Wikipedia scwiki https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_printzipale MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.2 first-letter Media Ispetziale Cuntierra Usuàriu Cuntierra usuàriu Wikipedia Cuntierra Wikipedia File Cuntierra file MediaWiki Cuntierra MediaWiki Template Cuntierra template Agiudu Cuntierra agiudu Categoria Cuntierra categoria TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 4 1069 189993 189969 2026-05-15T16:24:23Z Mattafalluga 2404 /* Artìculu de su mese pro Maju 2 */ Risponde 189993 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Comunidade|Tzilleri‎]] [[Category:Tzilleri|*]] __NEWSECTIONLINK__ <div style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:1em;background:#eFF9E5<!--background:#D0C0d0-->;border:2px solid #605848;-moz-border-radius:20px;padding:2.5em;padding-top:0.7em;padding-bottom:0.5em;text-align:left;"> <div style="margin-top:0.2em;font-size:2.3em; font-family:serif, roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">''Su Tzilleri''</div> '''Bene bènnidu in su Tzilleri''', in custu logu podimus faeddare e nos podimus cunfrontare (sena briare) cun àteros utentes de sa [[Pàgina_printzipale|Wikipedia sarda]]. Inoghe podimus pregontare, fàghere osservatziones e fintzas insertare comunicatziones chi s'interessant de [[Wikipedia:Sc.wiki|sc.wiki]] in generale. Si cheres cummentare o fàghere osservatziones a propòsitu de un'argumentu particulare, faghe su praghere de ddu insertare in sa pàgina de cuntierra de s'artìculu currispondente e no inoghe. Ùnicu avertimentu: si podes, tene in contu chi custu logu no est unu forum de issolòrios e mancu unu [[blog]]. Pro custu, si podes, chirca de tratare argumentos prus adatos a [[Wikipedia]] e a su progetu suo in totue. ---- * Sa pregunta pro "''[[m:bot|bot]] flag''" cheret fata in [[Wikipedia:Bot policy|custa pàgina]]. * {{en}} Requests for the [[m:bot|bot]] flag should be made on [[Wikipedia:Bot policy|this page]]. </div> <div class="toccolours" style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;margin-top:0.1em;margin-bottom:1em;background:#FFF9E5"> [http://sc.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Wikipedia:Tzilleri&action=edit&section=new <big>Incarca inoghe pro abèrrere una cuntierra noa]</big> </div> <div style="border:1px solid #ccc; background: #fff; border-right:3px solid #ccc; border-bottom:3px solid #ccc; text-align: center; padding:3px; float:right; font-size: smaller; line-height: 1.3; margin-right: 4px;"> <div style="width:100%">{{LOCALDAYNAME}}</div> <div style="font-size: x-large; width: 100%;">{{LOCALDAY}}</div> <div style="width: 100%;"> {{LOCALMONTHNAME}}</div> <div style="background: #aaa; color: #000;">'''{{LOCALTIME}}''' CET</div> </div> <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 150%">'''[[Wikipedia:Tzilleri/Archìviu|Archìviu]]'''</div> == Launching! Join Us for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025! == Dear All, We’re happy to announce the launch of [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025]], an annual international campaign dedicated to celebrating and preserving Islamic cultures and history through the power of Wikipedia. As an active contributor to the Local Wikipedia, you are specially invited to participate in the launch. This year’s campaign will be launched for you to join us write, edit, and improve articles that showcase the richness and diversity of Islamic traditions, history, and culture. * Topic: [[m:Event:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 Campaign Launch|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 Campaign Launch]] * When: Jan 19, 2025 * Time: 16:00 Universal Time UTC and runs throughout Ramadan (starting February 25, 2025). * Join Zoom Meeting: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/88420056597?pwd=NdrpqIhrwAVPeWB8FNb258n7qngqqo.1 * Zoom meeting hosted by [[m:Wikimedia Bangladesh|Wikimedia Bangladesh]] To get started, visit the [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|campaign page]] for details, resources, and guidelines: Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025. Add [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Participant|your community here]], and organized Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 in your local language. Whether you’re a first-time editor or an experienced Wikipedian, your contributions matter. Together, we can ensure Islamic cultures and traditions are well-represented and accessible to all. Feel free to invite your community and friends too. Kindly reach out if you have any questions or need support as you prepare to participate. Let’s make Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 a success! For the [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Team|International Team]] 13:08, 16 Ghe 2025 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=27568454 --> == Universal Code of Conduct annual review: provide your comments on the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 02:11, 24 Ghe 2025 (CET) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27746256 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2025 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2025, to March 31, 2025 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles. Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project: # Create a page for the contest on the local wiki. # Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool. # Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes. # Request local admins for site notice. # Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta project page]]. This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools'''] Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance. We look forward to your immense coordination. Thank you and Best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]]''' ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --[[Usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|cuntierra]]) 03:36, 29 Ghe 2025 (CET) == Wiki Loves Folklore is back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore 2025]]''' an international media contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March. You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wlf_2025 submitting] them in this commons contest. You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language. Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. '''Kind regards,''' '''Wiki loves Folklore International Team''' --[[Usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|cuntierra]]) 03:36, 29 Ghe 2025 (CET) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=26503019 --> == Reminder: first part of the annual UCoC review closes soon == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. This is a reminder that the first phase of the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines will be closing soon. You can make suggestions for changes through [[d:Q614092|the end of day]], 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. After review of the feedback, proposals for updated text will be published on Meta in March for another round of community review. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 01:48, 3 Fre 2025 (CET) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28198931 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Ghennàrgiu == Salude a totus! [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite ponimus]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 22:57, 6 Fre 2025 (CET) :Salude, deo propòngio [[Fogu de València de su 2024]] o unu de is candidados betzos, comente [[Pale Blue Dot]]. [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 11:15, 9 Fre 2025 (CET) :: Saludi, [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] at propostu giustu giustu su pròpiu chi bolia proponni deu, ca custu mesi est s'anniversàriu de ambas cosas. --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 17:50, 10 Fre 2025 (CET) :::Ab, gràtzias a ambos! Apo a pònnere [[Fogu de València de su 2024]], custa borta. [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 19:39, 15 Fre 2025 (CET) == Conta-nos (unu podcast in sardu) == Salude, mi naro Alessandro, so faghende unu podcast totu in sardu, cada puntada cun un’òspite chi respondet a unas cantas preguntas subra un'argomentu chi si sèberat issu/issa. Chie at gana de partecipare? chircademi in alessandro.columbu@gmail.com [[Usuàriu:Alessandro.columbu|Alessandro.columbu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Alessandro.columbu|cuntierra]]) 17:32, 10 Fre 2025 (CET) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr"> Upcoming Language Community Meeting (Feb 28th, 14:00 UTC) and Newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Hello everyone! [[File:WP20Symbols WIKI INCUBATOR.svg|right|frameless|150x150px|alt=An image symbolising multiple languages]] We’re excited to announce that the next '''Language Community Meeting''' is happening soon, '''February 28th at 14:00 UTC'''! If you’d like to join, simply sign up on the '''[[mw:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#28_February_2025|wiki page]]'''. This is a participant-driven meeting where we share updates on language-related projects, discuss technical challenges in language wikis, and collaborate on solutions. In our last meeting, we covered topics like developing language keyboards, creating the Moore Wikipedia, and updates from the language support track at Wiki Indaba. '''Got a topic to share?''' Whether it’s a technical update from your project, a challenge you need help with, or a request for interpretation support, we’d love to hear from you! Feel free to '''reply to this message''' or add agenda items to the document '''[[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-feb-2025|here]]'''. Also, we wanted to highlight that the sixth edition of the Language & Internationalization newsletter (January 2025) is available here: [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January]]. This newsletter provides updates from the October–December 2024 quarter on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects and support efforts, details about community meetings, and ideas for contributing to projects. To stay updated, you can subscribe to the newsletter on its wiki page: [[:mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter]]. We look forward to your ideas and participation at the language community meeting, see you there! <section end="message"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 09:29, 22 Fre 2025 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28217779 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Freàrgiu == Salude a totus! [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite artìculu bolides pònnere]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 20:46, 2 Mar 2025 (CET) : Saludi. Fia pensendi chi s'iat a podi sighi cun sa Stòria de Sardìnnia. Iat a benni [[Regnu de Sardigna (1324-1720)]] mancai no siat in s'elencu. Si si parit bastanti bonu s'iat a podi impreau custu --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 22:25, 4 Mar 2025 (CET) ::Saludi, po mei andat beni. [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 04:45, 7 Mar 2025 (CET) :::Ab, gràtzias a ambos! [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 18:54, 8 Mar 2025 (CET) == Universal Code of Conduct annual review: proposed changes are available for comment == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. I am writing to you to let you know that [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|proposed changes]] to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter]] are open for review. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|You can provide feedback on suggested changes]]''' through the [[d:Q614092|end of day]] on Tuesday, 18 March 2025. This is the second step in the annual review process, the final step will be community voting on the proposed changes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find relevant links about the process on the UCoC annual review page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 19:51, 7 Mar 2025 (CET) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28307738 --> == An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{Int:hello}} Wikipedians, Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}. The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device. With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below. [[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the "For you" and "...More" buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups ("Create new pages" and "Expand with new sections")-one for each activity.]] [[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]] We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''. Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread. Thank you! On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team. </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> 03:56, 13 Mar 2025 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox_CX_Unified_dashboard_announcement_list_1&oldid=28382282 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Your wiki will be in read-only soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2025-03-19|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2025-03-19T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2025-03-19T14:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-03-19|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:14, 15 Mar 2025 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=28307742 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Aprile == Salude a totus! [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite ponimus]], pro su mese chi intrat? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 17:14, 30 Mar 2025 (CEST) : Saludi. Deu propòngiu [[Stefanija Turkevyč]] --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 18:46, 30 Mar 2025 (CEST) ::Saludi, po mei andat beni. Passai una bona chida! [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 13:31, 31 Mar 2025 (CEST) :::Ab, gràtzias a ambosǃ [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 20:00, 3 Abr 2025 (CEST) == Final proposed modifications to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter now posted == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The proposed modifications to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] and the U4C Charter [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Proposed_Changes|are now on Meta-wiki for community notice]] in advance of the voting period. This final draft was developed from the previous two rounds of community review. Community members will be able to vote on these modifications starting on 17 April 2025. The vote will close on 1 May 2025, and results will be announced no later than 12 May 2025. The U4C election period, starting with a call for candidates, will open immediately following the announcement of the review results. More information will be posted on [[m:Special:MyLanguage//Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election|the wiki page for the election]] soon. Please be advised that this process will require more messages to be sent here over the next two months. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 04:04, 4 Abr 2025 (CEST) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 18:11, 16 Abr 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 02:34, 17 Abr 2025 (CEST) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 17:03, 28 Abr 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote on proposed modifications to the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter closes on 1 May 2025 at 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community in your language, as appropriate, so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 05:41, 29 Abr 2025 (CEST)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Maju == Salude a totus! [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite bolides pònnere]], pro su mese chi intrat? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 19:40, 29 Abr 2025 (CEST) :Salude, ite nde narades de [[Pale Blue Dot]]? [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 17:08, 4 Maj 2025 (CEST) ::Chi si parit bastanti bonu, po mei andat beni. Apu arrangiau una pariga de cosas, ma iat a bolli ancora traballu. Est una pàgina chi apu furriau in su 2019. In s'interis (e mancu mali) su sardu miu est amellorau! --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 22:52, 5 Maj 2025 (CEST) :::Ab, gràtzias a ambosǃ [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 17:07, 11 Maj 2025 (CEST) == itWikiCon 2025 dal 7 al 9 novembre 2025 a Catania: prossimi passi == Ciao a tutti, come forse già sapete, la ‘’’[[metawiki:ItWikiCon/2025|ItWikiCon 2025]]’’’, il convegno annuale della comunità italofona dei progetti Wikimedia, si terrà ‘’’a Catania da venerdì 7 a domenica 9 novembre’’’. Per una panoramica generale, vi rimandiamo alla ‘’’[[metawiki:ItWikiCon/2025/Programma|sezione Programma]]’’’, che aggiorneremo regolarmente nei prossimi mesi e nella quale trovate già la ‘’’scheda delle attività’’’, nonché alla [[metawiki:ItWikiCon/2025/Informazioni|sezione Informazioni]]. In attesa dell’apertura ufficiale della fase di proposte prevista per il prossimo 3 giugno, la commissione Programma vorrebbe sondare i desideri delle comunità italofone in merito ai temi da trattare alla conferenza: quali sono gli argomenti più importanti da coprire, secondo voi? Che discussioni dobbiamo avere durante l’itWikiCon? ‘’’Potete aggiungere dei temi o commentare quelli proposti dagli altri [[metawiki:ItWikiCon/2025/Programma/Proposte/Temi|sulla pagina Temi]] da ora fino a inizio giugno’’’. Infine, per chi ha la necessità di richiedere una borsa di partecipazione per coprire le spese di viaggio e alloggio, ‘’’la fase di richieste di borse sarà aperta dal 17 giugno fino al 27 luglio’’’. Si svolge un po’ prima rispetto alle ultime edizioni, per permettervi di organizzare il vostro viaggio a Catania nelle condizioni migliori, quindi segnatevi queste date per non perdervi la fase di richieste! Aggiungeremo regolarmente nuove informazioni sulla pagina Meta dell’evento, che vi invitiamo a seguire. Per qualsiasi domanda o suggerimento, non esitare a scrivere un messaggio sulla pagina di discussione dell’evento o di contattarci a info (at) itwikicon.org. A presto, <nowiki>Il team organizzatore itWikiCon 2025 e la commissione Programma, ~~~~</nowiki> [[Usuàriu:Sciking|Sciking]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Sciking|cuntierra]]) 12:51, 5 Maj 2025 (CEST) == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:07, 6 Maj 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Proposal to enable the "Contribute" entry point in Sardinian Wikipedia == {{Int:Hello}} Sardinian Wikipedians, Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}. The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called "Contribute" to your Wikipedia. The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia. Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Sardinian Wikipedia. '''Who can access it''' Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the "Contribute" icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to "view contributions" is also available to access the list of your contributions. [[File:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]] [[File:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]] For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the "Contributions" option unless they change it to the "Contribute" manually. We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the "Contributions" entry point as default.           We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 26th May 2025. We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the "Contribute" entry point in your Wikipedia. We look forward to your response soon. Thank you! On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[Usuàriu:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:UOzurumba (WMF)|cuntierra]]) 22:49, 12 Maj 2025 (CEST) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|cuntierra]])</bdi> 00:07, 16 Maj 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 17:27, 22 Maj 2025 (CEST) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 Selection & Call for Questions</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, This year, the term of 2 (two) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats. The Elections Committee will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Governance Committee, composed of trustees who are not candidates in the 2025 community-and-affiliate-selected trustee selection process (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina and Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2025 trustee selection process and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. Here are the key planned dates: * May 22 – June 5: Announcement (this communication) and call for questions period [6] * June 17 – July 1, 2025: Call for candidates * July 2025: If needed, affiliates vote to shortlist candidates if more than 10 apply [5] * August 2025: Campaign period * August – September 2025: Two-week community voting period * October – November 2025: Background check of selected candidates * Board’s Meeting in December 2025: New trustees seated Learn more about the 2025 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[link]]]. '''Call for Questions''' In each selection process, the community has the opportunity to submit questions for the Board of Trustees candidates to answer. The Election Committee selects questions from the list developed by the community for the candidates to answer. Candidates must answer all the required questions in the application in order to be eligible; otherwise their application will be disqualified. This year, the Election Committee will select 5 questions for the candidates to answer. The selected questions may be a combination of what’s been submitted from the community, if they’re alike or related. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[link]]] '''Election Volunteers''' Another way to be involved with the 2025 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[link].]] Thank you! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Best regards, Victoria Doronina Board Liaison to the Elections Committee Governance Committee<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[Usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|cuntierra]]) 05:08, 28 Maj 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr"> Upcoming Deployment of the CampaignEvents Extension</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Hello everyone, ''(Apologies for posting in English if English is not your first language. Please help translate to your language.)'' The Campaigns Product Team is planning a global deployment of the '''[[:mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]]''' to all Wikipedias, including this wiki, during the '''week of June 23rd'''. This extension is designed to help organizers plan and manage events, WikiProjects, and other on-wiki collaborations - and to make these efforts more discoverable. The three main features of this extension are: * '''[[:m:Event_Center/Registration|Event Registration]]''': A simple way to sign up for events on the wiki. * '''[[:m:CampaignEvents/Collaboration_list|Collaboration List]]''': A global list of events and a local list of WikiProjects, accessible at '''[[:m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]]'''. * '''[[:m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Invitation_list|Invitation Lists]]''': A tool to help organizers find editors who might want to join, based on their past contributions. '''Note''': The extension comes with a new user right called '''"Event Organizer"''', which will be managed by administrators on this wiki. Organizer tools like Event Registration and Invitation Lists will only work if someone is granted this right. The Collaboration List is available to everyone immediately after deployment. The extension is already live on several wikis, including '''Meta, Wikidata, English Wikipedia''', and more ( [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#Current_Deployment_Status_for_CampaignEvents_extension| See the full deployment list]]) If you have any questions, concerns, or feedback, please feel free to share them on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents| extension talkpage]]. We’d love to hear from you before the rollout. Thank you! <section end="message"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[User talk:Udehb-WMF|cuntierra]]) 18:47, 29 Maj 2025 (CEST)</bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Udehb-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Udehb-WMF/sandbox/deployment_audience&oldid=28803829 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Làmpadas == Salude a totus! [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite bolides pònnere]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 18:26, 2 Làm 2025 (CEST) :Saludi! Forsis [[Protestas pro sa morte de Nahel Merzouk]], giai chi s'anniversàriu est custu mesi? --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 21:54, 2 Làm 2025 (CEST) ::Saludi, po mei andat beni. [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 00:04, 4 Làm 2025 (CEST) :::Ab, gràtzias a ambosǃ [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 20:24, 7 Làm 2025 (CEST) == itWikiCon 2025: fase di proposte per il programma aperta fino al 15 luglio == Ciao a tutti, dichiariamo ufficialmente aperta la raccolta di proposte di sessioni per '''[[m:ItWikiCon/2025|ItWikiCon 2025]]''', il convegno annuale della comunità italofona dei progetti Wikimedia che si terrà '''a Catania da venerdì 7 a domenica 9 novembre'''. Il programma dell’evento è costruito dal basso grazie a presentazioni, discussioni e laboratori proposti dalla comunità e selezionati dalla commissione Programma. La fase di proposte è ora aperta '''fino al 15 luglio incluso'''. Seguendo le istruzioni '''[[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Programma/Proposte|sulla pagina Proposte]]''' potete presentare una o più proposte di sessioni, talk o workshop che vi piacerebbe tenere durante l’evento. L'itWikiCon è lo spazio di incontro dal vivo delle comunità dei vari progetti Wikimedia in italiano e nelle lingue regionali. Vi invitiamo a proporre sessioni che aiutano a rafforzare il senso di comunità e la voglia di contribuire ai progetti, ma anche a identificare dei problemi e individuare delle soluzioni. Daremo la priorità alle sessioni in cui tutti i partecipanti sono parte attiva, come ad esempio discussioni e laboratori. Se cercate ispirazione, alcune '''richieste di temi''' sono state fatte sulla [[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Programma/Proposte/Temi|relativa pagina]], a cui potete liberamente attingere per elaborare una proposta. Inoltre, per chi non se la sente di tenere una sessione, ma vorrebbe che durante la conferenza si parlasse di un argomento che gli sta a cuore, è possibile continuare ad aggiungere delle richieste di temi fino al 15 luglio. La selezione delle proposte avverrà durante l’estate e i relatori saranno confermati a fine agosto. Nel frattempo, la fase di '''[[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Borse|richieste di borse di partecipazione]] sarà aperta dal 17 giugno al 27 luglio''', quindi se considerate di proporre una sessione per il programma, ma avete bisogno di supporto economico per raggiungere Catania, vi invitiamo a farne richiesta entro le scadenze previste. Per qualsiasi domanda o suggerimento, non esitare a scrivere un messaggio sulla pagina di discussione dell’evento o di contattarci a info{{at}}itwikicon.org. A presto, Il team organizzatore itWikiCon 2025 e la commissione Programma, [[Usuàriu:Sciking|Sciking]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Sciking|cuntierra]]) 18:31, 5 Làm 2025 (CEST) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 01:01, 14 Làm 2025 (CEST) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[Usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|cuntierra]]) 19:44, 17 Làm 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 22:57, 27 Làm 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Trìulas == Salude a totus, e iscusade pro su ritardu. [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite bolides pònnere]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 21:21, 6 Trì 2025 (CEST) :Salude! Ite nde pensades de [[Deretu]] o de [[Criptodinari]]? [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 12:43, 8 Trì 2025 (CEST) ::Saludi. Po mei andat beni una calisisiat de is duas --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 17:42, 15 Trì 2025 (CEST) :::Ab, gràtzias a ambosǃ [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 22:11, 16 Trì 2025 (CEST) == itWikiCon 2025: proposte programma entro il 15 luglio, richieste borse entro il 27 luglio == Ciao a tutti, qui un promemoria per le prossime scadenze della '''[[m:ItWikiCon/2025|ItWikiCon 2025]]''' che si terrà '''a Catania da venerdì 7 a domenica 9 novembre''': * la fase di '''[[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Programma/Proposte|proposte di sessioni per il programma]] è aperta fino a martedì 15 luglio'''. Fino ad allora, potete ancora supportare o dare feedback [[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Programma/Proposte#Supporta_le_tue_proposte_preferite|alle proposte già presentate]]; * la fase di '''[[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Borse|richiesta di una borsa]]''' (rimborso del viaggio e alloggio, gratuità della quota di partecipazione) è aperta fino a ‘’’domenica 27 luglio'''. A latere, trovate dei suggerimenti per prenotare il vostro viaggio e alloggio sulla pagina [[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Informazioni|Informazioni]]). Per qualsiasi domanda o suggerimento, non esitare a scrivere un messaggio sulla pagina di discussione dell’evento o di contattarci a info at itwikicon.org. A presto, Il team organizzatore itWikiCon 2025 e le commissioni Programma e Borse, [[Usuàriu:Sciking|Sciking]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Sciking|cuntierra]]) 23:23, 13 Trì 2025 (CEST) == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. [[Usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|cuntierra]]) 14:45, 14 Trì 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Austu == Salude a totus! [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite bolides pònnere]], pro su mese chi intrat? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 22:12, 30 Trì 2025 (CEST) :Salude, giai ca dd'apo propostu su mese passadu, ddu torro a propònnere: [[Criptodinari]]. Ita bos nde paret? [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 09:22, 31 Trì 2025 (CEST) ::Ab, gràtziasǃ [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 20:35, 9 Aus 2025 (CEST) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Temporary accounts will be rolled out soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="body"/> Hello, we are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]] team. We would like to announce that '''we plan to enable [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] for this wiki in the week of September 1'''. Temporary accounts are successfully live on 30 wikis, including many large ones like German, Japanese, and French. The change they bring is especially relevant to logged-out editors, who this feature is designed to protect. But it is also relevant to community members like mentors, patrollers, and admins – anyone who reverts edits, blocks users, or otherwise interacts with logged-out editors as part of keeping the wikis safe and accurate. '''Why we are building temporary accounts''' Our wikis should be safer to edit by default for logged-out editors. Temporary accounts allow people to continue editing the wikis without creating an account, while avoiding publicly tying their edits to their IP address. We believe this is in the best interest of our logged-out editors, who make valuable contributions to the wikis and who may later create accounts and grow our community of editors, admins, and other roles. Even though the wikis do warn logged-out editors that their IP address will be associated with their edit, many people may not understand what an IP address is, or that it could be used to connect them to other information about them in ways they might not expect. Additionally, our moderation software and tools rely too heavily on network origin (IP addresses) to identify users and patterns of activity, especially as IP addresses themselves are becoming less stable as identifiers. Temporary accounts allow for more precise interactions with logged-out editors, including more precise blocks, and can help limit how often we unintentionally end up blocking good-faith users who use the same IP addresses as bad-faith users. '''How temporary accounts work''' [[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb]] Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: <code dir=ltr>~2025-12345-67</code> (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after its creation. As long as it exists, all edits made from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it. '''What does this mean for different groups of users?''' '''For logged-out editors''' * This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki. * If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice. '''For community members interacting with logged-out editors''' * A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address). * Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community. '''For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki''' * '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range ([[Special:IPContributions]]). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.) * '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''': ** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblock]] option. ** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range. * Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this. '''Our requests for you, and next steps''' * If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers#How should I update my code?|how your code might need to be updated]]. * If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in. * Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options. * Look at our [[m:Meta:Babel#Temporary_Accounts:_access_to_IP_addresses_and_next_steps|previous message]] about requirements for users without extended rights who may need access to IP addresses. To learn more about the project, check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|look at the updates]] (we have just posted one) and [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you!<section end="body" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:user:NKohli (WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]], [[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]</bdi> 23:36, 26 Aus 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox6&oldid=29181713 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Cabudanni == Salude a totusǃ [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite artìculu bolides pònnere]], pro su mese chi intrat? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 17:17, 31 Aus 2025 (CEST) :Salude, ite nde narades de [[Istòria antropomètrica de Sardigna]]? [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 16:17, 2 Cab 2025 (CEST) ::Ab, gràtziasǃ [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 14:47, 14 Cab 2025 (CEST) == itWikiCon 2025: programma pubblicato e iscrizioni aperte fino al 12 ottobre == Ciao a tutti, ci stiamo avvicinando a '''[[m:ItWikiCon/2025|ItWikiCon 2025]]''', il convegno annuale della comunità italofona dei progetti Wikimedia che si terrà '''a Catania da venerdì 7 a domenica 9 novembre'''. Siamo lieti di presentarvi il '''[[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Programma#Programma_del_convegno_in_vista_tabellare|programma del convegno]]''', costruito a partire dalle proposte della comunità selezionate dalla commissione programma. Durante i tre giorni del convegno, potrete partecipare a presentazioni e discussioni su vari argomenti legati ai progetti Wikimedia, ai processi comunitari e alle sfide delle comunità per il futuro. Ma l’itWikiCon di Catania è più di un convegno: prima e dopo l’evento organizzeremo '''[[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Programma#Panoramica_della_settimana_dell'itWikiCon_2025|una serie di visite guidate e altre attività]]''' per scoprire la Sicilia orientale insieme. Vi invitiamo a pianificare il vostro viaggio tenendo in considerazione queste attività (che saranno a carico dei partecipanti). Consigliamo di essere celeri nel prenotare gli alloggi e i mezzi di trasporto, poiché Catania è una destinazione ad alta stagione turistica anche a novembre. Troverete dei consigli su come raggiungere Catania e dove alloggiare [[m:ItWikiCon/2025/Informazioni|sulla pagina Informazioni]]. La fase di iscrizione all’evento è '''aperta fino a domenica 12 ottobre a mezzanotte'''. Potete prenotare il vostro posto per il convegno compilando '''[https://ticket.itwikicon.org/itwikicon/2025/ il modulo di iscrizione]'''. La quota di partecipazione di 20€ vi permette di sostenere l’organizzazione dell’evento e va pagata direttamente online per validare la vostra iscrizione. Per qualsiasi domanda o suggerimento non esitate a scrivere un messaggio sulla [[m:Talk:ItWikiCon/2025|pagina di discussione dell’evento]] o a contattarci a info (at) itwikicon.org. A presto, Il team organizzatore itWikiCon 2025, [[Usuàriu:Sciking|Sciking]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Sciking|cuntierra]]) 20:38, 17 Cab 2025 (CEST) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Server switch - Your wiki will be read-only for a short time soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2025-09-24T15:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2025-09-24T15:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 17:41, 18 Cab 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 01:03, 19 Cab 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-09-22_Wikipedias&oldid=29294855 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Santugaine == Salude a totusǃ [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite artìculu bolides pònnere]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 19:32, 1 Stg 2025 (CEST) :Salude, arribbo unu pagu a tardu custu mese... [[S'omini becciu e su mari]]? Ite bos nde paret? [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 11:35, 11 Stg 2025 (CEST) ::Pro mene ab, gràtzias meda @[[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]]! [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 16:51, 12 Stg 2025 (CEST) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Have your say: vote for the 2025 Board of Trustees</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|2025 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Candidates are running for two (2) seats on the Board. To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. Learn more about them by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|reading their application statements and watch their candidacy videos]]. When you are ready, go to the [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll voting page to vote]]. '''The vote is open from October 8 at 00:00 UTC to October 22 at 23:59 UTC.''' Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Chair, Elections Committee<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[Usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|cuntierra]]) 06:48, 9 Stg 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:43, 20 Stg 2025 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Santandria == Salude a totus! [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite artìculu bolides pònnere]], pro su mese chi intrat? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 17:18, 20 Stg 2025 (CEST) :Salude, deo propòngio [[Lege (deretu)]]. [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 11:57, 22 Stg 2025 (CEST) :: Beni fintzas po mei --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 21:43, 8 Std 2025 (CET) :Ab, gràtzias a ambos! [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 23:34, 8 Std 2025 (CET) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]] Applications for the committees open on October 30, 2025. Applications for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on December 11, 2025. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with any questions you may have. For the Committee Support team, <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 15:13, 30 Stg 2025 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:22, 20 Std 2025 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Nadale == Salude a totus! [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite artìculu ponimus]], pro su mese chi intrat? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 19:07, 23 Std 2025 (CET) : Saludi. Custu mesi est difìcili. [[Ford Model T]]? --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 08:40, 5 Nad 2025 (CET) ::Ab, gràtzias meda! [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 22:31, 14 Nad 2025 (CET) == Artìculu de su mese pro Ghennàrgiu == Salude a totus! [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite bolides pònnere]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 16:43, 4 Ghe 2026 (CET) :Saludi e bonu annu a totus. S'iat a podi ponni sa pàgina de s'[[2025|annu passau]], che a su sòlitu, si est bastanti cumpleta. No ddoi seu pòtziu andai a fatu che is àterus annus, ma ddoi est una pariga de puntus po cada mesi. - [[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 09:06, 6 Ghe 2026 (CET) ::Po mei andat beni. Bonu annu a totus! [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 23:09, 8 Ghe 2026 (CET) :::Ab, gràtzias a ambos e bonu annu a totus! [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 23:26, 10 Ghe 2026 (CET) == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 20:45, 16 Ghe 2026 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> [[Usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|cuntierra]]) 14:21, 18 Ghe 2026 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> 22:01, 19 Ghe 2026 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Freàrgiu == Salude a totus, iscusade pro su ritardu. [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite ponimus]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 16:48, 8 Fre 2026 (CET) : Saludi a totus. Deu ia a andai cun su primu de sa lista, [[Algoritmu]]. --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 21:14, 9 Fre 2026 (CET) ::Ab, gràtzias meda! [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 19:19, 15 Fre 2026 (CET) == IMPORTANT: Admin activity review == Hello. A policy regarding the removal of "advanced rights" (administrator, bureaucrat, interface administrator, etc.) was adopted by [[:m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|global community consensus]] in 2013. According to this policy, the [[:m:stewards|stewards]] are reviewing administrators' activity on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis with no inactivity policy. To the best of our knowledge, your wiki does not have a formal process for removing "advanced rights" from inactive accounts. This means that the stewards will take care of this according to the [[:m:Admin activity review|admin activity review]]. We have determined that the following users meet the inactivity criteria (no edits and no logged actions for more than 2 years): # [[User:Dk1919 Franking]] (administrator) These users will receive a notification soon, asking them to start a community discussion if they want to retain some or all of their rights. If the users do not respond, then their advanced rights will be removed by the stewards. However, if you as a community would like to create your own activity review process superseding the global one, want to make another decision about these inactive rights holders, or already have a policy that we missed, then please notify the [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard|stewards on Meta-Wiki]] so that we know not to proceed with the rights review on your wiki. Thanks, [[Usuàriu:EPIC|EPIC]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:EPIC|cuntierra]]) 19:13, 14 Fre 2026 (CET) == Artìculu de su mese pro Martzu == Salude a totus, [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|ite ponimus]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 19:59, 1 Mar 2026 (CET) :Salude @[[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]], m'agradat custu artìculu: [[Istòria de Sardigna aragonesa]]. Gràtzias meda. [[Usuàriu:MikaelF|MikaelF]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MikaelF|cuntierra]]) 09:49, 3 Mar 2026 (CET) ::Saludi a totus. Andat beni po mei puru --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 20:48, 5 Mar 2026 (CET) :::Fintzas custu mese so in ritardu, ma gràtzias meda a ambos! [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 21:38, 18 Mar 2026 (CET) == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[Usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|cuntierra]]) 19:11, 3 Abr 2026 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Abrile == Salude a totusǃ [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite artìculu bolides pònnere]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 21:05, 4 Abr 2026 (CEST) :Salude! Ite nde narades de [[Henry Bedson]]? [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 00:35, 6 Abr 2026 (CEST) ::Ab, gràtzias meda! [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 22:42, 16 Abr 2026 (CEST) == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[Usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:MediaWiki message delivery|cuntierra]]) 02:58, 26 Abr 2026 (CEST) </bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Artìculu de su mese pro Maju == Salude a totusǃ [[Wikipedia:Artìculos de su mese#Candidados pro su mese chi benit|Ite artìculu ponimus]], pro custu mese? [[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|cuntierra]]) 21:40, 10 Maj 2026 (CEST) :Saludi! Deu propòngiu [[OneCoin]] --[[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 22:03, 11 Maj 2026 (CEST) ::Saludi, po mei andat beni! [[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|cuntierra]]) 18:24, 15 Maj 2026 (CEST) 52xe8lxomk6iwm4ybqyeb3fcplv1ksw 0 1163 190013 172349 2026-05-16T00:07:52Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}} Sa '''GNU Free Documentation License''' ('''GNU FDL''') est unu permissu de [[copyleft]] pro [[contènnidu lìberu|contènnidos lìberos]], creadu dae sa [[Free Software Foundation]] pro su prozetu [[GNU]]. S'iscritu ufitziale de su permissu est disponìbile a s'URL http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916084910/http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html |date=2017-09-16 }}, e puru a s'URL http://www.softwarelibero.it/gnudoc/fdl.it.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050815073539/http://www.softwarelibero.it/gnudoc/fdl.it.html |date=2005-08-15 }} est disponìbile sa tradutzione no ufitziale in Italianu. Su GNU FDL l'ant creadu pro dispensare sas iscrituras de software e materiale de imparu. Narat chi onzi esemplare de su materiale, modificadu puru, cheret dispensadu cun su matessi permissu. Custos esemplares faghet a bender·los e, si riproduidos in cantidade manna, cherent produidos puru de una manera chi siat fàghile de los modificare torra. Sa [[Wikipedia]] est sa incunza prus manna de documentos chi utilizat custa impronta de permissu. Su isvilupu legale de Debian non cunsiderat su GNU FDL unu permissu lìberu, pro ite non respetat sas ''Debian Free Software Guidelines'' (ide [http://www.debian.org/social_contract#guidelines] e [https://web.archive.org/web/20040119094504/http://lists.debian.org/debian-legal/2003/debian-legal-200304/msg00246.html], in Ingresu). == Sas "partes segundàrias" == Su permissu separat craramente su "Documentu" dae sa "Parte Segundària". Custa parte podet contenner informatziones a pitzus de su ligàmene intra s'autore (o s'editore) e su suzetu de su documentu, ma nissuna informatzione a pitzus de su suzetu matessi. Diferentemente dae s'iscritu de su documentu, chi su cambiamentu suo est permissu cun conditziones eguales (e puru incompatìbiles) a cussas de su [[GNU General Public License]], carchi una de sa Partes Segundàrias ant carchi restringhimentu istudiadu pro garentire s'atributzione zusta de s'iscritu a sos autores pretzedentes. In su particulare, sos autores de una versione pretzedente cherent ispetzificados e carchi "setzione eguale" ispetzificada dae s'autore orizinale e chi pertocat su ligàmene suo cun su documentu, non cheret modificada. Si su documentu est modificadu, su tìtulu suo cheret modificadu (nessi siat chi s'autore pretzedente apat contzessu su permissu de lu mantenner eguale). Su permissu aministrat puru sa fatzada de innanti e de addaisegus, a prus chi sas partes assinnadas a sa Istòria de su documentu, a sos ringratziamentos, a sas dèdicas e a sos riconnoschimentos. fick die muschis ihr huren == Impreare su GNU FDL == Pro apricare custu permissu a unu documentu iscritu, cheret posta una còpia de su permissu (in inglesu!) in su documentu e inseridu custu avisu zustu a pustis de sa pàzina de su tìtulu: Copyright (c) ANNU NÒMENE BOSTRU. est garantidu su permissu de copiare, distribuire e/o modificare custu documentu sighende sos tèrmines de su Permissu pro Documentatzione Lìbera GNU, Versione 1.1 o onzi versione a pustis pubricata dae sa Free Software Foundation; cun sas Setziones Non Modificàbiles ALLISTRARE SOS TÌTULOS, cun sos Iscritos Coberta LISTA, e cun sos Iscritos de Coberta de Palas LISTA. Una còpia de su permissu est postu in sa setzione intitulada "Permissu pro Documentatzione Lìbera GNU". Si non bi sunt Setziones non Modificàbiles, cheret iscritu "sena Setziones non Modificàbiles" imbetzes de narrer cales sunt non modificàbiles. Si non bi est Iscritu Coberta, cheret iscritu "nissunu Iscritu Coberta" imbetzes de "s'iscritu Coberta est LISTA"; e de sa matessi manera cheret fatu pro s'Iscritu de Coberta de Palas. == Wikipedia e su GNU FDL == Totus sos artìculos de sa Wikipedia sunt distribuidos cun su GNU Free Documentation License. Pro una mezus informatzione faghet a abaidare [[Wikipedia:Deretu de autore]]. Sa còpia locale de su permissu, comente chèrfidu dae su GNU FDL, est in [[Wikipedia:Iscritu de su GNU Free Documentation License|Iscritu de su GNU Free Documentation License]]. == Materiale chi est proibidu a lu distribuire a mercadu == Nissunu materiale chi est proibidu a lu distribuire a mercadu podet esser impreadu in unu documentu suta permissu GNU FDL, pro esempru unu artìculu de Wikipedia, ca su permissu non proibit unu utilizu cumertziale. Comuncas, in unos acasos ispetzìficos, s'impreu cumertziale diat poder esser onestu e in cuddu acasu cussu materiale no at abisonzu de esser distribuidu suta GNU FDL si custu impreu pertocat a totu sos utentes potentziales de su documentu orizinale. Unu esempru craru est dadu dae sas [[parodia]]s. == Boghes ligadas == * [[GNU]] * [[Lissentzia GPL|GNU General Public License]] * [[GNU Lesser General Public License]] * [[Free Software Foundation]] * [[copyright]] e [[copyleft]] [[Categoria:Wikipedia]] [[Categoria:Informàtica]] kf3fgncl3jz7zzm7rl3u5k1xxqm2xa8 1 1767 190014 172350 2026-05-16T00:07:52Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190014 wikitext text/x-wiki <u>licentzia</u>: ita est custu fueddu? comenti bolit pronuntziau? in sardu dui est ''permissu'' e comuncas, biu e cunsiderau ca s'aministradori at detzìdiu a scriri custas pàginas in LSU, est de arregordai ca sa LSU ''no amitit'' su sonu ''ce'' ma feti cussu ''che''. In prus in custu fueddu amancat s'acentu: bolit liju ''licentzìa'', comenti iat a parri, o ''licèntzia''? <br>Cunsiderende su fatu chi pagos ant a comprender su Campidanesu (ca sunt Africanos, non Sardos, comente paret de comprender leghende s''''aministradore''') traduo su chi apo iscritu in LSU: <br>ite est custa paràula? comente cheret pronuntziada? in sardu bi est ''permissu'' e comuncas, bidu e cunsideradu ca s'aministradore at detzisu a iscrier custas pàzinas in LSU, est de amentare ca sa LSU ''no amitet'' su sonu ''ce'' ma petzi ''che''. In prus in custa paràula amancat s'atzentu: cheret leta ''licentzìa'', comente diat parrer, o ''licèntzia''? --[[Utente:Antonipistis|Antoni]] == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Austu 2021) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 2 ligàmenes esternos in [[GNU Free Documentation License]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=172349 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20050815073539/http://www.softwarelibero.it/gnudoc/fdl.it.html annantu a http://www.softwarelibero.it/gnudoc/fdl.it.html *Formatatzione acontzada/impreu acontzadu pro http://lists.debian.org/debian-legal/2003/debian-legal-200304/msg00246.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu[[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|talk]]) 22:04, 9 Aus 2021 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[GNU Free Documentation License]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190013 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20170916084910/http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html annantu a http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:07, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) b994671vcurksg98bpfsimwjfxacb2s 0 4255 190011 189973 2026-05-16T00:07:49Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 2 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 2 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CAM}}{{Programma}} '''GNU''' (acrònimu ricursivu de '''GNU''' is '''N'''ot '''U'''nix!) est unu progetu de [[sistema operativu]] lìberu [[UNIX|tipu-Unix]] incumentzau in su [[1984]] de s'hacker [[Richard Stallman]], a pustis de ai lassau su traballu suu in su Massachussetts Institute of Tecnology, cun sa punna de ponni a pari una colletzioni de programas e librerias de programatzioni lìberus e obertus a su pùblicu, a manera chi chinisisiat ddus potzat impreai, cumpartziri e agiudai a ddus amellorai. GNU est fintzas su nòmini de su sistema chi ndi bessit ponendi a pari totu is programas de su progetu. Su nùcleu (kernel) de su sistema GNU depiat essi [[HURD]], ma sendi chi no est ancora cumpletu, medas distrubuiduras ant prefèrriu s'impreu de su [[Linux (nùcleu)|Kernel Linux]] (sistemas GNU/Linux che Debian) o de àterus sistemas comenti su kernel de [[OpenSolaris]] de Nexenta OS. Oindii, medas programas de GNU funt stètius portadus a sistemas a pagamentu che [[Microsoft Windows]] o [[Apple]] [[MacOS X|Mac OS X]]. == Stòria == [[Richard Stallman]] at incumentzau in su [[1971]] sa carriera sua in su laboratòriu de intelligèntzia artifitziali de su MIT, innui is collaboradoris acostumànt a cumpartziri su software, chi insandus no teniat lissèntzias chi ndi limitànt s'impreu.<ref name=":0">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html.en|tìtulu=The GNU Project|limba=en|atzessu=2024-08-14|dataarchìviu=2024-05-29|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529083822/https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html.en|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Su laboratòriu impreàt un'[[Computer|elaboradori]] Digital PDP-10 e is programadoris iant scritu unu sistema operativu po cussu, s'Incompatible Timesharing System (ITS). Candu custu sistema est bessiu bèciu e su laboratòriu dd'at dèpiu cambiai, sa polìtica de is programas frunius cun is sistemas nous ndi proibiat sa cumpartzidura. Stallman no acetàt custas cunditzionis e duncas in su 1984 at decìdiu de lassai su trabballu suu in su MIT e incumentzai su svilupu de unu sistema operativu nou chi fessit dessintotu lìberu.<ref name=":0" /> Su primu programa de su progetu GNU est stètiu [[Emacs]], unu programa de manìgiu de testus chi in pagu tempus at atirau impitadoris medas. A pustis, Stallman at traballau a unu cumpiladori po su linguàgiu C, [[GNU Compiler Collection]] (GCC), chi at svilupau issu etotu a pustis de ai proau a adatai Pastel, unu cumpiladori chi impreàt una versioni amanniada de su linguàgiu Pascal.<ref name=":0" /> Candu s'interessu po Emacs si-nd'est pesau, àteras personas ant incumentzau a pigai parti a su progetu GNU e in su [[1985]] est nàscia sa [[Free Software Foundation]] cun sa punna de intzulliri su pùblicu a impreai programas lìberus e, in s'incumentzu, cun s'incàrrigu de sa bèndida de is nastrus cun Emacs e àterus programas.<ref name=":0" /> Po amparai su software GNU de sa possibilidadi de si furriai a programa propietàriu, su progetu GNU impreat sa lissèntzia [[Lissèntzia GPL|GNU General Public License]] (GPL), chi introduit su cuntzetu de ''copyleft'' (permissu de autori, s'imbessi de ''copyright'', deretu de autori) chi òbligat a chini bolit spainai còpias (cun càmbius o no) de unu programa chi impreat sa GPL a ddu fai cun sa pròpiu lissèntzia. Segundu su tipu de programa, funt a disponimentu àteras lissèntzias puru, comenti sa GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), una versioni ''lèbia'' de sa GPL imbentada po permiti s'impreu de liberias de programatzioni in programas non-lìberus.<ref name=":0" /> Su sistema GNU fiat agiumai cumpletu in su 1990. S'ùnicu incueddu chi mancàt fiat su [[Sistema operativu#Nùcleu|nùcleu]] (kernel). Su Progetu GNU fiat interessau a impreai su micro-nùcleu Mach po svilupai un'impari de serbidoris chi faessint su traballu de unu nùcleu clàssicu o, comenti a solutzioni de riserva, su nùcleu de [[TRIX (sistema operativu)|TRIX]] o de [[Sprite (sistema operativu)|Sprite]], chi fiant lìberus.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull8.html|tìtulu=GNU's Bulletin, vol. 1 no. 8, January, 1990|autore=Progetu GNU|limba=en|tzitatzione=We hope to use the Mach message-passing kernel being developed at CMU. [...] Should Mach not become available, then we will start the kernel with either MIT's TRIX kernel or Berkeley's Sprite system.|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull10.html|tìtulu=GNU's Bulletin, vol. 1 no. 10, January, 1991|autore=Progetu GNU|limba=en|tzitatzione=We are still interested in a multi-process kernel running on top of Mach|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> A sa fini, Mach est bessiu lìberu e s'est decìdiu de impreai sa primu solutzioni, chi dd'ant postu su nòmini de [[HURD|GNU HURD]]. In s'interis chi su svilupu de HURD stentàt, [[Linus Torvalds]] in su [[1991]] at incumentzau a svilupai unu sistema operativu nou po motivus de spàssiu e stùdiu. Su traballu suu est incumentzau cun su nùcleu ([[Linux (nùcleu)|Linux]]), chi Torvalds e àterus programadoris ant impreau po fai funtzionai is programas de GNU. In custa manera s'est otentu unu [[Linux|sistema operativu cumpletu]], chi de sòlitu ddi narant Linux, ma chi sa Free Software Foundation pedit de ddi nai GNU/Linux<ref name=":0" />. Sendi chi unu sistema Linux est cumpostu po su prus de programas lìberus, chinisisiat ddu podit ponni a pari e spainai impreendi sa lissèntzia GNU GPL: custus sistemas funt is ''distribuiduras'' (o ''distributzionis'', o ''distro'') de Linux<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.linfo.org/distributionslist.html|tìtulu=Major Linux distributions, by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)|situ=www.linfo.org|limba=en|atzessu=2024-08-14}}</ref>. A pustis de Linux, àterus nùcleus funt stètius impreaus po ponni a pari unu sistema GNU: * GNU HURD, po formai unu sistema GNU/Hurd (o GNU isceti<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/faq/gnu.html|tìtulu=You say GNU, don't you mean GNU/Hurd?|situ=www.gnu.org|atzessu=2024-08-14|dataarchìviu=2024-08-14|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814104356/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/faq/gnu.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>); * XNU, impreendi Darwin comenti a basi, (GNU/Darwin); * su nùcleu de NetBSD (GNU/NetBSD); * su nùcleu de FreeBSD (GNU/kFreeBSD); * su nùcleu de OpenSolaris (solutzioni impreada de NexentaOS e OpenIndiana). == Riferimentus == <references /> == Ligòngius esternus == [http://www.gnu.org Sa pàgina ofitziali de su progetu GNU] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222101726/http://www.gnu.org/ |date=2011-02-22 }} [[category:Informàtica]] kbgd63qo42urrlrm7ch243r9v9fp3va 0 4256 190017 176588 2026-05-16T00:36:05Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 8 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190017 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CAM}}[[File:Hurd-logo.png|Logo de HURD|thumb]] '''Hurd''' est un'impari de programas po [[Computer|elaboradori]] chi in su [[GNU|sistema GNU]] fait su traballu de su [[Sistema operativu#Nùcleu|nùcleu]] (''kernel''). Est progetau comenti grupu de [[Serbidore (informàtica)|serbidoris]] chi funtzionant asuba de unu micro-nùcleu<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd.html|tìtulu=What Is the GNU Hurd?|situ=www.gnu.org|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-23|dataarchìviu=2011-09-02|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902232009/http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. Sa punna de Hurd est de essi cumpatìbili cun [[UNIX]] ma fintzas de ddu sorigai e bessiri mellus in fatu de progetu, seguresa, stabilidadi e lestresa<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/advantages.html|tìtulu=advantages|situ=www.gnu.org|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-23|dataarchìviu=2023-03-15|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315045201/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/advantages.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. Sendi chi no est mai istadu acabau, is distribuiduras de su sistema operativu GNU ant preferriu a oberai àterus nùcleus, comenti a [[Linux (nùcleu)|Linux]]<ref name=":1">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.it.html|tìtulu=Linux e il sistema GNU|limba=it|atzessu=2022-03-23|dataarchìviu=2022-03-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322041636/http://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.it.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. == Stòria == Su svilupu de Hurd est incumentzau in su [[1990]], candu su micro-nùcleu Mach est bessiu lìberu de impreai comenti basi de su traballu<ref name=":0">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history.html|tìtulu=history|situ=www.gnu.org|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-23}}</ref>. S'annùntziu de su progetu est arribau in su [[1991]] in su newsgroup de GNU, cun is tres punnas de su progetu:<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history/hurd-announce|tìtulu=FSF work on a GNU OS|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-23|dataarchìviu=2022-02-02|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202041844/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history/hurd-announce|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * cumpatibilidadi binària cun [[BSD]] 4.4 e àterus sistemas U*x o U*xish, candu fiat possìbili; * cunformidadi cun [[POSIX]]; * facilidadi de impreu, presentada de piessìnnius e funtzionalidadis nous. Una versioni de proa, sa 0.0, est stètia publicada in s'austu de su [[1996]] e cumprendiat su còdixi de unus cantu serbidoris, librerias e programas de utilidadi<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history/hurd-flash13|tìtulu=Hurd 0.0 and GNU 0.0 released|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-23|dataarchìviu=2022-02-02|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202042139/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history/hurd-flash13|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. Unu mesi apustis ant publicau sa versioni 0.1 e in su [[1997]] sa versioni 0.2<ref name=":0" />. Mancai su disènniu a micro-kernel de custu progetu siat prus modernu e cun bantaxus medas, est prus cumplicau chi no unu nùcleu monoliticu<ref>{{Tzita publicatzione|tìtulu=Revolution OS (min 25:25)|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-24|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jw8K460vx1c&start=1525}}</ref>. Difatis, is programadoris ant stentau a lompi a una versioni stàbili de Hurd e in s'interis chini fiat circhendi de otenni unu [[sistema operativu]] lìberu cumpriu at impreau su [[Linux (nùcleu)|nùcleu Linux]] impari cun is programas de [[GNU]]<ref name=":1" />. Su traballu, comenti e chi siat, est sighiu e in s'interis funt nàscias unas cantu distribuiduras de su sistema GNU/Hurd<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/running/distrib.html|tìtulu=distrib|situ=www.gnu.org|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-23|dataarchìviu=2022-03-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322130853/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/running/distrib.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. In su [[2013]], 16 annus apustis de s'ùrtima versioni ofitziali, est arribada sa 0.5<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/news/2013-09-27.html|tìtulu=2013-09-27|situ=www.gnu.org|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-24|dataarchìviu=2022-03-24|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324214009/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/news/2013-09-27.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> po festai is 30 annus de su progetu GNU. Àteras cuàturu ndi funt arribadas intra su [[2015]] e su [[2016]], lompendi in su mesi de idas de su 2016 a sa versioni 0.9<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/news/2016-12-18-releases.html|tìtulu=2016-12-18-releases|situ=www.gnu.org|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-24|dataarchìviu=2016-12-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222235236/http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/news/2016-12-18-releases.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. == Riferimentus == <references /> == Acàpius de foras == * [http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd.html Pagina de HURD in su progetu GNU] [[Categoria:Unix]] 51a0xnsinywso11m7g3v8w8mabj3vbw 4 5845 190027 167148 2026-05-16T02:16:35Z YiFeiBot 8199 migrazione automatica di 1 collegamenti interwiki a [[d:Wikidata:Pagina_principale|Wikidata]], [[d:q4656249]] 190027 wikitext text/x-wiki Totus is lìnias ghias de [[Wikipedia]] si pesant a pitzu de '''chimbe pilastros''' chi defìnint su caràtere de su progetu: {| style="background:none" |[[Immàgini:BluePillar.svg|47px]] || '''Wikipedia est un'entziclopedia'''. |- |&nbsp; |- |[[Immàgini:GreenPillar.svg|47px]] || '''Wikipedia tenet unu puntu de bista neutrale'''. |- |&nbsp; |- |[[Immàgini:YellowPillar.svg|47px]] ||'''Wikipedia est lìbera'''. |- |&nbsp; |- |[[Immàgini:OrangePillar.svg|47px]] ||'''Wikipedia tenet unu còdighe de cumportamentu'''. |- |&nbsp; |- |[[Immàgini:RedPillar.svg|47px]] || '''Wikipedia non tenet règulas firmas'''. |} [[Categoria:Agiudu]] [[ml:വിക്കിപീഡിയ:പഞ്ചസ്തംഭങ്ങള്‍]] 6cowitszhhs6u3y0pea9gll4f2yjfl0 0 8159 190000 189194 2026-05-15T21:33:20Z Mistico Dois 19393 Mistico Dois moved page [[Henri Gaudier-Brzeska/sulcitanu]] to [[Henri Gaudier-Brzeska]] over redirect 126558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{s}} {{Dialettu|Sulcitanu}} {{Bio |Nòmene = Henri |Sambenàdu = Gaudier-Brzeska |Sesso = M |LoguNascita =Saint-Jean-de-Braye |LoguNascitaAlt = |DieMeseNascita = 4 santugaine |AnnuNascita = [[1891]] |LoguMorte = Neuville-Saint-Vaast |DieMeseMorte = 5 làmpadas |AnnuMorte = 1915 |PreFaìna = |Faìna = scultori |Epoca = |Epoca2 = |Faìna2 = pintori |Faìna3 = |FaìnaAltre = |Natzionalidade = frantzesu |Postnatzionalidade = , de stili [[vorticismu|vorticista]] }} [[Categoria:Biografias|Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri]] [[Categoria:Iscultores|Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri]] [[Categoria:Pintores|Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri]] o54whx3f1q6ak9rc4yt5yh6c5uou4zv 0 10243 190015 189930 2026-05-16T00:17:36Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190015 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{Biografia|immàgine=Mialinu Pira e Giuanne Lilliu.jpg|descritzione=Giuanni Lilliu (a dereta) cun [[Mialinu Pira]]|logu_de_nàschida=[[Barùmini]]|logu_de_morte=[[Casteddu]]|àteros_nùmenes=Giuanne Lilliu|data_de_nàschida=13 de martzu de su 1914|data_de_morte=19 de freàrgiu de su 2012|traballu=archeòlogu, publitzista, paleontòlogu, acadèmicu e polìticu|istitutzione_de_traballu=[[Universidade de Casteddu]]|natzionalidade=sarda|tzitadinàntzia=italiana|positzione_de_traballu=professore ordinàriu, prèside de sa Facultade de Lìteras e Filosofia|campu=archeologia nuràgica, paleontologia, paletnologia|prèmios=*Glorificatzione "Sardus Pater" de sa [[Regione Autònoma de sa Sardigna]] pro sos personàgios chi si siant distintos pro mèritos de annotu de balore culturale, sotziale o morale e apant dadu lustru a sa Sardigna (2007)|interessos_printzipales=istòria e preistòria sardas|alma_mater=Universidade "La Sapienza" de Roma}} '''Giuanni Lilliu''' ([[Barùmini]], 13 de [[martzu]] de su [[1914]] – [[Casteddu]], 19 de [[freàrgiu]] de su [[2012]])<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.fondazionesardinia.eu/ita/?p=7824|tìtulu=SU MASTRU MANNU DE S’ARCHEOLOGIA EST OE PURU UNA GHIA SEGURA: GIUANNE LILLIU DUOS ANNOS A PUSTIS DE S’ISCUMPÀRFIDA|sambenadu=Francioni|nùmene=Federicu|editore=Fondazione Sardinia|atzessu=2020-04-20}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Tzita noas|url=https://salimbasarda.net/sabadu-a-laconi-pro-ammentare-a-giuanni-lilliu/|tìtulu=Sàbadu, a Làconi pro ammentare a Giuanni Lilliu|publicatzione=Limba Sarda 2.0|data=2018-03-15|atzessu=2021-04-29}}</ref> est istadu un'[[Archeologia|archeòlogu]], publitzista, paleontòlogu e polìticu [[Populu sardu|sardu]], reconnotu in gènere che a su connoschidore prus mannu de sa [[tziviltade nuraghesa]] chi bi siat istadu. Archeòlogu de fama internatzionale, est connotu mescamente pro àere batidu a sa lughe sa règia nuràgica de [[Su Nuraxi]] in sa bidda nadale sua, decrarada in su [[1997]] [[Patrimonios de s'Umanidade|patrimòniu de s'umanidade]] dae s'[[UNESCO]].<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/267?s=7&v=9&c=28513&nodesc=1|tìtulu=Arte nuràgica - Archeologia|atzessu=2021-04-30|dataarchìviu=2021-05-03|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503030908/http://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/267?s=7&v=9&c=28513&nodesc=1|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> == Biografia == Laureadu in Lìteras clàssicas, est istadu dischente de Ugo Rellini in s'"Iscola Natzionale de Archeologia" de [[Roma]], in ue at otentu s'ispetzializatzione. Dae su 1943 a su [[1943|1945]] at operadu in sa "Soprintendèntzia a sas Antighidades de sa [[Sardigna]]". In su [[1972]] at fundadu e a pustis dirìgidu pro bint'annos s'"Iscola de ispetzializatzione in Istùdios Sardos" de s'[[Universidade de Casteddu]], cun su ruolu de Professore ordinàriu de Paletnologia cun s'insegnamentu de Antighidades sardas. Benit cunsideradu, in paris cun Ernesto de Martino e Alberto Mario Cirese, unu de sos fundadores de s'Iscola antropològica de [[Casteddu]], siat in cantu ordinàriu de Paletnologia, siat che a fundadore e, a pustis, Presidente de s'Istitutu superiore regionale etnogràficu (ISRE) de Nùgoro pro medas annos, siat mescamente pro sos interesses transdisciplinares mannos suos in s'istùdiu de sa preistòria. Est istadu pro medas annos Prèside de sa Facultade de Lìteras e Filosofia. At dirìgidu sa rivista "''Studi Sardi''" e su "''Nuovo Bollettino Archeologico Sardo''". At fatu fintzas fainas polìticas a livellu locale, essende istadu cussigeri regionale dae su [[1969]] a su 1974 e cussigeri cumonale in [[Casteddu]] dae su [[1974|1975]] a su [[1980]] semper in sas filas de sa Democratzia Cristiana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Tzita noas|limba=it|autore=Giulio Angioni|url=http://lanuovasardegna.gelocal.it/regione/2012/02/20/news/la-vita-e-le-opere-di-un-profeta-ottimista-1.3669477|tìtulu=La vita e le opere di un profeta ottimista|publicatzione=[[La Nuova Sardegna]]|data=2020-02-20|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105203150/http://lanuovasardegna.gelocal.it/regione/2012/02/20/news/la-vita-e-le-opere-di-un-profeta-ottimista-1.3669477|dataarchìviu=2013-11-05|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. Est istadu membru de medas istitutos sientìficos italianos e de àteros istados e dae su [[1990]] Acadèmicu de s'Acadèmia de sos Lintzeos. In su [[2007]] at retzidu dae sa [[Regione Autònoma de sa Sardigna]] sa glorificatzione "[[Sardus Pater]]" istituida pròpiu in cudd'annu che a reconnoschimentu de assignare a tzitadinos sardos e istràngios chi si siant distintos pro mèritos de annotu de balore culturale, sotziale o morale e apant dadu lustru a sa Sardigna.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.regione.sardegna.it/j/v/13?&s=66832&v=2&c=392&t=1|tìtulu=Consegnato a Giovanni Lilliu il "Sardus Pater"|situ=www.regione.sardegna.it|limba=it|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2021-10-27|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027103802/https://www.regione.sardegna.it/j/v/13?&s=66832&v=2&c=392&t=1|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Tzita noas|url=https://www.lacanas.it/novas/2012/a-giuanni-lilliu-su-premiu-sardus-pater/|tìtulu=A Giuanni Lilliu su premiu Sardus Pater|publicatzione=Làcanas.it}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Tzita web|url=http://virtualarchaeology.sardegnacultura.it/index.php/it/siti-archeologici/periodo-nuragico/villaggio-nuragico-di-su-nuraxi/schede-di-dettaglio/1416-giovanni-lilliu-padre-dell-archeologia-sarda|tìtulu=Giovanni Lilliu, padre dell’archeologia sarda|limba=it|atzessu=2021-04-30|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> In paris a su traballu acadèmicu suo ligadu a s'archeologia est istadu fintzas un'ativista pro sa limba sarda, impreende·la in medas iscritos e artìculos suos (pro giornales e rivistas che a Nazione Sarda, Sardigna Antiga, S'Ischiglia,<ref>{{Tzita publicatzione|nùmene=Giuanni|sambenadu=Lilliu|annu=1980|mese=maju|tìtulu=Emiliu Lussu e sa lingua sarda|rivista=S'Ischiglia|atzessu=2021-04-30|url=https://www.sischiglia.it/emiliu-lussu-e-sa-lingua-sarda/}}</ref> [[L'Unione Sarda]] e medas àteros) e chirchende de la batire in sas istitutziones e in s'Universidade.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.anthonymuroni.it/2018/03/14/giuanni-lilliu-unomine-mannu-pariat-minore/|tìtulu=Giuanni Lilliu: un'òmine mannu chi pariat minore|autore=Anthony Muroni|sambenadu=Corongiu|nùmene=Giuseppe|situ=Anthony Muroni|data=2018-03-14|atzessu=2021-04-30|dataarchìviu=2021-01-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122035318/http://www.anthonymuroni.it/2018/03/14/giuanni-lilliu-unomine-mannu-pariat-minore/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.sotziulimbasarda.net/luglio2006/lilliulsc.htm|tìtulu=Lilliu: Bene sa LSC. S'Universidade e sa Crèsia fatzant de prus pro sa limba bia|situ=Sotziu Limba Sarda|data=2006-07-25|atzessu=2021-04-30|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.sindipendente.com/blog/annos-70-maistros-de-limba-sarda-ischedados-dae-su-minist%C3%A8riu|tìtulu=Annos '70. Maistros de limba sarda ischedados dae su Ministèriu|sambenadu=Serra|nùmene=Sarvadore|situ=S'Indipendente|data=2021-03-02|limba=sc|atzessu=2021-04-30|dataarchìviu=2021-04-30|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430141124/https://www.sindipendente.com/blog/annos-70-maistros-de-limba-sarda-ischedados-dae-su-minist%C3%A8riu|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Tzita noas|limba=it|url=https://www.lanuovasardegna.it/regione/2013/07/11/news/l-isola-ricorda-giovanni-lilliu-1.7402340|tìtulu=L’isola ricorda Giovanni Lilliu|publicatzione=[[La Nuova Sardegna]]|data=2013-07-11|atzessu=2021-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.luigiladu.it/Articoli/ppulina_giovanni_lilliu.htm|tìtulu=Giovanni Lilliu, sommo archeologo, ma anche osservatore e protagonista della politica e della cultura della Sardegna|sambenadu=Pulina|nùmene=Paolo|limba=it|atzessu=2021-04-30}}</ref> Medas de sos artìculos suos in sardu los ant torrados a publicare in su 2004, in su libru ''Sentidu de Libbertade'', in ocasione de sos noranta annos suos.<ref>{{Tzita libru|nùmene=Giovanni|sambenadu=Lilliu|tìtulu=Sentidu de libbertade|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/56122010|annu=2004|editore=CUEC|tzitade=Casteddu|OCLC=56122010|ISBN=88-8467-183-3}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/253?s=26719&v=2&c=28305&c1=28334&visb=&t=1|tìtulu=Giuanni Lilliu|situ=Sardegna Cultura|atzessu=2021-04-30|dataarchìviu=2021-04-30|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430141114/http://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/253?s=26719&v=2&c=28305&c1=28334&visb=&t=1|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Semper cun custa punna su cussìgiu de sa Facultade de Lìteras e Filosofia, cando issu fiat Prèside, at deliberadu, in su 19 de [[freàrgiu]] de su 1971, de propònnere su reconnoschimentu de su [[Populu sardu|pòpulu sardu]] comente minoria ètnicu-linguìstica. Custa proposta l'ant imbiada a totu sos comunes de sa Sardigna, e unos cantos de cussos (a es. [[Barùmini]], [[Bonolva|Bonorva]], [[Monte]]) aiant torradu risposta in sardu.<ref name=":2" /> Est istadu fintzas su promotore de s'istitutzione de s'[[Istitutu superiore regionale etnogràficu|ISRE - Istitutu Superiore Regionale Etnogràficu]], fundadu in su 1972, in ue est istadu presidente dae su 1985 a su 1995.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> Est mortu in [[Casteddu]] su 19 de freàrgiu de su [[2012]] a s'edade de 97 annos.<ref>{{Tzita noas|url=https://www.ilminuto.info/sc/2012/02/sa-morti-de-giuanni-lilliu-sarcheologu-de-sa-sardigna-chi-arresistit|tìtulu=Sa morti de Giuanni Lilliu. S'archeólogu de sa Sardigna chi "arresistit"|publicatzione=IlMinuto|data=2012-02-22|atzessu=2021-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita noas|limba=it|autore=|url=http://www.unionesarda.it/Articoli/Articolo/254451|tìtulu=È morto l'archeologo Lilliu Guru della civiltà nuragica|publicatzione=[[L'Unione Sarda]]|data=2012-02-21|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20120221211809/http://www.unionesarda.it/Articoli/Articolo/254451|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> In su 2013 su Comune de Barùmini, in paris cun sa Fundatzione Barumini Sistema Cultura, l'at dedicadu una mustra in su tzentru intituladu a issu, semper in Barùmini, e in su 2014 sas sovrintendèntzias sardas nd'ant fatu un'àtera in Casteddu, in su tzentru "San Pancrazio".<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> In su 2018 su Coordinamentu Sardu Ufitziale nd'at fatu un'ammentu in Làconi, bidda chi l'aiat dadu sa tzitadinàntzia onorària.<ref name=":0" /> == Òperas == Sa bibliografia de sas òperas de Lilliu est manna meda, cun deghinas de annos de traballu.<ref>{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Sardegna e Mediterraneo negli scritti di Giovanni Lilliu|url=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319503100007.pdf|data=2008|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|limba=it|pp=11-15|volume=1|OCLC=955203671|ISBN=978-88-7138-502-0|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2021-04-11|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411045743/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319503100007.pdf|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Custa est una lista partziale de sas òperas prus connotas: *{{Tzita publicatzione|annu=1953|mese=santugaine|tìtulu=I nuraghi della Sardegna|rivista=Le vie d'Italia|volume=LIX|nùmeru=10|pp=1289-1297|limba=it|url=http://www.sardegnaturismo.it/documenti/1_105_20070124154455.pdf|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2014-11-06|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20141106175922/http://www.sardegnaturismo.it/documenti/1_105_20070124154455.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|nùmene=Giovanni|sambenadu=Lilliu|nùmene2=Enrico|sambenadu2=Atzeni|nùmene3=Antonio|sambenadu3=Segni|tìtulu=La civiltà dei Sardi dal neolitico all'età dei nuraghi|data=1963|editore=ERI|tzitade=Torinu|limba=it|OCLC=251212723}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Sculture della Sardegna nuragica|data=1966|editore=La Zattera|tzitade=Casteddu|limba=it|OCLC=536140}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=La civiltà nuragica|data=1982|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|tzitade=Tàtari|limba=it|OCLC=477131483}} *{{Tzita libru|nùmene=Giovanni|sambenadu=Lilliu|curadore=Alberto Moravetti|tìtulu=Cultura e culture: storia e problemi della Sardegna negli scritti giornalistici di Giovanni Lilliu|data=1995|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|tzitade=Tàtari|limba=it|OCLC=907709797|ISBN=978-88-7138-113-8}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Arte e religione della Sardegna prenuragica|url=http://www.sardegnacultura.it/documenti/7_26_20060401123937.pdf|data=1999|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|tzitade=Tàtari|limba=it|OCLC=468515858|ISBN=978-88-7138-175-6|atzessu=2021-04-30|dataarchìviu=2012-11-13|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113210412/http://www.sardegnacultura.it/documenti/7_26_20060401123937.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=La costante resistenziale sarda|url=http://www.sardegnacultura.it/documenti/7_26_20060401174110.pdf|data=2002|editore=Ilisso|tzitade=Nùgoro|limba=it|OCLC=469935047|ISBN=978-88-87825-42-8|atzessu=2021-04-30|dataarchìviu=2012-12-24|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20121224225237/http://www.sardegnacultura.it/documenti/7_26_20060401174110.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=La civiltà dei Sardi dal Paleolitico all'età dei nuraghi|annuoriginale=1988|annu=2003|editore=Il Maestrale|tzitade=Nùgoro|limba=it|OCLC=795912404|ISBN=978-88-86109-73-4}} *{{Tzita libru|àteros=prefatzione de Alberto Moravetti|tìtulu=I nuraghi: torri preistoriche di Sardegna|url=http://www.sardegnacultura.it/documenti/7_49_20060511103620.pdf|data=2005|editore=Ilisso|tzitade=Nùgoro|limba=it|OCLC=886305669|ISBN=978-88-89188-53-8|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2013-09-23|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923020912/http://www.sardegnacultura.it/documenti/7_49_20060511103620.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Sardegna nuragica|url=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2008040218311700023.pdf|data=2006|editore=Il Maestrale|limba=it|OCLC=839274535|ISBN=978-88-89801-78-9|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2012-03-03|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303205232/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2008040218311700023.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|nùmene=Giovanni|sambenadu=Lilliu|tìtulu=Sentidu de libbertade|url=https://docplayer.net/47007055-Giovanni-lilliu-sentidu-de-libbertade.html|annu=2004|editore=CUEC|tzitade=Casteddu|OCLC=56122010|ISBN=88-8467-183-3|atzessu=2021-06-29|dataarchìviu=2021-06-29|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629140358/https://docplayer.net/47007055-Giovanni-lilliu-sentidu-de-libbertade.html|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Sardegna e Mediterraneo negli scritti di Giovanni Lilliu|url=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319503100007.pdf|annu=2008|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|tzitade=Tàtari|limba=it|volume=1|OCLC=955203671|ISBN=978-88-7138-502-0|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2021-04-11|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411045743/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319503100007.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Sardegna e Mediterraneo negli scritti di Giovanni Lilliu|url=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319511800009.pdf|annu=2008|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|tzitade=Tàtari|limba=it|volume=2|OCLC=955203714|ISBN=978-88-7138-502-0|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2022-03-07|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307035845/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319511800009.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Sardegna e Mediterraneo negli scritti di Giovanni Lilliu|url=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319501100005.pdf|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|limba=it|volume=3|OCLC=955203625|ISBN=978-88-7138-502-0|tzitade=Tàtari|annu=2008|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2021-05-13|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513191940/https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319501100005.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Sardegna e Mediterraneo negli scritti di Giovanni Lilliu|url=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319510800008.pdf|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|limba=it|volume=4|OCLC=955203626|ISBN=978-88-7138-502-0|tzitade=Tàtari|annu=2008|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2021-08-31|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831192150/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319510800008.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Sardegna e Mediterraneo negli scritti di Giovanni Lilliu|url=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319502100006.pdf|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|limba=it|volume=5|OCLC=955203401|ISBN=978-88-7138-502-0|tzitade=Tàtari|annu=2008|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2022-03-07|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307035929/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319502100006.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Sardegna e Mediterraneo negli scritti di Giovanni Lilliu|url=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/documenti/17_81_20090309104950.pdf|editore=Carlo Delfino editore|limba=it|volume=5|OCLC=955203402|ISBN=978-88-7138-502-0|tzitade=Tàtari|annu=2008|atzessu=2020-04-19|dataarchìviu=2022-03-07|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307035858/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/documenti/17_81_20090309104950.pdf|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|nùmene=Giovanni|sambenadu=Lilliu|curadore=Alberto Contu|tìtulu=Opere|annu=2008|editore=Zonza Editori|limba=it|ISBN=978-88-8470-209-8}} == Notas == <references /> == Ligàmenes esternos == * {{Tzita web|http://www.emigratisardi.com/old/Giovanni-Lilliu-archeologo.html|Intervista a Giovanni Lilliu|limba=it|atzessu=24 nadale 2009|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20091217180931/http://www.emigratisardi.com/old/Giovanni-Lilliu-archeologo.html|dataarchìviu=17 nadale 2009|urlmortu=eja}} * {{Tzita web|http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/833|Su Nuraxi de Barùmini in su portale de s'Unesco|limba=en}} * {{YouTube|autore=Enrico Putzolu|produidore=TCS - Tele Costa Smeralda|hXYk9AGUWZo|LOGOS DE LOGU 2020 13PUNTATA|minutu=19|segundu=55}} (in s'ùrtima parte de sa puntada [[Frantziscu Casula]] chistionat de Giuanne Lilliu) {{Controllu de autoridade}} [[Categoria:BioBot]] [[Categoria:Sardos]] [[Categoria:Archeologia]] [[Categoria:Archeologos]] [[Categoria:Istòria de Sardigna]] [[Categoria:Giornalistas]] nsx6k1o12idw1q8xai8zhbutzzpzbi4 0 10637 190003 187886 2026-05-15T23:11:06Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LOG}} [[File:September 11 Photo Montage.jpg|thumb|Fila 1: sas Turres Cròbinas brùsiant in Manhattan<br>Fila 2: sa setzione ruta de su Pentàgonu (manu manca); sa tzacarràda de su Bolu United Airlines 175 subra de sa Turre Sud (manu dereta)<br>Fila 3: unu pompieri manovrat sos sucursos in Ground Zero (manu manca); agatada de unu motore de su Bolu United Airlines 93 (manu dereta)<br>Fila 4: su Bolu American Airlines 77 registradu dae una telecàmera de seguridade mentras si tzacarrat subra de su Pentàgonu]] Sos '''atentados de s’11 de cabudanni''' fiant istados una filera de bator atacos terroristas coordinados lantzados dae su grupu terrorista isràmigu [[al-Qaeda]] contra a sos [[Istados Unidos de Amèrica|Istados Aunidos]] in sas zonas de [[New York City|Noa Iorcu]] e [[Washington]] s’11 de [[Cabidanni|cabudanni]] de su [[2001]]. == Sos atacos == In cussu martis a manzanu, 19 terroristas de al-Qaeda aiant desviadu bator aparèchios de passizeris, cun s’intentu de los aderetare chirru a fraigos antisapostivigados in atacos suitzidales. Duos de sos bolarzos narados, currespondedores a su bolu 11 de American Airlines<ref>{{Tzita publicatzione|autore=National Transportation Safety Board|tìtulu=Fligh Path Study - American Airlines Flight 11|limba=en|url=https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//NSAEBB/NSAEBB196/doc01.pdf}}</ref> e a su bolu 175 de United Airlines<ref>{{Tzita publicatzione|autore=National Transportation Safety Board|tìtulu=Fligh Path Study - United Airlines Flight 175|limba=en|url=https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//NSAEBB/NSAEBB196/doc03.pdf}}</ref>, si fiant tzacarrados contra a sas turres nordu e suddu respetivamente de su cumparis de su World Trade Center in Noa Iorcu. Ambas turres si fiant istrampadas in intro de duas oras e sas muridinas ruende, cumbinadas cun fogos zenerados dae sas muridinas in diferentes fragos inghiriadores, nch’aiat zutu a s’istrampada totale o partiale de totu sos àteros fraigos de su cumparis de su World Trade Center, faghende dannu manu finas a àteras deghe istruturas de dimensiones mannas chi s’agataiant in sas imediaturas de su cumparis<ref name=":0">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ilmessaggero.it/primopiano/esteri/11_settembre_2001_attentato_torri_gemelle_world_trade_center_morti_feriti_aerei_terroristi-584765.html|tìtulu=11 settembre 2001, l'attentato alle Torri Gemelle che cambiò la Storia|nùmene=|situ=www.ilmessaggero.it|limba=it|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref>. Unu tertzu aparèchiu, currespondedore a su bolu 77 de American Airlines, fiat istadu fatu tzacarrare contra a su Pentàgonu (sa sea tzentrale de su Departamentu Ameriganu de sa Defesa), zughende a un’istrampada partiale de s’ala sua otzidentale<ref name=":0" />. Su de bator bolarzos, currespondedore a su bolu 93 de United Airlines<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/law/0604/transcript.flight93/index.html|tìtulu=CNN.com - Flight 93 Transcript - Apr 12, 2006|nùmene=|situ=web.archive.org|data=2006-04-13|atzessu=2021-04-03|dataarchìviu=2006-04-13|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20060413142504/http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/law/0604/transcript.flight93/index.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>, fiat aderetadu forsis contra a su Cabitòliu de Washington o sa Domo Arba<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://govinfo.library.unt.edu/911/report/911Report_Ch7.htm|tìtulu=National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States|nùmene=|situ=govinfo.library.unt.edu|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref>, peroe si fiat tzacarradu contra a unu campu a curtzu de Shankville in [[Pennsylvania]], a pustis chi sos passizeris aiant chircadu de cavacare sos desviadores<ref name=":0" />. Belle 3.000 pessones fiant mortas in sos atentados, incrùdidos totu sos 246 tziviles e sos 19 desviadores a bordu de sos bator aparèchios<ref name=":0" />. Unas 200 persones fiant mortas in antis de sa ruta de sas torres ghetende·si·nde dae sas bentanas pro fuire dae su fogu<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/sept11/2002-09-02-jumper_x.htm|tìtulu="Desperation forced a horrific decision|limba=en|atzessu=18 ghennàrgiu 2018}}</ref>, comente ammustradu dae sa fotografia "[[The Falling Man]]". == Imbìstigos e cosseguèntzias == Sas suspetas nche fiant rutas luego a subra de al-Qaeda, e in su 2004 [[Osama bin Laden]] su lìderu de su grupu terrorista, chi a sa prima aiat denegadu s’imboligamentu<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://archive.is/U7T9I|tìtulu=Bin Laden says he wasn't behind attacks - CNN|situ=archive.is|data=2013-01-19|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref>, aiat rebindigadu sos atacos<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/bin-laden-claims-responsibility-for-9-11-1.513654|tìtulu=Bin Laden claims responsibility for 9/11|situ=CBC|data=29 santugaine 2004|limba=en}}</ref>. al-Qaeda e bin Laden aiant tzitadu s’arrimu de sos IAA pro [[Israele]], sa presèntzia de tropas istadunidesas in s’[[Aràbia Saudita]] e sas santziones contra a s’[[Iraq|Iracu]] comente motivos iscadenadores de sos atentados<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://undicisettembre.blogspot.com/2007/04/al-qaeda-ammissioni-e-rivendicazioni.html|tìtulu=Al Qaeda: dichiarazioni, ammissioni e rivendicazioni sull'11/9|situ=undicisettembre|data=2007-04-10|limba=it|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/nov/24/theobserver|tìtulu=Full text: bin Laden's 'letter to America'|autore=Guardian Staff|nùmene=|situ=the Guardian|data=2002-11-24|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref>. Sos Istados Aunidos aiant respòndidu a sos atacos lantzende sa gherra contra a su terrore e intervenende a s’[[Afganistàn|Afganistanu]] pro bortulare sos talebanos, chi aiant dadu refuzu a al-Qaeda<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/la-risposta-statunitense-agli-attentati-dell-11-settembre_(Atlante-Geopolitico)|tìtulu=La risposta statunitense agli attentati dell'11 settembre in "Atlante Geopolitico"|nùmene=|situ=www.treccani.it|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref>. Medas paìsos aiant afortidu sa lezisradura issoro e aiant ispàndidu sos poderes de aprigadura de sas lezes<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.g8.fr/evian/english/navigation/g8_documents/archives_from_previous_summits/kananaskis_summit_-_2002/g8_counter-terrorism_cooperation_since_september_11th_backgrounder.html|tìtulu=G8 counter-terrorism cooperation since September 11th backgrounder|situ=web.archive.org|data=2011-09-27|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03|dataarchìviu=2011-09-27|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927084019/http://www.g8.fr/evian/english/navigation/g8_documents/archives_from_previous_summits/kananaskis_summit_-_2002/g8_counter-terrorism_cooperation_since_september_11th_backgrounder.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. A pustis de evitare s’atzapamentu pro annos, bin Laden fiat istadu logalizadu e ochìidu dae fortzas ameriganas in su maju de 2.011<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/02/osama-bin-laden-dead-obama|tìtulu=Osama bin Laden is dead, Obama announces|nùmene=|situ=the Guardian|data=2011-05-02|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref>. Sa destruidura de sas Turres Cròbinas e de àteras propiedades aiat causadu dannos graes a s’economia de Manhattan de zosso e aiat infruìdu in manera sinnifigativa a pitzos de sos mercados grobales<ref>{{Tzita publicatzione|autore=Gail Makinen|data=27 cabudanni 2002|tìtulu=The Economic Effects of 9/11: A Retrospective Assessment|limba=en|url=https://fas.org/irp/crs/RL31617.pdf|atzessu=2021-04-03|dataarchìviu=2021-08-12|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812212403/https://fas.org/irp/crs/RL31617.pdf|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. == Fràigu nou e memoriales == [[File:One world trade center august 2019.jpg|thumb|Sa Turre One World Trade Center noa]] Sa reinnetadura de su logu in ue s’agataiat su World Trade Center fiat istada cumpretada in su maju de 2002<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,54002,00.html|tìtulu=Silent Tribute Marks End of Ground Zero Search {{!}} Fox News|situ=web.archive.org|data=2012-10-22|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03|dataarchìviu=2012-10-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022075234/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,54002,00.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>, e su Pentàgonu fiat istadu acontzadu in intro de un’annu<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/09/11/ar911.memorial.pentagon/|tìtulu=Phoenix rises: Pentagon honors 'hard-hat patriots' - September 11, 2002|situ=web.archive.org|data=2004-12-18|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03|dataarchìviu=2004-12-18|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20041218040531/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/09/11/ar911.memorial.pentagon/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. Numerosos memoriales sunt istados fraigados, incrùdidu su Memoriale e Museu Nassionale de s’11 de Cabudanni in Noa Iorcu<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://viaggi.corriere.it/itinerari-e-luoghi/new-york-memorial/|tìtulu=New York inaugura il memorial 9/11|nùmene=|situ=Dove Viaggi|data=2013-12-04|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/esteri/2014/05/15/news/11_9_obama_usa_memorial-86231809/|tìtulu=11/9, inaugura il museo di Ground Zero. Obama: &quot;Sia luogo di pace e riconciliazione&quot;|nùmene=|situ=la Repubblica|data=2014-05-15|limba=it|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref>, su Memoriale de su Pentàgonu<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/2008/09/sezioni/esteri/commemorazione-11-settembre/commemorazione-11-settembre/commemorazione-11-settembre.html?refresh_ce|tìtulu=Tregua Obama-McCain per l'11/9 L'America ricorda i suoi morti - esteri - Repubblica.it|nùmene=|situ=www.repubblica.it|limba=it|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.defenselink.mil/photos/newsphoto.aspx?newsphotoid=4018|tìtulu=DefenseLINK News Photos|situ=web.archive.org|data=2009-11-30|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03|dataarchìviu=2009-11-30|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20091130081905/http://www.defenselink.mil/photos/newsphoto.aspx?newsphotoid=4018|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>, e su Memoriale Nassionale de su Bolu 93 in Pennsylvania<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.nps.gov/flni/index.htm|tìtulu=Flight 93 National Memorial (U.S. National Park Service)|autore=Mailing Address: P. O. Box 911 Shanksville, PA 15560 Phone:893-6322 Contact Us|nùmene=|situ=www.nps.gov|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref>. A pustis de un’atardamentu longu, s'One Work Trade Center nou, artu 541 m., in su matessi logu in ue fiant postas sas turres destruìdas, est istadu cumpretadu in su 2013<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/05/02/crowning-1-world-trade-center/|tìtulu=Crowning 1 World Trade Center|autore=Andy Newman|situ=City Room|data=2013-05-02|limba=en-US|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.wtc.com/about/history|tìtulu=History - Timeline {{!}}{{!}} World Trade Center|nùmene=|situ=www.wtc.com|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03}}</ref> e abertu su 3 santandria 2014<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://onewtc.com/news/world-trade-center-re-opens-as-tallest-building-in-america|tìtulu=World Trade Center Re-opens as Tallest Building in America - One World Trade Center|situ=web.archive.org|data=2015-09-04|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03|dataarchìviu=2015-09-04|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904120549/http://onewtc.com/news/world-trade-center-re-opens-as-tallest-building-in-america|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2014/11/03/news/companies/one-world-trade-center/index.html|tìtulu=One World Trade Center opens today|autore=Aaron Smith|situ=CNNMoney|data=2014-11-03|limba=en|atzessu=2021-04-03|dataarchìviu=2020-01-18|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20200118211856/https://money.cnn.com/2014/11/03/news/companies/one-world-trade-center/index.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. == Riferimentos == <references/> [[Categoria:Istòria de sos Istados Aunidos de Amèriga]] cwp5qvh5u2bkbb7zamrbk8th2m8v5rw 1 10650 190004 187887 2026-05-15T23:11:06Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190004 wikitext text/x-wiki Bido chi Zorobabele est iscrinde meda in Wikipedia sardu e mi cumprimento cun isse. Appo legidu s'articulu Sos atentados de s'11 de cabudanni... Legere custu e ateros aticulos in sardu de Zorobabele... istraccat unu pagu... ca paret chi cherzat inventare paraulas noas o nou mi paret su modu de las iscriere...ind' unu sardu duru... E aggiungo: pro sos nomenes propios no paret chi si devet inventare... oe sa tradutzione in sardu, pro esempiu: Noa Iorcu, Iracu,Afganistanu ... e puru:isramicu, e nordu, suddu ecc. Bonu trabagliu! Gràssias pro sas uras de bonu traballu. In s'assòtziu nostru fraigamus paraulas noas onzi die (tenimus unu bogavulàriu chi atualizamus sighidamente e ch'imbiamus telematigamente de badas a totu sos interessados) pessamus chi su sardu, pro devenner limba moderna a beru, non si podat privare de noulozismos, est craru chi custos ùrtimos devent esser de calidade. "Nordu" e "suddu" sunt medas inditados pro sa fonètiga de sa limba nostra e non semus petzi nois chi l'impreamus. Semus aguarmente cumbintos chi su sardu, che onzi àtera limba bera, devat bortare a su nessi sas tzidades prus importantes de su mundu e creimus chi "Noa Iorcu" andet bene pro su sardu in sa matessi manera chi "Nueva York" andat bene pro s'ispannolu, o "Nova Iorque" pro su portughesu. In onzi modu, faghent 13 annos chi tenemus s'istandard nostru e non lu podimus mudare. Sos àteros podent iscrier comente cherzant, si no est ch'italianizant demasiadu su sardu, custu mi paret evidente. Bonu traballu a Bostè puru! == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Ghennàrgiu 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Atentados de s'11 de cabudanni]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=187886 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210812212403/https://fas.org/irp/crs/RL31617.pdf annantu a https://fas.org/irp/crs/RL31617.pdf . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:08, 1 Ghe 2026 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Atentados de s'11 de cabudanni]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190003 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20200118211856/https://money.cnn.com/2014/11/03/news/companies/one-world-trade-center/index.html annantu a https://money.cnn.com/2014/11/03/news/companies/one-world-trade-center/index.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 01:11, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) 6fq5utypwrlpudmkulaz7e26trvacid 0 13674 190005 177808 2026-05-15T23:27:39Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}} [[File:2014-02-21 11-04 Euromaidan in Kiev.jpg|thumb|279x279px|Truma de manifestantes in Kiev in su mese de freàrgiu de su 2014]] Sa '''crisi in Ucràina de su 2014''' cunsistet in una nera de episòdios violentos acontèssidos in sa capitale [[Kiev]] chi ant portadu a sa bogadura de su tando presidente [[Viktor Janukovyč]].<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ukraine/10659755/Ukraine-revolution-live.html|tìtulu=Ukraine revolution: live – Ukraine's president has disappeared as world awakes to the aftermath of a revolution}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-26302277|tìtulu=Ukraine conflict: Tymoshenko speech ends historic day of revolution}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8faf984a-9bda-11e3-afe3-00144feab7de|tìtulu=Yanukovich toppled in new Ukrainian revolution}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://news.yahoo.com/yanukovych-man-sparks-revolution-ukraine-193436462.html|tìtulu=Yanukovych: The man who sparks revolution in Ukraine|atzessu=2021-09-11|dataarchìviu=2014-02-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222232017/http://news.yahoo.com/yanukovych-man-sparks-revolution-ukraine-193436462.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Fiat sighida dae càmbios de su sistema sòtziu-polìticu de su paisu, torradura a sa [[Costitutzione de s'Ucraina|costitutzione pretzedente]] che a primu, abolitzione de s'ufitzialidade de sa [[limba russa]], apelladura a fàghere eletziones noas a sa lestra intro de pagos meses<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ukraine/10659755/Ukraine-revolution-live.html|tìtulu=Ukraine revolution: live – Ukraine's president has disappeared as world awakes to the aftermath of a revolution}}</ref> e aposentadura de unu guvernu ''ad interim''. In sa propaganda de sos mèdia otzidentales si ddi narant ''rivolutzione de "Maidan"'' chi in ucrainu bolet nàrrere "pratza", in relatu a "''Maidan Nezalezhnosti''" (Pratza Indipendèntzia) in ue fiant organizadas is manifestatziones contra de su guvernu, torrada a batijiare fintzas '''Euromaidan''' (Europratza). Sa [[Rùssia]] cunsiderat is fatos paris a unu [[Corpu de Istadu|corpu de istadu]].<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.rt.com/news/lavrov-crimea-ukraine-west-181/|tìtulu=Lavrov: If West accepts coup-appointed Kiev govt, it must accept a Russian Crimea}}</ref> Intre s'acabu de su 2013 e s'incomintzu de su 2014 fiant organizadas manifestatziones mannas fitianas in [[Kiev]] a chi pigaiant parte fintzas movimentos de destra-estrema<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.rosalux.de/en/publication/id/42076/we-demand-human-rights-and-death-to-the-enemies|tìtulu=“We Demand Human Rights and Death to the Enemies!”}}</ref> comente [[Pravyj Sektor]] (setore de destra).<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/13/ukraine-uprising-fascist-coup-grassroots-movement|tìtulu=Kiev's protesters: Ukraine uprising was no neo-Nazi power-grab}}</ref> In sustàntzia is protestadores parteniant a totu is currentes e tiraduras de sa sotziedade.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/13/ukraine-uprising-fascist-coup-grassroots-movement|tìtulu=Kiev's protesters: Ukraine uprising was no neo-Nazi power-grab}}</ref> Is protestas fiant istadas paghiosas durante chidas vàrias fintzas a su tzocare de is violèntzias a banda de su guvernu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/13/ukraine-uprising-fascist-coup-grassroots-movement|tìtulu=Kiev's protesters: Ukraine uprising was no neo-Nazi power-grab}}</ref> A pustis de carchi mese de manifestadas fitianas, sas trumas de destra estrema ant comintzadu a ocupare cun sas armas sos palatzos de su guvernu, custringhende su presidente Janukovic a si nche fuire a [[Rùssia]]. [[File:Euromaidan Kiev 2014-02-18 15-08.JPG|thumb|277x277px|Manifestantes imbiende pedras e bombas molotov a s'àteru cantone de sa barricada]] Su 45-50% de is ucrainos diat àere apoderadu sa rivolutzione de Euromaidan, mentras su 42-50% diat èssere istadu contras.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/184540.html|tìtulu=Half of Ukrainians don't support Kyiv Euromaidan, R&B poll}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.ukrainebusiness.com.ua/news/11002.html|tìtulu=Poll reveals Ukrainian majority supports EuroMaidan|atzessu=2021-09-11|dataarchìviu=2014-01-25|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125085358/http://www.ukrainebusiness.com.ua/news/11002.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> S'apoderadura prus manna diat bènnere dae [[Kiev]] e dae s'Ucràina otzidentale, chi fintzas rapresentaiant sa majoria intra de is protestadores.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/7be62f26-70a2-11e3-9ba1-00144feabdc0#axzz2p4zYSJdQ|tìtulu=Ukraine protesters take rally to Yanukovich’s residence}}</ref> Petzi su il 24% de is protestadores aproliant dae s'Ucraina tzentrale e petzi su 21% dae s'estu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.kyivpost.com/article/content/ukraine-politics/poll-discovers-euromaidan-evolution-from-dreamy-to-radical-336389.html|tìtulu=Poll discovers EuroMaidan evolution from dreamy to radical}}</ref> In s'Ucraina de giosso e in cussa orientale petzi su 20% de sa populatzione fiat a favore<ref>Yevhenia Yehorova (19 October 2012). "Відносна більшість українців підтримує зміну влади; Схід та Південь все ще визначаються зі своїм кандидатом в Президенти". Gfk.com. Retrieved 4 April 2014.</ref>. Custu currespondet a sa partzidura linguìstica (e in parte ètnica) de s'istadu. == Acontessimentos == [[File:War in donbass.svg|thumb|390x390px|Àrea de su cunflitu in su sud-estu de su paisu.]]A pustis de una prima rivolutzione - sa "[[rivolutzione aràngiu]]" de su [[2004]] - s'[[Ucraina|Ucràina]] fiat istada parada dae annos de corrutzione, mala gestione, farta de crèschida econòmica, isvalutatzione de sa moneda, e s'incapatzidade de otènnere finantziamentos de is mercados pùblicos.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://ifes.org/Content/Publications/Press-Release/2011/Ukrainians-Pessimistic-about-Countrys-Future-Confidence-in-Political-Leaders-Falling.aspx|tìtulu=Ukrainians Pessimistic about Country’s Future; Confidence in Political Leaders Falling|atzessu=2021-09-11|dataarchìviu=2011-10-11|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011200223/http://ifes.org/Content/Publications/Press-Release/2011/Ukrainians-Pessimistic-about-Countrys-Future-Confidence-in-Political-Leaders-Falling.aspx|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Pro custa resone, Janukovyč aiat chircadu de istabilire relatziones prus istrintas cun s'[[Unione Europea]] e sa [[Rùssia]] a su fine de atràere su capitale netzessàriu pro mantènnere su livellu de vida de s'Ucràina sena cumpromìtere sa populatzione locale in manera grae.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2014/03/12/news/economy/ukraine-europe-soros/|tìtulu=Soros: Ukraine needs EU Marshall Plan|atzessu=2021-09-11|dataarchìviu=2014-03-16|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316224454/https://money.cnn.com/2014/03/12/news/economy/ukraine-europe-soros/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Una de custas medidas fiat istadu un'acòrdiu de assòtziu cun s'Unione Europea, chi diat frunire a s'Ucràina fundos pro reformas vàrias in aspetos medas de sa sotziedade ucràina e duncas truncare is ligàmenes econòmicos cun sa Rùssia.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-02-27/the-new-great-game-why-ukraine-matters-to-so-many-other-nations|tìtulu=The New Great Game: Why Ukraine Matters to So Many Other Nations}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/3/6/what-does-the-westwantfromukraine.html|tìtulu=What does the West want from Ukraine?}}</ref> Janukovyč aiat a ùrtimu refudadu de firmare s'acòrdiu cunsiderende·ddu tropu austeru e dannosu pro s'Ucràina.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/world/2013/12/15/suspends-trade-deal-talks-with-ukraine/gzOIK9J1kFp2wMKw0IblVI/story.html|tìtulu=EU suspends trade deal talks with Ukraine}}</ref> Francu custu s'UE aiat pedidu sa liberatzione de [[Julija Tymošenko]], chi fiat in presone, che cunditzione intzidentale de acòrdiu de assòtziu cun s'Unione Europea. Janukovyč aiat tando firmadu unu tratadu cun sa Rùssia, chi antimes aiat iscadenadu avolotos tziviles in [[Kiev]] chi a sa fine aiant giutu a iscontros violentos intre manifestantes e fortzas de s'òrdine in tzircustàntzias pagu craras.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2013/12/17/world/europe/ukraine-protests/|tìtulu=Ukraine, Russia sign economic deal despite protests}}</ref> Mentras ca is tensiones si faghiant semper prus mannas, Janukovyč aiat lassadu su Paisu pro non bi torrare. Sa Rùssia aiat acusadu [[Istados Unidos de Amèrica|Istados Unidos]] e s'[[Unione Europea|UE]] de finantziamentu e diretzione de is protestas.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.presstv.com/detail/2014/02/06/349524/us-accused-of-funding-ukraine-rioters/|tìtulu=Russian official accuses US of fueling Ukraine crisis|atzessu=2021-09-11|dataarchìviu=2014-05-05|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505195751/http://www.presstv.com/detail/2014/02/06/349524/us-accused-of-funding-ukraine-rioters/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> A pustis de sa rivolutzione de su 2014, sa [[Rùssia]] at refudadu de reconnòschere su guvernu ''ad interim'' nou, cunsiderende is avolotos unu [[corpu de Istadu]],<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.rt.com/news/lavrov-crimea-ukraine-west-181/|tìtulu=Lavrov: If West accepts coup-appointed Kiev govt, it must accept a Russian Crimea}}</ref>. In resposta a is càmbios de regìmene sa [[Crimea|repùblica autònoma de Crimea]] de majoria russòfona, aiat votadu in referendum pro s'annessionadura a sa Rùssia.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ilpost.it/2014/03/17/referendum-crimea-legale/|tìtulu=Il referendum sulla Crimea è “legale”?}}</ref> Su referendum non fiat reconnotu dae s'Ucràina e dae parte manna de sa comunidade internatzionale,<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2021/02/25/ukraine-declaration-by-the-high-representative-on-behalf-of-the-european-union-on-the-illegal-annexation-of-crimea-and-sevastopol/|tìtulu=Ukraine: Declaration by the High Representative on behalf of the European Union on the illegal annexation of Crimea and Sevastopol}}</ref> nointames dae tando sa regione est ''de facto'' parte de sa Rùssia. Peristantu su guvernu ''ad interim'' de nòmina noa in Ucràina at firmadu s'acòrdiu de assòtziu cun s'UE e s'est impinnadu a adotare is reformas de su sistema giuditziàriu e polìticu, gasi comente de is polìticas finantziàrias e econòmicas, a su fine de respetare is recuisitos istabilidos in s'acòrdiu. Su guvernu a interim at in prus adotadu providimentos ulteriores, ca a pustis de sa rivolutzione non fiat capatzu de satisfàghere puntos vàrios de s'acòrdiu e teniat bisòngiu de investimentos èsteros. Is investimentos istràngios acudiant dae su [[Fundu Monetàriu Internatzionale]] in forma de imprèstidos pro una summa de in prus de 18 milliardos de [[Dòllaru istadunidensu|dòllaros]] subordinende is reformas ucràinas adotadas in giai totu sos aspetos de sa sotziedade,<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/imf-offers-ukraine-18-billion-loans-082715644.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9pdC53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAADkyX-pW9opfVTJDrmXqgjGDwVZUXw5Aouw-54svLlcOf1CjCvdtOtWeJlSn0ftyPUfCHG0rCfrpSDbXLjoWZynb-SBPv1KYblYrot9l_MWBqXtzrPOqSc4ZdFjjvEzw4ibSGAjxFM7mTDsfgKOYqqPsHXWjU1BmXG0TthOHPN2m|tìtulu=IMF offers Ukraine up to $18 billion in loans}}</ref> intre cale una crèschida de prètziu de s'oferta interna de su gas a su prètziu globale. Franca sa setzessione e annessionadura unilaterale a sa Rùssia de sa [[Repùblica Autònoma de Crimea]], is regiones a majoria de russos ètnicos de [[Repùblica Populare de Doneck|Donetsk]] e de [[Repùblica Populare de Lugansk|Luhansk]] ant decraradu s'indipendèntzia, ratifichende·la a pustis cun unu referendum. Dae tando durat una gherra in s'Ucraina orientale, chi pariat si fiat [[Protocollos de Minsk|parada cun su ''sesade su fogu'']] firmadu in [[Minsk]], dae sas autoridades de Kiev e dae sos separatistas, nointames atacos violentos e cumbatas sighent galu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2020/646203/EPRS_ATA(2020)646203_IT.pdf|tìtulu=Ucraina: cinque anni dopo gli accordi di Minsk}}</ref> ==Riferimentos== <references/> [[Categoria:Rivolutziones]] 2lk5bpdypzcp4ur5zcn3niw7nw99434 0 18181 190009 184107 2026-05-15T23:49:50Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190009 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{Artista musicale|nùmene=Elio|ruolu=cantante_solista|nùmene_de_nàschida=Stefano Belisari|data_de_nàschida=30 de trìulas 1961|logu_de_nàschida=[[Milanu]], [[Lombardia]], [[Itàlia]]|ocupatzione=cantadore, sonadore, componidore, atore, dopiadore, presentadore radiofònicu|istrumentos=flàutu traessu, chiterra, bongos|annos_de_atividade=1980 - oe|gènere_musicale=Rock dementziale<br>Rock progressivu<br>Pop rock<br>[[Cantu a tenore]]<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://ricerca.gelocal.it/lanuovasardegna/archivio/lanuovasardegna/2018/09/04/nazionale-i-tenores-di-neoneli-cantano-con-elio-a-tutela-dell-ambiente-30.html?refresh_ce|tìtulu=I Tenores di Neoneli cantano con Elio a tutela dell'ambiente)|atzessu=27 freàrgiu 2019|dataarchìviu=2019-02-28|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228004420/http://ricerca.gelocal.it/lanuovasardegna/archivio/lanuovasardegna/2018/09/04/nazionale-i-tenores-di-neoneli-cantano-con-elio-a-tutela-dell-ambiente-30.html?refresh_ce|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.castedduonline.it/elio-e-i-tenores-di-neoneli-il-7-settembre-allasinara/|tìtulu=Elio e i Tenores di Neoneli il 7 settembre all’Asinara )|atzessu=27 freàrgiu 2019|dataarchìviu=2019-02-28|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228004132/http://www.castedduonline.it/elio-e-i-tenores-di-neoneli-il-7-settembre-allasinara/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.buongiornoalghero.it/contenuto/0/21/101592/asinara-a-cala-reale-elio-e-i-tenores-di-neoneli|tìtulu=Asinara: a Cala Reale Elio e i Tenores di Neoneli|atzessu=27 freàrgiu 2019|dataarchìviu=2019-02-28|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228004251/https://www.buongiornoalghero.it/contenuto/0/21/101592/asinara-a-cala-reale-elio-e-i-tenores-di-neoneli|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>|zistru=Steve<br>Roberto Moroni<br>Roberto Gustavivi<br>Julio Hammurabi|image=Elio2.jpg|descritzione=Elio chi sonat sas congas (sos bongos) cantende ''Parco Sempione''|artistas_assotziados=[[Elio e le Storie Tese]]<br>[[Faso]]<br>[[Rocco Tanica]]<br>[[Cesareo]]<br>[[Meyer]]<br>[[Jantoman]]<br>[[Feiez]]<br>[[Vittorio Cosma]]<br>[[Tenores de Neoneli|Tenores de Neunele]]}} '''Elio''', pseudònimu de '''Stefano Belisari''' ([[Milanu]], 30 de [[trìulas]] de su [[1961]]) est unu cantadore, composidore, flautista e atore teatrale italianu, ghia de su grupu de sos [[Elio e le Storie Tese]], fundadu dae issu in su [[1980]], canto teniat 19 annos, in paris cun su baterista Luigi Zuffellato. Est sa boghe solista de sa banda ma s'ammustrat sonende fintzas sa chiterra e su flàutu traessu, trastu in cale s'est diplomadu in su Cunservatòriu Giuseppe Verdi de Milanu. Carchi borta at sonadu fintzas su bassu elètricu. In sos ùrtimos annos est istadu intèrprete de partiduras iscritas pro issu dae composidores de provenièntzia clàssica, comente a Luca Lombardi o Nicola Campogrande. <span class="ve-ce-leafNode ve-ce-focusableNode ve-ce-mwTransclusionNode" contenteditable="false"></span>Est giùighe de ''X Factor'' dae sa de bator a sa de sete e de sa de noe editziones. Su nùmene beru de Elio est istadu tentu istichidu pro annos. In ocasione de cuntzertos o intervistas, Elio a s'ispissu si pigaiat giogu de sos interlocudores "rivelende·li" de si mutire cun nùmenes imbentados in cussu momentu, comente a "Roberto Moroni" o "Roberto Gustavivi". == Biografia == {| id="Gli_alias_degli_Elii" style="width:250px; border:1px solid #c0c0c0; background:#F9F9F9; clear:right; float:right; margin-right:6px; margin-left:10px;" ! id="84" style="background:#C3D0DF; padding:2px;" |Sos zistros de sos Èlios |- | style="font-size:95%" | Cada membru de sos [[Elio e le Storie Tese]] in su cursu de sos annos at adotadu, in manera prus o mancu estemporànea, medas zistros. Cosa chi paret istrana, intre sos membros de su grupu, est pròpiu su cantadore Elio su chi de mancu de totus at abbandonadu su nomìngiu "ufitziale". Àteros paranùmenes sunt istados ''Steve'' (cando, in su perìodu imbeniente a su Fèstival de Sanremo 1996, totu sa banda at impreadu apellativos anglòfonos), ''Roberto Moroni'', ''Roberto Gustavivi'', ''Julio Hammurabi''. |} De orìgines [[Marche|marchigianas]] (sos genitores sunt originàrios de Cossignano, in provìntzia de Ascoli Piceno), si diplomat in su litzeu iscientìficu Einstein, e fintzas in s'iscola tzìvica de mùsica Cunservatòriu Giuseppe Verdi de Milanu e, cun calma, in su [[2002]] si làureat in ingegneria eletrònica in su Politecnicu de Milanu .<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://elioelestorietese.it/bio/elio/|tìtulu=Biografia di Elio|situ=elioelestorietese.it|atzessu=2018-12-06}}</ref> Cojuadu, dae s'11 de santandria de su 2009 est babbu de duos gemellos, Dante e Ulisse. Artista eclèticu, contat, intre s'àteru, partetzipatziones a òperas teatrales (''S'òpera de tres soddos'' de Bertolt Brecht, ''Istòria de Amore e de Anarchia'', ''musical'' de Lina Wertmüller) e tenet a s'ativu medas collaboratziones a discos de mùsica lèbia, intre sos cales cussa cun Giorgio Conte, cun su cale at cantadu ''Modulazione di frequenza'' in s'album de su cantautore astigianu de su [[1993]] ''Giorgio Conte''. Paris cun Faso, Rocco Tanica, Cesareo, Mangoni e Linus presentat sa trasmissione radiofònica de Radio Deejay ''Cordialmente'', in direta dae su 1993. At assentadu belle totus sas siglas de Mai dire Gol partetzipende·bi medas bortas comente a istràngiu in sos medas annos. In su 2001 est istadu istràngiu fissu de sa trasmissione cun totu su grupu chi, pro s'ocasione, at pigadu su nùmene de "Tripudio Intestinale". In s'istiu de su 1992 at connotu sos cantadores de su [[Tenores de Neoneli|Tenore de Neunele]], cun sos cales at collaboradu pro annos, siat (in paris cun [[Jantoman]], [[Faso]], [[Christian Meyer]] e [[Vittorio Cosma]], totus àteros membros de [[Elio e le Storie Tese]]) in su discu ''Terra Nostra'' de su [[1996]], in ue at cantadu una versione in [[Limba sarda|sardu]] de ''La terra dei cachi'', siat in cussu de su [[2000]], Barones,<ref name=":0">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.rockol.it/artista/tenores-di-neoneli/biografia|editore=Rockol.it|tìtulu=Biografia dei Tenores di Neoneli|atzessu=6 freàrgiu 2019}}</ref>, in ue at cantadu (semper in sardu) su branu ''Intantu''<ref name=":1">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.marok.org/Elio/Discog/neoneli.htm|tìtulu=Tenores di Neoneli - Collaborazioni con Elio e le Storie Tese|situ=Marok.org|atzessu=6 freàrgiu 2019}}</ref>, e fintzas in cussu de su 2003, D@e Coro, in ue de cantzones in sardu nd'at cantadu bator: ''Sartiglia'', ''Miniera'', ''Nerone'' e ''Trallallera''.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Elio e su Tenore de Neunele ant fatu fintzas medas cuntzertos paris, formende su grupu connotu comente NeonElio.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.vistanet.it/cagliari/2018/08/29/neonelio-elio-e-i-tenores-di-neoneli-insieme-allasinara-surrealismo-e-tradizione-per-un-mix-incredibile/|editore=Vistanet|tìtulu=“NeonElio”: Elio e i Tenores di Neoneli insieme all’Asinara. Surrealismo e tradizione per un mix incredibile|atzessu=6 freàrgiu 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.anfiteatrotharros.it/2018/anfiteatro/spettacoli/spettacolo/Neonelio-00001/|tìtulu=NeonElio - Curride Zente 2018|atzessu=6 freàrgiu 2019|dataarchìviu=2019-02-09|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180035/http://www.anfiteatrotharros.it/2018/anfiteatro/spettacoli/spettacolo/Neonelio-00001/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://ricerca.gelocal.it/lanuovasardegna/archivio/lanuovasardegna/2008/11/30/SU1SD_SU103.html|editore=La Nuova Sardegna|tìtulu=Elio e i tenores di Neoneli a Monteponi|atzessu=6 freàrgiu 2019|dataarchìviu=2019-02-09|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124121/http://ricerca.gelocal.it/lanuovasardegna/archivio/lanuovasardegna/2008/11/30/SU1SD_SU103.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> A curtzu a s'agabbu de sos annos noranta at dopiadu su pessonàgiu de Butt-head de su cartone animadu Beavis and Butt-Head in direta in MTV paris cun [[Faso|Nicola Fasani]] (chi at dopiadu Beavis), dae sa de bator sèries finas a sa de sete. At collaboradu a s'iscritura de su dopiàgiu de su film ''Austin Powers: La spia che ci provava''. Sa carriera de dopiadore sua est sighida cun su film de animatzione ''Terkel in Trouble'' (2004). At imprestadu sa boghe fintzas a Pino su Pinguinu, mascote de sa publitzidade de sa Vodafone de su [[2013]]. In su 2002 pùblicat, comente pianista e chitarrista, su sìngulu ''C'è solo l'Inter'', cantadu dae Graziano Romani, innu nou de s'iscuadra de fùbalu de sa cale est tifosu. In su [[2004]] at publicadu su libru ''Fiabe centimetropolitane'' e, cun Faso, Rocco Tanica, Cesareo e Chiara Rapaccini, ''Animali spiaccicati.'' In su [[2006]] essit ''Vite bruciacchiate'', s'eterobiografia de sos [[Elio e le Storie Tese]] iscrita dae issos matessi e dae medas amigos e collaboradores issoro. In cussos annos est fintzas cummentadore de sas partidas de [[baseball]] de sa MLB (paris cun Faso) pro SKY Sport.<ref name="baseball">{{Tzita web|url=http://doubleplay.wordpress.com/2008/02/28/elio-e-faso-showmen-al-dopofestival-e-messaggeri-del-baseball/|tìtulu=Elio e Faso showmen al Dopofestival e “messaggeri” del baseball|atzessu=30 martzu 2011}}</ref> At giogadu pro annos in s'iscuadra de [[baseball]] de s'Ares Milano [[Baseball]], militante in sèrie B, in su girone A, iscuadra de sa cale Faso est presidente.<ref name="baseball" /> In su 2003 est istràngiu de su discu "X" de sos Ossi Duri, banda piemontesa esperta in su repertòriu de Frank Zappa, cun sos cales registrat sa cover "City of tiny lites" e s'inèditu "Balletto". In su cursu de sos annos, Elio e sos Ossi Duri realizant medas cuntzertos paris, unu de sos cales est istadu registradu in su discu "Gnam Gnam", essidu in su [[2004|2004.]] At collaboradu cun Maurizio Crozza in sa trasmissione ''Crozza Italia'' in LA7 (2006). In su martzu [[2007]] essit ''Tre colori'', s'album nou de su rocker Graziano Romani, in ue Elio duetat paris a Romani in su branu tituladu ''Giorni sporchi.'' At leadu parte a sa realizatzione de su branu ''Invisibile traccia'' in s'album ''Stonata'' de sa cantante Giorgia, sonende su flàutu traessu. In su 2009 Elio at incumentzadu a resare in sa sèrie TV ''Drammi medicali'', in lìnia in Flop Tv. In custa ocasione Elio, chi no amat èssere mutidu cun su nùmene de batiare suo, s'est imbentadu unu nomìngiu fitìtziu, ''Julio Hammurabi'', de dare a s'atore chi at interpretadu su pessonàgiu suo, su ''Dotore Ovidio Giolsot.'' In sos tìtulos de agabbu, difatis, nen Stefano Belisari nen Elio e le Storie Tese aparint comente a membros de su cast, ma s'agatat su nùmene de ''Julio Hammurabi'', alter ego de su pessonàgiu, cantante, atore, còmicu.<ref>{{tzita web|url=http://www.floptv.tv/series/drammi-medicali/2.aspx|tìtulu=Drammi medical su floptv|editore=FlopTV.it|atzessu=18 martzu 2011|urlmortu=eja|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201175549/http://www.floptv.tv/series/drammi-medicali/2.aspx|dataarchìviu=1 freàrgiu 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.tvblog.it/post/12769/maccio-capatonda-e-elio-protagonisti-su-floptv-la-web-tv-di-fox-dedicata-alla-comicita|tìtulu=Maccio Capatonda e Elio protagonisti su Flop.tv: la web tv di Fox dedicata alla comicità|editore=TvBlog.it|atzessu=18 martzu 2011}}</ref> Est de su 2009 fintzas s'intzisione, paris cun sos ''Artisti uniti per l'Abruzzo,'' de su branu "Domani", in ocasione de su terremotu terrorosu chi at còrfidu s'Abrutzu. Su 24 martzu [[2009]], in su MAXXI de Roma, Elio s'est presentadu pro pigare su Prèmiu a sa Carriera de sa XV Quadriennale de Arte de [[Roma]] destinadu a Maurizio Cattelan, sustentende de èssere Cattelan.<ref>[http://www.libero-news.it/adnkronos/view/85682 ''Maurizio Cattelan conquista la XV Quadriennale d'arte di Roma''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327112806/http://www.libero-news.it/adnkronos/view/85682 |data=27 martzu 2009 }}. «[[Libero (portale)|Libero]]»/«[[adnkronos]]». 24 martzu 2009. (Consultadu in «liberonews.it» su 4 de abrile de su 2009).</ref><ref>[http://iltempo.ilsole24ore.com/spettacoli/2009/03/25/1005660-premio_cattelan_presenta_elio.shtml ''Premio a Cattelan, ma si presenta Elio''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090802225004/http://iltempo.ilsole24ore.com/spettacoli/2009/03/25/1005660-premio_cattelan_presenta_elio.shtml |data=2 austu 2009 }} «[[Il Tempo]]», 25 martzu 2009. (Consultadu in «iltempo.ilsole24ore.com» su 4 de abrile de su 2009).</ref> Durante sa cunferèntzia ''Elio Cattelan'' at retzidu su prèmiu e arresonadu in manera amàbile cun Francesco Prosperetti, Anna Mattirolo, Gino Agnese, Stefano Chiodi, Andrea Cortellessa, Cornelia Lauf e rispòndidu a sas dimandas de su pùblicu presente, firmende fintzas autògrafos cun su nùmene "Maurizio Cattelan".<ref>[http://www.quadriennalediroma.org/filmati/cattelan.swf Documentu vìdeu (swf)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524031847/http://www.quadriennalediroma.org/filmati/cattelan.swf |data=24 maju 2011 }} de su 24 martzu 2000. [[MAXXI - Museo nazionale delle arti del XXI secolo|MAXXI]], Roma.</ref> In s'istiu de su 2010 Elio est istadu isseberadu pro fàghere parte pro sa prima borta de sa giuria de su talent show famadu de Rai 2, ''X Factor'', in paris cun Mara Maionchi, Enrico Ruggeri e Anna Tatangelo.<ref>{{Tzita news|url=http://www.lastampa.it/_web/CMSTP/tmplrubriche/giornalisti/grubrica.asp?ID_blog=20&ID_articolo=1197&ID_sezione=12&sezione=|tìtulu=La giuria di X-Factor nuovo format Maionchi, Tatangelo, Elio, Ruggeri|publicatzione=[[La Stampa]]|die=29|mese=06|annu=2010|urlmortu=eja|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706045525/http://www.lastampa.it/_web/CMSTP/tmplrubriche/giornalisti/grubrica.asp?ID_blog=20&ID_articolo=1197&ID_sezione=12&sezione=|dataarchìviu=6 trìulas 2010}}</ref> Comente a giùighe Elio at tentu una popularidade manna e at batidu a sa puntada finale de su programma, su 23 de santandria de su 2010, dues de sos tres cantantes de s'iscuadra sua, est a nàrrere Nevruz Joku, chi s'est classificadu tertzu, e Nathalie, binchidora de su programma.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.ilsussidiario.net/articolo.aspx?articolo=129155|titolo=X FACTOR 4/ Vincitore è Nathalie, con Elio. Riassunto finale 23 novembre 2010: secondo Davide. I Take That accendono X Factor. Nevruz terzo|editore=IlSussidiario.net|atzessu=18 martzu 2011|tìtulu=Archive copy|dataarchìviu=2012-08-03|urlarchìviu=https://archive.ph/20120803141512/http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Cinema-Televisione-e-Media/2010/11/24/X-FACTOR-4-Vincitore-Nathalie-Riassunto-finale-23-novembre-2010-secondo-Davide-Take-That-accendono-X-Factor-Nevruz-terzo-x-factor-4-vincitore-nathalie-giannitrapani-x-factor-4/129155/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Est giùighe fintzas in sa de chimbe e de ses editziones de s'ispetàculu in direta in Sky Uno, presentadu dae Alessandro Cattelan in paris cun Arisa, Morgan e Simona Ventura, e in sa de sete in paris a Mika, Morgan e Simona Ventura. A pustis de una pàusa, torrat in sa de noe editziones e est giùighe in paris a Fedez, Mika e Skin. In su maju de su 2011 est essidu su film ''Paul'', in ue Elio dòpiat s'alienu protagonista.<ref name="paulcorriere">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.corriere.it/spettacoli/11_maggio_26/elio-doppiatore-paul-ulivi_67508ade-8793-11e0-8601-a1952c3da2ae.shtml|tìtulu=Elio: «Il vero alieno sono io»|editore=[[Corriere della Sera]]|atzessu=24 austu 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://elioelestorietese.it/news/elio-e-paul/|tìtulu=Elio è Paul!|editore=Elioelestorietese.it|atzessu=24 austu 2011|urlmorto=eja|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20110731021850/http://elioelestorietese.it/news/elio-e-paul/|dataarchìviu=31 trìulas 2011}}</ref> In su 2011 Elio collàborat cun sa Nokia e realizat pro s'Ovi Store s'estensione "Elio ti guida", programma agiuntivu destinadu a sos navigadores satellitares inclùdidos in sos terminales. In su matessi annu essit unu videoclip in ue cantat ''Muppettissimo Show'', una cantzone pro su film nou ''I Muppet''. Semper in su 2011 est istràngiu fissu de s'ispetàculu ''The Show Must Go Off'' presentadu dae Serena Dandini in La7. In su 2013 Elio partètzipat a su Fèstival de Sanremo, classifichende·si a su segundu postu. At partetzipadu a sa realizatzione de duos branos chi s'agatant in s'album Frankenstein de Enrico Ruggeri, sonende su flàutu traessu. Intervenit in s'album de Max Pezzali tituladu ''Max 20'' cantende ''Nord sud ovest'' ''est''. Dae su santugaine de su 2014 interpretat Gomez in su musical ''"La Famiglia Addams"'' in paris cun [[Geppi Cucciari]], Giulia Odetto e Pierpaolo Lopatriello. In su 2015 collàborat a s'album de sa cantautora sitziliana Cassandra Raffaele ''Chagall'' in sa rasta ''Meditazione''. In su [[2016]] est sa boghe de su narradore in ''Pierino e il lupo'' pro sa Deutsche Grammophon. In su 10 de Santandria de su 2017 Elio duetat cun [[Cristina D'Avena|Cristina De Avena]] pro su branu ''Siamo fatti così'' intzisu in s'album in istùdiu ''Duets - Tutti cantano Cristina''. == Discografia == * 1989 - ''Elio Samaga Hukapan Kariyana Turu'' * 1990 - ''The Los Sri Lanka Parakramabahu Brothers Featuring Elio e le Storie Tese'' * 1993 - ''Esco Dal Mio Corpo e Ho Molta Paura (Gli inediti 1979-1986)'' * 1996 - ''Eat The Phikis'' * 1997 - ''Del Meglio Del Nostro Meglio Vol.1'' * 1998 - ''Peerla'' * 1999 - ''Craccracriccrecr'' * 1999 - ''Tutti Gli Uomini Del Deficiente'' * 2001 - ''Made In Japan - Live At Parco Capello'' * 2003 - ''Cicciput'' * 2008 - ''Studentessi'' * 2009 - ''Gattini'' * 2013 - ''L'Album Biango'' * 2016 - ''Figgatta De Blanc'' == Filmografia == * ''Rocco e le storie tese'', regia de Rocco Siffredi (1997) * ''Asini'', regia de Antonello Grimaldi (1999) * ''Natale a casa Deejay'', regia de Lorenzo Bassano (2004) * ''InvaXön - Alieni in Liguria'', regia de Massimo Morini (2011) * ''Capitan Basilico'', regia de Massimo Morini (2011) *''Ritmo sbilenco - un filmino su Elio e Le Storie Tese'', documentàriu, regia de Mattia Colombo (2016) == Televisione == * ''Mai Dire Gol'' (Itàlia 1, 2001) * ''Crozza Italia'' (SA7, 2006) * ''InvaXön - Alieni nello spazio'' (Jimmy, 2007) * ''Drammi Medicali'' (FlopTV, 2008-2009) * ''Parla con me'' (Rai 3, 2009-2011) * ''X Factor'' (Rai 2, 2010; Sky Unu, Chelu, 2011-2013, 2015) * ''The Show Must Go Off'' (SA7, 2012) *''Il Musichione'' (Rai 2, 2014) *''Roma, Napoli, Venezia... in un crescendo rossiniano'' (TG1, 2017) == Dopiàgiu == === Films === * Seth Rogen in ''Paul'' === Films de animatzione === * Arne e boghe narrante in ''Terkel In Trouble'' * Chester V in ''Piovono Polpette 2 - La rivincita degli avanzi'' === Sèries animadas === * Butt-Head (2ª boghe) in ''Beavis & Butt-Head'' == Ràdiu == * ''Cordialmente'' ([[1993]]-oe) * ''Alle otto della sera'' (Rai Radio Due, [[2004]]) * ''I cittadini'' (Rai Radio Due, [[2018]]) == Notas == <references /> == Bibliografia == * [[2004]] – ''Fiabe Centimetropolitane'' * [[2004]] – ''Animali Spiaccicati'', cun [[Faso]], [[Rocco Tanica]], [[Cesareo]] e Chiara Rapaccini * [[2006]] – ''Vite Bruciacchiate'', cun sos [[Elio e le Storie Tese]] == Àteros progetos == * [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|link=Q:|21x21px|Collabora a Wikiquote]] [https://wikiquote.org/wiki/ Wikiquote] tenet tzitatziones de o a pitzu de '''[https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Elio%20(cantante) Elio]''' * [[File:Commons-logo.svg|link=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=sc|24x24px|Collabora a Wikimedia Commons]] <span class="plainlinks">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=sc Wikimedia Commons]</span> tenet immàgines o àteros documentos a pitzu de '''<span class="plainlinks">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stefano_Belisari?uselang=sc Elio]</span>''' == Ligàmenes esternos == * * <cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) [https://www.discogs.com/artist/1072533 <span style="font-style:italic;">Elio</span>], su <span style="font-style:italic;">[[Discogs]]</span>, Zink Media.</cite> [[File:Blue_pencil.svg|link=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058124#P1953|alt=Modifica su Wikidata|text-top|frameless|10x10px|Modifica su Wikidata]] {{Controllu de autoridade}} [[Categoria:Mùsica Rock]] [[Categoria:Biografias]] [[Categoria:Cantu a tenore]] [[Categoria:Membros de sos Elio e le Storie Tese]] [[Categoria:Cantautores italianos]] r3adn1ss586xuoixf7f5586fk141kah 1 18309 190010 184108 2026-05-15T23:49:51Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190010 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Bortadu dae|it|Elio (cantante)|23/12/2018|101695225}} == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Cabudanni 2022) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 2 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Elio (cantadore)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=178469 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20190228004420/http://ricerca.gelocal.it/lanuovasardegna/archivio/lanuovasardegna/2018/09/04/nazionale-i-tenores-di-neoneli-cantano-con-elio-a-tutela-dell-ambiente-30.html?refresh_ce annantu a http://ricerca.gelocal.it/lanuovasardegna/archivio/lanuovasardegna/2018/09/04/nazionale-i-tenores-di-neoneli-cantano-con-elio-a-tutela-dell-ambiente-30.html?refresh_ce *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124121/http://ricerca.gelocal.it/lanuovasardegna/archivio/lanuovasardegna/2008/11/30/SU1SD_SU103.html annantu a http://ricerca.gelocal.it/lanuovasardegna/archivio/lanuovasardegna/2008/11/30/SU1SD_SU103.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 03:30, 30 Cab 2022 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Santandria 2022) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Elio (cantadore)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=179235 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20190228004251/https://www.buongiornoalghero.it/contenuto/0/21/101592/asinara-a-cala-reale-elio-e-i-tenores-di-neoneli annantu a https://www.buongiornoalghero.it/contenuto/0/21/101592/asinara-a-cala-reale-elio-e-i-tenores-di-neoneli . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 17:39, 14 Std 2022 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Santandria 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Elio (cantadore)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=182110 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://archive.ph/20120803141512/http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Cinema-Televisione-e-Media/2010/11/24/X-FACTOR-4-Vincitore-Nathalie-Riassunto-finale-23-novembre-2010-secondo-Davide-Take-That-accendono-X-Factor-Nevruz-terzo-x-factor-4-vincitore-nathalie-giannitrapani-x-factor-4/129155/ annantu a http://www.ilsussidiario.net/articolo.aspx?articolo=129155 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 01:33, 9 Std 2023 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Làmpadas 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Elio (cantadore)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=184107 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180035/http://www.anfiteatrotharros.it/2018/anfiteatro/spettacoli/spettacolo/Neonelio-00001/ annantu a http://www.anfiteatrotharros.it/2018/anfiteatro/spettacoli/spettacolo/Neonelio-00001/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 00:55, 13 Làm 2024 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Elio (cantadore)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190009 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20190228004132/http://www.castedduonline.it/elio-e-i-tenores-di-neoneli-il-7-settembre-allasinara/ annantu a http://www.castedduonline.it/elio-e-i-tenores-di-neoneli-il-7-settembre-allasinara/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 01:49, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) 505r04gb1vcrc9tsfklebsory7pg4a2 0 18439 190002 185749 2026-05-15T22:30:22Z GrandEscogriffe 29372 /* Lista de mares */ cross-wiki replacement of an incorrect, low-quality map of the Bali Sea by a correct, higher-resolution one 190002 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Variant|LSC}} {| class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em;font-size: 85%; text-align: left;" |+ id="4" style="font-weight:bold;background-color:#d9b38c" |<span style="float:left;">[[File:Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg|link=|20x20px|Infotàula de geografia fìsica]]</span>Mare | colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | [[File:Cloudscape_Over_the_Philippine_Sea.jpg|300x300px]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:start" | {| align="center" style="width:auto; background:none; cellspacing:1; cellpadding:0%; border:0; margin:0" | align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;" | |- | colspan="2" align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;" | |} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:1.2em; background:#eeeeee; text-align:start" |Formadu dae | style="text-align:start" | [[abba de su mare]] |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:1.2em; background:#eeeeee; text-align:start" |Afluentes | style="text-align:start" | <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none; padding: 0;"><div align="center" class="NavHead" style="width:100%; background:transparent"></div><div class="NavContent" style="text-align:left;">[[wikidata:Q573344|riu printzipale]],&#x20;efluentes</div></div> |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:start" | <div style="float: right;"> </div> |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:right" |[[File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg|link=D:Q165|18x18px|Modìfica sos datos in Wikidata]] |} [[File:VolcanoPort1.JPG|thumb|Su mare Tirrenu in Vulcano, una de sas ìsulas Eòlias]] Su '''mare''' est una massa de abba salida (connota comente a [[Aba|abba]] de '''mare''') chi coberit una parte manna de sa superfìtzie de sa [[Terra|Terra.]] Sas massas mannas de abba chi separant sos continentes si nùmenant [[Otzèanu|otzèanos]], mentras sas divisiones de custos otzèanos belle tancados dae partes de sos [[Continenti (Geografia)|continentes]] o dae [[Ìsula|ìsulas]] e [[Artzipèlagu|artzipèlagos]], sunt connotas petzi comente a mares, sos cales in s'interi si partint in massas de abba prus minores numenadas [[Golfu|golfos]] e [[Baja|bajas]] e si connetent a traessu de "istrintos". Si nùmenant mares fintzas sos lagos mannos interiores, a fitianu salidos, chi non sicant neddue, comente su mare de Aral. [[File:Tent_island_île_ross_mcmurdo.jpg|thumb|S'ìsula de Tent in mesu de sas abbas astragadas dae su mare de Ross, in s'Antàrtide]] Segundu su gradu de serrada de sos mares, custos si dividint in: * '''mares costerinos''', tancados in parte dae ìsulas, artzipèlagos o penìsolas e in ue sos trainos sunt causados dae sos bentos marinos, comente su [[mare de su Nord]] o su mare de su Giapone; * '''mares continentales''', prus tancados e cun unu cuncàmbiu de abba cun s'otzèanu limitadu, in ue sos trainos sunt dèpidos a diferèntzias de salidura e [[temperadura]] prus chi no a sa fortza de su bentu, comente est su casu de su [[Mare Mediterraneu|mare Mediterràneu]] o su [[mare Ruju]]; * '''mares interiores''' o '''tancados''', de su totu furriados dae terra, chi podent retzire o nono abba durche a traessu de diversos messàrgios ma non lompent in s'otzèanu, comente su mare Càspiu o su [[mare Mortu]]. S'autoridade mundiale chi definit sos lìmites de mares e otzèanos est s'Organizatzione Idrogràfica Internatzionale (OHI), su documentu vigente de sa cale est sa publicatzione ispetziale S-23, ''[https://iho.int/uploads/user/pubs/standards/s-23/S-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf Lìmites de otzèanos e mares]'' (in [[Limba inglesa|inglesu]]), sa de 3 editzione, [[1953|1953.]] Sa segunda editzione est istada sa de su [[1937]], e sa prima fiat de su [[1928|1928.]] In su [[1986]] si nd'est publicadu sa de bator editziones, ma a causa de diversas disputas nominales no est istada galu ratificada. Sa Die Marìtima Mundiale, cuncordada dae s'Assemblea Generale de sas Natziones Unidas, si tzèlebrat su de bator giòvia de cabudanni de cada annu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.un.org/es/events/maritimeday/|tìtulu=Día Marítimo Mundial|limba=es}} [[ONU|Organització de les Nacions Unides]].</ref> == Mares e otzèanos == Sa definitzione cumparativa de su mare comente una «estensione de abba salida minore de s'otzèanu» istabilit una classificatzione de sas estensiones de abba salida in ue sos otzèanos diant èssere sas estensiones mannas e diant bènnere a pustis, cun diferentes medidas, sos mares. Sos mares si diferèntziant mescamente pro su cuntatu cun s'otzèanu, e podent èssere abertos o tancados: * si est inghiriadu belle de su totu dae sa terra, comente su [[mare Nieddu]], si faeddat de mare continentale, * si est abertu meda, comente su Mare de sa Tzina Orientale, si faeddat de mare costerinu. Sa distintzione intre mare e otzèanu ubbidit a diversas càusas, mescamente cando si faeddat de mares abertos in ue si costumat distìnghere in sa situatzione geogràfica, in generale cravada intre duas massas terrestres o, a bias, prus a raru, in sa positzione de sa prataforma continentale. Carchi esempru de custu est: * Su mare de su canale de sa Màniga chi comùnicat cun s'otzèanu Atlànticu dae su mare Tzèlticu, ma si distinghet pro sa positzione sua intre sa costa sud de s'Inghilterra e sa costa nord de Frantza. * Su mare Mediterràneu, chi comùnicat cun s'[[otzèanu Atlànticu]] dae s'astrintu de Gibilterra e si distinghet craramente pro èssere cravadu intre [[Europa]], [[Asia|Àsia]] e [[Àfrica]], a su puntu de chi tenet unas conditziones marìtimas diferentes meda (diferentes temperaduras, diferente fàuna e flora, e mareas de diferente mannària). * Un àteru mare abertu, in custu casu su de sos Sargassos, si distinghet dae s'otzèanu Atlànticu de forma de su totu arbitrària cun su muntone suo de àligas durante sa Florida. Sa màssima autoridade internatzionale in matèria de làcana de mares est su «International Hydrographic Organization» (IHO), essende su riferimentu mundiale suo publicatzione ''Limits of Oceans and Seas'' (Lìmites de otzèanos e mares) de 3a editzione de 1953.<ref name="ohi.shom">{{Tzita web|url = http://ohi.shom.fr/|tìtulu = IHO, The International Hydrographic Organization|atzessu = 4 làmpadas 2011|limba = en, fr|dataarchìviu = 2017-04-12|urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20170412232227/http://www.iho.int/srv1/index.php?lang=en|urlmortu = eja}}</ref> Custa publicatzione no istabilit diferèntzias intre otzèanos e mares, si nono chi si lìmitat a numerare totu sos otzèanos e mares de su mundu, assignende unu nùmeru, arribende finas a su 66, mancari comente utilizat a bias nùmeros cun lìtera, in realidade sunt 73. Sunt unu totale de 6 otzèanos (s'Atlànticu e su Patzìficu sunt divididos cada unu in duos partes, Nord e Sud) e 67 mares, de issos duos divididos in duos batzinos, su mare Mediterràneu e su mare de sa Tzina. Carchi mare tenet mares interiores (chi si nùmerant cun una lìtera minoreddedda) comente su Bàlticu (3), su Mediterràneu (8) e s'Artzipèlagu de s'Ìndia Orientale (13). Sa publicatzione cunsìderat in prus otzèanos e mares, golfos, bajas, canales e istrintos, e medas bias, non risultat craru meda cale est su critèriu utilizadu, dae chi a bias est s'impreu simpre dae tempos passados. === Mare e lagu === Carchi massa de abba mentovadas "mares" no est a beru unu mare, e in càmbiu bi nd'at àteros chi sunt mares ma non sunt connotos comente a tales pro su chi pertocat su nùmene. Inoghe una mustra de calicunos nùmenes ecuìvocos: * Su mare de Galilea est unu lagu minore de abba durche chi lompet in su [[mare Mortu]] a traessu de su [[Giordanu|riu Giordanu.]] In die de oe est connotu mengius comente a "lagu de Tiberíades" o "lagu Kinneret", comente si nde narat in sas mapas modernas de [[Israele]], ma sa denominatzione bìblica est in manera àmpra utilizada in totue. * Su "mare de Cortés", o de "Cortez", est prus connotu a fitianu comente a "golfu de Califòrnia". * Su golfu Pèrsicu est in realidade unu mare. * Su [[mare Mortu]], difatis, est unu lagu. == Lista de mares == {| class="noprint infobox" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0;" !Mapa de totu sos puntos (in [[Limba cadelana|catalanu]]) |- |<span title="OpenStreetMap">[https://tools.wmflabs.org/osm4wiki/cgi-bin/wiki/wiki-osm.pl?project=ca&article=Mar OSM]</span><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- | [https://tools.wmflabs.org/kmlexport?project=ca&article=Mar Iscàrriga in formadu KML] |} Custa tàula collit totu sos mares de su mundu chi s'Organizatzione Idrogràfica Internatzionale («International Hydrographic Organization», IHO), in sa publicatzione sua ''Limits of Oceans and Seas'' (3a editzione de 1953)] regollit comente a tales.<ref name="iho.int">{{Tzita web|url = http://www.iho.int/publicat/free/files/S23_1953.pdf|tìtulu = Limits of oceans and seas|editzione = 3a|annu = 1953|limba = en|formadu = pdf|atzessu = 2019-04-16|dataarchìviu = 2009-06-24|urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20090624135300/http://www.iho.int/publicat/free/files/S23_1953.pdf|deadurl = yes}}</ref> In custa publicatzione totu sos mares e otzèanos tenent unu nùmeru de identificatzione gasi comente una descritzione pretzisa de sos confines suos. Carchi critèriu resurtat antigu, comente sa no esistèntzia de s'Otzèanu Antàrticu e sos mares suos, ma est pendente de un'agiornamentu chi s'agatat disocupada pro iscuncordàntzias in sa determinatzione de lìmites. {| class="wikitable" border="0" style="background:#ffffff" |+ align="center" style="background:DarkSlateBlue; color:white" |<big>'''Lista de sos mares de su mundu (segundu s'IHO)'''</big> ! align="center" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" width="500 px" | ! align="center" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" width="500 px" | |- | valign="top" | {| class="sortable wikitable" border="0" style="background:#ffffff" ! align="center" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" width="15 px" |Núm. ! align="center" class="unsortable" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" width="80 px" |Localizatzione ! align="center" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" |Mare ! align="center" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" width="15 px" |Otzèanu |- |01. || [[File:Locatie Oostzee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare Bàlticu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|59|30|N|23|0|E|type:waterbody_scale:5000000|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Bàlticu}}}} || [[Mare Bàlticu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- |01.a ||→ [[File:Locatie Botnische Golf.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Bòtnia]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|62|09|18|N|19|30|01|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Gulfu de Bòtnia}}}} || [[Gulfu de Bòtnia]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- |01.b ||→ [[File:Locatie Finse Golf.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Finlàndia]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|59|53|N|26|06|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Gulfu de Finlàndia}}}}|| [[Gulfu de Finlàndia]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- |01.c ||→ [[File:Locatie Golf van Riga.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Riga]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|57|37|32|N|23|35|05|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Gulfu de Riga}}}} || [[Gulfu de Riga]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 02. || [[File:Locatie Kattegat.PNG|80px|Localització del Kattegat, l'Øresund i els Belts]]<br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|56|55|42|N|11|25|41|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Kattegat, Øresund i Belts}}}} || [[Kattegat|Kattegat, Øresund i Belts]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 03. || [[File:Locatie Skagerrak.PNG|80px|Localització de l'estret de l'Skagerrak]]<br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|57|50|50|N|9|04|23|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Astrintura de Skagerrak}}}} || Astrintura de [[Skagerrak]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 04. || [[File:Locatie Noordzee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare del Nord]]<br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|56|N|03|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de su Nord}}}} || [[Mare de su Nord]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 05. || [[File:Groenlandzee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Groenlàndia]]<br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|76|N|8|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Groenlàndia}}}} || [[Mare de Groenlàndia]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 06. || [[File:Noorse zee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Noruega]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|69|00|N|0|01|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Norvègia}}}} || [[Mare de Noruega]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 07. || [[File:Barentszzee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Barentsz]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|75|N|40|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Barentsz}}}} || [[Mare de Barentsz]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 08. || [[File:White Sea map.png|80px|Localizatzione de su mare Biancu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|65|39|17|N|36|51|15|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Biancu}}}} || [[Mare Biancu]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 09. || [[File:Kara Sea map.png|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Kara]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|74|49|55|N|71|18|43|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Kara}}}} || [[Mare de Kara]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 10. || [[File:Laptevzee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Làptev]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|75|25|04|N|125|44|25|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Làptev}}}} || [[Mare de Làptev]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 11. || [[File:Oost-Siberische zee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de sa Sibèria Orientale]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|72|17|10|N|164|09|49|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de la Sibèria Oriental}}}} || [[Mare de sa Sibèria Orientale]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 12. || [[File:Tsjoektsjenzee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de su Ciukci]]<br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|69|41|19|N|171|27|19|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mar dels Txuktxis}}}} || [[Mar de su Ciukci]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 13. || [[File:Beaufortzee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Beaufort]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|72|01|40|N|137|02|30|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Beaufort}}}} || [[Mare de Beaufort]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 14. || [[File:Northwest passage.jpg|80px|Localizatzione de su coladòrgiu de su Nord-Ovest]] || [[Coladòrgiu de su Nord-Ovest]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 14.A ||→ [[File:Baffinbaai.PNG|80px|Localització de la badia de Baffin]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|73|24|30|N|68|07|52|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Badia de Baffin}}}} || [[Badia de Baffin]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 15. || [[File:Davis Strait.PNG|80px|Localització de l'estret de Davis]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|67|00|38|N|058|001|44|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Astrintura de Davis}}}} || [[Astrintura de Davis]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 15.A ||→ [[File:Labrador Sea.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Labrador]]<br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|61|N|56|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de su Labrador}}}} || [[Mare de su Labrador]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 16. || [[File:Hudsonbaymap nl.png|80px|Localizatzione de sa baia de Hudson]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|60|N|85|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Badia de Hudson}}}} ||[[Baja de Hudson]]||[[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 16.A ||→ [[File:Hudson Straat.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de s'astrintura de Hudson]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|62|29|36|N|71|57|43|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Astrintura de Hudson}}}} || [[Astrintura de Hudson]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 17. || [[File:LocationArcticOcean.png|80px|Localizatzione de s'otzèanu àrticu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|90|N|0|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Otzèanu Àrticu}}}} || [[Otzèanu Àrticu]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 17.A ||→ [[File:Lincoln Sea.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Lincoln]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|83|17|37|N|57|08|02|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Lincoln}}}} || [[Mare de Lincoln]] || [[Otzèanu Àrticu|ART]] |- | 18. || [[File:Hebridesmap.png|70px|Localizatzione de su mare de sas Èbrides]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|56|48|N|6|48|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mars interiors de la costa oest d'Escòcia}}}} || [[Mare de sas Èbrides|Mare interiore de sa costa ovest de s'Iscòtzia]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 19. || [[File:Locatie Ierse Zee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Irlanda]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|53|43|18|N|5|10|38|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Irlanda}}}} || [[Mare de Irlanda]] e [[canale de Santu Giorgi]]|| [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 20. || [[File:Locatie Bristolkanaal.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su canale de Bristol]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|51|18|N|3|37|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Canale de Bristol}}}} || [[Canale de Bristol]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 21. || [[File:Locatie Het Kanaal.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su canale de sa Màniga]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|50|11|01|N|0|31|52|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Canale de sa Màniga}}}} || [[Canale de sa Màniga]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 22. || [[File:Mar Cantabrico.png |80px|Localizatzione de su mare Cantàbricu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|45|05|27|N|3|54|27|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Cantàbricu}}}} || [[Mare Cantàbricu]] o golf de Biscaia || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 23. || [[File:800px-LocationAtlanticOcean.png|80px|Localizatzione de s'otzèanu atlànticu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|0|N|30|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Otzèanu Atlànticu nord}}}} || Otzèanu Atlànticu nord || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 24. || [[File:Gulf of Saint Lawrence 2.jpg|80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Santu Larentu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|48|0|N|61|30|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Gulfu de Santu Larentu}}}} || [[Gulfu de Santu Larentu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 25. || [[File:Wpdms nasa topo bay of fundy.jpg|80px|Localització de la badia de Fundy]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|45|00|N|65|48|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Badia de Fundy}}}} || [[Badia de Fundy]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 26. || [[File:GulfofMexico3D.jpg|80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de su Mèssicu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|25|22|07|N|90|23|26|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Gulfu de su Mèssicu}}}} || [[Gulfu de su Mèssicu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 27. || [[File:Topographic30deg N0W60.png|80px|Localització del mare Caraìbicu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|14|31|32|N|75|49|06|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Caraìbicu}}}} || [[Mare Caraìbicu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28. || [[File:Locatie Middellandse Zee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare Mediterràneu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|35|N|18|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Mediterràneu}}}} || [[Mare Mediterràneu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- |28.A ||→ || [[Conca otzidentale de su mare Mediterràneu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28.B ||→ || [[Conca orientale de su mare Mediterràneu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28.Aa ||→ [[File:Locatie Straat van Gibraltar.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de s'strintura de Gibilterra]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|35|58|18|N|5|29|09|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Astrintura de Gibilterra}}}} || [[Astrintura de Gibilterra]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28.Ab ||→ [[File:STS059-238-074 Strait of Gibraltar.jpg|80px|Localització del mar d'Alboran]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|36|0|N|3|0|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Alboran}}}} || [[Mar d'Alboran]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28.Ac ||→ [[File:Balearic Sea map.png|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de sas Baleares]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|40|0|N|1|30|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de sas Baleares}}}} || [[Mare de sas Baleares]] ||[[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28.Ad ||→ [[File:Ligurian Sea map.png|80px|Localizatzione de su mare Lìgure]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|43|29|54|N|9|02|30|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Lìgure}}}} || [[Mare Lìgure]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28.Ae ||→ [[File:Locatie Tyrreense Zee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare Tirrenu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|39|31|22|N|13|21|12|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Tirrenu}}}} || [[Mare Tirrenu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28.Af ||→ [[File:Locatie Ionische Zee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare Iònicu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|38|06|04|N|18|17|41|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Iònicu}}}} || [[Mare Iònicu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28.Ag ||→ [[File:Locatie Adriatische zee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare Adriàticu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|43|N|15|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Adriàticu}}}} || [[Mare Adriàticu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 28.Bh ||→ [[File:Locatie Egeische Zee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare Egeu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|39|15|34|N|24|57|09|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Egeu}}}} || [[Mare Egeu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 29. || [[File:Locatie Zee van Marmara.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Màrmara]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|40|43|21|N|28|13|29|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Màrmara}}}} || [[Mare de Màrmara]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 30.|| [[File:Locatie Zwarte Zee.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare Nieddu]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|43.5|N|34.5|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare Nieddu}}}} || [[Mare Nieddu]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 31. || [[File:Locatie Zee van Azov.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Azov]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|46|N|37|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Mare de Azov}}}} || [[Mare de Azov]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 32. || [[File:800px-LocationAtlanticOcean.png|80px|Localizatzione de s'otzèanu Atlànticu]] || Otzèanu Atlànticu sud || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 33. || [[File:Plata buenos aires montevideo map.PNG|80px|Localizatzione de su riu de sa Plata]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|34|30|S|58|10|W|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Riu de la Plata}}}} || [[Riu de sa Plata]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- | 34. || [[File:Gulf of Guinea 5.24136E 2.58756N.jpg|80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Guinea]] <br/> {{càmbia mannària|85%|{{coord|1|0|N|4|0|E|type:waterbody|display=inline|nùmene=Gulfu de Guinea}}}} || [[Gulfu de Guinea]] || [[Otzèanu Atlànticu|ATL]] |- |} | valign="top" | {| class="sortable wikitable" border="0" style="background:#ffffff" ! align="center" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" width="15 px" |Núm. ! align="center" class="unsortable" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" width="80 px" |Localizatzione ! align="center" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" |Mare ! align="center" style="background:Lavender; color:Black" width="15 px" |Otzèanu |- |35. |[[File:Sinai_Peninsula_from_Southeastern_Mediterranean_panorama_STS040-152-180.jpg|87x87px|Localizatzione de su golf de Suez]] |Gulfu de Suez |IND |- |36. |[[File:Locatie_Golf_van_Akaba.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Aqaba]] |Gulfu de Aqaba |IND |- |37. |[[File:Locatie_Rode_Zee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare Ruju]] |[[Mare Ruju]] |IND |- |38. |[[File:Locatie_Golf_van_Aden.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Aden]] |Gulfu de Aden |IND |- |39. |[[File:Locatie_Arabische_Zee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Aràbia]] |Mare de Aràbia |IND |- |40. |[[File:Locatie_Golf_van_Oman.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Omàn]] |Gulfu de Omàn |IND |- |41. |[[File:Locatie_Perzische_Golf.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu Pèrsicu]] |Gulfu Pèrsicu |IND |- |42. | |Mare de sas Lacadivas |IND |- |43. |[[File:Locatie_Golf_van_Bengalen.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Bengala]] |Gulfu de su Bengala |IND |- |44. |[[File:Locatie_Andamanse_Zee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Andaman]] |Mare de Andaman |IND |- |45. |[[File:800px-LocationIndianOcean.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de s'otzèanu Indianu]] |Otzèanu Indianu |IND |- |45. |→[[File:LocationMozambiqueChannel.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de su canale de Mozambicu]] |Canale de Mozambicu |IND |- |46 |→[[File:Locatie_Straat_van_Malakka.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de s'astrintu dae Malacca]] |Astrintura de Malacca |IND |- |46.b |→[[File:Straits_of_Singapore_locator_map.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de s'astrintura de Singapore]] |Astrintura de Singapore |IND |- |47. |[[File:Locatie_Golf_van_Thailand.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Siam]] |Gulfu de Siam o de Tailàndia |IND |- |48. |[[File:IndoZee.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Indonèsia]] |Mare de Indonèsia |IND |- |48 |→[[File:Ph_locator_map_palawan_(es).PNG|117x117px|Localizatzione de su mare de Sulu]] |Mare de Sulu |IND |- |48.b |→[[File:Locatie_Celebeszee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Cèlebes]] |Mare de Cèlebes |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.c |→[[File:Locatie_Molukse_Zee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de sas Moluccas]] |Mare de sas Moluccas |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48 |→ |Gulfu de Tomini |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.e |→[[File:Locatie_Zee_van_Halmahera.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Halmahera]] |Mare de Halmahera |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.f |→[[File:Locatie_Ceramzee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Sera]] |Mare de Seram |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.g |→[[File:Locatie_Bandazee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Banda]] |Mare de Banda |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.h |→[[File:Locatie_Arafurazee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Arafura]] |Mare de Arafura |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.e |→[[File:Locatie_Timorzee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Timor]] |Mare de Timor |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.j |→[[File:Locatie_Floreszee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Flores]] |Mare de Flores |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.l |→[[File:Bali Sea location.svg|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Bali]] |Mare de Bali |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.n |→[[File:Locatie_Javazee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Java]] |Mare de Java |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |48.o |→[[File:Locatie_Savoezee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Savu]] |Mare de Savu |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |49. |[[File:Locatie_Zuid-Chinese_Zee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de sa Tzina Meridionale]] |Mare de sa Tzina Meridionale (Nanu Hai) |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |50. |[[File:Locatie_Oost-Chinese_Zee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de sa Tzina Orientale]] |Mare de sa Tzina Orientale (Tung Hai) |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |51. |[[File:Locatie_Gele_Zee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare Grogu]] |Mare Grogu (Hwang Hai) |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |52. |[[File:Sea_of_Japan_Map_en.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de su Giapone]] |Mare de su Giapone |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |53. |[[File:Inlandsea.jpg|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare Interiore de Seto]] |Mare Interiore de Seto |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |54. |[[File:Sea_of_Ochotsk_151.75790E_53.57880N.jpg|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Okhotsk]] |Mare de Okhotsk |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |55. |[[File:LA2-Bering-Sea.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Bering]] |Mare de Bering |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |56. |[[File:Locatie_Filipijnenzee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de sas Filipinas]] |Mare de sas Filipinas |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |57. |[[File:800px-LocationPacificOcean.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de s'otzèanu Patzìficu]] |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|Otzèanu Patzìficu Nord]] |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |58. |[[File:Gulfofalaskamap.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de su golf de s'Alaska]] |Gulfu de s'Alaska |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |59. | - |Aigües costerinas de su sud-ovest de s'[[Alaska]] e sa [[Colùmbia Britànnica]] |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |60. |[[File:Baja_peninsula_(mexico)_250m.jpg|107x107px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de sa Califòrnia]] |Gulfu de Califòrnia |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |61. |[[File:800px-LocationPacificOcean.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de s'otzèanu Patzìficu]] |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|Otzèanu Patzìficu Sud]] |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |62. |[[File:Australia.A2002231.0145.250m_NASA_Nullarbor.jpg|80x80px|Localizatzione de sa Baia Australiana manna]] |Baja Australiana Manna |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |62. |→[[File:Locatie_Straat_Bass.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de s'astrintura de Bass]] |Astrintura de Bass |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |63. |[[File:Locatie_Tasmanzee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Tasmània]] |Mare de Tasmània |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |64. |[[File:Locatie_Koraalzee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de su Coraddu]] |Mare de su Coraddu |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |65. |[[File:Papua_New_Guinea_map.png|86x86px|Localizatzione de su mare de sa Salomonas]] |Mare de sas Salomonas |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |- |66. |[[File:Papua_Neuguinea.jpg|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Bismarck]] |Mare de Bismarck |[[Otzèanu Patzìficu|PAC]] |} |} {| class="wikitable" border="0" style="background:#ffffff" |+ align="center" style="background:DarkSlateBlue; color:white" |<big>'''Àteros mares de su mundu'''</big> |[[File:Locatie_Keltische_Zee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare Tzèlticu]] |Mare Tzèlticu |[[File:Petsjorazee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Pečora]] |Mare de Pečora |[[File:Locatie_Bohaizee.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Bohai]] |Bohai |- |[[File:Locatie_Golf_van_Hammamet.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Hammamet]] |Gulfu de Hammamet |[[File:Mer_Egée_(carte).png|89x89px|Localizatzione de su mare Egea]] |Mare de Creta (mare Egea) |[[File:Locatie_Golf_van_Gabes.PNG|80x80px|Localizatzione de su gulfu de Gabès]] |Gulfu de Gabès |- |[[File:Ph_physical_map.png|110x110px|Localizatzione de su mare de Sibuyan]] |Mare de Sibuyan | |Mare de sos Sargassos |[[File:Waddenzee.jpg|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Wadden]] |Mare de Wadden (mare de su Nord) |- |[[File:800px-LocationSouthernOcean.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de s'otzèanu Antàrticu]] |[[Otzèanu Antàrticu]] |[[File:Antarctica_Map.png|98x98px|Localizatzione de su mares de s'otzèanu Antàrticu]] |Mare de Amundsen, mare de Ross, mare de Weddell, mare de Davis e mare de Bellingshausen<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |[[File:Scotia_Sea.png|80x80px|Localizatzione de su mare de Scotia]] |Mare de Scotia |- |[[File:Caspian_Sea_from_orbit.jpg|102x102px|Localizatzione de su mare Càspia]] |[[Mare Càspiu]] |[[File:Aral_sea_from_space_in_2002.jpg|107x107px|Localizatzione de su mare de Aral]] |[[Mare de Aral]] |[[File:Dead_Sea_1920px.jpg|185x185px|Localizatzione de su mare Mortu]] |[[Mare Mortu]] |- |} == Lista de sos mares pro superfìtzie == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Nº !Nùmene !Superfìtzie (mie²) !Superfìtzie ([[Chilòmetru cuadradu|km²]]) |- |1 |Mare de sas Filipinas |2.000.000 |5.177.762 |- |2 |Mare de su Coraddu |1.850.000 |4.791.000 |- |3 |Mare de Aràbia |1.491.130 |3.862.000 |- |4 |Mare de sa Tzina Meridionale |1.351.936 |3.500.000 |- |5 |Mare de Weddell |1.081.548 |2.800.000 |- |6 |[[Mare Caraìbicu|Mar Carib]] |1.063.000 |2.754.000 |- |7 |[[Mare Mediterraneu|Mar Mediterràneu]] |965.000 |2.500.000 |- |8 |Mare de Tasmània |900.000 |2.330.000 |- |9 |Mare de Bering |873.000 |2.260.100 |- |10 |Golf de Bengala |838.970 |2.172.000 |} == Istados de su mare == Cun relatzione a sas dimensiones de sas ondas e a sos impèigos chi rapresentant pro sa navigatzione, si sunt determinadas diversos grados de sos istados de su mare segundu s'iscala Douglas, cun denominatziones ispetzìficas. == Mares extraterrestres == Sos mares lunares sunt mannos pranos basàlticos de sa Luna<ref name="Maria">{{Tzita web|url = http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/June00/lunarMaria.html|tìtulu = The Surprising Lunar Maria|editore = Planetary Science Research Discoveries|autore = Taylor G. Jeffrey |data = 23 làmpadas 2000|limba = en}}</ref> chi sos primos astrònomos ant confùndidu cun massas de abba, chi ant batijadu comente a "mares". In sa superfìtzie de [[Marte]], si creet chi in unu passadu larganu nche podiat àere esìstida abba in forma lìcuida e chi sos diversos batzinos martzianos atuales diant èssere fundos marinos sicos. Sa prus grandu est sa mentovada ''Vastitas Borealis'', e nde nche depet àteras comente s'Hellas Planitia e s'Argyre Planitia. Puru si suponet sa presèntzia de abba currente suta sa superfìtzie de diversas lunas, mescamente in Europa. In sa superfìtzie de [[Titanu (astronomia)|Titanu]] puru si creet chi b'ant idrocarburos in forma lìcuida, cun totu chi in custu casu diat èssere prus cunformadu faeddare de "lagos" chi no de "mares". == Su mare in sa mitologia == Sas mitologias teniant ispiegatziones pro s'orìgine de su mare comente a parte de sa creatzione de su mundu, e a s'ispissu unu de sos deos printzipales regnaiat subra su mare. Aici, pro esempru, Poseidone fiat su deus gregu de su mare, Olorun su de sos pànteons sudafricanos, sos tzinesos teniant bator deos [[Iscurtone|dragos]] (cadaunu incarrigadu dae un'otzèanu), Nun s'incarrigaiat de sas abbas de su comintzu pro sos egitzianos... Medas piscadores s'acumandaiant a santos o gènios locales pro pregontare protetzione in antis su mare. In sa literadura, su mare est istadu sinònimu a s'ispissu de sa morte, siat pro sos mostros marinos naschidos dae sa mitologia, pro analogia de sa metàfora de su riu comente sa vida (chi acabat in assutare in su mare) o pro sa cantidade de riferimentos acuàticos in escatologia (sa laguna Estígia o su riu de sa morte egitzianu, pro esempru). == Riferimentos == <references responsive="1" group=""></references>{{Controllu de autoridade}} {{Artìculu de su mese|cabudanni|2020}} [[Categoria:Mares]] mb8ug03m0zs8ki0uxpuqtuq17tilui3 0 18656 190025 189979 2026-05-16T02:12:57Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 3 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Variant|LSC}}{{Bio|Nome=|Cognome=Stallman|ForzaOrdinamento=|Sesso=M|LuogoNascita=New York|GiornoMeseNascita=16 marzo|AnnoNascita=|LuogoMorte=|GiornoMeseMorte=|AnnoMorte=|Epoca=1900|Attività=|Attività2=|Attività3=|Nazionalità=|Immagine=Richard Stallman - Fête de l'Humanité 2014 - 010.jpg|Didascalia=Richard Stallman in su 2014|Nòmene=Richard Matthew Stallman|Natzionalidade=istadunidensu|AnnuNascita=1953|Faìna=programmadore|Faìna2=informàticu|Faìna3=ativista|DieMeseNascita=16 martzu|LoguNascita=New York|Imàzine=Richard_Stallman_-_Fête_de_l'Humanité_2014_-_010.jpg}} Est unu de sos esponentes printzipales de su movimentu de sa programmera lìbera. In su cabudanni de su 1983 at incumentzadu su [[GNU|progetu GNU]] cun s'intentu de creare unu [[sistema operativu]] pretzisu a [[UNIX|Unix]], ma assentadu in manera intrea de programma lìberu<ref name=":0">{{Tzita web|1=https://www.gnu.org/gnu/initial-announcement.html|2=Annuncio iniziale del progetto GNU|data=27 cabudanni 1983|limba=it|5=16 martzu 2013|atzessu=2019-08-10|dataarchìviu=2009-03-05|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305002259/http://www.gnu.org/gnu/initial-announcement.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>: de custu at pigadu vida su movimentu de su programma lìberu. In su santugaine de su 1985 at fundadu sa [[Free Software Foundation]] (FSF). Pioniere de su cuntzetu de copyleft, in su [[1983|1989]] at creadu sa [[Lissèntzia GPL|GNU Generale Public License]], una de is lissèntzias lìberas prus difùndidas.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.fsf.org/about/what-is-free-software|tìtulu=What is free software and why is it so important for society?|editore=fsf.org|limba=en|atzessu=16 martzu 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|http://www.free-soft.org/gpl_history/|The History of the GPL|limba=en|9 làmpadas 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|https://www.debian.org/legal/licenses/|License information for Debian|limba=en|9 làmpadas 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|https://gitlab.com/fdroid/fdroiddata/blob/master/stats/licenses.txt|Litzèntzias impreadas in F-Droid|9 làmpadas 2016}}</ref> === Orìgine e formatzione === Stallman est nàschidu dae Daniel Stallman e Alice Lippman in su 1953 in New York. Sa prima esperièntzia sua cun sos elaboradores est istada in s'IBM New York Scientific Center: Stallman at passadu s'istiu a pustis de su diploma de iscola superiora iscriende su primu programma suo, unu protzessore pro su limbàgiu de programmatzione PL/I in s'IBM 360. In custu perìodu, Stallman est istadu fintzas un'assistente de laboratòriu voluntàriu in su dipartimentu de biologia a sa Rockefeller University. === Sa carriera acadèmica === Mancari si esseret indiritzende a una carriera de matemàticu o fìsicu, su professore suo a sa Rockefeller at pensadu chi diat àere tentu unu benidore comente a biòlogu. In su làmpadas de su [[1971]] a su primu annu de istudiante a s'universidade de Harvard, Stallman est essidu programmadore a su laboratòriu de Abistesa artifitziale de su MIT. Inoghe at fatu parte de sa comunidade de sos hacker, ue fiat connotu cun sa sigla "rms" (in sa prima editzione de su ditzionàriu de s'Hacker at iscritu: Richard Stallman est solu su nùmene meu mondanu; tue mi podes nàrrere "rms").<ref name="codicelibero-cap3">{{Cita libro|1=Sam|2=Williams|3=Codice Libero. Richard Stallman e la crociata per il software libero|4=2003|5=Apogeo|6=|ISBN=978-88-503-2108-7|url=http://www.theopencd.it/live/extras/books/CodiceLibero/index.html|capìtulu=Capitolo 3. Un ritratto dell'hacker da giovane|atzessu=2019-08-10|dataarchìviu=2013-06-13|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613211939/http://www.theopencd.it/live/extras/books/CodiceLibero/index.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref name="own-bio">{{Tzita web|url=https://stallman.org/biographies.html|tìtulu=Biography|situ=stallman.org|limba=en|atzessu=2016-12-28}}</ref> Stallman s'est laureadu cun lode (magna cum laude) in Fìsica in s'universidade de Harvard in su 1974. A pustis s'est iscritu a unu corsu post-làurea in [[fìsica]] a su MIT, ma at abbandonadu is istùdios, abarrende programmadore a su laboratòriu de abistesa artifitziale de su MIT. Mentras fiat istudiante a su MIT, Stallman at publicadu una relatzione subra “Truth Maintenance System” intitulada “dependency-directed backtracking” cun Gerald Jay Sussman. Custa relatzione est istada unu primu traballu in su problema de su ”Intelligent backtracking” in sa satisfatzione de sos vìnculos.<ref name=":1">{{Tzita publicatzione|autore=Richard M. Stallman, Gerald Jay Sussman|tìtulu=Forward Reasoning and Dependency-Directed Backtracking in a System for Computer-Aided Circuit analysis|rivista=|volume=|nùmeru=|limba=en|url=https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/6255/AIM-380.pdf?sequence=4}}</ref> Cando in su [[1974|1977]] su laboratòriu de informàtica (Laboratory for Computer Science, LCS) de su MIT at installadu unu sistema de atzessu limitadu, amparadu dae paràula de intrada, Stallman at agatadu su modu pro decritare sas paràulas e at imbiadu a cada impitadore unu messàgiu continente sa crae sua, cun s'impòsitu de dda cambiare lassende·dda bòida pro torrare a permìtere s'atzessu anònimu a su sistema. Belle su 20% de sos impitadores at sighidu su cussìgiu suo, mancari chi sos atzessos cun paràula de intrada a sa fine ant prevàlidu. Stallman s'est bantadu de sa resèssida in sa campagna sua pro medas annos a pustis.<ref name="own-bio"></ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/6255|tìtulu=Forward Reasoning and Dependency-Directed Backtracking in a System for Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis|limba=en}}</ref> === Su cuntrastu a su ''copyright'' === In sos tardos annos setanta e primos annos otanta, sa cultura hacker chi Stallman portaiat a in antis at cumintzadu a si isòrvere. Pro evitare chi sa programmera esseret impreada in sos elaboradores de sos cuncurrentes, sa majoria de sos produtores at acabadu de distribuire su còdighe de orìgine e at cumintzadu a impreare Copyright e lissèntzias restritivas pro is programmas, pro nde limitare o nde proibire sa còpia e sa ridistributzione. Custa propiedade de sos programmas giai esistiat in antis, e est devènnidu craru chi diat èssere essida sa norma. Custu càmbiu in is piessìnnios legales de is programmas podet èssere cunsideradu comente a una cunsighèntzia de una lege (Copyright Act) de su 1976, comente decraradu dae Brewster Kahle, cumpàngiu de Stallman a su MIT. Cando Brian Reid in su 1979 at postu “bombas a tempu” in Scribe pro limitare s'atzessu sena lissèntzia a su programma, Stallman l'at cunsideradu “unu crìmine contra a s'umanidade”. Issu at craridu, annos a pustis, chi su chi issu cunsìderat unu crìmine no est a fàghere pagare sos programmas, ma limitare sa libertade de s'impitadore. In su 1980, a Stallman e a unos àteros hacker de su laboratòriu de abistesa artifitziale est istadu refudadu su còdighe de su programma pro s'imprentadora laser Xerox 9700 (“Dover”). Stallman aiat modificadu su programma in una betza imprentadora (sa XGP, Xerographic Printer); cun sa muda sua s'impitadore retziat de s'imprentadora unu messàgiu eletrònicu chi li signalaiat s'agabbu de s'imprenta chi aiat pedidu. Totu sos impitadores in coa de imprenta fiant avèrtidos in casu de cungestiones, de manera chi poderent abetare unu ritardu, e retziant s'informatzione netzessària pro evitare unas àteras cungestiones. Bìdere impedidu custu servìtziu agiuntivu, pro sa farta de su còdighe de orìgine de s'imprentadora, no fiat un'incumbeniente trascuràbile, sende chi, comente capitaiat a s'ispissu, s'imprentadora fiat ùnica pro medas impitadores in diversos pranos, e acanta a s'imprentadora finiant pro pasare diversas persones, perdende tempus pretziosu in isetu, o chirchende intre imprentas non ritiradas de àteros impitadores. Custa esperièntzia at aconcadu a Stallman chi sas persones bisòngiant de èssere lìberas de mudare su programma chi impreant. In su 1980, Richard Greenblatt, unu cumpàngiu hacker de su laboratòriu Al, at fundadu Lisp Machines, Inc. (LMI) pro cummertziare Lisp machines, chi issu e Tom Knight aiant creadu in laboratòriu. Greenblatt at refudadu investimentos esternos, creende chi sos profetos de su fàbbricu e de sa bèndida de unas màchinas poderent èssere torrados a imbestire cun profetu pro sa crèschida de sa sotziedade. A su contràriu, is àteros hacker reteniant chi esseret mègius s'acurtziamentu de una venture capital finantziadora. Is segundos, cando no est istadu possìbile segudare perunu acòrdiu, ant fundadu Symbolics, cun s'agiudu de Russ Noftsker, un'amministradore de su laboratòriu Al (Al Lab). Symbolics at reclutadu sa majoria de sos hacker abarrados, inclùdidu s'hacker nòdidu Bill Gosper. Symbolics at costrintu Greenblatt fintzas a si dimitire tzitende sas polìticas de su MIT. Mentras ambas cumpangias produiant programma propietàriu, Stallman creiat chi LMI, a diferèntzia de Symbolics, aeret proadu a evitare de iscalabrare sa comunidade de su laboratòriu. Pro duos annos, de su 1982 a sa fine de su 1983, Stallman at traballadu a solu pro clonare is programmas de Symbolics, cun s'intentu de non ddi lassare su monopòliu in sos computer de su laboratòriu. At refudadu unu benidore ue diat àere dèpidu firmare acòrdios de non divulgatzione pro non cumpartzire còdighes de orìgine o informatziones tècnicas cun unos àteros programmadores e acumprire unas àteras atziones chi cunsideraiat traitorias de sos printzìpios suos. At seberadu imbetzes de cumpartzire su traballu suo cun totus is àteros, in su chi cunsideraiat unu clàssicu ispìritu de collaboratzione. Mancari chi Stallman non partetziparet in sos annos sessanta a s'era de sa contra-cultura, est istadu ispiradu dae su refudu suo de sa chirca de sa richesa comente a primu obietivu de vida. Stallman sustentat chi sos impitadores de programmas diant dèpere tènnere sa libertade de “cumpartzire cun sos serentes issoro” e de pòdere istudiare e fàghere mudas a is programmas chi impreant. At naradu medas bortas chi is tentativos de sos bendidores de programma propietàriu de proibire custos autos sunt “anti-sotziales” e “no èticos”. Sa frase “su programma bolet èssere lìberu” dd'est s'ispissu atribuida a manera non curreta, e Stallman sustentat chi custa est una descritzione farsa de sa filosofia sua. Issu sustentat chi sa libertade est vitale pro su bene de sos impitadores e de sa sotziedade comente a unu balore morale, e no a manera pura pro resones pragmàticas comente a isvilupare in carchi modu unu programma tecnicamente superiore. Pro evitare influèntzias dae su MIT in su ghennàrgiu 1984, Stallman at lassadu su traballu suo pro si dedicare a tempus prenu a su [[GNU|progetu GNU]], chi aiat annuntziadu in su cabudanni de su 1983. === Su Progetu GNU === [[File:Heckert_GNU_white.svg|right|thumb|Su logu GNU.]] Stallman at annuntziadu su progetu pro su sistema operativu [[GNU]] in su cabudanni 1983 subra medas mailing list [[ARPAnet]] e [[Usenet]]. In su [[1983|1985]], Stallman at publicadu su manifestu GNU, chi descriiat sas motivatziones suas pro creare unu sistema operativu lìberu, naradu GNU, chi diat èssere istadu cumpatìbile cun [[UNIX|Unix]]. Su nùmene GNU est un'acrònimu ricorsivu pro "GNU's Not Unix (GNU no est Unix)". Pagu a pustis, at dadu chintu a una corporatzione sena profetu mutida [[Free Software Foundation]] pro impreare programmadores de programmera lìbera e frunire una base legale pro su movimentu de su programma lìberu.<ref name=":0"></ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/gnu/manifesto.html|tìtulu=The GNU Manifesto}}</ref> In su 1985, Stallman at imbentadu e ispainadu su cuntzetu de '''permissu de autore''' (''copyleft''), unu mecanismu legale pro amparare sos deretos de muda e redistribuzione de sa programmera lìbera. In comintzu, est istadu impreadu in sa GNU Emacs Generale Public License, e in su 1989 est istadu distribuidu su primu programma indipendente in suta de lissèntzia [[Lissèntzia GPL|GPL]]. Dae tando, sa majoria de su sistema GNU est istadu cumpletadu. Stallman at contribuidu cun medas trastos netzessàrios, inclùdidos un'editor de testu, unu [[compiladore]], unu ''debugger'', unu ''build automator'' (unu mètodu automàticu de cumpiladura de còdighe de orìgine a còdighe binàriu).<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.free-soft.org/gpl_history/|tìtulu=The History of the GNU General Public License|situ=www.free-soft.org|limba=en|atzessu=2016-12-28}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.free-soft.org/gpl_history/emacs_gpl.html|tìtulu=Emacs General Public License|situ=www.free-soft.org|limba=en|atzessu=2016-12-28|dataarchìviu=2018-06-12|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143537/http://www.free-soft.org/gpl_history/emacs_gpl.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> === Is annos '90: GNU/Hurd e Linux === {{Torra a|HURD|Linux (nùcleu)}}Su chi ancora mancaiat fiat su [[Sistema operativu#Nùcleu|nùcleu]]. In su 1990, unos membros de su progetu GNU ant cumintzadu s'isvilupu de unu nùcleu, [[HURD|GNU Hurd]], chi depet ancora segudare su livellu de maturidade rechertu pro s'impreu difùndidu. In su 1991, [[Linus Torvalds]], un'istudiante finlandesu, at impreadu sos trastos de isvilupu GNU pro prodùere su [[Linux (nùcleu)|kernel Linux]]. Is programmas de su progetu GNU sunt istados adatados luego pro funtzionare cun su nùcleu Linux e como medas impitadores e programmadores impreant su nùmene “[[Linux]]” pro si referire a su sistema operativu cumpletu. In sa comunidade de su programma lìberu nd'est resurtada una contierra: Stallman sustentat chi no impreare “GNU” mènguat in manera ingiusta su balore de su progetu GNU e noghet a sa sostenibilità de su movimentu de su programma lìberu seghende su collegamentu tra su programma e sa filosofia de su programma lìberu de su progetu GNU. Sas influèntzias de Stallman in sa cultura hacker includent su nùmene [[POSIX]] e s'editor Emacs. In sos sistemas [[UNIX]], sa popularidade de GNU Emacs at fatu cuncurrèntzia a s'àteru editor [[vi]], provochende una gherra intre editor. Stallman at pigadu positzione in custu canonizende·si a manera brullana comente a "St. IGNUcius" de sa Crèsia de [[Emacs]] e reconnoschende chi "vi est s'editor de su diàulu", mentras "impreare una versione lìbera de vi no est unu pecadu, est una penitenza". Unu nùmeru de isvilupadores at bidu a Stallman comente a unu pessonàgiu difìtzile cun su cale traballare in paris de unu puntu de annotu polìticu, intra-personale o tècnicu. A inghìriu a su 1992, isvilupadores de sa Lucid Inc. traballende subra Emacs s'ant brigadu cun Stallman e a sa fine ant fatu unu fork de su programma. Su [[Fork (isvilupo programma)|fork]] issoro prus tardos est divenidu [[XEmacs]]. Un'archìviu de messàgios eletrònicos publicadu dae Jamie Zawinski documentat sas crìticas issoro e sas rispostas de Stallman. Ulrich Drepper, chi Stallman aiat nominadu pro traballare a sa libreria GNU libc pro su Progetu GNU, at publicadu chèscias contra a Stallman in sas notas pro sa distributzione de glibc 2.2.4. Drepper acusat Stallman de àere intentadu un'"iscalada ostile" de su progetu, referende·si a issu comente a unu "manìacu de su controllu e macu de ligare." Eric S. Raymond, chi a bias proclamat de faeddare a nùmene de un'ala de sos membros de su movimentu ''open source'', at iscritu medas artìculos in tonos crìticos meda, in ue acrarat su disacòrdiu de su movimentu cun Stallman e su movimentu pro su programma lìberu. In su 1999, Stallman at sollitzitadu s'isvilupu de un'entziclopedia lìbera on-line cumbidende su pùblicu a contribuire cun artìculos. S'entziclopedia, in sa bisura sua, diat àere dèpidu èssere de-tzentralizada, aberta a totus pro sa còpia e sa tradutzione; e sende aberta a sa contributzione de chie si siat, diat àere dèpidu cramare prus che totu s'atentu de sos insegnantes e de sos istudiantes<ref>{{En}} Richard Stallman, ''[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025040155/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html |date=2018-10-25 }}'', 1999</ref>. Stallman bisada una durada de su progetu de s'òrdine de 20-30 annos pro pòdere tènnere cobertura de totu sos argumentos in totu sas limbas de su mundu.<ref>{{En}} Geert Lovink, ''[http://www.cybersociology.com/files/6_geertlovink_richardstallman.html An interview with Richard Stallman, Founder of the Free Software Foundation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929180018/http://www.cybersociology.com/files/6_geertlovink_richardstallman.html |date=2018-09-29 }}'', in ''Wizards of OS'', Berlinu, 17 trìulas 1999.</ref> <br /> === Is annos 2000 === [[File:Wikimania_stallman_keynote2.jpg|right|thumb|Stallman durante s'interventu suo a [[wm2005:Main_Page|Wikimania 2005]] (''Frankfurt am Main'')]] [[File:Jadwisin_2009_Richard_Stallman.jpg|right|thumb|Stallman durante s'interventu suo a [[wm2009:Main_Page|Wikimania 2009]] ([[Buenos Aires]])]] In s'austu de su 2006, durante sos incontros cun su guvernu de s'Istadu indianu de su Kerala, at aconcadu sos funtzionàrios a lassare su programma propietàriu, comente a cuddu de Microsoft, in sas iscolas istatales. Custu at batidu a su detzisu de batire totu sos elaboradores iscolàsticos de 12.500 iscolas superioras de Windows a unu sistema operativu lìberu. A pustis de incontros personales, Stallman at otentu decraros positivos in su movimentu de su programma lìberu de su presidente de s'Ìndia de issara, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, de sa candidada a sa presidèntzia frantzesa in su 2007 Ségolène Royal, e de su presidente de s'Ecuadòr [[Rafael Correa]]. In su 2006 e in su 2007, durante su de degheoto meses de sa consultatzione pùblica pro sa prima istèrrida de sa versione 3 de sa GNU Generale Public Licence, at agiuntu su de bator temas pro ispiegare sas mudadas propostas. Sa defensa detzisa de Stallman pro una programmera lìbera at ispiradu “Virtual Richard M. Stallman" ([[vrms]]), programma chi analizat sos pachetes installados in unu sistema Debian GNU/Linux, e sinnalat sos chi derivant de un'àrbore non lìberu. Cun unu cummentu<ref>{{En}} [[The Guardian]], ''[http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/dec/17/anonymous-wikileaks-protest-amazon-mastercard The Anonymous WikiLeaks protests are a mass demo against control] - The actions against MasterCard and Amazon are not 'hacking'. People are just finding a way to protest in a digital space'', 17 nadale 2010.</ref> acasagiadu dae su cuotidianu britànnicu [[The Guardian]] in su nadale [[2010]] Stallman at pigadu ispunto de sos eventos ligados a su casu de sa [[WikiLeaks|publicatzione de cablogrammas diplomàticos istadunidensos]] dae [[WikiLeaks|Wikileaks]] pro torrare a afirmare carchi cumbinchimentu suo subra sa natura ''non lìbera'' de sa retze [[Ìnternet|Internèt]] (definidu comente a unu "logu virtuale" in manera sustantziale privu de [[Diritos tziviles|deretos tziviles]], chi esistint imbetzes in su mundu beru) e s'importu de sa programmera lìbera pro isfugire a su controllu fatu in retze a sos indivìduos a banda de aziendas mannas e Istados. In prus de definire sos atacos [[Denial of service|DDoS]] ispirados dae [[Anonymous]] contra aziendas importantes in lìnia comente a [[Amazon.com|Amazon]] e [[MasterCard]] s'ecuivalente informàticu de una protesta de massa, Stallman at afirmadu:{{Tzitatzione|limba=en|limba2=sc|2=Richard Stallman, ''The Anonymous WikiLeaks protests are a mass demo against control''|3=I started the free software movement to replace user-controlling non-free software with freedom-respecting free software. With free software, we can at least control what software does in our own computers.|1=Apo aviadu su movimentu de su programma lìberu pro remplasare cun programmas lìberos rispetosos de sa libertade, is programmas non lìberos chi controllant a s'impitadore. Cun su programma lìberu, podimus nessi tènnere su controllu de su chi su programma faghet in sos elaboradores nostros.}} Su 16 cabudanni de su 2019 s'est dimìtidu dae sa càrriga de presidente de sa Free Software Foundation e dae sa positzione sua in su MIT, abarrende però a su cumandu de su [[GNU|progetu GNU]].<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.fsf.org/news/richard-m-stallman-resigns|tìtulu=Richard M. Stallman resigns|autore=Free Software Foundation|nùmene=|situ=www.fsf.org|limba=en|atzessu=2019-09-28}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-and-gnu|tìtulu=FSF and GNU — Free Software Foundation — working together for free software|situ=www.fsf.org|atzessu=2019-11-02}}</ref> Is dimissiones sunt dèpidas a s'iscàndalu pesadu dae is decraratziones suas in contu de Jeffrey Epstein, impresàriu incurpadu de abusos sessuales contra a minores e mortu suitzida in presone.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://stallman.org/archives/2019-jul-oct.html#16_September_2019_(Resignation)|tìtulu=2019: July - October Political Notes - Richard Stallman|nùmene=|situ=stallman.org|limba=en|atzessu=2019-09-28}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/tecnologia/2019/09/17/news/caso_epstein_richard_stallman_lascia_il_mit-236217278/|tìtulu=Caso Epstein, il guru del software libero Richard Stallman lascia il MIT|nùmene=|situ=Repubblica.it|data=2019-09-17|limba=it|atzessu=2019-09-28}}</ref> At annuntziadu de torrare in su cussìgiu de amministratzione de sa FSF in martzu de su [[2021]].<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.punto-informatico.it/richard-stallman-free-software-foundation-ritorno/|tìtulu=Richard Stallman torna nella Free Software Foundation|situ=www.punto-informatico.it|limba=it|atzessu=2022-03-22}}</ref> A pustis de s'annùntziu sunt cumpartas duas petitziones in GitHub: una pro pedire a sa FSF de torrare a bogare a Stallman<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://rms-open-letter.github.io/|tìtulu=An open letter to remove Richard M. Stallman from all leadership positions|situ=rms-open-letter.github.io|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-22}}</ref> e una pro ddu sustènnere<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://rms-support-letter.github.io/|tìtulu=An open letter in support of Richard M. Stallman|situ=An open letter in support of RMS.|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-22}}</ref>. S'organizatzione at cunfirmadu s'intentzione de acollire a Stallman in su cussìgiu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.fsf.org/news/statement-of-fsf-board-on-election-of-richard-stallman|tìtulu=Statement of FSF board on election of Richard Stallman — Free Software Foundation — Working together for free software|situ=www.fsf.org|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-22}}</ref> Issu at intentadu de ispricare is faeddos suos a pitzus de sa chistione Epstein e s'est iscusadu pro is malintèndidas chi ant causadu<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.fsf.org/news/rms-addresses-the-free-software-community|tìtulu=RMS addresses the free software community — Free Software Foundation — Working together for free software|situ=www.fsf.org|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-22}}</ref>, ma unas cantu organizatziones ant detzìdidu de non suportare prus is fainas de sa Free Software Foundation.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://rms-open-letter.github.io/statements.html|tìtulu=Statements by other organizations on the reappointment of RMS to the FSF board|situ=rms-open-letter.github.io|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-22}}</ref> == Su pensamentu == Stallman at dedicadu sa majoria de is energias suas a s'ativismu polìticu e in su campu de su programmera. Manifestende de si curare pagu de sos benes materiales, ispiegat chi at "semper bìvidu a sa grussera... comente a un'istudiante, in manera sustantziale. E mi gèniat custu, pro ite bolet nàrrere chi su dinari non mi narat ite fàghere". Pro medas annos Stallman no at tentu una residèntzia permanente a foras de s'ufìtziu suo a su laboratòriu Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) de su Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), defininde·si unu ''squatter'' (ocupante abusivu) in su campus. Sa positzione sua de ''research affiliate'' a su MIT non fiat pagada.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://news.mit.edu/2001/stallman-1017|tìtulu=Stallman shares Takeda award of nearly $1M|nùmene=|situ=MIT News|tzitatzione=He worked as a computer programmer at the AI Lab from 1971-84, when he resigned to develop free software, continuing to work at the lab as an unpaid MIT research affiliate.|atzessu=2019-09-28}}</ref> In contu de sos cumbinchimentos religiosos suos, in una nota a pee de pàgina de un'artìculu chi at iscritu in su [[1999]], afirmat: "Comente a [[Ateismu|àteu]], deo non sigo peruna [[religione]]-ghia, ma carchi borta mi agato a ammirare carchi cosa de su chi narant." Stallman at seberadu de non festare sa Paschighedda, tzelebrende imbetzes su 25 [[nadale]] una festa de imbentu suo, ''Grav-mass'' (unu giogu de paràulas referidu a ''Christ-mas'', Paschighedda in [[limba inglesa]]). Su nùmene e sa data sunt referidos a [[Isaac Newton]], chi est nàschidu in cussa die. Cando ddi benint fatas preguntas in contu de sas figuras chi l'ant ispiradu, rispondet chi ammirat [[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi|Mahatma Gandhi]], [[Martin Luther King]], [[Nelson Mandela]], [[Aung San Suu Kyi]], [[Ralph Nader]], e [[Dennis Kucinich]], cummentende annotamala: "Deo ammiro Franklin Delano Roosevelt e Winston Churchill, mancari chi crìticu carchi cosa chi ant fatu". Stallman est unu sustenidore de su ''Green Party'' istadunidensu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.stallman.org/|tìtulu=Richard Stallman's Personal Home Page|editore=stallman.org|limba=en|atzessu=13 làmpadas 2011}}</ref> Stallman afirmat de non tènnere unu telèfonu tzellulare, ca creet chi sas rastas de sos telèfonos tzellulares creent problemas pro sa privatesa de sos datos personales.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://stallman.org/rms-lifestyle.html|tìtulu=RMS lifestyle|limba=en|atzessu=22 freàrgiu 2017}}</ref> Adorat una manna variedade de istiles musicales, de [[Conlon Nancarrow]] a su folk: sa ''Cantzone de su Programma Lìberu'' est iscrita mudende is faeddos de sa dantza folk bùlgara [[Sadi Moma]]. Prus de reghente at iscritu un'imitatzione de sa cantzone folk [[Cuba|cubana]] ''[[Guantanamera]]'', chi faeddat de unu presoneri in sa base navale de [[Guantanamo Bay]], e dd'at registrada a Cuba cun mùsicos cubanos. Stallman est un'apassionadu de fantascièntzia, inclùdidas is òperas de s'iscritore [[Greg Egan]]. In manera ocasionale andat a cunvegnos de fantascièntzia (at iscritu sa Cantzone de su Programma Libero mentras arreaiat su turnu suo pro cantare a unu de custos cunvegnos). At iscritu duos contos de [[Fantasientzia|fantascièntzia]], ''Su deretu de lèghere'' (''The Right to Read'')<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.html|tìtulu=The right to read|sambenadu=Stallman|nùmene=Richard|atzessu=2019-08-13|dataarchìviu=2014-04-20|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20140420074747/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> e ''Ingegneria geniètica'' (''Jinnetic Engineering'')<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.stallman.org/articles/jinnetic.it.html|tìtulu=Ingegneria genietica|sambenadu=Stallman|nùmene=Richard|limba=it}}</ref>. De limba-mama inglesa, Stallman faeddat in manera bastante fluente fintzas frantzesu e ispagnolu e est capassu de tènnere is arresonos suos de duas oras in custas limbas. Bantat una padronia incumprida de [[Limba indonesiana|indonesianu]] puru. Tra sos hobby suos ddoe at s'istùdiu de sas [[Danza populare|dantzas populares]] internatzionales, bolare, coghinare, sonare su [[flàutu durche]], sa [[fìsica]], su fandom fantascientìficu e, craramente, sa programmatzione informàtica. === Su lèssicu === Stallman donat importu mannu a is faeddos e is etichetas chi sa gente impreat pro faeddare de su mundu, inclùdidas sas relatziones tra sa programmera e sa libertade. Pedit a sas persones de nàrrere “programmera lìbere”, “GNU/Linux”, e de evitare su tèrmine “propiedade intelletuale” o “piratesa” in chistiones informàticas. Sas rechertas suas chi sas persones impreent tzertos tèrmines, e sos isfortzos continos suos pro aconcare a sa gente de s'importu de sa terminologia, sunt fonte de disintesa regulare e cuntrastu cun alas de sa comunidade pro su programma lìberu e ''open source''. Unu de sos critèrios suos pro cuntzèdere un'intervista a unu giornalista est chi su giornalista atzetet de impreare sa terminologia sua de su cumintzu a sa fine de s'artìculu. Carchi bortas at fintzas rechertu a sos giornalistas de lèghere alas de sa filosofia GNU in antis de un'intervista, pro “motivos de atòliu”. Stallman refudat su tèrmine alternativu “programma open-source” ca non faghet bènnere in mente su chi Stallman cunsìderat comente a balore de su programma: sa libertade. De cunsighèntzia no at a informare sas persones in sas chistiones de sa libertade, e no at a batire sa gente a abbalorare e amparare sa libertade sua. Duas alternativas chi Stallman atzetat sunt "''libre software'' e "''unfettered software''" (programma sena restritziones). Comente si siat, "''free software''" (programmera lìbera) est su tèrmine chi pedit a is persones de impreare in inglesu. Pro resones pretzisas, sustentat su tèrmine "programma propietàriu" masaprestu chi “programma ''closed source''", cando nche si referit a unu programma chi no est lìberu. Stallman pedit chi su tèrmine "GNU/Linux", chi pronùntziat "GNU Slash Linux", bèngiat impreadu pro si referire a su sistema operativu creadu dae sa cumbinatzione de su sistema GNU e su kernel Linux. Stallman si referit a custu sistema operativu comente a “una variante GNU, e su progetu GNU est su printzipale isvilupadore suo”. Reclamat chi sa connessione tra sa filosofia de su progetu GNU e su programma suo benit segada cando sas persones si referint a sa cumbinatzione in manera simple comente a "[[Linux]]". A cumintzare belle dae su 2003, at cumintzadu a impreare fintzas su tèrmine “GNU+Linux” chi pronùntzia "GNU plus Linux". Stallman sustentat chi su tèrmine “Propiedade Intelletuale” est istadu pensadu pro confùndere sas persones, e benit impreadu pro evitare una discussione intelligente in sas dillindadas de copyright, brevetos, e leges in su semu, de pare a pare, tratende sena distintzione àreas de leges chi sunt prus dissimili chi prètzisas. Issu sustentat fintzas chi referinde·si a custas leges comente a leges “de propiedades”, su tèrmine influentzat sa discussione cando si pensat a comente a tratare custas chistiones.{{Tzitatzione|Custas leges ant tentu orìgine a manera separada, si sunt isvilupadas a manera diferente, cugùgiant fainas diferentes, tenent règulas diversas, e pesant chistiones polìticas pùblicas diversas. Sa lege subra su copyright est istada creada pro promòvere sa faina de s'iscritore e s'arte, e tratat a manera cumpleta sas minudas de unu traballu de iscritore o arte. Sa lege subra su brevetu teniat s'intentzione de incoragire sa publicatzione de ideas, a su prètziu de limitados monopòlios in custas ideas, unu prètziu chi diat pòdere bàlere sa pena de pagare in carchi campu e no in àteros. Sa lege subra su marcu non si proponiat de promòvere carchi faina de afares, ma isceti de permìtere a sos comporadores de ischire ite fiant comporende.<ref>{{Tzita web |url=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.it.html |tìtulu=Hai detto "proprietà intellettuale"? È un miraggio seducente |atzessu=2019-08-10 |dataarchìviu=2019-07-22 |urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722191946/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.it.html |urlmortu=eja }}</ref>}}Un'esèmpiu de avertimentu pro evitare àtera terminologia oferende fintzas impòsitos pro possìbiles alternativas, benit de unu messàgiu de Stallman a una mailing list pùblica:{{Tzitatzione|Deo penso chi siat faina bona pro sos autores (pro praghere non ddos narade “creadores”, non sunt deus) pedire dinari pro sas còpias de sos traballos issoro (pro praghere non suta-valutade custos traballos narade·ddos "contenutu") in modu de balangiare (su tèrmine "cumpenso" ìmplicat a manera farsa chi si chistionet de indennizare carchi tipu de disacatos).<ref>{{en}} [http://mail.fsfeurope.org/pipermail/wsis-pct/2006-April/001115.html Email: "IP Justice Comment to IGF on Top Policy Issues for Athens"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108235001/http://mail.fsfeurope.org/pipermail/wsis-pct/2006-April/001115.html |date=8 santandria 2017 }}</ref>}} == Su contributu a s'informàtica == Stallman at iscritu medas sàgios subra sa libertade de sa programmera e de sos primos annos noranta est un'ativista polìticu a favore de su movimentu de sa programmera lìbera. Is arresonos chi at pronuntziadu sunt intitulados “Su progetu GNU e su movimentu de sa programmera lìbera” (''The GNU project and the Free Software movement''), “Is perìgulos de sos brevetos subra is programmas” (''The Dangers of Programmas Patents'') e “Copyright e comunidades in s'era de sas retzes de elaboradores” (''Copyright and Community in the age of computer networks''). De sa metade de sos annos '90 at impreadu meda de su tempus suo sustentende su programma lìberu e promovende campagnas contra sos programmas propietàrios, e su chi a issu pariat un'estensione esagerada de sas leges subra su copyright. Stallman at fintzas isvilupadu medas [[Software|programmas]] famados: [[Emacs]], sa [[GNU Compiler Collection]]<ref name="gcc">{{Tzita web|url=https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Contributors.html|tìtulu=Contributors to GCC|editore=gnu.org|limba=en|atzessu=16 martzu 2013}}</ref> e su [[GNU Debugger]]<ref name="debug">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/stallman-kth.html|tìtulu=RMS lecture at Royal Institute of Technology (Sweden), 30 October 1986|editore=gnu.org|limba=en}}</ref>. In su 2009, sa tècnica introduida dae Stallman e Sussman in sa relata issoro est ancora su mètodu prus generale e balente de “Intelligent backtracking”<ref>{{Tzita libru|autore=Stuart Russell, Peter Norvig|tìtulu=Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach|annu=2009|editore=3|p=229}}</ref>. In custa relatzione est istada fintzas introduida sa tècnica “constraint recording” (ammentu de sos vìnculos) in ue is resurtados partziales de una chirca sunt registrados pro un'impreu nou<ref name=":1" />. Comente a hacker a su laboratòriu de abbistesa artifitziale de su MIT, Stallman at traballadu subra progetos de programmas comente a TECO, Emacs, e su sistema operativu pro Lisp Machine. Est istadu crìticu meda in contu de sa polìtica de limitatzione de s'atzessu a is elaboradores de is laboratòrios de su MIT. Stallman at partetzipadu a protestas contra a is brevetos subra is programmas, [[Digital rights management|DRM]], e programmera propietària. Protestende contra su programma propietàriu in s'abrile 2006, Stallman teniat unu cartellu cun iscritu “Non comporeis dae [[ATI Technologies|ATI]], inimiga de sa libertade bostra” durante un'arresonu de unu rapresentante de s'ATI in s'edifìtziu in ue Stallman traballat, cun su resurtadu chi est istada tzarrada sa politzia. ATI dae tando s'est fùndida cun AMD e at fatu passos piticos pro lassare sa documentatzione pro s'hardware issoro disponìbile a s'impreu de sa comunidade de su programma lìberu. Stallman at fintzas agiudadu e suportadu su tentativu de torrare a abèrrere su progetu de una biblioteca in lìnia de partiduras musicales internatzionales (''International Music Score Library Project''), a pustis chi fiat istada bogada su 19 santugaine 2007, a pustis de una lìtera de difida de s'Universal Edition. == Prèmios e reconnoschimentos == Stallman at retzidu medas reconnoschimentos pro su traballu suo: * [[1986]] – Assòtziu onoràriu a vida a sa Computer Society de s'Universidade de tecnologia Chalmers<ref name="CUT">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.ait.gu.se/aktuellt/kalendarium/Aktuellt_detalj/?eventId=1775246748|tìtulu=Event details: Talk by Richard rms Stallman|editore=Chalmers University of Technology|limba=en|atzessu=8 abrile 2012|dataarchìviu=2018-11-06|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106195703/https://ait.gu.se/aktuellt/kalendarium/Aktuellt_detalj/?eventId=1775246748|deadurl=yes}}</ref> * [[1990]] – MacArthur Fellowship ("genius grant")<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.macfound.org/grantees/8628/|tìtulu=Stallman, Richard|situ=MacArthur Fellowship|limba=en}}</ref> * [[1990]] – Prèmiu Grace Murray Hopper de sa Association for Computing Machinery "Pro su traballu visionàriu in s'isvilupu de s'editor de testu estensibile Emacs"<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=9380313&srt=alpha&alpha=S&aw=145&ao=GMHOPPER|tìtulu=Grace Murry Hopper award citation|limba=en|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402212815/http://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=9380313&srt=alpha&alpha=S&aw=145&ao=GMHOPPER|dataarchìviu=2 abrile 2012|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * [[1996]] – làurea ''honoris causa'' de su Istitutu Règiu de Tecnologia de s'[[Isvetzia|Isvètzia]]<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.kth.se/om/fakta/fame/hedersdoktorer/hedersdoktorer-vid-kth-1.3974|tìtulu=Hedersdoktorer vid KTH|limba=sv|atzessu=2019-08-11|dataarchìviu=2019-08-11|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811134921/https://www.kth.se/om/fakta/fame/hedersdoktorer/hedersdoktorer-vid-kth-1.3974|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * [[1998]] – Prèmiu "Pioneer award" de sa Electronic Frontier Foundation<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.eff.org/pioneer/past-winners|tìtulu=Pioneer Awards: Past Winners|situ=Electronic Frontier Foundation|limba=en}}</ref> * [[1999]] – Prèmiu Yuri Rubinsky<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.ahref.com/guides/industry/199907/0727piou2.html|tìtulu=Richard Stallman Wins Microsoft's Money|limba=en|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20000816100041/http://www.ahref.com/guides/industry/199907/0727piou2.html|dataarchìviu=16 austu 2000|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * [[2001]] – Prèmiu "Takeda Techno-Entrepreneurship Award for Social/Economic Well-Being" de sa Fondatzione Takeda ({{Lim|ja|武田研究奨励賞}})<ref>{{En}} [http://www.takeda-foundation.jp/en/aboutus/topics/p20010911.html The Takeda Foundation announces winners of the Takeda Award 2001 to honor achievements in engineering] The Takeda Foundation</ref> * [[2001]] – làurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Universidade de Glasgow<ref>{{En}} [http://www.gla.ac.uk/news/archive/2001/february/headline_29920_en.html University announces honorary degrees to celebrate 550th anniversary] University of Glasgow</ref> * [[2002]] – Assòtziu a sa United States National Academy of Engineering<ref>{{En}} [https://www.nae.edu/MembersSection/Directory20412/30606.aspx Members Directory - Dr. Richard M. Stallman] National Academy of Engineering</ref> * [[2003]] – làurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Vrije Universiteit Brussel<ref>{{En}} [http://www.vub.ac.be/english/home/DHC/overview.html Honorary Doctorates] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402140640/http://www.vub.ac.be/english/home/DHC/overview.html |date=2015-04-02 }} Vrije Universiteit Brussel</ref> * [[2004]] – làurea ''honoris causa'' de s'Universidade Natzionale de Salta.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://bo.unsa.edu.ar/cs/R2004/R-CS-2004-0204.html|tìtulu=RESOLUCIÓN CS N° 204/04|editore=Bo.unsa.edu.ar|data=25 làmpadas 2004|limba=es|atzessu=12 martzu 2010}}</ref> * [[2004]] – Professore onoràriu de s'Universidade Natzionale de Ingegneria de su [[Perù]].<ref name="UNI">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.uni.edu.pe/sitio/novedades/2008/np_081114_stallman.htm|tìtulu=Richard Matthew Stallman ofrecerá conferencia orientada al uso del software libre|situ=Nota de Prensa|editore=Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería del Perú|limba=es|atzessu=8 abrile 2012|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707171139/http://www.uni.edu.pe/sitio/novedades/2008/np_081114_stallman.htm|dataarchìviu=7 trìulas 2012|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * [[2007]] – Professore onoràriu de sa [http://www.uigv.edu.pe/ Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega].<ref name="UIGV">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.uigv.edu.pe/relaciones-publicas/3108_conferenciastallman.php|tìtulu=Universidad Garcilaso realizó Conferencia Magistral a cargo del Dr. Richard Stallman|situ=Noticias Garcilasinas|editore=Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega|limba=es|atzessu=8 abrile 2012|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623143602/http://www.uigv.edu.pe/relaciones-publicas/3108_conferenciastallman.php|dataarchìviu=23 làmpadas 2012|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * [[2007]] – Primu Prèmiu Internacional Extremadura al Conocimiento Libre<ref>{{Es}} [[20 Minutos]], [http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/197555/0/richard/stallman/linux/ ''El padre del software libre, Premio Internacional Extremadura''], 1º febbraio 2007.</ref> * [[2007]] – làurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Universidad de Los Angeles de Chimbote * [[2007]] – làurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Università di Pavia<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.unipv.eu/on-line/Home/Ateneo/Organidigoverno/Rettore/articolo1229.html|tìtulu=Laurea in Ingegneria Informatica a Richard Stallman.|autore=Università di Pavia|limba=it|atzessu=2019-08-10|dataarchìviu=2011-10-04|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004234138/http://www.unipv.eu/on-line/Home/Ateneo/Organidigoverno/Rettore/articolo1229.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> * [[2008]] – làurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Università Nazionale di Trujillo, [[Perù]] * [[2009]] – làurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Lakehead University<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRVzZogu3qU|tìtulu=YouTube&nbsp;— RMS Given Honorary Degree at Lakehead}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://agora.lakeheadu.ca/agora.php?st=327|tìtulu=Agora Online&nbsp;— Honorary Degree Recipients|limba=en|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821115904/http://agora.lakeheadu.ca/agora.php?st=327|dataarchìviu=21 austu 2013|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * [[2011]] – làurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Universidad Nacional de Córdoba<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.unc.edu.ar/seccion/novedades/2011/agosto/honoris-causa-para-richard-stallman-el-guru-del-software-libre|tìtulu=''Honoris Causa para Richard Stallman, el gurú del software libre''|autore=National University of Córdoba|data=16 austu 2011|limba=es|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024041223/http://www.unc.edu.ar/seccion/novedades/2011/agosto/honoris-causa-para-richard-stallman-el-guru-del-software-libre|dataarchìviu=24 santugaine 2011|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * [[2012]] – professore onoràriu de sa Universidad César Vallejo de Trujillo, Perù<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://cebexpo.net/richard-stallman/|tìtulu=Richard Stallman|situ=CEBE: Central European Bitcoin Expo|data=2014-03-30|limba=en-US|atzessu=2022-03-23}}</ref> * [[2012]] – laurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Universidad Latinoamericana Cima de Tacna, Perù<ref name="own-bio" /> * [[2012]] – laurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Universidad José Faustino Sánchez Carrió, Perù<ref name="own-bio" /> * [[2014]] – laurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Concordia University de [[Montreal|Montréal]]<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.concordia.ca/content/shared/en/news/main/stories/2014/10/01/concordia-awardshonorarydoctoratestoaquebecbusinessleaderaninter.html|tìtulu=Concordia awards 3 new honorary doctorates|situ=www.concordia.ca|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-23}}</ref> * [[2015]] – ACM Software System Award "Pro s'isvilupu e su cumandu de GCC"<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://awards.acm.org/award_winners/stallman_9380313.cfm|tìtulu=Richard Stallman|situ=awards.acm.org|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-23}}</ref> * [[2016]] – laurea ''honoris causa'' de sa Université Pierre et Marie Curie<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.upmc.fr/en/university/history_and_famous_people/doctors_honoris_causa/the_dhc_ceremony_at_the_sorbonne/the_2016_dhc.html|tìtulu="Cérémonie des docteurs honoris causa 2016"|limba=fr}}</ref> * [[2016]] – Social Medicine award, de GNU Solidario<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.gnuhealthcon.org/2016-las_palmas/awards.html|tìtulu=GNU Health CON 2016 - I International GNU Health Conference|situ=web.archive.org|data=2018-12-08|limba=en|atzessu=2022-03-23|dataarchìviu=2018-12-08|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208001924/http://www.gnuhealthcon.org/2016-las_palmas/awards.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * [[2017]] – dotoradu ''honoris causa'' de sa Universidad Nacional, [[Argentina]]<ref name="own-bio" /> * [[2018]] – dotoradu ''honoris'' ''causa de sa'' Universidad de Tucumán, Argentina<ref name="own-bio" /> * [[2018]] – professore onoràriu de sa Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, in Mendoza, Argentina<ref name="own-bio" /> In su [[2007]] est istadu iscurtadu, in paris cun su prof. [[Arturo De Corinto]] e [[Bruce Perens]]<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.dicorinto.it/wp-content/uploads/2007/06/rassegna-stampa-rep-sw.pdf|tìtulu=Rassegna stampa|limba=it|atzessu=28 làmpadas 2007|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810224851/http://www.dicorinto.it/wp-content/uploads/2007/06/rassegna-stampa-rep-sw.pdf|dataarchìviu=10 austu 2011|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> in un'auditzione ufitziale de sa cummissione cultura de sa Càmera de sos deputados italiana. == Òperas == (parziale) === Publicatziones sientìficas === * Stallman, Richard M; Sussman, Gerald J (November 1975). ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20111119141505/http://mit.dspace.org/bitstream/handle/1721.1/5803/AIM-328.pdf Heuristic Techniques in Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis]''. CAS-22 (11). IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems. * Stallman, Richard M; Sussman, Gerald J (1977). ''Forward Reasoning and Dependency-Directed Backtracking In a System for Computer-Aided Circuit analysis''. Artificial Intelligence 9. pp. 135–196. * Richard Stallman, Reevaluating Copyright: The Public Must Prevail, Oregon Law Review 75(1) 1996. * Stallman, Richard M (2009). Viewpoint: Why "open source" misses the point of free programmas. Communications of the ACM 52(6). pp. 31–33. <nowiki>http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1516046.1516058</nowiki>. * Stallman, Richard M (2010). ''Is digital inclusion a good thing? How can we make sure it is?''. 48. Communications Magazine, IEEE. pp. 112–118. <nowiki>https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2010.5402673</nowiki>. === Libros de divulgatzione === * ''Free Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman, 2002'' == Notas == <references /> == Bibliografia == *{{Tzita libru|sambenadu=Williams, Sam.|tìtulu=Codice libero : Richard Stallman e la crociata per il software libero|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/848734286|atzessu=2019-08-13|data=2003|editore=Apogeo|limba=it|OCLC=848734286|ISBN=8850321082}} * {{En}} The Guardian, ''[http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/dec/17/anonymous-wikileaks-protest-amazon-mastercard The Anonymous WikiLeaks protests are a mass demo against control]'' ''- The actions against MasterCard and Amazon are not 'hacking'.'' ''People are just finding a way to protest in a digital space'', 17 nadale 2010. {{Controllu de autoridade}} {{Artìculu de su mese|martzu|2021}} [[Categoria:BioBot]] [[Categoria:Informàtica]] gkdhuv39te31djpng8fn43oezf65irg 0 19520 190023 189821 2026-05-16T01:58:41Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Variant|LSC}} In [[informàtica]], unu '''pilota de dispositivu''' (connotu fintzas comente a '''device driver''', o '''driver''' isceti) est una protzedura de programma chi manìgiat is [[Perifèrica|dispositivos]] de un'[[elaboradore]]. Est de sòlitu cunsideradu parte de su [[sistema operativu]] e tenet sa masione de incumentzare is operatziones de [[intrada/essida]] e de nde giùghere s'acabu<ref>{{Tzita libru|sambenadu=Stallings, William|tìtulu=Operating systems: internals and design principles|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/818853058|atzessu=2020-04-01|editzione=6th ed|data=2009|editore=Pearson|limba=EN|p=556|OCLC=818853058|ISBN=978-81-317-2528-3}}</ref>. == Descritzione == Dae su puntu de annotu de s'impitadore de un'elaboradore, su pilota de dispositivu est unu programma frunidu cun unu cale si siat dispositivu collegadu e chi bolet installadu pro ddu fàghere funtzionare. De onni manera, medas sistemas operativos modernos oe sunt bonos a iscarrigare a solos sa parte manna de is pilotas netzessàrios e medas aparatos, comente a telefoneddos e tauleddas, ddos tenent integrados in sa memòria ROM, duncas s'interventu manuale no est netzessàriu in custos casos. Pro un'isvilupadore de sistemas operativos, est una parte delicada e de importu mannu de su progetu, ca unu pilota chi funtzionat male podet blocare su dispositivu chi manìgiat o fintzas su sistema intreu. Su pilota de dispositivu est unu programma dislindadu pro cada dispositivu o, in pagos casos comente pro is [[Sòrighe (informàtica)|sòrighes]], pro unu tipu de dispositivu. Sa masione sua est a iscrìere e lèghere in e dae is registros de su dispositivu pro ddi imbiare cumandos o pro lèghere datos in intrada o imbiare datos in essida. Gràtzias a is pilotas, su sistema operativu podet frunire a is programmas de s'usuàriu un'interfàtzia indipendente dae is dispositivos, a manera de pòdere impreare perifèricas de sa pròpiu classe de mollos e produtores diferentes (a esempru, un'ischeda video ATI e una nVidia) cun su pròpiu còdighe.<ref name=":0">{{Tzita libru|autore=Tanenbaum, Andrew S.|tìtulu=Modern operating systems.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/870646449|atzessu=2020-04-01|editzione=Fourth edition|limba=EN|pp=356-369|OCLC=870646449|ISBN=978-0-13-359162-0}}</ref> Is pilotas de dispositivu podent èssere impreados fintzas pro pònnere in òpera àteros servitzios de su sistema, comente a protocollos de retze o sistemas de archìviu, chi recherent su suportu de su sistema operativu. Custu acuntessit in Windows<ref>{{Tzita libru|autore=Stallings, William|tìtulu=Operating systems : internals and design principles|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/818853058|atzessu=2020-04-01|editzione=6th ed|data=2009|editore=Pearson|limba=EN|p=84|OCLC=818853058|ISBN=978-81-317-2528-3}}</ref> e in carchi sistema tipu-UNIX. In is sistemas operativos traditzionales, comente a [[UNIX]], su pilota de dispositivu est parte de su [[Sistema operativu|nùcleu]], mancari chi, comente acontesset in [[Linux (nùcleu)|Linux]]<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://embetronicx.com/tutorials/linux/device-drivers/linux-device-driver-part-1-introduction/|tìtulu=Linux Device Driver Part 1 - Introduction|situ=EmbeTronicX|data=2017-08-09|limba=en-US|atzessu=2020-04-01|dataarchìviu=2020-08-15|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815071339/https://embetronicx.com/tutorials/linux/device-drivers/linux-device-driver-part-1-introduction/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> e [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]], potzant èssere carrigados a manera dinàmica pro non si dèpere generare unu nùcleu nou onni borta chi unu dispositivu nou depet èssere manigiadu dae su sistema operativu<ref name=":0" />. Sistemas cun unu disinnu prus modernu, comente [[HURD|GNU/Hurd]] e [[MINIX]] chi impreant unu [[micro-nùcleu]] e is versiones prus reghentes de Windows, ant iscostiadu is pilotas de dispositivu dae su nùcleu a s'ispàtziu impitadore pro una seguresa majore e pro lassare su nùcleu prus lèbiu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.cs.cornell.edu/Info/People/ulfar/ukernel/ukernel.html|tìtulu=Interface Design: Microkernels|situ=www.cs.cornell.edu|limba=EN|atzessu=2020-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/open_issues/user-space_device_drivers.html|tìtulu=user-space device drivers|situ=GNU Hurd|limba=EN|atzessu=2020-04-01|dataarchìviu=2020-02-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222171649/http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/open_issues/user-space_device_drivers.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita libru|autore=Tanenbaum, Andrew S.|autore2=Woodhull, Albert S.|tìtulu=Operating systems : design and implementation|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/61859929|atzessu=2020-04-01|editzione=3rd ed|data=2006|editore=Pearson/Prentice Hall|limba=EN|p=231|OCLC=61859929|ISBN=0-13-142938-8}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver/en/library/eb1936c0-e19c-4a17-a1a8-39292e4929a41033.mspx?mfr=true|tìtulu=User-mode vs. Kernel-mode Drivers|situ=Microsoft (archiviadu)|data=2008-03-09|limba=EN|atzessu=2020-04-01|dataarchìviu=2008-03-09|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20080309012600/http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver/en/library/eb1936c0-e19c-4a17-a1a8-39292e4929a41033.mspx?mfr=true|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> == Esempru de funtzionamentu == Immaginemus chi unu programma bògiat lèghere un'archìviu dae su [[discu fissu]] de s'elaboradore. Custu est su chi acontesset in un'elaboradore tìpicu<ref name=":0" />: # Su programma tzèrriat una funtzione de libreria, comente sa ''fscanf''. # Sa funtzione faghet una [[mutida de sistema]], pro pedire a su sistema operativu de acumprire s'operatzione. # Su còdighe indipendente dae su dispositivu de su sistema operativu tzèrriat su pilota de dispositivu. # '''Su pilota pedit is datos''' rechertos imbiende is cumandos a s'eletrònica de su discu. # Su protzessu chi abisòngiat de is datos est blocadu mentras su discu ddus chircat. # Cando su discu at finidu, imbiat unu signale de [[Interrutzione (informàtica)|interrutzione]] a su [[micro-protzessore]]. # Su controllu colat a una funtzione de manìgiu de s'interrutzione. Custa iscoberit cale pilota at aviadu s'operatzione de intrada/essida e ddi donat su controllu. # '''Su pilota de dispositivu leghet is datos''' dae is registros de s'eletrònica de su discu e ddos passat a su programma chi ddos at pedidos. # Su controllu colat a su programma, chi immoi podet sighire s'esecutzione. == Notas == <references />{{Controllu de autoridade}} [[Categoria:Informàtica]] 9vki62t6srk2ypz6ae0rrssrgweva23 0 20519 190034 187948 2026-05-16T03:08:45Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CAM}}[[File:Wap-wikipedia-en.png|thumb|Schermada de su giassu WAP de Wikipedia]]'''''Wireless Application Protocol''''' ('''WAP,''' ''protocollu de aplicatzioni chena filus'') est unu standard tènnicu po s'acessu a informatzionis apitzus de arretzas chena filus mòbilis. Po navigai in su [[World Wide Web|web]] impreendi custu standard serbit unu '''navigadori WAP'''<ref>{{Tzita libru|autore=Sharma|nùmene=Chetan|autore2=Nakamura|nùmene2=Yasuhisa|tìtulu=Wireless Data Services: Technologies, Business Models and Global Markets|url=https://archive.org/details/wirelessdataserv0000shar_s7b4|data=2003-11-20|editore=Cambridge University Press|limba=en|p=[https://archive.org/details/wirelessdataserv0000shar_s7b4/page/194 194]|ISBN=978-0-521-82843-7}}</ref>, chi podit essi postu a disponimentu de is produtoris de dispositivus mòbilis. Su primu dispositivu cun unu programa de custu tipu est stètiu su telefoneddu Nokia 7110, de su 1999<ref name=":0">{{Tzita web|url=http://press.nokia.com/PR/199902/777256_5.html|tìtulu=Nokia unveils the world's first media phone for Internet access|data=23 freàrgiu 1999|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2001-08-27|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20010827093408/http://press.nokia.com/PR/199902/777256_5.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. S'utilidadi de WAP s'est minimada cun s'introdutzionis de arretzas prus lestas, schermus prus mannus a coloris e s'impreu de navigadoris Web chi impreant su pròpiu standard de is elaboradoris<ref>{{Tzita libru|sambenadu=Tanenbaum, Andrew S.|tradutore=Sabrina Gaito e Dario Maggiorini|tìtulu=Reti di calcolatori|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/860630289|atzessu=2021-01-16|editzione=5. ed|data=2011|editore=Pearson|limba=it|pp=661-662|OCLC=860630289|ISBN=978-88-7192-640-7}}</ref>. In generali, is costus artus de impreu po is impitadoris, sa pagu comodidadi de navigai in Internet cun schermus piticus e monocromàticus e sa dificultadi de posta in òpera po frunidoris de servìtziu e cuntènnius, nd'ant fatu unu standard pagu arrennèsciu.<ref name=":3">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.punto-informatico.it/contrappuntiitil-wap-morto/|tìtulu=Il WAP è morto|autore=F2innovation|situ=Contrappunti.it - Punto Informatico|data=2000-07-23|limba=it|atzessu=2021-01-17}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5218.html#appendix-A.5|tìtulu=What Makes for a Successful Protocol?|autore=D. Thaler, B. Aboba|situ=www.rfc-editor.org|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.apogeonline.com/articoli/gprs-grande-flop-in-europa-raffaella-scalisi/|tìtulu=GPRS: grande flop in Europa|autore=Raffaella Scalisi|situ=Apogeo Editore|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2021-01-17}}</ref> == Piessìnnius tènnicus == === Pila WAP === Su standard WAP descriit una pila de protocollus<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.rivier.edu/faculty/vriabov/cs553a_Project_SKrishnaswamy.pdf|tìtulu=Wireless Communication Methodologies & Wireless Application Protocol|sambenadu=Krishnaswamy|nùmene=Sankara|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2020-11-01|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101042947/https://www2.rivier.edu/faculty/vriabov/cs553a_Project_SKrishnaswamy.pdf|deadurl=yes}}</ref> chi permitit su funtzionamentu de dispositivus e programas WAP cun tecnologias de arretza diferentis, comenti GSM e IS-95. {| class="wikitable" |Wireless Application Environment (WAE, Ambienti de aplicatzioni chena filus) | rowspan="6" |pila de protocollus WAP |- |Wireless Session Protocol (WSP, Protocollu de sessioni chena filus) |- |Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP, Protocollu de transatzioni chena filus) |- |Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS, Seguràntzia de livellu de carrìngiu chena filus) |- |Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP, Protocollu datagrama chena filus) |- |*** Calisisiat arretza sena filus *** |} Su protocollu prus a bàsciu in sa pila, Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP), funtzionat comenti livellu de adatamentu chi fait simbillai dònnia arretza a UDP a is livellus apitzus de cussu, frunendi unu carrìngiu no afidàbili a is datus a traessu de duus gennas (orìgini e arribu). Is àterus livellus biint WDP comenti unu protocollu ùnicu cun prus "realisatzionis tènnicas", a pitzus de vàrius "carradoris de datus". Candu custus funtzionant giai a manera nativa cun IP, WDP est UDP.<ref name=":1">{{Tzita libru|autore=Team Digit|tìtulu=Fast Track to Mobile Telephony|url=http://archive.org/details/200601MobileTelephony|atzessu=2021-01-17|limba=en|p=101}}</ref> WTLS, est unu livellu no obligatòriu e frunit seguràntzia cun unu mecanismu de critografia a crae pùblica, chi assimbillat a [[Transport Layer Security|TLS]].<ref name=":1" /> WTP frunit su suportu a is transazionis e duncas rechertas e arrespustas afidàbilis. Sendi progetau po is arretzas mòbilis, est prus eficenti de TCP in su manìgiu de su problema de sa pèrdida de pachetus chi acuntessit in arretzas 2G.<ref name=":1" /> Su livellu de aplicatzioni (WAE) definit unus cantu linguàgius de markup po is programas.<ref name=":6">{{Tzita libru|sambenadu=Team Digit|tìtulu=200601 Mobile Telephony|url=http://archive.org/details/200601MobileTelephony|atzessu=2021-01-17|limba=en|p=102}}</ref> Po WAP versioni 1.X, su linguàgiu principali est Wireless Markup Language (WML), fundada apitzus de XML<ref>{{Tzita web|url=www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml20.dtd|tìtulu=Wireless Markup Language (WML) 2.0 Document Type Definition|situ=Wap Forum|limba=en}}</ref>. In WAP 2.0 est XHTML Mobile Profile, versioni redùsia de XHTML.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.developershome.com/wap/xhtmlmp/|tìtulu=XHTML MP Tutorial - Learn the WAP 2.0 Markup Language with the Help of Examples|situ=www.developershome.com|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17}}</ref> === WAP Push === [[File:WAP_Push_Process.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Processu de WAP Push]] WAP Push est stètiu agiuntu a is propiedadis po permiti de imbiai is cuntènnius WAP a is dispositivus mòbilis cun unu traballu mìnimu de s'impitadori. Unu WAP Push est sceti unu messàgiu cun una codìfica speciali chi incluit un'indiritzu WAP.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.openmarket.com/mms-messaging-service-how-to-showcase-your-multimedia-mojo/|tìtulu=MMS messaging: find out why and when you need it|situ=OpenMarket|limba=en-US|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2021-01-21|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121172113/https://www.openmarket.com/mms-messaging-service-how-to-showcase-your-multimedia-mojo/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Unu Push podit essi imbiau a traessu de vàrius servìtzius, comentu SMS e GPRS. <ref name=":2">{{Tzita publicatzione|tìtulu=Wap Push Technology Overview|limba=en|url=https://fasterthemes.com/Wikipedia_WAP_Push_Tech_Overview.pdf|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2021-01-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122014548/https://fasterthemes.com/Wikipedia_WAP_Push_Tech_Overview.pdf|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Unu terminali chi suportat WAP 1.2 (o prus recenti) at a donai su sceberu a s'impitadori de intrai in su cuntènniu WAP: est su WAP Push SI (Service Indication).<ref name=":2" /> Una varianti de custu, WAP Push SL (Service Loading), aberit su navigadori WAP po dd'amostai<ref>{{Tzita publicatzione|autore=Wireless Application Protocol Forum|data=8 santandria 1999|tìtulu=WAP Service Loading|limba=en|url=https://www.ixbt.com/mobile/trans/doc/wap/SPEC-ServiceLoad-19991108.pdf}}</ref>. === WAP 2.0 === Wap 2.0 est stètiu publicau in su 2002 po amellorai s'esperièntzia de impreu de is impitadoris. Impreat XHTML e WCSS in logu de WML, amellorat WAP Push e introdusit su profilu de agenti po permiti de identificai is piessìnnius de su navigadori e interfacis po cumponentis agiuntivus.<ref name=":7">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.javatpoint.com/wap|tìtulu=WAP {{!}} What is WAP {{!}} Wireless Application Protocol - javatpoint|situ=www.javatpoint.com|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2021-01-23|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123211147/https://www.javatpoint.com/wap|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.developershome.com/wap/wcss/wcss_tutorial.asp?page=introduction|tìtulu=WCSS Tutorial: What is WAP CSS/Wireless CSS - To Set Layout and Style for WAP 2.0 Mobile Internet Applications|situ=www.developershome.com|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17}}</ref> == Stòria == Su WAP Forum est stètiu fundau in su 1998 de Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia e Unwired Planet.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.nokia.com/en_int/news/releases/1998/01/08/ericsson-motorola-nokia-and-unwired-planet-establish-wireless-application-protocol-forum-ltd|tìtulu=Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia and Unwired Planet establish Wireless Application Protocol Forum Ltd. {{!}} Nokia|situ=web.archive.org|data=2017-11-16|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2017-11-16|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116034542/http://www.nokia.com/en_int/news/releases/1998/01/08/ericsson-motorola-nokia-and-unwired-planet-establish-wireless-application-protocol-forum-ltd|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Sa punna sua fiat de ponni totu is tecnologias de arretza chena filus impari in unu protocollu standardisau.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://inspiredbloggers.blogspot.com/2004/12/brief-history-of-wap_110252445307049372.html|tìtulu=A brief History of WAP|situ=HCI blog|data=December 8, 2004|limba=en|atzessu=5 austu 2011|dataarchìviu=May 17, 2018|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517010024/http://inspiredbloggers.blogspot.com/2004/12/brief-history-of-wap_110252445307049372.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> In su 2002, su WAP Forum est intrau in sa Open Mobile Alliance (OMA).<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.openmobilealliance.org/AboutOMA/FAQ.aspx|tìtulu=About OMA SpecWorks - OMA SpecWorks|situ=www.openmobilealliance.org|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2012-12-14|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214145733/http://openmobilealliance.org/AboutOMA/FAQ.aspx|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> === Europa === Sa prima cumpangia a publicai unu giassu WAP est stètia s'operadori de telefonia mòbili tedescu Telfort BV in ladàmini 1999. Su situ est stètiu svilupau comenti progetu secundàriu de Christopher Bee e Euan McLeod e publicau cun sa presentada de su telefoneddu Nokia 7110<ref name=":0" />. Sa publicidadi iat esagerau in sa promovidura de WAP, faendi pensai chi is is prestatzionis fessint su pròpiu de is connessionis fissas e custu at lassau impitadoris medas delùdius. BT Cellnet, cumpangia britànnica, at dèpiu bogai una campànnia po acrarai su malintèndiu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://networks.silicon.com/mobile/0,39024665,11020593,00.htm|tìtulu=BT Cellnet rapped over 'misleading' WAP ads - Networks - Breaking Business and Technology News at silicon.com|situ=web.archive.org|data=2009-01-13|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2009-01-13|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113175612/http://networks.silicon.com/mobile/0,39024665,11020593,00.htm|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Pagu cunsiderau de is impitadoris po is prètzius e is limitatzionis tènnicas<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":5" />, intra su 2003 e su 2004, s'amelloramentu de is prestatzionis e sa presentada de servìtzius de interessu po is impitadoris, at fatu dopiai s'impreu de WAP in su [[Rennu Unidu|Rènnu uniu]]<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.builderau.com.au/news/soa/UK-WAP-usage-doubles-in-12-months/0,339028227,339130400,00.htm|tìtulu=UK WAP usage doubles in 12 months - News - Builder AU|situ=web.archive.org|data=2009-08-02|limba=en|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2009-08-02|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20090802212333/http://www.builderau.com.au/news/soa/UK-WAP-usage-doubles-in-12-months/0,339028227,339130400,00.htm|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. In [[Itàlia]] sa prima cumpangia a oferri custu servìtziu est stètia Omnitel, in su 2000<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.telefonino.net/notizie/parte-il-servizio-wap-di-omnitel-2000/|tìtulu=Parte il servizio WAP di Omnitel 2000|situ=telefonino.net|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2021-01-17}}</ref>. TIM at acabau de ddu fruniri in su 2016, giai chi is telefoneddus modernus impreant sa pròpiu tecnologia de is elaboradoris po s'acessu a Internet.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.pcprofessionale.it/news/tim-wap/|tìtulu=TIM, stop alla navigazione WAP|autore=Michele Braga|situ=PC Professionale|data=2016-05-30|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2021-01-17|dataarchìviu=2021-01-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122054423/https://www.pcprofessionale.it/news/tim-wap/|deadurl=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.mondomobileweb.it/156006-tim-addio-wap-configurazione-proxy-server/|tìtulu=TIM modifica la rete WAP: dal 6 Novembre 2019 addio alla configurazione Proxy Server|situ=MondoMobileWeb.it - Telefonia, Offerte e Notizie|data=2019-08-09|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2021-01-17}}</ref> === USA === Me is [[Istados Unidos de Amèrica|Stadus Unius]] sa spraxidura de WAP at atobiau unus cantu impèigus. A primu, ddoi fiant costus in prus po ativai su suportu a is datus in mollus meda de telefoneddu. In prus, is cumpangias de [[Telecomunicatzione|telecomunicatzioni]] pediant de limitai s'acessu a is datus sceti a frunidoris aprovaus. In su 2007 sa FCC at permìtiu a totu is svilupadoris, produtoris de dispositivus e àterus operadoris de impreai calisisiat aplicatzioni o dispositivu cun una banda de datus speciali.<ref name=":7" /> == Riferimentus == <references /> [[Categoria:Informàtica]] [[Categoria:Telefonia]] 1mrvtgf7ur0xhjs73z730463bpm5vxt 1 20735 190006 173549 2026-05-15T23:27:40Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190006 wikitext text/x-wiki Salude a totus, mi seo ocupende in custas dies de rivolutziones vàrias, e faghende una pariga de chircas seu acùdidu a custu artìculu: [[2014 Golpe in Ukraina]]. No est iscritu male e ponet fintzas unu riferimentu, però non seo siguru chi sigat unu puntu de bista de neutralidade. Chi carchiunu agatat unu pagu de tempus pro si firmare a ddu lègere, pro praghere naret su chi nde pentzat. Premissu ca sunt totus informatziones interessantes sas chi dat, a parre miu est pagu obietivu formalmente, susetotus cando chistionat de unu ''golpe'' (torradu a marcare fintzas in su tìtulu). --[[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|talk]]) 17:28, 3 Maj 2021 (CEST) :Salude Mattafalluga! So de acordu cun tie, penso chi bi siant unas cantas cosas chi si diant pòdere megiorare, mescamente pro su chi pertocat a su limbàgiu impreadu. In prus diat èssere mègius a annànghere àteras fontes, fintzas pro sas afirmatziones chi giai bi sunt. Pro su tìtulu podimus chircare de agatare carchi cosa de neutrale, si est possìbile. Bidimus si calicun'àteru cheret esprimere su parre suo.--[[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|talk]]) 01:50, 6 Maj 2021 (CEST) ::Est passadu giai unu mese. Chi nemos tenet nudda in contras m'incarrigo deo de cambiare una pariga de cosas, chirchende de non dare furriaduras mannas meda a s'artìculu (deo etotu non so gasi informadu subra is problemas de s'Ucraina). Pro cumentzare dia cambiare su tìtulu. Apo pensadu a "crisi in Ucraina" o "crisi in Ucraina de su 2014". Gràtzias a L2212 pro ti nd'èssere incuradu. Gràtzias a chie at a torrare a respondere. Saludos --[[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|talk]]) 11:14, 4 Làm 2021 (CEST) :::Salude torra a totus, apo fatu is càmbios a s'artìculu e mudadu su tìtulu. No est istadu traballu discansosu, sa beridade. Medas de is mitzas chi apo agatadu fiant afiladas a unu cantone o a s'àteru, ma apo chircadu de documentare petzi is fatos e de non dare furriaduras tropu mannas a su chi giai fiat iscritu (chi però fiat bellu che pagu ogetivu). Chi nd'ischides de prus, chi non s'agradat, faghide·bos intèndere--[[Usuàriu:Mattafalluga|Mattafalluga]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:Mattafalluga|talk]]) 10:27, 11 Cab 2021 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Crisi in Ucràina de su 2014]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190005 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20140316224454/https://money.cnn.com/2014/03/12/news/economy/ukraine-europe-soros/ annantu a https://money.cnn.com/2014/03/12/news/economy/ukraine-europe-soros/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 01:27, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) lqyfx0gp9zqu4mcksy2rrjqj2d8qg8z 1 21069 190026 189980 2026-05-16T02:12:58Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190026 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Austu 2021) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 2 ligàmenes esternos in [[Richard Stallman]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=172663 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20181106195703/https://ait.gu.se/aktuellt/kalendarium/Aktuellt_detalj/?eventId=1775246748 annantu a http://www.ait.gu.se/aktuellt/kalendarium/Aktuellt_detalj/?eventId=1775246748 *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20111004234138/http://www.unipv.eu/on-line/Home/Ateneo/Organidigoverno/Rettore/articolo1229.html annantu a http://www.unipv.eu/on-line/Home/Ateneo/Organidigoverno/Rettore/articolo1229.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu[[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|talk]]) 23:56, 9 Aus 2021 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Nadale 2022) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Richard Stallman]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=179477 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20150402140640/http://www.vub.ac.be/english/home/DHC/overview.html annantu a http://www.vub.ac.be/english/home/DHC/overview.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 03:08, 27 Nad 2022 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Ghennàrgiu 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Richard Stallman]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=179645 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20190811134921/https://www.kth.se/om/fakta/fame/hedersdoktorer/hedersdoktorer-vid-kth-1.3974 annantu a https://www.kth.se/om/fakta/fame/hedersdoktorer/hedersdoktorer-vid-kth-1.3974 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:37, 20 Ghe 2023 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Austu 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Richard Stallman]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=181118 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20130613211939/http://www.theopencd.it/live/extras/books/CodiceLibero/index.html annantu a http://www.theopencd.it/live/extras/books/CodiceLibero/index.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 05:26, 17 Aus 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Martzu 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Richard Stallman]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=183290 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20180929180018/http://www.cybersociology.com/files/6_geertlovink_richardstallman.html annantu a http://www.cybersociology.com/files/6_geertlovink_richardstallman.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 05:08, 6 Mar 2024 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Richard Stallman]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=184043 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143537/http://www.free-soft.org/gpl_history/emacs_gpl.html annantu a http://www.free-soft.org/gpl_history/emacs_gpl.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 03:48, 29 Maj 2024 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Richard Stallman]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=189979 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20090305002259/http://www.gnu.org/gnu/initial-announcement.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/gnu/initial-announcement.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:55, 13 Maj 2026 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 3 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Richard Stallman]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190025 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20181025040155/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20140420074747/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20190722191946/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.it.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.it.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 04:12, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) gab1ffi5ywfgh22h994wqt84fjhs983 1 21134 190035 187949 2026-05-16T03:08:46Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190035 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Austu 2021) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 2 ligàmenes esternos in [[Wireless Application Protocol]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=172824 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20201101042947/https://www2.rivier.edu/faculty/vriabov/cs553a_Project_SKrishnaswamy.pdf annantu a https://www.rivier.edu/faculty/vriabov/cs553a_Project_SKrishnaswamy.pdf *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210122054423/https://www.pcprofessionale.it/news/tim-wap/ annantu a https://www.pcprofessionale.it/news/tim-wap/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu[[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|talk]]) 00:45, 10 Aus 2021 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Freàrgiu 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Wireless Application Protocol]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=183109 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20180517010024/http://inspiredbloggers.blogspot.com/2004/12/brief-history-of-wap_110252445307049372.html annantu a http://inspiredbloggers.blogspot.com/2004/12/brief-history-of-wap_110252445307049372.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 05:32, 14 Fre 2024 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Santandria 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Wireless Application Protocol]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=185105 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20121214145733/http://openmobilealliance.org/AboutOMA/FAQ.aspx annantu a http://www.openmobilealliance.org/AboutOMA/FAQ.aspx . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 04:28, 16 Std 2024 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Abrile 2025) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Wireless Application Protocol]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=185986 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210123211147/https://www.javatpoint.com/wap annantu a https://www.javatpoint.com/wap . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 06:24, 3 Abr 2025 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Ghennàrgiu 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Wireless Application Protocol]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=187948 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210121172113/https://www.openmarket.com/mms-messaging-service-how-to-showcase-your-multimedia-mojo/ annantu a https://www.openmarket.com/mms-messaging-service-how-to-showcase-your-multimedia-mojo/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 09:23, 7 Ghe 2026 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Wireless Application Protocol]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190034 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210122014548/https://fasterthemes.com/Wikipedia_WAP_Push_Tech_Overview.pdf annantu a https://fasterthemes.com/Wikipedia_WAP_Push_Tech_Overview.pdf . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 05:08, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) o0obxhmifgokgt7nzj2nccnkeubofxe 0 21378 190032 174416 2026-05-16T02:55:16Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CAM}}[[File:Trojan_Room_coffee_pot_xcoffee.png|thumb|Sa [[cafetera]], amostada in su programa XCoffee]] '''Trojan Room Coffee Pot''' fiat su nòmini de unas cantu màchinas de fai [[Cafè|cafei]] chi s'agatànt me in su Computer Laboratory de s'Universidadi de Cambridge, in [[Inghilterra]], chi fiant controlladas po mèdiu de una telecàmera. Sa màgini de sa Trojan Room Coffee Pot fiat trasmìtia in [[Ìnternet|Internet]] po sa primu borta in su [[1991]] de Quentin Stafford-Fraser e Paul Jardetzky. Su progetu est migrau apustis in su [[World Wide Web|Web]] in su [[1993]], bessendi sa primu [[webcam]] de su mundu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-20439301|tìtulu=How the world's first webcam made a coffee pot famous|autore=Rebecca Kesby|editore=[[BBC]]|data=22 novembre 2012|atzessu=5 agosto 2021}}</ref> Po evitai chi is traballadoris de s'edifìtziu abarressint delùdius po agatai sa màchina de su cafei buida a pustis de essi arribaus in s'aposentu, ant postu una telecàmera chi fruniat una màgini de sa cafetera a totu is [[Computer|elaboradoris]] collegaus a s'arretza de s'ufìtziu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://techland.time.com/2013/04/08/youre-doing-it-right-early-webcam-monitored-a-coffee-pot/|tìtulu=You’re Doing It Right: Early Webcam Monitored a Coffee Pot|autore=Doug Aamoth|editore=[[Time]]|data=8 aprile 2013|atzessu=5 agosto 2021|dataarchìviu=2021-12-01|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201194542/https://techland.time.com/2013/04/08/youre-doing-it-right-early-webcam-monitored-a-coffee-pot/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Candu sa fotocàmera est stètia acapiada a Internet una pariga de annus apustis, sa cafetera est bessida famada a livellu internatzionale comenti parti de su [[World Wide Web]] chi fiat nascendi, finas a candu no dd'ant arretirada in su [[2001]].<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/coffee/qsf/|tìtulu=Trojan Room Coffee Pot resources|autore=Quentin Stafford-Fraser|editore=[[Università di Cambridge]]|atzessu=26 ottobre 2006}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/coffee/coffee.html|tìtulu=The Trojan Room Coffee Machine|autore=Daniel Gordon e Martyn Johnson|editore=[[Università di Cambridge]]|atzessu=26 ottobre 2006}}</ref> == Stòria == [[File:Trojan_Room_coffee_pot_xvcoffee.jpeg|thumb|S'ùrtima foto de sa webcam, chi fait biri una manu chi est acanta de studai su [[Serbidore (informàtica)|serbidori]].]] Sa telecàmera, cun risolutzioni 128×128 px, in scala de murru, fiat acapiada a s'arretza locali de su laboratòriu po mèdiu de una scheda de achirimentu vìdeu montada in un'elaboradori Acorn Archimedes. Su circadori Quentin Stafford-Fraser at scritu su [[Cliente (informàtica)|programa clienti]] XCoffee impreendi su protocollu [[X Window System]], mentris su collega suu Paul Jardetzky at scritu su programa serbidori.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/coffee/qsf/coffee.html|tìtulu=The Trojan Room Coffee Pot|autore=Quentin Stafford-Fraser|editore=[[Università di Cambridge]]|atzessu=3 ottobre 2017}}</ref> In su 1993, is navigadoris web ant tentu sa capatzidadi de amostare is màginis a is impitadoris;<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://1997.webhistory.org/www.lists/www-talk.1993q1/0182.html|tìtulu=Original proposal of HTMl IMG tag|autore=Marc Andreessen|data=25 febbraio 1993|atzessu=5 agosto 2021}}</ref> sa fotocàmera est istada acapiada a Internet e is scientziaus informàticus Daniel Gordon e Martyn Johnson ant postu a a disponimentu sa màgini in tempus reali cun protocollu HTTP in su mesi de donniasantu de su matessi annu. Est bessida duncas visìbili in totu su mundu e bessida unu puntu de riferimentu populari de su primu Web. == Studamentu e benidoris == Apustis de su trasferimentu de su laboratòriu in sa sei atuali, sa telecàmera est stètia a sa fini studada, a is 09:54 UTC de su 22 austu 2001. Sa noa de su studamentu suu est stètia arremonada in sa primu pàgina de is testadas giornalìsticas ''The Times'' e ''The Washington Post'', e artìculus me in ''The Guardian''<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2001/mar/07/education.highereducation|tìtulu=Plug pulled on web's historic coffee pot|autore=Stuart Millar e Ben Summers|editore=[[The Guardian]]|data=7 marzo 2001|atzessu=5 agosto 2021}}</ref> e ''Wired''.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.statusq.org/archives/2001/04/18|tìtulu=Blog post listing media coverage of the shutdown|autore=Quentin Stafford-Fraser|atzessu=26 ottobre 2006}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.wired.com/2001/03/farewell-seminal-coffee-cam/|tìtulu=Farewell, Seminal Coffee Cam|editore=[[Wired]]|atzessu=5 agosto 2021}}</ref> S'ùrtima de is cuàturu o cincu màchinas de fai cafei bidas in lìnia, una Krups, dd'ant bèndia a s'asta in eBay po 3 350 sterlinas a su situ de noas tedescu ''Spiegel Online''. Unus cantu dipendentis Krups dd'ant arrangiada in donu, permitendi de dda torrai a allui in sa redatzioni de sa rivista.<ref name="BBC-witness">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p010lvn7|tìtulu=The Trojan Room Coffee Pot|editore=[[BBC|BBC World Service]]|atzessu=22 agosto 2016}}</ref> De s'istadi de su [[2016]] est in prèstidu permanenti a s'Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum de Paderborn.<ref>''[http://www.hnf.de/en/permanent-exhibition/exhibition-areas/everything-goes-digital/the-world-at-your-fingertips-history-of-the-internet.html '' The World is at your fingertips - History of the Internet''], Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum Paderborn''</ref> Càncua parodia de sa màchina Trojan Room includit s'[[Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol]], una brulla de abrili de su [[1998]] chi definit unu protocollu de comunicatzioni, e su [[Videojòcu|video-giogu]] de su [[2002]] ''Hitman 2: Silent Assassin'', innui su giogadori podit sciusciai una "màchina fotogràfica de su cafei" in coxina po spàssiu. Sa cafetera est stètia mentovada fintzas in su drama de sa BBC Radio 4 ''The Archers'', su 24 friaxu [[2005]].<ref name="BBC-witness"/> In su primu episòdiu de sa de cuàturu stajonis de sa sèrie TV ''Halt and Catch Fire'' de AMC, amostant sa cafetera po arrapresentai sa primu webcam chi aparit in su World Wide Web, chi megàt ne nasci. == Riferimentus == <references /> == Bibliografia == * {{Tzita publicatzione|autore=Quentin Stafford-Fraser|annu=2001|mese=argiolas|tìtulu=On site: The life and times of the first Web Cam|rivista=Communications of the ACM|volume=44|nùmeru=7|pp=25-26|limba=en|doi=10.1145/379300.379327}} == Ligàminis esternus == * {{En}} [http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/coffee/coffee.html Situ ofitziali de sa Trojan Room Coffee Machine] e [https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/coffee/qsf/timeline.html stòria de s'evoluzioni sua] * {{En}} [https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/xvcoffee Archìviu Internet de su situ] * {{De}} [http://www.spiegel.de/static/popup/coffeecam/cam1.html Webcam de sa cafetera me is ofìtzius de su Spiegel Online] * {{En}} [[dmoz:Computers/Internet/History/The_Trojan_Room_Coffee_Machine/|Curlie - The Trojan Room Coffee Machine]] * {{En}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4PX8vksBFU YouTube - Intervista a Quentin Stafford-Fraser] [[Categoria:Eletrotzeracos]] [[Categoria:Internet]] 01iss2d0pm2x9dwure52q6649xo1tvg 0 21454 190028 186859 2026-05-16T02:27:07Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|format=dms|display=title}} {{LSC}}{{Bidda|nòmene comune=Silanos|populamentu=2.210|die patronu=17 bennarzu|nòmene patronu=Sant'Antoni Abate|nòmene bividores=Silanesos|fiscale=I730|istat=091083|prefissu=0785|cap=08017|comunes lacanantes=[[Bolòtana]], [[Bortigale]], [[Duarche]], [[Lei]], [[Noragugume]]|apendìtzios=|densidade=46|tirada=48,04|imàzine=Istemma de Silanos.png|artiore=432|longhiore=8°53′0″E|ladiore=40°17′0″N 8°53′0″E|sigla provìntzia=NU|nòmene provìntzia=Nùgoro|s-nòmene rezone=sa Sardigna|nòmene rezone=[[Sardigna]]|s-nòmene Istadu=s'Itàlia|nòmene Istadu=[[Itàlia]]|nòmene ufitziale=Silanus|zassu=[http://www.comune.silanus.nu.it/]}} [[File:Silanus_-_Panorama_(02).JPG|left|thumb|200x200px]] '''Silanos''' (in [[Limba italiana|italianu]] ''Silanus'') est una [[bidda]] de sa [[Provìntzia de Nùgoro]]<nowiki/> in sa regione [[Màrghine]] e giughet 2.046 abitantes.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://demo.istat.it/bilmens/index.php?anno=2021|tìtulu=Istatìsticas ISTAT de su 2021|situ=demo.istat.it|limba=it|atzessu=2021-12-12}}</ref> {{Variant|LSC}} == Su nùmene == In sos documentos [[Edade mèdia|medievales]] a sa bidda la mentovant ''Silanos''. In sos sèculos XII e XIII agatamus ''Silanos'' (Condaghe de Santu Nicola de Truddas) e ''Silano'' ([[Condaghe de Santa Maria de Bonàrcado|Condaghe de Santa Maria de Bonàrcadu]]). In su 1341 cumparent sas formas ''Salanos'' e ''Silanus'' (''Rationes Decimarum Sardinia'') e in su 1388 sa forma Silano (''Codex Diplomáticos Sardiniae''). A su chi narat Massimo Pittau, su nùmene benit dae su latinu “''Silanus''” chi cheret nàrrere tzurru, irrusciada de abba. Àteros istudiosos pensant chi su nùmene de sa bidda bèngiat dae ''Silvanus'', deus [[Impèriu romanu|romanu]] de sos buscos, fortzis ca in àteros tempos su territòriu fiat totu ammuntadu dae buscos carcos. == Su sartu == Silanos, bidda de sa parte de mesu de su Màrghine, est a 432 metros subra de su mare. Su territòriu est mannu belle e 48 km cuadrados, bona parte ocupadu dae sa cadena de su [[Màrghine]] in ue agatamus su Monte Santu Padre (1026 m), su Monte Lameddari (1118 m) e Punta Palai (1200 m). Sa bidda est a pees de Monte Arbu (696 m), intre su Riu Bidiene e su Riu Canales. Alindat cun [[Lei]], Golothene, [[Bortigale]], [[Duarche]], [[Noragugume|Noragùgume]]. In sa parte prus arta de su territòriu, chi una borta fiat prena prena de buscos, agatamus [[Quercus|chercu]] e èlighe sende chi, prus in bassu, b’at suèrgiu, mudegru, [[chessa]], ogiastru, pirastru, tùvara e [[lidone]]. B’at finas animales raros comente s’astore puddàrgiu, su puddaju, s’astoritu. Agatamus finas [[Sirbone|sirbones]], [[Lèpere|lèperes]], assiles e gatos agrestes e, in cussas partes de su monte prenas de roca, sa tziligherta niedda. == S'istòria == S'òmine est arribadu in custu territòriu giai dae su [[Sardigna preistòrica|tempus preistòricu]], comente provadu dae sas 7 [[Domus de Janas|domos de janas]], sos 25 [[Nuraghe|nuraghes]], sas 22 [[Tumba de sos zigantes|tumbas de gigantes]] (intre cussas sa de ''Pedra Pinta''), sas 2 tumbas [[Tziviltade nuraghesa|nuràgicas]], su [[Puttu sacru nuraghesu|putzu sacru]], sos 7 bidditzolos nuràgicos presentes. Totu a inghìriu de Silanos si podent galu bìdere sos nuraghes Orolio o Madrone, su nuraghe Santa Sarbana e Corbos. A inoghe sunt arribados finas sos [[Istòria de Sardigna fenìtziu-pùnica|pùnicos]]: sa presèntzia issoro est provada dae unos cantos repertos agatados a canta de su nuraghe Orolio e in localidade ''Pola suta ‘e Roca''. In [[Sardigna e Còrsica|tempus romanu]], in ue oe b’est sa bidda, b’aiat fortzis unu bidditzolu; s’ischit difatis chi b’aiat unos cantos cristianos deportados a su tempus de Diocletzianu e custrintos a sos traballos fortzados in sas cavas de carchina de Monte Arbu. Finas [[Giovanni Spano]] faeddat de su chi est istadu agatadu de su tempus romanu. In [[Istòria de Sardigna bizantina|tempus bizantinu]], fortzis, b’at àpidu comunidades de [[Grèghia|gregos]]; a ddu fàghere pensare sunt sas caraterìsticas de sa crèsia de Santa Sarbana. Deviant èssere gregas finas sas crèsias de Santu Zorzi e Sant’Antiogu, chi oe non s’agatant prus. In s'[[edade mèdia]] b’aiat istadu fatos istòricos medas. Sa bidda, tzerriada ''Silano'', fiat parte de sa [[Curadorias|curadoria]]<nowiki/>de su [[Màrghine]], in su [[Judicadu de Torres|Giuigadu de Torres o Logudoro]]. In custu tempus sunt arribbados sos tzistertzensos de Cabu Abbas ([[Sindia]]) chi ant fraigadu sa crèsia de Santu Laretu in su de XII sèculos. In su 1259, una borta rutu su Giuigadu (a pustis de sa morte de [[Adelàsia de Torres]]) e a pustis de sa dominatzione de sos Doria de [[Repùblica de Gènova|Gènova]], durada pagu meda, fiant arribados sos [[Judicadu de Arbaree|arborensos]] chi l'aiant tenta finas a su 1420, cun [[Gulliermu de Arbarea|Gulliermu III]] chi fiat s'ùrtimu giùighe a nde pigare possessu in su 1410, e a pustis fiat colada a suta de sos [[Corona de Aragona|aragonesos]]. Prus a tardu su territòriu fiat devènnidu fèudu e, in su 1420, sos aragonesos dd’aiant dadu a Bernardo Centelles. In su 1439 Silanos fiat devènnida propiedade de su [[marchesadu de Aristanis]] e in su 1478 intradu a fàghere parte de sos benes de sa corona ispagnola. Dae cuss’annu e pro totu su tempus de sa [[Istòria de Sardigna ispagnola|dominatzione ispagnola]] sa bidda aiat fatu parte de sa contea de Oliva e, a pustis, passada dae una manu a s’àtera pro annos. Comente giai naradu, difatis, sos primos contes fiant istados sos Centelles, chi aiant pigadu cussu tìtulu in su 1449, e a pustis bi fiant istados sos Borgia e, una borta estinta sa famìlia issoro, sos Pimentel cun Maria Giusepa, erede de issos e mugere de Pietro Tellez Giron. In manu a custos at a abarrare finas a su 1843, cando su fèudu l'aiant riscatadu. In su perìodu sabàudu, Silanos faghiat parte de sa provìntzia de [[Cùllieri]], e in su 1848 fiat intrada in sa partzidura amministrativa de [[Nùgoro]]. In su 1859 fiat in sa [[provìntzia de Tàtari]], tzircundàriu de Nùgoro e mandamentu de [[Golòthene]], e a sa fine est intrada in sa [[provìntzia de Nùgoro]] in su 1927. == Sa cultura == Sa bidda de Silanos est nòdida in totue comente sa bidda de sa "vida longa". Difatis, faghet ispantu su nùmeru de persones chi nch'ant passadu sos chentu, siat òmines chi fèminas. [[File:Silanus santa sabina2.jpg|left|thumb|Nuraghe e crèsia de Santa Sarbana]] [[File:Església_de_Sant_Llorenç_(Silanos,_Sardenya).jpg|thumb|168x168px|Crèsia de Santu Laretu]] Ma Silanos est finas una bidda prena de cosas de interessu e de bìdere. S'ammentant in antis de totu sas crèsias: sa Madalena, chi est sa crèsia manna, est in su tzentru de sa bidda e est istada fraigada in su 1400; sa crèsia de sa Ìtria, chi est de su 1600; sa crèsia de santa Sarbana chi est foras dae sa bidda, a casi duos chilòmetros, in s'istrada chi collegat [[Nùgoro]] a [[Macumere]]. Faghet parte de unu cumplessu in ue b'at finas unu [[nuraghe]] e unos cantos [[muristenes]] pro sos fideles. S'ammentant, in fines, sas crèsias de Santu Portolu, una cresiedda de sartu de su 1600, sa de Sant'Antoni, chi est sa crèsia prus manna de sa bidda, e sa crèsia de Santu Laretu, fraigada in su 1150, totu in pedra niedda. In su 2020 su comunu de Silanos at inauguradu su Museu sa poesia a bolu, amministradu e creadu in collaboratzione cun sa domo editora [[Domus de Janas (domo editora)|Domus de Janas]]<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/258?s=38154&v=2&c=2487&c1=2487&visb=&t=1|tìtulu=Silanus, Sa Domo de sa Poesia Cantada|limba=it|atzessu=2021-09-14|dataarchìviu=2021-09-14|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914164613/https://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/258?s=38154&v=2&c=2487&c1=2487&visb=&t=1|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita noas|limba=it|nùmene=Francesca|sambenadu=Mulas|url=https://www.lacanas.it/prendas-de-sardigna/2020/sa-domo-de-sa-poesia-cantada/|tìtulu=Sa domo de sa poesia cantada|publicatzione=Làcanas.it|data=2020}}</ref>, chi in sas salas suas impreat meda de su materiale collidu dae sa domo editora in prus de 50 annos de traballu de [[Pàule Pillonca]], de su fìgiu Fàbiu e de sos àteros chi ant sighidu cun s'òpera sua, chi si sunt ocupados de custa arte chi in Silanos at tentu medas rapresentantes de primore.<ref>{{Tzita noas|nùmene=Màuru|sambenadu=Piredda|url=https://salimbasarda.net/in-silanos-sa-domo-de-sa-poesia-cantada/|tìtulu=In Silanos sa Domo de sa poesia cantada|publicatzione=Limba Sarda 2.0|data=2020-08-08|atzessu=2021-09-14}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.sapoesiacantada.it/museo/|tìtulu=Il museo|situ=Sa Poesia Cantada|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2021-09-14}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita noas|limba=it|nùmene=Francesco|sambenadu=Oggianu|url=https://www.unionesarda.it/cultura/silanus-fissata-l-inaugurazione-di-sa-domo-de-sa-poesia-cantada-aq9ss4i4|tìtulu=Silanus, fissata l'inaugurazione di Sa Domo de sa Poesia Cantada|publicatzione=[[L'Unione Sarda]]|data=2020-07-28|atzessu=2021-09-14}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.comune.silanus.nu.it/news/sa-domo-de-sa-poesia-cantada/|tìtulu=Sa Domo de Sa Poesia Cantada|situ=Comune di Silanus|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2021-09-14|dataarchìviu=2021-09-14|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914164618/https://www.comune.silanus.nu.it/news/sa-domo-de-sa-poesia-cantada/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.tottusinpari.it/2020/08/10/a-silanus-lo-scrigno-multimediale-sa-domo-e-sa-poesia-cantada-la-poesia-improvvisata-nel-ricordo-di-paolo-pillonca-mario-masala-e-francesco-mura/|tìtulu=A Silanus lo scrigno multimediale "Sa Domo de sa Poesia Cantada": la poesia improvvisata nel ricordo di Paolo Pillonca, Mario Masala e Francesco Mura|situ=Tottus in pari|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2021-09-14}}</ref> == S'economia == In Silanos s'economia in s'istòria est istada meda ligada a s'àmbitu agro-pastorale: si campat allevende su bestiàmene e cun s'artesania tìpica: faghende tapetes, durches e pane. Su terrinu, bonu meda, es prantadu a orzu, fae, olia, bide e àrbores de frùtora. Su campu est prenu de àrbores de pirastru, meda de custas las ant innestadas a calidades diferentes de pira. == Sas festas == Comente in totus sas biddas de Sardigna, finas in Silanos sas traditziones e sas festas sunt sentidas moda dae sa gente. Su 16 c su 17 de [[ghennàrgiu]] sos silanesos festant Sant’Antoni de su fogu. Sa festa incumentzat su 16, a sero, cando s’allumat su fogu in sa pratza in dae in antis de sa crèsia. Su 17 si faghet sa protzessione e sa missa e totu finit cun unu cumbidu pro totus. Santu Sidore est festadu sa segunda domìniga de [[maju]]. Su 22 de [[trìulas]] si festat Sa Madalena mentres in [[austu]] b’est Santu Laretu Màrtire chi est una festa nàschida in sos annos ‘50 pro sos emigrados chi torraiant a bidda; Santu Portolu, imbetzes, si festat in [[cabudanni]]. Sunt de importu pro Silanos finas sa Sagra de su Ìschidu, su primu de maju; sa festa de Santa Sarbana, chi si festat in cabudanni; su prèmiu giornalìsticu “Funtana Elighe"; sa mustra de pane e durches de sa traditzione; sa rassigna de càntigos polifònicos e, un’annu emmo e s'àteru nono, finas s’addòbiu regionale de sos [[Cantu a tenore|tenores]]. == Persones nòdidas == Intre sos silanesos famados s’ammentant [[Giuseppe Fiori|Giusepe Fiori]] (1923-2003) (connotu comente Peppinu), [[iscritore]], [[giornalista]], senadore de [[Itàlia|sa Repùblica]], at iscritu paritzas cosas; intre custas s’ammentant sas biografias de [[Antonio Gramsci|Antoni Gramsci]], [[Emìliu Lussu]], [[Enrico Berlinguer|Erricu Berlinguer]] e àteros. Semper in s'àmbitu de sa polìtica est de mentovare Gesumino Mastino, giurista, deputadu de su parlamentu italianu e membru de s'assemblea costituente. Est silanesu Giorgio Maria Delrio (1865-1938), Mussegnore in Aristanis dae su 1920 a su 1938. Est istadu unu de sos personàgios de importu chi ant leadu parte a su Cungressu Eucarìsticu Sardu in su 1924. Cherent mentovados finas duos poetas connotos in totu sa Sardigna: Frantziscu Mura, nàschidu in su 1933 e mortu giòvanu e Màriu Masala, de su 1935, chi cantat galu a poesia. == Riferimentos == <references /> == Bibliografia == * {{Tzita libru|nùmene=Sara|sambenadu=Firinu|tìtulu=Biddas de sa provìntzia de Nùgoro|annu=2014|editore=Ufìtziu Limba Sarda de sa Provìntzia de Nùgoro|pp=93-94|capìtulu=Silanos}} *{{Tzita libru|nùmene=Peppino|sambenadu=Congia|tìtulu=Dizionario botanico sardo: i nomi volgari e scientifici delle piante spotanee, avventizie e coltivate dalla Sardegna dal sardo, dall'italiano, dal latino|data=1998|editore=Zonza|tzitade=Casteddu|limba=it|OCLC=637345318}} *{{Tzita libru|tìtulu=Il Marghine e la Planargia: il territorio, l'ambiente, la storia|annu=2004|editore=Comunità Montana Marghine e Planargia|tzitade=Macumere|limba=it}} *{{Tzita libru|curadore=[[Manlio Brigaglia]] e Salvatore Tola|tìtulu=Dizionario storico-geografico dei comuni della Sardegna|url=https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=2435&s=17&v=9&c=4459&c1=%22Dizionario+storico-geografico+dei+Comuni+della+Sardegna%22&n=24&ric=1&idtipo=3|data=2006|editore=[[Carlo Delfino editore]]|tzitade=Tàtari|limba=it|volume=5|capìtulu=Silanus|url_capìtulu=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2012082710554100015.pdf|OCLC=888708482|ISBN=978-88-7138-430-6|atzessu=2021-12-30|dataarchìviu=2021-12-28|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228094625/https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=2435&s=17&v=9&c=4459&c1=%22Dizionario+storico-geografico+dei+Comuni+della+Sardegna%22&n=24&ric=1&idtipo=3|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|nùmene=Carlo|sambenadu=Murgia|tìtulu=Guida ai rapaci della Sardegna|url=https://www.sardegnaforeste.it/notizia/guida-ai-rapaci|data=1993|editore=[[Regione autònoma de sa Sardigna]]. Assessoradu amparu ambiente|tzitade=Casteddu|limba=it|OCLC=799987535|atzessu=2021-12-30|dataarchìviu=2021-12-30|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230104712/https://www.sardegnaforeste.it/notizia/guida-ai-rapaci|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|nùmene=Antoninu|sambenadu=Rubattu|wkautore=Antoninu Rubattu|tìtulu=Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna|url=https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=2435&s=17&v=9&c=4459&c1=%22Dizionario+universale+della+lingua+di+Sardegna%22&n=24&ric=1&idtipo=3|atzessu=2021-12-28|data=2001|editore=EDES|tzitade=Tàtari|limba=sc,it|OCLC=49195883|ISBN=978-88-86002-39-4|dataarchìviu=2022-08-22|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20220822215501/https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=2435&s=17&v=9&c=4459&c1=%22Dizionario+universale+della+lingua+di+Sardegna%22&n=24&ric=1&idtipo=3|urlmortu=eja}} *{{Tzita libru|nùmene=Helmar|sambenadu=Schenk|nùmene2=Mauro|sambenadu2=Aresu|nùmene3=Alberto|sambenadu3=Fozzi|tìtulu=Libro rosso dei vertebrati terrestri del Marghine-Planargia|atzessu=2021-12-30|data=1995|editore=Il girasole|tzitade=Arzachena|limba=it|SBN=IT\ICCU\CAG\1505614}} == Ligàmenes esternos == * {{Tzita web|url=https://www.comune.silanus.nu.it/|tìtulu=Situ istitutzionale|limba=it}} {{Controllu de autoridade}}{{Template:Provìntzia de Nùgoro}} [[Categoria:Màrghine]] [[Categoria:Comunes de sa provìntzia de Nùgoro]] jkkl0rj22v50177mm11e7vbne9623jt 1 21457 190029 186860 2026-05-16T02:27:08Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{crèditos|"Biddas de sa provìntzia de Nùgoro" (2014), de s'Ufìtziu Limba Sarda de sa provìntzia de Nùgoro|2021111610004451}} ==Càmbiu de artìculu== Apo creadu s'artìculu in LSC, pighende su testu dae "Biddas de sa provìntzia de Nùgoro", e lu diat chèrrere pònnere che a artìculu printzipale, ca est prus mannu. So faghende incumintzare como sas 5 dies sòlitas.--[[Usuàriu:L2212|L2212]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:L2212|talk]]) 23:50, 12 Nad 2021 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Trìulas 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Silanos]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180687 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20220822215501/https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=2435&s=17&v=9&c=4459&c1=%22Dizionario+universale+della+lingua+di+Sardegna%22&n=24&ric=1&idtipo=3 annantu a https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=2435&s=17&v=9&c=4459&c1=%22Dizionario+universale+della+lingua+di+Sardegna%22&n=24&ric=1&idtipo=3 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 04:49, 6 Trì 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Trìulas 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Silanos]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180750 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20211228094625/https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=2435&s=17&v=9&c=4459&c1=%22Dizionario+storico-geografico+dei+Comuni+della+Sardegna%22&n=24&ric=1&idtipo=3 annantu a https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=2435&s=17&v=9&c=4459&c1=%22Dizionario+storico-geografico+dei+Comuni+della+Sardegna%22&n=24&ric=1&idtipo=3 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:28, 9 Trì 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Santugaine 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Silanos]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=181774 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210914164613/https://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/258?s=38154&v=2&c=2487&c1=2487&visb=&t=1 annantu a https://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/258?s=38154&v=2&c=2487&c1=2487&visb=&t=1 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 05:13, 4 Stg 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Trìulas 2025) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Silanos]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=186859 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210914164618/https://www.comune.silanus.nu.it/news/sa-domo-de-sa-poesia-cantada/ annantu a https://www.comune.silanus.nu.it/news/sa-domo-de-sa-poesia-cantada/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 13:46, 13 Trì 2025 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Silanos]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190028 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20211230104712/https://www.sardegnaforeste.it/notizia/guida-ai-rapaci annantu a https://www.sardegnaforeste.it/notizia/guida-ai-rapaci . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 04:27, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) dpkjhj8z927he1cz7ut28g0w4ghzo4u 1 21978 190016 185216 2026-05-16T00:17:36Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190016 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Cabudanni 2022) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Giuanni Lilliu]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=178139 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210430141124/https://www.sindipendente.com/blog/annos-70-maistros-de-limba-sarda-ischedados-dae-su-minist%C3%A8riu annantu a https://www.sindipendente.com/blog/annos-70-maistros-de-limba-sarda-ischedados-dae-su-minist%C3%A8riu . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 06:01, 3 Cab 2022 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Giuanni Lilliu]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180424 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20211027103802/https://www.regione.sardegna.it/j/v/13?&s=66832&v=2&c=392&t=1 annantu a https://www.regione.sardegna.it/j/v/13?&s=66832&v=2&c=392&t=1 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 21:22, 26 Maj 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Trìulas 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 7 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Giuanni Lilliu]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180825 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210411045743/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319503100007.pdf annantu a http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319503100007.pdf *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210411045743/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319503100007.pdf annantu a http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319503100007.pdf *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20220307035845/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319511800009.pdf annantu a http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319511800009.pdf *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210513191940/https://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319501100005.pdf annantu a http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319501100005.pdf *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210831192150/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319510800008.pdf annantu a http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319510800008.pdf *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20220307035929/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319502100006.pdf annantu a http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/mmt/fullsize/2009022319502100006.pdf *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20220307035858/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/documenti/17_81_20090309104950.pdf annantu a http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/documenti/17_81_20090309104950.pdf . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 04:03, 12 Trì 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Austu 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Giuanni Lilliu]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=181112 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210503030908/http://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/267?s=7&v=9&c=28513&nodesc=1 annantu a http://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/267?s=7&v=9&c=28513&nodesc=1 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 03:31, 17 Aus 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Santugaine 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Giuanni Lilliu]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=181682 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210430141114/http://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/253?s=26719&v=2&c=28305&c1=28334&visb=&t=1 annantu a http://www.sardegnacultura.it/j/v/253?s=26719&v=2&c=28305&c1=28334&visb=&t=1 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 03:11, 4 Stg 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Nadale 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Giuanni Lilliu]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=185215 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210122035318/http://www.anthonymuroni.it/2018/03/14/giuanni-lilliu-unomine-mannu-pariat-minore/ annantu a http://www.anthonymuroni.it/2018/03/14/giuanni-lilliu-unomine-mannu-pariat-minore/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:11, 4 Nad 2024 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Giuanni Lilliu]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190015 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210629140358/https://docplayer.net/47007055-Giovanni-lilliu-sentidu-de-libbertade.html annantu a https://docplayer.net/47007055-Giovanni-lilliu-sentidu-de-libbertade.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:17, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) 8of0l16oirj0tiwn1agvipfq1a1z7nw 0 22280 190007 189467 2026-05-15T23:44:26Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}} [[File:Elias Garcia Martinez - Ecce Homo.jpg|thumb|Sa pintura, in antis de su degradu de su tempus e de s'interventu de sa Giménez]] S''''Ecce Homo''' est una pintura murale de Elías García Martínez<ref name="ilpost.it">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.ilpost.it/2012/08/25/un-restauro-un-po-cosi/|tìtulu=Un restauro un po’ così|editore=[[Il Post]]|data=25 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013}}</ref>, [[Arte|artista]] minore [[Ispagna|ispanniolu]]<ref>{{Tzita web|https://cesbor.blogspot.com.es/2012/08/un-hecho-incalificable.html|tìtulu=Un hecho incalificable|editore=cesbor.blogspot.com.es|data=7 agosto 2012|atzessu=22 ottobre 2014}}</ref>. S'òpera s'agatat in su ''Santuàriu de Misericòrdia'' de Borja, in [[Ispagna|Ispànnia]]. Sa pintura, cunsiderada de importu artìsticu modestu, est lòmpida a fama mundiale pro unu restàuru amatoriale male resèssidu de su [[2012]].<ref name="paisValue">{{Tzita web|url=https://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2012/08/23/actualidad/1345709139_149007.html|tìtulu=La restauración de un 'Ecce homo' se convierte en un sainete mundial|autore=Rocío Huerta|data=22 agosto 2012|atzessu=24 agosto 2012}}</ref><ref name="independent">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/news/elderly-woman-destroys-19thcentury-spanish-fresco-by-elias-garcia-martinez-in-botched-restoration-8073267.html|tìtulu=Elderly woman destroys 19th-century Spanish fresco by Elias Garcia Martinez in botched restoration|editore=independent.co.uk|data=22 agosto 2012|atzessu=24 agosto 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/aug/23/great-art-restoration-disasters|tìtulu=Great art needs a few restoration disasters|data=23 agosto 2012|atzessu=1º settembre 2012}}</ref> == Istòria == === S'artista === Elías García Martínez ([[Requena (Ispagna)|Requena]], [[1858]] - [[Utiel]], [[1934]]) est istadu unu pintore e professore de arte [[Ispagna|ispanniolu]].<ref name="aragonesa">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.enciclopedia-aragonesa.com/voz.asp?voz_id=6139|tìtulu=García Condoy, los|editore=enciclopedia-aragonesa.com|data=29 novembre 2010|atzessu=22 ottobre 2014|dataarchìviu=2018-08-12|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812053616/http://www.enciclopedia-aragonesa.com/voz.asp?voz_id=6139|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Martínez aiat comintzadu sa carriera artìstica sua in sa tzitade nadale, istudiende posca in s'Acadèmia de Bellas Artes de [[Valentzia|Valèntzia]] e in [[Bartzellona]]. Dae su 1894 at traballadu in [[Zaragoza]] pro sa ''Provincial de Bellas Artes de Zaragoza'', in ue at tentu cursos de pintura ornamentale e ritratìstica finas a su [[1929]]. Martínez est cunsideradu un'artista minore dae sa crìtica ispetzializada: in unos cantos casos, is traballos suos comente a ritratista sunt cunsiderados discretos, traditzionales meda e privos de innovatzione; meda de sa produtzione artìstica de Martínez cunsistiat in còpias de òperas de arte antigas.<ref name="aragonesa"/> === Istòria de s'òpera === S'artista aiat donadu s'òpera a sa tzitade de Borja, in ue passaiat is vacàntzias, a pustis de dd'àere pintada in duas oras a subra de una colunna a manca de s'altare de su ''Santuàriu de Misericòrdia''. Su sugetu est ispiradu dae una pintura a ògiu de s'artista italianu Guido Renes, e dae un'intzisione, sìmile meda, de [[William French]].<ref name="ilpost.it"/> In prus de chentu annos, s'òpera non fiat mai istada restaurada, e s'agataiat in un'istadu de degradu avantzadu, cun partes mannas de intònicu iscorgioladu e colores isarbolidos meda. Is nebodes de García Martínez, residentes in [[Zaragoza]], connoschiant is cunditziones de sa pintura e fiant comintzende a chircare fundos pro unu restàuru cumpletu.<ref name="New York Times">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/24/world/europe/botched-restoration-of-ecce-homo-fresco-shocks-spain.html|tìtulu=Despite Good Intentions, a Fresco in Spain Is Ruined|autore=Raphael Minder|editore=[[The New York Times]]|data=23 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013}}</ref> === Su restàuru === In s'austu [[2012]] Cecilia Giménez, parrochiana de 81 annos, pintora amantiosa sena esperièntzia nen cualìfica in restàuru, pigat s'initziativa boluntària de pònnere manu a sa pintura, arruinende·dda in manera sèria.<ref name="affaritaliani">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.affaritaliani.it/cronache/restauratrice-scimmia050912.html|tìtulu=Cecilia Gimenez, la restauratrice peggiore del mondo, impazza sul web|editore=affaritaliani.it|data=5 settembre 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2023-04-01|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401090450/https://www.affaritaliani.it/cronache/restauratrice-scimmia050912.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Sa noa de s'acontèssida apareit sa prima borta su 7 austu, publicada in unu blog ispanniolu chi creiat s'afriscu vìtima de un'atu de [[Bandalismu|vandalismu]].<ref name="ilpost.it"/> Su 21 de su matessi mese su cuotidianu ''Heraldo de Aragón'' at iscobertu e at isveladu s'autora de s'interventu. Dae in cue sa noa est arribbada a is cuotidianos majores ispanniolos, faghende s'òpera e su restàuru suo famados in totu su mundu.<ref name="ilpost.it" /> Is mèdios de comunicatzione de totu su mundu dd'ant definidu su peus restàuru de s'istòria.<ref name="New York Times"/><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/08/23/worst-restoration-ever-elderly-woman-botches-touch-up-job-on-19th-century-church-fresco/|tìtulu=Worst. Restoration. Ever. Elderly Woman Botches Touch-Up Job on 19th Century Church Fresco|autore=Nick Carbone|editore=[[Time]] NewsFeed|data=23 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2023-04-01|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401090451/https://newsfeed.time.com/2012/08/23/worst-restoration-ever-elderly-woman-botches-touch-up-job-on-19th-century-church-fresco/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://io9.gizmodo.com/5938377/the-worst-art-restoration-mistakes-of-all-time|tìtulu=The Worst Art Restoration Mistakes of All Time|autore=Esther Inglis-Arkell|editore=io9.com|data=28 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2018-07-27|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727220905/https://io9.gizmodo.com/5938377/the-worst-art-restoration-mistakes-of-all-time|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.worldcrunch.com/culture-society/history-039-s-worst-restoration-80-year-old-woman-defends-work-on-century-old-jesus-mural/spain-painting-fail/c3s9417/|tìtulu=History's Worst Restoration: 80-Year-Old Woman Defends Work On Century-Old Jesus Mural|editore=worldcrunch.com|data=23 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2016-10-15|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015215153/http://www.worldcrunch.com/culture-society/history-039-s-worst-restoration-80-year-old-woman-defends-work-on-century-old-jesus-mural/spain-painting-fail/c3s9417/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Sa sennora s'est amparada narende de àere pigadu s'initziativa ca non boliat prus bìdere sa pintura in cussas cunditziones, e de àere tentu su permissu de su pàrracu; custu ùrtimu at negadu de àere permìtidu a sa fèmina de pònnere manu a sa pintura: sa parrochiana, duncas, diat àere agidu de lìbera initziativa sua.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.ultimenotizieflash.com/2012/08/25/anziana-restaura-affresco-di-gesu-ora-e-uno-scempio/|tìtulu=Anziana restaura affresco di Gesù: ora è uno scempio|autore=Filomena Porcopio|editore=ultimenotizieflash.com|data=25 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2013-11-05|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105122456/http://www.ultimenotizieflash.com/2012/08/25/anziana-restaura-affresco-di-gesu-ora-e-uno-scempio/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref name="BBC">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-19349921|tìtulu=Spanish fresco restoration botched by amateur|editore=bbc.com|data=23 agosto 2012|atzessu=22 ottobre 2014}}</ref> S'assessore a sa cultura de Borja at decraradu chi «si no est recuperàbile, at a èssere ammantadu cun una fotografia de sa pintura originale».<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-33520671.html|tìtulu=Botched Art Is an Online Sensation|autore=David Randall, Megan Tatum|editore=[[The Independent]]|data=26 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2013-09-21|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061426/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-33520671.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Is erederis de García Martínez ant espressadu s'intentzione de intentare unu restàuru, mancari sende intzertos chi s'òpera potzat torrare a is cunditziones originales; nointames, ddoe at opositziones mannas a su riprìstinu, ca sa fama sua at giutu a unu ''boom'' de turismu in sa bidda, cun intradas mannas a is càscias comunales.<ref name="artsblog">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.artsblog.it/post/53933/ecce-homo-sfigurato-a-cecilia-gimenez-una-parte-dei-diritti-dautore|tìtulu=Ecce homo sfigurato, a Cecilia Gimenez una parte dei diritti d'autore|autore=Sara Rania|editore=artsblog.it|data=21 agosto 2013|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2017-08-23|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823024101/http://www.artsblog.it/post/53933/ecce-homo-sfigurato-a-cecilia-gimenez-una-parte-dei-diritti-dautore|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref name="artsblog" /> In tempus pagu meda, sa pintura arruinada est essida atratzione turìstica, bona a atràere flussos de bisitadores incuriosidos dae su fenòmenu mediàticu, chi pagant unu billete pro bìdere s'òpera. Est in prus comintzadu unu cummèrtziu ricu de ammentos e ogetos de merchandising a subra de s'òpera.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.liligo.it/blog-viaggi/notizie-viaggi/2012/08/29/quando-un-affresco-rovinato-si-trasforma-in-attrazione-turistica-12119/|tìtulu=Quando un affresco rovinato si trasforma in attrazione turistica|editore=liligo.it|data=29 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2013-11-05|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105122126/http://www.liligo.it/blog-viaggi/notizie-viaggi/2012/08/29/quando-un-affresco-rovinato-si-trasforma-in-attrazione-turistica-12119/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Limbas|es|en}} {{YouTube|autore=RuptlyTV|ZYgke3R0Sfo|Spain: Meet the woman who turned Jesus into a monkey}}</ref> Cecilia Giménez at pedidu e otentu is [[Deretu de autore|deretos de autore]] de s'òpera, paris a su 49% de su profetu de is bìsitas.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.blitzquotidiano.it/foto-notizie/ecce-homo-cecilia-gimenez-diritti-autore-martinez-borja-spagna-1348578/|tìtulu=Ha “restaurato” l’Ecce Homo di Martinez: Cecilia Gimenez vuole diritti d’autore|editore=blitzquotidiano.it|data=21 settembre 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.darlin.it/zona-zozza/ecce-homo-cecilia-gimenez-diritti-dimmagine/|tìtulu=Ecce Homo: Cecilia Gimenez riceverà i diritti d’immagine del Cristo di Borja|editore=darlin.it|data=22 agosto 2013|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2023-04-01|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401090452/http://www.darlin.it/zona-zozza/ecce-homo-cecilia-gimenez-diritti-dimmagine/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Sa fèmina at decraradu chi su balàngiu ant a andare a sa chirca pro s'atrofia musculare, maladia chi nde sufrit su fìgiu, mentras su 51% chi abarrat at a èssere donadu a una fundatzione de benefitzèntzia pro s'assistu de is sèneghes.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/sep/20/ecce-homo-cecilia-gimenez-royalties|tìtulu=Ecce Homo 'restorer' wants a slice of the royalties|editore=theguardian.com|data=22 settembre 2012|atzessu=22 ottobre 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.artribune.com/2013/08/la-saga-dellecce-homo-e-sempre-piu-un-caso-il-restauro-che-ha-sfigurato-un-affresco-in-spagna-40mila-visitatori-e-oltre-50mila-euro-raccolti-per-beneficienza/|tìtulu=La saga dell’Ecce Homo. È sempre più un caso il restauro che ha sfigurato un affresco in Spagna: 40mila visitatori, e oltre 50mila euro raccolti per beneficenza|editore=arttribune.com|data=|atzessu=22 ottobre 2014}}</ref> In s'ìnteri, sa Giménez at aprofitadu de sa fama improvisa pro bèndere in [[eBay]] unas cantas pinturas suas.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.artsblog.it/post/22933/cecilia-gimenez-lautrice-del-peggior-restauro-della-storia-mette-in-vendita-una-sua-opera-su-ebay|tìtulu=Cecilia Giménez, l'autrice del peggior restauro della storia mette in vendita una sua opera su ebay|editore=artsblog.it|data=14 dicembre 2012|atzessu=22 ottobre 2014|dataarchìviu=2016-07-20|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20160720124121/http://www.artsblog.it/post/22933/cecilia-gimenez-lautrice-del-peggior-restauro-della-storia-mette-in-vendita-una-sua-opera-su-ebay|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> === Fenòmenu de Internet, artìsticu e culturale === Is retes sotziales ant agiudadu meda a portare s'òpera a lestru a sa fama: in [[Facebook]] e [[Twitter]] sunt nàschidos, in pagu tempus, grupos e pàginas dedicadas a s'òpera e a sa restauradora "sua".<ref name="affaritaliani"/> In sa pàgina Twitter est nàschidu su nomìngiu de s'òpera isempiada: ''Ecce Mono'' (''Ecu sa martinica''). Àteros nomìngios sunt: ''Ecce bombo'', ''Potato Jesus'', ''Monkey Jesus'', ''Beast Jesus'', ''Hedgehog Jesus''. Un'imbiadu de sa BBC at iscritu chi assimìgiat a su «disinnu a pastellu de una martinica piluda meda, bestida cun una tùnica»<ref name="New York Times"/><ref name="BBC"/>, su ''Daily Mail'' ddu paragonat a unu personàgiu de ''Planet of the Apes'' (''Su praneta de is martinicas)''<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2191988/A-fading-fresco-DIY-fiasco-Masterpiece-Jesus-destroyed-old-ladys-attempt-restore-damage-divine-intervention.html|tìtulu=A fading fresco and a DIY fiasco: Masterpiece of Jesus is destroyed after old lady's attempt to restore damage is a less-than-divine intervention|editore=[[Daily Mail]]|data=22-25 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013}}</ref>, pro àteros assimìgiat a un'eritzu (dae in ue, su nomìngiu ''hedgehog'').<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/aug/22/spain-church-mural-ruin-restoration|tìtulu=Spanish church mural ruined by well-intentioned restorer|autore=Sam Jones|editore=[[The Guardian]]|data=22 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013}}</ref> S'acuntessimentu est istadu paragonadu fintzas a sa trama de su film ''Bean: The Ultimate Disaster Movie''<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/08/23/church-masterpiece-restored-as-mr-bean-would-do-it/|tìtulu=Church masterpiece 'restored' as Mr. Bean would do it|editore=[[CNN]]|data=23 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2023-04-01|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401090450/https://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/08/23/church-masterpiece-restored-as-mr-bean-would-do-it/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.neatorama.com/2012/08/22/Life-Imitates-Mr-Bean-Amateur-Restoration-of-100-Year-Old-Fresco/#!iydsE|tìtulu=Life Imitates Mr. Bean: Amateur "Restoration" of 100-Year-Old Fresco|autore=Alex Santoso|editore=neatorama.com|data=22 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013}}</ref>, cun riferimentu a s'iscena de s'isciùsciu, e de su "restàuru", de su retàulu de James Whistler.<ref>{{YouTube|autore=movieclips|rWqVoaYxgRs|Bean (9/12) Movie CLIP - Staining Whistler's Mother (1997) HD}}</ref> Àteru eventu de ammentare est ''Cecilia Prize'', cuncursu satìricu de arte in ue faghiat a "restaurare" e espònnere sa versione digitale pròpia de ''Ecce Homo'' pro bìnchere su ''prèmiu Cecilia''. S'artista Roberto Baserga est autore de una còpia possìbile de s'òpera ruinada[https://semioticadelmeme.blogspot.com/2021/04/il-restauro-dellecce-homo-diventa-virale.html]. In su 2013 su drammaturgu argentinu Rafael Spregelburd at pigadu a iscòticu su restàuru faddidu de s'Ecce Homo, pro isvilupare riflessiones a subra de sa fine de s'arte in s'òpera teatrale ''[[Furia avicola]]''.<ref>{{Tzita noas|autore=Massimo Marino|url=http://www.cssudine.it/media/spettacoli/817_6973_rassegna_stampa.pdf|tìtulu=Le apocalissi di Spregelburd|publicatzione=Doppiozero|data=6 febbraio 2014|atzessu=22 dicembre 2014|formadu=pdf}}</ref> === Crìtica artìstica === Sa crìtica ispetzializada at interpretadu s'òpera comente a una fusione de temas sacros e seculares; unu cummentadore de sa rivista ''Forbes'' at definidu su restàuru male fatu comente a «sa rapresentatzione incumprèndida, a banda de una simpre sennora, de su [[Gesùs|sarvadore]] suo», mentras unu giornalista de su ''Guardian'' at definidu sa Giménez una «artista iconoclasta chi at trasformadu un'òpera de perunu balore in unu capolavoru».<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathonkeats/2012/09/27/why-every-church-should-be-blessed-with-a-muralist-as-uncouth-as-cecilia-gimenez/|tìtulu=Why Every Church Should Be Blessed With A Muralist As Uncouth As Cecilia Gimenez|editore=forbes.com|data=27 settembre 2012|atzessu=22 ottobre 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/aug/23/great-art-restoration-disasters|tìtulu=Great art needs a few restoration disasters|editore=theguardian.com|data=23 agosto 2012|atzessu=22 ottobre 2014}}</ref> In Change.org est istada fata una petitzione, firmada dae prus de 20.000 persones, pro mantènnere sa pintura in s'istadu atuale, definidu «una riflessione a subra de sa polìtica e sa sotziedade de su tempus nostru e una crìtica a is teorias creatzionistas».<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.change.org/p/ayuntamiento-de-borja-zaragoza-mantenimiento-de-la-nueva-versi%C3%B3n-del-ecce-homo-de-borja|tìtulu=Mantenimiento de la nueva versión del Ecce Homo de Borja|editore=change.org|atzessu=22 ottobre 2014}}</ref> Su grupu artìsticu ispagnolu ''Wallpeople'' at dedicadu una galleria de tributos artìsticos a s'òpera, afirmende chi sa Giménez at creadu un'icona pop.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://wallpeople.org/index.php/galerias/galeria-ecce-homo/|tìtulu=Wallpeople homenaje al ‘Ecce Homo’. 2012|editore=wallpeople.org|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2023-04-01|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401091954/http://wallpeople.org/index.php/galerias/galeria-ecce-homo/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Sa tendèntzia ''boom'' de s'isfrègiu in crae irònica de pintados famados est istada paragonada a unu movimentu artìsticu in nàschida, chi is mèdios de comunicatzione ddi narant ''Istile Giménez''.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.adnkronos.com/IGN/News/Spettacolo/Arte-sul-web-boom-di-restauri-fallimentari-nasce-lo-stile-Gimenez_313646608782.html|tìtulu=Arte: sul web boom di restauri fallimentari, nasce lo 'stile Gimenez'|editore=[[Adnkronos]]|data=30 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2014-10-07|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007040758/http://www1.adnkronos.com/IGN/News/Spettacolo/Arte-sul-web-boom-di-restauri-fallimentari-nasce-lo-stile-Gimenez_313646608782.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.artsblog.it/post/15505/boom-di-restauri-fallimentari-sul-web-nasce-lo-stile-gimenez|tìtulu=Boom di restauri fallimentari sul web, nasce lo stile Gimenez|autore=Miriam Leto|editore=artsblog.it|data=30 agosto 2012|atzessu=5 novembre 2013|dataarchìviu=2017-09-12|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912074455/http://www.artsblog.it/post/15505/boom-di-restauri-fallimentari-sul-web-nasce-lo-stile-gimenez|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> == Riferimentos == <references /> == Ligòngios esternos == * {{Tzita web|url=http://turismodeborja.com/que-ver-que-hacer/ecce-homo/|tìtulu=Ecce Homo y Santuario de Misericordia (cun sa fotografia de sa pintura comente aparet oe)}} {{Artìculu de su mese|maju|2023}} [[Categoria:Pintura]] og1b4lmmfdrntqqjjs8fnfnt381tkvi 1 22281 190008 189468 2026-05-15T23:44:27Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190008 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Abrile 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 8 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Ecce Homo (Martínez-Giménez)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180121 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20180812053616/http://www.enciclopedia-aragonesa.com/voz.asp?voz_id=6139 annantu a http://www.enciclopedia-aragonesa.com/voz.asp?voz_id=6139 *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20131105122456/http://www.ultimenotizieflash.com/2012/08/25/anziana-restaura-affresco-di-gesu-ora-e-uno-scempio/ annantu a http://www.ultimenotizieflash.com/2012/08/25/anziana-restaura-affresco-di-gesu-ora-e-uno-scempio/ *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061426/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-33520671.html annantu a http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-33520671.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20170823024101/http://www.artsblog.it/post/53933/ecce-homo-sfigurato-a-cecilia-gimenez-una-parte-dei-diritti-dautore annantu a http://www.artsblog.it/post/53933/ecce-homo-sfigurato-a-cecilia-gimenez-una-parte-dei-diritti-dautore *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20131105122126/http://www.liligo.it/blog-viaggi/notizie-viaggi/2012/08/29/quando-un-affresco-rovinato-si-trasforma-in-attrazione-turistica-12119/ annantu a http://www.liligo.it/blog-viaggi/notizie-viaggi/2012/08/29/quando-un-affresco-rovinato-si-trasforma-in-attrazione-turistica-12119/ *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20160720124121/http://www.artsblog.it/post/22933/cecilia-gimenez-lautrice-del-peggior-restauro-della-storia-mette-in-vendita-una-sua-opera-su-ebay annantu a http://www.artsblog.it/post/22933/cecilia-gimenez-lautrice-del-peggior-restauro-della-storia-mette-in-vendita-una-sua-opera-su-ebay *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20141007040758/http://www1.adnkronos.com/IGN/News/Spettacolo/Arte-sul-web-boom-di-restauri-fallimentari-nasce-lo-stile-Gimenez_313646608782.html annantu a http://www.adnkronos.com/IGN/News/Spettacolo/Arte-sul-web-boom-di-restauri-fallimentari-nasce-lo-stile-Gimenez_313646608782.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20170912074455/http://www.artsblog.it/post/15505/boom-di-restauri-fallimentari-sul-web-nasce-lo-stile-gimenez annantu a http://www.artsblog.it/post/15505/boom-di-restauri-fallimentari-sul-web-nasce-lo-stile-gimenez . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 15:17, 1 Abr 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Abrile 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Ecce Homo (Martínez-Giménez)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180145 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20161015215153/http://www.worldcrunch.com/culture-society/history-039-s-worst-restoration-80-year-old-woman-defends-work-on-century-old-jesus-mural/spain-painting-fail/c3s9417/ annantu a http://www.worldcrunch.com/culture-society/history-039-s-worst-restoration-80-year-old-woman-defends-work-on-century-old-jesus-mural/spain-painting-fail/c3s9417/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 22:21, 7 Abr 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Abrile 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Ecce Homo (Martínez-Giménez)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180229 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20230401090450/https://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/08/23/church-masterpiece-restored-as-mr-bean-would-do-it/ annantu a http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/08/23/church-masterpiece-restored-as-mr-bean-would-do-it/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 01:16, 22 Abr 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Ecce Homo (Martínez-Giménez)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180458 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20230401090450/https://www.affaritaliani.it/cronache/restauratrice-scimmia050912.html annantu a http://www.affaritaliani.it/cronache/restauratrice-scimmia050912.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 18:38, 27 Maj 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Austu 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Ecce Homo (Martínez-Giménez)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=184536 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20180727220905/https://io9.gizmodo.com/5938377/the-worst-art-restoration-mistakes-of-all-time annantu a https://io9.gizmodo.com/5938377/the-worst-art-restoration-mistakes-of-all-time . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 00:21, 10 Aus 2024 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Santandria 2025) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Ecce Homo (Martínez-Giménez)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=187637 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20230401090452/http://www.darlin.it/zona-zozza/ecce-homo-cecilia-gimenez-diritti-dimmagine/ annantu a http://www.darlin.it/zona-zozza/ecce-homo-cecilia-gimenez-diritti-dimmagine/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 06:41, 14 Std 2025 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Martzu 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Ecce Homo (Martínez-Giménez)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=189467 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20230401091954/http://wallpeople.org/index.php/galerias/galeria-ecce-homo/ annantu a http://wallpeople.org/index.php/galerias/galeria-ecce-homo/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:00, 11 Mar 2026 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Ecce Homo (Martínez-Giménez)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190007 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20230401090451/https://newsfeed.time.com/2012/08/23/worst-restoration-ever-elderly-woman-botches-touch-up-job-on-19th-century-church-fresco/ annantu a http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/08/23/worst-restoration-ever-elderly-woman-botches-touch-up-job-on-19th-century-church-fresco/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 01:44, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) flamweelmsaynymgq9m98wciyi05v3t 0 22312 190021 187860 2026-05-16T01:39:16Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190021 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{Programma}}'''Mozilla Firefox''' (connotu in curtzu fintzas comente '''Firefox''') est unu [[navigadore web]] lìberu e multiprataforma, mantentu dae Mozilla Foundation.<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#MPL-2.0 | 2 = Mozilla Public License (MPL) version 2.0 | 3 = 15 aprile 2016 | dataarchìviu = 2010-07-24 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20100724023833/https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#MPL-2.0 | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> Nàschidu in su [[2002]] cun su nòmine "Phoenix" dae is membros de sa comunidade Mozilla, chi boliant unu navigadore autònomu in logu de s'agrupamentu Mozilla Application Suite, finas a sa versione 56 at impreadu su motore de rèndida Gecko, suportende parte manna de is standard web, in prus de unos cantu piessìnnios progetados comente a estensiones issoro; dae sa versione 57, ''Gecko'' est istadu cambiadu cun ''Quantum''. S'ispainadura sua est lòmpida a su picu màssimu in su [[2009]] cun su 32% de s'impitu, essende cun sa versione 3.5 su prus navigadore impreadu; dae cuddu momentu at incomintzadu unu declinu longu in su nùmeru de impitadores pro neghe de sa cuncurrèntzia de [[Google Chrome]]<ref name=":0" />; in su mese de idas [[2014]] Mozilla at annuntziadu chi su navigadore est arribadu a chimbighentos milliones de impitadores.<ref name=":0">{{Tzita web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/#browser-ww-monthly-200807-201609|tìtulu=StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share|atzessu=20 marzo 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita noas|limba=en|url=http://blog.seattlepi.com/microsoft/archives/188906.asp?from=blog_last3|tìtulu=Firefox 3.5 is world’s most popular browser, StatCounter says|publicatzione=The Microsoft Blog|data=21 dicembre 2009|atzessu=20 marzo 2017|dataarchìviu=2011-01-26|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20110126180230/http://blog.seattlepi.com/microsoft/archives/188906.asp?from=blog_last3|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/#browser_version-ww-monthly-200902-201006|tìtulu=StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share|atzessu=20 marzo 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|https://blog.mozilla.org/press/ataglance/|Mozilla At a Glance|15 aprile 2016}}</ref> In su ghennàrgiu [[2016]], s'ispainadura mundiale, comente a navigadore pro PC de iscrivania, s'atestaiat intre su 9% e su 16%, faghende·nde su segundu prus ispainadu.<ref name="gs.statcounter.com">{{Tzita web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/#desktop-browser-ww-monthly-201208-201611|tìtulu=Top 5 Desktop Browsers from Aug 2012 to Nov 2016|editore=StatCounter|atzessu=15 dicembre 2016}}</ref><ref name="w3counter1">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.w3counter.com/trends|tìtulu=Web Browser Market Share Trends|editore=Awio Web Services LLC|atzessu=7 agosto 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.netmarketshare.com/browser-market-share.aspx?qprid=0&qpcustomd=0|tìtulu=Desktop Browser Market Share|editore=Net Applications|atzessu=7 agosto 2015}}</ref><ref name="getclicky1">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.getclicky.com/marketshare/global/web-browsers/|tìtulu=Web browsers (Global marketshare)|editore=Roxr Software Ltd|atzessu=7 agosto 2015}}</ref> == Su nòmine e su logu == === Orìgine e sinnificadu de su nòmine === In su giassu ufitziale de Mozilla, in sa setzione FAQ, in manera relativa a su nòmine de su navigadore si leghet:{{Tzitatzione|Ite est unu "Firefox"?<br>Unu "Firefox" è un'àteru nòmine de su panda ruju|FAQ<ref>[https://www-archive.mozilla.org/projects/firefox/firefox-name-faq.html Mozilla Firefox - Brand Name Frequently Asked Questions]</ref>|What's a "Firefox"?<br />A "Firefox" is another name for the red panda|limba=en}} [[File:PhoenixScreen.png|thumb|Mozilla Phoenix 0.1 in Windows XP]] Su panda ruju (Ailurus fulgens) in limba tzinesa est connotu fintzas cun su nùmene de ''hǔo hú'' (火狐), traduidu in manera literale comente a ''margiane de fogu'' (Firefox, in inglesu); custa interpretatzione est sa chi at ispiradu a is creadores de su navigadore.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Red_Panda|tìtulu=BBC Nature - Red panda videos, news and facts|atzessu=21 marzo 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://redpandafactss.weebly.com/about.html|tìtulu=About|atzessu=21 marzo 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita libru|sambenadu=Species Survival Commission|tìtulu=Racoons and their Relatives|url=https://archive.org/details/raccoonstheirrel0000ston|annu=1995|editore=IUCN - The World Conservation Union|pp=4|ISBN=2-8317-0051-5}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.mdbg.net/chindict/chindict.php?page=worddict&wdrst=1&wdqb=%E7%81%AB%E7%8B%90|tìtulu=火狐|editore=MDBG Chinese-English Dictionary}}</ref> Su primu nòmine seberadu fiat "Phoenix" (''fenitze'', in [[Limba latina|latinu]] e [[Limba inglesa|inglesu]]), pro simbulegiare sa nàschida noa dae su chinisu de Netscape. Custu nòmine s'est dèpidu cambiare ca ddoe fiat fintzas sa Phoenix Technologies, azienda produtora de BIOS.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.ibphoenix.com/main.nfs?a=ibphoenix&page=ibp_Mozilla0|tìtulu=Mozilla browser becomes Firebird|data=14 settembre 2007|atzessu=21 marzo 2017|dataarchìviu=2007-09-14|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20070914035447/http://www.ibphoenix.com/main.nfs?a=ibphoenix&page=ibp_Mozilla0|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> Su nòmine seberadu fiat istadu insandus "Firebird", ma ddoe fiat sa base de datos Firebird SQL. Su nòmine est essidu in fines "Firefox".<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://news.cnet.com/2100-1032_3-1000146.html|tìtulu=Mozilla's Firebird gets wings clipped - CNET News|data=12 agosto 2012|atzessu=21 marzo 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita noas|limba=en|url=https://www.geek.com/news/firebird-becomes-firefox-555119/|tìtulu=Firebird becomes Firefox - Geek.com|publicatzione=Geek.com|data=11 febbraio 2004|atzessu=21 marzo 2017|dataarchìviu=2017-07-05|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705011302/https://www.geek.com/news/firebird-becomes-firefox-555119/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/70221/|tìtulu=Mozilla Firebird becomes Firefox [LWN.net]|atzessu=21 marzo 2017}}</ref> A pustis Mozilla at seberadu "Minefield" comente a nòmine pro totu is versiones alpha, pre-alpha, noturnas e pre-noturnas de Firefox. Dae s'isvilupu de sa versione 5, is nòmines seberados pro inditare is versiones de isvilupu sunt "Nightly", pro identificare is versiones alpha e pre-alpha, e "Aurora" pro is pre-beta. Su 3 de su mese de idas [[2010]], Mozilla Foundation at annuntziadu de àere adotadu duas fèminas de catzutzu de panda ruju, nàschidos su 14 de làmpadas passadu in su zoo de [[Knoxville (Tennessee)|Knoxville]], in [[Tennessee]].<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://blog.mozilla.com/blog/2010/12/03/meet-the-newest-and-cutest-mozillians/|tìtulu=Meet the Newest (and Cutest) Mozillians|atzessu=21 marzo 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita noas|url=http://techland.time.com/2010/12/06/mozilla-firefox-adopts-firefoxes-well-actually-red-pandas/|tìtulu=Mozilla Firefox Adopts Firefoxes (Well, Actually Red Pandas)|publicatzione=Time|atzessu=21 marzo 2017}}</ref> === Sa chistione de su logu === Segundu Jon Hicks, autore de su logu de Mozilla Firefox, su panda ruju no evocaiat però sa immàgine giusta, e s'est ispiradu duncas a una pintura giaponesa chi figuraiat unu [[Mrexani|margiane]].<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://hicksdesign.co.uk/journal/branding-firefox|tìtulu=branding firefox {{!}} Hicks Journal|atzessu=21 marzo 2017}}</ref> == Piessìnnios == A diferèntzia de su pretzedente prodùidu de punta de Mozilla Foundation, Mozilla Suite, Firefox no est un'agrupamentu de aplicatziones, ma unu navigadore web. Sa filosofia progetuale punnat a sa fatzilidade de impreu, a s'istabilidade, a sa personalizatzione, a su respetu de is standard web, a sa seguridade, a sa cumpatesa e a sa lestresa. S'aspetu gràficu podet èssere cambiadu pro mèdiu de temas o is ''personas'', chi modìficant su fundu de su navigadore. In Firefox est in prus possìbile impostare s'abertura de prus pàginas printzipales, cunfigurende is giassos disigiados separados cun sa barra verticale "|". Pro visualizare is pàginas web, Firefox isfrutat Quantum comente a motore de rèndida, chi suportat parte manna de is standard web, in prus de unos cantu piessìnnios progetados comente a estensione issoro. Firefox est istadu progetadu comente a produtu multiprataforma, e est a disponimentu pro sistemas [[Linux|GNU/Linux]], [[Microsoft Windows]], [[Mac OS X|macOS]], [[OS/2]] e [[Solaris]]. Firefox cumpartzit cun sa Mozilla Suite s'intreu còdighe de orìgine, in prus de sa natura de programma lìberu. Firefox est nàschidu in su cabudanni [[2002]] comente a esperimentu internu de su grupu de isvilupu de Mozilla. A cussu tempus, cun su progetu ancora finantziadu dae sa [[Netscape Communication Corporation]], s'autonomia detzisionale de is programmadores in contu de is sèberos de fundu de su progetu fiat in calicunu modu limitada e non fiat inusuale chi si chircaret una libertade prus manna de atzione in progetos minores no ufitziales. Dave Hyatt (immoe responsàbile de su navigadore Safari) e Blake Ross aiant dadu duncas vida a Firefox comente a esperimentu de usabilidade e pro ammustrare comente si poderet adotare un'acostamentu diferente in sa produtzione de unu navigadore de Mozilla. Intre is piessìnnios suos, ddoe sunt unu filtru integradu contra a is ventanas a cumparsa (popup), su suportu pro sa comunicatzione segura SSL/TLS, sa funtzione de navigatzione a ischedas pro sa navigatzione cuntemporànea in prus giassos, s'iscarrigamentu in donu e sa lebiesa de s'[[Archìviu (informàtica)|archìviu]] de installatzione (prus pagu de 14 megabyte pro sa versione pro Windows). Firefox suportat is <nowiki><i>plug-in</i></nowiki> de Netscape e de Mozilla Suite e in prus est basadu a subra de un'istrutura modulare chi permitit de agiùnghere funtzionalidades noas pro mèdiu de s'impreu de estensiones, programmas pagu pesosos chi s'iscàrrigant e s'integrant in Firefox. Is estensiones modìficant o agiunghent funtzionalidades chi pertocant, pro esempru, s'aspetu, sa seguresa, su manìgiu de is documentos, sa visualizatzione de noas e de notìficas, s'integratzione cun is retes sotziales, su manìgiu de is ischedas e s'isvilupu web. === Trastos de isvilupu web === Firefox ìntegrat una sèrie de trastos de isvilupu web: est dotadu difatis de una ''console web'', de unu ''debugger'', de unu trastu pro s'anàlisi de is pàginas e de unu gestore de istile. Àteros sunt a disponimentu comente estensiones. === Prataforma de isvilupu === Un'àteru obietivu de Mozilla Suite, e de Firefox, est su de tènnere una prataforma de isvilupu flessìbile meda pro creare interfaches de impitadore in manera lestra. S'architetura de is aplicatziones, difatis, est basada a subra de standard comente CSS, RDF e JavaScript. In prus, sunt istados creados limbàgios de marcadore ispetzìficos comente a XML User Interface Language (XUL). In custa manera, su còdighe de orìgine de Firefox no est lìberu isceti, ma sa matessi istrutura de su produtu podet èssere a discansu cunfigurada segundu is bisòngios pròpios; pro mèdiu de is trastos postos a disponimentu est difatis possìbile creare estensiones chi faghet a integrare a discansu in su navigadore. === Estensiones === Is estensiones pro Mozilla Firefox faghet a ddas iscarrigare dae su [https://addons.mozilla.org/it/firefox giassu ufitziale], opuru dae unu menù integradu in su navigadore. === Limbas === A die de abrile [[2023]], Firefox est a disponimentu in prus de 90 limbas<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.mozilla.org/it/firefox/all/|tìtulu=Scarica il browser Firefox in italiano e più di altre 90 lingue|situ=web.archive.org|data=2023-04-27|limba=it|atzessu=2023-04-29|dataarchìviu=2023-04-27|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20230427000711/https://www.mozilla.org/it/firefox/all/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. Sa tradutzione in [[limba sarda]] est istada publicada in su mese de martzu de su 2023<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.istorias.it/17/03/2023/8158/firefox-como-su-navigadore-web-faeddat-sardu/|tìtulu=Firefox, como su navigadore web faeddat sardu|autore=Mauro Loddo|situ=Istorias|data=2023-03-17|atzessu=2023-04-29|dataarchìviu=2023-03-26|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326171907/https://www.istorias.it/17/03/2023/8158/firefox-como-su-navigadore-web-faeddat-sardu/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. == Firefox in aparatos mòbiles == {{Immàgine dòpia|destra|Firefox_50.0_homepage.png|203|Firefox_for_iOS.png|172|Firefox pro Android|Firefox pro iOS}}In s'incomintzu a sa versione pro dispositivos mòbiles ddi naraiant "Fennec"; a oe, a is duas versiones pro aparatos mòbiles ddi narant Firefox pro Android e Firefox pro iOS. Sa prima versione dd'ant publicada su 28 de ghennàrgiu [[2010]], cumpatìbile cun dispositivos Nokia Maemo. Una segunda versione (numerada 4.0 pro uniformidade cun sa versione de iscrivania) dd'ant publicada su 29 de martzu [[2011]], e est essida cumpatìbile fintzas cun su sistema operativu [[Android]]. Su 12 de onniasantu [[2015]] ant publicadu una versione cumpatìbile cun aparatos iOS.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://blog.mozilla.org/mobile/2016/03/04/firefox-for-ios-powered-by-feedback/|tìtulu=Firefox for iOS – Powered by Feedback|atzessu=19 marzo 2017}}</ref> == ''Extended Support Release'' == Firefox ''Extended Support Release'', abbreviadu ESR, est una versione de Firefox pro aziendas e organizatziones chi ddis faghet bisòngiu unu suportu estèndidu. Ònnia publicatzione est basada a subra de sa versione regulare ma, a diferèntzia de custa, su tziclu de suportu tenet sa durada de un'annu. Custa versione in prus no includet nen funtzionalidades noas nen megioros de prestatziones (publicados onni ses chidas), ma petzi annoamentos chi risolvent vulnerabilidades graes e perigulosas.<ref>{{Tzita web |url=https://www.tomshw.it/mozilla-firefox-esr-browser-lunga-conservazione-37645 |tìtulu=Mozilla Firefox ESR: il browser a lunga conservazione |atzessu=2023-04-29 |dataarchìviu=2017-08-21 |urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821045643/https://www.tomshw.it/mozilla-firefox-esr-browser-lunga-conservazione-37645 |urlmortu=eja }}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/organizations/faq/|tìtulu=ESR Overview|atzessu=25 agosto 2017}}</ref> == ''Spread Firefox'' == [[File:Firefox_open_standards_buttons.jpg|left|thumb|Agùgias "Please don't hurt the web. Use open standards"]] ''Spread Firefox'' (ispàina Firefox), fintzas abbreviadu in SFX, fiat unu giassu web<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.spreadfirefox.com/|tìtulu=Spread Firefox|atzessu=2023-04-29|dataarchìviu=2004-10-16|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20041016074722/http://www.spreadfirefox.com/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> chi teniat sa punna de fàghere connòschere Mozilla Firefox intre is impitadores de sa retza. Is cumponentes de s'iscuadra de su giassu fiant Blake Ross, cofundadore de su progetu Firefox, Asa Dotzler, Rafael Ebron, Ian Hayward e Jamey Boje. In su primu tempus su giassu, in prus de acasagiare noas e blog, fiat dotadu, in sa pàgina printzipale, de unu contadore chi inditaiat, in manera aprossimativa, su nùmeru de is iscarrigamentos de su navigadore. In làmpadas de su [[2004]] su giassu at sufridu unu primu atacu informàticu e dd'ant torradu a corfire in su mese de ledàmene, cando su navigadore fiat arribbende a 100 milliones de iscarrigadas. Sa chida a pustis a superadu cuddu traguardu.<ref>[https://www.mozilla.org/press/mozilla-2005-10-19.html Mozilla news 19-10-2005]</ref> In su mese de idas de su 2004 SpreadFirefox at creadu Firefox Flicks, unu giassu chi colliat vìdeos publitzitàrios de Firefox realizados dae is impitadores e poniat in pàliu prèmios, chi fiant assinniados a is binchidores de su cuncursu dae un'apòsita giuria.<ref>{{Tzita web |url=http://www.firefoxflicks.com/prizes/prizes-sponsors.html |tìtulu=Prizes Sponsors |atzessu=2023-04-29 |dataarchìviu=2011-10-14 |urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20111014102555/http://www.firefoxflicks.com/prizes/prizes-sponsors.html |urlmortu=eja }}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web |url=http://www.firefoxflicks.com/judges/index.php |tìtulu=Assegnazione premi SpreadFirefox |atzessu=2023-04-29 |dataarchìviu=2011-11-18 |urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118212322/http://www.firefoxflicks.com/judges/index.php |urlmortu=eja }}</ref> Su cuncursu est esistidu dae su 21 de su mese de idas 2004 a su 14 abrile [[2004|2005]]. Is binchidores de su cuncursu sunt istados annuntziados su 27 abrile [[2006]].<ref>[https://www.mozilla.com/press/mozilla-2006-04-27.html Vincitori del Firefox Flicks contest]</ref> Su progetu Spread Firefox est istadu serradu in su maju de su [[2011]]<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://wiki.mozilla.org/Websites/Spread_Firefox|tìtulu=Websites/Spread Firefox - MozillaWiki|situ=wiki.mozilla.org|limba=en|atzessu=2023-04-29}}</ref>. == Progetos == === Progetos derivados === AOL (''Amèrica On Line''), azienda chi finas a su 2005 finantziaiat su progetu Mozilla, at annuntziadu chi s'ùrtima versione de Netscape Navigator, presentada su 19 maju [[2005]] cun su nùmene de Netscape 8, impreat su còdighe de Firefox comente a fundamentu. Flock fiat unu navigadore pro manigiare cuntènnidos de Retza sotziale in manera semplificada, de su totu basadu a subra de Firefox. Is isvilupadores de Debian GNU/Linux, non cumpartzende is sèberos de s'iscuadra de Mozilla chi ponent restritziones a subra de su nòmine e de su logu de is programmas (mancari totu su còdighe siat abertu), ant detzìdidu de creare unu fork de sa colletzione intrea de programmas. A Firefox dd'ant postu Iceweasel, e cun custu nòmine est disponìbile me is repository de Debian. Partende dae Debian Stretch, Mozilla Firefox torrat a èssere disponìbile me is repository ufitziales.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://wiki.debian.org/it/Firefox|tìtulu=it/Firefox - Debian Wiki|atzessu=7 gennaio 2017}}</ref> Iceweasel fiat fintzas su nòmine ufitziale de su navigadore de su [[GNU|Progetu GNU]]. Fiat cussu puru unu fork de Firefox, cun sa diferèntzia chi non bolet cumponentes agiuntivos non lìberos (pro esempru, impreaiat Gnash in logu de Adobe Flash Player). Custu navigadore at cambiadu nòmine in GNU IceCat pro non ddu confùndere cun su navigadore de Debian. === Progetos collegados === Ddoe sunt vàrios progetos collegados cun Firefox. Su primu est Mozilla Thunderbird, unu cliente de [[posta eletrònica]] e grupos de resonu. Ddoe fiant in prus Mozilla Sunbird, un'aplicatzione pro manigiare calendàrios e Camino, unu navigadore progetadu pro [[Mac OS X]]. In su 2013 est istadu presentadu unu [[telefoneddu]] cun su sistema operativu Firefox OS.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.mozilla.org/it/firefox/os/?sample_rate=0.1&snippet_name=4220|tìtulu=Firefox OS — Lo smartphone versatile — Un telefono ricco di funzioni, app e molto altro — Mozilla|atzessu=2022-06-23}}</ref> == S'ispainadura de Firefox == [[File:Usage_share_of_web_browsers_(Source_StatCounter).svg|thumb|Cunfrontu de sa difusione de vàrios navigadores (datos de StatCounter)]] * Su 20 de su mese de idas [[2004]], a pagu prus de unu mese de sa publicatzione, sunt istadas iscarrigadas prus de 12 milliones de còpias de custa versione de su programma. * Su 15 freàrgiu [[2005]], a 99 dies dae su làntziu, Firefox 1.0 est istadu iscarrigadu 25 000 000 bortas. * Su 14 abrile 2005, Firefox at cròmpidu sa cuota rècord de 44 953 258 iscarrigamentos. * Su 29 abrile 2005, Firefox est istadu iscarrigadu dae 50 000 000 de impitadores. Su matessi die, su giassu istatìsticu americanu OneStat faghet ischire chi Firefox at cròmpidu su 8,69% de is preferos.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.onestat.com/html/aboutus_pressbox37.html|tìtulu=Onestat - Firefefox news 29-4-2005|atzessu=16 aprile 2006|dataarchìviu=2021-01-26|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126095725/http://www.onestat.com/html/aboutus_pressbox37.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * Su 10 maju 2005, WebSideStory comùnicat chi, a su 29 abrile, Firefox at cròmpidu su 22,58% de cuota de mercadu in Germània e s'acostat a su 7% me is [[Istados Unidos]]. * Su 14 maju 2005, Firefox passadu is 55 000 000 iscarrigamentos. * Su 30 maju 2005, Firefox at passafu sa cuota de 60 000 000 iscarrigamentos. * Su 29 de làmpadas 2005, su giassu ADTech.de pùblicat sa noa de su passàgiu de sa cuota de mercadu de su 10% in [[Europa]]. Su picu màssimu resultat in [[Finlàndia]] cun su 23%, e unu 19% s'est registradu in [[Germania|Germània]]. * Su 13 de argiolas 2005 Firefox superat is 70 000 000 iscarrigamentos. * Su 19 de du mese de ledàmene 2005 Firefox at cròmpidu is 100 milliones de iscarrigamentos. * Su 2 de onniasantu 2005 OneStat decrarat chi Firefox at cròmpidu una cuota de mercadu pari a su 11,51%. Internèt Explorer, mancari in calu, detenet su 85,45%, Safari su 1,75%, Òpera su 0,77% e Netscape su 0,26%. * Su 31 de ghennàrgiu 2006, OneStat.com comùnicat una cuota de su 11,23%, in calu de 0,28% dae sa rilevada pretzedente de sa onniasantu [[2006|2005]]. * In abrile 2006 segundu Xiti Firefox s'agiùdicat, in Europa, una cuota de su 19,4% * In argiolas 2006 segundu Xiti Firefox s'agiùdicat, in Europa, una cuota de su 21,1% * Su 4 de austu 2006 segundu Xiti, Firefox resurtat iscarrigadu 200 milliones de bortas. * Su 24 de su mese de ledàmene 2006, data de publicatzione de Firefox 2.0, su navigadore est istadu iscarrigadu dae 2 milliones de persones in 24 oras. * Su 10 de cabudanni [[2007]] sa Mozilla foundation at annuntziadu chi su programa est istadu iscarrigadu 400 milliones de bortas.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://punto-informatico.it/p.aspx?i=2060893|tìtulu=400 milioni di volte Firefox|editore=Punto Informatico|data=10 settembre 2007|atzessu=10 settembre 2007}}</ref> * Su 29 de ghennàrgiu [[2008]] Xiti decrarat chi Firefox at cròmpidu una cuota de mercadu in Europa a giru de su 28% * Su 30 abrile 2008 Xiti rilevat chi sa cuota de mercadu de Firefox in Europa arribat a su 28,8% * Su 18 làmpadas 2008 Firefox 3 passat sa cuota 8 milliones de download in prus pagu de 24 oras. * Su 3 freàrgiu 2009 Net Applications rilevat chi sa pertzentuale de impreu de Firefox in su mundu in ghennàrgiu [[2009]] est de su 21,5%, contra su 67,5 de Internèt Explorer, su 8,29% de Safari e su nou Google Chrome chi conchistat 1,2%.<ref>[http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/SoleOnLine4/Tecnologia%20e%20Business/2009/02/microsoft-internet-explorer-market-share.shtml?uuid=4667944e-f211-11dd-ba33-8852ec7bfa32&DocRulesView=Libero&widget=yes Il Sole 24 Ore - Internet Explorer per la prima volta sotto quota 70 per cento]</ref> * In s'agabbu de freàrgiu Net Applications at riveladu is sighentes pertzentuales: IE 67,44%, Firefox 21,77%, Safari a inghìriu de su 8% e Google Chrome pagu prus de su 1%.<ref>{{Tzita web |url=http://www.ilsoftware.it/articoli.asp?id=5060 |tìtulu=IlSoftware.it - Grande interesse per Windows 7, si conferma l'iPhone |atzessu=2023-04-29 |dataarchìviu=2011-07-17 |urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717213614/http://www.ilsoftware.it/articoli.asp?id=5060 |urlmortu=eja }}</ref> * Su 31 martzu 2009 Firefox 3 passat Internèt Explorer 7 in Europa, fintzas pro more de sa pubblicatzione de Internèt Explorer 8<ref>[http://gs.statcounter.com/press/firefox-3-becomes-most-popular-web-browser-in-europe-for-first-time/ Firefox 3.0 Becomes Most Popular Web Browser in Europe for First Time]</ref>. * Segundu StatCounter, su 1 de su mese de idas 2009 Firefox tenet in Europa un'ispainadura paris a su 39,64%, mentras Internèt Explorer tenet su 46,54%.<ref>[http://gs.statcounter.com/about StatCounter Global Stats]</ref> Google Chrome su 4,66%, sighidu dae Òpera (4,35%) e dae Safari (3,64%).<ref>[http://gs.statcounter.com/#browser-eu-daily-20091201-20091201-bar Diffusione dei browser in Europa al 1º dicembre 2009]</ref> In totu su mundu, semper su 1 de mese de idas 2009, Internèt Explorer tenet su 56,92% de su totale, mentras Firefox su 31,5%, sighidu dae Google Chrome (4,93%), Safari (3,75%) e Òpera (1,95%).<ref>[http://gs.statcounter.com/#browser-ww-daily-20090601-20090601-bar Diffusione mondiale dei browser al 1º dicembre 2009]</ref> * In su mese de idas 2010, s'impreu de Firefox passat su de Internet Explorer in [[Europa]]<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.nonsolomac.com/software-3/browser/firefox-in-calo-sorpassa-internet-explorer.html|tìtulu=StatCounter - Classifiche dei primi 5 browser in USA, EUROPA e ITALIA {{!}} NONSOLOMAC|data=2011-01-10|limba=it-IT|atzessu=2023-04-29}}</ref>. * In abrile [[2011]], Internèt Explorer perdet àteras cuotas de mercadu, arribbende a su 55,11%. Firefox est segundu cun su 21,63%, in calu lèbiu cumparadu a su mese pretzedente. Chrome lompet a su 11,94% e creschet de unu mesu puntu pertzentuale cumparadu cun martzu. Fintzas Safari est in crèschida, cun su 7,15% de su mercadu. Òpera abarrat istàbile cun su 2,14%.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://www.tomshw.it/cont/news/chrome-safari-windows-7-e-ios-sempre-piu-usati/31123/1.html|tìtulu=Chrome, Safari, Windows 7 e iOS sempre più usati|atzessu=6 maggio 2011|dataarchìviu=2011-05-05|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505060822/http://www.tomshw.it/cont/news/chrome-safari-windows-7-e-ios-sempre-piu-usati/31123/1.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> == Prèmios e reconnoschimentos == * Guinness World Rècord, argiolas 2008 * Webware 100 winner, abrile 2008<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = http://www.webware.com/8301-13546_109-9913314-29.html | 2 = Webware 100 Award Winner Firefox | 3 = 25 aprile 2008 | dataarchìviu = 2008-05-11 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20080511152117/http://www.webware.com/8301-13546_109-9913314-29.html | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * Webware 100 winner, làmpadas 2007<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = http://www.webware.com/8301-13546_109-9729691-29.html | 2 = Webware 100 Award Winner Firefox | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2007-07-12 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20070712013214/http://www.webware.com//8301-13546_109-9729691-29.html | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * PC World 100 Best Products of 2007, maju 2007<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = https://www.pcworld.com/article/id,131935-page,5-c,systems/article.html | 2 = The 100 Best Products of 2007 | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2008-06-11 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20080611074450/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,131935-page,5-c,systems/article.html | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * PC Magazine Editors' Choice, mese de ledàmene 2006<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2047445,00.asp | 2 = Firefox 2.0 Review | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2007-12-14 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20071214204107/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2047445,00.asp | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * CNET Editors' Choice, ledàmene 2006<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = http://reviews.cnet.com/browsers/firefox-2/4505-3514_7-32126746.html | 2 = Firefox 2 CNET Editor's Review | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2014-02-19 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20140219081305/http://reviews.cnet.com/browsers/firefox-2/4505-3514_7-32126746.html | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * ''Digital Lifestyle'' award, Berlinu, cabudanni 2006 * PC World's 100 Best Products of 2006, argiolas 2006<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = https://www.pcworld.com/article/id,125706-page,13/article.html | 2 = The 100 Best Products of 2006 | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2008-07-26 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20080726091940/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,125706-page,13/article.html | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * ''Lutèce d'or'' for best OpenSource project, Parigi, làmpadas 2006 * PC Magazine Technical Excellence Award, Software and Development Tools category, ghennàrgiu 2006<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,1903598,00.asp | 2 = Mozilla Firefox & Altiris SVS | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2007-10-07 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20071007030452/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,1903598,00.asp | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * PC Magazine Best of the Year Award, 27 de su mese de idas 2005<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2704,1898240,00.asp | 2 = Best of the Year, Software: Home, Firefox | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2007-11-12 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20071112023023/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2704,1898240,00.asp | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * PC Pro Real World Award (Mozilla Foundation), Londra, 8 idas 2005<ref>{{Tzita web|http://www.pcpro.co.uk/news/81155/pc-pro-awards-2005-the-winners.html|PC Pro Awards 2005 - the winners|22 ottobre 2007}}</ref> * CNET Editors' Choice, onniasantu 2005<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://reviews.cnet.com/browsers/firefox-1-5/4505-3514_7-31516411.html?tag=prod|tìtulu=Firefox 1.5, CNET editors' review|atzessu=22 ottobre 2007|dataarchìviu=2019-10-16|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016175031/https://www.cnet.com/reviews/firefox-1-5-review/|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * UK Usability Professionals' Association Award Best Software Application 2005, onniasantu 2005<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = http://www.usabilitynews.com/news/article2786.asp | 2 = First UK UPA Awards commend Firefox, Flickr, Google, Apple, John Lewis and BA | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2010-01-25 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20100125054917/http://www.usabilitynews.com/news/article2786.asp | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * Macworld Editore's Choice with a 4.5 Mice Rating, onniasantu 2005<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = https://www.macworld.com/2005/09/reviews/browserrdp/index.php | 2 = Web browser roundup | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2008-08-30 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20080830004903/http://www.macworld.com/2005/09/reviews/browserrdp/index.php | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * Softpedia User's Choice Award, cabudanni 2005<ref>{{Tzita web|http://news.softpedia.com/news/Firefox-Receives-the-Softpedia-User-s-Choice-Award-8221.shtml|Firefox Receives Softpedia User's Choice Award|22 ottobre 2007}}</ref> * TUX 2005 Readers' Choice Award, cabudanni 2005<ref>{{Tzita web | 1 = http://www.tuxmagazine.com/node/1000151 | 2 = UX 2005 Readers' Choice Award Winners Announced | 3 = 22 ottobre 2007 | dataarchìviu = 2012-05-23 | urlarchìviu = https://web.archive.org/web/20120523155244/http://www.tuxmagazine.com/node/1000151 | urlmortu = eja }}</ref> * PC World Product of the Year, làmpadas 2005<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/id,120763-page,1/article.html?findid=48080|tìtulu=The 100 Best Products of 2005|atzessu=22 ottobre 2007|dataarchìviu=2008-05-23|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523144040/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,120763-page,1/article.html?findid=48080|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> * Forbes Best of the Web, maju 2005 * PC Magazine Editore's Choice Award, maju 2005 * Titan of the Year for best Open Source project, PC-Welt Editorial Staff Award 2005 * Best Internèt Tool, PC-Welt Readers Choice Award 2005 == Riferimentos == <references responsive="0" />{{Controllu de autoridade}} {{Artìculu de su mese|abrile|2024}} [[Categoria:Informàtica]] 30h5riwch2mm7kqmd1qy7cw83wlhumg 1 22315 190022 187861 2026-05-16T01:39:17Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190022 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Abrile 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 11 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Mozilla Firefox]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180276 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20070914035447/http://www.ibphoenix.com/main.nfs?a=ibphoenix&page=ibp_Mozilla0 annantu a http://www.ibphoenix.com/main.nfs?a=ibphoenix&page=ibp_Mozilla0 *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20170705011302/https://www.geek.com/news/firebird-becomes-firefox-555119/ annantu a https://www.geek.com/news/firebird-becomes-firefox-555119/ *Formatatzione acontzada/impreu acontzadu pro https://www.mozilla.org/it/firefox/all/ *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20041016074722/http://www.spreadfirefox.com/ annantu a http://www.spreadfirefox.com/ *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20210126095725/http://www.onestat.com/html/aboutus_pressbox37.html annantu a http://www.onestat.com/html/aboutus_pressbox37.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20110505060822/http://www.tomshw.it/cont/news/chrome-safari-windows-7-e-ios-sempre-piu-usati/31123/1.html annantu a http://www.tomshw.it/cont/news/chrome-safari-windows-7-e-ios-sempre-piu-usati/31123/1.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20070712013214/http://www.webware.com//8301-13546_109-9729691-29.html annantu a http://www.webware.com/8301-13546_109-9729691-29.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20071214204107/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2047445,00.asp annantu a http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2047445,00.asp *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20071007030452/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,1903598,00.asp annantu a http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,1903598,00.asp *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20071112023023/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2704,1898240,00.asp annantu a http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2704,1898240,00.asp *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20100125054917/http://www.usabilitynews.com/news/article2786.asp annantu a http://www.usabilitynews.com/news/article2786.asp . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 00:19, 30 Abr 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Mozilla Firefox]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180281 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20080511152117/http://www.webware.com/8301-13546_109-9913314-29.html annantu a http://www.webware.com/8301-13546_109-9913314-29.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 08:27, 1 Maj 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2023) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 8 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Mozilla Firefox]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=180287 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20170821045643/https://www.tomshw.it/mozilla-firefox-esr-browser-lunga-conservazione-37645 annantu a https://www.tomshw.it/mozilla-firefox-esr-browser-lunga-conservazione-37645 *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20111014102555/http://www.firefoxflicks.com/prizes/prizes-sponsors.html annantu a http://www.firefoxflicks.com/prizes/prizes-sponsors.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20111118212322/http://www.firefoxflicks.com/judges/index.php annantu a http://www.firefoxflicks.com/judges/index.php *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20110717213614/http://www.ilsoftware.it/articoli.asp?id=5060 annantu a http://www.ilsoftware.it/articoli.asp?id=5060 *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20080611074450/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,131935-page,5-c,systems/article.html annantu a https://www.pcworld.com/article/id,131935-page,5-c,systems/article.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20080726091940/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,125706-page,13/article.html annantu a https://www.pcworld.com/article/id,125706-page,13/article.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20080830004903/http://www.macworld.com/2005/09/reviews/browserrdp/index.php annantu a https://www.macworld.com/2005/09/reviews/browserrdp/index.php *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20080523144040/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,120763-page,1/article.html?findid=48080 annantu a https://www.pcworld.com/article/id,120763-page,1/article.html?findid=48080 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 04:33, 3 Maj 2023 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Ghennàrgiu 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Mozilla Firefox]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=182976 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20110126180230/http://blog.seattlepi.com/microsoft/archives/188906.asp?from=blog_last3 annantu a http://blog.seattlepi.com/microsoft/archives/188906.asp?from=blog_last3 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 14:08, 25 Ghe 2024 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Freàrgiu 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Mozilla Firefox]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=183131 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20120523155244/http://www.tuxmagazine.com/node/1000151 annantu a http://www.tuxmagazine.com/node/1000151 . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:25, 17 Fre 2024 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Nadale 2024) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 2 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Mozilla Firefox]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=185400 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20140219081305/http://reviews.cnet.com/browsers/firefox-2/4505-3514_7-32126746.html annantu a http://reviews.cnet.com/browsers/firefox-2/4505-3514_7-32126746.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20191016175031/https://www.cnet.com/reviews/firefox-1-5-review/ annantu a http://reviews.cnet.com/browsers/firefox-1-5/4505-3514_7-31516411.html?tag=prod . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 01:06, 25 Nad 2024 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Nadale 2025) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Mozilla Firefox]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=187860 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20230326171907/https://www.istorias.it/17/03/2023/8158/firefox-como-su-navigadore-web-faeddat-sardu/ annantu a https://www.istorias.it/17/03/2023/8158/firefox-como-su-navigadore-web-faeddat-sardu/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 11:41, 29 Nad 2025 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Mozilla Firefox]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190021 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20100724023833/https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 03:39, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) 6rl61f505hwf90ignu0kzpvcqumpgx5 0 22846 190030 189981 2026-05-16T02:40:26Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 2 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{Programma}} '''TRIX''' est unu [[sistema operativu]] de chirca orientadu a sa retza isvilupadu a sa fine de is annos 1970 in su Laboratòriu de Informàtica de su MIT dae su professore Steve Ward e su grupu suo de chirca. Funtzionaiat in un'elaboradore [[NuMachine]] e su [[Sistema operativu#Nùcleu|nùcleu]] suo incluiat sa funtzione de tzerriada de protzedura remota, ma in su restu fiat unu sistema chi si simigiaiat a [[UNIX|Unix]] Versione 7. == Progetu e posta in òpera == Aviende·si, sa NuMachine carrigaiat su matessi programma in cada [[Micro-protzessore|CPU]] de su sistema, passende a cada istàntzia s'ID numèrica de sa CPU in ue fiat in esecutzione. TRIX gràtzias a custu cumportamentu podiat fàghere a manera chi sa primu CPU assetiaret is istruturas de datos globales e in fines impostare una variàbile pro nàrrere chi is operatziones initziales fiant fatas.<ref name="Multiple Processor Implementation"/> A pustis de custu, cada istantza de su nùcleu teniat atzessu a is datos globales.<ref name="Multiple Processor Implementation" /> Su sistema fruniat fintzas suportu pro datos privados a cada CPU.<ref name="Multiple Processor Implementation" /> S'atzessu a su sistema de is archìvios ddu fruniat unu programma in s'ispàtziu de s'impitadore.<ref name="Multiple Processor Implementation" /><ref name="Communications Oriented">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/mit/trix/TRIX_A_Communications_Oriented_OS_Aug83.pdf|tìtulu=TRIX: A Communications Oriented Operating System|atzessu=2012-07-02}}</ref> Unu collidore de àliga (''garbage collector'') fatu-fatu averiguaiat e liberaiat domìnios no impreados.<ref name="Multiple Processor Implementation"/> Su mollu de memòria cumpartzida impreadu pro coordinare su traballu intre is vàrios protzessores causaiat cunflitos de bus de memòria e fiat connotu pro èssere una fonte de mala efitzèntzia.<ref name="Multiple Processor Implementation">{{Tzita web|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/mit/trix/Multiple_Proc_Impl_Of_TRIX_Sep83.pdf|tìtulu=A Multiple Processor Implementation of the TRIX Operating System|atzessu=2012-07-02}}</ref><ref name="Communications Oriented"/> Is progetistas connoschiant maneras pro arrangiare custu problema.<ref name="Communications Oriented" /> In realidade, su disinnu originale de TRIX impreaiat unu mecanismu de trasmissione de messàgios sena blocu,<ref name="Communications Oriented" /> ma "in custa solutzione sunt istados agatados problemas a s'ispissu trascurados in sa literadura",<ref name="Communications Oriented" /> comente su de ofèrrere prestatziones pòberas.<ref name="Communications Oriented" /> Mancari su sistema operativu TRIX esseret istadu postu in òpera pro sa prima borta in sa NuMachine, sa resone fiat da disponibilidade s'elaboradore in su MIT, e non pro carchi piesìnniu de s'architetura.<ref name="Multiple Processor Implementation"/> Su sistema est istadu progetadu pro èssere fàtzile a trasportare.<ref name="Communications Oriented"/> Est istadu iscritu in parte manna in C cun pagu còdighe de assembler. Sa primitiva de esclusione mùtua diat pòdere èssere portada a cale si siat architetura cun un'istrutzione atòmica ''averìgua e assètia'' (''test-and-set'').<ref name="Multiple Processor Implementation" /> == Proas de impreu in su Progetu GNU == [[Richard Stallman]] at remonadu in su Manifestu [[GNU]] de su [[1985]] chi "esistit unu printzìpiu de nùcleu" pro su sistema operativu GNU, "ma sunt netzessàrias medas àteras funtziones pro agualare Unix".<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/gnu/manifesto.html|tìtulu=The GNU Manifesto|atzessu=2010-08-05}}</ref> Custu fiat unu riferimentu a su nùcleu de TRIX, chi is autores aiant detzisu de distribuire comente a programma lìberu.<ref name="GB1-2">{{Tzita publicatzione|autore=Stallman|nùmene=Richard M.|data=January 1987|tìtulu=Status of the GNU Project|rivista=GNU's Bulletin|editore=Free Software Foundation|volume=1|nùmeru=2|atzessu=2018-05-12|url=https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull2.txt|dataarchìviu=2018-11-04|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104161406/https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull2.txt|urlmortu=eja}}</ref> In un'arresonu in su mese de ledàmene de su [[1986]], Stallman at ispricadu chi "su nùcleu TRIX funtzionat e est cumpatìbile, mancari in manera limitada, cun Unix, ma ddi faghet bisòngiu meda prus. A oe, tenet unu sistema de archìvios chi impreat sa matessi istrutura in su discu de su sistema betzu de Unix. Custu at fatu prus fàtzile a arrangiare is faddinas, ca faghiat a preparare is archìvios cun Unix, e poi a esecutare TRIX, ma cussu sistema de archìvios non tenet nissuna de is funtziones chi creo chi siant netzessàrias".<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/stallman-kth.html|tìtulu=RMS lecture at KTH|data=1986-10-30|atzessu=2018-05-12}}</ref> In su mese de idas de su 1986, is isvilupadores ant impreadu su nùcleu de TRIX comente base in sa prima proa de creare unu nùcleu pro GNU, ma su progetu at leadu in fines una diretzione diferente, ca: * custu sistema funtzionaiat isceti in "unu sistema 68000 caru e misteriosu"<ref name="GB1-2"/>, e duncas diat dèpere èssere portadu a àteras architeturas; * su progetu GNU fiat interessadu a fraigare su nùcleu comente a sistema multi-protzessu a subra de su micro-nùcleu Mach<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull8.html|tìtulu=GNU's Bulletin, vol. 1 no. 8, January, 1990|autore=Progetu GNU|limba=en|tzitatzione=We hope to use the Mach message-passing kernel being developed at CMU. [...] Should Mach not become available, then we will start the kernel with either MIT's TRIX kernel or Berkeley's Sprite system.|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull10.html|tìtulu=GNU's Bulletin, vol. 1 no. 10, January, 1991|autore=Progetu GNU|limba=en|tzitatzione=We are still interested in a multi-process kernel running on top of Mach|urlmortu=eja}}</ref>. Custu segundu tentativu s'est isvilupadu comente a [[HURD|GNU Hurd]]. == Riferimentos == <references /> == Pro nd'ischire de prus == * Ward, S.A. TRIX: unu sistema operativu orientadu a sa retza. COMPCON, Primavera de su 1980, pag. 344-349. == Ligòngios esternos == * [http://www.bitsavers.org/bits/MIT/trix.tar.gz Còdighe de orìgine de TRIX] (faghet fintzas a dd'[http://www.bitsavers.org/bits/MIT/trix/ isfogiare in lìnia]) * [https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history.html Istòria de GNU Hurd] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705152046/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history.html |date=2024-07-05 }} in su situ de su [[GNU|progetu GNU]] [[Categoria:Unix]] g7cfcexnnsly78kdvtnouvr7shzccpc 0 23469 190019 189806 2026-05-16T00:42:46Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Sarvende 1 fonte(es) e etichetende·nde 0 comente morta(as).) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}} [[File:Cotxes_arrossegats_per_la_DANA_2024_en_Catarroja.jpg|thumb|Autoveturas trisinadas dae s'abba in Catarroja]] S''''inundamentu in Ispànnia (DANA) de su 2024''' est istadu unu disacatu naturale acontèssidu a incumentzare dae su 29 de su mese de ledàmene de su [[2024]] in àreas diferentes de s'Ispànnia sud-orientale, e prus che totu in sa [[Comunidade Valenciana|Comunidade Valentziana]], in [[Castìllia-La Mancha|Castìllia-La Mancia]] e in [[Andalusia]], resurtende una de is prus catàstrofes naturales disastrosas de s'istòria de su paisu ibèricu, cun 236 vìtimas e dannos mannos meda.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ilpost.it/2024/10/31/valencia-spagna-alluvioni-disastro/|tìtulu=Uno dei più gravi disastri della storia della Spagna|data=2024-10-31|atzessu=2024-11-04}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita novas|limba=en|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/spain-floods-latest-valencia-map-rain-huelva-deaths-b2640458.html|tìtulu=Spain floods latest: Fresh weather warnings for rain and hail in Valencia as huge volunteer clean-up continues|publicatzione=The Independent|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Tzita novas|limba=en|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/nov/02/spain-floods-disaster-5000-more-troops-drafted-in-to-deal-with-aftermath|tìtulu=Spain floods: 10,000 troops and police drafted in to deal with disaster|publicatzione=The Observer|data=2024-11-02|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.itv.com/news/2024-11-01/spain-floods-rescuers-search-for-missing-as-death-toll-hits-158|tìtulu=Spain's deadliest floods in decades: Death toll reaches 205 as temporary morgue opens}}</ref><ref name="lamoncloa.gob.es">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/info-dana/Paginas/2025/020625-datos-seguimiento-actuaciones-gobierno.aspx|tìtulu=Actualización de datos del Gobierno de España|data=2025-06-02}}</ref> == Acuntessimentos == In s'istòria de [[Valentzia|Valèntzia]] si contant eventos medas de inundamentu a incumentzare dae su 1517 finas a su tempus de oe. In su [[1957]] pròidas fortes ant causadu su versamentu de su riu Turia e sa morte de a su mancu 81 persones. A pustis de custu eventu s'est deviadu su riu in sa parte sud de sa tzitade a prus de tres km dae su tretu originale.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ilpost.it/2024/10/31/valencia-spagna-alluvioni-disastro/|tìtulu=Uno dei più gravi disastri della storia della Spagna|data=2024-10-31|atzessu=2024-11-04}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita novas|limba=en|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/spain-floods-latest-valencia-map-rain-huelva-deaths-b2640458.html|tìtulu=Spain floods latest: Fresh weather warnings for rain and hail in Valencia as huge volunteer clean-up continues|publicatzione=The Independent|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref> Su 25 de ledàmene de su 2024, bator dies in antis de su cumintzu de s'inundamentu, su meteoròlogu Juan Jesús González Alemán de s'Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET) aiat ghetadu s'allarme pro una possìbile calada manna de sa temperadura chi diat àere pòdidu causare una traschia cun efetos distruidores; est istadu pro custu criticadu in sa prataforma X e unos cantos negatzionistas de su cambiamentu climàticu dd'ant acusadu de creare alarmismu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ilpost.it/2024/10/31/valencia-spagna-alluvioni-disastro/|tìtulu=Uno dei più gravi disastri della storia della Spagna|data=2024-10-31|atzessu=2024-11-04}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita novas|limba=en|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/spain-floods-latest-valencia-map-rain-huelva-deaths-b2640458.html|tìtulu=Spain floods latest: Fresh weather warnings for rain and hail in Valencia as huge volunteer clean-up continues|publicatzione=The Independent|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref> [[File:Extreme_Weather_on_the_Iberian_Peninsula_(MODIS_2024-11-01).jpg|thumb|Imàgine satellitare de sa perturbatzione]] Su 29 santugaine 2024 una ''gota fría'' (dana) at causadu aundaduras improvisas in sa parte sud-est de s'Ispànnia, interessende prus che totu sa Comunidade Valentziana<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ilpost.it/2024/10/31/valencia-spagna-alluvioni-disastro/|tìtulu=Uno dei più gravi disastri della storia della Spagna|data=2024-10-31|atzessu=2024-11-04}}</ref>. A is 6:42 s'Agencia Estatal de Meteorología at ghetadu un'alerta de colore arantzu pro sa zona sud de [[Valentzia|Valèntzia]]; a pustis de unos 20 minutos est istadu serradu su portu de sa tzitade<ref name=":1" />. A is 7:36 s'alerta est istada cambiada de colore a ruju, mentras a incumentzare dae is 10:30 is primos sucursos fiant giai intervenende in sa Ribera<ref name=":1">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.eldiario.es/comunitat-valenciana/cronologia-alerta-llego-tarde-utiel-requena-inundan-pasar-despues-rio-abajo_1_11779079.html|tìtulu=Cronología de una alerta que llegó tarde: "Cuando Utiel y Requena se inundan, se sabe lo que va a pasar después río abajo"|autore=Sergi Pitarch|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref>. A is 11:30 su canale de Chiva at inundadu de su totu sa munitzipalidade, mentras un'ora a pustis su riu Magro si fiat bessadu in su comunu de Utiel a pustis de chi fiant istados registrados 200 mm de abba<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Tzita web|url=https://www.euronews.com/2024/10/31/several-missing-in-spain-after-heavy-rain-causes-flooding|tìtulu=Spain flood death toll rises to 205 as nation braces for more rain|data=2024-10-31|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref>. In is a pustis is zonas a inghìriu de Rambla del Poyo ant pèrdidu cada tipu de telecomunicatzione e de eletritzidade e a intro de is 14:00 totu is ufìtzios sunt istados serrados e evacuados pro òrdine de s'amministratzione provintziale; a su matessi tempus deghinas de persones fiant blocadas o ispèrdidas a pustis de s'inundamentu de Utiel.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Tzita novas|limba=en|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/spain-floods-latest-valencia-map-rain-huelva-deaths-b2640458.html|tìtulu=Spain floods latest: Fresh weather warnings for rain and hail in Valencia as huge volunteer clean-up continues|publicatzione=The Independent|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.itv.com/news/2024-11-01/spain-floods-rescuers-search-for-missing-as-death-toll-hits-158|tìtulu=Spain's deadliest floods in decades: Death toll reaches 205 as temporary morgue opens}}</ref> [[File:Cotxes_arrossegats_per_la_DANA_2024_en_un_carrer_de_Catarroja_amb_fang_i_deixalles.jpg|left|thumb|Dannos de s'alluvione in Catarroja]] A merie, mancari su presidente de sa [[Comunidade Valenciana|Comunidade Valentziana]] Carlos Mazón aeret annuntziadu sa fine de s'abba (avisu a pustis arrimadu), is servìtzios de emergèntzia ant ghetadu alertas noas de iscasceddamentu de is rios Magro e Júcar<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.eldiario.es/comunitat-valenciana/mazon-borra-tuit-afirmaba-temporal-disminuiria-intensidad-18-00-horas_1_11779403.html|tìtulu=Mazón borra el tuit en el que el martes afirmaba que el temporal disminuiría de intensidad a las 18.00 horas|autore=elDiariocv|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref>. A is 18:00 si sunt registrados in Turís prus de 42 mm de abba in 10 minutos isceti, istabilende unu primadu nou in Ispànnia cun prus de 179,4 mm in un'ora<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://x.com/AEMET_CValencia/status/1852456184696946854|tìtulu=Tweet de s'AEMET|limba=es}}</ref>. A is 18:30, in s'Horta Sud, su Poyo at inundadu Torrent e àteras localidades de acanta, ochiende unas cantas persones e oblighende·nde àteras a buscare amparu in tzentros cummertziales<ref name=":1" />. A inghìriu de is 19:25 in Picanya sa fortza de s'abba nd'at isciusciadu unu ponte, mentras a is 20:11 sa Generalitat Valentziana at imbiadu messàgios de alerta a is aparatos mòbiles de is residentes de Valèntzia, invitende·ddos a abarrare in domo. Prus tardu est istadu pedidu s'interventu de s'esèrtzitu ispanniolu in is zonas corfidas dae s'alluvione, resurtende in sa prus mobilitatzione manna in tempus de paghe<ref name=":1" />. Sa situatzione est a pustis andada peorende in totu s'Horta Sud, interessende prus che totu Camp de Túria e Requena-Utiel.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.articulo14.es/espana-por-la-igualdad/comunidad-valenciana/se-confirma-la-tragedia-al-menos-13-muertos-por-la-dana-en-valencia-20241030.html|tìtulu=Se confirma la tragedia: al menos 62 muertos por la DANA en Valencia|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03|dataarchìviu=2024-11-18|urlarchìviu=https://web.archive.org/web/20241118164059/https://www.articulo14.es/espana-por-la-igualdad/comunidad-valenciana/se-confirma-la-tragedia-al-menos-13-muertos-por-la-dana-en-valencia-20241030.html|urlmortu=eja}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.levante-emv.com/opinion/2024/10/30/alarma-sono-tarde-valencia-riada-temporal-muertos-tragedia-lluvia-dana-110875320.html|tìtulu=Riada en València: La alarma sonó demasiado tarde|autore=Isabel Olmos|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref> [[File:2024-11-02_Voluntaris_per_netejar_camí_de_Sedaví_05.jpg|thumb|Bista aèrea de Sedaví su 2 santandria 2024]] [[File:Flooded_areas_around_Valencia_captured_by_Sentinel-1_ESA503180_-_Flooded_areas_and_roads_around_Valencia.jpg|thumb|Zonas inundadas a inghìriu de [[Valentzia|Valèntzia]]]] Sa matessi die àteras comunidades comente s'[[Andalusia]] e [[Castìllia-La Mancha|Castìllia-La Mancia]] sunt istadas corfidas dae traschias istraordinàrias, cun istremaduras e aundaduras chi ant causadu disacatos a caminos, a fràigos e zonas agrìculas; sa Guardia tzivile at dèpidu agiudare persones medas chi si fiant amparadas pighendi a subra de àrborespro subravìvere a su coladòrgiu de s'abba<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.elespanol.com/malaga/malaga-ciudad/20241029/estragos-temporal-malaga-causa-fuerte-tormenta-desprendimientos-inundaciones-capital/897160601_0.html|tìtulu=Los estragos del temporal en Málaga a causa de la fuerte tormenta: desprendimientos e inundaciones en la capital|data=2024-10-29|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2024-10-29/las-fuertes-lluvias-provocan-importantes-danos-en-el-ejido-y-mas-de-200-incidencias-en-el-resto-de-andalucia.html|tìtulu=Granizos como pelotas de golf en El Ejido: “Parecía el fin del mundo”|autore=Nacho Sánchez|data=2024-10-29|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/flash-floods-in-spain-leave-13-people-dead-as-british-couple-describe-mayhem-13244275|tìtulu=Spain floods: At least 95 people killed including British man near Malaga|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.abc.es/espana/andalucia/ultima-hora-alerta-lluvias-tormentas-dana-andalucia-20241030084921-dis.html|tìtulu=Última hora de la alerta roja en Almería por fuertes lluvias y tormentas, en directo: la AEMET avisa ante el riesgo de inundaciones|data=2024-11-03|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref>. Àteras zonas prus pagu interessadas sunt istadas sa [[Regione de Murcia|Mùrtzia]] e s'[[Aragona]].<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.laverdad.es/murcia/dana-sustos-danos-20241030003819-nt.html|tìtulu=Una DANA con más sustos que daños en la Región de Murcia|autore=LA VERDAD|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.elmundo.es/aragon/2024/10/30/67221613e85eced91d8b457a.html|tìtulu=La DANA irrumpe en Aragón y provoca inundaciones en varias localidades de Teruel y Zaragoza|data=2024-10-30|atzessu=2024-11-03}}</ref> == Vìtimas == A su 2 de làmpadas de su 2025, su bilantzu ufitziale definitivu de is vìtimas est de 236. De custos, 228 sunt de sa provìntzia Valentziana.<ref name="lamoncloa.gob.es"/> == Cunsighèntzias == === Econòmicas: efetu in su PIB === Segundu su guvernadore de sa Banca de Ispagna José Luis Escrivá, s'impatu econòmicu de s'alluvione de su 29 de su mese de ledàmene diat pòdere costare a su Paisu finas a 0,2 puntos de crèschida de su [[Produtu Internu Brutu|PIB]] in su de bator trimestres.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://geagency.it/breaking-news/alluvione-spagna-inondazioni-potrebbero-ridurre-crescita-pil-di-02-punti/|tìtulu=Alluvione Spagna, inondazioni potrebbero ridurre crescita Pil di 0,2 punti - Geagency|data=2024-11-20|atzessu=2024-11-22}}</ref> === Polìticas === ==== Cuntestatziones a Re Tilipu VI e su premier Sánchez ==== Su 3 de onniasantu Re Tilipu VI, durante una bìsita a Valèntzia, est istadu cuntestadu dae sa truma chi dd'at acolladu a ludu<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/mondo/europa/2024/11/03/re-felipe-contestato-sui-luoghi-delle-alluvioni_85ad4bd3-87f6-49b8-b9ce-2358283d557f.html|tìtulu=Re Felipe contestato sui luoghi delle alluvioni - Europa - Ansa.it|data=2024-11-03|atzessu=2024-11-11}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://it.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/11/03/spagna-fango-su-felipe-vi-e-letizia-i-reali-contestati-durante-visita-alle-vittime-dellall|tìtulu=Spagna, fango sui Reali: contestati dalle vittime dell'alluvione|data=2024-11-03|atzessu=2025-10-05}}</ref>, mentras su premier Pedro Sánchez est istadu corfidu cun una matza a palas.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/mondo/2024/11/03/spagna-tensione-nelle-zone-alluvionate-la-popolazione-lancia-fango-al-re-a-sanchez-e-al-governatore_e8fa8dc4-3547-4ca7-85d4-8a9e0273f95c.html|tìtulu=Fango contro Re Felipe, Sanchez colpito da un bastone, distrutti i vetri della sua auto. La folla grida 'assassini' - Notizie - Ansa.it|data=2024-11-03|atzessu=2024-11-11}}</ref> ==== Pedida de dimissiones de Carlos Mazón ==== [[File:Concentració_contra_Mazón_i_el_Partit_Popular_i_en_record_de_les_víctimes_de_la_DANA_a_València_20241107_09.jpg|thumb|Manifestada contra a Mazón e su Partidu populare in ammentu de is vìtimas de sa DANA in [[Valentzia|Valèntzia]].]] A su presidente de sa Comunidade Valentziana Carlos Mazón si cuntestat de àere leadu a pagu contu is allarmes de s'autoridade meteo natzionale, chi giai su 29 de su mese de ledàmene, cara a is 7 de mangianu avisaiat de possibilidade de eventos estremos. Isceti 11 oras a pustis, a inghìriu de is 20, cando totu sa zona fiat giai inundende·si, est arribbada a is telefoneddos de is residentes s'invitu apretosu de sa Protetzione Tzivile a non si mòvere in totu sa provìntzia.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://tg24.sky.it/mondo/2024/10/30/alluvione-valencia-spagna-polemica|tìtulu=Alluvione Spagna, è polemica sul ritardo di allerta e soccorsi|autore=Sky TG24|data=2024-11-04|atzessu=2024-11-23}}</ref> Su 9 de onniasantu, duncas, unos 130000 persones ant manifestadu in is caminos de Valèntzia pedende sa dimissione de su guvernadore, acusande·ddu de pèssima gestione de sa fase de apretu. Àteros corteos ant sighidu in tzitades medas de Ispànnia, fintzas contra su guvernu tzentrale.<ref name=":6">{{Tzita web|url=http://it.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/11/10/valencia-sale-ancora-il-bilancio-delle-vittime-oltre-130mila-in-piazza-contro-il-governo-r|tìtulu=Valencia: sale ancora il bilancio delle vittime, 130mila in piazza|data=2024-11-10|atzessu=2025-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/esteri/2024/11/09/news/alluvione_valencia_dimissioni_governatore_mazon_manifestazione-423608074/|tìtulu=La rabbia in piazza a Valencia, in decine di migliaia chiedono le dimissioni del governatore Mazón|data=2024-11-09|atzessu=2024-11-10}}</ref> Is autoridades de Valèntzia ant esclùdidu sa dimissione de su guvernu regionale, mentras sighiat a crèschere s'arrenegu pro sa risposta a su disacatu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=http://it.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/11/11/cresce-la-rabbia-per-la-risposta-alle-alluvioni-in-spagna-governo-di-valencia-esclude-dimi|tìtulu=Il governo di Valencia non si dimetterà per la risposta alle alluvioni|data=2024-11-11|atzessu=2025-10-05}}</ref> A pustis, su 15 de onniasantu de su 2024, custos at ammìtidu de àere fatu "faddinas" in sa gestione de s'apretu e s'est iscusadu, promitende de "non transire is responsabilidades suas", ma non finas a su puntu si dimìtere, reclamadas in pratza dae 130000 valentzianos e de totu is fortzas de opositzione.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/mondo/europa/2024/11/15/governatore-valencia-ho-fatto-errori-mi-scuso_dc954d47-4111-4342-932c-5ca3f4d027b4.html|tìtulu=Governatore Valencia, 'ho fatto errori, mi scuso' - Europa - Ansa.it|data=2024-11-15|atzessu=2024-11-22}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/mondo/2024/11/15/il-governatore-di-valencia-riconosce-i-suoi-errori-ma-non-si-dimette_d70812dd-f274-4747-8c4a-3df1f2524696.html|tìtulu=Il governatore di Valencia riconosce i suoi errori, ma non si dimette - Notizie - Ansa.it|data=2024-11-15|atzessu=2024-11-22}}</ref> Su 27 de onniasantu, mentras su Premier Pedro Sánchez interveniat a su Cungressu<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://stream24.ilsole24ore.com/video/italia/spagna-sanchez-annuncia-nuovo-pacchetto-aiuti-alluvionati-oltre-2-mld/AGL7RQRB|tìtulu=Spagna, Sanchez annuncia nuovo pacchetto aiuti per alluvionati da oltre 2 mld|data=2024-11-27|atzessu=2024-11-27}}</ref>, Sky News at publicadu un'inchesta subra de su manìgiu de s'apretu a banda de sas autoridades locales.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/why-were-we-not-warned-on-time-a-timeline-of-the-spanish-flood-disaster-13261188|tìtulu='We've been treated worse than animals': A timeline of the Spanish flood disaster|atzessu=2024-11-27}}</ref> [[File:Mazón_dimissió,_graffiti_al_carrer_de_Roters,_València.jpg|thumb|Grafitu chi domandat is dimissiones de Carlos Mazón ([[Valentzia|Valèntzia]])]] == Risposta == === Agiudu de su guvernu ispanniolu === Su 5 de onniasantu de su 2024 est essida sa noa chi su guvernu ispagnolu at aprovadu unu pranu de agiudos pro tzitadinos, traballadores e aziendas corfidas dae s'alluvione de 10,6 milliardos de èuro. Sa die in antis, su [[Comunidade Valenciana|presidente de sa provìntzia]], Carlos Mazón<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/topnews/2024/11/05/sanchez-106-miliardi-di-aiuti-per-gli-alluvionati_06dbb8ab-0231-4784-bb6e-625556438c44.html|tìtulu=Sánchez, 10,6 miliardi di aiuti per gli alluvionati - Ultima ora - Ansa.it|data=2024-11-05|atzessu=2024-11-23}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://ilmanifesto.it/il-piano-sanchez-undici-miliardi-per-gli-alluvionati|tìtulu=Il piano Sánchez, undici miliardi per gli alluvionati|data=2024-11-05|atzessu=2024-11-23}}</ref>, aiat domandadu unu contributu de a su mancu 34 milliardos pro parare fronte a is ispesas de fràigu nou e sustentamentu econòmicu.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://quifinanza.it/economia/valencia-aiuti-governo/862691/|tìtulu=Valencia alluvionata: la Spagna mobilita 11 miliardi, ma la regione punta a 34|data=2024-11-06|atzessu=2024-11-23}}</ref> Su 11 de onniasantu su primu ministru ispagnolu, Pedro Sánchez, at annuntziadu unu pachete nou de agiudos de su valore de agumai 3,8 milliardos de èuro.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.meteoweb.eu/2024/11/alluvione-spagna-nuovo-pacchetto-aiuti/1001687727/|tìtulu=Alluvione Spagna, arriva un nuovo pacchetto di aiuti: l'annuncio del primo ministro|autore=Stefano Vitetta|data=2024-11-11|atzessu=2024-11-23}}</ref><ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.lapresse.it/esteri/2024/11/11/alluvione-valencia-sanchez-stanziati-oltre-3-miliardi-e-mezzo-di-euro-per-lemergenza/|tìtulu=Alluvione Valencia, Sanchez: "Stanziati oltre 3 miliardi e mezzo di euro per l'emergenza" - LaPresse|data=2024-11-11|atzessu=2024-11-23}}</ref> Su 4 de ghennàrgiu de su 2025 est essida sa noa chi su guvernu ispanniolu s'at fàghere càrrigu de su 100% de s'ispesa pro su fràigu de is edifìtzios e is infrastruturas pùblicas in is prus de 70 comunos corfidos.<ref>{{Tzita web|url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/ita/madrid-pagher%C3%A0-ricostruzione-dei-danni-dell'alluvione-a-valencia/88675347|tìtulu=Madrid pagherà ricostruzione dei danni dell'alluvione a Valencia|autore=S. W. I. swissinfo.ch|data=2025-01-04|atzessu=2025-10-05}}</ref> == Riferimentos == <references /> [[Categoria:Ispagna]] 7d3w8y02itq9aqubkrmjxahuktukhih 1 23471 190020 189808 2026-05-16T00:42:47Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190020 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ispànnia = Ispagna == Saludi a totus. Aberru s'arraxonada ca in Wikipedia no si faint gherras de càmbius. Teneus s'arrègula chi sa grafia de is àterus impitadoris, a su mancu candu no est una faddina crara, no si càmbiat. Sa LSC amitit (a dolu mannu) siat su grafema GN siat su càmbiu cun NNI, a foras de "Sardigna" chi no amitit forma dòpia. Domandu duncas de torrai a sa versioni chi ia postu deu, ca preferu custa forma puru po coerèntzia cun su grafema GL chi càmbiat a LLI. -- [[Usuàriu:PNNu|PNNu]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:PNNu|cuntierra]]) 20:01, 27 Mar 2026 (CET) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Inundamentu in Ispànnia de su 2024]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190019 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20241118164059/https://www.articulo14.es/espana-por-la-igualdad/comunidad-valenciana/se-confirma-la-tragedia-al-menos-13-muertos-por-la-dana-en-valencia-20241030.html annantu a https://www.articulo14.es/espana-por-la-igualdad/comunidad-valenciana/se-confirma-la-tragedia-al-menos-13-muertos-por-la-dana-en-valencia-20241030.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:42, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) bdjaocd2it6wy77hl9y4c3j94tkxogb 1 23476 190024 189822 2026-05-16T01:58:41Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190024 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Abrile 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Pilota de dispositivu]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=189821 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20200815071339/https://embetronicx.com/tutorials/linux/device-drivers/linux-device-driver-part-1-introduction/ annantu a https://embetronicx.com/tutorials/linux/device-drivers/linux-device-driver-part-1-introduction/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 05:02, 3 Abr 2026 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Pilota de dispositivu]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190023 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20200222171649/http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/open_issues/user-space_device_drivers.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/open_issues/user-space_device_drivers.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 03:58, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) pfssrz2iw3cvnl3suncfcbmzuexgpgg 1 23492 190012 189974 2026-05-16T00:07:50Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190012 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[GNU]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=189973 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20110222101726/http://www.gnu.org/ annantu a http://www.gnu.org/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 01:12, 13 Maj 2026 (CEST) == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 2 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[GNU]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190011 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20240529083822/https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html.en annantu a https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html.en *Eticheta {{tl|ligàmene interrùmpidu}} annanta a https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull8.html *Eticheta {{tl|ligàmene interrùmpidu}} annanta a https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull10.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20240814104356/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/faq/gnu.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/faq/gnu.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:07, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) odn1vok2ez0wrq677fbwn2yoylel5j4 0 23494 189994 2026-05-15T21:25:02Z Mistico Dois 19393 Pàgina creada cun '{{LSC}}{{stub}} '''Nuno Gonçalves''' (fl. 1450‑1471) est istadu unu pintore [[Portugallu|portughesu]]. No si nde connoschet meda de sa vida sua. Est istadu pintore de corte de su rè Afonso V de Portugallu dae su 1450 a su 1471. Gonçalves est cunsideradu su prus mannu pintore de su [[Rinaximentu]] portoghesu. Est credidu chi siat istadu s’autore de su polìtticu connottu comente is ''Pannellos de Santu Vissente'', chi rapresentant sa sotziedade portoghesa de su…' 189994 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{stub}} '''Nuno Gonçalves''' (fl. 1450‑1471) est istadu unu pintore [[Portugallu|portughesu]]. No si nde connoschet meda de sa vida sua. Est istadu pintore de corte de su rè Afonso V de Portugallu dae su 1450 a su 1471. Gonçalves est cunsideradu su prus mannu pintore de su [[Rinaximentu]] portoghesu. Est credidu chi siat istadu s’autore de su polìtticu connottu comente is ''Pannellos de Santu Vissente'', chi rapresentant sa sotziedade portoghesa de su tempus issoro. {{Controllu de autoridade}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gonçalves, Nuno}} [[Categoria:Biografias]] [[Categoria:Pintores]] [[Categoria:Portughesos]] 4qklwt1kcbwcpqy1n389sagu5remj7s 189995 189994 2026-05-15T21:25:29Z Mistico Dois 19393 189995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{stub}} '''Nuno Gonçalves''' (fl. 1450‑1471) est istadu unu pintore [[Portugallu|portughesu]]. No si nde connoschet meda de sa vida sua. Est istadu pintore de corte de su rè Afonso V de Portugallu dae su 1450 a su 1471. Gonçalves est cunsideradu su prus mannu pintore de su [[Rinaschimentu]] portoghesu. Est credidu chi siat istadu s’autore de su polìtticu connottu comente is ''Pannellos de Santu Vissente'', chi rapresentant sa sotziedade portoghesa de su tempus issoro. {{Controllu de autoridade}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gonçalves, Nuno}} [[Categoria:Biografias]] [[Categoria:Pintores]] [[Categoria:Portughesos]] r22wgcqqzh5e2bdjpgxv6ph3u7qldiq 189996 189995 2026-05-15T21:28:07Z Mistico Dois 19393 189996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{stub}} '''Nuno Gonçalves''' (fl. 1450‑1471) est istadu unu pintore [[Portugallu|portughesu]]. No si nde connoschet meda de sa vida sua. Est istadu pintore de corte de su rè Alfonsu V de Portugallu dae su 1450 a su 1471. Gonçalves est cunsideradu su prus mannu pintore de su [[Rinaschimentu]] portoghesu. Est credidu chi siat istadu s’autore de su polìtticu connottu comente is ''Pannellos de Santu Vissente'', chi rapresentant sa sotziedade portoghesa de su tempus issoro. {{Controllu de autoridade}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gonçalves, Nuno}} [[Categoria:Biografias]] [[Categoria:Pintores]] [[Categoria:Portughesos]] 2xjgbexhzcnmg3m7l7yukoffpnqn3op 189997 189996 2026-05-15T21:29:09Z Mistico Dois 19393 189997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{stub}} '''Nuno Gonçalves''' (fl. 1450‑1471) est istadu unu pintore [[Portugallu|portughesu]]. No si nde connoschet meda de sa vida sua. Est istadu pintore de corte de su re Alfonsu V de Portugallu dae su 1450 a su 1471. Gonçalves est cunsideradu su prus mannu pintore de su [[Rinaschimentu]] portoghesu. Est credidu chi siat istadu s’autore de su polìtticu connottu comente is ''Pannellos de Santu Vissente'', chi rapresentant sa sotziedade portoghesa de su tempus issoro. {{Controllu de autoridade}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gonçalves, Nuno}} [[Categoria:Biografias]] [[Categoria:Pintores]] [[Categoria:Portughesos]] mr7kf6c2kuf8phu23hct02vd64r5nkw 189998 189997 2026-05-15T21:30:25Z Mistico Dois 19393 189998 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{stub}} '''Nuno Gonçalves''' (fl. 1450‑1471) est istadu unu pintore [[Portugallu|portughesu]]. No si nde connoschet meda de sa vida sua. Est istadu pintore de corte de su re Alfonsu V de Portugallu dae su 1450 a su 1471. Gonçalves est cunsideradu su prus mannu pintore de su [[Rinaschimentu]] portoghesu. Est credidu chi siat istadu s’autore de su ''Pannellos de Santu Vissente'', chi rapresentant sa sotziedade portoghesa de su tempus issoro. {{Controllu de autoridade}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gonçalves, Nuno}} [[Categoria:Biografias]] [[Categoria:Pintores]] [[Categoria:Portughesos]] i2a9sria633hnmz5p11f78e5eebsr36 189999 189998 2026-05-15T21:32:37Z Mistico Dois 19393 189999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{LSC}}{{stub}} [[File:Nuno Gonçalves - Padrão dos Descobrimentos.png|thumb|200px|Nuno Gonçalves]] '''Nuno Gonçalves''' (fl. 1450‑1471) est istadu unu pintore [[Portugallu|portughesu]]. No si nde connoschet meda de sa vida sua. Est istadu pintore de corte de su re Alfonsu V de Portugallu dae su 1450 a su 1471. Gonçalves est cunsideradu su prus mannu pintore de su [[Rinaschimentu]] portoghesu. Est credidu chi siat istadu s’autore de su ''Pannellos de Santu Vissente'', chi rapresentant sa sotziedade portoghesa de su tempus issoro. {{Controllu de autoridade}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gonçalves, Nuno}} [[Categoria:Biografias]] [[Categoria:Pintores]] [[Categoria:Portughesos]] chi0lmv1ngo9qmqxjodrjoc96g9205i 0 23495 190001 2026-05-15T21:33:21Z Mistico Dois 19393 Mistico Dois moved page [[Henri Gaudier-Brzeska/sulcitanu]] to [[Henri Gaudier-Brzeska]] over redirect 190001 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Henri Gaudier-Brzeska]] dtwjk9iftl9hsemau2aehhmwe0f2zpe 1 23496 190018 2026-05-16T00:36:05Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190018 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 8 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[HURD]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190017 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20110902232009/http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd.html annantu a http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20230315045201/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/advantages.html annantu a http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/advantages.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20220322041636/http://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.it.html annantu a http://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.it.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20220202041844/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history/hurd-announce annantu a https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history/hurd-announce *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20220202042139/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history/hurd-flash13 annantu a https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history/hurd-flash13 *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20220322130853/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/running/distrib.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/running/distrib.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20220324214009/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/news/2013-09-27.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/news/2013-09-27.html *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20161222235236/http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/news/2016-12-18-releases.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/news/2016-12-18-releases.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 02:36, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) 4gq3a28w3vbofmjd2rsoq4o0zswnjnc 1 23497 190031 2026-05-16T02:40:26Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190031 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 2 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[TRIX (sistema operativu)]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190030 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20181104161406/https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull2.txt annantu a https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull2.txt *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20240705152046/https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history.html annantu a https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/history.html . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 04:40, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) 91x0b1ad8h5gtuxvz30bm9oqh9rjab7 1 23498 190033 2026-05-16T02:55:16Z InternetArchiveBot 10458 Notìfica de fontes modificadas chi bisòngiant de una revisione) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 190033 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ligàmenes esternos modificados (Maju 2026) == Salude a totus, Como como apo modificadu in manera automàtica 1 ligàmene(s) esternu(os) in [[Trojan Room Coffee Pot]]. Pro praghere averguade [https://sc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=190032 sa modìfica mea]. Si tenides preguntas o bisongiades chi su robot ignoret sos ligàmenes o sa pàgina de su totu, bisitade [[:m:InternetArchiveBot/FAQ|custa pàgina de sas PF]] pro àteras informatziones. Apo fatu custas modìficas: *Archìviu https://web.archive.org/web/20211201194542/https://techland.time.com/2013/04/08/youre-doing-it-right-early-webcam-monitored-a-coffee-pot/ annantu a https://techland.time.com/2013/04/08/youre-doing-it-right-early-webcam-monitored-a-coffee-pot/ . Pompiade·bos sas preguntas fitianas pro informatziones in subra de s’acontzu de sos errores cun su robot. Adiosu - [[Usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] ([[Cuntierra usuàriu:InternetArchiveBot|cuntierra]]) 04:55, 16 Maj 2026 (CEST) r04xbf1h9wyh4ungtn6r96db0lu5ivo