Wikisource sourceswiki https://wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.4 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikisource Wikisource talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Page Page talk Index Index talk Author Author talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Translations Translations talk 0 168826 1338620 1338583 2026-05-26T13:17:52Z タスハハルチガイ 899268 1338620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DISPLAYTITLE:ᠨᡳᠪᠴᡠ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠣᠵᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ}} {{Manchu header | previous= | next= | title=ᠨᡳᠪᠴᡠ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠣᠵᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ | section= | author=Fyodor Alexeyevich Golovin, Songgotu | notes=[[:zh:尼布楚条约|尼布楚條約]], [[:ru:Полное собрание законов Российской империи/ВТ/Собрание первое/1346 (Нерчинский договор 1689 года)|Нерчинский договор]], [[:la:Treaty of Nerchinsk|PACTUM NERTSCHIAE]] }} {{MongolUnicode|ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩ᠋ᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᡨᠠᡴᡡᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ᠈ ᡥᡝᠪᡝᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ᠈ ᡥᡳᠶᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡴᠠᡩᠠᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᡤᠣᡨᡠ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᡤᡡᠰᠠᡳ ᡝᠵᡝᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᠵᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡤᡠᠩ ᠨᠠᡴ᠋ᠴᡠ᠈ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠩ ᡤᡠᠸᡝ ᡬᠠᠩ᠈ ᡤᡡᠰᠠᡳ ᡝᠵᡝᠨ ᠯᠠᠩᡨ᠋ᠠᠨ᠈ ᡤᡡᠰᠠᡳ ᡝᠵᡝᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᡩᠠᡵᡧᠠᠨ᠈ ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ ᠵᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠸᠠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠵᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᡡᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠰᡠ᠈ ᡨᡠ᠋ᡳ ᠵᠠᠩᡤᡳᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠠ᠈ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠯᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡤᠣᠯᠣ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᠵᡠᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠰᡥᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᡠᠨ᠋ᡩ᠋ᠠ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡴᡡᡵᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠵᡳᡥᡝ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᡝᠯᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠣ ᠺᠣᠯ ᠨᡳ ᠴᡝᡳ ᡳ ᠨᠠ ᠮᡳᠶᡝᠰ ᡨ᠋ᡳ ᠨᡳ ᡴᡝ ᠪᡠ ᡝᡵᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠶ ᠺᠣᡳ ᡶ᠋ᡳᠶᠣᡩ᠋ᠣᡵᠣ ᡝᠯᡳᡴ ᠰᡳᠶᡝᡳ ᠶᡝ ᠸᡝᡳ ᠴᠶ ᡥᠣ ᠯᠣ ᠸᡝᠨ ᠰᡝ᠈ ᡝᠯᡥᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡳ᠌ᡶ᠋ᡳᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ ᠰᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠮᡝᡳ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᠨᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠶᠠᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡳ᠌ᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋᠈ ᠨᡳᠪᠴᠣᠣ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᡩᡝ᠋ ᡠᡥᡝᡵᡳ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᡠᠶᠠ ᡠᡵᠰᡝ ᠴᡳᠰᡠᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠪᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨ᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ ᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᡩᡠ᠋ᠮᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡵᡳᠨᡠᠮᡝ ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡠᠯᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ᡴᡝᠯᡝᠮᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᠨ᠋ᡨᡝ᠋ᡥᡝᠮᡝ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡵᡝ ᠵᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠠᠮᠠᡵᡤᡳᠴᡳ ᡩᠣᠰᡳᠨᠵᡳᡥᠠ ᠴᠣᡵᠠᠨ ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᡠᡵᡠᠮᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠨᠴᡳ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ ᡤᡝᡵᠪᡳᠴᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ᠈ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠪᡳᡵᠠᡳ ᠰᡝᡴᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠸᡝᡥᡝ ᠨᠣᡥᠣ ᠠᠮᠪᠠ ᡥᡳᠩᡤᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᡠ᠋ᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡥᠠᡳ ᠮᡝᡩᡝ᠋ᡵᡳ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠨᡳᡴᡝᡨᡝ᠋ᠯᡝ ᠠᠨ᠋ᡨᡠ᠋ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡴᠠᠯᡝ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᠮᡠ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡵᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠈ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᡳ ᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡤᡡᠸᠠ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᠮᡠ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡵᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡩᠠᠮᡠ ᡠᡩ᠋ᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠴᡳ ᠵᡠᠯᡝᠰᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᡥᡳᠩᡤᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᠰᡳᡩᡝ᠋ᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ᠈ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ᠈ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ᠈ ᠪᡳᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡴᠠ ᠰᡳᡩᡝ᠋ᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡝᡩᡝ᠋ᡵᡝᡥᡝ ᠮᠠᠩᡤᡳ᠈ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ᡴᡝᠯᡝᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᡳ᠌ᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᡳᠴᡳ ᡝᠯᠴᡳᠨ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡴᡡᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡵᡝ᠈ ᡝᡳᠴᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᡠᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᠠᠮᠠᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᡳ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᡵᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᠠᡳ᠌ᠨᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡝᠮᡝ ᡩᠠᠪᠠᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᠪᡠᠶᠠ ᡠᡵᠰᡝ ᠴᡳᠰᡠᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠪᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠪᡳᠴᡳ᠈ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡵᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡴᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠰᠠ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡝᠨᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠈ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠰᠠ ᡨᡝ᠋ᡵᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠸᡝᡳ᠌ᠯᡝᡳ ᡠᠵᡝᠨ ᠸᡝᡳ᠌ᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡳᠯᡤᠠᠮᡝ ᠸᡝᡳ᠌ᠯᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡳᠰᡝᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝᠴᡳ ᡶ᠋ᡠᠯᡠ ᠵᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡶ᠋ᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠣᡴᡳᠯᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠴᠣᠣᡥᠠᡳ ᠠᡤᡡᡵᠠ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ᠈ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠸᠠᠮᡝ ᡩ᠋᠋ᡠ᠋ᡵᡳᠮᡝ ᠴᡠᠸᠠᠩᠨᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠪᡳᠴᡳ᠈ ᡠᡵᡠᠨᠠᡴᡡ ᡩᠣᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠸᡝᠰᡳᠮᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡳ ᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡤᠠᠮᠠᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᡠᡩᡠ᠋ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᡝᠨ᠋᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠰᡝᠮᡝ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡴᡝᠮᡠᠨᡳ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ᠋ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᠠᡶᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᠠᡳ᠌ᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡵᡳᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᡴᡳ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠨᡝᠨᡝᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡶᡝ ᠪᠠᡳ᠌ᡨᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠯᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ᠈ ᠨᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᠊ᡳ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨ᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ ᡤᠠᡳ᠌ᡵᡝ ᠪᡝ ᠨᠠᡴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡳ ᠪᡳᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡝᠨ᠋ᡨᡝ᠋ᡥᡝᠮᡝ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝᠴᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ᠈ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ ᠵᡠᠯᡝᠰᡳ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠵᡠᡤᡡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᡨᡝ᠋ᠮᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠣᠴᡳ᠈ ᡨᡝ᠋ᡵᡝᡳ ᡠᡩ᠋ᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᠴᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡳᠯᡳᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉ <br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠠᠴᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᠠᠰᡥᡡᡥᠠ ᡳᠨᡝᠩᡤᡳᠴᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ ᡠᡴᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡠᡴᠠᠴᡳ᠈ ᠠᡳ᠌ᠨᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡝᠮᡝ ᠰᡳᠩᡤᡝᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ᠈ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ ᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉ <br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᡶᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᠠᡳ᠌ᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ ᠨᠠᡴᠠᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ ᠰᠠᡳ᠌ᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᠨ᠋ᡨᡝ᠋ᡥᡝᠮᡝ ᡤᠣᡵᠣ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ ᠠᡴᡩᡠ᠋ᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡝᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᡴᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ ᡝᠮᡨᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᡤᡳᡩ᠋ᠠᡶᡳ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨ᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᡤᡝᠯᡳ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ᠈ ᠯᠠᡨ᠋ᡳᠨᠣ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠸᡝᡥᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᡶ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᡩᡝ᠋ ᡳᠯᡳᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡤᠣᡵᠣ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ ᡨᡝ᠋ᠮᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ ᠣᠪᡠᡴᡳ᠉ <br> ᡝᠯᡥᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡳ᠌ᡶ᠋ᡳᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᠨᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠶᠠᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡳ᠌ᠨ᠉ }} dulimbai gurun i enduringge hūwangdi hesei jecen ba toktobuha amban, hebei amban, hiya be kadalara dorgi amban songgotu, dorgi amban bime, gūsai ejen, uju jergi gung nakcu tung guwe g'ang, gūsai ejen langtan, gūsai ejen bandaršan, sahaliyan ula jergi babe tuwakiyara jiyanggiyūn sabsu, tui janggin mala, tulergi golo be dasara jurgan i ashan i amban unda, oros gurun i cagan han i hesei takūrafi jecen be toktobume jihe amban elcin, o k'ol ni cei i na miyes ti ni ke bu eriyan sy k'oi fiyodoro elik siyei ye wei cy ho lo wen [okol'nichey i namestnik bryanskoy Fedor Alekseyevich Golovin]se, elhe taifin i orin jakūci sohon meihe aniya nadan biyai orin duin de, nibcoo i bade uheri acafi, juwe gurun i buthašame yabure buya urse cisui jecen be dabame buthašame, ishunde wandume durinume facuhūn yabure be fafulame, dulimbai gurun, oros gurun meni meni jecen i babe getukeleme toktobufi, doro acafi, enteheme goidame hūwaliyasun i banjire jalin toktobume gisurehengge. emu hacin, sahaliyan ula de amargici dosinjiha coran sere uruma birai hanci bisire gerbici bira be, jecen obufi, ere birai sekiyen i ergi wehe noho amba hinggan i mudun be jafahai mederi de niketele antu i ergi sahaliyan ula de dosikale bira birgan be gemu dulimbai gurun i harangga obume, bosoi ergi gūwa yaya bira birgan be gemu oros gurun i harangga obume, damu udi bira ci julesi, ere toktobuha hinggan i alin ci amasi, juwe siden de bisire, ba na, bira, birgan be taka siden de obufi, meni meni gurun de bederehe manggi, ba na be getukeleme baicafi, eici elcin takūrame gisurere, eici bithe unggime toktobure babe amala jai toktobume. emu hacin, ere toktobuha jecen be juwe gurun i buthašara urse be ainaha seme dababurakū obufi, emu juwe buya urse cisui jecen be dabame buthašame hūlhame yaburengge bici, jafafi meni meni ba na i harangga kadalara hafasa de benekini, ba na i hafasa tere yabuha niyalmai araha weilei ujen weihuken be ilgame weile arame isebukini, ereci fulu juwan tofohon i hokilafi, coohai agūra jafafi, buthašame yabure, niyalma wame durime cuwangname yaburengge bici, urunakū donjibume wesimbufi, uthai fafun i gamakini, emu udu niyalma endebume yabuha seme juwe gurun kemuni hūwaliyasun i banjime, afara dailara be duriburakū oki. emu hacin, neneme yabuha yaya hacin i fe baita be gisurerakūci tulgiyen, ne dulimbai gurun de bisire oros i niyalma, oros gurun de bisire dulimbai gurun i niyalma be ishunde gaire be nakafi uthai bibume. emu hacin, juwe gurun enteheme goidame hūwaliyame acaha be dahame, ereci amasi, yaya amasi julesi yabure niyalma jugūn yabure temgetu bithe bisirengge oci, terei udara uncara be iliburakū obume. emu hacin, doro acame gashūha inenggici amasi ukanju ukaci, ainaha seme singgeburakū, jafafi amasi bume. emu hacin, juwe gurun i ambasa acafi juwe jecen i afara dailara be nakabufi, doro acafi hūwaliyasun sain i enteheme goro goidame, umesi akdun i toktobuha babe dahame yabume jurcerakv oki, ere songkoi emte bithe arafi doron gidafi ishunde bime, geli ere songkoi dulimbai gurun i bithe, oros gurun i bithe, latino gurun bithe arafi, wehe de folofi juwe gurun i acan i bade ilibufi, goro goidame temgetu obuki. elhe taifin i orin jakūci aniya nadan biyai orin duin. ==External link== *[https://tieba.baidu.com/p/4975778929?red_tag=2159967708] [[Category:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ]] 9iot1x60zbvg9v1h8b8z3kkpjyd0lfb 1338621 1338620 2026-05-26T13:19:44Z タスハハルチガイ 899268 1338621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DISPLAYTITLE:ᠨᡳᠪᠴᡠ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠣᠵᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ}} {{Manchu header | previous= | next= | title=ᠨᡳᠪᠴᡠ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠣᠵᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ | section= | author=Fyodor Alexeyevich Golovin, Songgotu | notes=[[:zh:尼布楚条约|尼布楚條約]], [[:ru:Полное собрание законов Российской империи/ВТ/Собрание первое/1346 (Нерчинский договор 1689 года)|Нерчинский договор]], [[:la:Treaty of Nerchinsk|PACTUM NERTSCHIAE]] }} {{MongolUnicode|ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩ᠋ᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᡨᠠᡴᡡᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ᠈ ᡥᡝᠪᡝᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ᠈ ᡥᡳᠶᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡴᠠᡩᠠᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᡤᠣᡨᡠ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᡤᡡᠰᠠᡳ ᡝᠵᡝᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᠵᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡤᡠᠩ ᠨᠠᡴ᠋ᠴᡠ᠈ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠩ ᡤᡠᠸᡝ ᡬᠠᠩ᠈ ᡤᡡᠰᠠᡳ ᡝᠵᡝᠨ ᠯᠠᠩᡨ᠋ᠠᠨ᠈ ᡤᡡᠰᠠᡳ ᡝᠵᡝᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᡩᠠᡵᡧᠠᠨ᠈ ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠᡳ ᠵᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠸᠠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠵᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᡡᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠰᡠ᠈ ᡨᡠ᠋ᡳ ᠵᠠᠩᡤᡳᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠠ᠈ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠯᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡤᠣᠯᠣ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᠵᡠᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠰᡥᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᡠᠨ᠋ᡩ᠋ᠠ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡴᡡᡵᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠵᡳᡥᡝ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᡝᠯᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠣ ᠺᠣᠯ ᠨᡳ ᠴᡝᡳ ᡳ ᠨᠠ ᠮᡳᠶᡝᠰ ᡨ᠋ᡳ ᠨᡳ ᡴᡝ ᠪᡠ ᡝᡵᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠶ ᠺᠣᡳ ᡶ᠋ᡳᠶᠣᡩ᠋ᠣᡵᠣ ᡝᠯᡳᡴ ᠰᡳᠶᡝᡳ ᠶᡝ ᠸᡝᡳ ᠴᠶ ᡥᠣ ᠯᠣ ᠸᡝᠨ ᠰᡝ᠈ ᡝᠯᡥᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡳ᠌ᡶ᠋ᡳᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ ᠰᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠮᡝᡳ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᠨᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠶᠠᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡳ᠌ᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋᠈ ᠨᡳᠪᠴᠣᠣ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᡩᡝ᠋ ᡠᡥᡝᡵᡳ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᡠᠶᠠ ᡠᡵᠰᡝ ᠴᡳᠰᡠᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠪᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨ᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ ᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᡩᡠ᠋ᠮᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡵᡳᠨᡠᠮᡝ ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡠᠯᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ᡴᡝᠯᡝᠮᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᠨ᠋ᡨᡝ᠋ᡥᡝᠮᡝ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡵᡝ ᠵᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠠᠮᠠᡵᡤᡳᠴᡳ ᡩᠣᠰᡳᠨᠵᡳᡥᠠ ᠴᠣᡵᠠᠨ ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᡠᡵᡠᠮᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠨᠴᡳ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ ᡤᡝᡵᠪᡳᠴᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ᠈ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠪᡳᡵᠠᡳ ᠰᡝᡴᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠸᡝᡥᡝ ᠨᠣᡥᠣ ᠠᠮᠪᠠ ᡥᡳᠩᡤᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᡠ᠋ᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡥᠠᡳ ᠮᡝᡩᡝ᠋ᡵᡳ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠨᡳᡴᡝᡨᡝ᠋ᠯᡝ ᠠᠨ᠋ᡨᡠ᠋ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡴᠠᠯᡝ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᠮᡠ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡵᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠈ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᡳ ᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡤᡡᠸᠠ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᠮᡠ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡵᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡩᠠᠮᡠ ᡠᡩ᠋ᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠴᡳ ᠵᡠᠯᡝᠰᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᡥᡳᠩᡤᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᠰᡳᡩᡝ᠋ᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ᠈ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ᠈ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ᠈ ᠪᡳᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡴᠠ ᠰᡳᡩᡝ᠋ᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡝᡩᡝ᠋ᡵᡝᡥᡝ ᠮᠠᠩᡤᡳ᠈ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ᡴᡝᠯᡝᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᡳ᠌ᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᡳᠴᡳ ᡝᠯᠴᡳᠨ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡴᡡᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡵᡝ᠈ ᡝᡳᠴᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᡠᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᠠᠮᠠᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᡳ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᡵᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᠠᡳ᠌ᠨᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡝᠮᡝ ᡩᠠᠪᠠᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᠪᡠᠶᠠ ᡠᡵᠰᡝ ᠴᡳᠰᡠᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠪᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠪᡳᠴᡳ᠈ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡵᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡴᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠰᠠ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡝᠨᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠈ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠰᠠ ᡨᡝ᠋ᡵᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠸᡝᡳ᠌ᠯᡝᡳ ᡠᠵᡝᠨ ᠸᡝᡳ᠌ᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡳᠯᡤᠠᠮᡝ ᠸᡝᡳ᠌ᠯᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡳᠰᡝᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝᠴᡳ ᡶ᠋ᡠᠯᡠ ᠵᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡶ᠋ᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠣᡴᡳᠯᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠴᠣᠣᡥᠠᡳ ᠠᡤᡡᡵᠠ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ᠈ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠸᠠᠮᡝ ᡩ᠋᠋ᡠ᠋ᡵᡳᠮᡝ ᠴᡠᠸᠠᠩᠨᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠪᡳᠴᡳ᠈ ᡠᡵᡠᠨᠠᡴᡡ ᡩᠣᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠸᡝᠰᡳᠮᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡳ ᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡤᠠᠮᠠᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᡠᡩᡠ᠋ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᡝᠨ᠋᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠰᡝᠮᡝ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡴᡝᠮᡠᠨᡳ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ᠋ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᠠᡶᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᠠᡳ᠌ᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡵᡳᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᡴᡳ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠨᡝᠨᡝᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡶᡝ ᠪᠠᡳ᠌ᡨᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠯᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ᠈ ᠨᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᠊ᡳ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨ᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ ᡤᠠᡳ᠌ᡵᡝ ᠪᡝ ᠨᠠᡴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡳ ᠪᡳᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡝᠨ᠋ᡨᡝ᠋ᡥᡝᠮᡝ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝᠴᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ᠈ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ ᠵᡠᠯᡝᠰᡳ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠵᡠᡤᡡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᡨᡝ᠋ᠮᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠣᠴᡳ᠈ ᡨᡝ᠋ᡵᡝᡳ ᡠᡩ᠋ᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᠴᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡳᠯᡳᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉ <br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠠᠴᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᠠᠰᡥᡡᡥᠠ ᡳᠨᡝᠩᡤᡳᠴᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ ᡠᡴᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡠᡴᠠᠴᡳ᠈ ᠠᡳ᠌ᠨᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡝᠮᡝ ᠰᡳᠩᡤᡝᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ᠈ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ ᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉ <br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᡶᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᠠᡳ᠌ᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ ᠨᠠᡴᠠᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ ᠰᠠᡳ᠌ᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᠨ᠋ᡨᡝ᠋ᡥᡝᠮᡝ ᡤᠣᡵᠣ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ ᠠᡴᡩᡠ᠋ᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡝᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᡴᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ ᡝᠮᡨᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᡤᡳᡩ᠋ᠠᡶᡳ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨ᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᡤᡝᠯᡳ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ᠈ ᠯᠠᡨ᠋ᡳᠨᠣ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠸᡝᡥᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᡶ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᡩᡝ᠋ ᡳᠯᡳᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡤᠣᡵᠣ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ ᡨᡝ᠋ᠮᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ ᠣᠪᡠᡴᡳ᠉ <br> ᡝᠯᡥᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡳ᠌ᡶ᠋ᡳᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᠨᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠶᠠᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡳ᠌ᠨ᠉ }} dulimbai gurun i enduringge hūwangdi hesei jecen ba toktobuha amban, hebei amban, hiya be kadalara dorgi amban songgotu, dorgi amban bime, gūsai ejen, uju jergi gung nakcu tung guwe g'ang, gūsai ejen langtan, gūsai ejen bandaršan, sahaliyan ula jergi babe tuwakiyara jiyanggiyūn sabsu, tui janggin mala, tulergi golo be dasara jurgan i ashan i amban unda, oros gurun i cagan han i hesei takūrafi jecen be toktobume jihe amban elcin, o k'ol ni cei i na miyes ti ni ke bu eriyan sy k'oi fiyodoro elik siyei ye wei cy ho lo wen [okol'nichey i namestnik bryanskoy Fedor Alekseyevich Golovin]se, elhe taifin i orin jakūci sohon meihe aniya nadan biyai orin duin de, nibcoo i bade uheri acafi, juwe gurun i buthašame yabure buya urse cisui jecen be dabame buthašame, ishunde wandume durinume facuhūn yabure be fafulame, dulimbai gurun, oros gurun meni meni jecen i babe getukeleme toktobufi, doro acafi, enteheme goidame hūwaliyasun i banjire jalin toktobume gisurehengge. emu hacin, sahaliyan ula de amargici dosinjiha coran sere uruma birai hanci bisire gerbici bira be, jecen obufi, ere birai sekiyen i ergi wehe noho amba hinggan i mudun be jafahai mederi de niketele antu i ergi sahaliyan ula de dosikale bira birgan be gemu dulimbai gurun i harangga obume, bosoi ergi gūwa yaya bira birgan be gemu oros gurun i harangga obume, damu udi bira ci julesi, ere toktobuha hinggan i alin ci amasi, juwe siden de bisire, ba na, bira, birgan be taka siden de obufi, meni meni gurun de bederehe manggi, ba na be getukeleme baicafi, eici elcin takūrame gisurere, eici bithe unggime toktobure babe amala jai toktobume. emu hacin, ere toktobuha jecen be juwe gurun i buthašara urse be ainaha seme dababurakū obufi, emu juwe buya urse cisui jecen be dabame buthašame hūlhame yaburengge bici, jafafi meni meni ba na i harangga kadalara hafasa de benekini, ba na i hafasa tere yabuha niyalmai araha weilei ujen weihuken be ilgame weile arame isebukini, ereci fulu juwan tofohon i hokilafi, coohai agūra jafafi, buthašame yabure, niyalma wame durime cuwangname yaburengge bici, urunakū donjibume wesimbufi, uthai fafun i gamakini, emu udu niyalma endebume yabuha seme juwe gurun kemuni hūwaliyasun i banjime, afara dailara be duriburakū oki. emu hacin, neneme yabuha yaya hacin i fe baita be gisurerakūci tulgiyen, ne dulimbai gurun de bisire oros i niyalma, oros gurun de bisire dulimbai gurun i niyalma be ishunde gaire be nakafi uthai bibume. emu hacin, juwe gurun enteheme goidame hūwaliyame acaha be dahame, ereci amasi, yaya amasi julesi yabure niyalma jugūn yabure temgetu bithe bisirengge oci, terei udara uncara be iliburakū obume. emu hacin, doro acame gashūha inenggici amasi ukanju ukaci, ainaha seme singgeburakū, jafafi amasi bume. emu hacin, juwe gurun i ambasa acafi juwe jecen i afara dailara be nakabufi, doro acafi hūwaliyasun sain i enteheme goro goidame, umesi akdun i toktobuha babe dahame yabume jurcerakv oki, ere songkoi emte bithe arafi doron gidafi ishunde bime, geli ere songkoi dulimbai gurun i bithe, oros gurun i bithe, latino gurun bithe arafi, wehe de folofi juwe gurun i acan i bade ilibufi, goro goidame temgetu obuki. elhe taifin i orin jakūci aniya nadan biyai orin duin. ==External link== *[https://tieba.baidu.com/p/4975778929?red_tag=2159967708] [[Category:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ]] hplxrg0ud7la52vfd1g8bav2gdounkv 1338622 1338621 2026-05-26T13:22:10Z タスハハルチガイ 899268 1338622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DISPLAYTITLE:ᠨᡳᠪᠴᡠ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠣᠵᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ}} {{Manchu header | previous= | next= | title=ᠨᡳᠪᠴᡠ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠣᠵᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ | section= | author=Fyodor Alexeyevich Golovin, Songgotu | notes=[[:zh:尼布楚条约|尼布楚條約]], [[:ru:Полное собрание законов Российской империи/ВТ/Собрание первое/1346 (Нерчинский договор 1689 года)|Нерчинский договор]], [[:la:Treaty of Nerchinsk|PACTUM NERTSCHIAE]] }} {{MongolUnicode|ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩ᠋ᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᡨᠠᡴᡡᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ᠈ ᡥᡝᠪᡝᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ᠈ ᡥᡳᠶᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡴᠠᡩᠠᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᡤᠣᡨᡠ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᡤᡡᠰᠠᡳ ᡝᠵᡝᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᠵᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡤᡠᠩ ᠨᠠᡴ᠋ᠴᡠ᠈ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠩ ᡤᡠᠸᡝ ᡬᠠᠩ᠈ ᡤᡡᠰᠠᡳ ᡝᠵᡝᠨ ᠯᠠᠩᡨ᠋ᠠᠨ᠈ ᡤᡡᠰᠠᡳ ᡝᠵᡝᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᡩᠠᡵᡧᠠᠨ᠈ ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠᡳ ᠵᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠸᠠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠵᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᡡᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠰᡠ᠈ ᡨᡠ᠋ᡳ ᠵᠠᠩᡤᡳᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠠ᠈ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠯᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡤᠣᠯᠣ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᠵᡠᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠰᡥᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᡠᠨ᠋ᡩ᠋ᠠ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡴᡡᡵᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠵᡳᡥᡝ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᡝᠯᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠣ ᠺᠣᠯ ᠨᡳ ᠴᡝᡳ ᡳ ᠨᠠ ᠮᡳᠶᡝᠰ ᡨ᠋ᡳ ᠨᡳ ᡴᡝ ᠪᡠ ᡝᡵᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠶ ᠺᠣᡳ ᡶ᠋ᡳᠶᠣᡩ᠋ᠣᡵᠣ ᡝᠯᡳᡴ ᠰᡳᠶᡝᡳ ᠶᡝ ᠸᡝᡳ ᠴᠶ ᡥᠣ ᠯᠣ ᠸᡝᠨ ᠰᡝ᠈ ᡝᠯᡥᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡳ᠌ᡶ᠋ᡳᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ ᠰᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠮᡝᡳ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᠨᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠶᠠᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡳ᠌ᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋᠈ ᠨᡳᠪᠴᠣᠣ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᡩᡝ᠋ ᡠᡥᡝᡵᡳ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᡠᠶᠠ ᡠᡵᠰᡝ ᠴᡳᠰᡠᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠪᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨ᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ ᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᡩᡠ᠋ᠮᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡵᡳᠨᡠᠮᡝ ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡠᠯᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ᡴᡝᠯᡝᠮᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᠨ᠋ᡨᡝ᠋ᡥᡝᠮᡝ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡵᡝ ᠵᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠠᠮᠠᡵᡤᡳᠴᡳ ᡩᠣᠰᡳᠨᠵᡳᡥᠠ ᠴᠣᡵᠠᠨ ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᡠᡵᡠᠮᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠨᠴᡳ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ ᡤᡝᡵᠪᡳᠴᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ᠈ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠪᡳᡵᠠᡳ ᠰᡝᡴᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠸᡝᡥᡝ ᠨᠣᡥᠣ ᠠᠮᠪᠠ ᡥᡳᠩᡤᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᡠ᠋ᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡥᠠᡳ ᠮᡝᡩᡝ᠋ᡵᡳ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠨᡳᡴᡝᡨᡝ᠋ᠯᡝ ᠠᠨ᠋ᡨᡠ᠋ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡴᠠᠯᡝ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᠮᡠ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡵᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠈ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᡳ ᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡤᡡᠸᠠ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᠮᡠ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡵᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡩᠠᠮᡠ ᡠᡩ᠋ᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᠴᡳ ᠵᡠᠯᡝᠰᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᡥᡳᠩᡤᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᠰᡳᡩᡝ᠋ᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ᠈ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ᠈ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ᠈ ᠪᡳᡵᡤᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡴᠠ ᠰᡳᡩᡝ᠋ᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡝᡩᡝ᠋ᡵᡝᡥᡝ ᠮᠠᠩᡤᡳ᠈ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ᡴᡝᠯᡝᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᡳ᠌ᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᡳᠴᡳ ᡝᠯᠴᡳᠨ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡴᡡᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡵᡝ᠈ ᡝᡳᠴᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᡠᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᠠᠮᠠᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᡳ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᡵᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᠠᡳ᠌ᠨᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡝᠮᡝ ᡩᠠᠪᠠᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᠪᡠᠶᠠ ᡠᡵᠰᡝ ᠴᡳᠰᡠᡳ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠪᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠪᡳᠴᡳ᠈ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡵᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡴᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠰᠠ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡝᠨᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠈ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠰᠠ ᡨᡝ᠋ᡵᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠸᡝᡳ᠌ᠯᡝᡳ ᡠᠵᡝᠨ ᠸᡝᡳ᠌ᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡳᠯᡤᠠᠮᡝ ᠸᡝᡳ᠌ᠯᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡳᠰᡝᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝᠴᡳ ᡶ᠋ᡠᠯᡠ ᠵᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡶ᠋ᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡥᠣᡴᡳᠯᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠴᠣᠣᡥᠠᡳ ᠠᡤᡡᡵᠠ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠪᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡧᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ᠈ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠸᠠᠮᡝ ᡩ᠋᠋ᡠ᠋ᡵᡳᠮᡝ ᠴᡠᠸᠠᠩᠨᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠪᡳᠴᡳ᠈ ᡠᡵᡠᠨᠠᡴᡡ ᡩᠣᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠸᡝᠰᡳᠮᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡳ ᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡤᠠᠮᠠᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᡠᡩᡠ᠋ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᡝᠨ᠋᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠰᡝᠮᡝ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡴᡝᠮᡠᠨᡳ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ᠋ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᠠᡶᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᠠᡳ᠌ᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡵᡳᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᡴᡳ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠨᡝᠨᡝᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡶᡝ ᠪᠠᡳ᠌ᡨᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠯᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ᠈ ᠨᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᠊ᡳ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨ᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ ᡤᠠᡳ᠌ᡵᡝ ᠪᡝ ᠨᠠᡴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᡠᡨ᠌ᡥᠠᡳ ᠪᡳᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉<br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡝᠨ᠋ᡨᡝ᠋ᡥᡝᠮᡝ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝᠴᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ᠈ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ ᠵᡠᠯᡝᠰᡳ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠵᡠᡤᡡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᡨᡝ᠋ᠮᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠣᠴᡳ᠈ ᡨᡝ᠋ᡵᡝᡳ ᡠᡩ᠋ᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᠴᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ ᡳᠯᡳᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉ <br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠠᠴᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᠠᠰᡥᡡᡥᠠ ᡳᠨᡝᠩᡤᡳᠴᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ ᡠᡴᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡠᡴᠠᠴᡳ᠈ ᠠᡳ᠌ᠨᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡝᠮᡝ ᠰᡳᠩᡤᡝᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ᠈ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᡳ ᠪᡠᠮᡝ᠉ <br> ᡝᠮᡠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ᠈ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᡶᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᠠᡳ᠌ᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡝ ᠨᠠᡴᠠᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠠᠴᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ ᠰᠠᡳ᠌ᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡝᠨ᠋ᡨᡝ᠋ᡥᡝᠮᡝ ᡤᠣᡵᠣ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ᠈ ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ ᠠᡴᡩᡠ᠋ᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᡨ᠋ᠣᡴ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᠠᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠮᡝ ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡝᡵᠠᡴᡡ ᠣᡴᡳ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ ᡝᠮᡨᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᡤᡳᡩ᠋ᠠᡶᡳ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨ᠋ᡩᡝ᠋ ᠪᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᡤᡝᠯᡳ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ᠈ ᠣᡵᠣᠰ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ᠈ ᠯᠠᡨ᠋ᡳᠨᠣ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠪᡳᡨ᠌ᡥᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᠸᡝᡥᡝ ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ ᡶ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᡶ᠋ᡳ ᠵᡠᠸᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠪᠠᡩᡝ᠋ ᡳᠯᡳᠪᡠᡶ᠋ᡳ᠈ ᡤᠣᡵᠣ ᡤᠣᡳ᠌ᡩ᠋ᠠᠮᡝ ᡨᡝ᠋ᠮᡤᡝᡨᡠ᠋ ᠣᠪᡠᡴᡳ᠉ <br> ᡝᠯᡥᡝ ᡨ᠋ᠠᡳ᠌ᡶ᠋ᡳᠨ ᠊ᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᠨᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠶᠠᡳ ᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡳ᠌ᠨ᠉ }} dulimbai gurun i enduringge hūwangdi hesei jecen be toktobume takūraha amban, hebei amban, hiya be kadalara dorgi amban songgotu, dorgi amban bime, gūsai ejen, uju jergi gung nakcu tung guwe g'ang, gūsai ejen langtan, gūsai ejen bandaršan, sahaliyan ulai jergi babe tuwakiyara jiyanggiyūn sabsu, tui janggin mala, tulergi golo be dasara jurgan i ashan i amban unda, oros gurun i cagan han i hesei takūrafi jecen be toktobume jihe amban elcin, o k'ol ni cei i na miyes ti ni ke bu eriyan sy k'oi fiyodoro elik siyei ye wei cy ho lo wen [okol'nichey i namestnik bryanskoy Fedor Alekseyevich Golovin]se, elhe taifin i orin jakūci sohon meihe aniya nadan biyai orin duin de, nibcoo i bade uheri acafi, juwe gurun i buthašame yabure buya urse cisui jecen be dabame buthašame, ishunde wandume durinume facuhūn yabure be fafulame, dulimbai gurun, oros gurun meni meni jecen i babe getukeleme toktobufi, doro acafi, enteheme goidame hūwaliyasun i banjire jalin toktobume gisurehengge. emu hacin, sahaliyan ula de amargici dosinjiha coran sere uruma birai hanci bisire gerbici bira be, jecen obufi, ere birai sekiyen i ergi wehe noho amba hinggan i mudun be jafahai mederi de niketele antu i ergi sahaliyan ula de dosikale bira birgan be gemu dulimbai gurun i harangga obume, bosoi ergi gūwa yaya bira birgan be gemu oros gurun i harangga obume, damu udi bira ci julesi, ere toktobuha hinggan i alin ci amasi, juwe siden de bisire, ba na, bira, birgan be taka siden de obufi, meni meni gurun de bederehe manggi, ba na be getukeleme baicafi, eici elcin takūrame gisurere, eici bithe unggime toktobure babe amala jai toktobume. emu hacin, ere toktobuha jecen be juwe gurun i buthašara urse be ainaha seme dababurakū obufi, emu juwe buya urse cisui jecen be dabame buthašame hūlhame yaburengge bici, jafafi meni meni ba na i harangga kadalara hafasa de benekini, ba na i hafasa tere yabuha niyalmai araha weilei ujen weihuken be ilgame weile arame isebukini, ereci fulu juwan tofohon i hokilafi, coohai agūra jafafi, buthašame yabure, niyalma wame durime cuwangname yaburengge bici, urunakū donjibume wesimbufi, uthai fafun i gamakini, emu udu niyalma endebume yabuha seme juwe gurun kemuni hūwaliyasun i banjime, afara dailara be duriburakū oki. emu hacin, neneme yabuha yaya hacin i fe baita be gisurerakūci tulgiyen, ne dulimbai gurun de bisire oros i niyalma, oros gurun de bisire dulimbai gurun i niyalma be ishunde gaire be nakafi uthai bibume. emu hacin, juwe gurun enteheme goidame hūwaliyame acaha be dahame, ereci amasi, yaya amasi julesi yabure niyalma jugūn yabure temgetu bithe bisirengge oci, terei udara uncara be iliburakū obume. emu hacin, doro acame gashūha inenggici amasi ukanju ukaci, ainaha seme singgeburakū, jafafi amasi bume. emu hacin, juwe gurun i ambasa acafi juwe jecen i afara dailara be nakabufi, doro acafi hūwaliyasun sain i enteheme goro goidame, umesi akdun i toktobuha babe dahame yabume jurcerakv oki, ere songkoi emte bithe arafi doron gidafi ishunde bime, geli ere songkoi dulimbai gurun i bithe, oros gurun i bithe, latino gurun bithe arafi, wehe de folofi juwe gurun i acan i bade ilibufi, goro goidame temgetu obuki. elhe taifin i orin jakūci aniya nadan biyai orin duin. ==External link== *[https://tieba.baidu.com/p/4975778929?red_tag=2159967708] [[Category:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ]] ov5wyqnoljjfuge9gvp8rytnnx4vi6n 0 285921 1338632 907593 2026-05-26T19:24:32Z Gradiaz 972196 /* Lyrics */ 1338632 wikitext text/x-wiki '''"Indonesia Raya"''' ("Great Indonesia") is the national anthem of Indonesia. It has been the national anthem since the proclamation of Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945. The song was introduced by its composer, Wage Rudolf Supratman, on 28 October 1928 during the Second Indonesian Youth Congress in Batavia. The song marked the birth of the all-archipelago nationalist movement in Indonesia that supported the idea of one single "Indonesia" as successor to the Dutch East Indies, rather than split into several colonies. The first newspaper to openly publish the musical notation and lyrics of "Indonesia Raya" — an act of defiance towards the Dutch authorities — was the Chinese Indonesian weekly Sin Po. The first stanza of "Indonesia Raya" was chosen as the national anthem when Indonesia proclaimed its independence on 17 August 1945. Jozef Cleber, a Dutch composer, created an arrangement of the tune for philharmonic orchestra in 1950. This arrangement is widely used. "Indonesia Raya" is played in flag raising ceremonies in schools across Indonesia every Monday. The flag is raised in a solemn and timed motion so that it reaches the top of the flagpole as the anthem ends. The main flag raising ceremony is held annually on 17 August to commemorate Independence day. The ceremony is led by the President of Indonesia and is usually held in Merdeka Palace. During the rendition or singing of the national anthem, all present except those in uniform should stand, face toward the music, and pay respect. Members of the Armed Forces, and other persons in uniform (e.g. secondary school students) must render the military salute. ==Lyrics== There is no official translation of "Indonesia Raya" into other languages. On 28 October 1953, on the 25th anniversary of the anthem, the ''Harian Umum'' daily published their own English, German, and Dutch translations of the song. A bulletin released by the Ministry of Information used these translations. Currently, however, the translations are no longer published. {|class="wikitable" style="background:none;" |- !Modern orthography !Van Ophuijsen orthography !1958 orthography !IPA transcription !Literal English translation !Poetic English translation |- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;" |<poem>Indonesia, tanah airku Tanah tumpah darahku Di sanalah aku berdiri Jadi pandu ibuku :Indonesia, kebangsaanku :Bangsa dan tanah airku :Marilah kita berseru :Indonesia bersatu! Hiduplah tanahku, hiduplah negeriku Bangsaku, rakyatku, semuanya Bangunlah jiwanya, bangunlah badannya Untuk Indonesia Raya ::'''Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!''' ::'''Tanahku, negeriku yang kucinta''' ::'''Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!''' ::'''Hiduplah Indonesia Raya!''' Indonesia, tanah yang mulia Tanah kita yang kaya Di sanalah aku berdiri Untuk selama-lamanya :Indonesia, tanah pusaka :Pusaka kita semuanya :Marilah kita mendoa :"Indonesia bahagia!" Suburlah tanahnya, suburlah jiwanya Bangsanya, rakyatnya, semuanya Sadarlah hatinya, sadarlah budinya Untuk Indonesia Raya :'''Indonesia Raya…''' Indonesia, tanah yang suci Tanah kita yang sakti Di sanalah aku berdiri Menjaga ibu sejati :Indonesia, tanah berseri :Tanah yang aku sayangi :Marilah kita berjanji :"Indonesia abadi!" Selamatlah rakyatnya, selamatlah putranya Pulaunya, lautnya, semuanya Majulah negerinya, majulah pandunya Untuk Indonesia Raya :'''Indonesia Raya…'''</poem> |<poem>Indonesia, tanah airkoe Tanah toempah darahkoe Di sanalah akoe berdiri Djadi pandoe iboekoe :Indonesia, kebangsaankoe :Bangsa dan tanah airkoe :Marilah kita berseroe :Indonesia bersatoe! Hidoeplah tanahkoe, hidoeplah negrikoe Bangsakoe, ra'jatkoe, semoeanja Bangoenlah djiwanja, bangoenlah badannja Oentoek Indonesia Raja ::'''Indonesia Raja, merdeka! Merdeka!''' ::'''Tanahkoe, negrikoe jang koetjinta''' ::'''Indonesia Raja, merdeka! Merdeka!''' ::'''Hidoeplah Indonesia Raja!''' Indonesia, tanah jang moelia Tanah kita jang kaja Di sanalah akoe berdiri Oentoek s'lama-lamanja :Indonesia, tanah poesaka :P'saka kita semoeanja :Marilah kita mendo'a :"Indonesia bahagia!" Soeboerlah tanahnja, soeboerlah djiwanja Bangsanja, ra'jatnja, semoeanja Sadarlah hatinja, sadarlah boedinja Oentoek Indonesia Raja :'''Indonesia Raja…''' Indonesia, tanah jang soetji Tanah kita jang sakti Di sanalah akoe berdiri 'Ndjaga iboe sedjati :Indonesia, tanah berseri :Tanah jang akoe sajangi :Marilah kita berdjandji :"Indonesia abadi!" Selamatlah ra'jatnja, selamatlah poetranja Poelaunja, laoetnja, semoeanja Madjoelah neg'rinja, madjoelah pandoenja Oentoek Indonesia Raja :'''Indonesia Raja…'''</poem> |<poem>Indonesia tanah airku, Tanah tumpah darahku, Disanalah aku berdiri, Djadi pandu ibuku. :Indonesia kebangsaanku, :Bangsa dan tanah airku, :Marilah kita berseru, :Indonesia bersatu. Hiduplah tanahku, hiduplah neg'riku, Bangsaku, Rajatku, sem'wanja, Bangunlah djiwanja, bangunlah badannja, Untuk Indonesia Raja. ::'''Indonesia Raja, merdeka, merdeka,''' ::'''Tanahku, neg'riku jang kutjinta!''' ::'''Indonesia Raja, merdeka, merdeka,''' ::'''Hiduplah Indonesia Raja.''' Indonesia, tanah jang mulia, Tanah kita jang kaja, Disanalah aku berdiri, Untuk s'lama-lamanja. :Indonesia, tanah pusaka, :P'saka kita semuanja, :Marilah kita mendoa, :Indonesia bahagia. Suburlah tanahnja, suburlah djiwanja, Bangsanja, Rajatnja, sem'wanja, Sadarlah hatinja, sadarlah budinja, Untuk Indonesia Raja. :'''Indonesia Raja…''' Indonesia, tanah jang sutji, Tanah kita jang sakti, Disanalah aku berdiri, Ndjaga ibu sedjati. :Indonesia, tanah berseri, :Tanah jang aku sajangi, :Marilah kita berdjandji, :Indonesia abadi. S'lamatlah rakjatnja, s'lamatlah putranja, Pulaunja, lautnja, sem'wanja, Madjulah Neg'rinja, madjulah pandunja, Untuk Indonesia Raja. :'''Indonesia Raja…''' </poem> |<poem>[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) a.ir.ku] [ta.na(h) tum.pa(h) da.ra(h).ku] [di sa.na.la(h) a.ku bər.di.ri] [d͡ʒa.di pan.du i.bu.ku] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja kə.baŋ.sa.(ʔ)an.ku] [baŋ.sa dan ta.na(h) a.ir.ku] [ma.ri.la(h) ki.ta bər.sə.ru] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja bər.sa.tu] [hi.dup̚.la(h) ta.na(h).ku hi.dup̚.la(h) nə.ɡ(ə)ri.ku] [baŋ.sa.ku ra(k̚).jat̚.ku sə.mu.a.ɲa] [baŋ.un.la(h) d͡ʒi.wa.ɲa baŋ.un.la(h) ba.da.ɲa] [un.tʊk̚ ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja] ::'''[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja mər.dɛ.ka mər.dɛ.ka]''' ::'''[ta.na(h).ku nə.ɡ(ə)ri.ku jaŋ ku.t͡ʃin.ta]''' ::'''[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja mər.dɛ.ka mər.dɛ.ka]''' ::'''[hi.dup̚.la(h) ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja]''' [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) jaŋ mu.lja] [ta.na(h) ki.ta jaŋ ka.ja] [di sa.na.la(h) a.ku bər.di.ri] [un.tuk̚ sla.ma la.ma.ɲa] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) pu.sa.ka] [p(u.)sa.ka ki.ta sə.mu.a.ɲa] [ma.ri.la(h) ki.ta mən.do.a] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ba.ha.gja] [su.bur.la(h) ta.na(h).ɲa su.bur.la(h) d͡ʒi.wa.ɲa] [baŋ.sa.ɲa ra(k̚).jat̚.ɲa sə.mu.a.ɲa] [sa.dar.la(h) ha.ti.ɲa sa.dar.la(h) bu.di.ɲa] [un.tuk̚ ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja] :'''[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja...]''' [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) jaŋ su.t͡ʃi] [ta.na(h) ki.ta jaŋ sak̚.ti] [di sa.na.la(h) a.ku bər.di.ri] [mən.d͡ʒa.ga i.bu sə.d͡ʒa.ti] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) bər.sə.ri] [ta.na(h) jaŋ a.ku sa.jaŋ.i] [ma.ri.la(h) ki.ta bər.d͡ʒan.d͡ʒi] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja a.ba.di] [sla.mat̚.la(h) ra(k̚).jat̚.ɲa sla.mat̚.lah put̚.ra.ɲa] [pu.lau̯.ɲa la.ut̚.ɲa sə.mu.a.ɲa] [ma.d͡ʒu.la(h) nə.g(ə)ri.ɲa ma.d͡ʒu.la(h) pan.du.ɲa] [un.tuk̚ ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja] :'''[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja...]'''</poem> |<poem>Indonesia, my homeland Land where my blood shed Over there, I stand To be my mother's guide Indonesia, my nationality My nation and homeland Let us exclaim Indonesia unites! Long live my land, long live my country My nation, my people, all of them Build its soul, build its body For Indonesia the Great! ::'''Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!''' ::'''My land, my country which I love!''' ::'''Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!''' ::'''Long live Indonesia the Great!''' Indonesia, a noble land Our wealthy land Over there, I stand Forever and ever Indonesia, a heritage land A heritage of ours Let us pray Happiness for Indonesia! Fertile may its soil, flourish may its soul Its nation, its people, all of them Aware may its heart, aware may its mind For Indonesia the Great! :'''Indonesia the Great...''' Indonesia, a sacred land Our victorious land Over there, I stand To guard the true mother Indonesia, a radiant land A land which I adore Let us pledge, Indonesia's eternal! Safe may its people, safe may its sons Its islands, its seas, all of them Advance its country, advance its scouts, For Indonesia the Great! :'''Indonesia the Great...'''</poem> |<poem>Indonesia, cherished land! 'Tis for thee we shed our blood, On guard for thee we stand, In thee we put our trust Indonesians, our people! Each other we do uphold, In declaration wholesale: To each other be true! Let her valiant people and her pure lands, Let her mighty peaks and prodigious sands, In body, in spirit, let them all arise, For Indonesia the Great! ::'''Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!''' ::'''These isles of ours beloved dearly!''' ::'''Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!''' ::'''For Indonesia the Great!''' Indonesia, land sublime, Fore'er bountiful and free, Where our roots we shall plant, For millennia to stand Indonesia, land of inher'tance, Entrusted to us all, For one thing we do ask, Strengthened be our esperance! Fertile are her fields, holy her soul From Sabang to Merauke, hear the call! With hearts awakened, with goodwill served, For Indonesia the Great! :'''Indonesia the Great...''' Indonesia, land so pure, A land mighty with resolve, To thee we pledge allegiance, Our sole unending love Indonesia, resplendent land, Patriot love in us command, Foremost in our hearts and minds, Indonesia, fore'er to stand! May her people, her land, may her peaks and her sands, From sea to seas, in peace be, May they all then advance, may they all then commence, For Indonesia the Great! :'''Indonesia the Great...'''</poem> |} == Bacaan lebih lanjut == Jika Anda ingin mengetahui lebih lanjut tentang Indonesia anda bisa membaca artikel tentang Indonesia di Mippedia. [[Category:National Anthems]] jvp4bowz1pvvsiuvtkrz70ep0aaf86i 1338670 1338632 2026-05-27T11:26:28Z Quangdat201 644015 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1338632|1338632]] by [[Special:Contributions/Gradiaz|Gradiaz]] ([[User talk:Gradiaz|talk]]): Rv 1338670 wikitext text/x-wiki '''"Indonesia Raya"''' ("Great Indonesia") is the national anthem of Indonesia. It has been the national anthem since the proclamation of Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945. The song was introduced by its composer, Wage Rudolf Supratman, on 28 October 1928 during the Second Indonesian Youth Congress in Batavia. The song marked the birth of the all-archipelago nationalist movement in Indonesia that supported the idea of one single "Indonesia" as successor to the Dutch East Indies, rather than split into several colonies. The first newspaper to openly publish the musical notation and lyrics of "Indonesia Raya" — an act of defiance towards the Dutch authorities — was the Chinese Indonesian weekly Sin Po. The first stanza of "Indonesia Raya" was chosen as the national anthem when Indonesia proclaimed its independence on 17 August 1945. Jozef Cleber, a Dutch composer, created an arrangement of the tune for philharmonic orchestra in 1950. This arrangement is widely used. "Indonesia Raya" is played in flag raising ceremonies in schools across Indonesia every Monday. The flag is raised in a solemn and timed motion so that it reaches the top of the flagpole as the anthem ends. The main flag raising ceremony is held annually on 17 August to commemorate Independence day. The ceremony is led by the President of Indonesia and is usually held in Merdeka Palace. During the rendition or singing of the national anthem, all present except those in uniform should stand, face toward the music, and pay respect. Members of the Armed Forces, and other persons in uniform (e.g. secondary school students) must render the military salute. ==Lyrics== There is no official translation of "Indonesia Raya" into other languages. On 28 October 1953, on the 25th anniversary of the anthem, the ''Harian Umum'' daily published their own English, German, and Dutch translations of the song. A bulletin released by the Ministry of Information used these translations. Currently, however, the translations are no longer published. {|class="wikitable" style="background:none;" |- !Modern orthography !Van Ophuijsen orthography !1958 orthography !IPA transcription !Literal English translation !Poetic English translation |- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;" |<poem>Indonesia, tanah airku Tanah tumpah darahku Di sanalah aku berdiri Jadi pandu ibuku :Indonesia, kebangsaanku :Bangsa dan tanah airku :Marilah kita berseru :Indonesia bersatu! Hiduplah tanahku, hiduplah negeriku Bangsaku, rakyatku, semuanya Bangunlah jiwanya, bangunlah badannya Untuk Indonesia Raya ::'''Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!''' ::'''Tanahku, negeriku yang kucinta''' ::'''Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!''' ::'''Hiduplah Indonesia Raya!''' Indonesia, tanah yang mulia Tanah kita yang kaya Di sanalah aku berdiri Untuk selama-lamanya :Indonesia, tanah pusaka :Pusaka kita semuanya :Marilah kita mendoa :"Indonesia bahagia!" Suburlah tanahnya, suburlah jiwanya Bangsanya, rakyatnya, semuanya Sadarlah hatinya, sadarlah budinya Untuk Indonesia Raya :'''Indonesia Raya…''' Indonesia, tanah yang suci Tanah kita yang sakti Di sanalah aku berdiri Menjaga ibu sejati :Indonesia, tanah berseri :Tanah yang aku sayangi :Marilah kita berjanji :"Indonesia abadi!" Selamatlah rakyatnya, selamatlah putranya Pulaunya, lautnya, semuanya Majulah negerinya, majulah pandunya Untuk Indonesia Raya :'''Indonesia Raya…'''</poem> |<poem>Indonesia, tanah airkoe Tanah toempah darahkoe Di sanalah akoe berdiri Djadi pandoe iboekoe :Indonesia, kebangsaankoe :Bangsa dan tanah airkoe :Marilah kita berseroe :Indonesia bersatoe! Hidoeplah tanahkoe, hidoeplah negrikoe Bangsakoe, ra'jatkoe, semoeanja Bangoenlah djiwanja, bangoenlah badannja Oentoek Indonesia Raja ::'''Indonesia Raja, merdeka! Merdeka!''' ::'''Tanahkoe, negrikoe jang koetjinta''' ::'''Indonesia Raja, merdeka! Merdeka!''' ::'''Hidoeplah Indonesia Raja!''' Indonesia, tanah jang moelia Tanah kita jang kaja Di sanalah akoe berdiri Oentoek s'lama-lamanja :Indonesia, tanah poesaka :P'saka kita semoeanja :Marilah kita mendo'a :"Indonesia bahagia!" Soeboerlah tanahnja, soeboerlah djiwanja Bangsanja, ra'jatnja, semoeanja Sadarlah hatinja, sadarlah boedinja Oentoek Indonesia Raja :'''Indonesia Raja…''' Indonesia, tanah jang soetji Tanah kita jang sakti Di sanalah akoe berdiri 'Ndjaga iboe sedjati :Indonesia, tanah berseri :Tanah jang akoe sajangi :Marilah kita berdjandji :"Indonesia abadi!" Selamatlah ra'jatnja, selamatlah poetranja Poelaunja, laoetnja, semoeanja Madjoelah neg'rinja, madjoelah pandoenja Oentoek Indonesia Raja :'''Indonesia Raja…'''</poem> |<poem>Indonesia tanah airku, Tanah tumpah darahku, Disanalah aku berdiri, Djadi pandu ibuku. :Indonesia kebangsaanku, :Bangsa dan tanah airku, :Marilah kita berseru, :Indonesia bersatu. Hiduplah tanahku, hiduplah neg'riku, Bangsaku, Rajatku, sem'wanja, Bangunlah djiwanja, bangunlah badannja, Untuk Indonesia Raja. ::'''Indonesia Raja, merdeka, merdeka,''' ::'''Tanahku, neg'riku jang kutjinta!''' ::'''Indonesia Raja, merdeka, merdeka,''' ::'''Hiduplah Indonesia Raja.''' Indonesia, tanah jang mulia, Tanah kita jang kaja, Disanalah aku berdiri, Untuk s'lama-lamanja. :Indonesia, tanah pusaka, :P'saka kita semuanja, :Marilah kita mendoa, :Indonesia bahagia. Suburlah tanahnja, suburlah djiwanja, Bangsanja, Rajatnja, sem'wanja, Sadarlah hatinja, sadarlah budinja, Untuk Indonesia Raja. :'''Indonesia Raja…''' Indonesia, tanah jang sutji, Tanah kita jang sakti, Disanalah aku berdiri, Ndjaga ibu sedjati. :Indonesia, tanah berseri, :Tanah jang aku sajangi, :Marilah kita berdjandji, :Indonesia abadi. S'lamatlah rakjatnja, s'lamatlah putranja, Pulaunja, lautnja, sem'wanja, Madjulah Neg'rinja, madjulah pandunja, Untuk Indonesia Raja. :'''Indonesia Raja…''' </poem> |<poem>[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) a.ir.ku] [ta.na(h) tum.pa(h) da.ra(h).ku] [di sa.na.la(h) a.ku bər.di.ri] [d͡ʒa.di pan.du i.bu.ku] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja kə.baŋ.sa.(ʔ)an.ku] [baŋ.sa dan ta.na(h) a.ir.ku] [ma.ri.la(h) ki.ta bər.sə.ru] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja bər.sa.tu] [hi.dup̚.la(h) ta.na(h).ku hi.dup̚.la(h) nə.ɡ(ə)ri.ku] [baŋ.sa.ku ra(k̚).jat̚.ku sə.mu.a.ɲa] [baŋ.un.la(h) d͡ʒi.wa.ɲa baŋ.un.la(h) ba.da.ɲa] [un.tʊk̚ ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja] ::'''[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja mər.dɛ.ka mər.dɛ.ka]''' ::'''[ta.na(h).ku nə.ɡ(ə)ri.ku jaŋ ku.t͡ʃin.ta]''' ::'''[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja mər.dɛ.ka mər.dɛ.ka]''' ::'''[hi.dup̚.la(h) ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja]''' [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) jaŋ mu.lja] [ta.na(h) ki.ta jaŋ ka.ja] [di sa.na.la(h) a.ku bər.di.ri] [un.tuk̚ sla.ma la.ma.ɲa] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) pu.sa.ka] [p(u.)sa.ka ki.ta sə.mu.a.ɲa] [ma.ri.la(h) ki.ta mən.do.a] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ba.ha.gja] [su.bur.la(h) ta.na(h).ɲa su.bur.la(h) d͡ʒi.wa.ɲa] [baŋ.sa.ɲa ra(k̚).jat̚.ɲa sə.mu.a.ɲa] [sa.dar.la(h) ha.ti.ɲa sa.dar.la(h) bu.di.ɲa] [un.tuk̚ ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja] :'''[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja...]''' [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) jaŋ su.t͡ʃi] [ta.na(h) ki.ta jaŋ sak̚.ti] [di sa.na.la(h) a.ku bər.di.ri] [mən.d͡ʒa.ga i.bu sə.d͡ʒa.ti] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ta.na(h) bər.sə.ri] [ta.na(h) jaŋ a.ku sa.jaŋ.i] [ma.ri.la(h) ki.ta bər.d͡ʒan.d͡ʒi] [ɪn.do.nɛ.sja a.ba.di] [sla.mat̚.la(h) ra(k̚).jat̚.ɲa sla.mat̚.lah put̚.ra.ɲa] [pu.lau̯.ɲa la.ut̚.ɲa sə.mu.a.ɲa] [ma.d͡ʒu.la(h) nə.g(ə)ri.ɲa ma.d͡ʒu.la(h) pan.du.ɲa] [un.tuk̚ ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja] :'''[ɪn.do.nɛ.sja ra.ja...]'''</poem> |<poem>Indonesia, my homeland Land where my blood shed Over there, I stand To be my mother's guide Indonesia, my nationality My nation and homeland Let us exclaim Indonesia unites! Long live my land, long live my country My nation, my people, all of them Build its soul, build its body For Indonesia the Great! ::'''Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!''' ::'''My land, my country which I love!''' ::'''Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!''' ::'''Long live Indonesia the Great!''' Indonesia, a noble land Our wealthy land Over there, I stand Forever and ever Indonesia, a heritage land A heritage of ours Let us pray Happiness for Indonesia! Fertile may its soil, flourish may its soul Its nation, its people, all of them Aware may its heart, aware may its mind For Indonesia the Great! :'''Indonesia the Great...''' Indonesia, a sacred land Our victorious land Over there, I stand To guard the true mother Indonesia, a radiant land A land which I adore Let us pledge, Indonesia's eternal! Safe may its people, safe may its sons Its islands, its seas, all of them Advance its country, advance its scouts, For Indonesia the Great! :'''Indonesia the Great...'''</poem> |<poem>Indonesia, cherished land! 'Tis for thee we shed our blood, On guard for thee we stand, In thee we put our trust Indonesians, our people! Each other we do uphold, In declaration wholesale: To each other be true! Let her valiant people and her pure lands, Let her mighty peaks and prodigious sands, In body, in spirit, let them all arise, For Indonesia the Great! ::'''Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!''' ::'''These isles of ours beloved dearly!''' ::'''Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!''' ::'''For Indonesia the Great!''' Indonesia, land sublime, Fore'er bountiful and free, Where our roots we shall plant, For millennia to stand Indonesia, land of inher'tance, Entrusted to us all, For one thing we do ask, Strengthened be our esperance! Fertile are her fields, holy her soul From Sabang to Merauke, hear the call! With hearts awakened, with goodwill served, For Indonesia the Great! :'''Indonesia the Great...''' Indonesia, land so pure, A land mighty with resolve, To thee we pledge allegiance, Our sole unending love Indonesia, resplendent land, Patriot love in us command, Foremost in our hearts and minds, Indonesia, fore'er to stand! May her people, her land, may her peaks and her sands, From sea to seas, in peace be, May they all then advance, may they all then commence, For Indonesia the Great! :'''Indonesia the Great...'''</poem> |} [[Category:National Anthems]] kbr54fedsh2szon8a9tm486ilgqz3hs 104 375224 1338623 1244893 2026-05-26T13:29:26Z Rocky 734 447394 /* Validated */ ᱚᱞ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ 1338623 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Rocky 734" />{{Right|00}}</noinclude> {{center|{{x-larger|ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟᱠ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨᱮ}}}} ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ' ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ MA ᱚᱞᱚᱜᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱸᱜᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ ᱞᱤᱧ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱠᱮᱜ ᱟ ᱾ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱺ ᱡᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱸᱥᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱞᱤᱧ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱟ ᱾ {{Left|ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱯᱚᱫᱟ}} {{Left|ᱢᱟᱹ ᱐᱑.᱐᱗.᱒᱐᱑᱙, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]]<noinclude></noinclude> tvy21d5gf3suf6tecrrs9gzcd4jje6l 104 375225 1338624 1244894 2026-05-26T13:33:09Z Rocky 734 447394 /* Validated */ 1338624 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Rocky 734" />{{Left|00}}</noinclude>{{center|{{xx-larger|ᱩᱱᱩᱫᱩᱜ}}}} {{rh|ᱮᱞᱮᱞ|ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ|ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ}} {|width=98% |- |᱑. || ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱴᱷᱟᱹᱱ || ᱑ |- |᱒. ||ᱨᱚᱲ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ || ᱒᱔ |- |᱓. || ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|| ᱓᱗ |- |᱔. || ᱨᱚᱲ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱡᱮ|| 45 |- |᱕. || ᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ || 60 |- |᱖. || ᱟᱲᱟᱝ| 67 |- |᱗. || ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ || 74 |- |᱘. || ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ || 80 |- |᱙ᱹ || ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱠ|| 86 |- |᱑᱐ᱹ || ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ || 91 |- |᱑᱑. || ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱚᱲᱨᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ || 98 |- |᱑᱒ᱹ || ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ || 104 |- |᱑᱓ᱹ || ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ || 106 |- |᱑᱔ᱹ || ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱚᱲᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱭᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ || 108 |- |᱑᱕ᱹ || ᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ (Syntax)|| 112 |} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]]<noinclude></noinclude> ddx3w86ip78yftwtihrcs8dlfg9ruoc 104 376281 1338625 1244895 2026-05-26T13:48:19Z Rocky 734 447394 /* Validated */ 1338625 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Rocky 734" />{{right|1}}</noinclude> {{center|{{x-larger|ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱴᱷᱟᱹᱱ}}}} ᱨᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱸᱫᱟ ᱠᱩᱸᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱵᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱴᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱥᱩᱵᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱫᱚ ᱾ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱸᱫᱟᱠᱩᱸᱫᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱩᱸᱻᱪᱩᱸᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱚᱲᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱮᱬᱮ,ᱵᱤᱱᱛᱤ, ᱨᱟᱭᱨᱤᱛ, ᱞᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱢᱴᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱜ ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱜ ᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱯᱟᱠᱷᱟᱨᱮ᱾ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨᱜᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱚᱲᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ? ‘ᱚᱲ’ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱨᱮ ‘ᱨ’ ᱟᱜᱟᱛ ᱞᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ‘ᱨᱚᱲ’ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ‘ᱚᱲ’ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ‘ᱚᱲᱚᱝ’ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱮ, ‘ᱪᱮᱫᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱚᱲ ᱟᱭᱟ’᱾ ‘ᱪᱮᱫᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱲᱵᱚᱝ ᱟᱭᱟ’ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱟᱭ [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]]<noinclude></noinclude> acllhlt0mtrmouwug0yzqwjk37eazo1 108 429062 1338651 1232007 2026-05-27T06:02:18Z Confidence24 951249 1338651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Francis Hubert | lastname = Zabel | last_initial = Za | description = Ụkọchukwu Katọlik bụ onye French-America ==Ọrụ ya== *Diocese of Alton {{PD-old}} [[Category: Igbo]] 2l9nv3c2kd43w0lr2r1gtvputxukdtp 108 429169 1338655 1233051 2026-05-27T10:25:12Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 /* Ọrụ ya */ 1338655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Frederick William | lastname = Davis | last-initial = | birthyear = | deathyear = | description = Onye edemede }} ==Ọrụ ya== * ''Red Raven Stories'' in ''Detective Story Magazine'' (1916) (as Scott Campbell) ** " Detective Story Magazine/Volume 2/Number 5/A Chance Clew|VIII. A Chance Clew]] {{PD-US}} [[Category: Igbo]] q7rqtxurw7iktddecmpikjqwarq7d5c 1338656 1338655 2026-05-27T10:26:07Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 1338656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Frederick William | lastname = Davis | last-initial = | birthyear = | deathyear = | description = Onye edemede }} ==Ọrụ ya== * ''Red Raven Stories'' in ''Detective Story Magazine'' (1916) (as Scott Campbell) ** " Detective Story Magazine/Volume 2/Number 5/A Chance Clew|VIII. A Chance Clew {{PD-US}} [[Category: Igbo]] fn01x58qx7z4kmw01f62fgsqeh0eu0i 0 429234 1338642 1233223 2026-05-26T20:54:28Z IfyClassique 882168 1338642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete|Duplicate of [[Author:Thomas J. Brown]]}} {{author | firstname = Thomas J. | lastname = Brown | description = Onye edemede Canada si Nova Scotia }} ==Works== * ''Place-Names of the Province of Nova Scotia'' (1922) {{PD-US|1926}} [[Category:Igbo]] dpmwlgt9v3lx5dri1mtt1c6ziawcakk 0 429241 1338641 1233232 2026-05-26T20:52:09Z IfyClassique 882168 1338641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete|Duplicate of [[Author:Mary Chavelita Dunne Bright]]}} {{author | firstname = Mary Chavelita Dunne | lastname = Bright | description = Anglo-Australian "Nwanyị Ọhụrụ" onye edemede na nwanyị; a mụrụ Mary Elizabeth Annie Dunne; Aha mkpịsị akwụkwọ ya mara nke ọma ''George Egerton'' }} ==Works== * ''Keynotes'' ===Translations=== * '''', by [[Author:Ola Hansson|, translated from the Swedish (1895) * ''[[Hunger (Hamsun)|'' by [[Author:Knut Hamsun|, translated from the Norwegian (1899) {{PD-US|1945}} [[Category:igbo]] 34eznj9o9u7br4rnc1u35exia4f7990 0 429245 1338637 1233236 2026-05-26T20:41:46Z IfyClassique 882168 /* Works */ 1338637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Edith Rathbone Jacobs | lastname = Brainerd | description = Onye edemede America na onye edemede akụkọ ifo bụ onye ji aha mkpịsị akwụkwọ '''E. J. Rath '' na mmekorita ya na di ya ''Chauncey Corey Brainerd'' }} {{delete|Duplicate of [[Author:Edith Rath one Jacobs]]}} == Works == === Novels === * (1907) * (1908) * (1917) * (1916) * (1918) * (1918) * (1920) * (1920) === Short stories === * (1910) [[Category:Igbo]] iab47ll55ihngj5s7bkgyap3h2ui7el 1338640 1338637 2026-05-26T20:49:05Z IfyClassique 882168 1338640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete|Duplicate of [[Author:Edith Rathbone Jacobs Brainerd]]}} {{author | firstname = Edith Rathbone Jacobs | lastname = Brainerd | description = Onye edemede America na onye edemede akụkọ ifo bụ onye ji aha mkpịsị akwụkwọ '''E. J. Rath '' na mmekorita ya na di ya ''Chauncey Corey Brainerd'' }} == Works == === Novels === * (1907) * (1908) * (1917) * (1916) * (1918) * (1918) * (1920) * (1920) === Short stories === * (1910) [[Category:Igbo]] 1ne7ymmsoz9yjltvd50io8tt89x07v2 0 429271 1338644 1338467 2026-05-26T21:17:19Z IfyClassique 882168 1338644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete|Duplicate of [[Author:Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich]]}} {{author | firstname = Otto Wilhelm Hermann | lastname = von Abich | last_initial = Ab | description = Ọzọkwa '''W. H. Abich '' na ''Hermann Abich'''. }} ==Ọrụ ya== * ''Ueber das Steinsalz und Seine Geologische Stellung im Russischen Armenien'' (1857) * ''Vergleichende Geologische Grundzüge der Kaukasischen, Armenischen und Nordpersischen Gebirge...'' (1858) * "Über eine im Caspischen Meere Erschienene Insel...", ''Mémoires de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg'', 7th Series, Vol. VI, No. 5 (1863) * "Einleitende Grundzüge der Geologie der Halbinseln Kertsch und Taman...", ''Mémoires de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg'', 7th Series, Vol. IX, No. 4 (1865) * "Die Fulguriten im Andesit des Kleinen Ararat, nebst Bemerkungen über Östliche Einflüsse bei der Bildung Elektrischer Gewitter", ''Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften der Berlin'', Vol. 60 (1869) * ''Aus Kaukasischen Ländern'' (1893) ==Ọrụ banyere Abich== * "[[1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Abich, Otto Wilhelm Hermann von|Abich, Otto Wilhelm Hermann von]]," [[EB11|''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 11th ed.]] (1911) 1900 [[category:igbo]] 9h161625fohexw643iucq5rst4xkfpv 0 429272 1338643 1233543 2026-05-26T21:02:39Z IfyClassique 882168 1338643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete|Duplicate of [[Author:Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn `Abd Rabbih]]}} {{author | firstname = Ahmad ibn Muhammad | lastname = ibn `Abd Rabbih | last_initial = Ab | description = Onye na-ede uri Andalusian, nke a maara dị ka ''Ibn 'Abd Rabbih'' | portal = Arabic literature/Medieval poetry }} ==Ọrụ ya== * ''The Unique Necklace'' (al-ʿIqd al-Farīd) ==Ọrụ banyere ibn `Abd Rabbih== * {{EB1911 link|Ibn 'Abd Rabbihi|author=[[Author:Griffithes Wheeler Thatcher|Griffithes Wheeler Thatcher]]}} {{PD-old}} [[category:igbo]] [[Category:Medieval poets]] l4c4qr0lvr0q28i4drp04ozq6lsnmdp 108 429359 1338657 1233924 2026-05-27T10:28:05Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 /* Ọrụ ya */ 1338657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Rufus | lastname = Dawes | last-initial = | description = onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Amerika na onye ode }} ==Ọrụ ya== * "Innocence" in ''Stories for Corinne'' (1846) * "The Fairy of the Rose" in ''Stories for Corinne'' (1846) * ''The Valley of the Nashaway and Other Poems'' (1830) * ''Geraldine, Athenia of Damascus, and Miscellaneous Poems'' (1839) * " Selections from the American Poets/To an Infant sleeping in a Garden|To an Infant Sleeping in a Garden " * " Selections from the American Poets/Sunrise from Mount Washington|Sunrise from Mount Washington " [[Category:Igbo]] 8cv0o2jp6jk4n1rjf2xmfcj138jj7j1 108 429364 1338658 1233987 2026-05-27T10:30:53Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 /* Ọrụ ya */ 1338658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Henri-Robert-Marcel | lastname = Duchamp | last-initial = | birthyear = | deathyear = | description = onye na-akpụ ihe, onye na-egwu chess makwa onye na esi ihe }} ==Ọrụ ya== * co-creator and co-editor of ''Rongwrong'' {{PD-US|1968}} [[Category:Igbo]] pgn8kgyrndqduvd3zbnn0vm44zog2p2 108 429407 1338659 1234033 2026-05-27T10:31:29Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 1338659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Mary Elizabeth | lastname = Dudley | last-initial = | birthyear = | deathyear = | description = onye ode ukwu akwụkwọ ụmụaka na ode akwụkwọ okpukperechi Irish }} ==Ọrụ ya== * ''Tangled Threads: A Tale of Mormonism'' (1905) {{PD-US}} [[Category:Igbo]] ob6mmmn4wkvm508w1jppxc1roxeb1it 108 429408 1338660 1234034 2026-05-27T10:33:32Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 Fixed template 1338660 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Eliza Bisbee | lastname = Duffey | last_initial = | description = onye Amerika na ese ihe,onye na ahụ maka umunwanyi na onye na eme ihe mmụọ }} ==Ọrụ ya== ===Akwụkwọ gbasara ụmụ nwaanyị=== * (1870) "Women's Work and Women's Wages" in ''Arthur's Home Magazine' * (1874) ''No Sex in Education'' * (1879) ''What Women Should Know'' * (1889) ''The Relations of the Sexes (Duffey)|The Relations of the Sexes'' ===Ụkpụrụ omume=== * (1876) ''Our Behaviour'', a first edition of ''The Ladies' and Gentlemen's Etiquette'' although not marked as such * (1877) ''The Ladies' and Gentlemen's Etiquette'' ===Akwụkwọ ime mmụọ=== * (1889) ''Heaven Revised'' * (1894) ''An Investigative Study of Spiritualism'' {{PD-old}} [[Category:Igbo]] gpqu4as4p8yddqdtrculkl1vtsilotu 108 429978 1338653 1235150 2026-05-27T10:21:36Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 /* Ọrụ ya */ 1338653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Zhen | lastname = Dai | last_initial = Zh | invert_names = yes | description = Onye ọka ihe ọmụma China nke usoro ndị eze Qing }} ==Ọrụ ya== * "Yuanshan (Inquiry into the Good) in Three Paragraphs" {{PD-old}} [[Category: Igbo]] soum1v43yix06n5ota4sy7sivb0259i 0 430635 1338645 1235873 2026-05-26T21:31:43Z IfyClassique 882168 1338645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete|Duplicate of [[Author:`Abdu'l-Bahá]]}} {{author | firstname = ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (Abbas Effendi) | lastname = | last_initial = Ab | description = ʻAbdu'l-Baha, onye aha ọmụmụ ya bụ Abbas Effendi, bụ ọkpara [[Author:Bahá'u'lláh|Baháʼu'lláh]], onye malitere [[w:Bahá'í Faith|Baháʼí Faith]]. Ọ were aha 'Abdu'l-Baha (nke pụtara "Ohu Bahá") iji sọpụrụ ma dokwuo anya mmekọrịta enyemaka ya na nna ya. A họpụtara ya onye nketa nke nna ya, na ọ bụ naanị ya nyere ikike ịtụgharị akwụkwọ nsọ nke okpukpe a. | defaultsort = Abdul-Baha }} ==Ọrụ ya == * [[Purpose of the Bahai Movement]] (1912) * [[Some Answered Questions]] * [[Divine Philosophy]] * [[Tablets of the Divine Plan]] * [[Foundations of World Unity]] * [[The Promulgation of Universal Peace]] * [[Will and Testament of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá]] * [[Secret of Divine Civilization|The Secret of Divine Civilization]] * [[Paris Talks]] * [[Memorials of the Faithful]] {{PD-old}} [[category:igbo]] [[Category:Iranian authors]] [[Category:Clerics as authors]] 2gwzgyinxeiehpft2mxrnde5mrcwvx1 108 432130 1338669 1237964 2026-05-27T11:24:41Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 /* Orụ ya */ 1338669 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = George | lastname = Catlin | last_initial = Ca | description = Onye America na-ese ihe, ode akwụkwọ na onye njem pụrụ iche na eserese nke ndị Amerịka na Old West }} ==Orụ ya== * ''Manners, Customs, and Condition of the North American Indians'' (1841) * ''Eight Years' Travels and Residence in Europe'' (1848) * ''Last Rambles amongst the Indians of the Rocky Mountains and the Andes'' (1868) * ''My Life among the Indians'' (1909, posthumous) ==ọrụ banyere Catlin== {{PD-old}} [[Category:Igbo]] [[Category:United States authors|Catlin, George]] ccaggzx0syetk9vqzekv0rqdkha8vep 108 432142 1338654 1237977 2026-05-27T10:23:39Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 /* Ọrụ ya */ 1338654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Pierre | lastname = d'Ailly | last_initial = Ai | description = Ọkàmmụta okpukpe Frans na Kadịnal nke Ụka Roman Katọlik. Na Latin ama ya ka Petrus Aliacensis maọbu Petrus de Alliaco }} ==Ọrụ ya== * "The Acts and Monuments of John Foxe/Volume 3/History of the Bohemians (continuation 2)"The words of the cardinal of Cambray, unto John Huss after his accusation|The words of the cardinal of Cambray, unto John Huss after his accusation (1415) ==Ọrụ gbasara d'Ailly== *Ailly, Pierre D' *Pierre d'Ailly {{PD-old}} [[Category:Roman Catholic bishops]] [[Category:Igbo]] tfffgd0fpnc4er9hfaps4ij1totce9x 108 432147 1338668 1237984 2026-05-27T11:23:34Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 /* Orụ ya */ 1338668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Lucius Sergius | lastname = Catilina | last_initial = Ca | description = Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Rome kacha mara amara maka izu nzuzo Catiline: mbọ (ụzọ abụọ) nke dara ada ịkwatu Roman Republic na ike nke Senate aristocratic. The aphorism: "O tempora o mores" sitere na [[Onye edemede: Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero]] n'okwu megide Catalina }} ==Orụ ya== * ''The Bellum Catilinarium of Sallust, and Cicero's Four Orations Against Catiline: With Notes. Together with the Bellum Jugurthinum of Sallust'' by Author:William Trollope|William Trollope (1830) {{PD-old}} [[Category:Igbo]] q87tmkwwhnhq2jmrfkkyy4ohn6ujzza 108 432150 1338667 1237987 2026-05-27T11:22:35Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 /* Orụ ya */ 1338667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Frederick | lastname = Catherwood | last_initial = Ca | description = Onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Bekee; echetara maka ihe osise zuru oke nke mkpọmkpọ ebe nke mmepeanya ndị Maya }} ==Orụ ya== * ''Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan'' (as editor and illustrator) {{PD-old}} [[Category:Igbo]] 9i3jle2sizcgx8di4lt53xtq2nyya6a 0 432158 1338638 1237996 2026-05-26T20:44:17Z IfyClassique 882168 1338638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete|Duplicate of [[Author:Annette Susannah]]}} {{author | firstname = Annette Susannah | lastname = Beveridge | last_initial = Be | description = Onye na-agụ gbasara ndị India na asụsụ ha; amụrụ ya ka '''Annette Susannah Akroyd''' }} ==Ọrụ ya== === Ntụgharị === *[[The Babur-nama in English]], memoirs of the Mughal emperor * "[[The brown fairy book/What the Rose did to the Cypress|What the Rose did to the Cypress]]" The brown fairy book. London; New York: Longmans, Green. 1904 [[Category: Igbo]] 5egyffqjlidmohufdeh3sclccxswafm 1338639 1338638 2026-05-26T20:46:17Z IfyClassique 882168 1338639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete|Duplicate of [[Author:Annette Susannah Beveridge]]}} {{author | firstname = Annette Susannah | lastname = Beveridge | last_initial = Be | description = Onye na-agụ gbasara ndị India na asụsụ ha; amụrụ ya ka '''Annette Susannah Akroyd''' }} ==Ọrụ ya== === Ntụgharị === *[[The Babur-nama in English]], memoirs of the Mughal emperor * "[[The brown fairy book/What the Rose did to the Cypress|What the Rose did to the Cypress]]" The brown fairy book. London; New York: Longmans, Green. 1904 [[Category: Igbo]] 5w547lsfa9sfvumes1e7o1i8rt5cgw9 108 432244 1338666 1238123 2026-05-27T11:21:36Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 Removed template 1338666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Willa Sibert | lastname = Cather | last_initial = Ca | description = Onye edemede America bụ onye tolitere na Nebraska; enwetara nkwanye ugwu maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke ndụ oke na Great Plains {{media|key = y |type = spoken}} }} ==Orụ ya== ===Akwụkwọ akụkọ=== * ''Alexander's Bridge'', 1912 ** as ''Alexander's Masquerade'', 1912 in ''McClure's Magazine'' (3-part serial) * "Prairie Trilogy" ** ''O Pioneers!'' (1913) ** ''The Song of the Lark'' (1915) ** ''My Ántonia'' (1918) {{smaller|1924 printing:}} {{small scan link|My Ántonia (1924).djvu}} * ''One of Ours'' (1922) (Pulitzer Prize, 1923) * ''A Lost Lady'' (1923) {{ssl|A Lost Lady, by Willa Cather.pdf}} * ''The Professor's House'' (1925) * ''My Mortal Enemy'' (1926) * ''Death Comes for the Archbishop'' (1927) * ===Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi=== ====Nchịkọta==== * ''The Troll Garden'', 1905 ** ''The Troll Garden/Flavia and Her Artists|Flavia and Her Artists ** The Troll Garden/The Sculptor's Funeral|The Sculptor's Funeral ** The Troll Garden/The Garden Lodge|The Garden Lodge ** The Troll Garden/"A Death in the Desert"|"A Death in the Desert" ** The Troll Garden/The Marriage of Phædra|The Marriage of Phædra ** The Troll Garden/A Wagner Matinee|A Wagner Matinee ** The Troll Garden/Paul's Case|Paul's Case * ''Youth and the Bright Medusa'', 1920 ** Coming, Aphrodite! (''a.k.a.'' Coming, Eden Bower!) ** The Diamond Mine ** A Gold Slipper ** Scandal ** Paul's Case ** A Wagner Matinee ** The Sculptor's Funeral ** A Death in the Desert ====Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke onwe==== * "The Affair at Grover Station" (1900) * "Ardessa," 1918, ''Century Magazine'' * "The Bookkeeper's Wife," 1916, ''Century Magazine'' * "McClure's Magazine/Volume 39/Number 4/The Bohemian Girl|The Bohemian Girl," 1912 Aug, ''McClure's Magazine'' (novelette) * The Smart Set/Volume 61/Issue 4/Coming, Eden Bower!|Coming, Eden Bower!," 1900 Jan, ''The Smart Set.'' A.K.A. "Coming, Aphrodite!" (novelette) * "McClure's Magazine/Volume 46/Number 1/Consequences|Consequences," 1915 Nov, ''McClure's Magazine'' * "Eleanor's House," 1907, ''McClure's Magazine'' * The Smart Set/Volume 59/Issue 2/Her Boss|Her Boss," 1919 Oct, ''The Smart Set'' (ss) * "The Enchanted Bluff," 1909, ''Harper's Magazine'' * "Eric Hermannson's Soul," 1900 Apr, ''Cosmopolitan|The Cosmopolitan'' * "The Fear That Walks by Noonday," 1895, in ''The Sombrero''. (Written with author:Dorothy Canfield|Dorothy Canfield when both were students. The first published work of both.) * "The Namesake," 1907, ''McClure's Magazine'' * "On the Divide," 1896, in ''Overland Monthly'' * "On the Gulls' Road" * "Paul's Case" (also included in ''The Troll Garden'', 1905) * "The Princess Baladina—Her Adventure," 1896, in ''Home Monthly'' [as, by Charles Douglass] * "The Profile," 1907 in ''McClure's Magazine'' * "A Wagner Matinee." (also included in ''The Troll Garden'', 1905) * "The Westbound Train" ===Edemede n'otu n'otu=== * "On the Art of Fiction," 1916, (non-fiction) in ''The Borzoi 1920'', selection by Alfred A. * "Roll Call on the Prairies," 1919 May, ''The New Red Cross Magazine'' (article) * "A General in the Making," 1919 Sept, ''The New Red Cross Magazine'' (article) * "The Education You Have to Fight For," 1919 Oct, ''The New Red Cross Magazine'' (article) ===Abụ=== * ''April Twilights'' (poetry), 1903 <small>[https://cather.unl.edu/0005.html Willa Cather Archive]</small> ** ''Evening Song (Cather)|Evening Song'' * "McClure's Magazine/Volume 30/Number 2/The Star Dial|The Star Dial" (1907 Dec, ''McClure's Magazine'') * "Spanish Johnny," 1912, ''McClure's Magazine'' * Scribner's Magazine/Volume 54/Number 6/A Likeness|A Likeness," 1913 Dec, ''Scribner's Magazine'' ==ọrụ banyere Cather== * "Writers of the Day: Willa Sibert Cather." Extract from "Writers of the Day" in ''The Writer'', June 1900 * "Willa Cather and the Changing World|Willa Cather and the Changing World" (1926), an essay by Author:Stuart Pratt Sherman|Stuart Pratt Sherman {{PD-US|1947}} [[Category:United States authors]] [[Category:Novelists]] [[Category:Short story authors]] [[Category:Poets]] [[Category:Episcopalian authors]] [[Category:Pulitzer Prize winners]] [[Category:Igbo]] o9laais13i18m7rpg5d8it6lcx7lq4h 108 432245 1338665 1238124 2026-05-27T10:58:32Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 Removed template 1338665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Katherine Dunlap | lastname = Cather | last_initial = Ca | description = Onye edemede America }} ==Orụ ya== * "St. Nicholas/Volume 41/Number 1/The Singing Clock|The Singing Clock" in ''St. Nicholas'', "St. Nicholas/Volume 41|Vol. 41, "St. Nicholas/Volume 41/Number 1|No. 1" (1913) * Girlhood Stories of Famous Women (1924) {{PD-old}} [[Category:Igbo]] n5ta5kd56i8lffolru1z5cw5g79nv1i 108 432278 1338664 1238172 2026-05-27T10:49:08Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 Removed template 1338664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Arthur | lastname = Cates | last_initial = Ca | description = British rchite na onye nyocha; Onye otu ụlọ ọrụ nyocha }} ==Orụ ya== * Contributed to six-volume ''Dictionary of Architecture'' (1852–92) ==ọrụ banyere Cates== * {{PD-old}} [[Category:Igbo]] lhorrfx5xq2ha0pphia0aq6t6u3netg 108 432279 1338663 1238174 2026-05-27T10:44:00Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 Removed template 1338663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Gianfranco | lastname = Caterina | last_initial = Ca | description = }} ==Orụ ya== * " Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional/Volume 63/Issue 1/Gagarin in Brazil " [[Category:Igbo]] 3ueknd53hllfg37tdwqpxp5txtvdc93 108 432280 1338662 1238175 2026-05-27T10:42:23Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 Removed template 1338662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = Andries | lastname = ten Cate | last_initial = Ca | description = onye na-ede ihe mba Dutch | defaultsort = Cate, Andries ten }} ==Orụ ya== * (comp.) "The Riverside song book/To stay at Home is best|To stay at Home is best", in ''The Riverside song book'' {{PD-old}} [[Category:Igbo]] 24z9vboexjkz50u3te40yjexs4wyx4k 108 432282 1338661 1238177 2026-05-27T10:40:24Z Edozie Ojekwe 881226 Removed template 1338661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{author | firstname = John | lastname = Caswell | last_initial = Ca | description = Ụkọchukwu na onye na-ahụ maka ọdịdị ala. }} ==Orụ ya== * "Midland Naturalist/Volume 01/A Winter's Ramble|A Winter's Ramble", ''Midland Naturalist'', (1878), 1:77-78. ===Enyere aka na akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma Katọlik=== {{PD-US}} [[Category:Igbo]] [[Category:English authors]] 6a8b4l2rs0812cnpqe4mcnaqydp6scf 108 451402 1338629 1337981 2026-05-26T14:17:05Z Michael1809*Mike 177016 1338629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Author | firstname = Richard Ièr | lastname = d'Anglatèrra | last_initial = R | birthyear = 1157 | deathyear = 1199 | description = '''Richard''' o '''Ricard Ièr d'Anglatèrra''', tanben conegut coma '''Ricard Còr de Leon'''. Filh ''d'Enric II d'Anglatèrra'' e ''d'Alienòr d'Aquitània'', fuguèt rei d'Anglatèrra dau 3 de setembre de 1189 al 6 d'abriu de 1199. Èra tanben trobador e compausava sas cançons en occitan e en francés. | image = Richard I of England in the Brief Abridgement of the Chronicles of England.jpg | wikipedia = oc:Richard Ièr d'Anglatèrra | wikidata = Q42305 }} == [[:Category:Sirventés|Sirventés]] == * BEdT 420,001: [https://letteraturaeuropea.let.uniroma1.it/?q=laboratorio/testo-e-traduzione-3 «Dalfin je us voill desrenier…»], ''1194'' <small>(''francés'')</small> * BEdT 420,002: ** <small>''francés''</small> «[[s:fr:Rotrouenge du Captif|Jà nus hons pris ne dira sa raison]]…», ''1193'' ** <small>''occitan''</small> «[[Ja nuls hom pres non dira sa razon]]…», ''1193'' [[en:Author:Richard I]] [[fr:Auteur:Richard Cœur de Lion]] [[pl:Autor:Ryszard I Lwie Serce]] [[ru:Автор:Ричард I Львиное Сердце]] [[Category:Author-PD-old|R]] [[Category:Male authors|R]] [[Category:Multiple language authors|R]] [[Category:Politicians as authors|R]] [[Category:Royalty as authors|R]] [[Category:Aristocrats as authors|R]] [[Category:Soldiers as authors|R]] [[Category:Poets|R]] [[Category:Troubadours|R]] [[Category:Old Occitan|R]] [[Category:Occitan|R]] b7la7p3z8fq8bdhmqnqghr90o8qjdc3 0 451536 1338626 1338540 2026-05-26T14:12:46Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1338626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သၢႆငၢႆသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပၢၼ် 15 ဢေႇၻီႇ မႃးဝၢႆးလင်|သၢႆငၢႆသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပၢၼ် 15 ဢေႇၻီႇ မႃးဝၢႆးလင်]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽူဝ်းတေႃႇၽယႃး (ဢေႇတီႇ 1752-1885)|ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽူဝ်းတေႃႇၽယႃး (ဢေႇတီႇ 1752-1885)]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ပေႃးတူၺ်းၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ မိူဝ်းပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ၵႃႈပဵၼ်ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး မၼ်းႁုပ်ႈယိုတ်း ဢဝ်ဝႆႉမူတ်းၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Hsen Khur, ''The Origin and the History of Tai'', p.250.</ref> ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၾိင်ႈၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၶဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇ ၼႂ်းဢူင်းပွင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ ပေႃးဝႃႈၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇၼႆ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶူဝ်းၶွင်ၶဝ် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇမႃႉ၊ ၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၶႃႈၵူၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ တေလႆႈဢဝ်တႆၢမူတ်းသေ ၽင်ၸွမ်းၵၼ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းမႃးယႃႉပႅတ်ႈ လႆႈၵႂႃႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kula, (U). ''The Great History'', (in Burmese) Vol-2,p.298.</ref> မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မၼ်းၽွင်းငမ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ ယွၼ်ႉႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ "ၵၢၼ်ပရိယတ်ႈ၊ ပတိပတ်ႈ ပႆႇၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇ"ၼႆသေ မၼ်းၸင်ႇဢဝ် ၼင်လိၼ်လူႇတၢၼ်း တႃႇၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ ၵွင်းမူး 'ဢွင်ႇမျေႇ ၽူင်ႇတႃႇ'ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ တီႈမိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈပၼ် ဝတ်ႉသၢမ်ၸၼ်ႉ၊ ဝတ်ႉဢွၼ်ႇသိပ်းလင် ဢၼ်မီးၸွမ်းၶႅပ်ႇ ဝတ်ႉလူင်၊ ၼႂ်းဝတ်ႉၸေႇတဝၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်ၵၢၼ်ပရိယတ်ႈ၊ ပတိပတ်ႈ ပေႃးတေၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်ဝႃႈၼႆသေလႄႈ မၼ်းဢဝ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇ ဢရိယဝမ်ႇသဝရၵိတ်ႉတိ ၽူႈလူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇ ၼႂ်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈလႄႈ လုၵ်ႈသိတ်ႈမၼ်း ၸဝ်ႈသိပ်းတူၼ် သူင်ႇမိူဝ်း တီႈမိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ပေႃးဝႃႈပဵၼ် ဝၼ်းသိၼ်ဝၼ်းထမ်းၼႆၸိုင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်လႄႈ ဢိၵ်ႇၵူၼ်းၼႂ်းႁၢင်ႈၼႂ်းႁေႃ၊ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈၵူၼ်းမိူင်း ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၼႂ်းတွၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်မႃးထွမ်ႇငိၼ်းတြႃး၊ ၵမ်သိၼ်ႁႃႈ၊ သိၼ်ပႅတ်ႇၸဵမ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တႃႇသေႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိုၼ်းလၢႆးဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈၵၢၼ်ပရိယတ်ႈ၊ ပတိပတ်ႈ ၸင်ႇႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃးသေ လႆႈဢဝ်လုၵ်ႈၶၢမ်ႇသၢင်ႇ၊ ၶၢမ်ႇၸၢင်း၊ ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႇလွင်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးတႄႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇၸင်ႇမႃး ယင်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈ မၼ်းမၼ်ႈမၼ်ႈၵိုမ်းၵိုမ်း ပွတ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းမၼ်းပွႆႇ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ၵႂႃႇပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈၼၼ်ႈသမ်ႉ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇပႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈပၢႆးမွၼ်း မေႃၶႅၵ်းမေႃတွင်ႈ၊ ၽူႈၸၼ်ႁၢင်ႈ ဢၼ်ယူႇမိူင်းႁမ်ႇသႃႇဝတီႇၼႆႉ ၵႂႃႇၸွမ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>U. Kheminda, ''History of Mongmit'', pp.131-133.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပွတ်းတၢင်းဢူင်းပွင်ႇ သီႇပေႃႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းယင်းဢဝ် ၼင်လိၼ်သေ လူႇတၢၼ်းတႃႇၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ ၵွင်းမူးၼႆယူႇ။<ref>''Encyclopeadia'' (in Myanmar), Vol.8.p.312.</ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉဢမ်ႇၵႃး ပွတ်းမိူင်းၵွင် (မူဝ်းၵွင်း)၊ မိူင်းယၢင်း (မူဝ်းၺိၼ်း)၊ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶၢင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇၶေႃႈတုၵ်းယွၼ်း ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပေႃးတေႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းၼႆသေ မၼ်းလႆႈ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ၽူႈမီးတၢင်းႁူႉၼမ် ၼႂ်းပရိယတ်ႈတင်းၼမ် ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ပပ်ႉ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ၸႂ်ႉႁဵတ်းၽိုၼ်မိူၼ်မၼ်းသေ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇၸွမ်း ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶိူင်ႈႁိဝ်ႈၶိူင်ႈၸင်ႈ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇၸွႆႉ၊ ယႃႇၸူႇ၊ ၵွၵ်းတူင်၊ ၵွၵ်းၶႂၢႆးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈမၼ်း မိူၼ်ၵၼ်တင်း မိူင်းႁမ်ႇသႃႇဝတီႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kula, (U). ''The Great History'', (in Burmese) Vol-2,p.304.</ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉဢမ်ႇၵႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ပွတ်း မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၵိုင်ႇမႃႉ၊ ၸၼ်းတႃၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပေႃးတေႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းပွတ်းၼၼ်ႉၼႆသေ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး မီးၼႂ်းမိုဝ်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းဢဝ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီး တၢင်းႁူႉယႂ်ႇ ၼႂ်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ၊ ပပ်ႉပိတၵၢတ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kula, (U). ''The Great History'', (in Burmese) Vol-2,p.322.</ref> မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်း ပၢၼ်မၼ်းၽွင်းငမ်းၼႆႉ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇၵေႃႈ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇတင်းၼမ်။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵူႈတီႈၵူႈလႅၼ် ၸဵမ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး၊ လႅၼ်လိၼ် ပွတ်းမိူင်းၶႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇပဵၼ်ဢၼ် ႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃးတႄႉတႄႉ၊ ၵွင်းမူး ဢၼ်မၼ်းလႆႈၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈမႃး ၵူႈတီႈၵူႈလႅၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼေႃႇပွင်းမၼ်း တေမီး 500 ပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Cochrane (W.W) ''The Shans'', pp.79-80.</ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းဝႃႈ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈမၼ်း ၵႂႃႇတိုၵ်းပေႉ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းမႆႇ၊ မိူင်းထႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းလႆႈၵႂႃႇလုမ်းလႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ဝတ်ႉၵဝ်ႇ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၵဝ်ႇ ၼႂ်းဝဵင်းၵဵင်းမႆႇၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၵွင်းမူးၵဝ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ လမ်းပုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းလႆႈၵႂႃႇတဵၵ်းၶမ်းမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၼႂ်းဝဵင်း ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆႉ ပပ်ႉပိတၵၢတ်ႈ ပႆႇၵုမ်ႇထူၼ်ႈၼႆသေ မၼ်းယင်းဢဝ်ပပ်ႉ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈဢၼ်မီး တီႈႁမ်ႇသႃႇဝတီႇ၊ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီးတူဝ်ထူပ်းၼမ် ၼႂ်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kula, (U). ''The Great History'', (in Burmese) Vol-2, pp.313-314.</ref> {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] pjzcfroz4ekbu83594kmxpby3b3p8g6 1338627 1338626 2026-05-26T14:14:21Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1338627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သၢႆငၢႆသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပၢၼ် 15 ဢေႇၻီႇ မႃးဝၢႆးလင်|သၢႆငၢႆသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပၢၼ် 15 ဢေႇၻီႇ မႃးဝၢႆးလင်]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽူဝ်းတေႃႇၽယႃး (ဢေႇတီႇ 1752-1885)|ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽူဝ်းတေႃႇၽယႃး (ဢေႇတီႇ 1752-1885)]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ပေႃးတူၺ်းၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ မိူဝ်းပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ၵႃႈပဵၼ်ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး မၼ်းႁုပ်ႈယိုတ်း ဢဝ်ဝႆႉမူတ်းၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Hsen Khur, ''The Origin and the History of Tai'', p.250.</ref> ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၾိင်ႈၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၶဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇ ၼႂ်းဢူင်းပွင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ ပေႃးဝႃႈၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇၼႆ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶူဝ်းၶွင်ၶဝ် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇမႃႉ၊ ၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၶႃႈၵူၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ တေလႆႈဢဝ်တႆၢမူတ်းသေ ၽင်ၸွမ်းၵၼ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းမႃးယႃႉပႅတ်ႈ လႆႈၵႂႃႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kula, (U). ''The Great History'', (in Burmese) Vol-2,p.298.</ref> မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မၼ်းၽွင်းငမ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ ယွၼ်ႉႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ "ၵၢၼ်ပရိယတ်ႈ၊ ပတိပတ်ႈ ပႆႇၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇ"ၼႆသေ မၼ်းၸင်ႇဢဝ် ၼင်လိၼ်လူႇတၢၼ်း တႃႇၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ ၵွင်းမူး 'ဢွင်ႇမျေႇ ၽူင်ႇတႃႇ'ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ တီႈမိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈပၼ် ဝတ်ႉသၢမ်ၸၼ်ႉ၊ ဝတ်ႉဢွၼ်ႇသိပ်းလင် ဢၼ်မီးၸွမ်းၶႅပ်ႇ ဝတ်ႉလူင်၊ ၼႂ်းဝတ်ႉၸေႇတဝၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်ၵၢၼ်ပရိယတ်ႈ၊ ပတိပတ်ႈ ပေႃးတေၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်ဝႃႈၼႆသေလႄႈ မၼ်းဢဝ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇ ဢရိယဝမ်ႇသဝရၵိတ်ႉတိ ၽူႈလူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇ ၼႂ်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈလႄႈ လုၵ်ႈသိတ်ႈမၼ်း ၸဝ်ႈသိပ်းတူၼ် သူင်ႇမိူဝ်း တီႈမိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ပေႃးဝႃႈပဵၼ် ဝၼ်းသိၼ်ဝၼ်းထမ်းၼႆၸိုင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်လႄႈ ဢိၵ်ႇၵူၼ်းၼႂ်းႁၢင်ႈၼႂ်းႁေႃ၊ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈၵူၼ်းမိူင်း ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၼႂ်းတွၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်မႃးထွမ်ႇငိၼ်းတြႃး၊ ၵမ်သိၼ်ႁႃႈ၊ သိၼ်ပႅတ်ႇၸဵမ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တႃႇသေႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိုၼ်းလၢႆးဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈၵၢၼ်ပရိယတ်ႈ၊ ပတိပတ်ႈ ၸင်ႇႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃးသေ လႆႈဢဝ်လုၵ်ႈၶၢမ်ႇသၢင်ႇ၊ ၶၢမ်ႇၸၢင်း၊ ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႇလွင်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးတႄႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇၸင်ႇမႃး ယင်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈ မၼ်းမၼ်ႈမၼ်ႈၵိုမ်းၵိုမ်း ပွတ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းမၼ်းပွႆႇ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ၵႂႃႇပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈၼၼ်ႈသမ်ႉ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇပႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈပၢႆးမွၼ်း မေႃၶႅၵ်းမေႃတွင်ႈ၊ ၽူႈၸၼ်ႁၢင်ႈ ဢၼ်ယူႇမိူင်းႁမ်ႇသႃႇဝတီႇၼႆႉ ၵႂႃႇၸွမ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>U. Kheminda, ''History of Mongmit'', pp.131-133.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပွတ်းတၢင်းဢူင်းပွင်ႇ သီႇပေႃႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းယင်းဢဝ် ၼင်လိၼ်သေ လူႇတၢၼ်းတႃႇၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ ၵွင်းမူးၼႆယူႇ။<ref>''Encyclopeadia'' (in Myanmar), Vol.8.p.312.</ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉဢမ်ႇၵႃး ပွတ်းမိူင်းၵွင် (မူဝ်းၵွင်း)၊ မိူင်းယၢင်း (မူဝ်းၺိၼ်း)၊ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶၢင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇၶေႃႈတုၵ်းယွၼ်း ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပေႃးတေႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းၼႆသေ မၼ်းလႆႈ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ၽူႈမီးတၢင်းႁူႉၼမ် ၼႂ်းပရိယတ်ႈတင်းၼမ် ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ပပ်ႉ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ၸႂ်ႉႁဵတ်းၽိုၼ်မိူၼ်မၼ်းသေ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇၸွမ်း ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶိူင်ႈႁိဝ်ႈၶိူင်ႈၸင်ႈ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇၸွႆႉ၊ ယႃႇၸူႇ၊ ၵွၵ်းတူင်၊ ၵွၵ်းၶႂၢႆးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈမၼ်း မိူၼ်ၵၼ်တင်း မိူင်းႁမ်ႇသႃႇဝတီႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kula, (U). ''The Great History'', (in Burmese) Vol-2,p.304.</ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉဢမ်ႇၵႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ပွတ်း မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၵိုင်ႇမႃႉ၊ ၸၼ်းတႃၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပေႃးတေႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းပွတ်းၼၼ်ႉၼႆသေ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး မီးၼႂ်းမိုဝ်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းဢဝ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီး တၢင်းႁူႉယႂ်ႇ ၼႂ်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ၊ ပပ်ႉပိတၵၢတ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kula, (U). ''The Great History'', (in Burmese) Vol-2,p.322.</ref> မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်း ပၢၼ်မၼ်းၽွင်းငမ်းၼႆႉ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇၵေႃႈ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇတင်းၼမ်။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵူႈတီႈၵူႈလႅၼ် ၸဵမ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး၊ လႅၼ်လိၼ် ပွတ်းမိူင်းၶႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇပဵၼ်ဢၼ် ႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃးတႄႉတႄႉ၊ ၵွင်းမူး ဢၼ်မၼ်းလႆႈၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈမႃး ၵူႈတီႈၵူႈလႅၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼေႃႇပွင်းမၼ်း တေမီး 500 ပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Cochrane (W.W) ''The Shans'', pp.79-80.</ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းဝႃႈ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈမၼ်း ၵႂႃႇတိုၵ်းပေႉ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းမႆႇ၊ မိူင်းထႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းလႆႈၵႂႃႇလုမ်းလႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ဝတ်ႉၵဝ်ႇ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၵဝ်ႇ ၼႂ်းဝဵင်းၵဵင်းမႆႇၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၵွင်းမူးၵဝ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ လမ်းပုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းလႆႈၵႂႃႇတဵၵ်းၶမ်းမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၼႂ်းဝဵင်း ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆႉ ပပ်ႉပိတၵၢတ်ႈ ပႆႇၵုမ်ႇထူၼ်ႈၼႆသေ မၼ်းယင်းဢဝ်ပပ်ႉ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈဢၼ်မီး တီႈႁမ်ႇသႃႇဝတီႇ၊ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီးတူဝ်ထူပ်းၼမ် ၼႂ်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kula, (U). ''The Great History'', (in Burmese) Vol-2, pp.313-314.</ref> ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ ၼႂ်းၸူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၼႆႉ မႃးႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းၼမ်သေပိူၼ်ႈ၊ ၽႄႈၼမ်သေပိူၼ်ႈ၊ ဢၼ်မႃးယင်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈ မၼ်းလႆႈၵႂၢင်ႈၵႂၢင်ႈၶႂၢင်ၶႂၢင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၵေႃႈ တေလႆႈဝႃႈပဵၼ် ၵမ်းဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈၼႆႉ ဢၼ်မႃးတႄႉမႃးယူႇ၊ ၵူၺ်းၼႃႇမၼ်းမႃး ယွတ်းယွတ်းယႅတ်းယႅတ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉၵူၺ်း။ ဢၼ်ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇပွတ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ပွတ်းသီႇပေႃႉ ဢူင်းပွင်ႇ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶၢင်သမ်ႉ ပွတ်းမိူင်းၵွင်၊ မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ ပွတ်းလႅၼ်လိၼ်ၶႄႇသမ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၵိုင်ႇမႃႉ၊ ၸၼ်းတႃ ၸိူဝ်းၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ သေ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၼႆႉ ပၢၼ်ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇၼႆႉၵူၺ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈ။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽူဝ်းတေႃႇၽယႃးၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၶဝ်ႈမႃး တင်းၼမ်တႄႉတႄႉ။ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ တေလၢတ်ႈၼႄ တီႈတႂ်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 70xhpo6k5p7nhex10vodvb56k0x69gm 104 451593 1338646 1338528 2026-05-26T23:09:33Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Proofread */ 1338646 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh||DICTIONARY.|57}}</noinclude>'''Kschiechauchsowagan,''' holiness, innocence. '''Kschiechek,''' clean. '''Kschiechelendam,''' to think one's self from stain; to think one's self sinless; to think that one is holy. '''Kschiechelensin,''' to believe to be blameless, to believe to be holy. '''Kschiechen,''' to wash. '''Kschiechen,''' clean. '''Kschiechgochgihillen,''' to bleed fast. '''Kschiechhensin,''' to wash one's self. '''Kschiechi,''' clear. '''Kschiechihin,''' to make clean. '''Kschiechpecat,''' clear water. '''Kschiechsin,''' to be clean. '''Kschiechton,''' to wash, to cleanse. '''Kschihillen,''' to go fast, to go swiftly. '''Kschikan,''' knife; (''pachschikan. A.'') '''Kschilan,''' it rains hard. '''Kschilandeke,''' summer. '''Kschilandeu,''' very hot weather; (''lit.,'' much sunshine. ''A.'') '''Kschipasques,''' green grasshopper. '''Kschippehellen,''' the water flows rapidly; strong current. '''Kschipsin,''' to have the itch. '''Kschipsit,''' one that has the itch. '''Kschite,''' broth; (''kschite,'' the ''i'' long. ''A.'') '''Kschitten,''' warm, hot. {{nop}}<noinclude>{{smaller|{{indent|3|E}}}}</noinclude> c9ccswn9yx1jhfkx38nup6ngirn2ipg 1338649 1338646 2026-05-26T23:29:48Z Cwrwgl 937938 1338649 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh||DICTIONARY.|57}}</noinclude>'''Kschiechauchsowagan,''' holiness, innocence. '''Kschiechek,''' clean. '''Kschiechelendam,''' to think one's self from stain; to think one's self sinless; to think that one is holy. '''Kschiechelensin,''' to believe to be blameless, to believe to be holy. '''Kschiechen,''' to wash. '''Kschiechen,''' clean. '''Kschiechgochgihillen,''' to bleed fast. '''Kschiechhensin,''' to wash one's self. '''Kschiechi,''' clear. '''Kschiechihin,''' to make clean. '''Kschiechpecat,''' clear water. '''Kschiechsin,''' to be clean. '''Kschiechton,''' to wash, to cleanse. '''Kschihillen,''' to go fast, to go swiftly. '''Kschikan,''' knife; (''pachschikan. A.'') '''Kschilan,''' it rains hard. '''Kschilandeke,''' summer. '''Kschilandeu,''' very hot weather; (''lit.,'' much sunshine. ''A.'') '''Kschipasques,''' green grasshopper. '''Kschippehellen,''' the water flows rapidly; strong current. '''Kschipsin,''' to have the itch. '''Kschipsit,''' one that has the itch. '''Kschite,''' broth; (''kschite,'' the ''i'' long. ''A.'') '''Kschitten,''' warm, hot. {{nop}}<noinclude>{{smaller|{{indent|4|E}}}}</noinclude> 4zbeg2l9erufq9shs83hbzyl4qrlc37 104 451594 1338647 1338529 2026-05-26T23:20:35Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Proofread */ 1338647 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh|58|LENÂPÉ-ENGLISH}}</noinclude>'''Kschiwineu,''' it snows very thick. '''Kschochwen,''' to walk fast. '''Kschuppan,''' blunt, dull. '''Ksinachpin,''' to be at leisure. '''Ksinelendam,''' to be easy, to be without care. '''Ksinhattenamin,''' to be of an indifferent heart and mind. '''Ksinhattenamoagan,''' indifference, calmness.. '''Ksukquamallsin,''' to be perplexed, to be in anguish of mind; (''ksakquelendam,'' thou art perplexed. ''A.'') '''Ksukquamallsoagan,''' perplexity, mental anguish. '''Ksukquinaquot,''' heavy in a manner. '''Ksukquon,''' heavy; hard, difficult; hardly. '''Ktakan,''' another; otherwise, in another manner. '''Ktemakauchsoagan,''' poor, miserable life. '''Ktemaki,''' poor, miserable, infirm. '''Ktemakiechin,''' to lie sick in a poor condition. '''Ktemaque,''' beaver; (''amochk. Z.'') '''Ktemaxin,''' to be poor, to be miserable; to be poorly. '''Ktschihillalan,''' to betray somebody. '''Ktschillachton,''' to make known, to make manifest, to speak the truth. '''Ktschimine,''' as soon as. '''Ktschin,''' to go out; (''acktschin,'' impers. ''A.'') '''Ktschinquehhellen,''' the sun rises. '''Ktschiqwagan,''' gun drawer. '''Ktscholtin,''' to come out of church. '''Ktschukquihhilleu,''' it moves, it stirs. {{nop}}<noinclude></noinclude> kicb8yy3uzyxmopsmqg17yggxkuizfp 104 451595 1338648 1338530 2026-05-26T23:29:12Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Proofread */ 1338648 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh||DICTIONARY.|59}}</noinclude>'''Ktschukquilques,''' ''Z.,'' grasshopper (''lit.,'' it moves in the grass. ''A.''). '''Ktukin,''' to turn back; (probably an error for ''k'tokkin,'' to wake up. ''A.'') '''Kulluppi,''' ''Z.,'' to convert (''lit.,'' to turn. ''A.''). '''Kunhaffun,''' ''Z.,'' to polish, to grind, to sharpen. '''Kutschin,''' to come out of the house. '''Kuwe,''' pine; (see ''Cuwe.'') '''Kuweuchak,''' pine wood, pine logs. '''Kuwewanik,''' red squirrel. {{c|L.}} '''Lachauweleman,''' to be concerned for somebody. '''Lachauwelendam,''' to be concerned for something; to be troubled in mind. '''Lachauwelendamen,''' to take care of, to be concerned for. '''Lachauwelendamoagan,''' concern. '''Lachauwiechen,''' to hinder. '''Lachenendowagan,''' release, loosening. '''Lachenummen,''' to untie, to loosen. '''Lachgalaan,''' ''Z.,'' to anger. '''Lachgaman,''' to treat somebody ill. '''Lachkan,''' sharp tasted. '''Lachpiechsin,''' to speak fast. '''Lachpihhilleu,''' it goes fast, it moves swiftly. {{nop}}<noinclude></noinclude> s7w6gp608t2ci2qcgppjha2czv1i1bn 0 451622 1338628 2026-05-26T14:16:36Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1338628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇ (ဢေႇတီႇ 1556-2582)|ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇ (ဢေႇတီႇ 1556-2582)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈတူၼ်ၶူးဝႃးလူင် မႁႃႇၼႃႇယၵ ပၺ်ႇၺႃႇၽေႃးၵ မိူင်းသူႈဢွၼ်ႁူဝ်ပိၼ်ႇ|ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈတူၼ်ၶူးဝႃးလူင် မႁႃႇၼႃႇယၵ ပၺ်ႇၺႃႇၽေႃးၵ မိူင်းသူႈဢွၼ်ႁူဝ်ပိၼ်ႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိင်ႇၼွင်ႇၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽူဝ်းတေႃႇၽယႃးၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းဢဝ်ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ၊ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၵႂႃႇလၢႆတီႈလၢႆတၢင်း ပႃးၸဵမ်ၼႂ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ၊ မိူင်းတႆး တီႈဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပႆႇပေႃးႁိူဝ်းႁိူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းဢမရပူႇရ၊ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ပဵၼ်မၼ်းတင်ႈမႃးသေ ႁၢင်ႈႁေႃမၼ်းၵေႃႈ တင်ႈမႃးတီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽြႃးၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ မႁႃႇမုၼိၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၵႂႃႇပၢင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းရၶၢႆႇ မိူဝ်ႈ 1785 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] md7ula1mihzkudq2v2yiqqrb6x11qdh 1338630 1338628 2026-05-26T14:25:33Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1338630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇ (ဢေႇတီႇ 1556-2582)|ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇ (ဢေႇတီႇ 1556-2582)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈတူၼ်ၶူးဝႃးလူင် မႁႃႇၼႃႇယၵ ပၺ်ႇၺႃႇၽေႃးၵ မိူင်းသူႈဢွၼ်ႁူဝ်ပိၼ်ႇ|ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈတူၼ်ၶူးဝႃးလူင် မႁႃႇၼႃႇယၵ ပၺ်ႇၺႃႇၽေႃးၵ မိူင်းသူႈဢွၼ်ႁူဝ်ပိၼ်ႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိင်ႇၼွင်ႇၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽူဝ်းတေႃႇၽယႃးၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းဢဝ်ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ၊ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၵႂႃႇလၢႆတီႈလၢႆတၢင်း ပႃးၸဵမ်ၼႂ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ၊ မိူင်းတႆး တီႈဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပႆႇပေႃးႁိူဝ်းႁိူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းဢမရပူႇရ၊ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ပဵၼ်မၼ်းတင်ႈမႃးသေ ႁၢင်ႈႁေႃမၼ်းၵေႃႈ တင်ႈမႃးတီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽြႃးၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ မႁႃႇမုၼိၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၵႂႃႇပၢင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းရၶၢႆႇ မိူဝ်ႈ 1785 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ တီႈဢၼ်မၼ်းဢဝ်ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ၊ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵႂႃႇပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ သဵၼ်ႈမၢႆမၼ်း မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ပႃႈတႂ်ႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ # တီႈမိူင်းဝိတေႇႁ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶႄႇၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းဢဝ် ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇၵုၼႃၽိဝမ်သထၸ မႁႃရႃၸၵုရု လႄႈ လုၵ်ႈၼွင်ႉႁႃႈတူၼ်ၵႂႃႇပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ။ # ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းၵဵင်းလူမ်းၼၼ်ႉ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇပုၺ်ၺႃၽိထၸ မႁႃရႃၸၵုရု ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လုၵ်ႈၼွင်ႉႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈ။ # ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းမိူင်းလႅမ်းၼၼ်ႉ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇသီရိသတ်ထမ်မထၸ မႁႃရႃၸၵုရု ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လုၵ်ႉၼွင်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ႁႃႈတူၼ်။ # ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းမိူင်းယွင်းၼၼ်ႉ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇသီရိပုၺ်ၺ မႁႃရႃၸၵုရု ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လုၵ်ႈၼွင်ႉႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈ။ # ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ၊ ၵဵင်းတုင် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၶႄႇမရတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉ သူင်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇသီရိသတ်ထမ်မထၸ မႁႃရႃၸၵုရု ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လုၵ်ႈၼွင်ႉႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 3jnzrmgc9tyy8istdjaqilcfvydvnti 104 451623 1338631 2026-05-26T16:44:59Z Ganjidvd 743383 /* Proofread */ 1338631 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Ganjidvd" /></noinclude>{{center|{{larger|XLIV.}}}} {{Center|{{larger|CONEGLIAN}}}} {{Ppoem| A Conegliano e’ ven, par su natura, L’ era piutost alzir, mo savurí; Mo da pu ch’ ui è al Scol d’ Enulugí L’ è dvinté pess d’ caval adiritura. Mè a i ho pr’ e’ c.... la Scienza e la Cultura A voi d’ e’ ven legettom, garantí, E no una broda d’ marascon<ref>''marascon'': vino meridionale in genere</ref> travstí Cun d’ i’ azid, d’ i parfom e d’ la tintura. E pu, saviv cossa ch’ i m’ ha cuntè? Ch’ i coi e i boll in t’ un tinazz da ven E’ gomit<ref>''gomit'': vomito</ref> d’ i imbariegh ch’ ha gumité, Il filtra, il conza e, imbutiglié ben ben, I’ i implaca<ref>''implaca'': impiastrano</ref> un cartell inarzinté Ch’ il vend ch’ e’ gosta un occ e nò a se d’ ben! }} <noinclude>{{Center|– 99 –}}</noinclude> [[Category: Rumagnôl]]<noinclude></noinclude> 9ho7uktduwqlkjmnfk3s64eyie348ky 104 451624 1338633 2026-05-26T20:24:03Z ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ 742656 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1338633 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ" /></noinclude>Dr. K.C. Tudu ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ - "प्राचीन काल सन् 1854 ई. से पूर्व को लोक युग या होड़ ओबोतार काल कहा जाता है। इस काल में संताली को होड़ तथा उनके पूर्वजों को भी होड़ नाम से जाना जाता था। होड़ का अर्थ है 'आदमी' या 'लोक'। इसलिए प्राचीन काल के साहित्य को होड़ सोहेतु या लोक साहित्य कहते हैं। इस काल में लिखित साहित्य नहीं मिला है।"¹⁰ (१८९४ साल मराठांय ही सनताळी माण सवाहुए तरीकेर ललअ सओदर अकदाह) । डा. कृष्ण चंद्र टुडू, सनताड़ी होड़ सावहेतू पुथिरेले अल अक्कल पबळोते संताली लोक साहित्य की मुख्य विशेषताएं निम्नलिखित है - क) प्रकृतिक तत्वों का मानवीकरण ख) देश काल घटना और पात्रों की अनुरूप कथा सूत्र का विकास। ग) संदेश वाहक के रूप में जीव जानवर पशु पक्षी आदि का प्रयोग। घ) जादू एवं जादुई शक्ति का प्रयुक्त होना। ङ) संताली लोक संगीत में लय गती छंद तथा नृत्य द्वारा इनकी लोक साहित्य में एक अद्भुत रहस्यशाक्ति उत्पन्न होती है। च) संताली आदिवासी सूर्य, चंद्र, बादल, हवा, अग्नि, पानी आदि की सामूहिक रूप से अनुभव करता है। सामूहिक उद्वेग द्वारा ही आन्तरिक भाव जगत की अभिव्यक्ति मिलती है। ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠ / 7<noinclude></noinclude> 3nlywbcu0xkizqhwjkklebnq3dytfcg 104 451625 1338634 2026-05-26T20:24:57Z ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ 742656 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1338634 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ" /></noinclude>(᱙) ᱛᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ (᱖) ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ, ᱡᱤᱵᱽ–ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱫᱟᱨᱮ–ᱱᱟᱹᱲᱤ, ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱩᱴᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱩᱯᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱟᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱥᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨ (ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ, ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ, ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱠᱤᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ, ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱱᱫᱚᱨᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ–ᱞᱟᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱭ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱮᱞ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱟᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ 8 / ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠ<noinclude></noinclude> fm4k9odkafo0jwuebf45ipdir4yvtbh 104 451626 1338635 2026-05-26T20:25:33Z ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ 742656 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1338635 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ" /></noinclude>সউতৃগ সউতৃগ./ Reference - 1. মিলন কান্তি বিশ্বাস, প্রসঙ্গ লোকসংস্কৃতি - 10 2. মিলন কান্তি বিশ্বাস, প্রসঙ্গ লোকসংস্কৃতি - 11 3. Dr. Ashraf Siddiqui লোকসাহিত্য - 01 4. ডঃ মযাহারুল ইসলাম ফোকলোর পরিচিতি ও পঠন-পাঠন - 03 5. ডাক্তার শ্রীরাম শর্ম্মা, লোক সাহিত্য তত্ত্ব এবং প্রয়োগ - 06 6. ডাক্তার শ্রীরাম শর্ম্মা, লোক সাহিত্য তত্ত্ব এবং প্রয়োগ - 03 7. বরুণ কুমার চক্রবর্তী, বাংলা লোকসাহিত্য চর্চার ইতিহাস - 01 8. বরুণ কুমার চক্রবর্তী, বাংলা লোকসাহিত্য চর্চার ইতিহাস - 04 9. গওগগধওরা হং‌সদ, লার লপকচায় - 02 10. সনাতন হং‌সদ, হাওড় রয় আর ডালহদৈয়ের গাগম - 02 11. ডা. কৃষ্ণ চঁহ্রু হুহু, সানতাড়ী হোঁড় সাবষ্টেন - 11 12. মিলন কান্তি বিশ্বাস, প্রসঙ্গ লোকসংস্কৃতি - 16 সানতᱟᱲী সাওয়হেদ মোহোক / 9<noinclude></noinclude> ofcdmn7c1zs5tf0szscv11ry39pmz6l 104 451627 1338636 2026-05-26T20:27:06Z ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ 742656 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1338636 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ" /></noinclude>ᱥᱟᱹᱫᱷᱩ ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱞᱚ : ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱥᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱳ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱚᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱫᱷᱩ ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱵᱤᱝᱥᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱪᱟᱨᱼᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨ, ᱨᱚᱝᱼᱨᱚᱯᱚ, ᱨᱚᱰᱳᱡᱼᱠᱚᱪᱞᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱤᱥᱪᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱼᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱰᱟᱢᱟᱰᱳᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ, ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ, ᱞᱟᱭᱼᱞᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱸᱫᱷᱟᱼᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ, ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤᱼ 10 / ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠ<noinclude></noinclude> e30lyw5myshj134qekjlsommau9qv88 104 451628 1338650 2026-05-27T02:50:18Z SabdaStha 964131 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1338650 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SabdaStha" /></noinclude>बिगू थायस शुचि यानाओ भिन‌काओ तयागू थानंसं । तथागतनं कथंथ्य पलाख तयाओ बिज्यातं॥ ॥ थ्व बेलस आर्य्य संघ भिक्षु बोधिसत्व गनपनि ओयाओ चोनं । तथागतया सर्व संघ सहितं भिक्षुगनपनि दकोस यात जुसां दानयायगू इछा यानाओ बिज्यातं। श्रावन कृष्ण त्रयोदसि जुगादि खुनु जुलसां दानसाला दयकाओ दान यानाओ विज्यातं॥ ॥ थनंलि। थ्व दिपावति नगरस छम्ह अति कंगाल जुयाओ दु:ख सियाओ चोनम्ह नयत्वनेगू छुं मदयाओं महाकष्ट सियाओं चोनम्ह न्हि न्हि छिया बुस ओनाओ छो सिना हयाओ । शा सिना हयाओ नयाओ चोनम्ह बदाबृद्धि जुयाओ चोनम्ह । मिसा जन छ<noinclude></noinclude> c1cbyefpcv4kkw4ratpz3t0eqt7mwa3 104 451629 1338652 2026-05-27T06:02:36Z Ganjidvd 743383 /* Proofread */ 1338652 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Ganjidvd" /></noinclude>{{center|{{larger|XLV.}}}} {{Center|{{larger|TREVIS}}}} {{Ppoem| Treviso l’ è ch’ e’ sid ch’ è dseva Dant: «E dove Sile e Cagnan s’ accompagna» Mo in quant a la susezza<ref>''susezza'': salsiccia</ref> ch’ us i magna I’ ha un bel cuntè, mo a me la n’ um pies tant. L’ è trop grassa e in t’ la pasta in i sparagna D’ i cundiment ch’ i ha un non sò che d’ purgant E i’ ha pu un ven, ch’ il to da la campagna, Ch’ l’ ha poca forza e l’ è piotost andant.<ref>''andant'': di poco conto</ref> L’ è un ven che s’ av in dbi meza barila<ref>''barila'': barile</ref> Uv gonfia ch’ av sintí la psiga<ref>''psiga'': vescica</ref> pena Ch’ a pissarí zinquanta volt in fila. Anzi mè a dess a un sgnor ch’ e’ vens a zena, Che par ciapé una scaia<ref>''scaia'': sbornia</ref>signurila E’ piò simpatich ven l’ è la canena.<ref>''canena'': canina (vino paesano)</ref> }} <noinclude>{{Center|– 100 –}}</noinclude> [[Category: Rumagnôl]]<noinclude></noinclude> phj3jgzpbd7pq8sdpxmekhcflqzu731