Wikipedia scowiki https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.19 first-letter Media Special Collogue Uiser Uiser collogue Wikipedia Wikipedia collogue File File collogue MediaWiki MediaWiki collogue Template Template collogue Help Help collogue Category Category collogue Portal Portal talk Define Define talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 5798 922658 922475 2026-09-11T15:31:25Z PurpleDinosaur585 129975 Eikit "fix scots" template 922658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{dablink|For ither uises, see [[New York (disambiguation)]].}} {{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> | name = New York | official_name = The Ceety o New York | settlement_type = [[Admeenistrative diveesions o New York#Ceety|Ceety]] | image_skyline = NYC Montage 2011.jpg | imagesize = 275px | image_caption = Clockwise frae top: [[Midtown Manhattan]], the [[Unitit Naitions Heidquairters]], the [[Statue o Liberty]], the [[Brooklyn Bridge]], [[Central Park]], [[Times Square]], an the [[Unisphere]] in [[Queens]] | image_flag = Flag of New York City.svg | image_seal = | nickname = [[Big Apple|The Big Apple]], Gotham, Center o the Universe, The Ceety That Neier Sleeps,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hotword.dictionary.com/big-apple-gotham/|title=Why is New York City known as "the Big Apple" and "Gotham?"|publisher=Dictionary.com, LLC|accessdate=2011-06-16|archive-date=2012-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215214452/http://hotword.dictionary.com/big-apple-gotham/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Caipital o the Warld<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mpiweb.org/Archive?id=2972 |title=Showcase Destinations New York City: Capital of the World |publisher=Mpiweb.org |date=September 22, 1924 |accessdate=2011-06-16 |archive-date=2011-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930082527/http://www.mpiweb.org/Archive?id=2972 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/lmec/html/about/nycapital.shtml|title=About New York City|publisher=The City of New York|accessdate=2011-06-16|archive-date=2014-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407134046/http://www.nyc.gov/html/lmec/html/about/nycapital.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/forward.htm|title=FORWARD New York – Capital of the Modern World|author=Eugene J. Sherman|publisher=The Weissman Center for International Business Baruch College/CUNY 2011|accessdate=2011-06-16|archive-date=2008-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081002112343/http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/forward.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> | image_map = Map of New York Highlighting New York City.svg | map_caption = Location in the state o [[New York]] | pushpin_map = USA | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_label = New York | pushpin_map_caption = Location in the [[Unitit States]] | coordinates = {{coord|40|39|51|N|73|56|19|W|display=inline}} | coordinates_footnotes = {{GR|1|dateform=mdy}} | subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] | subdivision_name = [[United States]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Leet o kintras|Historic Countries]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Ingland]], [[Dutch Republic]] | subdivision_type2 = [[U.S. State|State]] | subdivision_name2 = [[New York]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Colony|Historic Colony]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Colony o New York]] | subdivision_type4 = [[Coonty (Unitit States)|Coonties]] | subdivision_name4 = [[The Bronx|Bronx]], [[Brooklyn|Kings]], [[Manhattan|New York]], [[Queens]], [[Staten Island|Richmond]] | established_title = Settled | established_date = 1624 | established_title1 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporatit]] | established_date1 = 1898 | government_footnotes = <ref name="MayorsOffice">{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0/ |title=Biography |accessdate=2010-01-08 |publisher=New York, City of |author=the Mayor, New York City Office of |date=January 8, 2010 |archive-date=2010-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317115700/http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | government_type = [[Mayor–cooncil govrenment|Mayor–Cooncil]] | leader_party = [[Unthirlt (politeecian)|D]] | governing_body = [[New York City Council]] | leader_title = [[Mayor o New York Ceety|Mayor]] | leader_name = [[Zohran Mamdani]] | area_footnotes = {{GR|1|dateform=mdy}} | area_total_sq_mi = 468.48 | area_land_sq_mi = 302.64 | area_water_sq_mi = 165.84 | elevation_footnotes = {{GR|3|dateform=mdy}} | elevation_ft = 33 | elevation_m = 10 | population_footnotes = {{GR|2|dateform=mdy}} | population_total = 8336697 ([[Leet o Unitit States ceeties bi population|1st]]) | population_as_of = [[2010 Unitit States Census|2010]] | population_total = 8336697 ([[Leet o Unitit States ceeties bi population|1st]]) | population_as_of = 2012 [[Unitit States Census Bureau|Unitit States Census]] estimates<ref name="nytimes.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/05/nyregion/census-estimates-for-2011-show-population-growth-in-new-york.html|title=Population Growth in New York City Is Outpacing 2010 Census, 2011 Estimates Show|author=Sam Roberts|publisher=© 2012 The New York Times Company|date=April 5, 2012|accessdate=2012-04-24}}</ref> | population_density_sq_mi= 27243.06 | population_metro = 18897109 ([[Table o Unitit States Metropolitan Statistical Auries|1st]]) | population_blank1_title = [[Unitit States combined statistical aurie|CSA]] | population_blank1 = 22085649 ([[Table o Unitit States Combined Statistical Auries|1st]]) | population_demonym = New Yorker | timezone1 = [[Eastren Time Zone (North Americae)|EST]] | utc_offset1 = -5 | timezone1_DST = [[Eastren Time Zone (North Americae)|EDT]] | utc_offset1_DST = -4 | postal_code_type = [[ZIP code|ZIP code(s)]] | postal_code = 100xx–104xx, 11004–05, 111xx–114xx, 116xx | area_code = [[Aurie code 212|212]], [[Aurie code 347|347]], [[Aurie code 646|646]], [[Aurie code 718|718]], [[Aurie code 917|917]], [[Aurie code 929|929]] | blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] | blank_info = 36-51000 | blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] featur ID | blank1_info = 975772 | website = {{URL|www.nyc.gov}} | footnotes = }}{{Fix Scots|date=September 2026}} '''New York Ceety''' ({{lang-en|New York City|link=no}}) is the maist populous ceety in the [[Unitit States]] an the centre o the [[New York metropolitan aurie]], at is ae o the maist populous metropolitan auries in the warld. New York Ceety haes a significant impact on global commerce, finance, media, cultur, airt, fashion, research, eddication, an entertainment. As host o the Unitit Naitions Heidquarters, it is an aa an important centre for internaitional affairs. The ceety is aften referred tae as '''New York Ceety''' or the '''Ceety o New York''' tae distinguish it frae the [[New York (state)|state o New York]], at it is apairt o. Locatit on a lairge naitural harbour on the Atlantic coast o the Northeastren Unitit States, the ceety consists o five boroughs: The Bronx, [[Brooklyn]], Manhattan, [[Queens]], an [[Staten Island]]. The ceety's 2009 estimatit population approached 8.4 million, an wi a laund aurie o 305 square mile (790 km2), New York Ceety is the maist densely populatit major ceety in the Unitit States. The [[New York metropolitan aurie]]'s population is the USA's mucklest, estimatit at 19.1 million fowk ower 6,720 square mile (17,400 km2). The Combined Statistical Aurie contained 22.2 million fowk as o 2009 Census estimates, an aa the mucklest in the Unitit States. New York wis foondit as a commercial tredin post bi the [[Dutch Republic|Dutch]] in 1624. The dounset wis cawed New Amsterdam til 1664 whan the colony cam unner [[Kinrick o Ingland|Inglis]] control. Mony destricts an laundmerks in the ceety hae acome weel kent tae ootsiders. The [[Statue o Liberty]] greetit millions o immigrants as thay cam tae Americae in the late 19t an earlie 20t centuries. Times Square, iconifee'd as "The Crossroads o the Warld", is the brichtly illuminatit hub o the Broadway theatre destrict, ane o the warld's busiest pedestrian intersections, an a major centre o the warld's entertainment industry. Anchored bi [[Wall Street]], in Lawer Manhattan, New York vies wi [[Lunnon]] as the financial caipital o the warld an is hame tae the [[New York Stock Exchynge]], the warld's mucklest stock exchynge bi mercat caipitalisation o its leetit companies. The oreeginal Manhattan Chinatown attracts thrangs o tourists tae its bustlin sidewalks an retail establishments. Warld-cless schuils an varsities sic as Columbia Varsity, New York Varsity an Fordham Varsity an aa reside in New York Ceety. == Sister ceeties == New York Ceety haes ten [[toun twinnin|sister ceeties]] recognisit bi Sister Cities International (SCI):<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/unccp/scp/html/sc/main.shtml|title=New York City Global Partners|year=2010|publisher=The City of New York|accessdate=27 January 2010|archive-date=2008-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521052322/http://www.nyc.gov/html/unccp/scp/html/sc/main.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:white" width=70% |- style="color:white;" ! ! style="background:#659ec7; width: 4%"| Airms ! ! style="background:#659ec7; width:10%;"| Ceety ! ! style="background:#659ec7; width:24%;"| Geographical location ! ! style="background:#659ec7; width:22%;"| Naition ! ! style="background:#659ec7; width: 5%;"| Syne |- |! !| [[File:Emblem of Tokyo Metropolis.svg|25px|]] |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Tokyo]]''' |! ! align=left| [[Kantō region]] ([[Honshū]] island) |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Japan|size=30px}} |! !| 1960 |- |! !| &nbsp; |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Beijing]]''' |! !| &nbsp; |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Cheenae|size=30px}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Sister_Cities/Sister_City/|title=Sister Cities|publisher=Beijing Municipal Government|accessdate=2009-06-23|archive-date=2010-01-17|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5mq6B2fdq?url=http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Sister_Cities/Sister_City/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |! !| 1980 |- |! !| &nbsp; |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Cairo]]''' |! ! align=left| [[Cairo Govrenorate]] |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Egyp|size=30px}} |! !| 1982 |- |! !| [[File:Escudo de Madrid.svg|25px]] |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Madrid]]''' |! ! align=left| [[File:Flag of the Community of Madrid.svg|30px]] [[Community o Madrid]] |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Spain|size=30px}} <ref name="hermanadas">{{cite web| title = Mapa Mundi de las ciudades hermanadas|publisher = Ayuntamiento de Madrid|url = http://www.munimadrid.es/portal/site/munimadrid/menuitem.dbd5147a4ba1b0aa7d245f019fc08a0c/?vgnextoid=4e84399a03003110VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=4e98823d3a37a010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD&vgnextfmt=especial1&idContenido=1da69a4192b5b010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD}}</ref> |! !| 1982 |- |! !| [[File:Escudo de Santo Domingo de Guzmán.svg|30px]] |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Santo Domingo]]''' |! ! align=left| [[Distrito Nacional|Naitional Destrict]] |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Dominican Republic|size=30px}} |! !|1983 |- |! !| [[File:Coa Hungary Town Budapest big.svg|50px]] |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Budapest]]''' |! ! align=left| [[Central Hungary]] |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Hungary|size=30px}} |! !| 1992 |- |! !| |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Roum]]''' |! ! align=left| [[File:Lazio Flag.svg|30px]] [[Lazio]] ([[Latium]]) |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Italy|size=30px}} |! !| 1992 |- |! !| [[File:Emblem_of_Jerusalem.svg|25px]] |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Jerusalem]]''' |! ! align=left| [[Jerusalem Destrict]] |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Israel|size=30px}} |! !| 1993 |- |! !| [[File:Arms of the Greater London Council.svg|22px]] |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Lunnon]]''' |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Ingland|size=30px}} |! ! align=left| {{Flagcountry|UK|size=30px}} |! !| 2001 |- |! !| [[File:Coat of Arms of Johannesburg.svg|45px]] |! ! bgcolor=lemonchiffon| '''[[Johannesburg]]''' |! ! align=left| [[Gauteng]]<ref>It occupies pairt o the umwhile province o [[Transvaal]].</ref> |! ! align=left| {{Flag|Sooth Africae|size=30px}} |! !| 2003 |} Lik New York Ceety, aw except Beijing are the maist populous ceeties o thair respective kintras.<ref>''[[The Statesman's Yearbook]] 2003'', editit bi Barry Turner, [[Palgrave Macmillan]] ([[Basingstoke]], London and New York), 2002, ISBN 0-333-98096-4</ref> Unlik New York Ceety, aw but Johannesburg serve as ''de facto'' or ''de jure'' naitional poleetical caipitals. New York an her sister ceeties are aw major economic centres, but few o the sister ceeties share New York's status as a major seaport.<ref>"Countries of the World", ''[[Whitaker's Almanack]] 1999'' (Standard Edition), [[The Stationery Office]], Lunnon, 1998, ISBN 0-11-702240-3, pp. 781–785, 907</ref> == Notes == {{reflist}} ==See also== * [[New York Ceety draucht riots]] {{Commonscat|New York City}} [[Category:New York Ceety| ]] [[Category:Ceeties in New York]] [[Category:Umwhile caipitals o the Unitit States]] [[Category:Umwhile naitional caipitals]] [[Category:Umwhile Unitit States state caipitals]] [[Category:Govrenment o New York Ceety]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1624]] [[Category:Populatit places on the Hudson River]] [[Category:Port ceeties an touns o the Unitit States Atlantic coast]] [[Category:1624 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies]] {{Stub/USA}} {{Stub/Ceety}} iaom63hmfx7m0wie9fkuid86cgtbn9p 0 8504 922660 913954 2026-09-11T16:29:54Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922660 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Coat of arms of Derry.png|thumb|right|Coat o airms]] '''Londonderry''' ([[Ulster Scots leid|Ulster Scotch]] an [[Inglis leid|Inglis]] spellin o '''Lunnonderry'''), kent by monie fowk as '''Derry,''' frae the [[Erse leid|Airisch Gaelick]] ''Doire'' (meanin aik-shaw), is the seicont mukkiles ceitie in [[Ulster]] (eftir [[Belfast]]) an the fowert-mukkilest ceitie on the iland o [[Ireland]]. In the 2001 Census the ceitie proper haed 83,652 indwallers. The ceitie ligs in the nor'wast o Northren Ireland naur the mairch wi [[Coonty Dunnygal]], whilk is pairt o the [[Republic o Ireland]]. The ceitie is naur the mooth o [[Loch Foyle]] an kivers baith banks o the River Foyle. The auld [[wawd ceitie]] o Derry is on the wast bank o the River Foyle. The wast bank is aften kent as "Ceitiesyd" whyls the aest bank is aften kent as "Wattirsyd". In 2013, Derry became the first [[Unitit Kinrick]] Ceitie o Cultur, haein been gien the teetil in Julie 2010.<ref name="Derry wins City of Culture">{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-10653989|title=Londonderry named the UK City of Culture|last=BBC News|first=|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=15 July 2010 | date=2010-07-15}}</ref><ref name="DCS - UK City of Culture">{{cite web|url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.culture.gov.uk/reference_library/media_releases/6256.aspx|title=The race is on to find UK's first ‘City of Culture’ for 2013|last=Palmer|first=Robert|publisher=The National Archives|accessdate=15 July 2010|archive-date=2011-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020222429/http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.culture.gov.uk/reference_library/media_releases/6256.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Name== The name Derry is an [[anglifee]]'d form o the auld [[Erse leid|Airisch]] ''Daire'', spelt ''Doire'' in modren Airisch, meinin "[[aik]]en-shaw". In 1613, the ceitie wis grantit a Ryal Chairter bi [[James VI, King o Scots|King James I]] an the "[[Lunnon]]" prefix wis eikit, chyngin its name til Lunnonderry. A Hie Coort deceision in Januar 2007 statit that this byds sae.<ref>[http://www.bailii.org/cgi-bin/markup.cgi?doc=/nie/cases/NIHC/QB/2007/5.html&query=title+(+Derry+)&method=boolean Derry City Council Application for Judicial Review]</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6297907.stm Stroke City to remain Londonderry]</ref> Houaniver, the ceitie is mair aften kent as Derry an this is the name broukit bi the ceitie cooncil, airport, fitbaw club an rigby club. ==Historie== The ceitie is ane o the auldest touns in Ireland, wi the auldest records, datin frae the 6t centurie. The ceitie wis shent durin the Tudor owertakin o Ireland in 1608. In the 17t centurie, durin the plantations o [[Ulster]], monie Breetish fowk cam til Derry. Durin the 19t centurie monie fowk left aucht til the [[Erse Faimine]]. Follaein the parteition o Ireland in 1921, the toun becam a mairch ceitie. Eftir the Northren Ireland Ceivil Richts Muvement wis declared unlawfu, the ceitie wis gey affectit bi [[The Tribbles]], wi a lot o fechtin atwein Catholic Naitionalists an Protestant Unionists. ==Demografie== Nouadays, thar is 90,736 fowk bydin in the Urban Airt; 77.8% o thir fowk is Catholic, wi maist o the lave bein Protestant. ==Sport== Baith [[fitbaw]] an [[Gaelic Fitbaw]] is weil-likit in the ceitie. The Derry Ceitie Fitbaw Club plays in the Leig o Ireland, in the Republic o Ireland, aucht ti croud tribbil in the bygane. ==References== <references/> {{Commonscat|Derry}} {{UK ceeties}} {{#invoke:coordinates|coord|display=title}} [[Category:Ceeties in Northren Ireland]] {{Stub/NIreland}} sicydll198vvov9danvvd9iyfoeobiw 0 15929 922673 922330 2026-09-12T00:06:47Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots}} {{Infobox settlement | name = San Juan | official_name = San Juan Bautista | native_name_lang = es | settlement_type = [[Municipalities o Puerto Rico|Municipality]] | imagesize = 270px | image_caption = The skyline o San Juan featurin the [[Capitol of Puerto Rico]], [[University of Puerto Rico]], [[Fort San Cristóbal (Puerto Rico)]], [[Cathedral of San Juan Bautista]], [[Fort San Felipe del Morro]], statue o [[Juan Ponce de León]] | image_flag = Flag of San Juan, Puerto Rico.svg | image_shield = Coat_of_arms_san_juan_pr.svg | nickname = La Ciudad Amurallada (The Walled City), Ciudad Capital (Capital City) | image_map = Locator map Puerto Rico San Juan.png | mapsize = 300px | map_caption = Location o San Juan in Puerto Rico | coordinates = {{coord|18|27|00|N|66|04|00|W|region:US-PR|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] | subdivision_name = [[Unitit States]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Commonwalth (Unitit States insular area)|Territory]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Puerto Rico]] | named_for = [[John the Baptist]] | established_title = Established | established_date = 1509<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100613222859/http://sanjuan.pr/cultura/historia.aspx San Juan, Ciudad Capital]. SanJuan.pr. via internet archive Retrieved 2010-12-22.</ref> | leader_party = PNP | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = [[Jorge Santini|Jorge A. Santini Padilla]] | leader_title1 = Senatorial&nbsp;dist. | leader_name1 = 1 - San Juan/Guaynabo | leader_title2 = House&nbsp;dist. | leader_name2 = 1,2,3,4,5 | unit_pref = U.S. | area_footnotes = <ref name="poptotal">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=ChangeGeoContext&geo_id=05000US72127&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=San+Juan&_cityTown=San+Juan&_state=04000US72&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&_submenuId=population_0&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null%3Anull&_keyword=&_industry=|title=San Juan and its barrios|publisher=United States Census Bureau via internet archive|year=2008|accessdate=2009-10-26|archive-date=2011-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606111028/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=ChangeGeoContext&geo_id=05000US72127&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=San+Juan&_cityTown=San+Juan&_state=04000US72&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&_submenuId=population_0&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null:null&_keyword=&_industry=|url-status=dead}}</ref> | area_magnitude = 1 E9 | area_total_sq_mi =76.93 | area_land_sq_mi =47.82 | area_water_sq_mi =29.11 | area_water_percent = 37.83 | population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn120.html |title=U.S. Census Bureau Delivers Puerto Rico's 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting - 2010 Census - Newsroom - U.S. Census Bureau |publisher=Census.gov |date= |accessdate=2012-11-25}}</ref> | population_total = 395326 | population_urban = 381931 | population_metro = 2478905 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_density_sq_mi= 8267 | population_demonym = Sanjuaneros | population_blank2_title = [[Racial group]]s<br /><ref>Unitit States Census, 2010</ref> | population_blank2 = 68.0% [[White fowk|White]]<br/>18.6% [[Black fowk|Black]]<br/>0.8% [[Native Americans in the Unitit States|American Indian]]/[[Alaska Native|AN]]<br/>0.4% Asie<br/>0.0% [[Native Hawaiian]]/[[Paceefic Islander|PI]]<br/>8.2% Some ither race<br/>4.0% Two or more races | timezone1 = [[Atlantic Staundart Time|AST]] (nae [[daylicht savin time]]) | utc_offset1 = -4 | postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s | postal_code = 00901–02, 00906–17, 00919–21, 00923–31, 00933–34, 00936, 00939–40 | area_code_type = Area code | area_code =[[Telephone nummers in Puerto Rico|787]], [[Telephone nummers in Puerto Rico|939]] | website = [http://www.sanjuan.pr www.sanjuan.pr] }} '''San Juan''' ({{IPA-es|saŋ ˈxwan}}, ''Saunt [[John the Baptist|John]]''; {{IPA-en|ˌsæn ˈhwɑːn|lang}}), offeecially '''Municipio de la Ciudad Capital San Juan Bautista''' (''Municipality o the Caipital Ceety, Saunt John the Baptist''), is the [[Caipital ceety|caipital]] an maist populous [[Municipalities o Puerto Rico|municipality]] in [[Puerto Rico]], an [[Territories o the Unitit States#Unincorporatit organized territories|unincorporatit territory]] o the [[Unitit States]]. As o the [[Unitit States Census Bureau|2010 census]], it haes a population o 395,326 makin it the [[Leet o Unitit States ceeties bi population|42nt-lairgest]] ceety unner the jurisdiction o the Unitit States. San Juan wis foondit bi [[Spaingie Empire|Spaingie]] colonists in 1521, who cried it ''Ciudad de Puerto Rico'' ("Rich Port Ceety"). Puerto Rico's caipital is the seicont auldest European-established ceety in the Americas, efter [[Santo Domingo]], in the [[Dominican Republic]].<ref name="SJCOPRI">{{cite web|author=Magaly Rivera|title=San Juan Capital City|url=http://welcome.topuertorico.org/city/sanjuan.shtml|publisher=Welcome to Puerto Rico|accessdate=2007-05-02}}</ref> Several historical biggins are locatit in San Juan; amang the maist notable are the ceety's umwhile defensive forts, Fort San Felipe del Morro an Fort San Cristóbal, an [[La Fortaleza]], the auldest executive mansion in conteenous uise in Americae. ==History== San Juan wis foondit in [[1521]] bi [[Juan Ponce de León]]. It wis namit efter San Juan Bautista, or St. [[John the Baptist]] (name gien bi [[Christopher Columbus]]). San Juan is kent as "La Ciudad Amurallada" an aw. This means the "wawed ceety". San Juan haes mony auld [[biggin]]s still staundin the day. Mony [[Spain]]gie [[splorer]]s came durin the [[Age o Diskivery]] an biggit [[fort]]s, [[kirk]]es, an ither [[historical]] biggins. An ensaumple o a vera auld fort is "La Fortaleza". It is kent as "Palacio de Santa Catalina" an aw. In the saxteent century, it wis a Spaingie fortress against [[Carib]]s. Thir wur the fowk [[Indigenous fowks|native]] tae the [[Caribbean]] [[island]]s an [[Central Americae]]. Anither auld biggin is the auldest residence in Auld San Juan, Casas de los Contrasfuertes (Hoose o Buttresses). ==Geografie== San Juan is locatit alang the north-eastren coast o Puerto Rico. It lees sooth o the Atlantic Ocean; north o [[Caguas]] an [[Trujillo Alto]]; east o an [[Guaynabo]]; an wast o [[Carolina, Puerto Rico|Carolina]]. The ceety occupees an aurie o {{convert|76.93|sqmi|km2}}, o which, {{convert|29.11|sqmi|km2}} (37.83%) is watter. San Juan's main watter bouks are [[San Juan Bay]] an twa naitural lagoons, the [[Condado Lagoon|Condado]] an San José.<ref> {{cite web |url=http://www.topuertorico.org/geogra.shtml |title=Puerto Rico Geography |accessdate=2007-06-30 |publisher=ToPuertoRico.org }}</ref> ===Climate=== San Juan haes a [[tropical monsoon climate]] an enjoys an average temperatur o {{convert|79.9|F|1}} awtho {{convert|90|°F|0}} or heicher temperaturs are aften felt durin the wetter months o the northren simmer, especially if the winds come frae the sooth. In the winter, temperatures can drop tae aroond {{convert|60|°F}}, tho the average winter law is {{convert|71|°F|0}}. The ceulest temperatur iver recordit wis {{convert|60|°F|0}} on 3 Mairch 1957, an the hettest wis {{convert|98|°F|0}} on 9 October 1981.<ref name=TWC/> Rainfaw is well-distributit throuoot the year, but the months o Januar, Februar, an Mairch are the driest; as Februar averages juist unner {{convert|1.95|in|1}} o rain, the ceety faws unner the [[tropical monsoon climate|tropical monsoon]] category.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.climate-zone.com/climate/puerto-rico/fahrenheit/san-juan-intl-arpt.htm|title=San Juan, Puerto Rico climate}}</ref> Rainfaw averages {{convert|56.35|in|mm|1}}, fawin on a average 198.5 days per year; despite this dampness, the ceety averages nearly 3,000 oors o sunshine per year, or juist ower 2/3 o the possible tot.<ref name=Climate>{{cite web |url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP4/78526.TXT |title = WMO Climate Normals for SAN JUAN/ISLA VERDE INT'L ARP,PR 1961–1990 |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date = March 10, 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230624144014/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP4/78526.TXT |archive-date = 2023-06-24}}</ref> <div style="width:70%;"> {{Weather box |location = [[San Juan Luis Muñoz Marin International Airport|San Juan Marin Int'l]], Puerto Rico (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1898–present){{efn|Official records for San Juan were kept at downtown from November 1898 to December 1955 and at San Juan Marin Int'l since January 1956.<ref>[http://threadex.rcc-acis.org/ ThreadEx]</ref>}} |single line = Y |temperature colour = pastel |Jan record high F = 92 |Feb record high F = 96 |Mar record high F = 96 |Apr record high F = 97 |May record high F = 96 |Jun record high F = 97 |Jul record high F = 95 |Aug record high F = 97 |Sep record high F = 97 |Oct record high F = 98 |Nov record high F = 96 |Dec record high F = 94 |year record high F =98 |Jan avg record high F = 87.5 |Feb avg record high F = 88.2 |Mar avg record high F = 90.2 |Apr avg record high F = 91.8 |May avg record high F = 92.7 |Jun avg record high F = 92.9 |Jul avg record high F = 92.3 |Aug avg record high F = 92.7 |Sep avg record high F = 93.5 |Oct avg record high F = 92.8 |Nov avg record high F = 90.3 |Dec avg record high F = 87.7 |year avg record high F = 94.7 |Jan high F = 83.2 |Feb high F = 83.7 |Mar high F = 84.9 |Apr high F = 86.2 |May high F = 87.5 |Jun high F = 88.9 |Jul high F = 88.7 |Aug high F = 89.2 |Sep high F = 89.2 |Oct high F = 88.4 |Nov high F = 85.9 |Dec high F = 83.9 |year high F = 86.6 |Jan mean F = 77.6 |Feb mean F = 77.9 |Mar mean F = 78.9 |Apr mean F = 80.3 |May mean F = 81.9 |Jun mean F = 83.3 |Jul mean F = 83.4 |Aug mean F = 83.7 |Sep mean F = 83.5 |Oct mean F = 82.6 |Nov mean F = 80.6 |Dec mean F = 78.7 |Jan low F = 72.0 |Feb low F = 72.0 |Mar low F = 72.9 |Apr low F = 74.4 |May low F = 76.3 |Jun low F = 77.7 |Jul low F = 78.1 |Aug low F = 78.2 |Sep low F = 77.8 |Oct low F = 76.9 |Nov low F = 75.2 |Dec low F = 73.4 |year low F =75.4 |Jan avg record low F = 67.1 |Feb avg record low F = 67.8 |Mar avg record low F = 68.5 |Apr avg record low F = 70.0 |May avg record low F = 71.8 |Jun avg record low F = 73.6 |Jul avg record low F = 73.6 |Aug avg record low F = 74.0 |Sep avg record low F = 73.7 |Oct avg record low F = 73.0 |Nov avg record low F = 70.9 |Dec avg record low F = 68.9 |year avg record low F = 66.7 |Jan record low F = 61 |Feb record low F = 62 |Mar record low F = 60 |Apr record low F = 64 |May record low F = 66 |Jun record low F = 66 |Jul record low F = 69 |Aug record low F = 68 |Sep record low F = 69 |Oct record low F = 67 |Nov record low F = 65 |Dec record low F = 62 |year record low F =60 |rain colour = green |Jan rain inch = 3.76 |Feb rain inch = 2.39 |Mar rain inch = 1.95 |Apr rain inch = 4.68 |May rain inch = 5.90 |Jun rain inch = 4.41 |Jul rain inch = 5.07 |Aug rain inch = 5.46 |Sep rain inch = 5.77 |Oct rain inch = 5.59 |Nov rain inch = 6.35 |Dec rain inch = 5.02 |year rain inch=56.35 |unit rain days = 0.01 in |Jan rain days = 17.6 |Feb rain days = 13.9 |Mar rain days = 12.2 |Apr rain days = 13.3 |May rain days = 15.7 |Jun rain days = 14.4 |Jul rain days = 18.6 |Aug rain days = 18.5 |Sep rain days = 17.4 |Oct rain days = 17.7 |Nov rain days = 19.6 |Dec rain days = 19.6 |Jan sun = 237.4 |Jan percentsun = 69 |Feb sun = 231.2 |Feb percentsun = 72 |Mar sun = 282.0 |Mar percentsun = 76 |Apr sun = 268.3 |Apr percentsun = 71 |May sun = 255.2 |May percentsun = 63 |Jun sun = 259.4 |Jun percentsun = 65 |Jul sun = 280.8 |Jul percentsun = 69 |Aug sun = 267.8 |Aug percentsun = 68 |Sep sun = 234.7 |Sep percentsun = 64 |Oct sun = 227.2 |Oct percentsun = 63 |Nov sun = 202.4 |Nov percentsun = 60 |Dec sun = 217.4 |Dec percentsun = 64 |year percentsun = 67 |Jan humidity = 74.0 |Feb humidity = 72.4 |Mar humidity = 71.0 |Apr humidity = 71.3 |May humidity = 74.9 |Jun humidity = 75.5 |Jul humidity = 75.9 |Aug humidity = 76.4 |Sep humidity = 76.4 |Oct humidity = 76.9 |Nov humidity = 76.2 |Dec humidity = 74.7 |year humidity =74.6 |source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] (relative humidity an sun 1961–1990)<ref name=Climate/>, [[The Weather Channel]]<ref name=TWC>{{cite web | url = http://www.weather.com/outlook/homeandgarden/garden/wxclimatology/monthly/USPR0087 | title = Monthly Averages for San Juan, PR – Temperature and Precipitation | accessdate = 2011-04-16 | publisher = [[The Weather Channel]] | archive-date = 2012-10-23 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121023212900/http://www.weather.com/outlook/homeandgarden/garden/wxclimatology/monthly/USPR0087 | url-status = dead }}</ref> }} </div> ==Ceetyscape== ===Airchitectur=== The airchitectur o San Juan is vera diverse, due tae its size an aw the cultural influences receivit durin its existence. The auldest pairt o the ceety, kent as [[Auld San Juan]], maistly featurs the influence [[Spaingie airchitectur]]. This pairt o the ceety is comprised bi a netwirk o [[Sett (pavin)|setted roads]] uisually surroondit bi auncient, twa-storiet hooses biggit on [[masonry]]. Some colonial structurs hae been restored an serve aither as govrenment offices or museums. Some ensaumples are the [[Ballajá Barracks]], which nou serve as museum an heidquairter o several cultural organisations; [[La Fortaleza]], which haes servit as the residence o the [[Govrenor o Puerto Rico]] syne the 16t Century; an the Auncient Welfare Asylum, which nou hooses the Institute o Puerto Rican Cultur, amang ithers. Auld San Juan featurs several public squares an aw, lik the [[Plaza de Armas, San Juan|Plaza de Armas]], locatit in front o San Juan City Hall; an cathedrals, lik the [[Cathedral o San Juan Bautista]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediapr.org/pr_new/viejo_sanjuan.php|title=Viejo San Juan|work=Enciclopedia Puerto Rico|author=Grupo Editorial EPRL|accessdate=November 4, 2012|archive-date=2013-07-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723220237/http://www.enciclopediapr.org/pr_new/viejo_sanjuan.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Auld San Juan is notable for bein pairtly enclosed bi massive waws an fortifications biggit bi the [[Spaingie govrenment]] an aw. The airchitectur is mair variet in ither destricts o the ceety. The destrict o [[Santurce, San Juan|Santurce]] featurs a lot o influence frae [[airt deco]], while the destricts o [[Hato Rey, San Juan|Hato Rey]] featur mair modren structurs. ===Destricts=== [[File:Map of San Juan Districts.jpg|thumb|400px|Destricts o San Juan]] Wha is nou kent as Auld San Juan occupeed the wastren end o a rocky islet at the mooth o San Juan Bay. Durin the 20t century, the main population centres surgit well ayond the waws o the auld ceety an ontae Puerto Rico's main island, an mergit wi the existin dounsets east an sooth o Auld San Juan. Wi the annexation o [[Río Piedras, Puerto Rico|Río Piedras]] in 1951, the municipality o San Juan grew fower times its previous size. As a result, the ceety is nou componed o a variety o destricts an neebourheids. San Juan is nou subdividit intae 18 destricts,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://welcome.topuertorico.org/maps/sanjuan.pdf |title=San Juan map: Municipo de San Juan |publisher=Welcome.topuertorico.org |accessdate=2012-11-25}}</ref> 16 o which faw athin the umwhile municipality o [[Río Piedras]]. Aicht destricts are faur subdividit intae sectors, includin twa destricts in the aurie that covered the oreeginal municipality o San Juan. The 18 destricts are: {{div col|cols=2}} # [[Caimito, San Juan|Caimito]] # [[Cupey, San Juan|Cupey]] # [[El Cinco, San Juan|El Cinco]] # [[Gobernador Piñero, San Juan|Gobernador Piñero]] # [[Hato Rey Central, San Juan|Hato Rey Central]] # [[Hato Rey Norte, San Juan|Hato Rey Norte]] # [[Hato Rey Sur, San Juan|Hato Rey Sur]] # [[Monacillo, San Juan|Monacillo]] # [[Monacillo Urbano, San Juan|Monacillo Urbano]] # [[Oriente, San Juan|Oriente]] # [[Pueblo, San Juan|Pueblo]] # [[Quebrada Arenas, San Juan|Quebrada Arenas]] # [[Sabana Llana|Sabana Llana Norte]] # [[Sabana Llana|Sabana Llana Sur]] # San Juan Antiguo ([[Auld San Juan]]) # [[Santurce, Puerto Rico|Santurce]] # [[Tortugo, San Juan|Tortugo]] # [[Universidad]] {{div col end}} ====Auld San Juan==== {{Main|Auld San Juan}} [[File:San Juan 3.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Streets in Auld San Juan]] Durin the Spaingie colonial times maist o the urban population resided in what is nou kent as [[Auld San Juan]]. This sector is locatit on the wastren hauf o a sma island cried the ''Isleta de San Juan'', which is connectit tae the mainland bi twa brigs an a [[causewey]]. The sma island, which comprises an aurie o 47&nbsp;square miles (122&nbsp;km²), hosts the wirkin-cless neebourheid o [[Puerta de Tierra]] an maist o Puerto Rico's [[:en:Executive Departments of the Government of Puerto Rico|central govrenment]] biggins an aw, includin the [[Puerto Rico Capitol|Commonwalth's Capitol]]. The main central pairt o the ceety is characterisit bi narrae streets made o blue [[cobblestane]] an picturesque colonial biggins, some o which date back tae the 16t an 17t century. Sections o the auld ceety are surroondit bi massive waws an several defensive structurs an notable forts. Thir include the 16t-century [[Fort San Felipe del Morro]] an the 17t-century [[Fort San Cristóbal]], baith pairt o [[San Juan National Historic Site]], an the 16t-century [[El Palacio de Santa Catalina]], kent as [[La Fortaleza]] an aw, which serves as the govrenor's mansion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/60sjspanish/60sanjuan.htm|title=Los Castillos del Viejo San Juan|language=Spanish|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2007-05-06|archive-date=2012-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412063451/http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/60sjspanish/60sanjuan.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ither biggins o interest predatin the 20t century are the ''Ayuntamiento or Alcaldía'' (Ceety Haw), the ''Diputación Provincial'' an the ''Real Intendencia'' buildings, which currently hoose the [[Puerto Rico Department of State]], the [[Casa Rosa]], the [[San José Church]] (1523) an the adjacent [[Hotel El Convento]], the umwhile hoose o the Ponce de León faimily kent as [[Casa Blanca (San Juan)|Casa Blanca]], the [[Teatro Tapia]], the umwhile Spaingie barracks (nou Museum o Ballajá), ''La Princesa'' (umwhile municipal jyle, nou heidquairterin the [[Puerto Rico Tourism Company]]), an the municipal cemetery o ''[[Magdalena de Pazzi|Santa María Magdalena de Pazzi]]'', locatit juist ootside the ceety waws.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://home.coqui.net/sarrasin/ballaja.htm|title=History of ''El Cuartel de Ballajá'' |language=Spanish |publisher=Coquí.Net |accessdate=2007-05-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000410021201/http://home.coqui.net/sarrasin/ballaja.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 April 2000}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rootsweb.com/~prsanjua/pazzi.htm|title=Viejo Cementerio de San Juan (graveyard's history)|author=E. Ramirez Brau|year=2005|language=Spanish|accessdate=2007-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070116042729/http://www.rootsweb.com/~prsanjua/pazzi.htm|archivedate=2007-01-16|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Teatro Tapia|publisher=Yahoo Travel|url=http://travel.yahoo.com/p-travelguide-2770412-tapia_theater_san_juan-i;_ylc=X3oDMTFka28zOGNuBF9TAzI3NjY2NzkEX3MDOTY5NTUzMjUEc2VjA3NzcC1kZXN0BHNsawN0aXRsZQ--|accessdate=2007-05-03|archive-date=2012-03-13|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/668Kz075G?url=http://travel.yahoo.com/p-travelguide-2770412-tapia_theater_san_juan-i|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Cathedral o San Juan Bautista]] (construction began in the 1520s) is locatit in Auld San Juan an aw, an contains the tomb o the Spaingie splorer an dounset foonder [[Juan Ponce de León]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://catedraldesanjuanpr.org/en|title=Official Web Site of the Cathedral of San Juan Bautista |language=Spanish|accessdate=2007-05-03}}</ref> Auld San Juan, kent as the "auld ceety", is the main cultural tourist attraction in Puerto Rico; its bayside is lined bi dock slips for lairge [[cruise ship]]s. ====Ither destricts==== [[Image:Skyline of San Juan, Puerto Rico.jpg|thumb|right|193px|The Central Business Destrict as viewed frae Ocean Park]] East o Auld San Juan lees the walthy tourist-orientit neebourheid o [[Condado (Santurce)|Condado]], which occupees laund that uised tae be awned bi entrepreneur Pablo Ubarri Capetillo, a Spaingie railwey developer an Coont o San José de Santurce unner the Spaingie colonial period. Beaches sic as nearbi [[Ocean Park (Santurce)|Ocean Park]], popular wi soummers, [[surfers]] an [[kitesurfers]], are foond aw alang the destrict's Atlantic coastline which is the locus o numerous hotels an aw. Near Condado are twa separate business destricts, [[Santurce, San Juan|Santurce]] an [[Miramar (Santurce)|Miramar]]. Miramar is mainly a residential aurie risin sooth o the Condado Lagoon. It comprises the umwhile ''[[barrio]]'' o Miraflores, as well as drained mairskland an landfill ower which wis biggit San Juan's first airport, the Isla Grande airport, which wis renamit [[Fernando Luis Ribas Dominicci Airport]] in honour o Major [[Fernando Luis Ribas-Dominicci]] (USAF). Miramar nou hosts the [[Puerto Rico Convention Center]] as well as some o San Juan Harbor's cruise ship piers. In 2005 Miramar wis designatit an historical destrict o Puerto Rico.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miramarpr.com/|title=Informese: Miramar designated a historical district|publisher=MiramarPR|year=2007|accessdate=2007-05-06|archive-date=2007-10-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014192026/http://miramarpr.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Santurce, oreeginally namit ''San Mateo de Cangrejos'' (Saunt Matthew o the Crabs), wis a dounset for freed African slaves durin the early days o the ceety. Efter Pablo Ubarri socht permission tae link San Juan wi Río Piedras proper via steam tramwey in 1878, the time it teuk tae traivel atween baith pynts wur shortened an tharebi stimulatit the colonisation an growthe o the destrict. At the beginnin o the twintiet century an electric trolley wis installed, the tounship wis split intae three pairts, an its main dounset, mergit wi the ceety, wis renamit uisin the Spainyie spellin o [[Santurtzi]] (''[[Saunt George]]'' in Basque), Ubarri's birthplace in [[Biscay|Vizcaya]], Spain. The "Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico" ([[Puerto Rico Museum of Art]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mapr.org/|title=Official site of the Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico|language=Spanish|publisher=Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico|year=2006|accessdate=2007-05-06}}</ref> an ither important cultural venues are locatit in Santurce. Sooth o Santurce is [[Hato Rey]], pairt o the umwhile municipality o Río Piedras. Hato Rey wis grazin grund for cattle awned bi the ryal govrenment (hence its name, the ''Keeng's Herd'' in Spainyie) as early as the 16t century,<ref name="mini-wall-street"/> and is nou considered the financial centre of the island. A section of this destrict is eften referred tae as ''[[Milla de Oro]]'' (actually {{convert|0.47|mi|km|2}} lang) due in pairt tae the mony banks and businesses locatit thare.<ref name="mini-wall-street">{{cite web|url=http://www.puertorico-herald.org/issues/2004/vol8n47/PRSST0847-en.shtml|title=Eatin’ Where The Cows Used To Roam: Hato Rey Dining At Its Best|author=Brenda A. Mari|publisher=The Puerto Rico Herald|date=2004-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041124095522/https://www.puertorico-herald.org/issues/2004/vol8n47/PRSST0847-en.shtml|archive-date=24 November 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref> In the soothren pairt o the ceety is the socially diversifee'd commonty o [[Río Piedras]]. Foondit in the mid 1850s, Río Piedras wis a separate toun which hostit succar cane plantations an the estates o some o San Juan's walthiest indwallers (as well as thair wirkin cless staff). The Spainyie colonial govrenors haed thair simmer hame thare on laund an aw which eventually gae wey tae the main campus o the [[University of Puerto Rico]]. In 1951 the municipalities o San Juan an Río Piedras wur mergit tae redefine San Juan's current ceety leemits. The day Río Piedras comprises the lairgest aurie o the municipality o San Juan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Official site of the University of Puerto Rico|url=https://www.upr.edu/|language=Spanish|publisher=Universidad de Puerto Rico|year=2007|accessdate=2007-05-06}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> an is hame tae the renouned, tradeetional "Plaza del Mercado" (Río Piedras [[Mercatplace]]), the main campus an the Medical Sciences campus o the [[University of Puerto Rico]] an the [[San Juan Botanical Garden]]. ==Sports== Teams based in San Juan hae been notably successfu in athletic competeetion. The [[Santurce Crabbers (basketbaa)|Santurce Crabbers]] wan the [[National Superior Basketball League]] championship on 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 an 2003 durin this period bein recognisit as a dynasty. The San Juan Senators an the [[Santurce Crabbers (basebaa)|Santurce Crabbers]] wur the twa major basebaa teams in the ceety, the championship o the [[Puerto Rican Professional Baseball League]] a tot o seiventeen times. The Santurce Crabbers are locatit third amang teams wi maire championships in the [[Caribbean Series]], winnin championships in the 1951, 1953, 1955, 1993 an 2000 edeetions o the tournament. The ceety haes been the host o numerous events athin the sports commonty an aw; some ensaumples include: * Host o the [[1966 Central American an Caribbean Games]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pju.org/nuevo/histjuegoscac.htm#During|title=Historia de los Juegos Centro Americanos y del Caribe|language=Spanish|publisher=Unión Pan Americana de Judo|year=1998|accessdate=2007-05-06|archive-date=2007-04-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421164252/http://www.pju.org/nuevo/histjuegoscac.htm#During|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Host o the [[1979 Pan American Games]].<ref>{{cite web|title=VIII Pan American Games|url=http://www.la84foundation.org/8saa/PanAm/san_juan.htm|publisher=LA84 Foundation|accessdate=2007-05-06|archive-date=2008-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080602041914/http://www.la84foundation.org/8saa/PanAm/san_juan.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Haes been host o the [[Caribbean World Series]] nine times.<ref>{{cite web|title=Caribbean World Series Historical Statistics 2005|url=http://www.latinobaseball.com/cwb-hstatics.html|publisher=Latino Baseball|year=2005|accessdate=2007-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213055513/http://www.latinobaseball.com/cwb-hstatics.html|archivedate=2007-02-13|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.latinobaseball.com/cwb-hstatics.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-01-23 |archive-date=2007-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213055513/http://www.latinobaseball.com/cwb-hstatics.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Major League Baseball]]'s [[Montreal Expos]] played 22 hame gemmes at [[Hiram Bithorn Stadium]] in baith 2003 an 2004.<ref>{{cite web|author=Josh Dubow|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/sports/baseball/20030602-0938-bbo-puertorico.html|title=Expos odyssey takes them back to Puerto Rico|publisher=SingOnSanDiego.com|year=2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030707090715/http://www.signonsandiego.com/sports/baseball/20030602-0938-bbo-puertorico.html|archive-date=7 July 2003|url-status=dead}}</ref> The team briefly considered muivin permanently tae San Juan afore relocatin tae Washington, D.C an aw. * Hostit twa roonds o the [[2006 World Baseball Classic]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Japan crowned Classic's first champ|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070528031322mp_/http://ww2.worldbaseballclassic.com/2006/news/recap.jsp?ymd=20060320&content_id=1357183&gameid=2006_03_20_jpnint_cubint_1&sid=wbc|publisher=World Baseball Classic via internet archive|year=2006|accessdate=2007-05-06}}</ref> * Host o the [[1974 FIBA World Championship]] (basketbaa).<ref>{{cite web|title=Year by Year Champions|publisher=Fiba |url=http://www.authenticbasketball.com/fiba_world_cup/year_by_year_champions.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061022094154/http://www.authenticbasketball.com/fiba_world_cup/year_by_year_champions.htm|archive-date=22 October 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Haes been host o the [[FIBA Americas Championship]] five times (1980, 1993, 1999, 2003, 2009). * The first edeetion o [[WWE|World Wrestling Entertainment]]'s pey per view [[New Year's Revolution]] wis held here in Januar 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/newyearsrevolution/history/resultshistory|title=New Year's revolution Pay-Per-View history|publisher=World Wrestling Entertainment|year=2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051215101044/http://www.wwe.com/shows/newyearsrevolution/history/resultshistory|archive-date=22 October 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref> * The Latin American Regional [[Special Olympics]] in Februar 2010 * Host o Major League Baseball's 2010 "San Juan Series", three gemmes o the Mets at Marlins held on 28–30 Juin 2010 at [[Hiram Bithorn Stadium]]. The recently biggit $28-million San Juan Natatorium is beginnin tae attract islandwide an regional soum meets, as well winter trainin bi tap-ratit mainland U.S. colleges an varsities, includin the [[United States Military Academy]] at [[West Point]] an the [[United States Naval Academy]] at [[Annapolis]]. In Julie 2007, the San Juan Golf Academy an its gowf drivin range began operatin atop the ceety's umwhile sanitar landfill in [[Puerto Nuevo (Hato Rey)|Puerto Nuevo]] an will eventually include the ceety's first an anerlie 9-hole gowf course. ===Perfaisional teams=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Club !Sport !League !Venue |- |[[Cangrejeros de Santurce (basebaa)|Cangrejeros de Santurce]] |Basebaw |[[Puerto Rico Baseball League]] |[[Hiram Bithorn Stadium]] |- |[[Cangrejeros de Santurce (basketbaa)|Cangrejeros de Santurce]] |Basketbaw |[[Baloncesto Superior Nacional]] |[[José Miguel Agrelot Coliseum]] or Mario "Quijote" Morales Coliseum in Guaynabo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.coliseodepuertorico.com|title=Coliseo de Puerto Rico Official website|language=Spanish|accessdate=2007-05-08|publisher=SMG}}</ref> |- |[[Atléticos de San Juan]] |Fitbaw/Balompié (Soccer) |[[Puerto Rico Soccer League]] |Hiram Bithorn Stadium.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.fedefutbolpr.com/afiliados/prsl/atletico.htm| title=Afiliados: Atlético San Juan Fútbol Club| publisher=Federación Puertorriqueña de Fútbol| language=Spanish| accessdate=2010-02-10| archive-date=2008-11-21| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121082957/http://www.fedefutbolpr.com/afiliados/prsl/atletico.htm| url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Academia Quintana]] |Fitbaw/Balompié (Soccer) |Puerto Rico Soccer League |Hiram Bithorn Stadium.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.fedefutbolpr.com/afiliados/prsl/quintana.htm| title=Afiliados: Professional Team Academia Quintana FC| publisher=Federación Puertorriqueña de Fútbol| language=Spanish| accessdate=2010-02-09| archive-date=2012-02-24| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224194714/http://www.fedefutbolpr.com/afiliados/prsl/quintana.htm| url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |San Juan United | Fitbaw/Balompié (Soccer) |Puerto Rico Soccer League Seicont Division |Sixto Escobar Stadium.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.fedefutbolpr.com/afiliados/masters/united.htm| title=Afiliados: San Juan United Soccer Club, Corp.| publisher=Federación Puertorriqueña de Fútbol| language=Spanish| accessdate=2010-02-09| archive-date=2009-07-27| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090727055239/http://www.fedefutbolpr.com/afiliados/masters/united.htm| url-status=dead}}</ref> |} ==Sister ceeties== The follaein ceeties hae been identifeed as sister ceeties bi [[Sister Cities International]]:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/Caribbean/PuertoRico|title=Online Directory: Puerto Rico, Caribbean|publisher=Sister Cities International|year=2007|accessdate=2007-06-25|archive-date=2008-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228135435/http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/Caribbean/PuertoRico|url-status=dead}}</ref> * {{flagicon|Spain}} [[Cádiz]], [[Spain]] * {{flagicon|Colombia}} [[Cartagena, Colombie]] * {{flagicon|US}} [[Honolulu]], Hawaii, Unitit States * {{flagicon|US}} [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]], Florida, Unitit States * {{flagicon|Guatemala}} [[Guatemala Ceety]], [[Guatemala]] * {{flagicon|Philippines}} [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]], [[Philippines]] * {{flagicon|Dominican Republic}} [[Santiago de los Caballeros|Santiago]], [[Dominican Republic]] ===Twin towns — Sister ceeties=== [[Killeen, Texas]] is [[toun twinnin|twinned]] wi San Juan, Puerto Rico.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://kdhnews.com/news/politics/killeen-plans-to-add-third-sister-city/article_a6e2a8ac-cc33-11e3-b2b2-001a4bcf6878.html |title=Killeen plans to add third sister city |publisher=KDH News|first=Natalie|last=Stewart|date=24 April 2014|accessdate=30 August 2026}}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{Leet o North American caipitals}} {{DEFAULTSORT:San Juan, Puerto Rico}} [[Category:1508 establishments]] [[Category:1521 establishments]] [[Category:Caipitals o poleetical diveesions in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Caipitals in North Americae]] [[Category:Populatit coastal places in Puerto Rico]] [[Category:San Juan, Puerto Rico| ]] [[Category:Caipitals in the Caribbean]] [[Category:Bermuda Triangle]] [[Category:Port ceeties in Puerto Rico]] [[Category:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo metropolitan aurie]] [[Category:Municipalities o Puerto Rico]] [[Category:1520s establishments in the Spaingie Empire]] [[Category:Populatit places established in the 1500s]] hfzpmdmbi014xfuqlvptpbcifmnzlwh 0 33217 922667 907068 2026-09-11T19:59:30Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922667 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians --> {{Infobox muisical airtist | name = November-7 | image = November-7 Live.jpg | caption = November-7 live <br /> (openin act for [[Within Temptation]]) | image_size = | landscape = | background = group_or_band | origin = Swisserland | years_active = {{Start date|2005}}–present | genre = Metal | label = Daily-Rock Records <br /> {{URL|www.daily-rock.com/label}} | associated_acts = | website = {{URL|www.november-7.com/}} | current_members = Annamaria Cozza (vocals)<br />Stéphane Geiser (lead guitar)<br />Yann Siegenthaler (drums)<br />Matt Walters (rhythm guitar)<br />Stéphane Berginz (samplers) | past_members = Yann Berger (rhythm guitar)<br />Gil Reber (drums) }} '''November-7''' is a [[Swisserland|Swiss]]-based metal baund frae [[Neuchâtel]]. Formit in 2005, the group is known for its mix of guitar-based metal wi electro influences alang wi melodic vocal lines an orchestral arrangements. As o Januar 2012 the baund are wirkin on the follaeup tae their first studio album, ''Season 3'', which receivit excellent reviews throu-oot Europe an the US. == History == ===Formation an EPs (2005-2009)=== Guitarist Stéphane Geiser an vocalist Annamaria Cozza formit November-7 in 2005 an quickly released their first EP ''Mesmerised'' (2006). Recruitin guitarist Yann Berger an drummer Gil Reber, they stairtit playin local venues an establishin their reputation as a live act. While ''Mesmerised'' established their style, it wis 2007's "Angel" an its eponymous EP that got November-7 their first media attention an local radio airplay, an spread the baund's reputation further afield. ===''Alive!'' (2008)=== In 2008, a show in Neuchâtel gave the baund an opportunity tae record their live show. The result wis the live album/DVD set ''Alive!'' which immediately caught the attention o specialist magazines such as ''Hard Rock Mag'', ''Metal Edge Magazine'' an ''Synthetics Mag''. Wi positive reviews, a new drummer (Yann Siegenthaler), a steady stream o gigs across the kintra, November-7 stairtit wirk in earnest on their first full-length studio album. ===''Season 3'' (2010-present)=== Throughoot 2010, live shows throughoot Swisserland cementit November-7's reputation as a live act tae see. A new rhythm guitarist, Matt Walters joined in Januar 2010, an recordins for the album went on throughoot the year. In Autumn 2010, Stéphane an Annamaria went tae [[Stockholm]] tae mix the album at Toytown Studios wi producer Stefan Glaumann (o [[Rammstein]], [[Clawfinger]], [[Within Temptation]]). The resultin album, ''Season 3'' (2011), wis released in Februar 2011 an gathered excellent reviews frae magazines an wabzines throughoot the warld. The album wis released bi record label Daily Rock Records an wis distributit athort Europe (Musikvertrieb/Season of Mist) an in the USA (Sonic Cathedral). The album's popularity an the baund's live reputation lead tae the baund being asked tae open for such warld-class acts as [[Lacuna Coil]] an [[Within Temptation]] in 2011, an tae the baund's first US appearance in the form o a showcase in [[Seattle]] in October 2011. The band is currently wirkin on the follow-up tae ''Season 3'' an leukin forrit tae shows in Swisserland, Belgium, [[Germany]] an the UK in 2012. == Baund members == ;Current members * Annamaria Cozza (vocals) 2005–present (foondin member) * Stéphane Geiser (lead [[guitar]]) 2005–present (foondin member) * Yann Siegenthaler (drums) 2009–present * Matt Walters (rhythm guitar) 2010–present * Stéphane Berginz (samplers) 2011–present ;Past members * Yann Berger (rhythm guitar) 2006-2010 * Gil Reber (drums) 2006-2009 == Discography == ;Studio albums * 2010 - Parasite (single) * 2011 - Season 3 ;Live albums & DVD * 2008 - Alive! ;EP's * 2006 - Mesmerize (Season I) * 2007 - Angel (Season II) == Videography == * 2007 - Angel - Music video * 2008 - Alive! - Live DVD * 2010 - Parasite - Music video * 2011 - In My Mind - Music video == References == ;Season 3 album review * Metalstorm, USA => http://www.metalstorm.net/pub/review.php?review_id=8940 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205053420/http://www.metalstorm.net/pub/review.php?review_id=8940 |date=2013-02-05 }} * Sonic Cathedral Webzine, USA => http://www.soniccathedral.com/webzine/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=582&Itemid=35 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717230702/http://www.soniccathedral.com/webzine/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=582&Itemid=35 |date=2011-07-17 }} * GryphonMetal, Switzerland => http://www.gryphonmetal.ch/November7_Season3.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324171301/http://www.gryphonmetal.ch/November7_Season3.html |date=2014-03-24 }} * Stalker Magazine => http://www.stalker.cd/index.php?lang=2&content=62&kat=cd&id=2090 * Femme Metal Webzine,UK => http://www.femmemetal.net/november7season3rev.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324153955/http://www.femmemetal.net/november7season3rev.htm |date=2014-03-24 }} * Fit4Talent, UK => http://www.fit4talent.com/reviews/season-3-by-november-7/13/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127111450/http://www.fit4talent.com/reviews/season-3-by-november-7/13/ |date=2011-11-27 }} ;Band * Fit4Talent, UK Interview => http://www.fit4talent.com/interviews/november-7/42/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111211055850/http://www.fit4talent.com/interviews/november-7/42/ |date=2011-12-11 }} == Freemit airtins == * {{Official website|http://www.november-7.com}} * {{YouTube user | november7ch }} [[Category:Swiss hivy metal muisical groups]] jot18awd946npcyge1d38lf77vm9tdw 0 36496 922671 907056 2026-09-11T22:01:44Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922671 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Argentinae]] is subdividit intae twinty-three [[province]]s ({{lang-es|provincias}}, singular ''provincia'') an ane [[autonomous ceety|autonomous city]] (''Ciudad autónoma de Buenos Aires'', informally the ''Capital Federal''). The city an the provinces hae their ain constitutions, but exist unner a federal system. Provinces are then dealt intae [[Depairtments o Argentinae|depairtments]] ({{lang-es|departamentos}}, singular ''departamento''), except for [[Buenos Aires Province]], whilk is dealt intae ''partidos''. ==First-level Political divisions o Argentinae== === Provinces o Argentinae an Autonomous Ceety o Buenos Aires=== {| style="background:transparent;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" |- valign="top" |style="width:370px; font-size:95%;"| *'''{{flag|Buenos Aires|name=Autonomous Ceety o Buenos Aires}}'''{{smallsup|a}} *'''{{flag|Buenos Aires Province}}''' *'''{{flag|Catamarca}}''' *'''{{flag|Chaco}}''' *'''{{flag|Chubut}}''' *'''{{flag|Córdoba}}''' *'''{{flag|Corrientes}}''' *'''{{flag|Entre Ríos}}''' *'''{{flag|Formosa}}''' *'''{{flag|Jujuy}}''' *'''{{flag|La Pampa}}''' *'''{{flag|La Rioja (Argentina)}}''' *'''{{flag|Mendoza}}''' *'''{{flag|Misiones}}''' *'''{{flag|Neuquén}}''' *'''{{flag|Río Negro (Argentina)}}'''{{smallsup|b}} *'''{{flag|Salta}}''' *'''{{flag|San Juan}}''' *'''{{flag|San Luis}}''' *'''{{flag|Santa Cruz}}''' *'''{{flag|Santa Fe}}''' *'''{{flag|Santiago del Estero}}''' *'''{{flag|Tierra del Fuego|name=Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur}}'''{{smallsup|c}} *'''{{flag|Tucumán}}''' <br> {{smaller|^'''a''' No a Province. '''''Autonomous Ceety''''' an seat o [[Politics o Argentinae|Naitional Govrenment]].<br>(Kent as [[Buenos Aires|Buenos Aires Ceety]] an aw).<br/>^'''b''' or [[Río Negro Province|Provincia del Río Negro]].<br/>^'''c''' Tierra del Fuego Province includes claims ower [[Argentine Antarcticae]], [[Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute|Falkland Islands]], an [[South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands sovereignty dispute|South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands]].}} | {{Argentina imagemap with province names|400}} |} == Demografics == {{main|Demografics o Argentinae}} {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;" ! Flag ! Province/Destrict ! Caipital ! Offeecial Leid !width="80px"| Population (2010)<ref name=censo2010>[http://200.51.91.231/censo2010/ 2010 Census provisional results] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120901061446/http://200.51.91.231/censo2010/ |date=2012-09-01 }}</ref> !!width="30px"| Rank !!width="60px"| Aurie (km²) !!width="30px"| Rank !!width="60px"| Densitie (/km²)<ref name=censo2010 /> !!width="30px"| Rank |-bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Buenos Aires}} |\\\\ align="left"| [[Buenos Aires|Buenos Aires Ceety]] || -- |align="right"| | {{commas|2891082}} || 4 || {{commas|203}} || 24 || {{commas|14241.8}} || 1 |-bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Buenos Aires Province}} |align="left"| [[Buenos Aires Province]] |align="left"| [[La Plata]] |align="right"| | {{commas|15594428}} || 1 || {{commas|307571}} || 1 || {{commas|50.7}} || 3 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Catamarca}} |align="left"| [[Catamarca Province]] |align="left"| [[San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca|S.F.V. de Catamarca]]{{smallsup|a}} |align="right"| | {{commas|367820}} || 20 || {{commas|102602}} || 11 || {{commas|3.6}} || 20 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Chaco}} |align="left"| [[Chaco Province]] |align="left"| [[Resistencia, Chaco|Resistencia]] |align="right"| | {{commas|1053466}} || 10 || {{commas|99633}} || 12 || {{commas|10.6}} || 11 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Chubut}} |align="left"| [[Chubut Province]] |align="left"| [[Rawson, Chubut|Rawson]] |align="right"| | {{commas|506668}} || 18 || {{commas|224686}} || 3 || {{commas|2.3}} || 22 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Córdoba}} |align="left"| [[Córdoba Province, Argentinae|Córdoba Province]] |align="left"| [[Córdoba, Argentinae|Córdoba]] |align="right"| | {{commas|3304825}} || 2 || {{commas|165321}} || 5 || {{commas|20.0}} || 6 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Corrientes}} |align="left"| [[Corrientes Province]] |align="left"| [[Corrientes]] |align="right"| [[Argentine Spainyie|Spainyie]], [[Guaraní leid|Guaraní]] | {{commas|993338}} || 11 || {{commas|88199}} || 16 || {{commas|11.3}} || 10 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Entre Ríos}} |align="left"| [[Entre Ríos Province]] |align="left"| [[Paraná, Argentinae|Paraná]] |align="right"| | {{commas|1236300}} || 7 || {{commas|78781}} || 17 || {{commas|15.7}} || 7 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Formosa}} |align="left"| [[Formosa Province]] |align="left"| [[Formosa, Argentinae|Formosa]] |align="right"| | {{commas|527895}} || 17 || {{commas|72066}} || 19 || {{commas|7.3}} || 14 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Jujuy}} |align="left"| [[Jujuy]] |align="left"| [[San Salvador de Jujuy]] |align="right"| | {{commas|672260}} || 14 || {{commas|53219}} || 20 || {{commas|12.6}} || 8 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|La Pampa}} |align="left"| [[La Pampa Province]] |align="left"| [[Santa Rosa, Argentinae|Santa Rosa]] |align="right"| | {{commas|316940}} || 22 || {{commas|143440}} || 8 || {{commas|2.2}} || 23 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|La Rioja (Argentina)}} |align="left"| [[La Rioja Province, Argentinae|La Rioja Province]] |align="left"| [[La Rioja, Argentinae|La Rioja]] |align="right"| | {{commas|331847}} || 21 || {{commas|89680}} || 14 || {{commas|3.7}} || 19 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Mendoza}} |align="left"| [[Mendoza Province]] |align="left"| [[Mendoza, Argentinae|Mendoza]] |align="right"| | {{commas|1741610}} || 5 || {{commas|148827}} || 7 || {{commas|11.7}} || 9 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Misiones}} |align="left"| [[Misiones Province]] |align="left"| [[Posadas, Misiones|Posadas]] |align="right"| | {{commas|1097829}} || 9 || {{commas|29801}} || 21 || {{commas|36.8}} || 4 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Neuquén}} |align="left"| [[Neuquén Province]] |align="left"| [[Neuquén]] |align="right"| | {{commas|550334}} || 16 || {{commas|94078}} || 13 || {{commas|5.8}} || 17 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Río Negro (Argentina)}} |align="left"| [[Río Negro Province]] |align="left"| [[Viedma]] |align="right"| | {{commas|633374}} || 15 || {{commas|203013}} || 4 || {{commas|3.1}} || 21 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Salta}} |align="left"| [[Salta Province]] |align="left"| [[Salta]] |align="right"| | {{commas|1215207}} || 8 || {{commas|155488}} || 6 || {{commas|7.8}} || 12 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|San Juan}} |align="left"| [[San Juan Province, Argentinae|San Juan Province]] |align="left"| [[San Juan, Argentinae|San Juan]] |align="right"| | {{commas|680427}} || 13 || {{commas|89651}} || 15 || {{commas|7.6}} || 13 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|San Luis}} |align="left"| [[San Luis Province]] |align="left"| [[San Luis, Argentinae|San Luis]] |align="right"| | {{commas|431588}} || 19 || {{commas|76748}} || 18 || {{commas|5.6}} || 18 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Santa Cruz}} |align="left"| [[Santa Cruz Province, Argentinae|Santa Cruz Province]] |align="left"| [[Río Gallegos]] |align="right"| | {{commas|272524}} || 23 || {{commas|243943}} || 2 || {{commas|1.1}} || 24 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Santa Fe}} |align="left"| [[Santa Fe Province]] |align="left"| [[Santa Fe, Argentinae|Santa Fe]] |align="right"| | {{commas|3200736}} || 3 || {{commas|133007}} || 10 || {{commas|24.1}} || 5 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Santiago del Estero}} |align="left"| [[Santiago del Estero Province]]{{spaces|2}} |align="left"| [[Santiago del Estero]] |align="right"| | {{commas|896461}} || 12 || {{commas|136351}} || 9 || {{commas|6.6}} || 15 |- bgcolor="#f5faff" |{{flagicon|Tierra del Fuego}} |align="left"| [[Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentinae|Tierra del Fuego Province]] |align="left"| [[Ushuaia]] |align="right"| | {{commas|126190}} || 24 || {{commas|21263}}{{smallsup|b}} || 23 || {{commas|5.8}}{{smallsup|b}} || 16 |- bgcolor="#d0e7ff" |{{flagicon|Tucumán}} |align="left"| [[Tucumán]] |align="left"| [[San Miguel de Tucumán]]{{spaces|2}} |align="right"| | {{commas|1448200}} || 6 || {{commas|22524}} || 22 || {{commas|64.3}} || 2 |} {{smaller|^a [[San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca]]. <br/>^b No includin claims tae the [[Falkland Islands]] an the [[Argentine Antarcticae]].}} == Freemit airtins == * [http://argentour.com/en/province/argentina_provinces.php Argentine provinces] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080224164946/http://www.argentour.com/en/province/argentina_provinces.php |date=2008-02-24 }} * {{es icon}} [http://www.argentinaworld.com.ar/ Information o Argentine provinces] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120518114722/http://www.argentinaworld.com.ar/ |date=2012-05-18 }} ==References== <div class="references-small"><references/> </div> {{Airticles on first-level admeenistrative diveesions o Sooth American kintras}} {{Provinces o Argentinae}} {{ArgentinaGovrenors}} <!--Categories--> [[Category:Provinces o Argentinae| ]] [[Category:Subdiveesions o Argentinae]] [[Category:Leets o kintra subdiveesions|Argentinae, Provinces]] [[Category:Kintra subdiveesions o the Americas|Argentina 1]] [[Category:First-level admeenistrative kintra subdiveesions|Provinces, Argentinae]] [[Category:Argentinae-relatit leets]] <!--Other languages--> 40pyw2za58rwgzjcammsb05yleun9wr 0 37991 922656 909588 2026-09-11T12:07:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox U.S. state | official_name = Illinois | image_flag = Flag of Illinois.svg | name = Illinois | image_seal = Seal of Illinois.svg | flag_link = Flag of Illinois | nickname = Land of Lincoln, Prairie State | motto = ''State Sovereignty, National Union'' |anthem = "[[Illinois (state sang)|Illinois]]"<br />[[File:Illinois MarchingIllini.mp3|center]] | image_map = Illinois in United States.svg | OfficialLang = Inglis<ref>{{cite web|title=(5 ILCS 460/20) (from Ch. 1, par. 2901‑20) State Designations Act|url=http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=132&ChapAct=5%26nbsp%3BILCS%26nbsp%3B460%2F&ChapterID=2&ChapterName=GENERAL+PROVISIONS&ActName=State+Designations+Act%2E|website=Illinois Compiled Statutes|publisher=Illinois General Assembly|location=Springfield, Illinois|date=September 4, 1991|accessdate=April 10, 2009|quote=Sec. 20. Official language. The official language of the State of Illinois is English.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305053414/http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=132&ChapAct=5%26nbsp%3BILCS%26nbsp%3B460%2F&ChapterID=2&ChapterName=GENERAL+PROVISIONS&ActName=State+Designations+Act%2E|archive-date=March 5, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> | Languages = Inglis (80.8%) <br />Spaingie (14.9%)<br />Ither (5.1%) | population_demonym = [[Leet o U.S. state residents names|Illinoisan]] | LargestCity = [[Chicago]] | seat = [[Springfield, Illinois|Springfield]] | LargestMetro = [[Chicago metropolitan aurie]] | area_rank = 25th | area_total_sq_mi = 57,915 | area_total_km2 = 149,997 | width_mi = 210 | width_km = 338 | length_mi = 390 | length_km = 628 | area_water_percent = 3.99 | Latitude = 36° 58′ N tae 42° 30′ N | Longitude = 87° 30′ W tae 91° 31′ W | population_rank = 6t | population_as_of = 2019 | 2010Pop = 12,671,821<ref name=PopHousingEst>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/IL,US/PST045219|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates |date=January 29, 2020|access-date=January 30, 2020|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> | MedianHouseholdIncome = $62,992 (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0|website=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|accessdate=December 9, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220091007/http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0|archive-date=December 20, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> | 2000DensityUS = 232 | 2000Density = 89.4 | population_density_rank = 12t | IncomeRank = 17t | elevation_max_point = [[Charles Mound]]<ref>{{cite ngs|id=NJ0855|designation=Charles|accessdate=October 20, 2011}}</ref><ref name=USGS>{{cite web|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=2001 |accessdate=October 21, 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102003514/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archivedate=November 2, 2011 }}</ref><ref name=NAVD88>Elevation adjuistit tae [[North American Vertical Datum of 1988]].</ref> | elevation_max_ft = 1235 | elevation_max_m = 376.4 | elevation_ft = 600 | elevation_m = 180 | elevation_min_point = Confluence o [[Mississippi River]] an [[Ohio River]]<ref name=USGS/><ref name=NAVD88/> | elevation_min_m = 85 | elevation_min_ft = 280 | Former = Illinois Territory | AdmittanceDate = December 3, 1818 | AdmittanceOrder = 21st | Governor = {{nowrap|[[J. B. Pritzker]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])}} | Lieutenant Governor = {{nowrap|[[Juliana Stratton]] (D)}} | Legislature = [[Illinois General Assemmly]] | Upperhouse = [[Illinois Senate|Senate]] | Lowerhouse = [[Illinois Hoose o Representatives|Hoose o Representatives]] | Judiciary = [[Supreme Coort o Illinois]] | Senators = {{nowrap|[[Dick Durbin]] (D)}}<br />{{nowrap|[[Tammy Duckworth]] (D)}} | Representative = 13 Democrats <br /> 5 Republicans | timezone1 = [[Central Time Zone (North Americae)|Central]] | utc_offset1 = −06:00 | timezone1_DST = [[Central Daylicht Time|CDT]] | utc_offset1_DST = −05:00 | iso_code = US-IL | postal_code = IL | TradAbbreviation = Ill. | website = https://www2.illinois.gov/ | BorderingStates = [[Indiana]], [[Iowa]], [[Kentucky]], [[Missouri]], [[Wisconsin]] | area_land_sq_mi = 55,593 | area_land_km2 = 143,969 | area_water_sq_mi = 2,320 | area_water_km2 = 5,981 }} '''Illinois''' is a [[U.S. state|state]] in the [[Midwastren United States|Midwastren region]] o the [[Unitit States]]. It is the [[Leet o U.S. states an territories bi population|6t-maist populous U.S. state]] an [[Leet o U.S. states an territories bi aurie|25t-lairgest state in terms o laund area]], an is eften notit as a [[Macrocosm an microcosm|microcosm]] o the entire Unitit States.<ref name="so">{{cite news|first=Stephen|last=Ohlemacher|title=Analysis ranks Illinois most average state|url=http://www.southernillinoisan.com/articles/2007/05/17/top/20300809.txt|agency=Associated Press|publisher=The Southern Illinoisan|location=Carbondale, Illinois|date=May 17, 2007|accessdate=April 10, 2009}}</ref> Wi [[Chicago]] in the northeast, smaw industrial ceities an great [[agricultural productivity]] in northren an central Illinois, an [[naitural resoorce]]s sic as coal, timmer, an petroleum in the sooth, Illinois haes a diverse economic base, an is a major [[transportation hub]]. The [[Port o Chicago]] connects the state tae ither global ports aroond the warld frae the [[Great Lakes]], via the [[Saunt Lawrence Seaway]], tae the [[Atlantic Ocean]]; as werl as the [[Great Lochs]] tae the [[Mississippi River]], via the [[Illinois Watterwey]] on the [[Illinois River]]. The Mississippi River, the [[Ohio River]], an the [[Wabash River]] form pairts o the boondaries o Illinois. For decades, Chicago's [[O'Hare Internaitional Airport]] haes been rankit as ane o the warld's busiest airports. Illinois haes lang haed a reputation as a [[bellwether]] baith in [[Will it play in Peoria?|social an cultural terms]]<ref name="so" /> an [[swing states|politics]]. The caipital o Illinois is [[Springfield, Illinois|Springfield]] in central Illinois. Awtho the day, the state's lairgest population centre is in an aroond Chicago in the northeastren pairt o the state, the state's European population grew first in the wast, wi French that settled alang the [[Mississippi River]], an gae the area the name [[Illinois Kintra|''Illinois'' Kintra]]. Efter the [[American Revolutionary War]] established the Unitit States, American settlers begoud arrivin frae [[Kentucky]] in the 1780s via the Ohio River, an the population grew frae sooth tae north. In 1818, Illinois achieved [[Leet o U.S. states bi date o admission tae the Union|stateheid]]. Efter construction o the [[Erie Canal]] increased traffeck an tred throu the Great Lochs, Chicago wis foondit in the 1830s on the banks o the [[Chicago River]], at ane o the few naitural herbours on soothren [[Loch Michigan]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080516035020/http://www.chipublib.org/digital/lake/CFDHarbor.html]</ref> [[John Deere (inventor)|John Deere]]'s invention o the sel-scourin [[pleuch|steel pleuch]] turned Illinois's rich [[prairie]] intae some o the warld's maist productive an vailuable fermland, attractin [[immigrant]] fermers frae [[German American|Germany]] an [[Swadish American|Swaden]]. The [[Illinois an Michigan Canal]] (1848) made transportation atween the Great Lochs an the Mississippi River valley faster an cheaper. New railweys cairied immigrants tae new hames, as weel as bein uised tae ship commodity craps tae Eastren mercats. The state becam a transportation hub for the naition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lib.niu.edu/1999/iht639920.html|title=The Historical Development of Transportation in Illinois|last=Ryburn-LaMonte|first=Terri|date=1999|website=Illinois Periodicals Online|access-date=|archive-date=2017-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010220837/http://www.lib.niu.edu/1999/iht639920.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bi 1900, the growthe o industrial jobs in the northren ceities an [[coal]] minin in the central an soothren areas attractit immigrants frae [[Eastren Europe|Eastren]] an Soothren Europe. Illinois wis an important manufacturin centre in baith warld wars. The [[Great Migration (African American)|Great Migration]] frae the Sooth established a [[History o African Americans in Chicago|lairge commonty]] o African Americans in the state, includin Chicago, that creatit the ceity's famous [[jazz]] an [[blues]] culturs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/665.html |title=Jazz |website=Encyclopedia of Chicago |accessdate=May 19, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/151.html|title=Blues|website=Encyclopedia of Chicago|accessdate=May 19, 2012|archive-date=2012-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517114028/http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/151.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Chicago, the centre o the [[Chicago Metropolitan Aurie]], becam a [[global ceety|global alpha-level city.]] Three [[Preses o the Unitit States|U.S. preses]] hae been electit while leevin in Illinois: [[Abraham Lincoln]], [[Ulysses S. Grant]], an [[Barack Obama]]. Addeetionally, [[Ronald Reagan]], that's poleetical career wis based in [[Californie]], wis born an raised in Illinois. The day, Illinois honours Lincoln wi its offeecial state slogan, ''Land of Lincoln'', that haes been displayed on its [[Vehicle registration plates o Illinois|nummer plates]] syne 1954.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/special/plate_history/start_history.html |title=The History of Illinois License Plates |publisher=Cyberdriveillinois.com |accessdate=February 15, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/symbols/slogan.html |title=Slogan |publisher=Museum.state.il.us |accessdate=February 7, 2011}}</ref> The state is the steid o the [[Abraham Lincoln Presidential Leebrar an Museum]], locatit in the state caipital o Springfield, an futur hame o the [[Barack Obama Presidential Centre]] in Chicago. == References == {{reflist|30em}} == Freemit airtins == ;State govrenment * [http://www.illinois.gov/ {{PAGENAME}} state govrenment wabsteid] == Relatit information == {{Coord|display=title|40|N|89|W|region:US-IL_type:adm1st_scale:3000000}} {{Navboxes |title= [[File:Nuvola apps kpdf2.png|25px]] Topics relatit tae {{PAGENAME}} |state=off |list1=</span> {{{{PAGENAME}}|expanded}} {{Unitit States poleetical diveesions}} {{Unitit States topics}} }} {{authority control}} [[Category:Illinois| ]] [[Category:States o the Unitit States]] [[Category:States an territories established in 1818]] {{Stub/USA}} tpdje60cf18lgbc1e99pw2js8f2qm3f 0 42349 922672 642057 2026-09-11T22:39:00Z Cobra 3000 28371 Pit in stub tag 922672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name =Tanahat |native_name =Թանահատ |settlement_type = [[Commonty (Armenie)|commonty]] |pushpin_map =Armenia |mapsize =150px |subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] |subdivision_name = {{flag|Armenie}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Admeenistrative diveesions o Armenie|Marz (Province)]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Syunik Province|Syunik]] |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_total_km2 = 11.56 |area_footnotes = <ref>{{ARMENIAarea|Syunik}}</ref> |population_as_of = 2010 |population_total =76 |population_density_km2 =auto |timezone =&nbsp; |utc_offset = +4 |timezone_DST =&nbsp; |utc_offset_DST = +5 |coordinates = {{coord|39|25|10|N|45|55|36|E|region:AM|display=inline}} |elevation_m = |area_code = |website = |footnotes ={{GEOnet2|32FA88661A723774E0440003BA962ED3}} }} '''Tanahat''' ({{lang-hy|Թանահատ}}, [[Romanise|Romanisit]] as '''T’anahat''' an aw; umwhile, '''Dzhomardlu''' an '''Jomardlu''') is a veelage an [[Commonty (Armenie)|rural commonty]] (municipality) in the [[Syunik Province]] o [[Armenie]]. The [[Naitional Statistical Service o the Republic o Armenie]] (ARMSTAT) reportit its population as 76 in 2010,<ref>{{ARMSTATdata|44}}</ref> up frae 42 at the 2001 census.<ref>{{ArmenianCensus|210}}</ref> == References == {{reflist}}{{Stub/Armenie}}{{Syunik}} [[Category:Commonties in Syunik Province]] [[Category:Populatit places in Syunik Province]] bd77vcjhupyax2ts37gv7v650jlgey0 0 66504 922674 774290 2026-09-12T00:14:40Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |name = San Pablo Huitzo |settlement_type =[[Municipalities o Mexico|Municipality]] an toun |other_name = |native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = [ www.facebook.com/sanpablohuitzo ] |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline =Iglesia de San Pablo Huitzo Oaxaca.jpg |imagesize =250px |image_caption =The kirk o San Pablo in San Pablo Huitzo |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = 200px |map_caption = Location o the municipality in Oaxaca |pushpin_map = Mexico<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position = above |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Mexico <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Admeenistrative diveesions o Mexico|State]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Oaxaca]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = Settled |established_date = 1522 <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 =63.8 |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of =2005 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total =5,242 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central Staundart Time]] |utc_offset = -6 |timezone_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central Daylicht Time]] |utc_offset_DST = -5 |coordinates = {{coord|17|16|35|N|96|52|57|W|region:MX|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = 1,700 |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code =68220 |area_code =951 |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = www.facebook.com/sanpablohuitzo |footnotes = }} '''San Pablo Huitzo''' (commonly referred tae as '''Huitzo''') is a toun an [[Municipalities o Oaxaca|municipality]] in [[Oaxaca]] in sooth-wastren [[Mexico]]. The municipality covers a aurie o 63.80&nbsp;km². It is pairt o the [[Etla Destrict]] in the [[Valles Centrales de Oaxaca|Valles Centrales region]]. As o 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 5,242.<ref name =Huitzo>{{cite web|title=San Pablo Huitzo|url=http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/oaxaca/municipios/20294a.htm|work=Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México|publisher=[[Instituto Nacional para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal]]|accessdate=June 12, 2009}}{{es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://huitzo.webcindario.com/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-01-16 |archive-date=2017-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305001934/http://huitzo.webcindario.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==History== The aurie comprisin Huitzo wis inhabitit as early as 1200 [[BCE]]. Bi 1400 AD a [[Zapotec fowks|Zapotec]] veelage existit that wis kent bi the name o ''Huijazoo'', a wird that means ''Warrior Watchtouer'' in the [[Zapotec leid]].<ref name=Huitzo/> In 1522 Spaingie troops arrivit an foondit the current ceety, giein it the name ''Gueixolotitlan''. Housomeivver, bi 1700 the name ''Huitzo'' haed been adoptit bi the populace. When the first [[Roman Catholic]] monks arrivit tae [[evangelize]] the local population, they selectit [[Saunt Paul]] ''(San Pablo, in Spaingie)'' as the [[patron saunt]] o the veelage an erectit a kirk bi the same name. The kirk is notable for a lairge nummer o 16t-century an ither colonial-era ''santos'', statues o the saunts.<ref>[http://www.aug.edu/augusta/santos/huitzo/index.html Santos in Oaxaca's Ancient Churches: San Pablo Huitzo] Retrieved 2012-04-13</ref> It wis throu the influence o the Catholic Kirk that the toun arrivit at its present name San Pablo Huitzo.<ref name=Huitzo/> ==Modren day== [[File:Tomb in San Pablo Huitzo, Oaxaca.jpg|left|thumb|Post-clessic era tomb in Huitzo]] The day Huitzo is a fermin commonty notit for growin vegetables an flouers, wi amaist hauf o its population employed bi ferms or ither agricultur-relatit venturs.<ref name=Huitzo/> Airchaeological steids in the aurie consist o several tombs, waws, an similar Zapotec structurs. Maist o the steids are owergrown wi vegetation, housomeivver they dae attract some tourists an [[airchaeologists]].<ref name=guide>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=fJ8AAqwPTRoC&lpg=PA205&dq=%22Huitzo%22&pg=PA205#v=onepage&q=%22Huitzo%22&f=false|title=An archaeological guide to central and southern Mexico|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|author=Kelly, Joyce; Kelly, Jerry|accessdate=2010-11-11|isbn=0-8061-3349-X|year=2001}}</ref> {{-}} ==References== {{reflist}} * [http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/oaxaca/municipios/20294a.htm Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México] {{es}} Www.Facebook.Com/sanpablohuitzo ==Freemit airtins== * [http://www.aug.edu/augusta/santos/index.html Santos in Oaxaca's Auncient Kirks] {{Commons category|San Pablo Huitzo, Oaxaca}} {{coord|17|15|N|96|52|W|display=title|region:MX_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}} {{Etla Destrict}} [[Category:Municipalities o Oaxaca]] [[Category:Populatit places in Oaxaca]] [[Category:Zapotec steids]] [[Category:Populatit places established in 1522]] 50qpjzimur1uqzzdrmvyajhwuqp95vn 0 70637 922675 896290 2026-09-12T05:00:19Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Ukrainian raion | name=Tysmenytsia Raion | Ukrainian_name=Тисменицький район | flag= | coa=Tysmenic_coa.png | location_map=Tysmenetskyi-Raion.png | country=[[Ukraine]] | region=[[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] | date_created=8 Dizember 1966 | disestablished=2020 | population=85,400 | area=736 | density=''N/A'' | phone_code=380 | postal_index= 774-XX | administrative_center=[[Tysmenytsia]] | cities=1 | urban-type_settlements=2 | communes=41 | website=http://tsm.if.gov.ua/ | governor=Volodymyr Semeniv }} '''Tysmenytsia Raion''' ({{lang-uk|Тисменицький район}}) is a [[raion|admeenistrative raion]] ([[raion|destrict]]) o the [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] ([[oblast|province]]) in western [[Ukraine]]. It wis creatit on 8 Dizember 1966 as Ivano-Frankivsk Raion. Since 28 Mairch 1982 the name o raion is Tysmenytsia when the admeenistrative centre o it became the ceety o [[Tysmenytsia]]. ==Geografie== The raion is locatit near the eastren border o the [[Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]]. Tae the north it borders [[Halych Raion]], tae the wast - [[Kalush Raion|Kalush]] an [[Bohorodchany Raion|Bohorodchany raions]], tae the sooth - [[Kolomyia Raion|Kolomyia]] an [[Nadvirna Raion|Nadvirna raions]], an tae the east - [[Tlumach Raion]] wi smaw portion o an oblast demarcation line wi [[Ternopil Oblast]]. The raion completely surroonds the [[Ivano-Frankivsk]] Municipality wi numerous veelages borderin wi it an are pairt o the ceety's infrastructur: Uhryniv, Yamnytsia, Drahomyrchany, Zahvizdya, an ithers. The admeenistrative centre o the raion, Tysmenytsia, is anerly {{convert|11|km|mi}} awa frae Ivano-Frankivsk. The auldest dounsets in the raion are Cherniiv (1404), Stari Kryvotuly (1436), Uhryniv (1440), others. ==Govrenment== * Executive: Heid o Raion State Admeenistration - Volodymyr Semeniv * Legislative: Raion Cooncil (85 seats): Chairman - Mykola Nahornyi ([[Fowk's Muivement o Ukraine|Rukh]]) ** Tysmenytsya Ceety municipality ** Yezupil Toun municipality ** Lysets Toun municipality ** 41 landwart municipalities (communes) encompassin 48 veelages ==Eddication== Thare are 43 general eddication schuils in the raion wi best anes locatit in Tysmenytsia, Yezupil, Lysets, Markivtsi, Radcha, Stari Kryvotuly, Chorny Lis, an Uhryniv. ==Admeenistrative diveesion== Tysmenytsia Raion is dividit intae several municipalities (cooncils) some which are urban, ithers are landwart. Thare are twa teeps o urban municipalities: ceety an dounset (tounship). Landwart municipalities (communes) mey consists o a single veelage or combined intae several veelages, housomeivver maist o the landwart municipalities consist o a single veelage. An aw the ceety o Tysmentsia carries a special status o independent admeenistration athin the [[raion]]. ;Urban (ceety, tounship) *[[Yezupil]] *Lysets *[[Tysmenytsia]] ;Landwart (communes) {{div col|colwidth=12em}} *Berezivka *Bratkivtsi *Vilshanytsia *Cherniiv *Chornoliztsi *Chukalivka *Dobrovlyany *Dovhe *Drahomyrchany *Hannusivka *Khomiakivka *Klubivtsi *Kluziv *Kozyna *Kolodiivka *[[Lypivka]] (Nova Lypivka, Studynets) *Maidan (Nova Huta) *Markivtsi (Odayi) *Myluvannia *Novi Kryvotuly (Ternovytsia) *Pavlivka *Pidluzhia *Pidlissia *Pidpechery *Poberezhia *Posich *Pshenychnyky (Pohonya) *Radcha *Rybne *Roshniv *Silets *Slobidka *Staryi Kryvotuly (Krasylivka) *Staryi Lysets *Stebnyk *Stryhantsi *Tiaziv *Uhryniv *Uzyn *Yamnytsia *Zahvizdia {{div col end}} ;Ten maist populous * Tysmenytsia 9,720 * Cherniiv 3,972 * Stary Lysets 3,795 * Zahvizdya 3,684 * Yamnytsia 3,358 * Uhryniv 3,227 * Stari Kryvotuly 3,112 * Chornoliztsi 3,097 * Radcha 3,062 * Yezupil 3,026 Maist o the populous municipalities are locatit next tae the [[Ivano-Frankivsk]] ceety virtually servin as the extraterritorial units o it (suburbs). The smawest municipality o the raion is the Posich municipality which in 2001 accoontit tae anerly 84 residents. Note that as a dounset Posich is no the smawest. ==Freemit airtins== <div class="references-small"> *{{uk icon}} [http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/pls/z7502/A008?rdat1=02.02.2006&rf7571=14246 Verkhovna Rada website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001043619/http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/pls/z7502/A008?rdat1=02.02.2006&rf7571=14246 |date=2007-10-01 }} - Administrative divisions on the Tysmenytsia raion *[http://worsten.org/galicio/tysmienica/weod_tysmienica.htm County of Tysmenytsia] ([http://worsten.org/galicio/indeksoj_gal/en_gal.htm English version] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060815235124/http://worsten.org/galicio/indeksoj_gal/en_gal.htm |date=2006-08-15 }}) </div> {{Geographic Location (8-way) | Northwest = [[Kalush Raion]] | North = [[Halych Raion]] | Northeast = ([[Ternopil Oblast]]) | West = [[Kalush Raion]] / [[Bohorodchany Raion]] | Centre = Tysmenytsia | East = [[Tlumach Raion]] | Southwest = [[Bohorodchany Raion]] / [[Nadvirna Raion]] | South = [[Nadvirna Raion]] / [[Kolomyia Raion]] | Southeast = [[Kolomyia Raion]]}} {{Tysmenytsia Raion}} {{Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast}} {{coord missing|Ukraine}} [[Category:Raions o Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast]] 51p2tzlu6gansup5cxs53uies04qwzi 0 75345 922662 788010 2026-09-11T18:02:05Z Prakash Dagla 137068 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:1|1|1 */ 922662 wikitext text/x-wiki Covalent bonds are chemical bonds atween twa non-metal atoms. Aen exemple is watter, whaur hydrogen (H) an [[oxygen]] (O) bond thegither tae mak (H2O). Sin they are baith non-metals—that need tae gain electrons—they hae tae share, sicweys thair ooter shells cross over in order tae hae a full ooter shell. A full ooter shell haes aicht electrons. The electrons in this ooter shell are cawed valence electrons. The nummer o valence electrons is decidit by the bouch o the atom. Electrons orbit an atomic nucleus in the same kind o airt that planets orbit starns. Thare are layers o paths aroond an atomic nucleus. The first layer always contains anely twa electrons, while the layers ahint for ordinar conteen up tae aicht. For exemple, gin an atom contained aicht tot electrons, the first twa wad orbit verra close tae the nucleus, the neist 6 wad orbit a wee faurer awa. Ilka atom faut a "full" ooter shell. That is tae say, it faut the nummer o electrons in the ootmaist layer tae be as heich as they cannin be. Sin maist atoms' ooter shells cannin support up tae aicht electrons, this is the nummer o electrons maist atoms faut in thair ooter shell. In this exemple, the atom had aicht total electrons, an sax in the ooter shell. Acause thare are fewer as aicht electrons in the ooter shell, the atom will faut tae "fill" the pairts for twa electrons wi electrons borraed frae anither atom. Whan an atom "borraes" electrons wi anither atom, a covalent bond is creatit. Wi watter the oxygen atom shares one electron wi ilk hydrogen atom an the hydrogens an aw share one: this means that the hydrogen atoms hae twa ilk an the oxygen atom haes aicht. Types o Covalent bond Covalent bonds cannin be spelt intae twa groups. Semple an "Giant". Awtho they are baith alike, thare are some raither muckle distinguishing factors. For exemple, "Giant" Covalent bonds hae relatively heich melting an boiling points, whaurby Semple Covalent bonds hae a relatively laich melting an boiling point. This is acause o the inter-molecular forces o attraction. Wi "Giant" Covalent bonds, the bonds atween layers are verra strang, Diamond is ane exemple o "Giant" Covalent bond o carbon. Houaniver, wi a semple Covalent bond, the bonds atween the atoms hae a strang inter-molecular bond, but thare are no bonds atween the molecules, which is why it haes a relatively low melting an boiling point. Covalent bonds are less strang as ionic bonds, an hae a lower melting point. They are an aw kent tae be poor conductors o electricity an heat (except silicates an carbides). {{DEFAULTSORT:Covalent Bond}} [[Category:Chemical bondin]] ku5wtmgd8eydbfv3xup8bbczekzwb7t 0 80165 922661 882971 2026-09-11T17:59:22Z Prakash Dagla 137068 Vande Bharat News 922661 wikitext text/x-wiki [Vande Bharat News ] Digital Midia Press ID Name: Prakash Dagla ID : VBNL/2026/3430 Work Area: Bagoda State: Rajasthan Mobile No.: 9265020701 Expiry date: 27/07/2028 590uamg6nrk22nr96w37rz62ikifwrj 922664 922661 2026-09-11T18:22:12Z CiphriusKane 74958 Revertit edit o Prakash Dagla, chynged back tae last version bi CiphriusKane 856892 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Qr-sco-m-wikipedia.svg|thumb|QR code for the [[URL]] o the Wikipaedia Mobile main page, "''<nowiki>http://sco.m.wikipedia.org</nowiki>''"]] '''QR code''' (abbreviatit frae '''Quick [[Response]] code''') is the tredmerk for a teep o [[matrix barcode]] (or twa-dimensional [[baurcode]]) first designed for the [[automotive industry in Japan]]. [[Category:Barcodes]] [[Category:Encodins]] [[Category:Automatic identification an data captur]] [[Category:1994 introductions]] 7se6y7l2adg5f8f0pr1o2a1a2y49gw0 0 81718 922676 706637 2026-09-12T06:03:08Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922676 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name = Vicálvaro |settlement_type = [[Destricts o Madrid|Destrict o Madrid]] |image_map= Maps - ES - Madrid - Vicalvaro.PNG |area_total_km2=32.71 |population=66,439 |population_density_km2=2,032 |postal_code=28032 | subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] | subdivision_name = {{flagicon|Spain}} [[Spain]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous commonties o Spain|Aut. commonty]] | subdivision_name1 = [[File:Flag of the Community of Madrid.svg|20px|border]] [[Commonty o Madrid|Madrid]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Municipalities o Spain|Municipality]] | subdivision_name2 = [[File:Escudo de Madrid.svg|15px]] [[Madrid]] | leader_title =Concejal | leader_name = Carmen Torralba González | blank_name_sec1 = Madrid district number | blank_info_sec1 = 19 | blank_name_sec2 = Address of council | blank_info_sec2 = Plaza Don Antonio de Andrés |website=[http://www.munimadrid.es/portal/site/munimadrid/menuitem.96fc47cd3d16a0aa7d245f019fc08a0c/?vgnextoid=f4c1ca5d5fb96010VgnVCM100000dc0ca8c0RCRD Munimadrid Vicálvaro] }} '''Vicálvaro''' is a umwhile [[municipalities o Spain|veelage]] in its awn richt o the province o Madrid. Nouadays is a [[Destricts o Madrid|destrict]] in the sootheast o [[Madrid]], [[Spain]]. ==History== When Spain's [[Ceevil Gaird (Spain)|Ceevil Gaird]] ({{lang-es|Guardia Civil}}) wis established in 1844, the first heidquairters o its cavalry wis in Vicálvaro. [[Francisco Franco|Franco]] convertit it intae an artillery barracks for the Brunete Airmored Diveesion, Regiment No. 11. The biggin is nou pairt o the [[Rey Juan Carlos Varsity]]. Vicálvaro wis the steid o [[Leopoldo O'Donnell]]'s 1854 coup kent as [[La Vicalvarada]],<ref>[http://www.vicusalbus.org/historia.htm Introducción a la Historia de Vicálvaro] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404201851/http://vicusalbus.org/historia.htm |date=2016-04-04 }}, vicusalbus.org. Retrieved 2010-02-26.</ref> which began Spain's ''[[Bienio progresista]]''. In 2011, a [[Visigothic]] [[necropolis]] wis uncovered in Vicálvaro.<ref name=tombs>{{cite news | url = http://www.elpais.com/articulo/madrid/Hallada/Vicalvaro/necropolis/visigoda/900/enterramientos/elpepiespmad/20110707elpmad_14/Tes | title = Hallada en Vicálvaro una necrópolis visigoda con 900 enterramientos | trans-title = Visigoth necropolis with 900 tombs found in Vicálvaro | last = Fraguas | first = Rafael |date = 7 July 2011 | work = [[El País]] | accessdate = 18 July 2011}}</ref> ==Geografie== ===Poseetion=== It is bordered on the wast bi the destrict o [[Moratalaz]] (athort the [[Autopista de Circunvalación M-40]]), on the north bi [[San Blas (Madrid)|San Blas]] (athort the M-40, the Avenida de Canillejas a Vicálvaro, the [[Autopista Radial 3]] an the Vicálvaro-Coslada Heich-gate), on the sooth bi the [[Puente de Vallecas]] an the [[Villa de Vallecas]] (athort [[Autovía A-3]]) an on the east bi the municipalities o [[Coslada]], [[San Fernando de Henares]] an [[Rivas-Vaciamadrid]]. ===Subdiveesion=== The destrict is admeenistratively dividit intae twa wairds (''[[Barrio]]s''): *[[Ambroz (Madrid)|Ambroz]] *[[Casco Histórico de Vicálvaro]] (''historic Vicálvaro'') ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==References== ==Freemit airtins== {{commonscat-inline}} {{Destricts o Madrid}} {{coord|40.4042|N|3.60806|W|source:kolossus-cawiki|display=title}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vicalvaro}} [[Category:Destricts o Madrid]] jnohc6fjau4i2urdhq542l05jbgc2i6 0 133584 922659 920808 2026-09-11T15:36:05Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922659 wikitext text/x-wiki Thiss leet incloodes aw fowk wha hae been [[Preses o the Unitit States]]. ==Leet o preses== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! colspan=9 | {{Legend2|#FFFFFF|[[Independent politeecian|Unaffiliated]]&nbsp;(2)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Federalist Pairty/meta/color}}|[[Federalist Pairty|Federalist]]&nbsp;(1)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Democratic-Republican Pairty/meta/color}}|[[Democratic-Republican Pairty|Democratic-Republican]]&nbsp;(4)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}|[[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]]&nbsp;(15)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Whig Party (Unitit States)/meta/color}}|[[Whig Pairty (Unitit States)|Whig]]&nbsp;(4)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}|[[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]]&nbsp;(19)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{nb5}}{{Legend2|{{National Union Party (Unitit States)/meta/color}}|[[Naitional Union Pairty (Unitit States)|Naitional Union]]&nbsp;(2)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} |- ! colspan=2 | Presidency{{Efn|name="No"}} ! colspan=2 | Preses ! Prior office{{Efn|name="office"}} ! colspan=2 | Pairty{{Efn|name="2Party"}} ! Term{{Efn|name="term"}} ! style="width:18%;" | Vice Preses |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o George Washington|1]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 30, 1789</span><br/>{{Efn|name="Washington-term"}}<br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1797</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Gilbert Stuart Williamstown Portrait of George Washington.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 style="width:19%;" | '''<big>[[George Washington]]</big>'''<br/>1732&ndash;1799<br/><small>(Lived: 67 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/georgewashington |title=George Washington |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/george-washington |title=George Washington |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?121783-1/life-portrait-george-washington |title=Life Portrait of George Washington |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=[[American Presidents: Life Portraits]] |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Continental Airmy|Commander-in-Chief<br/>o the<br/>Continental Airmy]]<br/><small>([[George Washington in the American Revolution|1775&ndash;1783]]) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{/meta/color}}" |&nbsp; | rowspan=2 | ''Unaffiliatit''<br/><ref name=GWpps>{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/dec/31/george-washingtons-views-political-parties-america/|title=George Washington's views on political parties in America|last=Jamison|first=Dennis|date=December 31, 2014|publisher=''[[The Washington Times]]''|accessdate=July 1, 2016}}</ref> | class=nowrap | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1788–89|1788&ndash;89]])</small><br/>1<br/><small>([[First inauguration o George Washington|1789]]) | rowspan=2 | [[John Adams]]<br/>{{Efn|name="Adams-party"}}{{efn|name="Adams-term"}} |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1792|1792]])</small><br/>2<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o George Washington|1793]]) |- | [[Presidency o John Adams|2]] | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1797</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1801</span> |[[File:Official Presidential portrait of John Adams (by John Trumbull, circa 1792).jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[John Adams]]</big>'''<br/>1735&ndash;1826<br/><small>(Lived: 90 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/johnadams |title=John Adams |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-adams |title=John Adams |website=[[History (U.S. TV channel)|History]]|date=<!--Not stated--> |author=<!--Not stated--> |accessdate= 21 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?121951-1/life-portrait-john-adams |title=Life Portrait of John Adams |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|1st<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | style="background-color:{{Federalist Pairty/meta/color}}" | | [[Federalist Pairty|Federalist]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1796|1796]])</small><br/>3<br/><small>([[Inauguration o John Adams|1797]]) | [[Thomas Jefferson]]<br/>{{Efn|name="Jefferson-party"}} |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Thomas Jefferson|3]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1801</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1809</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Thomas Jefferson by Rembrandt Peale, 1800.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Thomas Jefferson]]</big>'''<br/>1743&ndash;1826<br/><small>(Lived: 83 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/thomasjefferson |title=Thomas Jefferson |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/thomas-jefferson |title=Thomas Jefferson |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?121787-1/life-portrait-thomas-jefferson |title=Life Portrait of Thomas Jefferson |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|2nt<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic-Republican Pairty/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic-Republican Pairty|Democratic-<br/>Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1800|1800]])</small><br/>4<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Thomas Jefferson|1801]]) | [[Aaron Burr]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1801</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1805</span> |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1804|1804]])</small><br/>5<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Thomas Jefferson|1805]]) | [[George Clinton (vice president)|George Clinton]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1805</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1809</span> |- | rowspan=4 | [[Presidency o James Madison|4]] | rowspan=4 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1809</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1817</span> | rowspan=4 | [[File:James Madison.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=4 | '''<big>[[James Madison]]</big>'''<br/>1751&ndash;1836<br/><small>(Lived: 85 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/jamesmadison |title=James Madison |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/james-madison |title=James Madison |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?122316-1/life-portrait-james-madison |title=Life Portrait of James Madison |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=4 | [[Unitit States Secretar o State|5t<br/>Unitit States Secretar o State]]<br/><small>(1801&ndash;1809) | rowspan=4 style="background-color:{{Democratic-Republican Pairty/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=4 | [[Democratic-Republican Pairty|Democratic-<br/>Republican]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1808|1808]])</small><br/>6<br/><small>([[First inauguration o James Madison|1809]]) | [[George Clinton (vice president)|George Clinton]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1809</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 20, 1812</span><br/>''(Died in office)'' |- | {{CNone|''Office vacant<br/><small>(Balance of Clinton's term)''}} |- | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1812|1812]])</small><br/>7<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o James Madison|1813]]) | [[Elbridge Gerry]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1813</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">November 23, 1814</span><br/>''(Died in office)'' |- | {{CNone|''Office vacant<br/><small>(Balance of Gerry's term)''}} |- | rowspan=2 | 5 | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1817</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1825</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:James Monroe White House portrait 1819.gif|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[James Monroe]]</big>'''<br/>1758&ndash;1831<br/><small>(Lived: 73 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/jamesmonroe |title=James Monroe |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/james-monroe |title=James Monroe |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?122387-1/life-portrait-james-monroe |title=Life Portrait of James Monroe |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Unitit States Secretar o State|7t<br/>Unitit States Secretar o State]]<br/><small>(1811&ndash;1817) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic-Republican Pairty/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic-Republican Pairty|Democratic-<br/>Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1816|1816]])</small><br/>8<br/><small>([[First inauguration o James Monroe|1817]]) | rowspan=2 | [[Daniel D. Tompkins]] |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1820|1820]])</small><br/>9<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o James Monroe|1821]]) |- | 6 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1825</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1829</span> | [[File:JQA Photo.tif|165px]] | '''<big>[[John Quincy Adams]]</big>'''<br/>1767&ndash;1848<br/><small>(Lived: 80 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/johnquincyadams|title=John Quincy Adams |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-quincy-adams |title=John Quincy Adams |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?122555-1/life-portrait-john-quincy-adams |title=Life Portrait of John Quincy Adams |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Unitit States Secretar o State|8t<br/>Unitit States Secretar o State]]<br/><small>(1817&ndash;1825) | style="background-color:{{Democratic-Republican Pairty/meta/color}}" | | [[Democratic-Republican Pairty|Democratic-<br/>Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1824|1824]])</small><br/>10<br/><small>([[Inauguration o John Quincy Adams|1825]]) | [[John C. Calhoun]] |- | rowspan=3 | [[Presidency o Andrew Jackson|7]] | rowspan=3 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1829</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1837</span> | rowspan=3 | [[File:Andrew Jackson Daguerrotype-crop.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=3 | '''<big>[[Andrew Jackson]]</big>'''<br/>1767&ndash;1845<br/><small>(Lived: 78 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/andrewjackson|title=Andrew Jackson |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/andrew-jackson |title=Andrew Jackson |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?122792-1/life-portrait-andrew-jackson |title=Life Portrait of Andrew Jackson |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=3 | [[Unitit States Senate|U.S. Senator]] <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">([[Classes of Unitit States Senators|Cless 2]])</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space:nowrap;">frae [[Tennessee]]</span><br/><small>(1823&ndash;1825) | rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=3 | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1828|1828]])</small><br/>11<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Andrew Jackson|1829]]) | [[John C. Calhoun]]<br/>{{Efn|name="Calhoun-party"}}<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1829</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">December 28, 1832</span><br/>''(Resigned from office)'' |- | {{CNone|''Office vacant<br/><small>(Balance of Calhoun's term)''}} |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1832|1832]])</small><br/>12<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Andrew Jackson|1833]]) | [[Martin Van Buren]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1833</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1837</span> |- | 8 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1837</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1841</span> | [[File:Martin Van Buren edit.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Martin Van Buren]]</big>'''<br/>1782&ndash;1862<br/><small>(Lived: 79 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/martinvanburen |title=Martin Van Buren |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2017-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019201413/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/martinvanburen |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/martin-van-buren |title=Martin Van Buren |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?122988-1/life-portrait-martin-van-buren |title=Life Portrait of Martin Van Buren |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|8t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1836|1836]])</small><br/>13<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Martin Van Buren|1837]]) | [[Richard Mentor Johnson]] |- | 9 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1841</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 4, 1841</span><br/><small>''(Died in office)'' | [[File:William Henry Harrison daguerreotype edit.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[William Henry Harrison]]</big>'''<br/>1773&ndash;1841<br/><small>(Lived: 68 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/williamhenryharrison |title=William Henry Harrison |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2017-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122042510/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/williamhenryharrison |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/william-henry-harrison |title=William Henry Harrison |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?123123-1/life-portrait-william-henry-harrison |title=Life Portrait of William Henry Harrison |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Unitit States Ambassador tae Colombie|Unitit States Meenister tae Colombie]]<br/><small>(1828&ndash;1829) | style="background-color:{{Whig Party (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Whig Party (Unitit States)|Whig]] | rowspan=3 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1840|1840]])</small><br/>14<br/><small>([[Inauguration o William Henry Harrison|1841]])<br/>([[Inauguration o John Tyler|1841]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="intraterm"}} | [[John Tyler]]<br/><small>''(Succeedit tae presidency)'' |- | rowspan=2 | 10 | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 4, 1841<br/>{{Efn|name="Tyler-oath"}}</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1845</span> | rowspan=2 |[[File:Tyler Daguerreotype crop (restoration).jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 |'''<big>[[John Tyler]]</big>'''<br/>1790&ndash;1862<br/><small>(Lived: 71 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/johntyler|title=John Tyler |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-tyler |title=John Tyler |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?123380-1/life-portrait-john-tyler |title=Life Portrait of John Tyler |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|10t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | style="background-color:{{Whig Party (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Whig Party (Unitit States)|Whig]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 4, 1841</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">September 13, 1841</span> | rowspan=2 {{CNone|''Office vacant''}} |- | style="background-color:{{/meta/color}}" | | ''Unaffiliated''<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">September 13, 1841</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1845</span></small><br/>{{Efn|name="Tyler-party"}} |- | 11 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1845</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1849</span> | [[File:JKP.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[James K. Polk]]</big>'''<br/>1795&ndash;1849<br/><small>(Lived: 53 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/jamespolk |title=James K. Polk |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2017-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122042541/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/jamespolk |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/james-polk |title=James K. Polk |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?123943-1/life-portrait-james-k-polk |title=Life Portrait of James K. Polk |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Govrenor o Tennessee|9t<br/>Govrenor o Tennessee]]<br/><small>(1839&ndash;1841) | style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1844|1844]])</small><br/>15<br/><small>([[Inauguration o James K. Polk|1845]]) | [[George M. Dallas]] |- | 12 |<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1849</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Julie 9, 1850</span><br/><small>''(Died in office)'' | [[File:Zachary Taylor restored and cropped.png|165px]] | '''<big>[[Zachary Taylor]]</big>'''<br/>1784&ndash;1850<br/><small>(Lived: 65 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/zacharytaylor |title=Zachary Taylor |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/zachary-taylor |title=Zachary Taylor |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?123944-1/life-portrait-zachary-taylor |title=Life Portrait of Zachary Taylor |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Major general (Unitit States)|Major General]] o the [[1st Infantry Regiment (Unitit States)|1st Infantry Regiment]]<br/>[[Unitit States Airmy]] <br/><small>(1846&ndash;1849)<br/>''(No prior elected office)'' | style="background-color:{{Whig Party (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Whig Party (Unitit States)|Whig]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1848|1848]])</small><br/>16<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Zachary Taylor|1849]])<br/>([[Inauguration o Millard Fillmore|1850]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="intraterm"}} | [[Millard Fillmore]]<br/><small>''(Succeedit tae presidency)'' |- | 13 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Julie 9, 1850<br/>{{Efn|name="Fillmore-oath"}}</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1853 | [[File:Millard Fillmore by Brady Studio 1855-65-crop.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Millard Fillmore]]</big>'''<br/>1800&ndash;1874<br/><small>(Lived: 74 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/millardfillmore|title=Millard Fillmore |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/millard-fillmore |title=Millard Fillmore |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?124976-1/life-portrait-millard-fillmore |title=Life Portrait of Millard Fillmore |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|12t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | style="background-color:{{Whig Party (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Whig Party (Unitit States)|Whig]] | {{CNone|''Office vacant''}} |- | rowspan=2 | 14 | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1853</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1857</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Franklin Pierce - 1.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Franklin Pierce]]</big>'''<br/>1804&ndash;1869<br/><small>(Lived: 64 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/franklinpierce |title=Franklin Pierce |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/franklin-pierce |title=Franklin Pierce |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?125004-1/life-portrait-franklin-pierce |title=Life Portrait of Franklin Pierce |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Brigadier general (Unitit States)|Brigadier General]] o the [[9t Infantry Regiment (Unitit States)|9t Infantry]]<br/>[[Unitit States Airmy]]<br/><small>(1847&ndash;1848) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1852|1852]])</small><br/>17<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Franklin Pierce|1853]]) | [[William R. King]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 18, 1853</span><br/>''(Died in office)'' |- | {{CNone|''Office vacant<br/><small>(Balance of King's term)''}} |- | 15 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1857</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1861</span> | [[File:James Buchanan.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[James Buchanan]]</big>'''<br/>1791&ndash;1868<br/><small>(Lived: 77 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/jamesbuchanan |title=James Buchanan |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/james-buchanan |title=James Buchanan |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?125214-1/life-portrait-james-buchanan |title=Life Portrait of James Buchanan |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Unitit States Ambassador to the United Kingdom|Unitit States Meenister]] to the<br/>[[Court of St James's]]<br/><small>(1853&ndash;1856) | style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1856|1856]])</small><br/>18<br/><small>([[Inauguration o James Buchanan|1857]]) | [[John C. Breckinridge]] |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Abraham Lincoln|16]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1861</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 15, 1865</span><br/><small>''([[Assassination o Abraham Lincoln|Died in office]])'' | rowspan=2 | [[File:Abraham_Lincoln_O-116_by_Gardner,_1865-crop.png|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Abraham Lincoln]]</big>'''<br/>1809&ndash;1865<br/><small>(Lived: 56 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/abrahamlincoln |title=Abraham Lincoln |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2017-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121014605/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/abrahamlincoln |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln |title=Abraham Lincoln |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?125640-1/life-portrait-abraham-lincoln |title=Life Portrait of Abraham Lincoln |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Unitit States Hoose o Representatives|U.S. Representative]] for [[Illinois's 7t congressional destrict|Illinois' 7t Destrict]]<br/><small>(1847&ndash;1849) | style="background:#f33;"| | rowspan=2 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]]<br/><small>([[National Union Party (Unitit States)|National Union]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="union"}} | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1860|1860]])</small><br/>19<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Abraham Lincoln|1861]]) | [[Hannibal Hamlin]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1861</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1865</span> |- | style="background-color:{{National Union Party (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=3 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1864|1864]])</small><br/>20<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Abraham Lincoln|1865]])<br/>([[Inauguration o Andrew Johnson|1865]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="intraterm"}} | [[Andrew Johnson]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 15, 1865</span><br/>''(Succeedit tae presidency)'' |- | rowspan=2 | 17 | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 15, 1865</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1869</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Andrew Johnson photo portrait head and shoulders, c1870-1880-Edit1.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Andrew Johnson]]</big>'''<br/>1808&ndash;1875<br/><small>(Lived: 66 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/andrewjohnson |title=Andrew Johnson |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/andrew-johnson |title=Andrew Johnson |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?150104-1/life-portrait-andrew-johnson |title=Life Portrait of Andrew Johnson |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|16t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | style="background-color:{{National Union Party (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[National Union Party (Unitit States)|National Union]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 15, 1865</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">{{circa|lk=no|1868}}</span></small> | rowspan=2 {{CNone|''Office vacant''}} |- | style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">{{circa|lk=no|1868}}</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1869</span></small><br/>{{Efn|name="Johnson-party"}} |- | rowspan=3 | [[Presidency o Ulysses S. Grant|18]] | rowspan=3 |<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1869</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1877</span> | rowspan=3 | [[File:Ulysses S. Grant 1870-1880.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=3 | '''<big>[[Ulysses S. Grant]]</big>'''<br/>1822&ndash;1885<br/><small>(Lived: 63 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/ulyssessgrant |title=Ulysses S. Grant |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/ulysses-s-grant |title=Ulysses S. Grant |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?150209-1/life-portrait-ulysses-s-grant |title=Life Portrait of Ulysses S. Grant |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=3 | [[Commanding General o the Unitit States Airmy|Commanding General <span style="white-space:nowrap;">o the U.S. Airmy</span>]]<br/><small>([[Ulysses S. Grant as commanding general, 1865–1869|1864&ndash;1869]])<br/>''(No prior elected office)'' | rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=3 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1868|1868]])</small><br/>21<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Ulysses S. Grant|1869]]) | [[Schuyler Colfax]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1869</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1873</span> |- | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1872|1872]])</small><br/>22<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Ulysses S. Grant|1873]]) | [[Henry Wilson]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1873</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">November 22, 1875</span><br/>''(Died in office)'' |- | {{CNone|''Office vacant<br/><small>(Balance of Wilson's term)''}} |- | 19 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1877</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1881</span> | [[File:President Rutherford Hayes 1870 - 1880 Restored.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Rutherford B. Hayes]]</big>'''<br/>1822&ndash;1893<br/><small>(Lived: 70 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/rutherfordbhayes |title=Rutherford B. Hayes |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/rutherford-b-hayes |title=Rutherford B. Hayes |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?150637-1/life-portrait-rutherford-b-hayes |title=Life Portrait of Rutherford B. Hayes |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Govrenor o Ohio|29t &amp; 32nt<br/>Govrenor o Ohio]]<br/><small>(1868&ndash;1872 & 1876&ndash;1877) | style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1876|1876]])</small><br/>23<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Rutherford B. Hayes|1877]]) | [[William A. Wheeler]] |- | 20 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1881</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">September 19, 1881</span><br/><small>''([[Assassination o James A. Garfield|Died in office]])'' | [[File:James Abram Garfield, photo portrait seated.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[James A. Garfield]]</big>'''<br/>1831&ndash;1881<br/><small>(Lived: 49 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/jamesgarfield |title=James Garfield |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/james-a-garfield |title=James A. Garfield |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151093-1/life-portrait-james-garfield |title=Life Portrait of James Garfield |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Unitit States Hoose o Representatives|U.S. Representative]] for [[Ohio's 19t congressional destrict|Ohio's 19t Destrict]]<br/><small>(1863&ndash;1881) | style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1880|1880]])</small><br/>24<br/><small>([[Inauguration o James A. Garfield|1881]])<br/>([[Inauguration o Chester A. Arthur|1881]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="intraterm"}} | [[Chester A. Arthur]]<br/><small>''(Succeedit tae presidency)'' |- | [[Presidency o Chester A. Arthur|21]] | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">September 19, 1881<br/>{{Efn|name="Arthur-oath"}}</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1885</span> | [[File:Chester Alan Arthur.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Chester A. Arthur]]</big>'''<br/>1829&ndash;1886<br/><small>(Lived: 57 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/chesterarthur |title=Chester A. Arthur |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/chester-a-arthur |title=Chester A. Arthur |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151431-1/life-portrait-chester-arthur |title=Life Portrait of Chester A. Arthur |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|20t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | {{CNone|''Office vacant''}} |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidencies of Grover Cleveland|22]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1885</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1889</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Grover Cleveland - NARA - 518139 (cropped).jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Grover Cleveland]]</big>'''<br/>1837&ndash;1908<br/><small>(Lived: 71 years)</small><br/><ref name="HIS-grover">{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/grover-cleveland |title=Grover Cleveland |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref name="AP=grover">{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151466-1/life-portrait-grover-cleveland |title=Life Portrait of Grover Cleveland |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Govrenor o New York|28t<br/>Govrenor o New York]]<br/><small>(1883&ndash;1885) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1884|1884]])</small><br/>25<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Grover Cleveland|1885]]) | [[Thomas A. Hendricks]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">November 25, 1885</span><br/>''(Died in office)'' |- | {{CNone|''Office vacant<br/><small>(Balance of Hendricks' term)''}} |- | [[Presidency o Benjamin Harrison|23]] | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1889</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1893</span> | [[File:Benjamin Harrison, head and shoulders bw photo, 1896.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Benjamin Harrison]]</big>'''<br/>1833&ndash;1901<br/><small>(Lived: 67 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/benjaminharrison |title=Benjamin Harrison |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/benjamin-harrison |title=Benjamin Harrison |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151616-1/life-portrait-benjamin-harrison |title=Life Portrait of Benjamin Harrison |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Unitit States Senate|U.S. Senator]] <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">([[Classes of Unitit States Senators|Cless 1]])</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space:nowrap;">frae [[Indiana]]</span><br/><small>(1881&ndash;1887) | style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1888|1888]])</small><br/>26<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Benjamin Harrison|1889]]) | [[Levi P. Morton]] |- | [[Presidencies of Grover Cleveland|24]] | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1893</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1897</span> | [[File:Grover Cleveland - NARA - 518139 (cropped).jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Grover Cleveland]]</big>'''<br/>1837&ndash;1908<br/><small>(Lived: 71 years)</small><br/><ref name="HIS-grover" /><ref name="AP=grover" /> | [[President o the Unitit States|22nt<br/>President o the Unitit States]]<br/><small>(1885&ndash;1889) | style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1892|1892]])</small><br/>27<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Grover Cleveland|1893]]) | [[Adlai Stevenson I|Adlai Stevenson]] |- | rowspan=3 | [[Presidency o William McKinley|25]] | rowspan=3 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1897</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">September 14, 1901</span><br/><small>''([[Assassination o William McKinley|Died in office]])'' | rowspan=3 | [[File:Mckinley.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=3 | '''<big>[[William McKinley]]</big>'''<br/>1843&ndash;1901<br/><small>(Lived: 58 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/williammckinley|title=William McKinley |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/william-mckinley |title=William McKinley |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151617-1/life-portrait-william-mckinley |title=Life Portrait of William McKinley |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=3 | [[Govrenor o Ohio|39th<br/>Govrenor o Ohio]]<br/><small>(1892&ndash;1896) | rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=3 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1896|1896]])</small><br/>28<br/><small>([[First inauguration o William McKinley|1897]]) | [[Garret Hobart]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1897</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">November 21, 1899</span><br/>''(Died in office)'' |- | {{CNone|''Office vacant<br/><small>(Balance of Hobart's term)''}} |- | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1900|1900]])</small><br/>29<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o William McKinley|1901]])<br/>([[First inauguration o Theodore Roosevelt|1901]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="intraterm"}} | [[Theodore Roosevelt]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">September 14, 1901<br/>''(Succeedit tae presidency)'' |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Theodore Roosevelt|26]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">September 14, 1901</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1909</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Theodore Roosevelt by the Pach Bros.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Theodore Roosevelt]]</big>'''<br/>1858&ndash;1919<br/><small>(Lived: 60 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/theodoreroosevelt |title=Theodore Roosevelt |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/theodore-roosevelt |title=Theodore Roosevelt |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151618-1/life-portrait-theodore-roosevelt |title=Life Portrait of Theodore Roosevelt |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|25t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | {{CNone|''Office vacant''<br/><small>{{Nowrap|September 14, 1901}} &ndash; {{Nowrap|March 4, 1905}}}} |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1904|1904]])</small><br/>30<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Theodore Roosevelt|1905]]) | [[Charles W. Fairbanks]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1905</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1909</span> |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o William Howard Taft|27]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1909</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1913</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:William Howard Taft, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing front.tif|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[William Howard Taft]]</big>'''<br/>1857&ndash;1930<br/><small>(Lived: 72 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/williamhowardtaft |title=William Howard Taft |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 13, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/william-howard-taft |title=William Howard Taft |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151620-1/life-portrait-william-howard-taft |title=Life Portrait of William Howard Taft |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Unitit States Secretar o War|42nt<br/>Unitit States Secretar o War]]<br/><small>(1904&ndash;1908) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1908|1908]])</small><br/>31<br/><small>([[Inauguration o William Howard Taft|1909]]) | [[James S. Sherman]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1909</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">October 30, 1912</span><br/>''(Died in office)'' |- | {{CNone|''Office vacant<br/><small>(Balance of Sherman's term)''}} |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Woodrow Wilson|28]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1913</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1921</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Thomas Woodrow Wilson, Harris & Ewing bw photo portrait, 1919.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Woodrow Wilson]]</big>'''<br/>1856&ndash;1924<br/><small>(Lived: 67 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/woodrowwilson |title=Woodrow Wilson |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 13, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2017-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122042520/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/woodrowwilson |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/woodrow-wilson |title=Woodrow Wilson |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151624-1/life-portrait-woodrow-wilson |title=Life Portrait of Woodrow Wilson |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Govrenor o New Jersey|34t<br/>Govrenor o New Jersey]]<br/><small>(1911&ndash;1913) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1912|1912]])</small><br/>32<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Woodrow Wilson|1913]]) | rowspan=2 | [[Thomas R. Marshall]] |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1916|1916]])</small><br/>33<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Woodrow Wilson|1917]]) |- | [[Presidency o Warren G. Harding|29]] | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1921</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">August 2, 1923</span><br/><small>''(Died in office)'' | [[File:Warren G Harding-Harris & Ewing.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Warren G. Harding]]</big>'''<br/>1865&ndash;1923<br/><small>(Lived: 57 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/warrenharding |title=Warren G. Harding |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/warren-g-harding |title=Warren G. Harding |accessdate=November 27, 2016 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151625-1/life-portrait-warren-g-harding |title=Life Portrait of Warren G. Harding |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Unitit States Senate|U.S. Senator]] <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">([[Classes of Unitit States Senators|Cless 3]])</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space:nowrap;">frae [[Ohio]]</span><br/><small>(1915&ndash;1921) | style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1920|1920]])</small><br/>34<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Warren G. Harding|1921]])<br/>([[First inauguration o Calvin Coolidge|1923]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="intraterm"}} | [[Calvin Coolidge]]<br/><small>''(Succeedit tae presidency)'' |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Calvin Coolidge|30]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">August 2, 1923<br/>{{Efn|name="Coolidge-oath"}}</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1929</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Calvin Coolidge cph.3g10777 (cropped).jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Calvin Coolidge]]</big>'''<br/>1872&ndash;1933<br/><small>(Lived: 60 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/calvincoolidge |title=Calvin Coolidge |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 13, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/calvin-coolidge |title=Calvin Coolidge |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151626-1/life-portrait-calvin-coolidge |title=Life Portrait of Calvin Coolidge |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|29t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | {{CNone|''Office vacant''<br/><small>{{Nowrap|August 2, 1923}} &ndash; {{Nowrap|March 4, 1925}}}} |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1924|1924]])</small><br/>35<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Calvin Coolidge|1925]]) | [[Charles G. Dawes]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1925</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1929</span> |- | [[Presidency o Herbert Hoover|31]] |<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1929</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1933</span> | [[File:President Hoover portrait.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Herbert Hoover]]</big>'''<br/>1874&ndash;1964<br/><small>(Lived: 90 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/herberthoover |title=Herbert Hoover |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 13, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/herbert-hoover |title=Herbert Hoover |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151627-1/life-portrait-herbert-hoover |title=Life Portrait of Herbert Hoover |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Unitit States Secretary of Commerce|3rd<br/>Unitit States Secretary of Commerce]]<br/><small>(1921&ndash;1928)<br/>''(No prior elected office)'' | style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1928|1928]])</small><br/>36<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Herbert Hoover|1929]]) | [[Charles Curtis]] |- | rowspan=4 | [[Presidency o Franklin D. Roosevelt|32]] | rowspan=4 | Mairch 4, 1933<br/>&ndash;<br/>Aprile 12, 1945<br/><small>''(Died in office)'' | rowspan=4 | [[File:FDR_1944_Color_Portrait.tif|165px]] | rowspan=4 | '''<big>[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]</big>'''<br/>1882&ndash;1945<br/><small>(Lived: 63 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/franklindroosevelt |title=Franklin D. Roosevelt |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 20, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/franklin-d-roosevelt |title=Franklin D. Roosevelt |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151628-1/life-portrait-franklin-d-roosevelt |title=Life Portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=4 | [[Govrenor o New York|44t<br/>Govrenor o New York]]<br/><small>([[Govrenorship o Franklin D. Roosevelt|1929&ndash;1932]]) | rowspan=4 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=4 class="category" | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1932|1932]])</small><br/>37<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Franklin D. Roosevelt|1933]]) | rowspan=2 | [[John Nance Garner]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mairch 4, 1933</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1941</span></small><br/>{{Efn|name="Amendment_XX-term"}} |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1936|1936]])</small><br/>38<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Franklin D. Roosevelt|1937]]) |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1940|1940]])</small><br/>39<br/><small>([[Third inauguration o Franklin D. Roosevelt|1941]]) | [[Henry A. Wallace]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1941</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1945</span> |- | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1944|1944]])</small><br/>40<br/><small>([[Fowert inauguration o Franklin D. Roosevelt|1945]])<br/>([[First inauguration o Harry S. Truman|1945]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="intraterm"}} | [[Harry S. Truman]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 12, 1945</span><br/>''(Succeedit tae presidency)'' |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Harry S. Truman|33]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aprile 12, 1945</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1953</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Truman 58-766-09.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Harry S. Truman]]</big>'''<br/>1884&ndash;1972<br/><small>(Lived: 88 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/harrystruman |title=Harry S. Truman |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/harry-truman |title=Harry Truman |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151629-1/life-portrait-harry-s-truman |title=Life Portrait of Harry S. Truman |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|34t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | {{CNone|''Office vacant''<br/><small>{{Nowrap|April 12, 1945}} &ndash; {{Nowrap|January 20, 1949}}}} |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1948|1948]])</small><br/>41<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Harry S. Truman|1949]]) | [[Alben W. Barkley]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1949</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1953</span> |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Dwight D. Eisenhower|34]] | rowspan=2 |<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1953</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1961</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Dwight D. Eisenhower, official photo portrait, May 29, 1959.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]</big>'''<br/>1890&ndash;1969<br/><small>(Lived: 78 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/dwightdeisenhower |title=Dwight D. Eisenhower |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2017-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121021705/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/dwightdeisenhower |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/dwight-d-eisenhower |title=Dwight D. Eisenhower |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151630-1/life-portrait-dwight-d-eisenhower |title=Life Portrait of Dwight D. Eisenhower |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe|Supreme Allied Commander Europe]]<br/><small>([[Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower|1949&ndash;1952]])<br/>''(No prior elected office)'' | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1952|1952]])</small><br/>42<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Dwight D. Eisenhower|1953]]) | rowspan=2 | [[Richard Nixon]] |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1956|1956]])</small><br/>43<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Dwight D. Eisenhower|1957]]) |- | [[Presidency o John F. Kennedy|35]] | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1961</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">November 22, 1963</span><br/><small>''([[Assassination o John F. Kennedy|Died in office]])'' | [[File:John F. Kennedy, White House color photo portrait.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[John F. Kennedy]]</big>'''<br/>1917&ndash;1963<br/><small>(Lived: 46 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/johnfkennedy |title=John F. Kennedy |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-f-kennedy |title=John F. Kennedy |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151631-1/life-portrait-john-f-kennedy |title=Life Portrait of John F. Kennedy |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Unitit States Senate|U.S. Senator]] <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">([[Classes of Unitit States Senators|Cless 1]])</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space:nowrap;">frae [[Massachusetts]]</span><br/><small>(1953&ndash;1960) | style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | rowspan=2 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1960|1960]])</small><br/>44<br/><small>([[Inauguration o John F. Kennedy|1961]])<br/>([[First inauguration o Lyndon B. Johnson|1963]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="intraterm"}} | [[Lyndon B. Johnson]]<br/><small>''(Succeedit tae presidency)'' |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Lyndon B. Johnson|36]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">November 22, 1963</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1969</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Lyndon_B._Johnson_Oval_Office_Portrait_(cropped).png|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]</big>'''<br/>1908&ndash;1973<br/><small>(Lived: 64 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/lyndon-b-johnson |title=Lyndon B. Johnson |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151632-1/life-portrait-lyndon-b-johnson |title=Life Portrait of Lyndon B. Johnson |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|37t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | {{CNone|''Office vacant''<br/><small>{{Nowrap|November 22, 1963}} &ndash; {{Nowrap|January 20, 1965}}}} |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1964|1964]])</small><br/>45<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Lyndon B. Johnson|1965]]) | [[Hubert Humphrey]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1965</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1969</span> |- | rowspan=4 | [[Presidency o Richard Nixon|37]] | rowspan=4 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1969</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">August 9, 1974</span><br/><small>''([[Resignation of Richard Nixon|Resigned from office]])'' | rowspan=4 | [[File:Richard M. Nixon, ca. 1935 - 1982 - NARA - 530679.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=4 | '''<big>[[Richard Nixon]]</big>'''<br/>1913&ndash;[[Daith an funeral o Richard Nixon|1994]]<br/><small>(Lived: 81 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/richardnixon |title=Richard M. Nixon |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2017-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121022259/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/richardnixon |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon |title=Richard M. Nixon |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151633-1/life-portrait-richard-m-nixon |title=Life Portrait of Richard M. Nixon |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=4 | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|36t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]]<br/><small>(1953&ndash;1961) | rowspan=4 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=4 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1968|1968]])</small><br/>46<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Richard Nixon|1969]]) | rowspan=2 | [[Spiro Agnew]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1969</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">October 10, 1973</span><br/>''(Resigned from office)'' |- | rowspan=5 | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1972|1972]])</small><br/>47<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Richard Nixon|1973]])<br/>([[Inauguration o Gerald Ford|1974]])</small><br/>{{Efn|name="intraterm"}} |- | {{CNone|''Office vacant''<br/><small>{{Nowrap|October 10}} &ndash; {{Nowrap|December 6, 1973}}}} |- | [[Gerald Ford]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">December 6, 1973</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">August 9, 1974<br/>''(Succeedit tae presidency)'' |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Gerald Ford|38]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">August 9, 1974</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1977</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Gerald Ford presidential portrait (cropped).jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Gerald Ford]]</big>'''<br/>1913&ndash;[[Daith an state funeral o Gerald Ford|2006]]<br/><small>(Lived: 93 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/geraldford |title=Gerald R. Ford |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/gerald-r-ford|title=Gerald Ford |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151634-1/life-portrait-gerald-r-ford |title=Life Portrait of Gerald R. Ford |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|40t<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | {{CNone|''Office vacant''<br/><small>{{Nowrap|August 9}} &ndash; {{Nowrap|December 19, 1974}}}} |- | [[Nelson Rockefeller]]<br/><small><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">December 19, 1974</span> &ndash; <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1977</span> |- | [[Presidency o Jimmy Carter|39]] | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1977</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1981</span> | [[File:JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Jimmy Carter]]</big>'''<br/>1924&ndash;[[Daith an state funeral o Jimmy Carter|2024]]<br/><small>(Lived: 100 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/jimmycarter|title=James Carter |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/jimmy-carter|title=Jimmy Carter |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151635-1/life-portrait-jimmy-carter |title=Life Portrait of Jimmy Carter |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Govrenor o Georgie|76t<br/>Govrenor o Georgie]]<br/><small>(1971&ndash;1975) | style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1976|1976]])</small><br/>48<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Jimmy Carter|1977]]) | [[Walter Mondale]] |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Ronald Reagan|40]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1981</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1989</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Ronald Reagan 1981 presidential portrait.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Ronald Reagan]]</big>'''<br/>1911&ndash;[[Daith an state funeral o Ronald Reagan|2004]]<br/><small>(Lived: 93 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/ronaldreagan |title=Ronald Reagan |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=June 25, 2008 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2016-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903032212/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/ronaldreagan |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/ronald-reagan|title=Ronald Reagan |accessdate=January 18, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151636-1/life-portrait-ronald-reagan |title=Life Portrait of Ronald Reagan |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]]}}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Govrenor o California|33rd<br/>Govrenor o California]]<br/><small>([[Govrenorship o Ronald Reagan|1967&ndash;1975]]) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1980|1980]])</small><br/>49<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Ronald Reagan|1981]]) | rowspan=2 | [[George H. W. Bush]] |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1984|1984]])</small><br/>50<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Ronald Reagan|1985]]) |- | [[Presidency o George H. W. Bush|41]] | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1989</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1993</span> | [[File:George H. W. Bush, President of the United States, 1989 official portrait (cropped).jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[George H. W. Bush]]</big>'''<br/>1924&ndash;[[Daith an state funeral o George H. W. Bush|2018]]<br/><small>(Lived: 94 years)</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/georgehwbush |title=George H. W. Bush |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/george-bush |title=George Bush |accessdate=November 27, 2016 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151637-1/life-portrait-george-hw-bush |title=Life Portrait of George H.W. Bush |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|43rd<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1988|1988]])</small><br/>51<br/><small>([[Inauguration o George H. W. Bush|1989]]) | [[Dan Quayle]] |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Bill Clinton|42]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 1993</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 2001</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:Bill Clinton.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Bill Clinton]]</big>'''<br/>Born 1946<br/><small>''({{Age|1946|8|19}} year auld)''</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/williamjclinton |title=William J. Clinton |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=March 12, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2016-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830095441/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/williamjclinton |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/bill-clinton |title=Bill Clinton |accessdate=November 27, 2016 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151639-1/life-portrait-bill-clinton |title=Life Portrait of Bill Clinton |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Govrenor o Arkansas|40t &amp; 42nt<br/>Govrenor o Arkansas]]<br/><small>(1979&ndash;1981 & 1983&ndash;1992) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1992|1992]])</small><br/>52<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Bill Clinton|1993]]) | rowspan=2 | [[Al Gore]] |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 1996|1996]])</small><br/>53<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Bill Clinton|1997]]) |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o George W. Bush|43]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 2001</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 2009</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:George-W-Bush.jpeg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[George W. Bush]]</big>'''<br/>Born 1946<br/><small>''({{Age|1946|6|6}} year auld)''</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/georgewbush |title=George W. Bush |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=February 25, 2007 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=2016-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830095431/https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/georgewbush |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/george-w-bush |title=George W. Bush |accessdate=November 27, 2016 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Govrenor o Texas|46t<br/>Govrenor o Texas]]<br/><small>([[Govrenorship o George W. Bush|1995&ndash;2000]]) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 2000|2000]])</small><br/>54<br/><small>([[First inauguration o George W. Bush|2001]]) | rowspan=2 | [[Dick Cheney]] |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 2004|2004]])</small><br/>55<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o George W. Bush|2005]]) |- | rowspan=2 | [[Presidency o Barack Obama|44]] | rowspan=2 | <span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 2009</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 2017</span> | rowspan=2 | [[File:President Barack Obama, 2012 portrait crop.jpg|165px]] | rowspan=2 | '''<big>[[Barack Obama]]</big>'''<br/>Born 1961<br/><small>''({{Age|1961|8|4}} year auld)''</small><br/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/barackobama |title=Barack Obama |accessdate=January 22, 2017 |date=January 20, 2017 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/barack-obama |title=Barack Obama |accessdate=November 27, 2016 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref> | rowspan=2 | [[Unitit States Senate|U.S. Senator]] <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">([[Classes of Unitit States Senators|Cless 3]])</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space:nowrap;">frae [[Illinois]]</span><br/><small>([[Unitit States Senate career of Barack Obama|2005&ndash;2008]]) | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 2008|2008]])</small><br/>56<br/><small>([[First inauguration o Barack Obama|2009]]) | rowspan=2 | [[Joe Biden]] |- | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 2012|2012]])</small><br/>57<br/><small>([[Seicont inauguration o Barack Obama|2013]]) |- | [[Presidency o Donald Trump|45]] |<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 2017</span><br/>&ndash;<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 2021</span> | [[File:Donald Trump official portrait (cropped).jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Donald Trump]]</big>'''<br/>Born 1946<br/><small>''({{Age|1946|6|14}} year auld)''</small><br/><ref name="whousetrump">{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/president-trump|title=President Donald J. Trump|accessdate=January 22, 2017|website=[[whitehouse.gov]]|date=January 20, 2017|archive-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225140417/https://www.whitehouse.gov/people/donald-j-trump/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/donald-trump |title=Donald Trump |accessdate=January 20, 2017 |website=[[History.com]] |publisher=[[A&E Networks]] }}</ref> | Chairman o<br/>[[The Trump Organization]]<br/><small>([[Business career o Donald Trump|1971&ndash;2017]])<br/>''(Na prior electit office)'' | style="background-color:{{Republican Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 2016|2016]])</small><br/>58<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Donald Trump|2017]]) | [[Mike Pence]] |- | [[Presidency o Joe Biden|46]] |<br/><span class="date" style="white-space:nowrap;">Januar 20, 2021</span><br/>&ndash;<br/>Januar 20, 2025 | [[File:Joe Biden presidential portrait (cropped).jpg|165px]] | '''<big>[[Joe Biden]]</big>'''<br/>Born 1942<br/><small>''({{Age|1942|11|20}} year auld)''</small><br/> | [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|47th<br/>Vice Preses o the Unitit States]] | rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)/meta/color}}" | | rowspan=2 | [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] | <small>([[Unitit States presidential election, 2020|2020]])</small><br/>58<br/><small>([[Inauguration o Joe Biden|2021]]) | [[Kamala Harris]] |} ==Notes== {{notelist|2|refs= {{Efn|name="2Party"|Three presidents are counted above with multiple political affiliations: John Tyler (Whig, ''Unaffiliated''), Abraham Lincoln (Republican, National Union), and Andrew Johnson (National Union, Democratic).}} {{Efn|name="No"|The presidents are numbered according to uninterrupted periods of time served by the same person. For example, George Washington served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first president (not the first and second). Upon the resignation of 37th president Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford became the 38th president even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon's second term and was never elected to the presidency in his own right. Grover Cleveland was both the 22nd president and the 24th president because his two terms were not consecutive. A vice president who temporarily becomes acting president under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution is not counted, because the president remains in office during such a period.}} {{Efn|name="office"|Listed here is the most recent office (either with a U.S. state, the federal government, or a private corporation) held by the individual prior to becoming President.}} {{Efn|name="term"|Listed and numbered here are the elections and inaugurations that constitute a presidential term.}} {{Efn|name="Washington-term"|Due to logistical delays, instead of being inaugurated on March 4, 1789, the date scheduled for operations o the federal government under the new Constitution to begin, Washington's first inauguration was held 1 month and 26 days later. As a result, his first term was only 1,404 days long (as opposed to the usual 1,461), and was the shortest term for a U.S. president who neither died in office nor resigned.}} {{Efn|name="Adams-party"|Political parties had not been anticipated when the Constitution was drafted in 1787 and ratified in 1788, nor did they exist at the time o the first presidential election in 1788–89. When they did develop, during Washington's first term, Adams joined the faction which became the Federalist Pairty. The elections of 1792 were the first ones in the Unitit States to be contested on anything resembling a partisan basis.}} {{efn|name="Adams-term"|Due to logistical delays, Adams assumed the office of Vice President 1 month and 17 days after the March 4, 1789 scheduled start of operations o the new government under the Constitution. As a result, his first term was only 1,413 days long, and was the shortest term for a U.S. vice president who neither died in office nor resigned.}} {{Efn|name="Jefferson-party"|The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and the only one in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing political parties. Federalist John Adams was elected president, and Jefferson o the Democratic-Republicans was elected vice president.}} {{Efn|name="Calhoun-party"|John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the [[Nullifier Party]] in 1828 to oppose the [[Tariff of Abominations|Tariff of 1828]] and advance the cause of [[states' rights]], but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the democratic coalition led by Jackson.}} {{Efn|name="Tyler-oath"|John Tyler was sworn in as President on April 6, 1841.}} {{Efn|name="Tyler-party"|John Tyler, a former Democrat, ran for vice president on the Whig Party ticket with Harrison in 1840. Tyler's policy priorities as president soon proved to be opposed to most o the Whig agenda, and he was expelled from the party in September 1841.}} {{Efn|name="intraterm"|Intra-term extraordinary inauguration.}} {{Efn|name="Fillmore-oath"|Millard Fillmore was sworn in as President on July 10, 1850.}} {{Efn|name="union"|When he ran for reelection in 1864, Republican Abraham Lincoln formed a bipartisan [[electoral alliance]] with [[War Democrat]]s by selecting Democrat Andrew Johnson as his running mate, and running on the National Union Party ticket.}} {{Efn|name="Johnson-party"|Democrat Andrew Johnson ran for vice president on the National Union Party ticket with Republican Abraham Lincoln in 1864. Later, while president, Johnson tried and failed to build a party of loyalists under the National Union banner. Near the end of his presidency, Johnson rejoined the Democratic Party.}} {{Efn|name="Arthur-oath"|Chester A. Arthur was initially sworn in as President on September 20, 1881, and then again on September 22.}} {{Efn|name="Coolidge-oath"|Calvin Coolidge was initially sworn in as President on August 3, 1923, and then again on August 23.}} {{Efn|name="Amendment_XX-term"|The [[Twentieth Amendment to the Unitit States Constitution]] (ratified on January 23, 1933) moved [[Unitit States presidential inauguration|Inauguration Day]] from March 4 to January 20, beginning in 1937. As a result, Garner's first term in office was 1 month and 12 days shorter than a normal term.}} }} ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Unitit States, Leet O Preses O The}} [[Category:Leets o preses]] [[Category:Leets relatin tae the Unitit States presidency|*]] [[Category:Preses o the Unitit States|*]] pejih6kk0xyvp23m7di29gp56rj79hs 0 137871 922670 827942 2026-09-11T21:14:50Z Cobra 3000 28371 Pit in stub tag 922670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Canadian political party | colorcode = {{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal}} | party_name = Leeberal Pairty o Canadae | name_native = ''Parti libéral du Canada'' | logo = [[File:Liberal Party of Canada Logo 2014.svg|175px]] | status = active | class = fed | leader = [[Justin Trudeau]] | president = Anna Gainey |leader1_title = Deputy Leader |leader1_name = [[Ralph Goodale]] | foundation = {{Start date and age|1861}} | predecessor = [[Clear Grits]],<br/>[[Parti rouge]] | headquarters = Suite 920<br />350 Albert Street<br />[[Ottawa]], [[Ontario]]<br />K1P 6M8 | youth_wing = [[Young Leeberals o Canadae|Young Leeberals]] | ideology = {{nowrap|[[Leeberalism]] ([[Leeberalism in Canadae|Canadian]])}} | position = [[Centrism|Centre]] tae [[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]]<ref name="Rayside2011">{{cite book |author = David Rayside |title = Faith, Politics, and Sexual Diversity in Canada and the United States |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=oYXU_1WwNKUC&pg=PA22 |year = 2011 |publisher = UBC Press |isbn = 978-0-7748-2011-0 |page = 22 }}</ref><ref name="CollinMartin2012">{{cite book |author1 = Richard Collin |author2 = Pamela L. Martin |title = An Introduction to World Politics: Conflict and Consensus on a Small Planet |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=-vSlx-_Z408C&pg=PA138 |year = 2012 |publisher = Rowman & Littlefield |isbn = 978-1-4422-1803-1 |page = 138 }}</ref> | international = [[Leeberal Internaitional]]<ref>{{cite web |title = Liberal Party of Canada Welcomes Liberal International to 2009 Convention |url = http://www.liberal.ca/newsroom/news-release/liberal-party-of-canada-welcomes-liberal-international-to-2009-convention/ |publisher = Liberal Party of Canada |accessdate = 2012-08-28 |date = March 6, 2009 |archive-date = 2012-08-05 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120805144043/http://www.liberal.ca/newsroom/news-release/liberal-party-of-canada-welcomes-liberal-international-to-2009-convention/ |url-status = dead }}</ref> | colours = {{colorbox|{{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal}}}} [[Reid]] | seats_house = {{Composition bar|184|338|hex={{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal}}}} | seats_senate = {{Composition bar|0|105|hex={{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal}}}}<ref name="LibSenate">{{cite web |url = http://news.nationalpost.com/news/canada/canadian-politics/justin-trudeau-kicks-senators-out-of-liberal-caucus-in-bid-to-show-hes-serious-about-cleaning-up-red-chamber |title = Justin Trudeau kicks all 32 Liberal senators out of caucus in bid for reform |work = National Post |date = 29 January 2014 |accessdate = 18 October 2015 |author = Spencer, Christina }}</ref> | website = {{URL|liberal.ca}} }} The '''Leeberal Pairty o Canadae''' ({{lang-fr|Parti libéral du Canada}}), colloquially kent as the '''Grits''', is the auldest federal poleetical pairty in [[Canadae]]. ==References== {{reflist}}{{Stub/Canadae}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Liberal Pairty O Canadae}} [[Category:1867 establishments in Canadae]] [[Category:Federal poleetical pairties in Canadae]] [[Category:Leeberal Pairty o Canadae| ]] [[Category:Leeberal pairties in Canadae]] [[Category:Organisations based in Ottawa]] [[Category:Poleetical pairties established in 1867]] ip2188xzbwt5x2st1ezu44uj83ebby4 0 159758 922663 888974 2026-09-11T18:04:26Z Prakash Dagla 137068 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 922663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox UK place | country = Scotland | official_name = Isle of Whithorn | static_image_name = Isle of Whithorn - geograph.org.uk - 1537838.jpg | population = 300 | population_ref = (2001 Census) | os_grid_reference = NX479273 | coordinates = {{coord|54.697|-4.360|display=inline,title}} | unitary_scotland = [[Dumfries an Gallowa]] | lieutenancy_scotland = [[Wigtounshire|Wigtoun]] | constituency_westminster = [[Dumfries and Galloway (UK Parliament constituency)|Dumfries and Galloway]] | constituency_scottish_parliament = [[Galloway and West Dumfries (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Galloway and West Dumfries]] | post_town = NEWTON STEWART | postcode_district = DG8 | postcode_area = DG | dial_code = 01988 }} '''Isle o Whithorn''' (''Port Rosnait'' in [[Scots Gaelic]]) is ane o the maist soothren veelages an seaports in Scotland, lyin on the coast nor'east o [[Burrow Heid]], aboot 3 mile fae [[Whithorn]] in the historical coonty o [[Wigtounshire]] in [[Dumfries an Gallowa]], [[Scotland]]. Whithorn is an umwhile [[ryal burgh]] that the Isle o Whithorn is frequent wrangously mellt or confuised wi. It is refert tae local as "The Isle" - niver as "''the'' Isle o Withorn". The veelage is the location o the lang-ruint 13t century [[Saunt Ringan's Chaipel]], umwhile a chaipel linked tae [[Whithorn Priory]] an a stappin-aff pynt for pilgrimers laundin on Isle Heid an makkin thair wey tae Whithorn. Awtho no langer a true island, John Ainslie's maps as late as 1782 an 1821 shaw the Isle as an island. The main street wis oreeginal a causey, wi the herbour locatit on whit wis than the true isle. The Isle haes a lang history o bidin in, for exemple a survey o the grund atween the Isle veelage an Saunt Ringan's Chaipel kythed [[clearance cairns]] an cultivation furrs, as weel as the remeens o a rectangular biggin occupeein the rig o the law hill juist til the wast o the chaipel, wi possible staps leadin dounhill taewart the east.<ref name=isle>{{Cite web |url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/77752/details/isle+of+whithorn/ |title="Isle of Whithorn", Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2012-02-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229155113/http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/77752/details/isle+of+whithorn/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Community an amenities== [[File:Isle of Whithorn Community Hall - geograph.org.uk - 1454900.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Community Haw]] A Community Cooncil represents the veelage an a [[Kirk o Scotland]] kirk, umwhile a Free Kirk, sits on the auld boatyaird, a site stendin intil the herbour an threitent at by-ordinar heich tides. Thare is a boulin club, a basic fitbaw pairk, an twa playgrunds for the young. The veelage haw is weel uised: in August 2008, the community teuk ower management control o this faceelity an it is noo completely replenisht an hame tae Scotland's maist soothren cinema, 'Machar Movies'. Follaein a substantious awaird fae the Big Lottery Fund, a new tearoom, a post office, an shap sellin gifts an fuidstuffs, 'Saint Ninian's', wis built alangside the haw, an this ane appent in October 2014. The veelage has ane public hoose, the Steam Packet Inn. A seicont public hoose, the Queen's Airms, was closed some years syne, an noo hooses an airt gailerie and crafts shap. On the herbour an aw thare is a fish shap and general store cried Isle Sea Foods; up the stair is a steamie, a toilet, an shour faceelitys. The auld veelage schuil is noo a preevat hoose, leukin ower the Stinkin Port, the bay on the ither side o the Isle promontory. A granite war memorial is at the north end o the veelage juist aff Main street, on a mund leuking ower the boulin green, wi twal [[Warld War I|First Warld War]] names on it an five [[Warld War II|Seicont Warld War]] names. The regiments an ships is gien for the First Warld War anely.<ref>[http://www.roll-of-honour.org/Wigtownshire/IsleofWhithorn.html "Isle of Whithorn War Memorial", Roll of Honour]</ref> Fishin is widely available on the lochs, on the local rivers [[River Bladnoch|Blaidnoch]] an [[River Cree|Cree]], an on the sea itsel bi boat or fae the shore. There is a hantle o trails an quate roads for walkin, horse-riding, or bicyclin. Signpostit bi the Whithorn Pilgrimage Trust, the Pilgrimer's Wey (Pilgrim's Way) follaes a route soothwart fae the [[Soothren Upland Wey]] throu the [[Machars]], passin throu [[New Luice]] and the early Christian haly sites o [[Glenluice Aibey]], the White Loch, Whithorn, the Isle o Withorn, an Saunt Ringan's Cove. The main pairt o the route fae Glenluice tae Whithorn is 25 mile lang. ==History== [[File:Isle of Whithorn Harbour - geograph.org.uk - 1116019.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Herbour]] [[Pliny the Elder]] dee'd in 79 AD (CE) an in his ''Naitural History'' he descrives Breetain, Ireland, an the smawer islands aff the coast, ane bein ''Vectis'' an this ane haes been identified wi the Isle o Whithorn.<ref name="Moffat">Moffat, Alistair (2014). ''Faded Map. The Lost Kingdoms of Scotland''. Edinburgh : Birlinn Ltd. {{ISBN|978-1-84158-958-9}}. P. 28.</ref> The name ''Lucopibia'' as uised bi [[Ptolemy]] haes been linkit wi Whithorn an aw.<ref name="Moffatf">Moffat, Alistair (2014). ''Faded Map. The Lost Kingdoms of Scotland''. Edinburgh : Birlinn Ltd. {{ISBN|978-1-84158-958-9}}. P. 54.</ref> This wis a haunt for smugglers an a principal herbour for lea'some tred an transport; here a body catcht the ''Countess of Galloway'', the [[steam packet]] boat that wad take a body tae [[Liverpuil]] an mebbe a passage on an emigrant ship til the [[New Warld]] or [[Australie]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/visitisle.asp |title=Marshall. Michael. "About the Isle of Whithorn", Isle of Whithorn |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2020-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408034336/http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/visitisle.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Isle Castle== [[File:Isle of Whithorn Castle.JPG|thumb|Isle Castle, Isle o Whithorn]] The Isle Castle is ane o the veelage's auldest biggins. The biggin is comparative smaw-like an is nearly square in plan, awtho the principle o an 'L'-shapit arrangement is reteent. In the early 19t century it wis the residence o the Superintendent o the Coastguard, Sir John Reid. The 'Caiptain's Gairden' is an extension intil the herbour, noo wi several hooses on it, bit oreeginal a gairden associatit wi the castle. Cried yet the Caiptain's Gairden it is wi simulatit [[man o war]] gun ports. Abuin the door o thir quarters is a stane wi the ineetials o [[Patrick Houseon o Drummaston]] an his guidwife [[Margaret Gordon]], thegither wi the date o biggin, 1674. This state haes been muived fae the auld entry door o the main biggin. The angle turrets on the seicont fluir is cairit on three plain corbels an dinna shaw at aw in the inside o the biggin.<ref>MacGibbon, T. and Ross, D. (1887&ndash;92). The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland from the 12th to the 18th centuries, 5v, Edinburgh. p. 354&ndash;356.</ref> A Gothic-style airchle wis ance attacht til the Drumelan Burn side o the castle.<ref>[http://www.francisfrith.com/isle-of-whithorn/photos/c1870_i38003/ Gothic Porch photograph]</ref> The Bysbie corn mill wis locatit on the tither side o the Drummulin Burn fae the castle an a lairge mill pownd supplied the water pouer; the mll remeens lie ahint the Queen's Airms Hottle. A [[chalybeate]] 'spa wall' wis locatit ablo the castle as shawn bi the 1850s 6-inch-til-ae-mile OS map. ==Saunt Ringan's Chaipel== [[File:St Ninians Chapel - geograph.org.uk - 867425.jpg|thumb|right|St Ringan's Chaipel]] Saunt Ringan's (St Ninian's) Chaipel wis mendit an pairtly rebuilt in 1898 bi the [[John Crichton-Stuart, 4t Marquess o Bute|Marquess o Bute]]; its main featurs wis haint. The praisent ruins is rectangular, meisurin inby 31 fit x 16.5 fit. This biggn wis likely upset tae replace a 12t tae early 13t century chaipel, whase steid wis fund durin howkins an conseestit o a nave, 17.5 fit x 16.5 fit, wi a square chancel. The chaipel stuid within a contemporar hainin waw, part of that is staundin yet. An ootby hainin micht hae ance existit, best seen in swaip sunlicht, definin a rochsome oval aurie 100 fit x 110 ft. This ootby hainin micht be o the Celtic speal. Thare is no records o the chaipel's uiss as a buirial grund.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/63096/details/isle+of+whithorn+st+ninian+s+chapel/ |title="St. Ninian's Chapel", Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2013-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231042104/http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/63096/details/isle+of+whithorn+st+ninian+s+chapel/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> St Ringan is chief myndit at Whithorn. Houiver, mony places in Scotland is associatit wi his name, sic as [[St Ringan's Isle]] in the [[River Garnock]] near [[Kilwinnin]]. He convertit the Soothren Pechts an tharefore jurneyed oothrou mony auries in soothren Scotland. ==Isle o Whithorn Tour== [[File:Signalling Tower, Isle Head - geograph.org.uk - 737196.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Tour]] The Isle's maist fameeliar laundmerk is the square, white tour that haes been a navigational aid for hunders o years.<ref>[http://wlol.arlhs.com/lighthouse/SCO357.html "The Isle of Whithorn Harbour Light", Amateur Radio Lighthouse Society]</ref> Fae here there is views o the Kirkcoubrie coast, the hale o the northren range o the English [[Lake Destrict]] muntains, an til the sooth the roondit, muntainous form o the [[Isle o Man]]. Durin [[Warld War II]] it wis the site o a trackin station for anti-aircraft gunnery practice. The arrangement wis that an aircraft flew up an doun in front o the guns, that wad try tae bring it doun. Firstly, radio-controlt 'Queen Bee' aircraft wis uised, an the flet [[concrete]] steid by the white tour on the carin, no the location o the [[Solway Harvester]] memorial stane, wis laid down for ane o the control bothys.<ref name=isleofwhithorn>{{Cite web |url=http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/tour.asp |title=Isle of Whithorn |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2020-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408034417/http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/tour.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> The memorial stane til the Solway Harvester is in the form of an anchor set in a granite block. ==Isle Heid== [[File:Isle Head, Isle of Whithorn.jpg|thumb|Isle Heid, Isle o Whithorn]] The [[mull]] is nearly cut intae twa bi Chaipel Port east an wast. The artifeecial ditch o the Auld Fort is clear veesible yet on the approach tae Isle Heid. Thare is a multivallate mull fort on Isle Head, conseestin o three rampairts an twa ditches, wi a likely fowert rampairt noo reduce't til a slicht [[Scaur, Dumfries an Gallowa|scaur]]. On the seawart side o the mull is aff-an-on streetches o grummel linkin an uisin naitural ootcrops o rock; in the sootheast corner is inby an ootby faces, shawin the fittins o a waw up tae 3 yaird wide. On the levelt summit aurie is slicht hints o grummel wawin an artifeecial scaurin on the sooth an east sides; an in the nor'east corner is the possible remeens o a bothy circle.<ref name=islehead>{{Cite web |url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/63098/details/isle+head/ |title="Isle Head", Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2013-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231031925/http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/63098/details/isle+head/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A smaw block o rig is clear veesible on Isle Head, lyin atween the paith leadin til the mull an the rampairts and ditch o the [[Airn Age]] fort. The furrs is line't fae nor'east tae soothwast across the mull. A witness cairn wis upset in 1997 tae commemorate the arrival o the Christian missionar [[Saunt Ringan]] tae thir shores, an pilgrimers is hertent tae place stanes wi personal messages ontil a rock cairn. Thir cairns is sitit in the remeens o a biggin uised tae hoose the Isle o Whithorn lifeboat. The lifeboat biggin haed a ruif until weel efter the Seicont Warld War, awtho the station wis closed in 1919, whan a motor lifeboat wis place't on station at Kirkcoubrie. The Lifeboat Station wis upsetten in 1869. Durin the 50 year that the lifeboat station wis operatin thare wis three lifeboats: * Charlie Peake (1869-1886) - 7 lenches an 10 lifes sauft * Henry an John Leighton (1886-1901) - 12 lenches and 22 lifes sauft * George an Margaret (1901-1919) - sax lenches and sax lifes sauft The Solway Harvester Seat is a granite-hewen moniment an is ane o twa local treebutes tae the seiven-strang local crew o the fishin boat [[Solway Harvester]] that sank in a storm aff the Isle o Man in Januar 2000. ==The herbour== [[File:Isle of Whithorn Harbour at High Tide - geograph.org.uk - 738711.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Herbour, heich tide]] [[File:Isle of Whithorn Harbour - geograph.org.uk - 214191.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Herbour, law tide]] The herbour remeens the main focal pynt o the veelage. The Isle's ain fleet is engaged in licht trawlin an lapster fishin. A nummer o leisur boats is keepit here an the Isle is increasin bein uised as a stappin aff location for pleisur traffeck sailin the wast coast, an as a lenchin site for trailer-sted boats sic as smaw anglin boats an divin RIB's.<ref name=isleofwhithorn/> A pier wis first biggit in the 16t century, bit a mair substantious structur wis biggit in 1790 tae avance commerce, sic as the tred wi [[Whitehaven]] an ither English ports.<ref>Groome, Francis (1903). ''Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland.'' London : Caxton Publishing. p. 888.</ref> In 1969 the pier was badly daimiged bi a storm an wis anely rebuilt efter a prolanged campaign bi the local people. The Perk is a skellie that rins oot fae the wast side o the mooth o Isle Bay; it can be dangerous tae boats comin intil the Isle an for mony years the end wis merkit wi an airn powl. In the 19t century the Isle haed strang tredin links with [[Ireland]] an the [[Isle o Man]] an aw, and ships wis being built as weel as sailin fae here. The ''Countess of Galloway'', a steam packet, ance raiglar sailt fae here tae [[Liverpuil]]. By the end o the 20t century tredin boats haed gien wey awmaist enteerly tae yachts an ither pleisur boats. The Wigtown Bay Sailing Club walcomes aw veesitin yachtsment whether thay arrive bi sea or bi laund wi trailert boats. The clubhoose is situatit on the herbor an has aw the uisual faceelitys. The herbour dries three oor aither side o heich watter, an thare is a dedicatit veesitors' berth at the ooter end o the quay. Thare is twa slipweys an aw for lenchin trailer boats or dinghies, ane o thaim is at the inner end o the quay an is sheltert in aw kynds o wather. The tither, that gies aiccess intil the bay, can be uised at virtual ony state o the tide. The club is acteeve ootthrou the simmer wi dinghy or cruiser races organised for maist weekends an some races mid-week.<ref name=isleofwhithorn/> An unuisual featur o the herbor wis a fish trap; a waw or dyke rinnin across pair o the upper pairt o the inlat that fankelt fish as the tied gaed oot.<ref name=isle/> this wis merkit yet as late as the 1850s on the OS map. ==''The Wicker Man''== [[File:Edward Woodward 1971.JPG|thumb|right|[[Edward Woodward]], starn o the pictur ''The Wicker Man'']] Various scenes fae the 1973 pictur ''[[The Wicker Man]]'' wis filmt in an aroond the Isle o Whithorn. The heid-hicht o the pictur wis filmt at St Ringan's Cove an on the clift-taps at [[Burrow Heid]]. The co-awner o the Isle o Whithorn Castle, Elizabeth McAdam Laughland, an several ither local people featurt in various scenes. ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category|Isle of Whithorn}} *[http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/facts.asp Isle o Whithorn Information.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408034416/http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/facts.asp |date=2020-04-08 }} *[http://www.francisfrith.com/isle-of-whithorn/photos/c1870_i38003/ Francis Frith photaes.] *[http://www.scottish-places.info/towns/townfirst3169.html Gazetteer for Scotland.] *[http://www.worldportsource.com/ports/GBR_Isle_of_Whithorn_Harbor_3812.php Herbour details] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108055128/http://www.worldportsource.com/ports/GBR_Isle_of_Whithorn_Harbor_3812.php |date=2020-01-08 }} {{authority control}} [[Category:Veelages in Dumfries an Gallowa]] [[Category:Dumfries an Gallowa]] [[Category:Places o Scotland]] {{Stub/Places o Scotland}} sfgr3quzbazcoc8m2chqs9zyk2xsmcu 922665 922663 2026-09-11T18:22:32Z CiphriusKane 74958 Revertit edit o Prakash Dagla, chynged back tae last version bi InternetArchiveBot 888974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox UK place | country = Scotland | official_name = Isle of Whithorn | static_image_name = Isle of Whithorn - geograph.org.uk - 1537838.jpg | population = 300 | population_ref = (2001 Census) | os_grid_reference = NX479273 | coordinates = {{coord|54.697|-4.360|display=inline,title}} | unitary_scotland = [[Dumfries an Gallowa]] | lieutenancy_scotland = [[Wigtounshire|Wigtoun]] | constituency_westminster = [[Dumfries and Galloway (UK Parliament constituency)|Dumfries and Galloway]] | constituency_scottish_parliament = [[Galloway and West Dumfries (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Galloway and West Dumfries]] | post_town = NEWTON STEWART | postcode_district = DG8 | postcode_area = DG | dial_code = 01988 }} '''Isle o Whithorn''' (''Port Rosnait'' in [[Scots Gaelic]]) is ane o the maist soothren veelages an seaports in Scotland, lyin on the coast nor'east o [[Burrow Heid]], aboot 3 mile fae [[Whithorn]] in the historical coonty o [[Wigtounshire]] in [[Dumfries an Gallowa]], [[Scotland]]. Whithorn is an umwhile [[ryal burgh]] that the Isle o Whithorn is frequent wrangously mellt or confuised wi. It is refert tae local as "The Isle" - niver as "''the'' Isle o Withorn". The veelage is the location o the lang-ruint 13t century [[Saunt Ringan's Chaipel]], umwhile a chaipel linked tae [[Whithorn Priory]] an a stappin-aff pynt for pilgrimers laundin on Isle Heid an makkin thair wey tae Whithorn. Awtho no langer a true island, John Ainslie's maps as late as 1782 an 1821 shaw the Isle as an island. The main street wis oreeginal a causey, wi the herbour locatit on whit wis than the true isle. The Isle haes a lang history o bidin in, for exemple a survey o the grund atween the Isle veelage an Saunt Ringan's Chaipel kythed [[clearance cairns]] an cultivation furrs, as weel as the remeens o a rectangular biggin occupeein the rig o the law hill juist til the wast o the chaipel, wi possible staps leadin dounhill taewart the east.<ref name=isle>{{Cite web |url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/77752/details/isle+of+whithorn/ |title="Isle of Whithorn", Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2012-02-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229155113/http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/77752/details/isle+of+whithorn/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Community an amenities== [[File:Isle of Whithorn Community Hall - geograph.org.uk - 1454900.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Community Haw]] A Community Cooncil represents the veelage an a [[Kirk o Scotland]] kirk, umwhile a Free Kirk, sits on the auld boatyaird, a site stendin intil the herbour an threitent at by-ordinar heich tides. Thare is a boulin club, a basic fitbaw pairk, an twa playgrunds for the young. The veelage haw is weel uised: in August 2008, the community teuk ower management control o this faceelity an it is noo completely replenisht an hame tae Scotland's maist soothren cinema, 'Machar Movies'. Follaein a substantious awaird fae the Big Lottery Fund, a new tearoom, a post office, an shap sellin gifts an fuidstuffs, 'Saint Ninian's', wis built alangside the haw, an this ane appent in October 2014. The veelage has ane public hoose, the Steam Packet Inn. A seicont public hoose, the Queen's Airms, was closed some years syne, an noo hooses an airt gailerie and crafts shap. On the herbour an aw thare is a fish shap and general store cried Isle Sea Foods; up the stair is a steamie, a toilet, an shour faceelitys. The auld veelage schuil is noo a preevat hoose, leukin ower the Stinkin Port, the bay on the ither side o the Isle promontory. A granite war memorial is at the north end o the veelage juist aff Main street, on a mund leuking ower the boulin green, wi twal [[Warld War I|First Warld War]] names on it an five [[Warld War II|Seicont Warld War]] names. The regiments an ships is gien for the First Warld War anely.<ref>[http://www.roll-of-honour.org/Wigtownshire/IsleofWhithorn.html "Isle of Whithorn War Memorial", Roll of Honour]</ref> Fishin is widely available on the lochs, on the local rivers [[River Bladnoch|Blaidnoch]] an [[River Cree|Cree]], an on the sea itsel bi boat or fae the shore. There is a hantle o trails an quate roads for walkin, horse-riding, or bicyclin. Signpostit bi the Whithorn Pilgrimage Trust, the Pilgrimer's Wey (Pilgrim's Way) follaes a route soothwart fae the [[Soothren Upland Wey]] throu the [[Machars]], passin throu [[New Luice]] and the early Christian haly sites o [[Glenluice Aibey]], the White Loch, Whithorn, the Isle o Withorn, an Saunt Ringan's Cove. The main pairt o the route fae Glenluice tae Whithorn is 25 mile lang. ==History== [[File:Isle of Whithorn Harbour - geograph.org.uk - 1116019.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Herbour]] [[Pliny the Elder]] dee'd in 79 AD (CE) an in his ''Naitural History'' he descrives Breetain, Ireland, an the smawer islands aff the coast, ane bein ''Vectis'' an this ane haes been identified wi the Isle o Whithorn.<ref name="Moffat">Moffat, Alistair (2014). ''Faded Map. The Lost Kingdoms of Scotland''. Edinburgh : Birlinn Ltd. {{ISBN|978-1-84158-958-9}}. P. 28.</ref> The name ''Lucopibia'' as uised bi [[Ptolemy]] haes been linkit wi Whithorn an aw.<ref name="Moffatf">Moffat, Alistair (2014). ''Faded Map. The Lost Kingdoms of Scotland''. Edinburgh : Birlinn Ltd. {{ISBN|978-1-84158-958-9}}. P. 54.</ref> This wis a haunt for smugglers an a principal herbour for lea'some tred an transport; here a body catcht the ''Countess of Galloway'', the [[steam packet]] boat that wad take a body tae [[Liverpuil]] an mebbe a passage on an emigrant ship til the [[New Warld]] or [[Australie]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/visitisle.asp |title=Marshall. Michael. "About the Isle of Whithorn", Isle of Whithorn |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2020-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408034336/http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/visitisle.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Isle Castle== [[File:Isle of Whithorn Castle.JPG|thumb|Isle Castle, Isle o Whithorn]] The Isle Castle is ane o the veelage's auldest biggins. The biggin is comparative smaw-like an is nearly square in plan, awtho the principle o an 'L'-shapit arrangement is reteent. In the early 19t century it wis the residence o the Superintendent o the Coastguard, Sir John Reid. The 'Caiptain's Gairden' is an extension intil the herbour, noo wi several hooses on it, bit oreeginal a gairden associatit wi the castle. Cried yet the Caiptain's Gairden it is wi simulatit [[man o war]] gun ports. Abuin the door o thir quarters is a stane wi the ineetials o [[Patrick Houseon o Drummaston]] an his guidwife [[Margaret Gordon]], thegither wi the date o biggin, 1674. This state haes been muived fae the auld entry door o the main biggin. The angle turrets on the seicont fluir is cairit on three plain corbels an dinna shaw at aw in the inside o the biggin.<ref>MacGibbon, T. and Ross, D. (1887&ndash;92). The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland from the 12th to the 18th centuries, 5v, Edinburgh. p. 354&ndash;356.</ref> A Gothic-style airchle wis ance attacht til the Drumelan Burn side o the castle.<ref>[http://www.francisfrith.com/isle-of-whithorn/photos/c1870_i38003/ Gothic Porch photograph]</ref> The Bysbie corn mill wis locatit on the tither side o the Drummulin Burn fae the castle an a lairge mill pownd supplied the water pouer; the mll remeens lie ahint the Queen's Airms Hottle. A [[chalybeate]] 'spa wall' wis locatit ablo the castle as shawn bi the 1850s 6-inch-til-ae-mile OS map. ==Saunt Ringan's Chaipel== [[File:St Ninians Chapel - geograph.org.uk - 867425.jpg|thumb|right|St Ringan's Chaipel]] Saunt Ringan's (St Ninian's) Chaipel wis mendit an pairtly rebuilt in 1898 bi the [[John Crichton-Stuart, 4t Marquess o Bute|Marquess o Bute]]; its main featurs wis haint. The praisent ruins is rectangular, meisurin inby 31 fit x 16.5 fit. This biggn wis likely upset tae replace a 12t tae early 13t century chaipel, whase steid wis fund durin howkins an conseestit o a nave, 17.5 fit x 16.5 fit, wi a square chancel. The chaipel stuid within a contemporar hainin waw, part of that is staundin yet. An ootby hainin micht hae ance existit, best seen in swaip sunlicht, definin a rochsome oval aurie 100 fit x 110 ft. This ootby hainin micht be o the Celtic speal. Thare is no records o the chaipel's uiss as a buirial grund.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/63096/details/isle+of+whithorn+st+ninian+s+chapel/ |title="St. Ninian's Chapel", Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2013-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231042104/http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/63096/details/isle+of+whithorn+st+ninian+s+chapel/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> St Ringan is chief myndit at Whithorn. Houiver, mony places in Scotland is associatit wi his name, sic as [[St Ringan's Isle]] in the [[River Garnock]] near [[Kilwinnin]]. He convertit the Soothren Pechts an tharefore jurneyed oothrou mony auries in soothren Scotland. ==Isle o Whithorn Tour== [[File:Signalling Tower, Isle Head - geograph.org.uk - 737196.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Tour]] The Isle's maist fameeliar laundmerk is the square, white tour that haes been a navigational aid for hunders o years.<ref>[http://wlol.arlhs.com/lighthouse/SCO357.html "The Isle of Whithorn Harbour Light", Amateur Radio Lighthouse Society]</ref> Fae here there is views o the Kirkcoubrie coast, the hale o the northren range o the English [[Lake Destrict]] muntains, an til the sooth the roondit, muntainous form o the [[Isle o Man]]. Durin [[Warld War II]] it wis the site o a trackin station for anti-aircraft gunnery practice. The arrangement wis that an aircraft flew up an doun in front o the guns, that wad try tae bring it doun. Firstly, radio-controlt 'Queen Bee' aircraft wis uised, an the flet concrete steid by the white tour on the carin, no the location o the [[Solway Harvester]] memorial stane, wis laid down for ane o the control bothys.<ref name=isleofwhithorn>{{Cite web |url=http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/tour.asp |title=Isle of Whithorn |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2020-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408034417/http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/tour.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> The memorial stane til the Solway Harvester is in the form of an anchor set in a granite block. ==Isle Heid== [[File:Isle Head, Isle of Whithorn.jpg|thumb|Isle Heid, Isle o Whithorn]] The mull is nearly cut intae twa bi Chaipel Port east an wast. The artifeecial ditch o the Auld Fort is clear veesible yet on the approach tae Isle Heid. Thare is a multivallate mull fort on Isle Head, conseestin o three rampairts an twa ditches, wi a likely fowert rampairt noo reduce't til a slicht scaur. On the seawart side o the mull is aff-an-on streetches o grummel linkin an uisin naitural ootcrops o rock; in the sootheast corner is inby an ootby faces, shawin the fittins o a waw up tae 3 yaird wide. On the levelt summit aurie is slicht hints o grummel wawin an artifeecial scaurin on the sooth an east sides; an in the nor'east corner is the possible remeens o a bothy circle.<ref name=islehead>{{Cite web |url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/63098/details/isle+head/ |title="Isle Head", Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland |access-date=2020-04-08 |archive-date=2013-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231031925/http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/63098/details/isle+head/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A smaw block o rig is clear veesible on Isle Head, lyin atween the paith leadin til the mull an the rampairts and ditch o the [[Airn Age]] fort. The furrs is line't fae nor'east tae soothwast across the mull. A witness cairn wis upset in 1997 tae commemorate the arrival o the Christian missionar [[Saunt Ringan]] tae thir shores, an pilgrimers is hertent tae place stanes wi personal messages ontil a rock cairn. Thir cairns is sitit in the remeens o a biggin uised tae hoose the Isle o Whithorn lifeboat. The lifeboat biggin haed a ruif until weel efter the Seicont Warld War, awtho the station wis closed in 1919, whan a motor lifeboat wis place't on station at Kirkcoubrie. The Lifeboat Station wis upsetten in 1869. Durin the 50 year that the lifeboat station wis operatin thare wis three lifeboats: * Charlie Peake (1869-1886) - 7 lenches an 10 lifes sauft * Henry an John Leighton (1886-1901) - 12 lenches and 22 lifes sauft * George an Margaret (1901-1919) - sax lenches and sax lifes sauft The Solway Harvester Seat is a granite-hewen moniment an is ane o twa local treebutes tae the seiven-strang local crew o the fishin boat [[Solway Harvester]] that sank in a storm aff the Isle o Man in Januar 2000. ==The herbour== [[File:Isle of Whithorn Harbour at High Tide - geograph.org.uk - 738711.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Herbour, heich tide]] [[File:Isle of Whithorn Harbour - geograph.org.uk - 214191.jpg|thumb|Isle o Whithorn Herbour, law tide]] The herbour remeens the main focal pynt o the veelage. The Isle's ain fleet is engaged in licht trawlin an lapster fishin. A nummer o leisur boats is keepit here an the Isle is increasin bein uised as a stappin aff location for pleisur traffeck sailin the wast coast, an as a lenchin site for trailer-sted boats sic as smaw anglin boats an divin RIB's.<ref name=isleofwhithorn/> A pier wis first biggit in the 16t century, bit a mair substantious structur wis biggit in 1790 tae avance commerce, sic as the tred wi [[Whitehaven]] an ither English ports.<ref>Groome, Francis (1903). ''Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland.'' London : Caxton Publishing. p. 888.</ref> In 1969 the pier was badly daimiged bi a storm an wis anely rebuilt efter a prolanged campaign bi the local people. The Perk is a skellie that rins oot fae the wast side o the mooth o Isle Bay; it can be dangerous tae boats comin intil the Isle an for mony years the end wis merkit wi an airn powl. In the 19t century the Isle haed strang tredin links with [[Ireland]] an the [[Isle o Man]] an aw, and ships wis being built as weel as sailin fae here. The ''Countess of Galloway'', a steam packet, ance raiglar sailt fae here tae [[Liverpuil]]. By the end o the 20t century tredin boats haed gien wey awmaist enteerly tae yachts an ither pleisur boats. The Wigtown Bay Sailing Club walcomes aw veesitin yachtsment whether thay arrive bi sea or bi laund wi trailert boats. The clubhoose is situatit on the herbor an has aw the uisual faceelitys. The herbour dries three oor aither side o heich watter, an thare is a dedicatit veesitors' berth at the ooter end o the quay. Thare is twa slipweys an aw for lenchin trailer boats or dinghies, ane o thaim is at the inner end o the quay an is sheltert in aw kynds o wather. The tither, that gies aiccess intil the bay, can be uised at virtual ony state o the tide. The club is acteeve ootthrou the simmer wi dinghy or cruiser races organised for maist weekends an some races mid-week.<ref name=isleofwhithorn/> An unuisual featur o the herbor wis a fish trap; a waw or dyke rinnin across pair o the upper pairt o the inlat that fankelt fish as the tied gaed oot.<ref name=isle/> this wis merkit yet as late as the 1850s on the OS map. ==''The Wicker Man''== [[File:Edward Woodward 1971.JPG|thumb|right|[[Edward Woodward]], starn o the pictur ''The Wicker Man'']] Various scenes fae the 1973 pictur ''[[The Wicker Man]]'' wis filmt in an aroond the Isle o Whithorn. The heid-hicht o the pictur wis filmt at St Ringan's Cove an on the clift-taps at [[Burrow Heid]]. The co-awner o the Isle o Whithorn Castle, Elizabeth McAdam Laughland, an several ither local people featurt in various scenes. ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category|Isle of Whithorn}} *[http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/facts.asp Isle o Whithorn Information.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408034416/http://www.isleofwhithorn.com/facts.asp |date=2020-04-08 }} *[http://www.francisfrith.com/isle-of-whithorn/photos/c1870_i38003/ Francis Frith photaes.] *[http://www.scottish-places.info/towns/townfirst3169.html Gazetteer for Scotland.] *[http://www.worldportsource.com/ports/GBR_Isle_of_Whithorn_Harbor_3812.php Herbour details] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108055128/http://www.worldportsource.com/ports/GBR_Isle_of_Whithorn_Harbor_3812.php |date=2020-01-08 }} {{authority control}} [[Category:Veelages in Dumfries an Gallowa]] [[Category:Dumfries an Gallowa]] [[Category:Places o Scotland]] {{Stub/Places o Scotland}} la85209veqf1evmjerx61nsquwcuyyf 0 180135 922679 733354 2026-09-12T11:55:19Z Cobra 3000 28371 Pit in Infobox an stub tag 922679 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Historic building|name=Allowae Touer|native_name='''Scots Gaelic: Túr Alamhagh'''|native_name_lang=gla|image=File:Alloa Tower (September 2020).jpg|building_type=Defensive structur|architectural_style=Medieval|height=68 feet|floor_count=3|owner=National Trust Scotland|designations=Category A listit biggin|material=Stane|website=https://www.nts.org.uk/visit/places/alloa-tower {{en}}|image_size=250px|caption=The touer in 2020|location=Allowae Park, [[Allowae]], [[Clackmannanshire]], FK10 1PP, Scotland|coordinates={{coord|56.1186| -3.7851|type:landmark_region:GB_scale:3000}}}}[[Image:AlloaTower.jpg|thumb|alt=Alloa Tower|right|Allowae Touer in 2006]] '''Allowae Touer''' in [[Allowae]] in central [[Scotland]] is the survivin pairt o the medieval residence o the [[Clan Erskine|Erskine]] family, later [[Yerl o Mar|Yerls o Mar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scottish-places.info/features/featurefirst6470.html|title=Alloa Tower|publisher=Gazetteer for Scotland|accessdate=29 March 2013}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{coord|56.11242|N|3.78825|W|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}} {{Stub/Scotland}} [[Category:Hooses completed in the 14t century]] [[Category:Touers completed in the 14t century]] [[Category:14t century in Scotland]] [[Category:Category A leetit biggins in Clackmannanshire]] [[Category:Castles in Clackmannanshire]] [[Category:Leetit castles in Scotland]] [[Category:National Trust for Scotland properties]] [[Category:Historic hoose museums in Clackmannanshire]] svaipt71gm359zr4a5rrcm58n861qzr 0 203078 922669 797638 2026-09-11T21:14:08Z Cobra 3000 28371 Pit in tags 922669 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Unsoorced}}{{Infobox MSP |name = Rona Mackay |honorific-suffix = [[Member o the Scots Pairlament|MSP]] | image = Rona Mackay MSP.jpg | image_size = | smallimage = <!--If this is specified, "image" should not be.--> | alt = | caption = |office = [[Member o the Scots Pairlament]]<br>for [[Strathkelvin an Beirsden (Scots Pairlament constituency)|Strathkelvin an Beirsden]] |term_start = 6 Mey 2016 |term_end = |predecessor = [[Fiona McLeod]] |successor = |majority = 8,100 |birth_date = |birth_place = |death_date = |death_place = |party = [[Scots Naitional Pairty]] |alma_mater = |website ={{URL|www.ronamackay.scot}} }} '''Rona Mackay''' is a [[Scots Naitional Pairty]] (SNP) politeecian. {{Authority control}}{{Stub/scotpol}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mackay, Rona}} [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Year o birth missin (livin fowk)]] [[Category:Female members o the Scots Pairlament]] [[Category:Scots jurnalists]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2016–]] [[Category:Scots National Pairty MSPs]] [[Category:Place o birth missin (leevin fowk)]] kujage82si8xlkfsiol7vk8m3zp52qf 4 223455 922668 922506 2026-09-11T20:47:26Z ListeriaBot 30924 Wikidata list updated [V2] 922668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT DISTINCT ?item WHERE { ?position wdt:P279 wd:Q1711695 . ?item p:P39 ?ps . ?ps ps:P39 ?position . ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q5 . } |links=red_only |thumb=100 |columns=number,label:Name,,P18,P569,P570,P19 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! number ! Name ! ! eemage ! date o birth ! date o daith ! place o birth |- | style='text-align:right'| 1 | [[Margaret Curran]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Baroness Curran crop 2, 2025.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-11-24 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 2 | [[Elaine Smith]] | | [[File:ElaineSmithMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-05-07 | | [[Coatbrig]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 3 | [[Nicol Stephen]] | | [[File:Nicol Stephen.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-03-23 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 4 | [[James Douglas-Hamilton, Baron Selkirk of Douglas]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Lord Selkirk of Douglas crop 2.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-07-31 | data-sort-value="2023" | 2023-11-28 | [[Sooth Lanrikshire]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 5 | [[Phil Gallie]] | | | data-sort-value="1939" | 1939-06-03 | data-sort-value="2011" | 2011-01-24 | [[Portsmouth]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 6 | [[Jim Wallace, Baron Wallace of Tankerness]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Lord Wallace of Tankerness crop 2, 2019.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-08-25 | data-sort-value="2026" | 2026-01-29 | [[Annan, Dumfries an Gallowa|Annan]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 7 | [[Andrew Welsh]] | | | data-sort-value="1944" | 1944-04-19 | data-sort-value="2021" | 2021-06-17 | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 8 | [[Donald Gorrie]] | | | data-sort-value="1933" | 1933-04-02 | data-sort-value="2012" | 2012-08-25 | [[Breetish Raj]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 9 | [[George Reid]] | | [[File:George Reid MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1939" | 1939-06-04 | data-sort-value="2025" | 2025-08-12 | [[Tullibody]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 10 | [[Andrew Arbuckle]] | | | data-sort-value="1944" | 1944-04-12 | data-sort-value="2025" | 2025-12-25 | [[Fife]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 11 | [[Wendy Alexander]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Baroness Alexander of Cleveden crop 2, 2025.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-06-27 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 12 | [[Andy Kerr]] | | [[File:Andy Kerr.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-03-17 | | [[East Kilbride]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 13 | [[Tommy Sheridan]] | | [[File:TommySheridan2007.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-03-07 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 14 | [[Rhona Brankin]] | | [[File:Rhona Brankin.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-01-19 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 15 | [[Sarah Boyack]] | | [[File:Sarah Boyack MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-05-16 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 16 | [[Eleanor Scott]] | | [[File:Eleanor scott (13338173734).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1951" | 1951-07-23 | | [[Innerness]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 17 | [[Johann Lamont]] | | [[File:Johann Lamont 2019.png|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-07-11 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 18 | [[Cathie Craigie]] | | [[File:Cathy Craigie.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-04-14 | | [[Stirlin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 19 | [[Jackie Baillie]] | | [[File:Official Portrait of Jackie Baillie (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-01-15 | | [[Hong Kong]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 20 | [[Annabel Goldie]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Baroness Goldie crop 2, 2024.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-02-27 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 21 | [[Susan Deacon]] | | [[File:Susan Deacon.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-02-02 | | [[Musselburrae]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 22 | [[Fergus Ewing]] | | [[File:Cabinet Secretary for the Rural Economy and Connectivity, Fergus Ewing.png|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-09-23 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 23 | [[Alex Fergusson]] | | [[File:AlexFergussonMSP20110511.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-04-08 | data-sort-value="2018" | 2018-07-31 | [[Leswalt]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 24 | [[Stewart Stevenson]] | | [[File:StewartStevensonMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1946" | 1946-10-15 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 25 | [[Rob Gibson]] | | [[File:RobGibsonMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1945" | 1945-10-10 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 26 | [[John Swinburne]] | | | data-sort-value="1930" | 1930-07-04 | data-sort-value="2017" | 2017-10-01 | [[Pennsylvanie|Pennsylvania]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 27 | [[Alasdair Morgan]] | | | data-sort-value="1945" | 1945-04-21 | | [[Aiberfeldy]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 28 | [[Cathy Jamieson]] | | [[File:Cathy Jamieson.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-11-03 | | [[Kilmaurnock]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 29 | [[Janis Hughes]] | | | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-05-01 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 30 | [[Bill Butler]] | | [[File:Bb3-billbutler.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-03-30 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 31 | [[Scott Barrie]] | | | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-03-10 | | [[St Aundraes]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 32 | [[Brian Monteith]] | | [[File:Brian Monteith MEP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-01-08 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 33 | [[Bristow Muldoon]] | | [[File:Bristow Muldoon - 2014-10-30 - Andy Mabbett.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-03-19 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 34 | [[George Lyon]] | | [[File:George Lyon MEP at Bournemouth 2009.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-07-16 | | [[Rossay]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 35 | [[Bruce McFee]] | | | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-05-18 | data-sort-value="2021" | 2021-09-09 | [[Johnstoun]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 36 | [[Cathy Peattie]] | | [[File:Cathey Peattie (Scottish politician).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1951" | 1951-11-24 | | [[Grangemooth]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 37 | [[Charlie Gordon]] | | | data-sort-value="1951" | 1951-10-28 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 38 | [[Christopher Harvie]] | | | data-sort-value="1944" | 1944-09-21 | | [[Motherwal]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 39 | [[David McLetchie]] | | [[File:DavidMcLetchieMSP20110509.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-08-06 | data-sort-value="2013" | 2013-08-12 | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 40 | [[David Stewart]] | | [[File:DaveStewartMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-05-05 | | [[Innerness]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 41 | [[Dave Thompson]] | | [[File:DaveThompsonMSP20120629.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-09-20 | | [[Lossiemooth]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 42 | [[David Whitton]] | | | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-04-22 | | [[Farfar]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 43 | [[Derek Brownlee]] | | | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-08-10 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 44 | [[Des McNulty]] | | [[File:Des McNulty.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-07-28 | | [[Stockport]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 45 | [[John Farquhar Munro]] | | [[File:Iain Fearchar Rothach aig SMO.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1934" | 1934-08-26 | data-sort-value="2014" | 2014-01-26 | [[Glen Shiel]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 46 | [[Jim Tolson]] | | [[File:Jim Tolson.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-05-26 | | [[Kirkcaldy|Kircaudy]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 47 | [[Duncan McNeil]] | | [[File:DuncanMcNeilMSP20110511.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-09-07 | | [[Greenock]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 48 | [[Mary Mulligan]] | | [[File:MaryMulligan.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-02-12 | | [[Liverpuil]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 49 | [[Marilyn Livingstone]] | | | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-09-30 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 50 | [[Marlyn Glen]] | | [[File:Marlyn-Glen.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1951" | 1951-09-30 | | [[Dundee]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 51 | [[Elaine Murray]] | | [[File:ElaineMurrayMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-12-22 | | [[Hitchin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 52 | [[Tavish Scott]] | | [[File:Tavish Scott MSP at Bournemouth.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1966" | 1966-05-06 | | [[Innerness]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 53 | [[Karen Whitefield]] | | [[File:KarenWhitefield.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-01-08 | | [[Bellshill]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 54 | [[Nora Radcliffe]] | | | data-sort-value="1946" | 1946-03-04 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 55 | [[Patricia Ferguson]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Patricia Ferguson MP crop 2.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-09-24 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 56 | [[Trish Godman]] | | | data-sort-value="1939" | 1939-10-31 | data-sort-value="2019" | 2019-07-21 | [[Gouan]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 57 | [[Paul Martin]] | | [[File:PaulMartinMSP20110511.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967-03-17 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 58 | [[Pauline McNeill]] | | [[File:Pauline McNeill.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-09-12 | | [[Paisley]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 59 | [[Peter Peacock]] | | [[File:Peter Peacock.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-05-27 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 60 | [[Richard Baker]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Richard Baker MP crop 2.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-05-29 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 61 | [[Robert Brown]] | | [[File:Robert Brown (Scottish Government).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1947" | 1947-12-25 | | [[Newcastle upon Tyne]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 62 | [[Ross Finnie]] | | [[File:Ross Finnie.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1947" | 1947-02-11 | | [[Greenock]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 63 | [[Sylvia Jackson]] | | | data-sort-value="1946" | 1946-12-03 | data-sort-value="2022" | 2022-07-27 | [[Lincolnshire]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 64 | [[Ted Brocklebank]] | | | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-09-24 | | [[St Aundraes]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 65 | [[Michael McMahon]] | | [[File:MichaelMcMahon5715448629 0404153e04 o.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-09-18 | | [[Bellshill]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 66 | [[Alex Johnstone]] | | [[File:AlexJohnstoneMSP20110509.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-07-31 | data-sort-value="2016" | 2016-12-07 | [[Steenhive|Stanehyve]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 67 | [[Allan Wilson]] | | [[File:Allan Wilson.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-08-05 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 68 | [[Hugh Henry]] | | [[File:HughHenryMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-02-12 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 69 | [[Nanette Milne]] | | [[File:NanetteMilneMSP20110509.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-04-27 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 70 | [[Tom McCabe]] | | [[File:Tom McCabe.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-04-28 | data-sort-value="2015" | 2015-04-19 | [[Hamiltoun]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 71 | [[Angus MacKay]] | | [[File:Angus MacKay.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-01 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 72 | [[Ian Jenkins]] | | | data-sort-value="1941" | 1941-03-18 | data-sort-value="2025" | 2025-07-29 | [[Rossay]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 73 | [[Rhoda Grant]] | | [[File:RhodaGrantMSP20110511.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-06-26 | | [[Stornowa]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 74 | [[Brian Fitzpatrick]] | | | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 75 | [[John Young]] | | | data-sort-value="1930" | 1930-12-21 | data-sort-value="2011" | 2011-11-03 | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 76 | [[Campbell Martin]] | | | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-03-10 | | [[Irvin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 77 | [[Chris Ballance]] | | [[File:Chris Ballance (13338189044).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-07-07 | | [[Worcester]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 78 | [[Christine May]] | | | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-03-23 | | [[Dublin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 79 | [[Shiona Baird]] | | | data-sort-value="1946" | 1946-09-14 | | [[Hereford]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 80 | [[David Davidson]] | | | data-sort-value="1943" | 1943-01-25 | data-sort-value="2024" | 2024-06-14 | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 81 | [[Dave Petrie]] | | | data-sort-value="1946" | 1946-12-10 | data-sort-value="2011" | 2011-08-31 | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 82 | [[Dennis Canavan]] | | [[File:EET Scotland’s Economic Future Post-2014.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-08-08 | | [[Coudenbeith]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 83 | [[Maureen Macmillan]] | | | data-sort-value="1943" | 1943-02-09 | | [[Oban]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 84 | [[Euan Robson]] | | [[File:Euan Robson.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-02-17 | | [[Northren Ingland]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 85 | [[Helen Eadie]] | | [[File:HelenEadieMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1947" | 1947-03-07 | data-sort-value="2013" | 2013-11-09 | [[Stanehoosemuir|Stennie]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 86 | [[Mike Rumbles]] | | [[File:Mike Rumbles.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-06-10 | | [[South Shields]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 87 | [[Gordon Jackson]] | | [[File:GJ losing.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-08-05 | | [[Ardrussan]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 88 | [[Rosemary Byrne]] | | | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-03-03 | | [[Irvin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 89 | [[Frank McAveety]] | | [[File:Frank McAveety MSP (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-07-27 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 90 | [[Mark Ballard]] | | [[File:Mark B smart smile.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1971" | 1971-06-27 | | [[Leeds]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 91 | [[Iain Smith]] | | [[File:Iain smith.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-05-01 | | [[Gateside]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 92 | [[Alasdair Morrison]] | | | data-sort-value="1968" | 1968-11-18 | | [[Stornowa]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 93 | [[Irene Oldfather]] | | [[File:Irene Oldfather 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 94 | [[Jamie McGrigor]] | | [[File:JamieMcGrigorMSP20110509.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-10-19 | data-sort-value="2025" | 2025-07-20 | [[Lunnon]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 95 | [[Jean Turner]] | | | data-sort-value="1939" | 1939-12-23 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 96 | [[Jeremy Purvis]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Lord Purvis of Tweed crop 2.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-01-15 | | [[Berrick|Berik]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 97 | [[John Home Robertson]] | | [[File:Johnhomerobertson.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-12-05 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 98 | [[John Scott]] | | [[File:JohnScottMSP20110509.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1951" | 1951-06-07 | | [[Ayr]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 99 | [[Karen Gillon]] | | [[File:KarenGillon.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967-08-18 | | [[Jethart]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 100 | [[Kate Maclean]] | | | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-02-16 | | [[Dundee]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 101 | [[Keith Raffan]] | | | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-06-21 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 102 | [[Lewis Macdonald]] | | [[File:LewisMacdonaldMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-01-01 | | [[Stornowa]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 103 | [[Malcolm Chisholm]] | | [[File:Malcolm Chisholm.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-03-07 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 104 | [[Margaret Jamieson]] | | | data-sort-value="1953" | 1953 | | [[Kilmaurnock]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 105 | [[Margaret Mitchell]] | | [[File:MargaretMitchellMSP20120529.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-11-15 | | [[Coatbrig]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 106 | [[Margaret Smith]] | | [[File:Margaret-SmithMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-02-18 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 107 | [[Mark Ruskell]] | | [[File:MarkRuskellMSP-May2016.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972-05-14 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 108 | [[Mary Scanlon]] | | [[File:MaryScanlonMSP20110509.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1947" | 1947-05-25 | | [[Dundee]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 109 | [[Mike Watson, Baron Watson of Invergowrie]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Lord Watson of Invergowrie crop 2, 2020.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-05-01 | | [[Cammuslang]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 110 | [[Mike Pringle]] | | | data-sort-value="1945" | 1945-12-25 | | [[Northern Rhodesia]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 111 | [[Murdo Fraser]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Murdo Fraser MSP (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-09-05 | | [[Innerness]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 112 | [[Murray Tosh]] | | | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-09-01 | | [[Ayr]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 113 | [[Ben Wallace]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Rt Hon Ben Wallace MP crop 2.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-05-15 | | [[Farnborough]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 114 | [[Henry McLeish]] | | [[File:Official Portrait of Henry McLeish, 2000.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-06-15 | | [[Methul]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 115 | [[Colin Campbell]] | | | data-sort-value="1938" | 1938-08-31 | | [[Paisley]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 116 | [[Dorothy-Grace Elder]] | | | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-08-11 | | [[Dundee]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 117 | [[Duncan Hamilton]] | | | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973 | | [[Irvin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 118 | [[Elaine Thomson]] | | | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957 | | [[Innerness]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 119 | [[John McAllion]] | | | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-02-13 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 120 | [[Lyndsay McIntosh]] | | | data-sort-value="1955" | 1955 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 121 | [[Fiona McLeod]] | | [[File:FionaMcLeodMSP20110507.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-12-03 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 122 | [[Iain Gray]] | | [[File:IainGrayMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-06-07 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 123 | [[Ian Welsh]] | | | data-sort-value="1953" | 1953-11-23 | | [[Preswick]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 124 | [[Lloyd Quinan]] | | | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 125 | [[Irene McGugan]] | | | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952 | | [[Angus]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 126 | [[Kay Ullrich]] | | [[File:Kay Ullrich.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1943" | 1943-05-05 | data-sort-value="2021" | 2021-01-04 | [[Preswick]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 127 | [[Keith Harding]] | | | data-sort-value="1938" | 1938-11-21 | data-sort-value="2021" | 2021-11-15 | [[Chipping Norton]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 128 | [[Michael Russell]] | | [[File:Mike Russell SNP Conference.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1953" | 1953-08-09 | | [[Bromley]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 129 | [[Nick Johnston]] | | | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-01-05 | | [[Filey]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 130 | [[Richard Simpson]] | | [[File:RichardSimpsonMSP20110511.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-10-22 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 131 | [[Sam Galbraith]] | | [[File:Sam Galbraith MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1945" | 1945-10-18 | data-sort-value="2014" | 2014-08-18 | [[Clitheroe]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 132 | [[Andrew Wilson]] | | | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970 | | [[Lanrik]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 133 | [[Nigel Don]] | | [[File:NigelDonMSP20110507.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-04-16 | | [[London Borough of Sutton]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 134 | [[Bashir Ahmad]] | | | data-sort-value="1940" | 1940-02-12 | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-02-06 | [[Amritsar]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 135 | [[Bill Kidd]] | | [[File:BillKiddMSP20070509.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-07-24 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 136 | [[Bill Wilson]] | | | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-12-11 | | [[Paisley]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 137 | [[Bob Doris]] | | [[File:BobDorisMSP20110507.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-05-11 | | [[Vale of Leven]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 138 | [[Chic Brodie]] | | [[File:Chic Brodie.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1944" | 1944-05-08 | data-sort-value="2022" | 2022-09-24 | [[Dundee]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 139 | [[Claudia Beamish]] | | [[File:ClaudiaBeamishMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-08-09 | | [[Lunnon]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 140 | [[Colin Beattie]] | | [[File:Colin Beattie.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1951" | 1951-10-17 | | [[Farfar]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 141 | [[Dennis Robertson]] | | [[File:DennisRobertson20120627.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-08-14 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 142 | [[Drew Smith]] | | [[File:DrewSmithMSP20110614.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 20th century | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 143 | [[Graeme Dey]] | | [[File:GraemeDeyMSP20110507.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-10-29 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 144 | [[Gavin Brown]] | | [[File:Gavin Brown.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-06-04 | | [[Kirkcaldy|Kircaudy]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 145 | [[James Kelly]] | | [[File:JamesKellyMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-10-23 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 146 | [[Gordon MacDonald]] | | [[File:GordonMacDonaldMSP20120529.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-01-02 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 147 | [[Graeme Pearson]] | | [[File:GraemePearsonMSP20110508.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-04-01 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 148 | [[Neil Bibby]] | | [[File:Neil Bibby.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-09-06 | | [[Paisley]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 149 | [[Hanzala Malik]] | | [[File:HanzalaMalikMSP20110601.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-11-26 | data-sort-value="2023" | 2023-12-14 | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 150 | [[Margaret McCulloch]] | | [[File:Margaret McCulloch.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-05-09 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 151 | [[Jean Urquhart]] | | [[File:JeanUrquhartMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-05-17 | | [[Wast Lowden]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 152 | [[Jenny Marra]] | | [[File:Jenny Marra MSP.png|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-11-06 | | [[Dundee]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 153 | [[Jim Eadie]] | | [[File:JimEadieMSP20110509.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1968" | 1968-02-10 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 154 | [[Jim Hume]] | | [[File:JimHumeMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-11-04 | | [[Peebles]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 155 | [[John Lamont]] | | [[File:Official portrait of John Lamont MP crop 2, 2024.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1976" | 1976-04-15 | | [[Kilwinnin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 156 | [[John Park]] | | [[File:John-Park-MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-09-14 | | [[Dunfaurlin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 157 | [[John Pentland]] | | [[File:JohnPentlandMSP20110508.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1946" | 1946-12-24 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 158 | [[John Wilson]] | | [[File:JohnWilsonMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-11-28 | | [[Fawkirk]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 159 | [[Siobhan McMahon]] | | [[File:SiobhanMcMahonMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-07-04 | | [[Bellshill]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 160 | [[Marco Biagi]] | | [[File:Marco Biagi.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-07-31 | | [[The Vale]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 161 | [[Margaret McDougall]] | | [[File:MargaretMcDougallMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-01-23 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 162 | [[Mark Griffin]] | | [[File:Mark-Griffin-MSP-closeup.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985-10-19 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 163 | [[Mary Fee]] | | [[File:MaryFeeMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-03-23 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 164 | [[Mike MacKenzie]] | | [[File:MikeMacKenzieMSP20110509.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-11-18 | | [[Oban]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 165 | [[Paul Wheelhouse]] | | [[File:PaulWheelhouseMSP20110507.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-06-22 | | [[Bilfawst|Belfast]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 166 | [[Alison Johnstone]] | | [[File:Alison Johnstone 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-10-11 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 167 | [[Alison McInnes]] | | [[File:AlisonMcInnesMSP20110511.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-07-17 | | [[Irvin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 168 | [[Cara Hilton]] | | [[File:Cara Hilton.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975 | | [[Grangemooth]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 169 | [[Cameron Buchanan]] | | [[File:CameronBuchananMSP20140129.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1946" | 1946-09 | data-sort-value="2023" | 2023-06-24 | [[Woking]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 170 | [[Alex Rowley]] | | [[File:AlexRowleyMSP.png|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-11-30 | | [[Dunfaurlin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 171 | [[Lesley Brennan]] | | [[File:Lesley Brennan.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 172 | [[Ian McKee]] | | | data-sort-value="1940" | 1940-04-02 | | [[South Shields]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 173 | [[Liz Smith]] | | [[File:ElizabethSmithMSP20110508.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-02-27 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 174 | [[Claire Baker]] | | [[File:ClaireBakerMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1971" | 1971-03-04 | | [[Dunfaurlin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 175 | [[George Foulkes, Baron Foulkes of Cumnock]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Lord Foulkes of Cumnock crop 2, 2019.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-21 | | [[Oswestry]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 176 | [[Hugh O'Donnell]] | | | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-05-01 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 177 | [[Stefan Tymkewycz]] | | | data-sort-value="1959" | 1959-09-18 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 178 | [[Margaret Burgess]] | | [[File:Margaret Burgess.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-12-07 | | [[Ayrshire]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 179 | [[James Dornan]] | | [[File:JamesDornanMSP20110507.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1953" | 1953-03-17 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 180 | [[Joan McAlpine]] | | [[File:JoanMcAlpineMSP20120529.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-01-28 | | [[Gourock]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 181 | [[Angus MacDonald]] | | [[File:AngusMacDonaldMSP20110510.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-10-11 | | [[Stornowa]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 182 | [[Anne McTaggart]] | | [[File:AnneMcTaggartMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-01-30 | | [[Coatbrig]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 183 | [[Bill Walker]] | | [[File:BillWalkerMSP20110720.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-03-31 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 184 | [[Neil Findlay]] | | [[File:NeilFindlayMSPPortrait.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-03-06 | | [[Brocksburn]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 185 | [[Roderick Campbell]] | | [[File:RoderickCampbellMSP20110511.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1953" | 1953-06-15 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 186 | [[Colin Keir]] | | [[File:ColinKeirMSP20110507.JPG|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1959" | 1959-12-09 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 187 | [[Jayne Baxter]] | | [[File:JayneBaxterMSP20121211.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1955" | 1955-11-05 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 188 | [[Brian Whittle]] | | [[File:BrianWhittleMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-04-26 | | [[Ayr]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 189 | [[Rachael Hamilton]] | | [[File:Rachel Hamilton MSP.png|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-09 | | [[Herefordshire]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 190 | [[Oliver Mundell]] | | [[File:Oliver Mundell 2016.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-12-01 | | [[Irvin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 191 | [[Finlay Carson]] | | [[File:FinlayCarsonMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967-10-18 | | [[Twynham, Dumfries an Gallowa|Twynham]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 192 | [[Gordon Lindhurst]] | | [[File:Gordon Lindhurst MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967-07-02 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 193 | [[Ross Greer]] | | [[File:Ross Greer, October 2022.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-06-01 | | [[Easter Kirkpatrick|Bearsden]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 194 | [[Alexander Burnett]] | | [[File:Alexander Burnett.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-07-30 | | [[Banchry]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 195 | [[Ross Thomson]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Ross Thomson crop 2.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-09-21 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 196 | [[Colin Smyth]] | | [[File:Colin Smyth MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 197 | [[Kate Forbes]] | | [[File:Deputy First Minister - designate and Cabinet Secretary for Economy and Gaelic - designate, Kate Forbes (53707856301) (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-04-06 | | [[Dingwal]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 198 | [[Edward Mountain]] | | [[File:Official Portrait of Edward Mountain MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-03-19 | | [[Moray]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 199 | [[Jamie Greene]] | | [[File:JamieGreeneMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-03-19 | | [[Greenock]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 200 | [[Maurice Golden]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Maurice Golden MSP (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-01-12 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 201 | [[Maurice Corry]] | | [[File:MauriceCorryMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-06 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 202 | [[Monica Lennon]] | | [[File:MonicaLennonMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-01 | | [[Bellshill]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 203 | [[Alison Harris]] | | [[File:AlisonHarrisMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-07-23 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 204 | [[Graham Simpson]] | | [[File:Harry Cavanagh meeting Graham Simpson MSP, 2025 (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972-05 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 205 | [[Alex Cole-Hamilton]] | | [[File:AlexCole-HamiltonMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-07-22 | | [[Hertfordshire]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 206 | [[Ash Regan]] | | [[File:Ash Denham MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-03-08 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 207 | [[Ben Macpherson]] | | [[File:BenMacphersonMSP-May2016.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1980s | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 208 | [[Ivan McKee]] | | [[File:Ivan McKee MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-09 | | [[Milligs Mill]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 209 | [[Annie Wells]] | | [[File:AnnieWellsMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972-02-24 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 210 | [[Daniel Johnson]] | | [[File:David Johnson MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-09-03 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 211 | [[Peter Chapman]] | | [[File:Peter Chapman.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-05-13 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 212 | [[Miles Briggs]] | | [[File:Miles Briggs.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-03-30 | | [[Preston]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 213 | [[Donald Cameron]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Lord Cameron of Lochiel crop 2, 2024.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1976" | 1976-11-26 | | [[St Mary's Hospital]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 214 | [[Liam Kerr]] | | [[File:Liam Kerr MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-01-23 | | [[Chester]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 215 | [[Jeremy Balfour]] | | [[File:Jeremy Balfour MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967-03-11 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 216 | [[Bill Bowman]] | | | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-05-30 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 217 | [[Michelle Ballantyne]] | | [[File:MichelleBallantyneMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-11-28 | | [[Ashton-under-Lyne]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 218 | [[Jamie Halcro Johnston]] | | [[File:JamieHalcroJohnstonMSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-10-08 | | [[Oxford]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 219 | [[Tom Mason]] | | [[File:Tom Mason MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-12-31 | | [[Bishop's Stortford]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 220 | [[Beatrice Wishart]] | | [[File:Beatrice Wishart MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1955" | 1955 | | [[Lerook]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 221 | [[Jackie Dunbar]] | | [[File:Jackie Dunbar MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | | | [[Peterheid]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 222 | [[Marie McNair]] | | [[File:Marie McNair 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975<br/>1976 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 223 | [[Paul McLennan]] | | [[File:Minister for Housing Paul McLennan (52781732883) (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1966" | 1966 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 224 | [[Collette Stevenson]] | | [[File:Collette Stevenson 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-03-15 | | [[East Kilbride]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 225 | [[Evelyn Tweed]] | | [[File:Official Portrait of Evelyn Tweed MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967 | | [[Ayr]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 226 | [[Natalie Don]] | | [[File:Natalie Don MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-02-12 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 227 | [[Katy Clark]] | | [[File:Katy Clark MP.jpeg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967-07-03 | | [[Kilwinnin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 228 | [[Foysol Choudhury]] | | [[File:Foysol Choudhury MBE.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-01-05 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 229 | [[Michelle Thomson]] | | [[File:Michelle Thomson 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-03-11 | | [[Easter Kirkpatrick|Bearsden]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 230 | [[Martin Whitfield]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Martin Whitfield crop 2.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965 | | [[Newcastle upon Tyne]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 231 | [[Jenni Minto]] | | [[File:Jenni Minto 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1968" | 1968-11 | | [[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 232 | [[Audrey Nicoll]] | | [[File:Audrey Nicoll MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 233 | [[Jim Fairlie]] | | [[File:Minister for Agriculture and Connectivity - Jim Fairlie.jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 234 | [[Stephanie Callaghan]] | | [[File:Stephanie Callaghan MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1971" | 1971 | | [[Hamiltoun]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 235 | [[Elena Whitham]] | | [[File:Official 2023 government portrait of Elena Whitham.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974 | | [[Kilmaurnock]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 236 | [[Kaukab Stewart]] | | [[File:Kaukab Stewart 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967<br/>1968 | | [[Pakistan]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 237 | [[Emma Roddick]] | | [[File:Emma Roddick 2021 (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-07-30 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 238 | [[Sandesh Gulhane]] | | | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-01-22 | | [[Lunnon]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 239 | [[Mercedes Villalba]] | | [[File:Mercedes Villalba 2026 (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989 | | [[Bristol]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 240 | [[Sue Webber]] | | [[File:Sue Webber 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 241 | [[Michael Marra]] | | [[File:Michael Marra 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-02-17 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 242 | [[Paul O'Kane]] | | [[File:Paul O'Kane 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-03-21 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 243 | [[Karen Adam]] | | [[File:Karen Adam MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-06-07 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 244 | [[Sharon Dowey]] | | [[File:Sharon Dowey MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969<br/>1970 | | [[Girvan]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 245 | [[Davy Russell]] | | [[File:Davy Russell at the Scottish Parliament (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960s<br/>1962 | | [[Quarter]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 246 | [[Calum Kerr]] | | | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972-04-05 | | [[Gallae]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 247 | [[Heather Anderson]] | | [[File:Heather Anderson official portrait as an MEP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1959" | 1959-01-31 | | [[Dundee]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 248 | [[Gillian Mackay]] | | [[File:Gillian Mackay 2026 (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991 | | [[Fawkirk]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 249 | [[Ariane Burgess]] | | [[File:Ariane Burgess MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-11-20 | | [[Edinburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 250 | [[Meghan Gallacher]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Meghan Gallacher MSP (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-01-17 | | [[Bellshill]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 251 | [[Craig Hoy]] | | [[File:Craig Hoy 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 252 | [[Douglas Lumsden]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Douglas Lumsden MP (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1971" | 1971-08 | | [[Aiberdeen]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 253 | [[Carol Mochan]] | | [[File:Carol Mochan MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 254 | [[Màiri McAllan]] | | [[File:Official portrait of net zero secretary Màiri McAllan (cropped 1).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-02-14 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 255 | [[Malcolm Offord]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Lord Offord of Garvel crop 2, 2025.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-09-05 | | [[Greenock]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 256 | [[David Smith]] | | | | | [[Cardiff–South Wales Valleys metropolitan area]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 257 | [[Jenny Young]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 258 | [[James Adams]] | | [[File:Official portrait of James Adams MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992 | | [[Fraserburgh]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 259 | [[Alex Kerr]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 260 | [[Laura Mitchell]] | | | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-05 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 261 | [[Kate Nevens]] | | [[File:Kate Nevens, Official MSP Portrait.png|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 262 | [[Roz McCall]] | | [[File:Roz Mccall In Dunfermline.jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 263 | [[Pam Duncan-Glancy]] | | [[File:Pam Duncan-Glancy MSP.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-11-02 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 264 | [[Pam Gosal]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Pam Gosal MSP (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 265 | [[Tess White]] | | [[File:Tess White 2021.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-02-18 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 266 | [[Thomas Kerr]] | | [[File:Thomas Kerr Official MSP portrait 2026 (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996 | | [[Glesga]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 267 | [[Mark Simpson]] | | | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-11-30 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 268 | [[Laura Moodie]] | | | data-sort-value="1978" | 1978 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 269 | [[Colm Merrick]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 270 | [[Julie MacDougall]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 271 | [[Katherine Sangster]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 272 | [[Tim Eagle]] | | [[File:Tim eagle 24.jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 273 | [[David Kirkwood]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 274 | [[Holly Bruce]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 275 | [[Irshad Ahmed]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Irshad Ahmed MSP (cropped).png|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 276 | [[Michelle Campbell]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Michelle Campbell (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 277 | [[Adam Harley]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 278 | [[Simita Kumar]] | | [[File:Equalities & International Development Minister - 55282125442.jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 279 | [[Iris Duane]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Iris Duane MSP (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 280 | [[Duncan Dunlop]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 281 | [[Cara McKee]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 282 | [[Helen McDade]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 283 | [[Q Manivannan]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Q Manivannan MSP (cropped).png|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996<br/>1997 | | [[Tamil Nadu]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 284 | [[Katie Hagmann]] | | [[File:Katie Hagmann, Official MSP Portrait (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-04 | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 285 | [[Jack Middleton]] | | [[File:Jack Middleton, Official MSP Portrait (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 286 | [[Zen Ghani]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 287 | [[Sanne Dijkstra-Downie]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Sanne Dijkstra-Downie (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 288 | [[Duncan Massey]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 289 | [[Yi-pei Chou Turvey]] | | | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981 | | [[Taiwan (kintra)|Taiwan]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 290 | [[Kayleigh Kinross-O'Neill]] | | [[File:Kayleigh Kinross-O'Neill, Official MSP Portrait.png|center|100px]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-03-01 | | [[Motherwal]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 291 | [[Angela Ross]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Angela Ross MSP (cropped).png|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 292 | [[Amanda Bland]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Amanda Bland (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 293 | [[Hannah Mary Goodlad]] | | [[File:Hannah Mary Goodlad Scottish Parliament Portrait 2026.jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 294 | [[Jamie Langan]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 295 | [[Kim Schmulian]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 296 | [[Lloyd Melville]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 297 | [[Senga Beresford]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Senga Beresford (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 298 | [[Mandy Lindsay]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 299 | [[Max Bannerman]] | | [[File:Official portrait of Max Bannerman MSP (cropped).png|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 300 | [[Kristopher Leask]] | | [[File:Kristopher Leask, Official MSP Portrait.png|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 301 | [[Vic Currie]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 302 | [[Morven-May MacCallum]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 303 | [[Dawn Black]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 304 | [[Kate Campbell]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 305 | [[David Barratt]] | | [[File:Official portrait of David Barratt MSP 2026 (cropped).jpg|center|100px]] | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 306 | [[Gary Bouse]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 307 | [[Andrew Baxter]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 308 | [[Donald MacKinnon]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 309 | [[Joe Fagan]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 310 | [[David Green]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 311 | [[Joe Long]] | | | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 312 | [[Pauline Stafford]] | | | | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 3966u5kmg72ra2jxwbh6r4wtpiqiyme 0 225576 922677 809401 2026-09-12T06:42:54Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922677 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Hershaw''' (born [[Newport on Tey]], [[Fife]], [[19 Mairch]] [[1957]]) is a Scots makar, [[playwricht]], [[muisicker]] and [[Scots leid]] activist. Hershaw's foremaist collect o poyetrie, ''The Cowdenbeath Man'', (Scottish Cultural Press, 1998) wis a serie of [[Elegy|elegies]] scrieved anent the clyte o the coal minin industrie in [[Central Fife]]. He wan the Callum MacDonald Memorial Award fur ''Winter Song'' in 2005, an The McCash Prize for Scots Poetry in 2011. In 2012 he reconvened The Bowhill Players (a drama company first foonded bi playwricht Joe Corrie durin the [[General Strike o 1926]]) as a muisical ensemble performin at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, scrievin new muisical settins fur Corrie's poyetrie. His maist recent wark haes a Scots version of ''[[The Tempest]]'' and ''Michael'' (both 2015), a ballant play anent the medieval [[polymath]] [[Michael Scot]] o Balwearie.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scottishpoetrylibrary.org.uk|title=Home - Scottish Poetry Library|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scottishbooktrust.com/profile-author/116077|title=Author details - Scottish Book Trust|publisher=|access-date=2020-10-15|archive-date=2019-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806042544/http://www.scottishbooktrust.com/profile-author/116077|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Bibliography: Poetry Collections: Four Fife Poets/Fower Brigs Ti A Kinrick (with John Brewster, Harvey Holton, Tom Hubbard, Harvey Holton), Aberdeen University Press, 1988; The Cowdenbeath Man ,Scottish Cultural Press, 1997; {{ISBN|1 898218 68 4}} Fifty Fife Sonnets/Makars, Akros Publications, 2005 Johnny Aathin, Windfall Publications, 2010; {{ISBN|978 0 9557264 3 9}} Happyland, Fras Publications, 2011 Postcairds Fae Woodwick Mill, Orkney Poems in Scots, Grace Note, 2015, {{ISBN|978-1-907676-62-8}} Stars are the Aisles, Neepheid Press, 2016, {{ISBN|978-0-9956504-0-4}}; Buirds, Roncadora Press, 2017 Selected Poetry Anthologies: Dream State - The New Scottish Poets, Polygon, 1994; Scotlands - Poets and the Nation, Carcanet, 2004; Skein of Geese - Poems from the 2008 Stanza Festival, Stanza Publications; The Smeddum Test, 21st Century Poems in Scots, Kennedy and Boyd, 2012; Scotia Nova, Luath Press, 2014 Drama: The Tempest, translated in Scots, Grace Note, 2016, {{ISBN|978-1-907676-75-8}} Michael Scot of Balwearie, A Ballad Play in Scots, Grace Note, 2016, {{ISBN|978-1-907676-76-5}} The Iolaire,, Bòrd na Gàidhlig, 2016 Jennie Lee’s History Project,, Grace Note, 2017 Novel: Tammy Norrie, The House Daemon Of Seahouses, Grace Note Publications, 2014, {{ISBN|978-1-907676-43-7}} Music: A Fish Laid At The Door, Dances With Whippets Records/Birnam CD; 2002 A Song Cycle For Craigencalt Ecology Centre, Dances With Whippets Records/Birnam CD; 2009 Cage Load Of Men - The Joe Corrie Project, Bowhill Players, Fife Council/Fras Publications/ Birnam CD; 2013 Education: Teaching Scots Language, Learning Teaching Scotland, 2002; Scots Language and Literature - Examples and Activities, Learning Teaching Scotland, 2002.</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1957 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Scots poets]] bye2dk2iaf9nl4zgiw72c2xnsvsy10b 0 232344 922678 921094 2026-09-12T10:07:43Z PurpleDinosaur585 129975 922678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Government of France atween 1870 and 1940}} {{Infobox country | native_name = {{lang|fr|République française}} | conventional_long_name = Republic of France | common_name = France | image_flag = Flag of France.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of the III French Republic.svg | flag_border = aye | national_motto = {{Lang|fr|[[Liberté, égalité, fraternité]]}}<br/>("Liberty, Equality, Fraternity") | national_anthem = {{Lang|fr|[[La Marseillaise]]}}{{Center|[[File:La Marseillaise (1914 Recording).ogg]]}} | image_map2_size = 250px | image_map = French Republic 1939.svg | image_map_caption = The Republic of France in August 1939 {{Plainlist| *{{Legend|#336733|Metropolitan France}} *{{Legend|#48a448|French protectorates}} }} | image_map2 = France 1939.png | image_map2_caption = Launds and auchts of the Republic in 1939 {{Plainlist| *'''Dairk blue:''' [[Metropolitan France|Metropolitan territory]] *'''Licht blue:''' [[French colonial empire|Colonies]], [[League of Nations mandate|mandates]], and [[Protectorate#Protectorate|protectorates]] }} | largest_city = capital | capital = [[Pairis]] | coordinates = {{Coord|48|52|13|N|02|18|59|E|type:country|display=inline,title}} | common_languages = [[the French leid|French]] (official)<br>[[Gallo-Romance langages|Gallo-Romance]]<br>[[Occitano-Romance]]<br>[[Gallo-Italic]] | religion = {{Plainlist| *[[Roman Catholicism]] ([[Concordat of 1801]] ontil 1905) *[[Protestantism]] **[[Calvinism]] **[[Lutheranism]] *[[Judaism]] *[[Islam]] }} | government_type = [[Unitary pairliamentary republic]] * (unner a [[interlocutory government]] {{small|''(4 September 1870 tae 13 Februar 1871)''}}) | title_leader = [[Praisident of France|Praisident]] | leader1 = [[Louis-Jules Trochu]] | year_leader1 = 1870–1871 (''foremaist'') | leader2 = [[Albert Lebrun]] | year_leader2 = 1932–1940 (''hindmaist'') | title_deputy = [[List of Prime Ministers of France|Prime Minister]] | deputy1 = [[Louis Jules Trochu]] | year_deputy1 = 1870–1871 (''foremaist'') | deputy2 = [[Paul Reynaud]] | year_deputy2 = 1940 (''hindmaist'') | legislature = [[Pairliament of France|Pairliament]] | house1 = [[Senate of France|Senate]] | house2 = [[Chaumer of Deputes of France|Chaumer of Deputes]] | stat_year1 = 1870 | stat_year2 = 1894 (Metropolitan France) | stat_area2 = 536464 | stat_year3 = 1938 (as weel as colonies) | stat_pop3 = 150,000,000<ref>{{Cite book |first=Herbert Ingram |last=Priestley |title=France overseas: A Study of Modern Imperialism |date=1938 |pages=440–441}}</ref> | stat_area3 = 13500000{{Sfn|Aldrich|1996|p=304}}<ref>{{cite book |editor-first=Melvin E. |editor-last=Page |title=Colonialism: An International Social, Cultural, and Political Encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qFTHBoRvQbsC&pg=PA218 |year=2003 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |page=218 |isbn=9781576073353 |access-date=23 December 2021 |archive-date=19 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119170748/https://books.google.com/books?id=qFTHBoRvQbsC&pg=PA218 |url-status=live }}</ref> | currency = [[French franc]] |type_house1=Ower Hous|type_house2=Lawer Hous}} The '''Third Republic of France''' (French: ''Troisième République'', whiles written as ''La III^e République'') wis the system of government adoptit in [[Fraunce|France]] frae 4 September 1870, whan the [[Seicont French Empire|Saicont Empire of France]] collapsed durin the Franco-Prussian Weir, or 10 Julie 1940, efter the Faw of France in [[Warld War II|Warld Weir II]] resultit in the foundin of the Vichy government. The Third Republic of France wis a [[Pairlamentary republic|pairliamentary republic]]. The airly days of the Third Republic of France wir dominatit bi political stramash brocht on wi the Franco-Prussian Weir of 1870-1871, whilk the Third Republic keepit up efter the faw of Emperor [[Napoleon III]] in 1870. Social squabash and the Pairis Commune preceidit the hindmaist defait. The [[German Empire|Empire of Germany]], made kent bi the invaders in the [[Pailace o Versailles|Pailace of Versailles]], teuk the pairts of France kent as [[Alsace]] (keepin the [[Territoire de Belfort]]) and [[Lorraine (region)|Lorraine]] (the nor-aest pairt, kent the day as the {{interleid airtin|depairtment of Moselle|en|Moselle}}. The airly governments of the Third Republic of France considered re-foundin the monarchy, but disagreeances as tae the naitur of thon monarchy and the richtfu beirer of the croun cuidna be sattle’t. Ower the heids of this, the Third Republic, oreiginally ettled tae be an {{interleid airtin|interlocutory government|en|Provisional_government}}, insteid became the permanent form of government in France. The French constitutional laws of 1875 laid doun the mak-up of the Third Republic. It wis made up of a Chaumer of Deputes and a Senate tae mak the law-makkin brainch of government and a praisident tae sair as heid of state. Caws for the re-foundin of the monarchy dominatit the offices of the first twa praisidents, {{interleid airtin|Adolphe Thiers|en|Adolphe Thiers}} and {{interleid airtin|Patrice de MacMahon|en|Patrice de MacMahon}}. Housomever, growin support for the republican form of government amang the French popular and a tring of republican praisidents in the 1880s slawly smoored howps of a restauration wi the republic bein seen as, in the wirds of Thiers, “the form of government that divides us the laest”. The Third Republic estaiblished a fouth of [[French colonial empire|French colonial auchts]], amang thaim {{interleid airtin|French Indochina|en|French Indochina}}, {{interleid airtin|French Madagascar|en|French Madagascar}}, [[French Polynesie|French Polynesia]], and muckle territories in {{interleid airtin|Wast Africa|en|French_West_Africa}} durin the {{interleid airtin|Scramble for Africa|en|Scramble for Africa}}, aw of thaim gotten in the hindmaist twa decades of the 19t century. The airly years of the 20t century wir dominatit bi the {{interleid airtin|Democratic Republican Alliance|en|Democratic_Republican_Alliance}}, whilk stertit aff as a centre-left political alliance, but ower time became the main centre-richt pairty. The period frae the stert of [[Warld War I|Warld Weir I]] tae the late 1930s featured shairply polarised politics, atween the Democratic Republic Alliance and the {{interleid airtin|Radicals|en|Radical_Party_(France)}}. The government fell less nor a year efter the oncome of Warld Weir II, whan the Nazis occupied the feck of France, and wis replaced bi the rival governments of [[Charles de Gaulle]]’s Free France ((''La France libre'') and [[Philippe Pétain]]'s [[French State]] (''L'État français''). Out-throu the 19t and 20t centuries, the colonial empire of France wis the saicont mucklest colonial empire in the warld anely ahint the [[Breetish Empire|Empire of Britain]]; it raxed ower 13,500,000 km² (5,200,000 sq mi) of land at its heicht in the 1920s and 1930s. Journalist Raymond Recouly wrate in 1931 that of aw the Pouers in Europe, anely France cuid offer baith a sonsie metropolitan and colonial militar career.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Recouly|first=R.|title=Joffre|publisher=[[Éditions des Portiques]]|year=1931|location=Paris}}</ref> In terms of population houaniver, on the eve of Warld Weir II, France and its colonial auchts totted anely 150 million indwallers, forbye 330 million for [[Breetish Indie|British India]] alane. Adolphe Thiers cried republicanism in the 1870s “the form of government that divides France the laest”; housomever, the politics unner the Third Republic wis shairply polarised. On the left stuid reformist France, heir tae the [[French Revolution]]. On the richt stuid conservative France, ruitit in the paisantry, the [[Catholic Kirk]], and the airmy.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Maurice|first=Larkin|title=Religion, Politics and Preferment in France since 1890: La Belle Époque and its Legacy|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2002|isbn=978-0-521-52270-0|pages=3}}</ref> Maugre France’s shairply dividit electorate and constant ettles tae whummle it, the Third Republic held on for 70 year, whilk maks it the langest-lestin system of government in France syne the faw of the ''[[Ancien Régime]]'' in 1789.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Fitzsimmons|first=Michael P.|title="The Night the Old Regime Ended: August 4, 1789 and the French Revolution|publisher=[[Penn State University Press]]}}</ref> == References == [[Category:French Third Republic|French Third Republic]] [[Category:Historie|Historie]] [[Category:Fraunce|Fraunce]] hzycyicrqk3urxdq5pk8tucjlcwjzaw 0 233346 922657 915408 2026-09-11T12:22:08Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 922657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox bodie |name= Iris Mittenaere |image= Iris Mittenaere 2016.05.07 (cropped1).jpg |caption= Mittenaere in 2016 |birth_date= {{birth date and age|1993|01|25}} |birth_place= [[Lille]], Fraunce |alma mater= [[Varsity o Lille]] |occupation= {{hlist|Model|beauty pageant teetlehauder}} |height= {{height|m=1.72}}<ref>{{cite web|language=fr|title=Iris Mittenaere : Miss Nord-Pas-de-Calais, relève de Camille Cerf, est une bombe|url=http://www.purepeople.com/article/iris-mittenaere-miss-nord-pas-de-calais-releve-de-camille-cerf-est-une-bombe_a165978/1|website=purepeople.com|date=28 September 2015}}</ref> |title= {{plainlist| * [[French Flanders|Miss Flandre 2015]] * [[Miss Nord-Pas-de-Calais|Miss Nord-Pas-de-Calais 2015]] * [[Miss Fraunce 2016]] * [[Miss Universe 2016]] }} }} '''Iris Mittenaere''' ({{IPAc-en|lang|aɪ|.|r|ɪ|s|_|ˈ|m|iː|t|ɛ|n|ɑːr}} {{Respell|AI|rees|_|MEE|tə|NAR}}; {{IPA-fr|iʁis mitənaʁ}};<ref>{{Cite web|title=Iris Mittenaere, miss Univers, vous apprend à prononcer son nom|url=https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x5a2imw|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[HuffPost]]|language=en-US}}</ref> born 25 Januar 1993) is a French telly personality, model an beauty pageant teetlehauder best kent fur winnin the title o [[Miss Universe 2016]]. The seicont [[Miss Universe]] frae Fraunce efter [[Christiane Martel]], Mittenaere haed previously been crouned [[Miss Fraunce 2016]] an [[Miss Nord-Pas-de-Calais|Miss Nord-Pas-de-Calais 2015]]. == Early life == Mittenaere wis born on 25 Januar 1993 in [[Lille]], tae Yves Mittenaere, a middle schuil history an geographie teacher, an Laurence Druart, a primary schuilteacher an museum guide. She haes a brither, Baptiste, a sister, Cassandre, an a yunger hauf-sister, Manon. Her parents divorced whan she wis three year auld.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Iris Mittenaere : Biographie et actualités|url=https://www.gala.fr/stars_et_gotha/iris_mittenaere|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Gala (magazine)|Gala]]|language=fr}}</ref> Mittenaere attendit schuil in [[Steenvoorde]], whaur she bidit wi her mither. In 2011, she graduatit wi honors frae ''[[Secondary eddication in Fraunce|lycée]]'' wi a focus on science. Efter graduatin, she flittit tae Lille, whaur she attendit [[Lille 2 Varsity o Heal an Law]], studyin dentistry.<ref name=":0" /> Prior tae becomin Miss France, Mittenaere wis in her fift year o a dental surgery fellaeship an planned on becomin a [[Dentistry|dental surgeon]] efter graduatin.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=|title=Bailleul : la Steenvoordoise Iris Mittenaere a été élue Miss Flandre 2015|language=fr|work=[[La Voix du Nord]]|url=http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/bailleul-la-steenvoordoise-iris-mittenaere-a-ete-elue-ia18b47675n2807784|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20}}</ref> == Pageantry == === Miss Fraunce 2016 === Efter winnin the local title o Miss Flandre 2015 on 2 Mey 2015 in [[Bailleul, Nord|Bailleul]],<ref name=":1" /> Mittenaere entered the Miss Nord-Pas-de-Calais 2015 regional pageant in [[Orchies]], whilk she wan on 26 September 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Voix du Nord - Régionales 2015|url=http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/steenvoorde-la-flamande-iris-mittenaere-elue-miss-ia18b47675n3070729|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[La Voix du Nord]]|language=fr}}</ref> Mittenaere initially anly entered Miss Flandre efter bein contactit on [[Facebook]] bi the contest organisers, owin tae thare bein a lack o candidates that applee'd.<ref name=":1" /> Mittenaere representit [[Nord-Pas-de-Calais]] at the [[Miss Fraunce 2016]] pageant. On 19 December 2015, she wis crouned Miss Fraunce bi ootgoin Miss Fraunce 2015 an umwhile Miss Nord-Pas-de-Calais 2014 [[Camille Cerf]] in [[Lille]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-12-20|title=Meet Miss France 2016|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20151220-france-miss-france-crowned-lille|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[France 24]]|language=en}}</ref> It wis a back-tae-back victory fur the region. As Miss France, Mittenaere promotit [[oral hygiene]] an launched an awareness campaign on [[Dentistry|oral heal]]. She pairticipatit in [[oral hygiene]] awareness programmes at French schuils targetin yung schuilbairns.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Montpellier : les enfants de La Paillade se sont brossé les dents avec Miss France|url=https://www.midilibre.fr/2016/12/10/se-brosser-les-dents-avec-miss-france,1438349.php|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Midi Libre]]|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-12-09|title=Miss France 2016 à la rencontre des enfants de la Paillade à Montpellier|url=https://www.ici.fr/infos/medias-people/miss-france-2016-la-rencontre-des-enfants-de-la-paillade-montpellier-1481308437|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Ici (radio network)|ICI]]|language=fr}}</ref> In November 2016, Mittenaere presentit the Francophone Group o the Year Awaird at the [[NRJ Music Award]] in Cannes.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-11-12|title="NRJ Music Awards" 2016 – Amir, Justin Bieber, Coldplay,... Revivez les temps forts de la cérémonie|url=https://www.tf1info.fr/culture/nrj-music-awards-2016-amir-justin-bieber-coldplay-revivez-les-temps-forts-de-la-ceremonie-2012253.html|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[La Chaîne Info|LCI]]|language=fr}}</ref> Durin her reign as Miss Fraunce 2016, Mittenaere traiveled tae [[Cheenae]], [[Italy]], [[Morocco]], [[Germany]], the [[Caribbean]], an [[Ivory Coast]]. === Miss Universe 2016 === As Miss Fraunce, Mittenaere later competit in [[Miss Universe 2016]]. She wis the anly European delegate tae progress tae the semi-finals o the competeetion, later goin on tae win the title.<ref>{{Cite web|last=McDermott|first=Maeve|title=Miss France Iris Mittenaere is crowned Miss Universe 2017|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/2017/01/29/miss-france-iris-mittenaere-crowned-miss-universe-2017/97226100/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[USA Today]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Mittenaere becam anly the seicont wumman frae her kintra tae win the croun efter [[Christiane Martel]] wan [[Miss Universe 1953]]. Mittenaere wis addeetionally the furst European winner syne [[Oxana Fedorova]] o Roushie, wha wis crouned [[Miss Universe 2002]] but soon efter dethroned, an the furst European titlehaulder tae complete her year as Miss Universe syne [[Mona Grudt]] o Norawa, wha wan [[Miss Universe 1990]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Seemayer|first=Zach|title=Miss France Iris Mittenaere Crowned Miss Universe 2016!|url=https://www.etonline.com/tv/208867_miss_france_iris_mittenaere_crowned_miss_universe_2017|access-date=2026-04-20|website=Entertainment Tonight|language=en-US}}</ref> In the furst pairt o the question-an-answer portion, Mittenaere cawed fur appen mairchs.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mae Dacanay|first=Barbara|date=2018-11-01|title=Miss Universe Iris Mittenaere calls for open borders|url=https://gulfnews.com/lifestyle/fashion/miss-universe-iris-mittenaere-calls-for-open-borders-1.1970158|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Gulf News]]|language=en}}</ref> She wis asked the follaein bi host [[Steve Harvey]]: "Gien today's warldwide refugee crisis, dae kintras hae an obligation tae accept refugees or dae thay hae a richt tae close thair mairchs?" Mittenaere replee'd: {{quote|Throuoot the warld, fowk can chuise tae hae mairchs appen or close. In Europe, we hae appen mairchs. In Fraunce, we want tae hae the maist globalisation that we can. We want tae hae the biggest exchange o fowk that we can. Meybe someday that will chynge, but nou we hae appen mairchs.}}Accordin tae ane o the judges, [[Mickey Boardman]], wha wrate aboot his experience as a Miss Universe judge in ''[[The New York Times]]'', "it wis the question-an-answer portion that pit her ower the tap. Whiles the ither contestants didna seem tae actually answer the question aboot a mistak thay haed mak in life an whit thay haed lairnt frae it, she wis poised an weel spaken".<ref>{{Cite news|last=Boardman|first=Mickey|date=2017-02-04|title=My Time as a Miss Universe Judge|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/04/fashion/miss-universe-judge-mickey-boardman.html|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The tap three contestants wur asked the same final question bi Harvey: "Name something ower the course o yer life that ye failed at, an tell us whit ye lairnt frae that experience?" an she replee'd: {{quote|I hae failed mony times in ma life. A thoucht A haed failed ma furst year in medical schuil acause ma name wasnae on the passin leet. Sae, the vera same day A wint tae buy a new set o medical beuks tae keep on studyin. A think whan ye fail, ye need tae stand up an keep goin, we are aw able tae dae sae. If A dinna win tonight, A will still keep on smilin morra acause Ah'm proud tae be pairt o the three finalists. A'v lairnt a lot frae ma failures an happily, A did end up passin ma furst year o medical schuil.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNMAoEXuu9g&t=206s|title = - YouTube|website = [[YouTube]]}}</ref>}} ====Reign==== Mittenaere wis crouned wi the DIC Croun at the [[Miss Universe 2016]] pageant. As a result o a lawsuit atween [[IMG (company)|IMG]] an Diamonds Internaitional Corporation (DIC), she ware the Diamond Nexus Croun frae Mairch 2017 till the end o her reign.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Stempel|first=Jonathan|title=Miss Universe producer sues Czech maker of winners' crowns|language=en-US|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-missuniverse-lawsuit/miss-universe-producer-sues-czech-maker-of-winners-crowns-idUSKCN18C2JY|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20}}</ref> In her capacity as Miss Universe, she served as a judge at [[Puteri Indonesie]] in [[Jakarta]], at [[Miss Egyp]] in [[Cairo]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-24|title=Miss Universe 2016 empanelled on Miss Egypt Universe 2017 contest|url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/6/29200/Miss-Universe-2016-empanelled-on-Miss-Egypt-Universe-2017-contest|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Egypt Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-26|title=Miss Universe 2017 shares beauty of Egypt on visit to promote tourism|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/life-style/travel-and-tourism/2017/10/26/Miss-Universe-2017-shares-beauty-of-Egypt-on-visit-to-promote-tourism-|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Al Arabiya]]|language=en}}</ref> at [[Miss Peru]] in [[Lima]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-09-22|title=Iris Mittenaere coronó a Prissila Howard como Miss Perú Universo [VIDEO]|language=es-PE|work=[[El Comercio (Peru)|El Comercio]]|url=https://elcomercio.pe/tvmas/television/iris-mittenaere-miss-universo-coronacion-prissilla-howard-video-noticia-460086-noticia/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|issn=1605-3052}}</ref> at [[Miss Guyana]] held in [[New York Ceety]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=GTIMES|date=2017-08-18|title=Miss Universe Guyana Pageant set for Saturday evening in NYC|url=https://guyanatimesgy.com/miss-universe-guyana-pageant-set-for-saturday-evening-in-nyc/|access-date=2026-04-20|website=Guyana Times|language=en-US}}</ref> an at [[Miss Diva]] in [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=News|first=G. M. A.|date=2017-10-11|title=IN PHOTOS: Iris Mittenaere basks in ‘magical’ beauty of India|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/travel/629101/iris-mittenaere-basks-in-magical-beauty-of-india/story/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[GMA Network]]|language=en}}</ref> [[File:Iris Mittenaere.jpg|thumb|left|Mittenaere durin Miss Burgundy 2016.]] As a global ambassador, Mittenaere attendit diplomatic events at the Embassy o Fraunce in Cairo,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss Universe Iris Mittenaere arrives in Egypt to promote tourism, support charity work - News - Travel|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/8/27/280255/Travel/News/Miss-Universe-Iris-Mittenaere-arrives-in-Egypt-to-.aspx|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Al-Ahram]]}}</ref> the Embassy o Fraunce in Manila,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jr|first=Bayani San Diego|date=2017-02-06|title=Miss Universe is ‘very French’|url=https://entertainment.inquirer.net/214427/miss-universe-french|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|language=en}}</ref> the [[Embassy o the Unitit States, Manila]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=News|first=G. M. A.|date=2017-02-01|title=LOOK: Iris Mittenaere tours US Embassy, prepares to fly to New York|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/content/597945/iris-mittenaere-tours-us-embassy-prepares-to-fly-to-new-york/story/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[GMA Network]]|language=en}}</ref> the [[Consulate General o Fraunce, New York Ceety|Consulate general o Fraunce in New York]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-06-09|title=Iris Mittenaere : rayonnante pour son retour à New York|url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Iris-Mittenaere-rayonnante-pour-son-retour-a-New-York-1280414|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Paris Match]]|language=fr}}</ref> the Consulate general o Fraunce in [[Alexandria]], an wis invitit tae [[Emmanuel Macron]]'s speech tae the French expatriate commonity at the Kaufmann Concert Haw o [[92nd Street Y|92Y]] in New York Ceety.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-09-20|title=Iris Mittenaere invitée surprise du « One man show » d'Emmanuel Macron à New York|url=https://www.gala.fr/l_actu/news_de_stars/iris_mittenaere_invitee_surprise_du_one_man_show_d_emmanuel_macron_a_new_york_404591|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Gala (magazine)|Gala]]|language=fr}}</ref> She traiveled tae [[Bali]] tae shoot a commercial fur C 1000, a vitamin brand available in Indonesie an attendit Farouk Seestems's Global Conference in [[Cancún]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-09-22|title=Farouk Systems Hosted Global Conference in Cancun - CHI Hair Care|url=https://farouk.com/blog/2017/09/22/farouk-systems-hosted-global-conference-cancun/|access-date=2026-04-20|website=Farouk Systems Inc.|language=en-US}}</ref> As a chairity ambassador fur [[Smile Train]], she traiveled tae [[Mexico Ceety]] an [[Cap-Haïtien]] tae veesit [[cleft lip an cleft palate]] patients an witnessed a cleft surgery furst-haund.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Notimex|date=2017-08-01|title=Miss Universo 2016 colabora como embajadora en apoyo a niños con labio y paladar hendido|url=https://www.hoytamaulipas.net/notas/305888/Miss-Universo-2016-colabora-como-embajadora-en-apoyo-a-ninios-con-labio-y-paladar-hendido.html|access-date=2026-04-20|website=HoyTamaulipas|language=spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-05-05|title=La Nordiste Iris Mittenaere en voyage à Haïti pour soutenir les enfants atteints de fente labiale|url=https://france3-regions.franceinfo.fr/hauts-de-france/nordiste-iris-mittenaere-voyage-haiti-soutenir-enfants-atteints-fente-labiale-1246931.html|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[France Info]]|language=fr-FR}}</ref> As the newest ''madrina'' o the [[Latino Commeession on AIDS]], she attendit the annual fundraisin Cielo Gala tae benefit the commeession and wis also invitit tae Projeck Sunshine's 14t Annual Benefit Celebration ''Brighter Together'' in New York Ceety. At [[New York Fashion Week]], she walkit the rinway fur [[Sherri Hill]] in Februar an September 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|last=à 17h14|first=Par Le 14 février 2017|date=2017-02-14|title=VIDEO. Fashion Week de New York : baptême réussi pour Iris Mittenaere|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/laparisienne/people/video-fashion-week-de-new-york-bapteme-reussi-pour-iris-mittenaere-14-02-2017-6680580.php|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Le Parisien]]|language=fr-FR}}</ref> In Juin 2017, she attendit ''Joyrich'' x [[Snoop Dogg]]'s Fashion shaw at ''MADE LA 2017'' in [[Los Angeles]] an wis invitit tae the [[AmfAR]] generationCURE Solstice 2017 in New York Ceety. In Mairch 2017, durin her week-lang hamecomin celebration in [[Paris]] an in her hametoun o [[Lille]], Mittenaere wis invitit bi [[François Hollande]], the [[preses o Fraunce]], tae veesit [[Élysée Pailace]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-03-14|title=Miss Univers: François Hollande va rencontrer Iris Mittenaere à l'Elysée|url=https://www.lexpress.fr/styles/beaute/miss-univers-francois-hollande-va-rencontrer-iris-mittenaere-a-l-elysee_1889046.html|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[L'Express]]|language=fr}}</ref> an wis gien a regional awaird bi [[Xavier Bertrand]], the preses o [[Hauts-de-France]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Litaud|first=Emmanuelle|date=2017-03-19|title=Iris Mittenaere (Miss Univers) : «François Hollande est très drôle»|url=https://tvmag.lefigaro.fr/programme-tv/iris-mittenaere-miss-univers-francois-hollande-est-tres-drole-_42bb0d66-0ccb-11e7-9af1-a7debc100a78|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[TV Magazine]]|language=fr}}</ref> Mittenaere forby walkit fur [[Jean Paul Gaultier]] at [[Paris Fashion Week,]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2017-07-05|title=Iris Mittenaere: Sublime et en transparence, elle défile pour Jean Paul Gaultier|url=https://www.purepeople.com/article/iris-mittenaere-sublime-et-en-transparence-elle-defile-pour-jean-paul-gaultier_a242488/1|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=Purepeople}}</ref> attendit the [[Palais des Festivals]] at the [[2017 Cannes Film Fest]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-05-25|title=Cannes 2017. Iris Mittenaere, Miss Univers sur la Croisette|url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Cannes-2017-Iris-Mittenaere-une-Miss-sur-la-Croisette-1268411|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Paris Match]]|language=fr}}</ref> an attendit the [[AmfAR|AmFAR]] Chairity Event, Cinema Against AIDS, in [[Cannes]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-05-26|title=Cannes 2017. Iris Mittenaere envoûtante à l'amFAR|url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Cannes-2017-Envoutante-Iris-Mittenaere-a-l-amFAR-1269491|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Paris Match]]|language=fr}}</ref> Durin her reign as Miss Universe, Mittenaere traiveled tae the [[Philippines]], [[Indonesie]], [[Haiti]], the [[Cayman Islands]], [[Ecuador]], [[Mexico]], [[Peru]], [[Indie]], an [[Egyp]], in addeetion tae mony trips aroond the [[Unitit States]] an [[Fraunce]]. Fur her last walk as the reignin Miss Universe, Mittenaere ware a [[Michael Cinco]] scarlet reid ombré Couture gown, in fu Swarovski creestals, whilk featured a fittit bodice an flowin train,<ref>{{Cite web|last=lsanjuan|date=2017-11-28|title=How Michael Cinco got to make the gown for Miss Universe 2016 Iris Mittenaere|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/280325/michael-cinco-got-make-gown-miss-universe-2016-iris-mittenaere/|access-date=2026-04-20|website=Lifestyle.INQ|language=en-US}}</ref> afore passin on the croun tae her successor [[Demi-Leigh Tebow|Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters]] o [[Sooth Africae]] as [[Miss Universe 2017]] on 26 November 2017 at [[Planet Hollywood Las Vegas]] in [[Las Vegas, Nevada]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=South Africa's Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters wins Miss Universe 2017 {{!}} ABS-CBN Lifestyle|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/life/11/27/17/south-africas-demi-leigh-nel-peters-wins-miss-universe-2017|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=ABS-CBN News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss Universe 2017|url=https://www.amarujala.com/photo-gallery/fashion/south-africa-win-crowned-miss-universe-2017-shraddha-shahsidhar-missed-the-chance|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Amar Ujala]]|language=hi}}</ref> Frae 4 tae 9 December 2017, she pairticipatit in the ''Miss Universe's Christmas Tour'' in the [[Philippines]], alangside her successor [[Demi-Leigh Tebow|Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters]] an predecessor [[Pia Wurtzbach]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Requintina|first=Robert|date=2017-12-04|title=Miss Universe winners preparing for Christmas Tour in Manila|url=https://tempo.mb.com.ph/2017/12/04/miss-universe-winners-preparing-for-christmas-tour-in-manila/|access-date=2026-04-20|website=Tempo|language=en-US|archive-date=2026-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260612233447/https://tempo.mb.com.ph/2017/12/04/miss-universe-winners-preparing-for-christmas-tour-in-manila/|url-status=dead}}</ref> then served as co-preses o the jury wi [[Jean-Paul Gaultier]] at [[Miss Fraunce 2018]], appearin on stage wi the five finalists as a pairt o the fashion soumsuit portion o the competeetion an pittin an end tae her internaitional pageant career.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-11-16|title=Iris Mittenaere et Jean-Paul Gaultier présideront l’élection Miss France|url=https://www.20minutes.fr/television/2170475-20171116-video-miss-france-iris-mittenaere-jean-paul-gaultier-presideront-election-2018|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[20 minutes (Fraunce)|20 Minutes]]|language=fr}}</ref> In December 2017, a [[documentary film]] aboot her [[Miss Universe]] reign, produced bi [[Endemol Shine Group]] an titled ''From Miss France to Miss Universe, the fabulous destiny of Iris'', wis broadcast on [[TF1]] an watched bi 5.4 million viewers in Fraunce.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Roulet|first=Jérôme|date=2017-12-18|title=Le fabuleux destin d’Iris Mittenaere (Miss France / Miss Univers) : 5.4 millions de Français devant le documentaire de TF1|url=https://toutelatele.ouest-france.fr/le-fabuleux-destin-d-iris-mittenaere-miss-france-miss-univers-5-4-millions-de-francais-devant-le-documentaire-de-tf1-96227|access-date=2026-04-20|website=Toutelatele|language=fr}}</ref> The camera crew follaed Mittenaere's reign as Miss Universe, her humanitarian traivel, her trips an hamecomin in [[Fraunce]], an her family's reaction tae her new life. == Post-Miss Universe == Iris Mittenaere begound her telly career in 2018, becomin a co-host o the French version o ''Ninja Warrior''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Litaud|first=Emmanuelle|date=2018-03-26|title=Iris Mittenaere, animatrice dans Ninja Warrior : «TF1 était mon objectif numéro 1»|url=https://tvmag.lefigaro.fr/programme-tv/iris-mittenaere-animatrice-dans-ninja-warrior-tf1-etait-mon-objectif-numero-1-_7fb89cb8-30e9-11e8-bd82-b32254ebbab3|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Le Figaro]]|language=fr}}</ref> In Februar 2018, Iris Mittenaere presentit an awaird at the 2018 [[Victoires de la Musique]], wearin designer [[Stéphane Rolland]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-02-09|title=Le décolleté XXL et le pantalon (très) scintillant d'Iris Mittenaere aux Victoires|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/culture/article/victoires-de-la-musique-2018-le-decollete-xxl-et-le-pantalon-scintillant-d-iris-mittenaere-miss-univers-2016_117484.html|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[HuffPost]]|language=fr}}</ref> In September 2018, Mittenaere begound competin in the nint saison o ''[[Danse avec les stars]]'', the French version o ''Dancing with the Stars''. Her professional pairtner on the shaw wis Anthony Colette, an thegither thay placed seicont in the saison's finale on 1 December 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2018-09-02|title=Iris Mittenaere confirmée au casting de «Danse avec les stars 9»|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/laparisienne/actualites/iris-mittenaere-confirmee-au-casting-de-danse-avec-les-stars-9-02-09-2018-7873794.php|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Le Parisien]]|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Frae Februar 2019, she is the host o the [[Lottery]] Drawins an [[EuroMillions]] on [[TF1]]. In Mairch 2018, she wis invitit bi the [[Furst Lady o Ivory Coast]] tae attend the 7t Gala dinner o the ''Children of Africa'' Foondation, markin its 20t anniversary an the appenin o a new hospital. She forby pairticipatit tae a Smile Train event, veesitin faimilies o cleft patients in [[Abidjan]], [[Ivory Coast]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=blawson|date=2018-03-28|title=Iris Mittenaere Visits Cleft Patients in Cote D’Ivoire {{!}} Smile Train|language=en-us|work=[[Smile Train]]|url=https://www.smiletrain.org/stories/iris-mittenaere-visits-cleft-patients-in-cote-divoire|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20}}</ref> Iris Mittenaere pairtnered wi French Airtist [[Philippe Shangti]] tae creaut a photographic airtwirk titled ''"I'm Iris, I'm not a princess"'', selt 40,000 euro in Juin 2018 at an Auction fur proceeds tae Smile Train.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lebeaupin|first=Jean Marc|date=2018-06-10|title=Iris Mittenaere : I’m Iris, I’m not a Princess|url=https://www.artsixmic.fr/iris-mittenaere-imiris-im-not-a-princess-by-philippe-shangti/|access-date=2026-04-20|website=artsixMic|language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-06|title=Iris Mittenaere : l’ex-Miss Univers devient une œuvre d’art pour la bonne cause {{!}} TF1 Info|url=https://www.tf1info.fr/culture/iris-mittaneaere-l-ex-miss-univers-ex-miss-france-devient-une-oeuvre-d-art-pour-la-bonne-cause-2089735.html|access-date=2026-04-20|website=www.tf1info.fr|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-25|title=Une photo d’Iris Mittenaere vendue aux enchères pour la bonne cause|url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Une-photo-d-Iris-Mittenaere-vendue-aux-encheres-pour-la-bonne-cause-1546208|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Paris Match]]|language=fr}}</ref> On 7 November 2018, Iris Mittenaere lowsed her furst autobiography titled in French ''Toujours y croire : Miss Univers, une jeune femme (pas) comme les autres'' whilk means ''Always believe in yourself: Miss Universe, a young woman (un)like any other''. The beuk wis published bi [[HarperCollins]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-11-10|title=SOCIÉTÉ. Sortie de son livre, DALS… Iris Mittenaere se confie|url=https://www.leprogres.fr/france-monde/2018/11/10/sortie-de-son-livre-dals-iris-mittenaere-se-confie|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Le Progrès]]|language=FR-fr}}</ref> The beuk chronicles Mittenaere's oreegins in Northren [[Fraunce]] an her pageantry experience, in addeetion tae beauty tutorials an advice fur yung wumman in order tae build sel-confidence.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-11-07|title=Les cinq (bonnes) raisons de lire «Toujours y croire», d'Iris Mittenaere|url=https://www.20minutes.fr/arts-stars/people/2366667-20181107-cinq-bonnes-raisons-lire-toujours-croire-livre-iris-mittenaere|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[20 minutes (Fraunce)|20 Minutes]]|language=fr}}</ref> The same day, Mittenaere's ''Toujours y croire'' [[beuk tour]] launched, kickin aff in her hametoun o [[Lille]]. Ither ceeties include [[Paris]], [[Lyon]], [[Toulouse]], [[Bordeaux]], [[Cannes]], [[Dunkirk]], [[Reims]], [[Nantes]] in [[Fraunce]], [[Brussels]] in [[Belgium]] an [[Geneva]] in [[Swisserland]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=à 19h01|first=Par Michaël Zoltobroda Le 8 novembre 2018|date=2018-11-08|title=Avec Iris Mittenaere en dédicace dans le Nord, attendue «comme le messie» par ses fans|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/culture-loisirs/tv/avec-iris-mittenaere-en-dedicace-dans-le-nord-attendue-comme-le-messie-par-ses-fans-08-11-2018-7938453.php|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Le Parisien]]|language=fr-FR}}</ref> On 3 Februar 2019 Iris Mittenaere wis on the judgin panel o ''Top Model Belgium'' 2019 at [[Le Lido]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=P.Y.P|date=2026-04-19|title=Iris Mittenaere, membre du jury de Top Model Belgium: "Non, je ne ferai pas d'effeuillage"|url=https://www.dhnet.be/lifestyle/beaute-mode/2019/02/03/iris-mittenaere-membre-du-jury-de-top-model-belgium-non-je-ne-ferai-pas-deffeuillage-CML55XTNGBHHNOA65VQDE3LQP4/|access-date=2026-04-20|website=DHnet|language=fr}}</ref> Frae 12 tae 17 Februar 2019 she wis the guest starn in [[Jean-Paul Gaultier]]'s ''Fashion Freak Show'' at the [[Folies Bergère]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Merle|first=Sylvain|date=2019-01-31|title=« Fashion Freak Show » : Iris Mittenaere sur scène pour Jean-Paul Gaultier|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/culture-loisirs/fashion-freak-show-iris-mittenaere-sur-scene-pour-jean-paul-gaultier-31-01-2019-8001153.php|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Le Parisien]]|language=fr-FR}}</ref> She is [[Morgan (clothin)|Morgan]]'s brand ambassador fur 2019. On 20 Aprile 2019 she wis the face o ''Casa Fashion show''<nowiki/>'s 14t edition, ''"The future is female"'', in [[Casablanca]], [[Morocco]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-02-18|title=Maître Gims, Iris Mittenaere, Vitaa... Le Casa Fashion Show annonce ses têtes d'affiches|language=fr-MG|work=[[HuffPost]]|url=https://www.huffpostmaghreb.com/entry/maitre-gims-iris-mittenaere-vitaacasa-fashion-show-annonce-ses-tetes-daffiches_mg_5c6ac08ae4b05c889d21ba99|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20}}</ref> Frae Mey 2019 tae Januar 2020, she is a [[Vedette (cabaret)|vedette]] in choreographer [[Kamel Ouali]]'s ''L' Oiseau Paradis'' new [[revue]] at the [[Paradis Latin]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=GQ|first=La rédaction|date=2019-03-04|title=Iris Mittenaere, ancienne Miss France et Miss Univers 2016, a trouvé un nouveau travail|url=https://www.gqmagazine.fr/pop-culture/article/iris-mittenaere-ancienne-miss-france-et-miss-univers-2016-a-trouve-un-nouveau-travail|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[GQ]]|language=fr-FR}}</ref> On 22 Mey 2019 Iris Mittenaere climbed the steps o the [[Palais des Festivals et des Congrès|Palais des Festivals]] at the [[2019 Cannes Film Fest]] in a couture licht pink creestallised bawgoun designed bi [[Michael Cinco]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Villano|first=Alexa|date=2019-05-23|title=LOOK: Miss Universe 2016 Iris Mittenaere wears Michael Cinco to Cannes 2019|url=https://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/style/231363-iris-mittenaere-wearing-michael-cinco-gown-cannes-2019/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[Rappler]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2019-05-26|title=IN PHOTOS: Miss Universe 2016 Iris Mittenaere looks queenly in a Michael Cinco gown at Cannes 2019|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/shoppingandfashion/695663/miss-universe-2016-iris-mittenaere-looks-queenly-in-a-michael-cinco-gown-at-cannes-2019/story/|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[GMA Network]]|language=en}}</ref> She forby attendit [[de Grisogono]] Host Gala Dinner, wearin a bejewelled blue ane-shouder goun, designed bi Lebanese Ziad Nakad, whilk wis adorned in gems an sequins.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Abusief|first=Fatma|date=2019-05-23|title=Cannes 2019: Arab Designers Steal the Spotlight on Day Nine of the Film Festival|url=https://emirateswoman.com/cannes-2019-arab-designers-day-nine/|access-date=2026-04-20|website=Emirates Woman|language=en}}</ref> In the simmer 2019 issue o ''[[Forbes|Forbes France]]'', Mittenaere wis interviewed an cried amang Fraunce's tap five deegital influencers o 2019. In Juin 2022, Mittenaere wis guest judge on the furst episode o ''[[Drag Race France]]'' wi the French fashion designer [[Jean Paul Gaultier]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Toscano|first=Ambre|date=2022-06-25|title=Iris Mittenaere participe à un nouveau projet à la télévision !|url=https://mcetv.ouest-france.fr/2022/iris-mittenaere-participe-a-un-tout-nouveau-projet-a-la-television-25062022/|access-date=2026-04-20|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Personal life == In August 2022, Mittenaere annoonced her engagement tae French-Moroccan businessman Diego El Glaoui, wi whom she haed been in a relationship fur three years.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-08-27|title="Nous nous sommes dit que ça serait pour la vie" : Iris Mittenaere et Diego El Glaoui vont se marier|url=https://www.tf1info.fr/culture/people-iris-mittenaere-en-couple-avec-diego-el-glaoui-annonce-ses-fiancailles-et-mariage-sur-instagram-2230515.html|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[TF1]]|language=fr}}</ref> In 2024, efter Mittenaere's [[breakup]] wi El Glaoui, she dated 22-year-auld [[ladfreind]] Bruno Pelat, [[Faimily|grandson]] o [[Roger-Patrice Pelat]]. In September, she filed a [[Wab portal|deegital]] complaint o [[domestic veeolence]] an [[drog]] uise against Pelat. He wis [[Sentence (law)|sentenced]] tae 12 month [[imprisonment]], tae twa-year [[Probation|probationary]] suspension an [[Fine (penalty)|fined]] 2,000 [[euro]] in [[damages]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Purnell|first=Kristofer|title=Ex of Miss Universe 2016 Iris Mittenaere gets prison sentence for domestic violence|url=https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/on-the-radar/2024/11/08/2398611/ex-miss-universe-2016-iris-mittenaere-gets-prison-sentence-domestic-violence|url-status=live|access-date=2026-04-20|website=[[The Philippine Star]]}}</ref> In the ware o 2025 she wis reportit tae be in a relationship wi French rugby starn [[Antoine Dupont]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} == Fremmit airtins == {{sister project links|d=Q21782661|q=no|c=category:Iris Mittenaere|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|wikt=no|s=no|species=no}} *{{Twitter|IrisMittenaereO}} *{{Instagram|irismittenaeremf}} *[https://www.missuniverse.com/titleholder/825393/ Iris Mittenaere on Miss Universe Offeecial Wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813145314/https://www.missuniverse.com/titleholder/825393 |date=2020-08-13 }} {{S-start}} {{S-ach}} {{S-bef|before={{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Pia Wurtzbach]]}}<!-----Ariadna wasn't actually the winner in the competition due to Steve Harvey's mistake in announcing the winner by misreading the results. DON'T DARE MAKE ANY CHANGES. Otherwise, they will be reverted IMMEDIATELY. --> {{s-ttl|title=[[Miss Universe]] |years= [[Miss Universe 2016|2016]]}} {{s-aft|after={{Flagicon|South Africa}} [[Demi-Leigh Tebow|Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters]]}} {{S-bef|before={{flagicon|Orléanais}} [[Flora Coquerel]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Miss France|Miss Universe Fraunce]] |years=2016}} {{S-aft|after=[[File:Flag of French Guiana.svg|22px|border|link=French Guiana]] [[Alicia Aylies]]}} {{S-bef|before={{flagicon|Nord-Pas-de-Calais}} [[Camille Cerf]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Miss Fraunce]] |years=2016}} {{S-aft|after=[[File:Flag of French Guiana.svg|22px|border|link=French Guiana]] [[Alicia Aylies]]}} {{S-bef|before=[[Camille Cerf]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Miss Nord-Pas-de-Calais]] |years=2015}} {{S-aft|after=Laurine Maricau}} {{S-bef|before=Aline Bourgeois}} {{s-ttl|title=Miss Flandre |years=2015}} {{S-aft|after=Laurine Maricau}} {{S-end}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mittenaere, Iris}} [[Category:1993 births]] [[Category:French beauty pageant winners]] [[Category:French female models]] [[Category:French fowk o Flemish descent]] [[Category:French televeesion presenters]] [[Category:Miss Fraunce winners]] [[Category:Miss Universe 2016 contestants]] [[Category:Miss Universe winners]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Lille]] [[Category:Varsity o Lille Nord de France alumni]] [[Category:French weemen televeesion presenters]] 1gul21oihsuzkxnc941sbeai4i3yvt8 3 234028 922666 2026-09-11T18:24:06Z CiphriusKane 74958 /* September 2026 */ new section 922666 wikitext text/x-wiki == September 2026 == [[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Hello. This is a wairnin tae let ye kent that ane or more o [[Special:Contributions/Prakash Dagla|yer contreibutions]] didnae appear constructive an haes been revertit. Please tak some time tae familiarise yerself wi oor [[Wikipedia:Policies an guidelines|policies an guidelines]]. Ye can find information anent these at oor [[Wikipedia:Walcome, ane an aw|walcome page]]. Gin ye anly meant til mak test edits, please uise [[Wikipedia:Saundpit|the saundpit]] fur that. Gin ye think A made a mistak, or gin ye hae ony quaistens, ye can leave a message on ma tauk page. Thank you.<!-- Template:uw-disruptive1 --> [[Uiser:CiphriusKane|CiphriusKane]] ([[Uiser collogue:CiphriusKane|tauk]]) 18:24, 11 September 2026 (UTC) 5o9zkoorczd2ugofck7k6p1wem0rtpi