Rachel Bishop | location=Lunnon}}</ref> Epping Forest is kent for its [[fallow deer]] an aa, whilk can frequently be seen in herds tae the north o the Forest. A rare population o [[melanistic]], black fallow deer is forby maintained at the Deer Sanctuary near [[Theydon Bois]]. [[Muntjac deer]], that escaped frae deer parks at the turn o the twentieth century, are foond in the wid. While Lunnoners are accustomed tae wildlife sic as birds an tods sharin the ceety, mair recently urban deer hae becomin a regular featur, an hale herds o [[fallow deer|fallow]] an [[white tailed deer]] come intae residential airts at nicht tae tak advantage o the Lunnon's green spaces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/in-pictures-londons-urban-deer-9149902.html|title=In pictures: London's urban deer|work=The Evening Standard}}</ref> Thare are in Lunnon mony [[muntjak]] deer an aa, but acause thay are shy it is less common tae see them.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.times-series.co.uk/news/9761337.Photographer_snaps_Muntjac_deer_in_Mill_Hill_garden/|title=Photographer snaps Muntjac deer in Mill Hill garden|author=Emma Innes|work=Times Series}}</ref> ==Demography== {{Main|Demographics o Lunnon}} {{Table Lunnon tap 28 birth kintras}}<!--- Ref name=Pop2001 ---> Wi increasin industrialisation, Lunnon's population grew rapidly outthrou the 19t an early 20t centuries, an it wis for some time in the late 19t an early 20t centuries the maist populous ceety in the warld. Its population peaked at 8,615,245 in 1939 immediately afore the outbreak o the Seicont World War, but haed declined tae 7,192,091 at the 2001 Census. Housamiver, the population then grew by juist ower a million atween the 2001 an 2011 Censuses, tae reak 8,173,941 in the latter enumeration.<ref>[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-unitary-authorities-in-wales/chd-we-figure-1.xls "2011 Census. London population"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220904221157/https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-unitary-authorities-in-wales/chd-we-figure-1.xls |date=2022-09-04 }}. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 27 May 2015</ref> Houiver, Lunnon's continuous urban area extends ayont the borders o Greater Lunnon an wis home tae 9,787,426 people in 2011,<ref name="urbanpopulation"/> while its wider [[Lunnon metropolitan area|metropolitan area]] haes a population o atween 12 an 14&nbsp;million dependin on the definition uised.<ref name=metro_area_1>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html|title=The Principal Agglomerations o the World|work=City Population|accessdate=3 March 2009|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5rRuMtUmh?url=http://www.citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html|archivedate=2010-07-24|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=metro2>{{cite web |url=http://www.espon.eu/export/sites/default/Documents/Projects/ESPON2006Projects/StudiesScientificSupportProjects/UrbanFunctions/fr-1.4.3_April2007-final.pdf#page=119 |title=British urban pattern: population data |accessdate=22 February 2010 |date=March 2007 |work=ESPON project 1.4.3 Study on Urban Functions |publisher=[[European Spatial Planning Observation Network]] |page=119 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002318/http://www.espon.eu/export/sites/default/Documents/Projects/ESPON2006Projects/StudiesScientificSupportProjects/UrbanFunctions/fr-1.4.3_April2007-final.pdf#page=119 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Accordin tae [[Eurostat]], Lunnon is the [[mucklemaist ceeties an metropolitan areas in the European Union (Eurostat)|maist populous ceety an metropolitan area o the European Union]] an the seicont [[Leet o metropolitan areas in Europe|maist populous in Europe]] (or third if [[Istanbul]] is included). in the period 1991–2001 a net 726,000&nbsp;immigrants arrived in Lunnon.<ref name="Immigration">{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article379434.ece |title=Immigration rise increases segregation in British cities |last=Leppard |first=David |date=10 April 2005 |work=The Times |accessdate=8 August 2009 |location=Lunnon |archive-date=2008-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080211185641/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article379434.ece |url-status=dead }}{{subscription required}}</ref> The region covers an area o {{convert|1579|km2|sqmi}}. The population density is {{convert|5177|PD/km2|PD/sqmi}},<ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.dgcl.interieur.gouv.fr/sections/a_votre_service/lu_pour_vous/les_grandes_metropol/downloadFile/attachedFile/metropolislondres.pdf?nocache=1254397828.63 |title=Metropolis World Association o the Major Metropolises |accessdate=3 May 2010 |isbn=978-0-7306-2020-4 |archive-date=2011-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110427084411/http://www.dgcl.interieur.gouv.fr/sections/a_votre_service/lu_pour_vous/les_grandes_metropol/downloadFile/attachedFile/metropolislondres.pdf?nocache=1254397828.63 |url-status=dead }}</ref> mair nor ten times that o ony ither [[NUTS:UK|British region]].<ref name=Lunnon_087>{{cite web |url= http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/regional_snapshot/RS_Lon.pdf |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080624195152/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/regional_snapshot/RS_Lon.pdf |archivedate= 2008-06-24 |title= Population density o London: by London borough, 2006 |publisher= UK Statistics Authority |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= live }}</ref> In terms o population, Lunnon is the 19t [[World's mucklemaist ceeties|mucklemaist ceety]] an the 18t [[Leet o metropolitan areas by population|mucklemaist metropolitan]] region in the warld. As o 2014, Lunnon haes the mucklemaist nummer o billionaires (British Pound Sterling) in the warld, wi 72 residing in the ceety.<ref name=Billionaires>{{cite news|title='Rich List' counts more than 100 UK billionaires|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-27360032|accessdate=11 May 2014|newspaper=BBC News Online|date=11 May 2014}}</ref> Lunnon ranks as ane o the maist expensive ceeties in the warld, alongside Tokyo an Moscow.<ref name=Lunnon_089>{{cite news |url=http://money.cnn.com/2004/06/11/pf/costofliving/ |title=World's Most Expensive Cities 2004 |publisher=CNN |accessdate=16 August 2007 |date=11 June 2004 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0ygZWg?url=http://money.cnn.com/2004/06/11/pf/costofliving/ |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Ethnic groups=== {{Main|Ethnic groups in Lunnon}} {{Pie chart |thumb = left |caption = Ethnic groups in the 2011 census <ref name=2011censusdemo>[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks201ew.xls "2011 Census: Key Statistics for Local Authorities in England and Wales"] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks201ew.xls |date=2016-01-05 }}. [[Office for National Statistics|ONS]]. Retrieved 3 July 2014</ref> |label1 = White |value1 = 59.8 |color1 = Red |label2 = Asian |value2 = 18.4 |color2 = Orange |label3 = Black |value3 = 13.3 |color3 = Yellow |label4 = Mixed |value4 = 5 |color4 = Green |label5 = Arab |value5 = 1.3 |color5 = Blue |label6 = Other |value6 = 2.1 |color6 = Purple }} Accordin tae the [[Office for National Statistics]], based on the [[Unitit Kinrick Census 2011|2011 Census]] estimates, 59.8 per cent o the 8,173,941 indwallers o Lunnon war [[White people|White]], wi 44.9 per cent [[White British]], 2.2 per cent [[Irish migration tae Great Britain|White Irish]], 0.1 per cent [[Gypsy (term)|gypsy]]/[[Irish traveller]] an 12.1 per cent classifee'd as [[Other White]]. 20.9 per cent o Lunnoners are o [[British Asian|Asian]] an mixed-Asian strynd. 19.7 per cent are o full Asian strynd, wi those o mixed-Asian heritage comprisin 1.2 o the population. [[British Indien|Indiens]] accoont for 6.6 per cent o the population, followed by [[British Pakistanis|Pakistanis]] an [[British Bangladeshi|Bangladeshis]] at 2.7 per cent for ilk o thaim. [[British Chinese|Chinese]] fowks accoont for 1.5 per cent o the population, wi [[British Arabs|Arabs]] comprisin 1.3 per cent. A faur 4.9 per cent are classifee'd as "Other Asian". 15.6 per cent o Lunnon's population are o [[Black British|Black]] an mixed-Black strynd. 13.3 per cent are o fou Black strynd, wi thaim that's o mixed-Black heritage comprisin 2.3 per cent. [[Black British|Black Africans]] accoont for 7.0 per cent o Lunnon's population, wi 4.2 per cent as [[British African-Caribbean community|Black Caribbean]] an 2.1 per cent as "Other Black". 5.0 per cent are o [[Mixed (Unitit Kinrick ethnicity category)|mixed race]]. athort Lunnon, [[Black British|Black]] an [[British Asian|Asian]] childer outnumber [[White British]] childer by aboot sax tae fower in state schuils.<ref name=Lunnon_094>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1564365/One-fifth-o-children-from-ethnic-minorities.html |title=One fifth o children frae ethnic minorities |author=Paton, Graeme |date=1 October 2007 |work=The Daily Telegraph |accessdate=7 June 2008 |location=Lunnon |ref=harv |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5hYR0tUao?url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1564365/One-fifth-of-children-from-ethnic-minorities.html |archivedate=2009-06-15 |url-status=live }}</ref> Altogether at the 2011 census, o Lunnon's 1,624,768 population aged 0 tae 15, 46.4 per cent war White, 19.8 per cent war Asian, 19 per cent war Black, 10.8 per cent war Mixed an 4 per cent representit anither ethnic group.<ref>{{cite web |author= ONS |url= https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/livelinks/12297.xlsx |title=LC2109EWls - Ethnic group by age |publisher=www.nomisweb.co.uk |accessdate=26 March 2015}}</ref> In Januar 2005, a survey o Lunnon's ethnic an religious diversity claimed that thare war mair nor 300 leids spoken in Lunnon an mair nor 50 non-indigenous communities wi a population o mair nor 10,000.<ref name=Lunnon_090>{{cite news |url= http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/jan/21/britishidentity1 |title= Every race, colour, nation and religion on earth |work= The Guardian |location= Lunnon |accessdate= 6 May 2008 |first= Leo |last= Benedictus |date= 21 January 2005 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0zlxGl?url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/jan/21/britishidentity1 |archivedate= 2011-05-19 |url-status= live }}</ref> figurs frae the [[Office for National Statistics]] shaw that, {{as o|2010|alt=in 2010}}, Lunnon's furren-born population wis 2,650,000 (33 per cent), up frae 1,630,000 in 1997. The 2011 census shawed that 36.7 per cent o [[Greater Lunnon]]'s population war born athoot the UK.<ref name=Lunnon_092>{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/census2001/profiles/H-A.asp |title=Census 2001: London |publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]] |accessdate=3 June 2006 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo11Wpqv?url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/census2001/profiles/H-A.asp |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> The table tae the right shows the 30 maist common countries o birth o Lunnon residents in 2011, the date o the last published [[UK Census]].<ref name=Pop2011/> A portion o the German-born population are as lik as tae be British nationals born tae parents servin in the [[British Armed Forces]] in Germany.<ref name=Lunnon_095>{{cite book |url=http://www.ippr.org.uk/publicationsandreports/publication.asp?id=308 |title=Beyond Black and White: Mapping new immigrant communities |last=Kyambi |first=Sarah |date=7 September 2005 |accessdate=20 January 2007 |isbn=978-1-86030-284-8 |publisher=Institute for Public Policy Research |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo11tc6i?url=http://www.ippr.org.uk/publicationsandreports/publication.asp?id=308 |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Estimates produced bi the [[Office for National Statistics]] indicate that the five mucklemaist furren-born groups bidin in Lunnon in the period Julie 2009 tae Juin 2010 war those born in [[Indie]], Poland, the Republic o Ireland, Bangladesh an [[Nigerie]].<ref name=Estimates>{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/population-by-country-o-birth-and-nationality-jul09-jun10.zip |title=Table 1.4: Estimated population resident in the United Kingdom, by foreign country o birth, July 2009 tae June 2010 |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=7 March 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo12D272?url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/population-by-country-of-birth-and-nationality-jul09-jun10.zip |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=dead }} figur given is the central estimate. See the source for 95 per cent [[confidence interval]]s.</ref> ===Releegion=== {{Main|Releegion in Lunnon}} {{bar box |title=[[Releegion in Lunnon|Releegion in Lunnon (2011 census)]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-286262 |title=2011 Census, Key Statistics for Local Authorities in England and Wales |publisher=Ons.gov.uk |date=11 December 2012 |accessdate=4 May 2013 |archive-date=2016-01-05 |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-286262 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |titlebar=#ddd |left1=Religion |right1=Percent(%) |float=left |bars= {{bar percent|[[Christianity|Christian]]|purple|48.4}} {{bar percent|[[Irreleegion|No releegion]]|violet|20.7}} {{bar percent|[[Islam|Muslim]]|Green|12.4}} {{bar percent|Undeclared|black|8.5}} {{bar percent|[[Hinduism|Hindu]]|Orange|5.0}} {{bar percent|[[Jewish]]|Blue|1.8}} {{bar percent|[[Sikhism|Sikh]]|yellow|1.5}} {{bar percent|[[Buddhism|Buddhist]]|Gold|1.0}} {{bar percent|Ither|grey|0.6}} }} Accordin tae the [[2011 UK Census|2011 Census]], the mucklemaist releegious groupins are [[Christianity|Christians]] (48.4 per cent), follaed bi those o [[Irreleegion|no releegion]] (20.7 per cent), [[Islam|Muslims]] (12.4 per cent), nae reponse (8.5 per cent), [[Hinduism|Hindus]] (5.0 per cent), [[Judaism|Jews]] (1.8 per cent), [[Sikhism|Sikhs]] (1.5 per cent), [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] (1.0 per cent) an ither (0.6 per cent). Lunnon haes tradeetionally been Christian, an haes a [[Leet o kirks in Lunnon|hantle o kirks]], parteecularly in the Ceety o Lunnon. The well-kent [[St Paul's Cathedral]] in the Ceety an [[Southwark Cathedral]] sooth o the river are [[Anglicanism|Anglican]] admeenistrative centres,<ref name=Lunnon_096>{{cite web|url=http://www.stpauls.co.uk/page.aspx?theLang=001lngdef&pointerid=97320F44yHMK9hndcXZBD5sVH4m52Yc0|title=About Saint Paul's Cathedral|publisher=Dean an Chapter St Paul's|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080407082352/http://www.stpauls.co.uk/page.aspx?theLang=001lngdef&pointerid=97320F44yHMK9hndcXZBD5sVH4m52Yc0|archivedate=2008-04-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> while the [[Archbishop o Canterbury]], principal bishop o the [[Krik o Ingland]] an warldwide [[Anglican Communion]], haes his main residence at [[Lambeth Palace]] in the [[Lunnon Borough o Lambeth]].<ref name=Lunnon_097>{{cite web|url=http://www.lambethpalacelibrary.org/|title=Lambeth Palace Library|publisher=Lambeth Palace Library|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo12b6iD?url=http://www.lambethpalacelibrary.org/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> Important national an royal ceremonies are shared atween [[St Paul's Cathedral|St Paul's]] an [[Westminster Abbey]].<ref name=Lunnon_098>{{cite web|url=http://www.westminster-abbey.org/|title=Westminster Abbey|publisher=Dean an Chapter o Westminster|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo12pvY3?url=http://www.westminster-abbey.org/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> The Abbey is nae tae be confused wi nearby [[Westminster Cathedral]], that is the mucklemaist [[Roman Catholic]] cathedral in [[England an Wales]].<ref name=Lunnon_099>{{cite web|url=http://www.westminstercathedral.org.uk/home.html|title=West Minster Cathedral|publisher=Westminster Cathedral|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080327041736/http://www.westminstercathedral.org.uk/home.html|archivedate=2008-03-27|url-status=dead}}</ref> Despite the prevalence o Anglican kirks, observance is verra laich wiin the Anglican denomination. Kirk attendance continues on a lang, slaw, steady decline, accordin tae Kirk o Ingland statistics.<ref name=Lunnon_100>{{Cite journal |url=http://www.cofe.anglican.org/info/statistics/2007provisionalattendance.pdf |title=Church o England Statistics |publisher=Church o England |accessdate=6 June 2008 |ref=harv |journal= |archive-date=2014-07-09 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20140709133529/http://www.churchofengland.org/about-us/facts-stats.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:St Paul's Cathedral, 26 August 2012 (2).jpg|thumb|right|[[St Paul's Cathedral]]]] Lunnon is hame tae sizeable [[Muslim]], [[Hindu]], [[Sikh]], an [[Jewish]] commonties an aw. Notable mosques include the [[East Lunnon Mosque]] in Touer Hamlets, [[Lunnon Central Mosque]] on the edge o [[Regent's Park]] an the [[Baitul Futuh]] Mosque o the [[Ahmadiyya Muslim Community]]. Follaein the ile boom, increasin nummers o wealthy Hindus an [[Middle-East]]ren Muslims hae based themselves aroond [[Mayfair]] an [[Knightsbridge]] in Wast Lunnon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sikhchic.com/history/sikhbritons_second_wealthiest_government_report|title=sikhchic.com - The Art and Culture o the Diaspora - Sikh-Britons Second Wealthiest: Government Report|work=sikhchic.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.politics.co.uk/comment-analysis/2013/03/14/comment-british-sikhs-are-the-best-example-o-cultural-integ|title=Comment: British Sikhs are the best insample o cultural integration|work=politics.co.uk}}{{Dead link|date=February 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_102>{{cite web |url= http://www.standard.co.uk/news/the-300-billion-arabs-are-coming-6890813.html |author= Bill, Peter |title= The $300&nbsp;billion Arabs are coming |work= Lunnon Evening Standard |date= 29 May 2008 |accessdate= 3 July 2013 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yo15MyJm?url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23488244-the-300-billion-arabs-are-coming.do |archivedate= 2011-05-19 |url-status= live }}</ref> Thare muckle Muslim commonties in the eastren boroughs o [[Lunnon Borough o Touer Hamlets|Touer Hamlets]] an [[Lunnon Borough o Newham|Newham]].<ref>[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211026 Census 2001 Key Statistics, Local Authorities in England and Wales] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719020954/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211026 |date=2012-07-19 }} Office for National Statistics</ref> lairge Hindu communities are in the north-wastren boroughs o [[Lunnon Borough o Harrow|Harrow]] an [[Lunnon Borough o Brent|Brent]]; the latter is hame tae Europe's mucklemaist [[Hindu temple]], [[Neasden Temple]].<ref name=Lunnon_103>{{cite web |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2005/05/19/hindu_london_feature.shtml |title= Hindu London |date= 6 June 2005 |publisher= BBC Lunnon |accessdate= 3 June 2006 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20060218161357/http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2005/05/19/hindu_london_feature.shtml |archivedate= 2006-02-18 |url-status= live }}</ref> Lunnon is hame tae 42 Hindu temples. Thare are Sikh communities in East an West Lunnon, parteecularly in Southall, hame tae ane o the mucklemaist Sikh populations an the mucklemaist Sikh temple ootside Indie.<ref name=Lunnon_104>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2898761.stm |title=£17&nbsp;m Sikh temple opens |date=30 March 2003 |work=BBC News |accessdate=7 June 2008 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo18FMYP?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2898761.stm |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> The majority o [[Breetish Jews]] live in Lunnon, wi signeeficant Jewish commonties in [[Stamford Hill]], [[Stanmore]], [[Golders Green]], [[Finchley]], [[Hampstead]], [[Hendon]] an [[Edgware]] in [[North Lunnon]]. [[Bevis Marks Synagogue]] in the [[Ceety o Lunnon]] is affiliatit tae Lunnon's heestoric [[Sephardic]] Jewish commonty. It is the anly synagogue in Europe that haes held regular services continuously for ower 300 year. [[Stanmore an Canons Pairk Synagogue]] haes the mucklemaist membership o ony single Orthodox synagogue in the whole o Europe, owertakin [[Ilford]] synagogue (in Lunnon an aa) in 1998.<ref name=Lunnon_106>{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishagency.org/JewishAgency/English/Israel/Partnerships/Regions/Kavimut/Britain+Communities/Stanmore+11.htm |publisher=The Jewish Agency for Israel |title=Stanmore |accessdate=12 October 2008 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo18Qcmw?url=http://www.jewishagency.org/JewishAgency/English/Israel/Partnerships/Regions/Kavimut/Britain+Communities/Stanmore+11.htm |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> The commonity set up the [[unnon Jewish Forum]] in 2006 in response tae the growin signeeficance o devolved Lunnon Govrenment.<ref name=Lunnon_107>{{cite news |last=Paul |first=Jonny |date=10 December 2006 |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/jpost/access/1178443551.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Dec+10%2C+2006&author=JONNY+PAUL%2C+Jerusalem+Post+correspondent&pub=Jerusalem+Post&edition=&startpage=05&desc=Livingstone+apologizes+to+UK+Jews |title=Livingstone apologizes tae UK's Jews |newspaper=The Jerusalem Post |accessdate=5 February 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo19jSJq?url=http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1164881856232 |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Accent=== Thare are mony accents that are tradeetionally thocht on as Lunnon accents. The maist weel kent o the Lunnon accents lang syne acquired the [[Cockney]] label, that is haurd baith in Lunnon itself, an athort the wider [[South East England]] region mair generally.<ref>"Cracking Up!". p. 178. Lulu.com</ref> The accent o a 21st-century 'Lunnoner' varies widely; what is becomin mair an mair common amongst the unner-30s houiver is some fusion o Cockney wi a whole array o 'ethnic' accents, in parteecular [[Caribbean]], that form an accent labelled [[Multicultural Lunnon English]] (MLE).<ref name="MCLE">{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/jafaican-and-tikkiny-drown-out-the-east-ends-cockney-twang-473688.html|title=Jafaican and Tikkiny drown out the East End's Cockney twang|first=Jonathan|last=Brown|work=[[The Independent]]|location=Lunnon|date=11 April 2006|accessdate=22 August 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK682mq?url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/jafaican-and-tikkiny-drown-out-the-east-ends-cockney-twang-473688.html|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref> The ither widely heard an spoken accent is RP ([[Received Pronunciation]]) in various forms, that can aften be haurd in the media an mony o ither traditional professions an ayont this area, tho this accent isnae leemitit tae Lunnon an South East England, an can be haurd selectively atouer the hale UK amang certaint social groupins. ==Economy== {{Main|Economy o Lunnon|Media in Lunnon}} [[File:The City London.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The [[City o Lunnon]] is ane o the lairgest financial centres in the warld.<ref name="Mastercard" /><ref name="forbes.com" />]] Lunnon generates aboot 20 per cent o [[Economy o the Unitit Kinrick|the UK's GDP]]<ref name="Lunnon's place in economy">{{cite web |url=http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/2CAE66FB-2DD5-41A5-B916-8FFC37276059/0/BC_RS_lpuk_0511_FR.pdf |title=London's place in the UK economy, 2005–06 |publisher=City o Lunnon |accessdate=11 March 2008 |archive-date=2006-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060525075622/http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/2CAE66FB-2DD5-41A5-B916-8FFC37276059/0/BC_RS_lpuk_0511_FR.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> (or $446&nbsp;billion in 2005); while the economy o the [[Lunnon metropolitan area]]—[[Leet o ceeties by GDP#Europe, Western|the lairgest in Europe]]—generates aboot 30 per cent o the UK's GDP (or an estimatit $669&nbsp;billion in 2005).<ref name=Lunnon_109>{{cite web|url=http://www.iaurif.org/en/doc/studies/cahiers/cahier_135/pdf/073-85.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624195153/http://www.iaurif.org/en/doc/studies/cahiers/cahier_135/pdf/073-85.pdf|archivedate=2008-06-24|title=The Economic Positioning of Metropolitan Areas in North Western Europe|date=December 2002|publisher=The Institute for Urban Planning an Development o the Paris Île-de-France Region|accessdate=27 August 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lunnon is ane o the pre-eminent financial centres o the warld an vies wi New York ceety as the maist important location for international finance.<ref name="economist1">{{Cite news |title=After the fall |work=[[The Economist]] |date=29 November 2007 |location=Lunnon |url=http://www.economist.com/finance/displaystory.cfm?story_id=E1_TDNDRPTT |accessdate=15 May 2009 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1CAPd8?url=http://www.economist.com/finance/displaystory.cfm?story_id=E1_TDNDRPTT |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="economist2">{{Cite news |url=http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9753240 |title=Financial Centres&nbsp;— Magnets for money |date=13 September 2007 |work=The Economist |location=Lunnon |accessdate=15 May 2009 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1CVVgP?url=http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9753240 |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> Lunnon's lairgest industry is finance, an its [[financial export]]s mak it a lairge contributor tae the UK's [[balance o payments]]. Aroond 325,000 fowk wis employed in financial services in Lunnon til mid-2007. Lunnon haes ower 480 owerseas banks, mair nor ony ither ceety in the warld. Ower 85 percent (3.2&nbsp;million) o the employed population o greater Lunnon works in the services industries. Acause o its prominent global role, Lunnon's economy haed been affectit bi the [[Late-2000s financial crisis]]. Housamiver, by 2010 the ceety haes recovered; pit in place new regulatory powers, proceedit tae regain lost ground an re-established Lunnon's economic parity wi New York.<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/21/business/global/21rglofinuk.html?_r=0</ref> The [[City o Lunnon]] is home tae the [[Bank o England]], [[Lunnon Stock Exchange]], an [[Lloyd's o Lunnon]] insurance mercat. Ower hauf o the UK's tap 100 listit companies (the [[FTSE 100]]) an ower 100 o Europe's 500 lairgest companies hae thair headquarters in central Lunnon. Ower 70 per cent o the FTSE 100 are athin Lunnon's metropolitan area, an 75 per cent o [[Fortune 500]] companies hae offices in Lunnon.<ref name=Lunnon_113>{{cite web|url=http://www.londonstockexchange.com/en-gb/|title=London Stock Exchange|year=2008|publisher=Lunnon Stock Exchange plc.|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1FWjWx?url=http://www.londonstockexchange.com/en-gb/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Canary-wharf-one.jpg|thumb|right|[[Canary Wharf]] is ane o the biggest financial centres in Europe an is hame tae some o the [[Leet o tallest biggins in the Unitit Kinrick|UK's tallest biggins]].]] Alang wi [[professional services]], media companies are [[Media in Lunnon|concentratit in Lunnon]] an the media distribution industry is Lunnon's seicont maist competitive sector.<ref name=Lunnon_114>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/2CAE66FB-2DD5-41A5-B916-8FFC37276059/0/BC_RS_lpuk_0511_FR.pdf |title=London's Place in the UK Economy, 2005–6 |date=November 2005 |work=Oxford Economic Forecasting on behalf o the Corporation o Lunnon |page=19 |accessdate=19 June 2006 |archive-date=2006-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060525075622/http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/2CAE66FB-2DD5-41A5-B916-8FFC37276059/0/BC_RS_lpuk_0511_FR.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[BBC]] is a significant employer, while ither broadcasters hae heidquarters aroond the ceety an aa. Mony [[Leet o newspapers in the Unitit Kinrick|naitional newspapers]] are editit in Lunnon. Lunnon is a major retail centre an in 2010 haed the heichest non-food retail sales o ony ceety in the warld, wi a tot spend o aroond £64.2&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/02/17/uk-retail-major-cities-idUKLNE71G00420110217|title=London tops world cities spending league|accessdate=29 April 2011|agency=Reuters|date=17 February 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1FVjQo?url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/02/17/uk-retail-major-cities-idUKLNE71G00420110217|archivedate=2011-05-19|first=Mark|last=Potter|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Port o Lunnon]] is the seicont-lairgest in the Unitit Kinrick, handlin 45&nbsp;million [[tonne]]s o cargo ilka year.<ref name=handling/> Lunnon haes five major business destricts: the ceety, Westminster, Canary Wharf, Camden & Islington an Lambeth & Southwark. One wey tae get an idea o thair relative importance is tae leuk at relative amounts o office space: Greater Lunnon haed 27&nbsp;million m² o office space in 2001, an the ceety conteens the maist space, wi 8&nbsp;million m² o office space. Lunnon haes some o the heichest real estate prices in the warld.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/constructionandproperty/2784634/Highgate-trumps-Chelsea-as-priciest-postcode.html | location=Lunnon | work=The Daily Telegraph | first=Felix | last=Lowe | title=Highgate trumps Chelsea as priciest postcode | date=19 February 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.forbes.com/2007/12/11/postcodes-uk-expensive-forbeslife-cx_po_1212realestate.html | work=Forbes | title=U.K.'s Most Expensive Postcodes | date=12 December 2007}}</ref> A growin nummer o technology companies are based in Lunnon notably in [[East Lunnon Tech ceety]], forby kent as Silicon Roundabout. In Aprile 2014, the ceety wis amang the first tae receive a [[geoTLD]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mydotlondon.com/domain-availability/|title=Availability|work=mydotLunnon.com|access-date=2015-06-04|archive-date=2014-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202113544/http://mydotlondon.com/domain-availability/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In Februar 2014 Lunnon wis ranked as the European ceety o the Future <ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.londonandpartners.com/media-centre/press-releases/2014/london-named-as-european-city-of-the-future | location=Lunnon | work=Lunnon&Partners | title=London named as European City of the Future | date=17 February 2014 | access-date=2015-06-04 | archive-date=2018-06-25 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625162127/http://www.londonandpartners.com/media-centre/press-releases/2014/london-named-as-european-city-of-the-future | url-status=dead }}</ref> in the 2014/15 leet by [[FDi Magazine]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.fdiintelligence.com/Locations/Europe/European-Cities-and-Regions-of-the-Future-2014-15 | location=Lunnon | work=fDiIntelligence.com | title=European Cities and Regions of the Future 2014/15 | date=17 February 2014 | access-date=2015-06-04 | archive-date=2014-11-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112110111/http://www.fdiintelligence.com/Locations/Europe/European-Cities-and-Regions-of-the-Future-2014-15 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Lunnon haes the heichest property prices o ony European ceety accordin tae the Office for National Statistics an the European Office o Statistics.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citymayors.com/statistics/uk-european-cities.html|title=City Mayors: UK and European cities compared|work=citymayors.com}}</ref> On average the price per squerr metre in central Lunnon is €24,252 (Aprile 2014). This is higher than the property prices in ither G8 European caipital ceeties; Berlin €3,306, Rome €6,188 an Paris €11,229.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpropertyguide.com/Europe/United-Kingdom/square-meter-prices|title=Price per Square Meter United Kingdom - British Cost per Square Meter|author=Global Property Guide|work=Global Property Guide}}</ref> The gas an electricity distribution networks that manage an operate the touers, cables an pressure systems that deliver energy tae consumers athort the ceety are managed by [[National Grid plc]], [[SGN (company)|SGN]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Gas distributors|url=https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/gas/distribution-networks/gb-gas-distribution-network|website=www.ofgem.gov.uk/|accessdate=15 September 2014}}</ref> an [[UK Power Networks]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Electricity distributor|url=http://www2.nationalgrid.com/uk/Our-company/electricity/Distribution-Network-Operator-Companies/|website=www2.nationalgrid.com/|accessdate=15 September 2014|archive-date=2014-09-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140914184550/http://www2.nationalgrid.com/uk/Our-company/electricity/Distribution-Network-Operator-Companies/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Tourism=== {{Main|Tourism in Lunnon}} [[File:British Museum from NE 2 (cropped).JPG|thumb|250pg|The British Museum]] Lunnon is a popular centre for [[Tourism in Lunnon|tourism]], ane o its prime industries, employin the equivalent o 350,000 fou-time workers in 2003,<ref name=Lunnon_117>{{cite web|url=http://www.personneltoday.com/articles/2005/02/15/27958/london-is-the-hr-centre-of-opportunity-in-the-uk.html|title=London is the HR centre of opportunity in the UK|date=15 February 2005|publisher=PersonnelToday.com|accessdate=3 June 2006|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1GNS8r?url=http://www.personneltoday.com/articles/2005/02/15/27958/london-is-the-hr-centre-of-opportunity-in-the-uk.html|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> while annual expenditure by tourists is aroond £15&nbsp;billion.<ref name=Lunnon_118>"{{cite web |url= http://www.visitlondon.com/uploads/8551importanceoflondon_2004jun.pdf |title= The Importance of Tourism in London |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070628053808/http://www.visitlondon.com/uploads/8551importanceoflondon_2004jun.pdf |archivedate= 2007-06-28 |ref= harv |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= live }}", Visit Lunnon. Retrieved 3 June 2006.</ref> Lunnon attracks ower 14&nbsp;million international visitors a year; that gars it Europe's maist visitit ceety.<ref name=EuromonitorCityRanking>{{cite web|url=http://blog.euromonitor.com/2012/01/euromonitor-internationals-top-city-destinations-ranking1-.html|title=Euromonitor International's Top 100 City Destinations Ranking |publisher=Euromonitor International|date=10 January 2012|accessdate=25 February 2012}}</ref> Lunnon attracts 27&nbsp;million overnicht-stay visitors every year.<ref name="Lunnon 101">"{{cite web |url= http://corporate.visitlondon.com/ems/downloads/8112london101.pdf |title= London 101: One Hundred and One Amazing Facts About London |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070628053808/http://corporate.visitlondon.com/ems/downloads/8112london101.pdf |archivedate= 2007-06-28 |ref= harv |publisher= Visit Lunnon |access-date= 2015-06-04 |url-status= dead }}</ref> In 2010 the ten maist-visitit attractions in Lunnon war:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visitlondon.com/attractions/culture/top-ten-attractions |title=Top 10 London Attractions |publisher=Visit Lunnon |date=1 April 2011 |accessdate=26 April 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1Gbp7Y?url=http://www.visitlondon.com/attractions/culture/top-ten-attractions |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> # [[British Museum]] # [[Tate Modern]] # [[National Gallery]] # [[Natural History Museum, Lunnon|Natural History Museum]] # [[Imperial War Museum]] # [[Science Museum (Lunnon)|Science Museum]] # [[Victoria an Albert Museum]] # [[Madame Tussauds]] # [[National Maritime Museum]] # [[Tower o Lunnon]] ===Housing crisis=== {{Main|Affordability o housing in the Unitit Kinrick}} Thousans o faimlies athoot hames fin thairsels stuck in emergency accommodation for at least twa year.<ref>{{cite news |title=Housing shortage leaves homeless families 'stuck' in hostels for two years |url= http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/housing-shortage-leaves-homeless-families-stuck-in-hostels-for-two-years-9652684.html |newspaper=The Independent |location= Lunnon |date= 6 August 2014 |author= Emily Dugan |accessdate=11 August 2014}}</ref> A growthe in the nummer o UK households haes led tae the homeless charity [[Shelter (charity)|Shelter]] statin: "This growth is a result o people livin langer, mair fowk livin on thair lanesomes or in weeer hoosehauds, an net migration."<ref>{{cite web |title= Immigration and housing |url= http://england.shelter.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/132030/Factsheet_Immigration_and_housing.pdf |publisher= Shelter |page= 9 |access-date= 2015-06-04 |archive-date= 2014-11-28 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141128122805/http://england.shelter.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/132030/Factsheet_Immigration_and_housing.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> ==Transport== {{Main|Transport in Lunnon|Infrastructure in Lunnon}} [[File:Black London Cab.jpg|right|thumb|A black Lunnon taxi, forbye kent as a [[hackney carriage]].]] Transport is ane o the fower main area o policy administered bi the Mayor o Lunnon,<ref name=Lunnon_121>{{cite web|url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/|title=Transport for London|publisher=Transport for Lunnon|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5msa508h4?url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/|archivedate=2010-01-18|url-status=live}}</ref> houiver the mayor's financial control disnae extend tae the langer distance rail network that enters Lunnon. In 2007 he assumed responsibility for some local lines, that nou form the [[Lunnon Overground]] network, adding tae the existin responsibility for the Lunnon Unnergrund, trams an buses. The public transport network is administered by [[Transport for Lunnon]] (TfL) an is ane o the priceymaist in the warld. The lines that formed the Lunnon Unnergrund, as weel as trams an buses, became pairt o an integratit transport system in 1933 when the [[Lunnon Passenger Transport Board]] or ''[[Lunnon Transport (brand)|Lunnon Transport]]'' wis creatit. Transport for Lunnon is nou the statutory corporation responsible for maist aspects o the transport system in Greater Lunnon, an is run by a board an a commissioner appyntit bi the [[Mayor o Lunnon]].<ref name=stat_tfl>{{cite web|url=http://www.london.gov.uk/help/faq.jsp#transport|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019055413/http://www.london.gov.uk/help/faq.jsp#transport|archivedate=2007-10-19|title=How do I find out about transport in London?|publisher=Greater Lunnon Authority|accessdate=5 June 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Aviation=== {{Main|Airports o Lunnon}} [[File:Heathrow Terminal 5C Iwelumo-1.jpg|thumb|[[Lunnon Heathrow Airport]] is the busiest airport in the UK an Europe as well as the seicont busiest in the warld for international passenger traffic. ([[Lunnon Heathrow Terminal 5|Terminal 5]]C is pictured]] Lunnon is a major international air transport hub wi the lairgest ceety airspace in the warld.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}} Aicht airports uise the wird ''Lunnon'' in thair name, but maist traffic passes throu sax o thir. [[Lunnon Heathrow Airport]], in [[Lunnon Borough o Hillingdon|Hillingdon]], West Lunnon, is the [[World's busiest airport|busiest airport in the warld]] for international traffic, an is the major hub o the naition's banner carrier, [[British Airways]].<ref name=Lunnon_135>{{cite web|url=http://www.heathrowairport.com/|title=BAA Heathrow: Official Website|publisher=BAA|accessdate=27 April 2008|archive-date=2011-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221195656/http://www.heathrowairport.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In Mairch 2008 its fift terminal wis opened.<ref name=Lunnon_137>{{cite web|url=http://www.heathrow-airport-uk.info/heathrow-airport-terminal-5.htm|title=Heathrow Airport Terminal 5|publisher=TMC Ltd|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1I83JE?url=http://www.heathrow-airport-uk.info/heathrow-airport-terminal-5.htm|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> Thare war plans for a third runway an a sixth terminal houiver thir war cancelled bi the [[Unitit Kinrick coalition government (2010–present)|Coalition Government]] on 12 Mey 2010.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8678282.stm |title=Heathrow runway plans scrapped by new government |work=BBC News |date=12 May 2010 |accessdate=30 January 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1J2Xuu?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8678282.stm |archivedate=2011-05-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> Similar traffic, wi some [[Low-cost carrier|cheap]] [[short-haul]] flights, is forbye handled at [[Gatwick Airport]], sooth o Lunnon in [[West Sussex]].<ref name=Lunnon_139>{{cite web|url=http://www.gatwickairport.com/|title=BAA Gatwick: Gatwick Airport|publisher=BAA|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1JBGRX?url=http://www.gatwickairport.com/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Lunnon Stanstit Airport|Stanstit Airport]], north east o Lunnon in [[Essex]], is a local UK hub an [[Lunnon Luton Airport|Luton Airport]] tae the north o Lunnon in [[Bedfordshire]], caters maistly for cheap short-haul flights.<ref name=Lunnon_140>{{cite book|url=http://www.stanstedairport.com/|title=BAA Stansted : Stansted Airport|year=2008|publisher=BAA|accessdate=27 April 2008|isbn=978-0-86039-476-1|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1JkALo?url=http://www.stanstedairport.com/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_141>{{cite book|url=http://www.london-luton.co.uk/en/|title=London Luton Airport|publisher=Lunnon Luton Airport|accessdate=27 April 2008|isbn=978-0-11-510256-1|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1KGPZQ?url=http://www.london-luton.co.uk/en/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Lunnon ceety Airport]], the weeest an maist central airport, in [[Lunnon Borough o Newham|Newham]], East Lunnon, is focused on business travellers, wi a mixtur o fou service short-haul schedult flichts an considerable [[business jet]] traffic.<ref name=Lunnon_142>{{cite web|url=http://www.londoncityairport.com/Default.aspx|title=London City Airport&nbsp;— Corporate Information|publisher=Lunnon ceety Airport Ltd.|accessdate=6 June 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1Kyrhl?url=http://www.londoncityairport.com/Default.aspx|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Lunnon Southend Airport]], east o Lunnon in [[Essex]], is a smawer, regional airport that mainly caters for cheap short-haul flights. The [[Airports Commission]] is due tae report in Summer 2015 on future expansion o airport capacity. ===Rail=== ====Underground an DLR==== [[File:Baker Street tube station MMB 19 S Stock.jpg|thumb|The [[Lunnon Unnergrund]] is the warld's auldest an seicont-langest [[rapid transit]] system]] The [[Lunnon Unnergrund]], commonly referred tae as the Tube, is the auldest<ref name="Metro">{{Cite book |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/modesoftransport/londonunderground/1604.aspx |title=London Underground: History|author=Transport for Lunnon |accessdate=30 December 2012|isbn=978-0-904711-30-1 |ref=harv }}</ref> an seicont langest<ref name="railwaygazette.com"/> [[rapid transit|metro]] system in the warld. The system serves 270 [[metro station|stations]]<ref name="facts">{{Cite journal |title=Key facts |publisher=Transport for Lunnon |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/modesoftransport/londonunderground/1608.aspx |accessdate=15 October 2009 |ref=harv }}</ref> an wis formed frae several private companies, includin the warld's first unnerground electric line, the [[City an South Lunnon Railway]].<ref name="UrbanRail">{{cite book|url=http://de.geocities.com/u_london/london.htm|title=London Underground|last=Schwandl|first=Robert|year=2001|publisher=UrbanRail.net|accessdate=24 September 2006|isbn=978-3-936573-01-5|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006013919/http://de.geocities.com/u_london/london.htm|archivedate=2006-10-06|url-status=dead}}</ref> It dates frae 1863. Ower three million journeys is made ilk a day on the Underground network, ower 1&nbsp;billion ilk a year.<ref name=Lunnon_124>{{cite press release |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/static/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/7103.html |title=Tube breaks record for passenger numbers |publisher=Transport for Lunnon |date=27 December 2007 |accessdate=5 February 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoJy1HWj?url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/static/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/7103.html |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> An investment programme is attemptin tae reduce congestion an impruive reliability, includin £6.5&nbsp;billion (€7.7&nbsp;billion) spent afore the [[2012 Summer Olympics]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The London 2012 legacy |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/projectsandschemes/25869.aspx|publisher=Transport for Lunnon |accessdate= 11 August 2013}}</ref> The [[Docklands Light Railway]], that opened in 1987, is a seicont, mair local metro system uisin smawer an lighter tram-teep vehicles that serve [[Lunnon Docklands|Docklands]] an [[Greenwich]]. ====Suburban==== [[File:King's Cross Western Concourse.jpg|thumb|[[Keeng's Cross railway station]] Western Concourse]] Thare are 366 [[railway stations]] in the [[Lunnon fare zones|Lunnon Travelcard Zones]] on an extensive abuin-ground suburban railway network. South Lunnon, parteecularly, haes a heich concentration o railways as it haes fewer Underground lines. Maist rail lines terminate aroond the centre o Lunnon, running intae [[Lunnon station group|eighteen terminal stations]], cep for the [[Thameslink]] trains connecting [[Bedford]] in the north an [[Brighton]] in the sooth via [[Lunnon Luton Airport|Luton]] an [[Gatwick Airport|Gatwick]] airports.<ref name="Lunnon_127">{{cite web |url=http://www.firstcapitalconnect.co.uk/Main.php?sEvent=HomePage |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5nDd2BCwh?url=http://www.firstcapitalconnect.co.uk/Main.php?sEvent=HomePage |archivedate=2010-02-01 |title=First Capital Connect |publisher=First Capital Connect |accessdate=27 April 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lunnon haes Britain's busiest station&nbsp;by nummer o passengers – [[Lunnon Waterloo station|Waterloo]], wi ower 184&nbsp;million people uisin the interchange station complex (whilk includes [[Lunnon Waterloo East railway station|Waterloo East]] station) ilka year.<ref name="National Rail Station Usage">{{cite web |url= http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/nav.1529 |title= Rail Station Usage |publisher= Office o Rail Regulation |accessdate= 24 October 2009 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5QO6kHRpk?url=http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/nav.1529 |archivedate= 2007-07-17 |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name="Tube exits">{{cite web |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tfl/corporate/modesoftransport/tube/performance/default.asp?onload=entryexit |title=Tube exits |publisher=Transport for Lunnon |accessdate=24 October 2009 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5QW719FI3?url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tfl/corporate/modesoftransport/tube/performance/default.asp?onload=entryexit |archivedate=2007-07-22 |url-status=live }}</ref> {{rws|Clapham Junction}} is the busiest station in Europe bi the nummer o trains passing. Wi the need for mair rail capacity in Lunnon, [[Crossrail]] is due tae open in 2018. It will be a new railway line runnin east tae wast throu Lunnon an intae the [[Home Counties]] wi a branch tae [[Heathrow Airport]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.crossrail.co.uk/route/maps/regional-map |title=Crossrail Regional Map |publisher= Crossrail |accessdate=8 September 2013}}</ref> It is Europe's biggest construction project, wi a £15 billion projectit cost.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-16289051 |work=BBC News |title= Crossrail's giant tunnelling machines unveiled |date=2 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url= http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/crossrail-delayed-to-save-1631bn-2064629.html |newspaper=The Independent on Sunday |location= Lunnon |title= Crossrail delayed tae save £1bn |date=29 August 2010 |first= Mark |last= Leftly}}</ref> ====Inter-city an international==== [[File:St Pancras railway station MMB B9 373213.jpg|thumb|[[St Pancras railway station]] is the main terminal for heich speed [[Eurostar]] an [[HS1]] services, as well as suburban [[Thameslink]] an [[East Midlands Trains]] services.]] Lunnon is the centre o the [[National Rail]] network, wi 70 percent o rail journeys stairtin or endin in Lunnon.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rail|url=http://londonfirst.co.uk/our-focus/londons-transport-infrastructure/rail/|work=Lunnon First|publisher=Lunnon First|accessdate=5 April 2014|archive-date=2014-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407083946/http://londonfirst.co.uk/our-focus/londons-transport-infrastructure/rail/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lik suburban rail services, regional an inter-ceety trains depart frae several termini aroon the ceety centre, linkin Lunnon wi the rest o Britain includin [[Cambridge]], [[Bristol]], [[Cardiff]], [[Exeter]], [[Birmingham]], [[Holyhead]], [[Sheffield]], [[Southampton]], [[Leeds]], [[Manchester]], [[Newcastle-upon-Tyne]], [[Edinburgh]] an [[Glasgow]]. Some international railway services tae [[Continental Europe]] wis operatit during the 20t century as [[boat train]]s, lik the ''[[Admiraal de Ruijter (train)|Admiraal de Ruijter]]'' tae [[Amsterdam]] an the ''[[Night Ferry]]'' tae Paris an Brussels. The openin o the [[Channel Tunnel]] in 1994 connectit Lunnon directly tae the continental rail network, allouin [[Eurostar]] services tae begin. Syne 2007, heich-speed trains link [[St Pancras railway station|St. Pancras International]] wi [[Lille]], [[Paris]], [[Brussels]] an European tourist destinations via the [[High Speed 1]] rail link an the [[Channel Tunnel]].<ref name=Lunnon_128>{{cite web |url=http://www.eurostar.com/dynamic/index.jsp;ERSPRDSession=LJqZB7nyKlW9lVLvZzK534LvMjL519fPDS4R0QGn51CprylVmjH8!685848002 |title=Eurostar |publisher=Eurostar |accessdate=6 June 2008 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoJz4xiY?url=http://www.eurostar.com/dynamic/index.jsp;ERSPRDSession=LJqZB7nyKlW9lVLvZzK534LvMjL519fPDS4R0QGn51CprylVmjH8!685848002 |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The first [[Southeastern (train operating company)|heich-speed domestic]] trains stairtit in Juin 2009 linking [[Kent]] tae Lunnon.<ref name="Southeastern Highspeed">{{cite web |url=http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/highspeed/ |title=Highspeed |publisher=Southeastern |accessdate=5 February 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoJzQVXK?url=http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/highspeed/ |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Thare plans for a [[High Speed 2|seicont heich speed line]] linkin Lunnon tae the Midlands, North West England, an Yorkshire. ====Freight==== Awtho [[rail freight]] levels are far doun compared tae thair heicht, significant quantities o cargo are forby carried intae an oot o Lunnon by rail; chiefly biggin materials an [[landfill]] waste.<ref name="Freight Plan">August 2007, [https://www.tfl.gov.uk/cdn/static/cms/documents/rail-freight-strategy-aug-2007.pdf Rail Freight Strategy], [[Lunnon Rail]]</ref> As a major hub o the British railway network, Lunnon's tracks forby cairy lairge amounts o freight for the ither regions, sic as [[containerisation|container freight]] frae the Channel Tunnel an [[English Channel]] ports, an [[nuclear waste]] for [[nuclear reprocessing|reprocessing]] at [[Sellafield]].<ref name="Freight Plan"/> ===Buses an trams=== [[File:Arriva London bus DW262 (LJ59 GUA), 18 September 2010.jpg|thumb|The [[Lunnon buses|red double decker bus]] is an iconic seembol o Lunnon]] Lunnon's [[Lunnon Buses|bus network]] is ane o the lairgest in the warld, runnin 24 oor a day, wi aboot 8,500 buses, mair nor 700 bus routes an aroond 19,500 bus stops.<ref name="Buses">{{cite web|title=What we do – Buses|url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/about-tfl/what-we-do/buses|work=Transport for Lunnon|publisher=Transport for Lunnon|accessdate=5 April 2014}}</ref> In 2013, the network haed mair nor 2 billion commuter trips per annum, mair nor the Underground.<ref name="Buses"/> Aroond £850&nbsp;million is taen in revenue ilk a year. Lunnon haes the lairgest wheelchair accessible network in the warld<ref name=Lunnon_131>{{cite web|url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/static/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/3609.html|title=London's bus improvements get Parliamentary seal of approval|date=23 May 2006|publisher=Transport For Lunnon|accessdate=5 February 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1M9NgV?url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/static/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/3609.html|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> an, frae the 3rd quarter o 2007, becam mair accessible tae hearin- an sicht- impaired passengers as audio-visual announcements wis introduced. The distinctive reid [[double-decker bus]]es is a international recognised trademark o Lunnon transport alang wi [[Hackney carriage|black cabs]] an the Tube.<ref name=Lunnon_132>{{cite web |url= http://www.londonblackcabs.co.uk/ |title= London Black Cabs |publisher= Lunnon Black Cabs |accessdate= 27 April 2008 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1MLOHV?url=http://www.londonblackcabs.co.uk/ |archivedate= 2011-05-19 |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_133>{{cite web |url= http://www.tfl.gov.uk/modalpages/2625.aspx |title= Tube |publisher= [[Transport for Lunnon]] |accessdate= 27 April 2008 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yoJwfagc?url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/modalpages/2625.aspx |archivedate= 2011-05-20 |url-status= live }}</ref> Lunnon haes a modern tram network, kent as [[Tramlink]], centred on [[Croydon]] in [[South Lunnon]]. The network haes 39 stops an fower routes, an carried 28&nbsp;million bodies in 2013.<ref name=Trams>{{cite web|title=What we do – Trams|url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/about-tfl/what-we-do/tramlink|work=Transport for Lunnon|publisher=Transport for Lunnon|accessdate=5 April 2014}}</ref> Syne Juin 2008 [[Transport for Lunnon]] haes completely owned Tramlink, an it plans tae spend £54m by 2015 on maintenance, renewals, upgrades an capacity enhancements.<ref name=Lunnon_134>{{cite web |url= http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/tramlink-factsheet.pdf |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5o8t78IGj?url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/tramlink-factsheet.pdf |archivedate= 2010-03-11 |date= Summer 2009 |publisher= Transport for Lunnon |title= Tramlink Factsheet |accessdate= 19 February 2010 |url-status= live }}</ref> ===Cable car=== Lunnon's first an anly cable car, kent as the [[Emirates Air Line (cable car)|Emirates Air Line]], opened in Juin 2012. Crossin the [[River Thames]], linking [[Greenwich Peninsula]] an the [[Royal Docks]] in the east o the ceety, the cable car is integratit wi Lunnon's Oyster Card ticketing system. ===Cycling=== [[File:Blue, Yellow and Red Boris Bikes 2015-05-01.jpg|thumb|[[Santander Cycles|Cycle hire]] docking station|200x200px]] [[Cycling in Lunnon|Cycling]] is an increasingly popular wey tae get aroond Lunnon. The launch o [[Santander Cycles|a cycle hire scheme]] in Julie 2010 haes been successfu an generally weel received. The [[Lunnon Cycling Campaign]] lobbies for better provision.<ref name="Lunnon_122">{{cite web|url=http://www.lcc.org.uk/|title=London Cycling Campaign|date=20 November 2006|publisher=Rosanna Downes|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo1Hlskj?url=http://www.lcc.org.uk/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Port an river boats=== Frae bein the lairgest port in the warld, the [[Port o Lunnon]] is nou anly the seicont-lairgest in the Unitit Kinrick, handling 45 million tonnes o cargo each year.<ref name=handling>{{cite web |url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/statistics/datatablespublications/maritime/ports/provportstats2009 |title=ARCHIVED CONTENT&#93; Provisional Port Statistics 2009 |publisher=Department for Transport&nbsp;– Webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk |accessdate=26 April 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoJx5cho?url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/statistics/datatablespublications/maritime/ports/provportstats2009 |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> Most o this actually passes throu the [[Port o Tilbury]], ootside the boundary o Greater Lunnon. Lunnon haes frequent river boat services on the Thames kent as [[Thames Clippers]]. Thir run up tae every 20 minutes atween [[Embankment Pier]] an [[North Greenwich Pier]]. The [[Woolwich Ferry]], wi 2.5 million passengers every year,<ref>[http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/27762.aspx Transport for London: Woolwich Ferry, 50 years on] Retrieved 8 September 2013</ref> is a frequent service linking the [[North Circular Road|North]] an [[South Circular Road|South Circular]] Roads. Other operators run baith commuter an tourist boat services in Lunnon. ===Roads=== [[File:Rush hour on the A102 - geograph.org.uk - 205323.jpg|thumb|right|The [[A102 road|A102]], near [[Greenwich]]. This wis ane o the few routes proposed in the [[Lunnon Ringways|Ringways Plan]] wiin [[Inner Lunnon]] tae be biggit.]] Awtho the majority o journeys involvin central Lunnon are made bi public transport, car traivel is common in the suburbs. The [[Lunnon Inner Ring Road|inner ring road]] (aroond the ceety centre), the [[A406 road|North]] an [[A205 road|South Circular]] roads (in the suburbs), an the outer orbital [[motorway]] (the [[M25 motorway|M25]], athoot the biggit-up area) encircle the ceety an are intersectit by a nummer o busy radial routes—but verra few motorways penetrate intae [[inner Lunnon]]. A plan for a comprehensive network o motorways atouer the ceety (the [[Lunnon Ringways|Ringways Plan]]) wis prepared in the 1960s but wis maistly cancelt in the air 1970s. The M25 is the langest ring-road motorway in the warld at {{convert|121.5|mi|km|abbr=on}} long.<ref>Campbell, Ken (2000). "Guinness World Records 2001". p. 150.</ref><ref name=Lunnon_143>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/threecounties/travel/m25/m25_facts.shtml |title=Beds, Herts and Bucks Travel&nbsp;— All you need tae know about the M25 |publisher=BBC |date=17 August 1988 |accessdate=20 February 2010 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK0nLrV?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/threecounties/travel/m25/m25_facts.shtml |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[A1 road (Great Britain)|A1]] an [[M1 motorway|M1]] connect Lunnon tae [[Leeds]], an [[Newcastle upon Tyne|Newcastle]] an [[Edinburgh]]. Lunnon is notorious for its traffic congestion, wi the M25 motorway the busiest stretch in the kintra. The average speed o a car in the rush oor is {{convert|10.6|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Lunnon_147>{{cite news |accessdate=1 September 2009 |url=http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/mar/16/boris-johnson-congestion-charge |title=Boris Johnson mulls 'intelligent' congestion charge system for London |work=The Guardian |location=Lunnon |first=Hélène |last=Mulholland |date=16 March 2009 |ref=harv |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK1Mq9U?url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/mar/16/boris-johnson-congestion-charge |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2003, a [[Lunnon congestion charge|congestion charge]] wis introduced tae reduce traffic volumes in the ceety centre. Wi a few exceptions, motorists are required tae pey £10 a day tae drive wiin a defined zone encompassing a fair bit o central Lunnon.<ref name="Lunnon_144">{{Cite journal |url= http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tfl/roadusers/congestioncharge/whereandwhen/ |title= Charging Zone |publisher= Transport for Lunnon |accessdate= 7 June 2008 |ref= harv |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK0vSxb?url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tfl/roadusers/congestioncharge/whereandwhen/ |archivedate= 2011-05-20 |journal= |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name="Lunnon_145">{{cite web |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/roadusers/congestioncharging/6741.aspx |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080608124006/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/roadusers/congestioncharging/6741.aspx |archivedate=2008-06-08 |title=Who pays what |publisher=Transport for Lunnon |accessdate=7 June 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> Motorists wha is resident o the defined zone can buy a greatly reduced saison pass.<ref name="Lunnon_146">{{cite web |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/roadusers/congestioncharging/6735.aspx |title=Residents |publisher=Transport for Lunnon |accessdate=7 June 2008 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK17mHL?url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/roadusers/congestioncharging/6735.aspx |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> Lunnon government initially expectit the Congestion Charge Zone tae increase daily peak period Underground an bus users by 20,000 people, reduce road traffic bi 10 tae 15 per cent, increase traffic speeds by 10 tae 15 per cent, an reduce queues by 20 tae 30 per cent.<ref>Santos, Georgina; Button, Kenneth; Noll, Roger G. "Lunnon Congestion Charging/Comments." Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs. 15287084 (2008): 177,177–234.</ref> Ower the course o several years, the average nummer o cars enterin the centre o Lunnon on a weekday wis reduced frae 195,000 tae 125,000 cars&nbsp;– a 35-per-cent reduction o vehicles driven a day.<ref>Table 3 in Santos, Georgina; Button, Kenneth; Noll, Roger G. "Lunnon Congestion Charging/Comments." Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs.15287084 (2008): 177,177–234.</ref> ==Eddication== {{Main|Eddication in Lunnon}} ===Tertiary eddication=== [[File:Strand102.jpg|thumb|[[Keeng's College Lunnon]], established by Royal Charter haein been foondit by [[Keeng George IV]] an [[Duke o Wellington]] in 1829, is ane o the foundin colleges o the [[University o Lunnon]].]] [[File:Wilkins Building 2, UCL, London - Diliff.jpg|thumb|The Wilkins biggin at [[University College Lunnon]]]] Lunnon is a major centre o heicher eddication lair an research an its 43 varsities form the lairgest concentration o heicher education institutes in Europe.<ref name="Lunnon2"/> In 2008/09 it haed a higher education student population o aroond 412,000 (aboot 17 per cent o the UK tot); oot o thaim, aroond 287,000 wis registered for unnergraduate degrees an 118,000 war studyin at postgraduate level.<ref name=Lunnonhigher>{{cite web|url=http://www.londonhigher.ac.uk/396.html?&no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=95&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=393&cHash=66a6e680d7|title=Numbers of students in London|accessdate=26 August 2010|publisher=Lunnon Higher|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK24fXt?url=http://www.londonhigher.ac.uk/396.html|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2008/09 thare war aroond 97,150 international students in Lunnon, aboot 25 per cent o aw international students in the UK.<ref name=Lunnonhigher/> A nummer o warld-leadin education institutions are based in Lunnon. In the 2014/15 ''[[QS World University Rankings]]'', [[Imperial College Lunnon]] is ranked jynt 2nt in the warld (alongside [[The University o Cambridge]]), [[University College Lunnon]] (UCL) is ranked 5t, an [[Keeng's College Lunnon]] (KCL) is ranked 16t.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2014|title=QS World University Rankings – Overall for 2014|accessdate=13 November 2014}}</ref> The [[Lunnon School o Economics]] haes been describit as the warld's leadin social science institution for baith teaching an research.<ref name=Lunnon_156>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/education/sunday_times_university_guide/article2496158.ece |title=The Sunday Times Good University Guide 2007&nbsp;– Profile for London School of Economics |work=The Sunday Times |location=Lunnon |accessdate=6 June 2008 |date=23 September 2007 |ref=harv |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK36cad?url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/education/sunday_times_university_guide/article2496158.ece |archivedate=2011-05-20 |first=Deirdre |last=Hipwell |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Lunnon Business School]] is considert ane o the warld's leadin business schuils an in 2015 its MBA programme wis ranked seicont best in the warld bi the ''[[Financial Times]]''.<ref name = "ft">{{cite news |url=http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/global-mba-rankings |title=FT Global MBA Rankings |work=Financial Times |location=Lunnon |accessdate=25 January 2010 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK3NXwE?url=http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/global-mba-rankings |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> Wi 120,000 students in Lunnon,<ref>{{cite web|title=About us|url=http://www.london.ac.uk/aboutus.html|publisher=University o Lunnon|accessdate=1 December 2014|archive-date=2016-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905140556/http://www.london.ac.uk/aboutus.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> the federal [[University o Lunnon]] is the lairgest contact teaching varsity in the UK.<ref>[http://www.hesa.ac.uk/dox/dataTables/studentsAndQualifiers/download/institution0506.xls HESA Statistics: United Kingdom] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928044330/http://www.hesa.ac.uk/dox/dataTables/studentsAndQualifiers/download/institution0506.xls |date=2007-09-28 }}. HESA. Retrieved 6 April 2015</ref> It includes fower lairge multi-faculty varsities&nbsp;– [[Keeng's College Lunnon]], [[Queen Mary, University o Lunnon|Queen Mary]], [[Royal Holloway]] an [[University College Lunnon|UCL]]&nbsp;– an a nummer o smawer an mair specialised institutions includin [[Birkbeck College|Birkbeck]], the [[Courtauld Institute o Art]], [[Goldsmiths, University o Lunnon|Goldsmiths]], [[Guildhall School o Music an Drama]], the [[Institute o Education]], the [[Lunnon Business School]], the [[Lunnon School o Economics]], the [[Lunnon School o Hygiene & Tropical Medicine]], the [[Royal Academy o Music]], the [[Central School o Speech an Drama]], the [[Royal Veterinary College]] an the [[School o Oriental an African Studies]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.london.ac.uk/colleges_institutes.html|title=Colleges and Institutes|accessdate=23 September 2010|publisher=University o Lunnon|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK4QvPy?url=http://www.london.ac.uk/colleges_institutes.html|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref> Members o the University o Lunnon hae thair ain [[University an college admission|admissions]] procedures, an some awaird thair ain degrees. Thare a nummer o varsities in Lunnon that is ootwi the University o Lunnon system, includin [[Brunel University]], [[City University Lunnon]], [[Imperial College Lunnon]], [[Keengston University]], [[Lunnon Metropolitan University]], [[Middlesex University]], [[University o East Lunnon]], [[University o West Lunnon]] an [[University o Westminster]], (wi ower 34,000 students, the lairgest unitary varsity in Lunnon),<ref name=Lunnon_157>[http://www.londonmet.ac.uk/library/o90402_3.pdf About London Met] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090124143209/http://www.londonmet.ac.uk/library/o90402_3.pdf |date=2009-01-24 }} Lunnon Metropolitan University, August 2008</ref> [[Lunnon South Bank University]], [[Middlesex University]], [[University o the Arts Lunnon]] (the lairgest varsity o airt, design, fashion, communication an the performin arts in Europe),<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2008/may/01/universityguide.highereducation42|title=University of the Arts London|accessdate=27 August 2010|work=The Guardian|location=Lunnon|date=1 May 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK4mSBu?url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2008/may/01/universityguide.highereducation42|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref> [[University o East Lunnon]], the [[University o West Lunnon]] an the [[University o Westminster]]. In addition, thare three international varsities in Lunnon&nbsp;– [[Regent's College]], [[Richmond University]] an [[Schiller International University]]. [[File:Royal College of Music - April 2007.jpg|thumb|The front façade o the [[Royal College o Music]]]] Lunnon is home tae [[Unitit Hospitals|five major medical schools]]&nbsp;– [[Barts an The Lunnon School o Medicine an Dentistry]] (pairt o [[Queen Mary, University o Lunnon|Queen Mary]]), [[Keeng's College Lunnon School o Medicine]] (the lairgest medical schuil in Europe), [[Imperial College School o Medicine]], [[UCL Medical School]] an [[St George's, University o Lunnon]]&nbsp;– an haes numerous affiliatit teaching hospitals. Forbye, it is a major centre for biomedical research, an three o the UK's five [[academic health science centre]]s is based in the ceety&nbsp;– [[Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust|Imperial College Healthcare]], [[Keeng's Health Partners]] an [[UCL Partners]] (the lairgest sic centre in Europe).<ref>{{Cite news |work=The Guardian |location=Lunnon |title=NHS hospitals tae forge £2bn research link-up with university |accessdate=6 September 2010 |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2008/aug/07/health.highereducation |date=7 August 2008 |first=John |last=Carvel |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK5JH6x?url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2008/aug/07/health.highereducation |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> Thare are a nummer o business schuils in Lunnon, includin the [[Lunnon School o Business an Finance]], [[Cass Business School]] (pairt o [[City University Lunnon]]), [[Hult International Business School]], [[ESCP Europe]], [[European Business School Lunnon]], [[Imperial College Business School]] an the [[Lunnon Business School]]. Lunnon is hame tae mony specialeet arts education institutions an aa, includin the [[Lunnon College o Contemporary Arts (LCCA)]], the [[Academy o Live an Recorded Arts]], the [[Lunnon Contemporary Dance Scuil]], [[Royal Academy o Dramatic Art|RADA]], the [[Royal College o Art]], the [[Royal College o Music]] an [[Trinity Laban]]. ===Primary an secondary education=== The majority o primary an seicontar schuils an faur education colleges in Lunnon is controlt bi the [[Lunnon boroughs]] or otherwise state-funded; leadin ensaumples include [[City an Islington College]], [[Ealing, Hammersmith an West Lunnon College]], [[Leyton Sixth Form College]], [[Tower Hamlets College]] an [[Bethnal Green Academy]]. Thare a nummer o private schuils an colleges in Lunnon an aa, some auld an famous, lik [[City o Lunnon Scuil]], [[Harrow Scuil|Harrow]], [[St Paul's Scuil (Lunnon)|St Paul's Scuil]], [[University College Scuil]], [[Highgate Scuil]] an [[Westminster Scuil]]. ==Cultur== {{Main|Cultur o Lunnon}} ===Leisure an entertainment=== [[File:Open Happiness Piccadilly Circus Blue-Pink Hour 120917-1126-jikatu.jpg|thumb|right|[[Piccadilly Circus]]]] Wiin the [[City o Westminster]], the entertainment destrict o the [[West End o Lunnon|West End]] haes its focus aroond [[Leicester squerr]], whaur Lunnon an warld film [[premieres]] are held, an [[Piccadilly Circus]], wi its giant electronic advertisements.<ref name=Lunnon_160>{{cite web|url=http://www.piccadillylights.co.uk/|title=Piccadilly Lights|publisher=Land Securities|accessdate=3 November 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK7QmKt?url=http://www.piccadillylights.co.uk/|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lunnon's [[West End theatre|theatre]] destrict is here, as is mony cinemas, bars, clubs an restaurants, includin the ceety's [[Chinatown, Lunnon|Chinatown]] destrict (in [[Soho]]), an juist tae the east is [[Royal Opera House|Covent Garden]], an area hoosin speciality shops. The ceety is the hame o [[Andrew Lloyd Webber]], whase musicals hae dominate the West End theatre syne the late 20t century.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=AWaZ1LAFAZEC&dq=lloyd+webber+%22the+most+commercially+successful+composer+in+history.%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s Sondheim and Lloyd-Webber: the new musical] ''The New York Times''.. refert tae Andrew Lloyd Webber as "the maist commercially successful composer in history"</ref> The Unitit Kinrick's [[Royal Ballet]], [[English National Ballet]], [[Royal Opera, Lunnon|Royal Opera]] an [[English National Opera]] are based in Lunnon an perform at the [[Royal Opera House]], the [[Lunnon Coliseum]], [[Sadler's Wells Theatre]] an the [[Royal Albert Hall]] as weel as tourin the kintra.<ref name="Lunnon's Concerts">{{cite web|url=http://www.yourlondon.gov.uk/visiting/topic.jsp?topicid=6482&search_title=Theatres+and+concert+halls|title=Theatres and concert halls.|publisher=Your Lunnon|accessdate=6 June 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080124185332/http://www.yourlondon.gov.uk/visiting/topic.jsp?topicid=6482&search_title=Theatres+and+concert+halls|archivedate=2008-01-24|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Harrods at Night, London - Nov 2012.jpg|thumb|upright|left|[[Harrods]] in [[Knightsbridge]]]] [[Islington]]'s {{convert|1|mi|km}} lang Upper Street, extendin northlins frae [[Angel, Lunnon|Angel]], haes mair bars an restaurants nor ony ither street in the Unitit Kinrick.<ref name=Lunnon_161>{{Cite journal|title=2001: Public houses|publisher=BBC|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/trail/local_history/city/street_03.shtml?publichouses|accessdate=4 June 2008|ref=harv|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK7ebGH?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/trail/local_history/city/street_03.shtml?publichouses|archivedate=2011-05-20|journal=|url-status=live}}</ref> Europe's busiest shoppin airt is [[Oxford Street]], a shoppin street near {{convert|1|mi|km}} lang, makin it the langest shoppin street in the Unitit Kinrick. Oxford Street is hame tae vast nummers o retailers an [[department stores]], includin the warld-famous [[Selfridges]] [[Flagship store#Retailing|flagship store]].<ref name=Lunnon_162>{{Cite journal| url=http://www.london.gov.uk/londoner/06sep/p7a.jsp| publisher=[[The Lunnoner]]| title=Oxford Street gets its own dedicated local police team| date=September 2006| accessdate=19 June 2007| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930204913/http://www.london.gov.uk/londoner/06sep/p7a.jsp| archivedate=2007-09-30| ref=harv| journal=| url-status=live}}</ref> [[Knightsbridge]], hame tae the equally renowned [[Harrods]] [[department store]], lees tae the sooth-wast. [[File:London, UK (August 2014) - 156.JPG|thumb|right|[[Shakespeare's Globe]] is a modren reconstruction o the Globe Theatre on the sooth bank o the River Thames]] Lunnon is home tae designers [[Vivienne Westwood]], [[John Galliano|Galliano]], [[Stella McCartney]], [[Manolo Blahnik]], an [[Jimmy Choo]] amang others; its renowned airt an fashion schuils mak it an international centre o fashion alang wi [[Paris]], [[Milan]], an [[New York ceety]]. Lunnon offers a great variety o cuisine as a result o its ethnically diverse population. Gastronomic centres include the [[Bangladesh]]i restaurants o [[Brick Lane]] an the [[Chinese food]] restaurants o [[Chinatown, Lunnon|Chinatown]].<ref name=Lunnon_163>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinatownlondon.org/|title=Chinatown&nbsp;— Official website|publisher=Chinatown Lunnon|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK84XXn?url=http://www.chinatownlondon.org/|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=dead}}</ref> Thare is a variety o [[Leet o annual events in Lunnon|annual events]], beginnin wi the relatively new [[New Year's Day Parade]], fireworks display at the [[Lunnon Eye]], the warld's seicont lairgest [[street party]], the [[Notting Hill Carnival]] is held durin the late [[August Bank Holiday]] ilka year. Traditional parades include November's [[Lord Mayor's Show]], a centuries-auld event celebrating the annual appointment o a new [[Lord Mayor o the ceety o Lunnon]] wi a procession alang the streets o the ceety, an Juin's [[Trooping the Colour]], a formal military pageant performed by regiments o the [[Commonwealth o Nations|Commonwealth]] an [[British Army|British]] armies tae celebrate the [[Queen's Official Birthday]].<ref name=Lunnon_164>{{cite web|url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4820.asp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620233221/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4820.asp|archivedate=2008-06-20|title=One Queen, Two Birthdays|publisher=Royal Government|accessdate=27 September 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Literature, film an television=== {{Main|Lunnon in fiction|Lunnon in film|Leet o films set in Lunnon|Leet o television shows set in Lunnon|Lunnon Television Archive}} [[File:Keats House.jpg|thumb|[[Keats House]], whaur [[John Keats|Keats]] wrote his ''[[Ode tae a Nightingale]]''. The veelage o [[Hampstead]] haes historically been a literary centre in Lunnon.]] Lunnon haes been the setting for mony works o literature. The literary centres o Lunnon hae tradeetionally been hilly [[Hampstead]] an (syne the early 20t century) [[Bloomsbury]]. Writers closely associatit wi the ceety are the diarist [[Samuel Pepys]], notit for his eyewitness accoont o the [[Great Fire o Lunnon|Great Fire]], [[Charles Dickens]], whose representation o a foggy, snawy, grimy Lunnon o street sweepers an pickpockets haes been a major influence on people's vision o early [[Victorian era|Victorian]] Lunnon, an [[Virginia Woolf]], regarded as ane o the foremost [[modrenism|modrenist]] literary figurs o the 20t century.<ref name="Lunnon in Literature">{{cite web|url=http://www.brynmawr.edu/library/speccoll/guides/london/londoninliterature.shtml|title=London in Literature,|publisher=Bryn Mawr College|accessdate=6 June 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK8S7iR?url=http://www.brynmawr.edu/library/speccoll/guides/london/londoninliterature.shtml|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Sherlock Holmes Museum.jpg|left|thumb|[[Sherlock Holmes Museum]] in [[Baker Street]], bearing the nummer 221B]] The pilgrims in [[Geoffrey Chaucer]]'s late 14t-century ''[[The Canterbury Tales|Canterbury Tales]]'' set oot for [[Canterbury]] frae Lunnon&nbsp;– specifically, frae the [[The Tabard|Tabard]] inn, [[Southwark]]. [[William Shakespeare]] spent a lairge pairt o his life livin an working in Lunnon; his contemporary [[Ben Jonson]] wis forby based thare, an some o his work—maist notably his play ''[[The Alchemist (play)|The Alchemist]]''—wis set in the ceety.<ref name="Lunnon in Literature" /> ''[[A Journal o the Plague Year]]'' (1722) bi [[Daniel Defoe]] is a fictionalisation o the events o the 1665 [[Great Plague o Lunnon|Great Plague]].<ref name="Lunnon in Literature" /> Later important depictions o Lunnon frae the 19t an early 20t centuries are Dickens' novels, an [[Arthur Conan Doyle]]'s [[Sherlock Holmes]] stories.<ref name="Lunnon in Literature" /> Modern writers pervasively influenced bi the ceety include [[Peter Ackroyd]], author o a "biography" o Lunnon, an [[Iain Sinclair]], wha writes in the genre o [[psychogeography]]. Lunnon haes played a significant role in the film industry, an haes major studios at [[Ealing Studios|Ealing]] an a [[special effect]]s an [[post-production]] community centred in [[Soho]]. [[Working Title Films]] haes its headquarters in Lunnon.<ref name=Lunnon_165>{{cite web|url=http://www.workingtitlefilms.com/|title=Working Title Films|publisher=Universal Studios|accessdate=27 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK8c0bN?url=http://www.workingtitlefilms.com/|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref> Lunnon haes been the setting for films includin ''[[Oliver Twist (1948 film)|Oliver Twist]]'' (1948), ''[[Scrooge (1951 film)|Scrooge]]'' (1951), ''[[Peter Pan (1953 film)|Peter Pan]]'' (1953), ''[[101 Dalmatians (1996 film)|The 101 Dalmatians]]'' (1961), ''[[My Fair Lady (film)|My Fair Lady]]'' (1964), ''[[Mary Poppins (film)|Mary Poppins]]'' (1964), ''[[Blowup]]'' (1966), ''[[The Long Good Friday]]'' (1980), ''[[Notting Hill (film)|Notting Hill]]'' (1999), ''[[Love Actually]]'' (2003), ''[[V For Vendetta (film)|V For Vendetta]]'' (2005), ''[[Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber o Fleet Street]]'' (2008) an ''[[The King's Speech]]'' (2010). Notable actors an filmmakers frae Lunnon include; [[Charlie Chaplin]], [[Alfred Hitchcock]], [[Michael Caine]], [[Helen Mirren]], [[Gary Oldman]], [[Christopher Nolan]], [[Jude Law]], [[Tom Hardy]], [[Keira Knightley]] an [[Daniel Day-Lewis]]. As o 2008, the [[British Academy Film Awards]] haes taen place at the [[Royal Opera House]]. Lunnon is a major centre for television production, wi studios includin [[BBC Television Centre]], [[The Fountain Studios]] an [[The Lunnon Studios]]. Mony television programmes hae been set in Lunnon, includin the popular television soap opera ''[[EastEnders]]'', broadcast bi the BBC syne 1985. ===Museums an art galleries=== [[File:Galería Nacional, Londres, Inglaterra, 2014-08-07, DD 035.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[National Gallery|The National Gallery]]]] Lunnon is [[Leet o museums in Lunnon|home tae mony museums]], galleries, an ither institutions, mony o thaim free o admission charges an are major [[tourist attraction]]s as weel as playin a research role. The first o thaim tae be established wis the [[British Museum]] in [[Bloomsbury]], in 1753. oreeginally containin antiquities, naitural history specimens an the national leebrar, the museum nou haes 7&nbsp;million artefacts frae aroond the globe. In 1824 the [[National Gallery]] wis foondit tae hoose the British national collection o Western pentins; this nou occupies a prominent poseetion in [[Trafalgar squerr]]. In the latter hauf o the 19t century the locale o [[South Kensington]] wis developed as "[[Albertopolis]]", a cultural an scientific quarter. Three major national museums are thare: the [[Victoria an Albert Museum]] (for the [[applied arts]]), the [[Natural History Museum, Lunnon|Natural History Museum]] an the [[Lunnon Science Museum|Science Museum]]. The [[National Portrait Gallery, Lunnon|National Portrait Gallery]] wis foondit in 1856 tae hoose depictions o figurs frae British history; its holdings nou comprise the warld's maist extensive collection o portraits.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/about/organisation.php|title=Organisation|publisher=National Portrait Gallery|accessdate=18 November 2013}}</ref> The national gallery o British airt is at [[Tate Britain]], oreeginally established as an annexe o the National Gallery in 1897. The Tate Gallery, as it wis umwhile kent, became a major centre for modern airt an aa; in 2000 this collection muived tae [[Tate Modern]], a new gallery housed in the umwhile [[Bankside Power Station]]. ===Music=== [[File:Royal Albert Hall Crop, London - Nov 2012.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Royal Albert Hall]] hosts concerts an muisical events]] Lunnon is ane o the major [[Classical music|classical]] an [[popular music]] capitals o the warld an is hame tae major muisic corporations, sic as [[EMI]] an [[Warner Music Group]] as weel as countless bands, musicians an industry professionals. The ceety is home tae mony orchestras an concert halls an aa, lik the [[Barbican Arts Centre]] (principal base o the [[Lunnon Symphony Orchestra]] an the [[Lunnon Symphony Chorus]]), [[Cadogan Hall]] ([[Royal Philharmonic Orchestra]]) an the [[Royal Albert Hall]] ([[The Proms]]).<ref name="Lunnon's Concerts" /> Lunnon's twa main opera houses are the [[Royal Opera House]] an the [[Coliseum Theatre]].<ref name="Lunnon's Concerts" /> The UK's lairgest [[pipe organ]] is at the Royal Albert Hall. Other significant instruments are at the cathedrals an major kirks. Several [[conservatoire]]s are wiin the ceety: [[Royal Academy o Music]], [[Royal College o Music]], [[Guildhall School o Music an Drama]] an [[Trinity College o Music]]. [[File:Abbey Rd Studios.jpg|right|thumb|[[Abbey Road Studios]], 3 [[Abbey Road (street)|Abbey Road]], [[St John's Wood]], ceety o Westminster]] Lunnon haes numerous venues for rock an pop concerts, includin lairge arenas sic as [[Earls Court Exhibition Centre|Earls Court]], [[Wembley Arena]] an the [[The O2 Arena (Lunnon)|O₂ Arena]], as weel as mony mid-sized venues, sic as [[Brixton Academy]], the [[Hammersmith Apollo]] an the [[Shepherd's Bush Empire]].<ref name="Lunnon's Concerts" /> Several [[music festivals]], includin the [[Wireless Festival]], are held in Lunnon. The ceety is hame tae the first an oreeginal [[Hard Rock Cafe]] an the [[Abbey Road Studios]] whaur [[The Beatles]] recorded mony o thair hits. In the 1960s, 1970s an 1980s, musicians an groups lik [[Elton John]], [[Pink Floyd]], [[David Bowie]], [[Queen (baund)|Queen]], [[The Kinks]], [[The Rolling Stones]], [[The Who]], [[Eric Clapton]], [[Led Zeppelin]], [[The Small Faces]], [[Iron Maiden]], [[Fleetwood Mac]], [[Elvis Costello]], [[Cat Stevens]], [[The Police]], [[The Cure]], [[Madness (baund)|Madness]], [[The Jam]], [[Dusty Springfield]], [[Phil Collins]], [[Rod Stewart]] an [[Sade (baund)|Sade]], derived thair sound frae the streets an rhythms vibrating throu Lunnon.<ref name="Top40">{{cite book |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2006/04/06/garycrowley_londontop40_feature.shtml |title=London's top 40 artists |date=6 April 2006 |publisher=BBC |accessdate=9 September 2008 |isbn=978-0-89820-135-2}}</ref> Lunnon wis instrumental in the development o [[punk muisic]],<ref name=Lunnon_172>{{cite web |url=https://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/d204 |publisher=Allmusic |title=Punk |accessdate=19 February 2010 |archive-date=2011-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426153907/http://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/d204 |url-status=dead }}</ref> wi figurs sic as the [[Sex Pistols]], [[The Clash]],<ref name="Top40"/> an [[Vivienne Westwood]] aw based in the ceety. Mair recent artists tae emerge frae the Lunnon music scene include [[George Michael]], [[Kate Bush]], [[Seal (muisicker)|Seal]], [[Siouxsie an the Banshees]], [[Bush (baund)|Bush]], the [[Spice Girls]], [[Jamiroquai]], [[Blur (baund)|Blur]], [[The Prodigy]], [[Gorillaz]], [[Mumford & Sons]], [[Coldplay]], [[Amy Winehouse]] an [[Adele]].<ref name="Scene">{{cite web|url=http://www.londonbc.co.uk/history-of-music-in-london.html|title=History of music in London|publisher=The Lunnon Music Scene|accessdate=2 August 2009|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK9hhlR?url=http://www.londonbc.co.uk/history-of-music-in-london.html|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Walker, Tim (28 July 2008). [http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/mumford--sons-the-luminaire-london-878562.html "Mumford & Sons, The Luminaire, London"]. ''The Independent'' (Lunnon). Retrieved 13 October 2012.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/musicblog/2011/dec/09/10-classic-club-nights |title=From the Dug Out and dreads tae DMZ and dubstep: 10 classic club nights |work=Guardian Music Blog |location =Lunnon |author=Warren, Emma |accessdate= 13 October 2012 |date=9 December 2011}}</ref> Lunnon is a centre for urban music an aa. In parteecular, the genres [[UK garage]], [[drum an bass]], [[dubstep]] an [[grime (music)|grime]] evolved in the ceety frae the furren genres o [[hip hop]] an [[reggae]], anent local [[drum an bass]]. Black music station [[BBC Radio 1Xtra]] wis set up tae support the rise o home-grown urban music baith in Lunnon an in the rest o the UK. ==Notable fowk== {{Main|Leet o fowk frae Lunnon}} ==Recreation== ===Parks an open spaces=== {{Main|Parks an open spaces in Lunnon|Royal Parks o Lunnon}} {{see also|Leet o Sites o Special Scientific Interest in Greater Lunnon|Leet o Local Nature Reserves in Greater Lunnon}} {{multiple image | align = left | direction = vertical | image1 = Aerial view of Hyde Park.jpg | width1 = 220 | caption1 = Aerial view o [[Hyde Park, Lunnon|Hyde Park]] | alt1 = Hyde Park | image2 = St James's Park Lake – East from the Blue Bridge - 2012-10-06.jpg | width2 = 220 | caption2 = [[St. James's Park]] lake wi the Lunnon Eye in the distance | alt2 = Lake wi Lunnon Eye in the background }} The mucklest pairks in the [[Central Lunnon|central area o Lunnon]] are three o the aicht [[Royal Parks o Lunnon|Royal Parks]], namely [[Hyde Park, Lunnon|Hyde Park]] an its neebur [[Kensington Gardens]] in the wast, an [[Regent's Park]] tae the north.<ref name=Lunnon_080>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/kensington_gardens/|title=Kensington Gardens|year=2008|publisher=The Royal Parks|accessdate=26 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0tndiN?url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/kensington_gardens/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hyde Park in parteecular is popular for [[Lunnon#Sports|sports]] an whiles hosts open-air concerts. Regent's Park conteens [[Lunnon Zoo]], the warld's auldest scientific zoo, an is near the tourist attraction o [[Madame Tussauds]] Wax Museum.<ref name=Lunnon_081>{{cite web|url=http://www.madametussauds.com/London/About.aspx|title=Madame Tussauds&nbsp;— Official website|publisher=Madame Tussauds|accessdate=6 June 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0uQJ4x?url=http://www.madametussauds.com/London/About.aspx|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_082>{{cite web|url=http://www.tourist-information-uk.com/madame-tussauds.htm|title=Madame Tussauds&nbsp;— Tourist Information|publisher=Tourist Information UK|accessdate=26 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0v6PMD?url=http://www.tourist-information-uk.com/madame-tussauds.htm|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Primrose Hill]] in the northren pairt o Regent's Park at {{convert|256|ft|0}}<ref name=mills>Mills, A., ''Dictionary o Lunnon Place Names'', (2001)</ref> is a popular spot tae view the ceety skyline. Close tae Hyde Park are smawer Royal Parks, [[Green Park]] an [[St. James's Park]].<ref name=Lunnon_083>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/green_park/|title=Green Park|year=2008|publisher=The Royal Parks|accessdate=26 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5nE6fuYvF?url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/green_park/|archivedate=2010-02-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> A nummer o lairge parks lie ootside the ceety centre, includin the remainin Royal Parks o [[Greenwich Park]] tae the sooth-east<ref name=Lunnon_170>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/greenwich_park/|title=Greenwich Park|year=2008|publisher=The Royal Parks|accessdate=26 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0w5wlZ?url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/greenwich_park/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> an [[Bushy Park]] an [[Richmond Park]] (the lairgest) tae the sooth-wast,<ref name=Lunnon_084>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/bushy_park/|title=Bushy Park|year=2008|publisher=The Royal Parks|accessdate=26 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0wb1mJ?url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/bushy_park/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_085>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/richmond_park/|title=Richmond Park|year=2008|publisher=The Royal Parks|accessdate=26 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0x5bB5?url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/richmond_park/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Hampton Court Park]] is a royal park an aa, but, acause it conteens a palace, it is administered bi the [[Historic Royal Palaces]], unlik the aicht [[Royal Parks o Lunnon|Royal Parks]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.richmond.gov.uk/home/services/leisure_and_culture/parks_and_open_spaces/park_details.htm?parkId=268 |title=Richmond Borough Council |access-date=2015-06-04 |archive-date=2015-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150826172424/http://www.richmond.gov.uk/home/services/leisure_and_culture/parks_and_open_spaces/park_details.htm?parkId=268 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Close tae Richmond Park is [[Kew Gardens]] whilk haes the warld's lairgest collection o livin plants. In 2003, the gardens war pit on the [[Unitit Nations Educational, Scientific an Cultural Organization|UNESCO]] leet o [[Leet o World Heritage Sites o the Unitit Kinrick|World Heritage Sites]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.kew.org/ksheets/pdfs/k16kewhistory.pdf|title= Kew, History & Heritage|author= |work= |publisher= [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]|accessdate= 24 January 2013|archive-date= 2008-08-29|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080829192523/http://www.kew.org/ksheets/pdfs/k16kewhistory.pdf|url-status= dead}}</ref> Thare a thrang o parks administert bi Lunnon's borough cooncils, includin [[Victoria Park, Lunnon|Victoria Park]] in the [[East End]] an [[Battersea Park]] in the centre. Some mair informal, semi-naitural open spaces exist, includin the {{convert|320|ha|acre|sing=on}} [[Hampstead Heath]] o [[North Lunnon]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/Corporation/LGNL_Services/Environment_and_planning/Parks_and_open_spaces/Hampstead_Heath/|title=City of London Corporation Hampstead Heath|publisher=City o Lunnon Corporation|accessdate=19 February 2010|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0xBire?url=http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/Corporation/LGNL_Services/Environment_and_planning/Parks_and_open_spaces/Hampstead_Heath/|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> an [[Epping Forest]], whilk covers 2,476 hectares (6,118.32 acres)<ref>{{cite web |url= http://217.154.230.195/NR/rdonlyres/A3CB6563-4D0D-4C35-AC7F-818C28306E79/0/OS_EF_Dogs.pdf |title= Epping Forest You & Your Dog |work= brochure |publisher= ceety o Lunnon |accessdate= 13 March 2010 |archive-date= 2011-07-04 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110704191340/http://217.154.230.195/NR/rdonlyres/A3CB6563-4D0D-4C35-AC7F-818C28306E79/0/OS_EF_Dogs.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> in the east. Baith is controlt bi the [[City o Lunnon Corporation]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Ramblers |url=http://www.ramblers.org.uk/info/parks/name/c/corporationoflondon.htm |title=Corporation of London Open Spaces |publisher=Ramblers.org.uk |accessdate=12 December 2011 |archive-date=2008-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029232404/http://www.ramblers.org.uk/info/parks/name/c/corporationoflondon.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/green-spaces/Pages/default.aspx|publisher=City o Lunnon|title=Green spaces|accessdate=27 July 2012|archive-date=2012-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120721005003/http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/green-spaces/Pages/default.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hampstead Heath incorporates [[Kenwood House]], the umwhile [[stately home]] an a popular location in the summer months whaur classical muisical concerts is held bi the lake, attracting thousans o fowk ilka weekend tae enjoy the muisic, scenery an fireworks.<ref name=Lunnon_086>{{cite web|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.00100200800k00800f|title=Kenwood House|publisher=English Heritage|accessdate=26 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0xs5EE?url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.00100200800k00800f|archivedate=2011-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> Epping Forest is a popular venue for various outdoor activities, includin moontain biking, walking, horse ridin, golf, anglin, an orienteerin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/green-spaces/epping-forest/Pages/default.aspx|title=Epping Forest|work=cityofLunnon.gov.uk|access-date=2015-06-04|archive-date=2012-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120811004010/https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/green-spaces/epping-forest/Pages/default.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Walking=== [[File:Carshalton 2007.jpg|thumb|[[Carshalton]] Ponds, on the [[Wandle Trail]] in the [[Lunnon Borough o Sutton]]]] [[Walking in Lunnon|Walking is a popular recreational activity in Lunnon]]. Areas that provide for walks include [[Wimbledon Common]], [[Epping Forest]], [[Hampton Court Park]], [[Hampstead Heath]], the aicht [[Royal Parks]], canals an disuised railway tracks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.innerlondonramblers.org.uk/ideasforwalks.html|title=Inner London Ramblers - Walk Ideas|author=Phil Marson|work=innerLunnonramblers.org.uk|access-date=2015-06-04|archive-date=2020-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119050940/https://www.innerlondonramblers.org.uk/ideasforwalks.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Access tae canals an rivers haes improved recently, includin the creation o the [[Thames Path]], some {{convert|28|mi|km}} o whilk is wiin [[Greater Lunnon]], an The [[Wandle Trail]]; this rins {{convert|12|mi|km}} throu [[South Lunnon]] alang the [[River Wandle]], a [[tributaries o the River Thames|tributary o the River Thames]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sustrans.org.uk/ncn/map/route/wandle-trail|title=Wandle Trail - Map|work=Sustrans}}</ref> Ither [[long distance path]]s, linkin green spaces, hae been creatit an aa, includin the [[Capital Ring]], the [[Green Chain Walk]], [[Lunnon Outer Orbital Path]] ("Loop"), [[Jubilee Walkway]], [[Lea Valley Walk]], an the [[Diana, Princess o Wales Memorial Walk]].<ref>Ideas for Lunnon walks frae the Inner Lunnon Walking Group</ref> ===Sports=== {{Main|Sport in Lunnon}} {{multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | image1 = Wembley Stadium interior.jpg | width1 = 225 | caption1 = [[Wembley Stadium]], hame o the [[Ingland fitba team]], has a 90,000 capacity. It is the UK's mucklemaist stadium | alt1 = The interior o a empy stadium as viewed frae its upper tier o seatin. The seats is a vivid red an the pick is a vivid green. The pale grey sky is visible throuch a openin in the ceilin abuin the pick. | image2 = Twickenham Stadium - May 2012.jpg | width2 = 225 | caption2 = [[Twickenham Stadium|Twickenham]], hame o the [[Ingland naitional rugby union team|Ingland rugby union team]], has an 82,000 capacity, the warld's lairgest rugby union stadium | alt2 = A rugby union stadium packed wi fans watchin a game | image3 = Centre Court, 28 March 2012.jpg | width3 = 225 | caption3 = [[Centre Court]] at [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]]. First played in 1877, the Championships is the auldest tennis tournament in the warld.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SPORT/tennis/06/14/tennis.wimbledon.125th.anniversary.museum/index.html 125 years of Wimbledon: frae birth of lawn tennis tae modren marvels] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218114004/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SPORT/tennis/06/14/tennis.wimbledon.125th.anniversary.museum/index.html |date=2020-02-18 }} CNN. Retrieved 28 September 2011</ref> | alt3 = Centre Court, Wimbledon | image4 = Lord's in 2005.jpg | width4 = 225 | caption4 = [[Lord's Cricket Ground]] is widely referred tae as the "hame o cricket".<ref>{{cite web|title=Lord's|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/england/content/ground/57129.html|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|accessdate=22 August 2009}}</ref> | alt4 = A cricket ground during a game }} Lunnon haes hostit the [[Summer Olympic Gemmes|Simmer Olympics]] three times: in [[1908 Summer Olympics|1908]], [[1948 Summer Olympics|1948]], an [[2012 Summer Olympics|2012]].<ref name=Lunnon_173>{{cite web|url=http://www.olympic.org/london-1908-summer-olympics|title=London 1908|publisher=International Olympic Committee|accessdate=5 February 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoK9wPnn?url=http://www.olympic.org/london-1908-summer-olympics|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Lunnon_174>{{cite web|url=http://www.olympic.org/london-1948-summer-olympics|title=London 1948|publisher=International Olympic Committee|accessdate=5 February 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoKBZHIo?url=http://www.olympic.org/london-1948-summer-olympics|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref> It wis chosen in Julie 2005 tae host the 2012 Olympics an [[2012 Summer Paralympics|Paralympics]], makin it the first ceety tae host the modren Gemmes three times.<ref name=IOC/> The ceety wis forby the host o the [[Commonweel Gemmes|Breetish Empire Gemmes]] in [[1934 Breetish Empire Gemmes|1934]].<ref name=Lunnon_175>{{cite web|url=http://www.thecgf.com/countries/intro.asp?loc=ENG|title=England&nbsp;— Introduction|publisher=Commonwealth Games Federation|accessdate=3 November 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoKDfTeZ?url=http://www.thecgf.com/countries/intro.asp?loc=ENG|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2017 Lunnon hostit the [[2017 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships in Athletics]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/other_news/1216135963.html |title=London Defeats Doha tae host 2017 International Athletics Championships |publisher=Gamesbids.com |accessdate=13 December 2011 |archive-date=2011-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113180038/http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/other_news/1216135963.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lunnon's [[Sport in the Unitit Kinrick#Popularity|maist popular sport]] is [[association fitbaw|fitbaw]] an it haes fourteen [[The Football League|League]] fitbaa clubs, includin sax in the [[Premier League]]: [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]], [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]], [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]], [[Tottenham Hotspur F.C.|Tottenham Hotspur]], an [[West Ham Unitit F.C.|West Ham United]].<ref name=Lunnon_176>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefa.com/TheFA/ContactUs/Postings/2004/03/premier_league_contacts.htm|title=TheFA.com&nbsp;— Premier League|date=17 January 2004|work=The FA.com|publisher=The Football Association|accessdate=29 April 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041027030131/http://www.thefa.com/TheFA/ContactUs/Postings/2004/03/premier_league_contacts.htm|archivedate=2004-10-27|url-status=live}}</ref> In Mey 2012, Chelsea becam the first Lunnon club tae win the [[UEFA Champions League]]. Frae 1924, the oreeginal [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]] wis the hame o the [[Inglish naitional fitba team]]. It hostit the [[1966 FIFA World Cup Final]], wi Ingland defeatin Wast Germany, an serd as the venue for the [[FA Cup Final]] as weel as [[rugby league]]'s [[Challenge Cup]] final.<ref name=Lunnon_178>{{cite web|url=http://www.wembleystadium.com/GloriousPast/greatmoments/1steverwembleyFACupFinal.htm|title=Wembley Stadium History&nbsp;— Official Website|publisher=Wembley National Stadium Limited.|accessdate=29 April 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403102710/http://www.wembleystadium.com/GloriousPast/greatmoments/1steverwembleyFACupFinal.htm|archivedate=2008-04-03|url-status=dead}}</ref> The new [[Wembley Stadium]] sers exactly the same purposes an haes a capacity o 90,000.<ref name="Wembley Stadium Facts an figurs">{{Cite journal | url=http://www.wembleystadium.com/pressbox/presspack/factsandFigures.htm | title=Wembley Stadium&nbsp;— Presspack&nbsp;— Facts and Figures | publisher=Wembley National Stadium Limitit | accessdate=6 June 2008 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516051636/http://www.wembleystadium.com/pressbox/presspack/factsandFigures.htm | archivedate=2008-05-16 | journal= | url-status=live }}</ref> Five [[English Premiership (rugby union)|Aviva Premiership]] rugby union teams is based in Lunnon, ([[Lunnon Irish]], [[Saracens F.C.|Saracens]], [[Lunnon Wasps|Wasps]], [[Lunnon Welsh]] an [[Harlequin F.C.|Harlequins]]), awbesit currently anly Harlequins an Saracens play thair hame gemmes wiin Greater Lunnon.<ref name=Lunnon_177>{{cite web |url=http://www.premiershiprugby.com/clubs/index.php |title=Premiership Rugby: Clubs |publisher=Premier Rugby |accessdate=5 August 2010 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoKEiEV8?url=http://www.premiershiprugby.com/clubs/index.php |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Lunnon Scottish F.C.|Lunnon Scottish]] play in the [[RFU Championship]] club an ither rugby union clubs in the ceety include [[Richmond F.C.]], [[Rosslyn Park F.C.]], [[Westcombe Park R.F.C.]] an [[Blackheath F.C.]]. [[Twickenham Stadium]] in sooth-wast Lunnon is the naitional [[rugby union]] stadium, an haes a capacity o 82,000 nou that the new sooth staund haes been completit.<ref name="musiccap">{{Cite press release |publisher=Twickenham Rugby Stadium |title=RFU apply for two additional concerts at Twickenham Stadium in 2007 |url=http://www.rfu.com/microsites/twickenham/index.cfm?StoryID=14822 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625050620/http://www.rfu.com/microsites/twickenham/index.cfm?StoryID=14822 |archivedate=2008-06-25 |date=3 October 2006 |ref=harv |access-date=2015-06-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref> While [[rugby league]] is mair popular in the north o England, thare are twa professional rugby league clubs in Lunnon&nbsp;– the seicont tier [[Rugby League National Championship 1|Championship One]] team the [[Lunnon Broncos]] wha play at [[The Hive Stadium|The Hive]] in [[Edgware]] an the third tier [[League 1 (rugby league)|League 1]] team the [[Lunnon Skolars]] frae [[Wood Green]], [[Lunnon Borough o Haringey|Haringey]]; in addition, [[Hemel Stags]] frae [[Hemel Hempstead]] north o Lunnon play in League 1 an aa. Ane o Lunnon's best-kent annual sports competitions is the [[Wimbledon Championships|Wimbledon Tennis Championships]], held at the [[All England Lawn Tennis an Croquet Club|All England Club]] in the sooth-wastren suburb o [[Wimbledon, Lunnon|Wimbledon]].<ref name=Lunnon_181>{{cite web|url=http://www.wimbledon.org/en_GB/index.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423182334/http://www.wimbledon.org/en_GB/index.html|archivedate=2008-04-23|title=Wimbledon&nbsp;— official website|publisher=The aw England Tennis an Croquet Club (AELTC)|accessdate=29 April 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> Played in late Juin tae early Julie, it is the auldest tennis tournament in the warld, an widely considered the maist prestigious.<ref>{{cite news|title=Traditional Final: It's Nadal and Federer|work=The New York Times | date=7 May 2008| first=Christopher| last = Clarey| quote = Federer said[:] 'I love playing wi him, especially here at Wimbledon, the most prestigious tournament we have.'| url = http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/05/sports/tennis/05wimbledon.html?ref=tennis|accessdate = 17 July 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia| editor = Will Kaufman & Heidi Slettedahl Macpherson| encyclopedia = Britain an the Americas| title = Tennis|year = 2005 | publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]]| volume=1 : Culture, Politics, an History| isbn = 1-85109-431-8| page=958 |quote = this first tennis championship, whilk later evolved intae the Wimbledon Tournament ... continues as the warld's maist prestigious event.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=What Is The Most Prestigious Grand Slam Tennis Tournament?|url= http://www.forbes.com/sites/monteburke/2012/05/30/what-is-the-most-prestigious-grand-slam-tennis-tournament/ |work=Forbes |location= New York |date= 30 May 2012 |accessdate=25 June 2013 |author=Burke, Monte}}</ref> [[Cricket]] in Lunnon is served by twa [[Test cricket]] grunds [[Lord's Cricket Ground|Lord's]] (hame o [[Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex C.C.C.]]) in [[St John's Wood]]<ref name=Lunnon_179>{{cite web|url=http://www.lords.org/lords-ground/about-lords/|title=About Lord's—the home of cricket&nbsp;— official website|year=2008|publisher=MCC|accessdate=29 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoKGCiA3?url=http://www.lords.org/lords-ground/about-lords/|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=dead}}</ref> an [[the Oval]] (home o [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey C.C.C.]]) in [[Kennington]].<ref name=Lunnon_180>{{cite web|url=http://www.surreycricket.com/the-brit-oval|title=The Brit Oval&nbsp;— Official Website|year=2008|publisher=Surrey CCC|accessdate=29 April 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoKH3JOW?url=http://www.surreycricket.com/the-brit-oval|archivedate=2011-05-20|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lord's haes hostit fower finals o the [[Cricket World Cup]]. Ither key events is the annual mass-participation [[Lunnon Marathon]], in whilk some 35,000 runners attemp a {{convert|26.2|mi|km}} course aroond the ceety,<ref name=Lunnon_182>{{cite web |url=http://www.london-marathon.co.uk/site/ |title=Flora London Marathon 2008 |publisher=Lunnon Marathon Ltd |accessdate=29 April 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080426224024/http://www.london-marathon.co.uk/site/ |archivedate=2008-04-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref> an the [[The Boat Race|Oxford an Cambridge Boat Race]] on the [[River Thames]] atween [[Putney]] an [[Mortlake]].<ref name=Lunnon_183>{{cite web |url=http://www.theboatrace.org/ |title=The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race&nbsp;— Official Website |publisher=The Oxford an Cambridge Boat Race |accessdate=29 April 2008 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yoKHGidM?url=http://www.theboatrace.org/ |archivedate=2011-05-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> == Sister ceities == == Twin ceeties == {{Main|Leet o twin touns in the Unitit Kinrick#Lunnon|l1=Leet o touns an ceeties twinned wi Lunnon}} Thare 46 ither places on sax continents namit efter Lunnon. As weel as Lunnon's twinnin, the [[Lunnon burgh]]s hae [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinnins]] wi pairts o ither ceeties the warld ower. Shawn ablo is the leet o ceeties that the [[Greater Lunnon Authority]] haes twinnin arrangements wi: {| |- |valign="top"| * {{Flagicon|Peru}} [[Arequipa]], Peru * {{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Berlin]], Germany * {{Flagicon|Indie}} [[Delhi]], Indie * {{Flagicon|Colombia}} [[Bogotá]], Colombie |width="80"|&nbsp; |valign="top"| * {{Flagicon|South Africa}} [[Johannesburg]], Sooth Africae * {{Flagicon|Malaysia}} [[Kuala Lumpur]], Malaysie * {{Flagicon|Kuwait}} [[Kuwait Ceety]], Kuwait * {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Moscow]], Roushie |width="80"|&nbsp; |valign="top"| * {{Flagicon|Unitit States}} [[New York Ceety]], Unitit States * {{Flagicon|Norway}} [[Oslo]], Norawa * {{Flagicon|China}} [[Shanghai]], Cheenae * {{Flagicon|Iran}} [[Tehran]], Iran |} The follaein ceeties hiv a freendship greement wi Lunnon: {| |- |valign="top"| * {{Flagicon|Algeria}} [[Algiers]], Algerie * {{Flagicon|Azerbaijan}} [[Baku]], Azerbaijan * {{Flagicon|China}} [[Beijing]], Cheenae * {{Flagicon|Romania}} [[Bucharest]], Romanie * {{Flagicon|Argentina}} [[Buenos Aires]], Argentinae |width="80"|&nbsp; |valign="top"| * {{Flagicon|Indie}} [[Delhi]], Indie * {{Flagicon|Bangladesh}} [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh * {{Flagicon|Turkey}} [[Istanbul]], Turkey * {{Flagicon|Unitit States}} [[Los Angeles]], Unitit States * {{Flagicon|Indie}} [[Mumbai]], Indie |width="80"|&nbsp; |valign="top"| * {{Flagicon|France}} [[Paris]], Fraunce * {{Flagicon|Montenegro}} [[Podgorica]], Montenegro * {{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Roum]], Italy * {{Flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Sofia]], Bulgarie * {{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Tokyo]], Japan * {{Flagicon|Croatia}} [[Zagreb]], Croatie |} ==Notes== <references group="note"/> == References == {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} {{Commonscat|Lunnon}} [[Category:Lunnon| ]] [[Category:Caipitals in Europe]] [[Category:Ceeties in Ingland]] [[Category:Host ceeties o the Simmer Olympic Gemmes]] [[Category:Populatit places established in the 1st century]] gsu6rju9e5v1kj3rj7kpo72xpoxzlvl 0 4264 918438 901965 2026-06-20T05:33:11Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918438 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Blason ville fr Saint-Die-des-Vosges (88).svg|left|80 px]] [[File:SD-Cathedrale.JPG|thumbnail|200 px|Cathedral]] '''Saint-Dié-des-Vosges''' is a ceity o [[Fraunce]], in the [[Vosges]] département and the [[Lorraine]] région. == Historie == [[1507]] : ''[[Cosmographiae Introductio]]'' ([[Martin Waldseemüller]]) == Twinned ceities warldwide == * [[Arlon]] ([[Belgium]]) * [[Cattolica]] ([[Italy]]) * [[Crikvenica]] ([[Croatia]]) * [[Friedrichshafen]] ([[Germany]]) * [[Lowell]] ([[Unitit States]]) * [[Meckhe]] ([[Senegal]]) * [[Lorraine (Québec)|Ville de Lorraine]] ([[Canadae]]) * [[Zakopane]] ([[Poland]]) == Eddication == [[File:IUTSaintDie.JPG|thumbnail|200 px|Institut universitaire de technologie]] IUT (Institut universitaire de technologie) : * [[Electricity]] * [[Electronics]] * [[Informatics]] * [[Internet]] == Fremmit airtins == * [http://www.ville-saintdie.fr/ Saint-Dié-des-Vosges] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041126114414/http://www.ville-saintdie.fr/ |date=2004-11-26 }} * [http://www.iutsd.uhp-nancy.fr/ Institut universitaire de technologie]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314214141/http://www.iutsd.uhp-nancy.fr/ |date=2010-03-14 }} {{Commonscat}} {{#invoke:coordinates|coord|display=title}} {{Vosges communes}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Saintdiedesvosges}} [[Category:Communes o Vosges (depairtment)]] [[Category:Subprefecturs in Fraunce]] [[Category:Leuci]] {{Stub/Fraunce}} {{Stub/Ceity}} 1zhsdov0d5sml5ff5byue2lyxy7r42u 0 5721 918406 917294 2026-06-19T23:43:36Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918406 wikitext text/x-wiki <div align="right">{{Infobox OS|name=OpenBSD|source model=Open soorce|ui=Modified pdksh, X11 (FVWM)|userland=[[BSD]]|kernel type=Monolithic|supported platforms=<nowiki>Alpha, x86-64, ARMv7, ARMv8 (64-bit), PA-RISC, IA-32, LANDISK]], Omron LUNA-88K, Loongson, MIPS64, PowerPC, SPARC64</nowiki><ref>[https://www.openbsd.org/plat.html "OpenBSD Supported Platforms"]. OpenBSD Foundation. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref>|package manager=OpenBSD package tools<ref>[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq15.html#PkgMgmt "Package Management"]. OpenBSD Frequently Asked Questions. Gotten 21 September 2020.</ref>|programmed in=C, assembly, Perl, Unix shell|released={{Start date and age|df=yes|1996|10|01}}|working state=Current|logo=OpenBSD Logo - Cartoon Puffy with textual logo below.svg|family=Unix-like|developer=The OpenBSD Project|collapsible=|caption=OpenBSD 6.1 defaut desktap wi a curn utilities: top, xterm, xclock, xcalc, glxgears|screenshot=Openbsd61 desktop.png|logo alt=Puffy, the pufferfish mascot o OpenBSD posin in the offiecial logo.|logo size=200px|logo caption=''Free, Functional, and Secure''|license=BSD, ISC, ither permissive licenses<ref name=":10">[http://www.openbsd.org/policy.html "Copyright Policy"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref>}}</div> '''OpenBSD''' is a free [[Operatin seestem|operatin system]], that pits its emphasis on securitie. The [[Open soorce|source code is open]]. It's nae muckle different fae UNIX o the [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]] varietie (Berkeley Software Distribution). It wis Theo de Raadt that stairtit OpenBSD in 1995, wi a forkin o the code fae NetBSD. De Raadt's threap is that OpenBSD is an operatin system meant for research an for giein computers better securitie.<ref name=":0">[https://www.openbsd.org/papers/hackfest2015-pledge/mgp00002.html "Pledge() - A New Mitigation Mechanism"]. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> The OpenBSD project keeps, an uphauds, portable versions o a wheen o its ain subsystems as packages that ither operatin systems can tak an uise. Wi the emphasis it pits on haein guid-quality code, a lot o OpenBSD's components is uised ower agane in ither saftware projects. [[Android (operatin seestem)|Android]] uises a lot fae OpenBSD's staundart C library.<ref>[http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20140506132000 "Android's C Library Has 173 Files of Unchanged OpenBSD Code"]. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> LLVM uises OpenBSD's regular expression library,<ref>[http://releases.llvm.org/7.0.0/LICENSE.TXT "LLVM Release License"]. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> an Windows 10 uises OpenSSH (kent forby as OpenBSD Secure Shell) wi LibreSSL.<ref>[https://twitter.com/nocentino/status/996843655112613888 "OpenSSH for Windows"]. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> The wird "open" in the name OpenBSD means that its source code can be gotten fae the [[Internet]], tho the wird "open" in the name OpenSSH means "OpenBSD". Forby, "open" means that OpenBSD can rin on a heest o different types o [[computer]].<ref>Grimes, Roger A. (29 December 2006). [http://www.infoworld.com/article/2659465/security/new-year-s-resolution-no--1--get-openbsd.html "New year's resolution No. 1: Get OpenBSD"]. ''[[InfoWorld]]''.</ref> == History == [[File:Bsd_distributions_usage.svg|thumb|Baur chart shawin the proportion o uisers o ilka kynd o [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]] frae a 2005 BSD survey o uiss.<ref name=":1">[http://www.bsdcertification.org/downloads/pr-20051031-usage-survey-en-en.pdf BSD Usage Survey] (PDF) (Report). The BSD Certification Group. 31 October 2005. p. 9. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref>{{Refn|Mair nor the ae walin wis alloued sin a uiser micht uise mair nor the ae BSD variant at the ae time.|group=n|name=survey_nuance}} Ilka partiecipant wis alloued tae chyse mair nor ane o the BSD kynds]] In December 1994, Theo de Raadt wis gart resign fae the NetBSD core team. His access tae the program code wis taen awa fae him. Ither team members claimed it was aw aboot fowk on the mailin lists fawin oot wi ane anither.<ref>Glass, Adam (23 December 1994). [http://mail-index.netbsd.org/netbsd-users/1994/12/23/0000.html "Theo De Raadt"]. ''netbsd-users'' (Mailin list).</ref> In October 1995, De Raadt foondit OpenBSD, a new project fork't fae NetBSD 1.0. The first release, OpenBSD 1.2, wis in July 1996, follaed by OpenBSD 2.0 in the October o thon same year.<ref>De Raadt, Theo (18 October 1996). [http://wolfram.schneider.org/bsd/ftp/releases/OpenBSD-2.0 "The OpenBSD 2.0 release"]. ''openbsd-announce'' (Mailin list).</ref> Sinsyne, the project his pitten oot a release ilka six months. Thay support ilkane o thaim for ae year. On 25 July 2007, OpenBSD developer Bob Beck annunce't the foondin o the OpenBSD Foundation in Canada. This wis a nae-profits organisation wi the ettle o bein "a single pynt o contact for fowk an organisations, needin a legal entitie that thay cud deal wi whan thay wir wantin tae support OpenBSD".<ref>[http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20070726015128 "Announcing – The OpenBSD Foundation"]. [[OpenBSD Journal|''OpenBSD Journal'']]. 26 Julie 2007.</ref> It's haurd tae ken jist hou widely OpenBSD gets uised, seein as the developers disna gaither or publish statistics aboot this. In September 2005, the BSD Certification Group surveyed BSD uisers. Thay fand that 33% o thaim uised OpenBSD,<ref name=":1" /> ahint FreeBSD wi its 77% an aheid o NetBSD wi jist 16%.{{Refn|Mair nor the ae walin wis alloued sin a uiser micht uise mair nor the ae BSD variant at the ae time.|group=n|name=survey_nuance}} == Uisses == [[File:OpenBSD_5.3_Startup.png|thumb|OpenBSD stairtup in console mode]] [[File:OpenBSD_5.3_Welcome.png|thumb|OpenBSD console login and walcome message]] === Netwark appliances === Ae thing that OpenBSD staunds oot for is its strang, sturdy netwarkin stack. It can be uised as a router<ref>[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/pf/example1.html "OpenBSD PF - Building a Router"]. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref> or a wireless access pynt.<ref>[https://ctors.net/2013/12/30/openbsd_wireless_access_point "Building an OpenBSD wireless access point"]. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref> OpenBSD's better securitie, its ain inbiggit cryptographie, an its packet filter maks it a guid chyce for firewaws,<ref name=":2">McIntire, Tim (8 August 2006). [http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/aix/library/au-openbsd.html "Take a closer look at OpenBSD"]. ''[[Developerworks]]''. [[IBM]]. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref> intrusion detection, VPN gateweys, an ither purposes whaur securitie is important. A wheen o proprietarie systems is biggit on OpenBSD, amang thaim anes fae Armorlogic (Profense web application firewaw),<ref>[http://www.armorlogic.com/ Armorlogic ApS's hamepage].</ref> Calyptix Security,<ref>[http://www.calyptix.com/products/models/ae800/ "AccessEnforcer Model AE800"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202054857/https://www.calyptix.com/products/models/ae800/ |date=2020-12-02 }}. ''Calyptix Security''. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref> GeNUA<ref>[https://www.genua.de/en/products/high-resistance-firewall-genugate.html "High Resistance Firewall genugate"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919032649/https://www.genua.de/en/products/high-resistance-firewall-genugate.html |date=2020-09-19 }}. ''GeNUA''. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref> and .vantronix.<ref>[http://www.vantronix.com/ .vantronix GmbH's hamepage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101215138/http://www.vantronix.com/ |date=2012-01-01 }}. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref> === Foreign operatin systems === A curn versions o Microsoft's Services for UNIX, a biggin oot o the Windows operatin system tae gie functionalitie sib tae UNIX, uises a lot o OpenBSD code that comes wi the Interix interoperability suite develop't by Softway Systems Inc,<ref>Dohnert, Roberto J. (21 Januar 2004), [https://web.archive.org/web/20080211164430/http://www.osnews.com/story/5751 "Review of Windows Services for UNIX 3.5"], OSNews, David Adams, archived frae [http://www.osnews.com/story/5751 the orieginal ane] on the 11 Februar 2008</ref><ref>Reiter, Brian (26 Januar 2010). [https://brianreiter.org/2010/01/26/wontfix-select2-in-sua-5-2-ignores-timeout/ "WONTFIX: select(2) in SUA 5.2 ignores timeout"]. brianreiter.org.</ref> that Microsoft bocht in 1999.<ref>[http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/press/1999/sept99/softwaypr.aspx "Microsoft Acquires Softway Systems To Strengthen Future Customer Interoperability Solutions"], ''Microsoft News Center'', [[Microsoft]], 17 September 1999</ref><ref>[https://www.milltech.com/about "Milltech Consulting Inc"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918125111/https://www.milltech.com/about |date=2020-09-18 }} 2019.</ref> Core Force, a securitie product for Windows, is foondit on OpenBSD's firewaw.<ref>[http://corelabs.coresecurity.com/index.php?module=Wiki&action=view&type=project&name=Core_Force "Core Force"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128042152/http://corelabs.coresecurity.com/index.php?module=Wiki&action=view&type=project&name=Core_Force |date=2011-11-28 }}, ''Core Labs'', gotten 18 September 2020, "CORE FORCE provides inbound and outbound stateful packet filtering for TCP/IP protocols using a Windows port of OpenBSD's PF firewall, granular file system and registry access control and programs' integrity validation."</ref> === Personal computers === OpenBSD comes ready wi Xenocara,<ref>[https://xenocara.org/ "About Xenocara"]. ''Xenocara''. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref> a implementation o the X Window System. It can be uised as a desktap operatin system for personal computers, laptaps an aw.<ref>Tzanidakis, Manolis (21 Apryle 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120505103419/http://archive09.linux.com/articles/52930 "Using OpenBSD on the desktop"]. ''[[Linux.com]]''. Archived frae [http://archive09.linux.com/articles/52930 the orieginal ane] on the 5 Mey 2012. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref><ref name=":3">Lucas, Michael W. (Apryle 2013). [https://www.nostarch.com/obenbsd2e ''Absolute OpenBSD: Unix for the Practical Paranoid''] (2nt ed.). San Francisco, California: [[No Starch Press]]. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-1-59327-476-4|978-1-59327-476-4]].</ref> As o September 2018, OpenBSD hauds aboot 8000 packages in its saftware repositorie,<ref>[http://openports.se/statistics.php "OpenPorts.se Statistics"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928185241/https://openports.se/statistics.php |date=2020-09-28 }}. ''OpenPorts.se''. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref> amang thaim environments the like o GNOME, Plasma 4, an Xfce, an wab browsers the likes o [[Firefox]] and Chromium.<ref name=":4">[https://www.openbsd.org/59.html "OpenBSD 6.0"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 18 September 2020.</ref> === Servers === OpenBSD his a full server suite. It can be setten up tae be a mail server, wab server, FTP server, DNS server, router, firewa, NFS file server, or onie o thae things thegither. == Securitie == Nae lang efter the wark stairtit on OpenBSD, De Raadt heard fae a local security saftware company named Secure Networks (ane that McAfee bocht later).<ref>The Age. ''[http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/10/07/1097089476287.html "Staying on the cutting edge"],'' October 8 2004. ''[[The Age]]''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref><ref>Laird, Cameron; Staplin, George Peter (17 Julie 2003). [http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2003/07/17/openbsd_core_team.html "The Essence of OpenBSD"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022004013/http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2003/07/17/openbsd_core_team.html|date=2017-10-22}}. ''[[ONLamp]]''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> Thay wir wirkin on a netwark security audit tool cried Ballista,{{refn|Later renamed tae Cybercop Scanner efter SNI wis bocht by [[McAfee|Network Associates]].|name=ballista|group=n}} that its aim wis tae find, an tak a len o, flaws in saftware security. This fittit weel wi De Raadt's interest in securitie, sae the twa o thaim wirkit thegither, leadin tae the launch o OpenBSD 2.3.<ref>De Raadt, Theo (19 December 2005). [http://wolfram.schneider.org/bsd/ftp/releases/OpenBSD-2.3 "2.3 release annuncement"]. ''openbsd-misc'' (Mailin list). "Without [SNI's] support at the right time, this release probably would not have happened."</ref> This jynt wark helpit tae bring securitie tae the fore as the focus o the OpenBSD project.<ref>Wayner, Peter (13 Julie 2000). "18.3 Flames, Fights, and the Birth of OpenBSD". [https://web.archive.org/web/20120122011859/http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/free_for_all.peter_wayner/index.html ''Free For All: How Linux and the Free Software Movement Undercut the High Tech Titans''] (1st ed.). [[HarperBusiness]]. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0-06-662050-3|978-0-06-662050-3]]. Archived frae [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/free_for_all.peter_wayner/index.html the orieginal ane] on the 22 Januar 2012. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> OpenBSD his a wheen o features that thair aim is better security, the likes o: * Secure functions insteid o POSIX functions in the C standart librarie, the likes o <code>strlcat</code> for <code>strcat</code>, an <code>strlcpy</code> for <code>strcpy</code><ref>Miller, Todd C.; De Raadt, Theo (6 June 1999). [https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/usenix99/millert.html ''strlcpy and strlcat - Consistent, Safe, String Copy and Concatenation'']. [[USENIX]] Annual Technical Conference. Monterey, California. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> * Cheenges tae Toolchain, amang thaim a static boonds checker<ref>[http://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-6.0/man1/gcc-local.1 "gcc-local – local modifications to gcc"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104001945/http://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-6.0/man1/gcc-local.1 |date=2016-11-04 }}. ''OpenBSD manual pages''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> * Weys o memory protection, tae gaird against forbidden access, the likes o ProPolice an W^X page protection * Strang cryptographie an randomisation<ref>De Raadt, Theo; Hallqvist, Niklas; Grabowski, Artur; Keromytis, Angelos D.; Provos, Niels (6 June 1999). [https://www.usenix.org/legacy/publications/library/proceedings/usenix99/deraadt.html ''Cryptography in OpenBSD: An Overview'']. [[USENIX]] Annual Technical Conference. Monterey, California. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> * Liemits on system caws an on uise o the file system, tae liemit whit a process can dui wi thaim<ref name=":0" /> Tae lower the risk o a waikness, or wrang settin up, or allouin a process tae hae privilege it shudna hae, a lot o programs his been written or cheenged tae mak uise o privilege separation, privilege revocation an chrooting. Privilege separation is a wey o wirkin, first tried on OpenBSD and inspire't by the principle o "lowest privilege", whaur a program is splitten intae twa or mair pairts: ane o thaim dis the privileged operations an the ither ane, awmaist aye the feck o the code, rins wi nae privilege.<ref>Provos, Niels (9 August 2003). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120102075206/http://www.citi.umich.edu/u/provos/ssh/privsep.html "Privilege Separated OpenSSH"]. Archived frae [http://www.citi.umich.edu/u/provos/ssh/privsep.html the orieginal ane] on the 2 Januar 2012. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> Privilege revocation is gey near the same, an gars a program dui ony operations it needs til wi the privileges it stairts wi, an syne draps thaim. Chrooting means haudin an application tae ae pairt o the file system, baurin it fae areas that micht haud private or system files. Developers sinsyne his applied thon principles tae OpenBSD maks o a wheen common applications, the likes o tcpdump, file, tmux, smtpd, and syslogd.<ref>[https://www.openbsd.org/innovations.html "Innovations"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 19 September 2020. "Privilege separation: [...] The concept is now used in many OpenBSD programs, for example [...] etc."</ref> OpenBSD developers played a big pairt in the makkin o OpenSSH (kent forby as OpenBSD Secure Shell). It code is haudit in the same CVS repositories as OpenBSD. OpenBSD Secure Shell is foondit on the auld, first SSH.<ref>[http://www.openssh.com/history.html "Project History and Credits"]. ''[[OpenSSH]]''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> It first appeared in OpenBSD 2.6, an nou it's by far the widest uised SSH client an server, available on a heest o operatin systems.<ref>[http://www.openssh.com/usage/ "SSH usage profiling"]. ''[[OpenSSH]]''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> The project his a policy o aye auditin source code for problems. This is wark that developer Marc Espie his said "is nivver finish't ... mair a maiter o a process nor o a kent bug bein huntit." He cairied on tae gie a list o a curn typical steps thay tak ance a bug is fund, amang thaim leukin throu the hail code tree for problems that is the same or gey near the same, "tryin tae wirk oot if the documents is needin cheenged", an leukin intae whether "it's possible tae mak the [[compiler]] warn aboot this partiecular problem."<ref>Biancuzzi, Federico (18 Mairch 2004). [http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2004/03/18/marc_espie.html "An Interview with OpenBSD's Marc Espie"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504070533/http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2004/03/18/marc_espie.html|date=2018-05-04}}. ''[[ONLamp]]''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> === Security record === The OpenBSD wabsite maks a claim aboot the system's security record, a claim that staunds oot richt awa. Until June 2002, it read: {{Quote|Five year, an nae remote hole in the defaut installation!}} In June 2002, Mark Dowd fae Internet Security Systems telt awbodie aboot a bug in the OpenSSH code, the pairt giein challenge-response authentication.<ref>Internet Security Systems. [http://www.iss.net/threats/advise123.html OpenSSH Remote Challenge Vulnerability] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322081956/http://www.iss.net/threats/advise123.html |date=2016-03-22 }}, June 26, 2002. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> This waikness in OpenBSD's defaut installation alloued a attacker tae get intae the ruit accoont remote-like, an this wis gey serious no jist tae OpenBSD, bit forby tae the wheen o ither operatin systems that wis uisin OpenSSH by then.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141202141151/http://xforce.iss.net/xforce/xfdb/9169 A pairtial list o operatin systems that's affectit.] Archived frae [http://xforce.iss.net/xforce/xfdb/9169 the orieginal ane] on the 2 December 2014. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> Oot o this, the slogan on the OpenBSD wabsite hid tae be cheenged til: {{Quote|Ae remote hole in the defaut installation, in near-on 6 year!}} The claim bade the wey it wis ower time, until 13th Mairch, 2007, whan Alfredo Ortega fae Core Security Technologies<ref>[http://www.coresecurity.com/ Core Security Technologies' hamepage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013132209/https://blog.coresecurity.com/ |date=2016-10-13 }}.</ref> telt awbodie aboot a remote vulnerability tied tae netwarkin.<ref>Core Security Technologies. [http://www.coresecurity.com/content/open-bsd-advisorie ''OpenBSD's IPv6 mbufs remote kernel buffer overflow''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328112822/http://www.coresecurity.com/content/open-bsd-advisorie |date=2014-03-28 }}. 13 Mairch 2007. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> Efter this ane the quote wis cheenged til: {{Quote|Twa remote holes in the defaut installation, in a awfu lang time!}} This statement his been doun-cried, seein as the defaut installation disna hae monie rinnin services, an a lot o uise cases needs ither services an aw.<ref>Brindle, Joshua (30 Mairch 2008), [http://securityblog.org/brindle/2008/03/30/secure-doesnt-mean-anything/ "Secure doesn't mean anything"], ''Security Blog'', Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> As weel, seein as the ports tree hauds [[third-pairtie saftware]] that hisna been auditit, it is easie for uisers tae waiken securitie if thay instaw packages wrang or set thaim up wrang. For aw that, the project threaps that the slogan is meant tae be aboot a defaut installation, an that it is richt by that meisure. Ane o the basic ideas ahint OpenBSD is a drive for systems tae be simple, clean, an secure fae the beginnin. Thare's nae muckle tae the defaut installation, that the project says is tae mak shuir new uisers "disna need tae become securitie experts owernicht".<ref>"[http://www.openbsd.org/security.html Security"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 19 September 2020. "Secure by Default."</ref> This fits wi open-source an code audits bein thocht on as important elements o a securitie system.<ref>Wheeler, David A. (3 Mairch 2003). [http://www.dwheeler.com/secure-programs/Secure-Programs-HOWTO/open-source-security.html "2.4. Is Open Source Good for Security?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070501112323/http://www.dwheeler.com/secure-programs/Secure-Programs-HOWTO/open-source-security.html |date=2007-05-01 }}. [http://www.dwheeler.com/secure-programs/Secure-Programs-HOWTO/index.html ''Secure Programming for Linux and Unix HOWTO''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208033155/https://dwheeler.com/secure-programs/Secure-Programs-HOWTO/index.html |date=2020-12-08 }}. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> === Alleged back door === On 11 December 2010, Gregory Perry, that hid aerlier been a technical consultant for the [[Federal Bureau o Investigation]] (FBI), emailed De Raadt wi a claim that the FBI hid pey'd some OpenBSD ex-developers 10 year afore tae pit "backdoors" intae the OpenBSD Cryptographic Framewark. De Raadt made the email public on 14 December by sendin it on tae the openbsd-tech mailin list an askit for a audit o the IPsec codebase.<ref>De Raadt, Theo (14 December 2010). [https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-tech&m=129236621626462&w=2 "Allegations regarding OpenBSD IPSEC"]. ''openbsd-tech'' (Mailin list). Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref><ref>Holwerda, Thom (14 December 2010). [http://www.osnews.com/story/24136/_FBI_Added_Secret_Backdoors_to_OpenBSD_IPSEC_ "FBI Added Secret Backdoors to OpenBSD IPSEC"]. ''[[OSNews]]''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> De Raadt's answer wis that he hid his douts aboot the report, an he invitit aw the developers tae review the code independent-like. In the weeks that follaed, bugs wis fix't but naebodie fund onie evidence o backdoors.<ref>Ryan, Paul (23 December 2010). [https://arstechnica.com/open-source/news/2010/12/openbsd-code-audit-uncovers-bugs-but-no-evidence-of-backdoor.ars "OpenBSD code audit uncovers bugs, but no evidence of backdoor"]. [[Ars Technica|''Ars Technica'']]. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> De Raadt threap't "A div believe that NetSec wis likelie contractit tae write backdoors lik it's been alleged. If thay wir written, A dinna believe thay wun the lenth o oor tree. Thay micht hae been deployed as thair ain product."<ref>Mathew J. Schwartz (22 December 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20170711004138/http://www.darkreading.com/vulnerabilities-and-threats/openbsd-founder-believes-fbi-built-ipsec-backdoor/d/d-id/1095055 "OpenBSD Founder Believes FBI Built IPsec Backdoor"]. ''InformationWeek: DARKreading''. Archived frae [http://www.darkreading.com/vulnerabilities-and-threats/openbsd-founder-believes-fbi-built-ipsec-backdoor/d/d-id/1095055 the orieginal ane] on the 11 Julie 2017.</ref> === Criticisms === In December 2017, Ilja van Sprundel, director at IOActive, gied a speik at the CCC<ref>Van Sprundel, Ilja (December 2017). [https://media.ccc.de/v/34c3-8968-are_all_bsds_created_equally "Are all BSDs created equally? — A survey of BSD kernel vulnerabilities"].</ref> as weel as DEF CON,<ref>Van Sprundel, Ilja (Julie 2017). [https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2025/DEF%20CON%2025%20presentations/DEF%20CON%2025%20-%20Ilja-van-Sprundel-BSD-Kern-Vulns.pdf "Are all BSDs created equally? — A survey of BSD kernel vulnerabilities"] (PDF).</ref> wi the title "Is aw BSDs creatit equal-like?" A survey o BSD kernel waiknesses" whaur he said that, awtho OpenBSD wis the clear winner o the BSDs as meisured by hou secure thay ar, "Bugs is aye easie tae find in thae kernels, even in OpenBSD". Twa year efter, in 2019, a speik wi the name "A systematic evaluation of OpenBSD's mitigations" wis gien at the CCC.<ref>[https://fahrplan.events.ccc.de/congress/2019/Fahrplan/events/10519.html "Lecture: A systematic evaluation of OpenBSD's mitigations"]. December 2019.</ref> It airgued that, while OpenBSD dis hae some wirthwhile mitigations, a guid monie o thaim is "uiseless at best, an foondit on pure luck an superstition", airguin for a mair rational approach in thair design.<ref>[https://isopenbsdsecu.re/ "Is OpenBSD secure?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924083526/https://isopenbsdsecu.re/ |date=2020-09-24 }}. 29 December 2019.</ref> == Haurdware compatibiliie == The different computers an ither devices ye can uise OpenBSD on is gien in a list in the OpenBSD Supported Platforms Notes.<ref>[https://www.openbsd.org/plat.html "OpenBSD Supported Platforms"]. OpenBSD Foundation. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> Ither arrangements micht wirk an aw, bit they jist hinna been testit or pitten doun in the documents. Thare's a 3rd-pairtie repository o (roch) lists o computers an ither devices, pitten thegither automatic-like.<ref>[https://github.com/bsdhw/Drivers/blob/master/openbsd/openbsd-6.7.list "OpenBSD 6.7: ids of supported devices"]. BSD Hardware Project. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> In 2020, a new project wis stairtit tae gaither information, automatic-like, aboot aw the testit haurdware arrangements.<ref>[https://github.com/bsdhw/Trends/tree/master/Dist/OpenBSD "OpenBSD Hardware Trends"]. BSD Hardware Project. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> == Subprojects == Monie open source projects stairtit as components o OpenBSD. Amang thaim wir: * bioctl, a generic RAID management interface nae muckle different fae ifconfig * CARP, a free (for naething) alternative tae [[Cisco Systems|Cisco]]'s patentit HSRP/VRRP redundancie protocols * cwm, a stackin windae manager * OpenBSD httpd,<ref>[https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.sbin/httpd/ "src/usr.sbin/httpd/"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304012243/https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.sbin/httpd/ |date=2021-03-04 }}. ''OpenBSD CVSWeb''.</ref><ref>[https://www.freshports.org/www/obhttpd/ "web/obhttpd: OpenBSD http server"]. ''[[Freshports]]''.</ref> a implementation o httpd * hw.sensors, a sensors framewark uised by ower 100 drivers * LibreSSL, a implementation o the [[Secure Sockets Layer|SSL]] an [[Transport Layer Security|TLS]] protocols, forkit fae OpenSSL 1.0.1g<ref>[https://www.libressl.org/ "LibreSSL"]. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> Some subsystems his been brocht inby as pairt o ither BSD operatin systems,<ref>[https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/stable/10/crypto/openssh/README?view=markup "Contents of /stable/10/crypto/openssh/README"]. ''svnweb.freebsd.org''. Gotten 19 September 2020. "This is the port of OpenBSD's excellent OpenSSH to Linux and other Unices."</ref><ref>[http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/src/crypto/external/bsd/openssh/dist/README?rev=1.4&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup&only_with_tag=MAIN "src/crypto/external/bsd/openssh/dist/README – view – 1.4"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611075741/http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/src/crypto/external/bsd/openssh/dist/README?rev=1.4&content-type=text%2Fx-cvsweb-markup&only_with_tag=MAIN |date=2016-06-11 }}. ''NetBSD CVS Repositories''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref><ref>[https://gitweb.dragonflybsd.org/dragonfly.git/blob/HEAD:/crypto/openssh/README "dragonfly.git/blob – crypto/openssh/README"]. ''gitweb.dragonflybsd.org''. Gotten 19 September 2020. "This is the port of OpenBSD's excellent OpenSSH to Linux and other Unices."</ref> an a lot o thaim can be gotten as packages tae be uised in ither Unix-like systems.<ref>[https://www.archlinux.org/packages/core/x86_64/openssh/ "Arch Linux – openssh 7.2p2-1 (x86_64)"]. ''[[Arch Linux]]''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref><ref>[https://software.opensuse.org/package/openssh "openssh"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610151358/https://software.opensuse.org/package/openssh|date=2016-06-10}}. ''[[OpenSUSE]]''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref><ref>[https://packages.debian.org/jessie/openssh-client "Debian – Details of package openssh-client in jessie"]. ''[[Debian]]''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> [[Linux]] administrator Carlos Fenollosa said, whan he gaed ower fae Linux tae OpenBSD, that the system is leal tae Unix's philosophie o haein sma an simple tools that wirks thegither weel. "Some base components disna hae the same number o features, deliberate-like. Seein as 99% o the servers disna need tae be swack lik Apache, OpenBSD's httpd wull wirk fine, be mair secure, an likelie faster".<ref name=":5">https://cfenollosa.com/blog/openbsd-from-a-veteran-linux-user-perspective.html</ref> He described the developer community's attitude tae components this wey: "whan the community decides that some module is nae uise for oniething, they jist develop a new ane fae the beginnin. OpenBSD his its ain NTPd, SMTPd and, mair latelie, HTTPd. They wirk jist rare".<ref name=":5" /> The ootcome is that, time an time agane, OpenBSD creates components an syne a wheen o thaim is uised agane in ither systems. OpenBSD rins gey near aw o its staundart daemons inside chroot and privsep securitie structures by defaut, as pairt o haurdenin the base system.<ref name=":5" /> The Calgary Internet Exchange wis foondit in 2012, in pairt sae's tae serve the needs o the OpenBSD project.<ref>De Raadt, Theo (18 June 2013). [http://www.yycix.ca/talks/cuug-2013-06-18/an-internet-exchange-for-Calgary.pdf "An Internet Exchange for Calgary"]{{Dead link|date=December 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (PDF). Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> == Third-pairtie components == Inside OpenBSD thare's a wheen o third-pairtie components, a lot o thaim wi patches meant jist for OpenBSD,<ref name=":4" /> the likes o X.Org, Clang<ref>[http://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-6.2/man1/clang-local.1 "clang-local – OpenBSD-specific behavior of LLVM/clang"]. ''OpenBSD manual pages''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> (the defaut compiler on a wheen o architectures), GCC,Perl, NSD, Unbound, ncurses, GNU binutils, GDB, an AWK. == Development == [[File:OpenBSD_hackers_at_c2k++_at_MIT.jpg|right|thumb|OpenBSD developers at c2k1 hackathon at [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]], June 2001]] Development gangs on aw the time, an team management is open an organised intae tiers. Oniebodie wi the richt skills can jyne in, wi the richt tae commit wark gien on merit an wi De Raadt actin as the heid-ane.<ref name=":3" /> Twa official releases is made ilka year, wi the version number raised by 0.1,<ref name=":6">Andrews, Jeremy (2 Mey 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130424125958/http://kerneltrap.org/node/6550 "Interview: Theo de Raadt"]. ''[[KernelTrap]]''. Archived frae [http://kerneltrap.org/node/6550 the orieginal ane] on the 24 Apryle 2013.</ref> and ilkane is supportit for twal months (twa release cycles).<ref>[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq5.html#Flavors "OpenBSD's flavors"]. ''OpenBSD Frequently Asked Questions''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> Snapshot releases is pitten oot an aw, aften. Upkeep patches for supportit releases can be pitten on manual-like or by bringin a system up-tae-date against the patch braunch o the CVS repository for that release.<ref>[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq10.html#Patches "Applying patches in OpenBSD"]. ''OpenBSD Frequently Asked Questions''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> On the ither haund, a system administrator can decide tae upgrade fae a snapshot release an syne update the system regular-like fae the current branch o the CVS repository, sae's tae gain access tae new features afore thay'r released. The generic OpenBSD kernel providit by defaut is recommendit as the best ane for end uisers, nae like operatin systems that recommends uisers dui the kernel customisation thaimsels.<ref>[http://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq1.html#OtherUnixes "Migrating to OpenBSD"]. ''OpenBSD Frequently Asked Questions''. Gotten 19 September 2020</ref> Packages ootside the base system is maintained by CVS throu a ports tree, an thay'r the responsibilitie o the individual maintainers, cried "porters". As weel as keepin the current braunch up tae date, porters is leukit-tae tae pit in the richt bug-fixes an upkeep fixes tae braunches o thair package for OpenBSD's supportit releases. On the hail, ports is no gien the same on-gaun auditin as the base system, for want o manpouer. Binary packages is biggit central-like fae the ports tree for ilka architecture. This process is duin for the current version, for ilka supportit release, and for ilka snapshot. Administrators is recommendit tae uise the package mechanism insteid o biggin the package fae the ports tree, unless they need tae make thair ain cheenges tae the source code. OpenBSD's developers meets regular-like at special events cried hackathons,<ref>[https://www.openbsd.org/hackathons.html "Hackathons"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> whaur they "sit doun an code", wi the ettle o daein a lot o wark.<ref>[https://www.linux.com/news/interview-theo-de-raadt-openbsd/ "Interview: Theo de Raadt of OpenBSD"]. ''NewsForge''. 28 Mairch 2006. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> In maist new releases, there's a sang.<ref name=":7">[http://www.openbsd.org/lyrics.html "Release Songs"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 19 September 2020.</ref> == Open source an open documentation == OpenBSD is kent for its guid quality o documentation. It's seen as the best amang aw the BSD operating systems, tho aw o thaim pits a lot o effort intae correct documentation.<ref>Chisnall, David (20 Januar 2006). [http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=439601&seqNum=3 "BSD: The Other Free UNIX Family"]. ''[[InformIT]]''. frae the orieginal ane on the 14 Mairch 2014.</ref><ref>Smith, Jesse (18 November 2013). [http://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20131118#feature "OpenBSD 5.4: Puffy on the Desktop"]. frae the orieginal ane on the 30 Apryle 2014.</ref> Whan OpenBSD wis first stairtit, De Raadt wantit the source code tae be open tae oniebodie tae read. At thon time, it wis uisual that a sma team o developers hid access tae a project's source code.<ref name=":8">Cranor, Chuck D.; De Raadt, Theo (6 June 1999). ''[https://www.usenix.org/legacy/event/usenix99/cranor_f.html Opening the Source Repository with Anonymous CVS]''. [[USENIX]] Annual Technical Conference. Monterey, California. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> Chuck Cranor<ref>Cranor, Chuck D. [http://chuck.cranor.org/ "Chuck Cranor's Home Page"]. Gotten 20 September 2020. "I also hosted and helped create the first Anonymous CVS server on the Internet (the original [http://anoncvs.openbsd.org anoncvs.openbsd.org]{{Dead link|date=February 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [...]"</ref> an De Raadt thocht this practice "didna fit wi the open source philosophie" an wis jist gettin in the road o potential contributors. Thegither, Cranor and De Raadt set up the first public, nameless CVS server. De Raadt's decision alloued uisers tae "tak a mair steerin role", and set doun the project's commitment tae haein open access.<ref name=":8" /> OpenBSD disna haud closed-source binary drivers in the source tree, an thay dinna haud code that needs a non-disclosure agreement tae be signed aither.<ref>[http://www.openbsd.org/goals.html "Project Goals"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 20 September 2020. "Integrate good code from any source with acceptable licenses. [...], NDAs are never acceptable."</ref> Seein as OpenBSD his its hame in Canada, US American export restrictions on cryptography disna haud. This allous the distribution tae mak full uise o modren algorithms for encryption. For example, the swap space is pairtit intae sma sections an ilka section is encryptit wi its ain key, makkin shuir that sensitive data disna leak ower intae a insecure pairt o the system.<ref name=":2" /> OpenBSD randomises the different things that applications dis, makkin it haurder tae foretell whit thay'r gaun tae dae, and that wey thay'r faur haurder tae attack. For example, PIDs is creatit an associate tae processes random-like; the <code>bind</code> system caw uises random port numbers; files is creatit wi random inode numbers; and IP datagrams his random identifiers.<ref>De Raadt, Theo; Hallqvist, Niklas; Grabowski, Artur; Keromytis, Angelos D.; Provos, Niels (6 June 1999). [https://www.usenix.org/legacy/publications/library/proceedings/usenix99/full_papers/deraadt/deraadt_html/node18.html "Randomness Used Inside the Kernel"]. ''[https://www.usenix.org/legacy/publications/library/proceedings/usenix99/deraadt.html Cryptography in OpenBSD: An Overview]''. [[USENIX]] Annual Technical Conference. Monterey, California. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> The OpenBSD policie on openness gaes as faur as haurdware documentation: in the slides for a presentation in December 2006, De Raadt explain't that wi-oot it "developers aften gangs agley writin drivers", an pyntit oot that "the [michtie, A gart it wirk] rush is haurder tae bring aboot, an some developers jist gies up."<ref name=":9">De Raadt, Theo (5 December 2006). [http://www.openbsd.org/papers/opencon06-docs/index.html "Presentation at OpenCON"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> He gaed on tae say that binary drivers fae the vendor is nae acceptable as pairt o OpenBSD, that thay hiv "nae trust o vendors' binaries rinning in oor kernel" an that thare is "nae wey tae fix [thaim] ... whan thay brak."<ref name=":9" /> == Licensin == OpenBSD's [[Saftware license|licence]] policie is a strict ane,<ref name=":10">[http://www.openbsd.org/policy.html "Copyright Policy"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> wi a better likin for the ISC license an ither variants o the BSD licence. The project tries tae haud tae the spirit o the auld Berkeley Unix [[Copyricht|copierichts]]," that alloued a "Unix source distribution wi-oot muckle hindrance."<ref name=":10" /> The widelie uised Apache License an the GNU General Public License is seen as ower strict.<ref>Matzan, Jem (15 June 2005). [https://www.linux.com/news/bsd-cognoscenti-linux "BSD cognoscenti on Linux"]. ''NewsForge''. [[Linux.com]]. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> In June 2001, stemmin fae worries aboot Darren Reed's cheenges tae IPFilter's licence wirdin, a systematic license audit o the OpenBSD ports an the source trees wis haudit.<ref>Gasperson, Tina (6 June 2001). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080626101129/http://www.linux.com/feature/12774 "OpenBSD and ipfilter still fighting over license disagreement"]. ''[[Linux.com]]''. Archived frae [http://www.linux.com/feature/12774 the orieginal ane] on the 26 June 2008.</ref> Code in mair nor a hunder files throu the hail system wis fund tae be: nae licensed ava; nae licensed clear-like; or in uise against the terms o thair license. Tae mak shuir that aw the licences wis abidden by, thay tried tae mak contact wi aw thaim that hid relevant copyrichts: some pieces o code wis taen oot, an a wheen o thaim wis replace't awthegither. Ither anes, the like o the multicast routin tools <code>mrinfo</code> and <code>map-mbone</code>, wis licensed ower agane sae's that OpenBSD cud cairy on uisin thaim.<ref>[http://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.sbin/mrinfo/mrinfo.c?rev=1.7&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup "src/usr.sbin/mrinfo/mrinfo.c – view – 1.7"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504132914/http://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.sbin/mrinfo/mrinfo.c?rev=1.7&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup |date=2020-05-04 }}. ''cvsweb.openbsd.org''. 31 Julie 2001. Gotten 20 September 2020. "New license from Xerox! This code is now FREE! Took a while and a lot of mails, but it is worth it."</ref><ref>[http://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.sbin/map-mbone/mapper.c?rev=1.5&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup "src/usr.sbin/map-mbone/mapper.c – view – 1.5"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901112450/http://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.sbin/map-mbone/mapper.c?rev=1.5&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup |date=2018-09-01 }}. ''cvsweb.openbsd.org''. 31 Julie 2001. Gotten 20 September 2020. "New license from Xerox! This code is now FREE! Took a while and a lot of mails, but it is worth it."</ref> Forby, aw saftware that wis the wark o Daniel J. Bernstein wis taen oot. At thon time, Bernstein wis wantin aw cheenges tae his code tae hae his approval afore thay wir sent oot, an OpenBSD developers wis sweirt tae pit time an darg intae daein this.<ref>De Raadt, Theo (24 August 2001). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160419110701/http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/openbsd/2001-08/2544.html "Re: Why were all DJB's ports removed? No more qmail?"]. ''openbsd-misc'' (Mailin list). Archived frae [http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/openbsd/2001-08/2544.html the orieginal ane] on the 19 Apryle 2016.</ref><ref>Bernstein, Daniel J. (27 August 2001). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120204203539/http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/openbsd/2001-08/2812.html "Re: Why were all DJB's ports removed? No more qmail?"]. ''openbsd-misc'' (Mailin list). Archived frae [http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/openbsd/2001-08/2812.html the orieginal ane] on the 4 Februar 2012.</ref><ref>Espie, Marc (28 August 2001). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160419080907/http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/openbsd/2001-08/2864.html "Re: Why were all DJB's ports removed? No more qmail?"]. ''openbsd-misc'' (Mailin list). Archived frae [http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/openbsd/2001-08/2864.html the orieginal ane] on the 19 Apryle 2016.</ref> Oot o worries aboot licensin, the OpenBSD team his written saftware ower agane fae the beginnin, or brocht in suitable saftware that hid been written awreadie. For example, OpenBSD developers creatit the PF packet filter efter they cudna accept restrictions that hid been pitten on IPFilter. PF wis first pairt o OpenBSD 3.0,<ref>Hartmeier, Daniel (10 June 2002). [https://www.usenix.org/legacy/event/usenix02/tech/freenix/hartmeier.html ''Design and Performance of the OpenBSD Stateful Packet Filter (pf)'']. [[USENIX]] Annual Technical Conference. Monterey, California. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> an it's pairt o a lot o ither operatin systems nou.<ref>[http://www.reedmedia.net/books/pf-book/ ''The OpenBSD PF Packet Filter Book: PF for NetBSD, FreeBSD, DragonFly and OpenBSD'']. Reed Media Services. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0-9790342-0-5|0-9790342-0-5]]. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> OpenBSD developers his written thair ain tools, wi the licence open tae oniebodie, tae tak the place o general licensed tools the like o CVS, diff, grep and pkg-config.<ref>[https://slashdot.org/story/52396 "New BSD licensed CVS replacement for OpenBSD"]. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref><ref>[https://man.openbsd.org/pkg-config.1 "pkg-config(1)"]. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> == Fundin == OpenBSD an its portable components is uised in ither products, tho De Raadt says that nae muckle o the siller fae sellin thae products wins the lenth o OpenBSD. "Mainlie wir siller haes been gotten fae uisers' donations an fae uisers buyin wir CDs. It's easie tae see that wunna be muckle."<ref name=":6" /> For a peiriod o twa year in the aerlie 2000s, the project wis gettin siller frae DARPA, an that "pey'd the salaries o 5 fowk tae wirk ful-time, bocht aboot thertie thoosand dollars in haurdware, and pey'd for 3 hackathons", fae the POSSE project.<ref name=":6" /> In 2006, the OpenBSD project suffer't fae a want o siller.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/story/06/03/21/1555243/openbsd-project-in-financial-danger "OpenBSD Project in Financial Danger"]. ''[[Slashdot]]''. 21 Mairch 2006. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> The [[Mozilla Foundation]]<ref>[http://slashdot.org/story/06/04/04/1820228/mozilla-foundation-donates-10k-to-openssh "Mozilla Foundation Donates $10K to OpenSSH"]. ''[[Slashdot]]''. 4 Apryle 2006. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> an GoDaddy<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061111090358/http://www.thehostingnews.com/article2217.html "GoDaddy.com Donates $10K to Open Source Development Project"]. ''The Hosting News''. 19 Apryle 2006. Archived frae [http://www.thehostingnews.com/article2217.html the orieginal ane] on the 11 November 2006.</ref> is twa o the organisations that helpit OpenBSD tae haud gaun. For aw that, De Raadt wis fash't that this wis aw ae-sidit: "A think donations an peyments shoud hae come first fae the saftware sellers, an syne saicont fae the corporate uisers, an third fae uisers by thaimsels. Reallie, it's been awmaist the ither wey roon awthegither, wi a ratio o awmaist 15 dollars tae ane comin fae the wee fowk. Thank ye muckle, wee fowk!"<ref name=":6" /> On 14 January 2014, Bob Beck askit for siller tae pey electritie bills. Gin thay cudna find fundin for the lang term, Beck thocht the OpenBSD project wad hae tae close doun.<ref>Beck, Bob (14 Januar 2014). [https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc&m=138972987203440&w=2 "Request for Funding our Electricity"]. ''openbsd-misc'' (Mailin list). Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> The project suin got a donation o twintie thoosand US dollars fae Mircea Popescu, him that wis the Romanian creator o the MPEx bitcoin stock exchange. The donation wis pey'd in [[Bitcoin|bitcoins]].<ref name=":11">Bright, Peter (20 Januar 2014). [https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/01/openbsd-rescued-from-unpowered-oblivion-by-20k-bitcoin-donation/ "OpenBSD rescued from unpowered oblivion by $20K bitcoin donation"]. [[Ars Technica|''Ars Technica'']]. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> The project brocht in US$150,000 fae the appeal,<ref>[http://www.openbsdfoundation.org/campaign2014.html "The OpenBSD Foundation 2014 Fundraising Campaign"]. [[OpenBSD Foundation|''OpenBSD Foundation'']]. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> sae's it cud pey its bills an mak siccar its short-term future.<ref name=":11" /> Fae 2014 on, a curn big contributions tae the OpenBSD Foundation his come fae corporations, the likes o Microsoft,<ref>McAllister, Neil (8 Julie 2015). [https://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/07/08/microsoft_donates_to_openbsd_foundation/ "Microsoft rains cash on OpenBSD Foundation, becomes top 2015 donor"]. ''The Register''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> Facebook an Google as weel as the Core Infrastructure Initiative.<ref>[http://www.openbsdfoundation.org/contributors.html "Contributors"]. [[OpenBSD Foundation|''OpenBSD Foundation'']]. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> Durin the 2016 and 2017 fundraisin campaigns, it wis Smartisan, a Chinese firm, that gied the maist siller tae the project.<ref>[http://www.openbsdfoundation.org/contributors.html "OpenBSD Donors"].</ref><ref>[http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20170817195416 "Smartisan Makes Another Iridium Donation to the OpenBSD Foundation"]. ''Undeadly''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> == Distribution == Oniebodie can get haud o OpenBSD, an in a wheen o weys: the source can be taen anonymous-like fae CVS,<ref>[http://www.openbsd.org/anoncvs.html "Anonymous CVS"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> an binary releases an development snapshots can be dounloadit by FTP, HTTP, and rsync.<ref>[http://www.openbsd.org/ftp.html "Mirrors"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> CD-ROM sets, up tae version 6.0, can be order't online for a smaw fee, thegither wi a curn stickers an a copie o the release's theme sang. Thir things, wi thair airtwark an ither bonuses, his been ane o the project's (no monie) sources o siller. It peys for haurdware, Internet service, an ither costs.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111219075939/http://openbsd.org/orders.html "Orders"]. ''OpenBSD''. Archived frae [http://www.openbsd.org/orders.html the orieginal ane] on the 19 December 2011. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> Stairtin fae version 6.1, CD-ROM sets is no gien oot onie mair. OpenBSD comes wi its ain package management system sae's that programs that is no pairt o its base operatin system can be instawed an managed easie-like.<ref name=":12">[http://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq15.html "Packages and Ports"]. ''OpenBSD Frequently Asked Questions''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> Packages is binarie files that is extractit, managed an taen oot wi the package tools. On OpenBSD, the source o packages is the ports system, a gaitherin thegither o Makefiles an ither infrastructure needit tae create packages. In OpenBSD, the ports an base operatin system is developed an released thegither for ilka version. This means that the ports or packages released wi, for example, 4.6 is no suitable for uisin wi 4.5, an the same the ither wey roond.<ref name=":12" /> === Sangs and airtwark === [[File:Puffyanim.gif|right|thumb|3D-rendered, animatit OpenBSD mascot ''Puffy'']] Tae stairt wi, OpenBSD uised a version (wi a halo) o the BSD daemon mascot drawn by Erick Green, him that wis askit by De Raadt tae draw the logo for the 2.3 and 2.4 versions o OpenBSD. Green planned tae draw a full daemon, heid an body an aw, bit jist the heid wis ready in time for OpenBSD 2.3. The body wi the graip an tail wis ready for OpenBSD 2.4.<ref>[http://www.mckusick.com/beastie/shirts/openbsd.html "OpenBSD"]. ''mckusick.com''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> The follaein releases uised ither things, the likes o a police daemon fae Ty Semaka.<ref>De Raadt, Theo (19 Mey 1999). {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202092721/http://www.monkey.org/openbsd/archive/announce/9905/msg00002.html |date=2014-02-02 }}. ''openbsd-announce'' (Mailin list). Archived frae [http://www.monkey.org/openbsd/archive/announce/9905/msg00002.html the orieginal ane] on the 14 Mairch 2014. "OpenBSD 2.5 introduces the new Cop daemon image done by cartoonist Ty Semeka."</ref> In the hinner end, thay settle't on a pufferfish cried Puffy.<ref>[http://www.openbsd.org/27.html "OpenBSD 2.7"]. ''OpenBSD''. Gotten 20 September 2020.</ref> Fae then on, Puffy his been on OpenBSD promotional material an feature't in release sangs an airtwark. The promotional material o aerlie OpenBSD releases didna hae jist ae theme or design rinnin throu it, bit later the CD-ROMs, release sangs, posters an tee-shirts for ilka release his been produce't wi jist ae style and theme, whilies wi inpit fae Ty Semaka fae the Plaid Tongued Devils.<ref name=":7" /> Thir things his come tae be pairt o OpenBSD's advocacie, wi ilka release pittin ower a moral or political pynt important tae the project, aften by wey o a parodie.<ref>Matzan, Jem (1 December 2006). [http://www.softwareinreview.com/bsd/openbsd_4.0_review.html "OpenBSD 4.0 review"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210225707/http://www.softwareinreview.com/bsd/openbsd_4.0_review.html |date=2020-12-10 }}. ''Software in Review''. Gotten 20 September 2020. "Each OpenBSD release has a graphical theme and a song that goes with it. The theme reflects a major concern that the OpenBSD programmers are addressing or bringing to light."</ref> Thare's been themes the likes o ''Puffy the Barbarian'' in OpenBSD 3.3. Pairt o it wis an 80s [[Rock muisic|rock sang]] an parodie o [[Conan the Barbarian]] hintin at open documentation,<ref name=":7" /> ''The Wizard of OS'' in OpenBSD 3.7, tied tae the project's wark on wireless drivers, an ''Hackers of the Lost RAID'', a parodie o Indiana Jones hintin at the new RAID tools in OpenBSD 3.8. == Beuks == Thare's been a wheen o beuks aboot OpenBSD that wis published, includin: * ''[http://www.devguide.net/index.php?q=node/19 The OpenBSD Command-Line Companion, 1st ed.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815214350/http://www.devguide.net/index.php?q=node%2F19 |date=2019-08-15 }}'' by Jacek Artymiak. ISBN 83-916651-8-6. * ''[http://www.devguide.net/books/openbsdfw-02-ed/ Building Firewalls with OpenBSD and PF: Second Edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060114123635/http://www.devguide.net/books/openbsdfw-02-ed/ |date=2006-01-14 }}'' by Jacek Artymiak. ISBN 83-916651-1-9. * ''[http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/mfreeopenbsd/ Mastering FreeBSD and OpenBSD Security]'' by Yanek Korff, Paco Hope and Bruce Potter. ISBN 0-596-00626-8. * ''Absolute OpenBSD, Unix for the Practical Paranoid'' by Michael W. Lucas. ISBN 1-886411-99-9. * ''[http://www.aw-bc.com/catalog/academic/product/0,1144,0321193660,00.html Secure Architectures with OpenBSD]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}'' by Brandon Palmer and Jose Nazario. ISBN 0-321-19366-0. * ''[http://www.reedmedia.net/books/pf-book/ The OpenBSD PF Packet Filter Book: PF for NetBSD, FreeBSD, DragonFly and OpenBSD]'' published by Reed Media Services. ISBN 0-9790342-0-5. * ''[http://www.wiley.com/legacy/compbooks/catalog/35366-3.htm Building Linux and OpenBSD Firewalls]'' by Wes Sonnenreich and Tom Yates. ISBN 0-471-35366-3. == Notes == {{reflist|group=n}} == References == {{reflist}} == External links == {{commonscat|OpenBSD}} * [http://www.openbsd.org/ OpenBSD's homepage] * [http://www.openssh.com/ OpenSSH's homepage] * [http://www.openntpd.org/ OpenNTPD's homepage] * [http://www.openbgpd.org/ OpenBGPD's homepage] * [http://www.opencvs.org/ OpenCVS's homepage] * [http://www.undeadly.org/ OpenBSD journal] * [http://ports.openbsd.nu/ Unofficial OpenBSD ports tracker] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061001170331/http://ports.openbsd.nu/ |date=2006-10-01 }} * [http://mdoc.su/ Short manual page URLs] * [http://ports.su/ OpenBSD ports and packages search] * [http://BXR.SU/OpenBSD/ Super User's BSD Cross Reference (OpenGrok), OpenBSD] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225001809/http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/ |date=2014-12-25 }} — source code search [[Category:Computers]] [[Category:BSD]] 1si2shxmc8x615mkuimfvdqskwdjsua 0 5826 918364 539588 2026-06-19T15:14:50Z EUPBR 123878 918364 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:POL Świnoujście COA 1.svg|200px|right|]] [[File:Świnoujście_widok_z_promu.JPG|thumb|]] '''Świnoujście''' - is a toun in north-western [[Poland]]. It is the caipital o a [[poviat]] athin West-Pomerania Voivodship. It haes 41.371 (2014) indwallers. {{commons|Świnoujście}} {{Commonscat}} {{#invoke:coordinates|coord|display=title}} [[Category:Ceeties an touns in Poland]] j8qelll7ql4w3m2v1ruhwkvfxv4c5f2 0 5908 918371 885376 2026-06-19T20:50:32Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918371 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Mavis | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name="IUCN2012"> {{IUCN | id=106006407/0 | title=''Turdus philomelos'' | assessors = [[BirdLife International]] | version=2012.1 | year=2012 | accessdate=5 July 2012}}</ref> | image = Song Thrush Turdus philomelos.jpg | image_width = 250px | image_caption = Sangin in the [[Netherlands]] | regnum = [[Animal]]ia | phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] | classis = [[Aves]] | ordo = [[Passerine|Passeriformes]] | familia = [[Thrush (bird)|Turdidae]] | genus = ''[[Turdus]]'' | species = '''''T. philomelos''''' | binomial = ''Turdus philomelos'' | binomial_authority = [[Christian Ludwig Brehm|Brehm]], 1831 | range_map = Tphilomelos.gif | range_map_width = 250px | range_map_caption = {{plainlist | * Breedin range&nbsp;– yellae * Winter range&nbsp;– blue * Present aw year&nbsp;– green }} }} [[File: 01 Song Thrush (2 Dec 2020).webm| thumb |Turdus philomelos]] [[File:Turdus philomelos MHNT ZOO 2010 11 187 Courtalain.jpg|thumb|''Turdus philomelos'']] The '''Mavis''' (''Turdus philomelos'') member o the '''[[throstle]]''' faimlie ''Turdidae''. It is a common bird that's aft fund in gairdens, shaws an widland wi muckle plaunt growthe athort [[Europe]] sooth o the [[Arctic circle]] ==References== {{Reflist}} == Fremmit Airtins == * [http://www.rspb.org.uk/birds/guide/s/songthrush/index.asp RSPB species page] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090925035649/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/wildfacts/factfiles/258.shtml BBC species page] * [http://www.birdsofbritain.co.uk/bird-guide/song-thrush.htm Birds of Breetain species page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070202073527/http://www.birdsofbritain.co.uk/bird-guide/song-thrush.htm |date=2007-02-02 }} * [http://www.garden-birds.co.uk/birds/songthrush.htm Gairden Birds species page] * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/programmes/radio/dawn_chorus/video/songthrush_song.ram Recordin of sang] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225124752/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/programmes/radio/dawn_chorus/video/songthrush_song.ram |date=2009-02-25 }} * [http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/especie.phtml?idEspecie=5955 Mavis videos] on the Internet Bird Collection {{Commons|Turdus philomelos}} {{Commonscat|Turdus philomelos}} [[Category:Turdus]] [[Category:Birds o Australie]] [[Category:Birds o Europe]] [[Category:Birds o Turkey]] [[Category:Birds o New Zealand]] [[Category:Birds o Pakistan]] [[Category:Birds o Palestine]] [[Category:Ainimals descrived in 1831]] [[Category:Birds o Ukraine]] {{stub/Bird}} 6qlj5bvapnhirp0x92mkuf36ut42bnt 0 6074 918372 899142 2026-06-19T20:54:23Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name = Mecca |official_name = |native_name = {{lang|ar|مكة المكرمة}}<br />''{{transl|ar|ALA-LC|Makkah al-Mukarramah}}'' |other_name = Bakkah |other_name = Bakkah |image_skyline = Makkah Montage.jpg |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = Clockwise frae tap left: [[Minaret]]s, the [[Kaaba]], Mecca skyline, [[Abraj Al Bait]], an [[Mina, Saudi Arabie|Mina]] |nickname = ''Umm al-Qurā'' ({{lang|ar|أم القرى}}, "Mother of All Settlements") |image_seal = |motto = |pushpin_map = Saudi Arabia |map_caption = Location o Mecca |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = [[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|25px]] [[Saudi Arabie]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Regions o Saudi Arabie|Region]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Makkah Region]] |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Osama al-Bar |leader_title1 = Provincial Govrenor |leader_name1 = [[Khalid bin Faisal Al Saud]] |leader_title2 = |founder = [[Prophets in Islam|Prophet]] [[Ishmael in Islam|Ismā'īl]], son o [[Abraham in Islam|Abraham]] (Islamic tradeetion)|area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Metric |area_total_km2 = 760 |area_metro_km2 = 1200 |area_urban_km2 = 850 |elevation_m = 277 |area_footnotes = <ref>[http://www.holymakkah.gov.sa/ Mecca Municipality] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805195108/http://www1.holymakkah.gov.sa/ |date=2013-08-05 }}. Holymakkah.gov.sa. Retrieved 3 Februar 2013.</ref> |population_note = |population_as_of = 2010 |population_total = 1675368 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_footnotes = <ref name=syb>{{cite web|title=Population |url=http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/yb47/Pages/MixChapter2.htm |work=Statistical Yearbook 47 (2011) |publisher=Central Department Of Statistics & Information |accessdate=15 November 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131201022443/http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/yb47/Pages/MixChapter2.htm |archivedate=1 December 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref> |timezone = [[Arabie Staundart Time|AST]] |utc_offset = +3 |timezone_DST = [[Arabie Staundart Time|AST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |coordinates = {{coord|21|25|N|39|49|E|region:SA|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type = Postal Code |area_code = (+966) 12 |website = {{URL|http://www.holymakkah.gov.sa}} }} '''Mecca''' ({{IPA|/ˈmɛkə/}}), forby spelt '''Makkah''' (occasionally [[Bakkah|'''''B''akkah''']]) ({{IPA|/ˈmakə/}}; [[Arabic leid|Arabic]]:مكة ''Makkah'' an in fou: [[Arabic leid|Arabic]]:'''مكّة المكرمة''' transliteratit '''''Makkah Al Mukarramah''''' {{IPA-ar|mækːæt ælmukarːamæ|}}) is a ceety in [[Saudi Arabie]], an the haliest meetin site in [[Islam]], closely follaed bi [[Medina]].<ref name="peters 206">{{cite book |title=The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places |url=https://archive.org/details/hajjmuslimpilgri0000pete |last=Peters |first=Francis E.|year=1994 |publisher=Princeton University Press |location= |isbn=0-691-02619-X |page=[https://archive.org/details/hajjmuslimpilgri0000pete/page/206 206] }}</ref><ref>Hoyle, Ben. "[http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/visual_arts/architecture_and_design/article5254471.ece British architects to change the face of Mecca]{{Dead link|date=October 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[The Times]]''. November 29, 2008.</ref><ref>Fattah, Hassan M.[http://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/20/international/middleeast/20mecca.html Islamic Pilgrims Bring Cosmopolitan Air to Unlikely City], ''[[New York Times]]''. January 20, 2005.</ref> Islamic tradeetion attributes the beginnin o Mecca tae [[Ishmael]]'s descendants. In the 7t century, the [[Prophets o Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]] proclaimed Islam in the ceety whilk wis bi then an important tred center. Efter 966, Mecca wis led bi local [[sharif]]s. Whan the owerins o the [[Ottoman Empire]] in the aurie foondert in 1916, the local rulers establisht the [[Hashemite]] [[Kinrick o Hejaz]].<ref name = encarta>[http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761577367/Mecca.html Mecca] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091028055612/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761577367/Mecca.html |date=2009-10-28 }}at [[Microsoft]] [[Encarta]]. ( 2009-11-01.</ref> The Hejaz kinrick, includin Mecca, wis absorbit bi the [[Hoose o Saud|Saudis]] in 1925. In its modren period, Mecca haes seen tremendous waxin in size an infrastructure. The modren day ceety is the caipital o Saudi Arabie's [[Makkah Province]], in the historic [[Hejaz]] region. Wi a population o 1.7 million (2008), the ceety is locatit 73&nbsp;km (45&nbsp;mi) inland frae Jeddah in a narra glen at a hicht o 277&nbsp;m (909&nbsp;ft) abuin sea level. Ivery year, millions o Muslims perform the [[Hajj]] pilgrimage tae Mecca walkin seiven times aroond the [[Kaaba]] an mair nor 13 million fowk veisit Mecca annually.<ref>A Saudi tower: Mecca versus Las Vegas: Taller, holier and even more popular than (almost) anywhere else, [[The Economist]], dated Jun 24th 2010, Cairo.</ref> == Etymology an uisage == ''Mecca'' is the oreeginal Inglis [[transliteration]] o the Arabic an is still maist commonly uised in Inglish dictionaries,<ref name=oed-mecca>[http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/mecca?view=uk Oxford English Dictionary]{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (retrieved on 2009-09-24) indicates Mecca is the proper English language form and demonstrates the generic use of Mecca as in eg "a Mecca for holidaymakers"; there is no entry for Makkah as of 2009-09-24.</ref> bi internaitional organisations in thair Inglis leid literature<ref>For example the [[United Nations]] [http://search.un.org/search?ie=utf8&site=un_org&output=xml_no_dtd&client=UN_Website_English&num=10&lr=lang_en&proxystylesheet=UN_Website_en&oe=utf8&q=mecca&Submit=Go website]{{Dead link|date=April 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, the US State Department [http://search.state.gov/search?site=stategov|oig|fpc|bmena|usawc|mepi|travel|stategov_exchanges|careers|foia|aiep|pepfar|cspo|crs|pmdtc|adop|stategov_lang&client=stategov_frontend&output=xml_no_dtd&proxystylesheet=stategov_frontend&entqr=3&lr=lang_en&oe=utf8&ie=utf8&sort=date%3AD%3AS%3Ad1&getfields=*&q=mecca&search-button.x=0&search-button.y=0&search-button=Search website]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (e.g. "[http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/101756.pdf The Islamic juristic school known as Salafiyyah]" and the British FCO [https://web.archive.org/web/20090421132254/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/newsroom/latest-news/?view=Speech&id=16347575 website (example only as search can not be linked)]; all retrieved 2009-09-24.</ref> an in academic writin.<ref>Wehr, Hans: "Arabic-English Dictionary", fourth edition (compact version), page 85.</ref><ref>Penrice, John: "A Dictionary and Glossary of the Koran", page 19.</ref> == Notes == {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == * {{Wikivoyage|Mecca}} * [http://www.qul.org.au/islamic-occasions/hajj-the-pilgrimage/1178-hajj-in-3d Mecca in 3D] See POI o Mecca in 360 Pano Pics * [http://www.holymakkah.gov.sa/ Holy Mecca Municipality] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805195108/http://www1.holymakkah.gov.sa/ |date=2013-08-05 }} Offeecial wabsteid {{ar icon}} * [http://www.saudinf.com/main/a83.htm Saudi Information Resource – Holy Mecca] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060821222527/http://www.saudinf.com/main/a83.htm |date=2006-08-21 }} * [http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/b/burton/richard/b97p/chapter27.html Personal Narrative o a Pilgrimage tae Al Madinah an Meccah] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201031904/http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/b/burton/richard/b97p/chapter27.html |date=2008-12-01 }}, bi [[Richard Burton]] {{Commonscat}} [[Category:Mecca| ]] [[Category:Populatit places in Makkah Province]] {{Stub/SaudiArabie}} {{Stub/Ceity}} ikbskeziygo6jg9bm7hiemxzoi9lbrq 0 8538 918341 914269 2026-06-19T13:41:33Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|42|35|N|21|00|E|display=title}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Republic o Kosovo | native_name = {{unbulleted list |item_style=font-size:81%; |{{native name|sq|Republika e Kosovës|italics=off}} |{{native name|sr|Република Косово <br/> Republika Kosovo|italics=off}} }} | common_name = Kosovo | image_flag = Flag of Kosovo.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Kosovo.svg | image_map = Europe-Republic of Kosovo.svg | map_caption = Location an extent o Kosovo in [[Europe]]. | national_motto = | national_anthem = "[[Europe (anthem)|Europe]]"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110215123402/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2008&mm=06&dd=11&nav_id=51011 "Assembly approves Kosovo anthem"], ''b92.net'', 11 June 2008. Link accessed 11 June 2008.</ref><br/><center>[[File:National Anthem of the Republic of Kosovo.ogg]]</center> | official_languages = {{hlist |[[Albanie leid|Albanie]] |[[Serbie leid|Serbie]]}} | regional_languages = {{hlist |[[Bosnie leid|Bosnie]] |[[Turkis leid|Turkis]] |[[Gora dialect|Gorani]] |[[Romani leid|Romani]]}} | demonym = {{unbulleted list |Kosovar, Kosovan}} | capital = {{nowrap|[[Pristina]]}} | status = [[Leet o states wi leemitit recogneetion|Disputit]]<br/> * [[Internaitional recogeetion o Kosovo|Recognised bi 111 member states]] o the [[Unitit Naitions]] * Claimed bi [[Serbie]] as the ''[[Autonomous Province o Kosovo an Metohija]]'' {{small|(unner [[Unitit Naitions Security Cooncil Resolution 1244|UN Security Cooncil resolution 1244]])}} | coordinates = {{Coord|42|40|N|21|10|E|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | government_type = [[Unitar state|Unitar]] [[Pairlamentary republic]] | leader_title1 = [[Preses o Kosovo|Preses]] | leader_name1 = [[Vjosa Osmani]] | leader_title2 = [[Prime Meenister o Kosovo|Prime Meenister]] | leader_name2 = [[Albin Kurti]] | legislature = [[Assemmly o Kosovo]] | leader_title3 = [[Chairman o the Assembly o Kosovo|Chairman o the Assembly]] | leader_name3 = [[Glauk Konjufca]] | area_magnitude = 1 E10 | area_km2 = 10,908 | area_sq_mi = 4,212 | percent_water = 1.0<ref>{{cite web|title=Water percentage in Kosovo (Facts about Kosovo; 2011 Agriculture Statistics)|url=http://ask.rks-gov.net/|publisher=Kosovo Agency of Statistics, KAS}}</ref> | population_estimate = 1,907,592<ref name=Demographics2015>{{cite web|title=Demographics of Kosovo (2016)|url=http://www.geoba.se/country.php?cc=XK&year=2018|publisher=Geoba.se|access-date=2018-02-09|archive-date=2017-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810091013/http://www.geoba.se/country.php?cc=XK&year=2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2016 | population_census_year = 2011 | population_density_km2 = 159 | population_density_sq_mi = 412 | GDP_PPP_year = 2017 | GDP_PPP = $19 billion<ref name="imf2">{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=43&pr.y=14&sy=2017&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=967&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Kosovo |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=1 April 2017}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $10,383 | GDP_nominal_year = 2017 | GDP_nominal = $7 billion<ref name="imf2"/> | GDP_nominal_rank = | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $3,581 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | Gini_year = FY2005/2006 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini = 30.0 <!--number only--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2172rank.html |title=Distribution of family income&nbsp;– Gini index |work=The World Factbook |publisher=CIA |accessdate=31 August 2014 |archive-date=2011-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604005151/http://www.forbes.com/feeds/afx/2007/06/12/afx3810988.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gini_rank = 121 | HDI_year = 2013 | HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI = 0.786 <!--number only--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Kosovo Human Development Report 2014|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/khdr2014english.pdf|publisher=Swiss Cooperation Office Kosovo|accessdate=4 July 2015|format=PDF|date=2014}}</ref> | HDI_rank = | currency = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]])^c | currency_code = EUR | time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset = +1 | time_zone_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset_DST = +2 | drives_on = richt | calling_code = [[Telephone nummers in Kosovo|+383]]^d | iso3166code = XK <!--^e--> | established_event1 = [[Kosovo Vilayet]] | established_date1 = 1877 | established_event2 = [[Socialist Autonomous Province o Kosovo|Autonomous Province]] | established_date2 = 31 Januar 1946 | established_event3 = [[Republic o Kosova]] | established_date3 = 2 Julie 1990 | established_event4 = [[UN Security Cooncil Resolution 1244|UNSCR 1244]] | established_date4 = 10 Juin 1999 | established_event5 = [[Unitit Naitions Interim Admeenistration Mission in Kosovo|UN Admeenistration]] | established_date5 = Juin 1999 | established_event6 = [[2008 Kosovo declaration o unthirrldom|Declaration o unthirldom]] | established_date6 = 17 Februar 2008 | established_event7 = [[Internaitional Steerin Group for Kosovo|End o Steerin Group superveesion]] | established_date7 = 10 September 2012 | established_event8 = [[Brussels Greement (2013)|Brussels Greement]] | established_date8 = 19 Apryle 2013 | footnote_a = 2014 estimate. A new estimate haes been addit in order tae gie a mair correct GDP per capita. | footnote_b = Preliminar results o 2011 census, that excludit fower northren Serb-majority municipalities whaur it coud nae be cairied oot. | footnote_c = Adoptit unilaterally; Kosovo is nae a formal member o the [[eurozone]]. | footnote_d = Assigned 15 December 2016 tae Kosovo bi ITU.<ref>[https://www.itu.int/itudoc/itu-t/ob-lists/icc/e164_763.pdf LIST OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATION E.164 ASSIGNED COUNTRY CODES]</ref> [[+381]] wis previously uised for fixed lines. Kosovo-licensed mobile-phone providers uised [[Telephone nummers in Monaco|+377]] (Monaco) or [[Telephone nummers in Slovenie|+386]] (Slovenie) insteid. | footnote_e = XK is a "uiser assigned" ISO 3166 code nae designatit bi the staundart, but uised bi the [[European Commission]], [[Swisserland]], the [[Deutsche Bundesbank]] an ither organisations. }} [[File:Districts of Kosovo.png|thumb|Territorial organization]] [[File:Panorama of Kacanik, Kosovo.jpg|thumb|Panorama of Kacanik]] [[File:Kulla e Brahim Hoxhës, Junik.jpg|thumb|Junik]] [[File:Church of the Holy Saviour - Prizren.jpg|thumb|Old Church of the Holy Saviour in Prizren]] [[File:070706 Ulpiana 01.jpg|thumb|Ruins o Roman city in Ulpiana]] '''Kosovo''' is a Balkan kintra in sooth-wastren Europe. It haes a laund mairch wi [[Montenegro]] tae the nor'wast, [[Serbie]] in the nor'east, the [[Republic o Macedonie]] in the south an wi [[Albanie]] in the sooth east. == Recognition == Serbie hinna recognised Kosovo as a kintra, gied Kosovo declared unthirldom frae Serbie. A list o aw the kintras whit hae recognised the kintra is here ablo: {| class="wikitable sortable" ! # !! Kintra<ref name="recognition">{{dead link|date=August 2019}}[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,259 Countries that have recognized the Republic of Kosova], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo</ref> !! Date o [[diplomatic recognition|recognition]] !! Reference |- | 1 || {{CRI}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|17}} || <ref>[http://www.rree.go.cr/file.php?id_file=310 Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto Memoria Institucional 2007–2008] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924092418/http://www.rree.go.cr/file.php?id_file=310 |date=24 September 2015 }} (in Spanish) p.93</ref> |- | 2 || {{AFG}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|18}} || <ref>[http://kosova.org/post/The-Statement-of-Afghanistan-on-the-Recognition-of-Independence-of-Kosovo The Statement of Islamic Republic of Afghanistan on the Recognition of Independence of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Afghanistan, 2008-02-18, [https://web.archive.org/web/20140714094856/http://kosova.org/post/The-Statement-of-Afghanistan-on-the-Recognition-of-Independence-of-Kosovo archived from the original on 14 July 2014]</ref> |- | 3 || {{ALB}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|18}} || <ref>[http://www.km.gov.al/?fq=brenda&m=news&lid=7323&gj=gj2 Statement of Prime Minister of Albania Mr. Sali Berisha on Recognition of Independence of Kosova], Republic of Albania Council of Ministers, 2008-02-18 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425231648/http://www.km.gov.al/?fq=brenda&m=news&lid=7323&gj=gj2 |date=25 April 2015 }}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150425224959/http://www.km.gov.al/?fq=brenda&m=news&lid=7323 According to the official text of recognition] and the [https://books.google.com/books?id=-OhPTJn8ZWoC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq=Declaration+of+Assembly+of+Albania,+on+October+21,+1991&source=bl&ots=75u564MqRc&sig=Sc0Gdrmr4da8dLn-e6_5wBCLyeg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BF17T6mJL-334QSt7tCHBA&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Declaration%20of%20Assembly%20of%20Albania%2C%20on%20October%2021%2C%201991&f=false law of 1991] of the [[People's Assembly of Albania]] the Republic of Albania recognised the Republic of Kosovo, based on the law of 1991, which recognised the [[Republic of Kosova]] on {{dts|format=dmy|1991|10|21}}. On 18 February 2008, Albania decided to take full diplomatic relations and accredit an ambassador to Pristina.</ref> |- | 4 || {{FRA}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|18}} || <ref>[http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files_156/kosovo_6154/index.html Kosovo declares independence], Ministry of Foreign Affairs, France, 2008-02-18 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217164449/http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files_156/kosovo_6154/index.html |date=17 December 2014 }}</ref> |- | 5 || {{SEN}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|18}} || <ref>[http://www.aps.sn/articles.php?id_article=40531 Senegal – Kosovo, Dakar reconnaît le nouvel Etat] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217162049/http://www.aps.sn/articles.php?id_article=40531 |date=17 December 2014 }}, Agence de Presse Sénégalaise 2008-02-18 (in French)</ref><ref>[http://www.haaba.com/news/2008/02/19/7-93587/senegal-recognises-kosovos-independence-ministry Senegal recognises Kosovo's independence: ministry], haaba.com, 2008-02-19 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217183113/http://www.haaba.com/news/2008/02/19/7-93587/senegal-recognises-kosovos-independence-ministry |date=17 February 2012 }}</ref> |- | 6 || {{TUR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|18}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa.gov.tr/statement-of-h_e_-mr_-ali-babacan_-minister-of-foreign-affairs-of-the-republic--of-turkey_-regarding-the-recognition-of-kosovo.en.mfa Statement of H.E. Mr. Ali Babacan, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey, Regarding the Recognition of Kosovo by Turkey] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204105043/http://www.mfa.gov.tr/statement-of-h_e_-mr_-ali-babacan_-minister-of-foreign-affairs-of-the-republic--of-turkey_-regarding-the-recognition-of-kosovo.en.mfa |date=4 December 2008 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey, 2008-02-18</ref> |- | 7 || {{GBR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|18}} || <ref>[http://uk.reuters.com/article/2008/02/18/uk-kosovo-serbia-britain-idUKL1824693920080218 UK recognises Kosovo independence], Reuters. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031170056/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2008/02/18/uk-kosovo-serbia-britain-idUKL1824693920080218 |date=31 October 2014 }}</ref> |- | 8 || {{USA}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|18}} || <ref>[http://2001-2009.state.gov/secretary/rm/2008/02/100973.htm U.S. Recognizes Kosovo as Independent State], U.S. Department of State, 2008-02-18</ref> |- | 9 || {{AUS}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|19}} || <ref>[https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;db=CHAMBER;id=chamber%2Fhansardr%2F2008-02-18%2F0034;query=Id%3A%22chamber%2Fhansardr%2F2008-02-18%2F0080%22 QUESTIONS WITHOUT NOTICE Kosovo], Parliament of Australia, 2008-02-18</ref> |- | 10 || {{LVA}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|20}} || <ref>[http://www.am.gov.lv/en/security/news/4457/?pg=10306 Announcement by Minister of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Latvia on recognition of Kosovo's independence] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217170534/http://www.am.gov.lv/en/security/news/4457/?pg=10306 |date=2014-12-17 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia, 2011-02-20</ref> |- | 11 || {{GER}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|20}} || <ref>[http://www.bundesregierung.de/nn_6516/Content/EN/Archiv16/Artikel/2008/02/2008-02-20-deutschland-erkennt-kosovo-an__en.html Germany recognises Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019052233/http://www.bundesregierung.de/nn_6516/Content/EN/Archiv16/Artikel/2008/02/2008-02-20-deutschland-erkennt-kosovo-an__en.html |date=19 October 2011 }}, German Federal Government, 2008-02-20</ref> |- | 12 || {{EST}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|21}} || <ref>[http://www.vm.ee/en/node/682 Estonia recognises Republic of Kosovo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604164525/http://www.vm.ee/en/node/682 |date=4 June 2011 }}, Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2008-02-21</ref> |- | 13 || {{ITA}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|21}} || <ref>[http://www.governo.it/Governo/ConsiglioMinistri/dettaglio.asp?d=38401 Consiglio dei Ministri n. 93 del 21 febbraio 2008] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080402053007/http://www.governo.it/Governo/ConsiglioMinistri/dettaglio.asp?d=38401 |date=2 April 2008 }}, Italian Council of Ministers, 2008-02-21 (in Italian)</ref> |- | 14 || {{DEN}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|21}} || <ref>[http://www.ambbeirut.um.dk/en/menu/aboutus/news/denmarkrecognizeskosovoasanindependentstate.htm Denmark recognizes Kosovo as an independent state] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719132945/http://www.ambbeirut.um.dk/en/menu/aboutus/news/denmarkrecognizeskosovoasanindependentstate.htm |date=19 July 2011 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark, 2008-05-12</ref> |- | 15 || {{LUX}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|21}} || <ref>[http://www.gouvernement.lu/salle_presse/actualite/2008/02-fevrier/20-asselborn-kosovo/index.html Le Luxembourg reconnaît formellement le Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226145534/http://www.gouvernement.lu/salle_presse/actualite/2008/02-fevrier/20-asselborn-kosovo/index.html |date=26 February 2008 }}, Le Gouvernement du Grande-Duché de Luxembourg, 2008-02-21 (in French)</ref> |- | 16 || {{PER}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|22}} || <ref>[http://www.rree.gob.pe/portal/boletinInf.nsf/mrealdia/C9B70437F80DBAF7052573F700710D15?OpenDocument Perú decide reconocer independencia de Kósovoe] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226065905/http://www.rree.gob.pe/portal/boletinInf.nsf/mrealdia/C9B70437F80DBAF7052573F700710D15?OpenDocument |date=26 February 2008 }}, Peruvian Ministry of External Relations, 2008-02-22 (in Spanish)</ref> |- | 17 || {{BEL}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|24}} || <ref>[http://www.kosovothanksyou.com/files/Belgium_RoyalDecree.pdf Koninklijk besluit betreffende de erkenning van de Republiek Kosovo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816102709/http://www.kosovothanksyou.com/files/Belgium_RoyalDecree.pdf |date=2018-08-16 }}, Kosovo Thanks You, 2008-02-18 (in Dutch and French)</ref> |- | 18 || {{POL}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|26}} || <ref>[https://archive.today/20120805145303/http://www.premier.gov.pl/en/press_centre/news/government_has_recognised_the_,2220/ Government has recognised the independence of Kosovo], The Chancellery of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland, 2008-02-26</ref> |- | 19 || {{SUI}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|27}} || <ref>[http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/eur/vkos/bilkos.html Bilateral relations between Switzerland and Kosovo], Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of the Swiss Confederation, 2008-02-27</ref> |- | 20 ||{{AUT}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|28}} || <ref>[http://www.bmeia.gv.at/en/foreign-ministry/news/press-releases/2008/plassnik-letter-on-kosovos-recognition-signed.html Plassnik: "Letter on Kosovo's recognition signed"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109032659/http://www.bmeia.gv.at/en/foreign-ministry/news/press-releases/2008/plassnik-letter-on-kosovos-recognition-signed.html |date=2012-11-09 }}, Federal Ministry for European and International Affairs of the Republic of Austria, 2008-02-28</ref> |- | 21 ||{{IRL}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|02|29}} || <ref>[http://foreignaffairs.gov.ie/home/index.aspx?id=42938 Minister for Foreign Affairs Dermot Ahern TD Announces Ireland's recognition of the Republic of Kosovo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080305011519/http://foreignaffairs.gov.ie/home/index.aspx?id=42938 |date=5 March 2008 }}, Department of Foreign Affairs, 2008-02-29</ref> |- | 22 ||{{SWE}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|4}} || <ref>[http://www.sweden.gov.se/sb/d/10358/a/99714 Sweden recognises the Republic of Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080305191825/http://www.sweden.gov.se/sb/d/10358/a/99714 |date=5 March 2008 }}, Swedish Ministry for Foreign Affairs, 2008-03-04</ref> |- | 23 ||{{NLD}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|4}} || <ref>[http://www.government.nl/news/2008/03/04/the-netherlands-recognises-kosovo.html The Netherlands recognises Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621042809/https://www.government.nl/latest/news/2008/03/04/the-netherlands-recognises-kosovo |date=21 June 2018}}, Government of the Netherlands, 2008-03-04</ref> |- | 24 ||{{ISL}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|5}} || <ref>[http://eng.utanrikisraduneyti.is/speeches-and-articles/nr/4135 The Government of Iceland formally recognizes Kosovo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308125219/http://eng.utanrikisraduneyti.is/speeches-and-articles/nr/4135 |date=2012-03-08 }}, Iceland Foreign Ministry, 2008-03-05</ref> |- | 25 ||{{SVN}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|5}} || <ref>[http://www.sta.si/en/vest.php?s=a&id=1264437 Slovenia Recognizes Kosovo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216171112/http://www.sta.si/en/vest.php?s=a&id=1264437 |date=2009-02-16 }}, Slovenian Press Agency, 5 March 2008</ref> |- | 26 || {{FIN}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|7}} || <ref>[http://formin.finland.fi/Public/default.aspx?contentid=123797&nodeid=15145&contentlan=2&culture=en-US Finland recognised the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, 2008-03-07</ref> |- | 27 || {{JPN}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|18}} || <ref>[http://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/announce/2008/3/0318.html Statement by Foreign Minister Masahiko Koumura on the Recognition of the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, 2008-03-18</ref> |- | 28 || {{CAN}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|18}} || <ref>[http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/croatia-croatie/bilateral_relations_bilaterales/canada_kosovo.aspx?lang=eng Canada-Kosovo Relations], Government of Canada, 2010-07-12</ref> |- | 29 || {{MCO}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|19}} || <ref>[http://www.president-ksgov.net/?page=1,6,972 Principata e Monakos njohu Republikën e Kosovës], President of the Republic of Kosovo, 2008-03-19 (in Albanian)</ref> |- | 30 || {{HUN}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|19}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa.gov.hu/kum/en/bal/actualities/spokesman_statements/Kosovo_recognition_080319.htm Hungary recognizes Kosovo's Independence] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080323041624/http://www.mfa.gov.hu/kum/en/bal/actualities/spokesman_statements/Kosovo_recognition_080319.htm |date=23 March 2008 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Hungary, 2008-03-19</ref> |- | 31 || {{CRO}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|19}} || <ref>[http://www.vlada.hr/en/naslovnica/novosti_i_najave/2008/ozujak/hrvatska_priznala_kosovo Croatia recognises Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080324111856/http://www.vlada.hr/en/naslovnica/novosti_i_najave/2008/ozujak/hrvatska_priznala_kosovo |date=24 March 2008 }}, Government of the Republic of Croatia, 2008-03-19</ref> |- | 32 || {{BGR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|20}} || <ref>[http://old.government.bg/cgi-bin/e-cms/vis/vis.pl?s=001&p=0137&n=575 Sergei Stanishev: Bulgarian Government's decision to recognize the independence of Kosovo is fully complied with the country's national interests and our commitment to the future of the region] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191126065938/http://old.government.bg/cgi-bin/e-cms/vis/vis.pl?s=001 |date=2019-11-26 }}, Council of Ministers of the Republic of Bulgaria, 2008-03-20</ref> |- | 33 || {{LIE}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|25}} || <ref>[http://www.llv.li/amtsstellen/llv-pia-pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-alt.htm?pmid=108807&lpid=3789&imainpos=15844 Liechtenstein anerkennt den Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403062343/http://www.llv.li/amtsstellen/llv-pia-pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-alt.htm?pmid=108807&lpid=3789&imainpos=15844 |date=3 April 2008 }}, Liechtenstein government, 2008-03-28 (in German)</ref> |- | 34 || {{ROK}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|28}} || <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080409223926/http://www.mofat.go.kr/webmodule/htsboard/template/read/engboardread.jsp?typeID=12&boardid=302&seqno=306110&c=TITLE&t=&pagenum=1&tableName=TYPE_ENGLISH&pc=undefined&dc=&wc=&lu=&vu=&iu=&du= Recognition of the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Republic of Korea, 2008-03-28</ref> |- | 35 || {{NOR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|03|28}} || <ref>[http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/ud/press/News/2008/norway_kosovo.html?id=505130 Norway recognises Kosovo as an independent state], Norway – Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2008-03-28</ref> |- | 36 || {{MHL}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|04|17}} || <ref>[http://www.newkosovareport.com/20080417889/Politics/breaking-news-republic-of-the-marshall-islands-has-recognized-kosovo.html Republic of the Marshall Islands has recognized Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022131450/http://newkosovareport.com/20080417889/Politics/breaking-news-republic-of-the-marshall-islands-has-recognized-kosovo.html |date=22 October 2013 }}, New Kosova Report, 2008-04-17</ref> |- | 37 || {{BFA}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|04|23}} || <ref>[http://www.newkosovareport.com/20080424902/Politics/Burkina-Faso-recognizes-Kosovo.html Burkina Faso recognizes Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080428231354/http://www.newkosovareport.com/20080424902/Politics/Burkina-Faso-recognizes-Kosovo.html |date=28 April 2008 }}, New Kosova Report, 2008-04-24</ref><ref name="Burkina, Nauru">{{cite web | url=https://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2008&mm=04&dd=24&nav_id=49716 | title=Burkina Faso, Nauru recognize Kosovo | publisher=B92 | date=24 April 2008 | access-date=21 June 2018}}</ref> |- | 38 || {{LTU}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|05|6}} || <ref>[http://www3.lrs.lt/pls/inter3/dokpaieska.showdoc_l?p_id=319343 Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania Resolution on the Recognition of the Republic of Kosovo], Chancellery of the Parliament of Lithuania, 2008-05-06</ref> |- | 39 || {{SMR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|05|12}} || <ref>[https://archive.today/20120906042055/http://www.interni.segreteria.sm/on-line/Home/DelibereC.d.S..html?P0_path=/home/tomcat/indicizzazione/indexdelibere&P0_paginazione=10&P0_pagina=1&P0_oggetto=Kosovo&P0_numero=&P0_data_gg=&P0_data_mm=&P0_data_aa=&annoiniziale=&annofinale=&P0_document=&P0_data_ordered=&P0_maxresults=2000&P0_orderBy=data_ordered,numero&P0_order=desc,asc&P0_operatorMustBe=only&indicericerca=-1&x=0&y=0 Delibera n. 8 del 12/05/2008 – Riconoscimento della Repubblica del Kosovo da parte della Re-pubblica di San Marino], Secretary of State for Internal Affairs of the Republic of San Marino</ref> |- | 40 || {{CZE}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|05|21}} || <ref>[http://www.mzv.cz/wwwo/mzv/default.asp?id=58430&ido=6569&idj=2&amb=1 The Czech Republic has recognized independence of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 2008-05-21 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015212559/http://www.mzv.cz/wwwo/mzv/default.asp?id=58430&ido=6569&idj=2&amb=1 |date=15 October 2015 }}</ref> |- | 41 || {{LBR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|05|30}}{{refn|group="fn"|In Juin 2018, follaein a meetin atween Liberian Foreign Minister [[Gbehzohngar Milton Findley]] and Serbian Foreign Minister [[Ivica Dacic]], a note frae the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Liberia wis published whit sayed in part that it "annuls its letter o recognition o Kosovo."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2018&mm=06&dd=20&nav_id=104444|title=Liberia annuls letter of recognition of Kosovo|date=2018-06-20|access-date=2018-06-25|publisher=[[B92]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.blic.rs/vesti/politika/crno-na-belo-o-kosovu-dacic-je-ovim-dokumentima-zapusio-usta-pristinskim-politicarima/gl8x2xlCRNO|title=NA BELO O KOSOVU Dačić je ovim dokumentima zapušio usta prištinskim političarima|date=2018-07-04|access-date=2018-07-14|archive-date=2020-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517203849/https://www.blic.rs/vesti/politika/crno-na-belo-o-kosovu-dacic-je-ovim-dokumentima-zapusio-usta-pristinskim-politicarima/gl8x2xlCRNO|url-status=dead}}</ref> A feu days later, Liberie's MFA sayed on its wabsteid that it wished "to refute reports in som internaitional an social media o its removal o diplomatic relations wi the Republic o Kosovo."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mofa.gov.lr/public2/2press.php?news_id=3108&related=7&pg=sp|title=Liberia Reaffirms Bilateral Ties with Kosovo|access-date=2018-06-25|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Liberia|archive-date=2020-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514145103/http://www.mofa.gov.lr/public2/2press.php?news_id=3108&related=7&pg=sp|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || <ref>[http://www.newkosovareport.com/20080530967/Politics/liberia-recognizes-kosovo.html Liberia Recognizes Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714172733/http://www.newkosovareport.com/20080530967/Politics/liberia-recognizes-kosovo.html |date=14 July 2011 }}, Liberian Daily Observer, 2011-02-20</ref> |- | 42 || {{COL}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|08|4}} || <ref>[http://mre.cancilleria.gov.co/wps/portal/espanol/!ut/p/c0/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os_jQsKAwo2AXYwN3n2BnA08z82BHf2dfQwMDA_2CbEdFAJSyt1c!/?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wps/wcm/connect/WCM_MENUPRINCIPAL_MRE/menu+principal/relaciones+internacionales/bilaterales/europa/kosovo Colombia reconoció formalmente la República de Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223095152/http://mre.cancilleria.gov.co/wps/portal/espanol/%21ut/p/c0/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os_jQsKAwo2AXYwN3n2BnA08z82BHf2dfQwMDA_2CbEdFAJSyt1c%21/?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=%2Fwps%2Fwcm%2Fconnect%2FWCM_MENUPRINCIPAL_MRE%2Fmenu+principal%2Frelaciones+internacionales%2Fbilaterales%2Feuropa%2Fkosovo |date=23 February 2013 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Colombia, 2008-08-04 (in Spanish)</ref> |- | 43 || {{BLZ}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|08|7}} || <ref>[http://www.president-ksgov.net/?page=1,6,884 Belize njeh pavarësinë e Kosovës], President of the Republic of Kosovo, 2008-08-07 (in Albanian)</ref> |- | 44 || {{MLT}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|08|22}} || <ref>[http://www.foreign.gov.mt/default.aspx?MDIS=21&NWID=68 Malta Recognizes Kosovo as an Independent State] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627211252/http://www.foreign.gov.mt/default.aspx?MDIS=21&NWID=68 |date=2009-06-27 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Malta, 2008-08-22</ref> |- | 45 || {{WSM}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|09|15}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,54 Samoa njeh pavarësinë e Kosovës], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo, 2008-09-15 (in Albanian)</ref><ref>[http://www.newkosovareport.com/200809151219/Politics/samoa-recognizes-independent-kosovo.html Samoa recognizes independent Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111017142205/http://www.newkosovareport.com/200809151219/Politics/samoa-recognizes-independent-kosovo.html |date=17 October 2011 }}, New Kosova Report, 2008-09-15</ref> |- | 46 || {{POR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|10|7}} || <ref>[http://kosova.org/docs/independence/Portugal.pdf Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros: Comunicado de Imprensa – Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721223059/http://kosova.org/docs/independence/Portugal.pdf |date=21 July 2011 }}, 2008-10-07 (in Portuguese)</ref> |- | 47 || {{MNE}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|10|9}} || <ref>[http://www.gov.me/en/search/33098/164405.html Joint Statement of the Government of Montenegro and the Government of the Republic of Macedonia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620180920/http://www.gov.me/en/search/33098/164405.html |date=2018-06-20 }}, Government of Montenegro, 2008-10-09</ref> |- | 48 || {{North Macedonia}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|10|9}} || <ref>[http://www.mia.com.mk/default.aspx?vId=57722300&lId=2 Macedonia recognizes Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015121606/http://www.mia.com.mk/default.aspx?vId=57722300&lId=2 |date=15 October 2008 }}, Macedonian Information Agency, 2008-10-09</ref> |- | 49 || {{ARE}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|10|14}} || <ref>[http://www.wam.org.ae/servlet/Satellite?c=WamLocEnews&cid=1223546208865&p=1135099400124&pagename=WAM%2FWamLocEnews%2FW-T-LEN-FullNews UAE recognises Kosovo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081017065840/http://www.wam.org.ae/servlet/Satellite?c=WamLocEnews&cid=1223546208865&p=1135099400124&pagename=WAM%2FWamLocEnews%2FW-T-LEN-FullNews |date=17 October 2008 }}, Emirates News Agency, 2008-10-14</ref> |- | 50 || {{MYS}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|10|30}} || <ref>[http://www.kln.gov.my/?m_id=26&vid=797 Press Statement by the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Malaysia on the recognition of Kosovo's independence], Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia, 2008-11-01 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090917092630/http://www.kln.gov.my/?m_id=26&vid=797 |date=17 September 2009 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.kosovothanksyou.com/files/MalaysiaRecognizesTheIndependenceOfKosovo.jpg Verbal Note] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928082041/http://www.kosovothanksyou.com/files/MalaysiaRecognizesTheIndependenceOfKosovo.jpg |date=2013-09-28 }}, Kosovo Thanks You</ref> |- | 51 || {{flag|Micronesia}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|12|5}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,117 Micronesia recognizes independence of Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2008-12-05</ref><ref>[http://www.fsmgov.org/press/pr120508.htm FSM Recognizes Kosovo Act of Self-Determination] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330162928/http://www.fsmgov.org/press/pr120508.htm |date=30 March 2017 }}, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, 2008-12-05</ref> |- | 52 || {{PAN}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|01|16}} || <ref>[http://www.presidencia.gob.pa/noticia.php?cod=10471 Comunicado de prensa sobre reconocimiento de la República de Kosovo], Presidencia de la República de Panamá, 2009-01-16 (in Spanish) {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926181330/http://www.presidencia.gob.pa/noticia.php?cod=10471 |date=26 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/index.php?page=2,4,124 Panama recognized independent state of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2009-01-16</ref> |- | 53 || {{MDV}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|02|19}} || <ref>[http://www.foreign.gov.mv/v3/?p=news&view=sep&nid=3042 Maldives extends full diplomatic recognition to the Republic of Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722222923/http://www.foreign.gov.mv/v3/?p=news&view=sep&nid=3042 |date=22 July 2011 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Maldives, 2009-02-19</ref> |- | 54 || {{GMB}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|04|7}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,168 Gambia recognizes Kosovo's independence], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2009-04-07</ref> |- | 55 || {{SAU}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|04|20}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,171 The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia recognizes the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2009-04-20</ref> |- | 56 || {{COM}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|05|14}} || <ref>[https://telegrafi.com/pacolli-thote-se-comors-nuk-e-ka-terhequr-njohjen-per-kosoven/</ref><ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,175 Union of the Comoros recognizes the Republic of Kosovo, as an independent and sovereign state], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2009-05-19</ref> |- | 57 || {{BHR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|05|19}} || <ref>[http://www.bna.bh/portal/en/news/433388 Bahrain recognizes Kosovo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907125751/http://www.bna.bh/portal/en/news/433388 |date=2012-09-07 }}, Bahrain News Agency, 2009-05-19</ref> |- | 58 || {{JOR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|7|7}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,12 Jordan recognizes the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2009-07-08</ref> |- | 59 || {{DOM}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|7|10}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,11 Dominican Republic recognized the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2009-07-11</ref><ref>[http://kosovothanksyou.com/files/DominicanRepublicRecognition.pdf Comunicado] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323151335/http://kosovothanksyou.com/files/DominicanRepublicRecognition.pdf |date=23 March 2012 }}, Kosovo Thanks You (in Spanish)</ref> |- | 60 || {{NZL}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|11|9}} || <ref name="newzealand">[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,324 New Zealand recognizes the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2009-11-09</ref> |- | 61 || {{MWI}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|12|14}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,404 Republic of Malawi recognizes Kosovo as independent and sovereign state], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2009-12-16</ref> |- | 62 || {{MRT}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|01|12}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,419 The Islamic Republic of Mauritania recognized the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2010-01-14</ref> |- | 63 || {{SWZ}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|04|12}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,481 Recognition of the Republic of Kosovo by the Kingdom of Swaziland], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2010-04-12</ref><ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/repository/docs/nota_verbale.pdf Verbal Note], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo</ref> |- | 64 || {{VUT}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|04|28}} || <ref>[http://www.kosovothanksyou.com/files/VanuatuRecognition.jpg Official recognition letter by Ministry of Foreign Affairs and External Trade of the Republic of Vanuatu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217130137/http://www.kosovothanksyou.com/files/VanuatuRecognition.jpg |date=2019-12-17 }}, Kosovo Thanks You, 2010-04-28</ref> |- | 65 || {{DJI}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|05|08}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,513 Recognition is confirmed by Djibouti], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2010-05-12</ref> |- | 66 || {{SOM}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|05|19}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,525 Somalia recognized the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2010-05-21</ref> |- | 67 || {{HND}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|09|03}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,574 Honduras recognises the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2010-09-03</ref> |- | 68 || {{KIR}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|10|21}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,599 Kiribati recognises the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2010-10-25</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akr-ks.eu/news/image/62/kiribati.jpg|title=Verbal Note |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313164623/http://www.akr-ks.eu/news/image/62/kiribati.jpg |archive-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Kosovo Alliance]]}}</ref> |- | 69 || {{TUV}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|11|18}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,607 Tuvalu recognises Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2010-11-19</ref> |- | 70 || {{QAT}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|07}} || <ref name="Qatar">[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,620 Qatar recognized the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2011-01-07</ref> |- | 71 || {{GNB}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|10}}{{refn|group="fn"|In a letter on 21 November 2017, the Ministry o Foreign Affairs o Guinea-Bissau tellt Kosovo that it haed gotten rid o its recognition o Kosovo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.rs/sr/index.php/pres-servis/saopstenja/18955-2017-11-21-16-58-00?lang=cyr|title=The Government of the Republic of Guinea Bissau has withdrawn the decision on recognition of Kosovo|date=2017-07-21|access-date=2017-07-21|publisher=Government of Serbia|archive-date=2020-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200212220524/http://www.mfa.gov.rs/sr/index.php/pres-servis/saopstenja/18955-2017-11-21-16-58-00?lang=cyr|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Gvineja Bisao povukla odluku o priznanju Kosova iz 2011|url=http://www.b92.net/info/vesti/index.php?yyyy=2017&mm=11&dd=21&nav_category=640&nav_id=1327890|access-date=21 November 2017|work=b92.net|agency=[[Tanjug]]|date=21 November 2017|language=sr}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Prime Minister of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau denies that the country has recognized Kosovo|url=http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/press-service/statements/17186-prime-minister-of-the-republic-of-guinea-bissau-denies-that-the-country-has-recognized-kosovo|access-date=21 November 2017|work=mfa.gov.rs|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Serbia|date=17 November 2017|archive-date=2019-07-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730132422/http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/press-service/statements/17186-prime-minister-of-the-republic-of-guinea-bissau-denies-that-the-country-has-recognized-kosovo|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 2 Februar 2018, Kosovo's MFA sayed that it haed gat a new note verbale frae Guinea-Bissau sayin that the aulder note gittin rid o recognition hinna haed an effect.<ref name=GBRest>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1%2C217%2C4725#.WnRkXI7JC3U.twitter Ministria e Jashtme pranon Notën Verbale të ri-konfirmimit zyrtar të njohjes së Republikës së Kosovës nga shteti Guinea-Bissau], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2018-02-02</ref><ref name=GBRest2>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/pacollibehgjet/status/959439612526575616/photo/1|title=The Embassy of Guinea-Bissau in Brussels transmitted to @MFAKOSOVO the Note Verbale re-confirming that #GuineaBissau's recognition of #Kosovo's independence in 2011 is sustainable. #Kosovo's recognition is global & unstoppable. This is the flow of history!pic.twitter.com/IctZNtRlLO|first=Behgjet|last=Pacolli&nbsp;🇽🇰}}{{Primary source inline|date=February 2018}}</ref>}} || <ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,623 The Republic of Guinea-Bissau Recognized the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2011-01-10</ref><ref>[http://www.lajmeshqip.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/njohja-Guinea-Bissau.jpg Verbal Note], Lajme Shqip, 2011-09-08 (in French)</ref> |- | 72 || {{AND}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2011|06|08}} || <ref name="Andorra">[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,795 The Principality of Andorra recognizes Kosovo's independence], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2011-06-08</ref> |- | 73 || {{GIN}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2011|08|12}}||<ref name="Niger & Guinea">[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,896 The Republic of Niger and the Republic of Guinea Conakry recognize Kosovo's independence], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2011-08-16</ref><ref>[http://www.1deputyprimeminister-ks.net/repository/images/16.08.2011_nota_verbale_Guina_Conakry.jpg Note] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104002730/http://www.1deputyprimeminister-ks.net/repository/images/16.08.2011_nota_verbale_Guina_Conakry.jpg |date=4 November 2013 }}, First Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo, 2011-08-12 (in French)</ref> |- | 74 || {{NER}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2011|08|15}}||<ref name="Niger & Guinea" /><ref>[http://www.1deputyprimeminister-ks.net/repository/images/16.08.2011_nota_verbale_Nigeri.jpg Verbal Note] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104002954/http://www.1deputyprimeminister-ks.net/repository/images/16.08.2011_nota_verbale_Nigeri.jpg |date=4 November 2013 }}, First Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo, 2011-08-15 (in French)</ref> |- | 75 || {{BEN}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2011|08|18}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,900 The Republic of Benin is the 80th state to recognize Kosovo's independence], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2011-08-18</ref> |- | 76 || {{LCA}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2011|08|19}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,906 Santa Lucia is the 81st UN member state to recognize the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2011-08-22</ref> |- | 77 || {{GAB}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2011|09|15}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,984 Kosovo's recognition confirmed by the Republic of Gabon], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo, 2011-10-13</ref><ref>[http://www.1deputyprimeminister-ks.net/repository/images/09.09.2011_nota_verbale_Gaboni.jpg Verbal Note] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104002650/http://www.1deputyprimeminister-ks.net/repository/images/09.09.2011_nota_verbale_Gaboni.jpg |date=4 November 2013 }}, First Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo 2011-09-15 (in French)</ref> |- | 78 || {{CIV}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2011|09|16}}||<ref>[http://www.top-channel.tv/english/artikull.php?id=2797 Ivory Coast recognizes Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301123720/http://www.top-channel.tv/english/artikull.php?id=2797 |date=1 March 2012 }}, Top Channel, 2011-09-21</ref><ref>[http://www.1deputyprimeminister-ks.net/repository/images/20.09.2011_nota_verbale_Bregu_i_Fildishte_.jpg Déclaration par la Côte d'Ivoire de la reconnaissance de l'État du Kossovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104002523/http://www.1deputyprimeminister-ks.net/repository/images/20.09.2011_nota_verbale_Bregu_i_Fildishte_.jpg |date=4 November 2013 }}, Ministère des Affaires Etrangères de la Républic du Côte d'Ivoire, released First Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo (in French)</ref> |- | 79 || {{KWT}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2011|10|11}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,981 Kuwait formally recognizes the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2011-10-11</ref> |- | 80 || {{HTI}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2012|02|10}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,1111 Haiti's recognition of Kosovo confirmed during Minister Hoxhaj's visit to this state], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-02-10</ref> |- | 81 || {{BRN}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2012|04|25}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,1214 Brunei Darussalam recognizes Kosovo independence], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-04-25</ref> |- | 82 || {{TCD}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2012|06|01}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,1282 Chad recognizes the Republic of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-06-01</ref> |- | 83 || {{TLS}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2012|09|20}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1479 Timori Lindor njeh pavarësinë e Kosovës], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-11-09 (in Albanian)</ref><ref>[http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8067/8171165751_9692eae762_b.jpg Note verbale], Timor-Leste Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2012-09-20</ref> |- | 84 || {{FIJ}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2012|11|19}}||<ref>[http://kryeministri-ks.net/?page=2,9,3213 Prime Minister Thaçi: Kosovo's membership in EBRD testified that the process of the recognition of the Kosovo as a democratic and sovereign country has taken an irreversible up-turn and is recognized as an historical fact], Office of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-11-19</ref><ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,1504 Fiji's verbal note recognizing Kosovo arrives], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-11-22</ref> |- | 85 || {{KNA}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2012|11|28}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1517 Saint Kitts dhe Nevis njeh zyrtarisht pavarësinë e Kosovës], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-11-28 (in Albanian)</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.foreign.govt.kn/ambassador-of-kosovo-pays-courtesy-call-on-the-honourable-mark-brantley-2/|title=Ambassador of Kosovo pays courtesy call on the Honourable Mark Brantley (STK Ministry of Foreign Affairs)|access-date=9 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909230511/http://www.foreign.govt.kn/ambassador-of-kosovo-pays-courtesy-call-on-the-honourable-mark-brantley-2/|archive-date=9 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 86 ||{{PAK}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2012|12|24}}||<ref>[http://www.mofa.gov.pk/mfa/pages/article.aspx?id=1429&type=1 Recognition of the Republic of Kosovo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102231400/http://www.mofa.gov.pk/mfa/pages/article.aspx?id=1429&type=1 |date=2 January 2013 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 2012-24-12</ref><ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1550 Arrin nota verbale e njohjes së Kosovës nga Pakistani], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-12-28 (in Albanian)</ref> |- | 87 || {{GUY}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2013|03|16}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1626 Guajana njeh shtetin e pavarur dhe sovran të Kosovës], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2013-03-16 (in Albanian)</ref><ref>{{citation|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2013/sc11107.doc.htm| title=Security Council Welcomes Progress in Implementing Peace Accord as Members Urge Leaders of Serbia, Kosovo to 'Stay the Course'| publisher=[[UN]]|date=2013-08-29|quote=In June, Egypt, United Republic of Tanzania, Yemen, Guyana and El Salvador had recognized its independence, joining more than 100 Member States that had done the same.}}</ref> |- | 88 || {{TAN}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2013|05|29}}||<ref>[http://www.telegrafi.com/fo/2010/njohja-verbale-foto.jpg CKA 699/755/01] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416054341/http://www.telegrafi.com/fo/2010/njohja-verbale-foto.jpg |date=2016-04-16 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of the United Republic of Tanzania, 2013-06-05</ref> |- | 89 || {{YEM}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2013|06|11}}||<ref>[http://www.sabanews.net/en/news313610.htm Yemen recognizes Kosovo], Saba Net, 2013-06-11</ref><ref>[http://sphotos-a.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-prn1/q71/s720x720/1016336_374748159293609_1053382903_n.jpg Verbal Note] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213170600/http://sphotos-a.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-prn1/q71/s720x720/1016336_374748159293609_1053382903_n.jpg |date=13 December 2013 }}, The official Facebook page of Enver Hoxhaj</ref> |- | 90 || {{EGY}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2013|06|26}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa.gov.eg/Arabic/Ministry/News/Pages/NewsDetails.aspx?Source=1d5b0202-c337-4794-ab10-342893d069e1&newsID=17393f2d-a0db-471c-bd41-1c1d169b79c2 قرار حكومة جمهورية مصر العربية الاعتراف بجمهورية كوسوفو كدولة مستقلة وذات سيادة] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630231622/http://www.mfa.gov.eg/Arabic/Ministry/News/Pages/NewsDetails.aspx?Source=1d5b0202-c337-4794-ab10-342893d069e1&newsID=17393f2d-a0db-471c-bd41-1c1d169b79c2 |date=30 June 2013 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Egypt, 2013-06-26 (in Arabic)</ref> |- | 91 || {{SLV}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2013|06|29}}||<ref>[http://www.telegrafi.com/lajme/el-salvador-njeh-kosoven-2-33589.html El Salvador njeh Kosovën] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123055037/http://www.telegrafi.com/lajme/el-salvador-njeh-kosoven-2-33589.html |date=2016-01-23 }}, Telegrafi, 2013-06-29</ref><ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/repository/docs/17_07_13_121825_20130712-15-KND-MPJ-WEB-01.pdf June, month of record recognitions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205021506/http://www.mfa-ks.net/repository/docs/17_07_13_121825_20130712-15-KND-MPJ-WEB-01.pdf |date=5 February 2017 }}, Kosovo's New Diplomat, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Kosovo, June/August 2013</ref><ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1906 Arrin nota verbale nga El Salvadori], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2013-10-04 (in Albanian)</ref> |- | 92 || {{THA}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2013|09|24}}||<ref>[http://www.kryeministri-ks.net/?page=2,9,3792 Prime Minister Thaçi officially receives Thailand recognition of Kosovo in a meeting with Thailand Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Surapong Tovichakchaikul], Prime Minister of Kosovo, 2013-09-26</ref><ref>[http://www.ryt9.com/s/cabt/1742142 การรับรองโคโซโวโดยการสถาปนาความสัมพันธ์ทางการทูตกับโคโซโว], ข่าวออนไลน์ RYT9, 2013-09-25 (in Thai)</ref> |- | 93 || {{LBY}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2013|09|25}}||<ref>[http://www.kryeministri-ks.net/?page=2,9,3789 Today, in New York, the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo, Hashim Thaçi met the Prime Minister of Libya, Ali Zeidan in a private meeting], Prime Minister of Kosovo, 2013-09-25</ref><ref>[http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/09/26/libya-officially-recognises-kosovo/ Libya officially recognises Kosovo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820125627/https://www.libyaherald.com/2013/09/26/libya-officially-recognises-kosovo/ |date=2018-08-20 }}, Libya Herald, 2013-09-26</ref> |- | 94 || {{TON}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2014|01|15}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,2227 Arrin nota verbale e njohjes nga Mbretëria e Tongës], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2014-01-20 (in Albanian)</ref> |- | 95 || {{ATG}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2015|05|20}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,2633 Antigua and Barbuda recognizes the independence of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2015-05-20</ref> |- | 96 || {{SGP}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2016|12|01}}||<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,217,3943 Singapore Recognizes Kosovo as an Independent State and Diplomatic Relations are Established], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2016-12-01</ref><ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.sg/content/mfa/media_centre/press_room/pr/2016/201612/press_201612011.html The Government of the Republic of Singapore and the Government of the Republic of Kosovo have established diplomatic relations with effect from 1 December 2016.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620181102/https://www.mfa.gov.sg/content/mfa/media_centre/press_room/pr/2016/201612/press_201612011.html |date=20 June 2018 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore, 2016-12-01</ref> |- | 97 || {{BAN}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2017|02|27}}||<ref>[http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/foreign-affairs/2017/02/27/bangladesh-officially-recognises-kosovo-independent-state/ Bangladesh Officially Recognizes Kosovo as an Independent State], Dhaka Tribune, 2017-02-27</ref><ref>[http://www.kryeministri-ks.net/?page=2,9,6604 Prime Minister Mustafa accepted verbal note of recognition of Kosovo by Bangladesh], Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo, 2016-02-28</ref> |- | 98 || {{BRB}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2018|02|15}}||<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rtklive.com/sq/news-single.php?ID=245243|title=Në prag të përvjetorit të Pavarësisë, Barbadosi njeh Kosovën|date=15 February 2018|access-date=6 March 2018|work=RTKLive|language=sq}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.koha.net/arberi/75744/barbadosi-njeh-pavaresine-e-kosoves/|title=Barbadosi njeh pavarësinë e Kosovës|date=15 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|user=pacollibehgjet|number=964216679868850177|title=Very pleased to announce that #Barbados has recognized #Kosovo as an independent and sovereign state. Thanks to my colleague FM Maxine McClean for this decision taken on the eve of #Kosovo’s 10 anniversary of independence.There is no better way to celebrate #Kosova10!|date=16 February 2018|first=Behgjet|last=Pacolli}}</ref> |- | 99 || {{ISR}}||{{dts|format=dmy|2020|09|04}}||<ref>Israeli envoy to Serbia: We recognised Kosovo on September 4; not an issue any. [http://rs.n1info.com/English/NEWS/a642039/Israeli-envoy-to-Serbia-We-recognised-Kosovo-on-September-4-it-s-not-issue-anymore.html 21.09.2020. N1 Belgrade.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009113422/http://rs.n1info.com/English/NEWS/a642039/Israeli-envoy-to-Serbia-We-recognised-Kosovo-on-September-4-it-s-not-issue-anymore.html |date=2020-10-09 }}</ref><ref name="TheTimesofIsrael_KosovoSerbia" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Reuters|date=2020-09-04|title=Serbia, Kosovo to Open Israel Embassies in Jerusalem|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/09/04/world/middleeast/04reuters-serbia-kosovo-usa-jerusalem.html|access-date=2020-09-04|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=2020-09-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200907060846/https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/09/04/world/middleeast/04reuters-serbia-kosovo-usa-jerusalem.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |} ;Notes {{reflist|group=fn}} ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Kosovo| ]] [[Category:Kintras in Europe]] [[Category:States an territories established in 2008]] [[Category:Unrecognized or lairgely unrecognized states]] po5aoql9m0342anftxu5g08eju8hn0w 0 12069 918329 866809 2026-06-19T12:13:17Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918329 wikitext text/x-wiki '''KYPCK''' ([[Volapuk encoding|Volapuk]] rendition frae [[Roushie leid|rus.]] [[Kursk|Курск]]) is a [[Finland|Finnish]] [[doom metal]] baund formed in [[2007]]. Thay caw themselves “Fast Roushie Doom Metal Frae Finland”. Vocalist Erkki Seppänen speaks fluent [[Roushie leid|Roushie]] an haes worked in the embassy in [[Moscow]] <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kypck-doom.com/biography.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-10-06 |archive-date=2012-05-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508163150/http://kypck-doom.com/biography.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Thair debut album "[[Черно]]" (Cherno) wis released on Mairch 12 2008 (in Finland) as jewelbox an digipack versions. Thare ar [[cyrillic]] Roushie leerics an [[Inglis leid|Inglis]] translations in the booklet o the album. Transliteratit sing-alang versions o the leerics ar available exclusively at kypck-doom.com. As o Januar 2010, thay hae finished recordin thair seicont album, an thay ar currently lookin for a label tae release it. Erkki Seppänen - [[Vocals]]<br /> Sami S. Lopakka - [[Guitar]]<br /> J. T. Ylä-Rautio - [[Bass (guitar)|Bass]]<br /> Kai H. M. Hiilesmaa - [[Drums]]<br /> Sami Kukkohovi - Live Guitar == Albums == === Full length === * [[Черно]] - 2008 * Niže - 2011 * Imena na stene - 2014 * Zero - 2016 === Single === * [[1917 (song)|1917]] - 2008 * Imja na stene / Deti Birkenau - 2014 * All About Us - 2016 == External links == {{Commons|KYPCK|KYPCK}} * http://www.KYPCK-DOOM.com * http://www.myspace.com/kypck * [http://www.metal-rules.com/zine/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=897&Itemid=60 Interview with Sami Lopakka ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070921054130/http://www.metal-rules.com/zine/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=897&Itemid=60 |date=2007-09-21 }} * http://memori.ru/kypck/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718115641/http://memori.ru/kypck/ |date=2011-07-18 }} == References == <references/> {{DEFAULTSORT:Kypck}} [[Category:Finnish doom metal muisical groups]] [[Category:Muisical groups established in 2007]] jrf6nbdbg7uu4hv6peewbfhwl146pwv 0 12883 918477 885739 2026-06-20T09:06:00Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918477 wikitext text/x-wiki {{about|the kintra|the geografical region|Sudan (region)}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Republic o the Sudan | common_name = Sudan | native_name = {{lang|ar|جمهورية السودان}} ([[Arabic]]) <br />''Jumhūriyyat al-Sūdān'' | image_flag = Flag of Sudan.svg | image_coat = Emblem of Sudan.svg | symbol_type = Emblem | national_motto = {{native phrase|ar|النصر لنا|italics=off}}<br />"An-Naṣr lanā"<br />{{small|"Veectory is oprs"}} | national_anthem = {{unbulleted list |{{lang|ar|نحن جند الله، جند الوطن}} |''[[Nahnu Jund Allah Jund Al-watan|Naḥnu Jund Allah, Jund Al-waṭan]]''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|([[transliteration]])}} |{{small|''We are the Sodgers o God, the Sodgers o the Naition''}} |<center>[[File:Sudanese national anthem, performed by the U.S. Navy Band (instrumental).oga]]</center>}} | image_map = Sudan (orthographic projection) highlighted.svg | map_caption = Sudan in daurk green, disputit regions in licht green. | image_map2 = Sudan - Location Map (2011) - SDN - UNOCHA.svg | capital = [[Khartoum]] | coordinates = {{Coord|15|38|N|032|32|E|type:city}} | largest_city = caipital | official_languages = {{unbulleted list |[[Arabic]]<br> [[Inglis leid|Inglis]]<ref name=Const>{{cite web |url= http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/inc_official_electronic_version.pdf |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5hhll7T1t?url=http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/inc_official_electronic_version.pdf |archivedate= 21 June 2009 |title= 2005 constitution in English |accessdate= 31 May 2013 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/5hhll7T1t?url=http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/inc_official_electronic_version.pdf |date=2009-06-21 }}</ref> }} | ethnic_groups = | ethnic_groups_year = | demonym = [[Sudanese Arabs|Sudanese]] | government_type = [[Dominant-pairty seestem|Dominant-pairty]] [[Federation|federal]] [[Presidential seestem|semi-presidential republic]] | leader_title1 = [[:en:List of heads of state of Sudan|Preses]] | leader_name1 = [[:en:Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan|Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan]] (عبد الفتاح عبد الرحمن البرهان) | leader_title2 = [[:en:Vice President of Sudan|Vice Preses]] | leader_name2 = [[:en:Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo|Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo]] (محمد حمدان دقلو) | leader_title3 = [[:en:List of heads of government of Sudan|Prime Meenister]] | leader_name3 = [[:en:Abdalla Hamdok|Abdalla Hamdok]] (عبدالله حمدوك) | legislature = [[Naitional Legislatur (Sudan)|Naitional Legislatur]] | upper_house = [[Cooncil o States (Sudan)|Cooncil o States]] | lower_house = [[Naitional Assembly o Sudan|Naitional Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[History o Sudan|Formation]] | established_event1 = [[Nubia|Nubian kinricks]] | established_date1 = 3500 BC | established_event2 = [[Sennar (sultanate)|Sennar dynasty]] | established_date2 = 1504<ref>{{cite book |last=Rayah |first=Mubarak B. |title=Sudan civilization |publisher=Democratic Republic of the Sudan, Ministry of Culture and Information |year=1978 |page=64}}</ref> | established_event3 = [[History o Sudan (1821–1885)|Unified wi Egyp]] | established_date3 = 1820 | established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[Anglo-Egyptian Sudan]]}} | established_date4 = 1899 | established_event5 = Unthirldom (frae the [[Unitit Kinrick]] an [[Egyp]]) | established_date5 = 1 Januar 1956 | established_event6 = [[Comprehensive Peace Agreement|Current constitution]] | established_date6 = 9 Januar 2005 | established_event7 = Secession o [[Sooth Sudan]] | established_date7 = 9 Julie 2011 | area_km2 = 1886068 | area_rank = 15th | area_sq_mi = 728215 | percent_water = |population_estimate = 44,909,353<ref>[https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/sudan-population/ Sudan Population 2021]</ref> | population_census = 30,894,000 ''(disputit)'' <ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.news24.com/World/News/Discontent-over-Sudan-census-20090521 |work=News24 |agency=Agence France-Presse |location =Cape Town |date=21 May 2009 |accessdate=8 July 2011 |title=Discontent over Sudan census}}</ref> |population_estimate_year = 2021 |population_estimate_rank = 35t | population_census_year = 2008 | population_census_rank = | population_density_km2 = 21.3 | population_density_sq_mi = 55.3 | population_density_rank = | GDP_PPP = $186.715 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=64&pr.y=7&sy=2017&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=732&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Sudan |publisher=International Monetary Fund }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2017 | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $4,578<ref name=imf2/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | GDP_nominal = $115.874 billion<ref name=imf2/> | GDP_nominal_year = 2017 | GDP_nominal_rank = | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $2,841<ref name=imf2/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | Gini = 35.3 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2009 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref =<ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url= http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |accessdate=2 March 2011}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.490 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI_ref =<ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf|title=2016 Human Development Report|year=2016|accessdate=21 March 2017|publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 165th | currency = [[Sudanese poond]] | currency_code = SDG | time_zone = [[East Africae Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy <!--numeric dates (dd-mm-yyyy, yyyy.mm.dd, etc.) plus era (AD, AH, etc.)--> | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+249]] | iso3166code = SD | cctld = [[.sd]], [[سودان.]] | religion = [[Islam]] | area_magnitude = }} [[File:Northern Sudan states numbered.svg|thumb|Territorial Organization]] '''Sudan''' ({{pron-en|suːˈdæn}}), offeecially the '''Republic o the Sudan''',<ref name=etym>{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=sudan&searchmode=none |title=Online Etymology Dictionary |publisher=Etymonline.com |date= |accessdate=2010-06-26}}</ref> is a kintra in northeastren [[Africae]] an the third lairgest kintra in Africae an the Arab warld. It is bordered bi [[Egyp]] to the north, the [[Red Sea]] tae the northeast, [[Eritrea]] an [[Ethiopie]] tae the east, the [[Sooth Sudan]] tae the sooth, [[Chad]] tae the wast an [[Libie]] tae the northwast. The warld's langest river, the [[Nile]], divides the kintra atween east an wast sides.<ref>Collins, Robert O. ''A History of Modern Sudan'' Abid Mohieldin Cambridge University Press, 2008. 3.</ref> == Notes == {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121201103351/http://www.sudan.gov.sd/en/ The Government o Sudan offeecial wabsteid] * [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-s/sudan.html Chief o State an Cabinet Members] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017124557/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-s/sudan.html |date=2012-10-17 }} * {{CIA World Factbook link|su|Sudan}} * [http://www.ancientsudan.org Ancient Sudan: Nubia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514225814/http://www.ancientsudan.org/ |date=2019-05-14 }}. * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/sudan.htm Sudan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611193953/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/sudan.htm |date=2010-06-11 }} frae ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Sudan}} * {{Wikiatlas|Sudan}} * {{Wikivoyage|Sudan}} * [http://reliefweb.int/rw/dbc.nsf/doc104?OpenForm&rc=1&cc=sdn Humanitarian information coverage on ReliefWeb] <!--Keep at top (category corresponding to article) --> {{Commonscat}} <!--Other languages--> [[Category:Sudan| ]] [[Category:Kintras in Africae]] [[Category:African Union member states]] [[Category:Member states o the Arab League]] [[Category:Kintras borderin the Red Sea]] [[Category:Federal kintras]] [[Category:Umwhile Breetish colonies]] [[Category:North Africae]] [[Category:East Africae]] [[Category:Middle Eastren kintras]] [[Category:Militar dictatorship]] [[Category:Arabic-speakin kintras]] [[Category:Least Developed Kintras]] [[Category:Member states o the Organisation o Islamic Cooperation]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1956]] [[Category:Islamic States]] 0itetkub9rii70u5967z0wo5mbjkacb 0 12895 918492 914743 2026-06-20T10:53:45Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918492 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots|date=October 2020}} {{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> | name = Tunis | official_name = Ceety o Tunis | native_name = <span style="line-height:130%;font-size:90%">{{lang|ar|تونس}}</span> | native_name_lang = ar | settlement_type = Ceety | image_skyline = AvenueHabibBourguibaTunis.JPG | image_alt = View o Tunis | image_caption = Central esplanade o the Avenue Habib Bourguiba. | image_flag = Flag commune of Tunis.SVG | flag_alt = Flag o Tunis | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = Coat o airms o Tunis | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Tunisia | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|36|48|N|10|11|E|display=inline}} | subdivision_type = [[Kintra]] | subdivision_name = {{flag|Tunisie}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Govrenorates o Tunisie|Govrenorate]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Tunis Govrenorate|Tunis]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Seifallah Lasram | unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK --> | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 212.63 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = <ref name="ins"/> | population_total =1 056 247<ref name="ins">[http://rgph2014.ins.tn/fr/resultats Recensement de 2014 (Institut national de la statistique)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029170649/http://rgph2014.ins.tn/fr/resultats |date=2014-10-29 }}</ref> | population_as_of = 2014 | population_demonym = ''Tunisois''<br />({{lang-aeb|تونسي, Tounsi}}) | population_note = | population_urban = 2 294 547 | population_metro = 2 643 695 | population_density_km2 = 9406.01 | timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = 1000 | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = | website = {{ URL | http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn }} | footnotes = }} '''Tunis''' ({{lang-ar|<big>تونس</big>}}, ''Tūnis'') is the [[Caipital ceety|caipital]] an lairgest ceety o [[Tunisie]] an an' a' the [[Tunis Govrenorate]], wi a population o 1,200,000 in 2008 an ower 3,980,500 in the greater Tunis aurie. Situatit on a lairge [[Mediterranean Sea]] gulf (the [[Gulf o Tunis]]), ahint the [[Lake o Tunis]] an the port o [[La Goulette]] (Halq al Wadi), the ceety extends alang the coastal plain an the hills that surroond it. At the centre o mair modren development (colonial era an efter) lies the auld [[Medina quarter|medina]]. ayont this section lie the suburbs o [[Carthage]], La Marsa, an Sidi Bou Said. The medina is foond at the centre o the ceety: a dense agglomeration o alleys an covered passages, full o intense scents an colours, boisterous an active tred, a surfeit o guids on affer rangin frae [[laither]] tae [[plastic]], [[tin]] tae the finest [[filigree]], tourist souvenirs tae the wirks o tiny crafts shops. Juist throu the Sea Gate (cried the ''Bab el Bahr'' an the ''Porte de France'' an aa) begins the modren ceety, or Ville Nouvelle, transversed bi the grand Avenue Habib Bourguiba (aften referred tae bi popular press an traivel guides as "the Tunisian [[Champs-Élysées]]"), whaur the colonial-era buildings provide a clear contrast tae smawer, aulder structures. As the caipital ceety o the kintra, Tunis is the centre o Tunisian commercial activity, as well as the focus o poleetical an administrative life in the kintra. The expansion o the Tunisian economy in the last decades is reflectit in the boomin development o the ooter ceety whaur ane can see clearly the social challenges brocht aboot bi rapid modrenisation in Tunisie. == Etymology == ''Tunis'' is the transcription o the [[Arabic leid|Arabic]] name ''تونس'' which can be pronoonced as "Tūnus‎", "Tūnas", or "Tūnis". Aw three variations wur mentioned bi the Arab geographer [[Yaqut al-Hamawi|al-Rumi Yaqout]] in his ''[[Mu'jam Al-Buldan|Mu'jam al-Bûldan]]'' (''Dictionary o Kintras''). Different explanations exist for the oreegin o the name ''Tunis''. Some scholars relate it tae the Phoenician goddess ''[[Tanit]]h'' ('Tanit or Tanut), as mony auncient ceeties wur named efter patron deities.<ref name="adrian"> {{cite book | last = Room | first = Adrian | title = Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites | url = https://archive.org/details/placenamesofworl02edroom | publisher = McFarland | year = 2006 | page = [https://archive.org/details/placenamesofworl02edroom/page/385 385] | isbn = 0786422483 }} </ref><ref> {{cite book | last = Taylor | first = Isaac | title = Names and Their Histories: A Handbook of Historical Geography and Topographical Nomenclature | publisher = BiblioBazaar, LLC | year = 2008 | page = 281 | isbn = 0559296681 }} </ref> Some Arab scholars proposed that the name derives frae Arabic roots or identified it wi the oreeginal toun o ''Tarshish''.<ref name="ej-brill"> {{cite book | last = Houtsma | first = Martijn Theodoor | title = E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936 | publisher = Brill | year = 1987 | page = 838 | isbn = 9004082654 }} </ref> Ithers claim that it oreeginatit frae ''Tynes'', which wis mentioned bi Diodoros an Polybius in the course o descriptions resemblin present-day Al-Kasba; ane o Tunis's suburbs.<ref name="ej-brill"/><ref name="hann-war"> {{cite book | authors = Livy, John Yardley, Dexter Hoyos | title = Hannibal's War: Books Twenty-one to Thirty | url = https://archive.org/details/hannibalswarbook00livy | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 2006 | page = [https://archive.org/details/hannibalswarbook00livy/page/n753 705] | isbn = 0192831593 }} </ref> Anither possibility is that it wis derived frae the [[Berber leids|Berber]] verbal ruit ''ens'' which means "tae lie doun" or "tae pass the nicht".<ref name="peter-ross"> {{cite book | first1 = Peter M. | last1 = Rossi | first2 = Wayne Edward | last2 = White | title = Articles on the Middle East, 1947-1971: A Cumulation of the Bibliographies from the Middle East Journal | publisher = Pierian Press, [[University of Michigan]] | year = 1980 | page = 132 }} </ref> Gien the variations o the precise meanin ower time an space, the term ''Tunis'' can possibly mean "camp at nicht", "camp", or "stop". Thare are forby some mentions in auncient Roman soorces o sic names o nearbi touns as ''Tuniza'' (currently [[El Kala]]), ''Thunusuda'' (currently [[Sidi Meskine]]), ''Thinissut'' (currently [[Bouregba Bir]]), and ''Thunisa'' (currently [[Ras Jebel]]). As aw o thir Berber villages wur situatit on Roman roads, thay undoubtitly served as a rest-stations or stops.<ref name="Sebag54">Paul Sebag, ''Tunis. Histoire d’une ville'', éd. L’Harmattan, 1998, p. 54</ref> ==History== {{Main|History o Tunis}} == Climate == [[File:Port circulaire laurier rose.jpg|thumb|right|Umwhile Carthaginian port]] [[File:Golfe de Tunis et port de Sidi Bou Saïd.jpg|thumb|left|Tunis bay]] Tunis haes a warm-simmer [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Koppen climate classification]] ''Csa''),<ref>http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pics/kottek_et_al_2006.gif</ref> characterized bi a het an dry saison an a cuil an rainy saison. The local climate is forby affectit somewha bi the latitude o the ceety, the moderatin influence o the Mediterranean an the terrain o the hills. {{Weather box |location = Tunis |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 25.2 |Feb record high C = 29.8 |Mar record high C = 35.2 |Apr record high C = 33.0 |May record high C = 39.0 |Jun record high C = 45.2 |Jul record high C = 46.7 |Aug record high C = 46.8 |Sep record high C = 44.4 |Oct record high C = 36.9 |Nov record high C = 31.6 |Dec record high C = 25.9 |Jan high C = 15.7 |Feb high C = 16.5 |Mar high C = 18.1 |Apr high C = 20.7 |May high C = 24.9 |Jun high C = 29.0 |Jul high C = 32.6 |Aug high C = 32.7 |Sep high C = 29.7 |Oct high C = 25.2 |Nov high C = 20.5 |Dec high C = 16.7 |year high C = 23.52 |Jan mean C = 11.5 |Feb mean C = 12.0 |Mar mean C = 13.2 |Apr mean C = 15.6 |May mean C = 19.3 |Jun mean C = 23.2 |Jul mean C = 26.3 |Aug mean C = 26.8 |Sep mean C = 24.4 |Oct mean C = 20.4 |Nov mean C = 15.9 |Dec mean C = 12.5 |year mean C = 18.43 |Jan low C = 8.2 |Feb low C = 8.4 |Mar low C = 9.3 |Apr low C = 10.4 |May low C = 13.7 |Jun low C = 17.3 |Jul low C = 20.0 |Aug low C = 20.8 |Sep low C = 19.0 |Oct low C = 15.5 |Nov low C = 11.3 |Dec low C = 9.2 |year low C = 13.26 |Jan record low C = -1.7 |Feb record low C = -1.0 |Mar record low C = 0.4 |Apr record low C = 2.6 |May record low C = 5.9 |Jun record low C = 9.6 |Jul record low C = 12.9 |Aug record low C = 13.4 |Sep record low C = 12.1 |Oct record low C = 5.5 |Nov record low C = 2.4 |Dec record low C = -0.4 |Jan precipitation mm = 59.3 |Feb precipitation mm = 57.0 |Mar precipitation mm = 47.2 |Apr precipitation mm = 38.0 |May precipitation mm = 22.6 |Jun precipitation mm = 10.4 |Jul precipitation mm = 3.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 7.1 |Sep precipitation mm = 32.5 |Oct precipitation mm = 65.5 |Nov precipitation mm = 56.0 |Dec precipitation mm = 66.8 |year precipitation mm = 465.5 |Jan precipitation days = 9 |Feb precipitation days = 8 |Mar precipitation days = 8 |Apr precipitation days = 6 |May precipitation days = 4 |Jun precipitation days = 2 |Jul precipitation days = 1 |Aug precipitation days = 1 |Sep precipitation days = 4 |Oct precipitation days = 7 |Nov precipitation days = 7 |Dec precipitation days = 8 |year precipitation days = 65 |unit precipitation days = |Jan sun = 145.7 |Feb sun = 165.3 |Mar sun = 198.4 |Apr sun = 225.0 |May sun = 282.1 |Jun sun = 309.0 |Jul sun = 356.5 |Aug sun = 328.6 |Sep sun = 258.0 |Oct sun = 217.0 |Nov sun = 174.0 |Dec sun = 148.8 |year sun = 2808.4 |source 1 = [[Warld Meteorological Organization]],<ref name="weather1">{{cite web | url =http://worldweather.wmo.int/123/c00243.htm | title =Weather Information for Tunis-Carthage | accessdate =2010-01-21 | publisher =WMO | archive-date =2020-11-19 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20201119103801/http://worldweather.wmo.int/123/c00243.htm | url-status =dead }}</ref> [[Hong Kong Observatory]] for data of avg. precipitation days and sunshine hours<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/africa/mor_al/tunis_e.htm|title=Climatological Information for Tunis, Tunisia|publisher=Hong Kong Observatory|access-date=2013-05-04|archive-date=2019-10-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191023174449/http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/africa/mor_al/tunis_e.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> |source 2 = NOAA (extremes)<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web |url = ftp://dossier.ogp.noaa.gov/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-I/TS/60715.TXT |title = TUNIS-CARTHAGE Climate Normals 1961-1990 |publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |accessdate = November 6, 2012}}</ref> |date=February 2011}} == Politics == === Capital=== [[File:Kasbah-Kassus.jpg|right|thumb|Kasbah Square comprisin the finance meenistry an the prime meenistry o Tunisie]] Tunis haes been the caipital o Tunisie syne 1159. Unner Airticles 43 an 24 o the [[Constitution o Tunisie|Constitution o 1959]],<ref>{{fr icon}} [http://www.jurisitetunisie.com/tunisie/codes/constitution/menup.html Constitution de la République tunisienne (Jurisite Tunisie)]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tunis an its suburbs host the naitional institutions: the Presidential Palace, which is kent as [[Carthage Palace]], residence o the [[Preses o Tunisie|Preses o the Tunisian Republic]], the [[Chamber o Deputies o Tunisie|Chamber o Deputies]] an the [[Chamber o Cooncillors o Tunisie|Chamber o Councillors]] an parliament, the Constitutional Cooncil an the main judicial institutions, the [[Bardo Naitional Museum]] an various ither govrenment depairtments an public bodies. === Municipality === ==== Institutions ==== [[File:Mairie de Tunis.jpg|left|thumb|Ceety Hall]] The Ceety Cooncil is componed o 60 members includin 20 assistants electit bi the cooncil efter takin office. The Ceety Cooncil meets fower times a year but mey meet bi special request o the mayor. The cooncil's regulatory responsibilities include the municipal budget, biggin development, an actions tae be unnertaken unner the Naitional Development Plan.<ref name="CONM">{{fr}} [http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/mairie_conseilmunicipal.htm Conseil municipal (Municipalité de Tunis)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725140349/http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/mairie_conseilmunicipal.htm |date=2010-07-25 }}</ref> It forby provides advice on aw projects tae be implementit bi the state, the govrenorate or a public body. Unlik ither mayors in Tunisie, the mayor o Tunis is appointit bi decree o the Preses o the Republic frae amang the members o the Ceety Cooncil. [[Abbes Mohsen]] is the current Mayor o Tunis, an haes been in office syne 2000 when he succeedit [[Mohamed Ali Bouleymane]]. He wis re-electit an confirmed in his post efter the municipal elections o 2005.<ref>{{fr}} [http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/mairie_conseilmunicipal_maire.htm Maire de Tunis (Municipalité de Tunis)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100616183041/http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/mairie_conseilmunicipal_maire.htm |date=2010-06-16 }}</ref> In addition tae the municipal institutions, each o the fifteen destricts haes a municipal cooncil meetin each month in the presence o electit offeecials an representatives o the admeenistrations, tae address the issues o the day. ==== Budget ==== The 2008 budget adoptit bi the Ceety Cooncil is structured as follaes: 61.61 million dinars for the operation an 32,516 million dinars for investment.<ref name="BDG">{{fr}} [http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/mairie_budget.htm Budget de la municipalité de Tunis pour l’année 2008 (Municipalité de Tunis)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416052724/http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/mairie_budget.htm |date=2009-04-16 }}</ref> It reflects the improved financial situation o the municipality, the year 2007 wis a year registerin a surplus in resoorces that alloued the dounset o debts o the municipality an the strengthenin o its credibility wi respect its suppliers an public an private pairtners. Revenues are generatit bi the proceeds o taxes on biggins an vacant lots, fees for the rental of municipal property, income frae the operation o the public, advertisin, an that the fact that the municipality haes caipital shares in some companies. On the expenditure side, proveesion is made for the consolidation o [[hygiene]] an cleanliness, the state o the environment an urban design, infrastructure maintenance, rehabilitation an renovation o facilities, an strengthenin the logistics an means o wirk an transport.<ref name="BDG" /> ====Administrative deevisions==== [[File:Tunis subdivisions.svg|right|thumb|Cairt o the arrondissements o Tunis]] The ceety o Tunis, whose size haes increased significantly durin the seicont hauf o the 20t century, nou extends ower several govrenorates in the [[Tunis Govrenorate]] wi the surroondin auries extendin ower pairts o the govrenorates o [[Ben Arous Govrenorate|Ben Arous]], [[Ariana Govrenorate|Ariana]] an [[Manouba Govrenorate|Manouba]]. The municipality o Tunis is dividit intae 15 municipal destricts:<ref>{{fr}} [http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/plan_ensemble.htm Plan d’ensemble (Municipalité de Tunis)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090106122516/http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/plan_ensemble.htm |date=2009-01-06 }}.</ref> Thir include El Bab Bhar, Bab Souika, Cité El Khadra, Jelloud Jebel El Kabaria, El Menzah, El Ouardia, Ettahrir, Ezzouhour, Hraïria, Medina, El Omrane, El Omrane Heicher Séjoumi, Sidi El-Bashir an Sidi Hassine. == Demography == [[File:Theatre Municipal de Tunis.jpg|thumb|right|Tunis]] [[File:Tunis mosque 1899.jpg|thumb|right|Muslims in Tunis attend the mosque in 1899.]] [[File:Tunismarketseller.jpg|thumb|right|A [[souk]] shopkeeper]] {| class="wikitable centre" border="1" |- style="text-align:center; background:#fbb;" ! Year !! Municipality !! Metropolitan aurie |- | 1891 | {{Formatnum:114121}} | |- | 1901 | {{Formatnum:146276}} | |- | 1911 | {{Formatnum:162479}} | |- | 1921 | {{Formatnum:171676}} | {{Formatnum:192994}} |- | 1926 | {{Formatnum:185996}} | {{Formatnum:210240}} |- | 1931 | {{Formatnum:202405}} | {{Formatnum:235230}} |- | 1936 | {{Formatnum:219578}} | {{Formatnum:258113}} |- | 1946 | {{Formatnum:364593}} | {{Formatnum:449820}} |- | 1956 | {{Formatnum:410000}} | {{Formatnum:561117}} |- | 1966 | {{Formatnum:468997}} | {{Formatnum:679603}} |- | 1975 | {{Formatnum:550404}} | {{Formatnum:873515}} |- |colspan="3"|''Sources :'' Paul Sebag, ''Tunis. Histoire d'une ville'', éd. L’Harmattan, 1998 |} [[File:Old Man in Tunis.jpg|left|thumb|Auld man in Tunis]] In the years follaein unthirldom, the population o the metropolitan aurie continues tae grow: the increase o 21.1% frae 1956 tae 1966 an bi 28.5% frae 1966 tae 1975 (55.6% atween 1956 an 1975).<ref>Paul Sebag, ''op. cit.'', p. 608</ref> This steady growthe is accompanied bi chynges which affect the naitur o the dounset o the caipital. Decolonization led tae the exodus o some minorities whose nummers are dwindlin ivery year. The gaps creatit bi thair departure are abundantly filled bi Tunisians who are emigratin tae Tunis frae ither pairts o the kintra. At the beginnin o the 21st century, the metropolitan aurie o Tunis exceeds 2,000,000 indwallers. Efter unthirldom, the Tunisian govrenment implementit a plan tae cope wi population growthe o the ceety an kintra, a seestem o faimily plannin, tae attempt tae lawer the rate o population growthe. Housomeivver, atween 1994 an 2004, the population o the govrenorate o Tunis grew mair nor 1.03% per annum. It represents, in the 2004 census, 9.9% o the tot population o Tunisie.<ref>{{fr}} [http://www.ins.nat.tn/fr/rgph2.php?Code_indicateur=0302024 Population, répartition proportionnelle et taux d’accroissement par gouvernorat (Institut national de la statistique)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207015845/http://www.ins.nat.tn/fr/rgph2.php?Code_indicateur=0302024 |date=2013-12-07 }}</ref> As in the rest o Tunisie, [[literacy]] in the region o Tunis haes evolved rapidly durin the seicont hauf o the 20t century an reaches a level slichtly heicher than the naitional average. Housomeivver eddication is anerlie exceedit bi the neighbouring govrenorate o Ariana which haes mony institutions o eddication. == Sport == At the beginnin o the 20t century a nummer o sports institutions wur establisht in Tunis, parteecularly in schuil an college settings. In 1905 the Muslim Association o Tunisie brocht thegither students frae Lycée Alaoui an Sadiki College tae organize geemnastics. A regional geemnastics competeetion wis held in Tunis in 1912 wi the participation o thoosans o French geemnasts. Fitbaa made its appearance in the caipital on 15 September 1904, follaed bi the formal creation o the kintra’s first league, the Racing Club Tunis, on 11 Mey 1905. It teuk some time tae run properly but suin organized meetins atween the teams in schools. The first teuk place on 9 Juin 1907, atween teams frae Lycée Alaoui an Lycée Carnot (1–1). But fitbaa is no the anerlie discipline tae emerge. Atween 1928 an 1955 the ceety competit for nine editions o the Grand Prix o Tunis, whaur notable drivers sic as [[Marcel Lehoux]], [[Achille Varzi]], [[Tazio Nuvolari]] an [[Rudolf Caracciola]] teuk pairt. The Grand Prix o Tunis haes re-emerged syne 2000.<ref>{{fr}} [http://stream1.m6.fr.ipercast.net/m6.fr/videonum2/07/11/23/turbo__grd-prix-tunis-__20071123__43354432_Stream.wmv « Grand Prix historique de Tunis : un rendez-vous magique », ''Turbo'', M6, 23 novembre 2007] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224221312/http://stream1.m6.fr.ipercast.net/m6.fr/videonum2/07/11/23/turbo__grd-prix-tunis-__20071123__43354432_Stream.wmv |date=2009-02-24 }}</ref> The ceety haes forby held the [[Mediterranean Gemmes]] twice, in 1967 an 2001, an the internaitional tennis tournament, the [[Tunis Open]], which is includit in the [[ATP Challenger Series]]. The 2005 Warld Championship final for men in [[team handbaw]] wis played in Tunis, on 6 Februar. In tot the govrenorate o Tunis registered 24,095 licences for various clubs in the municipal aurie in 2007.<ref>{{fr}} [http://www.sport.tn/fo/fr/global.php?menu1=12 Statistiques du sport en Tunisie (Ministère de la jeunesse, des sports et de l’éducation physique)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216082358/http://www.sport.tn/fo/fr/global.php?menu1=12 |date=2008-12-16 }}</ref> {| class="sortable wikitable centre" |- style="text-align:center; background:#fbb;" ! Club !! Stadium !! Foondation !! Championships<br />o Fitbaa !! Championships<br />o volleybaw !! Championships<br />o handbaw !! Championships<br />o basketbaw |- | [[Club Africain]] | [[Stade El Menzah]] | 1920 | 12 | 7 | 8 | 1 |- | [[Espérance Sportive de Tunis]] | [[Stade El Menzah]] | 1919 | 20 | 15 | 24 | 3 |- | [[Stade Tunisien]] | [[Stade Chedli Zouiten]] | 1948 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |} [[File:CA - Radès.jpg|right|290px|thumb|7 November Radès Stadium]] [[File:Tunisia - Netherlands (Stade de Radès) 3.jpg|thumb|290px|left|[[Tunisie naitional fitbaa team]] playin]] The [[Esperance Sportive de Tunis]] (EST), [[Club Africain]] (CA), an [[Stade Tunisien]] are the major sports clubs in the ceety. A seembolic cless difference is present atween the EST's an the CA's supporters, despite thair playin at the same stadium. The EST is supportit bi the wealthy bourgeois an middle classes, while the CA, a poorer club, is supportit bi the masses an wirkin cless generally.<ref>Franck Moroy, ''Football et politique. Le derby tunisois Espérance sportive de Tunis - Club Africain'', éd. Institut d’études politiques, Aix-en-Provence, 1997</ref> The first true sports facilities wur managed unner the French protectorate, as illustratit bi the development o the Ksar Said racecourse an construction o the [[Stade Chedli Zouiten]] in the neighborhuid o Belvedere, which haed lang been the main stadium in the caipital afore bein supplantit bi the Olympic stadium, [[Stade El Menzah]], whaur EST an CA play thair fitbaa the day. The Olympic stadium an veelage urie wis biggit tae accommodate the Mediterranean Gemmes in 1967. A 60,000-seat stadium wis forby biggit in Radès for the Mediterranean Gemmes in 2001 at an estimatit cost o 170 million dinars, wi nearly hauf o the loans financed bi [[Republic o Korea|Sooth Korea]]n businessmen. The Olympic veelage wis financed bi an investment estimatit at 50 million dinars.<ref>{{fr}} [http://www.jeuneafrique.com/jeune_afrique/article_jeune_afrique.asp?art_cle=LIN07083combietocan0 Abdelaziz Barrouhi, Combien ça coûte ? , ''Jeune Afrique''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615085854/http://www.jeuneafrique.com/jeune_afrique/article_jeune_afrique.asp?art_cle=LIN07083combietocan0 |date=2009-06-15 }}</ref> In 2008, the govrenment annoonced the stairt o construction o a lairge sports complex that will include several sports academies, a 20,000-seat stadium, an a soummin centre. Kent as Tunis Sports Ceety, it will expand aroond the lake o Tunis, on the road tae [[La Marsa]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mosaiquefm.net/Tsawer/displayimage.php?pid=5970&fullsize=1 |title=Modélisation de la future Tunis Sports City (Mosaïque FM) |access-date=2011-01-24 |archive-date=2008-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080519102557/http://www.mosaiquefm.net/Tsawer/displayimage.php?pid=5970&fullsize=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Internaitional relations== ===Twin touns — Sister ceeties=== Tunis is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi:<ref name="Tunis">{{cite web|url=http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/mairie_cooperation1.htm|title=Cooperation Internationale|publisher=© 2003-2009 City of Tunis Portal|language=French|accessdate=2009-07-31|archive-date=2008-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080508191341/http://www.commune-tunis.gov.tn/fr/mairie_cooperation1.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> {| |- |valign="top"| *{{flagicon|Serbia}} [[Belgrade]], [[Serbie]] *{{flagicon|Algeria}} [[Algiers]], [[Algerie]] *{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Cologne]], [[Germany]] *{{flagicon|Morocco}} [[Rabat]], [[Morocco]]<ref name="Tunis"/> *{{flagicon|Jordan}} [[Amman]], [[Jordan]]<ref name="Tunis"/> *{{flagicon|France}} [[Paris]], [[Fraunce]] *{{flagicon|France}} [[Marseille]], [[Fraunce]] *{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Montreal]], [[Canadae]]<ref name="Tunis"/> *{{flagicon|Portugal}} [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]] *{{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brazil]] |width="80"|&nbsp; |valign="top"| *{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Roum]], [[Italy]]<ref name="Tunis"/> *{{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Stockholm]], [[Swaden]]<ref name="Tunis"/> *{{flagicon|Qatar}} [[Doha]], [[Qatar]]<ref name="Tunis"/> *{{flagicon|Russia}} [[Moscow]], [[Roushie]]<ref name="Tunis"/> *{{flagicon|Chile}} [[Santiago]], [[Chile]]<ref name="Tunis"/> *{{flagicon|Austria}} [[Vienna]], [[Austrick]] *{{flagicon|Czech Republic}} [[Prague]], [[Czech Republic]] *{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} [[Jeddah]], [[Saudi Arabie]] *{{flagicon|Uzbekistan}} [[Tashkent]], [[Uzbekistan]] *{{flagicon|Kuwait}} [[Kuwait Ceety]], [[Kuwait]] |} ==References== {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{Leet o African caipitals}} [[Category:Tunis| ]] [[Category:Caipitals in Africae]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Tunisie]] [[Category:Barbary Wars]] [[Category:Mediterranean port ceeties an touns in Tunisie]] [[Category:Populatit places established in the 2nt millennium BC]] [[Category:Populatit places in Tunis Govrenorate]] a9jdklhchoi5xldycamo8s6hihph7b8 0 12980 918475 885578 2026-06-20T09:04:37Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918475 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Flickr - DVS1mn - 46 Studebaker M5 Pick-Up.jpg|thumb|250px|1946 Studebaker M5 truck]] [[File:Studebaker M16 52A Truck 1948.jpg|thumb|250px|1948 Studebaker M16 52A truck]] The '''M Series Truck''' wis an [[automobile]] truck designed in the late 1930s bi the [[Studebaker|Studebaker Corporation]]. ==Production== It wis first put intae production in November 1940 an saw extensive action durin the Seicont Warld War, specifically in the [[Sooth East Asie]]n theatre against [[Japan]]. In parteecular, M Series Studebaker trucks wur uised in the construction o the Burma road. A lairge nummer o thir trucks an aa served in the [[Roushie]] forces as pairt o aid givin tae the kintra bi the U.S. Efter the war, the M16 1-1/2 Ton Truck model wis the civilian variant produced, wi production lastin frae 1945-1949. ==Design an specifications== The M series sportit a mair aerodynamic shape than maist trucks o the time, wi easily recognisable "wind wing" vents on the driver an passenger windaes, a featur no foond on ony ither mak o American truck durin [[Warld War II]]. the licht version o the M series truck wis kent as the Coupe Express, (no tae be ramfeeselt wi the previous [[Studebaker Coupe Express]] o 1937-1939)<ref>Studebaker truck [https://web.archive.org/web/20040410203005/http://studetrucks.tripod.com/ov.htm data], retrieved on March 10, 2007</ref>. <BR> {| border="1" !Ingine |Commander “Big Six” 226 ci, 94&nbsp;hp w/ 6 blade shrouded fan |- !Transmission |T9 crash box 4 speed w/ drum emergency brake |- !Tire size |8.25 x 20” |- !Wheel base |152” |} ==Notes== {{reflist}} {{Studebaker}} [[Category:Studebaker vehicles|M Series Truck]] eq4udkkly77kxymk686lp6vguk1ssav 0 13526 918434 885445 2026-06-20T05:22:39Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918434 wikitext text/x-wiki The '''Rwandan Genocide''' wis the 1994 mass murther o an estimatit 800,000 fowk. Ower the course o approximately 100 days frae the [[Assassination o Juvénal Habyarimana an Cyprien Ntaryamira|assassination]] o [[Juvénal Habyarimana]] on Aprile 6 throu mid-Julie, at least 800,000 fowk wur killed, accordin tae a Human Rights Watch estimate.<ref name=A>{{Cite book|last=Des Forges|first=Alison|title=Leave No One to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda|publisher=Human Rights Watch|year=1999|location=|pages=|url=http://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda|isbn=1-56432-171-1|accessdate=January 12, 2007}}</ref> Ither estimates o the [[daith toll]] hae ranged atween 500,000 an 1,000,000,<ref>See, e.g., [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1288230.stm Rwanda: How the genocide happened], [[BBC]], April 1, 2004, which gives an estimate of 800,000, and [https://web.archive.org/web/20120115022502/http://www.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/afrec/subjindx/121rwan.htm OAU sets inquiry into Rwanda genocide], Africa Recovery, Vol. 12 1#1 (August 1998), page 4, which estimates the number at between 500,000 and 1,000,000. Seven out of every 10 Tutsis were killed.</ref> or as muckle as 20% o the kintra's tot population. It wis the culmination, lairgely influenced bi the Belgian colonization which favored the Tutsi minority group acause o thair mair "European" appearance, o langstandin ethnic competeetion an tensions atween the minority [[Tutsi]], who haed controlled pouer for centuries, an the majority [[Hutu]] fowks, who haed come tae pouer in the rebellion o 1959-1962 an owerthrown the Tutsi monarchy.<ref name=Threads>[http://www.ideajournal.com/articles.php?sup=11 René Lemarchand, "Disconnecting the Threads: Rwanda and the Holocaust Reconsidered"], ''Idea Journal'', Vol. 7, No. 1, Mar 29, 2002, accessed Sep 14, 2010</ref> In 1990, the [[Rwandan Patriotic Front]] (RPF), a rebel group componed maistly o [[Tutsi]] refugees, invadit northren Rwanda frae [[Uganda]] in an attempt tae defeat the Hutu-led govrenment. Thay began the [[Rwandan Civil War]], focht atween the Hutu regime, wi support frae [[Francophone]] [[Francophone Africae|naitions o Africae]] an Fraunce,<ref>Wallis, Andrew. ''Silent accomplice'', 2006, pp. 38–41</ref><ref>Walter, Barbara F. and Snyder, Jack L. ''Civil Wars, Insecurity, and Intervention'', 1999, p.135</ref> an the RPF, wi support frae Ugandae. This exacerbatit [[ethnic]] tensions in the kintra. In response, mony Hutu gravitatit toward the [[Hutu Power]] ideology. As an ideology, Hutu Power assertit that the Tutsi intendit tae enslave the Hutu an must be resistit at aw costs. Continuing ethnic strife resultit in the rebels' displacin lairge nummers o Hutu in the north, plus periodic localized Hutu killins o Tutsi in the sooth. Internaitional pressure on the Hutu-led govrenment o [[Juvénal Habyarimana]] resultit in a cease-fire in 1993. He wis able tae begin implementation o the [[Arusha Accords]]. The [[Assassination o Juvénal Habyarimana an Cyprien Ntaryamira|assassination o Habyarimana]] in Aprile 1994 set aff a violent reaction, resultin in the Hutus' conductin mass killins o Tutsis an pro-peace Hutus. Primarily responsible wur twa Hutu militias associatit wi poleetical pairties: the ''[[Interahamwe]]'' an the ''[[Impuzamugambi]]''. The Hutu Power group kent as the [[Akazu]] directit the genocide. It wis the end o the peace agreement meant tae end the war. The Tutsi RPF restairtit thair offensive, eventually defeatin the govrenment airmy an seizing control o the kintra. == References == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} [[Category:Militar scandals]] [[Category:Genocides]] [[Category:Rwandan Genocide| ]] [[Category:1994 in Africae]] [[Category:Massacres in Rwanda]] [[Category:1990s in Africae]] [[Category:Mass murther in 2004]] [[Category:Peacekeepin operations]] [[Category:Peacekeepin missions an operations involvin the Unitit Naitions]] [[Category:History o Africae]] [[Category:Unitit Naitions operations in Rwanda]] [[Category:Responsibility tae protect]] 12vyu9ap5io0vnu9zyx4vt9d2rlbz1z 0 13650 918375 900330 2026-06-19T21:18:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918375 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Aboot|the ceety in Florida}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Miami | official_name = City of Miami | settlement_type = [[:en:List of communities in Miami-Dade County, Florida|Ceety]] | image_skyline = Miami collage 20110330.jpg | image_size = 300px | image_alt = A collage of images of Miami. | image_caption = Frae top, left tae richt: Skyline o [[Downtown Miami|Downtown]], [[Freedom Tower (Miami)|Freedom Tower]], [[Villa Vizcaya]], [[Miami Tower]], [[Virginia Key|Virginia Key Beach]], [[Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts]], [[AmericanAirlines Arena]], [[Port of Miami]], skyline o Dountoun at nicht | image_flag = Flag of Miami, Florida.svg | image_seal = Escudo de Miami.svg | nickname = "Magic City", "The Gateway to the Americas", "Capital of Latin America"<ref name="time.com">{{cite news | url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html | work=Time | title=Miami: the Capital of Latin America | date=December 2, 1993 | access-date=2013-03-13 | archive-date=2013-08-13 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813065922/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="cnbcmagazine.com">[http://www.cnbcmagazine.com/story/shore-bet/1346/1/ SHORE BET – CNBC Business] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130108195519/http://www.cnbcmagazine.com/story/shore-bet/1346/1/ |date=2013-01-08 }}. Cnbcmagazine.com. Retrieved on 2012-10-08.</ref> | image_map = Miami-Dade County Florida Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Miami Highlighted.svg | map_caption = Location in [[Miami-Dade Coonty]] an the state o Florida | pushpin_map = USA | pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Unitit States | pushpin_label = Miami | coordinates = {{coord|25|47|16|N|80|13|27|W|region:US-FL|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Kintra | subdivision_name = [[Unitit States]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Florida]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Leet o coonties in Florida|Coonty]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Miami-Dade Coonty|Miami-Dade]] | established_title = Settled | established_date = 1825 | established_title2 = Incorporatit | established_date2 = 28 Julie 1896 | named_for = [[Mayaimi]] | government_type = [[Mayor–cooncil govrenment|Mayor–commissioner plan]] | leader_party = [[Independent (politeecian)|I]] | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = [[Tomás Regalado (American politeecian)|Tomás Regalado]] | leader_title1 = Ceety manager | leader_name1 = Johnny Martinez | unit_pref = US | area_total_sq_mi = 55.27 | area_land_sq_mi = 35.68 | area_water_sq_mi = 19.59 | area_urban_sq_mi = 1116.1 | area_metro_sq_mi = 6137 | elevation_ft = 6 | population_footnotes =<ref name=censuspop>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table|title=American Factfinder, Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 |publisher=[[US Census Bureau]] |accessdate=October 21, 2011}}</ref><ref name="American Community Survey">[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=40000US56602&-qr_name=ACS_2008_3YR_G00_DP3YR5&-context=adp&-ds_name=&-tree_id=3308&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-format= American Community Survey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028193609/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=40000US56602&-qr_name=ACS_2008_3YR_G00_DP3YR5&-context=adp&-ds_name=&-tree_id=3308&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-format= |date=2011-10-28 }} Miami Urbanized Area (2008 estimate)</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/SUB-EST2009.html |title=Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas |access-date=2012-10-18 |archive-date=2011-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514000702/http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/SUB-EST2009.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2009-01.csv "2009 City Estimates"], US Census Bureau. (CSV format) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110829192247/http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2009-01.csv |date=2011-08-29 }}</ref> | population_total = 408568 ([[Leet o Unitit States ceeties bi population|42nt]]) | population_as_of = 2010 | population_density_sq_mi= 12139.5 | population_urban = 5502379 ([[Leet o Unitit States urban auries|4t]]) | population_demonym = Miamian | timezone1 = [[Eastren Time Zone|EST]] | utc_offset1 = −5 | timezone1_DST = [[Eastren Time Zone|EDT]] | utc_offset1_DST = −4 | postal_code_type = [[ZIP code|ZIP code(s)]] | postal_code = 33010–33299 | area_code = [[Aurie code 305|305]], [[Aurie code 786|786]] | website = [http://www.miamigov.com/home/ miamigov.com/home] | footnotes = }} '''Miami''' ({{pron-en|maɪˈæmi}} or {{IPA-en|maɪˈæmə|}}) is a major city locatit on the [[Atlantic]] coast in sootheastren [[Florida]] an the [[coonty seat]] o [[Miami-Dade Coonty, Florida|Miami-Dade Coonty]], the maist populous coonty in Florida, an the [[Leet o the maist populous coonties in the Unitit States|aicht-maist populous coonty in the Unitit States]], wi a population o 2,500,625.<ref>[http://www.miamiherald.com/news/miami-dade/story/1378375.html MiamiHerald.com]</ref> The 42nt lairgest city in the Unitit States, wi a population o 433,136, it is the principal, central, an maist populous city o the [[Miami metropolitan aurie]], the [[Sootheastren Unitit States#Largest metropolitan auries|maist populous metropolis in the Southeastren Unitit States]].<ref>{{Cite web| url = http://www.census.gov/popest/metro/files/2009/CBSA-EST2009-alldata.csv | title = http://www.census.gov/popest/metro/files/2009/CBSA-EST2009-alldata.csv | format = [[comma-separated values|CSV]] | work = 2009 Population Estimates | publisher = [[United States Census Bureau]] | date = 2009-07-01 | accessdate = 2010-04-28 }}</ref> Accordin tae Unitit Naitions estimates, the Miami Urbanized Area wis the fift maist populous [[Urbanized area#United States|urbanized area]] in the U.S. in 2000 wi a population o 4,919,036, but in 2008 that nummer increased tae 5,232,342, makin it the fowert-lairgest urbanized area in the [[Unitit States]], ahint [[New York Ceety]], [[Los Angeles]], an [[Chicago]].<ref name="American Community Survey"/><ref>[http://www.census.gov/geo/www/ua/ua2k.txt List of Urbanized Areas]&nbsp;– accessed July 16, 2008</ref> The metropolitan aurie population is 5,547,051 (1 Julie 2009 estimate). Miami is a major centre an a leader in finance, commerce, cultur, media, entertainment, the airts, an internaitional tred.<ref name=GAWC>{{cite web |url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html |title=The World According to GaWC 2008 |publisher=Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network, [[Loughborough University]] |accessdate=March 3, 2009 |archive-date=2016-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811203314/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html |title=Inventory of World Cities |publisher=Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Study Group and Network |accessdate=2007-12-01 |archive-date=2013-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014191556/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2010, Miami ranked seivent in the Unitit States in terms o finance, commerce, cultur, entertainment, fashion, eddication, an ither sectors. It ranked thirtie-third amang global ceeties.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/node/373401 |title=The Global Cities Index 2010 |accessdate=2010-09-08 |archive-date=2012-02-02 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/659S16ErP?url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/node/373401 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2008, Miami wis ranked as "Americae's Cleanest City" accordin tae [[Forbes Magazine]] for its year-roond guid air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinkin watter, clean streets an ceety-wide recyclin programs.<ref name="Van Riper">{{cite news |url=http://www.forbes.com/business/2008/03/17/miami-seattle-orlando-biz-logistics-cx_tvr_0317cleanest.html |title=America's cleanest cities |last=Van Riper |first=Tom |date=March 17, 2008 |publisher=[[Forbes Magazine]] |accessdate=2008-02-23 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529143525/http://www.forbes.com/2008/03/17/miami-seattle-orlando-biz-logistics-cx_tvr_0317cleanest.html |archivedate=2010-05-29 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2009, [[UBS AG|UBS]] study o 73 warld cities, Miami wis ranked as the richest city in the Unitit States an the warld's fift-richest city, in terms o [[purchasin pouer]].<ref name="City Mayors">{{cite web |url=http://www.citymayors.com/economics/usb-purchasing-power.html |title=City Mayors: World's richest cities by purchasing power |publisher=[[City Mayors]] |accessdate=2009-09-19}}</ref> [[Downtown Miami]] an [[Sooth Florida]] are hame tae the lairgest concentration o internaitional banks in the Unitit States, an is hame tae mony lairge companies baith naitionally an internaitionally.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nestseekers.com/Neighborhood/3059/Brickell/Sales |title=Nest Seekers International |access-date=2010-11-20 |archive-date=2009-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090701071938/http://www.nestseekers.com/Neighborhood/3059/Brickell/Sales |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.madduxco.com/brickell.htm |title=Brickell – Downtown Miami, Florida |access-date=2010-11-20 |archive-date=2016-01-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113152721/http://www.madduxco.com/brickell.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> For well mair nor twa decades, the [[Port o Miami]], kent as the "Cruise Caipital o the Warld" is the nummer ane cruise passenger port in the warld accommodatin some o the lairgest cruise ships in the warld, an operations an is the busiest in baith passenger traffeck an cruise lines.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.miamidade.gov/portofmiami/ |title=Miami-Dade.gov Port of Miami |access-date=2010-11-20 |archive-date=2012-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918071541/http://www.miamidade.gov/portofmiami/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Port of Miami">{{Cite web |url=http://gomiami.about.com/od/cruisingportofmiami/a/cruiselines.htm |title=Cruise lines departing from the Port of Miami |access-date=2010-11-20 |archive-date=2015-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150628233320/http://gomiami.about.com/od/cruisingportofmiami/a/cruiselines.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sister ceeties == {{See an aa|Leet o sister ceeties in Florida}} * {{flagicon|Jordan}} [[Amman]], Jordan (syne 1995)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ammancity.gov.jo/english/relations/r12.asp|title=Amman’s Relations with Other Cities|access-date=2011-09-19|archive-date=2008-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081226121545/http://www.ammancity.gov.jo/english/relations/r12.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> * {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Ankara]], Turkey * {{flagicon|Colombia}} [[Bogotá]], Colombie (syne 1971)<ref name="sister">{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp |title=Mayor's International Council Sister Cities Program |publisher=City of Miami |accessdate=July 13, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070526222509/http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp |archivedate=2007-05-26 |url-status=live }}</ref> * {{flagicon|Argentina}} [[Buenos Aires]], Argentinae (syne 1979)<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|Bolivia}} [[Cochabamba]], Bolivie<ref name="sisterorg" /> *{{flagicon|Cuba}} [[Havana]], Cuba (syne 1926) * {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Kagoshima]], Japan (syne 1990)<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|Peru}} [[Lima]], Peru (syne 1977)<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Managua]], Nicaragua (syne 1991)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.managua.gob.ni/index.php?s=1153|title=Office of the Mayor of Managua, Nicaragua (In Spanish) |accessdate=November 7, 2009 |publisher=Office of the Mayor of Managua }}</ref> * {{flagicon|Spain}} [[Murcia]], Spain<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Palermo]], Italy (syne 2001)<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|Haiti}} [[Port-au-Prince]], Haiti (syne 1991)<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|China}} [[Qingdao]], Fowkrepublic o Cheenae<!--It must say PRC in full!--> (syne 2005)<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]], Brazil (syne 2006)<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|Chile}} [[Santiago]], Chile (syne 1986)<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|Dominican Republic}} [[Santo Domingo]], Dominican Republic (syne 1987)<ref name="sister" /> * {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Varna]], Bulgarie<ref name="sisterorg">{{cite web |url=http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/USA/FL |title=Online Directory: Florida, USA |accessdate=July 25, 2008 |publisher=Sister Cities International }}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat|Miami, Florida}} [[Category:Miami| ]] [[Category:Ceeties in Miami-Dade Coonty, Florida]] [[Category:Coonty seats in Florida]] [[Category:Bermuda Triangle]] [[Category:Port ceeties in Florida]] [[Category:Seaside resorts in Florida]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1896]] [[Category:Port ceeties an touns o the Unitit States Atlantic coast]] [[Category:Ceeties in Florida]] [[Category:Populatit coastal places in Florida on the Atlantic Ocean]] [[Category:Ceeties in Miami metropolitan aurie]] {{Stub/USA}} 0h60j0aq5a0qudsva0yga0ngdmcah9y 0 13720 918396 891668 2026-06-19T23:03:40Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name= Nông Đức Mạnh |image= Nong Duc Manh 2010.jpg | imagesize= 200px | caption= Nông Đức Mạnh in 2010 | order= [[General Secretary o the Communist Pairty o Vietnam|General Secretary]] o the [[Central Committee o the Communist Pairty o Vietnam|Central Committee]] o the [[Communist Pairty o Vietnam]] | term_start= 22 Aprile 2001 | term_end= 19 Januar 2011 | president= [[Tran Duc Luong|Trần Đức Lương]]<br/>[[Nguyen Minh Triet|Nguyễn Minh Triết]] | primeminister= [[Phan Van Khai|Phan Văn Khải]]<br/>[[Nguyen Tan Dung|Nguyễn Tấn Dũng]] | predecessor= [[Le Kha Phieu|Lê Khả Phiêu]] | successor= [[Nguyen Phu Trong|Nguyễn Phú Trọng]] | order1 = [[Secretary o the Central Militar Commission|Secretary]] o the [[Central Militar Commission (Vietnam)|Central Militar Commission]] o the [[Communist Pairty o Vietnam|Communist Pairty]] | term_start1 = 22 Aprile 2001 | term_end1 = 19 Januar 2011 | predecessor1= [[Le Kha Phieu|Lê Khả Phiêu]] | successor1= [[Nguyen Phu Trong|Nguyễn Phú Trọng]] | order2= [[Chairman o the Naitional Assembly o Vietnam|Chairman]] o the [[Naitional Assembly o Vietnam|Naitional Assembly]] | term_start2= 23 September 1992 | term_end2= 27 Juin 2001 | predecessor2=[[Le Quang Dao|Lê Quang Đạo]] | successor2= [[Nguyen Van An|Nguyễn Văn An]] | birth_date= {{birth date and age|1940|9|11|df=yes}} | birth_place= [[Na Ri|Na Rì]], [[Bac Kan province|Bắc Kạn]], [[French Indocheenae]] | party= [[Communist Pairty o Vietnam]] }} '''Nông Đức Mạnh''' {{audio|Nong Duc Manh.ogg|pronunciation}} (born 11 September 1940) is a Vietnamese politeecan an wis the General Secretary o the [[Communist Pairty o Vietnam]], the maist pouerful position in the Vietnamese govrenment frae 22 Aprile 2001 tae 19 Januar 2011. Although his offeecial biography states that his parents wur peasants o the [[Tay fowk|Tày]] ethnic group,<ref name="OfficialBio">[http://www.vietnamembassy-usa.org/news/story.php?d=20010422215101 Biography of Mr. Nong Duc Manh- General Secretary of the CPV], VNA, April 22, 2001</ref> ane rumor claims that Mạnh is in fact the son o North Vietnamese leader [[Ho Chi Minh]].<ref name="rumor">[https://web.archive.org/web/20121023035556/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-121027178/head-vietnam-communist-party.html Head of Vietnam's Communist Party reportedly to be ousted], San Jose Mercury News (San Jose, CA), April 17, 2001<br>Nichols, Hans S., [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1571/is_20_17/ai_75122073/ Ho Chi Minh's Love Child] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903102150/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1571/is_20_17/ai_75122073/ |date=2010-09-03 }}. ''Insight on the News,'' May 28, 2001.</ref> This rumor is said tae be a factor in his rapid rise in the pairty.<ref name="rumor"/> He wis born in [[Cuong Loi|Cường Lợi]], [[Na Ri Destrict|Na Rì Destrict]], [[Bac Kan province|Bắc Kạn province]]. Mạnh is the faither o Nông Quốc Tuấn, deputy pairty secretary for Bắc Giang province. ==References== {{Reflist}}{{Stub/Asie}}{{Stub/Politics}}{{Commonscat|Nông Đức Mạnh}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nong Duc Manh}} [[Category:Chairmen o the Standin Committee o the Naitional Assembly o Vietnam]] [[Category:1940 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Tày fowk]] [[Category:Communist Pairty o Vietnam politeecians]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] qtiwhvjbo9vz4dw52i9clch9x10iptc 0 13993 918440 886045 2026-06-20T05:39:34Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918440 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Salalah''' ({{lang-ar|صلالة; [[Arabic transliteration|transliteratit]] Şalālah}}), is the [[Caipital ceety|caipital]] an seat o the [[governor]] or Wali o the soothren [[Oman]]i province o [[Dhofar Governorate|Dhofar]]. The population o Salalah is 197,169 as o 2009<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120716184935/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1116712886&men=gpro&lng=en&gln=xx&dat=32&geo=-166&srt=npan&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=&geo=385295409 - Population of Salalah in 2009.</ref>. Salalah is the seicont lairgest ceety in the [[Oman|Sultanate o Oman]], an the lairgest ceety in the Dhofar Provence. The coastal ceety o Salalah is a traditional stranghauld an birthplace o the [[Sultan]], [[Qaboos o Oman|Qaboos bin Said]]. The Sultan tradeetionally lives in Salalah rather than in [[Muscat, Oman|Muscat]], the [[Caipital ceety|caipital]] an lairgest ceety in Oman; Qaboos haes bucked this trend, an haes lived in Muscat syne he ascendit tae the throne in 1970. He daes housomeivver veesit Salalah fairly regularly tae meet wi influential [[tribe|tribal]] an local leaders; his last veesit wis in 2006 an afore that he visitit in 2002. In mid-2009 the massive Sultan Qaboos [[Mosque]] wis opened in Salalah, 39 years efter he haed taken the [[throne]]. ==References== {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{#invoke:coordinates|coord|display=title}} [[Category:Salalah| ]] [[Category:Populatit places in Oman]] [[Category:Port ceeties in the Arabie Peninsulae]] [[Category:Indie Ocean]] qddqu8uvmsga0f83dllbynhxl96bfjw 0 14301 918358 780216 2026-06-19T14:46:40Z EUPBR 123878 918358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Mogilev<br>Mahiloŭ |native_name = Магілёў<br>Могилёв |image_skyline = {{Photomontage| |color=#ffffff | photo1a = Магілёў. Цэнтр.JPG | photo2a = Магілёў. Цэнтр горада ў 2016 годзе (26) (cropped).jpg | photo2b = Магілёў. Цэнтр горада ў 2016 годзе (06) (cropped).jpg | photo3a = Магілёўскія відарысы 01 (cropped).jpg | photo3b = Былы касьцёл Сьв. Казімера.jpg | photo5a = Магілёў. Цэнтр горада ў 2016 годзе (18) (cropped).jpg | position = center | spacing = 2 | border = 0 | size = 275 }} |imagesize = |image_flag = |image_shield = Coat of Arms of Mahiloŭ.svg |image_map = |map_caption = Location o Mahilyow, shown athin the [[Mogilev Region]] |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]<br/>[[Subdiveesions o Belaroushie|Subdiveesion]] |pushpin_map=Belarus |subdivision_name = {{flag|Belaroushie}}<br/>[[Mogilev Region]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = [[Stanisłaŭ Baradaŭka]] |established_title = Foondit |established_date = 1267 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |population_as_of = 2009 |population_note = |population_total = 360,918 |population_metro = |population_density_km2 = |timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +2 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |coordinates = {{coord|53|55|N|30|21|E|region:BY|display=inline}} |elevation_m = |postal_code = 212000 |area_code = |blank_name = License plate |blank_info = 6 |website = http://www.city.mogilev.by |footnotes = }} '''Mogilev''' (an aa spelled '''Mahilyow''', an aa transliterated '''Mahiloŭ''', '''Mogilyov'''; {{lang-be|Магілёў}}, {{IPA-be|maɣʲiˈlʲou̯|pron}}; {{lang-ru|Могилёв}}, {{IPA-ru|məɡʲɪˈlʲof|}}) is a ceety in eastren [[Belaroushie]], aboot 76&nbsp;km frae the border wi [[Roushie]]'s [[Smolensk Oblast]] an 105&nbsp;km frae the border wi Roushie's [[Bryansk Oblast]]. It haes mair nor 367,788 inhabitants (2007 estimate). It is the centre o [[Mahilyow Region]] an the third lairgest ceety in Belarus. == Twin touns – Sister ceeties == Mahilyow is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi: * {{flagicon|Serbia}} [[Kragujevac]], [[Serbia]] * {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Gabrovo]], [[Bulgarie]] * {{flagicon|France}} [[Villeurbanne]], [[Fraunce]] * {{flagicon|Slovakia}} [[Bardejov]], [[Slovakie]] * {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Eisenach]], [[Germany]] * {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Kerch]], [[Ukraine]] * {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Tula, Roushie|Tula]], [[Russie]] * {{flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Klaipėda]], [[Lithuanie]] * {{flagicon|Poland}} [[Włocławek]], [[Poland]] * {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Denizli]], [[Turkey]] * {{flagicon|Azerbaijan}} [[Sumgayit]], [[Azerbaijan]] == References == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat|Mahilyow}} [[Category:Mogilev| ]] [[Category:Populatit places in Belaroushie]] [[Category:Shtetls]] ssuidr4c90k3fnnub7olgxmnk68i2lw 0 14333 918387 903393 2026-06-19T22:25:14Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918387 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Russian national anthem at Medvedev inauguration 2008.ogv|200px|thumb|right|alt=A video showin the inside an ootside o the Kremlin. Durin the video, the Roushie anthem is playin in the backgrund.]] The '''Naitional Anthem o the Roushie Federation''' ({{lang-ru|Государственный гимн Российской Федерации}}, ''Gosudarstvennyj Gimn Rossijskoj Federacii'') is the name o the offeecial [[naitional anthem]] o [[Roushie]]. Its muisical composition an leerics wur adoptit frae the [[anthem o the Soviet Union]], componed bi [[Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov|Alexander Alexandrov]], an leericists [[Sergey Mikhalkov]] an [[Gabriel El-Registan]]. The Soviet anthem wis uised frae 1944, replacin "[[The Internationale]]" wi a mair Roushie-centric sang. The anthem wis amendit in 1956 tae remove leerics that haed references tae umwhile Soviet leader [[Joseph Stalin]]. The anthem wis amendit again in 1977 tae introduce new leerics written bi Mikhalkov.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120721054654/http://www.nationalanthems.me/russia-national-anthem-of-the-russian-federation/ NationalAnthems.me. Retrieved on 23 November 2011; Archived on 21 July 2012.</ref><ref>https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=1423 Federal Constitutional Law on the National Anthem of the Russian Federation; 2000-12-25; Retrieved 2015-01-27.</ref><ref name="kremlin"/> Russia sought a new anthem in 1990 tae stairt anew efter [[the collapse o the Soviet Union]]. The leeric-free "[[Patrioticheskaya Pesnya]]", componed bi [[Mikhail Glinka]], wis offeecially adoptit in 1993 bi Chairman o the [[Supreme Soviet o Roushie|Supreme Soviet]] o the [[Roushie SFSR]], [[Boris Yeltsin]]. The govrenment sponsored contests tae creaut leerics for the unpopular anthem acause o its inability tae inspire Roushie athletes durin internaitional competitions. Nane o the entries wur adoptit, resultin in the restoration o the Soviet anthem bi Preses [[Vladimir Putin]]. The govrenment sponsored a contest tae fynd leerics, eventually settling on a composition bi Mikhalkov. Accordin tae the govrenment, the leerics wur selectit tae evoke an eulogize the history an tradeetions o Roushie. The new anthem wis adoptit in late 2000, an became the seicont anthem uised bi Roushie syne the dissolution o the Soviet Union. Public perception o the anthem is mixed amang Roushies. The anthem reminds some o the best days o Roushie an past sacrifices, while it reminds ithers o the violence that occurred unner the rule o Stalin. The Roushie govrenment contends that the anthem is a seembol o the unity o the fowk, an that it respects the past. A 2009 poll showed that 56% o respondents felt proud when hearin the anthem, an 81% liked it.<ref>http://wciom.com/archives/thematic-archive/info-material/single/12337.html{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Despite this positive perception, mony fowk canna remember the leerics.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120322062104/http://www.montreal.mid.ru/inf_symb_e.html# Consulate-General of the Russian Federation in Montreal, Canada. Archived on 7 September 2012; Retrieved on 31 March 2010.</ref> ==Offeecial leerics== {|style="text-align:center;" class="wikitable" |- |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"|<div style="color:#000000"><center>'''Roushie'''</center></div> |bgcolor="#0039A6"|<div style="color:#FFFFFF"><center>'''BGN/PCGN transliteration'''</center></div> |bgcolor="#D52B1E"|<div style="color:#FFFFFF"><center>'''Scots translation'''</center></div> |- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;" | Россия&nbsp;– священная наша держава,<br /> Россия&nbsp;– любимая наша страна.<br /> Могучая воля, великая слава&nbsp;–<br /> Твоё достоянье на все времена! ''Припев:'' :Славься, Отечество наше свободное, :Братских народов союз вековой, :Предками данная мудрость народная! :Славься, страна! Мы гордимся тобой! От южных морей до полярного края<br /> Раскинулись наши леса и поля.<br /> Одна ты на свете! Одна ты такая&nbsp;–<br /> Хранимая Богом родная земля! ''Припев'' Широкий простор для мечты и для жизни<br /> Грядущие нам открывают года.<br /> Нам силу даёт наша верность Отчизне.<br /> Так было, так есть и так будет всегда! ''Припев''<ref name="kremlin">https://web.archive.org/web/20110604021354/http://document.kremlin.ru/doc.asp?ID=5280&PSC=1&PT=3&Page=2 Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 30.12.2000 N 2110. Kremlin.ru. Archived on 4 June 2011; Retrieved on 20 December 2009.</ref><ref name="lyricslaw">{{harvnb|Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 30.12.2000 N 2110}}</ref> | <!--Please note that the English Wikipedia uses modified BGN/PCGN transliteration as outlined at [[WP:RUS]]. Please do not replace the following with an unrecognised transliteration scheme.--> Rossiya&nbsp;– svyashchennaya nasha derzhava,<br /> Rossiya&nbsp;– lyubimaya nasha strana.<br /> Moguchaya volya, velikaya slava&nbsp;–<br /> Tvoyo dostoyanye na vse vremena! ''Pripev:'' :Slav'sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye, :Bratskikh narodov soyuz vekovoy, :Predkami dannaya mudrost narodnaya! :Slav'sya, strana! My gordimsya toboy! Ot yuzhnykh morey dae polyarnogo kraya<br /> Raskinulis' nashi lesa i polya.<br /> Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaya&nbsp;–<br /> Khranimaya Bogom rodnaya zemlya! ''Pripev'' Shirokiy prostor dlya mechty i dlya zhizni<br /> Gryadushchiye nam otkryvayut goda.<br /> Nam silu dayot nasha vernost' Otchizne.<br /> Tak bylo, tak yest' i tak budet vsegda! ''Pripev'' | Russia&nbsp;– oor holy naition,<br /> Russia&nbsp;– oor beloved kintra.<br /> A michty will, great glory&nbsp;–<br /> Thir are yurs for aw time! ''Chorus:'' :Be glorious, oor free Mitherland, :Age-auld union o fraternal fowks, :Popular wisdom given bi oor forebears! :Be glorious, oor kintra! We are proud o ye! Frae the soothern seas tae the polar lands<br /> Spread oor forests an fields.<br /> Ye are unique in the warld, ane o a kynd&nbsp;–<br /> Native land protectit bi God! ''Chorus'' Wide spaces for dreams an for livin<br /> Are opened for us bi the comin years<br /> Oor lealtie tae oor Mitherland gies us strength.<br /> Sicweys it wis, sicweys it is an aaways will be! ''Chorus''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.montreal.mid.ru/inf_symb_e.html|title=State Symbols of the Russian Federation|accessdate=2010-03-31|publisher=[[Consulate-General of Russia in Montreal|Consulate-General of the Russian Federation in Montreal, Canada]]|archive-date=2012-09-07|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907171727/http://www.montreal.mid.ru/inf_symb_e.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |} ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Naitional anthems]] [[Category:Naitional seembols o Roushie]] [[Category:Roushie sangs]] 8mwradbczohks6bhf2n9fszb1mxxup1 0 14377 918399 885761 2026-06-19T23:17:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918399 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NSK Montage 2017.png|thumb|right|Views o Novosibirsk|250px]] '''Novosibirsk''' ({{lang-ru|Новосиби́рск}}, {{IPA-ru|nəvəsʲɪˈbʲirsk|pron}}) is [[Roushie]]'s third-lairgest [[types o inhabited localities in Roushie|ceety]], efter [[Moscow]] an [[Saunt Petersburg]], an the lairgest ceety o [[Siberie]] wi a population o 1.4 million (2010). It is the administrative centre o [[Novosibirsk Oblast]] as well as o the [[Siberian Federal District]]. The ceety is locatit in the sooth-wastren portion o the federal destrict an occupies an aurie o 477.2 square kilometres (184.2 sq mi). == Twin touns/Sister ceeties == Novosibirsk is [[toun twinnin|twinned]] wi: * {{flagicon|United States}} [[Minneapolis – Saint Paul|Minneapolis-St. Paul]], Unitit States, syne 1989 * {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Sapporo]], Japan, syne 1990<ref>{{ja icon}} [http://www.city.sapporo.jp/kokusai/sistercity/ 札幌市 - 国際交流 - 姉妹都市<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>{{ja icon}} [http://plaza-sapporo.or.jp/citizen_e/sister_cities/sister_cities.html Sister Cities | International Community Bureau<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016105101/http://plaza-sapporo.or.jp/citizen_e/sister_cities/sister_cities.html |date=2015-10-16 }}</ref> * {{flagicon|China}} [[Changchun]], Cheenae, syne 1994 * {{flagicon|Cyprus}} [[Larnaca]], [[Cyprus]], syne 1993 * {{flagicon|Belarus}} [[Minsk]], [[Belaroushie]] * {{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Daejeon]], Sooth Korea, syne 2001 * {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Varna]], [[Bulgarie]], syne 28 Juin 2008<ref>[http://www.novo-sibirsk.ru/news/18625 Novosibirsk official site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204022032/http://www.novo-sibirsk.ru/news/18625 |date=2009-02-04 }}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} {{#invoke:coordinates|coord|display=title}} {{Commonscat}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Novosibirsk| ]] [[Category:Ceeties an touns in Novosibirsk Oblast]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1893]] iikucmt3fqdphr6urx3k09r4irmj6dr 0 15334 918460 888161 2026-06-20T07:39:33Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |official_name = <big>Shiraz</big> |other_name = | native_name = شیراز | settlement_type = Ceety | native_name_lang = fa |nickname = '''Persie Cultural Caipital'''<br />'''Ceety o roses'''<br />'''Ceety o gardens'''<br />'''Ceety o flouer an nichtingale''' |settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |motto = <!-- maps -----------> |image_skyline = Hafeziyeh 0386.JPG |image_size = 300px |image_caption =[[Tomb o Hafez|Tomb]] o resident 14t-century poet [[Hafiz Shirazi|Hafiz]] |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = 50px |image_shield = |shield_size = |city_logo = |citylogo_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = | pushpin_map = Iran | pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> | pushpin_mapsize = <!-- Location ------------------> | pushpin_map_caption = Location o Shiraz in [[Iran]] <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Iran}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Provinces o Iran|Province]] |subdivision_name1 =[[Fars Province|Fars]] |subdivision_type2 =[[Coonties o Iran|Coonty]] |subdivision_name2 =[[Shiraz Coonty|Shiraz]] |subdivision_type3 =[[Bakhsh]] |subdivision_name3 =[[Central Destrict (Shiraz Coonty)|Central]] |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title =Mayor |leader_name =Mehran E'temadi<ref>{{cite web|author=محمد جواد مطلع |url=http://www.eshiraz.ir/main/en/mayor,03 |title=Shiraz Mayors from 1980 to 2010 |publisher=Shiraz Municipality |date=13 June 2010 |accessdate=5 May 2011}}</ref> |leader_title1 =Ceety cooncil |leader_name1 =Zein Al Abedin Arab<br />Sayed Mohammad Kazem Dastgheyb<br />Ezat Allah Fahandezh Sa'adi<br />Fatemeh Hooshmand<br />Mehdi Khani<br />Sayed Mohsen Moein<br />Mozaffar Mokhtari<br />Sayed Saeed Moosavi<br />Ali Zahmat Kesh<br />Ma'asoomeh Zare'e<br />Shobeir Zare'e Khafri<ref name="citycouncil">{{cite web|author=محمد جواد مطلع |url=http://www.eshiraz.ir/citycouncil/en/members |title=City Council Members |publisher=Shiraz Municipality |date=13 August 2009 |accessdate=5 May 2011}}</ref> |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes ={{citation needed|date=October 2011}} |area_total_km2 =178.891 |area_land_km2 =178.891 |area_water_km2 =0 |area_total_sq_mi =69.07 |area_land_sq_mi =69.07 |area_water_sq_mi =0 |area_water_percent =0 |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of = 2009 |population_footnotes = |population_note =Population Data: 2006 Census was 1,214,808, in 315,725 families<ref>{{IranCensus2006|07}}</ref> 2009 Municipality was 1,455,073<ref name="Shiraz Population & Area">{{cite web |url=http://www.shiraz.ir/shares/main/eshiraz-admin/pop1385-1388.pdf |title=Shiraz Population & Area |format=PDF |accessdate=5 May 2011 |archive-date=2012-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309090527/http://www.shiraz.ir/shares/main/eshiraz-admin/pop1385-1388.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |population_total =1,455,073 |population_density_km2 =3,609.8 |population_density_sq_mi =9347.5 |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = [[Iran Staundart Time|IRST]] |utc_offset = +3:30 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|29|37|N|52|32|E|region:IR|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = 1,500 |elevation_ft = 5,200 <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = 0711 |blank_name = Routes |blank_info = {{IR-Road|65}}<br>{{IR-Road|67}}<br>{{IR-Road|86}}<br>'''Futur'''<br>[[File:Freeway in Iran.png|18px]] [[Shiraz-Isfahan Freeway]] |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = http://www.shiraz.ir/ |footnotes = }} '''Shiraz''' ({{Audio|En-Shiraz Pronunciation.ogg|listen}} {{lang-fa|شیراز}} {{IPA-fa|ʃiːˈrɒːz}}) is the saxt maist populous ceety in [[Iran]]<ref>Efter [[Tehran]], [[Mashhad]], [[Esfahan]], [[Tabriz]] an [[Karaj]]; in 2006 Shiraz haed a total population o 1,204,882</ref> an is the caipital o [[Fars Province]]. Shiraz is locatit in the soothwast o Iran on the Rudkhaneye Khoshk saisonal river. Shiraz haes a moderate climate an haes been a regional tred centre for mair nor ane thoosan years. [[File:Mezquita de Nasirolmolk, Shiraz, Irán, 2016-09-24, DD 66-68 HDR.jpg|thumb]] The earliest reference tae the ceety, as ''Tiraziš'', is on Elamite clay tablets datit tae 2000 BC.<ref>Cameron, George G. ''Persepolis Treasury Tablets'', University of Chicago Press, 1948:115.</ref> In the 13t century, Shiraz became a leadin centre o the airts an letters, thanks tae the encouragement o its ruler an the presence o mony Persian scholars an airtists. Shiraz wis the caipital o [[Persian Empire|Persie]] durin the [[Zand dynasty]] frae 1750 till 1781, as well as briefly durin the [[Saffarid|Saffarid period]]. Shiraz is kent as the ceety o poets, wine an flouers.<ref>[http://www.iranchamber.com/cities/shiraz/shiraz.php (Iran Chamber Society) "Shiraz" (php file)]; [http://www.asemangasht.com/Shiraz.htm "Shiraz"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107223312/http://www.asemangasht.com/Shiraz.htm |date=2011-01-07 }}</ref> The wird "shir" in [[Persian leid|Persian]] means "lion", but it coud an an mean "milk". It is an aa considered bi mony Iranians tae be the ceety o gardens, due tae the mony gardens an fruit trees that can be seen in the ceety. Shiraz haes haed major Jewish an Christian communities. The crafts o Shiraz conseest o inlaid mosaic wirk o triangular design; siller-ware; pile cairpet-weavin an weavin o [[kilim]], cried ''gilim'' an ''jajim'' in the veelages an amang the tribes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.shirazcity.org/shiraz/Shiraz%20Information/shiraz_history/Characteristics%20e.htm |title="the physical features of Shiraz" |access-date=2011-01-26 |archive-date=2009-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217185742/http://shirazcity.org/shiraz/Shiraz%20Information/shiraz_history/Characteristics%20e.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> In Shiraz industries sic as cement production, succar, fertilizers, textile products, wid products, metalwirk an rugs dominate.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.i-cias.com/e.o/shiraz.htm |title=Looklex Encyclopaedia |access-date=2011-01-26 |archive-date=2011-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705072314/http://i-cias.com/e.o/shiraz.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shirāz an aa haes a major ile refinery an is an aa a major centre for Iran's electronic industries: 53% o Iran's electronic investment haes been centred in Shiraz.<ref>[http://arshksco.com/seez.htm ARSH Co. site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707164111/http://arshksco.com/seez.htm |date=2011-07-07 }}</ref> Shiraz is hame tae Iran's first [[solar pouer plant]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=186558 |title=Iran’s first solar power plant comes on stream |publisher=tehran times |date=2009-01-11 |accessdate=2010-09-25}}</ref> ==Twin touns — sister ceeties== * {{flagicon|China}} [[Chongqing]], [[Cheenae]] * {{flagicon|Cyprus}} [[Nicosia]], [[Cyprus]] * {{flagicon|Tajikistan}} [[Dushanbe]], [[Tajikistan]] * {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Weimar]], [[Germany]] * {{flagicon|Malaysia}} [[Malacca Ceety]], [[Malaysie]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} [[Category:Shiraz| ]] [[Category:Ceeties in Fars Province]] [[Category:Iranian provincial caipitals]] [[Category:History o Iran]] [[Category:Umwhile caipitals o Iran]] cbtw4eral4cj2m4y75b1ym7iena3i5u 0 15443 918366 885409 2026-06-19T19:50:59Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918366 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luxor''' ({{lang-ar|الأقصر ''Al Aqṣur''}}) is a ceety in Upper (soothren) [[Egyp]] an the caipital o [[Luxor Govrenorate]]. The population numbers 487,896 (2010 estimate),<ref name=2010stats>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120509202042/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1280273714&lng=de&des=wg&geo=-69&srt=npan&col=adhoq&msz=1500&men=gcis&lng=en World Gazetteer - Egypt: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population] (retrieved 2010-7-27)</ref> wi an aurie o approximately 416 square kilometres (161 sq mi).<ref name=99stats>{{Cite web |url=http://www.luxor.gov.eg/population.htm |title=luxor.gov.eg |access-date=2011-01-31 |archive-date=2007-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609233846/http://www.luxor.gov.eg/population.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> As the site o the [[Auncient Egyp]]tian ceety o [[Thebes, Egyp|Thebes]], Luxor haes frequently been characterized as the "warld's greatest open air museum", as the ruins o the temple complexes at [[Karnak]] an [[Luxor Temple|Luxor]] stand athin the modren ceety. Immediately opposite, athort the [[River Nile]], lie the monuments, temples an tombs on the Wast Bank [[Theban Necropolis|Necropolis]], which include the [[Valley o the Keengs]] an [[Valley o the Queens]]. Thoosans o internaitional tourists arrive annually tae visit these monuments, contributin a muckle pairt towards the economy for the modren ceety. ==Internaitional relations== {{See an aa|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Egyp}} ===Twin touns — Sister ceeties=== Luxor is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi: * {{Flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Kazanlak]], [[Bulgarie]] * {{Flagicon|United States}} [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], [[Unitit States]] * {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Parintins]], [[Brazil]] ==Gallery== <gallery> File:Egypt.Luxor.Nile.01.jpg|Hot-air ballooning ower the wast bank File:Touristenbazar in Luxor (1995, 880x625).jpg|Street mercat in Luxor File:Egypt.LuxorTemple.02.jpg|Pharaonic statue in [[Luxor Temple]] File:Egypt.LuxorTemple.River.01.jpg|Panoramic view o Luxor </gallery> ==References== {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{#invoke:coordinates|coord|display=title}} [[Category:Govrenorate caipitals in Egyp]] [[Category:Airchaeological steids in Egyp]] [[Category:Luxor]] [[Category:Tourism in Egyp]] [[Category:Populatit places in Egyp]] {{Stub/Egyp}} 9fcmqx7o9rjzwvzmmfapx9hpsu4ui0l 0 15444 918428 885778 2026-06-20T04:28:41Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox municipality <!-- See Template:Infobox municipality for additional fields and descriptions --> | name = Ragunda Municipality | native_name = Ragunda kommun<!-- If different from name --> | native_name_lang = sv<!-- ISO 639-2 code, e.g. "sv" for Swedish. --> | settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Swaden|Municipality]] | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = Ragunda vapen.svg | shield_alt = | image_map = Ragunda Municipality in Jämtland County.png | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = <!-- Sweden --> | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] | subdivision_name = [[Swaden]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Coonties o Swaden|Coonty]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Jämtland Coonty]] | established_title = <!-- Established --> | established_date = | seat_type = [[Caipital ceety|Seat]] | seat = [[Hammarstrand]] | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK --> | area_footnotes = {{Area Swedish municipality|TXT=ref}} | area_total_km2 = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=total|municipality=Ragunda Municipality}} | area_land_km2 = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=land|municipality=Ragunda Municipality}} | area_water_km2 = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=water|municipality=Ragunda Municipality}} | area_water_percent = | area_note = Aurie as o {{Area Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}. | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=ref}} | population_total = {{Population Swedish municipality|municipality=Ragunda Municipality}} | population_as_of = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=date}} | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset1_DST = +2 | blank_name_sec1 = [[Provinces o Swaden|Province]] | blank_info_sec1 = [[Jämtland]] | blank1_name_sec1 = [[Kommunkod|Municipal code]] | blank1_info_sec1 = 2303 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:SE|SE<!--??-->]] | website = [http://www.ragunda.se/engelskversion/welcometoragunda.4.1493102f93cc527677fff2525.html www.ragunda.se]<!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | footnotes = }} '''Ragunda Municipality''' ({{Lang-sv|Ragunda kommun}}) is a [[municipalities o Swaden|municipality]] in [[Jämtland Coonty]] in northren [[Swaden]]. Its [[admeenistrative centre|seat]] is locatit in [[Hammarstrand]]. The present municipality wis formed in 1974, when "auld" Ragunda Municipality wis amalgamatit wi the municipalities o Fors an Stugun. Further amalgamations hae been discussed due tae declinin population, but hae no been carried oot. Ragunda Municipality is kent for being the site o the [[King Chulalongkorn Memorial Building]], which is locatit bi the veelage [[Utanede]]. Designed as a [[Thailand|Thai]] ryal [[pavilion (structure)|pavilion]], the ae ane o its kynd ootside Thailand, it wis raised in 1997 in commemoration o Keeng [[Chulalongkorn]]'s visit there a century earlier. [[Döda Fallet]] (''The deid waterfall'') is an extinct [[whitewater]] [[rapid]] in a [[nature reserve]] an ane o the major tourist attractions o the municipality. ==Localities== There are fower [[urban auries in Swaden|localities]] (or urban auries) in Ragunda Municipality:<ref>[http://www.scb.se/statistik/MI/MI0810/2005A01A/Tatorternami0810tab1en.xls Statistics Sweden as of December 31, 2005]</ref> {|class="wikitable" ! # !! Locality !! Population |- | 1 || '''[[Hammarstrand]]''' || align="right" | 1,061 |- | 2 || [[Stugun]] || align="right" | 627 |- | 3 || [[Västra Bispgården]] || align="right" | 523 |- | 4 || [[Östra Bispgården]] || align="right" | 294 |} <small>The municipal seat in [[emphasis (typography)|bauld]]</small> ==Photo gallery== <gallery> File:Ragunda gamla kyrka.jpg|Ragunda auld kirk File:Chulalongkorns paviljong.jpg|[[King Chulalongkorn Memorial Building]] File:Döda fallet 20061014.jpg|[[Döda Fallet]] file:Vildhussen_staty_hammarstrand.JPG|Statue o vildhussen in Hammarstrand </gallery> ==See also== *[[Borgvattnet]] - The Haunted Vicarage ==References== <references/> ==Freemit airtins== {{Commonscat|Ragunda|Ragunda Municipality}} *[http://www.ragunda.se/engelskversion/welcometoragunda.4.1493102f93cc527677fff2525.html Ragunda Municipality]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121128215251/http://www.ragunda.se/engelskversion/welcometoragunda.4.1493102f93cc527677fff2525.html |date=2012-11-28 }} - Offeecial site {{Jämtland Coonty}} {{Localities in Ragunda Municipality}} [[Category:Municipalities o Jämtland Coonty]] 51flcs21fk2h62wnblsioy3p3lvyg9y 0 15664 918499 917890 2026-06-20T11:29:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Vaduz |image_photo = Vaduz1.png |motto = |image_skyline = Vaduz1.png |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Vaduz |image_flag = Flag of Vaduz Liechtenstein-1.svg |flag_size = 30px |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = LIE Vaduz COA HistLex.svg |shield_size = 100px |image_map = Liechtenstein-Vaduz.svg |mapsize = 150px |map_caption = Vaduz an its exclaves in Liechtenstein |pushpin_map = |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Liechtenstein}} |subdivision_type1 = [[:Category:Veelages of Liechtenstein|Veelages]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Ebenholz]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_type = Monarchy |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 17.3 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 31.12.2009 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |population_total = 5342 |population_density_km2 = 288 |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = CET |utc_offset = +1 |timezone_DST = CEST |utc_offset_DST = +2 |coordinates = {{coord|47.141|N|9.521|E|region:LI-11|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = 455 |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 9490 |area_code = 7001 |website = [http://www.vaduz.li www.vaduz.li] |footnotes = }} '''Vaduz''' ({{IPA-de|faˈduːts}} or {{IPA|[faˈdʊts]}}) is the [[Caipital ceety|caipital]] o the [[principality]] o [[Liechtenstein]] an the seat o the [[Landtag o Liechtenstein|naitional parliament]]. The toun, locatit alang the [[Rhine]], haes aboot 5,100 inhabitants ({{as of|2009|lc=on}}),<ref>Estimate from [https://web.archive.org/web/20120407025145/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gpro&lng=en&des=gamelan&dat=200&geo=-126&srt=pnan&col=aohdqcfbeimg&pt=c&va=&geo=493722953 World Gazetteer] accessed 18 May 2009</ref> maist o whom are [[Roman Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic]]. Its [[Vaduz Cathedral|cathedral]] is the seat o a [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese o Vaduz|Roman Catholic airchbishop]]. While Vaduz is better kent internaitionally, it is no the lairgest toun in the principality: neighbourin [[Schaan]] haes a greater population. == References == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} [[Category:Vaduz| ]] [[Category:Caipitals in Europe]] [[Category:Municipalities o Liechtenstein]] [[Category:Populatit places on the Rhine]] [[Category:Liechtenstein–Swisserland border crossins]] m8oohe7ph8cyh8yg56qzt0htx3yynlv 0 15789 918333 914065 2026-06-19T12:42:30Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918333 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |en_name=Kazan |ru_name=Казань |loc_name1=Казан |loc_lang1=Tatar |image_skyline=KAZ Collage 2015.png |image_caption=Various places in Kazan |coordinates = {{coord|55|47|N|49|10|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=right |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Kazan (Tatarstan) (2004).png |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Kazan.svg |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday=August&nbsp;30 |holiday_ref=<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://kgmu.kcn.ru/english/about_kazan.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-12-19 |archive-date=2009-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208013913/http://kgmu.kcn.ru/english/about_kazan.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |federal_subject=[[Tatarstan]] |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref247">Order #01-02/9</ref> |adm_data_as_of=December 2011 |adm_city_jur=[[ceity o federal subject significance|ceity o republic significance]] o Kazan |adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref247" /> |capital_of=Republic o Tatarstan |capital_of_ref= |adm_ctr_of=ceity o republic significance o Kazan |adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref247" /> |inhabloc_cat=Ceity |inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref247" /> |inhabloc_type=Ceity o republic significance |inhabloc_type_ref=<ref name="Ref247" /> |mun_data_as_of=Januar 2012 |urban_okrug_jur=Kazan Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref894">Law #46-ZRT</ref> |mun_admctr_of=Kazan Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref894" /> |leader_title=Mayor |leader_title_ref=<ref name="Mayor">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110903062131/http://www.metshin.ru/ Official website of the Mayor of Kazan via internet archive]</ref> |leader_name=[[Ilsur Metshin]] |leader_name_ref=<ref name="Mayor" /> |representative_body=[[Kazan Ceity Duma|Ceity Duma]] |representative_body_ref=<ref name="RepBody">Official website of Kazan. [http://www.kzn.ru/gorduma Kazan City Duma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304073318/http://kzn.ru/gorduma |date=2012-03-04 }} {{ru icon}}</ref> |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2= |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=1143535 |pop_2010census_rank=8t |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=1005 |established_title= |established_date<ref name="Foundation">{{Cite journal |last1= Шаймиев |first1=Минтимер Шарипович |last2=Исхаков |first2=Камиль |last3= Хәсәнов |first3=Мансур Х |date=10 September 1999 |script-title= ru:Выступления Президента РТ М. Шаймиева, мэра г.Казани К.Исхакова и президента АН РТ, академика М.Хасанова на торжественном собрании по случаю установления даты основания г.Казани |url= http://www.archive.gov.tatarstan.ru/magazine/go/anonymous/main/?path=mg:/numbers/1999_3_4/01/01_2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Гасырлар авазы/Эхо веков |language=ru |issue=3/4 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111002083224/http://www.archive.gov.tatarstan.ru/magazine/go/anonymous/main/?path=mg%3A%2Fnumbers%2F1999_3_4%2F01%2F01_2%2F |archive-date=2 October 2011 |access-date=17 July 2011}}</ref> |current_cat_date= |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1= |prev_name1_date= |prev_name1_ref= |postal_codes=420xxx |postal_codes_ref=<ref>[http://aboutkazan.com/ Kazan Russia — a thousand-year Russian city]</ref> |dialing_codes=843 |dialing_codes_ref=<ref>[http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=354 Current local time in Kazan]</ref> |website=http://www.kzn.ru/ |website_ref= |commonscat=Kazan |date=April 2010 }} '''Kazan''' ({{lang-ru|Каза́нь}}; {{lang-tt|Казан}}, ''{{lang|tt|Qazan}}'') is the caipital [[types o inhabitit localities in Roushie|ceity]] o the [[Tatarstan|Republic o Tatarstan]], [[Roushie]]. Wi a population o 1,105,000 (2002), it is the [[leet o ceities an touns in Roushie bi population|saxth lairgest]] ceity o Roushie. Kazan lies at the [[confluence]] o the [[Volga]] an [[Kazanka River]]s in European Roushie. In April 2009, the Roushie Patent Office grantit Kazan the richt tae brand itsel as the "Third Caipital" o Roushie. In 2009 it wis chosen as the "sports caipital o Roushie".<ref name="sportcap">[http://kazan.kp.ru/online/news/587131/ Komsomolskaya Pravda: Kazan - sports capital of Russia 14.12.2009]</ref> The [[Kazan Kremlin]] is a [[Warld Heritage Steid]]. == Internaitional relations == === Consulates === Twa consulates general are foond in Kazan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tatar.ru/?DNSID=9d0d8baff3b2c7435a6c5a1324cb77dd&node_id=1261 |title=Offices in Kazan |access-date=2011-02-17 |archive-date=2006-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924214549/http://www.tatar.ru/?DNSID=96525b60e5d8ed29efcd257b3cb3195e&node_id=1261 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{flagicon|Iran}} Consulate-General o [[Iran]]. * {{flagicon|Turkey}} Consulate-General o [[Turkey]]. An aa, there is {{flagicon|Italy}} Italian Visa Center in Kazan.<ref>[http://www.italyvms.ru/it/content/117.htm Visa Management Service. Filiali]</ref> === Twin touns — Sister ceities === {{See an aa|Leet o twin touns an sister ceities in Roushie}} Kazan is [[twin touns an sister ceities|twinned]] wi: * {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Braunschweig]] ([[Germany]]), syne 1988 <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kazan1000.ru/rus/inter/pobrat.htm |title=Visiting card of Kazan city (in Russian) |access-date=2011-02-17 |archive-date=2013-12-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213082817/http://www.kazan1000.ru/rus/inter/pobrat.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{flagicon|USA}} [[College Station, Texas]] ([[USA]]), syne 1990 * {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Eskişehir]] ([[Turkey]]), syne 1990 * {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Balıkesir]] ([[Turkey]]), syne 1990 * {{flagicon|Egypt}} [[Monufia Govrenorate]] ([[Egyp]]), syne 1997 * {{flagicon|Egypt}} [[Qalyubia Govrenorate]] ([[Egyp]]), с 2001 * {{flagicon|India}} [[Hyderabad, Indie]] ([[Indie]]), с 2001 * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Urbino]] ([[Italy]]), syne 2001 * {{flagicon|China}} [[Hangzhou]] ([[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]), syne 2002 * {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Istanbul]] ([[Turkey]]), syne 2002 * {{flagicon|Latvia}} [[Jūrmala]] ([[Latvie]]), syne 2002 * {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Antalya]] ([[Turkey]]), syne 2003 * {{flagicon|Afghanistan}} [[Kabul]] ([[Afghanistan]]) syne 2003 * {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Ulan-Ude]] ([[Republic o Buryatie|Buryatia]], [[Roushie]]) since 2003 * {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Shumen Province]] ([[Bulgarie]]), syne 2003 * {{flagicon|China}} [[Lijiang Ceity|Lijiang]], ([[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]) syne 2006 * {{flagicon|Iran}} [[Tabriz]] ([[Iran]]), syne 2009 * {{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} [[Jeddah]] ([[Saudi Arabie]]), since ? * {{Flagicon|Algeria}} [[Tlemcen]], ([[Algerie]]), syne 2010 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://english.ruvr.ru/2010/11/15/34546802.html |title=Russia’s Kazan becomes Algeria’s Tlemcen twin city |publisher=english.ruvr.ru |accessdate= |archive-date=2010-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118020724/http://english.ruvr.ru/2010/11/15/34546802.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Internaitional organisations membership === * [[Organization o Warld Heritage Ceities]] * [[Unitit Cities an Local Govrenments]] * Twin Ceities Internaitional Association * Historic Ceities Internaitional Association * General Conference o Mayors for Peace Kazan haes an [[Alliance française]] centre. Kazan haes an American Corner.[http://amcorners.ru/ac104/]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110316044445/http://amcorners.ru/ac104/ |date=2011-03-16 }} == References == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{Tatarstan}} [[Category:Kazan| ]] [[Category:Populatit places on the Volga]] [[Category:Populatit places established in the 11t century]] 7jiomvcdf1fi597cww4xxnhtd0tgx1q 0 16141 918377 905266 2026-06-19T21:34:31Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918377 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Prefecture Japan | Name = Miyagi | JapaneseName = 宮城県 | Rōmaji = Miyagi-ken | Symbol = Flag of Miyagi Prefecture.svg | Capital = [[Sendai]] | Region = [[Tōhoku Region|Tōhoku]] | Island = [[Honshu]] | TotalArea = 7,285.16 | AreaRank = 17t | PCWater = 0.3 | PopDate = 1 December 2010 | Population = 2,337,513 | PopRank = 15t | Density = 320.86 | Districts = 10 | Municipalities = 35 | ISOCode = JP-04 | Website = [http://www.pref.miyagi.jp/english/ www.pref.miyagi.jp/<br />english/] | Flower = Miyagi bush clover (''[[Lespedeza]]&nbsp;thunbergii'') | Tree = [[Zelkova serrata|Japanese zelkova<br>(''Zelkova serrata'')]] | Bird = Wild [[guiss]] | Fish = | Map = Map_of_Japan_with_highlight_on_04_Miyagi_prefecture.svg | Governor = [[Yoshihiro Murai]] }} {{nihongo|'''Miyagi Prefectur'''|宮城県|Miyagi-ken}} is a [[Prefecturs o Japan|prefectur]] o [[Japan]] locatit in the [[Tōhoku Region]] on [[Honshu]] island. The caipital is [[Sendai, Miyagi|Sendai]]. == History == Miyagi Prefecture wis umwhile pairt o the province o [[Mutsu Province|Mutsu]]. Mutsu Province, on northren [[Honshu]], wis ane o the last provinces tae be formed as land wis taken fre the indigenous [[Ainu fowk|Ainu]] an became the lairgest as it expandit northward. The auncient caipital wis in modren Miyagi Prefecture. In the third month o seicont year o the ''[[Wadō (era)|Wadō]]'' [[Japanese era names|era]] (709), there wis an uprisin against govrenmental authority in Mutsu Province an in nearbi [[Echigo Province]]. Troops wur promptly dispatched tae subdue the revolt.<ref name="t64">[http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP9&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran#PRA1-PA64,M1 Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon,'' p. 64].</ref> In ''Wadō'' 5 (712), the land o Mutsu Province wis admeenistratively separatit frae the [[Dewa Province]]. [[Empress Gemmei]]'s ''[[Daijō-kan]]'' continued tae organize ither [[cadastral]] chynges in the provincial map o the [[Nara period]], as in the follaein year when [[Mimasaka Province]] wis dividit frae [[Bizen Province]]; [[Hyūga Province]] wis sundered frae [[Osumi Province]]; an [[Tamba Province]] wis severed frae [[Tango Province]].<ref name="t64"/> Durin the [[Sengoku period]] various clans ruled different pairts o the province. The [[Uesugi clan]] haed a castle toun at [[Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima|Wakamatsu]] in the sooth, the [[Nambu clan]] at [[Morioka, Iwate|Morioka]] in the north, an [[Date Masamune]], a close ally o the [[Tokugawa clan|Tokugawa]], established [[Sendai, Miyagi|Sendai]], which is nou the lairgest toun o the [[Tōhoku region]]. In the [[Meiji period]], fower new provinces wur creatit frae pairts o Mutsu: [[Rikuchū Province|Rikuchū]], [[Rikuzen Province|Rikuzen]], [[Iwaki Province|Iwaki]], an [[Iwashiro Province|Iwashiro]]. The aurie that is nou [[Aomori Prefectur]] continued tae be pairt o Mutsu till the [[Abolition o the han seestem]] an the naition-wide conversion tae the prefectural structur o modren Japan. [[Date Masamune]] built a castle at Sendai as his seat tae rule Mutsu. In 1871, Sendai Prefecture wis formed. It wis renamed Miyagi prefecture the follaein year. On 11 Mairch 2011, an [[2011 Sendai yirdquauk an tsunami|8.9 yirdquauk]] an a subsequent major [[tsunami]] hit Miyagi Prefecture, causin major damage tae the aurie.[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12709598] == Geography == [[File:MiyagiMapCurrent.png|thumb|250px|Map o Miyagi Prefecture.]] Miyagi Prefecture is locatit in the central pairt o [[Tōhoku Region|Tōhoku]], facin the [[Paceefic Ocean]], an contains Tōhoku's lairgest ceety, Sendai. There are heich muntains on the wast an alang the northeast coast, but the central plain aroond Sendai is fairly lairge. [[Matsushima]] is kent as ane o the [[Three Views o Japan|three maist scenic views o Japan]], wi a bay full o 260 sma islands covered in pine groves. [[Oshika Peninsula]] projects frae the northren coastline o the prefecture. === Ceeties === Thirteen ceeties are locatit in Miyagi Prefecture: {| | valign="top" | *[[Higashimatsushima, Miyagi|Higashimatsushima]] *[[Ishinomaki, Miyagi|Ishinomaki]] *[[Iwanuma, Miyagi|Iwanuma]] *[[Kakuda, Miyagi|Kakuda]] *[[Kesennuma, Miyagi|Kesennuma]] *[[Kurihara, Miyagi|Kurihara]] *[[Natori, Miyagi|Natori]] | valign="top" | *[[Ōsaki, Miyagi|Ōsaki]] *[[Sendai]] (caipital) *[[Shiogama, Miyagi|Shiogama]] *[[Shiroishi, Miyagi|Shiroishi]] *[[Tagajō, Miyagi|Tagajō]] *[[Tome, Miyagi|Tome]] *[[Tomiya, Miyagi|Tomiya]] |} === Touns an veelages === <!-- template:Miyagi refers to the above header --> These are the touns an veelages in each [[destricts o Japan|destrict]]: {| |valign="top"| *[[Igu Destrict, Miyagi|Igu Destrict]] ::[[Marumori, Miyagi|Marumori]] *[[Kami Destrict, Miyagi|Kami Destrict]] ::[[Kami, Miyagi|Kami]] ::[[Shikama, Miyagi|Shikama]] *[[Katta Destrict, Miyagi|Katta Destrict]] ::[[Shichikashuku, Miyagi|Shichikashuku]] ::[[Zaō, Miyagi|Zaō]] *[[Kurokawa District, Miyagi|Kurokawa Destrict]] ::[[Ōhira, Miyagi|Ōhira]] ::[[Ōsato, Miyagi|Ōsato]] ::[[Taiwa, Miyagi|Taiwa]] |valign="top"| *[[Miyagi Destrict, Miyagi|Miyagi Destrict]] ::[[Matsushima, Miyagi|Matsushima]] ::[[Rifu, Miyagi|Rifu]] ::[[Shichigahama, Miyagi|Shichigahama]] *[[Motoyoshi Destrict, Miyagi|Motoyoshi Destrict]] ::[[Minamisanriku, Miyagi|Minamisanriku]] *[[Oshika Destrict, Miyagi|Oshika Destrict]] ::[[Onagawa, Miyagi|Onagawa]] *[[Shibata Destrict, Miyagi|Shibata Destrict]] ::[[Kawasaki, Miyagi|Kawasaki]] ::[[Murata, Miyagi|Murata]] ::[[Ōgawara, Miyagi|Ōgawara]] ::[[Shibata, Miyagi|Shibata]] |valign="top"| *[[Tōda Destrict, Miyagi|Tōda Destrict]] ::[[Misato, Miyagi|Misato]] ::[[Wakuya, Miyagi|Wakuya]] *[[Watari Destrict, Miyagi|Watari Destrict]] ::[[Watari, Miyagi|Watari]] ::[[Yamamoto, Miyagi|Yamamoto]] |} === Mergers === {{Main|Leet o mergers in Miyagi Prefecture}} === Future mergers === *Baith touns athin Watari Destrict are plannin tae merge an create a new ceety unner the name o Watari. Watari Destrict will dissolve if the ceety is creatit<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.w-y-gap.jp/ |title = カーシェアリングがわかった！ |accessdate = 2008-06-14 |archive-date = 2017-07-10 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170710225857/http://www.w-y-gap.jp/ |url-status = dead }}</ref> == Economy == Although Miyagi haes a guid deal o fishin an agricultur, producin a great deal o rice an livestock, it is dominatit bi the manufacturin industries aroond Sendai, particularly electronics, appliances, an fuid processin. == Sports == The sports teams leetit belaw are based in Miyagi Prefecture. *[[Fitbaa]] **[[Vegalta Sendai]] ([[Sendai Stadium|Yurtec Stadium]], [[Sendai]]) **[[Sony Sendai F.C.]] ([[Tagajō, Miyagi|Tagajō]]) *[[Basebaw]] **[[Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles]] ([[Miyagi Baseball Stadium]], [[Sendai]]) *[[Basketbaw]] **[[Sendai 89ERS]] ([[Sendai Gymnasium]], [[Sendai]]) == Visitor attractions == Sendai wis the [[castle toun]] o the [[daimyo]] [[Date Masamune]]. The remains o [[Sendai Castle]] staund on a hill abuin the ceety. Miyagi Prefecture boasts ane o Japan's three greatest sichts. [[Matsushima]], the pine-clad islands, dot the waters aff the coast o the prefecture. The follaein are an aa notit as attractions: {{col-begin}} {{col-break}} * [[Aoba Castle]] * [[Ichibanchō]] * [[Akiu]] [[Onsen|Hot Spring]] * [[Iwai Point]] * [[Kinkasan|Kinkasan Islet]] * [[Matsushima Bay]] {{col-break}} * [[Naruko, Miyagi|Naruko Hot Spring]] * [[Rikuchu Coast]] * [[Okama Crater Lake]] * [[Zao Botanical Garden]] * [[Zao Hot Spring]] {{col-end}} == References == {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == {{Commonscat|Miyagi prefecture}} *[http://www.pref.miyagi.jp Official Miyagi Prefecture homepage ] {{ja icon}} * [http://www.pref.miyagi.jp/english/index.htm Official Miyagi Prefecture homepage]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303213348/http://www.pref.miyagi.jp/English/index.htm |date=2011-03-03 }} last accessed on March 25, 2007 * [http://www.pref.miyagi.jp/sichouson/gappei/zyoukyou.htm Official information of each merger in Miyagi Prefecture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113130245/http://www.pref.miyagi.jp/sichouson/gappei/zyoukyou.htm |date=2010-01-13 }} last accessed on March 25, 2007 {{Miyagi}} {{Regions an admeenistrative diveesions o Japan}} {{Coord|38|21|N|140|58|E|scale:500000|display=title}} <!--Categories--> [[Category:Miyagi Prefectur| ]] [[Category:Tōhoku region]] [[Category:Prefecturs o Japan]] [[Category:1870s establishments]] <!--Other languages--> 6365v742g53237uyikv3mk1m3ic6anw 0 16145 918467 885340 2026-06-20T08:07:22Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918467 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sirte.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A view frae Sirt, Libie]] '''Sirt''', an' a' '''Surt''' an '''Sirte''' ([[Arabic]]: سرت, {{Audio|Ar-ly-Surt.ogg|pronunciation}}, [[French leid|French]]: Syrte) is a ceety in [[Libie]] an the caipital o the [[Sirte Destrict]]. It is the seat o some important govrenmental institutions (on the naitional level) an birthplace o the Libie leader, [[Muammar Gaddafi]] in 1942. It is on the sooth coast o the [[Gulf o Sidra]] (auncient [[Syrtis Maior]], frae which Sirt's name derives). Sirt lies haufway atween [[Tripoli]] ad [[Benghazi]]. == Unitit Nations Democracy Fund == The [[Unitit Naitions Democracy Fund]] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20110814034335/http://www.un.org/democracyfund/Docs/About_Us/about_us_index.html UNDEF]) wis established bi Secretary-General Kofi Annan in Julie 2005 at the African Union Summit in Sirt as a Unitit Naitions General Trust Fund unner his authority. == Site o Darfur talks == In October 2007, Sirt wis the site o talks aween the [[Sudan]]ese govrenment an certain Darfur rebel groups.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7064684.stm "Sudan calls Darfur truce at talks"], BBC News, 27 October 2007</ref> == Transfer o Libie's caipital == There wur attempts tae move the caipital o Libie tae Sirt durin the tenure o the Libie leader [[Muammar Gaddafi]] as it is the birthplace an residence o the Libian leader. Mony o the meenisterial heidquarters are nou locatit in Sirt, rather than [[Tripoli]], as well as the Palais des Congrès, the lairgest conference hall in North Africae, an the Hospitality Village.<ref>moheet.com (27 March 2010) [http://www.moheet.com/show_files.aspx?fid=358748 "سرت.. قاهرة الغزاة ومحبوبة القذافي"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714110910/http://www.moheet.com/show_files.aspx?fid=358748 |date=2011-07-14 }}</ref> There are an aa strategic reasons. First, Sirt is mair or less in atween [[Tripolitanie]] an [[Cyrenaica]], an Cyrenaica is a region that haes shown plenty o examples o unthirldom towards the govrenment o Tripoli. Next, this wad involve a muive o fowk frae the croudit Tripoli region.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://libyan-td.com/articles/sirte-51.htm |title="Libyan Tourism Directory" |access-date=2011-03-11 |archive-date=2011-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315021727/http://libyan-td.com/articles/sirte-51.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Transport == === 2008 === * [[China Railway Construction Corporation]] wan a $2.6 billion bid in Libie tae build a wast-tae-east coastal railway 352&nbsp;km (219&nbsp;mi) frae [[Al Khums]] tae Sirt an a sooth-tae-wast railway 800&nbsp;km (500&nbsp;mi) lang for iron ore transport frae the soothren ceety [[Sabha (ceety)|Sabha]] tae [[Misrata]].<ref>[http://www.crcc.cn China Railway Construction Corporation website]</ref> == Cultur == [[Al-Tahadi University]] is locatit in Sirt wi 13 local faculties, includin Law an Medicine. == See an aa == * [[Transport in Libie]] * [[Railway stations in Libie]] == References == {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == * [http://maps.msn.com/%282c4glzrpyvxyu2zesflg3nrp%29/map.aspx?lats1=31.2&lons1=16.6&alts1=14&regn1=2 MSN Map]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Commonscat|Sirte}} [[Category:Sirt| ]] [[Category:Tripolitanie]] [[Category:Populatit places in Libie]] [[Category:Populatit coastal places in Libie]] [[Category:Gulf o Sidra]] fqicib0fj1r8cyn7u3joix0xptgciqh 0 16184 918473 915205 2026-06-20T08:49:10Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = St. Louis | official_name = City of St. Louis | settlement_type = [[Unthirlt ceety (Unitit States)|Unthirlt ceety]] | nickname = Rome of the West, STL, Gateway to the West,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globosapiens.net/travel-information/St.+Louis-698.html |title=St. Louis United States – Visiting the Gateway to the West |publisher=Globosapiens.net |accessdate=March 14, 2011}}</ref> Mound City<ref>[http://www.slpl.org/slpl/interests/article240099632.asp St. Louis Public Library on "Mound City"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081001231020/http://www.slpl.org/slpl/interests/article240099632.asp |date=2008-10-01 }}.</ref><ref>[http://www.stltoday.com/blogzone/the-editors-desk/the-editors-desk/2008/05/offended-by-the-lou/ STLtoday.com on "The Lou"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080522094145/http://www.stltoday.com/blogzone/the-editors-desk/the-editors-desk/2008/05/offended-by-the-lou/ |date=2008-05-22 }}.</ref> | image_skyline = StLouisMontage.jpg | image_caption = Frae top left: [[Jewel Box (St. Louis, Missouri)|Forest Park Jewel Box]], [[MetroLink (St. Louis)]] at [[Lambert-St. Louis Internaitional Airport|Lambert - St. Louis Internaitional Airport]], [[Apotheosis of St. Louis]] at the [[Saint Louis Art Museum|St. Louis Art Museum]], [[Gateway Arch]] an the St. Louis skyline, [[Busch Stadium]], an the [[St. Louis Zoo]] | image_flag = Flag of St. Louis, Missouri.svg | image_seal = | image_map = Map of Missouri highlighting Saint Louis City.svg | map_caption = Location in the State o [[Missouri]] | subdivision_type = Kintra | subdivision_type1 = [[Poleetical diveesions o the Unitit States|State]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Leet o coonties in Missouri|Coonty]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Table o Unitit States Metropolitan Statistical Auries|Metro]] | subdivision_name = [[Unitit States]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Missouri]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Unthirlt ceety (Unitit States)|Unthirlt ceety]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Greater St. Louis]] | government_type = [[Mayor–cooncil govrenment]] | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = [[Cara Spencer]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]]) | established_title = Foondit | established_date = 1764 | established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporatit]] | established_date2 = 1822 | area_magnitude = 1 E8 | area_total_km2 = 171.3 | area_total_sq_mi = 66.2 | area_land_km2 = 160.4 | area_land_sq_mi = 61.9 | area_water_km2 = 11.0 | area_water_sq_mi = 4.2 | population_as_of = [[2010 Unitit States Census|2010]] | population_est = 317419 | pop_est_as_of = 2014 | pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="2014 Pop Estimate">{{cite web|title=Population Estimates|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/counties/totals/2014/CO-EST2014-01.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2015-03-27}}</ref> | population_total = 319294 | population_rank = US: [[Leet o Unitit States ceeties bi population|58t]] | population_urban = 2,150,706 (US: [[Leet o Unitit States urban auries|20t]]) | population_metro = 2,810,056 (US: [[Leet o Metropolitan Stateestical Auries|19t]]) | population_blank2_title = [[Combined Statistical Aurie|CSA]] | population_blank2 = 2,905,893 (US: [[Combined Statistical Aurie|19t]]) | population_density_sq_mi = 5,157 | population_demonym = St. Louisan | population_footnotes = <ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/29/29510.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 14, 2013|archive-date=2013-09-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130912001257/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/29/29510.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]] | utc_offset = −6 | timezone_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]] | utc_offset_DST = −5 | postal_code = 63101-63130 | area_code = [[Aurie code 314|314]], [[Aurie code 636|636]] | coordinates = {{coord|38|37|38|N|90|11|52|W|region:US-MO|display=inline,title}} | elevation_ft = 466 | elevation_m = 142 | elevation_footnotes = <ref name="St. Louis Elevation">{{cite web|title=St. Louis City, Missouri – Population Finder – American FactFinder|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=106:3:3712217792123411::NO::P3_FID:765765|date=October 24, 1980|accessdate=December 23, 2008}}</ref> | website = [http://stlouis-mo.gov http://stlouis-mo.gov]| }} '''St. Louis''' ({{pron-en|seɪnt ˈluːɪs}} or {{IPA-en|sænt ˈluː.iː|}}; French: ''Saint-Louis'' or ''St-Louis'', {{IPA-fr|sɛ̃ lwi||Fr-Saint-Louis.oga}}) is an [[independent ceety]]<ref name="MO Counties Quick Facts">[http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/maps/missouri_map.html Missouri QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130702131713/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/maps/missouri_map.html |date=2013-07-02 }}.</ref> an the seicont-lairgest ceety in the U.S. state o [[Missouri]]. In [[2010 Unitit States Census|2010]], St. Louis haed a population o 319,294; a 2013 estimate put the population at 318,416,<ref name="QF"/> The principal municipality o [[Greater St. Louis]], population 2,892,874, the lairgest urban aurie in Missouri, the 4t lairgest urban aurie in the [[Midwast]], an 15t-lairgest in the Unitit States.<ref>[http://www.census.gov/population/estimates/metro_general/2009/CSA-EST2009-alldata.csv Census.gov]{{dead link|date=March 2011}}</ref> ==Sister ceeties== St. Louis haes 16 [[sister ceeties]].<ref name="St. Louis Twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldtradecenter-stl.com/sisterCities/indexSC.asp|title=St. Louis Sister Cities|publisher=St. Louis Center for International Relations|accessdate=March 20, 2011|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215214113/http://www.worldtradecenter-stl.com/sisterCities/indexSC.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{div col||30em}} * {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Bologna]], Italy * {{flagicon|IDN}} [[Bogor]], Indonesie * {{flagicon|BIH}} [[Brčko (ceety)|Brčko]], Bosnie an Herzegovinae * {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Donegal]], [[County Donegal]], Ireland * {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Galway]], [[County Galway]], Ireland * {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Lyon]], Fraunce * {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Nanjing]], Cheenae * {{flagicon|SEN}} [[Saint-Louis, Senegal|Saint-Louis]], Senegal * {{flagicon|BRA}} [[São Luís, Maranhão]], Brazil * {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Samara, Roushie|Samara]], Roushie * {{flagicon|MEX}} [[San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]], Mexico * {{flagicon|GER}} [[Stuttgart]], Germany<ref name="Stuttgart twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.stuttgart.de/item/show/14673/1|title=Stuttgart Städtepartnerschaften|accessdate=July 27, 2013|work=Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Abteilung Außenbeziehungen|language=German|archive-date=2019-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406232539/https://www.stuttgart.de/item/show/14673/1|url-status=dead}}</ref> * {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Suwa, Nagano|Suwa]], Japan * {{flagicon|POL}} [[Szczecin]], Poland<ref name="Szczecin twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://bip.um.szczecin.pl/UMSzczecinBIP/chapter_11296.asp|title=Kontakty partnerskie Miasta Szczecin|accessdate=July 29, 2013|work=Urząd Miasta Szczecin|language=Polish|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120818001351/http://bip.um.szczecin.pl/umszczecinbip/chapter_11296.asp|archivedate=2012-08-18|url-status=live}}</ref> * {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Wuhan]], Cheenae * {{flagicon|ISR}} [[Yokneam]], Israel {{div col end}} Wi informal relations wi {{flagicon|PHL}} [[Tuguegarao]], Philippines. ==References== {{reflist}} {{commonscat}} [[Category:St. Louis| ]] [[Category:Ceeties in Missouri]] [[Category:Communities on U.S. Route 66]] [[Category:Greater St. Louis]] [[Category:Host ceeties o the Simmer Olympic Gemmes]] [[Category:Independent ceeties in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1764]] [[Category:Populatit places in Missouri wi African American majority populations]] [[Category:Populatit places on the Mississippi River]] d1ewh1f2ulcfsrzbi6irhhp6eqr7wod 0 16416 918394 819957 2026-06-19T22:49:32Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = City of Newark |settlement_type = [[Ceety (New Jersey)|Ceety]] |nickname = The Brick City, The Gateway City |motto = <!-- Images --> |image_skyline = Newark, New Jersey at night.jpg |imagesize = 280px |image_caption = |image_flag = NewarkNJ flag.jpg |image_seal = <!-- Maps --> |image_map = Newark_nj_013.png |mapsize = 250x200px |map_caption = Map of Newark in Essex County. Inset: Location of Essex County highlighted in the State of New Jersey. |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = 250x200px |map_caption1 = <!-- Location --> |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = [[Unitit States]] |subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] |subdivision_name1 = [[New Jersey]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Leet o coonties in New Jersey|Coonty]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Essex Coonty, New Jersey|Essex]] |government_type = [[Faulkner Act (Mayor-Cooncil)]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = [[Cory Booker]] |leader_party = [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]] |established_title = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporatit]] |established_date = 31 October 1693 (as tounship) |established_title1 = Incorporated |established_date1 = 11 Aprile 1836 (as ceety) <!-- Area --> |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = <ref name=CensusArea>[http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_cousubs_34.txt Gazetteer of New Jersey Places], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 14, 2012.</ref> |area_total_km2 = 67.617 |area_land_km2 = 62.644 |area_water_km2 = 4.973 |area_total_sq_mi = 26.107 |area_land_sq_mi = 24.187 |area_water_sq_mi = 1.920 |area_water_percent = 7.35 <!-- Population --> |population_as_of = [[2010 Unitit States Census|2010 Census]] |population_note = |population_footnotes = <ref name=Census2010>[http://factfinder2.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0600000US3401351000 DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Newark city, Essex County, New Jersey], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed Februar 14, 2012.</ref><ref name=LWD2010>[http://lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/lpa/census/2010/dp/dp1_ess/newark1.pdf Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Newark city] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506173006/http://lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/lpa/census/2010/dp/dp1_ess/newark1.pdf |date=2012-05-06 }}, [[New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development]]. Accessed Februar 14, 2012.</ref><ref name=Census2010XLS>[http://lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/lpa/census/2010/2010data/nj_tab1.xls The Counties and Most Populous Cities and Townships in 2010 in New Jersey: 2000 and 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113013436/http://lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/lpa/census/2010/2010data/nj_tab1.xls |date=2016-01-13 }}, [[New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development]]. Accessed Mey 12, 2017.</ref> ([[Leet o Unitit States ceeties bi population|67t]]) |population_total = 277,140 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = 4,424.1 |population_density_sq_mi = 11,458.3 |population_blank2_title = [[Demonym]] |population_blank2 = Newarker <!-- General information --> |timezone = [[Eastren Time Zone|Eastren (EST)]] |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = EDT |utc_offset_DST = -4 |elevation_m = 4 |elevation_ft = 13 |elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{Gnis|885317|City of Newark}}, [[Geographic Names Information System]]. Accessed February 14, 2012.</ref> |coordinates = {{coord|40.72422|-74.172574|region:US-NJ|display=inline}} |postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s |postal_code = 07101-07108, 07112, 07114<ref>[http://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupResultsAction!input.action?resultMode=0&companyName=&city=Newark&state=NJ ZIP codes for Newark, New Jersey], [[United States Postal Service]]. Accessed February 14, 2012.</ref> |area_code = [[Aurie codes 862 an 973|862/973]] |blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |blank_info = 34-51000{{GR|2}}<ref>[http://mcdc2.missouri.edu/webrepts/commoncodes/ccc_nj.html A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121128193249/http://mcdc2.missouri.edu/webrepts/commoncodes/ccc_nj.html |date=2012-11-28 }}, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed May 15, 2012.</ref> |blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |blank1_info = 0885317{{GR|3}}<ref name=CensusArea/> |website = http://www.ci.newark.nj.us/ |footnotes = }} '''Newark''' is the lairgest [[Ceety (New Jersey)|ceety]] in [[New Jersey]], [[Unitit States]], an the [[coonty seat]] o [[Essex Coonty, New Jersey|Essex Coonty]]. Newark haes a population o 278,154,<ref name=CensusEst>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=ChangeGeoContext&geo_id=16000US3451000&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US34%7C05000US34037%7C06000US3403737440&_street=&_county=newark&_cityTown=newark&_state=04000US34&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&_submenuId=population_0&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null%3Anull&_keyword=&_industry=Census data for Newark city] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105035221/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=ChangeGeoContext&geo_id=16000US3451000&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US34%7C05000US34037%7C06000US3403737440&_street=&_county=newark&_cityTown=newark&_state=04000US34&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&_submenuId=population_0&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null%3Anull&_keyword=&_industry=Census |date=2009-01-05 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Retrieved August 27, 2009.</ref> makin it [[Leet o Municipalities in New Jersey (bi population)|the lairgest municipality in New Jersey]] an the 68t lairgest ceety in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biggestuscities.com/ |title=Top 1,000 Nationwide - 2009 Population Data |publisher=Biggest US Cities |date=2010-12-11 |accessdate=2011-03-16}}</ref> Newark is locatit in the hert o New Jersey's [[Gateway Region]]. It is approximately 8 mile (13&nbsp;km) wast o [[Manhattan]] ([[New York Ceety]]). Its location near the [[Atlantic Ocean]] on [[Newark Bay]] haes helped mak its port facility, [[Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal|Port Newark]], the major [[container shippin]] facility for the [[New York metropolitan aurie]] ([[Port of New York and New Jersey]]), an the lairgest on the [[East Coast]]. It is the hame o [[Newark Liberty Internaitional Airport]], ane o the first major airports in the [[Unitit States]], an ane o the busiest the day. Newark is hame tae major corporations sic as [[Prudential Financial]] an [[PSE&G]], an well as several major varsities sic as [[Rutgers University]] an [[New Jersey Institute o Technology]], cultural institutions, an sports venues. This ethnically diverse ceety is dividit intae five wards, an contains a variety o neighborhuids rangin in character frae bustlin urban destricts tae quiet suburban enclaves. == Internaitional relations == === Twin touns - sister ceeties === Newark haes eleiven [[twin touns an sister ceeties|sister ceeties]], as designatit bi [[Sister Cities International]]:<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080101133345/http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/usa/NJ Online Directory: New Jersey, USA], [[Sister Cities International]], backed up bi [[Internet Archive]] as o 1 Januar 2008. Retrieved October 25, 2008.</ref> * {{flagicon|the Bahamas}} '''[[Freeport, Bahamas|Freeport]]''', [[The Bahamas|Bahamas]] * {{flagicon|Cameroon}} '''[[Douala]]''', [[Cameroon]] * {{flagicon|China}} '''[[Xuzhou]]''', [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]] * {{flagicon|Portugal}} '''[[Aveiro, Portugal|Aveiro]]''', [[Portugal]] * {{flagicon|Brazil}} '''[[Belo Horizonte]]''', [[Brazil]] * {{flagicon|The Gambia}} '''[[Banjul]]''', [[The Gambie|Gambie]] * {{flagicon|Ghana}} '''[[Kumasi]]''', [[Ghana]] * {{flagicon|Brazil}} '''[[Porto Alegre]]''', [[Brazil]] * {{flagicon|Liberia}} '''[[Monrovia]]''', [[Liberie]] * {{flagicon|Azerbaijan}} '''[[Ganja, Azerbaijan|Ganja]]''', [[Azerbaijan]] * {{flagicon|Brazil}} '''[[Rio de Janeiro]]''', [[Brazil]] == References == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} [[Category:Ceeties in New Jersey]] [[Category:Coonty seats in New Jersey]] [[Category:Early American industrial centres]] [[Category:Faulkner Act (mayor–cooncil)]] [[Category:Umwhile tounships in New Jersey]] [[Category:New Jersey Urban Enterprise Zones]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1693]] [[Category:Populatit places in New Jersey wi African American majority populations]] [[Category:Populatit places in Essex Coonty, New Jersey]] [[Category:Port ceeties an touns o the Unitit States Atlantic coast]] q0amj1s30bvj7wermlvs8iupvyljxtl 0 16459 918352 885880 2026-06-19T14:30:44Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918352 wikitext text/x-wiki This a leet o the 100 mucklest populatit places in [[Libie]]. Some places in the leet coud be considered suburbs or neighborhuids o some muckle ceeties in the leet, so this leet is no definitive. [[Image:Ly-map.png|thumb|250px|Map o Libie]] [[File:Tripoli Panorama.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Tripoli]], Caipital o [[Libie]]]] [[File:Old town sight.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Benghazi]]]] [[File:Misurata (Libia) - fontana.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Misrata]]]] [[File:Derna Coast.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Darnah, Libie|Darnah]]]] [[File:Tobruk Night View.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Tobruk]]]] [[File:Sirte2.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Sirt]]]] [[File:Ghadames Mosque.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Ghadames]]]] {| class="wikitable" border="2" ! No. !Ceety ! Population<br/>(2006) |- |1 |[[Tripoli]] | align="center"| 1,228,187 |- |2 |[[Benghazi]] |align="center"| 670,797 |- |3 |[[Misrata]] |align="center" | 507,069 |- |4 |[[Az Zawiyah]] |align="center" | 318,726 |- |5 |[[Sabha, Libie|Sabha]] |align="center" | 250,404 |- |6 |[[Ajdabiya]] |align="center" | 108,771 |- |7 |[[Al Khums]] |align="center" | 103,743 |- |8 |[[Al Bayda, Libie|Al Bayda]] |align="center" | 99,208 |- |9 |[[Darnah, Libie|Darnah]] |align="center" | 88,317 |- |10 |[[Tobruk]] |align="center" | 75,893 |- |11 |[[Bani Walid]] |align="center" |68,940 |- |12 |[[Zliten]] |align="center" | 67,820 |- |13 |[[Al Marj]] |align="center" | 62,894 |- |14 |[[Tajura]] |align="center" | 60,681 |- |15 |[[Tarhuna]] |align="center" |50,715 |- |16 |[[Sirt]] |align="center" | 48,504 |- |17 |[[Gharyan]] |align="center" | 46,455 |- |18 |[[Msallata]] |align="center" | 46,169 |- |19 |[[Kufra]] |align="center" | 43,504 |- |20 |[[Al Jmail]] |align="center" | 39,344 |- |21 |[[Al Karama, Libie|Al Karama]] |align="center" | 37,987 |- |22 |[[Sorman]] |align="center" | 36,707 |- |23 |[[Al Uruba]] |align="center" |33,194 |- |24 |[[Al Gseibat]] |align="center" |32,559 |- |25 |[[Shahhat]] |align="center" | 28,818 |- |26 |[[Ubari]] |align="center" | 27,796 |- |27 |[[Al Asab'a]] |align="center" | 27,693 |- |28 |[[Zuwarah]] |align="center" |27,562 |- |29 |[[Al Jadid, Libie|Al Jadid]] |align="center" | 27,503 |- |30 |[[Al Allaghia]] |align="center" | 26,813 |- |31 |[[Abyar, Libie|Al Abyar]] |align="center" |26,600 |- |32 |[[Shatt an Nofliyeen]] |align="center" | 25,997 |- |33 |[[Regdalin]] |align="center" |25,831 |- |34 |[[Gasr Akhyar]] |align="center" |25,261 |- |35 |[[Al Qubah]] |align="center" | 24,631 |- |36 |[[Taworgha]] |align="center" |24,223 |- |37 |[[Al Maya]] |align="center" |23,222 |- |38 |[[Murzuk]] |align="center" | 22,395 |- |39 |[[Mersa Brega Seaport|Mersa Brega]] |align="center" |21,715 |- |40 |[[Teghsat]] |align="center" | 21,642 |- |41 |[[Houn]] |align="center" | 19,816 |- |42 |[[Jalu]] |align="center" | 18,873 |- |43 |[[Sabratha]] |align="center" | 18,584 |- |44 |[[Al Ujeilat]] |align="center" | 18,277 |- |45 |[[Nalut]] |align="center" | 17,146 |- |46 |[[Suluq]] |align="center" | 16,999 |- |47 |[[Shuhada' al Buerat]] |align="center" | 16,282 |- |48 |[[Zaltan]] |align="center" | 15,801 |- |49 |[[Mizdah]] |align="center" | 13,809 |- |50 |[[Waddan, Libie|Waddan]] |align="center" | 13,302 |- |51 |[[Ra's Lanuf]] |align="center" | 13,130 |- |52 |[[Al Urban]] |align="center" | 12,600 |- |53 |[[Yifrin]] |align="center" | 12,372 |- |54 |[[Ar Rayaniya]] |align="center" | 12,263 |- |55 |[[Umm ar Rizam]] |align="center" | 12,098 |- |56 |[[Taucheira|Tocra]] |align="center" | 11,723 |- |57 |[[Brak, Libie|Brak]] |align="center" | 11,638 |- |58 |[[Abu Ghlasha]] |align="center" | 11,179 |- |59 |[[Ad Dawoon]] | align="center" | 10,909 |- |60 |[[Teji]] |align="center" | 10,828 |- |61 |[[Qaminis]] |align="center" | 10,713 |- |62 |[[Al Gatrun]] |align="center" | 10,650 |- |63 |[[Benina]] |align="center" | 10,522 |- |64 |[[Kikla]] |align="center" | 10,350 |- |65 |[[Ar Rheibat]] |align="center" | 10,080 |- |66 |[[Socna]] |align="center" | 9,887 |- |67 |[[Massah, Libie|Massah]] |align="center" | 9,748 |- |68 |[[Ben Jawad]] |align="center" | 9,675 |- |69 |[[Umm al Aranib]] |align="center" | 9,655 |- |70 |[[Jadu]] |align="center" | 9,653 |- |71 |[[Ghadames]] |align="center" | 9,558 |- |72 |[[Ar Rabta]] |align="center" | 9,487 |- |73 |[[Sidi Khalifa]] |align="center" | 9,368 |- |74 |[[Ghat, Libie|Ghat]] | align="center" | 9,228 |- |75 |[[Al Abraq]] |align="center" | 8,861 |- |76 |[[Sidi as Said]] |align="center" | 8,836 |- |77 |[[Ar Rajban]] |align="center" | 8,820 |- |78 |[[Awjilah, Libie|Awjilah]] |align="center" | 8,515 |- |79 |[[Ras al Hamam]] |align="center" | 8,397 |- |80 |[[Tolmeitha]] |align="center" | 8,310 |- |81 |[[Zallah]] |align="center" | 8,202 |- |82 |[[Wadi Utba]] |align="center" | 8,178 |- |83 |[[Al Barkat]] |align="center" | 8,130 |- |84 |[[Martuba]] |align="center" | 8,130 |- |85 |[[Traghen]] |align="center" | 7,510 |- |86 |[[Al Hashan]] |align="center" | 7,494 |- |87 |[[El Bayada]] |align="center" | 7,432 |- |88 |[[El Gaigab]] |align="center" | 7,297 |- |89 |[[Al Mashashiya]] |align="center" | 7,255 |- |90 |[[Bu Fakhra]] |align="center" | 7,142 |- |91 |[[Musaid]] |align="center" | 7,139 |- |92 |[[Tacnis]] |align="center" | 7,038 |- |93 |[[Susah, Libie|Susah]] |align="center" | 7,038 |- |94 |[[Wadi Zem-Zem]] |align="center" | 6,799 |- |95 |[[Batta, Libie|Batta]] |align="center" | 6,754 |- |96 |[[Tazerbo]] |align="center" | 6,600 |- |97 |[[Gasr Al Jadid]] |align="center" | 6,598 |- |98 |[[Farzougha]] |align="center" | 6,564 |- |99 |[[Qaryat `Umar al Mukhtar]] |align="center" | 6,521 |- |100 |[[Bir el Ashhab]] |align="center" | 6,399 |} ''Source:Amraja M. el Khajkhaj, "Noumou al Mudon as Sagheera fi Libia", Dar as Saqia, Benghazi-2008, pp. 118-123.'' ==Freemit airtins== [https://web.archive.org/web/20120523182347/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-133&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&men=gcis&lng=en Libya: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population] {{Libya topics}} {{Africa topic|List of cities in}} {{List of cities in the Middle East}} {{Commonscat|Libya}} <!--Categories--> [[Category:Populatit places in Libie| ]] [[Category:Leets o ceeties bi kintra|Libie, Leet o ceeties in]] [[Category:Leets o ceeties in Africae|Libie]] [[Category:Libie-relatit leets|Ceeties]] <!--Other languages--> ef6yslof6vw3bmh0odp2u748ienwvhj 0 16972 918500 885922 2026-06-20T11:37:35Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Finnish municipality |name = Vantaa |official_name = {{lang|fi|Vantaan kaupunki}}<br />{{lang|sv|Vanda stad}} |native_name = {{lang|fi|Vantaa}} – {{lang|sv|Vanda}} |nickname = |settlement_type = Ceety |motto = |image_skyline = Kielotorni4.JPG |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = Vantaa.vaakuna.svg |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = Vantaa.sijainti.suomi.2009.svg |mapsize = |map_caption = Location o Vantaa in Finland |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = <!-- name of a location map as per Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |region = [[Uusimaa]] |subregion = [[Greater Helsinki]] |leader_title = [[Ceety manager]] |leader_name = [[Kari Nenonen]] |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |established_title = [[Chairter]] |established_date = 1351 |established_title2 = Ceety |established_date2 = 1974 |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |extinct_title = |extinct_date = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_km2 = |population_metro = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_note = |finnish_official = |swedish_official = 1 |sami_official = |urbanisation = |unemployment = 7.8 |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |blank2_name = |blank2_info = |blank3_name = |blank3_info = |blank4_name = |blank4_info = |coordinates_type = |coordinates = {{coord|60|17|40|N|025|02|25|E|display=inline,title}} |latNS= N |longEW= E |elevation_m = |postal_code = |website = [http://www.vantaa.fi/ www.vantaa.fi] |footnotes = }} '''Vantaa''' ({{IPA-fi|ˈʋɑntɑː}}; {{lang-sv|'''Vanda'''}}) is a [[Leet o ceeties an touns in Finland|ceety]] an [[Municipalities o Finland|municipality]] in [[Finland]]. [[Helsinki]], Vantaa, [[Espoo]], an [[Kauniainen]] mak up the [[Greater Helsinki]] aurie. Vantaa, wi its population o 200,410 (31 Januar 2011), is the fowert maist muckle ceety o Finland. The biggest airport in Finland, the [[Helsinki-Vantaa Airport]], is locatit thare. It an aa hosts a science centre, [[Heureka]]. The ceety is [[bilingual]], wi a majority (88.6 %) bein [[Finnish leid|Finnish]] an minority (3%) [[Finland Swadish|Swadish]] speakers. Vantaa's residents that speak a native leid ither than Finnish or Swadish staund at 8.4% o the population. ==History== The name ''Vantaa'' wis taken intae uise in 1972 whan the municipality gained [[mercat toun]] richts. The first record o the aurie is as ''Helsinge'' in 1351 whan keeng [[Magnus II o Swaden]] grantit [[salmon]] fishin richts on the river Vantaa tae the [[Estonie|Estonian]] Padise [[monastery]]. The municipality wis ance kent as ''Helsingin maalaiskunta'' "Rural municipality o Helsinki". The rapids o river Vantaa wur kent as ''Helsingfors'', frae which the current Swadish name o Helsinki derives. In 1972, the municipality wis renamed ''Vantaa/Vanda'' an promotit tae a mercat toun (i.e. ''Vantaan kauppala/Vanda köping''), an in 1974, feenally renamed ''Vantaan kaupunki/Vanda stad'' "Ceety o Vantaa". ==Geography== ===Location=== Vantaa encompasses 240.34 square kilometres (92.80 sq mi), o which 1.97 km2 (0.76 sq mi) is watter.<ref name="total_area" /> Population density is 840.75 /km2 (2,177.5 /sq mi). It borders [[Helsinki]], the Finnish caipital, which is tae the sooth an soothwast. Ither neighbourin municipalities are [[Espoo]] tae the wast, [[Nurmijärvi]], [[Kerava]] an [[Tuusula]] tae the north an [[Sipoo]] tae the east. ===Subdiveesion=== {{Main|Destricts o Vantaa}} Vantaa is dividit intae seiven destricts ({{lang-fi|palvelualueet}}, {{lang-sv|storområden}}): [[Myyrmäki]] ''(Myrbacka)'', [[Tikkurila]] ''(Dickursby)'', [[Hakunila]] ''(Håkansböle)'', [[Korso]], [[Koivukylä]] ''(Björkby)'' an [[Aviapolis]]. ==Climate== [[File:Vantaa klimadiagramm.png|left|240px|Climate diagram]]<!--DON'T ADD "thumb" mark please, as image is used as the section text--> {{clear}} ==Demographics== {| class=wikitable |+ '''Demographic evolution''' ! align=left | Year ! align=right | Population |- | align=left | 1805 | align=right | 4 840 |- | align=left | 1865 | align=right | 6 974 |- | align=left | 1880 | align=right | 7 819 |- | align=left | 1890 | align=right | 8 865 |- | align=left | 1900 | align=right | 11 110 |- | align=left | 1910 | align=right | 18 321 |- | align=left | 1920 | align=right | 22 368 |- | align=left | 1930 | align=right | 23 558 |- | align=left | 1940 | align=right | 31 511 |- | align=left | 1950 | align=right | 14 976 |- | align=left | 1960 | align=right | 41 906 |- | align=left | 1970 | align=right | 72 215 |- | align=left | 1980 | align=right | 129 918 |- | align=left | 1990 | align=right | 152 263 |- | align=left | 2000 | align=right | 176 386 |- |align=left | 2007 | align=right | 190 058 |- |align=left | 2010 | align=right | 200 029 |} ==Economy== Companies that hae thair heidquarters in Vantaa (at the [[Helsinki-Vantaa Airport]]) include [[Finnair]], [[Finavia]], [[Air Finland]] an [[Blue1]].<ref>http://www.finavia.fi/about_finavia/contact {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217011959/http://www.finavia.fi/about_finavia/contact |date=2010-02-17 }} Contact Information]." [[Finavia]]. Retrieved on 15 February 2010.</ref><ref>"[http://www.airfinland.fi/oy_air_finland_ltd_in_english/ Oy Air Finland Ltd in English]." [[Air Finland]]. Retrieved on 25 February 2010.</ref><ref>"[http://www.blue1.com/Tiedostot/privacypolicy.pdf Privacy Policy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310072751/http://www.blue1.com/Tiedostot/privacypolicy.pdf |date=2012-03-10 }}</ref> ==Internaitional relations== ===Twin touns an sister ceeties=== Vantaa is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi: {| cellpadding="10" |- valign="top" | *[[File:Flag of Norway.svg|23px]] [[Askim]], [[Norawa]] (1951) *[[File:Flag of Germany.svg|23px]] [[Frankfurt (Oder)|Frankfurt an der Oder]], [[Germany]] (1987) *[[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|23px]] [[Huddinge Municipality|Huddinge]], [[Swaden]] (1951) *[[File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|23px]] [[Jinan]], [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|Cheenae]] (2001) *[[File:Flag of Russia.svg|23px]] [[Kineshma]], [[Roushie]] (1969) || *[[File:Flag of Denmark.svg|23px]] [[Kongens Lyngby]], [[Denmark]] (1951) *[[File:Flag of Israel.svg|23px]] [[Matte Yehuda Regional Cooncil]], [[Israel]] (1967) *[[File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|23px]] [[Mladá Boleslav]], [[Czech Republic]] (1978) *[[File:Flag of Greenland.svg|23px]] [[Nuuk]], [[Greenland]] (1965) || *[[File:Flag of Germany.svg|23px]] [[Rastatt (destrict)|Destrict o Rastatt]], [[Germany]] (1968) *[[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|23px]] [[Salgótarján]], [[Hungary]] (1976) *[[File:Flag of Iceland.svg|23px]] [[Seyðisfjörður]], [[Iceland]] (1980) *[[File:Flag of Poland.svg|23px]] [[Słupsk]], [[Poland]] (1987) |} ==Mayors== * [[Lauri Lairala]] 1974–1989 * [[Pirjo Ala-Kapee]] 1989–1997 * [[Erkki Rantala]] 1997–2003 * [[Juhani Paajanen]] 2003- [[File:Vantaa-heureka.jpg|thumb|250px|Science centre [[Heureka]]]] ==Cultur== ===Muisic=== [[Vantaa Chamber Choir]] comes frae Vantaa. Its albums includes fowk sangs an poems frae [[Kalevala]]. [[Ankkarock]] is a rock muisic festival held ivery simmer in [[Korso]] syne 1989. ===Museums=== [[Tikkurila]] is hame o the major [[science centre]] in Finland, [[Heureka]]. In addition thare is the ceety museum next tae the [[Tikkurila railway station|railway station]] in Tikkurila. The museum is hoosed in the auldest station biggin in Finland, designed bi [[Carl Albert Edelfelt]] an completit in 1861. Thare are exhibitions wi various themes on local history. ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commonscat|Vantaa}} *[http://www.vantaa.fi/ City of Vantaa]– Offeecial wabsteid * {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924212503/https://www.vantaa.fi/ |date=2021-09-24 }} *[http://www.heureka.fi/ The Finnish Science Center] *[http://www.helsinki-vantaa.fi/ Helsinki-Vantaa International Airport] *[http://www.vantaa.fi/kaupunginmuseo/ Vantaa Ceety Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927015733/http://www.vantaa.fi/kaupunginmuseo/ |date=2011-09-27 }} *[http://www.helsinki.fi/en/ Helsinki.fi] – Helsinki region in a nutshell {{Uusimaa}} [[Category:Vantaa| ]] [[Category:Ceeties an touns in Finland]] [[Category:Municipalities o Uusimaa]] hfm1s3tpjmtiiz82q2e9ozlbk6e7byf 0 18114 918471 908867 2026-06-20T08:21:17Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots|date=October 2020}} {{Databox}} '''Sohag''' ({{Lang-ar|سوهاج}} {{transl|ar|''Sawhāǧ''}}, [[Sa'idi Arabic]]: {{IPA-ar|suːhaːdʒ||En-us-Sohag.ogg}}, {{IPA-arz|soˈhæːɡ|lang}}), cried ''Sawhāj'', ''Suhag'' an ''Suhaj'' an aa,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gpro&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-69&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=419601169 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-12-16 |archive-date=2012-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515215753/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gpro&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-69&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=419601169 |url-status=dead }}</ref> is a ceety in [[Egyp]] that lies on the wast bank o the [[Nile]]. It haes been the caipital o [[Sohag Govrenorate]] syne 1960. Prior tae that, the caipital wis the ceety o [[Girga]] an the name o the govrenorate wis Girga Govrenorate. It forby includit Esna Govrenorate (nouadays [[Qena Govrenorate]])<ref>{{Cite book|last=Law |first=Gwillim |title=Administrative Subdivisions of Countries: A Comprehensive World Reference, 1900 through 1998 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=4lmOAAAAMAAJ&q=Girga |format=snippet view |accessdate=2010-08-07 |year=1999 |publisher=McFarland |location=Jefferson, NC |isbn=9780786407293 |page=114}}</ref> == Demographics == {| class="wikitable" border="1" style="font-size:90%;width:60%;border:0;text-align:center;line-height:120%;" |- ! style="background:#f5f5f5; width:11%; color:black;" | 1976 ! style="background:#f5f5f5; width:11%; color:black;" | 1986 ! style="background:#f5f5f5; width:11%; color:black;" | 1996 ! style="background:#f5f5f5; width:11%; color:black;" | 2006 ! style="background:#f5f5f5; width:11%; color:black;" | 2010 |- | style="background:#d1e8ff; color:black;" | 101,758 | style="background:#d1e8ff; color:black;" | 132,965 | style="background:#d1e8ff; color:black;" | 170,125 | style="background:#d1e8ff; color:black;" | 189,695 | style="background:#d1e8ff; color:black;" | 209,419 |- | colspan="9" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|Stairtin in 1976: Population o Sohag City<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gpro&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-69&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=419601169 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-12-16 |archive-date=2012-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515215753/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gpro&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-69&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=419601169 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} == Subdiveesions == The ceety o Sohag is informally dividit intae twa diveesions: the East Destrict (Arabic: حى شرق) an the Wast Destrict (Arabic: حي غرب). Amang the maist notable regions o the Wast Destrict are: * Sidi Aref * Al Shahid (Arabic for the Martyr) * Gharb Al-Koubry ("Wast o the Brig" neighborhuid) The East Destrict is considered a mair upscale destrict that includes some o the maist affluent neighborhoods o the ceety includin 15t Street, Al Kashef Street, Jumhuriya Street, The Courts Compound, an The Technical an Agricultural Schools. Some o the maist notable locales o the East Destrict include: * The Courts Compound o Sohag * City Hall o Sohag * [[Sohag University]] * Sohag Teaching Hospital, a member o GOTHI, which is amang the biggest hospitals o the region * Multiple governmental directorates * Mony recreational auries includin The Sohag Stadium as well as mony parks includin Al Zohour (an revitalized pairk locatit in the middle o the Nile River). * Nasr City - the first satellite ceety tae be biggit in the East Destrict. It wis established during the time o the umwhile preses [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]], hence the name Nasr City. == Climate == Sohag is ane o the warmest places in Egyp due tae its place in the east side o [[Sahara]] in North Africae. Sohag is ranked the 5t driest place in [[Egyp]] an the 9t globally. Forby ranked 4t warmest place in [[Egyp]] an 296t globally . {{Weather box |location = Sohag |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 22.0 |Feb high C = 23.8 |Mar high C = 27.5 |Apr high C = 33.6 |May high C = 37.7 |Jun high C = 39.6 |Jul high C = 38.8 |Aug high C = 37.8 |Sep high C = 36.0 |Oct high C = 33.7 |Nov high C = 28.2 |Dec high C = 23.5 |year high C = 31.85 |Jan low C = 7.3 |Feb low C = 8.8 |Mar low C = 11.8 |Apr low C = 16.6 |May low C = 21.1 |Jun low C = 23.1 |Jul low C = 24.1 |Aug low C = 23.1 |Sep low C = 20.6 |Oct low C = 17.8 |Nov low C = 13.0 |Dec low C = 9.2 |year low C = 16.37 |Jan precipitation mm = 0 |Feb precipitation mm = 1 |Mar precipitation mm = 0 |Apr precipitation mm = 0 |May precipitation mm = 0 |Jun precipitation mm = 0 |Jul precipitation mm = 0 |Aug precipitation mm = 0 |Sep precipitation mm = 0 |Oct precipitation mm = 0 |Nov precipitation mm = 0 |Dec precipitation mm = 0 |year precipitation mm = 0.08 |Jan humidity = 57.0 |Feb humidity = 50.0 |Mar humidity = 44.0 |Apr humidity = 36.0 |May humidity = 30.0 |Jun humidity = 31.0 |Jul humidity = 37.0 |Aug humidity = 43.0 |Sep humidity = 45.0 |Oct humidity = 44.0 |Nov humidity = 51.0 |Dec humidity = 56.0 |year humidity = 43.67 |Jan precipitation days = 0 |Feb precipitation days = 0 |Mar precipitation days = 1 |Apr precipitation days = 0 |May precipitation days = 0 |Jun precipitation days = 0 |Jul precipitation days = 0 |Aug precipitation days = 0 |Sep precipitation days = 0 |Oct precipitation days = 0 |Nov precipitation days = 0 |Dec precipitation days = 1 |year precipitation days = 2 |Jan sun = 279 |Feb sun = 251 |Mar sun = 310 |Apr sun = 300 |May sun = 341 |Jun sun = 390 |Jul sun = 403 |Aug sun = 372 |Sep sun = 330 |Oct sun = 310 |Nov sun = 270 |Dec sun = 248 |year sun = 3804 |source 1 = Climate Charts <ref name="weather1">{{Cite web | url=http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/u/UB62397.php | title=Sohag, Egypt: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data | accessdate=September 26, 2009 | publisher=Climate Charts | archive-date=2013-07-29 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729080049/http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/u/UB62397.php | url-status=dead }}</ref> |date = August 2010}} == Transport == Sohag is linked tae [[Giza]] an Northren ceeties throu three main roads: road o [[Asyut]] Wastren Desert, Eastren Desert Road, Rural Road forby connectit tae it throu the train. In Februar 2010 a new [[heich-gate]] linkin the ceety tae the [[Red Sea]] ceety o [[Hurghada]] wis opened facilitatin the ease the muivement atween [[Upper Egyp]] an the [[Red Sea]] coastal region. In Meey 2010, the Egyptian Preses [[Hosni Mubarak]] inauguratit a brand new airport tae serve the ceety cried [[Sohag Internaitional Airport]]. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Ceety ! Distance (km) |- |[[Alexandria]] |692 |- |[[Port Said]] |691 |- |[[Ismailia]] |616 |- |[[Suez]] |605 |- |[[Cairo]] |471 |- |[[Aswan]] |428 |- |[[Luxor]] |205 |- |[[Asyut]] |98 |} == Ceetyscape == [[File:Opera Sq panorama Sohag Egypt.jpg|thumb|center|800px|Opera Square Doun Toun Sohag.]] == Education == Sohag is characterized bi vera lairge nummers o graduates in aw fields. [[Illiteracy]] haes continued tae drop due tae schuils (literacy) for aw ages free o chairge. Thare are mony schuils an colleges in Sohag maist famous:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sohagschools.org/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-07-30 |archive-date=2010-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325143902/http://www.sohagschools.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> '''Primary schuils''': *Al-Nasr schuil *Huda Sharawi schuil *Mulhaqat Al-Mu'allemat schuil '''Middle schuils''': *Ahmad Deifalla schuil *Nabawi Muhandis schuil *Ali Osman Baltak schuil *Tarik Ibn Ziad schuil '''High schuils''': *Sohag Military schuil *Abdelmunim Riad schuil *Asmaa Bint Abi Bakr schuil === University === [[Sohag University]] is a govrenmental varsity in Sohag. It is on the eastren bank o the [[Nile]]. It forby became an independent varsity in 2006. Afore 2006, it wis pairt o anither varsity. Thare are currently ten colleges in Sohag University, as well as futur plans tae foond mair colleges tae better serve the community. Wi mair nor 40,000 unnergraduates it is heichlie ranked in [[Upper Egyp]] in terms o unnergraduates nummers.<ref>http://www.sohag-univ.edu.eg/</ref> == Sports == The maist favourite an popular sport in Sohag is fitbaa. Sohag haes mony fitbaa clubs, amang which anerlie Sohag Fitbaa Club an Sohag Railways FC, Which played in the [[Egyptian Premier League]] EPL for a few saisons ago. [[Egyptian Premier League|EPL]] club [[El Gouna FC]] uised the [[Sohag Stadium]] as a hame grund at times.<ref>http://elgounafc.wordpress.com/grounds-of-egypt/sohaq-estad-nil/</ref> Here is a leet o the major sport clubs in the ceety o Sohag: {|style="margin:0 0 0 1em; background:#ffffff; border:1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center; font-size:95%;" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" |- style="background:#efefef; border-bottom:2px solid gray;" ! Club |- |[[Sohag FC]] </tr> |[[Sohag Railway FC]] </tr> |[[Nil Sohag]] </tr> |[[Shobban Sohag]] </tr> |} == Nearbi attractions == [[File:Osireion.jpg|thumb|upright|Osireion , Abydos]] [[Abydos, Egypt|Abydos]] ane o the maist auncient ceeties o [[Upper Egyp]], an an' a' o the aicht [[Nome (Egyp)|Upper Nome]] o which it wis the caipital ceety. It is forby considered ane o the maist important airchaeological steids o [[Auncient Egyp]], the sacred ceety o Abydos wis the steid o mony auncient temples, includin a [[Umm el-Qa'ab]], a ryal [[necropolis]] whaur early [[pharaohs]] wur entombed. [[Akhmim]] haes several [[mosque]]s an twa [[Coptic Orthodox Kirk o Alexandria|Coptic]] kirks, maintains a weekly mercat, an manufactures [[cotton]] guids, notably the blue shirts an check shawls wi [[silk]] fringes worn bi the poorer classes o [[Egyp]]. [[El-Hawawish]] the auncient [[necropolis]] (cemetery) for the ceety o [[Akhmim]]. [[El-Salamuni]] comprises a rock-cut chapel dedicatit tae the god [[Min (god)|Min]]. [[Meritamen|The Meritamen statue]] in east [[Akhmim]]. [[Beit Khallaf]] Ootside the veelage are twa vera lairge brick [[mastaba]]s frae the [[Third Dynasty]]. [[Athribis (Upper Egypt)|Athribis]] The ceety is the steid o a temple biggit for the goddess [[Repyt]] ([[Triphis]]) bi [[Caesarion|Ptolemy XV Caesarion]] an subsequent Roman Emperors. == See an aa == * [[Upper Egyp]] * [[Sa'idi fowk]] * [[Sa'idi Arabic]] == References == {{Reflist}} == Freemit airtins == {{Commonscat|Sohag}} * {{de icon}} [http://www.wikivoyage.org/de/Sohag Sohag on Wikivoyage] * [http://www.travelgrove.com/travel-guides/Egypt/Sawhaj-Travel-Guide-c553844.html Sohag on Travel grove] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717093528/http://www.travelgrove.com/travel-guides/Egypt/Sawhaj-Travel-Guide-c553844.html |date=2011-07-17 }} {{#invoke:coordinates|coord|display=title}} {{Sa'id / Upper Egyp Main Ceeties}} {{Egyptian Ceeties}} {{EgypLairgestCeeties}} {{Govrenorates caipital o Egyp}} {{Sohag Govrenorate Markazes}} [[Category:Govrenorate caipitals in Egyp]] [[Category:Populatit places in Egyp]] [[Category:Auncient ceeties]] e73voc97u1jmx7fimeg2hd42agyskcq 0 18451 918379 885465 2026-06-19T21:42:02Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918379 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammedia''' ([[Arabic]]: المحمدية, ''Al-Muhammadia'') is a port ceety on the wast coast o [[Morocco]] locatit atween [[Casablanca]] an [[Rabat]] in the region o [[Greater Casablanca]]. It hosts the maist important ile refinery o [[Morocco]], Samir, which mak it the centre o the Moroccan petrol. it haes a population o 188,619 (2004 census). ==Geography== === Location === Mohammédia lies alang the Atlantic Ocean 15 mile (24&nbsp;km) northeast o [[Casablanca]]. It's locatit atween the ootlets o the rivers Oued El-Maleh an Oued Nfifikh an is bordered bi the [[Atlantic Ocean]] tae the north, [[Ben Slimane Province]] tae the east an sooth, an the prefectur o Sidi Bernoussi-Zenata tae the wast. ===Climate=== Mohammédia haes a [[Mediterranean climate]]. The moderatin effect o the Atlantic ocean influences strangly on the ceety climate an maks its winter saft an warm, an its simmer het an ceul. Mohammédia enjoys plenty o sunshine throughoot the year wi measurable precipitation annually. The period o November throu Aprile is mild an rainy wi average heich temperaturs o 63–70&nbsp;°F (17–21&nbsp;°C) an laws o 48–53&nbsp;°F (9–12&nbsp;°C), housomeivver temperaturs can occasionally drop tae aroond 36&nbsp;°F (2&nbsp;°C) in the fore-nuin, or be as heich as 80&nbsp;°F (27&nbsp;°C) for a few days durin winter. The period o Mey throu October is warm tae het an dry wi average heich temperaturs o 72–79&nbsp;°F (22–26&nbsp;°C) an laws o 59–68&nbsp;°F (15–20&nbsp;°C), but temperaturs frequently exceed 90&nbsp;°F (32&nbsp;°C) an occasionally reach 104&nbsp;°F (40&nbsp;°C). Maist rainfaw occurs frae November tae Aprile. The average o precipitation annually is aroond 11.8&nbsp;inches (~300.00mm). Precipitations are generally licht rain showers, but whiles hivy rainfaw an thunderstorms. Snawfaw haes niver occurred in the ceety. {{Weather box |location = Mohammedia |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 17 |Feb high C = 18 |Mar high C = 19 |Apr high C = 20 |May high C = 22 |Jun high C = 24 |Jul high C = 26 |Aug high C = 26 |Sep high C = 26 |Oct high C = 24 |Nov high C = 21 |Dec high C = 18 |Jan low C = 9 |Feb low C = 10 |Mar low C = 11 |Apr low C = 12 |May low C = 15 |Jun low C = 18 |Jul low C = 20 |Aug low C = 20 |Sep low C = 19 |Oct low C = 16 |Nov low C = 13 |Dec low C = 10 |Jan precipitation mm = 46 |Feb precipitation mm = 33 |Mar precipitation mm = 28 |Apr precipitation mm = 23 |May precipitation mm = 9 |Jun precipitation mm = 3 |Jul precipitation mm = 1 |Aug precipitation mm = 1 |Sep precipitation mm = 4 |Oct precipitation mm = 28 |Nov precipitation mm = 53 |Dec precipitation mm = 54 |source 1 = msn Weather <ref name="weather1">{{Cite web| url =http://weather.msn.com/monthly_averages.aspx?wealocations=wc:MOXX0006&q=Mohammedia%2c+MAR+forecast:averagesm| title =Average Conditions Mohammedia, [[Morocco]]| publisher =msn Weather| access-date =2011-08-30| archive-date =2019-12-12| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20191212201132/http://weather.msn.com/monthly_averages.aspx?wealocations=wc:MOXX0006&q=Mohammedia%2c+MAR+forecast:averagesm| url-status =dead}}</ref> |date = August 2010}} ==Demographics== The population o Mohammédia is growin at a fast rate. The ceety, which haed a sma population o anerlie 500 fowk in 1914, is currently the hame o aboot 204,000 fowk. The population o aw the prefectur o Mohammédia is estimatit at 336,000 indwallers wi an average [[population density]] o 12,900 fowk per square mile (5,000.00/km²). Aw fowk o the Moroccan Kinrick are representit in this region. The first indwallers o the ceety wur the [[Zenata]] tribes which anerlie few o them remain, dividit territorially atween Mohammédia an neighborin prefecturs. Anither Arab tribe o [[Mauritanie]], cried Mjedba, setteled atween Fédala an [[Médiouna Province|Mediouna]] three centuries ago an are nou twice as mony as Zenata. {| align="center" rules="all" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" style="border: 1px solid #999; border-right: 2px solid #999; border-bottom:2px solid #999; background: #f3fff3" |+ style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em"| Demographic evolution |-style="background: #ddffdd" ! 1994 !! 2004 !! 2010 |- | align=center | {{formatnum:170063}} || align=center | {{formatnum:188619}} || align=center | {{formatnum:203748}} |- | colspan=6 align=center| <small> 1994, 2004 : offeecial census; 2010 : calcul.</small> |} ==Toun twinnin== * {{Flagicon|Belgium}}'''[[Ghent]]''', [[Belgium]] syne 1982, * {{Flagicon|Libya}} '''[[Az Zawiyah]]''', [[Libie]] syne 2006, * {{Flagicon|France}} '''[[Perpignan]]''', [[Fraunce]] syne 2009, * {{Flagicon|France}} '''[[Belfort]]''', [[Fraunce]] syne 2010, * {{Flagicon|France}} '''[[Dreux]]''' , [[Fraunce]] syne 2010. * {{Flagicon|Russia}} '''[[Noginsk]]''' , [[Roushie]] syne 2010.<ref>http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Journal/Article.asp?idr=112&id=142117l {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929165523/http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Journal/Article.asp?idr=112&id=142117l |date=2011-09-29 }} (french)</ref> * {{Flagicon|China}} '''[[Jiangyin]]''' , [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|Cheenae]] syne 2011.<ref>http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Journal/Article.asp?idr=112&id=147705 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110908103018/http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Journal/Article.asp?idr=112&id=147705 |date=2011-09-08 }} (french)</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Populatit places in Greater Casablanca Region]] [[Category:Prefecturs o Morocco]] 9p3ef98bt08rh33umm3t431p6seodwv 0 18676 918334 900568 2026-06-19T12:57:39Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918334 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Khabarovsk in Russia.svg|thumb|right|250px|Location o Khabarovsk Krai in Roushie]] '''Khabarovsk Krai''' ({{lang-ru|Хаба́ровский край}}, ''Khabarovsky kray'') is a [[federal subjects o Roushie|federal subject]] o [[Roushie]] (a [[krai]]), locatit in the [[Roushie Far East]]. It lies maistly in the [[drainage basin|basin]] o the lawer [[Amur River]], but occupees a vast muntainous area alang the coastline o the [[Okhotsk Sea]], an airm o the [[Paceefic Ocean]]. The [[Caipital ceety|administrative center]] o the krai is the city o [[Khabarovsk]]. The [[indigenous fowk]] o the area are the [[Evenks]], [[Negidals]], [[Ulchs]], [[Nani fowk|Nanai]], [[Oroch]], [[Udege fowk|Udege]], an Amur [[Nivkh fowk|Nivkhs]].<ref>Chaussonnet, p.109</ref> ==History== ===5t century-900=== Accordin tae various Cheenese an Korean records, the soothren pairt o Khabarovsk Krai wis oreeginally occupee'd ane o the five semi-nomadic [[Shiwei]], the Bo Shiwei tribes an the [[Heishui Mohe|Black Watter Mohe]] tribes livin respectively on the wast an the east o the Bureinsky an the [[Malyi Khingan]] ranges. ===17t century-1850=== In 1643, [[Vassili Poyarkov]]'s boats descendit the [[Amur River|Amur]], returnin tae [[Yakutsk]] bi the [[Sea o Okhotsk]] an the [[Aldan River]], an in 1649–1650 [[Yerofey Khabarov]] occupied the banks o the Amur. The resistance o the [[Cheenese fowk|Cheenese]], housomeivver, obliged the [[Cossacks]] tae quit thair forts, an bi the [[Treaty o Nerchinsk]] (1689) [[Roushie]] abandoned her advance intae the basin o the river. Awtho losin the richts tae navigate the Amur River, the Cheenese [[Qing Dynasty]], housomeivver, niver claimed the lawer courses o the river. [[Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky|Nikolay Muravyov]] insistit on conductin an aggressive policy wi Cheenae bi claimin that the lawer reaches o the Amur River belang tae the [[Roushie fowk|Roushies]]. Later in 1852, a Roushie military expedeetion unner Muravyov explored the Amur, an bi 1857 a chain o Roushie Cossacks an peasants wur settled alang the whole course o the river. The accomplished fact wis recognised bi Cheenae in 1858 bi the [[Treaty o Aigun]], recognised the Amur River as the bundary atween Roushie an Qing Empire, an grantit Roushie free access tae the Paceefic Ocean. ==Geography== Khabarovsk Krai shares its borders wi [[Magadan Oblast]] in the north, wi the [[Sakha Republic]] an [[Amur Oblast]] in the wast, wi the [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast]], [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]], an [[Primorsky Krai]] in the sooth, an is leemitit bi the [[Sea o Okhotsk]] in the east. It is the fowert-lairgest federal destrict athin the Roushie Federation, wi a comparative land area slichtly lairger than that o the [[U.S.]] state o [[Texas]]. [[Taiga]] an [[tundra]] in the north, swampy forest in the central depression, an deciduous forest in the sooth are the naitural vegetation in the area. ==Economy== Khabarovsky Krai is the maist industrialized territory o the Far East o Roushie, producin 30% o the tot industrial products in the Far Eastren Economic Region. The machine construction industry consists primarily o a heichlie developed military-industrial complex o lairge scale aircraft an ship biggin enterprises.<ref name="globalsecurity">http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/knaapo.htm</ref> The [[Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association]] is currently ane o amang Khabarovsk Krai's maist successfu enterprises, an for years haes been the lairgest taxpayer o the territory.<ref name="globalsecurity"/> Ither major industries include timberwirkin an [[fishin]], alang wi [[metallurgy]] in the main ceeties, awtho the krai's awn [[mineral]] resoorces are poorly developed. [[Komsomolsk-on-Amur]] is the iron an steel centre o the Far East; a [[Pipeline transport|pipeline]] frae northren [[Sakhalin]] supplees the petroleum-refinin industry in the ceety o [[Khabarovsk]]. In the Amur basin, thare is some cultivation o [[wheat]] an [[soybean]]s. The caipital ceety, Khabarovsk, is at the junction o the Amur River an the [[Trans-Siberian railway]]. ==Admeenistrative diveesions== {{Main|Admeenistrative diveesions o Khabarovsk Krai}} ==Demographics== [[File:Khabarovsk Lenin Square.jpg|thumb|right|350px|[[Khabarovsk]]]] Accordin tae the 2002 Census, 89.8% o the population are [[Roushie fowk|Roushies]], 3.4% [[Ukrainian fowk|Ukrainians]], 0.77% [[Nani fowk|Nanai]]s, 0.76% [[Tatars]] 0.66% [[Koreans]] an 0.62% [[Belaroushies]]. In addition tae the Nanai, ither indigenous groups include the [[Evenks]] an [[Evens]] in the northren pairt o the province, an [[Ulchs]] in the lawer Amur river ([[Ulchsky Destrict]]). Some [[Nivkh fowk|Nivkhs]] (Gilyak), an indigenous fishin fowk speakin an [[isolate leid]], live aroond the Amur [[river delta]] as well. Smawer groups indigenous tae the airt are [[Negidals]] (567), [[Orochs]] (686), an [[Udege]] (1,657) accordin tae the 2002 census. *Births (2009): 17,573 (12.5 per 1000) *Daiths (2009): 19,115 (13.6 per 1000)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://habstat.gks.ru/digital/region1/OperInfo/Estestvennoe_dvizhenie.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-09-16 |archive-date=2009-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215183643/http://habstat.gks.ru/digital/region1/OperInfo/Estestvennoe_dvizhenie.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> *Urban Births (2009): 13,612 (12.1 per 1000) *Rural Births (2009): 3,961 (14.5 per 1000) *Urban Daiths (2009): 15,472 (13.7 per 1000) *Rural Daiths (2009): 3,643 (13.3 per 1000)<ref name="habstat.gks.ru">{{Cite web |url=http://habstat.gks.ru/digital/region1/OsnPokaz/Demografiia_naselen.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-09-16 |archive-date=2009-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215171917/http://habstat.gks.ru/digital/region1/OsnPokaz/Demografiia_naselen.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Birth rate for 2008 is 5.2% heicher than that in 2007 an daith rate is 1.4% lawer. Birth rate wis recordit at 11.6 for 2007 (11.1 for Urban areas an 13.8 for Rural areas). Daith rate wis 14.2 in 2007 (14.3 for Urban areas an 14.0 for Rural areas). Rural locations o Khabarovsk Krai haed a positive naitural growthe o population in 2008 (For the first time in the last 16 year).<ref name="habstat.gks.ru"/> ==Education== Thare are the follaein institutions o heicher eddication in Khabarovsk Krai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://adm.khv.ru/invest2.nsf/edd578ced75448e2ca256524001a00c2/6ea7ef189fc9473fca25665100159738?OpenDocument |title=The Institutions of Higher Education in Khabarovsk Krai |access-date=2011-09-16 |archive-date=2005-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051228031353/http://www.adm.khv.ru/invest2.nsf/edd578ced75448e2ca256524001a00c2/6ea7ef189fc9473fca25665100159738?OpenDocument |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.russia-ukraine-travel.com/khabarovsk-universities.html |title=The Universities in Khabarovsk |access-date=2011-09-16 |archive-date=2016-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326113033/http://www.russia-ukraine-travel.com/khabarovsk-universities.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *Pacific Naitional University *Far Eastren State University o Humanities *Far Eastren State Medical University *Khabarovsk State Academy o Economics an Law *Far Eastren State Transport University *Far Eastren Academy o Govrenment Services *Far Eastren State Pheesical Eddication University *Khabarovsk State Institute o Airts an Cultur *Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Technical University *Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Pedagogical institute ==Sister destricts== *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Gyeongsangnam-do]], [[Republic o Korea]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://english.gsnd.net/default.jsp |title=Gyeongsangnam-do official website English |access-date=2011-09-16 |archive-date=2008-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921110926/http://english.gsnd.net/default.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> *{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Hyogo Prefectur]], [[Japan]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hyogo-kobe.jp/english/area/location/shimai.html |title=Sister cities of the Hyogo Prefecture |access-date=2011-09-16 |archive-date=2007-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071029221759/http://www.hyogo-kobe.jp/english/area/location/shimai.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Notes== {{Reflist|2}} ==References== *{{Cite Russian law |ru_entity=Хабаровская краевая Дума |ru_number=150 |ru_date=30 ноября 1995 г. |ru_title=Устав Хабаровского края |ru_amendment_type=Закона |ru_amendment_number=202 |ru_amendment_date=30 июля 2008 г |en_entity=Khabarovsk Krai Duma |en_number=150 |en_date=November 30, 1995 |en_title=Charter of Khabarovsk Krai |en_amendment_type=Law |en_amendment_number=202 |en_amendment_date=July 30, 2008 }} *Chaussonnet, Valerie (1995) ''Native Cultures of Alaska and Siberia''. Arctic Studies Center. Washington, D.C. 112p. ISBN 1560986611 ==Freemit airtins== *{{Commonscat-inline}} *{{en icon}}[https://oa.doria.fi/dspace/bitstream/10024/829/1/historic.pdf Informations concernin the Shiwei tribes an their relationship wi the Khitans] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926190143/https://oa.doria.fi/dspace/bitstream/10024/829/1/historic.pdf |date=2007-09-26 }} *{{Ru icon}} [http://hbr.moigorod.ru/info/region/khabarovsk/history.asp Brief history o Khabaovsk Krai]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006055908/http://hbr.moigorod.ru/info/region/khabarovsk/history.asp |date=2011-10-06 }} {{Roushie Far East}} {{Subdiveesions o Roushie}} [[Category:Khabarovsk Krai| ]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1938]] ohh43tgiiaewml6xjdxvhllkw5fpaxd 0 20959 918439 885949 2026-06-20T05:36:35Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}} {{Infobox Roushie federal subject |en_name=Sakha (Yakutia) Republic |ru_name=Республика Саха (Якутия) |loc_name1=Саха Республиката |loc_lang1=Sakha |image_map=Sakha in Russia.svg |coordinates = {{coord|66|24|N|129|10|E|type:adm1st_region:RU|display=inline,title}} |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Sakha (Yakutia).svg |coa_caption=[[Coat o airms o the Sakha Republic]] |image_flag=Flag of Sakha.svg |flag_caption=[[Banner o the Sakha Republic]] |anthem=[[Naitional Anthem o the Sakha Republic]] |anthem_ref |holiday |holiday_ref |political_status=Republic |political_status_link=Republics o Roushie |federal_district=[[Far Eastren Federal Destrict|Far Eastren]] |economic_region=[[Far Eastren economic region|Far Eastren]] |adm_ctr_type=Capital |adm_ctr_name=[[Yakutsk]] |adm_ctr_ref=<ref name=Min2002/> |official_lang_list=[[Sakha leid|Sakha]] |official_lang_ref=<ref name="Languages">Constitution, Article&nbsp;46</ref> |pop_2010census=958291 |pop_2010census_rank=55t |urban_pop_2010census=64.1% |rural_pop_2010census=35.9% |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |pop_2002census=949280 |pop_2002census_rank=58t |urban_pop_2002census=64.3% |rural_pop_2002census=35.7% |pop_2002census_ref=<ref name="PopCensus">{{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}}</ref> |pop_density |pop_density_as_of |pop_density_ref |pop_latest |pop_latest_date |pop_latest_ref |area_km2=3103200 |area_km2_rank=1st |area_km2_ref |established_date=27 Aprile 1922 |established_date_ref=<ref name=Min2002>{{cite book|last=Minahan|first=James|title=Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofst0003mina|year=2002|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|pages=1630ff}}</ref> |license_plates=14 |ISO=RU-SA |gov_as_of=March 2011 |leader_title=[[Preses o the Sakha Republic|President]] |leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis">Constitution, Article&nbsp;53.1</ref> |leader_name=[[Yegor Borisov]] |leader_name_ref=<ref name="President">Offeecial wabsteid o the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. [http://sakha.gov.ru/node/6 Yegor Afanasyevich Borisov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203103717/http://sakha.gov.ru/node/6 |date=2011-12-03 }} {{ru icon}}</ref> |legislature=[[State Assembly of the Sakha Republic|State Assembly (''Il Tumen'')]] |legislature_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis" /> |website=http://www.sakha.gov.ru/ |website_ref |date=August 2010 }} [[File:Sakha Yakutia rep.png|right|thumb|250px]] The '''Sakha (Yakutie) Republic''' ({{lang-rus|Республика Саха (Якутия)|r=Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya)|p=rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə sɐˈxa jɪˈkutʲɪə}}; {{lang-sah|Саха Республиката}}, ''Sakha Respublikata'') is a [[federal subjects o Roushie|federal subject]] o Roushie (a [[republics o Roushie|republic]]). Population: {{ru-census2010|958,291|,}} consistin mainly o ethnic [[Yakuts]] an [[Roushies]]. Comprisin hauf o the [[Far Eastren Federal Destrict]], it is the [[leet o the lairgest kintra subdiveesions bi aurie|lairgest subnaitional govrening body bi aurie]] in the warld at {{convert|3103200|km2|abbr=on}} (juist smawer nor Indie which covers an aurie o 3,287,240&nbsp;km²). It haes a population o fewer nor ane million inhabitants. Its [[caipital ceity|caipital]] is the [[types o inhabitit localities in Roushie|ceity]] o [[Yakutsk]]. == Religion == Afore the arrival o the Roushie Empire, the majority o the local population believed in [[Tengrianism]] common tae Turkic-leid fowk o Central Asie, or in Paleoasie indigenous [[shamanism]] wi baith 'licht' (community leadin) an 'daurk' (healin through spirit journey) shamans. Unner the Roushies, the local population wis convertit tae the [[Roushie Orthodox Kirk]] an required tae tak Orthodox Christian names, but in practice generally continued tae follae traditional releegions. Durin the Soviet era, maist or aw o the shamen dee'd athoot successors. Currently, while Orthodox Christianity maintains a follaein (housomeivver, wi vera few priests willin tae be stationed ootside o Yakutsk), there is interest an activity toward renewin the traditional releegions. As o 2008, Orthodox leaders describit the warld view o the republic's indigenous population (or, rather, those amang the population who are no completely indifferent tae releegion) as ''dvoyeverie'' (dual belief seestem), or a "tendency toward [[syncretism]]", as evidencit bi the locals sometimes first invitin a shaman, an then an Orthodox priest tae carry oot their rites in connection wi some event in their life.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.taday.ru/text/135461.html |title =В Якутии господствует двоеверие (Ч. 1) (Yakutia is dominated by a dual belief system)|author=Елена Дятлова (Yelena Dyatlova) |date=October 1, 2008 |quote=Во многих случаях нам говорили, что при совершении тех или иных обрядов или просто действий приглашают сначала шамана, потом священника. Правда, именно в таком порядке, признавая христианство чем-то высшим по отношению к местной магической языческой традиции, но это соединяя. Даже среди тех представителей якутской интеллигенции, с которыми мы общались, это стремление к синкретизму было отчетливо приметно. }} (An interview with Maxim Kozlov, a Moscow priest who had recently returned from a missionary trip down the Lena along with the Bishop of Yakutsk).</ref> === Religion === Accordin tae the Information Center unner the Preses o Sakha Republic (Информационный центр при Президенте РС(Я)), the releegious demography o the republic wis as follaes:<ref>http://www.religare.ru/2_43720.html</ref> *Orthodoxy: 44.9% *Shamanism: 26.2% *Non-releegious: 23.0% *New Releegious Movements: 2.4% *Islam: 1.2% *Buddhism: 1.0% *Protestantism: 0.9% *Catholicism: 0.4% <!-- ==Tourism== Provide any relevant information on tourism; describe points of interest (may cross-reference sections on Culture and History). --> == Geography == *''Borders'': **''internal'': [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug]] (E), [[Magadan Oblast]] (E/SE), [[Khabarovsk Krai]] (SE), [[Amur Oblast]] (S), [[zabaykalsky Krai]] (S), [[Irkutsk Oblast]] (S/SW), [[Krasnoyarsk Krai]] (W). **''watter'': Airctic Ocean (includin [[Laptev Sea]] an [[Eastren Siberie Sea]]) (N). *''Heichest point'': [[Peak Pobeda, Sakha|Peak Pobeda]] (3,003&nbsp;m), [[Peak Mus-Khaya]] (2959&nbsp;m or 3,011&nbsp;m) *''Maximum N->S distance'': {{convert|2500|km|abbr=on}} *''Maximum E->W distance'': {{convert|2000|km|abbr=on}} <!--*''Average elevation'':--> Sakha stretches tae the [[Henrietta Island]]s in the far north an is washed bi the [[Laptev Sea|Laptev]] an [[Eastren Siberie Sea]]s o the Airctic Ocean. These watters, the cauldest an iciest o aw seas in the northren hemisphere, are covered bi ice for 9–10&nbsp;months o the year. [[New Siberie Islands]] are a pairt o the republic's territory. Efter [[Nunavut]] wis separatit frae Canadae's [[Northwast Territories]], Sakha became the [[leet o the lairgest kintra subdiveesions bi aurie|lairgest subnaitional entity]] ([[statoid]]) in the warld, wi an aurie o {{convert|3103200|km2|sqmi}}, slichtly smawer than the territory o Indie (3.3&nbsp;million km²). Sakha can be dividit intae three great vegetation belts. Aboot 40% o Sakha lees abuin the [[Airctic circle]] an aw o it is covered bi [[permafrost]] which greatly influences the region's ecology an limits forests in the soothren region. Airctic an subairctic [[tundra]] define the middle region, where lichen an moss grow as great green carpets an are favorite pasturs for [[reindeer]]. In the soothren pairt o the tundra belt, scattered staunds o dwarf [[Siberie pine]] an [[larch]] grow alang the rivers. Belaw the tundra is the vast [[taiga]] forest region. Larch trees dominate in the north an staunds o [[fir]] an [[pine tree|pine]] begin tae appear in the sooth. Taiga forests cover aboot 47% o Sakha an amaist 90% o the cover is larch. {{clear}} The Sakha Republic is the steid o [[Pleistocene Pairk]], a project directit at recreatin pleistocene tundra grasslands bi stimulatin the growth o grass wi the introduction o animals which thrivit in the region durin the late [[Pleistocene]]&nbsp;— early [[Holocene]] period. === Time zones === [[File:UTC hue4map RUS-SA 2011-09-01.svg|thumb|right|Detailed map o the three timezones in the Sakha Republic (as o September 2011)]] Sakha spans three different time zones: #[[File:Map of Russia - Yakutsk time zone.svg|left|75px]] [[Yakutsk Time|Yakutsk Time Zone]] (YAKT, [[UTC+10]]). Covers the republic's territory tae the wast o the [[Lena River]] as well as the territories o [[Raion|uluses]] locatit on the baith sides o the Lena River.<div style="clear:left"></div> #[[File:Map of Russia - Vladivostok time zone.svg|left|75px]] [[Vladivostok Time|Vladivostok Time Zone]] (VLAT, [[UTC+11]]). Covers maist o the republic's territory locatit atween 127°E an 140°E [[langitude]].<div style="clear:left"></div> #[[File:Map of Russia - Magadan time zone.svg|left|75px]] [[Magadan Time|Magadan Time Zone]] (MAGT, [[UTC+12]]). Covers maist o the republic's territory locatit east o 140°E longitude.<div style="clear:left"></div> === Rivers === [[File:Amga.jpg|thumb|[[Amga River]]]] Navigable [[Lena River]] (4,310&nbsp;km), as it muives northward, includes hunders o sma [[tributary|tributaries]] locatit in the [[Verkhoyansk Range]]. Ither major rivers include: *[[Vilyuy River]] (2,650&nbsp;km) Lena River tributary *[[Olenyok River]] (2,292&nbsp;km) *[[Aldan River]] (2,273&nbsp;km) Lena River tributary *[[Kolyma River]] (2,129&nbsp;km) *[[Indigirka River]] (1,726&nbsp;km) *[[Alazeya River]] (1,590&nbsp;km) *[[Amga River]] (1,462&nbsp;km) Aldan River tributary *[[Olyokma River]] (1,320&nbsp;km) Lena River tributary *[[Markha River (Russia)|Markha River]] (1,181&nbsp;km) Vilyuy River tributary *[[Tyung River]] (1,092&nbsp;km) Vilyuy River tributary *[[Maya River]] (1,053&nbsp;km) Aldan River tributary *[[Anabar River]] (939&nbsp;km) *[[Yana River]] (872&nbsp;km) *[[Morkoka River]] (812&nbsp;km) Markha River tributary *[[Uchur River]] (812&nbsp;km) Aldan River tributary *[[Linde River]] (804&nbsp;km) Lena River tributary *[[Nyuya River]] (798&nbsp;km) Lena River tributary *[[Selennyakh River]] (796&nbsp;km) Indigirka River tributary === Lakes === There are ower 800,000&nbsp;lakes in the republic.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.sakha.gov.ru/main.asp?c=2305|publisher=Government of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)|title=Archived copy|access-date=2011-12-08|archive-date=2007-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103011518/http://www.sakha.gov.ru/main.asp?c=2305|url-status=dead}}</ref> Major lakes an reservoirs include: *[[Mogotoyevo Lake]] *[[Nedzheli Lake]] *[[Nerpichye Lake]] *[[Vilyuyskoye Reservoir]] === Mountains === Sakha's greatest muntain range, the [[Verkhoyansk Range]], runs across the Lena River, forming a great arc that begins the [[Sea o Okhotsk]] an ends in the Laptev Sea. The [[Chersky Range]] runs east of the Verkhoyansk Range an has the highest peak in Sakha, [[Peak Pobeda, Sakha|Peak Pobeda]] (3,003&nbsp;m). Recent satellite photos, revealed that [[Peak Mus-Khaya]] may in fact be a higher point, reaching 3,011&nbsp;m. The [[Stanovoi Range]] borders Sakha in the south. [[File:Udachnaya pipe.JPG|thumb|[[Udachnaya pipe]]]] === Natural resources === Sakha has a lot of natural materials. The soil contains muckle reserves of [[petroleum|oil]], gas, [[coal]], [[diamond]]s, [[Gowd|gold]], [[siller]], [[tin]], [[tungsten]] an mony ithers. 99% o aw Roushie diamonds are mined in Sakha, accoontin for ower 25% o the warld's diamond production. === Climate === Sakha is kent for its [[climate]] extremes, wi the Verkhoyansk Range being the cauldest aurie in the northren hemisphere. Winters here are extremely cauld. Some o the lawest natural temperaturs iver recordit hae been here. The [[Northren Hemisphere]]'s [[Pole o Cauld]] is at [[Verkhoyansk]], whaur the temperaturs reached as law as {{convert|−67.8|C}} in 1892, an at [[Oymyakon]], whaur the temperaturs reached as law as {{convert|−71.2|C}} in 1926. <!--*''Average annual temperature'': no data.--> *''Average Januar temperatur'': {{convert|−28|C}} (coast) tae {{convert|−47|C}} (Pole o Cauld). *''Average Julie temperatur'': {{convert|+2|C}} (coast) tae {{convert|+19|C}} (central pairts). Housomeivver, it gets vera hot durin the day in [[Yakutsk#Climate|Yakutsk]] in Julie (record = {{convert|+38.3|C}}). *''Average annual [[precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]]'': 200&nbsp;mm (central pairts) tae 700&nbsp;mm (muntains o Eastren Sakha). == Admeenistrative diveesions == {{Main|Admeenistrative diveesions o the Sakha Republic}} == Demografics == [[File:Sakha graph pop.png|thumb|right|Breakdoun o population changes, 1939–2002]] The offeecial leids are baith Roushie an [[Sakha leid|Sakha]], kent as Yakut an aw, which is spoken bi approximately 25% o the population. The Yakut leid is [[Turkic leids|Turkic]] wi [[Mongolie leid|Mongolie]] influence an some borraeins frae Sakha's [[Paleosiberie]] indigenous fowks. *'''Population''': {{ru-census2010|958,291}} *'''Population''': {{ru-census2002|949,280}} **''Urban'': 609,999 (64.3%) **''Rural'': 339,281 (35.7%) **''Male'': 464,217 (48.9%) **''Female'': 485,063 (51.1%) *'''Females per 1000 males''': 1,045 *'''Average age''': 30.0 year **''Urban'': 31.0 year **''Rural'': 27.4 year **''Male'': 30.0 year **''Female'': 26.6 year *'''Number o hoosehaulds''': 305,017 (wi 937,954 fowk) **''Urban'': 212,593 (wi 600,696 fowk) **''Rural'': 92,424 (wi 337,258 fowk) *'''Vital statistics''': :Source: Roushie Federal State Statistics Service {| class="wikitable" |- ! ! Births ! Daiths ! Birth rate ! Daith rate |- | 1970 | align="right" | 13,899 | align="right" | 5,700 | align="right" | 20.6 | align="right" | 8.5 |- | 1975 | align="right" | 15,636 | align="right" | 6,242 | align="right" | 20.2 | align="right" | 8.1 |- | 1980 | align="right" | 18,132 | align="right" | 7,501 | align="right" | 20.4 | align="right" | 8.5 |- | 1985 | align="right" | 22,823 | align="right" | 7,266 | align="right" | 22.8 | align="right" | 7.3 |- | 1990 | align="right" | 21,662 | align="right" | 7,470 | align="right" | 19.4 | align="right" | 6.7 |- | 1991 | align="right" | 19,805 | align="right" | 7,565 | align="right" | 17.8 | align="right" | 6.8 |- | 1992 | align="right" | 17,796 | align="right" | 8,710 | align="right" | 16.3 | align="right" | 8.0 |- | 1993 | align="right" | 16,771 | align="right" | 9,419 | align="right" | 15.6 | align="right" | 8.8 |- | 1994 | align="right" | 16,434 | align="right" | 10,371 | align="right" | 15.6 | align="right" | 9.9 |- | 1995 | align="right" | 15,731 | align="right" | 10,079 | align="right" | 15.3 | align="right" | 9.8 |- | 1996 | align="right" | 14,584 | align="right" | 9,638 | align="right" | 14.4 | align="right" | 9.5 |- | 1997 | align="right" | 13,909 | align="right" | 9,094 | align="right" | 13.9 | align="right" | 9.1 |- | 1998 | align="right" | 13,640 | align="right" | 8,856 | align="right" | 13.8 | align="right" | 9.0 |- | 1999 | align="right" | 12,724 | align="right" | 9,480 | align="right" | 13.1 | align="right" | 9.8 |- | 2000 | align="right" | 13,147 | align="right" | 9,325 | align="right" | 13.7 | align="right" | 9.7 |- | 2001 | align="right" | 13,262 | align="right" | 9,738 | align="right" | 13.9 | align="right" | 10.2 |- | 2002 | align="right" | 13,887 | align="right" | 9,700 | align="right" | 14.6 | align="right" | 10.2 |- | 2003 | align="right" | 14,224 | align="right" | 9,660 | align="right" | 15.0 | align="right" | 10.2 |- | 2004 | align="right" | 14,716 | align="right" | 9,692 | align="right" | 15.5 | align="right" | 10.2 |- | 2005 | align="right" | 13,591 | align="right" | 9,696 | align="right" | 14.3 | align="right" | 10.2 |- | 2006 | align="right" | 13,713 | align="right" | 9,245 | align="right" | 14.4 | align="right" | 9.7 |- | 2007 | align="right" | 15,268 | align="right" | 9,179 | align="right" | 16.1 | align="right" | 9.7 |- | 2008 | align="right" | 15,363 | align="right" | 9,579 | align="right" | 16.2 | align="right" | 10.1 |} <!--*'''Average life expectancy''': no data--> *'''Ethnic groups''': Accordin tae the [[Roushie Census (2002)|2002 Census]] the ethnic composition is: • 432,290 [[Yakuts]] (45.54%), • 390,617 [[Roushies]] (41.15%), • 34,633 [[Ukrainians]] (3.65%), • 18,232 [[Evenks]] (1.92%), • 11,657 [[Evens]] (1.23%), • 10,755 [[Tatars]] (1.13%), • 7,266 [[Buriats]] (0.77%), • 4,236 [[Belaroushies]] (0.45%), • 2,764 [[Armenies]] (0.29%), • 2,355 [[Bashkirs]] (0.25%), • 2,293 [[Azeris in Roushie|Azeris]] (0.24%), • 2,283 [[ethnic Germans]] (0.24%), • 2,255 [[Moldovans]] (0.24%), • 2,072 [[Mordovies]] (0.22%), • 1,815 [[Koreans]] (0.19%), • 1,700 [[Chuvash fowk|Chuvash]] (0.18%), • 1,454 [[Kyrgyz fowk|Kyrgyz]] (0.15%), • 1,272 [[Dolgans]] (0.13%), • 1,272 [[Uzbeks]] (0.13%), • 1,105 [[Tajik fowk|Tajiks]] (0.12%), • 1,097 [[Yukagirs]] (0.12%), • 1,000 [[Ingush fowk|Ingush]] (0.11%), an ither groups o less nor ane thoosan persons each. (0.28% o the inhabitants declined tae state their naitionality on the census questionnaire.)<ref>{{cite paper |url=http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/English/4-2.xls |title=National Composition of Population for Regions of the Russian Federation |accessdate=July 20, 2006 |format=XLS |publisher=2002 Russian All-Population Census |year=2002 |journal= |archive-date=2007-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070217070612/http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/English/4-2.xls |url-status=dead }}</ref><br /> Historical population figures are shown belaw: {| class="wikitable" |- ! ! census 1939 ! census 1959 ! census 1970 ! census 1979 ! census 1989 ! census 2002 |- | [[Yakuts]] | rowspan="2"| 233,273 (56.5%) | rowspan="2"| 226,053 (46.4%) | 285,749 (43.0%) | 313,917 (36.9%) | 365,236 (33.4%) | 432,290 (45.5%) |- | [[Dolgans]] | 10 (0.0%) | 64 (0.0%) | 408 (0.0%) | 1,272 (0.1%) |- | [[Evenks]] | 10,432 (2.5%) | 9,505 (2.0%) | 9,097 (1.4%) | 11,584 (1.4%) | 14,428 (1.3%) | 18,232 (1.9%) |- | [[Evens]] | 3,133 (0.8%) | 3,537 (0.7%) | 6,471 (1.0%) | 5,763 (0.7%) | 8,668 (0.8%) | 11,657 (1.2%) |- | [[Yukaghir]] | 267 (0.1%) | 285 (0.1%) | 400 (0.1%) | 526 (0.1%) | 697 (0.1%) | 1,097 (0.1%) |- | [[Chukchis]] | 400 (0.1%) | 325 (0.1%) | 387 (0.1%) | 377 (0.0%) | 473 (0.0%) | 602 (0.1%) |- | [[Roushies]] | 146,741 (35.5%) | 215,328 (44.2%) | 314,308 (47.3%) | 429,588 (50.4%) | 550,263 (50.3%) | 390,671 (41.2%) |- | [[Ukrainians]] | 4,229 (1.0%) | 12,182 (2.5%) | 20,253 (3.0%) | 46,326 (5.4%) | 77,114 (7.0%) | 34,633 (3.6%) |- | Ithers | 14,723 (3.6%) | 20,128 (4.1%) | 27,448 (4.1%) | 43,695 (5.1%) | 76,778 (7.0%) | 58,826 (6.2%) |} == Relatit pages == {{div col|2}} *[[Cuisine o Sakha]] *[[Muisic o Sakha]] *The [[Lena Pillars]] *[[Pleistocene Park]] {{div col end}} == Notes == {{Reflist|2}} == References == *{{Cite Russian law |ru_entity=Верховный Совет Республики Саха (Якутия) |ru_date=4 апреля 1992 г. |ru_title=Конституция (основной закон) Республики Саха (Якутия) |ru_amendment_type=Конституционного закона |ru_amendment_number=581-З 53-IV |ru_amendment_date=22 июля 2008 г |en_entity=Supreme Council of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic |en_date=April 4, 1992 |en_title=Constitution (Basic Law) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic |en_amendment_type=Constitutional Law |en_amendment_number=581-Z 53-IV |en_amendment_date=July 22, 2008 }} == Freemit airtins == {{Commonscat|Sakha}} *{{Ru icon}} [http://www.sakha.gov.ru Offeecial wabsteid o the govrenment o the Sakha Republic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222084119/http://www.sakha.gov.ru/ |date=2011-02-22 }} {{Subdiveesions o Roushie}} {{Roushie Far East}} {{Turkic States}} [[Category:Sakha Republic| ]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1922]] [[Category:Laptev Sea]] [[Category:East Siberie Sea]] [[Category:Geografie o Northeast Asie]] solcfhttb0hbr9xcuiss5e6tyj3ycrq 0 21370 918436 886047 2026-06-20T05:25:13Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Rönnäng |image_skyline = |image_caption = |pushpin_map = Sweden |pushpin_label_position = |subdivision_type = [[Kintra]] |subdivision_name = [[Swaden]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Municipalities o Swaden|Municipality]] |subdivision_name3 = [[Tjörn Municipality]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Coonties o Swaden|Coonty]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Västra Götaland Coonty]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces o Swaden|Province]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Bohuslän]] |area_footnotes = <ref name="scb">{{cite web | title=Tätorternas landareal, folkmängd och invånare per km² 2000 och 2005 | publisher=[[Statistics Sweden]] | url=http://www.scb.se/statistik/MI/MI0810/2005A01B/T%c3%a4torternami0810tab1.xls | format=xls | language=Swedish | accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> |area_total_km2 = 1.58 |population_as_of = 2005-12-31 |population_footnotes = <ref name="scb" /> |population_total = 1,474 |population_density_km2 = 934 |timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]] |utc_offset = +1 |timezone_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +2 |coordinates = {{coord|57|56|N|11|35|E|region:SE|display=inline}} |website = }} '''Rönnäng''' is a [[Urban auries in Swaden|locality]] situatit in [[Tjörn Municipality]], [[Västra Götaland Coonty]], [[Swaden]] wi 1,474 inhabitants in 2005.<ref name="scb" /> It lees on the sooth peak o the island o [[Tjörn]] in [[Swaden]]. == References == {{Reflist}} == Freemit airtins == * [http://www.tjorn.se/innehall/utbildning/grundskolor/ronnangsskola.4.5733b8a71081e46f844800045858.html Rönnängs skola (The school)]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080309162427/http://www.tjorn.se/innehall/utbildning/grundskolor/ronnangsskola.4.5733b8a71081e46f844800045858.html |date=2008-03-09 }} * [http://www.tjorn.se/innehall/kommuninformation/forvaltningar/kulturochfritid/bibliotek/filialbibliotek/ronnangsbibliotek.4.5733b8a71081e46f844800041675.html Rönnängs bibliotek (The library)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006012150/http://www.tjorn.se/innehall/kommuninformation/forvaltningar/kulturochfritid/bibliotek/filialbibliotek/ronnangsbibliotek.4.5733b8a71081e46f844800041675.html |date=2006-10-06 }} * [http://www.rff.nu/ Rönnängs FF (Soccer club, unoffeecial page)] {{Localities in Tjörn Municipality}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ronnang}} [[Category:Populatit places in Tjörn Municipality]] 6wvwto5l9briu9r6qx6moxds8clgose 0 21633 918432 885899 2026-06-20T04:52:07Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox state |name = Reid Sea |native_name =البحر الأحمر |other_name=al-Bahr al-Ahmar |nickname = |motto = |settlement_type=[[States o Sudan|State]] |image_skyline =Port Sudan.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Port Sudan |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_shield = |image_map =Locator map Sudan Red Sea.png |mapsize = |map_caption = Location in Sudan. |subdivision_type = State |subdivision_name = {{flag|Sudan}} |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Kassala ([[Eastren Sudan]]) |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |seat_type=Capital |seat=[[Port Sudan]] |government_type = |leader_title = [[Leet o The Sudan’s state govrenors|Govrenor]] |leader_name = [[Mohmed Taheir Aila]] |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 =218887 |population_as_of = 2010 (est.) |population_note = |population_total =1396000 |population_density_km2 = |timezone =[[East Africae Time|EAT]] |utc_offset = +3 |coordinates = {{coord|19|35|N|35|37|E|region:SD|display=inline}} |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Reid Sea''' ({{Lang-ar|البحر الأحمر}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|Al Baḥr al Aḥmar}}'') is ane o the 17 [[States o Sudan|wilayat]] or states o [[Sudan]].<ref>[http://www.statoids.com/usd.html "Sudan States"]</ref> It haes an aurie o 212,800&nbsp;km²<ref name=gov>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120706203243/http://www.sudan.gov.sd/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=85:2008-07-22-22-03-23&catid=43:2008-06-06-15-24-59&Itemid=71 "Red Sea State"] on the Republic of Sudan website</ref> an an estimatit population of 1,396,000 (2010). [[Port Sudan]] is the capital of the state.<ref name=gov /> Sudan claims, but does no control the [[Hala'ib Triangle]], a region disputit atween [[Sudan]] an [[Egyp]]. The oreeginal inhabitants o the State are the Beja Tribes, who constitute abuin 65% o the current population wi lawer walth an pouer in the region. Geographically, in the east, borderin the state, is the [[Reid Sea]]. Inland, muntains run frae north tae sooth, which are interruptit bi arid plains. Tae the northwast is the [[Nubie Desert]]. The [[Siyal Islands]] are locatit in the disputit aurie atween Egyp an Sudan in the northeast. The Sudanese state is dividit intae the aicht admeenistrative auries: Bur Sudan (Port Sudan), Gebiet Elma'din, Halayib, Haya, Sawakin, Sinkat ,Gunob Awlieb , Derodieb, Tokar and Ageeg. ==References== ;Notes {{reflist}} {{States o Sudan}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Red Sea (State)}} [[Category:States o Sudan]] [[Category:Reid Sea (state)| ]] 77op5qkp5qalyp99ipsnnlxrpglk5qv 0 22064 918340 885646 2026-06-19T13:30:01Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918340 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> | name = Kocaeli | native_name = Kocaeli<!-- if different from the English name --> | native_name_lang = tr<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "tr" for Turkish. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> | settlement_type = [[Provinces o Turkey|Province o Turkey]] | image_skyline = | image_caption = | image_flag = | image_seal = <!-- maps and coordinates ------> | image_map = Kocaeli in Turkey.svg | mapsize = 300px | map_caption = Location o Kocaeli Province in Turkey <!-- location ------------------> | subdivision_type = Kintra | subdivision_name = [[Turkey]] | subdivision_type1 = [[First-level NUTS o Turkey|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[East Marmara Region (stateestical)|East Marmara]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Seicont-level NUTS o Turkey|Subregion]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Kocaeli Subregion|Kocaeli]] | seat_type = Provincial seat | seat = [[Izmit]] | seat1_type = Lairgest ceety | seat1 = <!-- coordinates --> | coordinates = {{coord|40.852|N|29.878|E|display=inline,title|region:TR-41_type:adm1st_source:nlwiki}} <!-- government type, leaders --> | leader_title = [[Electoral destricts o Turkey|Electoral destrict]] | leader_name = [[Kocaeli (electoral destrict)|Kocaeli]] | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | total_type = Tot | area_total_km2 = 3,626 | population_footnotes = {{wikidata|reference|P1082|P585=2018}} | population_total = {{wikidata|property|raw|P1082|P585=2018}} | population_as_of = 2018 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_urban = | population_urban_footnotes = | population_rural = | population_rural_footnotes = | area_code_type = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) --> | area_code = 00262 | registration_plate = 41 | website = | footnotes = }} '''Kocaeli Province''' ({{lang-tr|Kocaeli ili }}, {{IPA-tr|kodʒaˈeli|pron}}) is a [[Provinces o Turkey|province]] o [[Turkey]]. Its caipital is [[İzmit]], which is whiles referred tae as Kocaeli itsel. The lairgest toun in the province is nou [[Gebze]]. The [[Turkis caur number plates#Location codes|traffic code]] is 41. The province is locatit at the eastmaist end o the [[Marmara Sea]], especially on the [[Gulf o İzmit]]. Acause o the size an naitural conditions o the Bay o İzmit, the ceety is a giant naitural harbour. Thare are lots o harbour facilities athin Kocaeli, includin the primary base o the [[Turkis Navy]]. ==Destricts== Kocaeli province is dividit intae 12 [[Destricts o Turkey|destricts]]: {| class="sortable wikitable" |----- | align="center" bgcolor="#98FB98" | '''Rank''' || align="center" bgcolor="#98FB98" | '''City''' || align="center" bgcolor="#98FB98" | '''1990 Census''' || align="center" bgcolor="#98FB98" | '''2000 Census''' || align="center" bgcolor="#98FB98" | '''2007 Census''' || align="center" bgcolor="#98FB98" | '''2009 Estimate''' |----- |align=right | 1 || [[İzmit]] || align=right | 159.116 || align=right | 195.669 || align=right | 248.424 || align=right | 313.964 |----- |align=right | 2 || [[Gebze]] || align=right | 190.741 || align=right | 253.487 || align=right | 310.815 || align=right | 297.956 |----- |align=right | 3 || [[Derince]] || align=right | 66.141 || align=right | 93.997 || align=right | 113.991 || align=right | 116.806 |----- |align=right | 4 || [[Darıca]] || align=right | 53.559 || align=right | 85.818 || align=right | 109.580 || align=right | 112.975 |----- |align=right | 5 || [[Körfez, Kocaeli|Körfez]] || align=right | 63.194 || align=right | 81.938 || align=right | 97.535 || align=right | 99.859 |----- |align=right | 6 || [[Gölcük, Kocaeli|Gölcük]] || align=right | 65.600 || align=right | 55.790 || align=right | 71.538 || align=right | 73.788 |----- |align=right | 7 || [[Çayırova Destrict, Kocaeli]] || align=right | 7.800 || align=right | 24.825 || align=right | 36.741 || align=right | 38.709 |----- |align=right | 8 || [[Karamürsel]] || align=right | 24.462 || align=right | 29.353 || align=right | 36.466 || align=right | 37.172 |----- |align=right | 9 || [[Dilovası]] || align=right | 18.590 || align=right | 28.890 || align=right | 35.856 || align=right | 36.851 |----- |align=right | 10 || [[Değirmendere]] || align=right | 19.530 || align=right | 22.086 || align=right | 29.906 || align=right | 31.023 |----- |align=right | 11 || [[Alikahya]] || align=right | 4.074 || align=right | 16.300 || align=right | 23.192 || align=right | 24.182 |----- |align=right | 12 || [[Hereke]] || align=right | 13.872 || align=right | 14.553 || align=right | 18.877 || align=right | 19.495 |----- |align=right | 13 || [[Yuvacık]] || align=right | 7.338 || align=right | 12.101 || align=right | 18.491 || align=right | 19.404 |----- |align=right | 14 || [[Köseköy]] || align=right | 9.200 || align=right | 15.639 || align=right | 17.492 || align=right | 17.757 |----- |align=right | 15 || [[Kandıra]] || align=right | 10.427 || align=right | 12.641 || align=right | 15.473 || align=right | 15.770 |----- |align=right | 16 || [[Uzunçiftlik]] || align=right | 7.261 || align=right | 13.302 || align=right | 14.893 || align=right | 15.342 |----- |align=right | 17 || [[Kullar]] || align=right | 8.820 || align=right | 17.105 || align=right | 13.730 || align=right | 13.248 |----- |align=right | 18 || [[İhsaniye]] || align=right | 9.186 || align=right | 15.000 || align=right | 12.839 || align=right | 13.054 |----- |align=right | 19 || [[Bahçecik]] || align=right | 8.648 || align=right | 9.563 || align=right | 12.232 || align=right | 12.613 |----- |align=right | 20 || [[Kuruçeşme]] || align=right | 7.743 || align=right | 9.490 || align=right | 11.785 || align=right | 12.113 |----- |align=right | 21 || [[Arslanbey]] || align=right | 3.439 || align=right | 4.421 || align=right | 10.573 || align=right | 11.452 |} ==Kocaeli Province population data in 2000== {| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin:0 1em 0 0; background: #eeddee; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" ! Municipality||population ! Municipality||population ! Municipality||population ! Municipality||population ! Municipality||population |- |[[İzmit]]||199.023 |[[Gebze]]||253.487 |[[Derince]]||93.997 |[[Darıca]]||85.818 |[[Körfez, Kocaeli|Körfez]]||81.938 |- |- |[[Gölcük, Kocaeli|Gölcük]]||80.843 |[[Karamürsel]]||31.475 |[[Dilovasi]]||28.809 |[[Çayırova Destrict, Kocaeli|Çayırova]]||22.964 |[[Değirmendere]]||22.086 |- |- |[[Kullar]]||17.104 |[[Alikahya]]||16.591 |[[Hereke]]||16.189 |[[Köseköy]]||15.639 |[[Uzunçiftlik]]||13.032 |- |- |[[Kandıra]]||12.641 |[[Yuvacık]]||12.101 |[[İhsaniye]]||11.607 |[[Bahçecik]]||9.563 |[[Kuruçeşme]]||9.490 |- |- |[[Arslanbey]]||7.091 |[[Suadiye]]||6.908 |[[Maşukiye]]||6.438 |[[Şekerpınar]]||6.309 |[[Yeniköy]]||5.797 |- |- |[[Karşıyaka]]||4.893 |[[Tavşancıl]]||4.845 |[[Uzuntarla]]||4.660 |[[Halıdere]]||4.218 |[[Büyükderbent]]||4.203 |} ==See an aw== * [[Provinces o Turkey]] * [[Kocaeli University]] * [[Pişmaniye]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commonscat-inline}} * [http://www.kocaeli.gov.tr/ Kocaeli govrenor's offeecial wabsteid] {{tr icon}} [http://www.kocaelivizyon.com/ kocaeli] * [http://www.kocaeli.bel.tr/ Kocaeli municipality's offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080628225647/http://www.kocaeli.bel.tr/ |date=2008-06-28 }} {{tr icon}} / {{en icon}} * [http://www.kocaeli.net.tr/ Kocaeli holiday's offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114174351/http://www.kocaeli.net.tr/ |date=2012-01-14 }} {{tr icon}} / {{en icon}} * [http://www.kocaeliplus.com/ kocaeli şehir rehberi] {{Destricts o Turkey |provname=Kocaeli |image=Kocaeli |}} {{Provinces o Turkey}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Kocaeli Province| ]] dlm1c4dmiruekwsdgjdoro9h56iomf4 0 22131 918380 898667 2026-06-19T21:44:53Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918380 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse; clear:right; width:260px;" |+ <big>'''Coonty o Monmouthshire'''</big><br><big>'''''Sir Fynwy'''''</big> |- | colspan=2 style="text-align: center; background: white;"|[[File:Wales Monmouthshire locator map.svg|250px]] |- | colspan=2 style="background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;"|Geography |- ! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''[[Surface aurie|Aurie]]'''<br />- Tot<br />- % Watter | [[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi aurie|Ranked 7t]]<br />[[1 E8 m²|850]]&nbsp;km²<br />? % |- ! Admin HQ | [[Usk]] |- ! [[ISO 3166-2:GB|ISO 3166-2]] | GB-MON |- ! [[ONS coding seestem|ONS code]] | 00PP |- | colspan=2 style="background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;"|Demographics |- ! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''[[Population]]''':<br />- Tot ({{Welsh council population|TXT=Year}})<br />- [[Density]]<br />&nbsp; |[[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi population|Ranked {{Welsh council population|RNK=00PP}}]]<br />{{Welsh council population|POP=00PP}}<br />[[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi population density|Ranked {{Welsh council population|DRK=00PP}}]]<br />{{Welsh council population|DEN=00PP}} / km² |- ! Ethnicity | 97.5% White |- ! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''[[Welsh language]]'''<br />- Ony skills | [[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi percentage Welsh leid|Ranked 22nt]]<br />12.9% |- ![[MPs electit in the UK general election, 2010|MP]] | *[[David Davies (Welsh politeecian)|David Davies]] |- ![[Member o the Naitional Assembly for Wales|AM]] | *[[Nick Ramsay]] |} '''Monmouthshire''' ({{lang-cy|Sir Fynwy}}) is a [[Local government in Wales|coonty]] in sooth east [[Wales]]. The name derives frae the historic coonty o [[Monmouthshire (historic)|Monmouthshire]] which covered a hintle lairger aurie. The lairgest toun is [[Abergavenny]]. Thare are mony castles in Monmouthshire (see Places o Interest). ==Historic coonty== {{Main|Monmouthshire (historic)}} The historic coonty o Monmouthshire wis formit frae the [[Welsh Mairches]] bi the [[Laws in Wales Acts 1535-1542|Laws in Wales Act 1535]]. It bordered [[Gloucestershire]] tae the east, [[Herefordshire]] tae the northeast, [[Brecknockshire]] tae the north, an [[Glamorgan]] tae the wast. Thir Acts o Union naewhaur state that the aurie is remuivit frae Wales an addit tae Ingland, but atween the 16t an 20t centuries some considered that thare wis ambiguity as tae whether the coonty wis pairt o Wales or Ingland. Syne [[1974]] the aurie haes been placit definitively in [[Wales]]. The eastren an soothren bundaries o the historic coonty an the current principal aurie are the same, alang the [[River Wye]] an [[Severn estuary]]; housomeivver, the wastren twa-fifts o the historic coonty are nou admeenistered bi the ither [[Subdiveesions o Wales|unitary authorities]] o [[Blaenau Gwent]], [[Torfaen]], [[Caerphilly Coonty Borough|Caerphilly]] an [[Newport]]. The [[admeenistrative coonty]] o Monmouthshire, an associatit [[Laird Lieutenant o Monmouthshire|lieutenancy]] wur abolished in 1974 unner the [[Local Govrenment Act 1972]]. The aurie lairgely became pairt o the new local govrenment an ceremonial coonty o [[Gwent (coonty)|Gwent]]. ==Principal aurie== {{main|Monmouthshire Council}} The current [[Local govrenment in Wales#Principal auries o Wales|unitary authority]] wis creatit on 1 Aprile 1996 as a successor tae the destrict o [[Monmouth (destrict)|Monmouth]] alang wi the [[Llanelly]] community frae [[Blaenau Gwent]], baith o which wur [[Destricts o Wales|destrict]]s o [[Gwent (coonty)|Gwent]]. The uise o the name "Monmouthshire" rather than "Monmouth" for the aurie wis mildly controversial, bein supportit bi the MP for [[Monmouth (UK Parliament constituency)|Monmouth]], [[Roger Kenneth Evans|Roger Evans]], but bein opposed bi [[Paul Murphy (UK politeecian)|Paul Murphy]], MP for [[Torfaen (UK Parliament constituency)|Torfaen]] (inside the historic coonty o Monmouthshire but bein reconstitutit as a separate unitary authority). <ref>{{cite web |author=Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster |url=http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199394/cmhansrd/1994-03-15/Debate-4.html |title=Hansard, House of Commons, March 15, 1994, Column 782 |publisher=Parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21 |archive-date=2012-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210053125/http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199394/cmhansrd/1994-03-15/Debate-4.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bi aurie it covers some 60% o the historic coonty, but anerlie 20% o the population. The cooncil's admeenistrative heidquarters are at the umwhile Gwent Coonty Haw at [[Croesyceiliog]], [[Cwmbran]] — ootside o its awn jurisdiction in the neighbourin borough o [[Torfaen]]. It is the anerlie principal aurie in Wales admeenistered frae ootside its bundaries; housomeivver thare are plans tae muive the cooncil heidquarters tae offices at [[Coleg Gwent]], [[Usk]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.monmouthshire.gov.uk/site/scripts/news_article.php?newsID=225 |title=Monmouthshire County Council press release, "This council is coming home", 12 January 2010 |publisher=Monmouthshire.gov.uk |date=2010-01-12 |accessdate=2011-05-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229230451/http://www.monmouthshire.gov.uk/site/scripts/news_article.php?newsID=225 |archivedate=2012-02-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Plannin permission for a new office biggin at Usk, tae provide the authority's central facilities, wis grantit in September 2011.<ref>[http://www.freepressseries.co.uk/news/9278722.Plans_for_new_Monmouthshire_council_HQ_in_Usk_are_approved/ Free Press, ''Plans for new Monmouthshire council HQ in Usk are approved'', 29 September 2011]</ref> Some cooncil functions muivit in 2011 tae offices at [[Magor, Monmouthshire|Magor]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.monmouthshire.gov.uk/news/article/510/monmouthshires_student_finance_team_to_move_to_magor |title=Monmouthshire Council, ''Monmouthshire’s student finance team to move to Magor'', 26 September 2011 |access-date=2011-10-25 |archive-date=2011-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111025144538/http://www.monmouthshire.gov.uk/news/article/510/monmouthshires_student_finance_team_to_move_to_magor |url-status=dead }}</ref> In comparison tae the pre-1974 auries it covers: *the umwhile boroughs o [[Abergavenny]] an [[Monmouth]] *the umwhile urban destricts o [[Chepstow]] an [[Usk]] *the umwhile rural destricts o [[Abergavenny Rural Destrict|Abergavenny]], [[Chepstow Rural Destrict|Chepstow]] an [[Monmouth Rural Destrict|Monmouth]] *the umwhile rural destrict o Pontypool, except the community o Llanfrechfa Lawer *the parish o [[Llanelly]] frae the umwhile [[Crickhowell Rural Destrict]] in [[Brecknockshire]] ==Places o interest== [[Image:Ragland castle t100.jpg|thumb|right|Raglan Castle]] :''See [[Leet o places in Monmouthshire]] for a leet o settlements in the principal aurie''. <div style="-moz-column-count:3; -webkit-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> *[[Chepstow Castle]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/203742 |title=Chepstow Castle from the 1816 Bridge:: OS grid ST5394 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Raglan Castle]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/286951 |title=Raglan Castle:: OS grid SO4108 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Monmouth]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/11200 |title=Monnow Bridge, Monmouth:: OS grid SO5012 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Trellech]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/262365 |title=Harold's Stones, Trellech:: OS grid SO4905 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Abergavenny Castle]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/23974 |title=Abergavenny Castle:: OS grid SO2913 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Wye Valley]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/543505 |title=Wye Valley View from Eagle's Nest on Wynd Cliff:: OS grid ST5296 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Black Mountains, Wales|Black Mountains]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/129254 |title=The Sugar Loaf, near Abergavenny:: OS grid SO2718 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Brecon Beacons National Park]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/355915 |title=Looking NNE from the Sugar Loaf:: OS grid SO2620 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[White Castle (Wales)|White Castle]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/168047 |title=White Castle:: OS grid SO3716 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Skenfrith Castle]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/288937 |title=Skenfrith Castle:: OS grid SO4520 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Grosmont Castle]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/213768 |title=Grosmont Castle:: OS grid SO4024 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Three Castles Walk]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/568727 |title=The Three Castles Walk:: OS grid SO4421 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Offa's Dyke]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/124773 |title=Devil's Pulpit:: OS grid ST5499 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Llanthony Priory]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/145095 |title=Llanthony Priory:: OS grid SO2827 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Tintern Abbey]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/1001 |title=Tintern Abbey:: OS grid SO5300 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date=2005-03-30 |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Usk]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199442 |title=View from Usk Castle:: OS grid SO3700 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Usk Valley Walk]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/70264 |title=Clytha Castle:: OS grid SO3608 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Abergavenny]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/23648 |title=Market Hall clock tower, Abergavenny:: OS grid SO2914 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Monmouthshire & Brecon Canal]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/142259 |title=Monmouthshire & Brecon Canal, Govilon:: OS grid SO2713 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Marches Way]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/384710 |title=Stream at Dolydd y Castell, Abergavenny:: OS grid SO3013 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date=2007-04-01 |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Monnow Valley Walk]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/350159 |title=The Monnow Valley:: OS grid SO4323 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[Caldicot Castle]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/289963 |title=Caldicot Castle:: OS grid ST4888 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> *[[The Kymin]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/606059 |title=The Round House, The Kymin, Monmouth:: OS grid SO5212 :: Geograph Britain and Ireland - photograph every grid square! |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> </div> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20090130115735/http://www.monmouthshire.gov.uk/site/index.php Monmouthshire Coonty Cooncil] *{{dmoz|Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom/Wales/Monmouthshire}} *[http://www.monmouthshire.co.uk/ The Oreeginal Monmouthshire websteid Monmouthshire.co.uk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301123438/http://www.monmouthshire.co.uk/ |date=2012-03-01 }} *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/southeast/sites/monmouthshire/ BBC Wales on Monmouthshire] *[http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/wal/MON/Gaz1868.html Genuki National Gazetteer o 1868] {{Wales subdiveesions}} {{coord|51|47|06|N|2|52|21|W|region:GB-MON_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}} [[Category:Monmouthshire| ]] [[Category:Coonties o Wales]] [[Category:Principal auries o Wales]] biwv3p5n1i8c6874nm4powxfih6kwsx 0 31898 918343 898946 2026-06-19T13:46:22Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918343 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Roushie federal subject |en_name=Krasnodar Krai |ru_name=Краснодарский край |image_map=Krasnodar in Russia.svg |coordinates = {{coord|45|22|N|39|26|E|type:adm1st_region:RU|display=inline,title}} |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Krasnodar Krai.svg |coa_caption=[[Coat o airms o Krasnodar Krai]] |image_flag=Flag of Krasnodar Krai.svg |flag_caption=[[Flag o Krasnodar Krai]] |anthem=[[Anthem o Krasnodar Krai]] |anthem_ref |holiday |holiday_ref |political_status=Krai |political_status_link=Krais o Roushie |federal_district=[[Soothren Federal Destrict|Soothren]] |economic_region=[[North Caucasus economic region|North Caucasus]] |adm_ctr_type=Admeenistrative center |adm_ctr_name=[[Krasnodar]] |adm_ctr_ref |pop_2010census=5226647 |pop_2010census_rank=3rd |urban_pop_2010census=52.9% |rural_pop_2010census=47.1% |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" /> |pop_density |pop_density_as_of |pop_density_ref |pop_latest |pop_latest_date |pop_latest_ref |area_km2=76000 |area_km2_rank=42nt |area_km2_ref |established_date=13 September 1937 |established_date_ref=<ref name="DateEstablished">Azarenkova et al., p.&nbsp;114</ref> |license_plates=23 |ISO=RU-KDA |gov_as_of=Mairch 2011 |leader_title=[[Heid o Admeenistration o Krasnodar Krai|Heid o Admeenistration (Govrenor)]] |leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadTitle">Charter, Article&nbsp;41.1</ref> |leader_name=[[Alexander Nikolayevich Tkachyov|Alexander Tkachyov]] |leader_name_ref=<ref name="HeadName">Official website of Krasnodar Krai. [http://admkrai.kuban.ru/content/section/701/detail/23876/ Biography of Alexander Nikolayevich Tkachyov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120828165041/http://admkrai.kuban.ru/content/section/701/detail/23876 |date=2012-08-28 }} {{ru icon}}</ref> |legislature=[[Legislative Assembly o Krasnodar Krai|Legislative Assembly]] |legislature_ref=<ref name="Legislature">Charter, Chapter&nbsp;3</ref> |website=http://admkrai.kuban.ru/ |website_ref |date=August 2010 }} '''Krasnodar Krai''' ({{lang-ru|Краснода́рский край}}, ''Krasnodarsky kray'') is a [[federal subjects o Roushie|federal subject]] o [[Roushie]] (a [[krai]]), locatit in the [[Soothren Federal Destrict]]. Its [[admeenistrative center]] is the [[types o inhabitit localities in Roushie|ceety]] o [[Krasnodar]]. Population: 5,226,647 ([[Roushie Census (2010)|2010 Census]]).<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> == Notes == {{Reflist}} == References == *{{Cite book |last=Азаренкова |first=А.&nbsp;С. |coauthors=И.&nbsp;Ю.&nbsp;Бондарь, Н.&nbsp;С.&nbsp;Вертышева |title=Основные административно-территориальные преобразования на Кубани (1793–1985&nbsp;гг.) |origyear=1986 |year=1986 |publisher=Краснодарское книжное издательство |language=Russian }} *{{Cite Russian law |ru_date=10 ноября 1993 г. |ru_title=Устав Краснодарского края |ru_amendment_type=Закона |ru_amendment_number=1523-КЗ |ru_amendment_date=21 июля 2008 г |en_date=November 10, 1993 |en_title=Charter of Krasnodar Krai |en_amendment_type=Law |en_amendment_number=1523-KZ |en_amendment_date=July 21, 2008 }} == Freemit airtins == {{Commonscat|Krasnodar Krai}} *[http://admkrai.kuban.ru/ Offeecial wabsteid o Krasnodar Krai] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130174354/http://admkrai.kuban.ru/ |date=2012-11-30 }} {{ru icon}} *[http://eng.russ-yug.ru/section/krasnodar/ News an events o Krasnodar Krai] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207125937/http://eng.russ-yug.ru/section/krasnodar/ |date=2012-02-07 }} *[http://www.russiakrasnodar.com/ Krasnodar Photographs]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206061814/http://www.russiakrasnodar.com/ |date=2011-12-06 }} {{Subdiveesions o Roushie}} {{Kintras an regions o the Caucasus}} [[Category:Krasnodar Krai| ]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1937]] [[Category:Auries o traditional spread o Ukrainians an Ukrainian leid]] rl4wdj1h93uad7gg47navvsg66cds7x 0 31913 918330 911209 2026-06-19T12:20:25Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Roushie federal subject |en_name=Republic o Kalmykie |ru_name=Республика Калмыкия |loc_name1=Хальмг Таңһч |loc_lang1=Kalmyk |image_map=Kalmykia in Russia.svg |coordinates = {{coord|46|34|N|45|19|E|type:adm1st_region:RU|display=inline,title}} |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Kalmykia.svg |coa_caption=[[Coat o airms o Kalmykie]] |image_flag=Flag of Kalmykia.svg |flag_caption=[[Flag o Kalmykie]] |anthem=[[Naitional Anthem o Kalmykie]] |anthem_ref |holiday |holiday_ref |political_status=Republic |political_status_link=Republics o Roushie |federal_district=[[Soothren Federal Destrict|Soothren]] |economic_region=[[Volga economic region|Volga]] |adm_ctr_type=Caipital |adm_ctr_name=[[Elista]] |adm_ctr_ref |official_lang_list=[[Kalmyk leid|Kalmyk]] |official_lang_ref=<ref name="Languages">Steppe Code (Constitution), Article&nbsp;17</ref> |pop_2010census=289481 |pop_2010census_rank=78t |urban_pop_2010census=44.1% |rural_pop_2010census=55.9% |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" /> |pop_density |pop_density_as_of |pop_density_ref |pop_latest |pop_latest_date |pop_latest_ref |area_km2=76100 |area_km2_rank=41st |area_km2_ref |established_date=9 Januar 1957 |established_date_ref |license_plates=08 |ISO=RU-KL |gov_as_of=March 2011 |leader_title=[[Heid o Kalmykie|Heid]] |leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis">Steppe Code (Constitution), Article&nbsp;4</ref> |leader_name=[[Aleksey Orlov (politeecian)|Alexey Orlov]] |leader_name_ref=<ref name="HeadName">Official website of the Government of the Republic of Kalmykia. [http://kalm.ru/en/president.html Kirsan Nikolayevich Ilyumzhinov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213170238/http://www.kalm.ru/en/president.html |date=2012-02-13 }} {{en icon}}</ref> |legislature=[[Fowkkhural o Kalmykie|Fowkkhural (Parliament)]] |legislature_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis" /> |website=http://kalm.ru |website_ref |date=August 2010 }} [[File:Kalmykia03.png|thumb|250px|right]] The '''Republic o Kalmykie''' ({{lang-ru|Респу́блика Калмы́кия}}, ''Respublika Kalmykiya''; {{lang-xal|Хальмг Таңһч}}, ''Hal'mg Tanghch'') is a [[federal subjects o Roushie|federal subject]] o [[Roushie]] (a [[republics o Roushie|republic]]). Population: 289,481 ([[Roushie Census (2010)|2010 Census]]).<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> It is the anerlie [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] region in [[Europe]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2006/sep/21/russia.chess|title=King of Kalmykia|author=Tom Parfitt|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|date=September 21, 2006|accessdate=2001-03-28|quote=Kalmykia is the only Buddhist region in Europe...}}</ref> It haes an aw become weel kent as an internaitional [[chess]] mecca acause its umwhile Preses, [[Kirsan Ilyumzhinov]], is the heid o the [[Internaitional Chess Federation]] ([[FIDE]]). == Geography == *''Aurie'': {{convert|76100|km2|sp=us}} *''Borders'': **''internal'': [[Volgograd Oblast]] (NW/N), [[Astrakhan Oblast]] (N/NE/E), [[Dagestan]] (S), [[Stavropol Krai]] (SW), [[Rostov Oblast]] (W) **''watter'': [[Caspian Sea]] (SE) <!--*''Highest point'': no data--> *''Maximum north-sooth distance'': {{convert|448|km|abbr=on}} *''Maximum east-wast distance'': {{convert|423|km|abbr=on}} <!-- *''Average elevation'': nae data. --> Kalmykia is traversed bi the northeasterly line o equal latitude an langitude. == References == {{Reflist}} == Sources == *{{Cite Russian law |ru_date=5 апреля 1994 г. |ru_title=Степное Уложение (Конституция) Республики Калмыкия |ru_amendment_type=Закона |ru_amendment_number=386-III-З |ru_amendment_date=20 декабря 2007 г |en_date=April 5, 1994 |en_title=Steppe Code (Constitution) of the Republic of Kalmykia |en_amendment_type=Law |en_amendment_number=386-III-Z |en_amendment_date=December 20, 2007 }} == Freemit airtins == {{Commonscat|Kalmykia}} *[http://elista.org News o Kalmykie] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922075214/http://www.elista.org/ |date=2021-09-22 }} (also in [http://elista.org/elista/index.php Roushie/Inglis] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110312011820/http://www.elista.org/elista/index.php |date=2011-03-12 }}) *[http://kalm.ru/en Offeecial wabsteid o the Republic o Kalmykie] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070625022705/http://kalm.ru/en/ |date=2007-06-25 }} (an aw in [http://kalm.ru/ru/index.php Roushie] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608103809/http://www.kalm.ru/ru/index.php |date=2007-06-08 }}) *[http://www.kalmykiaembassy.ru/html/eindex.html Official website of the Kalmyk diplomatic representation at the President of the Russian Federation]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224164944/http://www.kalmykiaembassy.ru/html/eindex.html |date=2011-12-24 }} {{en icon}}{{ru icon}} {{Subdiveesions o Roushie}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Kalmykie| ]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1957]] majdhky0es8xg4e3cead2elgovtz8re 0 31915 918331 885410 2026-06-19T12:26:39Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918331 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Roushie federal subject |en_name=Karachay–Cherkess Republic |ru_name=Карачаево-Черкесская Республика |loc_name1=Къарачай-Черкес Республика |loc_lang1=Karachay-Balkar |loc_name2=Къэрэшей-Шэрджэс Республикэ |loc_lang2=Kabardian |image_map=Karachay-Cherkess in Russia.svg |coordinates = {{coord|43|55|N|41|47|E|type:adm1st_region:RU|display=inline,title}} |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Karachay-Cherkessia.svg |coa_caption=[[Coat o airms o Karachay–Cherkessie]] |image_flag=Flag of Karachay-Cherkessia.svg |flag_caption=[[Flag o Karachay–Cherkessie]] |anthem=[[Naitional Anthem o Karachay–Cherkessie]] |anthem_ref |holiday |holiday_ref |political_status=Republic |political_status_link=Republics o Roushie |federal_district=[[North Caucasian Federal Destrict|North Caucasian]] |economic_region=[[North Caucasus economic region|North Caucasus]] |adm_ctr_type=Caipital |adm_ctr_name=[[Cherkessk]] |adm_ctr_ref |official_lang_list=[[Abaza leid|Abaza]], [[Kabardian leid|Cherkess]], [[Karachay-Balkar leid|Karachay]], [[Nogai leid|Nogai]] |official_lang_ref=<ref name="Languages">Constitution, Article&nbsp;11.1</ref> |pop_2010census=477859 |pop_2010census_rank=73rd |urban_pop_2010census=43.4% |rural_pop_2010census=56.6% |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" /> |pop_density |pop_density_as_of |pop_density_ref |pop_latest |pop_latest_date |pop_latest_ref |area_km2=14100 |area_km2_rank=77t |area_km2_ref |established_date=9 Januar 1957 |established_date_ref=<ref name="DateEstablished">{{Cite Soviet law |ru_entity=Президиум Верховного Совета СССР |ru_type=Указ |ru_date=9 февраля 1957 г. |ru_title=О преобразовании Черкесской автономной области в Карачаево-Черкесскую автономную область |en_entity=[[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet]] of the USSR |en_type=Decree |en_date=9 Februar 1957 |en_title=On Transformation of Cherkess Autonomous Oblast into Karachay–Cherkess Autonomous Oblast }}</ref> |license_plates=09 |ISO=RU-KC |gov_as_of=Mairch 2011 |leader_title=[[Preses o Karachay–Cherkessie|Preses]] |leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis">Constitution, Article&nbsp;4</ref> |leader_name=[[Rashid Temrezov]] |leader_name_ref=<ref name="President">[http://kremlin.ru/news/10447 Дмитрий Медведев подписал Указ «О досрочном прекращении полномочий Президента Карачаево-Черкесской Республики»] {{ru icon}}</ref> |legislature=[[Fowkassembly o Karachay–Cherkessie|Fowkassembly (Parliament)]] |legislature_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis" /> |website=http://www.kchr.info/ |website_ref |date=August 2010 }} [[Image:Karachay Cherkess03.png|thumb|250px|right]] The '''Karachay–Cherkess Republic''' (or ''Karachay–Circassian Republic'') ({{lang-ru|Карача́ево-Черке́сская Респу́блика}}, ''Karachayevo-Cherkesskaya Respublika''; [[Karachay-Balkar leid|Karachay-Balkar]]: Къарачай-Черкес Республика; [[Kabardian leid|Kabardian]]: Къэрэшей-Шэрджэс Республикэ), or '''Karachay–Cherkessie''' (or ''Karachay–Circassia'') ({{lang|ru|Карача́ево-Черке́ссия}}, ''Karachayevo-Cherkessiya'') is a [[federal subjects o Roushie|federal subject]] o [[Roushie]] (a [[republics o Roushie|republic]]). Population: 477,859 ([[Roushie Census (2010)|2010 Census]]).<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> == References == === Notes === {{Reflist}} === Sources === *{{Cite Russian law |ru_date=5 марта 1996 г. |ru_title=Конституция Карачаево-Черкесской Республики |ru_amendment_type=Конституционного закона |ru_amendment_number=87-РЗ |ru_amendment_date=12 ноября 2007 г |en_date=March 5, 1996 |en_title=Constitution of the Karachay–Cherkess Republic |en_amendment_type=Constitutional Law |en_amendment_number=87-RZ |en_amendment_date=November 12, 2007 }} == Freemit airtins == {{Commonscat|Karachay-Cherkessia}} *{{ru icon}} [http://www.kchr.info Offeecial wabsteid o the Karachay-Cherkess Republic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119112136/http://www.kchr.info/ |date=2013-01-19 }}, kchr.info *{{en icon}} {{ru icon}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20120717005006/http://trombicula.narod.ru/en/Wallpaper-en.htm Collection o images o Karachay-Cherkessie], trombicula.narod.ru *[http://www.travel-images.com/russia5.html Images o Karachay-Cherkessie], travel-images.com {{Subdiveesions o Roushie}} {{Kintras an regions o the Caucasus}} {{Turkic-speakin regions}} [[Category:Karachay-Cherkessie| ]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1991]] [[Category:Geografie o Soothren Roushie]] [[Category:Geografie o the Caucasus]] [[Category:Autonomous Turkic states]] nlx71v250ko5ttqkrks78s5b8vwmtnl 0 32241 918484 896347 2026-06-20T09:55:57Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Ukrainian oblast | name = Ternopil Oblast' | Ukrainian_name = Тернопільська область | TransliteratedName = Ternopil’s’ka oblast’ | image_flag = Flag-of-Ternopil-Oblast.svg | nickname = {{lang|uk|Тернопільщина (''Ternopilshchyna'')}} | image_shield = Coat of Arms of Ternopil Oblast.svg | image_map = Map of Ukraine political simple Oblast Ternopil.png | admin_center = [[Ternopil]] | Largest cities = [[Ternopil]], [[Chortkiv]], <br>[[Kremenets]] | governor = Mykhaylo Tsymbalyuk<ref>[http://www.unian.net/eng/news/news-382246.html Yanukovych dismissed his governor], [[Unian.net]] (June 17, 2010)</ref> | governor_party = | chairman = Oleksiy Kaida<ref name=newchair>[http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/10908/ Svoboda member heads Ternopil regional council], [[Interfax|Interfax-Ukraine]] (26 March 2009)</ref> | chairman_party = [[Aw-Ukrainian Union "Freedom"|Svoboda]]<ref name=newchair/> | council_seats = 120 | raions = 3 | city_raions = | cities = 14 | CMTs = 17 | villages = 1019 | area_rank = 22nt | area_total_km2 = 13823 | population_as_of = 2006 | population_rank = 23rd | population = 1107294 | Density = 82.5 | postal_code = ? | PostalCodePrefix = [[Leet o postal codes#U-Z]] | iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:UA|UA-61]] | FIPS_code = [[Leet o FIPS region codes (S-U)#UP:Ukraine|UP22]] | area_code = [[Aurie code#Ukraine|+380-35]] | website = [http://www.adm.gov.te.ua www.adm.gov.te.ua] }} '''Ternopil Oblast'''' ({{lang-uk|Тернопільська область}}, [[Romanization o Ukrainian|translit.]] ''Ternopil’s’ka oblast’''; an aw referred tae as '''[[Ternopil Oblast#Nomenclatur|Ternopilshchyna]]''' - ''{{lang-uk|Тернопільщина}}'') is an [[admeenistrative diveesions o Ukraine|oblast']] (province) o [[Ukraine]]. Its [[Caipital ceety|admeenistrative center]] is [[Ternopil]], throu which flows the [[Seret River]], a tributary o the [[Dnister]]. ==Geography== The aurie o the oblast is 13,800&nbsp;km². The [[Dnister]] forms the soothren mairch wi the [[Chernivtsi Oblast]]. Some o its tributaries flowin throu the oblast are the [[Zbruch River|Zbruch]], the [[Seret River|Seret]] an the [[Strypa River|Strypa]] Rivers. The [[Seret River]], no tae be ramfeeselt wi the [[Siret River]] nor the smawer [[Seret River (Drohobych)|Seret]] in [[Lviv Oblast]], is a left tributary o the Dnister flowin throu the oblast caipital, i.e. [[Ternopil]]. ==Subdiveesions== The Ternopil Oblast is admeenistratively subdividit inte 17 [[raions]] ([[destrict]]s), as well as 1 ceety ([[municipality]]) which is directly subordinate tae the oblast govrenment: [[Ternopil]], the admeenistrative centre o the oblast. [[Image:Ukraine Oblast Ternopil Rajon blank.svg|thumb|right|Raions o the Ternopil Oblast.]] {| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 style="text-align:left; border:1px solid #ddd; font-size:90%; " summary="Raions o the Ternopil Oblast an their caipital ceeties" |+ style="background:#ddd; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:left; font-size:111%; font-weight:bold; padding:.5em 0;" | Raions o the Ternopil Oblast |- style="vertical-align:top;" ! || style="text-align:left; font-weight:normal;" | In Inglis an Scots ! style="text-align:left; font-weight:normal;" | In Ukrainian ! style="text-align:left; font-weight:normal;" | Admeenistrative Center |- style="vertical-align:top;" |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0; " ||| [[Berezhanskyi Raion]] |Бережанський район <br />''Berezhans'kyi raion'' |[[Berezhany]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Borshchivskyi Raion]] |Борщівський район <br />''Borshchivs'kyi raion'' |[[Borshchiv]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0; " ||| [[Buchach Raion]] |Бучацький район <br />''Buchats'kyi raion'' |[[Buchach]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Chortkiv Raion]] |Чортківський район <br />''Chortkivs'kyi raion'' |[[Chortkiv]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0; " ||| [[Husiatyn Raion]] |Гусятинський район <br />''Husiatyns'kyi raion'' |[[Husiatyn]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Kozivskyi Raion]] |Козівський район <br />''Kozivs'kyi raion'' |[[Kozova]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Kremenetskyi Raion]] |Кременецький район <br />''Kremenets'kyi raion'' |[[Kremenets]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Lanivtsi Raion]] |Лановецький район <br />''Lanovets'kyi raion'' |[[Lanivtsi]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Monastyryska Raion]] |Монастириський район <br />''Monastyrys'kyi raion'' |[[Monastyryska]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Pidhaietskyi Raion]] |Підгаєцький район <br />''Pidhayets'kyi raion'' |[[Pidhaitsi]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Pidvolochysk Raion]] |Підволочиський район <br />''Pidvolochys'kyi raion'' |[[Pidvolochysk]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Shumsk Raion]] |Шумський район <br />''Shums'kyi raion'' |[[Shumsk]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Terebovlya Raion]] |Теребовлянський район <br />''Terebovl'ans'kyi raion'' |[[Terebovlya]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Ternopil Raion]] |Тернопільський район <br />''Ternopils'kyi raion'' |[[Ternopil]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Zalishchytskyi Raion]] |Заліщицький район <br />''Zalishchyts'kyi raion'' |[[Zalishchyky]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Zbarazkyi Raion]] |Збаразький район <br />''Zbaraz'kyi raion'' |[[Zbarazh]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Zboriv Raion]] |Зборівський район <br />''Zborivs'kyi raion'' |[[Zboriv]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |} ==See an aw== * [[Subdiveesions o Ukraine]] * [[Leet o Canadian place names o Ukrainian oreegin]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.obl-rada.te.ua/ Ternopil Cooncil wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902053112/http://www.obl-rada.te.ua/ |date=2011-09-02 }} {{Geographic location | Northwest = [[Lviv Oblast]] | North = [[Rivne Oblast]] | Northeast = [[Rivne Oblast]] / [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] | West = [[Lviv Oblast]] / [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] | Centre = Ternopil | East = [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] | Southwest = [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] | South = [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] | Southeast = [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] / [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]]}} {{Commonscat|Ternopil Oblast}} {{Ternopil Oblast}} {{Admeenistrative diveesions o Ukraine}} {{coord|49|23|35|N|25|33|35|E|display=title|source:nlwiki}} [[Category:Ternopil Oblast| ]] [[Category:Oblasts o Ukraine]] [[Category:Galicie (Eastren Europe)]] 8458sob0y99to8ryvlx6ju0qs9jubsd 0 32484 918360 904737 2026-06-19T14:50:32Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918360 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lice''' (pronounced {{IPA-tr|ˈlidʒe|}}) is a destrict o [[Diyarbakır Province]] in [[Turkey]]. The population is 9,644 as o 2010. It is locatit {{convert|90|km|mi|abbr=on}} frae the caipital, [[Diyarbakır]]. The [[Kurdistan Wirkers' Pairty]] or PKK, wis foondit in the veelage o Fis, in Lice destrict on 27 November 1978.[https://web.archive.org/web/20120324230847/http://kicadam.home.xs4all.nl/kurdistan/2_99/ocalan.html] {{Destricts o Turkey|provname=Diyarbakır|image=Diyarbakir|}} {{coord|38|27|N|40|39|E|display=title|region:TR_type:city_source:dewiki}} [[Category:Populatit places in Diyarbakır Province]] naroom7pyyzoa9514sp6mrl1wmi7qey 0 32562 918429 885366 2026-06-20T04:38:32Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Ramadi |other_name = Ar-Ramādī |native_name = {{lang-ar|الرمادي}} <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = |settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City) --> |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = Ramadi Mosque |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |city_logo = |citylogo_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |pushpin_map = Iraq |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: right, top, bottom, none --> |pushpin_map_caption = Ramadi's location inside Iraq |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = Iraq |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = [[Anbar Province]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2004 |population_footnotes=<ref>[http://hhcom1.co.cc/english/anbar.html Web<!-- Bot generated title -->]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |population_note = |population_total = 483,209 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|33|25|11|N|43|18|45|E|region:IQ|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} <!-- Infobox ends --> '''Ramadi''' ({{lang-ar|الرمادي}}; [[United States Board on Geographic Names|BGN]]: '''Ar Ramādī''') is a [[ceety]] in central [[Iraq]], aboot {{convert|110|km|mi|sp=us}} [[wast]] o [[Baghdad]]. It is the caipital o the [[Anbar Province]].<ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iraq/ramadiyah.htm[[jj{{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}]].</ref> The ceety ootstretched tae a distance o mair nor 60 kilometers on the [[Euphrates]], the lairgest ceety in Al-Anbar. ==Population== Ramadi's population haes been statit as 444,582 accordin tae UN data frae 2003.<ref>[http://hhcom1.co.cc/english/anbar.html]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} UN Data. Retrieved 2003</ref> an 483,209 accordin tae UN frae 2004.<ref>[http://hhcom1.co.cc/english/anbar.html]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} UN Data. Retrieved 2004</ref><br /> Housomeivver, accordin tae the umwhile regime thare are aboot 700,000 indwallers.<ref>According to the former regime</ref> Awtho thare wis a lairge Jewish community intae the twintiet century, in the 21st century aw o the indwallers o the ceety are [[Sunni]] Muslims frae the [[Dulaim]] tribe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060614002327/http://www.parapundit.com/archives/003473.html Dulaim]</ref><ref name="MNFI">{{Cite web |url=http://www.mnf-iraq.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1482 |title=Multi-National Force Iraq - Al-Anbar |access-date=2012-03-22 |archive-date=2009-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090902181038/http://www.mnf-iraq.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1482 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://hhcom1.co.cc/english/anbar.html 1]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==History== Ramadi is locatit in a fertile, irrigatit, alluvial plain, athin Iraq's [[Sunni Triangle]].<ref>The anthropology of Iraq, [[Henry Field (anthropologist)|Henry Field]], and Richard A. (Richard Arthur) Martin, Field Museum, 1940, p. 17.</ref> It wis foondit in 1869 unner the [[Ottoman Iraq|Ottoman Empire]]. The main purpose o the ceety wis tae gie the Ottomans a focal pynt tae communicate an control the [[Dulaim]] tribe o the region. {{see|Battle o Ramadi (1917)}} Durin the [[Mesopotamie campaign|Mesopotamie Campaign]] o [[Warld War I]], [[Breetish Empire|Breetish]] forces unner [[Lieutenant General]] [[Frederick Stanley Maude]] teuk Ramadi. In November 1917, Breetish forces focht wha wis left o the Ottoman forces thare. Sir Maude dee'd suin efter Ramadi wis taken. Durin the [[Anglo-Iraqi War]] durin [[Warld War II]], Ramadi wis held bi a brigade-sized unit lyal tae [[Rashid Ali al-Gaylani]]. {{main|Ramadi unner U.S. Military Occupation}} Ramadi wis a focal pynt o resistance tae the [[U.S. occupation o Iraq]] atween 2003 an 2006. ==See an aw== * [[Leet o places in Iraq]] * [[Dulaim|Dulaim Tribe]] ==References== <!-- ---------------------------------------------------------- See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes for a discussion of different citation methods and how to generate footnotes using the <ref>, </ref> and <reference /> tags ----------------------------------------------------------- --> {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == {{Commonscat|Ramadi}} * [http://www.iraqimage.com/pages/browse/Ar_Ramadi.html Iraq Image - Ramadi Satellite Observation]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309010813/http://www.iraqimage.com/pages/browse/Ar_Ramadi.html |date=2012-03-09 }} {{coord|33|25|N|43|18|E|region:IQ_type:city|display=title}} {{Al Anbar ceeties}} {{Destricts o Iraq}} [[Category:Populatit places alang the Silk Road]] [[Category:Populatit places in the Anbar Province]] [[Category:Populatit places on the Euphrates River]] [[Category:Destrict caipitals o Iraq]] 0e5t64seyp6t0seaxhraeittcvqo9p6 0 32629 918397 897633 2026-06-19T23:10:21Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox U.S. state |Name = North Carolina |Fullname = State o North Carolina |Flag = Flag of North Carolina.svg |Flaglink = [[Banner o North Carolina|Banner]] |Seal = Seal of North Carolina.svg |Map = North Carolina in United States.svg |Nickname = Auld North State; {{nowrap|[[Tar Heel]] State}} |Motto = [[Esse quam videri]]: {{nowrap|"Tae be, rather nor tae seem" (offeecial);}} {{nowrap|[[First in flicht|First in Flicht]]}} |Former = Province o North Carolina |LargestCity = [[Charlotte, North Carolina|Charlotte]] |LargestMetro = [[Charlotte metropolitan aurie|Charlotte metro aurie]] |LargestCounty = [[Wake Coonty, North Carolina|Wake]] |Old Capital = [[New Bern 1766, Hillsborogh NC, 1754]] |Capital = [[Raleigh, North Carolina|Raleigh]] |Demonym = North Carolinian (offeecial);<br />[[Tar Heel]] (colloquial) |Governor = [[Roy Cooper]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]]) |Lieutenant Governor = [[Dan Forest]] ([[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|R]]) |Legislature = [[North Carolina General Assembly|General Assembly]] |Upperhouse = [[North Carolina Senate|Senate]] |Lowerhouse = [[North Carolina Hoose o Representatives|Hoose o Representatives]] |Senators = [[Richard Burr]] ([[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|R]])<br />[[Thom Tillis]] ([[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|R]]) |Representative=10 Republicans<br />3 Democrats |PostalAbbreviation = NC |OfficialLang = None (Inglis ''de facto'') |Languages = <small>As o 2000</small> *Inglis 90.70% *Spaingie 6.18%<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.mla.org/map_data_results%26SRVY_YEAR%3D2005%26geo%3Dstate%26state_id%3D37%26county_id%3D%26mode%3Dgeographic%26lang_id%3D%26zip%3D%26place_id%3D%26cty_id%3D%26region_id%3D%26division_id%3D%26ll%3D%26ea%3Dn%26order%3D%26a%3Dn%26pc%3D1 |title= North Carolina |publisher= [[Modern Language Association]] |accessdate= August 11, 2012 |archive-date= 2013-06-04 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130604191459/http://www.mla.org/map_data_results%26SRVY_YEAR%3D2005%26geo%3Dstate%26state_id%3D37%26county_id%3D%26mode%3Dgeographic%26lang_id%3D%26zip%3D%26place_id%3D%26cty_id%3D%26region_id%3D%26division_id%3D%26ll%3D%26ea%3Dn%26order%3D%26a%3Dn%26pc%3D1 |url-status= dead }}</ref> |AreaRank = 28t |TotalAreaUS = 53,819 |TotalArea = 139,390 |LandAreaUS = 48,711 |LandArea = 126,161 |WaterArea = 5,108 |PCWater = 9.5 |PopRank = 9t |2000Pop = 9,943,964 (2014 est)<ref name="PopEstUS">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2014/tables/NST-EST2014-01.csv|format=CSV|title=Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014|date=December 31, 2014|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 31, 2014}}</ref> |DensityRank = 15t |2000DensityUS = 212.2 |2000Density = 82.7 |MedianHouseholdIncome = $54,082<ref name = MHI>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GRTTable?_bm=y&-_box_head_nbr=R1901&-ds_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_&-_lang=en&-format=US-30&-CONTEXT=grt Median Household Income] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106032122/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GRTTable?_bm=y&-_box_head_nbr=R1901&-ds_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_&-_lang=en&-format=US-30&-CONTEXT=grt |date=2012-01-06 }}, from U.S. Census Bureau (from 2007 American Community Survey), [[U.S. Census Bureau]]. Retrieved April 9, 2009.</ref> |IncomeRank = 38t<ref name = MHI/> |AdmittanceOrder = 12t |AdmittanceDate = November 21, 1789 |TimeZone = [[Eastren Time Zone (North Americae)|Eastren]]: [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] [[Eastren Time Zone|-5]]/[[Eastren Daylicht Time|-4]] |Latitude = 33° 50′ N to 36° 35′ N |Longitude = 75° 28′ W to 84° 19′ W |WidthUS = 150 |Width = 241 |LengthUS = 560<ref>{{cite web |date=May 8, 2006 |url=http://www.secretary.state.nc.us/kidspg/geog.htm |title=North Carolina Climate and Geography |work=NC Kids Page |publisher=North Carolina Department of the Secretary of State |accessdate=November 7, 2006 |archive-date=2006-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061104080337/http://www.secretary.state.nc.us/kidspg/geog.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Length = 901 |HighestPoint = [[Moont Mitchell (North Carolina)|Moont Mitchell]]<ref name=USGS>{{cite web|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html|title=Elevations and Distances in the United States|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|year=2001|accessdate=October 24, 2011|archive-date=2009-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201060818/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=NAVD88>Elevation adjusted to [[North American Vertical Datum of 1988]].</ref> |HighestElevUS = 6,684 |HighestElev = 2037 |MeanElevUS = 700 |MeanElev = 210 |LowestPoint = [[Atlantic Ocean]]<ref name=USGS/> |LowestElevUS = 0 |LowestElev = 0 |ISOCode = US-NC |ElectoralVotes = 15 |Website = www.nc.gov }} '''North Carolina''' is a state in the [[Unitit States]] o [[Americae]], on the east coast. Nor Carolina haes the 10t maist indwallers o aa the States o the U.S., an is the 28t lairgest state bi aurie. The state is dividit intae [[Leet o coonties in North Carolina|100 coonties]]. The caipital is [[Raleigh, North Carolina|Raleigh]], that alang wi [[Durham, North Carolina|Durham]] an [[Chapel Hill, North Carolina|Chapel Hill]] is hame tae the lairgest resairch pairk in the [[Unitit States]] ([[Research Triangle Park]]). The maist populous municipality is [[Charlotte, North Carolina|Charlotte]], that is the third lairgest bankin centre in the Unitit States efter [[New York City]] an [[San Francisco]].<ref name="Charlotte Observer 2017-05-23">{{cite news |last=Roberts |first=Deon |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/charlotte/blog/bank_notes/2012/09/so-how-did-charlotte-become-a-banking.html |title=Goodbye Bragging Rights: Charlotte's no longer the No. 2 U.S. Banking Center |publisher=The Charlotte Observer |date=May 23, 2017 |accessdate=September 4, 2017}}</ref> The state haes a wide range o elevations, frae sea level on the coast tae {{convert|6684|ft}} at [[Munt Mitchell]], the heichest pynt in North Americae east o the [[Mississippi River]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ncparks.gov/Visit/parks/momi/history.php|title=Mount Mitchell State Park " History|accessdate=November 7, 2010|archive-date=2010-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101120185237/http://www.ncparks.gov/Visit/parks/momi/history.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> The climate o the coastal plains is strangly influenced bi the Atlantic Ocean. Maist o the state faws in the [[humid subtropical climate]] zone. Mair nor {{convert|300|mi|km|-2}} frae the coast, the wastren, muntainous pairt of the state haes a [[subtropical hieland climate]]. == References == {{reflist|30em}} == Freemit airtins == ;State govrenment * [http://www.nc.gov/ {{PAGENAME}} state govrenment wabsteid] {{Commonscat|North Carolina}} == Relatit information == <gallery perrow="5"> Image:The Biltmore, NC.jpg Image:Woolworth building 25 Haywood Street, Asheville NC.JPG Image:Alamance County Courthouse and Confederate Memorial from NE Corner.jpg </gallery> {{Coord|display=title|35.5|N|80|W|region:US-NC_type:adm1st_scale:3000000}} {{Navboxes |title= [[File:Nuvola apps kpdf2.png|25px]] Topics relatit tae {{PAGENAME}} |state=off |list1=</span> {{{{PAGENAME}}|expanded}} {{Unitit States poleetical diveesions}} {{Unitit States topics}} }} {{Stub/USA}} [[Category:North Carolina| ]] [[Category:States o the Unitit States]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1789]] po1cvlte52scgok1ooh323igay6lokc 0 32948 918353 885460 2026-06-19T14:33:31Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918353 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Flag of Turkey.svg|thumb|[[Banner o Turkey]]]] This is a '''leet o ceities in [[Turkey]]''' bi [[population]], which includes ceities that are [[Provinces o Turkey|provincial caipitals]] or hae a population o at least 7,000. == Ceities wi mair nor 7,000 inhabitants == Ceities wi a population o ower 7,000 indwallers accordin tae the Address-Based Birth Recordin Seestem data frae 31 December 2007 are leetit in the followin table, alang wi the results o the [[census]]es frae 21 October 1990 an 22 October 2000, as well as the [[Provinces o Turkey|provinces]] in which the ceities are locatit. The nummers o indwallers refer tae the actual ceity, nae includin suburban areas. [[File:Ido2.JPG|thumb|[[Istanbul]], lairgest ceity in Turkey.]] [[File:Ankara Kizilay square.JPG|thumb|[[Ankara]], seicont-lairgest ceity an caipital o Turkey.]] [[File:Izmir coast.jpg|thumb|[[Izmir]], third lairgest ceity an largest ceity in the [[Aegean Region]].]] [[File:Bursa-11.jpg|thumb|[[Bursa]], fowert lairgest ceity an umwhile Ottoman caipital]] [[File:Adana1.jpg|thumb|[[Adana]], fift lairgest ceity an lairgest ceity in the [[Mediterranean Region]]]] [[File:Hospital in Gaziantep 2008.jpg|thumb|[[Gaziantep]], saxt lairgest ceity an lairgest in the [[Sootheastren Anatolie Region]]]] [[File:A view of Avenue Nalçacı in Konya.jpg|thumb|[[Konya]], sevent lairgest ceity an umwhile Seljuk caipital]] [[File:Konyaalti Beach Antalya.jpg|thumb|[[Antalya]], aicht lairgest ceity in Turkey.]] [[File:Kadir Has Kongre ve Spor Merkezi Kayseri.jpg|thumb|[[Kayseri]], nint lairgest ceity in Turkey]] [[File:Atakent Susanoğlu Mersin Province.JPG|thumb|[[Mersin]], tent lairgest ceity in Turkey]] [[File:Fiume Eskisehir.jpg|thumb|[[Eskişehir]], elevent lairgest ceity in Turkey]] [[File:Seyrangeha Parkormanê Amed 2010.JPG|thumb|[[Diyarbakır]], twelft-lairgest ceity o [[Turkey]]]] [[File:Atatürk02.jpg|thumb|[[Samsun]], thirteent lairgest ceity an lairgest in the [[Black Sea Region]]]] [[File:Denizli belediyesi.jpg|thumb|[[Denizli]], fowerteent lairgest ceity an maist successful [[Anatolie Tiger]]]] [[File:Balıklıgöl Urfa2.jpg|thumb|[[Şanlıurfa]]]] [[File:44 malatya panorama.JPG|thumb|[[Malatya]] seventeent lairgest ceity an lairgest in the [[Eastren Anatolie Region]]]] [[File:Kahramanmaraş.jpg|thumb|[[Kahramanmaraş]]]] [[File:Erzurum Cumhuriyet Caddesi3.jpg|thumb|[[Erzurum]]]] [[File:IskenderunShorelineWithMountain092012.jpg|thumb|[[İskenderun]] in [[Hatay]]]] [[File:Edirne 7333 Nevit.JPG|thumb|[[Selimiye Mosque]] in [[Edirne]]]] {| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:right;" |- style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" || '''Rank''' || style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| '''Ceity''' || style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| '''1990 Census''' || style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| '''2000 Census''' || style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| '''2007 Estimate''' || style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| '''2008 Estimate'''|| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| '''2009 Estimate'''|| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| '''Province (''İl'')''' |- |1 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Istanbul]] || 6,629,431 || 8,803,468 || 10,861,463 || 10,878,360 || 12,829,960 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Istanbul Province|İstanbul]] |- |2 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ankara]] || 2,583,963 || 3,203,362 || 3,842,737 || 3,894,182 || 4,306,105 || style="text-align:left;"|[[Ankara Province|Ankara]] |- |3 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Izmir]] || 1,758,780 || 2,232,265 || 2,644,531 || 2,672,126 || 3,276,815 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] |- |4 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa]] || 834,576 || 1,194,687 || 1,537,040 || 1,589,530 || 1,854,285 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa Province|Bursa]] |- |5 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adana]] || 916,150 || 1,130,710 || 1,506,272 || 1,517,787 || 1,563,545 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adana Province|Adana]] |- |6 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gaziantep]] || 603,434 || 853,513 || 1,192,023 || 1,235,815 || 1,495,050 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gaziantep Province|Gaziantep]] |- |7 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya]] || 513,346 || 742,690 || 973,791 || 980,973 || 1,003,373 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |8 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya]] || 378,208 || 603,190 || 877,945 || 911,497 || 955,573 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |9 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kayseri]] || 425,776 || 536,392 || 775,594 || 781,119 || 911,984 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kayseri Province|Kayseri]] |- |10 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin]] || 481,459 || 633,691 || 692,300 || 696,518 || 842,230 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |11 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eskişehir]] || 413,082 || 482,793 || 581,408 || 599,796 || 617,215 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eskişehir Province|Eskişehir]] |- |12 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır]] || 373,810 || 545,963 || 613,332 || 613,821 || 614,310 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |13 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun]] || 322,982 || 388,509 || 459,781 || 461,640 || 511,601 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |14 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli]] || 237,918 || 357,557 || 465,947 || 479,381 || 492,815 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli Province|Denizli]] |- |15 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa]] || 276,528 || 385,588 || 472,238 || 468,993 || 465,748 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |16 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adapazarı]] || 272,039 || 283,752 || 382,226 || 548,120 || 399,022 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sakarya Province|Sakarya]] |- |17 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya]] || 270,412 || 381,081 || 419,212 || 411,181 || 388,590 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |18 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş]] || 228,129 || 326,198 || 380,805 || 385,672 || 384,953 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |19 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzurum]] || 242,391 || 361,235 || 361,160 || 359,752 || 358,344 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzurum Province|Erzurum]] |- |20 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van, Turkey|Van]] || 155,623 || 284,464 || 331,986 || 342,139 || 352,292 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |21 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Batman, Turkey|Batman]] || 147,347 || 246,678 || 293,024 || 298,342 || 313,355 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Batman Province|Batman]] |- |22 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Elâzığ]] || 204,603 || 266,495 || 319,381 || 312,584 || 305,787 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Elâzığ Province|Elâzığ]] |- |23 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmit]] || 190,741 || 195,699 || 285,470 || 287,970 || 293,339|| style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |24 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa]] || 158,928 || 214,949 || 281,890 || 278,967 || 291,374 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |25 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivas]] || 223,115 || 251,776 || 294,402 || 288,693 || 282,984 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] |- |26 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gebze]] || 159,116 || 253,487 || 270,614 || 274,271 || 282,444 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |27 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir]] || 170,589 || 215,436 || 241,404 || 247,072 || 259,157 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |28 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tarsus (ceity)|Tarsus]] || 187,508 || 216,382 || 229,921 || 228,471 || 227,021 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |29 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kütahya]] || 130,944 || 166,665 || 212,934 || 202,118 || 212,444 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kütahya Province|Kütahya]] |- |30 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon]] || 161,886 || 214,949 || 230,693 || 220,860 || 211,027 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |31 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çorum]] || 116,810 || 161,321 || 202,322 || 206,572 || 210,822 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çorum Province|Çorum]] |- |32 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çorlu]] || 74,681 || 141,525 || 190,792 || 200,577 || 210,362 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |33 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adıyaman]] || 100,045 || 178,538 || 191,627 || 193,250 || 198,433 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adıyaman Province|Adıyaman]] |- |34 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Osmaniye]] || 122,307 || 173,977 || 180,477 || 189,112 || 197,747 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Osmaniye Province|Osmaniye]] |- |35 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırıkkale]] || 185,431 || 205,078 || 193,526 || 192,341 || 192,705 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırıkkale Province|Kırıkkale]] |- |36 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antakya]] || 123,871 || 144,910 || 186,243 || 188,310 || 190,377 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |37 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın]] || 107,011 || 143,267 || 168,216 || 171,242 || 179,425 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |38 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İskenderun]] || 154,807 || 159,149 || 177,294 || 176,374 || 175,454 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |39 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Uşak]] || 105,270 || 137,001 || 172,709 || 173,053 || 173,397 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Uşak Province|Uşak]] |- |40 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aksaray]] || 90,698 || 129,949 || 153,570 || 161,323 || 171,423 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aksaray Province|Aksaray]] |- |41 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon]] || 95,643 || 128,516 || 159,967 || 163,207 || 170,455 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |42 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Isparta]] || 112,117 || 148,496 || 184,735 || 175,815 || 166,895 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Isparta Province|Isparta]] |- |43 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İnegöl]] || 73,258 || 119,710 || 154,698 || 158,575 || 162,452 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa Province|Bursa]] |- |44 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ]] || 80,442 || 107,191 || 133,322 || 137,962 || 142,602 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |45 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Edirne]] || 102,345 || 119,298 || 136,070 || 138,222 || 140,374 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Edirne Province|Edirne]] |- |46 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Darıca]] || 53,559 || 85,818 || 109,580 || 135,966 || 140,302 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |47 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu]] || 102,107 || 112,525 || 134,005 || 132,280 || 135,878 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |48 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karaman]] || 76,525 || 105,384 || 122,809 || 127,192 || 132,064 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karaman Province|Karaman]] |- |49 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gölcük, Kocaeli|Gölcük]] || 104,234 || 103,996 || 127,206 || 130,141 || 129,713 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |50 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Siirt]] || 68,320 || 98,281 || 117,599 || 122,463 || 127,327 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Siirt Province|Siirt]] |- |51 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Körfez, Kocaeli|Körfez]] || 78,707 || 99,322 || 119,383 || 125,012 || 126,616 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |52 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kızıltepe]] || 60,134 || 113,143 || 127,148 || 125,455 || 123,762 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |53 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Düzce]] || 65,209 || 56,649 || 117,605 || 119,410 || 121,215 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Düzce Province|Düzce]] |- |54 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tokat]] || 83,058 || 113,100 || 127,988 || 124,496 || 121,004 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tokat Province|Tokat]] |- |55 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bolu]] || 61,509 || 84,565 || 120,188 || 120,001 || 120,021 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bolu Province|Bolu]] |- |56 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Derince]] || 66,141 || 93,997 || 113,991 || 118,130 || 119,704 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |57 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turgutlu]] || 73,634 || 93,727 || 111,166 || 114,483 || 117,800 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |58 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bandırma]] || 77,444 || 97,419 || 110,248 || 111,494 || 112,740 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |59 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nazilli]] || 80,277 || 105,665 || 105,675 || 108,056 || 110,437 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |60 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırşehir]] || 73,538 || 88,105 || 99,832 || 101,333 || 105,826 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırşehir Province|Kırşehir]] |- |61 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Niğde]] || 55,035 || 78,088 || 100,418 || 100,418 || 105,702 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Niğde Province|Niğde]] |- |62 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zonguldak]] || 117,975 || 104,276 || 107,354 || 105,979 || 104,604 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |63 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ceyhan]] || 85,308 || 108,602 || 103,800 || 102,040 || 104,542 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adana Province|Adana]] |- |64 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karabük]] || 105,373 || 100,749 || 108,994 || 106,148 || 103,302 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karabük Province|Karabük]] |- |65 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Siverek]] || 63,049 || 126,820 || 108,094 || 105,475 || 102,856 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |66 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Akhisar]] || 73,944 || 81,510 || 96,393 || 99,423 || 102,453 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |67 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Lüleburgaz]] || 52,384 || 79,002 || 95,466 || 98,128 || 100,790 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırklareli Province|Kırklareli]] |- |68 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karadeniz Ereğli|Ereğli]] || 66,859 || 79,486 || 94,736 || 98,545 || 99,298 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |69 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ağrı]] || 58,038 || 79,764 || 97,839 || 91,817 || 99,276 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ağrı Province|Ağrı]] |- |70 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Polatlı]] || 60,158 || 79,992 || 91,166 || 89,024 || 96,812 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ankara]] |- |71 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Rize]] || 52,743 || 78,144 || 94,800 || 91,904 || 96,503 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Rize Province|Rize]] |- |72 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Salihli]] || 70,861 || 83,137 || 96,594 || 96,449 || 96,304 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |73 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ereğli, Konya|Ereğli]] || 74,283 || 82,633 || 94,542 || 93,161 || 95,058 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |74 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Cizre]] || 50,023 || 69,591 || 90,477 || 94,076|| 94,835 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şırnak Province|Şırnak]] |- |74 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nizip]] || 58,604 || 71,629 || 91,486 || 93,101 || 94,835 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gaziantep Province|Gaziantep]] |- |76 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale]] || 53,995 || 75,180 || 86,544 || 90,653 || 94,762 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]] |- |77 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yalova]] || 65,823 || 70,118 || 87,372 || 91,047 || 94,722 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yalova Province|Yalova]] |- |78 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Alanya]] || 52,460 || 88,346 || 91,713 || 92,223 || 94,316 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |79 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun]] || 67,604 || 83,636 || 89,241 || 90,034 || 90,827 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |80 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Viranşehir]] || 57,461 || 121,382 || 100,929 || 87,605 || 89,940 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |81 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bingöl]] || 41,590 || 68,876 || 86,511 || 86,113 || 89,224 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bingöl Province|Bingöl]] |- |82 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Amasya]] || 57,087 || 74,393 || 85,851 || 82,200 || 86,667 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Amasya Province|Amasya]] |- |83 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kastamonu]] || 51,560 || 64,606 || 80,582 || 80,946 || 86,085 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kastamonu Province|Kastamonu]] |- |84 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Elbistan]] || 54,741 || 71,500 || 82,238 || 81,239 || 85,642 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |85 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzincan]] || 91,772 || 107,175 || 86,779 || 86,051 || 85,323 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzincan]] |- |86 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nevşehir]] || 52,719 || 67,864 || 81,688 || 81,899 || 84,631 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nevşehir Province|Nevşehir]] |- |87 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nusaybin]] || 49,671 || 74,110 || 88,296 || 84,372 || 83,832 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |88 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kartepe]] || 42,080 || 64,262 || 74,774 || 80,221 || 82,551 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |89 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çayırova]] || 7,800 || 24,825 || 45,085 || 78,430 || 82,494 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |90 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin]] || 53,005 || 65,072 || 82,134 || 81,269 || 82,449 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |91 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manavgat]] || 38,498 || 71,679 || 75,163 || 76,605 || 81,903 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |92 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bafra]] || 65,600 || 83,733 || 85,325 || 82,593 || 79,861 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |93 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kilis]] || 84,077 || 77,670 || 77,706 || 78,698 || 79,690 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kilis Province|Kilis]] |- |94 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kadirli]] || 55,061 || 65,227 || 77,379 || 76,976 || 78,964 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Osmaniye Province|Osmaniye]] |- |95 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kars]] || 78,455 || 78,473 || 76,992 || 75,291 || 76,729 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kars Province|Kars]] |- |96 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Iğdır]] || 38,917 || 59,880 || 75,927 || 75,824 || 75,721 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Iğdır Province|Iğdır]] |- |97 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ünye]] || 45,716 || 61,552 || 72,867 || 72,080 || 74,806 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |98 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kozan, Adana|Kozan]] || 54,451 || 75,833 || 72,463 || 72,727 || 74,521 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adana Province|Adana]] |- |99 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Soma]] || 49,977 || 60,674 || 70,683 || 73,027 || 74,158 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |100 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Silopi]] || 23,430 || 51,199 || 70,670 || 73,603 || 73,400 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şırnak Province|Şırnak]] |- |101 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ödemiş]] || 51,620 || 61,896 || 71,219 || 71,480 || 73,330 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] |- |102 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muş]] || 44,019 || 67,927 || 70,509 || 69,507 || 72,774 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muş Province|Muş]] |- |103 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Burdur]] || 56,432 || 63,363 || 70,157 || 66,182 || 71,611 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Burdur Province|Burdur]] |- |104 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat]] || 50,335 || 73,930 || 72,183 || 71,768 || 71,353 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |105 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Fethiye]] || 37,466 || 50,689 || 66,271 || 68,285 || 70,299 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |106 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erciş]] || 40,481 || 70,881 || 77,464 || 73,733 || 70,002 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |107 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çerkezköy]] || 23,102 || 41,638 || 60,907 || 67,617 || 69,875 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |108 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Dörtyol]] || 47,144 || 53,597 || 66,082 || 67,430 || 68,778 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |109 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çankırı]] || 45,496 || 62,508 || 68,596 || 67,588 || 66,580 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çankırı Province|Çankırı]] |- |110 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırıkhan]] || 68,601 || 63,615 || 70,543 || 68,212 || 65,881 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |111 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Söke]] || 50,866 || 62,384 || 66,156 || 65,974 || 65,792 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |112 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırklareli]] || 43,017 || 53,221 || 59,970 || 61,880 || 64,265 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırklareli Province|Kırklareli]] |- |113 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hakkâri]] || 30,407 || 58,145 || 57,954 || 60,891 || 63,828 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hakkâri Province|Hakkâri]] |- |114 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şırnak]] || 25,059 || 52,743 || 54,302 || 59,435 || 63,664 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şırnak Province|Şırnak]] |- |115 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Doğubeyazıt]] || 35,213 || 56,261 || 69,414 || 66,423 || 63,432 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ağrı Province|Ağrı]] |- |116 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Başiskele]] || 31,167 || 49,855 || 59,993 || 61,720 || 62,663 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |117 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kuşadası]] || 31,911 || 47,661 || 54,663 || 58,650 || 62,637 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |118 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ergani]] || 37,365 || 47,333 || 61,973 || 62,287 || 62,601 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |119 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tavşanlı]] || 38,214 || 47,224 || 61,841 || 62,040 || 62,239 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kütahya Province|Kütahya]] |- |120 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla]] || 35,605 || 43,845 || 52,918 || 56,619 || 61,550 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |121 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turhal]] || 69,079 || 95,536 || 63,181 || 62,352 || 61,523 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tokat Province|Tokat]] |- |122 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yüksekova]] || 28,909 || 59,662 || 59,410 || 60,296 || 61,182 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hakkâri Province|Hakkâri]] |- |123 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tatvan]] || 54,071 || 66,748 || 55,033 || 57,976 || 60,919 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bitlis Province|Bitlis]] |- |124 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Reyhanlı]] || 42,451 || 52,135 || 60,073 || 60,418 || 60,763 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |125 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahta]] || 42,183 || 60,689 || 59,570 || 59,665 || 59,760 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adıyaman Province|Adıyaman]] |- |126 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Akşehir]] || 51,746 || 60,226 || 63,472 || 60,765 || 58,058 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |127 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bergama]] || 42,554 || 52,173 || 58,212 || 57,947 || 57,682 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] |- |128 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erbaa]] || 33,554 || 45,595 || 56,810 || 57,210 || 57,610 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tokat Province|Tokat]] |- |129 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bozüyük]] || 33,162 || 47,469 || 54,422 || 55,985 || 57,548 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bilecik Province|Bilecik]] |- |130 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çarşamba]] || 38,863 || 49,189 || 60,714 || 58,966 || 57,218 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |131 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mustafakemalpaşa]] || 37,938 || 46,731 || 55,818 || 56,490 || 57,162 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa Province|Bursa]] |- |132 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Patnos]] || 33,759 || 71,829 || 67,121 || 62,068 || 57,015 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ağrı Province|Ağrı]] |- |133 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Orhangazi]] || 31,889 || 44,426 || 53,189 || 54,333 || 55,477 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa Province|Bursa]] |- |134 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bismil]] || 39,834 || 61,162 || 57,359 || 56,390 || 55,421 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |135 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sorgun]] || 31,179 || 53,884 || 44,027 || 49,528 || 55,029 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |136 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Keşan]] || 40,656 || 42,755 || 54,366 || 54,189 || 54,012 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Edirne Province|Edirne]] |- |137 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Midyat]] || 29,569 || 56,669 || 56,340 || 54,799 || 53,258 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |138 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Merzifon]] || 40,431 || 45,613 || 52,050 || 52,192 || 52,334 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Amasya Province|Amasya]] |- |139 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bartın]] || 31,974 || 35,992 || 47,082 || 47,999 || 51,640 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bartın Province|Bartın]] |- |140 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kapaklı]] || 6,142 || 27,209 || 41,956 || 46,760 || 51,564 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |141 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Milas]] || 28,741 || 38,063 || 48,896 || 50,141 || 51,386 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |142 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karacabey]] || 31,665 || 40,624 || 52,016 || 51,642 || 51,268 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa Province|Bursa]] |- |143 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Suruç]] || 40,395 || 44,421 || 64,765 || 57,878 || 50,991 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |144 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Edremit, Balıkesir|Edremit]] || 35,486 || 39,202 || 47,383 || 49,122 || 50,861 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |145 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tire, Turkey|Tire]] || 37,855 || 42,988 || 48,565 || 49,451 || 50,337 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] |- |146 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Fatsa]] || 39,467 || 63,721 || 68,917 || 59,094 || 49,271 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |147 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Silifke]] || 46,858 || 64,827 || 52,961 || 50,327 || 47,693 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |148 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Alaşehir]] || 36,649 || 39,590 || 45,971 || 46,544 || 47,117 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |149 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Didim]] || 11,378 || 25,699 || 31,746 || 39,183 || 46,620 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |150 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Serik]] || 23,106 || 30,579 || 49,027 || 47,784 || 46,541 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |151 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bilecik]] || 23,273 || 34,105 || 45,126 || 39,453 || 46,403|| style="text-align:left;"| [[Bilecik Province|Bilecik]] |- |152 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karamürsel]] || 24,462 || 29,353 || 44,121 || 44,925 || 46,132 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |153 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bitlis]] || 38,130 || 44,923 || 43,359 || 41,404 || 46,062 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bitlis Province|Bitlis]] |- |154 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Birecik]] || 28,440 || 40,054 || 46,304 || 46,020 || 45,736 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |155 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karaköprü]] || 2,719 || 13,227 || 22,782 || 34,098 || 45,414 || style="text-align:left;"|[[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |156 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samandağ]] || 29,857 || 34,641 || 42,012 || 43,528 || 45,044 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |157 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erdemli]] || 30,042 || 40,175 || 43,721 || 43,647 || 43,573 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |158 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ceylanpınar]] || 33,238 || 44,258 || 43,890 || 43,718 || 43,546 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |159 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gönen]] || 26,849 || 36,263 || 41,811 || 42,428 || 43,045 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |160 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Dilovası]] || 18,590 || 28,890 || 40,201 || 41,455 || 41,643 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |161 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Düziçi]] || 31,813 || 39,097 || 39,162 || 40,271 || 41,380 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Osmaniye Province|Osmaniye]] |- |162 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Uzunköprü]] || 34,741 || 36,162 || 41,907 || 41,165 || 40,423 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Edirne Province|Edirne]] |- |163 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Biga, Çanakkale|Biga]] || 20,753 || 27,549 || 33,509 || 36,469 || 39,429 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]] |- |164 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Seydişehir]] || 42,737 || 48,372 || 37,763 || 38,487 || 39,211 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |165 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Silvan, Turkey|Silvan]] || 60,731 || 64,136 || 47,105 || 42,736 || 38,367 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |166 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afşin]] || 28,524 || 35,834 || 38,625 || 38,409 || 38,193 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |167 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Burhaniye]] || 21,805 || 31,227 || 36,696 || 37,415 || 38,134 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |168 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Suluova]] || 36,223 || 42,715 || 37,235 || 37,266 || 37,297 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Amasya Province|Amasya]] |- |169 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bucak, Burdur|Bucak]] || 27,407 || 28,833 || 35,621 || 35,843 || 36,065 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Burdur Province|Burdur]] |- |170 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sinop, Turkey|Sinop]] || 25,537 || 30,502 || 34,755 || 35,393 || 36,031 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sinop Province|Sinop]] |- |171 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Develi]] || 32,961 || 35,084 || 36,121 || 36,072 || 36,023 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kayseri Province|Kayseri]] |- |172 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bulancak]] || 24,172 || 32,182 || 37,021 || 36,505 || 35,989 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |173 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bor, Niğde|Bor]] || 24,556 || 29,804 || 35,151 || 35,532 || 35,913 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Niğde Province|Niğde]] |- |174 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Safranbolu]] || 24,351 || 31,697 || 38,334 || 37,092 || 35,850 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karabük Province|Karabük]] |- |175 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Akçaabat]] || 26,240 || 39,102 || 36,289 || 35,868 || 35,447 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |176 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ayvalık]] || 25,687 || 31,986 || 34,651 || 34,968 || 35,285 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |177 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Marmaris]] || 16,361 || 28,660 || 28,171 || 31,450 || 34,729 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |178 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Payas]] || 33,443 || 30,140 || 32,587 || 33,547 || 34,507 || style="text-align:left;"|[[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |179 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sungurlu]] || 30,521 || 35,397 || 34,227 || 34,211 || 34,195 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çorum Province|Çorum]] |- |180 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Beypazarı]] || 26,225 || 34,441 || 34,496 || 34,319 || 34,142 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ankara]] |- |181 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zile]] || 46,090 || 52,640 || 36,154 || 35,017 || 33,880 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tokat Province|Tokat]] |- |182 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kozlu, Zonguldak|Kozlu]] || 36,947 || 30,000 || 35,132 || 34,182 || 33,232 || style="text-align:left;"|[[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |183 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sandıklı]] || 22,359 || 37,804 || 33,856 || 33,371 || 32,886 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |184 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bodrum]] || 20,931 || 32,227 || 28,575 || 30,688 || 32,801 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |185 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bayburt]] || 33,677 || 32,285 || 32,546 || 32,020 || 32,141 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bayburt Province|Bayburt]] |- |186 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Anamur]] || 38,817 || 49,948 || 35,789 || 33,935 || 32,081 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |187 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karapınar]] || 26,849 || 35,285 || 31,913 || 31,695 || 31,477 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |188 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Niksar]] || 35,201 || 44,808 || 34,262 || 32,675 || 31,088 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tokat Province|Tokat]] |- |189 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Terme]] || 20,381 || 25,052 || 28,411 || 29,693 || 30,975 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |190 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ilgın]] || 25,032 || 26,698 || 31,178 || 30,892 || 30,606 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |191 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İslahiye]] || 34,607 || 38,770 || 31,963 || 31,204 || 30,445 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gaziantep Province|Gaziantep]] |- |192 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Beyşehir]] || 30,412 || 41,312 || 32,799 || 31,598 || 30,397 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |193 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzin, Turkey|Erzin]] || 22,477 || 25,879 || 30,035 || 30,137 || 30,239 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |194 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bolvadin]] || 44,969 || 52,398 || 31,352 || 30,754 || 30,156 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |195 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tunceli]] || 24,513 || 25,041 || 27,091 || 28,586 || 30,081 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tunceli Province|Tunceli]] |- |196 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yenişehir, Bursa|Yenişehir]] || 21,210 || 26,068 || 28,454 || 29,128 || 29,802 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa Province|Bursa]] |- |197 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yerköy]] || 26,248 || 32,228 || 31,197 || 30,335 || 29,473 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |198 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çumra]] || 28,781 || 42,308 || 28,153 || 28,798 || 29,443 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |199 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karasu]] || 14,500 || 24,672 || 25,607 || 27,257 || 28,907 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sakarya Province|Sakarya]] |- |200 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Babaeski]] || 22,823 || 25,559 || 27,631 || 28,200 || 28,769 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırklareli Province|Kırklareli]] |- |201 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malkara]] || 20,180 || 24,898 || 27,416 || 27,997 || 28,578 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |202 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çan]] || 23,855 || 28,878 || 29,172 || 28,835 || 28,498 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]] |- |203 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kumluca]] || 17,166 || 25,081 || 31,581 || 30,015 || 28,449 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |204 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kurtalan]] || 17,295 || 24,865 || 27,561 || 28,004 || 28,447 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Siirt Province|Siirt]] |- |205 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ortaca]] || 12,109 || 16,923 || 21,634 || 25,009 || 28,384 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |206 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şereflikoçhisar]] || 38,248 || 42,083 || 27,048 || 27,602 || 28,156 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ankara]] |- |207 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Pazarcık]] || 25,154 || 24,374 || 29,339 || 28,582 || 27,825 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |208 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mut]] || 17,600 || 36,482 || 31,520 || 29,477 || 27,434 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |209 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gölbaşı, Adıyaman|Gölbaşı]] || 29,588 || 28,656 || 26,993 || 27,087 || 27,181 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adıyaman Province|Adıyaman]] |- |210 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tosya]] || 22,810 || 23,257 || 26,841 || 26,956 || 27,071 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kastamonu Province|Kastamonu]] |- |211 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Vezirköprü]] || 20,663 || 23,211 || 25,852 || 25,894 || 25,936 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |212 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Boyabat]] || 21,506 || 24,681 || 25,885 || 25,694 || 25,503 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sinop Province|Sinop]] |- |213 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Osmancık]] || 21,347 || 28,423 || 25,206 || 25,227 || 25,248 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çorum Province|Çorum]] |- |214 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Besni]] || 26,076 || 36,123 || 24,996 || 25,083 || 25,170 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adıyaman Province|Adıyaman]] |- |215 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sarıkamış]] || 21,743 || 23,236 || 17,915 || 21,438 || 24,961 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kars Province|Kars]] |- |216 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Simav]] || 16,110 || 28,415 || 25,677 || 25,149 || 24,621 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kütahya Province|Kütahya]] |- |217 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Dinar, Turkey|Dinar]] || 34,990 || 35,424 || 24,340 || 24,475 || 24,610 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |218 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Artvin]] || 20,306 || 23,157 || 24,502 || 23,527 || 24,468 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Artvin Province|Artvin]] |- |219 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gümüşhane]] || 26,014 || 30,270 || 28,028 || 26,238 || 24,448 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gümüşhane Province|Gümüşhane]] |- |220 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Susurluk]] || 18,906 || 22,305 || 23,778 || 24,050 || 24,322 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |221 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Akçakale]] || 15,211 || 32,114 || 26,877 || 25,595 || 24,313 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |222 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kilimli]] || 34,475 || 24,626 || 24,275 || 24,141 || 24,007 || style="text-align:left;"|[[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |223 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Harbiye, Antakya|Harbiye]] || 17,248 || 20,309 || 24,500 || 24,147 || 23,794 || style="text-align:left;"|[[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |224 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İdil]] || 12,905 || 19,123 || 21,329 || 22,496 || 23,663 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şırnak Province|Şırnak]] |- |225 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ardeşen]] || 17,340 || 45,392 || 26,762 || 24,965 || 23,168 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Rize Province|Rize]] |- |226 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Dalaman]] || 15,025 || 17,607 || 20,945 || 22,046 || 23,147 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |227 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gelibolu]] || 18,670 || 23,127 || 31,246 || 27,160 || 23,074 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]] |- |228 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erdek]] || 13,246 || 18,626 || 20,475 || 21,660 || 22,845 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |229 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gazipaşa]] || 13,697 || 16,536 || 20,149 || 21,415 || 22,681 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |230 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Akçakoca]] || 13,582 || 25,560 || 22,416 || 22,522 || 22,628 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Düzce Province|Düzce]] |- |231 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çaycuma]] || 16,303 || 18,734 || 21,259 || 21,905 || 22,551 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |232 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çeşme]] || 20,622 || 25,257 || 17,950 || 20,247 || 22,544 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] |- |233 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kemer]] || 8,449 || 17,255 || 16,263 || 19,342 || 22,421 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |234 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Belen, Hatay|Belen]] || 15,629 || 18,646 || 20,303 || 21,293 || 22,283 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |235 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Saray, Tekirdağ|Saray]] || 13,038 || 17,769 || 20,312 || 21,243 || 22,174 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |236 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İznik]] || 17,232 || 20,169 || 22,179 || 22,170 || 22,161 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa Province|Bursa]] |- |237 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Alaca]] || 20,646 || 24,983 || 22,590 || 22,373 || 22,156 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çorum Province|Çorum]] |- |238 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gerede]] || 18,780 || 25,188 || 23,310 || 22,633 || 21,956 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bolu Province|Bolu]] |- |239 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Devrek]] || 16,442 || 21,360 || 25,463 || 23,654 || 21,845 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |240 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Akdağmadeni]] || 12,220 || 20,312 || 25,647 || 23,631 || 21,615 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |241 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kaman (District), Kırşehir|Kaman]] || 26,038 || 27,962 || 21,118 || 21,358 || 21,598 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırşehir Province|Kırşehir]] |- |242 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Serinyol]] || 13,046 || 15,749 || 12,517 || 16,861 || 21,205 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |243 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kozluk]] || 22,499 || 27,109 || 21,651 || 21,380 || 21,109 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Batman Province|Batman]] |- |244 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bulanık]] || 14,988 || 24,020 || 20,727 || 20,889 || 21,051 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muş Province|Muş]] |- |245 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sarıkaya]] || 12,275 || 22,102 || 23,171 || 22,037 || 20,903 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |246 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kulu, Konya|Kulu]] || 17,425 || 28,024 || 20,496 || 20,674 || 20,852 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |247 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şarkışla]] || 16,839 || 20,654 || 20,851 || 20,761 || 20,671 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] |- |248 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Korkuteli]] || 13,381 || 16,521 || 18,971 || 19,767 || 20,563 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |249 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Oltu]] || 21,817 || 23,064 || 20,162 || 20,305 || 20,448 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzurum Province|Erzurum]] |- |250 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Geyve]] || 13,405 || 17,318 || 19,802 || 20,120 || 20,438 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sakarya Province|Sakarya]] |- |251 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İmamoğlu]] || 21,484 || 30,428 || 21,331 || 20,848 || 20,365 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adana Province|Adana]] |- |252 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çine]] || 15,201 || 17,867 || 20,211 || 20,277 || 20,343 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |253 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çivril]] || 11,445 || 13,749 || 14,618 || 17,299 || 19,980 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli Province|Denizli]] |- |254 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Göksun]] || 22,847 || 30,232 || 17,008 || 18,461 || 19,914 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |255 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Derik]] || 13,201 || 19,806 || 19,535 || 19,704 || 19,873 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |256 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hilvan]] || 14,152 || 16,094 || 22,181 || 21,009 || 19,837 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |257 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çayeli]] || 14,947 || 22,546 || 25,205 || 22,502 || 19,799 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Rize Province|Rize]] |- |258 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İskilip]] || 19,624 || 19,648 || 20,782 || 20,251 || 19,720 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çorum Province|Çorum]] |- |259 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Havza]] || 17,962 || 19,385 || 21,002 || 20,337 || 19,672 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |260 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yahyalı]] || 20,401 || 22,665 || 20,227 || 19,909 || 19,591 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kayseri Province|Kayseri]] |- |261 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hayrabolu]] || 16,923 || 18,812 || 18,667 || 19,096 || 19,525 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |262 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İncirliova]] || 15,870 || 17,548 || 18,335 || 18,921 || 19,507 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |263 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kovancılar]] || 10,270 || 21,255 || 19,358 || 19,411 || 19,464 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Elâzığ Province|Elâzığ]] |- |264 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Güroymak]] || 16,613 || 22,521 || 19,787 || 19,580 || 19,373 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bitlis Province|Bitlis]] |- |265 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muratlı]] || 13,192 || 18,571 || 18,915 || 19,138 || 19,361 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |266 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malazgirt]] || 19,079 || 23,697 || 20,987 || 20,110 || 19,233 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muş Province|Muş]] |- |267 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyadin]] || 9,569 || 13,320 || 18,990 || 19,089 || 19,188 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ağrı Province|Ağrı]] |- |268 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Emirdağ]] || 21,144 || 20,508 || 21,898 || 20,531 || 19,164 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |269 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Alaplı]] || 12,105 || 18,487 || 17,984 || 18,573 || 19,162 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |270 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bostaniçi]] || 2,499 || 14,364 || 17,917 || 18,520 || 19,123 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |271 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gediz, Kütahya|Gediz]] || 14,403 || 19,375 || 18,728 || 18,904 || 19,080 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kütahya Province|Kütahya]] |- |272 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sarayköy]] || 15,481 || 17,760 || 18,370 || 18,655 || 18,940 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli Province|Denizli]] |- |273 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yalvaç]] || 28,028 || 35,316 || 20,853 || 19,822 || 18,791 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Isparta Province|Isparta]] |- |274 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mahmutlar]] || 4,852 || 14,463 || 18,365 || 18,575 || 18,785 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |275 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Demirci]] || 20,576 || 21,230 || 18,642 || 18,572 || 18,502 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |276 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ortaköy]] || 19,612 || 26,961 || 18,628 || 18,506 || 18,384 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aksaray Province|Aksaray]] |- |277 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turgutreis]] || 4,589 || 6,292 || 12,613 || 15,491 || 18,369 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |278 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karaağaç]] || 10,920 || 16,250 || 19,379 || 18,735 || 18,091 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |279 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yatağan, Muğla|Yatağan]] || 11,890 || 16,007 || 17,421 || 17,724 || 18,027 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |280 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nurdağı]] || 7,048 || 10,866 || 15,084 || 16,537 || 17,990 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gaziantep Province|Gaziantep]] |- |281 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çiftlikköy]] || 5,750 || 9,622 || 15,290 || 16,634 || 17,978 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yalova Province|Yalova]] |- |282 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Battalgazi]] || 14,994 || 15,154 || 15,847 || 16,792 || 17,737 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |283 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çermik]] || 16,531 || 15,843 || 17,825 || 17,520 || 17,215 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |284 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Dargeçit]] || 10,079 || 16,541 || 14,118 || 15,666 || 17,214 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |285 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Genç, Bingöl|Genç]] || 11,545 || 18,345 || 18,885 || 18,018 || 17,151 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bingöl Province|Bingöl]] |- |286 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Dursunbey]] || 13,025 || 14,654 || 17,701 || 17,364 || 17,027 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |287 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Horasan]] || 14,144 || 16,151 || 18,664 || 17,838 || 17,012 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzurum Province|Erzurum]] |- |288 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gümüşhacıköy]] || 14,170 || 14,057 || 12,847 || 14,873 || 16,899 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Amasya Province|Amasya]] |- |289 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kızılcahamam]] || 12,856 || 16,195 || 16,655 || 16,767 || 16,879 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ankara]] |- |290 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Pamukova]] || 10,088 || 13,200 || 15,181 || 16,006 || 16,831 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sakarya Province|Sakarya]] |- |291 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eğirdir]] || 16,050 || 16,905 || 20,340 || 18,559 || 16,778 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Isparta Province|Isparta]] |- |292 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şarköy]] || 11,425 || 16,194 || 15,523 || 16,121 || 16,719 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |293 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Boğazlıyan]] || 17,970 || 29,719 || 15,722 || 16,209 || 16,696 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |294 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hopa]] || 11,507 || 15,445 || 17,361 || 17,024 || 16,687 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Artvin Province|Artvin]] |- |295 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yeşilli]] || 10,451 || 19,700 || 14,635 || 15,533 || 16,521 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |296 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Dikili]] || 10,023 || 12,552 || 14,545 || 15,530 || 16,515 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] |- |297 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ahlat]] || 16,742 || 34,787 || 22,699 || 19,551 || 16,403 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bitlis Province|Bitlis]] |- |298 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ardahan]] || 16,761 || 17,274 || 17,446 || 16,923 || 16,400 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ardahan Province|Ardahan]] |- |299 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ürgüp]] || 11,040 || 14,538 || 15,456 || 15,912 || 16,368 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nevşehir Province|Nevşehir]] |- |300 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çekmece]] || 7,800 || 11,824 || 16,694 || 16,492 || 16,290 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |301 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Taşköprü, Kastamonu|Taşköprü]] || 11,454 || 16,181 || 16,288 || 16,226 || 16,164 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kastamonu Province|Kastamonu]] |- |302 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zeytinli]] || 5,614 || 10,893 || 14,484 || 15,313 || 16,142 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |303 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eskil]] || 16,462 || 22,125 || 18,276 || 17,098 || 15,920 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aksaray Province|Aksaray]] |- |304 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muradiye]] || 11,167 || 19,702 || 13,816 || 14,830 || 15,844 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |305 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Espiye]] || 10,219 || 12,990 || 16,823 || 16,332 || 15,841 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |306 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bozyazı]] || 22,168 || 26,314 || 15,414 || 15,618 || 15,822 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |307 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bigadiç]] || 12,976 || 14,550 || 15,638 || 15,724 || 15,810 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |308 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırkağaç]] || 21,421 || 25,093 || 26,006 || 20,889 || 15,772 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |309 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Saruhanlı]] || 12,977 || 13,025 || 15,151 || 15,420 || 15,689 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |310 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Demre]] || 13,793 || 13,900 || 15,762 || 15,662 || 15,562 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |311 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kızılpınar]] || 3,718 || 7,716 || 10,968 || 13,131 || 15,294 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |312 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Pazar]] || 11,068 || 14,682 || 16,636 || 15,922 || 15,208 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Rize Province|Rize]] |- |313 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Cihanbeyli]] || 15,071 || 18,306 || 15,192 || 15,192 || 15,192 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |314 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Marmaraereğlisi]] || 5,457 || 8,779 || 8,488 || 11,803 || 15,118 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |315 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Altınoluk]] || 5,219 || 8,997 || 11,641 || 13,365 || 15,089 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |316 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Banaz]] || 14,287 || 16,212 || 15,405 || 15,241 || 15,077 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Uşak Province|Uşak]] |- |317 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Görele]] || 21,098 || 27,214 || 14,428 || 14,738 || 15,048 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |318 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Buldan]] || 12,202 || 13,986 || 15,066 || 14,966 || 14,866 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli Province|Denizli]] |- |319 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Elmalı]] || 12,384 || 14,561 || 14,038 || 14,442 || 14,846 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |320 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Araklı]] || 12,141 || 22,506 || 22,200 || 18,395 || 14,590 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |321 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Of (District), Trabzon|Of]] || 15,794 || 25,478 || 17,529 || 16,002 || 14,475 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |322 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çaldıran (District), Van|Çaldıran]] || 4,780 || 12,841 || 16,172 || 15,311 || 14,450 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |323 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şemdinli]] || 7,001 || 14,177 || 11,727 || 13,081 || 14,435 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hakkâri Province|Hakkâri]] |- |324 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizciler]] || 9,280 || 17,495 || 16,178 || 15,276 || 14,374 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |325 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Arhavi]] || 10,048 || 14,079 || 16,101 || 15,194 || 14,287 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Artvin Province|Artvin]] |- |326 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Side]] || 11,333 || 21,000 || 6,500 || 10,382 || 14,264 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |327 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Armutalan]] || 4,727 || 8,310 || 15,549 || 14,881 || 14,213 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |328 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Vakfıkebir]] || 21,343 || 33,394 || 13,401 || 13,779 || 14,157 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |329 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aybastı]] || 17,143 || 14,326 || 14,767 || 14,456 || 14,145 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |330 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karakoçan]] || 14,953 || 23,994 || 12,903 || 13,487 || 14,071 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Elâzığ Province|Elâzığ]] |- |331 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Obaköy]] || 6,183 || 20,040 || 13,912 || 13,988 || 14,064 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |332 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Narlıca]] || 4,505 || 9,378 || 12,750 || 13,404 || 14,058 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |333 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Türkoğlu]] || 14,608 || 11,918 || 13,822 || 13,933 || 14,044 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |334 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Solhan]] || 12,191 || 14,325 || 17,895 || 15,950 || 14,005 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bingöl Province|Bingöl]] |- |335 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çay]] || 14,147 || 18,137 || 14,702 || 14,353 || 14,004 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |336 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Osmaneli]] || 8,704 || 12,814 || 13,419 || 13,641 || 13,863 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bilecik Province|Bilecik]] |- |337 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kadınhanı]] || 15,907 || 14,816 || 14,096 || 13,967 || 13,838 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |338 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Pelitli]] || 3,139 || 10,615 || 15,067 || 14,367 || 13,667 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |339 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sürmene]] || 15,453 || 17,063 || 13,689 || 13,670 || 13,651 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |340 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kelkit]] || 11,541 || 19,090 || 13,219 || 13,417 || 13,615 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gümüşhane Province|Gümüşhane]] |- |341 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Pasinler (town)|Pasinler]] || 19,144 || 22,787 || 15,950 || 14,762 || 13,574 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzurum Province|Erzurum]] |- |342 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kağızman]] || 15,274 || 21,685 || 23,012 || 18,258 || 13,504 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kars Province|Kars]] |- |343 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Suşehri]] || 23,202 || 25,137 || 13,941 || 13,715 || 13,489 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] |- |343 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ilıca, Manavgat|Ilıca]] || 2,929 || 16,807 || 4,467 || 8,978 || 13,489 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |345 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sarıgöl]] || 10,677 || 12,043 || 13,045 || 13,216 || 13,387 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |346 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tirebolu]] || 14,459 || 16,112 || 13,672 || 13,488 || 13,304 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |347 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Başkale]] || 16,418 || 14,144 || 15,910 || 14,601 || 13,292 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |348 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bayramiç]] || 10,056 || 11,988 || 13,134 || 13,211 || 13,288 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]] |- |349 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karaçulha]] || 5,656 || 8,574 || 13,063 || 13,114 || 13,165 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |350 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Korgan]] || 13,171 || 15,587 || 12,773 || 12,967 || 13,161 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |351 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eşme]] || 10,547 || 11,615 || 13,207 || 13,120 || 13,033 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Uşak Province|Uşak]] |- |352 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gölhisar]] || 10,434 || 12,434 || 13,502 || 13,255 || 13,008 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Burdur Province|Burdur]] |- |353 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sındırgı]] || 9,511 || 10,492 || 12,668 || 12,824 || 12,980 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |354 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Arsin]] || 8,192 || 13,038 || 8,453 || 10,715 || 12,977 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |355 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ortaklar]] || 10,006 || 12,074 || 12,973 || 12,912 || 12,851 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |356 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bahçe]] || 16,009 || 18,411 || 13,641 || 13,241 || 12,841 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Osmaniye Province|Osmaniye]] |- |357 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Edremit, Van|Edremit]] || 4,790 || 6,481 || 12,247 || 12,541 || 12,835 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |358 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Uludere]] || 6,289 || 7,928 || 9,228 || 11,030 || 12,832 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şırnak Province|Şırnak]] |- |359 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konaklı]] || 4,794 || 28,801 || 12,027 || 12,396 || 12,765 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |360 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaali]] || 10,131 || 13,793 || 13,089 || 12,921 || 12,753 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sakarya Province|Sakarya]] |- |361 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çağlayancerit]] || 10,435 || 12,642 || 12,454 || 12,572 || 12,690 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |362 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Germencik]] || 12,285 || 11,596 || 12,453 || 12,544 || 12,635 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |363 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kadıkendi]] || - || 263 || 196 || 6,404 || 12,612 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |364 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şarkikaraağaç]] || 12,253 || 24,502 || 9,538 || 11,059 || 12,580 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Isparta Province|Isparta]] |- |365 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çelebibağı]] || 4,356 || 11,629 || 12,693 || 12,611 || 12,529 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |366 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bünyan]] || 13,653 || 12,510 || 12,905 || 12,705 || 12,505 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kayseri Province|Kayseri]] |- |367 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çınarcık]] || 7,629 || 8,953 || 9,170 || 10,816 || 12,462 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yalova Province|Yalova]] |- |368 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şuhut]] || 12,982 || 13,630 || 12,038 || 12,236 || 12,434 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |369 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tavas]] || 11,777 || 11,700 || 13,000 || 12,709 || 12,418 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli Province|Denizli]] |- |370 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mucur]] || 11,119 || 14,676 || 11,984 || 12,197 || 12,410 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırşehir Province|Kırşehir]] |- |371 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Beşikdüzü]] || 15,652 || 29,766 || 11,641 || 12,020 || 12,399 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |372 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kumru, Ordu|Kumru]] || 10,774 || 18,057 || 11,856 || 12,116 || 12,376 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |373 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nallıhan]] || 11,638 || 17,181 || 12,895 || 12,630 || 12,365 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ankara]] |- |374 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Acıpayam]] || 8,054 || 9,956 || 12,002 || 12,154 || 12,306 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli Province|Denizli]] |- |375 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kınık]] || 17,167 || 13,136 || 11,340 || 11,752 || 12,164 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] |- |376 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sason]] || 6,847 || 9,705 || 10,673 || 11,363 || 12,053 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Batman Province|Batman]] |- |377 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Vize]] || 10,518 || 10,628 || 11,908 || 11,966 || 12,024 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırklareli Province|Kırklareli]] |- |378 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hasköy, Muş|Hasköy]] || 10,532 || 21,342 || 16,978 || 14,480 || 11,982 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muş Province|Muş]] |- |379 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Finike]] || 6,700 || 9,746 || 10,509 || 11,244 || 11,979 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |380 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Doğanşehir]] || 11,046 || 13,517 || 10,176 || 11,015 || 11,854 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |381 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İscehisar]] || 10,071 || 10,542 || 11,721 || 11,773 || 11,825 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |382 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Özalp, Van|Özalp]] || 4,920 || 6,997 || 9,402 || 10,596 || 11,790 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |383 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çifteler]] || 11,540 || 11,883 || 11,887 || 11,810 || 11,733 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eskişehir Province|Eskişehir]] |- |384 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kuzuculu]] || 9,709 || 11,309 || 10,899 || 11,279 || 11,659 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |385 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tömük]] || 9,282 || 11,921 || 10,384 || 11,013 || 11,642 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |386 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Küçükköy]] || 5,797 || 9,088 || 6,700 || 9,164 || 11,628 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |387 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ezine, Çanakkale|Ezine]] || 11,167 || 13,309 || 14,125 || 12,857 || 11,589 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]] |- |388 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Taşova]] || 10,197 || 15,556 || 10,413 || 10,997 || 11,581 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Amasya Province|Amasya]] |- |389 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Pınarhisar]] || 11,236 || 11,263 || 10,253 || 10,913 || 11,573 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırklareli Province|Kırklareli]] |- |390 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kargıpınarı]] || 8,677 || 12,741 || 11,709 || 11,590 || 11,559 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |391 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Avanos]] || 10,010 || 11,921 || 11,744 || 11,647 || 11,550 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nevşehir Province|Nevşehir]] |- |392 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yeniceköy]] || 3,672 || 10,000 || 11,487 || 11,509 || 11,531 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa Province|Bursa]] |- |393 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gördes]] || 9,767 || 10,809 || 10,295 || 10,845 || 11,395 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |394 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gölköy]] || 18,149 || 24,162 || 12,065 || 11,715 || 11,365 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |395 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zara, Turkey|Zara]] || 16,353 || 17,845 || 12,337 || 11,835 || 11,333 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] |- |396 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Umurlu]] || 9,157 || 10,436 || 11,595 || 11,439 || 11,283 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |397 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gerze, Turkey|Gerze]] || 8,736 || 10,013 || 9,985 || 10,618 || 11,251 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sinop Province|Sinop]] |- |398 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ondokuzmayıs]] || 6,212 || 8,928 || 11,417 || 11,329 || 11,241 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |399 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Datça]] || 5,022 || 8,108 || 8,839 || 10,034 || 11,229 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |400 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Pınarbaşı, Kayseri|Pınarbaşı]] || 11,364 || 12,075 || 12,654 || 11,927 || 11,200 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kayseri Province|Kayseri]] |- |401 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çınar]] || 10,080 || 13,282 || 12,725 || 11,936 || 11,147 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |402 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ayancık]] || 10,418 || 10,919 || 10,991 || 11,067 || 11,143 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sinop Province|Sinop]] |- |403 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Lice, Turkey|Lice]] || 12,227 || 11,927 || 13,118 || 12,111 || 11,104 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |404 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Alaçam]] || 12,097 || 11,950 || 11,321 || 11,203 || 11,085 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |405 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Serinhisar]] || 17,112 || 15,864 || 10,699 || 10,870 || 11,041 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli Province|Denizli]] |- |406 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yalıkavak]] || 3,780 || 8,000 || 8,701 || 9,845 || 10,989 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |407 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yomra]] || 7,335 || 13,346 || 9,838 || 10,404 || 10,970 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |408 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yeşilköy, Hatay|Yeşilköy]] || 8,562 || 8,999 || 10,205 || 10,575 || 10,945 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |409 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Havran, Balıkesir|Havran]] || 8,878 || 10,122 || 10,531 || 10,713 || 10,895 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |410 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çukurca]] || 5,205 || 7,471 || 7,033 || 8,957 || 10,881 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hakkâri Province|Hakkâri]] |- |411 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bozova]] || 16,745 || 19,848 || 14,450 || 12,657 || 10,864 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |412 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Lapseki]] || 5,789 || 8,489 || 10,612 || 10,727 || 10,842 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]] |- |413 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Altınova]] || 8,469 || 10,791 || 10,273 || 10,556 || 10,839 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |414 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Emet]] || 12,246 || 19,350 || 10,198 || 10,502 || 10,806 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kütahya Province|Kütahya]] |- |415 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Akçay]] || - || 9,039 || 9,095 || 9,947 || 10,799 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |416 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Divriği]] || 17,664 || 14,429 || 11,980 || 11,388 || 10,796 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] |- |417 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Davutlar]] || 5,960 || 6,903 || 9,599 || 10,123 || 10,647 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |418 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karaağaç]] || - || 5,385 || 8,462 || 9,525 || 10,588 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Edirne Province|Edirne]] |- |419 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Derinkuyu]] || 8,580 || 11,092 || 10,211 || 10,399 || 10,587 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nevşehir Province|Nevşehir]] |- |420 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çekerek]] || 10,398 || 12,339 || 11,394 || 10,983 || 10,572 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |421 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ermenek]] || 12,592 || 15,509 || 10,683 || 10,609 || 10,535 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karaman Province|Karaman]] |- |422 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Borçka]] || 6,102 || 9,008 || 10,433 || 10,481 || 10,529 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Artvin Province|Artvin]] |- |423 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mazıdağı]] || 9,526 || 11,194 || 10,297 || 10,410 || 10,523 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |424 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Alaçatı]] || 7,187 || - || 7,206 || 8,839 || 10,472 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] |- |425 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Keskin]] || 20,044 || 34,827 || 11,271 || 10,853 || 10,435 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırıkkale Province|Kırıkkale]] |- |426 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kandıra]] || 10,427 || 12,641 || 15,473 || 14,492 || 10,427 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]] |- |427 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ahmetli]] || 10,190 || 11,011 || 9,517 || 9,969 || 10,421 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |428 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şefaatli]] || 13,171 || 13,728 || 11,010 || 10,704 || 10,398 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |429 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çamaş]] || 10,430 || 10,047 || 9,015 || 9,699 || 10,383 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |430 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Haymana]] || 9,144 || 11,313 || 9,464 || 9,922 || 10,380 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ankara]] |- |431 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bayat, Çorum|Bayat]] || 8,090 || 7,381 || 7,460 || 8,888 || 10,316 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çorum Province|Çorum]] |- |432 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Büyükyoncalı]] || 4,473 || 7,335 || 9,390 || 9,847 || 10,304 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |433 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tomarza]] || 11,337 || 10,963 || 10,414 || 10,347 || 10,280 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kayseri Province|Kayseri]] |- |434 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sultanhanı]] || 8,397 || 10,104 || 10,427 || 10,336 || 10,245 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aksaray Province|Aksaray]] |- |435 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kepez, Çanakkale|Kepez]] || 4,282 || 7,918 || 10,655 || 10,434 || 10,213 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]] |- |436 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tunçbilek]] || 7,449 || 5,900 || 4,317 || 7,254 || 10,191 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kütahya Province|Kütahya]] |- |437 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adilcevaz]] || 10,103 || 35,174 || 24,727 || 17,458 || 10,189 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bitlis Province|Bitlis]] |- |438 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bozdoğan]] || 8,034 || 8,300 || 9,277 || 9,725 || 10,173 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |439 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gevaş]] || 9,994 || 10,988 || 11,042 || 10,594 || 10,146 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Van Province|Van]] |- |440 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gelinkaya]] || 2,200 || 6,470 || 3,341 || 6,707 || 10,073 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |441 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aşkale]] || 15,494 || 15,548 || 12,842 || 11,455 || 10,068 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzurum Province|Erzurum]] |- |442 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kangal]] || 12,276 || 12,099 || 10,989 || 10,522 || 10,055 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] |- |442 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turgutalp]] || 5,223 || 7,437 || 9,113 || 9,584 || 10,055 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |444 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Köşk]] || 6,022 || 8,349 || 9,544 || 9,778 || 10,012 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |445 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yahşihan]] || 5,695 || 8,215 || 9,166 || 9,573 || 9,980 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırıkkale Province|Kırıkkale]] |- |446 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Cikcilli]] || - || 5,167 || 7,701 || 8,831 || 9,961 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |447 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Acarlar]] || 6,554 || 8,279 || 9,756 || 9,823 || 9,890 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |448 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Pozantı]] || 7,892 || 9,627 || 9,835 || 9,859 || 9,883 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adana Province|Adana]] |- |449 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yenice, Karabük|Yenice]] || 9,840 || 11,228 || 9,897 || 9,884 || 9,871 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karabük Province|Karabük]] |- |450 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivrihisar]] || 10,490 || 10,574 || 10,293 || 10,080 || 9,867 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eskişehir Province|Eskişehir]] |- |451 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eruh]] || 5,929 || 7,226 || 9,450 || 9,617 || 9,784 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Siirt Province|Siirt]] |- |452 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gölmarmara]] || 10,976 || 11,205 || 9,938 || 9,857 || 9,776 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Manisa Province|Manisa]] |- |453 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kulp]] || 7,472 || 15,825 || 11,474 || 10,616 || 9,758 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |454 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Söğüt]] || 9,470 || 12,644 || 15,761 || 12,755 || 9,749 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bilecik Province|Bilecik]] |- |455 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Taşucu]] || 6,743 || 10,466 || 7,820 || 8,777 || 9,734 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |456 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Odabaşı, Hatay|Odabaşı]] || 5,070 || 7,184 || 10,192 || 9,961 || 9,730 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |457 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Fındıklı]] || 7,022 || 11,043 || 9,909 || 9,803 || 9,697 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Rize Province|Rize]] |- |458 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Perşembe]] || 10,979 || 10,804 || 10,288 || 9,943 || 9,598 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |459 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gölyaka]] || 4,265 || 8,572 || 8,007 || 8,778 || 9,549 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Düzce Province|Düzce]] |- |460 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şebinkarahisar]] || 23,518 || 36,713 || 13,698 || 11,599 || 9,500 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |461 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Araban]] || 14,275 || 10,666 || 9,805 || 9,651 || 9,497 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gaziantep Province|Gaziantep]] |- |462 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hassa, Hatay|Hassa]] || 7,714 || 9,071 || 9,117 || 9,301 || 9,485 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |463 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Akçadağ]] || 10,839 || 13,432 || 8,427 || 8,948 || 9,469 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |464 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Savaştepe]] || 10,053 || 10,288 || 9,296 || 9,366 || 9,436 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]] |- |465 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kaynaşlı]] || 5,878 || 9,439 || 9,329 || 9,362 || 9,395 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Düzce Province|Düzce]] |- |466 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karayılan]] || 13,883 || 11,187 || 10,611 || 9,972 || 9,333 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |467 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Reşadiye]] || 12,321 || 16,389 || 8,892 || 9,108 || 9,324 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tokat Province|Tokat]] |- |468 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hizan]] || 5,880 || 11,067 || 11,205 || 10,258 || 9,311 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bitlis Province|Bitlis]] |- |469 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sarayönü]] || 10,721 || 10,386 || 9,053 || 9,169 || 9,285 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |470 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hani, Turkey|Hani]] || 10,266 || 10,918 || 8,292 || 8,778 || 9,264 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |471 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Palu]] || 7,900 || 10,103 || 8,894 || 9,069 || 9,244 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Elâzığ Province|Elâzığ]] |- |472 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İnebolu]] || 8,350 || 9,486 || 9,747 || 9,465 || 9,183 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kastamonu Province|Kastamonu]] |- |473 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Honaz]] || 6,333 || 7,442 || 9,239 || 9,187 || 9,135 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli Province|Denizli]] |- |474 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gürün]] || 9,886 || 11,294 || 10,231 || 9,680 || 9,129 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] |- |475 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Beşiri]] || 5,456 || 8,554 || 8,573 || 8,829 || 9,085 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Batman Province|Batman]] |- |476 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yunak]] || 10,499 || 12,734 || 10,107 || 9,561 || 9,015 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |477 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yeşilhisar]] || 11,904 || 13,586 || 9,747 || 9,376 || 9,005 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kayseri Province|Kayseri]] |- |478 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Avsallar]] || 3,661 || 8,493 || 7,849 || 8,424 || 8,999 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |479 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yıldızeli]] || 15,249 || 16,070 || 9,867 || 9,430 || 8,993 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] |- |480 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Varto]] || 11,339 || 16,382 || 10,764 || 9,876 || 8,988 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muş Province|Muş]] |- |481 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mavikent]] || 6,224 || 9,276 || 8,033 || 8,510 || 8,987 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |482 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Halfeti]] || 4,128 || 2,766 || 10,238 || 9,609 || 8,980 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şanlıurfa Province|Şanlıurfa]] |- |483 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Pertek]] || 5,428 || 5,737 || 6,032 || 7,496 || 8,960 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tunceli Province|Tunceli]] |- |484 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Küçükdalyan]] || 4,866 || 5,909 || 8,095 || 8,525 || 8,955 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |485 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çerkeş]] || 8,579 || 15,536 || 8,572 || 8,755 || 8,938 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çankırı Province|Çankırı]] |- |486 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yazıkonak]] || 5,229 || 12,000 || 7,922 || 8,426 || 8,930 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Elâzığ Province|Elâzığ]] |- |487 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Akbez]] || 6,162 || 6,478 || 8,986 || 8,956 || 8,926 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |488 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekebaşı]] || 4,851 || 6,393 || 8,541 || 8,706 || 8,871 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |489 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karaçoban]] || 7,498 || 12,683 || 8,945 || 8,901 || 8,857 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzurum Province|Erzurum]] |- |490 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Karataş]] || 9,025 || 9,189 || 8,358 || 8,601 || 8,844 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adana Province|Adana]] |- |491 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konacık]] || - || 4,035 || 8,717 || 8,775 || 8,833 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |492 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hınıs]] || 16,005 || 27,504 || 10,802 || 9,803 || 8,804 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Erzurum Province|Erzurum]] |- |493 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İpsala]] || 9,212 || 8,471 || 7,851 || 8,318 || 8,785 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Edirne Province|Edirne]] |- |494 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çobanlar]] || 6,675 || - || 8,630 || 8,706 || 8,782 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |495 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Havsa]] || 9,237 || 8,081 || 8,547 || 8,664 || 8,781 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Edirne Province|Edirne]] |- |496 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çatalağzı]] || 13,401 || 7,945 || 9,079 || 8,927 || 8,775 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |497 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yakınca]] || 10,884 || 13,727 || 10,005 || 9,378 || 8,751 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |498 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Beyoğlu]] || 8,439 || 8,253 || 8,035 || 8,388 || 8,741 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |499 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çayırhan]] || 6,211 || 9,000 || 8,721 || 8,719 || 8,717 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ankara]] |- |500 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sahilkent]] || 5,317 || 7,218 || 8,211 || 8,434 || 8,657 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |501 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gülşehir]] || 8,499 || 9,377 || 8,484 || 8,569 || 8,654 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nevşehir Province|Nevşehir]] |- |502 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Darende]] || 11,488 || 13,908 || 9,685 || 9,165 || 8,645 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |503 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ladik]] || 8,061 || 9,098 || 8,640 || 8,633 || 8,626 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |504 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Koru, Yalova|Koru]] || - || - || 5,006 || 6,810 || 8,614 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yalova Province|Yalova]] |- |505 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kestel]] || 3,610 || - || 6,886 || 7,742 || 8,598 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |506 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eleşkirt]] || 9,871 || 15,339 || 11,194 || 9,881 || 8,568 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ağrı Province|Ağrı]] |- |507 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sultanköy]] || - || - || 2,050 || 5,297 || 8,544 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |508 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Dilek]] || 7,326 || 8,168 || 7,443 || 7,986 || 8,529 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |509 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yeniçiftlik]] || 3,721 || - || 5,650 || 7,063 || 8,476 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |510 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turunçova]] || 7,371 || 8,412 || 8,629 || 8,549 || 8,469 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |510 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gözcüler]] || 9,058 || 7,208 || 8,273 || 8,371 || 8,469 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |512 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Köyceğiz]] || 6,406 || 7,523 || 8,466 || 8,467 || 8,468 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |512 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sarılar, Antalya Province|Sarılar]] || - || 3,838 || 6,550 || 7,509 || 8,468 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |514 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Eynesil]] || 6,713 || 10,667 || 7,970 || 8,216 || 8,462 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |515 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ladik]] || - || - || 8,378 || 8,404 || 8,430 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |516 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydıncık, Mersin|Aydıncık]] || 7,040 || 7,941 || 7,851 || 8,101 || 8,351 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |517 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tuzluca]] || 7,698 || 8,827 || 11,239 || 9,790 || 8,341 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Iğdır Province|Iğdır]] |- |518 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çelikhan]] || 8,033 || 11,306 || 8,205 || 8,253 || 8,301 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Adıyaman Province|Adıyaman]] |- |519 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Söğütlü]] || 3,599 || 7,173 || 9,435 || 8,855 || 8,275 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |520 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yenice, Mersin|Yenice]] || 7,300 || 17,199 || 8,447 || 8,320 || 8,247 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |521 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kiraz, Turkey|Kiraz]] || 7,850 || 10,001 || 8,683 || 8,464 || 8,245 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] |- |522 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kabala, Mardin|Kabala]] || 5,963 || 9,275 || 10,951 || 9,588 || 8,225 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |523 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Dicle]] || 5,414 || 9,861 || 12,227 || 10,219 || 8,211 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Diyarbakır Province|Diyarbakır]] |- |524 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Toprakkale]] || 7,993 || 8,413 || 7,423 || 7,803 || 8,183 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Osmaniye Province|Osmaniye]] |- |525 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yeşilyurt]] || 9,184 || 11,998 || 7,700 || 7,940 || 8,180 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |526 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yurtbaşı]] || 5,362 || 8,014 || 7,486 || 7,828 || 8,170 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Elâzığ Province|Elâzığ]] |- |527 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bostanbaşı]] || 2,212 || - || 5,337 || 6,744 || 8,151 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |528 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yeniceoba]] || 8,128 || 9,194 || 7,863 || 8,003 || 8,143 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |529 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Savur]] || 6,244 || 7,817 || 8,942 || 8,500 || 8,058 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |530 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kale]] || 6,950 || 7,189 || 7,713 || 7,864 || 8,015 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Denizli Province|Denizli]] |- |531 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Savuca]] || 6,277 || 7,932 || 8,192 || 8,063 || 7,934 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |532 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Andırın]] || 7,506 || 8,311 || 8,026 || 7,975 || 7,924 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |533 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Keşap]] || 8,208 || 9,475 || 8,968 || 8,443 || 7,918 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |534 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hekimhan]] || 13,612 || 13,206 || 7,708 || 7,802 || 7,896 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Malatya Province|Malatya]] |- |535 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İsmil]] || 6,576 || 7,317 || 5,930 || 6,909 || 7,888 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |536 || style="text-align:left;"| Yenice || 3,721 || 4,532 || 2,867 || 5,377 || 7,887 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ankara]] |- |537 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Narlı]] || 5,401 || 8,798 || 8,547 || 8,215 || 7,883 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |538 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kuyucak]] || 7,779 || 7,282 || 7,762 || 7,813 || 7,864 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |539 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gürgentepe]] || 18,875 || 18,313 || 8,404 || 8,130 || 7,856 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ordu Province|Ordu]] |- |540 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çilimli]] || 3,717 || 7,147 || 4,504 || 6,168 || 7,832 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Düzce Province|Düzce]] |- |541 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Orhaneli]] || 6,434 || 8,071 || 7,956 || 7,888 || 7,820 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bursa Province|Bursa]] |- |542 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Beldibi, Muğla|Beldibi]] || 1,376 || 4,848 || 8,546 || 8,160 || 7,774 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |543 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Göle]] || 7,542 || 10,478 || 7,438 || 7,588 || 7,738 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ardahan Province|Ardahan]] |- |544 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aktepe]] || 7,917 || 8,692 || 8,007 || 7,850 || 7,693 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |545 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ayvacık, Çanakkale|Ayvacık]] || 5,595 || 6,475 || 7,609 || 7,642 || 7,675 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]] |- |546 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çayıralan]] || 7,644 || 14,046 || 8,425 || 8,039 || 7,653 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |547 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bozkır]] || 9,472 || 10,483 || 6,801 || 7,217 || 7,633 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |548 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Saraykent]] || 6,059 || 9,224 || 8,976 || 8,300 || 7,624 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yozgat Province|Yozgat]] |- |549 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tonya]] || 11,058 || 12,666 || 7,711 || 7,660 || 7,609 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |550 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kavak, Turkey|Kavak]] || 5,745 || 7,871 || 8,629 || 8,117 || 7,605 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsun Province|Samsun]] |- |551 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Keçiborlu]] || 8,955 || 10,390 || 7,283 || 7,419 || 7,555 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Isparta Province|Isparta]] |- |552 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ovaeymir]] || 5,211 || 6,518 || 7,049 || 7,293 || 7,537 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |552 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çolaklı]] || 5,735 || 10,719 || 5,161 || 6,349 || 7,537 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] |- |554 || style="text-align:left;"| [[İçeriçumra]] || 8,517 || 12,335 || 7,460 || 7,465 || 7,470 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Konya Province|Konya]] |- |555 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Maçka]] || 7,673 || 10,700 || 5,063 || 6,262 || 7,461 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |556 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bitez]] || 2.094 || 5,207 || 5,217 || 6,317 || 7,417 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Muğla Province|Muğla]] |- |557 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yağlıdere]] || 4,899 || 4,336 || 8,127 || 7,758 || 7,389 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |558 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çarşıbaşı]] || 6,649 || 8,532 || 7,154 || 7,266 || 7,378 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Trabzon Province|Trabzon]] |- |559 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Durağan]] || 7,432 || 9,725 || 7,290 || 7,332 || 7,374 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sinop Province|Sinop]] |- |560 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kozaklı]] || 7,556 || 7,755 || 6,771 || 7,065 || 7,359 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Nevşehir Province|Nevşehir]] |- |561 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Piraziz]] || 8,201|| 9,416 || 7,640 || 7,483 || 7,326 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Giresun Province|Giresun]] |- |562 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bekbele]] || 5,478 || - || 7,482 || 7,399 || 7,316 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hatay Province|Hatay]] |- |563 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şekeroba]] || 4,919 || 6,225 || 7,009 || 7,156 || 7,303 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |564 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Arıtaş]] || 9,783 || 8,690 || 5,969 || 6,626 || 7,283 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kahramanmaraş Province|Kahramanmaraş]] |- |565 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Atça]] || 7,763 || 7,660 || 7,518 || 7,396 || 7,274 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |566 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gökçebey]] || 5,862 || 7,939 || 7,479 || 7,376 || 7,273 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |567 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ulukışla]] || 5,545 || 6,368 || 4,979 || 6,124 || 7,269 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Niğde Province|Niğde]] |- |568 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gülüç]] || 5,082 || 5,955 || 7,655 || 7,452 || 7,249 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Zonguldak Province|Zonguldak]] |- |569 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Altınova]] || 2,176 || - || 3,429 || 5,330 || 7,231 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Yalova Province|Yalova]] |- |570 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sakçagöze]] || 4,579 || - || 4,389 || 5,808 || 7,227 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gaziantep Province|Gaziantep]] |- |571 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Atayurt]] || 3,600 || 7,120 || 7,403 || 7,310 || 7,217 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |572 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Işıklar]] || 5,014 || 7,334 || 7,118 || 7,135 || 7,152 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Afyon Province|Afyon]] |- |573 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Uluborlu]] || 12,947 || - || 5,817 || 6,479 || 7,141 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Isparta Province|Isparta]] |- |574 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Göynük]] || 4,266 || 10,119 || 5,666 || 6,401 || 7,136 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Bolu Province|Bolu]] |- |575 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Ilgaz]] || 8,136 || - || 6,981 || 7,051 || 7,121 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çankırı Province|Çankırı]] |- |576 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Atakent]] || 4,751 || 14,553 || 5,612 || 6,362 || 7,112 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mersin Province|Mersin]] |- |577 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Çiçekdağı]] || 6,468 || - || 6,604 || 6,856 || 7,108 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Kırşehir Province|Kırşehir]] |- |578 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gökçe, Mardin|Gökçe]] || 3,148 || 3,148 || 6,563 || 6,831 || 7,099 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mardin Province|Mardin]] |- |579 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Buharkent]] || 5,795 || 7,074 || 6,813 || 6,955 || 7,097 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Aydın Province|Aydın]] |- |580 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Velimeşe]] || 4,034 || 5,003 || 6,485 || 6,777 || 7,069 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]] |- |581 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Şiran]] || 8,147 || 11,977 || 7,511 || 7,261 || 7,011 || style="text-align:left;"| [[Gümüşhane Province|Gümüşhane]] |} == Freemit airtins == *[http://www.die.gov.tr/ENGLISH/index.html State Institute of Statistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070125203758/http://www.die.gov.tr/ENGLISH/index.html |date=2007-01-25 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120527134809/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&geo=-215 The World Gazetteer: Turkey: Map o Lairgest Ceities] <br />{{Turkey topics}} {{Asie topic|Leet o ceities in}} {{Leet o ceities in Europe}} {{Leet o ceities in the Middle East}} [[Category:Ceities in Turkey| ]] [[Category:Leets o ceities bi kintra|Turkey]] [[Category:Turkey-relatit leets|Ceities]] <!--Other languages--> r2pegj7qaabcd3nxy4pgo6xfjpjphlr 0 32964 918339 896907 2026-06-19T13:23:09Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918339 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Ukrainian oblast | name = Kirovohrad Oblast | Ukrainian_name = Кіровоградська область | TransliteratedName = Kirovohrads’ka oblast’ | image_flag = Flag_of_Kirovohrad_Oblast.svg | nickname = {{lang|uk|Кіровоградщина (''Kirovohradschyna'')}} | image_shield = Coat_of_Arms_of_Kirovohrad_Oblast.png | image_map = Map of Ukraine political simple Oblast Kirowohrad.png | coordinates = {{coord|48.46|32.27|type:adm1st_region:UA|display=inline,title}} | admin_center = [[Kropyvnytskyi]] | governor = Serhiy Larin<ref name=newgovUkr7410>[http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/63305/ Yanukovych appoints governors of Kirovohrad, Sumy, Vinnytsia, Cherkasy and Ternopil regions], [[Kyiv Post]] (April 7, 2010)</ref> | governor_party = [[Pairty o Regions]]<ref name=newgovUkr7410/> | chairman = Mykola Sukhomlyn | chairman_party = | council_seats = | raions = 4 | city_raions = | cities = 12 | CMTs = 26 | villages = 1015 | area_rank = 15t | area_total_km2 = 24588 | population_as_of = 2006 | population_rank = 25t | population = 1057951 | postal_code = [[Ukrainian postal codes|25000-27999]] | iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:UA|UA-35]] | FIPS_code = [[Leet o FIPS region codes (S-U)#UP: Ukraine|UP10]] | area_code = [[Aurie code#Ukraine|+380-52]] | website = [http://www.kr-admin.gov.ua www.kr-admin.gov.ua] }} '''Kirovohrad Oblast''' ({{lang-uk|Кіровоградська область}}, [[Romanization o Ukrainian|translit.]] ''Kirovohrads’ka oblast’''; referred tae as '''[[Kirovohrad Oblast#Nomenclatur|Kirovohradschyna]]''' - ''{{lang-uk|Кіровоградщина}}'' an aw) is an [[admeenistrative diveesions o Ukraine|oblast]] (province) o [[Ukraine]]. The [[caipital ceety|admeenistrative center]] o the oblast is the ceety o [[Kropyvnytskyi]]. ==Geography== The aurie o the province is {{convert|24600|km²|2|abbr=on}}, its population (as o 2004-05-01) is 1.1 million. The ceety o [[Dobrovelychkivka]] is the geographical centre o Ukraine. ==History== The oblast wis creatit as pairt o the [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]] on 10 Januar 1939. Atween [[1752]] an [[1764]], the Kirovohrad Oblast wis a territory o [[Roushie Empire|Imperial Roushie]] namit [[Nova Serbia]], an existit in this aurie wi an admeenistrative seat in [[Novomyrhorod]]. ==Points o interest== The follaein steids wur nominatit for the [[Seiven Wanders o Ukraine]]. * [[Khutir Nadia]] * [[Saint Elizabeth fortress]] * [[Oblast airt museum]] ==Subdiveesions== The Kirovohrad Oblast is admeenistratively subdividit intae 21 [[raions]] ([[destrict]]s) as well as 4 ceeties ([[municipality|municipalities]]) which are directly subordinate tae the oblast govrenment: [[Oleksandriia]], [[Svitlovodsk]], [[Znamianka]], an the admeenistrative centre o the oblast, [[Kropyvnytskyi]]. {| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 style="text-align:left; border:1px solid #ddd; font-size:90%; " summary="Raions o the Kirovohrad Oblast an their caipital ceeties" |+ style="background:#ddd; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:left; font-size:111%; font-weight:bold; padding:.5em 0;" | Raions o the Kirovohrad Oblast |- style="vertical-align:top;" ! || style="text-align:left; font-weight:normal;" | In Inglis ! style="text-align:left; font-weight:normal;" | In Ukrainian ! style="text-align:left; font-weight:normal;" | Admeenistrative Center |- style="vertical-align:top;" |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0; " ||| [[Bobrynetskyi Raion]] |Бобринецький район <br />''Bobrynets'kyi raion'' |[[Bobrynets]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Dobrovelychkivskyi Raion]] |Добровеличківський район <br />''Dobrovelychkivs'kyi raion'' |[[Dobrovelychkivka]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0; " ||| [[Dolynskyi Raion (Kirovohrad Oblast)|Dolynskyi Raion]] |Долинський район <br />''Dolyns'kyi raion'' |[[Dolynska]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Haivoronskyi Raion]] |Гайворонський район <br />''Haivorons'kyi raion'' |[[Haivoron]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0; " ||| [[Holovanivskyi Raion]] |Голованівський район <br />''Holovanivs'kyi raion'' |[[Holovanivsk]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Kirovohradskyi Raion]] |Кіровоградський район <br />''Kirovohrads'kyi raion'' |[[Kirovohrad]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Kompaniivskyi Raion]] |Компаніївський район <br />''Kompaniyivs'kyi raion'' |[[Kompaniivka]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Malovyskivskyi Raion]] |Маловисківський район <br />''Malovyskivs'kyi raion'' |[[Mala Vyska]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Novhorodkivskyi Raion]] |Новгородківський район <br />''Novhorodkivs'kyi raion'' |[[Novhorodka]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Novoarkhanhelskyi Raion]] |Новоархангельський район <br />''Novoarkhanhel's'kyi raion'' |[[Novoarkhanhelsk]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Novomyrhorodskyi Raion]] |Новомиргородський район <br />''Novomyrhorods'kyi raion'' |[[Novomyrhorod]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Novoukrainskyi Raion]] |Новоукраїнський район <br />''Novoukrains'kyi raion'' |[[Novoukrainka]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Oleksandrivskyi Raion]] |Олександрівський район <br />''Oleksandrivs'kyi raion'' |[[Oleksandrivka]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Oleksandriyskyi Raion]] |Олександрійський район <br />''Oleksandriys'kyi raion'' |[[Oleksandriia]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Onufriivskyi Raion]] |Онуфріївський район <br />''Onufriyivs'kyi raion'' |[[Onufriivka]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Petrivskyi Raion]] |Петрівський район <br />''Petrivs'kyi raion'' |[[Petrove]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Svitlovodskyi Raion]] |Світловодський район <br />''Svitlovods'kyi raion'' |[[Svitlovodsk]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Ulianovskyi Raion]] |Ульяновський район <br />''Ul'yanovs'kyi raion'' |[[Ulianovka]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Ustynivskyi Raion]] |Устинівський район <br />''Ustynivs'kyi raion'' |[[Ustynivka]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top;" ||| [[Vilshanskyi Raion]] |Вільшанський район <br />''Vilshans'kyi raion'' |[[Vilshanka]] <br />''([[Urban-type settlement]])'' |- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;" ||| [[Znamianskyi Raion]] |Знам'янський район <br />''Znamyans'kyi raion'' |[[Znamianka]] <br />''([[Ceety]])'' |} ==Nomenclatur== Maist o Ukraine's oblasts are namit efter thair [[Caipital ceety|caipital]] ceeties, offeecially referred tae as "oblast centers" ({{lang-uk|обласний центр}}, [[Romanization o Ukrainian|translit.]] ''oblasnyi tsentr''). The name o each oblast is a [[relative clause|relative]] [[adjective]], formit bi addin a feminine [[suffix]] tae the name o respective centre ceety: ''Kirovohrad'' is the centre o the ''Kirovohrads’ka oblast’'' (Kirovohrad Oblast). Maist oblasts are whiles referred tae in a feminine noun form an aw, follaein the convention o traditional regional place names, endin wi the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case wi the Kirovohrad Oblast, ''Kirovohradshchyna''. {{See an aw|Romanization o Ukrainian}} ==See an aw== * [[Subdiveesions o Ukraine]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.kr-admin.gov.ua/ Kirovohrad Oblast Admeenistration wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060813210209/http://www.kr-admin.gov.ua/ |date=2006-08-13 }} {{uk icon}} * [http://www.rks.kr.ua/list/ Kirovohrad Wab Directory] {{uk icon}}/{{ru icon}} * [http://www.rks.kr.ua/daily/ Kirovohrad Daily News] {{uk icon}}/{{ru icon}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121012011655/http://www.mfa.gov.ua/mfa/en/publication/content/328.htm Kirovohrad Region Information o MFA o Ukraine] {{en icon}}/{{uk icon}} {{Kirovohrad Oblast}} {{Admeenistrative diveesions o Ukraine}} [[Category:Kirovohrad Oblast| ]] [[Category:Oblasts o Ukraine]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1939]] 820on1sph9ku6qfjv234vm80k7lulls 0 33808 918480 885916 2026-06-20T09:31:31Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Geobox | Settlement <!-- ---- Name section --> | name = Sønderborg | native_name = | category = Municipality <!-- ---- Image --> | image = | image_size = 29px | image_caption = Harbour o Sønderborg <!-- ---- Symbols --> | flag = | flag_size= | symbol = Coat of arms of Sønderborg.svg | symbol_size = 75px <!-- ---- Country etc. --> | country = Denmark | state= | district = [[Region o Soothren Denmark|Soothren Denmark]] | district_type = Region | district_label= <!-- ---- Municipal parts --> | part_type = | part_count = | part = | part1 = <!-- ---- Geography --> | area = 496 | area_round = 0 <!-- rounding digits for calc. --> | location = <!-- 54|55|N|9|47|E --> | coordinates = {{coord|54|55|0|N|9|47|0|E|display=inline,title}} | capital_coordinates = | mouth_coordinates = | elevation = <!-- ---- Population --> | population_as_of = 2008 | population = 76,236 | population_density= <!-- ---- Government --> | established_type = Municipality | established = syne Januar 2007 | established1_type = | mayor = <!-- ---- Various codes --> | timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset_DST= +2 | postal_code = | postal_code_type = Postal codes | area_code = | area_code_type= <!-- ---- Free fields --> | free_type = | free= | free1_type = | free1= <!-- ---- Map section --> | map = Map DK Sønderborg.PNG | map_size= | map_caption = '''Sønderborg Municipality''' in Denmark <!-- ---- Website --> | website = }} '''Sønderborg Municipality''' ({{lang-de|Sonderburg}}), is a municipality ([[Dens leid|Dens]], ''[[Commune (subnational entity)|kommune]]'') in the [[Region o Soothren Denmark]] pairtially on the [[Jutland]] peninsulae an pairtially on the island o [[Als Island|Als]] in sooth [[Denmark]], at the border wi [[Germany]]. The municipality covers an aurie o {{convert|496.57|km²|2|lk=out|abbr=on}}, an haes a total population o 76,236 ({{As of|2008|lc=on}}). Its mayor is Aase Nyegaard, a member o the local poleetical pairty Fælleslisten (literally "''The Common Leet''"). == Geography == The municipality is split inta twa sections separatit bi [[Alssund]], the watterwa which separates the island o [[Als Island|Als]] frae the [[Jutland]] mainland. == 2007 admeenistrative reform == On 1 Januar 2007, due tae [[Municipalities o Denmark#Municipal Reform 2007|''Kommunalreformen'' ("The Municipal Reform" o 2007)]], the umwhile Sønderborg municipality wis combined wi [[Augustenborg Municipality|Augustenborg]], [[Broager]], [[Gråsten]], [[Nordborg]], [[Sydals]], an [[Sundeved]] municipalities tae form a new Sønderborg municipality. The umwhile Sønderborg municipality covered an aurie o {{convert|54|km²|0|abbr=on}}, an haed a total population o 30,555 (2005). Its last mayor wis Arne Peder Hansen, a member o the [[Venstre (Denmark)|Venstre]] (Leeberal Pairty) [[Politics o Denmark|poleetical pairty]]. == The ceety o Sønderborg == {{main|Sønderborg}} The steid o its municipal cooncil is the toun o [[Sønderborg]], which covers maist o the aurie o the municipality. == Economy == The airline [[Cimber Sterling]] haes its heidquarters in [[Sønderborg]], Sønderborg Municipality.<ref>"[http://www.cimber.com/contact/ Contact] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111204110741/http://www.cimber.com/contact/ |date=2011-12-04 }}." [[Cimber Sterling]]. Retrieved on 19 January 2010.</ref> == Internaitional relations == {{See an aa|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Denmark}} === Twin touns — Sister ceeties === Sønderborg is [[Twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi: * {{flagicon|Poland}} [[Zabrze]], [[Poland]] == References == {{reflist}} * Municipal statistics: [http://www2.netborger.dk/Kommunefakta/ NetBorger Kommunefakta] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070812152043/http://www2.netborger.dk/Kommunefakta/ |date=2007-08-12 }}, delivered from [http://www.kmd.dk/ KMD] aka Kommunedata (Municipal Data) * Municipal mergers and neighbors: [http://kommune.eniro.dk/danmarkskort/ Eniro new municipalities map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011050224/http://kommune.eniro.dk/danmarkskort/ |date=2007-10-11 }} == Freemit airtins == {{Commonscat|Sønderborg Kommune}} * [http://www.sonderborg.dk Municipality's offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002070919/http://www.sonderborg.dk/ |date=2015-10-02 }} {{da icon}} {{Municipalities o Denmark}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sonderborg}} [[Category:Municipalities o the Region o Soothren Denmark]] [[Category:Sønderborg Municipality| ]] c987ei4gulcry3hlrz5zn5t0dkidnc5 0 33850 918383 910221 2026-06-19T22:06:50Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}} <noinclude>The Mexican [[Poleetical diveesions o Mexico|state]] o [[Nuevo León]] is dividit intae '''51 [[municipality|municipalities]]''', which tak their names frae their municipal seats. [[Image:Mexico map, MX-NLE.svg|right|thumb|[[Nuevo León]] athin Mexico]] The maist populous ane is [[Monterrey]], which serves as the caipital o the state. Ootside the Monterrey Metropolitan Aurie (which consists o [[Apodaca, Nuevo León|Apodaca]], [[Escobedo, Nuevo León|Escobedo]], [[Guadalupe, Nuevo León|Guadalupe]], [[San Nicolás de los Garza]], [[San Pedro Garza García]] an [[Santa Catarina, Nuevo León|Santa Catarina]]) the municipalities tend tae be scaircely populatit. Aside frae [[Cadereyta Jiménez]], [[Juárez, Nuevo León|Juárez]], [[Linares, Nuevo León|Linares]] an [[Montemorelos]], nae ither municipality surpasses 50,000 inhabitants. The lairgest municipality bi aurie is [[Galeana, Nuevo León|Galeana]]. Ane o the smawest ones, [[Hualahuises]], is an [[enclave]] o Linares. Each municipality is heidit bi a mayor (in Spaingie: ''[[presidente municipal]]'' or ''alcalde'') wi a three-year term. Mayors can serve several nan-consecutive terms. </noinclude> {| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="1" style="margin:auto; border:#88a; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; text-align:center;" |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="vertical-align: bottom;"|[[National Institute of Statistics, Geography, and Data Processing|INEGI]] code<br/> | style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 65px;" |Municipality<br/> | style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 90px;" |Municipal seat<br/> | style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 50px;" | Formit<br/> | style="vertical-align: bottom;" | Oreegin an aulder names<br/> | style="vertical-align: bottom;" class="unsortable" |Etymology<br/> | style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 75px;" | Population<br/> | style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 75px;" | Aurie<br/> | style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 75px;" | Densitie<br/> | style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 80px;" class="unsortable"|Cairt<br/>&nbsp; |- |001 || [[Abasolo, Nuevo León|Abasolo]] || [[Abasolo, Nuevo León|Abasolo]] || 1826 || Foondit as the [[Hacienda of Eguía de Viudas]] in 1648, renamit as Abasolo in 1826 || [[Mariano Abasolo]] <small>(1780&ndash;1819)</small> a Mexican revolutionist durin the War o Unthirldom</small> | {{commas|2746}} || {{commas|44}} || 5.22 || [[Image:Abasolo (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |002 || [[Agualeguas]] || [[Agualeguas]] || 1793 || Oreeginally foondit bi Friar Diego Vázquez as a Spanish mission named [[Santa Teresa de Alamillo]], in 1675 changed its name tae [[San Nicolás Gualeguas Mission]], then it wis renamed Agualeguas in 1793 || Its current name comes frae the nou extinct Gualeguas, a native American nomadic tribe, which scarcely inhabited this aurie afore the Spanish dounset | {{commas|3537}} || {{commas|1034}} || 5.55 || [[Image:Agualeguas.png|50px]] |- |003 || [[Allende, Nuevo León|Allende]] || [[Allende, Nuevo León|Allende]] || 1850 || Previously kent as [[Rancho del Reparo]] (Bucking Ranch) formed in 1825 || [[Ignacio Allende]] <small>(Januar 21, 1769&ndash;Juin 26, 1811)</small> a captain o the Spanish Airmy who came tae sympathize wi the Mexican unthirldom movement | {{commas|29568}} || {{commas|186}} || 177 || [[Image:Allende (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |004 || [[Anáhuac, Nuevo León|Anáhuac]] || [[Anáhuac, Nuevo León|Anáhuac]] || 1933 || Merged on Mey 5, 1933, it is the youngest municipality o the state, prior tae 1933, maist of its aurie wis pairt o the [[Lampazos]] and [[Vallecillo, Nuevo León|Vallecillo]] municipalities in [[Nuevo León]], the rest wis bought bi the [[governor of Nuevo León]], [[Bernardo Reyes]] frae the Juárez municipality in the state of [[Coahuila]] in order tae expand Nuevo León's mairch wi [[Texas]] and tae compete wi the bordering Mexican states of [[Coahuila]] and [[Tamaulipas]] in the Import / Export mercat || It is named efter the region which comprises the "Valle de México" or "Meseta de Anáhuac" | {{commas|17983}} || {{commas|4303}} || 4.20 || [[Image:Anáhuac (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |005 || [[Apodaca, Nuevo León|Apodaca]] || [[Apodaca, Nuevo León|Apodaca]] || 1871 || Foondit bi the Portuguese settler [[Gaspar Castano de Sosa|Gaspar Castaño de Sosa]] as the [[Hacienda of San Francisco]] in 1585 || [[Salvador de Apodaca]], a umwhile bishop o the ceety of Linares, Nuevo León | {{commas|418784}} || {{commas|250}} || 1675 || [[Image:Apodaca (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |006 || [[Aramberri]] || [[Aramberri]] || 1877 || Foondit as the [[Santa María de los Angeles de Río Blanco Mission]] bi the Spanish friar Lorenzo Cantú in 1648, later kent as [[Villa de Río Blanco]] frae 1660 tae 1877 || [[José Silvestre Aramberri]], a general frae this municipality who focht in the [[Guerra de reforma|War of Reform]] | {{commas|14692}} || {{commas|2809}} || 5.38 || [[Image:Aramberri (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |007 || [[Bustamante, Nuevo León|Bustamante]] || [[Bustamante, Nuevo León|Bustamante]] || 1832 || Prior tae 1832, wis kent as San Miguel de Aguayo, foondit in 1686 || [[Anastasio Bustamante]], a preses of Mexico, who wis during its presidency when Bustamante wis renamed | {{commas|3326}} || {{commas|558}} || 5.92 || [[Image:Bustamante (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |008 || [[Cadereyta Jiménez]] || [[Cadereyta Jiménez]] || 1825 || Initially foondit as [[Villa de Cadereyta]] in 1637, later kent as [[Villa de San Juan Bautista de Cadereyta]] (1692) || In honour o the [[marquis]] of Cadereyta, Spain [[Lope Díez de Armendáriz|Lope Díez de Armendáriz, marqués de Cadereyta]], forby viceroy o the New Spain. [[Mariano Jiménez]], precursor o the unthirldom in Nuevo León | {{commas|73746}} || {{commas|1153}} || 62.16 || [[Image:Cadereyta Jiménez.png|50px]] |- |009 || [[El Carmen, Nuevo León|El Carmen]] || [[El Carmen, Nuevo León|El Carmen]] || 1852 || Foondit in 1614 bi [[Bernabé de las Casas]] as [[Hacienda de Chipinque]], which wis pairt o the administrative aurie of [[Valle de las Salinas]], creatit as a municipality in 1852 || El Carmen, in honour of Nuestra señora del Carmén, ([[Our Lady of Mount Carmel]]) | {{commas|6996}} || {{commas|101}} || 37.33 || [[Image:El Carmen (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |010 || [[Cerralvo Municipality|Cerralvo]] || [[Ciudad Cerralvo|Cerralvo]] || 1626 || The [[Villa of San Gregorio de Cerralvo]], The auldest municipality o the state as it wis the first Spanish dounset in Nuevo León which teuk place in 1582 in what is nou Cerralvo, Oreeginally it wis the first caipital o the state || In honour o the [[marquis]] of Cerralvo, Spain and fifteenth Viceroy of New Spain [[Rodrigo Pacheco y Osorio, marqués de Cerralvo]], <small>(1565&ndash;1652)</small>, | {{commas|9343}} || {{commas|880}} || 8.6 || [[Image:Cerralvo.png|50px]] |- |011 || [[China, Nuevo León|China]] || [[China, Nuevo León|China]] || 1812 || Initially formed in 1719 as a ranch named [[San Felipe de Jesús of China]], renamed simply as China in 1812, prior tae 1868 included the [[Rancho El Toro]] (Bull's ranch) and [[Rancho del Zacate]] (Gress Ranch) which are nou General Bravo and Doctor Coss municipalities || [[Saint Philip of Jesus]], <small> (1572&ndash;1597)</small>, a Mexican Catholic missionary in China and Japan, who became ane o the [[Twenty-six Martyrs of Japan]] | {{commas|10697}} || {{commas|4092}} || 2.92 || [[Image:China (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |012 || [[Ciénega de Flores (municipality)|Ciénega de Flores]] || [[Ciénega de Flores]] || 1863 || Formed as the [[Hacienda of Ciénega de Flores]], prior tae 1634, the aurie wis pairt o the [[Valle del Carrizal]] || Cienega, a Spanish wird for "boggy", and Flores, the surname of an early rancher o the aurie | {{commas|14268}} || {{commas|171}} || 42.94 || [[Image:Ciénega de Flores.png|50px]] |- |013 || [[Doctor Arroyo, Nuevo León|Doctor Arroyo]] || [[Doctor Arroyo, Nuevo León|Doctor Arroyo]] || 1828 || Previously kent as [[Valle de la Purísima Concepción]] || Dr. [[José Francisco Arroyo]], a doctor, theologist, an the first delegate o the Nuevo León's state congress | {{commas|33269}} || {{commas|5420}} || 7.24 || [[Image:Doctor Arroyo (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |014 || [[Doctor Coss, Nuevo León|Doctor Coss]] || [[Doctor Coss, Nuevo León|Doctor Coss]] || 1882 || Formed in 1740 as the [[Rancho del Zacate]]. prior tae 1882, the aurie wis pairt of what is nou [[China, Nuevo León]] || Dr. [[José María Coss]], a distinguished member o the insurgent Congress | {{commas|1639}} || {{commas|712}} || 2.92 || [[Image:Doctor Coss (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |015 || [[Doctor González, Nuevo León|Doctor González]] || [[Doctor González, Nuevo León|Doctor González]] || 1883 || Prior tae 1883, the aurie wis kent as [[Hacienda de Ramos]] which wis pairt o the [[Valle de las Salinas]] || Dr. [[José Eleuterio González]], a doctor, philanthropist, writer and governor of [[Nuevo León]] in 1870 | {{commas|3092}} || {{commas|628}} || 4.53 || [[Image:Doctor González (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |016 || [[Galeana, Nuevo León|Galeana]] || [[Galeana, Nuevo León|Galeana]] || 1678 || Initially foondit as [[San Pablo de Labradores Mission]], and later kent as The [[Valle of San Pablo de Galeana]] || Hermenegildo Galeana, a soldier o the insurgent airmy during the Mexican War of unthirldom | {{commas|38930}} || {{commas|7154}} || 5.52 || [[Image:Galeana (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |017 || [[García, Nuevo León|García]] || [[García, Nuevo León|García]] || 1851 || Foondit as [[Pesquería Grande]] in 1583 || Joaquín García, governor of [[Nuevo León]] <small>(1829&ndash;1833)</small> and <small>(1837&ndash;1839)</small> | {{commas|51658}} || {{commas|913}} || 33 || [[Image:García (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |018 || [[General Bravo, Nuevo León|General Bravo]] || [[General Bravo, Nuevo León|General Bravo]] || 1863 || Formed as [[Rancho del Toro]] in 1790, Prior tae 1863, the aurie wis pairt of what is nou [[China, Nuevo León]] municipality || [[Nicolás Bravo Rueda]], a Mexican preses and general | {{commas|5385}} || {{commas|1999}} || 2.79 || [[Image:General Bravo (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |019 || [[General Escobedo, Nuevo León|General Escobedo]] || [[General Escobedo, Nuevo León|General Escobedo]] || 1868 || Prior tae 1868, wis kent in 1624 as [[Hacienda of Topo de los Ayala]] || [[Mariano Escobedo]] <small>(1826&ndash;1902)</small>, a [[Nuevo León|New Leonese]] airmy general, and [[governor of Nuevo León]] <small>(1865 and 1866)</small> | {{commas|299364}} || {{commas|207}} || 513.86 || [[Image:General Escobedo (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |020 || [[General Terán (municipality)|General Terán]] || [[General Terán]] || 1851 || The aurie wis pairt of [[Valle de la Mota]] which wis foondit in 1746 || [[Manuel Mier y Terán]], a general o the Mexican war of unthirldom | {{commas|14022}} || {{commas|2477}} || 6.27 || [[Image:General Terán (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |021 || [[General Treviño (municipality)|General Treviño]] || [[General Treviño]] || 1868 || Oreeginally formed as [[Rancho del Puntiagudo]] (Sharp's Ranch) in 1688 || [[Jerónimo Treviño]], a general who participated in the [[Guerra de Reforma|War of reform]] and against the [[French intervention in Mexico]] | {{commas|1476}} || {{commas|356}} || 4.33 || [[Image:General Treviño (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |022 || [[General Zaragoza, Nuevo León|General Zaragoza]] || [[General Zaragoza, Nuevo León|General Zaragoza]] || 1866 || Foondit in 1626 as [[San José de Río Blanco Mission]] bi [[Friar Lorenzo Cantú]], then in 1660 became pairt of what is nou [[Aramberri, Nuevo León]] until 1866 || [[Ignacio Zaragoza]], a Texan general o the Mexican airmy during the [[Battle o Puebla]] | {{commas|5733}} || {{commas|1289}} || 5.03 || [[Image:General Zaragoza (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |023 || [[General Zuazua (municipality)|General Zuazua]] || [[General Zuazua]] || 1863 || Foondit as the [[Hacienda of Santa Helena]] in 1660 || [[Juan Zuazua]] <small>(1821&ndash;1860)</small>, a New Leonese general o the War of Reform an the Mexican-American War | {{commas|6985}} || {{commas|194}} || 48.5 || [[Image:General Zuazua (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |024 || [[Guadalupe, Nuevo León (municipality)|Guadalupe]] || [[Guadalupe, Nuevo León|Guadalupe]] || 1825 || Oreeginally foondit in 1714 as a Spanish mission named [[Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe Mission]] || Its name comes frae the name o the early Spanish mission in the aurie, (Our lady of Guadalupe Mission), in honour o the [[Virgin of Guadalupe]] | {{commas|691931}} || {{commas|118}} || 4,429 || [[Image:Guadalupe (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |025 || [[Hidalgo, Nuevo León|Hidalgo]] || [[Hidalgo, Nuevo León|Hidalgo]] || 1828 || Initially foondit bi the [[Spanish Canarian]] settler [[Bernabé de las casas]] as [[Hacienda de En medio]] (1611), subsequently renamed as [[El pueblito]], and later [[San Nicolás Hidalgo]] || [[Miguel Hidalgo|Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla]] <small>(1753&ndash;1811)</small>, the priest who raised the caw for Mexico's unthirldom frae Spain | {{commas|11668}} || {{commas|109}} || 53 || [[Image:Hidalgo (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |026 || [[Higueras, Nuevo León|Higueras]] || [[Higueras, Nuevo León|Higueras]] || 1863 || Foondit in 1714 as [[Santa Teresa de las Higueras]] bi the Spanish settler Diego González || Higueras, the Spanish wird for the [[Common fig]] tree, which is abundant throughout the aurie | {{commas|1427}} || {{commas|669}} || 2.28 || [[Image:Higueras (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |027 || [[Hualahuises (municipality)|Hualahuises]] || [[Hualahuises]] || 1715 || Foondit in 1646 as the Mission of [[San Cristóbal de los Hualahuises]] bi the Spanish settler [[Martín de Zavala]], but it wis awmaist unpopulated until 1715, in 1908 the aurie aroond the municipality wis annexed intae the [[Linares, Nuevo León|Linares]] municipality, sicweys makin it an [[enclave]] of that municipality || Hualahuises, a native American tribe which inhabited the aurie afore the Spanish dounset in 1646 | {{commas|6631}} || {{commas|165}} || 26.4 || [[Image:Hualahuises.png|50px]] |- |028 || [[Iturbide, Nuevo León|Iturbide]] || [[Iturbide, Nuevo León|Iturbide]] || 1850 || Prior tae 1850 wis kent as [[Hacienda de los San Pedros]] || [[Agustin de Iturbide]] <small>(September 27, 1783&ndash;Julie 19, 1824)</small>, Ane o the national liberators o the Mexico's unthirldom frae Spain, an the first emperor of Mexico frae 1822 tae 1823 | {{commas|3533}} || {{commas|700}} || 4.84 || [[Image:Iturbide (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |029 || [[Juárez, Nuevo León|Juárez]] || [[Juárez, Nuevo León|Juárez]] || 1868 || Oreeginally foondit in 1604 as [[Hacienda de San José]] || [[Don Benito Juárez García]], a umwhile preses of Mexico | {{commas|144380}} || {{commas|275}} || 100.84 || [[Image:Juárez (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |030 || [[Lampazos de Naranjo, Nuevo León|Lampazos de Naranjo]] || [[Lampazos de Naranjo, Nuevo León|Lampazos de Naranjo]] || 1877 || Initially foondit as the Mission of [[Nuestra señora de la Punta de Lampazos]] bi Friar Diego de Salazar in 1698, later creatit as municipality in 1877 || Lampazos wis named in honour o the plant that grows in this aurie [[Xanthosoma Robustum]], the Naranjo pairt wis named in honour tae the New Leonese general Francisco Naranjo who wis frae this municipality | {{commas|5,305}} || {{commas|4020}} || 1.32 || [[Image:Lampazos de Naranjo.png|50px]] |-]] |031 || [[Linares, Nuevo León|Linares]] || [[Linares, Nuevo León|Linares]] || 1712 || Previously kent as [[San Felipe de Linares]], foondit in 1712 || Its name honours [[Fernando de Alencastre]], a viceroy and duke of [[Linares, Spain]] | {{commas|71061}} || {{commas|2322}} || 25.8 || [[Image:Linares (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |032 || [[Los Aldamas (municipality)|Los Aldamas]] || [[Los Aldamas]] || 1820 || Foondit as a Mission, later named [[Villa de Hoyos]], renamed [[Santa María de los Aldamas]] and finally creatit as municipality and renamed as Los Aldamas in 1820 || In honour o the brothers, Juan and Ignacio Aldamas, initiators o the unthirldom of Mexico alang wi Miguel Hidalgo | {{commas|1675}} || {{commas|645}} || 5 || [[Image:Los Aldamas (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |033 || [[Los Herreras (municipality)|Los Herreras]] || [[Los Herreras]] || 1874 || Formed as [[Rancho de la Manteca]] aroond 1760, offeecially creatit as a municipality in 1870 || In honour o the New Leonese brothers, José Martín Herrera an the colonel Rafael Herrera, who participated in the [[Battle o San Bernabé]] | {{commas|2795}} || {{commas|550}} || 7.68 || [[Image:Los Herreras (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |034 || [[Los Ramones (municipality)|Los Ramones]] || [[Los Ramones]] || 1912 || Prior tae 1847 the aurie wis pairt o the Cerralvo municipality an the aurie wis kent as [[Rancho del Capadero]], later annexed tae the Cadereyta municipality and wis kent as [[Valle de San José de los Ramones]], and wis offeecially creatit as a separate municipality until 1912 || In honour o the brothers Juan Ignacio Ramón and Buenaventura Ramón, notable precursors o the Mexican unthirldom movement | {{commas|6538}} || {{commas|1156}} || 5 || [[Image:Los Ramones (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |035 || [[Marín, Nuevo León|Marín]] || [[Marín, Nuevo León|Marín]] || 1804 || Initially formed in 1684 as a ranch named [[Rancho de San Antonio de los Martinez]], renamed as [[Villa de San Carlos de Marín]] in 1804 and subsequently kent as Marin || [[Primo Feliciano Marín de Porras]], a bishop o the New kingdom of León and honour [[chaplain]] o the Spain's keeng | {{commas|4719}} || {{commas|157}} || 26 || [[Image:Marín (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |036 || [[Melchor Ocampo, Nuevo León|Melchor Ocampo]] || [[Melchor Ocampo, Nuevo León|Melchor Ocampo]] || 1924 || Formed as a ranch named [[Charco Redondo]] in 1702 || [[Melchor Ocampo]], Foreign Secretary during the War of Reform | {{commas|1052}} || {{commas|262}} || 7 || [[Image:Melchor Ocampo (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |037 || [[Mier y Noriega (municipality)|Mier y Noriega]] || [[Mier y Noriega]] || 1849 || Foondit aroond 1715 bi Spanish settlers as [[Hacienda de San Antonio de Medina]] || Friar [[Servando Teresa de Mier]], <small>(October 18, 1765&ndash;December 3, 1827)</small>, a Roman Catholic priest frae [[Monterrey]] and a famous preacher and politeecian in New Spain, ane o the maist prominent figures of [[Nuevo León]] during the unthirldom movement of New Spain an aw | {{commas|7047}} || {{commas|981}} || 6 || [[Image:Mier y Noriega (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |038 || [[Mina, Nuevo León|Mina]] || [[Mina, Nuevo León|Mina]] || 1851 || Foondit in 1608 bi the Spanish [[Canarian]] settler [[Bernabé de las Casas]] as the [[Hacienda de San Francisco de Cañas]], forby kent as "Valle de San Francisco de las Cañas" and [[San Francisco de las Cañas]] which wis an administrative aurie o the [[Valle de las Salinas]], it wis declared as a municipality in 1851 || [[Francisco Javier Mina]], <small>(December 15, 1789&ndash;November 11, 1817)</small>, a Spanish lawyer and airmy officer who sympathized wi the Mexican unthirldom frae Spain, convinced bi Friar [[Servando Teresa de Mier]] that it wis possible tae fecht the absolute monarchy of Ferdinand VII in his ain colonies. | {{commas|5384}} || {{commas|3915}} || 1.28 || [[Image:Mina (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |039 || [[Montemorelos (municipality)|Montemorelos]] || [[Montemorelos]] || 1825 || Prior tae 1825, the aurie wis pairt o the [[Valle de San Mateo del Pilón]] established in 1701, which wis previously foondit in 1653 bi the Spanish Captain [[Alonso de León]] || Componed o the words Monte (moontain), and Morelos, a precursor o the independene of Mexico frae Spain | {{commas|53,854}} || {{commas|1700}} || 30.9 || [[Image:Montemorelos.png|50px]] |- |040 || [[Monterrey (municipality)|Monterrey]] || [[Monterrey]] || 1596 || Foondit in its first attempt in 1577 bi [[Alberto del Canto]] as Santa Lucía, foondit again bi [[Luis Carvajal y de la Cueva]] in 1582 as [[San Luis rey de Francia]] but it still wis unpopulated, and wis finally declared foondit wi success on September 20, 1596 bi [[Diego de Montemayor]] as [[Monterrey|Nuestra Señora de Monterrey]] || The ceety is named Monterrey in honour o the Count and Countess of [[Monterrey, Spain]], forby viceroy of New Spain [[Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo]] and his wife | {{commas|1,133,814}} || {{commas|781}} || 2461 || [[Image:Monterrey (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |041 || [[Parás, Nuevo León|Parás]] || [[Parás, Nuevo León|Parás]] || 1851 || Previously formed as a ranch cried [[Rancho del Huizachal de los Canales]], creatit as a municipality in 1851 || [[José María Parás y Ballesteros]], First [[governor of Nuevo León]] as a Mexican state | {{commas|992}} || {{commas|1008}} || 1 || [[Image:Parás (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |042 || [[Pesquería (municipality)|Pesquería]] || [[Pesquería]] || 1844 || Foondit in 1699 as [[Hacienda del Espíritu Santo]], later kent as Hacienda of [[Pesquería Chica]] || Pesquería in Spanish means '[[fishery]]', it wis named sae acause o the [[Pesquería River]], which cross the aurie | {{commas|3075}} || {{commas|346}} || 27 || [[Image:Pesquería.png|50px]] |- |043 || [[Rayones (municipality)|Rayones]] || [[Rayones]] || 1851 || Merged in 1851 as Rayones, prior tae 1851, the municipal seat wis a ranch named [[San Miguel del Tasajal]], which wis pairt o the [[Valle del Pilón]] nou [[Montemorelos]] || In honour o the brothers, Ramón, Ignacio and Francisco Rayón, who focht in the Mexican war of Independence | {{commas|905.20}} || {{commas|844}} || 2.88 || [[Image:Rayones (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |044 || [[Sabinas Hidalgo (municipality)|Sabinas Hidalgo]] || [[Sabinas Hidalgo]] || 1826 || Initially foondit in 1693 as [[Valle de Santiago de las Sabinas]], creatit as a municipality in 1826 || Sabinas, the Spanish wird for "Junipers", coniferous plants abundant in the aurie | {{commas|32,040}} || {{commas|1,393}} || 19.4 || [[Image:SabinasHidalgo.png|50px]] |- |045 || [[Salinas Victoria (municipality)|Salinas Victoria]] || [[Salinas Victoria]] || 1826 || Initially foondit bi the Portuguese settler Luis Carvajal y de la Cueva as "Villa de Cueva" in 1586, subsequently kent as [[Valle de Salinas]], which wis the administrative aurie's seat o the [[Valle de las Salinas]], ane o the five oreeginal administrative auries o the [[New kingdom of León]] || "Salinas" (Spanish for salt marshes) wis chosen acause the lands present saline characteristics. "Victoria" efter the first presidentof Mexico [[Guadalupe Victoria]]. | {{commas|27,848}} || {{commas|1,609}} || 19.4 || [[Image:Salinas Victoria.png|50px]] |- |046 || [[San Nicolás de los Garza (municipality)|San Nicolás de los Garza]] || [[San Nicolás de los Garza]] || 1830 || Foondit in 1596 when the lands war transfer bi [[Diego de Montemayor]] (who successfully haed foondit Monterrey), tae [[Diego Díaz de Berlanga]] and his wife Mariana. It wis kent as [[San Nicolás de los Garza]], creatit as a municipality in 1830 || In honour of [[Saint Nicholas]], an the last pairt in honour o the Garza surname of [[Pedro de la Garza]], an early Spanish settler and rancher o the aurie | {{commas|496,878}} || {{commas|57}} || 5,724 || [[Image:San Nicolás de los Garza.png|50px]] |- |047 || [[San Pedro Garza García (municipality)|San Pedro Garza García]] || [[San Pedro Garza García]] || 1882 || The lands war passed in November, 20 1596 tae Diego de Montemayor's son, [[Diego de Montemayor el mozo]], the aurie wis cried [[San Pedro de los Nogales]] in 1725, later kent as the [[Valle de San Pedro]], and creatit as a municipality in 1882 || "San Pedro", in honour of [[Saint Peter]], and "Garza Garcia", in honour o the governor of Nuevo León, [[Genaro Garza García]] | {{commas|125,978}} || {{commas|86.8 }} || 1,815 || [[Image:San Pedro Garza García.png|50px]] |- |048 || [[Santa Catarina, Nuevo León (municipality)|Santa Catarina]] || [[Santa Catarina, Nuevo León|Santa Catarina]] || 1864 || Foondit in November, 20 1596 bi the Spanish captain [[Lucas García]] as the [[Hacienda de Santa Catarina]], later kent as [[Valle de Santa Catarina]], creatit as a municipality in 1864 || In honour of [[Catherine of Alexandria|Saint Catherine]], as it wis foondit on the eve of Saint Catherine's day (November 24) | {{commas|227,026}} || {{commas|927}} || 230 || [[Image:Santa Catarina (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |049 || [[Santiago, Nuevo León|Santiago]] || [[Santiago, Nuevo León|Santiago]] || 1831 || Foondit in 1648 as [[Valle de Santiago del Huajuco]] bi [[Diego Rodríguez de Montemayor]] ([[Diego de Montemayor's grandson]]) || "[[Santiago (name)|Santiago]]", a Spanish name version o the apostle [[James, son of Alphaeus]] | {{commas|37,886}} || {{commas|732}} || 48.2 || [[Image:Santiago (Nuevo León).png|50px]] |- |050 || [[Vallecillo, Nuevo León (municipality)|Vallecillo]] || [[Vallecillo, Nuevo León|Vallecillo]] || 1825 || Foondit in 1768 as [[Real de San Carlos de Vallecillo]] || In honour of [[El Vallecillo]], a Spanish municipality locatit in the [[province of Teruel]], [[Aragon]], Spain | {{commas|2,169}} || {{commas|1,823}} || 1.16 || [[Image:Vallecillo.png|50px]] |- |051 || [[Villaldama, Nuevo León|Villaldama]] || [[Villaldama, Nuevo León|Villaldama]] || 1826 || Foondit in 1690 as Boca de Leones or Real Boca de Leones, creatit as a municipality in 1826 wi the name of Villaldama || [[Juan Aldama]], ane o the precursors o the unthirldom of Mexico | {{commas|4,247}} || {{commas|1,436}} || 4.87 || [[Image:Villaldama.png|50px]] |}<noinclude> ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_nuevoleon Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México: Nuevo León] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311105121/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_nuevoleon/ |date=2007-03-11 }} {{es icon}} *[http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/rutinas/ept.asp?t=mpob103&c=3850&e=19 INEGI: Population of Nuevo León by municipality (2000)]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051130204407/http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/rutinas/ept.asp?t=mpob103&c=3850&e=19 |date=2005-11-30 }} {{es icon}}. {{Nuevo León}} {{Municipalities o Mexico}} [[Category:Municipalities o Nuevo León| ]] [[Category:Leets o municipalities o Mexico|Nuevo Leon]] mw3pwy88lpt5a0723sw7gsgux72h5qd 0 34150 918411 902699 2026-06-20T00:10:30Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918411 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=280 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+ <big>'''Pando Department'''</big> |- | align="center" colspan="2" | {| border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" ! colspan="2" align="center" | [[Image:Bolivia north.jpg|280px|On the left Madeira River, on the right Abunã River, in the middle the northernmost pynt o Bolivia (see the banner), in the mairch Brazil-Bolivia]] |- | align="center" width="140" | [[Image:Flag_of_Pando.svg|100px|border|Bandera del Departamento de Pando]] | align="center" width="140" | |- | align="center" width="140px" | Depairtment [[Banner]] | align="center" width="140px" | Depairtment [[Coat o Airms]] |- |} '''Motto:''' ''¡Fuerza, trabajo y fe! (Force, wirk an faith!)'' '''Anthem:''' ''Tierra santa vestida de gloria (Holy land, dressed in glory)'' |- | bgcolor="silver" align="center" colspan="2" | [[Image:Pando in Bolivia.svg|280px]] |- | '''[[Caipital ceety|Caipital]]''' || [[Cobija]] |- | '''Lairgest ceety''' || [[Cobija]] |- | '''[[Offeecial leid]]s''' | [[Spaingie leid|Spaingie]] |- |'''[[Provinces]]''' |5 |- | '''[[Aurie]]'''<br/>&nbsp;- tot<br/>&nbsp;- % o Bolivie| [[Rankit leet o Bolivie depairtments#Bi aurie|Place nº 5]]<br/> 63,827&nbsp;km²<br/>5.82% |- | '''[[Population]]'''<br/>&nbsp;- Tot (2005)<br/>&nbsp;- % o Bolivie<br/>&nbsp;- '''[[Density]]''' | [[Rankit leet o Bolivie depairtments#Bi population|Place nº 9]]<br/>60,995<br/>0.7%<br/>0.96 hab/km² |- | '''Creation''' || 24 September 1938 |- | '''[[Prefect]]''' || [[Rafael Bandeira]] (interim) |- |''' [[Senate o Bolivie|Senators]]''' |Manuel Limachi Quispe ([[Muivement Towards Socialism|MAS]]) Mirtha Da Costa Ferreira ([[Muivement Towards Socialism|MAS]]) [[Roger Pinto Molina]] ([[Plan Progress for Bolivie – Naitional Convergence|PPB]]) Carmen Eva Gonzales Lafuente ([[Plan Progress for Bolivie – Naitional Convergence|PPB]]) |- | '''[[Chamber o Deputies o Bolivie|Deputies]]''' || 5 oot o 130 |- |'''Cawin Code:''' || + (591) 3 |- |'''[[Time Zone]]:''' || UTC-4 |- | [[ISO 3166-2:BO|'''ISO 3166-2''']] || BO-N |- | '''Abbreviations''' || PA |- |'''[[Wabsteid]]''' |http://www.pando.gob.bo {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217095442/https://pando.gob.bo/ |date=2022-02-17 }} |} '''Pando''' is a [[Depairtments o Bolivie|department]] o [[Bolivie]], wi an aurie o {{convert|63,827|km2|sqmi}}, adjoinin the mairch wi [[Brazil]]. Pando haes a population 75.335 (2011). Its [[Caipital ceety|caipital]] is the ceety o [[Cobija]]. The depairtment, which is namit efter umwhile preses [[Jose Manuel Pando]] (1899–1905), is dividit intae five provinces. Awtho Pando is rich in naitural resoorces, the poverty level o its indwallers is heich, due lairgely tae a lack o roads effectively linkin the province tae the rest o the kintra an the presence o tropical diseases teepical o life in the Amazonie rain forest. The main economic activities are agricultur, timmer an cattle. At an altitude o 280 meters abuin sea level in the northwastren jungle region, Pando is locatit in the rainiest pairt o Bolivie. Pando haes a het climate, wi temperaturs commonly abuin 26 degrees Celsius (80 Fahrenheit). Pando is the least populous department in Bolivie, the maist tropical (lying closest tae the Equator in the Amazonie Basin), an the maist isolatit, due tae an absence o effective roads linkin it tae the rest o the kintra. It wis organizit at the beginnin o the 20t century frae wha wis left o the Acre Territory, lost tae Brazil as a result o the sae-cried [[Acre War]] (1903). Its caipital ceety o Cobija (the smawest o aw the Bolivie depairtmental caipitals) wis namit efter the hintle-lamentit Bolivie port o the same name on the Paceefic Ocean, pairt o an aurie lost tae [[Chile]] follaein the [[War o the Paceefic]]. Awtho backwaird an remote, Pando is densely forestit an close tae navigable watterwas leadin tae the [[Amazon River]] an frae thare on tae the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. The department underwent a [[rubber]] [[Economic boom|boom]] in the late 19t century an early 20t century, alang wi the northren pairt o nearbi Beni depairtment. The "buim," housomeivver, turned intae a collapse o the rubber industry when [[synthetic rubber]] wis discovered. Culturally, the Pandinos are considered pairt o the sae-cried [[Camba]] cultur o the Bolivie lawlands, seemilar tae the fowk o the kintra's ither twa tropical depairtments, [[Beni Depairtment|Beni]] an Santa Cruz. Mony o Pando's oreeginal settlers muivit frae nearbi Beni. ==Autonomy muivement== Far frae the centers o pouer in Bolivie society, Pando haes recently linkit its fate wi that o Santa Cruz an Beni, which (alang wi Tarija an Chuquisaca) are demandin increased autonomy for the depairtments at the expense o the central govrenment. The govrenment o [[Leopoldo Fernández]] strangly backit autonomy for the depairtment, in alliance wi ither govrenors o the eastren ''media luna'' (hauf-muin, sae kent for thair combined geographic shape). Naitionwide referenda on autonomy held on [[2 Julie]], 2006, wur appruivit in aw fower depairtments. A seicont referendum tae appruive a statute o autonomy wis held bi each depairtment in mid-2008, despite bein declared illegal bi the Naitional Electoral Court in Mairch. Left-wing an pro-Morales social muivements boycottit the votes.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Andean Information Network |url=http://ain-bolivia.org/2008/04/illegal-autonomy-referendum-deepens-division-in-bolivia/ |title=Illegal autonomy referendum deepens division in Bolivia |date=April 17, 2008}}</ref> Pando's referendum, held on [[1 Juin]] 2008, wan 82% appruival amang those who votit, but 46.5% o the registered electorate did vote, the heichest abstention rate in the fower depairtments hauldin sic referenda.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080605015449/http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/americas/news/article_1408718.php/Two_more_Bolivian_provinces_favour_more_autonomy__Roundup_ Two more Bolivian provinces favour more autonomy], ''Monsters & Critics'', 2 June 2008.</ref> Considerable social unrest teuk place in 2008, culminatin in the spectacular reest in September o Prefect Leopoldo Fernández, stemmin frae the [[Porvenir Massacre|massacre at El Porvenir]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=43893|title=Governor Arrested for "Porvenir Massacre"|accessdate=2009=01-27|last=Chavez|first=Franz|date=2008-09-16|publisher=[[Inter Press Service]]|archive-date=2009-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090121015444/http://www.ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=43893|url-status=dead}}</ref> o anti-autonomy backers o Preses [[Evo Morales]]. == Provinces o Pando == * [[Abuná Province|Abuná]] * [[Federico Román Province|Federico Román]] * [[Madre de Dios Province|Madre de Dios]] * [[Manuripi Province|Manuripi]] * [[Nicolás Suárez Province|Nicolás Suárez]] == Leids == The predominat leid in the depairtment is [[Spaingie leid|Spaingie]]. The follaein table shows the nummer o those belangin tae the recognizit group o speakers.<ref>[http://obd.descentralizacion.gob.bo/departamental/fichas/ obd.descentralizacion.gov.bo]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (Spanish)</ref> {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:30%;" border="1" |-bgcolor=siller ! '''Leid''' ! '''Depairtment''' ! '''Bolivie''' |- |[[Quechua leids|Quechua]] | align="right" |1,708 |align="right" |2,281,198 |- |[[Aymara leid|Aymara]] |align="right" |1,848 |align="right" |1,525,321 |- |[[Guaraní leid|Guaraní]] |align="right" |35 |align="right" |62,575 |- |Anither native |align="right" |861 |align="right" |49,432 |- |[[Spaingie leid|Spaingie]] |align="right" |45,969 |align="right" |6,821,626 |- |Foreign |align="right" |7,719 |align="right" |250,754 |- |Anerlie native |align="right" |336 |align="right" |960,491 |- |Native an Spaingie |align="right" |3,676 |align="right" |2,739,407 |- |Spaingie an foreign |align="right" |44,491 |align="right" |4,115,751 |- |} == Places o interest == * [[Manuripi-Heath Amazonian Wildlife Naitional Reserve]] == References == {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == * [http://www.pando.gob.bo Pando Offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217095442/https://pando.gob.bo/ |date=2022-02-17 }} {{Depairtments o Bolivie}} [[Category:Pando Depairtment| ]] [[Category:Depairtments o Bolivie]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1938]] sfo7gwpb2qvrpcdg06oypn58anfxs0a 0 34188 918488 876848 2026-06-20T10:20:27Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox UK place |country =Ingland |official_name =Tixover |region=East Midlands |static_image=[[Image:TixoverChurch(ColinPark)Aug2006.jpg|240px]] |static_image_caption=Tixover Church |area_footnotes=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_AREA_A&u_id=10104403&c_id=10001043&add=Y |title=A vision of Britain through time |accessdate=21 March 2009 |publisher=University of Portsmouth}}</ref> |area_total_sq_mi =1.32 | population = 174 | population_ref = [[Unitit Kinrick Census 2001|2001 Census]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rutland.gov.uk/ppimageupload/Image27657.PDF |title=Rutland Civil Parish Populations |accessdate=21 March 2009 |publisher=Rutland County Council |date=2001 |archive-date=2007-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012204902/http://www.rutland.gov.uk/ppimageupload/Image27657.PDF |url-status=dead }}</ref> |population_density={{convert|132|/sqmi|/km2|abbr=on}} |os_grid_reference=SK975003 |coordinates = {{coord|52.592|-0.561|display=inline,title}} |post_town=STAMFORD |postcode_district =PE9 |postcode_area=PE |dial_code=01780 |constituency_westminster=[[Rutland an Melton (UK Parliament constituency)|Rutland an Melton]] |london_distance={{convert|79|mi}} [[Boxin the compass|SSE]] |unitary_england=[[Rutland]] |lieutenancy_england=[[Rutland]] |shire_county=[[Rutland]] |website= }} '''Tixover''' is a hamlet an [[ceevil parish]] in [[Rutland]]. The parish kirk, St Luke's, near the [[River Welland]], nou staunds aboot 3/4 mile frae the veelage. Tixover Grange, wast o the [[A47 road]], wis hame tae the residential schuil namit efter [[Wilfred Pickles]] frae 1955<ref>[http://www.britishpathe.com/record.php?id=39924 Opening of Wilfred Pickles' School for Spastics]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} British Pathe newsreel 1955</ref> tae the 1980s. Tixover House is nou a care hame, run bi Barchester Healthcare.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.barchester.com/Care-Home/Tixover-House-Care-Home/Overview/330/127 |title=Barchester Healthcare Ltd |access-date=2012-06-24 |archive-date=2011-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110824005136/http://www.barchester.com/Care-Home/Tixover-House-Care-Home/Overview/330/127 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ane o the kintra's maist popular aff-road drivin centres is at Tixover Quarry, which is uised bi mony [[Land Rover]] clubs for days oot, an bi ''Land Rover Owner Magazine'' for vehicle tests an photo shuits. ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commonscat|Tixover}} * [http://www.muddywheels.com/gallery/view_album.php?set_albumName=album09 View some photos o Tixover Quarry] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928185933/http://www.muddywheels.com/gallery/view_album.php?set_albumName=album09 |date=2011-09-28 }} [[Category:Veelages in Rutland]] 688fecl9nxudade6apedycjyhpd4m73 0 34992 918348 885458 2026-06-19T14:18:49Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> | name = Las Tunas Province | native_name = | native_name_lang = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> | settlement_type = [[Provinces o Cuba|Province]] o [[Cuba]] | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Las Tunas in Cuba.svg | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Kintra | subdivision_name = [[Cuba]] | subdivision_type1 = | subdivision_name1 = | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = Caipital | seat = [[Las Tunas (ceety)|Las Tunas]] | parts_type = Municipalities | parts_style = para | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK --> | area_footnotes = <ref name=cubaone/> | area_total_km2 = 6595.25 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_max_m = | population_footnotes = <ref name=cubaone>{{cite web|title=Lugar que ocupa el territorio según la superficie y la población|url=http://www.one.cu/publicaciones/08informacion/2010unamiradaacuba/03Cuba.pdf|work=Una MIRADA a Cuba|publisher=Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas. Cuba|language=Spanish|year=2010|access-date=2012-07-03|archive-date=2019-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190311181658/http://www.one.cu/publicaciones/08informacion/2010unamiradaacuba/03Cuba.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | population_total = 536027 | population_as_of = 2010-12-31 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone1 = [[Eastren Time Zone (North Americae)|EST]] | utc_offset1 = -5 | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = +53-31 | iso_code = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | footnotes = }} '''Las Tunas''' is ane o the [[provinces o Cuba]]. Major touns include [[Puerto Padre]] an [[Amancio, Cuba|Amancio]], as well as the caipital, [[Las Tunas (ceety)|Las Tunas]]. The Las Tunas province wis established in 1976, when it wis split frae the '[[Oriente Province]]. The soothren coast, which opens ontae the [[Gulf o Guacanayabo]], is [[mairsh]]y an characterisit bi [[mangrove]]s. This wet aurie is uised tae grow [[succarcane]], as the wet [[climate]] is well suited for the crop. [[Cattle]] are grazit in the province an aw, which wis, till 1975, pairt o the Oriente province that wis dividit intae five smawer provinces bi the Cuban govrenment. Las Tunas wis juist a sma mercat toun till that year, an a muckle development program wis stairtit tae modrenise the toun an connect it bi road tae [[Havana]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{en icon}} [http://www.periodico26.cu/english.html ''Periodico 26''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080426033229/http://www.periodico26.cu/english.html |date=2008-04-26 }} (Las Tunas Province newspaper) *{{es icon}} [http://www.ltunas.inf.cu/ Las Tunas portal]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113192833/http://www.ltunas.inf.cu/ |date=2008-01-13 }} {{Provinces o Cuba|province=Las Tunas}} [[Category:Las Tunas Province| ]] [[Category:Provinces o Cuba]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1976]] 0pughww2xs6062smgnngqbnwwao9054 0 35028 918454 896379 2026-06-20T06:57:35Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918454 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Aboot|the admeenistrative coonty||Skåne (disambiguation)}} {{Infobox settlement | official_name = Scanie Coonty | native_name = Skåne län | native_name_lang = se | settlement_type = [[Cooties o Swaden|Coonty o Swaden]] | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = Skåne län vapen.svg | seal_size = 75px | seal_alt = Coat o airms | image_blank_emblem = SverigesLän2007Skåne.svg | blank_emblem_type = &nbsp; | blank_emblem_size = 150px | coordinates = | subdivision_type = Kintra | subdivision_name = [[Swaden]] | established_date = 1997 | seat_type = Caipital | seat = [[Malmö]] | leader_party = | leader_title = Govrenor | leader_name = [[Margareta Pålsson]] | leader_title1 = Cooncil | leader_name1 = [[Skåne Regional Cooncil]] | area_footnotes =<ref>http://www.sna.se/webbatlas/lan/skane.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112154228/http://sna.se/webbatlas/lan/skane.html |date=2009-11-12 }} Sveriges Nationalatlas. Retrieved 2 April 2008</ref> | area_total_km2 = 11027 | population_total = 1251213 |population_footnotes =<ref name="scb_kvartal_3_2011">{{cite web | title=Kvartal 1 2011 | publisher=[[Statistics Sweden]] | url=http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____228187.aspx}}</ref> | population_as_of = 31 Mairch 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset1_DST = +2 | blank_name_sec1 = [[Gross domestic product|GDP/ Nominal]] | blank_info_sec1 = [[Swadish krona|SEK]] 278,254 million (2004) | blank1_name_sec1 = [[Gross domestic product|GDP per capita]] | blank1_info_sec1 = [[Swadish krona|SEK]] 331,700 (2010) | blank_name_sec2 = [[First level NUTS o the European Union#Swaden|NUTS Region]] | blank_info_sec2 = SE224 }} [[Image:old provinces scania.png|thumb|260px|right|Coonties afore 1997.]] '''Skåne Coonty''' (''Skåne län''), kent as '''Scanie Coonty''' in Scots an aw, is the soothmaist admeenistrative [[Coonties o Swaden|coonty]] or ''[[län]]'', o [[Swaden]], basically correspondin tae the traditional [[Provinces o Swaden|province]] [[Scanie]] (which in Swadish is cried Skåne). It borders the counties o [[Halland County|Halland]], [[Kronoberg County|Kronoberg]] an [[Blekinge County|Blekinge]]. The seat o residence for the [[Leet o Skåne Govrenors|Skåne Govrenor]] is the toun o [[Malmö]]. The heidquairters o [[Region Skåne]] is the toun o [[Kristianstad]].<ref>[http://www.skane.se/templates/Page.aspx?id=54724 About Region Skåne] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091020203036/http://www.skane.se/templates/Page.aspx?id=54724 |date=2009-10-20 }}. Region Skåne. Retrieved 10 April 2008.</ref> The present coonty wis creatit in 1997 whan [[Kristianstad Coonty]] an [[Malmöhus Coonty]] wur mergit, an it covers aroond 3% o Swaden's tot aurie, but its population o 1,250,000 comprises 13% o Swaden's tot population. ==Endonym an exonym== When the new coonty wis established in 1997, it wis decidit tae name it efter the historical province [[Scanie]], or ''Skåne'', as it is cried in Swadish, sae it wis gien the name ''Skåne län''. The maist common name uised in Scots is ''Skåne Coonty'',<ref>http://www.lansstyrelsen.se/skane/Om_Lansstyrelsen/In+English/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sna.se/webatlas/county/skane.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-07-06 |archive-date=2013-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130131011623/http://www.sna.se/webatlas/county/skane.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://www.polisen.se/en/English/Contact-the-Swedish-Police/</ref> even if the form ''Scanie Coonty'' is no uncommon.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lucram.lu.se/board |title=Lund University |access-date=2012-07-06 |archive-date=2012-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115003341/http://www.lucram.lu.se/board |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/publikationer/620-5458-9.pdf |title=Swedish Environmental Protection Agency |access-date=2012-07-06 |archive-date=2014-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201215250/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/publikationer/620-5458-9.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.nordicnet.net/city/Malmo/ Nordicnet]</ref><ref>[http://www.airportnavfinder.com/airport/ESMS/ Airport Nav Finder]</ref> It can no be considered wrong tae uise either form in Scots. == Heraldry == The coat o arms for Skåne County is the same as for the province o Scania anly wi the [[tincture (heraldry)|tinctures]] reversed an the crown, beak an tongue o the [[Griffin]] in the same colour. When the arms is shawn wi a royal crown it represents the County Administrative Buird, which is the regional presence o (royal) govrenment authority. Blazon: "Gules, a Griffin's head erased Or, crowned and armed the same". == Provinces == Skåne Coonty is the admeenistrative equivalent o the [[province]] o [[Scanie]], but it includes an insignificant pairt o the province o [[Halland]]. == Admeenistration == The seat o residence for the [[Leet o Coonty Govrenors o Swaden|Govrenor]] or ''Landshövding'' is the toun o [[Malmö]]. The Coonty Admeenistrative Buird is a [[Govrenment Agencies in Swaden|Govrenment Agency]] heidit bi a Govrenor. See [[Leet o Skåne Govrenors]]. The twa umwhile admeenistrative coonties o the province o Scanie shawn on the cairt, [[Kristianstad Coonty]] an [[Malmöhus Coonty]], which wur established in 1719 wur mergit in 1997, formin the present coonty wi bundaries that are amaist identical tae the bundaries o the province. == Coonty cooncil == '''[[Skåne Regional Cooncil]]''' (''Region Skåne'') is an evolvit [[Coonty Cooncils o Swaden|Coonty Cooncil]], which wis established in 1999 whan the Coonty Cooncils o the umwhile coonties wur amalgamatit. Its main responsibilities are for the public healcare seestem an public transport. In addition, it haes for a trial period assumit certain tasks frae the Coonty Admeenistrative Buird. Its coonty or regional assembly is the heichest poleetical body in the region an its members are electit bi the electorate,<ref name="RS2">Region Skåne. [http://www.skane.se/templates/Page.aspx?id=43835 Democracy-Increased autonomy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720034039/http://www.skane.se/templates/Page.aspx?id=43835 |date=2009-07-20 }}. Official site. Retrieved 24 August 2007.</ref> as opposed tae the [[Coonty Admeenistrative Buirds o Swaden|coonty admeenistrative buird]], that guards the naitional interests in the coonty unner the chairmanship o the o coonty govrenor (''landshövding'' in Swadish). == Municipalities == [[Image:Skåne County.png|thumb|left|300px|Skånes kommuner.]] Skåne Coonty is subdividit intae 33 [[municipalities o Swaden|municipalities]]<ref>Region Skåne.[http://www.skane.se/templates/Page.aspx?id=56606 Municipalities in Skåne] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110425051045/http://www.skane.se/templates/Page.aspx?id=56606 |date=2011-04-25 }}. Official site. Retrieved 24 August 2007.</ref> (''kommuner'' in Swadish), the lairgest bein [[Malmö Municipality]] (301,000 indwallers), [[Helsingborg Municipality]] (130,000), [[Lund Municipality]] (111,000 indwallers) an [[Kristianstad Municipality]] (80,000 indwallers). The municipalities hae municipal govrenments, seemilar tae [[ceety commission govrenment|ceety commissions]], an are further dividit intae parishes. The parish diveesion is tradeetionally uised bi the [[Kirk o Swaden]], but serves as a diveesionin measur for Swadish census an elections. <table cellpadding=8 cellspacing=8><tr valign=top><td><ol stairt=1> <li>[[Bjuv Municipality|Bjuv]] <li>[[Bromölla Municipality|Bromölla]] <li>[[Burlöv Municipality|Burlöv]] <li>[[Båstad Municipality|Båstad]] <li>[[Eslöv Municipality|Eslöv]] <li>[[Helsingborg Municipality|Helsingborg]] <li>[[Hässleholm Municipality|Hässleholm]] <li>[[Höganäs Municipality|Höganäs]] <li>[[Hörby Municipality|Hörby]] <li>[[Höör Municipality|Höör]] <li>[[Klippan Municipality|Klippan]] </ol><td><ol stairt=12> <li>[[Kristianstad Municipality|Kristianstad]] <li>[[Kävlinge Municipality|Kävlinge]] <li>[[Landskrona Municipality|Landskrona]] <li>[[Lomma Municipality|Lomma]] <li>[[Lund Municipality|Lund]] <li>[[Malmö Municipality|Malmö]] <li>[[Osby Municipality|Osby]] <li>[[Perstorp Municipality|Perstorp]] <li>[[Simrishamn Municipality|Simrishamn]] <li>[[Sjöbo Municipality|Sjöbo]] <li>[[Skurup Municipality|Skurup]] </ol><td><ol stairt=23> <li>[[Staffanstorp Municipality|Staffanstorp]] <li>[[Svalöv Municipality|Svalöv]] <li>[[Svedala Municipality|Svedala]] <li>[[Tomelilla Municipality|Tomelilla]] <li>[[Trelleborg Municipality|Trelleborg]] <li>[[Vellinge Municipality|Vellinge]] <li>[[Ystad Municipality|Ystad]] <li>[[Åstorp Municipality|Åstorp]] <li>[[Ängelholm Municipality|Ängelholm]] <li>[[Örkelljunga Municipality|Örkelljunga]] <li>[[Östra Göinge Municipality|Östra Göinge]] </ol></table> ==Electoral destricts== [[File:SkaneValkretsar.png|thumb|right|300px|The electoral destricts o Skåne Coonty for naitional parliamentary elections]] The coonty is dividit intae fower parliamentary constituences or [[electoral destrict]]s, electin 45 o the 349 members o the ''Riksdag'', the [[Parliament o Swaden]]. Each destrict is made up o ane or mair municipalities. The [[Leet o poleetical pairties in Swaden|poleetical pairties]] are representit bi the follaein nummer o MPs frae Skåne Coonty efter the [[Swadish general election, 2010]]: * [[Moderate Pairty]] 16 * [[Swadish Social Democratic Pairty]] 12 * [[Leeberal Fowkpairty (Swaden)|Leeberal Fowkpairty]] 4 * [[Green Pairty (Swaden)|Green Pairty]] 4 * [[Swaden Democrats]] 4 * [[Centre Pairty (Swaden)|Centre Pairty]] 2 * [[Christian Democrats (Swaden)|Christian Democrats]] 2 * [[Left Pairty (Swaden)|Left Pairty]] 1 == Localities in order o size == The ten maist populous [[urban auries o Swaden|localities]] o Skåne Coonty as defined bi [[Statistics Sweden]] 2005: {| class="wikitable" ! # !! Locality !! Population |- | 1 || '''[[Malmö]]''' || 258,020 |- | 2 || [[Helsingborg]] || 91 457 |- | 3 || [[Lund]] || 76 188 |- | 4 || [[Kristianstad]] || 33 083 |- | 5 || [[Landskrona]] || 28 670 |- | 6 || [[Trelleborg]] || 25 643 |- | 7 || [[Ängelholm]] || 22 537 |- | 8 || [[Hässleholm]]|| 22 548 |- | 9 || [[Ystad]] || 17 286 |- | 10 || [[Eslöv]] || 16 551 |- |} == Transport == {{see also|Skåne commuter rail}} The [[motorwa]] biggit atween Malmö an Lund in 1953 wis the first [[Leet o motorwas in Swaden|motorwa in Swaden]]. Wi the openin o the [[Oresund Brig]] atween [[Malmö]] an [[Copenhagen]] (the langest combined road an rail brig in Europe) in 2000, the Swadish motorwas wur linkit wi [[European route E20]] in Denmark, an the twa kintras' railwey seestems wur pheesically connectit. Afore the brig wis biggit thare wur [[train ferry|train ferries]] operatit atween Helsingborg an Helsingør. Thare are train ferries tae an frae [[Germany]] an [[Poland]] an aw. Scanie haes three major public airports, [[Malmö Airport]], [[Ängelholm-Helsingborg Airport]] an [[Kristianstad Airport]]. Ane o the auldest airports in the warld still in uise is locatit in Scanie, namely [[Ljungbyhed Airport]], in operation syne 1910. Stairtin in 1926, the [[Swadish Air Force]] uused the airport for flicht trainin, an up till the militar schuil wis myuvit tae the nearbi Ängelholm F10 Wing in 1997, the airport wis extremely busy. In the late 1980s, it wis Swaden's busiest airport, wi a record heich o mair nor 1,400 tak-affs an landins per day.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20050907012811/http://www.tfhs.lu.se/english/skolan/6.html Ljungbyhed airport - ESTL]. Fact sheet created by [http://www.lusa.lu.se Lund University School of Aviation]. Retrieved 22 January 2007.</ref> The major ports o Scanie are [[Trelleborg]], [[Copenhagen Malmö Port]] an [[Helsingborg]] Harbour. Ferry connections athor the [[Easter Seas]] operate frae several smawer ports as well. == References == {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == *[http://www.m.lst.se/ Skåne Coonty Admeenistrative Buird] *[http://www.skane.se/ Skåne Regional Cooncil] {{Coonties o Swaden}} {{Skåne Coonty}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Skane Coonty}} [[Category:Coonties o Swaden]] [[Category:Scanie|Coonty]] [[Category:Skåne Coonty| ]] 7d7cjq0vx641qzmrpyp0do1zo20j28g 0 35115 918479 906561 2026-06-20T09:21:16Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group| |group=Swadish fowk<br/>''svenskar'' |image= |caption= |poptime= '''[[Circa|c.]] 14,000,000'''<br />^{''Includin those wi [[:Category:Fowk o Swadish descent|Swadish ancestry]]''} |regions={{flag|Swaden}}:{{nbsp|6}}7,712,376 (2010 est.)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scb.se/Pages/Product____25799.aspx |title=Summary of Population Statistics 1960 - 2008 (corrected version 2009-05-13) |publisher=www.scb.se |date=2009-05-13 |accessdate=2010-02-06}} (excludin 1,661,003 persons, or 17.9% o the population, livin in Swaden wi immigrant backgrund.)</ref>{{center|<small>Other significant population centers:</small>}} '''Swadish-speakin ethnic minorities''' |region1 = {{flag|Finland}} |pop1 = approx. 280,000 <ref>[http://tilastokeskus.fi/til/vaerak/2008/vaerak_2008_2009-03-27_tie_001_fi.html Finnish Population Registry Center 31.12.2008]</ref> '''Swadish citizens/Swadish speakers''' |region2 = {{flag|Spain}} |pop2 = 65,000<ref>[http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____10008.aspx Swedish Embassy, Madrid (2008) - in Swedish] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107100704/http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____10008.aspx |date=2009-01-07 }}</ref> |region3 = {{flag|Unitit States}} |pop3 = 56,324<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mla.org/map_data_results%26SRVY_YEAR%3Dcompare%26geo%3Dus%26state_id%3D%26county_id%3D%26mode%3Dgeographic%26zip%3D%26place_id%3D%26cty_id%3D%26region_id%3D%26division_id%3D%26a%3D%26ea%3D%26order%3D%26ll%3Dall%26pc%3D1 |title=American Community Survey & Census 2000 |access-date=2012-07-13 |archive-date=2012-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118043521/http://www.mla.org/map_data_results%26SRVY_YEAR%3Dcompare%26geo%3Dus%26state_id%3D%26county_id%3D%26mode%3Dgeographic%26zip%3D%26place_id%3D%26cty_id%3D%26region_id%3D%26division_id%3D%26a%3D%26ea%3D%26order%3D%26ll%3Dall%26pc%3D1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |region4 = {{flag|Norawa}} |pop4 = 28 730<ref>[http://www.ssb.no/innvbef/tab-2009-04-30-01.html SSB Population Count 2009 (in Norwegian)]</ref> |region5 = {{flag|Unitit Kinrick}} |pop5 = 22,525<ref name=OECD>{{cite web|url=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/18/23/34792376.xls|title=Country-of-birth database|publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]]|accessdate=2010-01-16}}</ref> |region6 = {{flag|Denmark}} |pop6 = 21,000<ref>[http://www.joshuaproject.net/countries.php?rog3=DA Joshua project-Ethnic groups of Denmark]</ref> |region7 = {{flag|Fraunce}} |pop7 = 16,000<ref>[http://www.boifrankrike.com/ 16 000 svenskar i Frankrike] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531073054/http://boifrankrike.com/ |date=2013-05-31 }}</ref> |region8 = {{flag|Germany}} |pop8 = 9,500<ref name="OECD"/> |region9 = {{flag|Finland}} |pop9 = 9,000 (Swadish citizens) |region10 = {{flag|Australie}} |pop10 = 8,170<ref name=abs34120_2005>{{cite web|url=http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/E0A79B147EA8E0B5CA2572AC001813E8/$File/34120_2005-06.pdf|title=Migration|work=2006 Census|publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]]|format=PDF|date=29 March 2007|accessdate=2010-01-16}} (table 6.8)</ref> |region11 = {{flag|Canadae}} |pop11 = 7,000<ref>[http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____86279.aspx Sweden's embassy in Ottawa (in Swedish)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314024948/http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____86279.aspx |date=2012-03-14 }}</ref> |region12 = {{flag|Italy}} |pop12 = 6000 (est.)<ref>[http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____34111.aspx "Det bor, mer eller mindre permanent, uppskattningsvis 6 000 svenska medborgare i Italien" - Swedish embassy in Rome] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314025034/http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____34111.aspx |date=2012-03-14 }}</ref> |region13 = {{flag|Brazil}} |pop13 = 23,048 (est.) |region15 = {{flag|Mexico}} |pop15 = 425 |region16 = {{flag|Estonie}} |pop16 = 300<ref>{{cite web|title=PC225: Population By Ethnic Nationality, Mother Tongue and Citizenship|url=http://pub.stat.ee/px-web.2001/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=PC225&path=../I_Databas/Population_census/08Ethnic_nationality._Mother_tongue._Command_of_foreign_languages/&lang=1|work=Estonian Population Census 2000|publisher=[[Statistics Estonia]]|accessdate=10 July 2010}}</ref> |region17 = {{flag|Ukraine}} |pop17 = 108 |region18 = {{flag|Argentinae}} |pop18 = 800<ref>[http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____78042.aspx Sweden's embassy in Argentina (in Swedish)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100626055805/http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____78042.aspx |date=2010-06-26 }}</ref> |region19 = Ither regions |pop19 = 72,000<ref>[http://www.scb.se/Pages/PressRelease____117039.aspx SCB] estimates that 300,000 Swedes live abroad. The countries above add up to roughly 228,000.</ref> '''Persons wi Swadish ancestry''' |region20 = {{flag|Unitit States}} |pop20 = 4,325,000<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=01000US&-qr_name=ACS_2004_EST_G00_DP2&-ds_name=ACS_2004_EST_G00_&-_lang=en&-_sse=on |title=US Census Bureau |access-date=2012-07-13 |archive-date=2008-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080305052735/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=01000US&-qr_name=ACS_2004_EST_G00_DP2&-ds_name=ACS_2004_EST_G00_&-_lang=en&-_sse=on |url-status=dead }}</ref> |region21 = {{flag|Canadae}} |pop21 = 334,765<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000 |title=Statistics Canada - Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories |access-date=2012-07-13 |archive-date=2019-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106221808/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-562/pages/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=2&Data=Count&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |region22 = {{flag|Argentinae}} |pop22 = 175,000<ref>[[Swedish-Argentines]]</ref> (est.) |region23 = {{flag|Australie}} |pop23 = 30,375<ref>[http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ViewData?action=404&documentproductno=0&documenttype=Details&order=1&tabname=Details&areacode=0&issue=2006&producttype=Census%20Tables&javascript=true&textversion=false&navmapdisplayed=true&breadcrumb=TLPD&&collection=Census&period=2006&productlabel=Ancestry%20(full%20classification%20list)%20by%20Sex&producttype=Census%20Tables&method=Place%20of%20Usual%20Residence&topic=Ancestry& 2006 Australian Census] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080722065340/http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ViewData?action=404&documentproductno=0&documenttype=Details&order=1&tabname=Details&areacode=0&issue=2006&producttype=Census%20Tables&javascript=true&textversion=false&navmapdisplayed=true&breadcrumb=TLPD&&collection=Census&period=2006&productlabel=Ancestry%20(full%20classification%20list)%20by%20Sex&producttype=Census%20Tables&method=Place%20of%20Usual%20Residence&topic=Ancestry& |date=2008-07-22 }} Reports 30,375 people of Swedish Ancestry</ref> |region24 = {{flag|New Zealand}} |pop24 = 1,257<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/scandinavians/5c=The |title=Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand |access-date=2012-07-13 |archive-date=2018-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209113850/https://teara.govt.nz/en/scandinavians/5c=The |url-status=dead }}</ref> |langs=[[Swadish leid|Swadish]] |region25 = {{flag|Brazil}} |pop25 = 32,975<ref>[http://www.ibge.govt.br/en/scandinavians/]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |langs=[[Swadish leid|Swadish]] |rels= Mainly [[Lutheranism]] an mair recently [[Secularism]]. An aw see [[Releegion in Swaden]]. Historically [[Norse paganism]] |related=Ither [[Scandinavie]] fowks |}} '''Swedes''' ({{lang-sv|svenskar}}) are a [[naition]] an [[ethnic group]] native tae Swaden, maistly inhabitin [[Swaden]] an the ither [[Nordic kintras]], wi descendants livin in a nummer o kintras. ==Etymologie== {{See|Name o Swaden}} Maist scholars gree that ''Suiones'' an the attestit Germanic forms o the name derive frae the same [[Proto-Indo-European leid|Proto-Indo-European]] [[reflexive pronoun|reflexive pronominal]] ruit, {{PIE|*s(w)e}}, as the [[Laitin]] ''suus''. The wird must hae meant "ane's awn (tribesmen)". In modren Scandinavie, the same ruit appears in wirds such as ''svåger'' (brither-in-law) and ''svägerska'' (sister-in-law). The same ruit an oreeginal meanin is foond in the ethnonym o the Germanic tribe [[Suebi]], preservit tae this day in the name [[Schwaben]].<ref>Noreen, A. ''Nordens äldsta folk- och ortnamn'' (i Fornvännen 1920 sid 32).</ref><ref>name = pokorny>[http://www.ieed.nl/cgi-bin/response.cgi?flags=eygtnrl&single=1&basename=/data/ie/pokorny&text_recno=1653&root=leiden Pokorny. Indogermanisches Etymologisches Woerterbuch. 1959] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613010656/http://www.ieed.nl/cgi-bin/response.cgi?flags=eygtnrl&single=1&basename=%2Fdata%2Fie%2Fpokorny&text_recno=1653&root=leiden |date=2011-06-13 }}</ref><ref>[https://runeberg.org/svetym/1003.html Hellquist, Elof. 1922. Svensk etymologisk ordbok. Svear]</ref><ref>Bandle, Oskar. 2002.</ref> ==References== {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} == Freemit airtins == * [http://international.monster.com/workabroad/articles/swedenguide/ The Global Etiquette Guide: Swaden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040604115819/http://international.monster.com/workabroad/articles/swedenguide/ |date=2004-06-04 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Swadish Fowk}} [[Category:North Germanic fowks]] [[Category:Ethnic groups in Swaden]] [[Category:Ethnic groups in Europe]] [[Category:Swadish fowk| ]] h7kawacytx8aljzsua50oskywcyref6 0 35245 918409 908994 2026-06-20T00:07:29Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name = Pachuca |native_name = Pachuca de Soto |nickname = La Bella Airosa (The Windy Beauty) |settlement_type = [[Ceety]] an [[Municipality]] |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = 270px |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = Pachuca sello.jpg |image_shield = |image_blank_emblem = Logo_pachuca_2012.jpg |blank_emblem_type = Logo |image_map = 048 Esperanto Hidalgo.png |mapsize = 180px |map_caption = Location o Pachuca athin Hidalgo |pushpin_map = Mexico |pushpin_mapsize = 300 |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Poleetical diveesions o Mexico|State]] |subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Hidalgo}} |subdivision_type2 = [[Municipality]] |subdivision_name2 = Pachuca |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |government_type = [[Ayuntamiento]] |leader_party = [[PRI]] |leader_title = Mayor or [[Municipal Preses]] |leader_name = Eleazar García |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of = 2005 |population_footnotes = Municipality |population_note = |population_total = 275,578 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = Seat |population_blank1 = 267,751 <!-- population of seat --> |population_blank2_title = |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |coordinates = {{coord|20|7|18|N|98|44|09|W|region:MX|display=inline}} |timezone = [[Central Standard Time|CST]] |utc_offset = −6 |timezone_DST = [[Central Daylicht Time|CDT]] |utc_offset_DST = −5 |elevation_m = 2432 |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |website = [http://www.pachuca.gob.mx/ www.pachuca.gob.mx] |footnotes = }} '''Pachuca''', formally kent as '''Pachuca de Soto''', is the caipital o the [[Mexico|Mexican]] [[Poleetical diveesions o Mexico|state]] o [[Hidalgo (state)|Hidalgo]]. It is locatit in the sooth-central pairt o the state. Pachuca de Soto is the name o the municipality o which the ceety serves as municipal seat. Pachuca is locatit aboot 90&nbsp;km frae [[Mexico Ceety]] via Heich-gate 85.<ref name="tips">{{cite web |first=Antonio |last=Aldama |title=Tips viajero Pachuca (Hidalgo) |url=http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/notas/5029-Tips-viajero-Pachuca-%28Hidalgo%29 |publisher=Mexico Desconocido |location=Mexico City |language=Spanish |trans_title=Travelers tips Pachuca (Hidalgo) |accessdate=2009-10-08 |archive-date=2009-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416140420/http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/notas/5029-Tips-viajero-Pachuca-(Hidalgo) |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==The ceety== The ceety occupees a smaw glen an is amaist completely surroondit bi muckle hills, which are covered in hoosin an aw.<ref name="encmuc"/> The ceety centre haes maintained maist o its colonial-era structurs, wi narrae windin streets. Awa frae this centre is the mair modren Pachuca, wi warehooses, factories, supermercats an a [[Estadio Hidalgo|lairge fitbaa stadium]] cried “El Huracán” (The Hurricane). The [[C.F. Pachuca|local team]] haes wan aicht naitional an internaitional titles here syne it wis built.<ref name="pizano">{{cite web |first=Carmen |last=Pizano |title=Pachuca, ciudad con historia y con sabor |url=http://www.ciudadnorte.info/826/pachuca-ciudad-con-historia-y-con-sabor/index.html |publisher=Ciudad Norte |language=Spanish |trans_title=Pachuca, city with history and flavour |accessdate=2009-10-08 |archive-date=2009-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090909002120/http://www.ciudadnorte.info/826/pachuca-ciudad-con-historia-y-con-sabor/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ceety proper haes a population (2005) o 267,751 which is 97% o the population o the municipality.<ref name="conapo">{{cite web |title=Delimitación de las zonas metropolitanas de México 200 |url=http://www.conapo.gob.mx/publicaciones/dzm2005/zm_2005.pdf |publisher=CONAPO |accessdate=2012-01-08 |archive-date=2011-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106123910/http://conapo.gob.mx/publicaciones/dzm2005/zm_2005.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Pachuca zona metropolitana (ZM) is ane o the 56 offeecially defined auries for the 2005 Census (2010 no released) consistin o the municipalities o Pachuca de Soto, Real del Monte, an [[Mineral de la Reforma]] for a total o 7 municipios, wi a combined population o 438,692 inhabitants as o 2005, up frae 375,022 in 2000, coverin 1202&nbsp;km².<ref name="conapo"/> Pachuca wis declared the caipital o Hidalgo bi Benito Juárez in 1869.<ref name="pizano"/> == The municipality == [[File:Centro Comercial Galerias.JPG|200px|thumb|[[Plaza Galerias Pachuca]].]] The ceety an municipality o Pachuca are nearly co-extensive, as the ceety grows tae cover juist aboot aw o the available open space. This haes eradicatit amaist aw o the municipality’s native flora an fauna. The municipality contains anerlie fifteen ither commonties accordin tae the 2005 INEGI census wi aw but twa haein less nor 1500 fowk, an anerlie three percent o the municipality population o 275,578 lives ootside the ceety proper.<ref name="inegi">{{cite web |title= Principales resultados por localidad 2005 (ITER) |url= http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/default.asp?s=est&c=10395 |publisher=INEGI |accessdate=2009-10-08 }}</ref> The owerwhelmin majority o the residents are Catholic but the ceety haes a significant percentage o Protestants, mostly descendants o Inglis miners.<ref name="encmuc"/> The municipality is locatit on vera ruggit terrain wi varies in altitude atween 2,400 an 2,800 meters abuin sea level.<ref name="encmuc"/><ref name="inegi"/> It is locatit on the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt an the anerlie major flat aurie is whare the ceety center is. Twa notable peaks are the Cerro del Cuixi, the Cerro de San Cristóbal an the Cerro de Cubitos. Rivers that cross through here are the Actopan, the Amajac an the Tezontepec. The municipality has a territory f 195,30 km2 an borders the municipalities o [[Mineral del Chico]], Mineral del Monte, [[Zempoala, Hidalgo|Zempoala]], [[Zapotlán de Juárez]], Mineral de la Reforma, [[Epazoyucan]] an [[San Agustín Tlaxiaca]]. The climate is temperate an relatively cauld wi strang winds durin aicht tae nine month oot o the year. These can reach speeds o 60–65&nbsp;km an oor.<ref name="encmuc"/> == Sister ceeties == *{{flagicon|Bolivia}} [[La Paz]], [[Bolivie]] *{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Ponferrada]], [[Spain]] *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Little Rock]], [[Arkansas]], [[Unitit States]] *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]] *{{flagicon|Cornwall}} [[Camborne]], [[Cornwall]], [[Unitit Kinrick]]<ref>[http://www.cornish-mexico.org/news.htm Camborne twinned with Pachuca, Mexico] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018161110/http://www.cornish-mexico.org/news.htm |date=2015-10-18 }}</ref> *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Eagle Pass, Texas]], [[Unitit States]]<ref>[http://www.oem.com.mx/elsoldehidalgo/notas/n1375351.htm Eagle Pass y Pachuca, ciudades hermanas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009124649/http://www.oem.com.mx/elsoldehidalgo/notas/n1375351.htm |date=2012-10-09 }} Periódico ''El Sol de Hidalgo'' 24 de octubre de 2009</ref> == See an aw == {{commons|Pachuca de Soto}} * [[Cornish pasty]] * [[Paste (fuid)|Paste]] {{-}} == References == {{reflist|2}} == Freemit airtins == * [http://www.pachuca.gob.mx/ Ayuntamiento de Pachuca de Soto] Offeecial wabsteid {{MexicoStateCaipitals}} {{Hidalgo}} [[Category:Municipalities o Hidalgo (state)]] [[Category:Populatit places in Hidalgo (state)]] [[Category:Caipitals o states o Mexico]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1528]] {{Stub/Mexico}} ta10edbho2md698imxz6w0ao0hwe8s0 0 36635 918363 916593 2026-06-19T15:08:12Z EUPBR 123878 918363 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots}}{{Infobox settlement |name = Olsztyn |motto = Olsztyn – Miasto Młode Duchem…<br />(Olsztyn– ceety o a young spirit…) |image_skyline =2024-07 Olsztyn (72).jpg |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Auld Toun |image_flag = POL Olsztyn flag.svg |image_shield = POL Olsztyn COA.svg |pushpin_map = Poland |pushpin_label_position = bottom |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Poland}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships o Poland|Voivodeship]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Warmie-Masurie Voivodeship|Warmie-Masurie]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|Coonty]] |subdivision_name2 = ''ceety coonty'' |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Piotr Grzymowicz |established_title = Established |established_date = 14t century |established_title3 = Toun richts |established_date3 = 1353 |elevation_min_m = 88 |elevation_max_m = 154 |area_total_km2 = 88.328 |population_as_of = 2009 |population_total = 176387 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_metro = 270000 |timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]] |utc_offset = +1 |timezone_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +2 |coordinates = {{coord|53|47|N|20|30|E|region:PL|display=inline}} |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 10-001 to 11–041 |area_code = +48 89 |website = http://www.olsztyn.eu |blank_name = [[Pols caur number plates|Caur plates]] |blank_info = NO }} [[File:Schloss Allenstein.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Ordensburg]] castle built bi the [[Teutonic Knichts]]]] '''Olsztyn''' ({{IPA-pl|ˈɔl.ʂtɨn|-|Pl-Olsztyn.ogg}}; {{lang-de|link=no|Allenstein}}, {{IPA-de|ˈalənʃtaɪ̯n|}}; [[Auld Pols leid|Auld Pols]]: ''Holstin''; [[Auld Proushian]]: ''Alnāsteini''; {{lang-lt|label=[[Lithuanian leid|Lithuanian]]|Olštynas}}) is a ceety on the [[Łyna River]] in northeastren [[Poland]]. Olsztyn haes been the caipital o the [[Warmie-Masurie Voivodeship]] syne 1999. It wis previously in the [[Olsztyn Voivodeship]] (an in [[voivodeships o Poland|ither units]] in 1945–75 an 1975–98). The ceety haes coonty status. == History == In 1346 the auld Posuhie [[Warmie]] forest in the vicinity wis cleared an a place wis selectit on the ''Alle'', nou Łyna River, for a new settlement. The [[Teutonic Knichts]] began the construction o [[Ordensburg]] castle in 1347 as a stranghauld against the [[Auld Proushies]], an the settlement o Allenstein wis first mentioned the follaein year. The German name ''Allenstein'' meant a castle on the Alle River. It became kent in Pols transliteration as ''Olsztyn''. The settlement receivit [[German toun law|municipal richts]] frae [[Johannes von Leysen]] on 31 October 1353, an the castle wis completit in 1397. Allenstein wis incorporatit intae the [[Kinrick o Poland (1385–1569)|Kinrick o Poland]] durin the [[Pols–Lithuanie–Teutonic War|Pols-Lithuanie-Teutonic War]] in 1410 an in 1414 durin the [[Hunger War]], but wis returned tae the [[monastic state o the Teutonic Knichts]] efter hostilities endit. Allenstein joined the [[Proushie Confederation]] in 1440. It rebelled against the Teutonic Knichts in 1454 upon the ootbreak o the [[Thirteen Years' War (1454–66)|Thirteen Years' War]] an requestit protection frae the [[Croun o the Kinrick o Poland|Pols Croun]]. Although the Teutonic Knichts captured the toun in the follaein year, it wis retaken bi Pols troops in 1463. The [[Seicont Peace o Thorn (1466)]] allocatit Allenstein an the [[Roman Catholic Airchdiocese o Warmie|Bishopric o Warmie]] as pairt o [[Ryal Proushie]] unner the sovereignty o the Croun o Poland. Frae 1516–21, [[Nicolaus Copernicus]] livit at the castle as admeenistrator o Allenstein an [[Pieniężno|Mehlsack (Pieniężno)]]; he wis in chairge o the [[Siege o Olsztyn|defenses o Allenstein]] an [[Warmie]] durin the [[Pols–Teutonic War (1519–1521)|Pols-Teutonic War o 1519–21]]. Allenstein wis sacked bi [[Swadish Empire|Swadish]] troops in 1655 an 1708 durin the [[Pols–Swadish wars|Pols-Swadish wars]], an the toun's population wis nearly wipit oot in 1710 bi epidemics o [[bubonic plague]] an [[cholera]]. Allenstein wis annexed bi the [[Kinrick o Proushie]] in 1772 durin the [[First Pairtition o Poland]]. A Proushie census recordit a population o 1,770 fowk, predominantly fermers, in Allenstein, which wis admeenistered athin the [[Province o East Proushie]]. It wis visitit bi [[Napoleon I|Napoleon Bonaparte]] in 1807 efter his victories ower the [[Proushie Airmy]] at [[Battle o Jena-Auerstedt|Jena an Auerstedt]]. In 1825 the ceety wis inhabitit bi 1266 Poles an 1341 Germans<ref>Historia Pomorza:(1815-1850),Gerard Labuda, Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk,page 157, 1993</ref> The German leid newspaper, ''[[Allensteiner Zeitung]]'', wis first published in 1841. The toun hospital wis foondit in 1867. [[File:Kopernikusplatz(plac Bema) - 16.04.1917.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Allenstein's Kopernikusplatz (now Plac Bema) in 1917]] Allenstein became parit o the [[German Empire]] in 1871 durin the Proushie-led [[unification o Germany]]. Twa years later the ceety wis connectit bi railwey tae [[Toruń|Thorn (Toruń)]]. Its first [[Pols leid]] newspaper, the ''[[Gazeta Olsztyńska]]'', wis foondit in 1886. Allenstein's infrastructur developit rapidly: gas wis instawed in 1890, telephones in 1892, public watter supply in 1898, an electricity in 1907. The ceety became the caipital o [[Allenstein (region)|Regierungsbezirk Allenstein]], a govrenment admeenistrative region in East Proushie, in 1905. Frae 1818–1910 the ceety wis admeenistered athin the East Proushie [[Allenstein (destrict)|Allenstein Destrict]], efter which it became an [[independent ceety]]. Shortly efter the ootbreak o Warld War I, truips o the [[Roushie Empire]] captured Allenstein in 1914, but it wis recovered bi the [[German Airmy (German Empire)|Imperial German Airmy]] in the [[Battle o Tannenberg (1914)|Battle o Tannenberg]]. The battle actually teuk place hintle closer tae Allenstein than Tannenberg (nou [[Stębark]]), but the victorious Germans, haein been defeatit in the [[Battle o Grunwald|medieval battle o Tannenberg]], namit it as such for [[propaganda]] purposes). In 1920 durin the [[East Proushie plebiscite]], Allenstein votit tae remain in German East Prussia insteid o becomin pairt o the [[Seicont Pols Republic]]. The fitbaa club [[SV Hindenburg Allenstein]] played in Allenstein frae 1921 tae 45. Efter the [[Nazi Pairty|Nazi]] [[Machtergreifung|seizur o power]] in 1933, [[Poles]] an Jews in Allenstein wur increasingly persecutit. In 1935 the [[Wehrmacht]] made the ceety the seat o the ''Allenstein Militärische Bereich''. It wis the hame o the 11t Infanterie Diveesion, the 11t Airtillery Regiment, an the 217th Infanterie Diveesion. [[File:Stamp Allenstein 1920 5pf.jpg|right|120px|thumb|5-Pfennig stamp]] In 1920 a [[East Poushie plebiscite|plebiscite]] wis held tae determine whether the ceety's populace wished tae remain in [[East Proushie]] or become pairt o [[Seicont Pols Republic|Poland]]. In order tae advertise the plebiscite, special postage stamps wur producit bi [[owerprint]]in German stamps an sauld frae 3 Aprile. Ane kynd o overprint read <small>'''PLÉBISCITE / OLSZTYN / ALLENSTEIN'''</small>, while the ither read <small>'''TRAITÉ / DE / VERSAILLES / ART. 94 et 95'''</small> inside an oval whose border gave the full name o the plebiscite commission. Each owerprint wis appleed tae 14 denominations rangin frae 5 [[Pfennig|Pf]] tae 3 [[Mark (money)|M]]. The plebiscite wis held on 11 Julie, an producit 362,209 votes (97.8 %) for East Proushie an 7,980 votes (2.2 %) for Poland. The stamps became invalid on 20 August. Despite their short period o uise, amaist aw o the stamps are cheaply available baith uised an unuised. On 12 October 1939, efter the [[invasion o Poland]] that began Warld War II, the Wehrmacht established an Aurie Heidquairters for [[Militar destrict (Germany)|Wehrkreis]] I that controlled the sub-auries o Allenstein, [[Giżycko|Lötzen (Giżycko)]] an [[Ciechanów|Zichenau (Ciechanów)]]. Beginnin in 1939, members o the Pols-speakin minority, especially members o the [[Union o Poles in Germany]], wur deportit tae [[Nazi concentration camps]]. Allenstein wis plundered an burnt bi the invadin [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Red Airmy]] on 22 Januar 1945, as the [[Eastren Front (Warld War II)|Eastren Front]] reached the ceety. Allenstein's German population [[Evacuation o East Proushie|evacuatit the region]] or wur [[:en:Flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland during and after World War II|subsequently expelled]]. On 2 August 1945, the ceety wis placit unner Pols admeenistration bi the Soviets (accordin tae the [[Potsdam Greement]]) an offeecially renamit tae Pols ''Olsztyn''. In October 1945, the German population o Olsztyn wis expelled bi Order o the Ceety Commanders o Olsztyn an ordered tae assemble on 18 October at [[Karl Roensch]] Street barracks camp for transfer tae Germany an in the case o nan-compliance wur tae be put in a "punishment camp". A [[Tyre (wheel)|tyre]] factory wis foondit in Olsztyn in 1967. == Geografie == Locatit in the northeast pairt o Poland in the "Thoosans Lakes Aurie" === Green belt === Mair nor hauf o the forests occupeein 21.2 % o the ceety aurie form a single complex o the Municipal Forest (1050 ha) uised mainly for recreation an tourism purposes. Athin the Municipal Forest aurie are situatit twa peat-laund flora sanctuars, [[Mszar]] an [[Redykajny]]. Municipal greenery (560 ha, 6.5 % o the toun aurie) developit in the form of numerous pairks, green spots an three cemeteries ower a century-auld. The greenery includes 910 monuments o natur an groups o protectit trees in the form o [[beech]], [[aik]], [[maple]] an [[Lime (fruit)|lime]]-lined avenues. === Lochs === The ceety is situatit in a loch region o forests an plains. There are 15 lochs inside the admeenistrative boonds o the ceety (13 wi auries greater than 1 [[hectare|ha]]). The oweraw aurie o lochs in Olsztyn is aboot 725 ha, which constitutes 8.25 % o the total ceety aurie. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="border:1px solid #f2f2f2; margin:1px 0; font-size:84%;" |- !| Loch !| Aurie ([[hectare|ha]]) !| Maximum depth (m) |- | [[Loch Ukiel|Loch Ukiel (a.k.a. Jezioro Krzywe)]] || 412 || 43 |- | [[Loch Kortowskie]] || 89.7 || 17.2 |- | [[Loch Track|Loch Track (a.k.a. Jezioro Trackie)]] || 52.8 || 4.6 |- | [[Loch Skanda]] || 51.5 || 12 |- | [[Loch Redykajny]] || 29.9 || 20.6 |- | [[Loch Długie]] || 26.8 || 17.2 |- | [[Loch Sukiel]] || 20.8 || 25 |- | [[Loch Tyrsko|Loch Tyrsko (a.k.a. Jezioro Gutkowskie)]] || 18.6 || 30.6 |- | [[Loch Stary Dwór|Loch Stary Dwór (a.k.a. Jezioro Starodworskie )]] || 6.0 || 23.3 |- | [[Loch Siginek|Loch Siginek (a.k.a. Jezioro Kopytko, Jezioro Podkówka, Jezioro Styginek)]] || 6.0 || insufficient data |- | [[Loch Czarne]] || approximately 1.3 || insufficient data |- | [[Lake Żbik]] || approximately 1.2 || insufficient data |- | [[Loch Pereszkowo|Loch Pereszkowo (a.k.a. Jezioro Pyszkowo)]] || approximately 1.2 || insufficient data |- | [[Mummelsee|Loch Mummel (a.k.a. Jezioro Mumel)]] || approximately 0.3 || insufficient data |- | [[Loch Modrzewiowe]] || 0.25 || insufficient data |} === Demografics === [[File:Olsztyn-Stadttor.jpg|thumb|The Upper Gate (Heich Gate) in the Auld Toun]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year ! Population |- | 1772 | 1,770 |- | 1846 | 4,000 |- | 1875 | 6,000 |- | 1885 | 11,555 |- | 1890 | 19,373 |- | 1895 | 25,000 |- | 1939 | 50,000 |- | 1941 | 54,300 |- | 1946 | 23,000 |- | 1950 | 45,000 |- | 1972 | over 100,000 |- | 1994 | 165,000 |- | 2000 | 170,000 |- | 2009 (30 Juin) | 176,387 |} == Administrative diveesion == [[File:Olsztyn-ratusz.jpg|thumb|300px|Ceety hall]] Olsztyn is dividit intae 23 destricts: {|border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center; font-size:84%" |- !Destrict || Population || Aurie || [[Population densitie|Densitie]] |- |[[Brzeziny, Olsztyn|Brzeziny]] ||align=right| 1,456 || 2.25&nbsp;km² || 647.1/km² |- |[[Dajtki]] ||align=right| 5,863 || 7.5&nbsp;km² || 781.7/km² |- |[[Osiedle Generałów|Generałów]] ||align=right| 6,500 || nae data || nae data |- |[[Osiedle Grunwaldzkie, Olsztyn|Grunwaldzkie]] ||align=right| 6,027 || 1.46&nbsp;km² || 4,128.1/km² |- |[[Gutkowo, Olsztyn|Gutkowo]] ||align=right| 2,256 || 7.2&nbsp;km² || 313.3/km² |- |[[Jaroty, Olsztyn|Jaroty]] ||align=right| 29,046 || 4.82&nbsp;km² || 6,026.1/km² |- |[[Osiedle Kętrzyńskiego|Kętrzyńskiego]] ||align=right| 7,621 || 4.83&nbsp;km² || 1,577.8/km² |- |[[Kormoran, Olsztyn|Kormoran]] ||align=right| 16,166 || 1.1&nbsp;km² || 14,696.4/km² |- |[[Kortowo]] ||align=right| 1,131 || 4.22&nbsp;km² || 268/km² |- |[[Osiedle Kościuszki|Kościuszki]] ||align=right| 6,704 || 1.18&nbsp;km² || 5,681.4/km² |- |[[Likusy, Olsztyn|Likusy]] ||align=right| 2,286 || 2.1&nbsp;km² || 1,088.6/km² |- |[[Osiedle Mazurskie|Mazurskie]] ||align=right| 4,615 || 5.98&nbsp;km² || 771.7/km² |- |[[Osiedle Nad Jeziorem Długim|Nad Jeziorem Długim]] ||align=right| 2,408 || 4.23&nbsp;km² || 569.3/km² |- |[[Nagórki, Olsztyn|Nagórki]] ||align=right| 12,538 || 1.69&nbsp;km² || 7,418.9/km² |- |[[Pieczewo, Olsztyn|Pieczewo]] ||align=right| 10,918 || 2.24&nbsp;km² || 4,874.1/km² |- |[[Podgrodzie, Olsztyn|Podgrodzie]] ||align=right| 11,080 || 1.35&nbsp;km² || 8,207.4/km² |- |[[Podleśna, Olsztyn|Podleśna]] ||align=right| 10,414 || 9.93&nbsp;km² || 1,048.7/km² |- |[[Pojezierze, Olsztyn|Pojezierze]] ||align=right| 13,001 || 2.39&nbsp;km² || 5,439.7/km² |- |[[Redykajny, Olsztyn|Redykajny]] ||align=right| 1,555 || 6.1&nbsp;km² || 254.9/km² |- |[[Śródmieście, Olsztyn|Śródmieście]] ||align=right| 3,448 || 0.58&nbsp;km² || 5,944.8/km² |- |[[Osiedle Wojska Polskiego, Olsztyn|Wojska Polskiego]] ||align=right| 6,759 || 5.03&nbsp;km² || 1,343.7/km² |- |[[Zatorze, Olsztyn|Zatorze]] ||align=right| 6,988 || 0.45&nbsp;km² || 15,528.9/km² |- |[[Zielona Górka]] ||align=right| 1,015 || 6.44&nbsp;km² || 157.6/km² |} There are mony smawer destricts: [[Jakubowo, Olsztyn|Jakubowo]], [[Karolin, Olsztyn|Karolin]], [[Kolonia Jaroty]], [[Kortowo II]], [[Łupstych, Olsztyn|Łupstych]], [[Niedźwiedź, Olsztyn|Niedźwiedź]], [[Piękna Góra, Olsztyn|Piękna Góra]], [[Podlesie, Olsztyn|Podlesie]], [[Pozorty, Olsztyn|Pozorty]], [[Skarbówka Poszmanówka]], [[Słoneczny Stok, Olsztyn|Słoneczny Stok]], [[Stare Kieźliny]], [[Stare Miasto, Olsztyn|Stare Miasto]], [[Stare Zalbki]], [[Stary Dwór, Olsztyn|Stary Dwór]], [[Track, Olsztyn|Track]]. These dae no hae cooncil representative assemblies. == Cultur == === Theatres === * [[:en:Stefan Jaracz Theatre, Olsztyn|Stefan Jaracz Theatre]] (est. 1925) * [[:en:Puppet Theatre, Olsztyn|Puppet Theatre]] === Cinemas === * [[:en:Helios (cinemas)|Helios]] === Museums === Olsztyn's lairgest museum is the [[:en:Museum of Warmia and Mazury|Museum o Warmie an Mazury]]. The ceety haes the [[Gazeta Olsztyńska House]], [[:en:Museum of Nature, Olsztyn|Museum o Natur]], an [[:en:Museum of Sports, Olsztyn|Museum o Sports]]. === Airchitectur === [[File:Olsztyn-katedra.jpg|thumb|300px|St. James's Cathedral]] * The Auld Toun * The [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] castle o the [[:en:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Warmia|Bishopric o Warmie]] built durin the 14t century. * St. James's Cathedral ({{lang-pl|św. Jakuba}}, {{lang-de|link=no|St. Jacob}} or ''St. Jakob''). * Auld Toun Haw on the [[:en:Old Market Square|Market Square]] – built in mid-14t century. * [[Gazeta Olsztyńska House]] at Fish Mercat. * The toun waws an the [[Upper Gate (Olsztyn)|Upper Gate]] (syne the mid-19t century kent as the Heich Gate). * [[Gothic Revival airchitectur|Neogothic]] [[:en:Church of the Holy Heart of Jesus (Olsztyn)|kirk o the Holy Hert o Jesus]], built durin the years 1901–1902 * The [[:en:New City Hall (Olsztyn)|New Ceety Haw]] * The Railway Bridge ower the [[Łyna River|River Łyna]] gorge near Artyleryjska an Wyzwolenia streets, built durin the years 1872–1873 * The Jerusalem Chapel, built in 1565 * Kirk o St. Lawrence, built durin the late 14t century * [[FM- and TV-mast Olsztyn-Pieczewo]] – 360 metres heich, syne the collapse o the [[Warsaw radio mast]] the tawest structur in [[Poland]] === Music === [[Daith metal]] act [[Vader (baund)|Vader]], regardit as ane o the first daith metal baunds frae Poland. == Economy == The [[Michelin]] tyre company (umwhile [[Stomil Olsztyn (company)|Stomil Olsztyn]]) is the lairgest employer in the region o Warmie an Masurie.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.autoflesz.pl/artykuly/4718,100milionowa_opona_w_olsztynskiej_fabryce_Michelin.html |title=100-milionowa opona w olsztyńskiej fabryce Michelin – Autoflesz.pl – Niezależny Portal Motoryzacyjny |publisher=Autoflesz.pl |accessdate=16 September 2011 |archive-date=2014-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521200658/http://www.autoflesz.pl/artykuly/4718,100milionowa_opona_w_olsztynskiej_fabryce_Michelin.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ither important [[industry|industries]] are [[fuid processin]] an furnitur manufacturin. == Unemployment == Olsztyn- 4,000 (fowk) – 4.8% rate == Education == [[File:Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie.jpg|thumb|150px|right|University of Warmia and Mazury]] * [[:en:University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn|University of Warmia and Mazury]] [http://www.uwm.edu.pl/pl/strona.php?b=2&ids=1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060526115542/http://www.uwm.edu.pl/pl/strona.php?b=2&ids=1 |date=2006-05-26 }} * [http://wsiie.olsztyn.pl/english/ University of Computer Science and Economics ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521045115/http://www.wsiie.olsztyn.pl/english/ |date=2008-05-21 }} * [http://www.osw.olsztyn.pl/ Olsztyńska Szkoła Wyższa im. Józefa Rusieckiego] * [http://www.owsiiz.edu.pl/ Olsztyńska Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania im. Tadeusza Kotarbińskiego] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210042054/http://www.owsiiz.edu.pl/ |date=2010-12-10 }} * [http://www.hosianum.edu.pl/ Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne HOSIANUM] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716204923/http://www.hosianum.edu.pl/ |date=2012-07-16 }} * [[Masurian Institute]] (est. 1943) == Sport == * [[AZS UWM Olsztyn|Indykpol AZS Olsztyn]] – [[:en:Volleyball in Poland|men's volleybaw]] team playin in [[Polish Volleyball League|Polish Volleyball League (PLS, Polska Liga Siatkówki)]] * [[OKS 1945 Olsztyn]] – men's [[:en:Football in Poland|fitbaw]] team, (8 saisons in Pols Ekstraklasa as Stomil Olsztyn) * [[Warmia Traveland Olsztyn]] – men's [[:en:Handball in Poland|handbaw]] team playin in Seria A (Pols First League) * [[AZS UWM Trójeczka Olsztyn]] – men's [[:en:Basketball in Poland|basketbaw]] team playin in Pols Seicont League * [[WMPD Olsztyn]] – men's rugby team, playin in First Pols League * [[Budowlani Olsztyn]] Warstlin team == Politics == Members o the [[:en:Sejm of the Republic of Poland|Sejm]] electit frae Olsztyn constituency in 2005 * [[Mieczysław Aszkiełowicz]], [[:en:Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland|Sel-Defense o the Republic o Poland (Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej)]] * [[Beata Bublewicz]], [[:en:Civic Platform|Civic Platform (PO, Platforma Obywatelska)]] * [[Jerzy Gosiewski]], [[:en:Law and Justice|Law and Justice (PiS, Prawo i Sprawiedliwość)]] * [[Tadeusz Iwiński]], [[:en:Democratic Left Alliance|Democratic Left Alliance (SLD, Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej)]] * [[Edward Ośko]], [[:en:League of Polish Families|League o Pols Faimilies (LPR, Liga Polskich Rodzin)]] * [[Adam Puza]], [[:en:Law and Justice|Law an Justice (PiS, Prawo i Sprawiedliwość)]] * [[Sławomir Rybicki]], [[:en:Civic Platform|Civic Platform (PO, Platforma Obywatelska)]] * [[Lidia Staroń]], [[:en:Civic Platform|Civic Platform (PO, Platforma Obywatelska)]] * [[Aleksander Szczygło|Aleksander Marek Szczygło]], [[:en:Law and Justice|Law and Justice (PiS, Prawo i Sprawiedliwość)]] * [[Zbigniew Włodkowski]], [[:en:Polish People's Party|Polish Peasant Party (PSL, Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe)]] Members o [[:en:Senate of the Republic of Poland|Senate]] electit frae Olsztyn constituency in 2005 * [[Ryszard Józef Górecki]], [[:en:Civic Platform|Civic Platform (PO, Platforma Obywatelska)]] * [[Jerzy Szmit]], [[:en:Law and Justice|Law an Justice (PiS, Prawo i Sprawiedliwość)]] == Internaitional relations == [[File:Olsztyn-planetarium.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Planetarium o Olsztyn]] {{See an aa|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Poland}} === Twin towns – Sister ceeties === Olsztyn is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi: {| class="wikitable" |- valign="top" | * {{flagicon|Spain}} [[Calpe]], Spain * {{flagicon|France}} [[Châteauroux|Chateauroux]], Fraunce * {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Gelsenkirchen]], Germany<ref name="RuhrTwins2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd|title=List of Twin Towns in the Ruhr District|publisher=2009 [http://www.twins2010.com/index.php?id=home&L=1 Twins2010.com]|accessdate=28 October 2009|archive-date=2009-11-28|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5lctsW5KG?url=http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd|url-status=dead}}</ref> || * {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Kaliningrad]], Roushie '* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Lutsk]], Ukraine * {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Offenburg]], Germany || * {{flagicon|USA}} [[Richmond, Virginia|Richmond]], VA Unitit States * {{flagicon|Finland}} [[Rovaniemi]], Finland * {{flagicon|Poland}} [[Bielsko-Biała]], Poland<ref name="Bielsko">{{cite web|url=http://www.um.bielsko.pl/|title=''Bielsko-Biała – Partner Cities''|publisher=2008 Urzędu Miejskiego w Bielsku-Białej.|accessdate=10 December 2008}}</ref> |} Olsztyn belangs tae the Federation o Copernicus Ceeties, an association o ceeties whare [[Nicolaus Copernicus|Copernicus]] livit an wirkit, such as [[Bologna]], [[Frombork]], [[Kraków]], an [[Toruń]]. The main office o the federation is situatit at Olsztyn Planetarium an Astronomical Observatory, locatit on St. Andrew's Hill (143 m) in a umwhile [[watter touer]] erectit in 1897. == References == {{reflist}} {{refbegin}} {{commons|Olsztyn}} * {{pl icon}} http://www.olsztyn.eu/ * {{pl icon}} http://www.bezrobocie.net/stat_powiaty.php/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904165651/http://www.bezrobocie.net/stat_powiaty.php |date=2014-09-04 }} {{refend}} * [http://www.zamkigotyckie.org.pl/olsztyn.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100220023326/http://zamkigotyckie.org.pl/olsztyn.htm |date=2010-02-20 }} (pols) * [http://www.pascal.pl/atrakcja.php?id=25797] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308112401/http://www.pascal.pl/atrakcja.php?id=25797 |date=2012-03-08 }} (pols) ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.olsztyn.eu/en.html Offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215222127/http://www.olsztyn.eu/en.html |date=2015-02-15 }} {{en icon}} *[http://www.olsztyn.com/ Olsztyn Ceety Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508055500/http://www.olsztyn.com/ |date=2012-05-08 }} {{en icon}} {{Principal ceeties o Poland}} {{Warmie-Masurie Voivodeship|state=autocollapse}} {{Olsztyn Coonty|state=autocollapse}} {{coord|53|47|N|20|29|E|display=title}} [[Category:Populatit places established in the 1340s]] [[Category:Castles o the Teutonic Knichts]] [[Category:Olsztyn]] [[Category:Ceety coonties o Poland]] [[Category:Ceeties an touns in Warmie-Masurie Voivodeship]] n3s3af3eeugty8y8tk1wqv3vfdzetlb 0 36701 918493 908047 2026-06-20T10:54:23Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name = Tupac Shakur |background = solo_singer |alias = {{hlist|2Pac|Pac|Makaveli|MC New York}} |origin = [[Marin City]], [[Californie]], U.S. |birth_date = {{birth date|1971|6|16}} |birth_place = [[East Harlem]], [[Manhattan]]<br>[[New York Ceety]], [[New York]], U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|1996|9|13|1971|6|16}} |death_place = [[Las Vegas]], [[Nevada]], U.S. | occupation = {{hlist|Rapper|sangwriter|actor|activist|poet}} | module = {{Infobox musical artist | embed = yes | origin = | genre = {{hlist|[[Hip hop muisic|Hip hop]]|[[poleetical hip hop]]|[[West Coast hip hop]]|[[gangsta rap]]}} |years_active = 1988–1996 | label = {{hlist|[[Interscope Records|Interscope]]|[[Jive Records|Jive]]|[[Amaru Records|Amaru]]|[[Death Row Records|Death Row]]}} |website = {{URL|http://www.2pac.com/|www.2Pac.com}} }} }} '''Tupac Amaru Shakur''' ({{IPA-endia|ˈtuːpɑːk əˈmɑɹuː ʃəˈkʊə|Inglis pronunciation:}}; born '''Lesane Parish Crooks''', 16 Juin 1971 – deed 13 September 1996), kent bi his stage names '''2Pac''' an briefly as '''Makaveli''' an aw, wis a American rapper an actor.<ref>Levs, Joshua. (September 13, 2006) [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6067116 Growing Tupac's Legacy, 10 Years After His Death]. NPR. Retrieved 2011-06-14.</ref> Shakur haes selt ower 75 million albums warldwide as o 2010,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2010/11/01/tupac-shakur-2pac-ghastly-halloween-haloween-dead-celebs/|title=Tupac Shakur's Ghastly Halloween|first=Zack|last=O'Malley|work=[[Forbes]]|date=November 1, 2010|accessdate=2011-12-15}}</ref> makkin him ane o the [[:en:List of best-selling music artists|best-sellin muisic airtists in the warld]]. [[MTV]] rankit him at nummer twa on thair eet o ''The Greatest MCs of All Time'' an ''Rolling Stone'' cried him the 86t Greatest Airtist o All Time.<ref name = "RS">{{cite web|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/5702/31963/32519 |title=100 Greatest Artists of All Time|publisher=Rollingstone.com|date= |accessdate=2012-01-07|archive-date=2012-05-23|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120523233811/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-artists-of-all-time-19691231/tupac-shakur-19691231 |url-status=dead }}</ref> His dooble disc album ''All Eyez on Me'' is ane o the best sellin hip hop albums o aw time. Shakur begoud his career as a roadie, backup dancer, an MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branchin aff as a solo airtist.<ref name="TSTA">{{cite video|title=Tupac Shakur – Thug Angel (The Life of an Outlaw)|date=2002}}</ref><ref name="TSHSD">{{cite web|url=http://www.hotshotdigital.com/tribute/TupacShakur.html|title=Tupac Shakur|publisher=Hotshotdigital.com|date=|accessdate=2012-01-07}}</ref><ref name="HTP-330">Edwards, Paul, 2009, ''[[How to Rap]]: The Art & Science of the Hip-Hop MC'', Chicago Review Press, p. 330.</ref> The themes o maist o Shakur's sangs revolvit aroond the violence an hardship in inner cities, racism an ither social problems. Baith o his parents an seevral ither o his faimily wur members o the Black Panther Pairty, thats ideals wur reflectit in his sangs. Durin the latter pairt o his career, Shakur wis a vocal participant in the sae-cried East Coast–Wast Coast hip hop rivalry, becomin involvit in conflicts wi ither rappers, producers an record-label staff members, maist notably The Notorious B.I.G. an his label Bad Boy Records.<ref>Jay-Z: ''Essays on Hip Hop's Philosopher King'', p. 55</ref> On 7 September 1996, Shakur wis shot multiple times in a drive-by shuitin at the intersection o Flamingo Road an Koval Lane in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]], [[Nevada]].<ref>{{cite news |title=FBI outlines parallels in Notorious B.I.G., Tupac slayings |author=Antonio Planas |url=http://www.lvrj.com/news/fbi-outlines-parallels-in-notorious-b-i-g-tupac-slayings-119389104.html |newspaper=[[Las Vegas Review-Journal]] |date=April 7, 2011 |accessdate=February 19, 2013}}</ref> He wis taken tae the [[:en:University Medical Center of Southern Nevada|University Medical Center of Southern Nevada]], whaur he dee'd sax day later.<ref name="TSDCD">[http://www.numberonestars.com/tupacshakur/tupacdeathcertificatedetails.htm Tupac Shakur's death certificate details] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012054044/http://www.numberonestars.com/tupacshakur/tupacdeathcertificatedetails.htm |date=2013-10-12 }} reported by [[Cathy Scott]]. Retrieved 2007-10-05.</ref> == Discografie == {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ;Studio albums * 1991: ''[[2Pacalypse Now]]'' * 1993: ''[[Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z.]]'' * 1995: ''[[Me Against the World]]'' * 1996: ''[[All Eyez on Me]]'' * 1996: ''[[The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory]]'' ;Collaboration albums * 1994: ''[[Thug Life: Volume 1]]'' (wi ''[[Thug Life]]'') {{col-2}} ;Posthumous solo albums * 1996: ''[[The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory]]'' * 1997: ''[[R U Still Down? (Remember Me)]]'' * 2001: ''[[Until the End of Time (Tupac Shakur album)|Until the End of Time]]'' * 2002: ''[[Better Dayz]]'' * 2004: ''[[Loyal to the Game]]'' * 2006: ''[[Pac's Life]]'' ;Posthumous collaboration albums * 1999: ''[[Still I Rise (album)|Still I Rise]]'' (wi ''[[Outlawz]]'') {{col-end}} == References == {{Reflist|30em}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shakur, Tupac}} [[Category:Tupac Shakur]] [[Category:1971 births]] [[Category:1996 daiths]] [[Category:1996 murthers in the Unitit States]] [[Category:20t-century American male actors]] [[Category:20t-century American sangsters]] [[Category:20t-century American writers]] [[Category:20t-century poets]] [[Category:African-American activists]] [[Category:African-American history in the San Francisco Bay Area]] [[Category:African-American nan-feection writers]] [[Category:African-American male dancers]] [[Category:African-American male actors]] [[Category:African-American male rappers]] [[Category:African-American poets]] [[Category:African-American screenwriters]] [[Category:American hip hop record producers]] [[Category:American male film actors]] [[Category:American male televeesion actors]] [[Category:American fowk convictit o assault]] [[Category:American fowk o Tuareg strynd]] [[Category:American shuitin survivors]] [[Category:American social commentators]] [[Category:Atlantic Records airtists]] [[Category:Gangsta rappers]] [[Category:Death Row Records airtists]] [[Category:Interscope Records airtists]] [[Category:Daiths bi fireairm in Nevada]] [[Category:Daiths frae respiratory failur]] [[Category:Inglis-leid poets]] [[Category:Hip hop activists]] [[Category:Male actors frae the San Francisco Bay Aurie]] [[Category:Murthert African-American fowk]] [[Category:Murthert rappers]] [[Category:Fowk frae Harlem]] [[Category:Fowk murthert in Nevada]] [[Category:Rappers frae New York Ceety]] [[Category:Rappers frae the San Francisco Bay Aurie]] [[Category:Road crew]] [[Category:Shakur faimily]] [[Category:Unsolvit murthers in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Wast Coast hip hop muisickers]] [[Category:Writers frae the San Francisco Bay Aurie]] [[Category:African-American record producers]] j5x73ak8rz9rwxo78cqig3riat5bhk8 0 36887 918381 885872 2026-06-19T22:00:05Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Mosul |native_name = <span style="line-height:40%"><br/></span>{{lang|ar|الموصل}} |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = Tigris_river_Mosul.jpg |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = Tigris River an brig in Mosul |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_shield = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Iraq |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_mapsize=300 |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = {{flag|Iraq}} |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = [[Ninawa Province|Ninawa]] |subdivision_type2 = Destrict |subdivision_name2 = Mosul |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_footnotes = |area_magnitude = |area_total = |TotalArea_sq_mi = |area_land = |LandArea_sq_mi = |area_water = |WaterArea_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban = |UrbanArea_sq_mi = |area_metro = |MetroArea_sq_mi = |population_as_of = |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = <!--Note: use population_footnotes for refs, use only unformatted numbers here --> |population_density = <!--Note: use population_footnotes for refs, use only unformatted numbers here --> |population_density_mi2 = <!--Note: use population_footnotes for refs, use only unformatted numbers here --> |population_metro = <!--Note: use population_footnotes for refs, use only unformatted numbers here --> |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_mi2 = |population_urban = 1,800,000 (2008)<!--Note: use population_footnotes for refs, use only unformatted numbers here --> |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|36|20|24|N|43|07|48|E|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |website = |footnotes = |twin1 = [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]] |twin1_country = [[Unitit States]] }} '''Mosul''' ({{lang-ar|الموصل}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|al-Mawṣil}}''; [[North Mesopotamie Arabic]]: ''{{transl|ayp|el-Mōṣul}}''; {{lang-syr|ܢܝܢܘܐ}} ''{{transl|syr|Nînwe}}''; {{lang-ku|Mûsil/Nînewe}}; {{lang-tr|Musul}}), is a ceety in northren [[Iraq]] an the caipital o the [[Ninawa Province]], some {{convert|400|km|mi|abbr=on}} northwast o [[Baghdad]]. The oreeginal ceety staunds on the wast bank o the [[Tigris River]], opposite the auncient [[Assirie]] ceety o ''[[Nineveh]]'' on the east bank, but the metropolitan area haes nou grown tae encompass substantial areas on baith banks, wi five brigs linkin the twa sides. The majority o its population is [[Arab]] (wi [[Assiries]], [[Iraqi Turkmen|Turcoman]] an [[Kurds|Kurdish]] minorities). It is Iraq's third lairgest ceety efter [[Baghdad]] an [[Basra]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mongabay.com/igapo/Iraq.htm | title=Largest Cities in Iraq | accessdate=2002-01-01 | publisher=mongabay.com | date=January 26-2009 }}</ref> ==References== {{Ibid|date=January 2012}} {{Reflist|2}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://ninava-explorer.com/maryam%20final/maryampage-en/index.html ninava-explorer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304210254/http://ninava-explorer.com/maryam%20final/maryampage-en/index.html |date=2016-03-04 }} *[http://www.iraqimage.com/pages/browse/Mosul.html Iraq Image – Mosul Satellite Observation]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120622025800/http://www.iraqimage.com/pages/browse/Mosul.html |date=2012-06-22 }} *[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/mosul_2003.jpg Detailed map of Mosul] bi the [[National Imagery and Mapping Agency]], frae lib.utexas.edu {{Tigris}} {{Destricts o Iraq}} [[Category:Mosul| ]] [[Category:Populatit places in Ninawa Province]] [[Category:Assirie]] [[Category:Fertile Crescent]] [[Category:Destrict caipitals o Iraq]] [[Category:Ceeties in Iraq]] ewoftg1lcavwh4bk0g94iypm42dmuwx 0 36890 918369 885269 2026-06-19T20:29:00Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox Settlement--> |settlement_type = |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = {{flag|Turkey}} |timezone=[[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset=+2 |map_caption =Location o Mardin athin Turkey. |timezone_DST=[[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST=+3 |official_name = Mardin |image_skyline = Mardin old town.JPG | image_caption = The auld ceety o Mardin |image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = Coat of Arms of Mardin Municipality |image_map = Mardin Turkey Provinces locator.gif | subdivision_type1=[[Regions o Turkey|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Sootheastren Anatolie Region|Sootheastren Anatolie]] |subdivision_type2=[[Provinces o Turkey|Province]] | subdivision_name2 = Mardin | population_total = |population_footnotes= | population_urban =82.444 |population_as_of = 2009 | population_footnotes = |population_density_km2 = 80 |area_total_km2 = 8806 |coordinates = {{coord|37|19|0|N|40|44|16|E|region:TR|display=inline}} |elevation_m = 1083|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]] | postal_code = 47x xx |area_code = 0482 |blank_info = 47|blank_name=[[Turkis caur number plates|Licence&nbsp;plate]] | leader_title=[[Mayor]] | leader_name = Süleyman Yıldız |website = [http://www.mardin.gov.tr/ www.mardin.gov.tr] |website = [http://www.mardin.bel.tr/ http://www.mardin.bel.tr] |website = [http://www.mardinimiz.net/ Mardinimiz.net] }} '''Mardin''' ({{lang-ota|ماردين}}, ''Mardīn'', {{lang-ku|Mêrdîn}}, {{lang-syc|ܡܪܕܝܢ}}) is a ceety in sootheastren [[Turkey]]. The caipital o [[Mardin Province]], it is kent for the [[Artuqid]] airchitectur o its auld ceety, an for its strategic location on a rocky hill near the [[Tigris River]] that rises steeply ower the flat plains.<ref>[http://www.roughguides.com/travel/europe/turkey/the-euphrates-and-tigris-basin/mardin.aspx] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614165350/http://archive.is/bDlOz |date=2020-06-14 }}, from roughguides.com</ref> ==Internaitional relations== {{Main|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Turkey}} ===Twin towns — Sister ceeties=== Mardin is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi: {{flagicon|Slovenia}} [[Ljubljana]], [[Slovenie]], syne 2003 ==Notes== {{reflist}} [[Category:Ceeties in Turkey]] [[Category:Assirie settlements]] [[Category:Populatit places in Mardin Province]] [[Category:Tur Abdin]] [[Category:Mardin| ]] 6iman55m9iimpz603279d2wq6e5o7tv 0 37064 918503 891899 2026-06-20T11:47:30Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chinese |pic=Wadang-zhuque.jpg|piccap=Zhū Què sculptur on the eaves tile |l=Vermilion [[Peafowl]] |c=朱雀|p=Zhū Què |j=zyu1 zoek3|y=jyu1 jeuk3 |poj=chu-chhiok |kanji=朱雀 |hiragana=すざく or しゅじゃく |revhep=Suzaku or Shujaku |kunrei=Suzaku or Syuzyaku |hangul=주작|hanja=朱雀|rr=Ju-jak |qn=Chu Tước |hantu=朱雀 |tha=หงส์ไฟ }} The '''Vermilion bird''' is ane o the [[Fower Seembols (Cheenese constellation)|Fower Seembols]] o the [[Cheenese constellations]]. Accordin tae [[Wu Xing]], the [[Taoist]] five-elemental seestem, it represents the [[fire]]-element, the direction [[sooth]], an the saison simmer correspondingly. Sicweys it is whiles cried the '''Vermilion bird o the Sooth''' (南方朱雀, Nán Fāng Zhū Què). It is kent as '''Zhuque''' in Cheenese, '''Suzaku''' in Japanese, '''Jujak''' in Korean an '''Chu Tước''' in Vietnamese. It is aften mistaken for the [[Fenghuang]] due tae similarities in appearance, but the twa are different creaturs. The Fenghuang (seemilar tae the [[:en:Phoenix (meethology)|phoenix]] in wastren meethologies) are legendary ruler o birds associatit wi the Cheenese Empress in the same wey the draigon is associatit wi the Emperor, while the Vermilion Bird is a meethological spirit creatur o the Cheenese constellations. == The Seiven Mansions o the Vermilion Bird == As the ither three Seembols, thare are seiven "mansions", or poseetions, o the [[muin]] athin Vermilion Bird. The names an determinative stars are:<ref>{{cite web | url=http://idp.bl.uk/education/astronomy/sky.html | title=The Chinese Sky | publisher=[[International Dunhuang Project]] | accessdate=2011-06-25 | archive-date=2015-11-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104154237/http://idp.bl.uk/education/astronomy/sky.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Sun | first=Xiaochun | editor=Helaine Selin |editor-link=Helaine Selin | title=Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=raKRY3KQspsC&pg=PA517 | year=1997 | page=517 | publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers | isbn=0-7923-4066-3 | accessdate=2011-06-25}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Mansion no. !! Name ([[pinyin]]) !! Translation !! Determinative starn |- | 22 || 井 (Jǐng) || [[:en:Well (Chinese constellation)|Well]] || [[:en:Mu Geminorum|μ Gem]] |- | 23 || 鬼 (Guǐ) || [[:en:Ghost (Chinese constellation)|Ghost]] || [[:en:Theta Cancri|θ Cnc]] |- | 24 || 柳 (Liǔ) || [[:en:Willow (Chinese constellation)|Willow]] || [[:en:Delta Hydrae|δ Hya]] |- | 25 || 星 (Xīng) || [[:en:Star (Chinese constellation)|Starn]] || [[:en:Alphard|α Hya]] |- | 26 || 張 (Zhāng) || [[:en:Extended Net (Chinese constellation)|Extendit Net]] || [[:en:Upsilon1 Hydrae|υ¹ Hya]] |- | 27 || 翼 (Yì) || [[:en:Wings (Chinese constellation)|Wings]] || [[:en:Alpha Crateris|α Crt]] |- | 28 || 軫 (Zhěn) || [[:en:Chariot (Chinese constellation)|Chariot]] || [[:en:Gamma Corvi|γ Crv]] |} == Natur o the seembol == [[File:Segalen-24-Shen-Que-Red-Bird.jpg|thumb|left|The Vermilion Bird on the gates o a [[Han Dynasty]] mausoleum complex]] The Vermilion bird is an elegant an noble bird in baith appearance an behaviour, it is vera selective in what it eats an whare it perches, wi its feathers in mony different hues o [[Vermilion (color)|vermilion]]. {{clear}} ==Stars== {|class="wikitable" |- |style="background: #E34234"|'''Fower Seembols'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Mansion (Cheenese name)'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Romanization'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Translation'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Asterisms (Cheenese name)'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Romanization'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Translation'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Wastren starn name'''|| style="background: #E34234"|'''Chinese starn name'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Romanization'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Translation''' |- | rowspan="54" bgcolor="#FFD700"| '''Vermilion Bird o the South (南方朱雀)''' | rowspan="4" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|鬼 | rowspan="4"|''Guǐ'' | rowspan="4"|[[:en:Ghost (Chinese constellation)|Ghost]] | rowspan="4" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|外廚 | rowspan="4"|''Wàichú'' | rowspan="4"|Outer Kitchen |- |[[:en:2 Hydrae|2 Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|外廚一||Wàichúyī||1st starn |- |[[:en:3 Hydrae|3 Hya]] / [[HD 74395]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|外廚二||Wàichúèr||2nt starn |- |[[:en:14 Hydrae|14 Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|外廚三||Wàichúsān||3rd starn |- | rowspan="15" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳 | rowspan="15"|''Liǔ'' | rowspan="15"|[[:en:Willow (Chinese constellation)|Willow]] | rowspan="15" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳 | rowspan="15"|''Liǔ'' | rowspan="15"|Willow<ref name=sb1>{{zh icon}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060528.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 5 月 28 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522112415/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060528.html |date=2011-05-22 }}</ref> |- | rowspan="7"|[[:en:Delta Hydrae|δ Hya]] |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿一||Liǔsùyī||1st starn |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿距星||Liǔsujùxīng||Separatit starn |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿西头第三星||Liǔsuxītoudìsānxīng||3rd starn in the upper wast |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|玉井西北星||Yùjǐngxīběixīng||Starn in northwast o [[:en:Three Stars (Chinese constellation)|Jade Well]] constellation |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|午||Wǔ||The thong |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|鹑火星||Chúnhuǒxīng||The phoenix |- |[[:en:Sigma Hydrae|σ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿二||Liǔsùèr||2nt starn |- |[[:en:Eta Hydrae|η Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿三||Liǔsùsān||3rd starn |- |[[:en:Rho Hydrae|ρ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿四||Liǔsùsì||4t starn |- |[[:en:Epsilon Hydrae|ε Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿五||Liǔsùwǔ||5t starn |- |[[:en:Zeta Hydrae|ζ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿六||Liǔsùliù||6t starn |- |[[:en:Omega Hydrae|ω Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿七||Liǔsùqī||7t starn |- |[[:en:Theta Hydrae|θ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|柳宿八||Liǔsùbā||8t starn |- | rowspan="11" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星 | rowspan="11"|''Xīng'' | rowspan="11"|[[:en:Star (Chinese constellation)|Starn]] | rowspan="11" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星 | rowspan="11"|''Xīng'' | rowspan="11"|Star<ref name=sb2>{{zh icon}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060529.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 5 月 29 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522120541/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060529.html |date=2011-05-22 }}</ref> |- | rowspan="4"|[[:en:Alphard|α Hya]] |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星宿一||Xīngsùyī||1st starn |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星宿距星||Xīngsùjùxīng||Separatit starn |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星宿中央大星||Xīngsuzhōngyāngdàxīng||Big starn in the center |- |[[:en:Tau Hydrae|τ¹ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星宿二||Xīngsùèr||2nt starn |- |[[:en:Tau Hydrae|τ² Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星宿三||Xīngsùsān||3rd starn |- |[[:en:Iota Hydrae|ι Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星宿四||Xīngsùsì||4t starn |- |[[:en:26 Hydrae|26 Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星宿五||Xīngsùwǔ||5t starn |- |[[:en:27 Hydrae|27 Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星宿六||Xīngsùliù||6t starn |- |[[HD 82477]] & [[HD 82428]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|星宿七||Xīngsùqī||7t starn |- | rowspan="7" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|張 | rowspan="7"|''Zhāng'' | rowspan="7"|[[:en:Extended Net (Chinese constellation)|Extendit Net]] | rowspan="7" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|張 | rowspan="7"|''Zhāng'' | rowspan="7"|Extended Net<ref name=sb3>{{zh icon}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060530.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 5 月 30 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716122735/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060530.html |date=2011-07-16 }}</ref> |- |[[:en:Upsilon1 Hydrae|υ¹ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|張宿一||Zhāngsùyī||1st starn |- |[[Lambda Hydrae|λ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|張宿二||Zhāngsùèr||2nt starn |- |[[Mu Hydrae|μ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|張宿三||Zhāngsùsān||3rd starn |- |[[HD 87344]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|張宿四||Zhāngsùsì||4t starn |- |[[:en:Kappa Hydrae|κ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|張宿五||Zhāngsùwǔ||5t starn |- |[[:en:Phi Hydrae|φ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|張宿六||Zhāngsùliù||6t starn |- | rowspan="7" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|翼 | rowspan="7"|''Yì'' | rowspan="7"|[[:en:Wings (Chinese constellation)|Wings]] | rowspan="7" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|翼 | rowspan="7"|''Yì'' | rowspan="7"|Wings<ref name=sb4>{{zh icon}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060531.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 5 月 31 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522113628/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060531.html |date=2011-05-22 }}</ref><ref>{{zh icon}} [http://wbbs.cc.ncku.edu.tw/ccns/index.php/8/179/485635 夢之大地 @ 國立成功大學 WebBBS DreamLand @ National Cheng Kung University WebBBS System] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902003808/http://wbbs.cc.ncku.edu.tw/ccns/index.php/8/179/485635 |date=2011-09-02 }}</ref> |- |[[:en:Nu Hydrae|ν Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|翼宿五||Yìsùwǔ||5t starn |- |[[HD 100307]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|翼宿十八||Yìsùshíbā||18t starn |- |[[HD 96819]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|翼宿十九||Yìsùshíjiǔ||19t starn |- |[[Chi1 Hydrae|χ¹ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|翼宿二十||Yìsùèrshí||20t starn |- |[[HD 102620]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|翼宿二十一||Yìsùèrshíyī||21st starn |- |[[HD 103462]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|翼宿二十二||Yìsùèrshíèr||22nt starn |- | rowspan="10" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|軫 | rowspan="10"|''Zhěn'' | rowspan="10"|[[:en:Chariot (Chinese constellation)|Chariot]] | rowspan="9" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|青丘 | rowspan="9"|''Qīngqiū'' | rowspan="9"|Green Hill<ref name=sb5>{{zh icon}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0607/ap060722.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 22 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225112418/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0607/ap060722.html |date=2021-02-25 }}</ref> |- |rowspan="3"|[[:en:Beta Hydrae|β Hya]] |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|青丘一||Qīngqiūyī||1st starn |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|土公西星||Tǔgōngxīxīng||Starn in the wast o [[:en:Wall (Chinese constellation)|offeecial for Earthworks an Buildings]] constellation |- |[[HD 103596]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|青丘二||Qīngqiūèr||2nt starn |- |[[:en:17 Crateris|17 Crt]]<ref>the starn is actually locatit in the [[constellation]] [[:en:Hydra (constellation)|Hydra]]</ref>||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|青丘三||Qīngqiūsān||3rd starn |- |[[HD 100393]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|青丘四||Qīngqiūsì||4t starn |- |[[:en:Xi Hydrae|ξ Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|青丘五||Qīngqiūwu||5t starn |- |[[:en:Omicron Hydrae|ο Hya]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|青丘七||Qīngqiūqī||7t starn |- | style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|軍門||''Jūnmén''||Militar Gate||[[HD 104309]]||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|軍門一||Jūnményī||1st starn |} == See an aw == *[[Vermilion]] *[[Fower Saunt Beasts (Vietnam)]] *[[Suzaku]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www2.gol.com/users/stever/charts.htm "Star Chairts an Muin Stations"]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728152847/http://www2.gol.com/users/stever/charts.htm |date=2012-07-28 }} * [http://www2.gol.com/users/stever/summer.htm The Red Bird o the Sooth]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728153202/http://www2.gol.com/users/stever/summer.htm |date=2012-07-28 }} {{Cheenese constellations}} [[Category:Cheenese constellations]] [[Category:Cheenese meethologie]] [[Category:Leegendar birds]] [[Category:Cheenese leegendar craiturs]] kp72pyqfqnm542td29j5lsu6gh2mopo 0 37584 918425 820677 2026-06-20T04:18:20Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Qastal Ma'af |native_name = <big>قسطل معاف</big> |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |pushpin_map =Syria |pushpin_mapsize =250 |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Sirie}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Govrenorates o Sirie|Govrenorate]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Latakia Govrenorate]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Destricts o Sirie|Destrict]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Latakia Destrict]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah]] |subdivision_name3 = Qastal Ma'af |settlement_type = Toun<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Metric <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2004 census |population_note = |population_total = 585 |population_footnotes = <ref name="CBS"/> |timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +2 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Summer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |coordinates = {{coord|35|49|29|N|35|57|6|E|region:SY|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Qastal Ma'af''' ({{lang-ar|<big>قسطل معاف</big>}}) is a toun in northwastren [[Sirie]], admeenistratively pairt o the [[Latakia Govrenorate]], locatit north o [[Latakia]]. Nearbi localities include [[Kesab]] tae the north, [[Mashqita]] an [[Ayn al-Bayda, Sirie|Ayn al-Bayda]] tae the sooth an [[Rabia, Sirie|Rabia]] tae the east. Accordin tae the [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]], Qastal Ma'af haed a population o 585 in the 2004 census.<ref name="CBS">[http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB06-5-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217050543/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB06-5-2004.htm |date=2019-12-17 }}. [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS). Latakia Govrenorate. {{ar icon}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{Latakia Govrenorate}} [[Category:Populatit places in Latakia Destrict]] hb57r8yqquszw9m53kkffgaahap7gq7 0 38326 918342 913937 2026-06-19T13:46:20Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |en_name=Krasnodar |ru_name=Краснодар |image_skyline=Краснодар.png |image_caption= |coordinates = {{coord|45|02|N|38|58|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=left |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Krasnodar (Krasnodar krai).png |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Krasnodar.svg |flag_caption= |holiday=Last nan-wirkin day o September |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=[[Krasnodar Krai]] |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Charter13">Charter of Krasnodar Krai, Article&nbsp;13</ref> |adm_data_as_of=December 2001 |adm_city_jur=[[Ceety o federal subject significance|Ceety]] o Krasnodar |adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref691" /> |adm_ctr_of=Krasnodar Krai,<ref name="Charter13" /> Ceety o Krasnodar |adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref691" /> |inhabloc_cat=City |inhabloc_cat_ref= |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |mun_data_as_of=Februar 2012 |urban_okrug_jur=Krasnodar Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref751" /> |mun_admctr_of=Krasnodar Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref751" /> |leader_title=Head |leader_title_ref= |leader_name=Vladimir Yevlanov |leader_name_ref=<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glava.krd.ru/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-09-25 |archive-date=2012-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120923135648/http://www.glava.krd.ru/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |representative_body=[[Ceety Duma o Krasnodar|Ceety Duma]] |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2= |area_km2_ref= |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=1793<ref name="Foundation" /> |established_title= |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date=1867 |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1=Yekaterinodar |prev_name1_date=1920 |prev_name1_ref= |prev_name2= |prev_name2_date= |prev_name2_ref= |postal_codes=350000–350090 |postal_codes_ref= |dialing_codes=861 |dialing_codes_ref= |website=http://www.krd.ru/ |website_ref= |commonscat=Krasnodar |date=May 2010 }} [[File:Krasnodar 004.JPG|thumb|right|250px]] '''Krasnodar''' ({{lang-rus|Краснодар|p=krəsnɐˈdar}}) is a [[types o inhabitit localities in Roushie|ceety]] an the [[admeenistrative center]] o [[Krasnodar Krai]], [[Roushie]], locatit on the [[Kuban River]] aboot {{convert|148|km|sp=us}} northeast o the [[Black Sea]] port o [[Novorossiysk]]. Population: 1,154,885 (2025);<ref>{{cite web|url=https://citypopulation.de/en/russia/gorodkrasnodar/|title=Krasnodar City|accessdate=2025-12-19|work=citypopulation.de}}</ref> {{ru-census|p2010=744,995|p2002=646,175|p1989=620,516}} ==Name== It wis foondit in 1793<ref name="Foundation">[https://www.britannica.com/place/Krasnodar-Russia Britannica.com]</ref> as '''Yekaterinodar''' ({{lang|ru|Екатеринода́р}}). The oreeginal name meant "Catherine's Gift" simultaneously in recognition o [[Catherine the Great]]'s grant o land in the Kuban region tae the [[Black Sea Cossack Host|Black Sea Cossacks]] (later the [[Kuban Cossacks]]) an in recognition o [[Catherine o Alexandria|Saunt Catherine]], ''the [[Martyr]]'', who is considered tae be the patron o the ceety. Efter the [[October Revolution]], Yekaterinodar wis renamit Krasnodar (December 1920). Thare is meanin for the new communist name o the ceety: Krasno- (Красно-), meanin 'red' (especially relevant considerin the poleetical atmosphere o the time); an -dar (-дар), meanin 'gift'. Sicweys, the ceety's name means ''red gift'' (i.e. 'gift o the reds'). ==History== The oreegin o the ceety stairts wi a [[fortress]] biggit bi the [[Cossacks]] in order tae defend imperial borders an claim Roushie awnership ower [[Circassie]], which wis contestit bi the [[Ottoman Empire]]. In the first hauf o the 19t century Yekaterinodar grew intae a busy centre o the [[Kuban Cossacks]]. It wis grantit toun status in 1867. Bi 1888, aboot 45,000 fowk livit in the ceety an it became a vital tred centre o soothren Roushie. In 1897, an [[obelisk]] commemoratin the twa hunder year history o Kuban Cossack Host wis biggit in Yekaterinodar. Durin the [[Roushie Ceevil War]] the ceety chyngit haunds several times atween the [[Red Airmy]] an [[Volunteer Airmy]], mony Kuban Cossacks wur committit anti-Bolsheviks who supportit the [[White Muivement]]. [[Lavr Kornilov]], a White general, captured the ceety in 10 Aprile 1918, anerlie tae be killed a week later when an airtillery shell fired bi Bolsheviks blew up the fermhoose he wis uisin as his heidquairters. Durin [[World War II]], Krasnodar wis occupee'd bi the [[Nazi Germany|German]] Airmy atween 12 August 1942 an 12 Februar 1943. The ceety sustained hivy damage in the fechtin but wis rebuilt an renovatit efter the war. In the simmer o 1943, the Soviets began trials, includin o thair awn ceetizens, for collusion wi the Nazis an participation in war crimes. The first sic trial wis held at Krasnodar on 14–17 Julie 1943. The Krasnodar tribunal pronooncit aicht daith sentences, which wur summarily conductit in the ceety square in front o a croud o aboot thirty thoosan fowk. ==Coat o airms== The [[coat o airms]] o Yekaterinodar wis introducit in 1841 bi the Cossack [[yesaul]] Ivan Chernik. The ryal letter "E" in the middle is for Ekaterina II (Roushie for [[Catherine the Great|Catherine II]]). It depicts the date ceety wis foondit an aw, the Imperial [[double heidit eagle]] (seembolisin [[Tsar]]'s patronage o Black Sea Cossacks), a [[bulawa]] o a Cossack [[ataman]], Yekaterinodar fortress, an flags wi letters "E", "P", "A", an "N" staundin for Catherine II, [[Paul I o Roushie|Paul I]], [[Alexander I o Roushie|Alexander I]] an [[Nicholas I o Roushie|Nicholas I]]. Yellae starns aroond the shield seembolizit 59 Black Sea [[stanitsa]]s aroond the ceety. ==Admeenistrative an municipal status== [[Subdiveesions o Roushie#Admeenistrative diveesions|Admeenistratively]], alang wi twinty-nine rural localities, it is incorporatit as the '''[[Ceety o federal subject significance|Ceety]] o Krasnodar'''—an admeenistrative unit wi the status equal tae that o the [[admeenistrative diveesions o Krasnodar Krai|destricts]].<ref name="Ref691">Reference Information #20-2969/11-03</ref> [[Subdiveesions o Roushie#Municipal diveesions|Municipally]], the Ceety o Krasnodar is incorporatit as '''Krasnodar Urban Okrug'''.<ref name="Ref751">Law #670-OZ</ref> ==Climate== Unner the [[Köppen climate classification]] Krasnodar haes a [[humid subtropical climate]] climate (''Cfa''). Winters are cauld an damp, wi unstable snaw civer. The average temperatur in Januar, the aurie's cauldest month, is {{convert|32|F}}. Weather conditions in winter vary greatly. Temperaturs can exceed {{convert|68|F}} for a few days, but temperaturs belaw {{convert|-4|F}} are no uncommon for Krasnodar as the ceety is no protectit bi muntains frae cauld waves. Summers are teepically het wi a Julie average o {{convert|75.2|F}}. The ceety receives {{convert|28.26|in|sp=us}} o precipitation annually, fairly spread throughoot the year. Extreme storms are rare in the Krasnodar aurie. Extreme temperaturs hae rangit frae {{convert|-28.66|to|104|F|C}}, recordit on 23 Januar 2006 an 15 August 2006, respectively. {{Weather box |location=Krasnodar |metric first=yes |single line=yes |Jan record high C=22.2 |Feb record high C=22.6 |Mar record high C=28.8 |Apr record high C = 33.8 |May record high C = 32.8 |Jun record high C = 37.2 |Jul record high C = 40.0 |Aug record high C = 40.0 |Sep record high C = 38.5 |Oct record high C = 33.3 |Nov record high C = 27.4 |Dec record high C = 22.2 |year record high C = 40.0 |Jan high C = 3.3 |Feb high C = 4.7 |Mar high C = 9.8 |Apr high C = 17.6 |May high C = 22.5 |Jun high C = 26.8 |Jul high C = 29.7 |Aug high C = 29.9 |Sep high C = 24.5 |Oct high C = 17.7 |Nov high C = 10.0 |Dec high C = 5.3 |year high C = 16.8 |Jan mean C = 0.3 |Feb mean C = 1.1 |Mar mean C = 5.4 |Apr mean C = 12.1 |May mean C = 17.0 |Jun mean C = 21.2 |Jul mean C = 24.0 |Aug mean C = 23.6 |Sep mean C = 18.4 |Oct mean C = 12.2 |Nov mean C = 6.0 |Dec mean C = 1.9 |year mean C = 11.9 |Jan low C = -3.7 |Feb low C = -3.8 |Mar low C = 0.6 |Apr low C = 6.8 |May low C = 11.4 |Jun low C = 15.8 |Jul low C = 17.9 |Aug low C = 17.3 |Sep low C = 12.6 |Oct low C = 7.0 |Nov low C = 1.8 |Dec low C = -1.6 |year low C = 6.8 |Jan record low C = -33.7 |Feb record low C = -32.2 |Mar record low C = -28.1 |Apr record low C = -6.1 |May record low C = -1.1 |Jun record low C = 5.0 |Jul record low C = 9.0 |Aug record low C = 5.4 |Sep record low C = -2.2 |Oct record low C = -7.2 |Nov record low C = -20.0 |Dec record low C = -27.8 |year record low C = -33.7 |precipitation colour=green |Jan precipitation mm = 64 |Feb precipitation mm = 52 |Mar precipitation mm = 54 |Apr precipitation mm = 50 |May precipitation mm = 67 |Jun precipitation mm = 87 |Jul precipitation mm = 54 |Aug precipitation mm = 44 |Sep precipitation mm = 43 |Oct precipitation mm = 57 |Nov precipitation mm = 71 |Dec precipitation mm = 77 |year precipitation mm = 718 |Jan rain days = 11 |Feb rain days = 9 |Mar rain days = 13 |Apr rain days = 14 |May rain days = 14 |Jun rain days = 13 |Jul rain days = 9 |Aug rain days = 8 |Sep rain days = 9 |Oct rain days = 10 |Nov rain days = 13 |Dec rain days = 14 |Jan snow days = 9 |Feb snow days = 8 |Mar snow days = 5 |Apr snow days = 0.2 |May snow days = 0 |Jun snow days = 0 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 0 |Oct snow days = 0.4 |Nov snow days = 3 |Dec snow days = 7 |Jan humidity= 84 |Feb humidity= 79 |Mar humidity= 75 |Apr humidity= 70 |May humidity= 70 |Jun humidity= 70 |Jul humidity= 66 |Aug humidity= 64 |Sep humidity= 70 |Oct humidity= 77 |Nov humidity= 83 |Dec humidity= 85 |year humidity= 74 |Jan sun = 71.3 |Feb sun = 87.0 |Mar sun = 136.4 |Apr sun = 180.0 |May sun = 248.0 |Jun sun = 276.0 |Jul sun = 303.8 |Aug sun = 285.2 |Sep sun = 237.0 |Oct sun = 173.6 |Nov sun = 87.0 |Dec sun = 55.8 |year sun = 2141.1 |source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name = Pogoda >{{cite web | url = http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/34927.htm | title = Pogoda.ru.net (Weather and Climate-The Climate of Krasnodar) | publisher = Weather and Climate | language = Russian | accessdate = August 16, 2012 | archive-date = 2012-08-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120815121142/http://www.pogoda.ru.net/climate/34927.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref> |source 2 = Hong Kong Observatory (sun only)<ref name = HKO >{{cite web | url = http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/europe/russia/krasnodar_e.htm | title = Climatological Information for Krasnodar, Russia | publisher = [[Hong Kong Observatory]] | accessdate = August 16, 2012 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054202/http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/europe/russia/krasnodar_e.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref> |date=June 2011}} ==Internaitional relations== {{Main|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Roushie}} ===Twin touns an sister ceeties=== Krasnodar haes five [[twin touns an sister ceeties|sister ceeties]], as designatit bi Sister Cities Internaitional, Inc. (SCI): *{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Tallahassee]], [[Florida]], [[Unitit States]] *{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Karlsruhe]], [[Germany]] *{{Flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Burgas]], [[Bulgarie]] *{{Flagicon|China}} [[Harbin]], [[Cheenae]] *{{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Ferrara]], [[Italy]] ==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}} ===Sources=== *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|kda|adm|list}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|kda|mun|list|krasnodar}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.krd.ru/ Offeecial wabsteid o Krasnodar Ceety Admeenistration an Ceety Duma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218140648/http://www.krd.ru/ |date=2020-12-18 }} *[http://www.russiakrasnodar.com/ Krasnodar photographs]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206061814/http://www.russiakrasnodar.com/ |date=2011-12-06 }} *[http://www.yuga.ru/ Krasnodar news] *[http://www.yugopolis.ru/ News an events in Krasnodar] *[http://myekaterinodar.ru/ Auld picturs o Yekaterinodar] {{Krasnodar Krai}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Krasnodar| ]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1793]] 59u0klk6s4sz28at3cn80b6r9neiuiv 0 38328 918469 918109 2026-06-20T08:14:49Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918469 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |en_name=Sochi |ru_name=Сочи |other_name= |image_skyline=Сочи-коллаж1.jpg |image_caption=View o Sochi |coordinates={{coord|43|35|07|N|39|43|13|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=left |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Sochi (Krasnodar krai).svg |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Sochi (Krasnodar krai).svg |flag_caption= |federal_subject=[[Krasnodar Krai]] |federal_subject_ref= |adm_data_as_of=May 2013 |adm_city_jur=[[Ceety o federal subject signeeficance|Ceety]] o Sochi |adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref1481">''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Krasnodar Krai''</ref> |adm_ctr_of=Ceety o Sochi |adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref1481" /> |inhabloc_cat=Ceety |inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref1481" /> |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |mun_data_as_of=June 2009 |urban_okrug_jur=Sochi Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref753">Law #679-KZ</ref> |mun_admctr_of=Sochi Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref753"/> |leader_title=Head |leader_title_ref=<ref name="Head">[http://www.sochiru.ru/ Official website of Sochi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030420111047/http://www.sochiru.ru/ |date=2003-04-20 }} {{ru icon}}</ref> |leader_name=[[Anatoly Pakhomov]] |leader_name_ref=<ref name="Head" /> |representative_body=[[Ceety Assembly o Sochi|Ceety Assembly]] |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what=ceety |area_as_of=January 2008 |area_km2=176.77 |area_km2_ref=<ref name="Area">{{Cite Russian law |ru_entity=Городское Собрание Сочи |ru_type=Решение |ru_number=89 |ru_date=14 июля 2009 г. |ru_title=Об утверждении генерального плана городского округа города Сочи |ru_effective_date=со дня опубликования |ru_published_in= |ru_published_date= |ru_url=http://www.gs-sochi.ru/upload/iblock/e47/wxdqimw%20waziohbbow%20kuxyhwww%20ktjo%20jd%2014_07_2009%20N%2089%20%20mn%20kzkq.pdf |en_entity=City Assembly of Sochi |en_type=Decision |en_number=89 |en_date=July&nbsp;14, 2009 |en_title=On the Adoption of the General Plan of the Urban Okrug of the City of Sochi |en_effective_date=the publication date }}</ref> |pop_2010census=343334 |pop_2010census_rank=52nd |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census"/> |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=1838 |established_title= |established_date_ref=<ref name=mus>Exposition of the Historical Museum of Sochi, partly reflected in Russian in [https://web.archive.org/web/20101011234131/http://www.sochiadm.ru/content/section/35/detail/31/ История Сочи] (History of Sochi) at the official cite of the city</ref><ref name="GSE">[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]]. [http://bse.sci-lib.com/article104967.html Entry on Sochi] {{ru icon}}</ref> |current_cat_date= |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1=Dakhovsky |prev_name1_date=1896 |prev_name1_ref=<ref name=bse>[http://bse.sci-lib.com/article104967.html Сочи] in the [[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]] {{ru icon}}</ref> |prev_name2= |prev_name2_date= |prev_name2_ref= |prev_name3= |prev_name3_date= |prev_name3_ref= |postal_codes=354000, 354002–354004, 354008–354010, 354013, 354014, 354018, 354019, 354022, 354024, 354025, 354030, 354031, 354033, 354036, 354037, 354039, 354053–354055, 354057, 354059, 354061, 354065–354068, 354071, 354073, 354084, 354099, 354200, 354202–354214, 354216–354218, 354220, 354226, 354231, 354233, 354299, 354340, 354346, 354348, 354349, 354354, 354355, 354364, 354380, 354382, 354383, 354399, 993501 |postal_codes_ref= |dialing_codes=8622 |dialing_codes_ref= |website=http://www.sochiadm.ru/ |website_ref= |commonscat=Sochi |date=May 2010 }} [[File:Black Sea map.png|thumb|Sochi is on the northeast coast o the [[Black Sea]]]] '''Sochi''' ({{lang-rus|Сочи|p=ˈsotɕɪ}}) is a [[types o inhabitit localities in Roushie|ceety]] in [[Krasnodar Krai]], [[Roushie]], situatit juist north o Roushie's mairch wi the ''[[de facto]]'' independent republic o [[Abkhazie]],<ref group="notes">{{Abkhazia-note}}</ref> on the [[Black Sea]] coast. Greater Sochi sprawls for {{convert|145|km|sp=us}} alang the shores o the [[Black Sea]] near the [[Caucasus Mountains]]. Accordin tae the [[Roushie Census (2010)|2010 Census]], the ceety haed a permanent population o 343,334;<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> up frae 328,809 recorded in the [[Russian Census (2002)|2002 Census]],<ref name="2002Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}}</ref> makkin it Roushie's lairgest [[resort toun|resort ceety]]. Sochi will host the [[2014 Winter Olympics|XXII Olympic Winter Gemmes]] an [[2014 Winter Paralympics|XI Paralympic Winter Gemmes]] in 2014, as well as the Roushie Formula&nbsp;1 Grand Prix frae 2014 til at least 2020.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/front_page/6271122.stm Sochi hosts 2014 Winter Olympics] BBC Sport, July&nbsp;4, 2007</ref><ref>[http://www.gpupdate.net/en/f1-news/244943/pm-putin-confirms-russian-gp-for-2014/ PM Putin confirms Russian GP for 2014] GPUpdate, October&nbsp;15, 2010</ref> It is an aa ane o the host ceeties for the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]]. ==Sister ceeties== {{See also|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Roushie}} Sochi haes been twinned wi the followin ceeties: *{{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[Cheltenham]]''', [[Gloucestershire]], [[Unitit Kinrick]] (syne 1959)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090108224754/http://www.cheltenham.gov.uk/libraries/templates/cheltenham.asp?URN=348&FolderID=0 Twin town of Sochi (Russia)]. cheltenham.gov.uk</ref> *{{Flagicon|France}} '''[[Menton]]''', [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur|PACA]], [[Fraunce]] (syne 1966)<ref>[http://www.elysee.fr/elysee/elysee.fr/ressources_documentaires/europe_non-ue/russie/sotchi-2002.9189.html Website of the President of France] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930222042/http://www.elysee.fr/elysee/elysee.fr/ressources_documentaires/europe_non-ue/russie/sotchi-2002.9189.html |date=2007-09-30 }}. Elysee.fr. Retrieved on 2012-07-26.</ref> *{{Flagicon|Italy}} '''[[Rimini]]''', [[Emilia-Romagna]], [[Italy]] (syne 1977)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071015211452/http://wwwold.comune.rimini.it/sez_comune/gemellaggi/index.shtml Gemellaggi]. Official website of Rimini</ref> *{{Flagicon|Finland}} '''[[Espoo]]''', [[Finland]] (syne 1989)<ref>"Tiesitkö, että" (in Finnish) in Ee-mail, January 2007, [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930225016/http://www.espoo.fi/binary.asp?path=1;28;11894;49602;24015;24021;37508;61774;61775&field=FileAttachment p. 6]. espoo.fi</ref> *{{Flagicon|United States}} '''[[Long Beach, Californie|Long Beach]]''', [[Californie]], [[Unitit States]] (syne 1990)<ref name="sisters">Sister Cities information obtained from [http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/NIS/Russia/index[[Sister Cities International&#93; {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070812045546/http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/NIS/Russia/index |date=2007-08-12 }}&#93;]], Inc. (SCI), Retrieved 5 July 2007</ref> *{{Flagicon|Ukraine}} '''[[Kerch]]''', [[Crimea]], [[Ukraine]] (syne 2005) *{{Flagicon|Turkey}} '''[[Trabzon]]''', [[Turkey]] (syne 1991)<ref name="jumeaux">[http://www.sochi-international.ru/pages.php?id=2&lang=rus Official website of Sochi (international)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801131017/http://www.sochi-international.ru/pages.php?id=2&lang=rus |date=2012-08-01 }}. The page spotlights similarities of the twin towns to Sochi in that all of them are "summer resorts".</ref> *{{Flagicon|Estonia}} '''[[Pärnu]]''', [[Estonie]] (syne 1994)<ref name="jumeaux"/> *{{Flagicon|China}} '''[[Weihai]]''', [[Shandong]], [[Cheenae]] (syne 1996)<ref name="jumeaux"/> *{{Flagicon|Lebanon}} '''[[Sidon]]''', [[Lebanon]] (syne 2005) *{{Flagicon|Philippines}} '''[[Las Piñas]]''', [[Metro Manila]], [[Philippines]] (syne 2005) *{{Flagicon|Greece}} '''[[Volos]]''', [[Greece]] (syne 2007)<ref>{{cite news|title=Греческий Волос и российский Сочи стали городами-побратимами|url=http://www.interfax.ru/r/B/ug/182.html?menu=35&id_issue=11749829|publisher=[[Interfax]]|date=26 May 2005|accessdate=July 8, 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930223556/http://www.interfax.ru/r/B/ug/182.html?menu=35&id_issue=11749829|archivedate=2007-09-30|url-status=live}}</ref> *{{Flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Baden-Baden]]''', [[Baden-Württemberg]], [[Germany]] (syne 2011) *{{Flagicon|Israel}} '''[[Netanya]]''', [[Israel]] (syne 2012) ==Notes== <references group="notes"/> ==References== ;Explanatory notes {{Reflist|group="notes"}} ;Citations {{Reflist|30em}} ;Soorces *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|kda|adm|list}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|kda|mun|list|sochi}} *[http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator:%22Bell,%20James%20Stanislaus%22 Journal of a residence in Circassia during the years 1837, 1838, and 1839 – Bell, James Stanislaus] ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.eng.sochiru.ru/ Offeecial wabsteid o Sochi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414125839/http://www.eng.sochiru.ru/ |date=2012-04-14 }} *[http://www.sochiadm.ru/ Offeecial wabsteid o Sochi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617015948/http://www.sochiadm.ru/ |date=2019-06-17 }} {{ru icon}} *[http://www.sochi.name/ Unoffeecial wabsteid o Sochi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002013408/http://www.sochi.name/ |date=2012-10-02 }} {{ru icon}} *Secrieru, Stanislav: "The 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi: Implications for the Caucasus" in the [http://www.laender-analysen.de/cad/pdf/CaucasusAnalyticalDigest19.pdf Caucasus Analytical Digest No.19] *[http://ingvarr.net.ru/photo/341 Photos o Sochi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121212113953/http://ingvarr.net.ru/photo/341 |date=2012-12-12 }} {{Krasnodar Krai}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Sochi| ]] [[Category:1838 establishments in Roushie]] [[Category:History o Kuban]] [[Category:History o the Caucasus]] [[Category:Host ceeties o the Winter Olympic Gemmes]] [[Category:Populatit coastal places in Roushie]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1838]] [[Category:Seaside resorts in Roushie]] [[Category:Spa touns in Roushie]] n9160uuuos1dchokq9plo2w1gvmx4s7 0 38400 918426 820684 2026-06-20T04:18:37Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |official_name = Qudsaya |other_name = |native_name = قدسيا<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = |settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = 250 |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Syria <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_mapsize =250 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Sirie <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Sirie}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Govrenorates o Sirie|Govrenorate]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Rif Dimashq Govrenorate]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Destricts o Sirie|Destrict]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Qudsaya Destrict]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah]] |subdivision_name3 = Qudsaya |settlement_type = Toun<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Metric <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of = 2004 census |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 33,571 |population_metro = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|33|32|N|36|13|E|region:SY|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = 800 |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Qudsaya''' ({{lang-ar|قدسيا‎}}) is a Sirie toun in [[Rif Dimashq Govrenorate]] an the admeenistrative centre o [[Qudsaya Destrict]]. The toun is locatit on the wastren slope o [[Munt Qasioun]], 7 km wast o [[Damascus]]. At the 2004 Census it haed a population o 33,571 fowk.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB03-7-2004.htm |title=Qudsaya population |access-date=2012-09-26 |archive-date=2019-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227145520/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB03-7-2004.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Adjacent tae the toun is the modren suburb o [[Dahiyat Qudsaya]]. ==References== {{reflist}} {{Rif Dimashq Govrenorate|Qudsaya}} [[Category:Ceeties in Sirie]] [[Category:Populatit places in Qudsaya Destrict]] 1ewcd6ams773ctds3k83ev7obv03toi 0 38401 918427 885349 2026-06-20T04:18:56Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918427 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Qudsaya Destrict''' ({{lang-ar|منطقة قدسيا}}) is a [[Sirie]] [[destrict]] ([[mantiqah]]) admeenistratively belangin tae [[Rif Dimashq Govrenorate]]. Locatit on the wastren slope o [[Munt Qasioun]] tae the wast o [[Damascus]]. At the 2004 Census it haed a population o 105,974 fowk. The toun o [[Qudsaya]] is the admeenistrative centre o the destrict. Till 2009, Qudsaya wis a sub-destrict athin [[Markaz Rif Dimashq]] Destrict. In Februar 2009, the destrict o Qudsaya wis formit includin the umwhile sub-destrict o Qudsaya wi twa mair sub-destricts frae the [[Zabadani Destrict]].<ref>[http://mla-sy.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2169:%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%82%20%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81%20%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82%20%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A9%20%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF%20%D8%A5%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AB%20%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9%20%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%20&catid=70:%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA&Itemid=41 New presidential decree to form Qudsaya district]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Diveesions== The destrict o Qudsaya is dividit intae three sub-destricts or [[Nahiya|Nāḥiyas]] (population accordin tae 2004 official census): *[[Qudsaya]] nahiyah (ناحية قدسيا): population 64,412.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB03-7-2004.htm |title=Qudsaya nahiyah population |access-date=2012-09-26 |archive-date=2019-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227145520/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB03-7-2004.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ayn al-Fijeh]] nahiyah (ناحية عين الفيجة): population 19,584.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB03-28-2004.htm |title=Ayn al-Fijeh nahiyah population |access-date=2012-09-26 |archive-date=2019-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216053221/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB03-28-2004.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Al-Dimas]] nahiyah (ناحية الديماس): population 21,978.<ref>[http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB03-27-2004.htm Dimas nahiyah population]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{Sirie-destricts|Rif Dimashq=yes}} {{Rif Dimashq Govrenorate|qudsaya}} {{Coord|33|32|N|36|13|E|type:district|display=title}} [[Category:Qudsaya Destrict]] cdty0ysd9qnhpio104ons2n6of2ssle 0 40440 918374 885811 2026-06-19T21:01:10Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Ort in der Türkei | Wappen = | Name = Meriç | Breitengrad = 41/11/21/N | Längengrad = 26/25/05/E | Provinz = Edirne | Höhe = 26 | FlächeOrt = | Gliederung = | EinwohnerLk = 15970 | EinwohnerLkStand = 2010 | EinwohnerLkQuelle = [http://rapor.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnksdb2=&ENVID=adnksdb2Env&report=turkiye_ilce_koy_sehir.RDF&p_il1=22&p_kod=1&p_yil=2010&p_dil=1&desformat=html Türkisches Institut für Statistik], abgerufen am 21. August 2011 | Postleitzahl = 22680 | Bürgermeister = Erol Dübek | BürgermeisterStand = 2011 | Partei = CHP | AnschriftStraße = | AnschriftOrt = | Webpräsenz = mericbelediyesi.com | Kaymakam = Uğur Kolsuz | WebpräsenzKaymakam = www.meric.gov.tr | FlächeLk = 448 | EinwohnerOrt = 3158 | EinwohnerOrtQuelle = [http://rapor.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnksdb2=&ENVID=adnksdb2Env&report=turkiye_ilce_koy_sehir.RDF&p_il1=22&p_kod=1&p_yil=2010&p_dil=1&desformat=html Türkisches Institut für Statistik], abgerufen am 21. August 2011 | EinwohnerOrtStand = 2010 }} '''Meriç''' is a destrict o [[Edirne Province]], [[Turkey]]. The population is 3158 as o 2010. The mayor is Erol Dübek ([[Republican Fowkpairty (Turkey)|CHP]]). ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://vdb.gib.gov.tr/edirnevdb/edirne/nehirler_g3.html Edirne Photos - Meriç Photos]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130323020023/http://vdb.gib.gov.tr/edirnevdb/edirne/nehirler_g3.html |date=2013-03-23 }} {{Destricts o Turkey|provname=Edirne|sortkey=Meric}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Meric}} [[Category:Populatit places in Edirne Province]] nuwcjw3mqinsqcqteedytbz76ajlxkc 0 40995 918398 885515 2026-06-19T23:11:01Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = North Kosovo | native_name = Северно Косово / ''Severno Kosovo'' | other_name = Ibarski Kolašin | native_name_lang = sr | settlement_type = Disputit Region | image_skyline = North Kosovo blank map.png | image_alt = North Kosovo | image_caption = North Kosovo is markit in orange |image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | mottoeng = | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = | subdivision_name = | subdivision_type1 = | subdivision_name1 = | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = Caipital | seat = [[North Kosovska Mitrovica]] (de facto) | government_footnotes = | leader_body = | leader_party = | leader_title1 = [[Serbie Assembly o Kosovo an Metohija]] | leader_name1 = [[Radovan Ničić]] | leader_title2 = [[Serbie Naitional Cooncil for Kosovo an Metohija]] | leader_name2 = [[Milan Ivanović (politeecian)|Milan Ivanović]] | leader_title3 = [[Meenistry for Kosovo an Metohija]] | leader_name3 = [[Goran Bogdanović]] | unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK --> | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 1,259 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = Includin: [[Leposavić]], [[Zvečan]], [[Zubin Potok]] an [[North Kosovska Mitrovica]] | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 72,500 | population_as_of = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = (estimate) | timezone1 = [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]] | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | footnotes = }} '''North Kosovo''' or '''Northren Kosovo''' ({{lang-sr|Северно Косово}}, ''Severno Kosovo''; {{lang-sq|Kosova Veriore}}) refers tae a territory in the northren pairt o the disputit region o [[Kosovo]], wi an ethnic [[Serbs|Serb]] majority that functions independently frae the remainder o the region, which haes an ethnic [[Albanies|Albanie]] majority.<ref>BBC, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7256488.stm Could Balkan break-up continue?], 22.02.08</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://vesti.krstarica.com/?rubrika=aktuelno&lang=0&sifra=afe653d27adc512847b316b901649c6d&dan=28&mesec=08&godina=2009 |title=Krstraica, August 28, 2009 |access-date=2012-10-31 |archive-date=2011-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001213246/http://vesti.krstarica.com/?rubrika=aktuelno&lang=0&sifra=afe653d27adc512847b316b901649c6d&dan=28&mesec=08&godina=2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> '''Ibarski Kolašin''' ({{lang-sr-cyr|Ибарски Колашин}}; {{lang-sq|Kollashini i Ibrit}}), a [[toponym]] that pre-dates the poleetical pairtition, is uised tae refer tae the aurie an aw. Neither the name nor the boondary haes ony offeecial status in either Kosovar Albanie or Serbie designation: tae ''[[Pristina]]'', the borders mark a laund which is left alane tae function autonomously; tae ''[[Belgrade]]'', the entire region remains subject tae the terms o the [[:en:Kumanovo Treaty|Kumanovo Treaty]]. ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commons category|North Kosovo}} {{North Kosovo}} {{Kosovo municipalities}} [[Category:North Kosovo| ]] [[Category:Disputit territories in Europe]] [[Category:Unthirldom o Kosovo]] [[Category:Regions o Kosovo]] [[Category:Serbie enclaves in Kosovo]] [[Category:Subdiveesions o Kosovo]] l3jg3y2bu5y4giwfw9i00wqb6l48gdz 0 41473 918335 895479 2026-06-19T12:57:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |official_name = Khan Dannun |other_name = Khan Danoun |native_name = <big>خان دنون</big> <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = |settlement_type = Veelage |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Syria<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_mapsize =250 |pushpin_map_caption = <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Sirie}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Govrenorates o Sirie|Govrenorate]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Rif Dimashq Govrenorate]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Destricts o Sirie|Destrict]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Markaz Rif Dimashq]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiya]] |subdivision_name3 = [[Al-Kiswah]] |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Metric <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of = 2004 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 8,727 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = Ethnicities |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title = Religions |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +3 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +2 |coordinates = {{coord|33|19|55|N|36|19|56|E|region:SY|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Khan Dannun''' ({{lang-ar|خان دنون}}, spelt '''Khan Danun''', '''Khan Dunnun''' or '''Khan Dhul-Nun''' an aw) is a toun in soothren [[Sirie]], admeenistratively pairt o the [[Markaz Rif Dimashq|Markaz Rif Dimashq Destrict]] o the [[Rif Dimashq Govrenorate]]. Locatit sooth o [[Damascus]], nearbi localities include [[Al-Taybah, Rif Dimishq|al-Taybah]] tae the wast, [[Muqaylibah]] tae the northwast, [[al-Kiswah]] 5 kilometres tae the north an [[Khiyarat Dannun]] tae the east. Accordin tae the [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]], Khan Dannun haed a population o 8,727 in the 2004 census.<ref name="CBS">[http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB03-1-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805134545/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB03-1-2004.htm |date=2020-08-05 }}. [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]] (CBS). Rif Dimashq Govrenorate. {{ar icon}}</ref> Khan Dannun contains a refugee camp wi the same name an is ane o ten [[Palestinian refugee camp]]s in Sirie recognisit bi [[UNRWA]] an aw. Accordin tae UNRWA statistics the camp haed a population o 7,841 in 1998.<ref>Mahmoud as-Sahly, Nabil. [http://www.badil.org/en/al-majdal/item/518-profiles-palestinian-refugees-in-syria Profiles: Palestinian Refugees in Syria] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020025959/http://badil.org/en/al-majdal/item/518-profiles-palestinian-refugees-in-syria |date=2012-10-20 }}. BADIL. Winter 1999.</ref> Accordin tae UNRWA the population o the camp in Juin 2008 wis 9,479 persons and 2,192 families.<ref>[http://www.unrwa.org/userfiles/population.pdf Total Registered Camp Population-Summary]. [[UNRWA]]. 2008-06-30.</ref> ==History== Khan Dannun wis oreeginally a lairge ''khan'' ("[[caravansary]]") completit in 1376 bi the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk]] govrenor o [[Damascus]], Manjak al-Yusufi,<ref name=Meinecke>Meinecke, 1996, p. 46.</ref> durin the reign o the [[Bahri dynasty|Bahri Mamluk]] sultan [[al-Ashraf Sha'ban]].<ref>Bosworth, 1989, p. 548.</ref> The ''khan'' wis designed bi Ali ibn al-Badri, kent as ''muhandis ash-Sham'' ("ingineer o Damascus.")<ref>Meinecke, 1996, p. 53.</ref> The name "Dan nun" is the [[colloquial]] version o "[[Dhul-Nun al-Misri|Dhul-Nun]],"<ref name="RGS334"/><ref>Ed. Popper, 1955, p. 51. Translated work of [[Ibn Taghribirdi]].</ref> a heichlie venerated 9t-century [[Muslim]] figur. He is considered tae be the early patriairch o the [[Sufi]]s.<ref name="RGS334">Royal Geographical Society, p. 334.</ref> Khan Dannun became a stoppin pynt on the ''[[hajj]]'' ("pilgrimage tae [[Mecca]]") caravan route efter al-Kiswah, an afore [[Ghabaghib]].<ref>Museums With No Frontiers, 2000, p. 202.</ref> The ''khan'', wi exception o its vaults, wis biggit in the traditional basalt masonry teepically foond in the auld structurs in [[Hauran]].<ref name=Meinecke/> It consistit o an open, square-shaped courtyard, the centre o which haed been occupee'd bi livestock. Surroondin the courtyard wur [[arcade (airchitectur)|arcade]]s biggit atop lodgin apairtments which servit as accommodation for visitors.<ref name="Burckhardt">Burckhardt, 1822, p. 54.</ref> The courtyard wis flankit bi circular basalt touers.<ref name="RGS334"/> Inside the khan wis a sma prayer ruim wi ''[[mihrab]]'' niche which indicatit the [[qibla|direction]] o [[Mecca]].<ref>Constable, p. 99.</ref> A mairsh wis formit in front o the ''khan's'' gate as a result o an eastren-flowin rivulet.<ref name="RGS334"/> When traveler [[John Lewis Burckhardt]] visitit the steid in the early 19t-century, the ''khan'' wis in ruins.<ref name="Burckhardt"/> Khan Dannun wis ane o the stops on the [[Damascus]]-[[Hauran]] line o the [[Hejaz Railway]].<ref>Palestine Exploration Fund, 1897, p. 200.</ref> In 1949, follaein the [[1948 Arab-Israeli War]], a [[Palestinian refugee camp]] cried Khan Dannun wis set up in the toun.<ref name="JMCC">[http://www.jmcc.org/localiteis.aspx?idd=2721&type=locality Khan Danoun Refugee Camp] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051027/http://www.jmcc.org/localiteis.aspx?idd=2721&type=locality |date=2016-03-04 }}. [[Jerusalem Media and Communications Center]] (JMCC). 2007-01-01.</ref> In 2009 a new sewage project for Khan Dannun, fundit bi the [[European Commission]], wis feenished.<ref>[http://www.unrwa.org/etemplate.php?id=54 UNRWA Commissioner-General Visits Syria]. [[UNRWA]]. 2009-04-23.</ref> ==References== {{reflist|2}} ==Bibliography== {{refbegin}} *{{cite book|first=Clifford Edmund|last=Bosworth|title=Encyclopaedia of Islam , Fascicle 107, Parts 107-108|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=tPsUAAAAIAAJ&dq=Khan+Danun&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=Brill Archive|year=1989|isbn=9004090827}} *{{cite book|first=John Lewis|last=Burckhardt|title=Travels in Syria and the Holy Land|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=9gJAAAAAYAAJ&dq=Khan+Danoun&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=J. Murray|year=1822}} *{{cite book|first=Olivia Remia|last=Constable|title=Housing the Stranger in the Mediterranean Warld: Lodging, Trade, and Travel in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=R-fR80mposoC&dq=Khan+Dennun&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2004|isbn=0521819180}} *{{cite book|first=Michael |last=Meinecke|title=Patterns of Stylistic Changes in Islamic Architecture: Local Traditions Versus Migrating Artists|url=http://books.google.co.jp/books?id=g8_kJYOu_moC&pg=PA46&lpg=PA46&dq=%22Khan+Dannun%22&source=bl&ots=eknzEg9BOt&sig=GQPEs2jxEIX3dW_jJJmeXs_GQOc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=DbxWULrfK-PkmAWzlYHwBg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Khan%20Dannun%22&f=false|publisher=New York University Press|year=1996|isbn=9780814754924}} *{{cite book|author=Museum With No Frontiers|title=The Umayyads: The Rise of Islamic Art|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=zaEHRF7ZS7IC&dq=Khan+Danun&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=AIRP|year=2000|isbn=187404435X}} *{{cite book|author=Ibn Taghribirdi|editor=William Popper|volume=15-17|title=University of California publications in Semitic philology|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=KSg7AQAAIAAJ&dq=Khan+Abu+Danun&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=The University of California Press|year=1955}} *{{cite book|author=Palestine Exploration Fund|title=Quarterly Statement|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=jXwUAAAAYAAJ&dq=Khan+Denun&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=Office of the Palestine Exploration Fund|year=1897}} *{{cite book|author=Royal Geographical Society|title=The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society|volume=16|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=KSg7AQAAIAAJ&dq=Khan+Abu+Danun&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=Royal Geographical Society (Great Britain)|year=1846}} {{refend}} {{Rif Dimashq Govrenorate|markaz}} {{Palestinian refugee camps}} [[Category:Populatit places in Markaz Rif Dimashq]] [[Category:Palestinian refugee camps in Sirie]] bursxjn1pv8wm768xwg16b6bbiewv43 0 42126 918338 885906 2026-06-19T13:15:02Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Russian town |en_name=Kirishi |ru_name=Кириши |image_skyline=Кириши, ДС 'Нефтяник' 01.jpg }} '''Kirishi''' ({{Lang-ru|Ки́риши}}) is a [[teeps o inhabitit localities in Roushie|toun]] in [[Leningrad Oblast]], [[Roushie]], situatit on the richt bank o the [[Volkhov River]], {{convert|115|km|sp=us}} sootheast o [[Saunt Petersburg|St.&nbsp;Petersburg]]. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=52,309|p2002=55,634|p1989=53,014}} ==History== [[File:Kirishineft.jpg|thumb|Oilmen's Sports Palace]] The name o the toun oreeginates frae the [[Kirisha River]] (previously Kiresha), a tributary o the Volkhov River. The dounsett o Kirishi wis first mentioned in 1693. It wis completely destroyed in 1943 durin [[Warld War II]]. In 1960, it wis rebuilt, an the [[Kinef|Kirishi ile refinery]] wis constructit. In 1965, Kirishi wis grantit toun status. In 1974, a "BVK" (''belkovo-vitaminny kontsentrat'', i.e., "protein-vitamin concentrate") production facility wis constructit next tae the ile refinery. This wis the USSR Meenistry o Microbiological Industrie's seicont plant o this kynd (efter the ane in [[Kstovo]], opened in 1973). It uised n-[[parafin]]s (byproducts o ile refinin) as feedstock for [[baurm]], which in its turn producit [[single-cell protein]], uised as poultry an cattle feed.<ref name=johnson>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090807064218/http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/6607-9.cfm KIRISHI: A GREEN SUCCESS STORY?] (Johnson's Russia List, Dec. 19, 2002)</ref> Efter a 1987 accident at the microbiological plant, mass protests forcit the [[Supreme Soviet]] (1989) tae close doun the facility, as well as its seiven sister plants throughoot the Soviet Union.<ref name=johnson /> ==Internaitional relations== {{Main|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Roushie}} ===Twin touns an sister ceeties=== Kirishi is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi: *{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Iisalmi]], [[Finland]] *{{Flagicon|Norway}} [[Tysfjord]], [[Norawa]] ==References== {{Commons category|Kirishi}} {{Reflist}} {{Leningrad Oblast}} {{Baltic Pipeline System}} [[Category:Ceeties an touns in Leningrad Oblast]] czjzkkoiz249w32qemq80mec3tae2ap 0 42750 918423 905838 2026-06-20T04:09:40Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |en_name=Pskov |ru_name=Псков |image_skyline=Pskov asv07-2018 Kremlin aerial1.jpg |image_caption=[[Pskov Krom|Krom]] (or Kremlin) in Pskov |coordinates = {{coord|57|49|N|28|20|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=right |image_coa=Pskovgfull.svg |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Pskov (Pskov oblast).svg |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday=July&nbsp;23 |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=[[Pskov Oblast]] |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref414" /> |adm_data_as_of=February 2009 |adm_city_jur=[[Ceety o federal subject significance|Ceety]] o Pskov |adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref414" /> |adm_ctr_of1=[[Pskov Oblast]] |adm_ctr_of1_ref= |adm_ctr_of2=[[Pskovsky Destrict]] |adm_ctr_of2_ref= |adm_ctr_of3=Ceety o Pskov |adm_ctr_of3_ref=<ref name="Ref414" /> |inhabloc_cat=Ceety |inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref414" /> |mun_data_as_of=Februar 2005 |urban_okrug_jur=Pskov Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref863" /> |mun_admctr_of1=Pskov Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Ref863" /> |mun_admctr_of2=Pskovsky Municipal District |mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref863" /> |leader_title=City Head |leader_title_ref= |leader_name=Ivan Tsetsersky |leader_name_ref= |representative_body=[[Pskov Ceety Duma|Ceety Duma]] |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2= |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=203279 |pop_2010census_rank=91st |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=903 |established_title=First mentioned |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date= |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1= |prev_name1_date= |prev_name1_ref= |postal_codes=180xxx |postal_codes_ref= |dialing_codes=8112 |dialing_codes_ref= |website=http://www.pskovgorod.ru/ |website_ref= |commonscat=Pskov |date=April 2010 }} '''Pskov''' ({{lang-rus|Псков|a=pskov-ru.ogg|p=pskof}}, auncient Roushie spellin "Плѣсковъ", ''Pleskov'') is a [[teeps o inhabitit localities in Roushie|ceety]] an the [[admeenistrative centre]] o [[Pskov Oblast]], [[Roushie]], locatit aboot {{convert|20|km|sp=us}} east frae the [[Estonie]] border, on the [[Velikaya River]]. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=203,279|p2002=202,780|p1989=203,789}} ==Internaitional relations== {{See an aw|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Roushie}} ===Twin touns an sister ceeties=== Pskov is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi the follaein ceeties:<ref>[http://derjava.pskov.ru/sisters/ Города-побратимы (''Twin cities'')] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022051145/http://derjava.pskov.ru/sisters/ |date=2012-10-22 }}. Краеведческий Архив Псковской области. Retrieved 2010-02-27.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |- valign="top" | *{{Flagicon|France}} [[Arles]], [[Fraunce]] *{{Flagicon|Poland}} [[Białystok]], [[Poland]] *{{Flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Chernihiv]], [[Ukraine]] *{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Gera]], [[Germany]] *{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Kuopio]], [[Finland]] *{{Flagicon|China}} [[Mianyang]], [[Cheenae]] *{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Neuss]], Germany || *{{Flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Nijmegen]], [[Netherlands]] *{{Flagicon|Sweden}} [[Norrtälje]], [[Swaden]] *{{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[Perth, Scotland|Perth]], [[Unitit Kinrick]] *{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Roanoke, Virginia|Roanoke]], [[Unitit States]] *{{Flagicon|Estonia}} [[Tartu]], [[Estonie]] *{{Flagicon|Latvia}} [[Valmiera]], [[Latvie]] *{{Flagicon|Belarus}} [[Vitebsk]], [[Belaroushie]] |} ==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}} ===Sources=== *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|psk|adm|law}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|psk|mun|list0}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.pskovgorod.ru/ Offeecial wabsteid o Pskov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110226082039/http://pskovgorod.ru/ |date=2011-02-26 }} {{ru icon}} [[Category:Pskov| ]] [[Category:Ceeties o Militar Glory]] b9pkljpcxearowqcx76n2o48m2a1kfo 0 42814 918395 914481 2026-06-19T22:59:16Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918395 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Nishinari-ku in Osaka City.svg|thumb|Location o Nishinari-ku in Osaka Ceety]] {{nihongo|'''Nishinari-ku'''|西成区}} is ane o the 24 [[wairds o Japan|wairds]] o [[Osaka]], Japan. It contains some shoppin an entertainment auries, such as [[Shinsekai]] an Tamade. It lies directly sooth o the [[Namba]] transport hub an extends further sooth toward [[Sumiyoshi Park]]. It is servit bi the [[Nankai Railway]] lines as well as the [[Yotsubashi Line|Yotsubashi]] an [[Sakaisuji Line|Sakaisuji]] subwey lines. Nishinari-ku is hame tae a nummer o 'shitamachi' ("lower-town") shoppin streets, increasingly a rarity in fast-developin urban Japan. [[Kamagasaki]] in Nishinari-ku is hame tae a lairge nummer o day-laborers an maist o the [[hameless]] fowk in Osaka.<ref>Johnston, Eric, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20110607061855/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20091208i1.html NISHINARI WARD: In Osaka, a place the homeless call home: Nishinari draws in the forsaken of the nation]", ''[[Japan Times]]'', December 8, 2009, p. 3.</ref> ==Creeme an safety== Twa [[Yakuza#Designatit boryokudan|designatit yakuza groups]], the [[Sakaume-gumi]] an the [[Azuma-gumi]], are based in Nishinari.<ref>[http://www.npa.go.jp/hakusyo/h22/honbun/pdf/22p02000.pdf "2010 Police White Paper Chapter 2 : Furtherance of Organized Crime Countermeasures"], 2010, ''[[National Police Agency (Japan)|National Police Agency]]'' {{Ja icon}}</ref> ==Transport== ===West Japan Railway Company=== *[[Osaka Loop Line]]: [[Shin-Imamiya Station]] ===Osaka Municipal Subway=== *[[Midōsuji Line]]: [[Dobutsuen-mae Station]] *Sakaisuji Line: [[Dobutsuen-mae Station]], [[Tengachaya Station]] *Yotsubashi Line: [[Hanazonocho Station]], [[Kishinosato Station]], [[Tamade Station]] ===Nankai Railway=== *[[Nankai Main Line]]: [[Shin-Imamiya Station]], [[Tengachaya Station]], [[Kishinosatotamade Station]] *[[Nankai Kōya Line|Kōya Line]]: [[Shin-Imamiya Station]], [[Haginochaya Station]], [[Tengachaya Station]], [[Kishinosatotamade Station]] *[[Shiomibashi Line]]: [[Kizugawa Station]], [[Tsumori Station]], [[Nishi-Tengachaya Station]], [[Kishinosatotamade Station]] ===Hankai Railway=== *[[Hankai Line]]: [[Minamikasumicho Station]], [[Imaike Station (Osaka)|Imaike Station]], [[Imafune Station]], [[Matsudacho Station]], [[Kitatengachaya Station]], [[Shotenzaka Station]], [[Tenjinnomori Station]], [[Higashitamade Station]], [[Tsukanishi Station]] ==Education== Public elementary an junior heich schuils are operatit bi the Osaka Ceety Buird o Education. The public heich schuils are operatit bi the [[Osaka Prefectural Buird o Education]]. {{col-start}} {{col-break}} ===Elementary schuils=== *Imamiya Elementary Schuil *Kishinosato Elementary Schuil *Kitatsumori Elementary Schuil *Koji Elementary Schuil *Senbon Elementary Schuil *Tachibana Elementary Schuil *Tamade Elementary Schuil *Tsumori Elementary Schuil *Tengachaya Elementary Schuil *Nagahashi Elementary Schuil *Haginochaya Elementary Schuil *Bainan Elementary Schuil *Matsunomiya Elementary Schuil *Minamitsumori Elementary Schuil {{col-break}} ===Junior heich schuils=== *Imamiya Junior Heich Schuil *Tsurumibashi Junior Heich Schuil *Tengachaya Junior Heich Schuil *Seinan Junior Heich Schuil *Bainan Junior Heich Schuil *Tamade Junior Heich Schuil ===Heich schuils=== *Imamiya Technical Heich Schuil *Nishinari Heich Schuil {{col-end}} ==See an aw== * [[Kamagasaki]], Day Laborers' Destrict * [[Tobita Shinchi]], brothel eistrict ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commons category}} * [http://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/contents/wdu020/nishinari/english/ Offeecial wabsteid o Nishinari]{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{en icon}} {{Osaka}} [[Category:Wairds o Osaka]] ag703pf1bglj9clpfnqw339edvbsszi 0 42835 918412 917522 2026-06-20T00:23:13Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Korean name|[[Park (name)|Park]]}} {{Infobox muisical airtist |name=Park Ji-yoon (박지윤) |image = |background = solo_singer |birth_name = |alias = |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1982|1|3}} |origin = [[Sooth Korea]] |instrument = |genre = [[K-pop]], [[R&B]], [[Hip-Hop]] |occupation = [[Sangster]], [[Actor]] |years_active = 1997–present |label = Seoul Records <small>(1997&ndash;1999)</small><br />[[JYP Entertainment]] <small>(2000&ndash;2003)</small><br />[[Sony BMG|Sony Music Korea]] <small>2009&ndash;present</small> |associated_acts = |website = [http://www.cyworld.com/miyaogom/ Park's personal Cyworld] }} {{Infobox Korean name | hangul=박지윤 | hanja=朴志胤 | rr=Bak Ji-yun | mr=Pak Chiyun}} '''Park Ji-yoon''' (born 3 Januar 1982) is a Korean pop sangster, actress, an model, who debuted as a [[Haitai]] model at age 13. Park Ji Yoon is weel kent in Korea an abroad for her actin, singin an modellin skills. She has a B.F.A. frae Namseoul University in Environmental Airt & Design. == Career== Efter debutin as a commercial model at the age o 13, she released her first album in 1997, titled ''Haneulsaek Ggoom'' (''하늘색 꿈'', "''Sky Blue Dream''"). Her hit singles "Haneulsaek Ggoom" frae her debut album, "Seonginshik" frae her fourth, an "Nam Namjaya" frae ''Man'', receivin a lot o love frae fans.<ref>{{ko icon}}Choi, Dae-han. [http://www.todaykorea.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=70558 쇼! 음악중심 '박지윤의 7년만의 7집앨범, 인순이 기대해주세요' (Show! Music Core'' "Anticipate Park Ji-yoon's Seventh Album and In Sooni"'')]. ''TodayKorea''. May 2, 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2009.</ref><ref name=interview>{{ko icon}}Lee, Kyeong-ran. [http://news.joins.com/article/3594556.html?ctg=1503 박지윤 “박진영과 결별 후 안됐다는 말 들을까봐…” (''Park Ji-yoon, "After Splitting from Park Jin Young, I Thought I'd Hear that I Can't Succeed..."'')]. [[JoongAng Ilbo|Joins.com]]. May 4, 2009. Retrieved May 9, 2009.</ref> Housomeivver, due tae creative differences, Park left [[JYP Entertainment]] efter her saxt album; she felt that insteid o showin her true sel as an airtist, she wis being controlled bi producer [[Park Jin-young]].<ref name=songwriter>{{ko icon}}Lee, Kyeong-ran. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090527121607/http://article.joins.com/article/article.asp?total_id=3580009&ctg=15 가수 박지윤, 싱어송라이터로 돌아온다 (''Singer Park Ji-yoon Comes Back as Singer-Songwriter'']. ''[[JoongAng Ilbo|Joins.com]]''. April 22, 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2009.</ref> Park then teuk an extendit break frae singin an entered the film an muisical fields.<ref name=return>{{ko icon}}Lee, Mi-hyae. [http://isplus.joins.com/enter/star/200904/20/2009042008100060710020100000201040002010401.html?click=isplus 박지윤, 23일 6년만에 가수컴백 ‘여전히 아름다워’ (''Park Ji-yoon Returns After 6 Years on 23rd, "As Beautiful as Always"'')] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527121653/http://isplus.joins.com/enter/star/200904/20/2009042008100060710020100000201040002010401.html?click=isplus |date=2009-05-27 }}. ''[[JoongAng Ilbo|IS Plus]]''/''Newsen''. April 20, 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2009.</ref> Efter 6 years, Park returned wi her seivent album, ''Ggot, Dashi Cheotbunjjae'' (''꽃, 다시 첫번째'', "''Flower, Again for the First Time''"). Leavin ahint her sexy image frae "Seonginshik", Park attemptit tae put her experiences o bein in her 20s intae this album,<ref name=interview /> writin three o the sangs on it<ref name=return /> an haein creative input in producin the album an designin its cover.<ref>{{ko icon}}Kim, Sang-ho. [http://www.sportsseoul.com/news2/entertain/broad/2009/0504/20090504101040200000000_6931681955.html 박지윤, 7집 컴백 앞두고 커피 서빙했다? (''Park Ji-Yoon, Serving Coffee Before 7th Album Comeback?'')] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507110448/http://www.sportsseoul.com/news2/entertain/broad/2009/0504/20090504101040200000000_6931681955.html |date=2009-05-07 }}. ''SportsSeoul''. May 4, 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2009.</ref> She made her comeback wi the sang "Baraejin Kieukae" ("바래진 기억에", "''In My Fading Memory''") on [[Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation|MBC]]'s ''Show! Eumak Jungshim'' on 2 Mey 2009 an on [[Seoul Broadcasting System|SBS]]'s ''Inkigayo'' on 3 Mey.<ref>Jeong, Myeong-hwa. [http://joynews.inews24.com/php/news_view.php?g_serial=412221&g_menu=700091 '컴백' 박지윤, 성숙하고 자연스러운 매력 '눈길' (''"Comeback" Park Ji-Yoon, Mature and Natural Charms "Gaze"'')]. ''JoyNews''. May 2, 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2009.</ref> The sang wis written an producit bi Dear Cloud.<ref>{{ko icon}}Hwang, Yoon-jeong. [http://ent.jknews.co.kr/article/news/20090502/6017642.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503123113/http://ent.jknews.co.kr/article/news/20090502/6017642.htm |date=2009-05-03 }} [가수 박지윤, ‘음악중심’ 컴백 화제 ‘화려하게~’(''Singer Park Ji-yoon, ''Music Core'' Comeback Response "Brilliant"'')] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503123113/http://ent.jknews.co.kr/article/news/20090502/6017642.htm |date=2009-05-03 }}. ''JK News''. May 2, 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2009.</ref> == Discografie == * ''Haneulsaek Kkum'' (''하늘색 꿈'', "''Sky Blue Dream''") &mdash; December 1997 ** Singles: "Haneulsaek Kkum", "Baby Baby Baby" * ''Blue Angel'' &mdash; November 1998 ** Singles: "Steal Away", "Sojunghan Sarang" ("소중한 사랑", "''Precious Love''"), "Nae Nunae Seulpeun Bee" ("내 눈에 슬픈 비", "''The Rain in My Eyes''") * ''The Age Ain't Nothing But a Number'' &mdash; 8 August 1999 ** Singles: "Gabeoryeo" ("가버려", "''Go Away''"), "Amugeotdo Mollayo" ("아무것도 몰라요", "''I Don't Know Anything''"), * ''Seonginsik'' (''성인식'', "''Coming of Age Ceremony''") &mdash; 26 Julie 2000 ** "Seonginsik", "Dalbiche Norae" ("달빛의 노래", "''Moonlight Song''"), "Hwansang" ("환상", "''Illusion''") * ''Man'' &mdash; 11 Januar 2002 ** Singles: "Nan Namjaya" ("난 남자야", "''I'm a Man''"), "Nan Sarang-e Ppajyeotjyo" ("난 사랑에 빠졌죠", "''I'm Falling in Love''"), "Baekjo" ("백조", "''Swan''") * ''Woo~ Twenty One'' &mdash; 27 Februar 2003 ** Singles: "Hal Jul Areo?" ("할 줄 알어?", "''Do You Know How?''"), "DJ" (featuring [[Psy (rapper)|PSY]]), "Yeojaga Namja-ege Baraneun Yeolhan-Gaji" ("여자가 남자에게 바라는 11가지", "''11 Things Women Want from Men''") * ''Kkot, Dasi Cheotbeonjjae'' 2009 (''꽃, 다시 첫번째'', "''Flower, Again for the First Time''") ** Singles: "Baraejin Gieoge" ("바래진 기억에", "''In My Fading Memory''") * ''Tree of Life'' &mdash; 20 Februar 2012 ** Singles: "Tree of Life" == Filmografie == === Film === * ''Grape Candy'' (2012) * ''Seoul'' (2010) * ''Restoration'' (2010) - narration * ''First Kiss'' (1998) === Televeesion=== * ''Shut Up Family'' (KBS2, 2012) * ''Goodbye, Dear Wife'' (Channel A, 2012) * ''[[Lie to Me (2011 TV series)|Lie to Me]]'' (SBS, 2011) * ''Bichunmoo'' (GDTV, 2006 / SBS, 2008) * ''New Human Market'' (SBS, 2004) * ''Ghost'' (SBS, 1999) * ''Three Guys and Three Girls'' (MBC, 1997) * ''Dinosaur Teacher'' (SBS, 1993) ==References== {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == * [http://www.parkjiyoon.co.kr Park Ji Yoon] * [http://epg.epg.co.kr/star/profile/index.asp?actor_id=1182 Profile at EPG] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060907072728/http://epg.epg.co.kr/star/profile/index.asp?actor_id=1182 |date=2006-09-07 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Park, Ji-yoon}} [[Category:1982 births]] [[Category:K-pop sangsters]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Sooth Korean film actresses]] [[Category:Sooth Korean televeesion actresses]] [[Category:Sooth Korean female sangsters]] [[Category:Sooth Korean pop sangsters]] gryttdjag1t4plf5nbp2ig5jcztj071 0 43643 918497 822129 2026-06-20T11:16:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Umm al-Tuyour |native_name = <big>أم الطيور</big> |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |pushpin_map =Syria |pushpin_mapsize =250 |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Sirie}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Govrenorates o Sirie|Govrenorate]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Latakia Govrenorate]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Destricts o Sirie|Destrict]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Latakia Destrict]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah]] |subdivision_name3 = [[Qastal Ma'af]] |settlement_type = Veelage<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Metric <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2004 census |population_note = |population_total = 1101 |population_footnotes = <ref name="CBS"/> |timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +2 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |coordinates = {{coord|35|45|17|N|35|50|48|E|region:SY|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Umm al-Tuyour''' ({{lang-ar|<big>أم الطيور</big>}}) is a toun in northwastren [[Sirie]], admeenistratively pairt o the [[Latakia Govrenorate]], locatit north o [[Latakia]] on the [[Mediterranean]] coast. Nearby localities include [[Al-Shamiyah]] an [[Burj Islam]] tae the sooth, [[Ras al-Basit]] an [[al-Badrusiyah]] tae the north. Accordin tae the [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]], Umm al-Tuyour haed a population o 1,101 in the 2004 census.<ref name="CBS">[http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB06-5-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217050543/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB06-5-2004.htm |date=2019-12-17 }}. [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]] (CBS). Latakia Govrenorate. {{ar icon}}</ref> Its inhabitants are predominantly [[Alawi]]tes.<ref>Smith, 1841, p. 180.</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==Bibliografie== {{refbegin}} *{{cite book|first1=Eli|last1=Smith|first2=Edward|last2=Robinson|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Vt0uAAAAQAAJ&dq=d'Helfaya&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=Crocker and Brewster|volume=3|year=1841}} {{refend}} {{Latakia Govrenorate|latakia}} [[Category:Populatit places in Latakia Destrict]] [[Category:Populatit coastal places in Sirie]] [[Category:Veelages in Sirie]] fl5eybzdfsezgk6t5wocn8mtbp66ptr 0 44081 918344 885948 2026-06-19T13:48:48Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Ither places3|Kstovo (inhabitit locality)}} {{Infobox Russian town |en_name=Kstovo |ru_name=Кстово |image_skyline=C0244-Kstovo-Lenin-Square.jpg |image_caption=''Ploshchad' Lenina'' (Lenin Square) in Kstovo |coordinates = {{coord|56|09|N|44|11|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=right |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Kstovo (Nizhny Novgorod oblast).png |coa_caption= |image_flag= |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday= |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=[[Nizhny Novgorod Oblast]] |federal_subject_ref= |adm_data_as_of= |adm_district_jur=[[Kstovsky Destrict]] |adm_district_jur_ref= |adm_ctr_of= |adm_ctr_of_ref= |inhabloc_cat=Town |inhabloc_cat_ref= |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |mun_data_as_of= |mun_district_jur= |mun_district_jur_ref= |urban_settlement_jur= |urban_settlement_jur_ref= |mun_admctr_of= |mun_admctr_of_ref= |leader_title= |leader_title_ref= |leader_name= |leader_name_ref= |representative_body= |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2= |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=66657 |pop_2010census_rank=233rd |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=14t century |established_title= |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date=1957 |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1= |prev_name1_date= |prev_name1_ref= |postal_codes= |postal_codes_ref= |dialing_codes=83145 |dialing_codes_ref= |website=http://www.kstovo-adm.ru/ |website_ref= |commonscat=Kstovo |date=May 2010 }} '''Kstovo''' ({{lang-ru|Ксто́во}}) is a [[teeps o inhabitit localities in Roushie|toun]] an the [[admeenistrative centre]] o [[Kstovsky Destrict]] o [[Nizhny Novgorod Oblast]], [[Roushie]], locatit on the richt bank o the [[Volga River]], {{convert|22|km|sp=us}} sootheast o [[Nizhny Novgorod]]. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=66,657|p2002=66,944|p1989=62,414}} ==Etymologie== The place name is said tae hae oreeginatit frae the [[Mordvinic leids|Mordvin]] ''ksty'', meanin "strawberry".<ref>{{citation|author1=Erman, Adolph|title=Archiv für Wissenschaftliche Kunde von Russland, Volume 10|year=1852|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=IBEaAQAAIAAJ|page=324}} {{de icon}}</ref> ==History== The veelage o Kstovo wis mentioned as early as the 14t century. Wi the construction o Novogorkovsky Ile Refinery ({{lang|ru|Новогорьковский нефтеперерабатывающий завод}}; stairtit operations on 18 August 1958<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/p451300v04v74610/|title=Ten years of the Novogor'kii Refinery|author=M. S. Matveev|periodical=Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils|volume=4|issue=8|month=August|year=1968}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Translated from ''Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel'', No. 8, pp. 1–4, August 1968</ref>) in the 1950s, a new toun wus biggit a few kilometres tae the sootheast o the auld veelage o Kstovo, on the heich grund atween the [[Volga River|Volga]] an the [[Kudma River]]s. Syne then, the wastren pairt o the toun centred aroond the oreeginal veelage o Kstovo, an, still quite landwart in character, haes been commonly referred tae as the Auld Kstovo (''Staroye Kstovo''), while the newer eastren pairt, biggit in the 1950s, an still expandin, is kent as the New Kstovo (''Novoye Kstovo''). As the New Kstovo expandit ower the years, it completely or pairtially displacit several smawer veelages. Accordin tae Google Maps (2012), the veelages o Lukeryino (maistly demolished) an Vishenki (still preservin its landwart character) are nou athin the offeecial ceety leemits, whilk [[Veliky Vrag, Kstovsky Destrict, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast|Veliky Vrag]] remains ootside o them. Kstovo wis grantit [[urban-teep dounset]] status in 1954 an toun status in 1957. ==Education== [[File:C0214-Kstovo-Military-engineering-school.jpg|thumb|The Militar Ingineerin College]] An Ile Industry Commonty College (''Neftyanoy [[Technicum]]'') trains skilled wirkers an technicians for the [[petrochemical]] industrie. Nizhny Novgorod Tehcnological Varsity affers fore-nicht classes in Kstovo for the students studyin in its [[Distance Education]] [[chemical ingineerin]] program.<ref>[http://www.nntu.sci-nnov.ru/RUS/fakyl/VECH/kst.htm Nizhny Novgorod Technical University, Kstovo Branch] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008044426/http://www.nntu.sci-nnov.ru/RUS/fakyl/VECH/kst.htm |date=2006-10-08 }} (Accessed 2006 October 24) {{ru icon}}.</ref> Nizhny Novgorod Militar Ingineerin College ({{lang-ru|Нижегородское высшее военно-инженерное командное училище}}), foondit in 1801 in [[Saunt Petersburg]] an muivit in 1960 tae [[Kaliningrad]], receivit its current name in 1995, whan it wis transferred tae Kstovo.<ref name="NVVIKU">Colonel (retired) Boris Mikhailovoch Denisov, "Forgotten Anniversary". [http://www.pereplet.ru/text/denisov/denisov_inzhen.htm "Russky Pereplet" magazine, 3 November 2006] {{ru icon}}</ref> ==Cultur== [[File:С0100-Kstovo-beach.JPG|thumb|On the toun beach]] The toun haes a [[puppet theatre]] an aw, a [[palace o cultur]], a public [[library]], an an active [[chess]] club. The movie theatre (oreeginally namit "Saturn", then "50 Let VLKSM" (i.e., "50 Years' Anniversary o [[Komsomol]]", an feenally "Rus'"), wis popular wi the ceetizens durin the Soviet era, but closed doun efter the advent o [[VCR]]s an [[DVD]]s. Pairt o its premises wur uised bi an Eldorado electronics store for a few years in the early 2000s. ==Sports== [[File:C0381-Kstovo-SAMBO-Academy-.jpg|thumb|"The World Sambo Academy" in Kstovo, the venue o mony [[Sambo (mairtial airt)|Sambo]] competitions]] Kstovo's best kent sportin venue is The Warld Academy o [[Sambo (mairtial airt)|Sambo]], which haes hostit mony naitional an internaitional Sambo warstlin competitions. Its oreegins go back tae 1964, whan the first local Sambo club wis formit. In October 1976, a Sambo School biggin wis opened on the wastren edge o the toun; in 1995, in time for the Sambo Warld Cup, a new, tawer biggion wis constructit next tae it, the facility becomin kent as the "Warld Academy o Sambo".<ref>[http://www.riakreml.ru/speak/?19060 "Михаил Бурдиков: После оглушительных успехов наших самбистов иностранные журналисты долго пытались отыскать на карте мира маленький город Кстово"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929002417/http://www.riakreml.ru/speak/?19060 |date=2007-09-29 }} (An article on the history of Sambo in Kstovo) (RIA Kreml, November 2004) {{ru icon}}</ref> ==Releegion== [[File:C0229-Old-Kstovo-church.jpg|thumb|The Kirk o Oor Lady o Kazan in the Auld Kstovo, rather eclectic in its modren appearance]] Christians are servit bi three Orthodox kirks in the toun an immediately adjacent veelages. The Kirk o [[Oor Lady o Kazan]] in the Auld Kstovo wis biggit in the late 19t century, closed durin the Communist era, when its biggin wis uised for a printshop, an re-opened an augmentit in the early 1990s. Closer tae the ceety centre is anither Kirk o Oor Lady o Kazan; awtho it can be seen frae mony apairtment biggins on Kstovo's new north-east side, this historic biggin (constructit in 1792 an is nou protectit as a heritage steid) is actually locatit in the veelage o [[Veliky Vrag, Kstovsky Destrict, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast|Veliky Vrag]], which haes no (yet) been annexed bi the toun. juist northeast o the ceety; it wis biggit in, awned bi the federal govrenment. Feenally, the sma Kirk o [[Saunt Vladimir|St.Vladimir]] in Vishenki veelage (nou athin the ceety leemits, juist sooth o the ceety's main urban aurie), is the closest tae maist o the ceety's residential neebourheids. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20020526071512/http://kstov.by.ru/ Unoffeecial wabsteid o Kstovo] {{ru icon}} {{Nizhny Novgorod Oblast}} [[Category:Ceeties an touns in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast]] [[Category:Populatit places on the Volga]] hdcwmlh9auzfw1n5pmexhd0te6qa1fr 0 44561 918483 885518 2026-06-20T09:52:00Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |official_name = Tell Salhab |other_name = Tal Selhab |native_name = <big>تل سلحب</big> |nickname = |settlement_type = Toun |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Syria <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_mapsize =250 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Sirie <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Sirie}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Govrenorates o Sirie|Govrenorate]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Hama Govrenorate]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Destricts o Sirie|Destrict]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Al-Suqaylabiyah Destrict]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah]] |subdivision_name3 = Tell Salhab |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |leader_title = |leader_name = |government_footnotes = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Metric <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of = 2004 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 15,454 <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|35|15|39|N|36|22|56|E|region:SY|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Tell Salhab''' ({{lang-ar|<big>تل سلحب</big>}}, spelt '''Tal Selhab''' an aw) is a toun in northren [[Sirie]], admeenistratively pairt o the [[Hama Govrenorate]], locatit {{convert|48|km}} northwast o [[Hama]]. It is situatit on the soothren edge o the [[Ghab plain]] an bi the wastren bank o the [[Orontes River]].<ref name="hama">{{cite web|url=http://www.hama.ws/cms/?cat=23|title=لمحة موجزة عـن مدينة تــــــل سلحــــــب|date=3 March 2011|publisher=محافظة حماة|language=Arabic|accessdate=25 December 2012|archive-date=2014-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512220021/http://www.hama.ws/cms/?cat=23|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nearbi localities include [[Nahr al-Bared, Syria|Nahr al-Bared]], [[Asharnah]] an [[al-Suqaylabiyah]] tae the north, [[Deir Shamil]] an [[Deir Mama]] tae the sooth, [[Tremseh]], [[Mhardeh]] an [[Halfaya]] tae the east. Accordin tae the [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]], Tell Salhab haed a population o 15,454 in the 2004 census. It is the centre o a ''[[nahiyah]]'' ("subdestrict") an aw, pairt o the [[Al-Suqaylabiyah Destrict]], consistin o 18 localities an wi a combined population o 38,783 in 2004.<ref name="CBS">[http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB05-6-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213203143/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB05-6-2004.htm |date=2019-12-13 }}. [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]] (CBS). Hama Govrenorate. {{ar icon}}</ref> In the early 1960s its population wis aroond 700. Its indwallers are predominantly [[Alawi]]tes.<ref>{{cite book|first1=Robert|last1=Boulanger|title=The Middle East, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Iran|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=2a8LAQAAIAAJ&q=Tell+Selhab+Hama&dq=Tell+Selhab+Hama&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Yf3ZULapCIr89gTY3YCADQ&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA|publisher=Hachette|year=1966|page=452}}</ref> In 1978 a {{convert|5200|m2}} succar refinery wis biggit in Tell Salhab at a cost o $50 million. The refinery complex boastit a succar beet silo, a washin plant, pulp presses an dryers, an a watter reservoir.<ref>{{cite news|title=Salhab sugar refinery nears completion|date=1978|work=Middle East Economic Digest|page=43|volume=22|url=http://books.google.co.jp/books?id=c4QbAQAAMAAJ&q=%22The+complex+includes+a+sugar+beet+silo,+a+washing+plant,+pulp+presses%22&dq=%22The+complex+includes+a+sugar+beet+silo,+a+washing+plant,+pulp+presses%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jbvZULvHJcWjkgW04oEo&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAA}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{Hama Govrenorate|suqaylabiyah}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tell Salhab}} [[Category:Populatit places in al-Suqaylabiyah Destrict]] [[Category:Touns in Sirie]] kbcrb3b2hj91lg650pduackijujtdlb 0 44565 918336 885823 2026-06-19T13:02:50Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918336 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name =Khirbat al Faras |settlement_type =<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |official_name = |other_name = |native_name = خربة الفرس<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline = Khirbatalfaras.jpg |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Panoramic View o the veelage o Khirbet al-Faras |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Syria <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Sirie |pushpin_mapsize =250 <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Sirie}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Govrenorates o Sirie|Govrenorate]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Tartus Govrenorate]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Destricts o Sirie|Destrict]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Tartus Destrict]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah]] |subdivision_name3 = [[Tartus]] |settlement_type = Veelage<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Metric <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of =2004 census |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_footnotes = <ref name="CBS"/> |population_total = 1113 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Ethnicities |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title =Religions |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +2 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |coordinates = {{coord|34|57|3|N|36|0|48|E|region:SY|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code =43 |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Khirbat Al Faras''' ({{lang-ar|'''خربة الفرس'''}}) is a [[Sirie]]n veelage admeenistratively belangin tae [[Tartus Govrenorate]], its distance frae ceety o Tartus aboot 20&nbsp;km. Khirbat Al Faras haes an altitude o 300 metres an surroondit bi twa rivers. Accordin tae the [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]], Khirbet al-Faras haed a population o 1,113 in the 2004 census.<ref name="CBS">[http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB10-1-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220042825/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB10-1-2004.htm |date=2019-12-20 }}. [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]] (CBS). Tartus Govrenorate. {{ar icon}}</ref> ==Reference== {{reflist}} {{Tartus Govrenorate|tartus}} [[Category:Populatit places in Tartus Destrict]] [[Category:Veelages in Sirie]] em9luij9sut2lh9h4gcmnnrw3f20gr7 0 44858 918368 903383 2026-06-19T20:19:21Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=September 2019}} {{Infobox War on Terror detainee | name = Mamdouh Habib<br/>{{Lang-ar|ممدوح حبيب}} | image = Mamdouh Habib.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = Habib at an anti-war convention | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1955|6|3}} | birth_place = [[Alexandria]], [[Egyp]] | date_of_arrest = 5 October 2001 | place_of_arrest= | arresting_authority= | date_of_release = 11 Januar 2005 | place_of_release= | death_date = | death_place = | detained_at = [[Guantanamo Bay detention camp|Guantanamo Bay detainment camps]] | id_number = 661 | group = | alias = | charge = | penalty = | status = Released | occupation = | spouse = Maha Habib | parents = | children = Islam Hassam, Ahmed Mandouh Habib,<br/> Mustafa Habib, Hajer Habib }} '''Mamdouh Habib''' is an [[Egyp]]tian-born [[Australie]] [[Muslim]] best kent for his [[extrajudicial detention]] in the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in [[Cuba]], on suspicion o involvement in terrorism.<ref name=DoDList2>{{Cite web | url=http://www.dod.mil/news/May2006/d20060515%20List.pdf | format=PDF | title=List of Individuals Detained by the Department of Defense at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba from January 2002 through May&nbsp;15, 2006 | author=[[OARDEC]] | publisher=[[United States Department of Defense]] | date=15 May 2006 | accessdate=29 September 2007 | archive-date=2007-09-30 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184034/http://www.dod.mil/news/May2006/d20060515%20List.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref> The Unitit States accuised Habib o haein haed knawledge o the [[11t September attacks|11 September 2001 attacks]], trainin the hijackers, stayin at an [[al-Qaeda]] safe hoose in Afghanistan, conductin surveillance, helpin tae transfer chemical wappens, an plannin tae hijack the aircraft uised in the 11 September attacks. Housomeivver thare wis nae evidence tae support thir claims an he wis eventually released. Australie offeecials acknawledgit that he "ken naething aboot terrorism".<ref name="mayer"/> In November 2008, Habib released a beuk co-written wi Julia Collingwood teetled ''My Story: The Tale of a Terrorist Who Wasn't'' detailin his experiences.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.scribepublications.com.au/book/mystory |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-01-22 |archive-date=2008-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121075954/http://scribepublications.com.au/book/mystory |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Life== He wis born in 3 Juin 1955 in [[Alexandria]], [[Egyp]], muivit tae [[Australie]] in 1980, became a ceetizen thare, marriet a wumman namit Maha, haed fower childer, an taucht Islam, while runnin a [[café|coffee shop]] in [[Sydney]].<ref name="mayer">[[Jane Mayer|Mayer, Jane]], "[[The Dark Side (book)|The Dark Side: The Inside Story of How the War on Terror Turned Into a War on American Ideals]]", 2008. p. 125</ref> He is a dual ceetizen o Australie an o Egyp.<ref>http://inside.org.au/mamdouh-habib-who-knew-what-and-when/</ref><ref>http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/content/2005/s1377847.htm</ref> Efter bein released athoot chairge he ran as an unthirlt poleetical candidate in [[:en:New South Wales state election, 2007|New South Wales state election, 2007]], but failed tae gain a seat efter pollin less nor 5% in his electorate.<ref name=ElectionResult20070305/> ==1990s== Accordin tae the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] Current Affairs program ''[[Four Corners (TV program)|Four Corners]]''<ref name="4CWorst">ABC TV [http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/content/2004/s1157599.htm ''Four Corners'' Worst of the Worst?] retrieved 29 April 2008</ref> the (Australian) Defence Housing Authority teuk oot an apprehendit violence order against him, claiming he made a threatenin phone caw follaein the unjustifeed cancellation o a contract Habib haed wi the organisation. Habib says the allegit phone caw wis naething mair nor an argument ower a contract. In court his psychiatrist testified that Habib wis sufferin frae major depression an wis bein treatit wi [[Prozac]], but that he wis no prone tae violence. A witness statit at the trial; "He is irritable. He haes been preoccupeed wi a sense o howplessness about his futur. He haes become athdrawn an he haes been vera agitatit at hame an he haes been cryin excessively as well. There is nae evidence tae suggest that he is aggressive or aboot tae become aggressive or violent. He is no dangerous at this point." Accordin tae the same programme, in early 2001 at a meetin wi polis, Habib wis describit as showin "signs o hostility towards govrenment organisations an the commonty generally". The Protective Services Group wis askit tae dae "a detailed threat assessment" o Mr Habib. The feenal conclusion wis that thare wis nae information tae support concerns that Habib micht cairy oot an act o violence. The polis decidit Habib wis "a repetitious an vexatious complainant" an that "little credibility coud be attributit tae ony threats or allegations he mey mak". On 1 Mey 2009, Habib lost an appeal in the Full Federal Court against a 2007 Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) decision that affirmit the umwhile Foreign Affairs meenister's decision in 2006 tae refuse Mr Habib an Australie passport. Mr Habib haed appealed tae the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) against that decision. The AAT concludit that Mr Habib an his wife haed gien false evidence in the proceedins. The tribunal uised this conclusion tae fynd Mr Habib still held the same extremist sentiments that it wis acceptit he haed held afore 2001. ==2001 tae 2005 impreesonment: Pakistan, Egyp, Afghanistan, Cuba== Habib traveled tae Pakistan in 2001, howpin tae find employment an releegious schuils for his childer.<ref name="mayer"/> He wis arrestit in [[Pakistan]], deportit tae [[Egyp]] whaur he wis held for 5 month, transferred tae US militar custody, impreesoned in [[Afghanistan]], then sent tae [[Camp X-ray]], the [[Unitit States]] militar preeson camp at [[Guantánamo Bay]], [[Cuba]].<ref name="4CWorst"/> His documents frae Guantanamo Bay war released bi Wikileaks: http://resources.news.com.au/files/2011/04/25/1226044/528311-mamdouh-habib-file.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319172920/http://resources.news.com.au/files/2011/04/25/1226044/528311-mamdouh-habib-file.pdf |date=2012-03-19 }} A [[The Pentagon|Pentagon]] spokesman said that Habib wis a terrorist who spent his trip athort the mairch in Afghanistan, "either supportin hostile forces, or on the battlefield fechtin illegally against the U.S.".<ref name="mayer"/> ===Arrest=== Habib wis arrestit on 5 October 2001 while travelin bi bus tae [[Karachi]], Pakistan. The bus wis stoppit bi local polis who arrestit Habib an twa Germans. The twa German ceetizens arrestit wi Habib wur released shortly thareefter.<ref name="4CWorst"/> The ''Four Corners'' airin statit that, unner intense an lenthy interrogation, the twa Germans wur askit whether thay haed seen Habib, an whether he haed tauld them that he haed been in [[Afghanistan]]. Thay said naething that incriminatit Habib; ane repleed; "Nae. A didna see him in the camps A wis in. Nor did he tell us that he haed been in a trainin camp." Australie govrenment authorities allege that Habib wis in Afghanistan, an that while thare he teuk an advancit [[al-Qaeda]] trainin course in a camp near Kabul. It is claimit that the course includit surveillance an photografin facilities, the establishment an uise o safe hooses, covert traivel an writin secret reports. Australie authorities say that several ither men who teuk pairt in the course identifeed Habib as haein been thare. Evidence tae support thir claims haes no been made public.<ref name="4CWorst"/> In an interview wi the Australie ABC Habib refused tae confirm whether he haed been in Afghanistan, no acause he did no want tae answer, but acause he haed court hearins comin up.<ref name="SPMH">ABC radio Sunday Profile [http://www.abc.net.au/sundayprofile/stories/s1611352.htm Mamdouh Habib: Australia's Guantanamo Bay survivor] retrieved 30 April 2008</ref> ===Tortur allegations=== Habib alleges that he wis beaten an humiliatit in Pakistan efter his arrest. He alleges that an Australie offeecial wis present at some o thir interrogations an aw, but the Australie Govrenment haes denied this.<ref name=Smh051006>[http://www.smh.com.au/news/Global-Terrorism/Habib-details-torture-claim-in-court-documents/2005/01/06/1104832208379.html Australian official saw Habib tortured: report], ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'', 6 January 2005</ref> Habib claims tae hae been suspendit tae a ceilin bi his airms an aw, staundin atop a [[barrel drum]], an that whan he gae an answer his Pakistani interrogators didna believe, thay wad jolt him wi electricity till he faintit.<ref name="mayer"/> Habib wis then sent tae Egyp for five month.<ref name=WashingtonPost20050106> {{Cite news | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A51726-2005Jan5?language=printer | title=Terror Suspect Alleges Torture: Detainee Says U.S. Sent Him to Egypt Before Guantanamo | author=[[Dana Priest]]|author2=[[Dan Eggen]] | publisher=[[Washington Post]] | date=6 January 2005 | accessdate=1 September 2007 }}</ref> His Egyptian captors allegitly shockit him wi heich-voltage wires, hung him frae metal heuks on waws, an beat him. An Egyptian offeecial statit that he coud no comment on thir specific allegations, but addit that accusations that the Egyptian govrenment wis torturin fowk "tend tae be meethologie". Housomeivver the claims hae been substantiatit bi [[Moazzam Begg]] an ither witnesses. "They ootsource tortur," said Stephen Hopper, Habib's Australie lawyer.<ref name=AustralianBc050106>{{Cite news | url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200501/s1277343.htm | title=Documents reveal Habib torture allegations | publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | date=6 January 2005 | accessdate=1 September 2007 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050306202838/http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200501/s1277343.htm | archivedate=2005-03-06 | url-status=live }}</ref> "You get your friends an allees tae dae your dirty wirk for you." Habib housomeivver, haes said that some of his interrogators in Pakistan clearly haed American accents, an that ane haed a tattoo o an American banner attached tae a flagpole depictit as a [[middle finger]].<ref name="mayer"/> The umwhile coffee shop awner suin confessed tae a litany o terrorism-relatit creemes, includin teachin mairtial airts tae several o the [[:en:Responsibility for the September 11 attacks|11 September hijackers]] an plannin a hijackin hissel. Habib later insistit that his confessions wur false an gien unner "duress an tortur."<ref name=WashingtonPost20050106/> Habib wis then sent tae [[Camp X-Ray|Guantanamo Bay]] for twa years whaur he alleges further abuis. He says that he wis tauld bi interrogators that his faimily haed been killed, an that he wis teed tae the grund while a prostitute menstruatit on him.<ref name=Bbc050213>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4262095.stm Fresh Guantanamo torture claims], ''[[BBC]]'', 13 February 2005</ref> Australie Foreign Meenister [[Alexander Downer]] haes publicly challengit Habib's claims, sayin "nae evidence haes been foond tae pruive that tortur haes been uised at the camp.". The ''[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]'' interviewed [[Christopher Tennant]], the director o [[Sydney University]]'s Psychological medicine unit.<ref name=Abc7-30>[http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2005/s1304488.htm Habib was tortured, psychiatrist says], ''[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]'', 16 February 2005</ref> In the interview Tennant said: *"''He showed me marks on his back, he showed me cigarette burns on his body, and the subsequent examination by another professor of medicine, more expert in physical examination than me, confirmed that he's got skin discolouration on his right loin which would be consistent with old bruising, which in turn would be consistent with beating...''" *"''Well, the main feature of the medical report from Guantanamo was that he had had repeatedly blood in his urine, which is a very significant symptom and a worrying symptom, and that was consistent with his reports both to me and to the specialist physician who also examined him, and was consistent with the fact that, on examination, he had evidence of discolouration to his skin on his right loin, just over his kidney, which in turn was consistent with old bruising and possibly due to being beaten.''" ==Mamdouh Ibrahim Ahmed Habib v. George Bush== A [[writ o habeas corpus]], [[Mamdouh Ibrahim Ahmed Habib v. George Bush]], wis submittit on Mamdouh Ibrahim Ahmed Habib's behauf.<ref name=GuantanamoHabeasMamdouhIbrahimAhmedHabibVGeorgeBush> {{Cite web | url=http://humanrights.ucdavis.edu/projects/the-guantanamo-testimonials-project/testimonies/testimonies-of-the-defense-department/csrts/csrt_isn_661.pdf | title=Mamdouh Ibrahim Ahmed Habib v. George Bush | date=1 October 2004 | pages=1–63 | publisher=[[United States Department of Defense]] | accessdate=5 May 2008 |format=PDF}}</ref> In response, on 1 October 2004, the Department of Defense released 63 pages o unclassifeed documents relatit tae his Combatant Status Review Tribunal. On 20 September 2004 his "enemy combatant" status wis confirmit bi [[Tribunal panel 6]]. ==2005 on: release an post-release== On 11 Januar, the day afore his chairges wur scheduled tae be laid, [[Dana Priest]] at the [[Washington Post]] publisht a front-page story givin Habib's side o the story, an detailin his rendition an tortur. Later that day, the American govrenment annooncit thay wad no be chairgin Habib efter aw, an wad gree tae release him tae Australie.<ref name="mayer"/> Australian [[Attorney-General]] [[Phillip Ruddock]] annooncit that Habib wad be repatriatit athin days. A special plane wis chairtered bi the Australie govrenment (for approximately $500,000) tae flee Habib hame acause the US wad no allou him tae traivel on an ordinar commercial flicht.<ref name=Smh050121>[http://www.smh.com.au/news/National/US-wants-Habib-shackled-on-flight-papers/2005/01/21/1106110906903.html US wants Habib shackled on flight], ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'', 21 January 2005</ref> Habib wis released bi the US Militar an returned tae Australie on 28 Januar 2005. Wi Habib back hame, Australie offeecials hae revokit his passport, say he remains unner suspicion, an warn his activities will be constantly monitored tae ensur he daes no acome a security threat. He haes no been chairgit an remains relatively free. His records frae Guantanamo Bay indicate that he wis considered a relatively heich risk: http://resources.news.com.au/files/2011/04/25/1226044/528311-mamdouh-habib-file.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319172920/http://resources.news.com.au/files/2011/04/25/1226044/528311-mamdouh-habib-file.pdf |date=2012-03-19 }} The Australie govrenment wants tae prevent Habib bein peyed bi the media for interviews or "makkin profits frae committin a creeme" an aw even tho he haes no been convictit o ony creeme bi ony kintra (it is important tae note whilst anti-terrorism laws in Australie currently mak it illegal tae be involvit in terrorist organisations, Habib wis awready in custody when thir laws wur introducit an sae he canna be convictit unner them). The then Australie Prime Meenister, [[John Howard]], ruled oot ony apologie tae Habib. Habib tauld his faimily iverything that haed happened syne he left Sydney in Julie 2001. Juist in case something baed happens tae him, he said, "A want them tae ken fully iverything". On 22 August 2005 Habib wis allegitly attackit bi three men wi a knife while walkin wi his wife near his hame in Guildford.<ref name=Smh050824>[http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/men-trailed-and-knifed-me--habib/2005/08/23/1124562863772.html Men trailed and knifed me - Habib], ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'', 24 August 2005</ref> He tauld polis that he wis follaeed bi a caur that cut its heidlichts as he an his wife, Maha, went for a walk juist efter midnicht, an that as the men ran awa the body hauldin the knife haed yelled "something like 'this shoud keep you quiet"'. On 29 Mairch 2006, Habib an his son Moustafa said that thay witnessed the eftermath o a dooble murther in the [[Sydney]] suburb o [[Granville, New Sooth Wales|Granville]]. When thay reportit the murder tae police, Habib alleges thay wur abuisit, assaultit an interrogatit bi polis officers. On 3 Aprile, he annooncit he intendit tae sue [[New South Wales Police]] for false impreesonment an assault.<ref name=Age030406>[http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/habib-to-sue-nsw-police/2006/04/03/1143916459272.html Habib to sue NSW police], ''[[The Age]]'', 3 April 2006</ref> On 11 Juin 2007 the Australian Broadcasting Commission's (ABC) investigative journalism program ''Four Corners'' aired a documentar on extraordinar renditions, hintle o which focussed on Habib's case.<ref name=FourCorners> {{Cite news | url=http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/content/2007/s1945119.htm | title=Four Corners: Ghost Prisoners | publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | date=11 June 2007 | accessdate=1 September 2007 }}</ref> On 7 Mairch 2008 Habib lost his defamation case against Nationwide News, publisher o The Daily Telegraph. Juistice Peter McClellan foond Habib wis "prone tae exaggerate", "evasive" an haed made claims aboot mistreatment in Pakistan an Egyp which coud no be sustained. He foond that "Habib's claims that he wis seriously mistreatit in the place o detention in Islamabad canna be acceptit" an "that this evidence wis given in order tae enhance his forensic position in the present litigation." His records frae Guantanamo Bay indicate that he wis frequently deceptive an aw. http://resources.news.com.au/files/2011/04/25/1226044/528311-mamdouh-habib-file.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319172920/http://resources.news.com.au/files/2011/04/25/1226044/528311-mamdouh-habib-file.pdf |date=2012-03-19 }} Habib will appear in a ten minute play ''Waiting For Mamdouh'', in which he will deliver monologues aboot his time in detention, at the ''Short+Sweet'' theatrical festival in Sydney in Februar 2010.<ref>Break a leg, Mamdouh Habib, ''The Daily Telegraph'', 11 December 2009</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.shortandsweet.org/shortsweet-theatre/sydney/top-100-nida-parade-playhouse |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-01-22 |archive-date=2010-01-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127181001/http://www.shortandsweet.org/shortsweet-theatre/sydney/top-100-nida-parade-playhouse |url-status=dead }}</ref> In Dizember 2010, Habib reached an oot-o-court dounset wi the Australie govrenment. He receivit a secret sum in exchynge for absolvin the govrenment o liability in his tortur case. Habib nou plans tae uise the money tae begin an internaitional lawsuit against the Egyptian an Unitit States governments. Habib says he haes fresh evidence includin film fuitage.<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/world/habib-to-sue-us-and-egypt-over-torture-case-20110108-19j93.html Habib to sue US and Egypt over torture case: SMH 9 January 2011]</ref> His documents frae Guantanamo Bay wur released bi Wikileaks in Aprile 2011. <ref [http://resources.news.com.au/files/2011/04/25/1226044/528311-mamdouh-habib-file.pdf]</ref> In Mey 2011, Habib haes been grantit an Australie passport an [[Australian Security Intelligence Organisation|ASIO]] confirmit it nae langer considers him a security risk.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-national/habib-no-longer-a-threat-asio-20110527-1f7zw.html | work=The Sydney Morning Herald | date=27 May 2011}}</ref> ==Entrance intae Australie politics== In the Mairch 2007 [[:en:New South Wales state election, 2007|New South Wales state election]], Habib stuid as an unthirlt candidate in the safe Labor seat o [[:en:Electoral district of Auburn|Auburn]] in Sydney. He receivit less nor 5% o the vote<ref name=ElectionResult20070305>{{Cite web | url=http://vtr.elections.nsw.gov.au/lasummary.Auburn.aspx | title=State Electoral District of AUBURN: Summary of First Preference Votes Polled for Each Candidate | publisher=[[New South Wales Electoral Commission]] | date=5 March 2007 | accessdate=1 September 2007 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070830054640/http://vtr.elections.nsw.gov.au/lasummary.Auburn.aspx | archivedate=2007-08-30 | url-status=live }}</ref> an the seat wis comfortably retained bi the [[Australie Labor Pairty]]. He campaigned for the remuival o the Federal Govrenment's [[:en:Australian Anti-Terrorism Act 2005|anti-terror laws]], statin "The terror laws are if you have terrorists, but we don't have terrorists".<ref name=DT030207>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070402171838/http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,21159240-5007132,00.html Littering's a nasty Habib], ''[[The Daily Telegraph (Australia)]]'', 3 February 2007</ref> He is linkit tae the [[:en:Socialist Alternative (Australia)|Socialist Alternative]], an haes made speeches at Socialist Alternative events tae promote his beuk an raise awareness o the anti-terror laws in Australie. ==Faimily members== Habib haes fower childer, includin twin sons Ahmed Mandouh Habib an Islam Hassam. [[Bob Brown]] invitit Ahmed Habib tae pairlament tae attend [[George W. Bush]] 24 October 2003 speech tae pairlament. Ahmed wis escortit frae pairlament efter cawin oot "What about my father's rights?"<ref name=Smh031023>[http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/10/23/1066631572994.html?from=storyrhs Son shown door after asking about Habib], ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'', 23 October 2003</ref> ==See an aw== * [[:en:List of Australians imprisoned or executed abroad|Leet o Australies in internaitional preesons]] * [[David Hicks]] * [[Tortur]] ==References== <div class="references-small"> {{Reflist|2}} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/04/15/3192845.htm Habib sues Egyptian VP over alleged torture] Apryle 15, 2011 * [http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-national/mamdouh-habib-wins-defamation-case-20100316-qawx.html Habib wins defamation case] 16 Mairch 2010 * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8535960.stm Ex-Guantanamo detainee Mamdouh Habib to sue Australia] [[BBC]] 25 Februar 2010 * [http://www.shortandsweet.org/shortsweet-theatre/sydney/top-100-nida-parade-playhouse Link to Mamdouh's one man play about his experiences in Guantanamo Bay being presented at Short+Sweet Sydney 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127181001/http://www.shortandsweet.org/shortsweet-theatre/sydney/top-100-nida-parade-playhouse |date=2010-01-27 }} * [http://prisonerswithouttrials.net/cases/Folder.2004-04-17.5039429079#documentContent Prisoners without Trials - news and analysis of the Habib case] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060222145857/http://prisonerswithouttrials.net/cases/Folder.2004-04-17.5039429079/#documentContent |date=2006-02-22 }} * [http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-habib13jan13,1,3477159.story?coll=la-headlines-world&ctrack=2&cset=true LA Times] Comprehensive article. * [http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/content/2004/s1155171.htm ABC "4 Corners" documentary "Worst of the Worst"] &ndash; Aired 19 Julie 2004 &ndash; includes link tae transcript. This fills in some background tae Habib, suggestin that he wis "a man on the edge". * [http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/10/07/1097089497937.html Habib trained terrorists: US], ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'', 7 October 2004 * [http://www.smh.com.au/news/National/Prostitute-used-in-Habib-torture-lawyer/2005/01/26/1106415668003.html Prostitute used in Habib torture &ndash; lawyer], ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'' 27 Januar 2005 * [http://wsws.org/articles/2009/mar2009/habi-m25.shtml Rudd Govt. tries to block Guantanamo torture case] * [http://www.cageprisoners.com/prisoners.php?pri_id=9 cageprisoners.com entry for Mamdouh Habib] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041107164313/http://www.cageprisoners.com/prisoners.php?pri_id=9 |date=2004-11-07 }} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4214747.stm Profile: Mamdouh Habib], ''[[BBC]]'',_January_28, 2005 * [http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2005/s1291441.htm Mamdouh Habib reunites with family &ndash; a transcript], ''[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]'', 28 Januar 2005 * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn3523397 Maha and Mamdouh Habib with their two daughters, May 2005] / John Immig * {{Cite news | url=http://news.theage.com.au/national/secret-defence-delays-habib-case-20081009-4xgh.html | title='Secret defence' delays Habib case | publisher=[[The Age]] | date=9 October 2008 | accessdate=28 September 2008 | quote= | location=Melbourne | first=Amy | last=Coopes }} Wikileaks release of Guantanamo Documents http://resources.news.com.au/files/2011/04/25/1226044/528311-mamdouh-habib-file.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319172920/http://resources.news.com.au/files/2011/04/25/1226044/528311-mamdouh-habib-file.pdf |date=2012-03-19 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20081009220148/http://news.theage.com.au/national/secret-defence-delays-habib-case-20081009-4xgh.html mirror] {{DEFAULTSORT:Habib, Mamdouh}} [[Category:1956 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Australie extrajudicial preesoners o the Unitit States]] [[Category:Australie Muslims]] [[Category:Australie tortur victims]] [[Category:Egyptian expatriates in Pakistan]] [[Category:Egyptian extrajudicial preesoners o the Unitit States]] [[Category:Egyptian emigrants tae Australie]] [[Category:Egyptian Muslims]] [[Category:Egyptian tortur victims]] [[Category:Guantanamo detainees kent tae hae been released]] [[Category:Naturalisit ceetizens o Australie]] [[Category:Fowk frae Alexandria]] [[Category:Fowk subject tae extraordinar rendition bi the Unitit States]] 0otnod3ndbf0ok5lji1z0onvnrksjia 0 44885 918494 913882 2026-06-20T11:05:59Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Refimprove|date=December 2015}} {{Infobox Russian city |en_name=Tyumen |ru_name=Тюмень |image_skyline=Крестовоздвиженская церковь (Тюмень)-2.jpg |image_caption=A view of central Tyumen |coordinates = {{coord|57|09|N|65|32|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=right |image_coa=Wapen Tjoemen.png |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Tyumen (Tyumen oblast) (2005).png |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday=Last Sunday o Julie |holiday_ref=<ref name="Charter">{{cite web|url=http://www.tyumen-city.ru/win/download/2791/|title=Charter of Tyumen (city proper) January&nbsp;1, 2010. The Tyumen City Administration|accessdate=2010-05-11}}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |federal_subject=[[Tyumen Oblast]] |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref446" /> |adm_data_as_of=November 2011 |adm_city_jur=[[Ceety o federal subject significance|Ceety]] o Tyumen |adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref446" /> |adm_ctr_of1=Tyumen Oblast |adm_ctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Geography" /> |adm_ctr_of2=[[Tyumensky Destrict]] |adm_ctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref446" /> |adm_ctr_of3=Ceety o Tyumen |adm_ctr_of3_ref=<ref name="Ref446" /> |inhabloc_cat=Ceety |inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref446" /> |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |mun_data_as_of=Dizember 2011 |urban_okrug_jur=Tyumen Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref447" /> |mun_admctr_of1=Tyumen Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Ref447" /> |mun_admctr_of2=Tyumensky Municipal Destrict |mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref447" /> |leader_title=Heid o Admeenistration |leader_title_ref=<ref name="Leader" /> |leader_name=Alexander Moor |leader_name_ref=<ref name="Leader">{{cite web|url=http://www.tyumen-city.ru/vlast/glava/|title=Head of Tyumen (city proper)January 1, 2010. The Tyumen City Administration|accessdate=2010-05-11|archive-date=2010-04-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420101910/http://www.tyumen-city.ru/vlast/glava|url-status=dead}}</ref> |representative_body= |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2=235 |area_km2_ref=<ref name="Geography" /> |pop_2010census=581907 |pop_2010census_rank=25t |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=29 Julie 1586 |established_title= |established_date_ref=<ref name="Charter" /> |current_cat_date= |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1= |prev_name1_date= |prev_name1_ref= |postal_codes=625000-625063 |postal_codes_ref=<ref name="PostCodes">{{cite web|url=http://www.tmnpost.ru/?mod=look&stage=6|title=Tyumen postal codes (Russian Post) January&nbsp;1, 2010. The official site of the Tyumen Post Office|accessdate=2010-05-11|archive-date=2012-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320152958/http://www.tmnpost.ru/?mod=look&stage=6|url-status=dead}}</ref> |dialing_codes=3452 |dialing_codes_ref=<ref name="DialCode">{{cite web|url=http://www.tyumen-city.ru/vlast/iss/|title=Population of Tyumen (city proper)1&nbsp;Janyary 2010. The City Government of Tyumen|accessdate=2010-05-11|archive-date=2009-07-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090726190435/http://www.tyumen-city.ru/vlast/iss|url-status=dead}}</ref> |website=http://www.tyumen-city.ru/ |website_ref= |commonscat=Tyumen |date=May 2010 }} '''Tyumen''' ({{lang-rus|Тюмень|p=tʲʉˈmʲenʲ|a=Ru-Tyumen.ogg}}) is the maistmuckel city an the [[administrative centre]] o [[Tyumen Oblast]], [[Roushie]], locatit on the [[Tura River]] {{convert|1700|km|sp=us}} east o [[Moscow]]. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=581,907|p2002=510,719|p1989=476,869}} Tyumen wis the first Roushie dounset in [[Siberie]]. Foondit in 1586 tae support Roushie's eastwaird expansion, the city haes remained ane o the maist important industrial an economic centres east o the [[Ural Muntains]]. Locatit at the junction o several important tred routes an wi easy access tae navigable waterweys, Tyumen rapidly developit frae a sma militar dounset tae a muckel commercial an industrial city. The central pairt o Auld Tyumen retains mony historic biggins frae ootthrou the city's history. The day Tyumen is ane o Roushie's maist important business centres an is prominent in the political an cultural life o Roushie. Tyumen is the [[transport hub]] an industrial centre o Tyumen Oblast—a vast ile-rich region raxin frae the [[Kazakhstan|Kazakh]] border tae the [[Airctic Ocean]]—as weel as the hame o mony companies active in Roushie's ile an gas industrie. ==Geografie== [[File:Tyumen flood-lands of Tura river.jpg|thumb|View tae fluid-launds upstream Tyumen frae the richt bank (simmer 2007)]] Tyumen covers an area o {{convert|235|km2|sp=us}}.<ref name="Geography">{{cite web|url=http://www.tyumen-city.ru/gorodtumeny/geografiigoroda/|title=Geography of Tyumen (city proper), January 1, 2010. The City Government of Tyumen|accessdate=2010-05-11|archive-date=2010-06-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100627005419/http://www.tyumen-city.ru/gorodtumeny/geografiigoroda/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Its primary geographical featur is the [[Tura River]], that raxes the city frae northwast tae sootheast. The river is navigable dounstream o the city. The left baunk o the Tura is a [[floodplain]] surroondit bi gently rollin hills. The Tura is a shallae river wi extensive mairsklands. The river [[fluid (naitural disaster)|fluid]]s durin the [[snaw melt]]in saison in the Ware. The Ware fluid uisually peaks in the seicont hauf o Mey,<ref>[http://ural.rian.ru/society/20060222/512256.html В Тюмени готовятся к паводку (Tyumen is preparing for the spring flood)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615192810/http://ural.rian.ru/society/20060222/512256.html |date=2009-06-15 }}</ref> whan the river becomes 8-10 times wider than durin the late-simmer law watter saison. The ceety is protectit frae floodin bi a dike which can athstaund floods up tae 8 meters heich.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.regtime.ru/owa/rt/rt_lenta.html?a_id=14563&r_id=5072 |title= Тюмени паводок не страшен (Flooding is no threat to Tyumen) |access-date= 2013-01-23 |archive-date= 2012-09-08 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20120908140309/http://www.regtime.ru/owa/rt/rt_lenta.html?a_id=14563&r_id=5072 |url-status= dead }}</ref> The heichest iver fluid watter level in Tyumen wis {{convert|9.15|m|2|abbr=on}}, recordit in 1979. Mair recently, in 2007, a watter level o 7.76 wis recordit.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.regnum.ru/news/988879.html | title=Уровень воды в р. Тура не превышает паводкового значения (Тюмень) (Water level in the Tura River does not exceed the [normal] spring-flood mark)|quote=... максимальный уровень паводковых вод в Тюмени составил 9,15 м в 1979 г., а в 2007 г. он составлял 7,76 м.}}</ref> In the Ware 2005, a fluid heicher than the creetical {{convert|8|m|2|abbr=on}} merk wis expectit,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tyumen.rfn.ru/rnews.html?id=19883|title=Уровень воды в реке Тобол уже начал подниматься (Water level in the Tobol River has started to rise|date=March 25, 2005|quote=Ожидается, что уровень воды в Туре превысит критический и достигнет восьми метров. (The water level in the Tura is expected to exceed the critical level and to reach 8 meters)|access-date=2013-01-23|archive-date=2013-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514083427/http://tyumen.rfn.ru/rnews.html?id=19883|url-status=dead}}</ref> but did no appear.<!--since a later article does not mention it, after all--> ==History== [[File:Tyumen Memorial Stone.JPG|thumb|Toun foondation sign]] The Tyumen aurie, oreeginally pairt o the [[Khanate o Siber]], wis annexed tae Roushie bi the [[Cossacks|Cossack]] [[ataman]] [[Yermak Timofeyevich]] in 1585. On 29 Julie 1586,<ref name="Charter" /> Tsar [[Feodor I o Roushie|Feodor I]] ordered twa regional commanders, Vasily Borisov-Sukin an Ivan Myasnoy, tae big a fortress on the steid o the umwhile [[Tatars|Tatar]] toun o [[Chingi-Tura]] ('ceety o [[Genghis Khan|Chingis]]'), kent as Tyumen an aw, frae the Turkis an Mongol wird for 'ten thoosan.'<ref>E.M. Pospelov, ''Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira'' (Moscow: Russkie slovari, 1998), p. 427.</ref> Tyumen wis foondit on the "Tyumen Portage" on the historical tred route atween Central Asie an the Volga region. Control o the portage haed been continuously contestit bi various Sooth Siberie nomads in the precedin centuries. As a result, early Roushie settlers wur aften attackit bi Tatar an [[Kalmyk fowk|Kalmyk]] raiders. Thir attacks caused Tyumen's population tae be dominatit bi the [[Streltsy]] an Cossack garrisons stationed in the toun till the mid-17t century. As the aurie became less restive, the toun began tae tak on a less militar character. At the beginnin o the 18t century, Tyumen haed developit intae an important centre o tred atween Siberie an Cheenae in the east an Central Roushie in the wast. Tyumen haed acome an important industrial centre an aw, ken for leather guids makers, blacksmiths, an ither craftsmen. In 1763, 7,000 fowk wur recordit as livin in the toun. In the 19t century the toun's development continued. In 1836, the first [[steam boat]] in Siberie wis biggit in Tyumen. In 1862, the [[telegraph]] came tae the toun, an in 1864 the first watter mains wur laid. Further prosperity came tae Tyumen efter the construction, in 1885, o the [[Trans-Siberie Railwey]]. For some years, Tyumen wis Roushie's eastmaist railheid, an the steid o transhipment o cargoes atween the railwey an the cargo boats plyin the [[Tyumen River|Tyumen]], [[Tobol River|Tobol]], [[Irtysh River|Irtysh]], an [[Ob River]]s. Bi the end o the 19t century, Tyumen's population exceedit 30,000, surpassin that o its northren rival [[Tobolsk]], an beginnin a process whaurbi Tyumen gradually eclipsed the umwhile regional caipital. The growthe o Tyumen culminatit on 14 August 1944 when the ceety feenally became the admeenistrative centre o extensive [[Tyumen Oblast]]. [[File:Tyumen Monument WWII to Perished School Graduates.jpg|thumb|right|Monument tae Perisht Graduates o Tyumen Schuils]] At the ootbreak o the [[Roushie Ceevil War]], Tyumen wis controlled bi forces lyal tae Admiral [[Alexander Kolchak]] an his Siberie [[White muivement|White Airmy]]. Housomever, the ceety fell tae the [[Red Airmy]] on 5 Januar 1918. Durin the 1930s, Tyumen became a major industrial centre o the [[Soviet Union]]. Bi the onset o [[Warld War II]], the ceety haed several well-establisht industries, includin shipbiggin, furnitur manufactur, an the manufactur o fur an leather guids. Warld War II saw rapid growthe an development in the ceety. In the winter o 1941, twinty-twa major industrial enterprises wur evacuatit tae Tyumen frae the European pairt o the Soviet Union.<ref>http://www.tyumen-city.ru/gorodtumeny/istoriigoroda/pg1/106/| {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416015923/http://www.tyumen-city.ru/gorodtumeny/istoriigoroda/pg1/106/%7C |date=2016-04-16 }} Official Site Of Tyumen City History of the Town Section</ref> Thir enterprises wur put intae operation the follaein ware. Addeetionally, war-time Tyumen became a "hospital ceety", whaur thoosans o woondit sodgers wur treatit. Durin the initial stages o Warld War II, when thare wis a possibility that Moscow wad faw tae the advancin German Airmy, Tyumen became a refuge for the body o the deceased Soviet leader [[Vladimir Lenin]] an aw. Lenin's body wis secretly muivit frae Lenin's [[Lenin's Tomb|mausoleum]] in Moscow tae a hidden tomb locatit in wha is nou the Tyumen State Agricultur Academy.<ref>http://www.tsaa.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=frontpage&Itemid=28| {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518133944/http://www.tsaa.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=frontpage&Itemid=28%7C |date=2013-05-18 }} Official Site of the Tyumen State Agriculture Academy</ref> (umwhile Tyumen Agriculture Institute). Atween 1941 an 1945, mair nor 20,000 Tyumen natives saw action at the front. Amaist a third, aboot 6,000, perisht in action (the exact nummer is uncertain as offeecial data includes nan-native sodgers who dee'd in Tyumen's hospitals). Efter the discovery o rich ile an [[natural gas|gas]] fields in Tyumen Oblast in the 1960s, Tyumen became the focus o the Soviet [[ile industrie]]. The activities o the ile industrie caused a seicont economic an population boom in Tyumen. While maist o the ile an gas fields wur hunders o kilometres tae the north o the ceety, near the touns o [[Surgut]] an [[Nizhnevartovsk]], Tyumen wis the nearest railwey junction as well as the oblast admeenistrative centre. Thir advantages made Tyumen the natural steid for numerous ile relatit enterprises which contributit tae the ceety's development atween 1963 an 1985. Thir years saw the arrival in Tyumen o tens o thoosans o skilled wirkers frae athort the Soviet Union. [[File:Monaĥejo de Sankta Triunuo (Tjumeno) 2008-06.jpg|thumb|Auld Tyumen in simmer 2008]] The rapid growthe o the ceety brocht a host o problems an aw, as the growin population quickly ootstrippit Tyumen's limitit social infrastructur. As well, the lack o ceety plannin haes resultit in uneven development which Tyumen haes continued tae struggle wi intae the present. ==Admeenistrative an municipal status== Tyumen is the [[admeenistrative centre]] o the [[oblast]] an, athin the [[subdiveesions o Roushie#Admeenistrative diveesions|framewirk o admeenistrative diveesions]], it serves as the admeenistrative centre o [[Tyumensky Destrict]] an aw, even tho it is no a pairt o it.<ref name="Ref446">Law #53</ref> As an admeenistrative diveesion, it is, thegither wi nineteen [[teeps o inhabitit localities in Roushie|landwart localities]], incorporatit separately as the '''[[Ceety o federal subject significance|Ceety]] o Tyumen'''—an admeenistrative unit wi the status equal tae that o the [[admeenistrative diveesions o Tyumen Oblast|destricts]].<ref name="Ref446" /> As a [[subdiveesions o Roushie#Municipal diveesions|municipal diveesion]], the Ceety o Tyumen is incorporatit as '''Tyumen Urban Okrug'''.<ref name="Ref447">Law #263</ref> ===Ceety diveesions=== [[File:Tyumen UpravaLeninskiyDistrict.JPG|thumb|Leninsky Okrug Admeenistration biggin]] Tyumen is dividit intae fower admeenistrative okrugs: *[[Kalininsky Admeenistrative Okrug|Kalininsky]] *[[Leninsky Admeenistrative Okrug, Tyumen|Leninsky]] *[[Tsentralny Admeenistrative Okrug, Tyumen|Tsentralny]] *[[Vostochny Admeenistrative Okrug, Tyumen|Vostochny]] ==Govrenment== ===Ceety govrenment=== [[File:Tyumen Title Regional Council.jpg|thumb|Ceety Duma biggin]] The legislative authority o Tyumen is the Ceety [[Duma]]. In addition tae legislative activities, the Ceety Duma appoints the Heid o the Tyumen Ceety Admeenistration, who is the chief executive officer o the ceety. ===Oblast govrenment=== Syne Tyumen is the admeenistrative centre o the oblast, aw the govrenin bodies o the oblast are locatit in the ceety. Thay include: *[http://www.duma72.ru/ Electit Legislative Assembly (Duma) o Tyumen Oblast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615002623/http://www.duma72.ru/ |date=2006-06-15 }} is the legislatur o Tyumen Oblast. The Duma confirms the appointment o the Govrenor o Tyumen Oblast, who is nominatit bi the [[Preses o Roushie]] *[http://www.admtyumen.ru/ Office o the Govrenor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513032339/https://admtyumen.ru/ |date=2019-05-13 }} - Heid o the executive authority o Tyumen Oblast *[http://www.admtyumen.ru/ Govrenment o Tyumen Oblast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513032339/https://admtyumen.ru/ |date=2019-05-13 }} - Executive authority o Tyumen Oblast *[http://tumen.arbitr.ru/ Arbitration Tribunal o Tyumen Oblast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117171445/http://tumen.arbitr.ru/ |date=2013-01-17 }} - Judiciary ==Climate== Tyumen haes a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfb'') wi wairm, somewha humid simmers an lang, cauld winters. The wather in toun is vera chyngeable, an the temperatur in toun is ayes heicher than in the surroondin aurie bi a few degrees. The toun aurie attracts mair precipitation an aw. The average temperatur in Januar is {{convert|-16.7|C}}, wi a record law o {{convert|-50|C}} (Februar 1951). The average temperatur in Julie is {{convert|+18.6|C}}, wi a record heich o {{convert|+38|C}}. The average annual precipitation is {{convert|457|mm|sp=us}}. The wettest year on record wis 1943, wi {{convert|581|mm|sp=us}}, an the driest wis 1917, wi anerlie {{convert|231|mm|sp=us}}.<ref>http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/bse|Great{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Soviet Encyclopedia</ref> {{Weather box |location=Tyumen |metric first=yes |single line=yes |Jan high C=-12.4 |Feb high C=-9.4 |Mar high C=-0.5 |Apr high C=9.2 |May high C=16.6 |Jun high C=22.2 |Jul high C=24.1 |Aug high C=20.7 |Sep high C=14.9 |Oct high C=5.4 |Nov high C=-3.3 |Dec high C=-9.4 |Jan low C=-21.7 |Feb low C=-20.0 |Mar low C=-11.4 |Apr low C = -1.3 |May low C = 4.4 |Jun low C = 10.3 |Jul low C = 13.3 |Aug low C = 10.4 |Sep low C = 5.1 |Oct low C = -2.2 |Nov low C = -10.7 |Dec low C = -17.6 |Jan precipitation mm = 24 |Feb precipitation mm = 17 |Mar precipitation mm = 15 |Apr precipitation mm = 27 |May precipitation mm = 39 |Jun precipitation mm = 62 |Jul precipitation mm = 85 |Aug precipitation mm = 58 |Sep precipitation mm = 49 |Oct precipitation mm = 39 |Nov precipitation mm = 32 |Dec precipitation mm = 24 |year precipitation mm = 457 |source 1 = worldweather.org |date=August 2010 }} ==Demografics== Tyumen's population grew steadily frae the 16t century throu the 19t century. Housomeivver, when the Trans-Siberie Railwey came throu at the end o the 19t century, the toun's rate o population growthe wis greatly boostit. Tyumen rapidly became the lairgest toun in the region, wi approx. 30,000 indwallers bi the beginnin o the 20t century. Tyumen again experiencit rapid population growthe wi the comin o Warld War II. The evacuation o wirkers frae factories in central Roushie in 1941 mair nor doubled Tyumen's population tae 150,000. In the 1960s, the discovery o the rich ile an gas fields in Wastren Siberie caused the ceety's population, which haed no been forecast tae exceed 250,000 indwallers that decade, tae swell tae amaist hauf a million. Efter the growthe o the 1960s, a period o population stability lastit till 1988, whain economic depression hit the Soviet Union. The ceety's population in 1989 wis 476,869, accordin tae the census o that year. Housomeivver, athin five or sax years Tyumen wis again a major economic centre wi a risin population. Bi 2002, Tyumen's population haed risen tae 510,719. Further population growthe (mainly due tae migration an the incorporation o surroondin dounsets) meant that bi 2008 regional govrenment statistics put Tyumen's population at 588,600 indwallers. ===Ethnic groups=== While the population o Tyumen includes fowk frae ower a hunder different ethnicities, maist belang tae ane o the follaein ethnicities: *[[Roushies]] *[[Ukrainians]] *[[Tatars]] ===Releegion=== [[File:Trinity Monastery in Tiumen (Prokudin-Gorskii).png|thumb|The mid-18t century Trinity Monastery in Tyumen, as photographed ca. 1912 bi [[Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky]]]] [[File:Tyumen Monastery Fall 2008.jpg|thumb|The mid-18t century Trinity Monastery in Tyumen (faw 2008)]] As o 2009, thare are ower ten operational Orthodox temples (baith newly biggit an historical), twa mosques (baith newly biggit), ane synagogue, an ane Roman Catholic kirk in Tyumen. ====Orthodox Christianity==== While the state releegion o the Roushie Empire wis [[Orthodoxy]], this releegion historically prevailed in Tyumen. In 1616, Trinity Monastery wis establisht in Tyumen bi Nifont o Kazan. In 1709-1711, this monastery wis rebuilt in stane bi the order o Filofey Leshchinsky, the first Metropolitan o Siberie. In 1761, the Tyumen Releegious Schuil wis establisht. Oweraw, frae 1708 tae 1885, twal stane Orthodox temples o different size, an twa monasteries wur constructit in Tyumen. Durin Soviet times, twa o the temples wur completely destroyed, but the rest remained. As o 2008, maist o thaim are accessible an returned tae operational state.<ref>http://www.temples.ru/tree.php?ID=2757</ref> At the stairt o 2009, ane o the destroyed temples is bein restored tae dooble size at a new location, an anither is unner discussion. Some operational temples are unner restoration an aw. Tyumen Releegious Schuil wis reopened in 1997. ====Ither releegions==== Despite [[Orthodoxy]] predominance, in the past [[Catholic]] kirks an [[temples]] o [[Islam]] an [[Judaism]] wur biggit an aw. Housomeivver, anerlie ane Catholic kirk remains preservit. The Tyumen [[Mosque]] wis completely destroyed, but the mosque's reconstruction on the same steid caused controversy. The Tyumen synagogue collapsed in 2000, but wis reconstructit on the same steid. At the stairt o the 20t century, thare wis a strang [[Auld Believers]] commonty in Tyumen. Aw o the aforementioned releegions operate cultural centres in Tyumen. Thare are several ither releegious bodies wi a few adherents in Tyumen an aw. ;Interestin facts Tyumen Trinity Monastery wis biggit wi special permission o [[Peter the Great]]. At the time, the construction o stane biggins ootside [[Saunt Petersburg]] wis prohibitit. Kirk o Savior Uncreatit wis visitit bi [[Croun prince]] Alexandr (later [[Alexander II o Roushie|Alexander&nbsp;II]]) durin his Siberie tour. ==Economy== Tyumen is an important service centre for the gas an ile industries in Roushie. Due tae its advantageous location at the crossin o the motor, rail, watter an air wey an its moderate climate, Tyumen wis an ideal base toun for servicin the ile an gas industrie o wastren Siberie. As a result, Tyumen is the day the centre o industrie, science, cultur, eddication an medicine. Mony warld level ile an gas companies sic as [[Gazprom]], [[LUKoil]] an [[Gazpromneft]], [[TNK-BP]], [[Royal Dutch Shell|Shell]] [http://www.spdnv.ru/index.php?s=2 (Salym Petroleum Development N.V.)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616061429/http://www.spdnv.ru/index.php?s=2 |date=2009-06-16 }} hae thair representative offices in Tyumen. Thare are numerous, factories, ingineerin companies, ile industrie service companies ([[KCA DEUTAG]] an [[Schlumberger]]), design institutes shipyard an ither ile servicin companies locatit in Tyumen. Tyumen is ane o the Roushie ceeties an touns which hae its awn Technopairk. [[UTair Aviation|UTair]] is based in Tyumen an aw. The ceety haes a quite guid selection o recreational activities o aw kynds for ony ages. Tyumen is a destination for a fair nummer o tourists, in pairticular frae Germany. Thare are three varsities an several tens o colleges in Tyumen. Is is ane o the Medical Centres o the Roushie Federation sae its population can receive maist o heich tech medical services locally athoot need tae go tae Moscow or elsewhaur. ===Transportation=== ====Railwey==== [[File:Tyumen RailwayStation 01.jpg|thumb|Tyumen Railwey Station Tracks 2008]] [[File:Tyumen RailwayStation Terminal 2008.jpg|thumb|Tyumen Railwey Station Terminal 2008]] Tyumen railwey station wis biggit in 1885. Currently Station Admeenistratively belangs tae the Tyumen Diveesion o Sverdlovskaya Rail Road. Station is locatit in the vera centre o the Tyumen ceety in 15 minutes walk sooth frae the ceety haw. Station services suburban, interceety an internaitional passenger traffeck. At the regional level the station services three directions tae [[Yekaterinburg]], tae [[Omsk]] an tae [[Tobolsk]]. Railroad tae Yekaterinburg electrifee'd syne 1980. Direct internaitional passenger directions ([[Trans-Siberie Railwey]]): [[Poland]], [[Germany]], [[Cheenae]], [[Mongolie]]. Addeetional stations athin ceety territory: Tyumen North, Tyumen yard, Voynovka yard. ====Public transportation==== [[File:Bus stop at Tyumen Central Market.jpg|thumb|Tyumen Central Market Bus Stap]] Public transportation in Tyumen is dominatit bi baith municipal bus services an bi numerous private operators ([[marshrutka]]s), which accoont for nearly a third o aw transport capacity. The ceety's bus fleet is in process o modrenisation an expansion, wi newly acquired Roushie buses replacin the severely agit Soviet models. Tyumen is a major hub for interceety bus service, centered on the bus-terminal, which wis constructit in 1972, an greatly expandit atween 2006 an 2008. ====Air transportation==== [[File:Roschino International Airport of Tyumen.JPG|thumb|[[Roschino Internaitional Airport]] o Tyumen]] Tyumen is servit bi the internaitional [[Roschino Airport]] locatit 13&nbsp;km wast o the ceety. In addeetion [[Plekhanovo Airport]] is in the aurie. The Roschino airport haes permits tae handle wi the follaein teeps o aircraft: [[Tupolev Tu-154|Tu-154]], [[Tupolev Tu-134|Tu-134]], [[Antonov An-12|An-12]], [[Antonov An-24|An-24]], [[Antonov An-26|An-26]], [[Yakovlev Yak-40|Yak-40]], [[Yakovlev Yak-40|Yak-42]], [[Ilyushin Il-18|IL-18]], [[Let L-410 Turbolet|L-410]], [[B-737]], [[Boeing 767#767-200ER|B-767]], [[B-757]], [[Ilyushin Il-86|IL-86]], [[Ilyushin Il-76|IL-76]], [[ATR 42|ATR-42]], [[ATR 72|ATR-72]], [[British Aerospace BAe 125|HS-125]]. The airport haes a permit tae handle aw teeps o helicopters. The airstrip is capable tae handle wi huge aircraft sic as [[Antonov An-22|An-22 Antaeus]]. ====Road==== Tyumen haes vera difficult road scheme. The toun is dividit bi [[Tura River]] Tyumneka River an [[Trans-Siberie Railroad]], creatin several isolatit zones. Seiven brigs, ane fuitbrig, five flyovers, an five fuit crossins connect thir zones. In addeetion, the Tyumen Road netwirk wis planned afore the faw o the Soviet Union an in its current state, it is capable tae operate normally anerlie in the scheme which includes public transportation anerlie. Compact plannin o ceety centre prevents expansion o main roads; congestion comin frae the ceety perephery muives slower an slower as it approaches the toun centre. Tae date, the road netwirk is congestit aboot 200% abuin capacity, which leads tae numerous traffeck jams an heich accident rates. <br /> Syne 2002, ceety an regional authorities hae unnertaken numerous initiatives tae impruive Tyumen road netwirk; due tae growthe o private automobile awnership, this aw haed anerlie a short term effect. Tae date, a complex transport infrastructur reconstruction project is bein directit bi Regional Admeenistration.<ref name="Road Plans 2008 ">{{Cite web |url=http://admtyumen.ru/economics/Transport/dorogi/more.htm?id=10439288@cmsArticle |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-01-23 |archive-date=2012-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225174020/http://admtyumen.ru/economics/Transport/dorogi/more.htm?id=10439288@cmsArticle |url-status=dead }}</ref> *The tot lenth o the ceety roads - 925&nbsp;km (Jan 2009).<ref name="Road length 2008 ">{{Cite web |url=http://www.tyumen-city.ru/sobitii/society/yr2008/mn3/am/2490/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-01-23 |archive-date=2011-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008031835/http://www.tyumen-city.ru/sobitii/society/yr2008/mn3/am/2490/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *The tot nummer o the caurs - 151,000 (Jan. 2008) {{Clear}} ==Ceetyscape== [[File:Tyumen Footbridge.JPG|thumb|Tyumen Footbridge, simmer 2008]] Historically, Tyumen occupeed a sma aurie on the heich bank o the [[Tura River]] aroond the foondation steid o the ceety. The ceety consistit o ane an twa story firthen biggins, surroondit bi a nummer o veelages. Wi time, the territory o the ceety wis developit an extendit bi includin the surroondin veelages. Present-day Tyumen haes a decentralisit feel. When viewed frae abuin, Tyumen appears tae be a collection o law-rise touns wi occasional clusters o taw biggins. Twa auries o the ceety, Yamalskaya Sloboda an Republic Street are notit for thair historic character. Thir auries are dominatit bi auld brick an firthen merchant hooses an biggins, wi the occasional intrusion o mid-century Soviet law-rise biggins. [[File:Tyumen Historic Center Yamskaya Sloboda.jpg|thumb|left|Yamskaya Sloboda]] '''Bukharskaya Sloboda''' - a Historic residential aurie on the law bank o the Tura river. This aurie is maistly made up o vera auld ane an twa story firthen biggins. The aurie is pairt o the Historical Centre on the ceety an haes a maistly Muslim population. '''Law bank Dormitories''' - this cluster o staundart 9 story biggins wis biggit on reclaimit laund east o Bukharskaya Sloboda - Zareka an Vatutina. [[File:Tyumen Town Center Near FSS.jpg|thumb|left|Center near FSS]] [[File:Tyumen Center 50Buildings.JPG|thumb|right|Center Republic St.]] '''Ceety Centre''' - the aurie at east o the Historical toun biggit atween 1948 an 1978 an is maistly 4 an 5 story biggins. Earlier biggins in this aurie hae individual designs, but the later builtins hae a rectangular style. This aurie contains maist o the poleetical an business activities o the toun. {{Clear}} [[File:Tyumen Panorama Alexanders Garten District.JPG|thumb|left|Alexander's Garten Destrict]] [[File:Tyumen Town Center Malyigina St01.jpg|thumb|Malyigina Street]] '''New Centre''' - the modren aurie amaist at the centre o the toun an is biggit ower demolisht firthen hooses an industrial auries. This aurie contains maistly taw biggins an is a mix o the dormitory auries an business centres. {{Clear}} [[File:Tyumen Panorama Oborona 2008.jpg|thumb|left|Oborona]] [[File:Tyumne Center Old Dormitories KPD.jpg|thumb|Melnikayte Street]] '''Auld Dormitories''' - this aurie featurs staundart 5 storey blocks o flats constructit in the 1960s an 1970s at the wast an east extremities o the ceety. Housomeivver, the day this aurie is actually in the toun center. While thare are amaist nae variety in the aurie's airchitectur, this aurie haes the maist greenery in the ceety an the best social infrastructur. {{Clear}} [[File:Tyumen Panorama South-West Dormitory Extermity.jpg|thumb|left|Sooth-East Extremity]] [[File:Tyumen Yuzhniy Micri District.jpg|thumb|right|Yuzhny [[Microdestrict]]]] '''New dormitories''' - this aurie featurs clusters o staundart taw biggins constructit efter year 1980 at the sooth an sooth-east edges o Tyumen. This aurie is considered tae be the warst place tae live in the ceety. The aurie is remote, badly planned, an haes vera poor social infrastructure. The best featur o this aurie is a better natural environment when compare tae ceety centre. {{Clear}} ==Airchitectur== Tyumen is too diverse tae be characterisit bi ony pairticular airchitectural style, an it generally haes nae oweraw style whasoiver. The toun wis biggit an nan-planned for decades an acause o that its airchitectur is an eclectic mix o biggins o different styles an eras. Tyumen's nickname is the Caipital o Veelages acause the maist o its the territory biggit up bi lummer hooses. But maist o the fowk who visitit Tyumen as well as a considerable pairt o its core dwallers mistakenly consider it is a modren heich-rise toun due o taw biggins concentratit alang aw toun airterial roads. Mony o firthen biggins locatit in historical pairt o the ceety haed cultural value: <gallery> File:Tyumen_Historic_Brick_Building_04.JPG| File:Lernejo N 30 (Tjumeno).jpg| File:Tyumen_Later_Soviet Buildings_01.JPG| File:Tyumne_Old_Style_Imitation_02.JPG| File:Tyumen_Moder_building_01.JPG </gallery> ==Society an cultur== ===Accent=== The phenomenon o Tyumen is accent absence. Durin aw its history Tyumen leid environment wis niver isolatit lang enough tae form ony kynd o accent. As a merchant toun Tyumen permanently kept in contact wi Roushie caipital territories an aye receivit mony fowk frae aw ower the kintra. This fact furthered the preservation o leeterar leid an tae the present day fowk in Tyumen speak Roushie completely the same as the fowk in [[Saunt Petersburg]] or in [[Tver]]. Vera few slang wirds are in uise an thir are uisually slang wirds in general uise throuoot Siberie. ===Leisur an entertainment=== [[File:Tyumen Title Theatre Night.jpg|thumb|Tyumen Theater o the Drama an the Comedy at Nicht]] [[File:Tyumen PuppetShow.jpg|thumb|Tyumen Puppet Shaw]] [[File:Tyumen Circus.jpg|thumb|Tyumen Circus]] Tyumen haes a range o entertainment possibilities for aw ages. Thare are mony cinemas includin twa wi heich cless stereo seestems, an clubs. Tyumen haes haed its awn Drama an Comedy Theatre syne 1858. Thare is a profeesional Puppet Shaw an the Angazhement Youth Theater. The Tyumen Muisic Hall is ane o the maist common venues for tours o Roushie an Warld cless Muisic Stars. The Tyumen Circus is the maist contemporary in Siberie an ane o the best in the whole o Roushie. Tyumen affers a great variety o cuisine in its numerous restaurants an bars. Thare are some annual events takkin place in the toun sic as the Student Spring Muisic shaw an Day o The Ceety Shaw. ===Leeteratur an film=== Tyumen haes no been the settin for ower mony wirks o leeteratur; housomeivver thare wur some poets an writers in the toun history. A writer closely associatit wi the ceety is the childer's writer [[Vladislav Krapivin]]. A famous Roushie writer Mikhail M. Prishvin spent his youth in Tyumen as well. Viktor L. Strogalschikov ane o the modren Roushie writers is livin in Tyumen an aw. A modren Roushie producer Konstantin V. Odegov wis born an studiet in Tyumen. Tyumen wis the location for a few episodes in Roushie films. ===Museums an airt galleries=== [[File:Tyumen Museums 01.jpg|thumb|Museum Hoose o Merchant Masharov]] Thare are numerous museums an airt galleries in Tyumen. The best kent are the Tyumen Museum o Local Lore an the Tyumen Fine Airt Gallery which wur mergit last year bi local govrenment decision. Some o the Tyumen Museums: *Tyumen Museum o Local Lore (Several exhibition haws) *Museum o Geology *Museum o the Fine Airts *Museum o Kolokolnikov estate (Several exhibition haws) *Hoose o Merchant Masharov *Medical History Museum *Museum o Tyumen Agricultural Academy (includes - local Lore exhibition, Museum o anatomy; Museum o soil science) ===Muisic=== [[File:Tyumen philharmonic.jpg|thumb|Tyumen philharmonic]] Muisic haes ayes attractit the attention o Tyumen's indwallers. The toun haes its awn philharmonic orchestra an the Tyumen muisic haw haes steady auditory. While performin Roushie tours Muisic Stars will veesit the Tyumen athoot fail. ===Sports=== [[File:Tyumen CentralSportComplex.jpg|thumb|Tyumen Central Sport Complex]] For mony years Tyumen wis the soorce for the Soviet an the Roushie sport reserve. Mony o the maist famous Soviet an Roushie sportsmen stairtit thair career in Tyumen youth sport includin Soviet cycle racin starns Sergey Uslamin, Yury Korotkikh, an Oleg Polovnikov. Thare are some [http://rbu-biathlon.ru/eng/biathlete/russia/tyumen-region.html Tyumen Biathlonists] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424222654/http://rbu-biathlon.ru/eng/biathlete/russia/tyumen-region.html |date=2009-04-24 }} in the current Roushie naitional team. The day Tyumen affers a nummer o sport activities for aw ages. Thare are numerous sport an fitness clubs aroond the toun. Tyumen haes a Naitional Level [[Soccer]] Team, [[Hockey]] team an [[Futsal]] team. Thare are three aw saison ice arenas, a soccer field (amateur fields are no coontit), a ski centre, a hippodrome, a shuitin range, several tennis-courts includin in the open an aw saison, three Olympic sized puils. In winter time pairks for the cross kintra skiin are available aroond the toun. *[[FC Tyumen]] ==Education== ===Heicher education=== Tyumen is a toun o students. The great boost tae Tyumen Eddication development wis gien in the 1964 when the Tyumen Industrial Institute wis foondit tae supply ile industry bi qualified local workforce. Mony academies o the different disciplines wis foondit in Tyumen syne this date, an nou the Higher Eddication is ane o the major economic activities o Tyumen. Thare are ower 10 academies, includin three varsities in the toun an dozens o colleges. In the educational year o 2008-2009 the five lairgest Academies o Tyumen thegither haed ower 110,000 students. ===Seicontar education=== Thare are ower ane hunder seicontar schuils in Tyumen. ===Libraries=== Thare are aboot fifty public libraries in Tyumen. In addetion thare are several corporate libraries integratit intae public libraries beuk exchynge seestem. The Tyumen special is the [http://www.tonb.ru/ Tyumen Regional Scientific Library efter D.I. Mendeleev] which haes aboot 2 670,000 unic units o issue in its stock . ==Internaitional relations== {{See also|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Roushie}} ===Twin touns an sister ceeties=== Tyumen is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi: *{{Flagicon|Switzerland}} [[Bern (ceety)|Bern]], [[Swisserland]] (2007) *{{Flagicon|Belarus}} [[Brest, Belaroushie|Brest]], [[Belaroushie]] (1999) *{{Flagicon|Canada}} [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], [[Canadae]] *{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Celle]], [[Germany]] (1994)<ref name="Celle">{{cite web |url=http://www.celle.de/index.phtml?sNavID=342.65&La=2 |title=Stadt Celle |publisher=www.celle.de |accessdate=2010-01-05 |archive-date=2011-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611173657/http://www.celle.de/index.phtml?sNavID=342.65&La=2 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *{{Flagicon|China}} [[Daqing]], [[Cheenae]] (1993) *{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Houston]], [[Texas]], [[Unitit States]] (1995) *{{Flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Kaunas]], [[Lithuanie]] ==See an aw== *[[Chimgi-Tura]] ==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}} ===Sources=== *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|tyu|adm|law}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|tyu|mun|list}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://tyumen-city.ru Offeecial wabsteid o Tyumen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428231613/http://tyumen-city.ru/ |date=2021-04-28 }} {{ru icon}} *[http://www.panoramio.com/user/1807604 Photos o Tyumen on Panoramio] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104000739/http://www.panoramio.com/user/1807604 |date=2012-11-04 }} {{Tyumen Oblast}} [[Category:Ceeties an touns in Tyumen Oblast]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1586]] 5r8igxed7xeal93v7ru7or9ttyj0c2z 0 44911 918491 885343 2026-06-20T10:47:20Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Other places3|Troitsk}} {{Infobox Russian town |en_name=Troitsk |ru_name=Троицк |image_skyline=Winter Troitsk October prospect.jpg |image_caption=Oktyabrsky Avenue in winter |image_map=Msk tao troitsk.svg |map_caption=Troitsk Dounset athin the federal ceety o Moscow |coordinates = {{coord|55|29|29|N|37|18|33|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=bottom |image_flag=Flag of Troitsk (Moscow oblast).png |flag_caption |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Troitsk (Moscow oblast).png |coa_caption=Coat o airms o Troitsk Urban Okrug |anthem |anthem_ref |holiday |holiday_ref <!----ADMINISTRATIVE STATUS----> |federal_subject=[[Moscow]] |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="duma" /> |adm_data_as_of=Julie 2012 |adm_city_jur=[[Troitsky Admeenistrative Okrug]] |adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="duma" /> |adm_ctr_of= |adm_ctr_of_ref= |inhabloc_cat=Town |inhabloc_cat_ref= <!----MUNICIPAL STATUS----> |mun_data_as_of=September 2011 |urban_okrug_jur= |urban_okrug_jur_ref= |mun_admctr_of= |mun_admctr_of_ref= |leader_title=Head |leader_title_ref |leader_name= |leader_name_ref |representative_body= |representative_body_ref --> <!----STATISTICS----> |area_of_what |area_as_of |area_km2 |area_km2_ref |pop_2010census=39873 |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= <!----HISTORY----> |established_date=1646 |established_title=First mentioned |established_date_ref |current_cat_date=1977 |current_cat_date_ref |prev_name1=Troitskoye |prev_name1_date=1977 |prev_name1_ref <!----MISCELLANEA----> |postal_codes |postal_codes_ref |dialing_codes |dialing_codes_ref |website |website_ref |commoscat=Troitsk, Moscow Oblast |date=October 2009 }} '''Troitsk''' ({{lang-ru|Тро́ицк}}) is a [[teeps o inhabitit localities in Roushie|toun]], umwhile in [[Moscow Oblast]] an syne 1 Julie 2012 a pairt o the [[federal ceeties o Roushie|federal ceety]] o [[Moscow]], [[Roushie]]. It is locatit on the [[Desna River (Pakhra basin)|Desna River]] {{convert|37|km|sp=us}} soothwast frae the centre o [[Moscow]] on the Kaluzhskoye Heich-gate. Population: 39,873 ([[Roushie Census (2010)|2010 Census]]);<ref name="2010Census" /> 32,653 ([[Roushie Census (2002)|2002 Census]]);<ref name="2002Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}}</ref> {{su-census1989|29,301|.}} ==History== Troitsk wis first mentioned in 1646 as a dounset o '''Troitskoye''' ({{lang|ru|Тро́ицкое}}). It wis renamit Troitsk an grantit toun status in 1977. ==Admeenistrative an municipal status== On 1 Julie 2012 Troitsk wis transferred tae the ceety o Moscow an became a pairt o [[Troitsky Admeenistrative Okrug]].<ref name="duma">{{cite web|url=http://www.duma.mos.ru/cgi-bin/prt_txt?vid=1&viddoc=1&unom=4801|title=О внесении изменений в Закон города Москвы от 5 июля 1995 года № 13-47 «О территориальном делении города Москвы»|publisher=Московская городская Дума|language=Russian|accessdate=July 8, 2012|archive-date=2012-07-29|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120729051450/http://www.duma.mos.ru/cgi-bin/prt_txt?vid=1&viddoc=1&unom=4801|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://троицкий-округ.рф/news/534/|title=Жители Троицкого округа стали москвичами!|publisher=Троицкий округ Москвы|language=Russian|accessdate=July 8, 2012}}</ref> Prior tae the transfer, athin the [[subdiveeions o Roushie#Admeenistrative diveesions|framewirk o admeenistrative diveesions]], it wis incorporatit as '''Troitsk [[Ceety o federal subject significance|Toun Unner Oblast Jurisdiction]]'''—an admeenistrative unit wi the status equal tae that o the [[admeenistrative diveesions o Moscow Oblast|destricts]].<ref name="Ref113">Law #12/2001-OZ; revision prior to July&nbsp;17, 2012</ref> As a [[subdiveesions o Roushie#Municipal diveesions|municipal diveesion]], Troitsk Toun Unner Oblast Jurisdiction wis incorporatit as '''Troitsk Urban Okrug'''.<ref name="Ref801">Law #48/2005-OZ</ref> ==Research== It is hame tae a nummer o research institutes, includin: *[[Institute for Nuclear Research]] *[[Institute for Spectroscopy Russian Academy of Sciences]] *[[IZMIRAN]] *[[TRINITY]] ==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}} ===Sources=== *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|mos|adm|law}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|mos|mun|list|troitsk}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.troitsk.ru/ Unoffeecial wabsteid o Troitsk]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316192543/http://www.troitsk.ru/ |date=2010-03-16 }} {{ru icon}} *[http://www.troitsk.org/ Troitsk online commonty] {{ru icon}} {{Admeenistrative diveesions o Moscow}} [[Category:Ceeties an touns unner jurisdiction o Moscow]] [[Category:Troitsky Admeenistrative Okrug]] [[Category:Naukograds]] [[Category:Troitsk, Moscow]] ijxybq74kifkkusukcko5isne3f0nez 0 45251 918458 885883 2026-06-20T07:19:49Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918458 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> | name = Seocho-gu | official_name = 서초구 · 瑞草區 | native_name = | native_name_lang = kr | settlement_type = [[Leet o destricts o Seoul|Destrict]] <!-- images, nickname, motto ---> | image_skyline = Samsung headquarters.jpg | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = [[Samsung Town]] | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | image_blank_emblem = | nickname = | motto = <!-- maps and coordinates ------> | image_map = Seoul Seocho-gu.svg | map_alt = | map_caption = Location o Seocho-gu in [[Seoul]] | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_base_alt = | dot_map_alt = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = |dot_y = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = &nbsp; | coordinates = | coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --> | coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> <!-- location ------------------> | subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] | subdivision_name = [[Sooth Korea]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Leet o regions o Korea|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Seoul Naitional Caipital Area|Sudogwon]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Direct-controlled municipality#Sooth Korea|Special Ceety]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Seoul]] | subdivision_type3 = Admeenistrative dong | subdivision_name3 = 18 <!-- established ---------------> | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | established_date = | founder = | named_for = <!-- seat, smaller parts -------> | seat_type = <!-- defaults to: Seat --> | seat = <!-- government type, leaders --> | government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | leader_party = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Chin Ik-chol (진익철) | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = <!-- etc., up to leader_title4 / leader_name4 --> <!-- display settings ---------> | total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows --> | unit_pref = <!-- enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric --> <!-- area ----------------------> | area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink --> | area_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | area_total_km2 = 47.14 | area_total_sq_mi = <!-- see table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details --> | area_land_km2 = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_note = <!-- elevation -----------------> | elevation_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = <!-- population ----------------> | population_footnotes = <ref>http://www.seocho.go.kr/english/profile/d_body.asp {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20070928000630/http://www.seocho.go.kr/english/profile/d_body.asp |date=2007-09-28 }}</ref> | population_total = 393,270 | population_as_of = 2010<ref name="kosispop">[http://kosis.kr/abroad/abroad_01List.jsp?parentId=A Korean Statistical Information Service (Korean) > Population and Household > Census Result (2010) > Population by Administrative district, Sex and Age / Alien by Administrative district and Sex] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826055149/http://kosis.kr/abroad/abroad_01List.jsp?parentId=A |date=2013-08-26 }}, Retrieved 2010-06-02.</ref> | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_sq_mi= | population_est = | pop_est_as_of = | population_demonym = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool --> | population_note = <!-- time zone(s) --------------> | timezone1 = [[Korea Staundart Time]] | utc_offset1 = +9 | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = <!-- postal codes, area code ---> | postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | postal_code = | area_code_type = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) --> | area_code = <!-- website, footnotes --------> | website = [http://english.seocho.go.kr/ Seocho-gu offeecial wabsite] | footnotes = }} '''Seocho-gu''' is a ''[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea|gu]]'' o [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a popular residential aurie for the mid- or upper-cless residents in Seoul. Seocho is generally referred tae as a pairt o [[Gangnam (3 Destricts)|Greater Gangnam Aurie]], alang wi [[Gangnam-gu]] an [[Songpa-gu]]. Seocho-gu is servit bi the [[Seoul Subway Line 2]], [[Seoul Subway Line 3|Line 3]], [[Seoul Subway Line 7|Line 7]], [[Bundang Line]], an [[Seoul Subway Line 9|Line 9]]. Sooth Korea's langest heich-gate, [[Gyeongbu Expressway]], ends here. ==Administration== In South Korea, thare are twa teeps or ''dong'' or neighborhoods, ane of which is cried ''Beopjeong-dong'' (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) denotin "dong designatit bi law". The ither is cried ''Haengjeong-dong'' (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}) referring tae "dong assigned for administrative purpose". Beopjeong-dong haes a lang history, tradeetion or convention o each place, while as a population of residents in beopjeong-dong increases or decreases, the admeenistration in charge divides ane dong frae several ''haengjeong-dong'' or integrates several beopjeong-dong tae ane haengjeong-dong sic as the follaein, for example. Wonji-dong is a beopjeong-dong o Seocho-gu but is administered bi the Yangjae 2-dong office. Seocho 1-dong is ane o hangjeong-dongs o Seocho-dong.<ref name="encyber">{{cite web |url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=188263&contentno=188263 |title=Haengjeong-dong (행정동 行政洞) |publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia |accessdate=2008-04-16 |language=Korean |archive-date=2009-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090902220629/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=188263&contentno=188263 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ablo are beopjeong-dong. ;Neeborheid * [[Seocho-dong]] (서초동 {{linktext|瑞|草|洞}}) * [[Jamwon-dong]] (잠원동 {{linktext|蠶|院|洞}}) * [[Banpo-dong]] (반포동 {{linktext|盤|浦|洞}}) * [[Bangbae-dong]] (방배동 {{linktext|方|背|洞}}) * [[Yangjae-dong]] (양재동 {{linktext|良|才|洞}}) ** [[Umyeon-dong]] (우면동 {{linktext|牛|眠|洞}}) ** [[Wonji-dong]] (원지동 {{linktext|院|趾|洞}}) * [[Naegok-dong]] (내곡동 {{linktext|內|谷|洞}}) ** [[Yeomgok-dong]] (염곡동 {{linktext|廉|谷|洞}}) ** [[Sinwon-dong]] (신원동 {{linktext|新|院|洞}}) ==Characteristic== The aurie is hame tae the [[Supreme Court o Sooth Korea|Supreme Court]] an the [[Supreme Prosecutors' Office o Sooth Korea|Supreme Prosecutors' Office]]. [[Seocho Samsung Town]] in [[Seocho-dong]], near [[Gangnam Station]], is the heidquairter o several corporations o the [[Samsung Group]] includin [[Samsung Electronics]]. An aw in DaeRyung Scecho Touer is the heidquairter o Sooth Korean [[cosmetics|skincare an cosmetics]] manufacturer [[Skin Food]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Skin Food<Headquarter Address|url=http://eng.theskinfood.com/skinfood/address.asp|work=Skin Food official website|accessdate=9 October 2012|archive-date=2012-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925075043/http://eng.theskinfood.com/skinfood/address.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> It is the location o the infamous [[Sampoong Department Store collapse]] o 1995 an aw. [[Seorae Village]] in [[Banpo-dong]], is a sma French enclave, wi a lairge concentration o French residents an European-style restaurants, dessert cafes, as well as wineries an cafes staund alang its main street.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amuse-bouches in Seoul’s French Quarter|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joinsmsn.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2935365|accessdate=27 January 2013|newspaper=Joongang Daily|date=27 April 2011|author=Cho Jae-eun|author2=Junghee Lee|author3=Chang Hae-won}}</ref> ==Geografie== *[[Umyeonsan]] *[[Guryongsan]] *[[Cheonggyesan (Seoul)|Cheonggyesan]] *[[Yangjaecheon]], a stream ==Attractions== *[[Supreme Court o Sooth Korea]] *[[National Librar o Korea]] *[[Seoul Airt Centre]] *[[The Naitional Center for Korean Tradeetional Performin Airts]] *[[Yangjae Citizen Park]] *[[Heonin Tomb]] ==Transportation== ===Railroad=== *[[Seoul Metro]] ;*[[Seoul Subway Line 2]] Circle Line ;;;([[Gangnam-gu]]) ← [[Seoul National University of Education Station|Seoul National Univ. of Education]] - [[Seocho Station|Seocho]] - [[Bangbae Station|Bangbae]] → ([[Dongjak-gu]]) ;*[[Seoul Subway Line 3]] ;;;([[Gangnam-gu]]) ← [[Jamwon Station|Jamwon]] - [[Express Bus Terminal Station|Express Bus Terminal]] - [[Seoul National University of Education Station|Seoul National Univ. of Education]] - [[Nambu Bus Terminal Station|Nambu Bus Terminal]] - [[Yangjae Station|Yangjae(Seocho-gu Office)]] → ([[Gangnam-gu]]) *[[Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation]] ;*[[Seoul Subway Line 7]] ;;;([[Gangnam-gu]]) ← [[Banpo Station|Banpo]] - [[Express Bus Terminal Station|Express Bus Terminal]] - [[Naebang Station|Naebang]] → ([[Dongjak-gu]]) *Seoul Metro Line 9 Corporation ;*[[Seoul Subway Line 9]] ;;;([[Dongjak-gu]]) ← [[Gubanpo Station|Gubanpo]] - [[Sinbanpo Station|Sinbanpo]] - [[Express Bus Terminal Station|Express Bus Terminal]] - [[Sapyeong Station|Sapyeong]] → ([[Gangnam-gu]]) ==Sister ceeties== ===Internaitional=== *{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Suginami, Tokyo]], [[Japan]] *{{flagicon|China}} [[Hongkou Destrict]], [[Shanghai]], [[Cheenae]] *{{flagicon|China}} [[Laoshan Destrict]], [[Qingdao]], [[Cheenae]] *{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Çankaya, Ankara]], [[Turkey]] ===Domestic=== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Cheongyang]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Haenam]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Hoengseong]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Hwacheon]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Icheon]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Jecheon]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Nam-gu, Ulsan]] {{col-2}} *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Namwon]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Nonsan]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Sancheong]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Seocheon]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Taean]] *{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Yesan]] {{col-end}} ==See an aw== {{Portal|South Korea}} *[[Gangnam-gu]] *[[Leet o Korea-relatit topics]] *[[Geografie o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commons category-inline|Seocho-gu, Seoul}} *[http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/index.jsp Seocho-gu wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150515081612/http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/index.jsp |date=2015-05-15 }} *[http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/sd/index.jsp Seocho-gu wabsteid] {{ko icon}} {{Destricts o Seoul}} [[Category:Seocho-gu| ]] bxbhr45u4oafa40ijdrjemveubuywn5 0 45415 918468 900393 2026-06-20T08:12:31Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918468 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group| |group = Slovenes/Slovenies<br>''Slovenci'' |flag = |flag_caption = The |image = | population= [[Circa|c.]] 2.5 million<ref name="Glasgow">{{cite web |url=http://zgs.zrc-sazu.si/Portals/8/Slo_Geo_Over/16.pdf |title=Ethnic Structure of Slovenia and Slovenes in Neighbouring Countries |work=Slovenia: a geographical overview |first=Jernej |last=Zupančič |publisher=Association of the Geographic Societies of Slovenia |year=2004 |month=August |accessdate=10 April 2008|format=PDF}}</ref> |popplace={{Flagicon|Slovenia}} [[Slovenie]] 1,800.000{{lower|<ref name="Glasgow" />}} | region1 = {{flag|Unitit States}} | pop1 = 178,415 | ref1 = {{lower|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=D&-ds_name=D&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-mt_name=ACS_2002_EST_G2000_PCT026 |title=2002 Community Survey |access-date=2013-02-04 |archive-date=2011-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120010843/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=D&-ds_name=D&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-mt_name=ACS_2002_EST_G2000_PCT026 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/prod/2004pubs/c2kbr-35.pdf |title=Ancestry: 2000 (Census 2000 Brief) |author= Angela Brittingham |coauthors=G. Patrizia de la Cruz |work=United States Census 2000 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |month=June |year=2006 |accessdate=1 June 2008|format=PDF}}</ref>}} | region2 = {{flag|Argentinae}} | pop2 = 30,000 (est.) | ref2 = {{lower|<ref name="Glasgow"/><ref name="atlas"/>}} | region3 = {{flag|Italy}} | pop3 = 83,000 – 100,000 (est.) | ref3 = {{lower|<ref name="Glasgow"/><ref name="atlas">Zupančič, Jernej (author), Orožen Adamič, Milan (photographer), Filipič, Hanzi (photographer): ''Slovenci po svetu''. In publication: ''Nacionalni atlas Slovenije'' (Kartografsko gradivo) / Inštitut za geografijo, Geografski inštitut Antona Melika. Ljubljana: Rokus, 2001.{{COBISS|ID=18593837}}{{sl icon}}</ref>}} | region4 = {{flag|Germany}} | pop4 = 50,000 (2003) | ref4 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik"/>}} | region5 = {{flag|Canadae}} | pop5 = 35,940 (2006) | ref5 = {{lower|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=92333&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=801&Temporal=2006&Theme=80&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |title=Ethnic Origin (247), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2013-02-04 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225063538/http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=92333&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=801&Temporal=2006&Theme=80&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=%20 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} | region6 = {{flag|Australie}} | pop6 = 20,000 – 25,000 (2008) | ref6 = {{lower|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.demokracija.si/index.php?sekcija=clanki&clanek=1580 |title=Zavest o slovenskih koreninah |work=Spletna Demokracija |author=Lucija Horvat |date=6 February 2008 |accessdate=10 April 2008 |language=Slovene}}</ref>}} | region7 = {{flag|Austrick}} | pop7 = 24,855 | ref7 = {{lower|<ref name="statistik">{{cite web |url=ftp://www.statistik.at/pub/neuerscheinungen/vzaustriaweb.pdf |title=Tabelle 5: Bevölkerung nach Umgangssprache und Staatsangehörigkeit |work=Volkszählung 2001: Hauptergebnisse I – Österreich |publisher=Statistik Austria |year=2002 |accessdate=2 June 2008 |language=German|format=PDF}}</ref>}} | region8 = {{flag|Fraunce}} | pop8 = 4,000(est.) | ref8 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik"/>}}{{lower|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/pays-zones-geo_833/slovenie_231/presentation-slovenie_1432/donnees-generales_1086.html |title=Présentation de la Slovénie – Données générales -Ministère des Affaires étrangères<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2013-02-04 |archive-date=2014-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026124613/http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/pays-zones-geo_833/slovenie_231/presentation-slovenie_1432/donnees-generales_1086.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} | region9 = {{flag|Croatie}} | pop9 = 13,173 (2001) | ref9 = {{lower|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/Census2001/Popis/E01_02_02/E01_02_02.html |title=Population by ethnicity, by towns/municipalities |work=Republic of Croatia: Census 2001 |publisher=Croatian Bureau of Statistics |accessdate=1 June 2008 |archive-date=2015-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227072834/http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/Census2001/Popis/E01_02_02/E01_02_02.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} | region10 = {{flag|Serbie}} | pop10 = 5,104 (2002) | ref10 = {{lower|<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/zip/esn31.pdf |title=Final results of the Census 2001: Population by national or ethnic groups, gender and age groups in the Republic of Serbia, by municipalities |journal=Communication |volume=295 |issue=LII |date=24 December 2002 |accessdate=1 June 2008 |publisher=Republic Statistical Office of Serbia |issn=0353-9555 |format=PDF |archive-date=2020-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509144148/https://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/zip/esn31.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}{{Dead link|date=June 2012}} | region11 = {{flag|Swaden}} | pop11 = 4,000 | ref11 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik"/>}} | region12 = {{flag|Hungary}} | pop12 = 3,025 (2001) | ref12 = {{lower|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nepszamlalas.hu/eng/volumes/18/tables/prnt1_28.html |title=Population by mother tongue and main age groups, 1910–1941, 1970–2001 |work=Population Census 2001 |year=2004 |publisher=Hungarian Central Statistical Office |accessdate=1 June 2008 |archive-date=2007-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927225858/http://www.nepszamlalas.hu/eng/volumes/18/tables/prnt1_28.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} | region13 = {{flag|Uruguay}} | pop13 = 2,000 – 3,000 (est.) | ref13 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik"/>}} | region14 = {{flag|Swisserland}} | pop14 = 2,433 | ref14 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/22/publ.Document.88215.pdf Bericht 2006]</ref>}} | region15 = {{flag|Bosnie an Herzegovinae}} | pop15 = 2,100 (1991) | ref15 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.uni-koeln.de/jur-fak/ostrecht/minderheitenschutz/Vortraege/BiH/BiH_Marko_Railic.pdf Numbers in 1991] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183909/http://www.uni-koeln.de/jur-fak/ostrecht/minderheitenschutz/Vortraege/BiH/BiH_Marko_Railic.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }}</ref>}} | region16 = {{flag|Netherlands}} | pop16 = 1,000 – 2,000 (est.) | ref16 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.justitie.nl/Images/Etnische_Groeperingen_tcm74-31515.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050607211706/http://www.justitie.nl/Images/Etnische_Groeperingen_tcm74-31515.pdf |date=2005-06-07 }}</ref>}}{{Dead link|date=June 2008}} | region17 = {{flag|Belgium}} | pop17 = 1,500 (est.) | ref17 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik"/>}} | region18 = {{flag|Brazil}} | pop18 = 1,500 (est.) | ref18 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik"/>}} | region19 = {{flag|Venezuela}} | pop19 = 1,000 (est.) | ref19 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik"/>}} | region20 = {{flag|Spain}} | pop20 = 758 (2007) | ref20 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.ine.es/inebase/cgi/axi?AXIS_PATH=/inebase/temas/t20/e245/p04/provi/l0/&FILE_AXIS=00000008.px&CGI_DEFAULT=/inebase/temas/cgi.opt&COMANDO=SELECCION&CGI_URL=/inebase/cgi/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070701212948/http://www.ine.es/inebase/cgi/axi?AXIS_PATH=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp04%2Fprovi%2Fl0%2F&FILE_AXIS=00000008.px&CGI_DEFAULT=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Fcgi.opt&COMANDO=SELECCION&CGI_URL=%2Finebase%2Fcgi%2F |date=2007-07-01 }}</ref>}}{{Dead link|date=June 2008}} | region21 = {{flag|Montenegro}} | pop21 = 415 | ref21 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.monstat.org/Popis/Popis01a.zip Montenegrin 2003 census -]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>}} | region22 = {{flag|Macedonie}} | pop22 = 403 (1994) | ref22 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik">Trebše-Štolfa, Milica, ed., Klemenčič, Matjaž, resp. ed.: ''Slovensko izseljenstvo: zbornik ob 50-letnici Slovenske izseljenske matice''. Ljubljana: Združenje Slovenska izseljenska matica, 2001.{{COBISS|ID=115722752}}</ref>}} | region23 = {{flag|Norawa}} | pop23 = 286 (2009) | ref23 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.ssb.no/innvbef_en/tab-2009-04-30-05-en.html Statistics Norway – 2009 Census]</ref>}} | region24 = {{flag|Chile}} | pop24 = 200 (est.) | ref24 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik"/>}} | region25 = {{flag|Ireland}} | pop25 = 130 (2011) | ref25 = {{lower|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cso.ie/en/statistics/population/personsusuallyresidentandpresentinthestateoncensusnightclassifiedbynationalityandagegroup/ |title=Persons usually resident and present in the State on Census Night, classified by nationality and age group |accessdate=28 June 2021 |publisher=Central Statistics Office |archive-date=2018-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630190050/https://www.cso.ie/en/statistics/population/personsusuallyresidentandpresentinthestateoncensusnightclassifiedbynationalityandagegroup/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} | region26 = {{flag|Sooth Africae}} | pop26 = 100 (est.) | ref26 = {{lower|<ref name="zbornik"/>}} |languages = [[Slovene language|Slovene]] |religions = Predominantly [[Roman Catholic]], [[Protestant]] |related = Ither [[Slavs]], especially ither [[Sooth Slavs]]<br><small>[[Croats]], [[Serbs]], [[Bosniaks]] an [[Montenegrins (ethnic group)|Montenegrins]] are the maist related</small><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=373-16 |title=Ethnologue – South Slavic languages |publisher=ethnologue.com |accessdate=8 February 2011 }} </ref>}} The '''Slovenes''', '''Slovene fowk''', '''Slovenies''', or '''Slovenie fowk''' ({{lang-sl|Slovenci|italic=yes}}, {{IPA|/sloˈʋeːntsi/|IPA}}, dual ''Slovenca'', singular ''Slovenec'', feminine ''Slovenke'', dual ''Slovenki'', singular ''Slovenka'') are the northmaist [[Sooth Slavs|Sooth Slavic]] [[ethnic group]] livin in historical [[Slovene launds]], surroondit bi German-speakin Austrians on the north, Italian-speakin an Friulan-speakin neebours on wast, Hungarian-speakin population on east, an Croatie-speakin Slavic relatives on sooth. The leid the Slovenes speak is [[Slovenie leid|Slovene]], a [[Sooth Slavic leids|Sooth Slavic]] eid wi significant similarities tae the [[Wast Slavic leids]]. The Slovenes live mainly in [[Slovenie]] an as a recognisit minority in [[Austrick]], [[Croatie]], [[Hungary]], an [[Italy]], whaur they in the latter three kintras are indigenous. Expatriates live mainly in ither European kintras an in the Unitit States, Canadae, Argentinae an Australie. ==References== {{Commons category|Slovenians|Slovenes}} {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} [[Category:Ethnic Slovene fowk| ]] [[Category:Slovenie fowk| ]] [[Category:Ethnic groups in Europe]] [[Category:Slavic ethnic groups]] [[Category:Sooth Slavs]] [[Category:Ethnic groups in Slovenie]] d2s0inz5krmdrzogg2emrdc3h00d8x2 0 45538 918481 885406 2026-06-20T09:36:12Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Tadmur |native_name = <big>تدمر</big> |image_skyline =City of Tadmor, Syria.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption =The modren toun o Tadmur |pushpin_map =Syria |pushpin_mapsize =250 |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Sirie}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Govrenorates o Sirie|Govrenorate]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Homs Govrenorate]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Destricts o Sirie|Destrict]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Tadmur Destrict]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah]] |subdivision_name3 = Tadmur |settlement_type = Ceety<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Metric <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2004 census |population_note = |population_total = 51,323 |population_footnotes = <ref name="CBS"/> |timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +2 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |coordinates = {{coord|34|33|36|N|38|16|2|E|region:SY|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = 405 |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = 31 |website = |footnotes = }} '''Tadmur''' ({{lang-ar|<big>تدمر</big>}}; spelt, '''Tadmor''' an aw; auncient '''[[Palmira]]''') is a ceety in central [[Sirie]], admeenistratively pairt o the [[Homs Govrenorate]]. It is locatit in an [[oasis]] in the middle o the [[Sirie Desert]] 215&nbsp;km northeast o [[Damascus]]<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7729718.stm Syria uncovers 'largest church'] BBC News Online, 14 November 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-16.</ref> and 180&nbsp;km soothwast o the [[Euphrates]]. The auncient ruins o Palmira are situatit aboot 500 metres soothwast o Tadmur.<ref name="Carter205"/> Awtho relatively isolatit, the nearest localities include [[Arak, Sirie|Arak]] tae the east, [[al-Sukhnah]] further tae the northeast, [[Tiyas]] tae the wast an [[al-Qaryatayn]] tae the soothwast. Accordin tae the [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]] (CBS), Tadmur haed a population of 51,323 in the 2004 census.<ref name="CBS">[http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB04-20-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215230132/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB04-20-2004.htm |date=2019-12-15 }}. [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]] (CBS). Homs Govrenorate. {{ar icon}}</ref> Its inhabitants wur recordit tae be [[Sunni Muslim]]s in 1838.<ref>Smith, 1841, p. 174.</ref> ==Economy== Tadmur is the modren dounset o the auncient ceety o [[Palmira]], which developit adjacently tae the north o the auncient ruins.<ref name="Knowles2006"/> The modren ceety is built alang a grid pattern. Quwatli Street is the main road an runs east-wast, stairtin frae the Saahat al-Ra'is Square on the wastren edge o the toun.<ref name="Carter205">Carter, p. 205.</ref> The ceety currently serves as a base for tourists visitin the ruins.<ref name="Knowles2006"/> It haes a museum in the soothwastren pairt o the ceety.<ref name="Carter205"/> Sirie haulds an annual cultural festival in Tadmur celebratin the ceety's auncient heritage.<ref>Cavendish, p. 439.</ref> The [[Palmira Airport]] is locatit in Tadmur an aw. Tadmur serves as a centre for Sirie's [[phosphate]] minin an [[natural gas]] industries.<ref name="Knowles2006">Knowles, 2006.</ref> The first phosphate mine run bi the govrenment wis establisht near Tadmur an stairtit production in 1971.<ref>Federal Research Division, p. 169.</ref> Wirk tae connect Tadmur's phosphate mines tae the port o [[Tartus]] began in 1978.<ref>Federal Research Division, p. 194.</ref> In 1986 Soviet surveyors discovered lairge [[iron ore]] deposits in the vicinity o Tadmur.<ref>Federal Research Division, p. 170.</ref> ==References== {{reflist|2}} ==Bibliografie== {{refbegin}} *{{cite book|first=Terry|last=Carter|title=Syria and Lebanon 3|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=_R-I_Gx5OgQC&dq=Hajin+Syria&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=Lonely Planet|year=2008|isbn=1741046092}} *{{cite book|first1=Eli|last1=Smith|first2=Edward|last2=Robinson|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Vt0uAAAAQAAJ&dq=d'Helfaya&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=Crocker and Brewster|volume=3|year=1841}} {{refend}} {{Homs Govrenorate|tadmur}} [[Category:Populatit places in Tadmur Destrict]] [[Category:Ceeties in Sirie]] 2j665m53md1j4sc7h5083xs3vekftef 0 45979 918443 898671 2026-06-20T05:59:28Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918443 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name = San José del Guaviare |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipality]] an toun |image_skyline = Panoramica 1DSC00027.JPG |imagesize = |image_caption = Aerial view o '''San José del Guaviare''' |image_flag = Flag of San José del Guaviare.svg |image_seal = Escudo de San José del Guaviare.svg |image_map = Colombia - Guaviare - San José del Guaviare.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o San José del Guaviare in the Guaviare, Colombie. |pushpin_map = Colombia |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Colombie |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombie}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Regions o Colombie|Region]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Amazon Region o Colombie|Amazon Region]] |subdivision_type2 =[[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Guaviare]] |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Geovanny Gómez Criales |established_title = Foondit |established_date = 1960 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 16.654 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |population_as_of = 2012 |population_note = |population_total = 44625 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_demonym = Josefinos |coordinates = {{coord|2|34|N|72|38|W|region:CO_type:city|display=inline}} |timezone = Colombie Staundart Time |utc_offset = -05 |elevation_m = 185 |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 950001-9 |area_code = 57 + 9 |website = [http://sanjosedelguaviare-guaviare.gov.co/index.shtml Offeecial wabsteid] {{es}} |footnotes = }} '''San José del Guaviare''' is a toun an municipality in [[Colombie]], caipital o the [[Depairtments o Colombie|depairtment]] o [[Guaviare]] bi the [[Guaviare River]]. ==External links== *{{es icon}} [http://sanjosedelguaviare-guaviare.gov.co/sitio.shtml San José del Guaviare official website]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928203017/http://sanjosedelguaviare-guaviare.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2007-09-28 }} *[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9065328/San-Jose-del-Guaviare Encyclopædia Britannica; San José del Guaviare] *{{es icon}} [http://siatac.siac.net.co Sistema de Información Ambiental Territorial de la Amazonia colombiana SIAT-AC] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121031018/http://siatac.siac.net.co/ |date=2008-11-21 }} {{Municipalities guaviare depairtment}} {{DEFAULTSORT:San Jose Del Guaviare}} [[Category:Municipalities o Guaviare]] [[Category:Populatit places in Guaviare]] [[Category:Caipitals o Colombie depairtments]] t85jlnjbordsqr39pc7rj3uqwsf35pw 0 46311 918457 885898 2026-06-20T07:19:06Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Seocho-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = [[Seoul Arts Center]] locatit in Seocho-dong. | hangul= 서초동 | hanja={{linktext|瑞|草|洞}} | rr=Seocho-dong | mr=Sǒch'o-dong | area_km2 = 6.42 | pop = 84405 | popnote = <ref name="encyber" /> | popyear = 2001 | popden_km2 = 13147 | popdennote = | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Seocho-dong''' is a [[Subdiveesions o Sooth Korea|''dong'', or neebourheid]] o the [[Seocho-gu]] destrict o the [[Sooth Korea]]n ceety o [[Seoul]]. The main street is [[Teheranno]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web |url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=732224&contentno=732224 |title=서초동 (Seocho-dong 瑞草洞) |publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia |accessdate=2008-04-16 |language=Korean }}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The heidquairter o Sooth Korean [[cosmetics|skincare an cosmetics]] manufacturer [[Skin Food]] is locatit in the DaeRyung Scecho Touer near [[Gangnam Station]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Skin Food<Headquarter Address|url=http://eng.theskinfood.com/skinfood/address.asp|work=Skin Food official website|accessdate=9 October 2012|archive-date=2012-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925075043/http://eng.theskinfood.com/skinfood/address.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Transportation== * [[Gangnam Station]] o [[Seoul Subway Line 2]] * [[Seocho Station]] o [[Seoul Subway Line 2]] == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== <references/> ==Freemit airtins== *[http://english.seocho.go.kr/ Seocho-gu offeecial wabsteid] *[http://www.lifeinkorea.com/hotels/korea/1582 lifeinkorea.com] *[http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/page.jsp?code=fea040000000 Seocho-gu map]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924100417/http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/page.jsp?code=fea040000000 |date=2015-09-24 }} at the Seocho-gu offeecial wabsteid *{{ko}} [http://seocho1.seocho.go.kr/ The Seocho 1-dong Resident office] {{Seocho-gu}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Seocho-gu]] iyf99n6j100drxzrod9iqfrxanxyytl 0 46507 918452 903337 2026-06-20T06:35:39Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Santa Fe | native_name = | native_name_lang = es | settlement_type = [[Provinces o Argentinae|Province]] | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = Clockwise frae top: [[:en:National Flag Memorial (Argentina)|Naitional Flag Memorial]], [[Rosario]], [[Santa Fe, Argentinae|Santa Fe Ceety]], [[Soy#Cultivation|Soy fields]]. | image_flag = Bandera-StaFe-argentina.svg | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = Arstafe2.png | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Provincia de Santa Fe - localización en Argentina.svg | map_alt = | map_caption = Location o Santa Fe Province athin Argentinae | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Kintra | subdivision_name = [[Argentinae]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Santa Fe, Argentinae|Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Depairtments o Argentinae|Depairtments]] | subdivision_name2 = [[#Admeenistrative diveesion|135]] | subdivision_type3 = [[#Admeenistrative diveesion|Destricts]] | subdivision_name3 = [[#Admeenistrative diveesion|365]] | subdivision_type4 = [[#Admeenistrative diveesion|Municipalities an communes]] | subdivision_name4 = [[#Admeenistrative diveesion|352]] | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = [[Govrenor]] | leader_name = [[Omar Perotti]] | leader_party = | leader_title1 = Legislatur | leader_name1 = Chamber o Deputies (50)<br>Senate (19) |leader_title2 = [[Chamber o Deputies o Argentinae|Naitional Deputies]] |leader_name2 = <br>[[Leet o current Argentine deputies#Santa Fe Province|19]] |leader_title3 = [[Senate o Argentinae|National Senators]] |leader_name3 = [[Carolina Losada]], [[Dionisio Scarpin]], [[Marcelo Lewandowski]] | unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK --> | area_footnotes = <br>[[Provinces of Argentina#Demographics|Ranked 10th]] | area_total_km2 = 133007 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 3,194,537 | population_as_of = 2010<ref name="INDEC">{{cite web |url=http://200.51.91.231/censo2010/ |title=Censo 2010 Argentina resultados definitivos: mapas |publisher=200.51.91.231 |date= |accessdate=2012-08-15 |archive-date=2012-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120901061446/http://200.51.91.231/censo2010/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | population_rank = [[Leet o Argentine provinces bi population|3rd]] | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = ''santafesino'' | population_note = | timezone1 = [[Time in Argentinae|ART]] | utc_offset1 = −3 | timezone1_DST = <!--NO--> | utc_offset1_DST = <!--NO--> | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:AR|AR-S]] | website = {{URL|www.santa-fe.gov.ar}} | footnotes = }} The '''Province o Santa Fe''', in Spaingie '''''Provincia de Santa Fe''''' ({{IPA-es|santa ˈfe|pron}}), is a [[Provinces o Argentinae|province]] o [[Argentinae]], locatit in the centre-east o the kintra. Neebourin provinces are frae the north clockwise [[Chaco Province|Chaco]] (dividit bi the [[28t parallel sooth]]), [[Corrientes Province|Corrientes]], [[Entre Ríos Province|Entre Ríos]], [[Buenos Aires Province|Buenos Aires]], [[Córdoba Province, Argentinae|Córdoba]], an [[Santiago del Estero Province|Santiago del Estero]]. Thegither wi Córdoba an Entre Ríos, the province is pairt o the economico-political association kent as the [[Center Region (Argentinae)|Center Region]]. Santa Fe's maist important ceeties are [[Rosario]] (population 908,000), the caipital [[Santa Fe, Argentinae|Santa Fe]] (369,000), [[Rafaela]] (83,000), [[Villa Gobernador Gálvez]] (74,000), [[Venado Tuerto]] (69,000), [[Reconquista, Santa Fe|Reconquista]] (66,000), an [[Santo Tomé, Santa Fe|Santo Tomé]] (58,000). The adult leeteracy rate in the province is 96.3% == Admeenistrative diveesion == [[File:Santa Fe (Argentina).png|thumb|right|240px|Simplifee'd poleetical map o Santa Fe Province, showin depairtmental borders an heid touns]] [[File:Cultivo de soja.jpg|thumb|240px|Soy fields near Runciman. The soy harvest, maistly for export, dominates Santa Fe agricultur.]] The province is dividit intae 19 [[Depairtments o Argentinae|depairtments]] (in Spaingie, ''departamentos''), an the depairtments are dividit in destricts which can be organisit as [[commune (subnaitional entity)|communes]] or [[municipality|municipalities]]. The communes are smawer touns, generally admeenistered bi a local commission led bi a "communal preses". The municipalities, which must hae mair nor 10,000 inhabitants, are wha is commonly cried "ceeties". Municipalities hae an executive officer (a mayor, cried ''intendente'') an a legislative body (cried ''Concejo Municipal'', a deliberative cooncil). For admeenistrative purposes, each depairtment haes a heid toun (''cabecera''), which mey be either kynd o destrict. <div style="margin-left: 2em; margin-top: 1ex;"> {| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" |- ! Depairtment ! Population ! Aurie ! Heid toun |- | [[Belgrano Depairtment, Santa Fe|Belgrano]] | 41,449 | {{convert|2386|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Las Rosas, Santa Fe|Las Rosas]] |- | [[Caseros Depairtment|Caseros]] | 79,096 | {{convert|3449|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Casilda]] |- | [[Castellanos Depairtment|Castellanos]] | 162,165 | {{convert|6600|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Rafaela]] |- | [[Constitución Depairtment|Constitución]] | 83,045 | {{convert|3225|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Villa Constitución, Santa Fe|Villa Constitución]] |- | [[Garay Depairtment|Garay]] | 19,913 | {{convert|3964|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Helvecia]] |- | [[General López Depairtment|General López]] | 182,113 | {{convert|11558|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Melincué]] |- | [[General Obligado Depairtment|General Obligado]] | 166,436 | {{convert|10928|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Reconquista, Santa Fe|Reconquista]] |- | [[Iriondo Depairtment|Iriondo]] | 65,486 | {{convert|3184|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Cañada de Gómez]] |- | [[La Capital Depairtment, Santa Fe|La Capital]] | 489,505 | {{convert|3055|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Santa Fe, Argentinae|Santa Fe]] |- | [[Las Colonias Depairtment|Las Colonias]] | 95,202 | {{convert|6439|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Esperanza, Santa Fe|Esperanza]] |- | [[Nueve de Julio Depairtment, Santa Fe|Nueve de Julio]] | 28,273 | {{convert|16870|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Tostado, Santa Fe|Tostado]] |- | [[Rosario Depairtment|Rosario]] | 1,121,441 | {{convert|1890|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Rosario]] |- | [[San Cristóbal Depairtment|San Cristóbal]] | 64,935 | {{convert|14850|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[San Cristóbal, Santa Fe|San Cristóbal]] |- | [[San Javier Depairtment, Santa Fe|San Javier]] | 29,912 | {{convert|6929|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[San Javier, Santa Fe|San Javier]] |- | [[San Jerónimo Depairtment|San Jerónimo]] | 77,253 | {{convert|4282|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Coronda]] |- | [[San Justo Depairtment, Santa Fe|San Justo]] | 40,379 | {{convert|5575|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[San Justo, Santa Fe|San Justo]] |- | [[San Lorenzo Depairtment, Santa Fe|San Lorenzo]] | 142,097 | {{convert|1867|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[San Lorenzo, Santa Fe|San Lorenzo]] |- | [[San Martín Depairtment, Santa Fe|San Martín]] | 60,698 | {{convert|4860|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Sastre, Santa Fe|Sastre]] |- | [[Vera Depairtment|Vera]] | 51,303 | {{convert|21096|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | [[Vera, Santa Fe|Vera]] |} </div> == References == {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == {{Portal|Argentinae}} * [http://www.portal.santafe.gov.ar/ Offeecial portal o the province] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130410004655/http://portal.santafe.gov.ar/ |date=2013-04-10 }}. {{es}} * [http://www.santa-fe.gov.ar/gbrn/noticias/constitucion.htm Constitution o Santa Fe]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602025456/http://www.santa-fe.gov.ar/gbrn/noticias/constitucion.htm |date=2014-06-02 }}. {{es}} * [http://www.turismosantafe.com.ar Tourism in Santa Fe, Argentinae] {{Provinces o Argentinae}} [[Category:Provinces o Argentinae]] [[Category:Santa Fe Province| ]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1816]] gpy4plgfhgmgkuula6e3p9ml5b31cpq 0 47229 918476 885587 2026-06-20T09:05:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |name = Sucre |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipality]] an toun |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Sucre - Sucre.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Sucre in the Sucre, Colombie. |pushpin_map = |pushpin_mapsize =300 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Colombie |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombie}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Sucre, Colombie|Sucre]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |coordinates = {{coord|8|48|43|N|74|43|15|W|display=inline}} |timezone = Colombie Staundart Time |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Sucre''' is a toun an municipality locatit in the Depairtment o [[Sucre, Colombie|Sucre]], northren [[Colombie]]. Is locatit in the Subregion o the Mojana wi the Munacipalities o [[Majagual, Sucre|Majagual]] an [[Guaranda, Sucre|Guaranda]] which conforms pairt o the so-cried Moposine depression, a geografical aurie characterisit bi bein unner sea-level an tharefore prone tae floodin. Sucre wis hame o famous writer [[Gabriel García Márquez]] an ane o his maist kent novels [[Chronicle of a Death Foretold]] is based on real life events occurred in the toun. ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://gobersucre.gov.co/since.php Gobernacion de Sucre - Sucre] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929131505/http://gobersucre.gov.co/since.php |date=2007-09-29 }} *{{es icon}} [http://sucre-sucre.gov.co/sitio.shtml Sucre offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080813235557/http://www.sucre-sucre.gov.co./sitio.shtml |date=2008-08-13 }} {{Municipalities sucre depairtment}} [[Category:Municipalities o Sucre, Colombie]] kli92hr98gk645o0rh571h0ubmphide 0 47662 918354 896525 2026-06-19T14:33:33Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918354 wikitext text/x-wiki This is a complete '''leet o ceeties in Ukraine'''. As o 1 Januar 2010 thare are '''459''' [[ceety|ceeties]] ({{lang-uk|місто}}, ''misto'') in [[Ukraine]]. Thare are three categories o ceeties which are indicatit bi a respective letter as a ceety status in the table belaw (see legends belaw for the ceety status letterin identification). Aw ceeties hae a some level o significance. Ony dounset that obtains ceety status becomes a ceety o destrict (raion) subordinance. The [[Ceety o regional significance (Ukraine)|ceeties o regional significance]] can either be o oblast subordinance or republican subordinance (in Crimea). The ceeties o naitional significance are offeecially kent as the [[ceeties wi special status]]. Below is the leet o aw ceeties bi population as o [[2001 Ukrainian Census]]. ==Ceeties in Ukraine== [[File:Europe-Ukraine (disputed territory).svg|thumb|right|250px|Map of Europe & Ukraine]] [[File:Passenger Terminal of the port.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Odessa]]]] [[File:Dnipropetrowsk.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Dnipropetrovsk]]]] [[File:Вид с террикона возле ДМЗ 025.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Donetsk]]]] [[File:Запорожье 009.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Zaporizhia]]]] [[File:Центр Львова 001.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Lviv]]]] [[File:Boat station in Kryvyi Rih.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Kryvyi Rih]]]] [[File:Shipbuilding Factory name of 61 Communard.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Mykolaiv]]]] {| class=wikitable ![[ceety|Ceety Name]] || Ceety Name (in [[Ukrainian leid|Ukrainian]]) || [[Subdiveesions o Ukraine|Subdiveesion]] || [[#Ceety status|Ceety status]] || Population ([[2001 Ukrainian Census|2001 Census]]) |- |[[Kyiv]] || [[:uk:Київ|Київ]] || [[Kyiv]] || align=right| S || align=right| 2,611,327 |- |[[Kharkiv]] || [[:uk:Харків|Харків]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 1,470,902 |- |[[Dnipropetrovsk]] || [[:uk:Дніпропетровськ|Дніпропетровськ]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 1,065,008 |- |[[Odesa]] || [[:uk:Одеса|Одеса]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 1,029,049 |- |[[Donetsk]] || [[:uk:Донецьк|Донецьк]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 1,016,194 |- |[[Zaporizhia]] || [[:uk:Запоріжжя|Запоріжжя]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 815,256 |- |[[Lviv]] || [[:uk:Львів|Львів]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 732,818 |- |[[Kryvyi Rih]] || [[:uk:Кривий ріг|Кривий ріг]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 668,980 |- |[[Mykolaiv]] || [[:uk:Миколаїв|Миколаїв]] || [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 514,136 |- |[[Mariupol]] || [[:uk:Маріуполь|Маріуполь]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 492,176 |- |[[Luhansk]] || [[:uk:Луганськ|Луганськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 463,097 |- |[[Makiivka]] || [[:uk:Макіївка|Макіївка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 389,589 |- |[[Vinnytsia]] || [[:uk:Вінниця|Вінниця]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 356,665 |- |[[Simferopol]] || [[:uk:Сімферополь|Сімферополь]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 343,644 |- |[[Sevastopol]] || [[:uk:Севастополь|Севастополь]] || [[Sevastopol]] || align=right| S || align=right| 342,451 |- |[[Kherson]] || [[:uk:Херсон|Херсон]] || [[Kherson Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 328,360 |- |[[Poltava]] || [[:uk:Полтава|Полтава]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 317,998 |- |[[Chernihiv]] || [[:uk:Чернігів|Чернігів]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 304,994 |- |[[Cherkasy]] || [[:uk:Черкаси|Черкаси]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 295,414 |- |[[Sumy]] || [[:uk:Суми|Суми]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 293,141 |- |[[Horlivka]] || [[:uk:Горлівка|Горлівка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 292,250 |- |[[Zhytomyr]] || [[:uk:Житомир|Житомир]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 284,236 |- |[[Dniprodzerzhynsk]] || [[:uk:Дніпродзержинськ|Дніпродзержинськ]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 255,841 |- |[[Kirovohrad]] || [[:uk:Кіровоград|Кіровоград]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 254,103 |- |[[Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine|Khmelnytskyi]] || [[:uk:Хмельницький|Хмельницький]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 253,994 |- |[[Rivne]] || [[:uk:Рівне|Рівне]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 248,813 |- |[[Chernivtsi]] || [[:uk:Чернівці|Чернівці]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 240,621 |- |[[Kremenchuk]] || [[:uk:Кременчук|Кременчук]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 234,073 |- |[[Ternopil]] || [[:uk:Тернопіль|Тернопіль]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 227,755 |- |[[Ivano-Frankivsk]] || [[:uk:Івано-Франківськ|Івано-Франківськ]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 218,359 |- |[[Lutsk]] || [[:uk:Луцьк|Луцьк]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 208,816 |- |[[Bila Tserkva]] || [[:uk:Біла Церква|Біла Церква]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 200,131 |- |[[Kramatorsk]] || [[:uk:Краматорськ|Краматорськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 181,025 |- |[[Melitopol]] || [[:uk:Мелітополь|Мелітополь]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 160,657 |- |[[Kerch]] || [[:uk:Керч|Керч]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 157,007 |- |[[Nikopol, Ukraine|Nikopol]] || [[:uk:Нікополь|Нікополь]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 136,280 |- |[[Sloviansk]] || [[:uk:Слов'янськ|Слов'янськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 124,829 |- |[[Berdiansk]] || [[:uk:Бердянськ|Бердянськ]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 121,692 |- |[[Sieverodonetsk]] || [[:uk:Сєверодонецьк|Сєверодонецьк]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 119,940 |- |[[Alchevsk]] || [[:uk:Алчевськ|Алчевськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 119,193 |- |[[Pavlohrad]] || [[:uk:Павлоград|Павлоград]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 118,816 |- |[[Uzhhorod]] || [[:uk:Ужгород|Ужгород]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 117,317 |- |[[Lysychansk]] || [[:uk:Лисичанськ|Лисичанськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 115,229 |- |[[Yevpatoria]] || [[:uk:Євпаторія|Євпаторія]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 105,915 |- |[[Yenakiieve]] || [[:uk:Єнакієве|Єнакієве]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 103,997 |- |[[Kamianets-Podilskyi]] || [[:uk:Кам'янець-Подільський|Кам'янець-Подільський]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 99,610 |- |[[Kostiantynivka]] || [[:uk:Костянтинівка|Костянтинівка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 95,111 |- |[[Krasnyi Luch]] || [[:uk:Красний Луч|Красний Луч]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 94,875 |- |[[Oleksandriia]] || [[:uk:Олександрія|Олександрія]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 93,357 |- |[[Konotop]] || [[:uk:Конотоп|Конотоп]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 92,657 |- |[[Stakhanov, Ukraine|Stakhanov]] || [[:uk:Стаханов|Стаханов]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 90,152 |- |[[Uman]] || [[:uk:Умань|Умань]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 88,735 |- |[[Berdychiv]] || [[:uk:Бердичів|Бердичів]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 87,575 |- |[[Shostka]] || [[:uk:Шостка|Шостка]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 87,130 |- |[[Brovary]] || [[:uk:Бровари|Бровари]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 86,839 |- |[[Izmail]] || [[:uk:Ізмаїл|Ізмаїл]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 84,815 |- |[[Artemivsk]] || [[:uk:Артемівськ|Артемівськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 82,916 |- |[[Mukachevo]] || [[:uk:Мукачеве|Мукачеве]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 82,346 |- |[[Yalta]] || [[:uk:Ялта|Ялта]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 81,654 |- |[[Drohobych]] || [[:uk:Дрогобич|Дрогобич]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 79,119 |- |[[Nizhyn]] || [[:uk:Ніжин|Ніжин]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 76,625 |- |[[Feodosiya]] || [[:uk:Феодосія|Феодосія]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 74,669 |- |[[Sverdlovsk, Ukraine|Sverdlovsk]] || [[:uk:Свердловськ|Свердловськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 72,531 |- |[[Novomoskovsk, Ukraine|Novomoskovsk]] || [[:uk:Новомосковськ|Новомосковськ]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 72,439 |- |[[Torez]] || [[:uk:Торез|Торез]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 72,346 |- |[[Chervonohrad]] || [[:uk:Червоноград|Червоноград]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 70,568 |- |[[Pervomaisk, Mykolaiv Oblast|Pervomaisk]] || [[:uk:Первомайськ|Первомайськ]] || [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 70,170 |- |[[Smila, Ukraine|Smila]] || [[:uk:Сміла|Сміла]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 69,681 |- |[[Krasnoarmiysk]] || [[:uk:Красноармійськ|Красноармійськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 69,154 |- |[[Kalush, Ukraine|Kalush]] || [[:uk:Калуш|Калуш]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 67,902 |- |[[Korosten]] || [[:uk:Коростень|Коростень]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 66,669 |- |[[Kovel]] || [[:uk:Ковель|Ковель]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 66,401 |- |[[Rubizhne]] || [[:uk:Рубіжне|Рубіжне]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 65,322 |- |[[Pryluky]] || [[:uk:Прилуки|Прилуки]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 64,861 |- |[[Druzhkivka]] || [[:uk:Дружківка|Дружківка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 64,557 |- |[[Khartsyzk]] || [[:uk:Харцизьк|Харцизьк]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 64,175 |- |[[Lozova]] || [[:uk:Лозова|Лозова]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 64,041 |- |[[Antratsyt]] || [[:uk:Антрацит|Антрацит]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 63,698 |- |[[Stryi]] || [[:uk:Стрий|Стрий]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 62,479 |- |[[Kolomyia]] || [[:uk:Коломия|Коломия]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 61,989 |- |[[Shakhtarsk]] || [[:uk:Шахтарськ|Шахтарськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 59,589 |- |[[Snizhne]] || [[:uk:Сніжне|Сніжне]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 58,496 |- |[[Novohrad-Volynskyi]] || [[:uk:Новоград-Волинський|Новоград-Волинський]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 56,259 |- |[[Enerhodar]] || [[:uk:Енергодар|Енергодар]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 56,242 |- |[[Izium]] || [[:uk:Ізюм|Ізюм]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 56,114 |- |[[Myrnohrad]] || [[:uk:Мирноград|Мирноград]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 54,787 |- |[[Brianka]] || [[:uk:Брянка|Брянка]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 54,767 |- |[[Illichivsk]] || [[:uk:Іллічівськ|Іллічівськ]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 54,151 |- |[[Boryspil]] || [[:uk:Бориспіль|Бориспіль]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 53,975 |- |[[Novovolynsk]] || [[:uk:Нововолинськ|Нововолинськ]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 53,838 |- |[[Rovenky]] || [[:uk:Ровеньки|Ровеньки]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 53,725 |- |[[Zhovti Vody]] || [[:uk:Жовті Води|Жовті Води]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 53,582 |- |[[Lubny]] || [[:uk:Лубни|Лубни]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 52,572 |- |[[Nova Kakhovka]] || [[:uk:Нова Каховка|Нова Каховка]] || [[Kherson Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 52,137 |- |[[Fastiv]] || [[:uk:Фастів|Фастів]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 51,976 |- |[[Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi]] || [[:uk:Білгород-Дністровський|Білгород-Дністровський]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 51,890 |- |[[Komsomolsk, Ukraine|Komsomolsk]] || [[:uk:Комсомольськ|Комсомольськ]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 51,740 |- |[[Krasnodon]] || [[:uk:Краснодон|Краснодон]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 50,560 |- |[[Romny]] || [[:uk:Ромни|Ромни]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 50,448 |- |[[Okhtyrka]] || [[:uk:Охтирка|Охтирка]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 50,399 |- |[[Svitlovodsk]] || [[:uk:Світловодськ|Світловодськ]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 50,094 |- |[[Marhanets]] || [[:uk:Марганець|Марганець]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 49,592 |- |[[Shepetivka]] || [[:uk:Шепетівка|Шепетівка]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 48,212 |- |[[Ordzhonikidze, Ukraine|Ordzhonikidze]] || [[:uk:Орджонікідзе|Орджонікідзе]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 44,834 |- |[[Dzerzhynsk]] || [[:uk:Дзержинськ|Дзержинськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 43,371 |- |[[Dzhankoy]] || [[:uk:Джанкой|Джанкой]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 43,343 |- |[[Pervomaisk, Luhansk Oblast|Pervomaisk]] || [[:uk:Первомайськ|Первомайськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 43,082 |- |[[Myrhorod]] || [[:uk:Миргород|Миргород]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 42,886 |- |[[Voznesensk]] || [[:uk:Вознесенськ|Вознесенськ]] || [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 42,634 |- |[[Kotovsk, Ukraine|Kotovsk]] || [[:uk:Котовськ|Котовськ]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 40,718 |- |[[Irpin]] || [[:uk:Ірпінь (місто)|Ірпінь]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 40,593 |- |[[Vasylkiv]] || [[:uk:Васильків|Васильків]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 39,722 |- |[[Dubno]] || [[:uk:Дубно|Дубно]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 39,146 |- |[[Kuznetsovsk]] || [[:uk:Кузнецовськ|Кузнецовськ]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 38,830 |- |[[Volodymyr-Volynskyi]] || [[:uk:Володимир-Волинський|Володимир-Волинський]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 38,256 |- |[[Kakhovka]] || [[:uk:Каховка|Каховка]] || [[Kherson Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 38,238 |- |[[Yuzhnoukrainsk]] || [[:uk:Ржноукраїнськ|Ржноукраїнськ]] || [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 38,206 |- |[[Boryslav]] || [[:uk:Борислав|Борислав]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 38,122 |- |[[Yasynuvata]] || [[:uk:Ясинувата|Ясинувата]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 37,552 |- |[[Zhmerynka]] || [[:uk:Жмеринка|Жмеринка]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 37,349 |- |[[Avdiivka]] || [[:uk:Авдіївка|Авдіївка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 37,210 |- |[[Chuhuiv]] || [[:uk:Чугуїв|Чугуїв]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 36,789 |- |[[Sambir]] || [[:uk:Самбір|Самбір]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 36,556 |- |[[Tokmak, Ukraine|Tokmak]] || [[:uk:Токмак|Токмак]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 36,275 |- |[[Boiarka]] || [[:uk:Боярка|Боярка]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 35,968 |- |[[Hlukhiv]] || [[:uk:Глухів|Глухів]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 35,768 |- |[[Dobropillia]] || [[:uk:Добропілля|Добропілля]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 35,638 |- |[[Starokostiantyniv]] || [[:uk:Старокостянтинів|Старокостянтинів]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 35,206 |- |[[Kirovsk, Ukraine|Kirovsk]] || [[:uk:Кіровськ|Кіровськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 35,199 |- |[[Vyshneve]] || [[:uk:Вишневе|Вишневе]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 34,465 |- |[[Netishyn]] || [[:uk:Нетішин|Нетішин]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 34,358 |- |[[Slavuta]] || [[:uk:Славута|Славута]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 34,340 |- |[[Mohyliv-Podilskyi]] || [[:uk:Могилів-Подільський|Могилів-Подільський]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 32,853 |- |[[Obukhiv]] || [[:uk:Обухів|Обухів]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 32,776 |- |[[Pervomaiskyi]] || [[:uk:Первомайський|Первомайський]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 32,523 |- |[[Kupiansk]] || [[:uk:Куп'янськ|Куп'янськ]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 32,449 |- |[[Balakliia]] || [[:uk:Балаклія|Балаклія]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 32,408 |- |[[Synelnykove]] || [[:uk:Синельникове|Синельникове]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 32,302 |- |[[Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi]] || [[:uk:Переяслав-Хмельницький|Переяслав-Хмельницький]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 31,634 |- |[[Alushta]] || [[:uk:Алушта|Алушта]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 31,440 |- |[[Truskavets]] || [[:uk:Трускавець|Трускавець]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 31,037 |- |[[Krasnoperekopsk]] || [[:uk:Красноперекопськ|Красноперекопськ]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 31,023 |- |[[Kirovske (Donetsk Oblast)|Kirovske]] || [[:uk:Кіровське|Кіровське]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 30,910 |- |[[Kostopil]] || [[:uk:Костопіль|Костопіль]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 30,467 |- |[[Debaltseve]] || [[:uk:Дебальцеве|Дебальцеве]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 30,246 |- |[[Perevalsk]] || [[:uk:Перевальск|Перевальск]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 29,665 |- |[[Saky]] || [[:uk:Саки|Саки]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 29,416 |- |[[Znamianka]] || [[:uk:Знам'янка|Знам'янка]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 29,412 |- |[[Ternivka]] || [[:uk:Тернівка|Тернівка]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 29,226 |- |[[Pershotravensk]] || [[:uk:Першотравенськ|Першотравенськ]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 29,140 |- |[[Khust]] || [[:uk:Хуст|Хуст]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 29,080 |- |[[Chortkiv]] || [[:uk:Чортків|Чортків]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 29,057 |- |[[Lebedyn]] || [[:uk:Лебедин|Лебедин]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 28,948 |- |[[Zolotonosha]] || [[:uk:Золотоноша|Золотоноша]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 28,793 |- |[[Bucha, Ukraine|Bucha]] || [[:uk:Буча (місто)|Буча]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 28,533 |- |[[Novyi Rozdil]] || [[:uk:Новий розділ|Новий розділ]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 28,227 |- |[[Krasnyi Lyman]] || [[:uk:Красний Лиман|Красний Лиман]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 28,172 |- |[[Sarny]] || [[:uk:Сарни|Сарни]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 28,144 |- |[[Malyn]] || [[:uk:Малин|Малин]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 28,113 |- |[[Khmilnyk]] || [[:uk:Хмільник|Хмільник]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 27,898 |- |[[Bakhchisaray]] || [[:uk:Бахчисарай|Бахчисарай]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| R || align=right| 27,549 |- |[[Selydove]] || [[:uk:Селидове|Селидове]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 26,793 |- |[[Berehove]] || [[:uk:Берегове|Берегове]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 26,735 |- |[[Kaniv]] || [[:uk:Канів|Канів]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 26,657 |- |[[Koziatyn]] || [[:uk:Козятин|Козятин]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 26,635 |- |[[Novoiavorivske]] || [[:uk:Новояворівське|Новояворівське]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 26,483 |- |[[Korostyshiv]] || [[:uk:Коростишів|Коростишів]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 26,068 |- |[[Popasna]] || [[:uk:Попасна|Попасна]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 25,951 |- |[[Vynohradiv]] || [[:uk:Виноградів|Виноградів]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 25,760 |- |[[Haisyn]] || [[:uk:Гайсин|Гайсин]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 25,640 |- |[[Molodohvardiysk]] || [[:uk:Молодогвардійськ|Молодогвардійськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 25,528 |- |[[Krolevets]] || [[:uk:Кролевець|Кролевець]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 25,183 |- |[[Merefa]] || [[:uk:Мерефа|Мерефа]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 25,018 |- |[[Volnovakha]] || [[:uk:Волноваха|Волноваха]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 24,647 |- |[[Zdolbuniv]] || [[:uk:Здолбунів|Здолбунів]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 24,612 |- |[[Kreminna]] || [[:uk:Кремінна|Кремінна]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 24,447 |- |[[Slavutych]] || [[:uk:Славутич|Славутич]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 24,402 |- |[[Dokuchaievsk]] || [[:uk:Докучаєвськ|Докучаєвськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 24,383 |- |[[Liubotyn]] || [[:uk:Люботин|Люботин]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 24,173 |- |[[Oleshky]] || [[:uk:Олешки|Олешки]] || [[Kherson Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 24,123 |- |[[Yuzhne]] || [[:uk:Южне|Южне]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 23,977 |- |[[Armiansk]] || [[:uk:Армянськ|Армянськ]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 23,869 |- |[[Vilnohirsk]] || [[:uk:Вільногірськ|Вільногірськ]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 23,782 |- |[[Yahotyn]] || [[:uk:Яготин|Яготин]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 23,659 |- |[[Sukhodilsk]] || [[:uk:Суходільськ|Суходільськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 23,642 |- |[[Zolochiv]] || [[:uk:Золочів|Золочів]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 23,481 |- |[[Trostianets]] || [[:uk:Тростянець|Тростянець]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 23,308 |- |[[Brody]] || [[:uk:Броди|Броди]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 23,239 |- |[[Polonne]] || [[:uk:Полонне|Полонне]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 23,211 |- |[[Vyshhorod]] || [[:uk:Вишгород|Вишгород]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 22,933 |- |[[Hadiach]] || [[:uk:Гадяч|Гадяч]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 22,698 |- |[[Krasnohrad]] || [[:uk:Красноград|Красноград]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 22,670 |- |[[Kilia, Ukraine|Kilia]] || [[:uk:Кілія|Кілія]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 22,594 |- |[[Starobilsk]] || [[:uk:Старобільськ|Старобільськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 22,371 |- |[[Ladyzhyn]] || [[:uk:Ладижин|Ладижин]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 22,219 |- |[[Polohy]] || [[:uk:Пологи|Пологи]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 22,206 |- |[[Amvrosiivka]] || [[:uk:Амвросіївка|Амвросіївка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 22,130 |- |[[Kremenets]] || [[:uk:Кременець|Кременець]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 22,051 |- |[[Henichesk]] || [[:uk:Генічеськ|Генічеськ]] || [[Kherson Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 21,793 |- |[[Sokal]] || [[:uk:Сокаль|Сокаль]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 21,693 |- |[[Kurakhove]] || [[:uk:Курахове|Курахове]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 21,479 |- |[[Dniprorudne]] || [[:uk:Дніпрорудне|Дніпрорудне]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 21,054 |- |[[Volochysk]] || [[:uk:Волочиськ|Волочиськ]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,958 |- |[[Nadvirna]] || [[:uk:Надвірна|Надвірна]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,932 |- |[[Dolyna]] || [[:uk:Долина|Долина]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,906 |- |[[Stebnyk]] || [[:uk:Стебник|Стебник]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,863 |- |[[Vovchansk]] || [[:uk:Вовчанськ|Вовчанськ]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,695 |- |[[Krasyliv]] || [[:uk:Красилів|Красилів]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,580 |- |[[Piatykhatky, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast|Piatykhatky]] || [[:uk:П'ятихатки|П'ятихатки]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,563 |- |[[Reni, Ukraine|Reni]] || [[:uk:Рені|Рені]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,481 |- |[[Bakhmach]] || [[:uk:Бахмач|Бахмач]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,332 |- |[[Derhachi]] || [[:uk:Дергачі|Дергачі]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,258 |- |[[Vatutine]] || [[:uk:Ватутіне|Ватутіне]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 20,156 |- |[[Kalynivka]] || [[:uk:Калинівка|Калинівка]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 20,061 |- |[[Balta, Ukraine|Balta]] || [[:uk:Балта|Балта]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 19,962 |- |[[Zvenyhorodka]] || [[:uk:Звенигородка|Звенигородка]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 19,901 |- |[[Zuhres]] || [[:uk:Зугрес|Зугрес]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 19,859 |- |[[Skadovsk]] || [[:uk:Скадовськ|Скадовськ]] || [[Kherson Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 19,641 |- |[[Svatove]] || [[:uk:Сватове|Сватове]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 19,495 |- |[[Shpola]] || [[:uk:Шпола|Шпола]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 19,427 |- |[[Novoukrainka]] || [[:uk:Новоукраїнка|Новоукраїнка]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 19,353 |- |[[Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi]] || [[:uk:Корсунь-Шевченківський|Корсунь-Шевченківський]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 19,311 |- |[[Lutuhyne]] || [[:uk:Лутугине|Лутугине]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 18,833 |- |[[Bilohirsk]] || [[:uk:Білогірськ|Білогірськ]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| R || align=right| 18,790 |- |[[Dolynska]] || [[:uk:Долинська|Долинська]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 18,768 |- |[[Iziaslav, Ukraine|Iziaslav]] || [[:uk:Ізяслав|Ізяслав]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 18,444 |- |[[Bilopillia]] || [[:uk:Білопілля|Білопілля]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 18,384 |- |[[Bohodukhiv]] || [[:uk:Богодухів|Богодухів]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 18,224 |- |[[Skvyra]] || [[:uk:Сквира|Сквира]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 18,126 |- |[[Karlivka]] || [[:uk:Карлівка|Карлівка]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,995 |- |[[Orikhiv]] || [[:uk:Оріхів|Оріхів]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,955 |- |[[Bilozerske]] || [[:uk:Білозерське|Білозерське]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,868 |- |[[Zolote]] || [[:uk:Золоте|Золоте]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,836 |- |[[Yunokomunarivsk]] || [[:uk:Рнокомунарівськ|Рнокомунарівськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,813 |- |[[Pidhorodne]] || [[:uk:Підгородне|Підгородне]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,763 |- |[[Rozdilna]] || [[:uk:Роздільна|Роздільна]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,754 |- |[[Horodok, Khmelnytskyi Oblast|Horodok]] || [[:uk:Городок|Городок]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,746 |- |[[Chervonopartyzansk]] || [[:uk:Червонопартизанськ|Червонопартизанськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,680 |- |[[Ilovaisk]] || [[:uk:Іловайськ|Іловайськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,620 |- |[[Berezhany]] || [[:uk:Бережани|Бережани]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,617 |- |[[Novohrodivka]] || [[:uk:Новогродівка|Новогродівка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 17,473 |- |[[Vuhledar]] || [[:uk:Вугледар|Вугледар]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,440 |- |[[Berezan]] || [[:uk:Березань|Березань]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 17,367 |- |[[Putyvl]] || [[:uk:Путивль|Путивль]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,354 |- |[[Bolhrad]] || [[:uk:Болград|Болград]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,353 |- |[[Bar, Ukraine|Bar]] || [[:uk:Бар|Бар]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,284 |- |[[Svaliava]] || [[:uk:Свалява|Свалява]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,145 |- |[[Bohuslav]] || [[:uk:Богуслав|Богуслав]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,135 |- |[[Huliaipole]] || [[:uk:Гуляйполе|Гуляйполе]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,077 |- |[[Zmiiv]] || [[:uk:Зміїв|Зміїв]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,063 |- |[[Ovruch]] || [[:uk:Овруч|Овруч]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 17,031 |- |[[Verkhnodniprovsk]] || [[:uk:Верхньодніпровськ|Верхньодніпровськ]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,976 |- |[[Ochakiv]] || [[:uk:Очаків|Очаків]] || [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 16,929 |- |[[Krasnohorivka]] || [[:uk:Красногорівка|Красногорівка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,714 |- |[[Kivertsi]] || [[:uk:Ківерці|Ківерці]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,678 |- |[[Pyriatyn]] || [[:uk:Пирятин|Пирятин]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,664 |- |[[Mykolaivka (city)|Mykolaivka]] || [[:uk:Миколаївка|Миколаївка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,620 |- |[[Chasiv Yar]] || [[:uk:Часів Яр|Часів Яр]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,612 |- |[[Vilniansk]] || [[:uk:Вільнянськ|Вільнянськ]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,522 |- |[[Dunaivtsi]] || [[:uk:Дунаївці|Дунаївці]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,448 |- |[[Apostolove]] || [[:uk:Апостолове|Апостолове]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,439 |- |[[Talne]] || [[:uk:Тальне|Тальне]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,388 |- |[[Artsyz]] || [[:uk:Арциз|Арциз]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,370 |- |[[Novyi Buh]] || [[:uk:Новий Буг|Новий Буг]] || [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,250 |- |[[Tulchyn]] || [[:uk:Тульчин|Тульчин]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,136 |- |[[Haivoron]] || [[:uk:Гайворон|Гайворон]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,126 |- |[[Horodok, Lviv Oblast|Horodok]] || [[:uk:Городок|Городок]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,082 |- |[[Hola Prystan]] || [[:uk:Гола Пристань|Гола Пристань]] || [[Kherson Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 16,028 |- |[[Nosivka]] || [[:uk:Носівка|Носівка]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,966 |- |[[Zhashkiv]] || [[:uk:Жашків|Жашків]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,853 |- |[[Horodysche]] || [[:uk:Городище|Городище]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,645 |- |[[Vasylivka]] || [[:uk:Василівка|Василівка]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,592 |- |[[Kamianka-Dniprovska]] || [[:uk:Кам'янка-Дніпровська|Кам'янка-Дніпровська]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,522 |- |[[Petrovske]] || [[:uk:Петровське|Петровське]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,478 |- |[[Beryslav]] || [[:uk:Берислав|Берислав]] || [[Kherson Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,455 |- |[[Snihurivka]] || [[:uk:Снігурівка|Снігурівка]] || [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,447 |- |[[Radomyshl]] || [[:uk:Радомишль|Радомишль]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,326 |- |[[Burshtyn]] || [[:uk:Бурштин|Бурштин]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,298 |- |[[Rakhiv]] || [[:uk:Рахів|Рахів]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,241 |- |[[Novhorod-Siverskyi]] || [[:uk:Новгород-Сіверський|Новгород-Сіверський]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,175 |- |[[Kamianka (Cherkasy Oblast)|Kamianka]] || [[:uk:Кам'янка|Кам'янка]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 15,109 |- |[[Tetiiv]] || [[:uk:Тетіїв|Тетіїв]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,944 |- |[[Mykolaiv, Lviv Oblast|Mykolaiv]] || [[:uk:Миколаїв|Миколаїв]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,801 |- |[[Ostroh]] || [[:uk:Острог|Острог]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 14,801 |- |[[Zelenodolsk, Ukraine|Zelenodolsk]] || [[:uk:Зеленодольськ|Зеленодольськ]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,792 |- |[[Vakhrusheve]] || [[:uk:Вахрушеве|Вахрушеве]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,773 |- |[[Khorol, Ukraine|Khorol]] || [[:uk:Хорол|Хорол]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,753 |- |[[Storozhynets]] || [[:uk:Сторожинець|Сторожинець]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,693 |- |[[Sudak]] || [[:uk:Судак|Судак]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| O || align=right| 14,495 |- |[[Siversk]] || [[:uk:Сіверськ|Сіверськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,393 |- |[[Koriukivka]] || [[:uk:Коррківка|Коррківка]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,318 |- |[[Biliaivka]] || [[:uk:Біляївка|Біляївка]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,294 |- |[[Hirnyk (city)|Hirnyk]] || [[:uk:Гірник|Гірник]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,207 |- |[[Ukrainka, Kiev Oblast|Ukrainka]] || [[:uk:Українка|Українка]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,163 |- |[[Nova Odesa]] || [[:uk:Нова Одеса|Нова Одеса]] || [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,070 |- |[[Horodnia]] || [[:uk:Городня|Городня]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 14,043 |- |[[Schastia]] || [[:uk:Щастя|Щастя]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,770 |- |[[Kaharlyk]] || [[:uk:Кагарлик|Кагарлик]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,757 |- |[[Zhdanivka]] || [[:uk:Жданівка|Жданівка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 13,688 |- |[[Berezne]] || [[:uk:Березне|Березне]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,669 |- |[[Terebovlia]] || [[:uk:Теребовля|Теребовля]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,661 |- |[[Vynnyky]] || [[:uk:Винники|Винники]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,654 |- |[[Rozhysche]] || [[:uk:Рожище|Рожище]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,636 |- |[[Yavoriv]] || [[:uk:Яворів|Яворів]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,510 |- |[[Zhovkva]] || [[:uk:Жовква|Жовква]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,474 |- |[[Tarascha]] || [[:uk:Тараща|Тараща]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,452 |- |[[Myronivka]] || [[:uk:Миронівка|Миронівка]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,368 |- |[[Bershad]] || [[:uk:Бершадь|Бершадь]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,336 |- |[[Ukrainsk]] || [[:uk:Українськ|Українськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,236 |- |[[Zbarazh]] || [[:uk:Збараж|Збараж]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,228 |- |[[Novomyrhorod]] || [[:uk:Новомиргород|Новомиргород]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,220 |- |[[Uzyn]] || [[:uk:Узин|Узин]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,217 |- |[[Svitlodarsk]] || [[:uk:Світлодарськ|Світлодарськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,184 |- |[[Soledar]] || [[:uk:Соледар|Соледар]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,151 |- |[[Bashtanka]] || [[:uk:Баштанка|Баштанка]] || [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,146 |- |[[Mala Vyska]] || [[:uk:Мала Виска|Мала Виска]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,132 |- |[[Teplohirsk]] || [[:uk:Теплогірськ|Теплогірськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 13,053 |- |[[Barvinkove]] || [[:uk:Барвінкове|Барвінкове]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,998 |- |[[Prymorsk]] || [[:uk:Приморськ|Приморськ]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,973 |- |[[Mena, Ukraine|Mena]] || [[:uk:Мена (місто)|Мена]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,940 |- |[[Hlobyne]] || [[:uk:Глобине|Глобине]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,902 |- |[[Hnivan]] || [[:uk:Гнівань|Гнівань]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,832 |- |[[Komsomolske]] || [[:uk:Комсомольське|Комсомольське]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,813 |- |[[Ichnia]] || [[:uk:Ічня|Ічня]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,780 |- |[[Novoazovsk]] || [[:uk:Новоазовськ|Новоазовськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,702 |- |[[Baranivka (city)|Baranivka]] || [[:uk:Баранівка|Баранівка]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,584 |- |[[Buchach]] || [[:uk:Бучач|Бучач]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,549 |- |[[Lokhvytsia]] || [[:uk:Лохвиця|Лохвиця]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,389 |- |[[Schors]] || [[:uk:Щорс|Щорс]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,315 |- |[[Bobrynets]] || [[:uk:Бобринець|Бобринець]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,300 |- |[[Nemyriv]] || [[:uk:Немирів|Немирів]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,082 |- |[[Kobeliaky]] || [[:uk:Кобеляки|Кобеляки]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 12,076 |- |[[Rodynske]] || [[:uk:Родинське|Родинське]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,996 |- |[[Chyhyryn]] || [[:uk:Чигирин|Чигирин]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,960 |- |[[Bobrovytsia]] || [[:uk:Бобровиця|Бобровиця]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,916 |- |[[Sosnivka]] || [[:uk:Соснівка|Соснівка]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,889 |- |[[Zhydachiv]] || [[:uk:Жидачів|Жидачів]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,798 |- |[[Yampil, Vinnytsia Oblast|Yampil]] || [[:uk:Ямпіль|Ямпіль]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,787 |- |[[Mospyne]] || [[:uk:Моспине|Моспине]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,736 |- |[[Borzna]] || [[:uk:Борзна|Борзна]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,707 |- |[[Shcholkine]] || [[:uk:Щолкіне|Щолкіне]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,699 |- |[[Buryn]] || [[:uk:Буринь|Буринь]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,678 |- |[[Kamianka-Buzka]] || [[:uk:Кам'янка-Бузька|Кам'янка-Бузька]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,674 |- |[[Hrebinka]] || [[:uk:Гребінка|Гребінка]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,662 |- |[[Khrystynivka]] || [[:uk:Христинівка|Христинівка]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,650 |- |[[Hirske]] || [[:uk:Гірське|Гірське]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,473 |- |[[Tavriisk]] || [[:uk:Таврійськ|Таврійськ]] || [[Kherson Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,452 |- |[[Borschiv]] || [[:uk:Борщів|Борщів]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,382 |- |[[Zymohiria]] || [[:uk:Зимогір'я|Зимогір'я]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,295 |- |[[Khotyn]] || [[:uk:Хотин|Хотин]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,216 |- |[[Illintsi]] || [[:uk:Іллінці|Іллінці]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 11,186 |- |[[Pomichna]] || [[:uk:Помічна|Помічна]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,946 |- |[[Olevsk]] || [[:uk:Олевськ|Олевськ]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,896 |- |[[Kamin-Kashyrskyi]] || [[:uk:Камінь-Каширський|Камінь-Каширський]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,818 |- |[[Tatarbunary]] || [[:uk:Татарбунари|Татарбунари]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,797 |- |[[Pohrebysche]] || [[:uk:Погребище|Погребище]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,754 |- |[[Marinka, Ukraine|Marinka]] || [[:uk:Мар'їнка|Мар'їнка]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,722 |- |[[Bolekhiv]] || [[:uk:Болехів|Болехів]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 10,633 |- |[[Inkerman]] || [[:uk:Інкерман|Інкерман]] || [[Sevastopol]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,628 |- |[[Zinkiv]] || [[:uk:Зіньків|Зіньків]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,577 |- |[[Khodoriv]] || [[:uk:Ходорів|Ходорів]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,565 |- |[[Sniatyn]] || [[:uk:Снятин|Снятин]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,479 |- |[[Derazhnia]] || [[:uk:Деражня|Деражня]] || [[Khmelnytskyi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,446 |- |[[Liuboml]] || [[:uk:Любомль|Любомль]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,395 |- |[[Valky]] || [[:uk:Валки|Валки]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,381 |- |[[Novodnistrovsk]] || [[:uk:Новодністровськ|Новодністровськ]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 10,342 |- |[[Radyvyliv]] || [[:uk:Радивилів|Радивилів]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,311 |- |[[Vuhlehirsk]] || [[:uk:Вуглегірськ|Вуглегірськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 10,309 |- |[[Sokyriany]] || [[:uk:Сокиряни|Сокиряни]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,258 |- |[[Verkhivtseve]] || [[:uk:Верхівцеве|Верхівцеве]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,142 |- |[[Zalischyky]] || [[:uk:Заліщики|Заліщики]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,125 |- |[[Staryi Krym]] || [[:uk:Старий Крим|Старий Крим]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,101 |- |[[Bilytske]] || [[:uk:Білицьке|Білицьке]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,093 |- |[[Pereschepyne]] || [[:uk:Перещепине|Перещепине]] || [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 10,041 |- |[[Andrushivka]] || [[:uk:Андрушівка (Андрушівський район)|Андрушівка]] || [[Zhytomyr Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,890 |- |[[Pustomyty]] || [[:uk:Пустомити|Пустомити]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,798 |- |[[Horodenka]] || [[:uk:Городенка|Городенка]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,794 |- |[[Tysmenytsia]] || [[:uk:Тисмениця|Тисмениця]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,790 |- |[[Tiachiv]] || [[:uk:Тячів|Тячів]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,786 |- |[[Semenivka (Chernihiv Oblast)|Semenivka]] || [[:uk:Семенівка|Семенівка]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,656 |- |[[Dubrovytsia]] || [[:uk:Дубровиця|Дубровиця]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,644 |- |[[Kodyma]] || [[:uk:Кодима|Кодима]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,634 |- |[[Irshava]] || [[:uk:Іршава|Іршава]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,515 |- |[[Berezivka]] || [[:uk:Березівка|Березівка]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,481 |- |[[Ananyiv]] || [[:uk:Ананьїв|Ананьїв]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,476 |- |[[Monastyrysche]] || [[:uk:Монастирище|Монастирище]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,463 |- |[[Lypovets]] || [[:uk:Липовець|Липовець]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,406 |- |[[Vylkove]] || [[:uk:Вилкове|Вилкове]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,260 |- |[[Radekhiv]] || [[:uk:Радехів|Радехів]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,230 |- |[[Mostyska]] || [[:uk:Мостиська|Мостиська]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,150 |- |[[Artemivsk, Luhansk Oblast|Artemivsk]] || [[:uk:Артемівськ|Артемівськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,097 |- |[[Novodruzhesk]] || [[:uk:Новодружеськ|Новодружеськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,025 |- |[[Chervonozavodske]] || [[:uk:Червонозаводське|Червонозаводське]] || [[Poltava Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,024 |- |[[Alupka]] || [[:uk:Алупка|Алупка]] || [[Crimea]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,018 |- |[[Horokhiv]] || [[:uk:Горохів|Горохів]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,015 |- |[[Pryvillia]] || [[:uk:Привілля|Привілля]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 9,004 |- |[[Chop, Ukraine|Chop]] || [[:uk:Чоп|Чоп]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 8,919 |- |[[Zastavna]] || [[:uk:Заставна|Заставна]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,866 |- |[[Zorynsk]] || [[:uk:Зоринськ|Зоринськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,838 |- |[[Tlumach]] || [[:uk:Тлумач|Тлумач]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,831 |- |[[Teplodar]] || [[:uk:Теплодар|Теплодар]] || [[Odessa Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 8,830 |- |[[Lanivtsi]] || [[:uk:Ланівці|Ланівці]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,680 |- |[[Busk, Ukraine|Busk]] || [[:uk:Буськ|Буськ]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,673 |- |[[Korets]] || [[:uk:Корець|Корець]] || [[Rivne Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,649 |- |[[Rohatyn]] || [[:uk:Рогатин|Рогатин]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,607 |- |[[Pivdenne]] || [[:uk:Південне|Південне]] || [[Kharkiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,516 |- |[[Dubliany]] || [[:uk:Дубляни|Дубляни]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,469 |- |[[Rzhyschiv]] || [[:uk:Ржищів|Ржищів]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 8,447 |- |[[Novoselytsia]] || [[:uk:Новоселиця|Новоселиця]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,400 |- |[[Vorozhba]] || [[:uk:Ворожба|Ворожба]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,384 |- |[[Kosiv]] || [[:uk:Косів|Косів]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,301 |- |[[Pochaiv]] || [[:uk:Почаїв|Почаїв]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,240 |- |[[Rava-Ruska]] || [[:uk:Рава-руська|Рава-руська]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 8,070 |- |[[Molochansk]] || [[:uk:Молочанськ|Молочанськ]] || [[Zaporizhia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,964 |- |[[Yaremcha]] || [[:uk:Яремча|Яремча]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 7,850 |- |[[Turka, Ukraine|Turka]] || [[:uk:Турка|Турка]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,681 |- |[[Kitsman]] || [[:uk:Кіцмань|Кіцмань]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,608 |- |[[Peremyshliany]] || [[:uk:Перемишляни|Перемишляни]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,565 |- |[[Ulianovka]] || [[:uk:Ульяновка|Ульяновка]] || [[Kirovohrad Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,526 |- |[[Seredyna-Buda]] || [[:uk:Середина-Буда|Середина-Буда]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,511 |- |[[Zboriv]] || [[:uk:Зборів|Зборів]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,436 |- |[[Khorostkiv]] || [[:uk:Хоростків|Хоростків]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,306 |- |[[Oster]] || [[:uk:Остер|Остер]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,194 |- |[[Sharhorod]] || [[:uk:Шаргород|Шаргород]] || [[Vinnytsia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,161 |- |[[Perechyn]] || [[:uk:Перечин|Перечин]] || [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,083 |- |[[Oleksandrivsk]] || [[:uk:Олександрівськ|Олександрівськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,045 |- |[[Kopychyntsi]] || [[:uk:Копичинці|Копичинці]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 7,036 |- |[[Skole]] || [[:uk:Сколе|Сколе]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 6,742 |- |[[Artemove]] || [[:uk:Артемове|Артемове]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 6,725 |- |[[Sudova Vyshnia]] || [[:uk:Судова Вишня|Судова Вишня]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 6,668 |- |[[Halych]] || [[:uk:Галич|Галич]] || [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 6,495 |- |[[Morshyn]] || [[:uk:Моршин|Моршин]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 6,482 |- |[[Monastyryska]] || [[:uk:Монастириська|Монастириська]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 6,344 |- |[[Miusynsk]] || [[:uk:Міусинськ|Міусинськ]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 6,029 |- |[[Vashkivtsi]] || [[:uk:Вашківці|Вашківці]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 5,987 |- |[[Velyki Mosty]] || [[:uk:Великі Мости|Великі Мости]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 5,925 |- |[[Druzhba (city)|Druzhba]] || [[:uk:Дружба|Дружба]] || [[Sumy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 5,726 |- |[[Staryi Sambir]] || [[:uk:Старий Самбір|Старий Самбір]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 5,706 |- |[[Shumsk]] || [[:uk:Шумськ|Шумськ]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 5,161 |- |[[Sviatohirsk]] || [[:uk:Святогірськ|Святогірськ]] || [[Donetsk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 5,136 |- |[[Almazna]] || [[:uk:Алмазна|Алмазна]] || [[Luhansk Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 5,061 |- |[[Vyzhnytsia]] || [[:uk:Вижниця|Вижниця]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 5,021 |- |[[Maydanets]] || [[:uk:Майданец|Майданец]] || [[Cherkasy Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 5,005 |- |[[Dobromyl]] || [[:uk:Добромиль|Добромиль]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 4,976 |- |[[Rudky]] || [[:uk:Рудки|Рудки]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 4,942 |- |[[Khyriv]] || [[:uk:Хирів|Хирів]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 4,590 |- |[[Skalat]] || [[:uk:Скалат|Скалат]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 4,036 |- |[[Komarno (Ukraine)|Komarno]] || [[:uk:Комарно|Комарно]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 3,994 |- |[[Bibrka]] || [[:uk:Бібрка|Бібрка]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 3,980 |- |[[Novyi Kalyniv]] || [[:uk:Новий Калинів|Новий Калинів]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 3,582 |- |[[Hlyniany]] || [[:uk:Глиняни|Глиняни]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 3,378 |- |[[Pidhaitsi]] || [[:uk:Підгайці|Підгайці]] || [[Ternopil Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 3,280 |- |[[Baturyn]] || [[:uk:Батурин|Батурин]] || [[Chernihiv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 3,078 |- |[[Belz]] || [[:uk:Белз|Белз]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 2,478 |- |[[Ustyluh]] || [[:uk:Устилуг|Устилуг]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 2,283 |- |[[Hertsa]] || [[:uk:Герца|Герца]] || [[Chernivtsi Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 2,068 |- |[[Berestechko]] || [[:uk:Берестечко|Берестечко]] || [[Volyn Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 1,904 |- |[[Uhniv]] || [[:uk:Угнів|Угнів]] || [[Lviv Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 1,021 |- |[[Chernobyl (city)|Chernobyl]] || [[:uk:Чорнобиль|Чорнобиль]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| R || align=right| 500 |- |[[Prypiat, Ukraine|Prypiat]] || [[:uk:Прип'ять (місто)|Прип'ять]] || [[Kiev Oblast]] || align=right| O || align=right| 0 |} ==Ceety status== Ceety status is providit in the follaein table {| class="wikitable" !Code!!Status!!Status (in [[Ukrainian leid|Ukrainian]])!!Nummer o Ceeties |- | '''S'''||Special status<br>(previously: City of Republican subordinance)||Спеціальний статус<br>(previously: Місто республіканського підпорядкування)||align= right| 2<br>(Kiev and Sevastopol) |- | '''O'''||Ceety o oblast (or republican in Crimea) subordinance||Місто обласного значення||align=right| 178 |- | '''R'''||Ceety o raion subordinance||Місто районного значення||align= right| 279 |} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://gska2.rada.gov.ua/pls/z7502/a002 Regions o Ukraine an their composition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716210539/http://gska2.rada.gov.ua/pls/z7502/a002 |date=2010-07-16 }} {{uk icon}} * [http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/results/total_population1/structure_population/ 2001 Ukrainian census, Population Structur] {{uk icon}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120728083435/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1120760399&men=gcis&lng=en&gln=xx&dat=32&geo=-220&srt=1npn&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=x World Gazetteer: Cities of Ukraine] {{Ukraine topics}} {{Airticles on third-level admeenistrative diveesions o kintras}} {{Leet o ceeties in Europe}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Leet O Ceeties In Ukraine}} [[Category:Ceeties in Ukraine| ]] [[Category:Subdiveesions o Ukraine|Cities]] [[Category:Leets o ceeties bi kintra|Ukraine, Leet o ceeties in]] [[Category:Ukraine geografie-relatit leets|Cities]] [[Category:Leets o ceeties in Europe|Ukraine]] [[Category:Demografics o Ukraine]] pn94gea2ckj1ongz6veytuz3erka34s 0 49119 918391 896697 2026-06-19T22:29:27Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox swimmer | name = Nathan Adrian | image = Nathan Adrian Rio 2016b.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = | fullname = Nathan Ghar-jun Adrian<ref>{{cite news|title = Best moments of the Calympics|last = |first = |url = http://www.dailycal.org/2012/07/09/best-moments-of-the-calympics/|newspaper = The Daily Californian|publisher = |date = 2012-07-07|archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/69d6ticMD?url=http://www.dailycal.org/2012/07/09/best-moments-of-the-calympics/|archivedate = 2012-08-03|accessdate = 2012-08-02|url-status = live}}</ref> | nationality = {{USA}} | strokes = [[Freestyle swimmin|Freestyle]] | club = | collegeteam = [[Californie Gowden Beirs|Varsity o Californie, Berkeley]] | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1988|12|7|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Bremerton, Washington]] | death_date = | death_place = | height = 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athlete/adrian-nathan-1133135/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-01-28 |archive-date=2013-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123121630/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/adrian-nathan-1133135/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | weight = {{convert|225|lb|kg|abbr=on}} | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport | Men's [[soummin (sport)|soummin]]}} {{MedalCountry | the {{USA}} }} {{MedalOlympics}} {{MedalGold|[[2008 Simmer Olympics|2008 Beijing]]|[[Swimmin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100&nbsp;m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2012 Simmer Olympics|2012 Lunnon]]|[[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle|100&nbsp;m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold|2012 Lunnon|[[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay|4×100&nbsp;m medley]]}} {{MedalSilver|2012 Lunnon|[[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100&nbsp;m freestyle]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FINA Warld Championships|Warld Championships (LC)]]}} {{MedalGold|[[Swimmin at the 2009 Warld Aquatics Championships|2009 Rome]]| [[Swimmin at the 2009 Warld Aquatics Championships – Men's 4x100m freestyle relay|4×100&nbsp;m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold|2009 Roum|[[Swimmin at the 2009 Warld Aquatics Championships – Men's 4x100m medley relay|4×100&nbsp;m medley]]}} {{MedalGold| [[2011 Warld Aquatics Championships|2011 Shanghai]] | [[Swimmin at the 2011 Warld Aquatics Championships – Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay|4×100&nbsp;m medley]]}} {{MedalBronze|2011 Shanghai|[[Swimmin at the 2011 Warld Aquatics Championships – Men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100&nbsp;m freestyle]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FINA Warld Swimming Championships (25 m)|Warld Championships (SC)]]}} {{MedalGold| [[2008 FINA Short Course Warld Championships|2008 Manchester]] | 100&nbsp;m freestyle}} {{MedalGold| 2008 Manchester | 4×100&nbsp;m freestyle}} {{MedalSilver| 2008 Manchester |4×100&nbsp;m medley}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Pan Paceefic Swimmin Championships|Pan Paceefic Championships]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2010 Pan Paceefic Swimmin Championships|2010 Irvine]]|50&nbsp;m freestyle}} {{MedalGold|2010 Irvine|100&nbsp;m freestyle}} {{MedalGold|2010 Irvine|4×100&nbsp;m freestyle}} {{MedalGold|2010 Irvine|4×100&nbsp;m medley}} }} '''Nathan Ghar-jun Adrian''' (born December 7, 1988) is an American [[soummin (sport)|soummer]] an three-time [[Olympic Gemmes|Olympic]] [[gowd medal]]ist who currently haulds the [[Leet o Unitit States records in swimmin|American record]] in the 50 an 100-yard freestyle (short course) events.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/results/records/AmericanRecords_SCY.pdf|title=Men's short course Yards American records|publisher =''Swimming World Magazine''|accessdate=2010-08-27}}</ref> ==Personal bests== {| |- || {| class="wikitable" |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" ! colspan="5" | Lang course |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" | '''Event''' | align="center" | '''Time''' | align="center" | '''Meet''' | align="center" | '''Date''' | align="center" | '''Note(s)''' |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" |- | 50&nbsp;m freestyle || align="center" | '''21.46''' |[[2009 Warld Aquatics Championships]] |Julie 31, 2009 | |- | 100&nbsp;m freestyle || align="center" | '''47.52 ''' |[[2012 Simmer Olympics]] |August 4, 2012 | |} || {| class="wikitable" |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" ! colspan="5" | Short course |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" | '''Event''' | align="center" | '''Time''' | align="center" | '''Meet''' | align="center" | '''Date''' | align="center" | '''Note(s)''' |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" |- | 50&nbsp;m freestyle || align="center" | '''20.71''' |[[2009 Duel in the Pool]] |December 19, 2009 | |- | 100&nbsp;m freestyle || align="center" | '''45.08''' |2009 Duel in the Pool |December 19, 2009 |'''[[Leet o Americas records in swimmin|AM]]''', '''[[Leet o Unitit States records in swimmin|NR]]''' |} |} ==References== {{Reflist|2}} ==Fremmit airtins== * [http://www.usaswimming.org/DesktopModules/BioViewManaged.aspx?personid=df1f8d94-c89f-4032-ba40-a4ad20818348&TabId=1453&Mid=10312 Nathan Adrian] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728150049/http://www.usaswimming.org/DesktopModules/BioViewManaged.aspx?personid=df1f8d94-c89f-4032-ba40-a4ad20818348&TabId=1453&Mid=10312 |date=2011-07-28 }} &ndash; Naitional Team swimmer profile at USASoumming.org * [http://calbears.cstv.com/sports/m-swim/mtt/adrian_nathan00.html Nathan Adrian] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303000216/http://calbears.cstv.com/sports/m-swim/mtt/adrian_nathan00.html |date=2009-03-03 }} &ndash; Varsity o Californie athlete profile at CalBears.com * {{Twitter|nathangadrian|Nathan Adrian}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Adrian, Nathan}} [[Category:1988 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:American male freestyle soummers]] [[Category:American fowk o Hong Kong strynd]] [[Category:Californie Gowden Beirs soummers]] [[Category:Umwhile warld record hauders in soummin]] [[Category:Medallists at the FINA Warld Soummin Championships (25 m)]] [[Category:Olympic gowd medallists for the Unitit States]] [[Category:Olympic siller medallists for the Unitit States]] [[Category:Olympic medallists in soummin]] [[Category:Olympic soummers o the Unitit States]] [[Category:Fowk frae Bremerton, Washington]] [[Category:Soummers at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Soummers at the 2012 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Soummers at the 2016 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Warld Aquatics Championships medallists in soummin]] 3rkvv8v0eu1h2r2dxki7hbdyny1ibj9 0 49306 918435 894009 2026-06-20T05:23:21Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Fix Scots}} {{MedalTableTop}} {{MedalSport | Weemen's [[Judo]]}} {{MedalCountry | {{JPN}} }} {{MedalCompetition|Olympic Gemmes}} {{MedalGold| [[2000 Simmer Olympics|2000 Sydney]] | [[Judo at the 2000 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 48 kg|- 48kg]]}} {{MedalGold| [[2004 Simmer Olympics|2004 Athens]] | [[Judo at the 2004 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 48 kg|- 48kg]]}} {{MedalSilver| [[1992 Simmer Olympics|1992 Barcelona]] | [[Judo at the 1992 Simmer Olympics|- 48kg]]}} {{MedalSilver| [[1996 Simmer Olympics|1996 Atlanta]] | [[Judo at the 1996 Simmer Olympics - Weemen's 48 kg|- 48kg]]}} {{MedalBronze| [[2008 Simmer Olympics|2008 Beijing]] | [[Judo at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 48 kg|- 48kg]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Warld Judo Championships|Warld Championships]]}} {{MedalGold|[[1993 Warld Judo Championships|1993 Hamilton]] | -48 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[1995 Warld Judo Championships|1995 Chiba]] | -48 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[1997 Warld Judo Championships|1997 Paris]] | -48 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[1999 Warld Judo Championships|1999 Birmingham]] | -48 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2001 Warld Judo Championships|2001 Munich]] | -48 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2003 Warld Judo Championships|2003 Osaka]] | -48 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2007 Warld Judo Championships|2007 Rio de Janeiro]] | -48 kg}} {{MedalBronze|[[1991 Warld Judo Championships|1991 Barcelona]] | -48 kg}} {{MedalCompetition | [[Asie Gemmes]]}} {{MedalGold | [[1994 Asian Gemmes|1994 Hiroshima]] | [[Judo at the 1994 Asian Gemmes|-48 kg]]}} {{MedalCompetition | [[Asian Judo Championships|Asian Championships]]}} {{MedalBronze | [[1991 Asian Judo Championships|1991 Osaka]] | -48 kg }} {{MedalCompetition | [[Universiade]]}} {{MedalGold | [[1995 Simmer Universiade|1995 Fukuoka]] | [[Judo at the 1995 Simmer Universiade|-48 kg]] }} {{MedalBottom}} {{nihongo|'''Ryoko Tani'''|谷 亮子|Tani Ryōko|extra=née '''Tamura''' {{nihongo||田村|}}, born September 6, 1975 in [[Fukuoka, Fukuoka]]}} is a [[Japan]]ese female umwhile [[judo]]ka an current (2012) politeecian. She uised tae wirk for [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]]. ==Career== She is kent as 'Yawara-chan'or 'Tawara' (frae the title character o ''[[Yawara! A Fashionable Judo Girl|Yawara!]]'', a popular judo [[manga]]). Syne she wan the Internaitional Weemen's Judo Championships in 1990, 'Yawara-chan' haes gone on tae win the event ilka year.{{cn|date=August 2012}} She haes a record seiven warld titles an she brocht hame the 48&nbsp;kg-category gowd medal frae Sydney Olympics in 2000 an the Athens Olympics in 2004. Her 84-match winnin streak wis finally brakit in 1996 bi North Korea's [[Kye Sun Hui]]. She hauds a fowert dan. In 2003, she mairret [[Yoshitomo Tani]], an Olympian an professional basebaw player then wi the [[Orix Blue Wave]] (nou wi the [[Yomiuri Giants]]). The weddin reception reportitly cost $3 million.<ref>Martin, Alex, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20110606041940/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20100510x2.html DPJ to field judo star Tani as candidate]", ''[[Japan Times]]'', May 10, 2010, p. 1.</ref> In Beijing in 2008 Tani, that haedna been beat in a major internaitional competition syne the Atlanta Gemms in 1996, saw her hopes o a third-stracht gowd evaporate when judges awairded penalty pynts tae Romanie's [[Alina Dumitru]] efter baith competitors failt tae shaw ower muckle aggression. Leukin stunned, Tani focht desperately efter the final controversial penalty caw, but wi anely seiconts left she haed nae time tae munt an attack.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2008081061261800.htm&date=2008%2F08%2F10%2F&prd=th& |title=Archived copy |access-date=2021-08-25 |archive-date=2011-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606123907/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2008081061261800.htm&date=2008%2F08%2F10%2F&prd=th& |url-status=dead }}</ref> She defeatit Roushie's [[Lyudmila Bogdanova]] for bronze. She gaint her fift Olympic medal wi the bronze. Along wi Cuba's [[Driulys González]] an Australie's [[Mária Pekli]], Tani becam in 2008 the first female judoka tae compete at five Olympics. The anely ither judokas tae compete at [[Leet o athletes wi the maist appearances at Olympic Gemmes|five Olympics]] are Belgian [[Robert Van de Walle]] an Puerto Rican judoka-bobsledder [[Jorge Bonnet]]. ==See as weel== *[[Leet o multiple Olympic medallists in ane event]] ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== * {{Sports-reference|ta/ryoko-tamura-tani-1.html}} * [http://www.taniryoko.jp/ Ryoko Tani official page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424021941/http://www.taniryoko.jp/ |date=2013-04-24 }} {{ja icon}} * [http://www.olympic.org/uk/news/olympic_news/newsletter_full_story_uk.asp?id=2308 International Olympic Committee] * [http://www.judovision.org/?s=Ryoko+Tani Videos of Ryoko Tani] (judovision.org) {{DEFAULTSORT:Tani, Ryoko}} [[Category:1975 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Japanese judoka]] [[Category:Olympic judoka o Japan]] [[Category:Olympic gowd medallists for Japan]] [[Category:Olympic siller medallists for Japan]] [[Category:Olympic bronze medallists for Japan]] [[Category:Judoka at the 1992 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Judoka at the 1996 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Judoka at the 2000 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Judoka at the 2004 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Judoka at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Toyota fowk]] [[Category:Japanese sportsfowk–politeecians]] [[Category:Female memmers o the Hoose o Councillors]] [[Category:Democratic Pairty o Japan politeecians]] [[Category:Fowk frae Fukuoka (ceety)]] [[Category:Olympic medallists in judo]] [[Category:Asie Gemmes medallists in judo]] 2nndn411ckb9aqlqjdgtq7t0h839g5l 0 49454 918346 916894 2026-06-19T13:56:38Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox sportsperson |name= Kōhei Uchimura |image= Kohei Uchimura (2011).jpg |imagesize= 230px |caption= Kōhei Uchimura in 2011 |fullname= |country= {{JPN}} |formercountry= |birth_date= {{birth date and age|1989|01|03}} |birth_place= [[Kitakyushu]], [[Fukuoka Prefectur]] |hometown=[[Isahaya, Nagasaki|Isahaya Ceety]], [[Nagasaki Prefectur]] |height= 5 ft 3.5 in (1.61 m) |weight= 55kg |discipline=MAG |level= |natlteam= |club=KONAMI |gym= |coach= Hiroyuki Kato |assistcoach= Yoghiaki Hatakeda, Koji Gushiken |formercoach=[[Naoya Tsukahara]] |choreographer= |music= |retired= |show-medals = yes |medaltemplates= <!-- see [[Template:MedalRelatedTemplates]] --> {{MedalCount |[[Simmer Olympics|Olympic Gemmes]]|3|4|0 |[[Warld Airteestic Gymnastics Championships|Warld Championships]]|10|5|4 |[[Airteestic Gymnastics Warld Cup|Warld Cup Final]]|0|1|0 |[[Simmer Universiade]]|2|0|1 |'''Tot'''|'''15'''|'''10'''|'''5''' }} {{MedalOlympic}} {{MedalGold|[[2012 Simmer Olympics|2012 Lunnon]]|[[Gymnastics at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's airtistic individual aw-aroond|Aw-Aroond]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2016 Simmer Olympics|2016 Rio de Janeiro]]|[[Gymnastics at the 2016 Simmer Olympics – Men's airteestic team aw-aroond|Team]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2016 Simmer Olympics|2016 Rio de Janeiro]]|[[Gymnastics at the 2016 Simmer Olympics – Men's airteestic individual all-aroond|Aw-Aroond]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[2008 Simmer Olympics|2008 Beijing]]|[[Gymnastics at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's iartistic team all-around|Team]]}} {{MedalSilver|2008 Beijing|[[Gymnastics at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's airtistic individual aw-aroond|Aw-Aroond]]}} {{MedalSilver|2012 Lunnon|[[Gymnastics at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's airtistic team aw-aroond|Team]]}} {{MedalSilver|2012 London|[[Gymnastics at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's floor|Floor Exercise]]}} {{MedalCompetition | [[Warld Airtistic Gymnastics Championships|Warld Championships]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2009 Warld Airtistic Gymnastics Championships|2009 Lunnon]]|Aw-Aroond}} {{MedalGold|[[2010 Warld Airtistic Gymnastics Championships|2010 Rotterdam]]|Aw-Aroond}} {{MedalGold|[[2011 Warld Airtistic Gymnastics Championships|2011 Tokyo]]|Aw-Aroond}} {{MedalGold|2011 Tokyo|Fluir}} {{MedalGold|[[2013 Warld Airtistic Gymnastics Championships|2013 Antwerp]]|Aw-Aroond}} {{MedalGold|2013 Antwerp|Parallel Bars}} {{MedalGold|[[2014 Warld Airteestic Gymnastics Championships|2014 Nanning]]|Aw-Aroond}} {{MedalGold|[[2015 Warld Airteestic Gymnastics Championships|2015 Glesga]]|Team}} {{MedalGold|[[2015 Warld Airteestic Gymnastics Championships|2015 Glesga]]|Aw-Aroond}} {{MedalGold|[[2015 Warld Airteestic Gymnastics Championships|2015 Glesga]]|Horizontal Bar}} {{MedalSilver|2010 Rotterdam|Team}} {{MedalSilver|2010 Rotterdam|Fluir}} {{MedalSilver|2011 Tokyo|Team}} {{MedalSilver|2014 Nanning|Team}} {{MedalSilver|2014 Nanning|Horizontal Bar}} {{MedalBronze|2010 Rotterdam|Parallel bars}} {{MedalBronze|2011 Tokyo|Heich Bar}} {{MedalBronze|2013 Antwerp|Fluir}} {{MedalBronze|2013 Antwerp|Heich Bar}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Airtistic Gymnastics Warld Cup|Warld Cup]]}} {{MedalGold|2008 Tianjin|Fluir}} {{MedalGold|2009 Cottbus|Fluir}} {{MedalGold|2010 Paris|Heich Bar}} {{MedalSilver|2010 Paris|Rings}} {{MedalBronze|2007 Paris|Vault}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Simmer Universiade]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2007 Simmer Universiade|2007 Bangkok]]| Team}} {{MedalGold|[[2007 Simmer Universiade|2007 Bangkok]]| Fluir}} {{MedalBronze|[[2007 Simmer Universiade|2007 Bangkok]]| Vault}} }} {{nihongo|'''Kōhei Uchimura'''|内村 航平||born Januar 3, 1989 in [[Kitakyushu]], [[Fukuoka Prefectur]]}} is a [[Japan]]ese [[Airtistic gymnastics|airtistic gymnast]].<ref name =SRKU>[http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/uc/kohei-uchimura-1.html Sports Reference] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081231031756/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/uc/kohei-uchimura-1.html |date=2008-12-31 }} Kohei Uchimura</ref> He is a five-time Olympic medallist (aw-aroond, team an floor exercise), winnin a gowd an fower sillers, a nine-time Warld medallist (aw-aroond, team, floor, heich bar, an parallel bars) an is considered bi mony tae be the greatest male gymnast o aw time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/london-olympics-2012/articles/gymnastics/2012/08/04/uchimura-goat-no-says-comaneci|title=uchimura-goat-no-says-comaneci|accessdate=20 November 2012|publisher=Reuters|archive-date=2012-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805233923/http://www.reuters.com/london-olympics-2012/articles/gymnastics/2012/08/04/uchimura-goat-no-says-comaneci|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2012/jul/13/london-2012-kohei-uchimura-gymnastics|title=london-2012-kohei-uchimura-gymnastics|accessdate=20 November 2012|publisher=Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ca.sports.yahoo.com/blogs/olympics-fourth-place-medal/kohei-uchimura-wins-around-gold-proves-pretty-much-185139398--oly.html|title=Kohei Uchimura wins all-around gold, proves he’s pretty much the best gymnast ever|accessdate=20 November 2012|publisher=Guardian|archive-date=2013-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007001109/http://ca.sports.yahoo.com/blogs/olympics-fourth-place-medal/kohei-uchimura-wins-around-gold-proves-pretty-much-185139398--oly.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> He is weel-kent for becomin the first gymnast (male or female) tae win ivery major aw-aroond title in a single Olympic cycle, includin three consecutive warld aw aroond titles (2009, 2010 an 2011)<ref name=Guardian>{{cite news|title=London 2012: Kohei Uchimura can bring perfection back to gymnastics|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2012/jul/13/london-2012-kohei-uchimura-gymnastics|accessdate=13 July 2012|newspaper=The Guardian|date=13 July 2012|author=Emma John}}</ref> an the 2012 Olympic Aw-Aroond Champion. He is kent for deliverin difficult an accurately executit routines an aw. His gymnastics skills wis praised bi ''Internaitional Gymnast Magazine'' as a "combination o tremendous difficulty, supreme consistency an extraordinary elegance o performance."<ref name = IGMDec2010>International Gymnast Magazine December 2010, "Superman", by Christian Ivanov, page 52</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{cite news |publisher=New York Times |title=The Near Perfection of Kohei Uchimura |author=Lisa Katayama |date=2012-07-20 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/22/sports/olympics/the-near-perfection-of-kohei-uchimura.html?_r=1&hpw}} * {{Fig|id=5857|name=Kohei Uchimura}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121031043355/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/uchimura-kohei-1018136/ London 2012 Olympics profile] {{commonscat|Kōhei Uchimura}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Uchimura, Kohei}} [[Category:1989 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Medallists at the Warld Airteestic Gymnastics Championships]] [[Category:Japanese male airtistic gymnasts]] [[Category:Olympic gymnasts o Japan]] [[Category:Gymnasts at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Gymnasts at the 2012 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Gymnasts at the 2016 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Olympic gowd medallists for Japan]] [[Category:Olympic siller medallists for Japan]] [[Category:Olympic medallists in gymnastics]] [[Category:Medallists at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Medallists at the 2012 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Medallists at the 2016 Simmer Olympics]] eci3w0e4tuqwr35mmlbtn267zocg6q1 0 49939 918349 885625 2026-06-19T14:26:42Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918349 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Phelpsbeijing.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Michael Phelps haulds five individual an three team Olympic soummin records.]] The [[Internaitional Olympic Committee]] recognises the fastest performances in pool-based [[Soummin at the Simmer Olympics|soummin events]] at the [[Olympic Gemmes]]. Men's soummin haes been pairt o the Simmer Olympics syne the Gemmes' modren inception in 1896; it wis nae til 1912 that weemen competit against each ether. The soummin events at the [[1896 Olympic Gemmes]] wur held in a bay in the [[Aegean Sea]] wi soummers bein required tae soum tae the shore—Hungarian soummer [[Alfréd Hajós]] wan twa gowd medals that year, sayin "My will tae live completely owercame my desire tae win."<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.olympic.org/uk/athletes/profiles/bio_uk.asp?PAR_I_ID=58180 | title = Profiles -> Alfred Hajos | accessdate = 2008-09-05 | work = Official website of the Olympic Movement}}</ref> The [[1900 Olympic Gemmes|1900]] Gemmes in Paris saw the soummin events tak place in the [[River Seine]] while the [[1908 Simmer Olympics|1908]] events wur hostit in a 100&nbsp;m pool locatit within an athletics track in the [[White Ceety Stadium]] in Lunnon.<ref name=swim/> Races are held in fower [[soummin strokes]]: [[freestyle swimmin|freestyle]], [[backstroke]], [[breaststroke]] an [[Butterflee stroke|butterflee]], ower varyin distances an in aither individual or [[relay race]] events. In the [[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics|2012 Olympic Gemmes]] in [[Lunnon]], baith men an weemen competit in saxteen events in the pool, each sex in the same events wi the exceptions o the 800&nbsp;m freestyle (weemen-anly) an the 1500&nbsp;m freestyle (men-anly).<ref name=swim>{{Cite web | url = http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/programme/disciplines_uk.asp?DiscCode=SW | title = Aquatics – Swimming | accessdate = 2008-09-03 | work = Official website of the Olympic Movement}}</ref> O the 32 pool-based events, soummers frae the [[Unitit States]] hauld saxteen records, [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|Cheenae]] five, [[Australie]] fower, the [[Netherlands]] twa, an ane each tae [[Brasil]], [[Fraunce]], [[Great Breetain]], [[Hungary]], an [[Sooth Africae]]. __TOC__ {{clear}} ==Men's records== [[Image:Filhopodium50.jpg|right|thumb|upright|César Cielo Filho]] [[File:Ryan Lochte cropped.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Ryan Lochte]] ''♦ denotes a performance that is also a current [[Warld records in swimmin|warld record]]. Statistics are correct as o 29 Julie 2012, durin the [[2012 Simmer Olympics]] in Lunnon an include only those events which are currently recognised bi the [[IOC]] as Olympic events.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" !style="width:13em"|Event !class=unsortable style="width:5em"|Record !style="width:15em"|Name !style="width:12em"|Naition !style="width:9em"|Gemmes !Date !class=unsortable|Ref |- |{{sort|00050|50&nbsp;m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|21.30&nbsp; |{{sortname|César|Cielo Filho}} |{{flagIOCteam|BRA|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics - Men's 50 metre freestyle|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|16|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/resultsandschedules/rsc=SWM010100/index.html |title=Swimming 50m freestyle Progression |work=Olympic and World Records |publisher=[[IOC]] |accessdate=2008-08-15 |archive-date=2009-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091103152152/http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/resultsandschedules/rsc=SWM010100/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{sort|00100|100&nbsp;m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|47.05&nbsp; |{{sortname|Eamon|Sullivan}} |{{flagIOCteam|AUS|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|13|link=off}} |align=center|{{ref label|Sullivan|A|}} |- |{{sort|00200|200&nbsp;m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|1:42.96&nbsp; |{{sortname|Michael|Phelps}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 200 metre freestyle|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|12|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web |author=Jason Stallman|title=Phelps wins third gold|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/12/sports/olympics/12phelpsweb.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2008-08-11|accessdate=2008-09-07}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00400|400&nbsp;m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|3:40.14&nbsp; |{{sortname|Sun|Yang}} |{{flagIOCteam|CHN|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's 400 metre freestyle|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|28|link=off}} |align=center| |- |{{sort|01500|1500&nbsp;m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|♦14:31.02&nbsp; |{{sortname|Sun|Yang}} |{{flagIOCteam|CHN|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's 1500 metre freestyle|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|04|link=off}} |align=center| |- |{{sort|00100|100 m [[backstroke]]}} |align=right|52.16&nbsp; |{{sortname|Matt|Grevers}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's 100 metre backstroke|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|30|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|title=2012 London Olympics: Matt Grevers Sets Olympic Record in 100 Back Win; Nick Thoman Gives U.S. 1-2 Finish|url=http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/lane9/news/World/31465.asp?q=2012-London-Olympics:-Matt-Grevers-Sets-Olympic-Record-in-100-Back-Win;-Nick-Thoman-Gives-U.S.-1-2-Finish|publisher=''[[Swimming World Magazine]]''|date=30 July 2012|accessdate=30 July 2012}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00200|200 m [[backstroke]]}} |align=right|1:53.41&nbsp; |{{sortname|Tyler|Clary}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's 200 metre backstroke|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|02|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/swimming/event/men-200m-backstroke/index.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-12-16 |archive-date=2012-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112231507/http://www.london2012.com/swimming/event/men-200m-backstroke/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{sort|00100|100 m [[breaststroke]]}} |align=right|♦58.46&nbsp; |{{sortname|Cameron|van der Burgh}} |{{flagIOCteam|RSA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's 100 metre breaststroke|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|29|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|title=2012 London Olympics: Cameron van der Burgh's World Record Ends Kosuke Kitajima's Threepeat Bid in 100 Breast|url=http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/lane9/news/World/31443.asp?q=2012-London-Olympics:-Cameron-van-der-Burgh's-World-Record-Ends-Kosuke-Kitajima's-Threepeat-Big-in-100-Breast|publisher=''[[Swimming World Magazine]]''|date=29 July 2012|accessdate=29 July 2012}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00200|200 m [[breaststroke]]}} |align=right|2:07.28&nbsp; |{{sortname|Dániel|Gyurta}} |{{flagIOCteam|HUN|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Men's 200 metre breaststroke|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|01|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|title=2012 London Olympics: Hungary's Daniel Gyurta Breaks World Record in 200 Breast Victory; Kosuke Kitajima Misses Podium in Threepeat Bid; Scott Weltz, Clark Burckle Fifth-Sixth|url=http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/lane9/news/World/31520.asp?q=2012-London-Olympics:-Hungary's-Daniel-Gyurta-Breaks-World-Record-in-200-Breast-Victory;-Kosuke-Kitajima-Misses-Podium-in-Threepeat-Bid;-Scott-Weltz,-Clark-Burckle-Fifth-Sixth|publisher=''[[Swimming World Magazine]]''|date=1 August 2012|accessdate=2 August 2012}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00100|100 m [[Butterflee stroke|butterflee]]}} |align=right|50.58&nbsp; |{{sortname|Michael|Phelps}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterflee|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|16|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/records/results_uk.asp?DIS_S_CODE=SW&GET_C_ID=M&GET_C_OL=1&GET_C_WO=&EVT_S_CODE=021&RESULT=TRUE | work = Official website of the Olympic Movement | accessdate = 2008-09-07 | title = Swimming – 100m butterfly – Progression}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00200|200 m [[Butterflee stroke|butterflee]]}} |align=right|1:52.03&nbsp; |{{sortname|Michael|Phelps}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 200 metre butterflee|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|13|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web|author=Jason Stallman|title=Phelps captures 4th gold of games|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/13/sports/olympics/13phelpsweb.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2008-08-12|accessdate=2008-09-07}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00200|200 m individual [[Medley swimmin|medley]]}} |align=right|1:54.23&nbsp; |{{sortname|Michael|Phelps}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 200 metre individual medley|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|15|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-08/15/content_9331583.htm</ref> |- |{{sort|00400|400 m individual [[Medley swimmin|medley]]}} |align=right|♦4:03.84&nbsp; |{{sortname|Michael|Phelps}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 400 metre individual medley|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|14|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|first=Alan|last=Abrahamson|title=One down for Phelps|url=http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/news/newsid=188657.html|publisher=''[[NBC]]''|date=2008-08-09|accessdate=2008-08-09|archive-date=2008-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080816005155/http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/news/newsid=188657.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00101|4×100 m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]] relay}} |align=right|♦3:08.24&nbsp; |[[Michael Phelps]] (47.51)<br/>[[Garrett Weber-Gale]] (47.02)<br/>[[Cullen Jones]] (47.65)<br/>[[Jason Lezak]] (46.06) |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|11|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web|title=Lezak tracks down French in relay|url=http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/news/newsid=188791.html|publisher=[[NBC]]|accessdate=2008-08-09|archive-date=2008-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080816005136/http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/news/newsid=188791.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00201|4×200 m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]] relay}} |align=right|6:58.56&nbsp; |[[Michael Phelps]] (1:43.31)<br/>[[Ryan Lochte]] (1:44.28)<br/>[[Ricky Berens]] (1:46.29)<br/>[[Peter Vanderkaay]] (1:44.68) |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|13|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>http://deportespe.terra.com.pe/olympics2008/interna/0,,OI3085345-EI12185,00.html{{Dead link|date=March 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |{{sort|00101|4×100 m [[Medley swimmin|medley]] relay}} |align=right|3:29.34&nbsp; |[[Aaron Peirsol]] (53.16)<br />[[Brendan Hansen]] (59.27) <br />[[Michael Phelps]] (50.15)<br />[[Jason Lezak]] (46.76) |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|17|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web |author=Karen Crouse|title=Phelps’s epic journey ends in perfection|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/17/sports/olympics/17swim.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2004-08-16|accessdate=2008-08-18}}</ref> |} {{clear}} ==Women's records== [[Image:Rebecca adlington.png|right|thumb|upright|Rebecca Adlington]] ''♦ denotes a performance that is also a current [[Warld records in swimmin|warld record]]. Statistics are correct as of 30 Julie 2012, durin the [[2012 Simmer Olympics]] in Lunnon an include only those events which are currently recognised bi the [[IOC]] as Olympic events.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" !style="width:13em"|Event !class=unsortable style="width:5em"|Record !style="width:15em"|Name !style="width:12em"|Naition !style="width:9em"|Gemmes !Date !class=unsortable|Ref |- |{{sort|00050|50 m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|24.05&nbsp; |{{sortname|Ranomi|Kromowidjojo}} |{{flagIOCteam|NED|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 50 metre freestyle|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|04|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|title=Women's 50m Freestyle Results|url=http://www.london2012.com/swimming/event/women-50m-freestyle/phase=sww010100/index.html|publisher=www.london2012.com|date=4 August 2012|accessdate=6 August 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120903162304/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2007/0524/1179498727032.html|archivedate=2012-09-03|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00100|100 m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|53.00&nbsp; |{{sortname|Ranomi|Kromowidjojo}} |{{flagIOCteam|NED|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 100 metre freestyle|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|02|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/swimming/event=swimming-women-100m-freestyle/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-01-28 |archive-date=2013-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130428011839/http://www.london2012.com/swimming/event=swimming-women-100m-freestyle/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{sort|00200|200 m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|1:53.61&nbsp; |{{sortname|Allison|Schmitt}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 200 metre freestyle|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|31|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|title=2012 London Olympics: Allison Schmitt Torches 200 Free With Olympic, American Record; Missy Franklin Misses Podium|url=http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/lane9/news/World/31492.asp?q=2012-London-Olympics:-Allison-Schmitt-Torches-200-Free-With-Olympic,-American-Record;-Missy-Franklin-Misses-Podium|publisher=''[[Swimming World Magazine]]''|date=31 July 2012|accessdate=2 August 2012}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00400|400 m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|4:01.45&nbsp; |{{sortname|Camille|Muffat}} |{{flagIOCteam|FRA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 400 metre freestyle|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|29|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|title=2012 London Olympics: Camille Muffat Pips Allison Schmitt With Olympic Record in Women's 400 Free|url=http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/lane9/news/World/31444.asp?q=2012-London-Olympics:-Camille-Muffat-Pips-Allison-Schmitt-With-Olympic-Record-in-Women's-400-Free|publisher=''[[Swimming World Magazine]]''|date=29 July 2012|accessdate=29 July 2012}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00800|800 m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]]}} |align=right|♦8:14.10&nbsp; |{{sortname|Rebecca|Adlington}} |{{flagIOCteam|GBR|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 800 metre freestyle|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|16|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web|title=Adlington storms to second gold|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/olympics/swimming/7564653.stm|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|date=2008-08-16|accessdate=2008-09-07}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00100|100 m [[backstroke]]}} |align=right|58.23&nbsp; |{{sortname|Emily|Seebohm}} |{{flagIOCteam|AUS|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 100 metre backstroke|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|29|link=off}} |align=center|{{ref label|Seebohm|B|}} |- |{{sort|00200|200 m [[backstroke]]}} |align=right|♦2:04.06&nbsp; |{{sortname|Missy|Franklin}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 200 metre backstroke|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|03|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web|title=Womens 200m Backstroke Results|url=http://www.london2012.com/swimming/event/women-200m-backstroke/phase=sww042100/index.html|publisher=www.london2012.com|date=3 August 2012|accessdate=12 September 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130103191350/http://www.london2012.com/swimming/event/women-200m-backstroke/phase=sww042100/index.html|archivedate=2013-01-03|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00100|100 m [[breaststroke]]}} |align=right|1:05.17&nbsp; |{{sortname|Leisel|Jones}} |{{flagIOCteam|AUS|2008 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 100 metre breaststroke|2008 Beijing]] |{{dts|2008|08|10|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/records/results_uk.asp?DIS_S_CODE=SW&GET_C_ID=W&GET_C_OL=1&GET_C_WO=&EVT_S_CODE=031&RESULT=TRUE | title = Swimming – 100m breaststroke – Progression | work = Official website of the Olympic Movement | accessdate = 2008-09-07}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00200|200 m [[breaststroke]]}} |align=right|♦2:19.59&nbsp; |{{sortname|Rebecca|Soni}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 200 metre breaststroke|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|02|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web|author=Nicole Auerbach|title=Rebecca Soni sets world record in winning gold|url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/london/swimming/story/2012-08-02/rebecca-soni-wins-gold-breaks-world-record/56711840/1|work=[[USA Today]]|date=2012-08-02|accessdate=2012-08-02}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00100|100 m [[Butterflee stroke|butterflee]]}} |align=right|♦55.98&nbsp; |{{sortname|Dana|Vollmer}} |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 100 metre butterflee|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|29|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|title=2012 London Olympics: Dana Vollmer Clears 56-Second Barrier, Sets World Record in 100 Fly|url=http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/lane9/news/World/31440.asp?q=2012-London-Olympics:-Dana-Vollmer-Clears-56-Second-Barrier,-Sets-World-Record-in-100-Fly|publisher=''[[Swimming World Magazine]]''|date=29 July 2012|accessdate=29 July 2012}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00200|200 m [[Butterflee stroke|butterflee]]}} |align=right|2:04.06&nbsp; |{{sortname|Jiao|Liuyang}} |{{flagIOCteam|CHN|2012 Simmer}} |[[Swimming at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 200 metre butterflee|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|01|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web|title=Women's 200m Butterfly Results|url=http://www.london2012.com/swimming/event/women-200m-butterfly/phase=sww022100/index.html|publisher=www.london2012.com|date=1 August 2012|accessdate=4 August 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130103153649/http://www.london2012.com/swimming/event/women-200m-butterfly/phase=sww022100/index.html|archivedate=2013-01-03|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00201|200 m individual [[Medley swimmin|medley]]}} |align=right|2:07.57&nbsp; |{{sortname|Ye|Shiwen}} |{{flagIOCteam|CHN|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 200 metre individual medley|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|31|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|title=2012 London Olympics: Ye Shiwen Uses Superb Freestyle Leg to Power to IM Sweep With Olympic Record in 200 IM; Alicia Coutts, Caitlin Leverenz 2-3; Ariana Kukors Fifth|url=http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/lane9/news/World/31496.asp?q=2012-London-Olympics:-Ye-Shiwen-Uses-Superb-Freestyle-Leg-to-Power-to-IM-Sweep-With-Olympic-Record-in-200-IM;-Alicia-Coutts,-Caitlin-Leverenz-2-3;-Ariana-Kukors-Fifth|publisher=''[[Swimming World Magazine]]''|date=31 July 2012|accessdate=2 August 2012}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00401|400 m individual [[Medley swimmin|medley]]}} |align=right|♦4:28.43&nbsp; |{{sortname|Ye|Shiwen}} |{{flagIOCteam|CHN|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 400 metre individual medley|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|28|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite web | url = http://london2012.bbc.co.uk/swimming/event/women-400m-individual-medley/phase=sww054100/index.html | title = Women's 400m Individual Medley Results | publisher = BBC Sport | accessdate = 2012-07-29 | archive-date = 2012-07-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120729075447/http://london2012.bbc.co.uk/swimming/event/women-400m-individual-medley/phase=sww054100/index.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> |- |{{sort|00101|4×100 m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]] relay}} |align=right|3:33.15&nbsp; |{{sortname|Alicia|Coutts}} (53.90)<br/>[[Cate Campbell]] (54.19)<br/>[[Brittany Elmslie]] (53.41)<br/>[[Melanie Schlanger]] (52.65) |{{flagIOCteam|AUS|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 4 x 100 metre freestyle relay|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|07|28|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://london2012.bbc.co.uk/swimming/event/women-4x100m-freestyle-relay/phase=sww411100/index.html | accessdate = 2012-07-29 | title = Women's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Results | publisher = BBC Sport | archive-date = 2012-07-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120729172259/http://london2012.bbc.co.uk/swimming/event/women-4x100m-freestyle-relay/phase=sww411100/index.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> |- |{{sort|00201|4×200 m [[Freestyle (swimmin)|freestyle]] relay}} |align=right|7:42.92&nbsp; |{{sortname|Missy|Franklin}} (1:55.96)<br />[[Dana Vollmer]] (1:56.02)<br />[[Shannon Vreeland]] (1:56.85)<br />[[Allison Schmitt]] (1:54.09) |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 4 x 200 metre freestyle relay|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|01|link=off}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite news|title=Women's 4x200m freestyle Relay – Final|url=http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/event/women-4x200m-freestyle-relay/index.html?v=20120801-215455542|publisher=[[NBC]]|accessdate=2012-08-01}}</ref> |- |{{sort|00101|4×100 m [[Medley swimming|medley]] relay}} |align=right|♦3:52.05&nbsp; |{{sortname|Missy|Franklin}} (58.50)<br />[[Rebecca Soni]] (1:04.82)<br />[[Dana Vollmer]] (55.48)<br />[[Allison Schmitt]] (53.25) |{{flagIOCteam|USA|2012 Simmer}} |[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre medley relay|2012 Lunnon]] |{{dts|2012|08|04|link=off}} |align=center| |} {{clear}} ==Fitnotes== <div class="references-small"> <ol style="list-style-type:upper-alpha;"> <li>{{note|Sullivan}}Sullivan broke the Olympic an world record for the men's 100&nbsp;m freestyle in the seicont semifinal o the 2008 Summer Olympics.<ref name=rounds/></li> <li>{{note|Seebohm}}Seebohm broke the Olympic record for the weemen's 100&nbsp;m backstroke in the fowert heat o the [[2012 Summer Olympics]].<ref name=rounds>{{Cite web | url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/olympics/2008/events/aquatics/results | work = [[The Guardian]] | accessdate = 2008-09-07 | title = Olympics 2008: Aquatics | archive-date = 2008-10-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081005150502/http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/olympics/2008/events/aquatics/results | url-status = dead }}</ref></li> </div> ==References== {{reflist|2}} [[Category:Olympic records|Soummin]] [[Category:Soummin at the Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Soummin records|Olympic]] [[Category:Soummin-relatit leets|Oly]] dzozjyfw1i967u0b20jk2fqh6uaj1fx 0 51156 918431 907538 2026-06-20T04:51:25Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918431 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name = Recife |settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Brazil|Municipality]] |official_name = The Municipality o Recife |nickname = Veneza Brasileira (Brazilian [[Venice]]), Caipital o the Northeast an Mauricéia/Mauritsstad (efter the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] colonization) |motto = {{lang-la|"Ut Luceat Omnibus''"''}}<br>"That it mey shine on aw" ([[Gospel o Matthew|Matthew]] [[Sermon on the Munt|5:15]]) |image_skyline = Montagem Recife (3).jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Frae upper left: Auld centre o Recife; Recife an its bridges; Aereal View o Boa Viagem Beach; Boa Viagem Beach; The Crystal Touer; Capibaribe River; The neighborhuid o Boa Viagem; Agamenon Magalhães Avenue; Recife Sunset. |image_flag = Bandeira do Recife.svg |image_coa = Brasaorecife.jpg |image_map = |mapsize = |pushpin_map=Brazil |pushpin_map_size=250 |pushpin_map_caption=Location in Brazil |subdivision_type = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Regions o Brazil|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[States o Brazil|State]] |subdivision_name = {{flag|Brazil}} |subdivision_name1 = [[Northeast Region, Brazil|Northeast]] |subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Pernambuco}} |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = Geraldo Júlio de Mello Filho ([[Geraldo Júlio]]) ([[Brazilian Socialist Pairty|PSB]]) |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |established_title = Foondit |established_date = Mairch 12, 1537 |established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporatit]] (as veelage) |established_date2 = 1709 |established_title3 = Incorporatit (as ceety) |established_date3 = 1823 |area_magnitude = 1 E8 |area_total_km2 = 218 |area_total_sq_mi = 84.17 |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = 2,768 |area_metro_sq_mi = 1,068.7 |population_as_of = 2012 |population_note = |population_total = 1,555,039 ([[Leet o lairgest ceeties in Brazil|9t]]) |population_density_km2 = 7133.2 |population_density_sq_mi = 18537.9 |population_metro = 3,743,854([[Leet o lairgest ceeties in Brazil|6t]]) |population_density_metro_km2 = 1,352.5 |population_density_metro_sq_mi = 3,527 |population_urban = |timezone = [[UTC-3]] |utc_offset = -3 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|8|3|S|34|54|W|region:BR|display=inline}} |elevation_m = 10 |elevation_ft = 33 |area_code = +55 81 |postal_code_type = Postal Code |postal_code = 50000-000 |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = [http://www.recife.pe.gov.br Recife, Pernambuco] }} '''Recife''' ({{IPA-pt|ʁeˈsifi|-|Br-Recife.ogg}}, ''heh-see-fee'') is the fift-lairgest<ref>[http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/presidencia/noticias/noticia_visualiza.php?id_noticia=1246&id_pagina=1 Cities Influence Areas]</ref> [[Recife metropolitan aurie|metropolitan aurie]] in [[Brazil]] wi 3,743,854 indwallers, the lairgest metropolitan aurie o the North/Northeast Regions, the 5t-lairgest metropolitan influence aurie in Brazil, an the caipital an lairgest ceety o the state o [[Pernambuco]]. The population o the ceety proper wis 1,555,039 in 2012.<ref>[http://g1.globo.com/pernambuco/noticia/2012/08/regiao-metropolitana-do-recife-e-6-mais-populosa-do-brasil-diz-ibge.html IBGE 2012 Census Population]</ref> Recife is locatit whaur the [[Beberibe River]] meets the [[Capibaribe River]] tae flaw intae the Atlantic Ocean. It is a major port on the Atlantic Ocean. Its name is an allusion tae the coral [[reef]]s that are present bi the ceety's shores. The mony rivers, smaa islands an ower 50 brigs foond in Recife ceety centre characterize its geografie an gies it the moniker o the "Brazilian [[Venice]]." The [[Recife metropolitan aurie|Metropolitan Region o Recife]] is the main industrial zone o the [[Pernambuco|State o Pernambuco]]; maist relevant products are those derived frae [[Succarcane|cane]] (succar an [[Ethanol fuel in Brazil|ethanol]]), electronics, fuid, an ithers; thanks tae the fiscal incentives o govrenment, mony industrial enterprises wur stairtit in the 1970s an 1980s. Recife haes a tradeetion o bein the maist important [[commerce|commercial centre]] o the North/Northeastern region o Brazil wi mair nor 52,500 business enterprises in Recife itself plus 32,500 in the Metro Aurie which tots mair nor 85,000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.condepefidem.pe.gov.br/ |title=Recife Municipal Profile |access-date=2013-05-16 |archive-date=2008-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121223916/http://www.condepefidem.pe.gov.br/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A combination o a lairge supply o [[workforce|labor]] an signeeficant private investments turned Recife intae Brazil's seicont lairgest medical centre (seicont anly tae [[São Paulo]]);<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www2.uol.com.br/JC/_1999/0509/ec0509i.htm |title=Recife Medical Pool |access-date=2013-05-16 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212020/http://www2.uol.com.br/JC/_1999/0509/ec0509i.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> modren hospitals wi state-o-the-airt equipment receive patients frae several neighborin States.<ref>[http://www.pe-az.com.br/saude/polo_medico_recife.htm Pernambuco A-Z]</ref><ref>[http://www.pernambuco.com/diario/2003/08/06/info1_0.html Pernambuco Daily] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715065415/http://www.pernambuco.com/diario/2003/08/06/info1_0.html |date=2011-07-15 }}</ref> Lik aw ither ceeties in the [[Northeast Region, Brazil|Northeast]], Recife is developin its [[tourism|tourist sector]]. The beach o [[Porto de Galinhas]], {{convert|60|km|mi|sp=us}} sooth o the ceety, haes been repeatitly awairdit the title o baist beach in Brazil an haes drawn mony tourists.<ref>[http://gwmroot.gt.com.br/portodegalinhas/matler.asp?newsId=890 Porto de Galinhas Beach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301081247/http://gwmroot.gt.com.br/portodegalinhas/matler.asp?newsId=890 |date=2009-03-01 }}</ref> Recife's infrastructur is amang the maist developed in Brazil for travellers an business fowk, tho thare is wide room for improvement.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2002/01/49649 |title=Business in Recife |access-date=2013-02-09 |archive-date=2012-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026003925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2002/01/49649 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ceety is an aa a renowned eddicational centre, an home tae the [[Federal Varsity o Pernambuco]], the lairgest varsity in Pernambuco. Several Brazilian historical figures, sic as the poet an abolitionist [[Castro Alves]], moved tae Recife tae attain thair eddication. Thegither wi [[Natal, Rio Grande do Norte|Natal]] thir are the anly Brazilian ceeties wi direct flichts tae the islands o [[Fernando de Noronha]], Warld Heritage Steid syne 2001.<ref>[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1000 Unesco - Fernando de Noronha Islands]</ref> ==Geografie== Due tae the ceety's proximity tae the [[equator]], Recife wather is generally warm. Recife haes a nummer o islands, rivers, watterwyes an brigs that crisscross the ceety. Recife is locatit amidst [[tropical forest]]s which are distinguished bi heich rainfaw levels resultin in poor soil quality as the rainfall washes away the nutrients. Thare is an absence o extreme temperatures an a cuil breeze due tae the tred winds frae the Atlantic Ocean.<ref>[http://www.recife.info/recife-weather.html Weather of Recife] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915120054/http://www.recife.info/recife-weather.html |date=2008-09-15 }}</ref> [[File:ISS Recife, Brazil.jpg|left|thumb|Recife, seen frae the [[Internaitional Space Station]]]] === Vegetation === Recife haes a tropical forest. Rainforests are characterized bi heich rainfall, wi definitions settin minimum normal annual rainfaw atween {{convert|2000|mm|in}} an {{convert|1700|mm|in}}. The soil can be poor acause heich rainfall tends tae leach oot soluble nutrients. Thare are several common characteristics o tropical [[rainforest]] trees. The ceety o Recife is fairmed bi three islands (Recife, Santo Antônio, an Boa Vista).<ref>[http://www.nassauturismo.com.br/nac_pacotes_recife.htm Islands of Recife]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Atween the islands are the rivers Beberibe an Capibaribe.<ref>[http://www.unicap.br/eneal/html/turismo.html Rivers of the city] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330014650/http://www.unicap.br/eneal/html/turismo.html |date=2009-03-30 }}</ref> [[File:A Cidade e o Rio.jpg|thumb|[[Capibaribe River]].]] ===Hydrography=== '''Rivers''' * [[Capibaribe River|Capibaribe]], [[Beberibe]], Jiquiá, Tejipió, Jordão an Pina. '''Beaches''' * [[Boa Viagem, Recife|Boa Viagem]], Pina an Brasília Teimosa '''Lochs''' * Araçá '''Lairge watter supplier ([[Dam]]s)''' * Prata do Meio an Apipucos ===Climate=== Recife haes a year-roond [[tropical climate]], wi warm tae het temperaturs an heich relative humidity throughout the year. Houever, thir conditions are relieved bi pleasant tred winds blowin in frae the ocean.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cdsid.org.br/gdn2012/recife.php |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-05-16 |archive-date=2012-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426052010/http://www.cdsid.org.br/gdn2012/recife.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> Unner the [[Köppen climate classification]], the ceety featurs a [[tropical monsoon climate]]. Januar is the warmest month, wi mean temperatures rangin frae {{convert|31|C|F}} tae {{convert|22|C|F}}, wi sun; Julie experiences the cuilest temperatures, wi mean temperatures rangin frae {{convert|27|C|F}} tae {{convert|20|C|F}}, wi rain. Juin is the wettest month an the seicont-cloudiest, receivin an average o {{convert|390|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} o precipitation, an surpassed in cloudiness anly bi August. Indeed, August is incredibly cloudy in Recife, wi a mere daily average o 3.5 oors o sunshine throughoot the month. The driest an sunniest month is November, whan maximum temperatures hover aroond 30&nbsp;°C an an average o {{convert|48|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} o precipitation is recordit. November is an aa Recife's anly true [[dry saison]] month, as aw ither months in the ceety are [[wet saison]] months.<ref>[http://www.blurbwire.com/topics/Recife::sub::Geography ]</ref> {{Weather box |location = Recife, Brazil |collapsed = y |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 37 |Feb record high C = 38 |Mar record high C = 37 |Apr record high C = 35 |May record high C = 37 |Jun record high C = 37 |Jul record high C = 32 |Aug record high C = 33 |Sep record high C = 37 |Oct record high C = 37 |Nov record high C = 38 |Dec record high C = 38 |year record high C = 38 |Jan high C = 30.2 |Feb high C = 30.2 |Mar high C = 30.0 |Apr high C = 29.7 |May high C = 28.9 |Jun high C = 28.8 |Jul high C = 27.3 |Aug high C = 27.5 |Sep high C = 28.1 |Oct high C = 29.0 |Nov high C = 30.1 |Dec high C = 30.2 |Jan mean C = 26.6 |Feb mean C = 26.6 |Mar mean C = 26.5 |Apr mean C = 25.9 |May mean C = 25.2 |Jun mean C = 24.5 |Jul mean C = 24.0 |Aug mean C = 23.9 |Sep mean C = 24.6 |Oct mean C = 25.5 |Nov mean C = 25.9 |Dec mean C = 26.3 |Jan low C = 22.4 |Feb low C = 22.6 |Mar low C = 22.7 |Apr low C = 22.6 |May low C = 21.9 |Jun low C = 21.6 |Jul low C = 21.1 |Aug low C = 20.6 |Sep low C = 20.7 |Oct low C = 21.4 |Nov low C = 21.9 |Dec low C = 22.2 |Jan record low C = 20 |Feb record low C = 20 |Mar record low C = 21 |Apr record low C = 20 |May record low C = 21 |Jun record low C = 15 |Jul record low C = 18 |Aug record low C = 17 |Sep record low C = 18 |Oct record low C = 17 |Nov record low C = 17 |Dec record low C = 19 |year record low C = 15 |Jan precipitation mm = 103.4 |Feb precipitation mm = 144.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 264.9 |Apr precipitation mm = 326.4 |May precipitation mm = 328.9 |Jun precipitation mm = 389.6 |Jul precipitation mm = 385.6 |Aug precipitation mm = 213.5 |Sep precipitation mm = 122.5 |Oct precipitation mm = 66.1 |Nov precipitation mm = 47.8 |Dec precipitation mm = 65.0 |unit precipitation days= 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 14 |Feb precipitation days = 16 |Mar precipitation days = 19 |Apr precipitation days = 21 |May precipitation days = 23 |Jun precipitation days = 25 |Jul precipitation days = 25 |Aug precipitation days = 23 |Sep precipitation days = 18 |Oct precipitation days = 15 |Nov precipitation days = 12 |Dec precipitation days = 13 |Jan sun = 244.9 |Feb sun = 211.9 |Mar sun = 204.6 |Apr sun = 186.0 |May sun = 186.0 |Jun sun = 168.0 |Jul sun = 170.5 |Aug sun = 108.5 |Sep sun = 216.0 |Oct sun = 248.0 |Nov sun = 267.0 |Dec sun = 254.2 |Jan humidity = 73 |Feb humidity = 77 |Mar humidity = 80 |Apr humidity = 84 |May humidity = 85 |Jun humidity = 85 |Jul humidity = 85 |Aug humidity = 85 |Sep humidity = 78 |Oct humidity = 76 |Nov humidity = 74 |Dec humidity = 75 |year humidity = 80 |source 1 = Warld Meteorological Organization.,<ref name="WMO">[http://worldweather.wmo.int/136/c01078.htm Climate Information for Recife] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522081145/http://worldweather.wmo.int/136/c01078.htm |date=2013-05-22 }}, World Weather Information Service, accessed 05 May 2012.</ref> Hong Kong Observatory (sun only 1961-1990) <ref name="HKO">[http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/s_america/brazil/recife_e.htm Climatological Information for Recife, Brazil] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026200705/http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/s_america/brazil/recife_e.htm |date=2013-10-26 }}, Hong Kong Observatory, accessed 05 May 2012.</ref> |source 2 = Weatherbase (record highs, lows and humidity) <ref name="Weatherbase">{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=99828&refer=&units=metric |title=Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Recife |accessdate= |date=July 2011 |archive-date=2021-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502043016/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=99828&refer=&units=metric |url-status=dead }}</ref> |date=August 2010 }} ==Notable fowk== *[[Junior Assuncao]], mixed martial airtist. *[[Jaqueline Carvalho]], Professional Volleybaw Player. *[[Manuel Bandeira]], poet an writer. *[[Guilherme Berenguer]], actor. *[[Francisco Brennand]], sculptor, painter an ceramist. *[[Romero Britto]], Sculptor an painter. *[[Josué de Castro]], humanist an writer. *[[Nelson Ferreira]], componer an muisicker. *[[Paulo Freire]], eddicator, poet an writer. *[[Gilberto Freyre]], sociologist, poet an writer. *[[Bruno Garcia]], actor. *[[Lenine (muisicker)|Lenine]], componer. *[[José Leite Lopes]], pheesicist. *[[Antônio Maria]], componer. *[[Joaquim Nabuco]], writer, jurnalist an diplomat. *[[Marco Nanini]], actor. *[[João Cabral de Melo Neto]], poet an writer. *[[Otto]], composer. *[[Juninho Pernambucano]], fitbawer. *[[Fred Zero Quatro]], componer. *[[Robyn Regehr]], ice hockey player. *[[Rivaldo]], fitbawer. *[[Nelson Rodrigues]], poet an writer. *[[Mário Schenberg]], electrical engineer, pheesicist, airt critic an writer. *[[Chico Science]], componer. *[[Bezerra da Silva]], componer. *[[Alceu Valença]], componer. *[[Naná Vasconcelos]], componer. *[[Vavá]], fitbawer. *[[Walter Wanderley]], organist an pianist. ==Sister ceeties== Recife's [[sister ceeties]] are:<ref name="sister">{{cite web |url=http://www.recife.pe.gov.br/2007/07/03/mat_144821.php |title=Mayor's International Council Sister Cities Program |publisher=Recife, Pernambuco |accessdate=2008-08-18}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" "text-align:left;font-size:100%;"| |- ! style="background:#3399EE; color:white; height:17px; width:120px;"| Kintra ! ! style="background:#3399EE; color:white; width:140px;"| Ceety ! ! style="background:#3399EE; color:white; width:150px;"| State / Region ! ! style="background:#3399EE; color:white; width:40px;"| Syne |- style="color:black; background:white;" |! !| {{Flagicon|Portugal}} [[Portugal]] |! !| [[File:PRT.png|25px]] [[Porto]] |! !| [[File:Flag of Portugal.svg|25px]] [[Norte Region]] |! !| 1987 |- style="color:black; background:white;" |! !| {{Flagicon|France}} [[Fraunce]] |! !| [[File:Blason Nantes.svg|25px]] [[Nantes]] |! !| [[Pays de la Loire]] |! !| 2003 |- style="color:black; background:white;" |! !| {{Flagicon|China}} [[Cheenae]] |! !| [[File:National Emblem of the People's Republic of China.svg|25px|]] [[Guangzhou]] |! !| [[File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|25px|]] [[Guangdong]] |! !| 2007 |- style="color:black; background:white;" |! !| {{Flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Netherlands]] |! !| [[File:Amsterdam.svg|25px|]] [[Amsterdam]] |! !| [[File:Flag of North Holland.svg|25px|]] [[North Holland]] |! !| 1900 |- style="color:black; background:white;" |! !| {{Flagicon|United States}} [[Unitit States]] |! !| [[File:Seal of Dallas.svg|25px|]] [[Dallas]] |! !| [[File:Flag of Texas.svg|25px|]] [[Texas]] |! !| 1948 |- style="color:black; background:white;" |! !| {{Flagicon|Spain}} [[Spain]] |! !| [[File:Escudo de A Coruña.svg|25px|]] [[A Coruña]] |! !| [[File:Flag of Galicia.svg|25px|]] [[Galicia]] |! !| ? |} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Sister project links|Recife|voy=Recife}} '''Offeecial''' * {{pt icon}} [http://www.recife.pe.gov.br/ Official homepage] '''Tourism''' {{Caipitals o Brazilian states}} {{BrazilLairgestCeeties}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Recife}} [[Category:Recife|*]] [[Category:Populatit coastal places in Pernambuco]] [[Category:State caipitals in Brazil]] [[Category:Port ceeties in Brazil]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1537]] [[Category:Historic Jewish commonties]] [[Category:Municipalities in Pernambuco]] scov65g447ird9gdtx8kbghojmqofra 0 53349 918502 909256 2026-06-20T11:46:06Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918502 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608 (cropped).jpg|right|thumb]] '''Venus''' (seembol: [[File:Venus symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|♀]]) is the seicont [[planet]] frae the [[Sun]], orbitin it ivery 224.7 [[Yird]] days.<ref name="nasa_venus">{{cite web | title = Venus: Facts & Figures | publisher = NASA | url = http://sse.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Venus&Display=Facts&System=Metric | accessdate = 2007-04-12 | archive-date = 2006-09-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060929003116/http://sse.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Venus&Display=Facts&System=Metric | url-status = dead }}</ref> The planet is named efter the [[Roman meethology|Roman]] [[Venus (meethologie)|goddess o luve an beauty]]. Efter the [[Muin]], it is the brichtest naitural object in the nicht sky, reachin an [[apparent magnitude]] o −4.6, bricht enough tae cast shadaes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalsky.org.uk/venus/shadow-of-venus.html|title=The Shadow of Venus|last=Lawrence|first=Pete|year=2005|accessdate=13 June 2012|archive-date=2012-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120611003523/http://www.digitalsky.org.uk/venus/shadow-of-venus.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Acause Venus is an [[inferior planet]] frae Yird, it niver appears tae ventur far frae the Sun: its [[Elongation (astronomy)|elongation]] reaches a maximum o 47.8°. Venus reaches its maximum brichtness shairtly afore sunrise or shortly efter sunset, for which reason it haes been referred tad bi auncient culturs as the Mornin Star or Evenin Star. Venus is a [[terrestrial planet]] an is whiles cried Yird's "sister planet" acause o thair seemilar size, gravity, an bouk composeetion (Venus is baith the closest planet tae Yird an the planet closest in size tae Yird). Houiver, it haes an aa been shawn tae be very different frae Yird in ither respects. It haes the densest [[atmosphere]] o the fower terrestrial planets, consistin o mair nor 96% [[carbon dioxide]]. The [[atmospheric pressure]] at the planet's surface is 92 times that o Yird's. Wi a mean surface temperatur o {{convert|735|K|°C °F|abbr=on}}, Venus is bi far the hettest planet in the [[Solar Seestem]]. It haes na [[carbon cycle]] tae lock carbon back intae rocks an surface features, nor daes it seem tae hae ony organic life tae absorb it in biomass. Venus is shrouded bi an opaque layer o heichly reflective cloods o [[sulfuric acid]], preventin its surface frae bein seen frae space in [[veesible licht]]. Venus micht hae possessed oceans in the past,<ref>{{cite journal |author=Hashimoto, G. L.; Roos-Serote, M.; Sugita, S.; Gilmore, M. S.; Kamp, L. W.; Carlson, R. W.; Baines, K. H. |title=Felsic highland crust on Venus suggested by Galileo Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer data |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research, Planets |year=2008|volume=113|doi=10.1029/2008JE003134 |pages=E00B24 |bibcode=2008JGRE..11300B24H }}</ref> but thir wad hae vaporized as the temperatur rose due tae a [[runaway greenhoose effect]].<ref name="Jakosky">B.M. Jakosky, "Atmospheres of the Terrestrial Planets", in Beatty, Petersen and Chaikin (eds,), ''The New Solar System,'' 4th edition 1999, Sky Publishing Company (Boston) and Cambridge University Press (Cambridge), pp. 175–200</ref> The watter haes maist probably [[photodissociation|photodissociated]], an, acause o the lack o a [[Magnetosphere|planetary magnetic field]], the free hydrogen haes been [[Atmospheric escape|swept intae interplanetary space]] bi the [[solar wind]].<ref name="solarwind">{{cite web |date=28 November 2007 |title=Caught in the wind from the Sun |publisher=ESA (Venus Express) |url= http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Venus_Express/SEM0G373R8F_0.html |accessdate=2008-07-12}}</ref> Venus's surface is a dry desertscape interspersed wi slab-lik rocks an periodically refreshed bi [[volcanism]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Sister project links}} * [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Venus Venus Profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831094309/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Venus |date=2011-08-31 }} at [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/ NASA's Solar Seestem Exploration steid] * [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planets/venuspage.html Missions tae Venus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210163349/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planets/venuspage.html |date=2015-02-10 }} (Hostit bi NASA) * [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/imgcat/thumbnail_pages/venus_thumbnails.html Gallery o Venus exploration images] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329025335/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/imgcat/thumbnail_pages/venus_thumbnails.html |date=2015-03-29 }} (Hosted bi NASA) * [http://www.mentallandscape.com/V_Venus.htm The Soviet Exploration o Venus], [http://www.mentallandscape.com/C_CatalogVenus.htm Image catalog] * [http://www.nineplanets.org/venus.html Venus page at ''The Nine Planets''] * [http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/venera1112.html NASA page aboot the Venera missions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150308085025/http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/venera1112.html |date=2015-03-08 }} * [http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/magellan/ Magellan mission home page] * [http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/pvo.html Pioneer Venus information frae NASA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150304095221/http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/pvo.html |date=2015-03-04 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080305133558/http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/transit/venus0412.html Detailed information aboot transits o Venus] * [http://www.geody.com/?world=venus Geody Venus], a sairch ingine for surface featurs * [http://www.worldwindcentral.com/wiki/Venus Cairts o Venus in NASA Warld Wind] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206160948/http://www.worldwindcentral.com/wiki/Venus |date=2015-02-06 }} * [http://www.sil.si.edu/exhibitions/chasing-venus/intro.htm Chasin Venus, Observin the Transits o Venus] Smithsonian Institution Libraries * [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/vc/vchome.shtml Venus Crater Database] Lunar an Planetary Institute * [http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/diskmap.php Calculate/show the current phase o Venus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922224411/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/diskmap.php |date=2007-09-22 }} (U.S. Naval Observatory) * [http://www.astronomycast.com/astronomy/episode-50-venus/ Venus] [[Astronomy Cast]] episode No. 50, includes full transcript. * Thorsten Dambeck: ''[http://www.mpg.de/english/illustrationsDocumentation/multimedia/mpResearch/2009/heft04/pdf12.pdf The Blazing Hell Behind the Veil] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118163132/http://www.mpg.de/english/illustrationsDocumentation/multimedia/mpResearch/2009/heft04/pdf12.pdf |date=2010-01-18 }}'', MaxPlanckResearch, 4/2009, p.&nbsp;26–33 === Cartographic resoorces === * [http://pdsmaps.wr.usgs.gov/PDS/public/explorer/html/fmappick.htm PDS Cairt-a-Planet & Venus Nomenclature] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721070349/http://pdsmaps.wr.usgs.gov/PDS/public/explorer/html/fmappick.htm |date=2011-07-21 }} * [http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/jsp/SystemSearch2.jsp?System=Venus Gazeteer o Planetary Nomenclature&nbsp;– Venus (USGS)] * [http://planetologia.elte.hu/venusz-terkep-elte-ttk-kavucs.pdf Cairt o Venus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106161927/http://planetologia.elte.hu/venusz-terkep-elte-ttk-kavucs.pdf |date=2015-11-06 }} * Movie o [http://sos.noaa.gov/videos/Venus.mov Venus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721060200/http://sos.noaa.gov/videos/Venus.mov |date=2011-07-21 }} at Naitional Oceanic an Atmospheric Admeenistration {{Solar Seestem}} {{Venus}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Venus| ]] [[Category:Terrestrial planets]] [[Category:Planets o the Solar Seestem]] 9yuow7g1ku3oqmdzzjad7s7lekkwymg 0 53489 918419 885696 2026-06-20T03:39:16Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | settlement_type = Toun | official_name = Pivijay |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Magdalena - Pivijay.svg |mapsize = 200px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Pivijay in the Depairtment o Magdalena. |subdivision_type = [[Kintra]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Natural Regions o Colombie|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name = [[Colombie]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Caribbean Region o Colombie|Caribbean]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Magdalena, Colombie|Magdalena]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = |established_title = Foondation |established_date = 1774 |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2005 |population_note = <ref>[http://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2005/regiones/magdalena/pivijay.pdf {{es icon}} DANE 2005 Census: Pivijay]</ref> |population_total = 38307 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = <br>[http://pivijay-magdalena.gov.co/ www.pivijay-magdalena.gov.co] |footnotes = }} '''Pivijay''' is a toun an municipality o the [[Colombie]] [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] o [[Magdalena, Colombie|Magdalena]]. Foondit in 1774 bi José Flores, Julian Valera an Antonio Sánchez. Promotit tae municipality in 1912. ==Politics== ===Admeenistrative diveesions=== Corregimientos: *Avianca *Canoas *Caraballo *Chinoblas *Garrapatas *Las Piedras *Media Luna *Paraco (Carmen del Magdalena) *Paraíso *Piñuelas *Placitas *Salaminita ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://www.gobmagdalena.gov.co/default.asp?id=10&mnu=10 Gobernacion del Magdalena: municipios - Pivijay] *{{es icon}} [http://pivijay-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml Pivijay official website]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929003003/http://pivijay-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2007-09-29 }} {{Municipalities magdalena depairtment}} [[Category:Municipalities o Magdalena, Colombie]] [[Category:Populatit places in Magdalena, Colombie]] k5e65rffv6b4x7cia4xvmyw0h2gzxzh 0 53491 918451 885612 2026-06-20T06:28:59Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918451 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | settlement_type = Toun | official_name = Santa Ana |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Magdalena - Santa Ana.svg |mapsize = 200px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Santa Ana in the Depairtment o Magdalena. |subdivision_type = [[Kintra]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Natural Regions o Colombie|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name = [[Colombie]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Caribbean Region o Colombie|Caribbean]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Magdalena, Colombie|Magdalena]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = |established_title = Foondation |established_date = 1751 |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2005 |population_note = <ref>[http://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2005/regiones/magdalena/santa_ana.pdf {{es icon}} DANE 2005 Census: Santa Ana]</ref> |population_total = 22840 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = <br>[http://www.santaana-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml www.santaana-magdalena.gov.co] |footnotes = }} '''Santa Ana''' is a toun an municipality o the depairtment o [[Magdalena, Colombie|Magdalena]] in northren [[Colombia]]. Foondit in 1751 bi [[José Fernando de Mier y Guerra]] wi the name o Santa Ana de Buena Vista. In 1918 wis established as a municipality. ==Politics== ===Admeenistrative diveesions=== ;Corregimientos *Barro Blanco *San Fernando *Jaraba *Santa Rosa ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://www.santaana-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml Santa Ana offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070611055518/http://santaana-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2007-06-11 }} *{{es icon}} [http://www.gobmagdalena.gov.co/default.asp?id=10&mnu=10 Gobernacion del Magdalena - Corregimientos; Santa Ana] {{Municipalities magdalena depairtment}} [[Category:Municipalities o Magdalena, Colombie]] [[Category:Populatit places in Magdalena, Colombie]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1751]] b4zdk2ly9zvspdpptuiqghk3isj27kq 0 54068 918404 904318 2026-06-19T23:38:18Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots}} {{Speciesbox | name = Okapi | image = Saint-Aignan (Loir-et-Cher). Okapi.jpg | image_caption = Male in [[ZooParc de Beauval]] | status = EN | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |journal=[[The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] |publisher=[[IUCN]] |authors=Mallon, D., Kümpel, N., Quinn, A., Shurter, S., Lukas, J., Hart, J. A., Mapilanga, J., Beyers, R. & Maisels, F. |date=2015 |title=''Okapia johnstoni'' |page=e.T15188A51140517 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T15188A51140517.en |url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15188/51140517}}</ref> | parent_authority = [[Ray Lankester|Lankester]], 1901 | taxon = Okapia johnstoni | authority = ([[P.L. Sclater]], 1901) | range_map = Okapia johnstoni range map.png | range_map_caption = Range o the okapi }} The '''okapi''', '''''Okapia johnstoni''''', is a [[giraffid]] [[artiodactyl]] [[mammal]] native tae the [[Ituri Rainforest]], locatit in the northeast o the [[Democratic Republic o the Congo]], in Central Africae. Altho the okapi bears striped markins reminiscent o [[zebra]]s, it is maist closely relatit tae the [[giraffe]]. The ainimal wis broucht tae prominent European attention bi speculation on its existence foond in popular press reports coverin [[Henry Morton Stanley]]'s joorneys in 1887. Remains o a carcass wur later sent tae Lunnon bi the Inglis adventurer an colonial admeenistrator [[Harry Johnston]] an acame a media event in 1901.<ref>{{Cite journal | url = http://books.google.com/?id=hpR_hPSqYa0C&pg=PA544&dq=Harry+Johnston+okapi#v=onepage&q=Harry%20Johnston%20okapi&f=false | title = The American review of reviews | author1 = Shaw | first1 = Albert | year = 1918}}</ref> The day, aboot 10,000–20,000 remain in the wild an as o 2011, 42 different institutions display them warldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.zoo.ac.za/newsletter/issues/02/06.html |title=National Zoological Gardens of South Africa: National Zoo gets rare okapis. |access-date=2013-07-11 |archive-date=2007-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006034617/http://www.zoo.ac.za/newsletter/issues/02/06.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="ISIS">{{cite web|url=https://app.isis.org/abstracts/Abs77557.asp#1.0 |title=ISIS Species Holdings: ''Okapi johnstoni'' |publisher=International Species Holding Information System (ISIS) |date=2011-01-12 |accessdate=2011-03-23}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070903180604/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/wildfacts/factfiles/630.shtml BBC - Science & Naitur - Wildfacts - Okapi] * [http://www.theokapi.org The okapi management steid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110906011003/http://theokapi.org/ |date=2011-09-06 }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q82037}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Giraffes]] [[Category:Endemic fauna o the Democratic Republic o the Congo]] [[Category:Yerbivorous mammals]] [[Category:Mammals o the Democratic Republic o the Congo]] [[Category:Livin fossils]] [[Category:Endangered fauna o Africae]] [[Category:Mammals descrived in 1901]] 5e4mw7scuqcqa5uesphj84frz8ezk10 0 54601 918414 911688 2026-06-20T00:38:10Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |en_name=Perm |ru_name=Пермь |other_name=Перем |other_lang=Komi-Permyak |image_skyline=Perm Russia.jpg |image_caption=View o Perm |coordinates = {{coord|58|00|N|56|19|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=bottom |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Perm.svg |coa_caption=Coat o Airms o Perm |image_flag=Flag of Perm.svg |flag_caption=Flag o Perm |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday=Juin&nbsp;12 |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=[[Perm Krai]] |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref127">Law #416-67</ref> |adm_data_as_of=December 2011 |adm_city_jur=[[ceety o federal subject signeeficance|ceety o krai signeeficance]] o Perm |adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref127" /> |adm_ctr_of1=[[Perm Krai]] |adm_ctr_of1_ref= |adm_ctr_of2=[[Permsky Destrict]] |adm_ctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref127" /> |adm_ctr_of3=ceety o krai signeeficance o Perm |adm_ctr_of3_ref=<ref name="Ref127" /> |inhabloc_cat=Ceety |inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref127" /> |mun_data_as_of=August 2012 |urban_okrug_jur=Perm Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref843">Law #2038-446</ref> |mun_admctr_of1=Perm Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Ref843" /> |mun_admctr_of2=Permsky Municipal Destrict |mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref1262">Law #1868-402</ref> |leader_title=City Head |leader_title_ref= |leader_name=Igor Sapko |leader_name_ref= |representative_body=[[Perm Ceety Duma|Ceety Duma]] |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2= |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=991162 |pop_2010census_rank=13t |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" /> |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=May&nbsp;15, 1723 |established_title= |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date=October&nbsp;29, 1781 |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1=Yegoshikha |prev_name1_date=1940 |prev_name1_ref= |prev_name2=Molotov |prev_name2_date=October&nbsp;2,{{citation needed|date=May 2010}} 1957 |prev_name2_ref=<ref name="Name2" /> |prev_name3= |prev_name3_date= |prev_name3_ref= |postal_codes=614xxx |postal_codes_ref= |dialing_codes=342 |dialing_codes_ref= |website=http://www.gorodperm.ru/ |website_ref= |commonscat=Perm |date=Mey 2010 }} '''Perm''' ({{lang-rus|Пермь|p=pʲermʲ}};<ref name="Gramota">Gramota.ru. [http://www.gramota.ru/spravka/buro/search_answer/?page=103&s=%F1%EE%E3%EB%E0%F1%ED%EE #18475]</ref> [[Komi-Permyak leid|Komi-Permyak]]: Перем, ''Perem''; {{lang-kv|Перым, ''Perym''}}) is a [[types o inhabitit localities in Roushie|ceety]] an the [[admeenistrative center]] o [[Perm Krai]], [[Roushid]], locatit on the banks o the [[Kama River]] in the European pairt o Roushie near the [[Ural Muntains]]. Frae 1940 tae 1957 it wis named '''Molotov''' ({{lang|ru|Мо́лотов}}).<ref name="Name2">Official website of Perm. [http://www.gorodperm.ru/en/perm/history/ History].</ref> Accordin tae the [[Roushie Census (2010)|2010 Census]], Perm's population is 991,162,<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> doun frae 1,001,653 recordit in the [[Roushie Census (2002)|2002 Census]]<ref name="2002Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}}</ref> an 1,090,944 recordit in [[Soviet Census (1989)|1989 Census]].<ref name="1989Census">{{ru-pop-ref|1989Census}}</ref> As o the 2010 Census, the ceety wis the [[leet o ceeties an touns in Roushie bi population|thirteent maist populous]] in Roushie.<ref name="2010Census" /> ==Climate== Perm haes a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfb''). <div style="width:75%;"> {{Weather box |location=Perm |metric first=yes |single line=yes |Jan high C = −9.3 |Feb high C = −7.6 |Mar high C = 0.1 |Apr high C = 8.7 |May high C = 16.9 |Jun high C = 22.5 |Jul high C = 24.2 |Aug high C = 20.5 |Sep high C = 13.9 |Oct high C = 5.9 |Nov high C = −3.1 |Dec high C = −8.0 |Jan mean C = −12.8 |Feb mean C = −11.6 |Mar mean C = −4.2 |Apr mean C = 3.6 |May mean C = 10.4 |Jun mean C = 16.5 |Jul mean C = 18.7 |Aug mean C = 15.3 |Sep mean C = 9.8 |Oct mean C = 3.0 |Nov mean C = −5.8 |Dec mean C = −11.1 |Jan low C = −16.2 |Feb low C = −15.1 |Mar low C = −8.2 |Apr low C = −0.9 |May low C = 5.4 |Jun low C = 11.1 |Jul low C = 13.3 |Aug low C = 10.9 |Sep low C = 6.2 |Oct low C = 0.5 |Nov low C = −8.4 |Dec low C = −14.2 |year high C= 7.1 |year low C= −1.3 |year high F =44.7 |year low F = 29.7 |Jan record high C = 4.3 |Feb record high C = 6.0 |Mar record high C = 15.0 |Apr record high C = 27.3 |May record high C = 34.6 |Jun record high C = 35.4 |Jul record high C = 36.6 |Aug record high C = 37.2 |Sep record high C = 30.7 |Oct record high C = 22.5 |Nov record high C = 11.9 |Dec record high C = 4.5 |year record high C= 37.2 |Jan record low C = −44.9 |Feb record low C = −40.8 |Mar record low C = −34.8 |Apr record low C = −23.5 |May record low C = −13.0 |Jun record low C = −3.4 |Jul record low C = 1.3 |Aug record low C = −1.9 |Sep record low C = −7.8 |Oct record low C = −25.2 |Nov record low C = −38.5 |Dec record low C = −47.1 |year record low C= −47.1 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 44 |Feb precipitation mm = 30 |Mar precipitation mm = 28 |Apr precipitation mm = 36 |May precipitation mm = 59 |Jun precipitation mm = 79 |Jul precipitation mm = 69 |Aug precipitation mm = 76 |Sep precipitation mm = 72 |Oct precipitation mm = 64 |Nov precipitation mm = 55 |Dec precipitation mm = 45 |year precipitation mm = 657 |Jan humidity = 85 |Feb humidity = 81 |Mar humidity = 74 |Apr humidity = 66 |May humidity = 61 |Jun humidity = 68 |Jul humidity = 71 |Aug humidity = 77 |Sep humidity = 81 |Oct humidity = 83 |Nov humidity = 85 |Dec humidity = 85 |year humidity = 76 |Jan rain days = 2 |Feb rain days = 2 |Mar rain days = 4 |Apr rain days = 10 |May rain days = 17 |Jun rain days = 17 |Jul rain days = 16 |Aug rain days = 19 |Sep rain days = 20 |Oct rain days = 16 |Nov rain days = 7 |Dec rain days = 4 |year rain days = 134 |Jan snow days = 27 |Feb snow days = 23 |Mar snow days = 18 |Apr snow days = 8 |May snow days = 3 |Jun snow days = 0.3 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 2 |Oct snow days = 13 |Nov snow days = 24 |Dec snow days = 27 |year snow days = 145 |Jan sun = 37.2 |Feb sun = 79.1 |Mar sun = 151.9 |Apr sun = 198.0 |May sun = 275.9 |Jun sun = 291.0 |Jul sun = 285.2 |Aug sun = 226.3 |Sep sun = 132.0 |Oct sun = 65.1 |Nov sun = 36.0 |Dec sun = 21.7 |year sun = |source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name="pogoda">{{cite web | url = http://www.pogoda.ru.net/climate/28224.htm | title = Pogoda.ru.net | accessdate = December 15, 2012 | publisher = | language = Russian | archive-date = 2013-04-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130415171900/http://www.pogoda.ru.net/climate/28224.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref> |source 2 = Hong Kong Observatory (sun only)<ref name = HKO >{{cite web | url = http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/europe/russia/perm_e.htm | title = Climatological Information for Perm, Russia | publisher = [[Hong Kong Observatory]] | accessdate = December 15, 2012 | archive-date = 2019-10-26 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191026000511/https://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/europe/russia/perm_e.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref> |date=January 2012 }} </div> ==Twin touns an sister ceeties== {{See also|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Roushie}} Perm is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi: *[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|23px]] [[Louisville, Kentucky|Louisville]], [[Kentucky]], Unitit States, syne 1994 *[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|23px]] [[Oxford]], Unitit Kinrick, 1995 *[[File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|23px]] [[Qingdao]], Cheenae *[[File:Flag of Germany.svg|23px]] [[Duisburg]], Germany, syne 2007<ref name="Duisburg">{{cite web|url=http://www.duisburg.de/micro/english/introducing/102010100000187829.php|title=Cities Twinned with Duisburg|publisher=2009 [http://www.duisburg.de/ Duisberg City Council]|accessdate=2009-09-09}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} *{{Official website|http://www.gorodperm.ru/ }} *[http://www.duma.perm.ru/ Offeecial wabsteid o the Perm Ceety Duma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815031244/http://duma.perm.ru/ |date=2013-08-15 }} {{ru icon}} *[http://map.properm.ru/ Street View o Perm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223210544/http://map.properm.ru/ |date=2010-02-23 }} *[http://invest.permtpp.ru/en/main/ Perm Chamber o Commerce an Industry] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202035918/http://invest.permtpp.ru/en/main/ |date=2012-12-02 }} *[http://www.photoperm.ru/?s=0&c=0&lang=eng The Wastren Ural Photographic Album] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018195026/http://photoperm.ru/?s=0&c=0&lang=eng |date=2015-10-18 }} *[http://www.permonline.ru/~museum/romanov/ Virtual museum o Romanov in Perm]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071113075700/http://www.permonline.ru/~museum/romanov/ |date=2007-11-13 }} *[http://www.permonline.ru/english/perm/history.htm History o Perm]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070514210937/http://www.permonline.ru/english/perm/history.htm |date=2007-05-14 }} *[http://www.permian.ru/ The ceety o Perm - The poem o the toun] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806050443/http://www.permian.ru/ |date=2020-08-06 }} *[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1083/is_n10_v70/ai_18733466 Airticle aboot Perm Ballet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307015616/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1083/is_n10_v70/ai_18733466/ |date=2012-03-07 }} *[http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/28/world/europe/28perm.html?pagewanted=1&_r=2&emc=eta1 S. Kishkovsky "Modern Dance and Art Bring a Burst of Color to a Gray City"] *[http://www.operm.ru Unoffeecial wabsteid o Perm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130220106/http://operm.ru/ |date=2020-01-30 }} {{div col end}} ===Eddication=== *[http://www.psu.ru/?a=0&lang=Eng&m=008 Perm State Varsity] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121125064451/http://www.psu.ru/?a=0&lang=Eng&m=008 |date=2012-11-25 }} *[http://www.pstu.ru/ Perm State Technical Varsity] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805063637/http://pstu.ru/ |date=2013-08-05 }} *[http://www.psfa.ru/english/ Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415025401/http://www.psfa.ru/english/ |date=2008-04-15 }} *[http://balletschool.perm.ru/eng/ Perm State Choreographic Schuil] [[Category:Perm| ]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1723]] [[Category:Geological type localities]] j1h74x69lmwrz77ecytkphmkt6hbned 0 55498 918400 885923 2026-06-19T23:18:03Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{about|the toun in the Aleppo Govrenorate|the toun in the Idlib Govrenorate|Kafr Nabl}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Nubl |native_name = <big>نبل</big> |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |pushpin_map =Syria |pushpin_mapsize =250 |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = [[Sirie]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Govrenorates o Sirie|Govrenorate]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Aleppo Govrenorate|Aleppo]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Destricts o Sirie|Destrict]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Azaz Destrict|A'zaz]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah|Subdestrict]] |subdivision_name3 = Nubl |settlement_type = Toun<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Metric <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2004 census |population_note = |population_total = 21,039 |population_footnotes = <ref name="CBS"/> |population_blank1_title =Releegions |population_blank1 =[[Shia Muslim]] |timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +2 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |coordinates = {{coord|36|22|32|N|36|59|39|E|region:SY|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Nubl''' ({{lang-ar|<big>نبل</big>}}, spelt '''Nubbul''' or '''Nubbol''' an aw) is a sma ceety in northren [[Sirie]], admeenistratively pairt o the [[Aleppo Govrenorate]], locatit northwast o [[Aleppo]]. Nearbi localities include [[al-Zahraa]] immediately tae the sooth, [[Anadan]] tae the sootheast, [[Tell Rifaat]] tae the northeast, [[Aqiba]] tae the north an [[Barad, Sirie|Barad]] tae the wast. Accordin tae the [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]] (CBS), Nubl haed a population o 21,039 in the 2004 census.<ref name="CBS">[http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB02-26-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110122734/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB02-26-2004.htm |date=2020-01-10 }}. [[:en:Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics]] (CBS). Aleppo Govrenorate. {{ar icon}}</ref> Its inhabitants are predominantly [[Shia Islam|Shia Muslim]]s an thegither wi nearbi [[al-Zahraa]], Nubl forms a smaw Shia-inhabitit pocket in a maistly [[Sunni Islam|Sunni Muslim]] aurie in the Aleppo Govrenorate.<ref name="Hendawi"/> ==References== {{reflist}} {{Aleppo Govrenorate|azaz}} [[Category:Populatit places in Azaz Destrict]] [[Category:Touns in Sirie]] o9b6ab5ve2u284qmvwn1ebggxde7lpd 0 55982 918430 885854 2026-06-20T04:41:50Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox swimmer | name = Ranomi Kromowidjojo | image = Ranomi Kromowidjojo 2010 closeup.jpg | imagesize = | caption = | fullname = Ranomi Kromowidjojo | nicknames = | nationality = {{NED}} | strokes = freestyle | club = Nationaal Zweminstituut Eindhoven | collegeteam = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1990|8|20}} | birth_place = [[Sauwerd]], Netherlands | death_date = | death_place = | height = {{height|m=1.78|precision=0}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRM/ENG/BIO/Athlete/3/217803.shtml |title=Beijing 2008 profile |access-date=2008-08-10 |archive-date=2008-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080810232405/http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRM/ENG/BIO/Athlete/3/217803.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> | weight = {{convert|67|kg|lb st|abbr=on}} | medaltemplates = {{MedalOlympic}} {{MedalGold| [[Swimmin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics|2008 Beijing]] | [[Swimmin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold| [[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics|2012 Lunnon]] | [[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold| [[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics|2012 Lunnon]] | [[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics|2012 Lunnon]]|[[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FINA Warld Aquatics Championships|Warld Championships (LC)]]}} {{MedalGold| [[Swimmin at the 2009 Warld Aquatics Championships|2009 Roum]] | [[Swimmin at the 2009 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold| [[Swimmin at the 2011 Warld Aquatics Championships|2011 Shanghai]] | [[Swimmin at the 2011 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold|[[Swimmin at the 2013 Warld Aquatics Championships|2013 Barcelona]]|[[Swimmin at the 2013 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalSilver| 2011 Shanghai | [[Swimmin at the 2011 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[2015 Warld Aquatics Championships|2015 Kazan]]|[[Soummin at the 2015 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalSilver|2015 Kazan|[[Soummin at the 2015 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]]}} {{medalSilver|2015 Kazan|{{nowrap|[[Soumming at the 2015 Warld Aquatics Championships – 4 × 100 metre mixed freestyle relay|4×100 m mixed freestyle]]}}}} {{MedalBronze| [[Swimmin at the 2007 Warld Aquatics Championships|2007 Melbourne]] | [[Swimmin at the 2007 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze| 2011 Shanghai | [[Swimmin at the 2011 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze|[[Swimmin at the 2013 Warld Aquatics Championships|2013 Barcelona]]|[[Swimmin at the 2013 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze| 2013 Barcelona | [[Swimmin at the 2011 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 50 metre butterfly|50 m butterflee]]}} {{MedalBronze| 2013 Barcelona | [[Swimmin at the 2013 Warld Aquatics Championships – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FINA Warld Championships - Short Coorse|Warld Championships (SC)]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2008 FINA Short Coorse Warld Championships|2008 Manchester]] | 4×200&nbsp;m freestyle}} {{MedalGold|[[2010 FINA Short Coorse Warld Championships|2010 Dubai]]|[[2010 FINA Warld Swimmin Championships (25 m) – Weemen's 50 metre freestyle|50&nbsp;m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold|2010 Dubai|[[2010 FINA Warld Swimmin Championships (25 m) – Weemen's 100 metre freestyle|100&nbsp;m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold|2010 Dubai|[[2010 FINA Warld Swimmin Championships (25 m) – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold | [[2014 FINA Warld Swimmin Championships (25 m)|2014 Doha]]|[[2014 FINA Warld Swimmin Championships (25 m) – Weemen's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold | 2014 Doha | [[2014 FINA Warld Swimmin Championships (25 m) – Weemen's 4 × 50 metre freestyle relay|4×50 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold | 2014 Doha | [[2014 FINA Warld Swimmin Championships (25 m) – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold | 2014 Doha | [[2014 FINA Warld Swimmin Championships (25 m) – Weemen's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay|4×200 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze | 2014 Doha | [[2014 FINA Warld Swimming Championships (25 m) – Weemen's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[LEN European Aquatics Championships|European Championships (LC)]]}} {{MedalGold| [[2008 European Aquatics Championships|2008 Eindhoven]] | 4×100 m freestyle}} {{MedalSilver| [[2006 European Aquatics Championships|2006 Budapest]] | 4×100 m freestyle}} {{MedalCompetition|[[European Short Coorse Swimmin Championships|European Championships (SC)]]}} {{MedalGold| [[European Short Coorse Swimmin Championships 2007|2007 Debrecen]] | 4×50 m freestyle}} {{MedalGold| [[European Short Coorse Swimmin Championships 2008|2008 Rijeka]] | 4×50 m freestyle}} {{MedalGold| 2008 Rijeka | 4×50 m medley}} {{MedalGold| [[European Short Coorse Swimmin Championships 2009|2009 Istanbul]] | 4×50 m freestyle}} {{MedalGold| 2009 Istanbul | 4×50 m medley}} {{MedalGold| [[European Short Coorse Swimmin Championships 2010|2010 Eindhoven]] | 50 m freestyle}} {{MedalGold| 2010 Eindhoven | 100 m freestyle}} {{MedalGold| 2010 Eindhoven | 4×50 m freestyle}} {{MedalGold| 2010 Eindhoven | 4×50 m medley}} {{MedalSilver| 2009 Istanbul | 50 m freestyle}} {{MedalSilver| 2009 Istanbul | 100 m freestyle}} {{MedalBronze| 2008 Rijeka | 100 m freestyle}} {{MedalBronze | 2013 Herning | {{nowrap|4×50 m mixed freestyle}}}} }} '''Ranomi Kromowidjojo''' ({{IPA-nl|ˌkromowiˈdʒojo}}; <small>[[Enhanced Indonesian Spellin Seestem|Enhanced Spellin]]: '''Ranomi Kromowijoyo''';</small> born August 20, 1990 in [[Sauwerd]], Netherlands) is a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[swimmer]]<ref>[http://www.deolympische-spelen.nl/debutanten2.htm deolympische-spelen.nl] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724151046/http://www.deolympische-spelen.nl/debutanten2.htm |date=2011-07-24 }}.</ref> o mixed Dutch-[[Java]]nese [[Suriname]]se origin who mainly specialises in sprint [[Freestyle swimmin|freestyle]] events. She is a triple Olympic champion, winnin the gowd medal in the [[Swimmin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle relay]] at the [[2008 Simmer Olympics|2008 Olympics]] an in the [[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] an [[Swimmin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]] at the [[2012 Simmer Olympics|2012 Olympics]]. As pairt o the Dutch team, she haulds the warld records in the 4×50 m<ref>[http://www.fina.org/project/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=636&Itemid=9 4×100 m Freestyle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622104757/http://www.fina.org/project/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=636&Itemid=9 |date=2015-06-22 }}. Fina.org. Retrieved on 2008-03-18.</ref> freestyle relay on short coorse (25 m puil), an 4×100 m freestyle relay on lang coorse (50 m puil)<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/03/18/swimming.netherlands.ap/ Dutch girls grab world swim relay record] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080327010632/http://www.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/03/18/swimming.netherlands.ap/ |date=2008-03-27 }}. [[CNN]]. Retrieved on 2008-03-18.</ref> an short coorse. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.ranomi.nl/ Ranomi.nl] (offeecial wabsteid) *[http://ranomi.web-log.nl/ Ranomi.web-log.nl] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825160144/http://ranomi.web-log.nl/ |date=2011-08-25 }} (wablog) *[http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/kr/ranomi-kromowidjojo-1.html Sports Reference Profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121207055106/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/kr/ranomi-kromowidjojo-1.html |date=2012-12-07 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120815025616/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kromowidjojo-ranomi-1119309/ Lunnon 2012 Profile] {{DEFAULTSORT:Kromowidjojo, Ranomi}} [[Category:1990 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Warld record hauders in soummin]] [[Category:Olympic soummers o the Netherlands]] [[Category:Soummers at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Soummers at the 2012 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Olympic gowd medallists for the Netherlands]] [[Category:Dutch fowk o Indonesie strynd]] [[Category:Dutch fowk o Surinamese strynd]] [[Category:Surinamese fowk o Javanese strynd]] [[Category:Javanese fowk]] [[Category:Olympic medallists in soummin]] [[Category:Female freestyle soummers]] [[Category:Warld Aquatics Championships medallists in soummin]] [[Category:Fowk frae Winsum]] [[Category:Olympic siller medallists for the Netherlands]] [[Category:Medallists at the FINA Warld Soummin Championships (25 m)]] [[Category:Dutch female soummers]] [[Category:European Aquatics Championships medallists in soummin]] [[Category:Medallists at the 2012 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Medallists at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] ovrmvkgis21vnd41642leswcqmm8bho 0 56122 918356 917714 2026-06-19T14:34:57Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918356 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:World Population.svg|thumb|right|300px|A cairt o warld population.]] This is a leet o [[leet o sovereign states|independent kintras]] an inhabitit [[dependent territory|dependent territories]]—based on the ISO staundart [[ISO 3166-1]]—bi [[population]]. An aa gien in percent is each kintra's population compared tae the [[Warld population|population o the warld]], which accordin tae the [[Unitit States Census Bureau]] population clock is estimatit at 7.104 billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/main/www/popclock.html | title=U.S. & World Population Clocks | publisher=Census.gov | date=2012-04-06 | accessdate=2012-04-17}}</ref> Accordin tae a separate estimate bi the [[Unitit Nations]], warld population exceedit 7&nbsp;billion in October 2011.<ref name=UN7bn> {{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-15459643 | title=Population seven billion: UN sets out challenges | date=2011-10-26 | publisher=BBC | accessdate=2011-10-27}} </ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/31/seven-billionth-baby-born-philippines?intcmp=122 | title=World's 'seven billionth baby' is born | date=2011-10-31 | publisher=The Guardian |accessdate=2011-10-31}}</ref><ref>[http://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2011/10/31/7-billion-people-is-a-serious-challenge/UPI-73301320046200 "7 billion people is a 'serious challenge'"]. UPI, 31 October 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-09.</ref> Auries that form integral pairts o sovereign states, sic as the [[kintras o the Unitit Kinrick]], are coontit as pairt o the sovereign states concerned. Nae included are ither entities, sic as the [[European Union]],<ref>The European Union is a ''[[sui generis]]'' [[supranational union]] whose sovereign members delegate to it by treaty certain powers that are often exercised by sovereign states. Its combined population has been estimated at 503,491,975 on January 1, 2012, it would be ranked 3rd if it were included in the list, and it has {{#expr: 503491975 / {{worldpop}} * 100 round 2}}% of the world's population&nbsp;— see {{cite web | title=Total population | publisher=[[Eurostat]] | url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&language=en&pcode=tps00001 | accessdate=2010-06-18}}</ref> that are nae sovereign states, an dependent territories that dae nae hae permanent populations, sic as [[Territorial claims o Antarctica|various kintras' claims]] tae [[Antarctica]].{{ref|n1|n1}} Figures uised in this chart are based on the maist up tae date estimate or projections<ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/18651512 China's Population: The Most Surprising Demographic Crisis], The Economist, 2013.</ref> bi the naitional [[census]] authority whaur available, an are uisually roondit aff. Whaur updatit naitional data are nae available, figurs are based on the 2013 estimates bi the Population Diveesion o the [[Unitit Naitions Depairtment o Economic an Social Affairs]].<ref name=unpop>{{cite journal |url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm | title=World Population Prospects| version=2012 revision | publisher=United Nations | author=Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division | year=2013 | accessdate= 2013-06-15}}</ref> Acause the compiled figurs are nae collectit at the same time in every kintra, or at the same level o [[statistics|accuracy]], the resultin numerical comparisons mey creaut misleadin conclusions. Furthermair, the addeetion o figures frae aw kintras mey nae equal the warld tot. For a graphical version o this leet, see [[leet o kintras bi population (graphical)]]. See an aa [[Leet o sovereign states an dependent territories bi population density]] an the [[leet o regional organisations bi population]]. ==Kintras== <!-- PLEASE READ BEFORE EDITING! WHEN YOU UPDATE A COUNTRY'S POPULATION - PLEASE ALSO UPDATE THE EXPRESSION NEXT TO IT (column "% of world population") WITH THE SAME NUMBER EXCLUDING COMMAS (the #expr: equation). --> '''Note:''' Aw dependent territories are shawn in ''italics''. {|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" |- !Rank!!Kintra (or dependent territory)!!Population!!Date!!% o warld<br />population!!Soorce |- | - |align=left|[[Warld]] |{{formatnum: {{#expr: {{worldpop}} round -5}}}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |100.00% |align=left|[http://www.census.gov/popclock USCB's warld population clock] |- |1 |align=left|{{CHN}}<ref>Census figure refers to mainland [[China]], excluding its Special Administrative Regions (SARs) of [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]]. The first one returned to Chinese sovereignty in mid-1997 and the second one did so on December 20, 1999.</ref> |{{data Cheenae|poptoday 1}} |align=left|[http://www.cpirc.org.cn/index.asp Chinese Official Population Clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031204051308/http://www.cpirc.org.cn/index.asp |date=2003-12-04 }} |- |2 |align=left|{{IND}} |{{data Indie|poptoday 1}} |align=left|[http://www.indiastat.com/ Indian Official Population Clock] |- |3 |align=left|{{USA}} |{{data Unitit States|poptoday 1}} |align=left|[http://www.census.gov/popclock Official population clock] |- |4 |align=left|{{IDN}} |237,641,326 |Mey 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 237641326/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.bps.go.id/eng/tab_sub/view.php?kat=1&tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=12&notab=1 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014161735/http://www.bps.go.id/eng/tab_sub/view.php?kat=1&tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=12&notab=1 |date=2014-10-14 }} |- |5 |align=left|{{BRA}} |193,946,886 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 193946886/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/presidencia/noticias/noticia_visualiza.php?id_noticia=2204&id_pagina=1 Official estimate] |- |6 |align=left|{{PAK}} |{{data Pakistan|poptoday 1}} |align=left|[http://www.census.gov.pk Official population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225211657/http://www.census.gov.pk/%20 |date=2018-12-25 }} |- |7 |align=left|{{NGA}} |173,615,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 173615000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |8 |align=left|{{BGD}} |152,518,015 |Julie 16, 2012 |{{#expr: 152518015/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[https://web.archive.org/web/20121009045253/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Bangladesh_glance.pdf Official estimate] |- |9 |align=left|{{RUS}} |143,400,000 |julie 1, 2019 |{{#expr: 143400000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.gks.ru/bgd/free/B13_00/IssWWW.exe/Stg/dk04/8-0.htm Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326010717/http://www.gks.ru/bgd/free/B13_00/IssWWW.exe/Stg/dk04/8-0.htm |date=2014-03-26 }} |- |10 |align=left|{{MEX}} |126,577,691 |Julie 1, 2019 |{{#expr: 126577691/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.conapo.gob.mx/work/models/CONAPO/Mapa_Ind_Dem18/index_2.html Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190103091405/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/work/models/CONAPO/Mapa_Ind_Dem18/index_2.html |date=2019-01-03 }} |- |11 |align=left|{{JPN}} |126,200,000 |Mey 1, 2019 |{{#expr: 126200000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/tsuki/index.htm Monthly official estimate] |- |12 |align=left|{{PHL}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (92337.852+4.881*{{Age in days|2010|5|1}}) round 0}}000}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (92337852+4881*{{Age in days|2010|5|1}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.popcom.gov.ph Official population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403061418/http://www.popcom.gov.ph/ |date=2019-04-03 }} |- |13 |align=left|{{VNM}} |88,780,000 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 88780000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=508&ItemID=13500 Official estimate] |- |14 |align=left|{{ETH}} |86,613,986 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 86613986/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.csa.gov.et/images/documents/pdf_files/nationalstatisticsabstract/2012/2012%20POPULATION.pdf Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923211418/http://www.csa.gov.et/images/documents/pdf_files/nationalstatisticsabstract/2012/2012%20POPULATION.pdf |date=2015-09-23 }} |- |15 |align=left|{{EGY}} |83,661,000 |Januar 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 83661000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptInFigure/EgyptinFigures/Tables/English/pop/population/index.html Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525221856/http://www.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptInFigure/EgyptinFigures/Tables/English/pop/population/index.html |date=2013-05-25 }} |- |16 |align=left|{{DEU}} |80,493,000 |September 30, 2012 |{{#expr: 80493000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/GesellschaftStaat/Bevoelkerung/Bevoelkerungsstand/Tabellen/Zensus_Geschlecht_Staatsangehoerigkeit.html Quarterly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113161057/https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/GesellschaftStaat/Bevoelkerung/Bevoelkerungsstand/Tabellen/Zensus_Geschlecht_Staatsangehoerigkeit.html |date=2013-11-13 }} |- |17 |align=left|{{IRN}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (75149.669+2.531*{{Age in days|2011|10|24}}) round 0}}000}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (75149669+2531*{{Age in days|2011|10|24}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.amar.org.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=133 Official population clock] |- |18 |align=left|{{TUR}} |75,627,384 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 75627384/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=13425 Official estimate]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829011325/http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=13425 |date=2013-08-29 }} |- |19 |align=left|{{COD}} |67,514,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 67514000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |20 |align=left|{{THA}} |65,926,261 |September 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 65926261/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://web.nso.go.th/index.htm 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925201333/http://web.nso.go.th/index.htm |date=2015-09-25 }} |- |21 |align=left|{{FRA}}<ref>Estimate not only refers to [[metropolitan France]], but also includes its separatedly listed [[overseas departments]] ''(Départements d'outre-mer'', DOM) of [[French Guiana]], [[Guadeloupe]], [[Martinique]], [[Mayotte]] (from March 31, 2011) and [[Réunion]] and its [[overseas collectivities]] ''(Collectivités d'outre-mer,'' COM) of [[French Polynesia]], [[Saint Barthélemy]], [[Saint Martin (France)|Saint Martin]], [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]] and [[Wallis and Futuna]]. The population of [[metropolitan France]] alone stood at 63,822,000 in 1 July 2013, according to a monthly official estimate [www.insee.fr/fr/bases-de-donnees/bsweb/serie.asp?idbank=000436387].</ref> |65,707,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 65707000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.insee.fr/en/bases-de-donnees/bsweb/serie.asp?idbank=001641607 Monthly official estimate] |- |22 |align=left|{{GBR}} |63,705,000 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 63705000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-uk--england-and-wales--scotland-and-northern-ireland/mid-2011-and-mid-2012/index.html Official estimate]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |23 |align=left|{{ITA}} |59,704,082 |Januar 31, 2013 |{{#expr: 59704082/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://demo.istat.it/bilmens2013gen/index_e.html Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130803023947/http://demo.istat.it/bilmens2013gen/index_e.html |date=2013-08-03 }} |- |24 |align=left|{{MMR}} |53,259,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 53259000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |25 |align=left|{{ZAF}} |52,981,991 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 52981991/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0302/P03022013.pdf Official estimate] |- |26 |align=left|{{KOR}} |50,219,669 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 50219669/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://kosis.kr/gen_etl/check_miplatform.jsp?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1B35001&vw_cd=MT_ETITLE&list_id=&empId=&scrId=&seqNo=&dbkind=ETLDB&lang_mode=ko_en&dsu=nsi&conn_path=A6 Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110012919/http://kosis.kr/gen_etl/check_miplatform.jsp?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1B35001&vw_cd=MT_ETITLE&list_id=&empId=&scrId=&seqNo=&dbkind=ETLDB&lang_mode=ko_en&dsu=nsi&conn_path=A6 |date=2013-11-10 }} |- |27 |align=left|{{COL}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (42888.592+1.449*{{Age in days|2005|6|30}}) round 0}}000}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (42888592+1449*{{Age in days|2005|6|30}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/reloj_animado.php Official population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114091321/http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/reloj_animado.php |date=2012-01-14 }} |- |28 |align=left|{{ESP}} |47,059,533 |Januar 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 47059533/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.es/prensa/np776.pdf Annual official estimate] |- |29 |align=left|{{UKR}} |45,480,315 |Juin 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 45480315/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/operativ/operativ2013/ds/kn/kn_e/kn0613_e.html Monthly official estimate] |- |30 |align=left|{{TZA}} |44,928,923 |August 26, 2012 |{{#expr: 44928923/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230453/http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/PDF/Census%20General%20Report%20-%2029%20March%202013_Combined_Final%20for%20Printing.pdf 2012 census result] |- |31 |align=left|{{KEN}} |44,354,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 44354000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |32 |align=left|{{ARG}} |40,117,096 |October 27, 2010 |{{#expr: 40117096/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.indec.gov.ar/nuevaweb/cuadros/novedades/gacetilla_01_09_11.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034527/http://www.indec.gov.ar/nuevaweb/cuadros/novedades/gacetilla_01_09_11.pdf |date=2015-09-24 }} |- |33 |align=left|{{POL}} |38,533,299 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 38533299/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/LU_ludnosc_stan_struktura_31_12_2012.pdf Official estimate] |- |34 |align=left|{{SDN}} |37,964,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 37964000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |35 |align=left|{{DZA}} |37,900,000 |Januar 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 37900000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ons.dz/-Demographie-.html Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306220607/http://www.ons.dz/-Demographie-.html |date=2012-03-06 }} |- |36 |align=left|{{IRQ}} |35,404,000 |August 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 33330000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://cosit.gov.iq/english/AAS2012/section_2/1.htm Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029160543/http://cosit.gov.iq/english/AAS2012/section_2/1.htm |date=2012-10-29 }} |- |37 |align=left|{{CAN}} |35,141,542 |Aprile 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 35141542/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.statcan.gc.ca/start-debut-eng.html Official estimate] |- |38 |align=left|{{UGA}} |34,131,400 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 34131400/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/pdf%20documents/Popn_T3_2011.pdf Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802021657/http://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/pdf%20documents/Popn_T3_2011.pdf |date=2014-08-02 }} |- |39 |align=left|{{MAR}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (329500+9.7*{{Age in days|2013|7|1}}) round 0}}00}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (32950000+970*{{Age in days|2013|7|1}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.hcp.ma Official population clock] |- |40 |align=left|{{PER}} |30,475,144 |Juin 30, 2013 |{{#expr: 30475144/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.inei.gob.pe/biblioineipub/bancopub/Est/Lib0842/cap03.htm Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120601002017/http://www.inei.gob.pe/biblioineipub/bancopub/Est/Lib0842/cap03.htm |date=2012-06-01 }} |- |41 |align=left|{{MYS}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (297466.33+0.8750411*{{Age in days|2012|6|1}}) round 0}}00}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (2974663+87.50411*{{Age in days|2012|6|1}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=213&lang=en Official population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205145703/http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=213&lang=en |date=2013-12-05 }} <!-- source code at http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/populationclockNEW/BI.php --> |- |42 |align=left|{{UZB}} |29,559,100 |Januar 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 29559100/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.uz/press/1/3399/ Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809003329/http://www.stat.uz/press/1/3399/ |date=2013-08-09 }} |- |43 |align=left|{{SAU}} |29,195,895 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 29195895/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919225542/http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/ |date=2012-09-19 }} |- |44 |align=left|{{VEN}} |28,946,101 |October 30, 2011 |{{#expr: 28946101/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.gob.ve/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=473:para-el-30102011-28946101-total-preliminar-de-personas-en-venezuela&catid=121:censo-2011 Preliminary 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002094142/http://www.ine.gob.ve/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=473:para-el-30102011-28946101-total-preliminar-de-personas-en-venezuela&catid=121:censo-2011 |date=2013-10-02 }} |- |45 |align=left|{{NPL}} |26,494,504 |Juin 22, 2011 |{{#expr: 26494504/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/Major-Finding.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130717170017/http://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/Major-Finding.pdf |date=2013-07-17 }} |- |46 |align=left|{{AFG}} |25,500,100 |Januar 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 25500100/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://cso.gov.af/Content/files/Settled%20Population%20by%20Civil%20Division,.pdf Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918003706/http://cso.gov.af/Content/files/Settled%20Population%20by%20Civil%20Division,.pdf |date=2012-09-18 }} |- |47 |align=left|{{PRK}} |24,895,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 24895000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |48 |align=left|{{GHA}} |24,658,823 |September 26, 2010 |{{#expr: 24658823/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/2010_population_and_housing_census%28view_summary_of_final_results%29.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105945/http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/2010_population_and_housing_census%28view_summary_of_final_results%29.pdf |date=2015-09-24 }} |- |49 |align=left|{{YEM}} |24,527,000 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 24527000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.cso-yemen.org/content.php?lng=arabic&id=553 Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923211602/http://www.cso-yemen.org/content.php?lng=arabic&id=553 |date=2015-09-23 }} |- |50 |align=left|{{MOZ}} |23,700,715 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 23700715/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.gov.mz/Dashboards.aspx Official estimate] |- |51 |align=left|{{TWN}}<ref>[[Political status of Taiwan|Partially recognized state]], claimed by the [[People's Republic of China]] as one of its provinces. [[Taiwan]] also includes the minor islands of [[Kinmen]], [[Matsu]], [[Pescadores]], etc.</ref> |23,344,213 |Juin 30, 2013 |{{#expr: 23344213/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://eng.stat.gov.tw/point.asp?index=9 Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704022127/http://eng.stat.gov.tw/point.asp?index=9 |date=2014-07-04 }} |- |52 |align=left|{{CIV}} |23,202,000 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 23202000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ins.ci/n Official estimate] |- |53 |align=left|{{AUS}} <!--Please do not change the following formula. It automatically calculates the estimated population each day at 00:00 UTC based on the official population clock. Changing to a different formula makes it difficult to update on the three or four occasions each year when the rate of change varies. These formulae are used in multiple articles and provide consistency.--> |{{formatnum:{{#expr: 23000527 + (86400 / 83) * {{Age in days|2013|4|24}} round 0}}}} <!--AUTOUPDATES DAILY at 00:00 UTC, Australia pop clock adds 1 person every 83 seconds.--> |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (23000527 + (86400 / 83) * {{Age in days|2013|4|24}}) / {{worldpop}} * 100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/94713ad445ff1425ca25682000192af2/1647509ef7e25faaca2568a900154b63?OpenDocument Official population clock] |- |54 |align=left|{{SYR}} |21,377,000 |December 31, 2011 |{{#expr: 21377000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Syria.html Official estimate] |- |55 |align=left|{{MDG}} |20,696,070 |Julie 1, 2011 |{{#expr: 20696070/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.instat.mg/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=33&Itemid=56 Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520005948/http://www.instat.mg/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=33&Itemid=56 |date=2011-05-20 }} |- |56 |align=left|{{AGO}} |20,609,294 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 20609294/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.gov.ao Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126193220/http://www.ine.gov.ao/ |date=2015-11-26 }} |- |57 |align=left|{{CMR}} |20,386,799 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 20386799/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.cm/downloads/annuaire/2012/Annuaire-2012-chapitre-4.pdf Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517031000/http://www.stat.cm/downloads/annuaire/2012/Annuaire-2012-chapitre-4.pdf |date=2018-05-17 }} |- |58 |align=left|{{LKA}} |20,277,597 |Mairch 21, 2012 |{{#expr: 20277597/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.statistics.gov.lk/PopHouSat/CPH2011/Pages/sm/CPH%202011_R1.pdf Preliminary 2012 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206021926/http://www.statistics.gov.lk/PopHouSat/CPH2011/Pages/sm/CPH%202011_R1.pdf |date=2013-12-06 }} |- |59 |align=left|{{ROU}} |20,121,641 |October 20, 2011 |{{#expr: 20121641/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/REZULTATE-DEFINITIVE-RPL_2011.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130717125951/http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/REZULTATE-DEFINITIVE-RPL_2011.pdf |date=2013-07-17 }} |- |60 |align=left|{{BFA}} |17,322,796 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 17322796/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.insd.bf/fr Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814084502/http://www.insd.bf/fr |date=2012-08-14 }} |- |61 |align=left|{{NER}} |17,129,076 |December 10, 2012 |{{#expr: 17129076/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat-niger.org/statistique/file/rgph2012.pdf Preliminary 2012 census result] |- |62 |align=left|{{KAZ}} |17,028,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 17010000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.eng.stat.kz/Pages/default.aspx Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140117231623/http://www.eng.stat.kz/Pages/default.aspx |date=2014-01-17 }} |- |63 |align=left|{{NLD}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (167432.82+1.19*{{Age in days|2012|5|31}}) round 0}}00}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (16743282+119*{{Age in days|2012|5|31}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.cbs.nl/en-GB/menu/themas/bevolking/cijfers/extra/bevolkingsteller.htm Official population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090617194723/http://www.cbs.nl/en-GB/menu/themas/bevolking/cijfers/extra/bevolkingsteller.htm |date=2009-06-17 }} |- |64 |align=left|{{CHL}} |16,634,603 |Aprile 9, 2012 |{{#expr: 16634603/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.censo.cl/contenido/sintesis_resultados_censo_2012.pdf Final 2012 census result]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |65 |align=left|{{ECU}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (150000+6.95*{{Age in days|2011|6|15}}) round 0}}00}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (15000000+695*{{Age in days|2011|6|15}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.inec.gob.ec/proyecciones_poblacionales/relojnew.swf Official population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121131641/http://www.inec.gob.ec/proyecciones_poblacionales/relojnew.swf |date=2013-01-21 }} |- |66 |align=left|{{GTM}} |15,438,384 |Juin 30, 2013 |{{#expr: 15438384/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.gob.gt/np/poblacion/index.htm Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007193855/http://www.ine.gob.gt/np/poblacion/index.htm |date=2011-10-07 }} |- |67 |align=left|{{MLI}} |15,302,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 15302000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |68 |align=left|{{KHM}} |15,135,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 15135000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |69 |align=left|{{MWI}} |14,388,600 |Julie 1, 2011 |{{#expr: 14388600/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Malawi.html Official estimate] |- |70 |align=left|{{SEN}} |13,567,338 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 13567338/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ansd.sn/senegal_indicateurs.html Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117060113/http://www.ansd.sn/senegal_indicateurs.html |date=2012-01-17 }} |- |71 |align=left|{{ZMB}} |13,092,666 |October 16, 2010 |{{#expr: 13092666/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Zambia.html Final 2010 census result] |- |72 |align=left|{{ZWE}} |12,973,808 |August 17, 2012 |{{#expr: 12973808/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.zimstat.co.zw/dmdocuments/CensusPreliminary2012.pdf Preliminary 2012 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903060905/http://www.zimstat.co.zw/dmdocuments/CensusPreliminary2012.pdf |date=2013-09-03 }} |- |73 |align=left|{{TCD}} |12,825,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 12825000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |74 |align=left|{{SSD}} |11,296,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 11296000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |75 |align=left|{{CUB}} |11,163,934 |September 15, 2012 |{{#expr: 11163934/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.one.cu/publicaciones/cepde/cpv2012/20121212cifraspreliminares/resultados%20preliminares.pdf Preliminary 2012 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130718202826/http://www.one.cu/publicaciones/cepde/cpv2012/20121212cifraspreliminares/resultados%20preliminares.pdf |date=2013-07-18 }} |- |76 |align=left|{{BEL}} |11,156,136 |Juin 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 11156136/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090419074752/http://www.ibz.rrn.fgov.be/fileadmin/user_upload/Registre/fr/statistiques_population/stat_1_f.pdf Monthly official estimate] |- |77 |align=left|{{GIN}} |10,824,200 |Julie 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 10824200/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat-guinee.org Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712050037/http://www.stat-guinee.org/ |date=2012-07-12 }} |- |78 |align=left|{{GRC}} |10,815,197 |Mey 24, 2011 |{{#expr: 10815197/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.statistics.gr/portal/page/portal/ESYE/BUCKET/General/A1602_SAM01_DT_DC_00_2011_02_F_GR.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817195146/http://www.statistics.gr/portal/page/portal/ESYE/BUCKET/General/A1602_SAM01_DT_DC_00_2011_02_F_GR.pdf |date=2014-08-17 }} |- |79 |align=left|{{TUN}} |10,777,500 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 10777500/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ins.nat.tn/indexen.php Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904023615/http://www.ins.nat.tn/indexen.php |date=2015-09-04 }} |- |80 |align=left|{{PRT}} |10,562,178 |Mairch 21, 2011 |{{#expr: 10562178/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.pt/scripts/flex_definitivos/Main.html Final 2011 census result] |- |81 |align=left|{{RWA}} |10,537,222 |August 15, 2012 |{{#expr: 10537222/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.statistics.gov.rw/system/files/user_uploads/files/books/provisional%20results%20-%20eng.pdf Preliminary 2012 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019174254/http://www.statistics.gov.rw/system/files/user_uploads/files/books/provisional%20results%20-%20eng.pdf |date=2013-10-19 }} |- |82 |align=left|{{CZE}} |10,512,800 |Mairch 31, 2013 |{{#expr: 10512800/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.czso.cz/csu/csu.nsf/enginformace/coby061213.doc Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903205850/http://www.czso.cz/csu/csu.nsf/enginformace/coby061213.doc |date=2013-09-03 }} |- |83 |align=left|{{SOM}}<ref>Includes [[Puntland]] (with a population of about 3,900,000 inhabitants) and [[Somaliland]] (some 3,500,000 inhabitants).</ref> |10,496,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 10496000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |84 |align=left|{{HTI}} |10,413,211 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 10413211/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ihsi.ht/produit_demo_soc.htm Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721103153/http://www.ihsi.ht/produit_demo_soc.htm |date=2011-07-21 }} |- |85 |align=left|{{BEN}} |10,323,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 10323000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |86 |align=left|{{BDI}} |10,163,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 10163000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |87 |align=left|{{BOL}} |10,027,254 |November 21, 2012 |{{#expr: 10027254/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.gob.bo:8081/censo2012/PDF/resultadosCPV2012.pdf 2012 census result] |- |88 |align=left|{{HUN}} |9,906,000 |Januar 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 9906000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://portal.ksh.hu/pls/ksh/docs/eng/xstadat/xstadat_annual/i_wdsd003b.html Annual official estimate] |- |89 |align=left|{{SWE}} |9,588,569 |Mey 31, 2013 |{{#expr: 9588569/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____25897.aspx Monthly official estimate] |- |90 |align=left|{{BLR}} |9,459,800 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 9459800/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[https://web.archive.org/web/20121022184751/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/en/indicators/press/demographics.php Monthly official estimate] |- |91 |align=left|{{DOM}} |9,445,281 |December 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 9445281/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.one.gov.do/index.php?module=articles&func=display&aid=2387 Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404103147/http://www.one.gov.do/index.php?module=articles&func=display&aid=2387 |date=2013-04-04 }} |- |92 |align=left|{{AZE}} |9,235,100 |Januar 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 9235100/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.azstat.org/statinfo/demoqraphic/en/AP_/AP_1.shtml Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207012257/http://www.azstat.org/statinfo/demoqraphic/en/AP_/AP_1.shtml |date=2012-02-07 }} |- |93 |align=left|{{AUT}} |8,464,554 |Aprile 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 8464554/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.statistik.at/web_de/presse/071726 Official estimate] |- |94 |align=left|{{HND}} |8,385,072 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 8385072/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.gob.hn/drupal/node/205 Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101017031001/http://www.ine.gob.hn/drupal/node/205 |date=2010-10-17 }} |- |95 |align=left|{{ARE}} |8,264,070 |Julie 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 8264070/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.uaestatistics.gov.ae/ReportPDF/Population%20Estimates%202006%20-%202010.pdf Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008044353/http://www.uaestatistics.gov.ae/ReportPDF/Population%20Estimates%202006%20-%202010.pdf |date=2013-10-08 }} |- |96 |align=left|{{CHE}} |8,058,100 |Mairch 31, 2013 |{{#expr: 8058100/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/themen/01/02/blank/key/bevoelkerungsstand/01.html Quarterly official estimate] |- |97 |align=left|{{ISR}} |8,051,200 |Juin 30, 2013 |{{#expr: 8051200/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www1.cbs.gov.il/publications13/yarhon0713/pdf/b1.pdf Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002094329/http://www1.cbs.gov.il/publications13/yarhon0713/pdf/b1.pdf |date=2013-10-02 }} |- |98 |align=left|{{TJK}} |8,000,000 |Aprile 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 8000000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.tj/en Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306125630/http://www.stat.tj/en/ |date=2012-03-06 }} |- |99 |align=left|{{BGR}} |7,282,041 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 7282041/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.nsi.bg/otrasal.php?otr=19&a1=376&a2=377&a3=378#cont Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113220442/http://www.nsi.bg/otrasal.php?otr=19&a1=376&a2=377&a3=378#cont |date=2012-11-13 }} |- |100 |align=left|{{SRB}}<ref>Excludes the [[Kosovo]] (1,733,872, [https://web.archive.org/web/20111112084432/http://esk.rks-gov.net/rekos2011/repository/docs/REKOS%20LEAFLET%20ALB%20FINAL.pdf 2011]).</ref> |7,241,295 |Januar 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 7241295/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/Public/PageView.aspx?pKey=2 Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225081855/http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/Public/PageView.aspx?pKey=2 |date=2015-12-25 }} |- |101 |align=left|{{HKG}}<ref>Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the [[People's Republic of China]] from July 1, 1997.</ref> |7,173,900 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 7173900/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hong_kong_statistics/statistics_by_subject/index.jsp?subjectID=1&charsetID=2&displayMode=T Official estimate]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609015356/http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hong_kong_statistics/statistics_by_subject/index.jsp?subjectID=1&charsetID=2&displayMode=T |date=2007-06-09 }} |- |102 |align=left|{{PNG}} |7,059,653 |Julie 10, 2011 |{{#expr: 7059653/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/PapuaNewGuinea.html 2011 census result] |- |103 |align=left|{{PRY}} |6,672,631 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 6672631/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.dgeec.gov.py/sub_index/Pobreza/Paraguay%20Evolucion%20de%20la%20Poblacion%20Total%20Periodo%201950-2002%20Proyeccion%202012.pdf Official estimate] |- |104 |align=left|{{LAO}} |6,580,800 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 6580800/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.nsc.gov.la/Statistics/Selected%20Statistics/Population.htm Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517150036/http://www.nsc.gov.la/Statistics/Selected%20Statistics/Population.htm |date=2012-05-17 }} |- |105 |align=left|{{JOR}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (62490+3.82*{{Age in days|2011|12|31}}) round 0}}00}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (6249000+382*{{Age in days|2011|12|31}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.dos.gov.jo/dos_home_e/main/index.htm Official population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117225318/http://www.dos.gov.jo/dos_home_e/main/index.htm |date=2012-01-17 }} |- |106 |align=left|{{ERI}} |6,333,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 6333000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |107 |align=left|{{LBY}} |6,202,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 6202000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |108 |align=left|{{TGO}} |6,191,155 |November 6, 2010 |{{#expr: 6191155/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat-togo.org/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=14&&Itemid=56 Final 2010 census result] |- |109 |align=left|{{SLE}} |6,190,280 |2013 |{{#expr: 6190280/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.statistics.sl/2004_pop._&_hou._census_analytical_reports/2004_population_and_housing_census_report_on_projection_for_sierra_leone.pdf Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730173852/http://www.statistics.sl/2004_pop._%26_hou._census_analytical_reports/2004_population_and_housing_census_report_on_projection_for_sierra_leone.pdf |date=2013-07-30 }} |- |110 |align=left|{{SLV}} |6,183,000 |Juin 30, 2010 |{{#expr: 6183000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/ElSalvador.html Official estimate] |- |111 |align=left|{{NIC}} |6,071,045 |Juin 30, 2012 |{{#expr: 6071045/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.inide.gob.ni/estadisticas/Cifras%20municipales%20año%202012%20INIDE.pdf Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230512/http://www.inide.gob.ni/estadisticas/Cifras%20municipales%20a%C3%B1o%202012%20INIDE.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |112 |align=left|{{DNK}} |5,605,836 |Aprile 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 5605836/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/befolkning-og-befolkningsfremskrivning.aspx Quarterly official estimate] |- |113 |align=left|{{KGZ}} |5,551,900 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 5551900/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://stat.kg/images/stories/docs/KZ/Demo/demo2.pdf Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909195539/http://stat.kg/images/stories/docs/KZ/Demo/demo2.pdf |date=2015-09-09 }} |- |114 |align=left|{{FIN}} |5,434,357 |Mey 31, 2013 |{{#expr: 5434357/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.fi/til/vrm_en.html Monthly official estimate] |- |115 |align=left|{{SVK}} |5,410,728 |Mairch 31, 2013 |{{#expr: 5410728/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://portal.statistics.sk/showdoc.do?docid=68588 Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031417/http://portal.statistics.sk/showdoc.do?docid=68588 |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |116 |align=left|{{SGP}} |5,310,000 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 5310000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.singstat.gov.sg Official estimate] |- |117 |align=left|{{TKM}} |5,240,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 5240000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |118 |align=left|{{NOR}} |5,063,709 |Mairch 31, 2013 |{{#expr: 5063709/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.ssb.no/en/befolkning/statistikker/folkendrkv/kvartal Quarterly official estimate] |- |119 |align=left|{{LBN}} |4,822,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 4822000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |120 |align=left|{{CRI}} |4,667,096 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 4667096/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.inec.go.cr/Web/Home/pagPrincipal.aspx Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327062704/http://www.inec.go.cr/Web/Home/pagPrincipal.aspx |date=2012-03-27 }} |- |121 |align=left|{{CAF}} |4,616,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 4616000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |122 |align=left|{{IRL}} |4,585,400 |Aprile 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 4585400/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.cso.ie/en/media/csoie/releasespublications/documents/population/2012/popmig_2012.pdf Annual official estimate] |- |123 |align=left|{{GEO}}<ref>Excludes ([http://www.geostat.ge/cms/site_images/_files/english/population/01%20Population%20by%20municipalities%20for%20the%20beginning%20of%20the%20year.xls 2012] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140722065134/http://www.geostat.ge/cms/site_images/_files/english/population/01%20Population%20by%20municipalities%20for%20the%20beginning%20of%20the%20year.xls |date=2014-07-22 }}) the [[Republic of Abkhazia]] (242,862, census 2011) and [[South Ossetia]] (70,000, 2006).</ref> |4,483,800 |Januar 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 4483800/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.geostat.ge/index.php?action=page&p_id=152&lang=eng Annual official estimate] |- |124 |align=left|{{NZL}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (440000+6.3*{{Age in days|2010|6|18}}) round 0}}0}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (4400000+63*{{Age in days|2010|6|18}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.stats.govt.nz/methods_and_services/population_clock.aspx Official population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100604223109/http://www.stats.govt.nz/methods_and_services/population_clock.aspx |date=2010-06-04 }} |- |125 |align=left|{{COG}} |4,448,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 4448000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |126 |align=left|{{PSE}}<ref>It comprises the [[Gaza Strip]] and the [[West Bank]].</ref> |4,420,549 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 4420549/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/site/881/default.aspx#Population Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610214618/http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/site/881/default.aspx#Population |date=2015-06-10 }} |- |127 |align=left|{{LBR}} |4,294,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 4294000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |128 |align=left|{{HRV}} |4,290,612 |Mairch 31, 2011 |{{#expr: 4290612/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.dzs.hr/default_e.htm 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123094014/http://www.dzs.hr/default_e.htm |date=2015-11-23 }} |- |129 |align=left|{{BIH}} |3,839,737 |Juin 30, 2011 |{{#expr: 3839737/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.bhas.ba/index.php?option=com_publikacija&id=1&lang=en&Itemid= Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923184402/http://www.bhas.ba/index.php?option=com_publikacija&id=1&lang=en&Itemid= |date=2015-09-23 }} |- |130 |align=left|{{OMN}} |3,831,553 |Februar 28, 2013 |{{#expr: 3831553/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.ncsi.gov.om/book/mb/Mar2013/T2.pdf Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230516/http://www.ncsi.gov.om/book/mb/Mar2013/T2.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |131 |align=left|{{PRI}}<ref>Commonwealth ({{lang-es|Estado Libre Asociado}}) belonging to the [[United States]].</ref> |3,667,084 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 3667084/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/PuertoRico-Towns.html Official estimate] |- |132 |align=left|{{KWT}} |3,582,054 |December 31, 2010 |{{#expr: 3582054/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Kuwait.html Official estimate] |- |133 |align=left|{{MDA}}<ref>Excludes ([http://www.statistica.md/public/files/publicatii_electronice/populatia/Populatia_Republicii_Moldova_2010.pdf statistica.md.2010.pdf]) [[Transnistria]] (555,347, census 2005).</ref> |3,559,500 |Januar 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 3559500/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.statistica.md/category.php?l=ro&idc=103& Official estimate] |- |134 |align=left|{{MRT}} |3,461,041 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 3461041/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.ons.mr/doc/publication/Projectionpopulation.pdf Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925151255/http://www.ons.mr/doc/publication/Projectionpopulation.pdf |date=2015-09-25 }} |- |135 |align=left|{{PAN}} |3,405,813 |Mey 16, 2010 |{{#expr: 3405813/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.censos2010.gob.pa/Resultados/cuadros.aspx Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110307170158/http://www.censos2010.gob.pa/Resultados/Cuadros.aspx |date=2011-03-07 }} |- |136 |align=left|{{URY}} |3,286,314 |September 30, 2011 |{{#expr: 3286314/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/index.html Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112153208/http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/index.html |date=2012-01-12 }} |- |137 |align=left|{{ARM}} |3,024,100 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 3024100/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.armstat.am/en/?nid=126&id=11001 Annual official estimate] |- |138 |align=left|{{LTU}} |2,955,986 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 2955986/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://db1.stat.gov.lt/statbank/selectvarval/saveselections.asp?MainTable=M3010101&PLanguage=1&TableStyle=&Buttons=&PXSId=7743&IQY=&TC=&ST=ST&rvar0=&rvar1=&rvar2=&rvar3=&rvar4=&rvar5=&rvar6=&rvar7=&rvar8=&rvar9=&rvar10=&rvar11=&rvar12=&rvar13=&rvar14= Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819130935/http://db1.stat.gov.lt/statbank/selectvarval/saveselections.asp?MainTable=M3010101&PLanguage=1&TableStyle=&Buttons=&PXSId=7743&IQY=&TC=&ST=ST&rvar0=&rvar1=&rvar2=&rvar3=&rvar4=&rvar5=&rvar6=&rvar7=&rvar8=&rvar9=&rvar10=&rvar11=&rvar12=&rvar13=&rvar14= |date=2010-08-19 }} |- |139 |align=left|{{ALB}} |2,821,977 |October 1, 2011 |{{#expr: 2821977/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.instat.gov.al/media/177354/main_results__population_and_housing_census_2011.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630084756/http://www.instat.gov.al/media/177354/main_results__population_and_housing_census_2011.pdf |date=2017-06-30 }} |- |140 |align=left|{{MNG}} |2,754,685 |November 11, 2010 |{{#expr: 2754685/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.nso.mn/v3/index2.php?page=news_more&id=722 2010 census result]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |141 |align=left|{{JAM}} |2,711,476 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 2711476/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://statinja.gov.jm/Demo_SocialStats/population.aspx Annual official estimate] |- |142 |align=left|{{NAM}} |2,113,077 |August 28, 2011 |{{#expr: 2113077/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Namibia.html Final 2011 census result] |- |143 |align=left|{{LSO}} |2,074,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 2074000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |144 |align=left|{{SVN}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (2058821+8*{{Age in days|2013|1|1}}) round 0}}}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (2058821+8*{{Age in days|2013|1|1}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.si/eng/tema_demografsko_prebivalstvo.asp Official population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090618041010/http://www.stat.si/eng/tema_demografsko_prebivalstvo.asp |date=2009-06-18 }} |- |145 |align=left|{{MKD}} |2,059,794 |December 31, 2011 |{{#expr: 2059794/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.gov.mk/OblastOpsto_en.aspx?id=2 Official estimate] |- |146 |align=left|{{BWA}} |2,024,904 |August 22, 2011 |{{#expr: 2024904/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.cso.gov.bw/media/2011%20Census%20_Alphabetical%20Index%20of%20Districts.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525113252/http://www.cso.gov.bw/media/2011%20Census%20_Alphabetical%20Index%20of%20Districts.pdf |date=2013-05-25 }} |- |147 |align=left|{{LVA}} |2,013,400 |Juin 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 2013400/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.csb.gov.lv/en/statistikas-temas/population-key-indicators-30624.html Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130628214416/http://www.csb.gov.lv/en/statistikas-temas/population-key-indicators-30624.html |date=2013-06-28 }} |- |148 |align=left|{{QAT}} |1,916,426 |Juin 30, 2013 |{{#expr: 1916426/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.qsa.gov.qa/eng/PopulationStructure.htm Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130220032/http://www.qsa.gov.qa/eng/PopulationStructure.htm |date=2012-11-30 }} |- |149 |align=left|{{GMB}} |1,849,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 1849000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |150 |align=left|{{GNB}} |1,704,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 1704000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |151 |align=left|{{GAB}} |1,672,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 1672000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |152 |align=left|{{GNQ}} |1,622,000 |Julie 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 1622000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/estadistica.php Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107063158/https://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/404.shtml |date=2019-01-07 }} |- |153 |align=left|{{TTO}} |1,328,019 |Januar 9, 2011 |{{#expr: 1328019/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230527/http://www.cso.gov.tt/sites/default/files/content/images/census/TRINIDAD%20AND%20TOBAGO%202011%20Demographic%20Report.pdf 2011 census result] |- |154 |align=left|{{EST}} |1,286,540 |Januar 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 1286540/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.ee/main-indicators Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121123153505/http://www.stat.ee/main-indicators |date=2012-11-23 }} |- |155 |align=left|{{MUS}} |1,257,900 |Julie 3, 2011 |{{#expr: 1257900/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/cso/ei915/esi2011.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230510/http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/cso/ei915/esi2011.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |156 |align=left|{{SWZ}} |1,250,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 1250000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |157 |align=left|{{BHR}} |1,234,571 |Aprile 27, 2010 |{{#expr: 1234571/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.cio.gov.bh/CIO_ARA/English/Publications/Census/2011%2009%2018%20Final%20English%20Census%202010%20Summary%20%20Results%20-%20Review%201.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230515/http://www.cio.gov.bh/CIO_ARA/English/Publications/Census/2011%2009%2018%20Final%20English%20Census%202010%20Summary%20%20Results%20-%20Review%201.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |158 |align=left|{{TLS}} |1,066,409 |Julie 11, 2010 |{{#expr: 1066409/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://dne.mof.gov.tl Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120816060817/http://dne.mof.gov.tl/ |date=2012-08-16 }} |- |159 |align=left|{{DJI}} |864,618 |Julie 1, 2011 |{{#expr: 864618/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.ministere-finances.dj/Annuaire2012Ver02102012-Correct3.pdf Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053048/http://www.ministere-finances.dj/Annuaire2012Ver02102012-Correct3.pdf |date=2016-03-04 }} |- |160 |align=left|{{CYP}}<ref>Excludes [[Northern Cyprus]] (294,906, 04 Dec 2011 Census under the auspieces of the UN observers, ([http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=82777 North Cyprus State Planning Organization]).</ref> |862,000 |December 31, 2011 |{{#expr: 862000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/C6ECE5795EAC1ED8C2257AB70038FCD4?OpenDocument&sub=1&sel=1&e=&print Official estimate] |- |161 |align=left|{{FJI}} |858,038 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 858038/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[https://web.archive.org/web/20111113144319/http://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/Key%20Stats/Population/1.2%20pop%20by%20ethnicity.pdf Annual official estimate] |- |162 |align=left|''{{REU}}'' ([[France]]) |821,136 |Januar 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 821136/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-regions.asp Official estimate] |- |163 |align=left|{{GUY}} |784,894 |Julie 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 784894/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.statisticsguyana.gov.gy/pubs/Guyana_Population_Projections_2005-2025.pdf Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031300/http://www.statisticsguyana.gov.gy/pubs/Guyana_Population_Projections_2005-2025.pdf |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |164 |align=left|{{BTN}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (72000+3.6*{{Age in days|2012|4|16}}) round 0}}0}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |{{#expr: (720000+36*{{Age in days|2012|4|16}})/{{worldpop}}*100 round 2}}% |align=left|[http://www.nsb.gov.bt/main/main.php#&slider1=1 Official population clock]{{Dead link|date=February 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |165 |align=left|{{COM}} |724,300 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 724300/{{worldpop}}*100 round 3}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Comores.html Official estimate] |- |166 |align=left|{{MNE}} |620,029 |Aprile 1, 2011 |{{#expr: 620029/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.monstat.org/userfiles/file/popis2011/saopstenje/saopstenje%281%29.pdf Final 2011 census result] |- |167 |align=left|{{MAC}}<ref>Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the [[People's Republic of China]] from December 20, 1999.</ref> |582,000 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 582000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.dsec.gov.mo/default.aspx Official estimate] |- |168 |align=left|{{ESH}}<ref>Administration is split between [[Morocco]] and the [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]], both of which claim the entire territory.</ref> |567,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 567000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |169 |align=left|{{SLB}} |561,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 561000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |170 |align=left|{{LUX}} |537,000 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 537000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.statistiques.public.lu/stat/TableViewer/tableViewHTML.aspx?ReportId=383&IF_Language=fra&MainTheme=2&FldrName=1 Annual official estimate]{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |171 |align=left|{{SUR}} |534,189 |August 13, 2012 |{{#expr: 534189/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Suriname.html Preliminary 2012 census result] |- |172 |align=left|{{CPV}} |491,875 |Juin 16, 2010 |{{#expr: 491875/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.ine.cv/actualise/dadostat/files/7ba5fbd5-bf0a-4faf-a734-0495ba9f80f0evolução%20da%20população%20residente%20em%20cabo%20verde,%201900%20-2010.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003130545/http://www.ine.cv/actualise/dadostat/files/7ba5fbd5-bf0a-4faf-a734-0495ba9f80f0evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20da%20popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20residente%20em%20cabo%20verde%2C%201900%20-2010.pdf |date=2012-10-03 }} |- |173 |align=left|{{MLT}} |416,055 |November 20, 2011 |{{#expr: 416055/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.nso.gov.mt/statdoc/document_file.aspx?id=3424 Preliminary 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113194522/http://www.nso.gov.mt/statdoc/document_file.aspx?id=3424 |date=2013-11-13 }} |- |174 |align=left|''{{GLP}}'' ([[France]]) |403,355 |Januar 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 403355/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-regions.asp Official estimate] |- |175 |align=left|''{{MTQ}}'' ([[France]]) |394,173 |Januar 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 394173/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-regions.asp Official estimate] |- |176 |align=left|{{BRN}} |393,162 |Juin 20, 2011 |{{#expr: 393162/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.depd.gov.bn/projects/BPP/Preliminary%20Report%20of%20BPP%202011_updated_20Feb2012.pdf Preliminary 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010121333/http://www.depd.gov.bn/projects/BPP/Preliminary%20Report%20of%20BPP%202011_updated_20Feb2012.pdf |date=2012-10-10 }} |- |177 |align=left|{{BHS}} |351,461 |Mey 3, 2010 |{{#expr: 351461/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://statistics.bahamas.gov.bs/download/056411800.pdf Final 2010 census result]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |178 |align=left|{{ISL}} |323,810 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 323810/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.statice.is Official estimate] |- |179 |align=left|{{MDV}} |317,280 |Julie 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 317280/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://planning.gov.mv/en/images/stories/publications/analysiscd/pdf/13.pdf Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224031/http://planning.gov.mv/en/images/stories/publications/analysiscd/pdf/13.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }} |- |180 |align=left|{{BLZ}} |312,971 |Mey 12, 2010 |{{#expr: 312971/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[https://web.archive.org/web/20110813051640/http://www.statisticsbelize.org.bz/dms20uc/dynamicdata/docs/20110511165337_2.pdf Preliminary 2010 census result] |- |181 |align=left|{{BRB}} |274,200 |Julie 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 274200/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Barbados.html Official estimate] |- |182 |align=left|''{{PYF}}'' ([[France]]) |268,270 |August 22, 2012 |{{#expr: 268270/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.ispf.pf/Libraries/RP2012/Premiers_résultats_population_légale.sflb.ashx Preliminary 2012 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221193409/http://www.ispf.pf/Libraries/RP2012/Premiers_r%C3%A9sultats_population_l%C3%A9gale.sflb.ashx |date=2014-02-21 }} |- |183 |align=left|{{VUT}} |264,652 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 264652/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Annual official estimate] |- |184 |align=left|''{{NCL}}'' ([[France]]) |258,958 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 258958/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Annual official estimate] |- |185 |align=left|''{{GUF}}'' ([[France]]) |229,040 |Januar 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 229040/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-regions.asp Official estimate] |- |186 |align=left|''{{MYT}}'' ([[France]]) |212,600 |August 21, 2012 |{{#expr: 212600/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/document.asp?ref_id=19214&reg_id=27 2012 census result] |- |187 |align=left|{{WSM}} |187,820 |November 7, 2011 |{{#expr: 187820/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.sbs.gov.ws Final 2011 census result] |- |188 |align=left|{{STP}} |187,356 |Mey 13, 2012 |{{#expr: 187356/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/SaoTome.html 2012 census result] |- |189 |align=left|{{LCA}} |166,526 |Mey 10, 2010 |{{#expr: 166526/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[https://web.archive.org/web/20110830112605/http://www.stats.gov.lc/StLuciaPreliminaryCensusReport2010.pdf Preliminary 2010 census result] |- |190 |align=left|''{{GUM}}'' ([[United States|USA]]) |159,358 |Aprile 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 159358/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn179.html Final 2010 census result] |- |191 |align=left|''{{CUW}}'' ([[Netherlands]]) |150,563 |Mairch 26, 2011 |{{#expr: 150563/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Curacao.html 2011 census result] |- |192 |align=left|{{VCT}} |109,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 109000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |193 |align=left|{{KIR}} |106,461 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 106461/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Annual official estimate] |- |194 |align=left|''{{VIR}}'' ([[United States|USA]]) |106,405 |Aprile 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 106405/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn180.html Final 2010 census result] |- |195 |align=left|{{GRD}} |103,328 |Mey 12, 2011 |{{#expr: 103328/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.geohive.com/cntry/grenada.aspx 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614004809/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/grenada.aspx |date=2012-06-14 }} |- |196 |align=left|{{TON}} |103,036 |November 30, 2011 |{{#expr: 103036/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Tonga/release.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230502/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Tonga/release.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |197 |align=left|''{{ABW}}'' ([[Netherlands]]) |101,484 |September 29, 2010 |{{#expr: 101484/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.cbs.aw/cbs/readBlob.do?id=4199 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113151207/http://www.cbs.aw/cbs/readBlob.do?id=4199 |date=2012-11-13 }} |- |198 |align=left|{{FSM}} |101,351 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 101351/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Annual official estimate] |- |199 |align=left|''{{JEY}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |97,857 |Mairch 27, 2011 |{{#expr: 97857/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.gov.je/SiteCollectionDocuments/Government%20and%20administration/R%20CensusBulletin1%2020111208%20SU.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918003705/http://www.gov.je/SiteCollectionDocuments/Government%20and%20administration/R%20CensusBulletin1%2020111208%20SU.pdf |date=2012-09-18 }} |- |200 |align=left|{{SYC}} |90,945 |August 26, 2010 |{{#expr: 90945/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.nbs.gov.sc/archives/82 Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120221021324/http://www.nbs.gov.sc/archives/82 |date=2012-02-21 }} |- |201 |align=left|{{ATG}} |86,295 |Mey 27, 2011 |{{#expr: 86295/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Antigua.html Preliminary 2011 census result] |- |202 |align=left|''{{IMN}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |84,497 |Mairch 27, 2011 |{{#expr: 84497/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/IsleOfMan.html 2011 census result] |- |203 |align=left|{{AND}} |76,246 |Julie 1, 2012 |{{#expr: 76246/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.estadistica.ad/serveiestudis/web/banc_dades4.asp?tipus_grafic=&bGrafic=&formules=inici&any1=01/01/2000&any2=01/01/2012&codi_divisio=8&lang=1&codi_subtemes=8&codi_tema=2&chkseries= Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113143444/http://www.estadistica.ad/serveiestudis/web/banc_dades4.asp?tipus_grafic= |date=2017-11-13 }} |- |204 |align=left|{{DMA}} |71,293 |Mey 14, 2011 |{{#expr: 71293/{{worldpop}}*100 round 4}}% |align=left|[http://www.dominica.gov.dm/cms/files/2011_census_report.pdf Preliminary 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608104411/http://www.dominica.gov.dm/cms/files/2011_census_report.pdf |date=2019-06-08 }} |- |205 |align=left|''{{BMU}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |64,237 |Mey 20, 2010 |{{#expr: 64237/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.gov.bm/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_2_980_227_1014_43/http%3B/ptpublisher.gov.bm%3B7087/publishedcontent/publish/cabinet_office/statistics/dept___statistics___additonal_files/2012_facts___figures_0.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520190010/http://www.gov.bm/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_2_980_227_1014_43/http%3B/ptpublisher.gov.bm%3B7087/publishedcontent/publish/cabinet_office/statistics/dept___statistics___additonal_files/2012_facts___figures_0.pdf |date=2013-05-20 }} |- |206 |align=left|''{{GGY}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |62,431 |Mairch 31, 2010 |{{#expr: 62431/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.gov.gg/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=5506&p=0 Annual official estimate] |- |207 |align=left|''{{GRL}}'' ([[Denmark]]) |56,370 |Januar 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 56370/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.stat.gl/dialog/main.asp?lang=en&theme=Population&link=BE Annual official estimate] |- |208 |align=left|{{MHL}} |56,086 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 56086/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Annual official estimate] |- |209 |align=left|''{{ASM}}'' ([[United States|USA]]) |55,519 |Aprile 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 55519/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn177.html Final 2010 census result] |- |210 |align=left|''{{CYM}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |55,456 |October 10, 2010 |{{#expr: 55456/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.eso.ky/pages.php?page=2010censusofpopulationandhousingfinalreport Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921135615/http://eso.ky/pages.php?page=2010censusofpopulationandhousingfinalreport |date=2013-09-21 }} |- |211 |align=left|{{KNA}} |54,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 54000/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|UN estimate |- |212 |align=left|''{{MNP}}'' ([[United States|USA]]) |53,883 |Aprile 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 53883/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn178.html Final 2010 census result] |- |213 |align=left|''{{FRO}}'' ([[Denmark]]) |48,244 |Aprile 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 48244/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.hagstova.fo/portal/page/portal/HAGSTOVAN/Statistics_%20Faroe_Islands Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511090929/http://www.hagstova.fo/portal/page/portal/HAGSTOVAN/Statistics_%20Faroe_Islands |date=2011-05-11 }} |- |214 |align=left|''{{SXM}}'' ([[Netherlands]]) |37,429 |Januar 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 37429/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/SintMaarten.html Official estimate] |- |215 |align=left|''{{MAF}}'' ([[France]]) |36,979 |Januar 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 36979/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-departements.asp?annee=2010 Official estimate] |- |216 |align=left|{{LIE}} |36,842 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 36842/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.llv.li/amtsstellen/llv-as-bevoelkerung/llv-as-bevoelkerung-bevoelkerungsstatistik_per_31_dezember-vorlaeufig.htm Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331084716/http://www.llv.li/amtsstellen/llv-as-bevoelkerung/llv-as-bevoelkerung-bevoelkerungsstatistik_per_31_dezember-vorlaeufig.htm |date=2014-03-31 }} |- |217 |align=left|{{MCO}} |36,136 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 36136/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.monacostatistics.mc/News/Official-population-on-December-31-2012 Annual official estimate] |- |218 |align=left|{{SMR}} |32,382 |Mey 31, 2013 |{{#expr: 32382/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.statistica.sm/on-line/home/dati-statistici/popolazione.html# Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121228151338/http://www.statistica.sm/on-line/home/dati-statistici/popolazione.html |date=2012-12-28 }} |- |219 |align=left|''{{TCA}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |31,458 |Januar 25, 2012 |{{#expr: 31458/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/TurksCaicos.html 2012 census result] |- |220 |align=left|''{{GIB}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |29,752 |Julie 1, 2011 |{{#expr: 29752/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/images/stories/PDF/statistics/Key_Indicators_Website.pdf Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928123433/http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/images/stories/PDF/statistics/Key_Indicators_Website.pdf |date=2018-09-28 }} |- |221 |align=left|''{{VGB}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |29,537 |Julie 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 29537/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.dpu.gov.vg Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020525210259/http://www.dpu.gov.vg/ |date=2002-05-25 }} |- |222 |align=left|''{{ALA}}'' ([[Finland]]) |28,502 |December 31, 2012 |{{#expr: 28502/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.asub.ax/start.con?iLan=2 Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115211225/http://www.asub.ax/start.con?iLan=2 |date=2016-11-15 }} |- |223 |align=left|''{{BES}}'' ([[Netherlands]]) |21,133 |Januar 1, 2011 |{{#expr: 21133/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/NedAntillen.html Official estimate] |- |224 |align=left|{{PLW}} |20,901 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 20901/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Annual official estimate] |- |225 |align=left|''{{COK}}'' ([[New Zealand|NZ]]) |14,974 |December 1, 2011 |{{#expr: 14974/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.mfem.gov.ck/docs/Stats/2012/Census/2011%20Cook%20Islands%20Population%20Census%20Report.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230514/http://www.mfem.gov.ck/docs/Stats/2012/Census/2011%20Cook%20Islands%20Population%20Census%20Report.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |226 |align=left|''{{AIA}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |13,452 |Mey 11, 2011 |{{#expr: 13452/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Anguilla.html Preliminary 2011 census result] |- |227 |align=left|''{{WLF}}'' ([[France]]) |13,135 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 13135/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Annual official estimate] |- |228 |align=left|{{TUV}} |11,323 |Julie 1, 2013 |{{#expr: 11323/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Annual official estimate] |- |229 |align=left|{{NRU}} |9,945 |October 30, 2011 |{{#expr: 9945/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Nauru.html 2011 census result] |- |230 |align=left|''{{BLM}}'' ([[France]]) |8,938 |Januar 1, 2010 |{{#expr: 8938/{{worldpop}}*100 round 5}}% |align=left|[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-departements.asp?annee=2010 Official estimate] |- |231 |align=left|''{{SPM}}'' ([[France]]) |6,081 |Januar 1, 2010 |0.00006% |align=left|[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-departements.asp?annee=2010 Official estimate] |- |232 |align=left|''{{MSR}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |4,922 |Mey 12, 2011 |0.00005% |align=left|[http://www.gov.ms/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Montserrat-At-A-Glance.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403071254/http://www.gov.ms/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Montserrat-At-A-Glance.pdf |date=2019-04-03 }} |- |233 |align=left|''{{SHN}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |4,000 |Julie 1, 2013 |0.00004% |align=left|UN estimate |- |234 |align=left|''{{SJM}}'' ([[Norawa]]) |2,655 |September 1, 2012 |0.00003% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Svalbard.html Official estimate] |- |235 |align=left|''{{FLK}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |2,563 |Aprile 15, 2012 |0.00003% |align=left|[http://www.falklands.gov.fk/our-people 2012 census result] |- |236 |align=left|''{{NFK}}'' ([[Australia]]) |2,302 |August 9, 2011 |0.00002% |align=left|[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Norfolk_Island/report.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200110/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Norfolk_Island/report.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }} |- |237 |align=left|''{{CXR}}'' ([[Australia]]) |2,072 |August 9, 2011 |0.00002% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Australia-Agglo.html 2011 census result] |- |238 |align=left|''{{NIU}}'' ([[New Zealand|NZ]]) |1,613 |September 10, 2011 |0.00002% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Niue.html Final 2011 census result] |- |239 |align=left|''{{TKL}}'' ([[New Zealand|NZ]]) |1,411 |October 18, 2011 |0.00001% |align=left|[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Tokelau/report.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120815034343/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Tokelau/report.pdf |date=2012-08-15 }} |- |240 |align=left|{{VAT}} |800 |Julie 1, 2012 |0.00001% |align=left|[http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/vaticanstate/es/stato-e-governo/note-generali/popolazione.html Official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031317/http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/vaticanstate/es/stato-e-governo/note-generali/popolazione.html |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |241 |align=left|''{{CCK}}'' ([[Australia]]) |550 |August 9, 2011 |0.000001% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Australia-Agglo.html 2011 census result] |- |242 |align=left|''{{PCN}}'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) |66 |Julie 1, 2008 |0.0000000% |align=left|[http://www.citypopulation.de/Pitcairn.html 2008 census result] |} ==See an aa== {{Multicol}} *[[Leet o countries bi population (Unitit Naitions)]] *[[Leet o sovereign states an dependent territories bi population density]] *[[Leet o continents bi population]] *[[Leet o kintras bi refugee population]] *[[Leet o kintras bi urban population]] *[[Leet o regional organisations bi population]] *[[Leet o releegious populations]] *[[Leets o organisms bi population]] *[[Warld population]] '''Heestorical''' *[[Leet o kintras bi population in 1900]] *[[Leet o kintras bi population in 1907]] *[[Leet o kintras bi population in 2000]] *[[Leet o kintras bi population in 2005]] *[[Leet o kintras bi population in 2010]] *[[Leet o kintras bi past an futur population]] (1950–2050) '''Ceeties:''' *[[Warld's lairgest ceeties]] *[[Leet o naitional caipitals bi population]] {{Multicol-break}} {{portal|Geografie}} *'''Leets o kintras bi population''' **'''Continental''' ***[[Leet o African kintras by population|Africae]] ***[[Leet o Asian kintras by population|Asie]] ***[[Leet o European kintras by population|Europe]] ***[[Leet o North American kintras by population|North Americae]] ***[[Leet o Oceanian kintras by population|Oceanie]] ***[[Leet o South American kintras by population|Sooth Americae]] **'''Intercontinental''' ***[[Leet o Eurasian kintras bi population|Eurasie]] ***[[Leet o kintras in the Americas by population|Americas]] ***[[Leet o Arab kintras by population|Arab states]] ***[[Leet o members o the Commonweel o Naitions bi population|Commonweel o Naitions]] ***[[Leet o Laitin American kintras bi population|Latin Americae]] ***[[Leet o Middle East kintras bi population|Middle East]] **'''Subcontinental''' ***[[Leet o Caribbean island kintras bi population|Caribbean islands]] ***[[Leet o European Union member states bi population|European Union member states]] {{Multicol-end}} ==References an notes== {{reflist|30em}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/WPP2004/WPP2004_Volume3.htm United Nations Analytical Report for the 2004 revision of World Population Prospects] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815065906/http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/WPP2004/WPP2004_Volume3.htm |date=2018-08-15 }} (the analytical report for the 2006 revision is nae available online)&nbsp;— includes details of methodology and soorces uised for the population estimates abuin. [[Category:Demografie]] [[Category:Leets o kintras|Population]] [[Category:Leets bi population|Kintras]] qakz2in5yejjkx1ihc9iisp5nczrikz 0 59251 918351 903146 2026-06-19T14:30:01Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918351 wikitext text/x-wiki ''The entire wirk o this airticle is based on "Census o [[Indie]]", conductit bi "The Office o the Registrar General an Census Commissioner, Indie" unner Meenistry o Hame Affairs, Govrenment o Indie.''<ref>{{cite web|title=Census of India _ About Us|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-common/aboutus.html|publisher=Census of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Census of India|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/towns/town.html|publisher=Census of India|access-date=2013-09-18|archive-date=2013-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117043637/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/towns/town.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Population Leet== *>5,000,000- Megaceety *1,000,000-4,999,999 - Metropolis *500,000-999,999 - Sub-Metropolis Abbreviations uised in this airticle are: *C.B - Cantonment Buird / Cantonment *C.M.C – Ceety Municipal Cooncil *C.T – Census Toun *E.O – Estate Office *G.P - Gram Panchayat *I.N.A – Industrial Notifee'd Aurie *I.T.S - Industrial Tounship *M – Municipality *M.B – Municipal Buird *M.C – Municipal Committee *M.Cl – Municipal Cooncil *M.Corp. – Municipal Corporation / Corporation *N.A – Notifee'd Aurie *N.A.C – Notifee'd Aurie Committee / Notifee'd Aurie Cooncil *N.P – Nagar Panchayat *N.T – Notifee'd Toun *N.T.A – Notifee'd Toun Aurie *S.T.C - Smaw Toun Committee *T.C – Toun Committee / Toun Aurie Committee *T.M.C – Toun Municipal Cooncil *T.P – Toun Panchayat *T.S.- Tounship *U.A – Urban Agglomeration {{compactTOC8|side=yes|top=yes|num=yes}} [[File:Cawnporeskyline.jpg|thumbnail|Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh]] ==A== [[File:Rock-cut Lord --Buddha-- Statue at Bojjanakonda near Anakapalle of Visakhapatnam dist in AP.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Rock-cut Buddha at [[Bojjannakonda]], [[Anakapalle]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Ellora cave16 003.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Ellora caves]], [[Aurangabad destrict, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]], [[Maharashtra]]]] [[File:Golden Temple India.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Gowden Temple]], [[Amritsar]]]] [[File:Vivekananda Jubilee.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Swami Vivekananda]] Statue near Asansol Engineering College, [[Asansol]], [[West Bengal]]]] [[File:Rabindranath Tagore BNR More.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Statue o [[Rabindranath Tagore]] at B.N.R. More, [[Asansol]], [[Wast Bengal]]]] [[File:View of the ridgetop city of Aizawl, state capital of Mizoram.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Aizwal]], ([[Mizoram]])]] [[File:Hall of The Nawab.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Haw o The Nawab at [[Adoni]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Agartala town Hall.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Toun Haw, [[Agartala]]]] [[File:Ghats at Pushkar lake, Rajasthan.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Pushkar Lake]], [[Ajmer]]]] [[File:Taj Mahal in March 2004.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Taj Mahal]], [[Agra]]]] [[File:Sabarmati Riverfront, Ahmedabad.jpg|thumb|Sabarmati Riverfront, Ahmedabad]] [[File:On the banks of New Yamuna bridge, Allahabad.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Allahbad]], ([[Uttar Pradesh]])]] [[File:Almora Bazaar. c1860.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Almora Bazaar durin 1860, [[Almora]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) ! Population (2011) |- | [[Aadityana]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|17,238 ||align="right"| |- | [[Abhayapuri]] || [[Assam]] || TC || style="text-align:right;"|14,673 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Achabal]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|5,834 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Achalpur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl|| style="text-align:right;"|107,316 ||align="right"| |- | [[Achhnera]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|20004 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adari]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"|11,977 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adalaj]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"| 9,776 ||align="right"| |- | [[Adilabad]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|129,403 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adoni]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|270,458 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adoor]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,952 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adiyara, Karnataka|Adiyara]] || [[Karnataka]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|6,501 ||align="right"| |- | [[Adra, Purulia|Adra]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|22,030 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Afzalpura]] || [[Karnataka]] ||TP || style="text-align:right;"|19,335 ||align="right"| |- | [[Agartala]] || [[Tripura]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|189,998 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Agra]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,727,275 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ahiwara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"| 18,719 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ahmedabad]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|4,525,013 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ahmedgarh]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|28,022 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ahmednagar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|347,549 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ahmadpur|Ahmedpur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|35,805 ||align="right"| |- | [[Aizawl]] || [[Mizoram]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|228,280 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ajmer]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"|485,197 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ajra]] || [[Maharashtra]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|14,849 ||align="right"| |- | [[Akaltara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,367 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar|Akbarpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akathiyoor]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|5,274 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akhnoor]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|10,896 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akkalkot]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|38,213 ||align="right"| |- | [[Akola]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|400,520 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akot]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl|| style="text-align:right;"|80,726 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alandha]] || [[Karnataka]] || TMC || style="text-align:right;"|35,245 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alandi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|17,565 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alang]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|18,475 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alappuzha]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|282,675 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aldona]] || [[Goa]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"| 6,588 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alibag]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|19,496 ||align="right"| |- | [[Aligarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M Corp || style="text-align:right;"|669,087 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Alipurduar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|73,732 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Allahabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,042,229 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Almora]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|32,358 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aalanavara]] || [[Karnataka]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|16,290 ||align="right"| |- | [[Along, Arunachal Pradesh|Along]] || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|17,033 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aalooru Hassan|Alur]] || [[Karnataka]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|6,133 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alwar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"|160,245 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amadalavalasa]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|37,931 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amalapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,444 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amalner]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|91,490 ||align="right"| |- | [[Amarpur, Banka|Amarpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,965 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ambad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,108 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambagarh Chowki]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"| 8,513 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambaji]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|13,702 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambaliyasan]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"| 6,739||align="right"| |- | [[Ambejogai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|69,478 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambikaanagara]] || [[Karnataka]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|4,848 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambikapur, Indie|Ambikapur]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|90,967 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ambivali Tarf Wankhal]] || [[Maharashtra]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|6,798 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ameenapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"|1000 ||align="right"| |- | [[Amguri]] || [[Assam]] || TC || style="text-align:right;"|6,997 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amini, Indie|Amini]] || [[Lakshadweep]] || || style="text-align:right;"|7,353 ||align="right"| |- | [[Amlabad]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|4,699 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amli, Indie|Amli]] || [[Dadra an Nagar Haveli]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,570 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amravati]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Corp || style="text-align:right;"|549,510 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amreli]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|95,307 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amritsar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,003,917 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amroha]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|165,129 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anakapalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,486 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anand, Gujarat|Anand]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|218,486|| style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anandapur]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|35,048 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anandnagaar]] || [[Assam]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|5,026 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh|Anantapur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|243,143 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anantnag]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|97,896 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ancharakandy]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,878 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Andada]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|13,506 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anekal]] || [[Karnataka]] || TMC || style="text-align:right;"|33,157 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ankola]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|26,138 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anjar, Indie|Anjar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"| 68,343 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anjangaon]] || [[Maharashtra]]|| M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|51,170 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anklav]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|19,803 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anklesvar|Ankleshwar]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|67,952 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Annigeri]] || [[Karnataka]] || TMC || style="text-align:right;"|25,710 ||align="right"| |- | [[Antaliya]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|4,990 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anugul]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|38,018 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ara, Jharkhand|Ara]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|14,165 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arambhada]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|15,011 ||align="right"| |- | [[Arakkonam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|82,500 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Araria]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,861 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arang]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"| 16,629 ||align="right"| |- | [[Arambagh]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|60,594 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arsikere]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|45,166 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arcot]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Areraj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,356 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ariyalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|35,265 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arkalgud]] || [[Karnataka]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|15,169 ||align="right"| |- | [[Arki, India|Arki]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|2,877 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arnia]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|9,057 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aroor]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|35,283 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arrah]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|203,380 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aruppukkottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"|84,029 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arvi, Wardha|Arvi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|40,575 ||align="right"| |- | [[Arwal]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|600,000 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asankhurd]] || [[Haryana]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|8,066 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asansol]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|486,304 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asarganj]] || [[Bihar]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|5739 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ashok Nagar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"|67,705 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ashta, Maharashtra|Ashta]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|33,203 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ashtamichira]] || [[Kerala]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asika]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,739 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asola (Delhi)|Asola]] || [[Delhi]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"| 5,003 ||align="right"| |- | [[Assandh]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|22,707 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ateli]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|5,673 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Athni]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|40,950 ||align="right"| |- | [[Attingal]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,693 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Atul]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|5352 ||align="right"| |- | [[Aurad]] || [[Karnataka]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|15,804 ||align="right"| |- | [[Aurangabad, Bihar|Aurangabad]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|79,393 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"|1,208,285 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ausa]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|30,876 ||align="right"| |- | [[Avinissery]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|11,462 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Awantipora]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|6,252 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Azamgarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|93,521 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Azmatgarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"|11,978 || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==B== [[File:A View of Bhadrachalam Gopuram.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Bhadrachalam]] Temple, [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Mahabodhi temple.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Side view o [[Mahabodhi temple]], [[Bodh Gaya]], [[Bihar]]]] [[File:Taj-ul-Masjid, Bhopal.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Taj-Ul-Masajid [[Bhopal]]]] [[File:A View of Bheemunipatnam Hilltop Visakhapatnam.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Bheemunipatnam]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Brahmapur.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Berhampur]], [[Odisha]]]] [[File:Jor Bangla Temple Arnab Dutta 2011.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Jor Bangla Temple, [[Bankura]]]] [[File:Panaromic Entrance View.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Bidar]] fort View]] [[File:SomeswaraSwamy-5.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Bhimavaram]] Pancharama Temple, [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Bellary Fort3.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Bellary]] Fort, [[Karnataka]]]] [[File:This is place for recreation or Musical concerts in the olden days.Side View..JPG|thumb|right|250px|Pairt o [[Bobbili]] fort, [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) ! Population (2011) |- | [[Babaleshwar]] ||[[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|23,410 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bangalore]] ||[[Karnataka]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|93,410 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Babiyal]] || [[Haryana]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,644 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baddi]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,601 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bade Bacheli]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,411 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Badaun]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || U.P || style="text-align:right;"|29,829 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Badagaon]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|18,529 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Badepalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,829 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Badharghat]] || [[Tripura]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|47,713 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bagaha]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|91,467 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bageshwar]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|91,467 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bahadurgarh]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|131,925 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bahadurganj, Kishanganj|Bahadurganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|28,118 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baharampur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|160,168 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bahraich]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"|168,376 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bairgania]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|34,836 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bakhtiarpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|32,293 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balaghat]] ||[[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"|75,061 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balangir Town|Balangir]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,261 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balasore]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baleshwar]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|156,430 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhiwadi]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bali, Indie|Bali]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bally, Howrah|Bally]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ballabhgarh]] || [[Haryana]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ballia]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balod]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,165 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baloda Bazar]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,853 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balrampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balurghat]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bamra]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bandar, Uttar Pradesh|Bandar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bandikui]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bandipore]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,795 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Banganapalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Banka, Bihar|Banka]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,455 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Banmankhi Bazar]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|25,187 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Banswara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bankura]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|219,255 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bapatla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|68,397 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barakar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barahiya]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,865 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baramati]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baramula]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|71,896 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baran, Rajasthan|Baran]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barasat]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bardhaman]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barauli, Bihar|Barauli]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|34,653 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barbigha]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,200 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bareilly]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bargarh]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barughutu]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21, 092 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Basna]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barbil]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|52,627 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bargarh]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,678 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barh]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|48,442 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baripada]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|100,651 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barmer, Rajasthan|Barmer]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barnala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|96,624 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barpeta]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|41,038 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barpeta Road]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|35,725 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barrackpur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barwani]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barwala, Hisar|Barwala]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|33,132 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Basavan Bagevadi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|33,132 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Basudebpur]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,006 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Batala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|147,872 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bathinda]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|217,256 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bawal]] || [[Haryana]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bajpur|Bazpur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|21,792 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Beawar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Begusarai]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|107,623 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Behea]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,741 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Belgaum]] || [[Karnataka]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|876,523 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bellampalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|66,792 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ballary]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Belpahar]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,826 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bemetra]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,315 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Berinag]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bethamcherla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|30,973 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bettiah]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|116,670 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Betul, Madhya Pradesh|Betul]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhabua]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,755 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhadrachalam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|42,650 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhadrak]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|92,515 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhagalpur]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|350,133 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bagha Purana]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,596 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhainsa]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|41,331 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhajanpura]] || [[Delhi]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhandara]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bharatpur, Indie|Bharatpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bharthana]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bharuch]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhatapara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,118 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhavani, Tamil Nadu|Bhavani]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhavnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"| 606,282 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhawanipatna]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,787 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bheemunipatnam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|48,664 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhilai]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhilwara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhimavaram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|142,064 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhinmal]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhiwandi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhiwani]] || [[Haryana]] || M. Cl || style="text-align:right;"|169,531 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhongir]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,407 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhopal]]* || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|5,785,245 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhuban]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,234 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhubaneswar]]* || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|658,220 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhuj]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhusawal]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bidar]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bidhan Nagar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bihar Sharif]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|232,071 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bijapur, Karnataka|Bijapur]] || [[Karnataka]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bijnor]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bikaner]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bikramganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,408 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bilara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bilasipara]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|31,171 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh|Bilaspur]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|335,293 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh|Bilaspur]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Biramitrapur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,447 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Birgaon]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,562 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bobbili]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,096 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bodhan]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|71,520 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bodh Gaya]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|30,857 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bokaro Steel City]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|497,780 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bongaigaon]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,10,696 || style="text-align:right;"|7,32,639 |- | [[Bomdila]] || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Brahmapur, Odisha|Brahmapur]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || || style="text-align:right;"|355,823 |- | [[Brajrajnagar]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,959 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Budaun]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Budhlada]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,521 || style="text-align:right;"| |- |[[Bulandshahr]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Burhanpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Burla, Indie|Burla]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Buxar]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|83,168 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Byasanagar]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|40,741 || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==C== [[File:Tidel Park.jpg|thumb|250px|[[TIDEL Park]], [[Chennai]]]] [[File:Chhatarpur Panorama.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Chhatarpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]]] [[File:Chiralastation.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Chirala]] in [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Stone Pillars, Chitradurga.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Chitradurga]] fort, Karnataka]] [[File:Barabati fort at cuttack.jpg|thumb|250px|Barabati fort at [[Cuttack]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Cambay]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chadchan]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|23,648 |- | [[Chaibasa]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,648 |- | [[Chakeri]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chakradharpur]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|55,228 |- | [[Chalisgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chamba, Himachal Pradesh|Chamba]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,327 |- | [[Chamba, Uttarakhand|Chamba]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Champa]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,951 |- | [[Champawat]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Champhai]] || [[Mizoram]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,465 |- | [[Chamarajanagara]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chandigarh]]* || [[Chandigarh]] || M. C || style="text-align:right;"|808,515 |- | [[Chandil]] || [[Jharkhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chandausi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chandrapura]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,396 |- | [[Chanpatia]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|22,038 |- | [[Charkhi Dadri]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|44,895 |- | [[Chapirevula]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chatra]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,020 |- | [[Charkhari]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chalakudy]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|48,380 |- | [[Chandrapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Changanassery]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,967 |- | [[Cheeka]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,128 |- | [[Chendamangalam]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,147 |- | [[Chengalpattu]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chengannur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,397 |- | [[Chennai]]* || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Cherthala]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|141,558 |- | [[Cheruthazham]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,239 |- | [[Chhapra]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|179,190 |- | [[Chhatarpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,289 |- | [[Chhindwara]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chikkodi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,820 |- | [[Chikkamagalur]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chilakaluripet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|91,656 |- | [[Chinchani]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T. || style="text-align:right;"|13,435 |- | [[Chinnasalem]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|35,000 |- | [[Chinthaamani]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chiplun]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chirala]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|166,294 |- | [[Chirkunda]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|106,227 |- | [[Chirmiri]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|93,373 |- | [[Chinsura]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|106,227 |- | [[Chitradurga]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chittur-Thathamangalam]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|67,935 |- | [[Chitrakoot]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chittoor]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|152,654 |- | [[Chockli]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|31,772 |- | [[Churi]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|25,222 |- | [[Churu]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Coimbatore]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M.Corp || style="text-align:right;"|930,882 |- | [[Colgong]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,049 |- | [[Contai]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Cooch Behar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Coonoor]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Cuddalore]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Cuddapah]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|262,506 |- | [[Curchorem Cacora]] || [[Goa]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,407 |- | [[Cuttack]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|587,182 |- | [[Chikkaballapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chandan Bara]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|16,049 |- | [[Chaukori]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|16,049 |} ==D== {| class="wikitable sortable" [[File:Darjeeling Himalayan Railway.jpg|thumb|250px|The "Toy Train" approachin [[Darjeeling]], [[Wast Bengal]]|alt=A train, hauled bi a steam locomotive, runnin beside a road atween twa rows o biggins wi a few fowk walkin on the road.]] [[File:Front View of F.R.I., Dehradun.jpg|thumb|right|250px|F.R.I., [[Dehradun]]]] [[File:Dindigul.cvs.jpg|thumb|250 px|[[Dindigul]], [[Tamil Nadu]]]] ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Dabra, Gwalior|Dabra]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dadri]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dahod]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"|79,185 |- | [[Dalhousie, Indie|Dalhousie]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dalkhola]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dalli-Rajhara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|57,058 |- | [[Dalsinghsarai]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,196 |- | [[Daltonganj]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|71,422 |- | [[Daman an Diu]] || [[Daman an Diu]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|35,770 |- | [[Damoh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Darbhanga]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|267,348 |- | [[Darjeeling]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dasua]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,114 |- | [[Datia]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Daudnagar]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,014 |- | [[Daund]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Davanagere]] || [[Karnataka]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|4,35,125 |- | [[Debagarh]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,096 |- | [[Deesa]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"|83,340 |- | [[Dehgam]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dehradun]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|530,263 |- | [[Dehri|Dehri-on-Sone]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|119,057 |- | [[Delhi]] || [[Delhi]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|11,007,835 |- | [[Deoghar]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|112,525 Devar Hipparagi |- | [[Deoria, Uttar Pradesh|Deoria]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Devarakonda]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,434 |- | [[Devar Hipparagi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|27,434 |- | [[Devgarh, Maharashtra|Devgarh]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Devgarh, Rajasthan|Devgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dewas]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dhampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|75,000 |- | [[Dhamtari]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|82,111 |- | [[Dhanbad]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,065,327 |- | [[Dhar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dharampur, Indie|Dharampur]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamsala]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dharmanagar]] || [[Tripura]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|30,790 |- | [[Dharmapuri]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dharmavaram, Anantapur|Dharmavaram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|103,357 |- | [[Dharwad]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dhekiajuli]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|25,349 |- | [[Dhenkanal, Indie|Dhenkanal]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,677 |- | [[Dholka]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dhubri]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|64,168 |- | [[Dhule]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"|341,473 |- | [[Dhulian]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dhuri]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|132,406 |- | [[Dibrugarh]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|137,661 |- | [[Digboi]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|37,143 |- | [[Dighwara]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|27,367 |- | [[Dimapur]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|393,119 |- | [[Dina Nagar|Dinanagar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,502 |- | [[Dindigul]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Diphu]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|52,310 |- | [[Dipka]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,150 |- | [[Dispur]]* || [[Assam]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dombivli]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Corp. (wi Kalyan) || style="text-align:right;"|1,256,614 |- | [[Dongargarh]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,441 |- | [[Duliajan Oil Town]] || [[Assam]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,763 |- | [[Dum Dum|Dumdum]] || [[West Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dumka]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|44,989 |- | [[Dumraon]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,806 |- | [[Durg-Bhilai Nagar]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|927,864 |- | [[Durgapur, Chandrapur|Durgapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Durgapur, Wast Bengal|Durgapur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dwarka]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==E== {| class="wikitable sortable" [[Image:Gourruins.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Early 19t century [[lithograph]] o the Muslim ruins o '''Dakhil Darwaza''' at Gaur in [[English Bazar]] (Malda in [[Wast Bengal]])]] [[File:Erode-Junction-Railway-Station-ED.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Erode]], Train Station]] ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessificatiom ! Population (2001) |- | [[Ellenabad]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,795 |- | [[Eluru]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|515,000 |- | [[Erattupetta]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,682 |- | [[Erode]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"| 521,776 |- | [[Etah]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Etawah]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[English Bazar]] (Malda) || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|324,237 (2011) |} ==F== {| class="wikitable sortable" [[File:Fatehpur Sikri Panch Mahal.jpg|thumb|250px|Panch Mahal at [[Fatehpur Sikri]], Uttar Pradesh]] ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Faizabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Falna]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Faridabad]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|1,055,938 |- | [[Faridkot, Indie|Faridkot]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|79,321 |- | [[Farooqnagar]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|34,470 |- | [[Farrukhabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehabad, Haryana|Fatehabad]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|59,917 |- | [[Fatehabad, Madhya Pradesh|Fatehabad]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehabad, Agra|Fatehabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehgarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur Chaurasi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur Sikri]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur, Rajasthan|Fatehpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur, Barabanki|Fatehpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur, Fatehpur|Fatehpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatuha|Fatwah]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,672 |- | [[Fazilka]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|67,427 |- | [[Forbesganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,499 |- | [[Firozabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Firozpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|95,475 |- | [[Firozpur Cantt.]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.B || style="text-align:right;"|57,678 |} ==G== [[File:Vishnupad Temple.JPG|thumb|250px|Vishnupad Temple, Gaya]] [[File:Kaushambi.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh|Ghaziabad]], Uttar Pradesh]] [[File:Gorakpage.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Gorakhpur]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Ceassification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Gadarwara]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|37,837 |- | [[Gadhaga]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gadchiroli]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gadwal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|53,560 |- | [[Ganaur]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,006 |- | [[Gandhidham]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gandhinagar]]* || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gangtok]]* || [[Sikkim]] || N.T.A || style="text-align:right;"|29,354 |- | [[Ganjam]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:left;"| |- | [[Garhwa]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,686 |- | [[Gauripur, Indie|Gauripur]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,002 |- | [[Gauribidanur]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gaya, Indie|Gaya]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|394,945 |- | [[Gharaunda]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,172 |- | [[Ghatampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ghatanji]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ghatshila]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|37,854 |- | [[Ghaziabad, Indie|Ghaziabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ghazipur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Giddarbaha]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|36,598 |- | [[Gingee]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Giridih]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|105,634 |- | [[Goa Velha]] || [[Goa]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Goalpara]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|49,037 |- | [[Gobichettipalayam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,279 |- | [[Gobindgarh]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|60,677 |- | [[Gobranawapara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,591 |- | [[Godda]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,008 |- | [[Godhra]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gogri Jamalpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|31,106 |- | [[Gohana]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|48,532 |- | [[Gokak]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|82,674 |- | [[Golaghat]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|33,064 |- | [[Gomoh]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,587 |- | [[Gondiya]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gooty]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|43,389 |- | [[Gopalganj, Indie|Gopalganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,449 |- | [[Gorakhpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Greater Noida]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gudalur, Coimbatore|Gudalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gudalur, Nilgiris|Gudalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gudalur, Theni|Gudalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gudivada]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|113,054 |- | [[Gudur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|68,782 |- | [[Gulbarga]] || [[Karnataka]] || M corp. || style="text-align:right;"| 7,45,356 |- | [[Gumia]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|45,548 |- | [[Gumla]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,761 |- | [[Guna, Indie|Guna]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gundlupet]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C. || style="text-align:right;"| 26,368 |- | [[Guntakal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|117,103 |- | [[Guntur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|514,461 |- | [[Gunupur]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|24,706 |- | [[Gurdaspur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|68,441 |- | [[Gurgaon]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|228,820 |- | [[Guruvayoor]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|138,681 |- | [[Guwahati]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,005,543 |- | [[Gwalior]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.Corp || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==H== {| class="wikitable sortable" [[File:Charminar-Pride of Hyderabad.jpg|thumb|250px|Charminar in [[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[Image:Chinsuran Watch Tower byPiyal Kundu.jpg|thumb|250px|Chuchura Ghorir More clock touer, [[Hugli-Chuchura]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[File:Chandramouleshwara temple Unkal 2.JPG|thumb|250px|Chandramouleshwara temple, [[Hubbali]]]] ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Haflong]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|36,302 |- | [[Hailakandi]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|29,739 |- | [[Hajipur]]sscsc || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|119,412 |- | [[Haldia]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Haldwani]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|158,896 |- | [[Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh|Hamirpur]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh|Hamirpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] ||M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|38,035 |- | [[Hansi]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|75,745 |- | [[Hanuman Junction]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hanumangarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.CI. || style="text-align:right;"|211,536 |- | [[Harda]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hardoi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Haridwar]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|220,767 |- | [[Haripad]] || [[Kerala]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|19,064 |- | [[Harsawa]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hassan, Karnataka|Haasana]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hastinapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hathras]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hazaribag]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|135,473 |- | [[Hilsa]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|37,775 |- | [[Himatnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hindupur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|125,074 |- | [[Hinjilicut]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,347 |- | [[Hisar, Indie|Hisar]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|263,186 |- | [[Hisua]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|25,205 |- | [[Hodal]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|38,309 |- | [[Hojai]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|35,718 |- | [[Hoshiarpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|149,668 |- | [[Hosapet]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Howrah]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hubbali]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hukkeri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,010 |- | [[Hugli-Chuchura]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|170, 201 |- | [[Hussainabad, Jharkhand|Hussainabad]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|23,441 |- | [[Hyderabad]]* || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|5,742,036 |} ==I== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Ichalkaranji]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"|420,000 |- | [[Ichchapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|32,662 |- | [[Idar]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Imphal]]* || [[Manipur]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|250,234 |- | [[Indi, Karnataka|Indi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C. || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Indore]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || U.A. || style="text-align:right;"|1,474,968 |- | [[Indranagar]] || [[Tripura]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|17,807 |- | [[Irinjalakuda]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,873 |- | [[Islampur, Nalanda|Islampur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|29,868 |- | [[Islampur, Uttar Dinajpur|Islampur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Itanagar]]* || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|35,022 |- | [[Itarsi]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,14,430 |- | [[Idukki]] || [[Kerala]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==J== [[Image:Wbjhargrampalace.JPG|right|250px|thumb|The Jhargram palace]] [[File:Jorhat.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Jorhat]] Skyline]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Jabalpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M. Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|11,70,000 (2011) |- | [[Jagadhri]] || [[Haryana]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jagatsinghapur]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,824 |- | [[Jagdalpur]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|103,123 |- | [[Jagdispur]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,085 |- | [[Jaggaiahpet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|40,373 |- | [[Jagraon]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|60,080 |- | [[Jagtial]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,521 |- | [[Jaipur]]* || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"|3110570 (2011) |- | [[Jais]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jaisalmer]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jaitaran]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jaitu]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|33,465 |- | [[Jajapur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,239 |- | [[Jajmau]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M. Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|652,831 |- | [[Jalalabad, Firozpur|Jalalabad]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|32,924 |- | [[Jalna, Maharashtra|Jalna]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jalandhar Cantt.]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.B || style="text-align:right;"|40,531 |- | [[Jalandhar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|714,077 |- | [[Jaleswar]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,387 |- | [[Jalgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jalpaiguri]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || U.A || style="text-align:right;"|169,013 |- | [[Jalore]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jamalpur, Bihar|Jamalpur]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|96,983 |- | [[Jammalamadugu]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|40,514 |- | [[Jammu]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|612,163 |- | [[Jamnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"|1,910,000 |- | [[Jamshedpur]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,618,524 |- | [[Jamtara]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|22,558 |- | [[Jamui]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|66,797 |- | [[Jandiala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,834 |- | [[Jangaon, Warangal|Jangaon]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|43,996 |- | [[Janjgir]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,513 |- | [[Jashpurnagar]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,239 |- | [[Jaspur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|38,937 |- | [[Jatani]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|57,957 |- | [[Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh|Jaunpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jayankondam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,569 |- | [[Jehanabad]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|81,503 |- | [[Jeypore|Jeypur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,625 |- | [[Jhabua]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jhajha]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|36,447 |- | [[Jhajjar]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|39,002 |- | [[Jhalawar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jhanjharpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|24,112 |- | [[Jhansi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|504,292 |- | [[Jhargram]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,158 |- | [[Jharsuguda]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,100 |- | [[Jhumri Tilaiya]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|69,503 |- | [[Jhunjhunu]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jind]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|135,855 |- | [[Joda]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,689 |- | [[Jodhpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jogbani|Jogabani]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|29,991 |- | [[Jogendranagar]] || [[Tripura]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|34,850 |- | [[Jorhat]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|137,814 |- | [[Jowai]] || [[Meghalaya]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,057 |- | [[Junagadh]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Junnar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jhalda]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,000 |} ==K== [[File:Ekam.jpg|right|thumb|280 px|The 1500 year-auld [[Ekambareswarar Temple]], in [[Kanchipuram]], [[Tamil Nadu]]]] [[File:Dakshineshwar.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Dakshineshwar Kali Temple, built on a raised platform, [[Kolkata]].]] [[Image:IIT Kharagpur Main Building.JPG|thumb|250px|Institute Main Building, IIT Kharagpur, [[Kharagpur]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[File:DLF IT Park - Rajarhat 2012-04-11 9380.JPG|thumb|250px|DLF IT Park, [[Rajarhat]] (New Toun), [[Kolkata]]. ]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Kadapa]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kadi, Gujarat|Kadi]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|60,026 |- | [[Kadiri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,252 |- | [[Kadirur]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,989 |- | [[Kagaznagar]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|59,734 |- | [[Kailaras]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kailasahar]] || [[Tripura]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,286 |- | [[Kaithal]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|117,285 |- | [[Kakching]] || [[Manipur]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|28,724 |- | [[Kakinada]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M.Corp || style="text-align:right;"|376,861 |- | [[Kalan Wali]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,163 |- | [[Kalavad]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|24,858 |- | [[Kalburgi]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kalimpong]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kalka]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,830 |- | [[Kalliasseri]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,068 |- | [[Kalpi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|112,013 |- | [[Kalol INA|Kalol]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|27,903 |- | [[Kalpetta]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,612 |- | [[Kalyan, India|Kalyan]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"|1,576,614 |- | [[Kalyandurg]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,266 |- | [[Kamareddy]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|64,496 |- | [[Kamthi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kanchipuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kanda, Uttarakhand|Kanda]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kandukur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,326 |- | [[Kanhangad]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|129,367 |- | [[Kanjikkuzhi]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || align="right"21 |- | [[Kanker]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|31,385 |- | [[Kannur]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|498,207 |- | [[Kanpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || Megacity || style="text-align:right;"|5,881,356 |- | [[Kantabanji]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,095 |- | [[Kanti]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,871 |- | [[Kapadvanj]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,950 |- | [[Kapurthala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|85,686 |- | [[Karad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Karaikal]] || [[Puducherry]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|74,438 |- | [[Karaikudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Karanjia]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,441 |- | [[Karimganj]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|52,613 |- | [[Karimnagar]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M.corp || style="text-align:right;"|299,302 |- | [[Karjan]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,358 |- | [[Karjat]] || [[Maharashtra]]|| M || style="text-align:right;"| 217,363 |- | [[Kaarkala]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Karnal]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|12,74,843 |- | [[Karoran]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,361 |- | [[Kartarpur, Indie|Kartarpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,157 |- | [[Karur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|153,675 |- | [[Karungal]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Karwar]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|62,973 |- | [[Kasaragod]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|75,968 |- | [[Kashipur, Uttarakhand|Kashipur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|92,967 |- | [[Kathua]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|51,034 |- | [[Katihar]] || [[Bihar]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|190,873 |- | [[Katni]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Katra, Jammu an Kashmir|Katra]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kavali]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|85,616 |- | [[Kavaratti]]* || [[Lakshadweep]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|10,119 |- | [[Kawardha]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|32,415 |- | [[Kayamkulam]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|68,585 |- | [[Kendrapara]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,407 |- | [[Kendujhar]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,845 |- | [[Keshod]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,257 |- | [[Keylong]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Khagaria]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,221 |- | [[Khambhalia]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,479 |- | [[Khambhat]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|93,194 |- | [[Khammam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|198,620 |- | [[Khanna, Indie|Khanna]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|103,099 |- | [[Kharagpur, Munger|Kharagpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|27,075 |- | [[Kharagpur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || Urban Agglomeration || style="text-align:right;"|3,72,339 |- | [[Kharar, Mohali|Kharar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|42,289 |- | [[Kheda]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|24,136 |- | [[Khedbrahma]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,556 |- | [[Kheralu]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,141 |- | [[Kheri]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Khordha]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,054 |- | [[Khowai]] || [[Tripura]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|17,689 |- | [[Khunti]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|29,282 |- | [[Khurai]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[kichha]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|30,503 |- | [[Kishanganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,590 |- | [[Kochi, Indie|Kochi]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,355,972 |- | [[Kodad]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kodinar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,610 |- | [[Kodungallur]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|94,883 |- | [[Kohima]]* || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|77,030 |- | [[Kokrajhar]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|31,164 |- | [[Kolar]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"|77,030 |- | [[Kolhar, Bijapur|Kolhar]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"|31,164 |- | [[Kolhapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kolkata]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || Urban Agglomeration || style="text-align:right;"|14,617,882 |- | [[Kollam]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|380,091 |- | [[Kollankodu]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|34,425 |- | [[Kondagaon]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,898 |- | [[Konnagar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Koothuparamba]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,532 |- | [[Koraput]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|39,548 |- | [[Korba, Chhattisgarh|Korba]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|365,073 |- | [[Koratla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,012 |- | [[Kot Kapura]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|80,785 |- | [[Kota, Karnataka|Kota]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kota, Rajasthan|Kota]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kota, Uttar Pradesh|Kota]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kotdwara]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|24,947 |- | [[Kothagudem]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|105,266 |- | [[Kothamangalam, Kerala|Kothamangalam]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,173 |- | [[Kothapeta]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kotma]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kottayam]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|172,878 |- | [[Kovvur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|39,372 |- | [[Kozhikode]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,080,247 |- | [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kuchinda]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kulpahar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P. || style="text-align:right;"|17,437 |- | [[Kunnamkulam]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,592 |- | [[Kurali]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,047 |- | [[Kurnool]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|495,973 |- | [[Kurukshetra]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kyathampalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|42,273 |- | [[Kamahi Devi]]||[[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|7 |- | [[Kalyani, Wast Bengal|Kalyani]]||[[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|7 |} ==L== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Lachhmangarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,345 |- | [[Ladnu]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,070 |- | [[Ladwa]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|22,339 |- | [[Lahar, Indie|Lahar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|28,253 |- | [[Laharpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|50,092 |- | [[Lakheri]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,183 |- | [[Lakhimpur, Uttar Pradesh|Lakhimpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|121,486 |- | [[Lakhisarai]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|77,875 |- | [[Lakshmishawara]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|33,417 |- | [[Lal Gopalganj Nindaura]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,992 |- | [[Lalganj, Bihar|Lalganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,873 |- | [[Lalgudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,405 |- | [[Lalitpur, Indie|Lalitpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|111,892 |- | [[Lalganj, Uttar Pradesh|Lalganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,142 |- | [[Lalsot]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,249 |- | [[Lanka]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|34,423 |- | [[Lar, Indie|Lar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,363 |- | [[Lathi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,966 |- | [[Latur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|299,985 |- | [[Leh]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|28,639 |- | [[Lilong (Thoubal)|Lilong]] || [[Manipur]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,257 |- | [[Limbdi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,071 |- | [[Lingsuguru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,306 |- | [[Loha, Nanded|Loha]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,148 |- | [[Lohardaga]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|46,196 |- | [[Lonar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,082 |- | [[Lonavla]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|55,652 |- | [[Longowal]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,239 |- | [[Loni, Indie|Loni]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|120,945 |- | [[Losal]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,361 |- | [[Lucknow]]* || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|2,245,509 |- | [[Ludhiana]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|1,398,467 |- | [[Lumding]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|50,570 |- | [[Lunawada]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,369 |- | [[Lundi]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,168 |- | [[Lunglei]] || [[Mizoram]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|47,137 |} ==M== [[File:Gandhi museum, Madurai.jpg|thumb|[[Madurai]], Tamil Nadu]] [[File:Medak Cathedral (1).jpg|thumb|[[Medak]] cathedral, [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Mumbai Skyline at Night.jpg|thumb|right50px|[[Mumbai]]]] [[File:Machilipatnam koneru center 3.JPG|thumb|[[Machilipatnam]], Andhra Pradesh]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Macherla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,221 |- | [[Machilipatnam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|179,353 |- | [[Madanapalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|107,449 |- | [[Maddhuru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|26,521 |- | [[Margao]] || [[Goa]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Madhepura]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,031 |- | [[Madhubani, Indie|Madhubani]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|66,340 |- | [[Madhugiri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|26,304 |- | [[Madhupur, Deoghar|Madhupur]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,326 |- | [[Madhyamgram]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Madikeri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,496 |- | [[Madurai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"|862,420 |- | [[Maagadi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,031 |- | [[Mahabaleswar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mahad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|24,276 |- | [[Mahbubnagar]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|139,662 |- | [[Mahalingapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,858 |- | [[Maharajganj, Siwan|Maharajganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,860 |- | [[Maharajpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"|21,490 |- | [[Mahasamund]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,100 |- | [[Mahé, Indie|Mahe]] || [[Puducherry]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,828 |- | [[Mahendragarh]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|30,758 |- | [[Mahendragarh]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|24,323 |- | [[Mahesana]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|141,453 |- | [[Mahidpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|29,379 |- | [[Mahnar Bazar]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,370 |- | [[Mahoba]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mahuli]] ||[[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mahuva, Bhavnagar|Mahuva]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|80,726 |- | [[Mahwa, Indie|Mahwa]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Maihar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,342 |- | [[Mainaguri]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,106 |- | [[Makhdumpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|30,109 |- | [[Makrana]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|91,853 |- | [[Malda, Wast Bengal|Mal]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|23,218 |- | [[Malajkhand]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,296 |- | [[Malappuram]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|170,409 |- | [[Malavalli]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|35,851 |- | [[Malegaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|409,403 |- | [[Malerkotla]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|107,009 |- | [[Malkangiri]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,114 |- | [[Malkapur, Buldhana|Malkapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|61,012 |- | [[Malout]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|70,765 |- | [[Malpura]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|27,360 |- | [[Maaluru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,815 |- | [[Manasa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,623 |- | [[Manavadar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,563 |- | [[Manawar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,467 |- | [[Manchar, Indie|Manchar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mancherial]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|118,195 |- | [[Mandalgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,169 |- | [[Mandamarri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|66,596 |- | [[Mandapeta]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,638 |- | [[Mandawa]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,830 |- | [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|60,387 |- | [[Mandi Dabwali]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|53,811 |- | [[Mandideep]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,859 |- | [[Mandla]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|60,542 |- | [[Mandsaur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|117,555 |- | [[Mandvi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,355 |- | [[Mandya]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|131,179 |- | [[Maner]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|30,082 |- | [[Manesar]] || [[Haryana]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mangalagiri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mangaldoi]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|23,920 |- | [[Mangalooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|539,387 |- | [[Mangalvedhe]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,706 |- | [[Manglaur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|42,584 |- | [[Mangrol]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|56,320 |- | [[Mangrol, Rajasthan|Mangrol]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,842 |- | [[Mangrulpir]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|27,815 |- | [[Manihari]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|21,803 |- | [[Manjlegaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|44,029 |- | [[Mankachar]] || [[Assam]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,780 |- | [[Manmad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|72,401 |- | [[Mansa, Punjab|Mansa]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|72,627 |- | [[Mansa, Gujarat|Mansa]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,922 |- | [[Manuguru]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|32,893 |- | [[Maanvi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|37,613 |- | [[Manwath]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|29,218 |- | [[Mapusa]] || [[Goa]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|40,487 |- | [[Margao]] || [[Goa]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|94,383 |- | [[Margherita, Assam|Margherita]] || [[Assam]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|24,049 |- | [[Marhaura]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|24,548 |- | [[Mariani, Jorhat|Mariani]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,997 |- | [[Marigaon]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,811 |- | [[Markapur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|58,462 |- | [[Marmagao]] || [[Goa]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|104,758 |- | [[Masaurhi]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || 45,248 |- | [[Mathabhanga]] || [[West Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,107 |- | [[Mathura]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mattannur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|44,313 |- | [[Mauganj]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,024 |- | [[Maur, Indie|Maur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|27,543 |- | [[Mavelikkara]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,439 |- | [[Mavoor]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,845 |- | [[Mayang Imphal]] || [[Manipur]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,532 |- | [[Medak]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|41,945 |- | [[Medinipur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|149,769 |- | [[Meerut]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|1,309,023 |- | [[Mehkar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|37,715 |- | [[Mehmedabad]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|30,768 |- | [[Memari]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,207 |- | [[Merta City]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,252 |- | [[Mhaswad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,500 |- | [[Mhow|Mhow Cantonment]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|92,364 |- | [[Mhowgaon]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,523 |- | [[Mihijam]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|33,236 |- | [[Mira-Bhayandar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|520,301 |- | [[Miraj]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mirganj, Bihar|Mirganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|23,576 |- | [[Miryalaguda]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|91,359 |- | [[Mirzapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mithapur]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Modasa]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,135 |- | [[Modinagar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|272,918 |- | [[Moga, Punjab|Moga]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|135,279 |- | [[Mogalthur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mohali]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|123,484 |- | [[Mohania]] || [[Bihar]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mokama]] || [[Bihar]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mokameh]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,615 |- | [[Mokokchung]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|31,214 |- | [[Monoharpur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,846 |- | [[Moradabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Morena]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|150,959 |- | [[Morinda]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,635 |- | [[Morshi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|33,607 |- | [[Morvi]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|178,055 |- | [[Motihari]] || [[Bihar]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|108,428 |- | [[Motipur, Indie|Motipur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|21,957 |- | [[Mount Abu]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,152 |- | [[Mudalagi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,893 |- | [[Mudabidri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,713 |- | [[Muddebihala]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|28,219 |- | [[Mudhola]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|42,461 |- | [[Mukatsar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mukerian]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,384 |- | [[Mukhed]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,933 |- | [[Muktsar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|83,655 |- | [[Mul, Indie|Mul]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,330 |- | [[Mulabaagilu]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|44,033 |- | [[Multai]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,423 |- | [[Mumbai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|18,414,288 |- | [[Mundaragi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,363 |- | [[Mungeli]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|31,613 |- | [[Munger]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|188,050 |- | [[Muradnagar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Murliganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|22,936 |- | [[Murshidabad]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,947 |- | [[Murtijapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|38,554 |- | [[Murwara]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|187,029 |- | [[Musabani]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|33,980 |- | [[Mussoorie]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|29,329 |- | [[Muvattupuzha]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,246 |- | [[Muzaffarnagar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Muzaffarpur]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|305,525 |- | [[Mysore]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|799,228 |} ==N== [[Image:Jubilee Bridge (Naihati-Bandel) by Piyal Kundu.jpg|thumb|right|View o Jubilee Bridge athort River Hooghly in [[Naihati]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[Image:Nagpur Reserve Bank.JPG|thumb|right|Branch o RBI in [[Nagpur]] ceety]] [[Image:Nashik Growth.jpg|thumb|right|Growin suburb o [[Nashik]]]] [[Image:Takht Shri Hazoor Sahib Gurudwara Nanded.JPG|thumb|right|View o Takht Shri Hazoor Sahib Gurudwara in [[Nanded]]]] [[Image:Nec-nellore.jpg|thumb|right|View o Narayana Engineering College in [[Nellore]]]] [[Image:IT Park, Noida, Uttar Pradesh (2011-06-18).jpg|thumb|right|View o IT park in [[NOIDA]] region]] [[File:Ramalayam 2.jpg|thumb|right|Khilla Ramalayam Temple in [[Nizamabad, Andhra Pradesh|Nizamabad]]]] [[Image:Clock Tower, Nagercoil.JPG|thumb|right|View o Clock Touer in [[Nagercoil]]]] [[Image:Gandhi Sagar Dam1.JPG|thumb|right|View o Gandhi Sagar Dam in [[Neemuch]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Nabadwip]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|125,341 |- | [[Nabarangapur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,005 |- | [[Nabha]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|61,593 |- | [[Nadbai]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,649 |- | [[Nadiad]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|196,793 |- | [[Nidagundi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|26,793 |- | [[Nagaon]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|123,265 |- | [[Nagapattinam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|93,148 |- | [[Nagar, Rajasthan|Nagar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,350 |- | [[Nagari]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|24,372 |- | [[Nagarkurnool]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,157 |- | [[Nagaur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|93,915 |- | [[Nagda]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|96,579 |- | [[Nagercoil]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|208,179 |- | [[Nagina]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|71,350 |- | [[Nagla]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,947 |- | [[Nagpur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|2,129,500 |- | [[Nahan]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,053 |- | [[Naharlagun]] || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,020 |- | [[Naihati]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|215,432 |- | [[Naila Janjgir]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,513 |- | [[Nainital]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|39,911 |- | [[Nainpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,760 |- | [[Najibabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|79,025 |- | [[Nakodar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,408 |- | [[Nakur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|20,715 |- | [[Nalasopara]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|184,538 |- | [[Nalanda]] || [[Bihar]] || || |- | [[Nalbari]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|23,183 |- | [[Namagiripettai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,446 |- | [[Namakkal]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,055 |- | [[Nanded|Nanded-Waghala]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|430,733 |- | [[Nandgaon, Maharashtra|Nandgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,195 |- | [[Nandivaram-Guduvancheri]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|26,575 |- | [[Nandura]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|37,469 |- | [[Nandurbar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|94,368 |- | [[Nandyal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|157,120 |- | [[Nangal]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|45,368 |- | [[Nanjanagoodu]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|48,232 |- | [[Nanjikottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,935 |- | [[Nanpara]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|42,773 |- | [[Narsapur, Wast Godavari|Narasapur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|58,604 |- | [[Narasaraopet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|95,349 |- | [[Naraura]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,407 |- | [[Narayanpet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|37,563 |- | [[Nargund]] || [[Rajasthan]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,561 |- | [[Narkatiaganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|40,830 |- | [[Narkhed]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,537 |- | [[Narnaul]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|62,077 |- | [[Narsinghgarh, Damoh|Narsinghgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|56,203 |- | [[Narsinghgarh, Rajgarh|Narsinghgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,723 |- | [[Narsipatnam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|32,623 |- | [[Narwana]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|50,435 |- | [[Nashik]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,152,326 |- | [[Nasirabad, Ajmer|Nasirabad]] || [[Rajasthan]] || C.B || style="text-align:right;"|49,130 |- | [[Natham]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,545 |- | [[Nathdwara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,026 |- | [[Naugachhia]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,287 |- | [[Naugawan Sadat]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,066 |- | [[Nautanwa]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|29,302 |- | [[Navalgund]] || [[Rajasthan]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,202 |- | [[Navi Mumbai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,119,477 |- | [[Navsari]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|232,411 |- | [[Nawabganj, Bareilly|Nawabganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|30,606 |- | [[Nawada]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|81,891 |- | [[Nawagarh, Chhattisgarh|Nawagarh]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"|21,220 |- | [[Nawalgarh, Rajasthan|Nawalgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,491 |- | [[Nawanshahr]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|31,967 |- | [[Nawapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|29,979 |- | [[Nedumangad]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,138 |- | [[Neem-Ka-Thana]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,548 |- | [[Neemuch]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|112,852 |- | [[Nehtaur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|44,320 |- | [[Nelamangala]] || [[Rajasthan]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,287 |- | [[Nellikuppam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|44,222 |- | [[Nellore]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|404,775 |- | [[Nepanagar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,638 |- | [[New Delhi]]* || [[Delhi]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|249,998 |- | [[Neyveli]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|138,035 |- | [[Neyyattinkara]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|69,467 |- | [[Nidadavole]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,143 |- | [[Nilanga]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,662 |- | [[Nilambur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,211 |- | [[Nimbahera]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,327 |- | [[Nippani]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|58,081 |- | [[Nirmal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|75,254 |- | [[Niwai]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,365 |- | [[Niwari, Madhya Pradesh|Niwari]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,713 |- | [[Nizamabad, Andhra Pradesh|Nizamabad]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|288,722 |- | [[Nohar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,309 |- | [[Noida]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|305,058 |- | [[Nokha, Rohtas|Nokha]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|22,354 |- | [[Nokha, Bikaner|Nokha]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,688 |- | [[Nongstoin]] || [[Meghalaya]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,106 |- | [[Noorpur, Uttar Pradesh|Noorpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|33,590 |- | [[North Lakhimpur]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|54,285 |- | [[Nagaon|Nowgong]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,024 |- | [[Nowrozabad]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,403 |- | [[Nuzvid]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,354 |- | [[Moradabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|889,810 |} ==O== Nagalapuram [[Image:Ongole railway station.jpg|thumb|right|Main entrance o [[Ongole]] railwey station]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Classification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Nagalapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,793 |- | [[O' Valley]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,793 |- | [[Oddanchatram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,132 |- | [[Obra, Indie|Obra]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|51,014 |- | [[Ongole]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|3,02,643 (2013) |- | [[Orai]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|139,318 |- | [[Osmanabad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|80,625 |- | [[Ottappalam]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,342 |- | [[Ozar, Nashik|Ozar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|45,954 |} ==P== [[Image:Pune India.jpg|thumb|right|Croudit Roads o [[Pune]]]] [[Image:Puducherry Park Monument retouched.jpg|thumb|right|Park Monunemt (Aayi Mandapam) at the Government Park in [[Puducherry]]]] [[Image:Rail Shed Panipat Station.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Panipat]] railwey station]] [[Image:Fountain Chowk.jpg|thumb|right|The Phuara Chowk, the central landmark o [[Patiala]]]] [[Image:Porbandar skyline.JPG|thumb|right|Skyline o [[Porbandar]]]] [[Image:Palakkad Fort.JPG|thumb|right|View o Tippu's Fort in [[Palakkad]] frae ootside the northren waw]] [[Image:Ravi River at Pathankot.jpg|thumb|right|View o Ravi River at [[Pathankot]]]] [[Image:Rath Yatra Puri 07-11027.jpg|thumb|right|Rath Yatra festival in [[Puri]] at Shri Jagannath Temple]] [[Image:A Busy road in Main Market.JPG|thumb|right|A Busy Main Market in [[Pilibhit]] ceety]] [[Image:Ranikivav14.jpg|thumb|right|View o Dattu Prajapati in Patan]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[P.N.Patti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,331 |- | [[Pachora]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|45,333 |- | [[Pachore]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,939 |- | [[Pacode]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,781 |- | [[Padmanabhapuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,075 |- | [[Padra]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|39,205 |- | [[Padrauna]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|44,383 |- | [[Paithan]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,518 |- | [[Pakaur]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,029 |- | [[Palacole]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|76,308 |- | [[Palai]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,640 |- | [[Palakkad]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|197,369 |- | [[Palani]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|67,231 |- | [[Palanpur]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|122,300 |- | [[Palasa-Kasibugga|Palasa Kasibugga]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|49,899 |- | [[Palghar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|52,677 |- | [[Pali, Rajasthan|Pali]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|187,641 |- | [[Pali, Umaria|Pali]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,942 |- | [[Palia Kalan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|35,029 |- | [[Palitana]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,944 |- | [[Pondur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|3,931 |- | [[Palladam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|30,016 |- | [[Pallapatti, Virudhunagar|Pallapatti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|24,326 |- | [[Pallikonda]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,771 |- | [[Palwal]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|100,722 |- | [[Palwancha]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|69,088 |- | [[Panagar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,199 |- | [[Panagudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,501 |- | [[Panaji]]* || [[Goa]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|99,677 |- | [[Panamattom]] || [[Kerala]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|10,032 |- | [[Panchkula]] || [[Haryana]] || E.O || style="text-align:right;"|140,925 |- | [[Panchla]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,051 |- | [[Pandharkaoda]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,572 |- | [[Pandharpur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|91,379 |- | [[Pandhurna]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,931 |- | [[Pandua, Hooghly|Pandua]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,161 |- | [[Panipat]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|354,148 |- | [[Panna, Indie|Panna]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|52,057 |- | [[Panniyannur]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,863 |- | [[Panruti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|55,346 |- | [[Panvel]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|204,336 |- | [[Pappinisseri]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|33,273 |- | [[Paradip]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|73,625 |- | [[Paramakudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|84,321 |- | [[Parangipettai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,912 |- | [[Parasi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,206 |- | [[Paravur, Kollam|Paravoor]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,652 |- | [[Parbhani]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|259,329 |- | [[Pardi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,275 |- | [[Parlakhemundi]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,097 |- | [[Parli, Maharashtra|Parli]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|88,537 |- | [[Parola]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,799 |- | [[Partur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|29,012 |- | [[Parvathipuram, Andhra Pradesh|Parvathipuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,714 |- | [[Pasan]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,565 |- | [[Paschim Punropara]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|31,198 |- | [[Pasighat]] || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,965 |- | [[Patan, Gujarat|Patan]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|113,749 |- | [[Pathanamthitta]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,009 |- | [[Pathankot]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|168,485 |- | [[Pathardi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,827 |- | [[Pathri]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|32,001 |- | [[Patiala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|405,164 |- | [[Patna, Indie|Patna]]* || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|1,697,976 |- | [[Patran, Indie|Patran]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,175 |- | [[Patratu, Jharkhand|Patratu]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|32,134 |- | [[Pattamundai]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,730 |- | [[Patti, Punjab|Patti]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,444 |- | [[Pattukkottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|65,533 |- | [[Patur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,538 |- | [[Pauni]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,587 |- | [[Pauri]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|24,743 |- | [[Paavagada]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|28,068 |- | [[Pedana]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|29,613 |- | [[Peddapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,520 |- | [[Pehowa]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|33,564 |- | [[Pen]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|30,201 |- | [[Penuganchiprolu]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || G.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,000 |- | [[Perambalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|37,631 |- | [[Peravurani]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,045 |- | [[Peringathur]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|37,699 |- | [[Perinthalmanna]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|44,612 |- | [[Periyakulam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,012 |- | [[Periyapatna]] || [[Karnataka]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|4,236 ||align="right"| |- | [[Periyasemur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|32,024 |- | [[Pernampattu]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|41,499 |- | [[Perumbavoor]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,547 |- | [[Petlad]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,147 |- | [[Phagwara]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|102,253 |- | [[Phalodi]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|44,868 |- | [[Phaltan]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|50,800 |- | [[Phillaur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,302 |- | [[Phulabani]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|33,890 |- | [[Phulera]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,643 |- | [[Phulpur, Allahabad|Phulpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,986 |- | [[Phusro]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|174,402 |- | [[Pihani]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|27,545 |- | [[Pilani]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|40,590 |- | [[Pilibanga]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,608 |- | [[Pilibhit]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|124,245 |- | [[Pilkhuwa]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|66,907 |- | [[Pindwara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,765 |- | [[Pinjore]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|29,609 |- | [[Piparcity]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,735 |- | [[Pipariya, Hoshangabad|Pipariya]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|44,378 |- | [[Piro, Bhojpur|Piro]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|25,811 |- | [[Pithampur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|68,080 |- | [[Pithapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,103 |- | [[Pithoragarh]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|44,964 |- | [[Pollachi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|128,458 |- | [[Polur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,505 |- | [[Pondicherry]]* || [[Puducherry]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|505,959 |- | [[Ponkunnam]] || [[Kerala]] || S.T.C || style="text-align:right;"|26,121 |- | [[Ponnani]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|87,495 |- | [[Ponneri]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,309 |- | [[Ponnur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,640 |- | [[Porbandar]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|197,382 |- | [[Porsa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,103 |- | [[Port Blair]]* || [[Andaman an Nicobar Islands]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|99,984 |- | [[Powayan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,406 |- | [[Prantij]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,282 |- | [[Pratapgarh, Rajasthan|Pratapgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,422 |- | [[Pratapgarh, Tripura|Pratapgarh]] || [[Tripura]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,837 |- | [[Prithvipur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,535 |- | [[Proddatur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|150,309 |- | [[Pudukkottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|109,217 |- | [[Pudupattinam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,901 |- | [[Pukhrayan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|20,107 |- | [[Pulgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|36,522 |- | [[Puliyankudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,080 |- | [[Punalur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,235 |- | [[Poonch|Punch]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|23,978 |- | [[Pune]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|3,760,636 |- | [[Punjaipugalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,309 |- | [[Punganur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|44,314 |- | [[Puranpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|37,233 |- | [[Purna]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|33,225 |- | [[Puri]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|157,837 |- | [[Purnia]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|197,211 |- | [[Purquazi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|23,599 |- | [[Purulia]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|113,806 |- | [[Purwa]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,271 |- | [[Pusad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|67,116 |- | [[Puthooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|48,070 |- | [[Puthuppally, Kottayam|Puthuppally]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|18,850 |- | [[Puttur, Andhra Pradesh|Puttur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,436 |} ==Q== [[Image:Quilandy.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Quilandy]] railwey station]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Qadian]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|22,001 |- | [[Quilandy]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|68,982 |} ==R== [[File:Gdlang.jpg|thumb|G.D.Lang Institution, [[Raghunathpur, Purulia|Raghunathpur]], [[Purulia]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[Image:Ranchi 9245.JPG|thumb|right|View o [[Ranchi]] frae Ranchi Hills]] [[Image:Stadium rohtak.jpg|thumb|right|Athletic Stadium, Sector-6, [[Rohtak]]]] [[Image:NTPC RAMAGUNDAM.jpg|thumb|right| View of NTPC in [[Ramagundam]]]] [[Image:AtRatlam.JPG|thumb|right| Jaipur Express at [[Ratlam]] Railway Station]] [[Image:Aastana-e-quadeer.jpg|thumb|right|A Dargah in [[Raichur]]]] [[Image:Rewa Kund.JPG|thumb|right|Rewa Kund in Rewa]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Rabakavi Banahatti]] || [[Karnataka]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|70,248 |- | [[Radhanpur]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,191 |- | [[Rae Bareli]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|169,333 |- | [[Rafiganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|24,992 |- | [[Raghogarh-Vijaypur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,173 |- | [[Raghunathpur, Purulia|Raghunathpur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,932 |- | [[Raghunathganj]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|3,46,854 |- | [[Rahatgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,215 |- | [[Raichuri]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,476 |- | [[Raayachuru]] || [[Karnataka]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|207,421 |- | [[Raiganj]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|175,047 |- | [[Raigarh]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|115,908 |- | [[Ranipet]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|262,346 |- | [[Raikot]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|24,769 |- | [[Raipur]]* || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|700,113 |- | [[Rairangpur]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,896 |- | [[Raisen]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,702 |- | [[Raisinghnagar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,736 |- | [[Rajagangapur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,594 |- | [[Rajahmundry]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|413,616 |- | [[Rajakhera]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,349 |- | [[Rajaldesar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,836 |- | [[Rajam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,424 |- | [[Rajampet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"| 109,575 |- | [[Rajapalayam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|122,307 |- | [[Rajauri]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,580 |- | [[Rajgarh, Alwar|Rajgarh (Alwar)]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,009 |- | [[Rajgarh, Churu|Rajgarh (Churu)]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|51,640 |- | [[Rajgarh, Madhya Pradesh|Rajgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,937 |- | [[Rajgir]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|33,738 |- | [[Rajkot]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,606,745(2012) |- | [[Rajnandgaon]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|143,770 |- | [[Rajpipla]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,923 |- | [[Rajpura]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|82,956 |- | [[Rajsamand]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|55,687 |- | [[Rajula]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,395 |- | [[Rajura]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,843 |- | [[Ramachandrapuram, East Godavari|Ramachandrapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,370 |- | [[Ramagundam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|237,686 |- | [[Raamanagara]] || [[Karnataka]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|79,394 |- | [[Ramanathapuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|62,050 |- | [[Raamadurga]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|36,649 |- | [[Rameshwaram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|37,968 |- | [[Ramganj Mandi]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|30,973 |- | [[Ramgarh, Jharkhand|Ramngarh]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|110,496 |- | [[Ramgarh, Sikar|Ramngarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,458 |- | [[Ramnagar, Paschim Champaran|Ramnagar]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,554 |- | [[Ramnagar, Uttarakhand|Ramnagar]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|46,205 |- | [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh|Rampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|281,494 |- | [[Rampur Maniharan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,844 |- | [[Rampur Maniharan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,844 |- | [[Rampura Phul]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|44,665 |- | [[Rampurhat]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,613 |- | [[Ramtek]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,516 |- | [[Ranaghat]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|145,285 |- | [[Ranavav]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|29,645 |- | [[Ranchi]]* || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|863,495 |- | [[Rangia]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|25,151 |- | [[Rania, Haryana|Rania]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,961 |- | [[Ranibennur]] || [[Karnataka]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|89,618 |- | [[Rapar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|23,057 |- | [[Rasipuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|46,330 |- | [[Rasra]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|29,238 |- | [[Ratangarh, Churu|Ratangarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,486 |- | [[Rath, India|Rath]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|55,950 |- | [[Ratia]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,826 |- | [[Ratlam]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|14,54,483 (2011) |- | [[Ratnagiri]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|70,383 |- | [[Rau]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,855 |- | [[Raurkela]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|484,874 |- | [[Raver, Maharashtra|Raver]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,993 |- | [[Rawatbhata]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,690 |- | [[Rawatsar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,387 |- | [[Raxaul Bazar]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,610 |- | [[Rayachoti]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|72,297 |- | [[Rayadurg]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,125 |- | [[Rayagada]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,759 |- | [[Reengus]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,932 |- | [[Rehli]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,890 |- | [[Renigunta]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,862 |- | [[Renukoot]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|66,597 |- | [[Reoti]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,082 |- | [[Repalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,539 |- | [[Revelganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,042 |- | [[Rewa, Madhya Pradesh|Rewa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|183,274 |- | [[Rewari]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|100,684 |- | [[Rishikesh]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|78,805 |- | [[Risod]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|27,516 |- | [[Robertsganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|32,243 |- | [[Robertson Pet]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|157,084 |- | [[Rohtak]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|294,577 |- | [[Ron, Karnataka|Ron]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,643 |- | [[Roorkee]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|115,278 |- | [[Rosera]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,492 |- | [[Rudauli]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|36,776 |- | [[Rudrapur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|88,676 |- | [[Rudrapur, Uttar Pradesh|Rudrapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|26,683 |- | [[Rupnagar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|49,159 |} ==S== [[Image:SIT.JPG|thumb|right|SIT (Siliguri Institute of Technology), [[Siliguri]], [[Wast Bengal]]]] [[Image:Siliguri(SIEM).jpg|thumb|[[Siliguri]], (SIEM)]] [[Image:GauravPath1.jpg|thumb|right|Streets o [[Surat]]]] [[Image:Siliguri Uttarayon township.jpg|thumb|right|A Tounship in [[Siliguri]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[Image:Srinagar pano.jpg|thumb|right|View o Dal Loch an the ceety o [[Srinagar]]]] <!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Siddheshwar.jpg|thumb|right|A Temple in [[Solapur]]]] --> [[Image:Salem Seelanaickenpati.jpg|thumb|right|Areal view o Salem City]] [[Image:Ganges canal roorkee1860.jpg|thumb|right|Wattercolor showin The Ganges Canal in [[Saharanpur]]]] [[Image:WCE Sangli.jpg|thumb|right|Walchand College of Engineering in [[Sangli]]]] [[Image:Sirts.JPG|thumb|right|A view o College Sagar Institute of Research, Technology & Science in Sagar]] [[Image:Shimoga Talaguppa Railcar.jpg|thumb|right|A Railcar runnin atween [[Shimoga]] an Talaguppa]] [[Image:Shillong.jpg|thumb|right|Areal view o [[Shillong]] City]] [[Image:Satna-Main street.JPG|thumb|right|View of Main street in [[Satna]] City durin early houres]] [[Image:Veku silchar.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Silchar]] Airport]] [[Image:Sitapur Jn Railway Station Outside View 1.jpg|thumb|right|Ootside view o [[Sitapur]] Railway]] [[Image:Madhav National Park1.JPG|thumb|right|Madhav National Park in [[Shivpuri]]]] [[Image:Train shimla.jpg|thumb|right| Toy train in [[Shimla]] runnin atween Shimla an Kalka]] [[Image:Sasaram.jpg|thumb|right|View o Mausolée de Sher Shah Suri à Sasaram in [[Sasaram]]]] [[Image:Busy Street, Sivakasi.jpg|thumb|right|Busy Streets o [[Sivakasi]], Small Japan]] [[Image:Satara city sunset by amitrc7th.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Satara]] Ceety at sunset, frae Charbhinti]] [[Image:Sarni - Satpura Dam.JPG|thumb|right|View o the [[Satpura]] Dam]] [[Image:Pillalamarri1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Pillalamarri, ane o the auldest Hindu Temples in [[Suryapet]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Sabalgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|34,039 |- | [[Sadabad, Uttar Pradesh|Sadabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|31,742 |- | [[Sadalaga]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,202 |- | [[Sadasivpet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,334 |- | [[Sadri]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|24,413 |- | [[Sadulshahar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,326 |- | [[Sadulpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|1,22,326 |- | [[Safidon]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,541 |- | [[Safipur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,378 |- | [[Sagar, Madhya Pradesh|Sagar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|308,922 |- | [[Sagara, Karnataka|Sagara]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|50,131 |- | [[Sagwara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,127 |- | [[Saharanpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|455,754 |- | [[Saharsa]] || [[Bihar]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|125,167 |- | [[Sahaspur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,606 |- | [[Sahaswan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|58,184 |- | [[Sahawar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,470 |- | [[Sahibganj]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|80,154 |- | [[Sahjanwa]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,107 |- | [[Saidpur, Ghazipur|Saidpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,568 |- | [[Saiha]] || [[Mizoram]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|19,731 |- | [[Sailu]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|39,851 |- | [[Sainthia]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,145 |- | [[Sakaleshapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,176 |- | [[Sakti]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,213 |- | [[Salaya]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,875 |- | [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|751,438 |- | [[Salur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|48,354 |- | [[Samalkha]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,866 |- | [[Samalkot]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,602 |- | [[Samana, Patiala|Samana]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|46,592 |- | [[Samastipur]] || [[Bihar]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|61,998 |- | [[Sambalpur]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|226,469 |- | [[Sambhal]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|182,478 |- | [[Sambhar, Rajasthan|Sambhar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,293 |- | [[Samdhan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,327 |- | [[Samthar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|20,217 |- | [[Sanand]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,417 |- | [[Sanawad]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,114 |- | [[Sanchore]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,884 |- | [[Sindagi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C. || style="text-align:right;"|23,234 |- | [[Sandi, Uttar Pradesh|Sandi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|23,234 |- | [[Sandila]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|48,899 |- | [[Sandooru, India|Sandur]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,614 |- | [[Sangamner]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|61,958 |- | [[Sangareddy]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,113 |- | [[Sangaria, Rajasthan|Sangaria]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,537 |- | [[Sangli]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|447,774 |- | [[Sangole]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|28,116 |- | [[Sangrur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|77,989 |- | [[Sankarankoil]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,606 |- | [[Sankari]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,454 |- | [[Sankeshwara]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,511 |- | [[Santipur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|138,235 |- | [[Sarangpur, Madhya Pradesh|Sarangpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,294 |- | [[Sardarshahar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|81,394 |- | [[Sardhana]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|48,314 |- | [[Sarni, Madhya Pradesh|Sarni]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|95,012 |- | [[Sasaram]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|131,172 |- | [[Sasvad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,689 |- | [[Satana, Indie|Satana]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|32,561 |- | [[Satara]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|108,048 |- | [[Satna]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|229,307 |- | [[Sathyamangalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,722 |- | [[Sattenapalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,404 |- | [[Sattur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,443 |- | [[Saunda]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|85,075 |- | [[Soudaththi-Yellamma]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|38,155 |- | [[Sausar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,312 |- | [[Savarkundla]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|73,774 |- | [[Savanur, Haveri|Savanur]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|35,563 |- | [[Savner]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,712 |- | [[Sawai Madhopur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|101,997 |- | [[Sawantwadi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,901 |- | [[Sedam]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|31,539 |- | [[Sehore]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|92,518 |- | [[Sendhwa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|48,941 |- | [[Seohara]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|47,575 |- | [[Seoni]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|89,801 |- | [[Seoni Malwa|Seoni-Malwa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,202 |- | [[Shahabad, Gulbarga|Shahabad]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|66,550 |- | [[Shahabad, Hardoi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|67,751 |- | [[Shahabad, Rampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|32,370 |- | [[Shahada, Maharashtra|Shahade]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|49,696 |- | [[Shahbad]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|37,289 |- | [[Shahdol]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|78,624 |- | [[Shahganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|24,602 |- | [[Shahjahanpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|321,885 |- | [[Shahapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|38,907 |- | [[Shahpura, Jaipur|Shahpura]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,174 |- | [[Shahpura, Bhilwara|Shahpura]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,792 |- | [[Shajapur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|57,818 |- | [[Shamgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,507 |- | [[Shamli]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|90,055 |- | [[Shamsabad, Agra]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|27,338 |- | [[Shamsabad, Farrukhabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,596 |- | [[Shegaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|52,423 |- | [[Sheikhpura]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,113 |- | [[Shendurjana]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,083 |- | [[Shenkottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,838 |- | [[Sheoganj]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|24,789 |- | [[Sheohar]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|21,262 |- | [[Sheopur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|58,342 |- | [[Sherghati]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|32,526 |- | [[Sherkot]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|52,880 |- | [[Shiggaavi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,327 |- | [[Shikaaripura|Shikapur]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|31,516 |- | [[Shikarpur, Bulandshahr]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|33,187 |- | [[Shikohabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|88,161 |- | [[Shillong]]* || [[Meghalaya]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|267,662 |- | [[Shimla]]* || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|144,975 |- | [[Shivamogga]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|274,352 |- | [[Shirdi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,184 |- | [[Shirpur-Warwade]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|61,694 |- | [[Shirur, Maharashtra|Shirur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,999 |- | [[Shishgarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,684 |- | [[Shivpuri]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|146,892 |- | [[Sholavandan]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,638 |- | [[Sholingur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|26,652 |- | [[Shoranur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,029 |- | [[Surapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|43,622 |- | [[Shrigonda]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,324 |- | [[Shrirampur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|88,761 |- | [[Shree Rangapattana]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,729 |- | [[Shujalpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,461 |- | [[Siana]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|38,999 |- | [[Sibsagar]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|53,854 |- | [[Siddipet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|61,809 |- | [[Sidhi]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,700 |- | [[Sidhpur]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|58,194 |- | [[Sidhalaghatta]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|41,098 |- | [[Sihor]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|46,960 |- | [[Sihora]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,870 |- | [[Sikanderpur, Uttar Pradesh|Sikanderpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,783 |- | [[Sikandra Rao]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|37,938 |- | [[Sikandrabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|69,867 |- | [[Sikar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|185,925 |- | [[Silao]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,177 |- | [[Silapathar]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|22,516 |- | [[Silchar]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|184,105 |- | [[Siliguri]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|1,572,000 |- | [[Sillod]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|43,867 |- | [[Silvassa]]* || [[Dadra an Nagar Haveli]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,893 |- | [[Simdega]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|33,981 |- | [[Sindhagi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,732 |- | [[Sindhanooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|61,262 |- | [[Singapur, Adilabad|Singapur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,468 |- | [[Singrauli]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|185,190 |- | [[Sinnar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,630 |- | [[Sheraa, Karnataka|Sira]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|50,088 |- | [[Sircilla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|65,314 |- | [[Sirhind-Fategarh|Sirhind Fatehgarh Sahib]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|49,825 |- | [[Sirkali]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,228 |- | [[Sirohi]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,544 |- | [[Sironj]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,179 |- | [[Sirsa, Haryana|Sirsa]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|160,735 |- | [[Sirsaganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|28,212 |- | [[Sherasi, Karnataka|Sirsi]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|65,335 |- | [[Sirsi, Uttar Pradesh|Sirsi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,373 |- | [[Sheraguppa]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|42,919 |- | [[Sitamarhi]] || [[Bihar]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|87,279 |- | [[Sitapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|151,908 |- | [[Sitarganj]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|22,027 |- | [[Sivaganga]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|40,220 |- | [[Sivagiri, Tirunelveli|Sivagiri]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,380 |- | [[Sivakasi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|121,358 |- | [[Siwan, Bihar|Siwan]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|109,919 |- | [[Sohagpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,339 |- | [[Sohna]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,570 |- | [[Sojat]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,883 |- | [[Solan, Himachal Pradesh|Solan]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,206 |- | [[Solapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|872,478 |- | [[Sonamukhi]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,354 |- | [[Sonepur, Bihar|Sonepur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|33,490 |- | [[Songadh]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,431 |- | [[Sonipat]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|225,074 |- | [[Sopore]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|59,624 |- | [[Soro, Baleshwar|Soro]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,794 |- | [[Soron]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|26,678 |- | [[Soyagaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,819 |- | [[Sri Madhopur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,492 |- | [[Srikakulam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|117,320 |- | [[Srikalahasti]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|70,854 |- | [[Srinagar]]* || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|988,210 |- | [[Shreenivaasapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,959 |- | [[Srisailam Project (RFC) Tounship|Srisailam Project (Richt Flank Colony) Tounship]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,273 |- | [[Srirampore]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|19500 |- | [[Srivilliputhur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|73,183 |- | [[Suar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|26,149 |- | [[Sugauli]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|31,432 |- | [[Sujangarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|83,846 |- | [[Sujanpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,815 |- | [[Sultanganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|41,958 |- | [[Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh|Sultanpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|100,065 |- | [[Sumerpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,482 |- | [[Sumerpur, Uttar Pradesh|Sumerpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,661 |- | [[Sunabeda]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|58,884 |- | [[Sunam]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|56,251 |- | [[Sundargarh]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,421 |- | [[Sundarnagar]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,986 |- | [[Supaul]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,085 |- | [[Surandai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|28,146 |- | [[Surat]] || [[Gujarat]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|2,876,374 |- | [[Suratgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|58,119 |- | [[Suri, Birbhum|Suri]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|61,806 |- | [[Suriyampalayam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,923 |- | [[Suryapet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|94,585 |} ==T== [[Image:Thiruvananthapuram Appartments.jpg|thumb|right|Apairtments comin up in the ootskirts o [[Trivandrum]]]] [[Image:TrichyCity, KaveriRiver and Srirangam.jpg|thumb|right|View o Kaveri River an Srirangam Temple frae Rock Fort Temple in [[Trichy]] ceety]] [[Image:JJP 112.jpg|thumb|right|Skyline o [[Thrissur]]]] [[Image:TirumalTemple.jpg|thumb|right|View o the warld famous Tirumala temple in Tirupati]] [[Image:Tumkur Countryside.jpg|thumb|right|Kintraside view o [[Tumkur]]]] [[Image:Rajarajan Manimandapam.jpg|thumb|right|Rajarajan Manimandapam durin nicht in [[Thanjavur]] ceety]] [[Image:View over Arunchaleshvara Temple from the Red Mountain - Tiruvannamalai - India 01.JPG|thumb|right|View o the majestic Arunchaleshvara Temple from the Red Mountain in [[Tiruvannamalai]] ceety]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Tadepalligudem]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|102,622 |- | [[Tadpatri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|86,843 |- | [[Taki (Indie)|Taki]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,305 |- | [[Talaja]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,104 |- | [[Talcher]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,998 |- | [[Talegaon Dabhade]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|42,578 |- | [[Thaalikote]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|26,205 |- | [[Taliparamba]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|67,507 |- | [[Talode]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,036 |- | [[Talwara]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,574 |- | [[Tamluk]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,830 |- | [[Tanda, Ambedkar Nagar|Tanda]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|83,467 |- | [[Tanda, Rampur|Tanda]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|40,013 |- | [[Tandur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,941 |- | [[Tanuku]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|72,970 |- | [[Tarakeswar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,187 |- | [[Tarana]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,453 |- | [[Taranagar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,066 |- | [[Taraori]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|22,201 |- | [[Tarbha]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C. || style="text-align:right;"|10,117 |- | [[Tarikere, Chikmagalur|Tarikere]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|34,066 |- | [[Tarn Taran Sahib|Tarn Taran]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|55,787 |- | [[Tasgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|33,457 |- | [[Tehri]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|25,423 |- | [[Tekkalakote]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,583 |- | [[Tenali]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|153,756 |- | [[Tenkasi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,432 |- | [[Tenu Dam-cum-Kathhara]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,441 |- | [[Thergallu]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,616 |- | [[Tetri Bazar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|21,931 |- | [[Tezpur]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|105,377 |- | [[Thakurdwara]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|35,371 |- | [[Thammampatti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,751 |- | [[Thana Bhawan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|31,161 |- | [[Thane]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,818,872 |- | [[Thanesar]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|122,319 |- | [[Thangadh]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,880 |- | [[Thanjavur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|215,314 |- | [[Tharad]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,815 |- | [[Tharamangalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,144 |- | [[Tharangambadi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,843 |- | [[Theni Allinagaram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,498 |- | [[Tirumangalam, Madurai|Thirumangalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,631 |- | [[Thirunindravur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|29,332 |- | [[Thiruparappu]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,736 |- | [[Thirupuvanam, Sivaganga|Thirupuvanam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,589 |- | [[Thiruthuraipoondi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,905 |- | [[Thiruvalla]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,837 |- | [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,732 |- | [[Thiruvananthapuram]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,189,635 |- | [[Thiruvarur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,341 |- | [[Thodupuzha]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|46,246 |- | [[Thoothukudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|410,760<ref>http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf</ref> |- | [[Thoubal]] || [[Manipur]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|41,174 |- | [[Thrissur]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|330,122 |- | [[Thuraiyur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,005 |- | [[Tikamgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|68,426 |- | [[Tikota]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|28,426 |- | [[Tilda Newra]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|26,909 |- | [[Tilhar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|52,911 |- | [[Talikota]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|52,911 |- | [[Tindivanam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|67,737 |- | [[Tinsukia]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|108,123 |- | [[Thipatooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|53,104 |- | [[Tirora]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,529 |- | [[Tiruchendur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|87,101 |- | [[Tiruchengode]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|80,187 |- | [[Tiruchirappalli]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|266,354 |- | [[Tirukalukundram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,715 |- | [[Tirukkoyilur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,197 |- | [[Tirunelveli]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|433,352 |- | [[Tirupathur, Sivaganga|Tirupathur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,559 |- | [[Tirupathur, Vellore|Tirupathur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,876 |- | [[Tirupati]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|303,521 |- | [[Tiruppur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M.Corp|| style="text-align:right;"|550,826 |- | [[Tirur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,654 |- | [[Tiruttani]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|38,314 |- | [[Tiruvannamalai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|280,569 |- | [[Tiruvethipuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,201 |- | [[Tiruvuru]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,201 |- | [[Tirwaganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,231 |- | [[Titlagarh]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|30,273 |- | [[Tittakudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,735 |- | [[Todabhim]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,845 |- | [[Todaraisingh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,217 |- | [[Tohana]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|51,519 |- | [[Tonk, Rajasthan|Tonk]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|135,689 |- | [[Tuensang]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,772 |- | [[Tuljapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,706 |- | [[Tulsipur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,243 |- | [[Thumakooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|248,929 |- | [[Tumsar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|42,021 |- | [[Tundla]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|54,576 |- | [[Tuni]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,368 |- | [[Tura, Meghalaya|Tura]] || [[Meghalaya]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|58,978 |} ==U== [[Image:Udaipur-City Palace.jpg|thumb|right|View o Ceety Palace in [[Udaipur]]]] [[Image:Malpe.jpg|thumb|right|Malpe Beach in [[Udupi]]]] [[Image:NMR up train at Kateri Road 05-02-28 04.jpeg|thumb|right|NMR train climbs in [[Udhagamandalam]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Uchgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,548 |- | [[Udaipur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|389,438 |- | [[Udaipur, Tripura|Udaipur]] || [[Tripura]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,758 |- | [[Udaipurwati]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,843 |- | [[Udgir]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|91,933 |- | [[Udhagamandalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|93,987 |- | [[Udhampur]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|86,299 |- | [[Udumalaipettai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|59,668 |- | [[Udupi]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|127,124 |- | [[Ugar]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|39,287 |- | [[Ujhani]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|51,051 |- | [[Ujjain]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1986597 (2011) |- | [[Umarga]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|30,178 |- | [[Umaria]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,842 |- | [[Umarkhed]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,059 |- | [[Umarkote]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|24,859 |- | [[Umbergaon]] || [[Gujarat]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,684 |- | [[Umred]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|49,577 |- | [[Umreth]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,191 |- | [[Una, Gujarat|Una]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,261 |- | [[Unjha]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,876 |- | [[Unnamalaikadai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,666 |- | [[Unnao]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || Sub-Metropolis || style="text-align:right;"|644,662 |- | [[Upleta]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|55,438 |- | [[Uran]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,251 |- | [[Uran Islampur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|58,330 |- | [[Uravakonda]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|31,856 |- | [[Urmar Tanda]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,048 |- | [[Usilampatti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|30,601 |- | [[Uthamapalayam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,104 |- | [[Uthiramerur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,656 |- | [[Utraula]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|27,502 |} ==V== [[Image:Baroda KM.jpg|thumb|right|Mahanagar Seva Sadan Building in [[Vadodara]]]] [[Image:Vizag aerial view.jpg|thumb|right|Aerial view o [[Visakhapatnam]] ceety]] [[Image:Ahilya Ghat by the Ganges, Varanasi.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Varanasi]] frae Ganges]] [[Image:Vijayawada from Gandhi Hill.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Vijayawada]] ceety]] [[Image:Vellorefort.jpg|thumb|right|view o [[vellore fort]] in vellore city]] [[Image:Technology Tower(VIT).jpg|thumb|right|Technology Tower Building o VIT University in [[Vellore]] Ceety]] [[Image:Sripuram Temple Full View.jpg|thumb|right|Srimahalakshmi Gowden Temple in vellore ceety]] [[File:View of Vizianagaram town Andhra Pradesh.jpg|thumb|View o [[Vizianagaram]] toun]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Vatakara|Vadakara]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|124,083 |- | [[Vadakkuvalliyur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,023 |- | [[Vadalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|26,016 |- | [[Vadgaon Kasba]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,758 |- | [[Vadipatti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,833 |- | [[Vadnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,033 |- | [[Vadodara]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,491,045 |- | [[Vaijapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|37,064 |- | [[Vaikom]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,641 |- | [[Valparai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|95,107 |- | [[Valsad]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|145,592 |- | [[Vandavasi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,610 |- | [[Vaniyambadi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|103,950 |- | [[Vapi]] || [[Gujarat]] || I.N.A || style="text-align:right;"|23,844 |- | [[Vapi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|71,406 |- | [[Varanasi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,203,961 |- | [[Varkala]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,728 |- | [[Vasai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|174,396 |- | [[Vedaranyam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|31,627 |- | [[Vellakoil]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|34,438 |- | [[Vellore]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M.corp || style="text-align:right;"|756,045 |- | [[Venkatagiri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|31,341 |- | [[Veraval]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|158,032 |- | [[Vicarabad]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|42,410 |- | [[Vidisha]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|125,453 |- | [[Vijainagar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,695 |- | [[Vijapur]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|30,961 |- | [[Vijaypur, Uttarakhand|Vijaypur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,540 |- | [[Vijayapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,540 |- | [[Vijayawada]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,039,518 |- | [[Vikramasingapuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|48,309 |- | [[Viluppuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|95,455 |- | [[Vinukonda]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|52,519 |- | [[Viramgam]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,094 |- | [[Virar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|118,928 |- | [[Virudhachalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,164 |- | [[Virudhunagar]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|72,081 |- | [[Visakhapatnam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,345,938 |- | [[Visnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|73,488 |- | [[Viswanatham]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,154 |- | [[Vita, Maharashtra|Vita]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|41,804 |- | [[Vizianagaram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|195,801 |- | [[Vrindavan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|56,692 |- | [[Vyara]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,226 |} ==W== [[Image:Warangal fort.jpg|thumb|right| A pillar in [[Warangal]] Fort]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Wadgaon Road]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|30,756 |- | [[Wadhwan]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|219,585 |- | [[Waadi, Karnataka|Wadi]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|34,714 |- | [[Wai, Maharashtra|Wai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,110 |- | [[Wanaparthy]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|50,114 |- | [[Wani, Maharashtra|Wani]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|52,834 |- | [[Wankaner]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,191 |- | [[Wara Seoni]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|24,757 |- | [[Warangal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,087,000 |- | [[Wardha]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|111,118 |- | [[Warhapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,866 |- | [[Warisaliganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|31,347 |- | [[Warora]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|41,971 |- | [[Warud]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|41,005 |- | [[Washim]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|62,956 |- | [[Wokha]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|37,636 |} ==Y== <!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Svngmc.jpg|thumb|right|Administrative building of SVNGMC [[Yavatmal]]]] --> {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Yaadhagiri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|58,811 |- | [[Yamunanagar]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|306,740 |- | [[Yanam, Puducherry|Yanam]] || [[Puducherry]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,394 |- | [[Yavatmal]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|139,835 |- | [[Yawal]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,803 |- | [[Yellandu]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|42,421 |- | [[Yemmiganur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,411 |- | [[Yerraguntla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,838 |- | [[Yevla]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,838 |} ==Z== [[Image:Zaidpur gate 2007.jpg|thumb|right|Noor Muhammad Inter College in [[Zaidpur]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Zaid]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|30,639 |- | [[Zamania]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|29,391 |- | [[Zira, Firozepur|Zira]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|31,783 |- | [[Zirakpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,022 |- | [[Zunheboto]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,081 |} ==See an aw== * [[Clessification o Indie ceeties]] * [[Leet o million-plus agglomerations in Indie]] * [[Leet o maist populous ceeties in Indiea]] * [[Leet o maist populous metropolitan auries in Indie]] * [[Leet o ceety elk-names in Indie]] ==References== <references/> ==Freemit airtins== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071001005557/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/s/p_in.htm Map] *[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ Indian Census] *[http://indiavoice.info/maps-of-india/city-maps/ Ceety Maps o Indie] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131151431/http://indiavoice.info/maps-of-india/city-maps/ |date=2010-01-31 }} *[http://www.onefivenine.com Indie veelages an maps] {{Asie topic|Leet o ceeties in}} {{Geografie o Indie}} {{DEFAULTSORT:List O Ceeties In Indie}} [[Category:Leets o ceeties in Indie| ]] [[Category:Leets o ceeties bi kintra|Indie]] 26b8bqq7n934fmx81np1xfpltd82u4h 0 59371 918421 899147 2026-06-20T03:46:51Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Fixscots}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Port Orchard, Washington |settlement_type = [[Ceety]] |nickname = |motto = <!-- Images --> |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = <!-- Maps --> |image_map = Kitsap_County_Washington_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Port_Orchard_Highlighted.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o Port Orchard, Washington |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = <!-- Location --> |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = [[Unitit States]] |subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Washington (state)|Washington]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Leet o coonties in Washington|Coonty]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Kitsap Coonty|Kitsap]] <!-- Government --> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = |established_date = <!-- Area --> |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = <ref name ="Gazetteer files"/> |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 22.07 |area_land_km2 = 18.75 |area_water_km2 = 3.32 |area_total_sq_mi = 8.52 |area_land_sq_mi = 7.24 |area_water_sq_mi = 1.28 <!-- Population --> |population_as_of = [[2010 Unitit States Census|2010]] |population_est = 11680 |pop_est_as_of = 2012<ref name="2012 Pop Estimate">{{cite web|title=Population Estimates|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2013-06-01}}</ref> |population_footnotes = <ref name ="FactFinder"/> |population_total = 11144 |population_density_km2 = 594.3 |population_density_sq_mi = 1539.2 <!-- General information --> |timezone = [[Paceefic Time Zone|Paceefic (PST)]] |utc_offset = -8 |timezone_DST = PDT |utc_offset_DST = -7 |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 22 |elevation_ft = 72 |coordinates = {{coord|47|31|54|N|122|38|18|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s |postal_code = 98366-98367 |area_code = [[Aurie code 360|360]] |blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |blank_info = 53-55785 |blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |blank1_info = 1512580{{GR|3}} |website = [http://www.cityofportorchard.us/ www.cityofportorchard.us] |footnotes = }} [[Image:OlympicMountainsWashington.jpg|The [[Olympic Mountains]], visible leukin wast frae Port Orchard.|thumb]] '''Port Orchard''' is a ceety in an the [[coonty seat]] o [[Kitsap Coonty]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], [[United States]].{{GR|6}} It is locatit 13 mile due wast o [[West Seattle]] an connectit tae [[Seattle]] an [[Vashon , Washington|Vashon Island]] via the [[Washington State Ferries]] run tae [[Southworth, Washington|Southworth]]. It is namit efter [[Port Orchard]], the strait that separates [[Bainbridge Island]] frae the [[Kitsap Peninsula]]. The population wis 11,144 at the [[2010 Unitit States Census|2010 census]]. The Washington State Office of Financial Management's 2012 estimate placit the population at 11,780. == History == The Port Orchard aurie wis first settled in 1854 bi Wiliam Renton an Daniel Howard, who set up a saw mill thare.<ref name=majors>{{Cite book| last = Majors | first = Harry M. | title = Exploring Washington | publisher = Van Winkle Publishing Co | year = 1975 | page = 82 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=CoWrPQAACAAJ| isbn = 978-0-918664-00-6}}</ref> The toun that wis tae become Port Orchard was oreeginally plattit in 1886 bi Frederick Stevens, who namit the new location efter his faither, Sidney. The toun o [[Sidney, Washington|Sidney]] was incorporatit September 15, 1890, an wis the first in [[Kitsap Coonty]] tae be baith plattit an incorporatit. Shortly thareefter, the [[U.S. Navy]] socht a suitable location for anither installation on the wast coast, an foond it wi the assistance o Sidney's residents in Orchard Bay (this installation wad later become the [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]]). The coonty seat wis oreeginally in [[Port Madison]], but muivit efter a popular vote tae Sidney in 1892. In Dizember o that same year, the residents o Sidney petitioned baith the state legislatur an the [[Post Office Department]] tae rename the ceety tae "Port Orchard." The legislatur refused, as Charleston (nou West [[Bremerton]]) haed requestit that name an aw. The Post Office Department, housomeivver, went throu wi the name chynge, an as a result the Port Orchard post office endit up in Sidney, an the Charleston post office endit up in Port Orchard. It wisna till 1903 that local politeecian Will Thompson convincit the state legislatur tae correct this confusin situation, an relocatit the Charleston post office tae Charleston, at the same time renamin Sidney tae "Port Orchard," as it is kent the day. ==Geografie== Port Orchard is locatit at {{coord|47|31|54|N|122|38|18|W|type:city}} (47.531563, -122.638405).{{GR|1}} Accordin tae the [[United States Census Bureau]], the ceety haes a total aurie o {{convert|8.52|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, o which, {{convert|7.24|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is laund an {{convert|1.28|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is watter.<ref name ="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-12-19}}</ref> ==Demographics== {{USCensusPop |1900= 254 |1910= 682 |1920= 1393 |1930= 1145 |1940= 1566 |1950= 2320 |1960= 2778 |1970= 3904 |1980= 4787 |1990= 4984 |2000= 7693 |2010= 11144 |estimate= 11333 |estyear= 2011 |footnote=<center>U.S. Decennial Census<ref>[http://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/decennial/ U.S. Decennial Census]</ref><br>Historical Population 1890-2000<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ofm.wa.gov/pop/decseries/historicalpop.xls |title=Historical Decennial Population 1890-2000 |access-date=2012-12-03 |archive-date=2012-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322111101/http://www.ofm.wa.gov/pop/decseries/historicalpop.xls |url-status=dead }}</ref><br>2011 estimate<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2011/tables/SUB-EST2011-03-53.csv|title=Table 3. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Washington: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2011 (SUB-EST2011-03-53)|format=[[comma-separated values|CSV]]|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date=2012-12-30|accessdate=2012-12-30}}</ref> }} As o 2000 the median income for a hoosehauld in the ceety wis $34,020, an the median income for a faimily wis $41,946. Males haed a median income of $33,610 versus $25,739 for females. The [[per caipita income]] for the ceety wis $16,382. Aboot 10.9% o faimilies an 12.9% o the population wur belaw the [[poverty line]], includin 17.2% o those unner age 18 an 9.1% o those age 65 or ower. ===2010 census=== As o the [[census]]<ref name ="FactFinder">{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-12-19}}</ref> o 2010, thare wur 11,144 fowk, 4,278 hoosehaulds, an 2,726 faimilies residing in the city. The [[population densitie]] wis {{convert|1539.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. Thare wur 4,630 hoosin units at a average densitie o {{convert|639.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makup o the ceety wis 80.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 3.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.3% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 5.8% [[Asie (U.S. Census)|Asie]], 1.4% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Paceefic Islander]], 1.0% frae [[Race (U.S. Census)|ither races]], an 6.4% frae twa or mair races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] o ony race wur 6.6% o the population. Thare wur 4,278 hoosehaulds o which 33.0% haed childer unner the age o 18 livin wi thaim, 45.7% wur [[Marriage|marriet couples]] livin thegither, 13.3% haed a female hoosehaulder wi nae husband present, 4.6% haed a male hoosehaulder wi nae wife present, an 36.3% wur nan-faimilies. 27.7% o aw hoosehaulds wur made up o indwallers an 9.5% haed someane livin alane who wis 65 years o age or aulder. The average hoosehauld size wis 2.43 an the average faimily size wis 2.96. The median age in the ceety wis 34.5 years. 23.5% o residents wur unner the age o 18; 10.4% wur atween the ages o 18 an 24; 29.1% wur frae 25 tae 44; 23.4% wur frae 45 tae 64; an 13.5% wur 65 years o age or aulder. The gender makup o the ceety wis 50.3% male an 49.7% female. ==Notable fowk== <!-- consensus reached to standardize this heading per WP:WikiProject Cities/US Guideline --> <!-- NOTICE * * * NOTICE * * * NOTICE * * * * * * * * * * * *NOTICE * * * NOTICE * * * NOTICE• Only people who already have a Wikipedia article may appear here. This establishes notability. • The article must mention how they are associated with the community, whether born, raised, or residing. • The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited. • Alphabetical by last name please • All others will be deleted without further explanation END OF NOTICE * * * * * * * * * * * * END OF NOTICE * * * * * * * * * * * *END OF NOTICE --> * [[Jason Wade]], [[Lifehouse (baund)|Lifehouse]] Lead Sangster; resident o Port Orchard. * [[Debbie Macomber]], Author; resident o Port Orchard ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commons category|Port Orchard, Washington}} * [http://www.cityofportorchard.us/ City of Port Orchard] offeecial wabsteid * [http://portorchard.com/ The Port Orchard Chamber of Commerce] * [http://visitkitsap.com/cities.asp?ID=12/ Kitsap Peninsula Visitor & Convention Bureau - Port Orchard Page]{{Dead link|date=October 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=9550 History of Port Orchard] at [[HistoryLink]] {{Kitsap Coonty, Washington}} {{Washington}} [[Category:Ceeties in Kitsap Coonty, Washington]] [[Category:Coonty seats in Washington (state)]] [[Category:Ceeties in Washington (state)]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1886]] l60mqm1wcqbf18w91kc6w9836lyfmdm 0 59606 918459 885895 2026-06-20T07:38:03Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918459 wikitext text/x-wiki {{dablink|For the caipital o Indie state o Meghalaya, see [[Shillong]]}} [[File:石龙南桥 - panoramio.jpg|alt=Sooth brig o the Kowloon-Canton Railway in Shilong, Dongguan|thumb|Sooth brig o the Kowloon-Canton Railway in Shilong, Dongguan]] '''Shilong''' (Cheenese: 石龙 (simplifee'd) 石龍 (tradeetional); Hanyu Pinyin: Shī Lōng) is a historical an ecological toun in [[Dongguan]] [[prefectur-level ceety]], [[Guangdong]] province, [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]. Shilong is locatit at the lawer reaches o the bonnie [[Dongjiang River]] at the convergence o the northren stem an soothren branch o the [[Dongjiang River]] formin ane river wi three wharfs. The toun covers a total laund aurie o 13.83 square kilometres, wi the registered permanent residents o up to 67,900, an the population frae ither places totalin 77,500. == Location == Shilong is locatit athin the north pairt o [[Dongguan]] prefectur-level ceety. It is situatit at the central point o the [[Pearl River Delta]], in conjunction wi [[Zengcheng]] an [[Boluo Coonty]], 69&nbsp;km tae [[Guangzhou]] ceety an 78&nbsp;km tae [[Shenzhen]] ceety. The toun lees on the beach o the [[Dongjiang River]] an the [[Guangshen railwey]] （Chinese: 广深铁路）passes bi. == Transport == Its convenience in railwey an watter transportation makes Shilong a regional industrial an commercial centre. Thare are 20 buses for ivery 10 thoosan fowk in the toun, an thare are 27 bus lines open tae traffec tae peripheral ceeties, an thare are 83 pairs o electrifee'd express intercity passenger buses atween [[Guangzhou]] an [[Shenzhen]] each day, so the residents share comparatively a lairge space for activities an the intercity effect haes been utilisit tae the greatest extent. == Economy == In 2004, Shilong's GDP amoontit tae 3.66 billion RMB [http://www.zgjjzk.cn/more.asp?TN_NID=2005-11-21-1009]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929163022/http://www.zgjjzk.cn/more.asp?TN_NID=2005-11-21-1009 |date=2007-09-29 }} an the scale export income boostit tae $1.14 billion. Shilong is vera strang in the IT industrie. For instance, 2.4 million [[cameras]], 3 million [[computers]] an 750 thoosan [[photocopiers]] an 1.8 million digital [[laser printer]]s wur manufactured in Shilong bi 2004 an maist o thaim wur exportit. == Ecologie == In 2008, Shilong wis chosen bi the State as a “famous historical an cultural toun in Cheenae”. Thare are 27 remainin auncient trees, includin 1 tree at the age o mair nor 300 years an 16 trees at the ages o mair nor 100 years. The govrenment o the toun establishes electronic airchives for auncient an famous trees bi biggin their name cairds so that it can manage those auncient trees scientifically an effectively; an thare are 28 places o historical an cultural interests, includin 5 places as the key cultural relic protective units at the municipal level. == Cultur == In order tae protect intangible cultural heritage, the govrenment o the toun haes set up the development fund for [[Cantonese Opera]]. Nou, thare are 5 fowk ballad sangsters associations, who hauld free performances in [[Yat-sen Park]] in turn ivery Seturday fore-nicht. Furthermore, different kynds o museums an exhibition centres hae been built as cultural an educational bases. In 2005, it wis leetit as the [[Draigon boat|Dragon Boat]] Champion Center in Cheenae bi the [[State General Admeenistration o Sports]]. Each year, thare are mair nor 90 cultural an airtistic fore-nicht pairties o aw kynds an mair nor 30 airt shows. == History == Durin the [[Song dynasty]] (800 years ago), its first inhabitants settled doun in Shilong toun. Due tae the convenient watterwey o Dongjian river, Shilong haed become a major hub for fuid supplee an firths in the soothren Cheenae syne the late [[Ming Dynasty]] tae the early [[Qing Dynasty]]. Efter the openin o the Kowloon-Canton railwey ([[Kowloon-Canton Railway|KCR]]) at 1910, which passed throu Shilong, its status as a traffec an commercial centre haed been strenthened an its economic boomit. Shilong made its name in history as ane o the 'Fower Big Toun in Canton' (Cheenese: 广东四大历史名镇). Thanks tae its famous [[Pouerliftin|wichtliftin]] warld record breaker - [[Chen Jin-Kai]] (Cheenese: 陈镜开), Shilong haes wan its reputation as the 'Hame Toun o Wicht Liftin' (Cheenese: 举重之乡) an aw. ==See an aw== * [[Shilong Railwey Station]] * [http://www.e-town.cn/publicfiles//business/htmlfiles/ywsl/index.html Shilong Offeecial Wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322222228/http://www.e-town.cn/publicfiles//business/htmlfiles/ywsl/index.html |date=2012-03-22 }} {{coord|23|06|N|113|049|E|source:nlwiki_region:CN_scale:50000|display=title}} [[Category:Dongguan]] ln3of9cqkpjoe7l4k7i1hhoeinppzju 0 60373 918446 885683 2026-06-20T06:09:49Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918446 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | settlement_type = Toun | official_name = San Sebastián de Buenavista |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Magdalena - San Sebastián de Buenavista.svg |mapsize = 200px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o San Sebastián de Buenavista in the Depairtment o Magdalena. |subdivision_type = [[Kintra]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Natural Regions o Colombie|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name = [[Colombie]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Caribbean Region o Colombie|Caribbean]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Magdalena, Colombie|Magdalena]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = |established_title = Foondation |established_date = 1748 |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2005 |population_note = <ref>[http://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2005/regiones/magdalena/san_sebastian_de_buenavista.pdf {{es icon}} DANE 2005 Census: San Sebastián de Buenavista]</ref> |population_total = 16924 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = <br>[http://sansebastiandebuenavista-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml www.sansebastiandebuenavista-magdalena.gov.co] |footnotes = }} '''San Sebastián de Buenavista''' is a toun an municipality o the [[Colombie]] [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] o [[Magdalena, Colombie|Magdalena]]. Foondit in 1748 bi [[Fernando de Mier y Guerra]] wi the name San Sebastián de Melchiquejo, but wis later chyngit on 15 November 1957 when it wis erectit municipality. ==Politics== ===Admeenistrative diveesions=== Corregimientos: *Troncosito *Troncoso *Buenavista *El Coco *Las Margaritas *La Pacha *Los Galvis *San Valentín *Sabanas de Peralejo *Maria Antonia *Venero *El Seis *San Rafael *Santa Rosa *Dividivi ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://sansebastiandebuenavista-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml San Sebastián de Buenavista offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930065727/http://sansebastiandebuenavista-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2007-09-30 }} {{Municipalities magdalena depairtment}} {{DEFAULTSORT:San Sebastian de Buenavista}} [[Category:Municipalities o Magdalena, Colombie]] [[Category:Populatit places in Magdalena, Colombie]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1748]] ow5bnnpcxt14k6qb8a3bpi98xwx2xd3 0 60438 918489 894135 2026-06-20T10:29:04Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox muisical airtist | name = Tom Jones | image = Tom Jones concert.jpg | caption = Jones singin at [[House of Blues]],<br> [[Anaheim]], [[Californie]], 10&nbsp;Mairch&nbsp;2009 | Img_sz = big | background = solo_singer | birth_name = Thomas John Woodward | alias = Tom Jones | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1940|6|7|df=yes}} | birth_place =[[Treforest]], [[Pontypridd]], [[Glamorgan]], Wales | nationality =[[Welsh fowk|Welsh]] | death_date = | death_place = | genre = [[Pop muisic|Pop]], [[Blues]], [[Blue-eyed soul]] | occupation = Sangster | years_active = 1963–present | label = [[Columbia Graphophone Company|Columbia]], [[Decca Records|Decca]], [[Epic Records|Epic]], [[Jive Records|Jive]], [[Island Records|Island]], [[V2 Records|V2]], [[S-Curve Records|S-Curve]] | website = {{URL|www.tomjones.com}} }} '''Sir Thomas John Woodward''', [[Officer o the Order o the Breetish Empire|OBE]] (born 7 Juin 1940), kent bi his stage name '''Tom Jones''', is a [[Welsh fowk|Welsh]] sangster. He became ane o the maist popular vocalists tae emerge frae the mid-1960s. Syne then he haes sung nearly ivery form o popular muisic – pop, rock, R&B, show tunes, kintra, dance, soul an gospel – an sauld ower 100&nbsp;million records. Jones haes haed thirty-sax [[Top 40]] hits in the Unitit Kinrick an nineteen in the Unitit States; some o his notable sangs include "[[It's Not Unusual]]", "[[What's New Pussycat? (sang)|What's New Pussycat]]", "[[Delilah (Tom Jones sang)|Delilah]]", "[[Green, Green Grass of Home]]", "[[She's a Lady]]", "[[:en:Kiss (Prince song)#Art of Noise feat. Tom Jones version|Kiss]]" an "[[Sex Bomb (sang)|Sex Bomb]]".<ref>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=wBeEDJhw110C&pg=PA28&dq=tom+jones+grammy+award+s.net&hl=en&sa=X&ei=DIWBT7Vf6NTRBdjWgIEH&ved=0CEIQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=tom%20jones%20grammy%20award%20s.net&f=false Howie Richmond Hitmaker Award: Tom Jones]. p.28. Billboard (20 June 2009). Retrieved 8 April 2012</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121029121842/http://www.chartstats.com/artistinfo.php?id=1766 UK Chart Stats: Tom Jones]. Chartstats.com. Retrieved 8 April 2012</ref> Haein been awairdit an [[Order o the Breetish Empire|OBE]] in 1999, Jones receivit a [[:en:Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom|knichtheid]] frae Queen [[Elizabeth II]] for "services tae muisic" in 2006. Jones haes receivit numerous ither awairds throuoot his career, includin the [[Grammy Award]] for [[Best New Artist]] in 1966, an [[MTV Video Music Award]] in 1989 an twa [[Brit Awards]] – winnin Best Breetish Male, in 2000, an Outstanding Contreibution tae Music, in 2003. ==Early life== Tom Jones wis born Thomas John Woodward, at 57 Kingsland Terrace, [[Treforest]], [[Pontypridd]] in [[Glamorgan]], [[Sooth Wales]].<ref>entry of birth, sub-district of Pontypridd in the County of Glamorgan</ref><ref>Robin Eggar, ''Tom Jones – The Biography'', p. 14.</ref><ref>See entry of birth, sub-district of Pontypridd in the County of Glamorgan where Jones' birth certificate clearly states 57 Kingsland Terrace as the place of birth</ref> His parents wur Thomas Woodward (dee'd 5 October 1981), a coal miner, an Freda Jones (dee'd 7 Februar 2003).<ref>Lucy Ellis & Bryony Sutherland, ''Tom Jones Close Up'', p. 3.</ref> His paternal grandfaither, James Woodward, wis an airnmonger's haulier frae [[Gloucestershire]], an his paternal grandmither wis frae [[Wiltshire]]. His maternal grandfaither wis Welsh, an his maternal grandmither, Ada Jones, wis born in Pontypridd, tae parents frae [[Somerset]] an Wiltshire.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/5490511/Sir-Tom-Jones-is-English.html |title=Sir Tom Jones 'is English' |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=10 June 2009|publisher=[[Telegraph Media Group|TMG]] |location=London |issn=0307-1235 |oclc=49632006 |accessdate=4 May 2013}}</ref> Jones began singin at an early age: he wad regularly sin at faimily gatherins, weddins an in his schuil choir. Jones did no lik schuil or sports but gained confidence throu his singin talent.<ref name="DIDiscs TJ">{{cite episode |title=Desert Island Discs with Tom Jones |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00tx499 |series=Desert Island Discs | serieslink=Desert Island Discs |network=[[BBC]] |station=[[BBC Radio 4|Radio 4]] |airdate=2010-09-26}}</ref> At 12 he wis diagnosed wi [[tuberculosis]]. Mony years later he said; "I spent twa years in bed recovering. It wis the wirst time o ma life." Durin convalescence he coud dae little else but listen tae muisic an draw.<ref>Lucy Ellis & Bryony Sutherland, ''Tom Jones Close Up'', p. 9-10.</ref> Jones' bluesy singin style developit oot o the soond o American [[soul muisic]]. His early influences includit [[blues muisic|blues]] an [[R&B]] sangsters [[Little Richard]], [[Solomon Burke]], [[Jackie Wilson]] an [[Brook Benton]], as well as [[Elvis Presley]], whom Jones idolised an wi whom he wad later acome guid friends.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.answers.com/topic/tom-jones-2 |title=Tom Jones: Information from |publisher=Answers.com |accessdate=14 July 2011}}</ref> In Mairch 1957 Jones marriet his heich schuil girlfriend, Melinda Trenchard when thay wur expecting a bairn thegither, baith agit 16. The couple's son, Mark, wis born in the month follaein thair weddin. Tae support his young faimily Jones teuk a job wirkin in a glove factory an wis later employed in construction.<ref name="Tom Jones NNDB">[http://www.nndb.com/people/347/000025272/ "Tom Jones NNDB"]</ref> ==Career== ===Rise tae fame=== Jones, whose vyce haes been describit as a "full-throatit, robust [[baritone]]",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/tom-jones-mn0000609396|title=Tom Jones|publisher=AllMusic|first=Stephen Thomas|last=Erlewine|accessdate=3 July 2012}}</ref> became the frontman for Tommy Scott an the Senators, a Welsh [[beat group]], in 1963. Thay suin gained a local follaein an reputation in [[Sooth Wales]]. In 1964 the group recordit several solo tracks wi producer [[Joe Meek]], who teuk thaim tae various [[Record label|labels]], but thay haed little success. Later that year [[Decca Records|Decca]] producer Peter Sullivan saw Tommy Scott an the Senators performin in a club an directit them tae manager [[:en:Phil Solomon (music executive)|Phil Solomon]], but the pairtnership wis short-livit. The group continued tae play gigs at dance haws an [[wirkin men's club]]s in Sooth Wales an ane nicht, at the Tap Hat in [[Cwmtillery]], Wales, Jones wis spottit bi [[Gordon Mills]], a Lunnon-based manager who oreeginally hailed frae Sooth Wales hissel. Mills became Jones' manager an teuk the young sangster tae Lunnon, an renamit him Tom Jones an aw,<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/music/sites/tom-jones/pages/biography_02.shtml Tom Jones biography – part two] BBC Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2012</ref> tae exploit the popularity of the Academy Award winnin [[Tom Jones (film)|1963 film]].<ref>''LIFE'' – 18 Sept. 1970 – [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=8lUEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA54&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-ICLUK2LFKrMmAWW1IHQDw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=&f=false Page 54] Vol. 69, no. 12 ''"Mills promptly changed the singer's name tae Tom Jones, to exploit the popularity of the current film by that name, and for six months he and Tom and the accompanists lived off a loan Mills talked a bank into giving them."''</ref> Eventually Mills got Jones a recordin contract wi [[Decca Records|Decca]]. His first single, "Chills and Fever", wis released in late 1964. It did no chart, but the follae-up, "[[It's Not Unusual]]" became an internaitional [[chairt-topper|hit]] efter affshore [[pirate radio]] station [[Radio Caroline]] promotit it. The follaein year wad be the maist prominent o Jones's career, makkin him ane o the maist popular vocalists o the [[Breetish Invasion]]. In early 1965 "It's Not Unusual" reached nummer ane in the Unitit Kinrick an the tap ten in the Unitit States. Durin 1965 Mills secured a nummer o film themes for Jones tae record includin the themes for the film ''[[:en:What's New Pussycat? (song)|What's New Pussycat?]]'' (written bi [[Burt Bacharach]] an [[Hal David]]) an for the [[James Bond]] film ''[[:en:Thunderball (film)|Thunderball]]''.<ref name="BioPart3"/> Jones wis an aa awairdit the [[Grammy Award for Best New Artist]] for 1966.<ref name="Grammy">[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5SgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA13&dq=tom+jones+grammy+award+best+new+artist&hl=en&sa=X&ei=dYaBT4GRLqWi0QXsqK2LBw&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=tom%20jones%20grammy%20award%20best%20new%20artist&f=false Naras Champions of 1965] p.12. Billboard (26 March 1966). Retrieved 8 April 2012</ref> In Hollywood, Jones met [[Elvis Presley]] for the first time who he recaws singin his sang as he walkit towards him on set. In 1966 Jones' popularity began tae slip somewha, causin Mills tae redesign the sangster's image intae that o a [[crooner]]. Jones began tae sing material that appealed tae a wider audience sic as the big kintra hit "[[Green, Green Grass of Home]]" an aw. The strategy wirkit an Jones returned tae the tap o the chairts in the Unitit Kinrick an began hittin the Tap 40 again in the Unitit States. For the remainder o the decade he scored a string o hits on baith sides o the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]].<ref name="Tom Jones NNDB"/><ref name="Tom Jones Nostalgia Central">{{Cite web |url=http://www.nostalgiacentral.com/music/tomjones.htm |title="Tom Jones Nostalgia Central" |access-date=2014-01-28 |archive-date=2006-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060721100011/http://www.nostalgiacentral.com/music/tomjones.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.classicbands.com/tomjones.html "Tom Jones Classic Bands"]</ref> ==Discografie== {{Main|Tom Jones discografie}} ==Filmografie== * ''[[What's New Pussycat?]]'' (title sang) * ''[[Promise Her Anything]]'' (title sang) * ''[[Thunderball]]'' (title song) * ''The Special London Bridge Special'', TV special, UK/US (1972) ** A fantasy story aboot [[London Bridge]] bein brocht tae Americae * ''On Happiness Island'', [[BBC]] TV special, UK (1974) * ''Pleasure Cove'', featur film, US (1979) * ''[[Fantasy Island]]'', TV series, US ([[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], 7 Apryle 1984) * ''The Ghosts of Oxford Street'', TV special, UK (1991) ** A TV muisical celebrating the 200th anniversary of Lunnon's maist renowned Oxford Street * ''[[The Simpsons]]'', TV series, Saison 4 Episode 7 ("[[Marge Gets a Job]]") (1992) * ''[[Fresh Prince of Bel-Air]]'', TV series (Guest: As Himsel) (1993) * ''Silk n' Sabotage'', featur film, US (1994) * ''[[Jerky Boys: The Movie]]'', featur film, US (1995) * ''[[Mars Attacks!]]'', featur film, US (1996) * ''[[Agnes Browne]]'' (a.k.a. ''The Mammy''), featur film (1999) * ''[[The Emperor's New Groove]]'', animatit film (As the Theme Song Guy) (2000) * ''[[Duck Dodgers (TV series)|Duck Dodgers]]'', openin theme and a guest appearance in episode "Talent Show A Go-Go"<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://tomjonesonline.com/tom-jones-filmography.php |title="Tom Jones Filmography" |access-date=2013-10-12 |archive-date=2009-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090323050706/http://tomjonesonline.com/tom-jones-filmography.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Wikipedia books|Tom Jones}} {{Commons category}} * {{Official website|http://www.tomjones.com}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Jones, Tom}} [[Category:1940 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Breetish Invasion airtists]] [[Category:Blue-eyed soul sangsters]] [[Category:Brit Award winners]] [[Category:Columbia Records airtists]] [[Category:Decca Records airtists]] [[Category:Epic Records airtists]] [[Category:Grammy Awaird winners]] [[Category:Interscope Records airtists]] [[Category:Island Records airtists]] [[Category:Jive Records airtists]] [[Category:Knichts Bachelor]] [[Category:Lost Highway Records airtists]] [[Category:Sangsters awairdit knichtheids]] [[Category:Mercury Records airtists]] [[Category:Officers o the Order o the Breetish Empire]] [[Category:Parrot Records airtists]] [[Category:Fowk frae Pontypridd]] [[Category:Polydor Records airtists]] [[Category:Pseudonymous muisickers]] [[Category:Tradeetional pop muisic sangsters]] [[Category:V2 Records airtists]] [[Category:Welsh baritones]] [[Category:Welsh crooners]] [[Category:Welsh expatriates in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Welsh knichts]] [[Category:Welsh male sangsters]] [[Category:Welsh fowk o Inglis strynd]] [[Category:Welsh sangsters]] [[Category:ZTT Records airtists]] [[Category:The Voice (TV series) judges]] [[Category:20t-century Breetish sangsters]] [[Category:21st-century Breetish sangsters]] 6jvtui3qxhvj3wsnu4m19375lv9ygkl 0 62628 918413 885471 2026-06-20T00:31:54Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | settlement_type = Toun | official_name = Pedraza |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Magdalena - Pedraza.svg |mapsize = 200px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Pedraza in the Depairtment o Magdalena. |subdivision_type = [[Kintra]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Natural regions o Colombie|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name = [[Colombie]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Caribbean Natural Region, Colombie|Caribbean]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Magdalena, Colombie|Magdalena]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = |established_title = Foundation |established_date = 1791 |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2005 |population_note = <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20061129165155/http://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2005/regiones/magdalena/pedraza.pdf {{es icon}} DANE 2005 Census: Pedraza]</ref> |population_total = 7865 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = <br>[http://pedraza-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml www.pedraza-magdalena.gov.co] |footnotes = }} '''Pedraza''' ({{IPA-es|peˈðɾasa}}) is a toun an municipality o the [[Colombie]] [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] o [[Magdalena, Colombie|Magdalena]]. ==History== Pedraza wis foundit in 1791 bi [[Pablo José Torregrosa]]. On 9 Dizember 1908, bi Executive Decree 1312, Pedraza became a municipality o Magdalena. ==Geografie an climate== Pedraza's contours are slichtly plane wi certaint undulations as heich as 120 meters. ===Hydrografie=== Localizit near the [[ciénaga de Cocore]], [[ciénaga de La Brava]], [[ciénaga de La Palma]], [[ciénaga de Pajaral]], [[ciénaga de Pato]], [[ciénaga de Zapayan]], [[ciénaga de Zarzal]] an [[ciénaga de Molino]]. The streams o Cerezos, Iguanera, Jeremías, La Soledad, Los Coquitos an Patos flow throu the aurie o Pedraza an aw. ==Poleetical diveesion== Corregimientos an caseríos: * Bahía Honda * Bomba * Guaiquirí * Heredia. ==Economy== Pedraza's main economic activity is [[fermin]] wi a emphasis on breedin [[fermstockin]] sic as [[cattle]], [[pork]], [[equine]]s, [[gait]]s, an [[mule]]s. Agricultur production is pairt o its economy an aw, predominantly [[Cassava|yuca]], [[Maize|corn]], [[tomato]], [[bean]]s. [[Airtisan fishin]] is practicit on the mony mairshes an streams in the aurie an aw. ==Attractions== Pedraza affers [[ecotourism]] steids surroondin [[Ciénaga La Brava]] an Riveras del Río. ===Historical steids=== [[Iglesia San Pablo]] (Saunt Peter kirk), Antiguo Palacio Municipal (Umwhile Ceety Haw Palace) an the Parque Central (central pairk). ===Festivities=== The toun celebrates [[Carnivals in Colombie|Carnivals]] frae Februar throu Mairch, while pairticipatin o the [[holy week]] an aw, Fiesta de la Conversión de San Pablo (Saunt Peter's Conversion Feast) ivery 25 Januar an the ''Día del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús'' (The Sacred Hert o Jesus Day) ivery 14 Juin. ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://pedraza-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml Pedraza official website]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929060338/http://pedraza-magdalena.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2007-09-29 }} *{{es icon}} [http://www.gobmagdalena.gov.co/default.asp?id=10&mnu=10 Gobernacion del Magdalena - Pedraza] {{Municipalities magdalena depairtment}} [[Category:Municipalities o Magdalena, Colombie]] [[Category:Populatit places in Magdalena, Colombie]] 90gfa3vaabytksf1ocel5v4dgfw1go2 0 64276 918417 918044 2026-06-20T03:31:34Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Partido Argentina |name= Pila |official name= Partido de Pila |coat of arms= Sin escudo.svg |map= Argentina - Buenos Aires - Pila.svg |location= location o Pila Partido in Buenos Aires Province |capital= [[Pila, Buenos Aires|Pila]] |foundation= 21 Dizember 1839 |founder= [[Juan Manuel de Rosas]] |pop= 3,318 |density= 0.95 Inhabitants/km² |pop change= +11.75% (1991-2001) |resident= ''pilense'' |tel= 02242 | post= B7116 |coor= {{coord|36|01|S|58|07|W}} |area=3453 |dist1=188km<!--not used?--> |dist2=201km<!--not used?--> |patron= |mayor= Gustavo Alfredo Walter, [[Partido Justicialista|PJ]] |web= http://www.pila.gov.ar |ifam= BUE095 }} '''Pila Partido''' is a [[partido]] o [[Buenos Aires Province]] in [[Argentinae]]. The provincial subdiveesion haes a population o aboot 3,000 inhabitants in a aurie o {{convert|3453|km2|abbr=on|0}}, makkin it ane o the maist spairsely populatit partidos in Buenos Aires Province. The caipital ceety is [[Pila, Buenos Aires|Pila]], which is locatit aroond {{convert|188|km|abbr=on|0}} frae [[Buenos Aires]]. ==Dounsets== *[[Casalins]] *[[La Florida, Buenos Aires|La Florida]] *[[La Luz, Buenos Aires|La Luz]] *[[La Victoria, Buenos Aires|La Victoria]] *'''[[Pila, Buenos Aires|Pila]]''' *[[Real Audiencia, Buenos Aires|Real Audiencia]] ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.gob.gba.gov.ar/cdi/ Provincial steid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716231000/http://www.gob.gba.gov.ar/cdi/ |date=2012-07-16 }} * [http://www.promocionar.org/recip_geograf.asp?ID_UBPROVINCIA=1&ID_UBPARTIDO=83 Facts aboot the Partido] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930020954/http://www.promocionar.org/recip_geograf.asp?ID_UBPROVINCIA=1&ID_UBPARTIDO=83 |date=2007-09-30 }} {{Partidos o Buenos Aires Province}} [[Category:1839 establishments in Argentinae]] [[Category:Partidos o Buenos Aires Province]] eavl6onlue3acym06mdvjzyrxek7yze 0 64617 918444 885656 2026-06-20T06:00:40Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918444 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |name = San Juan Cacahuatepec |settlement_type =[[Municipalities o Mexico|Municipality]] an toun |other_name = |native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline =San Juan Cacahuatepec.JPG |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map =Sjcacahuatepec.png |mapsize = 200px |map_caption = Location o the municipality in Oaxaca |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Mexico <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position =above |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Mexico <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Admeenistrative diveesions o Mexico|State]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Oaxaca]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 =153.1 <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of =2005 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total =8134 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title = |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central Staundart Time]] |utc_offset = -6 |timezone_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central Daylicht Time]] |utc_offset_DST = -5 |coordinates = {{coord|16|37|N|98|09|W|region:MX|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''San Juan Cacahuatepec''' is a ceety in the [[Mexico|Mexican]] state o [[Oaxaca]], near the mairch wi [[Guerrero]]. It is locatit in the [[Jamiltepec Destrict]] in the wast o the [[Costa Region, OaxacaCosta Region]]. Its population in 1990, accordin tae ''The Columbia Gazetteer of North America'', wis 3,116;<ref name=Gaz>{{cite web |url= http://www.bartleby.com/69/50/S03550.html |title= San Juan Cacahuatepec |accessdate= 2008-10-18 |work= The Columbia Gazetteer of North America |publisher= bartleby.com |date= 2000 |archive-date= 2005-03-25 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20050325012548/http://www.bartleby.com/69/50/S03550.html |url-status= dead }}</ref> in 2006, it wis aboot 5,000.<ref name=Moon>{{cite book | first = Bruce | last = Whipperman | title = Moon Acapulco, Ixtapa, and Zihuatanejo | publisher = Avalon Travel Publishing | year = 2006 | isbn = 1-56691-980-0 | page = 266 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=AD_RGGQWyvgC&pg=RA1-PA266&dq=Cacahuatepec&lr=lang_en#PRA1-PA266,M1}}</ref> Alang wi [[San Pedro Amusgos]], it is a hivy centre o population for the indigenous [[Amuzgo fowk|Amuzgo]].<ref name=Moon/> The name Cacahuatepec is [[Nahuatl]], translatin "Place o Cacao-bean muntain".<ref name=Treat/> Agricultur o the aurie includes corn, beans, succarcane, rice, an tropical fruits.<ref name=Gaz/> ==History== Ance inhabitit bi [[Yopes]], the aurie came unner dominion o [[Spain]] in 1523.<ref name=Treat>{{cite book | first = Hernando Ruiz | last = de Alarcon | coauthors = James Richard Andrews, Ross Hassig | title = Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions that Today Live Among the Indians Native to this New Spain, 1629 | publisher = University of Oklahoma Press | year = 1987 | isbn = 0-8061-2031-2 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=xf9nQ2roM6EC&pg=PA254&dq=Cacahuatepec&lr=lang_en | page = 254}}.</ref> Several times it haes been impactit bi unrest in the region. It wis a gatherin pynt for rebel forces o [[Hermenegildo Galeana]] in the early 19t century,<ref>{{cite book | first= Hubert Howe | last = Bancroft | coauthors = William Nemos, Thomas Savage, Joseph Joshua Peatfield |title = History of Mexico | publisher = A.L. Bancroft | year = 1885 | volume = 4 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=MfdAAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA579&dq=Cacahuatepec&lr=lang_en&as_brr=3#PPA575,M1}}</ref> an later, in 1854, it wis razit bi [[Antonio López de Santa Anna]].<ref>{{cite book | first = Will | last = Fowler | title = Santa Anna of Mexico | publisher = U of Nebraska Press | year = 2007 | isbn = 0-8032-1120-1 | page = 313 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=mgEB2vIVRtQC&pg=PA313&dq=Cacahuatepec&lr=lang_en&as_brr=3#PPA313,M1}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.cacahuatepec.gob.mx Offeecial municipal wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520181740/http://cacahuatepec.gob.mx/ |date=2013-05-20 }} {{Jamiltepec Destrict}} [[Category:Populatit places in Oaxaca]] [[Category:Municipalities o Oaxaca]] f9skcdmn17pp5btayryqgcma683jcj5 0 65046 918345 885500 2026-06-19T13:49:25Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918345 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}} {{Infobox poleetical pairty |name = Kurdistan Wirkers' Pairty |native_name = Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan (PKK) |logo = [[File:Flag of Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK).svg|200px]] |colorcode = #FF0000 |leader = |foundation = {{Start date|1974}} |ideology = Socialism<br>Democratic Confederalism<ref name="ekurd.net">{{cite web | url = http://www.ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2012/12/turkey4358b.pdf | format = PDF | title = Rethinking Politics and Democracy in the Middle East | last = Jongerden | first = Joost | accessdate = 8 September 2013 | archive-date = 2016-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160315143043/http://ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2012/12/turkey4358b.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | url = http://www.freedom-for-ocalan.com/english/download/Ocalan-Democratic-Confederalism.pdf | format = PDF | last = Ocalan | first = Abdullah | title = Democratic Confederalism | year = 2011 | isbn = 978-0-9567514-2-3 | accessdate = 8 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kurdmedia.com/article.aspx?id=10174 | title = The declaration of Democratic Confederalism | last = Ocalan | first = Abdullah | date = 2 April 2005 | website = [[KurdishMedia.com]] | accessdate = 8 September 2013 | archive-date = 2013-12-23 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131223122439/http://www.kurdmedia.com/article.aspx?id=10174 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.savaskarsitlari.org/arsiv.asp?ArsivTipID=5&ArsivAnaID=34813 | title = Bookchin devrimci mücadelemizde yaşayacaktır | language = Turkish | date = 26 August 2006 | website = Savaş Karşıtları | accessdate = 8 September 2013 | archive-date = 2013-12-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131202230045/http://www.savaskarsitlari.org/arsiv.asp?ArsivTipID=5&ArsivAnaID=34813 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2007/10/among-the-kurds/306448/ | title = Among the Kurds | newspaper = [[The Atlantic]] | date = 26 October 2007 | last = Wood | first = Graeme | accessdate = 8 September 2013}}</ref><br>[[Communalism (political philosophy)|Communalism]]<ref name="ekurd.net"/><br>[[Marxism–Leninism]] <small>(formerly)</small><br>[[Maoism]] <small>(formerly)</small> |position = [[Far-left politics|Far-left]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Halliday|first=Fred|title=The Middle East in International Relations: Power, Politics and Ideology|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=24 January 2005|pages=247|isbn=9780521597418|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=isHOVSHz_4gC&pg=PA247&dq=pkk+%22far+left%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=hi8aUvqpKZHY9QTp4oDQAw&ved=0CFEQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=pkk%20%22far%20left%22&f=false|accessdate=25 August 2013}}</ref> |headquarters = |paramilitary wing = |wing1_title = Airmed Wing |wing1 = Fowk's Defence Force (HPG) |religion = [[Secularity|Secular]] |international = [[Koma Civakên Kurdistan]] |website ={{Plainlist| * {{URL|www.PKKonline.net}} (PKK) * {{URL|www.hezenparastin.com/eng/}} (HPG) }} |country = {{Flatlist| * [[Turkey]] * [[Iraqi Kurdistan]] * [[Iranian Kurdistan]] * [[Sirie]](Umwhile) * [[Lebanon]](Umwhile) }}}} The '''Kurdistan Wirkers' Pairty''' ({{lang-ku|Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan}} or پارتی کار که‌رانی کوردستان (''Parti Karkerani Kurdistan'')), commonly kent as '''PKK''', kent as '''KGK''' an umwhile kent as '''KADEK''' (Freedom an Democracy Congress o Kurdistan) or '''KONGRA-GEL''' (Kurdistan Fowk's Congress) an aw,<ref name="USTerrorList2">{{cite web| url=http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2006/82738.htm| work=Country Reports on Terrorism| title=Chapter 6—Terrorist Groups| date=27 April 2005| publisher=[[United States Department of State]] <!--use in case of emergency|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20050526080545/http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/45394.htm| archivedate=26 May 2005 -->| accessdate=23 July 2008| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070505081932/http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2006/82738.htm| archivedate=2007-05-05| url-status=live}}</ref> is a [[Kurdish fowk|Kurdish]] organisation which frae 1984 tae 2013 foucht [[Kurdish–Turkish conflict|an airmed struggle against the Turkish state]] for an autonomous [[Kurdistan]] an [[Human richts o Kurdish fowk in Turkey|cultural an poleetical]] richts for the [[Kurds in Turkey]].<ref name=tahiri>Tahiri, Hussein. ''The Structure of Kurdish Society and the Struggle for a Kurdish State.'' Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publications 2007. pp 232 ff</ref><!-- Please do not write terrorist here, per Wikipedia policies. However, you may cite the countries that recognize it as such in the above infobox. --> The group wis foondit in 1978 in the veelage of Fis, near [[Lice, Turkey|Lice]] an wis led bi [[Abdullah Öcalan]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://kicadam.home.xs4all.nl/kurdistan/2_99/ocalan.html |title=Abdullah Öcalan and the development of the PKK |access-date=2012-05-26 |archive-date=2012-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324230847/http://kicadam.home.xs4all.nl/kurdistan/2_99/ocalan.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The PKK's ideology wis oreeginally a fusion of revolutionary socialism an [[Kurdish nationalism]] — awtho syne his imprisonment, Öcalan haes abandoned orthodox [[Marxism]].<ref name="Abdullah Ocalan 2007, p. 243-277">Abdullah Ocalan, "Prison Writings: The Roots of Civilisation", 2007, Pluto Press. (p. 243-277)</ref> The PKK is leetit as a [[terrorist organisation]] internaitionally bi several states an organisations, includin [[NATO]], the Unitit States an the [[European Union]].<ref name="USTerrorList2"/> In 2013 the PKK ceased fire an began widrawin tae northren Iraq. The name 'PKK' is uisually uised interchyngeably for the name o its airmed wing, the '''Fowk's Defence Force (HPG)''', which wis umwhile cried the '''Kurdistan Naitional Liberty Airmy (ARGK)'''.<ref>[http://www.start.umd.edu/start/data_collections/tops/terrorist_organization_profile.asp?id=83 Terrorist Organization Profile – START – National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230231729/http://www.start.umd.edu/start/data_collections/tops/terrorist_organization_profile.asp?id=83 |date=2013-12-30 }}. Start.umd.edu. Retrieved on 15 July 2013.</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kurdistan Wirkers' Pairty}} [[Category:Anti-Revisionist organisations]] [[Category:Communism]] [[Category:Communist organisations]] [[Category:European Union designatit terrorist organisations]] [[Category:Far-left politics]] [[Category:Govrenment o Canadae designatit terrorist organisations]] [[Category:Govrenment o Kazakhstan designatit terrorist organisations]] [[Category:Kurdistan Workers' Pairty| ]] [[Category:Naitionalist terrorism]] [[Category:Organisations designatit as terrorist in Europe]] [[Category:Organisations designatit as terrorist in Asie]] [[Category:Organisations designatit as terrorist bi the Turkis Directorate General for Security]] [[Category:Organisations designatit as terrorist bi the Unitit States govrenment]] [[Category:Resistance muivements]] [[Category:Secession in Iraq]] [[Category:Secession in Sirie]] [[Category:Secession in Turkey]] [[Category:Terrorism in Turkey]] [[Category:Unitit Kinrick Hame Office designatit terrorist groups]] [[Category:Banned poleetical pairties o Turkey]] [[Category:Naitional liberation airmies]] [[Category:Rebel groups in Iraq]] [[Category:Rebel groups in Turkey]] {{stub}} 7hwxh6ysvh82js6kon137afm5x6w2xc 0 65830 918415 909519 2026-06-20T00:42:42Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918415 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Other uses}} {{Infobox Italian comune | name = Perugia | official_name = Comune di Perugia | native_name = | image_skyline = Perugia panoramic.jpg | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = [[Piazza IV Novembre]] | image_shield =Logocomuneperugia.png | shield_alt = | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | coordinates = {{coord|43|6|44|N|12|23|20|E|region:IT_type:city(162275)|display=inline}} | coordinates_footnotes = | region = {{RegioneIT|sigla=UMB}} | province = {{ProvinciaIT (short form)|sigla=PG}} (PG) | frazioni = See [[#Frazioni|list]] | mayor_party = [[Democratic Pairty (Italy)|PD]] | mayor = Wladimiro Boccali | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 449.92 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 168066 | population_as_of = 30 September 2010 | pop_density_footnotes = | population_demonym = Perugini | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 493 | twin1 = | twin1_country = | saint = [[Constantius o Perugia|St.&nbsp;Constantius]], [[Herculanus o Perugia|St.&nbsp;Herculanus]], [[Lawrence o Roum|St.&nbsp;Lawrence]] | day = 29 January | postal_code = 06100 | area_code = 075 | website = {{official website|http://www.comune.perugia.it/}} | footnotes = }} '''Perugia''' ({{IPA-it|peˈruːdʒa|-|It-Perugia.ogg}}; ({{lang-lat|Perusia}}) is the caipital ceety o the region o [[Umbrie]] in central [[Italy]], crossed bi the river [[Tiber]]. The ceety is the caipital o the [[province o Perugia]]. Perugia is locatit aboot {{convert|164|km|mi|abbr=off}} north o Roum, an {{convert|148|km|mi|abbr=in}} sooth-east o Florence. It covers a heich hilltop an pairt o the [[valley]]s aroond the aurie. The region o [[Umbrie]] is bordered bi [[Tuscany]], [[Lazio]] an [[Marche]]. The history o Perugia goes back tae the Etruscan period. Perugia wis ane o the main [[Etruscan ceeties]]. The ceety is kent as the [[varsities]] toun an aw, wi the [[Varsity o Perugia]] foondit in 1308 (aboot 34,000 students), the [[Varsity for Foreigners Perugia|Varsity for Foreigners]] (5,000 students), an some smawer colleges sic the Academy o Feene Airts "Pietro Vannucci" ({{lang-it|Accademia di Belle Arti "Pietro Vannucci"}}) public athenaeum foondit on 1573, the Perugia Varsity Institute o Linguistic Mediation for translators an interpreters, the Muisic Conservatory o Perugia, foondit on 1788, an ithers Institutes. Thare are annual festivals an events: the Eurochocolate Festival (October), the [[Umbria Jazz Festival]] (Julie), an the International Jurnalism Festival (in Apryle). Perugia is a well-kent cultural an airtistic centre o Italy. The famous penter Pietro Vannucci, elknamit [[Perugino]], wis a native o [[Città della Pieve]] near Perugia. He decoratit the local ''Sala del Cambio'' wi a bonnie series o [[fresco]]es; aicht o his picturs can be admired in the Naitional Gallery o Umbrie an aw.<ref>cf. ''Perugia'', Raffaele Rossi, Pietro Scarpellini, 1993 (Vol. 1, pg. 337, 344)</ref> Perugino wis the teacher o [[Raphael]],<ref>"...it appears most probable that he did not enter Perugino's studio till the end of 1499, as during the four or five years before that Perugino was mostly absent from his native city. The so-called Sketch Book of Raphael in the academy of Venice contains studies apparently from the cartoons of some of Perugino's Sistine frescoes, possibly done as practice in drawing." (Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition).<br/> See also "Perugia". ''The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia'', Sixth Edition. Columbia University Press., 2003</ref> the great [[Renaissance]] airtist who producit five pentins in Perugia (the day nae langer in the ceety)<ref>The precise role of Raphael in Perugino's works, executed during his apprenticeship, is disputed by scholars. The independent works depicted in Perugia are: the ''Ansidei Madonna ''(taken by the French under the terms of the Treaty of Tolentino in 1798), the Deposition by Raphael (''Pala Baglioni'', this masterpiece was expropriated by Scipione Borghese in 1608, cf. [http://arts.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,11711,1330380,00.html 'The Guardian'', October 19, 2004]), the Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints, by [[Raphael]] (formerly located in the convent of St Anthony of Padua cf.[http://arthistory.about.com/od/special_exhibitions/l/bl_raphael_colonna_rev.htm The Colonna Altarpiece review at Art History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071219111241/http://arthistory.about.com/od/special_exhibitions/l/bl_raphael_colonna_rev.htm |date=2007-12-19 }}), the ''Connestabile Madonna'' (this picture left Perugia in 1871, when Count Connestabile sold it to the emperor of [[Roushie]] for £13,200, cf. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''), the Oddi altar by Raphael (requisitioned by the French in 1798)</ref> an ane fresco.<ref name = "severo"/> Anither famous penter, [[Pinturicchio]], livit in Perugia. [[Galeazzo Alessi]] is the maist famous airchitect frae Perugia. The ceety seembol is the [[griffin]], which can be seen in the form o [[Commemorative plaque|plaque]]s an [[statue]]s on biggins aroond the ceety. == History == Perugia wis a [[Umbri]]e dounset<ref name="Britannica">Perugia (2007). In ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved May 21, 2007, from [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9059376 Encyclopædia Britannica Online]</ref> but first appears in written history as ''[[Perusia]]'', ane o the 12 [[Etruscan ceevilization#Etruscan League|confederate]] ceeties o [[Etrurie]];<ref name="Britannica"/> it wis first mentioned in [[Quintus Fabius Pictor|Q. Fabius Pictor's]] accoont, utilisit bi [[Livy]], o the expedeetion carriet oot against the [[Etruscan ceevilization#Etruscan League|Etruscan League]] bi [[Fabius Maximus Rullianus]]<ref>"How much of his glory is due to his kinsman, Fabius Pictor, the first historian of Rome, or to the family legends, which found in Etruria the most fitting scene for the exploits of the [[Fabius|great Fabian house]], we cannot tell" (Walter W. How and Henry Devenish Leigh, ''A History of Rome to the Death of Caesar'' London: Longmans, Green 1898:112).</ref> in 310 or 309 BC. At that time a thirty-year ''[[Truce|indutiae]]'' (truce) wis greit upon;<ref>Livy ix.37.12).</ref> housomeivver, in 295 Perusia teuk pairt in the [[Samnite Wars|Third Samnite War]] an wis reducit, wi Volsinii an Arretium ([[Arezzo]]), tae seek for peace in the follaein year.<ref>Livy ix.30.1-2, 31.1-3; ''indutiae'' with [[Volsinii]], Perusia and Arretium, ix.37.4-5.</ref> In 216 an 205 BC it assistit Roum in the [[Seicont Punic War]] but efterwairds it is nae mentioned till 41-40 BC, when [[Lucius Antonius (brither o Mark Antony)|Lucius Antonius]] teuk refuge thare, an wis reducit bi [[Augustus|Octavian]] efter a lang siege, an its senators sent tae thair daith. A nummer o lead bullets uised bi slingers hae been foond in an aroond the ceety.<ref>cf. ''Corpus Inscr. Lat.'' xi. 1212</ref> The ceety wis burnt, we are tauld, wi the exception o the temples o [[Vulcan (meethologie)|Vulcan]] an [[Juno (meethologie)|Juno]]— the massive Etruscan terrace-waws,<ref>[http://www.perugiaonline.com/perugia_arcoetrusco.html Etruscan town walls].</ref> naturally, can hardly hae suffered at aw— an the toun, wi the territory for a mile roond, wis alloued tae be occupeed bi whoiver chose. It must hae been rebuilt amaist at ance, for several bases for statues exist, inscribit ''Augusto sacr(um) Perusia restituta''; but it did no acome a ''[[Colonia (Roman)|colonia]]'', till 251-253 AD, when it wis resettled as ''Colonia Vibia Augusta Perusia'', unner the emperor [[Trebonianus Gallus|C. Vibius Trebonianus Gallus]].<ref>Latin inscriptions at two of the preserved Etruscan gates.</ref> It is hardly mentioned except bi the geografers till it wis the anerly ceety in Umbrie tae resist [[Totila]], who captured it an laid the ceety waste in 547, efter a lang siege, apparently efter the ceety's Byzantine garrison evacuatit. Negotiations wi the besiegin forces fell tae the ceety's bishop, [[Herculanus o Perugia|Herculanus]], as representative o the tounsfowk.<ref>Patrick Amory, ''People and Identity in Ostrogothic Italy, 489-554'' pp185-86, referring to Perugia in passing, notes the increasingly localized role assumed since the mid-5th century by the bishops.</ref> Totila is said tae hae ordered the bishop tae be [[flayed]] an beheidit. St. Herculanus (Sant'Ercolano) later became the ceety's [[patron saunt]].<ref>Procopius, ''Bellum Gothicum'', 3 (7).2.35.2, characteristically does not mention the incident, reported in [[Gregory the Great]], [http://www.ccel.org/p/pearse/morefathers/gregory_03_dialogues_book3.htm#C13 ''Dialogues'', 13] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090917040820/http://www.ccel.org/p/pearse/morefathers/gregory_03_dialogues_book3.htm#C13 |date=2009-09-17 }}, who imagines a seven-year siege (i.e. since 540, before the accession of [[Totila|Baduila]]) and dramatically reports Herculanus' grotesque murder.</ref> In the [[Lombards|Lombard]] period Perugia is spoken o as ane o the principal ceeties o [[Tuscie]].<ref>[[Procopius of Caesarea]], ''Gothic Wars'' I,16 and III,35.</ref> In the 9t century, wi the consent o [[Charlemagne]] an [[Louis the Pious]], it passed unner the papes; but bi the 11t century its [[Medieval commune|commune]] wis assertin itsel, an for mony centuries the ceety continued tae mainteen a unthirlt life, warrin against mony o the neebourin land an ceeties— [[Foligno]], [[Assisi]], [[Spoleto]], [[Todi]], [[Siena]], [[Arezzo]] etc. In 1186 [[Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry VI]], ''rex romanorum'' an futur emperor, grantit diplomatic recognition tae the [[consul]]ar govrenment o the ceety; efterwaird [[Pape Innocent III]], whose major aim wis tae gie state dignity tae the dominions hain been constitutin the [[Patrimonium Sancti Petri|patrimony o St. Peter]], acknawledgit the validity o the imperial statement an recognisit the established ceevic practices as haein the force o law.<ref name="commune">cf. ''Perugia'', Raffaele Rossi, Attilio Bartoli Angeli, Roberta Sottani 1993 (Vol. 1, pp. 120-140)</ref> [[File:Perugia-acquedotto01.jpg|thumb|left|Medieval [[aqueduct (brig)|aqueduct]]]] On various occasions the papes foond asylum frae the tumults o Roum athin its waws, an it wis the meetin-place o five [[Papal conclave|conclaves]] ([[Perugia Papacy]]), includin those that electit [[Pape Honorius III|Honorius III]] (1216), [[Pape Clement IV|Clement IV]] (1285), [[Pape Celestine V|Celestine V]] (1294), an [[Pape Clement V|Clement V]] (1305); the papal presence wis characterisit bi a pacificatory rule atween the internal rivalries.<ref name="commune"/> But Perugia haed nae mind simply tae subserve the papal interests an niver acceptit papal sovereignty: the ceety uised tae exercise a jurisdiction ower the members o the clergy, mairower in 1282 Perugia wis excommunicatit due tae a new militar affensive against the Ghibellines regairdless o a papal prohibition. In the ither haund side bi side wi the 13t century bronze griffin o Perugia abuin the door o the [[Palazzo dei Priori]] staunds, as a Guelphic emblem, the [[lion (heraldry)|lion]], an Perugia remained lyal for the maist pairt tae the Guelph pairty in the struggles o [[Guelphs an Ghibellines]]. Housomeivver this dominant tendency wis rather a anti-Germanic an Italian poleetical strategy.<ref name="commune"/> The [[Capetian Hoose o Anjou|Angevin]] presence in Italy appeared tae affer a coonterpoise tae papal pouers: in 1319 Perugia declared the Angevin Saunt [[Louis o Toulouse]] "Protector o the ceety's sovereignty an o the Palazzo o its Priors"<ref>"Avvocato della Signoria cittadina e del Palazzo dei suoi Priori"</ref> an set his figur amang the ither patron saunts abuin the rich doorwey o the Palazzo dei Priori. Midwey throu the 14t century [[Bartholus o Sassoferrato]], who wis a renouned jurist, assertit that Perugia wis dependent upon neither imperial nor papal support.<ref name="commune"/> In 1347, at the time o [[Cola di Rienzi|Rienzi's]] unfortunate enterprise in revivin the Roman republic, Perugia sent ten ambassadors tae pey him honour; an, when papal legates socht tae coerce it bi foreign sodgers, or tae exact contreibutions, thay met wi vigorous resistance, which broke intae open warfare wi [[Pape Urban V]] in 1369; in 1370 the noble pairty reached a greement signin the treaty o [[Bologna]] an Perugia wis forcit tae accept a papal legate; housomeivver the vicar-general o the Papal States, [[Gérard du Puy]], Abbot o Marmoutier an nephew o [[Pape Gregory IX|Gregory IX]],<ref>Made a cardinal bi his uncle, 20 Dizember 1375 ([http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/consistories-xiv.htm Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: 14th century] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213221529/http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/consistories-xiv.htm |date=2018-02-13 }})</ref> wis expelled bi a popular uprisin in 1375, an his fortification o Porta Sole wis razit tae the grund.<ref name = "touring"/> Ceevic peace wis constantly disturbit in the 14t century bi struggles atween the pairty representin the fowk (''Raspanti'') an the nobles (''Beccherini''). Efter the assassination in 1398 of [[Biordo Michelotti]], who haed made hissel laird o Perugia, the ceety became a pawn in the [[Italian Wars]], passin tae [[Gian Galeazzo Visconti]] (1400), tae [[Pape Boniface IX]] (1403), an tae [[Ladislaus o Naples]] (1408–14) afore it settled intae a period o soond govrenance unner the ''[[Signoria]]'' o the [[condottiero]] [[Braccio da Montone]] (1416–24), who reached a concordance wi the Papacy. Follaein mutual atrocities o the Oddi an the Baglioni faimilies, pouer wis at last concentratit in the Baglioni, who, tho thay haed nae legal poseetion, defeed aw ither authority, tho thair bloody internal squabbles culminatit in a massacre, 14 Julie 1500.<ref name = "touring"/> [[Gian Paolo Baglioni]] wis lured tae Roum in 1520 an beheidit at the orders o [[Pape Leo X|Leo X]]; an in 1540 Rodolfo, who haed slain a papal legate, wis defeatit bi [[Pier Luigi Farnese]], an the ceety, captured an plundered bi his sodgery, wis deprivit o its preevileges. A citadel kent as the {{Ill|it|Rocca Paolina}}, efter the name o [[Pape Paul III]], wis biggit, tae designs o [[Antonio da Sangallo the Younger]] "''ad coercendam Perusinorum audaciam''."<ref>"in order to bring to heel the audacious Perugini".</ref> [[File:Rocca Paolina.jpg|thumb|upright|left|In the {{Ill|it|Rocca Paolina}}]] In 1797, the ceety wis conquered bi French troops. On 4 Februar 1798, the ''Tiberina Republic'' wis formit, wi Perugia as caipital, an the French [[Banner o Fraunce|tricolour]] as banner. In 1799, the Tiberina Republic mergit tae the [[Roman Republic (18t century)|Roman Republic]]. In 1832, 1838 an 1854, Perugia wis hit bi yirdquauks. Follaein the collapse o the [[Roman Republic (19t century)|Roman republic o 1848-49]], when the Rocca wis in pairt demolished,<ref name="touring">cf. Touring Club Italiano, ''Guida d'Italia: Umbria'' (1966)</ref> it wis seizit in Mey 1849 bi the [[Austrians]]. In Juin 1859 the indwallers rebelled against the temporal authority o the Pape an established a proveesional govrenment, but the insurrection wis quashed bloodily bi [[Pape Pius IX|Pius IX's]] troops.<ref>cf. [http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/723674962.html?dids=723674962:723674962&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Jul+18%2C+1859&author=&pub=Chicago+Press+and+Tribune&desc=The+Papal+Government+and+Its+Subjects.&pqatl=google Chicago Tribune, Jul 18, 1859] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108061759/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/723674962.html?dids=723674962:723674962&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Jul+18%2C+1859&author=&pub=Chicago+Press+and+Tribune&desc=The+Papal+Government+and+Its+Subjects.&pqatl=google |date=2012-11-08 }} and [http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/723677712.html?dids=723677712:723677712&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Jul+21%2C+1859&author=&pub=Chicago+Press+and+Tribune&desc=The+Outrge+on+American+at+Perugia---Illness+of+Mrs.+...&pqatl=google The outrage of the American witnesses in Perugia, Chicago Tribune, Jul 21, 1859] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108061750/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/723677712.html?dids=723677712:723677712&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Jul+21%2C+1859&author=&pub=Chicago+Press+and+Tribune&desc=The+Outrge+on+American+at+Perugia---Illness+of+Mrs.+...&pqatl=google |date=2012-11-08 }}</ref> In September 1860 the ceety wis unitit feenally, alang wi the rest o [[Umbrie]], as pairt o the [[Kinrick o Italy (1861–1946)|Kinrick o Italy]]. == Economy == [[File:Palazzo-Priori-Perugia.jpg|thumb|[[Palazzo dei Priori]]: the centre o communal govrenment]] Perugia haes acome famous for [[chocolate]], maistly acause o a single firm, [[Perugina]], whose Baci (kisses) are widely exportit.<ref>Nestlè-Perugina produced in 2005 about 1.5 million Baci a day. Each October, Perugia has an annual chocolate festival called [[EuroChocolate]]. [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/27/AR2005052700560.html In Italy, right in the kisser, The Washington Post, May 29, 2005]</ref> Perugian chocolate is vera popular in Italy. The company's plant locatit in San Sisto (Perugia) is the lairgest o Nestlé's nine steids in Italy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/2003/04/inbrief/it0304104n.html |title=European Industrial Relations Observatory, April 9, 2003 |publisher=Eurofound.europa.eu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-08 |archive-date=2013-10-10 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131010102309/http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/2003/04/inbrief/it0304104n.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ceety hosts a chocolate festival ivery October.<ref>{{cite web |author=By Lehndorff, John; 471 words |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-68871343.html |title=Thousands converge on historic city to celebrate everything chocolate Associated Press, October 21, 2002 |publisher=Highbeam.com |date= |accessdate=2013-06-08 |archive-date=2012-11-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102174308/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-68871343.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The suburbs host a lairge nummer o [[Smaw an middlin enterprises|SME]]s. == Geografie == Ceeties' distances frae Perugia: Assisi {{convert|19|km|mi|abbr=off}}, Siena {{convert|102|km|0|abbr=in}}, Florence {{convert|145|km|0|abbr=in}}, Roum {{convert|164|km|mi|abbr=in}}. === Climate === Even tho Perugia is locatit in the central pairt o Italy, the ceety experiences a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate clessification]] ''Cfa'') seemilar tae hintle o Northren Italy. Climate in this aurie haes mild differences atween heichs an laws, an thare is adequate rainfall year roond.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=8161&cityname=Perugia%2C+Umbria%2C+Italy&units= |title=Climate Summary for Perugia |access-date=2014-01-10 |archive-date=2014-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140805085001/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=8161&cityname=Perugia%2C+Umbria%2C+Italy&units= |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{Weather box |location = Perugia |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan high F = 47.5 |Feb high F = 51.3 |Mar high F = 56.7 |Apr high F = 62.4 |May high F = 71.6 |Jun high F = 78.6 |Jul high F = 85.6 |Aug high F = 84.6 |Sep high F = 78.1 |Oct high F = 67.8 |Nov high F = 56.1 |Dec high F = 48.2 |year high F = 65.7 |Jan low F = 32.4 |Feb low F = 34.7 |Mar low F = 37.0 |Apr low F = 41.4 |May low F = 48.7 |Jun low F = 54.3 |Jul low F = 58.8 |Aug low F = 59.2 |Sep low F = 55.2 |Oct low F = 47.8 |Nov low F = 39.6 |Dec low F = 34.9 |year low F = 45.3 |Jan precipitation inch = 2.3 |Feb precipitation inch = 2.7 |Mar precipitation inch = 2.4 |Apr precipitation inch = 2.8 |May precipitation inch = 2.9 |Jun precipitation inch = 2.8 |Jul precipitation inch = 1.8 |Aug precipitation inch = 2.4 |Sep precipitation inch = 2.7 |Oct precipitation inch = 3.0 |Nov precipitation inch = 3.7 |Dec precipitation inch = 2.8 |year precipitation inch = 32.3 |source 1 = Intellicast <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.intellicast.com/local/history.aspx?location=ITXX0136 |title=Perugia historic weather averages in Italy|accessdate= 4 June 2009 |publisher=Intellicast}}</ref> |date=August 2010 }} == Demographics == [[File:Perugia-vista02.jpg|thumb|Houses in Perugia.]] In 2007, thare wur 163,287 fowk residin in Perugia, locatit in the province o Perugia, [[Umbrie]], o whom 47.7% wur male an 52.3% wur female. Minors (childer ages 18 an younger) totalled 16.41 percent o the population compared tae pensioners who nummer 21.51 percent. This compares wi the Italian average o 18.06 percent (minors) an 19.94 percent (pensioners). The average age o Perugia residents is 44 compared tae the Italian average o 42. In the five years atween 2002 an 2007, the population o Perugia grew bi 7.86 percent, while [[Italy]] as a whole grew bi 3.85 percent.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://demo.istat.it/bil2007/index.html |title=Statistiche demografiche ISTAT |publisher=Demo.istat.it |date= |accessdate=2009-05-06 |archive-date=2009-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426215446/http://demo.istat.it/bil2007/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> As o 2006, 90.84% o the population wis [[Italians|Italian]]. The lairgest immigrant group came frae ither [[Europe]]an kintras (pairticularly frae [[Albanie]] an [[Romanie]]): 3.93%, the [[Americas]]: 2.01%, an [[North African]]: 1.3%. The majority o indwallers are [[Roman Catholic]]. {{-}} == Eddication == [[File:01 Perugia Grifo Codice Medioevo.jpg|thumb|Perugia [[griffin]], in a medieval [[Laitin]] [[document]].]] Perugia the day hosts twa main varsities, the auncient [[Varsity o Perugia|Università degli Studi]] (Varsity o Perugia) an the [[Varsity for Foreigners Perugia|Foreigners Varsity]] (''Università per Stranieri''). ''Stranieri'' serves as a Italian leid an cultur schuil for students frae aw ower the warld.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/leeds/content/articles/2007/03/13/student_diaries_heather_kenny_200703_feature.shtml BBC students diaries] March 13, 2007</ref> Ither eddicational institutions are the Perugia Fene Airts Academy "Pietro Vannucci" (foondit in 1573), the Perugia Muisic Conservatory for the study o clessical muisic, an the RAI Public Broadcastin Schuil o Radio-Telly Jurnalism.<ref>See [http://tourism.comune.perugia.it/canale.asp?id=256 Perugia, University Town] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927005725/http://tourism.comune.perugia.it/canale.asp?id=256 |date=2007-09-27 }} and [http://www.repubblica.it/universita/scuole_gio/scuole_gio.html La Repubblica Università - Italian Journalism recognized schools] {{It}}</ref> The ceety is host tae the Umbra Institute an aw, a accreditit varsity program for American students studyin abroad.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.umbra.org|title=The Umbra Institute}}</ref> The ''Università dei Sapori'' (Vasity o Tastes), a naitional centre for Vocational Eddication an Trainin in Fuid, is locatit in the ceety as well.<ref>See the institution educational purposes at the [http://www.universitadeisapori.com/canale.asp?id=728 Università dei Sapori official site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070712180220/http://www.universitadeisapori.com/canale.asp?id=728 |date=2007-07-12 }}</ref> == Frazioni == The ''comune'' includes the ''[[frazioni]]'' o Bagnaia, Bosco, Capanne, Casa del Diavolo, Castel del Piano, Cenerente, Civitella Benazzone, Civitella d'Arna, Collestrada, Colle Umberto I, Cordigliano, Colombella, Farneto, Ferro di Cavallo, [[Fontignano]], Fratticiola Selvatica, La Bruna, La Cinella, Lacugnano, Lidarno, Migiana di Monte Tezio, Monte Bagnolo, Monte Corneo, Montelaguardia, Monte Petriolo, Mugnano, Olmo, Parlesca, Pianello, Piccione, Pila, Pilonico Materno, Ponte della Pietra, Poggio delle Corti, Ponte Felcino, Ponte Pattoli, Ponte Rio, Ponte San Giovanni, Ponte Valleceppi, Prepo, Pretola, Ramazzano-Le Pulci, Rancolfo, Ripa, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, Sant'Egidio, Sant'Enea, San Fortunato della Collina, San Giovanni del Pantano, Sant'Andrea d'Agliano, Santa Lucia, San Marco, Santa Maria Rossa, San Martino dei Colli, San Martino in Campo, San Martino in Colle, San Sisto, Solfagnano, Villa Pitignano. Ither localities are Boneggio, Canneto, Colle della Trinità, Monte Pulito, Montevile, Pieve di Campo, Montemalbe an Monte Morcino. Collestrada, in the territory o the suburb o Ponte San Giovanni, saw a battle atween the indwallers o Perugia an [[Assisi]] in 1202. == Main sichts == === Kirks === [[File:Fontana Maggiore, Perugia.jpg|thumb|Fontana Maggiore]] * The [[Perugia Cathedral|Cathedral o S. Lorenzo]]. * Kirk an abbey o ''[[San Pietro, Perugia|San Pietro]]'' (late 16t century). * Basilica o ''[[San Domenico, Perugia|San Domenico]]'' (begun in 1394 an feenished in 1458). The Basilica is locatit whaur, in the Middle Ages, the mercat an the horse fair wur held, an whaur the Dominicans settled in 1234. The Basilica exterior is believit tae be designed bi [[Giovanni Pisano]] while its interior decorations wur redesigned bi [[Carlo Maderno]]. The massive belfry wis pairtially cut aroond mid-16t century. The Basilica hooses impressive ensaumples o Umbrie airt, includin the precious tomb o [[Pape Benedict XI]] an a firthen choir frae the Renaissance period. * The ''Sant'Angelo ''or o ''San Michele Arcangelo'' Kirk frae the (5t-6t centuries). This kirk haes 16 antique columns an is a stunnin ensaumple o Palaeo-Christian airt wi a central plan reminiscent o [[Santo Stefano Rotondo]] in [[Roum]]. * ''San Bernardino'' Kirk (wi facade bi [[Agostino di Duccio]]). * ''Sant' Ercolano'' Kirk frae the early 14t century. This kirk resembles a polygonal touer. This kirk ance haed twa floors. The upper floor wis demolished when the Rocca Paolina wus biggit. It includes Baroque decorations commissioned frae 1607. The main altar haes a sarcophagus foond in 1609. * Kirk o ''[[Sant'Antonio da Padova di Perugia|Sant'Antonio da Padova]]''. * Kirk o ''Santa Giuliana'', heir o a female monastery foondit in 1253. In its later years, the kirk gained a reputation for dissoluteness. Later, the French turned the kirk intae a granary. Nou, the kirk is a militar hospital. The kirk, wi a single nave, anerly bears traces o 13t century frescoes, which probably uised tae kiver aw o the waws. The closter is a notewirthy ensaumple o mid-14t century Cistercian airchitectur frae {{Ill|it|Matteo Gattaponi}}. The upper pairt o the ''[[campanile]]'' is frae the 13t century. * The [[Knichts Templar|Templar]] kirk o ''[[San Bevignate]]''. === Secular biggins === * The [[Palazzo dei Priori]] (Toun Haw, encompassin the [[Collegio del Cambio]], Collegio della Mercanzia, an Galleria Nazionale), ane o Italy's greatest biggins.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121102174323/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4990695.html A short break in Perugia] The Independent - London, June 6, 1999</ref> The Collegio del Cambio haes frescoes bi [[Pietro Perugino]], while the Collegio della Mercanzia haes a feene later 14t century firthen interior. ** [[Galleria Nazionale dell'Umbria]], the Naitional Gallery o Umbrie airt in Middle Ages an Renaissance (it includes wirks bi Duccio, [[Piero della Francesca]], [[Beato Angelico]], [[Perugino]]) * ''[[Fontana Maggiore]]'', a medieval foontain designed bi Fra Bevignate an sculptit bi [[Nicola Pisano|Nicola]] an [[Giovanni Pisano]]. * Chapel o ''San Severo'', which reteens a fresco pentit bi [[Raphael]]<ref name="severo">"...some studies for the figure of St. John the Martyr which Raphael used in 1505 in his great fresco in the Church of San Severo at Perugia." ([[s:The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci/X|The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (X)]]</ref> an [[Perugino]]. * the ''Rocca Paolina'', a Renaissance fortress (1540–1543) o which anerly a bastion the day is remainin. The oreeginal design wis bi [[Antonio da Sangallo the Younger|Antonio]] an [[Bastiano da Sangallo|Aristotile da Sangallo]], an includit the ''Porta Marzia'' (3rd century BC), the touer o [[Gentile Baglioni]]'s hoose an a medieval cellar. * [[Orto Botanico dell'Università di Perugia]], the varsity's [[botanical garden]] === Antiquities === [[File:Perugia Arco Etrusco.jpg|thumb|Etruscan Airch]] * the ''[[Ipogeo dei Volumni]]'' (Hypogeum o the Volumnus faimily), an Etruscan chamber tomb * an Etruscan Well (''Pozzo Etrusco''). * Naitional Museum o Umbrie Airchaeologie, whaur ane o the langest inscription in [[Etruscan leid|Etruscan]] is conservit, the sae-cried ''[[Cippus perusinus]]''. * [[Etruscan Airch]] (kent as ''Porta Augusta'' an aw), a Etruscan gate wi Roman elements. === Modren airchitectur === * ''Centro Direzionale'' (1982–1986), a admeenistration ceevic centre awned bi the Umbrie Region. The biggin wis designed bi the Pritzker Airchitectur prizewinner [[Aldo Rossi]].<ref>The Centro Direzionale is mentioned in the [http://www.pritzkerprize.com/rossi.htm Aldo Rossi personal page at the Pritzker Prize official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070523193256/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/rossi.htm |date=2007-05-23 }}</ref> === Airt === [[File:Autoportrait perugino.jpg|thumb|[[Pietro Perugino]], ''sel-portrait'']] Perugia haes haed a rich tradeetion o airt an airtists. The [[Heich Renaissance]] penter Pietro Perugino creatit some o his maisterpieces in the Perugia aurie. The ither Heich Resaissance maister [[Raphael]] wis active in Perugia an an an pentit his famous [[Oddi Altar (Raphael)|Oddi Altar]] thare in 1502-04. The day, the [[Galleria Nazionale dell'Umbria]] in Perugia hooses a nummer o masterpieces, includin the ''[[:en:Madonna with Child and six Angels (Duccio)|Madonna wi Bairn an sax Angels]]'', which represents the [[Renaissance]] [[Roman Catholic Marian airt|Marian airt]] o [[Duccio]]. An the private [[Airt Collection o the Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Perugia]] haes twa separate locations. The [[Collegio del Cambio]] is an extremely well preservit representation o a Renaissance biggin an hooses a magnificent Pietro Perugino fresco.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://travel.nytimes.com/travel/guides/europe/italy/tuscany-and-umbria/perugia/attraction-detail.html?vid=1154654613337 |title=NY Times |publisher=Travel.nytimes.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref> The newly re-opened Academy o Fine Airts haes a smaw but impressive plaster casts gallery an Perugie pentins an drawins frae the 16t century on.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://inperugia.com/tourist-attractions/academy-of-fine-arts-of-perugia/ |title=The Academy of Fine Arts of Perugia |publisher=inperugia.com |date= |accessdate=2013-01-20 |archive-date=2013-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018065452/http://inperugia.com/tourist-attractions/academy-of-fine-arts-of-perugia/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Cultur == * The [[Umbria Jazz Festival]] is ane o the maist important venues for Jazz in Europe an haes been held annually syne 1973, uisually in Julie. * Sagra Musicale Umbra<ref>The Umbrie muisical event is hostit in Perugia syne the end o Warld War II [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F30B16FA385A117A93CAA8178BD95F478585F9 NYT, October 18, 1953]</ref> * The [[International Journalism Festival]] (''Festival del Giornalismo''). * [[Eurochocolate]], uisually in October each year. :{| class=wikitable |- style="font-size:87%" |[[File:A street jazz band in Perugia.jpg|165px]]<br/>&nbsp; Umbria Jazz Festival 2008 |[[File:Teatro Pavone.jpg|189px]]<br/>&nbsp; International Journalism Festival 2009 |[[File:Eurochocolate 2008.jpg|188px]]<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; Eurochocolate 2008 |} == Sport == [[File:Stadio Renato Curi Perugia Curva Nord.JPG|thumb|right|200px|[[A.C. Perugia Calcio]] play at the 28,000-seater [[Stadio Renato Curi]].]] [[A.C. Perugia Calcio]] are the main fitbaa club in the ceety, currently playin in the third-tier [[Lega Pro Prima Divisione]], Group B. The club play at the 28,000-seater [[Stadio Renato Curi]], namit efter a umwhile player who dee'd durin a match. Frae 1983 tae 2001, the stadium held fower matches for the [[Italy naitional fitbaa team]].<ref>http://eu-football.info/_venue.php?id=826</ref> == Transport == [[File:Minimetrò primopiano.jpg|thumb|[[Minimetrò]]]] A electric tramwey operatit in Perugia frae 1901 till 1940. It wis decommissioned in favour o buses, an syne 1943 trolley buses – the latter wur in service till 1975. Twa elevators wur established syne 1971: * Mercato Coperto (Pairkin) – Terrazza Mercato Coperto * Galleria Kennedy – Mercato Coperto (Pincetto) This wis follaeed bi public escalators: * Rocca Paolina: Piazza Partigiani - Piazza Italia (1983) * Cupa-Pellini: Piazzale della Cupa - Via dei Priori (1989) * Piazzale Europa - Piazzale Bellucci (1993) * Piazzale Bellucci - Corso Cavour (1993) * Minimetrò: Pincetto - Piazza Matteotti (2008) Syne 1971 Perugia haes taken several measures against caur traffec, when the first traffec restriction zone wis implementit. Thir zones wur expandit ower time an at certaint oors o the day drivin is forbidden in the ceety centre. Lairge pairkin lots are providit in the lawer toun, frae whaur the ceety can be reached via public transport. Syne 2008, an [[automatit fowk muiver]] cried [[Minimetrò]] haes been in operation an aw. It haes seiven stations, wi ane terminal at a lairge pairkin lot, an the ither in the ceety centre.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.urbanrail.net/eu/per/perugia.htm |title=Perugia MiniMetro on |publisher=Urbanrail.net |date=2008-01-29 |accessdate=2010-04-20 |archive-date=2010-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409022959/http://www.urbanrail.net/eu/per/perugia.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Perugia Stazione S.Anna.jpg|thumb|Santa Anna [[railwey]] station.]] [[Perugia railwey station]], kent as Perugia Fontivegge an aw, wis opened in 1866. It forms pairt o the [[Foligno–Terontola railway]], which links [[Firenze Santa Maria Novella railwey station|Florence]] wi [[Roma Termini railwey station|Roum]] an aw. The station is situatit at Piazza [[Vittorio Veneto]], in the hivily populatit destrict o Fontivegge, aboot {{convert|3|km}} soothwast o the ceety centre. [[Perugia San Francesco d'Assisi – Umbria Internaitional Airport]] is locatit {{convert|12|km}} ootside the ceety. ==Internaitional relations== ===Twin touns — Sister ceeties=== {{See also|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Italy}} Perugia haes [[toun twinnin|twin]] an sister ceety greements wi the follaein ceeties:<ref>[http://www.comune.perugia.it/news.asp?idcat=55 Perugia Official site - Relazioni Internazionali] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215042936/http://www.comune.perugia.it/news.asp?idcat=55 |date=2012-02-15 }} {{It}}</ref> *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Aix-en-Provence]], [[Fraunce]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aix-jumelages.com/ |title=Association of twinnings and international relations of Aix-en-Provence |publisher=Aix-jumelages.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref><ref>[http://www.mairie-aixenprovence.fr/article.php3?id_article=2981 Mairie of Aix-en-Provence - Twinnings and partnerships] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113162049/http://www.mairie-aixenprovence.fr/article.php3?id_article=2981 |date=2009-01-13 }}</ref> *{{flagicon|SVK}} [[Bratislava]], [[Slovakie]], syne 1962<ref name="Bratislava twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.bratislava-city.sk/bratislava-twin-towns|title=Partner (Twin) towns of Bratislava|accessdate=2013-08-05|work=Bratislava-City.sk|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728183628/http://www.bratislava-city.sk/bratislava-twin-towns|archivedate=2013-07-28|url-status=live}}</ref> *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Grand Rapids]], [[Unitit States]] *{{flagicon|GER}} [[Potsdam]], [[Germany]]<ref name="Potsdam twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.potsdam.de/cms/ziel/27222/DE/|title=Die Partnerstädte der Landeshauptstadt Potsdam|work=www.potsdam.de|accessdate=24 June 2010|language=German|archive-date=2016-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806105813/http://www.potsdam.de/cms/ziel/27222/de/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Seattle]], [[Unitit States]] *{{flagicon|GER}} [[Tübingen]], [[Germany]] == See an aw == * [[A.C. Perugia Calcio|Perugia]] - local fitbaa club * [[Varrsity o Perugia]] * [[Varsity for Foreigners Perugia]] == Notes == {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} == References == *{{Cite book | first=Giancarlo | last=Conestabile della Staffa | title=I Monumenti di Perugia etrusca e romana | publisher= | location=Perugia | year=1855 }} *{{Cite book|first=Romeo Adriano |last=Gallenga Stuart |title=Perugia| publisher= Istituto italiano d'arti grafiche Editore |location=Bergamo|year=1905}} *{{Cite book|first=William |last=Heywood|title=A history of Perugia|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofperugia00heywuoft | publisher= Methuen & Co|location=London|year=1910}} *{{Cite book|first=Francesco Federico|last=Mancini|coauthors=Giovanna Casagrande|title=Perugia - guida storico-artistica|location=Perugia|publisher=Italcards|isbn= 88-7193-746-5}} *{{Cite book|first=Sarah |last=Rubin Blanshei|title=Perugia, 1260-1340: Conflict and Change in a Medieval Italian Urban Society| publisher= American Philosophical Society |location=Philadelphia|year=1976|isbn=0-87169-662-2}} *{{Cite book|first=Raffaele |last=Rossi|coauthors= and others|title=Perugia| publisher= Elio Sellino Editore|location=Milan|year= 1993|isbn= 88-236-0051-0}} *{{Cite book|first=Margaret |last=Symonds |coauthors=Lina Duff Gordon|title=The Story of Perugia|url=https://archive.org/details/storyperugiaill00jamegoog | publisher=J.M. Dent & Co | location=London|year=1898|isbn=0-8115-0865-X}} *{{Cite book|first=Maria Rita |last=Zappelli|editor=Zachary Nowak|title=Home Street Home: Perugia’s History Told Through its Streets| publisher=Morlacchi Editore | location=Perugia|year=2013|isbn=978-88-6074-548-4}} ==Further readin== * {{citation |series =Mediaeval Towns |oclc=150311124 |location=London |publisher=[[J. M. Dent|J.M. Dent & Co.]] |author=Margaret Symonds |title= Perugia |year=1912 |url= http://archive.org/stream/storyofperugi00symo#page/n9/mode/2up }} == Freemit airtins == <!-- links to official and standard-reference sites only please. --> {{Commons category|Perugia}} *{{Official website|http://www.comune.perugia.it/ }} {{It icon}} * [http://tourism.comune.perugia.it/ Offeecial Perugia Tourism Wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070517223939/http://tourism.comune.perugia.it/ |date=2007-05-17 }} {{en icon}} {{de icon}} {{It icon}} *{{Wikivoyage-inline}} <!-- links to official and standard-reference sites only please. --> {{Province o Perugia}} {{Regional Caipitals o Italy}} [[Category:Perugia| ]] [[Category:Baroque steids o Umbrie]] [[Category:Etruscan steids]] [[Category:Hilltouns in Umbrie]] [[Category:Renaissance steids in Umbrie]] [[Category:Roman steids o Umbrie]] 46gfawmhos5zkx8283t3lt62hzwigk9 0 66684 918482 898045 2026-06-20T09:51:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox company | name = Televisa | logo = Logotipo de Televisa.svg | caption = The 2016-present logo | type = [[S.A. (corporation)|Sociedad Anónima Bursátil]] | traded_as = {{BMV|TLEVISA}}<br>{{nyse|TV}} | genre = | fate = | predecessor = [[Telesistema Mexicano]] | successor = | foundation = 1955 (as '''Telesistema Mexicano''')<br/>January 1st, 1973 (as '''Televisa''') | founder = [[Emilio Azcárraga Vidaurreta]] | defunct = | location_city = | location_country = | location = [[Mexico Ceety]], [[Mexico]] | locations = | area_served = | key_people = [[Emilio Azcárraga Jean]],<br>[[Bernardo Gómez Martínez]],<br>[[Alfonso de Angoitia]],<br>[[José Bastón Patiño]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.televisa.com/ejecutivos/index.php|title=Televisa: Corporativo: Ejecutivos |accessdate=August 30, 2013}}</ref> | industry = [[Mass media]] | products = Broadcastin, cable TV, radio, publishin, Internet | services = | revenue = {{increase}} [[Unitit States dollar|US$]] 5.3 billion <small>(2012)</small> | operating_income = | net_income = {{increase}} [[US$]] 672.7 million <small>(2012)</small> | aum = | assets = | equity = | owner = Grupo Televisa, S.A.B. | num_employees = 24,362 | parent = Grupo Televisa, S.A.B. | divisions = | subsid = | homepage = {{URL|http://www.televisa.com}} http://www.maktv.gr/ | footnotes = | intl = yes }} [[File:Logotipo de Televisa (1973-1980).png|thumbnail]] [[File:TELEVISA CHAPULTEPEC.jpg|thumbnail]] [[File:TelevisaBldgDF.JPG|thumbnail]] '''Grupo Televisa, S.A.B.''' is a [[Mexico|Mexican]] multimedia [[mass media]] company, efter [[Organizações Globo]] is the lairgest in [[Laitin Americae]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://latercera.com/noticia/negocios/2011/04/655-358540-9-televisa-bajo-41-sus-ganancias-en-el-primer-trimestre-de-2011.shtml |title=Diario La Tercera (Argentina) "Televisa baja sus ganancias en primer trimestre de 2011" |publisher=Latercera.com |date=2011-04-15 |accessdate=2011-11-05 |archive-date=2013-01-03 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103234818/http://www.latercera.com/noticia/negocios/2011/04/655-358540-9-televisa-bajo-41-sus-ganancias-en-el-primer-trimestre-de-2011.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.maned.com/news/pressreleases/120309 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-01-17 |archive-date=2020-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721140457/https://maned.com/news/pressreleases/120309 |url-status=dead }}</ref> an the first o Spaingie-speakin warld.<ref>[http://www.snellwilcox.com/news_events/press_releases/203 Putting Pictures to Work] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214054201/http://www.snellwilcox.com/news_events/press_releases/203 |date=2007-12-14 }} &ndash; [[Snell & Wilcox]]</ref> It is a major internaitional enterteenment business, wi hintle o its programmin airin in the Unitit States on [[Univision]], wi which it haes a exclusive contract. ==References== {{reflist|30em}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commons category|Grupo Televisa}} * {{es icon}} [http://www.televisa.com Televisa wabsteid] * {{es icon}} [http://www2.esmas.com/ Esmas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150603050010/http://www2.esmas.com/ |date=2015-06-03 }}, Televisa's Internet portal * {{es icon}} [http://www.novelalounge.com/ NovelaLounge], News on upcomin Televisa telenovelas [[Category:Televisa| ]] [[Category:Companies established in 1955]] [[Category:Companies based in Mexico Ceety]] [[Category:Companies leetit on the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores]] [[Category:Companies leetit on the New York Stock Exchynge]] [[Category:Televeesion broadcastin companies o Mexico]] [[Category:Conglomerate companies o Mexico]] 2yd3ow08s70r3vzstpcylnzrk8pf75t 0 69206 918403 885291 2026-06-19T23:38:14Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918403 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oiartzun''' is a toun o the [[Basque Kintra (autonomous commonty)|Basque Kintra]] locatit in the province o [[Gipuzkoa]] ([[Spain]]) leein at the fuit o the massif [[Aiako Harria]]. The name traces back tae the Oiasso or Oiarso o the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] period, a important toun dedicatit tae minin an marine activities. Housomeivver, it haes been pinpointit actually in the current border toun o [[Irun]], so the name mey hae referred tae the whole aurie. [[File:San Esteban plazatik Oiartzun.jpg|thumb|left|240px|Oiartzun]] A [[Oiartzun (river)|river bearin the same name]] meanders throu the meadaes an neebourheids o this spairse municipality. That is actually ane o its main featurs, it is scattered in different quairters athort the valley. Elizalde lees on a prominence an it is the central nucleus o the toun, wi the main kirk San Esteban an toun haw bein locatit thare. At the fuit o Elizalde lees Altzibar bi the Oiartzun River. Ugaldetxo developit intae a urban built-up aurie surroondit bi industrial estates near the AP-8 motorwey, while the rest o the neebourheids hae hung ontae their landwart an picturesque landscape tae a muckle extent. [[Alfonso VIII of Castile]] chairtered it as toun but it teuk some decades afore its unthirldom frae [[Errenteria|Orereta]] wis total. == Twinnins == *[[Image:Flag of France.svg|20px]] [[Carhaix]] in [[Fraunce]]. ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.irun.org/oiasso/home.aspx?tabid=317 Roman Museum o Oiasso] (Basque, Spaingie, Inglis an French) *[http://www.oiartzun.eus/ Toun Haw offeecial steid] (Basque an Spaingie) * [http://www.gipuzkoa.net/oiartzun Guispuscoa Govrenment steid: Oiartzun]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070417054943/http://www.gipuzkoa.net/oiartzun/ |date=2007-04-17 }} (Basque an Spaingie) * [http://www.euskomedia.org/aunamendi/99165 OIARTZUN in the Bernardo Estornés Lasa - Auñamendi Encyclopedia (Euskomedia Fundazioa)] Information available in [[Spaingie leid|Spaingie]] {{Municipalities in Gipuzkoa}} {{coord|43|17|57|N|1|51|28|W|display=title|region:ES_type:city_source:dewiki}} [[Category:Municipalities in Gipuzkoa]] [[Category:Populatit places in Gipuzkoa]] 7guj8ggrwu5evvzu8dhs610dalsm4vc 0 69720 918501 885911 2026-06-20T11:38:27Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox university |name = Varsity o Tartu |native_name = Tartu Ülikool |image_name = Tartu asv2022-04 img21 University main building.jpg |caption = |latin_name = Universitas Tartuensis |motto = |mottoeng = |established = 1632 <small>(closed 1710–1802)</small> |closed = |type = [[Public varsity|Public]] |endowment = |rector = [[Toomas Asser]] |faculty = 1,700 |staff = 1,800 |students = 18,000 <small>(2011)</small> |undergrad = |postgrad = |doctoral = 1,400 |other = |city = [[Tartu]] |province = |country = {{flagicon|Estonia}} [[Estonie]] |coor = {{Coord|58|22|52|N|26|43|13|E|type:edu}} |campus = [[urban aurie|Urban]] |former_names = Academia Gustaviana, <br/>Varsity o Dorpat/Yuryev, <br/>Tartu State Varsity |free_label = |free = |sports = |colours = blue, white |nickname = UT |mascot = |affiliations = CBUR, [[European Varsity Association|EUA]],<br /> [[Coimbra Group]], <br/> [[Utrecht Network]] , <br/> [[Atomium Culture]] |website = [http://www.ut.ee www.ut.ee] |logo = |footnotes = }} [[File:Drone video of University of Tartu (Estonia) in December 2021.webm|thumb|Varsity o Tartu 2021]] The '''Varsity o Tartu''' ({{lang-et|Tartu Ülikool}}, {{lang-la|Universitas Tartuensis}}) is a classical [[varsity]] in the ceety o [[Tartu]], [[Estonie]]. Varsity o Tartu is the naitional varsity o Estonie;<ref>As stipulated by the § 2 (1) of the University of Tartu Act. http://www.legaltext.ee/et/andmebaas/tekst.asp?dok=X70009K2&keel=en {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127121145/http://www.legaltext.ee/et/andmebaas/tekst.asp?dok=X70009K2&keel=en |date=2022-01-27 }}</ref> it is the biggest an heichest-ranked varsity in Estonie. The Varsity o Tartu is a member o the [[Coimbra Group]] an the [[Utrecht Network]], an wis established bi King [[Gustavus Adolphus o Swaden]] in 1632, thus bein ane o the auldest varsities in [[Northren Europe]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Coord|58|22|52|N|26|43|13|E|type:landmark_region:EE|display=title}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Varsity O Tartu}} [[Category:1630s establishments|Tartu, Varsity o]] [[Category:Coimbra Group|Tartu, Varsity o]] [[Category:17t-century establishments]] 4gsoc3aavkasaaltj6q205dh3rq7w01 0 70019 918359 904361 2026-06-19T14:49:20Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder |name = León Febres-Cordero |image = León Febres Cordero.jpg |caption = Febres-Cordero in 1985 |order = |office = [[Preses o Ecuador]] |term_start = 10 August 1984 |term_end = 10 August 1988 |office2 = Mayor o [[Guayaquil]] |term_start2 = August 10, 1992 |term_end2 = August 10, 2000 |predecessor2 = [[Harry Soria Lamán]] |successor2 = [[Jaime Nebot]] |vicepresident = |viceprimeminister = |deputy = |lieutenant = |monarch = |president = |primeminister = |taoiseach = |chancellor = |governor = |governor-general = |governor_general = |succeeding = <!--For President-elect or equivalent--> |predecessor = [[Osvaldo Hurtado]] |successor = [[Rodrigo Borja Cevallos]] |birth_date = {{birth date|1931|3|9|df=y}} |birth_place = [[Guayaquil]], [[Ecuador]] |death_date = {{death date and age|2008|12|15|1931|3|9|df=y}} |death_place =[[Guayaquil]], Ecuador |restingplace = Parques de la Paz, Guayaquil |restingplacecoordinates = |signature = Firma de León Febres-Cordero Ribadeneyra.jpg |nationality = |party = [[Social Christian Pairty (Ecuador)|Social Christian Pairty]] |otherparty = <!--For additional political affiliations--> |spouse = |partner = <!--For those with a domestic partner and not married--> |relations = |children = |residence = |alma_mater = |occupation = |profession = |cabinet = |committees = |portfolio = |religion = |signature = Firma de León Febres-Cordero Ribadeneyra.jpg |website = }} '''León Esteban Febres-Cordero Ribadeneyra''' ([[9 Mairch]] [[1931]] – [[15 December]] [[2008]]) wis an [[Ecuador]]ian politician. He wis kent in the Ecuadorian media as '''LFC''' or bi his surname (Febres-Cordero). He wis [[Preses o Ecuador]] o [[Ecuador]] faer a four-year term frae 10 August 1984 tae 10 August 1988. Cordero dee'd on 15 December 2008 in Guayaquil, Ecuador frae lung cancer an [[emphysema]], agit 77.<ref>''[[New York Times]]'', 16 November 2008, [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/16/world/americas/16iht-17cordero.18737122.html Febres Cordero, giant of Ecuador politics, is dead]</ref><ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/3795908/Leon-Febres-Cordero.html León Febres Cordero obituary] at The [[Telegraph]].com</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==Ither wabsteids== {{commonscat-inline|León Febres-Cordero Ribadeneyra}} * [http://www.laplegariadeunpagano.com/2008/12/leon-febres-cordero-guayaquil-te-ama.html Conmemorial video]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219091726/http://www.laplegariadeunpagano.com/2008/12/leon-febres-cordero-guayaquil-te-ama.html |date=2012-02-19 }} * [http://www.presidencia.gov.ec/modulos.asp?id=28/ Official Website of the Ecuadorian Government about the country President's History]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.edufuturo.com/educacion.php?c=1545/ Edufuturo] * [http://asiapacific.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAMR280021996?open&of=ENG-2AM/ Amnesty International]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cordero, Leon Febres}} [[Category:1931 births]] [[Category:2008 daiths]] [[Category:Daiths frae buff cancer]] [[Category:Daiths frae emphysema]] [[Category:Preses o Ecuador]] [[Category:Fowk frae Guayaquil]] 8gc8r02238w353g4z5lqj6gksl9yabf 0 70598 918495 917919 2026-06-20T11:11:02Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918495 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox stadium | stadium_name = Türk Telekom Arena | nickname = Arena, Aslantepe | logo_image = | logo_caption = | image = [[File:Turktelekomarena tr-aze.jpg|300px]] '''[[UEFA Elite stadium|UEFA]]''' [[Image:Nuvola apps mozilla.png|15px]][[Image:Nuvola apps mozilla.png|15px]][[Image:Nuvola apps mozilla.png|15px]][[Image:Nuvola apps mozilla.png|15px]][[Image:Nuvola apps mozilla.png|15px]] | fullname = [[Ali Sami Yen]] Spor Kompleksi <br /> Türk Telekom Arena | former_names = | location = [[Şişli]], [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]] | coordinates = {{coord|41|6|10.33|N|28|59|25.51|E|display=inline,title}} | broke_ground = 13 December 2007 | home team = [[Galatasaray S.K.]] | built = 2007-2011 | opened = {{Start date and years ago|2011|1|15|df=yes}} | owner = [[Galatasaray SK]] | operator = [[Galatasaray SK]] | surface = [[Gress]] | scoreboard = 2 x 80m² <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glass-screen.net/uygulamalar.asp?ID=30 |title=http://www.glass-screen.net |access-date=2014-03-20 |archive-date=2014-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011192419/http://www.glass-screen.net/uygulamalar.asp?ID=30 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | construction_cost =[[Unitit States dollar|$]]250 million<br>(${{formatprice|{{Inflation|US|250000000|2011}}}} in {{CURRENTYEAR}} dollars{{inflation-fn|US}}) <ref>[http://www.objektifhaber.com/Ekonomi/36801-Ali-Sami-Yen-icin-461-milyon-TL-.html Objektif haber]{{Dead link|date=November 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.finansgundem.com/haber/oku/gundem/27028/ali_sami_yenin_sahibi_kim_oldu/print/print |title=Finans Gündem |access-date=2014-03-20 |archive-date=2011-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711002319/http://www.finansgundem.com/haber/oku/gundem/27028/ali_sami_yenin_sahibi_kim_oldu/print/print |url-status=dead }}</ref> | architect = 'asp' architekten Stuttgart<ref>[http://www.asp-stuttgart.de/ asp stuttgart]</ref> | project_manager = | structural engineer = İz Mühendislik<br>Yüksel Proje<br>[[Schlaich Bergermann & Partner]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://v2.arkiv.com.tr/p11020-turk-telekom-arena.html |title=arkiv |access-date=2014-03-20 |archive-date=2016-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923160305/http://v2.arkiv.com.tr/p11020-turk-telekom-arena.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | services engineer = OBERMEYER: Planungsgesellschaft<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.opb.de/ |title=www.opb.de/ |access-date=2014-03-20 |archive-date=2016-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818022915/http://www.opb.de/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | general_contractor = | main_contractors = Varyap-Uzunlar | seating_capacity = 52,652 ([[aw-seater stadium|aw-seater]])<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.galatasaray.org/turktelekomarena/pages/kombine_satislari.php |title=Galatasaray.org |access-date=2014-03-20 |archive-date=2013-01-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127222811/http://www.galatasaray.org/turktelekomarena/pages/kombine_satislari.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> <br /> 70,000 (concerts) | dimensions = 105 × 68 m | Suites = 198<ref name="Rekor ve gurur">[http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/spor/futbol/20817055.asp Rekor ve gurur]</ref> | record_attendance = {{formatnum: 52044}} ([[Galatasaray SK|Galatasaray]]-[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]],9 April 2013) | acreage = 40,000 m² | volume = 190,000m² <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://v2.arkiv.com.tr/p11020-turk-telekom-arena.html |title=arkitera |access-date=2014-03-20 |archive-date=2016-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923160305/http://v2.arkiv.com.tr/p11020-turk-telekom-arena.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | website = {{URL|http://www.turktelekomarena.com.tr}} }} '''Ali Sami Yen Spor Kompleksi - Türk Telekom Arena''' is a [[multi-purpose stadium]] in the [[Şişli]] destrict o [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]]. It is the new home grund for [[Galatasaray S.K.]], replacin the auld [[Ali Sami Yen Stadium]]. The [[aw-seater stadium]] haes the capacity tae host 52,652 spectators durin fitbaa gemmes. On Mairch 18, 2011, it recordit 131.76 decibels which is considered tae be the warld record for 'loudest crowd roar at a sport stadium' in [[Guinness Warld Records]]<ref name="GWR">{{Cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.de/world-records/1/loudest-crowd-roar-at-a-sports-stadium |title=Guinness World Record Official Website |access-date=2014-03-20 |archive-date=2016-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822205000/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.de/world-records/1/loudest-crowd-roar-at-a-sports-stadium |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Galatasaray WR">{{Cite web |url=http://www.galatasaray.org/kulup/haber/9599.php |title=Galatasaray Official Website |access-date=2014-03-20 |archive-date=2011-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320225941/http://www.galatasaray.org/kulup/haber/9599.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="TP">{{Cite web |url=http://i52.tinypic.com/9u2l1l.jpg |title=dB Record |access-date=2012-07-16 |archive-date=2012-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120926223642/http://i52.tinypic.com/9u2l1l.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref> (altho it wis broken on September 15, 2013 in an [[Naitional Fitbaa League|NFL]] [[American fitbaa]] gemme that reached 136.6 decibels<ref name="CLink">{{Cite web |url=http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2013/09/centurylink-is-guinness-world-records-loudest-stadium/#.UjZt74b3TQE.facebook |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-03-20 |archive-date=2014-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140711044746/http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2013/09/centurylink-is-guinness-world-records-loudest-stadium/#.UjZt74b3TQE.facebook |url-status=dead }}</ref>). ==References== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Turk Telekom Arena}} [[Category:Fitbaa venues in Turkey]] [[Category:Galatasaray S.K. facilities]] [[Category:Sports venues in Istanbul]] [[Category:Multi-purpose stadiums in Turkey]] [[Category:Heich-tech airchitectur]] [[Category:Şişli]] [[Category:Sports venues completit in 2011]] [[Category:Muisic venues in Istanbul]] qqmylnga8031sqc3mnyl5t5zlzkqy1n 0 70765 918390 885147 2026-06-19T22:28:27Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Japanese city | Name = Narita | JapaneseName = 成田市 | settlement_type = [[Ceeties o Japan|Ceety]] | Region = [[Kantō region|Kantō]] | Prefecture = [[Chiba Prefectur]] | ImageSkyline = Narita montage.jpg | ImageCaption = Top: Naritasan Shinsho Temple, Middle left: Narita Sky Access Line, Middle richt: Tosho Temple in Sogo aurie, Bottom left: Narita Internaitional Airport, Bottom richt: Narita Newtoun in Karabe aurie | MapImage = Narita in Chiba Prefecture Ja.svg | Area_km2 = 213.84 | Population = 126,235 | PopDate = 31 Mairch 2011 | Density_km2 = 590.33 | Coords = | coordinates = {{coord|35|47|N|140|19|E|region:JP|display=inline,title}} | Postal code = | Area code = | Mayor = Kazunari Koizumi | Tree = [[Ume]] | Flower = [[Hydrangea]] | Bird = | SymbolImage = Emblem of Narita, Chiba.svg | SymbolDescription = Flag | CityHallPostalCode = 286-8585 | CityHallAddress = 760 Hanasaki-cho, Narita-shi, Chiba-ken | CityHallPhone = 0476-22-1111 | CityHallLink = {{URL|www.city.narita.chiba.jp}} | CityMap = Chiba-narita-city.png | Elevation = }} {{nihongo|'''Narita'''|成田市|Narita-shi}} is a [[Ceeties o Japan|ceety]] locatit in [[Chiba Prefectur]], [[Japan]]. It is the steid o [[Narita Internaitional Airport]], the main internaitional airport serving the [[Greater Tokyo Aurie]]. As o 31 Mairch 2011, the ceety haes a estimatit [[population]] o 126,235, wi 54,021 [[hoosehauld]]s an a [[population density]] o 590.33 bodies per km². Its total aurie is 213.84&nbsp;km². ==Auries== [[File:Narita-city-office,japan.jpg|thumb|Ceety Office]] [[File:Narita Street in Japan.JPG|thumb|right|The street o [[Narita-san]] temple]] [[Image:Narita-gion-festival-1,Narita-city,Japan.jpg|thumb|right|Narita Gion Festival, ane o famous for festival in Chiba Prefectur, wi held on Julie]] ===Central Narita=== Central Narita is roughly defined as the aurie atween [[Narita Station]], [[Keisei Narita Station]] an the [[Narita-san]] Temple. The main road in central Narita is Omotesandō (表参道), which is lined wi aboot 150 smaw shops an haes been extensively renovatit in recent years. ===Narita New Toun=== Narita New Toun is a planned residential aurie tae the wast o [[Narita Station]]. It haes 16,000 hames wi a total population o 60,000. The aurie wis designed in 1968 based on the [[new toun]]s surroondin Lunnon in the UK, an nou hooses maist o the ceety's population. ===Kōzunomori=== {{nihongo|Kōzunomori|公津の杜}} is a suburban aurie o Narita locatit sooth o the New Toun, aboot 4 minutes by train frae Keisei Narita Station. It haes a population o aboot 12,000. The [[Kōzunomori Station]] is flankit bi a lairge [[Ito-Yokado]] depairtment store. ===Airport an ferm auries=== [[Narita Internaitional Airport]] is locatit on the east side o Narita in a historically agricultural aurie cried {{Nihongo|Sanrizuka|三里塚}}. The construction an later expansion o the airport led tae intense ceevil unrest amang Sanrizuka residents (see [[:en:Narita International Airport#History|Narita Internaitional Airport's history]]). Awtho laund expropriation an poorer fermin condeetions due tae the airport's construction hae caused Narita's fermin population tae drop twa-thirds frae pre-airport levels, the aurie immediately surroondin the airport remains lichtly populatit bi fermers. Some abandoned fermland is nou uised for [[gowf]] courses, while ither plots o laund hae become unoffeecial dumpin grunds for garbage. ===Industrial auries=== Thare are twa main industrial zones in Narita: {{nihongo|Nogedaira|野毛平}} an {{nihongo|Toyosumi|豊住}}. Baith zones wur laid oot in the 1960s tae tak advantage o Narita Airport an the ability tae quickly import an export guids bi air. An aircraft part repair plant operatit bi JAL ([[Japan Airlines]]) an [[Pratt & Whitney]], cried [[Japan Turbine Technologies]], is locatit in the Taiei industrial estate. ==History== [[File:Naritasan-Shinshoji-Temple.Great-Main-Hall.jpg|thumb|Main Haw o [[Narita-san]] temple]] The aurie around present-day Narita haes been inhabitit syne the [[Japanese Paleolithic]] period. Airchaeologists hae foond [[stane tuil]]s datin tae some 30,000 years ago on the steid o Narita Airport. Numerous [[shell midden]]s frae the [[Jōmon period]], an hunders o [[kofun|burial tumuli]] frae the [[Kofun period]] hae been foond in numerous locations aroond Narita. Place names in the vicinity o Narita appear in the [[Nara period]] ''[[Man'yōshū]]'' (awtho the name “Narita” does no appear in written records till 1408). As Narita is locatit roughly equidistant frae the [[Paceefic Ocean]] an [[Tokyo Bay]], aroond a nummer o smaw rivers, it wis a natural poleetical an commercial centre for the region, an gained importance as a pilgrimage destination wi the foondation o the notit Buddhist temple o [[Narita-san|Shinsho-ji]] in 940 AD. Durin the [[Heian period]], the aurie wis a centre for the revolt o [[Taira Masakado]]. Durin the [[Edo period]], the aurie continued tae prosper as pairt o the ''[[tenryō]]'' athin [[Shimōsa Province]] unner direct control o the [[Tokugawa shogunate]]. Efter the [[Meiji Restoration]], the aurie wis organisit as a toun unner [[Inba Destrict]] on 1 Apryle 1889. Portions o the toun wur destroyed bi [[Allees o Warld War II|Alleed]] [[Strategic bombin|air raid]]s in Februar an Mey 1945. On 31 Mairch 1954, Narita gained ceety status throu merger wi the neebourin veelages o Habu, Nakago, Kuzumi, Toyosumi, Toyama, an Kozu. Growthe in the aurie began in earnest in 1966, when Prime Meenister [[Eisaku Sato]] laid oot the plan for [[Narita Internaitional Airport]]. The development o the airport an accompanyin access tae central Tokyo led tae widespread residential, commercial an industrial development in the ceety. Housomeivver, construction o the airport wis widely opposed, an violent demonstrations occurred throu the end o the 1960s an early 1970s, which delayed the openin o the airport till 20 Mey 1978. On 27 Mairch 2006, the touns o [[Shimofusa, Chiba|Shimofusa]] an [[Taiei, Chiba|Taiei]] (baith frae [[Katori Destrict]]) wur mergit intae Narita. ==Climate== {{Weather box |location = Narita, Chiba (1981-2010) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = |Feb record high C = |Mar record high C = |Apr record high C = |May record high C = |Jun record high C = |Jul record high C = 38.7 |Aug record high C = |Sep record high C = |Oct record high C = |Nov record high C = |Dec record high C = |year record high C = 38.7 |Jan high C = 9.2 |Feb high C = 9.7 |Mar high C = 12.7 |Apr high C = 18.0 |May high C = 21.8 |Jun high C = 24.2 |Jul high C = 28.1 |Aug high C = 30.0 |Sep high C = 26.2 |Oct high C = 21.1 |Nov high C = 16.4 |Dec high C = 11.8 |year high C = 19.1 |Jan low C = -2.4 |Feb low C = -1.5 |Mar low C = 2.0 |Apr low C = 7.2 |May low C = 12.1 |Jun low C = 16.3 |Jul low C = 20.3 |Aug low C = 21.8 |Sep low C = 18.7 |Oct low C = 12.3 |Nov low C = 5.7 |Dec low C = 0.0 |year low C = 9.4 |Jan record low C = -10.7 |Feb record low C = |Mar record low C = |Apr record low C = |May record low C = |Jun record low C = |Jul record low C = |Aug record low C = |Sep record low C = |Oct record low C = |Nov record low C = |Dec record low C = |year record low C = |Jan precipitation mm = 61.8 |Feb precipitation mm = 62.9 |Mar precipitation mm = 115.6 |Apr precipitation mm = 116.6 |May precipitation mm = 119.6 |Jun precipitation mm = 144.9 |Jul precipitation mm = 123.2 |Aug precipitation mm = 117.2 |Sep precipitation mm = 214.8 |Oct precipitation mm = 202.1 |Nov precipitation mm = 99.8 |Dec precipitation mm = 50.7 |year precipitation mm = 1429.1 |source 1 = Narita Aviation Weather Service Center<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.jma-net.go.jp/narita-airport/kansoku/data/siryou/kikou.htm| title = 成田空港 1981-2010年 | accessdate = 2012-02-06 | publisher = 成田航空地方気象台 }}</ref> |date=February 2012 }} ==Tourist attractions== [[File:Tuna auction at Narita Wholesale Market.jpg|thumb|Tuna auction at Narita Wholesale Mercat]] * [[Narita-san|Narita-san Shinsho Temple]] * [[Shiseki Pairk]] * [[Chiba Prefectural Boso Fudoki-no-oka Museum]] * [[Narita Wholesale ercat]] ==Economy== Awtho Narita's economy wis historically focused on agricultur, the openin o [[Narita Internaitional Airport]] refocused the local economy on transportation, logistics an tourism. Maist o the airport property is locatit athin Narita Ceety, but mony airport hotels an airport-relatit logistics facilities are in the neebourin touns o Shibayama an Tomisato. [[Prologis]], [[FedEx Express]], [[Sagawa Express]] an several ither lairge logistics firms hae major shippin centres in the ceety. [[Nippon Cargo Airlines]] an [[Vanilla Air]] are heidquartered on airport property athin the ceety.<ref>"[http://www.vanilla-air.com/en/corporate/corporate-profile Corporate Profile]." () Vanilla Air. Retrieved on January 19, 2014. "Headquarters Narita International Airport 2PTB, Chiba, JAPAN" - [http://www.vanilla-air.com/corporate/corporate-profile Address in Japanese](): "成田国際空港 第2旅客ターミナル内" (Narita International Airport, inside Passenger Terminal 2)</ref><ref name="Englishprofile">"[http://www.nca.aero/e/profile/company/about/index.html Corporate Profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080628221310/http://www.nca.aero/e/profile/company/about/index.html |date=2008-06-28 }}." [[Nippon Cargo Airlines]]. Retrieved on February 17, 2012. "NARITA OFFICE NCA Line Maintenance Hangar Narita International Airport Narita-shi, Chiba 282-0011, Japan" and "TOKYO OFFICE : Onarimon Yusen Bldg. 11F 3-23-5 Nishi-Shimbashi Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0003, Japan"</ref> [[Spring Airlines Japan]] is heidquartered in the Kozunomori aurie o the ceety. [[JALways]] wis heidquartered in the JAL Operations Center at the airport afore mergin intae JAL in 2010.<ref>"[https://archive.today/20081219104422/http://www.jalways.co.jp/english/company/index.html Company Profile]" () JALways. Retrieved on December 12, 2009. "Registered Office 4-11, Higashi-Shinagawa 2-chome,Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan Head Office Japan Airlines Narita Operation Center 3F, Narita International Airport, Narita, Chiba,Japan 282-8610" [https://web.archive.org/web/20090830075357/http://www.jalways.co.jp/company/index.html Japanese address](): Registered office: "本店所在地 東京都品川区東品川2丁目4番11号" Headquarters: 〒282-8610 千葉県成田市成田国際空港内　日本航空成田オペレーションセンター3階."</ref> ==Education== ===Schuils=== Public elementar an junior heich schuils are operatit bi the ceety o Narita. The follaein public heich schuils are operatit bi the [[Chiba Prefectural Buird o Eddication]]. * Narita North Heich Schuil * Narita Seiryo Heich Schuil * Shimofusa Heich Schuil * Narita Internaitional Heich Schuil ===Public librars=== The Ceety o Narita operates the Narita Public Library. In addition each commonty centre includes a librar branch.<ref name=narita-city>{{cite web |url=http://www.city.narita.chiba.jp/english/information/c6_04.html |title=Libraries and Community Centers |publisher=City Narita, Chiba, Japan |accessdate=29 June 2011 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303195500/http://www.city.narita.chiba.jp/english/information/c6_04.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Commonty centres== Narita operates several commonty centres, includin the Central Commonty Centre an various ithers.<ref name=narita-city/> ==Transportation== ===Airport=== [[File:Narita International Airport, Terminal 1.JPG|thumb|[[Narita Internaitional Airport]] Terminal Ane]] *[[Narita Internaitional Airport]] provides domestic an internaitional services. ===Rail=== ''[[Narita Express]]'' trains an Keisei ''[[Skyliner]]'' trains connect Narita Airport tae central Tokyo. *[[JR East]]: [[Narita Line]] **{{ja-stalink|Narita}}–{{ja-stalink|Kuzumi}}–{{ja-stalink|Namegawa}} *JR East: [[Narita Line|Narita Abiko Line]] **{{ja-stalink|Narita}}–{{ja-stalink|Shimōsa-Manzaki}} *JR East: [[Narita Line|Narita Airport Line]] **{{ja-stalink|Narita}}–{{ja-stalink|Airport Terminal 2}}–{{ja-stalink|Narita Airport}} [[File:Kouzunomori Station.jpg|thumb|Keisei Kozunomori Station]] *[[Keisei Electric Railway]]: [[Keisei Main Line]] **{{ja-stalink|Kōzunomori}}–{{ja-stalink|Keisei Narita}}–{{ja-stalink|Airport Terminal 2}}–{{ja-stalink|Narita Airport}} *Keisei Electric Railway: [[Keisei Higashi-Narita Line]] ** {{ja-stalink|Keisei Narita}}–{{ja-stalink|Higashi-Narita}} ===Heich-gate=== The [[Higashi-Kanto Expresswey]] connects Narita tae Tokyo an Chiba Ceety. Chiba Kotsu an Narita Kuko Kotsu provide bus service throu the ceety. The Narita City Loop Bus, operatit bi baith companies, operates on twa circular routes aroond the ceety, stoppin in major commercial auries an at aw major hotels. *[[Higashi-Kantō Expresswey]] *[[Shin-Kūkō Expresswey]] *[[Ken-Ō Expresswey]] *[[Japan Naitional Route 51]] *[[Japan Naitional Route 295]] *[[Japan Naitional Route 296]] *[[Japan Naitional Route 356]] *[[Japan Naitional Route 408]] *[[Japan Naitional Route 409]] *[[Japan Naitional Route 464]] ==Sister ceeties== *{{flagicon|China}} [[Xianyang]], [[Shaanxi]], Cheenae, syne 14 September 1988 *{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Incheon]], Sooth Korea, syne 21 September 1998 *{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Jeongeup]], Sooth Korea, syne 29 Januar 2002 *{{Flagicon|USA}} [[San Bruno, Californie]], USA,<ref name="CGJSFSister">"[http://www.cgjsf.org/pdf/Local_Government.pdf Consolidation of Local Governments in Japan and Effects on Sister City Relationships] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019123532/http://www.cgjsf.org/pdf/Local_Government.pdf |date=2007-10-19 }}", ''Consulate General of Japan, San Francisco''</ref> syne 6 October 1990 *{{flagicon|Denmark}} [[Næstved]], Denmark, syne 14 Mairch 2003 *{{flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Foxton, New Zealand]], syne 1 Januar 1995 ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commons category|Narita, Chiba}} * [http://www.city.narita.chiba.jp Narita Ceety official website] {{ja icon}} * [http://www.city.narita.chiba.jp/english/index.html Narita City official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050209005253/http://www.city.narita.chiba.jp/english/index.html |date=2005-02-09 }} {{en icon}} * [http://www.mgnewman.com/narita/ Narita Layover Page] {{en icon}} * {{Wikivoyage-inline|Narita}} {{Chiba}} [[Category:Ceeties in Chiba Prefectur]] c41xbi73qsm4x0ge93rtaqyfd260dzd 0 70945 918384 885876 2026-06-19T22:19:05Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918384 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Naegok-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = {{linktext|내|곡|동}} | hanja = {{linktext|內|谷|洞}} | rr = Naegok-dong | mr = Naekok-tong | area_km2 = 12.69 | pop = 5964 | popyear = 2012 | popden_km2 = | popdennote = | divs = | map = Naegokdong seochogu.png |mapcaption = Naegok-dong athin Seocho-gu }} '''Naegok-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Seocho-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=732221&contentno=732221|title=내곡동 (Naegok-dong 內谷洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-19|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Seocho-gu">{{cite web |url=http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/vh/page.jsp?code=vhe050000000 |publisher=Seocho-gu official site |title=The status quo of Naegok-dong |4= |accessdate=2008-04-19 |language=Korean |archive-date=2013-02-21 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130221014445/http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/vh/page.jsp?code=vhe050000000 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Eddication == * Heich Schuils ** Daniel Heich Schuil * Elementar Schuils ** Naegok Elementar Schuil ** Eonnam Elementar Schuil == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://english.seocho.go.kr/ Seocho-gu offeecial wabsteid] *[http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/page.jsp?code=fea040000000 Seocho-gu map]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924100417/http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/page.jsp?code=fea040000000 |date=2015-09-24 }} at the Seocho-gu offeecial wabsteid *{{ko}} [http://naegok.seocho.go.kr/ The Naegok-dong Resident office] {{Seocho-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Seocho-gu]] 3zbj89ismfhscoa7y5age8mr4uyxhen 0 71384 918420 885550 2026-06-20T03:44:30Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipality]] an toun | official_name = Ponedera |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = Flag of Ponedera.svg |image_seal = Escudo de Ponedera.svg |image_map = Colombia - Atlántico - Ponedera.svg |mapsize = 200px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Ponedera in the Depairtment o Atlántico. |subdivision_type = [[Kintra]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Natural regions o Colombie|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name = [[Colombie]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Caribbean Region, Colombie|Caribbean]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Atlántico, Colombie|Atlántico]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = [[Alvarro Emilio Pacheco Sarmiento]] ([[Pairty o the U]])<ref>[http://www.registraduria.gov.co/reselec2007_esc/1028/x.html {{es icon}} National Registry of the Civil State: 2007 regional election results]</ref> |established_title = Foondation |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2005 |population_note = <ref>[http://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2005/regiones/atlantico/ponedera.pdf {{es icon}} DANE 2005 Census: Ponedera]</ref> |population_total = 18430 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = <br>[http://www.ponedera-atlantico.gov.co/sitio.shtml www.ponedera-atlantico.gov.co/sitio.shtml] |footnotes = }} '''Ponedera''' ({{IPA-es|poneˈðeɾa}}) is a municipality an toun in the [[Colombie]] [[Depairtments o Colombie|depairtment]] o [[Atlántico, Colombie|Atlántico]]. ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://www.atlantico.gov.co/municipios/ponedera.htm Gobernacion del Atlantico - Ponedera] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927183620/http://www.atlantico.gov.co/municipios/ponedera.htm |date=2007-09-27 }} *{{es icon}} [http://ponedera-atlantico.gov.co/nuestraalcaldia.shtml?apc=p-I1--&m=I&s=a Ponedera offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929043250/http://ponedera-atlantico.gov.co/nuestraalcaldia.shtml?apc=p-I1--&m=I&s=a |date=2007-09-29 }} {{Municipalities atlantico depairtment}} {{coord|10|39|N|74|45|W|region:CO_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}} [[Category:Municipalities o Atlántico, Colombie]] [[Category:Populatit places in Atlántico, Colombie]] 7podkj0ptph1q8cyiro8gl2h2a2yzit 0 72386 918424 885717 2026-06-20T04:13:43Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918424 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name = Puerto Escondido |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Colombia|Municipality]] an toun |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Córdoba - Puerto Escondido.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Puerto Escondido in the Córdoba Depairtment o Colombie. |pushpin_map = |pushpin_mapsize =300 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Colombie |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombie}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Córdoba, Colombie|Córdoba]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |coordinates = {{coord|9|1|9|N|76|15|41|W|display=inline}} |timezone = Colombie Staundart Time |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Puerto Escondido''' is a toun an municipality locatit in [[Córdoba, Colombie|Córdoba]], northren [[Colombie]]. ==References== *{{es icon}} [http://www.cordoba.gov.co/cordoba/puerto_escondido.html Gobernacion de Cordoba - Puerto Escondido]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *{{es icon}} [http://puertoescondido-cordoba.gov.co/sitio.shtml Puerto Escondido official website]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928212817/http://puertoescondido-cordoba.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2007-09-28 }} {{Municipalities cordoba depairtment}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Puerto Escondido, Cordoba}} [[Category:Populatit places in Córdoba, Colombie]] [[Category:Municipalities o Córdoba, Colombie]] il20sgf7kphmmg3nmfq59lsb08rtbb8 0 73893 918407 885893 2026-06-19T23:54:24Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Osoe-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = {{linktext|오|쇠|동}} | hanja = {{linktext|五|釗|洞}} | rr = Osoe-dong | mr = Osoe-tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Osoe-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Gangseo-gu, Seoul|Gangseo-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) managit bi its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Gonghang-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763924&contentno=763924|title=오쇠동 (Osoe-dong 五釗洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-19|language=Korean|6=}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Asiana Airlines]] maintains its heidquairters, Asiana Town, in Osoe-dong.<ref>"[http://flyasiana.com/english/ For foreigners residing in Korea]." [[Asiana Airlines]]. Retrieved on July 28, 2009.</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/english/index.html Gangseo-gu official website]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *{{ko}} [http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/portal/introduc/main4_map.jsp Gangseo-gu map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041030041347/http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/portal/introduc/main4_map.jsp |date=2004-10-30 }} at the Gangseo-gu offeecial wabsteid *{{ko}} [http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/dong/index.jsp Resident offices of Gangseo-gu]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202140208/http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/dong/index.jsp |date=2024-12-02 }} {{Gangseo-gu, Seoul}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Gangseo-gu, Seoul]] 54oiu6wqdbflj755j32lfy7fxqpq20f 0 73902 918402 885545 2026-06-19T23:36:14Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Ogok-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = {{linktext|오|곡|동}} | hanja = {{linktext|五|谷|洞}} | rr = Ogok-dong | mr = Ogok-tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Ogok-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Gangseo-gu, Seoul|Gangseo-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) managit bi its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Gonghang-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763923&contentno=763923|title=오곡동 (Ogok-dong 五谷洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-19|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/english/index.html Gangseo-gu offeecial wabsteid]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *{{ko}} [http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/portal/introduc/main4_map.jsp Gangseo-gu map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041030041347/http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/portal/introduc/main4_map.jsp |date=2004-10-30 }} at the Gangseo-gu offeecial wabsteid *{{ko}} [http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/dong/index.jsp Resident offices o Gangseo-gu]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202140208/http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/dong/index.jsp |date=2024-12-02 }} {{Gangseo-gu, Seoul}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Gangseo-gu, Seoul]] {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} iwg8cfmygllq114pkkr1thntk3zw63f 0 73909 918367 885575 2026-06-19T20:03:42Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918367 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Magok-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = {{linktext|마|곡|동}} | hanja = {{linktext|麻|谷|洞}} | rr = Magok-dong | mr = Magok-tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Magok-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Gangseo-gu, Seoul|Gangseo-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) managit bi its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Gayang-dong|Gayang 1-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763922&contentno=763922|title=마곡동 (Magok-dong 麻谷洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-19|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/english/index.html Gangseo-gu offeecial wabsteid]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *{{ko}} [http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/portal/introduc/main4_map.jsp Gangseo-gu map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041030041347/http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/portal/introduc/main4_map.jsp |date=2004-10-30 }} at the Gangseo-gu offeecial wabsteid *{{ko}} [http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/dong/index.jsp Resident offices o Gangseo-gu]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202140208/http://www.gangseo.seoul.kr/dong/index.jsp |date=2024-12-02 }} {{Gangseo-gu, Seoul}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Gangseo-gu, Seoul]] {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} laglw44g68bh7071iwpwao0eny2dcgv 0 74638 918361 885462 2026-06-19T14:53:05Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Partido Argentina |name= Lincoln |official name= Partido de Lincoln |coat of arms= Sin escudo.svg |map= Argentina - Buenos Aires - Lincoln.svg |location= location o in Buenos Aires Province |capital= [[Lincoln, Buenos Aires|Lincoln]] |foundation= 19 Julie 1865 |founder= |pop= 41,127 |density= 7.13 Inhabitants/km² |pop change= +1.32% (1991-2001) |resident= ''linqueño'' |tel= 02355 |post= B6070 |coor= {{coord|34|52|S|61|32|W}} |area= {{convert|2253|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}} |dist1= {{convert|320|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} |dist2= {{convert|395|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} || patron= |mayor= Jorge Abel Fernández, [[Partido Justicialista|PJ]] |web= http://www.lincoln.gov.ar |ifam= BUE071 }} The '''Partido de Lincoln''' is a [[partido]] o the [[Buenos Aires Province]] is locatit in the north-east o the province in central [[Argentinae]]. The provincial subdiveesion haes a population o aboot 41,000 inhabitants in a aurie o {{convert|2253|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}}, an its heid ceety is [[Lincoln, Buenos Aires|Lincoln]] which is locatit {{convert|320|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} frae Buenos Aires. ==Dounsets== * [[Arenaza]] * [[Balsa, Buenos Aires|Balsa]] * [[Bayauca]] * [[Bermúdez, Argentinae|Bermúdez]] * [[Carlos Salas]] * [[Coronel Martínez de Hoz]] * [[El Triunfo, Buenos Aires|El Triunfo]] * [[Fortín Vigilancia]] * [[Las Toscas, Buenos Aires|Las Toscas]] * '''[[Lincoln, Buenos Aires|Lincoln]]''' * [[Pasteur, Buenos Aires|Pasteur]] * [[Roberts, Buenos Aires|Roberts]] * [[Triunvirato]] ==Name== When the partido wis foondit in 1865, the name Lincoln wis chosen as a tribute tae the recently assassinatit [[Abraham Lincoln]], 16t [[Preses o the Unitit States]] (1861 tae 1865), an enactor o the [[Emancipation Proclamation]]. ==Economy== Lincoln's economy is dominatit bi agricultur. The main crops are wheat, corn, soy an sunflouer. The destrict is hame tae aroond 500,000 cous an responsible for 10% o Argentinae's honey production. ==Sports== Lincoln Partido is hame tae a nummer o fitbaa clubs, includin; * [[Club Rivadavia de Lincoln|Rivadavia]] * [[El Linqueño]] * [[Argentino de Lincoln]] * [[Juventud Unida de Lincoln]] * [[Atlético de Roberts]] * [[San Martín de Roberts]] * [[Deportivo de Arenaza]] * [[CASET de El Triunfo]] * [[Atlético Las Toscas]] * [[Independiente de Martínez de Hoz]] * [[Deportivo General Pinto]] * [[Pintense de General Pinto]] * [[Atlético de Pasteur]]. ==Fowk Festival== Pasteur in Lincoln Partido is hame tae ane o Argentinae's maist important fowk festivals, it taks place in Februar each year. ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://www.mininterior.gov.ar/municipales/busqueda/amplia_info.asp?ID=BUE071 Federal wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311035956/http://www.mininterior.gov.ar/municipales/busqueda/amplia_info.asp?ID=BUE071 |date=2007-03-11 }} *{{es icon}} [http://www.noroestebonaerense.com.ar/PARTIDOLINCOLN/PartidoLincoln/PartidoLincoln.htm Information about Lincoln Partido] *{{es icon}} [http://www.gob.gba.gov.ar/cdi/ Provincial Wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716231000/http://www.gob.gba.gov.ar/cdi/ |date=2012-07-16 }} {{Partidos o Buenos Aires Province}} [[Category:1865 establishments in Argentinae]] [[Category:Partidos o Buenos Aires Province]] [[Category:Lincoln, Buenos Aires]] rx3j4a9v28sfv2gd6y3ibx0m5p0qoli 0 75244 918465 885728 2026-06-20T08:02:18Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918465 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Sinwon-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = {{linktext|신|원|동}} | hanja = {{linktext|新|院|洞}} | rr = Sinwon-dong | mr = Sinwŏn-tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Sinwon-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Seocho-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Naegok-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763928&contentno=763928|title=신원동 (Sinwon-dong 新院洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-19|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://english.seocho.go.kr/ Seocho-gu offeecial wabsteid] *[http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/page.jsp?code=fea040000000 Seocho-gu map]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924100417/http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/page.jsp?code=fea040000000 |date=2015-09-24 }} at the Seocho-gu offeecial wabsteid *{{ko}} [http://Naegok.seocho.go.kr/ The Naegok-dong Resident office] {{Seocho-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Seocho-gu]] 5q4thlgfii20uu5kqnmbii0vs668jel 0 75311 918498 892472 2026-06-20T11:18:18Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Umyeon-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = {{linktext|우|면|동}} | hanja = {{linktext|牛|眠|洞}} | rr = Umyeon-dong | mr = Umyŏn-tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Umyeon-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Seocho-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동), [[Yangjae-dong|Yangjae 1-dong]]. The first syllable o the name is derivit frae Umyeonsan, or Mt. Umyeon due tae the geographical featur o the aurie haes the muntain.<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763930&contentno=763930|title=우면동 (Umyeon-dong 牛眠洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-19|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Munt Umyeon-san== The muntain peak o Umyeon-San is locatit approximately {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=on}} sooth o [[Seoul]], an aboot {{convert|5|km|mi|abbr=on}} northeast o [[Gwanaksan]]. Satelliteviews.net leets the peak elevation as "313",<ref>{{cite web|last=Geocode|first=Google Maps|title=Umyeon-san, South Korea|url=http://www.satelliteviews.net/cgi-bin/w.cgi?c=ks&UF=6402798&UN=6725257&DG=MT|work=SatelliteViews.net|publisher=Mountain|accessdate=31 July 2011}}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> while [[Google Earth]] shows the maximum elevation at {{convert|280|m|ft|abbr=on}}, athin a populatit aurie. ==Floods an landmines== Durin the [[2011 Seoul floods]], a landslide on a unstable slope o Munt Umyeon destroyed a apairtment row, killin 17 fowk an mey hae buriet aboot ten [[landmine]]s droppit on the muntainsides durin the [[Korean War]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Song|first=Sang-ho|title=Military searches for stray landmines|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/national/Detail.jsp?newsMLId=20110728000783|accessdate=31 July 2011|newspaper=The Korea Herald|date=July 28, 2011}}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Attraction== *[[:en:Chiwoo Craft Museum|Chiwoo Craft Museum]] == See an aw == *[[Yangjaecheon]] *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://english.seocho.go.kr/ Seocho-gu offeecial wabsteid] *[http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/page.jsp?code=fea040000000 Seocho-gu map]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924100417/http://www.seocho.go.kr/site/fe/page.jsp?code=fea040000000 |date=2015-09-24 }} at the Seocho-gu offeecial wabsteid *{{ko}} [http://yangjae1.seocho.go.kr/ The Yangjae 1-dong Resident office] {{Seocho-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Seocho-gu]] o2ssuid1ig6l2s8qo4rrlprifgd5myk 0 75497 918373 885622 2026-06-19T20:54:53Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{other|Medina (disambiguation)}} [[Image:Colombia - Cundinamarca - Medina.svg|thumb|right|250px|Location o the toun an municipality o '''Medina''' in [[Cundinamarca]].]] '''Medina''' is a municipality an toun o [[Colombie]] in the [[Depairtments o Colombie|depairtment]] o [[Cundinamarca]]. ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://medina-cundinamarca.gov.co/sitio.shtml Medina offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929222128/http://medina-cundinamarca.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2007-09-29 }} {{Municipalities cundinamarca depairtment}} {{coord|4|30|33|N|73|20|58|W|display=title|region:CO_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}} [[Category:Municipalities o Cundinamarca]] [[Category:Populatit places in Cundinamarca]] j3ha4h5r71yq9au5b7us7dkonek8g1o 0 75791 918478 886036 2026-06-20T09:11:14Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Sungin-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 숭인동 | hanja = {{linktext|崇|仁|洞}} | rr = Sung in dong | mr = Sung in tong | area_km2 = 0.58 | pop = 16889 | popnote = <ref name="encyber" /> | popyear = 2001 | popden_km2 = | popdennote = | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Sungin-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=732203&contentno=732203|title=숭인동 (Sungin-dong 崇仁洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-23|language=Korean|archive-date=2013-01-23|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130123002533/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=732203&contentno=732203|url-status=dead}}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-09 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-09 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=18 Sungin 1-dong Resident office] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113051021/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=18 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] 33b1ky7js0emrhdwxplfnm6435dk38m 0 75792 918382 885722 2026-06-19T22:00:41Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Muak-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 무악동 | hanja = {{linktext|毋|岳|洞}} | rr = Mu ak dong | mr = Mu ak tong | area_km2 = 0.36 | pop = 9179 | popnote = <ref name="encyber" /> | popyear = 2001 | popden_km2 = | popdennote = | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Muak-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=732199&contentno=732199|title=무악동 (Muak-dong 毋岳洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-23|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-09 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-09 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=7 Muak-dong Resident office] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050945/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=7 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] 6cmgyyd296ysxqtkpvnto8xwhxqw115 0 76618 918386 885848 2026-06-19T22:20:29Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Naesu-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 내수동 | hanja = {{linktext|內|需|洞}} | rr = Naesu dong | mr = Naesu tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Naesu-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Sajik-dong, Seoul|Sajik-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763355&contentno=763355|title=내수동 (Naesu-dong 內需洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-23|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-20 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-20 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 Sajik-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050819/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] 1vqm089yvazrc5f6brhdhh9aqra1rwq 0 76621 918463 917912 2026-06-20T07:59:31Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918463 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Other places3|Sinmunno}} {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Sinmunno 1-ga | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 신문로1가 | hanja = {{linktext|新|門|路|一|街}} | rr = Sinmunno il ga | mr = Sinmunno il ka | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Sinmunno 1-ga''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Sajik-dong, Seoul|Sajik-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763377&contentno=763377|title=신문로 (Sinmunno 新門路一街)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-23|language=Korean|archive-date=2013-01-02|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102105015/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763377&contentno=763377|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Kumho Asiana Group]] is heidquairtered at the Kumho Asiana Main Tower in Sinmunno 1-ga.<ref>"[http://www.kumhoasiana.co.kr/kumho_en/servlet/html?pgm_id=KUMHO000071 Contact Us] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701135740/http://www.kumhoasiana.com/kumho_en/servlet/html |date=2019-07-01 }}." ''Kumho Asiana Group''. Retrieved on November 26, 2008.</ref> ==Attraction== *[[Seoul Museum o History]]<ref>CNN Go [http://www.cnngo.com/seoul/play/seouls-best-museums-060516 Seoul's best museums] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928105016/http://www.cnngo.com/seoul/play/seouls-best-museums-060516 |date=2012-09-28 }} 27 October 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-04</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-20 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-20 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 Sajik-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050819/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] nqwqfmt4gvwv3nwzyb0lrd3pslvkgfe 0 76622 918464 885590 2026-06-20T07:59:32Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Other places3|Sinmunno}} {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Sinmunno 2-ga | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 신문로2가 | hanja = {{linktext|新|門|路|二|街}} | rr = Sinmunno i ga | mr = Sinmunno i ka | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Sinmunno 2-ga''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Sajik-dong, Seoul|Sajik-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763377&contentno=763377|title=신문로 (Sinmunno 新門路二街)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-23|language=Korean|archive-date=2013-01-02|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102105015/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763377&contentno=763377|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Attraction== *[[SeMa GyeongHuiGung]] == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-20 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-20 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 Sajik-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050819/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] 5p7kohie8bowqiiamljwsg4q49kzva4 0 76625 918490 885415 2026-06-20T10:31:59Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Tongui-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 통의동 | hanja = {{linktext|通|義|洞}} | rr = Tongui dong | mr = T'ongui tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Tongui-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Sajik-dong, Seoul|Sajik-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763346&contentno=763346|title=통의동 (Tongui-dong 通義洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-23|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Offeecial website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-20 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-20 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Official site in English] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Official site] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo of Jongno-gu by administrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 Sajik-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050819/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] 2cwyq11u103a9quaw2nnkrbiwycn65m 0 76754 918385 885686 2026-06-19T22:20:26Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Naeja-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 내자동 | hanja = {{linktext|內|資|洞}} | rr = Naeja dong | mr = Naecha tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Naeja-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Sajik-dong, Seoul|Sajik-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763352&contentno=763352|title=내자동 (Naeja-dong 內資洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-23|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-25 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-25 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 Sajik-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050819/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] dvlvfek3bn50xlv79xmgno3op02yw4h 0 76756 918418 885835 2026-06-20T03:38:39Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Pirun-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 필운동 | hanja = {{linktext|弼|雲|洞}} | rr = Pirun dong | mr = P'irun tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Pirun-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Sajik-dong, Seoul|Sajik-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763351&contentno=763351|title=필운동 (Pirun-dong 弼雲洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-23|language=Korean|6=}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|6=|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |5= |access-date=2014-06-25 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |6= |access-date=2014-06-25 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 Sajik-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050819/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=3 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] d6adrwtfs5dtnl5f99rllm8w39cw3lr 0 76767 918466 885329 2026-06-20T08:05:02Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918466 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Sinyeong-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 신영동 | hanja = {{linktext|新|營|洞}} | rr = Sinyeong dong | mr = Sinyong tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Sinyeong-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Buam-dong, Seoul|Buam-dong]]. <ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763378&contentno=763378|title=신영동 (Sinyeong-dong 新營洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-23|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-25 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-25 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=5 Buam-dong Resident office] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20040311224713/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=5 |date=2004-03-11 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] kwsw1i8w7qe0qltrrgfzx1lg2336ycv 0 76773 918462 885554 2026-06-20T07:58:09Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918462 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Singyo-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 신교동 | hanja = {{linktext|新|橋|洞}} | rr = Singyo dong | mr = Sinkyo tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Singyo-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Cheongun-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763343&contentno=763343|title=신교동 (Singyo-dong 新橋洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-25 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-25 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=1 Cheongun-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061208065628/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=1 |date=2006-12-08 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] 6wdt6ient2h3kedwq99qkxriin09xpa 0 76775 918378 904588 2026-06-19T21:41:30Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Mogi das Cruzes |image_skyline = Edificiosdosocorro.JPG |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Mogi das Cruzes |nickname = Terra do Caqui (Land o Persimmon) |motto = |image_flag = Band MCruzes.jpg |image_shield = BrasaoMogi.gif |image_map = SaoPaulo Municip MogidasCruzes.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o Mogi das Cruzes |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Regions o Brazil|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[States o Brazil|State]] |subdivision_name = {{BRA}} |subdivision_name1 = [[Sootheast Region, Brazil|Sootheast]] |subdivision_name2 = [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = Marco Bertaiolli ([[Social Democratic Pairty (Brazil)|PSD]]) |area_note = |area_magnitude = 1 E9 |area_total_km2 = 725 |population_as_of = 2010 |population_footnotes = [[Brazilian Institute o Geografie an Statistics|IBGE]] |population_metro = |area_metro_km2 = |population_total = 387,241 |population_density_km2 = 542.24 |population_density_metro_km2 = |timezone = [[UTC-3]] |utc_offset = -3 |timezone_DST = [[UTC-2]] |utc_offset_DST = -2 |coordinates = {{coord|23|31|22|S|46|11|35|W|region:BR|display=inline}} |elevation_m = 780.00 |elevation_ft = 2559.055 |blank_name = '''[[Human Development Index|HDI]]''' (2000) |blank_info = 0,801 – <span style="color:#090">high</span> |Postal Code = |website = [http://www.pmmc.com.br/ Mogi das Cruzes] |footnotes = }} {{Coord|23|31|22|S|46|11|35|W|scale:50000|display=title}} '''Mogi das Cruzes''' ({{IPA-pt|moˈʒi}}<small> or </small>{{IPA-pt|muˈʒi ðɐs ˈkɾuzis|}}) is a [[municipality]] in the [[States o Brazil|state]] o [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]], Brazil, locatit inwith the [[metropolitan aurie|metropolitan]] region o the state caipital o the ceety o [[São Paulo]]. As o 2010 it haed a population o 387,241 fowk, an a population density o 533.90 [[inhabitants]] per km ². It is locatit 40&nbsp;km tae the east o the ceety o São Paulo. It wis foondit in 1560 bi [[bandeirantes]].<ref name="Grinberg1980">{{cite book|last=Grinberg|first=Isaac|title=Gaspar Vaz, fundador de Mogi das Cruzes|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=RxcsAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=28 January 2013|year=1980|publisher=s.n.|language=Portuguese|page=9}}</ref> ==Notable residents== * [[Bruno Cazarine]] - perfaisional [[Association fitbaa|fitbawer]], played at top levels in Brazil, Europe, Middle East, Asie an currently in Australie wi [[Sydney FC]]. * [[Maikon Leite]] - perfaisional [[Association fitbaa|fitbawer]], plays for [[Palmeiras]]. * [[Mauricio de Sousa]] - cartoonist. * [[Neymar]] - perfaisional [[Association fitbaa|fitbawer]], plays for [[FC Barcelona]]. ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.mogidascruzes.sp.gov.br/ Offeecial wabsteid o Mogi das Cruzes Municipal Govrenment] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625051832/http://www.mogidascruzes.sp.gov.br/ |date=2014-06-25 }}. *[http://www.umc.br/ Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309060134/http://www.umc.br/ |date=2009-03-09 }} *[http://www.brazcubas.br/ Universidade Braz Cubas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090311063030/http://www.brazcubas.br/ |date=2009-03-11 }} {{Geographic Location | Centre = Mogi das Cruzes | North = [[Santa Isabel, São Paulo|Santa Isabel]] | Northeast = [[Guararema]] | East = [[Biritiba-Mirim]] an [[Salesópolis]] | Southeast = | South = [[Bertioga]] | Southwest = [[Ribeirão Pires]] | West = [[Suzano]], [[Poá]] an [[Ferraz de Vasconcelos]] | Northwest = [[Arujá]] an [[Itaquaquecetuba]] }} {{Municipalities o São Paulo|Metropolitana de São Paulo}} [[Category:Municipalities in São Paulo (state)]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1560]] 9t1vgwmpainpg8apowki6qn2w1m0tcp 0 76826 918437 885786 2026-06-20T05:31:39Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Sagan-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 사간동 | hanja = {{linktext|司|諫|洞}} | rr = Sagan dong | mr = Sakan tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Sagan-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Samcheong-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763371&contentno=763371|title=사간동 (Sagan-dong 司諫洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-25|language=Korean|archive-date=2013-01-22|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130122141434/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763371&contentno=763371|url-status=dead}}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-25|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-26 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-26 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=4 Samcheong-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050705/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=4 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] c9ejm997k76f4tx5tmmn6l1bemfwfff 0 76827 918470 885520 2026-06-20T08:20:28Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Sogyeok-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 소격동 | hanja = {{linktext|昭|格|洞}} | rr = Sogyeok dong | mr = Sokyŏk tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Sogyeok-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Samcheong-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=732206&contentno=732206|title=소격동 (Sogyeok-dong 昭格洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2013-01-22|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130122074825/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=732206&contentno=732206|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Attraction== * [[Kyujanggak]] * [[Artsonje Center]] == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763373&contentno=763373|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2013-01-02|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102121032/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763373&contentno=763373|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-26 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-26 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550303241 Resident office info an map o Jongno-gu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040210001404/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550303241 |date=2004-02-10 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] t1vi2hx6eks8gsr9vdecrkt8md1hzqi 0 76829 918410 885390 2026-06-20T00:09:39Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Palpan-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 팔판동 | hanja = {{linktext|八|判|洞}} | rr = Palpan dong | mr = Palpan tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Palpan-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Samcheong-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763397&contentno=763397|title=팔판동 (Palpan-dong 八判洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-25|language=Korean|6=}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-25|language=Korean|6=|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |5= |access-date=2014-06-26 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |6= |access-date=2014-06-26 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=4 Samcheong-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050705/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=4 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] 1d20wo2wwdoe5kxhtibfus5uf4w9a1k 0 76831 918472 885346 2026-06-20T08:24:39Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Songhyeon-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 송현동 | hanja = {{linktext|松|峴|洞}} | rr = Song hyeon dong | mr = Song hyon tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Songhyeon-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Samcheong-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763375&contentno=763375|title=송현동 (Songhyeon-dong 松峴洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-25|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-25|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-26 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-06-26 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=4 Samcheong-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050705/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=4 |date=2006-11-13 }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|Sooth Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] lm226z4mofv04dyse4i5m6xwd4f1t64 0 77446 918370 885822 2026-06-19T20:38:31Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Spaingie name|Yepes| Díaz}} {{Infobox football biography | name = Mario Yepes | image = Yepes_at_skbo.jpg | image_size = 150 | caption = Yepes in 2019. | fullname = Mario Alberto Yepes Díaz | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1976|01|13|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Cali]], Colombie | height = {{height|m=1.86}} | position = [[Defender (association fitbaw)#Centre back|Centre back]] | currentclub = [[Atalanta B.C.|Atalanta]] | clubnumber = 33 | youthyears1 = | youthclubs1 = | years1 = 1994–1997 | clubs1 = [[Cortuluá]] | caps1 = 76 | goals1 = 7 | years2 = 1997–1999 | clubs2 = [[Deportivo Cali]] | caps2 = 93 | goals2 = 11 | years3 = 1999–2002 | clubs3 = [[Club Atlético River Plate|River Plate]] | caps3 = 76 | goals3 = 6 | years4 = 2002–2004 | clubs4 = [[FC Nantes|Nantes]] | caps4 = 73 | goals4 = 2 | years5 = 2004–2008 | clubs5 = [[Paris Saint-Germain F.C.|Paris Saint-Germain]] | caps5 = 115 | goals5 = 8 | years6 = 2008–2010 | clubs6 = [[A.C. ChievoVerona|Chievo]] | caps6 = 63 | goals6 = 1 | years7 = 2010–2013 | clubs7 = [[A.C. Milan|Milan]] | caps7 = 38 | goals7 = 1 | years8 = 2013–2014 | clubs8 = [[Atalanta B.C.|Atalanta]] | caps8 = 25 | goals8 = 0 | years9 = 2014–2015 | clubs9 = [[San Lorenzo de Almagro|San Lorenzo]] | caps9 = 31 | goals9 = 0 | totalcaps = 580 | totalgoals = 36 | nationalyears1 = 1999–2014 | nationalteam1 = [[Colombie naitional fitbaw team|Colombie]] | nationalcaps1 = 102 | nationalgoals1 = 6 | medaltemplates = | pcupdate = 17 August 2015 | ntupdate = }} '''Mario Alberto Yepes Díaz''' ({{IPA-es|ˈmaɾjo ˈʝepes}}; born 13 Januar 1976) is a umwhile [[Colombie]] [[Association fitbaw|fitbawer]] who played as a [[Defender (association fitbaw)|defender]]. Yepes wis well-kent for his time in [[Paris Saint-Germain F.C.|Paris Saint-Germain]] whaur he wis considered tae be ane o the best defenders at the time dubbin him as 'Super Mario' afore muivin tae Chievo.<ref name="Mario Yepes offered - Chronicle">{{cite news |title=Mario Yepes offered - Chronicle |url=http://www.newcastle-online.org/nufcforum/index.php?topic=44142.10;wap2 |work=newcastle-online.org |publisher= |date= |accessdate=10 September 2012 |language= |archive-date=2014-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413145135/http://www.newcastle-online.org/nufcforum/index.php?topic=44142.10;wap2 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Passato glorioso di Super Mario Yepes|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WLXi80eIFew |work= |publisher= |date= |accessdate=5 June 2012 |language=}}</ref> He haes been the [[Caiptain (association fitbaw)|caiptain]] o the [[Colombie naitional fitbaw team|Colombie naitional team]] frae 2008 till his retirement. Yepes wis ane o the last active players o the oreeginal members o the Colombie gowden generation durin their dyin years whaur they wan the [[2001 Copa America]]. Thus, wi the current gowden generation, he played in baith the '90s gowden generation (that endit in 2002) tae the present gowden team, alang wi [[Faryd Mondragón]].<ref name="Mario Yepes offered - Chronicle"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Yepes: We’ll be raring to go |url=http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1418816.html |work=fifa.com |publisher= |date=15 April 2011 |accessdate=4 May 2011 |language= |archive-date=2014-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413154649/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1418816.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mario Yepes será el capitán de Colombia |url=http://www.co.terra.com/eliminatorias2010/interna/0,,oi3242281-ei10339,00.html |work=terra.com |publisher=[[Terra Networks|Terra Networks, S.A.]] |date=8 October 2008 |accessdate=9 August 2010 |language=Spanish |archive-date=2011-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716211351/http://www.co.terra.com/eliminatorias2010/interna/0,,oi3242281-ei10339,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Notes an references == {{reflist|2}} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.marioyepes.co MarioYepes.co]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919212939/http://marioyepes.co/ |date=2019-09-19 }} {{Navboxes colour |title=Colombia squads |bg=#FFCD00 |fg=#003087 |bordercolor=#C8102E |list1= {{Colombia Squad 1999 Copa América}} {{Colombia Squad 2001 Copa América}} {{Colombia Squad 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup}} {{Colombia Squad 2007 Copa América}} {{Colombia squad 2011 Copa América}} {{Colombia squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} }} {{2003–04 Ligue 1 UNFP Team of the Year}} {{2005–06 Ligue 1 UNFP Team of the Year}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yepes, Mario}} [[Category:Colombie fitbawers]] [[Category:Colombie internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Colombie expatriate fitbawers]] [[Category:Association fitbaw defenders]] [[Category:Argentine Primera División players]] [[Category:Ligue 1 players]] [[Category:Serie A players]] [[Category:Cortuluá fitbawers]] [[Category:Deportivo Cali fitbawers]] [[Category:River Plate fitbawers]] [[Category:FC Nantes players]] [[Category:Paris Saint-Germain F.C. players]] [[Category:A.C. Chievo Verona players]] [[Category:A.C. Milan players]] [[Category:Atalanta B.C. players]] [[Category:Expatriate fitbawers in Argentinae]] [[Category:Expatriate fitbawers in Fraunce]] [[Category:Expatriate fitbawers in Italy]] [[Category:1976 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:1999 Copa América players]] [[Category:2001 Copa América players]] [[Category:2003 FIFA Confederations Cup players]] [[Category:2007 Copa América players]] [[Category:2011 Copa América players]] [[Category:2014 FIFA Warld Cup players]] [[Category:Fowk frae Cali]] 2x91qa0ehnin3uulqqp45rfjseyhmc3 0 80028 918504 885270 2026-06-20T11:47:33Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox French commune |name = Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine |coordinates = {{coord|48.3878|2.8464|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |INSEE = 77494 |postal code = 77670 |region = [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]] |department = [[Seine-et-Marne]] |arrondissement = Fontainebleau |canton = Moret-sur-Loing |mayor = Michel Demars |term = 2008&ndash;2014 |intercommunality = [[Communauté de communes Moret Seine et Loing|Moret Seine et Loing]] |elevation min m = 42 |elevation max m = 145 |area km2 = 22.42 |population = 2716 |population date = 2006 }} '''Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine''' is a [[Communes o Fraunce|commune]] in the [[Seine-et-Marne]] [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in the [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-Fraunce]] [[Regions o Fraunce|region]] in north-central [[Fraunce]]. ==Demographics== Inhabitants o Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine are cried ''Vernoucellois''. ==Biggins== The notable biggins o the commune include the [[Château d'Argeville]]. ==See an aw== *[[Communes o the Seine-et-Marne depairtment]] ==References== *[http://www.insee.fr/en/home/home_page.asp INSEE] {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.mairie-vernou-celle77.fr Offeecial steid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202053904/http://mairie-vernou-celle77.fr/ |date=2020-12-02 }} {{Fr icon}} *[http://www.iaurif.org/en/gis/fichescom/mos99/ficmos/mos77494.html 1999 Land Use, from IAURIF (Institute for Urban Planning and Development of the Paris-Île-de-France région)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929103147/http://www.iaurif.org/en/gis/fichescom/mos99/ficmos/mos77494.html |date=2007-09-29 }} {{en icon}} *[http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/merimee_fr?ACTION=CHERCHER&FIELD_98=INSEE&VALUE_98=77494 French Ministry of Culture list for Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine] {{Fr icon}} *[http://www.viamichelin.co.uk/viamichelin/gbr/dyn/controller/mapPerformPage?strAddress=&strCP=77670&strLocation=Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine&strCountry=1424&image2.x=28&image2.y=7 Map of Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine on Michelin]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929111712/http://www.viamichelin.co.uk/viamichelin/gbr/dyn/controller/mapPerformPage?strAddress=&strCP=77670&strLocation=Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine&strCountry=1424&image2.x=28&image2.y=7 |date=2007-09-29 }} {{en icon}} {{Seine-et-Marne communes}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vernoulacellesurseine}} [[Category:Communes o Seine-et-Marne]] l6ghn6241gruih2xc63u3cpskuesq6j 0 80069 918433 885148 2026-06-20T05:18:58Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Airline |airline = Rotana Jet |logo = |logo_size = |fleet_size = 5 |destinations = 12 |IATA = RG |ICAO = RJD |callsign = ROTANA |parent = |company_slogan = |founded = 2010 |headquarters = [[Al Bateen Executive Airport]]<br>[[Abu Dhabi]], [[UAE]] |key_people = [[Ahmed bin Saif Al Nahyan]] <small>(Chairman)</small>, [[Saif M. A. Al Mughairy]] <small>(CEO)</small> , [[Rajendran Vellapalath]] <small>(CCO)</small> |hubs = [[Al Bateen Executive Airport]] |secondary_hubs = |focus_cities = [[Sir Bani Yas|Sir Bani Yas Island]], [[Dalma (island)|Dalma Island]], [[Al Ain]], [[Fujairah]]. |website = {{URL|www.rotanajet.com}} }} '''Rotana Jet''' ({{lang-ar|روتانا جت}}) is a airline wi its corporate heid office at [[Al Bateen Executive Airport]],<ref>"[http://rotanajet.com/index.php/contact-us Contact Us]." () Rotana Jet. Retrieved on 30 July 2013.</ref> in [[Abu Dhabi]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/routes-abu-dhabis-rotana-grows-domestic-operations-377084/|accessdate=1 October 2012|title=ROUTES: Abu Dhabi's Rotana grows domestic operations|work=[[Flightglobal]]}}</ref> While it initially operatit anerly executive chairter flichts; Rotana stairtit scheduled flichts tae [[Sir Bani Yas]] island in Juin 2012.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rotana Jet moves into scheduled local flights|url=http://www.thenational.ae/thenationalconversation/industry-insights/aviation/rotana-jet-moves-into-scheduled-local-flights|accessdate=1 October 2012|date=6 June 2012|archive-date=2012-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121231005722/http://www.thenational.ae/thenationalconversation/industry-insights/aviation/rotana-jet-moves-into-scheduled-local-flights|url-status=dead}}</ref> Its flichts tae Fujairah made it the first domestic airline tae connect twa emirates.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rotana Jet claims spoils for first route between emirates|url=http://www.zawya.com/story/Rotana_Jet_claims_spoils_for_first_route_between_emirates-ZAWYA20120920151926/|accessdate=1 October 2012|newspaper=Zawya|date=20 September 2012}}</ref> On 6 Apryle 2014, the airline annooncit [[Colombo]] and [[Mattala Rajapaksa Internaitional Airport|Mattala]] as its first internaitional destinations ootside the [[Gulf Cooperation Cooncil]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Rotana Jet to begin flights to Colombo and Mattala|url=http://www.arabiangazette.com/rotana-jet-begin-flights-colombo-mattala-20140406/|accessdate=7 April 2014|date=6 April 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024144/http://www.arabiangazette.com/rotana-jet-begin-flights-colombo-mattala-20140406/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist|group=nb}} {{reflist}} {{Commonscat|Rotana Jet}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Portal|Abu Dhabi|Companies|Aviation}} * [http://rotanajet.com/ Offeecial wabsteid] [[Category:2010 establishments]] [[Category:Companies based in Abu Dhabi]] [[Category:Airlines o the Unitit Arab Emirates]] alme5p26h9ii3t1myw0s205pjmu6qhl 0 81529 918496 885636 2026-06-20T11:13:02Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club |clubname = Uberaba |image = |fullname = Uberaba Sport Club |founded = {{Start date and years ago|mf=yes|1917|07|15}} |ground = [[Uberabão]], [[Uberaba]], [[Minas Gerais]] |capacity = 25,000 |league = |season = |position = |season = |pattern_la1= |pattern_b1= |pattern_ra1= |leftarm1=FF0000 |body1=FF0000 |rightarm1=FF0000 |shorts1=FFFFFF |socks1=FF0000 |pattern_la2= |pattern_b2= |pattern_ra2= |leftarm2=FFFFFF |body2=FFFFFF |rightarm2=FFFFFF |shorts2=FF0000 |socks2=FFFFFF |American=true }} '''Uberaba Sport Club''' is a tradeetional [[Leet o fitbaw clubs in Brazil|Brazilian fitbaw club]] frae [[Uberaba]], [[Minas Gerais|Minas Gerais state]]. Their colors are reid an white an their elk-names are "Colorado", "Zebu " (mascot o the team an seembol o the ceety o Uberaba). ==History== The club wis foondit on 15 Julie 1917. They wan the [[Campeonato Mineiro (lawer levels)|Campeonato Mineiro Second Level]] in 2003, an the [[Taça Minas Gerais]] in 1980, 2009, an in 2010.<ref>{{cite news |title=Better Breathing Sport |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/outlook-spotlight/better-breathing-sport-device-reviews-2023-does-it-work-latest-warning-info-detailed-price-news-277628}}</ref> ==Achievements== *'''[[Campeonato Mineiro (lawer levels)|Campeonato Mineiro Seicont Level]]: 1''' ::2003 *'''[[Taça Minas Gerais]]: 3''' ::1980, 2009, 2010 ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.uberabasportclub.com.br/ Offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420013100/http://uberabasportclub.com.br/ |date=2010-04-20 }} {{pt icon}} * [http://www.arquivodeclubes.com/mg/uberaba.htm Uberaba Sport Club at Arquivo de Clubes]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923174054/http://www.arquivodeclubes.com/mg/uberaba.htm |date=2015-09-23 }} {{pt icon}} [[Category:Association fitbaw clubs established in 1917]] [[Category:Fitbaw clubs in Minas Gerais]] [[Category:Uberaba Sport Club| ]] [[Category:1917 establishments in Brazil]] 28q30ft4pgk6648svys1snaujth6ggn 0 82114 918453 885892 2026-06-20T06:42:27Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918453 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |name = Santiago |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipality]] an toun |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Norte de Santander - Santiago.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Santiago in the Norte de Santander Depairtment o Colombie. |pushpin_map = |pushpin_mapsize =300 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Colombie |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombie}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Norte de Santander]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |coordinates = {{coord|7|51|56|N|72|42|57|W|display=inline}} |timezone = Colombie Staundart Time |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Santiago''' ({{IPA-es|sanˈtjaɣo}}) is a [[Colombie]] [[municipality]] an toun locatit in [[Norte de Santander]]. ==References== * {{es icon}} [http://www.nortedesantander.gov.co/nortedesantander/home_1/htm/cont.jsp?rec=not_1490.jsp Govrenment o Norte de Santander - Santiago] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927051845/http://www.nortedesantander.gov.co/nortedesantander/home_1/htm/cont.jsp?rec=not_1490.jsp |date=2007-09-27 }} * {{es icon}} [http://santiago-nortedesantander.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m Santiago offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930083219/http://santiago-nortedesantander.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m |date=2007-09-30 }} {{Municipalities nortedesantander depairtment}} [[Category:Populatit places in Norte de Santander]] [[Category:Municipalities o Norte de Santander]] gbmf79iwawwzvavmo4ht45ndylprz1h 0 82221 918389 916130 2026-06-19T22:27:43Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name =Naranjito Canton |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type =[[Cantons o Ecuador|Canton]] |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_map = Guayas in Ecuador.svg |mapsize = |map_caption = Location o Guayas in Ecuador. |image_map1 = Naranjito in Guayas (Ecuador).svg |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = Naranjito Canton o Guayas Province |pushpin_map = |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_mapsize= |pushpin_map_caption = |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name ={{flag|Ecuador}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces o Ecuador|Province]] |subdivision_name1 =[[Guayas Province]] |subdivision_type2 =Caipital |subdivision_name2 =[[Naranjito]] |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |population_as_of =2001 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |timezone = [[Ecuador Time|ECT]] |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|-2.1730|-79.4671|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Naranjito Canton''' is a [[cantons o Ecuador|canton]] o [[Ecuador]], locatit in the [[Guayas Province]]. Its caipital is the toun o [[Naranjito, Ecuador|Naranjito]]. Its population at the 2001 census wis 31,756.<ref>[http://www.statoids.com/yec.html Cantons of Ecuador] at statoids.com</ref> ==Demographics== Ethnic groups as o the [[Ecuadorian census]] o 2010:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/resultados/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-09-27 |archive-date=2017-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724030253/http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/resultados/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Mestizo]] 71.2% *[[Afro-Ecuadorian]] 8.3% *Montubio 7.7% *[[White Laitin American|White]] 6.5% *[[Indigenous fowks in Ecuador|Indigenous]] 6.1% *Ither 0.3% ==References== {{reflist}} {{Cantons o Ecuador}} [[Category:Cantons o Guayas Province]] 6k41wygo0gtynz3lasp75tdsn0k0de3 0 82224 918388 423717 2026-06-19T22:27:42Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918388 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Naranjal''' is a [[Cantons o Ecuador|canton]] in the province o [[Guayas Province|Guayas]] in wastren continental [[Ecuador]]. The canton wis namit efter its seat, [[Naranjal, Ecuador|Naranjal]]. ==Demographics== Ethnic groups as o the [[Ecuadorian census]] o 2010:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/resultados/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-09-27 |archive-date=2017-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724030253/http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/resultados/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Mestizo]] 74.1% *Montubio 10.9% *[[Afro-Ecuadorian]] 8.7% *[[White Laitin American|White]] 5.5% *[[Indigenous fowks in Ecuador|Indigenous]] 0.7% *Other 0.2% ==References== {{reflist}} {{coord|-2.6728|-79.6150|display=title}} {{Cantons o Ecuador}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Naranjal (Canton)}} [[Category:Cantons o Guayas Province]] 65lm2wbsbqdn4tzffvel360ltv1sl2g 0 82450 918442 885649 2026-06-20T05:53:41Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |name = San Calixto |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipality]] an toun |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Norte de Santander - San Calixto.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o San Calixto in the Norte de Santander Depairtment o Colombie. |pushpin_map = |pushpin_mapsize =300 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Colombie |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombie}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Norte de Santander]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |coordinates = {{coord|8|24|10|N|73|12|28|W|display=inline}} |timezone = Colombie Staundart Time |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = |footnotes = }} '''San Calixto''' ({{IPA-es|saŋ kaˈliksto}}) is a [[Colombie]] [[municipality]] locatit in the [[Depairtments o Colombie|depairtment]] o [[Norte de Santander]]. ==References== * {{es icon}}[http://sancalixto-nortedesantander.gov.co/sitio.shtml?apc=I----&x=1865909 San Calixto offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929181007/http://sancalixto-nortedesantander.gov.co/sitio.shtml?apc=I----&x=1865909 |date=2007-09-29 }} * {{es icon}}[http://www.nortedesantander.gov.co/nortedesantander/home_1/htm/cont.jsp?rec=not_1344.jsp Govrenment o Norte de Santander - San Calixto] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927051758/http://www.nortedesantander.gov.co/nortedesantander/home_1/htm/cont.jsp?rec=not_1344.jsp |date=2007-09-27 }} {{Municipalities nortedesantander depairtment}} [[Category:Populatit places in Norte de Santander]] [[Category:Municipalities o Norte de Santander]] m2q2t9y207flkzx86kdppvum712l9rx 0 82604 918505 885503 2026-06-20T11:55:41Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |name = Villa Caro |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipality]] an toun |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Norte de Santander - Villa Caro.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Villa Caro in the Norte de Santander Depairtment o Colombie. |pushpin_map = |pushpin_mapsize =300 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Colombie |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombie}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Norte de Santander]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |coordinates = |timezone = Colombie Staundart Time |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Villa Caro''' is a [[Colombie]] [[municipality]] an toun locatit in the [[Depairtments o Colombie|depairtment]] o [[Norte de Santander]]. ==References== * {{es icon}} [http://www.nortedesantander.gov.co/nortedesantander/home_1/htm/cont.jsp?rec=not_1492.jsp Govrenment o Norte de Santander - Villa Caro] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927051911/http://www.nortedesantander.gov.co/nortedesantander/home_1/htm/cont.jsp?rec=not_1492.jsp |date=2007-09-27 }} * {{es icon}} [http://villacaro-nortedesantander.gov.co/sitio.shtml Villa Caro offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928171050/http://villacaro-nortedesantander.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2007-09-28 }} {{Municipalities nortedesantander depairtment}} {{coord|7.91694|N|72.9764|W|source:kolossus-itwiki|display=title}} [[Category:Populatit places in Norte de Santander]] [[Category:Municipalities o Norte de Santander]] 6rtki2tqzoxtw6tqghaeug8spaa2pqg 0 82615 918506 897176 2026-06-20T11:58:48Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | settlement_type = Toun an municipality | official_name = Villanueva |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = Villanuevaguajiraflag.png |image_seal = Villanuevaseal.png |image_map = Colombia - La Guajira - Villanueva.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Villanueva in La Guajira Depairtment. |pushpin_map =Colombia <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Colombie |pushpin_mapsize =300 |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_type1 = [[Natural regions o Colombie|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombie}} |subdivision_name1 = [[Caribbean Natural Region|Caribbean]] |subdivision_name2 = [[La Guajira]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = [[Luis Erasmo Dangond]] <br>([[Colombie Conservative Pairty]])<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.registraduria.gov.co/reselec2007_esc/1028/x.html |title=Colombian Registry of the Civil State: 2007 election results |access-date=2014-10-06 |archive-date=2021-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309190957/https://www.registraduria.gov.co/reselec2007_esc/1028/x.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |established_title = Foondation |established_date = 16 Januar 1662 bi [[Roque de Alba]] |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = 265 |area_land_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2005 |population_note = <ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.ocaribe.org/downloads/grupos/economia_competitividad/estudio_zif_guajira_venezuela.pdf |title= Observatorio del Caribe Colombiano: Grupo Regional de investigación en economía y competitividad en el Caribe colombiano by Weildler Guerra, Paola Quintero, Jorge Quintero and Ana María Maldonado |access-date=2014-10-06 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303181151/http://www.ocaribe.org/downloads/grupos/economia_competitividad/estudio_zif_guajira_venezuela.pdf |url-status=dead }} Observatorio del Caribe Colombiano: Grupo Regional de investigación en economía y competitividad en el Caribe colombiano by Weildler Guerra, Paola Quintero, Jorge Quintero and Ana María Maldonado]</ref> |population_total = 18804 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coor_type = <!-- can be used to specify what the coordinates refer to --> |coordinates = {{coord|10|36|32|N|72|59|3|W|region:CO|display=inline}} |elevation_m = 250 |elevation_ft = |website = [http://villanueva-guajira.gov.co/sitio.shtml villanueva-guajira.gov.co] |footnotes = }} '''Villanueva''' is a toun an municipality locatit in the northren [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] o [[La Guajira]], [[Colombie]]. Villanueva is kent in Colombie for bein the cradle o mony [[vallenato]] sangsters an componers. The economy o the toun relies hivily on agricultur an fermin. ==Geografie== The municipality o Villanueva is locatit in the soothren region o the Depairtment o La Guajira athin the valley o the [[Cesar River]], atween the [[Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta]] muntains an the [[Serranía del Perijá]] which Villanueva borders. The municipality is crossed bi the [[Villanueva River]] which flows intae the Cesar River.<ref name="villanueva-guajira.gov.co">[{{Cite web |url=http://www.villanueva-guajira.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m |title=Villanueva: Geography |access-date=2014-10-06 |archive-date=2012-08-05 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805225047/http://www.villanueva-guajira.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m |url-status=dead }} Villanueva: Geography]</ref> The municipality seat is locatit bi the ''Cerro Pintao'' ("Pentit Hill") which covers the municipalities o San Juan del Cesar, El Molino and Urumita an aw an in the Depairtment o Cesar the municipalities o [[Manaure, Cesar|Manaure]], [[La Paz, Cesar|La Paz]], [[San Diego, Cesar|San Diego]] an [[Codazzi]], coverin a aurie o 25,000 ha an wi a altitude rangin frae 1600 tae 3,688 m ([[Páramo]]) giein birth tae some 13 rivers.<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.laguajira.gov.co/archivospdf/plandesarrollo.pdf |title= Government of La Guajira: Guajira Development Plan - Cerro Pintao |access-date=2014-10-06 |archive-date=2008-05-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529031022/http://www.laguajira.gov.co/archivospdf/plandesarrollo.pdf |url-status=dead }} Government of La Guajira: Guajira Development Plan - Cerro Pintao]</ref> Villanueva limits tae the north wi the municipalities o [[El Molino, La Guajira|El Molilno]], wi [[Venezuela]] tae the east; tae the sooth wi the municipalities o [[Urumita]] an [[San Juan del Cesar]]; an tae the wast wi the [[Cesar, Colombie|Depairtment o Cesar]] coverin a total aurie o 265&nbsp;km² an at altitude o 250 m ower sea level. Mair nor hauf o the total aurie o the municipality is pairt o the Serranía del Perijá while the rest is flat, athin the valley.<ref name="villanueva-guajira.gov.co"/> ===Climate=== Climate in the municipality o Villanueva is determined bi altitude an precipitation. The municipality haes a average temperatur o 28&nbsp;°C throuoot the year with twa rainy saisons an twa dry saisons.<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.villanueva-guajira.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m |title= Villanueva: Climate |access-date=2014-10-06 |archive-date=2012-08-05 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805225047/http://www.villanueva-guajira.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m |url-status=dead }} Villanueva: Climate]</ref> ==History== Prior tae the arrival o the Spainyie splorers in the early 16t hunderyear the aurie o wha is present-day Villanueva wis inhabitit bi a [[Chimila]] tribe; the [[Itotos]], then led bi [[Cacique]] Canopan an their dounset wis cried "''Timiriguaco''" (Great veelage). The veelage wis allegedly foondit bi Don [[Roque de Alba]] in 1662.<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.villanueva-guajira.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m |title= Villanueva: History |access-date=2014-10-06 |archive-date=2012-08-05 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805225047/http://www.villanueva-guajira.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m |url-status=dead }} Villanueva: History]</ref> ==Economy== The economy o Villanueva is based primarily on [[agricultur]] an commercial trade atween the ither Soothren Guajira municipalities an the ceety o [[Valledupar]] in the [[Cesar, Colombie|Depairtment o Cesar]]. O the 26,500 Ha, 7,300 Ha are uised for plantations, 8,000 for cattle raisin, 10,146 Ha wur unuised an 454 covered urban auries.<ref name="ReferenceA">[{{Cite web |url=http://www.villanueva-guajira.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m |title= Villanueva: Economy |access-date=2014-10-06 |archive-date=2012-08-05 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805225047/http://www.villanueva-guajira.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-I1--&m=f&s=m |url-status=dead }} Villanueva: Economy]</ref> In the lawer pairt o the Serranía del Perijá thare are limestane deposits which are exploitit in airtisan manner.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> ==Cultur== {{see also|Leet o festivals in La Guajira}} Villanueva celebrates in the month o September the [[Cradle o Accordions Festival]], a [[vallenato]] muisical contest as well as a releegious celebration in honor o [[Thomas the Apostle|Saunt Thomas]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sinic.gov.co/SINIC/ColombiaCultural/ColCulturalBusca.aspx?AREID=3&SECID=8&IdDep=44&COLTEM=215 |title=National System for Cultural Information: Cradle of Accordions Festival |access-date=2014-10-06 |archive-date=2015-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209024628/http://www.sinic.gov.co/SINIC/ColombiaCultural/ColCulturalBusca.aspx?AREID=3&SECID=8&IdDep=44&COLTEM=215 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://villanueva-guajira.gov.co/sitio.shtml Villanueva offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251220133712/http://villanueva-guajira.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2025-12-20 }} * [http://villanuevaguajira.blogspot.com/2007/11/historia_21.html Research on Villanueva] {{Municipalities guajira depairtment}} [[Category:Municipalities o La Guajira]] [[Category:Populatit places in La Guajira]] pr5umzz70gpmpv43xw1fmpdm28cxjxa 0 82650 918487 885407 2026-06-20T10:14:52Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918487 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name = Tibú |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipality]] an toun |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = Flag of Tibú (Norte de Santander).svg|100px |image_seal = Escudo de Tibú.svg|80px |image_map = Colombia - Norte de Santander - Tibú.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Tibú in the Norte de Santander Depairtment o Colombie. |pushpin_map = |pushpin_mapsize =300 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Colombie |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombie}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Norte de Santander]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = [[Jose Del Carmen Garcia Palacios]] |established_title = Foondation |established_date = November 3, 1977 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 2,696 |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2005 census |population_note = |population_total = 40,182 |population_density_km2 = 14.9 |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |coordinates = {{coord|8|38|24|N|72|44|17|W|display=inline}} |timezone = Colombie Staundart Time |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = 75 |elevation_ft = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Tibú''' is a [[Colombie]] [[municipality]] an toun locatit in the [[Depairtments o Colombie|depairtment]] o [[Norte de Santander]]. ==History== The aurie o present day Tibú wis established as a camp basement bi ile companies who first arrivit in the aurie in 1945. On March 8, 1945 the [[Cooncil o Cúcuta]] appruivit the creation o the [[corregimiento]] o Tibu. The Catholic Kirk established the [[San Luis Beltran Mission]] an aw an later on 25 Mey 1952 established the pairish. The kirk greatly contributit tae the development o the veelage bi designin the first streets an distributin lots for the first hooses an the cathedral. It wis erectit municipality later on 1 Januar 1977 in the midst o the jungle o the [[Catatumbo Region]] an amaist human inhospitable laund atween Colombie an [[Venezuela]]. ===Colombian Airmit Conflict=== {{See also|Colombie conflict (1964–present)}} The toun an municipalities wur haurdly hit bi the Colombie ceevil war. The aurie haes been a constant dispute atween govrenment forces, the guerrillas o the [[FARC]] an [[Naitional Leeberation Airmy (Colombie)|ELN]] an [[paramilitarism in Colombie|paramilitar groups]]. On 16 Juin 1996 [[Unitit Sel-Defence Forces o Colombie]] members perpetratit the [[La Gabarra massacre]] while strugglin for control o the aurie wi FARC. ==Geografie== The municipality o Tibú borders tae the east wi [[Venezuela]], tae the sooth wi the municipalities o [[Cúcuta]] an [[Sardinata]], tae the wast wi [[El Tarra]] an [[San Calixto]] an tae the northwest wi [[Teorama]]. ==References== * {{es icon}}[http://www.tibu-nortedesantander.gov.co/sitio.shtml Tibú offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010031410/http://www.tibu-nortedesantander.gov.co/sitio.shtml |date=2007-10-10 }} {{Municipalities nortedesantander depairtment}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tibu}} [[Category:Populatit places in Norte de Santander]] [[Category:Municipalities o Norte de Santander]] 9afgggolwu8qln32vnyrkvso4zs8zpp 0 83182 918450 885480 2026-06-20T06:21:19Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Sant Feliu de Codines | native_name = | settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Spain|Municipality]] | image_skyline = Stfelicodines2.jpg | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_size = | flag_alt = | image_shield = | shield_size = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | pushpin_map = Spain Catalonia | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Catalonie | coordinates = {{coord|41|41|25|N|2|9|54|E|region:ES-CT_type:city|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] | subdivision_name = {{flag|Spain}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous commonties o Spain|Commonty]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Catalonie}} | subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces o Spain|Province]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Province o Barcelona|Barcelona]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Comarques o Catalonie|Comarca]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Vallès Oriental]] | established_title = | established_date = | leader_party = | leader_title = [[Mayor]] | leader_name = Pere Pladevall i Vallcorba | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 15.18 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 480 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 5620 | population_as_of = 2008 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = Codinenc, codinenca | population_note = | timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset1_DST = +2 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Sant Feliu de Codines''' ({{IPA-ca|ˈsam fəˈɫiw ðə kuˈðinəs}}) is a [[municipality]] in the [[Comarques o Catalonie|''comarca'']] o the [[Vallès Oriental]] in [[Catalonie]], [[Spain]]. It is linkit bi a local road tae [[Caldes de Montbui]] an tae [[Centelles]]. The toun wis first mentioned in 1059, when [[Mir Geribert]] wis made [[Baron o Montbui]] bi [[Ramon Berenguer I, Coont o Barcelona]]. It gained its unthirldom frae the barony in 1793 bi a decree o [[Charles IV o Spain|Charles IV]]. == Demografie == {{infobox catalan city demography | pop_1900=2450 | pop_1930=2445 | pop_1950=2357 | pop_1970=2998 | pop_1986=3360 | pop_latest=5,620 | latest_year=2008}} == References == * Panareda Clopés, Josep Maria; Rios Calvet, Jaume; Rabella Vives, Josep Maria (1989). ''Guia de Catalunya'', Barcelona:Caixa de Catalunya. ISBN 84-87135-01-3 (Spanish). ISBN 84-87135-02-1 (Catalan). == Freemit airtins == * [http://www.santfeliucodines.cat/ Offeecial steid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722112919/http://www.santfeliucodines.cat/ |date=2020-07-22 }} {{ca icon}} * [http://www.municat.net:8000/omunicat/owa/mun_p01.dad_ens?via=1&cod=0821070005 Information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929132952/http://www.municat.net:8000/omunicat/owa/mun_p01.dad_ens?via=1&cod=0821070005 |date=2007-09-29 }} from the [[Generalitat de Catalunya]] {{ca icon}} * [http://www.idescat.cat/territ/BasicTerr?TC=3&V0=1&V1=08210 Information] frae the [[Institut d'Estadística de Catalunya]] {{ca icon}} * [http://www.diba.cat/municipis/munview.asp?Ine=08210&Vista=1 Information]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524045128/http://www.diba.cat/municipis/munview.asp?Ine=08210&Vista=1 |date=2011-05-24 }} frae the [[Province o Barcelona|Diputació de Barcelona]] {{ca icon}} {{br}} {{Geographic location |Centre = Sant Feliu de Codines |N = [[Sant Quirze Safaja]] |NE = |E = |SE = [[Bigues i Riells]] |S = |SW = [[Caldes de Montbui]] |W = [[Gallifa]] |NW = }} {{Valles Oriental}} {{Municipalities in Barcelona}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sant Feliu De Codines}} [[Category:Municipalities in Vallès Oriental]] jjjc75mkrvd2ejhcyrmx9snx5donm5q 0 83474 918449 888949 2026-06-20T06:19:43Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Sant Cugat del Vallès | native_name = | settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Spain|Municipality]] | image_skyline = Monestir de Sant Cugat.jpg | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_size = | flag_alt = | image_shield = Escut de Sant Cugat del Vallès.svg | shield_size = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | pushpin_map = Spain | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Spain | coordinates = {{coord|41|28|N|2|05|E|region:ES_type:city|display=inline}} | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = [[Leet o sovereign states|Country]] | subdivision_name = {{flag|Spain}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Community]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Catalonia}} | subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Province of Barcelona|Barcelona]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Comarques of Catalonia|Comarca]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Vallès Occidental]] | established_title = | established_date = | leader_party = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Mercè Conesa i Pagès ([[Convergence and Union|CiU]]) | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 48.32 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 124 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 84946 | population_as_of = 2012 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = Santcugatenc | population_note = | timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset1_DST = +2 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = 08172-08174 | area_code_type = | area_code = | website = {{URL|www.santcugat.cat}} | footnotes = }} '''Sant Cugat del Vallès''' ({{IPA-ca|ˈsaŋ kuˈɣad dəɫ βəˈʎɛs|IPA}}) (pop. 81,745 in 2010) is a toun an [[municipality]] north o [[Barcelona]] in [[Catalonie]], [[Spain]]. Kent as ''Castrum Octavianum'' in antiquity, it is namit efter [[Saunt Cucuphas]], that is seyed tae hae been mairtert on the spot nou occupee'd bi its [[Monastery o Sant Cugat|medieval monastery]]. ==Description== The toun's ither biggins include the Schuil o Airchitectur o the Vallès an the Centre d'Alt Rendiment (CAR, [[Transliteration|translit.]]&nbsp;Heich Performance Centre), a famous centre for profeesional sport trainin. Sant Cugat haes become an [[affluent]] suburb o Barcelona due tae its location (anerly 20 kilometres frae the ceety), its naitural surroondins, an its pedestrian shoppin airt. Sant Cugat offers restaurants, a concert venue, twa cinemas, an ae muckle shoppin centre an aw. It is a poleetical stranghud for [[conservative]] [[Catalan naitionalism]] an aw, wi [[Convergència i Unió]] dominatin the toun's politics. The toun haes its [[Sant Cugat (FGC)|ain train station]] wi a direct [[Barcelona Metro|metro]] connection intae Barcelona ceety centre an the nearbi industrial ceeties o [[Terrassa]] an [[Sabadell]]. [[File:Monestir de Sant Cugat (Sant Cugat del Vallès) - 23.jpg|thumbnail]] ==Main sichts== *[[Monasterio de Sant Cugat|Monastery o Sant Cugat]] *Hermitage o Sant Medir (10t hunderyear) *Hermitage o Sant Adjutori (10t hunderyear) *''Torre Negra'' (12t hunderyear) *Gothic brig o Can Vernet (14t hunderyear) == Demographie == {{infobox catalan municipio demography | pop_1900=2120 | pop_1930=5190 | pop_1950=6992 | pop_1970=20,490 | pop_1986=35,302 | pop_2000=52,654 | pop_latest=84,946<ref>http://www.idescat.cat/poblacioestrangera/?b=0&res=e203&lang=es</ref> | latest_year=2012}} ==Eddication== The ''[[Colegio Japonés de Barcelona]]'', a [[Nihonjin gakko|Japanese internaitional schuil]], is locatit in the commune.<ref>"[http://www.colegiojaponesbcn.org/fpcj/access.html バルセロナ日本人学校地図]" () ''[[Colegio Japonés de Barcelona]]''. Retrieved on 4 January 2014. "Can Graells 61, 08174, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain"</ref> ==Sister ceeties== *{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Alba, Piemont|Alba]], Italy ==References== {{reflist}} * Panareda Clopés, Josep Maria; Rios Calvet, Jaume; Rabella Vives, Josep Maria (1989). ''Guia de Catalunya'', Barcelona:Caixa de Catalunya. ISBN 84-87135-01-3 (Spaingie). ISBN 84-87135-02-1 (Catalan). ==Freemit airtins== {{commons category|Sant Cugat del Vallès, Sapin}} *[http://www.museu.santcugat.cat Museum Wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061109095349/http://www.museu.santcugat.cat/ |date=2006-11-09 }} {{br}} {{Geographic location |Centre = Sant Cugat del Vallès |N = [[Sant Quirze del Vallès]] |NE = |E = [[Cerdanyola del Vallès]] |SE = [[Barcelona]] |S = [[Sant Feliu de Llobregat]] |SW = [[Molins de Rei]] |W = [[Castellbisbal]]<br>[[El Papiol]] |NW = [[Rubí, Barcelona|Rubí]] }} {{Valles Occidental}} {{Municipalities in Barcelona}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sant Cugat Del Valles}} [[Category:Sant Cugat del Vallès| ]] [[Category:Municipalities in Vallès Occidental]] aknl5fnbt24riw0lmzzfu8xr63zttj3 0 84648 918401 885273 2026-06-19T23:25:02Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Korean settlement | title = Nuha-dong | img = | imgwidth = | imgcaption = | hangul = 누하동 | hanja = {{linktext|樓|下|洞}} | rr = Nuha dong | mr = Nuha tong | divs = | map = |mapcaption = }} '''Nuha-dong''' is a ''[[dong (neebourheid)|dong]]'', neebourheid o [[Jongno-gu]] in [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]. It is a legal dong (법정동 {{linktext|法|定|洞}}) admeenistered unner its admeenistrative dong (행정동 {{linktext|行|政|洞}}), [[Hyoja-dong]].<ref name="encyber">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=763348&contentno=763348|title=누하동 (Nuha-dong 樓下洞)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == See an aw == *[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|title=종로구 (Jongno-gu 鍾路區)|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=2008-04-22|language=Korean|archive-date=2012-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204161724/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=139888&contentno=139888|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |url=http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |title=Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong |publisher=[[Guro-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-11-19 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120702/http://www2.guro.go.kr/site/gu/page.jsp?code=guf040100010 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |title=Mapo Information |work=The chart of Beopjeong-dong assigned by Haengjeong-dong (행정동별 관할 법정동 일람표) |publisher=[[Mapo-gu]] Official website |language=Korean |access-date=2014-11-19 |archive-date=2007-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105043941/http://www.mapo.go.kr/Design/html_cms/e_ward/03_office_dong_law.jsp |url-status=dead }} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.jongno.go.kr/english/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid in Inglis] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/index.jsp Jongno-gu Offeecial steid] *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 Status quo o Jongno-gu bi admeenistrative dong]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427054105/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=550302150 |date=2005-04-27 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=2 Hyoja-dong Resident office]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113050935/http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/dong/index.jsp?dp=2 |date=2006-11-13 }} *{{ko}} [http://www.jongno.go.kr/wcms4/page?pageId=290025266&C_290008854_290008855=%EB%88%84%ED%95%98%EB%8F%99&C_290008854_0=290010851&C_290008854_290008853=%ED%9A%A8%EC%9E%90%EB%8F%99&LIST_PAGE_ID_290008854=270005366 Oreegin o Nuha-dong name]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Jongno-gu}} {{coord missing|South Korea}} [[Category:Neebourheids o Jongno-gu]] eoacfklct4v5lb2ijhopfjcdvdc50aa 0 85505 918376 885482 2026-06-19T21:33:04Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Italian comune | name = Misilmeri | official_name = Comune di Misilmeri | native_name = | image_skyline = | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_shield = Misilmeri-Stemma.gif | shield_alt = | shield_size = px | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | coordinates = {{coord|38|2|5|N|13|27|5|E|region:IT_type:city|display=inline}} | coordinates_footnotes = | region = [[Sicily]] | province = [[Province o Palermo|Palermo]] (PA) | frazioni = [[Gibilrossa]], Portella di Mare | mayor_party = | mayor = Pietro D'Aì | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 69 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 28074 | population_as_of = 31 December 2010 | pop_density_footnotes = | population_demonym = Misilmeresi | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 129 | twin1 = | twin1_country = | saint = San Giusto | day = Last Sunday of August | postal_code = 90036 | area_code = 091 | website = {{official|http://www.comune.misilmeri.pa.it/}} | footnotes = }} '''Misilmeri''' ([[Sicilian leid|Sicilian]]: '''''Musulumeli''''') is a town and ''[[comune]]'' in the [[province o Palermo]], [[Sicily]], [[Italy]]. It is approximately {{convert|15|km|mi|0}} frae [[Palermo]] an its name means "the restin place or the messuage o the Emir", an dates frae the Muslim [[emirate o Sicily]] age. The veelage rose aroond a castle (the day kent as ''Castello dell'Emiro'', or "Castle o the Emir") foondit bi emir Jafar II (998-1019). The population is approximately 28,000 fowk. Misilmeri is locatit in the Eleuterio Valley on the soothren slopes o Montagna Grande. ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.sicilianfamilytree.com/misilmeridatabases.htm Misilmeri civil births, marriages and deaths]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611153404/http://www.sicilianfamilytree.com/misilmeridatabases.htm |date=2008-06-11 }} *[http://www.comune.misilmeri.pa.it Misilmeri Town Hall web site (www.comune.misilmeri.pa.it)] *[http://www.misilmeri.org Misilmeri Town Hall web site 2 (www.misilmeri.org)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029051319/http://www.misilmeri.org/ |date=2016-10-29 }} {{commonscat|Misilmeri}} {{Province o Palermo}} n1p308s09z3g31mh91fqcccd835hx6b 0 85760 918448 885267 2026-06-20T06:13:35Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918448 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |name =Sandona |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipality]] an toun |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Colombia - Nariño - Sandoná.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o Sandona in the Nariño Depairtment o Colombie. |pushpin_map = |pushpin_mapsize =300 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Colombie |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombie}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Nariño]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |coordinates = |timezone = Colombie Staundart Time |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Sandona''' is a toun an municipality in the [[Nariño]] Depairtment, [[Colombie]]. ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://sandona-narino.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-t1--&m=f Sandona offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928063030/http://sandona-narino.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m-t1--&m=f |date=2007-09-28 }} *{{es icon}} [http://www.umariana.edu.co/sandona.htm Mariana Varsity; history o Sandona] {{Municipalities narino depairtment}} {{coord|1|17|N|77|28|W|display=title|region:CO_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}} [[Category:Populatit places in Nariño]] [[Category:Municipalities o Nariño]] qmuijp299wa35b19r7dvqixl5yoyq9x 0 86669 918486 885328 2026-06-20T10:09:50Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Thibaut Courtois | image = Courtois aug 2014.jpg | image_size = 250 | caption = Courtois playin for [[Real Madrid C.F.|Chelsea]] in 2014 | fullname = Thibaut Nicolas Marc Courtois<ref>[http://actas.rfef.es/actas/RFEF_CmpActa1?cod_primaria=1000144&CodActa=14518 Acta del Partido celebrado el 28 de agosto de 2011, en Madrid - Atlético Madrid vs Osasuna] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200312224258/http://actas.rfef.es/actas/RFEF_CmpActa1?cod_primaria=1000144&CodActa=14518 |date=2020-03-12 }}; [[Royal Spanish Football Federation|RFEF]], 28 August 2011 {{es icon}}</ref> | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1992|5|11|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Bree, Belgium]] | height = {{height|m=1.99}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/teams/first-team/thibaut-courtois.html|title=Player Profile: Thibaut Courtois|publisher=chelseafc.com}}</ref> | position = [[Goalkeeper (association fitbaw)|Goalkeeper]] | currentclub = [[Real Madrid C.F.]] | clubnumber = 1 | youthyears1 = 1997–1999 | youthclubs1 = Bilzen V.V. | youthyears2 = 1999–2009 | youthclubs2 = [[K.R.C. Genk|Genk]] | years1 = 2009–2011 | clubs1 = [[K.R.C. Genk|Genk]] | caps1 = 41 | goals1 = 0 | years2 = 2011– | clubs2 = [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] | caps2 = 19 | goals2 = 0 | years3 = 2011–2014 | clubs3 = → [[Atlético Madrid]] (loan) | caps3 = 111 | goals3 = 0 Real Madrid C.F. | nationalyears1 = 2009–2010 | nationalteam1 = [[Belgium naitional unner-18 fitbaw team|Belgium U18]] | nationalcaps1 = 4 | nationalgoals1 = 0 | nationalyears2 = 2011– | nationalteam2 = [[Belgium naitional fitbaw team|Belgium]] | nationalcaps2 = 27 | nationalgoals2 = 0 | club-update = 22 December 2014 | nationalteam-update = 18 November 2014 }} '''Thibaut Nicolas Marc Courtois''' ({{IPA-fr|tibo kuʁtwa}}; born 11 Mey 1992) is a Belgian professional [[Association fitbaw|fitbawer]] wha plays for Inglis club [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] an the [[Belgium naitional fitbaw team|Belgium naitional team]] as a [[Goalkeeper (association fitbaw)|goalkeeper]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Chelsea F.C. squad}} {{Belgium squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} {{Navboxes colour |title = Awairds |bg = Gold |fg = Black |bordercolor = Black |list1 = {{Belgian Professional Goalkeeper of the Year}} {{La Liga Zamora Trophy}} {{La Liga Goalkeeper of the Year}} {{Belgian Sportsperson of the Year}} }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Courtois, Thibaut}} [[Category:1992 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Bree, Belgium]] [[Category:Flemish fowk]] [[Category:Flemish sportsfowk]] [[Category:Belgian fitbawers]] [[Category:Belgium youth internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Belgium internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Association fitbaw goalkeepers]] [[Category:Belgian Pro League players]] [[Category:La Liga players]] [[Category:Premier League players]] [[Category:K.R.C. Genk players]] [[Category:Chelsea F.C. players]] [[Category:Atlético Madrid fitbawers]] [[Category:Belgian expatriate fitbawers]] [[Category:Expatriate fitbawers in Ingland]] [[Category:Expatriate fitbawers in Spain]] [[Category:Belgian expatriates in Ingland]] [[Category:Belgian expatriates in Spain]] [[Category:2014 FIFA Warld Cup players]] [[Category:2018 FIFA Warld Cup players]] noigpje1xwv1lcvbqggj61iskvuosss 0 123651 918357 916583 2026-06-19T14:37:54Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918357 wikitext text/x-wiki This is a '''leet o wather records''', a leet o the maist extreme occurrences o wather phenomena for various categories. ==Temperatur== ===Measurin condeetions=== The staundart measurin condeetions for temperatur are in the air, 1.5 meters abuin the grund, an shielded frae direct sunlicht (hence the term, x degrees "in the shade").<ref name=running2011 /> The follaein leets include aw offeecially confirmed claims measurt bi those methods. Temperaturs measured directly on the grund mey exceed air temperaturs bi 30 tae 50&nbsp;°C.<ref name=running2011>p. 855-857, [http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/2011BAMS3067.1 Satellite Finds Highest Land Skin Temperatures on Earth], David J. Mildrexler, Maosheng Zhao, and Steven W. Running, ''Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society'', July 2011, pp. 855-860, {{doi|10.1175/2011BAMS3067.1}}.</ref> A grund temperature o 84&nbsp;°C (183.2&nbsp;°F) haes been recordit in Port Sudan, Sudan.<ref>Table 9.2, p. 158, ''Dryland Climatology'', Sharon E. Nicholson, Cambridge University Press, 2011, ISBN 1139500244.</ref> A grund temperatur o 93.9&nbsp;°C (201&nbsp;°F) wis recordit in [[Furnace Creek, Californie|Furnace Creek]], [[Death Valley]], [[Californie]], [[USA]] on 15 Julie 1972; this mey be the heichest naitural grund surface temperatur ever recordit.<ref>A possible warld record maximum naitural grund surface temperatur, Paul Kubecka, ''Weather'', '''56''', #7 (July 2001), ''Weather'', pp. 218-221, {{doi|10.1002/j.1477-8696.2001.tb06577.x}}.</ref> The theoretical maximum possible grund surface temperatur haes been estimatit tae be atween 90 and 100&nbsp;°C for dry, darkish siles o law thermal conductivity.<ref>[http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/1520-0450%281992%29031%3C1096%3AEMLST%3E2.0.CO%3B2 Extreme Maximum Land Surface Temperatures], J. R. Garratt, Journal of Applied Meteorology, '''31''', #9 (September 1992), pp. 1096–1105, {{doi|10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<1096:EMLST>2.0.CO;2}}</ref> Satellite measurements o grund temperature taken atween 2003 an 2009, taken wi the [[MODIS]] [[infrared]] spectroradiometer on the [[Aqua (satellite)|Aqua]] satellite, foond a maximum temperatur o 70.7&nbsp;°C (159.3&nbsp;°F), which wis recorded in 2005 in the [[Lut Desert]], [[Iran]]. The Lut Desert wis an aa foond tae hae the heichest maximum temperatur in 5 o the 7 years measurt (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 an 2009.) Thir measurements reflect averages ower a lairge region an sae are lawer than the maximum pynt surface temperatur.<ref name=running2011 /> Satellite measurements o the surface temperatur o Antarctica, taken atween 1982 an 2013, foond a cauldest temperatur o −93.2&nbsp;°C (−136&nbsp;°F) on 10 August 2010, at {{Coord|81.8|S|59.3|E}}. Althou this is nae comparable tae an air temperature, it is believed that the air temperatur at this location wad hae been lawer than the offeecial record lawest air temperatur o −89.2&nbsp;°C.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-25287806 Coldest spot on Earth identified by satellite], Jonathan Amos, BBC News, 9 December 2013.</ref><ref>[http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2013/files/2013/12/ColdestPlaceOnEarth.pdf The Coldest Place on Earth: -90°C and below from Landsat 8 and other satellite thermal sensors], Ted Scambos, Allen Pope, Garrett Campbell, and Terry Haran, [[American Geophysical Union]] fall meeting, 9 December 2013.</ref> ===Heat=== ====Heichest temperaturs ever recordit bi continent==== [[File:Koppen World Map BWh.png|280px|thumb|A warld cairt shawin auries wi [[Köppen climate clessification|Köppen]] ''BWh'' (het desert climate). The temperaturs in thir regions hae the potential tae exceed 50&nbsp;&deg;C (122&nbsp;°F) during the hettest saisons.]] ==== Africae{{refn |group="notes"|Accordin tae Christopher Burt, Africae's hettest reliably measured temperatur is 50.7°C (123.3°F) at [[Semara]], [[Wastren Sahara]] on 13 Julie 1961.<ref name="reliably">{{cite web|last=Burt|first=Christopher C.|title=Hottest Reliably Measured Air Temperatures on Earth: PART TWO|url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/hottest-reliably-measured-air-temperatures-on-earth-part-two.html|publisher=Weather Underground|date=19 August 2016|accessdate=2 October 2016}}</ref> This vailyie wis surpassed on 5 Julie 2018 whan {{convert|51.3|C|F}} wis recordit at [[Ouargla]], [[Algerie]] on 5 Julie 2018.<ref name=watts2018/>}} ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region ! Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- |{{flag|Algerie}} |{{convert|51.3|C|F}} |[[El Bayadh]], [[El Bayadh Province]] / [[Ouargla]], [[Ouargla Province]] |{{Dts|2 September 1979}}<ref name=AlgeriaCC>{{cite web |url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/algnc2.pdf |title=Seconde Communication Nationale de L'Algerie Sur Les Changements Climatiques a la CCNUCC |publisher=Ministere de L'Amenagement du Territoire et de L'Environnement |year=2010 |language=French |page=27 |accessdate=23 October 2016}}</ref>/{{Dts| 5 Julie 2018}}<ref name=watts2018>{{cite web |last1=Watts |first1=Jonathan |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731151105/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/jul/13/heatwave-sees-record-high-temperatures-set-around-world-this-week |archivedate=31 July 2018 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/jul/13/heatwave-sees-record-high-temperatures-set-around-world-this-week |title=Heatwave sees record high temperatures around world this week |publisher=The Guardian |date=13 July 2018 |accessdate=31 July 2018}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Botswana}} |{{convert|44.0|C|F}} |[[Maun, Botswana|Maun]] |{{Dts|7 Januar 2016}}<ref>{{cite web | url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201601112526.html|title=Botswana: Heat Wave Breaks Maximum Temperature Records}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Burkina Faso}} |{{convert|47.2|C|F}} |[[Dori, Burkina Faso|Dori]] |{{Dts|1984}}<ref name=burkinaclimatechange>{{cite web | url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/napa/bfa01f.pdf |title=Programme D'Action National D'Adaptation a la Variabilite et aux Changements Climatiques (Pana du Burkina Faso) |publisher=Ministere de L'Environnnement et du Cadre de Vie |language=French |page=11 |accessdate=22 October 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Chad}} |{{convert|47.6|C|F}} |[[Faya-Largeau]] |{{Dts|22 Juin 2010}}<ref name="wu">{{cite web|url=https://www.cyprus-weather.org/temperature-breaks-all-records/|title=Temperature breaks all records in Cyprus|author=|first=|date=7 August 2010|website=|publisher=Weather Underground|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Comoros}} |{{convert|36.0|C|F}} |[[Prince Said Ibrahim Internaitional Airport|Hahaya Internaitional Airport]] |{{Dts|15 November 2017}}<ref name=JeffMasters2017records>{{cite web |last1=Masters |first1=Jeff |url=https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/noaa-earth-had-its-third-warmest-year-record-2017 |title=NOAA: Earth Had Its Third Warmest Year on Record in 2017 |publisher=Wunderground |date=18 January 2018 |accessdate=29 April 2018}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Eswatini|name=Eswatini (Swaziland)}} |{{convert|47.4|°C|°F}} |[[Lavumisa]] | ?<ref name=swazilandrecords>{{cite web|url=http://resources.bgs.ac.uk/sadcreports/swaziland1991cidagroundwaterresourcesa.pdf |title=Groundwater Resources of Swaziland |publisher=Swaziland Ministry of Natural Resources, Land Use and Energy |page=6 |date=December 1992 |accessdate=22 October 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Ghana}} |{{convert|43.8|C|F}} |[[Navrongo]] |{{Dts|26 Mairch 2017}}<ref name=JeffMasters2017records/> |- |{{flag|Guinea}} |{{convert|45|C|F}} |[[Koundara]], [[Boké Region]] |{{Dts|29 Mairch 2017}}<ref name=JeffMasters2017records/> |- |{{flag|Niger}} |{{convert|49.5|C|F}} |[[Diffa]] |{{Dts|7 September 1978}}<ref name=nigerCC>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180506213909/https://unfccc.int/files/national_reports/non-annex_i_natcom/submitted_natcom/application/pdf/nernc3.pdf |archivedate=6 May 2018 |url=https://unfccc.int/files/national_reports/non-annex_i_natcom/submitted_natcom/application/pdf/nernc3.pdf |title=Troisieme Communication Nationale A La Conference Des Parties De La Conventioncadre Des Nations Unies Sur Les Changements Climatiques |publisher=Republique de Niger |page=8 |accessdate=6 May 2018}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Nigerie}} |{{convert|46.4|C|F}} |[[Yola, Nigerie|Yola]] |{{Dts|3 Apryle 2010}}<ref name="wu"/> |- |{{flag|Réunion}} |{{convert|36.9|C|F}} |[[Le Port, Réunion|Le Port]] |{{Dts|6 Mairch 2004}}<ref name=reunionrecords>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101020215/http://www.meteofrance.re/climat/description-du-climat |archivedate=1 January 2019 | url=http://www.meteofrance.re/climat/description-du-climat |title=Climat de la Réunion |publisher=Météo-France |language=French |accessdate=31 December 2018}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Sooth Africae}} |{{convert|50|C|F}} |[[Dunbrody, Eastren Cape|Dunbrody]], [[Eastren Cape]] |{{Dts|3 November 1918}}<ref name="saws">{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517132011/http://www.weathersa.co.za/learning/climate-questions/39-what-are-the-temperature-rainfall-and-wind-extremes-in-sa |archivedate=17 May 2017|url=http://www.weathersa.co.za/learning/climate-questions/39-what-are-the-temperature-rainfall-and-wind-extremes-in-sa |title=What are the temperature, rainfall and wind extremes in SA? | publisher=[[South African Weather Service]]|accessdate=17 May 2017}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Sudan}} |{{convert|49.7|C|F}} |[[Dongola]] |{{Dts|25 Juin 2010}}<ref name="wu"/> |- |{{flag|Tunisie}} |{{convert|55|C|F}} |[[Kebili]] |{{Dts|7 Julie 1931}}<ref name=bams>{{cite journal|author1=Khalid Ibrahim El Fadli |author2=Randall S. Cerveny |author3=Christopher C. Burt |author4=Philip Eden |author5=David Parker |author6=Manola Brunet |author7=Thomas C. Peterson |author8=Gianpaolo Mordacchini |author9=Vinicio Pelino |author10=Pierre Bessemoulin |author11=José Luis Stella |author12=Fatima Driouech |author13=M.M Abdel wahab |author14=Matthew B. Pace |title=World Meteorological Organization Assessment of the Purported World Record 58°C Temperature Extreme at El Azizia, Libya (13 September 1922)|journal=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society|year=2012|doi=10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00093.1|volume=94|issue=2 |pages=199–204|bibcode=2013BAMS...94..199E}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Wastren Sahara}} |{{convert|50.7|C|F}} |[[Semara]] |{{Dts|13 Julie 1961}}<ref name=reliably/> |- |{{flag|Zambie}} |{{convert|42.4|C|F}} |[[Mfuwe]], [[Eastren Province, Zambie|Eastren Province]] |{{Dts|13 October 2010}}<ref name="wu"/> |} ==== Antarcticae ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region !data-sort-type="number" | Temperature !Toun/Location !Date |- | {{flag|Antarcticae}} (aw laund/ice sooth o 60°S) | {{convert|19.8|C|F}} | [[Signy Resairch Station]], [[Sooth Orkney Islands]] |{{Dts|30 Januar 1982}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wmo.asu.edu/content/antarctica-highest-temperature |title=WMO Region VII (Antarctica): Highest Temperature |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=1 March 2017 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106025041/https://wmo.asu.edu/content/antarctica-highest-temperature |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Antarcticae}} (mainland an adjynin islands) |{{convert|17.5|C|F}} |[[Esperanza Base]], [[Trinity Peninsula]] |{{Dts|24 Mairch 2015}}<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/mar/31/potential-record-high-temperature-in-antarctica-alarms-scientists | title = Antarctica records unprecedented high temperatures in two new readings | last = Mccarthy | first = Tom | work = The Guardian | date = 31 March 2015 | accessdate = 8 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://wmo.asu.edu/content/antarctica-highest-temperature-continent |title=WMO Region VII (Antarctica mainland & adjoining islands): Highest Temperature |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=1 March 2017 |archive-date=2017-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302030128/https://wmo.asu.edu/content/antarctica-highest-temperature-continent |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Antarcticae}} ([[Antarctic Plateau]] > {{convert|2,500|m|ft|0}}) |{{convert|-7.0|C|F}} | Automatit Wather Station D-80 (coordinates: 70°6'S, 134°53'W, elevation: {{convert|2,500|m|ft|0}}) |{{Dts|28 December 1989}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wmo.asu.edu/content/antarctica-highest-temperature-plateau |title=WMO Region VII (Antarctica plateau>2500m): Highest Temperature |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=29 April 2018 |archive-date=2018-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430113958/https://wmo.asu.edu/content/antarctica-highest-temperature-plateau |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |[[Sooth Pole]] |{{convert|-12.3|C|F}} |[[Amundsen–Scott Sooth Pole Station]] |{{Dts|25 December 2011}}<ref name="Antarctic Sun">{{cite web |url=http://antarcticsun.usap.gov/features/contenthandler.cfm?id=2563 |title=Heat wave: South Pole hits record high temperature on Christmas Day |publisher=United States Antarctic Program |date=29 December 2011 |accessdate=1 February 2012 |archive-date=2013-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523025538/http://antarcticsun.usap.gov/features/contenthandler.cfm?id=2563 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} ==== Asie ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region ! Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- |{{flag|Afghanistan}} |{{convert|49.9|C|F}} |[[Farah, Afghanistan|Farah]] |{{Dts|August 2009}}<ref name="afghan record">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FVGaAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA48|title=Afghanistan Constitution and Citizenship Law Handboook – Strategic Information and Basic Laws|last=inc|first=Ibp|date=2013|publisher=Int'l Business Publications|isbn=978-1-4387-7835-8|page=48}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Armenie}} |{{convert|43.7|C|F}} |[[Meghri]] |{{Dts|1 August 2011}}<ref name=ArmeniaCC>{{cite web |url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/armnc3.pdf |title=Republic of Armenia Third National Communication on Climate Change |publisher=Ministry of Nature Protection |year=2015 |page=3 |accessdate=23 October 2016}}</ref><ref name=Armeniarecordhigh>{{cite web |url=http://hetq.am/eng/news/3377/hottest-day-on-record---437-celsius.html |title=Hottest Day on Record – 43.7 Celsius |publisher=Hetq Online |date=3 August 2011 |accessdate=23 October 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Azerbaijan}} |{{convert|46.0|C|F}} |[[Julfa, Azerbaijan (ceety)|Julfa]] an [[Ordubad]] |?<ref name=azhydromet>{{cite web |last1=Mahmudov |first1=Rza |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524005453/http://www.azhydromet.com/SRIH/Water%20Resurs.html |archivedate=24 May 2007 |url=http://www.azhydromet.com/SRIH/Water%20Resurs.html |title=Water Resources of the Azerbaijan Republic |publisher=Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Azerbaijan Republic |accessdate=27 November 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Bangladesh}} |{{convert|45.1|C|F}} |[[Rajshahi]] |{{Dts|30 Mey 1972}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://asiantribune.com/node/17080 |title=Bangladesh records highest temperature 42.2 degree Celsius in last 14 years |work=Asian Tribune |date=27 April 2009 |accessdate=7 November 2016 |archive-date=2015-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150618065730/http://asiantribune.com/node/17080 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Bhutan}} |{{convert|40|C|F}} |[[Phuentsholing]] |{{Dts|27 August 1997}}<ref>{{cite news|author1=Passang Norbu|title=The heat has got into the Himalayas|url=http://www.kuenselonline.com/the-heat-has-got-to-the-himalayas/#.VPR-x9KUdA0|accessdate=2 March 2015|work=Kuensel|date=14 June 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402095043/http://www.kuenselonline.com/the-heat-has-got-to-the-himalayas/#.VPR-x9KUdA0|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Cambodie}} |{{convert|42.6|C|F}} |[[Preah Vihear Province|Preah Vihear]] |{{Dts|15 Apryle 2016}}<ref name="meteofranceasia">{{cite web |url=http://www.meteofrance.fr/actualites/35905150-asie-vague-de-chaleur-exceptionnelle |title=Exceptional Heat Wave 2016 |work=[[Meteo France]] |accessdate=29 April 2016 |archive-date=2016-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428202234/http://www.meteofrance.fr/actualites/35905150-asie-vague-de-chaleur-exceptionnelle |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Cheenae}} |{{convert|50.5|C|F}} |[[Erbao Tounship]], [[Turpan]], [[Xinjiang]] |{{Dts|10 Julie 2017}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1572543886818701&wfr=spider&for=pc|title=50.5℃！全国最高气温问世 未来或将再创新纪录|work=baijiahao.baidu.com}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Hong Kong}} |{{convert|39.0|C|F}} |[[Hong Kong Wetland Park|Wetland Park]] |{{Dts|22 August 2017}}<ref name=JeffMasters2017records/> |- |{{flag|Macau}} |{{convert|39.0|C|F}} |[[Coloane]] |{{Dts|22 August 2017}}<ref name=JeffMasters2017records/> |- |{{flag|Indie}} |{{convert|51.0|C|F}} |[[Phalodi]], [[Rajasthan]] |{{Dts|19 May 2016}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.skymetweather.com/content/weather-news-and-analysis/indian-summer-makes-history-phalodi-in-rajasthan-boils-at-51c/|title=Indian summer makes history, Phalodi in Rajasthan boils at 51°C|work=Skymet Weather}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Indonesie}} |{{convert|39.5|C|F}} |[[Jatiwangi]], [[Majalengka Regency]], [[Wast Java]] /<br>[[Semarang]], [[Central Java]] |{{Dts|December 2006}} /<br>27 October 2015<ref name=wu20151027>{{cite web|url=http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/comment.html?entrynum=3169|title=Indonesia ties all-time national heat record|accessdate=31 October 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161109200547/https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/comment.html?entrynum=3169|archivedate=9 November 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Iran}} |{{convert|54|C|F}} |[[Ahvaz]] Airport (OIAW) |{{Dts|29 Juin 2017}}.<ref name=reliably/><ref name="Samenow2016">{{cite web |last1=Samenow |first1=Jason |title=Two Middle East locations hit 129 degrees, hottest ever in Eastern Hemisphere, maybe the world|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2016/07/22/two-middle-east-locations-hit-129-degrees-hottest-ever-in-eastern-hemisphere-maybe-the-world/|publisher=The Washington Post|date=22 July 2016|accessdate=23 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/Weather/iran-ahvaz-hottest-temperature-ever-recorded-world-record-extreme-death-valley-california-a7815771.html |title=Temperatures in Iranian city of Ahvaz hit 129.2F (54C), near hottest on Earth in modern measurements |publisher=independent.com |date=30 June 2017 |accessdate=30 June 2017}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Iraq}} |{{convert|53.8|C|F}} |[[Basra]] |{{Dts|22 Julie 2016}}<ref name=Samenow2016/><ref name=Tapper2016>{{cite web |last1=Tapper |first1=James |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/jul/23/think-youre-hot-spare-a-thought-for-kuwait-as-mercury-hits-record-54c |title=Think you're hot? Spare a thought for Kuwait, as mercury hits record 54C |publisher=The Guardian |date=23 July 2016 |accessdate=22 October 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Israel}} |{{convert|54|C|F}} |[[Tirat Zvi]] |{{Dts|21 Juin 1942}}<ref name="ims">{{cite web|url=http://ims.gov.il/IMSEng/CLIMATE/TopClimetIsrael/ |title=Climate Extremes in Israel |publisher=Israel Meteorological Service |date=21 June 1942 |accessdate=5 October 2016}}</ref>{{refn |group="notes"|The temperature has been reported as {{convert|54|C|F}}, however weather historian Christopher Burt argues that the thermograph trace was misread.<ref name="htoe">{{cite web|last=Burt|first=Christopher C.|title=Hottest air temperatures reported on Earth|url=http://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/comment.html?entrynum=3|website=Weather Underground|date=October 22, 2010|accessdate=7 January 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103200557/http://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/comment.html?entrynum=3|archivedate=3 January 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>}} |- |{{flag|Japan}} |{{convert|41.1|C|F}} |[[Kumagaya, Saitama|Kumagaya]], [[Saitama Prefectur|Saitama]] |{{Dts|23 Julie 2018}}<ref name="JMA">{{cite web |url=http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rankall.php?prec_no=&block_no=&year=&month=&day=&view=|title=former National Rankings|accessdate=13 August 2013 |publisher=[[Japan Meteorological Agency]]}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Jordan}} |{{convert|50|C|F}} |Jordan University Agriculture Research Center |{{Dts|6 September 2002}}<ref name=Jordanrecords>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127213759/http://jometeo.gov.jo/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9 |archivedate=27 November 2016 |url=http://jometeo.gov.jo/معلومات-مناخية-وزراعية/القيم-المتطرفة |script-title=ar:القيم المتطرفة |publisher=Jordanian Meteorological Department |language=Arabic |accessdate=27 November 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Kuwait}} |{{convert|53.9|C|F}} |[[Mitribah]] |{{Dts|21 Julie 2016}}<ref name=WMOJune2019>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618130839/https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/wmo-verifies-3rd-and-4th-hottest-temperature-recorded-earth |archivedate=18 June 2019 |url=https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/wmo-verifies-3rd-and-4th-hottest-temperature-recorded-earth |title=WMO verifies 3rd and 4th hottest temperature recorded on Earth |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=18 June 2019}}</ref>{{refn |group="notes"|According to the World Meteorological Organization, the reported temperature is the highest recorded in Asia.<ref name=WMOJune2019/>}} |- |{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}} |{{convert|44.0|C|F}} |? |?<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://mineconom.gov.kg/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2055:country-profile&lang=kg |title=Country profile |website=mineconom.gov.kg |publisher=Ministry of Economy of the Kyrgyz Republic |accessdate=13 January 2017 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220074546/http://mineconom.gov.kg/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2055:country-profile&lang=kg |archivedate=20 December 2016 }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Laos}} |{{convert|42.3|C|F}} |[[Seno, Laos|Seno]] |{{Dts|12 Apryle 2016}}<ref name=meteofranceasia/> |- |{{flag|Malaysie}} |{{convert|40.1|C|F}} |[[Chuping]] |{{Dts|9 Apryle 1998}}<ref name="climate stats 01">{{cite news| title=General Climate Information| url=http://www.met.gov.my/web/metmalaysia/education/climate/generalclimateinformation| publisher=Malaysia Meteorological Department| accessdate=30 June 2010| archive-date=2015-11-16| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116010753/http://www.met.gov.my/web/metmalaysia/education/climate/generalclimateinformation| url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Maldives}} |{{convert|34.9|C|F}} |[[Hanimaadhoo (Haa Dhaalu Atoll)|Hanimaadhoo]] |{{Dts|16 Apryle 2016}}<ref name="meteofranceasia"/> |- |{{flag|Mongolia}} |{{convert|44.0|C|F}} |[[Khongor, Darkhan-Uul|Khongor]], [[Darkhan-Uul Province]] |{{Dts|24 Julie 1999}}<ref name=MARCC>{{cite web |url=http://www.unep.org/pdf/MARCC2009_BOOK.pdf |title=Mongolia: Assessment Report on Climate Change 2009 |publisher=Ministry of Environment, Nature and Tourism, Mongolia |pages=36–37 |date=September 2009 |accessdate=23 October 2016 |archive-date=2015-12-09 |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20151209053717/http://www.unep.org/pdf/MARCC2009_BOOK.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Myanmar}} |{{convert|47.2|C|F}} |[[Myinmu]] |{{Dts|14 Mey 2010}}<ref name=Myint2016>{{cite web |last1=Myint |first1=Yee |url=http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/national-news/yangon/20063-heat-takes-its-toll.html |title=Heat takes its toll |publisher=Myanmar Times |date=2 May 2016 |accessdate=23 October 2016}}</ref><ref name=Soe2016>{{cite web |last1=Soe |first1=Kyaw |url=http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/national-news/mandalay-upper-myanmar/19170-warnings-of-strong-el-nino-through-june.html |title=Warnings of strong El Niño through June |publisher=Myanmar Times |date=25 February 2016 |accessdate=23 October 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Nepal}} |{{convert|46.0|°C|°F}} |[[Chisapani, Bardiya|Chisapani]] | ?<ref name=faoNepal>{{cite web |url=http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/Counprof/Nepal/Nepal.htm |title=Nepal |work=Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization |accessdate=24 October 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024140133/http://www.fao.org/ag/agp/agpc/doc/Counprof/Nepal/nepal.htm |archivedate=24 October 2016 }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Oman}} |{{convert|50.8|C|F}} |[[Buraimi]],<br>[[Sohar]], <br>[[Qurayyat, Oman|Qurayyat]] |{{Dts|Julie 1990}}, <br>{{Dts|Mey 2009}}, <br>{{Dts|30 Mey 2017}}<ref name=jfwu17>Jeff Masters, [https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/historic-heat-wave-sweeps-asia-middle-east-and-europe Historic Heat Wave Sweeps Asia, the Middle East and Europe], 6 June 2017</ref> |- |{{flag|Pakistan}} |{{convert|53.7|C|F}} |[[Turbat]] |{{Dts|28 Mey 2017}}<ref name=WMOJune2019/> |- |{{flag|Philippines}} |{{convert|42.2|C|F}} |[[Tuguegarao]], [[Cagayan Valley]] |{{Dts|12 Apryle 1912}}, 11 Mey 1969<ref name=PhilippinesCC>{{cite web |url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/phlnc2.pdf |title=Second National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |publisher=Government of the Philippines |date=29 December 2014 |page=6 |accessdate=24 October 2016 }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Qatar}} |{{convert|50.4|C|F}} |[[Doha]] |{{Dts|14 Julie 2010}}<ref name="wu"/> |- |{{flag|Roushie}} (Siberie) |{{convert|42.3|C|F}} |[[Belogorsk, Amur Oblast|Belogorsk]], [[Amur Oblast]] |{{Dts|12 Julie 2010}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/comment.html?entrynum=1546 |title=Wunder Blog |publisher=Weather Underground |date=19 July 2010 |accessdate=28 January 2011 |archive-date=2010-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100722041822/http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/comment.html?entrynum=1546 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Saudi Arabie}} |{{convert|52.0|C|F}} |[[Jeddah]] |{{Dts|23 Juin 2010}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentID=2010062476182 |deadurl=yes |title=saudigazette|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930232945/http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentID=2010062476182 |archivedate=30 September 2015 }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Singapore}} |{{convert|37.0|C|F}} |[[Tengah, Singapore|Tengah]] |{{Dts|17 Apryle 1983}}<ref name=MSSrecords>{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.gov.sg/climate-historical-extremes-temperature |title=Historical Extremes |publisher=[[Meteorological Service Singapore]] |accessdate=8 December 2016 |archive-date=2016-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127224631/http://www.weather.gov.sg/climate-historical-extremes-temperature/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Sooth Korea}} |{{convert|41.0|C|F}} |[[Hongcheon]], [[Gangwon Province (Sooth Korea)|Gangwon Province]] |{{Dts|1 August 2018}}<ref name="news1">{{cite web|url=https://m.news.naver.com/read.nhn?mode=LSD&sid1=103&sid2=248&oid=421&aid=0003514221|title=한반도 폭염 신기원…서울 39.6도·홍천 41.0도 |publisher=[[news1]]|accessdate=1 August 2018}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Sirie}} |{{convert|49.4|C|F}} | ? | ?<ref name=SyriaCC>{{cite web | url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/syrnc1.pdf |title=Initial National Communication of the Syrian Arab Republic |publisher=Ministry of state for Environmental Affairs |pages=18–20 |date=April 2010|accessdate=24 October 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Taiwan}} |{{convert|40.3|C|F}} |[[Tianxiang]], [[Hualien Coonty]] |{{Dts|9 Julie 2018}}<ref name=watts2018/><ref name="Wunderground">{{cite web|url=https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/Heat-Records-Falling-Around-World-2018|title=Heat Records Falling Around the World in 2018|work=[[Wunderground]]|accessdate=20 September 2018}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Thailand}} |{{convert|44.6|C|F}} |[[Mae Hong Son]] |{{Dts|28 Apryle 2016}}<ref name="meteofranceasia"/> |- |{{flag|Turkey}} |{{convert|49.0|C|F}} |[[Cizre]], [[Şırnak Province]] |{{Dts|27 August 1961}}<ref name="DMIGM">{{cite web|url=https://www.mgm.gov.tr/genel/sss.aspx?s=sicaklikenleri2|title=Türkiye'de ve Dünyada Kaydedilen En Düşük ve En Yüksek Değerler |publisher=Turkish State Meteorological Service |accessdate=10 July 2019}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Turkmenistan}} |{{convert|50.1|C|F}} |[[Repetek Biosphere State Reserve]], [[Karakum Desert]] |{{Dts|28 Julie 1983}}<ref name=TurmenistanCC>{{cite web | url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/tkmnc3.pdf |title=Third National Communication of Turkmenistan Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |publisher=Ministry of Nature Protection of Turkmenistan |pages=12–13 |year=2015 |accessdate=24 October 2016}}</ref><ref name=TurkmenistanUNCCD>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118145252/http://www.unccd-prais.com/Uploads/GetReportPdf/300703d5-c6bc-416b-8aeb-a0fa014a4a8f |archivedate=18 November 2016 |url=http://www.unccd-prais.com/Uploads/GetReportPdf/300703d5-c6bc-416b-8aeb-a0fa014a4a8f |title=Report on implementation of the UNCCD in Turkmenistan |publisher=Ministry of Nature Protection of Turkmenistan |year=2000 |page=7 |accessdate=18 November 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Unitit Arab Emirates}} |{{convert|52.1|C|F}} |[[Al Jazeera Mairch Gate]] |{{Dts|Julie 2002}}<ref name=Leon>{{cite news |last1=Ponce de Leon |first1=Janice |url=http://gulfnews.com/news/uae/weather/debunking-weather-myths-in-the-uae-1.1877541 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118143949/http://gulfnews.com/news/uae/weather/debunking-weather-myths-in-the-uae-1.1877541 |archivedate=18 November 2016 |title=Debunking weather myths in the UAE |publisher=Gulf News |date=11 August 2016 |accessdate=18 November 2016}}</ref><ref name=UAErecordhigh>{{cite news |last1=Croucher |first1=Martin |url=http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/uae-weather-temperature-soars-to-near-record-level |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118144107/http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/uae-weather-temperature-soars-to-near-record-level |archivedate=18 November 2016 |title=UAE weather: Temperature soars to near record level |publisher=The National |date=12 July 2013 |accessdate=18 November 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Vietnam}} |{{convert|43.4|C|F}} |[[Huong Khe Destrict]] |{{Dts|20 Apryle 2019}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cappucci |first1=Matthew |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2019/04/22/vietnam-just-observed-its-highest-temperature-ever-recorded-degrees-april/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505153741/https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2019/04/22/vietnam-just-observed-its-highest-temperature-ever-recorded-degrees-april/ |archivedate=2019-05-05 |title=Vietnam just observed its highest temperature ever recorded: 110 degrees, in April |publisher=The Washington Post |date=22 April 2019 |accessdate=5 May 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> |} ==== Europe ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region ! Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- |{{flag|Albanie}} |{{convert|43.9|C|F}} |[[Tirana]] |{{Dts|1973}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://knoema.com/gbpfred/extreme-temperatures-across-the-world?tsId=1000890|title=Extreme Temperatures across the World|publisher=[[knoema.com|knoema]]|accessdate=26 July 2019 |date=26 July 2019}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Austrick}} |{{convert|40.5|C|F}} |[[Bad Deutsch-Altenburg]] |{{Dts|8 August 2013}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/klima/news/neuer-hitze-rekord-40-5deg-c-in-bad-deutsch-altenburg|title=Neuer Hitze-Rekord: 40,5°C in Bad Deutsch-Altenburg|publisher=[[Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics|ZAMG]]|accessdate=9 August 2013 |date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Belaroushie}} |{{convert|38.9|C|F}} |[[Gomel]] |{{Dts|7 August 2010}}<ref name="wu"/> |- |{{flag|Belgium}} |{{convert|41.8|C|F}} |[[Begijnendijk]], [[Flemish Brabant]]{{refn |group="notes"|name="EuropeanJuly2019"|Part of the [[July 2019 European heat wave]]}} |{{Dts|25 Julie 2019}}<ref name=Belgium1>{{cite web |url=https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2019/07/26/hitte-zo-uitzonderlijk-was-het-gisteren |title=Zo uitzonderlijk was het gisteren: 41,8 graden in Begijnendijk |publisher=VRTNWS|language=Dutch|accessdate=25 July 2019}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} |{{convert|46.2|C|F}} |[[Mostar]] |{{Dts|31 Julie 1901}}<ref name="Federal Hydrometeorological Institute">{{cite web |url=http://www.fhmzbih.gov.ba/engleski/Mostarstanica.php |title=Federal Hydrometeorological Institute |accessdate=28 July 2016 |archive-date=2016-10-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009021245/http://www.fhmzbih.gov.ba/engleski/Mostarstanica.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="meteofrance"/> |- |{{flag|Bulgarie}} |{{convert|45.2|C|F}} |[[Sadovo]], [[Plovdiv Province]] |{{Dts|5 August 1916}}<ref name="unfccc">{{cite web|url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/bulnc2.pdf |title=Bulgaria Second National Communication |accessdate=20 August 2010}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Croatie}} |{{convert|42.8|C|F}} |[[Ploče]] |{{Dts|5 August 1981}}<ref name="cro">{{cite web|url=http://unfccc.int/files/national_reports/annex_i_natcom_/application/pdf/hrv_nc6.pdf#page=23 |title=Croatia Sixth National Communication |format=PDF |accessdate=19 July 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Cyprus}} |{{convert|45.6|C|F}} |[[Nicosia]] |{{Dts|1 August 2010}}<ref name="wu"/> |- |{{flag|Czech Republic}} |{{convert|40.4|C|F}} |[[Dobřichovice]], [[Prague-Wast Destrict]] |{{Dts|20 August 2012}}<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web|url=http://www.atlasceska.cz/ceska-republika/ceska-nej/ |title=Česká republika – Česká nej |publisher=atlasceska.cz |accessdate=20 August 2012}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Denmark}} |{{convert|36.4|C|F}} |[[Holstebro]], [[Midtjylland]] |{{Dts|10 August 1975}}<ref name="dmi">{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426034355/http://www.dmi.dk/vejr/arkiver/normaler-og-ekstremer/vejrekstremer-dk/ |archivedate=26 April 2017 |url=http://www.dmi.dk/vejr/arkiver/normaler-og-ekstremer/vejrekstremer-dk/ |title=Vejrekstremer i Danmark |publisher=Danish Meteorological Institute |language=Danish |accessdate=25 April 2017}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Estonie}} |{{convert|35.6|C|F}} |[[Võru]] |{{Dts|11 August 1992}}<ref name=autogenerated3>{{cite web|url=http://www.ilmateenistus.ee/kliima/rekordid/ohutemperatuur/?lang=en |title=Weather records |publisher=Estonian Weather Services |accessdate=28 September 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Finland}} |{{convert|37.2|C|F}} |[[Joensuu Airport]], [[Liperi]] |{{Dts|29 Julie 2010}}<ref name=fmirecords>{{cite web|url=http://ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/lampotilaennatyksia |title=Lämpötilaennätyksiä |publisher=Finnish Meteorological Institute |language=Finnish |accessdate=3 January 2017}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Fraunce}} |{{convert|46.0|C|F}} |[[Vérargues]], [[Hérault]] |{{Dts|28 Juin 2019}}<ref name="meteofrance">{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721010727/http://www.meteofrance.fr/actualites/74345599-c-est-officiel-on-a-atteint-les-46-c-en-france-en-juin |archivedate=2019-07-21 |url=http://www.meteofrance.fr/actualites/74345599-c-est-officiel-on-a-atteint-les-46-c-en-france-en-juin |title=C'est officiel : on a atteint les 46 °C en France en juin |publisher=Météo France |language=French |accessdate=19 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Germany}} |{{convert|42.6|C|F|abbr=}} |[[Lingen, Germany|Lingen]], [[Lawer Saxony]]{{refn |group="notes"|name="EuropeanJuly2019"}} |{{Dts|25 Julie 2019}}<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www1.wdr.de/nachrichten/wetter-sammlung-100.html|title=Hitzewelle: Lingen mit 42,6 Grad heißester Ort|website=www1.wdr.de|date=25 July 2019|accessdate=25 July 2019}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Greece}} |{{convert|48.0|C|F}} |[[Athens]] {{refn |group="notes"|A temperatur o {{convert|48.7|C|F}} haes an aw been meisurt on the same day in [[Tatoi]], houiver it is nae conseedert tae be the offeecial temperatur record for Greece.<ref name="meteoclub1">{{cite web |url=http://www.meteoclub.gr/themata/egkyklopaideia/1468-rekor-thermokrasias |title=Τα χαμηλότερα και υψηλότερα ρεκόρ θερμοκρασίας στην Ελλάδα |publisher=Meteoclub.gr |date= |accessdate=22 February 2019 |archive-date=2018-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702024059/http://www.meteoclub.gr/themata/egkyklopaideia/1468-rekor-thermokrasias |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} |{{Dts|10 Julie 1977}}<ref name="WMO">{{cite web|url=https://wmo.asu.edu/content/world-meteorological-organization-global-weather-climate-extremes-archive|title=Global Weather & Climate Extremes|publisher=[[World Meteorological Organisation]]|accessdate=2 January 2019|archive-date=2013-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130104143844/http://wmo.asu.edu/world-highest-temperature|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Hungary}} |{{convert|41.9|C|F}} |[[Kiskunhalas]] |{{Dts|20 Julie 2007}}<ref name="met.hu">{{cite web|url=http://owww.met.hu/eghajlat/Magyarorszag/rekordok/ |title=Website of the Hungarian Meteorological Service |publisher=Met.hu |accessdate=7 August 2015}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Iceland}} | {{convert|30.5|C|F}} | Teigarhorn, [[Djúpivogur]] |{{Dts|22 Juin 1939}}<ref name="iceland">Einarsson, Markús. [http://en.vedur.is/media/loftslag/myndasafn/frodleikur/Einarsson.pdf Climate of Iceland] pg 683. Retrieved 29 April 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.icelandreview.com/icelandreview/daily_news/?cat_id=16539&ew_0_a_id=309709 Heat Wave Hits Iceland, New Records Set] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629021152/http://www.icelandreview.com/icelandreview/daily_news/?cat_id=16539&ew_0_a_id=309709 |date=2009-06-29 }} ''[[Iceland Review]]'' 31 July 2008. Retrieved 29 April 2009.</ref> |- |{{flag|Ireland}} |{{convert|33.3|C|F}} |[[Kilkenny Castle]], [[Coonty Kilkenny]] |{{Dts|26 Juin 1887}}<ref name="Met Éireann">{{cite web |url=http://www.met.ie/climate/temperature.asp |title=Temperature – Climate – Met Éireann – The Irish Meteorological Service Online |publisher=Met.ie |date=2 January 1979 |accessdate=20 August 2010 |archive-date=2019-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107003129/https://www.met.ie/climate/temperature.asp%20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Italy}} |{{convert|47.0|C|F}} |[[Foggia]], [[Apulie]] {{refn |group="notes"|A disputit record temperatur o 48.5&nbsp;°C (119.3&nbsp;°F) wis measurt on 10 August 1999 in [[Catenanuova]], Sicily.<ref name=Italy1/>}} |{{Dts|25 Juin 2007}}<ref name=Italy1>{{cite web |url=http://www.meteogiornale.it/notizia/9192-1-battuti-i-record-di-caldo-italia-del-sud-nella-fornace-africana-punte-di-47c |title=BATTUTI I RECORD DI CALDO: Italia del Sud nella fornace africana, punte di +47 °C |publisher=Meteogiornale |date=25 June 2007 |accessdate=8 May 2014 |language=Italian |archive-date=2014-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512224114/http://www.meteogiornale.it/notizia/9192-1-battuti-i-record-di-caldo-italia-del-sud-nella-fornace-africana-punte-di-47c |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Italy>{{cite web|url=http://www.centrometeotoscana.it/2012/07/07/il-record-italiano-di-caldo-48-5c/ |title=Il record italiano di caldo: +48.5 °C|publisher=CentroMeteoToscana |date=7 July 2012 |accessdate=8 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512224554/http://www.centrometeotoscana.it/2012/07/07/il-record-italiano-di-caldo-48-5c/|archivedate=12 May 2014|language=Italian}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Latvie}} |{{convert|37.8|C|F}} |[[Ventspils]] |{{Dts|4 August 2014}}<ref name="meteolv">[https://twitter.com/VSIA_LVGMC/status/496291491539845120 LVGMC Twitter account]. Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre. Retrieved 4 August 2014. {{lv icon}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Lithuanie}} |{{convert|37.5|C|F}} |[[Zarasai]], [[Utena Coonty]] |{{Dts|30 Julie 1994}}<ref name="record lithuania">{{cite web |url=http://www.meteo.lt/lt/web/guest/rekordai |title=(Meteorologiniai rekordai Lietuvoje) |publisher=Lithuanian Hydrometeorological Service |language=Lithuanian |accessdate=28 September 2016 |archive-date=2016-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002123054/http://www.meteo.lt/lt/web/guest/rekordai |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Luxembourg}} |{{convert|40.8|C|F|abbr=}} |[[Steinsel|Steinsel, Luxembourg]]{{refn |group="notes"|name="EuropeanJuly2019"}} |{{Dts|25 Julie 2019}}<ref name="record luxembourg">{{cite web|url=https://www.wort.lu/de/lokales/40-8-c-neuer-offizieller-temperaturrekord-in-luxemburg-5d39c099da2cc1784e3488ff|title=40,8°C: Neuer offizieller Temperaturrekord in Luxemburg|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=AgriMeteo|language=German|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726130556/https://www.wort.lu/de/lokales/40-8-c-neuer-offizieller-temperaturrekord-in-luxemburg-5d39c099da2cc1784e3488ff|archive-date=2019-07-26|dead-url=|accessdate=25 July 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Maltae}} |{{convert|43.8|C|F}} |[[Maltae Internaitional Airport]] |{{Dts|9 August 1999}}<ref name="MaltaCC">{{cite web | url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/mlt_nc02.pdf |title=The Second Communication of Malta to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Xhange |publisher=Ministry of Resources and Rural Affairs |pages=40–41 |date=May 2010 |accessdate=24 October 2016}}</ref><ref name=MaltaNSO>{{cite web |last1= Galdies |first1= Charles |url= https://nso.gov.mt/en/publicatons/Publications_by_Unit/Documents/B3_Environment_Energy_Transport_Agriculture_Statistics/The_Climate_of_Malta.pdf |title= The Climate of Malta: statistics, trends, and analysis 1951–2010 |pages= 6–7 |year= 2011 |publisher= National Statistics Office |accessdate= 26 February 2013 |archive-date= 2016-04-05 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160405203936/http://nso.gov.mt/en/publicatons/Publications_by_Unit/Documents/B3_Environment_Energy_Transport_Agriculture_Statistics/The_Climate_of_Malta.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Moldovae}} |{{convert|42.4|°C|°F}} |[[Falesti]] |{{Dts|7 August 2012}}<ref name=Moldovarecords>{{cite web |title=Recorduri meteorologice în Republica Moldova |url=http://www.meteo.md/newsait/historu/record.htm |publisher=Serviciul Hidrometeorologic de Stat |language=Romanian |accessdate=25 October 2016 |archive-date=2017-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320091515/http://www.meteo.md/newsait/historu/record.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Montenegro}} |{{convert|44.8|C|F}} |[[Podgorica]] & [[Danilovgrad]] |{{Dts|16 August 2007}} /<br/>8 August 2012<ref name="Jeff Masters">{{cite web|last=Masters |first=Jeff |title=2012: Earth's 10th warmest year on record, and warmest with a La Niña |url=http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/article.html |publisher=Weather Underground |accessdate=17 January 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117064246/http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/article.html |archivedate=17 January 2013 |df= }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Netherlands}} |{{convert|40.7|C|F}} |[[Gilze en Rijen]]{{refn |group="notes"|name="EuropeanJuly2019"}} |{{Dts|25 Julie 2019}}<ref>https://nos.nl/liveblog/2294980-meting-41-7-graden-in-deelen-niet-geldig-wel-boven-de-40-in-gilze-rijen.html}</ref> |- |{{flag|North Macedonie}} |{{convert|45.7|C|F}} |[[Demir Kapija]], [[Demir Kapija Municipality|Demir Kapija]] |{{Dts|24 Julie 2007}}<ref name=MacedoniaCC>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124035513/http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/macnc2.pdf |archivedate=24 November 2016 | url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/macnc2.pdf |title=Second National Communication on Climate Change |publisher=Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning |page=24 |date=December 2008 |accessdate=23 November 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Norawa}} |{{convert|35.6|°C|°F}} |[[Nesbyen]], [[Buskerud]] |{{Dts|20 Juin 1970}}<ref name="DNMI">{{cite web |url=http://met.no/met/normaler_ekstremer/maneds_rekorder.html |title=Klima |publisher=met.no |accessdate=20 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071129225502/http://www.met.no/met/normaler_ekstremer/maneds_rekorder.html |archivedate=29 November 2007 }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Poland}} |{{convert|40.2|°C|°F}} |[[Prószków]]{{refn |group="notes" |Record meisurt on [[Weimar Republic|German territory]] at that time: [[Proskau]], [[Landkreis]] [[Opole|Oppeln]], [[Province o Upper Silesie|Oberschlesien]] (nou [[Prószków]], [[Opole Voivodeship]]). The record in [[Seicont Pols Republic|Poland proper]] at that time wis attained on the same day bi the veelage o [[Zbiersk]] at 40.0&nbsp;°C.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://meteomodel.pl/rekordy-temperatury/|title=Polskie Rekordy|website=MeteoModel.pl|date=31 May 2011|access-date=2016-02-12}}</ref>}} |{{Dts|29 Julie 1921}}<ref name="klimat.geo.uj.edu.pl">{{cite web |url=http://www.klimat.geo.uj.edu.pl/tematyczne/rekordyklimatyczne/polska.htm |title=Rekordy klimatyczne w Polsce |language=pl |publisher=Zakład Klimatologii – [[Uniwersytet Jagielloński]], Kraków |work=Klimat.Geo.UJ.edu.pl |accessdate=20 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529040418/http://www.klimat.geo.uj.edu.pl/tematyczne/rekordyklimatyczne/polska.htm |archivedate=29 May 2010 }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Portugal}} |{{convert|47.4|°C|°F}} |[[Amareleja]], [[Beja (destrict)|Beja]] |{{Dts|1 August 2003}}<ref name="meteo1">[https://www.ipma.pt/pt/oclima/extremos.clima/ Extremes] Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, IPMA</ref> |- |{{flag|Romanie}} |{{convert|44.5|°C|°F}} |[[Ion Sion]], [[Brăila Coonty]] |{{Dts|10 August 1951}}<ref>[http://www.meteoromania.ro/index.php?id=405 THERMAL EXTREMES] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080909041857/http://www.meteoromania.ro/index.php?id=405 |date=2008-09-09 }} Administratiei Nationale de Meteorologie</ref> |- |{{flag|Roushie|}} (in Europe) |{{convert|45.4|°C|°F}} |[[Utta]], [[Kalmykie]] |{{Dts|12 Julie 2010}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pogoda.ru.net/news/5076/ |title=Погода и Климат – В России установлен новый абсолютный температурный максимум |publisher=Pogoda.ru.net |accessdate=28 January 2011 |archive-date=2011-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716070750/http://www.pogoda.ru.net/news/5076/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|San Marino}} |{{convert|40.3|C|F}} |[[Serravalle (San Marino)|Serravalle]] |{{Dts|3 August 2017}}, {{Dts|9 August 2017}}<ref name=JeffMasters2017records/> |- |{{flag|Serbie}} |{{convert|44.9|°C|°F}} |[[Smederevska Palanka]], [[Podunavlje Destrict|Podunavlje]] |{{Dts|24 Julie 2007}}<ref name="hidmet">{{cite web|url=http://www.hidmet.gov.rs/ciril/meteorologija/klimatologija_temp_rezim.php |title=TEMPERATURE REGIME IN SERBIA, Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia |publisher=Hidmet.gov.rs |accessdate=4 September 2012}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Slovakie}} |{{convert|40.3|C|F}} |[[Hurbanovo]] |{{Dts|20 Julie 2007}}<ref name=slovakrecord>{{cite web|title=Historial Extremes: Review of historical extremes (extreme values) of selected meteorological elements at the territory of Slovak republic |url=http://www.shmu.sk/en/?page=1384 |publisher=Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute |accessdate=9 October 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Slovenie}} |{{convert|40.8|C|F}} |[[Cerklje ob Krki]] |{{Dts|8 August 2013}}<ref>{{cite web|title=V Cerkljah ob Krki namerili rekordnih 40,8 stopinje Celzija|url=http://www.24ur.com/novice/slovenija/vroce-bo-temperature-pa-okoli-40-stopinj-celzija.html|publisher=24ur.com|accessdate=8 August 2013|language=Slovenian}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Spain}} |{{convert|47.3|C|F}} |[[Montoro, Cordoba]] (as Montoro Vega Armijo) |{{Dts|13 Julie 2017}}<ref name=Benayas2017>{{cite web |last1=Benayas |first1=Victoria |url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/07/14/inenglish/1500017188_072441.html |title=Córdoba sets new temperature record as heatwave continues in Spain |publisher=El País |date=14 July 2017 |accessdate=19 July 2017 |archive-date=2017-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818001445/https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/07/14/inenglish/1500017188_072441.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Swaden}} |{{convert|38.0|C|F}} |[[Ultuna]], [[Uppsala Coonty]]/<br>[[Målilla]], [[Kalmar County]] (tied) |{{Dts|9 Julie 1933}} /<br>29 Juin 1947<ref name="SMHI">{{cite web |url=http://www.smhi.se/kunskapsbanken/meteorologi/svenska-temperaturrekord-1.5792 |title=Svenska temperaturrekord |publisher=Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institut |accessdate=15 August 2017 |archive-date=2017-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815175701/http://www.smhi.se/kunskapsbanken/meteorologi/svenska-temperaturrekord-1.5792 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Swisserland}} |{{convert|41.5|C|F}} |[[Grono, Swisserland|Grono]], [[Moesa Destrict]] |{{Dts|11 August 2003}}<ref name="Weather in Switzerland">{{cite web |url=http://www.meteosuisse.admin.ch/home/climat/passe/extremes-climatiques/records-suisse.html |title=Records Suisse |publisher=MeteoSwiss |accessdate=25 July 2016 |archive-date=2016-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816174245/http://www.meteosuisse.admin.ch/home/climat/passe/extremes-climatiques/records-suisse.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Ukraine}} |{{convert|42.0|C|F}} |[[Luhansk]] |{{Dts|12 August 2010}}<ref name=cgo>{{cite web |url =http://www.cgo.kiev.ua/index.php?dv=klimat-rekords/ |script-title =uk:Кліматичні рекорди |publisher =Central Observatory for Geophysics |language =Ukrainian |accessdate =4 August 2016 |archive-date =2016-08-04 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20160804044852/http://www.cgo.kiev.ua/index.php?dv=klimat-rekords%2F |url-status =dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Unitit Kinrick}} |{{convert|38.7|C|F}} |[[Cambridge]], [[Cambridgeshire]]{{refn |group="notes"|name="EuropeanJuly2019"}} |{{Dts| 25 Julie 2019|}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2019/new-official-highest-temperature-in-uk-confirmed |title=New official highest temperature in UK confirmed |publisher=[[Met Office]] |accessdate=29 July 2019}}</ref><ref name="UK Met Office">{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate-extremes/#?tab=climateExtremes |title=UK climate – Extremes |publisher=Met Office |accessdate=25 December 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Vatican Ceety}} |{{convert|40.7|C|F}} |[[Vatican Ceety]] |{{Dts|2 August 2017}}<ref name=JeffMasters2017records/> |} ==== North Americae ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region ! Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- |{{flag|Anguilla}} |{{convert|34.2|C|F}} |[[The Valley, Anguilla|The Valley]] |{{Dts|12 September 2015}}<ref name=wu20151021>{{cite web |last1=Masters |first1=Jeff |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/sixteen-nationalterritorial-alltime-extreme-heat-records-set-in-2015.html|title=Sixteen National/Territorial All-Time Extreme Heat Records Set in 2015 |publisher=Wunderground |date=27 January 2016 |accessdate=19 July 2017}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Antigua an Barbuda}} |{{convert|34.9|C|F}} |[[V. C. Bird Internaitional Airport]], [[St. John's, Antigua an Barbuda|St. John's]] |{{Dts|12 August 1995}}<ref name=Antiguaclimate>{{cite web |url=http://www.antiguamet.com/Climate/Our_Climate.html |title=Our Climate |publisher=Antigua and Barbuda Meteorological Service |accessdate=30 October 2016 |archive-date=2017-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305012206/http://www.antiguamet.com/Climate/Our_Climate.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Antiguaclimatedata>{{cite web |url=http://www.antiguamet.com/Climate/STATS/coolidge_dailytemp.html |title=Normal Daily Temperature: TEMPERATURE AT V.C. Bird International Airport |publisher=Antigua and Barbuda Meteorological Service |accessdate=30 October 2016 |archive-date=2019-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190823025952/http://www.antiguamet.com/Climate/STATS/coolidge_dailytemp.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Breetish Virgin Islands}} |{{convert|35.0|C|F}} |[[Terrance B. Lettsome Internaitional Airport]] |{{Dts|22 Julie 2016}}<ref name=JeffMasters2016records>{{cite web |last1=Masters |first1=Jeff |last2=Henson |first2=Bob |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/confirmed-2016-the-warmest-year-in-history-of-global-recordkeeping.html |title= Confirmed: 2016 the Warmest Year in History of Global Recordkeeping |publisher= Wunderground |date= 18 January 2017 |accessdate=7 May 2018}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Canadae}} |{{convert|45.0|C|F}} |[[Yellow Grass]], [[Saskatchewan]]<br>[[Midale]], Saskatchewan |{{Dts|5 Julie 1937}}<ref name="canadaextremes">{{cite web|url = http://www.ec.gc.ca/meteo-weather/default.asp?lang=en&n=6a4a3ac5-1#1921-1940 |title = Top Weather Events of the 20th Century |publisher = Environment Canada |date = May 2010|accessdate = 26 January 2013}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Cayman Islands}} |{{convert|34.9|C|F}} |[[Owen Roberts Internaitional Airport]], [[Grand Cayman]] |{{Dts|21 August 2016}}<ref name=JeffMasters2016records/> |- |{{flag|Cuba}} |{{convert|39.1|C|F}} |Veguitas ([[Granma Province]]) |{{Dts|30 Juin 2019}}<ref name=Cubarecords>{{Cite web|url=http://www.geoclimat.org/p/records-nationaux-de-temperatures.html|title=Records nationaux de température}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Dominica}} |{{convert|35.5|C|F}} |[[Canefield Airport]] |{{Dts|3 October 2015}}<ref name=wu20151021/> |- |{{flag|Dominican Republic}} |{{convert|43.0|C|F}} |[[Mao, Dominican Republic|Mao]] |{{Dts|31 August 1954}}<ref name=mejia>{{cite web |first1=Mariela |last1=Mejía |url=http://www.diariolibre.com/noticias/2011/01/07/i274915_frio-extremo-calor-agobiante.html |title=Frío extremo, calor agobiante |publisher=Diario Libre |language=Spanish |date=7 January 2011 |accessdate=2 May 2017 |archive-date=2013-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104214132/http://www.diariolibre.com/noticias/2011/01/07/i274915_frio-extremo-calor-agobiante.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Greenland}} |{{convert|30.1|C|F}} |[[Ivittuut]] |{{Dts|23 Juin 1915}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2016/06/10/greenland-witnessed-its-highest-june-temperature-ever-recorded-on-thursday/ |title=Greenland witnessed its highest June temperature ever recorded on Thursday |work=The Washington Post |date=10 June 2016 |accessdate=22 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://pendientedemigracion.ucm.es/info/cif/station/gr-ivigt.htm |title=Greenland -Dnk- - Ivigtut |publisher=Pendientedemigracion.ucm.es |date= |accessdate=22 February 2019 |archive-date=2016-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126080156/http://pendientedemigracion.ucm.es/info/cif/station/gr-ivigt.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iceagenow.info/record-lows-since-1937-record-highs/ |title=More record lows since 1937 than record highs |work=Iceagenow.info |date=27 June 2017 |accessdate=22 February 2019 |archive-date=2018-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005145353/https://www.iceagenow.info/record-lows-since-1937-record-highs/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Guatemala}} |{{convert|45|C|F}} |[[Estanzuela]], [[Zacapa]] | ?<ref name="INSIVUMEH"/> |- |{{flag|Martinique}} |{{convert|36.5|C|F}} |[[Saint-Pierre, Martinique|Saint-Pierre]] |{{Dts|6 October 2010}}<ref name=martiniqueclimate>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101021428/http://www.meteofrance.gp/documents/3714888/5579049/climat972_2pages.pdf/1bb26ab1-630b-4fd4-9757-9adb5da948a6 |archivedate=1 January 2019 |url=http://www.meteofrance.gp/documents/3714888/5579049/climat972_2pages.pdf/1bb26ab1-630b-4fd4-9757-9adb5da948a6 |title=Le climat en Martinique |publisher=Météo-France |language=French |accessdate=31 December 2018}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Mexico}} |{{convert|52.0|C|F}} |[[Mexicali]] area |{{Dts|28 Julie 1995}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/early-summer-heat-broils-northern-hemisphere.html |author=Christopher Burt|title=Early Summer Heat Broils Northern Hemisphere |accessdate=19 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=García Cueto |first1=O.R. |last2=Santillán Soto |first2=N. |last3=Quintero Núñez |first3=M. |last4=Ojeda Benítez |first4=S. |last5=Velázquez Limón |first5=N. |title=Extreme temperature scenarios in Mexicali, Mexico under climate change conditions |journal=Atmósfera |date=October 2013 |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=509–520 |doi=10.1016/S0187-6236(13)71092-0 }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Panama}} |{{convert|40.0|C|F}} |[[San Francisco, Panamá|San Francisco]] |{{Dts|20 Mairch 1998}}<ref name=ETESA>{{cite web |url=http://www.hidromet.com.pa/temperaturas_extremas.php?idioma=ing |title=Extreme Temperatures |publisher=Empresa de Transmisión Eléctrica S.A |accessdate=30 October 2016 |archive-date=2016-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031151317/http://www.hidromet.com.pa/temperaturas_extremas.php?idioma=ing |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Puerto Rico}} |{{convert|104|F|C|order=flip}} |[[Mona Island]] |{{Dts|2 Julie 1996}}<ref name=NWSpuertorico>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170119141404/http://www.weather.gov/sju/climo_extremes |archivedate=19 January 2017|url=http://www.weather.gov/sju/climo_extremes |title=All Time Extremes for PR and VI |publisher=National Weather Service |accessdate=19 January 2017}}</ref> |- | |{{flag|United States}} |{{convert|56.7|C|F}} |[[Furnace Creek, Californie|Furnace Creek]], [[Death Valley]], [[Californie]] |{{Dts|10 Julie 1913}}<ref name="KPBS-report">{{cite web |url=http://www.kpbs.org/news/2013/jul/15/doubts-cloud-death-valleys-100-year-heat-record/ |title=Doubts Cloud Death Valley's 100-year Heat Record|accessdate=30 December 2013}}</ref><ref name="WMO-Highest">[http://wmo.asu.edu/world-highest-temperature World: Highest Temperature] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130104143844/http://wmo.asu.edu/world-highest-temperature |date=4 January 2013 }} [[World Meteorological Organization]]. Retrieved 13 September 2012.</ref><ref name="Burt"/> |- |{{flag|Unitit States Virgin Islands}} |{{convert|99|F|C|order=flip}} |[[Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands|Saint Thomas]]/ [[Cruz Bay, U.S. Virgin Islands|Cruz Bay]] |{{Dts|4 August 1994}} an 23 Juin 1996<ref name=NWSpuertorico/><br/> 31 July 1988<ref name=NWSpuertorico/> |} ==== Oceanie{{refn |group="notes"|On 16 Januar 1889, a temperatur o 53&nbsp;°C (128&nbsp;°F) wis recordit at [[Cloncurry, Queensland]]. It wis measurt wi a non-staundart thermometer, so it is unkent if this readin wis valid or nae.<ref name="NCDC"/> The readin is nae recognised bi Australie's [[Bureau o Meteorology]].<ref name="BoMExtremes"/>}}==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region ! Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- |{{flag|Australie}} |{{convert|50.7|C|F}} |[[Oodnadatta, Sooth Australie]] |{{Dts|2 Januar 1960}}<ref name="NCDC">[http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalextremes.html Global Measured Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131128084534/http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalextremes.html |date=2013-11-28 }} [[National Climatic Data Center]]. Retrieved 21 June 2007.</ref><ref name="BoMExtremes">{{cite web | title = Australian Temperature Extremes | publisher = [[Bureau of Meteorology (Australia)|Bureau of Meteorology]] | date = 1 April 2009 | url = http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/extreme/records/national.pdf | accessdate=16 December 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://reg.bom.gov.au/announcements/media_releases/highesttemp.shtml |title=50.5&nbsp;°C – W.A.'s Highest Ever Temperature |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |date=20 February 1998 |accessdate=12 July 2011}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Marshall Islands}} |{{convert|35.6|C|F}} |[[Utirik Atoll]] |{{Dts|24 August 2016}}<ref name=JeffMasters2016records/> |- |{{flag|New Zealand}} |{{convert|42.4|C|F}} |[[Rangiora]], [[Canterbury, New Zealand|Canterbury]] /<br>Jordan, [[Marlborough Region|Marlborough]] (tied) |{{Dts|7 Februar 1973}}<ref name="record NZ">{{cite web |url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/NewZealandInBrief/NaturalEnvironment/3/en |title=Carl Walrond. 'Natural environment', Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 25-Sep-2007 |publisher=Teara.govt.nz |accessdate=20 August 2010 |archive-date=2009-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090816033058/http://www.teara.govt.nz/NewZealandInBrief/NaturalEnvironment/3/en |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Palau}} |{{convert|35|C|F}} |[[Koror]] |{{Dts|22 Mairch 2018}}<ref name=Palauhigh>{{cite web |last1=Masters |first1=Jeff |url=https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/march-2018-earths-5th-warmest-march-record | title = March 2018: Earth's 5th Warmest March on Record | publisher = Wunderground | date = 18 April 2018 | accessdate=29 April 2018}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Samoa}} |{{convert|35.3|C|F}} |[[Asau, Samoa|Asau]] |{{Dts|24 December 1968}}<ref name = WBsamoaclimate> {{cite web |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20161105161301/http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/619871468093590816/pdf/E28540EA0v30P10MF000December0202011.pdf |archivedate= 5 November 2016 |url= http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/619871468093590816/pdf/E28540EA0v30P10MF000December0202011.pdf |title= Environmental and Social Management Framework for the Samoa Agriculture Competitiveness Enhancement Project |publisher= World Bank |date= 2 December 2011 |page= 53 |accessdate= 5 November 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Solomon Islands}} |{{convert|36.1|C|F}} |[[Honiara]], [[Guadalcanal Province]] |{{Dts|1 Februar 2010}}<ref name="wu"/> |- |{{flag|Tonga}} |{{convert|35.5|C|F}} |[[Niuafoou]] |{{Dts|1 Februar 2016}}<ref name=JeffMasters2016records/> |- |{{flag|Vanuatu}} |{{convert|36.2|C|F}} |[[Lamap Malekula]] |{{Dts|8 Februar 2016}}<ref name=JeffMasters2016records/> |- |{{flag|Wallis and Futuna}} |{{convert|35.8|C|F}} |[[Futuna Airport]] |{{Dts|10 Januar 2016}}<ref name=JeffMasters2016records/> |} ==== Sooth Americae{{refn |group="notes"|Accordin tae Christopher Burt, Sooth America's hettest reliably meisurt temperature is 47.3°C (117.1°F) at [[Campo Gallo]], [[Argentinae]] on 16 October 1936.<ref name=reliably/>}}==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region ! Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- |{{flag|Argentinae}} |{{convert|48.9|C|F}} * |[[Rivadavia, Salta|Rivadavia]], [[Salta Province]] |{{Dts|11 December 1905}}<ref name="NCDC"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://wmo.asu.edu/#continental |title=Continental Weather & Climate Extremes: Based on World Meteorological Organization Defined Regions |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=17 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="meteofa">The record o 49.1&nbsp;°C (120.4&nbsp;°F) in [[Villa de María del Río Seco|Villa de María]], [[Córdoba Province, Argentinae|Córdoba Province]], Argentinae, on 2 Januar 1920, is disputit an conseedert dubious{{cite web |url=http://www.smn.gov.ar/?mod=biblioteca&id=94 |title=Servicio Meteorólogico Nacional (Argentina) |accessdate=31 March 2014}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Bolivie}} |{{convert|46.7|C|F}} |[[Villamontes]], [[Tarija Depairtment]] |{{Dts|29 October 2010}}<ref name="wu"/>{{refn |group="notes"|Temperatur reached on multiple occasions; this is the maist recent.}} |- |{{flag|Brazil}} |{{convert|44.8|C|F}} |[[Nova Maringá]], [[Mato Grosso]] |{{Dts|4 November 2020}}, {{Dts|5 November 2020}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/climatempo/brasil-tem-novo-recorde-historico-de-calor,539a60945327d9f61cd981427377c37cuo1khkwn.html |title=Brasil tem novo recorde histórico de calor |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=6 November 2020 |website=www.terra.com.br |publisher=Terra|access-date= 7 November 2020|language=Portuguese||trans-title=Brazil has a new historic heat record|quote=}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Chile}} |{{convert|44.9|C|F}} |[[Quillón]], [[Biobio Region]]{{refn |group="notes"|This record is disputit acause o the [[2017 Chile wildfires|forest fires]] that occurred aroond the toun o Quillón. It is heichly probable thae fires hae influenced this record.}} |{{Dts|26 Januar 2017}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/chile/2017/01/27/en-bio-bio-se-registro-la-temperatura-maxima-de-la-historia-de-chile-449oc-en-quillon.shtml |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170615134949/http://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/chile/2017/01/27/en-bio-bio-se-registro-la-temperatura-maxima-de-la-historia-de-chile-449oc-en-quillon.shtml|archivedate=15 June 2017|title=En Bío Bío se registró temperatura máxima de la historia de Chile|date=27 January 2017|publisher=Biobiochile.cl|language=Spanish |deadurl=no |accessdate=19 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theclinic.cl/2017/01/26/quillon-tuvo-hoy-la-temperatura-mas-alta-la-historia-chile-44-9-grados-la-sombra/|title=Quillón tuvo hoy la temperatura más alta de la historia de Chile: 44.9 grados a la sombra|publisher=[[The Clinic (newspaper)|The Clinic]] |date=26 January 2017 |accessdate=15 June 2017}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Colombie}} |{{convert|45.0|C|F}} |[[Puerto Salgar]], [[Cundinamarca Depairtment|Cundinamarca]] |{{Dts|29 December 2015}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pronosticosyalertas.gov.co/documents/78690/301070/12_IDA_DICIEMBRE_30_2015.pdf/18413b07-7123-42e7-95f3-6f8b92311265?version=1.0 |title=Informe Técnico Diario N°364 |publisher=[[IDEAM]] |date=30 December 2015 |accessdate=15 January 2016 |archive-date=2016-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129085236/http://www.pronosticosyalertas.gov.co/documents/78690/301070/12_IDA_DICIEMBRE_30_2015.pdf/18413b07-7123-42e7-95f3-6f8b92311265?version=1.0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|French Guiana}} |{{convert|38.0|C|F}} |[[Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni]] |{{Dts|27 September 2016}}<ref name=JeffMasters2016records/> |-- |{{flag|Paraguay}} |{{convert|45.0|C|F}} |[[Pratts Gill]], [[Boquerón Depairtment]] |{{Dts|14 November 2009}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.meteorologia.gov.py:9191/historico.html|title=Valores extremos históricos climatológicos de la red de estaciones|date=13 January 2011|access-date=2019-07-31|archive-date=2012-12-21|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121221100002/http://www.meteorologia.gov.py:9191/historico.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Peru}} |{{convert|48.3|C|F}} |[[Juan Guerra]], [[Depairtment o San Martín|San Martín]] |{{Dts|3 November 2018}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://elcomercio.pe/peru/senamhi-regiones-han-registrado-temperaturas-altas-nivel-nacional-noticia-503478|title=¿En qué regiones se han registrado las temperaturas más altas a nivel nacional?|work=[[El Comercio Perú]]|date=11 March 2018|language=es}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Uruguay}} |{{convert|44.0|C|F}} |[[Paysandú]], [[Paysandú Depairtment]] |{{Dts|20 Januar 1943}}<ref name="uruguayrecordssum">{{cite web |title = Clima del Uruguay |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213061537/http://www.rau.edu.uy/uruguay/geografia/Uy_c-info.htm |archivedate=13 December 2016 |url = http://www.rau.edu.uy/uruguay/geografia/Uy_c-info.htm |publisher = Red Académica Uruguaya |language=Spanish |accessdate=13 December 2016}}</ref><ref name="uruguayrecordsraw">{{cite web |title = Boletín meteorológico |url = http://www.rau.edu.uy/uruguay/geografia/records.txt |publisher = Dirección Nacional de Meteorología |language = Spanish |trans-title = Meteorologic records of Uruguay |accessdate = 1 October 2010 |archive-date = 2015-06-09 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150609015041/http://www.rau.edu.uy/uruguay/geografia/records.txt |url-status = dead }}</ref> |- |{{flag|Venezuela}} |{{convert|43.6|C|F}} |[[Santa Ana de Coro]], [[Falcón]] ||{{Dts|29 Apryle 2015}}<ref name=wu20151021/> |} ====Ither heich-temperature records==== * '''Fastest temperatur rise:''' 27&nbsp;°C (49&nbsp;°F) in twa minutes; [[Spearfish, Sooth Dakota]], 1943-01-22.<ref name="Handy Weather Answer Book">{{cite book | last = Lyons | first = Walter A | title = The Handy Weather Answer Book | url = https://archive.org/details/handyweatheransw00lyon | edition = 2nd | year = 1997 | publisher = Visible Ink press | location = Detroit, Michigan | isbn = 0-7876-1034-8}}</ref> * '''Maist consecutive days abuin 37.8&nbsp;°C (100&nbsp;°F):''' 160 days; [[Marble Bar, Wastren Australie]] frae 31 October 1923 tae 7 Aprile 1924.<ref name="climateextremes">{{cite web|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/temp1.htm|title=Marble Bar heatwave, 1923–1924|work=Australian Climate Extremes|publisher=[[Bureau of Meteorology]]|accessdate=21 September 2008|archiveurl=https://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/96122/20090317-1643/www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/temp1.html|archivedate=2009-03-17|url-status=live}}</ref> * '''Surface temperatur:''' Heat records are measurt bi air temperature abuin the grund. Remote sensin can estimate grund or "skin" surface temperaturs: the [[MODIS]] satellite foond in a brief survey a grund temperature o {{convert|70.7|C|F}}, in the [[Lut Desert]] o Iran, the hettest detectit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=77779|title=Finding the hottest spots on Earth by satellite|publisher=NASA|work=Earth Observatory|date=2012-05-02}}</ref> ===[[Cauld]]=== ===Lawest temperaturs recordit=== <!-- Note: Dates should have name of month SPELLED OUT (as in previous table) to avoid confusion over MONTH/DAY. THIS PAGE IS FOR OFFICIAL RECORDS ONLY, NOT REMOTELY SENSED OBSERVATIONS --> ===Bi continent=== ==== Africae ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region !data-sort-type="number" | Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- | {{flag|Algerie}} | {{convert|-13.8|C|F}} | [[Mécheria]] | 28 January 2005<ref name=AlgeriaCC/> |- | {{flag|Burkina Faso}} | {{convert|5|C|F}} | [[Markoye]] | January 1975<ref name=burkinaclimatechange/> |- | {{flag|Botswana}} | {{convert|-15.0|C|F}} | [[Tsabong]] | ?<ref>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203143334/http://www.weather.info.bw/resources/entry_fs.html |archivedate=3 December 2008 |url=http://www.weather.info.bw/resources/entry_fs.html |title=Botswana's Climate |publisher=Meteorological Services Botswana |accessdate=31 December 2018}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Eswatini|name=Eswatini (Swaziland)}} | {{convert|-6.7|°C|°F}} | [[Big Bend, Eswatini|Big Bend]] | ?<ref name=swazilandrecords/> |- | {{flag|Ghana}} | {{convert|11.0|C|F}} | [[Kumasi]], [[Tafo]] | ?<ref>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011052633/http://www.meteo.gov.gh/climatology.html |archivedate=11 October 2008 |url=http://www.meteo.gov.gh/climatology.html |title=Climatology |publisher=Ghana Meteorological Services Department |accessdate=31 December 2018}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Guinea}} | {{convert|2.5|C|F}} | [[Bareing]] | 2 Januar 1982<ref>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070109004730/http://www.meteo-guinee-conakry.net/DMN/records.htm |archivedate=9 January 2007 |url=http://www.meteo-guinee-conakry.net/DMN/records.htm |title=Quelques Records en Guinée |publisher=Météorologie Nationale, République de Guinée |language=French |accessdate=31 December 2018}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Lesotho}} | {{convert|-21.0|C|F}} | ? | ?<ref name="lesotho">{{cite web |url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/lesnc1.pdf |title= Lesotho – National report on climate change |publisher=Ministry of Natural Resources |date=April 2000 |accessdate=25 December 2016}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Morocco}} | {{convert|-23.9|C|F}} | [[Ifrane]] | 11 Februar 1935<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wmo.asu.edu/content/africa-lowest-temperature |title=WMO Region I (Africa): Lowest Temperature |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=25 December 2016 |archive-date=2016-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226055625/https://wmo.asu.edu/content/africa-lowest-temperature |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Niger}} | {{convert|-2.4|C|F}} | [[Bilma]] | {{Dts|13 Januar 1995}}<ref name=nigerCC/> |- | {{flag|Réunion}} | {{convert|-5.0|C|F}} | [[Gite de Bellecome]] | {{Dts|10 September 1975}}<ref name=reunionrecords/> |- | {{flag|Sooth Africae}} | {{convert|-20.1|C|F}} | [[Buffelsfontein]], near [[Molteno, Eastren Cape|Molteno]], [[Eastren Cape]] | 23 August 2013<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mybroadband.co.za/vb/attachment.php?attachmentid=76495&d=1381902030|title=New minimum temperature record for South Africa |accessdate=12 June 2014}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Sudan}} | {{convert|-1.0|°C|°F}} | [[Zalingei]] | December 1961 an Januar 1962<ref name=faosudan>{{cite web |url=http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/counprof/sudan/sudan.htm |title=Sudan |work=Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization |accessdate=22 October 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016075150/http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/Counprof/Sudan/sudan.htm |archivedate=16 October 2016 }}</ref> |} ==== Antarcticae ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region !data-sort-type="number" | Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- |{{flag|Antarcticae}} |{{convert|-89.2|C|F}} <!-- Please do not change this record without reaching consensus on the talk page. Recent satellite measurements below this figure, while gaining a lot of publicity, are not considered official (by the WMO, for example) and are not comparable with ground-based measurements. See the article "Lowest temperature recorded on Earth", the footnote below the table, or the source cited in the lead, for details. --> |[[Vostok Station]] |21 Julie 1983<ref name="NCDC"/><ref name="Handy Weather Answer Book"/><ref>{{cite journal | author=Budretsky, A.B. | title=New absolute minimum of air temperature | journal=Bulletin of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition | url=http://www.aari.aq/publication/abs_min/abs_min.html | issue=105 | year=1984 | location=Leningrad | publisher=[[Gidrometeoizdat]] | language=Russian | access-date=2015-07-22 | archive-date=2009-02-27 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227071811/http://www.aari.aq/publication/abs_min/abs_min.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>{{refn |group="notes" | This temperature is conseedert the lawest iver offeecially recordit in Antarctica an in the Warld, as it was perceived bi grund-poseetioned thermometers in 1983. [[Satellite]] analyses made on 10 August 2010 pyntit tae a temperatur o −93.2&nbsp;°C (−135.8&nbsp;°F) near [[Dome F]] in [[Queen Maud Land]], but this record is nae offeecially leetit acause it wis meisurt by [[remote sensin]] methods that are nae totally consistent, unlik the 1983 temperatur. See [[Lawest temperatur recorded on Yird]] for details.}} |- |Dome A |{{convert|-82.5|C|F}} |[[Dome A]] | Julie 2005<ref>{{cite web|author=Web Team |url=http://www.aad.gov.au/weather/aws/dome-a/index.html |title=''Australian Antarctic Division'' |publisher=Aad.gov.au |date=5 September 2005 |accessdate=20 August 2010}}</ref> |- |[[Sooth Pole]] |{{convert|-82.8|C|F}} |[[Amundsen–Scott Sooth Pole Station]] |23 Juin 1982<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nsf.gov/od/opp/support/southp.jsp |title=''Office of Polar Programs'' |publisher=Nsf.gov |accessdate=20 August 2010 |archive-date=2020-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414060623/https://www.nsf.gov/geo/opp/support/southp.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} ==== Asie ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region !data-sort-type="number" | Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- | {{flag|Afghanistan}} | {{convert|-52.2|C|F}} | [[Shahrak Destrict|Shahrak]] | {{Dts|Januar 1964}}<ref name="afghan record" /> |- | {{flag|Armenie}} | {{convert|-42.0|C|F}} | [[Paghakn]] an [[Ashocq]] | {{Dts|1961}}<ref name=ArmeniaCC/> |- |{{flag|Azerbaijan}} |{{convert|-33.0|C|F}} |Julfa an Ordubad |?<ref name=azhydromet/> |- | {{flag|Bangladesh}} | {{convert|2.6|C|F}} | [[Tetulia Upazila]] | 8 Januar 2018<ref>{{cite news |title=Cold claims 8 more |accessdate=8 January 2018 |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/country/lowest-temperature-in-bangladesh-bd-on-january-8-2018-recorded-3-degree-celsius-in-nilphamari-1516666 }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Cheenae}} | {{convert|-58|C|F}} | [[Genhe]], [[Inner Mongolie]] | 31 December 2009<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20180123000102-260309/ |title=大陸冷極 內蒙根河室內外溫差90℃ - 中時電子報 |work=Chinatimes.com |date=23 January 2018 |accessdate=22 February 2019}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Hong Kong}} | {{convert|-6.0|C|F}} | [[Tai Mo Shan]] | 24 January 2016<ref>{{cite av media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mSpjtXUOu98|title=多雨極寒的一月|date=5 February 2016|via=YouTube}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Indie}} | {{convert|-44.9|C|F}} | [[Dras]], [[Jammu an Kashmir]] | 22 Mairch 1911<ref name="IMD">{{cite journal |last1=De |first1=U. |last2=Dube |first2=R. |last3=Rao |first3=G. |title=Extreme Weather Events over India in the last 100 years |url=http://www.igu.in/9-3/3usde.pdf |journal=Journal of Indian Geophysical Union |year=2005 |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=173–187 |access-date=31 October 2016 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304231319/http://www.igu.in/9-3/3usde.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Iran}} | {{convert|-36.0|C|F}} | [[Saqqez]] | 1972<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://danakhabar.com/fa/news/1163560/%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%88-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%87-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%88-%DA%A9%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C-71-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%A7-46-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%87-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%B1|title=رکورد گرمترین و سردترین نقطه ایران مربوط به کی و کجاست؟ / ثبت دمای بالای 71 درجه تا 46 درجه زیر صفر|website=danakhabar.com|access-date=2019-07-31|archive-date=2016-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319165039/http://danakhabar.com/fa/news/1163560/%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%88-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%87-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%88-%DA%A9%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C-71-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%A7-46-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%87-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%B1|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Israel}} | {{convert|-14.2|C|F}} | [[Merom Golan]] | 10 Januar 2015<ref>Judah Ari Gross, [http://www.timesofisrael.com/golan-sees-record-low-temperatures-during-storm/ "Golan sees record low temperatures during storm"], The Times of Israel, 12 January 2015.</ref> |- | {{flag|Japan}} | {{convert|-41.0|C|F}} | [[Asahikawa]], [[Hokkaidō]] | 25 Januar 1902<ref name="JMA"/> |- |{{flag|Jordan}} |{{convert|-16.0|C|F}} |[[Shoubak]] |{{Dts|15 December 2013}}<ref name=Jordanrecords/> |- | {{flag|Kuwait}} | {{convert|-4.8|C|F}} | [[Salmy]] | 3 Januar 2009<ref name=kuwaitclimate>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213163824/https://www.met.gov.kw/Climate/climate_hist.php?lang=eng |archivedate=13 February 2019 |url=https://www.met.gov.kw/Climate/climate_hist.php?lang=eng |title=Climate History |publisher=Kuwait Meteorological Department |accessdate=13 February 2019}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}} |{{convert|-53.6|C|F}} |? |?<ref name=":0" /> |- | {{flag|Malaysie}} | {{convert|7.8|C|F}} | [[Cameron Hielands]] | 1 February 1978<ref name="climate stats 01"/> |- | {{flag|Maldives}} | {{convert|17.2|C|F}} | [[Hulhulé Island]], locatit at [[Ibrahim Nasir Internaitional Airport]] | 11 Apryle 1978<ref name=Maldivesclimate>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127214507/http://www.meteorology.gov.mv/climateofmaldives |archivedate=27 November 2016 |url=http://www.meteorology.gov.mv/climateofmaldives |title=Climate of Maldives |publisher=Maldives Meteorological Service |accessdate=22 October 2016}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Mongolie}} | {{convert|-55.3|C|F}} | [[Züüngovi, Uvs|Züüngovi]], [[Uvs Province]] | 31 December 1976<ref name=MARCC/><ref name=MongoliaNC>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015000101/https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/2018%20Mongolia%20TNC%20EN.pdf |archivedate=15 October 2018 |url=https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/2018%20Mongolia%20TNC%20EN.pdf |title=Mongolia Third National Communication |publisher= Ministry of Environment and Tourism |accessdate=14 October 2018}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Myanmar}} | {{convert|-57.9|C|F}} | [[Hkakabo Razi]] | unknown<ref>{{cite web |url=https://livingasean.com/explore/asean-winter-snow-in-the-tropics/ |title=ASEAN Winter Snow in the Tropics |website=Living ASEAN |access-date=2019-07-31 |archive-date=2018-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180925191255/http://livingasean.com/explore/asean-winter-snow-in-the-tropics/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Nepal}} | {{convert|-26.0|C|F}} | [[Thakmarpha]], [[Mustang destrict]] | ?<ref name=faoNepal/> |- | {{flag|North Korea}} | {{convert|-43.6|C|F}} | [[Chunggangjin]] | 12 January 1933<ref>{{cite web |author=선종일 |url=http://user.chollian.net/~jis0523/korea-climate.htm |title=Korean Climate |publisher=User.chollian.net |date=1 August 1942 |accessdate=29 January 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229002124/http://user.chollian.net/~jis0523/korea-climate.htm |archivedate=29 December 2011 }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Pakistan}} | {{convert|-24|C|F}} | [[Skardu]] | 7 January 1995<ref>{{cite web |author=Hamayoon Janjua |url=https://crayon.pk/places-with-extreme-low-temperature-in-pakistan/ |title=Pakistan Climate |publisher=crayon.pk |date=30 January 2019 |accessdate=11 May 2018 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705123907/https://crayon.pk/places-with-extreme-low-temperature-in-pakistan/ |archivedate=2019-07-05 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Philippines}} | {{convert|6.3|C|F}} | [[Baguio]] | 18 January 1961<ref name=PhilippinesCC/><ref>{{cite news|last1=Luces|first1=Kim|title='Abnormally cold' temperatures recorded in January|url=http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/346457/scitech/science/abnormally-cold-temperatures-recorded-in-january|accessdate=2 March 2015|publisher=GMA News|date=31 January 2014|quote=However, these are nothing compared to the all-time lowest temperature ever felt in Baguio City and in the Philippines – the 6.3-degree cold felt on January 18, 1961.}}</ref> {{refn |group="notes" |It is reported by local news outlet that temperatures in [[Mt. Pulag]] in the Philippines which is 2,922 meters above sea level plunges as low as {{convert|2.0|C|F}}. PAGASA cannot verify<ref>{{cite news|last1=Yap|first1=DJ|title=Zero in Mt. Pulag? Pagasa clueless|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/346661/zero-in-mt-pulag-pagasa-clueless|accessdate=2 March 2015|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=25 January 2013}}</ref>}} |- |{{flag|Qatar}} |{{convert|1.5|C|F}} |[[Abu Samra]] |{{Dts|5 Februar 2017}}<ref name=JeffMasters2017records/> |- | {{flag|Roushie}} (Siberie) | {{convert|-67.8|C|F}} | [[Verkhoyansk]] an<br/>[[Oymyakon]], baith in [[Sakha Republic]] | 7 February 1892<br/>6 February 1933<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wmo.asu.edu/content/northern-hemisphere-lowest-temperature |title=Northern Hemisphere: Lowest Temperature |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=25 December 2016 |archive-date=2016-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226145102/https://wmo.asu.edu/content/northern-hemisphere-lowest-temperature |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Saudi Arabie}} | {{convert|-12.0|C|F}} | [[Turaif]] | ?<ref name=SaudiCC>{{cite web |url=http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/saunc2.pdf |title=Second National Communication |publisher=Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |page=2 |accessdate=24 October 2016}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Singapore}} |{{convert|19.0|C|F}} |[[Paya Lebar]] |{{Dts|14 Februar 1989}}<ref name=MSSrecords/> |- | {{flag|Sooth Korea}} | {{convert|-32.6|C|F}} | [[Yangpyeong]] | 5 January 1981<ref name=kma>{{cite web|url=http://web.kma.go.kr/eng/biz/climate_01.jsp|title=Climate of Korea|publisher=[[Korea Meteorological Administration]]|accessdate=24 July 2010}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Sirie}} | {{convert|-23.0|C|F}} | [[Idlib]] | Januar 1951<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sy.arabiaweather.com/content/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B0-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-1950|title=أبرد شتاء مر على سوريا منذ عام 1950 !|work=طقس سوريا – طقس العرب}}</ref> |- |{{flag|Taiwan}} |{{convert|-18.4|C|F}} |[[Yushan Naitional Pairk|Yushan]] |{{Dts|31 Januar 1970}}<ref name="ysnp">{{cite web|url=http://www.ysnp.gov.tw/css_en/page.aspx?path=550|title=The Climate|publisher=Yushan National Park|accessdate=22 April 2018|archive-date=2018-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422202523/http://www.ysnp.gov.tw/css_en/page.aspx?path=550|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Thailand}} | {{convert|-1.4|C|F}} | [[Sakon Nakhon Province|Sakon Nakhon]] | 2 Januar 1974<ref name="tmd">{{cite web |url=http://www.tmd.go.th/en/archive/thailand_climate.pdf |title=The Climate of Thailand |publisher=Thai Meteorological Department |accessdate=31 July 2016 |archive-date=2016-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801225446/http://www.tmd.go.th/en/archive/thailand_climate.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |- | {{flag|Turkey}} | {{convert|-46.4|C|F}} | [[Çaldıran (Destrict), Van|Çaldıran]], [[Van Province]] | 9 Januar 1990<ref name="DMIGM"/> |- | {{flag|Turkmenistan}} | {{convert|-36.0|C|F}} | [[Daşoguz Region]] | ?<ref name=TurmenistanCC/> |- | {{flag|United Arab Emirates}} | {{convert|-5.4|C|F}} | [[Jebel Jais]] | 3 Februar 2017<ref name=JeffMasters2017records/> |- | {{flag|Vietnam}} | {{convert|-6.1|C|F}} | [[Sa Pa]] | 4 Januar 1974<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imh.ac.vn/b_tintuc_sukien/bb_tt_khkt/mlfolder.2010-01-25.6091843748/mlfolder.2011-01-28.5026715834/mlnews.2011-01-28.5670939729 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312003953/http://www.imh.ac.vn/b_tintuc_sukien/bb_tt_khkt/mlfolder.2010-01-25.6091843748/mlfolder.2011-01-28.5026715834/mlnews.2011-01-28.5670939729 |archivedate=12 March 2012 |title=Vì sao miền Bắc lạnh bất thường? |publisher=Vietnam Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology |language=Vietnamese |accessdate=13 October 2016}}</ref> |} ==== Europe ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Country/Region !data-sort-type="number" | Temperatur !Toun/Location !Date |- | {{flag|Albanie}} | {{convert|-25.8|C|F}} | ? | <ref> {{cite web|url=https://www.climatechangepost.com/albania/climate-change/ |title=Albania |website=Climate Change Post}} </ref> |- | {{flag|Austrick}} | {{convert|-52.6|C|F}} | [[Grünloch]] doline | 19 Februar 1932<ref name="Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics">{{Cite web |url=http://www.cnrm.meteo.fr/icam2007/ICAM2007/extended/manuscript_95.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-07-22 |archive-date=2013-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112200637/http://www.cnrm.meteo.fr/icam2007/ICAM2007/extended/manuscript_95.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Belaroushie}} | {{convert|-42.2|C|F}} | [[Slavnom]], [[Vitsebsk Voblast]] | 17 Januar 1940<ref name="pogoda">{{cite web |author1=Baglasov Andrey |author2=Belov Alexandr |author3=Sinitsa Valentina |author4=Bychenkov Alexandr |url=http://www.pogoda.by/ |title=Department of Hydrometeorology |publisher=Pogoda.by |accessdate=20 August 2010 |archive-date=2010-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822154324/http://pogoda.by/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Belgium}} | {{convert|-30.1|°C|°F}} | Valley o the [[Lesse]] in [[Rochefort, Belgium|Rochefort]] | 20 Januar 1940<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kmi.be/meteo/view/nl/1119603-Januari.html |title=KMI (Belgian Royal Meteorological Institute) site |publisher=Kmi.be |accessdate=29 January 2012 |archive-date=2015-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928195714/http://www.kmi.be/meteo/view/nl/1119603-Januari.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Bosnie an Herzegovinae}} | {{convert|-42.5|°C|°F}} | [[Igman]] in [[Sarajevo Canton]] | 24 Januar 1963<ref>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108030246/https://www.klix.ba/vijesti/bih/na-igmanu-je-1963-ziva-na-termometru-pala-na-minus-42-5/120210061 |archivedate=8 January 2017 |url=https://www.klix.ba/vijesti/bih/na-igmanu-je-1963-ziva-na-termometru-pala-na-minus-42-5/120210061 |title=Interview with the Federal Hydrometeorological Institute of BiH |publisher=Klix.ba |accessdate=8 January 2017}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Bulgarie}} | {{convert|-38.3|C|F}} | [[Tran, Bulgarie|Tran]] | 25 Januar 1947<ref name="unfccc"/> |- | {{flag|Croatie}} | {{convert|-35.5|C|F}} | [[Čakovec]] | 3 Februar 1929<ref>{{cite web|url=http://unfccc.int/files/national_reports/annex_i_natcom_/application/pdf/hrv_nc6.pdf#page=23 |title=Sixth National Communication and First Biennial Report of the Republic of Croatia under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) |publisher=Croatian Ministry of Environmental and Nature Protection |language=English |accessdate=2 August 2018}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Cyprus}} | {{convert|-16|C|F}} | ? | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://viborc.com/lowest-temperatures-records-for-every-european-country/ |title=Lowest temperatures – list of records for every European country|accessdate=1 July 2018}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Czech Republic}} | {{convert|-42.2|C|F}} | [[Litvínovice]] | 11 Februar 1929<ref name=autogenerated2 /> |- | {{flag|Denmark}} | {{convert|-31.2|C|F}} | [[Thisted Municipality]], [[North Denmark Region]] | 8 Januar 1982<ref name="dmi"/> |- | {{flag|Estonia}} | {{convert|-43.5|C|F}} | [[Jõgeva]], [[Jõgeva Coonty]] | 17 Januar 1940<ref name=autogenerated3 /> |- | {{flag|Finland}} | {{convert|-51.5|C|F}} | Pokka, [[Kittilä]], [[Lapland (Finland)|Lapland]] | 28 Januar 1999<ref name=fmirecords/> |- | {{flag|France}} | {{convert|-41.0|C|F}} | [[Mouthe]], [[Doubs]] | 17 Januar 1985<ref name="Méteo France">{{cite web |url=http://comprendre.meteofrance.com/pedagogique/dossiers/phenomenes/les_grands_froids?page_id=2764&document_id=4578&portlet_id=18309 |title=MétéoFrance |publisher=Comprendre.meteofrance.com |accessdate=29 January 2012 |archive-date=2009-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513102352/http://comprendre.meteofrance.com/pedagogique/dossiers/phenomenes/les_grands_froids?page_id=2764&document_id=4578&portlet_id=18309 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Germany}} | {{convert|-45.9|C|F}} | [[Funtensee]], [[Berchtesgadener Land]], [[Bavarie]] | 24 December 2001<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unwetterzentrale.de/uwz/495.html|title=Wetterextreme (Temperaturspanne von bis zu 146,5°C)|author=Andreas Wagner|date=August 2009|publisher=[[Meteomedia AG|MeteoGroup]]|accessdate=11 August 2014}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Greece}} | {{convert|-27.8|C|F}} | [[Ptolemaida]] | 27 Januar 1963<ref name="meteoclub1"/> |- | {{flag|Hungary}} | {{convert|-35|C|F}} | [[Görömbölytapolca]] | 16 Februar 1940<ref name="met.hu"/> |- | {{flag|Iceland}} | {{convert|-37.9|C|F|sigfig=3}} | [[Grímsstaðir]] | 21 Januar 1918<ref name="iceland"/> |- | {{flag|Ireland}} | {{convert|-19.1|C|F}} | [[Markree Castle]], [[County Sligo]] | 16 Januar 1881<ref name="Met Éireann" /> |- | {{flag|Italy}} | {{convert|-49.6|C|F}} | [[Busa Fradusta]], [[Pale di San Martino]] | 10 Februar 2013<ref name="montagna.tv">{{Cite web|url=https://www.montagna.tv/47324/record-di-freddo-in-italia-49-6c-sulle-pale-di-san-martino/|title=Record di freddo in Italia: -49.6°C sulle Pale di San Martino|date=10 May 2013}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Latvie}} | {{convert|-43.2|C|F}} | [[Daugavpils]] | 8 February 1956<ref name="meteolv"/> |- | {{flag|Lithuanie}} | {{convert|-42.9|C|F}} | [[Utena, Lithuanie|Utena]], [[Utena Coonty]] | 1 February 1956<ref name="record lithuania" /> |- | {{flag|Malta}} | {{convert|1.4|C|F}} | [[Maltae Internaitional Airport]] | 29 Januar 1981<ref name="MaltaCC"/><ref name=MaltaNSO/> |- | {{flag|Moldovae}} | {{convert|-35.5|°C|°F}} | [[Brătușeni]], [[Edineț Destrict]] | {{Dts|20 Januar 1963}}<ref name=Moldovarecords/> |- | {{flag|Netherlands}} | {{convert|-27.4|C|F}} | [[Winterswijk]] | 27 Januar 1942<ref name="meteonet1">{{cite web|url=http://weergegevens.nl/extremes_day.aspx?station=9999999&extreem=X_TX&order=1&maand=7&dag=25&country=3|title=Dagrecords van het weer van KNMI stations in Nederland|work=weergegevens.nl}}</ref> |- | {{flag|North Macedonie}} | {{convert|-31.5|C|F}} | [[Berovo]], [[Berovo Municipality]] | 27 Januar 1954<ref name="meteomk">{{cite web |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20070819153102/http://www.meteo.gov.mk/MeterolKlimaEkstremni.asp |archivedate=19 August 2007 |url=http://www.meteo.gov.mk/MeterolKlimaEkstremni.asp?X=1 |title=Климатски екстреми |publisher=Hydrometeorological Service |language=Macedonian |accessdate=4 February 2010 }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Norawa}} | {{convert|-51.4|C|F}} | [[Karasjok]], [[Finnmark]] | 1 Januar 1886<ref name="DNMI" /> |- | {{flag|Poland}} | {{convert|-41.0|C|F}} | [[Siedlce]], [[Masovian Voivodeship]] | 11 Januar 1940<ref name="klimat.geo.uj.edu.pl"/> |- | {{flag|Portugal}} | {{convert|-16.0|C|F}} | [[Penhas da Saúde]], [[Covilhã Municipality]]<br/>[[Miranda do Douro]] | 16 Januar 1945 an 5 Februar 1954<ref name="meteopt">{{cite web |url=http://www.freipedro.pt/tb/301299/soc8.htm |title=Terras da Beira – "Reveillon" português sem chuva, mas a bater o dente de frio |date=27 March 2014 |accessdate=31 March 2014 |language=pt |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100812052145/http://www.freipedro.pt/tb/301299/soc8.htm |archivedate=12 August 2010 }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Romanie}} | {{convert|-38.5|C|F}} | [[Bod, Braşov|Bod]], [[Braşov Coonty]] | 25 January 1942<ref>{{cite web|author=infoTURIST |url=http://www.infoturist.ro/romania.html |title=Romania |publisher=Infoturist.ro |date=25 January 1942 |accessdate=20 August 2010}}</ref> |- | {{flagdeco|Roushie}} [[European Roushie]] | {{convert|-58.1|C|F}} | [[Ust' Shchugor]], [[Komi Republic]] | 31 December 1978<ref name="WMO"/> |- | {{flag|Serbie}} | {{convert|-39.5|C|F}} | [[Karajukica Bunari]], [[Zlatibor Destrict]] | 13 Januar 1985<ref name="hidmet"/> |- | {{flag|Slovakie}} | {{convert|-41.0|C|F}} | [[Vígľaš|Vígľaš-Pstruša]] | 11 Februar 1929<ref name=slovakrecord/> |- | {{flag|Slovenie}} | {{convert|-34.5|C|F}} | [[Babno Polje]] | 15 Februar 1956 / 16 Februar 1956 / 13 Januar 1968{{refn |group="notes" |The lawest unoffeecially meisurt temperatur in Slovenie wis recordit at [[Komna]] on 9 Januar 2009 an reached {{convert|-49|C}}.}}<ref name="ARSO">{{cite web |url=http://www.arso.gov.si/vreme/podnebje/slo_vremenski_rekordi.pdf |title=Slovenski vremenski rekordi |publisher=Slovenian Environment Agency |language=Slovenian |page=2 |accessdate=22 October 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001118/http://www.arso.gov.si/vreme/podnebje/slo_vremenski_rekordi.pdf |archivedate=4 March 2016 }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Spain}} | {{convert|-30|C|F}} | [[Calamocha]] Airport, [[Province o Teruel|Teruel Province]] | 17 December 1963<ref name="AEMET">{{cite web |url=http://www.aemet.es/documentos/es/divulgacion/resumen_efemerides/Resumen_extremos.pdf |title=Resumen de extremos climatológicos en España |publisher=Agencia Estatal de Meteorología |language=Spanish |accessdate=31 October 2016}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Sweden}} | {{convert|-52.6|C|F}} | [[Vuoggatjålme]], [[Lapland (Swaden)|Lappland]] | 2 Februar 1966<ref name="SMHI"/> |- | {{flag|Swisserland}} | {{convert|-41.8|C|F}} | [[La Brévine]] | 12 Januar 1987<ref name="Weather in Switzerland"/> |- | {{flag|Ukraine}} | {{convert|-41.9|C|F}} | [[Luhansk]] | 8 Januar 1935<ref name=cgo/><ref name="segodnya1">{{cite web |url=http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14068460.html |title=Погодные рекорды Украины &#124; Новости Украины &#124; СЕГОДНЯ |publisher=Segodnya.ua |accessdate=20 August 2010 |archive-date=2009-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090801122521/http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14068460.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Unitit Kinrick}} | {{convert|-27.2|C|F}} | [[Braemar]], [[Aberdeenshire]]<br/>[[Altnaharra]], [[Sutherland]] | 11 Februar 1895<br>10 Januar 1982<br/>30 December 1995<ref name="UK Met Office"/> |} ==== North Americae ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region !data-sort-type="number" | Temperatur !Toun/Location ! data-sort-type="ISOdate" | Date |- | {{flag|Antigua an Barbuda}} | {{convert|16.1|C|F}} | [[V. C. Bird Internaitional Airport]], [[Antigua]] | data-sort-value="1974-12-31" | 31 December 1974 and 28 January 1976<ref name=Antiguaclimate/><ref name=Antiguaclimatedata/> |- | {{flag|Canada}} | {{convert|-63.0|C|F}} | [[Snag, Yukon|Snag]], [[Yukon]] | data-sort-value="1947-02-03" | 3 February 1947<ref name="Handy Weather Answer Book"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://wmo.asu.edu/content/north-america-excluding-greenland-lowest-temperature |title=WMO Region IV (North America): Lowest Temperature |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=31 October 2016 |archive-date=2016-11-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161101101839/https://wmo.asu.edu/content/north-america-excluding-greenland-lowest-temperature |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Cayman Islands}} | {{convert|11.1|C|F}} | [[Owen Roberts Internaitional Airport]], [[Grand Cayman]] | ?<ref name=Caymanclimate>{{cite web|url=http://www.weather.gov.ky/portal/page/portal/nwshome/climate|title=Climate|publisher=National Weather Service (Cayman Islands Government)|accessdate=30 October 2016|archive-date=2016-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031033225/http://www.weather.gov.ky/portal/page/portal/nwshome/climate|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Cuba}} | {{convert|0.6|C|F}} | Bainoa, [[Mayabeque Province]] | data-sort-value="1996-02-18" | 18 February 1996<ref name=Cubarecords/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sld.cu/galerias/pdf/red/tiempo/programa_y_articulos_en_pdf.pdf |title = III Congreso Cubano de Meteorología |page = 36 | publisher = ACQ & Asociados | language = Spanish |trans-title=Third Cuban Congress of Meteorology |accessdate=27 October 2011 |quote = Desde el punto de vista sinóptico, se realizó un estudio del día 18 de febrero de 1996, cuando se registraron temperaturas notablemente frías en la región occidental, y muy frías en el resto del país. Ese día, en la estación meteorológica de Bainoa se registró el record nacional de 0.6°C.}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Dominican Republic}} | {{convert|-7.0|C|F}} | Valle Nuevo, [[La Vega Province]] | data-sort-value="1983-01-17" | 17 January 1983<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Cassá Bernaldo de Quirós|first1=Constancio|title=Valle Nuevo: su historia y naturaleza|journal=Clío|date=July 2012|issue=184|page=222|url=http://clio.academiahistoria.org.do/trabajos/clio184/Clio_2012_No_184-07.pdf|accessdate=29 January 2015|publisher=Academia Dominicana de la Historia|language=Spanish|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216100933/http://clio.academiahistoria.org.do/trabajos/clio184/Clio_2012_No_184-07.pdf|archivedate=16 February 2015}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Greenland}} | {{convert|-66.1|C|F}} | [[North Ice]] | data-sort-value="1954-01-09" | 9 Januar 1954<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wmo.asu.edu/content/wmo-region-6-lowest-temperature |title=WMO Region VI (Europe): Lowest Temperature |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=31 October 2016 |archive-date=2016-11-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161101102132/https://wmo.asu.edu/content/wmo-region-6-lowest-temperature |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Guatemala}} | {{convert|-11.5|C|F}} | [[Olintepeque]], [[Quetzaltenango Department]] | ?<ref name="INSIVUMEH">{{cite web|url= http://www.insivumeh.gob.gt/meteorologia/ESTADISTICAS.htm |title= Datos metorologicos de los departamentos |publisher= INSIVUMEH |language= spanish |accessdate=26 October 2011}}</ref> <!-- Note: THIS PAGE IS FOR OFFICIAL RECORDS ONLY, NOT REMOTELY SENSED OBSERVATIONS for example: http://www.aztecanoticias.com.mx/notas/estados/193862/madera-el-lugar-mas-frio-de-mexico "aunque pocos lo saben porque aquí no hay medidor oficial", Translation: "though few know it because there is no official measurer" The source itself states that the record is not official! --> |- |{{flag|Martinique}} |{{convert|14.1|C|F}} |[[Le Lamentin]] |{{Dts|25 December 1964}}<ref name=martiniqueclimate/> |- | {{flag|Panama}} | {{convert|2.0|C|F}} | Bajo Grande, [[Chiriquí Province]] | data-sort-value="1995-02-20" | 20 February 1995<ref name=ETESA/> |- | {{flag|Puerto Rico}} | {{convert|40|F|C|order=flip}} | [[Aibonito]]/[[San Sebastián, Puerto Rico|San Sebastian]] | data-sort-value="1911-03-09" | 9 March 1911/ 24 January 1966<ref name=NWSpuertorico/> |- | {{flag|US Virgin Islands}} | {{convert|51.0|F|C|order=flip}} | [[Anna's Hope, U.S. Virgin Islands|Anna's Hope]], [[Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands|Saint Croix]] | data-sort-value="1954-01-31" | 31 January 1954<ref name=NWSpuertorico/> |- | {{flag|Unitit States}}<br> ({{flag|Alaska}}) | {{convert|-62.2|C|F}} | [[Prospect Creek, Alaska|Prospect Creek]], [[Alaska]] | data-sort-value="1971-01-23" | 23 January 1971<ref name="NCEC">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/extremes/ncec/records |title=National Climate Extremes Committee: Existing Records |publisher=[[National Climatic Data Center]] |accessdate=25 December 2016}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Unitit States}}<br> ({{flag|Hawaii}}) | {{convert|-11.1|C|F}} | [[Mauna Kea]], [[Hawaii]] | data-sort-value="1979-05-17" | 17 May 1979<ref name=usstaterecords>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221174428/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/extremes/scec/records |archivedate=21 February 2018 |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/extremes/scec/records |title=State Climate Extremes Committee (SCEC): Records by State |publisher=National Climatic Data Center |accessdate=21 February 2018}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Unitit States}}<br> (Mainland) | {{convert|-57.0|C|F}} | [[Rogers Pass (Montana)|Rogers Pass]], [[Montana]] | data-sort-value="1954-01-20" | 20 January 1954<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/tfx/tx.php?wfo=tfx&type=html&loc=text&fx=topweather| title = Top Ten Montana Weather Events of the 20th Century | work =National Weather Service Unveils Montana's Top Ten Weather/Water/Climate Events of the 20th Century | publisher = National Weather Service |accessdate=9 March 2007}}</ref> |} ==== Sooth Americae ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region !data-sort-type="number" | Temperature !Toun/Location !Date |- | {{flag|Argentinae}} | {{convert|-32.8|C|F}} | [[Sarmiento, Chubut|Sarmiento]], [[Chubut Province]] | 1 Juin 1907<ref>{{cite web |publisher= Arizona State University |url= http://wmo.asu.edu/#continental |title= World Meteorological Organization Global Weather & Climate Extremes Archive |accessdate= 7 June 2015}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Brazil}} | {{convert|-14.0|C|F}} | [[Caçador]], [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]] | 11 Juin 1952<ref name="Caçador municipality">{{cite web |title = História de Caçador |url = http://www.clicrbs.com.br/anoticia/jsp/default.jsp?uf=2&local=18&section=Geral&newsID=a2969554.xml |publisher = A Notícia |language = Portuguese |trans-title = Quarta-feira pode ter recorde de temperatura mínima neste ano em Santa Catarina |year = 2010 |accessdate = 22 December 2010 |quote = Caçador has the lowest recorded temperature, officially, in Brazil, of −14&nbsp;°C in 1952. Another record, unofficial, of −17.8&nbsp;°C in 1996-06-29, at the summit of [[Morro da Igreja]], [[Urubici]], also in [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], would give the record to this locality. |archive-date = 2011-06-29 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110629103211/http://www.clicrbs.com.br/anoticia/jsp/default.jsp?uf=2&local=18&section=Geral&newsID=a2969554.xml |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ciram.epagri.sc.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=140&Itemid=364|title=Recordes de Frio em SC|accessdate=17 October 2014}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Chile}} | {{convert|-37|C|F|1}} | [[Coyhaique Alto]], [[Aysen Region]] | 21 June 2002<ref>{{cite news|title=Bajas temperaturas ponen en alerta a sector agrícola en Aysén|url=http://www.emol.com/noticias/nacional/2002/06/21/88368/bajas-temperaturas-ponen-en-alerta-a-sector-agricola-en-aysen.html|accessdate=18 August 2017|language=Spanish|archive-date=2017-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818093531/http://www.emol.com/noticias/nacional/2002/06/21/88368/bajas-temperaturas-ponen-en-alerta-a-sector-agricola-en-aysen.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | {{flag|French Guiana}} | {{convert|16.9|C|F}} | [[Maripasoula]] | 23 Januar 1964<ref>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101020827/http://www.meteofrance.gp/documents/3714888/5579049/Climat973_2pages.pdf/0073f8b7-66af-4487-93e7-36a3c32d44e0 |archivedate=1 January 2019 |url= http://www.meteofrance.gp/documents/3714888/5579049/Climat973_2pages.pdf/0073f8b7-66af-4487-93e7-36a3c32d44e0 |title= Le Climat Guyanais |publisher=Météo-France |language=French |accessdate= 31 December 2018}}</ref> |- | {{flag|Paraguay}} | {{convert|-7.5|C|F}} | [[Pratts Gill]], [[Boquerón Depairtment]] | 13 Julie 2000<ref>{{es icon}} [http://www.lanacion.com.py/articulo.php?con-12-grados-bajo-cero-en-asuncion-la-ola-polar-l&edicion=2&sec=10&art=28339 Con 1,2 grados bajo cero en Asunción, la ola polar llegó para quedarse] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102005334/http://www.lanacion.com.py/articulo.php?con-12-grados-bajo-cero-en-asuncion-la-ola-polar-l&edicion=2&sec=10&art=28339 |date=2 January 2013 }}, La Nación. Retrieved 12 February 2012.</ref> |- | {{flag|Peru}} | {{convert|-25.2|C|F}} | [[Mazo Cruz]], [[Puno Region]] | 30 Juin 1966<ref>[http://bvpad.indeci.gob.pe/doc/pdf/esp/doc320/doc320_4b.pdf Programa de Capacitación Para la Estimación del Riesgo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725004314/http://bvpad.indeci.gob.pe/doc/pdf/esp/doc320/doc320_4b.pdf |date=25 July 2011 }}, Biblioteca Virtual en Prevención y Atención de Desastres (BVPAD). Retrieved 30 August 2009.</ref> |- | {{flag|Uruguay}} | {{convert|-11.0|C|F}} | [[Melo, Uruguay|Melo]], [[Cerro Largo Depairtment]] | 14 Juin 1967<ref name=uruguayrecordssum/><ref name=uruguayrecordsraw/> |- | {{flag|Venezuela}} | {{convert|-12.0|C|F}} | [[Pico Piedras Blancas|Piedras Blancas]], [[Estado Mérida (Venezuela)|estado Mérida]] | 15 Januar 2010<ref name="mherrera"/> |} ==== Oceanie ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Kintra/Region !data-sort-type="number" | Temperature !Toun/Location !Date |- | {{flag|Australie}} | {{convert|-23.0|C|F}} | [[Charlotte Pass, New Sooth Wales]] | 29 Juin 1994<ref name="BoMExtremes"/> |- | {{flag|New Zealand}} | {{convert|-25.6|C|F}} | [[Ranfurly, New Zealand|Ranfurly]], [[Central Otago]] | 18 Julie 1903<ref name="TVNZ">{{cite web |url=http://tvnz.co.nz/national-news/new-record-zealand-s-coldest-day-4297892 |title=New record for New Zealand's coldest day |publisher=TVNZ |date=12 July 2011 |accessdate=12 July 2011 |archive-date=2011-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715024615/http://tvnz.co.nz/national-news/new-record-zealand-s-coldest-day-4297892 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | {{flag|Samoa}} | {{convert|11.1|C|F}} | [[Afiamalu, Samoa|Afiamalu]] | {{Dts|29 September 1971}}<ref name = WBsamoaclimate/> |} ===Ither law-temperatur records=== * '''Fastest temperatur drop:''' 27.2&nbsp;°C (49&nbsp;°F) in 5 meenits; [[Rapid City, Sooth Dakota]], 10 Januar 1911.<ref name="Handy Weather Answer Book"/> * '''Cauldest simmer (month o Julie in the Northren Hemisphere)''': {{convert|-33|C|F|1}} degrees; [[Summit Camp]], Greenland on 4 Julie 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=*Impressive cold in Greenland and near record accumulations of snow and ice|url=https://www.vencoreweather.com/blog/2017/7/6/115-pm-impressive-cold-in-greenland-and-near-record-accumulations-of-snow-and-ice|website=vencore weather|accessdate=29 July 2017}}</ref> ==Precipitation== * '''Least per year (locale)''': {{convert|0.2|mm|in}} per year or less, [[Quillagua]], [[Antofagasta Region]], [[Chile]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Time to Update World’s Driest and Wettest Locations?|url=http://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/comment.html?entrynum=131|publisher=Weather Underground|accessdate=10 June 2013|author=Christopher C. Burt|archive-date=2013-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329022116/http://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/comment.html?entrynum=131|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Rain=== * '''Maist in ane minute''': {{convert|38|mm|in|abbr=on}}; Barot, [[Guadeloupe]], 26 November 1970.<ref>{{cite web|title=Service Hydrologique de 1’O.R.S.T.O.M: Intensité extraordinaire de la précipitation du 26 novembre 1970 dans la région des Grands-Fonds de Guadeloupe|url=http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_4/hydrologie/14877.pdf|accessdate=4 June 2013}}</ref> * '''Maist in ane oor''': {{convert|305|mm|in|abbr=on}} in 42 minutes. [[Holt, Missouri]], Unitit States, 22 Juin 1947.<ref name="WMO"/> * '''Maist in 12 oors''': {{convert|1144|mm|in|abbr=on}}; [[Cilaos]], [[Réunion]], 8 Januar 1966, during [[tropical cyclone]] Denise.<ref name="WMO"/> * '''Maist in 24 oors''': {{convert|1825|mm|in|abbr=on}}; [[Cilaos]], Réunion, 7–8 Januar 1966, during [[tropical cyclone]] Denise.<ref name="WMO"/> * '''Maist in 48 oors''': {{convert|2493|mm|in|abbr=on}}; [[Cherrapunji]], [[Meghalaya]], Indie, 15–16 Juin 1995.<ref name="WMO"/> * '''Maist in 72 oors''': {{convert|3929|mm|in|abbr=on}}; Commerson, [[Réunion]], 24–26 Februar 2007.<ref name="WMO"/> * '''Maist in 96 oors''': {{convert|4869|mm|in|abbr=on}}; Commerson, Réunion, 24–27 Februar 2007.<ref name="WMO"/> * '''Maist in ane year''': {{convert|26470|mm|in|abbr=on}}; [[Cherrapunji]], [[Meghalaya]], Indie, 1860–1861.<ref name="WMO"/> * '''Heichest average annual tot''': {{convert|11872|mm|in|abbr=on}}; [[Mawsynram]], [[Meghalaya]], Indie.<ref name="WMO"/> ===Snaw=== * '''Maist in ane-year period''': 31.5 meters (102&nbsp;ft); [[Mount Rainier]], [[Washington (U.S. state)|Washington]], United States, 19 Februar 1971 tae 18 Februar 1972.<ref name="Handy Weather Answer Book"/> * '''Maist in ane saison (1 Julie – 30 Juin):''' 29.0&nbsp;meters, (95&nbsp;ft); [[Mount Baker]], [[Washington (U.S. state)|Washington]], United States, 1998 throu 1999.<ref name="season snow record">{{Citation | last = Burt | first = Christopher | year = 2004 | title = Extreme Weather: A Guide and Record Book | publisher = W.W. Norton & Co. | ISBN = 0-393-32658-6 |page=77 }}</ref> * '''Maist in ane calendar month''' an '''greatest snow depth''' in North Americae: 990.6&nbsp;cm (390 inches) o snaw fell in [[Tamarack, Californie]] in Januar 1911, leadin tae a snaw depth in Mairch o 1145.5&nbsp;cm (451 inches).<ref name="season snow record"/><ref>Frank H. Forrester, ''1001 Questions Answered about the Weather'' (ISBN 0486242188), page 235: "The greatest amount of snowfall for a calendar month occurred at Tamarack, California, in January, 1911—390 inches."</ref> ==Wind speed== * '''Fastest ever recorded''': 484[[±]]32&nbsp;km/h (301[[±]]20&nbsp;mph) 3-second gust; Observed bi a [[Doppler On Wheels|DOW]] ([[Doppler weather radar|Doppler]] On Wheels) radar unit in a [[1999 Bridge Creek – Moore tornado|tornado]] near [[Oklahoma City]], Oklahoma on 3 Mey 1999.<ref name="fastest wind">{{cite web| url = http://cswr.org/dow/DOW.htm| title = Doppler On Wheels| accessdate = 18 February 2007| author = [http://cswr.org/ Center for Severe Weather Research]| year = 2006| archive-date = 2007-02-05| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070205124033/http://www.cswr.org/dow/dow.htm| url-status = dead}}</ref> * '''Fastest recorded wi an [[anemometer]]:''' 113.2&nbsp;m/s or {{convert|407|km/h|abbr=on}} 3-second gust; ane of five extreme gusts during a series of 5-min time periods; [[Barrow Island (Western Australia)]], 10 Aprile 1996, during [[Cyclone Olivia]].<ref>[http://wmo.asu.edu/world-maximum-surface-wind-gust World: Maximum Surface Wind Gust (3-Second)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303175240/http://wmo.asu.edu/world-maximum-surface-wind-gust |date=2016-03-03 }} at the World Meteorological Organization website</ref> * '''Fastest recorded wi an anemometer ootside a [[tropical cyclone]]:''' 372&nbsp;km/h (231&nbsp;mph) sustained 1-minute average; [[Mount Washington (New Hampshire)|Mount Washington]], [[New Hampshire]], 12 Aprile 1934.<ref name="101 earth facts">{{cite web|url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/101_earth_facts_030722-1.html |title=101 Amazing Earth Facts |publisher=SPACE.com |accessdate=20 August 2010}}</ref> * '''Fastest daily average:''' 174&nbsp;km/h (108&nbsp;mph); [[Port Martin]] ([[Adélie Land]]), Antarctica, 24-oor period frae 21 Mairch 1951 tae 22 Mairch 1951.<ref name="Handy Weather Answer Book"/> ==Tornadoes== {{Main|Tornado records}} [[File:Tri-State Tornado.JPG|thumb|250px|The Tri-State Tornado haulds mony records, includin the langest kent tornado track, fastest speed for a signeeficant tornado, an the deadliest tornado ootside o [[Bangladesh]].]] ===Deadliest in history=== * '''On Yird''': Approximately 1300 daiths; [[Manikganj Destrict]], Bangladesh on 26 Aprile 1989.<ref name="tornado project Bangladesh">{{cite web |url=http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/bangladesh.htm |title=Tornadoes in Bangladesh |publisher=Tornadoproject.com |accessdate=20 August 2010 |archive-date=2012-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919111413/http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/bangladesh.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * '''In North Americae:''' 695 daiths ([[Tri-State Tornado]]); [[Missouri]], [[Illinois]], [[Indiana]], United States 18 Mairch 1925.<ref name="Handy Weather Answer Book"/> * '''In Europe:''' 600 or mair ([[Valletta, Malta Tornado|Grand Harbour Tornado]]); [[Valletta]], Malta, 23 September 1551 or 1556 (soorces conflict)<ref name="TORRO records">{{cite web |url=http://www.torro.org.uk/TORRO/research/whirlextreme.php |title=Research: Tornado Extremes |publisher=TORRO |accessdate=20 August 2010 |archive-date=2007-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070814075710/http://www.torro.org.uk/TORRO/research/whirlextreme.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> * '''In Sooth Americae:''' 63 daiths, [[San Justo, Santa Fe|San Justo]], [[Santa Fe, Argentina|Santa Fe]], Argentina, 10 Januar 1973<ref name="Uno Santafe">{{cite web|url=http://www.unosantafe.com.ar/santafe/A-39-aos-del-tornado-en-San-Justo-el-unico-F5-en-toda-Sudamerica-y-Latinoamerica-20120110-0002.html"|title=A 39 años del tornado en San Justo, el único F5 en toda Sudamérica y Latinoamérica|publisher=Uno Santa Fe|accessdate=18 March 2014}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * '''In Australie:''' Three daiths, [[Kin Kin]], [[Queensland]] tornado, 14 August 1971<ref>{{cite web |author=National Climate Centre |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/storm1.htm |title=Australian Climate Extremes-Storm |publisher=BOM |accessdate=3 September 2012 |archiveurl=https://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/96122/20090317-1643/www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/storm1.html |archivedate=2009-03-17 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Ootbreaks=== * '''Lairgest an maist severe:''' The [[Aprile 25–28, 2011 tornado outbreak]]: 207 confirmed tornadoes occurred in a span o 24 oors, wi a tot o 337 occurrin throuoot the duration o the ootbreak. Thay affectit sax US states, an includit 11 [[Enhanced Fujita scale|EF4s]] an 4 EF5s.<ref>[http://wmo.asu.edu/tornado-largest-tornado-outbreak World: Largest tornado Outbreak] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926235427/http://wmo.asu.edu/tornado-largest-tornado-outbreak |date=2013-09-26 }} at the World Meteorological Organization website</ref> ==Tropical cyclones== {{Main|Leet o tropical cyclone records}} ===Maist intense (bi minimum surface air pressur)=== * '''Maist intense iver recordit''': 870&nbsp;hPa (25.63&nbsp;[[Inches o mercury|inHg]]); [[ee (cyclone)|ee]] o [[Typhoon Tip|Super Typhoon Tip]] ower the Pacific Ocean, 12 October 1979.<ref name="Handy Weather Answer Book"/> * '''Maist intense in the [[Western Hemisphere]]:''' 872&nbsp;hPa (25.75&nbsp;inHg); ee o [[Hurricane Patricia]] ower the eastren Paceefic Ocean, 23 October 2015.<ref name="strongest hurricane">{{cite web|url=http://www.weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/hurricane-patricia-mexico-coast |title=Catastrophic Landfall Expected in Mexico Friday; Patricia Becomes Strongest Hurricane Ever Recorded |publisher=weather.com |accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref> * '''Maist intense iver recordit on laund:''' 892&nbsp;hPa (26.35&nbsp;inHg); Craig's Key, Florida, ee o the [[Labor Day Hurricane o 1935|Labor Day Hurricane]], 2 September 1935. While ither laundfawin tropical cyclones potentially haed lawer pressurs, data is vague frae auries ither nor the [[Atlantic basin]], especially afore the invention o [[wather satellite]]s.<ref name="lowest on land">{{cite web |url=http://extremeweatherguide.com/records.asp |title=Extreme Weather: A Guide and Record Book |publisher=Extremeweatherguide.com |accessdate=20 August 2010 |archive-date=2010-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804232406/http://extremeweatherguide.com/records.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Ither severe wather== [[File:Hailstone.jpg|thumb|right|A pictur o the Aurora, Nebraska hailstone, measurt at {{convert|18.75|in|cm|disp=flip|abbr=on|sigfig=3}} in [[circumference]]]] ===Hail=== {{Main|Leet o costly or deadly hailstorms}} * '''Hiviest offeecially recordit:''' {{convert|2.25|lb|kg|disp=flip|abbr=on}}; [[Gopalganj Destrict (Bangladesh)|Gopalganj Destrict]], Bangladesh, 14 Aprile 1986.<ref name="weather extremes">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/sgx/research/Guide/weatherextremes.pdf|title=Appendix I – Weather Extremes|publisher=[[National Weather Service]]|location=San Diego, California|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528065516/http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/sgx/research/Guide/weatherextremes.pdf|archivedate=2008-05-28|accessdate=1 June 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> * '''Lairgest diameter offeecially measurt:''' {{convert|8.0|in|cm|disp=flip|abbr=on}} [[diameter]], {{convert|18.625|in|cm|disp=flip|abbr=on|sigfig=3}} [[circumference]]; [[Vivian, Sooth Dakota]], 23 Julie 2010.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.crh.noaa.gov/abr/?n=stormdamagetemplate| title = Record Setting Hail Event in Vivian, South Dakota on July&nbsp;23, 2010| author = NWS| date = 30 July 2010| publisher = National Weather Service| location = [[Aberdeen, South Dakota]]| archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/5rhd1coDR?url=http://www.crh.noaa.gov/abr/?n=stormdamagetemplate| archivedate = 2010-08-03| accessdate = 3 August 2010| url-status = live}}</ref> * '''Lairgest circumference offeecially measurt:''' {{convert|18.75|in|cm|disp=flip|abbr=on|sigfig=3}} circumference, {{convert|7.0|in|cm|disp=flip|abbr=on}} diameter; [[Aurora, Nebraska]], 22 Juin 2003.<ref name="weather extremes"/><ref name="NG Hail">{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/08/0804_030804_largesthailstone.html |title=Largest Hailstone in U.S. History Found |publisher=News.nationalgeographic.com |accessdate=20 August 2010}}</ref> ===Lichtnin=== * '''Langest lichtnin bowt''': {{convert|321|km|mi|abbr=on}} on 20 Juin 2007 in [[Oklahoma]].<ref name=Lang2016>{{cite journal |last1=Lang |first1=Timothy |last2=Pédeboy |first2=Stéphane |last3=Rison |first3=William |last4=Cerveny |first4=Randall |last5=Montanyà |first5=Joan |last6=Chauzy |first6=Serge |last7=MacGorman |first7=Donald |last8=Holle |first8=Ronald |title= WMO World Record Lightning Extremes: Longest Reported Flash Distance and Longest Reported Flash Duration |journal=[[Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society]] |volume= 98|issue= 6|pages=1153–1168 |date=September 2016 |doi=10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0061.1 |pmid=28111477 |pmc=5240975 |bibcode =2017BAMS...98.1153L }}</ref><ref name=wmolightning>{{cite news|title=WMO rules on longest distance and longest duration lightning flashes|url=http://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/wmo-rules-longest-distance-and-longest-duration-lightning-flashes|accessdate=16 September 2016|publisher=World Meteorological Organization|date=16 September 2016|archive-date=2016-09-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917075936/http://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/wmo-rules-longest-distance-and-longest-duration-lightning-flashes|url-status=dead}}</ref> * '''Langest duration for a single lichtnin flash''': 7.74 seconds on 30 August 2012 in [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]], Fraunce.<ref name=Lang2016/><ref name=wmolightning/> * '''Maist strikes per year''': [[Catatumbo lichtnin]] in [[Loch Maracaibo]], [[Venezuela]] earned the tap spot receivin an average rate o aboot 233 flashes per square kilometer per year.<ref name="NASA lightning">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/news/news/releases/2016/earths-new-lightning-capital-revealed.html |title=NASA – Earth's New Lightning Capital Revealed |publisher=Nasa.gov |accessdate=2 May 2016}}</ref><ref name=Albrecht2016>{{cite journal |last1=Albrecht |first1=Rachel |last2=Goodman |first2=Steven |last3=Buechler |first3=Dennis |last4=Blakeslee |first4=Richard |last5=Christian |first5=Hugh |title= Where are the lightning hotspots on Earth? |journal=[[Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society]] |volume=97 |issue=11 |page= 2051|date=December 2016 |doi=10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00193.1 |bibcode =2016BAMS...97.2051A }}</ref> ===UV=== *On Dec. 29, 2003, a warld-record UV index o 43.3 wis detectit at Bolivia's Licancabur volcano.<ref>http://www.livescience.com/46701-andes-highest-uv-index-measured.html</ref> ==Ither categories== * '''Heichest air pressur ever recorded (abuin 750 meters)''': 1084.8&nbsp;hPa (32.03&nbsp;inHg); [[Tosontsengel, Khövsgöl|Tosontsengel]], [[Khövsgöl Province]], [[Mongolia]], 19 December 2001.<ref name="ASU1">{{cite web |url=http://wmo.asu.edu/highest-sea-lvl-air-pressure-above-700m |title=World: Highest Sea Level Air Pressure Above 750 meters |author= |work= |publisher=Arizona State University |accessdate=7 October 2012 |archive-date=2012-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013225735/http://wmo.asu.edu/highest-sea-lvl-air-pressure-above-700m |url-status=dead }}</ref> This is the equivalent [[sea-level pressur]]; Tosontsengel is locatit at {{convert|1300|m|ft}} abuin sea level. The heichest adjusted-tae-sea-level barometric pressur ever recordit (ablo 750 meters) wis at Agata, Evenhiyskiy, Roushie (66°53’N, 93°28’E, elevation: 261&nbsp;m (856.3&nbsp;ft)) on 31 December 1968 o 1,083.3 hectopascals (hPa) (31.99 inHg).<ref name="ASU2">{{cite web |url=http://wmo.asu.edu/world-highest-sea-level-air-pressure-below-700m |title=World: Highest Sea Level Air Pressure Below 750 meters |author= |work= |publisher=Arizona State University |accessdate=7 October 2012 |archive-date=2012-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013225154/http://wmo.asu.edu/world-highest-sea-level-air-pressure-below-700m |url-status=dead }}</ref> The discrimination is due tae the problematic assumptions (assumin a staundart lapse rate) associatit wi reduction o sea level frae heich elevations.<ref name="ASU1"/><ref name="ASU2"/> ==See an aa== {{Portal|Wather}} * [[Extremes on Yird]] * [[Leet o extreme temperaturs in Canadae]] * [[UK rainfaw records]] * [[U.S. state temperatur extremes]] * [[Wather extremes in Canadae]] * [[2013 extreme wather events]] ==Notes== {{Reflist|group="notes"}} ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/monitoring/extremes/ncec.html National Climate Extremes Committee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829221108/http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/monitoring/extremes/ncec.html |date=2009-08-29 }} * [http://wmo.asu.edu/ Global Weather & Climate Extremes] (Arizona State Varsity) {{Portal bar|Wather}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2012}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Leet O Wather Records}} [[Category:Leets o wather records| ]] [[Category:Wather extremes o Yird]] 0e8frwblhtom7ndziq1a8knc4iwbqrh 0 124470 918474 885236 2026-06-20T08:51:36Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|57|49|N|8|35|W|display=title|region:GB_type:isle}} {{Infobox Scottish island |Map = |coordinates = {{coord|57.8|-8.6|display=inline}} |location_map=Scotland Outer Hebrides |caption=St Kilda shawn within the Waster Isles |official_name=St Kilda |GridReference = NF095995 |celtic name=Hiort |gaelic pronunciation={{IPA-gd|hirˠʃt̪||Hiort.ogg}} |norse name = Possibly Skildir |meaning of name = Unkent, possibly Gaelic for "westland" |area = 854.6&nbsp;ha |area rank = |highest elevation = Conachair 430&nbsp;m |Population = No permanent population syne 1930 |population rank = |main settlement = Am Baile (the Veelage) |island group = St Kilda |local authority=[[Comhairle nan Eilean Siar]] |references=<ref>{{cite journal| url=http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files1/stats/occasional-paper-10-inhabited-islands.pdf| format=PDF| title=Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands| author=General Register Office for Scotland| date=28 November 2003| accessdate=25 July 2007| journal=| archive-date=2008-08-27| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827172139/http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files1/stats/occasional-paper-10-inhabited-islands.pdf| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=OS>[http://getamap.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/getamap/frames.htm?mapAction=gaz&gazName=g&gazString=NF095995 ''Get-a-map''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007031903/http://getamap.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/getamap/frames.htm?mapAction=gaz&gazName=g&gazString=NF095995 |date=2013-10-07 }} "NF095995" [[Ordnance Survey]]. Retrieved 28 December 2007.</ref><ref name=Smith>{{Haswell-Smith|314–26}}</ref><ref name= UNEP>[http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/stkilda.html "Protected Areas and World Heritage—St Kilda".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070705053252/http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/stkilda.html |date=2007-07-05 }} United Nations Environment Programme: World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Retrieved 18 March 2007.</ref><ref>{{Gaelic Placenames}}</ref> |Image=Saint Kilda 20090611 Hirta - Village Bay overview.jpg}} '''St Kilda''' ({{lang-gd|Hiort}}) is an isolatit [[airchipelago]] {{Convert|64|km}} wast-northwast o [[North Uist]] in the North Atlantic Ocean. {{Commonscat|St Kilda, Scotland}} ==References== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Saunt Kilda, Scotland}} [[Category:St Kilda, Scotland| ]] [[Category:Umwhile populatit places in Scotland]] [[Category:Airchipelagoes o Scotland]] [[Category:Lost ceeties an touns]] [[Category:Airchaeological steids in the Waster Isles]] [[Category:Naitional naitur reserves in Scotland]] [[Category:Naitional Scenic Auries in Scotland]] [[Category:National Trust for Scotland properties]] [[Category:Steids o Special Scienteefic Interest in Waster Isles Sooth]] [[Category:Special Auries o Conservation in Scotland]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Scotland]] [[Category:Volcanoes o Scotland]] [[Category:Paleogene volcanism]] [[Category:Extinct volcanoes]] [[Category:Important Bird Auries o Scotland]] [[Category:Pertectit auries o the Waster Isles]] [[Category:Umwhile biosphere reserves]] pri3o7hzk2f50z7jrlsufvpu4r9x7i2 0 131177 918416 880063 2026-06-20T01:16:53Z CommonsDelinker 411 Replacin' Schaffhausen-coat_of_arms.svg wi' [[File:CHE_Schaffhausen_(Stadt)_COA.svg]] (by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] coz: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR4|Criterion 4]] (harmonizing names of file set)). 918416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Swiss town |subject_name = Schaffhausen |image_photo = 1 schaffhausen 2012.jpg |municipality_name = Schaffhausen |municipality_type = Ceety |imagepath_coa = CHE Schaffhausen (Stadt) COA.svg |map = Karte Gemeinde Schaffhausen.png |languages = German |canton = Schaffhausen |iso-code-region = CH-SH |district = ''(Nane in canton o Schaffhausen)'' |coordinates = {{coord|47|42|N|8|38|E|display=inline,title}} |lat_NS=N|long_EW=E |postal_code = 8200 |municipality_code = 2939 |area = 31.00 |elevation = 403 |elevation_description= |population = 35,735 |populationof = September 2013 | popofyear = 2013 |website = www.stadt-schaffhausen.ch |mayor = Thomas Feurer | mayor_asof=February 2014 | mayor_party=ÖBS |mayor_title = Stadtpräsident |list_of_mayors = Leet o mayors o Schaffhausen |parliament_name = Grosser Stadtrat | parliament_number_of_members = 36 |executive_name = Stadtrat | executive_number_of_members = 5 |neighboring_municipalities= [[Beringen, Swisserland|Beringen]], [[Büsingen am Hochrhein]] ([[Germany|DE]]-[[Baden-Württemberg|BW]]), [[Büttenhardt]], [[Dörflingen]], [[Feuerthalen]] ([[canton o Zürich|ZH]]), [[Flurlingen]] (ZH), [[Hemmental]], [[Merishausen]], [[Neuhausen am Rheinfall]], [[Stetten, Schaffhausen|Stetten]], [[Thayngen]] |twintowns = [[Sindelfingen]] (Germany), [[Singen am Hohentwiel]] (Germany), [[Dobrich]] (Bulgarir) }} {{Infobox Former Country |native_name = ''Reichsstadt Schaffhausen'' |conventional_long_name = Imperial Ceety o Schaffhausen |common_name = Schaffhausen | |continent = Europe |region = Alps |country = Swisserland |era = Middle Ages |status = Ceety-state |empire = Haly Roman Empire |government_type = Republic | |year_start = 1218 |year_end = 1501 |life_span = 1190 or 1218–1330<br>1415–1501 | |event_start = Gained ''[[Reichsfrei]]heit'' |date_start = betw 1190 an |event1 = Pledged tae [[Hoose o Habsburg|Habsburgs]] |date_event1 = 1330 |event2 = Boucht unthirldom |date_event2 = 1415 |event3 = [[Auld Swiss Confederacy#Associates|Associate member]] o<br>{{spaces|4}}[[Auld Swiss Confederacy|Swiss Confederacy]] |date_event3 = &nbsp;<br>1454 |event_end = Jyned [[Auld Swiss Confederacy|Swisserland]] |date_end = <!--- Optional: Date of disestablishment ---> |event_post = [[Peace o Westphalie|Swiss unthirldom<br>{{spaces|4}}recognised]] |date_post = &nbsp;<br>1648 | |p1 = Aw Saunts' Abbey (Swisserland) |image_p1 = [[File:CHE Schaffhausen (Stadt) COA.svg|20px|Imperial Abbey o Aw Saunts in Schaffhausen]] |s1 = Canton o Schaffhausen |image_s1 = [[File:Schaffhouse-coat of arms.svg|20px|Canton o Schaffhausen]] | |capital = <nowiki>Schaffhausen</nowiki> | |footnotes = <!--- Accepts wikilinks ---> }} {{Infobox Former Country |native_name = ''Reichskloster Allerheiligen, Schaffhausen'' |conventional_long_name = Imperial Abbey o Aw Saunts in Schaffhausen |common_name = Schaffhausen Abbey | |continent = Europe |region = Alps |country = Swisserland |era = Middle Ages |status = Abbey |empire = Haly Roman Empire |government_type = Principality | |year_start = 1080 |year_end = 1529 | |event_pre = Consecratit ([[Pape Leo IX|Leo IX]]) |date_pre = 22 November 1049 |event_start = [[Pape Gregory VII|Papal]] grant o<br>{{spaces|4}}[[Landgraviate o Nellenburg|Nellenburg launds]] |date_start = &nbsp; |event1 = Gained Hiltensweiler<br>{{spaces|4}}launds |date_event1 = &nbsp;<br>1122–1389 |event2 = Ceety became<br>{{spaces|4}}[[Auld Swiss Confederacy#Associates|Swiss Associate]] |date_event2 = &nbsp;<br>1454 |event3 = Ceety jyned [[Auld Swiss Confederacy|Swiss.]] |date_event3 = 1501 |event4 = Convertit tae<br>{{spaces|4}}monastery an<br>{{spaces|4}}cathedral kirk |date_event4 = &nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<br>1524 |event_end = Disestablished in<br>{{spaces|4}}[[Protestant Reformation|Reformation]] |date_end = &nbsp; | |p1 = Landgraviate o Nellenburg |image_p1 = [[File:Wappen Nellenburg.svg|20px|Landgraviate of Nellenburg]] |s1 = Canton of Schaffhausen |image_s1 = [[File:Schaffhouse-coat of arms.svg|20px|Canton of Schaffhausen]] | |capital = <nowiki>Schaffhausen</nowiki> | |footnotes = <!--- Accepts wikilinks ---> }} '''Schaffhausen''' ({{IPA-de|ʃaːfˈhauzən|lang|De-Schaffhausen.ogg}}; {{lang-gsw|Schafuuse}}; {{lang-fr|Schaffhouse}}; {{lang-it|Sciaffusa}}; {{lang-rm|Schaffusa}}) is a ceety in northren [[Swisserland]] an the caipital o the [[canton o Schaffhausen|canton o the same name]]; it haes an estimatit population o 34,587 {{as of|2008| Dec|lc=on}}.<ref>{{cite web | last = Bundesamt fur Statistik (Federal Department of Statistics) | title = Bilanz der ständigen Wohnbevölkerung (Total) nach Bezirken und Gemeinden | year = 2008 | url = http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/02/blank/key/raeumliche_verteilung/kantone__gemeinden.html | accessdate = November 5, 2008 |language=de}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Schaffhausen| ]] [[Category:Cantonal caipitals o Swisserland]] [[Category:Ceeties in Swisserland]] [[Category:Populatit places on the Rhine]] [[Category:Municipalities o the canton o Schaffhausen]] [[Category:1330 disestablishments]] [[Category:States an territories established in the 1410s]] [[Category:1415 establishments]] [[Category:Cultural property o naitional signeeficance in the canton o Schaffhausen]] [[Category:1501 establishments in the Auld Swiss Confederacy]] hgw8ygcl57wwz2of17k25kgy2aj9ilg 0 135924 918332 865296 2026-06-19T12:37:19Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918332 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Katawa Shoujo''''' (<span class="t_nihongo_kanji" lang="ja">かたわ少女</span><span class="t_nihongo_comma" style="display:none">,</span> ''Katawa Shōjo''<sup class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color: #00e; font: bold 80% sans-serif; text-decoration: none; padding: 0 .1em;">?</span></sup>, lit. "Cripple Lassies", owersett "Disabeelity Lassies") is a bishōjo-style visual novel bi Four Leaf Studios that tells a story o a young mannie an five young lasses bidin wi varyin disabilities. The gemme uises a tradeetional text an sprite-based visual novel model wi an ADV-style text box rinnin on the Ren'Py visual novel ingine. The gemme is licensed uner the Creative Commons [[Creative Commons license|CC-BY-NC-ND]].<ref><cite class="citation book" contenteditable="false">''Katawa Shoujo Act 1 Manual''. </cite></ref> The majority o the story taks place at the fictional Yamaku High School for disabled bairns, locatit in an unnamed ceety somewhaur in modren, [[Tōhoku region|northren Japan]].<ref name="blogspot1">[http://katawashoujo.blogspot.com/2009/09/behind-name.html Katawa Shoujo Dev Blog: Behind the Name] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160415051408/http://katawashoujo.blogspot.de/2009/09/behind-name.html Archive])</ref> Hisao Nakai, an able-bodied lad, haes his life chynged whan a lang-dormant cardiac arrhythmia forces him tae transfer tae a new schuil efter a lang hospitalisation. In maugre o his difficulties, Hisao haes the opportunity tae find freends an luve. == References == {{Reflist|2}} [[Category:Visual novelles]] [[Category:Disabeelity]] [[Category:Bishojo]] serq2os1g3irsmx1913owjlotq7h587 0 136272 918422 885759 2026-06-20T03:49:28Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918422 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Gracie-rhs2005.jpg|thumb|A [[Hieland Pownie]], demonstratin the pownie chairacteristics o sturdy bane, thick mane an tail, smaw heid, an smaw oweraw size.]] A '''Pownie''' is word that can refer tae ony [[horse]]<ref>[http://dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/pownie_n1 Pownie on DSL]</ref> or, mair aften tae ridin horse or wee horse<ref>{{cite book|last=Macdonald|first=A.M. (ed.)|title=Chambers Twentieth Century Dictionary|year=1972|publisher=Chambers}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=n.a.|title=Oxford American Dictionaries (computer application)|year=2005|publisher=Apple Computer}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Woolf|first=Henry (ed.)|title=Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary|year=1980|publisher=Merriam|location=Springfield MA|isbn=0-87779-398-0}}</ref> (''[[Equus (genus)|Equus]] ferus caballus''). Dependin on context, a pownie mey be a horse that is unner an approximate or exact hicht at the [[withers]] or a smaw horse wi a speceefic [[Equine conformation|conformation]] an temperament. Thare are miny different [[leet o horse breeds|breeds]]. Compared tae ither horse, pownies eften exhibit thicker [[Mane (horse)|manes]], tails an oweraw coat, as weel as proportionally shorter legs, wider baurels, hivier bane, thicker necks, an shorter heids wi braider foreheids. The wird ''pownie'' derives frae the auld French ''poulenet'', meanin [[foal]], a young, immatur horse, but this is nae the modren meanin; unlik a horse foal, a pownie remeens smaw whan fully grown. Houiver, on occasion, fowk who are unfameeliar wi horse mey confuise an adult pownie wi a foal. The auncestors o maist modren pownies developed smaw statur acause thay leeved on the mairgins o leevable horse habitat. Thir smawer ainimals war [[domestication o the horse|domesticatit]] an bred for various purposes aw ower the [[Northren Hemisphere]]. Pownies war historically uised for drivin an fraucht transport, as childer's munts, for recreational ridin, an later as competitors an performers in thair awn richt. In the [[Industrial Revolution]], particularly in [[Great Breetain]], a signeeficant nummer war uised as [[pit pownie]]s, haulin laids o coal in the mines. Pownies are generally conseedert intelligent an friendly, awtho whiles thay an aw are descrived as stubborn or cunnin. Properly trained pownies are appropriate munts for childer that are learnin tae ride. Lairger pownies can be ridden bi adults, as pownies are uisually strang for their size. In modren uise, mony organisations define a pownie as a matur horse that meisurs less nor {{hands|14.2}} at the [[withers]], but thare are a nummer o exceptions. Different organisations that uise a strict meisurment model vary frae {{hands|14}} tae nearly {{hands|14.3}}. Mony breeds clessifee an ainimal as aither horse or pownie based on [[Purebred|pedigree]] an [[phenoteep]], na maiter its hicht. Some full-sized horse mey be cried pownies for various raisons o tradeetion or as a term o endearment. ==Horse an pownies== [[File:SackOTatersPony.jpg|thumb|150px|A pownie [[foal]]. Thir are smawer than horse foals, but baith hae lang legs an smaw bodies.]] For mony forms o competition, the offeecial defineetion o a pownie is a [[horse]] that meisurs less nor {{hands|14.2}} at the [[withers]]. Horse are 14.2 or tawer. The [[Internaitional Federation for Equestrian Sports]] defines the offeecial cutaff pynt at {{convert|148|cm|in|2}} (juist ower 14.2 h) withoot shaes an {{convert|149|cm|in|2}} (juist ower 14.2-1/2 h) wi shaes, tho allous a mairgin for competeetion meisurment o up tae {{convert|150|cm|in|1}} (14.3 h) withoot shaes, or {{convert|151|cm|in|2}} (juist unner 14.3-1/2 h) wi shaes.<ref>[http://www.fei.org/Disciplines/Youth/News/Info_Youth/Pages/20070130-1450.aspx "PONY MEASUREMENT 2007 30 January 2007 " Explanation of Article 3103.1, ''FInternational Federation for Equestrian Sport'' Wab steid, Accessed October 7, 2009] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726051917/http://www.fei.org/Disciplines/Youth/News/Info_Youth/Pages/20070130-1450.aspx |date=26 July 2011 }}</ref> Houiver, the term "pownie" can be uised in general (or affectionately) for ony smaw horse, regairdless o its actual size or breed. Fordermair, some horse breeds mey hae individuals that matur unner that hicht but are still cried "horse" an are alloued tae compete as horse. In Australie, horse that meisur frae 14 haunds tae 15 haunds are kent as a "[[Galloway pownie|galloway]]", an pownies in Australie meisure unner 14 haunds.<ref>Howlett, Lorna and Phlip Mathews, ''Ponies in Australia'', Milsons Point: 1979</ref> Fowk that are unfameeliar wi horse mey confuise an adult pownie wi a young, immatur horse. While [[foal]]s that weel grow up tae be horse-sized mey be na tawer than some pownies in thair first months of life, thair body proportions are verra different. A pownie can be ridden an put tae work, while a foal is too young tae be ridden or usied as a [[wirkin ainimal]]. Foals, whither thay growe up tae be horse or pownie-sized, can be distinguished frae adult horse bi thair extremely lang legs an slim bodies. Thair heids an een an aw exhibit [[Cuteness|juvenile chairacteristics]]. Fordermore, in maist cases, nursin foals weel be in verra close proximity tae a [[meir]] that is the mither (dam) o the foal. While pownies exhibit some [[neoteny]] wi the wide foreheids an smaw size, thair bouk proportions are seemilar tae that ofan adult horse. ==History== Pownies oreeginally developed as a [[landrace]] adaptit tae a hersh naitural environment, an war conseedert pairt o the "draft" subteep teepical o Northren Europe. At ane time, it wis heepothesised that thay mey hae descendit frae a wild "draucht" subspecies o ''Equus ferus.''<ref>{{Cite book|author= Bennett, Deb|title= Conquerors: The Roots of New World Horsemanship|url= https://archive.org/details/conquerorsrootso0000benn|edition= First|publisher= Amigo Publications, Inc.|location= Solvang, CA|year= 1998 |page=[https://archive.org/details/conquerorsrootso0000benn/page/7 7]|isbn=0-9658533-0-6 |oclc= 39709067}}</ref> Studies o mitochondrial DNA (that is passed on tho the female line) indicate that a lairge number o wild meirs hae contreibutit tae modren domestic breeds;<ref name="Jansen">{{cite journal|url=http://www.pnas.org/content/99/16/10905|title=Mitochondrial DNA and the origins of the domestic horse|first1=Thomas|last1=Jansen|first2=Peter|last2=Forster|first3=Marsha A.|last3=Levine|first4=Hardy|last4=Oelke|first5=Matthew|last5=Hurles|first6=Colin|last6=Renfrew|first7=Jürgen|last7=Weber|first8=Klaus|last8=Olek|date=6 August 2002|publisher=|journal=PNAS|volume=99|issue=16|pages=10905–10910|via=www.pnas.org|doi=10.1073/pnas.152330099|pmid=12130666|pmc=125071}}</ref><ref name="Vila">[http://www.pottoka.info/files/documentos/1225197904_1.pdf Widespread Origins of Domestic Horse Lineages] Carles Vilà, et al. ''Science'' 291, 474 (2001); {{doi|10.1126/science.291.5503.474}} {{PMID|11161199}}</ref> in contrast, studies o y-DNA (passed doin the male line) suggest that thare wis possibly juist ane single male auncestor o aw domesticated breeds.<ref name="Lindgren">[http://www.oeb.harvard.edu/faculty/edwards/people/postdocs/nbpapers/pdf0001.pdf Lindgren et al. Nature Genetics, Volume 36, Number 4, April 2004, p 335] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719205358/http://www.oeb.harvard.edu/faculty/edwards/people/postdocs/nbpapers/pdf0001.pdf |date=2011-07-19 }}</ref> [[Domestication o the horse]] probably first occurred in the Eurasie steppes wi horse o atween {{hands|13}} tae ower {{hands|14}},<ref name=Anthony/> an as horse domestication spreid, the male descendants o the oreeginal [[stallion]] went on tae be bred wi local wild meirs.<ref name="Lindgren"/><ref name=Anthony>{{cite book|author=Anthony, David W. |title=The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World|url=https://archive.org/details/horsewheellangua00davi |year=2007|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton, NJ|isbn=978-0-691-05887-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/horsewheellangua00davi/page/n107 196]–197, 202}}</ref> Domesticated pownies o aw breeds oreeginally developed mainly frae the need for a [[wirkin ainimal]] that coud fulfill speceefic local draucht an transportation needs while survivin in hairsh environments. The uisefuness o the pownie wis notit bi fermers that observed that a pownie coud ootperform a draucht horse on smaw ferms.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=66hMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA46&lpg=PA46&dq=pony+weight+pull&source=bl&ots=R_PiAY9hUP&sig=VECXfNSTIeKH1QcAVXZ1OoXduWs&hl=en&ei=XuiGTYC1HJSssAPv4b3-AQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBYQ6AEwADge#v=onepage&q=pony%20weight%20pull&f=false Smith, E.C.A. "The Pony Useful" ''Country Life in America'', volume 29. Doubleday, Page & Co., 1916 pp.46-47]</ref> Bi the 20t century, mony pownie breeds haed [[Arabie horse|Arabie]] an ither bluid addit tae make a mair refined pownie suitable for ridin.<ref>{{Cite book|author= Sponenberg, D. Phillip|chapter=The Proliferation of Horse Breeds|title= Horses Through Time|url= https://archive.org/details/horsesthroughtim00olse|edition= First|publisher= Roberts Rinehart Publishers|location= Boulder, CO |year= 1996 |isbn=1-57098-060-8 |oclc= 36179575|pages=[https://archive.org/details/horsesthroughtim00olse/page/155 155], 170–173}}</ref> ==Uises== [[File:Horse riding in coca cola arena - melbourne show 2005.jpg|thumb|left|An [[Australie pownie]] shawn unner saidle]] Pownies are seen in many different [[equestrianism|equestrian]] pursuits. Some breeds, such as the [[Hackney pownie]], are primarily uised for [[drivin (horse)|drivin]], while ither breeds, sic as the [[Connemara pownie]] and [[Australie Pownie]], are used primarily for [[equestrianism|riding]]. Others, such as the [[Welsh pownie]], are used for both ridin an drivin. [[File:Shetland Pony in Harness and Cart.gif|thumb|A [[Shetland pownie]] shawn in [[Drivin (horse)|harnish]]]] Thare is na direct correlation atween a horse's size an its inherent athletic abeelity.<ref>Barakat, Christine. "Why Size Matters." ''Equus,'' October 2007, Issue 361, pp. 36-42</ref> Pownies compete at events that include [[shaw hunter]], [[Inglis ridin]] on the flat, [[drivin (horse)|drivin]], an [[wastren ridin]] clesses at [[horse shaw]]s, as weel as ither competitive events such as [[Gymkhana (Equestrian)|gymkhana]] an [[combined drivin]]. They are seen in casual pursuits such as [[trail ridin]], but a few pownies hae performed in internaitional-level competeetion. Tho mony exhibitors confine themsels tae clesses juist for pownies, some tap pownies are competitive against full-sized horse. For example, a 14.1 [[haund (unit)|haund]] pownie named [[Stroller (horse)|Stroller]] wis a member o the Breetish Equestrian [[shaw jimpin]] team, an wan the siller medal at the [[1968 Simmer Olympics]]. Mair recently, the 14.1-3/4 haund pownie [[Theodore O'Connor]] wan the gowd medal in [[eventin]] at the 2007 [[Pan American Gemmes]]. [[Pony Club]]s, appen tae young fowk that awn aither horse or pownies, are formed warldwide tae eddicate young fowk aboot horse, promote responsible horse awnership, an an aw sponsor competitive events for young fowk an smawer horse. In mony pairts o the warld pownies are an aw still uised as [[wirkin ainimal]]s, as [[packhorse|pack ainimals]] an for pullin various [[horse-drawn vehicle]]s. Thay are uised for childer's pownie rides at [[traivelin carnival]]s an at childer's preevat paorties whaur smaw childer can tak short rides on pownies that are saidled an then aither led individually or hitched tae a "pownie wheel" (a non-motorised device akin tae a [[het walker]]) that leads sax tae aicht pownies at a time. Pownies are whiles seen at simmer camps for childer, an are widely uised for [[pownie trekkin]] an ither forms o [[Equitourism]] ridin halidays, eften cairyin adults as weel as childer. ==Chairactereestics== [[File:Shetlands in Belgium.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Shetland pownie]] is ane o the smawest pownie breeds, but is verra strang.]] Pownies are eften distinguished bi thair [[phenoteep]], a stocky bouk, dense bane, roond shape an weel-sprung ribs. Thay have a short heid, lairge een an smaw ears. In addeetion tae bein smawer nor a horse, thair legs are proportionately shorter. Thay hae strang [[horse huif|huifs]] an growe a hivier [[coat (ainimal)|hair coat]], seen in a thicker mane an tail as weel as a pairteecularly hivy winter coat.<ref name=Strickland/> Pownie [[leet o horse breeds|breeds]] hae developit aw ower the warld, pairteecularly in cauld an hersh climates where hardy, sturdy [[working animal]]s were needed. They are remerkably strang for their size. Breeds sic as the [[Connemara pownie]], are recognised for their ability to carry a full-sized adult rider. Poond for poond pownies can pull an cairy mair wecht nor a horse.<ref name=Strickland/> Draucht-teep pownies are able tae pull laids signeeficantly greater nor thair awn weight, wi lairger pownies capable o pullin laids comparable tae thae pulled bi full-sized [[draucht horse]], an even verra smaw pownies able tae pull as muckle as 450 percent o thair awn wcht.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.columbiamissourian.com/stories/2010/07/27/boone-county-fair-pony-pull/ |title=McNeill, Erin. "Ponies at Boone County Fair pull their weight and then some" Missourian, July 27, 2010 |access-date=2018-09-02 |archive-date=2012-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324145843/http://www.columbiamissourian.com/stories/2010/07/27/boone-county-fair-pony-pull/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nearly aw pownie breeds are verra haurdy, [[easy keeper]]s that share the abeelity tae thrive on a mair leemitit diet than that o a regular-sized horse, requirin hauf the [[hey]] for their wecht as a horse, an eften nae needin grain at aw. Houiver, for the same raison, thay are an aw mair vulnerable to [[laminitis]] an [[Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction|Cushing's syndrome]]. Thay mey an aw hae problems wi [[hyperlipemia]].<ref name=Strickland/> Pownies are generally conseedert intelligent an friendly, tho whiles thay an aw are descrived as stubborn or cunnin.<ref name=Strickland>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehorse.com/articles/12649/pony-power|title=Pony Power!|publisher=}}</ref> The differences o opeenion eften result frae an individual pownie's degree o proper trainin. Pownies [[horse trainin|trained]] bi inexperienced individuals, or anerly ridden bi beginners, can turn oot tae be spoiled acause thair riders teepically lack the experience base tae correct bad habits. Properly trained pownies are appropriate munts for childer that are learnin tae ride. Lairger pownies can be ridden bi adults, as pownies are uisually strang for thair size.<ref name=Strickland/> [[File:Connemara mare.jpg|thumb|The [[Connemara pownie]] is a lairger pownie that occasionally maturs ower 14.2 haunds.]] For shawin purposes, pownies are eften grouped intae smaw, medium, an lairge sizes. Smaw pownies are 12.2 [[haund (unit)|haunds]] ({{convert|50|in|cm}}) an unner, medium pownies are ower 12.2 but na tawer than 13.2 haunds ({{convert|54|in|cm}}), an lairge pownies are ower 13.2 haunds but na tawer nor 14.2 haunds. The smawest equines are cried [[miniatur horse]] bi many o thair breeders an breed organisations, raither nor pownies, even tho thay staund smawer than smaw pownies,<ref name=Strickland/> uisually na tawer nor {{convert|38|in|cm}} at the withers. Houiver, thare are an aw [[miniature pownie]] breeds. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{stub/Ainimal}} [[Category:Horse| ]] [[Category:Teeps o horse]] hbwjg5rn1s7l4z33pic9e3sg5lx6i8f 0 138251 918445 885344 2026-06-20T06:02:17Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918445 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = San Juan del Cesar |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = Flag of San Juan del Cesar.svg |image_shield = Coat of arms of san Juan del Cesar.png |image_map = Colombia - La Guajira - San Juan del Cesar.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location o the municipality an toun o San Juan del Cesar in La Guajira Depairtment. |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_type1 = [[Natural regions o Colombie|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name = [[Colombie]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Caribbean Region o Colombie|Caribbean]] |subdivision_name2 = [[La Guajira]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = Moises Daza Mendoza ([[Colombie Conservative Pairty|C]])<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.registraduria.gov.co/reselec2007_esc/1028/x.html |title=Colombian Registry of the Civil State: 2007 election results |access-date=2016-03-04 |archive-date=2021-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309190957/https://www.registraduria.gov.co/reselec2007_esc/1028/x.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |established_title = Foondation |established_date = 24 Juin 1701 bi Caiptain Salvador Felix Arias Pereira |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = 1415 |area_land_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2005 |population_note =<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.ocaribe.org/downloads/grupos/economia_competitividad/estudio_zif_guajira_venezuela.pdf |title={{es icon}} Observatorio del Caribe Colombiano: Grupo Regional de investigación en economía y competitividad en el Caribe colombiano by Weildler Guerra, Paola Quintero, Jorge Quintero and Ana María Maldonado |access-date=2016-03-04 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303181151/http://www.ocaribe.org/downloads/grupos/economia_competitividad/estudio_zif_guajira_venezuela.pdf |url-status=dead }} {{es icon}} Observatorio del Caribe Colombiano: Grupo Regional de investigación en economía y competitividad en el Caribe colombiano by Weildler Guerra, Paola Quintero, Jorge Quintero and Ana María Maldonado]</ref> |population_total = 25587 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |latitude = |longitude = |elevation_m = 250 |elevation_ft = |website = |footnotes = }} '''San Juan del Cesar''' is a municipality an toun locatit in the [[La Guajira]] Depairtment, [[Colombie]]. ==Etymologie== San Juan Bautista del Cesar name in {{lang-en|John the Baptist}} an ''Chet-tzar'' or ''Sasare'' indigenous leid for calm watter, the name o the [[Cesar River]]. ==History== The region San Juan del Cesar wis inhabitit bi [[Arhuacos]] [[Indigenous fowks in Colombie|indigenous tribe]], led during that time bi a [[Cacique]] namit "''Marocazo''". It wis foondit on 24 Juin 1701 bi Caiptain Salvador Felix Arias Pereira wi the name o Villa o San Juan Bautista, ower Munt Yiyirigak bi the [[Cesar River]]. Arias-Pereira wis in a mission to "pacifee" the indigenous tribes in rebellion; the Tupes, Coyaimas, Conopans an Marocazos.<ref name="sanjuandelcesar-laguajira.gov.co">[{{Cite web |url=http://sanjuandelcesar-laguajira.gov.co/apc-aa-files/36613366383038373634353838316266/PLAN_DE_DESARROLLO_2.004___2.007.pdf |title={{es icon}} San Juan del Cesar Territorial Development Plan: General Information |access-date=2016-03-04 |archive-date=2007-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027110501/http://sanjuandelcesar-laguajira.gov.co/apc-aa-files/36613366383038373634353838316266/PLAN_DE_DESARROLLO_2.004___2.007.pdf |url-status=dead }} {{es icon}} San Juan del Cesar Territorial Development Plan: General Information]</ref> The Villa o San Juan immediately became a pass for fowk travelin atween [[Valledupar]] an the port o [[Riohacha]], back then an important commercial route flowin wi cattle an agricultural products. The first kirk wis built bi [[Priest]] Gonzalo Suárez Oñate. ==Geografie== The municipality o San Juan del Cesar is locatit atween the muntain ranges o the [[Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta]] an the [[Serranía del Perijá]] bi the [[Cesar River]] an close tae the [[Ranchería River]]. It borders tae the north wi the municipality o [[Riohacha]] an [[Distracción, La Guajira|Distracción]], tae the sooth wi the municipalities o [[Villanueva, La Guajira|Villanueva]], [[El Molino, La Guajira|El Molino]] and the [[Cesar, Colombie|Cesar Depairtment]]. Tae the east wi [[Venezuela]], tae the wast again wi the municipality o Riohacha, [[Dibulla, La Guajira|Dibulla]] an Cesar Depairtment coverin a total aurie o 1,415&nbsp;km². The urban aurie o San Juan del Cesar kivers 10% o this aurie; 141&nbsp;km² an the landwart aurie 90%; 1,274&nbsp;km². ===Climate=== The average temperatur is 27°C year roond. ==Admeenistrative diveesions== ===Neebourheids=== The municipality seat o San Juan del Cesar haed in 2003 some 35 neebourheids; Villa Corelca, Gran Colombia, Manzanares, El Centro, La Floresta, San Rafael, Regional, La Victoria, Juan Bautista Forero, Loma Fresca, Manzanillo, Paraíso de Betel, La Esperanza, 16 de Julio, Norte Félix Arias, 20 de Julio, Buenos Aires, El Prado, Las Delicias, Alpes, Enrique Brito, El Carmen, San Francisco, Juan Antonio Araujo, Rafael de Armas, Las Tunas I y II, Chiquinquirá, Villa Hermosa, Manuel Antonio Dávila, San Juan Bautista, Chapinero, Los Ángeles an Los Olivos.<ref name="sanjuandelcesar-laguajira.gov.co"/> ===Corregimientos=== * Cañaverales * Caracolí * Corral de Piedras * El Totumo * Guayacanal * La Junta * La Peña * Los Haticos * Los Pondores * Villa del río ===Centros Poblados=== * Boca del Monte * Corralejas * Curazao * El Hatico de los Indios * El Tablazo * La Peña de los Indios * Lagunita * Los Cardones * El Placer * Los Pozos * La Sierrita * Pondorito * Potrerito * Zambrano ===Veredas=== * Boca del Monte * Copo de Nieve * Curazao * El Caney * El Capuchino * El Carmen * El Limón * El Machín * El Pital * El Placer * El Playón * El Voladorcito * Farias * La Loma del Potrero * Los Tamacos * Los Tunales * Piloncito * Sabana Grande * Sabanas de Joaquina * San Benito * Tocapalma * Torcuatopinto * Ulago ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{es icon}} [http://sanjuandelcesar-laguajira.gov.co/nuestraalcaldia.shtml?apc=I----&m=I&s=a San Juan del Cesar offeecial wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007165137/http://sanjuandelcesar-laguajira.gov.co/nuestraalcaldia.shtml?apc=I----&m=I&s=a |date=2007-10-07 }} {{Municipalities guajira depairtment}} {{Coord|10|46|N|73|00|W|region:CO_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}} {{DEFAULTSORT:San Juan Del Cesar}} [[Category:Municipalities o La Guajira]] [[Category:Populatit places in La Guajira]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1701]] [[Category:1701 establishments in the New Kinrick o Granada]] 3i45fyzguquoruycejl9bwb3iv1ini3 0 138255 918347 885750 2026-06-19T14:09:06Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918347 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |name = La Unión |settlement_type = Municipality<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |other_name = |native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline = La Union Salvador.JPG |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = Construction o the new port |image_flag = Bandera_del_Departamento_de_La_Union_ES.jpg |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = El Salvador<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_mapsize =300 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in El Salvador <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = [[Image:Flag of El Salvador.svg|25px]] [[El Salvador]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Depairtments o El Salvador|Depairtment]] |subdivision_name1 = [[La Unión Depairtment]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = Foondit |established_date = 1865 |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 144.43 |area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of = 2012 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 34045 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Ethnicities |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title = |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|13|20|13|N|87|50|38|W|region:SV|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = 5 |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''La Unión''' is a [[municipality]] in the [[La Unión Depairtment|La Unión]] [[Depairtments o El Salvador|depairtment]] o [[El Salvador]]. It is the caipital ceety o the Depairtment o its same name. It is the lairgest ceety in the depairtment wi a population o amaist 26,739 inhabitants. ==Freemit airtins== *[http://www.puertolaunion.gob.sv/ Puerto La Unión Offeecial Wabsteid]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180924/http://www.puertolaunion.gob.sv/ |date=2016-03-03 }} {{es icon}} {{La Unión Depairtment}} {{DEFAULTSORT:La Union, El Salvador}} [[Category:Populatit places in the La Unión Depairtment]] [[Category:Municipalities o the La Unión Depairtment]] [[Category:Port dounsets in Central Americae]] srb8r18u4njj2vqxw7awu0dsynn5ccs 0 140920 918447 916138 2026-06-20T06:09:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918447 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name =San Vicente Canton |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type =[[Cantons o Ecuador|Canton]] |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_map = Manabi in Ecuador.svg |mapsize = |map_caption = Location o Manabí Province in Ecuador. |image_map1 = San Vicente in Manabi (Ecuador).svg |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = San Vicente Canton o Manabí Province |pushpin_map = |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_mapsize= |pushpin_map_caption = |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name ={{flag|Ecuador}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces o Ecuador|Province]] |subdivision_name1 =[[Manabí Province]] |subdivision_type2 =Caipital |subdivision_name2 =[[San Vicente, Ecuador|San Vicente]] |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |population_as_of =2001 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |timezone = [[Ecuador Time|ECT]] |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|-0.5893|-80.4088|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''San Vicente Canton''' is a [[cantons o Ecuador|canton]] o [[Ecuador]]. It is the youngest canton in the [[Manabí Province]], haein been foondit on 16 November 1999 when it wis separatit frae Sucre Canton as a result o ceetizen procedurs. Its caipital is the urban pairish o [[San Vicente, Ecuador|San Vicente]], while [[Canoa]] is the anerly offeecially recognisit landwart pairish. Canoa is weel kent bi tourists an foreigners for its guid condeetions for surfin an paraglidin. Anither oceanside commonty, [[Boca de Briceño]], lees athin the canton an aw. Its population at the 2001 census wis 19,116. The canton's economy relies on agricultur, livestock, shrimp fermin, an tourism.<ref>[http://www.statoids.com/yec.html Cantons of Ecuador] at statoids.com</ref> ==Demographics== Ethnic groups as o the [[Ecuadorian census]] o 2010:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/resultados/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-04-14 |archive-date=2017-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724030253/http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/resultados/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Mestizo]] 82.2% *[[Afro-Ecuadorian]] 7.2% *Montubio 5.8% *[[White Laitin American|White]] 4.0% *[[Indigenous fowks in Ecuador|Indigenous]] 0.1% *Ither 0.7% ==References== {{reflist}} {{Cantons o Ecuador}} [[Category:Cantons o Manabí Province]] gh2bgz8h30x4l35vsye8yz6yt9cgc6z 0 162786 918355 917713 2026-06-19T14:34:50Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918355 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Population density of countries 2018 world map, people per sq km.svg|347px|thumb|Population density (fowk per km²) bi kintra in 2018]] This is a '''leet o [[kintra]]s an [[dependent territory|dependencies]] ranked bi human [[population density]]''' an meisurt bi the nummer o [[human]] indwallers per [[squerr kilometre]] or [[squerr mile]]. ==Leet== * The [[European Union]] is a ''[[sui generis]]'' supranaitional union possessin "kintra-lik" chairacteristics. The entity is componed o 28 member kintras. Its population density haes been estimatit at 116 fowk per km², an it would be ranked 95t if it were included in the leet. (population: 506,913,394 on Januar 1, 2014,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&language=en&pcode=tps00001&tableSelection=1&footnotes=yes&labeling=labels&plugin=1|title=Eurostat-Tables,Graphs and Maps Interface（TGM）table|publisher=[[European Commission]]|accessdate=9 March 2015}}</ref> area: 4,324,782&nbsp;km²). ''See an aa: [[Leet o regional organisations bi population]]''. *The maist densely populatit sovereign naition is [[Monaco]], wi a population density o 18,713 fowk/km². * Aurie includes laund an watter. {|class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:right" |+ !Pos.!!Kintra (or dependent territory)!!Aurie (km²)!!Aurie (mi²)!!Population!!Density<br>(pop./km²)!!Density<br>(pop./mi²)!!Date!! class="unsortable" | Population soorce |- ||| align="left" |{{noflag}}'''[[Population density#Human population density|Warld]]''' (laund anly, excludin [[Antarcticae]]) |{{convert|134940000|km2|disp=table}} |{{formatnum:{{worldpop}}}} |{{convert|{{#expr: {{worldpop}}/134940000 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov/popclock/ USCB's warld population clock] |- ||| align="left" |{{noflag}}'''[[Population density#Human population density|Warld]]''' (laund anly) |{{convert|148940000|km2|disp=table}} |{{formatnum:{{worldpop}}}} |{{convert|{{#expr: {{worldpop}}/148940000 round 0 }}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov/popclock/ USCB's Warld population clock] |- ||| align="left" |{{noflag}}'''[[Population density#Human population density|Warld]]''' (wi watter) |{{convert|510072000|km2|disp=table}} |{{formatnum:{{worldpop}}}} |{{convert|{{#expr: {{worldpop}}/510072000 round 0 }}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov/popclock/ USCB's Warld population clock] |- |1 | align="left" |''{{MAC}}'' ([[Cheenae]])<ref>Current [[Special Admeenistrative Region]] (SAR) o the [[Cheenae|Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]] (PRC). Umwhile [[Portugal|Portuguese]] colony.</ref> |{{convert|30.5|km2|0|disp=table}} |647,700 |{{convert|{{#expr: 647700/30.5 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |September 30, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.dsec.gov.mo/TimeSeriesDatabase.aspx?KeyIndicatorID=12 Offeecial quarterly estimate] |- |2 | align="left" |{{MCO}} |{{convert|2.02|km2|2|disp=table}} |38,400 |{{convert|{{#expr: 38400/2.02 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.imsee.mc/Population-et-emploi Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121128001937/http://www.imsee.mc/Population-et-emploi |date=2012-11-28 }} |- |3 | align="left" |{{SIN}} |{{convert|719.2|km2|0|disp=table}} |5,607,300 |{{convert|{{#expr: 5607300/719.2 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.singstat.gov.sg/statistics/latest-data#16 Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129094649/http://www.singstat.gov.sg/statistics/latest-data#16 |date=2015-11-29 }} |- |4 | align="left" |''{{HKG}}'' ([[China]]) |{{convert|1,105.7|km2|0|disp=table}} |7,346,700 |{{convert|{{#expr: 7346700/1105.7 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hkstat/sub/so20.jsp Offeecial estimate] |- |5 | align="left" |''{{GIB}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]])<ref>Territory claimed bi [[Spain]].</ref> |{{convert|6.8|km2|1|disp=table}} |33,140 |{{convert|{{#expr: 33140/6.8 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |March 7, 2017 | align="left" |[https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/HMGoG_Documents/Abstract%202014.pdf Offeecial estimate] |- |6 | align="left" |{{BHR}} |{{convert|757|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,472,483 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1472483/757 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |March 21, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.cio.gov.bh/CIO_ARA/English/Publications/Census/2011%2009%2018%20Final%20English%20Census%202010%20Summary%20%20Results%20-%20Review%201.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230515/http://www.cio.gov.bh/CIO_ARA/English/Publications/Census/2011%2009%2018%20Final%20English%20Census%202010%20Summary%20%20Results%20-%20Review%201.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |7 | align="left" |{{VAT}} |{{convert|0.44|km2|2|disp=table}} |800 |{{convert|{{#expr: 800/0.44 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2012 | align="left" |[http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/vaticanstate/es/stato-e-governo/note-generali/popolazione.html Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031317/http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/vaticanstate/es/stato-e-governo/note-generali/popolazione.html |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |8 | align="left" |{{MLT}} |{{convert|315|km2|0|disp=table}} |426,149 |{{convert|{{#expr: 426149/315 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |March 21, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.nso.gov.mt/statdoc/document_file.aspx?id=3424 Preliminary 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113194522/http://www.nso.gov.mt/statdoc/document_file.aspx?id=3424 |date=2013-11-13 }} |- |9 | align="left" |''{{BER}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|52|km2|0|disp=table}} |66,449 |{{convert|{{#expr: 66449/52 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |March 21, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.gov.bm/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_2_980_227_1014_43/http%3B/ptpublisher.gov.bm%3B7087/publishedcontent/publish/cabinet_office/statistics/dept___statistics___additonal_files/2012_facts___figures_0.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520190010/http://www.gov.bm/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_2_980_227_1014_43/http%3B/ptpublisher.gov.bm%3B7087/publishedcontent/publish/cabinet_office/statistics/dept___statistics___additonal_files/2012_facts___figures_0.pdf |date=2013-05-20 }} |- |10 |{{data Bangladesh|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.bbs.gov.bd/Home.aspx Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904045106/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/Home.aspx |date=2011-09-04 }} |- |11 | align="left" |''{{SXM}}'' ([[Kinrick o the Netherlands]]) |{{convert|34|km2|0|disp=table}} |37,429 |{{convert|{{#expr: 37429/34 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/SintMaarten.html Offeecial estimate] |- |12 | align="left" |{{MDV}} |{{convert|298|km2|0|disp=table}} |317,280 |{{convert|{{#expr: 317280/298 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2010 | align="left" |[http://planning.gov.mv/en/images/stories/publications/analysiscd/pdf/13.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224031/http://planning.gov.mv/en/images/stories/publications/analysiscd/pdf/13.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }} |- |13 | align="left" |''{{JEY}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|116|km2|0|disp=table}} |97,857 |{{convert|{{#expr: 97857/116 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |March 27, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.gov.je/SiteCollectionDocuments/Government%20and%20administration/R%20CensusBulletin1%2020111208%20SU.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918003705/http://www.gov.je/SiteCollectionDocuments/Government%20and%20administration/R%20CensusBulletin1%2020111208%20SU.pdf |date=2012-09-18 }} |- |14 | align="left" |''{{GGY}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|78|km2|0|disp=table}} |62,431 |{{convert|{{#expr: 62431/78 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |March 31, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.gov.gg/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=5506&p=0 Offeecial estimate] |- |15 | align="left" |''{{flag|Palestinian National Authority|name=Palestinian Territories}}''<ref>Borders an aurie o Palestinian-admeenistert territories are pendin ootcome o negotiations wi [[Israel]].</ref> |{{convert|6,020|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,550,368 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4550368/6020 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2014 | align="left" |[http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/site/881/default.aspx#Population Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610214618/http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/site/881/default.aspx#Population |date=2015-06-10 }} |- |16 | align="left" |''{{MAF}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|54|km2|0|disp=table}} |36,979 |{{convert|{{#expr: 36979/54 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-departements.asp?annee=2010 Offeecial estimate] |- |17 | align="left" |{{TWN}} ([[Republic o Cheenae|ROC]])<ref>[[Poleetical status o Taiwan|Pairtially recognised state]], claimed bi the [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]] as ane o its [[Provinces o Cheenae|provinces]].</ref> |{{convert|36,197|km2|0|disp=table}} |23,526,295 |{{convert|{{#expr: 23526295/36197 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 31, 2016 | align="left" |[http://eng.stat.gov.tw/point.asp?index=9 Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704022127/http://eng.stat.gov.tw/point.asp?index=9 |date=2014-07-04 }} |- |18 | align="left" |{{BRB}} |{{convert|430|km2|0|disp=table}} |274,200 |{{convert|{{#expr: 274200/430 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Barbados.html Offeecial estimate] |- |19 | align="left" |{{MRI}} |{{convert|2,040|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,262,879 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1262879/2040 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2015 | align="left" |[http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/StatsbySubj/Pages/Population-Stats-Jan-Jun2015.aspx Offeecial estimate] |- |20 | align="left" |{{LBN}} |{{convert|10,452|km2|0|disp=table}} |5,988,153 |{{convert|{{#expr: 5988153/10201 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2014 | align="left" |UN projection |- |21 | align="left" |''{{MYT}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|374|km2|0|disp=table}} |212,600 |{{convert|{{#expr: 212600/374 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 21, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/document.asp?ref_id=19214&reg_id=27 2012 census result] |- |22 | align="left" |{{SMR}} |{{convert|61|km2|0|disp=table}} |33,028 |{{convert|{{#expr: 33028/61 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 31, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.statistica.sm/on-line/home/dati-statistici/popolazione.html# Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121228151338/http://www.statistica.sm/on-line/home/dati-statistici/popolazione.html |date=2012-12-28 }} |- |23 | align="left" |''{{ARU}}'' ([[Kinrick o the Netherlands]]) |{{convert|193|km2|0|disp=table}} |101,484 |{{convert|{{#expr: 101484/193 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |September 29, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.cbs.aw/cbs/readBlob.do?id=4199 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113151207/http://www.cbs.aw/cbs/readBlob.do?id=4199 |date=2012-11-13 }} |- |24 | align="left" |{{KOR}} |{{convert|100,210|km2|0|disp=table}} |50,801,405 |{{convert|{{#expr: 50801405/100210 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://kosis.kr/nsportalStats/nsportalStats_0102Body.jsp?menuId=1&NUM=1 Annual official estimate] |- |25 | align="left" |{{NRU}} |{{convert|21|km2|0|disp=table}} |10,084 |{{convert|{{#expr: 10084/21 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 30, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Nauru.html 2011 census result] |- |26 | align="left" |{{RWA}} |{{convert|25,314|km2|0|disp=table}} |11,882,766 |{{convert|{{#expr: 11882766/25314 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2015 | align="left" |[http://statistics.gov.rw/ Annual official estimate] |- |27 | align="left" |{{TUV}} |{{convert|26|km2|0|disp=table}} |11,323 |{{convert|{{#expr: 11323/26 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- |28 | align="left" |''{{BLM}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|21|km2|0|disp=table}} |8,938 |{{convert|{{#expr: 8938/21 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-departements.asp?annee=2010 Offeecial estimate] |- |29 | align="left" |{{COM}} |{{convert|1,861|km2|0|disp=table}} |784,745 |{{convert|{{#expr: 784745/1861 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2015 | align="left" |[http://comoros.africadata.org/fr/DataAnalysis Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111213747/http://comoros.africadata.org/fr/DataAnalysis |date=2016-01-11 }} |- |30 | align="left" |{{BDI}} |{{convert|27,816|km2|0|disp=table}} |11,552,561 |{{convert|{{#expr: 11552561/27816 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.isteebu.bi/images/rapports/projection%20de%20la%20population%20bdi%202008-2030.pdf Offeecial annual projection] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403071528/http://www.isteebu.bi/images/rapports/projection%20de%20la%20population%20bdi%202008-2030.pdf |date=2019-04-03 }} |- |31 |{{data Netherlands|popdens}} | align="left" |[https://www.cbs.nl/en-gb/visualisaties/population-counter Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009222717/https://www.cbs.nl/en-gb/visualisaties/population-counter |date=2018-10-09 }} |- |32 | align="left" |{{HAI}} |{{convert|27,065|km2|0|disp=table}} |11,078,033 |{{convert|{{#expr: 11078033/27065 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.ihsi.ht/pdf/projection/ProjectionsPopulation_Haiti_2007.pdf Offeecial projection] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219001450/http://ihsi.ht/pdf/projection/ProjectionsPopulation_Haiti_2007.pdf |date=2015-02-19 }} |- |33 |{{data India|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final_PPT_2011_chapter3.pdf Population clock based on 2011 census] |- |34 |{{data Israel|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://cbs.gov.il/reader/?MIval=cw_usr_view_Folder&ID=141 Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915102003/http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/?MIval=cw_usr_view_Folder&ID=141 |date=2018-09-15 }}<ref>Calculatit based on average growth syne last census</ref> |- |35 | align="left" |''{{PRI}}'' ([[Unitit States|US]])<ref>Commonweel o the [[Unitit States]].</ref> |{{convert|8,868|km2|0|disp=table}} |3,411,307 |{{convert|{{#expr: 3411307/8868 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov/popest/data/index.html Offeecial estimate] |- |36 | align="left" |{{BEL}} |{{convert|30,528|km2|0|disp=table}} |11,353,461 |{{convert|{{#expr: 11353461/30528 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.ibz.rrn.fgov.be/fileadmin/user_upload/nl/bev/statistieken/stat-1-1_n.pdf Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111002452/http://www.ibz.rrn.fgov.be/fileadmin/user_upload/nl/bev/statistieken/stat-1-1_n.pdf |date=2014-11-11 }} |- |37 |{{data Philippines|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://rpo3.popcom.gov.ph/ Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915090120/http://rpo3.popcom.gov.ph/ |date=2015-09-15 }} |- |38 | align="left" |{{SRI}} |{{convert|65,610|km2|0|disp=table}} |22,480,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 22480000/65610 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.statistics.gov.lk/PopHouSat/VitalStatistics/MidYearPopulation/Mid-year%20population%20by%20age%20group.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117022357/http://www.statistics.gov.lk/PopHouSat/VitalStatistics/MidYearPopulation/Mid-year%20population%20by%20age%20group.pdf |date=2017-11-17 }} |- |39 | align="left" |''{{MTQ}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|1,128|km2|0|disp=table}} |385,551 |{{convert|{{#expr: 385551/1128 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-regions.asp Offeecial estimate] |- |40 | align="left" |''{{CUR}}'' ([[Kinrick o the Netherlands]]) |{{convert|444|km2|0|disp=table}} |150,563 |{{convert|{{#expr: 150563/444 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |March 26, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Curacao.html 2011 census result] |- |41 | align="left" |{{JPN}} |{{convert|377,944|km2|0|disp=table}} |126,860,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 126860000/377944 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2017 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/tsuki/index.htm Monthly official estimate] |- |42 | align="left" |''{{REU}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|2,512|km2|0|disp=table}} |821,136 |{{convert|{{#expr: 821136/2512 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-regions.asp Offeecial estimate] |- |43 | align="left" |{{MHL}} |{{convert|181|km2|0|disp=table}} |56,086 |{{convert|{{#expr: 56086/181 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- |44 | align="left" |''{{VIR}}'' ([[Unitit States|US]]) |{{convert|352|km2|0|disp=table}} |106,405 |{{convert|{{#expr: 106405/352 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn180.html Final 2010 census result] |- |45 | align="left" |{{SLV}} |{{convert|21,040|km2|0|disp=table}} |6,340,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 6340000/21040 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |46 | align="left" |{{GRD}} |{{convert|344|km2|0|disp=table}} |103,328 |{{convert|{{#expr: 103328/344 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 12, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.geohive.com/cntry/grenada.aspx 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614004809/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/grenada.aspx |date=2012-06-14 }} |- |47 | align="left" |''{{GUM}}'' ([[Unitit States|US]]) |{{convert|541|km2|0|disp=table}} |159,358 |{{convert|{{#expr: 159358/541 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn179.html Final 2010 census result] |- |48 | align="left" |''{{ASM}}'' ([[Unitit States|US]]) |{{convert|197|km2|0|disp=table}} |55,519 |{{convert|{{#expr: 55519/197 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn177.html Final 2010 census result] |- |49 | align="left" |{{VNM}} |{{convert|331,212|km2|0|disp=table}} |92,700,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 92700000/331212 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[https://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=622&ItemID=15862 Offeecial estimate] |- |50 | align="left" |{{LCA}} |{{convert|617|km2|0|disp=table}} |166,526 |{{convert|{{#expr: 166526/617 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 10, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.stats.gov.lc/StLuciaPreliminaryCensusReport2010.pdf Preliminary 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230512/http://www.stats.gov.lc/StLuciaPreliminaryCensusReport2010.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |51 | align="left" |{{GBR}} |{{convert|242,910|km2|0|disp=table}} |65,110,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 65110000/242910 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2015 | align="left" |[https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates Annual official estimate] |- |52 | align="left" |{{VCT}} |{{convert|389|km2|0|disp=table}} |100,892 |{{convert|{{#expr: 100892/389 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2009 | align="left" |[http://www.caricomstats.org/Files/Databases/Population/MP.htm Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602153647/http://www.caricomstats.org/Files/Databases/Population/MP.htm |date=2013-06-02 }} |- |53 | align="left" |{{TRI}} |{{convert|5,155|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,328,019 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1328019/5155 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 9, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.cso.gov.tt/sites/default/files/content/images/census/TRINIDAD%20AND%20TOBAGO%202011%20Demographic%20Report.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230527/http://www.cso.gov.tt/sites/default/files/content/images/census/TRINIDAD%20AND%20TOBAGO%202011%20Demographic%20Report.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |54 | align="left" |{{JAM}} |{{convert|10,991|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,723,246 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2723246/10991 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2014 | align="left" |[http://statinja.gov.jm/Demo_SocialStats/population.aspx Offeecial estimate] |- |55 | align="left" |''{{GLP}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|1,630|km2|0|disp=table}} |402,119 |{{convert|{{#expr: 402119/1630 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-regions.asp Offeecial estimate] |- |56 |{{data Pakistan|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov.pk Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225211657/http://www.census.gov.pk/%20 |date=2018-12-25 }} |- |57 | align="left" |{{LIE}} |{{convert|160|km2|0|disp=table}} |36,842 |{{convert|{{#expr: 36842/160 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.llv.li/amtsstellen/llv-as-bevoelkerung/llv-as-bevoelkerung-bevoelkerungsstatistik_per_31_dezember-vorlaeufig.htm Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331084716/http://www.llv.li/amtsstellen/llv-as-bevoelkerung/llv-as-bevoelkerung-bevoelkerungsstatistik_per_31_dezember-vorlaeufig.htm |date=2014-03-31 }} |- |58 | align="left" |{{GER}} |{{convert|357,168|km2|0|disp=table}} |82,175,700 |{{convert|{{#expr: 82175700/357168 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.statistik-portal.de/Statistik-Portal/en/en_zs01_bund.asp Quarterly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924110018/http://www.statistik-portal.de/Statistik-Portal/en/en_zs01_bund.asp |date=2015-09-24 }} |- |59 | align="left" |{{KWT}} |{{convert|17,818|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,007,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4007000/17818 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/ Offeecial estimate] |- |60 | align="left" |{{DOM}} |{{convert|47,875|km2|0|disp=table}} |10,528,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 10528000/47875 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2015 | align="left" |[http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/Key_Findings_WPP_2015.pdf UN Projection] |- |61 | align="left" |''{{CAY}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|259|km2|0|disp=table}} |55,456 |{{convert|{{#expr: 55456/259 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 10, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.eso.ky/pages.php?page=2010censusofpopulationandhousingfinalreport Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921135615/http://eso.ky/pages.php?page=2010censusofpopulationandhousingfinalreport |date=2013-09-21 }} |- |62 | align="left" |{{LUX}} |{{convert|2,586|km2|0|disp=table}} |537,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 537000/2586 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.statistiques.public.lu/stat/TableViewer/tableViewHTML.aspx?ReportId=383&IF_Language=fra&MainTheme=2&FldrName=1 Offeecial estimate]{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |63 | align="left" |{{SUI}} |{{convert|41,285|km2|0|disp=table}} |8,391,973 |{{convert|{{#expr: 8391973/41285 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |September 30, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/themen/01/02/blank/key/bevoelkerungsstand/01.html Quarterly provisional figure] |- |64 | align="left" |{{NGA}} |{{convert|923,768|km2|0|disp=table}} |186,988,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 186988000/923768 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |UN projection |- |65 | align="left" |{{ITA}} |{{convert|301,308|km2|0|disp=table}} |60,592,547 |{{convert|{{#expr: 60592547/301308 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 30, 2016 | align="left" |[http://demo.istat.it/bilmens2016gen/index.html Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216081210/http://demo.istat.it/bilmens2016gen/index.html |date=2018-12-16 }} |- |66 | align="left" |{{PRK}} |{{convert|120,540|km2|0|disp=table}} |24,213,510 |{{convert|{{#expr: 24213510/120540 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 1, 2014 | align="left" |[http://kp.one.un.org/content/dam/unct/dprk/docs/2014%20SDHS%20Report_E_final.pdf Preliminary 2014 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031214/http://kp.one.un.org/content/dam/unct/dprk/docs/2014%20SDHS%20Report_E_final.pdf |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |67 | align="left" |{{SEY}} |{{convert|455|km2|0|disp=table}} |93,144 |{{convert|{{#expr: 90945/455 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.nbs.gov.sc/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/End-2015-Population-Bulletin.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031704/http://www.nbs.gov.sc/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/End-2015-Population-Bulletin.pdf |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |68 | align="left" |''{{VGB}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|151|km2|0|disp=table}} |29,537 |{{convert|{{#expr: 29537/151 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2010 | align="left" |[http://www.dpu.gov.vg Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020525210259/http://www.dpu.gov.vg/ |date=2002-05-25 }} |- |69 | align="left" |{{ATG}} |{{convert|442|km2|0|disp=table}} |86,295 |{{convert|{{#expr: 86295/442 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 27, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Antigua.html Preliminary 2011 census result] |- |70 | align="left" |{{SKN}} |{{convert|270|km2|0|disp=table}} |51,970 |{{convert|{{#expr: 51970/270 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2009 | align="left" |[http://www.caricomstats.org/Files/Databases/Population/MP.htm Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602153647/http://www.caricomstats.org/Files/Databases/Population/MP.htm |date=2013-06-02 }} |- |71 | align="left" |{{STP}} |{{convert|1,001|km2|0|disp=table}} |187,356 |{{convert|{{#expr: 187356/1001 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 13, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/SaoTome.html 2012 census result] |- |72 | align="left" |{{NPL}} |{{convert|147,181|km2|0|disp=table}} |26,494,504 |{{convert|{{#expr: 26494504/147181 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 22, 2011 | align="left" |[http://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/Major-Finding.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130717170017/http://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/Major-Finding.pdf |date=2013-07-17 }} |- |73 | align="left" |{{QAT}} |{{convert|11,571|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,024,707 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2024707/11571 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 31, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.qsa.gov.qa/eng/PopulationStructure.htm Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130220032/http://www.qsa.gov.qa/eng/PopulationStructure.htm |date=2012-11-30 }} |- |74 | align="left" |{{GAM}} |{{convert|10,690|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,849,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1849000/10690 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |75 | align="left" |{{flag|Kosovo}}<ref>{{Kosovo-note}}</ref> |{{convert|10,910|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,815,606 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1815606/10910 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Kosovo-Cities.html Offeecial estimate] |- |76 | align="left" |{{AND}} |{{convert|464|km2|0|disp=table}} |76,246 |{{convert|{{#expr: 76246/464 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2012 | align="left" |[http://www.estadistica.ad/serveiestudis/web/banc_dades4.asp?tipus_grafic=&bGrafic=&formules=inici&any1=01/01/2000&any2=01/01/2012&codi_divisio=8&lang=1&codi_subtemes=8&codi_tema=2&chkseries= Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113143444/http://www.estadistica.ad/serveiestudis/web/banc_dades4.asp?tipus_grafic= |date=2017-11-13 }} |- |77 | align="left" |{{UGA}} |{{convert|241,551|km2|0|disp=table}} |36,860,700 |{{convert|{{#expr: 36860700/241551 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/statistical_abstracts/Statistical%20Abstract%202015.pdf Annual official estimate] |- |78 | align="left" |''{{IMN}}'' |{{convert|572|km2|0|disp=table}} |84,497 |{{convert|{{#expr: 84497/572 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |March 27, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/IsleOfMan.html 2011 census result] |- |79 | align="left" |{{KIR}} |{{convert|726|km2|0|disp=table}} |106,461 |{{convert|{{#expr: 106461/726 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- |80 | align="left" |{{CYP}} |{{convert|5,896|km2|0|disp=table}} |862,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 862000/5896 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/C6ECE5795EAC1ED8C2257AB70038FCD4?OpenDocument&sub=1&sel=1&e=&print Offeecial estimate] |- |81 | align="left" |{{TON}} |{{convert|720|km2|0|disp=table}} |104,270 |{{convert|{{#expr: 104270/720 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- |82 | align="left" |{{FSM}} |{{convert|701|km2|0|disp=table}} |101,351 |{{convert|{{#expr: 101351/701 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- |83 | align="left" |{{GUA}} |{{convert|108,889|km2|0|disp=table}} |15,806,675 |{{convert|{{#expr: 15806675/108889 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 30, 2014 | align="left" |[http://www.ine.gob.gt/index.php/estadisticas/tema-indicadores Annual Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314175005/http://www.ine.gob.gt/index.php/estadisticas/tema-indicadores |date=2014-03-14 }} |- |84 |{{data China|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://data.stats.gov.cn/ Offeecial population clock] |- |85 | align="left" |''{{TKL}}'' ([[New Zealand|NZ]]) |{{convert|10|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,411 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1411/10 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 18, 2011 | align="left" |[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Tokelau/report.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120815034343/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Tokelau/report.pdf |date=2012-08-15 }} |- |86 | align="left" |''{{AIA}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|96|km2|0|disp=table}} |13,452 |{{convert|{{#expr: 13452/96 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 11, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Anguilla.html Preliminary 2011 census result] |- |87 | align="left" |{{IDN}} |{{convert|1,904,569|km2|0|disp=table}} |260,581,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 260581000/1904569 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.bps.go.id/website/pdf_publikasi/watermark_Proyeksi%20Penduduk%20Indonesia%202010-2035.pdf Offeecial projection] |- |88 | align="left" |{{CZE}} |{{convert|78,867|km2|0|disp=table}} |10,564,866 |{{convert|{{#expr: 10564866/78867 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 30, 2016 | align="left" |[https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/population Quarterly official estimate] |- |89 | align="left" |{{DNK}} |{{convert|43,098|km2|0|disp=table}} |5,748,769 |{{convert|{{#expr: 5748769/43098 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2017 | align="left" |[http://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/befolkning-og-befolkningsfremskrivning/folketal.aspx Quarterly official estimate] |- |90 | align="left" |{{THA}} |{{convert|513,120|km2|0|disp=table}} |65,729,098 |{{convert|{{#expr: 65729098/513120 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat58.htm Offeecial estimate] |- |91 | align="left" |{{TOG}} |{{convert|56,600|km2|0|disp=table}} |7,143,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 7143000/56600 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.stat-togo.org/index.php/thematiques/statistiques-demographiques/32-thematiques/statistiques-demographiques/etat-structure/79-perspectives-demo Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908020603/http://www.stat-togo.org/index.php/thematiques/statistiques-demographiques/32-thematiques/statistiques-demographiques/etat-structure/79-perspectives-demo |date=2015-09-08 }} |- |92 | align="left" |{{POL}} |{{convert|312,685|km2|0|disp=table}} |38,439,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 38439000/312685 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 31, 2016 | align="left" |[http://stat.gov.pl/podstawowe-dane/ Offeecial estimate] |- |93 | align="left" |{{CPV}} |{{convert|4,033|km2|0|disp=table}} |491,875 |{{convert|{{#expr: 491875/4033 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 16, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.ine.cv/actualise/dadostat/files/7ba5fbd5-bf0a-4faf-a734-0495ba9f80f0evolução%20da%20população%20residente%20em%20cabo%20verde,%201900%20-2010.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003130545/http://www.ine.cv/actualise/dadostat/files/7ba5fbd5-bf0a-4faf-a734-0495ba9f80f0evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20da%20popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20residente%20em%20cabo%20verde%2C%201900%20-2010.pdf |date=2012-10-03 }} |- |94 | align="left" |{{MWI}} |{{convert|118,484|km2|0|disp=table}} |14,388,600 |{{convert|{{#expr: 14388600/118484 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Malawi.html Offeecial estimate] |- |95 | align="left" |{{GHA}} |{{convert|238,533|km2|0|disp=table}} |28,308,301 |{{convert|{{#expr: 28308301/238533 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 26, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/ Offeecial projection] |- |96 | align="left" |''{{MNP}}'' ([[Unitit States|US]]) |{{convert|457|km2|0|disp=table}} |53,883 |{{convert|{{#expr: 53883/457 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn178.html Final 2010 census result] |- |97 | align="left" |{{FRA}} |{{convert|543,965|km2|0|disp=table}} |66,821,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 64149000/543965 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.insee.fr/fr/bases-de-donnees/bsweb/serie.asp?idbank=001641607 Monthly official estimate] |- |98 | align="left" |{{UAE}} |{{convert|83,600|km2|0|disp=table}} |9,856,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 9856000/83600 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/01/weodata/index.aspx Offeecial estimate] |- |99 | align="left" |{{AZE}} |{{convert|86,600|km2|0|disp=table}} |9,755,500 |{{convert|{{#expr: 9755500/86600 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://stat.gov.az/news/?id=3311 Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031604/http://stat.gov.az/news/?id=3311 |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |100 | align="left" |{{PRT}} |{{convert|92,090|km2|0|disp=table}} |10,341,330 |{{convert|{{#expr: 10341330/92090 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpgid=ine_main&xpid=INE Offeecial estimate] |- |101 | align="left" |{{SVK}} |{{convert|49,036|km2|0|disp=table}} |5,426,252 |{{convert|{{#expr: 5426252/49036 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[http://portal.statistics.sk/showdoc.do?docid=68588 Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031417/http://portal.statistics.sk/showdoc.do?docid=68588 |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |102 |{{data Jordan|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.dos.gov.jo/dos_home_e/main/index.htm Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117225318/http://www.dos.gov.jo/dos_home_e/main/index.htm |date=2012-01-17 }} |- |103 | align="left" |{{HUN}} |{{convert|93,029|km2|0|disp=table}} |9,830,485 |{{convert|{{#expr: 9830485/93029 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.ksh.hu/docs/eng/xstadat/xstadat_annual/i_wnt001b.html Annual official estimate] |- |104 | align="left" |{{MDA}} |{{convert|33,843|km2|0|disp=table}} |3,553,100 |{{convert|{{#expr: 3553100/33843 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.statistica.md/category.php?l=ro&idc=103& Offeecial estimate] |- |105 | align="left" |{{AUT}} |{{convert|83,879|km2|0|disp=table}} |8,767,919 |{{convert|{{#expr: 8767919/83879 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/menschen_und_gesellschaft/bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsstand_und_veraenderung/bevoelkerung_zu_jahres-_quartalsanfang/023582.html Offeecial quarterly estimate] |- |106 | align="left" |{{CUB}} |{{convert|109,884|km2|0|disp=table}} |11,239,004 |{{convert|{{#expr: 11239004/109886 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.one.cu/aec2015/03%20Poblacion.pdf Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329125044/http://www.one.cu/aec2015/03%20Poblacion.pdf |date=2017-03-29 }} |- |107 | align="left" |{{TUR}} |{{convert|783,562|km2|0|disp=table}} |79,814,871 |{{convert|{{#expr: 79814871/783562 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/Start.do Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108091816/http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/Start.do |date=2017-11-08 }} |- |108 | align="left" |{{SVN}} |{{convert|20,273|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,064,241 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2064241/20273 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.si/StatWeb/en/field-overview?idp=17&headerbar=13 Offeecial quarterly estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031406/http://www.stat.si/StatWeb/en/field-overview?idp=17&headerbar=13 |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |109 | align="left" |{{ARM}} |{{convert|29,743|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,995,100 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2995100/29743 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 30, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.armstat.am/en/?nid=126&id=19001&submit=Search Offeecial estimate] |- |110 | align="left" |{{ALB}} |{{convert|28,703|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,886,026 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2886026/28703 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.instat.gov.al/en/publications/press-releases/press-release-population-of-albania-1-january-2016.aspx Offeecial annual estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421163002/http://instat.gov.al/en/publications/press-releases/press-release-population-of-albania-1-january-2016.aspx |date=2016-04-21 }} |- |111 | align="left" |{{SYR}} |{{convert|185,180|km2|0|disp=table}} |18,564,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 18564000/185180 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/ UN estimate] |- |112 | align="left" |{{SLE}} |{{convert|71,740|km2|0|disp=table}} |7,075,641 |{{convert|{{#expr: 7075641/71740 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 4, 2015 | align="left" |[https://www.statistics.sl/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/2015-Census-Provisional-Result.pdf Preliminary 2015 census result] |- |113 |{{data Malaysia|popdens}}<!-- Do not replace this with a manual calculation. Template:Data Malaysia, like other data templates do for other countries, is used to automatically calculate today's population based on official sources. If this country's population is not accurate, please update the data template, not this article. --> | align="left" |[http://www.statistics.gov.my Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611041219/http://www.statistics.gov.my/ |date=2008-06-11 }} |- |114 | align="left" |{{DMA}} |{{convert|739|km2|0|disp=table}} |71,293 |{{convert|{{#expr: 71293/739 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 14, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.dominica.gov.dm/cms/files/2011_census_report.pdf Preliminary 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608104411/http://www.dominica.gov.dm/cms/files/2011_census_report.pdf |date=2019-06-08 }} |- |115 | align="left" |{{ETH}} |{{convert|1,063,652|km2|0|disp=table}} |101,853,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 101853000/1063652 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/ UN projection] |- |116 | align="left" |{{CRI}} |{{convert|51,100|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,890,379 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4890379/51100 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 30, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.inec.go.cr/ Offeecial estimate] |- |117 | align="left" |{{BEN}} |{{convert|112,622|km2|0|disp=table}} |10,653,654 |{{convert|{{#expr: 10653654/112622 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.insae-bj.org/Migration.html?file=files/stats-demographiques/STATISTIQUES%20DEMOGRAPHIQUES.xlsx Offeecial projection] |- |118 | align="left" |{{TRNC}} |{{convert|3355|km2|0|disp=table}} |313,626 |{{convert|{{#expr: 313626/3355 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2014 | align="left" |[http://www.devplan.org/Ecosos/BOOK/SEG-2014.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108225108/http://www.devplan.org/Ecosos/BOOK/SEG-2014.pdf |date=2016-01-08 }} |- |119 |{{data Egypt|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.capmas.gov.eg Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230907025744/https://www.capmas.gov.eg/ |date=2023-09-07 }} |- |120 | align="left" |{{ESP}} |{{convert|505,990|km2|0|disp=table}} |46,438,422 |{{convert|{{#expr: 46438422/505990 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.ine.es/inebaseDYN/cp30321/cp_inicio.htm Offeecial estimate] |- |121 | align="left" |{{SRB}} |{{convert|77,474|km2|0|disp=table}} |7,076,372 |{{convert|{{#expr: 7076372/77474 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/Public/PageView.aspx?pKey=2 Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225081855/http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/Public/PageView.aspx?pKey=2 |date=2015-12-25 }} |- |122 | align="left" |{{KHM}} |{{convert|181,035|km2|0|disp=table}} |15,626,444 |{{convert|{{#expr: 15626444/181035 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.go.jp/info/meetings/cambodia/pdf/rp12_ch10.pdf Offeecial annual projection] |- |123 | align="left" |{{IRQ}} |{{convert|434,128|km2|0|disp=table}} |36,787,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 36787000/434128 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://cosit.gov.iq/en/rtl-support Annual official projection] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319085807/http://cosit.gov.iq/en/rtl-support |date=2017-03-19 }} |- |124 | align="left" |{{ROM}} |{{convert|238,391|km2|0|disp=table}} |19,760,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 19760000/238391 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.insse.ro/cms/sites/default/files/com_presa/com_pdf/poprez_ian2016e.pdf Offeecial annual estimate] |- |125 | align="left" |{{GRE}} |{{convert|131,957|km2|0|disp=table}} |10,858,018 |{{convert|{{#expr: 10858018/131957 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.statistics.gr/en/statistics/-/publication/SPO18/- Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110002613/http://www.statistics.gr/en/statistics/-/publication/SPO18/- |date=2021-01-10 }} |- |126 | align="left" |{{KEN}} |{{convert|581,834|km2|0|disp=table}} |47,251,449 |{{convert|{{#expr: 47251449/581834 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/ UN projection] |- |127 | align="left" |{{MKD}} |{{convert|25,713|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,071,278 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2071278/25713 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.gov.mk/OblastOpsto_en.aspx?id=2 Offeecial estimate] |- |128 | align="left" |{{MYA}} |{{convert|676,577|km2|0|disp=table}} |54,363,426 |{{convert|{{#expr: 54363426/676577 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |March 29, 2014 | align="left" |[http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/myanmar-census-shows-population-9-million-fewer-estimated-20140830 Preliminary 2014 census result] |- |129 | align="left" |{{HON}} |{{convert|112,492|km2|0|disp=table}} |8,721,014 |{{convert|{{#expr: 8721014/112492 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.ine.gob.hn/images/Productos%20ine/censo/Censo%202013/Proyecciones/Proyecciones%20Ine%202016.xlsx Offeecial projection] |- |130 |{{data Morocco|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.hcp.ma Offeecial population clock] |- |131 | align="left" |''{{PYF}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|3,521|km2|0|disp=table}} |268,270 |{{convert|{{#expr: 268270/3521 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 22, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.ispf.pf/Libraries/RP2012/Premiers_résultats_population_légale.sflb.ashx Preliminary 2012 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221193409/http://www.ispf.pf/Libraries/RP2012/Premiers_r%C3%A9sultats_population_l%C3%A9gale.sflb.ashx |date=2014-02-21 }} |- |132 | align="left" |{{SEN}} |{{convert|196,722|km2|0|disp=table}} |14,799,859 |{{convert|{{#expr: 14799859/196722 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2016 | align="left" |[http://www.ansd.sn/senegal_indicateurs.html Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117060113/http://www.ansd.sn/senegal_indicateurs.html |date=2012-01-17 }} |- |133 | align="left" |{{CRO}} |{{convert|56,542|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,190,669 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4190669/56542 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/system/first_results.htm#MIG Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705025245/http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/system/first_results.htm#MIG |date=2017-07-05 }} |- |134 | align="left" |{{UKR}}<ref>Excludes [[Crimea]]</ref> |{{convert|576,500 |km2|0|disp=table}} |42,642,434 |{{convert|{{#expr: 42642434/576500 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |September 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://database.ukrcensus.gov.ua/PXWEB2007/eng/news/op_popul_e.asp Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808023040/http://database.ukrcensus.gov.ua/PXWEB2007/eng/news/op_popul_e.asp |date=2016-08-08 }} |- |135 | align="left" |{{CIV}} |{{convert|322,921|km2|0|disp=table}} |23,202,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 23202000/322921 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2012 | align="left" |[http://www.ins.ci/n Offeecial estimate] |- |136 | align="left" |{{SWZ}} |{{convert|17,364|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,250,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1250000/17364 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |137 | align="left" |{{TLS}} |{{convert|14,919|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,066,409 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1066409/14919 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 11, 2010 | align="left" |[http://dne.mof.gov.tl Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120816060817/http://dne.mof.gov.tl/ |date=2012-08-16 }} |- |138 | align="left" |{{BIH}} |{{convert|51,209|km2|0|disp=table}} |3,531,159 |{{convert|{{#expr: 3531159/51209 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |September 30, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.popis2013.ba/popis2013/doc/Popis2013prvoIzdanje.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224103940/http://www.popis2013.ba/popis2013/doc/Popis2013prvoIzdanje.pdf |date=2017-12-24 }} |- |139 | align="left" |{{UZB}} |{{convert|444,103|km2|0|disp=table}} |30,492,800 |{{convert|{{#expr: 30492800/444103 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2014 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.uz/demographic Offeecial estimate]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214183713/http://www.stat.uz/demographic// |date=2014-12-14 }} |- |140 | align="left" |{{LES}} |{{convert|30,355|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,074,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2074000/30355 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |141 | align="left" |{{BRU}} |{{convert|5,765|km2|0|disp=table}} |393,162 |{{convert|{{#expr: 393162/5765 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 20, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.depd.gov.bn/projects/BPP/Preliminary%20Report%20of%20BPP%202011_updated_20Feb2012.pdf Preliminary 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010121333/http://www.depd.gov.bn/projects/BPP/Preliminary%20Report%20of%20BPP%202011_updated_20Feb2012.pdf |date=2012-10-10 }} |- |142 | align="left" |{{IRL}} |{{convert|70,273|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,757,976 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4757976/70273 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 24, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cpr/censusofpopulation2016-preliminaryresults/ Offeecial census figures] |- |143 | align="left" |{{SAM}} |{{convert|2,831|km2|0|disp=table}} |187,820 |{{convert|{{#expr: 187820/2831 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |November 7, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.sbs.gov.ws Final 2011 census result] |- |144 | align="left" |{{TUN}} |{{convert|163,610|km2|0|disp=table}} |10,777,500 |{{convert|{{#expr: 10777500/163610 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.ins.nat.tn/indexfr.php Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117075430/http://www.ins.nat.tn/indexfr.php |date=2020-11-17 }} |- |145 | align="left" |''{{BES}}'' ([[Netherlands]]) |{{convert|322|km2|0|disp=table}} |21,133 |{{convert|{{#expr: 21133/322 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/NedAntillen.html Offeecial estimate] |- |146 | align="left" |''{{NFK}}'' ([[Australia]]) |{{convert|35|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,302 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2302/35 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 9, 2011 | align="left" |[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Norfolk_Island/report.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200110/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Norfolk_Island/report.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }} |- |147 | align="left" |{{BFA}} |{{convert|270,764|km2|0|disp=table}} |17,322,796 |{{convert|{{#expr: 17322796/270764 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2013 | align="left" |[http://www.insd.bf/fr Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814084502/http://www.insd.bf/fr |date=2012-08-14 }} |- |148 | align="left" |{{ECU}} |{{convert|255,595|km2|0|disp=table}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: 150000+6.95*{{Age in days|2011|6|15}} round 0}}00}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (15000000+695*{{Age in days|2011|6|15}})/255595 round 0}}}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (15000000+695*{{Age in days|2011|6|15}})/98686 round 0}}}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} | align="left" |[http://www.inec.gob.ec/proyecciones_poblacionales/relojnew.swf Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121131641/http://www.inec.gob.ec/proyecciones_poblacionales/relojnew.swf |date=2013-01-21 }} |- |149 | align="left" |{{BUL}} |{{convert|111,002|km2|0|disp=table}} |7,153,784 |{{convert|{{#expr: 7153784/111002 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.nsi.bg/bg/node/14154] |- |150 | align="left" |''{{TCA}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|497|km2|0|disp=table}} |31,458 |{{convert|{{#expr: 31458/497 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 25, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/TurksCaicos.html 2012 census result] |- |151 | align="left" |''{{COK}}'' ([[New Zealand|NZ]]) |{{convert|237|km2|0|disp=table}} |14,974 |{{convert|{{#expr: 14974/237 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 1, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.mfem.gov.ck/docs/Stats/2012/Census/2011%20Cook%20Islands%20Population%20Census%20Report.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230514/http://www.mfem.gov.ck/docs/Stats/2012/Census/2011%20Cook%20Islands%20Population%20Census%20Report.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |152 | align="left" |{{MEX}} |{{convert|1,967,138|km2|0|disp=table}} |122,273,473 |{{convert|{{#expr: 122273473/1967138 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.conapo.gob.mx/work/models/CONAPO/Proyecciones/Datos/Bases_de_Datos/Indicadores_demograficos/CSV/baseindidemMX.csv Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205000208/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/work/models/CONAPO/Proyecciones/Datos/Bases_de_Datos/Indicadores_demograficos/CSV/baseindidemMX.csv |date=2017-12-05 }} |- |153 | align="left" |{{TAN}} |{{convert|883,749|km2|0|disp=table}} |55,155,473 |{{convert|{{#expr: 55155473/883749 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 26, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/PDF/Census%20General%20Report%20-%2029%20March%202013_Combined_Final%20for%20Printing.pdf 2012 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230453/http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/PDF/Census%20General%20Report%20-%2029%20March%202013_Combined_Final%20for%20Printing.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |154 | align="left" |{{TJK}} |{{convert|143,100|km2|0|disp=table}} |8,551,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 8551000/143100 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.tj/en Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306125630/http://www.stat.tj/en/ |date=2012-03-06 }} |- |155 | align="left" |{{GNQ}} |{{convert|28,051|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,622,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1622000/28051 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2010 | align="left" |[http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/estadistica.php Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107063158/https://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/404.shtml |date=2019-01-07 }} |- |156 | align="left" |{{YEM}} |{{convert|455,000|km2|0|disp=table}} |24,527,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 24527000/455000 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2012 | align="left" |[http://www.cso-yemen.org/content.php?lng=arabic&id=553 Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923211602/http://www.cso-yemen.org/content.php?lng=arabic&id=553 |date=2015-09-23 }} |- |157 | align="left" |{{GEO}} |{{convert|69,700|km2|0|disp=table}} |3,720,400 |{{convert|{{#expr: 3720400/69700 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.geostat.ge/index.php?action=page&p_id=152&lang=eng Offeecial estimate] |- |158 | align="left" |{{ERI}} |{{convert|121,100|km2|0|disp=table}} |6,333,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 6333000/121100 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |159 | align="left" |{{NIC}} |{{convert|121,428|km2|0|disp=table}} |6,071,045 |{{convert|{{#expr: 6071045/121428 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 30, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.inide.gob.ni/estadisticas/Cifras%20municipales%20año%202012%20INIDE.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502230512/http://www.inide.gob.ni/estadisticas/Cifras%20municipales%20a%C3%B1o%202012%20INIDE.pdf |date=2013-05-02 }} |- |160 |{{data Iran|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.amar.org.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=133 Offeecial population clock] |- |161 | align="left" |''{{MSR}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|102|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,922 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4922/102 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 12, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.gov.ms/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Montserrat-At-A-Glance.pdf 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403071254/http://www.gov.ms/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Montserrat-At-A-Glance.pdf |date=2019-04-03 }} |- |162 | align="left" |''{{WLF}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|274|km2|0|disp=table}} |13,135 |{{convert|{{#expr: 13135/274 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- |163 | align="left" |{{FIJ}} |{{convert|18,333|km2|0|disp=table}} |858,038 |{{convert|{{#expr: 858038/18333 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/Key%20Stats/Population/1.2%20pop%20by%20ethnicity.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130416021611/http://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/Key%20Stats/Population/1.2%20pop%20by%20ethnicity.pdf |date=2013-04-16 }} |- |164 | align="left" |{{PAN}} |{{convert|74,177|km2|0|disp=table}} |3,405,813 |{{convert|{{#expr: 3405813/74177 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 16, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.censos2010.gob.pa/Resultados/cuadros.aspx Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110307170158/http://www.censos2010.gob.pa/Resultados/Cuadros.aspx |date=2011-03-07 }} |- |165 | align="left" |{{BLR}} |{{convert|207,600|km2|0|disp=table}} |9,469,200 |{{convert|{{#expr: 9469200/207600 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2014 | align="left" |[http://belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya-statistika/otrasli-statistiki/naselenie/demografiya_2/current-data/demographic-situation-in-Half-Year-2014 Quarterly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729023401/http://belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya-statistika/otrasli-statistiki/naselenie/demografiya_2/current-data/demographic-situation-in-Half-Year-2014/ |date=2014-07-29 }} |- |166 | align="left" |{{MNE}} |{{convert|13,812|km2|0|disp=table}} |620,029 |{{convert|{{#expr: 620029/13812 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 1, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.monstat.org/userfiles/file/popis2011/saopstenje/saopstenje%281%29.pdf Final 2011 census result] |- |167 | align="left" |{{CMR}} |{{convert|466,050|km2|0|disp=table}} |20,386,799 |{{convert|{{#expr: 20386799/466050 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2012 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.cm/downloads/annuaire/2012/Annuaire-2012-chapitre-4.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517031000/http://www.stat.cm/downloads/annuaire/2012/Annuaire-2012-chapitre-4.pdf |date=2018-05-17 }} |- |168 |align=left|[[Colombie]] | align="left" |1,141,748 |440,831 |49,087,979 |43 |111.35 |Februar 14, 2017 |[http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/reloj_animado.php Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114091321/http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/reloj_animado.php |date=2012-01-14 }} |- |169 | align="left" |{{GUI}} |{{convert|245,857|km2|0|disp=table}} |10,628,972 |{{convert|{{#expr: 10628972/245857 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2015 | align="left" |[http://www.stat-guinee.org Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712050037/http://www.stat-guinee.org/ |date=2012-07-12 }} |- |170 | align="left" |{{RSA}} |{{convert|1,220,813|km2|0|disp=table}} |52,981,991 |{{convert|{{#expr: 52981991/1220813 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0302/P03022013.pdf Offeecial estimate] |- |171 | align="left" |{{PLW}} |{{convert|488|km2|0|disp=table}} |20,901 |{{convert|{{#expr: 20901/488 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- |172 | align="left" |{{GNB}} |{{convert|36,125|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,547,777 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1547777/36125 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.stat-guinebissau.com/publicacao/Projeccao_demografica.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031343/http://www.stat-guinebissau.com/publicacao/Projeccao_demografica.pdf |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |173 | align="left" |{{LIT}} |{{convert|65,300|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,836,708 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2836708/65300 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://db1.stat.gov.lt/statbank/selectvarval/saveselections.asp?MainTable=M3010101&PLanguage=1&TableStyle=&Buttons=&PXSId=7743&IQY=&TC=&ST=ST&rvar0=&rvar1=&rvar2=&rvar3=&rvar4=&rvar5=&rvar6=&rvar7=&rvar8=&rvar9=&rvar10=&rvar11=&rvar12=&rvar13=&rvar14= Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819130935/http://db1.stat.gov.lt/statbank/selectvarval/saveselections.asp?MainTable=M3010101&PLanguage=1&TableStyle=&Buttons=&PXSId=7743&IQY=&TC=&ST=ST&rvar0=&rvar1=&rvar2=&rvar3=&rvar4=&rvar5=&rvar6=&rvar7=&rvar8=&rvar9=&rvar10=&rvar11=&rvar12=&rvar13=&rvar14= |date=2010-08-19 }} |- |174 | align="left" |{{LBR}} |{{convert|97,036|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,076,530 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4076530/97036 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.lisgis.net/pg_img/Population%20Projection%20final%20110512.pdf Offeecial projection] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224150241/http://www.lisgis.net/pg_img/Population%20Projection%20final%20110512.pdf |date=2021-02-24 }} |- |175 | align="left" |{{AFG}} |{{convert|645,807|km2|0|disp=table}} |25,500,100 |{{convert|{{#expr: 25500100/645807 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://cso.gov.af/Content/files/Settled%20Population%20by%20Civil%20Division,.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918003706/http://cso.gov.af/Content/files/Settled%20Population%20by%20Civil%20Division,.pdf |date=2012-09-18 }} |- |176 | align="left" |''{{CCK}}'' ([[Australia]]) |{{convert|14|km2|0|disp=table}} |550 |{{convert|{{#expr: 550/14 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 9, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Australia-Agglo.html 2011 census result] |- |177 | align="left" |{{DJI}} |{{convert|23,000|km2|0|disp=table}} |864,618 |{{convert|{{#expr: 864618/23000 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.ministere-finances.dj/Annuaire2012Ver02102012-Correct3.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053048/http://www.ministere-finances.dj/Annuaire2012Ver02102012-Correct3.pdf |date=2016-03-04 }} |- |178 | align="left" |{{COD}} |{{convert|2,345,095|km2|0|disp=table}} |85,026,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 85026000/2345095 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.ins-rdc.org/sites/default/files/Montage%20AnnuStat%20FINAL%202%20From%20VEROUILLE%20_0.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114103852/http://www.ins-rdc.org/sites/default/files/Montage%20AnnuStat%20FINAL%202%20From%20VEROUILLE%20_0.pdf |date=2016-01-14 }} |- |179 | align="left" |{{MDG}} |{{convert|587,041|km2|0|disp=table}} |20,696,070 |{{convert|{{#expr: 20696070/587041 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2011 | align="left" |[http://www.instat.mg/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=33&Itemid=56 Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520005948/http://www.instat.mg/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=33&Itemid=56 |date=2011-05-20 }} |- |180 | align="left" |''{{flag|Saunt Helena}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|122|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,255 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4255/122 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |February 10, 2008 | align="left" |[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Saint_Helena/Saint_Helena.pdf Preliminary 2008 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629183023/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Saint_Helena/Saint_Helena.pdf |date=2014-06-29 }} |- |181 | align="left" |''{{FRO}}'' ([[Denmark]]) |{{convert|1,399|km2|0|disp=table}} |48,244 |{{convert|{{#expr: 48244/1399 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.hagstova.fo/portal/page/portal/HAGSTOVAN/Statistics_%20Faroe_Islands Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511090929/http://www.hagstova.fo/portal/page/portal/HAGSTOVAN/Statistics_%20Faroe_Islands |date=2011-05-11 }} |- |182 |{{data United States|Popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.census.gov/popclock Offeecial population clock] |- |183 | align="left" |{{ZIM}} |{{convert|390,757|km2|0|disp=table}} |12,973,808 |{{convert|{{#expr: 12973808/390757 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 17, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.zimstat.co.zw/dmdocuments/CensusPreliminary2012.pdf Preliminary 2012 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903060905/http://www.zimstat.co.zw/dmdocuments/CensusPreliminary2012.pdf |date=2013-09-03 }} |- |184 | align="left" |{{VEN}} |{{convert|916,445|km2|0|disp=table}} |28,946,101 |{{convert|{{#expr: 28946101/916445 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 30, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.ine.gob.ve/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=473:para-el-30102011-28946101-total-preliminar-de-personas-en-venezuela&catid=121:censo-2011 Preliminary 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002094142/http://www.ine.gob.ve/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=473:para-el-30102011-28946101-total-preliminar-de-personas-en-venezuela&catid=121:censo-2011 |date=2013-10-02 }} |- |185 | align="left" |{{LAT}} |{{convert|64,562|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,005,200 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2005200/64562 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2014 | align="left" |[http://www.csb.gov.lv/en/statistikas-temas/population-key-indicators-30624.html Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130628214416/http://www.csb.gov.lv/en/statistikas-temas/population-key-indicators-30624.html |date=2013-06-28 }} |- |186 | align="left" |{{MOZ}} |{{convert|799,380|km2|0|disp=table}} |23,700,715 |{{convert|{{#expr: 23700715/799380 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2012 | align="left" |[http://www.ine.gov.mz/Dashboards.aspx Offeecial estimate] |- |187 | align="left" |{{KGZ}} |{{convert|199,945|km2|0|disp=table}} |5,895,100 |{{convert|{{#expr: 5895100/199945 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2015 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.kg/media/statisticsoperational/8095e2a8-5228-4645-90e5-4ee025605225.xls Offeecial estimate] |- |188 | align="left" |{{EST}} |{{convert|45,339|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,313,271 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1313271/45339 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.ee/main-indicators Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121123153505/http://www.stat.ee/main-indicators |date=2012-11-23 }} |- |189 | align="left" |{{LAO}} |{{convert|236,800|km2|0|disp=table}} |6,580,800 |{{convert|{{#expr: 6580800/236800 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2013 | align="left" |[http://www.nsc.gov.la/Statistics/Selected%20Statistics/Population.htm Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517150036/http://www.nsc.gov.la/Statistics/Selected%20Statistics/Population.htm |date=2012-05-17 }} |- |190 | align="left" |{{BHS}} |{{convert|13,940|km2|0|disp=table}} |351,461 |{{convert|{{#expr: 351461/13940 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 3, 2010 | align="left" |[http://statistics.bahamas.gov.bs/download/056411800.pdf Final 2010 census result]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |191 | align="left" |''{{SPM}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|242|km2|0|disp=table}} |6,081 |{{convert|{{#expr: 6081/242 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-departements.asp?annee=2010 Offeecial estimate] |- |192 | align="left" |{{BRA}} |{{convert|8,515,767|km2|0|disp=table}} |202,768,562 |{{convert|{{#expr: 202768562/8515767 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2014 | align="left" |[ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Estimativas_de_Populacao/Estimativas_2014/estimativa_dou_2014.pdf Offeecial estimate] |- |193 | align="left" |{{PER}} |{{convert|1,285,216|km2|0|disp=table}} |30,475,144 |{{convert|{{#expr: 30475144/1285216 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 30, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.inei.gob.pe/biblioineipub/bancopub/Est/Lib0842/cap03.htm Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120601002017/http://www.inei.gob.pe/biblioineipub/bancopub/Est/Lib0842/cap03.htm |date=2012-06-01 }} |- |194 | align="left" |{{CHL}} |{{convert|756,096|km2|0|disp=table}} |16,634,603 |{{convert|{{#expr: 16634603/756096 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 9, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.censo.cl/contenido/sintesis_resultados_censo_2012.pdf Final 2012 census result]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |195 | align="left" |{{VAN}} |{{convert|12,190|km2|0|disp=table}} |264,652 |{{convert|{{#expr: 264652/12190 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- |196 |{{data Sweden|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.scb.se Offeecial population clock] |- |197 | align="left" |{{BTN}} |{{convert|38,394|km2|0|disp=table}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: 720000+36*{{Age in days|2012|4|16}} round 0}}}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (720000+36*{{Age in days|2012|4|16}})/38394 round 0}}}} |{{formatnum: {{#expr: (720000+36*{{Age in days|2012|4|16}})/14824 round 0}}}} |{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} | align="left" |[http://www.nsb.gov.bt/main/main.php#&slider1=1 Offeecial population clock]{{Dead link|date=February 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |198 | align="left" |{{URU}} |{{convert|176,215|km2|0|disp=table}} |3,286,314 |{{convert|{{#expr: 3286314/176215 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |September 30, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/index.html Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112153208/http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/index.html |date=2012-01-12 }} |- |199 | align="left" |''{{ALA}}'' ([[Finland]]) |{{convert|1,552|km2|0|disp=table}} |28,502 |{{convert|{{#expr: 28502/1552 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 31, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.asub.ax/start.con?iLan=2 Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115211225/http://www.asub.ax/start.con?iLan=2 |date=2016-11-15 }} |- |200 | align="left" |{{SOL}} |{{convert|28,370|km2|0|disp=table}} |515,870 |{{convert|{{#expr: 515870/28370 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |November 23, 2009 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/prism/solomons 2009 census result] |- |201 | align="left" |{{SSD}} |{{convert|644,329|km2|0|disp=table}} |11,296,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 11296000/644329 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |202 |{{data New Zealand|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.stats.govt.nz/methods_and_services/population_clock.aspx Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100604223109/http://www.stats.govt.nz/methods_and_services/population_clock.aspx |date=2010-06-04 }} |- |203 | align="left" |{{ZAM}} |{{convert|752,612|km2|0|disp=table}} |13,092,666 |{{convert|{{#expr: 13092666/752612 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 16, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Zambia.html Final 2010 census result] |- |204 | align="left" |{{SDN}} |{{convert|1,839,542|km2|0|disp=table}} |30,894,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 30894000/1839542 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 22, 2008 | align="left" |[http://southsudaninfo.net/wp-content/uploads/reference_library/reports/5th_sudan_census26_april_2009.pdf 2008 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520025735/http://southsudaninfo.net/wp-content/uploads/reference_library/reports/5th_sudan_census26_april_2009.pdf |date=2013-05-20 }} |- |205 | align="left" |{{ANG}} |{{convert|1,246,700|km2|0|disp=table}} |20,609,294 |{{convert|{{#expr: 20609294/1246700 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2012 | align="left" |[http://www.ine.gov.ao Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126193220/http://www.ine.gov.ao/ |date=2015-11-26 }} |- |206 | align="left" |{{FIN}} |{{convert|338,424|km2|0|disp=table}} |5,489,057 |{{convert|{{#expr: 5489057/338424 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 13, 2015 | align="left" |[http://vrk.fi/default.aspx?site=4&docid=85 Offeecial population clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002005827/http://vrk.fi/default.aspx?site=4&docid=85 |date=2015-10-02 }} |- |207 | align="left" |{{PAR}} |{{convert|406,752|km2|0|disp=table}} |6,672,631 |{{convert|{{#expr: 6672631/406752 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2012 | align="left" |[http://www.dgeec.gov.py/sub_index/Pobreza/Paraguay%20Evolucion%20de%20la%20Poblacion%20Total%20Periodo%201950-2002%20Proyeccion%202012.pdf Offeecial estimate] |- |208 | align="left" |{{ALG}} |{{convert|2,381,741|km2|0|disp=table}} |38,700,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 38700000/2381741 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2014 | align="left" |[http://www.ons.dz/-Demographie-.html Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306220607/http://www.ons.dz/-Demographie-.html |date=2012-03-06 }} |- |209 | align="left" |{{NOR}} |{{convert|323,782|km2|0|disp=table}} |5,252,166 |{{convert|{{#expr: 5189435/323782 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 1, 2016 | align="left" |[https://www.ssb.no/en/befolkning/statistikker/folkemengde/kvartal Quarterly official estimate] |- |210 | align="left" |{{PNG}} |{{convert|462,840|km2|0|disp=table}} |7,398,500 |{{convert|{{#expr: 7398500/462840 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdd/index.php/en/downloads/doc_download/736-population-datasheet-jan-2014 Annual official estimate] |- |211 | align="left" |''{{CXR}}'' ([[Australia]]) |{{convert|137|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,072 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2072/137 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 9, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Australia-Agglo.html 2011 census result] |- |212 | align="left" |{{SOM}} |{{convert|637,657|km2|0|disp=table}} |9,331,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 9331000/637657 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Somalia.html Offeecial estimate] |- |213 | align="left" |{{NER}} |{{convert|1,186,408|km2|0|disp=table}} |17,129,076 |{{convert|{{#expr: 17129076/1186408 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |December 10, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.stat-niger.org/statistique/file/rgph2012.pdf Preliminary 2012 census result] |- |214 | align="left" |{{ARG}} |{{convert|2,780,400|km2|0|disp=table}} |40,117,096 |{{convert|{{#expr: 40117096/2780400 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |October 27, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.indec.gov.ar/nuevaweb/cuadros/novedades/gacetilla_01_09_11.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034527/http://www.indec.gov.ar/nuevaweb/cuadros/novedades/gacetilla_01_09_11.pdf |date=2015-09-24 }} |- |215 | align="left" |{{BLZ}} |{{convert|22,965|km2|0|disp=table}} |324,528 |{{convert|{{#expr: 324528/22965 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 12, 2010 | align="left" |[http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf Final 2010 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127084833/http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf |date=2016-01-27 }} |- |216 | align="left" |{{SAU}} |{{convert|2,149,690|km2|0|disp=table}} |29,994,272 |{{convert|{{#expr: 29994272/2149690 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2013 | align="left" |[http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english Annual official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919225542/http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/ |date=2012-09-19 }} |- |217 | align="left" |''{{NCL}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|18,575|km2|0|disp=table}} |258,958 |{{convert|{{#expr: 258958/18575 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.spc.int/sdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=158&Itemid=42&lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- |218 | align="left" |{{OMN}} |{{convert|309,500|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,183,841 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4183841/309500 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |June 9, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.ncsi.gov.om/NCSI_website Weekly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530052708/http://www.ncsi.gov.om/NCSI_website |date=2014-05-30 }} |- |219 | align="left" |{{COG}} |{{convert|342,000|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,448,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4448000/342000 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |220 | align="left" |{{MLI}} |{{convert|1,248,574|km2|0|disp=table}} |14,528,662 |{{convert|{{#expr: 14528662/1248574 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 1, 2009 | align="left" |[http://instat.gov.ml Final 2009 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120413171022/http://www.instat.gov.ml/ |date=2012-04-13 }} |- |221 | align="left" |{{TKM}} |{{convert|491,210|km2|0|disp=table}} |5,240,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 5240000/491210 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |222 | align="left" |''{{flag|Ascension Island}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|88|km2|0|disp=table}} |880 |{{convert|{{#expr: 880/88 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |February 10, 2008 | align="left" |[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Saint_Helena/Saint_Helena.pdf Preliminary 2008 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629183023/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Saint_Helena/Saint_Helena.pdf |date=2014-06-29 }} |- |223 | align="left" |{{BOL}} |{{convert|1,098,581|km2|0|disp=table}} |10,389,913 |{{convert|{{#expr: 10389913/1098581 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |November 21, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.ine.gob.bo/pdf/boletin/NP_2013_2.pdf Preliminary 2012 census result] |- |224 | align="left" |{{CHA}} |{{convert|1,284,000|km2|0|disp=table}} |11,274,106 |{{convert|{{#expr: 11274106/1284000 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |May 20, 2009 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Chad.html Preliminary 2009 census result] |- |225 | align="left" |{{RUS}} |{{convert|17,098,242|km2|0|disp=table}} |143,975,923 |{{convert|{{#expr: 143975923/17098242 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.gks.ru/bgd/free/B13_00/IssWWW.exe/Stg/dk11/8-0.htm Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140213200830/http://www.gks.ru/bgd/free/b13_00/IssWWW.exe/Stg/dk11/8-0.htm |date=2014-02-13 }} |- |226 | align="left" |{{CAF}} |{{convert|622,436|km2|0|disp=table}} |4,616,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 4616000/622436 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |227 | align="left" |{{GAB}} |{{convert|267,667|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,672,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1672000/267667 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |228 | align="left" |{{KAZ}} |{{convert|2,724,900|km2|0|disp=table}} |17,186,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 17186000/2724900 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |February 1, 2014 | align="left" |[http://www.eng.stat.kz/Pages/default.aspx Monthly official estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140117231623/http://www.eng.stat.kz/Pages/default.aspx |date=2014-01-17 }} |- |229 | align="left" |''{{NIU}}'' ([[New Zealand|NZ]]) |{{convert|261|km2|0|disp=table}} |1,613 |{{convert|{{#expr: 1613/261 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |September 10, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Niue.html Final 2011 census result] |- |230 | align="left" |{{GUY}} |{{convert|214,999|km2|0|disp=table}} |784,894 |{{convert|{{#expr: 784894/214999 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2010 | align="left" |[http://www.statisticsguyana.gov.gy/pubs/Guyana_Population_Projections_2005-2025.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031300/http://www.statisticsguyana.gov.gy/pubs/Guyana_Population_Projections_2005-2025.pdf |date=2017-02-02 }} |- |231 | align="left" |{{LBY}} |{{convert|1,770,060|km2|0|disp=table}} |6,244,174 |{{convert|{{#expr: 6202000/1770060 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |232 |{{data Canada|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.statcan.gc.ca/start-debut-eng.html Offeecial estimate] |- |233 |{{data Australia|popdens}} | align="left" |[http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs%40.nsf/94713ad445ff1425ca25682000192af2/1647509ef7e25faaca2568a900154b63?OpenDocument Offeecial estimate] |- |234 | align="left" |{{BOT}} |{{convert|581,730|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,024,904 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2024904/581730 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 22, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.cso.gov.bw/media/2011%20Census%20_Alphabetical%20Index%20of%20Districts.pdf Final 2011 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525113252/http://www.cso.gov.bw/media/2011%20Census%20_Alphabetical%20Index%20of%20Districts.pdf |date=2013-05-25 }} |- |235 | align="left" |{{MTN}} |{{convert|1,030,700|km2|0|disp=table}} |3,461,041 |{{convert|{{#expr: 3461041/1030700 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2013 | align="left" |[http://www.ons.mr/doc/publication/Projectionpopulation.pdf Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925151255/http://www.ons.mr/doc/publication/Projectionpopulation.pdf |date=2015-09-25 }} |- |236 | align="left" |{{SUR}} |{{convert|163,820|km2|0|disp=table}} |534,189 |{{convert|{{#expr: 534189/163820 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 13, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Suriname.html Preliminary 2012 census result] |- |237 | align="left" |{{ISL}} |{{convert|102,775|km2|0|disp=table}} |332,529 |{{convert|{{#expr: 332529/102775 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2016 | align="left" |[http://www.statice.is Offeecial estimate] |- |238 | align="left" |''{{GUF}}'' ([[Fraunce]]) |{{convert|86,504|km2|0|disp=table}} |244,118 |{{convert|{{#expr: 244118/86504 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |[http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/recensement/populations-legales/france-regions.asp Offeecial estimate] |- |239 | align="left" |{{NAM}} |{{convert|825,118|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,113,077 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2113077/825118 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |August 28, 2011 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Namibia.html Final 2011 census result] |- |240 | align="left" |{{flagicon|SADR}} [[Wastren Sahara]]<ref>Admeenistration is split atween [[Morocco]] an the [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]], baith o which claim the entire territory.</ref> |{{convert|252,120|km2|0|disp=table}} |567,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 567000/252120 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |July 1, 2013 | align="left" |UN estimate |- |241 | align="left" |{{MNG}} |{{convert|1,564,100|km2|0|disp=table}} |3,000,000 |{{convert|{{#expr: 3000000/1564100 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 24, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.infomongolia.com/ct/ci/6068 Offeecial estimate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034911/http://www.infomongolia.com/ct/ci/6068 |date=2015-09-24 }} |- |242 | align="left" |''{{flag|Tristan da Cunha}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|207|km2|0|disp=table}} |266 |{{convert|{{#expr: 266/207 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |February 10, 2008 | align="left" |[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Saint_Helena/Saint_Helena.pdf Preliminary 2008 census result] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629183023/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Saint_Helena/Saint_Helena.pdf |date=2014-06-29 }} |- |243 | align="left" |''{{PCN}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]]) |{{convert|47|km2|0|disp=table}} |56 |{{convert|{{#expr: 56/47 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |2013 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Pitcairn.html 2013 census result] |- |244 | align="left" |''{{FLK}}'' ([[Unitit Kinrick|UK]])<ref>Islands claimed bi [[Argentinae]].</ref> |{{convert|12,173|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,563 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2563/12173 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |April 15, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.falklands.gov.fk/our-people 2012 census result] |- |245 | align="left" |''{{SJM}}'' ([[Norawa]]) |{{convert|61,399|km2|0|disp=table}} |2,655 |{{convert|{{#expr: 2655/61399 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |September 1, 2012 | align="left" |[http://www.citypopulation.de/Svalbard.html Offeecial estimate] |- |246 | align="left" |''{{GRL}}'' ([[Denmark]]) |{{convert|2,166,000|km2|0|disp=table}} |55,984 |{{convert|{{#expr: 55984/2166000 round 0}}|/km2|0|disp=table}} |January 1, 2015 | align="left" |[http://www.stat.gl/default.asp?lang=en Offeecial estimate] |- !Pos.!!Kintra (or dependent territory)!!Aurie (km²)!!Aurie (mi²)!!Population!!Density<br>(pop./km²)!!Density<br>(pop./mi²)!!Date!!Population soorce |} ==Notes== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Leet O sovereign states an dependent territories bi population density}} [[Category:Demografie]] [[Category:Human owerpopulation]] [[Category:Leets o kintras bi population]] [[Category:Leets o kintras bi population density]] [[Category:Leets bi population density|Kintras an dependencies]] i6wcwptsarao0aqn4s72ooeeq52cp95 0 165712 918455 885810 2026-06-20T06:58:12Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918455 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:The Scientific Method as an Ongoing Process.svg|thumb|450px|The scienteefic method as a cyclic or [[iterative]] process<ref name="Garland2015">{{cite web | url =http://idea.ucr.edu/documents/flash/scientific_method/story.htm | title =The Scientific Method as an Ongoing Process | last =Garland, Jr. | first =Theodore | publisher =U C Riverside | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20160819164005/http://idea.ucr.edu/documents/flash/scientific_method/story.htm | archive-date =19 Aug 2016 |deadurl=no}}</ref>]] The '''scienteefic method''' is a bouk o [[Scienteefic technique|techniques]] for investigatin [[Phenomenon|phenomena]], acquirin new [[knawledge]], or correctin an integratin previous knawledge.<ref name="Goldhaber 2010 page=940">{{harvnb|Goldhaber|Nieto|2010|page=940}}</ref> Tae be termed scienteefic, a method o [[inquiry]] is commonly based on [[empirical]] or [[Meisurment|meisurable]] evidence subject tae speceefic principles o raisonin.<ref>"[4] Rules for the study of [[naitural filosofie|natural philosophy]]", {{harvnb|Newton transl|1999|pp=794–96}}, after Book '''3''', ''The System of the World''.</ref> The [[OxfordDictionaries.com|Oxford Dictionaries Online]] define the scienteefic method as "a method or procedur that haes chairacterised [[naitural science]] syne the 17t century, conseestin in seestematic observation, meisurment, an [[experiment]], an the formulation, testin, an modification o [[Hypothesis|hypotheses]]".<ref>{{Citation | date = 2016 | title = Oxford Dictionaries: British and World English | chapter = scientific method | url = http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/scientific-method | accessdate = 28 May 2016 | archive-date = 2016-06-20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160620062539/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/scientific-method | url-status = dead }}</ref> Experiments need tae be designed tae test hypotheses. The maist important pairt o the scienteefic method is the experiment.<ref>The Scientific Method by Science Made Simple. (n.d.). Retrieved November 08, 2016, from http://www.sciencemadesimple.com/scientific_method.html</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Further readin== * Ziman, John (2000). Real Science: what it is, and what it means. Cambridge: [[Cambridge University Press]]. * Fraassen, Bas C. van, The Scientific Image, [[Oxford University Press]], Oxford, 1980. ==External links== {{Wikibooks|The Scientific Method}} {{Commons category}} * [http://www.geo.sunysb.edu/esp/files/scientific-method.html An Introduction to Science: Scientific Thinking and a scientific method] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101173949/http://www.geo.sunysb.edu/esp/files/scientific-method.html |date=2018-01-01 }} by Steven D. Schafersman. * [http://teacher.nsrl.rochester.edu/phy_labs/AppendixE/AppendixE.html Introduction to the scientific method] * [http://www.galilean-library.org/theory.html Theory-ladenness] bi Paul Newall at The Galilean Library * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060428080832/http://pasadena.wr.usgs.gov/office/ganderson/es10/lectures/lecture01/lecture01.html Lecture on Scientific Method by Greg Anderson] * [http://www.sciencemadesimple.com/scientific_method.html Using the scientific method for designing science fair projects] * [http://emotionalcompetency.com/sci/booktoc.html ''Scientific Methods'' an online book by Richard D. Jarrard] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b240PGCMwV0 Richard Feynman on the Key to Science] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130511083452/http://www.dbskeptic.com/2010/03/14/what-it-means-to-be-scientifically-proven/ Lectures on the Scientific Method] bi Nick Josh Karean, Kevin Padian, Michael Shermer and [[Richard Dawkins]] {{Library resources box |by=no |onlinebooks=no |others=no |about=yes |label=Scientific method}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Scienteefic Method}} [[Category:Scienteefic method| ]] [[Category:Scienteefic revolution]] [[Category:Philosophy o science]] q376okek7f4dor4rwiifeuw9vq1ffue 0 168378 918328 885296 2026-06-19T12:12:05Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder |name = Junichiro Koizumi |office = [[Leet o Prime Meenisters o Japan|56t]] [[Prime Meenister o Japan]] |native_name = {{nobold|小泉 純一郎}} |native_name_lang = ja |image = Koizumi 2010 cropped.png |alt = Koizumi in 2010 |caption = Koizumi in Mairch 2010 |monarch = [[Akihito]] |predecessor = [[Yoshirō Mori]] |successor = [[Shinzo Abe]] |office2 = [[Meenister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)|Meenister for Foreign Affairs]] |predecessor2 = [[Makiko Tanaka]] |successor2 = [[Yoriko Kawaguchi]] |party = [[Leeberal Democratic Pairty (Japan)|Leeberal Democratic Pairty]] |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1942|01|08}} |birth_place = [[Yokosuka, Kanagawa]], Japan |death_date = |death_place = |spouse = {{marriage|Kayoko Miyamoto|1978|1982}} |children = {{plainlist| *[[Kotaro Koizumi|Kōtarō Koizumi]] *[[Shinjirō Koizumi]] *Yoshinaga Miyamoto}} |alma_mater = {{plainlist| *[[Keio Varsity]] *[[University College London]]}} |term_start = April 26, 2001 |term_end = September 26, 2006 |term_start2 = January 26, 2002 |term_end2 = February 16, 2002 |office3 = [[Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare|Minister of Health and Welfare]] |term_start3 = November 7, 1996 |term_end3 = July 29, 1998 |primeminister3 = [[Ryutaro Hashimoto]] |predecessor3 = [[Naoto Kan]] |successor3 = [[Sohei Miyashita]] |term_start4 = December 27, 1988 |term_end4 = August 10, 1989 |primeminister4 = {{plainlist| *[[Noboru Takeshita]] *[[Sōsuke Uno]]}} |predecessor4 = [[Takao Fujimoto]] |successor4 = [[Saburo Toida]] |office5 = [[Meenistry ofInternal Affairs an Communications|Meenister o Post an Telecommunications]] |term_start5 = December 12, 1992 |term_end5 = Julie 20, 1993 |primeminister5 = [[Kiichi Miyazawa]] |predecessor5 = [[Hideo Watanabe]] |successor5 = [[Kiichi Miyazawa]] |constituency_MP6 = [[Kanagawa 11t destrict]] |parliament6 = Japanese |term_start6 = 1996 |term_end6 = 2009 |predecessor6 = New constituency |successor6 = [[Shinjirō Koizumi]] |majority6 = 197,037 (73.16%) }} {{nihongo|'''Junichiro Koizumi'''|小泉 純一郎|Koizumi Jun'ichirō|born Januar 8, 1942}} is a Japanese politeecian wha wis the 56t [[Prime Meenister o Japan]] frae 2001 tae 2006. He retired frae politics when his term in pairlament endit in 2009,<ref name="quit">"[http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20080926a1.html Koizumi to exit political stage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606144551/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20080926a1.html |date=2011-06-06 }}", ''The Japan Times'', September 26, 2008.</ref> an is currently the [[Leet_o_Prime_Meenisters_o_Japan#Rank_bi_tenur|fift langest servin PM in Japanese history]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Koizumi, Junichiro}} [[Category:1942 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Yokosuka, Kanagawa]] [[Category:Alumni o University College London]] [[Category:Keio Varsity alumni]] [[Category:Foreign meenisters o Japan]] [[Category:Meenisters o Agricultur, Forestry an Fisheries o Japan]] [[Category:Meenisters o Heal an Weelfare o Japan]] [[Category:Japanese Buddhists]] [[Category:Japanese expatriates in the Unitit Kinrick]] [[Category:Koizumi faimily|Junichiro]] [[Category:Leeberal Democratic Pairty (Japan) politeecians]] [[Category:Members o the Hoose o Representatives (Japan)]] [[Category:Prime Meenisters o Japan]] [[Category:Members o Nippon Kaigi]] [[Category:Japanese Shintoists]] [[Category:Heisei period]] [[Category:21st-century Japanese politeecians]] q57ki335rqxiq5spetjivmxiv01oa9j 0 176350 918350 917777 2026-06-19T14:27:12Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{noscots}} This is a '''pairtial leet o Solar Seestem objects bi size''', arranged in descendin order o mean volumetric [[radius]], an subdividit intae several size classes. == Leet o objects bi radius == <!-- This list is ranked by mean RADIUS. Many Wikipedia articles list the polar and equatorial DIAMETER. Please be sure of your figures. --> === Lairger nor 400 km === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! rowspan=2 style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Bouk'''&thinsp;^(a) ! rowspan=2 class="unsortable"| Image ! colspan=2 style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Radius'''&thinsp;^(b) ! colspan=2 | Vollum ! colspan=2 | Mass ! data-sort-type="number" | Density ! colspan=2 style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Gravity'''&thinsp;^(c) ! rowspan=2 | Teep ! rowspan=2 class="unsortable" | Shape ! rowspan=2 data-sort-type="number" style="font-weight: normal;" | '''#'''&thinsp;^(d) |- ! data-sort-type="number" | ([[kilometre|km]]) ! class="unsortable" | ([[Yird radius|R_⊕]]) ! data-sort-type="number" | ([[1,000,000,000 (nummer)|10⁹]]&nbsp;km³) ! class="unsortable" | ({{abbr|V_⊕|Gien in multiples o Yird's vollum}}) ! data-sort-type="number" | ([[Yottagram|10²¹]]&nbsp;kg) ! class="unsortable" | ([[Yird mass|M_⊕]]) ! data-sort-type="number" | (g/cm³) ! data-sort-type="number" | (m/s²) ! class="unsortable" | ([[staundart gravity|⊕]]) |-style="background-color: #FBEC5D;" |[[Sun]] |bgcolor=black | [[File:Sun in February.jpg|50px]] |{{small|{{val|696342|65}}<ref name=arxiv1203_4898> {{cite journal |last1=Emilio |first1=M. |last2=Kuhn |first2=J. R. |last3=Bush |first3=R. I. |last4=Scholl |first4=I. F. |date=2012 |title=Measuring the Solar Radius from Space during the 2003 and 2006 Mercury Transits |journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]] |volume=750 |issue=2 |page=135 |arxiv=1203.4898 |bibcode=2012ApJ...750..135E |doi=10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/135 }}</ref>}} |{{small|109.3}} |{{small|1,414,300,000}} |{{small|1,305,700}} |{{small|1,988,550,000}} |333,000 |1.408 |274.0 |27.94 |[[star]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 1 |-style="background-color: #d5d5d5;" |[[Jupiter]] |bgcolor=black | [[File:Jupiter and its shrunken Great Red Spot.jpg|50x50px]] |{{val|69911|6}} |10.97 |1,431,280 |1,321 |1,898,600 |317.83 |1.326 |24.79 |2.528 |[[planet]] ([[gas giant]]); haes [[Raings o Jupiter|rings]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 2 |-style="background-color: #d5d5d5;" |[[Saturn]] |bgcolor=black | [[File:Ringworld Waiting.jpg|50x50px]] |{{val|58232|6}}<br>{{small|([[wikt:without|w/o]] rings)}} |9.140 |827,130 |764 |568,460 |95.162 |0.687 |10.445 |1.065 |[[planet]] ([[gas giant]]); haes [[Raings o Saturn|rings]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 3 |-style="background-color: #d5d5d5;" | [[Uranus]] |bgcolor=black | [[File:Uranus2.jpg|50px]] |{{val|25362|7}} |3.981 |68,340 |63.1 |86,832 |14.536 |1.27 |8.69 |0.90 |[[planet]] ([[ice giant]]); haes [[Raings o Uranus|rings]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 4 |-style="background-color: #d5d5d5;" |[[Neptune]] |bgcolor=black | [[File:Neptune - Voyager 2 (29347980845) flatten crop.jpg|50px]] |{{val|24622|19}} |3.865 |62,540 |57.7 |102,430 |17.147 |1.638 |11.15 |1.137 |[[planet]] ([[ice giant]]); haes [[Raings o Neptune|raings]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 5 |-style="background-color: #e6e6e6;" |[[Yird]] |bgcolor=black | [[File:Africa and Europe from a Million Miles Away.png|50px]] |{{val|6371.0|0.01}} |1 |1,083.21 |1 |5,973.6 |1 |5.514 |[[Gravity o Yird|9.80665]] |1 |[[planet]] ([[terrestrial planet|terrestrial]]) |[[Yird#Shape|roond]] (HE) |align=center | 6 |-style="background-color: #e6e6e6;" |[[Venus]] |bgcolor=black | [[File:Venus-real color.jpg|50px]] |{{val|6051.8|1.0}}<br>{{small|(w/o gas)}} |0.9499 |928.43 |0.857 |4,868.5 |0.815 |5.243 |8.872 |0.905 |[[planet]] ([[terrestrial planet|terrestrial]]) |roond (HE) |align=center | 7 |-style="background-color: #e6e6e6;" |[[Maurs]] |bgcolor=black | [[File:Mars 23 aug 2003 hubble.jpg|50px]] |{{val|3389.5|0.2}} |0.5320 |163.18 |0.151 |641.85 |0.107 |3.9335 ± 0.0004 |3.7 |0.38 |[[planet]] ([[terrestrial planet|terrestrial]]) |roond (HE) |align=center | 8 |-style="background-color: #FFE8E8;" |[[Ganymede (muin)|Ganymede]]<br>{{small|Jupiter III}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Ganymede g1 true-edit1.jpg|50x50px]] |{{val|2634.1|0.3}} |0.4135 |76.30 |0.0704 |148.2 |0.0248 |1.936 |1.428 |0.15 |[[muin o Jupiter]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 9 |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Titan (muin)|Titan]]<br>{{small|Saturn VI}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Two Halves of Titan.png|50px]] | {{val|2576|2|fmt=gaps}}<br>{{small|(w/o gas)}} |0.4043 |71.52 |0.0660 |134.5 |0.0225 |1.8798 ± 0.0044 |1.354 |0.14 |[[muin o Saturn]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 10 |-style="background-color: #e6e6e6;" |[[Mercur (planet)|Mercur]] |bgcolor=black | [[File:Mercury in color - Prockter07-edit1.jpg|50x50px]] |{{val|2439.7|1.0}} |0.3829 |60.83 |0.0562 |330.2 |0.0553 |5.427 |3.7 |0.38 |[[planet]] ([[terrestrial planet|terrestrial]]) |roond (HE) |align=center | 11 |-style="background-color: #FFE8E8;" |[[Callisto (muin)|Callisto]]<br>{{small|Jupiter IV}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Callisto.jpg|50px]] |{{val|2410.3|1.5}} |0.3783 |58.65 |0.0541 |107.6 |0.018 |1.8344 ± 0.0034 |1.23603 |0.126 |[[moon of Jupiter]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 12 |-style="background-color: #FFE8E8;" |[[Io (muin)|Io]]<br>{{small|Jupiter I}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Io highest resolution true color.jpg|50px]] |{{val|1821.6|.5}} |0.2859 |25.32 |0.0234 |89.3 |0.015 |3.528 ± 0.006 |1.797 |0.183 |[[moon of Jupiter]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 13 |-style="background-color: #B0E0E6;" |[[Muin]]<br/>{{small|Yird I}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:FullMoon2010.jpg|50px]] |{{val|1737.1}} |0.2727 |21.958 |0.0203 |73.5 |0.0123 |3.3464 |1.625 |0.166 |muin o Yird |roond (HE) |align=center | 14 |-style="background-color: #FFE8E8;" |[[Europa (muin)|Europa]]<br>{{small|Jupiter II}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Europa-moon.jpg|50px]] |{{val|1560.8|.5}} |0.2450 |15.93 |0.0147 |48 |0.008035 |3.013 ± 0.005 |1.316 |0.134 |[[moon of Jupiter]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 15 |-style="background-color: #DDEEFF;" |[[Triton (muin)|Triton]]<br>{{small|Neptune I}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Neptune’s Moon Triton Fosters Rare Icy Union (gemini1903a) (square crop).jpg|50px]] |{{val|1353.4|0.9}} |0.2124 |10.38 |0.0096 |21.5 |0.003599 |2.061 |0.782 |0.0797 |[[moon of Neptune]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 16 |- |[[Pluto]]<br>{{small|134340}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Nh-pluto-in-true-color 2x JPEG-edit-frame.jpg|50x50px]] |{{val|1186|2|fmt=gaps}}<ref>''New Horizons'' press conference, 2015-7-24</ref> |0.186 |6.95 |0.0064 |13.105 |0.0022 |1.87 ± 0.02 |0.61 |0.062 |[[dwarf planet]]; [[plutino]]; [[moons of Pluto|multiple]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 17 |- |[[Eris (dwarf planet)|Eris]]<br>{{small|136199}} |bgcolor=#420001 | [[File:Eris and dysnomia2.jpg|50px]] |{{val|1163|6|fmt=gaps}}<ref name="sicardy"> {{cite journal |last1=Sicardy |first1=B. |display-authors=etal. |date=2011 |title=Size, density, albedo and atmosphere limit of dwarf planet Eris from a stellar occultation |journal=European Planetary Science Congress Abstracts |volume=6 |pages=137 |url=http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EPSC-DPS2011/EPSC-DPS2011-137-8.pdf |accessdate=2011-09-14 |bibcode=2011epsc.conf..137S }} </ref> |0.1825 |6.59 |0.006 |16.7<ref name="Brown Schaller 2007">{{cite journal| doi = 10.1126/science.1139415| last1 = Brown| first1 = Michael E.| authorlink = Michael E. Brown| last2 = Schaller| first2 = Emily L.| date = 15 June 2007| title = The Mass of Dwarf Planet Eris| url = https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2007-06-15_316_5831/page/1585| journal = Science| volume = 316| issue = 5831| page = 1585| pmid = 17569855| pmc = | bibcode = 2007Sci...316.1585B| ref = harv}}</ref> |0.0028 |2.52 ± 0.05 |{{Gr|16.7|1300}} |0.0672 |[[dwarf planet]]; [[scattered disc|SDO]]; [[Dysnomia (muin)|binary]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 18 |-style="background-color: #CCFFCC;" |[[Titania (muin)|Titania]]<br>{{small|Uranus III}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Titania (moon) color cropped.jpg|50px]] |{{val|788.4|0.6}} |0.1237 |2.06 |0.0019 |3.526 |0.00059 |1.711 ± 0.005 |0.378 |0.0385 |[[moon of Uranus]] |roond |align=center | 19 |- |{{mpl-|225088|2007 OR|10}}<br>{{small|225088}} |bgcolor=black | |{{val|767|+38|-113}}<ref name=arXiv:1603.03090> {{Cite journal |last1=Pál |first1=András |display-authors=etal. |year=2016 |title=Large size and slow rotation of the trans-Neptunian object (225088) 2007 OR10 discovered from Herschel and K2 observations |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=151 |issue=5 |pages=117 |doi=10.3847/0004-6256/151/5/117 }}</ref> |0.1200 |1.88 |0.0017 | | | | | |[[Resonant trans-Neptunian object|resonant KBO]] (3:10) |{{small|unknown}} |align=center | 20 |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Rhea (muin)|Rhea]]<br>{{small|Saturn V}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:PIA07763 Rhea full globe5.jpg|50px]] |{{val|763.8|1.0}} |0.1199 |1.87 |0.0017 |2.3166 |0.00039 |1.236 ± 0.005 |0.26 |0.027 |[[moon of Saturn]] |roond (HE, {{small|disputed}}) |align=center | 21 |-style="background-color: #CCFFCC;" |[[Oberon (muin)|Oberon]]<br>{{small|Uranus IV}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Voyager 2 picture of Oberon.jpg|50px]] |{{val|761.4|2.6}} |0.1195 |1.85 |0.0017 |3.014 |0.0005 |1.63 ± 0.05 |0.347 |0.035 |[[moon of Uranus]] |roond |align=center | 22 |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Iapetus (muin)|Iapetus]]<br>{{small|Saturn VIII}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Iapetus as seen by the Cassini probe - 20071008.jpg|50px]] |{{val|734.5|2.8}} |0.1153 |1.55 |0.0014 |1.9739 |0.00033 |1.088 ± 0.013 |0.223 |0.0227 |[[moon of Saturn]] |roond {{small|(not in HE)}} |align=center | 23 |- |{{dp|Makemake}}<br>{{small|136472}} |bgcolor=#710000 | [[File:Makemake moon Hubble image with legend (cropped).jpg|50px]] |{{val|715|19|-11}}<!--now known not viewed pole-on--><ref name=Brown2013>{{cite journal|author=M.E. Brown|year=2013|arxiv=1304.1041|title=On the size, shape, and density of dwarf planet Makemake|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters|volume=767|pages=L7(5pp)|doi=10.1088/2041-8205/767/1/L7|bibcode = 2013ApJ...767L...7B }}</ref> |0.112 |1.7 |.0016 | | |2.3 ± 0.9 | | |[[dwarf planet]]; [[classical Kuiper belt object|cubewano]] |roond |align=center | 24 |- |{{dp|Haumea}}<br>{{small|136108}} |bgcolor=black| <!-- Do not place a non-free file here, per WP:NFLISTS --> |{{val|620|+34|-29}} |0.097 |1.3–1.6 |0.001 |4.006 |0.00067 |2.55<ref name=lacerda /> |0.44 |0.045 |[[dwarf planet]]; [[Resonant trans-Neptunian object|resonant KBO]] (7:12); [[moons of Haumea|trinary]] |roond {{small|(scalene [[ellipsoid]])}} |align=center | 25 |-style="background-color: #E5E5FF;" |[[Charon (muin)|Charon]]<br>{{small|Pluto I}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Charon in Color (HQ).jpg|50px]] |{{val|606|3}} |0.0951 |0.87 |0.0008 |1.52 |0.00025 |1.702 ± 0.021 |0.279 |0.028 |[[moon of Pluto]] |roond |align=center | 26 |-style="background-color: #CCFFCC;" |[[Umbriel (muin)|Umbriel]]<br>{{small|Uranus II}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:PIA00040 Umbrielx2.47.jpg|50px]] |{{val|584.7|2.8}} |0.0918 |0.84 |0.0008 |1.2 |0.00020 |1.39 ± 0.16 |0.234 |0.024 |[[moon of Uranus]] |roond |align=center | 27 |-style="background-color: #CCFFCC;" |[[Ariel (muin)|Ariel]]<br>{{small|Uranus I}} |bgcolor=black | |{{val|578.9|0.6}} |0.0909 |0.81 |0.0007 |1.35 |0.000226 |1.66 ± 0.15 |0.269 |0.027 |[[moon of Uranus]] |roond |align=center | 28 |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Dione (muin)|Dione]]<br>{{small|Saturn IV}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Dione color south.jpg|50px]] |{{val|561.4|0.4}} |0.0881 |0.73 |0.0007 |1.096 |0.000183 |1.478 ± 0.003 |0.232 |0.0237 |[[moon of Saturn]] |roond {{small|(not in HE)}} |align=center | 29 |- |[[50000 Quaoar|Quaoar]]<br>{{small|50000}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Quaoar hubble.jpg|50px]] |{{val|555|3}} |0.0871 | | |1.4 ± 0.1 |0.0002 |2.2 ± 0.4<ref name=TNOsCool8> {{Cite journal|first1=S. |last1=Fornasier |display-authors=etal. |arxiv= 1305.0449 |title= TNOs are Cool: A survey of the trans-Neptunian region. VIII. Combined Herschel PACS and SPIRE observations of 9 bright targets at 70–500 ''μ''m |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=555 |pages=A15 |date= 2013 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201321329 }}</ref> |{{Gr|0.37|445|3}} |0.0127 |[[Classical Kuiper belt object|cubewano]]; [[Weywot (muin)|binary]] |{{small|unknown}} |align=center | 30 |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Tethys (muin)|Tethys]]<br>{{small|Saturn III}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:PIA18317-SaturnMoon-Tethys-Cassini-20150411.jpg|50px]] |{{val|531.1|0.6}} |0.0834 |0.624 |0.0006 |0.6173 |0.000103 |0.984 ± 0.003<ref>Roatsch Jaumann et al. 2009, p. 765, Tables 24.1–2</ref> |0.145 |0.015 |[[moon of Saturn]] |roond {{small|(not in HE)}} |align=center | 31 |- |[[90377 Sedna|Sedna]]<br>{{small|90377}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:Sedna PRC2004-14d.jpg|50px]] |{{val|500|80}} |0.0785 | | | | | | | |[[sednoid]]; [[detached object]] |{{small|unknown}} |align=center | 32 |- |[[Ceres (dwarf planet)|Ceres]]<br>{{small|1}} |bgcolor=black | [[File:PIA19562-Ceres-DwarfPlanet-Dawn-RC3-image19-20150506.jpg|50x50px]] |{{val|473}}<ref name=Dawnpresentation>{{cite web|url=http://nesf2015.arc.nasa.gov/agenda|title=Agenda - NASA Exploration Science Forum 2015|publisher=|access-date=2017-08-24|archive-date=2015-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724072209/http://nesf2015.arc.nasa.gov/agenda|url-status=dead}}</ref> |0.0742 |0.433 |0.0004 |0.939<ref name="Rayman20150528">{{cite web |title=Dawn Journal, May 28, 2015 |last=Rayman |first=M. D. |publisher=[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] |url=http://dawnblog.jpl.nasa.gov/2015/05/28/dawn-journal-may-28-2015/ |date=28 May 2015 |accessdate=23 July 2015 |archive-date=2015-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530075157/http://dawnblog.jpl.nasa.gov/2015/05/28/dawn-journal-may-28-2015/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |0.000157 |2.17 |0.29 |0.030 |[[dwarf planet]]; [[asteroid belt|belt asteroid]] |roond (HE) |align=center | 33 |- |{{mpl-|307261|2002 MS|4}}<br>{{small|307261}} |bgcolor=black| |{{val|467|24}} |0.0733 | | | | | | | |[[Classical Kuiper belt object|cubewano]]<ref name=johnston2011> {{cite web |date=24 March 2015 |title=List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects |publisher=Johnston's Archive |author=Wm. Robert Johnston |url=http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/tnoslist.html |accessdate=21 July 2015 }}</ref> |{{small|unknown}} |align=center | 34 |- |[[90482 Orcus|Orcus]]<br>{{small|90482}} |bgcolor=#420001|[[File:Orcus nasa.jpg|50px]] |{{val|458|13}} |0.0719 | | | | |2.47<ref name=Carry2011>{{Cite journal | last1 = Carry | first1 = B. |display-authors=etal. | title = Integral-field spectroscopy of (90482) Orcus-Vanth | arxiv = 1108.5963| doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201117486 | journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics | volume = 534 | pages = A115 | year = 2011 | pmid = | pmc = |bibcode = 2011A&A...534A.115C }}</ref> | | |[[plutino]]; [[Vanth (muin)|binary]] |{{small|unknown}} |align=center | 35 |- |[[120347 Salacia|Salacia]]<br>{{small|120347}} |bgcolor=black| |{{val|425|23}} |0.0667 | | |0.45 ± ? | |1.16{{±|0.59|0.36}}<ref name="StansberrySalaciaTyphon"> {{cite journal |title=Physical Properties of Trans-Neptunian Binaries (120347) Salacia–Actaea and (42355) Typhon–Echidna |author=J.A. Stansberry |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103512001224 |accessdate=2012-04-27 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2012.03.029 |bibcode=2012Icar..219..676S |volume=219 |issue=2 |journal=Icarus |pages=676–688 |year=2012 }}</ref> | | |[[Classical Kuiper belt object|cubewano]]; [[Actaea (muin)|binary]] |{{small|unknown}} |align=center | 36 |- ! colspan=14 style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; padding: 6px 4px;" |Notes: :^(a)&nbsp;Name o body, includin alternative names uisin [[Roman numeral designation|Roman numerals tae designate muins]] (sic as "Jupiter I" for [[Io (muin)|Io]]), an nummers tae [[minor planet designation|designate minor planets]] :^(b)&nbsp;Mean radius includin uncertainties :^(c)&nbsp;Gien as [[surface gravity]] (1 bar for [[gaseous planet]]s) :^(d) Rankin bi radius o the lairgest bodies in the Solar Seestem, mey nae reflect the latest updates o meisurt radii :{{legend2|#FBEC5D|border=1px solid #bbb|[[star]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#d5d5d5|border=1px solid #bbb|[[giant planet]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#e6e6e6|border=1px solid #AAF3CD|[[terrestrial planet]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#B0E0E6|border=1px solid #AAF3CD|the Muin, muin o Yird}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFE8E8|border=1px solid #AAF3CD|[[muins o Jupiter|muin o Jupiter]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFFFCC|border=1px solid #E6E600|[[muins o Saturn|muin o Saturn]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#CCFFCC|border=1px solid #00FF00|[[muins o Uranus|muin o Uranus]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#DDEEFF|border=1px solid #8FC7FF|[[muins o Neptune|muin o Neptune]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#E5E5FF|border=1px solid #8FC7FF|[[muins o Pluto|muin o Pluto]]}} |} === Frae 200 tae 400 km === Aw imaged icy muins except [[Proteus (muin)|Proteus]] wi radii greater nor 200&nbsp;km are roond, awtho those unner 400&nbsp;km that hae haed thair shapes carefully meisurt are nae in hydrostatic equilibrium.<ref name=Thomas2010/>{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} Maist asteroids are rockier an less likely tae be roond; for ensaumple, [[10 Hygiea]] is nae, while [[2 Pallas]] an [[4 Vesta]] are borderline.{{fact|date=December 2016}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! style="font-weight: normal;" width=100 | '''Body'''&thinsp;^(a) ! class="unsortable"| Image ! data-sort-type="number" width=85 style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Radius'''&thinsp;^(b)<br>'''{{small|([[kilometre|km]])}}''' ! data-sort-type="number" width=65 | Mass<br>{{small|(10²⁰&nbsp;kg)}} ! data-sort-type="number" width=65 | Density<br>{{small|(g/cm³)}} ! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Teep'''&thinsp;^(c) ! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Remerks&nbsp;– Shape'''&thinsp;^(d) ! class="unsortable" style="font-weight: normal; width: 3.8em; text-align: center;" | '''Refs&thinsp;'''^(c)<br>'''{{Tooltip|r|Citation for the body's size}}{{·}}{{Tooltip|M|Citation for the body's mass}}''' |- |{{mpl|2013 FY|27}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | 265–550 |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |lairge range of estimatit diameters |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|55565|2002 AW|197}}<br>{{small|55565}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|384|20|18}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |ither TNO, [[detached object]] |– |align=center | <ref name="TNO-cool-2014"> {{Cite journal|arxiv=1403.6309|last1= Vilenius|first1= E.|title= "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region X. Analysis of classical Kuiper belt objects from Herschel and Spitzer observations|journal= Astronomy & Astrophysics|volume= 564|pages= A35 |display-authors=etal.|year= 2014|doi= 10.1051/0004-6361/201322416}}</ref>{{·}}<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" /> |- |{{mpl-|208996|2003 AZ|84}}<br>{{small|208996}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|385}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[plutino]]; [[minor-planet muin|binary]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |[[V774104]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|375|p=~}} |align=center | - |align=center | - | |– |align=center | - |- |[[174567 Varda|Varda]]<br>{{small|174567}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|358}} |align=center | {{val|2.65}} |align=center | {{val|1.25}} |cubewano; [[Ilmarë (muin)|binary]] |– |align=center | <ref name="TNO-cool-2014" />{{·}}<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" /> |- |{{mpl|2015 RR|245}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|350|p=~}} |align=center | - |align=center | - |[[resonant KBO]]&nbsp;{{small|(2:9)}} |– |align=center | - |-style="background-color: #ECFCF4;" |[[Dysnomia (muin)|Dysnomia]]<br>{{small|Eris I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|342|25}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |moon of [[Eris (dwarf planet)|Eris]] |lairge range of estimatit diameters 100–660&nbsp;km |align=center | <ref name=TNOCool4> {{Cite journal|last=Santos-Sanz |first=P. |date=2012 |title="TNOs are Cool": A Survey of the Transneptunian Region IV. Size/albedo characterization of 15 scattered disk and detached objects observed with Herschel Space Observatory-PACS |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=541 |pages=A92 |arxiv=1202.1481 |display-authors=etal |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201118541 }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|90568|2004 GV|9}}<br>{{small|90568}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|340|40}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|145452|2005 RN|43}}<br>{{small|145452}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|340|40}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|55637|2002 UX|25}}<br>{{small|55637}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|335|17}} |align=center | {{val|1.25}} |align=center | {{val|0.82}} |cubewano; [[minor-planet muin|binary]] |– |align=center | <ref name="TNO-cool-2014" />{{·}}<ref> {{Cite journal|author=M.E. Brown |title=The density of mid-sized Kuiper belt object 2002 UX25 and the formation of the dwarf planets |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=778 |issue=2 |pages=L34 |arxiv=1311.0553|date=4 November 2013 |doi=10.1088/2041-8205/778/2/L34 }}</ref> |- |{{mpl-|278361|2007 JJ|43}}<br>{{small|278361}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|335|150}}<ref name="scida2015">{{cite web | url= http://lcogt.net/files/K2SciCon/Robert_Szabo-Szabo_TNOs_web.pdf | title= Pushing the Limits of K2:Observing Trans-Neptunian Objects S3K2: Solar System Studies with K2 | access-date= 2017-08-24 | archive-date= 2016-03-05 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160305034458/http://lcogt.net/files/K2SciCon/Robert_Szabo-Szabo_TNOs_web.pdf | url-status= dead }}</ref> |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[cubewano]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |[[20000 Varuna|Varuna]]<br>{{small|20000}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|334|77|43}} |align=center | {{val|3.7}} |align=center | {{val|0.99}}<ref name=lacerda>{{Cite journal|arxiv=astro-ph/0612237|last1=Lacerda|first1=Pedro|title=Densities of Solar System Objects from their Rotational Lightcurves|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=133|issue=4|pages=1393|last2=Jewitt|first2=David|year=2006|doi=10.1086/511772}}</ref> <!-- assumed density 2.965 --> |cubewano |– |align=center | <ref name=Varunaresolved> {{cite journal |last=Lorenzi |first=V. |last2=Pinilla-Alonso |first2=N. |last3=Licandro |first3=J. P. |last4=Dalle Ore |first4=C. M. |last5=Emery |date=24 January 2014 |title=Rotationally resolved spectroscopy of (20000) Varuna in the near-infrared |arxiv=1401.5962|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |quote=cited data from: Lellouch et al., 2013, of estimated diameter of 668 (+154,−86) km |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201322251 |bibcode=2014A&A...562A..85L |volume=562 |pages=A85 }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[28978 Ixion|Ixion]]<br>{{small|28978}} |bgcolor=#404040| [[Image:Ixion planetoid nasa.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|325|130|110}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[plutino]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|229762|2007 UK|126}}<br>{{small|229762}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|300|40}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |[[19521 Chaos|Chaos]]<br>{{small|19521}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|300|70}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2010 KZ|39}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|300|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano<ref name=MPC10KZ39> {{cite web |title=2010 KZ39 |publisher=IAU Minor Planet Center |url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2010+KZ39&commit=Show |accessdate=2011-08-18 }}</ref> |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2012 VP|113}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|300|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[sednoid]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2010 RF|43}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|300|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|145451|2005 RM|43}}<br>{{small|145451}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|300|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|42301|2001 UR|163}}<br>{{small|42301}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|300|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|84522|2002 TC|302}}<br>{{small|84522}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|290|50}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[resonant KBO]]&nbsp;{{small|(2:5)}} |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2002 XV|93}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|280|10}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[plutino]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|455502|2003 UZ|413}}<br>{{small|455502}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|280|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[plutino]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2008 ST|291}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|318|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2010 RE|64}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|280|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2010 FX|86}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|280|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2006 QH|181}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|280|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|472271|2014 UM|33}}<br>{{small|472271}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|270|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2004 XR|190}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|270|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #f2f2f2;" |[[4 Vesta|Vesta]]<br>{{small|4}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Vesta full mosaic.jpg|50px]] |align=center | {{val|262.7|0.1}} |align=center | {{val|2.59}} |align=center | {{val|3.46}} |belt asteroid |formerly roond (nae in [[hydrostatic equilibrium]]: frozen-in ellipsoidal shape an lairge impact basins)<ref name="Fu 2013"> {{cite journal|last=Fu|first=R. R.|author2=Hager, B. H.; Ermakov, A.I.; Zuber, M.T.|title=Early Viscous Relaxation of Asteroid Vesta and Implications for Late Impact-Driven Despinning|journal=44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference|volume=44|date=2013|page=2115|url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/2115.pdf |bibcode=2013LPI....44.2115F}}</ref><ref name="Asmar 2012"> {{cite journal|last=Asmar|first=S. W.|author2=Konopliv, A. S.; Park, R. S.; Bills, B. G.; Gaskell, R.; Raymond, C. A.; Russell, C. T.; Smith, D. E.; Toplis, M. J.; Zuber, M. T.|title=The Gravity Field of Vesta and Implications for Interior Structure|journal=43rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference|volume=43|date=2012|page=2600|url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2012/pdf/2600.pdf |bibcode=2012LPI....43.2600A}}</ref> |align=center | <ref name=Russell2012> {{cite journal |author=Russell, C. T. |display-authors=etal |title=Dawn at Vesta: Testing the Protoplanetary Paradigm |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2012-05-11_336_6082/page/684 |journal=Science |volume=336 |issue=6082 |pages=684–686 |date=2012 |doi=10.1126/science.1219381 |pmid=22582253 |bibcode = 2012Sci...336..684R }}</ref>{{·}}<ref name=Russell2012 /> |- |{{mpl-|84922|2003 VS|2}}<br>{{small|84922}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|260|20}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[plutino]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|120348|2004 TY|364}}<br>{{small|120348}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|260|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2010 VK|201}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|260|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #f2f2f2;" |[[2 Pallas|Pallas]]<br>{{small|2}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:PallasHST2007.jpg|50px]] |align=center | {{val|256|3}}<ref name=Carry2009>{{Cite journal|title=Physical properties of (2) Pallas|journal=Icarus|volume=205|issue=2|pages=460|author=Carry, B.|date=2009|arxiv=0912.3626 |display-authors=etal|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2009.08.007}}</ref> |align=center | {{val|2.11|0.26}}<ref name="Baer2007">{{cite journal |last=Baer |first=James |author2=Steven R. Chesley |title=Astrometric masses of 21 asteroids, and an integrated asteroid ephemeris |journal=Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy |volume=100 |issue=2008 |pages=27–42 |url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/h747307j43863228/fulltext.pdf |format=PDF |doi=10.1007/s10569-007-9103-8 |accessdate=11 November 2008 |date=2008 |bibcode=2008CeMDA.100...27B |archive-date=2011-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110224014158/http://www.springerlink.com/content/h747307j43863228/fulltext.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |align=center | {{val|3.0|0.5}} |belt asteroid |uncertain |align=center | <ref name=Carry2009/> M |- style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Enceladus]]<br>{{small|Saturn II}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:PIA17202-SaturnMoon-Enceladus-ApproachingFlyby-20151028.jpg|50x50px]] |align=center | {{val|252.1|0.2}} |align=center | {{val|1.08}} |align=center | {{val|1.61}} |moon of Saturn |roond (nae in hydrostatic equilibrium: frozen-in ellipsoidal shape) |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|202421|2005 UQ|513}}<br>{{small|202421}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|250|40}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2003 QX|113}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|250|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2014 FC|69}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|250|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |– |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|119979|2002 WC|19}}<br>{{small|119979}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|245}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[twotino]]; [[minor-planet muin|binary]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|471143|2010 EK|139}}<br>{{small|471143}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|240|70}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #CCFFCC;" |[[Miranda (muin)|Miranda]]<br>{{small|Uranus V}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:PIA18185 Miranda's Icy Face.jpg|50px]] |align=center | {{val|235.8|0.7}} |align=center | {{val|0.66}} |align=center | {{val|1.2}} |moon of Uranus |roond |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|145480|2005 TB|190}}<br>{{small|145480}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|230|30}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[detached object]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|26375|1999 DE|9}} <br>{{small|26375}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|230|20}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[resonant KBO]]&nbsp;{{small|(2:5)}} |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|120132|2003 FY|128}}<br>{{small|120132}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|230|10}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |[[38628 Huya|Huya]]<br>{{small|38628}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|229|5}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[plutino]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|84719|2002 VR|128}}<br>{{small|84719}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|220|20}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[plutino]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2010 TJ|}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|220|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|445473|2010 VZ|98}}<br>{{small|445473}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|220|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2011 FW|62}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|220|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |ither TNO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #f2f2f2;" |[[10 Hygiea|Hygiea]]<br>{{small|10}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|215|4}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |belt asteroid |irregular |align=center | r{{·}}M |- style="background-color: #DDEEFF;" |[[Proteus (muin)|Proteus]]<br>{{small|Neptune VIII}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Proteus (Voyager 2).jpg|50px]] |align=center | {{val|210|7}} |align=center | {{val|0.44}} |align=center | {{val|1.3|p=~}} |moon of Neptune |irregular |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|303775|2005 QU|182}}<br>{{small|303775}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|210|40}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|444030|2004 NT|33}}<br>{{small|444030}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|210|40}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|469306|1999 CD|158}}<br>{{small|469306}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|210|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[resonant KBO]]&nbsp;{{small|(4:7)}} |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|175113|2004 PF|115}}<br>{{small|175113}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|203|43}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[plutino]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|471288|2011 GM|27}}<br>{{small|471288}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|201|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|35671|1998 SN|165}}<br>{{small|35671}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|200|20}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |cubewano |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|469372|2001 QF|298}}<br>{{small|469372}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|200|20}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |[[plutino]] |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|82075|2000 YW|134}}<br>{{small|82075}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|200|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|26181|1996 GQ|21}}<br>{{small|26181}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|200|p=~}} |align=center | – |align=center | – |SDO |– |align=center | r{{·}}M |- ! colspan=14 style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; padding: 6px 4px" | Notes: :^(a)&nbsp;Name of body, including alternative names using [[Roman numeral designation|Roman numerals to designate moons]] (such as "Saturn II" for [[Enceladus]]), and numbers to [[minor planet designation|designate minor planets]] :^(b)&nbsp;Mean radius including uncertainties :^(c,d)&nbsp;Figures from default source ''Johnston's Archive—List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects'',<ref name=johnston2011 /> if otherwise not mentioned in ''References'' Legend: :{{legend2|#e9e9e9|border=1px solid #bbb|[[belt asteroid]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFFFCC|border=1px solid #E6E600|[[moon of Saturn]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#CCFFCC|border=1px solid #00FF00|[[moon of Uranus]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#DDEEFF|border=1px solid #8FC7FF|[[moon of Neptune]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#ECFCF4|border=1px solid #AAF3CD|[[Dysnomia (muin)|Dysnomia]], moon of [[Eris (dwarf planet)|Eris]]}} :SDO – [[scattered disc]] object :cubewano – [[classical Kuiper belt object]] :[[plutino]] - trans-Neptunian object in Pluto-like orbit |} === From 100 to 200 km === This leet conteens a selection of objects estimatit tae be atween 100 an 200&nbsp;km in radius (200 an 400&nbsp;km in diameter). The lairgest of thir mey lie abuin the boundary for hydrostatic equilibrium, but maist are irregular. Most o the [[trans-Neptunian object]]s listed wi a radius smawer than 200&nbsp;km hae "''assumed sizes'' based on a ''generic'' [[Albedo#Astronomical albedo|albedo]] of 0.09" syne thay are too far away tae directly meisur thair sizes wi existin instruments. Mass switches frae 10²¹ kg tae 10¹⁸ kg (Zg). [[Main-belt asteroid]]s hae orbital elements constrained bi (2.0 AU < a < 3.2 AU; q > 1.666 AU) accordin tae JPL Solar System Dynamics (JPLSSD).<ref name="mainbelt">{{cite web |title=JPL definition of Main-belt Asteroid (MBA) |publisher=JPL Solar System Dynamics |url=http://ssd.jpl.ar.gov/sbdb_help.cgi?class=MBA |accessdate=2009-03-12 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> This leet is nae complete, missing mony poorly kent TNOs.<ref name=johnston2011 /> {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! style="font-weight: normal;" width=100 | '''Body'''^(a) ! class="unsortable"| Image ! data-sort-type="number" width=85 style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Radius'''^(b)<br>'''{{small|([[kilometre|km]])}}''' ! data-sort-type="number" width=75 | Mass<br>{{small|([[Zettagram|10¹⁸&nbsp;kg]])}} ! Type ! class="unsortable" | Remarks – Shape ! class="unsortable" style="font-weight: normal; width: 3.8em; text-align: center;" | '''Refs&thinsp;'''^(c)<br>'''{{Tooltip|r|Citation for the body's size}}'''{{·}}'''{{Tooltip|M|Citation for the body's mass}}''' |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Mimas (muin)|Mimas]]<br>{{small|Saturn I}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Mimas Cassini.jpg|50px]] |align=center | {{val|198.2|0.4}} |align=center | {{val|37.49|0.03}} |[[Moons of Saturn|satellite of Saturn]] |roond (smallest kent body currently kent tae hae an ellipsoidal<br>shape, but nae in hydrostatic equilibrium) |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Vanth (muin)|Vanth]]<br>{{small|Orcus I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|190|50}} |align=center | |satellite of [[90482 Orcus|Orcus]] |– |align=center |<ref name="Carry2011"/>{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2010 TY|53}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|183|p=~}} |align=center | |extendit [[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Ilmarë (muin)|Ilmarë]]<br>{{small|Varda I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|180|20}} |align=center | |satellite of [[174567 Varda|Varda]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|15874|1996 TL|66}}<br>{{small|15874}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|170|10}} |align=center | |[[Scattered disc|SDO]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #DDEEFF;" |[[Nereid (muin)|Nereid]]<br>{{small|Neptune II}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Nereid-Voyager2.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|170|30}} |align=center | |[[Moons of Neptune|satellite of Neptune]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|230965|2004 XA|192}}<br>{{small|230965}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|170|60}} |align=center | |[[Scattered disc|SDO]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|82158|2001 FP|185}}<br>{{small|82158}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|166|28}} |align=center | |[[Scattered disc|SDO]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[704 Interamnia|Interamnia]]<br>{{small|704}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|163|1}} |align=center | {{val|37}} |belt asteroid {{small|(F)}} |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #EDCF7D;" |[[Hi'iaka (muin)|Hiʻiaka]]<br>{{small|Haumea I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|160}} |align=center | {{val|20}} |[[Moons of Haumea|satellite of Haumea]] |– |align=center |<ref name="RagozzineBrown2009">{{cite journal| doi = 10.1088/0004-6256/137/6/4766| last1 = Ragozzine| first1 = D.| last2 = Brown| first2 = M. E.| year = 2009| title = Orbits and Masses of the Satellites of the Dwarf Planet Haumea (2003 EL61)| journal = The Astronomical Journal| volume = 137| issue = 6| pages = 4766–4776| pmid = | pmc = | arxiv = 0903.4213| bibcode = 2009AJ....137.4766R| ref = harv}}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[2007 OR10#Satellite|S/(225088) 1]]<br>{{small|2007 OR10 I}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Moon Around the Dwarf Planet 2007 OR10.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|160|p=~}} |align=center | |satellite of [[2007 OR10]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|119951|2002 KX|14}}<br>{{small|119951}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|159}} |align=center | |[[cubewano]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[52 Europa|Europa]]<br>{{small|52}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|158|4}} |align=center | {{val|16.5}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |irregular shape<ref name="Kaasalainen2002">{{cite journal| author=M. Kaasalainen| title=Models of Twenty Asteroids from Photometric Data| journal=Icarus| volume=159| issue=2| pages=369–395| date=2002| format=PDF| url=http://www.rni.helsinki.fi/~mjk/IcarPIII.pdf| doi=10.1006/icar.2002.6907| accessdate=2009-06-23| bibcode=2002Icar..159..369K| archive-date=2008-02-16| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216072340/http://www.rni.helsinki.fi/~mjk/IcarPIII.pdf| url-status=dead}}</ref> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|1995 SN|55}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|150|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Lost minor planet|Lost]]—[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] or transient TNO |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[511 Davida|Davida]]<br>{{small|511}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|145|10}} |align=center | {{val|43.8}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[87 Sylvia|Sylvia]]<br>{{small|87}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|143|5}} |align=center | {{val|14.78}} |belt asteroid (outer) {{small|(X)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|trinary]] |irregular shape<ref name="Kaasalainen2002" /> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Actaea (muin)|Actaea]]<br>{{small|Salacia I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|140|10}} |align=center | |satellite of [[120347 Salacia]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[65 Cybele|Cybele]]<br>{{small|65}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|136|6}} |align=center | {{val|17.8}} |belt asteroid (outer) {{small|(C)}} |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[3 Juno|Juno]]<br>{{small|3}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Juno 4 wavelengths.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|136|11}} |align=center | {{val|26.7}} |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |irregular shape<ref name="Kaasalainen2002" /> |align=center |<ref name="mit.edu">{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.005|url=http://www.mit.edu/people/lucylim/2005_Icarus_LimMcConnochie_Thermal_infrared_8-13_micron_spectra.pdf|title=Thermal infrared (8?13 ?m) spectra of 29 asteroids: The Cornell Mid-Infrared Asteroid Spectroscopy (MIDAS) Survey|journal=Icarus|volume=173|issue=2|pages=385|year=2005|last1=Lim|first1=L|last2=McConnochie|first2=T|last3=Belliii|first3=J|last4=Hayward|first4=T|bibcode=2005Icar..173..385L|access-date=2017-08-24|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232808/http://www.mit.edu/people/lucylim/2005_Icarus_LimMcConnochie_Thermal_infrared_8-13_micron_spectra.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Hyperion (muin)|Hyperion]]<br>{{small|Saturn VII}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Hyperion true.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|135|4}} |align=center | {{val|5.58}} |[[Moons of Saturn|satellite of Saturn]] |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[15 Eunomia|Eunomia]]<br>{{small|15}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|134|7}} |align=center | 31.2 |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |irregular shape<ref name="Kaasalainen2002" /> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[107 Camilla|Camilla]]<br>{{small|107}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|129|7}} |align=center | 11.2 |belt asteroid (outer) {{small|(C)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |irregular shape<ref name="TorKaaMic03">{{cite journal| author= J. Torppa| title= ''Shapes and rotational properties of thirty asteroids from photometric data''| journal= Icarus| date= 2003| volume= 164| pages= 346–383| url= http://www.rni.helsinki.fi/~mjk/thirty.pdf| format= PDF| doi= 10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00146-5| issue= 2| bibcode= 2003Icar..164..346T| display-authors= etal.| access-date= 2017-08-24| archive-date= 2015-11-06| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151106103549/http://www.rni.helsinki.fi/~mjk/thirty.pdf| url-status= dead}}</ref> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[31 Euphrosyne|Euphrosyne]]<br>{{small|31}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|128|3}} |align=center | 6.23 |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[16 Psyche|Psyche]]<br>{{small|16}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|127|2}} |align=center | 21.9 |belt asteroid {{small|(M)}} |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|145453|2005 RR|43}}<br>{{small|145453}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|126}} |align=center | |[[Classical Kuiper belt object|cubewano]]; [[Haumea family]] |– |align=center |<ref name=CarrySnodgrass2012> {{cite journal |last=Carry |first=Benoit |last2=Snodgrass |first2=Colin |last3=Lacerda |first3=Pedro |last4=Hainaut |first4=Olivier |last5=Dumas |first5=Christophe |date=16 July 2012 |title=Characterisation of candidate members of (136108) Haumea's family: II. Follow-up observations |url=http://benoit.carry.free.fr/science/article/2012-AA-544-Carry.pdf |journal=[[Astronomy & Astrophysics]] |volume=544 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201219044 |arxiv=1207.6491 |accessdate=8 June 2014 |bibcode=2012A&A...544A.137C |pages=A137 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107172122/http://benoit.carry.free.fr/science/article/2012-AA-544-Carry.pdf |archivedate=7 November 2014 |df= }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[79360 Sila–Nunam|Sila]]<br>{{small|79360}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|125|15|16}} |align=center | 11 |[[Classical Kuiper belt object|cubewano]]; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] w/ Nunam |dooble classical Kuiper belt object ''[[79360 Sila–Nunam]]'' |align=center |<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" />{{·}}M |- |[[10199 Chariklo|Chariklo]]<br>{{small|10199}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|124|9}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |[[rings of Chariklo|haes rings]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl-|309239|2007 RW|10}}<br>{{small|309239}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|124|15}} |align=center | |TNO—[[quasi-satellite]] of Neptune |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[79360 Sila–Nunam|Nunam]]<br>{{small|79360}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|118|14|15}} |align=center | |[[Classical Kuiper belt object|cubewano]]; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] w/ Sila |dooble classical Kuiper belt object ''[[79360 Sila–Nunam]]'' |align=center |<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" />{{·}}M |- |[[324 Bamberga|Bamberga]]<br>{{small|324}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|117|4}} |align=center | 10 |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} | |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[451 Patientia|Patientia]]<br>{{small|451}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|117|5}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2001 QC|298}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|117|11|-12}} |align=center | {{val|11.88|0.14}} |het [[Classical Kuiper belt object|classical]]; binary |– |align=center |<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" />{{·}}M |- |[[2060 Chiron|Chiron]]<br>{{small|2060 ''or'' 95P/Chiron}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|116|7}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |[[Rings of Chiron|haes rings]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[88 Thisbe|Thisbe]]<br>{{small|88}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|113|6}} |align=center | 10.5 |belt asteroid {{small|(B)}} |irregular shape<ref name="TorKaaMic03" /> |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[624 Hektor|Hektor]]<br>{{small|624}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|113|8}} |align=center | 10 |Jupiter trojan ({{L4}}); [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[65489 Ceto|Ceto]]<br>{{small|65489}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|112|10}} |align=center | 5.4 |extendit [[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]]; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}<ref name="Grundy2007" /> |- |[[532 Herculina|Herculina]]<br>{{small|532}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|111|2}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |irregular shape<ref name="Kaasalainen2002" /> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[48 Doris|Doris]]<br>{{small|48}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|111|4}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[45 Eugenia|Eugenia]]<br>{{small|45}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|107|2}} |align=center | 5.69 |belt asteroid {{small|(F)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|trinary]] |irregular shape<ref name="Kaasalainen2002" /> |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Phoebe (muin)|Phoebe]]<br>{{small|Saturn IX}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Phoebe cassini.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|106.5|0.7}} |align=center | {{val|8.29|0.01}} |[[Moons of Saturn|satellite of Saturn]] |formerly roond<ref>JPL/NASA, 2012 Apr 26. [http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/newsreleases/newsrelease20120426/ Cassini Finds Saturn Moon Has Planet-Like Qualities] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713125236/http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/newsreleases/newsrelease20120426/ |date=2015-07-13 }}</ref> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[29 Amphitrite|Amphitrite]]<br>{{small|29}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|106|3}} |align=center | 11.8 |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |irregular shape<ref name="Kaasalainen2002" /> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[54598 Bienor|Bienor]]<br>{{small|54598}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|105|15}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[53311 Deucalion|Deucalion]]<br>{{small|53311}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|105|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Classical Kuiper belt object|cubewano]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[423 Diotima|Diotima]]<br>{{small|423}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|104|3}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |irregular shape<ref name=Durkaa>{{Cite journal |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20066347 |url=http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2007/13/aa6347-06.pdf|title=Physical models of ten asteroids from an observers' collaboration network|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=465|pages=331|year=2007|last1=Ďurech|first1=J.|display-authors=etal.|bibcode=2007A&A...465..331D}}</ref> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[13 Egeria|Egeria]]<br>{{small|13}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|104|4}} |align=center | 16.3 |belt asteroid {{small|(G)}} |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[19 Fortuna|Fortuna]]<br>{{small|19}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|104|6}} |align=center | 12.7 |belt asteroid {{small|(G)}} |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[94 Aurora|Aurora]]<br>{{small|94}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|102|2}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |irregular shape<ref name=planocc>{{cite web|url=http://occsec.wellington.net.nz/planet/2001/plnres01.htm#Aurora|title=Planetary occultations: 2001 results|publisher=|access-date=2017-08-24|archive-date=2012-06-05|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/68CZvqe2h?url=http://occsec.wellington.net.nz/planet/2001/plnres01.htm#Aurora|url-status=dead}}</ref> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[7 Iris|Iris]]<br>{{small|7}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|100|5}} |align=center | 13.6 |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[41 Daphne|Daphne]]<br>{{small|41}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|100|5}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |irregular shape |align=center |r{{·}}M |- | [[24 Themis|Themis]]<br>{{small|24}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|100|10}} |align=center | 11.3 |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}}; [[Themis family]] |– |align=center |r{{·}}M |- ! colspan=7 style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; padding: 6px 4px" | Notes: :^(a)&nbsp;Name of body, including alternative names using [[Roman numeral designation|Roman numerals to designate moons]] (such as "Saturn I" for [[Mimas (muin)|Mimas]]), and numbers to [[minor planet designation|designate minor planets]] :^(b)&nbsp;Mean radius including uncertainties :^(c)&nbsp;Reference column specifically for radius (r) and mass (M) citations Legend: :{{legend2|#FFE5FF|border=1px solid #FF99FF|[[Jupiter trojan]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFFFCC|border=1px solid #E6E600|[[moon of Saturn]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#DDEEFF|border=1px solid #8FC7FF|[[moon of Neptune]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#EDCF7D|border=1px solid #CE9F1C|[[moon of Haumea]]}} :{{legend2|#fafafa|border=1px solid #ccc|[[belt asteroid]]—types: [[B-type asteroids|B]]{{·}}[[C-type asteroids|C]]{{·}}[[F-type asteroids|F]]{{·}}[[G-type asteroids|G]]{{·}}[[M-type asteroids|M]]{{·}}[[S-type asteroids|S]]{{·}}[[X-type asteroids|X]]}} |} === From 50 to 100 km === This leet conteens a selection of objects 50 an 100&nbsp;km in radius (100&nbsp;km tae 200&nbsp;km in average diameter). The listed objects currently include maist objects in the [[asteroid belt]] an moons o the [[giant planet]]s in this size range, but mony newly discovered objects in the outer Solar System are missing, sic as those included in the follaein reference.<ref name=johnston2011 /> [[Asteroid spectral types]] are maistly Tholen, but some might be SMASS. {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !style="font-weight: normal;" width=105 | '''Body'''^(a) !class="unsortable"| Image ! data-sort-type="number" width=85 style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Radius'''^(b)<br>'''{{small|([[kilometre|km]])}}''' !data-sort-type="number" width=65 | Mass<br>{{small|([[Zettagram|10¹⁸&nbsp;kg]])}} !Type – Remarks |- |[[702 Alauda|Alauda]]<br>{{small|702}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|97|2}} |align=center | {{val|6.05}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |-style="background-color: #DDEEFF;" |[[Larissa (muin)|Larissa]]<br>{{small|Neptune VII}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Larissa 1.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|97|3}} |align=center | |moon of Neptune |- |[[375 Ursula|Ursula]]<br>{{small|375}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|96|2}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |{{mpl|2001 QC|298}} I |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|96|9|-10}}<ref name="TNO-cool-2014"/> |align=center | |satellite of {{mp|2001 QC|298}} |- |[[121 Hermione|Hermione]]<br>{{small|121}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:121Hermione (Lightcurve Inversion).png|50px]] |align=center | {{val|95}}<ref name=MarKaaHom06>{{cite journal|author=F. Marchis|display-authors=etal|title=Shape, size and multiplicity of main-belt asteroids I. Keck Adaptive Optics survey|journal=Icarus|volume=185|pages=39–63|date=2006|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.001|pmid=19081813|issue=1|pmc=2600456|bibcode=2006Icar..185...39M}}</ref> |align=center | {{val|5.38}} |outer belt asteroid {{small|(C)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |- |[[372 Palma|Palma]]<br>{{small|372}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|96|2}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[9 Metis|Metis]]<br>{{small|9}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|95}} |align=center | {{val|11.3}} |belt asteroid |- |[[128 Nemesis|Nemesis]]<br>{{small|128}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|92|3}} |align=center | {{val|7}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[6 Hebe|Hebe]]<br>{{small|6}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|93}} |align=center | {{val|12.8}} |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[5145 Pholus|Pholus]]<br>{{small|5145}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|92|8}} |align=center | {{val|6.6}} |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |- |[[154 Bertha|Bertha]]<br>{{small|154}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|93|1}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[76 Freia|Freia]]<br>{{small|76}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|92|2}} |align=center | {{val|6.5}} |outer belt asteroid; [[Cybele asteroid|Cybele]] |- |[[130 Elektra|Elektra]]<br>{{small|130}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|91|6}} |align=center | {{val|6.6}} |belt asteroid {{small|(G)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |- |[[38083 Rhadamanthus|Rhadamanthus]]<br>{{small|38083}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|100.5}} |align=center | |<ref name=johnston2011 /> {{mp|1999 HX|11}}; [[plutino]]? |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Janus (muin)|Janus]]<br>{{small|Saturn X}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:PIA12714 Janus crop.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|89.5|1.4}} |align=center | {{val|1.912}} |moon of Saturn |- |[[259 Aletheia|Aletheia]]<br>{{small|259}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|95|3}} |align=center | {{val|5.97}} |belt asteroid |-style="background-color: #DDEEFF;" |[[Galatea (muin)|Galatea]]<br>{{small|Neptune VI}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Galatea moon.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|88|4}} |align=center | {{val|2.12}} |moon of Neptune |- |[[88611 Teharonhiawako|Teharonhiawako]]<br>{{small|88611}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|89|16|18}} |align=center | |<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" /> [[trans-Neptunian object]]; [[cubewano]]; primary of [[Sawiskera (muin)|Sawiskera]] |- |[[42355 Typhon|Typhon]]<br>{{small|42355}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|81|4}} |align=center | |[[trans-Neptunian object]]; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |- |[[120 Lachesis|Lachesis]]<br>{{small|120}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|87}} |align=center | {{val|5.5}} |belt asteroid |- |[[747 Winchester|Winchester]]<br>{{small|747}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|85|3}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[153 Hilda|Hilda]]<br>{{small|153}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|85}} |align=center | {{val|5.2}} |belt asteroid; [[Hilda asteroids|Hildas]] |-style="background-color: #EDCF7D;" |[[Namaka (muin)|Namaka]]<br>{{small|Haumea II}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|85|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2}} |moon of Haumea |-style="background-color: #CCFFCC;" |[[Puck (muin)|Puck]]<br>{{small|Uranus XV}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Puck, moon of Uranus (1986).png|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|81|2}}<ref name=UranusVoyager>{{cite journal| doi = 10.1006/icar.2001.6597| last = Karkoschka| first = Erich| authorlink = Erich Karkoschka| year = 2001| title = Voyager's Eleventh Discovery of a Satellite of Uranus and Photometry and the First Size Measurements of Nine Satellites| journal = Icarus| volume = 151| issue = 1| pages = 69–77| bibcode = 2001Icar..151...69K| ref = {{sfnRef|Karkoschka, Voyager|2001}}}}</ref> |align=center | |moon of Uranus |- |[[96 Aegle|Aegle]]<br>{{small|96}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|84|3}} |align=center | {{val|5.1}} |belt asteroid |- |[[241 Germania|Germania]]<br>{{small|241}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|89|4}} |align=center | {{val|5.05}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[194 Prokne|Prokne]]<br>{{small|194}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|85|3}} |align=center | {{val|5}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[566 Stereoskopia|Stereoskopia]]<br>{{small|566}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|84}}<ref name=jpldata> {{cite web |type=2010-06-24 last obs |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 566 Stereoskopia (1905 QO) |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=566 |accessdate=2010-09-05 }}</ref> |align=center | |outer belt asteroid; [[Cybele asteroid|Cybele]] |-style="background-color: #FFE8E8;" |[[Amalthea (muin)|Amalthea]]<br>{{small|Jupiter V}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Amalthea (moon).png|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|84|2}} |align=center | {{val|2.08|0.15}} |moon of Jupiter |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[911 Agamemnon|Agamemnon]]<br>{{small|911}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|83}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |- |[[22 Kalliope|Kalliope]]<br>{{small|22}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|90|2}} |align=center | {{val|8.09}} |belt asteroid {{small|(M)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |- |[[66652 Borasisi|Borasisi]]<br>{{small|66652}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|81.5|16|33}} |align=center | |<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" /> [[trans-Neptunian object]]; [[cubewano]]; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |- |[[386 Siegena|Siegena]]<br>{{small|386}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|85|4}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[59 Elpis|Elpis]]<br>{{small|59}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|82|3}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[1437 Diomedes|Diomedes]]<br>{{small|1437}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|82|2}} |align=center | {{val|4.6}} |Jupiter trojan |- |[[444 Gyptis|Gyptis]]<br>{{small|444}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|82|5}} |align=center | {{val|12.5}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[409 Aspasia|Aspasia]]<br>{{small|409}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|88|2}} |align=center | {{val|4.42}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[209 Dido|Dido]]<br>{{small|209}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|5}} |align=center | {{val|4.28}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[334 Chicago|Chicago]]<br>{{small|334}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|84|4}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[804 Hispania|Hispania]]<br>{{small|804}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|74|2}} |align=center | {{val|9.95}} |belt asteroid {{small|(P)}} |- |[[185 Eunike|Eunike]]<br>{{small|185}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|80|3}} |align=center | {{val|4.09}} |belt asteroid |- |[[139 Juewa|Juewa]]<br>{{small|139}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|81|4}} |align=center | {{val|4}} |belt asteroid |- |-style="background-color: #BB8899;" |[[S/2015 (136472) 1]]<br>{{small|Makemake I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|80}} |align=center | |moon of Makemake |- |[[85 Io|Io]]<br>{{small|85}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|80}} |align=center | {{val|3.4}} |belt asteroid |- |[[165 Loreley|Loreley]]<br>{{small|165}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|82|4}} |align=center | {{val|3.91}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[790 Pretoria|Pretoria]]<br>{{small|790}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|80.49}}<ref name="Carry2012" /> |align=center | |outer belt asteroid; [[Cybele asteroid|Cybele]] |- |[[173 Ino|Ino]]<br>{{small|173}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|80|3}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[148780 Altjira|Altjira]]<br>{{small|148780}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|123|19|70}} |align=center | |<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" /> [[trans-Neptunian object]]; [[cubewano]]; binary; seicontar [[S/2007 (148780) 1]] |- |[[354 Eleonora|Eleonora]]<br>{{small|354}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|77|3}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[39 Laetitia|Laetitia]]<br>{{small|39}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|76.9}}<ref name="Carry2012"> {{Citation |first1 = B. |last1 = Carry |title = Density of asteroids |work = Planetary and Space Science |volume = 73 |pages = 98–118 |date=December 2012 |doi = 10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.009 |bibcode = 2012P&SS...73...98C |postscript= . |arxiv = 1203.4336 }} See Table 1.</ref> |align=center | {{val|3.5}} |belt asteroid |- |[[14 Irene|Irene]]<br>{{small|14}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|76}} |align=center | {{val|8.2}} |belt asteroid |- |[[89 Julia|Julia]]<br>{{small|89}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|74|4}} |align=center | {{val|3.6}} |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[536 Merapi|Merapi]]<br>{{small|536}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|76|2}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[776 Berbericia|Berbericia]]<br>{{small|776}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|76|2}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[145 Adeona|Adeona]]<br>{{small|145}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|75|3}} |align=center | {{val|3.6}} |belt asteroid; [[Adeona family|Adena]] |- |[[150 Nuwa|Nuwa]]<br>{{small|150}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|73|5}} |align=center | {{val|3.62}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |-style="background-color: #DDEEFF;" |[[Despina (muin)|Despina]]<br>{{small|Neptune V}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Despina.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|75|3}} |align=center | |moon of Neptune |-style="background-color: #CCFFCC;" |[[Sycorax (muin)|Sycorax]]<br>{{small|Uranus XVII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|75|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.3}} |moon of Uranus |- |[[385446 Manwë|Manwë]]<br>{{small|385446}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|75|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Resonant Kuiper belt object|resonant KBO]] (4:7) |- |[[49 Pales|Pales]]<br>{{small|49}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|74.9}}<ref name="SIMPS"> {{cite web |url=http://www.psi.edu/pds/resource/imps.html |author=Tedesco |display-authors=etal |title=Supplemental IRAS Minor Planet Survey (SIMPS) |accessdate=December 29, 2008 |work=IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0 |publisher=[[Planetary Data System]] |date=2004 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5mqp8r4gD?url=http://www.psi.edu/pds/resource/imps.html |archivedate=January 17, 2010 |df= }}</ref> |align=center | {{val|2.69}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[S/2007 (148780) 1]]<br>{{small|Altjira I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|111|17|63}} |align=center | [[trans-Neptunian object]]; [[cubewano]]; binary |<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" /> Seicontar of [[148780 Altjira]] |- |[[117 Lomia|Lomia]]<br>{{small|117}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|3.4}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[238 Hypatia|Hypatia]]<br>{{small|238}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[168 Sibylla|Sibylla]]<br>{{small|168}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|3.42}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[283 Emma|Emma]]<br>{{small|283}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.38}} |belt asteroid; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |- |[[51 Nemausa|Nemausa]]<br>{{small|51}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[106 Dione|Dione]]<br>{{small|106}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(G)}} |- |[[137 Meliboea|Meliboea]]<br>{{small|137}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|3.2}} |belt asteroid |- |[[20 Massalia|Massalia]]<br>{{small|20}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|5.67}} |belt asteroid |- |[[211 Isolda|Isolda]]<br>{{small|211}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|3.07}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[1172 Äneas|Äneas]]<br>{{small|1172}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |- |[[144 Vibilia|Vibilia]]<br>{{small|144}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|3}} |belt asteroid |- |[[508 Princetonia|Princetonia]]<br>{{small|508}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[895 Helio|Helio]]<br>{{small|895}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(B)}} |- |[[361 Bononia|Bononia]]<br>{{small|361}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(D)}} |- |[[420 Bertholda|Bertholda]]<br>{{small|420}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(P)}} |- |[[93 Minerva|Minerva]]<br>{{small|93}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.9}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|trinary]] |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[617 Patroclus|Patroclus]]<br>{{small|617}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |- |[[308 Polyxo|Polyxo]]<br>{{small|308}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(T)}} |- |[[18 Melpomene|Melpomene]]<br>{{small|18}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|3}} |belt asteroid |- |[[268 Adorea|Adorea]]<br>{{small|268}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[349 Dembowska|Dembowska]]<br>{{small|349}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(R)}} |- |[[489 Comacina|Comacina]]<br>{{small|489}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[69 Hesperia|Hesperia]]<br>{{small|69}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.76}} |belt asteroid {{small|(M)}} |- |[[54 Alexandra|Alexandra]]<br>{{small|54}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[762 Pulcova|Pulcova]]<br>{{small|762}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|binary]] |- | [[Pabu (muin)|Pabu]]<br>{{small|Borasisi I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |Seicontar of [[66652 Borasisi]] |- |[[196 Philomela|Philomela]]<br>{{small|196}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[212 Medea|Medea]]<br>{{small|212}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.64}} |belt asteroid |- |[[95 Arethusa|Arethusa]]<br>{{small|95}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.6}} |belt asteroid |-style="background-color: #CCFFCC;" |[[Portia (muin)|Portia]]<br>{{small|Uranus XII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|68|4}} |align=center | {{val|1.7}} |moon of Uranus |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[588 Achilles|Achilles]]<br>{{small|588}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |- |[[690 Wratislavia|Wratislavia]]<br>{{small|690}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[111 Ate|Ate]]<br>{{small|111}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[247 Eukrate|Eukrate]]<br>{{small|247}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[705 Erminia|Erminia]]<br>{{small|705}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[471 Papagena|Papagena]]<br>{{small|471}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[Phorcys (muin)|Phorcys]]<br><{{small|Ceto I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|86|5}} |align=center | {{val|1.67}}<ref name="Grundy2007"> {{cite journal |last=Grundy |first=W.M. |author2=Stansberry, J.A. |author3=Noll K.S. |author4=Stephens, D.C. |display-authors= etal |title=The orbit, mass, size, albedo, and density of (65489) Ceto/Phorcys: A tidally-evolved binary Centaur |journal=Icarus |date=2007 |arxiv=0704.1523 |bibcode = 2007Icar..191..286G |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.04.004 |volume=191 |pages=286–297 }}</ref> |[[Satellite]] of [[65489 Ceto]] |- |[[147 Protogeneia|Protogeneia]]<br>{{small|147}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.5}} |belt asteroid |- |[[Menoetius (muin)|Menoetius]]<br>{{small|Patroclus I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |Seicontar of [[617 Patroclus]] |- |[[344 Desiderata|Desiderata]]<br>{{small|344}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[146 Lucina|Lucina]]<br>{{small|146}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.4}} |belt asteroid |- |[[141 Lumen|Lumen]]<br>{{small|141}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.6}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[356 Liguria|Liguria]]<br>{{small|356}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[11 Parthenope|Parthenope]]<br>{{small|11}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|6.15}} |belt asteroid |- |[[187 Lamberta|Lamberta]]<br>{{small|187}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|70|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.37}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |{{mpl-|15760|1992 QB|1}}<br>{{small|15760}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | 54-84 |align=center | |[[cubewano]] |-style="background-color: #FFE8E8;" |[[Himalia (muin)|Himalia]]<br>{{small|Jupiter VI}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Cassini-Huygens Image of Himalia.png|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|67|10}}<ref name="Porco2003"> {{cite journal | last = Porco | first = Carolyn C. |display-authors=etal | title = Cassini Imaging of Jupiter's Atmosphere, Satellites, and Rings | url = http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul_Helfenstein/publication/10867818_Cassini_imaging_of_Jupiter's_atmosphere_satellites_and_rings/links/09e4150ca3aa7f043a000000.pdf | journal = Science | volume = 299 |date=March 2003 | pages = 1541–1547 | doi = 10.1126/science.1079462 | pmid = 12624258 | issue = 5612 | bibcode = 2003Sci...299.1541P }}</ref> |align=center | {{val|4.19}}<ref name="Emelyanov2005"> {{cite journal |last=Emelyanov |first=N.V. |author2= Archinal, B. A. |author3=A’hearn, M. F. |display-authors=etal |title=The mass of Himalia from the perturbations on other satellites |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume=438 |issue=3 |pages=L33–L36 |date=2005 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:200500143|bibcode=2005A&A...438L..33E }}</ref> |moon of Jupiter—[[Himalia group]] |- |[[419 Aurelia|Aurelia]]<br>{{small|419}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(F)}} |- |[[200 Dynamene|Dynamene]]<br>{{small|200}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[8 Flora|Flora]]<br>{{small|8}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:8Flora (Lightcurve Inversion).png|50px]] |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|8.47}} |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}}; [[Flora family|Flora]] |- |[[712 Boliviana|Boliviana]]<br>{{small|712}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(X)}} |- |[[654 Zelinda|Zelinda]]<br>{{small|654}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[426 Hippo|Hippo]]<br>{{small|426}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[47 Aglaja|Aglaja]]<br>{{small|47}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[279 Thule|Thule]]<br>{{small|279}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(D)}} |- |[[92 Undina|Undina]]<br>{{small|92}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.1}} |belt asteroid {{small|(M)}} |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[1173 Anchises|Anchises]]<br>{{small|1173}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[1143 Odysseus|Odysseus]]<br>{{small|1143}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan ({{L4}}) |- |[[469 Argentina|Argentina]]<br>{{small|469}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid; [[Cybele asteroid|Cybele]] |- |[[159 Aemilia|Aemilia]]<br>{{small|159}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.4}} |belt asteroid |- |[[405 Thia|Thia]]<br>{{small|405}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[602 Marianna|Marianna]]<br>{{small|602}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[46 Hestia|Hestia]]<br>{{small|46}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|3.5}}<ref name="Michalak2001">{{cite journal |last=Michalak |first=G. |title=Determination of asteroid masses |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=374 |issue=2 |pages=703–711 |date=2001 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20010731 |url=http://www.aanda.org/index.php?option=article&access=standard&Itemid=129&url=/articles/aa/abs/2001/29/aa10228/aa10228.html |accessdate=2008-11-10 |bibcode=2001A&A...374..703M }}{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>–21<ref name="Bange1997">{{cite journal |last=Bange |first=J.F |author2=A. Bec-Borsenberger |title=DETERMINATION OF THE MASSES OF MINOR PLANETS |page=169 |date=1997 |url=http://www.rssd.esa.int/Hipparcos/venice-proc/poster02_22.pdf |accessdate=2008-11-10 }}</ref> |belt asteroid |- |[[216 Kleopatra|Kleopatra]]<br>{{small|216}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Kleopatra.jpg|50px]] |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(M)}}; [[Minor-planet muin|trinary]] |- |[[104 Klymene|Klymene]]<br>{{small|104}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2}} |belt asteroid |- |[[410 Chloris|Chloris]]<br>{{small|410}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[134 Sophrosyne|Sophrosyne]]<br>{{small|134}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2}} |belt asteroid |- |[[328 Gudrun|Gudrun]]<br>{{small|328}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.94}} |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[1867 Deiphobus|Deiphobus]]<br>{{small|1867}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |- |[[68 Leto|Leto]]<br>{{small|68}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[70 Panopaea|Panopaea]]<br>{{small|70}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[Sawiskera (muin)|Sawiskera]]<br>{{small|Teharonhiawako I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|65|12|13}} |align=center | |<ref name="TNO-cool-2014" /> Seicontar of [[88611 Teharonhiawako]] |- |[[127 Johanna|Johanna]]<br>{{small|127}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[276 Adelheid|Adelheid]]<br>{{small|276}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[176 Iduna|Iduna]]<br>{{small|176}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(G)}} |- |[[156 Xanthippe|Xanthippe]]<br>{{small|156}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[28 Bellona|Bellona]]<br>{{small|28}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[86 Semele|Semele]]<br>{{small|86}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[78 Diana|Diana]]<br>{{small|78}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[381 Myrrha|Myrrha]]<br>{{small|381}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[225 Henrietta|Henrietta]]<br>{{small|225}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.83}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}}; [[Cybele asteroid|Cybele]] |- |[[618 Elfriede|Elfriede]]<br>{{small|618}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[105 Artemis|Artemis]]<br>{{small|105}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.8}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[81 Terpsichore|Terpsichore]]<br>{{small|81}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[5 Astraea|Astraea]]<br>{{small|5}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2.9}} |belt asteroid |- |[[74 Galatea|Galatea]]<br>{{small|74}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.8}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[350 Ornamenta|Ornamenta]]<br>{{small|350}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[772 Tanete|Tanete]]<br>{{small|772}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[476 Hedwig|Hedwig]]<br>{{small|476}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[1093 Freda|Freda]]<br>{{small|1093}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[171 Ophelia|Ophelia]]<br>{{small|171}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}}; [[Themis family|Themis]] |- |[[909 Ulla|Ulla]]<br>{{small|909}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[3317 Paris|Paris]]<br>{{small|3317}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |- |[[203 Pompeja|Pompeja]]<br>{{small|203}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[3063 Makhaon|Makhaon]]<br>{{small|3063}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.6}} |Jupiter trojan |- |{{mpl-|308933|2006 SQ|372}}<br>{{small|308933}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |[[trans-Neptunian object]] |- |[[38 Leda|Leda]]<br>{{small|38}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.6}} |belt asteroid |- |[[360 Carlova|Carlova]]<br>{{small|360}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[521 Brixia|Brixia]]<br>{{small|521}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[490 Veritas|Veritas]]<br>{{small|490}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid; [[Veritas family]] |- |[[466 Tisiphone|Tisiphone]]<br>{{small|466}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[53 Kalypso|Kalypso]]<br>{{small|53}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[2241 Alcathous|Alcathous]]<br>{{small|2241}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |- |[[388 Charybdis|Charybdis]]<br>{{small|388}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[34 Circe|Circe]]<br>{{small|34}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.5}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Epimetheus (muin)|Epimetheus]]<br>{{small|Saturn XI}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:PIA09813 Epimetheus S. polar region.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center | {{val|58|2}} |align=center | {{val|0.5304}}<ref name="Spitale2006">{{cite journal|author=Spitale, J. N. |display-authors=etal |title=''The orbits of Saturn's small satellites derived from combined historic and ''Cassini'' imaging observations'' |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=2006 |volume=132 |issue=2 |pages=692–710 |url=http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1538-3881/132/2/692/205235.html |doi=10.1086/505206 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRXnoO8Q?url=http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1538-3881/132/2/692/205235.html |archivedate=2011-02-12 |url-status=live |bibcode=2006AJ....132..692S |df= }}</ref> |moon of Saturn |- |[[596 Scheila|Scheila]]<br>{{small|596}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[56 Melete|Melete]]<br>{{small|56}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.5}} |belt asteroid |- |[[129 Antigone|Antigone]]<br>{{small|129}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|2}} |belt asteroid; nickel–iron |- |[[12 Victoria|Victoria]]<br>{{small|12}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[57 Mnemosyne|Mnemosyne]]<br>{{small|57}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[545 Messalina|Messalina]]<br>{{small|545}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[2797 Teucer|Teucer]]<br>{{small|2797}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan ({{L4}}) |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[2920 Automedon|Automedon]]<br>{{small|2920}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|60|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan ({{L4}}) |- |[[91 Aegina|Aegina]]<br>{{small|91}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.4}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[140 Siwa|Siwa]]<br>{{small|140}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.4}} |belt asteroid |- |[[814 Tauris|Tauris]]<br>{{small|814}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[595 Polyxena|Polyxena]]<br>{{small|595}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[230 Athamantis|Athamantis]]<br>{{small|230}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[659 Nestor|Nestor]]<br>{{small|659}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |- |[[37 Fides|Fides]]<br>{{small|37}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.3}} |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[514 Armida|Armida]]<br>{{small|514}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[23 Thalia|Thalia]]<br>{{small|23}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.3}} |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[739 Mandeville|Mandeville]]<br>{{small|739}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(X)}} |- |[[40 Harmonia|Harmonia]]<br>{{small|40}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.3}} |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[181 Eucharis|Eucharis]]<br>{{small|181}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.2}} |belt asteroid {{small|(K)}} |- |[[346 Hermentaria|Hermentaria]]<br>{{small|346}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[357 Ninina|Ninina]]<br>{{small|357}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[506 Marion|Marion]]<br>{{small|506}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[365 Corduba|Corduba]]<br>{{small|365}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[36 Atalante|Atalante]]<br>{{small|36}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[713 Luscinia|Luscinia]]<br>{{small|713}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[1269 Rollandia|Rollandia]]<br>{{small|1269}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[164 Eva|Eva]]<br>{{small|164}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[98 Ianthe|Ianthe]]<br>{{small|98}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.2}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[240 Vanadis|Vanadis]]<br>{{small|240}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[221 Eos|Eos]]<br>{{small|221}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(K)}} |- |[[788 Hohensteina|Hohensteina]]<br>{{small|788}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[791 Ani|Ani]]<br>{{small|791}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[1208 Troilus|Troilus]]<br>{{small|1208}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |- |[[192 Nausikaa|Nausikaa]]<br>{{small|192}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[63 Ausonia|Ausonia]]<br>{{small|63}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.1}} |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[35 Leukothea|Leukothea]]<br>{{small|35}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.1}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[570 Kythera|Kythera]]<br>{{small|570}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[233 Asterope|Asterope]]<br>{{small|233}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(T)}} |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[4063 Euforbo|Euforbo]]<br>{{small|4063}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |-style="background-color: #FFE5FF;" |[[1583 Antilochus|Antilochus]]<br>{{small|1583}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |Jupiter trojan |- |[[1390 Abastumani|Abastumani]]<br>{{small|1390}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[522 Helga|Helga]]<br>{{small|522}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid; [[Cybele asteroid|Cybele]] |- |[[175 Andromache|Andromache]]<br>{{small|175}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[191 Kolga|Kolga]]<br>{{small|191}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | {{val|1.08}} |belt asteroid {{small|(C)}} |- |[[663 Gerlinde|Gerlinde]]<br>{{small|663}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[626 Notburga|Notburga]]<br>{{small|626}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |- |[[387 Aquitania|Aquitania]]<br>{{small|387}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[42 Isis|Isis]]<br>{{small|42}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- |[[30 Urania|Urania]]<br>{{small|30}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid {{small|(S)}} |- ! colspan=6 style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; padding: 6px 4px" | Notes: :^(a)&nbsp;Name of body, including alternative names using [[Roman numeral designation|Roman numerals to designate moons]] (such as "Saturn I" for [[Mimas (muin)|Mimas]]), and numbers to [[minor planet designation|designate minor planets]] :^(b)&nbsp;Mean radius including uncertainties Legend: :{{legend2|#FFE5FF|border=1px solid #FF99FF|[[Jupiter trojan]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFE8E8|border=1px solid #FF9999|[[moon of Jupiter]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFFFCC|border=1px solid #E6E600|[[moon of Saturn]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#CCFFCC|border=1px solid #00FF00|[[moon of Uranus]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#DDEEFF|border=1px solid #8FC7FF|[[moon of Neptune]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#EDCF7D|border=1px solid #CE9F1C|[[moon of Haumea]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#BB8899|border=1px solid #CE9F1C|[[S/2015 (136472) 1|moon of Makemake]]}} :{{legend2|#fafafa|border=1px solid #ccc|[[belt asteroid]]—types: [[C-type asteroids|C]]{{·}}[[D-type asteroid|D]]{{·}}[[F-type asteroids|F]]{{·}}[[G-type asteroid|G]]{{·}}[[K-type asteroid|K]]{{·}}[[M-type asteroids|M]]{{·}}[[P-type asteroid|P]]{{·}}[[R-type asteroids|R]]{{·}}[[S-type asteroids|S]]{{·}}[[T-type asteroids|T]]{{·}}[[X-type asteroids|X]]}} |} === Frae 20 tae 50 km === This leet conteens a few ensaumples acause thare are aboot 589 [[asteroid]]s in the [[asteroid belt]] wi a meisurt radius atween 20 an 50&nbsp;km.<ref name=diameter40-100>{{cite web|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb_query.cgi?obj_group=all;obj_kind=all;obj_numbered=all;ast_orbit_class=IMB;ast_orbit_class=MBA;ast_orbit_class=OMB;OBJ_field=0;ORB_field=0;combine_mode=AND;c1_group=OBJ;c1_item=Ap;c1_op=%3C=;c1_value=100;c2_group=OBJ;c2_item=Ap;c2_op=%3E=;c2_value=40;table_format=HTML;max_rows=50;format_option=comp;c_fields=AcBhBgBjBiBnBsAiAp;.cgifields=format_option;.cgifields=ast_orbit_class;.cgifields=combine_mode;.cgifields=table_format;.cgifields=obj_kind;.cgifields=obj_group;.cgifields=obj_numbered;.cgifields=com_orbit_class&query=1&c_sort=ApD|title=JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine|first=Alan|last=Chamberlin|publisher=}}</ref> Mony thoosands o objects o this size range hae yet tae be discovered in the Trans-Neptunian region. The nummer o deegits is nae an endorsement o [[signeeficant feegurs]]. The table switches frae {{e|18}}&nbsp;kg tae {{e|15}}&nbsp;kg ([[Exagram|Eg]]), an mony o thir mass vailyies are assumed. ''(See [[leet o minor planets]].)'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! style="font-weight: normal;" width=100 | '''Body'''^(a) ! class="unsortable"| Eemage ! data-sort-type="number" width=85 style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Radius'''^(b)<br>'''{{small|([[kilometre|km]])}}''' ! data-sort-type="number" width=75 | Mass<br>{{small|([[Exagram|10¹⁵&nbsp;kg]])}} ! Type – Notes ! class="unsortable" style="font-weight: normal; width: 3.8em; text-align: center;" | '''Refs&thinsp;'''^(c)<br>'''{{Tooltip|r|Citation for the body's size}}'''{{·}}'''{{Tooltip|M|Citation for the body's mass}}''' |- |[[21 Lutetia]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:Rosetta triumphs at asteroid Lutetia.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|1700}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(M)}} |align=center |r{{·}}<!-- 1700 trilion tonnes = 1700 e15 kg--><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-11470851 |title=Jonathan Amos – '''Asteroid Lutetia has thick blanket of debris''' (4 October 2010) – BBC News |access-date=2017-08-24 |archive-date=2010-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101120235200/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-11470851 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <!-- pre flyby figure 2570e15 kg--> |- |[[50 Virginia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[114 Kassandra]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|1000}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(T)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[1021 Flammario]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[162 Laurentia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[401 Ottilia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Thebe (muin)|Thebe]]<br>{{small|Jupiter XIV}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Thebe.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Jupiter |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[148 Gallia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|980}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(R)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[404 Arsinoe]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(C)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[27 Euterpe]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(S)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[773 Irmintraud]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] {{small|(D)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[62 Erato]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|50|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|910}} |[[belt asteroid]]; [[Themis family|Themis]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[26 Proserpina]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|900}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[345 Tercidina]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(C)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Juliet (muin)|Juliet]]<br>{{small|Uranus XI}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[58 Concordia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|850}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[229 Adelinda]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(C)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[379 Huenna]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|480}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(C)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[103 Hera]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|790}} |asteroid |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[17 Thetis]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|1200}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[143 Adria]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|760}} |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[109 Felicitas]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|750}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[100 Hekate]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|1000}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[90 Antiope]] A |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|410}} |[[asteroid]] {{small|(C)}}; [[Minor planet muin|binary]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[227 Philosophia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Prometheus (muin)|Prometheus]]<br>{{small|Saturn XVI}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Prometheus 12-26-09a.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|156.6}} |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[110 Lydia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|670}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Elara (muin)|Elara]]<br>{{small|Jupiter VII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Jupiter; [[Himalia group]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[72 Feronia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|45|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|670}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Echidna (muin)|Echidna]]<br>{{small|Typhon I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|44|3}} |align=center | |satellite of [[42355 Typhon]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[385446 Manwë#Satellite|Thorondor]]<br>{{small|Manwë I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |satellite of [[385446 Manwë|Manwë]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[60558 Echeclus]]<br>{{small|174P/Echeclus}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]]<ref name="echeclus"> {{cite web |type=2008-05-07 last obs |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 60558 Echeclus (2000 EC98) |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=60558 |accessdate=2008-09-09 }}</ref> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[90 Antiope|S/2000 (90) 1]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid moon]] of [[90 Antiope]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[71 Niobe]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|610}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[102 Miriam]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[97 Klotho]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|590}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[61 Danae]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#DDEEFF;" |[[Thalassa (muin)|Thalassa]]<br>{{small|Neptune IV}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Neptune |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[122 Gerda]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|570}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(S)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Pandora (muin)|Pandora]]<br>{{small|Saturn XVII}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Pandora PIA07632.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|135.6}} |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[83 Beatrix]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|560}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(X)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[32 Pomona]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Belinda (muin)|Belinda]]<br>{{small|Uranus XIV}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Belinda.gif|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[115 Thyra]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Cressida (muin)|Cressida]]<br>{{small|Uranus IX}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[135 Hertha]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[84 Klio]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|520}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[80 Sappho]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[1001 Gaussia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[58534 Logos]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|270}} |[[Kuiper belt object]]; [[cubewano]]; [[Minor planet muin|binary]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[124 Alkeste]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|470}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(S)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[55576 Amycus]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[25 Phocaea]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|40|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Weywot (muin)|Weywot]]<br>{{small|Quaoar I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |satellite of [[50000 Quaoar|Quaoar]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[8405 Asbolus]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[112 Iphigenia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Rosalind (muin)|Rosalind]]<br>{{small|Uranus XIII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|250}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Caliban (muin)|Caliban]]<br>{{small|Uranus XVI}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[99 Dike]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|390}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[66 Maja]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[116 Sirona]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[44 Nysa]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|370}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(E)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[10370 Hylonome]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[77 Frigga]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|350}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[55 Pandora]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[133 Cyrene]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|310}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(S)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[79 Eurynome]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Zoe (muin)|Zoe]]<br>{{small|Logos I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |satellite of [[58534 Logos]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#DDEEFF;" |[[Naiad (muin)|Naiad]]<br>{{small|Neptune III}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Naiad Voyager.png|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Neptune |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[43 Ariadne]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[101 Helena]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|35|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|300}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[108 Hecuba]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|390}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Desdemona (muin)|Desdemona]]<br>{{small|Uranus X}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#DDEEFF;" |[[Halimede (muin)|Halimede]]<br>{{small|Neptune IX}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Neptune |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[52975 Cyllarus]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[82 Alkmene]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[60 Echo]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[83982 Crantor|Crantor]]<br>{{small|83982}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Comet Hale–Bopp]]<br>{{small|C/1995 O1}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Comet Hale-Bopp 1995O1.jpg|centre|50x50px]] |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |[[comet]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Pasiphae (muin)|Pasiphae]]<br>{{small|Jupiter VIII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Jupiter |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[7066 Nessus]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#DDEEFF;" |[[Neso (muin)|Neso]]<br>{{small|Neptune XIII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Neptune |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[64 Angelina]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(E)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[67 Asia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[119 Althaea]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|200}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(S)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[75 Eurydike]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|180}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(M)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[142 Polana]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|30|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|180}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(F)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[253 Mathilde]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:(253) mathilde crop.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|26.4}} |align=center |{{val|103.3}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(C)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[52872 Okyrhoe]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[(486958) 2014 MU69|2014 MU69]]<br>{{small|486958}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:KBO 2014 MU69 HST.jpg|60px|center]] |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center | |[[Kuiper Belt|KBO]], [[cubewano]], [[Trans-Neptunian object|TNO]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Bianca (muin)|Bianca]]<br>{{small|Uranus VIII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|92}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Prospero (muin)|Prospero]]<br>{{small|Uranus XVIII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|85}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Setebos (muin)|Setebos]]<br>{{small|Uranus XIX}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|75}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[123 Brunhild]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} | |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[4348 Poulydamas]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center | |[[asteroid]]; [[Jupiter Trojan]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[1000 Piazzia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center | |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[113 Amalthea]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|100}} |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Carme (muin)|Carme]]<br>{{small|Jupiter XI}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|130}} |moon of Jupiter; [[Carme group]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[138 Tolosa]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|25|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|99}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(S)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[126 Velleda]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|94}} |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[73 Klytia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|92}} |[[asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#DDEEFF;" |[[Sao (muin)|Sao]]<br>{{small|Neptune XI}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|20|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Neptune |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[125 Liberatrix]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|87}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(M)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Metis (muin)|Metis]]<br>{{small|Jupiter XVI}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Metis.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|36}} |moon of Jupiter |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[132 Aethra]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|82}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(M)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Ophelia (muin)|Ophelia]]<br>{{small|Uranus VII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|53}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#DDEEFF;" |[[Laomedeia (muin)|Laomedeia]]<br>{{small|Neptune XII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Neptune |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[118 Peitho]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|76}} |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[208 Lacrimosa]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|73.9}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(S)}} [[Koronis family|Koronis]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[136 Austria]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|68}} |[[belt asteroid]] {{small|(M)}} |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[131 Vala]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|69}} |[[belt asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Cordelia (muin)|Cordelia]]<br>{{small|Uranus VI}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|44}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Siarnaq (muin)|Siarnaq]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXIX}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- ! colspan=6 style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; padding: 6px 4px" | Notes: :^(a)&nbsp;Name of body, including alternative names using [[Roman numeral designation|Roman numerals to designate moons]] (such as "Saturn I" for [[Mimas (muin)|Mimas]]), and numbers to [[minor planet designation|designate minor planets]] :^(b)&nbsp;Mean radius including uncertainties :^(c)&nbsp;Reference column specifically for radius (r) and mass (M) citations Legend: :{{legend2|#FFE8E8|border=1px solid #FF9999|[[moon of Jupiter]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFFFCC|border=1px solid #E6E600|[[moon of Saturn]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#CCFFCC|border=1px solid #80FF80|[[moon of Uranus]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#DDEEFF|border=1px solid #8FC7FF|[[moon of Neptune]]}} :{{legend2|#fafafa|border=1px solid #ccc|[[belt asteroid]]—types: [[C-type asteroids|C]]{{·}}[[D-type asteroid|D]]{{·}}[[E-type asteroids|E]]{{·}}[[F-type asteroids|F]]{{·}}[[M-type asteroids|M]]{{·}}[[R-type asteroids|R]]{{·}}[[S-type asteroids|S]]{{·}}[[T-type asteroids|T]]{{·}}[[X-type asteroids|X]]}} |} === From 1 to 20 km === This leet conteens anly a few ensaumples o objects atween 1 an 20&nbsp;km in radius. {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! style="font-weight: normal;" width=100 | '''Body'''^(a) ! class="unsortable"| Image ! data-sort-type="number" width=85 style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Radius'''^(b)<br>'''{{small|([[kilometre|km]])}}''' ! data-sort-type="number" width=75 | Mass<br>{{small|([[Exagram|10¹⁵&nbsp;kg]])}} ! Type – Notes ! class="unsortable" style="font-weight: normal; width: 3.8em; text-align: center;" | '''Refs&thinsp;'''^(c)<br>'''{{Tooltip|r|Citation for the body's size}}'''{{·}}'''{{Tooltip|M|Citation for the body's mass}}''' |- |[[167 Urda]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|66.7}} |[[belt asteroid]]; [[Koronis family]]; [[S-type asteroid|S-type]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Sinope (muin)|Sinope]]<br>{{small|Jupiter IX}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|76}} |moon of Jupiter |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#DDEEFF;" |[[Psamathe (muin)|Psamathe]]<br>{{small|Neptune X}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|37}} |moon of Neptune |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann|29P/Schwassmann–<br>Wachmann]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:29P Schwassmann Wachmann.jpg|50px]] |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center | |comet; [[centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Lysithea (muin)|Lysithea]]<br>{{small|Jupiter X}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|63}} |moon of Jupiter; [[Himalia group]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[158 Koronis]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|20|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid; [[Koronis family]]; [[S-type asteroid|S-type]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[944 Hidalgo|Hidalgo]]<br>{{small|944}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|19}} |align=center | |[[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]], first tae be discovered in 1920; historically cried ''asteroid''. |align=center |<ref> {{cite web |type=2008-05-09 last obs |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 944 Hidalgo (1920 HZ) |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=944 |accessdate=2008-03-09 }}</ref>{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCCCFF;" |[[Hydra (muin)|Hydra]]<br>{{small|Pluto III}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Hydra (moon) from 231 000 kilometres.jpg|centre|50x50px]] |align=center |{{val|19}} |align=center | |moon of Pluto |align=center |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/hydra-emerges-from-the-shadows|title=Hydra Emerges from the Shadows|first=Tricia|last=Talbert|date=15 July 2015|publisher=}}</ref>{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Helene (muin)|Helene]]<br>{{small|Saturn XII, Dione B}} |bgcolor=#8C7A4C |[[File:Helene over Saturn (color).jpg|centre|50x50px]] |align=center |{{val|17.6|0.4}} |align=center |{{val|25}} |moon of Saturn; [[Dione (muin)|Dione]] trojan |align=center |{{sfn|Thomas|2010}}{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCCCFF;" |[[Nix (muin)|Nix]]<br>{{small|Pluto II}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Nix best view-true color.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|17.5}} |align=center | |moon of Pluto |align=center |<ref name=NewHorizonssettlessizedebate>{{cite web|url=http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/News-Center/News-Article.php?page=20150713|title=New Horizons|publisher=}}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[243 Ida]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:243 Ida large.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|15.7}} |align=center |{{val|42}} |belt asteroid; [[Koronis family]]; [[S-type asteroid|S-type]]; [[Minor planet muin|binary]] |align=center |<ref>{{cite journal |last=Britt |first=D. T. |author2=Yeomans, D. K.|author3= Housen, K.|author4= Consolmagno, G. |title=Asteroid Density, Porosity, and Structure |journal=Asteroids III |publisher=University of Arizona |location=Tucson |date=2002 |pages=485–500 |url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/books/AsteroidsIII/pdf/3022.pdf |accessdate=2008-10-27 |bibcode=2002aste.conf..485B |ref=CITEREFBrittYeomansHousenConsolmagno2002}}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[1655 Comas Solà]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15.3|1.1}} |align=center | |belt asteroid; [[B-type asteroid|B-type]] |align=center |<ref name="JPL1655ComasSolà">{{cite web |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1655 |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser 1655 Comas Sola |accessdate=2014-11-07 |publisher=[[NASA]] |quote=Physical Parameter Table, diameter, 30.57}}</ref>{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Atlas (muin)|Atlas]]<br>{{small|Saturn XV}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Cassini Atlas N00084634 CL.png|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|15.1|0.9}} |align=center |{{val|66}} |moon of Saturn |align=center |{{sfn|Thomas|2010}}{{·}}M |- |[[226 Weringia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid; [[S-type asteroid|S-type]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[433 Eros]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:Eros - PIA02923 (color).jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|66.9}} |[[Amor asteroid|Amor]]/ NEA |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Stephano (muin)|Stephano]]<br>{{small|Uranus XX}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|22}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Albiorix (muin)|Albiorix]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXVI}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[1036 Ganymed]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|33}} |NEA |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[1815 Beethoven]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[31824 Elatus]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center | |[[centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Perdita (muin)|Perdita]]<br>{{small|Uranus XXV}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|13}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Linus (muin)|Linus]]<br>{{small|Kalliope I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|60}} |asteroid moon of [[22 Kalliope]] |align=center |r{{·}}<ref name="Marchis03">{{cite journal|author=F. Marchis |display-authors=etal |title=A three-dimensional solution for the orbit of the asteroidal satellite of 22 Kalliope |journal=Icarus |date=2003 |volume=165 |issue=1 |pages=112–120 |bibcode=2003Icar..165..112M |doi=10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00195-7 |url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008Icar..196..578D |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRXtaEJR?url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?bibcode=2003Icar..165..112M&db_key=AST&data_type=HTML&format=&high=444b66a47d11635 |archivedate=2011-02-12 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref> |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Ananke (muin)|Ananke]]<br>{{small|Jupiter XII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|15|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|38.2}} |moon of Jupiter |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Pan (muin)|Pan]]<br>{{small|Saturn XVIII}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:PIA21436.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|14.1|1.3}} |align=center |{{val|4.95}} |moon of Saturn |align=center |<ref name=Thomas2010>{{cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.01.025| last1 = Thomas| first1 = P. C.| date = July 2010| title = Sizes, shapes, and derived properties of the saturnian satellites after the Cassini nominal mission| journal = Icarus| volume = 208| issue = 1| pages = 395–401| pmid = | pmc = | url = http://www.ciclops.org/media/sp/2011/6794_16344_0.pdf| bibcode = 2010Icar..208..395T| ref = harv| access-date = 2017-08-24| archive-date = 2018-12-23| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181223003125/http://www.ciclops.org/media/sp/2011/6794_16344_0.pdf| url-status = dead}}</ref>{{·}}<ref name="Porco2007"> {{cite journal |author=[[Carolyn C. Porco|Porco, C. C.]] |title=Saturn's Small Inner Satellites: Clues to Their Origins |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=2007 |volume=318 |issue=5856 |pages=1602–1607 |pmid=18063794 |bibcode=2007Sci...318.1602P |doi=10.1126/science.1143977 |url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Sci...318.1602P |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRXsjQIR?url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Sci...318.1602P |archivedate=2011-02-12 |deadurl=no |display-authors=etal |df= }}</ref> |- |[[20461 Dioretsa|Dioretsa]]<br>{{small|20461}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center | {{val|14|3}} |align=center | |<ref name=sizeest>{{cite journal|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103501966874|title=Visible to Thermal-Infrared Spectrophotometry of a Possible Inactive Cometary Nucleus|first1=Alan W.|last1=Harris|first2=Marco|last2=Delbó|first3=Richard P.|last3=Binzel|first4=John K.|last4=Davies|first5=Julie|last5=Roberts|first6=David J.|last6=Tholen|first7=Robert J.|last7=Whiteley|date=1 October 2001|publisher=|journal=Icarus|volume=153|issue=2|pages=332–337|via=ScienceDirect|doi=10.1006/icar.2001.6687}}</ref> [[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]];<ref name=JPLDioretsa>{{cite web|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=dioretsa|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser|first=Alan|last=Chamberlin|publisher=}}</ref> [[damocloid]] |-style="background:#FFA6C9;" |[[Phobos (muin)|Phobos]]<br>{{small|Mars I}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Phobos colour 2008.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|11.267}} |align=center |{{val|10.7}} |moon of Mars |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Telesto (muin)|Telesto]]<br>{{small|Saturn XIII or Tethys B}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Telesto cassini closeup.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Saturn [[Tethys (muin)|Tethys]] trojan |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Paaliaq (muin)|Paaliaq]]<br>{{small|Saturn XX}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|8.2}} |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Francisco (muin)|Francisco]]<br>{{small|Uranus XXII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|7.2}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Calypso (muin)|Calypso]]<br>{{small|Saturn XIV or Tethys C}} |bgcolor=232323|[[File:N00151485 Calypso crop.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |moons of Saturn; [[Tethys (muin)|Tethys]] trojan |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Leda (muin)|Leda]]<br>{{small|Jupiter XIII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|11}} |moon of Jupiter; [[Himalia group]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Ferdinand (muin)|Ferdinand]]<br>{{small|Uranus XXIV}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|5.4}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Margaret (muin)|Margaret]]<br>{{small|Uranus XXIII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|5.4}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[149 Medusa]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|8}} |belt asteroid |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Romulus (muin)|Romulus]]<br>{{small|Sylvia I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|4}} |asteroid moon of [[87 Sylvia]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Ymir (muin)|Ymir]]<br>{{small|Saturn XIX}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Trinculo (muin)|Trinculo]]<br>{{small|Uranus XXI}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|3.9}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Cupid (muin)|Cupid]]<br>{{small|Uranus XXVII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|3.8}} |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#DDEEFF;" |[[S/2004 N 1]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Neptune |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[2002 Euler]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|5.5}} |belt asteroid |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Adrastea (muin)|Adrastea]]<br>{{small|Jupiter XV}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Adrastea.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|2}} |moon of Jupiter |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Kiviuq (muin)|Kiviuq]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXIV}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[2000 Herschel]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?ID=a0002000|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser|first=Alan|last=Chamberlin|publisher=}}</ref> |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Tarvos (muin)|Tarvos]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXI}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Tarvos from Cassini.jpg|50px]] |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[S/2006 (624) 1]]<br>{{small|Hektor I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |asteroid moon of [[624 Hektor]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCCCFF;" |[[Kerberos (muin)|Kerberos]]<br>{{small|Pluto IV}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Kerberos (moon).jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Pluto |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[2685 Masursky]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:Asteroid 2685Masurky.gif|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center |5–11 |belt asteroid |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCCCFF;" |[[Styx (muin)|Styx]]<br>{{small|Pluto V}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Styx (moon).jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|10|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Pluto |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[951 Gaspra]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:951 Gaspra.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|6.1|0.4}} |align=center |2–3 |belt asteroid |align=center |<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1006/icar.1994.1002|title=Galileo's Encounter with 951 Gaspra: Overview|journal=Icarus|volume=107|pages=2|year=1994|last1=Veverka|first1=J.|last2=Belton|first2=M.|last3=Klaasen|first3=K.|last4=Chapman|first4=C.|bibcode=1994Icar..107....2V}}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[(65407) 2002 RP120]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|3.1}} |[[Damocloid]] ([[retrograde motion|retrograde]]) & possible ejected [[scattered disc|SDO]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Bestla (muin)|Bestla]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXXIX}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Petit-Prince (muin)|Petit-Prince]]<br>{{small|Eugenia I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|1.2}} |asteroid moon of [[45 Eugenia]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFA6C9;" |[[Deimos (muin)|Deimos]]<br>{{small|Mars II}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Deimos-MRO.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|1.48}} |moon of Mars |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Ijiraq (muin)|Ijiraq]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[S/2002 (121) 1]]<br>{{small|Hermione I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|1.6}} |asteroid moon of [[121 Hermione]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Halley's Comet]] |bgcolor=#1f0002|[[File:Lspn comet halley.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|0.03}} |comet |align=center |r{{·}}<ref>Using the [[Volume#Volume formulas|volume of an ellipsoid]] of 15x8x8km * an assumed [[rubble pile]] density of 0.6&nbsp;g/cm³ yields a mass (m=d*v) of ~3.02E+14&nbsp;kg</ref> |- |[[S/2001 (107) 1]]<br>{{small|Camilla I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|1.5}} |asteroid moon of [[107 Camilla]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#CCFFCC;" |[[Mab (muin)|Mab]]<br>{{small|Uranus XXVI}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Uranus |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Erriapus (muin)|Erriapus]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXVIII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[26858 Misterrogers]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Callirrhoe (muin)|Callirrhoe]]<br>{{small|Jupiter XVII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center | |moon of Jupiter |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFE8E8;" |[[Themisto (muin)|Themisto]]<br>{{small|Jupiter XVIII}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|0.69}} |moon of Jupiter |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Remus (muin)|Remus]]<br>{{small|Sylvia II}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|0.2}} |asteroid moon of [[87 Sylvia]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[S/2003 (379) 1]]<br>{{small|Huenna I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center | |asteroid moon of [[379 Huenna]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[S/2003 (130) 1]]<br>{{small|Elektra I}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|0.4}} |asteroid moon of [[130 Elektra]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[S/2004 (45) 1]]<br>{{small|Eugenia II}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center | |asteroid moon of [[45 Eugenia]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[118401 LINEAR]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|0.23}} |[[main-belt comet]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[4179 Toutatis]] |bgcolor=#282828|[[File:Toutatis.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|0.05}} |NEA |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[3200 Phaethon]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=~}} |align=center |{{val|0.14}} |[[Apollo asteroid]]; [[B-type asteroid|B-type]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[2P/Encke]] |bgcolor=#333 |[[File:Comet Encke.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center | |comet |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[Comet Hyakutake|C/1996 B2]]<br>Comet Hyakutake |bgcolor=#4a0808|[[File:Comet Hyakutake from Hubble.jpg|centre|50x50px]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center | |comet<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/comet/hyakutake/index.html |title=Comet Hyakutake Home Page (JPL) |publisher=.jpl.nasa.gov |accessdate=2011-01-04 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRXzjGtT?url=http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/comet/hyakutake/index.html |archivedate=2011-02-12 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[81P/Wild]]<br><small>Wild 2</small> |bgcolor=black|[[File:Wild2 3.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center | |comet |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Polydeuces (muin)|Polydeuces]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXXIV or Dione C}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Polydeuces.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center |{{val|0.03}} |moon of Saturn; [[Dione (muin)|Dione]] trojan |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[17P/Holmes]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:17pHolmes 071104 eder vga.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center | |comet |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[5535 Annefrank]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:Annefrank 5535.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[3753 Cruithne]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center |{{val|0.13}} |[[Aten asteroid]] & [[quasi-satellite]] of Earth |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[(285263) 1998 QE2]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:(285263) 1998 QE2, Goldstone, May 30, 2013.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center | |NEA; binary |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[4055 Magellan]] |bgcolor=#333 |[[File:CCD image of asteroid 4055 Magellan.png|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center | |[[Amor asteroid]]; [[V-type asteroid|V-type]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[9969 Braille]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:PIA01345.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center | |[[Mars-crosser asteroid]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[132524 APL]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:Asteroid 2002 JF56.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center | |belt asteroid |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[(6178) 1986 DA]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|5|p=<}} |align=center |{{val|0.002}} |[[amor asteroid]]; [[M-type asteroid|M-type]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[32P/Comas Solà|Comet Comas Solà]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|4.2}} |align=center | |[[Jupiter-family comet]]<ref name=yfernandez/> |align=center |<ref name="JPLComasSolà">{{cite web | url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=32P | title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser 32P/Comas Sola | accessdate = 2014-11-07 | publisher = [[NASA]]}}</ref>{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Daphnis (muin)|Daphnis]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXXV}} |bgcolor=#333 |[[File:PIA21056 - Daphnis Up Close.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|3.9|0.8}} |align=center |{{val|0.084}} |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}<ref name="Porco2007" /> |- |[[9P/Tempel]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:PIA02127.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|2.8}} |align=center |{{val|0.075}} |comet |align=center |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stardustnext.jpl.nasa.gov/science/stardust_next_Thomas.html|title=The Nucleus of Comet 9P/Tempel 1: Shape & Geology From Two Flybys|publisher=|access-date=2017-08-24|archive-date=2016-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203031258/http://stardustnext.jpl.nasa.gov/science/stardust_next_Thomas.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[2867 Šteins]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:2867 Šteins by Rosetta (reprocessed).png|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|2.65}} |align=center | |belt asteroid; [[E-type asteroid|E-type]] |align=center |<ref name=keller>{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.1179559|pmid=20056887|title=E-Type Asteroid (2867) Steins as Imaged by OSIRIS on Board Rosetta|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2010-01-08_327_5962/page/n79|journal=Science|volume=327|issue=5962|pages=190|year=2010|last1=Keller|first1=H. |display-authors=etal.|bibcode=2010Sci...327..190K}}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[19P/Borrelly]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:Comet Borrelly Nucleus.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|2.4}} |align=center | |[[Jupiter-family comet]]<ref name=yfernandez/> |align=center |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Com_19PBorrelly&Display=Facts&System=Metric|title=19P/Borrelly - By the Numbers - Planets - NASA Solar System Exploration|publisher=|access-date=2017-08-24|archive-date=2014-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809140735/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Com_19PBorrelly&Display=Facts&System=Metric|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Pallene (muin)|Pallene]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXXIII}} |bgcolor=#999 |[[File:N00163156.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|2.22|0.07}}<ref name=Thomas2013/> |align=center |{{val|0.043}} |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko|Comet Churyumov–Gerasimenko]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:Comet 67P on 19 September 2014 NavCam mosaic.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|1.9}} |align=center | |[[Jupiter-family comet]]<ref name=yfernandez>{{cite web |title=List of Jupiter-Family and Halley-Family Comets |url=http://www.physics.ucf.edu/~yfernandez/cometlist.html |date=28 July 2015 |publisher=University of Central Florida: Physics |accessdate=6 September 2015 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502212937/https://physics.ucf.edu/~yfernandez/cometlist.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|(53319) 1999 JM|8}} |bgcolor=#404040|[[File:Asteroid 1999 JM8.gif|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|1.75}} |align=center | |[[Apollo asteroid]]; PHA |align=center |<ref name=echo>{{cite web |title=RADAR IMAGES CAPTURE BIG, SLOWLY TUMBLING ASTEROID |url=http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/~lance/1999JM8/press_release.html |publisher=NASA/JPL Media Relations Office |author=Diane Ainsworth |accessdate=2014-05-01 |archive-date=2016-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118002204/http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/~lance/1999JM8/press_release.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{·}}M |-style="background:#FFFFCC;" |[[Methone (muin)|Methone]]<br>{{small|Saturn XXXII}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Methone PIA14633.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|1.45|0.03}}<ref name=Thomas2013>{{cite conference | first = P. C. | last = Thomas | authorlink = |display-authors=4 | author2 = Burns, J. A. |author3=Tiscareno, M. S. |author4=Hedman, M. M. |author5=Helfenstein, P. | title = Saturn's Mysterious Arc-Embedded Moons: Recycled Fluff? | booktitle = 44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference | pages = 1598 | publisher = | date = 2013 | location = | url = http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/1598.pdf | accessdate = 2013-05-21 }}</ref> |align=center |{{val|0.019}} |moon of Saturn |align=center |r{{·}}M |- ! colspan=6 style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; padding: 6px 4px" | Notes: :^(a)&nbsp;Name of body, including alternative names using [[Roman numeral designation|Roman numerals to designate moons]] (such as "Saturn I" for [[Mimas (muin)|Mimas]]), and numbers to [[minor planet designation|designate minor planets]] :^(b)&nbsp;Mean radius including uncertainties :^(c)&nbsp;Reference column specifically for radius (r) and mass (M) citations Legend: :{{legend2|#FFA6C9|border=1px solid #FF5C9D|[[moon of Mars]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFE8E8|border=1px solid #FF9999|[[moon of Jupiter]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFFFCC|border=1px solid #E6E600|[[moon of Saturn]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#CCFFCC|border=1px solid #80FF80|[[moon of Uranus]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#DDEEFF|border=1px solid #8FC7FF|[[moon of Neptune]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#CCCCFF|border=1px solid #8080FF|[[moon of Pluto]]}} Types: : Main belt [[asteroid]]s; [[Comet]]s; NEA: [[Near-Earth asteroid]]; [[Asteroid moon]] |} === Below 1 km === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! style="font-weight: normal;" width=160 | '''Body'''^(a) ! class="unsortable" width=50 | Image ! data-sort-type="number" width=85 style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Radius'''^(b)<br>'''([[metre|m]])''' ! data-sort-type="number" width=75 | Mass<br>([[Petagram|10¹²&nbsp;kg]]) ! Type – Notes ! class="unsortable" width=70 | Refs&thinsp;^(c) |- |[[1620 Geographos]] |bgcolor=black| [[File:Geographos.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|885}} |align=center |{{val|4}} |[[Near-Earth asteroid|NEA]]{{·}}[[Apollo asteroid|Apollo]] |align=center |<ref name="PSI">[https://web.archive.org/web/20060623213811/http://www.psi.edu/pds/archive/astdata04/simps04/diamalb.tab Asteroid Data Archive, Archive] ''Planetary Science Institute''</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[1862 Apollo]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|850}} |align=center |{{val|5.1}} |NEA{{·}}Apollo{{·}}[[Q-type asteroid|Q-type]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|(214869) 2007 PA|8}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|800|p=~}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2012-350|title=NASA Radar Images Asteroid 2007 PA8|publisher=}}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[100000 Astronautica]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|800|p=~}} |align=center | |Inner [[belt asteroid]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=100000|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser|first=Alan|last=Chamberlin|publisher=}}</ref> |align=center |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=23753|title=Minor Planet No. 100,000 Named for Space Age 50th Anniversary|publisher=}}</ref>{{·}}M |- style="background-color: #E5E5FF;" |[[Dactyl (muin)|Dactyl]]<br>^{Ida I} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Dactyl-HiRes.jpg|50px]] |align=center |{{val|700}} |align=center | |[[Minor-planet muin|Moon]] of [[243 Ida]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[1566 Icarus]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|700}} |align=center |{{val|2.9}} |NEA{{·}}Apollo{{·}}[[U-type asteroid|U-type]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[4769 Castalia]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|700}} |align=center |{{val|1.3}} |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |<ref>{{cite web |author=Alan Chamberlin |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=4769%20Castalia;orb=0;cov=0;log=0;cad=0#phys_par |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser |publisher=Ssd.jpl.nasa.gov |accessdate=2011-01-04 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRY2UNG1?url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=4769%20Castalia%3Borb%3D0%3Bcov%3D0%3Blog%3D0%3Bcad%3D0#phys_par |archivedate=2011-02-12 |deadurl=no |df= |url-status=live }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|(137108) 1999 AN|10}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|650}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|(29075) 1950 DA}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:1950 DA (color).png|centre|50px]] |align=center |{{val|600}} |align=center |{{val|3}} |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|(66391) 1999 KW|4}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:1999 KW4 animated.gif|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|600}} |align=center |{{val|2.33}} |NEA{{·}}[[Aten asteroid|Aten]]{{·}}[[Mercury-crosser]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[46P/Wirtanen]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|600}} |align=center | |[[Comet]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[103P/Hartley]]<br>{{small|Hartley 2}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:495296main epoxi-1-full full.jpg|50px]] |align=center |{{val|570|80}} |align=center |{{val|0.3}} |Comet |align=center |r{{·}}<ref name="Lisse2009">{{Cite journal |last=Lisse |first=C. M. |author2=Fernandez |author3=Reach |author4=Bauer |author5=A'Hearn |author6=Farnham |display-authors= etal |title=Spitzer Space Telescope Observations of the Nucleus of Comet 103P/Hartley 2 |journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific |volume=121 |issue=883 |pages=968–975 |date=2009 |doi=10.1086/605546 |jstor=10.1086/605546 |bibcode=2009PASP..121..968L |arxiv = 0906.4733 }}</ref> |- |[[3908 Nyx]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|520}} |align=center |{{val|5}} |NEA{{·}}[[Amor asteroid|Amor]]{{·}}[[V-type asteroid|V-type]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[14827 Hypnos]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|450}} |align=center | |[[Comet]]{{·}}[[dormant comet]]<ref name="dormant">{{cite journal |first=Kathryn |last=Whitman |author2=Alessandro Morbidelli |author3=Robert Jedicke |lastauthoramp=yes |title=The Size-Frequency Distribution of Dormant Jupiter Family Comets |date=2006 |arxiv=astro-ph/0603106 |bibcode = 2006Icar..183..101W |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.02.016 |volume=183 |journal=Icarus |pages=101–114}}</ref> |align=center |<ref name="jpldataHypnos">{{cite web|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 14827 Hypnos (1986 JK) |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=Hypnos |accessdate=2008-02-08 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRY3FjU0?url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=Hypnos |archivedate=2011-02-12 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[2062 Aten]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|450}} |align=center |{{val|0.76}} |NEA{{·}}[[Aten asteroid|Aten]] |align=center |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/bitstream/2014/22732/1/97-1257.pdf |title=Benner, et al. – Radar Detection of Near-Earth Asteroids 2062 Aten, 2101 Adonis, 3103 Eger, 4544 Xanthus, and 1992 QN (1997) |access-date=2017-08-24 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201658/http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/bitstream/2014/22732/1/97-1257.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2007 CA|19}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|432}} |align=center |{{val|1.2}} |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[6489 Golevka]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|350}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |<ref>{{cite web |author=Alan Chamberlin |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi#top |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser |publisher=Ssd.jpl.nasa.gov |accessdate=2011-01-04 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRY4Rkg7?url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi#top |archivedate=2011-02-12 |deadurl=no |df= |url-status=live }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[25143 Itokawa]] |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|346}} |align=center |{{val|0.0358}} |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |r{{·}}M |-style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[Aegaeon (muin)|Aegaeon]]<br>{{small|Saturn LIII}} |bgcolor=black| [[File:Aegaeon (2008 S1).jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|330|60}}<ref name=Thomas2013/> |align=center | |[[moon of Saturn]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2004 XP|14}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|300}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|(144898) 2004 VD|17}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|290}} |align=center |{{val|3}} |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |r{{·}}<ref name="NASANEO">Based on an assumed density of 2.6&nbsp;g/cm³ as given at the NASA NEO impact risk page http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/index.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110211202907/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/index.html |date=2011-02-11 }}</ref> |- | [[101955 Bennu]] | bgcolor=black|[[File:NASA 1999 RQ36.gif|50px|center]] | align=center |{{val|275}} | align=center | | NEA{{·}}Apollo{{·}}[[Potentially hazardous object|PHO]] | align=center |<ref>ref name=Nolan2013</ref> |- |{{mpl|(308635) 2005 YU|55}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:2005YU55-20111107.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|180}} |align=center | |NEA<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-15572634 BBC – '''Giant asteroid passes near Earth''' – 9 November 2011]</ref> Apollo{{·}}PHO<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2005YU55|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser|first=Alan|last=Chamberlin|publisher=}}</ref> |align=center |<ref name="Busch"> {{cite web |date=March 31, 2012 |title=Shape and Spin of Near-Earth Asteroid 308635 (2005 YU55) From Radar Images and Speckle Tracking |publisher=LPI |author=M.W. Busch |display-authors=etal |url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/acm2012/pdf/6179.pdf |accessdate=9 April 2012 }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |[[4660 Nereus]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:Nereus.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|165}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |<ref>{{cite web |author=Alan Chamberlin |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=4660%20Nereus;orb=0;cov=0;log=0;cad=0#phys_par |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser |publisher=Ssd.jpl.nasa.gov |accessdate=2011-01-04 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRY5u45e?url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=4660%20Nereus%3Borb%3D0%3Bcov%3D0%3Blog%3D0%3Bcad%3D0#phys_par |archivedate=2011-02-12 |deadurl=no |df= |url-status=live }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|(357439) 2004 BL|86}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|162.5}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}Apollo{{·}}[[minor-planet muin|binary]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |[[99942 Apophis]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:2004MN4 Sormano.gif|50px]] |align=center |{{val|162.5}} |align=center |{{val|0.05}} |NEA{{·}}[[Aten asteroid|Aten]]{{·}}[[Potentially hazardous object|PHO]] |align=center |<ref name=esanews1>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Herschel_intercepts_asteroid_Apophis |title=Herschel intercepts asteroid Apophis |author=ESA |publisher=[[European Space Agency]] (ESA) |date=January 9, 2013 |accessdate=2013-01-09 }}</ref>{{·}}<ref name="NASANEO" /> |- style="background-color: #FFFFCC;" |[[S/2009 S 1]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:PIA11665 moonlet in B Ring cropped.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|150}} |align=center | |[[moon of Saturn]] |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2010 TK|7}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|150}} |align=center | |[[Earth trojan]]{{·}}Apollo |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2007 TU|24}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:2007 TU24 radar image 20080128.jpg|50px|center]] |align=center |{{val|125}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}Apollo{{·}}[[Potentially hazardous object|PHO]] |align=center |<ref name="NASA0125">{{cite web|title=NASA Scientists Get First Images of Earth Flyby Asteroid |publisher=NASA/[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory|JPL]] |date=2008-01-25 |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2008-014 |accessdate=2008-01-26 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRY6xBF0?url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2008-014 |archivedate=2011-02-12 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref>{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2002 JE|9}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|100}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}Apollo{{·}}PHO |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|2010 XC|15}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|100}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}Apollo{{·}}PHO |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|1994 WR|12}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|65}} |align=center |{{val|0.002}} |NEA{{·}}[[Aten asteroid|Aten]] |align=center |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/1994wr12.html |title=NASA – 1994 WR12 Earth Impact Risk Summary – 2011 |access-date=2017-08-24 |archive-date=2016-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326083250/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/1994wr12.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><!-- 55? <ref>{{cite web|url=http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/1994wr12.html |title=1994 WR12 Impact Risk |publisher=Neo.jpl.nasa.gov |date=2010-12-08 |accessdate=2011-01-04|archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/5wRY8XdEh?url=http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/1994wr12.html |archivedate = 2011-02-12|deadurl=no}}</ref>-->{{·}}<ref name="NASANEO" /> |- |{{mpl|(410777) 2009 FD}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|65}} |align=center |{{val|0.0028}} |NEA{{·}}Apollo |align=center |<ref name=2009FDimpactrisk>[http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/2009fd.html 2009 FD Impact Risk] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111142013/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/2009fd.html |date=January 11, 2011 }}</ref>{{·}}<ref name=2009FDimpactrisk /> |- |{{mpl|2008 HJ}} |bgcolor=black| |align=center |{{val|18}} |align=center |{{val|0.000005}} |NEA{{·}}[[Fast rotator (asteroid)|fast rotator]], {{LCDB|0|2008+HJ}}, (43 [[second|s]])<ref name=2008HJbbc /> |align=center |<!--(24+12)/2=18--><ref name="2008HJbbc">{{Cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7426755.stm |title=BBC News – '''Record spin for newfound asteroid''' (2008) |access-date=2017-08-24 |archive-date=2011-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810230912/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7426755.stm |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{·}}<!-- 5000 metric tonnes --><ref name=2008HJbbc /> |- |[[367943 Duende]] |bgcolor=black|[[File:Radar-2012DA14-Goldstone.jpg|50px]] |align=center |{{val|15}} |align=center | |NEA |align=center |r{{·}}M |- |{{mpl|1998 KY|26}} |bgcolor=black|[[File:Asteroid 1998 KY26.faces model.jpg|50px]] |align=center |{{val|15}} |align=center | |NEA{{·}}[[Fast rotator (asteroid)|fast rotator]] (10 [[meenit|min]]) |align=center |<ref>{{cite web |author=Alan Chamberlin |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1998%20KY26;orb=0;cov=0;log=0;cad=0#phys_par |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser |publisher=Ssd.jpl.nasa.gov |accessdate=2011-01-04 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wRYBF1Zr?url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1998%20KY26%3Borb%3D0%3Bcov%3D0%3Blog%3D0%3Bcad%3D0#phys_par |archivedate=2011-02-12 |deadurl=no |df= |url-status=live }}</ref>{{·}}M |- ! colspan=6 style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; padding: 6px 4px" | Notes: :^(a)&nbsp;Name o bouk, includin alternative names uisin [[Roman numeral designation|Roman numerals tae designate muins]] (sic as "Saturn LIII" for [[Aegaeon (muin)|Aegaeon]]), an nummers tae [[minor planet designation|designate minor planets]] :^(b)&nbsp;Mean radius includin uncertainties :^(c)&nbsp;Reference column speceefically for radius (r) an mass (M) citations Legend: :{{legend2|#E5E5FF|border=1px solid #9999FF|[[minor-planet muin]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;{{legend2|#FFFFCC|border=1px solid #E6E600|[[muin o Saturn]]}} : NEA: [[near-Yird asteroid]]; [[Apollo asteroid]]s are a group o NEAs |} ==References== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Leet O Solar Seestem Objects Bi Size}} [[Category:Leets o Solar Seestem objects|Size]] [[Category:Airticles needin AWB cleanup]] tboc0uh9ko0dg1u89b3qmf1v2i2nj4s 0 203008 918461 906257 2026-06-20T07:41:29Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918461 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox MSP | honorific-prefix = | name = Shirley-Anne Somerville | honorific-suffix = [[Member o the Scots Pairlament|MSP]] | image = [[File:Shirley-Anne Somerville in 2024 (cropped).jpg|225px]] | imagesize = | caption = | office = [[Cabinet Secretar for Social Siccarity an Aulder Fowk]] | firstminister = [[Nicola Sturgeon]] | term_start = 26 Juin 2018 | term_end = | predecessor = [[Jeane Freeman]] | successor = | office1 = [[Meenister for Forder Eddication, Heicher Eddication an Science]] | firstminister1 = [[Nicola Sturgeon]] | term_start1 = 18 Mey 2016 | term_end1 = 27 Juin 2018 | predecessor1 = [[Alasdair Allan]] | successor1 = [[Gillian Martin]] | office2 = [[Member o the Scots Pairlament]]<br>for [[Dunfaurlin (Scots Pairlament constituency)|Dunfermline]] | parliament2 = Scots | majority2 = 4,558 | term_start2 = 6 Mey 2016 | term_end2 = | predecessor2 = [[Cara Hilton]] | successor2 = | office3 = [[Member o the Scots Pairlament]]<br>for [[Lothians (Scots Pairlament electoral region)|Lowdens]] | parliament3 = Scots | majority3 = | term_start3 = 31 August 2007 | term_end3 = 22 Mairch 2011 | predecessor3 = [[Stefan Tymkewycz]] | successor3 = Constituency Abolished | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1974|09|02|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Kirkcaudy]], [[Scotland]] | death_date = | death_place = | birthname = | nationality = | party = [[Scots Naitional Pairty]] | spouse = | relations = | children = | residence = | alma_mater = [[Varsity o Strathclyde]]<br />[[Varsity o Stirling]]<br />[[Queen Margaret Varsity]] | occupation = | profession = | cabinet = | religion = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Shirley-Anne Somerville''' (born 2 September 1974) is a [[Scots Naitional Pairty]] (SNP) [[politeecian]] servin as [[Cabinet Secretar for Social Siccarity an Aulder Fowk]] frae 26 Juin 2018, haein been the [[Meenister for Forder Eddication, Heicher Eddication an Science]] in the [[Scots Govrenment]] frae Mey 2016 tae Juin 2018. Frae May 2021, Sommerville is Cabinet Secretar for Eddication an Skills.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.scot/about/who-runs-government/cabinet-and-ministers/shirley-anne-somerville/|title=Shirley-Anne Somerville|website=www.gov.scot|access-date=26 June 2025|archive-date=2025-05-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250518191419/https://www.gov.scot/about/who-runs-government/cabinet-and-ministers/shirley-anne-somerville/|url-status=dead}}%</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Somerville, Shirley-Anne}} [[Category:1974 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Kirkcaudy]] [[Category:Fowk eddicatit at Kirkcaldy High School]] [[Category:Alumni o the Varsity o Strathclyde]] [[Category:Alumni o the Varsity o Stirlin]] [[Category:Alumni o Queen Margaret Varsity]] [[Category:Scots public relations fowk]] [[Category:Scots National Pairty MSPs]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2007–11]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2016–]] [[Category:Female members o the Scots Pairlament]] [[Category:Meenisters o the Scots Govrenment]] [[Category:Weemen members o the Scots Govrenment]] [[Category:21st-century weemen politeecians]] {{stub/scotpol}} ggjv1l2cgnnvb2vr5fk1g4fyjpf30qm 0 204104 918456 917511 2026-06-20T06:58:31Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918456 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group|group=Scots Americans <br /> ''Ameireaganaich Albannach''|pop='''Scottish Americans'''<br />20–25 million<ref name="McCarthy">James McCarthy and Euan Hague, 'Race, Nation, and Nature: The Cultural Politics of "Celtic" Identification in the American West', ''Annals of the Association of American Geographers'', Volume 94 Issue 2 (5 Nov 2004), p. 392, citing J. Hewitson, ''Tam Blake and Co.: The Story of the Scots in America'' (Edinburgh: Canongate Books, 1993).</ref><ref name="Scotlandnow">{{Cite web|url=http://www.friendsofscotland.gov.uk/scotlandnow/issue-07/arts/tartan-day.html|title=Tartan Day 2007|date=2012-04-15|work=Scotland Now, Issue 7 (March 2007) via internet archive|access-date=2021-12-22|archive-date=2012-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415205446/http://www.friendsofscotland.gov.uk/scotlandnow/issue-07/arts/tartan-day.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref><ref name="SPOR">{{cite web |url=http://www.scottish.parliament.uk//business/officialReports/meetingsParliament/or-02/sor0911-02.htm |title=Scottish Parliament: Official Report, 11 September 2002, Col. 13525 |publisher=Scottish.parliament.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-08-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807041559/http://www.scottish.parliament.uk//business/officialReports/meetingsParliament/or-02/sor0911-02.htm |archivedate=7 August 2011 |df= }}</ref><ref name="SPEERCA">{{cite web |url=http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/business/committees/europe/papers-04/eup04-20.pdf |title=Scottish Parliament: European and External Relations Committee Agenda, 20th Meeting 2004 (Session 2), 30 November 2004, EU/S2/04/20/1 |publisher=Scottish.parliament.uk |date=2011-08-14 |accessdate=2012-08-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605215530/http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/business/committees/europe/papers-04/eup04-20.pdf |archivedate=5 June 2011 |df= }}</ref><br /><small>'''Up to 8.3% of the U.S. population'''</small><br />'''Scotch-Irish Americans'''<br />27–30 million<ref name="BFFF">James Webb, ''Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America'' (New York: Broadway Books, 2004), front flap: 'More than 27 million Americans today can trace their lineage to the Scots, whose bloodline was stained by centuries of continuous warfare along the border between England and Scotland, and later in the bitter settlements of England's Ulster Plantation in Northern Ireland.' {{ISBN|0-7679-1688-3}}</ref><ref name="Secret">James Webb, [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB109814129391148708 Secret GOP Weapon: The Scots Irish Vote], ''Wall Street Journal'' (23 October 2004). Accessed 7 September 2008.</ref><br /><small>'''Up to 10% of the U.S. population'''<br />'''5,310,285''' (2013 ACS) Scottish</small><ref name="United States Census Bureau">{{cite web|title=Total ancestry categories tallied for people with one or more ancestry categories reported 2010 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_1YR_B04003&prodType=table|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=30 November 2012}}</ref>|popplace=Predominantly in [[New England]], [[Appalachia]] an the [[Deep South]] Plurality in [[New York (state)|New York]], [[West Virginia]], [[Idaho]], [[North Carolina]], [[Florida]] an [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name="Scots-Irish Americans">{{cite web|url=http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Pa-Sp/Scottish-and-Scotch-Irish-Americans.html|title=Scottish and scotch-irish americans|first=Mary A.|last=Hess|work=www.everyculture.com|access-date=25 November 2025}}</ref>|langs=[[English language|English]] <small>([[American English|American English dialects]])</small> [[Scottish Gaelic]] an [[Scots language|Scots]] speaking minorities|rels=[[Christianity]] (including [[Presbyterianism]], [[Baptist]], [[Pentecostalism]], [[Methodist]], [[Protestantism]] an [[Roman Catholicism]]), ither releegions (including [[deism]]<ref>Church, College, and Clergy, Page 76, Brian J. Fraser - 1995</ref>)|related=[[Scotch-Erse Americans]], [[Inglis Americans]], [[Irish Americans]], [[Welsh Americans]], [[Breetish Americans]], [[Scots Canadians]], [[Scotch-Erse Canadians]], [[Scots Australians]]}}'''Scots Americans''' ([[Scots Gaelic]]: ''Ameireaganaich Albannach''; {{Lang-sco|Scots-American}}) are [[Americans]] whase ancestry oreeginates halely or pairtly in [[Scotland]]. [[Scots fowk|Scots]] Americans are closely relatit tae [[Scotch-Irish Americans|Scotch-Erse Americans]], descendants o [[Ulster-Scots fowk|Ulster Scots]], an communities emphasize an handsel a common heritage.<ref name="Ref_a">Celeste Ray, 'Introduction', p. 6, id., 'Scottish Immigration and Ethnic Organization in the United States', pp. 48-9, 62, 81, in id. (ed.), ''The Transatlantic Scots'' (Tuscaloosa, AL:[[University of Alabama Press]], 2005).</ref> The majority o Scotch-Erse Americans oreeginally cam frae Lawland Scotland an Northren Ingland afore migrating tae the province o [[Ulster]] in [[Ireland]] (see ''[[Plantation of Ulster|Plantation o Ulster]]'') an thance, beginnin aboot five [[generation]]s later, tae North Americae in lairge nummers in the aichteent century. Lairge-scale emigration frae Scotland tae Americae began in the 1700s, accelerating efter the [[Jacobite risin o 1745]], the resultin breakup o the clan structurs, an the [[Hieland Clearances]]. Displaced Scots gaed in sairch o a better life an sattled in the thirteen colonies, ineetially aroond [[Sooth Carolina]] an [[Virginie|Virginia]], an then faur in successive generations.{{cn}} == Nummer o Scots Americans == {| class="wikitable sortable" style= ! colspan="5" |Nummer o Scots Americans |- !Year !Ref. !Population ! colspan="4" |% o the Unitit States population |- | style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;" |1980 |<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> |10,048,816 |align=right|4.44 |- | style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;" |1990 |<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> |5,393,581 |align=right|2.2 |- | style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;" |2000 |<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> |4,890,581 |align=right|1.7 |- | style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;" |2010 |<ref name="factfinder.census.gov">[http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_1YR_B04003&prodType=table "Total ancestry categories tallied for people with one or more ancestry categories reported 2010 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150323041850/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_1YR_B04003&prodType=table |date=2015-03-23 }} United States Census Bureau</ref> |5,460,679 |align=right|3.1 |- ! colspan="5" |Nummer o Scotch-Erse Americans |- !Year !Ref. !Population ! colspan="4" |% o the Unitit States population |- | style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;" |1980 |<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> |16,418 |align=right|0.007 |- | style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;" |1990 |<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> |5,617,773 |align=right|2.3 |- | style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;" |2000 |<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> |4,319,232 |align=right|1.5 |- | style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;" |2010 |<ref name="factfinder.census.gov" /> |3,257,161 |align=right|1.9 |- |} == Colonial period 1700 - 1775 == Accordin tae the Unitit States Historical Census Data Base (USHCDB), the ethnic populations in the Breetish American Colonies o 1700, 1755 an 1775 war: {| class="sort wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 90%" ! colspan="6" |Ethnic mak up in the Breetish American Colonies o 1700{{•}}1755{{•}}1775 <ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref><ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/><ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> |- ! style="background:#efefef;" |1700 ! style="background:#efefef;" |Percent ! style="background:#efefef;" |1755 ! style="background:#efefef;" |Percent ! style="background:#efefef;" |1775 ! style="background:#efefef;" |Percent |- |[[Inglis fowk|Inglis]] an [[Welsh American|Welsh]] |80.0% |Inglis an Welsh |52.0% |Inglis |48.7% |- |[[African Americans|African]] |11.0% |African |20.0% |African |20.0% |- |[[Dutch fowk|Dutch]] |4.0% |German |7.0% |'''Scots-Erse''' |'''7.8%''' |- |'''[[Scottish American|Scots]]''' |'''3.0%''' |'''[[Scots-Irish American|Scots-Erse]]''' |'''7.0%''' |[[German American|German]] |6.9% |- |Ither European |2.0% |[[Irish American|Erse]] |5.0% |'''Scots''' |'''6.6%''' |- | | |'''Scots''' |'''4.0%''' |Dutch |2.7% |- | | |Dutch |3.0% |[[French American|French]] |1.4% |- | | |Ither European |2.0% |[[Swedish American|Swades]] |0.6% |- | | | | |Ither |5.3% |- bgcolor="lightgrey" class="sortbottom" ![[File:Union_flag_1606_(Kings_Colors).svg|border|25x25px]] Colonies !100% ![[File:Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_(1707-1800).svg|border|25x25px]] Colonies !100% ![[File:Grand_Union_Flag.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Thirteen Colonies]] !100% |- |} === Census === The nummer o Americans o Scots strynd the day is estimatit tae be 20 tae 25 million (up tae 8.3% o the tot US population), an Scotch-Erse 27 tae 30 million (up tae 10% o the tot US population), the subgroups owerlapping an no aye distinguishable acause o thair skared ancestral [[surname]]s.{{cn}} The majority o Scotch-Erse Americans oreeginally cam frae Lawland Scotland an Northren Ingland afore migrating tae the province o [[Ulster]] in [[Ireland]] (see ''[[Plantation of Ulster|Plantation o Ulster]]'') an thance, beginnin aboot five [[generation]]s later, tae North Americae in lairge nummers in the aichteent century.{{cn}} The table shaws the ethnic Scots population in the Unitit States frae 1700 tae 2013. In 1700 the tot population o the American colonies wis 250,888, o that 223,071 (89%) war white an 3.0% war ethnically Scots.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref><ref name="Colonial America To 1763">[https://books.google.com/books?id=BZRJSx3uMYEC&pg=PA128&lpg=PA128&dq=united+states+1700+223,071&source=bl&ots=afB35FaHOv&sig=tGL9u-SAvrR8gB3Dh_5gFl2roPo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDMQ6AEwBGoVChMIq43C-ZK4xwIVZBfbCh1HXgs9#v=onepage&q=united%20states%201700%20223%2C071&f=false Colonial America To 1763] By Thomas L. Purvis].</ref> In the 2000 census, 4.8 million Americans<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> sel-reportit Scots ancestry, 1.7% o the tot US population. Anither 4.3 million sel-reportit [[Scotch-Irish American|Scotch-Erse]] ancestry, for a tot o 9.2 million Americans sel-reportin some kynd o Scots strynd. Sel-reportit nummers are regairdit bi demographers as muckle unner-coonts, acause Scots ancestry is kent tae be disproportionately unner-reportit amang the majority o mixed ancestry,<ref name="Ref_y">Mary C. Walters, ''Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), pp. 31-6.</ref> an acause aries whaur fowk reportit "American" ancestry war the places whaur, historically, Scots an Scotch-Erse [[Protestantism|Protestants]] sattled in [[North Americae|Americae]] (that is: alang the North American coast, [[Appalachia]], an the Sootheastren [[Unitit States]]). Scots Americans descended frae nineteent-century Scots emigrants tend tae be concentrated in the Wast, while mony in [[New Ingland]] are the descendants o emigrants, eften Gaelic-speakin, frae the [[Maritime Provinces]] o [[Canadae]], frae the 1880s onwart. Americans o Scots strynd ootnummer the population o Scotland, whaur 4,459,071 or 88.09% o fowk identified as ethnic Scots in the 2001 Census.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref><ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> === Scots Americans bi state === {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; font-size:87%;" ! colspan="6" |Confeerance atween the 1790 an 2000 census |- ! colspan="3" |1790 estimates<ref name="The Source: Gen">{{Cite book}}</ref> ! colspan="3" |2000 Census<ref name="The Source: Gen" /> |- !Ancestry !Nummer !% o tot !Ancestry !Nummer !% o tot |- |Inglis |1,900,000 |47.5 |German |42,885,162 |15.2 |- |[[African Americans|African]] |750,000 |19.0 |African |36,419,434 |12.9 |- |'''Scotch-Erse''' |'''320,000''' |'''8.0''' |Erse |30,594,130 |10.9 |- |[[German American|German]] |280,000 |7.0 |Inglis |24,515,138 |8.7 |- |[[Erse fowk|Erse]] |200,000 |5.0 |[[Mexican American|Mexican]] |20,640,711 |7.3 |- |[[Scots fowk|Scots]] |'''160,000''' |'''4.0''' |[[Italian American|Italian]] |15,723,555 |5.6 |- |Welsh |120,000 |3.0 |French |10,846,018 |3.9 |- |[[Dutch American|Dutch]] |100,000 |2.5 |[[Hispanic an Latino Americans|Hispanic]] |10,017,244 |3.6 |- |[[French American|French]] |80,000 |2.0 |[[Polish American|Pols]] |8,977,444 |3.2 |- |[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] |50,000 |1.0 |'''Scots''' |'''4,890,581''' |'''1.7''' |- |[[Spanish American|Spaingie]] |20,000 |0.5 |Dutch |4,542,494 |1.6 |- |[[Swedish American|Swades]] <small>or Ither</small> |20,000 |0.5 |[[Norwegian American|Norse]] |4,477,725 |1.6 |- | | | |'''Scotch-Erse''' |'''4,319,232''' |'''1.5''' |- |[[British Americans|Breetish]] (Tot) |2,500,000 |62.5 |Breetish (Tot)<br /><br /> |36,564,465 |12.9 |- |- bgcolor="lightgrey" class="sortbottom" |'''{{Flagcountry|USA}}''' |3,929,326 <ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> |100 |'''{{Flagcountry|USA}}''' |281,421,906 |100 |} The states wi the laigest [[Scots fowk|Scots]] populations:<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> * [[Californie]] - 519,955 (1.4% o state population) * [[Texas]] - 369,161 (1.5%) * [[Florida]] - 296,667 (1.6%) * [[North Carolina]] - 245,021 (2.6%) * [[Michigan]] - 227,372 (2.3%) * [[New York]] - 215,898 (1.1%) * [[Ohio]] - 214,649 (1.9%) * [[Washington (state)|Washington]] - 200,085 (3.0%) The states wi the tap percentages o Scots residents: * [[Maine]] (5.5% o state population) * [[Utah]] (4.6%) * [[New Hampshire]] (4.4%) * [[Vermont]] (4.3%) * [[Wyoming]] (3.7%) * [[Idaho]] (3.3%) * [[Oregon]], [[Montana]] (3.1% each) * [[Washington (state)|Washington]] (3.0%) == Historical contreibutions == === Explorers === The first Scots in [[North Americae]] cam wi the [[Vikings]]. A Christian [[bard]] frae the [[Hebrides]] accompanied [[Bjarni Herjolfsson]] on his vaige aroond [[Greenland]] in 985/6 whit sichted the mainland tae the wast.<ref>''Grænlendinga Saga'' (c. 1190), 2, tr. Magnus Magnusson and Hermann Pálsson, in ''The Vinland Sagas'' (Penguin: Harmondsworth, Middx, 1965), pp. 51-2, 107.</ref><ref name="Ref_c">Michael Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'' (New York: Thomas Dunne, 2005), p. 7.</ref> The first Scots recorded as haein set fit in the [[New Warld]] war a man named Haki an a woman named Hekja, sclaves awned bi [[Leif Ericsson|Leif Eiriksson]]. The Scots couple war runners wha scooted for [[Thorfinn Karlsefni]]'s expedeetion in c. 1010, gaithering [[wheat]] an the [[grape]]s for whit [[Vinland]] wis named.<ref>''Eirik's Saga'' (c. 1260), 8, tr. Magnusson and Palsson, in ''Vinland Sagas'', pp. 95, 109.</ref><ref name="Ref_d">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 8-9.</ref> The controversial [[Zeno brothers|Zeno letters]] hae been ceeted in defence o a claim that [[Henry I Sinclair, Yerl o Orkney|Henry Sinclair, Yerl o Orkney]], veesited [[Nova Scotia]] in 1398.<ref name="Ref_e">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 10.</ref> In the early years o [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|Spaingie colonisation o the Americaes]], a Scot named Tam Blake spent 20 years in [[Colombie]] an [[Mexico]]. He teuk pairt in the conquest o [[New Kingdom of Granada|New Granada]] in 1532 wi [[Pedro de Heredia#Inland Expeditions and Trials of Residence|Alonso de Heredia]]. He arrived in Mexico in 1534-5, an jyned [[Francisco Vázquez de Coronado|Coronado]]'s 1540 expedeetion tae the [[Southwestern United States|American Southwast]].<ref name="Hewitson">Jim Hewitson, ''Tam Blake & Co.: The Story of the Scots in America'' (Edinburgh: Orion, 1993), pp. 12-13.</ref><ref name="Ref_f">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 11.</ref> Scots-American naturalist [[John Muir]] is mebbe best kent for his exploration o Californie's Sierra Nevada muntains in the 19t century.{{cn}} === Tredders === [[File:James_VI_and_I.jpg|thumb|[[James VI, Keeng o Scots|James VI an I]], c. 1604]] [[File:The_Americas_in_the_reign_of_James_I.jpg|thumb|The [[Americae]]s in the ring o James VI, 1619]] Efter the [[Union o the Crouns]] o [[Scotland]] an [[Ingland]] in 1603, [[James VI, Keeng o Scots|Keeng James VI]], a Scot, promuived jynt expedeetions owerseas, an became the founder o [[British America|Inglis America]].<ref name="Ref_g">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 12.</ref> The first permanent Inglis sattlement in the Americaes, [[Jamestown, Virginie|Jamestown]], wis sicweys named for a Scot. The earliest Scots communities in Americae war firmed bi tredders an [[Plantation economy|planters]] raither than fermer sattlers.<ref name="Fry, p. 19">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 19.</ref> The hub o Scots commercial acteevity in the colonial period wis [[Virginie]]. Regular contacts began wi the [[Penal transportation|transportation]] o [[indentured servants]] tae the colony frae Scotland, includin preesoners takken in the [[Wars o the Three Kinricks]].<ref name="USA">Alex Murdoch, "USA", Michael Lynch (ed), ''The Oxford Companion to Scottish History'' (Oxford University Press, 2001), pp. 629-633.</ref> Bi the 1670s [[Glesga]] wis the main ootlet for Virginian [[tabaccae]], in open defiance o Inglis [[Navigation Acts|restrictions on colonial tred]]; in return the colony received Scots manufactured guids, emigrants an ideas.<ref name="USA"/><ref name="Ref_h">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 18, 19.</ref> In the 1670s an 1680s [[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]] [[Dissenter]]s fled persecution bi the [[Cavalier|Royalist]] [[Privy Cooncil o Scotland|privy cooncil]] in [[Edinburgh]] tae sattle in [[Sooth Carolina|South Carolina]] an [[New Jersey]], whaur thay kept thair distinctive releegious cultur.<ref name="USA" /> Tred atween Scotland an the American colonies wis finally regularized bi the parliamentary [[Acts o Union 1707|Act o Union]] o Scotland an Ingland in 1707. [[Demografie o Scotland|Population growthe]] an the [[Hieland Clearances|commercialization o agricultur]] in Scotland encouraged mass emigration tae Americae efter the [[French and Indian War|French an Indian War]],<ref name="Fry, p. 20">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 20.</ref> a fecht whit haed awso seen the first uise o [[Scottish regiment|Scots Hieland regiments]] as Indian fechters.<ref name="USA"/> Mair nor 50,000 Scots, principally frae the wast coast,<ref name="USA"/> sattled in the [[Thirteen Colonies]] atween 1763 an 1776, the majority o thir in thair awn communities in the [[Soothren Unitit States|South]],<ref name="Fry, p. 20"/> especially [[North Carolina]], awtho Scots individuals an families awso began tae appear as professionals an artisans in every American toun.<ref name="USA" /> Scots arrivin in [[Florida]] an the [[Gulf Coast of the United States|Gulf Coast]] tredded extensively wi [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]].<ref name="Ref_i">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 41.</ref> === Fowk an gospel music === American [[Bluegrass music|bluegrass]] an [[American folk music|fowk music]] styles hae some o thair roots in the Appalachian ballad cultur o Scotch-Erse Americans (predominantly originating frae the "Border Ballad" tradeetion o soothren Scotland an northren Ingland). Fiddle tunes frae the Scots repertoire, as thay developit in the aichteent century, an spread rapidly intae British colonies, awtho whiles throu the medium o prent raither than aurally. Ootside o Gaelic-speakin communities, houiver, characteristic Hieland muisical idioms, sic as the “Scotch-snap,”<ref name="Cite journal">{{Cite journal}}</ref> war flattened oot an assimilated intae anglophone muisical styles. Some African American communities war influenced muisically bi the Scots American communities in whit thay war embedded. Psalm-singing an gospel music hae acome central muisical experiences for African American churchgoers an some elements o thir styles war introduced, in thir communities, bi Scots (awtho thay war awso mair widespread at this time).<ref name="Cite journal"/> psalm-singing, or "[[precenting the line]]" as it is technically kent, in whit the psalms are cawed oot an the congregation sings a response, wis a form o muisical worship initially developit for non-literate congregations an Africans in America war exposed tae this bi Scots Gaelic sattlers as weel as immigrants o ither origins. The first foreign leid spoken bi some sclaves in Americae wis [[Scots Gaelic]] picked up frae Gaelic-speakin immigrants frae the Scots Hielands an Wastren Isles.<ref name="Cite journal"/> Thare are accounts o African Americans singing Gaelic sangs an playin Scots Gaelic music on bagpipes an fiddle. === Patriots an Loyalists === The ceevic tradeetion o the [[Scots Enlichtment|Scots Enlichtenment]] contreebuted tae the intellectual ferment o the [[American Revolution]].<ref name="USA"/> In 1740, the Glesga philosopher [[Francis Hutcheson (philosopher)|Francis Hutcheson]] argued for a richt o colonial resistance tae tyranny.<ref name="Ref_j">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 28-29.</ref> Scotland's leadin thinkers o the revolutionary age, [[David Hume]] an [[Adam Smith]], opposed the uise o force against the rebellious colonies.<ref name="Ref_k">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 29-32.</ref> Accordin tae the historian [[Arthur Herman]]: "Americans built thair warld aroond the principles o Adam Smith an [[Thomas Reid]], o individual interest governed bi common sense an a limited need for govrenment."<ref name="Ref_l">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 154.</ref> Nineteen o the fifty-sax delegates wha signed the [[Unitit States Declaration o Unthirldom|Declaration o Independence]] cam frae Scotland or Ulster or, lik the Scots-tutored [[Thomas Jefferson]], haed ancestors thare.<ref name="Ref_m">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 32-38.</ref> Ither [[Founding fathers|funding faithers]] lik [[James Madison]] haed nae ancestral connection but war imbued wi ideas drawn frae Scots moral philosophy.<ref name="Ref_n">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 38-40.</ref> Scots Americans wha made major contreibutions tae the revolutionary war included Commodore [[John Paul Jones]], the "Faither o the American Navy", an Generals [[Henry Knox]] an [[William Alexander (American general)|William Alexander]]. Anither person o note wis a personal friend o George Washington, General [[Hugh Mercer]], wha fecht for [[Charles Edward Stuart]] at the [[Battle o Culloden]]. The Scotch-Erse, wha haed already begun tae sattle beyond the [[Proclamation Line]] in the [[Ohio River|Ohio]] an [[Tennessee Valley]]s, war drawn intae rebellion as war spread tae the frontier.<ref name="Ref_o">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 13, 23.</ref> Tobacco plantations an independent ferms in the backcountry o Virginie, [[Maryland]] an the [[Carolinas]] haed been financed wi Scots credit, an indebtedness wis an additional incentive for separation.<ref name="Fry, p. 19"/> Maist Scots Americans haed commercial ties wi the auld kintra or [[Scots clan|clan]] allegiances an steyed true tae [[the Crown]].<ref name="Ref_p">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 13, 24-26.</ref> The Scots Hieland communities o [[upstate New York]] an the [[Cape Fear (region)|Cape Fear]] valley o North Carolina war centers o [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] resistance.<ref name="USA"/> A wee force o Loyalist [[Scots Hielands|Hielanders]] fell at the [[Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge|Battle o Moore's Creek Bridge]] in 1776. Scotch-Erse [[Patriot (American Revolution)|Patriots]] defeatit Scots American Loyalists in the [[Battle of Kings Mountain|Battle o Kings Mountain]] in 1780.<ref name="Ref_q">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 28.</ref> Mony Scots American Loyalists emigrated tae Canadae efter the war.<ref name="USA" /> === Uncle Sam === [[File:Unclesamwantyou.jpg|thumb|[[Uncle Sam|"Uncle Sam" Wilson]] wis based on [[Samuel Wilson]].]] [[Uncle Sam]] is the [[national personification]] o the [[Unitit States]], an whiles mair specifically o the [[Federal govrenment o the Unitit States|American govrenment]], wi the first uise o the term datin frae the [[War o 1812]]. Uncle Sam wis based on a businessman frae [[Troy, New York]], [[Samuel Wilson]], whase parents sailed tae Americae frae [[Greenock]], [[Scotland]]. He providit the airmy wi beef an pork in barrels during the War o 1812. The barrels war prominently labeled "U.S." for the Unitit States, but it wis jokingly said that the letters stood for "Uncle Sam." Suin, Uncle Sam wis uised as shorthand for the federal govrenment. === Emigrants an free tredders === Tred wi Scotland continued tae flourish efter unthirldom. The tobacco tred wis owertaken in the nineteent century bi the [[cotton]] tred, wi Glesga factories exporting the finished textiles back tae the Unitit States on an industrial scale.<ref name="Ref_r">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 19, 41.</ref> Emigration frae Scotland peaked in the nineteent century, when mair nor a million Scots left for the Unitit States,<ref name="Ref_s">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 193.</ref> takkin advantage o the regular Atlantic steam-age shipping industry whit wis itsel lairgely a Scots creation,<ref name="Ref_t">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 194.</ref> contributing tae a revolution in transatlantic communication.<ref name="USA"/> Scots emigration tae the Unitit States followed, tae a lesser extent, during the twintiet century, when Scots hivy industry declined.<ref name="Ref_u">Evans, Nicholas J., 'The Emigration of Skilled Male Workers from Clydeside during the Interwar Period', ''International Journal of Maritime History'', Volume XVIII, Number 1 (2006), pp. 255-280.</ref> This new wave peaked in the first decade o the twintiet century, contributing tae a haurd life for mony wha remained behind. Mony qualified workers emigrated owerseas, a pairt o whit, estaiblished in Canadae, later gaed on tae the Unitit States.<ref name="everyculture">[http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Pa-Sp/Scottish-and-Scots-Irish-Americans.html Everyculture:Scottish American]{{Dead link|date=May 2018}}. Posted by Mary A. Hess. Retrieved January 3, 2012, to 1:25 pm.</ref> === Writers === In the nineteent century, American authors an educators adoptit Scotland as a model for cultural unthirldom.<ref name="USA"/> In the warld o letters, Scots literary icons [[James Macpherson]], [[Robert Burns]], [[Walter Scott]], an [[Thomas Carlyle]] haed a mass follaein in the Unitit States, an Scots [[Romanticism]] exerted a seminal influence on the development o American leeteratur.<ref name="USA" /> The warks o [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]] an [[Nathaniel Hawthorne]] bear its pouerful impression. Amang the maist weel-kent Scots American writers o the nineteent century war [[Washington Irving]], [[James Fenimore Cooper]], [[Edgar Allan Poe]] an [[Herman Melville]]. Poet [[James Mackintosh Kennedy]] wis cawed tae Scotland tae deliver the offeecial poem for the 600th anniversary o the [[Battle o Bannockburn]] in 1914. In the twintiet century, [[Margaret Mitchell]]'s ''[[Gane wi the Wind|Gane Wi the Wind]]'' wis a lairge pairt o popular leeteratur. [[William Faulkner]] won the [[Nobel Prize in Leeteratur]] in 1949. Thare hae been a nummer o weel-kent [[Scots Gaelic]] poets active in the Unitit States syne the aichteent century,<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/><ref name="Cite journal"/> includin [[Aonghas MacAoidh]]<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> an [[Domhnall Aonghas Stiùbhart]].<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> Ane o the few relics o Gaelic leeteratur componed in the Unitit States is a lullaby componed bi an anonymous wumman in the Carolinas during the American Revolutionary War.<ref name="Cite journal"/><ref name="Cite journal"/> It remains popular tae this day in Scotland. Mair nor 160,000 Scots emigrants migrated tae the U.S. American statesmen o Scots strynd in the early Republic included [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Secretary o the Treasury]] [[Alexander Hamilton]], [[United States Secretary of War|Secretary o War]] [[Henry Knox]], an [[Preses o the Unitit States|Preses]] [[James Monroe]]. [[Andrew Jackson]] an [[James K. Polk]] war whit we nou caw Scotch-Erse preses an products o the frontier in the period o [[History of the United States (1789–1849)#Westward expansion|Wastward expansion]]. Amang the maist famous Scots American soldier frontiersmen wis [[Sam Houston]], funding faither o [[Texas]]. Ither Scotch-Erse preses included [[James Buchanan]], [[Andrew Johnson]], [[Chester A. Arthur|Chester Alan Arthur]], [[William McKinley]] an [[Richard Nixon|Richard M. Nixon]]. [[Ulysses S. Grant]], [[Theodore Roosevelt]] (throu his mither), [[Woodrow Wilson]], [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], an [[Ronald Reagan]] war o Scots strynd.<ref name="Ref_v">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 53.</ref> Bi ane estimate, 75% o U.S. preses coud claim some Scots ancestry.<ref name="Ref_w">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 60-61.</ref> [[File:Samuel_houston.jpg|thumb|[[Sam Houston]] wis Scotch-Erse ([[Ulster-Scots fowk|Ulster Scots]]) strynd, an namesake for the ceety o [[Houston]], Texas.<ref name="Haley">[https://books.google.com/books?id=y3uHDkltcIQC&pg=PA5&dq=sam+houston+scotland&cd=1# James L. Haley, ''Sam Houston''], Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2004</ref>]] Scots Americans fecht on baith sides o the [[American Ceevil War|Civil War]], an a monument tae thair memory wis erected in [[Edinburgh]], Scotland, in 1893. [[Winfield Scott]], Grant, [[Joseph E. Johnston]], [[Irvin McDowell]], [[James B. McPherson]], [[Jeb Stuart]] an [[John B. Gordon]] war o Scots strynd, [[George B. McClellan]] an [[Stonewall Jackson]] Scotch-Erse.<ref name="Ref_x">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 53, 72.</ref> [[Douglas MacArthur]] an [[George Marshall]] uphauldit the martial tradeetion in the twintiet century. [[Grace Hopper|Grace Murray Hopper]], a [[rear admiral]] an [[computer scientist]], wis the auldest officer an hiest-rankin wumman in the U.S. airmed forces on her retirement at the age o 80 in 1986.<ref name="computing">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 219-220.</ref> [[Isabella Cannon]], the umwhile [[Raleigh, North Carolina|Mayor o]] [[Raleigh, North Carolina]], wis the first female mayor o a U.S. state caipital.<ref name="Trump">{{Cite news}}</ref> === Automakers === The Scots-born [[Alexander Winton]] biggit ane o the first American [[automobile]]s in 1896, an specialised in [[motor racin]]. He breuk the warld speed record in 1900.<ref name="automotive">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', p. 221.</ref> In 1903, he wis the first man tae drive cross the Unitit States.<ref name="automotive" /> [[David Dunbar Buick]], anither Scots emigrant, fundit [[Buick]] in 1903.<ref name="automotive" /> The Scots-born William Blackie transfirmed the [[Caterpillar Inc.|Caterpillar Tractor Company]] intae a lairge multinational corporation.<ref name="automotive" /> === Motorcycle manufacturer === [[File:Harley_Davidson_founders.jpg|thumb|Clockwise tap left: William S. Harley, William A. Davidson, Walter Davidson, Sr., Arthur Davidson]] [[Harley-Davidson]] Inc<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> (formerly HDI<ref name="Trump"/>), eften abbreviated "H-D" or "Harley", is an American [[motorcycle]] manufacturer. The Davidson brithers war the sons o William C Davidson (1846-1923) wha wis born an grew up in [[Angus|Angus, Scotland]], an Margaret Adams McFarlane (1843-1933) o Scots strynd frae the wee Scots hame o [[Cambridge, Wisconsin]]. Thay raised five bairns thegither: Janet May, William A., [[Arthur Davidson (motorcycling)|Walter]], Arthur an Elizabeth.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> === Aviation === Scots Americans hae makt a major contreibution tae the US [[aircraft industry]]. [[Alexander Graham Bell]], in pairtnership wi [[Samuel Pierpont Langley]], biggit the first machine capable o flicht, the [[Aviation history#Langley|Bell-Langley aeroplane]], in 1903.<ref name="flight">Fry, ''How the Scots Made America'', pp. 221-223.</ref> [[Lockheed Corporation|Lockheed]] wis stairtit bi twa brithers, [[Allan Loughead|Allan]] an [[Malcolm Loughead]], in 1926.<ref name="flight" /> [[Douglas Aircraft Company|Douglas]] wis fundit bi [[Donald Wills Douglas, Sr.]] in 1921; he lenched the warld's first commercial passenger plane, the [[DC-3]], in 1935.<ref name="flight" /> [[McDonnell Aircraft]] wis fundit bi [[James Smith McDonnell]], in 1939, an became famous for its meelitary [[Jet aircraft|jets]].<ref name="flight" /> In 1967, McDonnell an Douglas [[McDonnell Douglas|merged]] an jyntly developit jet aircraft, [[missile]]s an [[spacecraft]].<ref name="flight" /> === Spaceflicht === Scots Americans war pioneers in [[Human spaceflight|human spaceflicht]]. The [[Project Mercury|Mercury]] an [[Project Gemini|Gemini]] capsules war biggit bi James Smith McDonnell.<ref name="flight"/> The first American in space, [[Alan Shepard]], the first American in orbit, [[John Glenn]], an the first man tae flee free in space, [[Bruce McCandless II]], war Scots Americans.<ref name="flight" /> The first men on the muin, [[Neil Armstrong]] an [[Buzz Aldrin]], war awso o Scots strynd; Armstrong wore a [[kilt]] in a parade throu his ancestral home o [[Langholm]] in the [[The Mairches|Scots Mairches]] in 1972.<ref name="flight"/> Ither Scots American muinwalkers war the fowert, [[Alan Bean]], the fift, Alan Shepard, the seivent, [[David Scott]] (awso the first tae drive on the muin), an the aicht, [[James Irwin]].<ref name="flight" /> === Computing === Scots Americans hae awso been leaders in [[computin]]g an [[information technology]]. Scots Americans [[Howard Aiken]] an [[Grace Hopper|Grace Murray Hopper]] makt the first automatic sequence computer in 1939.<ref name="computing"/> Hopper wis awso the co-inventor o the [[Computer language|computer leid]] [[COBOL]].<ref name="computing" /> [[Ross Perot]], anither Scots American entrepreneur, makt his fortune frae [[Electronic Data Systems]], an [[Outsourcing|ootsoorcing]] company he estaiblished in 1962.<ref name="computing"/> Software giant [[Microsoft]] wis co-fundit in 1975 bi [[Bill Gates]], wha owed his stairt in pairt tae his mither, the Scots American businesswumman [[Mary Maxwell Gates]], wha helped her son tae get his first software contract wi IBM.<ref name="computing"/> Glesga-born Microsoft employee Richard Tait helped develop the ''[[Encarta]]'' encyclopedia an co-creatit the popular [[Buird gemme|buird game]] [[Cranium (board game)|Cranium]].<ref name="computing" /> === Cuisine === Scots Americans hae helped tae define the modren American diet bi introducing mony distinctive foods.{{cn}} [[Fried chicken]] wis introduced intae the [[Southern Colonies|Soothren Colonies]] bi Scots sattlers. [[Philip Danforth Armour]] fundit [[Armour and Company|Armour Meats]] in 1867, revolutionizing the American meatpacking industry an acomin famous for [[hot dogs]]. [[Campbell Soups]] wis fundit in 1869 bi Joseph A. Campbell an rapidly grew intae a major manufacturer o [[Soup|canned soups]]. [[Will Keith Kellogg|W. K. Kellogg]] transformed American eatin habits frae 1906 bi popularizing [[Breakfast cereal|brakfast cereal]]. [[Glen Bell]], funder o [[Taco Bell]] in 1962, introduced [[Tex-Mex]] fuid tae a mainstream audience.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/><ref>[https://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/04/23/150886690/the-california-taco-trail-how-mexican-food-conquered-america The California Taco Trail], NPR (April 26, 2012).</ref> Marketing executive [[Arch West]], born tae Scots emigrant parents, developit [[Doritos]].<ref name="Trump">{{Cite news}}</ref> == Community activities == Some o the followin aspects o Scots cultur can still be foond in some pairts o the US. * [[Bagpipe|Bagpiping]] an pipe bands * [[Burns supper|Burns Supper]]<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> * Ceilidhs * [[Hogmanay]], the Scots [[New Year]] * [[St Andra's Day|St. Andrew's Day]] festivities * [[Tartan]] - some places in the US hae thair awn tartan, an Scots dress is worn bi some Americans tae celebrate thair ancestral heritage. === Tartan Day === [[File:MHPB_New_York.jpg|left|thumb|[[Tartan Day]] parade in New York Ceety]] [[Tartan Day|National Tartan Day]], hauldit each year on Apryle 6 in the [[Unitit States]] an [[Canadae]], celebrates the historical links atween Scotland an [[North Americae|North America]] an the contreibutions [[Scots fowk|Scots]] Americans an Canadians hae made tae US an Canadian [[democracy]], [[Industrie|industry]] an society. The date o Apryle 6 wis chosen as "the anniversary o the [[Declaration o Aiberbrothock|Declaration o Arbroath]] in 1320—the inspirational document, according tae [[Unitit States Senate|U.S. Senate]] Resolution 155, 1999, upon whit the [[Unitit States Declaration o Unthirldom|American Declaration o Independence]] wis modeled".<ref name="Ref_an">Edward J. Cowan, "Tartan Day in America", in Celeste Ray (ed.), ''The Transatlantic Scots'' (Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press, 2005), p. 318.</ref> The Annual Tartan Week celebrations come tae life every Apryle wi the lairgest celebration takkin place in New York Ceety. Thoosands descend ontae the streets o the Big Apple tae celebrate thair heritage, cultur an the impact o the [[Scots fowk|Scots Americans]] in America the day. Hunders o pipers, drummers, Hieland dancers, Scottie Dogs an celebrities mairch doun the streets drowned in thair faimily tartans an Saltire flags whilst interacting wi the thoosands o onlookers. NYC is nae the anely lairge ceety tae celebrate Tartan Day. Lairge events awso tak place in Ohio, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Californie, Chicago, Arizona, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Québec, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Australie, an New Zealand. Scots Heritage Month is awso promoted bi community groups aroond the Unitit States an Canadae.<ref name="Ref_ao">[http://www.electricscotland.com/history/articles/ncscotsmonth.htm National Scots, Scots-Irish Heritage Month in the USA], ElectricScotland.com</ref> === Scots Festivals === [[File:Massed_Bands,_2005_Pacific_Northwest_Highland_Games.jpg|thumb|Massed bands at the 2005 Pacific Northwest Hieland Gemmes<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/>]] Scots cultur, fuid, an athletics are celebrated at [[Hieland gemmes|Hieland Gemmes]] a Scots festivals ootthrou [[North Americae|North America]]. The lairgest o thir occurs yearly at [[Pleasanton, California|Pleasanton, Californie]], [[Grandfather Mountain]], [[North Carolina]] an [[Estes Park, Colorado]]. Thare are awso ither weel-kent Scots Festivals in ceeties lik [[Tulsa|Tulsa, Oklahoma]], [[Atlanta|Atlanta, Georgia]] (at [[Stone Mountain Park]]), [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] an [[St. Louis|St. Louis, Missouri]]. In addeetion tae traditional Scots sports sic as [[Caber toss|tossing the caber]] an the [[hammer throw]], thare are [[whisky]] tastings, traditional foods sic as [[haggis]], [[Bagpipe]]s an [[Drum kit|Drums]] competitions, [[Celtic rock]] muisical acts an tradeetional Scots dance.{{cn}} === Scots Gaelic language in the Unitit States === Awtho [[Scots Gaelic]] haed been spoken in maist o Scotland at ane time or anither, bi the time o lairge-scale migrations tae North America – the aichteent century – it haed anely managed tae survive in the Hielands an Wastren Isles o Scotland. Unlik ither ethnic groups in Scotland, Scots Hielanders preferred tae migrate in communities, an remainin in lairger, denser concentrations aided in the maintenance o thair language an cultur. The first communities o Scots Gaels began migrating in the 1730s tae Georgia, New York an the Carolinas. Anely in the Carolinas war thir hames enduring. Awtho thair nummers war wee, the immigrants formed a beach-heid for later migrations, whit accelerated in the 1760s.<ref>Newton, ''‘We’re Indians Sure Enough’'', pp. 69-83.</ref> The American Revolutionary War effectively stopped direct migration tae the newly-formed Unitit States, maist fowk gaein insteid tae Breetish North Americae (nou Canadae). The Canadian Maritimes war a favored destination frae the 1770s tae the 1840s. Sizable concentrations o Gaelic communities existit in Ontario, Nova Scotia, an Prince Edward Island, wi smawer clusters in Newfoundland, Quebec, an New Brunswick. Those wha left thir communities for opportunities in the Unitit States, especially in New Ingland, war uisually fluent Gaelic speakers intae the mid-twintiet century.<ref>Newton, ''‘We’re Indians Sure Enough’'', pp. 163-175.</ref> O the mony communities foondit bi Scots Hieland immigrants, the language an cultur anely survives at a community level in the Canadian province o [[Nova Scotia]]. Accordin tae the 2000 census, 1,199 fowk speak Scots Gaelic at home.<ref name="The Source: Gen"/> The direct descendants o Scots Hielanders war nae the anely fowk in the Unitit States tae speak the language, houiver. Gaelic wis ane o the leids spoken bi fur tredders in mony pairts o North America. In some pairts o the Carolinas an [[Alabama]], African-American communities spoke Scots Gaelic, parteecularly (but nae solely) due tae the influence o Gaelic-speakin sclave-awners.<ref name="Cite journal"/> Accordin tae musicologist Willie Ruff, jazz muisicker Dizzy Gillespie spoke eften o the Gaelic speakin African-Americans.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> == Weel-kent people == === Preseses o Scots or Scotch-Erse descent === Several [[Preses o the Unitit States]] hae haed some Scots or Scotch-Erse ancestry, awtho the extent o this varies. For ensaumple, [[Donald Trump]]'s mither wis Scots an [[Woodrow Wilson]]'s maternal grandparents war baith Scots. Tae a lesser degree [[Ronald Reagan]], [[Gerald Ford]], [[Chester A. Arthur]] an [[William McKinley]] hae less direct Scots or Scotch-Erse ancestry. ; [[James Monroe]] (Scots an Welsh) : 5th Preses 1817-1825: His paternal great-great-grandfaither, Andrew Monroe, emigrated tae America frae [[Ross-shire]], Scotland in the mid-17th century. ; [[Andrew Jackson]] (Scotch-Erse) : 7th Preses 1829-1837: : He wis born in the predominantly Ulster-Scots [[Waxhaws]] arie o [[Sooth Carolina]] twa years after his parents left [[Boneybefore]], naur [[Craigfergus|Carrickfergus]] in [[Coonty Antrim]].<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> ; [[James K. Polk|James Knox Polk]] (Scots an Scotch-Erse) : 11t Preses, 1845-1849: His Scots paternal great x 5 grandfaither, Robert Pollock, emigrated tae Ireland in the 17t century. The family's surname wis later changed frae Pollock tae Polk.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> ; [[James Buchanan]] (Scots an Scotch-Erse) : 15t Preses, 1857-1861: His paternal great-grandmither, Katherine Blair, wis born in [[Stirlingshire]].<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> ; [[Andrew Johnson]] (Scotch-Erse an Inglis) : 17t Preses, 1865-1869: His grandfaither left [[Mounthill]], naur [[Lairne|Larne]] in [[Coonty Antrim]] aroond 1750 an settled in [[North Carolina]].<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> ; [[Ulysses S. Grant]] (Scots, Scotch-Erse an Inglis) : 18t Preses, 1869-1877: His maternal great-grandfaither, John Simpson, wis born in [[Dergenagh]], [[Coonty Tyrone]].<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> ; [[Rutherford B. Hayes|Rutherford Hayes]] (Scots an Inglis) : 19t Preses, 1877-1881: His ancestor, George Hayes, emigrated frae Scotland tae Connecticut in 1680. ; [[Chester A. Arthur]] (Scotch-Erse, Scots an Inglis) : 21st Preses, 1881-1885: His paternal great-grandmither, Jane Campbell, emigrated frae Scotland tae Coonty Antrim, Ireland.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/><ref name="Ref_ac">Northern Ireland Tourist Board. [http://www.discovernorthernireland.com/Arthur-Cottage-Cullybackey-Ballymena-P8218 ''discovernorthernireland - explore more: Arthur Cottage''] Accessed 03/03/2010. "Arthur Cottage, situated in the heart of County Antrim, only a short walk from the village of Cullybackey is the ancestral home of Chester Alan Arthur, the 21st President of the USA."</ref> ; [[Grover Cleveland]] (Scotch-Erse an Inglis) : 22nd an 24th Preses, 1885-1889 an 1893-1897: Born in [[New Jersey]], he wis the maternal grandson o merchant Abner Neal, wha emigrated frae [[Coonty Antrim]] in the 1790s. He is the anely preses tae hae served non-consecutive terms.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> ; [[Benjamin Harrison]] (Scots, Scotch-Erse an Inglis) : 23rd Preses, 1889-1893: Throu his mither, Elizabeth Irwin, his great x 5 grandfaither, David Irvine, wis born in Aberdeenshire, an emigrated tae Ireland.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/><ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> ; [[William McKinley]] (Scots an Scotch-Erse) : 25t Preses, 1897-1901: His Scots paternal great-great-great-great-grandfaither, James McKinley, settled in Ireland in 1690.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/><ref name="Ref_ae">[http://www.mckinley.lib.oh.us/mckinley/biography.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208050447/http://www.mckinley.lib.oh.us/mckinley/biography.htm |date=2010-12-08 }}</ref> ; [[Theodore Roosevelt]] (Scots, Scotch-Erse, Dutch, Inglis & French) : 26t Preses, 1901-1909: His maternal great-great-great-grandmither, Jean Stobo, emigrated tae Americae frae Scotland wi her parents in 1699. ; [[William Howard Taft]] (Scotch-Erse an Inglis) : 27t Preses 1909-1913<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref><ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> ; [[Woodrow Wilson]] (Scots an Scotch-Erse) : 28t Preses, 1913-1921: His Scots maternal grandparents, Rev. Dr Thomas Woodrow an Marion Williamson, emigrated tae America in the 1830s. Ootthrou his career he reflected on the influence o his ancestral values on his constant quest for knowledge an fulfillment.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> ; [[Warren G. Harding]] (Scots an Inglis) : 29t Preses 1921-1923: His paternal great-great grandmither, Lydia Crawford, wis born in Midlothian.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> ; [[Harry S. Truman]] (Scots, Inglis an German) : 33rd Preses 1945-1953: His paternal great-great-great-great-grandfaither, Thomas Monteith, wis a merchant frae Glesga.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref><ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> ; [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] (Inglis, German an Scotch-Erse) : 36t Preses, 1963-1969:{{Citation needed}}: ; [[Richard Nixon]] (Scotch-Erse, Erse, Inglis an German) : 37t Preses, 1969-1974: The Nixon ancestors left Ulster in the mid-18th century; the Quaker Milhous family ties war wi [[Coonty Antrim]] an [[Coonty Kildare]].<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com"/> ; [[Gerald Ford]] (Scots an Inglis) : 38t Preses 1974-1977: His maternal great-grandfaither, Alexander Gardner, emigrated tae [[Quebec]] frae [[Kilmacolm]] in 1820. ; [[Jimmy Carter]] (Scots, Scotch-Erse an Inglis) : 39t Preses 1977-1981: His paternal great x 6 grandfaither, Adam Clinkskaill, wis Scots. ; [[Ronald Reagan]] (Erse, Scots an Inglis) : 40t Preses 1981-1989: His great-grandfaither, John Wilson, emigrated tae North America frae [[Paisley]] in 1832.<ref name="HOG Quote on Bloomberg.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> ; [[George H. W. Bush]] (Scots, Erse an Inglis) : 41st Preses 1989-1993: His maternal great-great-great-grandmither, Catherine Walker (née McLelland), wis Scots. ; [[George W. Bush]] (Scots, Erse an Inglis) : 43rd Preses 2001-2009: His great-great-great-great-grandmither, Catherine Walker (née McLelland), wis Scots. ; [[Barack Obama]] (Scotch-Erse, Inglis an Kenyan) : 44th Preses 2009-2017: The ancestry o his mither's family is pairtially Scotch-Erse. ; [[Donald Trump]] (Scots an German) : 45t Preses: His mither, [[Mary Anne MacLeod Trump|Mary Anne MacLeod]], wis born in the veellage o [[Tong, Lewis|Tong]], [[Lewis|Isle o Lewis]], an emigrated tae the USA in 1930.<ref name="Trump">{{Cite news}}</ref> === Vice Preses o Scots or Scotch-Erse descent === ; [[John C. Calhoun]] (Scotch-Erse) : 10t Vice Preses 1825-32; staunch advocate o states' richts ; [[George M. Dallas]] (Scots) : 15t Vice Preses 1845-49; former Secretary o War ; [[Walter Mondale]] (Scots) : 42nd Vice Preses 1977-1981: His maternal great-grandparents, Walter Cowan an Agnes Phorson, war Scots. === Ither American preses o Scots or Scotch-Erse descent === ; [[Sam Houston]] (Scotch-Erse) : Preses o [[Texas]], 1836-38 an 1841-44 <ref name="Haley"/> ; [[Jefferson Davis]] (Scotch-Erse) : Preses o [[Confederate States o Americae|Confederate States o America]] 1861-1865 ; [[Arthur St. Clair]] (Scots) : Preses unner the [[List of Presidents of the Congress under the Articles of Confederation|Articles o Confederation]] 1788 == Scots placenames == Some Scots placenames in the US include: * Californie ** [[Albion, California|Albion]] ** [[Ben Lomond, California|Ben Lomond]] ** [[Bonny Doon, California|Bonny Doon]] ** [[Inverness, California|Inverness]] ** [[Irvine, Californie|Irvine]], named for the historic Irvine Ranch, an Irvine Subdiveesion o [[Orange Coonty, Californie]] * Colorado ** [[Montrose, Colorado|Montrose]] * Connecticut ** [[Scotland, Connecticut|Scotland]] * Delaware ** [[Glasgow, Delaware|Glasgow]] ** Perth ** Red Lion * Florida ** Paisley ** Dundee ** Dunedin, frae ''Dùn Èideann'', Scots Gaelic for Edinburgh ** Inverness * Illinois ** Dundee ** Elgin ** Inverness ** Midlothian ** Bannockburn ** Glencoe * Indiana ** Perth ** Edinburgh * Kentucky ** [[Glasgow, Kentucky|Glasgow]] * Louisiana ** Gretna ** [[Scotlandville, Louisiana|Scotlandville]] * Maine ** Argyle * Maryland ** Aberdeen ** Glencoe ** Glenelg ** Lochearn ** Lothian ** Midlothian ** Muirkirk * Massachusetts ** Melrose * Mississippi ** Aberdeen * Montana ** [[Glasgow, Montana|Glasgow]] ** Aberdeen, Montana ** Inverness, Montana ** Drummond, Montana * New Jersey ** Perth Amboy (hauf Scots, hauf Lenape) ** Scotch Plains * New York ** [[Albany, New York|Albany]] ** Dundee ** Perth * North Carolina ** [[Highlands, North Carolina|Highlands]] ** Roxboro - a variant spelling o [[Roxburgh]] * North Dakota ** Perth ** [[Perth Township, Walsh County, North Dakota|Perth Township]] * Oklahoma ** Glencoe ** Guthrie * Pennsylvania ** Devon * Sooth Carolina ** Elgin ** Lake Murray * Texas ** Argyle - a variant spelling o Argyll ** [[Dallas]] ** [[Edinburg, Texas|Edinburg]] - a variant spelling o [[Edinburgh]] ** [[Houston]] - suburbs include Montrose ** Midlothian ** [[Scotland, Texas|Scotland]] * Utah ** Argyle (nou a ghost toun) ** Ben Lomond ** Logan * Virginia ** Dumfries ** [[Glasgow, Virginia|Glasgow]] ** Gretna ** Hamilton ** Kilmarnock ** McDowell ** Midlothian * Washington state ** [[Aberdeen, Washington|Aberdeen]] ** [[Fife, Washington|Fife]] * Wisconsin ** [[Argyle, Wisconsin|Argyle]] ** [[Dunbar, Wisconsin|Dunbar]] == See awso == {{Portal|United States|Scotland}} * Scots diaspora * Americans ** British American ** Inglis American ** [[Irish American|Erse American]] ** [[Scotch-Irish American|Scotch-Erse American]] ** [[Welsh American]] * [[Celtic music in the United States|Celtic music in the Unitit States]] * Scots bi kintra ** [[Scots-Quebecer]] ** [[Scottish Canadian|Scots Canadian]] == References == <references group="" responsive=""></references> == Further reading == * Berthoff, Rowland Tappan. ''British Immigrants in Industrial America, 1790-1950.'' New Haven, CT: Harvard University Press, 1953. * Berthoff, Rowland. "Under the kilt: Variations on the Scottish-American ground." ''Journal of American Ethnic History'' 1#2 (1982): 5-34. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/27500204 in JSTOR] * Berthoff, Rowland. "Celtic mist over the South." ''Journal of Southern History'' (1986) pp: 523-546. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2209145 in JSTOR], Highly critical o theories o Forrest McDonald an Grady McWhiney regarding profound Celtic influences * Dziennik, Matthew P. ''The Fatal Land: War, Empire, and the Highland Soldier in British America.'' New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015. * McDonald, Forrest, an Grady McWhiney. "[Celtic Mist over the South]: A Response." ''Journal of Southern History'' (1986): 547-548. * McWhiney, Grady, an Forrest McDonald. "Celtic origins of southern herding practices." ''Journal of Southern History'' (1985): 165-182. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2208823 in JSTOR] * Bumsted, Jack M. "The Scottish Diaspora: Emigration to British North America, 1763–1815." in Ned C. Landsman, ed., ''Nation and Province in the First British Empire: Scotland and the Americas, 1600–1800'' (2001) pp 127–50 [https://www.questia.com/library/120072289/nation-and-province-in-the-first-british-empire online] * Bueltmann, Tanja, Andrew Hinson, an Graeme Morton. ''The Scottish Diaspora.'' Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press, 2013. * Calder, Jenni. ''Lost in the Backwoods: Scots an the North American Wilderness'' Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press, 2013. * Calder, Jenni. ''Scots in the USA.'' Luath Press Ltd, 2014. * Dobson, David. ''Scottish emigration to colonial America, 1607-1785.'' Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 2011. * Erickson, Charlotte. ''Invisible Immigrants: the Adaptation of English and Scottish Immigrants in 19th Century America'' (Weidenfeld an Nicolson; 1972) * Hunter, James. ''Scottish exodus: travels among a worldwide clan'' (Random House, 2011); interviews wi Clan MacLeod members * Landsman, Ned C. ''Scotland and Its First American Colony, 1683-1765.'' Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014. * McCarthy, James, an Euan Hague. "Race, nation, an nature: The cultural politics of "Celtic" identification in the American West." ''Annals of the Association of American Geographers'' 94#2 (2004): 387-408. * Newton, Michael. ''“We’re Indians Sure Enough”: The Legacy of the Scottish Highlanders in the United States.'' Richmond: Saorsa Media, 2001. * Parker, Anthony W. ''Scottish Highlanders in Colonial Georgia: The Recruitment, Emigration, an Settlement at Darien, 1735-1748.'' Athens, GA: University o Georgia Press, 2002. * Ray, R. Celeste. ''Highland Heritage: Scottish Americans in the American South.'' Chapel Hill, NC: University o North Carolina Press, 2001. * Szasz, Ferenc Morton. ''Scots in the North American West, 1790-1917.'' Norman, OK: University o Oklahoma Press, 2000. * Thernstrom, Stephan, ed. ''Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups.'' New Haven, CT: Harvard University Press, 1980. * Zumkhawala-Cook, Richard. "The Mark of Scottish America: Heritage Identity and the Tartan Monster." ''Diaspora: A Jurnal of Transnational Studies'' 14#1 (2005) pp: 109-136. == External links == * [http://www.visitdunkeld.com/scottish-americans.htm Scottish Americans] * <span class="citation gutenberg"> ''[[gutenberg:15162|Scotland's Mark on America, bi George Fraser Black, Ph.D.]]'' at [[Project Gutenberg]]</span> * [http://www.abdn.ac.uk/emigration Scottish Emigration Database] * [http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ Scotlands People - Official govrenment source for Scottish roots] * [http://www.usscots.com US Scots: includes extensive listing o Hieland games events] * [http://www.acgamerica.org/ Website o ''An Comunn Gàidhealach Ameireaganach''] [[Category:European-American society]] [[Category:American fowk o Scots strynd]] [[Category:Pages wi citations haein bare URLs]] [[Category:Pages wi citations lackin teetles]] [[Category:"Relatit ethnic groups" needin confirmation]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 30bf19367cw4q683pz91l04fwxyp9hz 0 210572 918405 853994 2026-06-19T23:38:35Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |nobel=yes |name = Olga Tokarczuk |image = Olga Tokarczuk (2018).jpg |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1962|1|29|df=y}} |birth_place = [[Sulechów]], [[Pols Fowkrepublic|Poland]] |death_date = |death_place = |nationality = [[Poles|Pols]] |occupation = [[Writer]], [[essayist]], [[poet]], [[screenwriter]], [[psychologist]] |education = [[Varsity o Warsaw]] {{small|([[Bachelor o Airts|BA]])}} |notable works = ''[[Flichts (novelle)|Flichts]]''<br>''The Beuks o Jacob''<br>''Primeval an Ither Times'' |awards = [[Nike Awaird]] (2008, 2015)<br>[[Vilenica Prize]] (2013)<br>[[Brückepreis]] (2015)<br>[[The Man Booker Internaitional Prize]] (2018)<br>[[Jan Michalski Prize|Jan Michalski Prize for Leeteratur]] (2018)<br>[[Nobel Prize in Leeteratur]] (2018)<br>[[Prix Laure Bataillon]] (2019) }} '''Olga Nawoja Tokarczuk'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rejestr.io/krs/243763/stowarzyszenie-kulturalne-gory-babel|title=STOWARZYSZENIE KULTURALNE "GÓRY BABEL" {{!}} Rejestr.io|website=rejestr.io|access-date=2019-10-10|archive-date=2019-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010133131/https://rejestr.io/krs/243763/stowarzyszenie-kulturalne-gory-babel|url-status=dead}}</ref> ({{IPAc-pl|t|o|'|k|a|r|cz|u|k}}; born 29 Januar 1962) is a [[Poland|Pols]] [[writer]], [[activist]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://style.hnonline.sk/kultura/2021350-nobelove-ceny-za-literaturu-su-zname-laureatom-za-rok-2018-je-olga-tokarczukova-za-rok-2019-peter-handke|title=Nobelove ceny za literatúru sú známe: Laureátom za rok 2018 je Olga Tokarczuková, za rok 2019 Peter Handke|website=style.hnonline.sk}}</ref> an public [[intellectual]]<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/may/22/olga-tokarczuk-flights-wins-man-booker-international-prize-polish|title=Olga Tokarczuk's 'extraordinary' Flights wins Man Booker International prize|date=22 May 2018 |publisher=The Guardian |accessdate=22 May 2018}}</ref> that haes been descrived as ane o the maist creetically acclaimed an commercially successfu authors o her generation.<ref>{{cite web|last=Rzeczpospolita|title=List of Polish bestsellers 2009|url=http://www.rp.pl/artykul/436816.html|accessdate=18 June 2011|archive-date=2014-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202175311/http://www.rp.pl/artykul/436816.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Gazeta Wyborcza|title=Tokarczuk wins NIKE prize for Bieguni (Flights)|url=http://wyborcza.pl/1,90497,5770552,Nike_2008_dla_Olgi_Tokarczuk____Bieguni__ksiazka_roku.html|accessdate=18 June 2011}}</ref> ==Books== * 1989: ''Miasto w lustrach'' * 1993: ''Podróż ludzi Księgi'' * 1995: ''E.E.'' * 1996: ''Prawiek i inne czasy'' * 1997: ''Szafa'' * 1998: ''Dom dzienny, dom nocny'' * 2000: ''Opowieści wigilijne'' * 2001: ''Lalka i perła'' * 2001: ''Gra na wielu bębenkach'' * 2004: ''Ostatnie historie'' * 2006: ''Anna In w grobowcach świata'' * 2007: ''Bieguni'' * 2009: ''Prowadź swój pług przez kości umarłych'' * 2012: ''Moment niedźwiedzia'' * 2014: ''Księgi Jakubowe'' * 2017: ''Zgubiona dusza'' * 2018: ''Opowiadania bizarne'' ==References== {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tokarczuk, Olga}} [[Category:1962 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Sulechów]] [[Category:The Greens (Poland) politeecians]] [[Category:Man Booker Internaitional Prize winners]] [[Category:Nowa Ruda]] [[Category:Pols weemen novelists]] [[Category:Nike Awaird winners]] [[Category:20t-century Pols novelists]] [[Category:21st-century Pols novelists]] [[Category:Recipients o the Siller Medal for Meerit tae Cultur – Gloria Artis]] [[Category:20t-century weemen writers]] [[Category:21st-century weemen writers]] [[Category:Nobel laureates in Leeteratur]] [[Category:Pols Nobel laureates]] [[Category:Weemen Nobel laureates]] 6nzn72wm4skea19r0vpee3xvqcceyhx 0 219882 918362 846755 2026-06-19T15:00:21Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918362 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox | name = | image = Common_Newt_-_Triturus_vulgaris_(8475532697).jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name="iucn">Jan Willem Arntzen, Sergius Kuzmin, Trevor Beebee, Theodore Papenfuss, Max Sparreboom, Ismail H. Ugurtas, Steven Anderson, Brandon Anthony, Franco Andreone, David Tarkhnishvili, Vladimir Ishchenko, Natalia Ananjeva, Nikolai Orlov, Boris Tuniyev (2009) [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/59481/0 ''Lissotriton vulgaris'']. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2.</ref> | genus = Lissotriton | species = vulgaris | authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758) | subdivision_ranks = Subspeshies | subdivision_ref = {{r|PabijanZielinski2017}} | subdivision = *''L. vulgaris ampelensis'' {{small|(Mertens and Wermuth, 1960)}} *''L. vulgaris meridionalis'' {{small|(Boulenger, 1882)}} *''L. vulgaris vulgaris'' {{small|(Linnaeus, 1758)}} | range_map = Triturus vulgaris dis.png | synonyms = Ower 60,<ref name="Frost2020">{{ Cite document |last=Frost |first=D.R. | year = 2020 | title = ''Lissotriton vulgaris'' (Linnaeus, 1758). Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1 |url = https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Caudata/Salamandridae/Pleurodelinae/Lissotriton/Lissotriton-vulgaris | accessdate = 18 April 2020 | publisher = American Museum of Natural History | location = New York, USA | doi = 10.5531/db.vz.0001}}</ref> includin: *''Lacerta vulgaris'' {{small|Linnaeus, 1758}} *''Triton palustris'' {{small|Laurenti, 1768}} *''Molge punctata'' {{small|Merrem, 1820}} *''Triturus vulgaris'' {{small|Dunn, 1918}} }} '''''Lissotriton vulgaris''''' is a speshies o [[esk]] commonly foond ootthrou Europe, except the faur north, auries o [[Soothren Fraunce]] an the [[Iberian Peninsula]].<ref name="bbc">[http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/wildfacts/factfiles/479.shtml Nature: Smooth Newt] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101222052545/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/wildfacts/factfiles/479.shtml |date=2010-12-22 }}. BBC (2012-04-27). Retrieved on 2013-01-03.</ref> It is closely relatit wi several seemilar speshies that war previously clessifee'd as subspeshies. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q215247}} [[Category:Lissotriton]] [[Category:Amphibians descrived in 1758]] [[Category:Amphibians o Europe]] 1h67s7qr3l6pjgvgooset0pado3hvem 0 225813 918337 843732 2026-06-19T13:13:24Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox UK place |country = Scotland |official_name= Kincardine O'Neil |scots_name=Kinker |gaelic_name= Cinn Chàrdainn | population = 338 | population_ref = (2010) [https://www3.aberdeenshire.gov.uk/media/6132/kincardineoneil.pdf] |os_grid_reference= NO592997 |map_type= Scotland |coordinates = {{coord|57.086934|-2.673993|display=inline,title}} |unitary_scotland= [[Aiberdeenshire]] |lieutenancy_scotland= [[Kincardineshire]] |constituency_westminster= [[West Aberdeenshire and Kincardine (UK Parliament constituency)|West Aberdeenshire and Kincardine]] |constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Aberdeenshire West (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Aberdeenshire West]] |post_town= Aboyne |postcode_district = AB34 |postcode_area= AB |dial_code= 013398 }} '''Kinker''' ({{lang-en|Kincardine O'Neil}} {{lang-gd|Cinn Chàrdainn}}) is a village in [[Aiberdeenshire]], [[Scotland]]. It is situatit atween the toons o [[Abyne]] an [[Banchry]], aboot 25 mile wast o [[Aiberdeen]] aside the [[River Dee, Aiberdeenshire|River Dee]]. It wis makit a conservation airt in 1978. The [[Deeside Wey]] passes throu the village. [[Image:Old Toll house, Kincardine O'Neil.jpg|thumb|left|The Auld Toll Hoose at Kinker.]] ==Historie== Sin auncient times there wis a crossin o the Dee at Kinker.<ref>Kincardine O'Neil historical profile</ref> Locations o the Dee crossin alang wi alinement o auncient trackweys makit the airt a guid place fur castles an aerlie settlers. In the airt o Kinker the [[Middle Ages]] trackweys til the sooth had a particular influence on development in an aroon Kinker and Abyne Castle.<ref>Hogan, 2007</ref> In the 19t yearhunner the Deeside Railwey didnae gae throu the village, makin expaunsion difficult. Bi 1895 the population o the village exceedit 200.<ref>Mackintosh, 1895</ref> Maist o the extant biggins wis biggt in the 19t yearhunner.{{fact}} The village wis umwhile kent as Eaglais Iarach (Kirk o Saunt Iarchadh) in Scots Gaelic.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mac an Tàilleir |first1=Iain |title=Ainmean-Àite - K-O |url=https://www.parliament.scot/Gaelic/placenamesK-O.pdf |website=The Scottish Parliament |accessdate=3 November 2020 |archive-date=2020-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104025833/http://www.parliament.scot/Gaelic/placenamesK-O.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Esker Spirits distillery is based on the Kinker estate.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.eskerspirits.com/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-10-22 |archive-date=2020-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026220911/https://eskerspirits.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Sister cities== * {{Flagicon|France}} [[Thun-Saint-Martin]], France ==Line notes== {{reflist}} ==References== * C. Michael Hogan, ''Elsick Mounth'', Megalithic Portal, ed A. Burnham [http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=18037 ] * [[John Mackintosh (historian)|John Mackintosh]], ''History of the Valley of the Dee, from the Earliest Times to the Present Day'', 1895, Taylor and Henderson, 240 pages * [http://www.cushnieent.force9.co.uk/NewChurches/kinker.htm Kincardine O'Neil historical profile] {{Marr, Aiberdeenshire places}} 4vpe16wg1sr422dj2b1uiooxpyuwhgx 0 227909 918441 918123 2026-06-20T05:47:45Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Fixscots}} {{Infobox officeholder|image=Samia Suluhu at the XXIX St Petersburg International Economic Forum - 2026 (cropped).jpg|successor5=|term_end4=10|president4=[[Amani Karume]]|predecessor4=[[Mussa A. Silima]]|successor4=Said Ali Mbarouk|office5=Minister o Labour, Gender Development an Children|term_start5=2000|term_end5=05|president5=[[Amani Karume]]|predecessor5=|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1960|01|27}}|office4=Minister o Tourism, Trade an Investment|birth_place=[[Sultanate o Zanzibar]]|nationality=Tanzanian|party=[[Chama Cha Mapinduzi|CCM]]|spouse={{marriage|[[Hafidh Ameir]]|1978}}|children=4|alma_mater=[[Mzumbe University|IDM, Mzumbe]] (AdvDip)<br />[[University o Manchester|Manchester]] (PGDip)<br />[[Open University o Tanzanie]]–[[Soothern New Hampshire University|SNHU]] (MSc)|website={{URL|www.samia.or.tz}}|blank2=Twitter|data2=[https://twitter.com/SuluhuSamia SuluhuSamia]|term_start4=2005|successor3=Ameir Timbe|office=6th [[Preses o Tanzanie]]|president1=[[John Magufuli]]|term_start=19 Mairch 2021|term_end=|vicepresident=TBD|primeminister=[[Kassim Majaliwa]]|predecessor=[[John Magufuli]]|successor=|office1=10th [[Vice-Preses o Tanzanie]]|term_start1=5 November 2015|term_end1=19 March 2021|predecessor1=[[Mohamed Gharib Bilal]]|predecessor3=|successor1=TBD|office2=Minister o State for Union Affairs for the Vice-Preses' Office|term_start2=29 November 2010|term_end2=5 November 2015|president2=[[Jakaya Kikwete]]|predecessor2=[[Muhammed Seif Khatib]]|successor2=[[January Makamba]]|office3=[[National Assembly (Tanzanie)|Member o Parliament]]<br />for [[Makunduchi]]|term_start3=November 2010|term_end3=July 2015|caption=Suluhu in May 2017}} '''Samia Suluhu Hassan''' (born 27 Januar 1960) is a Tanzanian politician that is servin as the saxt an tap [[preses o Tanzanie]]. She is a member o the rulin Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party. Suluhu is the third female heid o govrenment o a [[East African Commonty]] (EAC) kintra, efter Sylvie Kinigi in [[Burundi]] an Agathe Uwilingiyimana in [[Rwanda]], an is forbye the first female preses o Tanzanie. She teuk office on {{Dts|2021.03.19}} efter the daith o the last preses, John Magufuli, on 17 Mairch. A native o [[Zanzibar]], Suluhu served as a minister in the semi-autonomous region durin the administration o Preses Amani Karume. She served as the Member o Parliament for the Makunduchi constituency frae 2010 ti 2015 an wis the Minister o State in the Vice-Preses' Office for Union Affairs frae 2010 ti 2015. In 2014, she wis electit as the Vice-Chairperson o the Constituent Assembly taskit wi the draftin o the kintra's new constitution. Suluhu becam Tanzanie's first female vice-preses follaein the 2015 general election, efter bein electit on the CCM ticket wi Preses Magufuli. Suluhu an Magufuli war re-electit til a saicont term in 2020. She brieflie served as the saicont female interim Head o State in the EAC &#x2013; 27 years efter Sylvie Kinigi o Burundi, spannin a period aboot the en o the year 1993. == Early life == Suluhu wis born on 27 Januar 1960 in the Sultanate o Zanzibar.<ref>{{Cite news|date=19 March 2021|title=Samia Suluhu Hassan—Tanzania's new president|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56444575|access-date=21 March 2021}}</ref> She completit her saicondary education in 1977 an begoud workin. Subsequentlie, she pursued a nummer o short-courses on a pairt-time basis. In 1986, she graduatit frae the Institute o Development Management (present-day Mzumbe Varsity) wi a advanced diploma in public administration.<ref name="mp cv">{{Cite web|title=Member of Parliament CV|url=http://www.parliament.go.tz/index.php/members/mpcvs/1668/2010-2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713054257/http://www.parliament.go.tz/index.php/members/mpcvs/1668/2010-2015|archive-date=13 July 2015|access-date=19 February 2013|publisher=Parliament of Tanzania}}</ref> Atween 1992 an 1994, she attendit the [[Varsity o Manchester]] an earned a postgraduate diploma in economics.<ref name="daily">{{Cite news|last=Mwakyusa|first=Alvar|date=18 September 2014|title=Samia Suluhu Hassan: A tough journey from activism to politics|work=Daily News via webcitation.org|url=http://dailynews.co.tz/archive/index.php/features/36136-samia-suluhu-hassan-a-tough-journey-from-activism-to-politics|url-status=dead|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=2017-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201031030/http://dailynews.co.tz/archive/index.php/features/36136-samia-suluhu-hassan-a-tough-journey-from-activism-to-politics}}</ref> In 2015, she obtained her MSc in Community Economic Development via a joint-programme atween the Open Varsity o Tanzanie an the Soothern New Hampshire Varsity.<ref name="mp cv"/> == Career == Efter her saicondary schuil educaition, she wis employed bi the Ministry o Plannin an Development as a clerk. Upon graduation wi her public administration degree, she wis employed on a project fundit bi the Warld Food Programme.<ref name="mp cv"/> == Political career == In 2000, she decidit ti run for public office. She wis electit as a special seat member ti the Zanzibar Hoose o Representatives an wis appyntit a minister bi Preses Amani Karume. She wis the anely heich-ranking wumman minister in the cabinet an wis "leukit doun on" bi her male colleagues acause o her gender.<ref name="daily"/> She wis re-electit in 2005 an wis re-appointit as a minister in anither portfolio.<ref name="daily"/> In 2010, she soucht election ti the National Assembly, standin in the parliamentary constituency o Makunduchi an winnin bi mair nor 80%.<ref name="daily"/>{{ Preses [[Jakaya Kikwete]] appointit her as the Minister o State for Union Affairs.<ref>{{Cite news|date=13 July 2015|title=Tanzania: History Made as Samia Picked Running Mate|work=AllAfrica|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201507130201.html|url-status=live|access-date=16 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116101756/http://allafrica.com/stories/201507130201.html|archive-date=16 November 2016}}</ref> In 2014, she wis electit as the Vice Chairperson o the Constituent Assembly taskit wi draftin the kintra's new constitution.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mwakyusa|first=Alvar|date=14 March 2014|title=Tanzania: Union 'Stalwart' Samia Is CA Vice-Chairperson|work=AllAfrica|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201403140029.html|url-status=live|access-date=16 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314153737/http://allafrica.com/stories/201403140029.html|archive-date=14 March 2014}}</ref> In Julie 2015, CCM's preses nominee John Magufuli waled her as his rinnin mate for the 2015 election, makin her the first female rinnin mate in the party's history.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mohammed|first=Omar|date=12 July 2015|title=Tanzania's ruling party nominates John Magufuli as presidential candidate|url=http://qz.com/451460/tanzanias-ruling-party-nominates-a-former-chemistry-teacher-as-its-candidate-for-president/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150811035232/http://qz.com/451460/tanzanias-ruling-party-nominates-a-former-chemistry-teacher-as-its-candidate-for-president/|archive-date=11 August 2015|access-date=12 August 2015|website=Quartz}}</ref> On 5 November 2015 she subsequentlie became the first female vice-preses in the histerie o the kintra upon Magufuli's victory in the election.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kalinaki|first=K. Daniel|date=30 October 2015|title=CCM's John Magufuli declared Tanzania fifth president|work=The East African|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/John-Magufuli-declared-Tanzania-s-fifth-president/-/2558/2934778/-/11h61lfz/-/index.html|url-status=live|access-date=31 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031002340/http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/John-Magufuli-declared-Tanzania-s-fifth-president/-/2558/2934778/-/11h61lfz/-/index.html|archive-date=31 October 2015}}</ref> Baith Magufuli an Suluhu war re-electit for a saicont five-year term on 28 October 2020.  On 17 Mairch 2021, Suluhu annoonced that Magufuli hae dee't efter a lang illness; Magufuli hinnae been seen in public syne late Februar. She wis sworn in as his successor on 19 March 2021, an will serve the balance o Magufuli's saicont five-year term.<ref name="CNN">{{Cite news|last=Shaban|first=Ebby|last2=Feleke|first2=Bethlehem|date=19 March 2021|title=Tanzania swears in Samia Suluhu Hassan as first female president|work=CNN|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/03/19/africa/tanzania-samia-suluhu-hassan-president-intl/}}</ref> The delay in the stairt o her term cam acause the Constitution o Tanzanie explicitly requires the vice-preses ti tak the preses' oath afore ascendin ti the preses' office;<ref name="Constitution">{{Cite web|title=Constitution of Tanzania|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Tanzania_2005?lang=#399|quote=Where the office of President becomes vacant by reason of the death of the President, his resignation, loss of the electoral qualifications or inability to perform his functions due to physical infirmity, or failure to discharge the duties and functions of the office of President, then the Vice-President shall be sworn in and become the President for the unexpired period of the term of five years}}</ref> opposeetion leaders hae expressit concern aboot a possible "vacuum" whan 18 Mairch passed athoot Suluhu bein sworn in.<ref>{{Cite news|date=19 March 2021|title=Tanzania swears in new president after sudden death of Magufuli|work=Al Jazeera|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/19/tanzania-to-swear-in-new-president-on-friday-after-death-of-maguf|access-date=21 March 2021}}</ref> Upon her swearin-in, Suluhu became Tanzanie's first female preses.<ref>{{Cite news|date=19 March 2021|title=Tanzania's Samia Suluhu takes presidential oath|work=Business Daily|url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/bd/news/east-africa/tanzania/tanzania-samia-suluhu-presidential-oath-3328214}}</ref> She is forbye the first Zanzibari ti haud the post,<ref name="thea_Tanz">{{Cite web|last=Kiruga|first=Morris|date=18 March 2021|title=Tanzania: The legacy of Magufuli and the beginning for Suluhu|url=https://www.theafricareport.com/73137/tanzania-the-legacy-of-magufuli-and-the-beginning-for-suluhu/|access-date=19 March 2021|website=The Africa Report.com}}</ref> an the third Muslim efter Ali Hassan Mwinyi an [[Jakaya Kikwete]].<ref name="stan_Musl">{{Cite web|last=Tongola|first=Mate|date=19 March 2021|title=Muslim-Christianity ties that bind Suluhu's choice for deputy|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/politics/article/2001406806/muslim-christianity-ties-that-bind-suluhus-choice-for-deputy|access-date=19 March 2021|website=The Standard}}</ref> She forbye becam ane o twa servin female heads o state in Africae, alangside Ethiopie's Sahle-Work Zewde.<ref name="econ_Tanz">{{Cite web|date=19 March 2021|title=Tanzania's Samia Suluhu Hassan sworn in as first female president|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/tanzanias-samia-suluhu-hassan-sworn-in-as-first-female-president/articleshow/81585379.cms?from=mdr|access-date=19 March 2021|website=The Economic Times}}</ref> Unner the Constitution, syne she teuk office wi mair nor three years remainin in Magufuli's term, she will anely be eligible for ae fu term in her ain richt shuid she decide ti stand at the nixt election efter servin oot the fu remainder o the term.  == Personal life == In 1978, Suluhu married Hafidh Ameir, an agricultural officer that, bi 2014, hae retirit. They hae fower bairns.<ref name="daily"/> Her dochter Wanu Hafidh Ameir (born 1982), the couple's saicont bairn, is a special seat member o the Zanzibar Hoose o Representatives.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hon. Wanu Hafidh Ameir|url=https://www.zanzibarassembly.go.tz/new-members-cv/hon.wanu-hafidh-ameir.php|url-status=dead|access-date=18 March 2021|website=zanzibarassembly.go.tz|archive-date=2021-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318215127/https://www.zanzibarassembly.go.tz/new-members-cv/hon.wanu-hafidh-ameir.php}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-03-18|title=Samia Suluhu Hassan - the woman set to become Tanzania's next president|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56444575|access-date=2021-03-18}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}}  == Fremmit airtins == * {{Commons category-inline}} * [http://academicarchive.snhu.edu/bitstream/handle/10474/355/sced2005hassan.pdf?sequence=1 Professional Newsletter Production by Samia Suluhu et al.], (PDF) 2005, OUT/NSHU. [[Category:Politeecians]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 134oqoe6s7a2azzksf4ah2eoihz6tpd 0 231848 918485 899077 2026-06-20T10:02:51Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 918485 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" |+ class="infobox-title fn org" id="4" |Flying Pig Productions ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Company type | class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[Partnership]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Industry | class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |Theatre/Radio production |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Founded | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |1995 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Headquarters | class="infobox-data label" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[Aiberdeen]], [[Scotland]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Website | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[http://www.flyingpigproductions.co.uk www.flyingpigproductions.co.uk] |} '''The Flying Pigs''' is a muisical sketch comedy team based in [[Aiberdeen]] in the Nor-aest o [[Scotland]] that is kent fur thair [[BBC Scotland]] radio programme ''Desperate Fishwives''. == History == Aifter the success o the Aiberdeen Student Shaw durin the 1990s, seeveral memmers o the scrip team thocht anent makin ae new curn tae ser as ae forum fur sketch based comedy ideas that didna fit athin the Student Shaw. In 1996, the furst shaw o the curn, featurin Student Shaw alumni an staff, wis pit thegither an debuted at the Lemon Tree Theatre on 19 Febiwar 1996.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;</sup> == Leid == The shaws is pit on uisin the Doric byleid, the byleid o the nor-aest o Scotland. Iss wis een o the main attrections fur the BBC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fit like? Desperate Fishwives will turn Scotland on to Doric - Scotsman.com|url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/Fit-like-BBC-puts-Doric.5925347.jp|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614131536/http://www.scotsman.com/news/Fit-like-BBC-puts-Doric.5925347.jp|archive-date=2011-06-14}} </ref> == Influences == Een o the muckle influences on the curn wis Scotland the What?,{{Citation needit}} anither comic curn that formit aifter meetin at the Varsity o Aiberdeen. John Hardie o the Flying Pigs is the son o William "Buff" Hardie o Scotland the What?. The Flying Pigs kythed at the "Freedom of the City of Aberdeen" reception fur Scotland the What?. One of the major influences on the group is the group Scotland the What? <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Citation needit|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2010)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> who, like The Flying Pigs, also formed after meeting each other at the [[Varsity o Aiberdeen|University of Aberdeen]]. John Hardie of the Flying Pigs is the son of Scotland the What? star, William "Buff” Hardie. The group cemented their reputation in the City and connection to STW? by performing at the 'Freedom of the City of Aberdeen' reception for Scotland the What? == Productions == * ''Last Tango in Powis'' (1998, Lemon Tree Studio Theatre) * ''Where Seagulls Dare'' (1999, Lemon Tree Studio Theatre) * ''Stanley Cooslick's Clockwork Sporran'' (2000, Lemon Tree Studio Theatre) * ''All Quiet on the Westburn Front'' (2001, Lemon Tree Studio Theatre) * ''Prime Cuts - The Best of Flying Pig'' (2001, Aiberdeen Airts Centre) * ''The Madness of Kingwells'' (2002, Aiberdeen Airts Centre) * ''The Hunchback of Walker Dam'' (2004, Lemon Tree Studio Theatre) * ''Best Back - The Best of Flying Pig'' (2004, HMT at Hilton) * ''The Seagull has Landed'' (2005, His Majesty's Theatre) * ''Desperate Fishwives- Stage Show'' (2007, His Majesty's Theatre) * ''Desperate Fishwives- Radio Show'' (2007, 2009, 2010, [[BBC Radio Scotland]]) * ''How to Look Good Glaikit'' (2009, [[His Majesty's Theatre, Aberdeen|His Majesty's Theatre]]) * ''Desperate Fishwives'' - TV Pilot (2010, [[BBC Scotland]]) * ''The Silence of the Bams'' (2011, His Majesty's Theatre) * ''Finzean in the Rain'' (2013,His Majesty's Theatre) * ''A Bit of Crackling'' (2015, His Majesty's Theatre) * ''The Seagull has Landed'' (2015, King's Theatre, Edinburra) * ''Dreich Encounter'' (2016, His Majesty's Theatre) * ''Now That's What I call Methlick'' (2018, His Majesty's Theatre) == BBC Scotland == In 2007 [[BBC Radio Scotland]] approached the group, follaein thair [[His Majesty's Theatre, Aberdeen|His Majesty's Theatre]] stage shaw, ''Desperate Fishwives'', for tae mak ae programme fur the radio. Later that yeir it wis braidcast.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC Radio Scotland|url=http://www.comedy.co.uk/guide/channel/radio_scotland/|website=[[British Comedy Guide]]}}</ref> A secont series follaed in 2008,<ref>{{Cite web|title=TLS - Times Literary Supplement|url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/comedy/article7017707.ece|access-date=2024-05-11|archive-date=2011-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615080833/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/comedy/article7017707.ece|url-status=dead}}</ref> wi ae third series in December 2010 oothrou Christmas week wi a speicial Christmas Day episode. In 2009, it wis confirmt that the BBC wis interestit in creatin a TV pilot,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Evening Express - Article - Aberdeen's Flying Pigs soar on to television|url=http://www.eveningexpress.co.uk/Article.aspx/1281163|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726215131/http://www.eveningexpress.co.uk/Article.aspx/1281163|archive-date=26 July 2011|access-date=2010-04-15}}</ref> an in Aprile 2010 [[BBC Scotland]] filmed the pilot in the North East uisin the "Desperate Fishwives" heidin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC - Radio Scotland blog: Desperate Fishwives - on TV|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/radioscotland/2010/04/desperate-fishwives-on-tv.shtml}}</ref> The pilot aired on BBC2 Scotland on 14 December 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC Two - Desperate Fishwives, Episode 1|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00wvjns}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Freemit airtins == * [http://www.flyingpigproductions.co.uk/ Flying Pig Productions Official Website] * [http://www.aboutaberdeen.com/flyingpigs.php/ About Aberdeen: Flying Pigs] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120229230607/http://www.leopardmag.co.uk/feats/104/laughing-stock/Leopard Laughing stock of the North-East, in Leopard: The Magazine for North-East Scotland, February 2006, by Judy Mackie. (Profile of John Hardie)] * [https://www.pressreader.com/uk/the-press-and-journal-aberdeen-and-aberdeenshire/20180621/283261688565643/ 20 years of The Flying Pigs] [[Category:Alumni o the Varsity o Aiberdeen]] t7s2h8t9anvzzxknz4lhotcrgc4owqc 0 233521 918393 917589 2026-06-19T22:46:05Z ~2026-35745-20 133143 /* */ 918393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bodie | image =Elizabeth_Saunders_at_the_2024_Toronto_International_Film_Festival_3.jpg | birth_name = Elizabeth Brown | occupation = Actress | years_active = 1986–present | spouse = Cliff Saunders (m. 1994) | children = 2 }} '''Elizabeth Saunders''' (née '''Brown''') is a British-born Canadian actress. She is best kent fur pleyin Donna in the American telly series ''[[From (TV series)|From]]'' (2022–present).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Petski|first=Denise|date=2021-09-14|title=‘From’: Corteon Moore, David Alpay, Elizabeth Saunders, Elizabeth Moy Join Epix Horror Series|url=https://deadline.com/2021/09/from-corteon-moore-david-alpay-elizabeth-saunders-elizabeth-moy-epix-horror-series-1234832597/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-06-02|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-18|title=Nominee Interview Series: Elizabeth Saunders|url=https://www.myentertainmentworld.ca/2019/02/elizabeth-saunders/|access-date=2026-06-02|website=My Entertainment World|language=en-US}}</ref> == Career == Early in her career, she provided the vyce o Mrs. Turtle in the Canadian animatit series ''[[Franklin (TV series)|Franklin]]'' (1997–2004). She is creditit fur ower 80 on screen an vyce actin roles includin in ''[[The Shrouds]]'' (2024), ''[[The Boondock Saints]]'' (1999), ''[[Slings & Arrows]]'' (2005), ''[[It (2017 film)|It]]'' (2017), ''[[Alias Grace (miniseries)|Alias Grace]]'' (2017), ''[[When Hope Calls]]'' (2019) an ''Clarice'' (2021).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jenkins|first=Carolyn|date=2023-05-10|title=FROM: Donna's Boisterousness Frightened Elizabeth Saunders|url=https://www.looper.com/1282522/from-donnas-boisterousness-frightened-elizabeth-saunders/|access-date=2026-06-02|website=Looper|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=David|first=Greg|date=2019-05-26|title=Link: Elizabeth Saunders on her Mary Kills People role and joining the cast|url=https://www.tv-eh.com/2019/05/26/link-elizabeth-saunders-on-her-mary-kills-people-role-and-joining-the-cast/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-06-02|website=www.tv-eh.com|language=en-CA}}</ref> She is the vyce o Mailperson Mary on ''[[Henry's World]]'' an aa. On stage, she wirkit fur seevral saisons at the Shaw Fest whaur she kythed in ''[[This Happy Breed]]'', ''Counsellor-At-Law'', ''[[Too True To Be Good]]'', amang ither productions. === Awairds an recogneetion === She received a [[Saturn Awairds|Saturn Awaird]] nomination fur Best Supportin actress nomination fur her role as Donna in ''[[From (TV series)|From]]'' at the 52nd annual Saturn awairds, a [[Canadian Screen Awaird fur Best Supportin Actress in a Drama Programme or Series|Best Supportin Actress in a Drama Programme or Series]] at the [[8t Canadian Screen Awairds]] in 2020 fur her performance in ''[[Mary Kills People]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|last=Townsend|first=Kelly|title=CSAs ’20: Schitt’s Creek breaks awards record with 26 noms|url=https://playbackonline.ca/2020/02/18/csas-20-schitts-creek-breaks-awards-record-with-26-noms/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-06-02|website=[[Playback (magazine)|Playback]]}}</ref> an wan an [[ACTRA Awaird]] in 2024 fur her performance in the short film ''SmokeBreak''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Thiessen|first=Connie|date=2024-04-23|title='Sort Of' takes Members' Choice Series Ensemble honour at ACTRA Toronto awards|url=https://broadcastdialogue.com/sort-of-takes-members-choice-series-ensemble-award-at-actra-toronto-awards/|access-date=2026-06-02|website=Broadcast Dialogue|language=en-US}}</ref> === Personal life === Marriet tae actor Cliff Saunders syne 19 September 1994; the couple hae twa dochters, Bridget an Alberta.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Saunders — Biography|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0113508/bio/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-06-02|website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> == Filmography == === Film === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role |- |1999 |''[[The Boondock Saints]]'' |Bartender |- |2017 |''[[It (2017 film)|It]]'' |Mrs. Starret |- |2019 |''[[Disappearance at Clifton Hill]]'' |Auntie Dot |- |2020 |''[[Girl (2020 film)|Girl]]'' |Betty |- |2021 |''[[All My Puny Sorrows (film)|All My Puny Sorrows]]'' |Mrs. Von Riesen |- |2022 |''[[Door Mouse]]'' |Mama |- |2024 |''[[The Shrouds]]'' |Gray Foner |- |2024 |''[[40 Acres (film)|40 Acres]]'' | |} === Televeesion === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year(s) !Title !Role !Notes |- |1997–2004 |''[[Franklin (TV series)|Franklin]]'' |Mrs. Turtle |Vyce role |- |2005 |''[[Slings & Arrows]]'' | | |- |2013 |''[[Orphan Black]]'' |Susan Duncan |Recurrin role |- |2017 |''[[Alias Grace]]'' |Mrs. Humphrey |Miniseries |- |2019 |''[[When Hope Calls]]'' |Helen Bouchard |Recurrin role |- |2019 |''[[Mary Kills People]]'' | | |- |2021 |''[[Clarice (TV series)|Clarice]]'' |Ruth Martin |Recurrin role |- |2022–present |''[[From (TV series)|From]]'' |Donna Raines |Main role |} == References == {{reflist}} ==Fremmit airtins== {{sister project links|d=Q63989104|q=no|c=category:Elizabeth Saunders|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|wikt=no|s=no|species=no}} * {{IMDb name|0113508}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Saunders, Elizabeth}} [[Category:Breetish film actresses]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Breetish televeesion actresses]] [[Category:20t-century Breetish actresses]] [[Category:21st-century Breetish actresses]] [[Category:Year o birth missin (livin fowk)]] [[Category:Breetish emigrants tae Canadae]] [[Category:Canadian film actresses]] [[Category:Canadian televeesion actresses]] [[Category:Canadian vyce actresses]] [[Category:20t-century Canadian actresses]] [[Category:21st-century Canadian actresses]] lh1vte661kjcm4it3xxjw0z19xtwvnk 918408 918393 2026-06-20T00:05:02Z Mr.Murdoch78 119895 Undae revision [[Special:Diff/918393|918393]] bi [[Special:Contributions/~2026-35745-20|~2026-35745-20]] ([[User talk:~2026-35745-20|Tauk]]) 918408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bodie | image =Elizabeth_Saunders_at_the_2024_Toronto_International_Film_Festival_3.jpg | birth_name = Elizabeth Brown | occupation = Actress | years_active = 1986–present | spouse = Cliff Saunders (m. 1994) | children = 2 }} '''Elizabeth Saunders''' (née '''Brown''') is a Breetish-born Canadian actress. She is best kent fur pleyin Donna in the American telly series ''[[From (TV series)|From]]'' (2022–present).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Petski|first=Denise|date=2021-09-14|title=‘From’: Corteon Moore, David Alpay, Elizabeth Saunders, Elizabeth Moy Join Epix Horror Series|url=https://deadline.com/2021/09/from-corteon-moore-david-alpay-elizabeth-saunders-elizabeth-moy-epix-horror-series-1234832597/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-06-02|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-18|title=Nominee Interview Series: Elizabeth Saunders|url=https://www.myentertainmentworld.ca/2019/02/elizabeth-saunders/|access-date=2026-06-02|website=My Entertainment World|language=en-US}}</ref> == Career == Early in her career, she provided the vyce o Mrs. Turtle in the Canadian animatit series ''[[Franklin (TV series)|Franklin]]'' (1997–2004). She is creditit fur ower 80 on screen an vyce actin roles includin in ''[[The Shrouds]]'' (2024), ''[[The Boondock Saints]]'' (1999), ''[[Slings & Arrows]]'' (2005), ''[[It (2017 film)|It]]'' (2017), ''[[Alias Grace (miniseries)|Alias Grace]]'' (2017), ''[[When Hope Calls]]'' (2019) an ''Clarice'' (2021).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jenkins|first=Carolyn|date=2023-05-10|title=FROM: Donna's Boisterousness Frightened Elizabeth Saunders|url=https://www.looper.com/1282522/from-donnas-boisterousness-frightened-elizabeth-saunders/|access-date=2026-06-02|website=Looper|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=David|first=Greg|date=2019-05-26|title=Link: Elizabeth Saunders on her Mary Kills People role and joining the cast|url=https://www.tv-eh.com/2019/05/26/link-elizabeth-saunders-on-her-mary-kills-people-role-and-joining-the-cast/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-06-02|website=www.tv-eh.com|language=en-CA}}</ref> She is the vyce o Mailperson Mary on ''[[Henry's World]]'' an aa. On stage, she wirkit fur seevral saisons at the Shaw Fest whaur she kythed in ''[[This Happy Breed]]'', ''Counsellor-At-Law'', ''[[Too True To Be Good]]'', amang ither productions. === Awairds an recogneetion === She received a [[Saturn Awairds|Saturn Awaird]] nomination fur Best Supportin actress nomination fur her role as Donna in ''[[From (TV series)|From]]'' at the 52nd annual Saturn awairds, a [[Canadian Screen Awaird fur Best Supportin Actress in a Drama Programme or Series|Best Supportin Actress in a Drama Programme or Series]] at the [[8t Canadian Screen Awairds]] in 2020 fur her performance in ''[[Mary Kills People]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|last=Townsend|first=Kelly|title=CSAs ’20: Schitt’s Creek breaks awards record with 26 noms|url=https://playbackonline.ca/2020/02/18/csas-20-schitts-creek-breaks-awards-record-with-26-noms/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-06-02|website=[[Playback (magazine)|Playback]]}}</ref> an wan an [[ACTRA Awaird]] in 2024 fur her performance in the short film ''SmokeBreak''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Thiessen|first=Connie|date=2024-04-23|title='Sort Of' takes Members' Choice Series Ensemble honour at ACTRA Toronto awards|url=https://broadcastdialogue.com/sort-of-takes-members-choice-series-ensemble-award-at-actra-toronto-awards/|access-date=2026-06-02|website=Broadcast Dialogue|language=en-US}}</ref> === Personal life === Marriet tae actor Cliff Saunders syne 19 September 1994; the couple hae twa dochters, Bridget an Alberta.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Saunders — Biography|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0113508/bio/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-06-02|website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> == Filmography == === Film === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role |- |1999 |''[[The Boondock Saints]]'' |Bartender |- |2017 |''[[It (2017 film)|It]]'' |Mrs. Starret |- |2019 |''[[Disappearance at Clifton Hill]]'' |Auntie Dot |- |2020 |''[[Girl (2020 film)|Girl]]'' |Betty |- |2021 |''[[All My Puny Sorrows (film)|All My Puny Sorrows]]'' |Mrs. Von Riesen |- |2022 |''[[Door Mouse]]'' |Mama |- |2024 |''[[The Shrouds]]'' |Gray Foner |- |2024 |''[[40 Acres (film)|40 Acres]]'' | |} === Televeesion === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year(s) !Title !Role !Notes |- |1997–2004 |''[[Franklin (TV series)|Franklin]]'' |Mrs. Turtle |Vyce role |- |2005 |''[[Slings & Arrows]]'' | | |- |2013 |''[[Orphan Black]]'' |Susan Duncan |Recurrin role |- |2017 |''[[Alias Grace]]'' |Mrs. Humphrey |Miniseries |- |2019 |''[[When Hope Calls]]'' |Helen Bouchard |Recurrin role |- |2019 |''[[Mary Kills People]]'' | | |- |2021 |''[[Clarice (TV series)|Clarice]]'' |Ruth Martin |Recurrin role |- |2022–present |''[[From (TV series)|From]]'' |Donna Raines |Main role |} == References == {{reflist}} ==Fremmit airtins== {{sister project links|d=Q63989104|q=no|c=category:Elizabeth Saunders|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|wikt=no|s=no|species=no}} * {{IMDb name|0113508}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Saunders, Elizabeth}} [[Category:Breetish film actresses]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Breetish televeesion actresses]] [[Category:20t-century Breetish actresses]] [[Category:21st-century Breetish actresses]] [[Category:Year o birth missin (livin fowk)]] [[Category:Breetish emigrants tae Canadae]] [[Category:Canadian film actresses]] [[Category:Canadian televeesion actresses]] [[Category:Canadian vyce actresses]] [[Category:20t-century Canadian actresses]] [[Category:21st-century Canadian actresses]] tquk8ntfpffva50u08dxsg3rgivg0fc 3 233633 918392 2026-06-19T22:33:24Z Atlantic306 30244 welcome 918392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Welcome}} [[Uiser:Atlantic306|Atlantic306]] ([[Uiser collogue:Atlantic306|tauk]]) 22:33, 19 Juin 2026 (UTC) pw26a8nbu7h54vhz4arws16bmo0h8ay